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HERRINGSHAW'S
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
NINETEENTH CENTURY.
ACCURATE AND SUCCINCT BIOGRAPHIES OF
FAMOUS MEN AND WOMEN IN ALL WALKS OF LIFE WHO ARE OR HAVE BEEN THE ACKNOWLEDGED
LEADERS OF LIFE AND THOUGHT OF THE UNITED STATES SINCE ITS FORMATION,
ENTIRELY COVERING THE FIELD OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE, HISTORY, POL
ITICS, COMMERCE. AND THE MECHANICAL AND INDUSTRIAL ARTS.
ILLUSTRATED WITH PORTRAITS.
EDITED AND COMPILED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF
THOMAS WILLIAM HERRINGSHAW,
AUTHOR OF HOME OCCUPATIONS, PROMINENT MEN AND WOMEN OF THE DAY, AIDS TO LITERARY SUCCESS, MULIEROLOGY, LOCAL AND
NATIONAL POETS OF AMERICA, AND OTHER WORKS,
ASSISTED BY
A CORPS OF WELL KNOWN WRITERS.
BUT THERE ARE DEEDS WHICH SHALL NOT PASS AWAY,
AND NAMES THAT MUST NOT WITHER, THOUGH THE EARTH
FORGETS HER EMPIRES WITH A JUST DECAY. ' ' BYRON.
CHICAGO, ILL.:
AMERICAN PU BLI SHERS' ASSOCIATION
1898.
ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS,
IN THE YEAR 1898,
BY
THOMAS WILLIAM HERRINGSHAW,
IN THE OFFICE OF
THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS,
AT WASHINGTON, D. C.
GIFT
Y* — ~*o
tt>'s American Biography
IS
RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED
WITH MANY THANKS,
TO THE
3£v00vcsstvrc BXcu of £if c and glt
OF THE UNITED STATES,
FOR THE ASSISTANCE THEY HAVE RENDERED
IN ITS PUBLICATION
UJilltam £)erringsl)at».
M72588I
PREFACE.
The Nineteenth Century has been a period of activity and of hitherto unparalleled achieve
ments that have been manifested, especially in America, by the great progress made in every line of
human effort. And now that this wonderful era has drawn to a close, the time was ripe, before the
passage of years had worn off the sharpness of impressions, to collect and perpetuate the mines and
deeds of those who merit commemoration.
In the conception of Herringshaw's Encyclopedia of American Biography, we have been in
fluenced chiefly by the knowledge that although nearly every nation has its own Encyclopedia of
Biography, the United States has not produced one distinctively its own. In all Encyclopedias of
American Biography so much space has been given to extended biographies, and so much to noted men
of foreign countries, that to make room for them the publishers have entirely ignored the biographies
of thousands of noted American Authors, Poets, Journalists, Publishers, Clergymen, Reformers, Ed
ucators, Lecturers, Lawyers, Jurists, Soldiers, Statesmen, Musicians, Singers. Painters, Sculptors,
Scientists, Philosophers, Inventors, Explorers, Successful Merchants, Manufacturers and Builders, and
men and women in all walks of life, who are worthy of representation in a work of this character.
An Encyclopedia of American Biography that contains the names of but one-half of the noted
personages of the L'nited States is as inadequate to meet public requirements as a dictionary would be
that contained but one-half the words of the English language. Neither is a ponderous work of sev
eral volumes suitable for the general use of the public. Hence, taking all these things into consid
eration, there was an open field for this work ; and the close of the Nineteenth Century made the time
an especially appropriate and auspicious one for its publication.
What was wanted was an Encyclopedia of American Biography that would be a standard book
of biographical reference for the American people, as Webster's Unabridged Dictionary is a stand
ard on Orthography — accurate, concise and complete. Accordingly, the design of this work has been to
give in one volume a manual of reference containing in a condensed form appropriate notices of all per
sons who have risen to any considerable degree of prominence. Altlwugh ostensibly the work was
to be confined to biographies of noted men and women who are living or have lived in the Nine
teenth Century, it has been given a wider scope, in order to make it more complete, by including all the
more distinguished personages from the earliest settlement of the United States.
The most attractive form of history is biography, which perpetuates the memory of individuals,
and, while aptly illustrating the conduct of life, conveys important lessons. History, it has been well
said, does not much regard fertile soil or material wealth ; but the admirable men and women that a
country produces — they are the glory of the country. In every city, town and village are men and
women of character and influence, who have contributed by their enterprise and thrift, by their activity
and sagacity in business, their zeal in educational, in religious, and in political matters, to the moral
and spiritual advancement as well as to the material prosperity of the community in which they live.
What man has done man may do. Biographies of representative people, intimately connected
with the development of the resources of their country, illustrate what energy, with a firm will and fixed
purpose, has hitherto accomplished and can yet achieve.
As the failure to consider the lives of men of affairs as of historical importance is a defective
feature of the great biographical works heretofore published, a special feature of this work has been
to include the lives of the great pioneers, merchants, manufacturers, railroad builders, and other prac
tical men who have developed the mines, forests and farms, built the railroads, steamboat lines and can
als, set afloat and managed the shipping, organized the corporations, and introduced the new processes
in science and mechanics, which have so greatly reduced the cost and promoted the comfort of living,
while contributing to the power and prestige of the nation itself. They have founded the great mu-
11 PREFACE.
seums, erected statues, libraries and reading rooms; and it is by them that the colleges, schools and
philanthropic institutions are built and maintained ; and it surely is befitting that their records should
be preserved for all time.
In preparing this Encyclopedia, the compiler has restricted his description to sketches merely
biographical, and has not criticised the individual, nor reviewed his attainments. But brief as are these
biographical sketches, they are certainly a medium of introduction to the reader, especially when ac
companied with a portrait ; as from the combination of portrait and biography the utmost degree of
utility and pleasure may be derived. The contemplation of a portrait creates a desire to know more of
the subject ; and reading of the attainments of a person, makes the reader anxious to behold his counte
nance — hence one supplies the absence of the other.
Herringshaw's Encyclopedia of American Biography comprises a varied collection of names
that has cost infinite pains and expense to obtain, containing as it does the lives and achievements of
more than twenty-five thousand famous men and women in all walks of life who are* or have been the
acknowledged leaders of life and thought of the United States since its formation, entirely covering the
field of literature, science, history, politics, commerce, and the mechanical and industrial arts. In con
sequence of the almost inaccessibility of facts concerning the lives of many of the subjects contained in
this work, the daily press, current magazines, and hundreds of genealogical and biographical works have
been largely drawn upon for material, and thus many important facts and interesting reminiscences have
been rescued from oblivion that add greatly to the value of the work.
Herringshaw's Encyclopedia of American Biography includes succinct biographies of all the
Presidents and Vice-Presidents of the United States; every member of all the cabinets; every United
States Senator and Speaker of the House; every United States Congressman; every member of the
Supreme Court ; every signer of the Declaration of Independence ; the Governors of the States and Terri
tories ; all the Authors, Poets and Composers : all the eminent Clergymen, Judges, Lawyers ; all the
Admirals and distinguished naval officers; all the Generals and distinguished army officers; while no
name eminent in Literature, Art, Music, Science or Invention has been omitted.
The courteous co-operation and words of praise received from prominent people throughout the
United States, confirmed the opinion that the public was sufficiently alive to the value and importance
of such a work, and the lasting benefit to be derived from placing their names, side by side with those
of our most honored ones, in a volume that will be found in public libraries and reading rooms through
out the world, and which is ultimately destined to go down to posterity as an enduring record of the
most eminent people of the United States ; bearing in mind that without such a record sorne of the most
illustrious names would be lost in oblivion, and their posterity deprived of the gratification and ad
vantage of reference to so honorable an ancestry.
After three years of arduous labor we have succeeded beyond our expectations in compiling the
most important and comprehensive work of the century — a monumental record which is a credit to the
nation and to the world, and will prove to be more lasting than inscriptions on stone, and more enduring
than shafts of marble.
We cannot conclude without reiterating our grateful acknowledgments to our numerous friends
in all parts of the United States, not only for valuable information of various kinds, but still more for
the generous words of encouragement which we have received from them during our long and arduous
labors. \Ye feel confident that this general expression of our gratitude will be more acceptable to most
<>i them than a more particular and open acknowledgment of their disinterested kindness.
For the material aid and courteous co-operation of the press and public, especially contributors and
their friends who have so kindly furnished genealogical works and data, clippings from newspapers and
magazines, manuscripts and other material, our thanks are freely and sincerely given. Indeed, without
such co-operation. Herringshaw's Encyclopedia of American Biography could scarcely have assumed
its present magnitude.
THOMAS WILLIAM HERRINGSHAW.
Chicago, 111., Nov. 24, 1898.
s' Jlote.
MISTAKES WILL UNDOUBTEDLY BE FOUND IN THIS
VOLUME, BUT THEY EXIST NOT FOR WANT OF PAINS
TAKING EFFORTS TO AVOID THEM, BUT GENERALLY FROM
IMPKRFF.CT MANUSCRIPTS OR CONFLICTING STATEMENTS
OK STANDARD AUTHORITIES. WHAT IS WORTH RECORD
ING AT ALL, IS WORTH RECORDING CAREFULLY AND COR
RECTLY; AND WHEN MISTAKES ARE DISCOVERED, A MEM
ORANDUM OF THE ERRORS SHOULD AT ONCE BE SENT TO
THE AMERICAN PUBLISHERS' ASSOCIATION OF CHICAGO,
FOR CORRECTION IN FUTURE EDITIONS OF THIS WORK
Lives of great men all remind us
ll'e can make our lives sublime,
And, departing, leave behind us
Footprints on the sands of time.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF
AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
AARON, SAMUEL, clergyman, educat
or, author, was born in 1800 in New Brit
ain, Pa. He was a baptist clergyman and
educator of Mount Holly, N. J., and prom
inent as an anti-slavery advocate. He
published a number of popular text-books,
and was the author of Faithful Transla
tion. He died April 11, 1865, in Mount
Holly, N. J.
ABADIE, EUGENE H., surgeon, was
born about 1814 in France. In 1836 he
entered the medical corps of the United
States army, and in 1853 was promoted
surgeon. In 1865 he became chief medi
cal officer of the military division of west
Mississippi; in 1866 medical director of
the department of Missouri; and lastly
acting assistant medical purveyor at St.
Louis. At the time of his death he had
seen more years of actual service than
any, save two, of the army surgeons. He
died Dec. 12, 1874, in St. Louis, Mo.
ABBADIE, D", governor of Louisiana,
was born about 1710. He was sent to
America by Louis XV of France, to take
charge of certain royal business interests
in New Orleans, and was granted military
authority over the affairs of the province.
He died Feb. 4, 1765, in New Orleans, La.
ABBATT, AGNES DEAN, artist, was
born June 23, 1847, in New York city.
She has given special attention to the
painting of chrysanthemums, and her
most noteworthy pictures are: When Au
tumn Turns the Leaves; and The Last of
the Flowers. In the landscape field she
has confined her work mostly to rural
scenes in Westchester County, N. Y.
ABBE, CLEVELAND, astronomer, me
teorologist, author, was born Dec. 3, 1838,
in New York city. He was director of the
Cincinnati observatory; and in 1871 be
came professor of meteorology in the na
tional weather bureau and has since con
tinued in that position. The more im
portant of his many publications include
Solar Spots and Terrestrial Temperature;
A Plea for Terrestrial Physics; Atmos
pheric Radiation; Treatise on Meteoro
logical Apparatus; and Preparatory Stud
ies for Deductive Methods in Meteorology.
ABBE, FREDERICK RANDOLPH,
clergyman, poet, was born in 1827 in Con
necticut. He was a congregational clergy
man in Massachusetts; and the author of
The Temple Rebuilt, a poem of Christian
faith. He died in 1889.
ABBETT, LEON, lawyer, legislator, jur
ist, governor, was born Oct. 8, 1826, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1862 he settled in
Hoboken, N. J., in the practice of law;
and in 1863 was appointed corporation at
torney. In 1864 he was elected a repre
sentative in the New Jersey legislature;
was re-elected in 1865; was again elected
to the same position in 1868, and was
chosen speaker of the house. He was re-
elected to both positions in 1869; was
corporation counsel for Bayonne City and
the town of Union; and in 1872 was a
delegate to the democratic national con
vention. In 1874 he was elected a state
senator; and in 1876 became corporation
counsel of Jersey City, to which place he
had removed in 1866. In 1883 he was
elected governor of New Jersey for the
term of three years; and in 1893 he was
appointed a justice of the supreme court.
ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN, artist, was
born in 1852 in Philadelphia, Pa. He en
tered the employ of Harper and Brothers
of New York city as an illustrator to
Harpers' Magazine. He has attracted
considerable attention as a water-colorist
by such pictures as The Widow; and
Reading the Bible.
ABBEY, EVERETT L., educator, auth
or, was born Oct. 10, 1855, in Mayfield,
Ohio. He graduated from Wooster Uni
versity in 1880, and in 1890 traveled in
Europe. He is a successful educator of
Cambridge, Ohio; and the author of The
Passion Play.
ABBEY, HENRY, journalist, poet, was
born July 11, 1842, in Rondout, N. Y. He
studied at Kingston Academy and^at the
Hudson River Insti
tute in Columbia
county. His first
collection of poems,
entitled May Dreams,
was published in
1862. For many
years he was en
gaged in journalism
in New York city,
where he is also con
nected with several
financial institutions.
He is the author of
Ballads of Good Deeds; The City of Suc
cess; May Dreams; Ralph and Other
Poems; Stories in Verse; and The Poems
of Henry Abbey. The poem Ralph is con
sidered one of his best.
ABBEY, HENRY EUGENE, dramatic
manager, was born June 27, 1846, in Ak
ron, Ohio. He began life as clerk in his
father's jewelry store; rose to partner
ship; and in 1873 succeeded to the busi
ness. In 1869 he leased the Akron theater,
which he managed with so much success
that in 1876 he also leased the Park thea
ter of New York city, and from that time
forward devoted his energies entirely to
dramatic affairs. He is now the manager
of Abbey's theater and the Metropolitan
opera house of New York city; and of
the Tremont theater of Boston, Mass.
ABBEY, RICHARD, clergyman, theolog
ian, author, was born Nov. 16, 1805, in
Genesee county, N. Y. He was a promin
ent clergyman of the southern methodist
church, among whose many theological
and controversial writings are: End of
the Apostolical Succession; Creed of All
Men; Diuturnity; Ecce Ecclesia, a Reply
to Ecce Homo; and The City of God and
the Church Makers.
ABBOT, ABIEL, clergyman, author, was
born Dec. 14, 1765, in Wilton, N. H. He
was a congregational clergyman of Con
necticut and Massachusetts; and the auth
or of a History of Andover; and a Gene
alogy of the Abbot Family. He died Jan.
31, 1859, in West Cambridge, Mass.
ABBOT, ABIEL, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 17, 1770, in Andover, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Beverly, Mass.; and the author of Let
ters From Cuba. He died June 7, 1828,
on Staten Island, N. Y.
ABBOT, EZRA, theologian, author, was
born April 28, 1819, in Jackson, Maine. He
was a Unitarian biblical scholar of much
prominence, who was for many years a
professor in the Divinity school of Har
vard university, and widely known for the
extent of his bibliographical acquire
ments. He was the author of Literature
of the Doctrine of a Future Life; Authen
ticity of the Fourth Gospel; and The
Fourth Gospel and Other Critical Essays.
He died March 21, 1884, in Cambridge,
Mass.
ABBOT, FRANCIS ELLINGWOOD,
author, was born Nov. 6, 1836, in Boston,
Mass. He is a religious and philosophical
thinker of advanced views; for some
years editor of The Index, of Cambridge;
and the author of Scientific Theism; and
The Way Out of Agnosticism.
ABBOT, GORHAM DUMMER, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 3, 1807,
in Hallowell, Maine. He was a congrega
tional clergyman, long an educator of
New York city, and a brother of Jacob
Abbott, but returned to an older spelling
of his surname. He was the author of
Prayer-Book for the Young; Pleasure and
Profit; and The Family at Home. He died
July 31, 1874, in South Natick, Mass.
ABBOT, HENRY LARCOM, soldier,
civil engineer, author, was born Aug. 13,
1831, in Beverly, Mass. He is a general
in the United States army, -and of prom
inence as an engineer. Besides several
series of Professional Papers, his writings
include Lectures on the Defence of the
Sea Coast of the United States; and
Physics and Hydraulics of the Mississippi
River.
ABBOT, JOEL, congressman, was born
March 17, 1766, in Fairfield, Conn., and
emigrated to Georgia. He was elected a
representative in congress from Wilkes
county from 1817 to 1825. He died Nov.
19, 1826, in Washington, Ga.
ABBOT, JOEL, naval officer, was born
Jan. 18, 1793, in Westford, Mass. Con
gress voted him a handsome sword for
gallantry in action off Cumberland Head
on Sept. 11, 1814, and he was also promot
ed lieutenant. In 1852 he commanded the
Macedonian in the Japan expedition, and
succeeded Commodore Perry as flag-of
ficer of the squadron. He died Dec. 1,
1855, in Hong Kong, China.
18
HERRI NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ABBOT, JOHN, educator, librarian,
financier. In 1784 he graduated from
Bowdoin college, and during 1787-92 was
a tutor in Harvard
college. For fourteen
years he filled a pro
fessorship in Bow
doin college, and
subsequently became
a trustee and the
T * college treasurer.
>• ...'' For more than a
^fc quarter of a cen-
.jO}' tury he was an
^B • .' officer of Bowdoin
Jj^ college, as professor,
librarian, and treas
urer. For over half a century he was
actively identified with the progressive
welfare of his alma mater, and attained a
national reputation in the educational
world. He died in 1843 in Andover, Mass.
ABBOT, JOSEPH HALE, educator, was
born Sept. 26, 1802, in Wilton, N. H. He
graduated from Bowdoin college in 1822;
was tutor there In 1825-27; and from 1827
to 1833 professor of mathematics and
teacher of modern languages in Phillips
Exeter academy. He then taught a school
for young ladies in Boston, and subse
quently became principal of the high
school of Beverly, Mass. He paid much
attention to the solving of pneumatic and
hydraulic problems, and published In
genious and original speculations on these
subjects. He died April 7, 1873, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
ABBOT, WILLIS JOHN, journalist,
author, was born in 1863 in Connecticut.
He is a journalist of New York city; and
the author of Blue Jackets of 1776; Blue
Jackets of 1812; Blue Jackets of 1861,
three volumes of history for young people;
Battle Fields of 1861; Battle Fields and
Camp Fires; Battle Fields and Victory;
and Life of Carter Harrison.
ABBOTT, ALEXANDER C., physician,
educator, was born Feb. 26, 1860, in Balti
more, Md. He Is the chief of division of
bacteriology, pathology, and disinfection
of the bureau of health of Philadelphia,
Pa.; and fills the chair of hygiene in the
Pennsylvania university.
ABBOTT, AMOS, merchant, congress
man, was born Sept. 10, 1786, in Andover,
Mass. He was educated at a district
school, but spent the most of his life as
a trader and merchant. During the years
1835, 1836, and 1842, he was a representa
tive in the Massachusetts legislature; from
1840 to 1842 was a member of the state
senate; and represented his native state
tn congress from 1843 to 1849. He died
Nov. 2, 1868, in Andover, Mass.
ABBOTT, ARTHUR VAUGHAN, elec
trician, author, was born in 1854 in New
York. He is a civil, electrical, and me
chanical engineer of Chicago; and the
author of Electrical Transmission of En
ergy; The Evolution of a Switchboard;
History and Use of Testing Machines; and
Treatise on Fuel.
ABBOTT, ASA T., soldier, educator, was
born In Sidney, Maine. He served as a
union Mildier in the civil war in the first
ri'Kimont. Minnesota volunteer infantry.
In 1867 he was appointed military com
mandant of Shattuck Military school oy
the secretary of war; and under his com
mand it has been placed at the very head
of the military schools in the United
States.
ABBOTT, AUSTIN, lawyer, author, was
born Dec. 18, 1831, in Boston, Mass. He
was a lawyer of New York city; and was
dean of the Law school of New York
university at the time of his death. Be
sides preparing several works with his
brother Benjamin, he published Legal
Remembrancer, Principles and Forms of
Practice in Civil Actions in Courts ot
Record; The Law of Evidence; Select
Cases on Code Pleading; and a Digest
of New York Statutes. These legal com
pilations are of great value to the pro
fession. He died in 1896.
ABBOTT, BENJAMIN, clergyman, was
born in 1732 on Long Island, N. Y. The
story of his life has for a century been
a typical one for the methodists, of which
denomination he was an early apostle.
He died Aug. 14, 1796, in Salem, N. J.
ABBOTT, BENJAMIN VAUGHAN,
lawyer, author, was born June 4, 1830, in
Boston, Mass. He was a lawyer of New
York city; and the author of Law Dic
tionary; Traveling Law School and Fam
ous Trials; First Lessons in Government
and Law; Patent Laws of All Nations;
Year-Book of Jurisprudence for 1880; and
Judge and Jury. He died Feb. 17, 1890,
in Brooklyn, N. Y.
ABBOTT, CHARLES CONRAD, physi
cian, naturalist, author, was born June 4,
1843, in Trenton, N. J. He is a naturalist
and physician of Trenton, whose writings
show a very close and sympathetic ob
servation of nature. He is the author of
The Stone Age in New Jersey; Primitive
Industry; A Naturalist's Rambles about
Home; Cyclopredia of Natural History;
Upland and Meadow; Wasteland Wan
derings; The Birds About Us; Days Out
of Doors; Outings at Odd Times; Recent
Rambles; Travels in a Treetop; Notes
of the Night; A Colonial Wooing, a novel;
and Bird-Land Echoes.
ABBOTT, CHARLES EDWARD, edu-
rator, author, was born in 1811 in Maine.
He was an educator in Connecticut; and
the author of Down the Hill; and Village
Boys. He died in 1880.
ABBOTT, DAVID, pioneer, was born
Dec. 5, 1765, in Brookfield, Mass. In 1808
he became the first land-owner in what is
now Erie county. He died in 1822.
ABBOTT, EDWARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born July 15, 1841, in Farming-
ton, Maine. He is an episcopal clergy
man of St. James episcopal church of
Cambridge, but prior to 1878 a congrega
tional minister and editor of The Congre-
gationalist. He is the editor of The Liter
ary World; and the author of Dialogues
of Christ; The Long Look series of ju
venile tales; A Trip Eastward; Revolu
tionary Times; Paragraph History of the
United States; and Paragraph History of
the American Revolution.
ABBOTT, ELIZABETH ROBINSON,
educator, was born Sept. 11, 1852. She
has been eminently successful in kinder
garten work; and is secretary of the Con
necticut Valley Kindergarten, association.
She is well known as a writer and speak
er, and was the chief founder of the Wom
an's club of Waterbury, Conn.
ABBOTT, EMMA A., vocalist, was born
Dec. 9, 1849, in Chicago, 111. She was the
daughter of a music teacher, and was edu
cated in part by the aid of Clara Louise
Kellogg. She sang throughout the United
States, and in an incredibly short time
amassed a fortune. Although married to
Mr. E. J. Wetherill, she always retained
her maiden name. She died Jan. 4, 1891,
in Ogden, Utah; and was buried in Glou
cester, Mass.
ABBOTT, FRANK, physician, author,
was born Sept. 5, 1836, in Shapleigh,
Maine. He received his education in the
district and high schools of his native
town, and at the university of the City of
New York. He has attained eminence as
a great physician, and for more than a
quarter of a century has been professor
and dean of faculty of the New York Col
lege of Dentistry. He is the author of
several well-known works.
ABBOTT, JACOB, educator, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 14, 1803, in Hallo-
well, Maine. He was an educator of New
England, who was a voluminous and
popular writer for young people. Among
his numerous writings the best known
are The Franconia Stories; Marco
Paul's Adventures; The Rollo Books;
Histories of Celebrated Sovereigns; and
Harper's Story Books. Few writers
have given to the public a great
er number of volumes. He has ad
dressed himself principally to the young,
with whom his works have been exceed
ingly popular. Nearly all of his books
have been republished in England, and
many have been translated into the vari
ous European and Asiatic languages. The
twenty-eight volumes of Rollo Books are
perhaps his best known. He died Oct. 31,
1879, in Farmington, Maine.
ABBOTT, JO, soldier, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, Hillsboro, Texas, was born
Jan. 15, 1840, near Decatur, Ala. He
served in the Twelfth Texas cavalry,
confederate army, as first lieutenant.
He was elected to the state legisla
ture in 1869 and served one term.
He was appointed by Governor Roberts
judge of the twenty-eighth judicial dis
trict in 1879; was elected to the same po
sition in 1880, and served four years. He
was elected to the Fiftieth, Fifty-first,
Fifty-second, and Fifty-third congresses,
and re-elected to the Fifty-fourth congress
as a democrat.
ABBOTT, JOHN STEVENS CABOT,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Sept. 18, 1805, in Brunswick, Maine. He
was for some years a congregational min
ister, but after 1844 devoted himself to
literature and educational work. Among
his works are comprised The Mother at
Home; Practical Christianity; Romance
of Spanish History; American Pioneers
and Patriots; History of Napoleon; Na
poleon at St. Helena; History of the
French Revolution; History of the Civil
War in America; Lives of the Presidents;
History of Maine from Its Discovery by
Northmen; Christopher Carson; History
of Napoleon III; History of Frederick
the Great; and History of Christianity.
He died June 17, 1877, in Fair Haven,
Conn.
ABBOTT, JOSEPH C., soldier, lawyer,
journalist, United States senator, was
born July 15, 1825, In Concord, N. H. He
^^^ received an academic
_^^H^^ education; read law,
^ffl and was admitted to
ft : the bar in 1852. He
m ^^_ ^> was editor and pro
prietor of the Man
chester American for
VV 5fc ; five years, and sub
sequently editor of
^B the Boston Atlas. He
^M was appointed adju-
^•j tant general of the
^^^H^HJ^^^. state of New Hamp
shire in 1855, and
held the office until 1861, when he re
signed. He raised a regiment of infantry
in 1861; and In 1865 was brevefted
brigadier general for gallant services
in the capture of Fort Fisher. After
leaving the service he removed to
North Carolina and entered into busi
ness; in 1867 was elected to the state
constitutional convention; In 1868 was
elected to the state legislature, and in
1868 was elected to the United States sen
ate as a republican. He died Oct. 8, 1882
in Wilmington, N. C.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
1.9
ABBOTT, JOSIAH GARDNER, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born Nov. 1, 1815, in Chelmsford, Mass.
He received a classical education, gradu
ating from Harvard university in 1832.
He was a representative in the state legis
lature in 1836; a state senator in 1841-42;
was judge of the superior court in 1855;
and successfully contested the seat of
Rufus S. Frost as a representative from
Massachusetts to the Forty-fourth con
gress. He declined the renomination, and
was subsequently a candidate for the
United States senate, and for the govern
orship of Massachusetts. He died June 2,
1891, in Wellesley Hills, Mass.
ABBOTT, LYMAN, lawyer, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born Dec. 18, 1835,
in Roxbury, Mass. He is a congregational
minister of broad views, who as editor of
The Illustrated Christian Weekly and suc
cessor to Henry Ward Beecher as pastor
of Plymouth church of Brooklyn, has ex
ercised a wide influence. He is the author
of Christianity and Social Problems;
Jesus of Nazareth; Old Testament Shad
ows of New Testament Truths; Illustrated
Commentary on the New Testament; A
Layman's Story; How to Study the Bible;
Life of Christ; In Aid of Faith; The
Evolution of Christianity; A Study in
Human Nature; and Dictionary of Re
ligious Knowledge.
ABBOTT, NEHEMIAH, lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born March 29,
1806, in Sidney, Maine. He was a member
of the house of representatives in the
Maine legislature in 1842-43; and was
elected a representative from Maine to
the Thirty-fifth congress.
ABBOTT, RUSSELL BIGELOW, clergy
man, educator, college president, author,
was born Aug. 8, 1823, in Brookville, Ind.
He received his edu
cation at the Indiana
university, and dur-
. ing 1850-55 was prin
cipal of Newcastle
Hh •£. . seminary, and of the
Presbyterian for the
^ two succeeding
jj years. In 1857 he
\ was ordained a
clergyman in the
Presbyterian church,
and filled pastorates
in Brookville in
1857-64; and Knightstown in 1864-66;
when he moved to Minnesota. In 1869 he
was appointed principal of the St. Paul
seminary, when he received a call as
pastor of the presbyterian church of Al
bert Lea, which position he filled till 1884.
Since 1884 he has been president of the
Albert Lea college, and pastor of the
Presbyterian church. He is the author
of History and Analysis of the Books of
the Bible; Biblical History; and other
works.
ABEEL, DAVID, missionary, author,
was born June 12, 1804, in New Bruns
wick, N. J. He was a reformed Dutch
missionary in China; and the author of
Journal of a Residence in China; A Mis
sionary Convention at Jerusalem; and
The Claims of the World to the Gospel.
He died Sept. 4, 1846, in Albany, N. Y.
ABELL, ARUNAH S., founder of the
Baltimore Sun, was born Aug. 8, 1806, in
Providence, R. I. The Baltimore Sun was
established as a penny paper in 1837 and
placed under the special management of
Mr. Abell. Upon this journal he won
distinguished success. In 1868 he bought
the interests of his associates in The
Baltimore Sun. and thenceforward was
sole owner of a property which made the
fortunes of his family. The Baltimore
Sun is now owned by the corporation of
The A. S. Abell Co. He died April 19,
1888, in Baltimore, Md.
ABERCROMBIE, JAMES, congressman,
was born in Georgia. Moving to Alabama,
he was a representative in congress from
that state from 1851 to 1855.
ABERCROMBIE, JAMES, clergyman,,
was born in 1758 in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was principal of the Philadelphia acad
emy from 1810 to 1819, and retired from
the ministry in 1833. He published Lec
tures on the Catechism; and several ser
mons. He died June 26, 1841, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
ABERCROMBIE, JOHN JOSEPH, sol
dier, was born 1802, in Tennessee. In 1822
he graduated from West Point; served in
the Florida, Mexican and civil wars; and
was brevetted brigadier-general. He re
tired in 1865; and died Jan. 3, 1877, in
Roslyn, N. Y.
ABERNETHY, ALONZO, soldier, edu
cator, college president, was born April
14, 1836, in Sandusky county, Ohio. He
received his early
education in the pub
lic schools of Belle-
Tue, Ohio. In 1854
he moved with his
parents to Illyria,
Iowa, in which state
he attended the Bur
lington academy;
and subsequently en
tered the university
of Chicago, from
which he graduated
in 1866. He served
as a union soldier during the civil war, en
listing in company F, Ninth Iowa volun
teer infantry, serving four years, going
out as a private and returning as lieu
tenant-colonel in command; and was
twice wounded. He was in forty battles,
including Pea Ridge, Vicksburg, Brandon,
and Atlanta. In 1866 he represented his
county in the lower house of the Eleventh
general assembly. In 1870 he was elected
principal of the Des Moines Baptist col
lege, served one year, and has been a
member of its board of trustees continu
ously since. In 1871 he was elected su
perintendent of public instruction of
Iowa; was re-elected in 1873, and again
in 1875. In 1876 he served as president of
the university of Chicago; and since 1881
he has been connected with the Cedar
Valley seminary of Osage, Iowa.
ABERNETHY, GEORGE, governor of
Oregon, was born in 1807 in Scotland. He
came to the United States with his par
ents in 1809, and settled in New York
state. In 1840 he moved to Oregon, and
was governor of Oregon during 1845-49,
before the creation of Oregon as a ter
ritory. He died in 1877 in Portland, Ore.
ABERT, BYRON D. L., soldier, business
man, was born Dec. 2, 1841, in Milwaukee,
Wis. He enlisted in the Twenty-fourth
Wisconsin infantry regiment of volun
teers, in which he became corporal of
company E. In 1864 he was promoted to
first lieutenant; and in 1865 was elected
superintendent of the county poor.
ABERT, GEORGE, pioneer, state legis
lator, was born May 10, 1817, in France.
He helped to build up Milwaukee; and in
1839 erected the first bakery on the west
side of the present city of Milwaukee. In
1846 he was chosen alderman; and for
six terms during 1861-72 he was a member
of the state legislature. In 1865 he es
tablished the first iron foundry. He died
Oct. 14, 1890, in Milwaukee, Wis.
ABERT, GEORGE A., business man,
state senator, was born Oct. 22, 1840, in
Milwaukee, Wis. In 1877-78 he was state
senator from the seventh Wisconsin dis
trict; and in 1879 he served as a city com
missioner of public works of Milwaukee
Wis.
ABERT, JAMES WILLIAM, soldier
was born Nov. 18, 1820, in Mount Holly,
N. J. He served through the civil war;
attained the rank of major of the United
States engineers, and resigned from the
army in 1864. He was examiner of patents
in Washington; and later professor of
mathematics and drawing in the univer
sity of Missouri at Rolla.
ABERT, JOHN B., soldier, mechanic
was born May 16, 1848, in Milwaukee, Wis!
He was noted as an expert mechanic. In
1864 he enlisted in the Forty-fifth Wiscon
sin regiment of volunteers and served un
til the close of the war.
ABERT, JOHN JAMES, soldier was
born Sept. 17, 1788, in Shepherdtown, Va.
In 1829 he succeeded to the charge of the
topographical bureau at Washington, and
in 1838 became colonel in command of
that branch of the engineers. He was re
tired in 1861 after long and faithful ser
vice. Colonel Abert was associated in
the supervision of many of the earlier
national works of engineering, and his
reports prepared for the government are
standards of authority. He was a mem
ber of several scientific societies, and was
one of the organizers of the national in
stitute of science, which was subsequent
ly merged into the Smithsonian institute.
He died Sept. 27, 1863, in Washington
D. C.
ABERT, SILVANUS THAYER, civil en
gineer, author, was born July 22, 1828, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a civil engineer
in the United States service; and the au
thor of Notes Historical and Statistical
upon the Projected Route for an Inter-
oceanic Canal between the Atlantic and
Pacific.
ABERT, WILLIAM, soldier, was born
Nov. 18, 1820, in Mount Holly, N. J. He
graduated from West Point in 1842. After
service in the infantry he was transferred
to the topographical engineers, and was
engaged on the survey of the northern
lakes in 1843-44. He then served on the
expedition to New Mexico, and published
a report. From 1848 to 1850 he was as
sistant in drawing at West Point, and
from 1851 to 1860 he was engaged in the
improvement of western rivers. During
the civil war he served with distinction.
ABERT, WILLIAM STONE, lawyer,
was born July 27, 1845, in Washington,
D. C. He is a prominent lawyer of Wash
ington; and among the notable cases in
which he has figured may be mentioned
The Washington city postoffice case and
the Powell will case.
ABERT, WILLIAM STRETCH, soldier,
was born Feb. 1, 1836, in Washington,
D. C. He served in the civil war; was
brevetted major in 1862; and brigadier-
general in 1865. He died Aug. 25, 1867, in
Galveston, Texas.
ABRAHAM, ABRAHAM, merchant,
was born March 9, 1843, in New York
city. He became senior partner of the
present firm of Abraham and Straus, dry
goods merchants. He is an excellent mer
chant, and his store is now the leading
bazaar of Brooklyn, N. Y., employing
more than two thousand persons, and
covering about thirty city lots.
ABRAHAM, WOODWARD, journalist,
business man, was born Oct. 2, 1814, in
Maryland. He was for a time one of the
publishers of two Baltimore journals,
The Eastern Express and The Kaleido
scope; but of later years he has devoted
himself to the management of an ex
tensive ice business.
20
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ACHESON, ERNEST F., journalist,
congressman, was born Sept. 19, 1855, in
Washington, Pa. He was educated at
Washington and Jef-
^^ff - -•^•MHM ferson college; read
I law and was admit-
I ted to the bar in
I 1877; and in 1879
1^—^ I purchased The
Washington Observ-
I er, of which he has
I since been editor.
I He was elected presi-
I dent of the Pennsyl-
/^^ I vania Editorial as-
^^H sociation in January,
1893, and in June of
the same year was chosen as recording
secretary of the National Editorial asso
ciation. For ten years he was a mem
ber of the republican state committee;
was a delegate to the republican national
conventions at Chicago in 1884 and at St.
Louis in 1896; was elected to the Fifty-
fourth; and re-elected to the Fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
ACHESON, MARCUS W., lawyer, jurist,
was born in Pennsylvania. He settled at
Pittsburg, in the practice of his profes
sion. In 1880 he was appointed United
States district judge for the western dis
trict of Pennsylvania, residing in Wash
ington, Pa.
ACHESON, SARAH C., temperance
worker, was born Feb. 20, 1844, in Wash
ington, Pa. She has been a power in
temperance work in the state of Texas,
and has been state president of the Wom
an's Christian Temperance union. She
resides with her husband, Dr. Acheson, in
Denison, Texas.
ACHESON, THOMAS DAVIS, clergy
man, missionary, was born Dec. 8, 1858,
in Canada. For eight years he was a mis
sionary, until he accepted the pastorate of
the presbyterian church of East Grand
Forks, Minn., where his eloquence has
made him popular throughout the state.
ACKEN, WILLIAM HENRY, business
man, was born Jan. 11, 1833, in New
Brunswick, N. J. He was elected treas
urer of the New York rubber company,
and so remained until 1883, when he was
elected president of the company.
ACKER, DAVID D., merchant, was born
June 13, 1822, in Bergen county, N. J.
In 1868 he entered the mercantile busi
ness; was vice-president of the New York
National Exchange bank; and an active
and Influential member of the Produce
and Mercantile Exchanges and Chamber
of Commerce. He died March 23, 1888, in
New York city.
ACKER, EPHRAIM L., educator, jour
nalist, congressman, was born Jan. 11,
1827, in Marlborough township, Pa. He
was editor and publisher of The Norris-
town Register. He was superintendent
of common schools for Montgomery coun
ty from 1854 to 1860; and was appointed
postmaster at Norristown in 1860. He
was inspector of Montgomery county pris
on three years; and was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the Forty-
second congress.
ACKEUMAN, AMOS T., lawyer, was
born in 1819, in New Hampshire. He re
ceived a good education; studied law,
and came to the bar in 1841. In 1850 he
moved to Georgia and settled in Elberton,
where he practiced his profession. In
1866 he was appointed United States at
torney for the district of Georgia, and re
mained in office until 1870; in that year
he was appointed attorney-general of the
United States, and continued In that posi
tion until 1872.
ACKERMAN, CHRISTIAN, manufac
turer, legislator, was born Sept. 4, 1850, in
Hanover, Germany. He was elected to
the Wisconsin state assembly from She-
boygan in 1894; and received the re-elec
tion in 1896.
ACKERMAN, ERNEST ROBINSON,
manufacturer, was born June 17, 1863,
in New York city. In 1891 he was
elected to the presi
dency of The Law
rence Cement Co.,
which produces five
thousand barrels per
&•> ' day, nearly an eighth
of the whole product
in this country. The
works of the com
pany extend four
miles on the Ron-
dout creek in Ulster
county, N. Y. The
mills, kilns, store
houses, repair shops, cooper shops, rail
roads and mines, constitute an extensive
plant, requiring the services of about a
thousand men. A fleet of twenty-five
canal boats, built by the company, trans
ports the product to market by way of
The Delaware and Hudson canal and the
Hudson river, and a large number of out
side vessels find desirable employment in
the same business.
ACKERMAN, JESSIE, temperance ad
vocate, was born July 4, 1860. She is a
world's temperance missionary under the
auspices of the Good Templars and the
W. C. T. U.; and has traveled in Aus
tralia, China, Japan, Slam, India, Africa,
and other lands. Her report in the spring
of 1896 shows 200,000 miles traveled; 502
cities visited; 1,417 meetings held; 1,317
lectures and addresses delivered; 9,000
white ribbons distributed; 2,000 men
pledged to abstinence; 647 Good Templars
initiated; and much other active temper
ance work performed.
ACKERMAN, JOHN C., merchant, legis
lator, was born March 21, 1853, in Lu-
zerne county, Pa. He was elected to the
Pennsylvania house of representatives in
1896.
ACKLEN, JOSEPH HAYES, lawyer,
legislator, was born May 20, 1850, in Nash
ville, Tenn., the eldest son of Joseph A.
S. Acklen and Adelicia Hayes. He was
educated during early life by private tutor,
subsequently at Burlington college, New
Jersey. He graduated in two foreign uni
versities, acquiring a thorough knowledge
of both German and French; and finally
graduated from the law school of Leban
on, Tenn. Since 1871 he has been actively
engaged in the practice of law. He was
elected as a democrat and served in the
Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth congresses
from the Third district of Louisiana. In
1884 he returned to Nashville, where he
has successfully engaged in the practice
of his profession. His writings and
speeches on political questions have at
tracted widespread attention.
ACKLEY, HORACE A., physician, was
born in 1815, in Genesee county, N. Y.
He gave a course of lectures in Willough-
by Medical college in 1836. He lived in
Toledo for three years, and in 1842 set
tled in Cleveland, in which city he filled
the chair of surgery in the Cleveland Med
ical college until 1858, when he resigned.
Here he died April 24, 1859.
ACTON, THOMAS COXTON, banker,
was born Feb. 23, 1823, in New York city.
In 1860 he became commissioner of the
New York metropolitan police, and two
years later was president of that board,
where he remained for seven years, in
which office he did good service in sup
pressing the draft riots. In 1870 he was
appointed superintendent of the United
States assay office, which post he held for
twelve years. He became United States
assistant treasurer at New York in 1882,
and since 1887 has been president of the
bank of New Amsterdam.
ADAIR, GEORGE WASHINGTON, cap
italist, was born March 1, 1823, in Mor
gan county, Ga. He has been one of the
builders of every Atlanta enterprise; pro
moter of the Atlanta cotton factory; pres
ident of the Georgia Pacific railroad;
president of the Tallapoosa Land com
pany; and director of a number of pros
perous corporations.
ADAIR, JAMES, Indian trader, author.
He was a trader with the Indians of the
southern states, and for forty years lived
exclusively among them. He is the au
thor of a volume entitled The History of
Ihe American Indians.
ADAIR, JOHN, soldier, legislator,
United States senator, was born in 1759,
in Chester county, S. C. He emigrated to
Kentucky in 1787; served as a major in
the border warfare of the time; was elect
ed to the Kentucky legislature, serving
one year as speaker; in 1799 was a mem
ber of the convention which formed the
state constitution; subsequently held the
office of register of the land office in Ken
tucky; and was a senator of the United
States from Kentucky during the years
1805 and 1806. He commanded the Ken
tucky troops at the battle of New Orleans
under General Jackson, and was appoint
ed a general in the army. He was elected
a representative in congress from Ken
tucky from 1831 to 1833. He died May 19,
1840, in Harrisburg, Ky.
ADAIR, WILLIAM, horticulturist, state
senator, was born in 1815, near Glasgow,
Scotland. In 1834 he settled in Detroit,
Mich.; worked as a carpenter until 1840;
when he began business as a gardener
and horticulturist. He held several local
positions of honor in Detroit, among
them president of the Detroit Mechanics'
society and president of St. Andrew's so
ciety. He was state senator of Michigan
for nine years during 1861-77.
ADAMS, ABIGAIL SMITH, author, was
born Nov. 23, 1744, in Weymouth, Mass.
Her father was the Rev. William Smith,
for fortyyears
a congregat i o n a 1
clergyman of Wey
mouth. She was the
wife of President
John Adams, to
whom she was mar
ried Oct. 25, 1764.
She was endowed
with intellectual
gifts, tact, and prac
tical knowledge, and
eminently qualified
to be the companion
of her husband; and was also an inspira
tion to her gifted son. She is known to
literature by her entertaining Letters, ed
ited by her grandson. She died Oct. 28,
1818, in Quincy, Mass.
ADAMS, ALBERT BRINSMADE, edu
cator, clergyman, poet, was born Nov. 11,
1856, in Kalamazoo county, Mich. He
graduated from the Vickshurg high
school, Michigan; and for eight years
taught school in Mills county, Iowa. He
now fills a pastorate in Little Sioux, Iowa,
and has attained success as a clergyman
and evangelist. He Is the author of sev
eral meritorious poems, the most notable
of which is The Honored Brave.
ADAMS, ALLEN WILLSON, merchant,
was born June 25, 1848, in Hampton, N.
Y. He is a merchant of New York city,
and for several years past has done a
large and successful business.
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ADAMS, ALVA, merchant, legislator,
governor of Colorado, was born May 14,
1850, in Iowa county, Wis. In 1876 he
served with distinction as a member of
the first Colorado state legislature; was
elected governor of that state and served
during 1887-89; and was again elected to
that high office for the term of 1897-99.
He has also attained success as a hard
ware merchant of Pueblo.
ADAMS, ALVIN, founder of the Ad
ams Express company, was born June 16,
1804. In 1840 Alvin Adams engaged in
the then novel specialty of forwarding
parcels, money, and valuable merchandise
between Boston and New York by way of
Worcester, Norwich and New London,
beginning in a little store in Boston.
Later he formed the partnership of Ad
ams and Co., with Ephraim Farnsworth,
the latter taking charge of the New York
office, and being succeeded at his death
soon afterwards by William B. Dinsmore.
In 1854 Mr. Adams effected a union of
four concerns under the name of The
Adams Express Co., and became president
of the organization. He died Sept. 2,
1877, in Watertown, Mass.
ADAMS, AMOS, clergyman, was born
Sept. 1, 1728, in Medfleld, Mass. He gradu
ated at Harvard in 1752, and in Septem
ber of the following year became pastor
of a church in Roxbury, which he served
until his death. He was secretary of the
convention of ministers at Watertown,
which in 1775 recommended the people to
take up arms. Many of his sermons were
published from 1756 to 1769, as well as
two discourses on Religious Liberty. The
most notable of his writings were two
discourses on the general fast, 6 April,
1769, in which he gave A Concise Histor
ical View of the Difficulties, Hardships,
and Perils which Attended the Planting
and Progressive Improvement in New
England, with a Particular Account of Its
Long and Destructive Wars. He died Oct.
5, 1775, in Dorchester, Mass.
ADAMS, ANDREW, lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born in January, 1736, in Strat
ford, Conn. He graduated from Yale col
lege in 1760; adopted the profession of
the law, and settled in the practice in
Litchfleld in 1764. From 1777 to 1782 he
was a delegate from Connecticut to the
continental congress, and was one of the
signers of the articles of confederation.
In 1789 he was appointed a judge of the
supreme court of Connecticut, and in
1793 chief justice of said court. He died
Nov. 26, 1797, in Litchfield, Conn.
ADAMS, AUSTIN, lawyer, jurist, was
born May 24, 1826, in Andover, Vt. His
life is interwoven with the educational
history of Vermont and Iowa. Eight
generations before him his grandfathers
without a break have been presidents of
educational institutions where they lived.
He graduated from Dartmouth college,
and from Harvard Law school. He was a
prominent educator; president of the pub
lic school board of Dubuque, Iowa; regent
of the state university of Iowa; a suc
cessful lawyer and law lecturer; and
judge of the supreme court of Iowa for
twelve years. When chief justice he ad
mitted the first woman to practice be
fore the supreme court; and always in
sisted that the true wife and' mother
should enter fully into the intellectual life
of her life companion. He was a man of
rare literary attainments, and left a vol
ume of poems. He died in October, 1890.
ADAMS, BENJAMIN, legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1765 in Worcester,
Mass. He was a member of the legisla
ture; as representative from 1809-14; and
as senator in 1814-15, and 1822-25. He
was a representative in congress from his
native state from 1816-21. He died March
28, 1837, in Uxbridge, Mass.
ADAMS, BLANCHE HERMINE, edu
cator, poet, and daughter of Major Enoch
George Adams, was born Oct. 22, 1871,
in Vancouver, Wash. In 1885 she moved
to South Berwick, Maine, and in 1890
graduated from the Berwick academy.
She has become a successful teacher,
and holds high rank as an elocution
ist. She is the author of several prize
stories, and her poems have appeared in
several standard works.
ADAMS, BROOKS, lawyer, author, was
born June 24, 1848, in Quincy, Mass. He
graduated from Harvard in 1870, and is a
successful lawyer of Boston. He is the
author of The Gold Standard; The Eman
cipation of Massachusetts, a careful study
of the evolution of religious freedom; and
The Law of Civilization and Decay, an
Essay in History.
ADAMS, CHARLES, lawyer, author,
was born March 12, 1785, in Arlington,
Vt. He became a prominent lawyer, and
was a constant contributor to newspapers
on political questions. He was the friend
and adviser of General Wool during the
Canadian difficulties of 1838, and wrote
a history of the events connected with
that rebellion. He died r eb. 13, 1861, in
Burlington, .Vt.
ADAMS, CHARLES, clergyman, author,
was born in 1808, in New Hampshire. He
was a methodist clergyman who wrote ex
tensively, and among whose works are
Evangelism in the Middle of the Nine
teenth Century; Women of the Bible;
The Poet Preacher, a Memorial of Charles
Wesley; The Earth and Its Wonders;
Life of Cromwell; and Life Sketches of
Macaulay. He died in 1890.
ADAMS, CHARLES BAKER, naturalist,
author, was born Jan. 11, 1814, in Dor
chester, Mass. He was a naturalist, and
published Contributions to Conchology;
and Monographs of Several Species of
Shells. He died Jan. 19, 1853, in St.
Thomas, W. I.
ADAMS, CHARLES COFFIN, clergy
man, author, was born in 1826. He was an
episcopal clergyman; and the author of
Creation, a Recent Work of God; Life of
Christ; Anthroposophy; and The Bible, a
Scientific Revelation. He died in 1888.
ADAMS, CHARLES FOLLEN, soldier,
poet, was born April 21, 1842, in Dorchest
er, Mass. He is principally known as the
author of Leedle
Yawcob Strauss;
Leedle Yawcob
Strauss, and Other
Poems; Dialect Bal
lads; and other
works. He served
gallantly as a soldier
during the civil war
in the thirteenth
regiment Massachu
setts volunteer in
fantry. He has de
livered many of his
original productions before Boston audi
ences, in which city he is a successful
merchant.
ADAMS, CHARLES FRANCIS, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, author, was born
Aug. 18, 1807, in Boston, Mass. He spent
the most of his boyhood in St. Petersburg
and London, whilst his father, John
Quincy Adams, was minister to Russia
and England. He graduated from Har
vard university in 1825; studied law, and
was admitted to the bar in 1828. He served
three years in the lower house, and two
years in the upper house of the Massa
chusetts legislature. In 1848 he was a
delegate to the Buffalo convention, and
elected president; was the candidate for
vice-president on the ticket with Mr. Van
Buren; was elected a representative from
Massachusetts to the thirty-sixth con
gress, and received the re-election to the
thirty-seventh congress. One of the most
noted events of his life was his appoint
ment as minister to England during the
civil war in America, and though encoun
tering the most bitter social hostility in
England, he maintained the right of his
country, and exercised the grandest qual
ities of true statesmanship just where and
when they were of priceless value. He
edited The Life and Works of John Ad
ams; Letters of Mrs. Abigail Adams; Life
and Works of John Q. Adams; and Fa
miliar Letters of John and Abigail Ad
ams, with Memoir of Mrs. Adams. He
died Nov. 21, 1886, in Boston, Mass.
ADAMS, CHARLES FRANCIS, JR.,
soldier, railroad president, author, was
born May 27, 1835, in Boston, Mass. He
was an officer in the union army during
the civil war, and subsequently an expert
in railway science and president of the
Union Pacific railway. Since resigning
that office he has devoted his attention to
historical writing, his estimates of men
and motives, often differing materially
from those of other writers in the same
field. He is the author of Notes on Rail
way Accidents; Chapters of Erie; Rail
roads; A College Fetich; Massachusetts,
Its Historians and Its History; Three
Episodes of Massachusetts History; Rich
ard Henry Dana [infra], a Biography;
and Life of Charles Francis Adams.
ADAMS, CHARLES H., lawyer, manu
facturer, state senator, congressman, was
born in 1824, in Coxsackie, N. Y. He stud
ied law and practiced until 1850, when he
engaged in manufacturing at Cohoes, N.
Y.; and served as trustee and president
of the water board in that place before it
was made a city. In 1851 he served as aid
to the governor. In 1857 he was elected a
member of the assembly; was state sen
ator in 1872 and 1873; and was a member
of the republican national convention in
1872. For a long time he was president
of the National Bank of Cohoes, and was
the first mayor of the city. He was elect
ed a representative from New York to the
forty-fourth congress.
ADAMS, CHARLES KENDALL, edu
cator, college president, author, was born
Jan. 24, 1835, in Derby, Vt. He received
his education in the
" university of Michi
gan, college do
France, and the uni
versities of Leipzig,
Berlin, Bonn, Mun
ich, Rome and Paris.
During 1862-67 he
was assistant profes
sor of history and
' jfllB latin in ttle univer"
f ' ^fl I sity of Michigan;
/ , J I and during 1867-85
filled the chair ot
history in the same institution. During
1885-92 he was president of Cornell uni
versity; and since the latter year has
been president of the university of Wis
consin. By founding an historical sem
inary in the university of Michigan in
1869, he became the first introducer of the
German seminary method of teaching in
the United States. He was at one time
dean of political science in the university
of Michigan; and has been president of
the American Historical association. His
best known works are Manual of Histor
ical Literature; Democracy and Monarchy
in France; and Christopher Columbus.
He was also the editor-in-chief of John
son's Universal Cyclopedia.
22
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ADAMS, DANIEL, physician, state sen
ator, author, was born Sept. 29, 1773, in
Townsend, Mass. He taught a select
school in Boston in 1806-13; practiced
medicine in Lancaster, Boston, and Keene,
N. H.; was state senator in New Hamp
shire in 1838-40; and was president of the
New Hampshire Medical and Bible soci
eties. Besides an arithmetic, which was
extensively used, and other school books,
he published an oration at Leominster on
the death of Washington; edited the Tele
scope of Mt. Vernon, and the Medical and
Agricultural Register of Boston. He died
June 8, 1864, in Keene, N. H.
ADAMS, EDWARD DEAN, banker,
scientist, was born April 9, 1846, in Bos
ton, Mass. He received his education at
the Chauncey Hall school of his native
city, and at the Norwich university of
Vermont. He has been president, direc
tor and trustee of many railroads, scien
tific and art organizations; was manag
ing partner of the New York banking
house of Winslow, Lanier and Co.; presi
dent of companies developing Niagara
Falls power; chairman of the board of
directors of the Northern Pacific Railway
company, and chairman of the board of
directors of the American Cotton Oil
company. He was the author and execu
tor of plans for the reorganization of the
Central Railroad of New Jersey, the West
Shore Railroad company, the Northern
Pacific Railroad company, the American
Cotton Oil Trust, and numerous other
companies.
ADAMS, EDWIN, comedian, was born
Feb. 3, 1834, in Medford, Mass. He has
attained success in all the large cities of
the United States as an accomplished
light comedian. He died Oct. 28, 1877, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
ADAMS, ELMER B., lawyer, jurist, was
born Oct. 27, 1842, in Pomfret, Vt. He
was educated at Yale college and Harvard
law school; in 1868 removed to Missouri,
being engaged in general practice of law
except from 1879-85, during which time
he was one of the circuit judges of St.
Louis. In 1895 he was appointed judge of
the United States district court of Mis
souri, eastern district.
ADAMS, EZRA EASTMAN, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 29, 1813, in Con
cord, N. H. He was made professor of
theology In Lincoln university, Pa.; and
in 1870 became editorially connected with
the Presbyterian of Philadelphia. He died
Nov. 3, 1871, in Oxford, Pa.
ADAMS, F. W., physician, musician, was
born in 1787. He was a good performer on
the violin, and early turned his attention
to violin-making. He died in 1859, in
Montpelier, Vt.
ADAMS, FLORENCE ADELAIDE
FOWLE, dramatic reader, teacher, author,
was born Oct. 15, 1863, in Chelsea, Mass.
In 1884 she graduated from the Boston
School of Oratory; and in 1888 was mar
ried to George Adams, a direct descend
ant of the statesmen and presidents of
that name. She is the author of Gestures
and Pantomimic Action; and still pur
sues her chosen line of work.
ADAMS, FRANCIS, farmer, merchant,
state senator, was born in April, 1862. He
was elected a member of the Florida state
senate from Hamilton in 1894; and in his
town and county has filled numerous of
fices of honor.
ADAMS. FRANCIS ALEXANDRE,
journalist, orator, was born May 11, 1874.
in New York city. In 1890 he edited and
published the Gotham Monthly, which
was the pioneer genealogical periodical in
America, anil which in 1891, under the
title of Adams' Magazine, became the
official exponent of the Daughters of the
American Revolution. He has gained
prominence as an orator, and in 1896 was
appointed a campaign speaker by the New
York democratic party.
ADAMS, FRANCIS COLBURN, author,
was born in 1850. He was a writer of
Charleston, S. C., and wrote under various
pseudonyms. He was the author of Man
uel Pereira, or the Sovereign Rule of
South Carolina; Uncle Tom at Home;
Our World, or the Democrats' Rule; Jus
tice in the Byways; Life and Adventures
of Major Potter; An Outcast, a novel;
The Story of a Trooper; Siege of Wash
ington, for Little People; and The Von
Toodleburgs, or the Memoirs of a Very
Distinguished Family.
ADAMS, FRANKLIN GEORGE, author,
was born May 13, 1824, in Rodman, N. Y
In 1876, at the beginning of the work of
the Kansas State Historical society, he
was appointed secretary, a position which
he still holds. He has been editor of sev
eral newspapers; and is the author of a
volume entitled Homestead Guide.
ADAMS, GEORGE, jurist, was a citizen
of Mississippi. He was appointed United
States judge for the district embracing
that state, and resided at Natchez.
ADAMS, GEORGE, soldier, merchant,
banker, was born Sept. 13, 1834, in Balti
more, Md. He received his education in
the Baltimore schools and at the Newton
university. In 1852 he moved to Wheel
ing, W. Va., where he subsequently en
gaged in the grocery and commission
business. In 1864 he organized the First
National bank of Wheeling; and for many
years was president of one of the largest
banking institutions of that city. Dur
ing the civil war he served as captain
and subsequently as colonel of the fifth
regiment of West Virginia militia, an or
ganization that gave good service in de
fense of the union. He has been president
of the Wheeling Library association;
president of the Buckeye Glass company;
and of various other institutions.
ADAMS, GEORGE BURTON, educator,
author, was born in 1S51 in Vermont. He
is an historical writer; professor of his
tory at Yale university; and the author of
Civilization During the Middle Ages; and
The Growth of the French Nation.
ADAMS, GEORGE ENOCH, soldier,
journalist, poet, was born in Bow, N. H.
In 1849 he graduated from Yale college,
and then taught school in New Hamp
shire, Massachusetts, Maryland and Mis
souri. In 1861 he enlisted in Company
D, second regiment New Hampshire vol
unteer infantry; he was afterward
wounded at the battle of Williamsburg,
the bullet still remaining in his body.
He was in the peach orchard at the battle
of Gettysburg. In 1865 he commanded at
Fort Rice, D. T., where he met and van
quished the famous Sitting Bull and ten
thousand warriors. He was mustered out
of service as captain and brevet major.
For a number of years he was editor and
owner of the Vancouver Register. W. T.,
where he was also register of the land
office. He next published the Columbian
of St. Helena, Ore., where he was also
justice of the peace, and filled various
other public positions of trust. Major Ad
ams is a brilliant lecturer, and a poet of
excellence.
ADAMS, GEORGE EVERETT, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born June
18, 1840. in Keene, N. H. He removed to
Chicago in 1853: graduated from Harvard
university in 1860; studied law at Dane
law school, and was admitted to the bar
in 1865. and engaged in practice at Chi
cago. In 1880 he was elected a state sen
ator for a term of five years; was elected
a representative from Illinois to the
Forty-eighth congress; and was re-elected
to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth and Fifty-
first congresses.
ADAMS, GEORGE M. soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 20, 1837, in
Knox county, Ky. He was educated at
Centre college; studied law; was clerk of
the circuit court of Knox county from
1859 to 1861; subsequently served for a '
few months as a captain in the union
army; and was an additional paymaster
of volunteers from 1861 to 1865. He was
elected a representative from Kentucky
to the Fortieth congress, and re-elected
to the three succeeding congresses. In
1875 he was elected clerk of the house of
representatives of the Forty-fourth con
gress.
ADAMS, GREEN, lawyer, legislator,
jurist, congressman, was born Aug. 20,
1812, in Barboursville, Ky. He was bred
a farmer; read law and adopted that pro
fession. In 1832-33 he was deputy sheriff
of Knox county; in 1839 was elected to
the state legislature, and was re-elected;
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1847-49; was a presiden
tial elector in 1844 and 1856, and a judge
of the circuit court of Kentucky from
1851-56. In 1859 he was elected a repre
sentative from Kentucky to the Thirty-
sixth congress; in 1861 was appointed
sixth auditor of the United States treas
ury; and was disbursing clerk in the
house of representatives at Washington
from 1875 to 1881. He died Jan. 18, 1884.
ADAMS, HANNAH, the first woman in
the United States to make a profession o£
literature, was born in 1755 in Medfield,
Mass. After the civil war she opened a
school to prepare young men for college.
Her principal work appeared in 1784, en
titled A View of Religious Opinions; and
a fourth edition of that work was entitled
A Dictionary of Religions. She was also
the author of A History of New Eng
land; Evidences of Christianity; History
of the Jews; and Letters on the Gospel.
She died Nov. 15, 1832, in Brookline, Mass.
ADAMS, HENRY, author, was born
Feb. 16, 1838, in Boston, Mass. He is an
historian and political biographer, living
in Washington; and the author of Life of
John Randolph; Life of Albert Gallatin;
and other works.
ADAMS, HENRY CARTER, author, was
born in 1852 in Iowa. He is a political
economist of note; and the author of
Public Debts, an Essay in the Science of
Finance; and Taxation in the United
States, 1789-1816.
ADAMS, HENRY H., merchant, was
born July 9, 1844, in Collamer, Ohio. In
1882 he became associated with the Cole-
rain Company of Reading, Pa.; and three
years later settled in New York city, en
gaging there in the iron business. In 1890
he was elected president of the Columbus
and Hocking Iron and Coal Company;
and in 1891 became president of the Henry
H. Adams Company of New York city.
ADAMS, HERBERT BAXTER, edu
cator, author, was born April 16, 1850, in
Amher&t, Mass. He is a professor of his
tory at Johns Hopkins university, and the
secretary of the American Historical asso
ciation from its beginning. He is the
author of The Germanic Origin of New
England Towns; Saxon Tithingmen in
America; Norman Constables in America;
Village Communities of Cape Ann and
Salem; Thomas Jefferson and the Uni
versity of Virginia; Methods of Historical
Study; and History of the United States
Constitution. He has edited the Life and
Writings of Jared Sparks.
KERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ADAMS, ISAAC, physician, legislator,
was born April 23, 1767, in Andover, Mass.
He was one of the committee on education
in the Michigan house of representatives.
He assisted in preparing the bill to estab
lish the university of Michigan, and took
an active interest in that institution dur
ing his life. He died in 1852, in Trov
Mich.
ADAMS, ISAAC, inventor, state senator,
was born 1803 in Rochester, N. H. In 1828
he invented the printing-press that bears
his name. It was introduced in 1830, and
came into almost universal use, being still
so popular as to warrant its manufacture
in more than thirty different sizes. He
improved it in 1834, making it substan
tially what it now is. He was a member
of the Massachusetts state senate in 1840.
He died July 19, 1883, in Sandwich, N. H.
ADAMS, JAMES HOPKINS, state sen
ator, governor of South Carolina, was
born about 1811 in South Carolina. He
graduated from Yale college in 1831; was
a member of the legislature and senate of
South Carolina, and was governor of that
state from 1855 to 1857. After the seces
sion of South Carolina from the union he
was one of the commissioners appointed
to confer with the president concerning
United States property in South Carolina.
He died July 27, 1861, near Columbia, S. C.
ADAMS, JAMES W., journalist, state
senator, was born Jan. 16, 1865, in Hawes-
ville, Ky. He is the editor of the Daily
Graphic, and served as state senator in
the Kentucky legislature in 1893. One of
the principal events of his public life is
his world's fair speech in the Kentucky
state senate in 1893.
ADAMS, JANE KELLEY, educator, was
born Oct. 30, 1852, in Woburn, Mass. In
1875 she graduated from Vassar college,
and has since been interested in educa
tional work. In 1881 she became the wife
of Charles Day Adams, a noted lawyer of
Boston, Mass. During 1886-87 she was
president of the Woburn Woman's club,
and was one of the founders of the Wo
burn Home for Aged Women, of which
she has been vice-president.
ADAMS, JASPER, educator, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 27, 1793, in Med-
way, Mass. He was an episcopal clergy
man, once noted as an educator at West
Point, Charleston, and elsewhere, and
published The Elements of Moral Phil
osophy, and other works. He died Oct.
25, 1841, in Charleston, S. C.
ADAMS, JEWETT W., governor. He
was elected governor of Nevada for the
term of four years from January, 1883.
ADAMS, JOHN, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Greene
county, N. Y., from 1833 to 1835. He died
Sept. 28, 1854, in Catskill, N. Y.
ADAMS, JOHN, second president of the
United States, was born Oct. 30, 1735, in
Braintree, Mass. He graduated from Har
vard college in 1755;
chose law as a pro
fession; and was ad
mitted to the bar in
1761. In 1764 he mar
ried Abigail Smith,
an a c c o m p 1 ished
daughter' of the Rev.
William Smith. In
1770 he was chosen
representative from
Boston in the Massa
chusetts assembly,
and in 1774 he was
elected to the first continental congress.
He was re-elected in 1776, and was one of
the committee which drafted the declara
tion of independence in June of that year.
Adams was appointed as commissioner to
the court of France in December, 1777,
and returned in 1779. After his return he
was chosen a member of the Massachu
setts convention for framing a constitu
tion, and on the 29th of September, 1779,
he was appointed minister plenipotentiary
to treat with Great Britain for peace and
commerce. He was soon after appointed
minister to Holland, and recalled in July,
1781, to Paris. In January, 1785, he was
appointed minister to England, and oc
cupied that post until 1788, when he re
signed and returned home. He was elect
ed first vice-president of the United
States, and took the oath of office April
21, 1789, which office he held, by re-elec
tion, until March 4, 1797. He was elected
president in 179C, and took the oath of
office March 4, 1797, at Philadelphia. He
was defeated for a re-election, and, at the
close of his official term, he retired to
his farm at Quincy. John Adams held
office over twenty-five years, and died
moderately well off, on July 4, 1826, with
the same words on his lips which, fifty
years before, on that day, he had uttered
on the floor of congress: Independence
forever! His principal publications were:
Letters on the American Revolution; De
fense of the American Constitutions; an
Essay on Canon and Feudal Law; a series
of letters under the signature of Novang-
lus; and Discourses on Davila. It was
as vice-president that he had a seat in
the senate. In 1856 his life and writings
were published in ten volumes, edited by
his grandson, C. F. Adams.
ADAMS, JOHN, clergyman, educator,
son of a revolutionary officer of the same
name, was born Sept. 18, 1772, in Canter
bury, Conn. He was graduated at Yale
in 1795, and taught for three years at the
academy in his native town. In 1800 he
became rector of Plainfield, N. J., acad
emy, and in 1803 principal of Bacon acad
emy, Colchester, Conn. In June, 1810, he
was chosen principal of Phillips Andover
acauemy, wnere he remained for twenty-
three years, and, in addition to his regu
lar duties, took part in the organization
of several of the great charitable associa
tions that have attained national im
portance. He resigned his office in 1833,
and went to Illinois, where he estaij-
lished several hundred Sunday-schools.
He died April 24, 1863.
ADAMS, JOHN, sailor, was born Nov.
29, 1796, in Boston, Mass. He was the
last survivor of all who witnessed the
victory gained by Hull in the Constitution
over Dacres in the Guerriere, in 1812. He
was subsequently captured and confined in
Dartmoor prison till the end of the war.
For nearly half a century afterward he
followed the sea, commanding some of the
finest merchantmen that sailed from Bos
ton. He died March 17, 1886, in Allston,
Mass.
ADAMS, JOHN, soldier, was born in
1825 in Tennessee. His first service was
in the Mexican war, where he was bre-
vetted first lieutenant, for gallantry at
Vera Cruz de -Rosales, March 16, 1848.
At the outbreaking of the civil war he
became a major-general in the Confeder
ate army. He died Nov. 30, 1864, in
Franklin, Tenn.
ADAMS, JOHN COLEMAN, clergyman,
author, was born in 1849 in Massachu
setts. He was a universalist clergyman
and editor of The United States During
1801-17; Historical Essays; and Essays
in Anglo-Saxon Law.
ADAMS, JOHN GREENLEAF, clergy
man, author, was born July 30, 1810, in
Portsmouth, N. H. In addition to his con
stant work as a universalist clergyman
he published fifteen volumes, besides
pamphlets and tracts; and edited Sunday
school periodicals for twenty-two years.
His principal works are: The Universal
ist Church, Its Faith and Its Works;
Universalism of the Lord's Prayer; Talks
About the Bible to Young Folks; and
Fifty Notable Years, or Views of the
Ministry of Universalism. He died in 1887.
ADAM, JOHN JAY, soldier, educator,
state senator, was born Oct. 30, 1807, iu
Scotland. In 1826 he emigrated to the
United States, and became well known as
a successful educator. In 1832 he served
in the Black Hawk war; and subsequent
ly took part in the Toledo war as a lieu
tenant. In 1835 he was a delegate to the
Michigan constitutional convention. In
1839 was a representative from Lenawee
county to the Michigan legislature, and
subsequently served several terms in the
state senate. He was also auditor-general
of Michigan for several terms.
ADAMS, JOHN J., lawyer legislator,
was born Sept. 16, 1848, in Canada. He
attended the ordinary country schools;
entered Columbia law college and gradu
ated in the class of 1876; was admitted
to the bar in that year and commenced
practice in New York city. He was elect
ed a representative from New York to the
forty-eighth congress, and was re-elected
to the forty-ninth congress.
ADAMS, JOHN MILTON, journalist,
was born Sept. 22, 1819, in Rumford,
Maine. In 1866 he became sole owner and
editor of the Eastern Argus; and has
contributed numerous articles to maga
zines.
ADAMS, JOHN R., clergyman, was born
in 1802, in Plainfield, Conn. He was ap
pointed chaplain of the fifth Maine volun
teers and was present at nearly all the
battles of the army of the Potomac, from
the first battle of Bull Run to the close
of the civil war. He died April 26, 1866.
ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY, sixth presi
dent of the United States, was born July
11, 1767, in Braintree, now Quincy, Mass.,
and at the age of
eleven years he ac
companied his fath
er, John Adams, to
France. He attend
ed school in Paris,
and in 1781 accom
panied the American
ambassador, Francis
Dana, to Russia as
his private secretary.
He returned home in
1785, and entered
Harvard college,
where he graduated in 1788. He then be
gan the study of law with Hon. Theophi-
lus Parsons. In 1794 he was appointed
resident minister to the Netherlands, and
afterwards to Portugal; but, while on his
way to Lisbon, he received a new com
mission from his father, then president,
which changed him to Prussia. In 1797
he was married to Miss Louisa Catherine
Johnson. He returned to America in 1801,
and in 1802 he was elected to the senate
of Massachusetts. In 1803 he was elected
to the United States senate, and resigned
his seat in 1806. In 1809 he was appointed
minister plenipotentiary to Russia, and
in 1814 he was placed at the head of the
American commissioners who negotiated
the treaty of peace with Great Britain at
Ghent. Mr. Adams was appointed minis
ter to the court of St. James in 1815; was
appointed secretary of state in 1817, and
held the office eight years. Feb. 9, 1825,
he was elected president of the United
States by the house of representatives,
the electoral college having failed to make
a choice, and was inaugurated March 4.
He was defeated for a re-election, and on
24
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
the 4th of March, 1829, he left the execu
tive chair and retired to private life. In
1830 he was elected to the house of repre
sentatives, and held the office by re-elec
tions until his death, Feb. 23, 1848, which
occurred in the capitol at Washington in
the speaker's room, two days after fall
ing from his chair in the house of repre
sentatives. His last words were: This
is the end of earth; I am content. His
writings, though mainly political in their
character, include several purely literary
works. Lectures on Rhetoric and Ora
tory; The Bible and Its Teachings;
Poems of Religion and Society; Letters
on Freemasonry; and Lives of Celebrated
Statesmen, and many state papers. An
elaborate history of his life was published
In 1875, by his son, Charles Francis
Adams.
ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY, lawyer, legis
lator, was born Sept. 22, 1833, in Boston,
Mass., and was the eldest son of Charles
Francis Adams. He was graduated at
Harvard college in 1853, and admitted to
the Suffolk bar in 1855. During the civil
war he was on Gov. Andrew's staff. He
was elected to the legislature by the town
of Qulncy in 1866. In 1869 and 1870 he
was again a member of the legislature.
In 1867 and 1871 he was democratic candi
date for governor of Massachusetts.
ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY, a descendant
of the famous Adams family of Massachu
setts, was born in 1848, in Lancaster,
N. H. He is a charter
member of the Soci
ety of the Sons of
the American Revo
lution, and also
secretary-general of
the Order of the
Founders and Pa
triots of America.
This society em
braces the early set
tlers of the colonies
from 1607 to 1657,
with revolutionary
descent thereafter. Mr. Adams was edu
cated in the Lancaster academy, and has
been a student of and writer on political
subjects all his life. He was a candidate
for congress in his district in 1896. He
is the brother of Mrs. Flora Adams Dar
ling, the founder-general of the Daugh
ters of the American Revolution.
ADAMS, JOHN TURRELL, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1805 in British Guiana.
He was a lawyer of Norwich, Conn., and
the author of The Knight of the Golden
Melice, an historical tale; and The Lost
Hunter. He died in 1882.
ADAMS, JOHN WESLEY, clergyman,
poet, was born May 23, 1832, and is a
lineal descendant of the presidents of that
name. In 1858 he
joined the New
Hampshire confer
ence of the metho-
dist episcopal
church, and has held
pastorates in Rye,
Derby, South New
market, North Sa
lem, East Canaan,
Winchester, Great
Fulls, Tilton, New
port, Exeter, and
Keene. In 1889 he
retired from active service, and is now
liviiiK in Methuen, Mass. He has been
president of the trustees of the confer
ence seminary and female college, and
has held various positions of honor. He
has rare literary attainments, and his
poems have been given a place in Na
tional Poets of America and other stan-
dard works.
ADAMS, JONATHAN, civil engineer,
was born July 8, 1798, in Taunton, Mass.
Many of the important lines in New York
and New England were constructed under
his supervision, and for fifty years he
ranked as one of the most skillful railroad
engineers in the country. He died Sept.
6, 1872.
ADAMS, JONATHAN EDWARDS, edu
cator, clergyman, was born April 29, 1822,
in Woolwich, Maine. He graduated from
the Phillips academy of Andover, Mass.,
and from the Hampden academy, Bowdoin
college, and the Bangor theological sem
inary. He is a successful clergyman of
the congregational church, and during
1876-95 was secretary of the Maine Mis
sionary society. He is an overseer of
Bowdoin college, and a trustee of the
Bangor seminary and the Maine Mission
ary society.
ADAMS, JOSEPH, tobacconist, banker,
was born Jan. 5, 1827, in West Cambridge,
Mass. In 1854 he commenced the tobacco
business, putting up strips and leaf for
the English markets. In 1867 he built an
additional establishment, at Uniontown,
Ky., and is now one of the most success
ful and extensive tobacco dealers in the
country.
ADAMS, J. McGREGOR, manufacturer,
was born March 11, 1834, in Londonderry,
N. H. In 1858 he settled in Chicago, repre
senting Morris K. Jesup and Co., the house
being subsequently merged into that of
Crerar, Adams and Co., which is yet in ex
istence, and of which Mr. Adams is a
partner. In this concern and in The Ad
ams and Westlake Co., incorporated in
1874 with a capital of $650,000, of which
he is president, The Union Brass Manu
facturing Co., and kindred concerns, Mr.
Adams manufactures the whole range of
goods called railroad supplies, including
headlights, lanterns, car trimmings and
other specialties in metals, many of them
patented articles.
ADAMS, JULIUS WALKER, civil en
gineer, author, was born Oct. 18, 1812, in
Boston, Mass. He is an engineer of dis
tinction, who has been employed in many
important engineering works; and the
author of Sewers and Drains for Populous
Districts.
ADAMS, JULIUS W., soldier, was born
in April, 1840, in Westfield, Mass. He was
graduated at West Point in 1861, served
there as assistant instructor of infantry
tactics till June, 1862, was wounded and
taken prisoner at Gaines' Mills, promoted
captain in August, 1862, and served at
Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettys
burg, where he commanded a regiment,
and the second battle of Cold Harbor,
where he received wounds that caused his
death. He died Nov. 15, 1865, in Brook
lyn. N. Y.
ADAMS, LOUISE CATHERINE, the
wife of John Quincy Adams, was born
Feb. 11, 1775, in London, England. She
was the daughter of
Joshua Johnson of
Maryland, but passed
her early years in
England and in
France. She was
married to Mr. Ad
ams July 26, 1797,
in London. She was
possessed of high in
tellectual qualities;
well versed in both
French and English
literature: translat
ed from the French; was the author of a
number of meritorious poems; and was
an accomplished musician and vocalist.
She died May 14, 1852, and was buried
by the side of her husband in the family
burying ground at Quincy, Mass.
ADAMS, MRS. MARY MATHEWS, edu
cator, poet, was born Oct. 23, 1840, in Ire
land; and is the wife of Charles Kendall
Adams, president of
the university of
Wisconsin. She came
to America in her
childhood, and was
mainly educated at
the Packer institute
of Brooklyn, N. Y.
For ten years she
was engaged in edu
cational work, and
s u b s e q uently ac
quired success in lit
erary pursuits. Her
verse is largely lyrical, and her themes
include romance, heroism, and religion.
She is the author of a brochure of poems
entitled The Choir Visible; and among
her other works The Epithalamium is
perhaps the best known.
ADAMS, MRS. MARY NEWBURY, the
wife of the late Judge Austin Adams, of
Dubuque, Iowa, was born Oct. 17, 1837, in
Peru, Ind. In 1868 she was urged to
speak before a class of girls graduating
from the Lombard university of Gales-
burg, 111.; and since that time her life
has been devoted to the advancement of
women. She has been vice-president of
the Iowa Suffrage association; trustee of
the Humboldt college, Iowa; vice-presi
dent of the association for Advancement
of Women for nearly a quarter of a cen
tury; and has lectured extensively bef ore-
women graduates.
ADAMS, MILWARD, theatrical man
ager, was born Jan. 6, 1857, in Lexington,
Ky. In 1881 Mr. Adams assumed the sole
management of Central music hall, but in
1887 he gave this up for me management
of the Chicago Auditorium.
ADAMS, MOSES S., lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born Oct. 19, 1826, in Rindge,
N. H. In 1854 he graduated in law from
the university of Albany, and has at
tained prominence as an able and success
ful lawyer. For two terms he was a mem
ber of the Kansas house of representa
tives, during which time he was speaker
in that body. President Lincoln appointed
him army captain and commissary of
subsistence of volunteers during the civil
war. He was district attorney of the
sixth district of Colorado; and county
judge of Fremont county in that state.
ADAMS, MYRON, clergyman, author,
was born in 1841 in New York. He was a
congregational clergyman of Rochester,
N. Y., from 1876 until his death. He was
the author of The Creation of the Bible;
and The Continuous Creation, an Applica
tion of the Evolutionary Philosophy to
the Christian Religion. He died in 1895.
ADAMS, NEHEMIAH, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 19, 1806, in Salem,
Mass. He was a noted congregational
clergyman of Boston, whose most famous
work, A South Side View of Slavery, pro
voked much hostile criticism. Among
other works by him are Walks to Em-
maus: Scriptural Argument for End
less Punishment; Remarks on Unitarian
Belief; Life of John Eliot; Agnes and
the Little Key; and Evenings with the
Doctrines. He died Oct. 6, 1878.
ADAMS, NELLIE E., poet, was born
July 12, 1864, in Exeter, N. H. She is the
author of a volume of poems entitled
Blossoms; and a successful writer of
both prose and verse for current maga
zines.
ADAMS, OSCAR FAY, poet. He is the
author of Post-Laureate Idyls, and Other
Poems; and is a popular poet and grace
ful writer.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
'26
ADAMS, PARMENIO, congressman,
was born in Hartford, Conn. He was a
representative in congress from Batavia,
N. Y., from 1823 to 1827.
ADAMS, ROBERT, geologist, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Feb. 26, 1849,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He graduated at the
university of Penn
sylvania in 1869;
studied and p r a c-
ticed law for five
years; was a mem
ber of the United
States geological
survey from 1871 to
1875, and engaged in
explorations of the
Yellowstone park.
He was a member of
the state senate of
Pennsylvania from
1883 to 1887; graduated in 1884 from the
Wharton School of Economy and Finance
of the university of Pennsylvania; was
appointed United States minister to Brazil
April 1, 1889, and resigned June 1, 1890.
He was elected to the fifty-third and fifty-
fourth congresses and re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican, and
served on important committees.
ADAMS, ROBERT CHAMBLET, au
thor, was born in 1839 in Massachusetts,
and is the son of Nehemiah Adams. He
is the author of History of England in
Rhyme; History of the United States in
Rhyme; On Board the Rocket; Aids to
Endeavor; Evolution, a Summary of Evi
dence; Travels in Faith from Tradition
to Reason; and Pioneer Pith.
ADAMS, ROBERT H., United States
senator, was born in 1792 in Rockbridge,
Va. He was a senator in congress, from
Mississippi, by appointment, from Jan
uary to May, in 1830. He died July 2,
1830', in Natchez, Miss.
ADAMS, SAMUEL, statesman. He was
acting governor of Arkansas in 1844.
ADAMS, SAMUEL, military surgeon,
was born in Maine. Dr. Adams distin
guished himself during the civil war by
riding along the advanced line of com
batants, and under the fire of the enemy,
dressing the wounds of Gen. Potter, who
could not be removed from the spot where
he fell, and, but for the action of Sur
geon Adams, would have lost his life. He
died Sept. 9, 1867, in Galveston, Texas.
ADAMS, SAMUEL, governor of Massa
chusetts, was born Sept. 27, 1722, in Bos
ton, Mass., and was a cousin of President
John Adams. He
graduated from Har
vard university in
1740; studied for the
ministry; received
the degree of A. M. in
1743; was one of the
first who organized
measures of resist
ance to the mother
country, and drew up
the instructions of
the town of Boston
against taxation in
1764. He was elected a representative in
1765; was chosen clerk and served in that
body for ten years, and, it is said, he sug
gested the congress that assembled at
New York in 1765, and the non-importa
tion agreement of 1769. He addressed a
public meeting the day after the Boston
massacre, and was chairman of the com
mittee to demand the removal of the
troops. In 1772 he organized the com
mittee of correspondence, which was first
adopted by Massachusetts, and followed
by all the provinces; was a signer of the
declaration of independence; was one of
those who matured the plan of the conti
nental congress, and was delegate from
Massachusetts from 1774 to 1782. He
signed the articles of confederation; was
a member of the state convention which
adopted the federal constitution, and
made some amendments to that instru
ment. On the adoption of the state con
stitution, he was made president of the
senate; was lieutenant governor of
Massachusetts from 1789-94, and governor
from 1794-97. So ardent was his patriot
ism, that he was one of the three leaders
who were to be exempt from the pardon
offered in 1775. As a statesman and or
ator he fills a large place in the annals of
the American revolution. He died Oct.
2, 1803, in Boston, Mass.
ADAMS, SAMUEL M., clergyman, legis
lator, was born Dec. 10, 1853, in Dallas
county, Ala. He was twice elected to the
state legislature of Alabama; and was
president of the Alabama Farmers' State
alliance for six years in succession. For
twenty years he has been a missionary
baptist clergyman, and is now pastor of
the baptist church at Jemison, Ala.
ADAMS, SETH, inventor, manufac
turer, was born April 13, 1807, in Roches
ter, N. H. In 1836 he began the manu
facture of the famous power printing
presses which had been invented by his
brother Isaac. For many years he had
charge of the Adams Sugar Refinery,
which was then the largest of its kind in
the United States. He took an active
part in the public affairs of Newton,
Mass., where he died Dec. 7, 1873. He left
large bequests of money to Bowdoin col
lege, and other institutions; and a mas
sive monument has been erected to his
memory.
ADAMS, SILAS, soldier, lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born Feb. 9, 1839,
in Pulaski county, Ky. He received an
education in the public schools of the
county, the Kentucky university of Har-
rodsburg, and the Transylvania of Lex
ington. In 1867 he entered the law school
at Lexington, and received license to prac
tice; served two terms as county 'attor
ney; served three terms in the legisla
ture; in 1892 was nominated and voted for
by the republicans of the state legislature
for speaker, and also for United States
senator. He entered the union army in
1861 as first lieutenant, first Kentucky
volunteer cavalry; was promoted to cap
tain, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of
the regiment, and was mustered out Dec.
31, 1864. In 1892 was elected to the fifty-
third congress as a republican.
ADAMS, STEPHEN, lawyer, legislator,
jurist, United States senator, was a native
of Franklin county, Tenn., and was a
member of the senate of that state. Re
moving to Mississippi, he took an active
part in public affairs; was a member of
the state legislature; a representative in
congress from 1845 to 1847; was elected
judge of the circuit court, and from 1852
to 1857 was a senator in congress from
Mississippi. He removed to Tennessee,
with the intention of practicing law at
Memphis, where he died of smallpox,
May 11, 1857.
ADAMS, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a delegate from Virginia to the con
tinental congress from 1778 to 1780, and
signed the articles of confederation.
ADAMS, WASHINGTON IRVING,
manufacturer, was born March 25, 1832,
in New York city. In 1875 he became
president of S. Peck and Co., manufac
turers of photographic apparatus; and
was for many years vice-president of the
Centennial Photograph company.
ADAMS, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 25, 1807, in Colchester,
Conn. He was a presbyterian clergyman
of prominence in
New York city dur
ing 1835-80. He was
the author of the
Three Gardens:
Eden, Gethsemane,
Paradise; Conversa
tions of Jesus Christ
with Representative
Men; In the World,
Not of the World;
Thanksgiving, and
Memories of the Day
and Helps to the
Habit. He died Oct. 31, 1880, in Orange
Mountain, N. J.
ADAMS, WILLIAM, clergyman, theo
logian, author, was born July 3, 1813, in
Ireland. He was an episcopal clergyman
who was one of the founders of Nasho-
tah Theological seminary, Wisconsin, and
professor of systematic divinity there from
1841. He was the author of Mercy to
Babes; Elements of Christian Science;
and New Treatise of Baptismal Regenera
tion. He died in 1897.
ADAMS, WILLIAM FORBES, bishop,
was born Jan. 2, 1833, in Ireland. He
was admitted to the Mississippi bar. He
afterward removed to Tennessee, and be
came a candidate for holy orders in 1857.
Removing to Mississippi while pursuing
his theological course, he was ordained
deacon in 1859; priest in 1860, and is now
a bishop in the protestant episcopal
church in the diocese of Easton. Md.
ADAMS, WILLIAM TAYLOR (Oliver
Optic), educator, author, was born July
30, 1822, in Medway, Mass. He was
a prolific and popular writer of books
for boys, and was for many years
a teacher in the Boston public schools.
Among his writings are: Army and
Navy Series; Young America Abroad
Series; Lake Shore Series; and Starry
Flag Series. In 1867 he founded the
journal known as Our Boys and Girls.
He died in 1897.
ADAMSON, WILLIAM CHARLES, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Aug.
13, 1854, in Bowdon, Ga. He spent his
youth alternately in working on the
farm and in hauling goods and cotton be
tween Atlanta and Bowdon; took the col
legiate course at Bowdon college, gradu
ating with the degree of A. B. in 1874, the
degree of A. M. being conferred a few
years later by the same institution. He
was admitted to the bar October, 1876, and
has lived at Carrollton, Ga., ever since.
He was judge of the city court of Carroll-
ton from 1885 to 1889, and was attorney
for the city of Carrollton for a number of
years; was presidential elector in 1892;
and had never held nor sought any other
office until elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
ADDAMS, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1776, in Lan
caster county, Pa. He was a member of
the state legislature from 1822-24. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1825-29; and associate
judge of Berks county from 1839-42. He
died in the spring of 1858.
ADDICKS, GEORGE B., clergyman, col
lege president, was born Sept. 9, 1854, in
Hampton, 111. For many years he was
professor of German language and litera
ture in the Iowa Wesleyan university of
Mt. Pleasant, Iowa; and subsequently be
came president of the Central Wesleyan
college and clergyman of the German
methodist episcopal church of Warren-
ton, Mo.
26
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ADDICKS, JOHN EDWARD, capitalist,
was born Nov. 21, 1841, in Philadelphia,
Pa. Works for the manufacture of gas
were built by him in Jersey City and for
The Consumers' Gas Co. of Chicago, and
the competition which he engendered led
to a union of the gas companies in Chi
cago inio the now noted Chicago Gas
Trust. In 1884 he organized and became
president of The Bay State Gas Co. of
Boston, which constructed large works.
In 1892 he bought a majority interest in
The Brooklyn Gas Co., becoming its presi
dent, and is now largely interested in
other gas companies in Brooklyn, N. Y.
These operations have brought him largo
wealth. He has also established a gas
making plant in Wilmington, Del.
ADDIS, EMMERSON W., journalist,
state legislator, was born Oct. 13, 1853,
in Litchfleld, Conn. He is the editor of
The Standard of Brewster, N. Y.; has
been postmaster, justice and trustee of
Brewster; and in 1895 was elected a
member of the New York state assembly.
He was re-elected in 1897, and has taken
an active part on various committees.
ADE, GEORGE, journalist, author, was
born in 1866 in Illinois. He is a success
ful Chicago journalist; and the author of
Artie, a Story of the Streets and Town.
ADEE, ALVEY A., public official, diplo
matist, was born Nov. 27, 1842, in Astoria,
N. Y. He was educated by private tutors;
studied civil engineering; and was secre
tary of the American legation at Madrid,
Spain, from 1870 to 1877. In 1877 he was
transferred to the department of state at
Washington; in 1878 became chief of the
diplomatic division of that department;
and in 1882 was appointed third assistant
secretary of state.
ADEE, DAVID GRAHAM, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born May 31, 1837, In
Chelsea, Mass. He was United States
commissioner to Sandwich islands in
1883; during the war he was military
secretary on staff duty, and has prac
ticed law in New York ten years. He is
the author of the novel No. 19 State
Street, and is still largely engaged in lit
erary work. The poems of this great jur
ist have appeared in the leading daily
newspapers of America, and in current
magazines.
ADGATE, ASA, legislator, congress
man. He was a representative in the leg
islature of New York from Clinton county
from 1798 to 1799; was a representative
in congress from Essex county from 1815
to 1817; and was again a member of the
legislature in 1823.
ADKINSON, MARY OSBURN, temper
ance reformer, was born July 28, 1843, in
Rush county, Ind. She is the wife of the
Rev. L. G. Adkinson, the president of
the New Orleans university. She took a
leading part in the organization of the
Woman's Foreign Missionary society of
Madison, Ind.; and was four times unan
imously elected its president. She has
been superintendent of the Woman's
Christian Temperance union in the state
of Louisiana; and is also matron in the
New Orleans university.
ADLER, FELIX, reformer, author, was
born Aug. 13, 1851, in Germany. He is
an ethical reformer of New York city;
and the author of Creed and Deed; and
The Moral Instruction of Children.
ADLER, GEORG, philologist, author,
was born in 1821, in Germany. He was a
philologist of New York city; and was
the author of a valuable German and
English dictionary and other educational
works. He died Aug. 24, 1868, in New
York city.
ADRAIN, GARXETT B., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 20, 1816, in New
York city. He graduated from Rutgers
college in 1833; studied law, and was ad
mitted to the bar in 1837. He was a repre
sentative from New Jersey in the thirty-
fifth congress; and was also elected a
member of the thirty-sixth congress. In
1861 he offered the resolution of thanks
to Major Robert Anderson for his defense
of Fort Sumter. He died Aug. 17, 1878, in
New Brunswick. N. J.
ADRAIN, ROBERT. mathematician,
was born Sept. 30, 1775, in Ireland. He
taught school in New Jersey and Penn
sylvania, contributed to scientific jour
nals, and from 1810 to 1813 was professor
of natural philosophy and mathematics in
Rutgers college; then until 1825 in Col
umbia college; and from 1827 to 1834 was
professor of mathematics in the university
of Pennsylvania. He edited Hutton's
Mathematics, published essays on the
figure and magnitude of the earth and on
gravity, and was editor from 1825 to 1829
of the Mathematical Diary. He died Aug.
10, 1843, in New Brunswick. N. J.
ADRAIN, ROBERT, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born Dec. 17, 1853, in New Bruns
wick, N. J. He was elected president of
the senate of New Jersey in 1891, and suc
cessively re-elected in 1892 and 1893. He
was appointed prosecutor of the pleas of
Middlesex county in 1890, and continued
to hold the position for several years.
ADRIAN, JAMES, physician, was born
Jan. 12, 1829, in St. Lawrence county,
N. Y. In 1876 he was a member of the
electoral college, and his efforts in sup
port of Tilden and Hendricks established
his reputation as a political orator. In
1875 he was a delegate from the American
Medical association to tne International
Medical congress at Brussels.
ADSIT, ALLEN C., soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born Feb. 20, 1837, in Rut
land, N. Y. He studied law at Water-
town, N. Y., and was admitted to the bar
in 1859. He enlisted in the forty-fourth
New York volunteers in 1861, and par
ticipated in the principal battles in which
the army of the Potomac was engaged.
He was a representative in the Michigan
state legislature in 1871-72; and now
practices his profession in Grand Rapids,
Mich.
ADSIT, NANCY H., art lecturer, was
born May 21, 1825, in Palermo, N. Y. She
graduated from the Ingham university,
and for the past half a century has con
tributed constantly to current literature.
Her contribution to the London Art
Journal and other leading art publications
has made her name well known in art
circles; and to her work is due most of
the art interest in Wisconsin, as well as
in the entire west.
AGAR, JOHN GIRARD, lawyer, was
born June 3, 1856, in New Orleans, La.
He was appointed assistant United States
district attorney for the southern dis
trict of New York. He held this office
for a year when he resigned and became
the senior member of the firm of Agar,
Ely and Fulton. The university of
Georgetown conferred upon him the de
gree of M. A
AGARD, ISAAC MERRITT, educator,
was born Dec. 3, 1854, near Stafford, Conn.
He has attained success in educational
work; and is now principal of the Rock-
ville high school, Conn., and also super
intendent of the east district schools. He
received a thorough education at the
Amherst college and other Institutions,
and has had conferred upon him the de
grees of M. A. and Ph. D.
AGASSIZ. ALEXANDER, zoologist, au
thor, was born Dec. 17, 1835, in Neuchatel,
Switzerland, and is a son of L. Agassiz.
He is a marine zoologist, and came to
America with his father, and has dis
tinguished himself in lines of special
scientific research. He is the author of
Exploration of Lake Titicaca; List of the
Echinoderms; and Three Cruises of the
Blake.
AGASSIZ, ELIZABETH CABOT, na
turalist, was born in 1822. In 1850 she
was married to Professor Louis Agassiz.
She accompanied her husband on his
journey to Brazil in 1865-66; and on the
Hassler expedition in 1871-72; and was
associated with him in many of his
studies and writings. She is the author
of A First Lesson in Natural History;
Edited Geological Sketches; and also ed
ited Life and Correspondence, of her hus
band, in two volumes.
AGASSIZ, JEAN LOUIS RODOLPHE,
educator, naturalist, author, was born
May 28, 1807, in Switzerland. He was a
naturalist of eminence, and the founder
of the Museum of Natural History at
Cambridge. He was the author of Re-
cherches sur les Poissons Fossiles; Lake
Superior, Natural History of Fresh Water
Fishes of Central Europe; Etudes sur les
Glaciers; Systeme Glaciere; Methods of
Study in Natural History; Geological
Sketches; Structure of Animal Life; and
A Journey in Brazil. He died Dec. 14,
1873, in Cambridge, Mass. His grave in
Mt. Auburn is marked by a boulder from
the glacier of the Aar, and shaded by
pine trees brought from Switzerland.
AGEN, JAMES HERMAN, soldier,
financier, legislator, was born April 29,
1847, in Montpelier, Vt. He was presi
dent of the West Superior Chamber of
Commerce in 1890-91; represented his
ward as alderman in 1893-94; was presi
dent of the Douglas County Agricultural
society and also president of the North
western Wisconsin Fair association in
1895-96. He served two years and nine
months in the First New York Dragoons;
was in forty-two battles, serving under
Gen. Phil. Sheridan; and was wounded
in the battle of Winchester in 1864. He
was elected to the Wisconsin state assem
bly in 1896.
AGNEW, CORNELIUS REA, physician,
philanthropist, was born Aug. 8, 183Q, in
New York city. He founded in 1868 the
Brooklyn eye and ear hospital, and in
1869 the Manhattan eye and ear hospital;
contributed numerous papers to the cur
rent medical journals, most of which are
devoted to diseases of the eye and ear, and
he also published brief monographs and a
Series of American Clinical Lectures. He
died April 18, 1888, in New York city.
AGNEW, DANIEL, lawyer, jurist, was
born Jan. 5, 1809, in Trenton, N. J. He re
ceived his education at the Rev. Joseph
Stockton academy,
s and the Western
university of Penn
sylvania, both of
Pittsburg, Pa. In
1829 he was admitted
to the bar, and prac
ticed for many years
in Pittsburg, Pa. In
1837-38 he was a
delegate in conven
tion to amend the
constitution of
Pennsylvania. Dur
ing 1851-63 he was president judge of the
seventh judicial district of Pennsylvania;
in 1863-79 was justice of the supreme court
of Pennsylvania; and from 1874-79 was
chief justice of the supreme court of
Pennsylvania.
AGNEW, DAVID HAYES, physician
author, was born Nov. 24, 1818, in Lan
caster county, Pa. He was a successful
Physician and was for a long time pro
fessor of surgery in the university of
Pennsylvania. His writings were the
outcome of wide experience. Hi.s works
are: Handbook of Practical Anatomy
Principles and Practice of Surgery a
treatise on Surgical Diseases and Injuries
which has been translated into the Jap
anese language. He died in 1892.
AGNUS, FELIX, soldier, journalist,
was born July 4, 1839, in France. In 1864
he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel in the
civil war. He is a leading journalist of
the south.
AHEARN, JOHN P., merchant, state
senator, was born April 18, 1853, in New
\ork city. His early life was devoted to
mercantile pursuits. In 1882 he was
elected to the New York state assembly
to the state senate in 1889, again in 1891
1893, and in 1895.
AHL, JOHN A., manufacturer, con
gressman, was born in August, 1815 in
Strasburg, Pa. He received a good En
glish education; studied medicine with
his father and graduated at the Washing
ton Medical college of Baltimore. He
abandoned his profession in 1850 and
turned his attention to various kinds of
manufactures. He was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
fifth congress.
AHRENS, MARY A., lawyer, philanthro
pist, was born Dec. 29, 1836, in England
She received her education in the seminary
of Galesburg, 111.; and in 1889 graduated
from the Chicago Union College of Law.
She has been vice-president of the Pro
tective Agency for Women and Children-
chairman of the Woman's School Suffrage
association of Cook county; and is a
member of the Illinois Woman's Press
association.
AIKEN, CHARLES AUGUSTUS, edu
cator, college president, was born Oct
30, 1827, in Manchester, Vt. He was
graduated at Dartmouth college in 1846
and at Andover Theological seminary in
1853. From 1859 to 1866 he was professor
of Latin at Dartmouth, and from 1866 to
1869 at Princeton college. From 1869
to 1871 he was president of Union col
lege.
AIKEN, D. WYATT, soldier, legislator,
congressman, was born March 17, 1828,
in Winnsboro, S. C. He graduated at the
South Carolina college in 1849; taught
school for two years; engaged in farm
ing; and served in the confederate army
during the war of the rebellion from 1861
until disabled by wounds. He was elected
a representative in the state legislature in
1864, and again in 1866. He was a dele
gate to the Democratic national conven
tion of 1876; was elected a representative
from South Carolina to the forty-fifth,
forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth,
and forty-ninth congresses.
AIKEN, JOHN, educator, was born in
1797 in Vermont. He was trustee of the
Andover Theological seminary, and for
fifteen years one of the board of com
missioners for foreign missions. He died
Feb. 11, 1867.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN' BIOGRAPHY.
27
of honor in various institutions. She was
one of the organizers of the First Wom
an s Republican club of Wisconsin- and
for nearly twenty years has been identified
as officer or director with the Art Science
Class, a literary organization for the pur
pose of developing a taste in architec-
ire, painting, sculpture and science.
AIKENS, ANDREW JACKSON, manu
facturer, journalist, was born Oct. 31
830, in Barnard. Vt. In 1856 he was
•ity editor of the Evening Wisconsin-
and m 1864 the firm of Cramer, Aikens
and Cramer, commenced publication of
the patent insides with advertisements
being the only pioneer house in the busi
ness.
AIKIN, WILLIAM, governor of South
Carolina, was born in 1806 in Charleston
s. C. He graduated at the South Carolina
college in 1825; was a member of the
state legislature in 1838, 1840, and 1842-
was governor of South Carolina in 1844;
and a representative in congress from
that state from 1851 to 1857. He was con
sidered one of the most successful rice-
planters in his native state, and was one
of the leading men of his state who did
not take part in the rebellion. He was
also noted for his liberality, benevolence
and culture as a scholar.
AIRMAN, GRANVILLE P., lawyer, ora
tor, jurist, was born Dec. 27, 1857, in
London, Ky. He received the rudiments
of his education in the public schools of
Kansas, the London seminary, and from
private instructors. He has attained suc
cess as an eminent lawyer of Eldorado,
Kan.; and was prosecuting attorney of
Butler county in 1882. In 1883 he was
elected judge of the probate court; and
in 1895 received the nomination for cir
cuit judge. He has taken great interest
in republican politics, and is well known
as a brilliant orator. For several years he
was editor of The Eldorado Eagle, and
has contributed extensively to current
literature.
AIKMAN, HUGH, was born July 11,
1790, in Nova Scotia. He was for a num
ber of years president of the New York
Marine Bible society, and was also a
member of the New York peace society.
He was notable for his earnestness in ad
vocating the principle of peace in the in
tercourse of nations with each other. He
died in 1867 in Brooklyn, N. Y.
AINSWORTH, FRANK BEVERIDGE
reformer, was born Aug. 11, 1841 in Lis
bon, N. Y. In 1870 he was a delegate from
the state of Indiana to the international
congress on penitentiary and reformatory
discipline at Cincinnati, Ohio; and in
1867 he was superintendent of the Indiana
House of Refuge.
AINSWORTH, JAMES GALVESTON
farmer, merchant, legislator, was born
May 26, 1846, in Copiah county, Miss He
is a successful farmer and merchant of
Ainsworth, Miss.; and in 1896 was elect
ed a member of the Mississippi state legis
lature, his term expiring in 1900.
AINSWORTH, LABAN, clergyman was
born July 19. 1757, in Woodstock Conn
He graduated from Dartmouth college in
1778, and was ordained pastor of the
church at Jaffrey in 1782, where he re
mained until his death, seventy-six
years. This is probably the longest pas
torate on record. He died March 17 1858
in Jaffrey, N. H.
AINSWORTH, LUCIEN LESTER, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
June 21, 1831, in New Woodstock, N. Y. He
was educated at the common schools and
at the Oneida Conference seminary, New
York; studied law and was admitted to
practice in 1854. In 1855 he removed to
West Union, Iowa; was a member of the
lower house and senate of the state for
several years; and was elected a repre
sentative from Iowa to the forty-fourth
congress. He entered the union army in
1862 as captain in the sixth regiment
Iowa cavalry, and served for three years
against the Indians in the northwest.
AITKEN, DAVID D., lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 5, 1854, in Genesee
county, Mich. He started in life as a
bookkeeper, then became a teacher, and
in 1878 was admitted to the bar. In 1880
he • organized the Venus Tent of the
Knights of the Maccabees, of which order
he was elected supreme commander in
1882, and supreme counselor and great
commander in 1892. He is a successful
lawyer of Flint, Mich., and served with
distinction as a member of the fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses.
AIKENS, AMANDA L, editor, philan
thropist, was born May 12, 1833, in North
Adams, Mass. Since 1887 she has been
editor of The Woman's World, a special
department of The Evening Wisconsin,
of Milwaukee, Wis.; of which publica
tion her husband is one of the proprietors.
She has been president of the Board of
Local Charities and Corrections; was two
years president of the Woman's club of
Milwaukee, and has filled other positions
AIKMAN, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1824 in Italy. He was a
Presbyterian clergyman; and the author
of The Moral Power of the Sea; Life at
Home, or the Family and Its Members;
The Altar in the Home; and A Bachelor's
Talks about Married Life.
AINSLIE, GEORGE, lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born Oct. 30, 1838, near
Boonville, Mo. He attended the St. Louis
university two years; studied law; was
admitted to practice in 1860, and removed
to Colorado. In 1862 he settled in that
portion of Washington territory which
now constitutes the territory of Idaho;
served in the territorial legislature, and
was president of the council during one
session. He was editor of a newspaper
from 1869 to 1873; was elected district at
torney in 1874, and re-elected in 1876. He
was elected a delegate from Idaho to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses.
AINSLIE, HEW, poet, was born in
1792 in Scotland. He was a Scottish poet
who emigrated to America in 1822 and
lived mainly in Kentucky. He was the
author of Pilgrimage to the Land of
Burns, a prose work with lyrics inter
spersed; and Scottish Songs. Ballads, and
Poems. He died in 1878.
AITKEN, ROBERT, journalist author,
was born in 1734, in Scotland. He set
tled in Philadelphia in 1769, and published
the Pennsylvania Magazine, or American
Monthly Museum, in 1775-76, having Hop-
kinson and Witherspoon for contributors,
and was imprisoned in 1777 for his at
tachment to the cause of independence.
He printed the first American Bible in
1782, and is reputed to have been the
author of An Inquiry Concerning the
Principles of a Commercial System for
the United States. He died July, 1802, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
AKELEY, HEALY CADY, lumber mer
chant, was born March 16, 1836, in Stowe,
Vt. He was educated in the local schools,
and began life as a farmer and surveyor,
and later became a lawyer. In 1863, he
enlisted in the second Michigan cavalry
as a private, and was mustered out in
1865 as adjutant of the regiment. In
1872, he went into the manufacture of
lumber in Grand Haven, Mich., and con
tinued therein until removal to Minne
apolis in 1887. He was mayor of Grand
Haven two terms, and 1866-81 collector
of customs for the district of Michigan.
Mr. Akeley is now president of The H. C.
Akeley Lumber Co. of Minneapolis, in
partnership with Charles H. Hackley and
Thomas Hume, of Muskegon, Mich., pres
ident of The Itasca Lumber Co., and presi
dent of The Flour City National bank and
The Metropolitan Trust Co.
28
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
AKER, LEONARD, farmer, soldier, leg
islator, was born in 1842 in Ravenna, Ohio.
He enlisted as a private in company F,
twelfth regiment Indiana volunteer in
fantry. After serving thirteen months,
was mustered out at expiration of service,
May 27, 1862. He re-enlisted Aug. 15,
1862, to serve three years, in company F,
one hundredth Indiana volunteers. Com
missioned second lieutenant; promoted to
first lieutenant; and then captain, July
28, 1864, which rank he held when mus
tered out at the close of the war. Cap
tain Aker was appointed on the commis
sion to locate the Kansas soldiers' graves,
and to erect a monument to the memory
of the fallen heroes of the eighth Kansas,
on the fields of Chickamauga and Mission
Ridge, at the Chattanooga cemetery, in
1895. He served with distinction as a
member of the Kansas state legislature in
1897.
AKER, WILLIAM W., soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born in Darke county, Ohio.
He graduated from the Cincinnati law
school and was admitted to the bar in
that city in 1872, but shortly after re
moved to Eaton, Ohio. He served in the
union army as lieutenant of company H,
ninety-third Ohio volunteer infantry, and
in 1897 was post commander of Calep
Marker post, G. A. R., at New Paris. He
was elected to the seventy-first general
assembly of the Ohio state legislature as
a republican; and was re-elected to the
seventy-second general assembly.
AKERLY, SAMUEL, physician, author,
was born in 1785. He was graduated at
Columbia college in 1804. He contributed
to medical and scientific periodicals, was
active in establishing institutions for deaf
mutes and the blind, and published an
Essay on the Geology of the Hudson
River and Observations on Deafness. He
died July 6, 1845, on Staten Island, N. Y.
AKERMAN. AMOS TAPPAN, lawyer,
was born 1819 in New Hampshire. He
graduated from Dartmouth college in
1842, was admitted to the bar in 1841,
and settled in Elberton, Ga., in 1850. He
followed his state in secession in 1861,
and served the confederate government
in the quartermaster's department; but
after the war he was a republican and
reconstructionlst. He was appointed dis
trict attorney for Georgia in 1866 and at
torney-general of the United States in
1870, remaining in that office until 1872.
AKERS, BENJAMIN PAUL, sculptor,
was born July 16, 1825, in Westbrook,
Maine. His best known works are: Peace;
Saint Elizabeth of Hungary; Diana and
Endymion; Paul and Francesca; Mil
ton; and The Dead Pearl Diver. He died
May 21, 1861, in Philadelphia, Pa.
AKERS, THOMAS PETER, congress
man. He was elected a representative
from Missouri to the thirty-fourth con
gress for the unexpired term of J. G. Mil
ler, and served one session.
AKINS, FRANCIS ASAHEL, farmer
and secretary State Grange, was born Jan.
2, 1849, in Mayfield, Ohio. He graduated
from the Baldwin university of Berea,
Ohio. He was president of the state asso
ciation of Mutual Fire Insurance associa
tions; in 1890 was elected secretary of
the Ohio State Grange Patrons of Hus
bandry, and received the re-election for
four successive terms.
ALBAUGH, JOHN W., actor, was born
Sept. 30,1837, in Baltimore, Md. In 1875 he
gained popularity in the play Louis XI;
and since that time has been manager of
the Holiday Street theater, and the lessee
of the popular Albaugh Grand Opera
House of Washington, D. C. He is also
the possessor of the most varied and ex
tensive dramatic library In America.
ALBEE, JOHN, author, poet, was born
In 1833, in Bellingham, Mass. He grad
uated from Phillip academy of Andover,
Mass., and the Har
vard university. For
many years he was a
successful clergy
man. He has writ
ten extensively and
published the fol
lowing boo«vs: Lit
erary Art; An In
dian Idyl; History
of New Castle,
N. H.; and Prose
Idyls. He has been
a constant contrib
utor to the leading magazines and period
icals of America, and his poems have
been given prominence in standard publi
cations.
ALBERGER, FRANKLIN AUGUSTUS,
business man, was born Jan. 14, 1825, in
Baltimore, Md. He was appointed canal
commissioner in 1862, serving six years;
was elected to the assembly in 1871, and
re-elected for the three following terms.
With the close of his assembly term he
retired from public life and devoted him
self to private business. He died Aug.
24, 1877.
ALBERT, JOHN S., engineer, was born
in 1835. He entered the navy in 1855
from New York, and was appointed chief
engineer in 1861, in which capacity he
served during the war with credit. He
died July 3, 1880, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ALBERT, WILLIAM J., merchant, con
gressman, was born Aug. 4, 1816, at Bal
timore, Md. He was educated at St.
Mary's college; was a merchant; retired
from business in 1856, and was a presi
dential elector in 1864. He was subse
quently interested in banking and manu
factures, and was elected to the forty-
third congress as a republican.
ALBERTSON, NATHANIEL, congress
man, was born In Virginia. He was
elected a representative in congress from
the first congressional district of Indiana
from 1849 to 1851.
ALBRIGHT, ANDREW, inventor, was
born June 23, 1831, in Dry den, N. Y. He
is the inventor of rubber bound and set
brushes, which his firm, the Rubber and
Celluloid Harness Trimmings Company,
manufacture; and also of a great part of
the machinery used in manufacturing his
inventions.
ALBRIGHT, CHARLES, lawyer^ sol
dier, congressman, was born Dec. 13,
1830, in Berks county, Pa. He was edu
cated at Dickinson
college; studied law
and came to the bar
I in 1852. In 1854 he
I visited Kansas, and
in 1856 returned to
I Pennsylvania; 1 n
1860 was a delegate
to the republican na
tional convention;
entered the army in
1862; was commis
sioned colonel, com
manding the third
brigade at Chancellorsville, and was
placed in command at Camp Muhlenburg,
Pa., to organize troops. In July he was
seni to Philadelphia to assist in the draft;
in September, 1864, was assigned to an
independent command to protect rail
roads and the outer defenses of Washing
ton, and In March, 1865, was promoted to
brevet brigadier-general of volunteers.
After the war he was sent to the com
mand of the Lehigh military district to
pacify tumults in the mining regions; in
1865 was mustered out of service, and
in 1872 was a delegate to the republican
national convention at Philadelphia. ' He
was elected to the forty-third congress.
ALBRIGHT, CHARLES J., congress
man, was born in Pennsylvania. He was
elected from the state of Ohio as a repre
sentative to the thirty-fourth congress.
ALBRIGHT, E.LIZA DOWNING, edu
cator, temperance worker, was born
March 13, 1847, in Philadelphia, Pa. After
her marriage in 1867 to the Rev. Louis M.
Albright, she was engaged in teaching
mathematics and natural sciences in the
Ohio Wesleyan female college; and has
also filled the chair of mathematics in the
Depauw female college, of which institu
tion her husband was president. Since-
1877 she has been identified with the Ohio
Woman's Christian Temperance Union
and the Woman's Foreign Missionary so
ciety, and has filled numerous positions
of honor as secretary, chairman and
speaker.
ALBRIGHT, JACOB, clergyman, was.
born May 1, 1759, in Pottstown, Pa. Be
ginning a religious life in 1790, and being
successful as an exhorter, he soon be
came a methodist minister. He made
many converts, 'almost exclusively Ger
mans, and in 1800 a separate church or
ganization was created for them, Albright
being their first presiding elder. He was
appointed bishop in 1807. His denomina
tion is now known as the evangelical as
sociation, but in many places its adher
ents are named Albrights. He died in
1808.
ALBROOK, J. B., educator, clergyman,
was born July 18, 1844, in Monroe, Pa.
In 1870 he graduated from the Cornell col
lege, Iowa. In 1863 he was first lieuten
ant in Milo guards; in 1874 was chaplain
of the Iowa Independent Order Good Tem
plars; in 1892 was department chaplain of
the Iowa Grand Army of the Republic.
In 1896 he was a delegate to the general
conference of the methodist episcopal
church; and is now pastor of one of the
largest and best churches in Iowa meth-
odism.
ALBUOY, WILLIAM A. H., clergyman,
was born July 19, 1861, in Bermuda, "West
Indies. In 1888 he graduated from the
Lincoln university, Virginia, and pursued
his theological studies in the same institu
tion. In 1891 he was ordained a presby-
terian clergyman. He has organized four
churches in Charlotte county, Va. ; and in
1897 became moderator of the presbytery
of southern Virginia.
ALCORN, JAMES LUSK, lawyer, gen
eral, governor of Mississippi, United
States senator, was born Nov. 4, 1816,
near Golconda, 111. He settled in Ken
tucky; was educated at Cumberland col
lege; was appointed deputy sheriff of Liv
ingston county, and held the office for five
years. In 1843 he was elected to the leg
islature; removed in 1844 to Mississippi;
entered upon the practice of law, and
served sixteen years in the legislature of
that state in the house and senate. In
1852 he was chosen elector, and was nomi
nated for governor in 1857, but declined.
He was founder of the levee system in his
state, and in 1858 was chosen president
of the levee board of the Mississippi-
Yazoo delta. He was elected to the state
convention of 1851, and again to that of
1861, the latter body electing him a briga
dier-general. In 1865 he was elected to
the senate of the United States, but not
allowed to take his seat. In 1869 he was
elected governor of Mississippi, and was
elected to the senate of the United States
in 1871 for six years.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ALCOTT, AMOS BRONSON, educator,
lecturer, author, was born Nov. 29, 1799,
in Wolcott, Conn. He was a philosopher
of a singularly unpractical type, whose
personality was of greater interest than
his writings. He was the author of Con
versations with Children on the Gospels;
Table Talk, Emerson; Essays; Tablets,
Concord Days, Sonnets, and Canzonets;
and New Connecticut, a poem. He died
March 4, 1888, in Boston, Mass. He was
the father of Louisa May Alcott.
ALCOTT, LOUISA MAY, author, was
born Nov. 29, 1832, in Germantown, Pa.
She was a writer whose books for young
people have been widely popular. She
served as a hospital nurse in Washing
ton in 1862-63. She was the author of
Little Women; Little Men; An Old-Fash-
ioned Girl; Eight Cousins; Under the
Lilacs; Moods; Hospital Sketches, and A
Modern Mephistopheles. The thoughtful
poem, Thoreau's Flute, is her finest effort.
She died March 6, 1888, in Boston, Mass.
ALCOTT, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, re
former, author, was born Aug. 6, 1798, in
Wolcott, Conn. He was an energetic,
earnest writer upon diet reform, and the
author of The House I Live In; Vegetable
Diet; and Library of Health. He died
March 29, 1859, in Auburndale, Mass.
ALDEN, CYNTHIA M. WESTOVER,
educator, journalist, was born May 31,
1862, in Afton, Iowa She is a graduate
of the Colorado state university and the
Denver business college. She has been a
teacher of geology, bookkeeping and vocal
music, and as a soprano soloist she sang
for several years in the New York church
choirs. In 1887 she became inspector of
customs of the United States government
in New York City, making some of the
most important seizures in the service.
For many years she was engaged in the
state museum of natural history, in the
geological department and the cata
loguing of gems, etc., which was to her
more a work of pleasure than labor. She
resigned her position in the museum to
•devote herself entirely to journalistic
work; for several years was editor of the
woman's department of the New York
Recorder; and is now the editor of the
woman's department of the New York
Tribune.
ALDEN, EBENEZER, physician, au
thor, was born March 17, 1788, in Ran
dolph, Mass. He was of the seventh gen
eration from John Alden of Mayflower
memory, and was graduated at Harvard in
1808. He studied medicine at Dartmouth
and at the university of Pennsylvania,
and followed his profession throughout
Tils life in his native town. He published
Historical Sketches of the Massachusetts
Medical Society; Memoirs of Mrs. M. A. O.
•Clark, and the Alden Memorial (Boston,
1867). He died Jan. 26, 1881, in Ran
dolph, Mass.
ALDEN, EMILY GILLMORE, edu
cator, poet, was born Jan. 21, 1834, in Bos
ton, Mass. She has taught in Castleton,
Vt., and now has charge of the depart
ments of history, rhetoric and English
literature in the Monticello seminary of
Godfrey, 111. She is the author of numer
ous meritorious poems, and has contrib
uted extensively to current literature.
ALDEN, GEORGE ADELBERT, mer
chant, was born April 7, 1830, in Hope,
Maine. He started a brokerage business
in drugs and crude rubber, adopting the
firm name of George A. Alden and Co. In
1878 his oldest son, Adelbert Henry Alden,
then just of age, came into the concern
as a partner. The firm now enjoy a
large business in importing rubber, and
have gradually come to deal in various
•other foreign products.
ALDEN, HENRY MILLS, journalist,
author, poet, was born Nov. 11, 1836, in
Mount Tabor, Vt. He received a college
education, and in 1869 he became man
aging editor of Harper's Magazine. He
is the author of the poem, The Ancient
Lady of Sorrow; and, jointly with A. H.
Guernsey, Harper's Pictorial History of
the Great Rebellion, Mr. Guernsey writ
ing the eastern campaigns and Mr. Alden
the western. He is also the author of
God in His World, and A Study of Death.
ALDEN, HIRAM, legislator, philan
thropist, was born in October, 1792, in
Ashfield, Mass. He was a representative
from Branch county in 1835 in the Michi
gan s/ate legislature, and was of the sev
enth generation from John Alden, of
Mayflower fame. In 1838 he was ap
pointed commissioner of internal im
provements of Michigan, and was acting
railroad commissioner at the time of the
construction of the railroad from Detroit
to Pontiac. He died Nov. 26, 1838, in
Detroit, Mich., and was followed to his
grave by six hundred officials and labor
ers, who insisted on paying the expenses
as their tribute to a friend and an honest
man.
ALDEN, ICHABOD, soldier, was born
Aug. 11, 1739, in Duxbury, Mass. He was
a great-grandson of John Alden of the
original Plymouth colony. Before the
revolution he was lieutenant-colonel of
the Plymouth regiment, and he held the
same rank in Baldwin's regiment at the
siege of Boston. Subsequently he was
promoted to the colonelcy of the 7th Mas
sachusetts regiment. He was killed by
Indians at Cherry Valley, N. Y. He died
Nov. 10, 1778.
ALDEN, ISABELLA MACDONALD, au
thor, was born Nov. 3, 1841, in Rochester,
N. Y. In 1866 she was married to the
Rev. G. R. Alden, and resides in Wash
ington, D. C. Her books are peculiarly
adapted to the use of the youth of this
country; and most of them have been
adopted in Sunday school libraries
throughout the United States. She is au
thor of a popular juvenile series called
Pansy Books, embracing nearly sixty
titles, most of which are adapted to the
use of Sunday school libraries. Mrs. Al
den has from the beginning been identi
fied with the Chautauqua system of in
struction, and also edits Pansy, a juvenile
publication.
ALDEN, JAMES, naval officer, was
born March 31, 1810, in Portland, Maine.
He was appointed midshipman in 1828,
and in that capacity accompanied the
Wilkes exploring expedition around the
world in 1838-42. He was commissioned
commodore in 1866, and two years later
was placed in charge of the navy yard
at Mare Island, Cal. He died Feb. 6,
1877, in San Francisco, Cal.
ALDEN, JOHN, magistrate of the Ply
mouth colony, was born in 1599 in Eng
land. He was hired as a cooper at South
ampton, where the Mayflower was un
dergoing repairs, and signed the compact
in her cabin in 1620. He married Pris-
cilla Mullens in 1621, and the incident of
his courtship has been made the subject
of one of Longfellow's longer poems. He
died Sept. 12, 1687, in Duxbury, Mass.
ALDEN, JOSEPH, educator, author,
was born Jan. 4, 1807, in Cairo, N. Y. He
was an industrious contributor to educa
tional and Sunday-school literature. He
was for many years president of the nor
mal school at Albany; and was the author
of Example of Washington; Citizen's
Manual; Christian Ethics; The Science of
Government; Studies in Bryant, and
other works. He died Aug. 30, 1885, in
New York.
ALDEN, ROGER, soldier, was born
Feb. 11, 1754, in Lebanon, Conn. He was
graduated at Yale in 1773, and served in
the revolutionary war as aide to General
Greene. Subsequently he became agent
of the Holland Land company, and re
sided at Meadville, Pa., from 1795 to 1825.
He was appointed ordnance storekeeper at
West Point in 1825, and remained as such
until his death. He was a great-grandson
of John Alden. He died Nov. 5, 1836, in
West Point, N. Y.
ALDEN, TIMOTHY, clergyman, college
president, author, was born Aug. 28, 1771,
in Yarmouth, Mass. He studied at Har
vard, distinguishing himself by his knowl
edge of oriental languages, and was grad
uated in 1774. From 1799 to 1805 he was
pastor to the congregational church in
Portsmouth, N. H., where from 1800 to
1808 he taught school. Subsequently he
conducted schools for young ladies in
Boston, Newark, Cincinnati, and East
Liberty, Pa. In 1817 he founded Alle-
ghany college, Meadville, Pa., and be
came its first president, retiring in 1831.
He published a collection of epitaphs and
inscriptions in five volumes entitled: An
Account of Sundry Missions Among the
Senecas, and other works, and prepared
a valuable catalogue of the library of the
New York historical society. He died
July 5, 1839, in Pittsburg, Pa.
ALDEN, TIMOTHY, inventor of a ma
chine for setting and distributing type,
was born in 1819 in Barnstable, Mass. He
was sixth in descent from John Alden,
the Mayflower Pilgrim. When very young
and a compositor in his brother's print
ing office he said: If I live I will invent
a machine to do this tiresome work. He
steadily pursued this object, and after
twenty years' labor accomplished it. It
was improved after his death by Henry
W. Alden. He died Dec. 4, 1858, in New
York.
ALDEN, WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, au
thor, was born Oct. 9, 1837, in Williams-
town, Mass. He was a humorous writer
who has for some time resided in Lon
don. He was the author of A New Rob
inson Crusoe; Domestic Explosions;
Shooting Stars; Moral Pirates; Cruise of
the Canoe Club; and Life of Christopher
Columbus.
ALDERSON, JOHN DUFFY, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 29, 1854, at
Nicholas Court-House, W. Va. He re
ceived a common-school education;
studied law and was admitted to the bar
when twenty-one years of age. He was
appointed prosecuting attorney in each of
the counties of Nicholas and Webster, to
fill vacancies occasioned by the death of
his father, Hon. Joseph A. Alderson; and
in 1876 was elected prosecuting attorney
for these counties, and was twice re-
elected, serving until Jan. 1, 1889. He
was elected to the fifty-first and fifty-
second congresses, and re-elected to the
fifty-third congress as a democrat.
ALDHICH, ANNE REEVE, poet, novel
ist, was born April 25, 1866, in New York
City. Her poems have constantly ap
peared in Lippincott's Magazine, The
Century, and various other periodicals.
She is the author of the Rose of Flame
and Other Poems of Love; Songs About
Life, Love and Death; and a novel enti
tled The Feet of Love. She died in Ifcj2.
ALDRICH, CHARLES, journalist, was
born Oct. 2, 1828, in Ellington, N. Y. He
spent one year in Jamestown academy.
In 1857 he went to Iowa and established
the Freeman in Webster City. He served
as a member of the Iowa house of repre
sentatives in 1882-83. Mr. Aldrich is the
author of many of the important laws of
Iowa.
30
HEKHINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ALDRICH, CYRUS, contractor, public
official, congressman, was born in June,
1808, in Smithfleld, R. I. He received a
common-school education; followed the
various occupations of a sailor, a boat
man, a farmer, a contractor on public
works, and a mail contractor; was a mem
ber of the Illinois legislature, and also a
register of deeds and register of the land
office at Dixon, in that state, for four
years. Having removed to Minnesota, he
was a member of the constitutional con
vention of that state and member of the
county board of Hennepin county, in that
state. He was elected a representative
from Minnesota to the thirty-sixth and
thirty-seventh congresses. After leaving
congress he was appointed commissioner
to settle claims against the Sioux Indians.
In 18G7 he was appointed postmaster at
Minneapolis, Minn.
ALDRICH, EMMA B., educator, jour
nalist, author, was born April 4, 1845, in
Cape May county, N. J. In 1864 she grad
uated from the state normal school of
Trenton, N. J.; and subsequently attained
success in educational work. She was
married in 1866 to Mr. Lev! L. Aldrich;
and in connection with her husband pub
lished the Public Record of Cawker City,
Kan. She was one of the organizers of
the national woman's relief corps, one of
the founders of the woman's Hesperian
library club, and the founder of the Kan
sas woman's press association.
ALDRICH, FLORA L., physician, sur
geon, was born Oct. 6, 1859, in Westford,
N. Y. In 1883 she was married to Dr.
A. G. Aldrich, of Adams, Mass. In 1877
she graduated from the medical depart
ment of the Minnesota state university,
and has since taken post-graduate courses
in the best schools in America and Eu
rope. She has attained eminence as a
successful physician and surgeon of
Anoka, Minn.; is at the head of several
literary and scientific organizations; and
contributed extensively to current litera
ture.
ALDRICH, FRANCIS FREDERICK,
lawyer, author, was born Feb. 26, 1845,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was graduated
at the law department of the university
of Pennsylvania in 1866. He has published
A Digest of the Laws and Ordinances of
the City of Philadelphia, and A Digest of
the Laws of Pennsylvania from 1883 to
1887.
ALDRICH, J. FRANK, civil engineer,
business man, congressman, was born
April 6, 1853, in Two Rivers, Wls.; re
moved to Chicago in April, 1861; attended
public schools and Chicago university,
and graduated at the Rensselaer polytech
nic institute, Troy, N. Y., in 1877, with
degree of civil engineer. He engaged in
the manufacture of linseed oil and sub
sequently in the gas business. He has
been a member of the Cook county board
of commissioners, and was president of
that body during the reform period in
1887; was also a member of the county
board of education and chairman of the
committee of citizens of Chicago ap
pointed from the various clubs and com
mercial organizations to inaugurate and
further the drainage act; and served as
commissioner of public works of Chicago
from 1891 to 1893. He was elected to the
fifty-third and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
ALDRICH, JAMES, journalist, poet,
was born in 1810 in Suffolk, N. Y. He
was a litterateur of New York, and estab
lished The Literary Gazette in 1840, in
which a number of his verses appeared.
His poems were privately printed by his
daughter in 1884. He died in October,
1856.
ALDRICH, JAMES, legislator, jurist,
was born July 25, 1850, in Barnwell, S. C.,
and is the son of James Thomas Aldrich.
In 1872 he graduated from the Washing
ton and Lee university of Lexington, Va.
He was a member of the South Carolina
legislature from 1878 to 1889, missing one
term only through sickness. In 1889 he
was elected circuit judge of the second
circuit of South Carolina; he was re-
elected in 1893, and is now the presiding
judge. He has always taken an interest
in educational matters, and has done
considerable literary work, and has pub
lished numerous addresses, essays and ar
ticles on various topics.
ALDRICH, JAMES THOMAS, lawyer,
author, was born in 1819, in Charleston,
S. C. He refused every political position
tendered him except as an officer in the
service of the confederacy. In 1842 he
was admitted to practice law, and soon
became one of the leaders of the South
Carolina bar, especially in the courts of
equity. Mr. Aldrich, like many of his •
name, was the author of a number of
poems and literary articles that have
been a valuable acquisition to current
literature. He died in 1875, at his resi
dence in Barnwell C. H., S. C.
ALDRICH, JOSEPHINE CABLES, phi
lanthropist, author, was born in Connec
ticut. In 1882 she founded The Occult
World, a publication devoted to advanced
thought and reform work. She is vice-
president of the woman's national indus
trial league; vice-president of the
woman's national liberal union; and one
of the founders of the woman's national
university and school of useful and orna
mental arts; and resides in Aldrich, Ala.
ALDRICH, JULIA CARTER, author,
poet, was born Jan. 28, 1834, in Liverpool,
Ohio. For awhile she was engaged in
educational work in her native town;
and subsequently contributed to period
ical literature under the pen name of
Petresia Peters. She has written exten
sively on reformatory measures in the
interest of humanity; and is also the au
thor of a volume of poems.
ALDRICH, LEANDER JEFFERSON,
clergyman, educator, college president,
was born May 21, 1851, in Conklingville,
N. Y. In 1880 he
graduated from
Oberlin college; and
from the theological
seminary in 1885.
He has filled pas
torates in Dover.
Ohio, and in Merom,
Ind. In 1886 he be
came president of
the Union Christian
college of Merom,
where he also fills
the chair of rhetoric
and botany, and also that of Christian
ethics. He has traveled extensively in
foreign countries as a special student of
ancient history and literature. He is
also pastor of the college church.
ALDRICH, LEVI, physician, state sena
tor, was born Jan. 27, 1820, in Erie county,
N. Y. He received an academical educa
tion, studied medicine at the Albany med
ical college and Buffalo medical univer
sity, and practiced medicine successfully
in Erie county and at Edwardsburg. He
was representative in the Michigan state
legislature from Cass county in 1863-4;
senator in 1865, and a member of the con
stitutional convention in 1867.
ALDRICH, MARY JANE, temperance
reformer, lecturer, was born March 19
1833, in Sidney Plains, N. Y. She has
been president of the woman's Christian
temperance union of Iowa, of which she
is now corresponding secretary; has lec
tured extensively, and was a member of
the national convention of 1890, held in
Cleveland, Ohio.
ALDRICH, NELSON WILMARTH,
merchant, United States senator, was
born Nov. 6, 1841, in Foster, R. I. He
received an academic education; engaged
in mercantile pursuits, and was president
of the common council of Providence,
R. I., in 1872 and 1873. He was a mem
ber of the state house of representatives
in 1875 and 1876, serving as speaker dur
ing the latter year. He was elected a rep
resentative from Rhode Island to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses,
and resigned in 1881 to take his seat as a
senator of the United States from Rhode
Island for the term of six years from
March 4, 1881, and received the re-elec
tion in 1886 and in 1893.
ALDRICH, ORLANDO W., lawyer, was
born March 30, 1840, in Clarence, N. Y.
He filled the chair of law in the Illinois
Wesleyan university; was professor of
law in the Ohio state university; presi
dent of the Ohio society of war of 1812,
and judge advocate department of Ohio,
Grand Army of the Republic.
ALDRICH, SAMUEL N., lawyer, finan
cier, was born Feb. 3, 1838, in Upton,
Mass. He is a graduate of the Worcester
academy and the Brown university, and
has attained success as a noted lawyer.
He has been president of the central Mas
sachusetts railway company; was assist
ant treasurer of the United States at Bos
ton under President Cleveland's first ad
ministration, and since 1890 has been
president of the State National bank of
Boston, Mass.
ALDRICH, THOMAS BAILEY, author,
poet, was born Nov. 11, 1836, in Ports
mouth, N. H. He is a poet and novelist
whose work in both verse and prose is
distinguished for grace of expression and
delicacy of execution. His early youth
was spent in Louisiana. At the death of
his father he entered the counting-house
of his uncle In New York city. He occu
pied editorial positions for ten years on
various papers; and in 1881 succeeded
William D. Howells as editor of the At
lantic Monthly, which position he re
signed nine years later to devote his en
tire time to personal literary work and
travel. He is the author of the following
poetical works: The Bells; Ballad of
Baby Bell; Pampinea; Flower and Thorn;
Cloth of Gold; Friar Jerome's Beautiful
Book; XXXVI Lyrics and XII Sonnets;
The Sisters' Tragedy; Wyndham Towers;
Unguarded Gates; Mercedes and Later
Lyrics; Judith and Holof ernes. His
prose works are: Prudence Palfrey; The
Queen of Sheba; The Stillwater Tragedy;
Marjorie Daw and Other Stories; Two
Bites at a Cherry, with Other Tales; The
Story of a Bad Boy; An Old Town by the
Sea: a description of Portsmouth, the au
thor's birthplace; From Ponkapog to
Pesth; and Travel Sketches.
ALDRICH, TRUMAN H., civil engineer,
railroad president, congressman, was born
Oct. 17, 1848, In Palmyra, N. Y. He was
educated in the public school at that
place, at the military academy in West
Chester, Pa., and was graduated from the
Rensselaer polytechnic institute of Troy,
N. Y., as a mining engineer in class of
1869. After practicing his profession in
New York and New Jersey removed to
Selma, Ala., in winter of 1871-72; was in
the banking business there for two years
and then made coal mining a business.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
31
ALDRICH, WILLIAM, merchant, leg
islator, congressman, was born Jan. 20
1820, in Greenfield, N. Y. He was reared
on a farm; received a good education;
taught school for a time; in 1846 engaged
in mercantile pursuits, and in 1851 re
moved to Wisconsin and engaged in mer
chandising and manufacturing. He was
superintendent of schools for three years;
was chairman of the board of supervisors
one year, and was a member of the Wis
consin house of representatives in 1859.
In 1860 he removed to Chicago, 111., and
engaged in the wholesale grocery busi
ness. He was a member of the board of
aldermen in 1876, and was elected a rep
resentative from Illinois to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth and forty-seventh con
gresses. He died Dec. 3, 1885, in Pond du
Lac, Wis.
ALDRICH, WILLIAM DUANE. civil
engineer, state senator, was born Dec. 29,
1833, in Smithfield, R. I. He has held va
rious town offices, having been for some
seventeen years a member of the town
councils of Smithfield and Lincoln. He
was a representative in 1869-70, 1892-95,
and senator since May, 1895. ,
ALDRICH, WILLIAM P., civil engineer,
congressman, was born March 11, 1853, at
Palmyra, N. Y. He was educated at the
public school of his
native village until
1865, when he re
moved with his
father to New York
city, in which city
and vicinity he at-
tended several
schools, and was
graduated from War
ren's military acad
emy at Poughkeep-
sie, taking a course
in civil engineering;
removed to Alabama in 1874, and engaged
in mining and manufacturing, and built
up the town that now bears his name.
The only political office he ever held was
that of postmaster of his town; was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress by the
combined vote of the republicans and
populists of the fourth district, against
Gaston A. Robbins, democrat. The lat
ter received the certificate of election
from the governor on the face of the re
turns. Mr. Aldrich instituted a contest,
and was seated by the house on Friday,
March 13, 1895. In November, 1896, he
was again elected to congress, but was
again forced to contest for his seat.
ALDRICH, WILLIAM W., stockman,
banker, was born Sept. 13, 1826, in Dela
ware, Ohio. He has been president of
the Farmers' and Citizens' bank of Nick-
erson, Kan., and other institutions. He
is now a successful stockman; proprietor
of the Border Lawn stock farm of Tipton,
Iowa, and the president of the First Na
tional bank of that city.
ALDRIDGB, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
contractor, was born Dec. 28, 1856, in
Michigan City, Ind. He has attained a
wide reputation and prominence as a
builder and contractor. He remodeled
the Academy of Music, Wilder's arcade,
and several private residences of promi
nence and architectural beauty.
ALEXANDER, ABRAHAM, statesman,
was born in 1718 in North Carolina. He
represented Mecklenburg county in the
colonial legislature prior to 1775.
ALEXANDER, ADAM R., congressman,
was born in Washington county, Va. He
was elected a representative in congress
from Madison county, Tenn., from 1823
to 1827.
ALEXANDER, ARCHER, freedman,
was born about 1810, near Richmond, Va.
He was a slave, and fled to St. Louis,
then under martial law, in 1863, and was
formally liberated the same year. He
served as the model for the freedman in
the bronze group by Thomas Ball, stand
ing in the capitol grounds in Washington,
and known as Freedom's Memorial He
died Dec. 8, 1879, in St. Louis, Mo.
ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD, educator,
clergyman, author, was born April 17,
1772, in Rockbridge county, Va. He was
a presbyterian clergyman who was pro
fessor at Princeton theological seminary
1812-51. Evidences of Christianity; The
Canon of Scripture; Moral Science; Bible
Dictionary are some of his many works
He died Oct. 22, 1851, in Princeton, N. J.
ALEXANDER, ARMSTEAD M., lawyer,
congressman, was born May 26, 1834, in
Clark county, Ky. He removed to Mis
souri and settled at Paris; studied law;
was admitted to the bar in 1860 and en
gaged in practice. He was prosecuting
attorney of Monroe county for six years;
was a delegate to the state constitutional
convention of 1875, and was elected a rep
resentative from Missouri to the forty-
eighth congress.
ALEXANDER, BARTON STONE, civil
engineer, general, was born in 1819 in
Kentucky. He was brevetted brigadier-
general March 13, 1865, for meritorious
services in the rebellion. He has been
much engaged in the construction and re
pairs of forts and in the erection of Mi-
not's Ledge lighthouse, 1855-61. He was
consulting engineer in Sheridan's army,
Shenandoah Valley, Va., and present at
the battle of Cedar Creek, Oct. 9, 1864.
ALEXANDER, CALEB, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born July 22, 1775,
in Northfield, Mass. He was a clergyman
much of whose life was spent in teaching
at Onondaga, N. Y. He published Latin
and English grammars; Essay on the
Deity of Christ; The Columbian Diction
ary; Grammar Elements, and a literal
prose version of Virgil. He died April 12,
1828, in Onondaga, N. Y.
ALEXANDER, CHARLES, journalist,
poet, was born March 7, 1867, in Natchez,
Miss. For many years he was connected
with the Boston Daily Standard and The
American Citizen; and in 1894 he estab
lished The Monthly Review of Philadel
phia, Pa., of which he is still editor and
owner. He has contributed poems, short
stories and sketches to several leading
publications.
ALEXANDER, CHARLTON HENRY,
lawyer, author, was born Nov. 12, 1858,
in Kosciusko, Miss. He graduated in lit
erature and law from the university of
Mississippi, and has attained prominence
as an able lawyer of Jackson, Miss. He
has been reporter of the supreme court
of Mississippi, and, in conjunction with
Mr. L. Brame, his law partner, is the
author of a Mississippi Digest.
ALEXANDER, DE ALVA STAN-
WOOD, soldier, lawyer, congressman,
was born July 17, 1846, in Richmond,
Maine. At the age of fifteen he entered
the army, serving three years, and until
the close of the war, as a private soldier;
upon leaving the service prepared for
college at Edward Little institute, in Au
burn, Maine, and took his bachelor's de
gree from Bowdoin college in 1870; after
ward located at Indianapolis, Ind., where
he studied law and practiced in partner
ship with Hon. Stanton J. Peelle, now
judge of the court of claims in Washing
ton. In 1881 was appointed fifth auditor
of the treasury department, and during
his residence in Washington was elected
and served one term as commander of the
department of the Potomac, Grand Army
of the Republic. On leaving Washington
removed to Buffalo, forming a law part
nership with his college classmate, Hon.
James A. Roberts, at present comptroller
of the state of New York. In 1889 was ap
pointed United States attorney for the
northern district of New York, holding
the office until December, 1893. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
republican.
ALEXANDER, EDMUND BROOKE
general, was born Oct. 2, 1802, in Hay
Market, Va. He was graduated at the
United States military academy in 1823.
After twenty years of frontier and garri
son duty he had an opportunity for serv
ice in Mexico, where he won a major's
brevet in 1847 and a lieutenant-colonel's
in 1847. During the civil war he was re
tained at St. Louis on provost-marshal's
duty, involving delicate and responsible
administration of important matters. He
was brevetted brigadier-general in 1865,
and commanded his regiment at Fort
Snelling till retirement, in 1869, by op
eration of law. He died Jan. 3 1888, in
Washington, D. C.
ALEXANDER, EDWARD PORTER
soldier, educator, author, was born May
26, 1835, in Washington, Ga. He grad
uated from West Point academy in 1857,
and was promoted second lieutenant
corps of engineers, and served in the
United States army in the Utah expedi
tion in 1858. He was instructor in engi
neering at West Point in 1859-60; and
was professor in mathematics and en
gineering in the South Carolina univer
sity in 1866-69. He served with distinc
tion in the confederate service, and until
1892 held numerous and important rail
road positions in the southern states. He
is the author of Railroad Practice and
various pamphlets and articles on rail
road and other topics.
ALEXANDER, EVAN, congressman,
was born in North Carolina. He grad
uated from Princeton college in 1787; was
a member of the legislature for two
years, and was a representative in con
gress from North Carolina from 1805 to
1809. He died Oct. 28, 1809.
ALEXANDER, FRANCIS, artist, was
born in 1800 in Connecticut. When eight
een years of age he began painting in
water-color without an instructor. About
1820 he went to New York and prosecuted
his art studies, as a pupil of Alexander
Robertson. He worked for a few months
in Providence, R. I., and subsequently
opened a studio in Boston, where he
gained great popularity as a portrait
painter. He went to Europe in 1831,
finally taking up his residence in Flor
ence, Italy.
ALEXANDER, GROSS, educator, cler
gyman, was born June 1, 1852, in Scotts-
ville, Ky. He received his education at
the university at Louisville; the Drew
theological seminary; and the southern
baptist theological seminary. He is one
of the foremost divines of the south; has
been professor of Latin and Greek in the
Warren college, Ky.; and is now pro
fessor of the New Testament, Greek and
Exegesis in the Vanderbilt university of
Nashville, Tenn.
ALEXANDER, HENRY P., merchant,
congressman, was born in New York in
1802. He engaged in commerce; was a
representative in congress from Herki-
mer county, in that state, from 1849 to
1851, and was a member of the committee
on expenditures in the state department.
He died Feb. 22, 1867, in Little Falls,
N. Y.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ALEXANDER, ISAAC J., educator,
lecturer, poet, was born June 5, 1863, in
Pickaway county, Ohio. He is a success
ful educator and lecturer of Royalton,
Ohio, and the author of a number of meri
torious poems.
ALEXANDER, JAMES, JR., congress
man, was born in Maryland. He was a
resident of St. Clairsville, Ohio; was
elected a representative in congress from
the eleventh district of that state from
1837 to 1839, and was a member of the
committee on public expenditures. He
died Aug. 6, 1846.
ALEXANDER, JAMES WADDEL, cler
gyman, author, was born March 13, 1804,
in Louisa county, Va., and was a son of
A. Alexander. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of New York city, and the au
thor of Plain Words to a Young Commu-
n i c a n t ; Sacramental Discourses;
Thoughts on Preaching; Life of Archibald
Alexander; Consolation; The American
Mechanic and Workingman, and other
works. He died July 31, 1859, in Red
Sweet Springs, Va.
ALEXANDER, JANE GRACE, finan
cier, was born Oct. 26, 1848, in Winches
ter, N. H. She is cashier of the Win
chester national bank; treasurer of the
savings bank of her native town, and has
attained success as a successful business
woman and financier.
ALEXANDER, JOHN, congressman,
was elected a representative in congress
from Ohio May 4, 1813, serving till 1817.
ALEXANDER, JOHN EDMINSTON,
clergyman, genealogist. In 1842 he be
came a clergyman of the presbyterian
church, and for the ten years during
1853-62 was principal of the Miller acad
emy of Washington, Ohio, where he had
been pastor for twenty years. He is the
author of a Historical Sketch of Greene-
vllle Church, Tenn.; a History of the
Synod of Tennessee; A Record of the
Alexander Family, and other works.
ALEXANDER, JOHN HENRY, scien
tist, author, -was born June 26, 1812, in
Annapolis, Md, He was once a noted
Maryland scientist and the author of
History of the Metallurgy of Iron; Uni
versal Dictionary of Weights and Meas
ures, Ancient and Modern; International
Tonnage; Treatise of Mathematical In
struments; Introlts; and Catena Domin
ica, a collection of religious poems. He
died March 2, 1867, in Baltimore, Md.
ALEXANDER, JOHN M., soldier, busi
ness man, public officer, was born May 17,
1841, in Delaware county, Ohio. He
served three years In Sheridan's army,
and was wounded at Fisher's Hill in
1864. He is a successful business man of
Gallipolis, Ohio, and has been mayor of
his city four terms.
ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON,
clergyman, author, was born April 24,
1809, in Philadelphia, Pa., and is a son of
A. Alexander. He was a presbyterian
clergyman, professor at Princeton college,
and theoloeical seminary, 1820-60. He
was the author of Commentaries on the
Psalms, Isaiah, Acts, Matthew, and Mark,
and many theological reviews, often as
sarcastic as they were forcible. He died
Jan. 28, 1860, in Princeton, N. J.
ALEXANDER, LORENZO P., soldier,
merchant, state senator, was born Aug.
10, 1820, in Angelica, N. Y. When twenty-
one he settled in Buchanan, Mich. In
1844 he was a militia captain, and in 1845
became colonel of the 28th regiment. He
was a representative In the Michigan
state legislature of 1841-42; in 1867 was
member of the constitutional convention;
and in 1871-72 state senator. He was a
delegate to the republican national con
vention at Baltimore in 1864, and was a
member of the committee that notified
President Lincoln of his renomination.
He was postmaster of Buchanan from
1862 to 1866, and again from 1877 to 1886.
ALEXANDER, MARK, congressman,
was born Feb. 7, 1792, in Mecklenburg
county, Virginia. He was elected a rep
resentative in the Virginia state legisla
ture in 1815; and was a representative in
congress from that state from 1819 to
1833. He died July 6, 1883, at Scotland
Neck, N. C.
ALEXANDER, MATILDA G.. author,
was born June 14, 1842, in Mt. Vernon,
Ind. She is the author of Going West:
Here and Hereafter; and Worth Wins.
ALEXANDER, NATHANIEL, soldier,
physician, congressman, governor, was
born in 1756, in Mecklenburg, N. C. He
graduated from Princeton college in 1776,
and, after studying medicine, entered the
army. At the close of the war resided
at the High Hills of Santee, pursuing his
profession, and afterwards at Mecklen
burg. While he held a seat in congress,
as a representative from North Carolina,
from 1803 to 1805, the legislature elected
him governor for 1806. He died March 8,
1808, in Salisbury, N. C.
ALEXANDER, ROBERT, was born
about 1740, in Baltimore, Md. He was a
delegate from Maryland to the conti
nental congress from 1775 to 1777.
ALEXANDER, ROBERT CARTER,
lawyer, journalist, was born July 7, 1857,
in West Charlton, N. Y. He was made
secretary and treasurer of the Mail and
Express corporation, as well as its legal
counsel; and in 1895 became editor-in-
chief of the paper. In 1890 he was elected
a life trustee of Union college.
ALEXANDER, SAMUEL DAVIES,
clergyman, author, was born in 1819, in
Princeton, N. J., and was a son of A.
Alexander. He was a presbyterian clergy
man of New York city from 1855; and
the author of Princeton College in the
Eighteenth Century; and A History of
the Presbyterian Church in Ireland. He
died in 1894.
ALEXANDER, STEPHEN, educator,
astronomer, author, was born Sept. 1,
1806, in Schenectady; N. Y. He was an
astronomer who was a professor at Prince
ton college in 1834-78, and the author of
Physical Phenomena of Solar Eclipses;
and Certain Harmonies of the Solar Sys
tem. He died June 25, 1883, in Prince
ton, N. J.
ALEXANDER, SYDENHAM B., soldier,
farmer, state senator, congressman, was
born Dec. 8, 1840, in Mecklenburg county,
N. C. He entered the university of North
Carolina in 1856 and graduated from that
institution in 1860. In 1861 enlisted in the
army as a private soldier in the first
North Carolina volunteer Infantry; in
June, 1862, was elected captain of com
pany K, forty-second North Carolina in
fantry; and in 1864 was detached from
his company and served as inspector-
general on the staff of Major-General R.
F. Hoke; after the war returned home
and engaged in farming; in 1877 was
master of State Grange and a member of
state board of agriculture; he was elect
ed to the state senate in 1878, and was re-
elected in 1882, 1884, and 1886. He is a
member of the board of trustees of the
North Carolina Agricultural and Mechan
ical college; and was elected to the fifty-
second and re-elected to the fifty-third
congress.
ALEXANDER, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born in 1726, in New York city. He served
gallantly with Washington during the
revolutionary wa-; and it was through
him that the Conway Cabal was made
known to Washington. He died Jan. 15,
1783, in Albany, N. Y.
ALEXANDER, WILLIAM, clergyman,
theologist, was born Dec. 18, 1831, in
Huntingdon county, Pa. In 1858 he gradu
ated from Jefferson
college; and in Sep
tember of the same
year entered Prince-
ton Theological sem-
-<• aw iiiary, and graduated
therefrom in 1861.
He has been pastor
I in various presby
terian churches, and
was president of the
Carroll college, Wis.;
president of the City
college of San Fran
cisco, Cal. ; and since 1871 has been
theological professor in San Francisco
theological seminary, of which institution
he was the principal founder. He is the
author of numerous published Sermons
and Addresses, Commentaries on Inter
national Sunday School Lessons, and
various other letters and papers. He is
one of the editors and a contributor to
Tha Presbyterian and Reformed Review.
ALEXANDER, WILLIAM COWPER,
lawyer, state senator, was born in 1806 in
Virginia. He was admitted to the bar in
1827, and soon gained a reputation for
legal knowledge and eloquence and took
part in political affairs. For several years
he was president of the New Jersey state
senate. He was nominated for governor,
and lacked but a few votes of election.
After being a member of the peace con
gress of 1861, over which he was fre
quently called to preside, he withdrew
from politics and devoted himself entirely
to the business of insurance, having been
elected president of the Equitable Life In
surance company when it was organized
in 1859, of which he was president at the
time of his death. He died Aug. 23, 1874,
in New York city.
ALEXANDER, WILLIAM IRVIN,
clergyman, lecturer, was born May 13,
1867, in Greenwood, Ind., a suburb of
Indianapolis. He graduated in 1889 from
Hartsville college, and in 1893 from Lane
Theological seminary of Cincinnati, Ohio.
He taught school for awhile, and in 1893
accepted a call to the First presbyterian
church of Decatur, Ind.; and during a
pastorate there of two years the mem
bership was doubled. In 1895 he accept
ed a call to the Willow Creek presby
terian church of Argyle, 111. The largest
country church in the United States, com
posed of a large and wealthy Scotch con
gregation in what is known as the Scotch
settlement. The services of this rising
presbyterian clergyman are in demand as
an evangelist and lecturer.
ALFORD, JULIUS C., congressman, was
born in Georgia. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress from Troup county,
Ga., from 1839 to 1842.
ALGER, CYRUS, inventor, iron found
er, was born Nov. 11, 1781, in West Bridge-
water, Mass. Early in life he became an
iron-founder, and established his business
in Easton, Mass. In 1809 he removed to
South Boston, where he founded the
works that since 1817 have been known
as the South Boston Iron company. Mr.
Alger also devised numerous improve
ments in the construction of time fuses
for bomb-shells and grenades. In 1811 he
patented a method of making cast-iron
chilled rolls, and in 1822 first designed
cylinder stoves. He died Feb. 4, 1856, In
Boston, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
33
ALGER, HORATIO, author, was born
Jan. 13, 1854, in Revere, Mass. He gradu
ated from Harvard college, and for fif
teen years has prepared boys for col
lege in New York city. He is the author
of a series of popular juvenile tales,
among which the Ragged Dick stories are
best known. His stories of the street life
in New York have made him a great
favorite with boys everywhere.
ALGER, RUSSELL A., general, gov
ernor of Michigan, secretary of war, was
born Feb. 27, 1836, in Lafayette, Ohio.
He was admitted to
practice law in 1859.
During the rebellion
he entered the union
army as a private,
and in 1865 was bre-
vetted brigadier-gen
eral and major-gen
eral for gallant con
duct. In 1884 he was
elected governor of
Michigan; in 1888
was a candidate for
president in the re
publican national convention; and in 1889
was elected commander-in-chief of the
Grand Army of the Republic. President
McKinley appointed him secretary of war
in 1897. He is one of the wealthiest men
in Michigan, in which state he owns very
large lumber interests.
ALGER, WILLIAM ROUNSEVILLE,
clergyman, author, was born Dec. 30, 1822,
in Freetown, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman and lecturer of Boston, and the
author of Symbolic History of the Cross;
The School of Life; History of the Doc
trine of a Future Life; The Solitudes of
Nature and Man; The Friendships of
Women; Poetry of the Orient; and Life
of Edwin Forrest.
ALISON, FRANCIS, educator, clergy
man, was born in 1705 in Ireland. He was
appointed vice-provost and professor of
philosophy in the college of Philadelphia;
and was the pastor of the First presby-
terian church of that city. He died Nov.
28, 1779, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ALKIRE, HENRY T., lawyer, legislat
or, jurist, was born Sept. 6, 1854, in Platte
county, Mo. He received the rudiments
_^^__^_ of his education in
the district school;
graduated from the
Kirksville State
Normal school in
1875, and from the
Missouri State uni
versity in 1881. He
has attained prom
inence as an able
lawyer of Oregon,
Mo., of which city he
has been mayor; and
for three terms was
city attorney. He was a member of the
thirty-fifth general assembly of Missouri;
was the nominee for secretary of state of
Missouri; and in 1894 was elected pro
bate judge of Holt county for four years.
For six years he was chairman of the re
publican central committee; and for two
years president of the Oregon school
board; besides filling various other po
sitions of honor. He has written exten
sively on law and judicial subjects, and is
one of the brightest men of Missouri.
ALLAIRE, ANTHONY J., soldier, was
born Feb. 17, 1829, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
He served in the civil war; and rose to
the rank of brigadier-general. In 1867
he was appointed police captain of the
twenty-first precinct of New York city.
ALLAN, JOHN, soldier, patriot, was
born Jan. 13, 1746, in Scotland. He be
came a justice of the peace, and then
clerk of the supreme court, and from 1770
to 1776 was a member of the provincial
assembly. When the American colonies
engaged in the struggle for independence
he gave them active and efficient aid, se
curing the alliance of the Indian tribes of
that region. Congress nominated him su
perintendent of the eastern Indians, and
gave him a colonel's commission in Jan
uary, 1777, and with his Indians he pro
tected the otherwise exposed line of the
northeastern frontier. The Nova Scotian
authorities offered a price for his appre
hension, while his house was burned and
his wife thrown into prison. In 1784 Col.
Allan settled in Maine. The government
of Massachusetts in 1792 granted him a
tract of 22,000 acres, on which the town
of Whiting now stands, and in 1801 con
gress gave him 2,000 acres in Ohio in
compensation for the losses he sustained
for the patriot cause. He died Feb. 7,
1805, in Lubec, Maine.
ALLAN, JOHN, antiquarian, was born
Feb. 26, 1777, in Scotland. He made a
valuable and unique collection of pic
tures, books, autographs, and rare and
curious articles. His collection was sold
at auction a short time after his death,
and the total receipts amounted to nearly
fifty thousand dollars. He died Nov. 19,
1863, in New York city.
ALLAN, WILLIAM, soldier, author, was
born in 1837 in Virginia. He was a lieu
tenant-colonel in the confederate army
during the civil war; and the author of
Battlefields of Virginia; Jackson's Valley
Campaign; and Army of Northern Vir
ginia. He died in 1889.
ALLANSON, EDWARD G., poet, was
born Nov. 11, 1863, in Elgin, 111. He at
tended the Iowa Business college of Des
Moines; has attained success as a writer;
and is the author of several meritorious
poems.
ALLEN, ALEXANDER VIETS GRIS-
WOLD, educator, clergyman, author, was
born May 4, 1841, in Otis, Mass. He is an
episcopal clergyman, prominent among
leaders of modern religious thought, and a
professor in the Episcopal Theological
school at Cambridge. He is the author of
The Continuity of Christian Thought: a
Study of Modern Theology in the Light
of Its History; Life of Jonathan Ed
wards; The Greek Theology and the Re
naissance of the Nineteenth Century; and
Religious Progress.
ALLEN, ANDREW, congressman. He
was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
continental congress in 1775 to 1776.
ALLEN, BENJAMIN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 29, 1789, in Hudson,
N. Y. He published in 1815 the weekly
Layman's Magazine, and in 1820 an
abridgment of Burnet's History of the
Reformation. In 1821 he was chosen rec
tor of St. Paul's church, Philadelphia. In
1827 he established a printing-house for
the publication of tracts and printing of
prayer-books. He published Christ and
Him Crucified; and Living Manners, a
tale; and other works. He died at sea
Jan. 13, 1829.
AL.i-,ji.N, CHARLES, state senator, con
gressman, jurist, was born on Aug. 9,
1797, in Worcester, Mass. He was a mem
ber of the state legislature in 1829, 1833,
1834, 1838, and 1840; a state senator in
1835, 1838, and 1839; and judge of the
court of common pleas from 1842 to 1844.
He was a representative In congress from
1849 to 1853; chief justice of the superior
court of Suffolk county from 1858 to 1859;
and .subsequently chief justice of the su
perior court of the state. He was a mem
ber of the state constitutional conven
tions of 1853 and 1859; a commissioner to
negotiate the Webster treaty in 1842; and
was a delegate to the peace congress of
1861. He died Aug. 6, 1869, in Worcester.
ALLEN, CHARLES H., merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born April 15,
1848, in Lowell, Mass. He received his
early education in the public schools;
graduated from Amherst college in 1869;
and engaged in mercantile pursuits. He
recJfc-ed the degree of A. M. from Amherst
college in 1872. He held several local
offices in Lowell; was a representative in
the Massachusetts legislature in 1881 and
1882; was a state senator in 1883; in 1884
was elected a representative from Massa
chusetts to the forty-ninth congress, and
received the re-election to the fiftieth
congress.
ALLEN, CHARLES WELLINGTON,
physician, surgeon, was born July 17,
1855, in North Hero, Vt. He graduated
from the Toledo, Ohio, School of Medicine
and from the university of Vermont. He
was mayor of Story City, Iowa, for two
terms; president of the Central District
Medical association of Iowa; and presi
dent and secretary of the Story County
Medical society.
ALLEN, CHILTON, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born April 6, 1786,
in Albermarle county, Va. He settled in
Kentucky as a wheelwright; educated
himself for the legal profession; from
Clark county was elected in 1811 to the
legislature of Kentucky, and re-elected for
several terms. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1831 to
1837. In 1838 was president of the board
if internal improvement; and in 1842 was
again returned to the state legislature.
He died Sept. 3, 1858, in Winchester, Ky.
ALLEN, CLARENCE EMIR, educator,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 8,
1852, in Girard, Pa. He was trained in
the common schools of Girard, fitted for
college at Grand River institute, Austin-
burg, Ohio, and graduated from Western
Reserve college with the class of 1877.
He taught one year at Grand River insti
tute, and then was principal of the pre
paratory of Western Reserve college three
years; went to Salt Lake City, Utah, in
August, 1881, where he was an instructor
in Salt Lake academy until 1886, when he
resigned and entered upon the business of
mining. He was elected to and served in
the territorial legislatures of 1888, 1890,
and 1894; was elected county clerk of
Salt Lake county, Utah, in August, 1890,
and served until Jan. 1, 1893; was ad
mitted to the bar at Salt Lake City, in
1892; was the liberal candidate for dele
gate to congress in 1892; and was elected
to the fifty-fourth congress as a repub
lican.
ALLEN, DAVID OLIVER, educator,
missionary, author, was born in 1800, in
Barre, Mass. He was graduated at Am
herst college in 1823, taught in Lawrence
academy, and then entered Andover Theo
logical seminary, which he left in 1827 to
go as a missionary to Bombay. He es
tablished schools and preached in that
province, and made extensive tours in
western India. In 1844 he took charge of
the Bombay printing establishment. He
wrote tracts in Mahratta, and supervised
a new translation of the Bible in that lan
guage. Injured in health by the Indian
climate, he returned to America in 1853.
After his return he published a History of
India, Ancient and Modern, Geographical,
Historical, Political, Social, and Religious.
He died July 17, 1863, In Lowell.
34
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPKDIA OF AMKRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ALLEN, DE WITT CLINTON, lawyer,
was born Nov. 11, 1835, in Clay county,
Mo. He was educated at Wyman's En
glish and Classical high school of St.
Louis, Mo.; and graduated from the
William Jewell college of Liberty, Mo.
He has held positions as attorney of the
fifth judicial circuit of Missouri; and was
a member of the Missouri constitutional
convention in 1875. He is a trustee of
the William Jewell college; and was a
presidential elector in 1896.
ALLEN, DON ALONZO, soldier, clergy
man, evangelist, was born Oct. 23, 1844, in
EHisburgh, N. Y. At eleven years of
age he became a cab
in boy on a propel
ler; and was a sailor
on the lakes in sum-
mer, and attended
school in winter. At
the age of sixteen
years he enlisted in
the twenty-fourth
regiment New York
volunteer infantry,
and served gallantly
throughout the war.
He then served as a
sailor until 1877; and since 1883 has been
a clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church. He has attained prominence as
an evangelist of note in Kansas, Nebras
ka, Missouri and several other western
states. He Is also a prominent prohi
bitionist, and was tendered the nomina
tion for congress, but has steadfastly de
clined all political honors. He now fills
a pastorate in Randolph, Iowa.
ALLEN, EBENEZER, soldier, was born
Oct. 17, 1743. in Northampton, Mass. In
1771 he emigrated to Poultney, Vt., and
became a lieutenant in Col. Warner's regi
ment of Green Mountain boys. He re
moved to Tinmouth in 1775, and was a
delegate from that town to the several
conventions In the New Hampshire grants
in 1776, and to those that declared the
state independent and formed the state
constitution during the following year.
He was appointed a captain in Col. Her-
rick's battalion of rangers in July, 1777,
and distinguished himself at the battle of
Bennlngton. In September of the same
year he captured Mt. Defiance by assault,
and on the retreat of the enemy from
Fort Ticonderoga made fifty of them
prisoners. Subsequently he was made
major in the rangers, and showed himself
a brave and successful partisan leader.
He died March 26, 1806, in Burlington, Vt.
ALLEN, EDWARD P., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 28, 1839, in
Sharon, Mich. He graduated from the
State Normal school in March, 1864;
taught the Union school in Vassar, Mich.,
for the three months following, when he
enlisted and helped to raise a company
for the twenty-ninth Michigan infantry.
He was commissioned first lieutenant, and
was mustered out as captain. He entered
the law school at Ann Arbor, graduating
In March, 1867; practices in Ypsilanti.
He was elected alderman of Ypsilanti in
1872 and 1874, and mayor in 1880; and
was prosecuting attorney of Washtenaw
county in 1872. He was elected to the
lower house of the legislature in 1876;
was again elected In 1878, at which time
he was elected speaker pro tempore. He
was appointed assistant assessor of In
ternal revenue In 1869; was United States
Indian agent for Michigan in August, 1882,
which office he held until December, 1885.
He was elected to the fiftieth congress,
and was re-elected to the fifty-first con
gress as a republican.
ALLEN, EDWIN R., soldier, state sen
ator, lieutenant-governor of Rhode Island,
was born Nov. 26, 1840, in Windham,
Conn. He was educated in the schools of
his native town and at Eagleswood, N. J.
He enlisted in company A, seventh regi
ment Rhode Island volunteers, in August,
1862; was corporal, sergeant-major, sec
ond lieutenant, first lieutenant, and was
in command of said company when it was
mustered out of service in June, 1865. He
served as state senator in 1889-90 and in
1891-92, and became lieutenant-governor
of Rhode Island in 1894.
ALLEN, ELISHA H., lawyer, congress
man, diplomatist, was born Jan. 28, 1804,
in New Salem, Mass. He was a lawyer;
served in the legislature of Maine from
1836 to Ib41, and in 1846; and in 1838 as
speaker. He was elected a representative
in congress from Maine from 1841 to 1843.
In 184? he removed to Boston; was elect
ed to the Massachusetts legislature in
1849; after which he was appointed con
sul to Honolulu. He afterward became
connected with the government of the
Sandwich Islands; and in 1856 visited the
United States as envoy. In 1857 he was
chief justice and chancellor of the Sand
wich islands, serving until 1864; and was
the Hawaiian minister at Washington for
a number of years. He died suddenly
while attending the president's reception,
Jan. 1, 1883, in Washington, D. C.
ALLEN, ELIZABETH AKERS, poet,
was born Oct. 9, 1832, in Strong, Maine.
In 1855 she became assistant editor of the
Portland Transcript; and wrote the cele
brated poem entitled Rock Me to Sleep,
Mother. She is the author of a volume
of poetry, entitled Forest Buds from the
Woods of Maine; and a second volume
of verse entitled Poems by Florence
Percy; and is also the author of The Sil
ver Bridge and other works. She is a
member of the Sorosis, of New York city,
and is still engaged in literary work.
ALLEN, ESTHER LA VILLA, author,
poet, was born May 28, 1834, in Ithaca,
N. Y. Since 1870 she has contributed
stories, sketches and poems to various
newspapers and magazines, which have
been a valuable acquisition to current
literature.
ALLEN, ESTHER SAVILLE, educator,
author, was born Dec. 11, 1837, in
Honeoye, N. Y. For many years she was
engaged in educational work in the states
of New York and Illinois; and is now a
resident of Arkansas. She is the author
of numerous productions in prose and
verse, which have had extensive publica
tion in the leading periodicals of the
west.
ALLEN, ETHAN, an officer of the revo
lutionary war, was born Jan. 10, 1737, in
Lltchfield, Conn. He was leader of the
famous Green Mountain boys, of Ver
mont, and hero of the capture of forts
Ticonderoga and Crown Point, May 10,
1775. He attacked the English at Mont
real, was taken prisoner, and sent to Eng
land In irons. He died Feb. 13, 1789, near
Burlington, Vt.
ALLEN, FRED HOVEY, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1845 In New Hampshire.
He Is a clergyman, author of the text in
a number of popular art works, such as
Great Cathedrals of the World; Modern
German Masters; The Bowdoin Collec
tion; The Dor6 Album; The Gerome Al
bum; Discovery and Conquest of Peru;
and Discovery and Conquest of Mexico.
ALLEN, FREDERICK DE FOREST,
educator, author, was born in 1844 In Ohio
He has been a professor of classical phi
lology at Harvard university since 1880;
and the author of Remnants of Early
Latin; and Greek Versification in Inscrip
tions.
ALLEN, HARRISON, surgeon, author,
was born April 17, 1841, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is a surgeon of Philadelphia, pro
fessor in the university of Pennsylvania
from 1865; and the author of Outlines of
Comparative Anatomy; and System of
Human Anatomy.
ALLEN, HEMAN, lawyer, congressman,
was born in 1776. He was a resident, if
not a native, of Milton, Vt., and adopted
the profession of the law, in which he be
came distinguished. He was a representa
tive in congress from Vermont from 1833
to 1839. He died Dec. 11, 1844, in Bur
lington, Vt.
ALLEN, HEMAN, lawyer, congressman,
diplomat, was born Feb. 23, 1779, in Poult
ney, Vt. He was a resident of Colchester,
Vt.; graduated at Dartmouth college in
1795, and adopted the profession of the
law; and was sheriff of Chittenden county
in 1808 and 1809. From 1811 to 1814 he
was chief justice of the Chittenden county
court; from 1812 to 1817 was an active
member of the state legislature; was ap
pointed quartermaster of militia, with the
title of brigadier; and was a trustee of
the university of Vermont. He was first
elected a representative in congress from
Vermont in 1817, but resigned in 1818 to
accept the appointment of United States
marshal for the district of Vermont. In
1823 he received the appointment of min
ister to Chili, which post he resigned in
1828. In 1830 he was appointed president
of the United States branch bank, of Bur
lington. He died April 9, 1852, in High-
gate, Vt.
ALLEN, HEMAN W., soldier, merchant,
legislator, was born in 1844, in Westford,
Vt. He was a private in company A,
thirteenth regiment Vermont volunteers;
was promoted to first lieutenant company
I, second Vermont militia, in 1864-67; and
inspector of rifle practice on staff of Gov
ernor Woodbury. He is a successful dry-
goods merchant of Vermont; a director of
the Merchants National bank, and of the
Vermont Electric company.
ALLEN, HENRY, founder of a sect, was
born June 14, 1748, in Newport, R. I. In
1774 and succeeding years he made many
converts in Nova Scotia to his peculiar
mystical religious ideas. He believed that
human souls are emanations from a single
great spirit, and that the Bible is to be in
terpreted not literally, but in a spiritual
sense. He published a book of hymns
and several treatises and sermons. The
Allenites became numerous under his elo
quent preaching, but declined after his
death. He died Feb. 2, 1784, in North
ampton, N. H.
ALLEN, HENRY WATKINS, the fif
teenth governor of Louisiana, was born
April 29, 1820, in Prince Edward county,
Va. He taught school, practiced law, and
became a gallant soldier. In 1842 with
his brother he enlisted in the war of
Texas against Mexico; and in 1846 was
elected to the state legislature of Missis
sippi. He ran away from school, had a
roving disposition, and finally settled in
West Baton Rouge; and in 1853 was
elected to the Louisiana house of repre
sentatives. In 1861 he joined the con
federate army, was elected lieutenant-
colonel, and became military governor of
Jackson, Miss. He was desperately
wounded at Shiloh and at Baton Rouge,
and was appointed brigadier-general. In
1864 he was inaugurated governor of
Louisiana, and died April 22, 1866, in the
city of Mexico.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA (IF AMERICAN BIOORAIMIV.
ALLEN, IRA, soldier, author, was born
April 21, 1751, in Cornwall, Conn. He was
an officer in the American army during
the revolutionary war, and was after
wards instrumental in settling the dis
putes between Vermont and its neighbors.
He was the author of Natural and Politi
cal History of Vermont. He died Jan. 7,
1814, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ALLEN, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born 1692 in Roxbury, Mass. He was
ordained in 1718 and became the first
minister of Brookline, remaining in that
charge until his death. His remarks con
cerning the religious revival of 1743 drew
upon him severe animadversion. He pub
lished a Thanksgiving sermon; a dis
course on Providence; a discourse en
titled The Doctrine of Merit Exploded,
and Humility Recommended; a Fast
Sermon on the Earthquake, and other
works. He died Feb. 18, 1747, in Brook-
line, Mass.
ALLEN, JAMES C., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 28, 1823, in Shelby
county, Ky. In 1846 he was elected prose
cuting attorney in the seventh judicial
district of Indiana for two years; and in
1850 and 1851 was elected a member of the
state legislature. He was chosen a repre
sentative in congress from Illinois, from
1853 to 1855, and re-elected to the thirty-
fourth congress. In 1862 he was elected
to the thirty-eighth congress as a repre
sentative.
ALLEN, JAMES LANE, educator, au
thor, was born in 1849, in Kentucky. He
was at one time a teacher, now devoted
to literature. A writer of short stories,
notable for literary excellence. He is the
author of Flute and Violin; The Blue
Grass Region and Other Sketches of Ken
tucky; John Gray: a Novel; The Ken
tucky Cardinal; Aftermath; A Summer
in Arcady; and The Choir Invisible.
ALLEN, JEREMIAH MERVIN, under
writer, was born May 18, 1833, in Enfield,
Conn. Since 1867 he has been president
of the Hartford Steamboat Inspection and
Insurance company; and is also trustee
and director of a number of business cor
porations.
ALLEN, JEROME, educator, author,
was born in 1830 in Vermont. He was an
educator of New York, dean of the school
of Pedagogy; and author of Handbook of
Experimental Chemistry; Methods for
Teachers in Grammar; Mind Studies for
Young Teachers; and Temperament in
Education. He died in 1894.
ALLEN, JESSE C., educator, lawyer,
author, was born Jan. 31, 1832, in Muskin-
gum county, Ohio. For nearly twenty
years he was engaged in educational
work; was then admitted to the bar, and
attained success as an eminent lawyer
of Van Wert, Ohio. He now devotes most
of his time to literature, and is the au
thor of a work entitled Modern World
View.
ALLEN, JOEL ASAPH, naturalist, au
thor, was born July 19, 1838, in Spring
field, Mass. He is a naturalist who since
1885 has been curator of orinthology and
mammalogy in the American Museum of
Natural History in New York city. He is
the author of History of North American
Pinnipeds; and Monographs of North
American Rodentia.
ALLEN, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born in 1763, in Great Harrington,
Mass. He was a lawyer by profession;
and was a member of the state council of
Connecticut for several years. He was
a representative from that state during
the last congress which was held in
Philadelphia, from 1797 to 1799. He died
July 31, 1812, in Litchfield, Conn.
ALLEN, JOHN, lawyer, soldier, was
born Dec. 30, 1772, in Rockbridge, Va.
He was the son of an early settler in
Kentucky, and began the practice of law
at Shelbyville in 1795. In 1812 he raised
a regiment of riflemen which was en
gaged in the battle of Brownstown and
formed the left wing at the river Raisin,
and was killed in battle at that place, Jan.
22, 1814.
ALLEN, JOHN, lawyer, state senator,
was born Aug. 17, 1796, in Augusta county,
Va. In 1824, in company with E. W.
Rumsey, lie located the site of Ann Arbor,
Mich. He engaged in land speculation and
at one time owned thousands of acres of
land in the western part of the state,
much of which was lost in the panic of
1837. In company with Samuel W. Dex
ter, he published for a time the Western
Emigrant, the first paper in Washtenaw
county. He studied law with James
Kingsley, and was admitted to the bar in
1832, but gave little time to the pro
fession. He was state senator of Michigan
in 1845-48. He went to California in 1850
and died there March 11, 1851.
ALLEN, JOHN, dental inventor, was
born May 26, 1823, in Meriden, Conn.
After numerous experiments he succeed
ed by artificial means in restoring the
sunken portion of the face to its original
position. He was largely instrumental in
organizing the Ohio Dental college, and
was professor for many years in this col
lege. He died March 12, 1892.
ALLEN, JOHN BEARD, lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
May 18, 1845, in Crawfordsville, Ind. He
was educated in Wabash college, Craw
fordsville; was a private soldier in the
one hundred and thirty-fifth regiment of
Indiana volunteers; removed with his
father's family to Rochester, Minn., where
he resided until 1870; here he read law,
and was admitted to practice. He re
moved to Washington territory in 1870,
and entered upon the practice of his pro
fession. He was appointed United States
attorney for Washington territory April,
1875, by President Grant, and continued
In that office until July, 1885; and was
reporter of the supreme court of Wash
ington territory from 1878 to 1885. He
was elected to the fifty-first congress as a
republican from the territory of Washing
ton; was elected to the United States sen
ate under the provisions of the act of
congress admitting Washington territory
into the union; and took his seat Dec. 2,
1889. His term of service expired March
3, 1893.
ALLEN, JOHN J. congressman, jurist,
was born in Virginia. He was a resident
of Harrison county; and was elected a
representative in congress from Virginia,
from 1833 to 1835. Subsequently he held
the office of chief justice of the supreme
court of Virginia.
ALLEN, JOHN M., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 8, 1847, in Tisho-
mingo county, Miss. He received a com
mon-school education; and served in the
confederate army throughout the civil
war. He attended the law school of Cum
berland university, Tennessee, and in
1870 graduated in law from the univer
sity of Mississippi; in the same year was
admitted to the bar, and commenced the
practice of law at Tupelo, Miss. In 1875
he was elected district attorney for the
first judicial district of Mississippi, in
which position he served four years; and
in 1884 was elected a representative from
Mississippi to the forty-ninth congress,
and received the re-election to the fiftieth,
fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-
fourth, and fifty-fifth congresses.
ALLEN, JOHN W., state senator, con
gressman, was born in 1802 in Litchfield,
Conn. He settled in Cleveland, Ohio, in
1825; was a member of the senate of that
state from 1835 to 1837; also mayor of
Cleveland; and was elected a representa
tive in congress from 1837 to 1841. He
was a son of John Allen, of Great Bar-
rington, Mass.
ALLEN, JOSEPH, merchant, congress
man, was born Sept. 2, 1749, in Boston,
Mass. He was a merchant in Leicester,
and benefactor of the academy there;
twice elector for president; and was a
clerk of the county court and a state coun
cilor. He was a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts, from 1810 to
1811. He died Sept. 2, 1827, in Worcester,
Mass.
ALLEN, JOSEPH, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 15, 1790, in Medfield, Mass.
He was graduated at Harvard in 1811, and
was ordained pastor of the congregational
church at Northborough in 1816, which
relation he sustained until his death. He
was a delegate to the peace congress at
Paris in 1849; and the author of His
torical Account of Northboro; Centennial
Discourse; Memoir of Rev. Dr. Lathrop
of Springfield; History of the Worcester
Association; and Allen Genealogy. He
died Feb. 23, 1873, in Northborough, Mass.
ALLEN, JOSEPH HENRY, clergyman,
lecturer, author, was born Aug. 21, 1820,
in Northborough, Mass. He attended the
district school till the age of thirteen
years, and graduated from Harvard col
lege in 1840. During 1843-47 he filled a
pastorate in Jamaica Plain, near Boston;
in Washington, D. C., 1847-50; in Bangor,
Maine, 1850-57. During 1857-69 he was
editor of the Christian Examiner; from
1887-91 was editor of the Unitarian Re
view; and during 1878-82 was lecturer on
ecclesiastical history in the Harvard uni
versity. He was associate editor of the
Allen and Greenough series of classical
text-books. He is the author of Hebrew
Men and Times; Fragments of Christian
History; Christian History, in three
volumes; Outline of Christian History;
Positive Religion; Historical Sketch of
Unitarianism; and other works.
ALLEN, JUDSON, congressman, was
born in Connecticut. He removed to New
York, and was elected a representative in
congress from that state, from 1839 to
1841.
ALLEN, LEWIS FALLY, author, was
born in 1799 in New York. He was once
a prominent cattle broker, and the author
of Rural Architecture; The American
Herd Book; and American Cattle.
ALLEN, LYMAN WHITNEY, clergy
man, poet, was born in 1854, in St. Louis,
Mo. He graduated from Washington uni
versity in 1878, and prepared for the min
istry at Princeton Theological seminary.
This eminent presbyterian clergyman is
chiefly known as the author of many
gems of religious verse, which have ap
peared in standard publications.
ALLEN, MALACIAH, soldier, farmer,
public official, born April 1, 1841, in
Georgia. After graduating from Madi
son college, Miss., he taught school for
awhile; he then became a soldier In the
Tennessee division of the army; he
served four years and held the position
of captain at the close of the war. He
was in every battle fought by the army
of the Tennessee, and was wounded three
times. After the war he engaged in
farming; and since 1887 has been clerk
of the circuit court of Madison county.
Miss.
36
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ALLEN, MARY WOOD, physician, lec
turer, author, was born Oct. 19, 1841, in
Delta, Ohio. After graduating she taught
music, French, and German in a collegiate
institute in Battle Ground, Ind., until her
marriage to Mr. Chillon B. Allen, now a
noted lawyer. In 1875 she graduated in
medicine from Ann Arbor, Mich., subse
quently practiced medicine in Newark,
N. J.; and is now a successful lecturer
of Toledo, Ohio. She is the author of
Man Wonderful and the House Beautiful,
an allegorical physiology; and her poem,
entitled Motherhood, won for itself im
mediate fame.
ALLEN. MOSES, clergyman, patriot,
was born Sept. 14, 1748. in Northampton,
Mass. In 1777 he took charge of the
church at Midway, Ga. The British force
under Gen. Prevost burned his church
and devastated the district In 1778. He
officiated as chaplain to the Georgia bri
gade, and was captured when Savannah
was reduced by the British in December.
His eloquent, patriotic appeals and ener
getic exertions in the field had rendered
him obnoxious to the British, and they
refused to release him on parole with the
officers. He was confined in a loathsome
prison-ship, and was drowned in attempt
ing to escape. He died Feb. 8, 1779.
ALLEN, NATHAN, physician, author,
was born April 13, 1813, in Princeton,
Mass. He was a physician of Lowell; and
the author of The Law of Human In
crease; The Opium Trade; and Physical
Development. He died In 1889.
ALLEN, NATHANIEL, congressman,
was born in Dutchess county, N. Y. He
served in the assembly of that state In
1812; and was a representative in con
gress, from 1819 to 1821.
ALLEN, NATHANIEL TOPLIFF, edu
cator, was born Sept. 29, 1823, in Medfield,
Mass. In 1848 he was appointed to the
charge of the model
department in the
Normal school of
West Newton, Mass.,
which position he
filled with marked
ability for six years.
In connection with
Cyrus Pierce, father
of American normal
schools, he then es-
tabllshed the West
Newton English and
Classical school. For
nearly half a century he has taught in
this school, which he purchased in 1853;
and with his three brothers has created
for the institution a national reputation
in the educational world. Here the first
pure kindergarten in the United States
was started in 1863. He has always ad
vocated the liberal and thorough co-edu
cation of the sexes, and is one of the
most prominent educators in the United
States.
ALLEN, ORRIN PEER, educator, phar
macist, author, was born Sept. 30, 1833, in
Wallingford, Vt. He finished his educa
tion at Chester academy, Vt.; he taught
school in several Vermont towns; for
two years was superintendent of schools
in Vernon; and subsequently was prin
cipal of the Toanack institute of Hacken-
sack, N. J. Since 1859 he has resided in
Palmer, Mass.. and successfully conduct
ing a pharmacy. He was one of the
founders of the Palmer Public library in
1878, and has since been a member of its
board of management, and is a member
in various societies. He Is the author of
the Lee. Doollttle, and Allen Genealogies;
and of many historical and miscellaneous
papers.
ALLEN, PAUL, journalist, poet, was
born Feb. 15, 1775, in Providence. R. I.
He was a journalist of Philadelphia; and
the author of Poems: Noah, a poem in
five cantos; Life of Alexander I; and
Lewis and Clark's Novels. He died Aug.
18, 1826, in Baltimore, Md.
ALLEN, PHILIP, manufacturer, gov
ernor of Rhode Island, United States sen
ator, was born Sept. 1, 1785, in Providence,
R. I. He graduated at Brown university
in 1803; was elected to the state legis
lature in 1819, 1820, and 1821; and de
voted much attention to the business of
manufacturing; he was governor of
Rhode Island during the years 1851, 1852,
and 1853; and was elected a senator in
congress from his native state, from
March 3, 1853, for six years. He
constructed the first Watt and Boulton
steam engine in Providence. He died Dec.
16, 1865, in Providence, R. I.
ALLEN, RICHARD, revolutionary sol
dier, was born Nov. 26, 1741, in Maryland.
In 1775 he joined the continental forces
as sergeant, and later was promoted cap
tain. After the war he held several civil
offices. He died Oct. 10, 1832.
ALLEN, RICHARD, clergyman, bishop,
was born in 1760. He became a local
methodlst preacher about 1782, and in
1793, at Philadelphia, organized the first
church for colored people In the United
States. He was ordained in the methodist
ministry in 1799, and was elected bishop
of the newly formed African methodist
episcopal church in 1816. He died March
26, 1831, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ALLEN, RICHARD C., jurist. He was
a citizen of Florida, and was one of the
earliest United States judges appointed
for the district embracing that state.
ALLEN, RICHARD LAMB, journalist,
author, was born in October, 1803, in
Hampton county, Mass., and was a broth
er of L. F. Allen, with whom, in 1842, he
founded the American Agriculturalist.
He was the author of Domestic Animals;
Diseases of Domestic Animals; and New
American Farm Book. He died Sept. 22,
1869, in Stockholm, in Sweden.
ALLEN, ROBERT, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1777 in Augusta county,
Va. He was a colonel in the army under
General Jackson; and a representative
in congress from Tennessee, from 1819
to 1827. He died Aug. 19, 1864, in Car
thage, Tenn.
ALLEN, ROBERT, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born July 20, 1794,
in Woodstock, Va. He was educated at
Dickinson and Washington colleges; stud
ied law, and practiced in his native place.
For a time he held the office of prosecutor
for the commonwealth; served five years
in the senate of Virginia; was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1827 to 1833.
ALLEN, ROBERT, general, was born in
1815 in Ohio. He was graduated at West
Point in 1836, and was second lieutenant
in the Seminole war. In the Mexican war
he received the brevet rank of major. He
was promoted brigadier-general of vol
unteers in 1863, and was brevetted brig
adier-general in the regular army in 1864
He received the brevet rank of major-
general in 1865. After the war he served
again as chief quartermaster of the Pa
cific, and was retired March 21, 1878. He
died Aug. 6. 1886, in Geneva. Switzerland.
ALLEN, SAMUEL, patentee of New
Hampshire, was born in 1636 in England.
He was a London merchant, and in 1691
purchased from the heirs of John Mason
their grant of land from the English
crown. The purchase included Portsmouth
and Dover, and extended sixty miles from
the sea coast. He died May 5, 1705. in
Newcastle, N. H.
ALLEN. SAMUEL C., clergyman, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
Jan. 5, 1772, in Franklin county, Mass.
He graduated at Dartmouth college in
1794; was a representative in the Massa
chusetts legislature from 1806 to 1810; a
state senator from 1812 to 1815, and in
1831; a member of the executive council
in 1829 and 1830; and a representative in
congress from Massachusetts from 1817 to
1829. He was at one time a congregation
al preacher, but subsequently turned his
attention to law and literature. He died
Feb. 8, 1842, in Northfleld, Mass.
ALLEN, SAMUEL WARD KING, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, was born Jan. 2.
1842, in North Kingstown. He received
his education at the East Greenwich acad
emy, the New York Conference seminary,
and the Boston university. He served as
a soldier in the civil war, and attained
prominence as an able lawyer; served six
terms in the Rhode Island state legisla
ture; and was speaker of the house of
representatives three successive terms.
ALLEN, SOLOMON, soldier, missionary,
was born Feb. 23, 1751, in Northampton,
Mass. He was a brother of Moses and
Thomas Allen, who were chaplains in the
revolutionary army, while he fought as a
soldier and rose to the rank of major. As
lieutenant he commanded the guard that
took Major Andr6 to West Point. After
the war he was engaged in suppressing
Shay's rebellion. At the age of forty he
became a religious convert, and at fifty
began the life of a missionary preacher.
A Sketch of the Last Hours of Solomon
Allen was written by J. N. Danforth. He
died Jan. 28, 1821, in New York.
ALLEN, STEPHEN, business man, pub
lic official, was born in July, 1767, in New
York city. While commissioner for visit
ing prisons, he proposed the erection of
the state prison at Sing Sing, and was one
of the principal originators of the project
for supplying New York city with water
from the Croton river. He perished in the
steamer Henry Clay, which was burned
in July, 1852.
ALLEN, STEPHEN, state senator, was
born about 1772. He was elected mayor
in 1821 and 1822. and for several years was
a state senator; and a member of the
court of errors, at that time the highest
court of appeal in the state.
ALLEN, STEPHEN MERRILL, mer
chant, banker, author, was born in 1819
in New Hampshire. He was a banker and
merchant of Boston; and the author of
Fibrllia and Fibrous Manufactures, An
cient and Modern; Theories of Light; and
Religion and Science. He died In 1894.
ALLEN, THOMAS, lawyer, journalist,
railroad president, congressman, was born
at Pittsfleld, Mass. He was educated at
Union college; studied law, and was ad
mitted to the bar. In 1837 he removed to
Washington, D. C., and engaged in the
printing and newspaper business. In 1842
he removed to St. Louis, Mo. He was a
state senator in 1850 and 1854; became
largely interested in railways, and was,
for many years, president of railway cor
porations. He was elected a representa
tive from Missouri to the forty-seventh
congress. He died April 7, 1882.
ALLEN, THOMAS, clergyman, patriot,
was born Jan. 17, 1743, in Northampton,
Mass. He was the first minister of Pitts-
field. Mass., where he was ordained in
1764. He died Feb. 11, 1810, in Pittsfleld,
Mass. His son William is the well-known
D. D. and author, who for nineteen years
was president of Bowdoin college.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
37
ALLEN, THOMAS, landscape and ani
mal painter, was born Oct. 19, 1849, in St.
Louis, Mo. He was president of the
Paint and Clay club of Boston; Boston
Society of Water Color Painting, and the
Boston Art club. In 1894 he was' judge of
awards, department of fine arts, at the
World's Columbian exposition, Chicago.
ALLEN, TIMOTHY FIELD, physician,
author, was born April 24, 1837, in West
minster, Vt. He is a physician of New
York city, and has been dean of the
Homoeopathic Medical college since 1882.
He is the author of Characcae Americanse;
and General Symptom-Register of
Homoeopathic Materia Medica. He has
edited Encyclopaedia of Pure Materia
Medica.
ALLEN, WILLIAM, clergyman, college
president, author, was born Jan. 2, 1784,
in Pittsfield, Mass. In 1802 he graduated
at Cambridge; and
two years later was
licensed to preach.
During 1804-10 he
was a regent in Har
vard college; and
devoted much of his
time to the prepara
tion of the American
Biographical and
Historical Diction
ary. For two years
he was president of
Dartmouth univer
sity; and in 1820 was inaugurated presi
dent of Bowdoin college. He resigned
in 1839, and moved to Northampton,
Mass., where he devoted himself to liter
ary work. He was the author of An Ac
count of Remarkable Shipwrecks; A Col
lection of Psalms and Hymns, many of
which were original; a second and en
larged edition of the Biographical Dic
tionary; and a work entitled Junius Un
masked. He died July 16, 1868, in North
ampton, Mass.
ALLEN, WILLIAM, lawyer, congress
man, United States senator, governor of
Ohio, was born in 1806 in Edenton, N. C.
He received a good
education: was con
nected by family ties
with Allen G. Thur-
man; was an early
emigrant to the state
of Ohio; and adopt
ed the profession of
the law. He was a
reprcsenta live in
congress from Ohio
from 1833 to 1835;
was elected a senator
in congress from
1837 to 1849; and in 1874 became govern
or of Ohio, serving as such until 1876. He
refused to accept any office except such
as was conferred upon him by an election
of the people. He died July 11, 1879.
ALLEN, WILLIAM, lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 13, 1827, in Butler
county, Ohio. He received a good En
glish education; taught school for a time;
studied law. and was admitted to the bar
in 1849. In 1850 he was elected a county
prosecuting attorney, and re-elected in
1852. In 1858 he was elected a representa
tive from Ohio to the thirty-sixth con
gress, and re-elected to the thirty-seventh
congress. He was a delegate to the Chi
cago convention in 1864. and also to the
Philadelphia national union convention
of 1866.
ALL.EN, WILLIAM FRANCIS, educa
tor, author, was born Sept. 5, 1830. in
Northborough, Mass., and was a brother
of J. H. Allen. He was a professor in the
university of Wisconsin; and published
Outline Studies in the History of Ireland;
Monographs and Essays; and edited a
collection of Slave Songs. He died in
1889.
ALLEN, WILLIAM HENRY, educator,
college president, was born in March,
1808, in Readfield, Maine. In 1833 he
graduated from
Bowdoin college;
and then became a
teacher of Greek and
Latin in the Caze-
novia seminary, N. Y.
In 1836 he took
charge of the
high school in Au
gusta, Maine; then
filled a position in
Carlisle, Pa., where
for ten years he was
professor of chem
istry and natural philosophy in Dickin
son college. In 1850 he became president
of the Girard college of Philadelphia, Pa.
For thirteen years he filled that position
and then resigned; but at the end of
four years he was persuaded to again ac
cept the presidency of that institution.
ALLEN, WILLIAM HOWARD, naval
officer, was born July 8, 1790, in Hudson,
N. Y. He entered the navy as midship
man in 1808, and was promoted lieuten
ant in 1813. He was second lieutenant of
the Argus, and commanded in the fight
with the Pelican off the coast of England
after Captain Allen and the first officer
were disabled. He was killed in attempt
ing to board piratical vessels with boats
near Matanzas, in the island of Cuba. His
friend Halleck made his early death the
subject of a tender and touching poem.
He was killed in action Nov. 9, 1822.
ALLEN, WILLIAM J., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1828, in Tennes
see. He removed with his father to Illi
nois in 1829; studied law, and was admit
ted to the bar in 1848. In 1854 was elect
ed to the Illinois legislature; in 1855 was
appointed United States attorney for the
district of Illinois, which office he re
signed in 1860, and was then elected judge
of the circuit court. In 1862 he was elect
ed a representative from Illinois to the
thirty-seventn congress, for the unexpired
term of John A. Logan, resigned, and was
re-elected to the thirty-eighth congress.
ALLEN, WILLIAM TEMPLE, clergy
man, was born on Dec. 15, 1855, in Vir
ginia. He is a clergyman of St. Peter's,
Talladega. He built the church at Boeme,
Texas, and also the church at Gadsden,
Ala.
ALLEN, WILLIAM VINCENT, lawyer,
legislator, jurist. United States senator,
was born Jan. 28, 1847, in Medway, Ohio.
_ He received his edu
cation in the Iowa
common schools and
the Upper Iowa uni
versity of Fayette.
He served as a union
soldier during the
civil war in com
pany G, thirty-sec
ond Iowa volunteer
infantry. In 1869 he
was admitted to the
bar; removed to Ne
braska in 1884; and
in 1891 was elected judge of the ninth
judicial district of that state. In 1893 he
was elected a member of the United States
senate for the full term of six years. As
a lawyer, judge and senator, he has es
tablished an admitted leadership. He is
a marvel of senate oratory, having made
a notable fifteen hours' speech in the
great silver debate; and is the unques
tioned populist leader in the entire con
gress.
ALLEN, WILLIS, congressman, was
born in Tennessee; and was a representa
tive in congress from Illinois from 1851
to 1855.
ALLEN, WILLIS BOYD, author, was
born July 9, 1855, in Kittery Point, Maine.
He attended the Boston Latin school, and
in 1878 graduated from Harvard college.
He has been editor of Cottage Hearth;
Our Sunday Afternoon, and Wellspring.
He is the author of twenty-eight books for
young people, the most notable of which
are: Pine Cone Stories, in six volumes;
Red Mountain of Alaska; Lion City of
Africa; Camp Vagabond; Mammoth
Hunters; The Great Island; Boyhood of
John Kent; Christmas at Surf Point;
Snowed In; A Son of Liberty; Called to
the Front; Mountaineer Series, in five
volumes; Forest Home Series, in five
volumes; John Brownlow's Folks; and
In the Morning.
ALLEN, ZACHARIAH, inventor, was
born Sept. 15, 1795, in Providence, R. I.
He was a noted inventor and manufac
turer of Providence; and the author of
Practical Tourist; Practical Mechanics;
Philosophy of the Mechanics of Nature;
and Solar Light and Heat. He died March
17, 1882.
ALLERTON, MRS. ELLEN, poet, was
born in 1835, in New York. She is the
author of Poems of the Prairies, and
contributes to current literature.
ALLERTON, ELLEN PALMER, poet,
was born Oct. 17, 1835, in Centerville,
N. Y. She has contributed to Milwaukee
and Chicago papers; was at one time
book reviewer for the Milwaukee Sentinel,
and is the author of a volume entitled
Poems of the Prairies.
ALLERTON, ISAAC, pilgrim, was born
about 1583. He went from England to
Leyden in 1608, and came to America in
1620 in the first voyage of the Mayflower.
He was a wealthy and enterprising mem
ber of the colony, and took a leading part
in its affairs. He treated with Massasoit,
and made several trips to England as the
agent of the colony to purchase the rights
of the adventurers, to secure patents for
lands, and to bring over the rest of the
congregation at Leyden. He died in 1659
in New Haven, Conn.
ALLERTON, SAMUEL WATERS, pack
er, was born May 26, 1828, near South
Amenia, N. Y. In 1873 Mr. Allerton be
gan packing meats, and carried on the
business as The Allerton Packing Co., of
which he is president. He now has forty
thousand acres of farm land in Illinois,
Ohio, and in Iowa — upon which live stock
is raised and fattened. He is one of the
two survivors of the organizers of the
First National bank of Chicago; and a
large owner in The Chicago City Railway;
The Arcade File Works of Anderson, Ind.,
and president of The Allerton bank of
Allerton, 111.
ALLEY, JOHN B., manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 7, 1817, in Lynn,
Mass. He entered largely into the shoe
and leather business; served several years
in the city councils of Lynn; was a mem
ber of the governor's council in 1851; a
member of the Massachusetts senate In
1852; of the state constitutional conven
tion held in 1853; and in 1858 was elected
a representative from Massachusetts to
the Lnirty-sixth congress. He was elected
to the thirty-seventh, thirty-eighth and
thirty-ninth congresses, and was a dele
gate to the Philadelphia loyalist conven
tion of 1866.
38
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ALLIBONE, SAMUEL AUSTIN, author,
was born April 17, 1816, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is widely known by his Critical
Dictionary of English Literature and
British and American Authors, a work of
immense labor and research. He died
Sept. 2, 1889, in Lucerne, Switzerland.
ALLIN, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born in 1596 in England. He was a puri
tan scholar, who emigrated from England
in 1637; became the first minister of
Dedham; and was the author of several
works. He died Aug. 26, 1671, in Dedham,
Mass.
ALLIS, LIZZIE MAY, educator, was
oorn May 28, 1863, in Prattsburgh, N. Y..
which city is still her home. She gradu
ated from the Franklin academy; El-
mira college and from Cornell university.
She has filled the chair of German and
English in the Jacksonville Female acad
emy, Illinois; was preceptress for three
years of the State Normal school of Mans
field, Pa.; and now fills the chair of
French and German in the Iowa State
college.
ALLISON, BURGESS, educator, clergy
man, inventor, was born Aug. 17, 1753,
in Bordentown, N. J. He studied at Rhode
Island college (now Brown university) In
1777, and subsequently had charge of a
•mall congregation at Bordentown, N. J.,
where he established a classical boarding-
school, which attained great reputation.
In 1796 he withdrew from his teaching
and devoted his time for several yean
to inventing. Some improvements in the
steam engine and its application to navi
gation are due to his efforts. He was
elected chaplain of the house of repre
sentatives In 1816, and later became chap
lain at the navy-yard, Washington, where
he remained until his death. He died Feb.
20, 1827, in Washington, D. C.
ALLISON, JAMES, lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 4, 1772, in Cecil coun
ty, Md. He studied law and acquired a
high position at the bar of western Penn
sylvania. He was elected a representa
tive from that state to the eighteenth
congress; was re-elected to the nineteenth
congress, but on account of ill health and
his dislike of public life, declined the po
sition. After practicing his profession for
fifty years, he died in June. 1854.
ALLISON, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born Aug. 6, 1812, in Pennsylvania.
He studied law, but never practiced the
profession; was elected to the assembly
of his state in 1846, 1847. and 1849; was a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
thirty-second and thirty-fourth con
gresses, and declined a nomination for re
election. In 1869 he was appointed regis
ter of the United States treasury. He died
March 23, 1878, in Washington, D. C.
ALLISON, ROBERT, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre-
fmtative in congress from Pennsylvania,
fi m 1831 to 1833.
ALLISON, WILLIAM B., lawyer, United
States senator, was born March 2, 1S29, in
Perry, Ohio. He was educated at the
Western Reserve college, Ohio; studied
law and practiced in Ohio until he re
moved to Iowa In 1857. He served on the
staff of the governor of Iowa and aided
In organizing volunteers in the beginning
of the war for the suppression of the re
bellion. He was elected a representative
in the thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth, fortieth,
and forty-first congresses, and was elect
ed to the United States mate as a repub
lican, and took his seat March 4, 1873.
He was re-elected in 1878. 1884, 1890, and
1897. His term of service will expire
March 3, 1903.
ALLSTON, JOSEPH, governor, was
born in 1778 in South Carolina. He was
a planter of education and ability; was
several years a member of the South
Carolina legislature; and was governor of
that state from 1812 to 1814. He married
a daughter of Aaron Burr, and for that
reason was suspected, but unjustly, of be
ing concerned in the questionable enter
prises of that famous man. His wife was
lost at sea on her passage from New York
to Charleston in 1812. He died Sept. 10,
1816.
ALLSTON, ROBERT FRANCIS WITH
ERS, statesman, author, was born April
21, 1801, in All Saint's parish, S. C. He
was a Carolina statesman well known at
one time as an agricultural reformer. He
was the author of Memoir on Rice; Essay
on Seacoast Crops; and Report on Pub
lic Schools. He died April 7, 1864, near
Georgetown, S. C.
ALLSTON, WASHINGTON, artist, au
thor, was born Nov. 5, 1779, in Wacca-
maw, S. C. He was the foremost of Amer
ican painters in his delineations of sa
cred history. Jacob's Dream; Elijah in
the Desert; and Belshazzar's Feast, the
latter on which he was at work when
he died, are among his sacred historical
paintings. He also possessed poetical
talent of a high order, and was the author
of Sylphs of the Seasons; Romance of
Monaldi; and Lectures on Art. He died
July 9, 1843, in Cambridge, Mass.
ALLYN, EUNICE ELOISAE GIBBS, art
ist, poet, was born near Cleveland, Ohio.
She has been the Washington correspond
ent of the Chicago Inter Ocean; was a
writer for the St. Louis Globe and the
New York World; and still contributes
both prose and verse to the leading pub
lications of America. She has also won
distinction as an artist and lecturer. For
eight years she served as president of the
Dubuque Woman's Christian Temperance
Union, and is prominently identified with
various other organizations.
ALLYN, JOHN, merchant, was born
Sept. 4, 1783, in Boston, Mass. In 1805 he
originated the ice trade; and developed the
marvelous processes of harvesting, han
dling and storing ice, which are still in
use wherever natural ice is obtained on
a large scale. He died Feb. 6, 1864. in
Boston, Mass.
ALLYN, JOSEPH P., jurist, was a na
tive of Connecticut, from which state he
was appointed an associate justice of the
United States court for the territory of
Arizona.
ALMOND, MARCUS BLAKEY, author,
was born Aug. 17, 1851, in Stanardsville,
Va. For many years he was professor of
ancient languages in the male high school
of Louisville, Ky., and is now headmaster
of the university school of that city. His
famous poem, Estelle, is a beautiful story
in verse of some fifty pages, and was pub
lished in a volume with other poems.
His next work was Agricola, an Easte:
Idyl; and he is ihe author of several edu
cational works of acknowledged excel
lence.
ALMY, JOHN JAY, naval officer, was
born April 25, 1815, in Rhode Island. He
entered the navy as midshipman in 1829,
advanced to the rank of commodore In
1869; and until 1876 was commander of
the Pacific squadron.
ALMY, WILLIAM, educator, philan
thropist, was born Feb. 17, 1761, In Prov
idence, R. I. He was a teacher and a
member of the society of Friends, and be
came wealthy through marriage with the
only daughter of Moses Brown and re
sulting business arrangements for the
manufacture of cotton goods. One of his
most important charities was the estab
lishment of the New England yearly
meeting boarding-house in Providence,
where he educated at his own expense
eighty young persons selected by him.
He devoted large sums to other charita
ble objects. He died Feb. 5, 1836.
ALoOP, GEORGE, author, was born in
1638 in England. He published a book
with this quaint title: A Character of
the Province of Maryland; also a Small
Treatise on the Wild and Naked Indians
or Susquehanokes of Maryland, their
Customs, Manners, Absurdities, and Reli
gion, together with a collection of his
torical letters.
A I. SOP, JOHN, merchant, congressman,
was born in Middletown, Conn. He was
a merchant, and by his ability, patriot
ism, and integrity secured his election to
the continental congress in 1774, serving
two years in that body. He died Nov.
22, 1794, in Newtown, N. Y.
ALSOP, JOHN, lawyer, poet, was born
Feb. 5, 1776, in Middletown, Conn. He
was admitted to the bar, and began prac
tice in New London. He afterward be
came a bookseller in Hartford, and still
later in New York. His poems were
never issued in book form, but appeared
in various periodicals and collections. He
died Nov. 1, 1841, in Middletown, Conn.
ALSOP, RICHARD, poet, was born Jan.
23, 1761, in Middletown, Conn. He was a
witty political satirist who, with Theo
dore Dwight, wrote The Echo in 1791, a
series of metrical parodies upon current
publications, orations, state papers, and
the like. Other works by Alsop are: The
Charms of Fancy; A Monody on the
Death of Washington; and The Enchant
ed Lake of the Fairy Morgana. He died
Aug. 20, 1815, in Flatbush, N. Y.
ALSTON, LEMUEL J., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1807 to 1811.
ALSTON, WILLIAM, revolutionary
soldier, state senator, was born in 1757
in Charleston, S. C. He was a captain
in the revolutionary war; a capable sol
dier and a zealous patriot. After the war
he served for many years in the state sen
ate. He died June 26, 1839.
ALSTON, WILLIAM J., congressman,
was born in Georgia. Removing to Ala
bama, he was a representative in congress
from that state from 1849 to 1851.
ALSTON, WILLIS, congressman, was
born in Halifax county, N. C. He ap
peared in public life as early as 1794, serv
ing In the state legislature for several
years. He was a representative in con
gress from North Carolina from 1799 to
1815, and from 1825 to 1831. He died April
10, 1837.
ALSTON, WILLIS, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in Halifax county,
N. C. In 1794 he was a member of the
North Carolina state legislature; and for
twenty years was a member of congress.
He died April 10, 1837.
ALT, GUSTAVE ADOLPH F. W., phy
sician, surgeon, was born Aug. 13, 1851,
in Baden. He served two years as house
surgeon in the New York ophthalmic and
aural institute; and In 1887 was made lec
turer on ophthalmology and otology in
Trinity college. In 1879 he published in
Germany, also in New York, The Normal
and Pathological Histology of the Human
Eye; and in 1883 he founded and edited
the first ophthalmological journal. The
American Journal of Ophthalmology.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ALTGELD, JOHN P., lawyer, governor,
was born in December, 1847, in Germany.
When sixteen years of age he entered the
Union army, and carried a musket in the
James river campaign. At nineteen he
began to teach school, and at twenty-one
went farther west. In 1884 he published
-a small volume entitled Our Penal Ma
chinery and Its Victims, and in 1890 a vol
ume entitled Live Questions, being a dis
cussion of some of the problems of the
day. In 1894 he published volume two of
the work last named. He was elected
judge of the superior court of Chicago
in 1886, and was for a time chief justice
of that court. After serving on the bench
about five years he resigned to devote
himself to private affairs. Meanwhile
he had become interested in Chicago real
estate, and built six of the finest business
blocks in Chicago, one of them a sixteen-
story fire-proof structure called The
Unity, which is regarded as one of the
finest office buildings in the country. In
1892 he was elected governor of the state
of Illinois.
ALVORD, BENJAMIN, soldier, author,
was born Aug. 18, 1813, in Rutland, Vt.
He was a United States officer who served
in the Mexican and civil wars; and was
the author of Tangencies of Circles and
Spheres; and Interpretation of Imaginary
Roots in Questions of Maxima and Min
ima. He died Oct. 16, 1884, in Washing
ton, D. C.
ALVORD, JAMES C., lawyer, legislator,
was a native of Massachusetts. He adopt
ed the profession of the law; served one
term in each branch of the state legis
lature; and was elected a representative
from Massachusetts to the twenty-sixth
congress, but died in the latter part of
1839, before taking his seat.
ALVORD, THOMAS GOLD, lawyer,
statesman, was born Dec. 20, 1810, in
Onondaga county, N. Y. He graduated
from Yale in 1828; in 1832 was admitted
to the New York bar; and in 1844 sent to
the legislature, where he remained for ten
consecutive terms. He was elected
speaker of the house in 1858 and in 1864;
was lieutenant-governor in 1865-66, and a
member of the New York state constitu
tional convention in 1867-68. He is the
proprietor of extensive salt mines in cen
tral New York.
AMBAUEN, ANDREW JOSEPH, Ro
man catholic priest, author, was born
March 7. 1847, in Switzerland. In 1872 he
was ordained to the
priesthood in Mil
waukee, Wis., where
for thirteen years he
worked in various
pioneer mission sta
tions in that diocese.
In 1886 he was ap-
pointed to St.
Joseph's congrega
tion in Dodgeville.
Wis., where he has
since faithfully min
istered. In the inter
vals of exacting pastoral duties he has
contributed extensively to church and
popular literature. Among his works are
The Friend of Youth; Roses of Heaven;
and Guide to Our Celestial Home; all in
the German language. In English he is
the author of The Devoted Companion;
Our Christian Duties; and The Floral
Apostles, or What the Flowers Say to
Thinking Man. Father Ambauen is wide
ly popular in his adopted state, both
within and without the church, as one
whose earnestness and thorough devotion
to all causes of good and truth are un
failing and sincere.
AMBLER, JACOB A., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Feb. 18, 1829, in
Pittsburg, Pa. He studied law in Ohio,
and in 1857 was
elected to the state
legislature, .and
served two terms.
In 1859 he was ap
pointed judge of the
ninth judicial dis
trict of the state,
and served until
1867, when he re
sumed the practice
of his profession.
He was elected to
the forty-first and
lorty-second congresses, serving on the
committee on foreign affairs. He still
practices law in Salem, Ohio, in partner
ship with his son, under the firm name
of Ambler and Son.
AMBLER, WILLIAM E., lawyer, state
senator, jurist, was born Dec. 18, 1845
in Medina, Ohio. Since 1868 he has prac
ticed law in Pentwater, Mich. He has
been president of the village, and a mem
ber of Neilsen and Company, bankers.
He was elected senator in the state legis
lature in 1878; was re-elected in 1880;
and was president pro tern of the senate
during his last term. He subsequently
became judge of probate for Oceana
county.
AMBROSE, JAMES W., civil engineer,
legislator, was born Jan. 3, 1826, in In
dustry, Maine. He became a member of
the Maine state legislature in 1883. For
eighteen years he was commissioner, and
is a successful farmer and legislator.
AMBROSE, JOHN L., organist, singer,
composer, was born in 1844, in Sandwich,
N. H. He has composed church music
and has prepared a book of Male Quar
tettes for the work of the Masonic lodge.
AMERMAN, LEMUEL, educator, law
yer, congressman, was born Oct. 29, 1846,
near Danville, Pa. He was professor of
ancient languages and English literature
in the state normal school at Mansfield,
Pa., for three years; was admitted to prac
tice and located in Scranton in 1876; was
county solicitor for Lackawanna county
in 1879-80; was representative in Pennsyl
vania legislature, 1881-84; was city comp
troller of Scranton, 1885-86; was reporter
of the decisions of the supreme court
of Pennsylvania, 1886-87. He was largely
interested in the construction and opera
tion of water works; and was elected to
the fifty-second congress as a democrat.
He died Oct. 7, 1897, in Scranton, Pa.
AMES, ADELBERT, soldier, governor,
United States congressman, was born Oct.
31, 1835, in Rockland, Maine. He received
a classical education; entered the mili
tary academy at West Point, and grad
uated in 1861. He was commissioned sec
ond lieutenant of artillery; brevetted
major for gallant services at the battle
of Bull Run, where he was wounded;
brevetted lieutenant-colonel for services
at the battle of Malvern Hill; was ap
pointed colonel of volunteers; brevetted
colonel for services at the battle of Get
tysburg; brevetted major-general of vol
unteers for services at Fort Fisher; and
again brevetted major-general, United
States army, at the close of the war, for
gallant and meritorious services in the
field during the rebellion. He was ap
pointed provisional governor of Missis
sippi in 1868; appointed to the command
of the department of Mississippi in 1869;
was elected to the United States senate
for six years, taking his seat in 1870. In
1873 he was elected governor of Missis
sippi.
AMES, CHARLES GORDON, clergy
man, author, was born in 1828, in Massa
chusetts. He is a Unitarian clergyman
and pastor of the church of the disciples
in Boston. He is the author of George
Eliot's Two Marriages; As Natural as
Life; and Studies of the Inner Kingdom.
AMES, EDWARD RAYMOND, edu
cator, bishop, was born May 20, 1806, in
Athens, Ohio. He studied for two years
at the Ohio state university, and in 1828
opened a high school at Lebanon, 111.,
which in time grew into McKendree col
lege. Here he remained until 1830, when
he joined the Indiana methodist episco
pal conference and became an itinerant
minister, and in 1852 became a bishop.
He died April 25, 1879, in Baltimore, Md.
AMES, ELEANOR MARIA, journalist,
author, was born in 1830. Under the pen
name of Eleanor Kirk she has published
a number of books; and she is also the
proprietor of a magazine entitled Eleanor
Kirk's Idea, which is published in Brook
lyn, N. Y. She is the author of Up Broad
way and Its Sequel; Information for Au
thors; and Perpetual Youth.
AMES, FANNY B., industrial reformer,
lecturer, was born June 14, 1840, in Can-
andaigua, N. Y. Her first experience in
practical work was gained in military
hospitals during the war. In 1863 she
was married to the Rev. Charles G. Ames.
She has been the president of the chil
dren's aid society; was for two years pres
ident of the new country club of Phila
delphia; and in 1891 was appointed fac
tory inspector in Massachusetts.
AMES, FISHER, orator, statesman, au
thor, was born April 9, 1758, in Dedham,
Mass. He graduated from iiarvard uni
versity in 1774;
studied law in Bos
ton, and commenced
practice in his na
tive town; distin
guished himself as a
member of the Mas
sachusetts conven
tion for ratifying
the constitution in
1788; and from that
body passed into the
state legislature. He
was soon afterward
elected a representative in congress,
where he served from 1789 to 1797, and
gained great reputation for his eloquence
and exalted patriotism. He was devotedly
attached to Washington, and was the au
thor of the Address from the house
of representatives to the president
prior to his retirement from office. He
wrote much for the papers on the public
affairs of America, England, and France,
and both as a writer and orator attained
a very prominent position, and exerted
an extensive influence. In 1809 a collec
tion of his writings, and his life, were
published by Rev. Dr. Kirkham; in 1854
a more complete edition was issued,
edited by his son. He died July 4, 1808.
AMES, JOSEPH, painter, was born
Sept. 6, 1816, in Roxbury, N. H. His best-
known pictures are portraits of Ristori,
Prescott, Emerson, Rachel, and President
Felton, of Harvard, and Gazzaniga.
Among his ideal paintings are: Miranda;
Night; Morning; The Death of Webster;
and Maud Muller. He died Oct. 30, 1872,
in New York.
AMES, LUCIA TRUE, author, was born
May 5, 1856, in Boscawen, N. H. She is
the author of Great Thoughts for Little
Thinkers; and Memoirs of a Millionaire,
a work of fiction. For many years she
has conducted numerous large adult
classes in Boston, giving studies in nine
teenth century thought.
40
HKKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
AMKS, MARY CLEMMER (Mrs. Hud
son), author, was born in 1839 in Utica,
N. Y. She was intimate with Alice and
Phoebe Cary, whose biographies she
wrote. She published monographs on
Charles Sumner, Margaret Fuller, George
Eliot, Emerson, and Longfellow. She
wrote three novels, Victoria; Eirene; and
His Two Wives; Ten Years in Washing
ton; Outlines of Men, Women and Things;
and a volume of poems. In 1883 she mar
ried Edmund Hudson, eduor and proprie
tor of the Army and Navy Register. She
died Aug. 18, 1884, in Washington, D. C.
AMKS, NATHAN P., manufacturer,
was born in 1803. He commenced the
cutlery business in 1829. In 1834 the
Ames manufacturing company was in
corporated, with N. P. Ames as agent.
This company has supplied the United
States government with swords since
1831. In 1840 he visited Europe to in
spect foreign armories, and acquire in
formation in regard to tools, cutlery, and
improvements in arms. In 1836 the
bronze foundry was erected, which has
become the most famous in the United
States. Since its erection nearly all the
brass guns made for the American army
have been cast at this establishment.
Here the celebrated statues of De Witt
Clinton, in Greenwood cemetery. Brook
lyn; Washington, in Union square, N. Y.,
and that of Franklin, in School street,
Boston, were cast. In 1854 the "British
government ordered of this company a
complete set of the machines for per
fecting the stock of the musket. They
are now in use at the government armory
near Woolwich, England. He died- April
23, 1847, in Cabotville, Mass.
AMES, NATHANIEL, physician, au
thor, was born in 1708 in Bridgewater,
Mass. He was a physician of Dedham,
Mass., who published in 1725-64, an As
tronomical Diary and Almanac which con
tained much shrewd humor and original
philosophy and was widely popular. He
died July 11, 1764, in Dedham, Mass.
AMES, OAKES. manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 10, 1804, in Eas-
ton, Mass. He received a public-school
education; was engaged in manufacturing
and largely engaged in railroads; and
was elected a member of the executive
council of Massachusetts in 1860 and 1861.
He was elected to the thirty-eighth, thir
ty-ninth, fortieth, forty-first, and forty-
second congresses as a republican. He
died May 8, 1873, in North Easton, Mass.
AMES, OAKES ANGIER, manufacturer,
banker, was born April 15, 1829, in Eas
ton, Mass. This successful manufacturer
and financier is the
president of the Oli
ver Ames and Sons
corporation of North
Easton, Mass., an
institution which
has a national repu
tation as manuiac-
turers of shovels,
spades, and hard
ware specialties. He
Is president of the
North Easton sav
ings bank; vice-
president of the Easton national bank;
director of the Lincoln national bank of
Boston; director of the Kenily iron and
machine company of Canton; director of
the Washington Mills emery company:
president of the Ames security register
company: and trustee of the state lunatic
hospital at Taunton. Mr. Ames is an in
fluential man In manufacturing and finan
cial circles in the New England states.
AMES, OLIVER, soldier, manufacturer,
governor, was born Feb. 4, 1831, in North
Easton, Mass. Entering early the great
shovel manufactory, he acquired a mas
tery of the business, and contributed nu
merous inventions to the processes of the
manufacture. In 1880-ol he was elected
a member of the Massachusetts senate;
and in 1882 lieutenant-governor of the
state. In 1886 he was elected governor,
and re-elected in 1887-88.
AMES, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born Sept. 6. 1806, in Providence,
R. I. He was prepared for college at
Phillips Andover academy, and was grad
uated at Brown in 1823. After gradua
tion he attended the law lectures of
Judge Gould at Litchfield, Conn., and be
came a member of the Rhode Island bar
in 1826. He served in the Providence city
council; was for many years in the state
assembly; and was elected speaker of that
body in 1844 and 1845. In 1853 he was
appointed by the legislature to represent
the state in adjusting the boundary be
tween Rhode Island and Massachusetts.
In 1855 he was one of the commissioners
to revise the statutes of Rhode Island, a
work that was completed in 1857 mainly
under his supervision. He was elected chief
justice of the state supreme court in May,
1856, and resigned the office in November.
1865, because of failing health. He was
a delegate to the peace convention in
1861. The law books of which he was au
thor or editor are: Agnell and Ames on
Corporations, and Rhode Island Reports,
volumes 4 to 7. He died Dec. 20, 1865, in
Providence, R. I.
AMES, WILL L., soldier, legislator,
was born in Petersboro, N. H. He was
educated at Phillips Exeter academy,
N. H.; enlisted in the first New Hamp
shire cavalry in 1863, and served during
the war under Generals Custer and Sheri
dan. He resided twelve years in Seattle,
and served three years as city treasurer
of that city. In 1897 he became a mem
ber of the Washington state legislature.
AMHERST, J. H., actor, dramatist, was
born in 1776 in London, England. He
came to the United States in 1838 as di
rector of Cook's equestrian company, and
first acted as the Castilian in Mazeppa in
Philadelphia. He was an accomplished
classical scholar, and the author of sev
eral plays, of which the following are the
best known: Will Watch, or the Black
Phantom: Napoleon Bonaparte's Invasion
of Russia, or the Conflagration of Mos
cow; Ireland as It Was; The Battle of
Waterloo; and Ireland as It Is. He died
Aug. 12, 1851, in Philadelphia, Pa.
AMIES. OLIVE POND, educator, lectur
er, was born in Jordan, N. Y. She has at
tained eminence as a successful teacher;
has given model lessons at conventions
and institutes; and for many years was
In constant demand in the county teach
ers' institutes in the states of New York
and Maine. She founded the training
school for teachers in Lewiston, Maine;
has held state positions in the Woman's
Christian Temperance union and the
Woman's Suffrage association: and deliv
ers lectures on different themes connected
with these organizations. In 1871 she
was married to the Rev. J. H. Amies, an
eminent clergyman of the universalist
church.
AMMEN. DANIEL, naval officer, au
thor, was born May 15, 1820. in Brown
county, Ohio. He was chief of the naval
bureau of navigation in 1870-78; and was
sent to the so-called Paris canal congress
in 1879. At the close of the civil war he
designed the Ammen Life Raft, which
saved the lives of more than half the
crew of the Kearsarge when she was
wrecked on a reef. He is the author of
The Atlantic During the Civil War; The
Old Navy and the New; Recollections of
Grant; and various other papers.
AMMEN, JACOB, soldier, was born Jan.
7, 1808, in Virginia. He was graduated
at West Point in 1831, and served there
as assistant instructor in mathematics,
and afterward of infantry tactics. He
was promoted to be brigadier-general of
volunteers in 1862.
AMMIDOWN, EDWARD HOLMES,
merchant, author, was born Oct. 28, 1820,
in Southbridge, Mass. He has been di
rector of the Importers' and Traders'
bank; the United States life insurance
company; and the Dundee water-power
company. He is the author of Historical
Collections.
AMORY, ESTELLE MENDELL, edu
cator, author, was born June 3, 1845, in
Ellisburgh, N. Y. In 1868 she graduated
from Falley seminary, and has attained
success in educational work. Her lit
erary productions consist mainly of
domestic articles, short stories for chil
dren, essays on living themes, and oc
casional poems.
AMORY, ROBERT, physician, author,
was born May 2, 1842, in Boston, Mass.
He was appointed in 1869 lecturer at Har
vard college on the physiological action
of drugs, and was afterward professor of
physiology in the medical school at Bow-
doin college, but resigned this chair in
1874. He is a member of several socie
ties of medical science, and has published
Bromides of Potassium and Ammonium,
and Action of Nitrous Oxide, and has
contribute'd to periodicals important pa
pers.
AMORY, THOMAS COFFIN, lawyer,
author, was born Oct. 16, 1812, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was the author of Life of
James Sullivan, Governor of Massachu
setts; Military Services of Major-Gen
eral John Sullivan; and Life of Sir Isaac
Coffin. He died Aug. 20, 1889, in Boston,
Mass.
AMORY, THOMAS J. C.. general, was.
born about 1830 in Massachusetts. He
was graduated at West Point in 1851, and
served on garrison and frontier duty in
the Utah expedition, and on recruiting
service until 1861, when he became colo
nel of the seventeenth Massachusetts vol
unteers. He was brevetted brigadier-
general of volunteers. He died Oct. 8,
1864, in Newbern, N. C.
AMUNDSON. JOHN A., lawyer, was
born April 2, 1856, in Madison, Wis. He
is a lawyer of New York city, and is
known for his sterling integrity, thor
ough preparation, and distinguished tal
ents as an advocate, and as learned in the
law.
ANAGNOS, MRS. JULIA ROMANA,
author, was born in 1844. She was a
daughter of Dr. S. G. and Julia Ward
Howe, and wife of M. Anagnos, the su
perintendent of the Perkins institute for
the blind in Boston. She is the author of
Stray Chords, a volume of verse; and
Philosophise Questor. She died in 1886.
ANCONA, SYDENHAM E.. congress
man, was born Nov. 20, 1824, in Warwick,
Pa. Removing to Berks county, he was
for several years connected with the
Reading railroad company; in 1860 was
elected a representative from Pennsylva
nia to the thirty-seventh congress; was
re-elected to the thirty-eighth and thirty-
ninth congresses. He was one of the rep
resentatives designated by the house to
attend the funeral of General Scott In
1866.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ANDERS, T. J., lawyer, jurist, was born
April 4, 1838, near Republic, Ohio. He re
moved to Montana, and later to Walla
Walla, opening a law office at the latter
town in 1871. He was elected city at
torney, and also five times elected prose
cuting attorney for that district. Judge
Anders has been connected with much of
the important litigation of Washington,
and was the unanimous choice of his
brother judges for the first chief justice
of the supreme court of Washington. In
1892 he was re-elected for six years.
ANDERSON, ABEL, clergyman, edu
cator, was born Dec. 6, 1847, in Albion,
Wis. He graduated from the Luther col-
lege, university of
Wisconsin, and
from the Concordia
theological seminary
of St. Louis, Mo.
During 1874-87 he
was pastor of the
Lutheran church in
Muskegon, Mich.,
then at Appleton,
Minn.; and since
1888 at Montevideo,
Minn. Since the
latter date he has
also filled the chair of ancient and mod
ern languages in the Windom institute.
He was school inspector for a senies of
years, and in 1884 was a delegate from
Michigan to the republican national con
vention.
ANDERSON, ALFRED HORACE, rail
road president, was born in 1858, in La
Crosse, Wis. Since 1895 he has been
president of the Peninsular railroad.
ANDERSON, ALBERT R., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Nov. 8, 1837,
He was appointed state railroad com
missioner in 1881; and was elected to the
fiftieth congress as an independent repub
lican.
ANDERSON, ALEXANDER, engraver,
author, was born April 21, 1775, in New
York city. He was the first wood-en
graver in the United States. He was the
author of an illustrated General History
of Quadrupeds. He died Jan. 17, 1870, in
Jersey City, N. J.
ANDERSON, ALEXANDER, congress
man, was born Nov. 10, 1794, in Jefferson
county, Tenn. He was a senator in con
gress from the Knoxville district, Tennes
see, during the years 1840 and 1841, part
of a term, and served as a member of the
committee on the militia. He died May
23, 1869, in Knoxville, Tenn.
ANDERSON, C. L., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 15, 1845, in
Noxubee county, Miss. He entered the
confederate army as
a private in the thir
ty - ninth infantry
regiment, Mississip
pi volunteers, March
5, 1862, and served
continuously in that
command, receiving
promotion through
the successive grades
o f non - commis
sioned officers until
July, 1864, when he
was transferred to
Bradford's cavalry corps of scouts, with
the rank of second lieutenant, in which
capacity he served until the close of the
war. He entered the university of Mis
sissippi in January, 1866. where he re
mained until the summer of 1867, having
taken a partial course in both the literary
and law departments. He commenced
the practice of law in the town of Kosci-
usko, Feb. 14, 1868; was elected to the
Mississippi legislature in November, 1879,
and served through the session of' 1880;
and was elected to the fiftieth congress,
and was re-elected to the fifty-first con
gress. In 1896-97 he was United States
district attorney of Mississippi.
ANDERSON, CHARLES, lawyer. He
was acting governor of Ohio in 1865 and
1866; and was by profession a lawyer.
He was a man of high culture, and for
many years was an influential citizen of
Cincinnati.
ANDERSON, CHARLES M., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 5,
1845, in Juniata county, Pa. He removed
with his parents to Ohio in 1855; served
in the Union army throughout the civil
war; studied law, and was admitted to
the bar in 1868. He engaged in practice
at Greenville, Ohio; and in 1884 was elect
ed a representative from Ohio to the
forty-ninth congress.
ANDERSON, CLIFFORD, attorney-
general, was born March 23, 1833, in Vir
ginia. He was elected judge of Macon
city court in 1856, and attorney-general
of Georgia, serving in the last office ten
years.
ANDERSON, DAVID, soldier, manufac
turer, state senator, was born Nov. 26,
1825, in Clarendon, N. Y. He moved to
Michigan in 1854, and settled in the town
of Madison. In 1865 he removed to the
town of Columbia, where he has held va
rious offices of trust in his township. In
1862 he joined the nineteenth Michigan
infantry, received the commission of first
lieutenant, and in the same year was pro
moted to the rank of captain. In 1864
he was commissioned as major, and at
the close of the war received a colonel's
commission. During 1873-74 he served
with distinction as a member of the
Michigan state senate.
ANDERSON, GALUSHA, LL. D., cler
gyman, educator, college president, was
born March 7, 1832, in Bergen, N. Y. In
1854 he graduated from the university of
Rochester; and from the Rochester theo
logical seminary two years later. He was
pastor of the first baptist church of Janes-
ville, Wis.; of the second baptist church
of St. Louis, Mo.; of the Strong place
baptist church of Brooklyn, N. Y. ; and of
the second baptist church of Chicago.
For eight years he was president of the
university of Chicago; and for three
years was president of the Denison uni
versity, Ohio. For seven years he filled the
chair of sacred rhetoric, church polity
and pastoral duties in the Newton theo
logical seminary, Mass.; and now fills
the same chair in the divinity school of
the university of Chicago. He was in St.
Louis during the civil war, and preached
the first loyal sermon in that city in
April, 1861; and he was one of a band of
loyal men whb succeeded in keeping
Missouri in the Union. His writings
have appeared in the North American Re
view and various standard works.
ANDERSON, GEORGE A., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 11, 1853, in
Botetourt county, Va. He removed with
his parents to Hancock county, 111., when
two years of age; received a common
school and collegiate education, graduat
ing with first honors in 1876. He began
the practice of law in Quincy, 111., in
1880. He was elected city attorney of
Quincy in 1884. and re-elected without op
position in 1885, and was elected to the
fiftieth congress as a democrat.
ANDERSON, GEORGE B., soldier, was
born in 1831 in Wilmington, N. C. He
entered West Point, was graduated in
1852, and appointed second lieutenant in.
the second dragoons. On the breaking
out of the civil war he resigned his com
mission to accept a brigadier-generalship,
in the confederate army. He died Oct. 16
1862, in Raleigh, N. C.
ANDERSON, GEORGE W., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born May 22_
1832, in Jefferson county, Tenn. He grad
uated at Franklin college, Tennessee;
studied and practiced law; went to Mis
souri in 1853; was a member of the state
legislature of Missouri in IsoM and I860,,
and of the state senate in 1862; was a,
presidential elector in 1860; served as
colonel of a regiment of the reserve corps
from 1862 to 1864, and commanded the
forty-ninth regiment and first battalion.
E. M. M. in active service. He was elect
ed to the thirty-ninth congress, and was.
re-elected to the fortieth congress as a.
radical.
ANDERSON, HENRY JAMES, educa
tor, author, was born Feb. 6, 1799, in New-
York. He was the author of Geology of
Lieutenant Lynch's Expedition to the
Dead Sea; and a Geological Reconnois-
sance of Part of the Holy Land. He diedJ
Oct. 19, 1875, in Hindostan.
ANDERSON, HUGH J., lawyer, con
gressman, governor, was born May 10,
1801, in Wicassel, Maine. He was clerk:
of the Waldo county courts from 1827 to
1837; a representative in congress from
Maine, from 1837 to 1841, and a member
of the committee on naval affairs. He
was a lawyer by profession; governor of
Maine from 1844 to 1847; a presidential
elector in 1849; and commissioner of
customs in Washington, from 1853 to>
1858. In 1866 he was appointed sixth
auditor of the treasury. He died May 3,.
1881. in Portland, Maine.
ANDERSON, ISAAC, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1803 to 1807.
ANDERSON, ISAAC, clergyman, was
born March 26, 1780, in Rock Bridge, Va.
He was a successful clergyman of Mary-
ville, Tenn., where the Southwestern
Theological seminary was established!
through his efforts.
ANDERSON, J. P., congressman, was
born about 1820 in Tennessee. He was.
elected a delegate to the thirty-fourth,
congress from the territory of Washing
ton. He died in 1873, in Memphis, Tenn.
ANDERSON, JAMES HAMILTON, sol
dier, lawyer, was born May 30, 1842, in
Cincinnati. Ohio. In 1857 he moved with
his father to Keokuk, Iowa; and three
years later to Missouri. For awhile he
was in a regiment of the North East Mis
souri volunteers in 1861; and in 1864
he enlisted in the forty-fifth regiment vol
unteer infantry. He subsequently studied
law in Keokuk. and since 1866 has prac
ticed his profession in that city. He
was vice-president and manager of the
Keokuk and Northwestern railroad; and
he built the original street railroad in
Keokuk, of which for several years he
was president. He is president of the
Keokuk school board; and takes an ac
tive part in the public affairs of his city,
county and state.
ANDERSON, JAMES O., soldier, farm
er, legislator, was born Aug. 1, 1845, in
Henderson county. 111. He left Mon-
mouth college when a student to enlist
in the twenty-eighth regiment Illinois in
fantry, in which he attained the rank o"
second lieutenant. He was sheriff or
Henderson county for ten years, and h^
was elected to the Illinois house of repre
sentatives in 1888, 1890, 1892, and i.t
1896.
42
HKRR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ANDERSON, JAMES PATTON, soldier.
was born in -1820 in Tennessee. During
the civil war he held the rank of briga
dier-general, C. S. A., and was promoted
major-general In 1864. He died in 1873
in Memphis, Tenn.
ANDERSON, JAMES W. D., clergyman,
lecturer, poet, was born March 3, 1859,
in Coffey county, Kan. He is a success
ful methodist clergyman and lecturer of
Kansas. He is the author of a work en
titled The Kansas Methodist Pulpit; and
is also the author of a number of meri
torious poems.
ANDERSON, JEROA1E A., surgeon, lec
turer, poet, was born July 25, 1849, in
Randolph county, Ind. In 1857 he re
moved to Kansas, and at the age of six
teen was a member of the Kansas troops
in the Price raid of the late civil war.
In 1872 he removed to California. After
graduating, Mr. Anderson served one
year as surgeon on the Pacific mail steam
er, and has practiced medicine continually
since. He is at present editing a de
partment of Oriental Literature in the
Golden Era of San Diego, being also en
gaged in writing and lecturing upon
Theosophy.
ANDERSON, JOHN, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in Wind-
ham, Conn. In 1813 he graduated from
Bowdoin college, and
became a noted law
yer of Portland,
Maine. In 1823 he
served with distinc
tion as a member of
the Maine state sen
ate; and during
1825-33 was an able
and useful member
of congress. During
1833-36 he was
United States dis
trict attorney for
Maine; and for many years was collector
of the port for Portland. He was three
times chosen mayor of Portland, and dis
charged his duties with great ability.
He died in 1853.
ANDERSON, JOHN A., congressman,
was born June 6, 1834, in Washington
county, Pa. He graduated at Miami uni
versity, Ohio, in 1853; removed to Cali
fornia; in 1857 was ordained a minister
of the Presbyterian church; was elected
trustee of the State Insane asylum in
1860; was a chaplain of volunteers in
1862; was in the service of the United
States sanitary commission from 1863 to
1867. and was president of the Kansas
State Agricultural college from 1875 to
1879. He was elected a representative
from Kansas to the forty-sixth, forty-
seventh, forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth,
and fifty-first congresses.
ANDERSON, JOHN JACOB, educator,
author, was born in 1821, in New York
city. He is an educator of New York city
who prepared a number of historical text
books, among which are A History of
France; and Common School History of
the United States.
ANDERSON, JOSEPH, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator', was born
Nov. fi, 1757, near Philadelphia, Pa. He
was appointed an ensign in the New Jer
sey line in 1775; was promoted to an
adjutancy; as a captain fought at the
battle of Monmouth; also went in 1779
with Sullivan against the Six Nations;
in 1780 was at Valley Forge; in 1781 at
the siege of York; and after the war re
tired with tho rank of brevet major. He
practiced law In Delaware for seven years.
In 1791 was appointed judge of the ter
ritory south of the Ohio river; remained
in that position until the first constitution
of Tennessee was formed, which he aided
in forming in convention; and was an in
fluential member of the United States sen
ate from Tennessee from 1797 to 1815.
He was appointed in 1815 first comptroller
of the treasury, where he remained until
1836. He died April 17, 1837, in Washing
ton, D. C.
ANDERSON, JOSEPH, clergyman, au
thor, was born Dec. 16, 1836, in Scotland.
He has been pastor of congregational
churches in Stamford, Norwalk and
Waterbury, Conn.; at the latter since
1865. In 1877 and 1890 he was moderator
of the general association of Connecticut,
and in 1878 of the congregational churches
of the Connecticut general conference.
He is the author of The Church of Mat-
tatuck; and History of Waterbury.
ANDERSON, JOSEPH H., congressman,
was born in New York. He was elected a
representative in congress from that state,
from 1843 to 1847.
ANDERSON, JOSEPH W.. railroad pres
ident, was born Feb. 5, 1837, in York
county, Pa. Since, 1895 he has been presi
dent of the Stewartstown railroad of
Pennsylvania.
ANDERSON, JOSEPHUS, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born Oct. 7, 1829,
in Hanover county, Va. He is one of the
foremost clergymen of the methodist epis
copal church south; and has held the
highest offices in the gift of that denom
ination. For the past ten years he has
been editor of the Florida Christian Ad
vocate of Leesburg, Fla.
ANDERSON, JOSIAH M., congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was a repre
sentative in congress from the third dis
trict in that state, from 1849 to 1852; and
was delegate to the peace congress of
1861.
ANDERSON, LUCIEN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born June, 1824, in May-
field, Ky. He received a good English
education; adopted the profession of the
law; was a presidential elector in 1852;
served for two terms as a member of the
Kentucky legislature. In 1863 was elected
a representative from Kentucky to the
thirty-eighth congress. He was a dele
gate to the Baltimore convention of 1864,
and a delegate to the Philadelphia loyal
ists' convention of 1866.
ANDERSON, MARION T., soldier, was
born Nov. 13, 1839, in Clarksburg, Ind.
He served as a union soldier during the
civil war, and joined
company C, seventh
Indiana volunteer in
fantry; and was in
the first battle of the
war, and captured
the first rebel flag.
He was promoted to
sergeant, acting
major of the regi-
jA •P^'k nient, and in 1862
^L was commissioned
y#- ^Hfc second lieutenant.
In 1863 he received
his commission as captain, and as such
was severely wounded on Dec. 31 of that
year. For seven months he was an in
mate of Libby prison; was one of the
nty-flve officers who drew lots for
i heir lives to afford two victims to be
hanged the following morning in retalia
tion for some executions of rebel spies
made by Gen. Burnside In Kentucky; and
on Dec. 11 made his successful escape
from that prison.
ANDKK.. .»<(, MARY, actress, was born
July 28, 1859, in Sacramento, Cal. Her
remarkable beauty and grace aided
materially In making her a social as
well as a dramatic success. In 1890 she
married Mr. Navarro of New York, and
retired from the stage.
ANDERSON, MELVILLE BEST, edu
cator, translator, and critic, was born
March 28, 1851, in Kalamazoo, Mich. He
is a professor of English literature in
Stanford university, California. He is the
translator of Victor Hugo's William
Shakespeare, and several other works, in
cluding Paul and Virginia. He is noted
as a literary critic, and for many years
has been a contributor to The Dial.
ANDERSON, NORTON BROCK, law
yer, legislator, was born Jan. 8, 1843, in
Todd county, Ky. He received his edu
cation at the Paducah college, Kentucky,
Bethel college of Russellville, Ky. ; and
at Harvard university. He has attained
prominence as an able lawyer of Plane
City, Mo., and in 1870 was elected prose
cuting attorney of his county. During
1889-93 he served as a member of the
Missouri state senate. He was one of
the revisers of the Missouri general stat
utes; and has contributed extensively to
law literature.
ANDERSON, OPHi^iA BivOWN, ac
tress, was born July 24, 1813, in Boston.
She was the daughter of Mrs. Pelby, an
actress, and appeared on the stage in
Boston, when two years old, as Cora's
child in Pizarro. She became a favorite
with the American public, and was the
chief attraction in the Tremont and Na
tional theaters, of which successively her
father was the manager. She died Jan.
27, 1852, in Jamaica Plain, Mass.
ANDERSON, OSCAR DAVID, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 27, 1854, in James
town, N. Y. He has attained success as
an able lawyer of Red Wing, Minn.; has
been justice of the peace; judge of pro
bate court; court commissioner; and has
filled various other public positions of
trust.
ANDERSON, OTTO LEANDER, farmer,
lecturer, legislator, was born Feb. 27,
1849, in Sweden. He is a successful
farmer of Rockerville, S. D.; was a repre
sentative in the fifth session of the South
Dakota legislature; and a successful al
liance lecturer and organizer of the
people's party.
ANDERSON, RASMUS BJORN, author,
was born Jan. 12, 1846, in Albion, Wis.
In 1866 he became professor of Greek and
modern languages in
Albion academy,
near his home. In
1869 he became in
structor in languages
in the university of
Wisconsin, and in
1875-83 filled th«
chair of Scandinav
ian languages and
literature in that in
stitution, where he
also founded a Scan
dinavian library. He
has been a prolific writer, and has contrib
uted to Johnson's Universal Cyclopeuia;
McClintock and Strong's Cyclopedia, The
American Supplement of the Encyclopedia
Britannica; and to the last edition of
Chambers' Encyclopedia. He has lec
tured extensively on the subject of Norse
literature and mythology. During 1885-
89 he was United States minister to Den
mark. As an author of books he has
won an enviable reputation, his principal
works being Norse Mythology; America
Not Discovered by Columbus; Echoes
from Mist-Land; History of the Litera
ture of the Scandinavian North: Viking
Tales of the North: The Younger Edda;
The Elder Edda: and various other worKS.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
43
ANDERSON, RICHARD CLOuGH, sol
dier, was born Jan. 12, 1750, in Hanover,
Va. As captain in the fifth Virginia con
tinentals, he led the advance of me Amer
icans at the battle of Trenton (Dec. 24,
1776), crossing the Delaware river in the
first boat, and driving in the Hessian out
posts several hours before the main at
tack was delivered. He was at the battles
of Brandywine and Germantown, and was
a daring leader wherever dash and reso
lution were needed. He died Oct. 16, 1826,
in Louisville, Ky.
ANDERSON, RICHARD C-LOUGH, JR.,
lawyer, congressman, was born Aug. 14,
1788, in Louisville, Ky. He practiced with
success at the Kentucky bar, and, after
sitting in the legislature, was elected to
congress in 1817 and again the following
term. In 1822 he was again returned to
the legislature, and was chosen speaker.
He was appointed minister to Columoia
in 1823 and in 1826, when, proceeding to
the Panama congress as envoy extra
ordinary, he died on the journey. He died
July 24, 1826.
ANDERSON, RICHARD H., soldier,
was born Oct. 7, 1821, in Slatesburg, S. C.
He was made a brigadier-general in the
confederate army, promoted to lieutenant-
general in 1864, and in the Wilderness
campaign had several important com
mands. He died June 26, 1879, in Beau
fort, S. C.
ANDERSON, ROBERT, soldier, was
born June 14, 1805, in Louisville, Ky. In
1825 he graduated from West Point, ami
„ . was assigned to the
third artillery as
second lieutenant. In
the Black Hawk war
of 1832 he was col
onel of a company
of Illinois volun
teers. He took part
in the Seminole and
Mexican wars; and
in 1857 was appoint
ed major of the first
artillery. He was
commander of Fort
Sumter when it was forced to surrender.
He attained the rank of brigadier-gen
eral, and subsequently was brevetted
major-general. He was one of the found
ers of the Soldier's Home in Washington.
He died Oct. 27, 1871, in Nice, France.
ANDERSON, ROBERT HOUSTON, sol
dier, was born Oct. 1, 1835, in Savannah,
Ga. He entered the confederate army in
1861 and rose by successive advancements
to brigadier-general in 1864.
ANDERSON, ROBERT L., railroad
president, was born Dec. 11, 1856, in May-
field, Ky. He is president of the Live
Oak and Gulf railroad at Ocala, Fla.
ANDERSON, RUFUS, missionary, au
thor, was born Aug. 17, 1796, in North
Yarmouth, Maine. He graduated from
Bowdoin in 1818, and
subsequently gradu
ated from the An-
dover seminary. He
devised the Chris
tian Almanac, which
is etill continued
under the title of the
-v_^y I Family Christian Al-
jif I manac, which has a
^ •••$*•. i^^ ? circulation of nearly
B •• half a million copies
I annually. In 1826 he
was ordained a
clergyman; and has been a missionary
in various countries. He was the author
of Memoir of Catharine Brown, which had
a large circulation both in America and
in England. He was secretary of the
American board of foreign missions in
1824-74. He was also the author of For
eign Missions, Their Relations and
Claims; History of the American Board's
Missions in the Sandwich Islands, Tur
key and India, Peloponnesus and Greek
Islands. He died May 30, 1880.
ANDREW, SAMUEL, clergyman, was
born in 1656, in Cambridge, Mass. In 1707-
19 he was rector of Yale college. He died
Jan. 24, 1738.
ANDERSON, bAMUEL, congressman,
was born in 1774, in Pennsylvania. He
served repeatedly in the legislature of
that state; and was speaker of me house
during two sessions. He was elected a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1827 to 1839, and was a mem
ber of the committee on the boundary line
of Missouri. He died Jan. 17, 1850, in
Chester, Pa.
ANDERSON, SAmoEL GRAHAM,
clergyman, evangelist, was born Sept. 17,
1842, in Glasgow, Scotland. In 1876 he
was ordained a clergyman of the baptist
church, and has filled pastorates in Can
ada, New York and Michigan, in which
latter state he fills a pastorate in Ish-
peming. He has been instrumental in
organizing and building a number of
churches; takes a practicable interest in
all missionary, education and charitable
enterprises; and has been very success
ful as an evangelist.
ANDERSON, SAMUEL JAMESON, was
born in December, 1824, in Portland,
Maine. In 1856 he was elected attorney
for the county of Cumberland, and in 1856
was surveyor of the port, and held the
office four years. In 1869 he was elected
president of the Portland and Ogdens-
burg railroad on its organization, and is
now in that position. In 1878 he was
nominated by the democratic party for
congress, but failed of an election. For
some years he was major-general in the
state militia.
ANDERSON, SIMEON H., congressman,
was born March 2, 1802, in Garrard coun
ty, Ky. He studied law, and practiced
with success; and served frequently in the
Kentucky legislature. He was elected a
representative in congress from the fifth
congressional district of Kentucky, from
1839 to 1841, and served as a member of
the committee on postoffices and post
roads. He died Aug. 11, 1840, near Lan
caster, Ky.
ANDERSON, T. J. soldier, was born in
1839, in Portage county, Ohio. He moved
to Kansas in 1856; and in 1861 enlisted as
a private in the fifth Kansas cavalry,
and was brevetted colonel at the close of
the war. He has been commander of
his post at Topeka, and also served as de
partment commander.
ANDERSON. THOMAS, soldier, clergy
man, was born Jan. 1, 1791, in Mercer
county, Pa. He graduated in 1820 from
the Washington college of Washington,
Pa. He served as a private during the
war of 1812. In 1825 he entered the minis
try, and was a home missionary in west
ern Pennsylvania from that time until
1843. He died Dec. 20, 1853.
ANDERSON. THOMAS L., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 1, 1808, in Greene
county, Ky. He was self-educated; re
moved to Missouri in 1830, where he com
menced the practice of law at twenty-one
years of age; and was elected to the legis
lature of that state in 1840. He was a
presidential elector in 1844, 1848, 1852,
and 1856; was a member of the conven
tion for remodeling the state constitution
in 1845; and was elected a representative
to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses.
ANDERSON, THOMAS MAC ARTHUR,
lawyer, army officer, author, was born
Jan. 21, 1836, in Chillicothe, Ohio. He
_ was educated at the
Mount St. Mary's
college, Maryland;
and graduated from
the Cincinnati law
school; and subse
quently practiced
law. During the civil
war he served as a
soldier in the sixth
regiment of the Ohio
volunteer infantry.
He has been lieuten
ant in the fifth U. S.
cavalry; captain in the twelfth U. S. in
fantry; and was acting field officer dur
ing the civil war; major of the twenty-
first U. S. infantry; major of the tenth
U. S. infantry; lieutenant-colonel ninth
U. S. infantry; and since 1886 has been
colonel of the fourteenth U. S. infantry.
He has been vice-president of the Sons
of the American Revolution; past com
mander of the Loyal Legion; besides
holding various other positions of honor.
He is the author of a number of Mono
graphs of Military, Masonic, and Patriotic
subjects. In 1898 he accompanied Gen.
Merritt to Manila as a brigadier-general.
ANDERSON, WILLIAM, soldier, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1763, in Chester
county, Pa. He served throughout the
revolutionary war with credit, taking a
prominent part in the siege of Yorktown.
After the war returned to Delaware coun
ty, Pa.; was a representative in congress
from that state from 1809 to 1815, and
from 1817 to 1819; was afterwards a
judge of Delaware county court, and a
customhouse officer at Chester, Pa. He
died Dec. 14, 1829, in Chester, Pa.
ANDERSON, WILLIAM, clergyman,
was born April 29, 1864, in England. He
was a local preacher in the Wesleyan
methodist church in England; and subse
quently attended the Drew Theological
seminary of Madison, N. J. He is now
one of the foremost clergymen of the
south in the methodist episcopal church,
and fills a pastorate in Wheeling, W. Va.
ANDERSON, WILLIAM B., farmer,
general, congressman, was born April 2,
1830, in Mount Vernon, 111. He received a
common school education; was elected
surveyor of Jefferson county in 3851; stud
ied law, was admitted to the bar in 1858,
but never practiced, engaging in agricult
ural pursuits, and is by occupation a
farmer. He was elected a member of the
state house of representatives of Illinois
in 1856, and again in 1858; entered the
union army in 1861 as private, was suc
cessively elected captain, lieutenant-col
onel, and colonel, and was brevetted brig
adier-general. He was a presidential
elector on the Seymour and Blair ticket in
1868; was elected a member of the consti
tutional convention of Illinois in 1869;
was elected to the state senate of Illinois
Nov. 5, 1871, to fill a vacancy; and was
elected to the forty-fourth congress as an
independent reformer.
ANDERSON, WILLIAM C., lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 6, 1826, in
Lancaster, Ky. He was educated at the
college of Danville; and adopted the pro
fession of the law. He served in the Ken
tucky legislature in 1851 and 1853; was a
presidential elector in 1856; and in 1859
was elected a representative from Ken
tucky to the thirty-sixth congress. He
died Dec. 23, 1861, in Frankfort, Ky.
44
1 HERRI.XGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ANDERSON, WILLIAM COLMAN, was
born July 11. 1853. near Greeneville, Tenn.
He was raised on a farm; graduated from
Tusculum college in 1876; read law at
Newport, Tenn.. and was admitted to the
bar in 1878. He was elected to the state
legislature from Cocke and Sevier coun
ties in 1880 as a republican; was chair
man of the republican congressional com
mittee for the first district for six years;
was appointed a principal examiner of
contested land claims in the general land
office in 1889, and afterwards promoted
for merit, first to chief of the contest di
vision, and then to chief clerk of the gen
eral land office. He was assistant secre
tary of the republican national committee,
with headquarters in New York, during
the campaign of 1892, and took an active
part in that campaign. He returned to
Newport in the spring of 1893 to resume
his law practice, and was nominated in
1894 and elected to the fifty-fourth con
gress as a republican.
ANDERSON, WILLIAM J., lawyer, pub
lic official, was born May 20, 1854, in On
tario. Canada. He received his education
in the public schools of the United States;
has occupied the positions of receiver of
public moneys; county auditor, and mayor
of Grand Forks, N. D. He takes an active
part in public affairs; and was appointed
a judge at the World's Columbian expo
sition.
ANDERSON, WILLIAM PELBY, actor,
manager, was born March 16, 1793. in
Boston, Mass. He managed the Tremont;
built the Warren theater; and appeared
in London as Hamlet and Brutus.
ANDREASEN, MATTHIAS N., clergy
man, orator, temperance advocate, was
born May 2, 1871, in Denmark. In 1890 he
entered the Danish Free Church semin
ary of Chicago; and subsequently gradu
ated from the Chicago Theological sem
inary. In 1893 he was ordained a clergy
man of the presbyterian church, and
filled a pastorate in St. Paul, Minn., until
May, 1897. He then joined the Danish
united evangelical Lutheran church in
America, and now fills pastorates in two
large Lutheran churches in Sioux City
Iowa. He was the editor of the Free
Church Messenger, a religious weekly pub
lished by the synod of Minnesota; Is an
ardent temperance advocate; and has
lectured extensively in that cause.
ANDREW, JAMES OSGOOD, bishop
was born May 3. 1794. near Washington'
Ga. He entered the South Carolina con
ference in 1812, was
ordained deacon in
1814, received full
ordination in 1816,
preached on circuits
in Georgia and
North Carolina, was
stationed at Savan
nah, Ch a r 1 e s t o n,
Greensborough, and
Athens, was presid
ing elder for several
years, and In 1832
was chosen bishop
r the general conference that met at
Philadelphia. In 1846 the methodlst epis
copal church, south, was organized as an
independent body, in a general conference
held at Petersburg. Va. Bishop Andrew
presided as senior bishop over this organ
ization until his death. He published a
volume of Miscellanies and a work on
Family Government. He died March 1
1871, In Mobile, Ala.
ANDREW, JOHN ALBION, lawyer,
governor, was born on May 31. 1818, in
Wlndham, Maine. In 1837 he graduated
from Bowdoin college; and in 1859 was
elected a member of the Massachusetts
state legislature. In 1860 he was elected
governor of the state of Massachusetts,
and acquired the title of The Great War
Governor. He was a member of the His
torical societies of Maine and Massachu
setts; declined various honorable and
lucrative offices, and resumed the prac
tice of law. He died Oct. 30, 1867. A
statue of marble in memoriam has been
placed in the state house of Massachusetts
in his honor.
ANDREW, JOHN FORRESTER, law
yer, congressman, was born Nov. 24, 1850.
in Hingham, Mass. He practiced law in
Boston; served three terms as member of
the state house of representatives and
two terms in the state senate; and was
democratic candidate for governor in 1886
and was defeated. He was elected to the
fifty-first congress, and re-elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat. He
died May 30, 1895, in Boston, Mass.
ANDREWS, A. M., journalist, state sen
ator, was born Nov. 3, 1850, in Coopers-
town, N. Y. He has been editor of several
publications, and held various political
offices in his county and state; and has
also served as a member of the South
Dakota state senate.
ANDREWS, ALEXANDER BOYD, law
yer, author, was born Feb. 2, 1873, in
Henderson, N. C. He has attained suc
cess in the profession of law at Raleigh,
N. C. ; and is one of the compilers of the
North Carolina Court Calendar for 1895-
97.
ANDREWS, ANNIE M., nurse, was born
In 1835 in New York. During the preva
lence of yellow fever at Norfolk, Va., in
1855, she became widely known for her
earnest and devoted labors among those
stricken by the epidemic. The Howard
association subsequently presented her
with a gold medal in acknowledgment of
these services.
ANDREWS, BYRON, journalist, author,
was born Oct. 25, 1852, in Argyle, Wis.
He received his education at the Evans-
ville seminary and Hobart college, of
Geneva, N. Y. He went direct from col
lege to newspaper work; served as a re
porter on the Chicago Daily News; then
on the Chicago Inter Ocean. In 1880 he
accompanied Gen. Grant on a tour through
the West Indies and Mexico as his secre
tary and as correspondent of the Chicago
Inter Ocean and New York Tribune. Then
for four years he was the Washington
correspondent of the Chicago Inter Ocean
and the St. Paul Pioneer Press. In 1884
he became connected with the National
Tribune of Washington, D. C., and in
1897 became its owner. He is the author
of Notes on the Russo-Turkish War-
Biography of John A. Logan; and One
of the People, a biography of President
McKinley; besides various historical and
controversial pamphlets, such as The
Story of Cuba; President Monroe and
His Doctrine; and others. He has also
filled many public positions of trust.
ANDREWS. CHARLES, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1814 in Paris
Maine. He studied law, and was admitted
to the bar in 1837. He was a member of
the state legislature from 1839 to 1843,
and a portion of the time speaker of the
house. He was a representative in con
gress from Maine from 1851 to the time of
his death. He died April 30, 1852, in Paris
Hill. Maine.
ANDREWS, CHARLES BARTLETT,
lawyer, state senator, jurist, governor
was born Nov. 4, 1831, in Sunderland]
Mass. He received a classical education.
graduating at Amherst college in 1858;
studied law, and was admitted to the bar
in 1860; and settled at Litchfield, Conn.
He was a state senator in 1868 and 1869;
was a representative in the state legisla
ture in 1878; was governor of Connecti
cut from 1878 to 1880; and in 1882 was ap
pointed a judge of the superior court of
Connecticut.
ANDREWS, CHARLES McLEAN, edu
cator, author, was born in 1863, in Weth-
ersfield, Conn. He graduated from Trin
ity college in 1884, and from the Johns
Hopkins university in 1887; and since
that time has been associate professor of
history in Bryn Mawr college. He is the
author of River Towns of Connecticut;
Old English Manors; Historical Develop
ment of Modern Europe from the Con
gress of Vienna to the Present Time; and
has also contributed sundry short articles
to scientific journals.
ANDREWS, CHRISTOPHER COLUM
BUS, lawyer, general, author, was bora
Oct. 27, 1829, in Hillsborough, N. H. He
was a brevet major-general in the United
States army, who was minister to Sweden
1869-77. and consul-general to Brazil 1882-
85. He is the author of Minnesota and
Dakota; Practical Treatise on the Rev
enue Laws of the United States; Hints
to Company Officers on Their Military-
Duties; History of the Campaign of Mo
bile; Digests of the Opinions of the At
torneys-General of the United States; and
Brazil, Its Condition and Prospects.
ANDREWS, CONSTANT A., banker,
was born Feb. 25, 1844, in New York city.
He is president of The United States
Savings bank and The Elkhorn Valley-
Coal Land Co.; a director of the Second
Avenue Street railroad, and largely in
fluential in other directions, where his
interest and counsel are demanded.
ANDREWS. EDMUND, surgeon, was
born April 22, 1824, in Putney, Vt. He
has filled the place of demonstrator of
anatomy at the Rush Medical college of
Chicago, and subsequently the chairs of
the principles and practice of surgery and
of clinical and military surgery in the
Chicago Medical college, of which institu
tion he is one of the founders. In 1859)
he became surgeon to the Mercy hospital,
and during the civil war he served in a
similar capacity with the first Illinois
light artillery. He is president of the
Illinois state medical society and of the
Chicago academy of sciences. Dr. An
drews was one of the founders of the
Michigan state medical society, and is a
trustee of Northwestern university. He is
the author of a great number of articles
in different branches of surgery which
have been published in medical jour
nals and proceedings of the socie
ties to which he belongs. Numerous im
provements in surgical apparatus and op
erations have been made by him; among;
them is the practical demonstration of the
value of free incision, digital exploration,
and disinfection of lumbar abscesses, a.
treatment previously forbidden.
ANDREWS, EDWARD GAYER, meth
odlst episcopal bishop, was born Aug. 7.
1825, in New Hartford, N. Y. He was
graduated in 1847 from the Wesleyan uni
versity at Middletown, Conn., and, enter
ing the methodist ministry the following
year, became in 1855 a teacher in Caze-
novia, N. Y., seminary, of which he was
chosen president in 1855. In 1850 he waa
ordained an elder, and in 1864 became a.
preacher in the New York east conference.
Dr. Andrews was elected a bishop in 1872.
He has published semi-centennial ad
dresses delivered in 1875 and 1881, and
other Works.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN
BIOGRATH Y
ANDREWS, EL1SHA, clergyman au
thor, was born Sept. 29, 1768, in Middle-
town, Conn. He preached in various
places in New Hampshire and Massachu
setts, and published, besides sermons and
tracts, The Moral Tendencies of Univer-
salism; Review of Winchester's Dia
logues on Universal Restoration; and a
Vindication of the Distinguishing Senti
ments of the Baptists, and other works
He died Feb. 3, 1840.
ANDREWS, ELISHA BENJAMIN, edu
cator, college president, author, was born
in 1844 in New Hampshire. He is a prom
inent educator and president of Brown
university; and the author of Institutes
of General History; Institutes of Econom
ics; Brief Institutes of Our Economical
History; An Honest Dollar; Eternal
Words and Other Sermons; History of
the United States; Wealth and Moral
L,aw; and History of the Last Quarter
Century in the United States.
ANDREWS, ELIZA FRANCIS, educa
tor, botanist, author, was born Aug. 10,
1847, in Washington, Ga. Her father was
Judge Garnett Andrews, an eminent jur
ist, and the author of Reminiscences of
an Old Georgia Lawyer. She is the au
thor of A Mere Adventurer: Prince Hal;
A Family Secret; How He Was Tempted;
and In the Pine Lands of Georgia; be
sides numerous popular character
sketches, and several meritorious poems,
the most notable of which is entitled
Haunted. She has lectured on various
subjects; is a fine linguist, and probably
the most accomplished field botanist in
the south.
ANDREWS, ETHAN ALLEN, educator,
author, was born April 7, 1787, in New
Britain, Conn. He was an educator who
was at one time professor of ancient
languages in the university of North Caro
lina. Besides a Latin-English Dictionary,
he published a valuable series of classical
text-books. He died March 4. 1858, in
New Britain, Conn.
ANDREWS, FRANCIS FOOTE, legis
lator, was born March 12, 1828, in East
Haven, Conn. He has filled numerous
public offices of trust, and in 1897-98 was
a member of the Connecticut state legis
lature.
ANDREWS, FRANK DE WITTE, anti
quarian, was born Aug. 1, 1847, in South-
ir.gton, Conn. He settled in Vineland,
N. J., and became interested in antiqua
rian pursuits. He has an extensive col
lection of autograph letters and docu
ments, and a library of Americana. He
is the secretary and librarian of the Vine-
land Historical and Antiquarian society,
and has written extensively on historical
subjects and numismatics.
ANDREWS, GARNETT, lawyer, author,
was born May 15, 1837, in Washington, Ga.
He removed to Chattanooga, Tenn., in
1882, where he has since remained, prac
ticing his profession; and was elected
mayor of Chattanooga in 1891. He is the
author of Andrews' Digest of the Laws of
Mississippi.
ANDREWS, GEORGE ARTHUR,
clergyman, educator, author, was born
May 22, 1870, in Springfield, Mass. He at
tended Colby university and the Andover
Theological school, and became instructor
in mathematics in the English high
school of Worcester, Mass. He has pre
pared a book on Composite Geometrical
TMgures.
ANDREWS, GEORGE LEONARD, sol
dier, educator, was born Aug. 31, 1828, in
Bridgewater, Mass. In 1851 he graduated
from the United States Military academy;
served with distinction through the civil
war; and attained the rank of brigadier-
45
general and brevet major-general of the
med States volunteers. For several
vears he was United States marshal for
e district of Massachusetts; and was
professor of modern languages in the
Lnited. States Military academy.
ANDREWS, GEORGE R., congressman
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from the fourteenth
congressional district in that state, from
io4y to 1851.
ANDREWS, HENRY FRANKLIN, sol
dier, lawyer, state senator, genealogist
was born June 27, 1844, in Lovell, Maine!
He served three years in the sixteenth in
fantry volunteers; was recorder of Audu-
bon county, Iowa, in 1867-68; county
judge in 1868; and state senator in 1892-
95. He has practiced law since 1869; and
is the author of The Andrews Family;
The Hamilton Family; and other works.
ANDREWS, HENRY T., artist, state
legislator, was born June 28, 1866 in
Tarrytown, N. Y. He is a successful
artist of New York city. In 1895 he was
elected a member of the New York state
assembly, and received the re-election in
1896, and again in 1897.
ANDREWS, ISRAEL WARD, college
president, author, was born in 1815 in
Connecticut. He was president of Mari
etta college. His only published work of
importance is a Manual of the Constitu
tion of the United States. He died in
1888.
ANDREWS, JAMES R., lawyer, editor,
was born Oct. 23, 1854, in East Windsor,
Conn. In 1877 he received the degree of
A. B. from Yale college; and two years
later received the degree of LL. B. from
the Yale law school. He has attained suc
cess in the profession of law at Hart
ford, Conn.; has been special prosecuting
attorney; reporter of judicial decisions;
and is the editor of the Connecticut Index
Digest.
ANDREWS, JANE, author, was born in
1833 in Massachusetts. She was a writer
of Newburyport, Mass., whose books for
children have long been deservedly popu
lar. She was the author of Seven Little
Sisters Who Live on the Round Ball that
Floats in the Air; The Seven Little Sis
ters Prove Their Sisterhood; The Stories
Mother Nature Told; Ten Boys Who
Lived on the Road from Long Ago to
Now; and Only a Year and What It
Brought. She died in 1887.
ANDREWS, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born April 4, 1746, in Cecil county,
Md. He taught a school in Yorktown; be
came principal of the Philadelphia Epis
copal academy in 1785, and then professor
of moral philosophy in the university of
Pennsylvania, of which institution he was
vice-provost until December, 1810, and
after that provost until his death. He was
the author of Elements of Logic. He died
March 29, 1813, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ANDREWS, JOHN T., congressman,
was born in New York. He was elected
a representative in congress from that
state from 1837 to 1839.
ANDREWS, JOSEPH, engraver, was
born Aug. 17, 1806, in Hingham, Mass.
His best known engravings made in
America are from Stuart's head of Wash
ington and Rothermel's Plymouth Rock
in 1620. He engraved portraits from
paintings by Trumbull, G. P. A. Healy,
and others, of Oliver Wolcott, John Q.
Adams, Zachary Taylor, Jared Sparks,
Amos Lawrence, and James Graham, and
several ideal scenes after representative
American painters. He died March 9.
1873, in Hingham. Mass.
ANDREWS, JUDITH WALKER, phil
anthropist, was born April 26, 1826 in
Fryeburgh, Maine. Since 1863 she 'has
resided in Boston, Mass.; was left a wid
ow m 1869; and since 1876 has been
president of tne South Friendly society
In 1886 she became president of the Wom
an's Auxiliary conference; and in 1889
became president of the National Alliance
of Unitarian and Other Liberal Christian
Women; and has always taken an active
part in various charitable organizations.
ANDREWS, LANDAFF W., lawyer
congressman, was born Feb. 12 1803 in
Fleming county, Ky. He graduated' at
Transylvania university in 1824- and
commenced the practice of law in 1826
He was a member of the Kentucky legis
lature in 1834, and subsequently of the
senate. In 1838 was elected a representa
tive in congress, serving from 1839 to
Io4o.
ANDREWS, LOREN, educator, college
president, was' born April 1, 1819, in Ash
land county, Ohio. He filled various im
portant educational places until 1854
when he was elected president of Kenyon
college. On the outbreak of the civil war,
in 1861, President Andrews raised a com
pany in Knox county, of which he was
made captain. He died Sept. 18, 1861, in
Gambler, Ohio.
ANDREWS, LORRIN, was born April
29, 1795, in East Windsor, Conn. He was
educated at Jefferson college, Pa., and
Princeton Theological seminary; sailed
for the Hawaiian islands in November,
1827, and preached at Lahaina. In 1831
he established Lahainaluna seminary,
which subsequently became the Hawaiian
university, in which he was a professor
for ten years. He translated a part of the
Bible into Hawaii. In 1845 he was ap
pointed judge under the Hawaiian govern
ment, and was also secretary of the privy
council. These offices he held for ten
years. He prepared a Hawaiian diction
ary and several works on the literature
and antiquities of the Hawaiians. He died
Sept. 29, 1868, in Honolulu, Sandwich
Islands.
ANDREWS, MARIE LOUISE, journal
ist, author, was born Oct. 31, 1849, in Bed
ford, Ind. She was the originator of the
Western Association of Writers, and for
many years was its secretary. She has
contributed extensively both prose and
verse to the leading newspapers and
magazines; and is an effective public
speaker.
ANDREWS, MARY GARARD, univer-
salist minister, was born March 3, 1852, in
Clarksburgh, Va. After five years of ser
vice in the free baptist church, she asso
ciated herself with the universalist
church, and has been eminently success
ful in her pastorates in that denomina
tion. She is well known as a temperance
and Grand Army worker; and for two
years was national chaplain of the Wom
en's Relief Corps. In 1888 she was mar
ried to Mr. I. R. Andrews, a noted lawyer
of Omaha, Neb.
ANDREWS, MAUDE ANNULET, au
thor, poet, was born Dec. 29, 1865. Mrs.
J. K. Ohl is one of the most noted writers
of the south, and a successful journalist
and poet.
ANDREWS, NEWTON LLOYD, college
president, was born Aug. 14, 1841, in Fa-
bius, N. Y. In 1865 he became adjunct
professor of Latin in Colgate university,
and in 1868 was elected professor of Greek
language and literature, which position he
still holds. On the death of President
Dodge the charge of the college was com
mitted to Prof. Andrews as acting presi
dent.
1IKKKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
ANDREWS. ROBERT LEE. clergyman,
journalist, was born March 1, 1867, in
Yellow Hill. N. C. He is one of the most
eminent clergymen of the missionary bap
tist church, and an impressive lecturer.
He has been secretary of the Farmers' Al
liance, and filled various other public po
sitions of trust; and is also the editor and
proprietor of The Times of Jefferson, N. C.
ANDREWS, SAMUEL G., merchant,
congressman, was born Oct. 16, 1799, in
Derby, Conn. He received an academic
education; removed, with his father, to
Rochester, N. Y., in 1816; was occupied
chiefly in mercantile and manufacturing
pursuits; and was for several years mayor
of Rochester. He was a member of the
New York legislature in 1831 and 1832
from Monroe county, N. Y.; was post
master of Rochester; and was elected a
representative from New York to the
thirty-fifth congress. He died in 1863 In
Rochester, N. Y.
ANDREWS, SAMUEL JAMES, clergy
man, author, was born July 21, 1817, in
Danbury, Conn. He is the brother of I.
W. Andrews, and an Irvingite clergyman
of Hartford, Conn. He is the author of
The Life of Our Lord upon Earth; and
God's Revelations of Himself to Men.
ANDREWS, SHERLOCK J.( lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1801 In Wal-
lingford, Conn. He graduated at Union
college; settled in Cleveland, Ohio, in
1825, and practiced law. He was judge of
the superior court of that state; and was
elected a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1841 to 1843. He died Feb. 11,
1880, In Cleveland, Ohio.
ANDREWS, SIDNEY, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1837. He was a Boston
journalist; and the author of The Art of
Flying; and The South Since the War.
He died in 1880.
ANDREWS. STEPHEN PEARL, au
thor, was born March 22, 1812, in Temple-
ton, Mass. He was an eccentric writer of,
New York city, the originator of phono
graphic reporting and at one period prom
inent as an abolitionist. Among his many
and varied works are Basic Outline of
Universalogy, In which he advocated the
adoption of a universal language called
Alwato; Discourses in Chinese; Compari
son of Common Law with Roman, French,
or Spanish Laws on Entails and Other
Limited Property; and Love, Marriage
and Divorce. He died May 21, 1886, in
New York city.
ANDREWS, SUMNER A., soldier, mer
chant, educator, was born Dec. 29, 1844,
in Johnson, Vt For many years he was
a successful merchant of Johnson; was a
representative in the Vermont state legis
lature in 1884; has served as assistant
judge of his county; and in 1889 was ap
pointed superintendent of the Vermont
Industrial school of Vergennes.
ANDREWS, TIMOTHY PATRICK, sol
dier, public official, was born in 1794, in
Ireland. He fought in the battle of El
Molino, and was brevetted a brigadier-
general for gallantry at Chapultepec,
Mexico. After the close of the war he
was reinstated as paymaster, and subse
quently became paymaster of the army.
He died March 11, 1868, In Washington.
D. C.
ANDREWS, W. H., merchant, state sen
ator, was born Jan. 14, 1842, In Youngs-
vllle. Pa. He was a member of the Penn
sylvania house of representatives; and
was elected to the state senate in 1894.
ANDREWS, WALLACE C., president of
the New York Steam company. He was
one of the promoters of the original
Standard Oil Co.; was a director of the
company for a long period of years and
up to the iormatiou of the trust, and is yet
a large stockholder in the company. One
of the most important of his enterprises
is The New York Steam company, a con
cern which supplies steam for heat and
power by underground pipes in various
sections of New York city, and has in
itiated a new era in the management of
office buildings, by enabling their pro
prietors to dispense with the annoyances
attending the production of steam in their
own premises. He is president of the
company, and has managed its affairs
with signal ability and success. He was
lately president of The Standard Gas
Light Co. of New York and is its largest
stockholder.
ANDREWS, WILLIAM DRAPER, in
ventor, was born May 23, 1818, in Grafton,
Mass. He has received twenty-five
United States and nine foreign patents on
pumps, oscillating steam engines, boilers,
friction and differential power gearing,
siphon gang wells and attachments, bal
anced valves, safety elevators, and other
similar inventions.
ANDREWS, WILLIAM E., educator,
congressman, was born near Oskaloosa,
Iowa. He entered Simpson college, Indi-
anola, Iowa, in 1874; was elected superin
tendent of the schools of Ringgold coun
ty, Iowa, in 1879; graduated from Par
sons college, Fairfield, Iowa, in 1885; was
a member of the faculty of Hastings
(Neb.) college, 1885-93; elected vice-presi
dent of the colleger in 1889, and president
of the Nebraska State Teachers' associa
tion In 1890. He was a member of the
Nebraska republican state central com
mittee, 1891-»<s; was private secretary to
the Hon. Lorenzo Crounse, governor of
Nebraska, 1893-94; and was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
ANDREWS, WILLIS W., journalist, was
born Jan. 10, 1868, in Portland, Mich.
After receiving his education he became a
practical printer, and is now the presi
dent of the Muskegon Publishing com
pany. He is president of the Typo
graphical union, and has filled various
other positions of honor.
ANDRIDGE ANDREW ADELBERT,
clergyman, lecturer, author, was born July
20, 1863, in Hillsdale, Mich. He graduated
in 1885 from the Chicago Theological sem
inary, and was ordained the same year.
He has filled pastorates in Hawarden,
Iowa; Prairie du Chien, Wis. ; Sturgeon
Bay, Wis.; and Columbia congregational
church, Cincinnati, Ohio. He is the au
thor of Wisconsin Church History, and
has contributed extensively to religious
periodicals.
ANDROS, EDMUND, colonial governor,
was born Dec. 6, 1637, in Island of Guern
sey. He was a governor of Connecticut,
and in 1688 was made governor of all the
English possessions on the mainland of
America, and in 1692 royal governor of
Virginia. He died Feb. 24, 1714.
ANDROS, R. S. S., public official, au
thor, was born In Berkeley, Mass. He
edited several newspapers, was deputy
collector in Boston for some years, and
subsequently, as special agent of the
treasury department, was engaged in re
organizing custom houses in the south.
He was the author of the Customs Guide,
a codification of the revenue laws; con
tributed poems to the Democratic Re
view, and published Chocoruna and Other
Sketches. He died In August, 1868, in
lli'rki'lry. M:i
ANDROS, THOMAS, soldier, clergyman,
was born May 1, 1759, in Norwich, Conn.
He joined the revolutionary army at the
age of sixteen, and was In the battles of
Long Island and White Plains. In 1781
he enlisted on a privateer in New London,
but was captured and confined in the
Jersey prison-ship in New York. A few
months later he escaped, and on the resto
ration of his health studied theology with
Dr. Benedict in Plainfield, Conn. He was
ordained at Berkeley in 1788, and for
forty-six years remained in the ministry.
He died Dec. 30, 1845, in Berkeley, Mass.
ANDRUS, REUBEN, college president,
clergyman, was born Jan. 29, 1829, in
Watertown, N. J. He was principal of the
Central academy of Springfield, 111.; and
president of a women's college In Jack
sonville. After the war he reorganized
Quincy (now Chaddock) college, Illinois;
in 1867 went to Indiana, and was elected
president of Asbury university in 1872.
He died Jan. 17, 1887, in Indianapolis, Ind.
ANDRUS, WESLEY P., soldier, educa
tor, state senator, was born Feb. 19, 1834,
in Potter, N. Y. In 1861 he entered the
forty-second Illinois volunteer infantry,
and was soon commissioned first lieuten
ant; was promoted to a captaincy for
meritorious service at Stone River. He
has been four years a member of the com
mon council of Cedar Springs, Mich., and
has been its mayor. In 1877 he served
with distinction as a member of the Mich
igan state senate.
ANDRUS, WILLIAM W., merchant,
state senator, was born July 24, 1821, in
Wyoming county, N. Y. He was a mem
ber of the constitutional convention of
1867; was assessor of internal revenue
under Grant; and In 1881-82 served as a
member of the Michigan state senate.
ANGEL, WILLIAM G., congressman,
was born in New Shoreham, R. I. He was
elected a representative in congress from
Burlington, N. Y., from 1825 to 1827, and
again from 1829 to 1833.
ANGELL, GEORGE T., philanthropist,
author, was born June 5, 1823, in South-
bridge, Mass. He is the president of the
American Humane Education society; the
Massachusetts Society for the Preven
tion of Cruelty to Animals; and the
Pre-Parent American Band of Mercy. He
graduated from Dartmouth college in
1846 and from the Harvard university
Law school in 1851. He founded the
Massachusetts society in 1868, and estab
lished a magazine entitled Our Dumb
Animals. Since that time he has given
his time and energy to the protection of
dumb animals, establishing twenty thou
sand branches of The American Band of
Mercy, and The American Humane Educa
tion society, in behalf of which he has
employed missionaries to found humane
societies in the south and west, and has
caused the circulation of some two mil
lion copies of the book Black Beauty, and
also of hundreds of thousands of copies of
other humane prize stories and publica
tions.
ANGELL, HENRY CLAY, educator, au
thor, was born Jan. 27, 1829, in Provi
dence, R. I. He is a professor of ophthal
mology in Boston university; and the au
thor of Diseases of the Eye; How to Take
Care of Our Eyes; and Records of W. M.
Hunt.
ANGELL, JAMES BURRILL, educator,
college president, diplomatist, was born
Jan. 7, 1829, in Scituate, R. I. He gradu
ated from the Brown university in 1849;
and during 1855-60 filled the chair of
modern languages in that institution. In
1866 he became president of the university
of Vermont; and since 1871 has been
president of the university of Michigan.
He has served as United States minister to
China; and in 1897 was appointed United
States minister to Turkey. He is the au
thor of Manual of French Literature; and
Progress In International Law.
HKRR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA
<>K AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
47
ANGELL, JOSEPH KINNICUT, author,
•was born April 30, 1794, in Providence,
R. I. He was a legal writer of Rhode
Island, among whose works are Treatise
on the Common Law of Watercourses;
The Law of Tide Waters; and The Lim
itation of Actions. He died May 1, 1857,
in Boston, Mass.
ANGELL, WILLIAM GORHAM, invent
or, was born Nov. 21, 1811, in Providence,
R. I. In 1838 he became manager of the
Eagle Screw com
pany, which subse
quently was merged
into the American
Screw company. His
inventive mind was
fertile in expedients
for the improvement
of machinery; and
he was also a suc
cessful architect and
builder, and a good
draughtsman. H e
was the inventor of
the famous screw-making machine, which
has revolutionized that business. He
was a liberal supporter of public chari
ties. He died May 30, 1870, in Providence,
R. I. His son, Edwin Gorham Angell,
now conducts the business.
ANGWIN, MATTIE W., poet, was born
Aug. 31, 1850, in Darke county, Ohio. She
is a writer of Mount Vernon, Mo.; and
her poems have appeared in the Toledo
Blade and other prominent publications.
ANSBACHER, ADOLPH BENEDICT,
manufacturer, was born Oct. 4, 1832, in
Germany. In 1852 he emigrated to New
York and established a mercantile house,
which was one of the foremost in that
line of business.
ANSORGE, CHARLES, musician, was
born in 1807 in Germany. He taught
music in an asylum at South Boston; and
in 1863 became conductor of several mu
sical colleges in Chicago, 111. He wrote
musical and political articles for several
newspapers and periodicals. He died Oct.
28, 1866, in Chicago, 111.
ANSPACH, FREDERICK RINEHART,
clergyman, author, was born in January,
1815, in Central, Pa. He was a lutheran
clergyman of Hagerstown, Md. ; and is the
author of Sons of the Sires; Sepulchres
of Our Departed; and The Two Pilgrims.
He died Sept. 16, 1867, in Baltimore, Md.
ANTHON, CHARLES, educator, author,
was born Nov. 19, 1797, in New York city.
He was a noted classical scholar, for
many years professor of ancient lan
guages at Columbia college. He was the
author of some fifty classical text-books,
including a Classical Dictionary. He died
July 29, 1867, in New York city.
ANTHON, JOHN, jurist, author, was
born May 14, 1784, in Detroit, Mich. He
was a jurist of New York city, and the
author of Essay on the Study of Law;
and Analysis of Blackstone. He died
March 5, 1863, in New York city.
ANTHONY, ANDREW V A R I C K
STOUT, artist, was born in 1835 in New
York city. Among his best-known works
are the illustrations for Whittier's Snow
Bound; Ballads of New England; and
Mabel Martin; Longfellow's Skeleton :n
Armor; and Hawthorne's Scarlet Letter.
ANTHONY, AUGUSTA, lecturer, au
thor, was born May 25, 1844, in Rockland,
Mass. As a lecturer she has gained emi
nent success in California. Mrs. An
thony is the author of several prose works
and numerous poems of merit, and many
of her poems have been set to music.
ANTHONY, CHARLES EDWARD, nu
mismatist, was born Dec. 6, 1822, in New
York city. He was a son of John An-
thon; was graduated at Columbia col
lege in 1839, and from 1853 until 1883 he
held the chair of history and belles-
lettres in the college of the city of New
York. He was an enthusiastic collector
of coins, and owned one of the most val
uable collections ever gathered in the
United States. For some time he was
president of the American numismatic
society. He died June 7, 1883, in New
York city.
ANTHONY, CYRUS A., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born April 29, 1839, in Hack-
ettstown, N. J. He served four years in
the fifty-first Illinois infantry, rising from
private to captain. He moved to Missouri
in 1870; prosecuting attorney of Nodaway
county 1875-76; elected to the thirty-first
general assembly; twice appointed on
committees to settle with the state treas
ury; elected to the thirty-third general
assembly; elected judge of the twenty-
ninth circuit in 1886; and re-elected in
1892.
ANTHONY, DANIEL READ, pioneer
journalist, was born Aug. 22, 1824, in
South Adams, Mass. He visited the state
of Kansas in 1854, and while there helped
to found the city of Lawrence. He lo
cated in Kansas at Leavenworth, and in
1863 was elected mayor of that city. He
is the owner of the Leavenworth Times,
now one of the most extensive newspaper
establishments in the west.
ANTHONY, GEORGE CHRISTIAN,
lawyer, educator, was born March 19,
1820, in Red Hook, N. Y. He was the
eldest son of the Rev. Henry Anthon;
was graduated at Columbia college in
1839; studied law, and was admitted to
practice at the New York bar. He re
moved to New Orleans and there began
teaching, but returned to New York and
was appointed professor of Greek in the
university of the city of New York. He
established the Anthon grammar school
in 1854, and was its principal until his
death. He died Aug. 11, 1877, in Yonkers,
N. Y.
ANTHONY, GEORGE T., statesman.
He was governor of Kansas from 1877 to
1879.
ANTHONY, HENRY B., United States
senator, was born April 1, 1815, in Cov
entry, Boston. He graduated at Brown
university in 1833;
in 1838 he assumed
the editorial charge
of the Providence
Journal, which he
retained until called
to a seat in the
United States senate.
He was elected gov
ernor of Rhode Is
land in 1849; re-
elected in 1850; and
declined a further
re-election; and was
elected a senator in congress in 1859, and
served until his death; was re-elected to
the senate for the term ending in 1871.
He was a member of the national com
mittee appointed to accompany the re
mains of President Lincoln to Illinois;
was one of the senators designated by the
senate to attend the funeral of General
Scott in 1866; was also a delegate to the
Philadelphia loyalists' convention of 1866.
He died Sept. 2, 1884, in Providence, R. I.
ANTHONY, JOHN GOULD, naturalist,
author, was born May 17, 1804, in Provi
dence, R. I. He accompanied Agassiz on
the Thayer expedition to Brazil in 1865.
He was recognized as an authority on the
American land and fresh water mollusca.
He died Oct. 16, 1877, in Cambridge, Mass.
ANTHONY, JOSEPH B., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was elect
ed a representative in congress from that
state from 1833 to 1838. He died Jan. 17,
1851, in Williamsport, Pa.
ANTHONY, PHILIP FREDERICK, pa
triot, statesman, was born July 2, 1730
He held several public offices; was a
member of the provincial council and of
the general and state assemblies; judge
of the court of common pleas; and a colo
nel of state militia. He was so conspicu
ous and ardent a patriot during the revo
lution that the British offered a reward
for his head. In 1776, in company with a
Mr. Potts, at Warwick furnace, he suc
cessfully cast an eighteen-pounder, the
first cannon ever made in America He
died Sept. 20, 1801, in Lancaster, Pa.
ANTHONY, SUSAN BROWNELL,
woman suffragist, was born Feb. 15, 1820,
in South Adams, Mass. Her father was
a Quaker, and was proprietor of a small
cotton mill, in which his daughter worked
from an early age. Subsequently she at
tended school in Philadelphia, and taught
school in the state of New York. She
has participated in temperance and re
formatory movements. She is chiefly
known as an ardent supporter of the
political enfranchisement of women. At
one time she edited a paper in New York
called The Revolution.
ANTHONY, WILLIAM ARNOLD, edu
cator, lecturer, electrical engineer, was
born Nov. 17, 1835, in Coventry, R. I.
For fifteen years during 1872-87 he was
professor of physics at Cornell university,
where he planned and equipped the phy
sical laboratory building, and organized'
and had charge of the department of
electrical engineering. He is now a con
sulting electrical engineer of New York
city; and part author of a Text-Book of
Physics; and numerous papers presented
before technical societies and in scien
tific periodicals.
ANTHONY, WILLIAM HENRY, law
yer, legislator, was born Aug. 2, 1827, in
New York city. He was admitted to the
bar in 1848, and soon became distin
guished in its practice. In 1851 he
served as member of the state legislature,
and during the civil war he was judge-
advocate-general on Gov. E. D. Morgan's
staff. He died Nov. 7, 1875, in New York
city.
ANTONY, EDWIN LE ROY, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 5, 1852, near
Waynesboro, Ga. He was admitted to
practice in the
courts of that state
Jan. 8, 1874, and at
once entered upon
the duties of his pro-
V«t fession; two years
. later he was elected
«^i county attorney of
\^ his county, the first
' under the constitu
tion of 1876. being
^m also ex-ofQcio dis-
•4feu2l^^^HK trict attorney for
his county; in 1886,
during the illness of the regular district
judge, he filled that office as special judge;
in 1892, while an alderman of his city,
was nominated and elected, June 14,
1892, to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat. At the expiration of his term
he returned to his home and resumed the
practice of his profession, in which he is
still engaged. He was, and still is, an
ardent supporter and admirer of Presi
dent Cleveland, and is of the school
of politics known as gold standard demo
crats. In 1876 he was married to Mis-;
Augusta Houghton, a native Texan, and
a daughter of Judge Joel A. Houghton,
of Georgetown, Tex.
IIKKKINOSHAWS ENC YL'LOPEDI A OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
APES, WILLIAM, author, was bora
about 1800. He was an Indian preacher
of the Pequot tribe; and published A Son
of the Forest; Experiences of Five Chris
tian Indians of the Pequot Tribe; Indian
Nullification; and a Eulogy on King
Philip.
APLIN. CHARLES BENJAMIN, physi
cian, was born June 17, 1869, in New Ply
mouth, Ohio. He attended the Columbus
Medical college, Ohio, and graduated
therefrom In 1892. He is one of Kansas'
foremost physicians at Lamar.
APPEL, DANIEL MITCHELL, physi
cian, surgeon, was born Oct. 28, 1854, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He attended the Jef
ferson Medical college of Philadelphia.
He was appointed assistant surgeon to
Ihe United States army in 1876, and pro
moted to surgeon in 1895, with the rank
of major.
APPEL, THEODORE, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 30, 1823, in East
man, Pa. From 1877 to 1886 he was gen
eral superintendent of home missions for
the eastern part of the reformed church;
and traveled on business connected with
that office through Pennsylvania, Mary
land, Virginia, and North Carolina. From
1881 to 1886 he edited the Reformed Mis
sionary Herald. He has published Rec
ollections of College Life.
APPLE, JOSEPH HENRY, JR., edu
cator, college president, was born Aug.
4, 1865, in RImersburg, Pa. This success
ful educator has filled the chair of mathe
matics in several large institutions; and
since 1893 has been president of the Wom
an's college of Frederick, Md.
APPLE, THOMAS GILMORE, educator,
was born Nov. 14, 1829, in Easton, Pa.
He graduated from Marshall college in
1850, and, entering the ministry, was a
pastor of the German Reformed church
irom 1853 to 1865. In the latter year he
was chosen president of Mercersburg col
lege, which he left in 1871, and became
a professor in the Lancaster Theological
.seminary. In 1878 he was elected presi
dent of Franklin and Marshall college.
He edited for several years the Mercers-
imrg Review and the Reformed Quarterly
Jteview.
APPLEBURY, ELIZABETH M., edu
cator, poet, was born Oct. 21, 1834, in Pal
myra, Mo. She graduated from the
Female seminary of her native town, and
soon afterward began educational work.
She has contributed extensively to peri
odical literature, and her poems have
been given a place in several standard
-works.
APPLEGARTH, RUFUS W.. lawyer,
legislator, was born in 1845 in Baltimore,
Md. He was called to the bar in 1867,
and has been counsel In most of the lead
ing cases that have been tried in the
•court of appeals; has also appeared in
ttic appellate and United States and local
courts of Louisiana, Virginia, Delaware,
North Carolina, Pennsylvania, New York,
and New Jersey. He was elected to the
.general assembly of Maryland in the fall
of 1895.
APPLEGARTH, WILLIAM F., educat
or, merchant, legislator, was born Feb.
11, 1842, in Golden Hill, Md. He taught
srhool for fifteen years; has served with
•*ll;tlnction as a member of the Maryland
--state legislature; and is now a successful
merchant of his native city.
APPLEGATE, 0. C., soldier, business
man. He has been closely identified with
the growth and prosperity of southern
•Oregon, and resides in Klamath Falls.
APPLETON, DANIEL, publisher, the
founder of the house of D. Appleton and
<!o., was born Dec. 10, 1785, in
Mass. He began life as a dry-goods mer
chant in his native town; subsequently
went to Boston, and in 1825 removed to
New York. Here he began the importa
tion of English books in conjunction with
the dry-goods business. Mr. Appleton
soon abandoned the dry-goods business,
thereafter giving his attention solely to
the importation and sale of books. He
died March 27, 1849, in New York.
APPLETON, DANIEL, publisher, was
born Feb. 24, 1852, -in New York. In 1879
he was admitted into partnership with D.
Appleton and Co. Possessing fine busi
ness qualifications, be has been an effi
cient member of the firm. Colonel Apple-
ton has long taken an active part in New
York city's favorite militia regiment, the
seventh, of which, July 18, 1889, he was,
by unanimous vote, promoted from a cap
taincy to the colonelcy. He is a director
of the American Book company, and a
member of the Union, Century, Aldine,
Riding, and New York Yacht clubs.
APPLETON, DANIEL S., publisher,
was born April 9, 1824, in Boston, Mass.
He attained success as one of the most
prominent publishers in the United
States.
APPLETON, GEORGE S., author, was
born Aug. 11, 1821, in Andover, Mass. He
is the author of Picturesque America;
Picturesque Europe; and Picturesque Pal
estine. He died July 7, 1878, in Riverdale,
N. Y.
APPLETON, JAMES, temperance re
former, was born Feb. 14, 1786, in Ips
wich, Mass. When a young man he was
elected to the legislature of his native
state, and during the war with Great
Britain he served as a colonel of Massa
chusetts militia; and after the close of
the war was made a brigadier-general.
During his subsequent residence at Port
land, Maine, he was elected to the legis
lature in 1836-37, but he returned finally
to his native town, where he died. By
his speeches and publications he exercised
great influence upon public sentiment in
favor of abolition and total abstinence.
In his report to the Maine legislature in
1837 he was the first to expound the prin
ciple embodied in the Maine law. He
died Aug. 25, 1862, in Ipswich, Mass.
APPLETON, JAMES, general, was born
Feb. 14, 1815, in Ipswich, Mass. He was
an energetic champion of total absti
nence, and the first expounder of the prin
ciple underlying the Maine law. He died
Aug. 25, 1882.
APPLETON, JESSE, clergyman, edu
cator, college president, was born Nov.
17, 1772, in New Ipswich, N. H. In 1792
he graduated from
Dartmouth college;
and then for two
years was an In
structor in Dov«r
and in Amherst. In
1795 he was licensed
'•» to preach, and for
ten years filled a
pastorate in Hamp-
J^^ ton. N. H. In 1803
f ^k i ^k he filled the chair r.f
B \ I theology at Cam
bridge; and in 1807
became president of Bowdoin college. A
volume of his addresses has been pub
lished; and a selection from his sermons
and poems has also been published in
two volumes. He died Nov. 12, 1819, in
Brunswick, Maine.
APPLETON, JOHN, jurist, was born in
1804. He was a former chief justice of
Maine; eminent as a legal reformer; and
was the author of The Rules of Evidence
Stated and Discussed. He died in 1891.
APPLETON, JOHN, physician, lecturer,
author, was born Jan. 9, 1809, in Salem,
Mass. In 1833 he graduated from the
Harvard University Medical school, taking
the Boylston prize. He attained emi
nence as a doctor of medicine, lecturer,
and author, and was a member and as
sistant librarian of the Massachusetts His
torical society. He died February, 1869,
in Cambridge, Mass.
APPLETON, JOHN, journalist, diplo
mat, was born Feb. 11, 1815, in Beverly,
Mass. He was admitted to practice law
at Portland, Maine, in 1837. In 1857 he
was appointed assistant secretary of state,
and in 1860 was appointed United States
minister to Russia. He died Aug. 22,
1864, in Portland, Maine.
APPLETON, JOHN HOWARD, edu
cator, author, was born Feb. 3, 1844, in
Portland, Maine. He has been a pro
fessor of chemistry at Brown university
since 1868. He is the author of The
Young Chemist; Qualitative Analysis;
Quantitative Analysis; and Chemistry of
Non Metals.
APPLETON, JOHN JAMES, diplomat
ist, was born Sept. 22, 1792, in Calais,
France. While his father was United
States consul at that place he graduated
at Harvard university in 1813; was sec
retary of legation of the United States to
Portugal from 1819 to 1822; to Spain from
1822 to 1825; charge d'affaires to the Two
Sicilies in 1825, and to Sweden in 1826.
He resided in France, where he owned a
valuable estate. While at Stockholm he
negotiated a treaty of commerce. He died
March 4, 1864, in Rennes. France.
APPLETON, JOHN W. M., soldier,
farmer, adjutant-general of state, was
born April 1, 1832, in Boston, Mass. He
received his educa-
* ••• tion ln tne Boston
public schools, in
the private schools
o f Massachusetts,
and the medical
school of Harvard
university. In 1852-
56 he was assistant
librarian of the Bos
ton public library;
and was clerk in the
board of charities of
that city. During
the war, from 1862 to 1865, he served as
a private soldier; was promoted to major
of infantry, and subsequently as com
mander of battalion of six batteries of
artillery. In 1865 he moved to West Vir
ginia, and there joined the national
guards, In which he has served as captain,
major, colonel, and brigadier-general;
and since 1897 has been adjutant-general
of West Virginia.
APPLETON, NATHAN, manufacturer,
congressman, was born Oct. 6, 1779, In
New Ipswich, N. H. He became inter
ested in the cotton manufacture, and in
1821 was one of the three original found
ers of Lowell, Mass. He was at different
periods a member of the legislature of
Massachusetts; from 1831 to 1833 was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts; and was again elected to con
gress in 1842, but soon resigned his seat.
He died July 14, 1861, In Boston, Mass.
APPLETON, NATHAN DANE, lawyer,
legislator, was born in 1794 in Ipswich,
Mass., on the farm which was bought in
1634-35 by his emigrant ancestor, Samuel
Appleton. He repeatedly represented the
town in the legislature; was once in the
senate of Maine; and three times he was
the candidate of his party for congress.
In the winter of 1857 he was chosen by
the legislature attorney-general of the
state. He died In 1861.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
APPLETON, NATHANIEL, clergyman,
was born Dec. 9, 1693, in Ipswich, Mass.
He was educated at Harvard, taking his
degree in 1712; studied theology, and was
ordained Oct. 9, 1717, succeeding Mr. Brat
tle as congregational minister. From
1717 to 1779 he was one of the corpora
tion of Harvard university. He pub
lished sermons and occasional discourses.
He died Feb. 9, 1784, in Cambridge, Mass.
APPLETON, SAMUEL, merchant, phi
lanthropist, was born June 22, 1766, in
New Ipswich, N. H. He was an importer;
established cotton mills at Waltham and
Lowell, Mass.; and at his death the sum
of two hundred thousand dollars was dis
tributed among charities.
APPLETON, THOMAS GOLD, artist,
author, was born March 31, 1812, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was the author of A Sheaf
of Papers; A Nile Journal; Windfalls;
Syrian Sunshine; Chequer- Work; and
Faded Leaves, a volume of verse. He
died April 17, 1884, in New York.
APPLETON, WILLIAM, merchant, con
gressman, was born Nov. 16, 1786, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. He was educated for
mercantile pursuits, in which he was en
gaged extensively and successfully for
more than fifty years. He took a promi
nent part in various public and benevo
lent enterprises; and gave much attention
to banking and financial operations. In
1850 was elected a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts; was re-elected
in 1852; and was also elected to the thir
ty-seventh congress. He died Feb. 20,
1862, in Longwood, near Boston, Mass.
APPLETON, WILLIAM HENRY, pub
lisher, was born Jan. 27, 1814, in New
York city, and is a son of Daniel Apple-
ton. In 1835 he was sent to represent the
house in London, where he established
an agency. In 1838 he was taken into
partnership. At his father's death, In
1849, he inherited a moderate estate,
which he has since increased by his own
energetic prosecution of the business and
by active participation in other enter
prises. Under his management the house
devoted itself entirely to the sale of its
own publications, and has come to rank
among the half dozen leading publishing
houses of the United States.
APPLETON, WILLIAM WORTHEN,
publisher, was born Nov. 29, 1845, in
Brooklyn, N. Y., a son of William H. Ap-
pleton. In recent years he has given
more of his time to the editorial depart
ment and the London office. He Is a di
rector in the American Book company, a
corporation founded in ls»0, with a capi
tal of $5,000,000; and is actively identified
with the New York Free library, of which
he was one of the founders, and has held
continuously the chairmanship of the li
brary committee.
APSLEY, LEWIS DEWART, manufac
turer, congressman, was born Sept. 29,
1852, in Northumberland, Pa. At the age
of fifteen he removed to Philadelphia,
and immediately engaged in active busi
ness pursuits, early identifying himself
with the rubber goods trade. He re
moved to Massachusetts in 1877, and es
tablished himself in 1885 as a manufac
turer of rubber clothing in Hudson. He
is president and treasurer of the Apsley
Rubber company; president of the Millay
Last company; president of the Hudson
Board of Trade; a director in the Hudson
National bank; and identified with many
other enterprises. He was elected to the
fifty-third, and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
APTHORP, WILLIAM FOSTER, au
thor, was born in 1848 in Massachusetts.
He is a musical newspaper critic of Bos
ton, and the author of Musicians and Mu
sic-Lovers, and Other Essays. He has
translated Zola's Jacques Damour.
ARBUCKLE, CHARLES, coffee import
er, was born in 1833 in Allegheny City, Pa.
His early years were passed in Allegheny
City, Pa., where he became a prominent
wholesale grocer. In 1871 Mr. Arbuckle,
with his brother John, established a fac
tory for the preparation of roasted and
ground coffee in Brooklyn, N. Y., and in
1875 transferred all his interests to that
city. He died March 27, 1891, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
ARBUCKLE, JOHN, importer and man
ufacturer. He spent his early life in Alle
gheny, Pa. In 1871 he engaged with his
brother Charles in the preparation of
roasted and ground coffee, their factory
being located in Brooklyn; and he is now
head of the firm of Arbuckle Brothers.
He is also a director in the Importers'
and Traders' bank, and is president of the
Royal Horse association, a syndicate own
ing ranches in Wyoming.
ARBUCKLE, JOHN CHALMERS, sol
dier, educator, clergyman, was born July
27, 1847, in Glasgow, Scotland. In 1864
he enlisted in the
fourth regiment,
Iowa volunteer in
fantry, and served as
a private soldier till
the close of the war.
He taught school for
several years, and
in 1874 graduated
from the Ohio Wes-
leyan university of
Delaware. For a
quarter of a century
he has been a cler
gyman of the methodist episcopal church,
his principal pastorates being in Colum
bus and Zanesville, Ohio. For four years
he was presiding elder on the Gallipolis
district, and is now presiding elder of the,
Columbus district. He has twice been a
member of the general conference of the
methodist episcopal church; and for two
years served as a member of the general
missionary board of that denomination.
ARBURY, FREDERICK WALTER, ed
ucator, was born Nov. 8, 1856, in Flint,
Mich. He received the rudiments of his
education in the Flint public schools,
and in 1883 graduated from the university
of Michigan. For five years -he was su
perintendent of public schools of Flint,
Mich.; three years at Houghton; and four
years at Battle Creek. Since 1895 he has
been connected with a Boston publishing
house.
ARCHBALD, ROBERT WODROW, law
yer, jurist, was born Sept. 10, 1848, in
Carbondale, Pa. He graduated from Yale
college in 1871; in 1884 was elected addi
tional law judge of the forty-fifth judicial
district of Pennsylvania. He has since
been president judge of the said district,
receiving the re-election in 1894 for an
other ten years.
ARCHBOLD, JOHN DUSTIN, oil re
finer, was born July 26, 1848, in Leesburg,
Ohio. In 1864 he joined the rush to the
Pennsylvania oil regions, and spent
eleven years there in various branches of
the petroleum industry. He rose to
prominence, and has long been the chief
proprietor and president of the Acme Oil
company. Since 1875 he has been identi
fied with the Standard Oil company, and
a director since its organization, and is
now vice-president of the Standard Oil
company, of New York. He is president
of the trustees of Syracuse university,
and a director of the post-graduate hos
pital and training school and St. Christo
pher's home and orphanage.
ARCHER, BRANCH T., Texan revolu
tionist, was born in 1790 in Virginia. He
studied medicine in Philadelphia, and
was for many years a physician and poli
tician in his native state, being a member
of the legislature several times. In 1831
he removed to Texas and became a prom
inent actor in the movements prelimi
nary to the revolution. In 1835 he pre
sided over the famous consultation held
by the American settlers, and with Col.
Stephen Austin and N. H. Wharton
formed a board of three commissioners
to solicit aid from the United States in
the struggle for Texan independence. He
was a member of the first Texan congress
in 1836, and afterward went to Washing
ton, where he became speaker of the house
of representatives and secretary of war
from 1839 to 1842, when by reason of ill-
health he was obliged to retire to private
life. He died Sept. 22, 1856, in Texas.
ARCHER, HENRY HAYES, street rail
way manager, was born July 1, 1860, in
Rokeby, Pa. He is president of the Val
ley Railway company, of Scranton, and
vice-president of the People's Railway
company of Scranton, and the system of
which he is manager comprises thirty-
eight miles of road, owned by seven dif
ferent companies, though operated by the
Scranton Traction company.
ARCHER, JOHN, soldier, physician,
congressman, was born June 6, 1741, In
Harford county, Md. At the commence
ment of the revolution he had command
of a military company; was a member of
the state legislature; and after the war
practiced his profession. He was a pres
idential elector in 1797; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Maryland
from 1801 to 1807. As a medical man he
commanded great influence, and several
discoveries were made by him which
have been adopted by the profession. He
died in 1810 in Harford county, Md.
ARCHER, STEVENSON, jurist, con
gressman, was born in Harford county,
Md. He graduated at Princeton college
in 1805; was a judge of the court of ap
peals; was elected a representative in con
gress from Maryland from 1811 to 1817,
when he was appointed judge in Missis
sippi territory; and was chosen a repre
sentative in congress again from 1819 to
1821. In 1845 he was appointed chief Jus
tice of Maryland. He was the son Of
John Archer. He died June 5, 1848, in
Harford county, Md.
ARCHER, STEVENSON, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 28, 1827, in Har
ford county, Md. He graduated at Prince
ton college in 1846; adopted the profes
sion of the law; was a member of the
Maryland legislature in 1854; in 1866 was
elected a representative from Maryland
to the fortieth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-first, forty-second,
and forty-third congresses. His father,
bearing the same name, and his grand
father, John Archer, were both repre
sentatives in congress from the same dis
trict which he represented.
ARCHER, WILLIAM S., United States
senator, was born March 5, 1789, in Ame
lia county, Va. He studied law, and in
1812 was elected to the Virginia state leg
islature, where he served, excepting one
year, until 1819. In 1820 he was elected
a representative in congress from Vir
ginia, where he remained until 1835. In
1841 he was elected to the United States
senate, where he remained until 1847,
having from the first been placed at the
head of the committee on foreign rela
tions in that body. He died March 28,
1855, in Amelia county, Va.
50
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ARCHIBALD, ANDREW WEBSTER,
clergyman, author, was born in 1851 in
New York. He is a congregational cler
gyman of prominence in Iowa; and the
author of The Bible Verified.
ARCHIBALD, GEORGE D., college
president, was born Feb. 15, 1820, in
Washington county, Pa. From 1861-66
was pastor of the First presbyterian
church of Madison, Ind.; in 1866-70 presi
dent of Hanover college; and from 1873-
74 was president of Wilson Female semi
nary of Chambersburg, Pa.
ARENTS, ALBERT, metallurgist, was
born March 14, 1840, in Germany. After
coming to the United States he was vari
ously occupied as mining superintendent,
and also in charge of metallurgical mills
and smelting works in Arizona, Califor
nia, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah. He
has contributed valuable technical papers
to the Transactions of the American In
stitute of Mining Engineers, and has in
vented numerous appliances.
AREY, HARRIETT ELLEN GRANNIS,
journalist, author, was born April 14,
1819, in Cavendish, Vt. She has been ed
itor of various publications; was one of
the founders and the first president of the
Ohio Woman's State Press association,
which office she still holds. For many
years she has been president of an active
literary and social club of Cleveland,
Ohio. Her principal writings are House
hold Songs and Other Poems; and Home
and School Training.
ARKELL, JAMES, manufacturer, state
senator, was born in England. During
the civil war he invented a machine for
the manufacture of paper sacks; and has
erected a number of manufacturing es
tablishments of Arkell and Smiths in sev
eral of the largest cities. In 1883 he was
elected to the New York senate, and be
came immediately one of its leading mem
bers.
ARKINS, JOHN, soldier, journalist,
was born Feb. 14, 1842, in Fayette county,
Pa. In 1861 he enlisted as a private in
the fifth Minnesota infantry, and served
until 1864. In 1880 he purchased a con
trolling interest in the Denver Rocky
Mountain News, of which he has since
been the manager and chief editor.
ARMHRfSTER, SARA DARY, journal
ist, philanthropist, was born Sept. 29,
1862, in Philadelphia, Pa. She has been
a successful business woman; originated
in Philadelphia the Woman's Exchange;
and is the proprietor of The Woman's
Journal, a weekly paper devoted to the
cause of women.
ARMFIELD, HYATT JACKSON, farm
er, banker, was born in High Point,
N. C., which has always been his home.
He is a successful farmer; president of
the National bank of High Point; direct
or of the Greensboro National bank; and
is also prominent in various other busi
ness enterprises.
ARMFIELD, ROBERT FRANKLIN,
soldier, lawyer, congressman, was born
July 9, 1829, in Gullford county, N. C.
He received a collegiate education; adopt
ed the profession of the law; was county
attorney from 1855 to 1861; state solicitor
for the sixth district from 1863 to 1865;
served in the confederate army as lieu
tenant-colonel during the war of the re
bellion; was president of the state senate
and lieutenant-governor in 1875 and 1876;
and was elected a representative from
North Carolina to the forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses.
ARM1N, CHARLES E.. lawyer, poet,
was born Dec. 27, 1853, In De Kalb, St.
Lawrence county, N. Y. He finished his
education at the State Normal school at
Pottsdam, N. Y. In 1878 he moved out
west, and five years later commenced the
practice of law; has become prominent
in that profession; and is well known as
an able lawyer of Waukesha, Wis.; and
for two years was district attorney of
Waukesha county. His writings have ap
peared in various publications; and his
poems have been given a place in stand
ard works.
ARMINGTON, JAMES HERVEY, sol
dier, consulting engineer, legislator, was
born Aug. 10, 1827, in Providence, R. I.
In the civil war he served as first lieuten
ant and quartermaster in the tenth regi
ment, R. I. Volunteers. He also served
as lieutenant, captain, and colonel of the
sixth regiment, R. I. M. Has been a
member of the city council of Providence
and of the town council of East Provi
dence; and a state representative since
May, 1896.
ARMISTEAD, GEORGE, soldier, was
born April 10, 1780, in Newmarket, Va.
He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for
his successful defense of Fort McHenry,
near Baltimore, against the British fleet,
under Admiral Cochrane, Sept. 14, 1814.
His steadfast bravery on this occasion no
doubt saved Baltimore from capture, and
the citizens presented him with a hand-
Mine service of silver, the centerpiece be
ing in the form of a bombshell. He died
April 25, 1818, in Baltimore, Md.
ARMISTEAD, LEWIS ADDISON, sol
dier, was born Feb. 18, 1817, in Newbern,
N. C. He served in the Mexican war,
and for gallant services attained the rank
of major. He also served in the civil
war; and rose to the rank of brigadier-
general. He died July 3, 1863.
ARMITAGE, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 2, 1819, in England.
He is a prominent baptist clergyman of
New York city; and is the author of
Jesus, His Self Introspection; Lectures
on Preaching; and History of the Bap-
'tlsts.
ARMOR, CHARLES LEE, jurist, was
born in Virginia. He was appointed
from Maryland an associate judge of the
United States court for the territory of
Colorado.
ARMOUR, ANDREW W., banker, was
born Jan. 27, 1829, in Stockbridge, N. Y.
In 1878 he located in Kansas City, and be
came president of the Armour Brothers
Banking company. He subsequently be
came vice-president of the Midland Na
tional bank, when it succeeded to the bus
iness of the Armour bank, and was one
of the directors of the Armour Packing
company.
ARMOUR, HERMAN OSSIAN, mer
chant, was born March 2, 1837, in Stock-
bridge, N. Y. The packing business of the
Armour brothers is conducted on a stu
pendous scale. Their abattoirs in Chi
cago are of immense capacity. Thous
ands of animals are slaughtered there
every day. The firm not only supply mil
lions of the people of the United States
annually with fresh meats, through the
method of distribution by refrigerator
cars, but they are the largest shippers of
cured goods across the ocean for the sup
ply of western Europe. They give em
ployment in their several industries to
upward of fifteen thousand persons, while
the auxiliary branches of the business
attain to the number of about three hun
dred. Herman O. Armour is now one of
the most respected merchants of New
York city, and has identified himself
thoroughly with the business and social
life of the metropolis.
ARMOUR, PHILIP DANFORTH, mer
chant, was born May 16, 1832, at Stock-
bridge, N. Y. Of all the Armour broth
ers, Philip has probably attracted to him
self more public attention than any of
the others by reason of his remarkable
personality and his practical philanthro
py, in which, however, he has been sus
tained by the liberality of the other
brothers. The Armour mission, one of
the most conspicuous institutions in Chi
cago, has been developed through his ac
tivity, originality and generosity from an
humble beginning to colossal magnitude.
The youngest brother, Joseph, who died
Jan. 5, 1881, bequeathed $100,000 in his
will for the founding of a mission in Chi
cago, to be conducted on certain novel
lines. As the executor of the estate,
Philip D. Armour became peculiarly in
terested in the carrying out of the trust
imposed upon him. The mission repre
sents the sum of $3,000,000.
ARMOUR, SIMEON B., merchant, was
born Feb. 1, 1828. He is the oldest of the
Armour brothers. In the development of
the vast industry created by these ener
getic men he was an active participant.
The Kansas City branch came more di
rectly under his supervision and for many
years he has been the leading commercial
spirit in that active and thriving empo
rium. He lacks nothing of that keen
business judgment which is so pre-emi
nently a family trait.
ARMS, MRS. MARY P. S., poet. She is
a writer of Beckwith, Cal.; and her poems
have constantly appeared in the press
and in several standard publications.
ARMSBY, JAMES H., physician, was
born Dec. 31, 1809, in Sutton, Mass. He
conceived the idea of founding a univer
sity in Albany, raised ten thousand
dollars for the object, and deliv
ered in that city the first American course
of medical lectures illustrated with dis
sections of the human body. He was one
of the originators of the Young Men's
Christian association, and was also in
strumental in founding the Dudley ob
servatory. He died Dec. 3, 1875, in Al
bany, N. Y.
ARMSTRONG, ADDISON P., merchant,
was born April 1, 1835, in Clinton county,
Ohio. He was elected in 1870 to the In
diana state senate, and held that position
three terms, or until 1874, serving also in
that time through the special session of
1872. He became a merchant in Koko-
mo, Ind.
ARMSTRONG, DAVID H., educator,
public official, was born Oct. 21, 1812, in
Nova Scotia. He received an academic
education; was a teacher for eighteen
years; and in 1837 removed to Missouri,
opening, in 1838, and conducting in St.
Louis the first public school established
under the laws of that state. In 1847 he
was appointed comptroller of the city of
St. Louis, and reappointed in 1848 and
1849; and in 1854 was appointed postmas
ter of St. Louis. He was appointed a
United States senator to fill a vacancy.
ARMSTRONG, DAVID MAITLAND,
artist, was born about 1837 in Newburg,
N. Y. He was graduated at Trinity col
lege, Hartford, in 1858; studied law in
New York; and practiced that profession
for a short time. It soon became evident
to him that his choice of the law was a
mistake, and he turned his attention to
art. He studied in Rome and Paris under
the best teachers, and divided his time
mainly between Italy and New York. For
four years he was United States consul
general for Italy, resident at Rome, and
was director of the American art depart-
jnent at the Paris exposition of 1878,
when he received the decoration of the
Legion of Honor.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
51
ARMSTRONG, GEORGE DODD, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 15, 1813,
in Mendham, N. J. He is a presbyterian
clergyman of Norfolk, Va.; and the au
thor of The Summer of the Pestilence-
The Doctrine of Baptisms; The Christian
Doctrine of Slavery; Theology of Chris
tian Experience; The Sacraments of the
New Testament; and The Books of Na
ture and Revelation, a criticism of the
theory of evolution.
ARMSTRONG, GEORGE WASHING
TON, business man, was born Aug. 11,
1836, in Boston, Mass. In 1865 he pur
chased a local baggage express, and at
once organized Armstrong's Transfer,
which he soon raised to be a business of
importance and magnitude. He owns
the news business on the entire Hoosac
Tunnel line; and is a director of a num
ber of business corporations.
ARMSTRONG, HENRY CLAY, legislat
or, was born June 1, 1840, in Lafayette,
Ga. He received his education at the
Howard college. During 1876-80 he
served as a member of the Alabama state
senate; in 1880-84 was state superintend
ent of education of Alabama; in 1884-85
was a member of the Alabama house of
representatives; and filled the chair of
speaker in that body; and during 1885-89
he served as consul-general of the United
States to Brazil. He has filled various
high positions in the Masonic lodge; has
been grand secretary of the Masonic grand
bodies; and since 1892 has been recorder
of the grand commandery of Alabama.
ARMSTRONG, JAMES, soldier, con
gressman, was born in Pennsylvania. He
served as a colonel in the successful de
fense of Fort Moultrie, Charleston har
bor, in the summer of 1776, and command
ed the Pennsylvania militia in the defense
of Germantown in October, 1777. He was
a member of congress from 1793 till his
death. He died March 3, 1795, in Carlisle,
Pa.
ARMSTRONG, JAMES, naval officer,
was born Jan. 17, 1794, in Shelbyville,
Ky. He commanded the East India squad
ron in 1855, and assisted at the capture
of the barrier forts near Canton, China,
in 1857. He was in command of the navy
yard at Pensacola, Fla., when that state
seceded in 1861; and surrendered without
resistance when a greatly superior mili
tary force demanded possession. In 1866
he was promoted to be commodore. He
died Aug. 27, 186S.
ARMSTRONG, JAMES F., naval officer,
was born Nov. 20, 1817, in New Jersey.
He was passed midshipman in 1838; pro
moted lieutenant in 1842; and was com
missioned captain in 1862. He died April
19, 1873, in New Haven, Conn.
ARMSTRONG, JOHN, general, con
gressman, was born in Pennsylvania. He
distinguished himself in the Indian wars,
and was consulted by the proprietors of
Pennsylvania on all matters connected
with Indian affairs. In 1776 congress pro
moted him from the rank of colonel to
that of brigadier-general, and he assisted
in the defense of Fort Moultrie, and in
the battle of Germantown. In 1777 he re
signed his commission in consequence of
dissatisfaction as to rank; was subse
quently elected a representative to con
gress from Pennsylvania, serving from
1793 to 1795; and also held a number
of other honorable offices. He died March
9, 1795, in Carlisle, Pa.
ARMSTRONG, JOHN, general, con
gressman, author, was born Nov. 25, 1758,
in Carlisle, Pa. He served as an officer
in the revolutionary war. At the close of
the war, in order to obtain redress for the
grievances of the officers of the army, he
prepared the celebrated Newburgh Let
ters; was a delegate to the continental
congress in 1778 and 1787, from Pennsyl
vania; was made secretary of state and
adjutant-general of the state; to him was
intrusted the direction of the last Penn
sylvania war against the Connecticut set
tlers of Wyoming. Returning to New
York, he was sent to the senate of the
United States, serving from 1800 to 1804,
when he resigned. On the return of Chan
cellor Livingston from the French em
bassy, he was commissioned minister in
his place, in 1804; and was also appointed
a commissioner plenipotentiary to Spain.
Returning to his own country, he was ap
pointed a brigadier-general in 1812; and
in 1813, secretary of war. He was the
author of Notes on the War of 1812;
Treatise on Gardening; Treatise on Agri
culture; and other works. He died April
1, 1843, in Red Hook, N. Y.
ARMSTRONG, MOSES K., surveyor,
journalist, statesman, was born Sept. 19,
1832, in Milan, Ohio. He was educated at
the Western Reserve college; removed
to Minnesota in 1856; was elected sur
veyor of United States lands; on the ad
mission of Minnesota as a state, removed
to Yankton, on the Missouri river; on the
organization of Dakota, in 1861, was elect
ed to the first territorial legislature, and
re-elected in 1862 and 1863, serving the
last year as speaker; was editor of The
Dakota Union in 1864; was elected ter
ritorial treasurer; appointed clerk of the
supreme court in 1865; elected to the ter
ritorial senate in 1866; and chosen presi
dent in 1867. He published the first his
tory of Dakota in 1867; acted as secre
tary to the Indian peace commission to
the Sioux; and from 1866 to iootf estab
lished the base-lines for United States
surveys in southern Dakota, and the
northern Red river valley. He was again
elected to the territorial senate in 1869;
established the first democratic newspaper
in the territory; and was chosen presi
dent of the First National bank of the
territory in 1872. He was elected dele
gate to the forty-second and forty-third
congresses.
ARMSTRONG, P. B., financier, was born
Feb. 3, 1847, in Franklin county, Ind.
He holds the presidency of three different
fire insurance companies, and is a mem
ber of the leading clubs of the metropol
itan districts.
ARMSTRONG, ROBERT, soldier, was
born in 1790 in Tennessee. He command
ed a company of Tennessee artillery under
Jackson in the Creek war of 1813-14 with
distinguished bravery. He again distin
guished himself at the battle of New Or
leans, and in 1836, as brigadier-general,
commanded the Tennessee mounted vol
unteers at the battle of Wahoo swamp.
He was postmaster at Nashville from 1829
to 1845, when he was sent as consul to
Liverpool, remaining until 1852. He sub
sequently became the proprietor and ed
itor of the Washington Union, and was the
confidential adviser of Mr. Polk during his
presidency. Gen. Jackson bequeathed to
him his sword. He died Feb. 23, 1854, in
Washington, D. C.
ARMSTRONG, ROBERT, lawyer, legis
lator, was born September, 1846, in Green
wich, N. Y. He received his education at
the South Hartford academy, Fort Ed
ward Collegiate institute, and the Union
college of Schenectady, N. Y. He was
a member of the New York state assembly
for two terms, in 1881-82 and in 1882-83;
and while a member of that body served
on the judicial committee, and on general
laws. He has attained prominence in his
state as an astute and able lawyer.
ARMSTRONG, SAMUEL C., soldier ed
ucator, was born Jan. 30, 1839, in Hawaii.
He served in the civil war, and in 1865
was brevetted brigadier-general. He laid
the foundation of the now celebrated
Hampton Normal and Agricultural insti
tute; and has helped build many other
institutions.
ARMSTRONG, SAMUEL T., governor of
Massachusetts, was born in 1784 in Massa
chusetts. He was a bookseller in Boston
and among other works published a
itereotype edition of Scott's Family Bible
which was widely circulated. He became
mayor of Boston and lieutenant-governor
of Massachusetts, and in 1836 the elec
tion of Governor Davis to the United
States senate made him governor for the
remainder of the term. He died March
26, 1850.
ARMSTRONG, SARAH B., educator
physician, surgeon, was born July 3l'
1857, near Cincinnati, Ohio. She taught
school for several years, and in 1886
took her first degree in regular medi
cine, and has received the degrees of
B. A., M. A. and M. D. Since 1891 she
has practiced her profession with suc
cess in Bay City, Mich.
ARMSTRONG, WILLIAM, lawyer con
gressman, was born Dec. 23, 1782, in Ire
land. He studied law in Winchester Va •
he was a member of the Virginia house of
delegates; in 1822-23, a member of the
board of public works; in 1820-24 was a
presidential elector. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1825-33.
ARMSTRONG, WILLIAM DAWSON,
musician, composer, was born Feb. 11^
1868, in Alton, 111. He received his edu
cation at the Alton public schools and at
Shurtleff college. In 1889 he was elected
to a professorship in Forest Park univer
sity of St. Louis, Mo.; and in 1891-96 be
came director of the Shurtleff School of
Music of Alton, 111. As an organist and
composer he has attained national re
pute.
ARMSTRONG, WILLIAM H., lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 7, 1824, in
Williamsport, Pa. He graduated at
Princeton college in 1847; and adopted the
profession of the law. He was elected to
the state legislature in 1860-61; and was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the forty-first congress. In 1882
he was appointed commissioner of rail
roads in the department of the interior.
ARNELL, SAMUEL M., educator, manu
facturer, congressman, was born May 3,
1833, in Maury county, Tenn. In 1859 he
went into the business of manufacturing
leather; in 1861 took an active interest in
putting down the rebellion, and suffered
in person and property from the con
federate army. He was elected to the
Tennessee legislature, and advocated the
passage of the constitutional amendment
in 1865. He was elected a representative
from Tennessee to the thirty-ninth con
gress, and re-elected to the fortieth and
forty-first congresses.
ARNETT, BENJAMIN W., bishop, au
thor, was horn March 6, 1838, in Browns
ville, Pa. He was chosen bishop in 1888,
and appointed to the episcopal district of
South Carolina and Florida. He is the
author of The Light Along the Jordan;
and Fifty Years in the Field.
ARNOLD, ALBERT NICHOLAS, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 12, 1814, in
Cranston, R. I. He was a baptist clergy
man who held professorships in several
baptist seminaries successively; and was
the author of Pre-requisites to Commun
ion; Evils of Infant Baptism; and One
Woman's Mission. He died Oct. 11, 1883,
in Cranston, R. I.
52
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ARNOLD, ALEXANDER C., educator,
lawyer, legislator, railroad president, was
born Oct. 20, 1833, at Rhinebeck, N. Y.
He received an academic education; grad
uated from the law school; and prac
ticed law in Wisconsin until 1862. He
served with distinction in company C,
thirtieth regiment Wisconsin volunteer
infantry, and was promoted to captain.
He has been county suoerintendent of
schools; district attorney; member of
the state senate of Wisconsin, and also
of the assembly. He has been president
of the Wisconsin State Agricultural so
ciety; president of the Galesville and
Mississippi Railroad company, and filled
various other offices of honor.
ARNOLD, BENEDICT, soldier, con
gressman, was a member of the assembly
of New York from Amsterdam, Mont
gomery county, in 1816 and 1817; and
was a representative In congress from
that state from 1829 to 1831.
ARNOLD, BENEDICT, governor of
Rhode Island, was born Dec. 21, 1615, In
England. He lived for some time in
Providence, and In 1637 was one of thir
teen who signed a compact agreeing to
subject themselves to any agreements
made by a majority of the masters of
families. In 1645 his knowledge of the
native tongues gained him the office of
messenger to negotiate with the Indians,
and on one occasion they accused him of
misrepresentation. In 1653 he moved to
Newport, and in 1654 was elected assist
ant for that town. In 1657 he was one of
the purchasers of the Island of Conariicut.
On May 19, 1657, Roger Williams having
retired from the presidency of the colony,
Arnold was elected to the office, and he
was again assistant in 1660. On May 2
1662 he was again elected president, and
under the royal charter given in 1663 he
was the first governor of the colony. To
this office he was re-elected in May, 1664,
and In 1669, 1677, and 1678. Gov. Arnold
was Instrumental in bringing about the
reconciliation and union of the two col
onies of Rhode Island and Providence
plantations. He died June 20, 1678.
ARNOLD, BENEDICT, soldier, was
born In January, 1740, in Norwich, Conn.
He fought nobly for freedom until 1778,
when his passions got the better of his
judgment and conscience, and he became
a traitor and joined the British army. He
went to England after the war, and died
June 14. 1801, In London.
ARNOLD, GEORGE, journalist, poet,
was born June 24, 1834, in New York city.
He was a journalist and poet of New
York city, whose verse Is musical without
being especially strong. He was the au
thor of Drift and Other Poems; and
Poems Grave and Gay. He died Nov. 3,
1865, In Strawberry Farm, N. J.
ARNOLD, HARRIET EUDORA
PRITCHARD, poet, was born Dec. 24,
1858, In Killtngly, Conn. She is the au
thor of a number of meritorious poems
and sketches which have appeared in
various magazines and periodicals under
the signature of H. E. P. She Is the wife
of Ernest Warner Arnold of Providence,
R. I.
ARNOLD, HENRY F., lawyer, educator,
was born Dec. 2, 1855, in Newport, Iowa.
He attended the Western college of Iowa
and State university of Iowa, from which
he graduated In classical course In 1881;
and from the law school of the same
university In 1884, receiving the degree
of A. M. He was superintendent of city
schools of Manchester, Iowa, and has
served three terms as county attorney.
ARNOLD, HORACE F., farmer, state
senator, was born June 19, 1857. He was
educated at the Caledonia academy and
the North Dakota university, and has
served as state senator in four legisla
tures of North Dakota. He entered
journalistic work in 1890, and is president
of the Dakota Lake Chautauqua associa
tion.
ARNOLD, ISAAC NEWTON, lawyer,
congressman, author, was born Nov. 30,
1815, in Hartwick, N. J. He was a prom
inent Chicago lawyer and politician, and
member of congress in 1861-65. He was
the author of Life of Abraham Lincoln;
Life of Benedict Arnold; and Recollec
tions of the Early Chicago and Illinois
Bar. He died April 24, 1884, in Chicago,
111.
ARNOLD, JOHN, physician, surgeon,
was born Jan. 15, 1815, in England. In
1877 he moved to Rushville, Ind. He is
a member of the Rush Medical society,
the Union District Medical society, the
Indiana State Medical society, and the
American Medical association.
ARNOLD, JOHN H.. business man,
legislator, was born July 9, 1846, in War
wick, N. J. He received his education in
the public schools; has been a member of
the common council of Pawtucket; and a
representative In the Rhode Island state
legislature since 1896.
ARNOLD, JOHN MOTTE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1824, in Acra, N. Y.
In 1839 he moved to Michigan, residing m
Detroit from 1861 until his death on
Dec. 8, 1884. He filled several methodist
episcopal pulpits in Detroit, Mich.; as
sisted In founding the Michigan Christian
Advocate, which he edited until his death;
and founded the Detroit Methodist Book
concern. Dr. Arnold was the author of
Doctrines of Sanctiftcation; and was a
learned and versatile writer.
ARNOLD, JONATHAN, surgeon, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 14, 1741, In
Providence, R. I. He was a member of
the state assembly in 1776; and was the
author of the act of May, 1776, repealing
the laws providing for the oath of alle
giance to the mother country. He was a
surgeon in the revolutionary army; after
the war removed to St. Johnsbury, Vt.,
where he was appointed judge of the
Orange county court in 1782, holding that
office during the remainder of his life.
He was a member of the continental con
gress from 1782 to 1784. He died Feb. 2,
1798, in St. Johnsbury, Vt.
ARNOLD, JOSEPH MITCHELL, edu
cator, was born Dec. 14, 1863, in New
Buffalo, Pa. He attended the Bloomfleld
academy, and in 1887 graduated from the
Lafayette college. The succeeding five
years he was principal of the Bloom
fleld academy, and since 1893 has been
superintendent of schools of Perry coun
ty, Pa., and has attained prominence In
the field of education for his progressive
improvements of the school system under
his charge.
ARNOLD, LAUREN BRIGGS, agricult
urist, author, was born In 1841, in New
York. He was an agriculturist of western
New York who lectured frequently upon
dairy husbandry and was the author of
American Dairying. He died in 1888.
ARNOLD, LEMUEL H., merchant, con
gressman, governor, was born Jan. 29,
1792, In St. Johnsbury, Vt. He was re
moved to Rhode Island at an early age;
graduated at Dartmouth college, in 1811;
and was educated for the bar, but turned
his attention to mercantile pursuits. In
1831 was elected governor of Rhode
Island, and re-elected in 1832; was a
member of the governor's council during
the Dorr rebellion In 1842; and a repre
sentative In congress from 1845 to 1847.
He died June 27, 1852, in Kingston, R. I.
ARNOLD, LEWIS G., general, was born
in December, 1815, in New Jersey. In
1862 he was placed in command of the
forces at New Orleans and Algiers, La.,
which command he retained until he was
disabled by a stroke of paralysis, from
which he never recovered.
ARNOLD, LYNN J., lawyer, jurist, was
born Sept. 28, 1864, in Burlington Flats.
N. Y. In 1884 he graduated from the
State Normal college of Albany, N. Y.
He then engaged in educational work;
and was admitted to the bar in 1889. He
has attained success in the profession of
law at Cooperstown, N. Y.; and in 1894
was elected surrogate of his county.
ARNOLD, MARSHALL, educator, law
yer, congressman, was born Oct. 21, 1845,
in St. Francois county, Mo. He was edu
cated in the common schools; was pro
fessor in Arcadia college in 1870-71; has
been deputy clerk of the circuit, county,
and probate courts in St. Francois county.
Mo; was prosecuting attorney of Scott
county, Mo.; served two terms In the
legislature of Missouri; and was presi
dential elector on the Hancock ticket. He
was elected as a democrat to the fifty-sec
ond and fifty-third congresses.
ARNOLD, PELEG, jurist, congressman,
was born in 1752, in Smithfleld, R. I. He
was a member of the assembly of Rhode
Island; was for many years chief justice
of the supreme court of that state; was
a delegate to the continental congress
from 1786 to 1788, when he was appointed
judge. He died Feb. 13, 1820, in Smith-
field, R. I.
ARNOLD, REUBEN, soldier, lawyer,
was born Aug. 7, 1833, in Greeneville.Tenn.
He served in the civil war, and was ten
dered recommendation for brigadier-gen
eral, which he declined. Col. Arnold was
elected city attorney of Atlanta in 1867,
and has since been a very prominent
figure in politics and law.
ARNOLD, RICHARD, general, was born
April 12, 1828, in Providence, R. I. He
was a son of Gov. L. H. Arnold, was
graduated at West Point in 1850. For his
services through the war he was, on
March 13, 1865, brevetted colonel, briga
dier-general, and major-general in the
regular army. After the close of the war
he commanded various posts, and on Dec.
5, 1877, was made acting assistant in
spector-general of the department of the
east. At the time of his death he was
major in the fifth artillery. He died Nov.
8, 1882, on Governor's Island, New York
harbor.
ARNOLD, SAMUEL, business man, con
gressman, was born June 1, 1806, in Had-
dam, Conn. He received his education
at Plainfleld academy, In Connecticut, and
Westfleld academy, in Massachusetts; de
voted the most of his life to agricultural
pursuits, and to various interests of com
merce. For many years he carried on
one of the most extensive stone quarries
in the union; was, for a number of years,
president of the bank of East Haddam;
served his native county in the legislature
during the years 1839, 1842, 1844, and
1851; and was elected to the thirty-fifth
congress.
ARNOLD, SAMUEL GREENE, was
born April 12, 1821, in Providence, R. I. In
1862 he was again elected lieutenant-gov
ernor of Rhode Island, and was soon
afterwards chosen senator in congress to
fill a vacancy. He was the author of a
History of Rhode Island; and Life of
Patrick Henry. He died Feb. 12, 1880, In
Providence, R. I.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
53
ARNOLD, THOMAS D., congvessman,
was born May 23, 1798, in Spottsylvania
county, Va. He was elected a representa
tive in congress from Knox county, Tenn.,
from 1831 to 1833; and was elected for a
second term, from 1841 to 1843, represent
ing Greene county. He died May 26,
J870, in Jonesboro, Tenn.
ARNOLD, THOMAS H., journalist, poet,
was born Dec. 26, 1857, in New Orleans,
La. For three years he was connected
with the Chattanooga Times, and is now
editor of the Middleborough News, of
which publication he is also president
and manager. His poems have appeared
In several standard collections.
ARNOLD, TRESSA RICHARDSON,
evangelist, editor, was born May 9, 1864,
in Lanesboro, Minn. In 1882 she gradu
ated from the Emporia Commercial and
Business college, and since that time
has taken an active part as a teacher
and Sunday school missionary, accepting
an evangelist's license in 1885. In 1887
she married T. B. Arnold, the veteran
journalist and book publisher of Chicago;
and since then has been editor of the
Light and Life series of Sunday school
periodicals. Since 1888 she has been an
assistant superintendent of the Chicago
Industrial Home for Children, of which
institution her husband is superintendent.
ARNOLD, WARREN 0., manufacturer,
congressman, was born June 3, 1839, in
Coventry, R. I. He received his education
in the public schools of his native state;
was engaged in mercantile pursuits from
1857 to 1864; and from the latter date
to 1866 was engaged in cotton manufac
turing. Since that time he has been en
gaged in the manufacture of woolens. He
was elected to the fiftieth and fifty-first
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
ARNOLD, WILLIAM CARLILE. law
yer, congressman, was born July 15, 1851,
in Luthersburg, Pa. He was educated in
Pennsylvania and Massachusetts; was
admitted to the bar in 1875 and has prac
ticed law continuously since his admis
sion; had never held any public office be
fore his election to the fifty-fourth con
gress. He was re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
ARNOT, JOHN, financier, congressman,
was born March 31, 1831, in Elmira, N. Y.
He was three times president of the vil
lage of Elmira, and was the first mayor
after its incorporation; and was, subse
quently, twice elected mayor. He became
cashier of The Chemung Canal bank, in
1851, and continued in that position. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-eighth and forty-ninth
congresses.
ARNOT, MATTHIAS HOLLENBACK,
capitalist, was born Nov. 10, 1832. As
president of The Chemung Canal bank, a
family institution, which has in every
crisis proved itself as solid as The Bank of
England, Mr. Arnot has sustained the
financial credit of Elmira in every storm.
His art gallery, which has cost not less
than $300,000, is an evidence that his
aspirations are higher and better than the
mere love of gain. Among his practical
interests are The Chemung Canal bank,
The Sheldon Saddlery Co., Thomas Briggs
and Co., brewers, The Junction Canal Co.,
The Seneca Lake Steam Navigation Co.,
The Chemung Plank Road Co., and The
Elmira Industrial association, of most if
not all of which he is the head.
ARRINGTON, ALFRED W., lawyer,
author, poet, was born in September,
1810, in Iredell county, N. C. He was a
prominent lawyer in the southwest, and
later in Chicago. He was the author of
The Rangers and Regulators of the Tan-
aba; Sketches of the Southwest; and
Poems, with Memoir. He died Dec. 31,
1867, in Chicago, 111.
ARRINGTON, H. ARCHIBALD, con
gressman, was born in North Carolina.
He represented that state in congress
from 1841 to 1845, after which he retired
to private life. His sou, Alfred W. Ar-
rington, attained distinction as a method-
ist preacher, a lawyer, and judge, and a
writer for the magazines under the as
sumed name of Charles Summerfield.
ARROWSMITH, EUSEBIUS WAL
LING, lawyer, was born Oct. 3, 1869, in
New York city. He is a successful law
yer of Freehold, N. J., and makes a
specialty of criminal law. He is deputy
county clerk, and takes an- active part in
democratic politics.
ARTHUR, CHESTER ALLAN, twenty-
first president of the United States, was
born Oct. 5, 1830, in Fairfield, Vt. He grad
uated at Union col
lege, Schenectady,
N. Y., 1849; taught
school and was prin
cipal of the Pownal
academy, Vermont.
Studied law and was
admitted to the bar,
and was married to
Miss Herndon. He
was a delegate to
the Saratoga conven
tion when the re
publican party of
New York was formed. Was judge-advo
cate of the second brigade of state militia
before uie war. In 1860 Governor Edwin
D. Morgan appointed him engineer-in-
chief on his staff and afterwards in
spector-general and quartermaster-gen
eral, holding the latter office until the
close of 1863. He practiced law in New
York city until Nov. 20, 1871, when he
was appointed collector of customs at
that port, and reappointed in 1875. In
1877 he was chairman of the republican
central committee of New York city, when
President Hayes issued his order forbid
ding officers in the civil service from act
ing as political managers. Mr. Arthur
neglected to comply with this order and
was removed by the president in July,
1878. He was a delegate to the Chicago
convention in 1880, and a strong support
er of General Grant. He was nominated
for vice-president on the first ballot,
which stood for Chester A. Arthur, 468;
E. B. Washburne, Illinois, 193; Marshall
Jewell, Connecticut, 44; Horace Maynard,
Tennessee, 30; B. K. Bruce, Mississippi,
8; J. L. Alcorn, Mississippi, 4; E. J.
Davis, Texas, 2; Thomas Settle, North
Carolina, 1; Stewart L. Woodford, New
York, 1. Being elected he took the oath
of office and became vice-president March
4, 1881. On being notified by the cabinet
of the death of President Garfield, he took
the oath of office as president at his own
house in New York city, on Sept. 20, 1881,
at two o'clock in the morning. On reach
ing Washington, Sept. 22, he again took
the oath of office before Chief Justice
Waite. The republican national conven
tion met at Chicago, June 3, 1884. Those
receiving the highest number of votes on
the first ballot were James G. Elaine,
334%, and Chester A. Arthur, 278. On
the fourth ballot Mr. Elaine was nomi
nated. General Arthur retired from the
presidency March 4, 1885, and died Nov.
18, 1886, in New York city.
ARTHUR, CHRISTOPHER, soldier,
physician, public official, was born Sept. 16,
1833, in Highland county, Ohio. In 1862 he
raised a company for the seventy-fifth In
diana volunteers, of which he was chosen
captain. A few days later he was appoint
ed surgeon of the regiment, which was as
signed to the fourteenth army corps. With
this command he served through the en
tire Atlanta campaign. At the battle of
Chickamauga he was taken prisoner, and
sent first to Atlanta, and finally to Libby
prison. He has identified himself with
the public schools of Camden, where he
lived for some years, and is now presi
dent and a stockholder of the Citizens'
bank. He has a very large and interesting
collection of archaeological specimens.
ARTHUR, JESSE, lawyer, jurist, was
born Jan. 14, 1846, in Kershaw county,
S. C. He attended a private -school until
September, 1863, when he entered the
confederate army, and served through the
war. He was made prisoner in front of
Richmond on Aug. 15, 1864; and was re
leased in March of the following year.
In 1889 he moved to Washington terri
tory, attained prominence as an able law
yer; and in 1892 was elected superior
court judge of the state of Washington
for Spokane county, which position he
still holds.
ARTHUR, JOSEPH CHARLES, botan
ist, was born Jan. 11, 1850, in Lowville,
N. Y. He received the rudiments of his
education in the public schools of Iowa;
studied four years at the Iowa Agricult
ural college, taking the degree of B. S.;
then attended Cornell, receiving the de
gree D. Sc. ; and also studied at Johns
Hopkins, Harvard, and the university of
Bonn. He has been instructor in botany
at the Iowa Agricultural college, the uni
versity of Wisconsin; and during 1884-87
was botanist to the Agricultural Experi
ment station at Geneva, N. Y. Since 1887
he has been professor of vegetable physi
ology and pathology in Purdue university.
ARTHUR, TIMOTHY SHAY, journalist,
author, was born in 1809 in Newburg, N.
Y. He was a prolific writer of moral tales,
with much more excellence of intention
than literary merit to recommend them,
but which have enjoyed a very extensive
popularity. He was the author of Ten
Nights in a Bar-Room; Six Nights with
the Washingtonians; and Tales of Mar
ried Life, which are well known works.
His life was nearly all spent in Philadel
phia. He died March 6, 1885, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
ARTHUR, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1796 in Antrim, Ireland.
He was graduated at Belfast college,
came to the United States, studied law
for a short time, and was then called to
the baptist ministry. After preaching
in Vermont and western New York, he
was settled as pastor of the Calvary bap
tist church of Albany, N. Y., where he
remained from 1855 to 1863. He after
ward removed to Schenectady, where he
published a magazine called the Anti
quarian, to whose pages he contributed
much curious learning on a variety of
topics. He published an Etymological
Dictionary of Family and Christian
Names. Dr. Arthur was noted for his at
tainments in the classics and in ^listory,
both sacred and profane. His son, Ches
ter Allan Arthur, was twenty-first presi
dent of the United States. He died Oct.
27, 1875, in Newtonville, N. Y.
ARTHUR, WILLIAM E., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born March 3, 1825, in
Cincinnati, Ohio. He removed with his
parents to Covington, Ky., where he was
educated; studied law, and was admitted
to the bar in 1850. He was elected at
torney for the ninth judicial district, and
served from 1856 to 1862; was a presiden
tial elector in 1860; elected judge of the
ninth judicial district in 1866; and was
elected to the forty-second and forty-
third congresses.
54
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ASBURY, A. EDGAR, banker, business
man, was born Aug. 16, 1836, in Virginia.
He received his education at the Rector
college, Virginia, and at Allegheny college
of Meadville, Pa. He served four years in
the war and was captain in the confed
erate states army. This successful finan
cier and business man has been the presi
dent of the American bank of Higgins-
ville, Mo., for the past twenty years.
ASBURY, FRANCIS, bishop of the
methodist episcopal church, was born
Aug. 20, 1745, in Handsworth, England.
For thirty-two years, Bishop Asbury
traveled yearly through the United States,
ordaining not less than three thousand
preachers, and preaching about seventeen
thousand sermons. He died March 31,
1816, in Spottsylvania, Va.
ASH, MICHAEL W., congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1835 to 1837.
ASHBOTH, ALEXANDER SANDOR,
general, was born Dec. 18, 1811, in Hun
gary. He served in the Austrian army,
and afterwards de
voted himself to en
gineering. In 1861
he offered his serv
ices to the govern
ment, and went as
chief of Fremont's
staff to Missouri;
and was made a
brigadier-general. In
3865 he was brevet-
,t e d major-general
for services in Flor
ida; and was ap
pointed minister to the Argentine Repub
lic in 1866. He died Jan. 21, 1868, in
Buenos Ayres.
ASHBURN, GEORGE W., soldier, wns
born in Georgia. During the civil war he
was a strong opponent of secession, and
raised a company of southern loyalists,
subsequently enlarged to a regiment, of
which he was colonel. On his return
home after the war he boldly advocated
the congressional plan of reconstruction.
He was chosen a delegate to the Georgia
constitutional convention of 1867, and did
much toward perfecting the constitution
of his state. He died April 1, 1868.
ASHBURN, JESSE ANDERSON, farm
er, clergyman, state senator, was born
Dec. 21, 1861, near Pilot Mountain, N. C.
He is a farmer and
a noted clergyman of
Ashburn. N. C. As
an orator he is well
^ g, I known in the south;
where he is also
prominent as a polit
ical speaker. In 1896
^^llj^' ne was elected a
^fl J^^_. member of the
_ WjffJm I North Carolina state
I senate; has taken a
HttKjfll I prominent part in
the deliberations of
that body; at all times advocating with
voice and pen all progressive measures in
the interests of the commonwealth.
ASHBURNER, CHARLES ALBERT,
geologist, was born Feb. 9, 1854, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1880 he was appointed
geologist in charge of the survey of the
anthracitp coal fields, where he originated
a method for surveying and representing
the geology of this great coal-bed which
has received the approbation of mining
engineers and geologists both in the
United States and in Europe. He died
Dec. 24, 1889, in Pittsburg, Pa.
ASHBY, TURNER, soldier, was born in
1824, in Rose Hill, Va. He raised a regi
ment of cavalry, and made so distin
guished a record as a cavalry officer, that
he was appointed brigadier-general in the
confederate provisional army in 1861. He
died June 5, 1862.
ASHE, JOHN, soldier, was born in 1720,
and was a general in the continental
army. He died Oct. 24, 1781, in Sampson
county, N. C.
ASHE, JOHN B., congressman, was
born in 1748 in Rocky Point, N. C., and
was a son of John Baptiste Ashe. He was
elected a representative in congress from
Tennessee, from 1843 to 1845, representing
the tenth district. He died Nov. 27, 1802,
in Halifax, N.-C.
ASHE, JOHN BAPTISTE, congressman,
governor, was born in 1748, in Rocky
Point, N. C. He was a delegate to the
continental congress in 1787 and 1788;
was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1790 to 1793; and
was one of those who voted for locating
the seat of government on the Potomac.
He was elected governor of the state of
North Carolina in 1801. He died Nov. 27,
1802, in Halifax, N. C.
ASHE, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, gov
ernor, was born in 1725, in North Caro
lina, and was a brother of General John
B. Ashe, of the old congress. He was a
lawyer of ability, a citizen of exalted pa
triotism, and a soldier in emergencies.
He was a leading member of the North
Carolina congress; chief justice of the
state from 1777 to 1796; and governor of
North Carolina from 1795 to 1798. He
died Feb. 3, 1813, in Rocky Point, N. C.
ASHE, SAMUEL A'COURT, lawyer,
journalist, was born Sept. 13, 1840, near
Wilmington, N. C. He attended the
Georgetown Mathematical academy, Rug
by academy, Oxford Military academy,
and the United States Naval academy.
He served as a captain in the confederate
army; has been postmaster of Raleigh,
N. C.; and chairman of the state demo
cratic executive committee. He has at
tained prominence as a successful Jour
nalist and an able lawyer.
ASHE, THOMAS SAMUEL, lawyer,
congressman, was born in Orange county,
N. C. He graduated at the university of
North Carolina in 1832; studied law and
pursued that profession; and in 1842 was
elected a member of the legislature of
North Carolina. In 1847 he was elected
solicitor of the fifth judicial district of
North Carolina, and served in that ca
pacity four years; in 1854 was elected
to the state senate; in 1861 was elected
to the house of representatives of the
confederate states; to the senate of the
confederate congress in 1864; and was
one of the councilors of state in 1866;
He was elected to the forty-third and
forty-fourth congresses.
ASHE, WILLIAM S., lawyer, congress
man, was born in Wilmington, N. C., and
was the son of John Baptiste Ashe. He
was a lawyer by profession; served in
the state legislature in 1846, and was rfi-
elected in 1848. He was a representative
in congress from 1849 to 1853. He was
killed on a railroad in 1864, near Wil
mington, N. C.
ASHHURST, JOHN, surgeon, author,
was born Aug. 23, 1839, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He graduated from the university
of Pennsylvania in 1857, and at the medi
cal department in 1860, and from 1862 till
1865 he served as acting assistant sur
geon in the United States army. Since
1877 he has been professor of clinical
surgery in the university of Pennsylvania,
and he has been connected with several
hospitals. He is the author of Injuries of
the Spine; and Principles and Practice of
Surgery; and the editor of Transactions
of the International Medical Congress;
and the International Encyclopaedia of
Surgery, in six volumes.
ASHLEY, CHESTER, lawyer, United
States senator, was born June 1, 1790, in
Westfield, Mass. He established himself
in Little Rock, Ark., then a mere landing,
and was chosen a senator in congress
from Arkansas in 1844. He died April 27,
1848, in Washington City.
ASHLEY, CLARENCE DEGRAND, law
yer, was born July 21, 1851, in Boston,
Mass. He organized the Metropolis Law
school of New York city, and accepted a
firofessorship in its faculty. He was ap
pointed to the chair of contracts in Uni
versity Law school; became vice-dean of
its faculty and executive head of the even
ing department.
ASHLEY, DELOS R., lawyer, congress
man, was born Feb. 19, 1828, in Arkansas.
He went to California in 1849, where he
held the office of district attorney in
1851-53; was a member of the California
assembly in 1854-55; a state senator in
1856-57; and state treasurer in 1862-63.
Early in 1864 he moved to Nevada, and
was elected a representative from that
state to the thirty-ninth and fortieth con
gresses. He died July 18, 1873, in San
Francisco, Cal.
ASHLEY, HENRY, congressman, was
born in Cheshire county, N. H. He was
elected a representative in congress from
Delaware and Greene counties, N. Y., from
1825 to 1827.
ASHLEY, JAMES M., lawyer, merchant,
congressman, governor, was born Nov. 14,
1824, in Pittsburg, Pa. In 1849 he was
admitted to the bar
of Ohio; but aban
doned that profes-
I sion for the business
of boat building. He
was also connected
with the press for
awhile; and subse
quently went into
the wholesale drug
business in Toledo,
Ohio. He was elect
ed a representative
from Ohio to the
thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh, thirty-eighth,
thirty-ninth and fortieth congresses. In
1866 he was a delegate to the Philadel
phia loyalists' convention. He was sub
sequently appointed governor of the ter
ritory of Montana.
ASHLEY, OSSIAN D., soldier, railway
president, was born April 9, 1821, in
Townshend, Vt. In 1889 he was elected
president of the Toledo, Wabash and
Western Railroad Co., which position he
still holds. For a number of years he
was connected with the Boston Journal
as its financial editor, and also a frequent
contributor to the New York Tribune.
He served in the civil war and attained
the rank of colonel.
ASHLEY, WILLIAM H., congressman,
governor, was born in 1778, in Powhatan
county, Va. He was the first lieutenant-
governor of Missouri, after it became a
state; and was a representative in con
gress, from 1831 to 1837. He died March
26, 1838, in Boonville, Mo.
ASHMEAD, HENRY GRAHAM, lawyer,
author, was born June 30, 1838, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was local editor of the
Chester Evening News, The Delaware
County Republican, and other newspapers.
He is the author of History of Delaware
County, Pa.; History of Pennsylvania;
and Historical Sketches of Chester-ou-
Delaware.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
55
ASHMEAD, ISSAC, printer, was born
Dec. 22, 1790, in Germantown, Pa He
was apprenticed to William Bradford, and
in 1821 founded what is now the oldest
printing establishment in Philadelphia.
He set up the first power-presses ever
used in that city, and introduced com
position rollers. He was one of the
founders of the American Sunday School
union, and printed its publications. He
also aided in establishing the American
Presbyterian and the Presbyterian Quar
terly. He died March 1, 1870, in Phila
delphia.
ASHMORE, JOHN D., congressman,
was born Aug. 7, 1819, in Greenville, S. C.
When quite young he filled various offices
in the state militia; was a member of
the South Carolina legislature in 1848,
1850, and 1852; in 1853 was elected comp
troller-general of the state for two years
and was re-elected for a second term.
He was subsequently elected a representa
tive from South Carolina to the thirty-
sixth congress.
ASHMORE, OTIS, educator, astronomer,
was born March 6, 1853, in Lincoln coun
ty, Ga. He has always been engaged in
educational work. For ten years he was
science teacher in the Savannah High
school, and is now superintendent of
schools of that city. He is the author of
Grier's Almanac, the best known annual
publication of the kind in the south;
and has also attained prominence as a
noted astronomer.
ASHMUN, ELI PORTER, lawyer,
United States senator, was born June 24,
1770, in Blandford, Mass. He was a dis
tinguished lawyer, and for several years a
member of the house of representatives
and senate of Massachusetts. In 1816
he was elected to succeed C. Gore as
senator from that state in congress. He
died May 10, 1819, in Northampton, Mass.
ASHMUN, GEORGE, lawyer, congress
man, was born Dec. 25, 1804, in Blandford,
Mass. He graduated at Yale college in
1823; studied law,
and settled in
Springfield in 1828;
served in the state
legislature during
the years 1833, 1835,
1836, 1838, and 1841,
officiating as speaker
of the house in the
latter year. He was
a representative in
congress from 1845
to 1851. In 1860 he
was president of the
Chicago convention; and in 1866 was
chosen a delegate to the Philadelphia
National Union convention. He died July
17, 1870, in Springfield, Mass.
ASHMUN, JEHUDI, missionary, author,
was born April, 1794, in Champlain, N. Y.
He was placed in charge of an expedi
tion to reinforce the colony of Liberia;
remained in the colony for six years, but
in 3828 he was obliged to return home
on account of ill-health. He was the au
thor of a volume entitled Memoirs of
Samuel Bacon. He died Aug. 25, 1828, in
Boston, Mass.
ASHMUN, JOHN HOOKER, jurist, was
born July 3, 1800, in Blandford, Mass. He
was the son of Senator Eli P. Ashmun,
was graduated at Harvard in 1818, and,
on the establishment of the law depart
ment of that university, appointed its
first professor, under the endowment of
Isaac Royall. Prior to this he was asso
ciated with Judge Howe and Elijah J.
Mills in establishing a law school in
Northampton. He died April 1, 1833, in
Cambridge, Mass.
ASHTON, J. HUBLEY, lawyer. He was
a citizen of Pennsylvania, from which
state he was, in 1864, appointed assist
ant attorney-general of the United States
serving three years. He was re-appointed
in 1868, serving one year; and was sub
sequently associated with the court for
the settlement of the Alabama claims.
ASPER, JOEL F., soldier, journalist,
congressman, was born April 20, 1822 in
Adams county, Pa. He studied law and
came to the bar in 1844, writing fre
quently for the newspapers; was elected a
justice of the peace in 1846, and in 1847
prosecuting attorney for his county. He
was a delegate to the Buffalo convention
of 1848; editor of the Western Reserve
Chronicle in 1849, and of the Chardon
Democrat in 1850. In 1861 he raised a
company and was mustered into the vol
unteer army as captain, and was pro
moted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
In 1866 he started a paper at Chillicothe,
Mo., called the Spectator, and, while edit
ing that journal and practicing law, was,
in 1868, elected a representative from Mis
souri to the forty-first congress. He died
Oct. 1, 1872, in Chillicothe, Mo.
ASPINALL, NOVITAS B., physician
and surgeon, was born Oct. 28, 1857, in
Liverpool, England. He studied medi
cine under his father, Doctor R. H. Aspin-
all, a practicing physician of Liverpool,
England. He graduated in 1879 from the
college of Physicians and Surgeons in
London; and after doing hospital work
for two years, came to the United States
and practiced in Chicago, where he was
a medical director in Dr. Borton's sani
tarium. In 1892 he moved to Plymouth,
Ind., where he is city physician, and sur
geon in the county infirmary. Dr. Aspin-
all is a member of the Indiana State Medi
cal society, the American Medical associa
tion, and other prominent medical bodies.
ASPINWALL, THOMAS, soldier, was
born May 23, 1786, in Brookline, Mass. He
was graduated at Harvard in 1804, and
studied law with William Sullivan. He
was major of the ninth United States in
fantry in the war of 1812, and for gallant
conduct at Sackett's Harbor received the
brevet of lieutenant-colonel, and that of
colonel for the sortie from Fort Erie,
in which he lost an arm. From 1815 to
1853 he was United States consul at
London. He died Aug. 11, 1876.
ASTOR, JOHN JACOB, merchant, was
born July 17, 1763, in Germany. His oc
cupation was the purchase of furs from
the Indian tribes and the shipment of
them to Europe. The greatest venture
of Mr. Astor was the founding of Astoria
at the mouth of the Columbia river in
1809. He planted there a fort and a settle
ment, in person, won the friendship of
the Indian tribes, and, during his four
years of control, carried on a large trade.
He also founded the Astor library of New
York by his bequest of $400,000. At
an early period it became necessary for
Mr. Astor to employ ships of his own
in exporting furs to Europe. The return
of these vessels laden with merchandise
led him into an extensive foreign trade.
He gradually acquired a large fleet, and
his ships ploughed every ocean of the
globe and carried cargoes both to and
from England, Germany, France, Russia,
China and America, the cargoes usually
being purchased and sold on Mr. Astor's
account. He died March 29, 1848, in New
York city.
ASTOR, JOHN JACOB, third of the
name, soldier, capitalist, was born June
10, 1823, in New York city, and was a
son of William B. Astor. At the out
break of the civil war Mr. Astor enlisted
as a volunteer, and served with credit on
the staff of General McClellan. After the
war he remained in business with his
father. After his father's death in 1875,
Mr. Astor increased his inheritance by
continuing the purchase and improve
ment of real estate. At his death he was
the largest owner of real estate in New
York city, aside from the Trinity Church
corporation. His estate was estimated
variously between $75,000,000 and $100-
000,000, the bulk of it going to his son
William Waldorf Astor, now the head of
the family. He gave legacies of $400 000 to
The Astor library, $100,000 each to St.
Luke's and the Cancer hospitals, and
other sums to kindred public objects. He
died Feb. 22, 1890, in New York city
ASTOR, JOHN JACOB, fourth of the
name, capitalist, was born July 13 1864
at Ferncliff, N. Y., and a son of William
Astor. The influence of his name has
been sought by financial institutions and
he is a director in The National Park
bank, The Title Guarantee and Trust Co.,
The Mercantile Trust Co., The Illinois
Central railway, The Second National
bank, and The Plaza bank. Already the
possessor of many buildings in this city,
Mr. Astor's civic pride, energy and busi
ness sagacity combined promise to place
upon the island of Manhattan several
splendid buildings during the long busi
ness career which is before him. Vari
ous plans are now in contemplation. He
is fond of the study of science and phil
osophy, and he has written a book en
titled A Journey in Other Worlds: A
Romance of the P'uture, which was su
perbly illustrated.
ASTOR, WILLIAM, capitalist, was born
July 12, 1829, in New York city, and a
son of William B. Astor. In 1875 a visit
to Florida awoke his interest in the vast
undeveloped resources of that state; and
it is believed that his enterprise, during
the next ten years, accomplished more
for Florida than that of any of his con
temporaries. He built a railroad from
St. Augustine to PalatKa, constructed sev
eral modern blocks of buildings in Jack
sonville, and led other men of means, to
join in the work of re-creating a new Flor
ida in place of the old one. His services
were so valuable that the state govern
ment voted him a grant of eighty thou
sand acres of land. He died April 25, 1892,
in Paris, France.
ASTOR, WILLIAM BACKHOUSE, mer
chant, was born Sept. 19, 1792, in New
York. Upon his father's death Mr. Astor
became the sole heir of an immense es
tate. Thereafter he devoted himself to
the preservation and growth of his prop
erty. He was a progressive man and
one of the most active builders of his
generation. It was said in 1867 that he
had inherited and built seven hundred
and twenty dwellings and stores in this
city. He had also promoted important
railroad and insurance enterprises. He
added $250,000 to the endowment of the
Astor library, and made a total of $550,000
in gifts to that institution. His estate
was divided mainly and equally between
his sons, John Jacob and William Astor.
He died Nov. 24, 1875, in New York city.
ASTOR, WILLIAM WALDORF, mil
lionaire, was born March 31, 1848, in New
York city, N. Y. He was chiefly educated
by private tutors at his home, and in Eu
rope; and graduated from Columbia col
lege law school in 1875. He was a repre
sentative in the state legislature in 1878;
a state senator in 1880 and 1881; and was
appointed envoy extraordinary and min
ister plenipotentiary of the United States
to Italy in 1882-85. He is the proprie
tor of the Pall Mall Gazette, of London,
England; and the author of two books.
56
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ATCHESON, WILLIAM HENRY, cler
gyman, was born Feb. 24, 1853, in Gene-
see county, N. Y. He received a thorough
education, and is a graduate of the Chi
cago Theological seminary. He has at
tained success as a clergyman, and now
fills a pastorate in Bloomer, Wis. He
has contributed valuable articles to the
religious press.
ATCHISON, DAVID R., lawyer, United
States senator, was born Aug. 11, 1807,
in Frogtown, Ky. He was educated for
the bar; removed to Missouri in 1830;
and was elected to the legislature of that
state in 1834 and 1838. In 1841 he was
appointed judge of the Platte county cir
cuit court; and during the year 1843 was
appointed a senator in congress, to which
position he was subsequently elected for
two successive terms, serving until 1855.
He died in 1886.
CHARLES GORDON,
lawyer, United States senator, was born
July 4, 1804, in Amherst, N. H. He grad
uated at Cambridge
in 1822; studied law;
and was for many
years in the legisla
ture of New Hamp
shire, and for three
years speaker of the
house. He was a
representative i n
congress from 1837
to 1843; a United
States senator in
congress from 1843
to 1849; and in 1852
was elected a United States senator to fill
a vacancy. He died Nov. 15, 1853, In
Manchester. N. H.
ATHERTON, CHARLES HUMPHREY,
lawyer, congressman, was born Aug. 14
1773, in Amherst, N. H. He graduated at
Harvard college in 1794; held the office
of register of probate from 1798 to 1807;
and was a representative in congress
from 1815 to 1817. He stood at the head
of _the bar in Hillsboro county for many
years; and was a member of the state
legislature in 1823, and again in 1838 and
1839. He died Jan. 8, 1853, in Amherst
N. Y.
ATHERTON, GEORGE W., soldier, col
lege president, was born June 20, 1837, in
Boxford, Mass. He graduated from Yale
college in 1863, and was appointed first
lieutenant of the tenth Connecticut vol
unteers, and remained in command of
his company through the battles of Roan-
oke and Newbern. In 1882 he became
president of the Pennsylvania State col
lege at Harrisburg, Pa.
ATHERTON, GERTRUDE, author, was
born Oct. 30, 1857, in San Francisco, Cal.
She is a grand-niece of Benjamin Frank
lin, and the author of What Dreams May
Come; Hermia Suydam; The Dooms-
woman; Before the Gringo Came; A
Whirl Asunder: Patience Sparhawk and
Her Times; his Fortunate Grace; and
Valiant Runaways.
ATHERTON, GIBSON, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 19, 1831, in Lick
ing county, Ohio. He graduated at Miami
university, Ohio, in 1853; studied law;
was admitted to the bar in 1855; and en
gaged in practice at Newark, Ohio. He
was prosecuting attorney from 1857 to
1863; was mayor from 1860 to 1864; was
a delegate to the democratic national con
vention of 1876; and was elected a rep-
resentative from Ohio to the forty-sixth
and forty-seventh congresses.
ATHERTON, JOSHUA, lawyer, legis
lator, was born June 20, 1737, in Harvard,
Mass. He was graduated at Harvard in
1762; studied law, and began practice in
Petersham. Shortly afterward he re
moved to Litchfield, and in 1773, having
been appointed register of probate in
Hillsborough county, he settled in Am
herst. He became a member of the conven
tion appointed to consider the federal con
stitution, and opposed its adoption on ac
count of the provisions concerning slaves
and slavery. Subsequently he was elect
ed to the New Hampshire legislature, and
in 1793 he was made attorney-general of
the state. He was also for a time com
missioner for the United States direct tax.
He died April 3, 1809, in Amherst, Mass.
ATKINS, JOHN D. C., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 4, 1825, in
Henry county, Tenn. He graduated at
the East Tennessee university in 1846;
studied law; and was elected a member
of the legislature in 1849 and in 1851. He
was elected to the state senate in 1855;
chosen a presidential elector in 1856;
elected a representative in congress in
1857; and was a presidential elector in
1860. He was lieutenant-colonel of the
fifth Tennessee regiment in the confed
erate army in 1861; was elected to the
confederate provisional congress in Au
gust, 1861, and re-elected in 1863. He
was elected a representative from Tennes
see to the forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, and forty-seventh con
gresses; and in 1885 was appointed com
missioner of Indian affairs.
ATKINSON, ARCHIBALD, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 13,
1792, in the Isle of Wight county, Va.
Upon leaving the army he commenced
the practice of law in Smithfield, and was
a member of the general assembly from
1815 to 1817, and also of the house of del
egates and state senate for several years.
In 1843 he was elected a representative
in congress from Virginia, and served
until 1848; was a member of the commit
tee on naval affairs and commerce; was
prosecuting attorney for his county twen
ty years; mayor of Smithfield; and a
magistrate. He died Jan. 10, 1872, in Isle
of Wight, Va.
ATKINSON, BYRON A., business man,
was born in 1854 in Sackville, N. B. He
is the owner of the largest housefurnish-
ing establishment in the United States
in the city of New York.
ATKINSON, CLARENCE T., lawyer,
lecturer, author, was born Dec. 23, 1863,
in Columbus, N. J. He graduated from
the Columbus semi
nary and from the
Adelphic institute of
Bordentown, N. J.
He received the
nomination as a
member of the New
Jersey legislature in
1886, and ran ahead
of his ticket, but
failed to carry
enough votes to se
cure election. He
has participated in
three presidential campaigns, and earned
a reputation as an able and eloquent ora
tor. Since 1886 he has steadily refused to
accept any public office. He is an astute
and prominent lawyer of Camden, N. J.,
and a member of the law firm of Gilbert
and Atkinson. As a lecturer he is well
known throughout the east, and has con
tributed numerous articles to law litera
ture and the periodical press; and many
of his productions have been incorpo
rated into standard publications.
ATKINSON, EDWARD, author, was
born Feb. 10, 1827, in Brookline, Mass.
He is a Boston reformer, active in mat
ters of diet and political economy; and
the author of The Distribution of Prod
ucts; - Labor and Capital; Industrial
Progress of the Nation; The Science of
Nutrition; Margin of Profits; and Taxa
tion and Work.
ATKINSON, GEORGE H., missionary,
was born May 10, 1819, in Newburyport,
Mass. In 1872 Dr. Atkinson became gen
eral missionary for Oregon, and in 1880
superintendent of home missions for Ore
gon and Washington. He died Feb. 25,
1889, in Portland, Ore.
ATKINSON, GEORGE W., lawyer, au
thor, governor, was born June 29, 1845,
in Virginia. In 1870 he graduated from
_, the Ohio Wesleyan
university; took a
post-graduate course
at Mount Vernon
college; studied law
two years; attended
lectures at Colum-
b i a n university;
graduated from the
law department of
Howard university;
and was admitted to
the bar in 1875. He
has been eminently
successful as a lawyer; was four years
United States marshal for West Virginia;
was elected to the fifty-first congress
from Virginia as the representative of
the Wheeling district; and in 1896 was
elected to the high office of governor of
West Virginia. In conjunction with Al-
varo F. Gibbons, he is the author of
Prominent Men of West Virginia; a Vol
ume of Poems; and a half-dozen other
works.
ATKINSON, HENRY, soldier, was born
in South Carolina. He entered the army
as captain in 1808. He was retained in
the army after the war of 1812; was made
adjutant-general, and was finally appoint
ed to the command of the western army.
He died in June, 1842, in Jefferson bar
racks.
ATKINSON, HENRY MORRELL, sol
dier, lawyer, public official, was born Sept.
9, 1838, in Wheeling, W. Va. He removed
to Ohio in 1846, with his parents; was
educated chiefly at the Denverson uni
versity, Ohio, and in Connecticut; re
moved to Nebraska in 1857, and engaged
in the land agency business; studied law
and came to the bar in 1861. He served
as adjutant of cavalry, and in 1864 be
came provost-marshal for southern Ne
braska. From 1867 to 1871 was register
of the land office in Nebraska; subse
quently turned his attention to the law
and railroad building; in 1873 was ap
pointed a special commissioner to Mexico;
and in 1875 was appointed commissioner
of pensions in Washington.
ATKINSON, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 6, 1835, in Deerfleld, N. J.
He is a clergyman of prominence in the
methodist church; and the author of The
Living Way; Memorials of Methodism in
New Jersey; The Garden of Sorrows;
The Class Leader; and Centennial His
tory of American Methodism.
ATKINSON, JOHN M. P., educator,
college president, was born Jan. 10, 1817,
in Mansfield, Va. In 1857-83 he was elect
ed president of the Hampden Sidney col
lege. He died in 1883.
HERRIXGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ATKINSON, LOUIS E., physician, law
yer, congressman, was born April 16,
1841, in Juniata county, Pa. He was edu-
_• cated in the common
schools and at Airy
View and Milnwood
academies; studied
medicine, and grad
uated at the medical
department of the
University of the
City of New York,
March 4, 1861. He
entered the medical
department, United
States army, Sept.
5, 1861; served as
assistant surgeon of the first Pennsylva
nia reserve cavalry, and surgeon of the
one hundred and eighty-eighth Pennsyl
vania infantry, and was mustered out in
December, 1865; was disabled while in the
army, and, being unable to practice medi
cine, studied law; was admitted to the
bar in September, 1870,, and has practiced
law since that time. He was elected to
the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth,
fifty-first, and fifty-second congresses.
ATKINSON, THEODORE, soldier,
jurist, was born Dec. 20, 1697, in New
Castle, N. H. He graduated at Harvard
university in 1718; was secretary of the
colony in 1741; chief justice in 1754, and
major-general of militia in 1769, but the
revolution deprived him of all these
offices. He was a delegate to the congress
at Albany in 1754, and was one of the
committee that drew up the plan of Union
for the defense of the colonies. He was
for many years in the legislature and
council; also held the office of clerk of
the court of common pleas; was colonel
of militia, and in active service during
the French and Indian wars. He died
Sept. 22, 1779.
ATKINSON, THOMAS, bishop, was
born 'Aug. 6, 1807, in Mansfield, Va. He
was elected bishop of North Carolina in
1853. He attended the general convention
of the episcopal church in 1865, and did
much to hasten the reunion of the north
ern and southern dioceses. He died Jan.
4, 1881, in Wilmington, N. C.
ATKINSON, WILLIAM BIDDLE, phy
sician, author, was born June 21, 1832, in
Haverford, Delaware county, Pa. He was
educated in Philadelphia, and graduated
from the Central high school; and in
1853 graduated from the Jefferson Medi
cal college. He has written many arti
cles for medical journals on subjects in
general practice and the diseases of chil
dren. He is author of The Physician and
Surgeons of the United States; Hints in
the Obstetric Procedure; Therapeutics of
Gynaecology and Obstetric; and various
other works. Dr. Atkinson has been the
permanent secretary of the American
Medical association since 1864, and of the
State Medical society of Pennsylvania
since 1862. He was lecturer on Diseases
of Children at the Jefferson Medical col
lege during 1877-86; professor of sanitary
science and pediatrics in the Medico-
Chirurgical college of Philadelphia dur
ing 1888-91. During the civil war he was
assistant surgeon of United States volun
teers. He is also the associate editer of
the Medical and Surgical Reporter of
Philadelphia; and contributes extensively
to medical journals.
ATKINSON, WILLIAM ELRIE, lawyer,
was born July 24, 1852, in Shelby county,
Ala. He has attained success as a noted
lawyer; in 1885 was a delegate to the
congressional convention, and was one
of the leading spirits in founding the
Ouachita Baptist college at Arkadelphia.
ATKINSON, WILLIAM PARSONS, ed
ucator, author, was born in 1820 in Mas
sachusetts, and was a brother of E. At
kinson. He was a professor of history at
the Massachusetts Institute of Technol
ogy; and the author of The Right Use of
Books; History and the Study of His
tory; and Classical and Scientific Studies.
He died in 1890.
ATLEE, JOHN LIGHT, was born Nov.
2, 1799, in Pennsylvania. Dr. Atlee's op
eration for double ovariotomy in 1843 was
the first in the history of medicine. He
was one of the founders of the Lancaster
City and County Medical society in 1843,
and twice served as its president. He
assisted in organizing the Pennsylvania
Medical society in 1848, and became its
president in 1857, and was also one of the
organizers of the American Medical as
sociation in Philadelphia, and was elected
vice-president in 1865, and president In
1882. At the union of Franklin and Mar
shall colleges, in 1853, he became pro
fessor of anatomy and physiology, and
continued there until 1869. He died Oct.
1, 1885, in Pennsylvania.
AT LEE, SAMUEL JOHN, soldier,
statesman, was born in 1738. He com
manded a Pennsylvania company in the
French war; and in 1776 commanded an
advanced battalion on Long Island; was
made prisoner and remained some time
in the hands of the British. He was af
terward a commissioner to treat with
the Indians; was a delegate to the con
tinental congress from 1778 to 1782, and
one of the committee on the meeting of
Pennsylvania troops in 1781. He died
November, 1786, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ATLEE, WASHINGTON LEMUEL,
surgeon, author, was born Feb. 22, 1808,
in Lancaster, Pa. He was a noted sur
geon of Philadelphia, and the author of
Ovarian Tumors and Ovariotomy. He
died Sept. 6, 1878.
ATTWOOD, JULIUS, banker, was born
Feb. 23, 1824, in East Haddam, Conn. In
1859 he was elected judge of the probate
court; from 1873-74 was a member of the
general assembly of Connecticut; and in
1883 was elected president of the Na
tional bank of. New England.
ATWATER, AMZI, pioneer, was born
May 23, 1776, in New Haven, Conn. He
settled in Mantua, Ohio, in 1800; and on
the organization of Portage county was
elected one of the county judges. He died
June 22, 1851.
ATWATER, CALEB, lawyer, legislator,
author, was born Dec. 25, 1778, in North
Adams, Mass. He was graduated at Wil
liams college in 1804; studied law, and be
came a successful practitioner. He moved
to Ohio in 1811, where for some years he
was a member of the state legislature
and postmaster of Circleville. He was
also Indian commissioner under Jack
son. He published A Tour to Prairie du
Chien; Western Antiquities; Writings of
Caleb Atwater; History of Ohio; and an
Essay on Education. He died March 13,
1867, in Circleville, Ohio.
ATWATER, FRANCIS, author, jour
nalist and publisher, was born In Ply
mouth, Conn. He learned the printing
trade early in life, and in 1886 established
and became president of the Journal Pub
lishing company, of Meriden, Conn., pro
prietor of the Meriden Daily News, and
Connecticut School Journal. He is the
author of the Histories of Plymouth,
Conn., and Kent, Conn.
ATWATER, HORACE COWLES, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1819 in New
York. He was a clergyman of the meth-
odist church, south, and published Inci
dents of a Southern Tour. He died in 1879
ATWATER, JOHN W., farmer, state
senator, was born Dec. 27, 1840. He
served in the first North Carolina regi
ment throughout the war, surrendering
with Lee at Appomattox. When the
Farmers' Alliance was organized in Chat
ham county, N. C., he served as president
two terms, and afterward for two terms
as president of the sub-alliance. Has
represented his people for three terms in
the state senate,
ATWATER, LYMAN HOTCHKISS, ed
ucator, author, was born Feb. 20, 1813,
in New Haven, Conn. He was a professor
of philosophy at Princeton college, and
long a noted contributor to the Princeton
Review; and the author of A Manual of
Elementary Logic. He died Feb. 17, 1883,
in Princeton, N. J.
ATWATER, WILBUR OLIN, educator,
author, was born May 3, 1844, in Johns-
burg, N. Y. He has been professor of
chemistry at Wesleyan university since
1873. He has written extensively upon
agricultural chemistry, and published
Co-operative Experimenting as a Means
of Studying the Effect of Fertilizers; and
Results of Field Experiments with Vari
ous Fertilizers.
ATWELL, WILLIAM HAWLEY, law
yer, orator, was born June 9, 1869, in La
Crosse, Wis. He attended the Dallas
public schools, Texas; the Southwestern
university, and the State university. In
1889 he was assistant attorney of Dallas
county; in 1894 was nominee for attor
ney-general of Texas. He has been sec
retary of the State Republican league;
of the National Committeemen league in
1896; and is a prominent member in va
rious societies. He is one of the finest
speakers in the south, his oratory being
strong, sparkling aird convincing.
ATWILL, EDWARD ROBERT, clergy
man, bishop, was born Feb. 18, 1840, in
Red Hook, N. Y. He received his edu-
__ cation at the Hudson
;] Classical institute;
4^h^ j graduated from Co
lumbia college in
^ 1 1862; and was or-
1 dained in 1864, and
j consecrated a bishop
in 1890. He was rec-
* tor of St. Paul's
Jf. ^A. church of Burling-
J* Kh ton, Vt; and in
^f 1882 became rector
|H I of the Trinity
church of Toledo.
Ohio. Since 1890 he has been bishop of
west Missouri, residing in Kansas City.
He has contributed valuable articles to
church literature and the secular press.
ATWOOD, ANTHONY, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1801 in New Jersey.
He was a methodist clergyman, whose
only published work is The Abiding Com
forter. He died in 1888.
ATWOOD, ETHEL, musician, was born
Sept. 12, 1870, in Fairfield, Maine. She
has attained success in orchestral work in
Boston, Mass. She organized the Fadette
Ladies' orchestra, which now has thir
teen regular members in the orchestra,
which is in constant demand.
ATWOOD, HARRISON HENRY, archi
tect, congressman, was born Aug. -6,
1863, in North Londonderry, Vt. He at
tended the public schools, graduating in
1877; studied architecture and began prac
tice in 1886; has erected many buildings
in and about Boston. He was elected to
the Massachusetts house of representa
tives in 1887-89; was elected twice as dele
gate to republican national conventions,
1888 and 1892; was elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
58
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ATWOOD, ISAAC MORGAN, clergy
man, author, was born March 24, 1838,
in Pembroke, N. V. He was educated at
Lockport, N. Y.; entered the universalist
ministry in 1859, and was pastor of
churches in New York, Maine, and Mas
sachusetts. Since 1879 he has been pres
ident of Canton Theological seminary, St.
Lawrence university, where he is also
professor of theology and ethics. The
degree of A. -M. was conferred on him by
St. Lawrence university in 1872, and that
of D. D. by Tufts in 1879. He was editor
of the Boston Universalist in 1867-72, and
of the Christian Leader in 1873-75; and
has been associate editor of the latter
journal since 1875. He is the author of
Have We Outgrown Christianity; Glance
at the Religious Progress of the United
States; Latest Word of Universalism;
Walks About Zion; and Manual of Reve
lation.
ATWOOD, WILLIAM A., merchant,
state senator, was born April 11, 1835, in
Newfane, N. Y. For the past ten years
he has been director and vice-president
of the Genesee County Savings bank,
and in 1881 he was elected mayor of Flint,
Mich. He was elected to the Michigan
state senate in 1887.
AUBRY, LEANDER J., manufacturer,
was born May 1, 1848, in Canada. He is
a successful carriage manufacturer of
New Haven, Conn.; and manufactures
carriages for the best makers in the
United States; carries the leading styles
of both light and heavy work, and makes
special and exclusive designs.
AUDENRIED, JOSEPH C., soldier, was
born Nov. 6, 1839, in Pottsville, Pa. He
served through the civil war and was
brevetted captain in 1866; lieutenant-
colonel, aide-de-camp, in 1866; and
colonel aide-de-camp, in 1869. He re
mained on Gen. Sherman's staff until his
death. He died June 3, 1880, in Wash
ington, D. C.
AUDSLEY, GEORGE ASHDOWN, ar
chitect, author, was born in 1838 in Scot
land. He is a Scottish architect and art
writer of note of Plainfield, N. J. With
his brother, William James Audsley, he
has published Colour in Dress; a Manual
for Ladies; Floral Decoration of
Churches; Cottage, Lodge, and Village
Architecture; Outlines of Ornament in
the Leading Styles; Popular Dictionary
of Architecture and the Allied Arts, in
ten volumes; Polychromatic Decoration
as Applied to Buildings in the Mediaeval
Styles; and (with James Lord Bowes)
The Keramic Art of Japan. His separate
works include Guide to the Art of Illumi
nating and Missal Painting; Handbook
of Christian Symbolism; The Art of
Chromo-Lithography; Notes on Japanese
Art; and The Ornamental Arts of Japan.
AUDUBON, JOHN JAMES, naturalist,
author, was born May 4, 1780, near New
Orleans, La. His admirable work, The
Birds of America, now in the Astor 'libra
ry, sold for $1,000 a copy, and was pro
nounced by Cuvier to be the most mag
nificent monument that art ever raised to
ornithology. His other works are Orni
thological Biography; and Quadrupeds of
America. He died Jan. 27, 1851, in New
York city.
AUGHEY, JOHN H., educator, clergy
man, college president, was born May 8,
1828, in New Hartford, N. Y. He grad
uated from the Franklin college, Ohio,
and for nearly half a century has been
a minister of the gospel. For many years
he was principal of the high school of
Winchester, Ky. ; has served as president
of the Female college, Miss.; and Is now
pastor of the First Presbyterian church
of Mulhall, O. T. He is the author of two
works entitled Tupeh, and Spiritual
Gems.
AUGUR, CHRISTOPHER COLON, sol
dier, was born in 1821 in New York. In
1843 he graduated from West Point; and
during the next two
years served on
frontier duty. In
1846 he took part in
the Mexican war in
the advance to the
R i o Grande. In
1852 he was pro
moted captain; and
served with great
ability in the Indian
troubles in Oregon
during 1855-56. He
served with distinc
tion through the civil war; and in 1865
received the brevet of brigadier-general;
and also the brevet of major-general. He
commanded at Washington during 1863-
66, and was promoted colonel of the
twelfth infantry. In 1869 he was made
brigadier-general of the United States
army; and was retired in 1885. His son,
Jacob Arnold Augur, is also a graduate
of West Point, and a captain in the fifth
United States cavalry.
AUGUR, HEZEKIAH, sculptor, was
born Feb. 12, 1791, in New Haven, Conn.
He was unsuccessful in business, and
turned his attention to sculpture and me
chanical inventions. His best work, Jep-
tha and His Daughter, is in the Trumbull
gallery, Yale college. His most impor
tant invention was a machine for carving
wood, which came into general use. He
died Jan. 10, 1858, in New Haven, Conn.
AUGUSTIN, JOHN, soldier, author,
was born Feb. 11, 1838, in New Orleans,
La. His volume, War Flowers, is a col
lection of poems that were written by him
during his service in the confederate
army. He held at different times the city
editorship of nearly every newspaper of
New Orleans. He died Feb. 5, 1888.
AUGUSTINE, OGDEN W., musician,
composer, was born in 1841 in Franklin
county, Ohio. He was educated under
private teachers. He is teacher of voice
culture and music in the public schools;
and the author of a considerable number
of Sunday school singing books and
works for classes and musical conven
tions.
AUGUSTUS, JOHN, philanthropist,
was born in 1785. He was a shoemaker,
doing business in Boston, and devoted his
means and his labors to aiding and re
claiming the poor and the vicious. For
more than twenty years he was a con
stant visitor to the police courts, seeking
subjects for his charitable efforts. He
died June 21, 1859, in Boston, Mass.
AUHL, MRS. ALICE B., florist, poet.
Her poems are generally on floral sub
jects, and have appeared extensively in
the press of Iowa. She is also the au
thor of a work on the subject of Flowers.
AULD, ISAAC N., lawyer, journalist,
was born March 20, 1858, in Benton coun
ty, Iowa. He graduated from the Till-
ford Collegiate academy of Vinton, Iowa.
In 1882 he moved to Plankinton, S. D.,
where he was city auditor for three
terms. In 1892 he moved to Oacoma, and
there established the Gazette-Leader, of
which he is editor and owner. He was
twice elected register of deeds; and then
became state's attorney for the district
comprising five adjoining counties.
AULICK, JOHN H., naval officer, was
born in 1789, in Winchester. Va. In 1851
he was empowered to obtain permission
to purchase supplies for the United States
steamers in Japan, and to negotiate a
treaty of amity and commerce with that
empire; and commenced the important
work which was completed by Commo
dore M. C. Perry. He died April 27, 1873,
in Washington, D. C.
AULL, ELBERT H., lawyer, journal
ist, author, was born Aug. 18, 1857, in
Newberry county, S. C. In 1880 he grad
uated from the Newberry college. He
taught school after graduation, and for
two years was professor in the Newberry
college. In 1882 he was admitted to the
bar, and for three years practiced that
profession with success. In 1886 he be
came the editor and owner of the New-
berry Herald News. He was president
of the South Carolina Press association
for three years; and is the author of sev
eral historical works; a School History of
South Carolina; and other works.
AULT, JOHN S., soldier, lawyer, was
born Jan. 3, 1841, in New Philadelphia.
Mo. He received his education in the
public schools of Illinois; and graduated
from the Colonel Wing Law school of
Salem, Mo. He has been a lieutenant of
cavalry, justice of the peace, mayor of
Salem, Mo.; besides filling numerous
other offices of trust. He has attained
success as an able lawyer of his state.
AULTMAN, CORNELIUS, manufactur
er, was born March 10, 1827. In 1851 he
entered into partnership with Ephraim
Ball, an ingenious inventor, in the firm
of Ball, Aultman and Co., and engaged
in the manufacture of the plows and
stoves patented by Mr. Ball. Being a
man of marked executive ability, Mr.
Aultman devoted his attention to the gen
eral affairs of the firm, while Mr. Ball
continued to invent new devices, which
the firm took charge of and manufac
tured. The Ohio mower, the World
mower and reaper, the Buckeye inower,
and the New American harvester were
brought out successively, and were man
ufactured in enormous quantities. After
1872 the style was changed to C. Aultman
and Co. Having accumulated more means
than could be employed to advantage in
his own business, Mr. Aultman invested
his surplus resources in various indus
trial concerns, including the Wrought
Iron Bridge company, the Mansfield
Mower and Reaped works, and Aultman,
Miller and Co., of Akron, Ohio. He died
Dec. 25, 1884, in Canton, Ohio.
AURINGER, OBADIAH CYRUS, cler
gyman, author, was born June 4, 1849, in
Glens Falls, N. Y. He is a presbyterian
clergyman of New York state, whose
writings in verse include Scythe and
Sword; The Heart of the Golden Roan;
The Episode of Jane McCrea; and The
Book of the Hills.
AUSTEN, PETER TOWNSEND, edu
cator, author, was born Sept. 10, 1852, in
Clifton, N. Y. He has been professor of
chemistry at Rutgers college since 1877;
and has contributed much to scientific
journals, and published Chemical Lecture
Notes; and Organic Chemistry, from the
German of Pinner.
AUSTILL, HURIEOSCO, soldier, law
yer, legislator, was born Feb. 16, 1843.
in Mobile, Ala., which has always been
his place of residence. He graduated
from the university of Alabama, and soon
attained success as an eminent lawyer.
Muring the war he served as a captain in
the confederate army. He has been a
member of the Alabama state senate, and
served with distinction in that body.
AUSTIN, ARCHIBALD, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1817 to 1819.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
59
AUSTIN, ARTHUR E., business man
legislator, was born July 23, 1868, in Prov
idence, R. I. He was educated in the
public schools of said city; has been for
the past two years a member of the
town council, and representative since
1896; and in 1897 was elected a member
of the Rhode Island state legislature.
AUSTIN, ARTHUR WILLIAMS, law
yer, author, was born in 1807, in Massa
chusetts. He was a lawyer of Boston;
and the author of The Woman and the
Queen; and Other Specimens of Verse. He
died in 1884.
AUSTIN, BENJAMIN, merchant, au
thor, was born Nov. 18, 1752, in Boston,
Mass. He was a Boston merchant, active
as a political writer, and an especially
violent champion of democracy. Consti
tutional Republicanism is a collection of
some of his contributions to the news
papers of his day. He died May 4, 1820,
in Boston, Mass.
AUSTIN, COE FINCH, botanist, au
thor, was born June 20, 1831, in Finch-
ville, N. Y. He was a botanist of Closter,
N. Y.; and published Musci Appalachani,
a description of American mosses. He
died March 18, 1880, in Closter, N. Y.
AUSTIN, DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born in 1760 in New Haven, Conn.
He was graduated at Yale college in 1779;
and in 1788 was settled as the presbyte-
rian minister in Elizabethtown, N. J.
He published The American Preacher, by
various ministers; The Downfall of Baby
lon; a Commentary on the Bible; and
several millennial pamphlets and ser
mons. He died Feb. 5, 1831, in Norwich,
Conn.
AUSTIN, FREDERICK ELLSWORTH,
lawyer, legislator, was born Aug. 6, 1865,
in Taunton, Mass. He served in the city
council of Taunton, Mass., where he has
attained prominence as a political leader.
In 1894 he was elected as a member of
the Massachusetts state legislature.
AUSTIN, GEORGE CURTIS, lawyer,
legislator, was born July 19, 1863, in
Saluria, Pa. He is engaged in the prac
tice of law in New York city, and was
until recently instructor in the law con
tracts at the New York Law school. He
was elected a member of the New York
assembly in 1895.
AUSTIN, GEORGE LOWELL, physi
cian, author, was born in 1849 in Massa
chusetts. He was a Boston physician
whose miscellaneous writings include
Perils of American Women, a Doctor's
Talk with Maiden, Wife, and Mother;
Water Analysis, a Handbook for Water-
Drinkers; Under the Tide; Life of Franz
Schubert: Popular History of Massachu
setts; Life and Deeds of General Grant;
Longfellow; and Life of Wendell Phillips.
He died in 1893.
AUSTIN, HARRIET BUNKER, author,
poet, was born Dec. 29, 1844, in Erie, Pa.
Her great-grandfather, Benjamin Bunker,
was a soldier of the revolution, and was
killed in the battle of Bunker Hill. The
hill from which the battle was named
comprised part of the Bunker estate. She
received her education in the Woodstock
High school and Dr. Todd's Female semi
nary. She has been a prolific writer;
and many of her poems have been set to
music. She is the wife of Mr. W. B.
Austin, a prosperous merchant of Wood
stock, 111., in which city she lends her in
fluence to every reform.
AUSTIN, HELEN VICKROY, journal
ist, horticulturist, was born in 1829, in
Miamisburg, Ohio. As a writer of sketch
es and essays, and as a reporter and cor
respondent she has exhibited marked ca
pacity; but she is best known by her
writings for the agricultural and horti
cultural press.
AUSTIN, HENRY, lawyer, author, was
born in 1856 in Massachusetts. He is a
lawyer of Boston, who has written The
Law Concerning Farms; American Farm
and Game Laws; American Fish and
Game Laws; and Liquor Law in New
England.
AUSTIN, HENRY WILLARD, journal
ist, poet, was born in 1858. He is a jour
nalist of Boston, and the author of Vaga
bond Verses.
AUSTIN, HORACE, soldier, ' lawyer,
jurist, governor of Minnesota, was born
in 1831 in Connecticut. He received an
academic education; taught school; re
moved to Maine, and there studied law.
In 1856 he removed to Minnesota, where
he practiced his profession. He served
as a captain against the Indians in 1863;
in 1864 was elected a district judge; in
1869 was elected governor of Minnesota,
and re-elected for a second term. On ac
count of his health he retired to private
life until 1876, when he was appointed
third auditor of the United States treas
ury in Washington.
AUSTIN, JAMES TRECOTHICK, law
yer, author, was born Jan. 7, 1784, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a prominent lawyer of
Boston, and published a Life of Elbridge
Gerry. He died May 8, 1870, in Boston,
Mass.
AUSTIN, JANE GOODWIN, novelist,
was born Feb. 25, 1831, in Worcester,
Mass. She was the author of Standish of
Standish; Betty Alden; The Nameless
Nobleman; Dr. LeBaron and His Daugh
ters; and various other works. She was
also the author of numerous meritorious
poems; and her contributions to the lit
erature of early New England possess a
rare value. She died March 30, 1894, in
Boston, Mass.
AUSTIN, JONATHAN LORING, patriot,
was born Jan. 2, 1748, in Boston, Mass.
He was graduated at Harvard college in
1766, and became a merchant in Ports
mouth, N. H. He was secretary to the
Massachusetts board of war until October,
1777, and was sent to France with dis
patches to Dr. Franklin announcing the
defeat of Burgoyne and asking for
clothing and stores for the army. He
was a state senator for several terms,
and elected state treasurer, and subse
quently secretary of state. He died May
10, 1826, in Boston, Mass.
AUSTIN, JONATHAN WILLIAMS,
soldier, was born April 18, 1751, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was graduated at Harvard
in 1769; studied law in the office of John
Adams, and admitted to the bar in 1772.
In the Middlesex convention in 1774 he
was chairman of the committee that drew
up the resolutions. He served as a ma
jor in the revolutionary war, and was
commandant at Castle William in 1776.
He died in 1778 in the south.
AUSTIN, MOSES. Texan pioneer, was
born in Durham, Conn. He removed to
the west in 1798, and engaged in lead
mining. In 1820 he went to Texas, and
from Bexar forwarded to the Mexican
commandant at Monterey a petition for
permission to colonize three hundred
American families in that section. Re
turning to Missouri in search of emi
grants, he was robbed and exposed to
hardships that caused his death. The
Mexican authorities granted a tract of
land for a colony, and his son, Stephen
F. Austin, founded the settlement. He
died June 10, 1821, in Louisiana.
AUSTIN, SAMUEL, clergyman, college
president, author, was born Oct. 7, 1760,
in New Haven, Conn. He was a congrega
tional clergyman of Worcester, Mass,
1790-1815, and afterwards president of the
University of Vermont. He was the au
thor of Views of the Church; Theolog
ical Essays; and Letters on Baptism. He
died Dec. 4, 1830, in Glastonbury, Conn.
AUSTIN, STEPHEN F., founder of the
state of Texas, was born about 1790. In
1821 he conducted a party of emigrants
from New Orleans to take possession of
a tract of land granted to his father by
the Mexican government, and they set
tled where the city of Austin now stands.
In 1833 the Texas colonists formed a con
stitution, and applied for admission to
the Mexican confederacy, but Mexico be
ing in a state of anarchy, he failed to
find recognition. In 1835 he went as com
missioner to the United States to promote
the liberation of Texas from Mexico, but
did not live to see it admitted into the
Union. He died Dec. 27, 1836, in Texas.
AUSTIN, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born March 2, 1778, in Charlestown.
Mass. He was a Boston lawyer whose
best claim to remembrance is that he was
author of the famous sketch Peter Rugg,
the Missing Man, which appeared in the
New England Galaxy in 1824. It is a
very remarkable imaginative study that
in some respects anticipates the later
work of Hawthorne. Other works of his
are Letters from London; and The Hu
man Character of Jesus Christ. He died
June 27, 1841, in Charlestown, Mass.
AUSTIN, WILLIAM HARVEY, lawyer,
state senator, was born Oct. 22, 1859, in
Binghamton, N. Y. He came to Wiscon
sin in the spring of 1869 and settled at
Portage City; moved to Milwaukee in
1871, where he has practiced law since
1879. In 1880 and 1881 he was assistant
district attorney for Milwaukee county;
was school commissioner in 1889; and was
appointed assistant city attorney of the
eity of Milwaukee in 1890; and was city
attorney in 1891. In the fall of 1892 he
was elected to the Wisconsin state assem
bly upon the republican ticket from the
fifteenth and sixteenth wards; he was the
unanimous choice of his party for speaker
during the session of 1893. in the fall of
1894 he was elected state senator.
AUSTRIAN, JOSEPH, merchant, was
born Sept. 15, 1833, in Bavaria. About
1882 the interests were consolidated un
der the name of the Lake Michigan and
Lake Superior Transportation company,
Mr. Austrian being elected the general
manager, which office he yet holds. The
company now operates six excellent
steamers. The magnificent Manitou, the
finest steel passenger steamer on the
lakes, was added to the fleet in 1893. Mr.
Austrian has an interest in the Mastodon
Iron company, near Crystal Falls, Mich.,
of which he has always been secretary
and treasurer.
AVANN, ELLA H. BROCKWAY, edu
cator, was born May 20, 1853, in Newaygo,
Mich. In 1871 she graduated from the
Albion college of Michigan; and subse
quently became preceptress of that insti
tution. She filled the chair of English
literature and also lectured on the his
tory of music. For ten years she was
president of the Woman's Foreign Mis
sionary society; makes frequent contri
butions to the religious press; and holds
official positions in various literary, social
and benevolent societies.
AVER, HENRY OGDEN, architect, was
born Jan. 31, 1852, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
He designed monuments and mortuary
chapels, as well as houses of very notable
excellence. He died April 30, 1890, in New
York city.
60
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
AVHRELL, WILLIAM WOODS, soldier,
was born Nov. 5, 1832, in Cameron, N. Y.
He was engaged with the army of the Po-
tomac in its most
^^•M^^ important cam-
F^k paigns. In March,
•k 1863, he began the
, series of cavalry
MMflh 1 I raids in western Vir-
' ginia that made his
• name famous. He
started with a force
of 5,000 men and
drove the confeder
ates out of Green-
brier county, captur
ing three guns and
about one hundred prisoners. In De
cember he was again in motion, advanc
ing with a strong force into southwest
ern Virginia. In Dec. 16 he struck the
Virginia and Tennessee railroad at Sa
lem, Gen. Longstreet's base of supplies
He destroyed the railroad, severing an
important line of communication between
the confederate generals Lee and Bragg,
and burned a large quantity of provis
ions, clothing, and military equipments.
AVERETT, THOMAS H., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a resident
of Halifax county; and was elected a
representative in congress from the third
district in that state, from 1849 to 1853.
AVERILL, JOHN T., manufacturer,
general, state senafor, congressman, was
born March 1, 1825, in Alna, Maine. He
completed his studies at the Maine \Ves-
leyan university; was a manufacturer;
and was elected to the state senate of
Minnesota in 1858-59. He entered the
union army in 1862 as lieutenant-colonel
of the sixth Minnesota infantry, and was
mustered out in 1865, as brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers. He was elected to the
forty-second and forty-third congresses.
AVERY, ALEXANDER R., lawyer was
born Nov. 14, 1846, in Canada. He began
the practice of law at Port Huron, Mich.;
and was appointed city attorney in 1876;
was prosecuting attorney in 1884-87; and
in 1891 he was appointed postmaster; and
in 1881 was elected great commander of
the order of the Knights of Maccabees.
AVERY, ALIDA CORNELIA, physician
was born June 11, 1833, in Sherburne, N.
Y. She taught in sundry schools in New
York state; was resident physician and
professor of physiology and hygiene in
Vassar college from 1865-74; and presi
dent of the Colorado State Suffrage asso
ciation in 1876-77.
AVERY, ALPHONSO CALHOUN, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was borh Sept. 11,
1837. in Morganton, N. C. He entered the
army in 1861, and was commissioned first
lieutenant; in 1862 was elected captain;
and the same year was appointed major
and assistant adjutant-general. At the
close of the war he resumed the practice
of law, and in 1888 he was nominated as
sociate justice of the supreme court of
North Carolina for a term of eight years.
AVERY, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
manufacturer, was born Dec. 3, 1801, in
Aurora, N. Y. The principal products of
his industry were cotton sweeps, and
chilled, wheel gang, shovel, steel, subsoil
and sulky plows. The old firm are now
incorporated with a capital of $1,500,000,
the stock being owned almost wholly by
the Avery family. The founder was a
man of great force of character and busi
ness genius and became one of the most
highly regarded citizens of Louisville,
Ky.
AVERY, BENJAMIN PARKE. journal
ist, author, was born in 1829, In New York
city. He was a Californian journalist
who was appointed minister to China in
1874; and was the author of Californian
Pictures in Prose and Verse. He was one
of the founders of the San Francisco Art
association. He died on Nov. 8, 1875,
in Pekin, China.
AVERY, CATHARINE HITCHCOCK
TILDEN, educator, author, was born Dec.
13, 1844, in Monroe, Mich. In 1867 she
graduated from the Framingham Nor
mal school of Massachusetts; and at
tained success in educational work. In
1870 she was married to Dr. Leroy M.
Avery, the author of a series of text
books on natural philosophy and chem
istry. She is president of the East End
Conversational club of Cleveland, Ohio;
and has held high positions in various
organizations of that city.
AVERY, DANIEL, congressman, was
elected a representative from Cayuga
county in congress from New York from
1811 to 1815; and again from 1816 to
1817.
AVERY, ELROY McKENDREE, Ph. D.,
LL. D., soldier, journalist, legislator, au
thor, was born July 14, 1844, in Erie,
Mich. He served with
distinction through
the civil war; en
listed in the first
company that went
from Monroe to the
front, and was pro
moted to sergeant-
major. During his
military service he
also acted as corre
spondent of the De
troit Daily Tribune.
In 18 1 1 he graduated
from the university of Michigan; ami
during his collegiate course was engaged
in journalistic work. Early in life he
taught school, and in 1871 became super
intendent of public schools of East Cleve
land, Ohio; then principal of the East
High school, and subsequently of the
Normal school. In 1893 he was elected
a member of the Ohio state legislature,
and received the re-election in 1895. He
is the author of Avery's Elements of
Physics; Avery's Elements of Natural
Philosophy; School Physics; Element
ary Physics; and First Lessons in
Physical Science. For the past ten years
he has given most of his time to the
preparation of a Popular History of the
United States, soon to be published in
eight octavo volumes, with maps and
illustrations.
AVERY, ISAAC WHEELER, lawyer,
journalist, author, was born May 2, 1837,
i» St. Augustine, Fla. He held a success
ful law practice in Dalton, Ga., but im
1869 removed to Atlanta and became the
chief editor of the Atlanta Constitution.
He is the author of Digest of the Georgia
Supreme Court Reports; and a History of
Georgia.
AVERY, JOHN, physician, surgeon,
congressman, was born Feb. 29, 1824, In
Watertown, N. Y. He removed to Michi
gan in 1836; graduated from Cleveland
Medical college in 1850, and has been in
the active practice of his profession since
that time. He was assistant surgeon and
surgeon of the twenty-first Michigan in
fantry; served in the army of the Cum
berland in Kentucky and Tennessee, and
was with Sherman on his march to the
sea. He was member of the state legis
lature from Montcalm county in 1869-
70; was appointed member of the state
board of health in 1880 and reappointed
in 1886, and for the last six years has been
president of the board. He has been a
United States pension examiner for the
last sixteen years, member of the Stanton
board of United States examiners for six
years, and president of the board for the
last three years; has been member of the
school board and common council of
the city of Greenville; and has been
annually elected for twelve years su
pervisor of the first ward. He was elected
to the fifty-third and re-elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
AVERY, OMER H., lawyer, legislator,
was born April 3, 1854, in Lincoln county,
Mo. He was educated in the public
schools and at the state university; elect
ed public administrator of Lincoln coun
ty in 1880, and prosecuting attorney in
1888; and was a member of the thirty-
eighth and thirty-ninth general assembly
of the Missouri state legislature.
AVERY, OSCAR F., soldier, legislator,
was born Nov. 19, 1841, in Hillsdale coun
ty, Mich., and entered Hillsdale college in
1860. In 1861 he left school and enlisted
in the eleventh Michigan infantry, com
pany B, and served until November, 1865,
when he was mustered out. He partici
pated in the battles of Stone River and
Chickamauga. He has served with dis
tinction as a member of the Illinois state
legislature.
AVERY, RACHEL FOSTER, woman
suffragist, was born Dec. 30, 1858, in Pitts-
burg, Pa. In 1871 she became identified
with the Citizens' Suffrage association of
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1881 she planned
the series of ten conventions to be held
in the different New England states; in
1882 she conducted the Nebraska amend
ment campaign; and in 1883 went to
Europe with Susan B. Anthony and trav
eled through nearly all the European
countries in the interests of woman suf
frage. She is at the head of almost every
movement of the National Woman Suf
frage association; and contributes ex
tensively to current literature.
AVERY, ROSA MILLER, reformer, was
born May 21, 1830, in Madison, Ohio.
During the years of the war her pen
was actively engaged in writing for vari
ous journals on the subject of union and
emancipation. For nearly twenty years
she has resided in Chicago, and many of
her ably-written articles and responses
to the opponents of franchise for women
have appeared from time to time in the
Chicago Inter Ocean.
AVERY, SAMUEL P., artist, was born
March 17, 1822, in New York city. He
founded the Avery Architectural library
at Columbia college, New York city; and
is the author of an article entitled Prog
ress of the Fine Arts in New York Dur
ing Fifty Years.
AVERY, WAITSTILL, lawyer, patriot,
was born May 3, 1745, in Groton, Conn.
In 1775, he was a delegate to the congress
at Hillsborough which organized the mili
tary force of the state. In the summer of
1776, he joined the army of Gen. Ruther
ford in the Cherokee nation, and was a
commissioner at the treaty of Holston,
which gave peace to the western frontier.
In the fall of 1776, he was again a mem
ber of the state congress. In 1781 he
moved to Burke county, which he repre
sented many years in the state legislature.
He was the first state attorney-general of
North Carolina in 1777. He died March
15, 1821, in Burke county. N. C.
AVERY, WILLIAM T., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 11, 1819, in
Maury county, Tenn. He was a lawyer by
profession; was elected to the legislature
of Tennessee in 1843; and held several
creditable positions in his native state.
He was chosen a representative to the
thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth congresses.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
AVERY, WILLIAM W., lawyer, state
senator, was born May 25, 1816, in Suan
Ponds, N. C. He was speaker of the
North Carolina senate in 1856; and was
again elected in 1860. In 1861 he was elect
ed by the convention as one of the mem
bers from the state at large of the provis
ional congress of the confederate states.
He died July 3, 1864, in Morgantown, N. C.
AX, CHRISTIAN, manufacturer, was
born Nov. 12, 1823, in Prussia. Coming
to America in 1851 he was employed as
a traveling salesman by George W. Gail,
manufacturer of smoking tobacco, to
whom he proved so valuable an aid that,
in 1855, Mr. Gail admitted him to partner
ship. The firm of G. W. Gail and Ax
developed during the life of Mr. Ax one
of the largest manufacturing plants of its
class in the country. It is now identified
with The American Tobacco Co. He
died March 20, 1887.
AXTELL, JOHN T., physician, surgeon,
was born Aug. 11, 1856, in Roseville, 111.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the common schools of Kansas;
in 1879-80 attended the university of
Michigan; and in 1883 graduated from
the Bellevue Hospital Medical college.
For many years he filled the chair of
orthopedic surgery in the college of Phy
sicians and Surgeons (university of Kan
sas City). He is the proprietor of the
Axtell hospital of Newton, Kan., and
one of the most prominent men in the
medical profession of that state.
AXTELL, SAMUEL B., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, governor, was born Oct. 14,
1819, in Franklin county, Ohio. He was
educated at Oberlin, and Western Reserve
colleges; studied and practiced law; emi
grated to California in 1851; and was
elected a representative from that state
to the fortieth and forty-first congresses.
In 1874 he was appointed governor of
Utah; in 1875 was appointed to the same
position in New Mexico; in 1876 was
selected as one of the judges at the Cen
tennial exhibition; and in 1882 was ap
pointed chief justice of the supreme court
of New Mexico.
AYCRIGG, JOHN B., congressman, was
born in New York. He was elected a
representative in congress from New Jer
sey from 1837 to 1839, and again from
1841 to 1843. In 1844 he was a presidential
elector; and was a candidate for election
to the twenty-sixth congress.
AYER, FRANKLIN DEMING, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 19, 1832, in
St. Johnsbury, Vt. He graduated from
Dartmouth col 1 e g e
and the Andover
Theological semin
ary. He was or
dained in 1861. and
has filled pastorates
in the congregation
al church at Milford,
N. H., during 1861-
67; and at the
First Congregational
church at Concord
since 1867. During
1871-80 he was secre
tary of the New Hampshire General as
sociation; is trustee of the New Hamp
shire Home Missionary society; presi
dent of the New Hampshire Prisoners'
Aid society since 1881; and moderator of
the General association of New Hamp
shire since 1887. He is the author of
History of the First Church of Concord,
N. H.; several published sermons; and
many articles in current literature. His
chnrch is one of the oldest and strongest
in the state.
AYER, FREDERICK, manufacturer,
was born Dec. 8, 1822, in Ledyard, Conn.
In 1855 Mr. Ayer retired to join his
brother in the manufacture of Ayer's Pro
prietary Medicines in the firm of J. C.
Ayer and Co., Lowell, Mass., and was
made treasurer of the company. In 1885
he bought The Washington Mills of Law
rence; was president for the first year,
and has been treasurer ever since. The
company employs three thousand two
hundred hands.
AYER, FREDERICK FANNING, law
yer, was born Sept. 12, 1851, in Lowell,
Mass. Upon his father's death in 1878
Mr. Ayer became the
^W""' manager of the great
Jf properties which his
father had created.
j^mA He nas displayed
business ability of a
.' . _ M high order, and his
previous legal train
ing ' has aided to
make him a success
ful financier. Among
many philanthropic
acts, it is told of him
that in 1890 he gave
$5,000 for books for a public library in
the town house of Ayer, and later built
r'or the town the Ayer Memorial Library
building, at a cost of about $40,000. He is
a director of The Lake Superior Ship
Canal Railway and Iron Co., The Portage
Lake and River Improvement Co., The
Lowell and Andover railroad, The J. C.
Ayer Co., The Tribune association in
New York, and the Tremont and Suffolk
mills.
AYER, HARRIET HUBBARD, business
woman, journalist, was born in 1852, in
Chicago, 111. She graduated from the
convent of the Sacred Heart. She be
came a business woman of the highest
type in New York city; and rapidly made
a fortune from her Recamier preparation.
The Recamier company, of which she Is
the president and chief owner, now oc
cupies a five-story building in New York
city, and employs nearly a hundred people.
AYER, JAMES COOK, manufacturer,
was born May 5, 1818, in Groton, Conn.,
which city now bears the name of Led
yard. He has become famous as a manu
facturer of proprietary medicines, and as
an organizer and financier. In his veins
ran the blood of old American families,
distinguished for personal character and
active interest in public affairs. Freder
ick Ayer, his father, who served as a sol
dier of the war of 1812 and died in 1825,
was a son of Elisha Ayer, a hero of the
American revolution. Ayer's Almanac
was given away by the millions of copies.
The principal remedies prepared by Dr.
Ayer were his Cherry Pectoral, Sarsapar-
illa, Ague Cure, Hair Vigor, and Pills.
A large laboratory was built to accommo
date the growing manufacture, and was
expanded until it gave employment to
nearly three hundred persons. In 1874
he received the republican nomination for
congress. He left a fortune of twenty
million dollars. He died July 3, 1878, in
Winchendon, Mass.
AYER, JOHN A., banker, was born Aug.
2 1847, in Jacksonville, 111. He attended
the Illinois college; and has attained suc
cess in business affairs in his native city;
where he is a prominent banker.
AYER, RICHARD S., soldier, congress
man, was born Oct. 9, 1829, in Waldo
county, Maine. He engaged in agricultur
al and mercantile pursuits; at the break
ing out of the rebellion enlisted as a
private in the fourth Maine volunteers,
and was promoted to a captaincy, which
position he held for three years, serving
at the first battles of Bull Run, Seven
Pines, and Malvern Hill. In 1865 he re
moved to Virginia; in 1867 was elected a
delegate to the Virginia constitutional
convention; and was elected to the forty-
first congress.
AYLSWORTH, WILLIAM PRINCE,
clergyman, theologian, was born Dec. 12,
1844, in Cuba, 111. He attended the Chi
cago university and Bethany college, re
ceiving the degrees of B. A. and M. A.
from the latter institution, and LL. D.
from Cotner university. He has held pas
torates at Angola and Fort Wayne, Ind.,
and in Columbus, Ohio. He was president
of the Fairfield college, and is now presi
dent of Cotner university of Lincoln, Neb.
AYRES, ALFRED, author, was born
Feb. 26, 18— in Montrose, Ohio. He is
the author of The Orthoepist; The Verbal
ist; The Mentor; Acting and Actors; and
The Essentials of Elocution. He has also
attained success as a dramatist and actor.
AYRES, ANNE, author, was born in
1816, in England. She was the first mem
ber of an American sisterhood in the
protestant episcopal church, becoming a
sister of the Holy Communion in 1845.
She was the author of Evangelical Sister
hoods; and Life of W. H. Muhlenberg.
She died in 1896.
AYRES, ROMEYN BECK, soldier, was
born Dec. 20, 1825, in East Creek, N. Y.
He served during the civil war, and in
1864 was made major-general of volun
teers, for conspicuous gallantry in the
battles of the Virginia campaign. He died
Dec. 4, 1888, in Fort Hamilton, N. Y.
BAART, P. A., priest, was born in 1858
in Coldwater, Mich. In 1881 he was or
dained to the priesthood; and in 1890 was
appointed one of the four irremovable
rectors of the Detroit diocese, and also
chosen one of the examiners of the clergy.
BABB, WASHINGTON I., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Oct. 2, 1844, in Des Moines,
Iowa. He graduated from the Wesleyan
university. He was elected a member of
the Iowa state legislature; has served as
district judge of the second judicial dis
trict; and was the democratic candidate
for governor of Iowa in 1895.
BABBITT, B. T., manufacturer, was
born in 1809, in Westmoreland, N. Y. He
discovered a new process for making sal-
eratus at a great saving of cost, and in
a few years acquired control of the trade
of the whole country. He also manufac
tured soda and potash. In 1858 he began
the manufacture of soap, from which he
amassed a fortune. He died Oct. 20, 1889,
in New York. .
BABBITT, CLINTON, farmer, public
official, congressman, was born Nov. 16,
1831, in Westmoreland, N. H. He re
ceived a common school education and
graduated from Keene academy, New
Hampshire; removed to Wisconsin in
1853; is by occupation a farmer and
breeder of blooded stock, and resides on
his farm, giving his personal attention to
that business. He was for several years
secretary of Wisconsin State Agricultural
society; was elected alderman, and was
one of the members of the first city coun
cil of Beloit. He was appointed post
master of Beloit in 1886; was democratic
candidate for congress in 1880; and was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
BABBITT, EDWIN B., soldier, was born
about 1802 in Connecticut. He was hre-
vetted brigadier-general for his services
on March 13, 1865. He died Dec. 10, 1881,
in Fortress Monroe.
62
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BABBITT, ELIJAH, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1796 in Providence, R. I.
He was prosecuting attorney for the state
in 1833; served in the state legislature in
1836 and 1837; was a state senator in
1844 and 1845; and was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
sixth and thirty-seventh congresses.
BABBITT, ISAAC, inventor, was born
July 26, 1799, in Taunton, Mass. In 1839,
he discovered the now well-known anti
friction metal that bears his name and is
so extensively used in lining boxes for
axles and gudgeons. For this invention
he received in 1841 a gold medal from the
Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics' as
sociation, and afterward congress granted
him |20,000. He was also engaged in the
manufacture of soap. He died May 26,
1862, in Somerville, Mass.
BABCOCK, ALFRED, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1841 to 1843.
BABCOCK, CHARLES A., naval officer,
was born June 12, 1833, in New York city.
While co-operating with the army on the
James, York and Pamunkey rivers, he
defeated the confederates in several ac
tions. He was afterward attache'd to the
Pensacola navy yard, and in 1868-69 com
manded the steamer Nyack of the South
Pacific squadron. He died June 29, 1876,
in New Orleans, La.
BABCOCK, CHARLES ALMANZO, edu
cator, scientist, was born in 1849. He
graduated from Hamilton college, and re
ceived the degrees of A. M. and LL. B.
He has filled the chair of science in the
New York State Normal school; and has
been superintendent of schools of Oil City,
Pa. He has lectured on scientific subjects,
and contributed valuable articles on sci
ence to current literature. He is the or
iginator and founder of bird day in the
schools of America; and is a member of
the British Astronomical association.
BABCOCK, ELNORA MONROE, woman
suffragist, was born Jan. 11, 1852, in
Columbus, Pa. In 1870 she was married
to Prof. John W. Babcock of Jamestown,
N. Y., and now superintendent of public
schools in Dunkirk. She became presi
dent of the Dunkirk club; was elected
president of the Chautauqua County Polit
ical Equality club, of which she still holds
the presidency. In 1891 she had the honor
of presiding over the first woman suffrage
meeting ever held at the great Chautau
qua assembly.
BABCOCK, EMMA WHITCOMB, au
thor, was born April 24, 1849, in Adams,
N. Y. She is the wife of Prof. C. A. Bab-
cock, superintendent of schools of Oil
City, Pa. She has done considerable work
as book reviewer; has contributed to
various leading magazines; and is the
author of Household Hints; A Mother's
Note Book; and other works. She is
president of a literary club well known
In western Pennsylvania, which has
founded a public library.
BABCOCK, FRANCIS GRANGER,
banker, legislator, was born in 1831, In
Pharsalia, N. Y. He purchased large
tracts of land with reference to their
value as timber land, which turned out
to be petroleum producing. In 1875 he
established The Bank of Hornellsville,
and is the owner of the celebrated Bab-
cock Stock Farms. In 1853 he was elected
to the legislature.
BABCOCK, GEORGE HERMAN, in
ventor, engineer, manufacturer, philan
thropist, was born Jan. 17, 1832. The
Babcock and Wilcox boilers have been
the most extensively built and sold of
all devices of this nature. Large works
for their production have been built In
Elizabeth, N. J. Works have been estab
lished in the city of Glasgow, from which
the markets of the world are supplied. He
died Dec. 20, 1894, near Otsego, N. Y.
BABCOCK, HARMON SEELEY, edu
cator, lawyer, poet, author, was born April
11, 1849, in Lebanon, R. I. In 1874 he
graduated from the Brown university
with the degree of A. B., and was valedic
torian of his class. In 1877 received the
degree of A. M., and was admitted to the
bar in the same year. For three years he
was superintendent of public schools of
East Providence, R. I.; was town solicitor
for two years; and since 1890 has been
coroner. He taught two years in the
University Grammar school of East Provi
dence, and for one year in the Brown
university as instructor in logic. He has
delivered poems at annual conventions of
various associations and reunions, and is
the author of two volumes of poems, en
titled Trifles, and The Friendship of
Learning. He has been president of the
Rhode Island Poultry association; vice-
president of the American Poultry asso
ciation; editor of the Standard of Per
fection; and is the author of several
works on poultry.
BABCOCK, HELEN LOUISE B., edu
cator, elocutionist, was born Aug. 13,
1867, in Galva, 111. She graduated from
the Cumnock School of Oratory of the
Northwestern university, and subsequent
ly became an instructor in that institu
tion. She then taught elocution in the
Mount Vernon seminary of Washington,
D. C.; and has attained prominence as a
dramatic reader. In 1891 she was mar
ried to Dr. F. C. Babcock, a successful
physician of Hastings, Neb.
BABCOCK, JAMES F., journalist, jur
ist, legislator, was born in 1809 in Con
necticut. He began newspaper work at
an early age, and in 1830 became editor of
the New Haven Palladium, which soon be
gan to issue a daily edition and which he
conducted for thirty-one years. He was
nominated for congress, and was elected
by the democrats to the state legislature
in 1873. The legislature of 1874 elected
him judge of the police court of New
Haven. He died June 18, 1874, in New
Haven, Conn.
BABCOCK, JAMES FRANCIS, chemist,
was born Feb. 26, 1844, in Boston. For
five years he was professor of chemistry
in the Boston university; and in 1881
he accepted that chair in the Massachu
setts college of pharmacy. He is well
known as the inventor of a fire extin
guisher.
BABCOCK, JOSEPH WEEKS, manufac
turer, congressman, was born March G,
1850, in Swanton, Vt. He removed with his
parents to Iowa in
1855; attended school
at Mount Vernon
and Cedar Falls;
removed from Iowa
in 1881 and settled
In Necedah, where
he has since resided,
being engaged in the
manufacture of lum
ber. He was elect
ed to the Wisconsin
assembly in 1888 and
re-elected in 1890;
was elected chairman of the national re
publican congressional committee in 1894
and re-elected in 1896. He was elected to
the fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
BABCOCK, LEANDER, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1851 to 1853.
BABCOCK, ORVILLE E., soldier, was
born Dec. 25, 1835, in Franklin, Vt. He
was graduated at West Point, and entered
the engineer corps as second lieutenant
May 6, 1861. In 1865 he was brevetted
brigadier-general of volunteers. At the
surrender of Lee at Appomattox he select
ed the place where the generals met. He
was promoted a colonel in the regular
army in 1866. He was drowned June 26,
1884, in Mosquito inlet, Fla.
BABCOCK, PAUL, soldier, merchant,
was born Aug. 18, 1841, in New York city.
Since 1880 he has been the president of
The Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey, and
of The Soule and Fleming Manufacturing
Co., and of The Liebig Manufacturing Co.
BABCOCK, SAMUEL S., soldier, edu
cator, lawyer, was born Feb. 5, 1842, in
Genesee county, Mich. In 1861 he en
listed as a union soldier and was pro
moted to first sergeant. He was a gradu
ate from the Michigan State Normal
school, and for fifteen years was engaged
in educational work. He held the chair
of mathematics in the State Normal
school; and the chair of natural sciences
in the Ypsilanti seminary. For six years
he was a member of the state board of
Michigan, four years of which he was its
president. For two years he was a mem
ber of the state board of geological sur
vey; has been president of the Michigan
Republican club, and a director from its
organization. He is a successful lawyer of
Detroit, Mich.; and has contributed both
prose and verse to current literature.
BABCOCK, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1831 to 1833.
BABER, EDMUND K., railroad presi
dent, was born Oct. 7, 1841, in New York
city. Since 1889 he has been president
of the Keesville, Ausable Chasm and Lake
Champlain railroad.
BACH, J. MAURICE, musician, com
poser, was born May 7, 1856, in Switzer
land. He is active as teacher of piano,
organ and theory at Henderson, Ky. He
is a good performer and has composed
much music, including four operas, Lar
edo; Marguerita; Alhamer; and The Poli
ticians.
BACHE, ALEXANDER DALLAS, scien
tist, author, was born July 19, 1806, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He graduated at West
Point in 1825. In 1843 he was appointed
superintendent of the United States coast
survey; was one of the founders of the
American association for the Promotion
of Science; in 1855 was made president of
the American Philosophical society; was
an active and efficient member of the
United States sanitary commission
throughout the civil war; and in 1846 was
made regent of the Smithsonian institu
tion. In 1833 he edited Brewster's Optics,
with notes; in 1840 to 1845 published Ob
servations at the observatory of Girard
college; and in 1834, Report of Experi
ments to Navigate the Chesapeake and
Delaware Canal by Steam. He died Feb.
17, 1867, in Newport, R. I.
BACHE, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, sur
geon, was born Feb. 7, 1801, in Monticello,
Va. He was fleet-surgeon of the Mediter
ranean squadron in 1841-44, and of the
Brazil squadron in 1847-50. From 1850 to
1854 he was at the New York naval hos
pital, and then organized in New York
the laboratory that furnishes all medical
supplies to the navy. He was director of
this from 1853 to 1871. He died Nov. 2,
1881, in New York city.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OB^ AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BACHE, FRANKLIN, physician, au
thor, was born Oct. 25, 1792, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia physi
cian, and professor of chemistry in Jef
ferson Medical college, 1841-64. He was
the author of A System of Chemistry for
Students in Medicine; and The Dispensa
tory of the United States. He died March
19, 1864, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BACHE, HARTMAN, engineer, was
born in 1797, in Philadelphia, Pa. He re
ceived the brevet of brigadier-general in
1865, the highest grade in the engineer
corps, for long, faithful, and meritorious
services. Among his engineering works
of conspicuous merit were the construc
tion of the Delaware breakwater and the
success-ful application of iron-screw piles
for the foundation of lighthouses upon
sandy shoals and coral reefs. He died Oct.
8, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BACHE, RICHARD, postmaster-general,
was born Sept. 12, 1837, in England. He
established himself in Philadelphia, and
Benjamin Franklin appointed him secre
tary, compiler and register general; and
in 1776 he became postmaster-general.
He died July 29, 1811, in Seattle, Pa.
BACHE, SARAH, philanthropist, was
born Sept. 11, 1744, in Philadelphia, Pa.
She was the leader among the ladies of
Philadelphia to furnish the destitute
American soldiers with money and cloth
ing during the year 1780. She died Oct.
5, 1808, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BACHE, THEOPHYLACT, merchant,
colonist, was born Jan. 17, 1734, in Eng
land. In 1774 he was elected the fifth
president of the New York Chamber of
Commerce. He died Oct. 30, 1807, in New
York city.
BACHELLER, IRVING, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1859 in New York. He
is a journalist of New York city; and the
author of The Master of Silence, a ro
mance; and The Still House of O'Darrow,
a novel.
BACHMAN, JOHN, naturalist, author,
was born Feb. 4, 1790, in Dutchess county,
N. Y. He was a naturalist of Charleston,
where he was pastor of a Lutheran
church, 1815-74. He assisted Audubon,
preparing the greater part of the text of
The Quadrupeds of North America, and
wrote several religious and scientific
works. He was the author of Two Let
ters on Heredity; and Defence of Luther
and the Reformation. He died Feb. 25,
1874, in Charleston, S. C.
BACHMAN, REUBEN K., educator,
merchant, congressman, was born Aug. 6,
1834, in Williams, Pa. He spent his early
boyhood upon his father's farm; received
a common school education; and followed
the vocation of teaching in his early man
hood. Subsequently, he entered into the
mercantile and milling business at Dur
ham, Pa.; and was elected to the forty-
sixth congress as a democrat.
BACHMAN, SOLOMON, manufacturer,
was born in 1827 in Germany. He engaged
in the manufacture of balmoral skirts,
and bought a mill at Paterson, N. J., with
machinery to make yarns, and power
looms to weave skirts and shawls. In 1877
he bought the Merrimaok woolen mill in
Lowell, Mass., which he still continues to
run.
BACHMANN, ALEXANDER, musician,
composer, was born Jan. 2, 1836, in Ger
many. He is a successful and noted in
structor of the piano, organ and violin;
a director of choruses; and for many
years principal of the Northwestern Musi
cal institute of Philadelphia, Pa. He is
said to have taught the largest number
of individual pupils of any music teacher
in America, many of whom now occupy
high positions in the musical world. He
has been organist of some of the lead
ing protestant episcopal churches of Phil
adelphia; and for many years was vocal
instructor of the Protestant Episcopal Di
vinity school. He is the author of con
siderable church music, and his transla
tions have been a valuable acquisition to
musical literature.
BACKUS, AZEL, educator, clergyman,
college president, was born Oct. 13, 1765,
in Norwich, Conn. He was licensed to
preach in 1789, and in 1791 became the
successor of Dr. Bellamy at Bethlehem,
Conn., where he also carried on a success
ful school. Here he remained until, at
the foundation of Hamilton college, Clin
ton, N. Y., in 1812, he was chosen its first
president. He died Dec. 9, 1817.
BACKUS, CHARLES, theologian, was
born Nov. 9, 1749, in Franklin, Conn. In
1774, he became pastor of the congrega
tional church in Somers, where he re
mained until his death. Here he estab
lished a sort of divinity school, receiving
theological students into his family. He
died Dec. 30, 1803, in Somers, Conn.
BACKUS, CLARENCE WALWORTH,
soldier, clergyman, was born April 20,
1846, in Schenectady, N. Y. He spent one
year in the Pennsylvania Military acad
emy, and from there entered the army as
first lieutenant of the ninety-seventh regi
ment New York volunteers. He subse
quently graduated from Union college,
and from the Princeton Theological sem
inary; and has since attained promi
nence as one of the foremost clergymen of
the presbyterian church in Kansas.
BACKUS, FRANKLIN T., lawyer, was
born May 6, 1813, in Lee, Mass. He was
elected prosecuting attorney of the county
in 1841, and was sent to the Ohio house
of representatives in 1846, and to the
state senate in 1848. He was a delegate
to the peace congress at Washington in
1861. He supported McClellan for presi
dent in 1864, and was a delegate to the
national convention that met at Phila
delphia in 1866 to form a new party. He
died May 14, 1870, in Cleveland, Ohio.
BACKUS, HENRY CLINTON, lawyer,
was born May 31, 1848, in Utica, N. Y.
In 1891 he was chairman of the delegation
of the thirteenth assembly district to the
republican county committee of New York
city and county; and held the leader
ship of the district for one year. In
1893 he consented to stand for the New
York constitutional convention.
BACKUS, HENRY T., lawyer, jurist,
was born in Norwich, Conn. He received
a liberal education; adopted the profes
sion of the law; and removed to Detroit,
Mich., where he was for many years de
voted to his profession. He was subse
quently appointed an associate justice of
the United States court for the territory of
Arizona.
BACKUS, ISAAC, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 9, 1724, in Norwich, Conn.
He was a baptist clergyman of Rhode
Island; and the author of A History of
New England, with Particular Reference
to the Baptists. He died Nov. 20, 1806.
BACKUS, TRUMAN JAY, educator, col
lege president, was born Feb. 11, 1842, in
Locke, N. Y. In 1867 he was elected to
fill the chair of rhetoric and English in
Vassar college, which office he held for
sixteen years. He accepted a call to the
presidency of Packer collegiate institute
of Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1883.
BACKUS, WILLIAM VERNON, lawyer,
was born Aug. 24, 1860, in Cleveland, Ohio.
He received his education in the public
schools of his native city; in business col
leges, and received private instruction in
foreign languages. He has attained suc
cess as an able lawyer of Cleveland, in
which city he was a member of the board
of education during 1892-97, and its presi
dent in 1895-96.
BACON, AUGUSTUS OCTAVIUS, was
born Oct. 20, 1839, in Bryan county, Ga.
He was frequently a member of state
democratic conventions; was president
of the state democratic convention in
1880, and was delegate from the state at
large to the national democratic conven
tion in Chicago in 1884; in 1868 he was
elected presidential elector on the demo
cratic ticket; in 1871 was elected to the
Georgia house of representatives, of which,
body he has served as a member for
fourteen years, and during eight years
was speaker. He was several times a can
didate for the democratic nomination for
governor of Georgia; and was elected to
the United States senate as a democrat
in 1894. His term of service will expire
March 3, 1901.
BACON, DAVID FRANCIS, physician,
author, was born Nov. 30, 1813, in Pros
pect, Conn. Soon after the completion
of his studies he was sent as principal col
onial physician to Liberia by the Amer
ican colonization society. He was a fre
quent contributor to periodical literature,
and published Lives of the Apostles; and
also Wanderings on the Seas and Shores
of Africa. He died Jan. 23, 1866, in New
York.
BACON, DAVID W., Roman Catholic
bishop, was born in 1814, in Brooklyn, N.
Y. In 1855 he was consecrated bishop of
the newly created diocese of Portland,
Maine, which embraced the states of
Maine and New Hampshire. He died Nov.
5, 1874, in New York.
BACON, DELIA SALTER, author, was
born Feb. 2, 1811, in Talmadge, Ohio. She
was the earliest exponent of the Baconian
theory of the authorship of Shakespeare;
and was the author of Philosophy of the
Plays of Shakespeare Unfolded; Tales of
the Puritans; and The Bride of Fort Ed
ward, a Drama. She died Sept. 2, 1859, in
Hartford, Conn.
BACON, EDMUND, lawyer, was born in
January, 1776, in Virginia. He is the
Ned Brace of Judge Longstreet's Georgia
Scenes, and as a wit and humorist was
conspicuous among his contemporaries.
He died Feb. 2, 1826, in Edgefield, S. C.
BACON, EDWARD PAYSON, merchant,
financier, was born May 16, 1834, in Read
ing, N. Y. In 1865 he established the firm
of E. P. Bacon and Company, a grain
commission business; in 1889-91 was vice-
president of the Milwaukee Chamber of
Commerce; and in 1891 was elected its
president.
BACON, EDWARD R., railroad presi
dent, was born Nov. 22, 1846, in New
York city. Since 1890 he has been presi
dent of the Baltimore and Ohio South
western railway.
BACON, EDWIN MUNROE, journalist,
author, was born Oct. 20, 1844, in Provi
dence, R. I. He is a journalist of Boston;
and the author of Dictionary of Boston;
and Boston of To-Day.
BACON, EZEKIEL, jurist, congress
man, author, was born Sept. 1, 1776, in
Stockbridge, Mass. He graduated at Yale
college in 1794; was a member of the
state legislature in 1805 and 1806; was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1807 to 1813; chief justice
of common pleas in 1813; and first comp
troller of the United States treasury from
1813 to 1815. He removed to Utica, N. Y.,
and was a delegate to the state constitu
tional convention in 1821. In 1843 he pub
lished Recollections of Fifty Years Since.
He died Oct. 18, 1870, in Utica, N. Y.
64
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BACON, FLORENCE R., journalist
poet, was born March 25, 1867, in Port
land, Maine. Her life has been spent prin
cipally in Wisconsin, where her parents
removed when she was less than a year
old. She attended the Milwaukee col
lege, and since an early age has been en
gaged in literature. She is the society
editor of the Daily Times of Minneapolis,
Minn.; and the author of a volume of
poems entitled Midsummer Mist; and an
other entitled Indian Legends.
BACON, FRANCIS, manufacturer, was
born Jan. 22, 1831, in New York city. He
Is a successful piano manufacturer of
New York; and in 1880 organized the
firm of Francis Bacon and Company.
BACON, FREDERICK HAMPTON, law
yer, author, was born May 5, 1849, In
Niles, Mich. He engaged in the practice
of his profession in St. Louis, Mo., and
gained a high position at the bar in that
state. He is the author of a law treatise
entitled Benefit Societies and Life Insur
ance.
BACON, GEORGE ALLEN, public of
ficial, author, was born April 4, 1830, In
Wellfleet, Mass. In 1881 he was appointed
corresponding clerk of the department of
agriculture, which position he still holds.
He was the original author of the Game
of Portrait Authors, and in 1884 he pub
lished A Life Sketch of Edward S.
Wheeler.
BACON, HENRY, artist, author, was
born in 1840, in Haverhill, Mass. He is
an artist who has lived principally in
Paris; and is the author of A Parisian
Year; and Parisian Art and Artists.
BACON, HENRY, lawyer, congressman,
was born March 14, 1846, in Brooklyn,
N. Y. He received an academic educa
tion at the Mount Pleasant academy at
Sing Sing and at the Episcopal academy
of Cheshire, Conn.; and was at Union col
lege, from which he graduated in 1865.
He studied law and commenced to practice
in 1866; and was elected to the forty-
ninth and fiftieth congresses as a demo
crat, and was elected to the fifty-second
congress as a democrat.
BACON. JOEL SMITH, college presi
dent, was born Sept. 3, 1802, in New York.
In 1841 he became president of the Col
umbian college; and from 1855 to 1866
was engaged in female education in the
south. He died Nov. 9, 1869, in Richmond,
Va.
BACON, JOHN, clergyman, statesman,
was born in 1737, in Canterbury, Conn.
He graduated at the college of New Jer
sey in 1765; studied theology; and after
preaching for a time in Maryland, re
moved to Massachusetts, and settled in
Boston. He subsequently held the posi
tions of magistrate, representative in the
state legislature, presiding judge of the
court of common pleas, a member and
president of the state senate, and that of
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1801 to 1803. He died Oct.
25, 1820, in Berkshire county, Mass.
BACON, JOHN EDMUND, lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 3, 1832, in
Edgefield, S. C. He studied law; was ad
mitted to the bar in 1853 and commenced
the practice of law. In 1857 he was ap
pointed secretary of legation at St. Peters
burg, Russia; in 1860 entered the confed
erate service as a private; and served
throughout the civil war, rising to the
rank of major. In 18,68 he was elected
district judge; and la 1870 was an un
successful candidate for congress. In
1872 he removed to Columbia, S. C.; In
1878 was elected a representative In the
state legislature, and devoted himself to
securing the re-establishment of the
South Carolina college, which end he ac
complished after a long and laborious
struggle. In 1885 he was appointed
United States charge d'affaires to Para
guay and Uruguay.
BACON, JOHN WATSON, civil en
gineer, banker, was born June 9, 1827, in
Hartford, Conn. For several years he has
been state commissioner of the official
topographical survey of Connecticut. He
has been director of the Savings bank ol
Danbury for over thirty years, and on the
death of its first president was elected to
fill the vacancy.
BACON, LELAND CAREY, diplomat,
was born in 1862, in Centremoreland, Pa.
He is treasurer of the Pan-American Sew
ing Machine company of New York city;
has served as United States consul at San
Domingo during 1882-83; and has filled
various other public positions of trust.
BACON, LEONARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 19, 1802, in Detroit,
Mich. He was the pastor of a congrega
tional church in New Haven, Conn., 1825-
81, and a prominent figure in the denom
ination to which he belonged. He was the
author of Historical Discourses; Slavery
Discussed in Occasional Essays; Genesis
of the New England Churches; and Chris
tian Self-Culture. He died Dec. 24, 1881,
in New Haven, Conn.
BACON, LEONARD WOOLSEY, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 1, 1830, in New
Haven, Conn. He is a congregational
clergyman; and the author of A Life
Worth Living; Church Papers; Ser
mons; and The Simplicity That Is in
Christ.
BACON, NATHANIEL, colonial leader,
was born in 1630, in England. About 1650
he settled upon the James river, and soon
after his arrival was appointed a member
of the governor's council. He died Oct.
1, 1676.
BACON, NATHANIEL, lawyer, jurist,
was born July 14, 1802, in Ballston, N. Y.
He moved to Niles, Mich., in 1833, and in
1855, was appointed circuit judge and one
of the judges of the supreme court. In
1857 he was elected circuit judge for six
years; was elected again in 1866 to fill
a vacancy, and was re-elected in 1869 for
six years. He died Sept. 9, 1869, in Niles,
Mich.
B'ACON, REBECCA TAYLOR. She be
came distinguished by her philanthropic
labors in the founding of the Hampton,
Va., institute and the New Haven school
of nursing.
BACON, SHERMAN JOSEPH, mer
chant, was born Feb. 27, 1812, in Burling
ton, Conn. He established a drug busi
ness in St. Louis, Mo.; and in 1848 a com
mercial business in copper and metal,
which he carried on successfully for near
ly a quarter of a century.
BACON, THOMAS SCOTT, author, was
born in 1825, in New York. He is an
episcopal controversialist of Maryland;
and the author of Both Sides of the Con
troversy between the Roman and Re
formed Churches; The Reign of God and
the Reign of Law; The Beginnings of Re
ligion; Primitive Man in Christian
Thought; It Is Written; and The Prim
itive and Catholic Doctrine as to Holy
Scripture.
BACON, WILLIAM JOHNSON, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Feb. 18,
1803, in Williamstown, Mass. He gradu
ated at Hamilton college in 1822; and
was appointed counsel to the corporation
of the city of Utica in 1837. He was a
member of the New York house of as
sembly in 1850; in 1853 was elected a
justice of the supreme court for eight
years, and in 1861 was re-elected, without
opposition, for another term of eight
years. He was elected to the forty-fifth
congress as a republican.
BACON, WILLIAM THOMPSON,
clergyman, poet, was born Aug. 24, 1814,
in Woodbury, Conn. For some time he
was one of the editors of the New Eng-
lander, and during several years editor
and proprietor of the Journal and Courier,
of New Haven. He then resumed his
ministerial labors, and was in charge of
parishes in Kent and in Derby, Conn. He
was the author of two volumes of poems.
He died May 18, 1881, in Derby, Conn.
BACONE, ALMON C., college president,
was born April 25, 1830. He has held
prominent positions in the schools of
New Jersey, New York, Ohio, and Michi
gan; and in 1878 he was called to take
charge of the Cherokee Male seminary in
Tahlequah, I. T.
BADEAU, ADAM, general, author, was
born Dec. 29, 1831, in New York city.
He was a general in the United States
army; and the author of The Vagabond;
Military History of General Grant; Con
spiracy: o Cuban Romance; Aristocracy
in England; and Grant in Peace: a Per
sonal Memoir. He was secretary to Gen
eral Grant, and assisted him in writing
his life. He died in 1895.
BADGER, GEORGE E., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born April 13, 1795, in
Newbern, N. C. He graduated at Yale col
lege in 1813; studied and practiced law;
and was elected to the legislature in 1816.
In 1820 he was elected a judge of the
supreme court, which position he resigned
in 1825; was appointed secretary of the
navy in 1841; and was elected a senator
in congress in 1846, and re-elected in 1849
for a term of six years. He died May 11,
1866, in Raleigh, N. C.
BADGER, JOSEPH, soldier, jurist, was
born Jan. 11, 1722, in Haverhill, Mass.
He was appointed brigadier-general in
1780, was judge of probate from 1784 to
1797, and in 1788 was a member of the con
vention that adopted the federal consti
tution. In 1784 and 1790-91 he was a mem
ber of the state council. He was one of
the founders of Gilmanton academy. He
died April 4, 1803.
BADGER, JOSEPH, missionary, was
born Feb. 28, 1757, in Wilbraham, Mass.
In 1800 the missionary society sent him to
the unsettled part of the country north
west of the Ohio river. Here he endured
great hardships for thirty years, going
from settlement to settlement, over a
country where there were neither roads
•nor bridges, and often passing the night
in the branches of a tree. This mode of
life gave him great familiarity with the
country, which was of use to the Amer
ican army during the war of 1812, when
he served as chaplain. He died May 5,
1846, in Perrysburg, Ohio.
BADGER, JOSEPH, clergyman, was
born Aug. 16, 1792, in Gilmanton. He
edited Palladium; and founded various
churches. He died May 12, 1852, in Gil
manton.
BADGER, LUTHER, lawyer, congress
man, was born April 10, 1785, in Part-
ridgefield, Mass.' In 1824 he was elected
a representative to the nineteenth con
gress; ha.d been engaged in military ser
vices in his state, and in 1819 was ap
pointed judge advocate for the twenty-
seventh brigade of infantry of New York
state, which office he held for eight years.
In 1832 resumed the practice of law, and in
1840 was appointed examiner in chancery
and commissioner of United States loans,
which office he held for three years. From
1846 to 1849 was United States district at
torney for New York.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
65
BADGER, MILTON, clergyman, was
torn May 6, 1800, in Coventry, Conn. He
was ordained in 1828 as pastor of the
South Congregational church in Andover,
Mass., and remained there until 1835,
when he became associate secretary of
the American Home Missionary society.
He was soon placed in the position of
senior secretary, and for thirty-four years
performed the duties of his office with
great faithfulness and skill. He died
March 1, 1873, in Madison, Conn.
BADGER, OSCAR C., naval officer, was
born Aug. 12, 1823, in Windham, Conn.
He was made lieutenant-commander In
1862, and commanded the ironclads
Patapsco and Montauk in the engage
ments with the forts and batteries in
Charleston harbor in 1863. In 1872 he
was made captain, and on Nov. 15, 1881,
commodore. In 1885 he was placed on the
retired list.
BADGES, WILLIAM, governor, was
born Jan. 13, 1779, in Gilmanton, N. H.
He was a member of the legislature from
1810 to 1812; of the senate from 1814-16;
and president of that body in 1816. He
was an associate judge of the court of
•common pleas from 1816 to 1821; high
sheriff of Stafford county, N. H., from
1822-32; and governor of the state from
1834-36. He died Sept. 21, 1852, in Gil
manton, N. H.
BADLAM, EZRA, soldier, was born
May 25, 1746, in Milton, Mass. He was a
brother of Gen. Stephen Badlam, was a
captain in Grilley's artillery regiment at
the siege of Boston in 1775, was in Bald
win's regiment in. 1776, was present at
Trenton and Princeton, and from 1777 to
1780 was lieutenan'-colonel of Bailey's
regiment. He died April 5, 1788, in Dor
chester, Mass.
BAENSCH, EMIL, lawyer, jurist, lieu
tenant-governor, was born June 12, 1857,
in Manitowoc, Wis. He was educated in
the private and public schools of his
native city; and in 1888 graduated from
the state university. He then edited a
local republican newspaper for two years;
was admitted to the bar in 1882, and the
same year elected justice of the peace.
In 1885 he became county clerk, which
position he resigned to accept the posi
tion of county judge. He held this office
for six years, and during his term but one
appeal was taken from his decision. He
was a candidate for congress in 1892, and
has filled various positions of honor ill
his county and state. In 1894 he was
elected lieutenant-governor of Wisconsin,
and received the re-election in 1896. He
is a life member of the State Historical so
ciety, and an honorary member of the
German Press association of Wisconsin.
BAER, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in Frederick, Md. He was engaged
in various branches of business; and
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1797 to 1801, and again
from 1815 to 1817. He died in Frederick
at an advanced age.
BAER, JOHN WILLIS, lecturer, was
born May 2, 1861, near Rochester, Minn.
He is actively engaged in Christian En
deavor work, and is the general secretary
of the United Society of Christian En
deavor, with headquarters at. Boston,
Mass.
~BAE~R, LIBBIE c. RILEY, poet, was
born Nov. 18, 1849, near Bethel, Ohio.
Her poems have appeared in the leading
publications, and in several standard
works. She has taken an important part
in the benevolent work of the Woman's
Relief corps of Appleton, Wis. In 1867
she was married to Capt. John M. Baer,
an orfflcer with a gallant military record.
5
BAER, 0. P., physician, was born Aug.
25, 1816, in Frederick, Md. In 1867, with
ten other homoeopathic physicians, he or
ganized The Indiana Institute of Homoe
opathy, and was elected its president.
BAER, WILLIAM JACOB, artist, was
born Jan. 29, 1860, in Cincinnati, Ohio. In
1892 he was chosen principal of freehand
drawing at the newly organized New York
school of applied design for women of
New York city; and became instructor
of drawing from antique at the Cooper
Wnion Art schools.
BAGBY, ALBERT MORRIS, author,
was born in 18—. He is a writer of New
York city; and the author of A Weimar
Idyl, a popular musical novel.
BAGBY, ARTHUR P., lawyer, congress
man, governor, was born in 1794, in Vir
ginia. He adopted the profession of law,
and settled in Alabama in 1818; was elect
ed a member of the legislature in 1820
and 1822, and was speaker of the house.
He was governor of Alabama from 1837
to 1843; and was a senator in congress
from that state from 1842 to 1849. He died
of yellow fever Sept. 21, 1858, in Mobile,
Ala.
BAGBY, GEORGE WILLIAM, journal
ist, lecturer, author, was born Aug. 13.
1828, in Buckingham county, Va. He was
a Virginia journalist and lecturer and of
some note as a humorist. He was the au
thor of John M. Daniel's Latin Key; What
I Did with My Fifty Millions; and Mee-
kins's Twinses. He died Nov. 29, 1883, in
Richmond, Va.
BAGBY, JOHN C., lawyer, congressman,
was born Jan. 24, 1819, in Glasgow, Ky.
He was educated at Bacon college; studied
law, and went to the bar in 1846. In
that year he removed to Rushville, 111.,
where he practiced his profession. In
1874, without seeking the nomination, he
was elected a representative from Illinois
to the forty-fourth congress.
BAGG, CLARA B., pianist, was born
Sept. 26, 1861, in New York city. The
last of her instructors was Rafael Joseffy,
from whom she acquired technical skill,
force, and delicacy. She has appeared
with success in concerts in Brooklyn and
New York city.
BAGG, LYMAN HOTCHKISS, author,
was born in 1846 in Massachusetts. He is
the author of Four Years at Yale; and
Ten Thousand Miles on a Bicycle.
BAGLEY, BLANCHE PENTECOST,
Unitarian minister, was born Jan. 19, 1858,
in England. In 1882 she moved to Chi
cago, 111.; and in 1889 graduated from the
Meadville Theological school. In 1887
she first preached in Middlesex, Vt. ; and
in 1889 Mr. and Mrs. Bagley were ordained
and installed together as joint pastors of
All Souls church of Sioux Falls, S. D.
Since 1890 she has lived in Haverhill,
Mass., where she occasionally fills her
husband's pulpit, and takes an active part
in various organizations.
BAGLEY, GEORGE A., manufacturer,
congressman, was born July 22, 1826, in
Watertown, N. Y. He received an aca
demic education; studied law, and was
admitted to the bar in 1847; and practiced
for six years, when he engaged in the
manufacture of iron and machinery. He
was elected to the forty-fourth and forty-
fifth congresses.
BAGLEY, JOHN H., merchant, con
gressman, was born Nov. 26, 1832, in Hud
son, N. Y. He received a common-school
education; and in 1851 went to California
and engaged in mining and other pur
suits. He returned to New York and en
gaged in steamboating on the Hudson
river, and settled at Catskill, N. Y., as a
merchant and leather manufacturer. He
served four terms as supervisor of the
town; was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-fourth congress;
and also elected to the forty-eighth con
gress.
BAGLEY, JOHN JUDSON, manufactur
er, governor, was born July 24, 1832, in
Medina, N. Y. In 1872 he was elected
governor of the state of Michigan; and
re-elected in 1874. He died July 27, 1881
in San Francisco, Cal.
BAILEY, ALEXANDER H.,~jurist, con
gressman, was born Aug. 14, 1817, in
Minisink, N. Y. He was a justice of the
peace at Catskill for four years; was a
member of the state assembly in 1849;
and judge of Greene county for four years
from 1851. He was a member of the state
senate from 1861 to 1864; was elected a
representative from New York to the
fortieth congress, in the place of Roscoe
Conkling; and was re-elected to the forty-
first congress. He died April 20, 1874, in
Rome, N. Y.
BAILEY, ANNA WARNER, known as
Mother Bailey, patriot, was born Oct. 11,
1758, in Groton, Conn. She was the wife
of Capt. Elijah Bailey, of Groton. She
witnessed the massacre at Fort Griswold
in 1781. In 1813, when the British threat
ened to attack New London, Mother Bai
ley rendered great aid to its defenders by
tearing up flannel garments for cartridges.
She died in 1850 in Groton, Conn.
BAILEY, CHARLES MARTIN, manu
facturer, banker, was born Oct. 24, 1820,
in Winthrop, Maine. He began the man
ufacture of oil-cloth carpets in Winthrop,
Maine. Depots are now maintained in
New York city and Philadelphia, unuer
the style of The C. M. Bailey's Sons Co.
He is president of the Bank of Winthrop
and the Maine Steamship company.
BAILEY, DAVID J., congressman, was
born in Georgia. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1851 to
1855.
BAILEY, EBENEZER, educator, was
born June 25, 1795, in West Newbury,
Mass. In 1838 he established a boys'
school at Roxbury, which in 1839 was
moved to Lynn. He was at various times
a member of the city council of Boston,
director of the Home of Reform, presi
dent of the Boston Lyceum, and director
of the Boston Mechanics' institute. He
died Aug. 25, 1839, in Lynn, Mass.
BAILEY, ELLENE ALICE, inventor,
was born in Pond Fort, Mo. One of her
principal inventions is the Dart needle,
for sewing on shoe and other buttons.
Her numerous inventions have proved not
only useful and practical, but of com
mercial importance.
BAILEY, EZRA B., financier, state sen
ator, was born March 29, 1841, in Frank
lin, Conn. He resumed control of the
E. H. Horton and Son Co. in 1880; since
that time has been its general manager;
and is now president and treasurer. In
1890 he was appointed United States col
lector of customs to the port of Hartford.
He served in the state senate in 1887.
BAILEY, GAMALIEL, journalist, was
born Dec. 3, 1807, in Mount Holly, N. H.
The first number of the National Era,
published under the auspices of the Amer
ican and Foreign Anti-Slavery society,
appeared in 1847, and of which publication
he was editor. In 1848 an angry mob laid
siege to the office for three days, and
finally separated under the influence of
an eloquent harangue by the editor. The
Era, in which Uncle Tom's Cabin orig
inally appeared, ably presented the opin
ions of the anti-slavery party. He died
at sea June 5, 1859.
66
HKHKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BAILEY, GEORGE HOWARD, lawyer,
was born Feb. 1, 1867, in Washington
county, Ohio. In 1894 he graduated from
the Michigan university, and has since
attained prominence as an able lawyer of
Red Lodge, Mont.
BAILEY, GEORGE MILROY, journal
ist, capitalist, was born Oct. 8, 1862, in
Ogdensburg, N. Y. He is president of the
Bailey Investment company; of the Buf
falo-Marion Land company; and of the
Niagara Falls Tunnel company. He is
vice-president of the Hudor Lithia com
pany; of the J. J. George Furniture com
pany; and of the Buffalo Depew Land
company; and secretary of the Oatman
Produce company, and of the Depew Ter
minal Land company. He publishes a
successful monthly paper entitled The
Buffalo Presbyterian News.
BAILEY, GILBERT STEPHEN, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 17, 1822, in
Dalton, Pa. After graduating from the
Oberlin college, Ohio, he started a select
school at Waverly, which soon grew into
Madison academy, with one hundred
students. He subsequently resigned this
charge and was ordained to the ministry;
and later filled a pastorate in Pomona,
Cal. Besides numerous tracts and uncol-
lected poems he has published a History
of the Illinois River Baptist Association;
Caverns of Kentucky; Manual of Bap
tism; The Trials and Victories of Re
ligious Liberty in America; Three Dis
courses on the History, Wonders, and Ex
cellence of the Bible; The Word and
Works of God; Prize Discourse on
Slander; and Ingersollism Exposed.
BAILEY, GOLDSMITH F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 17, 1823, In
Westmoreland, N. H. He was admitted
to the bar in 1848; in 1856 was elected to
the legislature of Massachusetts; and in
1858-60 to the senate of the state. He
was elected a representative from Massa
chusetts to the thirty-seventh congress.
He died May 8, 1862, in Fitchburg, Mass.
BAILEY, GUILFORD DUDLEY, sol
dier, was born June 4, 1834, in Martins-
burg, N. Y. When the civil war began he
was stationed at Fort Brown, Texas, but,
with his immediate superior, Capt. Stone-
man, refused to surrender when Gen.
Twiggs attempted to give up his entire
command to the confederates, and effected
his escape into Mexico. A monument has
been raised to his memory in the ceme
tery at Poughkeepsie. He was killed in
action May 31, 1862.
BAILEY, HANNA JOHNSTON, presi
dent of the Maine Woman's Suffrage as
sociation, was born July 5, 1839, in Corn
wall - on - the - Hud
son, N. Y. She re
ceived her education
at a denominational
boarding school, and
subsequently f o 1 -
lowed the profession
of teaching for ten
years. She has been
the world's and na
tional superintend
ent of the depart
ment of peace and
arbitration in the
Woman's Christian Temperance union.
For ten years she was treasurer of a
foreign missionary society, and is now
treasurer of the National Council of
Women. Mrs. Bailey was one of the
Judges in the department of liberal arts
at the World's Columbian Exposition;
and she is now the honored president of
the Maine Woman's Suffrage association.
BAILEY, HENRY TURNER, educator,
author, was born Dec. 9, 1865, in North
Scituate, Mass., where the Bailey family
have lived since 1660. He received the
rudiments of his education in the public
schools of his native city, and graduated
from the Massachusetts State Normal
Art school of Boston. He has been a pro
fessor in the Boston Evening Drawing
schools; supervisor of drawing in the
public schools of Lowell, Mass.; was an
agent of the state board of education,
Mass.; and state supervisor of drawing.
He is widely known through Reports on
Drawing to the state board of education,
and is a popular lecturer on art educa
tional topics. He is the author of First
Year in Drawing; and miscellaneous pa
pers on Art and Education.
BAILEY, HORACE W., commissioner
of fisheries and game for Vermont, was
born Jan. 16, 1852, in Newbury, Vt. He
graduated from Newbury seminary, and
during 1886-96 was clerk of his native
city and superintendent of schools. Dur
ing 1894-96 he was a member of the Ver
mont state senate, and served with dis
tinction in that body. In 1894 he was ap
pointed state commissioner of fisheries
and game for Vermont.
BAILEY, JACOB, soldier, was born
July 2, 1728, in Newbury, Mass. He set
tled in Hampstead in 1745, and served as
a captain during the French war in 1756.
He was with Col. Munroe in the siege of
Fort William Henry, and was among
those who escaped the subsequent mas
sacre in 1757. He was also present at
the capture of Ticonderoga and Crown
Point in 1759. In 1764 he removed to Ver
mont, and there obtained a township.
Later he was appointed brigadier-gen
eral of militia by the state of New York.
During the revolutionary war he was
commissary-general of the northern de
partment. He died March 1, 1816, in
Newbury, Vt.
BAILEY, JACOB WHITMAN, natural
ist, was born April 29, 1811, in Ward,
Miss. He is the inventor of Bailey's In
dicator and of many improvements in the
microscope. His investigations with this
Instrument, illustrating botany and zool
ogy, gave him great distinction. His Mi
croscopic Sketches, together with his col
lection of about 4,500 specimens of algae,
he bequeathed to the Boston Society of
Natural History. He died Feb. 26, 1857,
in West Point, N. Y.
BAILEY, JAMES ALDERSON, JR.,
lawyer, legislator, state senator, was born
March 25, 1867, in Arlington, Mass. In
1888 he graduated from Harvard college
with the degree of A. B.; and subse
quently from the Harvard Law school,
from which institution he received the
degrees of LL. B. and A. M. He is a
successful lawyer, and has a large practice
in his native city. He has served with
distinction as a representative in the
Massachusetts state legislature; and also
as a state senator.
BAILEY, JAMES 'ANTHONY, show
man, was born in 1847 in Detroit, Mich.
The Great London circus was bought and
added to that of Cooper and Bailey, lead
ing to the firm of Barnum and Bailey.
BAILEY, JAMES E., lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 15, 1822, in Mont
gomery, Tenn. He was educated at the
Clarksville academy and the university
of Tennessee; studied law; and was ad
mitted to the bar at Clarksville, Tenn.,
in 1840. He was a representative in the
state legislature in 1853; and was elected
a senator of the United States from Ten
nessee to fill the vacancy caused by the
death of Andrew Johnson, serving during
1877-81. He died Dec. 29, 1885, in Clarks
ville, Tenn.
BAILEY, JAMES MONTGOMERY,
journalist, author, was born Sept. 25,
1841, in Albany, N. Y. Widely known at
one time as The Danbury News Man. He
was a journalist of Danbury, Conn., who
was among the earliest to exploit a kind
of native humor, chiefly concerned with
local allusion and application. He has
had many imitators, whose methods have
been much less legitimate than his. He
was the author of Life in Danbury; Eng
land from a Back Window; The Danbury
Boom; Mr. Phillis' Goneness; and They
All Do It. He died March 4, 1894.
BAILEY, JAMES STANTON, manufac
turer, was born Dec. 9, 1817, in Lebanon,
Conn. He established the house of Tuttle
and Bailey, manufacturers of registers
and ventilators; and on the death of
Charles Tuttle became senior partner.
BAILEY, JEREMIAH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born at Little Comp-
ton, R. I. He graduated at Brown uni
versity, and studied law; was a member
of the Maine legislature from 1811-14 and
a Judge of probate from 1814-35. He was
a representative in congress from Lincoln
county, Maine, from 1835-37 and was col
lector of customs at Wiscasset from
1849-53. He died in July, 1853.
BAILEY, JOHN, state senator, con
gressman, was born in Norfolk county,
Mass. He was a member of the Massa
chusetts legislature from 1815-18, and a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1823-31. He was a state
senator in 1831-34. He died June 16, 1835,
in Dorchester, Mass.
BAILEY, JOHN M., lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 24, 1838, in Bethle
hem, N. Y. He graduated at Union college
in 1861; studied law; in 1862 entered the
union army as first lieutenant, and in 1864
commenced the practice of law. He was
assistant district attorney of Albany
county in 1865-67; was collector of inter
nal revenue four years; in 1874 was elect
ed distric* attorney and served three
years, and was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-fifth and
forty-sixth congresses.
BAILEY, JOSEPH, soldier, was born
April 28, 1827, in Salem, Ohio. When the
civil war broke out he entered the federal
army as captain of the fourth Wisconsin
infantry. He accompanied the army in
the Red river campaign, and it was dur
ing this expedition that Bailey achieved
the remarkable engineering feat which
made him one of the heroes of the war.
He received the brevet of brigadier-gen
eral on June 7 and was promoted colonel
on June 30, 1864. He died March 21, 1867.
BAILEY, JOSEPH MEAD, jurist, was
born June 22, 1833, in Middlebury, Vt. He
graduated from the university of Roches
ter, N. Y., in 1854, and in 1856 began the
practice of law at Freeport, 111. He was
a member of the Illinois legislature in
1866-70 and presidential elector of the
same state in 1876. He was chosen a judge
in the thirteenth judicial circuit in 1877;
judge of the first division appellate court
in 1878; and chief justice of that court in
1879. He became a trustee of the univer
sity of Chicago in 1878.
BAILEY, JOSEPH W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 6, 1863. in Copiah
county, Miss. He was admitted to the
bar In 1883 and served as a district elector
on the Cleveland and Hendricks ticket In
1884. He removed to Texas in 1885 and
located in Gainesville. He served as
elector for the state at large on the demo
cratic ticket in 1888; was elected to the
fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth, and
was re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
HKKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
67
BAILEY, LEPHA ELIZA, lecturer, pro
hibitionist, was born Jan. 21, 1844, in Bat
tle Creek, Mich. She received her edu
cation in the public schools of her native
city and at the Battle Creek college. For
many years she has been secretary of the
Woman's Christian Temperance union;
Reform club; Sovereigns of Industry; and
•f the Independent Order of Good Tem
plars. She has delivered hundreds of lec
tures on temperance and reform subjects
and is one of the most talented leaders in
the field of prohibition. She has contrib
uted extensively to the periodical press;
has edited various departments in news
papers, and Is the author of several works
in prose and verse.
BAILEY, LIBERTY HYDE, educator,
lecturer, author, was born March 15, 1858,
in South Haven, Mich. He is a promi
nent horticulturist and for many years
was professor of horticulture and land
scape gardening in the Michigan Agricul
tural college. He is the author of Amer
ican Grape Training; Cross-Breeding and
Hybridization; Field Notes on Apple Cul
ture; Annals of Horticulture; The Hor
ticulturist Rule-Book; The Nursery-Book;
A Complete Guide to the Multiplication
and Pollination of Plants; and Talks
Afield About Plants; Plant Breeding.
BAILEY, LORING WOART, educator,
author, was born Sept. 28, 1839, in West
Point, N. Y. He is a professor of natural
history in the university of New Bruns
wick, and the author of Mines and Min
erals of New Brunswick; Geology of
Southern New Brunswick; and Element
ary Natural History.
BAILEY, MARTIN B., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Jan. 22, 1858, in Vermilliori
county, 111. He was chief of the law de
partment in the pension bureau during
Harrison's administration, and was a
member of the Illinois state legislature in
1895.
BAILEY, NORMAN, soldier, merchant,
state senator, was born Jan. 1, 1822, In
New York. He was captain in the service
during the war, and in 1861-62 was a
member of the Michigan state senate.
BAILEY, RUFUS WILLIAM, educator,
author, was born April 13, 1793, in North
Yarmouth, Maine. In 1854 he was elected
professor of languages in Austin college at
Huntsville, Tex., and in 1858 became its
president. He was the author of a series
of newspaper letters on slavery, subse
quently published in a volume under the
title of The Issue; also of a volume of
sermons entitled The Family Preacher; of
letters to daughters entitled The Mother's
Request; of a Primary Grammar; and of
a Manual of English Grammar used ex
tensively in southern schools. He died
April 25, 1863, in Huntsville, Tex.
BAILEY, SARA LORD, elocutionist,
was born Sept. 9, 1856, in England. In
1888 she graduated from the Boston
School of Oratory and has since attained
success as a teacher of elocution and voice
culture in numerous large institutions.
BAILEY, SILAS, clergyman, educator,
college president, was born in 1812 in
Massachusetts. He became principal of
Worcester academy about 1840, and after
several years was elected president of
Granville college, afterward Dennison
university, Granville, Ohio, where he re
mained for ten years. He then became
president of trhe newly established college
at Franklin, Ind., where he remained until
his health failed. He bequeathed his
library to Franklin college. Dr. Bailey
published sermons, addresses and re
views. He died June 11, 1874, in Paris,
France.
BAILEY, THEODORUS, United States
senator, was born Oct. 12, 1758, in Dutchess
county, N. Y. He was a representative
in congress from New York from 1793-97,
and again from 1799-1803. • He was a sena
tor in congress from 1803-04, when he re
signed and was appointed postmaster of
New York city. He died Sept. 6, 1828,
in New York city.
BAILEY, THEODORUS, naval officer,
was born April 12, 1805, in Chateaugay,
N. Y. After serving on the frigate Con
stellation, in which he again sailed round
the world, he was placed in command of
the storeship Lexington in 1846, in which,
on the breaking out of the Mexican war,
he conveyed to California, by way of Cape
Horn, an artillery company and several
officers who afterward became famous. He
died Feb. 10, 1877, in Washington, D. C.
BAILEY, WILLIAM WHITMAN, bot
anist, author, was born Feb. 22, 1843, in
West Point, N. Y., and is a brother of L.
W. Bailey. He is a professor of botany
at Brown university and the author of
New England Wild Flowers and Their
Seasons; Among Rhode Island Wild
Flowers; and Botanical Collector's Hand-
Book.
BAILLY, JOSEPH A., sculptor, was
born in 1825 in Paris, France. He began
his career as a woodcarver and later he
applied himself to marble sculpture and
became a professor in the Pennsylvania
Academy of Fine Arts. He has produced
a statue of Washington, which was placed
in front of the Philadelphia statehouse
in 1869; a colossal statue of Witherspoon;
the companion groups called The First
Prayer and Paradise Lost; portrait busts
of Gen. Grant and Gen. Meade; an eques
trian statue of President Blanco of Vene
zuela; and Spring.
BAILY, JOSEPH, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born March 18, 1810, on the
Brandywine battleground, Chester county,
Pa. From 1839 to 1845 he represented his
native county in both branches of the
legislature; and from 1850 to 1854 repre
sented Perry county in the state senate; in
1854 he was treasurer of the state of Penn
sylvania; and in 1860 was elected a rep
resentative from Pennsylvania to the
thirty-seventh congress, and was re-elect
ed to the thirty-eighth congress. He was
one of the twelve democrats in congress
who voted for the constitutional amend
ment abolishing slavery.
BAINBRIDGE, HENRY, soldier, was
born in 1803, in New York. He served in
the Florida war, in the military occupa
tion of Texas, and in the war with Mexico.
In 1849-50 he served in the Seminole war.
He was promoted to a lieutenant-colonel
cy in 1851. He died May 31, 1857, near
Galveston.
BAINBRIDGE, WILLIAM, naval offi
cer, was born in 1774 in New Jersey. He
was the captain of a merchant vessel at
the age of nineteen and entered the naval
service in 1798. He was distinguished
during the war of 1812, and died in 1833.
BAIRD, ABSALOM, general, was born
Aug. 20, 1824, in Washington, Pa. He
served at Chickamauga, Chattanooga,
Resalo, Jonesborough, and Atlanta. For
his services in the Atlanta campaign he
received the brevet rank of brigadier-gen
eral in the regular army in 1865, with
that of major-general for services dur
ing the rebellion. He served as inspector-
general of the department of the lakes
from 1866 to 1868, of the department of
Dakota till 1870, of the division of the
south till 1872, and subsequently as as
sistant inspector-general of the division
of the Missouri.
BAIRD, ANDREW D., soldier, merchant,
was born Oct. 14, 1839, in Scotland. He
served entirely through the war, taking
part in forty-five battles and being wound
ed three times, and commanded the regi
ment after May, 1864. The stone yards of
Gill and Baird of New York City are
among the foremost in the United States.
BAIRD, CHAMBERS, lawyer, poet, is
a popular lawyer of Ripley, Ohio, and the
author of several meritorious poems.
BAIRD, CHARLES WASHINGTON,
clergyman, author, was born Aug. 28,
1828, in Princeton, N. J., and was a son
of R. Baird. He was a presbyterian minis
ter of Rye, N. Y., and the author of Eu-
taxia, or the Presbyterian Liturgies; Book
of Public Prayer; History of Rye; and
History of the Huguenot Emigration to
America. He died Feb. 10, 1887, in Rye,
N. Y.
BAIRD, GEORGE W., naval engineer,
inventor, author, was born April 22, 1843,
in Washington, D. C. He entered the
navy as assistant engineer and served
during the civil war. He is the inventor
of a distiller for making fresh water from
sea water, an evaporator, a pneumatic
steering machine, and numerous other in
ventions. He is the author of The Ab
sorption of Gases by Water; The Flight
of Flying Fish; Science; and other works.
BAIRD, HENRY CAREY, political
economist and author, was born Sept. 10,
1825, in Bridesburg, Pa. He is a publish
er of industrial books at Philadelphia,
and an active member of the American
Philosophical society, before which he has
read many learned papers. He is the au
thor of Rights of American Producers and
Wrongs of British Free Trade Revenue
Reformers; Protection of Home Labour
and Home Production Necessary to the
Protection of the American Farmer; and
Miscellaneous Papers on Economic Ques
tions.
BAIRD, HENRY MARTYN, educator,
author, was born Jan. 17, 18.12, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is a professor of Greek
at the University of New York from 1859,
and an historian who is conscientious but
not absolutely impartial. He is the au
thor of Life of Robert Baird; Modern
Greece; Narrative of a Residence and
Travels; History of the Rise of the
Huguenots of France; The Huguenots
and Henry of Navarre; and The Hugue
nots and the Revocation of the Edict of
Nantes.
BAIRD, JAMES HADYN, Journalist,
was born Aug. 13, 1866, in West Lebanon,
Tenn. In 1889 he became business manag
er of Southern Lumberman. In 1896 he
was elected to the office of scrivenoter
in the Concatenated Order of Hoo-Hoo,
with headquarters at Nashville, Tenn.
He was also secretary of Forestry depart
ment in the Tennessee centennial at
Nashville in 1897.
BAIRD, JOHN C., lawyer, orator, jur
ist, was born Jan. 7, 1852, in Pittsburg,
Pa. He received his education in the pub
lic schools of his native city, and has
attained prominence as a lawyer of abili
ty of Cheyenne, Wyo. He has filled the
office of district attorney; and has been
judge-advocate-general of Wyoming, with
rank of colonel. He is prominent in
Knights Templars and other orders, and
well known as an eloquent western orator.
BAIRD, JOHN FARIS, educator, clergy
man, was horn Dec. 5, 1851, in Charles-
town, Ind. In 1880 he was elected pro
fessor of ethics and Christian evidence in
Hanover College, which he held until 1890.
when he accepted a pastorate of the pres
byterian church of Seymour, Ind.
68
IIKKKIXGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
BAIRD, MATTHEW, locomotive build
er, was born in 1817, in Londonderry, Ire
land. He became connected with the
Baldwin Locomotive works as a partner
in M. W. Baldwin & Co. He made note
worthy experiments in the economical
burning of soft coal in railroad engines
and adopted the deflector plate or brick
arch, now in general use. He died May
19, 1877, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BAIRD, ROBERT, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 6, 1798, in Fayette
county, Pa. He was a presbyterian clergy
man, active in the cause of temperance
and in promoting the extension of pro
testantism in Europe. He was the author
of History of the Temperance Societies;
View of Religion in America; History of
the Waldenses, Albigenses, and Vaudois;
and Protestantism in Italy. He died
March 15, 1863, in Yonkers. N. Y.
BAIRD, SAMUEL JOHN, clergyman,
author, was born in 1817, in Newark,
Ohio. He is a presbyterian clergyman
whose writings are chiefly concerned with
the polity and history of the presbyterian
church. He Is the author of The Church
of Christ: its Constitution and Order;
History of the Early Polity of the Pres
byterian Church in the Training of Minis
ters; The Socinian Apostasy of the En
glish Presbyterian Church; and History
of the New School.
BAIRD, SAMUEL T., lawyer, congress
man, was born May 5, 1861, in Oak Ridge,
La. He was educated at home and at Vin-
cennes, Ind.; began the study of law in
1879, and was admitted to the bar in 1882,
and was elected district attorney of the
sixth judicial district in 1884. He served
four years upon the bench, and was elect
ed to the fifty-fifth congress as a demo
crat.
BAIRD, SPENCER FULLERTON, na
turalist, was born Feb. 3, 1823, in Read
ing, Pa. He was a naturalist of promi
nence, who was from 1878 the secretary of
the Smithsonian Institution. He was the
translator and editor of the Iconographic
Encyclopedia; co-author with J. Cassin of .
Birds of North America and Mammals of.
North America; editor Annual Record of
Science and Industry from 1872-78. A
History of North American Birds, written
In collaboration with T. M. Brewer and
R. Ridgway, is one of his most valuable
works. He died Aug. 19, 1887, in Wood's
Holl, Mass.
BAKER, ABIJAH RICHARDSON, cler
gyman, author, was born Aug. 30, 1805, in
Franklin, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman of Lynn, Mass., and the au
thor of School History of the United
States; The Catechism Tested by the
Bible; and Topics in Christ's Sermon on
the Mount. He died in 1876.
BAKER, ALBERT C., lawyer, legislator,
Jurist, was born Feb. 15, 1825, in Girard,
Ala. He received his education in the
East Alabama Male
^Sj^^ college of Auburn,
and has attained em-
m inence as an astute
^^ • lawyer and Jurist.
^P ^* ™- He has been city at
torney for Phoenix,
Ariz.; district at
torney of his coun
ty; and assistant
United States at
torney for Arizona.
He was a member
of the eleventh leg
islative assembly of Arizona, and was
chairman of the judiciary committee in
that body. He has been a member of the
board of curators, territorial library; a
member of the board of directors of the
Territorial Normal school; and has filled
with distinction the high office of chief
justice of Arizona.
BAKER, ALFRED, banker, was born
Feb. 8, 1811, in Warren County, Ga. In
1870 he organized and became president
of the National Exchange Bank of Au
gusta; and in 1875 he established the
Augusta Savings bank, and became its
president. As a wholesale merchant,
manufacturer, and banker he has been
one of the leading business men of his
section.
BAKER, ALPHEUS, soldier, lawyer,
was born May 23, 1825, in South Carolina.
He Joined the .confederate army in 1861,
and was rapidly promoted for gallant and
meritorious services, to the rank of briga
dier-general. At the close of the war he
engaged in the practice of law in Louis
ville, Ky. He died Oct. 2, 1891, in Louis
ville, Ky.
BAKER, ANDREW J., merchant, law
yer, legislator, was born Sept. 4, 1842, in
Mississippi. He attended the University
of Mississippi, and served during the civil
war in the confederate army, and was
twice a member of the Mississippi state
legislature. He is a successful merchant
and lawyer of San Angelo, Texas; has
served with distinction as a member of
the Texas state legislature; and for four
years was commissioner of the general
land office of Texas.
BAKER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
musician, was born July 10, 1811, in Wen-
ham, Mass. From 1842 to 1848 he was
superintendent of musical instruction in
the grammar schools of Boston, Mass.,
and met 8,000 pupils a week. He intro
duced music into the public schools of
Lowell and Lawrence; became editor of
the Boston Musical Journal; and. from
its foundation in 1857, was principal of the
Boston music school.
BAKER, BENJAMIN M., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Jan. 20, 1850, in
Girard, Ala. After receiving his educa
tion he entered into the active practice
of law. He was the first state superin
tendent of public education of Texas; and
was a member of the fifteenth, sixteenth
and seventeenth state legislatures of
Texas. He has served as judge of the
thirty-first judicial district of his adopt
ed state, and his decisions have shown
him to possess rare judicial abilities.
BAKER, BENJAMIN T., Journalist, was
born Aug. 3, 1866; is the editor and owner
of The Journal of Smith Center, Kan. He
is prominent in the affairs of his county
and state, and a member of the populist
congressional, judicial and county com
mittees.
BAKER, BENJAMIN W., soldier, minis
ter, college president, was born Nov. 25,
1841, in Coles county, 111. He has at
tained prominence as an eloquent metho-
dist minister and as president of Chad-
dock college, Quincy, 111. He served as
a soldier for three years in the civil war.
BAKER, BERNARD N.. businessman,
was born May 11, 1854, in Baltimore, Md.
He is president of the firm of Baker,
Whiteley & Co.; and is also the presi
dent of the Baltimore Storage and Light
erage company, which has a capital of
$1,500,000 and which owns and controls
the Atlantic Transport line.
BAKER, CALEB, congressman, was
born in Providence, R. I. He served four
years in the New York assembly; was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1819 to 1821.
BAKER, CHARLES JOSEPH, mer
chant, manufacturer, was born May 28,
1821, in Baltimore. Md. It was through
his efforts that the Union railroad and
tunnel were constructed; and, having
bought control of The Baltimore Gazette,
he was enable'd to advance reform move
ments. He died Sept. 23, 18!)4, in Balti
more, Md.
BAKER, CHARLES SIMEON, soldier,
educator, lawyer, congressman, was born
Feb. 18, 1839, in Churchville, N. Y. He
received an academic education; was a
teacher in 1856-'57; studied law. was ad
mitted to the bar in December, 1860, and
Las since practiced the profession, ex
cept during the first year of the war,
when he served as first lieutenant of Com
pany E, Twenty-seventh New York volun
teers, being disabled at the first battle of
Bull Run. He was a member of the board
or supervisors of Monroe county three
years; was a member of the Rochester
board of education two years, and presi
dent thereof the second year. He was a
member of the New York state assembly
from the Rochester district in 1879, 1880,
U82; was a member of the state senate
of New York from the twenty-ninth dis
trict in 1884-'85; and was elected to the
forty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses as a republican.
BAKER, CONRAD, statesman. He was
governor of Indiana from 1867 to 1869.
BAKER, DANIEL, soldier, was born
about 1775. He was brevetted major for
gallantry in the disastrous affair at
Brownstown, Mich., known as Van
Home's defeat. After the war of 1812 he
was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the
sixth infantry, and commanded that regi
ment, at the battle of the Bad Axe river,
in the Black Hawk war, in 1832. He died
Oct. 10, 1836, in Detroit, Mich.
BAKER, DANIEL, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 17, 1791, in Midway, Ga.
He gained such a reputation as an effec
tive preacher that his services were in
demand as a revivalist. After 1830 he
continued as an evangelist, traveling in
the south, and at last settled in Austin,
Texas, where he founded a college and
became its first president. Among his
published works are A Scriptural View of
Baptism; An Affectionate Address to
Mothers, and one to Fathers; Baptism
in a Nutshell; and Revival Sermons. His
memoirs, prepared by his son, were pub
lished in Philadelphia in 1859. He died
Dec. 10, 1857, in Austin, Texas.
BAKER, DAVID JEWETT, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Sept. 7. 1792,
in East Haddam, Conn. He had an ex
tensive practice, and was probate judge
of Randolph county, 111. He was a sen
ator in congress from 1830 to 1831, carry
ing through congress the important meas
ure of selling the public lands to actual
settlers in parcels of forty acres; and was
United States attorney for Illinois from
1833 to 1841. He opposed the introduction
of slavery into Illinois in 1823 with such
energy that his opponents tried to kill
him. He died Aug. 6, 1869, in Alton, 111.
BAKER, DAVID V., lawyer, was born
May 30, 1839, in Dayton, Ohio. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the common schools, and attended three
sessions at Liber college, Indiana. In 1861
he received a commission as an aid-de
camp, with the rank of colonel, to the gov
ernor when less than twenty-two years
of age. Mr. Baker was postmaster under
President Lincoln; was elected city at
torney; town councilman; town clerk;
four years a mail contractor; five years
in charge of clerkship of the Jay circuit
court; and in 1880 was a candidate for
the legislature, and carried Adams and
Jay counties by 4,000 majority.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCI.OPKIM A OF AMKRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BAKER, DORSEY SYNGE. physician,
banker, was born Oct. 28, 1823, in Center-
ville, 111. In 1871 he took steps to organ
ize a railroad company to build a line
from Walla Walla to Wallula. This road,
the first in the territory, was built entire
ly from his own means and was finished
in 1873. His principal properties were The
Baker and Boyer bank in Walla Walla;
and The Walla Walla and Columbia River
Railroad.
BAKER, EDWARD D., lawyer, soldier,
congressman, was born Feb. 24, 1811, in
London, England. He was brought to
________ this country when a
child, and was early
left an orphan in
Philadelphia. He be
came famous as an
advocate in Illinois,
to which state he
emigrated in his
nineteenth year.
After serving in the
Illinois legislature
for two years, he re
signed, and, in 1846,
went to Mexico as a
colonel of volunteers. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Illinois from
1849 to 1851. after which he took an active
part in the building of the Panama rail
road. In 1852 he settled in San Francisco,
devoting himself to his profession: sub
sequently removed to Oregon, which state
he represented as a senator in congress,
taking his seat in March, 1861. At the
outbreak of the rebellion, in 1861, he raised
a body of men in Philadelphia, called the
California regiment, and while gallantly
leading them in battle at Leesburg. Va.,
against a superior force, was shot from
his horse and killed, Oct. 21, 1861.
BAKER, ENDS POMSROY, clergyman,
college president, was born Dec. 20, 1856,
in West Bloomfleld. N. Y. He graduated
from Lake Forest university as valedic
torian in 1882, and in 1886 from the Pres
byterian Theological Seminary of the
Northwest, now the McCormick Theo
logical seminary, of Chicago. He had
charge of several churches, and is now
president of the Presbyterian College of
the Southwest, of Del Norte, Colo.
BAKER. EZRA, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1815 to 1817.
BAKER, FRANK R., legislator 'and
lawyer, was born Nov. 11, 1861, in Ben-
tonsport, Iowa. In 1891 he was elected
a member of the Washington state legis
lature, and has since attained prominence
as an orator and statesman.
BAKER, FREDERICK A., was born
June 14, 1846, in Holly, Mich. He com
menced the study of the law in 1865. was
admitted to the bar in 1867, and has been
in active practice ever since. In 1877 he
served with distinction as a member of
the Michigan state legislature.
BAKER, GEORGE AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
author, was born in 1821, in New York
City. He was a successful lawyer of New
York and the author of Point Lace and
Diamonds, a collection of sparkling so
ciety verse; The Bad Habits of Good So
ciety; Mrs. Hephaestus and Other Short
Stories; and West Point: a Comedy. He
died April 2, 1880, in New York City.
BAKER, GEORGE HALL, librarian,
was born April 23, 1850, in Ashfleld, Mass.
In 1883 he joined the staff of Columbia
college library as assistant librarian. Dur
ing 1885-89 he was lecturer in the school
of political science in Columbia college
on the bibliography of history and politi
cal science.
BAKER, GEORGE MELVILLE, author,
was born in 1832, in Maine. He was the
author and compiler of Amateur Dramas;
the Social Stage; and works of like char
acter. He died in 1890.
BAKER, GEORGE PIERCE, educator,
author, was born in 1866, in Rhode Island.
He is an instructor at Harvard university,
and the author of Plot Book of Eliza
bethan Plays; and Principles of Argu
mentation.
BAKER, GEORGE TITUS, civil en
gineer, legislator, was born Sept. 24, 1857,
in Homestead, Iowa. He attended the
Iowa state university in 1874-75, and
he is a member of a large construction
company of Davenport, Iowa. During
1896-97 he served with distinction as a
representative in the Iowa state legisla
ture.
BAKER, GEORGE W., educator, cler
gyman, was born Dec. 14, 1857, near Cen
tral Academy, Miss. For fourteen years
he was engaged in educational work; was
licensed to preach in the methodist epis
copal church in 1887; was admitted to the
annual conference at Grenada in 1896;
and was ordained Jan. 17, 1897. He has
since served in the Corinth circuit, with
srreat success.
BAKER, GRAFTON, jurist, was born
in Virginia and removed to Mississippi,
from which state he was appointed an
associate justice of the United States
court for the territory of New Mexico.
BAKER, MRS. HARRIETTE NEW
ELL, author, was born in 1S15, in An-
dover, Mass. Besides two novels, — Cora
and the Doctor, The Courtesies of Wedded
Life, — her writings include nearly two
hundred moral and religious tales, among
which Tim the Scissors Grinder is the
best known. She is best known by the
pseudonyms of Madeline Leslie and Aunt
Hally. She died in 1893.
BAKER, HENRY BROOKS, physician,
was born Dec. 29, 1837, in Brattlesbor-
ough. Vt. He has devoted much time to
studies relative to the causation of diph
theria, typhoid fever, cholera, and pneu
monia. The results thus far obtained have
appeared in the Transactions of the
American Public Health Association; and
Transactions of the American Climato-
logical Association, 1886.
BAKER, HENRY G., lawyer, jurist,
was born Sept. 22, 1857, in Cleveland,
Ohio. At the age of twenty-one he was
elected justice of the peace and ten years
later was elected probate judge of De
fiance county, Ohio. He was appointed
by the governor as commissioner to the
Columbian exposition for Ohio.
BAKER, HENRY M., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 11, 1841, in Bow, N.
H. He graduated from the New Hamp-
shire Conference
seminary in 1859,
Dartmouth college
in 1863, and the Co
lumbian College
Law school in 1866,
and admitted to the
bar the same year.
He was a clerk in
the war and treasury
departments, and la
ter practiced law in
Washington, D. C.
He was judge-advo
cate-general of the National guard of
New Hampshire in 1886-'87, with the rank
of brigadier-general; and was a member
of the state senate in 1891-'92. He was
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
republican from the second district of
New Hampshire, and in 1894 was re-elect
ed by a greatly increased majority. He
was not again a candidate for re-election.
In congress he served on the judiciary
and other important committees. Several
of his speeches were printed in pamphlet
form and extensively circulated.
BAKER, ISAAC GILBERT, merchant,
was born Aug. 22, 1819, in Rigfield, Mo.
In 1866 he engaged in mercantile busi
ness, operating the Baker line of steam
boats, transporting freight by wagons to
the mining towns, and trading with the
Indians. Every year he collected in the
western region about twenty thousand
dressed buffalo robes and shipped them to
a market in the east.
BAKER, JAMES H., soldier, public offi
cial, was born May 6, 1829, in Monroe,
Ohio. He received his education at the
Wesleyan university of that state; be
came a teacher, and had charge of a fe
male seminary at Richmond, Ind. In 1853
he purchased the Scioto Gazette and be
came its editor; in 1855 was elected secre
tary of state for Ohio, and subsequently
removed to Minnesota and became the
secretary of that state. He served as a
colonel in the army in 1862 and 1863; was
made provost-marshal for the depart
ment of Missouri, and served as such un
til the close of the rebellion, having been
made a brigadier-general. He was then
appointed register of public lands at
Boonville, Mo., and in 1871 was appointed
commissioner of pensions, resigning the
position in 1875.
BAKER, JAMES HUTCHINS, educator,
college president, author, was born Oct.
13, 1848, in Harmony, Maine. In 1873 he
graduated from
Bates college and at
once entered into
/ educational work as
22 -8b I principal of the Yar
mouth High school.
From the beginning
of his residence in
Colorado, he has
identified himself
closely with the ed
ucational interests
of that state. For
seventeen years he
was connected with the East Denver High
school, and during his administration the
magnificent High school building, second
to none in the United States, was erected
— a lasting and a splendid, memorial of
his work. In 1892 he assumed his duties
as president of the university of Colora
do. He has been president of the state
teachers' association, and since 1886 has
served as a member of the national coun
cil of education, being elected its presi
dent in 1891. He is the author of Ele
mentary Psychology and other works;
and his reputation rests chiefly on his
studies and investigation of problems in
psychology and ethics.
BAKER, JAMES L., lawyer, jurist, was
born Feb. 2, 1847, in Montgomery, N. Y.
He received his education at the Ithaca
academy, and graduated from the law de
partment of Union college. He has at
tained success as an eminent lawyer of
Ithaca, N. Y. ; has been its city attorney,
and filled with honor the position of spe
cial county judge of Tompkins County,
N. Y.
BAKER, JAMES M., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born July 22, 1821, in
Robeson county, N. C. In 1862 he was
elected by the legislature of Florida as
senator in the confederate congress; and
was re-elected in 1864. In 1866 he was ap
pointed associate justice of the supreme
court; and in 1881 was appointed judge of
the fourth judicial circuit. He died June
20, 1892, in Jacksonville. Fla.
70
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BAKER, JKHU, lawyer, diplomat, con
gressman, was born Nov. 4, 1822, in Fay-
ette county, Ky. He attended common
schools and McKendree college, but did
not graduate; and subsequently received
from the latter institution the honorary
degrees of M. A. and LL. D. He studied
medicine for a time; is a lawyer; was
master in chancery of St. Clair county
1861-'65; was elected to the thirty-ninth,
fortieth, and fiftieth congresses; and
served as United States minister resident
to Venezuela in 1878-81 and 1882-85. He
was minister resident and consul-gener
al for a time during the closing part of
this service, and was elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a fusionist.
BAKER, JOANNA, educator, linguist,
•was born Feb. 14, 1862, in New Rochelle,
111. She received a thorough education; is
a fine linguist; and now fills the chair of
Greek, language, literature and philoso
phy in the Simpson college of Indianola,
Iowa. As a lecturer she has also attained
success.
BAKER, JOHN, lawyer, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1811 to 1813. He died Aug.'
18, 1823, in Sheperdstown, Va.
BAKER, JOHN H., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Feb. 28, 1832,
In Parma township, N. Y. He removed,
studied law, and commenced practice in
Goshen, Ind., in 1857. He was state sen
ator in 1862; in 1874 was elected a repre
sentative from Indiana to the forty-fourth
congress and was re-elected to the forty-
fifth and forty-sixth congresses.
BAKER, JOSHUA, was born March 23,
1799, in Kentucky. He graduated from
West Point in 1819, and at his death on
April 15, 1893, he was the oldest graduate
in existence. He practiced law in Mary's
parish, and in 1839 was appointed judge.
In 1867 he was appointed governor of the
state by General Hancock.
BAKEH, JTIJA KEIM WETHERILL,
journalist, author, was born July 18, 1858,
in Woodville, Miss. She received her ed
ucation in Philadelphia, Pa. Her hus
band, Marion A. Baker, is the literary ed
itor of the New Orleans Times-Democrat;
and for the past six years she has been
employed as literary critic and editorial
writer on the staff of that journal. She
Is the author of a novel entitled Wings.
BAKER, LAFAYETTE C.t patriot, au
thor, was born Oct. 13, 1826, in Stafford,
N. Y. He was chief of the United States
secret service during the civil war; and
In 1862 the bureau became attached to the
war department, and he was commission
ed colonel, and subsequently brigadier-
general. He was the author of a work
entitled History of the United States Se
cret Service. He died July 2, 1868. in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BAKER, LEWIS, journalist, legislator,
was born in 1832, In Belmont county,
Ohio. He was educated in the log school-
house and the coun
try printing office;
admitted to practice
law in the supreme
and other courts of
Ohio; and declined
his party nomina
tion to congress
when in his 25th
year. He has edited
and published at dif
ferent periods the
Cambridge Jeffer-
sonian, Ohio; Daily
Ohio Statesman, of Columbus; Daily Au
rora, of Zanesville; the Wheeling Regis
ter, West Virginia, and the St. Paul Globe,
Minnesota. He has bppn a member and
presiding officer of the West Virginia
state senate; president of the St. Paul
school board; and envoy extraordinary
and minister plenipotentiary of Nicarau-
gua, Costa Rica, and Salvador. He has
been connected with many business en
terprises, and has always taken an active
part in politics, and was a member of the
two democratic national conventions of
1884 and 1892.
BAKER, LOUISA S., clergyman, writer,
was born Oct. 17, 1846, in Nantucket,
ilass. For many years she was engaged
in educational work; is now pastor of the
First congregational church of Nantuck
et, Mass.; and is well-known as a success
ful contributor to current literature.
BAKER, LUCIEN, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1846 in Ohio. Shortly
after he removed with his parents to
Michigan, but in 1869 he removed to Kan
sas and settled in Leavenworth, where he
has since resided, engaged in the practice
of law. He was elected to the United
States senate as a republican in 1895. His
term of service will expire March 3, 1901.
BAKER, LUTHER ELIJAH, financier,
was born Jan. 1, 1865, in Melrose, Va. He
accepted the position of bookkeeper, and
afterward assistant secretary and secre
tary of the Iowa Mutual Benefit associa
tion, one of the oldest institutions of its
kind in the west. He is official corre
spondent of the American Protective Tar
iff league and director of the Toledo Sav
ings bank.
BAKER, MARCUS, explorer, was born
Sept. 23, 1849, in Ostemo, Mich. He was
educated at Kalamazoo college and the
university of Michigan, graduating in
1870; in 1870-'71 was made professor of
mathematics in Albion college, and in
1871-'73 tutor of mathematics in the uni
versity of Michigan. In 1873 he became
connected with the U. S. Coast and Geo
detic survey, attaining in 1886 the grade
of assistant geographer. During this time
he spent several years in explorations and
surveys in Alaska, and traversed the en
tire Pacific coast from southern Califor
nia to the Arctic ocean. In 1882 he was
in charge of the Los Angeles magnetic
observatory, established by the U. S. sig
nal service.
BAKER, NATHANIEL BRADLEY,
governor, was born Sept. 29, 1818, in
Henniker, N. H. For three years he was
joint proprietor and editor of the New
Hampshire Patriot. He was elected to
the legislature In 1851, was chosen speak
er of the house, and served two terms. He
was a presidential elector in 1852, and
in 1854 was elected governor of the state
on the democratic ticket. He was elected
to the Iowa legislature in 1859. In 1861
lie was appointed adjutant-general of
Iowa. He died Sept. 11, 1876, in Des
Moines, Iowa.
BAKER, OSMOND OLEANDER, cler
gyman, was born July 30, 1812, in Marlow,
N. H. He was a professor in the Gen
eral Biblical institute of Concord, N. H.,
and in 1847 was president of the same;
bishop of the methodist episcopal church
in 1852-'71, and wrote A Guide Book in
the Administration of Discipline of the
Methodist Episcopal Church. He died
Dec. 20, 1871, in Concord, N. H.
BAKER, OSMYN, lawyer, congressman,
was born May 18, 1800, in Amherst, Mass.
He graduated at Yale college in 1822;
adopted the profession of the law, and
was a member of the Massachusetts legis
lature in 1833 and 1834. He was a repre
sentative in congress from his native
state from 1839 to 1845, and was state
councilor in 1853 and 1854.
BAKER, PETER CARPENTER, pub
lisher, author, was born March 25, 1822,
in North Hempstead, N. Y. In 1865 he
established the law-publishing firm of Ba
ker, Voorhis and Co., which is still in ex
istence and has a large catalogue. Mr.
Baker was one of the founders of the
Metropolitan Literary association, edited
the Steam Press, a patriotic periodical,
during the civil war (1861-'5), and origi
nated the plan for a statue of Benjamin
Franklin in Printing-house square, New
York, which was given by Albert De
Groot. He has published addresses and
monographs.
BAKER, PHILIP PONTIUS, state sen
ator, was born Jan. 14, 1846, in Cowan,
Pa. In 1869 he moved to Vineland, N. J.,
where, under the firm name of Baker
Bros., they built up an extensive trade in
the business of general merchandising.
In 1881 he was elected to the assembly,
and 1886 was a member of the New Jer
sey senate. He was one of the founders
and president of the Tradesman bank,
and one of the leading spirits in the de
velopment of Sea Isle City, N. J.
BAKER, ROBERT HALL, manufactur
er, was born June 27, 1839, in Lake Gene
va, Wis. Through an acquaintance with
the late Jerome I. Case, manufacturer of
threshing machines, Mr. Baker was final
ly induced to become a partner in Mr.
Case's firm, and he remained successfully
engaged in that business until death. He
was state senator of Wisconsin in 1872-
'76, and mayor of Racine in 1874
BAKER, SARAH WOODS, author, was
born in 1824, in New Haven, Conn. She is
the author of the following works: The
Babes in the Basket; The Aunt Friendly
Books; Timid Lucy; Pictures of Swe
dish Life; Our Elder Brother; Salt; and
six volumes of stories. Her maiden name
was Sarah Tuthill. Mrs. Woods-Baker re
sides in Sweden.
BAKER, STEPHEN, merchant, con
gressman, was born Aug. 12, 1819, in New
York city. At an early age he engaged
in mercantile pursuits, from which he re
tired in 1849 to a country seat in Dutchesa
county, N. Y. He was elected a represent
ative from New York to the thirty-sev
enth congress.
BAKER, WILLIAM, educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 29, 1831, in
Washington county, Pa. He was brought
up on a farm and graduated from
Waynesburg college in 1856. He followed
teaching as a profession a number of
years, and while teaching studied law and
was admitted to the bar. For the last
thirteen years he has been engaged in
farming and stock raising in Lincoln
county, Kans. ; and was elected to the fif
ty-second, fifty-third and fifty-fourth con
gresses.
BAKER, WILLIAM B., merchant, con
gressman, was born July 22, 1840, near
Aberdeen, Md. He was educated at pub
lic and private schools; worked upon a
farm until thirty-two years of age, when
he commenced fruit packing, and has
been engaged in that business ever since.
He has frequently been a delegate to state
and congressional conventions, and al
though his county is strongly democratic,
he was elected to the house of delegates
as a republican in 1881 and to the state
senate in 1893. He was elected to the fif
ty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
BAKER, WILLIAM H., artist, was
born in 1825, In Lenox, N. Y. One of his
best portraits is that of Bishop Quintard
of Tennessee, painted for the episcopal
general convention. He died May 29, 1875,
in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
71
BAKER, WILLIAM H., educator, law
yer, congressman, was born Jan. 17, 1827,
in Lenox, N. Y. He removed with his
parents to Oswego county in 1829, and re
ceived his education at the common
schools. He became a mechanic and then
a school teacher; studied law, and came
to the bar in 1851. In 1862 was elected
district attorney for Oswego county; re-
elected in 1866, and in 1874 was chosen a
representative from New York to the for
ty-fourth congress; and was re-elected to
the forty-fifth congress.
BAKER, WILLIAM MUMFORD, cler
gyman, author, was born June 27, 1825, in
Washington, D. C. He was a popular nov
elist who was a presbyterian clergyman
in the southwest until 1870, and after
wards the pastor of a church in Boston.
He was a vigorous writer of considerable
originality, whose earlier works possess
historic interest as pictures of a now past
stage of civilization in the southern
states. He was the author of Inside a
Chronicle of Secession; The Virginians
in Texas; Oak Mot; The New Timothy;
Mose Evans; His Majesty Myself; Blessed
St. Certainty; Thirlmore; Carter Quar
ts rman; A Year Worth Living; Colonel
Dunwoddie: Millionaire; The Msking of
a Man; The Ten Theophanies: the Mani
festations of Christ before His Birth in
Bethlehem; and John Westacott, a juve
nile tale. He died Aug. 20, 1883, in South
Boston, Mass.
BAKER, WILLIAM SPOHN, antiqua
rian, author, was born April 17, 1824, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He possesses a collec
tion of engraved portraits of George
Washington which is the most complete
that is known; and his number of medals
of Washington is second only to that of
William S. Appleton, of Boston; while his
collection of biographies of Washington
is the most noted in existence. He is the
author of Origin and Antiquity of En
graving; American Engravers and their
Works; William Sharp, Engraver, and
His Works; Engraved Portraits of Wash
ington; Medallic Portraits of Washing
ton; Character Portraits of Washington;
Bibliotheca Washingtoniana; and Itiner
ary of George Washington.
BALBACH, EDWARD, smelter, refiner,
inventor, was horn March 19, 1804, in
Germany. He patented a de-silverizing
process, which has completely revolu
tionized the smelting of gold and silver
in this country and in Europe, and which
brought to his works a continual stream
of consignments of gold and silver ores
from all the western states and territories
and Mexico, and afterward incorporated
the business, with himself as president, as
The Balbach Smelting and Refining Co.
of Newark, N. J. He died Oct. 14, 1890.
BALBACH, EDWARD, metallurgist, in
ventor, was born July 4, 1839, in Ger
many. In 1864 he obtained letters pat
ent for a new de-silverizing process for
argentiferous lead, which was afterward
known as the Balbach Process. He also
invented the water jacket used for smelt
ing and refining furnaces. In 1891 he was
appointed president of the Balbach Smelt
ing and Refining Co.
BALBACH. LEOPOLD, metallurgist,
was born March 17. 1847, in Germany. He
founded and incorporated the Omaha
Smelting anrt Refining company of Oma
ha, Neb.; also established similar works
at Chicago. 111., and at Denver, Colo. For
some past years he has been an exten
sive mine operator.
BALCH, ALFRED, jurist. He was an
early emigrant to the territory of Flori
da, and in 1840 was appointed one of the
United States judges for that territory.
BALCH, GEORGE BEALL, naval offi
cer, was born Jan. 3, 1821, in Tennessee.
He served in the Mexican war, and in 1850
was commissioned lieutenant. In 1861 he
enlisted in the United States navy to
serve in the civil war, and attained the
rank of rear admiral. From 1879-'81 he
\vas superintendent of the. naval academy
at Annapolis, Md.
BALCH, WILLIAM STEVENS, clergy
man, author. He was born in 1806 in Ver
mont. He was a universalist clergyman,
long resident at Elgin, 111.; and author of
Lectures on Language; Grammar of the
English Language; Ireland as I Saw It;
and A Peculiar People. He died in 1887.
BALDRIDGE, WILLIAM M., lawyer,
legislator, was born March 13, 1863, in
Saline County, Ark. He graduated from
the Little Rock university, and from the
law department of the Vanderbilt uni
versity. He has attained success as an
eminent lawyer of his native state at
Benton, and served as a representative
in the Arkansas state legislature in 1893
and again in 1897.
BALDWIN, ABEL SEYMOUR, physi
cian, state legislator, was born March 19,
1811, in Fulton, N. Y. He was the first
president of the Florida, Atlantic and
Gulf railroad; in 1852 was elected to the
Florida legislature; in 1859 was a state
senator, and in 1863 was made medical
director of Florida and Georgia.
BALDWIN, ABRAHAM, lawyer, states
man, was born Nov. 6, 1754, in Guilford,
Conn. He was a graduate of Yale college
in 1772, and from
1775 to 1779 was a
tutor in that insti
tution. Having stu
died law, settled in
Savannah, Ga. ; soon
after his arrival
there was chosen a
member of the leg
islature; originated
the plan of the uni
versity of Georgia,
drew up the charter,
persuaded the as
sembly to adopt it, and was for some time
its president; was a member of the con
tinental congress from 1785 to 1788, and
a member of the convention which
framed the constitution of the United
States, which he duly signed. From 1789
to 1799 he was a representative in con
gress from Georgia, and from 1799 to 1807
was a member of the United States sen
ate. He died March 4, 1807, in Washing
ton, D. C.
BALDWIN, ALBERT, merchant, man
ufacturer, financier, was born in 1834 In
Watertown, Mass. He is now president
of the hardware corporation of A. Bald
win and Co. of New Orleans, La., and is a
prominent factor in the business world.
BALDWIN, ALEXANDER W.. lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1835 in Alabama. He
received a legal education and settled in
Virginia City, Nev.; in his thirtieth year
was appointed United States judge for
Nevada. His father, Joseph G. Baldwin,
was the author of a popular book entitled
The Flush Times of Alabama and Missis
sippi, and was judge of the supreme court
of California. He was killed by a railroad
accident Nov. 15, 1869, at Alameda, Cal.
BALDM1N, ASHBEL, clergyman, was
born March 7, 1757, in Litchfield, Conn.
He served as a quartermaster in the revo
lutionary war, and was ordained by Bish
op Seabury in 1785— the first episcopal or
dination in this country. He had preached
about 10,000 times, baptized 3.010. married
600 couples, and assisted at the burial of
about 3,000 individuals. He died Feb. 8*
1846, in Rochester, N. Y.
BALDWIN, AUGUSTUS C., lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 24. 1817, in
Salina, N. Y. In 1837 he emigrated to
Michigan and settled in Oakland county;
taught school, and at the same time stu
died law, and came to the bar in 1842.
In 1844 and 1846 was elected to the legis
lature of Michigan; in 1853 and 1854 was
prosecuting attorney for his adopted
county, and was a delegate to the
Charleston and Baltimore conventions of
1860. In 1862 he was elected a represent
ative from Michigan to the thirty-eighth
congress.
BALDWIN, CHARLES H., naval offi
cer, was born Sept. 3, 1822, in New York
city. He entered the navy in 1839. In
the war with Mexico he served on the
frigate Congress, and in 1861 commanded
the steamer Clifton. January, 1883, he was
raised to the rank of rear admiral, and
assigned to the command of the Mediter
ranean squadron, and in 1884 was placed
on the retired list. He died Nov. 17, 1888,
in New York city.
BALDWIN, DANIEL PRATT, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born March 22, 1837,
in Madison county, N. Y. He graduated
from Cagmina seminary in 1852, the Col
gate university in 1856, and from the Co
lumbia Law school in 1860. He was judge
of the circuit court in 1870. and attorney-
general of Indiana in 1880. He is a plat
form speaker and a successful man of af
fairs.
BALDWIN, DAVID C., merchant, legis
lator, was born Sept. 18, 1836, in Elyria,
Ohio. He entered mercantile business
with his father and others in Elyria,
Ohio, in 1855, continuing therein until
1893. As first lieutenant in the one hun
dred days service he was actively en
gaged in some lively skirmishes in West
Virginia, where John Brown located. He
has been connected with the historical so
ciety at Cleveland, Ohio, as incorporator
and trustee, and is the donor of a fine
archaeological collection from American
and foreign sources. He was elected to
the seventy-second Ohio general assembly
as a republican.
BALDWIN, EDWIN THOMAS, compos
er, was born July 19, 1832, in New Ips
wich, N. H. He is a composer of band
music and sacred quartettes, and presi
dent of the New Hampshire State asso
ciation.
BALDWIN, FREDERICK W., lawyer,
author, was born Sept. 29, 1848, in Low
ell, Vt. He is one of the leading law
yers of Vermont at Barton, and the au
thor of Biography of the Bar of Orleans
County, Vt. He has been presidential
elector, and is prominent in the public
enterprises of Barton, Vt., notably that
of the Barton Manufacturing company
and the Barton Hotel company.
BALDWIN, GEORGE COLFAX, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 21, 1817, in
Pompton, N. J. He graduated from Mad
ison university of Hamilton, N. Y., and
has been for many years pastor of the
First baptist church in Troy, N. Y. He is
author of Representative Women of the
Bible; Representative Men of the New
Testament; and The Model Prayer; a vol
ume of lectures and other works.
BALDWIN, GEORGE VAN NEST, law
yer, was born Jan. 23, 1838, in New York
city. He is one of the ablest lawyers
connected with the bar of New York, and
the latter years of his life have been oc
cupied more in the line of consultations
than in court work.
72
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOCRAPHY.
BALDWIN, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Jan. 14, 1780, in
New Haven, Conn. He graduated at Yale
college in 1797; was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1817 to
1822, when he resigned. He was a dis
tinguished lawyer, and was for many
years associate judge of the supreme
court of the United States. He died April
21, 1844, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BALDWIN, HENRY CLAY, lawyer,
legislator, was born Nov. 5, 1867, in Lau
rel county, Ky. After graduating he
taught school for seven years, and in 1895
was elected a member of the Kentucky
state legislature from the seventy-first
legislative district.
BALDWIN, HENRY PORTER, state
senator, governor, United States senator,
was born Feb. 22, 1814, in Coventry, R. I.
In 1838 he moved to Detroit, Mich;
became president of the Second national
bank of Detroit; and was for two years
a state senator. In 1868 he was elected
governor of Michigan, to which position
he brought a full store of general infor
mation gathered from foreign travel and
the study of men and books; and re-elect
ed in 1870 for a second term. In 1879
he was appointed United States senator
to fill a vacancy.
BALDWIN. JAMES MARK, educator,
author, was born Jan. 12, 1861, in Colum
bia, S. C. In 1884 he graduated from the
Princeton university, and has attained
success as an educator. During 1887-89
he was professor in the Lake Forest uni
versity; professor in the university of
Toronto during 1890-93; and since 1893
has been professor in the Princeton uni
versity. In 1897 he was elected president
of the American Psychological associa
tion; and the same year was awarded a
gold medal by the Royal academy of Den
mark. He is the author of Psychology;
Elements of Psychology; Mental Devel
opment in the Child and Man; and a
translation of Ribot's German Psychology
of To-Day.
BALDWIN, JEDUTHAN, soldier was
born Jan. 13, 1732, in Woburn, Mass. He
commanded a company during the French
and Indian war, and served in the expe
dition against Crown Point during the au
tumn of 1775. He served under General
St. Clair at Ticonderoga in 1777, and with
his regiment was at West Point in 1780.
He was a memoer of the Massachusetts
provincial congress in 1774-75. He died
June 4, 1788, in Brookfield. Mass.
BALDWIN, JOHN, congressman was
born in Windham, Conn. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1825 to 1829.
BALDWIN, JOHN D., journalist, con
gressman, author, was born Sept. 28, 1810,
in North Stonington, Conn. In 1842 he
btcame associated with the press, first in
Hartford, and then in Boston, and was
editor of the Daily Commonwealth, a wri
ter for the Advertiser, and subsequently
became the proprietor of the Worcester
Spy. He was a delegate to the Chicago
convention of 1860; and in 1862 was elect
ed a representative from Massachusetts
to the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth con
gress, and in 1866 was elected to the for
tieth congress. For many years he was
particularly devoted to the study of an
cient history, and was the author of Pre-
Historic Nations; Ancient America; and
Raymond Hill and other poems. He died
July 8, 1883, in Worcester, Mass.
BALDWIN, JOSEPH, educator, author,
was born Oct. 31. 1827, in New Castle, Pa.
For half a century he has been engaged
In educational work. He was president
of the normal schools in Indiana for ten
years; president of the North Missouri
state normal school of Kirksville during
1871-81; president of the Texas state nor
mal school of Huntsville during 1881-
91; and since that time has been pro
fessor of pedagogy in the university
of Texas. This eminent educator is the
author of Art of School Management;
Elementary Psychology; Psychology Ap
plied to the Art of Teaching: and School
Management and School Methods.
BALDWIN, JOSEPH ELIAS, lawyer,
legislator, was born Aug. 22, 1826, in New
York city. In 1846 he graduated from the
Wabash college of Crawfordsville, Ind.,
and taught school several years after
graduation. He studied law in Buffalo,
N. Y., and was admitted to the bar in
1858. In 1864 he was elected a member
of the Missouri state senate from Potosi,
Mo., and served with distinction for two
years.
BALDWIN, JOSEPH G., jurist, author,
was born in 1811 in Sumter, Ala. He
was a popular humorous writer and a ju
rist of prominence in Alabama, and after
ward of California, of which state he be
came chief justice. He is the author of
Flush Times in Alabama and Mississippi;
and Party Leaders, able papers on south
ern statesmen. He died Sept. 30. 1864, in
San Francisco, Cal.
BALDWIN, MRS. LYDIA WOOD, au
thor, was born in 1836 in Massachusetts.
She is the author of Rubina; and A Yan
kee School-Teacher in Virginia.
BALDWIN, MARY H., educator, au
thor, was born May 31, 1841, in Craw
fordsville, Ind. For many years she
taught with success in Glendale and Rut
gers female colleges. She is the author
of Voice-Placing for Elocution; Speech
and Song; and teaches in New York city
the way to restore lost voices by her
methods.
BALDWIN, MATTHIAS WILLIAM, lo
comotive builder, was born Dec. 10, 1795.
Under the name of M. W. Baldwin and
Co. he started on a small scale the great
works which yet bear his name. In 1835
fourteen engines were produced, and the
next year forty, and the works now have
a capacity of 1,200 engines per year. He
died Sept. 7, 1866, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BALDWIN, MELVIN R., was born
April 12, 1838, in Windsor county, Vt. He
removed to Wisconsin in 1847; entered
Lawrence university
of Appleton in 1855;
studied law, and
then adopted civil
engineering as a
profession. He was
engaged on Chicago
and Northwestern
railway till April 19,
1861, when he en
listed as a private in
company E, second
Wisconsin infantry,
brigaded with the
Iron brigade. He was slightly wounded
at the first and severely wounded at the
second battle of Bull Run; and promoted
to captain of his company. He was cap
tured at Gettysburg and confined in Lib-
by, Charleston, and Columbia. He made
two escapes, but was recaptured, and was
finally exchanged after seventeen months'
imprisonment. He removed to Minnesota
in 1875, and has resided in Duluth since
1885; and president of Duluth chamber
of commerce since 1886. He twice de
clined congressional nomination; and was
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
democrat. At close of congressional term
he was appointed by President Cleveland
chairman of the Chippewa Indian com
mission, holding this position until 1897.
BALDWIN. RODERICK, soldier, jour
nalist, lawyer, was born May 17, 1833, in
Stanford, N. Y. In 1862 he enlisted as
first lieutenant in the one hundred and
twenty-ninth New York infantry, and
from 1863-64 was detailed judge advocate
of the military commission. In 1870 he
became editor and proprietor of the Stan
dard of Warrensburg, Mo.
BALDWIN, ROGER SHERMAN, law
yer, United States senator, was born Jan.
4, 1793, in New Haven, Conn. In
1837 he was elected
to the state sen
ate; re-elected in
1838, and chosen
president pro tern-
pore of that body;
and was a trustee of
Yale college in 1838
and 1839. In 1840
and 1841 he was a
representative in the
general assembly.
In 1844 and 1845 he
was governor of the
state; in 1847 was appointed, and in 184&
elected, to the United States senate by the
legislature of Connecticut, serving until
1851. He died Feb. 10, 1863. in New Ha
ven, Conn.
BALDWIN, SIMEON, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 14, 1761, in
Norwich, Conn. He was a representative
in congress from Connecticut from 1803
to 1805, and declined a re-election. In
1806 he was appointed, by the legislature,
associate judge of the superior court and
of the supreme court of errors, and held
the office until 1817. In 1822 he was chos
en by the general assembly one of the
commissioners to locate the Farmington
canal, and was made president of that
board. In 1826 he was elected mayor of
New Haven. He died May 26. 1851. in
New Haven, Conn.
BALDWIN, SIMEON EBEN, lawyer,
jurist, was born Feb. 5, 1840, in New Ha
ven, Conn. In 1872 he was professor of
constitutional law in Yale university. In
1893 he became associate judge of the su
preme court of errors of Connecticut.
During 1872-87 he was a member of va
rious state commissions for the revision
of laws on education, pleading, taxation
and general statutes. In 1890 he was
president of the American Bar associa
tion; president of the American Social
Science association in 1897; and during
1884-96 was president of the New Haven
Colony Historical society.
BALDWIN, THERON, missionary, was
born July 21, 1801, in Goshen, Conn. He
went as a missionary to Illinois in 1S29,
but in 1831 fie went east to solicit funds
for the Illinois college, opened in Jack
sonville. He was first principal of Mon-
ticello seminary. He died April 10. 1870,
in Orange, N. J.
BALDWIN, THOMAS, clergyman, was
born Dec. 23, 1753, in Bozrah, Conn. In
1773 he was elected to the Connecticut
state legislature; in 1790 was installed
pastor of the Second baptist church of
Boston; and in 1803 he published the
American Baptist Missionary Magazine.
He died Aug. 29, 1825, in Waterville.
Maine.
BALDWIN, WILLIAM ASHBRIDGE,
railroad president, was born June 28, 1835,
in Philadelphia. Pa. Since 1893 he has
been president of the Cleveland and Ma
rietta railway.
HKKKINGSHAWS KNC YCLOPKIJIA OK A.MKK1CAX BIOGRAPHY.
73
BALDWIN, W. H., railroad manager.
In 1888-90 he was general manager of the
Montana Union railway, of which he was
also president for a short time. He has
been assistant vice-president of the Union
Pacific railway at Omaha, Neb.; was gen
eral manager of the Flint and Pere Mar-
quette railroad during 1891-94; and since
1895 has been second vice-president of the
Southern railway at Washington, D. C.
BALDWIN, WILLIAM S., railroad man
ager, was born Jan. 18, 1833, in Clarke
county, Ga. Since 1852 he has been in the
railw.ay service; since 1885 has been
supervisor of the Louisville and Nash
ville railroad; and since 1889 supervisor
of the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West
railway at Sanford, Fla.
BALDWIN, WILLIAM W., railroad
president, was born Sept. 28, 1845, in
Keosauqua, Iowa. He is president of the
St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern rail
road; and also of the Chicago, Burling
ton and Kansas City railway.
BALDWIN, WINFRED, clergyman, was
born Feb. 11, 1851, in Blenheim. N. Y. In
1872 he graduated from the New York
Conference seminary; and six years later
from the Boston University School of
Theology. For eleven years he was a
member of the East Maine conference of
the methodist episcopal church; and
since 1889 has been a member of the
North Dakota conference.
BALES, ELISHA J., physician, was
born in 1850 in Xenia, Ohio. He grad
uated from the Cincinnati Medical and
Surgical college; and has attained emi
nence as a prominent physician of Pacific
Junction, Iowa, where be is United States
pension examiner, and examiner for the
New York Life and the Mutual Insurance
companies.
BALESTIER, CHARLES WOLCOTT,
author, was born Dec. 30, 1861, in Roches
ter, N. Y. He was an American writer
who established himself as a publisher in
London, and whose sister was married to
Rudyard Kipling, the novelist. He was
the author of A Fair Device; Life of
Blaine; A Victorious Defeat; Benefits
Forgot; The Naulahka, with Rudyard
Kipling, and A Common Story. He died
in 1891.
»
BALKE, JULIUS, manufacturer, was
born March 30, 1830, in Germany. In 1879
the New York billiard manufacturer. W.
II. Collender, joined his corporation, and
business has been conducted since then
by The Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co.
BALL, BYRON D., lawyer, state sena
tor, was born July 19, 1844, in Rochester,
N. Y. In 1871-72 he was state senator of
Michigan, and was chairman of the com
mittee of railroads. He was elected at
torney-general of Michigan in 1872 and
served up to 1874, when he resigned on
account of ill health. He built a block of
stores in Grand Rapids, and was inter
ested with his father in other enterprises.
BALL, CHARLES P., soldier, railroad
manager, was born Aug. 16, 1837, in Mont
gomery county, Ala. Since 1853 he has
been in the railroad service as civil en- *
gmeer and general manager. During 1857-
61 he attended the West Point academy,
and served with distinction in the confed
erate army during the civil war. Since
1888 he has been general manager of the
East and West railroad of Alabama at
Cartersville. Ga.
BALL, EDWARD, congressman was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from Ohio from 1853 to
1855, and was re-elected to the thirty-
fourth congress.
BALL, EPHRA1M, inventor, was born
Aug. 12, 1812, in Greentown, Ohio. The
Ohio Mower was invented by Mr. Ball in
1854, and afterward he devised the World
Mower and Reaper, and in 1858 the Buck
eye Machine was brought out, all of
which have sold extensively. He died
Jan. 1, 1872, in Canton, Ohio.
BALL, GEORGE HARVEY, clergyman,
college president, author, was born Dec.
7, 1819, In Canada. After graduating from
the divinity school of Lewiston, Maine,
he taught school in Ohio. For thirty
years he was pastor of the baptist church
in Buffalo, N. Y. ; for seven years was ed
itor of the Baptist Union of New York
city; and in 1892 became president of the
Keuka college, New York. He has al
ways taken a deep interest in govern
mental affairs, and was a member of the
first republican convention at Philadel
phia, which nominated John C. Fremont
for the presidency. He is the author of
several books, and has contributed exten
sively to periodical literature.
BALL, GEORGE W. I., lawyer, con
veyancer. He has been connected with
railroads as military agent and general
passenger and ticket agent; and since
1884 has been chief conveyancer of the
Pennsylvania railroad of Philadelphia, Pa.
BALL, HERMAN F.. civil engineer,
railroad manager, was born Dec. 17, 1867,
in Altoona, Pa. Since 1884 he has been
in the railroad service; has been chief
draftsman in the car department of the
Lake Shore and Michigan Southern rail
road at Cleveland, Ohio; and since 1894
has been general car inspector of that
company.
BALL, HOWARD J., railroad manager,
was born May 23, 1852, in Philadelphia,
Pa. Since 1863 he has been in the rail
road service; and since 1887 has been
general western passenger agent of the
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western rail
road at Buffalo, N. Y.
BALL, JOHN, lawyer, state legislator,
philanthropist, was born Nov. 12, 1794, in
Hebron, N. Y. In 1820 he graduated from
Dartmouth college; taught school for a
number of years; and from 1824 practiced
law. In 1837 he settled in Grand Rapids,
Mich.; in 1838 he was a representative in
the Michigan state legislature; and was
interested in schools, geology, lyceums
and other local enterprises. He died Feb.
5, 1884, in Grand Rapids, Mich., and willed
to that city forty acres of land, which is
now known as the John Ball Park.
BALL, R. T. MASON, naval officer. In
1880 he entered the navy; in 1881 joined
the Mayflower for a practice cruise with
naval cadets. In 1884 he joined the
monitor fleet and served two years; in
1885 joined the monitor Nantucket at
New York for experimental cruise; and
subsequently joined the United States
naval station at New London, Conn.
BALL. THOMAS, sculptor, was born
June 3, 1819, in Charlestown, Mass. In
early life he was a singer of basso parts
in oratorios, and a portrait painter in
Boston. About 1852 he devoted himself
to modeling, and made a miniature bust
of Jenny Lind, another of Daniel Web
ster, and a life-size statue of the states
man. His statue of Webster, in the Cen
tral park of New York city, is his noblest
work.
BALL, THOMAS H., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 14, 1859, in Hunts-
ville, Tex. He was educated in private
schools and Austin college, in his native
town; afterwards obtained practical busi-
ress training upon a farm and in the mer
cantile business: and served three terms
as mayor- of Huntsville. He attended lec
tures at the university of Virginia and
was elected president of the law class. He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
ofmocrat.
BALL, WILLIAM CREIGHTON, edu
cator, journalist, was born Dec. 27, 1846,
in Terre Haute, Ind. For many years he
taught school in his native city; and since
1872 has been proprietor and editor of
the Terre Haute Daily, Evening and
Weekly Gazette. He has always taken an
active part in public affairs, and is a
member of the Terre Haute board of park
commissioners.
BALL, WILLIAM LEE, congressman,
was born in 1779, in Lancaster county,
Va. He was a representative in congress
from that state from 1817 to 1824. He
died Feb. 28, 1824, in Washington, D. C.
BALLANCE, ROBERT, railroad man
ager, was born Dec. 22, 1850, in Canada.
Since 1866 he has been in the railway ser
vice as machinist to the Michigan Central
railroad; and since 1870 general man
ager of the machinist department of the
Burlington and Missouri River railroad at
Denver, Colo.
BALLANTINE, JOHN G., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born May 20, 1827,
in Pulaski, Tenn. He received a classical
education, graduating from the universi
ty of Nashville in 1845. He studied law;
graduated from Harvard law school in
1848; and was admitted to the bar. He
engaged in planting; removed to Missis
sippi in 1855, and to Memphis, Tenn., in
1860. He served in the confederate army
throughout the civil war; and was elected
a representative from Tennessee to the-
forty-eighth and forty-ninth congresses.
BALLANTINE, WILLIAM DUNCAN,
soldier, civil engineer, state legislator,
was born Feb. 21, 1837, near Whitesboro,
N. Y. He graduated from the Georgia
military institute of Marietta, and has
attained note as a successful mechanical
and hydraulic engineer. During the civil
war he was in the confederate service
and attained the rank of lieutenant colo
nel. He has been connected with various
railroads as master mechanic and hy
draulic engineer in Georgia and Florida.
For four years he was commander of the
first battalion Florida state troops; was
aid-de-camp on the governor's staff; ani
in 1897 he was elected a member of the
Florida state legislature from Fernandi-
na.
BALLANTINE, WILLIAM GAY, edu
cator college president, was born Dec. 7,
1848 in Washington, D. C. In 1875 he
was appointed professor of Greek in the
university of Indiana; and in 1891 was
elected president of Oberlin college
BALLANTYNE, REV. MARLIN J.,
educator, clergyman, poet, was born Aug.
30 1852, near Brookville, Pa. He re
ceived his education
in the public schools
and at Dayton Union
academy. For seven
years he taught
school, and for near-
ly twenty years has
been engaged in the
ministry. He is now
presiding elder of
the Oregon Confer-
ence of the United
Evangelical Church,
president of the La
Fayette seminary, and teacher of political
economy and ethics in the same institu
tion. He has contributed extensively
both prose and verse to the religious,
press.
HERRINQ8HAW8 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN KKiCHAl'HV
BALLARD, ANDREW JACKSON, law
yer, journalist, legislator, was born about
1817. In 1842-43 he represented the city
•of Louisville in the legislature. In 1871
he became the principal political editor
•of the Louisville Daily and Weekly Com
mercial.
BALLARD, ASA N., soldier, physician,
surgeon, was born Oct. 17, 1842, in Wil
mington, Ohio. During the civil war he
served with distinction in the forty-eighth
regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, and
•was lieutenant. For many years he was
superintendent of public schools in Illi
nois and Indiana, and principal of the
Ward school of Indianapolis. He is now
a successful physician of Birmingham,
Ala.; has been president of the Alabama
Homoeopathic association; anu president
of the board of pensions of examining sur
geons of Birmingham, Ala.
BALLARD, BLAND, pioneer, legislator,
was born Oct. 16, 1761, in Fredericksburg,
~Va. As a major of Kentucky volunteers
lie led an expedition against the British
and Indians at the river Raisin, in Michi
gan, in 1814, where he was wounded and
taken prisoner. He was for several terms
a member of the Kentucky legislature.
Eallard county, Ky., and Blandville, its
«apital, commemorate his services during
the early history of the state. He died
Sept. 5. 1853, in Shelby county, Ky.
BALLARD, BLAND W., soldier, pio
neer, legislator, was born Oct. 16, 1761, in
Fredericksburg, Va. He was a noted
pioneer; served In the war of 1812; and
repeatedly represented Shelby county in
the Kentucky legislature. He died Sept.
5, 1853.
BALLARD, EZRA H., educator, phy
sician, was born Nov. 18, 1843, in Helena,
N. Y. He received his education at the
public schools; Fort
Covington academy;
State Normal school
of Albany, N. Y.; and
in 1868 graduated
from the medical de
partment of the uni
versity of Michigan.
During 1871-73 he
served as superin
tendent of schools in
Emmet county,
Iowa; and again
during 1885-89. serv
ing nearly eight years. During 1874-79
lie was county treasurer; and since 1879
has given his whole attention to the prac
tice of medicine at Westerville. In 1888
he was elected a member of the educa
tional council, and has always taken an
active part in educational matters.
BALLARD, HARLAN HOGE, educator,
author, was born May 26, 1853, in Athens,
Ohio. He is the founder and president
of The Agassi z association, which was
•established in 1875 at Pittsfield, Mass. He
if the author of Three Kingdoms; One
Thousand Blunders of English Corrected;
World of Matter; and with the Hon. S.
Proctor Thayer was joint author of
Barnes' Readers, and the American Plant-
book.
BALLARD, HENRY, lawyer, lecturer,
orator, politician, was born April 20, 1839,
In Tinmouth, Vt. In 1861 he graduated
from the university of Vermont; and
from the Albany Law school In 1863. He
served one year in the civil war in the
fifth Vermont volunteer Infantry. He
has been city attorney of Burlington, Vt.;
and states attorney of his county. In
1888-89 he was a member of the Vermont
liouse of representatives, and a member
of the state senate in 1878-79. He was the
delegate from Vermont to the republican
national convention in 1884; and assist
ant secretary of the national republican
convention in 1888. He has filled many
positions of honor; was one of the char
ter members of the Vermont Commandery
of the Loyal Legion, and judge advocate
of G. A. R. for Vermont.
BALLARD, HENRY E., naval officer,
was born in 1785, in Maryland. He was a
lieutenant on board the U. S. frigate Con
stitution in her famous action with the
British cruisers Cyane and Levant in the
bay of Biscay in 1815. He died May 23,
1855, in Annapolis.
BALLARD, MINNIE C., journalist,
poet, was born in 1852, in Troy, Pa. Since
1873 she has been a constant contributor
of poetry and prose to current literature.
BALLARD, TILGHMAN E., journalist,
author, was born Nov. 11, 1850, in Boone
county, Ind. He received his education
at the Smithson college, and the DePauw
university. He is best known as a law
writer, and president of the Ballard Pub
lishing company of Crawforclsville, Ind.
He is the author of Ballards' Real Estate
Statutes of Indiana; Ballards' Real Es
tate Statutes of Kentucky; Ballards' Ohio
Law of Real Property; and various other
works.
BALL1NGER, RICHARD ACHILLES,
lawyer, jurist, author, was born July 9,
1858, in Boonesboro, Iowa. In 1884 he
graduated from the
Williams college,
Mass.; having previ
ously prepared for
college at the state
university of Kan
sas, and Washburn
college of Topeka.
He has been emin
ently successful as a
lawyer; acted as U.
S. commissioner in
1890-92, under ap
pointment of Dis
trict U. S. Judge Hanford of Washington;
and has held the high office of judge of
superior court for Jefferson county, Wash.
He is the author of Ballinger on Com
munity Property, a law publication cov
ering the property rights of married
persons in several of the coast and south
ern states; and also author of Ballinger's
Annotated Code and Statutes of Washing
ton.
BALLOU, AARON BRYON, physician,
scientist, was born July 29, 1831, in Eagle
Harbor, N. Y. He is a distinguished
scientist and owns one of the best indi
vidual geological and mineralogical col
lections in the state of Indiana.
BALLOU, MRS. ADDIE LUCIA, artist,
poet, was born April 29, 1837, in Chagrin
Falls, Ohio. She is a successful artist,
journalist, and speaker of San Francisco,
Cal., in which city she is president of the
Nationalist club.
BALLOU, ADIN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1803 in Rhode Island. He
was a universalist clergyman of Milford,
Mass., and the author of Christian Non-
Resistance Defended; Treatise on Spirit
Manifestations; Primitive Christianity
and its Corruptions; and History of the
Town of Milford. He died in 1890.
BALLOU, AURELIA A., writer, poet,
was born in Hannibal, Mo. She is the
author of over one thousand letters writ
ten to prominent newspapers, the first
being written in 1859, and dated Florence,
Italy. She has also contributed many
meritorious poems to current literature,
and her productions appear in Poets of
America and other standard works.
BALLOU. DANIEL R., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Aug. 6, 1837, in Smith-
field, R. I. He received his education in
the schools of Rhode
Island and the
Brown university.
During the civil war
he served as a union
soldier in the twelfth
regiment of the
Rhode Island volun
teer infantry and
was promoted lieu
tenant; also was
colonel in the Rhode
Island militia. He
has served as a
member of the Rhode Island general as
sembly from Smithfield and Providence.
He has been a member of the city council
of Providence, and president of the board
of aldermen. He has attained promin
ence as an able lawyer, and is the senior
member of the law firm of Ballon and
Tower of Providence, R. I.
BALLOU, DANIEL W., soldier, journal
ist, was born Feb. 26, 1837, in Cuyahoga
Falls, Ohio. He served as a union soldier
in company K, tenth regiment Illinois in
fantry. He participated in fifteen engage
ments, and his dash and bravery became
proverbial in the army. He carried an
unextricable rebel bullet in his lungs for
twenty-three years, and finally died from
its effects March 9, 1885, in Oakland, Cal.
BALLOU, ELI, D. D., clergyman, jour
nalist, was born Dec. 1, 1808, in Leroy,
N. Y. From 1840 to 1870 he was the owner
and editor of the universalist periodical,
entitled The Christian Repository. He
died March 12, 1883.
BALLOU, FREDERICK MILTON,
manufacturer, legislator, was born June
21, 1818, in Cumberland, R. I. He was a
successful woolen manufacturer and rep
resented the city of Baltimore in the state
legislature in 1870 and 1883, and for three
years was a member of the city council.
He died in 1889.
BALLOU, HENRY LATIMER, financier,
legislator, was born Oct. 14, 1841, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He is a successful financier
and treasurer of various banks and socie
ties. He was elected to the Rhode Island
state senate in 1888.
BALLOU, HOSEA, clergyman, author,
was born April 30, 1771, in Richmond, N.
H. He is justly regarded as the most
distinguished Ballou
in America, and two
separate volumes
have been published
to commemorate his
celebrity. He was
the author of a trea
tise on Atonement;
Notes on the Para
bles, and other re
ligious works. He
was the founder of
universalism, and
established the first
newspaper devoted to this doctrine. Af
ter sixty years of public service, he died
June 7, 1852, in Boston, Mass.
' BALLOU, HOSEA, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 18, 1796, in Halifax, Vt. He
uas a universal 1st clergyman and the first
president of Tufts college in 1854-61. He
was the author of Ancient History of Uni
versalism. He died May 27. 1861, in
Somerville, Mass.
BALLOU, HOSEA, farmer, merchant,
genealogist, was born July 12, 1827, In
Fenner, N. Y. He is a successful busi
ness man. and aided greatly in collecting
historical data for the genealogy of the
Ballon family.
HERRINGSHAWS KNCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
75
BALLOU, HOSEA STARR, banker, was
born Feb. 9, 1857, in North Orange, Mass.
He graduated from the Harvard universi
ty and the university of Berlin, and is a
successful financier and banker of Bos
ton, Mass.
BALLOU, LATIMER WHIFFLE, finan
cier, banker, legislator, author, was born
March 1, 1812, in Cumberland, R. I. He
commenced life as a
printer, and was one
of the founders of
the Cambridge Press,
with which he re
mained for seven
years. In 1850 he
became treasurer
and bank cashier of
the Woonsoeket In
stitution for Savings,
the deposits of which
institution rose to
five million dollars
under his sagacious and judicious man
agement. He has always taken a deep
interest in public affairs; was presiden
tial elector in 1860; delegate from Rhode
Island to the national republican conven
tion in 1872; elected a representative in
congress in 1874, receiving the re-election
the two succeeding terms, and filled that
office with distinction. He is the author
of the Ballou Genealogy, a work which re
flects great honor on himself and his de
scendants.
BALLOU, MATURIN MURRAY, pub
lisher, author, was born April 14, 1820, in
Boston, Mass., and a son of H. Ballou,
2nd. He is the founder and editor of sev
eral periodicals in Boston which bore his
name, and, in h}s later years, a traveler
to all parts of the world. He is the au
thor of History of Cuba; Life of Hosea
Kallou; Due West, or Round the World
in Ten Months; Due South, or Cuba Past
and Present; Due North: Glimpses of
Scandinavia and Russia; Under the
Southern Cross: Travels in Australia,
Tasmania, New Zealand, etc.; Alaska:
The New Eldorado; Aztec Land; The
Story of Malta; The Pearl of India, a
description of Ceylon; Equatorial Ameri
ca, a description of visits to the Lesser
Antilles and to South American capitals;
jind Footprints of Travel.
BALLOU, MOSES, clergyman, author,
was born March 24, 1811, in Monroe, Mass.
He was a nephew of H. Ballou, 1st, and,
like him, a universalist clergyman. He
was the author of The Divine Character
Vindicated. He died May 19, 1879, in
Atco, N. J.
BALLOU, NAHUM ENON, physician,
scientist, author, was born Sept. 16, 1822,
in Plymouth, N. Y. He has been a student
of meteorology for nearly half a century,
and is the author of a number of works
on that subject. Since 1863 he has been
United States pension surgeon, being now
one of the oldest in the service.
BAfcLOU, OREN ALDRICH, manufac
turer, legislator, was born Aug. 22, 1813
in Cumberland, R. I. He was a successful
manufacturer and represented the city of
Providence in the state legislature in
1867-78. He died Feb. 21, 1877.
BALLOU. PHINEAS DODGE, legisla
tor, was born March 3, 1823, in Starks-
borough. Vt. For two terms he was
mayor of Burlington, Vt., and served as a
member in the Vermont state legislature.
He died Jan. 16, 1877, in Deadwood, N. D.
BALLOU, SULLIVAN, soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, was born March 28, 1827,
in Smithfield, R. I. He was a successful
lawyer; became a member of the Rhode
Island house of representatives, and was
unanimously chosen speaker. He was
one of the most prominent men of his
native state; and lost his life at the dis
astrous battle of Bull Run.
BALSLEY, ALFRED H., journalist,
was born Dec. 15, 1828, in Pittsburg, Pa.
In 1853 he purchased the Grand Rivor
Record; in 1876 purchased the Jeffer-
sonian; and was also the proprietor of
the Attica Journal and the Carey Times
of Ohio.
BALTES, PETER JOSEPH, clergyman,
author, was born April 7, 1827, in Ba
varia. He studied at the college of the
Holy Cross, Worcester, Mass., at St. Ig
natius college, Chicago, and at Lavalle
university, Montreal, and was ordained
priest in 1853, and consecrated bishop of
Alton in 1870. He was the author of Pas
toral Instruction. He died Feb. 15, 1886,
in Alton, 111.
BALTZER, HERMAN R., merchant,
was born Feb. 16, 1826, in Germany. He
has been Russian vice-consul in New
York city, and was a member of a Euro
pean banking house. Mr. Baltzer is a di
rector of the Germania Life Insurance
company, and vice-president of the Colo
rado Central Consolidated Mining com
pany of New York city.
BAMPFIELD, SAMUEL JONES, law
yer, journalist, legislator, was born Dec.
5, 1849, in Charleston, S. C. He received
his education at the Lincoln university of
Chester county, Pa. In 1874 he was ad
mitted to the bar by the supreme court;
was a member of the state legislature of
South Carolina in 1874-76; and clerk of
the circuit court during 1876-96. In 1897
he was appointed postmaster of Beaufort,
S. C.; and since 1888 has been the editor
and proprietor of The New South.
BANCROFT, AARON, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 10, 1755, in Reading,
Pa. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
Worcester, Mass., in 1785-1839, and was
prominent in the earlier days of the uni-
tarian movement as a writer in its be
half. He was the author of Sermons on
the Doctrines of the Gospel; and A Life
of Washington. He died Aug. 19, 1839, in
Worcester, Mass.
BANCROFT, EDWARD, physician, au
thor, was born Jan. 9, 1744, in Westfleld.
Mass. He was a physician who resided
chiefly in London, where he was supposed
to have been a spy of the English gov
ernment during the American revolution.
He was the author of Natural History of
Guiana; Researches Concerning the Phi
losophy of Permanent Colors; Charles
Wentworth: a Novel; and several politi
cal works. He died Sept. 8, 1820, in Eng
land.
BANCROFT, MRS. FLORENCE MAI,
poet. She is a successful writer of Lex
ington, Neb.; and the author of a num
ber of meritorious poems.
BANCROFT, GEORGE, historian, was
^orn Oct. 3, 1800, in Worcester, Mass. He
commenced his education at Exeter
academy, N. H., and
graduated at Cam
bridge university in
1817. In 1818 he vis
ited Europe, studied
atGottingenand Ber
lin, and traveled
extensively. In 1823
he published a vol
ume of poems; in
1824 a translation
of Heeren's Politics
of Greece; and be
came a frequent con
tributor to the North American and other
reviews. On his return from Europe he
spent one year as a tutor at Harvard;
and was at the head of the Round Hill
school at Northampton. From 1838 to
1841 he was collector of the port of Bos
ton, appointed by President Van Buren;
in 1844 was an unsuccessful candidate for
the governorship of Massachusetts; in
1845 was appointed secretary of the navy;
and in 1846 was appointed minister to
Great Britain, remaining there until 1849.
On his return settled in New York and
became an active member of various
learned societies. In 1844 he published the
first volume of his History of the United
States, which now contains twelve
volumes; in 1855 published his Literary
and Historical Miscellanies; in 1865, by
invitation of congress, delivered, in the
capitol an oration on the death of Abra
ham Lincoln; and in 1867 was appointed
minister to Prussia. He died in 1891.
BANCROFT, HUBERT HOWE, publish
er author, was born May 5, 1832, in Gran-
ville, Ohio. Early in life he moved to San
Francisco, Cal., and
there opened the
first book store on
the Pacific coast. He
subsequently added
a publishing estab
lishment, which has
become the largest
publishing house
west of New York
city. He has im
pressed himself upon
the literature of the
nineteenth century,
by a colossal work entitled History of the
Pacific States of North America, includ
ing Central America, Mexico, California,
Oregon and British Columbia, in thirty-
nine volumes. He is also the author of
The Native Races of the Pacific States, in
five volumes; The Early American
Chroniclers; Popular History of the Mexi
can People; Literary Industries, an au
tobiography; The Book of the Fair; and
Wealth of Nations.
BANCROFT, LUCIUS W., educator,
clergyman, was born Aug. 27, 1827, in
Worcester, Mass. In 1862 he was pro
fessor of divinity in Kenyon college,
Gambier, Ohio; for five years professor
in the divinity school of Philadelphia,
Pa.; and has filled pastorates in the epis
copal churches of South Brooklyn, N. Y.
BANCROFT, WILLIAM L., was born
Aug. 12, 1825, in Martinsburg, N. Y. In
1859 he was a representative; in 1865 a
.senator of the Michigan state legislature,
and was secretary of the state senate in
1849. He has been a democratic nominee
for congress and for secretary of state. He
was the first mayor of Port Huron, Mich.,
and has been postmaster of that city.
BANDELIER, ADOLPH FRANCIS AL-
PHONSE, archaeologist, author, was born
Aug. -6, 1840, in Switzerland. He is the
author of The Art of War and Mode of
Warfare; Tenure of Land and Inherit
ances of the Ancient Mexicans; Historical
Introduction to Studies among the Seden
tary Indians of New Mexico; Archaeolog
ical Tour in Mexico in 1881; and The De
light Makers, a novel of Pueblo Indian
Life.
BANES, CHARLES H., soldier, author,
was born Oct. 24, 1831, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He served through the civil war, and at
tained the rank of lieutenant-colonel in
1864. He is the author of a volume en
titled History of the Philadelphia Brig
ade.
BANGS, FRANCIS C., actor, was born
in October, 1837, in Virginia. His first ap
pearance on the stage was in November,
1852, in the Old National theater, Wash
ington, D. C.
76
HKKRINGSHAWS K.XCYCI.UPKDI A OF AMERICAN BIOGRAI'IiY.
BANGS. FRANCIS NEHEMIAH, law
yer, was born Feb. 23, 1828, in New York
city. He was one of the original members
of the Bar association of New York, and
was its president in 1882 and 1883. He
was one of the originators of the Union
League club in New York city. He died
Nov. 30, 1885, in Ocala, Fla.
BANGS, JOHN KENDRICK, journalist,
author, was born in 1862 in New York. He
is a humorous writer of Yonkers, N. Y.,
and one of the founders of Life. He is the
author of Three Weeks in Politics; Coffee
and Repartee; The Idiot; The Water
Ghost; Mr. Bonaparte of Corsica; A
House Boat on the Styx; The Bicy
clers and Other Farces; Toppleton's
Client; and A Rebellious Heroine.
BANGS, NATHAN, clergyman, author,
was born May 2, 1778, in Stratford, Conn.
He was an active methodist theologian
and controversialist, very prominent in
the literary history of his church and a
most prolific writer. Among his works
are comprised History of the Methodist
Episcopal Church to 1840; Errors of Hop-
kinsianism; Life of Arminius; Letters to
a Young Preacher; Letters on Sanctiflca-
tion; and Methodist Episcopacy. He died
May 3, 1862, in New York city.
BANIGAN, JOSEPH, manufacturer, was
born June 7, 1839, in Ireland. He organ
ized The Woonsocket Rubber company in
1866, and has ever since been its president
and general manager, making his home in
Providence, R. I.
BANISTER, JOHN, congressman. He
was a delegate from Virginia to the con
tinental congress from 1778 to 1779, and
signed the articles of confederation.
BANISTER, JOHN, botanist, author,
was born in 16 — in England. He was a
Virginia botanist who assisted the Eng
lish naturalist, John Ray, and was the
author of Observations on the Natural
Productions of Jamaica; Insects of Vir
ginia; Curiosities of Virginia; The Un
seen Lupus; and The Pistolochia, or Ser-
pentaria Virginiana. The genus Banis-
teria was named in his honor. He died
in 1692 in Virginia.
BANISTER, JOHN, soldier, legislator,
was born in Virginia. He was a member
of the state assembly, and of the conti
nental congress from 1778 to 1779. In
1781. as lieutenant-colonel of Virginia
cavalry, he took an active part in repelling
the British from his state. He died 1787
in Hatchers Run, Va.
BANKARD, HENRY NICHOLAS, busi
ness man, was born Dec. 23, 1834, in Balti
more, Md. He published a paper which
was strongly commended for its breadth
of view and its force of statement. He
was one of the founders of the real es
tate exchange of Baltimore, and is also
director of the Taxpayer association.
BANKHEAD, JOHN H., farmer, soldier,
congressman, was born Sept. 13, 1842, in
Lamar, Ala. He is a farmer; served four
years in the confederate army, being
wounded three times, and represented
Marion county in the general assembly,
sessions of 1865, 1866, and 1867; he was
a member of the state senate in 1876-77,
and of the house of representatives in
1880-81. He was warden of the Alabama
penitentiary from 1881 till 1885, and was
elected to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-
second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-
fifth congresses as a democrat.
BANKHEAD. JOHN PINE, naval offi
cer, was born Aug. 3, 1821, in South Caro
lina. He entered the navy as a midship
man; was made a lieutenant in 1852; com
mander in' 1862; and captain in 1866. He
died April 27. 1867, in Arabia.
BANKS, EUGENE, lawyer, poet. He is
a successful lawyer of Chicago, 111., and the
author of a volume of poems entitled
Where Brooks Go Softly.
BANKS, GARDNER, soldier, was born
in Waltham, Mass. At the beginning of
the civil war he raised a company for the
sixteenth Massachusetts regiment, in
which he rose to the rank of colonel in
1862. Gen. Hooker said, in a letter to
Governor Andrew: There is no doubt
but at Glendale the sixteenth Massachu
setts saved the army. He died July 9,
1871, in Waltham, Mass.
BANKS, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, was born in 1793 in Juniata county,
Pa. ' He received a classical education;
studied law; came to the bar in 1819, and
settled in the western part of the state.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1831 to 1836, when he
resigned to accept the appointment of
president judge of the third judicial dis
trict of the state. He died April 3, 1864,
in Reading.
BANKS, LINN, congressman, was born
in Virginia. He was for twenty success
ive years speaker of the house of delegates
of that state. He was a representative in
congress from Virginia from 1838 to 1842.
He was drowned Feb. 24, 1842, in Madison
county, Va.
BANKS, LOUIS ALBERT, clergyman,
was born in 1855 in Oregon. He is a
prominent methodist clergyman and the
author of The Saloon Keeper's Ledger, a
Series of Temperance Discourses; The
Fisherman and his Friends; Common
Folks' Religion; Revival Quiver, a Rec
ord of Revival Campaigns; The People's
Christ; White Slaves, or the Oppression
of the Worthy Poor; The Honeycombs
of Life; and Christ and His Friends.
BANKS, MARY ROSS, author, was
born March 4, 1846, in Macon, Ga. Her
literary fame was attained principally
through her book entitled Bright Days on
the Old Plantation, which was published
in 1882.
BANKS, MAUD, actress, after a course
of study and training at the New York
school of acting, went upon the stage in
1886, making her first appearance at Ports
mouth, N. H., in the character of Par-
thenia in lugomar.
BANKS, NATHANIEL P., legislator,
governor, was born in 1816 in Waltham,
Mass. He worked in a cotton factory; lec
tured in public; edit
ed a country newspa
per; held a custom
house position; prac
ticed law; in 1849
and 1851 was sent to
the state legislature;
in 1852 was member
of congress; in 1853
presided over the
state constitutional
convention; was
three times elected
governor of his
state; was president of the I. C. R. R. in
1860; served brilliantly as commander in
(ho Union army, and was several times
re-elected to congress. He died in 1894.
BANNEKER, BENJAMIN, astronomer,
was born Nov. 9, 1731, at Ellicott's Mills,
Md. He was an astronomer and mathe
matician of African descent, who assisted
in the original survey of the District of
Columbia and published an astronomical
almanac 1792-1806. He died in October,
1806, in Baltimore, Md.
BANNING, EPHRAIM, lawyer, was
born July 21, 1849, near Biishnell, 111. He
received his education at the public
schools and the academy at Brookfleld,
the following year opened a law office. He-
has made a specialty of patent and trade
mark law, and is one of the best known
lawyers in bis branch of profession in Chi
cago. In 1896 he was a presidential
elector, and in 1897 was appointed by
Governor Tanner a member of the state
board of charities.
BANNING, HENRY B., general, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 10, 1834, in.
Mount Vernon, Ohio. He received an
academic education; studied and practiced
law at Mount Vernon, Ohio, until 1861,
when he enlisted as a private soldier; rose
to the rank of brevet major-general. He
represented Knox county in the Ohio leg
islature in 1866 and 1867; removed to
Cincinnati in the year 1869, where he re
sumed the practice of law. He was elect
ed to the forty-third, forty-fourth and for
ty-fifth congresses.
BANNISTER, E. M., artist, was born
in 1833, in Andrews, New Brunswick. He
studied art at the Lowell institute, Boston,
and spent the greater part of his profes
sional life there. In 1871 he removed to-
Providence, R. I. He has contributed reg
ularly to the Boston Art club exhibitions.
His picture Under the Oaks was awarded
a first-class medal at the centennial ex
hibition of 1876.
BANTA, MELISSA E., poet, was born.
March 27, 1834, in Cincinnati. Ohio; has
attained prominence in literature, and her
poems have been given a place in several
standard publications. She is the wife of
Judge Banta, of Bloomington, Ind.
BANVARD, JOHN, artist, author, poet,
was born about 1820, in New York. He
was an artist and poet whose famous
"nanorama of the Mississippi covered three
miles of canvas. He wrote much indiffer
ent verse, and published books of a mis
cellaneous nature. He was the author of
Amasis, the Last of the Pharaohs, after
ward dramatized by him; Carrinia: a
Drama; Description of the Mississippi
River; Pilgrimage to the Holy Land; The
Private Life of a King; A Tradition of
the Temple, and a Poem. He died in 1891.
BANVARD, JOSEPH, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 9, 1810, in New York
city, and a brother of John Banvard. He
was a baptist clergyman of Massachu
setts, who beside contributing somewhat
largely to Sunday-school literature wrote
much in other directions. He is the au
thor of Romance of American History;
Plymouth and the Pilgrims; Novelties of
the New World, or Adventures and Dis
coveries of the First Explorers; Tragic
Scenes in the History of Maryland; The
American Statesman, a Memoir of Web
ster; Southern Explorers; Soldiers and
Patriots of the Revolution; and Priscilla.
BARAGA, FRIEDRIC, missionary, au
thor, was born June 29, 1797. He was a
Roman Catholic missionary who came to
America in 1830 from Austria, and
became bishop of Sault Ste. Marie
in 1852. He devoted himself to
mission work among the Chippewa or
Ojibway Indians, and beside writing sev
eral books in their tongue prepared a
Grammar and Dictionary of the Otchipe-
we Language. He died Jan. 19, 1868, in
Marquette, Mich.
BARBE, WAITMAN, lecturer, journal
ist, author, poet, was born Nov. 19, 1863,
in Morgantown, W. Va. He is the editor
of the Daily State Journal of Parkersburg,
W. Va., and the author of Ashes and In
cense, a volume of poems containing
gems of rare genius; and a volume of
short stories, entitled In the Virginias.
He has also attained prominence as a
lecturer before schools and colleges on
Mo. He moved to Chicago in 1871, and literary and educational subjects.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
77
BARBEE, WILLIAM J., educator,
•clergyman, physician, author, was born in
1816 in Winchester, Ky. He was educated
at Miami university, Oxford, Ohio, and
studied medicine with Dr. Drake, of Cin-
•cinnati, where he practiced from 1836 to
1846. He afterward taught school in Ken
tucky, Tennessee, and Missouri, and also
became a preacher of the Christian or
•Campbellite denomination. He is the au
thor of Physical and Moral Aspects of
Geology (Philadelphia, 1869); .The Cot
ton Question; The Scriptural Doctrine of
Confirmation; Life of the Apostle Peter,
and other works.
BARBER, AMZI LORENZO, capitalist,
was born June 22, 1843, at Saxton's River,
Vt. In 1867 he graduated from Oberlin
college with the de
gree of A. B.; and
_^ in 1868 took charge
if £^ of the preparatory
department of the
Howard university
of Washington. In
1887 he resigned
from the professor
ship to engage in
the real estate busi
ness; and since 1878
has been identified
with asphalt pave
ment. He is president of the Barber As
phalt Pavement company; president of
the celebrated Trinidad Asphalt com
pany; and their asphalt pavements are
used in the principal cities of the United
States. He is one of the foremost busi
ness men of Washington, D. C.
BARBER, FRANCIS, soldier, was born
in 1751. in Princeton, N. J. In 1767 he
graduated from Princeton college; and
during 1769-76 he conducted an academy
in Elizabethtown, N. J. He served with
distinction through the revolutionary war,
and attained the rank of adjutant general.
He was accidentally killed by a falling
tree Feb. 11, 1783, in Newburg.
BARBER, GEORGE FRANKLIN, archi
tect, was born July 30, 1854, in DeKalb,
111. He is well known as an architect of
Knoxville, Tenn.; and a writer on archi
tectural subjects.
BARBER, GERSHOM M., soldier, edu
cator, lawyer, jurist, was born Oct. 2,
1823, in Cayuga county, N. Y. He was
professor in Baldwin institute four years
and principal two years. He served in
the civil war and rose to the rank of
brigadier-general. In 1873 he was elected
judge of the superior court of Cleveland;
in 1875 served on the bench of the court
of common pleas; and served two terms
as a member of the city council of Cleve
land, Ohio.
BARBER, HIRAM, lawyer, congress
man, was born March 24, 1835, in Warren
county, N. Y. He removed to Wisconsin
in 1846, and was educated at the State
university at Madison; studied law and
was admitted to the bar. He was district
attorney of Jefferson county, Wis., in
1861-62; was assistant attorney general of
the state in 1865-66; and in 1866 moved to
Chicago, 111. He was elected a represen
tative from Illinois to the forty-sixth con
gress.
BARBER, HOMER G., business man,
state senator, was born in 1830, in Benson,
Vt. He removed to Vermontville, Mich.,
and became a merchant, and in 1871 en
gaged in banking. In 1871-72 he was state
senator from Eaton and Barry counties.
In 1861 he was appointed postmaster of
Vermontville, and held that position
eleven years.
BARBER, ISAAC, physician, surgeon,
: state senator, was born Sept. 4, 1854, at
Forty Fort, Pa. He is a physician by pro
fession. He studied medicine, and grad
uated from the university of Pennsylvania
in 1879. He served as medical director of
the Metropolitan Life Insurance com
pany in New York city for one year, and
located at Phillipsburg, N. J., in 1880. In
1897 he was elected a member of the
New Jersey state senate, and has since
continued in active practice.
BARBER, ISAAC AMBROSE, physician,
business man, legislator, congressman,
was born Jan. 26, 1852, near Salem, N. J.
He graduated from the Hahnemann medi
cal college of Philadelphia, Pa. In 1873
he moved to Easton, Md.; practiced medi
cine for fifteen years; and since that time
has been engaged in milling. He has
been president of the Farmers' and Mer
chants National bank of Easton, Md. ;
was a member of the Maryland state legis
lature in 1895-96; and in 1896 was elected
a member of the fifty-fifth congress.
BARBER, J. ALLEN, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Georgia. Vt. He ob
tained a liberal education at the univer-
sity of Vermont;
studied law and was
admitted to practice
in 1833. In 1837 he
removed to the ter
ritory of Wisconsin;
and was a member of
the first constitution
al convention of
Wisconsin in 1846.
He was elected to
the state assembly in
1852, 1853, and 1863,
serving the last year
as speaker. He was elected to the state
senate in 1856 and 1857; was elected to
the forty-second and forty-third con
gresses; and served with ability on nu
merous important committees.
BARBER, JOHN JAY, soldier, lawyer,
artist, was born Sept. 21, 1840, in San-
dusky, Ohio. He studied law, was admitted
to the bar in 1862; joined the volunteer
army in 1863; returned sick, and upon re
covery determined to devote himself to
painting. He received no instruction in
art, but settled in Columbus, Ohio, in
1871, and opened a studio. He devoted
himself at first to landscapes, delineating
scenes in the Muskingum valley. Subse
quently he executed cattle pieces, and after
1881 exhibited in the National academy in
New York.
BARBER, JOHN WARNER, author,
was born Feb. 2, 1798, in Windsor, Conn.
He was an industrious annalist whose
compilations, though of slight literary
merit, are valuable as historical material
not so readily accessible elsewhere. He
is the author of Historical Collections of
Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York,
New Jersey, Virginia, and Ohio, the four
last being prepared with the assistance of
Henry Howe; History of New Haven;
Elements of General History; and His
torical Scenes in the United States. He
died in June, 1885, in New Haven, Conn.
BARBER, LEVI, congressman, was born
in Litchfield county, Conn. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Ohio from
1817 to 1819, and again from 1821 to 1823.
BARBER, MARY AUGUSTINE, educa
tor, was born in 1789, in Newtown, Conn.
She entered the visitation convent of
Georgetown in 1818 with her four daugh
ters. She was a woman of superior edu
cation, and the convent and school pro
gressed rapidly during her residence. In
1836 she founded a convent of the visita
tion in Kaskaskia, 111., where she re
mained until 1844. She died in 1860, in
Mobile, Ala.
BARBER, NOYES, merchant, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 28, 1781, in
Groton, Conn. He was in early life a
merchant, but a lawyer by profession;
and was a representative in congress
from his native state from 1821 to 1835.
He died Jan. 3, 1845, in Groton, Conn.
BARBER, OTHO C., president of the
Diamond Match company, was born April
20, 1841, in Middlebury, N. Y. In 1880,
The Barber Match
company, of which
he was at the head,
was making over
one-fourth of the
matches manufac
tured in the United
States. About this
time, Mr. Barber saw
the advantages of
consolidating a num
ber of the leading
manufactories, and
instead of thirty
factories being required for their manu
facture, ninety per cent, of the matches
in America are now manufactured in five
factories. In 1889 The American Straw
Board company was organized with $6,-
000,000 capital, with Mr. Barber as presi
dent, in which position he served until
1894. In 1891 Mr. Barber and associates
founded the town of Barberton, Ohio. He
is president of The Ohio Tube company,
of Warren, Ohio, and of The Barberton
Belt Line Railroad company.
BARBER, WILLIAM ALEXANDER,
lawyer, was born Sept. 10, 1869, in Chester,
county, S. C. In 1889 he graduated with
distinction from the South Carolina col
lege, and received the degrees of A. B.
and LL. B. In 1894 he was elected attor
ney general of South Carolina, and in
1896 received the re-election without op
position.
HARBOUR, G. L., author, poet. He is
the author of The End of Time; and his
poems have appeared in numerous col
lections.
BARBOUR, GEORGE HARRISON,
manufacturer, was born June 26, 1843, in
Collinsville, Conn. He is the president
and general manager
of the Michigan
Stove company;
first president of the
Chamber of Com
merce; president of
the Manufacturing
club; director of the
Buck Stove and
Range company, of
St. Louis, Mo.; ex-
president of the Na
tional Association
Stove manufactory;
and served as president of the city coun
cil of Detroit in 1888. He has taken an
active part in the business and public af
fairs of his city and state; and has been
foremost in various public improvements
and charitable works.
BARBOUR. JAMES, state senator, gov
ernor, was born June 10, 1775, in Orange
county, Va. He was speaker of the house
of delegates, and governor of that state;
and was a senator in congress from 1815
to 1825. He was appointed secretary of
war in 1825, and minister to England In
1828. He died June 8, 1842, in Orange
county, Va.
BARBOUR, JOHN HUMPHREY, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born in
1854, in Cincinnati, Ohio. He is an epis
copal clergyman, professor of New Tes
tament interpretation at the Berkeley
Divinity school of Middletown, Conn.; and
the author of Beginnings of the Historic
Episcopate.
78
HERRINO8HAW8 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAl'HY.
HARBOUR, JOHN S., congressman,
was born Aug. 8, 1790, in Culpeper coun
ty, Va. He was in early life a member of
the state legislature; from 1823-33 a mem
ber of congress from Virginia; member of
the constitutional convention in 1829-30;
and again in the state legislature in 1833-
34. He died Jan. 12, 1855, in Culpeper
county, Va.
HARBOUR, JOHN S., lawyer, congress
man, United States senator, was born
Bee. 29, 1820, in Culpeper county, Va.
He began the practice of law in his na
tive county of Culpeper; was elected to
the legislature of Virginia from Culpeper
county in 1847, and was re-elected, serving
four consecutive sessions. He was elected
president of the railroad company then
called the Orange and Alexandria Rail
road company in 1852, and served in that
position until it was merged into what is
now known as the Virginia Midland Rail
road company, of which he was president
till he resigned, in 1883. He was elected
to the forty-seventh, forty-eighth, and
forty-ninth congresses, and was elected to
the United States senate, serving during
1889-95.
HARBOUR, JOSEPH L., lawyer, legis
lator. From 1877 to 1884 he was prosecut
ing attorney of Hartford, Conn. He is a
popular member of the Connecticut state
legislature and the speaker of the house.
HARBOUR, LUCIEN, educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 4, 1811, in
Canton, Conn. He was appointed, by
President Polk, United States district at
torney; acted a number of times as ar
bitrator between the state of Indiana and
private corporations; and in 1852 was ap
pointed a commissioner to prepare a code
of practice for the state. He was a rep
resentative from Indiana in the thirty-
fourth congress.
HARBOUR, LUCIUS ALBERT, manu
facturer, was born Jan. 26, 1846, in Madi
son, Ind. In 1882 he became identified
with The Willimantic Linen Co., a
concern organized in 1854, which was the
first to make all sizes of six-cord spool
cotton from the raw material, and is now
president and treasurer of that great in
dustry.
BARBOUR, OLIVER LORENZO, law
yer, author, was born July 12, 1811, In
Cambridge, N. Y. He was an eminent
lawyer of New York state; and the au
thor of Equity Digest; Criminal Law;
The Law of Set-Off ; Practice of the Court
of Chancery; and Summary of the Law
of Parties to Actions at Law, and many
legal reports. He died Dec. 18, 1889, In
Saratoga Springs, N. Y.
BARBOUR, PHILIP P., lawyer, jurist,
legislator, congressman, was born May 25,
1783, in Orange county, Va. He was a
member of congress from Virginia from
1814-25 and 1827-30; speaker of the house
of representatives, in 1821; and in 1825
was appointed judge of the eastern dis
trict of Virginia. In 1836 he was ap
pointed associate judge of the supreme
court of the United States. He died Feb.
25, 1841, in Washington city.
BARBOUR, ROBERT, manufacturer.
With his brother Thomas he established
the industry in Paterson, N. J., under the
name of The Harbour Flax Spinning
Co., Robert being president of the com
pany.
BARBOUR, THOMAS, manufacturer,
was born July 9, 1832, In Ireland. In
1865 The Barbour Flax Spinning Co.
was established, with mills in Paterson,
Thomas Barbour becoming president un
til 1875, when Robert was elected presi
dent and Thomas vice-president and
treasurer. He died Jan. 19, 1885.
BARBOZA, MARY GARNET, mission
ary, was born Jan. 17, 1845, in Troy, N. Y.
In 1881 her father was appointed United
States missionary to Liberia, and she ac
companied him to Africa. She visited the
United States and England and secured
many friends for the two hundred native
children that composed her native school.
She died Dec. 2, 1890, in Liberia, Africa.
BARCLAY, DAVID, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from his native
state from 1855-57.
BARCLAY, JAMES TURNER, clergy
man, author, was born in 1807, in Vir
ginia. He was a leading clergyman of
the Campbellite faith, and for many years
a missionary in Jerusalem. He is best
known as the author of The City of the
Great King, a description of Jerusalem.
He died in 1874.
BARCLAY. ROBERT, physician, was
born May 8, 1857, in St. Louis, Mo. In
1883 he was elected assistant aural sur
geon in the New York Eye and Ear In
firmary, serving until 1885, when he re
signed, and removed to St. Louis, Mo.
By the St. Louis Medical society he was
appointed a delegate to the American
Medical association in 1888 and in 1893.
BARCLAY, SHEPARD, lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 3, 1847, in St. Louis, Mo.
He received his education in the public
and high schools, St. Louis university,
university of Virginia and Berlin univer
sity. He began the practice of law In
1872; in 1882 was elected circuit judge in
St. Louis; and in 1888 was made a judge
of the supreme court.
BARCLAY, WILLIAM FRANKLIN,
physician, was born Feb. 13, 1842, in Jack
sonville, Pa. He discovered and applied
gold compounds in 1893, in which he suc
cessfully combined gold with bromine,
mercury, arsenic, and other metals, in the
face of the decree of chemistry that such
compounds were impossible.
BARD, DAVID, congressman, was a
graduate of Princeton college in 1773.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1795 to 1799, and again
from 1803 to 1815. He died in 1815, in
Virginia.
BARD, JOHN, founder of S't. Stephen's
college, was born June 2, 1819, in Hyde
Park, N. Y. He was the founder of St.
Stephen's college, at Annandale, N. Y.,
a diocesan training-school for students
for the ministry of the Protestant Episco
pal church, preparatory to entrance in the
general theological seminary in New
York city.
BARD, WILLIAM, was born in October,
1777, in New York. He was a pioneer in
life insurance in the United States, and
for twelve years from its foundation in
1830 the president of the New York Life
Insurance and Trust company. He died
Oct. 17, 1853.
BARGER, SAMUEL F., lawyer, finan
cier, was born Oct. 19, 1832, in New York
city. He is a director of the Central
Railroad company; Harlem road; Lake
Shore and Michigan Southern; the Chi
cago and Northwestern; Union Tele
graph company; and many other business
corporations. He was one of the founders
of the Manhattan club, and also of the
Casino and Reading room at Newport.
BARGHOORN, CHARLES D., lawyer,
was born Jan. 1, 1860, in Holland. Dur
ing 1883-87 he served as a school trustee;
during 1884-86 was a justice of the peace;
and since 1892 has been prosecuting at
torney in Luther, Mich. Since 1885 he
has been in the active practice of law, In
which he has been eminently successful.
BARHAM, JOHN A., educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 17, 1844, in
Missouri. He removed with his parents
to California in 1849, and was educated in
the common schools and at the Hesperian
college, in Woodland, Cal. He taught in
the public schools of California for three
years; studied law and was admitted to
practice in 1868, and has practiced his
profession since. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress.
BARHYDT, THEODORE WELLS, rail
road president, banker, capitalist, was
born April 10, 1835, in Newark, N. J.
He received an aca
demic education in
the Lyceum academy
of Schenectady, N.
Y. In 1855 he moved
to Burlington, Iowa,
where he became one
of the principal
clerks in the post-
office. In 1859 he
entered mercantile
business; and since
1870 has been presi
dent of the Mer
chants' National bank of Burlington,
of which institution he was one of
the organizers. He was one of the
organizers of the Burlington, Cedar
Rapids and Northern Railroad com
pany, and is now president of the Bur
lington and North Western and of the
Burlington and Western Railroad com
panies. He is the owner of the Delano
hotel and several other fine business
buildings; was instrumental in establish
ing the Burlington water works; and was
one of the principal promoters and build
ers of the first street railroad in his city.
He has been president of the Board of
Trade, and a member of the city council,
and filled various other public positions
of honor.
BARIGHT, MARIE LOUISE, educator,
elocutionist, was born Aug. 12, 1864 In
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. She received her
education in Cook's Collegiate institute
of her native city; subsequently attend
ing the Boston university, and the School
of Expression of Boston, Mass.; and
finally studied in the Chicago university.
She has been professor of Elocution and
English Literature in the State Normal
schools of West Chester, Pa.; and filled
the same chair in the university of Ore
gon.
BARKER, ABRAHAM A., merchant,
congressman, was born March 30, 1816,
in Lovell, Maine. Mr. Barjcer was a dele
gate to the Chicago convention of 1860;
and in 1864 was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the thirty-ninth
congress.
BARKER, DAVID, lawyer, congress
man, was a lawyer by profession. He was
a representative in congress from New
Hampshire from 1827 to 1829. He died
April 1, 1834, in Rochester, N. H.
BARKER, FORDYCE, physician, au
thor, was born May 2, 1819, in Wilton,
Maine. He was a New York physician of
prominence and a professor in the Belle-
vue hospital from 1860; and the author of
On Sea-Sickness; and On Puerperal Dis
eases. He died in 1891.
BARKER, GEORGE FREDERICK,
educator, author, was born July 14, 1835,
in Charlestown, Mass. He has been pro
fessor of physics In the university of
Pennsylvania since 1873. He is the au
thor of Correlation of Vital and Physical
Forces; and Text Book of Elementary
Chemistry.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BARKER, JAMES NELSON, author,
poet, was born June 17, 1784, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia poet
and playwright, and was comptroller of
the United States treasury in 1838-50.
His dramas include Marmion; The In
dian Princess; Superstition; and Smiles
and Tears. He died March 9, 1858, in
Washington, D. C.
BARKER, JAMES WILLIAM, mer
chant, was born Dec. 5, 1815, in White
Plains, N. Y. In 1859 he established an
extensive house in Pittsburg, and trans
acted annually a very large business.
In 1854 he was the Knownothing candi
date for mayor of New York city, but
was defeated in a closely contested elec
tion by Fernando Wood. He was very
active in the founding of the Order of
the Star Spangled Banner, a secret or
ganization, having for its object the pre
vention of the political ascendancy of the
foreign-born inhabitants of the United
States, and was its principal officer in
1853. From 1867 till his death he was
president of the Eclectic Life Insurance
company, New York. He died June 26,
1869, in Rahway, N. J.
BARKER, JOSEPH, clergyman, con
gressman. He commenced his classical
studies at Harvard university, and grad
uated at Yale college in 1771. He was
an ordained preacher of the gospel; and
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1805 to 1809. He died
in 1815.
BARKER, JOSIAH, shipbuilder, was
born Nov. 16, 1763, in Marshfield, Mass.
He was United States naval constructor
about 1810, and built the Virginia in 1818,
the Warren in 1826, the Cumberland in
1842, and other men-of-war. He also re
built the Constitution in 1834, and fur
nished the plans for the Portsmouth.
He died Sept. 23, 1843, in Charlestown,
Mass.
BARKER, LORENZO ABEL, soldier,
journalist, was born Aug. 16, 1839, in
Naples, N. Y. He is the editor and owner
of The Clarion of Reed City, Mich. At
an early age he learned the printing busi
ness; and in 1861 enlisted in company
E, thirteenth regiment Missouri volun
teers; which afterward was changed to
company D, sixty-sixth company Illinois
Western Sharpshooters. He fought gal
lantly during the war and was promoted
sergeant. In 1884 he was a presidential
elector in the Blaine and Logan cam
paign; and in 1896 was again a presi
dential elector for William McKinley. He
served as postmaster of Reed City during
President Harrison's administration. He
is a prominent member of the Grand
Army of the Republic, and various other
fraternal orders.
BARKER, REUBEN H. W., farmer, sol
dier, state senator, was born Aug. 31, 1846,
in Iredell county, N. C. He was educated
at Rutherford col
lege; and was for
1 many years engaged
in merchandising,
> but later became a
, successful farmer
and stockraiser.
He served two years
In the confederate
army as a member
of the twenty-ninth
regiment North
Carolina troops. He
is the son of the
Rev. J. N. Barker, who for nearly fifty
years was a traveling methodist clergy
man. He has taken an active part in pub
lic affairs; has been a justice of the
peace; and in 1896 was elected a member
of the North Carolina state senate.
BARKER, SAMUEL ALPHONSO, law
yer, was born July 26, 1833, in Kennebec,
Maine. In his youth he taught school,
and in 1857 was admitted to the bar in
the supreme court at Augusta, Maine. For
ten years he practiced law in his native
state; and in 1867 moved to California.
He settled in San Jose, where he is known
as one of the foremost lawyers of his
adopted state.
BARKER, WHARTON, financier, was
born May 1, 1846, in Philadelphia. He
was one of the four who organized in
Pennsylvania the republican revolution,
of 1881. He was the founder of the In
vestment company of Philadelphia, and
also of the Finance company of Philadel
phia.
BARKER, WILLIAM MORRIS, mis
sionary bishop of Olympia, Wash., was
born May 12, 1854, in Towanda, Pa. For
two years he was an assistant master in
the Bishop Scott grammar school, of Port
land, Ore. Until his consecration he
was in charge of St. Paul's church, of
Duluth; and president of St. Luke's hos
pital in that city.
BARKLEY, DAVID WRIGHT, journal
ist, legislator, was born May 21, 1842, in
Fairfield, 111. He has been president of
the board of trustees of Hayward Collegi
ate institute of Fairfield, 111., and a mem
ber of the Illinois legislature. He is the
editor and owner of The Enterprise of
Rocky Ford, Colo.
BARKLEY, HENRY L., educator,
clergyman, legislator, was born March 19,
1858, in Adams county, Ind. He received
a thorough education in the public schools
of Ohio, and graduated from the high
school of Bryan. He has been a success
ful educator, clergyman, and is now bishop
of the Pacific coast district of the United
Brethren church at Woodburn, Ore. He
served with distinction for two terms as
a representative in the Oregon legislature.
BARKLEY, JAMES, soldier, was born
in Kentucky. He enlisted as private in
the one hundred and fourteenth Illinois
infantry in 1862, and made a capital
record as a brave soldier. He started in
as a private and worked his way to briga
dier-commander. He is senior brigadier-
general in the service; was for a time
captain of battery B; and was elected
colonel of the fifth regiment in 1877, hold
ing that position until 1891.
BARKSDALE, ETHELBERT, journal
ist, congressman, was born in Rutherford
county, Tenn. He received a classical
education; removed to Mississippi at an
early age, and adopted the profession of
journalism. He was a representative in
the confederate congress for four years;
was a presidential elector, and president
of the Mississippi college of electors, in
1876. He was elected a representative
from Mississippi to the forty-eighth and
forty-ninth congresses.
BARKSDALE, WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 21, 1821, in
Rutherford county, Tenn. He pursued a
partial course of studies at the Nashville
university; was a lawyer by profession;
held a commission in the staff of the
second Mississippi regiment, in the Mexi
can war, in 1847. He was a member of the
Mississippi convention called in 1851 to
discuss the compromise measures of 1850;
and was elected representative from
Mississippi in the thirty-third, thirty-
fourth, thirty-fifth, and thirty-sixth con
gresses. He was killed July 2, 1863, at
the battle of Gettysburg.
BARLOW, BRADLEY, merchant, bank
er, congressman, was born May 12, 1814,
in Fairfield, Vt. He was engaged in agri
cultural and mercantile pursuits until
1858; removed to St. Albans, Vt., and en
gaged in banking and other pursuits. Ha
served six terms as a representative in
the state legislature, and two terms as
state senator; was twice a member of
state constitutional conventions; and was
county treasurer for several years. He
was elected a representative from Ver
mont to the forty-sixth congress.
BARLOW, CHARLES AVERILL, mer
chant, farmer, congressman, was born
March 17, 1858, in Cleveland, Ohio. He
removed to San Luis Obispo county, Cal.,
where he acquired land and engaged in
wheat farming. He was state lecturer of
the Farmers' alliance one term, and was
elected to the state assembly from San
Luis Obispo county in 1893 on the straight
people's party ticket. He introduced a
number of important bills in the legisla
ture and conducted them to a successful
passage. He was elected to the fifty-fifth,
congress, and took an important part In
the deliberations of that body.
BARLOW, FRANCIS CHANNING, sol
dier, public official, was born Oct. 19, 1834,
in Brooklyn, N. Y. In Grant's campaign
he captured the whole division of Gen.
Johnston, and in the final struggle and
pursuit of Lee's routed army he rendered
essential service. He was secretary of state
of New York.
BARLOW, HENRY C., railroad presi
dent, was born Aug. 15, 1850, in Niles,
Mich. Since 1894 he has been president
of the Evansville and Terre Haute rail
road.
BARLOW, JOEL, patriot, poet, was
born March 25, 1755, in Reading, Conn.
As an author he belonged to the first class
of his time in Ameri
ca, and was one of
the celebrated Hart
ford Wits. His Vis
ion of Columbus, a
poem in imitation of
Milton, obtained
great popularity,
and Hasty Pudding,
a humorous poem
dedicated to Martha
Washington, was
much admired. His
most elaborate work,
Columbiad, an epic poem, is considered
by critics to be a failure. He died Dec.
24, 1812, near Cracow, in Poland, while
serving as foreign ambassador.
BARLOW, SAMUEL LATHAM MIT
CHELL, lawyer, author, was born June 5,
1826, in Granville, Mass. He was educated
in New York city, where he practiced law
for forty years. He gave much time to the
collection of rare and curious books. His
library of Americana was among the
largest in the country. In connection
with Henry Harrisse he edited Notes on
Columbus, an invaluable work for the
biography and bibliography of the discov
erer of the new world. He died July 10,
1890, in Glen Cove, N. Y.
BARLOW, STEPHEN, business man,
congressman. He was a representative
in congress from Pennsylvania from 1827
to 1829, and was a member of the commit
tee on agriculture.
BARLOW, THOMAS HARRIS, inventor,
was born Aug. 5, 1789, in Nicholas county,
Ky. He settled in Lexington, Ky., in
1835, and in 1851 finished his first plane
tarium which is now in Transylvania uni
versity in that town. This ingenious and
useful piece of mechanism is now in use
at West Point, the Washington observa
tory, and other institutions. He died In
1865, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
riKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BARMM. FRANK HERMAN, lawyer,
was born Jan. 25, 1864, in Chicago, 111.
He is a recognized expert on real estate
values; his own holdings in the city of
Chicago being very extensive and val
uable.
BARNAM. CURTIS FIELD, lawyer,
legislator, was born May 24, 1820, in Rich
mond, Ky. He graduated from the law
school in 1842, and became prominent as
a representative in the state legislature of
Kentucky.
BARNARD, CHARLES, journalist, au
thor, was born Feb. 13, 1838, in Boston,
Mass. He is a journalist, and the author
of The Tone Masters; The Soprano; My
Ten Rod Farm; Farming by Inches; A
Simple Flower Garden; The Strawberry
Garden; Legilda Romanoff; Knights of
To-day; Co-operation as a Business; A
Dead Town, a Romance of the Old Coun
try; Talks about the Weather; and Talks
about the Soil.
BARNARD, DANIEL DEWEY, lawyer,
congressman, author, was born July 16,
1797, in Sheffield, Mass. In 1826 he was
elected district attorney for Monroe coun
ty, N. Y., and in 1827 was elected represen
tative to congress. He was again in con
gress from 1839 to 1845, when he was
chairman of the judiciary committee.
From 1850 to 1853 he was United States
minister to Prussia. He was the author
of numerous reviews and speeches. He
died April 24, 1861, in Albany, N. Y.
BARNARD, EDMUND K., educator, was
born in 1863, in Sank county, Wis. His
life has been devoted to educational work;
he has been county superintendent of
schools, and has occupied the positions of
principal and professor in various schools
of Oregon and Washington.
BARNARD. EDMUND M., state senator,
was born May 28, 1860, in Hudson, N. Y.
In 1891 he was elected a representative in
the Michigan state legislature; was a
member of the senate in 1893-94, and re
ceived the re-election in 1895-96, and again
in 1897-98.
BARNARD, EDWARD EMERSON, as
tronomer, author, was born Dec. 16, 1857,
in Nashville, Tenn. Since 1883 he has
had charge of the astronomical observa
tory, and he is also assistant in practical
astronomy at Vanderbilt university. His
publications consist of astronomical con
tributions to the Sidereal Messenger, Ob
servatory, Science Observer, Astronom-
ische Nachrichten, and other technical
journals.
BARNARD, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS
PORTER, college president, author, was
born May 5, 1809, in Sheffield, Mass. He
was an educational writer, and was presi
dent of Columbia college in 1864-89. He
was the author of History of the United
States Coast Survey; Imaginary Metro-
logical System of the Great Pyramid; The
Undulatory Theory of Light; and Letters
on College Government. He died April
27, 1889, in New York.
BARNARD, HENRY, educator, author,
was born Jan. 24, 1811, in Hartford, Conn.
In 1837 he was elected a member of the
legislature of Connecticut, and was twice
re-elected to that office, during which time
he effected a reorganization of the state
common school system. He was superin
tendent of public schools in Rhode Island
from 1843-49; state superintendent of
school architecture from 1850 to 1854; and
began the American Journal of Education
In 1855. He became president of the
American association for the advancement
of education. He is the author of sev
eral educational works, Including Story of
Education in Connecticut, and Education
al Biography.
BARNARD. ISAAC D., soldier, lawyer,
United States senator, was born July 18,
1791, in Aston, Pa. He was distinguished
at Lyons Creek and at the capture of
Fort George in 1813; and left the army
in 1815. He was admitted to the bar in
1816, and was soon made deputy attorney
general. He was chosen state senator in
1820; secretary of state in 1826; and was
United States senator from Pennsylvania,
from 1827 to 1831. He died Feb. 28, 1834,
in Westchester, Pa.
BARNARD, JAMES ELLERY, lawyer,
was born Jan. 29, 1863, in Franklin, N.
H. He graduated in 1884 from Dartmouth
college; and from the Boston university
law school in 1890. He has attained prom
inence as a successful lawyer in his native
town, and in 1892 was appointed justice of
the police court of his city by Gov. Smith.
He is very prominent in various Masonic
bodies.
BARNARD, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 6, 1681, in Boston, Mass.
He was a congregational minister of Bos
ton who was among the earliest New Eng
land dissenters from Calvinism. A ro
bust and logical thinker; and the author
of Version of the Psalms; Sermons; and
The Strange Adventures of Philip Ashton.
He died Jan. 24, 1770.
BARNARD, JOHN GROSS, soldier, au
thor, was born May 19, 1815, in Sheffield,
Mass. He was a major-general of the
United States army; and the author of
Survey of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec;
Phenomena of the Gyroscope; Dangers
and Defences of New York; Sea Coast
Defence; The Peninsular Campaign and
its Antecedents; and Problems of Rotary
Motion. He died May 14, 1882, in Detroit,
Mich.
BARNARD, OLIVER W., farmer, busi
ness man, poet, was born Aug. 4, 1828, in
Economy, Ind. He is a successful farmer
and business man of Manteno, 111.; and is
the author of a number of poems which
have appeared in Poets of America and
other standard works.
BARNARD, WILLIAM STEBBINS,
naturalist, inventor, author, was born
Feb. 28, 1849, in Canton, 111. His reports
as entomologist have been published by
the government, and he has contributed
to the proceedings and transactions of the
scientific societies of which he is a mem
ber. He has made inventions of harvest
ers, both for corn and cotton, and also
of means and appliances for the destruc
tion of injurious insects. He also devised
the Harvard book-rack, improved paper-
file holders, and similar articles.
BARNES, ALANSON H., lawyer, jurist,
was born in New York. He removed to
Wisconsin and practiced law, and in 1873
was appointed United States associate jus
tice for the territory of Dakota.
BARNES, ALBERT, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 1, 1798, in Rome, N. Y.
He was a leader of new school presbyter-
ian thought and an
able scriptural com
mentator. He was a
clergyman of Phila
delphia, and was at
one time tried for
heresy. He was the
author of Notes on
the New Testament;
Scriptural Views of
Slavery; The Atone
ment; Life at Three
Score; Prayers for
Family Worship;
and Evidences of Christianity in the
Nineteenth Century. He died Dec. 24,
1870, in Philadelphia. Pa.
BARNES, ALFRED C., was born Oct.
27, 1842, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
elected colonel of the thirteenth regiment
in 1884, and in 1886 retired from military
service. He founded the Astor Place
bank, of Brooklyn, N. Y., and in 1891 be
came its president. He planned and su
pervised Barnes' Brief History of Amer
ica.
BARNES, ALFRED SMITH, publisher,
was born Jan. 28, 1817, in New Haven,
Conn. In 1840 he went to Philadelphia
for four years, and built up a profitable
publishing business, which he then re
moved to New York city. His brother,
five sons and a nephew were associated
with him under the title of A. S. Barnes
and Co. The firm attained eminence in
the publication of school books. His son,
Alfred C. Barnes, now represents the
house in The American Book company.
He died Feb. 17, 1888, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BARNES, AMOS, hotel proprietor, was
born Aug. 15, 1828, in East Lebanon)
N. H. He established the firm of Barnes
and Dunkle in 1879, and leased the Hotel
Brunswick in the famous Back Bay dis
trict of Boston. The Brunswick is now
known as one of the finest and most suc
cessful hotels in America.
BARNES, ANNIE MARIA, editor, au
thor, was born May 28, 1857, in Colum
bia, S. C. For many years she edited and
published a juvenile paper, and is the
author of Some Lowly Lives; The Life
of David Livingston; Scenes in Pioneer
Methodism; The Children of the Kala
hari; The House of Grass; and The At
lanta Ferryman.
BARNES, CATHARINE WEED, artist,
was born Jan. 10, 1851, in Albany, N. Y. '
She is one of the editors of the Ameri
can Amateur Photographer, besides
writing for other magazines on camera
work. She built a fine portrait studio
at Albany, N. Y., containing a labora
tory and printing room.
BARNES, DEMAS, journalist, banker,
congressman, was born April 4, 1887, In
Canandaigua, N. Y. In 1866 he was elected
as a democrat to the fortieth congress,
where he served on the committees on
banking and currency, and education and
labor. He was active in procuring legis
lation for the construction of the Brook
lyn bridge. The Brooklyn Eagle at one
time belonged to him, and of the Brook
lyn Argus he was the founder, continuing
publication until 1877. He died May 1,
1888, in New York city.
BARNES, EDWIN H., poet, was born
May 13, 1849, in Marathon, N. Y. He is
the author of a volume of poems entitled
A Wild Bouquet, which contains many
rare gems of verse. He is engaged in
business in his native city, where he
filled the office of postmaster for eleven
years.
BARNES, GEORGE T., lawyer, state
representative, was born Aug. 14, 1833,
in Richmond county, Ga. He was edu
cated at the Richmond county academy
and at Franklin college, University of
Georgia, Athens, where he graduated in
August, 1853. He studied law, was ad
mitted to the bar, and has since practiced
in Georgia. He was a member of the
state house of representatives of Geor
gia in 1860-65; was a member of the na
tional democratic committee from Geor
gia, 1876-84, and was elected to the for
ty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first congresses.
BARNES, JACOB B., journalist, was
born July 11, 1839, in Freeport, 111. He
is the editor and owner of the Peoria
Journal, one of the leading newspapers of
the west
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
81
BARNES, JAMES, author, was born in
1865 in Maryland. He is the author of For
King or Country, a Story of the Revolu
tion; Admiral Farragut; Naval Actions
of the War of 1812; and A Princetonian.
BARNES, JOHN A., lawyer, jurist, leg
islator, was born Jan. 3, 1859, in Marion
county, Ky. He has been master in chan
cery for Clay county, 111., and is a suc
cessful lawyer of Louisville. In 1897 he
became a member of the Illinois state leg
islature.
BARNES, JOSEPH K., physician, sur
geon, was born July 21, 1817, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was present at the death
bed of Lincoln, attended Secretary Sew-
ard when he "was wounded by the knife
of a confederate assassin, and attended
Mr. Garfield through his long confine
ment. He was a trustee of Peabody edu
cational fund, a commissioner for the sol
diers' home, and the custodian of other
important public trusts. He died April
5, 1883, in Washington, D. C.
BARNES, LEMUEL CALL, clergyman,
was born Nov. 6, 1854, in Kirtland, Ohio.
He is a prominent clergyman of the bap
tist church, and is now pastor of the
Fourth Avenue church, of Pittsburg, Pa.
BARNES, LYMAN E., lawyer, congress
man, was born June 30, 1855, in Weyau-
wega, Wis. He began the practice of
law in Appleton in 1876; was district at
torney of Outagamie county, and as a
democrat was elected to the fifty-third
congress.
BARNES, MARY SHELDON, educator,
author, was born Sept. 15, 1850, in Oswe-
go, N. Y. In 1874 she graduated from the
University of Michigan; and has filled the
chair of Latin and Greek in the Oswego
state normal school, and later in the
Wellesley college. She is the author of
Studies in General History; Studies in
American History; and Teachers' Man
ual.
BARNES, PHINEAS, engineer, was
born Jan. 10, 1842, in Portland, Me. He
studied at the Lawrence Scientific school,
Cambridge, Mass., and at the Rensselaer
Polytechnic institute, Troy, N. Y. Mr.
Barnes has made a specialty of the con
struction of iron and steel works, and
for some time has been associated with
the American Iron and Steel works in
Pittsburg, Pa. He is a member of the
American Institute of Mining Engineers,
to whose transactions he has frequently
contributed papers of technical value.
BARNES, SARAH ISABELLA, poet,
was born March 18, 1867, in Dexterville,
Ohio; is the author of a volume of poems.
She has contributed extensively to the
periodical press, and her poems have been
incorporated into several standard works.
BARNES, THURLOW WEED, presi
dent of corporations, was born June 28,
1853, in Albany, N. Y. In 1876 he grad
uated from Harvard
university. His life
has been devoted to
literary work and
politics. He is the
president of corpor
ations in New York
city. He was chair
man of the Albany
general committee
in 1886; traveled in
Europe in 1882, and
made the tour
around the world in
1884-85. He is a grandson of Thurlow
Weed, and is the author of the second
volume of the Life of Thurlow Weed in
two volumes, and of Souvenir of Albany
Bicentennial.
6
BARNES, WILLIAM, educator, lawyer,
was born May 26, 1824, in Pompey, N. Y.
He started life as a schoolteacher, and in
1843, in connection with his father, who
was county superintendent, he success
fully conducted one of the first normal
schools or teachers' institutes in New
York state at Baldwinsville. In 1845 he
was admitted to the bar, and became
noted as one of the foremost lawyers
of his state at Albany.
BARNES, WILLIAM, journalist, is the
youngest son of William Barnes, the cele
brated lawyer of Albany, N. Y. He is
the editor of The
Albany Evening
Journal, and contrib
utes extensively to
current literature
The Evening Joiir-
t nal is published ev-
•' ery evening except
Sunday, and also is
sues a semi-weekly
f and weekly edition.
It is one of the fore
most journals in the
state of New York,
and always advocates the principles of the
republican party. It is published by The
Journal Publishing company, of which he
is one of the largest individual stock
holders.
BARNES, WILUAM H., lawyer, jurist,
legislator, was born in 1843 in Hampton,
Conn. In 1866 he was admitted to the
bar and commenced the practice of law
at Jacksonville, 111. He was a representa
tive in the state legislature in 1871 and
1872, and was a delegate to the demo
cratic national conventions of 1876, 1880
and 1884. He was a member of every
democratic state convention held in Illi
nois between 1865 and 1885, and in 1885
was appointed an associate justice of the
supreme court of the territory of Arizona.
BARNES, WILLIAM HENRY, railroad
president, was born July 12, 1829, in
Philadelphia, Pa. Since 1892 he has been
president of the Allegheny Valley rail
way, and also various other railroads.
BARNETT, EDWARD H., clergyman,
journalist, was born Oct. 8, 1840, in Mont
gomery county, Va. He has filled various
pastorates in Virginia and Georgia; has
been for five years editor of the Presby
terian Quarterly of Richmond, Va.. and is
the author of a work entitled Life's Gold
en Lamp.
BARNETT, JAMES, soldier, merchant,
banker, congressman, was born June 21,
1821, in Cherry Valley, N. Y. He received
his education in the public schools of
Cleveland, Ohio, and is a successful hard
ware merchant of that city. During the
civil war he served with distinction, and
attained the rank of brigadier-general.
In 1882 he was elected a member of con
gress from Cleveland by the republic
an party. He has served as president of
the First National bank, and is promi
nently identified with the business and
public affairs of his city and state.
BARNETT, ORVILLE MARION, law
yer, state legislator, was born Aug. 14,
1870, in Knox county, Mo. He is a suc
cessful lawyer of Sedalia, Mo., and in
1897 was elected a member of the Mis
souri state legislature.
BARNETT, MRS. RACHEL PRICE, ed
ucator, poet, was born March 30, 1837,
in Freeport, Ohio. For nearly ten years
she taught school in Ohio and Iowa, and
is now a writer and poet of Dexter, Iowa.
BARNETT, SAMUEL, journalist, au
thor, was born March 6, 1824, in Washing
ton, Ga. He was president of the Wash
ington bank; in 1871 was commissioner,
and in 1872 was secretary of the Georgia
State Agricultural society. He was editor
of the Chronicle, and author of Interest
Table; Buckle's Outliae View of Georgia;
and many other works.
BARNETT, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was elected a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1812 to 1815,
when he was appointed one of the com
missioners to run the Creek boundary
line.
BARNETT, WILLIAM ALLEN, mer
chant, was born Oct. 8, 1822, near Hamil
ton, Ohio. He has attained success as
a merchant miller. For over half a cen
tury he was proprietor of the same mills.
BARNEY, EDWARD MITCHELL, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 28, 1811,
in Lynn, Mass. He was educated at the
Harvard college and Tufts Divinity school
and received the degree of B. D. from the
latter institution. He has filled a pastor
ate in the First Universalist church of
Marion, Mass., and now fills a pastorate
in the First Universalist church of Bev
erly, one of the largest churches in his
denomination.
BARNEY, EVERETT H., inventor,
manufacturer, was born Dec. 7, 1835, in
Framingham, Mass. He has attained suc
cess as a manufacturer and inventor, and
the Barney and Berry skates have a
world-wfde reputation.
BARNEY, JOHN, congressman. He was
a member of congress from Maryland
from 1825 to 1827. He left behind him an
unfinished record of Personal Recollec
tions of Men and Things. He died Jan.
26, 1856, in Washington, D. C.
BARNEY, JOSHUA, naval officer, com
modore, was born in 1759 in Baltimore,
Md. He entered the naval service of the
revolution in 1775, and was active during
the whole war. He bore the American
flag to the French national convention in
1796, and entered the French service. He
returned to America in 1800, and took
part in the war of 1812. .He died in 1818
in Pittsburg, Pa.
BARNEY, SAMUEL S.,lawyer,congress-
man, was born Jan. 31, 1846, in Hartford,
Wis. He was educated in the public
schools and at Lombard university, Gales-
burg, 111., and taught the high school in
Hartford for four years. He has practiced
his profession at West Bend, Wis., since
1873. He filled the office of superintend
ent of schools of Washington county from
1876 to 1880, and was elected to the fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth congresses.
BARNFIELD, THOMAS P., lawyer, leg
islator, jurist, was born March 25, 1844,
in Boston, Mass. He was admitted to the
Rhode Island bar in 1870, and was city
solicitorofPawtucketfor eleven years. He
was judge of the probate court for three
years, and was a member of the legisla
ture of Rhode Island for three years.
BARNHART, JACOB S., lawyer, poet,
was born Jan. 19, 1828, near Bellefonte,
Pa. In 1849 he became a daguerrean
artist, and subse
quently a photog-
: rapher. For many
* years he was the
| editor and owner of
I the Democratic
I Watchman of Penn-
I sylvania. In 1871 he
was admitted to the
I bar, and since 1877
has practiced law in
Charles City, Iowa.
He is a stenographer
and a teacher of
shorthand, and a natural musician. He
has contributed extensively to the period
ical press, and his poems have been given
a place in several standard works.
82
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BARNITZ, CHARLES A., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsyhania from 1833 to 1835. He died
in March, 1850, in York, Pa.
BARNS, WILLIAM, clergyman, was
born in 1795, in Ireland. He was very
successful in his preaching, and during
his various pastorates large accessions
were made to the churches under his di
rection. Among these charges were sev
eral of the largest in Philadelphia and
Harrisburg. He died Nov. 25, 1865, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BARNUM, MRS. FRANCES COURTE-
NAY, author, was born in 1848 in Arkan
sas. She is a novelist now living in Sa
vannah, Ga., and the author of On Both
Sides, an international novel; Behind the
Blue Ridge; Juan and Juanita, a juvenile
tale; and Claudia Hyde.
BARNUM, HENRY A., soldier, was born
Sept. 24, 1833, in Jamesville, N. Y. He was
brevetted major-general in 1865. In 1866 he
resigned, having declined a colonelcy in
the regular army, and became inspector of
prisons in New York. He was deputy tax
commissioner from 1869 till 1872, and was
for five years harbor-master of New York.
In 1885 he was elected as a republican to
the New York state assembly.
BARNUM, PHINEAS TAYLOR, show
man, author, was born July 5, 1810, in
Bethel, Conn. He was the son of a farmer
. and tavern keeper,
and became a suc
cessful showman of
world-wide fame. He
was the author of
Humbugs of the
World; Struggles
and Triumphs, or
Forty Years' Recol
lections; Lion Jack,
or How Menageries
are Made; and Au
tobiography. He was
the best known and
most popular circus showman ever en
gaged in that business in America. He
died April 7, 1891, in Bridgeport, Conn.
BARNUM, WILLIAM H., manufacturer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Sept. 17, 1818, in Columbia county,
Conn. His firm of
Barnum, Richardson
and Co. built large
works in Lime Rock
and East Canaan,
Conn., and finally
added a car wheel
shop in Chicago. In
1851-52 he sat in the
state legislature, and
from 1868 attended
every national con
vention of his party
as a delegate. He
was a member of congress in 1867-76; and
Connecticut then made him United States
senator. He died April 30, 1889, in Lime
Rock, Conn.
BARNUM, ZENAS, civil engineer, cap
italist, was born Dec. 9, 1810, in Wilkes-
barre, Pa. He was a civil engineer, but
became proprietor of Barnum's hotel in
Baltimore, in the management of which
he acquired a large fortune. Later he be
came president of the Baltimore Central
railroad. He died April 5, 1865, In Balti
more, Md.
BARNWELL, JOHN, soldier, was born
about 1671 in Ireland. Barnwell's force
overtook the depredating Tuscaroras and
killed 300 in the first engagement. The
survivors were driven Into their fortified
town, besieged, and finally reduced to sub
mission. Nearly 1,000 of them were killed
or captured, and the remnant abandoned
their hereditary lands and joined the Five
Nations of New York. This was the first
crushing blow dealt against the Indians by
the white settlers in the Carolinas, and
Barnwell is to this day known to his
descendants as Tuscarora John. He
died about June, 1724, in Beaufort, S. C.
BARNWELL, ROBERT, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1762 in Beaufort,
S. C. He volunteered for the revolution
ary war when sixteen years old. He was
afterward a member of the convention in
South Carolina on the adoption of the
federal constitution; and was a represent
ative in congress in 1791-93. He died in
1814.
BARNWELL, ROBERT WOODWARD,
college president, congressman, was born
Aug. 10, 1801, in Beaufort, S. C. He grad
uated at Harvard university in 1821; stud
ied law; was a representative in con
gress from South Carolina from 1829 to
1833; was president of the South Carolina
college from 1835 to 1843, and was a sena
tor in congress in 1850 by appointment to
fill a vacancy. After the war he was again
president of the South Carolina college.
He died Nov. 25, 1882, in Columbia, S. C.
BARR, ALBERT J., journalist, was
born Jan. 12, 1851, in Pittsburg, Pa. Upon
the death of his father he became presi
dent of the Pittsburg Post Printing and
Publishing company, and editor-in-chief
of the paper. The work he has since done
on the Post has made that publication
one of the best known newspapers in
America. In 1893 he was appointed a com
missioner to the World's Fair, and in 1894
was appointed surveyor of customs of the
port of Pittsburg.
BARR, MRS. AMELIA EDITH [HUD-
DLESTON], author, was born March 29,
1831, in Lancaster, England. She came to
America in 1854. Her books exhibit many
excellencies of construction and character
ization, are wholesome in tone, and have
been deservedly popular. Among the best
of them may be named Jan Vedder's Wife;
Paul and Christina; A Daughter of Fife;
A Border Shepherdess; The Bow of Or
ange Ribbon, a tale of colonial life in New
York; Between Two Loves; Friend Olivia;
Bernicia, a story In which Whitefield, the
famous preacher, is a prominent figure.
Other works by Mrs. Barr include: Scot
tish Sketches; Flower of Gala Water; Ro
mance and Reality; Young People of
Shakespeare's Time; Cluny McPherson;
The Hallam Succession; The Lost Silver
of Briffault; The Last of the McAlisters;
Scottish Sketches; The Squire of Sandal
Side; Master of His Fate; Christopher;
Remember the Alamo, a story of Texas;
She Loved a Sailor; A Rose of a Hundred
Leaves; Michael and Theodora; A Sister
to Esau; Feet of Clay; The Household of
McNeil; The Preacher's Daughter; Love
for an Hour is Love Forever; A Singer
from the Sea; and The Lone House.
BARR, BERZELIUS L., lawyer, college
president, author, was born Sept. 29. 1846,
inTren.ortCtty.Ohio. He graduated in law
from the University of Michigan, and as
civil engineer from the National Normal
university, Ohio. For twelve years he
was president of the Western Normal uni
versity, and now practices law in his na
tive cjty. He served as a union soldier
during the civil war in company F, second
Illinois light artillery, and was in the
sieges of Atlanta and Jonesboro, and
Nashville, Tenn. He is the author of
Outlines of Oral Grammar Teaching; and
Complete Inductive Grammar.
BARR, CHARLES, educator, was born
April 8, 1860, in Watertown, N. Y. In
1887 he accepted the chair of natural
science in Baldwin university of Berea,
Ohio, and in 1888 he became professor of
astronomy and applied mathematics, and
acting professor of biology in Albion col
lege, of Albion, Mich.
BARR, G. WALTER, physician, lectur
er, author, was born Oct. 25, 1860, in Med-
way, Ohio. In 1880 he graduated from the
Indiana Asbury uni
versity, and in 1884
from the Jefferson
Medical college of
Philadelphia. He is
professor of materia
medica, therapeu
tics and hygiene in
the College of Physi
cians and Surgeons
of Keokuk, Iowa. He
has been a public
lecturer on popular
science; was lecturer
on hygiene in the Training School for
Nurses in the Blessing hospital of Quincy,
111.; is post-surgeon Illinois division
Sons of Veterans, U. S. A., and a promi
nent member of many leading medical and
pharmaceutical associations. He is the
author of Idiosyncrasy and Drug, and
other works.
BARR, GEORGE TILLOTSON, banker,
state senator, was born Feb. 4, 1851, in
Terre Haute, Ind. He is a successful
banker of Mankato, Minn., of which city
he has been mayor. In 1889 he served
as a representative in the Minnesota state
legislature; was a state senator during
1891-97, and president pro tern of the sen
ate during the sessions of 1895 and 1897.
BARR, JOHN W., lawyer, jurist, was
born Dec. 17, 1826, in Versailles, Ky. In
1847 he commenced the practice of law
at Versailles, Ky., and soon afterward re
moved to Louisville, where he continued to
practice his profession until 1880, when
he was appointed United States district
judge for the district of Kentucky.
BARR, SAMUEL F., journalist, con
gressman, was born June 15, 1829, in Ire
land. He emigrated with his parents to
the United States in 1831; received a com
mon-school education; engaged in rail
road and commercial pursuits; was editor
of the Harrisburg Telegraph from 1873
to 1878, and was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the forty-seventh
and forty-eighth congresses.
BARR, THOMAS C., capitalist, was born
Feb. 2, 1858, in Wellsboro, Pa. He has
been president of several railway com
panies, and has also organized and put in
operation the omnibus general of Phila
delphia. He was elected president of the
New Jersey Traction company in 1893.
BARR, THOMAS J., state senator, con
gressman, was born in 1812 in New York
city. In 1853 he was elected a member of
the New York state senate, and was
elected a representative in congress from
New York to the thirty-fifth and thirty-
sixth congresses.
BARRAS, CHARLES M., actor, author,
was born in 1826. He was the author of a
well-known spectacular play called The
Black Crook, from which he derived a
large income. His eccentric character
and unconscious drollery made him popu
lar. He died March 31, 1873, in Cos Cobb,
Conn.
BARRERE, GRANVILLE, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Highland county,
Ohio. He commenced practicing law in
Illinois in 1856, and was elected to the
forty-third congress.
BARRERE, NELSON, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1851 to 1853.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BARRET, ALEXANDER BUCHANAN,
tobacco merchant, was born March
18, 1811, In Louis county, Va. He estab
lished branch stemmeries in Henderson,
Louisville, Owensboro, Cloverport, and
other points in Kentucky, at Clarksville.
Tenn., and in Missouri, and was, in his
time, without doubt, the most extensive
tobacco merchant in the world, controlling
annually many thousands of hogsheads
in the markets of England. He died June
15, 1861, in New York.
BARRET, JOHN HENRY, merchant,
was born in 1835, in Henderson, Ky. His
firm is known under the style of Jno. H.
Barret and Co., and they retain, both in
America and in Europe, the extensive and
influential prestige which was once the
high and peculiar distinction of the orig
inal house in the Kentucky tobacco mar
ket.
BARRETT, BENJAMIN FISK, clergy
man, author, was born June 24, 1808, In
Dresden, Maine. He is a Swedenborgian
clergyman of Philadelphia who wrote ex
tensively in behalf of his faith. Among
his many books are A Life of Sweden-
borg; The New View of Hell; Swedenborg
and Channing; Heaven Revealed; and a
Popular Presentation of Swedenborg's
Disclosures about Heaven. He died in
1892.
BARRETT, EDWARD, naval officer, was
born in 1828, in Louisiana. In 1864-65 he
commanded the monitor Catskill, and cap
tured the Deer, the only blockade-runner
captured by a monitor. He was in the
first expedition that ascended the Yang-
tse-Kiang river as far as Hangkow, and
took the first man-of-war through the
Eads jetties at the mouth of the Missis
sippi. He died in March, 1880.
BARRETT, FLAVIUS J., lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, was born Oct. 22, 1835, in Giles
county, Tenn. He received the rudiments
_^^^^^^^^^^^ of his education in
the common schools,
and graduated from
the Baylor univer-
I sity of Independence,
I Texas. During the
i war he was captain of
company B, fifteenth
regiment, Texas cav
alry, in the Confed
erate states army.
He has attained emi
nence as an able law
yer of Henrietta,
Texas, in which city he has been
chief of police, superintendent of pub
lic schools, and held other offices of
trust. He has served with distinction as a
member of the Texas state legislature, and
is now county judge of Clay county,
Texas.
BARRETT, GEORGE HOOKER, actor,
was born Jan. 9, 1794, in England. He
made his debut as an adult as Belcaur In
The West Indian at the Parke theater,
New York, in 1822, and at once became one
of the favorite actors of the day.
BARRETT, HARRISON D., spiritualist,
was born April 26, 1863, in Canaan, Me.
He has been a teacher in the public
schools of Minnesota, and in 1889 grad
uated from the Meadville Theological
school, Pennsylvania, but has never been
ordained. In 1891 he was co-editor of a
work entitled Cassadaga, Its History and
Teaching; and is the author of Life Work
of Cora L. V. Richmond. In 1893 he was
elected president of the National Spiritual
ist association, and in 1897 was appoint
ed editor of The Banner and Light of Bos
ton, Mass., the oldest spiritualist paper In
existence.
BARRETT, J. RICHARD, congress
man, was born in Kentucky. Removing to
Missouri he was elected a representative
from that state to the thirty-sixth con
gress.
BARRETT, JOHN ERIGENA, journal
ist, state legislator, author, was born May
10, 1849, in Ireland. He entered journal
ism as a reporter on The Republican, of
Scranton, Pa., and became its managing
editor. In 1884 he began the publication,
in conjunction with J. J. Jordan, of The
Scranton Truth, an independent daily
newspaper, which they still publish. He
is one of the foremost editorial writers in
America, and has attained note as a bril
liant orator. In 1878 he was elected a
member of the Pennsylvania state legis
lature as a republican, and took an im
portant part in the deliberations of that
body. He is the author of a number of
stories, the most notable of which are
Love and Labor, or All the Perils of the
Poor; The Black List; Worse Than
Death; A Knight of Labor; The Rising
Tide; and the Curse of Innisfail. He is
also the author of a volume of poems en
titled The Fugitives and Other Poems.
BARRETT, JOSEPH HARTWELL,
journalist, author, was born April 15,
1824, in Ludlow, Vt. In 1845 he gradu
ated from Middle-
bury college. In 1851-
52 he served as a
representative in the
Vermont state legis
lature; in 1853-54 he
was secretary of the
Vermont senate, and
in 1861-68 was com
missioner of pen
sions. During 1857-
61 he was editor of
the Cincinnati Ga
zette, and editor of
the Cincinnati Chronicle and Times dur
ing 1868-79. He has contributed to re
views and other periodicals from 1846 to
the present time, and his writings have
been valuable acquisitions to current lit
erature, and have, in many instances, been
incorporated into standard works. He is
the author of Biography of Abraham Lin
coln:
BARRETT, LAWRENCE, actor, was
born April 4, 1838, in Paterson, N. J. His
first appearance was in 1853. On the out
break of the civil war in 1861, Mr. Bar
rett accepted a captaincy in the twenty-
eighth Massachusetts infantry and served
with distinction. Afterward he acted at
Philadelphia, at Washington, and then at
the Winter Garden in New York, where
he was engaged by Mr. Booth to play
Othello to his lago. He died March 20,
1891, in New York city.
BARRETT, WILLIAM E., journalist,
legislator, congressman, was born Dec.
29, 1850, in Melrose, Mass. He was edu
cated at the public schools, and graduated
from Dartmouth college in 1880. He be
gan at once as assistant editor of the St.
Albans Daily Messenger; joined the staff
of the Boston Daily Advertiser in 1882,
and was Washington correspondent of
the Boston Advertiser 1882-86; he
was recalled to Boston to become ed
itor-in-chief, and in 1888 he became chief
proprietor and manager of the Boston
Daily Advertiser and the Boston Evening
Record. He was a member of the Massa
chusetts legislature in 1887-92, and a can
didate for congress in April, 1893; was
elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses.
BARRICKLOW, JOSEPH P., lawyer,
legislator, was born Feb. 7, 1867, in Ris
ing Sun, Ind. He is a successful lawyer
of Arcola, 111., and served with distinc
tion as a member of the thirty-ninth and
fortieth general assemblies of the Illinois
state legislature.
BARRINGER, DANIEL L., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 1, 1788, in Meck
lenburg county, N. C. He served in the
legislature of North Carolina in 1813, and
from 1819-22. He was a representative in
congress from North Carolina from 1826
to 1835; and was a presidential elector in
1844. He subsequently removed to Ten
nessee, and was elected 'speaker of the
house of representatives of that state. He
died Oct. 16, 1852.
BARRINGER, DANIEL MOREAU, law
yer, legislator, congressman, was born in
1807 in Cabarras county, N. C. tie com
menced practicing law in 1829, and in
that year was elected a member of the
state legislature, in which position he con
tinued for a number of years. He was
a representative in congress from North
Carolina from 1843 to 1849, when he was
appointed Minister to Spain. On his re
turn home he was elected to the state leg
islature. He was elected a delegate to the
peace congress of 1861, and also to the
Philadelphia national union convention
of 1866. He died Sept. 1, 1873, in Green
Brier Springs, Va.
BARRINGER, JOHN E., farmer, state
senator, was born July 16, 1841, in New
York. He was elected to the Michigan
state senate of 1887-88, and took an active
part in that body.
BARRITT, FRANCES FULLER, poet,
was born in 1826 in Rome, N. Y. When
only fourteen years old she began writ
ing for publication, and at twenty-
two was a favorite contributor to
the Home Journal, under the man
agement of N. P. Willis. Azlea, a
tragedy, was written about this time, and
published in 1851 in a volume entitled
Poems of Imagination and Sentiment,
by herself and her sister Metta (Mrs.
Victor), and edited by Rufus W. Griswold.
BARRON, ELWYN ALFRED, journal
ist, dramatist, was born in 1855, in Ten
nessee. He has been a Chicago journalist
on the editorial staff of the Inter-Ocean
since 1879, and has written The Viking,
a blank-verse drama, and A Moral Crime,
and other plays.
BARRON, ERNEST R., inventor, was
born May 23, 1844, in Meadville, Pa. He
has made many important inventions now
used on typewriters. He superintended
the construction of the first caligraph,
and witnessed its success as rival of the
Remington.
BARRON, JAMES, naval officer, was
born in 1769 in Virginia. He is chiefly
known to the present generation from his
encounter when in command of the Ches
apeake with the British frigate Leopard
in time of peace, and the duel in which he
killed Com. Decatur. He died April 21,
1851, in Norfolk, Va.
BARRON, JOHN C., surgeon, capitalist,
was born Nov. 2, 1837, in Woodbridge,
N. J. Returning to civil life at the end
of his enlistment, he became a member
and surgeon of the famous seventh regi
ment of New York city from 1863 to 1871,.
and after his resignation he was appoint
ed surgeon-general of the first division of
the national guard of New York,
with the rank of colonel. He is
president of The Carpenter Steel works
of Reading, Pa.; The Kentucky Coal, Iron
and Development company; The Lyons
and Campbell Ranch and Cattle company,
and The Gila Farm company.
84
HKKKIXGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BARRON, SAMUEL, naval officer, was
born Sept. 25, 1765, in Hampton, Va. He
was distinguished for gallantry in the
revolutionary, navy of Virginia, in which
his father, his uncle and his brother also
participated. He died Oct. 28, 1810, in
Hampton, Va.
BARRON, SAMUEL, naval officer, was
born about 1802 in Virginia. He entered
the navy as midshipman; attained the
rank of lieutenant in 1827; commander
in 1847; and captain in 1855.
BARRON, WALTER J., inventor, was
born June 27, 1,846, in Meadville, Pa. He
invented many improvements now in use
on leading typewriters, and in 1888 he in
vented the Universal typewriter. In 1891
he perfected the Densmore and Barren
typewriters.
BARROW, ALEXANDER, lawyer, leg
islator, United States senator, was born
in 1801 in Nashville, Tenn. He served a
number of years in the legislature of
Louisiana, and was a senator in congress
from Louisiana from 1841 to 1846. He
died Dec. 29, 1846, in Baltimore, Md.
BARROW, DAVID, clergyman, was
born Oct. 30, 1753, in Virginia. He held
various pastorates in Kentucky, and in
1803 published an able pamphlet on The
Trinity. He died Nov. 14, 1819, in Ken
tucky.
BARROW, MRS. FRANCES ELIZA
BETH, author, was born Feb. 22, 1822, in
Charleston, S. C. She was a writer of
juvenile tales which have been widely
circulated. Among them are The Night
Cap Series; The Pop Gun Series; and The
Six Mitten Books. She died in 1894.
BARROW, POPE, soldier, lawyer,
United States senator, was born Aug. 1,
1830, in Oglethorpe county, Ga. He grad
uated from the University of Georgia in
1859, rnd in the law class of that institu
tion of 1860. He served in the confeder
ate army, and at the close of the war of
the rebellion resumed the practice of law
at Athens, Ga. He was a member of the
state constitutional convention of 1877,
and was a representative in the state leg
islature in 1880-81. He was elected a sena
tor of the United States from Georgia to
fill a vacancy, and served from 1882 to
1883.
BARROW, WASHINGTON, lawyer,
•congressman, was born Oct. 5, 1817, in Da
vidson county, Tenn. He was a lawyer
by education and profession, and in 1841
was appointed American charge d'affaires
to Portugal. He was a representative in
congress from Tennessee from 1847 to
1849. He died Oct. 19, 1866, in St. Louis,
Mo.
BARROWS, CHARLES C., physician,
was born June 5, 1857, in Jackson, Miss.
He is assistant obstetric physician and
gynecologist of Bellevue hospital of New
York city.
BARROWS, ELIJAH PORTER, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born Jan. 5,
1817, in Mansfield, Conn. In 1853 he was
appointed professor of Hebrew language
and literature in Andover theological
seminary, retaining the office until 1866.
In 1872 he accepted a like appointment in
Oberlin, Ohio, theological seminary. Be
sides twenty-five articles in the Biblio-
theca Sacra, he has published A Memoir
of Evertin Judson; Companion to the Bi
ble; and Sacred Geography and Antiqui
ties. He has also been one of the ed
itors of the American Tract society's Bible
with Notes.
BARROWS, HENRY FRANCIS, manu
facturer, was born in Attleborough, Mass.
He is the builder and president of The
Attleborough Branch railroad; manager of
The North Attleborough Gas company;
and president of The North Attleborough
National bank.
BARROWS, JOHN HENRY, clergyman,
author, was born in 1847 in Michigan. He
is a presbyterian clergyman of Chi
cago, and the author of The Gospels are
True History; I Believe in God the Father
Almighty; Henry Ward Beecher, the Pul
pit Jupiter; and Life of Henry Ward
Beecher.
BARROWS, JOHN OTIS, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born Aug. 4, 1833, in
Mansfield, Conn. He has filled many im
portant pastorates in the congregational
church, and is the author of On Horse
back in Cappadocia and many po
ems of merit have appeared from the pen
of this eminent divine.
BARROWS, SAMUEL JUNE, clergy
man, congressman, author, was born
May 26, 1845, in New York city. He was
fifteen years chaplain of the fifth regi
ment Massachusetts militia, and was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican. He is the author of The Shay-
backs in Camp; The Baptist Meeting
House; Science and Immortality; Isles
and Shrines of Greece; and various other
works.
BARROWS, WILLARD, civil engineer,
author, was born in 1806 in Monson, Mass.
He accomplished the government survey
of the Choctaw purchase, in Mississippi,
finishing that work in 1835. Later he ex
plored Cedar river, which at that time
was scarcely known, and in 1837 was en
gaged on the first surveys of Iowa. In
1840 he surveyed the islands in Missis
sippi river between Rock Island and
Quincy. He published several accounts
of his experiences, including Barrows's
New Map of Iowa, with Notes, and His
torical Sketch of Scott County. He died
Jan. 3, 1868, in Davenport, Iowa.
BARROWS, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1815 in Massachusetts.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Massachusetts, and the author of The
Church and the Children; The Indian's
Side of the Indian Question; Oregon, the
Struggle for Possession; The United
States of Yesterday and To-morrow; and
Twelve Nights in the Hunter's Camp. He
died in 1891.
BARRY, BELLE B., poet, has contrib
uted many poems of rare merit to the peri
odical press, which have been incor
porated into several standard works. She
is the wife of Isaac E. Barry, a prominent
business man of Knoxville, Tenn.
BARRY, F. G., soldier, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 15,
1845, in Woodbury, Tenn. He served in
the confederate army during the civil
war, and engaged in the practice of law
at West Point, Mississippi. He was a
state senator from 1875 to 1879; was a
presidential elector in 1880, and was elect
ed a representative from Mississippi to
the forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses.
BARRY, HENRY W., soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in New York
city. He entered the union army as a
private early in the war; organized the
first regiment of colored troops raised in
Kentucky, and commanded a brigade and
for a time a division of the army. He was
brevetted twice for gallant and meritori
ous conduct, the last brevet being major-
general. He was elected a member of the
state constitutional convention of Mis
sissippi in 1867; was elected to the state
senate of Mississippi in 1868; and was
elected to the forty-first, forty-second stod
forty-third congresses. He died June 7,
1875, In Washington, D. C.
BARRY, JOHN, naval officer, was born
in 1754 in Ireland. He served through the
revolutionary war as a naval officer, and
at the close of the
war, the United
States established a
new navy, and Barry
was named senior of
ficer. In 1776 he com
manded the brig Lex
ington, the first
continental vessel
which sailed from the
port of Philadelphia,
and with which he
made the first cap
ture of a British war
vessel accomplished by an American cruis
er. He subsequently commanded the Ef-
flngham, Raleigh, the Alliance and other
war vessels. He died Sept. 30, 1803, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BARRY, JOHN DANIEL, author, was
born in 1866 in Massachusetts. He is
the author of A Daughter of Thespis;
The Intriguers, a- novel; Mademoiselle
Blanche; and The Princess Margarethe, a
fairy tale.
BARRY, JOHN STETSON, clergyman,
author, was born March 26, 1819, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a universalist clergy
man, and the author of The Stetson Gen
ealogy; and History of Massachusetts. He
died Dec. 11, 1872, in St. Louis, Mo.
BARRY, JOHN STEWART, state sena
tor, governor, was born Jan. 29, 1802, in
Amherst, N. H. Upon the organ
ization of the Michigan state government
he was elected a state senator, and in 1841
chosen governor of the state. He was re-
elected in 1843, and also in 1849; and was
also, on two occasions, a presidential
elector. He died Jan. 14, 1870, in Constan-
tine, Mich.
BARRY, NICHOLAS J., physician, was
born in 1865, in La Crosse, Fla. Is a prom
inent physician and drug merchant of
Yular, Fla. He received his education in
the schools of Lebanon, Ohio, and at col
leges in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Atlanta,
Ga.
BARRY, PATRICK, horticulturist, au
thor, was born in May, 1816, near Bel
fast, Ireland. He. edited the Genesee
Farmer in 1844-52; and was editor of
The Horticulturist in 1852-54. He wrote
extensively on subjects connected with
pomology and flowers, and in 1851 pro
duced a Treatise on the Fruit Garden.
His most important book is the complete
and valuable Catalogue of the American
Pomological Society, which has long been
a standard work. He died June 23, 1890,
in Rochester, N. Y.
BARRY, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 10, 1805, in Boston, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Chicago; and the author of Rights and
Duties of Neighboring Churches;
Thoughts on Christian Doctrine; History
of Framingham; and Antiquities of Wis
consin. He died Jan. 17, 1885, in Chicago,
111.
BARRY, WILLIAM FARQUHAR, sol
dier, was born Aug. 8, 1818, in New York
city. In 1865 he was made brevet briga
dier-general, United States army, for his
services in the campaign ending with the
surrender of the army under Gen. J. I
Johnston, and on the same day was made
brevet major-general for gallant conduct
in the field. He was the author in conjunc
tion with Gen. Barnard, of Reports of the
Engineer and Artillery Operations of the
Army of the Potomac from its Organiza
tion to the Close of the Peninsular Cam
paign. He died July 18, 1879. in Balti
more, Md.
BARRY, WILLIAM T., legislator, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb 5
1785, m Lunenburg, Va. He served' in
the state legislature as speaker; during
the years 1810-11 was a representative in
congress; was a senator in congress
from Kentucky from 1814-16; and was
also a member of President Jackson's
cabinet, as postmaster-general. He died
Aug. 30, 1835, in Liverpool, England.
BARRY, WILLIAM T. S., lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born Dec 10
1821, in Columbus, Miss. He was a mem
ber of the legislature from 1849 to 1851-
was a representative in congress from
Mississippi from 1853-55; was speaker of
the state legislature in 1855; seceded from
the Charleston convention in 1860; and
was president of the Secession convention
of Mississippi, and member of the Provi
sional congress. He entered the confeder
ate army in 1861, and commanded the
thirty-fifth Mississippi regiment from 1862
until captured at Mobile in 1865; he after
ward practiced law in Columbus. He
died Jan. 29, 1868, in Columbus, Miss.
BARRYMORE, WILLIAM, actor. He
came to the United States in 1826, and was
stage manager of the Bowery theater.
His first appearance here as an actor was
Jan. 28, 1832, at the Walnut street theater,
Philadelphia, in the pantomime of Mother
Goose. He died in 1847, in Boston, Mass.
BARSTOW, GAMALIEL H., business
man, state senator, congressman. He was
treasurer of the state of New York from
1825-38; served three years in the assem
bly of New York; four years in the state
senate; and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1831-33. He
died in April, 1865, in Nichols, N. Y.
BARSTOW, GEORGE EAMES, manu
facturer, state legislator, was born Nov.
19, 1849, in Providence, R. I. He was
educated in the pub-
i» -t lie schools and at
Mowry and Goff's
English and Classi
cal school of Provi
dence. For four
years he was a mem
ber of the common
council; and for
fourteen years was
a member of the
school board, being
president thereof
during his last year
of service. During 1894-97 he was a
representative in the Rhode Island leg
islature. He is a successful manufac
turer; and founder of the town of Bars-
tow, the county seat of Ward county,
as. He is a member of the Rhode
Island Historical society and other insti
tutions; and his descriptive and other
writings frequently appear in current
literature.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
85
BARSTOW, GIDEON, legislator, con
gressman, was born in Massachusetts He
served in both branches of the legislature
that state; and was a representative
m congress from 1821 to 1823. He died
March 26, 1852, in St. Augustine, Fla.
BARSTOW, JOHN L., soldier, legislator,
state senator, governor, was born Feb.
21, 1832, in Shelburne, Vt. He served in
the union army from 1861 to 1864, rising
to the rank of major; and was made brig
adier-general of state troops at the time
of the St. Albans raid. He was a repre
sentative in the state legislature in 1864-
65; a state senator in 1860-68; and was
United States pension agent at Burling
ton, Vt., from 1870-78. In 1880 he was
elected lieutenant-governor for the term
of two years; and in 1882 was elected
governor of Vermont for the term of two
years.
BARSTOW, WILLIAM A., soldier gov
ernor, was born in 1811. He was' gov
ernor of Wisconsin from 1854 to 1856
When the rebellion commenced he raised
a regiment of cavalry for the war and
was appointed its colonel. He rendered
important service on courts-martial at
St. Louis. He died Dec. 14, 1865, in Lea-
venworth, Kan.
BARSTOW, WILSON, soldier, was born
m 1830. He served from the first year
the war until its close with zeal and
ability, entering the service as a lieuten
ant, and, passing through the successive
grades, attained the brevet rank of brig
adier-general in 1865. He died March
16, 1869, in New York city.
BARSTOW, ZEDEKIAH SMITH edu-
ncat°r. legislator, author, was born Oct 4,
1790, in Canterbury, Conn. In 1818 he be
came pastor of a congregational church
m Keene, N. H. He continued to teach
the classics after his settlement at Keene
and the late Chief-Justice Chase was one
of his pupils. In 1868-69 he was a member
of the New Hampshire legislature and
chaplain of that body. He published many
sermons, dissertations, and essays, and
was a frequent contributor to religious
periodicals. He died March 1, 1873 in
Keene, N. H.
BARTEAU, CLARK RUSSELL, soldier,
awyer, was born April 7, 1835, near Cleve
land, Ohio. He received his education in
Wesleyan university of Delaware
Ohio. Prior to the war he went south
and became principal of the Male acad
emy of Hartsville, Tenn., in 1856; and
two years later became the editor and
owner of The Hartsville Plaindealer. Dur
ing the war he was colonel of cavalry
known as Barteau's Second Tennessee'
in the confederate service. He was known
as a fighter; was cool but impetuous in
action, and was wounded in many bat
tles, including Shiloh, Murfreesboro
Franklin, Harrisburg, and Okolona; and
on Dec. 6, 1864, was disabled for the rest
of the war. In 1866 he was admitted to
the bar; and in 1870 removed to Bartlett,
Tenn., and practices law in Memphis.
gress he was chairman of the committee
on immigration, and reported and passed
the so-called Bartholdt-McCall bill which
provided an educational test for immi
grants.
BARTHOLOMEW, EDWARD SHEF
FIELD, sculptor, was born in 1822 in Col
chester, Conn. Among his best-known
works are Blind Homer led by his Daugh
ter; Eve; Campagna Shepherd Boy; Ge
nius of Painting; Youth and Old Age-
Evening Star; Eve Repentant; Wash
ington and Flora; A Monument to
Charles Carroll; Belisarius at the Porta
Pincinia; and Ganymede. The Wads-
worth gallery, Hartford, Conn., contains
a large number of his works. He died
May 2, 1858, in Naples, Italy.
BARTHOLOMEW, MILES MAR
SHALL, inventor, was born Feb. 3, 1844,
in Vienna, Ohio. He invented a type
writer aad took out his first natent in
1879.
BARTHOLOMEW, PLINY WEBSTER,
lawyer, jurist, was born Aug. 4, 1340, in
Cabotville, Mass. He graduated in 1864
from the Union college of Schenectady,
N. Y., and has attained success as an
able lawyer of Indianapolis, Ind. He
has been commissioner for New York and
Connecticut, in Indiana; trustee of the
American college of Indianapolis; and
judge of the superior court during 1892-
96.
BARTH, WILLIAM, capitalist, was
born in 1829, in Germany. Foreseeing
the great future of Denver, he at an
early day bought a large amount of
local real estate. He took an active part
in building The South Park railroad and
The Denver, Texas and Gulf railroad.
For ten years he was president of the
City National bank, of Denver, Colo.
BARTHOLDT, RICHARD, journalist,
congressman, was born Nov. 2, 1853, in
Germany. He came to this country
_ when a boy; re-
^fe^^ ceived a classical
•|^ education; learned
^k the printing trade
I and has remained
ifcfc. f a newspaper man
^gvif ever since. He was
Vm connected with sev-
( eral eastern papers
mft. \ ils reporter. legis-
•AJl lative correspond
ent, and editor, and
was at the time of
his election to con
gress editor-in-chief of the St. Louis
Tribune. He was elected to the board
of public schools of St. Louis, and in
1891 was chosen its president. He was
elected to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican, by over
16,000 majority. In the fifty-fourth con-
BARTHOLOW, ROBERTS, physician,
author, was born Nov. 18, 1831, in How
ard county, Md. He is a physician and
medical professor of Philadelphia. He
is the author of Materia Medica and
Therapeutics; Practice of Medicine;
Medical Electricity; and The Antagonism
between Medicines and between Remedies
and Diseases.
BARTINE, HORACE F., soldier, law
yer, journalist, congressman, was born
March 21, 1848, in New York city. He
enlisted as a private
soldier during the
civil war in the
eighth regiment of
the New Jersey vol
unteers, and was se
verely wounded in
the breast at the
battle of the Wil
derness. He was
subsequently i n
nearly all of the
principal engage
ments in which the
army of the Potomac took part. In 1869
nf-m?cod 4? Nevada- and resided there
1895. In 1888 he was elected to con-
and received the re-election in
He is now the editor of The Bi-
metallist of Washington, D. C.
BARTINE, JOHN D.. lawyer, jurist
T aS,o^rn. in 1836- in Princeton, N. J.'
L»b5 he moved to Somerville N J
where he was appointed law judge in
m, receiving the reappointment in 1890
and again in 1895. Although he has been
twelve years on the bench, such decisions
f his as have been taken to higher courts
have not been reversed in a single in
stance, which proves his wisdom and in
timate knowledge of the law.
BARTLETT, A. EUGENE, clergyman
lecturer, author, was born Dec. 23, 1873,
m Boston, Mass. He graduated from
Tufts college, and received the degree of
bachelor of theology. He has been secre
tary of the Boston Ministers' association;
is an earnest advocate of woman's suf
frage; is prominent in many reform
movements; and is the author of
Thought Pits.
86
HEHRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BARTLETT, ALICE ELOISE, author,
poet, was born Sept. 24, 1848, in Dela-
van, Wis. She is widely known by the
pen name of Birch Arnold. In 1872 she
began to write for the Toledo Blade; and
is the author of two novels entitled Un
til the Daybreak, and A New Aristocracy.
She has written numerous meritorious
poems, which have appeared in current
magazines and in several standard col
lections.
BARTLETT, ASA, jurist. He was ap
pointed chief justice of the United States
court for the territory of Dakota.
BARTLETT, BAILEY, congressman.
He was sheriff of Essex county, Mass.,
for many years, and a representative in
congress from Massachusetts from 1797
to 1801.
BARTLETT, CHARLES G., soldier.
For many years he served his country as
a soldier, and is now a colonel in the
United States army.
BARTLETT, CHARLES HENRY, naval
legislator, was born Oct. 15, 1833, in Sun-
apee, N. H. He served with distinction
in the New Hampshire state senate in
1883; and was made president of that
body. He resides in Manchester, and his
portrait hangs in the new library build
ing of the state capitol.
BARTLETT. CHARLES L., lawyer,
jurist, legislator, congressman, was born
Jan. 31, ]853, in Monticello, Ga. He re
moved from Monticello to Macon, Ga.. in
1875, and has resided in Macon since
then; was educated in the schools at
Monticello, the university of Georgia, and
the university of Virginia; and graduated
at the university of Georgia in August,
1870. He studied law at the university
of Virginia and was admitted to the bar
in August, 1872. He was appointed so
licitor-general (prosecuting attorney) for
the Macon judicial court Jan. 31, 1877, and
served in that capacity until Jan. 31, 1881;
was elected to the house of representa
tives of Georgia in 1882-83, and again in
1884-85, and to the state senate in 1889.
He was elected judge of the superior
court of the Macon circuit in 1893; and
was elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-
fifth congresses.
BARTLETT, CLARENCE, lecturer, was
born May 22, 1858, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
He attained prominence as a lecturer on
neurology in many prominent colleges;
and is the author of a work entitled
Farrington Clinical Materia Medica.
BARTLETT, DAVID LEWIS, manu
facturer, was born Dec. 6, 1816, in Hadley,
Mass. His firm are among the most ex
tensive manufacturers of architectural
iron and gas works in the United States.
They have erected gas plants at Milwau
kee, Wis., Brooklyn, N. Y., Newark, Ho-
boken, and Morristown, N. J., Boston,
Brookline and Haverhill, Mass., Wash
ington, D. C., Montreal, Canada, and Ha
vana, Cuba.
BARTLETT, EDWIN JULIUS, educa
tor, was born Feb. 16, 1851, in Hudson,
Ohio. He was graduated at Lake Forest
academy in 1868, and at Dartmouth in
1872, after which he studied at Rush
medical college, receiving his degree in
1879. From 1879 till 1883 he was associate
professor of chemistry in Dartmouth col
lege, and in 1883 he became full professor.
BARTLETT, ELISHA, physician, au
thor, was born in 1805, in Smithfield, R.
I. He was a Rhode Island physician; and
the author of The Fevers of the United
States; and Simple Settings in Verse for
Portraits and Pictures in Mr. Dicken's
Gallery. He died July 18, 1855. in Smith-
field, R. I.
BARTLETT, ELIZABETH COLLIS,
author, was born Nov. 5, 1838, in New
Haven, Conn. Mrs. Bartlett's husband
was editor of the Scientific American.
After his death she became a writer of
short stories, and at present is writing
stories on English history.
BARTLETT, FRANKLIN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 10, 1847, in
Worcester county, Mass. In 1890 he
served as a member of the constitutional
commission of the state of New York;
in 1892 was a delegate from New York to
the democratic national convention at
Chicago; and was elected to the fifty-
third and re-elected to the fifty-fourth
congresses.
BARTLETT, HOMER LYMAN, physi
cian, was born in Jericho, Vt. He was
consulting physician to Kings county
hospital; and in 1881 was a delegate to
the Physicians' Mutual Aid association.
He has contributed freely to medical
journals; and also written a series of
Sketches of Long Island.
BARTLETT, ICHABOD, lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born July 24,
1786, in Salisbury, N. H. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New Hamp
shire from 1823-29; was also frequently
in the state legislature, and was a mem
ber o£ the convention to revise the state
constitution. He died Oct. 19, 1853, in
Portsmouth, N. H.
BARTLETT, JOHN, journalist, author,
was born June 14, 1820, in Plymouth,
Mass. He was formerly a Boston pub
lisher, well known as the editor of Fa
miliar Quotations, which reached a ninth
edition in 1891. He is the author of The
Shakespeare Phrase-Book; and A Com
plete Concordance to Shakespeare.
BARTLETT, JOHN RUSSELL, public
official, author, was born Oct. 23, 1805, in
Providence, R. I. He was at one time
secretary of state in
Rhode Island; and
was the author of
Records of the Col
ony of Rhode Island;
Memoir of Rhode
Island Officers in the
War of the Rebel
lion; Primeval Man;
^ | Genealogy of the
Russell Family; Dic
tionary of Ameri
canisms; and Prog
ress of Ethnology.
He edited the Letters of Roger Williams.
He died May 28, 1886, in Providence, R. I.
BARTLETT, JOSEPH, poet, was born
June 10. 1762, in Plymouth, Mass. He
was a satirical poet whose New Vicar of
Bray once attracted considerable atten
tion. He died Oct. 20, 1827, in Boston,
Mass.
BARTLETT, JOSEPH J., diplomat, was
born about 1820, in New York. In 1867
he was appointed minister resident to
Sweden and Norway, where he remained
until 1869.
BARTLETT, JOSIAH, jurist, governor,
was born Nov. 21, 1729, in Amesbury,
Mass. He was educated for the medical
profession; held commissions, both mili
tary and civil, under the royal govern
ment; accompanied Stark to Bennington
as medical agent; was a delegate from
New Hampshire to the continental con
gress from 1775 to 1779, and signed the
articles of confederation and declaration
of independence. He was appointed, in
the latter year, chief justice of the court
of common pleas; justice of the superior
court in 1784, and chief justice in 1788.
In 1790 he was appointed president of
New Hampshire, and elected by the peo
ple in 1791 and 1792. In 1793 he was
elected governor of New Hampshire
under the constitution, serving two years.
He was the president of a medical society
established by his efforts in 1791. He
died May 19, 1795, in New Hampshire.
BARTLETT, JOSIAH, physician, con
gressman, was born in 1768, in New
Hampshire. He was a physician of ex
tensive practice; a representative in con
gress from New Hampshire from 1811
to 1813; and a presidential elector in
1792 and 1825. His father, bearing the
same name, was a man of note, and the
first governor of New Hampshire, after
the adoption of the federal constitution.
He died April 14, 1838, in Stratham N.
H.
BARTLETT, MARY RUSSELL, author.
She is a graduate of Wellesley college;
and her poems constantly appear in cur
rent publications.
BARTLETT, NAPIER, soldier, journal
ist, author, was born in 1836, in Georgia.
He was the author of Clarimonde, a
novelette; Stories of the Crescent City;
and A Soldier's Story of the War. He
died in 1877.
BARTLETT, PETER MASON, clergy
man, banker, was born Feb. 6, 1820, in
Salisbury, Conn. In 1850 he graduated
from Williams college; and in 1853 from
the Union Theological seminary of New
York city. He has been general agent of
the American Tract society; and has
filled pastorates in Circleville, Ohio;
Lansingburgh, N. Y.; and Windsor
Locks, Conn. He served as chaplain of
the first New York mounted rifles during
1862-63. In 1868 he was elected president
of the Maryville college, Tenn.: and for
nearly twenty years filled the chair of
Mental and Moral Philosophy, and of
Didactic Theology in that institution.
He has been president of several business
firms of Tennessee, and is now president
of the bank of Maryville.
BARTLETT, RALPH W., lawyer, edu
cator, was born June 13, 1865, in North
Brookfield, Mass. He is a graduate from
Amherst college and the Boston univer
sity law school; and is a member of the
bar. Since 1894 he has been instructor
of real property at the Boston university
school of law.
BARTLETT, SAMUEL COLCORD,
eighth president of Dartmouth college,
was born Nov. 25, 1817, in Salisbury, N.
H. In 1836 he graduated from Dartmouth
college; then began educational work.
In 1843 he became pastor of the congre
gational church in Monson, Mass.; and
three years later assumed the duties of
the professorship of intellectual philoso
phy and rhetoric in the Western Reserve
college. In 1852 he returned to the min
istry; filled pastorates in Manchester,
N. H., and Chicago, 111.; and became one
of the editors of the Congregational Her
ald. In 1858 he was chosen professor of
biblical literature in the Chicago Theo
logical seminary; was elected president
of Vermont university in 1866; and in
1877 became president of Dartmouth col
lege. After fifteen years of service he
resigned in 1892. He is the author of Life
and Death Eternal; from Egypt to Pales
tine; and other works.
BARTLETT, THOMAS, JR., lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born in Ver
mont. He adopted the profession of the
law; and was a representative in con-
Hi'fHs from Vermont from 1851 to 1853.
lie served three years in the state legis
lature, in both houses.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
87
BARTLETT, THOMAS EDWARD, con
tractor, genealogist, was born April 17,
1838, in Smithfield, R. I. He received his
education at the Maine Wesleyan semi
nary, and the Quaker school of Provi
dence, R. I. He is a successful contractor
of Worcester, Mass., and the author of a
genealogy of the Bartletts.
BARTLETT, THOMAS ELLIOTT,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 20,
1853, in Newburyport, Mass. He gradu
ated from Brown university and New
ton Theological institute, and since 1880
has been pastor of South Baptist church,
of Providence, R. I. He is the author of
several books.
BARTLETT, WASHINGTON, governor,
was born Feb. 29, 1824, in Savannah, Ga.
He published the first book printed in
California, entitled California as It Is
and as It May Be. In 1886 he was chosen
governor of California, and held that
office until the time of his death. He
died Sept. 2, 1887.
BARTLETT, WILLIAM, philanthro
pist, was born Jan. 31, 1748, in Newbury
port, Mass. Entering on a mercantile
career, before the revolution, he suc
ceeded, with economy, in amassing a for
tune, which he largely spent in charity,
and for the advancement of religion and
morals. At the foundation of Andover
theological seminary, in 1807, he gave it
$30,000, endowed a professorship, and
built a house for the use of the incum
bent. His gifts to this institution reached
$250,000, and he also gave largely toward
temperance work, missions, and the edu
cation of ministers. He died Feb. 8,
1841, in Newburyport, Mass.
BARTLETT, WILLIAM FRANCIS, sol
dier, was born Jan. 6, 1840, in Haverhill,
Mass. He served in the civil war as
captain of the 57th Massachusetts volun
teers, and was promoted brigadier-general
for gallant and meritorious conduct. He
died Dec. 17, 1876, in Pittsfield, Mass.
BARTLETT, WILLIAM HOLMS
CHAMBERS, scientist, author, was born
in 1809, in Lancaster, Pa. He was a
prominent scientist, who was from 1834-
71 an instructor at West Point. He was
the author of Treatise on Optics; Analy
tical Mechanics; and Spherical Astrono
my. He died in 1893.
BARTLETT, WILLIAM PITT GREEN
WOOD, mathematician, author, was born
Oct. 27, 1837, in Boston, Mass. He be
came one of the corps of computers for
the Nautical Almanac. He published
several papers on the elements of quater
nions in the Mathematical Monthly, and
on interpolation in the Memoirs of the
American Academy. He died Jan. 13,
1865, in Cambridge, Mass.
BARTLEY, ELIAS HUDSON, chemist,
author, was born Dec. 6, 1849, in Bartley-
ville, N. J. In 1882 he was appointed
chief chemist to the health department,
Brooklyn. He is also consulting sanita
rian to the hospital for nervous diseases,
and visiting physician to the sheltering
arms nursery. Dr. Bartley is a member
of numerous medical and other scientific
societies, and president of the American
Society of Public Analysts. He has con
tributed several articles to Wood's House
hold Practice of Medicine; and is the
author of A Text-Book of Medical Chem
istry.
BARTLEY, MORDECAI, soldier, agri
culturalist, governor, was born Dec. 16,
1783, in Fayette county, Pa. He was cap
tain and adjutant, under Harrison, in the
war of 1812; and was a state senator in
1817 and 1818. He was a representative
in congress from Ohio from 1823 to 1831;
and governor of Ohio from 1844 to 1846.
He died Oct. 12, 187.0, in Mansfield, Ohio.
BARTLEY, THOMAS W., lawyer,
jurist, state senator, governor, was born
Feb. 11, 1812, in Jefferson county, Pa.
He served two years in the house of rep
resentatives, and four years in the senate
of Ohio. In 1851 he was elected judge of
the supreme court of Ohio, and served in
that position two terms, three years of
the time as chief justice of the court. In
1844, when Governor Shannon resigned
to become minister to Mexico, Mr. Bart-
ley, as president of the senate, became
the governor.
BARTOL, CYRUS AUGUSTUS, clergy
man, author, poet, was born April 30,
1813, in Freeport, Maine. His first and
only settlement in
•••P'M~~**|BM| the ministry was as
I colleague with Rev.
I Dr. Charles Lowell,
I at West church, Bos
ton, in 1837. In 1861
I he became and still
remains sole pastor,
_.,^j having rendered dis-
•jjjfc* jft I tinguished service
Jig* '•>• ^B I of more than half a
BL ^J I century over one of
f \ the oldest and most
influential societies
of Boston. This noted Unitarian clergy
man is prominent as a leader of radical
religious thought; and has always been
active in philanthropic movements. He
is the author of Pictures of Europe;
Christian Spirit and Life; Radical
Problems; The Rising Faith; Principles
and Portraits; Church and Congregation;
and Christian Body and Form.
•
BARTON, MRS. ANNA, pastor, poet,
was born Oct. 26, 1842, in Western New
York. After engaging in active church
service for many years, in 1886 she as
sumed the position of pastor of the Free
Baptist church, of Paw Paw, Mich. In
1882 she published a volume of poems,
entitled For Friendship's Sake.
BARTON, BENJAMIN SMITH, physi
cian, author, was born Feb. 10, 1766, in
Lancaster, Pa. He was a noted physician
of Philadelphia; and the author of Ob
servations on Some Parts of Natural His
tory; New Views on the Origin of the
Tribes of North America; and Elements
of Botany. He died Dec. 19, 1815, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BARTON, CLARA, philanthropist, was
born in 1830, in North Oxford, Mass. She
was educated at Clinton, N. Y. She
founded a free school at Bordentown, N.
J.; was clerk in the United States pat
ent office from 1854 to 1861; devoted her
self to the care of sick and wounded sol
diers during the civil war; went to Eu
rope and did hospital work iu the
Franco-German war; aided the Red
Cross movement; assisted the poor at
Paris and Strasburg; returning, she be
came the head of the Red Cross society,
and in 1896 went to Turkey to aid the
persecuted Armenians. In 1898 she went
to Cuba, and had charge of distributing
supplies furnished by the United States
government.
BARTON, DAVID, congressman, was
born in 1785, in Boonville, Mo. He was
one of the first emigrants to the territory
of Missouri; president of the convention
which met to form a state constitution
in 1820; and was a senator in congress
from Missouri from 1821 to 1831. He
died Sept. 28, 1837, near Boonville, Mo.
BARTON, HUBBARD ALONZO, jour
nalist, poet, was born May 12, 1842, in
Croydon, N. H. This well-known New
Hampshire editor
was educated in the
schools of his native
town and by private
instruction, and for
many years was
superintendent of
schools. Early de
veloping a literary
taste he contributed
much, both in prose
and verse, to the
public press. In
1879 he became the
editor and senior proprietor of the New
Hampshire Argus and Spectator, a well-
known democratic newspaper published
at Newport, N. H., which was established
in 1823, by his great uncle, the Hon. Cy
rus Barton; and for the past twenty
years he has been continuously connected
with that publication.
BARTON, RICHARD W., legislator,
congressman, was born in Virginia. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1841 to 1843; also served
in the state legislature; and was the first
president of the Valley Agricultural so
ciety. He died March 15, 1859, in Fred
erick county, Va.
BARTON, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in New- York. He served three
years in the assembly of that state; and
was a representative in congress from
1835 to 1837.
BARTON, THOMAS, clergyman, was
born in 1730, in Monaghan, Ireland. He
was for nearly twenty years rector of St.
James church, Lancaster, Pa. He died
May 25, 1780, in New York.
BARTON, WILLIAM, soldier, was born
May 26, 1748, in Warren, R. I. He was a
soldier in the revolutionary war; and
received the rank of colonel and a sword
for his services. He died Oct. 22, 1831,
in Providence, R. I.
BARTON, WILLIAM PAUL CRILLON,
physician, surgeon, botanist, author, was
born Nov. 17, 1786, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He organized the United States naval
bureau of medicine and surgery, and was
known both as botanist and surgeon. He
was the author of Vegetable Materia Med-
ica of the United States; Flora of North
America; Medical Botany; and Compen
dium Florae Philadelphia?. He died Feb.
9, 1856, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BARTOW, A. A., educator, journalist,
poet, was born Sept. 3, 1851, in Huron,
Ohio. Until 1889 he was engaged in edu
cational work; and then became editor
of the Cincinnati Public School Journal.
At the age of twelve he was a drummer
boy in the union army.
BARTRAM, JOHN, botanist, author,
was born March 23, 1699, in Darby, Pa.
He was a shrewd, careful observer whom
Linnaeus termed the greatest natural
botanist in the world, and was called the
father of American botany. He was the
author of Observations on the Inhabi
tants, Climate, etc., as made by Mr. John
Bartram in his Travels from Pennsyl
vania to Onondaga, etc. A similar record
of travels in eastern Florida appeared in
1766. He died Sept. 22, 1777, in King-
sessing, Pa.
BARTRAM, JOSEPH BURR, merchant,
was born May 17, 1839, in Black Rock,
Conn. He is extensively engaged in the
importation of sugar from the West In
dies, having plantations on the islands
of St. Croix and San Domingo, and con
trolling the product of several others.
88
HERRTNGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BARTRAM, WILLIAM, botanist, au
thor, was born Feb. 9, 1739, in Kingsess-
ing, Pa. He was a botanist and traveler
of Pennsylvania; and the author of
Travel Through North and South Caro
lina, Georgia, etc.; and Observations on
the Creek and Cherokee Indians. He
died July 22, 1823, in Kingsessing, Pa.
EARWIG, CHARLES, merchant, con
gressman, -was born March 19, 1837, in
Germany. He emigrated to America with
his parents in 1845, locating at Milwau
kee. He graduated from the Spencerian
business college in 1857; located at May-
ville in 1865; and was elected to the fifty-
first, fifty-second and fifty-third con
gresses.
BARZEE, CLARK LOUIS, educator,
college president, poet, was born Jan. 5,
1864, in Marion county, Ore. He has been
president of the Jefferson institute, Ore
gon; president of the Mineral Spring col
lege, of Sodaville, Ore., of which institu
tion he was the founder; and is now
president of the state normal school, of
Drain, Ore. For several years he was the
editor of the Oregon School Journal; is
the author of a work entitled X-Rays on
the Public Schools; and is the author of
• a number of meritorious poems.
BASCOM, HENRY BIDLEMAN, bishop,
author, was born May 27, 1796, in Han
cock, N. Y. He was a bishop of the
methodist church; and the author of
Sermons from the Pulpit; Mental and
Moral Science; and Methodism and
Slavery. He died Sept. 8, 1850, in Louis
ville, Ky.
BASCOM, JOHN, author, was born May
1, 1827, in Genoa, N. Y. He is a philo
sophical writer, and from 1874-87 was
president of Wisconsin university, and
subsequently professor of political science
at Williams college. He is the author of
Elements of Psychology; ^Esthetics; Po
litical Economy for Colleges; Science,
Philosophy, and Religion; Natural The
ology; The Science of Mind; The Words
of Christ; Philosophy of English Litera
ture; Comparative Psychology; Problems
in Philosophy; Sociology, Social Theory;
Ethics; The New Theology; Historical
Interpretation of Philosophy; and A Phil
osophy of Religion.
BASHFORD, HERBERT, author, poet,
was born in 1871, in Sioux City, Iowa.
A poem written at the age of fifteen was
accepted by the Critic, and his poems have
appeared in several standard works.
BASHFORD, JAMES WHITFORD,
clergyman, college president, was born
in 1849, in Fayette, Wis. He has held
various pastorates, had frequent calls to
take up educational work, and in 1889
was elected president of the Ohio Wesley-
an university.
BASHFORD, ROBERT McKEE. lawyer,
legislator, was born Dec. 31, 1845, in Fay
ette, Wis. He graduated from the state
university of Wisconsin in ancient
classics in 1870; and in law the follow
ing year. During 1880-85 he was city
attorney of Madison, Wis.; a delegate to
the national democratic convention in
1884; and in 1890 was mayor of that city.
During 1884-85 and since 1893 he has been
professor in a law school of the state
university of Wisconsin. During 1892-96
he was a member of the Wisconsin state
senate, and served with distinction in
that body.
BASKERVILL, WILLIAM MALONE,
educator, author, was born April 1, 1850,
In Fayette county, Tenn. He has been
professor of Latin and French in Wofford
college, S. C.; and of English language
and literature in the Vanderbilt univer
sity. He is the author of Joel Chandler
Harris, a biographical and critical study.
BASS, EDWARD, bishop, was born
Nov. 23, 1726, in Dorchester, Mass. He was
consecrated in Philadelphia in 1797, and
his jurisdiction extended over the
churches in Rhode Island and New
Hampshire. He died Sept. 10, 1803, in
Newburyport, Mass.
BASS, JOHN H., soldier, business man,
financier, was born Nov. 9, 1835, in Sa
lem, Ky. During the war he served the
union cause in the
thirtieth regiment
Indiana volunteer
infantry. He es
tablished the Fort
Wayne Machine
works, and in 1869
extended his opera
tions by founding
the St. Louis Car
Wheel company, of
which he was presi
dent. Since 1880 he
has owned a plant
for the manufacture of pig iron in north
eastern Alabama, whence that commodity
is shipped to his establishments in Fort
Wayne, Chicago, and St. Louis. He is
the president of the old national bank of
Fort Wayne; owns the Brookside farm;
and nearly twenty thousand acres of val
uable mineral land in Alabama. In 1888
he was a delegate at large to the demo
cratic national convention, and was the
same year nominated one of the presi
dential electors.
BASS, JOSIAH LUSTER, merchant
was born Feb. 20, 1853, in DeKalb county,
Tenn. He established a large dry goods
house in Griffin, Rome and Atlanta; and
has been a prominent leader in public
industrial affairs.
BASS, LYMAN K., lawyer, congress
man, was born Nov. 13, 1836, in Alden, N.
Y. He was elected district attorney for
Erie county in 1865, for three years; and
was re-elected in 1868; and served until
1872. He was renominated and was elected
to the forty-third and forty-fourth con
gresses.
BASS, WILLIAM C., clergyman, college
president, was born Jan. 13, 1831, in Au
gusta, Ga. He entered the ministry of
the methodist church in 1852, and has
given his later life to the work of edu
cation in Georgia. He became a professor
in the Wesleyan Female college in 1859,
and succeeded to the presidency in 1874.
BASSETT, ALLAN LEE, soldier, jour
nalist, insurance president, was born Feb.
28, 1827, near Birmingham, Conn. For
twenty years he was
a successful mer
chant of New York
city. He served with
distinction through
the civil war in the
twenty-third New
York regiment. In
1866 he established
The Northern
Monthly and New
Jersey Magazine, of
Irvington, N. J.,
which subsequently
became Putnam's Magazine. In 1873 he
organized the Prudential Insurance com
pany, now one of the most important in
stitutions of its kind in America; and
he became its first president. He died
Dec. 4, 1892, in Newark, N. J. His son
Carrol Phillips Bassett, still resides in
Newark, N. J.
BASSETT, ARTHUR, merchant, was
born Jan. 17, 1861, in Fairfield. Mich. In
1882 he was elected great commander of
the Order of the Knights of the Macca
bees, at Port Huron, Mich., where he is
a wholesale druggist and successful man
of affairs.
BASSETT, BURWELL, congressman,
was born in New Kent county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from
that state in 1805-13, from 1815 to 1819,
and from 1821 to 1831.
BASSETT, CARROLL PHILLIPS, civil
engineer, author, was born Feb. 27, 1862,
in Brooklyn, N. Y. He was president of
the New Jersey Sanitary association from
1892-93; is chief engineer of the Com
monwealth Water company; and has de
signed and constructed the waterworks,
the sewerage, and sewage purification
works of many towns in New Jersey, New
York, Pennsylvania and Delaware. He
is the author of The Conservation of
Streams, and Inland Sewage Disposal.
BASSETT, HOMER FRANKLIN, li
brarian, was born Sept. 2, 1826, in Flori
da, Mass. In 1872 he was appointed li
brarian of the Silas Bronson library, of
Waterbury, Conn.
BASSETT, J. ANTHONY, educator, was
born Dec. 25, 1850, in Denmark, N. Y. He
received a thorough education in the Low-
ville academy and the Rochester univer
sity. For twelve years he was in charge
of the departments of science and mathe
matics in the old Gouverneur Wesleyan
seminary; and in 1887 assumed the prin-
cipalship of the Richfield Springs Union
schools.
BASSETT, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 31, 1834, in Canada. This
eminent clergyman has filled various pas
torates in Pennsylvania and New York.
He is the author of a number of works,
and has contributed extensively to church
literature.
BASSETT, RICHARD, jurist, United.
States senator, governor, was born in
Delaware. He was a member from Dela
ware of .the convention which formed the
constitution, and signed that instrument;
and was1 a senator in congress from 1789
to 1793. He was a presidential elector in
1797, and was the first man who cast his
vote for locating the seat of government
on the Potomac. He was chief justice of
the federal supreme court, and governor
of Delaware from 1798 to 1801. He died
in September, 1815, in Delaware.
BASSETT, SPENCER JOHN, educator,
author, was born Sept. 10, 1867, in Tar-
borough, N. C. He is a successful edu
cator and the author of the following
works: The Constitutional Beginnings of
North Carolina; Slavery and Servitude in
the Colony of North Carolina; The Reg
ulators of North Carolina; Suffrage in
North Carolina; and Anti-Slavery Lead
ers in North Carolina.
BASTIN, EDSON SEWELL, educator,
author, was born in Wisconsin. In 1893
he was elected to the chair of materia
medica and botany in the Philadelphia
College of Pharmacy. He is the author
of Lectures on Botany and Materia Medi
ca; Elements of Botany; The College Bot
any; and Vegetable History.
BATCHELDER, JOHN PUTNAM, edu
cator, physician, surgeon, author, was
born Aug. 6, 1784, in Wilton, N. H. He
was a successful surgeon, and performed
many operations of great importance, and
requiring extraordinary skill and daring.
He was president of the Academy of Medi
cine, and of the New York Medical as
sociation in 1858. He published Thoughts
on the Connection of Life, Mind, and
Matter, and other works. He died April
8, 1868. in New York city.
HERKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BATCHELDER, SAMUEL, manufactur
er, inventor, author, was born June 8,
1784, in Jaffrey, N. H. In 1808 he began
the manufacture of cotton at New Ips
wich. Among his inventions, that of the
dynamometer, for ascertaining the power
for driving machinery, first used in the
York mills in 1837, is perhaps the great
est. He is the author of History of the
Cotton Manufacture in the United States.
He died Feb. 5, 1879, in Cambridge, Mass.
BATCHELLER, GEORGE S., soldier,
statesman, was born July 25, 1836, in
Batchellerville, N. Y. He reorganized the
militia of New York and served as in
spector-general from 1865 to 1869. He
was appointed to represent the United
States at the international tribunal of
Egypt, and in 1883 was elected president
of that body. In 1889 he was appointed
consul-general to Egypt by President
Harrison.
BATCHELOR, GEORGE, clergyman,
author. He was born in 1836 in Connecti
cut. He is a Unitarian clergyman, and
the author of Social Equilibrium and Oth
er Problems, Ethical and Religious.
BATE, HENRY C., soldier, was born
July 28, 1839, in Bledsoe's Lick, Tenn. He
served in the civil war as a confederate,
and attained the rank of major.
BATE, WILLIAM B,, soldier, lawyer,
governor, United States senator, was born
Oct. 17, 1826, in Castalian Springs, Tenn.
He received an academic education;
served as a private throughout the Mexi
can war in Louisiana and Tennessee regi
ments; and a year after returning from
the Mexican war was elected to the Ten
nessee legislature. In 1854 he was elected
attorney-general for the Nashville district
for six years; was a presidential elector
in 1860; was private, captain, colonel,
brigadier-general, and major-general In
the confederate service, surrendering with
the army of Tennessee in 1865; and was
three times dangerously wounded. Aft
er the close of the war he returned to
Tennessee and resumed the practice of
law; was a delegate to the democratic
national convention in 1868; served on
the national democratic executive com
mittee for Tennessee twelve years; was
an elector for the state-at-large on the
Tilden and Hendricks ticket in 1876; in
1882 was elected governor of Tennessee,
and re-elected in 1884 without opposition.
He was elected to the United States sen
ate in 1887, and in 1893-99.
BATEMAN, EPHRAIM, physician, state
senator, congressman, was born in Cedar-
ville, N. J. He was well educated, and
adopted the profession of medicine. He
was a representative in congress from
1815 to 1823; and a senator in congress
from 1826 to 1829. He died Jan. 29, 1829,
in Cedarville, N. J.
BATEMAN, ISABEL, actress, was born
Dec. 28, 1854, near Cincinnati, Ohio. Her
family moved to England in 1863. Two
years later she made her d6but in a
child's character in London. For six
years after 1872 she played the leading
characters with Henry Irving. Most of
her acting has been done in the theaters
of London.
BATEMAN, KATE J., actress,' was
born Oct. 7, 1842, in Baltimore, Md. Her
father became the manager of the Ly
ceum theater in London. She was intro
duced to the London public by P. T.
Barnum in conjunction with her young
sister, as the Bateman Children. Her
married name was Crowe. Her best char
acter was that of Leah in a play of
that name.
BATEMAN, NEWTON, educator, col
lege president, was born July 27, '1822, in
Fairfield, N. J. He came to Illinois in
1833, and graduated from Illinois college
in 1843. He assisted in organizing the
State Teachers' association of Illinois in
1854. In 1858 he founded the Illinois
Teacher, and was its first editor. He
became state superintendent of public in
struction of Illinois in 1859, and to this
office he was re-elected four times. In
1860 he issued the first of the series of
reports, which are recognized as classic
authority concerning Illinois pedagogic
law. In 1874 he was chosen president of
Knox college. He died Oct. 21, 1897, in
Galesburg, 111.
BATES, ARLO, educator, author, was
born Dec. 16, 1850, in East Machias,
Maine. He is professor of English liter
ature in Massachusetts Institute of Tech
nology. He is the author of Talks on
Writing English; The Pagans; Patty's
Perversities; A Wheel of Fire; In the
Bundle of Time; A Lad's Love; The Phil
istines; A Book o' Nine Tales. His verse
includes Berries of the Brier; Sonnets in
Shadow; A Poet and his Self; Told in
the Gate; and The Torch-Bearers.
BATES, BENJAMIN E., philanthro
pist. Bates college, of Lewiston, Maine,
was controlled by the free baptists;
founded in 1863, and named after Ben
jamin E. Bates, of Boston, who contrib
uted $200,000 to its endowment fund.
• BATES, CHARLOTTE FISKE, author,
poet, was born Nov. 30, 1838, in New
York city. She has published a volume
of her collected verses, entitled Risk, and
Other Poems. She has edited the Long
fellow Birthday Book and The Seven
Voices of Sympathy, compilations of
Longfellow's prose and poetry, and the
Cambridge Book of Poetry and Song, a
volume of poetical selections from Eng
lish and American authors. She has also
written some prose, which has not yet
been published in a collected form. Miss
Bates assisted Longfellow in compiling
his Poems of Places, making ten trans
lations expressly for the work.
BATES, MRS. CLARA [DOTY], author,
was born in 1838 in Ann Arbor, Mich.
She is a writer of juvenile tales and the
author of Classics of Babyland Versified;
Child Lore; On the Way to Wonderland;
and Heart's Content. She died in 1895.
BATES, CYRUS S., an eminent cler
gyman of the episcopal church, was
born Dec. 31, 1840, in Chester, Ohio.
He was among the first to volun
teer in the northern army in 1861, and
was distinguished for his bravery. He
was severely wounded at the battle of
Chickamauga. In 1865 he graduated
from the Cincinnati Law school, and later
from the Theological seminary at Gam-
bier, Ohio. During six years he was
professor of divinity in this seminary,
and professor of philosophy in Kenyon
college. For the last twelve years of
his life he was rector of St. Paul's, Cleve
land. He was a vigorous thinker and a
speaker of great power, indefatigable in
labor, and prominent in many lines of
philanthropic work. He died April 19,
1896, in Cleveland, Ohio.
BATES, DAVID, author, was born
about 1810 in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
the author of the well-known poem
Speak Gently, about which, shortly after
its publication, there was a notable con
troversy and counterclaims as to its au
thorship. Childhood is another of his best
known pieces. A complete edition of his
poems was edited by his son. He died
Nov. 25, 1870, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BATES, DEWEY, painter, was born in.
1851 in Philadelphia. At an early age he
went abroad to study art, first entering
the schools of the royal academy of Ant
werp, and subsequently spending several
years as a student in the Ecole des beaux
arts in Paris and as a pupil of GSrome^
BATES, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist, leg
islator, congressman, was born Sept. 4,
1793, in Belmont, Va. He was elected a
representative in congress from Missouri,
serving from 1827 to 1829; and in 1830
was elected to the state senate. In 1831
he was again elected to the lower house
of the legislature; in 1850 was appointed
secretary of war, but declined the office;
and in 1853 he was elected judge of the
St. Louis land court, which office he re
signed in 1856. In 1861 he was appointed
attorney-general in President Lincoln's
cabinet. He died March 25, 1869, in St.
Louis, Mo.
BATES, FREDERICK, jurist, governor,
was born June 23, 1777, in Belmont, Va.
He was appointed by President Jefferson
in 1805 the first United States judge for
the territory of Michigan, and having
subsequently become a citizen of Missouri
was elected governor of Missouri, serv
ing from 1824 until his death, Aug. 21,
1825.
BATES, MRS. HARRIET LEONORA
[VOSE], author, was born in 1856. She
was the author of A Woodland Wooing;
Old Salem; and Prince Vance. She died
in 1886.
BATES, ISAAC C., state senator, con
gressman, was born May 14, 1780, in
Granville, Mass. He graduated at Yale
college in 1802, and studied law and at
tained a high position as an advocate.
He was frequently in the state legislature
and a member of the executive council;
was a representative in congress front
1827 to 1833; and was a senator in con
gress from 1841 to 1845. He died March
16, 1845, in Washington, D. C.
BATES, J. WOODSON, jurist. He was.
an early emigrant to the southwest, and
while residing at the post of Arkansas
was appointed a United States judge for
that territory.
BATES, JAMES, physician, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Somerset county, Maine, from
1831 to 1833.
BATES, JAMES W., congressman, was
born in Goochland county, Va. He was
a delegate to congress from the territory
of Arkansas from 1820 to 1823.
BATES, JOHN LEWIS, lawyer, legis
lator, was born Sept. 18, 1859, in Easton,
Mass. He received his education at the
Boston Latin school and the college and
law departments of the Boston univer
sity. He has attained success as one of
the foremost lawyers of New England,
and is the senior member of the law firm
of Bates and Bradish, of Boston, Mass.
In 1891-92 he was a member of the Bos
ton common council; in 1894-97 served
with distinction as a member of the Mas
sachusetts house of representatives, and
was speaker of the house in 1897.
BATES, JOSEPH CLEMENT, lawyer,
author, was born in July, 1836, in Rich
mond, Maine. He is a successful lawyer
of San Francisco, Cal. He has published
a work, Forms and Use of Blanks, and
a paper entitled Horace Howes's Will
Case.
BATES, JOSHUA, educator, college
president, was born March 20, 1776, in
Cohasset, Mass. In 1818 he accepted the
presidency of Middlebury college, Vt.»
which position he filled for twenty years.
He died Jan. 14, 1854, in Dudley, Mass.
90
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BATES, KATHARINE LEE, educator,
author, poet, was born Aug. 12, 1859, in
Falmouth, Mass. She received her de-
degrees of B.A. and M.A. from the Welles-
ley college, in which institution she has
been instructor of English literature for
many years. She Is the author of the
Student's Series of English Classics, nu
merous stories, and two volumes of
poems.
BATES, LAURENCE WEBSTER, edu
cator, was born Nov. 10, 1819, in Burling
ton county, N. J. He received his educa
tion in the Medford
Quaker school of his
native county. For
several years he was
the editor of a
prominent church
paper, and has con
tributed extensively
to current litera
ture. He was pres
ident of the Mary
land conference in
1860-61; president
of the general con
ference in 1874; president of the gen
eral church convention in 1877; and
he has filled numerous high positions
in the methodist episcopal church. Dur
ing 1893-96 he was professor in the West
minster Theological seminary. He was
chairman of the committee to compile a
new hymn book; and is first president of
the Christian Endeavor union of the
methodist protestant church.
BATES, MRS. MARGARET HOLMES,
author, poet, was born Oct. 6, 1844, in
Fremont, Ohio. She is the author of two
novels entitled Manitou, and The Cham
ber Over the Gate, and her poems have
appeared in several standard collections.
BATES, MARTIN, lawyer, legislator,
United States senator, was born Feb. 24,
1787, in Salisbury, Conn. He was edu
cated for a physician, and taught school
for a time, but afterward studied law and
removed to Delaware, where he practiced
in Dover. He served several terms in the
legislature, and was a member of the
state constitutional convention of 1850.
After the death of John M. Clayton he
was chosen to the United States senate
as a democrat, and served from 1858-59.
He died Jan. 1, 1869, in Dover. Del.
BATES, SAMUEL PENNIMAN, educa
tor, historian, poet, was born Jan. 29,
1827, in Mendon, Mass-:. In 1851 he graduat
ed from the Brown
university, and the
following five years
he was engaged in
teaching the ancient
languages in Mead-
ville, Pa., which city
has since been his
home. In 1857 he
^BL was elected superin
tendent of public
schools of Crawford
county; received the
re-election in 1860,
but resigned to accept the office of deputy
state superintendent of education, which
position he held for six years. In
1866 he was appointed state historian, and
the result of his seven years' work was
published in five volumes entitled His
tory of Pennsylvania Volunteers. He next
wrote the Lhes of the Governors of
Pennsylvania, which was followed by the
following works: Martial Deeds of
Pennsylvania; The History of the Battle
of Gettysburg; The History of the Bat
tle of Chancellorsville; and a Condensed
History of Pennsylvania.
BATES, WILLIAM W., journalist, ship
builder, was born in 1827, in Calais,
Maine. From 1854-59 he helped to con
duct The Nautical Magazine and Naval
Journal; in 1875 he took part in a coun
cil of shipbuilders to improve their rules;
in 1881 he built a large dry dock at Port
land, Maine; and in 1889 was elected com
missioner of navigation. He is now en
gaged on an elaborate work entitled The
Shipping Question Investigation.
BATESON, JOHN C., physician, lectur
er, was born July 25, 1854, in Iowa. He
graduated from the University of New
York, and has attained eminence as a
great physician and surgeon. He was
the founder of the organization known as
the United Christians; and has lectured
extensively on Christian union hygiene.
He has been health officer of Scranton,
Pa., where he has filled many public posi
tions of trust.
BATTELLE, GORDON, clergyman, was
born Nov. 14, 1814, in Newport, Ohio. His
influence in western Virginia was very
great, and at the beginning of the civil
war in 1861 he was appointed an official
visitor to the military camps. The needs
of the time demanding attention to the
political situation, he became a member
of the convention that met Nov. 24, 1861,
and framed the constitution of the new
state of West Virginia. To him, more
largely probably than to any other man,
was due the abolition of slavery in that
region. He died Jan. 7, 1862.
BATTELS, S. M. E., philanthropist,
was born Nov. 17, 1839, in Hudson, Ohio.
She was a prominent worker member of
the first Ohio Soldiers' Aid society; and
was for three years president of the Wo
man's Relief corps of Ohio. She has done
inspective work through the state, solic
iting, purchasing and distributing sani
tary and hospital supplies to the Ohio
Soldiers' and Sailors' home.
BATTEN, JOHN M., physician, was
born April 19, 1837, in East Brandywine,
Pa. He graduated from the medical col
lege department of the University of
Pennsylvania in 1864, and prior to
graduating was a medical cadet in the
army hospital at Philadelphia. In 1864
he was appointed acting assistant sur
geon in the United States navy, and
served 'at different times on the United
States steamers Princeton and Valley
City.
BATTERMAN, HENRY, merchant,
banker, was born Nov. 5, 1849, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He employs 500 clerks, and
conducts the most important trade in the
eastern district of Brooklyn. He is pres
ident of The Broadway bank of Brooklyn.
BATTERSHALL, JESSE PARK, chem
ist, author, was born May 26, 1851, in
Troy, N. Y. In 1879 he entered the gov
ernment service, and since that time he
has had charge of the analytical depart
ment of the United States laboratory at
New York. He has contributed papers
to chemical journals, and is the transla
tor of Naquet's Legal Chemistry, and the
author of Adulteration of Food and
Drink.
BATTERSON, HERMON GRISWOLD,
D. D., priest, poet, was born May 28, 1827,
in Litchfield county, Conn. He has been
rector of the St. Clement's church, and
the Church of the Enunciation, of Phila
delphia, Pa. He is the author of the fol
lowing works: The Missionary Tune
Book; The Manual of Plain Song; Sketch
of the American Episcopate; Christmas
* Carols; The Pathway of Faith; Vestal
Bells and Other Verses; Daily Rule for
Busy People; Remember Your Dead; and
other works.
BATTERSON, JAMES GOODWIN, in
surance president, was born Feb. 23, 1823,
in Bloomfield, Conn. He owns and oper
ates extensive granite quarries at West
erly, R. I., and Concord, N. H. He has
been the moving and controlling force
in the management of the Travelers In
surance company since its inception in
1863.
BATTEY, ROBERT, physician, sur
geon, author, was born Nov. 26, 1828, in
Augusta, Ga. He has been successful in
the execution of a number of difficult sur
gical operations on the urinary organs
of both sexes. Of the methods used, sev
eral were original with himself. From
1873 to 1875 he was professor of obstet
rics in the Atlanta Medical college, and
from 1873 to 1876 he edited the Atlanta
Medical and Surgical Journal. He is a
member of the Georgia Medical associa
tion, and was its president in 1876. He
has written numerous papers and reports
of cases, which have been contributed to
the medical press both in America and
England.
BATTEY, SUMTER BEAUREGARD,
physician, surgeon, was born near Louis
ville, Ga. In 1885 he began the practice
of medicine in New York city; made a
specialty of surgery; and has done unique
work in that field.
BATTLE, ARCHIBALD J., clergyman,
college president, author, was born Sept.
10, 1826, in PoweltRn, Ga. He was pres
ident of Mercer university from 1871 to
1879, and in 1879 was pastor for an in
terim of the First Baptist church of Ma-
con. He is the author of a volume en
titled Human Will.
BATTLE, BURRILL B., jurist, was
born July 24, 1838, in Hinds county, Miss.
In 1885 lie was elected to fill a vacancy
upon the supreme bench of the state, and
in 1886 was re-elected to the same posi
tion for the full term of eight years. He
was elected associate justice of the su
preme court of Arkansas in 1894.
BATTLE, KEMP PLUMMER, lawyer,
educator, college president, was born Dec.
19, 1831, in Franklin county, N. C. He is
the son of the late Judge William Horn
Battle. He graduated from the Univer
sity of North Carolina, of which institu
tion he has been president, and now fills
the chair of history. He has been state
treasurer of North Carolina, and has
filled various positions of trust in his
county and state.
BATTLE, WILLIAM HORN, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Oct. 17, 1892, in
Edgecombe county, N. C. He graduated
from the University
of North Carolina;
•Hy and was reporter of
the supreme court
decisions. In 1839
.-Jt (A he was a delegate to
the convention that
nominated William
Henry Harrison for
the presidency of the
United States. Dur
ing 1840-52 he was
judge of the superior
court of North Caro
lina, and during 1852-68 was judge of the
supreme court, North Carolina. He was
the author of several valuable works
on the common and statute laws of his
state. He died March 14, 1879, in Chapel
Hill, N. C.
BATTLES, W. S., physician, was born
May 12, 1827; attained eminence as a
physician in Shreve, Ohio. He contrib
uted extensively to literature, and his
poems can be found in various standard
works.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
91
BAUDER, EZRA, educator, was born
April 7, 1824, in Indian Castle, N. Y. In
1879 he established a boarding and day
school known as Brentsville seminary;
and has been engaged in the profession of
teaching in Virginia for many years.
BAUDER, LEVI F., lawyer, poet, was
born Jan. 28, 1840, in Cleveland, Ohio. He
is a learned lawyer and has served as a
justice of the peace in Cleveland, Ohio.
In 1880 he published a volume of poems
entitled Passing Fancies.
BAUGH, DANIEL, manufacturer, was
born Oct. 22, 1836, in Chester county, Pa.
His business has been incorporated as The
Baugh and Sons Co., capital $1,000,000,
Daniel Baugh becoming its president. He
is president of the Girard National bank
of Philadelphia, Pa.
BAUGHER, HENRY L., educator, au
thor, was born about 1805 in Abbottstown,
Pa. He was licensed to preach by the
Maryland Lutheran synod; was chosen
pastor at Boonesboro, Md., in 1829, and
took charge of a classical school in
Gettysburg in 1830. The school expanded
into a college in 1832, and Mr. Baugher
became professor of the Greek language
and belles lettres; was elected to the pres
idency of the college in 1850, and contin
ued in that office until his death. He died
April, 1886, in Gettysburg, Pa.
BAUGHER, HENRY LOUIS, educator,
clergyman, journalist, author, was born
Aug. 6, 1840, in Gettysburg, Pa. For
twenty-four years he was professor of
Greek in the Pennsylvania college; and
has also filled the same chair in the How
ard university of Washington, D. C. He
has filled pastorates in Morristown, Pa.;
Indianapolis, Ind., and Omaha, Neb. He
is now the editor of the Augsburg Sun
day-School Teacher, and The Lutheran
World; and is the author of Annotations
on the Gospel According to St. Luke.
BAUMBACH, MORITZ WILHELM
HERMAN VON, diplomat, banker, was
born Jan. 13, 1834, in Prussia. He has
been the imperial and royal consul of
Austro-Hungary; consul of Saxony; and
imperial German \ice-consul. He is now
the president of the German Exchange
bank of Milwaukee, Wis.
BAUMGARDT, BERNHARD RICHARD,
astronomist, was born May 19, 1862, in
Liverpool, England. He was educated in
Sweden, and after graduating spent five
years in traveling around the world. From
a love of mathematics he took up astron
omy, and devotes much of his time to
that science in his private observatory
in Los Angeles, Cal. He gives public
lectures on astronomy, mathematics and
philosophy, and has attained a national
reputation. In 1891-93 he was secretary
of the Oregon Academy of Sciences; and
since 1894 has been secretary of the South
ern California Academy of Sciences, in
which institution he is also chairman of
the astronomical section. He is also a suc
cessful business man, and is interested
in many public enterprises.
BAUVAIS, A., governor. He was acting
governor of Louisiana in 1830.
BAWDEN, JOHN, manufacturer, bank
er, was born April 10, 1827, in Cornwall,
England. He began business for himself
in Freehold, N. J., but in 1858 he formed
a co-partnership with Gilbert Combs. He
is president of the board of health and
•director of the Central National bank of
Freehold.
BAXLEY, ISAAC RIEMAN, poet, was
born in 1850 in Baltimore, Md. He has
traveled a great deal, but since 1878 has
made his home in California. His pub
lished books are The Temple of Alanthur,
with Other Poems; The Prophet and Oth
er Poems; Songs of the Spirit; and Be
yond the Bank of Mist.
BAXTER, DELOS W., was born July
29, 1857, in Rochelle, 111. Since 1881 he has
practiced law in Rochelle, 111. In 1884
he was elected state's attorney of Ogle
county and held the office for twelve
years — until his election as Illinois state
senator in 1896. He also has been mayor
of Rochelle.
BAXTER, ELISHA, governor, was born
Sept. 1, 1827, in Rutherford county, N. C.
He was governor of Arkansas during a
part of the years 1874-75.
BAXTER, FELIX JOSEPHUS, lawyer,
state senator, was born Aug. 10, 1830, in
Sutton, W. Va. He has served with distinc
tion as a member of the West Virginia
state senate.
BAXTER, GEORGE A., educator, col
lege president, author, was born July 22,
1771, in Rockingham county, Va. In 1829
he became president of Washington col
lege; in 1832 he was inaugurated pro
fessor of theology in the Union Theologi
cal seminary; and in 1835 was chosen
president of the Hampden Sidney college.
He is the author of Abolition of Slavery;
Parity; and the Scriptural Order of Chris
tian Ministry. He died April 14, 1841.
BAXTER, HENRY, soldier, diplomatist,
was born Sept. 8, 1821, in Sidney Plaine,
N. Y. During the civil war he was made
lieutenant-colonel of the seventh Michigan
infantry, and in 1866 was appointed min
ister resident to Honduras.
• BAXTER, HORACE HENRY, railroad
builder, was born Jan. 18, 1818, in Sax-
tons' River, Vt. He built the Cleveland,
Norwalk and Toledo railroad. At the out
break of the civil war he attended the
peace congress as a delegate from Ver
mont, and when that meeting failed of
its object he became adjutant-general of
Vermont. He died Feb. 17, 1884, in New
York city.
BAXTER, JAMES PHINNEY, artist, au
thor and philanthropist, was born in 1831
in Maine. He is well known as the Poet
of Maine; and is the author of more than
a dozen popular works. He is the hon
ored president of the Maine Historical so
ciety. He built and presented to the city
of Portland its magnificent public library
building, the most beautiful structure in
the city. He has served as mayor of Port
land, and has been foremost in the de
velopment of that city and its institu
tions. His principal works are George
Cleves of Casco Bay, 1630-67; Sir Ferdi-
nando Gorges and His Province of Maine;
and Idyls of the Year, a collection of
verse.
BAXTER, JOHN, lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born March 5, 1819, in
Rutherford county, N. C. In 1842 he was
elected a representative in the state leg
islature; was a presidential elector in 1844
and 1848; was again in the legislature in
1846, and from 1852 to 1857, serving as
speaker of the house in 1852. In 1857 he
removed to Knoxville, Tenn.; in 1870
was a member of the state constitutional
convention; and in 1877 was appointed
United States circuit judge for the sixth
judicial circuit. He died April 10, 1886,
in Hot Springs, Ark.
BAXTER, KATHARINE SCHUYLER,
author, was born Feb. 22, 1845, in Oswego,
N. Y. She is a great-granddaughter of
Major-General Philip Schuyler, of the
revolutionary army; a member of the
Daughters of the Cincinnati, Colonial
Dames of America, and the American
Authors' guild. She is the author of In
Bamboo Lands; A God-Child of Washing
ton; and other works.
BAXTER, LYDIA, hymn-writer, poet,
was born Sept. 2, 1809, in Petersburg,
N. Y. She is the author of Gems by the
Wayside, a collection of poems, and the
hymn, The Gates Ajar. She died Jan. 23,
1874, in New York city.
BAXTER, PORTUS, merchant, legisla
tor, congressman, was born in Brown-
ington, Vt. He was elected a represent
ative from Vermont to the thirty-seventh,
thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth congresses:
v,as also a delegate to the Philadelphia
Loyalists' convention of 1866. He died
March 4, 1868, in Washington, D. C.
BAXTER, SYLVESTER, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1850 in Massachusetts.
He is a journalist of Boston, prominent
in exploiting the Metropolitan park sys
tem, and is the author of The Cruise of
a Land Yacht, a Boy's Book of Mexican
Travel.
BAXTER, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1823, in England. He
is a clergyman of Cincinnati, whose War
Lyrics as originally published in Har
per's Weekly were once widely popular.
He is the author of The Loyal West in
the Times of the Rebellion; Pea Ridge
and Prairie- Grove, or Scenes and Inci
dents of the War in Arkansas.
BAXTER, WILLIAM M., lawyer, was
born Aug. 30, 1850, in Alexander, S. C.
He is a prominent lawyer of Knoxville,
Tenn., and in 1882 became general soli
citor of the legal department of the East
Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad
company.
BAY, WILLIAM V. N., congressman,
was born in New York. Having become a
citizen of Missouri he was elected a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1849 to 1851.
BAYARD, JAMES ASHETON, United
States senator, was born July 28, 1767, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He graduated at
Princeton college in
1784; after studying
law at Philadelphia,
commenced the prac
tice in Delaware. In
1796 he was elected
a representative in
congress from Dela
ware, ' serving from
1797 to 1801, when
he was appointed
minister to France.
In 1804 he was elect
ed to the United
States senate, of which body he continued
a member until appointed, in 1813, a com
missioner to negotiate a peace with Great
Britain. He died Aug. 6, 1815, in Wil
mington, Del.
BAYARD, JAMES A., lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
Nov. 15, 1799, in Wilmington, Del. He
was the son of the
United States sen
ator bearing the
same name, and a
brother of Richard
H. Bayard. He was
a senator in con
gress from Delaware
during 1851-54; and
in 1863 he was elect
ed for the third
term, but resigned
in January, 1864. In
1867 he was ap
pointed to a seat in the senate to fill a
vacancy, and subsequently received the
election to that office. He was a dele
gate to the New York convention of 1868.
He died June 13, 1880, in Wilmington,
Del.
92
UKRHINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BAYARD, JOHN, congressman. He was
a delegate from Pennsylvania to the con
tinental congress from 1785 to 1787.
BAYARD, RICHARD H., lawyer,
United States senator, was born in 1796
in Wilmington, Del. He was a senator
in congress from Delaware from 1836 to
1839, and again from 1841 to 1845; and
was appointed charge d'affaires to Bel
gium in 1850. He died March 4 1868, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BAYARD, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born Jan. 11, 1767, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was one of the founders of
the New York Historical society, organ
ized in 1804. In 1806 he purchased an
estate at Princeton, N. J. For several
years he was a member of the New Jersey
legislature, and for a long period presid
ing judge of the court of common pleas
of Somerset county. He was one of the
founders of Princeton Theological semi
nary, and joined with Ellas Boudinot in
establishing the American Bible society
and the New Jersey Bible society. He was
the author of several law compilations.
He died May 12, 1840, in Princeton, N. J.
BAYARD, SAMUEL, president of the
Evansville National bank, was born in
Vincennes, Ind. In the early part of the
year 1873 he aided in organizing the Ger
man National bank of Evansville, of
which he is at present a director and one
of the largest stockholders.
BAYARD, THOMAS FRANCIS, states
man, was born Oct. 29, 1828, in Wilming
ton, Del. He was chiefly educated at
the Flushing school. His early training
was for a mercantile life; studied and
adopted the profession of the law; and
came to the bar in 1851, and has always
practiced in his native city. In 1853 he
was appointed United States district at
torney for Delaware, but resigned in
18a4. He was elected a senator in
congress from that state in 1869.
On the same day of his election
his father, James A. Bayard, was also re-
elected to the senate from the same state
—the only instance of the kind which
ever occurred. He was re-elected in 1875,
and again in 1881. In 1885 he was ap
pointed secretary of state in the cabinet
of President Cleveland, and resigned his
seat in the senate. He died Sept. 28, 1898,
!n Dedham, Mass.
BAYARD, WILLIAM, public official,
was born Jan. 1, 1729, in New York. He
was a delegate from New York to the
colonial congress, held in New York city
in 1765. He died in 1804 in Southampton,
England.
BAYARD, WILLIAM, merchant, was
born about 1764 in New York. He was a
large ship owner; traded with all the
world; was for many years director of
the Bank of America; and in 1810-27 was
president of the Chamber of Commerce.
He died Sept. 3, 1850, in New York city.
BAYLES, GEORGE, physician, was
born Aug. 7, 1836, in New York city. He
graduated from the College of Physicians
and Surgeons, and from the medical de
partment in the Columbia university In
1859. He has held many important posi
tions, and is president of the board of
education of Orange, N. J.
BAYLES, JAMES C., soldier, lecturer,
journalist, author, was born July 3, 1845,
In New York city. In 1870 he became
editor of the Iron Age; and in 1874 estab
lished The Metal Worker. He has deliv
ered lectures on sanitary topics in New
York, and In all of the prominent cities
of the Union, and is the author of the
first standard American work on the
Mechanics of Hygiene, House Drainage
and Water Service. In 1883 he was
elected president of the New Jersey State
Sanitary association, and was appointed
a commissioner to devise a system of
sewers and sanitary improvements for
the city of Trenton.
BAYLEY. JAMES ROOSEVELT, cler
gyman, author, was born Aug. 23, 1814,
in New York city. He was a clergyman
who entered the Roman catholic church
from the episcopal and became arch
bishop of Baltimore. He was the author
of History of the Catholic Church of New
York; Memoirs of Brut6, First Bishop of
Vincennes; and Pastorals for the People.
He died Oct. 3. 1877. in Newark. N. J.
BAYLEY, RICHARD, educator, physi
cian, author, was born in 1745 in Fairfleld,
Conn. The causes of yellow fever were
very carefully studied by him. and in 1797
he published a work in which he con
tended that its origin was due entirely to
local causes, and therefore that it was
not contagious. He died Aug. 17, 1801,
on Staten Island, N. Y.
BAYLEY, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in Somerset county, Md. He was a
representative in congress from Maryland
from 1817 to 1823.
BAYLEY, THOMAS M., legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1775 in Virginia.
He entered public life in 1798; continued
therein until 1830; and served in both
branches of the state legislature. He was
a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1813 to 1815. He died in 1834
in Accomac county.
BAYLEY, WILLIAM G., civil engineer,
railroad manager, was born Sept. 2, 1865,
in Hollidaysburg, Pa. Since 1884 he has
been in the railway service; during 1890-
94 as engineer maintenance of way; and
since 1894 as division superintendent of
the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and
St. Louis railway.
BAYLIES, FRANCIS, lawyer, congress
man, author, was born Oct. 16, 1783, in
Taunton, Mass. He was register of pro
bate in Bristol county, Mass., from 1812
to 1820; was a representative in congress
from Massachusetts from 1821 to 1827;
and was a member of the state legislature
from 1827 to 1832, and in 1835. In 1832
he was appointed charge d'affaires to
Buenos Ayres. He was the author of A
History of the Plymouth Colony. He
died Oct. 28, 1852, in Taunton, Mass.
BAYLIES, NICHOLAS, jurist, author,
was born in 1772 in Uxbridge, Mass. He
was graduated at Dartmouth in 1794:
studied law, and practiced in Woodstock
and Montpelier. From 1831 to 1834 he
was a judge of the supreme court of Ver
mont. He published a Digested Index to
the Modern Reports of the Courts of Com
mon Law in England and the United
States, in three volumes; and an Essay on
Free Agency. He died Aug. 17, 1847, In
Lyndon, Vt.
BAYLIES, WILLIAM, legislator, con
gressman, was born Dec. 5, 1743, in Ux
bridge, Mass. He graduated at Harvard
college in 1760. He was a member of the
provincial congress in 1775; often a mem
ber of the Massachusetts state council;
served many years in the state legisla
ture; and was a presidential elector in
1801. He was a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts from 1805 to
1809. He died Jan. 17, 1826, in Dighton,
Mass.
BAYLIES, WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 15, 1776, In
Dighton, Mass. He was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts from
1813 to 1817, and again from 1833 to 1835.
He served in the state legislature in 1830
and 1831. He died Sept. 27, 1865, in Taun
ton, Mass.
BAYLOR, FRANCES COURTENAY,
author, was born Jan. 20, 1848, in Fay-
etteville, Ark. Her writings have been
principally for periodicals, in which two-
of her short stories — The Perfect Treas
ure and On This Side — attracted wide at
tention, and were published in book form
as one narrative, On Both Sides. Her
other works are; Juan and Juanita; and
Behind the Blue Ridge.
BAYLOR, GEORGE, soldier, was born
Jan. 12, 1752, in Newmarket, Va. He
served continuously throughout the revo
lutionary war. He participated in the
surprise of the Hessians at Trenton; car
ried the news of the victory to congress,
and was presented by that body with a
horse, and advanced to the rank of
colonel in the dragoons in 1777. He died
in March, 1784, in Bridgetown, W. I.
BAYLOR, ROBERT EMMETT BLED-
SOE, clergyman, lawyer, jurist, legislat
or, congressman, was born May 10, 1793,
in Lincoln county, Ky. He served in the-
war of 1812. He was elected to the Ala
bama state legislature in 1824, and in
1829 was sent as a representative from
Alabama to the twenty-first congress.
Subsequent to his career in congress he
emigrated to the republic of Texas,
where he was immediately elected a judge
of the district and of the supreme court,
and held the office for twenty-five years.
Baylor university was named as an honor
warranted by the gifts of land and money-
made by Judge Baylor. One of the coun
ties of Texas was also named for him.
He died Jan. 6, 1874, in Gay Hill, Tex.
BAYLY, THOMAS HENRY, soldier,
legislator, jurist, was born in 1810 in Ac
comac county, Va. While a member of
the Virginia legislature he was elected
by that body a brigadier-general of the
militia of eastern Virginia; and subse
quently was elected judge of the circuit
superior court of law. In 1844 he was.
elected to the national house of repre
sentatives from the Accomac district, and
continued, by successive elections, a mem
ber of the house for twelve years. He
died June 22, 1856.
BAYNE, THOMAS M., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 14, 1836, in
Allegheny, Pa. He took part in the bat
tles of Fredericksburg and Chancellors-
ville. He was district attorney for Alle
gheny county in 1870; and was elected to
the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, and
fifty-first congresses. He died in Alle
gheny, Pa.
BEACH, ABEL, lawyer, poet, was born
Feb. 7, 1829, in Groton, N. Y. In 1849 he
graduated from the Union college of
Schenectady, N. Y
He then taught
school in Ithaca
and Westfield acad
emies, N. Y.; and
was a professor in
the State university
of Iowa. He next
entered into the
practice of law; and
has attained promi
nence as a successful
pension attorney of
Iowa City, Iowa. He
has served as deputy auditor of Iowa,
and has held various public positions of
trust in his town, county and state. He
was one of the principal founders of the
Theta-Delta-Chi fraternity, and is a
prominent member of various societies.
For many years past he has given fre
quent contributions of poetry to the press,
and is the author of Western Airs from
the Prairies of Iowa; and several poetic
brochures.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA CF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
93
BEACH, ALFRED E., inventor, jour
nalist, was born in 1826 in Springfield,
Mass. He received an academic educa
tion, and in 1846, with Orson D. Munn,
"founded the firm of Munn and Co., and
they became proprietors of The Scientific
American. For almost fifty years he has
been active in the editorship of this news
paper and in the extensive patent business
•of the firm. In 1847 he invented a type
writing machine.
BEACH, CHARLES FISK, clergyman,
Journalist, author, was born Sept. 5, 1827,
in Hunter, N. Y. During 1851-54 he at
tended the Auburn Theological seminary,
and was ordained to the ministry on Jan.
8, 1855. He at once entered active work
«.s pastor of the presbyterian church;
•and for nearly twenty-two years suc
cessfully followed that vocation. During
1874-95 he was editor and publisher of
The National Presbyterian- and Exposi
tor; and also of the International Sun
day School Lessons. Since 1897 he has
.given his attention to law, with an office
in Indianapolis, Ind. He is the author of
Commentaries on the Law of Trust and
Trustees; and other works.
BEACH, CLIFTON BAILEY, lawyer,
manufacturer, congressman, was born
Sept. 16, 1845, in Sharon, Ohio. He re
moved to Cleveland in 1857, where he has
since resided; was educated in the com
mon schools and Western Reserve college,
•class of 1871; was admitted to the bar in
1872, but retired from active practice in
1884, having become extensively engaged
in manufacturing enterprises. He was
•elected to the fifty-fourth, and re-elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
BEACH, DAVID NELSON, clergyman,
•author, was born in 1848 in New Jersey.
He is a prominent congregational clergy
man of Cambridge, Mass., and since 1895
•of Minneapolis, Minn. He is the author
•of The Newer Religious Thinking; How
We Rose; Plain Words on Our Lord's
Work; and The Intent of Jesus.
BEACH. HENRY HARRIS AUBREY,
physician, was born Dec. 18, 1843, in Mid-
dletown, Conn. He was educated at Cam
bridge, and was graduated at Harvard
Medical school in July, 1868, settling in
Boston soon afterward. He is a member
of many medical associations, and in 1873
Avas president of the Boylston Medical so
ciety. He became assistant demonstrator
of anatomy in Harvard Medical school in
1868, and surgeon in the Massachusetts
general hospital in 1872. He has contrib
uted many papers to medical periodicals,
and was at one time assistant editor of
the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal.
BEACH, JOHN N., merchant, was born
Aug. 1, 1837, in Lodi, N. Y. He located
in New York city; entered the dry-goods
business; and has been a member of the
present firm of Tefft. Weller and Co.
since 1879. He is vice-president of
Mercantile Accident Insurance company,
and president of the Dry-Goods Chronicle
Publishing association.
BEACH, LEWIS, lawyer, congressman,
was born March 30, 1835, in New York
city N. Y. He graduated at the Yale Law
school in 1856; was admitted to the bar,
and commenced practice in New York city
the same year. In 1861 he removed
Orange county, N. Y., and engaged in
farming and the practice of law. He was
also a contributor to the press; was £
pervisor of the town of Cornwall in li
and was treasurer of the democratic
state central committee from 1877 to 1879.
He was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-seventh, forty
eighth, and forty-ninth congresses. He
died Aug. 11. 1886, in Cornwall, N. Y.
BEACH, MYRON WALTER, soldier,
lawyer, was born Aug. 27, 1844, in La-
grange, Mich. During the civil war he
was a member of company I, first regi
ment Michigan sharpshooters. In 1870
he was admitted to the bar, and has at
tained success in his profession at Car
roll, Iowa. He has been county super
intendent of schools and mayor of his
city; and has filled various other public
positions of trust.
BEACH, WILLIAM AUSTIN, lawyer,
was born Aug. 22, 1842, in Baldwinsville,
N. Y. He has attained success as a prom
inent lawyer; and in 1885 received the ap
pointment of collector of internal reve
nue for the twenty-first district of New
York.
BEADLE, JOHN HANSON, journalist,
author, was born March 14, 1840, in Parke
county, Ind. He was educated at the
university of Michigan, ana served as a
Union soldier during the civil war. He
traveled extensively in America and Eu
rope, and for many years was editorial
writer for the American Press associa
tion. He was the aumor of Life in Utah;
The Undeveloped West; Western Wilds;
and other works. He died Jan. 15, 1897.
in Rockville, Ind.
BEADLE, WILLIAM HENRY HARRI
SON, soldier, legislator, educator, college
president, was born Jan. 1, 1838, in Parke
county, Ind. He graduated from the uni
versity of Michigan in 1861. He served
during the civil war from first lieutenant
to brevet brigadier-general United States
volunteers. He was a member of the leg
islature of Dakota territory; and served
as superintendent of public instruction
during lfcia-85. He is the founder of the
school system of the territory and state;
and his most distinguished and enduring
service was in securing the constitutional
protection to the school lands and school
funds of the state. He is the author of
the provisions on education in the state
constitution, and the upbuilder of the
State Normal school of Madison, S. D.,
of which he has been president since
1889.
BEAKMAN, DANIEL FREDERICK,
soldier, was born about 1760 in New Jer
sey. He was the last surviving soldier of
the revolution on the pension list.
In 1778 he was enrolled in the mili
tia, and then served in the war. His
married life extended over eighty-five
years, and his wife reached the age of
one hundred and five. In 1867 congress
passed a special act giving him a pen
sion of $500 during the remainder of his
life He died April 5, 1869, in Sandusky,
N. Y.
BEAL, ABRAHAM, philanthropist,
was born about 1803 in Chatham, Eng
land. He became very familiar with the
criminal laws of New York and other
states, and in 1863 assumed the general
agency of the New York Prison associa
tion. He was for many years an efficient
officer of the New York Port society. He
died Feb. 25, 1872, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BEAL, C. W., journalist, state senator,
was born April 25, I860, in Audrain coun
ty, Mo. In 1890 he assumed editorial con
trol of the Custer County Beacon, with
which paper he is still connected. He
was elected to the house of representa
tives of the legislature in 1893, and was
elected to the state senate on the populist
ticket in 1896.
BEAL, FOSTER ELLENBOROUGH
LASCELLES, naturalist, author, was
born Jan. 9, 1840, in Ayer, Mass. He was
graduated at the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology in 1871. During 1874-75
he was assistant professor of mathemat
ics in the United States naval academy
at Annapolis, Md., and from 1876 nil
1882 professor of civil engineering in Iowa
Agricultural college, where from 1879 till
1882 he was also acting professor of zool
ogy and comparative anatomy, and in
1883 professor of geology. His writings,
principally on topics of natural history,
include the articles, Birds of Iowa; Value
of the Seed-Eating Birds; and similar
contributions to scientific journals.
BEAL, GEORGE LAFAYETTE, sol
dier, was born May 21, 1825, in Norway,
Maine. He left Portland in 1861 as
colonel of the tenth Maine regiment. He
was appointed by the president brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1864, and waj
mustered out of the service in 1866.
BEAL, WILLIAM JAAlES, educator,
botanist, author, was born March 11, 1833,
in Adrian, Mich. He has taught natural
history, science, botany, and horticulture
in the leading agricultural colleges in
America; and since 1870 has been pro
fessor of botany and forestry in the Ag
ricultural college of Michigan. He has
filled numerous positions of honor; is
the author of The New Botany; Grasses
of North America; and has contributed
extensively to current literature.
BEALE, CHARLES L., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 5, 1824, in
Canaan, N. Y. In 1858 he was elected a
representative to the thirty-sixth con
gress from New York; in 1864 was a
presidential elector; and was a delegate
to the Philadelphia national union con
vention of 1866.
BEALE, CHARLES WILLING, was
born in 1845 in the District of Columbia.
He is a successful writer, and the author
of The Ghost of Guir House.
BEALE, EDWARD FITZGERALD, sol
dier, diplomatist, was born Feb. 4, 1822,
in Washington, D. C. In 1875 he was ap
pointed United States minister to Aus
tria.
BEALE, JAMES M. H., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1833 to 1837, and from 1849 u> 1S53.
BEALE, MRS. MARIA, author, was
born in 1849 in Virginia. She is a novel
ist of Arden, N. C.; and the author of
Jack O'Doon.
BEALE. RICHARD LEE TUBER-
VILLE, general, lawyer, congressman,
was born May 22, 1819, in Hickory Hill,
Va. He was a representative from Vir
ginia in the congress of the United States
in 1847-49; and was a member of the con
vention to form a constitution for Vir
ginia in 1851. He was a member of the
state senate of Virginia in 1858-60. He
was in the service of the confederate
states, and became a brigadier-general.
He was elected to fill the vacancy in the
forty-fifth congress caused by the death
of B. B. Douglas. He had previously been
elected to the forty-sixth congress as a
democrat.
BEALL, JOHN YATES, adventurer,
was born about 1833 in Virginia. He en
tered the confederate army at the out
break of the civil war, and was commis
sioned acting paymaster in the navy. He
was captured by the federals; tried and
found guilty of being a spy; and was exe
cuted Feb. 25, 1865.
BEALL, REZIN,1 soldier, congressman,
was born Aug. 10, 1770, in Pennsylvania.
He was an officer in Wayne's army, with
Harrison and Van Rensselaer; occupied
various public stations in Ohio; and was
a member of congress from that state
from 1813 to 1814, when he resigned. He
died Feb. 20. 1843. in Wooster, Ohio.
94
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BEAMAN, FERNANDO C., lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born June 28, 1814,
in Chester, Vt. He was prosecuting at
torney for Lenawee county, Mich., six
years; was judge of probate four years;
and was presidential elector in 1856. He
was elected to the thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, and forty-
first congresses as a republican.
BEAN, BENNING M., state senator,
congressman, was- horn in 1782 in New
Hampshire. He occupied a seat in the
state legislature for five years, and was
president of the senate in 1832; was a
state councilor in 1829; and a representa
tive in congress from 1833 to 1837. He
died Feb. 9, 1866, in Moultonborough,
N. H.
BEAN, CURTIS C., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 4, 1828, in Tamworth,
N. H. He was appointed attorney-gen
eral for the eleventh judicial circuit of
Tennessee; and was a representative in
the state legislature in 1866 and 1867. In
1868 he moved to Arizona territory and
settled at Prescott. He was a member of
the upper house in the territorial assem
bly in 1879, and in 1884 was elected dele
gate from Arizona to the forty-ninth con
gress.
BEAN, IRVING M., soldier, banker,
was born April 27, 1838, in Essex county,
N. Y. He attained the rank of provost
marshal in the civil war. In 1863 he was
elected president of the Forest City bank;
and in 1867 president of the Northwest
ern Iron company.
BEAN, MARY P., educator, was born
about 1818. She opened a seminary for
young ladies, which for twenty-four years
was one of the most prominent in New
York city. She died in New York city.
BEAN, SAMUEL, physician, clergy
man, lecturer, was born March 24, 1842,
in Canada West. For many years he was
engaged in school teaching; has been a
successful public lecturer and a physi
cian and clergyman of Bronson, Fia.,
Where he has also been justice of the
peace and a successful merchant.
BEAN, WILLIAM, the first white set
tler west of the Alleghanies. He was a
companion of Daniel Boone in his visit
to Kentucky in 1760, and returned in 1768
and settled with his family on Boone's
creek, a small tributary of the Watauga.
BEARD, ANDREW, inventor, was born
in 1849 in Alabama. He went into mill-
wrighting in Hardwicks; built his first
mill there; and three years later succeed
ed in building four more. In 1889 he dis
covered the rotary engine.
BEARD, DANIEL CARTER, artist, au
thor, was born June 21, 1850, in Cincin
nati, Ohio. In 1878 he removed to New
York as an illustrator, and there studied
art. He is the author of American Boy's
Handy Book; Moonlight; Six Feet of Ro
mance; and American Boy's Book of
Spirits.
BEARD, FRANK, artist, author, the
third son of J. H. Beard, was an artist for
Harper and Brothers during the civil
war. He devotes himself particularly to
character sketches, in the production of
which he has attained remarkable facil
ity. He lectures on various topics, ac
companying himself with crayon sketches
on the blackboard. He was for a time
professor of the fine arts in Syracuse
university. He has published The Black
board and the Sunday School.
BEARD, GEORGE MILLER, physician,
author, was born May 8, 1839, in Mont-
ville. Conn. He was a New York physi
cian, and the author of American Nervous
Diseases; Causes and Consequences; The
Scientific Basis of Delusions; Clinical
Researches in Electro-Surgery; Medical
Uses of Electricity; Physiology of Mind-
Reading; Stimulants and Narcotics; Psy
chology of the Salem Witchcraft and Its
Practical Application in Our Own Time;
and some works of lesser note. He died
Jan. 23, 1883, in New York.
BEARD, HENRY, soldier, artist, the son
of J. H. Beard, was born in 1841 in Ohio.
He was a captain in the thirtieth Mis
souri volunteers at twenty-one years of
age. He painted genre subjects in oils
and water-colors, and made the uesigns
for many of Prang's publications. He
died Nov. 19, 1889, in New York city,
N. Y.
BEARD, JAMES CARTER, lawyer, art
ist. He is a lawyer by profession, and
has made spirited drawings of birds and
animals, which are to be found in the
best illustrated books and periodicals of
the day.
BEARD, JAMES HENRY, painter, was
born in 1814, in Buffalo, N. Y. His fam
ily removed when he was a child to Ohio,
and he eventually settled in Cincinnati,
where he devoted himself for many years
to portrait painting; Henry Clay, John
Quincy Adams, and other distinguished
persons being among his sitters. Of late
years he has devoted himself chiefly to
animal painting, in which branch of art
he has achieved success. Among his
best known works are: Peep at Growing
Danger; The Widow; Mutual Friend;
There's Many a Slip; Consultation; Don't
You Know Me; Heirs at Law; Which Has
Preemption; The Mississippi Flood; Barn
Yard.
BEARD, JOHN SHEPARD, lawyer, was
born June 14, 1859, in Tallahassee, Fla.
He received his education in his native
city and the university of the south. He
has attained prominence as an able law
yer of Pensacola, Fla., where he has
filled several public positions of honor.
BEARD, RICHARD, educator, college
president, author, was born Nov. 27, 1799,
in Sumner county, Tenn. He was grad
uated at Cumberland university, Tennes
see, in 1832; and became president of the
university in 1843. On the founding of
the Theological school of the university
in 1853, he resigned the presidency of the
university and took the chair of system
atic theology, being in reality for the next
twenty-five years both principal and pro
fessor. He was a leader in the Cumber
land Presbyterian organization, and pub
lished Systematic Theology; also Bio
graphical Sketches; and Why I Am a
Cumberland Presbyterian. He died Dec.
2, 1880, in Lebanon, Tenn.
BEARD, WILLIAM HENRY, inventor,
was born Oct. 12, 1839, in Richmond,
Mass. The Beard hydraulic shield was
used in the construction of the great rail
way tunnel under the St. Glair river at
Port Huron and Sarnia, between the
United States and Canada, as well as in
excavating the underground railway tun
nels in London and Glasgow, the Hudson
river tunnel, and other similar works.
He is the designer of many other inven
tions.
BEARD, \VlLLIAM HOLBROOK, artist,
was born April 13, 1825, in Painesville,
Ohio. He studied art abroad, and he is
widely known for his pictures of alle
gory and humor portrayed by animal and
human creatures. He has written a text
book on art entitled Action in Art. Hu
mor in Animals is another book published
a few years ago, besides various magazine
articles. The Spirit of the Storm is con
sidered his greatest work.
BEARDSLEY, ALONZO, lawyer, manu
facturer, was born July 11, 1820, in Venice,
N. Y. He was elected secretary of the Os-
wego Starch factory, and continued in this
position until 1858, when he became treas
urer. In 1866 he entered the Cayuga
Chief Manufacturing Co., and carried on
the manufacture of the Cayuga Chief
mower and reaper.
BEARDSLEY, ARTHUR, engineer, was
born Nov. 1, 1843, in Esopus, N. Y. Dur
ing 1867-68 he was assistant engineer at
the Hoosac tunnel, Mass., and from 1863
till 1872 professor of civil engineering
and industrial mechanics at the univer
sity of Minnesota. In 1872 he became
professor of civil and mechanical engi
neering in Swarthmore college, where he
organized a manual training department,
of which he is director.
BEARDSLEY, CHARLES, physician,
journalist, state senator, was born Feb.
18, 1830, in Knox county, Ohio. He prac
ticed medicine at Oskaloosa, Iowa, until
1861; was editor of the Herald of that
place from 1858 to 1865; and of the Bur
lington Hawkeye from 1865 to 1874. He
was a member of the state senate in 1870,
1872, and 1873; and in 1879 was appointed
fourth auditor of the treasury at Wash
ington.
BEARDSLEY, EBEN EDWARDS, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1808 in Step
ney, Conn. He is an episcopal clergy
man of New Haven; and the author of
History of the Episcopal Church in Con
necticut; Lives of Samuel Johnson, the
First President of King's College, 'New
York, William Samuel Johnson, presi
dent of Columbia College; and Samuel
Seabury, Bishop of Connecticut. He died
in 1891.
BEARDSLEY, HOSEA L., soldier, cler
gyman, was born June 11, 1838, in Dela
ware county, N. Y. He served with dis
tinction during the civil war; first in the
eighteenth regiment, Iowa volunteer In
fantry, and was promoted to first lieu
tenant of the second regiment, Arkansas
infantry. Since 1866 he has been clergy
man of the Methodist Episcopal church;
and since 1885 has been pastor of the
Simpson Methodist Episcopal church of
Denver, Colo.
BEARDSLEY, ISAAC H., clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 1, 1831, in North
Harpersfield, N. Y. For nearly fifty
years he has been a clergyman of the
methodist episcopal church; and has filled
pastorates in New York, Ohio, and for the
past thirty years in Colorado. During
the civil war he was a chaplain in the
Union army. He is the author of Echoes
from Peak and Plain; and a Genealog
ical History of the Beardsley family.
BEARDSLEY, LEVI, lawyer, state sen
ator, jurist, was born Nov. 13, 1785, in Hoo-
sic, N. Y. In 1825 he was elected to the
state assembly that passed the first rail
road charter in the United States. He was
elected to the state senate in 1829; re-
eiected in 1834; and was president of the
senate in 1838, and for many years judge
of the court of errors of New York. Be
sides his legal opinions, he published an
autobiographical volume entitled Remi
niscences. He died March 19, 1857, in New
York.
BEARDSLEY, MORRIS BEACH, law
yer, legislator, jurist, was born Aug. 13,
1849, in Trumbull, Conn. He graduated
from Yale university and Columbia col
lege law school, and has been judge of
the Bridgeport probate court for sixteen
years; and member of the general assem
bly of Connecticut since 1893.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BEARDSLEY, NELSON, manufacturer,
bank president, was born May 30, 1807,
in Southbury, Conn. In 1848 he became
one of the incorporators of tiie Oswego
Starch factory, and in 1883 its president,
and held the office for the rest of his
life. He gained a fortune of seven mil
lions. He died Jan. 15, 1894, in Auburn,
N. Y.
BEARDSLEY, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Feb. 9, 1790, in
Hoosic, N. Y. He held the post of at
torney-general of the state. He was a
representative in congress from Oneicla
county, N. Y., to the twenty-second,
twenty-third, and a part of the twenty-
fourth and twenty-eighth congresses. He
also held the office of state senator in
1823, and was assistant justice and chief
justice of the supreme court of the state,
and the federal appointment of United
States district attorney for New York.
He died May 6, 1860, in Utica, N. Y.
BEARD&LEY, SAMUEL RAYMOND,
lawyer, soldier, was born Dec. 31, 1814,
in Cherry Valley, N. Y. He was elected
mayor of Oswego in 1852; appointed post
master in 1853; and was defeated as a
candidate for the assembly in 1858. He
was commissioned lieutenant-colonel of
the twenty-fourth New York volunteers in
1861; was wounded at Chancellorsville,
and was promoted to the colonelcy m
1863. He died Dec. 28, 1863, in Stevens-
burg, Va.
BEASELEY, NATHANIEL, pioneer,
state senator, was born in 1751. He was
a large and powerful man; a noted In
dian fighter, and performed valuable serv
ices in the St. Clair and Wayne cam
paigns. He afterward settled in Chilli-
cothe, Ohio; was a member of the general
assembly in 1819-20 from Adams county,
and senator from Brown in 1820-22. He
was also canal commissioner and major-
general of militia. He died March 27,
1835, in Knox county, Ohio.
HENLEY, FREDERICK, clergyman,
author, was born in 1777, near Edenton,
N. C. He was an episcopal clergyman
who was provost of the university of
Pennsylvania. He was the author of An
Examination of the Oxford Divinity;
Search of Truth in the Science of the
Human Mind; and Reply to Dr. Chan-
ning. He died Nov. 2, 1845, in Elizabeth-
town, N. J.
BEATTIE, ELISE, author, poet, was
born Feb. 27, 1858, in Newbury, Vt. She
is the author of a volume of poems en
titled Echoes, which was published in
1873.
BEATTIE, HAMLIN, manufacturer,
banker, was born May 6, 1835, in Green
ville, S. C. In 1859 he established the
mercantile house of H. Beattie and Co.;
and in 1872 organized and became the
president of the National bank of Green
ville. S. C.
BEATTIE, JAMES HJ^JNRY, civil en
gineer, state senator, was born Jan. 17,
1847, in Maidstone, Vt. He is a success
ful farmer and land surveyor of Bruns
wick, Vt. In 1872-74 he was a member of
the Vermont house of representatives;
and in 1896 was elected to the state sen
ate.
BEATTIE, JOHN, contractor, was born
June 18, 1824, in Scotland. In 1855 he
purchased the Harrison quarry at Fall
River; and a year later opened another
quarry at Niantic, Conn. Among the
most notable structures he has built are
the stone towers for the suspension
bridge across the Kentucky river; bridges
on the Wabash railroad in Indiana; and
the great bridge across the Ohio, between
Cincinnati and Covington.
BEATTY, HARRY L., lawyer, state
legislator, was born April 4, 1865, in Ra
venna, Ohio. He is a successful lawyer
of Ravenna; has filled numerous public
offices; and served as a member of the
seventy-second and seventy-third gen
eral assemblies of Ohio.
BEATTY, JOHN, physician, congress
man. He was a delegate to the conti
nental congress from 1783 to I?s5; and a
representative in congress from New Jer
sey from 1793 to 1795. He died April 30,
1826, in. Trenton.
BEATTY, JOHN, banker, general, con
gressman, was born Sept. 16, 1828, in San-
dusky city, Ohio. He entered the third
Ohio infantry and became brigadier-gen
eral in the civil war. He was elected a
representative from Ohio to the fortieth
congress to fill a vacancy, and was re-
elected to the forty-first congress.
BEATTY, MARTIN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1833 to 1835.
JEATTY, ROBERT MUIR, attorney-
general, was born March 4, 1850, in Mount
Morris, 111. In 1873 he moved to Eureka
county, Nev., where he served as district
attorney during 1887-88, and continued
to reside there until his election to the
office of attorney-general in 1894.
BEATTY, SAMUEL, farmer, soldier,
was born Dec. 16, 1820, in Mifflin county,
Pa. He served nearly two years in the
Mexican war as first lieutenant in the
third Ohio volunteers. He was made
brigadier-general of volunteers in 1862,
commanded a division in the uattle of
Stone River, and was brevetted major-
general in 1865. He died May 26, 1885, in
Jackson, Ohio.
BEATTY, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Ireland. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1837 to 1841.
BEATTY, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
jurist, was born Feb. 18, 1838, in Lucas
county, Ohio. He received the rudiments
of his education in the common schools
of California and Kentucky; and attend
ed the university of Virginia. During
1864-75 he was judge of the district court
of Nevada; justice of the supreme court
of Nevada during 1875-81; and since 1889
has been chief justice of the supreme
court of California.
BEAUCHAMP, JAMES T., lawyer, was
born March 13, 1864, in Morgantown, Ky.
He graduated from the Ogden college of
Bowling Green, Ky., where he has at
tained eminence as an able lawyer, mak
ing a specialty of equity practice in fed
eral and state courts. After graduation
he taught school for awhile, and for two
years was clerk of the quarterly court of
Warrenton, Ky.
BEAlv.HAMP, JENNIE B., reformer,
author, was born July 9, 1833, in Nelson
county, Ky. She is the author of Maple-
hurst; Digest of Parliamentary Laws;
and A Collection of Responsive Bible
Readings. The pen of this writer has
been especially devoted to reform work,
and in 1883 she was elected state presi
dent of the Texas Woman's Christian
Temperance union.
BEAUCHAMP, LOU J., journalist, lec
turer, author, was born Jan. 14, 1851, in
Cincinnati, Ohio. He has been telegraph,
news and literary editor of the Cincin
nati Times-Star, and has been connected
with various leading dailies. Since 1877
he has been principally engaged as a
temperance lecturer, and has been called
The Western Gough. He is the author
of two books: This, That and The Other;
and Sunshine.
BEAUMONT, ANDREW, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1833 to 1837; and was ap
pointed, in 1846, commissioner of public
buildings for the District of Columbia.
He died Oct. 30, 1853, in Wilkesbarre, Pa.
BEAUMONT, BETTY BENTLEY, mer
chant, author, was born Aug. 9, 1828, in.
England. She was the only child of
Joseph Bentley, the great educational re
former, and author of thirty-three books,
to improve the methods of education. She
became a successful merchant of Wood-
ville, Miss.; and is the author of Twelve
Years of My Life; and A Business Wom
an's Journal.
BEAUMONT, JOHN G., naval officer,
was born Aug. 27, 1821, in Pennsylvania.
He was engaged as commander of a
monitor in attacks on the fortifications-
in Charleston harbor during the civil war,
and took a prominent part in the capture
of Fort Wagner. He died Aug. 2, 1882.
BEAUREGARD, PIERRE GUSTAVE
TOUTANT, general, author, was born
May 28, 1818, in St. Bernard parish, La.
As a commander of
the confederate
army he was very
popular. He is in
cluded among Lou-
i s i a n a's d i s t i n-
guished authors, in
virtue of his Com
mentary on the
Campaign and Battle
of Manassas, and his
Summary of the Art
of War. He died
Feb. 20, 1893, in New
Orleans, La.
BEAUSAY, RICHARD FAUSTINUS,
educator, lawyer, clergyman, was born
Feb. 15, 1859, near Greenville, Ohio. He
was a printer and newspaper correspond
ent in his youth, attended school at the
Ohio Normal university of Ada, Ohio, and
followed educational work for fifteen
years. In 1895 he was admitted to the bar
at Columbus, and practiced law for a
brief period at Upper Sandusky, Ohio.
In 1896 he became a clergyman of the
methodist episcopal church, entering the
Central Ohio conference at Bellefontaine,
and was appointed to the pastorate of
Dixon circuit.
BEAUVAIS, ARMAND, sixth governor
of Louisiana, was a Creole of that state.
He became governor by constitutional
right, being president of the state and ex-
officio lieutenant-governor at the time of
Governor Derbigny's death. He was
justice of the peace in 1810; was elected
to the state legislature in 1814, to which
position he was afterward twice re-elect
ed. During 1822-30 he was a continuous
member of the state senate.
BEAVER, JAMES ADDAMS, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, governor, was born Oct. 21,
1837, in Millerstown, Pa. In 1856 he grad
uated from the Jefferson college. During
the civil war he served with distinction
and was mustered out on account of
wounds received in battle Dec. 4, 1864, as
brevet brigadier-general United States
volunteers. During 1870-87 he was a mem
ber of the national guard of Pennsylvania,
in which he served as brigadier-general
and major-general. In 1880 he was chair
man of the Pennsylvania delegation to
the republican national convention. In
1882 and 1886 he was the candidate for
governor of Pennsylvania, and filled that
high office during 1887-91. In 1895 he
was appointed judge of the superior court
of Pennsylvania; and the same year was
elected to that office to serve ten years
from January. 1896.
HKKRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BEBB, WILLIAM, governor, was born
in 1802 in Butler county, Ohio. He was
governor of Ohio from 1846 to 1848. He
died Oct. 24, 1873, in Rockford, 111.
BECHTEL, GEORGE, manufacturer,
philanthropist, was born in 1840 in Ger
many. After graduating from the Col-
__^ umbia college, he
^fjt^ n became identified
m with his father's
brewery, which was
-f K established in 1853
i at Stapleton, Staten
1 Island. In 1870 he
became sole propri
etor; and was one of
the largest taxpayers
on Staten Island. He
filled numerous pub
lic offices of trust;
was four times elect
ed delegate from Richmond county to the
state convention; and in 1888 was a presi
dential elector. Shortly before his death
he erected Bechtel's hospital on Staten
Island, which his widow subsequently do
nated to the Smith's infirmary. He was
extremely charitable, and foremost in all
benevolent works on Staten Island. He
died July 16, 1889, leaving an estate worth
two million dollars.
BECK, CHARLES, educator, legislator,
was born Aug. 19, 1798, in Heidelberg,
Germany. In 1832 he was elected to the
chair of Latin language and literature
at Cambridge, and, on his retirement from
that professorship in 1850, he devoted
himself to literary pursuits and classical
studies. In 1863 he published The Manu
scripts of the Satyricon of Petronius Ar
biter, described and collated. He was for
two years a representative of Cambridge
in the state legislature. He died March
19, 1866, in Cambridge, Mass.
BECK, ERASMUS W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 21, 1833, in Mc-
Donough, Ga. He was educated at Mer
cer university, in that state; was admit
ted to the bar in Georgia in 1856; and
practiced his profession there. He was
elected to the forty-second congress to
fill a vacancy.
BECK, GEORGE, poet, was born in 1749
in England. He wrote short poems, made
poetic translations from Anacreon, Ho
mer, Virgil, and Horace, and in 1812 pub
lished Observations on the Comet. In
1795 he served as a scout in Wayne's cam
paign against the Indians. He died Dec.
24, 1812, in Lexington, Ky.
BECK, JAMES B., lawyer, United
States senator, was born Feb. 13, 1822, in
Scotland. In 1867 he was elected a repre
sentative from Kentucky to the fortieth
congress, and was re-elected to the three
succeeding congresses. He was elected a
United States senator from Kentucky for
the term of six years, from 1877; and
was re-elected for a second term of six
years. He died May 3, 1890, in Washing
ton, D. C.
BECK, JOHN BRODHEAD, physician,
author, was born Sept. 18, 1794, in Schenee-
tady, N. Y. He was the author of Medical
Essays; and with his brother, T. Romeyn
Beck, produced the great work on Medical
Jurisprudence. He was also the author
of Infant Therapeutics; and Historical
Sketch of the State of Medicine in the Col
onies. He died April 9, 1851, in Rhine-
beck, N. Y.
BECiv. LEONORA, educator, author,
was born in Georgia. For five years she
was the president of the Capitol Female
college of Atlanta, Ga., and now fills the
chair of Latin and Greek in the Gardner
institute of New York city. She is the
author of a work of prose and verse.
BECK, LEWIS C., chemist, author, was
born Oct. 4, 1798, in Schenectady, N. Y.
In 1830 he was appointed professor of
chemistry and natural history in Rutger's
college, and, at the time of his death,
was professor of chemistry in the Albany
Medical college. He published Account
of the Salt Springs at Salina; On Adulter
ations; Botany of the United States, and
of the United States North of Virginia;
Mineralogy of New York; Illinois and
Missouri Gazetteer; and Chemistry. He
died April 20, 1853, in Albany, N. Y.
BECK, PAUL, philanthropist, was born
in 1760 in Philadelphia, Pa. He acquired
a large fortune in the wine trade, and for
several years filled the office of port war
den of Philadelphia. He was one of the
founders of the Philadelphia academy of
fine arts, a benefactor of the deaf and
dumb institution of that city; president
of the American Sunday School union;
and a contributor to various other chari
table and religious undertakings. He died
Dec. 22, 1844, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BECK, SAMUEL, educator, clergyman,
was born Nov. 3, 1832, near Richmond,
Ind. He received his education in the
public schools and academies of eastern
Indiana; and received the degree of
doctor of divinity from the DePauw uni
versity. For ten years he was engaged in
educational work in the common and
special schools. He has attained success
as an eminent clergyman; has filled pas
torates in the methodist episcopal church
in Covington, Attica, Crawfordsville,
Greencastle, Thorntown, Terre Haute, and
Brazil; and for the past twelve years
has been presiding elder of the Valparaiso
district.
BECK, THEODRIC ROMEYN, author,
was born April 11, 1791, in Schenectady,
N. Y: He was a medical writer of Al
bany; and the author of Elements of
Medical Jurisprudence, with J. B. Beck,
his brother. He died Nov. 19, 1855, in
Utica, N. Y.
BECKER, CYNTHIA ANN, poet. She
is a successful writer of Lincoln, Neb.;
and her poems constantly appear in the
western press.
BECKER, GEORGE FERDINAND, ge
ologist, author, was born Jan. o, 1847, in
New York city. He is a geologist in the
United States service; and the author of
Geology of the Comstock Lode; Atomic
Weight Determinations; Geometrical
Value of Volcanic Cones; A New Law
of Thermo-Chemistry; Geology of the
Quicksilver Deposits of the Pacific Slope;
and several lesser works.
BECKER, HARRY WILLIAM, was
born June 18, 1868, in Girardville, Pa.
He was educated in the common schools
of his native place
and at Ashland, Wil-
liamsport, and in a
business college of
Philadelphia. H e
built the Palace the
ater in Girardville.
of which he is owner
and manager. He has
been engaged with
and interested in nu-
merous theatrical en-
terprises; and is the
owner and editor of
the Footlight, a theatrical paper, and The
Weekly Stem. He is an accomplished
musician and leads a band numbering
over one hundred men. rie is a member
of the board of trade of his city, and is
interested in various business enterprises.
BECKER, PHILIP, merchant, public
official, was born in April, 1830, in Ger
many. He attained success as a mer
chant in Buffalo. N. Y.. and has retired
from active business. He served three
terms as mayor of the city of Buffalo;
and since ISoa has been president of the
Buffalo German Insurance company. He
was a delegate to the republican national
convention of 1876.
BECKER, THOMAS A., Roman Cath
olic bishop, was born in 1832 in Pitts-
burg, Pa. He was appointed professor of
theology, ecclesiastical history, and sacred
scriptures in St. Mary's college, Emmetts-
burg, and was one of the chief secretaries
of the plenary council assembled at Balti
more. He was then stationed at the ca
thedral of Richmond, where he remained
until created bishop of the new diocese
of Wilmington, Del. He has contributed
largely to reviews and periodicals, and his
series of articles in the American Cath
olic Quarterly on the idea of a true uni
versity attracted wide attention.
BECKETT, SYLVESTER BREAK-
MORE, author, poet, was born in 1812 in
Maine. He was a publisher of Portland,
Maine; and the author of Hester, the
Bride of the Islands, a Poem; and Guide
Book of the Atlantic and St. Lawrence.
He died in 1882.
BECKHAM, CARL H., lawyer, state
legislator, was born July 3, 1860, in Henry
county, Ohio. He studied law in Toledo,
was admitted to the bar in 1886, and has
been ever since engaged in the practice
of his profession in that city. He was
elected to the seventy-first Ohio general
assembly as a republican, and re-elected
to the seventy-second general assembly.
In 1888 he was a candidate of the demo
cratic party for congress. He has been
a member of the board of city school ex
aminers for about eighteen years.
BECKLEY, JOHN NEWTON, educator,
lawyer, railroad president, was born Dec.
30, 1848, in Clarendon, N. Y. From 1870-
71 he became principal of the public
schools of Lanesboro, Minn.; and at
Rushford from 1871-72. In 1882 he was
elected city attorney of Rochester, N. Y.;
and in 1889 was elected president of a rail
road; and in 1892 became president of
the street railroad association of the state
of New York at Rochester.
BECKNER, WILLIAM MORGAN, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born June
19, 1841, in Nicholas county, Ky. He was
elected city judge without opposition
March, 1865; county attorney without op
position in 1867; was nominated without
opposition and elected county judge in
1870; was appointed prison commissioner
in 1880, and wrote report of commission
with reference to system for manag
ing state prisons. He was appoint
ed railroad commissioner in 1882 and
served until February, 1884, when he
resigned. He was nominated and elect
ed member of the constitutional con
vention without opposition in 1890; and
was elected to the legislature without op
position in 1893. He was elected to con
gress as a democrat in 1894, to fill a
vacancy.
BECKWITH, AMOS, soldier, was born
in 1830 in Vermont. He was graduated
at West Point in 1850, and served in the
Seminole war. He was brevetted briga
dier-general in the United States army
in 1865, and promoted lieutenant-colonel
on the general staff in 1874.
BECKWITH, CHARLES D., manufac
turer, congressman, was born Oct. 23,
1838, in Saratoga, N. Y. He was educated
at private schools in Troy, N. Y.; Phila
delphia, Pa.; Worcester, Mass.; and at
New Haven, Conn, (military). He la en
gaged in iron manufacturing; served as
alderman and mayor, each four years;
and was elected to the fifty-first congress
as a republican.
.HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
97
BECKWITH, EDWARD GRIFFIN, sol
dier, was born June 25, 1818, in Caze-
novia, N. Y. He was graduated at West
Point in 1842, served in the war with
Mexico at Tampico and Vera Cruz. In
1865, he received the brevet rank of brig
adier-general, United States army, for
faithful and meritorious services during
the war. He died June 22, 1881, in Clif
ton, N. Y.
BECKWITH, EMMA, r« former, was
born Dec. 4, 1849, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
She received her education in the public
schools of Toledo,
Ohio, and was the
fl r s t woman go
ing into business
life in lower New
York, at 66 Nassau
street. She was
nominated for mayor
of Brooklyn, made a
genuine canvass, and
obtained a large
vote. She is an
earnest advocate of
woman suffrage, and
has entered the regular lecture field, in
which she has attained eminent success.
She has also been foremost in all chari
table works and philanthropic move
ments.
BECKWITH, JAMES CARROLL, paint
er, was born Sept. 23, 1852, in Hannibal,
Mo. He is a son of N. M. Beckwith, who
was United States_c_ommissioner-general
at the international exhibition of Paris
in 1867. He studied art for two years in
the national academy, New York, and for
five years in the Paris school of arts.
His works include Judith, portraits ex
hibited at the New York academy of de
sign, and The Falconer, sent to the Paris
exposition of 1878. He received a medal
from the Universal exposition in Paris in
1889.
BECKWITH, JOHN WATRUS, bishop,
was born Feb. 9, 1831, in Raleigh, N. C.
At the close of the war he became rector
of Trinity church, New Orleans, and while
there was elected protestant episcopal
bishop of Georgia. He died Nov. 24, 1890,
in Atlanta, Ga.
BECKWITH, PHILO DANIEL, was
born March 6, 1825, in Pike, N. Y. In
1871 he invented the Round Oak stove
for heating purposes, which has since
revolutionized the stove trade of the
United States. He was elected mayor of
Dowagiac, Mich., four times.
BECKWITH, MRS. SUE E., poet, was
born in 1843, in DeKalb county, 111. She
is a writer of Audale, Kan.; and the au
thor of the poem entitled A Legend of
Arkansas.
BECKWITH, WALTER PARKER, edu
cator, was born Aug. 27, 1851, in Lemp-
ster, N. H. In 1871 he graduated from the
Kimball Union academy of Meriden,
N. H.; and from Tufts college in 1876.
For two years he was principal of the
Chicopee Falls high school; and during
1878-96 was superintendent of schools at
Adams, Mass. Since 1896 he has been
connected with the State Normal school
of Salem, Mass.
BECKWOURTH, JAMES P., pioneer,
was born about 1800 in Virginia. He was
a mulatto. About 1850 he discovered the
pass through the Sierra Nevada moun
tains that bears his name. During his
adventurous life he was at one time chief
among the Crow Indians, and he figures
in many books of western travel. He died
in 1867.
BEDEL, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, legis
lator, was born July 8, 1822, in Indian
Stream territory, N. H. His father was
Gen. Moody Bedel.
The son enlisted as
a private in the Mex
ican war in 1847,
and became a captain
in 1849. He was ad
mitted to the bar in
1850, and practiced
in Bath. He was
made a brigadier-
general of United
£• States volunteers,
by brevet, dating in
1865, for gallant
and meritorious services. He repre
sented the town of Bath in the legis
lature, and was several times the unsuc
cessful democratic candidate for governor
He died Feb. 26, 1875, in Bath, N. H.
BEDEL, TIMOTHY, soldier, was Dorn
about 1740 in Salem, N. H. He served as
a lieutenant in the French war. In 1775
he was appointed captain of rangers, and
in 1776, colonel of the first New Hamp
shire regiment, joining the northern army
under Schuyler. He died February 1787
in Haverhill, N. H.
BEDELL, FREDERICK, physicist elec-
irlcian, was born April 12, 1S68, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He graduated from Yale and
later received the degree of Ph. D. from
Cornell, where he was appointed assist
ant professor of physics in 1893. He is
the editor of the Physical Review, is well
known by his scientific writings, and as
the author of Alternating Currents; A
Laboratory Manual of Physics- and The
Principles of the Transformer.
BEDELL, GREGORY THURSTON,
bishop, author, was born Aug. 17, 1817 in
Hudson, N. Y. He was the third protest-
ant episcopal bishop of Ohio, and a valued
writer of the evangelical school. He is
the author of The Divinity of Chrisf
The Profit of Godliness; Pastoral The
ology; Principles of Pastorship; The
Age of Indifference; Episcopacy; Fact
and Law; and a few minor works He
died in 1892.
BEDELL, GREGORY TOWNSEND,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 28, 1193,
on Staten Island, N. Y. He was an epis
copal clergyman of Philadelphia, and once
famous as a preacher. He is the author of
Renunciation; Ezekiel's Vision; and Ser
mons were his chief works. He died Aug
30, 1834, in Baltimore, Md.
BEDELL, LOUIS, lawyer, state legis
lator, was born Oct. 1, 1864, in Coxsackie,
N. Y. He is a successful lawyer of New
York city; and in 1896-97 served with
distinction as a member of the New York
state legislature.
BEDFORD, GUNNING, soldier, con
gressman, governor, was born about 1730
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a lieutenant
in the French war in 1755; major in 1775;
lieutenant-colonel in Hasler's regiment in
1776; was wounded at White Plains; and
subsequently appointed muster-master-
general in 1776. He was a delegate to the
continental congress from 1783 to 1785;
and governor of Delaware in 1796 and
1797. He died Sept. 30, 1797, in New
Castle, Del.
BEDFORD, GUNNING, JR., lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born in 1747, In
Philadelphia, Pa. He graduated at New
Jersey college in 1771; practiced law at
Dover, and at Wilmington, Del.; was a
member of the legislature; attorney-gen
eral of the state; and a delegate to the
continental congress in 1785 and 1786.
He was a member of the convention which
formed the federal constitution; was a
presidential elector in 1789 and 1793; and
was United States district judge from
1789. He died March 30, 1812, in Wil
mington. Del.
BEDFORD, GUNNING S., physician,
author, was born in 1806, in Baltimore,
Md. He was the author of Lectures on
Diseases of Women and Children; Mid
wifery; and has translated from the
• French several medical works. He died
Sept. 5, 1870, in New York city.
BEDFORD, MRS. LOU S., poet. Her
first work, A Vision and Other Poems,
was published in 1881, and by permission
was reproduced in London. This volume
elicited many fine encomiums from such
men as Oliver Wendell Holmes, Long-
. fellow, and Paul Hayne. In 1888 ap
peared Gathered Leaves, a very fine col
lection of her later poems.
BEDINGER, GEORGE M., soldier, con
gressman, was born about 175u in Vir
ginia. He was one of the earliest emi
grants to Kentucky. He served as ad-
, jutant in the expedition against Chilli-
cothe in 1779; as major at me battle of
Blue Licks in 1782; and did good service
throughout the war as an Indian spy. He
was major of the United States infantry
in 1792-93; was a member of the Kentucky
legislature in 1792; and a representative
in congress from that state from 1803 to
1807. He died in 1830 in Lower Blue
Licks. Ky.
BEDINGER, HENRY, lawyer, diplom
atist, congressman, was born in 1810 near
Shepherdstown, Va. He was a represent
ative in congress from Virginia from 1845
to 1849, where he was distinguished for
his eloquence as a debater. In 1853 he
was appointed charge d'affaires to Den
mark, afterward minister resident. Dur
ing his residence in Denmark he was suc
cessful in bringing about the treaty abol
ishing the sound dues. He died Nov. 26,
1858, in Shepherdstown, Va.
BEDLE, JOSEPH DORSET, lawyer, jur
ist, governor, was born Jan. 3, 1831, in
Mattawan, N. J. In 1865 he was appointed
a judge of the supreme court of New Jer
sey, and was reappointed in 1872. In
1874 he was elected governor of New Jer
sey, and served three years.
BEDLE, JOSEPH DORSETT, lawyer,
jurist, governor, was born Jan. 5, 1821, in
Middletown, N. J. In 1865 he was elect
ed justice of the supreme court of New
Jersey; and in 1875-78 was elected the
twenty-sixth governor of New Jersey.
BEDLOW, HENRY, capitalist, was born
Dec. 21, 1821, in New York city. In 1868
the island to which he gave his name,
came to him by purchase, and there he
made his home. He also served in 1848
as assistant physician of the American
expedition to the Dead sea. While thor
oughly a New Yorker, Mr. Bedlow long
ago made Newport, R. I., his home, and
held the office of mayor of that city in
1875, 1876 and 1877.
BEE, BERNARD E., soldier, was born
about 1823 in Charleston, S. C. He served
as captain on frontier duty in Minnesota,
on the Utah expedition, and in Dakota
until March 3, 1861, when he resigned and
entered the confederate service. He held
the rank of brigadier-general, and com
manded a brigade of South Carolina
troops at Bull Run. He died July 21, 1861.
BEE, HAMILTON P., soldier. He was a
general in the confederate service during
the civil war. He is a bromer of Bernard
C. Bee, who at Bull Run said: There is
Jackson standing like a stone wall, thus
giving to that officer a name that would
live for all time, while he was to die that
day himself.
98
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BEE, THOMAS, jurist, congressman, au
thor, was born in 1729 in South Carolina.
He was a revolutionary patriot of South
Carolina; member of the assembly;
speaker of the house of representatives;
member of the privy council; judge of the
state courts; member of the council of
safety; and lieutenant-governor. He was
a delegate to the continental congress
from 1780 to 1782, and finally district
judge; and published Reports of the Dis
trict Courts of South Carolina in 1810.
BEEBE, BEZALEEL, soldier, legislator,
was born April 28, 1741, in Litchfield,
Conn. As one of Rogers' celebrated rang
ers, he was engaged in the bloody fight
where Putnam was captured, and he was
also at the capture of Montreal in 1760.
He was appointed to the command of all
the Connecticut troops raised for sea-
coast defence, with the duties and pay of
a brigadier-general. After th3 war he
was frequently a member of the legisla
ture. He died May 29, 1824, in Litchfield,
Conn.
BEEBE, GEORGE M., journalist, law
yer, congressman, was born Oct. 28, 1836,
in New Vernon, N. Y. In 1859 he went to
Kansas; was 'elected to the territorial
council, appointed secretary of the terri
tory, and was acting governor. In 1872-
73 he was president of the democratic
state convention at Syracuse and Utica,
N. Y.; was elected to the legislature of
New York in 1873-74; and was elected a
representative from New York to the
forty-fourth and forty-uith congresses.
BEEBE, JOHN W., educator, journalist,
poet, was born Aug. 2, 1853, in George
town, Del. He is a successful educator
and journalist of Kingman, Kan.; and the
author of a number of meritorious poems.
BEEBE, MILTON EARL, architect,
was born Nov. 27, 1840, in Cassadaga,
N. Y. He is one of the leading architects
in the city of Buffalo, and has built and
designed many of the most important
buildings of that city. In 1879 he was
elected alderman, and in 1881 mayor of
Buffalo.
BEEBE, WARREN LORING, phy
sician, surgeon, was born March 16, 1848,
in Belpre, Ohio. He is one of the fore
most physicians and surgeons of Minne
sota at St. Cloud; has been president
of the Minnesota State Medical society;
and surgeon to the Northern Pacific and
Great Northern railroad companies.
BEECH, MRS. MARY TURNER, poet,
was born in Homer, N. Y. She is a poet
of Beechville, 111.; and has contributed
extensively to current literature.
BEECHER, CATHERINE ESTHER,
educator, author, was born Sept. 6, 1800,
in East Hampton, N. Y., and is a daughter
of L. Beecher, a New England educator
of much celebrity at one time, who wrote
with the ardor of sincerest conviction.
She was the author of Domestic Econ
omy; Physiology and Calisthenics; Let
ters to the People; Religious Training of
Children; and Domestic Service, True
Remedy for the Wrongs of Woman. She
died May 12, 1878, in Elmira, N. Y.
BEECHER, CHARLES, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 7, 1815, in Litchfleld,
Conn., and is a son of L. Beecher. He
is a congregational clergyman; and the
author of Patmos; Pen Pictures of the
Bible; The Eden Tableau; and Redeem
er and Redeemed. He edited his father's
Life and Correspondence.
BEECHER, EDWARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 27, 1803, in' East
Hampton, N. Y., and was a son of L.
Beecher. He was a congregational clergy
man of Illinois, and later of Brooklyn,
whose attainments must be considered
as the most solid of those of any of the
famous children of Lyman Beecher. In
his Conflict of Ages (1853) was struck
the earliest note of the liberal theology
now dominant in the congregational
churches. The more important of his
other works include Papal Conspiracy Ex
posed; Baptism; and History of Opinions
on the Scriptural Doctrine of Future
Retribution. He died in 1895.
BEECHER, MRS. EUNICE WHITE,
author, was born Aug. 26, 1812, in West
Button, Mass., and was the wife of H.
W. Beecher. She was the author of From
Dawn to Daylight: a Simple Story;
Motherly Talks with Young Housekeep
ers; All Around the House, or How to
Make Homes Happy; Letters from Flor
ida; and Mr. Beecher as I Knew Him.
She died in 1897.
BEECHER, FARY BUCHANAN, edu
cator, lawyer, was born June 2, 1856, in
Steuben county, N. Y. He received his
education in the common schools and at
Rogersville Union seminary. For sev
eral years he was engaged in educational
work, and became principal of the At
lanta Union Free school. For five years
he was a justice of the peace; and is now
a successful lawyer of Atlanta, N. Y. He
is a prominent member of various orders.
He has also contributed both prose and
verse, as well as law articles, to current
literature.
BEECHER, GEORGE, clergyman, was
born May 6, 1809, in East Hampton, N. Y.
He was a clergyman of Chillicothe, Ohio,
and a devoted pastor, and an inspiring
preacher. He died July 1, 1843.
BEECHER, HENRY WARD, clergy
man, author, was born June 24, 1813, in
Litchfield, Conn., and was a son of Ly
man Beecher. He
was a congregation
al clergyman widely
famous as the pastor
of Plymouth church
of Brooklyn in 1847-
87. He was an earn-
e s t, large-hearted
man, though not a
deep thinker, and his
cheerful influence
upon middle-class
American thought
was very extensive.
His literary work can hardly be said to
possess enduring excellence, and much of
it is already forgotten, graphic and pic
turesque as it often is. He was the author
of Eyes and Ears; Life Thoughts; Star
Papers; Yale Lectures on Preaching; Lec
tures to Young Men; Speeches on the
American Rebellion; Doctrinal Beliefs
and Unbeliefs; and Life of Jesus the
Christ. His only novel, Norwood, is a
collection of successful character studies
rather than a finished story. He died
March 8, 1887.
BEECHER, JAMES CHAPLIN, soldier,
clergyman, was born Jan. 8, 1828, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was graduated at Dart
mouth in 1848, studied theology at An-
dover, and on May 10, 1856, was ordained
a congregational clergyman. He was
mustered out of service in 1866 as brevet
brigadier-general. He died Aug. 25, 1886,
in Elmira, N. Y.
BEKCHER, LYMAN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 2, 1775, in New
Haven, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman of wide fame. While in Bos
ton h« was a zealous opponent of uni-
tarlanism, and as president of Lane Theo
logical seminary at Cincinnati was noted
as an outspoken enemy of slavery. He
was a bold thinker, much in advance of
his contemporaries. He was the author
of Sermons on Temperance; Views in
Theology; Scepticism; and Political
Atheism. He died Jan. 10, 1863, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
BEECHER, PHILEMON, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in New Haven, Conn.
He was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1817 to 1821, and again from
1823 to 1829. He died Nov. 30, 1839, In
Lancaster, Ohio.
BEECHER, THOMAS KINNICUT,
clergyman, author, was born Feb. 10,
1824, in Litchfield, Conn., and is a son
of Lyman Beecher. He is a congregation
al clergyman of Elmira, N. Y. ; and the
author of Our Seven Churches.
BEECHER, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, was born Jan. 15, 1802, in East
Hampton, L. I. For many years he was a
home missionary on the Western Reserve,
and since has held charges in Putnam,
Toledo, and Chillicothe, Ohio, and In
Reading and North Brookfleld, Mass.
BEECHER, WILLIS JUDSON, educat
or, author, was born in 1838 in Ohio. He
is a professor of Hebrew in the Auburn
Theological seminary; and the author of
Farmer Tompkins and His Bible; Drill
Lessons in Hebrew; and Testimony of
the Historical Books.
BEEDE, JOHN E., lawyer, was born
Feb. 2, 1834, in Sandwich, N. H. He re
ceived his education from the common
schools and the Friends school of Provi
dence, R. I. He was a millwright before
he entered the practice of law. He has
been justice of the peace in Arizona and
Idaho, master of the grange, and delegate
chairman and president of numerous
movements and conventions in Idaho.
BEEKMAN, HENRY RUTGERS, law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 8, 1845, in New
York city. Previous to his election as
judge of the superior court, he was a
member of the law firm of Ogden and
Beekman. In 1886 he was elected presi
dent of the board of aldermen, for which
office he was nominated by the united
democracy. In 1888 he was appointed
counsel to the corporation of the city of
New York.
BEEKMAN, JAMES WILLIAM, state
senator, was born Nov. 22, 1815, in New
York city, N. Y. He was chosen state
senator of New York in 1850, and served
two terms. In 1861 he. with Erastus
Corning and Thurlow Weed, was appoint
ed by a meeting of conservative men in
New York to go to Washington and urge
President Buchanan to relieve Fort Sum-
ter. He died June 15, 1877, in New York
city, N. Y.
BEEKMAN, THOMAS, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1829 to 1831.
BEEMAN, JOSEPH H., business man,
legislator, congressman, was born Nov. 17,
1835, in Gates county, N. C. He received
an academic education; and was elected
to the legislature from Scott county, Miss.,
in 1883, 1885, 1887, and 1889. He has been
connected with the Farmers' Alliance
since its organization in the state, having
served during this time as chairman of
the state executive committee. He was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
BEERS, CYRUS, congressman. In 1838
he was elected a representative from New
York to the twenty-fifth congress to fill a
vacancy.
BEERS, MRS. ETHEL1NDA, author,
poet, was born Jan. 13, 1827, in Goshen,
N. J. She was the author of General
Frankie, a juvenile tale; and All Quiet
Along the Potomac, and other poems. She
died Oct. 10, 1879, in Orange, N. J.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
99
BEERS, HENRY AUGUSTIN, educator,
author, was born July 2, 1847, in Buffalo,
N. Y. He is a professor of English liter
ature at Yale university; and the author
of The Ways of Yale; A Suburban Pas
toral and Other Stories; From Chaucer
to Tennyson; Life of N. P. Willis; Outline
Sketch of English Literature; Initial
Studies in American Letters. Verse:
Odds and Ends; and The Thankless Muse.
BEERS, ROBERT WELSTED, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 3, 1860, in
Easton, Pa. He graduated from Lafayette
college in 1880, and entered Princeton
seminary in 1882. He is a successful
clergyman and the author of Mormon
Puzzle.
BEERS, WAYLAND L., clergyman, was
born Dec. 15, 1867, in Montana, N. J.
He graduated from the Peddle institute in
1890; from the Brown university in 1895;
and subsequently from the Union sem
inary and Columbia university. He has
attained success as a Unitarian clergyman,
and now fills a pastorate in Union
Springs, N. Y.
BEESON, HENRY W., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from his native
state from 1841 to 1843.
BEESON, JASPER LUTHER, educator,
chemist, was born Aug. 31, 1867, in Keen
er, Ala. He graduated from the univer
sity of Alabama, with the degree of M. A.;
was assistant professor of physics in his
alma mater, and later chemist to the
Alabama Geological Survey. In 1893 he
graduated from the Johns Hopkins uni
versity in chemistry with the degree of
Ph. D., whereupon he was elected profes
sor of agricultural chemistry in the Au-
dubon Sugar school of New Orleans. He
is the inventor of standard chemical ap
paratus for agricultural analysis, which
are in use both in America and Europe.
He is a prominent member of various
scientific bodies and has published sev
eral pieces of original investigation work
upon sugar and the sugar cane.
BEESON, JOHN WESLEY, educator,
college president, was born March 31,
1866, in Keener, Ala. This eminent edu
cator received his education at the uni
versity of Alabama. He became president
of the Arcadia college of Louisiana, and
subsequently was made president of the
Marengo Female college of Demopolis,
Ala.
BEGOLE, JOSIAH W., educator, busi
ness man, congressman, governor, was
born Jan. 20, 1815, in Groveland, N. Y.
He received a public school education;
removed to Genesee county, Mich., in
1836; taught school during the winters;
became a farmer in 1839, and followed
that occupation until 1856. He was elect
ed county treasurer from 1856 to 1864;
and commenced the lumbering business in
1863. He was elected to the state senate
in 1871; was an alderman for the city
of Flint for three years; a delegate to the
national republican convention at Phila
delphia in 1872; and was elected a repre
sentative from Michigan to the forty-third
congress. In 1882 he was elected governor
of Michigan for the term of two years
from January, 1883.
BELCHER, HIRAM, lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born in Augusta, Maine.
For four or five years he was a member
of the Maine legislature; and was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1847 to 1848. He died May 7, 1857.
BELCHER, JONATHAN, merchant,
governor, was born Jan. 8, 1681. He was
graduated at Harvard in 1699; and spent
six years in Europe. Having returned to
Boston and become a merchant there.
in 1729 he was sent to England as the
agent of the colony, and on Gov. Burnet's
death in 1730 he was appointed governor
of Massachusetts and New Hampshire,
which office he held for eleven years. He
died Aug. 31, 1757, in Elizabethtown, N. J.
BELCHER, JOSEPH, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 15, 1794, in Birming
ham, England. He was a baptist clergy
man of Philadelphia, who came thither
from England in 1844. His complete
works number over two hundred volumes.
Among them are The Baptist Pulpit of the
United States; The Clergy of America;
History of Religious Denominations in
the United States; and Hymns and Their
Authors. He died July 10, 1859, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
BELCHER, NATHAN, manufacturer,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born June 23, 1813, in Griswold, Conn.
He was a member of the house of repre
sentatives of Connecticut in 1846 and 1847,
and of the state senate in 1850. He was a
presidential elector in 1852; and was a
representative in congress from 1853 to
1855.
BELCHER, SAMUEL CLIFFORD, sol
dier, lawyer, was born March 20, 1839, in
Farmington, Maine. He graduated from
Bowdoin college in 1857. He was cap
tain and major in the sixteenth regi
ment of Maine infantry in the civil war;
and in 1879 was inspector-general of the
Maine militia, with the rank of brigadier-
general. He has practiced law for nearly
thirty years, and his reputation as an
astute lawyer is widespread.
BELDEN, ALBERT CLINTON, sur
geon, was born Sept. 14, 1845, in Castile,
N. Y. He settled in the practice of his
profession in Akron, Ohio; and had one
of the largest practices in the city. He
was made surgeon of the eighth regiment
Ohio national guard. He died Dec. 20,
1890.
BELDEN, ELLSWORTH BURNETT,
lawyer, jurist, was born in 1866 in Ra
cine county, Wis. He graduated from
the law department of the Wisconsin
State university; and in 1889 became
county judge, and was thrice re-elected
without opposition. He is a director in
the Racine Building and Loan associa
tion; a trustee of Racine college, and is
prominently identified with the business
and public affairs of his native county.
BELDEN, GEORGE O., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1827 to 1829.
BELDEN, JAMES JEROME, business
man, banker, congressman, was born Sept.
30, 1825, in Fabius, N. Y. He is a charter
member of the order
of the Founders and
Patriots of America,
and has been elected
councilor-general by
the societies of New
York, New Jersey,
and Connecticut. He
has been extensively
engaged in business
pursuits for forty
years, having been
largely interested in
and director of sev
eral national banks; is president and
principal owner of the Robert Gere bank
of Syracuse, which he founded, and has
been trustee of the Syracuse university
since it was founded. He was elected
mayor of Syracuse in 1877, and re-elected
in 1878 without opposition; was a dele
gate to the republican national conven
tion at Chicago in 1880; and was elect
ed as a republican to the fiftieth, fifty-
first, fifty-second, fifty-third and fifty-fifth
congresses.
BELDEN, JOSIAH, merchant, states
man, was born May 4, 1815, in Crom
well, Conn. When Captain Jones, of
the frigate United States, took posses
sion of California for the government,
Mr. Belden was appointed alcalde of
Santa Cruz, and with his own hands
raised the American flag in California for
the first time. He was the first mayor
of San Jose in 1850. He died April 23,
1892.
BELDING, MILO MERRICK, manufac
turer, was born April 3, 1833, in Ashfleld,
Mass. In 1866, with his brothers, he start
ed a silk factory in Rockville, Conn. In
1874 they built a second silk mill in
Northampton, Mass.; and later one in
Belding, Mich.
BELFORD, JAMES B., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 28, 1837, In
Lewiston, Pa. He was educated at Dick
inson college; studied and practiced law;
and was appointed a judge of the supreme
court of Colorado in 1870, and served
five years. He was elected a representa
tive from Colorado to the forty-fourth,
forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh, and
forty-eighth congresses.
BELFORD, JOSEPH McCRUM, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 5, 1852, in
Mifflingtown, Pa. He received a classical
education, graduating from Dickinson col
lege, Carlisle, Pa., in 1871; and engaged in
academic work for some years. He re
moved to Long Island in 1884; was ad
mitted to the bar in 1889, and was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
BELKNAP, CHARLES EUGENE, was
born Oct. 17, 1846, in Massena, N. Y. He
removed with his parents to Grand Rap-
ids, Mich., in 1855;
was educated in the
common schools of
Grand Rapids, left
school Aug. 14, 1862,
and enlisted 1 n
twenty-first r e g i-
ment, Michigan in
fantry; was promot
ed to different posi
tions, and received a
captain's commis
sion Jan. 22, 1864, at
the age of seventeen
years and three months; and served until
June, 1865, with the army of the Cilmber-
land. He served eleven years in the fire
department of Grand Rapids as captain of
a company, assistant chief, and chief;
seven years on board of education; served
two years as alderman; served one year
as mayor; has been a member of the
board of control of state school institu
tion for the deaf for the past four years;
and is engaged in the manufacture of
wagons and sleighs. He was elected to
the fifty-first and fifty-second congresses.
In 1892 he was appointed chairman of the
Chickamauga, Chattanooga and Mission
ary Ridge Military Park commission for
the state of Michigan. He has contribut
ed war stories and Chippewa Indian
myths to current literature.
BELKNAP, GEORGE EUGENE, naval
officer, author, was born Jan. 22, 1832, in
Newport, N. H. Since 1847 he has
' been In the United States naval service,
and in 1875 was commissioned post-cap
tain; was made commodore in 1885; and
is now rear-admiral. He is the author of
valuable papers on Deep Sea Soundings;
is a member of the American Geograph
ical society; and has received a silver
medal as a recognition of merit from
the Geographical society of France. His
portrait hangs in the new Library build
ing of the New Hampshire state capftol.
100
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BELKNAP, HUGH REID, business
man, congressman, was born Sept. 1,
1860, in Keokuk, Iowa. He attended the
public schools £here, and also took a
course of instruction at the Adams acad
emy, Quincy, Mass., completing his educa
tion at Phillips academy at Andover,
Mass.; being unable to take a coliegiate
course, at the age of eighteen he entered
the service of the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad company In a minor capacity;
remained with that company for twelve
years, filling various positions in practical
railroading in the operating department,
and retired as chief clerk to the general
manager, In 1892, to become superintend
ent of the South Side Rapid Transit rail
road of Chicago. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses aa
a republican.
BELKNAP, JEREMY, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 4, 1744, in Boston,
Mass. He was a congregational clergy
man of Boston, whose History of New
Hampshire ranks as the best among local
state histories, and is accurate as It Is
entertaining. His other works include
American Biographies; The Foresters;
and an American Tale. He died June 20,
1798, in Boston, Mass.
BELKNAP. WILLIAM WORTH, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, was born in 1831
in Hudson City, N. Y. He was elected to
the Iowa legislature in 1849. He was
present at the battles of Shiloh and Vlcks-
burg; was with General Sherman In his
great campaign; and was so rapidly pro
moted as to have command of a division
of the army as major-general. After the
war he was appointed a collector of In
ternal revenue, which position he held
until he entered President Grant's cabi
net, in 1869, as secretary of war. He
died Oct. 12, 1890, in Washington, D. C.
BELL, AGRIPPA NELSON, physician,
surgeon, journalist, was born Aug. 3,
1820, in Northampton county, Va. He
•entered the practice of medicine in Frank-
town, Va.; and in 1847 entered the naval
service as a surgeon. In 1873 he estab
lished The Sanitarian, of which he still
continues as editor and proprietor. He
is the author of Knowledge of Living
Things, and other works. In 1872 he
was one of the founders of the American
Public Health association.
BELL, ALEXANDER GRAHAM, pat
entee, was born March 3, 1847, in Edin
burgh, Scotland. With men of executive
ability to aid him, including Gardiner G.
Hubbard, his father-in-law, Prof. Bell or
ganized, in 1878, the American Bell Tele
phone company, to introduce telephone
service into general use throughout the
United States. Subordinate companies
came into existence in various sections
of the United States, and after protracted
litigation and contention with the West
ern Union Telegraph company, Prof. Bell
established his rights, and the telephone
has now become one of the most neces
sary, as it is one of the most useful, facil
ities for the transaction of every-day
business.
BELL, CHARLES H., naval officer, was
born Aug. IB, 1798, in New York. He
served In the war of 1812 as midshipman;
In 1862 was promoted to commander
In the civil war; and in 1866 attained the
rank of rear admiral. He died Feb. 19,
1875, In Brunswick, N. J.
BELL, CHARLES H., lawyer, legislator,
United States senator, governor, was born
Nov. 18, 1823, in Chester, N. H. He re
ceived a collegiate education, graduating
at Dartmouth college In 1844; and studied
and practiced law. He was solicitor for
Rockingham county from 1855 to 1865;
was a representative in the legislature in
1858, 1859, and 1860; and the last year as
speaker. He was a state senator in lou3
and 1864; president of the senate the last
year; and was again a member of the
state house of representatives in 1872 and
1873. He was appointed a United States
senator in 1879 to fill a vacancy. In 1880
he was elected governor of New Hamp
shire for the term of two years from
June, 1881. He is the author of ine
Bench and Bar of New Hampshire.
BELL, CHARLES K., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was i>orn
April 18, Ibo3, in Chattanooga, Tenn. He
removed to Texas In 1871, and was ad
mitted to the bar in 1874. He was elected
district attorney, state senator, and dis
trict judge, serving four years in each po
sition. He was a delegate to the demo
cratic national convention in 1884; and
was elected to the fifty-third and fifty-
fourth congresses as a democrat.
BELL, CLAKK, lawyer, journalist, au
thor, was born March 12, 1832, in Rod
man, N. Y. He was the originator and
president of the Saturday Night club. In
1883 he founded the Medico-Legal Jour
nal, and is still its editor.
BELL, EDWARD A., artist, was born
Dec. 18, 1861, in New York city. In 1881
he went to Europe, where he studied at
Munich for two years. He painted uis
first picture, Their First Sorrow, two
years later.
BELL, FRANK FREDERICK, banker,
was born May 26, 1865, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He became the first treasurer of the
city of Philadelphia under the new char
ter. He engaged in large real estate op
erations; and is the senior member of
the banking firm of Bell, Houghes and
company.
BELL, GEORGE, soldier, was born
about 1832 in Maryland. He was grad
uated at West Point in 1853. During the
civil war he served as assistant in the
organization of the subsistence depart
ment for the Manassas campaign; as
principal assistant commissary to the
Army of the Potomac, and in charge of
subsistence depots, and as chief of com
missariat of the departments of Wash
ington and the Potomac. On April 9,
1865, he was brevetted brigadier-general
for services during the war.
BELL, HENRY HAY WOOD, naval
officer, was born about 1808 in North Car
olina. Early in the civil war he was ap
pointed fleet captain of the Western Gulf
squadron. In July, 1866, he was promot
ed to be rear-admiral; and in 1867 he was
retired. He died Jan. 11, 1868, in Japan.
BELL, HIRAM, congressman, was born
in Vermont. He was a representative in
congress from Ohio from 1852 to 1853.
BELL, HIRAM P., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Jan. 1, 182i,
in Jackson, Ga. He graduated from the
Academy of Cumming, Ga., where he has
attained a reputation as one of the lead
ing lawyers of the south. In 1861 he was
a delegate to the secession convention;
was a state senator the same year, and
resigned to enter the confederate army
in 1862. He raised a company, of which
he was elected captain. He was danger
ously wounded at Chickasaw bayou; and
attained the rank of colonel. He was a
representative from Georgia in the sec
ond confederate congress in 1864-65; and
was elected a representative from his
state to the forty-third and forty-fifth
congresses of the United States as a dem
ocrat. He has been a trustee of four col
leges, and also of the Methodist Orphans'
home; and has taken an active part in the
public affairs of his city, county and
state.
BELL, ISAAC, JR., merchant, banker,
public official, was born Nov. 16, 1846, in
New York city, N. Y. He was educated
at private schools, and at Harvard col
lege, Cambridge, Mass., where he re
mained two years. After leaving Har
vard he went abroad to complete his edu
cation and to travel. From 1870 to 18 1 a
he was engaged in mercantile business
and in banking in New York city; and in
the latter year retired from business and
went abroad. He returned to the United
States in 1880 and settled at Newport,
R. I. In 1885 he received the vote of his
party in the state legislature for United
States senator, but was not elected. In
1885 he was appointed United States min
ister at The Hague, Netherlands.
BELL, JAMES, lawyer, United States
senator, was born Nov. 13, 1804, in Fran-
cestown, N. H. He began to practice at
Gilmanton, N. H.;
in 1831 he removed
to Exeter, N. H.;
and in 1846 repre
sented that town in
the legislature. In
that same year he
removed to Gilford,
where he took
charge of the enter
prise of damming
the outlets of Lake
Winnipiseogee and
other lakes, so that
the large mills on the Merrimac might
not suffer from a diminished water sup
ply during the dry season. By prudent
management he gained over those prop
erty-owners whose interests seemed to be
threatened, and the scheme was success
ful. He was a member of the state con
stitutional convention in 1850, and in 1854
and 1855 the unsuccessful whig candidate
for governor. In 1855 he was elected to
the United States senate, where he served
until his death. He died May 26, 1857,
in Laconia, N. H.
BELL, JAMES DANA, lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Aug. 30, 1840, In
Exeter, N. H. He graduated from the
Phillips Exeter academy, and the Harvard
Law school, and has attained eminence
as a successful lawyer and jurist, rie
was a member of the constitutional con
vention of South Carolina; and nas
served as a judge of the probate court.
He has always taken great interest in
religious matters, and was commissioner
to the general assembly of the presbyte-
rian church of the United States.
BELL, JAMES M., congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1833 to
1835.
BELL, JOHN, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Ohio
from 1850 to 1851.
BELL, JOHN, merchant, governor, was
born in 1766 in Londonderry, N. H. He
was for many years a merchant in Ches
ter, N. H.; councilor of the state; and
sheriff of Rockingham county from 1823
to 1828; and was governor of New Hamp
shire from 1829 to 1830. He died March
22, 1836, in Chester, N. H.
BELL, JOHN I., physician, lecturer, au
thor, was born in 1796, in Ireland. He
was a physician and medical lecturer,
among whose writings are Health and
Beauty; and Regimen and Longevity. He
died in 1872.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
101
BELL, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
United States senator, was born Feb. 15,
1797, in Nashville, Tenn. In 1817 he was
elected to the state
senate; declined a
re-election, and de
voted the next ten
years of his life
wholly to his pro
fession. In 1827 he
was elected a repre
sentative in con
gress, and continued
to be re-elected until
1841, officiating dur
ing one term as
speaker. In 1841 he
accepted a seat in President Harrison's
cabinet as secretary of war, which post
he resigned in five months after the ac
cession of President Tyler. In 1847 he
accepted a seat in the house of represent
atives of Tennessee, but before the close
of the year was elected to the United
States senate; and was re-elected in 1852,
serving from time to time as chairman
of important committees until the close
of the thirty-fifth congress. In 1860 he
received from the Union party the nomi
nation for president of the United States,
but was defeated. He died Sept. 10, 1869,
in Nashville, Tenn.
BELL, JOHN C., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 11, 1851, in
Grundy county, Tenn. He attended the
public schools of his native county. In
1888 he was elected judge of the seventh
judicial district of Colorado for a period
of six years: He was elected to the fifty-
third, fifty-fourth, and fifty-fifth con
gresses.
BELL, JOSHUA F., lawyer, orator, con
gressman, was born in Kentucky. He
was elected a representative in congress
from that state from 1845 to 1847, a'nd
declined a re-election. He was a lawyer,
and distinguished in the west as an ora
tor; and was a member of the peace con
vention of 1861. He died Aug. 17, 1870, in
Kentucky.
BELL, LILIAN, journalist, author, was
born in 1867 in Kentucky. She graduated
from the Dearborn seminary of Chicago,
111.; and has attained success as a jour
nalist. She is the author of The Love
Affairs of an Old Maid; A Little Sister
to the Wilderness; The Under Tide of
Things; From a Girl's Standpoint; In
stinct of Stepfatherhood; and other
stories.
BELL, LUTHER VOSE, physician, sur
geon, legislator, author, was born Dec.
20, 1806, in Chester, N. H. He was the
fourth son of Gov.
Bell, of New Hamp
shire, a noted lawyer
and congressman.
In 1823 he graduated
from Bowdoin col
lege; studied medi
cine, and attained
success in that pro
fession. He was
elected a member of
the New Hampshire
state legislature;
and was appointed
one of the special committee for making
some provision for the insane. He was
the author of numerous dissertations on
medical subjects; and to him belongs the
honor of having first brought the notice
of the medical profession to a new form
of disease, which has since been desig
nated as Bell's disease, peculiar to the
insane. He died Feb. 11, 1862, near Budd's
Ferry. Md.
BELL, M. E., architect, was born Oct.
20, 1847, in Chester, N. H. He conceived
the idea of becoming an architect, and
studied for the profession; apprenticed
himself to an able French architect of St.
Louis, Mo., and was engaged with him
in the construction of the capitol build
ings at Springfield, 111., and Des Moines,
Iowa, from 1870 to 1876. In the latter
year his employer died, and Mr. Bell took
charge of the work himself. While en
gaged upon the Iowa capitol he was ten
dered, and accepted, the position of super
vising architect of the United States
treasury.
BELL, PETER H., jurist, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was governor
of Texas from 1849 to 1853; was a repre
sentative in congress from Texas from
1853 to 1857; and subsequently became
judge of the supreme court of that state.
BELL, ROBERT C., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, was born July 13, 1844, in
Clarksburg, Ind. He received his educa
tion at the univer
sity of Michigan, and
graduated therefrom
in 1868. During the
civil war he served
gallantly as a sol
dier in the Union
army, first In the
eighth regiment, In
diana volunteer in
fantry, and then in
the one hundred and
twenty-fourth regi
ment; and he was
subsequently assigned to detached duty
at Nashville, Tenn., where he remained
until the close of the war. After the
war he opened a law office in Muncie,
Ind.; and in 1871 moved to Fort Wayne,
where he has attained a reputation as
one of the foremost lawyers of Indiana.
He has served in many high positions
of public trust and responsibility; and in
1874 was elected to the state senate of
the Indiana state legislature; received
the re-election in 1888, and was chairman
of the judiciary committee.
BELL, SAMUEL, lawyer, legislator.
United States senator, governor, was born
Feb. 9, 1770, in Londonderry, N. H. He
graduated at Dartmouth in 1793; studied
law. and was admitted to practice in 1796.
He was a member of the legislature from
1804 to 1808, occupying the position of
speaker. In 1807 and 1808 he was a mem
ber of the senate; and in 1809 a member
of the executive council. From 1816 to
1819 he was judge of the superior court
of the state; and in 1819 was chosen gov
ernor, serving until 1823. From 1823 to
1835 he was United States senator. He
died Dec. 23, 1850, in Chester, N. H.
BELL, SAMUEL DANA, lawyer, jurist,
was born Oct. 9, 1798, in Francestown,
N. H. He was a justice of the superior
court; in 1855 justice of the supreme
court; and from 1859-64 served as chief
justice. He died July 31, 1868, in Ches
ter, N. H.
BELL, SAMUEL NEWELL, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 25, 1829,
in Chester, N. H. He graduated at Dart
mouth college in 1847; studied law, and
practiced at Manchester. He was elected
to the forty-second congress; and was
subsequently appointed chief justice of
the supreme court of New Hampshire.
He was also elected to the forty-fourth
congress. He died Feb. 8, 1889, in Man
chester, N. H.
BELL, THEODORE S., physician, was
born in 1807 in Kentucky. He was ap
pointed professor of medicine and hygiene
in the university of Louisville, and editor
of the Louisville Medical Journal, posi
tions which placed him in the front rank
of his profession. He died Dec. 28, 1884,
in Louisville, Ky.
BELL, WILLIAM, lawyer, state legis
lator, was born in 1828, in Utica, Ohio.
In 1871 he was elected a member of the
Ohio house of representatives, receiving
the re-election in 1873, and again in 1881.
He has been mayor of Newark, Ohio,
and filled various other positions of
honor
BELL, WILLIAM ALLEN, educator,
editor, was born Jan. 30, 1833, in Clinton
county, Ind. He attended Antloch col
lege, Ohio, while Horace Mann was pres
ident. He became principal of the In
dianapolis High school, president of the
Indiana State Teachers' association, and
for more than twenty-five years editor
and publisher of the Indiana School Jour
nal, and is still doing this work. He is
one of the oldest educational editors in
the United States.
BELL, WILLIAM A., capitalist, was
born in 1841 in Ireland. In 1870 he set
tled in Colorado, and was associated with
Gen. William J. Palmer in the building of
the Denver anu Rio Grande railroad, and
had a share in the management after
ward, being vice-president for several
years.
BELLAMY, ALFRED D., physician,
manufacturer, was born July 15, 1847, in
Watkins, N. Y. For many years he suc
cessfully practiced medicine, but was
compelled to change his occupation on
account of deafness. In 1882 he estab
lished the Florence Wagon company, one
of the first wholesale manufacturers of
farm wagons in the southern states, and
of which he is still president.
BELLAMY, CHARLES JOSEPH, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1852 in Massa
chusetts. He is a journalist of Spring
field, Mass., and the author of The Bre
ton Mills, a Novel; Everybody's Lawyer;
The Way Out; and Suggestions for So
cial Reform.
BELLAMY, EDWARD, reformer, au
thor, was born March 26, 1850, in Chico-
pee Falls, Mass. He is a socialist reform
er whose Utopian theories embodied in
the tale Looking Backward, 2000-1887,
have been very widely read, and have re
sulted in the formation of several socie
ties and communities that endeavor to
put some of them in practice. His other
works include Six to One, a Nantucket
Idyl; Dr. Heidenhoff's Process, a Novel;
and Miss Ludington's Sister, a Romance
of Immortality. He died in 1898.
BELLAMY, MRS. ELIZABETH WHIT-
FIELD, author, was born April 17, 1839,
in Quincy, Fla. She is a novelist of Mo
bile, and the author of Four Oaks; Lit
tle Joanna; Penny Lancaster Farmer;
Old Man Gilbert; and The Luck of the
Pendenninus.
BELLAMY, JOHN D., lawyer, state leg
islator, author, was born March 24, 1854,
in Wilmington, N. C. He graduated from
the Davidson college, and from the uni
versity of Virginia. He has been state
senator and city attorney; is the author
of several books; and a contributor to va
rious newspapers and periodicals.
BELLAMY, JOSEPH, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1719, in Cheshire, Conn.
He founded a divinity school in his par
ish, and trained many men there who
were afterwards famous among New
England ministers. He is the author of
True Religion Delineated; The Law Our
Schoolmaster; The Half-Way Covenant;
and The Nature and Glory of the Gospel.
He died March 6, 1790, in Bethlehem,
Conn.
102
HKRRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BELLAMY, ORLANDO ROLLIN, edu
cator, poet, was born Aug. 10, 1856, in
Vevay, Ind. He attended the DePauw
university of Greencastle, and while there
wrote an essay in poetry. As a student
he won the honors of his class, and re
ceived a gold medal as a prize in mathe
matics. He is the author of a volume of
poems entitled Songs by the Wayside.
BELLAMY, WILLIAM, author, was
born in 1846 in Massachusetts. He is a
Boston writer who has published a vol
ume of poems entitled A Century of Cha
rades; and A Second Century of Charades.
BELLAS, HENRY HOBART, soldier,
author, was born June 30, 1846, in Ebens-
burg, Pa. He graduated from the univer
sity of Cambridge. From 1873-80 he was
an officer of the United States army,
when he was placed on the retired list
as captain of cavalry. He is the author
of various genealogical and historical
publications.
BELLINGER, JOSEPH, congressman.
He was a presidential elector in 1809;
and a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1817 to 1819.
BELLINGHAM, RICHARD, colonial
governor, was born in 1592 in England.
He settled in Boston, and in 1641 was
elected governor; was re-elected in 1654.
and again in 1665. He was chief magis
trate of Massachusetts for the remainder
of his life, being deputy governor thirteen
years and governor ten. He died Dec. 7,
1672.
BELLOWS, ALBERT F., painter, was
born Nov. 29, 1829, in Milford, Mass. His
early works, mostly genre pictures in oil,
include The First Pair of Boots; The
Sorrows of Boyhood; and The Lost
Child. Among his later water-colors are
The Notch at Lancaster; Afternoon in
Surrey; The Thames at Windsor; The
Reaper's Child; and New England Home
stead. He died Nov. 24, 1883, in Auburn-
dale, Mass.
BELLOWS, BENJAMIN, soldier, legis
lator, was born Oct. 6, 1740, in Walpole,
N. H. He was a member of the colonial
and afterward of the state legislature;
and was appointed a delegate to the con
tinental congress in 1781, but his busi
ness forced him to decline. He was a
member of the state convention that rati
fied the federal constitution in 1788. He
presided over the New Hampshire elec
toral college that voted for Washington
in 1788, and was a member of the one that
voted for John Adams in 1796. He was
active in the colonial and state militia,
rising from the rank of corporal to that
of brigadier-general, and served during
the revolutionary war as a colonel. He
died June, 1802, in Walpole, Mass.
BELLOWS, HENRY ADAMS, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 25, 1803, in Walpole.
Mass. In 1826 he was admitted to the bar,
and in 1828 opened an office in Littleton.
N. H. He was appointed associate judge
of the supreme court In 1859. and after ten
years of service in that capacity became
chief justice on the death of Judge Per-
ley. He died March 11, 1873, in Concord,
N. H.
BELLOWS, HENRY WHITNEY, cler
gyman, author, was born June 11, 1814,
In Boston, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of prominence in New York
city, well known at one time as the pres
ident of the United States sanitary com
mission. He was the author of Restate
ments of Christian Doctrine; Sermons;
Relation of Public Amusements to Public
Morality; and The Old World in Its New
Face. He died Jan. 30, 1882, in New York
BELMONT, AUGUST, diplomat, was
born in Germany. In 1853 he was ap
pointed by President Pierce charge d'af
faires to The Hague, and afterward be
came minister resident, resigning in 1858.
In the latter capacity he negotiated a
highly important consular convention,
for which and other diplomatic services
he received special thanks from Wash
ington. He was a leading delegate to the
democratic convention of 1860; and from
that year until 1872 was chairman of the
national democratic committee, when he
resigned.
BELMONT, AUGUST, banker, was
born Feb. 18, 1853, in New York city. He
is now at the head of August Belmont
and Co., the American representatives of
the Rothschild bank abroad. The family
make their country home at Hempstead,
on Long Island.
BELMONT, PERRY, lawyer, congress
man, was born Dec. 27, 1851, in New York
city. He graduated at Harvard college
in 1872; and was admitted to the bar in
1876. He was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, and forty-ninth congresses
as a democrat.
BELO, ALFRED H., journalist, was
born May 27, 1839, in Salem, N. C. In
1865 he became connected with the Gal-
veston News; and in 1885 published the
Dallas News, which has achieved a great
and rapid success.
BELROSE, LOUIS, author, was born
in 1845 in Pennsylvania. He was a writer
whose only published work of note is
Thorns and Flowers, a volume of poems.
He died in 1896.
BELSER, JAMES E., congressman,
was born in South Carolina. He was a
representative in congress from Alabama
from 1843 to 1845. He died Jan. 6, 1859,
in Montgomery, Ala.
BELTZHOOVER, FRANK ECKELS,
lawyer, congressman, was born Nov. 6,
1841, in Cumberland county. Pa. In 1858
he entered Pennsyl
vania college, at
Gettysburg, where
he graduated in 1862.
He was admitted to
the bar in 1864, and
has practiced since.
In 1868 and 1873 he
was chairman of the
democratic executive
committee of the
county; and in 1874
was elected district
attorney, and served
for three years. In 1878 he was elected
to the forty-sixth congress, forty-seventh
in 1880, and also to the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
BEMAN, NATHANIEL SYDNEY
SMITH, clergyman, was born Nov. 26,
1785, in New Lebanon, N. Y. He became
pastor of the presbyterian church in Troy,
N. Y., in 1822, and continued as such for
upward of forty years. He was actively
interested in the temperance, moral re
form, revival, and anti-slavery move
ments of his time. Besides sermons, es
says, and addresses, which have been
separately published, he was the author
of a volume entitled Four Sermons on the
Atonement. He was also one of the com
pilers of the hymn-book adopted by the
new-school branch of the presbyterian
church. He died Aug. 8, 1871, in Carbon-
dale, 111.
BEMENT, GEORGE WILLIAM, mer
chant, was born March 4, 1824, in Stock-
bridge, Mass. In 1843 he located in Terre
Haute, and by more than fifty years of
unremitting application and prudent hus
banding of means has accumulated large
wealth in the wholesale grocery business.
BEMENT, WILLIAM BARNES, manu
facturer, inventor, was born May 10, 1817,
in Bradford, N. H. He went to Philadel
phia and devoted
himself there to the
invention and manu
facture of machine
tools and machinery.
The Industrial
Works, as they were
called, grew in time
both in size and
prestige to equal the
best of their class in
America, and they
are said to stand
second only to the
Whitworth shops in England.
BEMIS, ARTHUR L., educator, jour
nalist, legislator, was born March 20,
1858, in Elyria, Ohio. For many years
he was professor of chemistry, general
history, and penmanship in the Ionia
schools, Mich. Since 1890 he has been
the editor and owner of the Carson City
Gazette; and in 1897-98 was a member of
the Michigan state legislature.
BEMIS, EDWARD WEBSTER, educat
or, author, was born in 1860 in Massa
chusetts. He is a professor of economics
in the University of Chicago; and the au
thor of History of Co-operation in the
United States; and Municipal Ownership
of Gas in the United States.
BEMIS, GEORGE PICKERING, jour
nalist, business man, was born March 15,
1838, in Boston, Mass. He is a descend
ant of Timothy Pickering, of revolution
ary fame. ' In 1861 he enlisted in the sec
ond battalion of Massachusetts light in
fantry, serving about seven months, after
which he joined George Francis Train in
London, where that gentleman was Intro
ducing street railways; and for over
twenty years he was his private secretary.
He also became general manager and
editor of the London American, the only
American newspaper in Europe during
the civil war. In 1892 he became mayor
of Omaha, Neb., and received the re-elec
tion three successive times. During his
entire term he defended the interests of
the taxpayers, and saved them millions
of dollars.
BEMISS, SAMUEL MERRIFIELD, phy
sician, surgeon, author, was born Oct. 15,
1821, in Nelson county, Ky. From 1862
till 1865 he was a surgeon in the confed
erate army. After the war he settled In
New Orleans, and in 1866 he became pro
fessor of the theory and practice of medi
cine in the university of Louisiana. He
is the editor of the New Orleans Medical
and Surgical Journal.
BENDER, JOHN S., civil engineer, law
yer, was born Jan. 26, 1827, near Carlisle,
Pa. He was a miller by trade until 1852;
a land surveyor and
civil engineer from
choice until 1856;
and since that time
has been engaged in
the practice of law.
Since 1854 he has
taken great interest
in politics; was con
tingent elector for
Douglas; supported
Lincoln during the
war of 1861; and in
1878 joined the inde
pendent movement for reform; was elec
tor at large in Indiana for Butler; and he
has held many other prominent offices in
his county and state for the furtherance
of the movement. He is the author ol
A Hoosier's Experience in Europe;
Money: Its Definition; and other works.
BhvEiHaER' J°SEPH ELMER- educator
ynyhician, nurseryman, was born Sent 17
1 Or<> J__ -r-rj- , ""•""WlilOtJUL. J. I ,
!»»<:, in Westmoreland county Pa HO
co?±edThiS edUCation at "£ . bskaloo^a
nege, lowa; and during 1879-81 attended
the Allopathic Medical department at
the Iowa State university. Hetaueht
school until 1883, and since that time ha<
been secretary of the Independent ™chool
district of Oakland, Iowa. He abandonee
whei^raf"rh°fhmedicine in 3KH
"ie he has been engaged in fruit
BENDER, PROSPER, physician, au
thor was born in 1844 in Quebec, Canada.
ISRS I a Canadlan Physician, and since
883 has practiced his profession in Bos
ton. He is the author of Old and New
Canada; Literary Sheaves, or La UtteVa
ture au Canada-Prancais.
BENDIRE, CHARLES E., soldier edu
cator, author, was born in 1836 in Georgia
He was an ornithologist of note; honora
ry curator of the department of oology
in the United States National museum-
m$J* Wn and brevet major in the
United States army. He was the author
Rirrt v H'ftorles Of North American
Birds. He died in 1897.
BENDIX JOHN E., soldier, business
££?' i"*8 i°riVAug- 28' 1818' He Partic
ipated in the battles of Antietam Fred-
ericksburg, and the Wijderness, besides
the engagements of the intervening cam
paigns. He was promoted brigadier-gen-
judge for the eastern district of New
and m 1881 was tendered the ap-
SSfSS&fStS Yo^stat? the
tho3™^; 0DcATi7c79erfymNan' r
Conn. He was°f bapt£ cl rgy^of
Pawtucket; and the author of ™ry of
CTftv Bapt'sts: History of All Religions;
'ifty Years Among the Baptists; Coml
K
103
BENEDICT, KIRBY, jurist, was born
in Connecticut. In 1853 he was appoint
ed an associate justice of the United
or the territory of
BENECKE, LOUIS, lawyer, legislator,
was born May 1, 1843, in Brunswick Ger
many. He received his education in the
common schools in
Blankenburg college,
Germany, and in the
high schools of
! Brunswick, Mo. He
i served during the
civil war in the
forty-ninth regiment
of the Missouri vol
unteers, and was
captain of company
I- For fourteen
years he was mayor
of Brunswick; Mo, &
t'haTci'tv1 °Vhe board ucaono
tinn , I' ,"d a director of the First Na
tional bank of Brunswick. For four
years he served as a member of the Mis-
sour, state senate. He stands high in
is grand ***** °"
H°nor; Judge-advocate,
r of th n*' d dePartment command
er of the G. A. R. of Missouri.
BENEDICT, ASA G., educator was
born Aug 11, 1848, in Lysander N T
RLW0aS^ri^CipaI Of the Free academy of
Rome, N. Y.; and was for three years
president of the Y. M. C. A. In 1880 he
thmV° ?Unton' N' Y" as Principal *
the Houghton seminary, which he h*8
since managed with ability and success
BENEDICT, CHARLES B., lawyer
ffiT8!?1^' W^S born Feb' 7- 1828' in
uca, IM. Y. He received an academic
practice0^ S** }™'' WaS «**£SK
practice in 1856; engaged in the banking
Attica in 186°. ^d continued
member °f the demo-
•
°'
i,1r^NE1?ICT' CHARLES L., lawyer,
e practiced the profession of the
iWth1»nwBr0°v'yn; Was a representative
'"the New York legislature in 1863- in
865 was appointed United States district
.CT, ERASTUS CORNELIUS
t, author, was born March 19 1800,
m Branford, Conn. He was a jurist of
New York city; and the author of The
Am< ican Admiralty, Its Jurisdiction and
York 'cHy. "^ °Ct 22> 188°' in New
BENEDICT, FRANK LEE, author
poet, was born in 1834 in New York city'
She is the author of Miss .Van Kortland;'
John Worthington's Na^ej^Miss6 Doro
thy s Charge; St. Simon's Niece- 'Twixt
Hammer and Anvil; Her Friend Lau
rence; A Late Remorse; Madame; and
The Shadow-Worshipper and Other
BENEDICT, GEORGE GRENVILLE
inllr,noollst' state senator, was born Dec'
>, 1826 m Burlington, Vt. He attended
i academy at Burlington; and grad-
UJ^d ™°m the university of Vermont in
847. During the civil war he was lieu
tenant in the twelfth regiment, Vermont
volunteers; and aid-de-camp on the staff
of the second Vermont brigade. He has
been president of the Vermont and Bos
ton Telegraph company; a member of
the Vermont state senate; secretary of
the university of Vermont; president of
the State Historical society; president of
the Vermont Press association; and pres
ident of the Vermont society of Sons of
the American Revolution. He has been
the state military historian; collector of
customs for Vermont; and for forty years
editor of the Burlington Free Press.
BENEDICT, GEORGE WYLLYS edu
cator, journalist, was born Jan. 11, 1795
in North Stamford, Conn. He was pro
fessor at the university of Vermont from
1825 till 1847. He became associated with
Ezra Cornell in the construction of the
Troy and Canada junction telegraph line
becoming the first superintendent of that
company. He subsequently engaged in
dependently in telegraph building and
contracted for the erection of several
lines. He purchased the Burlington Free
Press in 1853, and remained its editor and
publisher until 1866. During 1854 and
1855 he was a member of the Vermont
senate, serving as chairman of the com
mittee on education. He died Sent 23
1871, in Burlington, Vt.
BENEDICT, HENRY HARPER, manu
facturer, was born in 1801. In 1882, hav
ing been admitted to membership in the
firm of Wyckoff,
Seamans and Bene
dict, he removed to
New York city to
engage in the sale
of Remington type
writers. In 1886 the
firm purchased the
entire typewriter
Plant of the Rem
ingtons, including
all rights and fran
chises, and have
manufacture as well as thTwde of t
machine, attaining a remarkable success!
BENEDICT, LE GRAND, soldier was
born April 10, 1802, in Troy, N Y He
enlisted in the second New York volun
teers and in 1826 was made assistant ad
jutant-general of the United States vol
unteers, with the rank of captain by
appointment of President Lincoln.
BENEDICT, LEWIS, soldier lawyer
was born Sept. 2, 1817, in Albany N Y'
TSrS ^ Was city attomey at Albany;'
nnHi i«]9Udge advocate; and from 1848
until 1852 surrogate of Albany In 1860
he was elected a member of the state as
sembly, but entered the military service
for the civil war. He died April 9 1864
m Pleasant Hill, La.
BENEFIELD, ROBERT K. W., journal
ist, planter, was born Dec. 28, 1835 in
Louisville, Ky. He attended the Avers
university, of Albany, Ind.; and was |
graduate of the American Health college
of Cincinnati, Ohio. He served as a pri!
vate soldier in the confederate army. He
nd r* tt°r a°.d °wner of *he Southland
and Gazette, of Maurepas, La He has
been a justice of the peace, a memuer of
the school board, and has held various
- public offices in his county and
BENEZET ANTHONY, philanthropist,
author, was born Jan. 31, 1713, in France
i was a Quaker philanthropist of Phil
adelphia, whose tracts on slavery first
aroused the attention of Clarkson and
Wnoerforce to the subject. He died May
*, Ksi, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BENHAM, ALEXANDER K K. naval
officer, was born in 1832 in New York
He entered the United States navy dur
ing the civil war; was raised to the rank
°f commander in 186?; became captain in
1878; commodore in 1889; and acting
rear-admiral in 1890. In 1891 he was
made commander of the East Indian
squadron. He retired in 1894.
BENHAM, DE WITT MILES, clergy
man, was born Sept. 8, 1862, in Marysville
Cal In 1889 he received a call to the
Presbyterian church of Pittsburs Pa
but resigned this charge in 1893 and be
gan new work in the east end of the
*i.Cy' mThe result was the organization of
1894 abernacle Presbyterian church in
BENHAM, HENRY W., engineer in
ventor, was born in 1817, in Connecticut
He invented the picket shovel used by
troops in the field, and was an expert in
pontoon bridges, in the management of
which he devised important improve
ments. He died June 1, 1884, in New
York city.
BENHAM, ROBERT T., soldier, jurist
was born about 1745 in Virginia He
erved in the civil war and attained the
rank of captain. At the close of the
war he settled in Campbell county Ky
where in 1794 he was one of the first
judges of the county court.
BENJAMIN, ALBERT ELLIS, journal-
He' ^ orn.-?ct V872- near Barry- 1"-
is the editor and owner of the Che-
hahs County Tribune of Hoquiam, Wash •
and has contributed extensively to peril
odical literature.
BENJAMIN, DOWLING, physician, au
thor, was born Jan. 23, 1849, in Baltimore,
Md_ in 1877 he began the practice of
medicine in Camden, N. J., where he has
; up a general practice. He is the
uthor of Contagion, Typhoid in Water;
and Treatment of Fractures
104
HERRIN'GSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BENJAMIN, JOHN FORBES, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 23,
1817, in Cicero, N. Y. He was a member
of the state legislature of Missouri in
1850 and 1852; was presidential elector
in 1856; and enlisted in the union cav
alry service as a private in 1861, and was
subsequently captain, major, lieutenant-
colonel, and brigadier-general. He was
provost marshal of the eighth district
of Missouri in 1863 and 1864; was dele
gate at large from Missouri to the Balti
more convention in 1864; and was elect
ed to the thirty-ninth, fortieth, and forty-
first congresses. He died March 8, 1877,
in Washington, D. C.
BENJAMIN, JUDAH PHILIP, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 11, 1811, in St.
Croix, W. I. He was a prominent New
Orleans lawyer who became attorney-
general of the confederacy during the
civil war. At its close he went to Eng
land, and speedily became eminent in his
profession there. His Treatise on the
Law of Sale of Personal Property is the
standard work on the subject. He died
May 8, 1884, in Paris, France.
BENJAMIN, MARCUS, editor, author,
was born Jan. 17, 1857, in San Francisco,
Cal. In 1867 he moved with his parents
to New York city, and in 1878 graduated
In the chemical course of the school of
mines of Columbia college. In 1882 he
became editor of the American Pharma
cist, and subsequently was on the editori
al staff on the Engineering and Mining
Journal. He has been on the editorial
staff of Appleton's Cyclopedia of Ameri
can Biography; Appleton's Annual Cy
clopedia; Johnson's Universal Cyclo
pedia; Standard Dictionary; and various
other works. He is now connected with
the United States national museum of
Washington, D. C.
BENJAMIN, NATHAN, missionary, re
former, was born Dec. 14, 1811, in Catskill.
N. Y. In 1835 he was appointed as mis
sionary to Greece and Turkey by the
American board, and went to Argos In
1836. He translated numerous works into
Greek and Armenian, including Pilgrim's
Progress and D'Aubigny's Reformation,
and also established the first newspaper
ever published in the Armenian tongue,
The Morning Star, which is still issued
He died Jan. 27, 1855, in Constantinople,
Turkey.
BENJAMIN, PARK, journalist, poet,
was born Aug. 13, 1809, in British Guinea.
He was a journalist and poet of New York
city. The Old Sex
ton Is the best re
membered example.
His poems were
chiefly lyrical, and
attracted world wide
attention; appeared
jM ; in the leading news-
i papers and maga-
• k I zlnes of America;
and subsequently
were published in
book form. His
son, Park Benjamin,
is a noted lawyer of New York city; and
the author of a number of meritorious
works. He died Sept. 12, 1864, in New
York city.
BENJAMIN, PARK, lawyer, author,
was born May 11, 1849, in New York city.
He is a New York lawyer wnose specialty
is patent law; and is the author of Shak
ings: Etchings for the Naval Academy;
Wrinkles and Receipts: Suggestions for
the Mechanic, Engineer, etc.; The Age
of Electricity; The Intellectual Rise in
Electricity; and a History.
BENJAMIN, SAMUEL GREEN
WHEELER, diplomatist, author, was
born Feb. 13, 1837, in Argos, Greece. He
is a contributor to the field of general
literature; and at one period minister to
Persia. He ia the author of Art in Amer
ica; Contemporary Art in Europe; 'iue
Atlantic Islands; Troy: its Legend, Liter
ature, and Topography; A Group of Etch
ers; Persia and the Persians; The Story
of Persia; The Cruise of the Alice May
in the Gulf of St. Lawrence; and Sea
Spray, or Facts and Fancies of a Yachts
man.
BENJAMIN, SAMUEL NICOLL, sol
dier, educator, was born Jan. 13, 1839, in
New York city. He was brevetted lieuten
ant-colonel in 1865, and major in 1875.
On recovery from his wounds he became
assistant professor of mathematics at the
United States military academy. Col.
Benjamin was one of the very few officers
that held the congressional medal for con
spicuous bravery in the field. He died
May 15, 1886, on Governor's Island, N. Y.
BENJAMIN, WALTER ROMEYN, anti
quarian, journalist, was born Sept. 24,
1854, in Guilford, Conn. In 1874 he gradu
ated from the Union college; then studied
law three years; and for eleven years
was connected with the New York Sun.
He originated the special business of
dealing in authograph letters and histori
cal documents; and rescued from oblivion
many valuable historical papers. In 1887
he established The Collector, which he
still edits, and in 1897 he was historian of
the Sons of the American Revolution.
BENNER, GEORGE JACOB, educator,
lawyer, congressman, was born April 13,
X859, in Gettysburg, Pa. He was educated
at Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg,
graduating in the class of 1878. After
several years devoted to teaching he was
admitted a member of the Adams county
bar Dec. 31, 1881, since which date he has
followed the practice of the law. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
BENNER, PHILIP, soldier, Iron manu
facturer, journalist, was born May 19,
1762, in Chester county, Pa. He served in
the revolutionary war. In 1794 he erect
ed a forge, the first in that vicinity, and
manufactured iron during the year. The
development of the iron industry in the
western part of Pennsylvania Is largely
due to his enterprise. He was twice a
presidential elector, notably on the Jack-
son-Calhoun ticket of 1824. In 1827 he
established the Centre Democrat at Belle-
fonte, in the interest of Gen. Jackson. He
was major-general of the Pennsylvania
militia, and left a valuable estate. He
died July 27, 1832, in Centre county, Pa.
BENNET, BENJAMIN, clergyman, con
gressman, was born in 1762. He was a
baptist minister; and a representative in
congress from New Jersey from 1815 to
3819. He died Oct. 8, 1840, in Middletown,
N. J.
BENNET, ORLANDO, wrecker, was
born Oct. 4, 1818, in Ithaca, N. Y. During
the civil war he was employed by the
United States government to clear the
harbors of Charleston and Savannah from
monitors, torpedoes, and other obstruc
tions. By this means a sea-way was
opened to supply Gen. William T. Sher
man's army after ita march to the sea.
He died July 10, 1880, in Bellport, N. Y.
BENNET, THOMAS, governor, was
born in South Carolina. He was governer
of that state from 1820 to 1822.
BENNETT, MRS. ADELINE G., poet,
was born Nov. 8, 1848, in Warner, N. H.
She is a writer of Pipestone City, Minn.
BENNETT, ALFRED SILAS, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born June 10, 1854,
in Dubuque, Iowa. He was school super
intendent for Waco county, Oregon; in
1882 was elected a member of the Oregon
state legislature; and was circuit judge
in 1882-84. In 1892 he was a democratic
candidate for supreme judge of Oregon,
and a candidate for congress in 1896 from
the second district.
BENNETT, CALEB P., soldier, govern
or. He was a major In the Delaware
regiment of the revolutionary army, and
was engaged at the battles of Brandywine,
Germantown, and Monmouth. He was
governor of Delaware from 1833 until
his death. He died May 7, 1836, In Wil
mington, Del.
BENNETT, CASSIUS C., banker, state
senator, was born Feb. 4, 1856, in Wash
ington county, Vt. In 1879 he engaged in
business in Portland, Ore.; and in 1883
settled in Pierre, S. D. He was elected
president of the Pierre savings bank in
1887; and in 1888 was also made presi
dent of the First National bank of that
city. During 1894-96 he served with dis
tinction as a member of the South Dakota
slate senate.
BENNETT, CHARLES GOODWIN, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 11, 1863,
in Brooklyn, N. Y. He is a member of the
law firm of Daniels & Bennett, of New-
York city; was the unsuccessful repub
lican candidate for member of the fifty-
third congress; and was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as
a republican.
BENNETT, CHARLES WESLEY, cler
gyman, author, was born July 18, 1828, in
East Bethany, N. Y. He was a methodist
clergyman prominent in educational mat
ters; and was the author of National
Education in Italy, France, Germany,
England, and Wales, Popularly Consid
ered; and Christian Art and Archaeology
of the First Six Centuries. He died in
1S91.
BENNETT, DAVID S., congressman,
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-first congress.
BENNETT, DE ROBIQUE MORTIMER,
author, was born Dec. 23, 1818, in Spring
field, N. Y. He was a noted freethinker
who was several times arrested and im
prisoned on account of his extreme views.
He was the author of the World's Reform
ers; Champions of the Church; From Be
hind the Bars; An Infidel Abroad; and
A Truth Seeker Around the World. He
died Dec. 6, 1882, in New York city.
BENNETT, EDMUND HATCH, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born in 1824 in Ver
mont. He is a New England jurist, and
dfan of the Boston university law school.
He is the author of English Law and
Equity Reports; Fire Insurance Cases;
and Leading Cases in Criminal Law. He
has also edited many legal works 6t im
portance.
BENNETT, EMERSON, author, was
born March 16, 1822, in Monson, Mass. He
is a Philadelphia writer of sensational ro
mances, which have been very popular.
He is the author of Prairie Flower, Leni
Leoti, which are perhaps the most noted
of his fifty or more novels.
BENNETT, FRED A., state bank ex
aminer, was born March 1, 1869, in Wor
cester county, Mass. He graduated from
the state university of Iowa, and now
holds the high office of state bank ex
aminer of Iowa. He is prominent in fra
ternal orders, and resides in Manning,
Iowa.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BENNETT, GRANVILLE G. soldier
lawyer, jurist, state senator, congress
man, was born Oct. 9, 1833, in Butler coun
ty, Ohio. He entered upon the practice of
law in 1859; and served throughout the
war of the rebellion as a commissioned
officer in the union army. He was elect
ed a representative in the Iowa legislature
in 1865 for two years, and to the state
senate in 1867 for four years. In 1875 he
was appointed an associate justice of the
supreme court of the territory of Dakota-
resigned in 1878 and was elected a dele
gate from the territory of Dakota to the
forty-sixth congress as a republican.
BENNETT, H. S, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 7, 1807 in
Williamson county, Tenn. He began to
practice law in 1830, when he removed to
Mississippi, where he held the office of
circuit judge for eight years. He was a
representative from Mississippi to the
thirty-fourth congress.
BENNETT, HENRY, lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 29, 1808, in New Lis
bon, N. Y. He was elected to congress as
a representative from New York state in
1848, and served continuously for ten
years.
BENNETT, HENRY W., clergyman,
was born April 4, 1835, in Constableville,
Y. In 1862 he graduated from the
Wesleyan university and received the
highest prize in the senior class for liter
ary work. He has filled the chair of
Latin in several large institutions; has
traveled extensively in Europe, Egypt and
Palestine; and has filled pastorates in the
methodist episcopal church in the north
ern New York conference, of which con
ference he was presiding elder for ten
years.
BENNETT, HIRAM P., jurist, legisla
tor, congressman, was born Sept. 2, 1826,
in Carthage, Maine. In 1852 he was elect
ed to a judgeship in western Iowa. He re
moved to Nebraska territory in 1854, and
was at once elected a member of the ter
ritorial council; in 1858 was re-elected to
the Nebraska legislature, and made speak
er of the house. He removed to Colorado
territory in 1859, and was chosen a dele
gate therefrom to the thirty-seventh con
gress; and in 1862 was re-elected to the
thirty-eighth congress. In "1867 he was
appointed secretary of the territory of
Colorado.
BENNETT, JAMES GORDON, journalist,
was born Sept. 1, 1795, in Scotland. He
emigrated to the United States in 1819,
and in 1835 founded the New York Her
ald, the first newspaper that published a
daily money article and stock lists. He
was its editor and proprietor for nearly
forty years. He died June, 1, 1872, in
New York city.
BENNETT, JAMES GORDON, journal
ist, was horn May 10, 1841, in New York
city. He became the proprietor of The
New York Herald upon the death of his
father. He added to the fame of his paper
by publishing in England storm-warnings
transmitted from the United States; by
fitting out the Jeanette polar expedition;
by sending Henry M. Stanley in search of
Livingstone; and by other similar enter
prises. In 1883 he associated himself with
John W. Mackay in forming the commer
cial cable company and laying a new
cable between America and Europe, to
compete with the combined English and
French lines.
BENNETT, JOSEPH, lawyer, state
senator, was born May, 1839, in Sweden.
He studied law, and has pursued the pro
fession in Boston. He has been on the
school board in Brighton and Boston; has
been a trial justice in Middlesex county,
and special justice in Brighton district
municipal court. In 1879 he was in the
Massachusetts house of representatives,
and the next year in the state senate.
BENNETT, MILO LYMAN, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born in 1790 in Sharon,
Conn. He practiced law in Burlington,
Vt., and was judge of the supreme court
in 1839-59. He was author of Vermont
justice, and other legal text-books.
BENNETT, RICHARD, lawyer, legisla-
torf, jurist, was born Dec. 4, 1851, in On
tario, Canada. For three years he was
probate judge of Grand Forks county, N.
D.; alderman of Grand Forks city for
six years; and a member of the constitu
tional convention of North Dakota. He
now practices law in Neihart, Mont.,
where he is also engaged in several busi
ness enterprises.
BENNETT, RISDEN T., was born June
18, 1840, in Anson county, N. C. He en
tered the confederate army as a private
April 30, 1861, and rose through the sev
eral grades to the colonelcy of the four
teenth North Carolina troops. He was
solicitor of Anson county in 1866-67; was
a member of the legislature of North
Carolina in 1872, and delegate to the con
stitutional convention of the state in 1875.
He was judge of the superior court in
1880, and resigned to accept the nomina
tion for congress as congressman at large
from North Carolina; and was elected to
the forty-eighth and forty-ninth con
gresses.
BENNETT, SAMUEL FILLMORE,
soldier, physician, author. For many
years he practiced medicine in Richmond,
Wis. He served through the civil war
in the fortieth regiment Wisconsin vol
unteer infantry; and during his service
compiled several popular pieces, which
were sung with great enthusiasm by the
boys in blue. He is the author of the
popular song entitled In the Sweet By
and By.
BENNETT, THOMAS W., soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 16,
1831, in Union county, Ind. He graduated
at the Asbury university law school in
1854; was elected to the Indiana senate
in 1858; entered the union army in 1861
as a captain; served through the war, and
became a brigadier-general of volunteers.
He was re-elected to the Indiana senate
in 1864, serving four years; and was elect
ed mayor of Richmond, Ind., in 1869, serv
ing two years. He was appointed govern
or of Idaho in 1871, serving until Decem
ber, 1875, when he resigned to take his
scat as a delegate from Idaho to the forty-
fourth congress.
BENNETT, WILLIAM ZEBINA, chem
ist, author, was born Feb. 25, 1856 in
Montpelier, Vt. In 1880 he became assist
ant professor of chemistry, and in 1883
succeeded to the chair of natural sciences
in the university of Wooster. Besides
numerous contributions to scientific
periodicals, he has published A Plant
Analysis.
BENNION. EMMA, poet, was born on
March 13, 1859, in Sheldon, N. Y. She is
a writer of Strykersville, N. Y.; and the
author of a- number of meritorious poems.
BENSCHOTEN. HARVEY LEE VAN,
lawyer, was born Jan. 27, 1863. in Sebewa,
Mich. He received his education in the
schools of Indiana, Michigan agricultural
college, and the university of Michigan.
He is an able lawyer of Seeding. Mich.,
where he is city attorney, and prominent
in the public affairs of his county and
state.
BENSEL, JAMES BERRY, author, poet
was born Aug. 2, 1856, in New York city.
He was the author of In the King's Gar
den, and Other Poems; and King Cophe-
tua's Wife, a .novel. He died Feb. 3 1886
in New York city.
BENSON, EGBERT, lawyer, jurist, con-
giessman, was born June 21, 1746, in New
York city. He was attorney-general of
New York from 1780 to 1789; a delegate
to the continental congress from 1784 to
1788; and a representative in congress,
from New York, from 1789 to 1793. He
was a judge of the state supreme court
from 1794 to 1801. He was again elected
to congress in 1813. He died Aug 24
1833, in Jamaica, N. Y.
BENSON, EUGENE, artist, author, was
born in 1837 in Hyde Park, N. Y. He es
tablished his studio in Florence in 1871,
and removed to Rome in 1883. Among
the better known of his pictures are
Cloud Towers; Strayed Maskers; Ba
zaar at Cairo; Study of Girl in Blue; Art
and Love; Afternoon on the Lagoon; and
Ariadne. Mr. Benson has been a frequent
contributor to periodicals, and has pub
lished two books entitled Gaspara Stam-
pa; the Story of Her Life, and Art and
Nature in Italy.
BENSON, HENRY C., clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1815 near Xenia, Ohio.
He was editor of the Pacific Christian Ad
vocate at Portland, Ore., from 1864 to 1868,
in which year he became editor of the
California Advocate. For several years
he labored among the Choctaw Indians as
a missionary, and he has related his ex
periences in a book called Life Among the
Choctaws.
BENSON, SAMUEL PAGE, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born in 1804
in Winthrop, Maine. In 1825 he gradu-
iilcil from llowdoiii
^^l^_ i college; and acquir-
^^ ^8^ ed prominence as
t j one of the leading
L ^^ M lawyers of New
England. He was
V w- elected a member of
the Maine state
legislature; served
in tie state senate;
and for several
years was secretary
of the state of
Maine. He served
with distinction in the thirty-third con
gress, and received the re-election to the
thirty-fourth, and served as chairman of
the committee on naval affairs.
BENT, SILAS, jurist, was born in
Massachusetts. In 1813 he was appointed
United States judge for the territory of
Missouri. His name was given to a well-
known frontier post and military fort.
BENTEEN, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
army officer, was born Aug. 24, 1834, in
Petersburg, Va. He served with distinc
tion in the civil war
during 1861-65; and
was colonel of the
United States volun
teers. He has been
brigadier general of
the Missouri militia;
and was brevetted
brigadier-general of
the United States
army. He now re
sides in Atlanta,
Ga.; where he takes
an active part in the
business and public affairs of that city.
His services in the army have made him
very popular throughout the Un'te'rt
States.
106
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BENTLEY, CHARLES EUGENE, cler
gyman, prohibitionist, was born April 30,
1841, near Syracuse, N. Y. This eminent
baptist clergyman of Lincoln, Neb., has
been chairman of the prohibition state
committee of Nebraska, and had official
charge of the great amendment campaign
of 1890. He has been his party candi
date for governor and United States
senator, and was formally endorsed as
Nebraska's choice for president in the
campaign of 1896.
BENTLEY, EDWIN, physician, was
born July 3, 1824, in Connecticut. He
served in the civil war as surgeon, and
in 1886 was post-surgeon at Fort Brown,
Texas. He was professor of anatomy in
the Pacific medical college of California
and has been professor of surgery in the
Industrial university of Arkansas since
its organization.
BENTLEY, HENRY W.. orator, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, and financier,
was born Sept. 30, 1838, in DeRuyter,
N. Y. He received
the rudiments of his
education in Morris-
ville, and subse
quently attended
Yates Polytechnic
Institute at Chitten-
ango, and Judds'
private school at
Berkshire. For sev
eral years he taught
school in New York
and Illinois, and in
1861 was admitted to
the bar. He then opened an office in
Boonville, N. Y., where he has attained
eminence as one of the leading lawyers
of his native state. In 1890 he was elect
ed to the fifty-second congress of the
United States, and took an active part in
the deliberations of that body, and was a
prominent advocate for a ship canal from
the great lakes to the Hudson. He was
appointed by Governor Flower as com
missioner to investigate the charges
pending for the removal of Sheriff Beck;
and in 1894 he was appointed as surro
gate of Oneida county, and filled that
office with distfhction. He was a dele
gate to the democratic national conven
tion at Chicago in 1896, and was most
pronounced in opposition to the free sil
ver platform. He has been four times
elected president of Boonville; is vice-
president of the First national bank of
that city, and takes an active part in the
public affairs of his city, county and
state.
BENTON, CHARLES S., congressman,
was born in Maine. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from 1843
to 1849.
BENTON, GUY POTTER, educator, was
born May 26, 1865, in Kenton, Ohio. He
graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan uni
versity of Delaware. For five years he
was superintendent of city schools in Fort
Scott, Kan.; and served one term as as
sistant state superintendent of public in
struction of Kansas. This popular edu
cator fills the chair of history and so
ciology in the Baker university of Bald
win, Kan.
BENTON, HERBERT E., lawyer, jour
nalist, was born July 31, 1849, in Morris,
Conn. He became night editor of the
New Haven Daily Palladium, in which ca
pacity he served until his appointment as
editor-in-chief in 1880. He served two
years as a councilman, four years as al
derman, and six years as police commis
sioner.
BENTON, JACOB, lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born Aug. 14, 1819, in
Waterford, Vt. In 1854-56 he was a mem
ber of the state legislature; was a dele
gate to the Chicago convention of 1860;
and was elected a representative from
New Hampshire to the fortieth and forty-
first congresses.
BENTON, JAMES GILCHRIST, soldier,
inventor, was born Sept. 15, 1820, in Leb
anon, N. H. He was brevetted colonel
U. S. army in 1865; designed ordnance
appliances; discovered use of electricity
to determine velocity; and wrote A
Course of Instruction in Ordnance and
Gunnery. He commanded the national
armory of Springfield, Mass., until his
death. He died Aug. 23, 1881, in Spring
field, Mass.
BENTON, JOEL, author, was born May
29, 1832, in Amenia, N. Y. He is a verse-
writer and critic and the author of Un
der the Apple Boughs, a collection of
verse; and Emerson as a Poet.
BENTON, MAECENAS E., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 29, 1849. in Obion
county, Tenn. Beginning with 1872 (with
three exceptions) he has been a delegate
to every democratic state convention held
in Missouri, and was president of the
conventions held in 1890 and 189G. He
was elected prosecuting attorney in 1878
and in 1880, and declined re-election in
1882; was attorney of the United States
from March, 1885, to July, 1889; and is
the original offensive partisan who was
charged with pernicious activity in poli
tics. He has served as a member of the
democratic state committee for the state
at large; was a delegate to the national
democratic convention held in Chicago in
1896, and was a member of the committee
on credentials in that body. He was elect
ed to the fifty-fifth congress as a demo
crat.
BENTON, MORTIMER MURRAY, law
yer, state senator, was born in 1807, in
Benton, N. Y. He represented Kenton
county in the lower house of the Ken
tucky legislature from 1863 to 1865; was
then elected to the senate at the expira
tion of his term.
BENTON, SAMUEL, congressman, was
a representative in congress from South
Carolina from 1793 to 1798.
BENTON, THOMAS HART, statesman,
author, was Born March 14, 1782, in Hills-
borough. N C. He is an eminent states
man who represent
ed Missouri in the
United States sen
ate for thirty years;
removed to Tennes
see; became an at
torney; was elected
for one term to the
I Kentucky legisla-
J ture; served with
his regiment in the
war of 1812; began
law practice at St.
Louis, Mo., in 1813:
established the Missouri Inquirer; killed
an opponent in a duel; was elected U. S.
senator from Missouri in 1820, and was
continuously re-elected for thirty years;
was elected member of congress in 1852.
His political writing is notable for its
simple, direct style and absence of in
vective. He is the author of Speeches;
Thirty Years' View; History of the Work
ings of Congress, 1820-50: and Abridg
ment of the Debates of Congress, 1789-
1856. He died April 10, 1858, in Wash
ington, D. C.
BENTON, WILLIAM PLUMMER, sol
dier, was born Dec. 25. 1828. in Newmar
ket, Md. He was admitted to the bar in
1851, in 1852 appointed prosecuting attor
ney, and in 1856 made judge of the com
mon pleas court. When Fort Sumter was
fired upon. Judge Benton was the first
man in Wayne county to respond to me
president's call for 75,000 men. He com
manded a brigade at Pea Ridge, and was
promoted to brigadier-general for gal
lantry. He was in the battles of Port
Gibson, Jackson, Champion Hills, Black
River Bridge, the siege of Vicksburg, and
Mobile. He died March 14. 1867. in New
Orleans, La.
BERARD, AUGUSTA BLANCHE, au
thor, was born Oct. 29, 1824, in West
Point, N. Y. She is an educational writer
of West Point, and the author of School
History of the United States; School
History of England: Manual of Spanish
Art and Literature; and Reminiscences
of West Point in the Olden Time.
BERARD. CLAUDIUS, educator, au
thor, was born March 21, 1786, in Bor-
leaux, France. He arrived in New York
in the spring of 1807, and soon afterward
became professor of ancient languages in
Dickinson college at Carlisle, Pa., where
he remained until his appointment, in
1815, as professor of French in the U. S.
military academy at West Point. He held
this chair until his death, a period of over
thirty-three years. He died May 6, 1848,
at West Point, N. Y.
BERESFORD, RICHARD, congress
man. He was a delegate from South Caro
lina to the continental congress from 1783
to 1785.
BERG, ALBERT, soldier, journalist,
public official, was born June 25, 1861, in
Centre City, Minn. He was educated at
the Carleton college of Northfleld, Minn.;
and for three years studied at Gustavus
Adolphus college of St. Peter. For three
years he was engaged in journalistic
work on the Fargo Argus; and in 1886
was elected register of deeds for Chisago
county,- serving for eight years. In 1892
he was a delegate to the national repub
lican convention; and in 1894 was elected
secretary of state of Minnesota, receiving
the re-election in 1896.
BERG, JOSEPH FREDERICK, clergy
man, author, was born in 1812, on the isl
and of Antigua. He was a Dutch re
formed clergyman of Philadelphia and a
once noted controversialist. He was the
author of Lectures on Romanism; and
Rome's Policy towards the Bible. He died
July 20, 1871, in New Brunswick, N. J.
BERG, LOUIS DE COPPET, architect,
engineer, author, was born in 1856. He Is
an architect and civil engineer of New
York city, and has published a valuable
work on Safe Building.
BERGEN, CHRISTOPHER AUGUST
US, lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Aug. 2, 1841, in Bridge Point, N. J. He
was educated at Harlingen school, at
Edge Hill classical school, and at Prince
ton college, graduating from the academic
department in 1863; studied law, and was
licensed by the supreme court of New
Jersey as an attorney at law November,
1866, and as a counselor at law November.
1869. He was elected to the fifty-first and
fifty-second congresses as a republican.
BERGEN, FANNY DICKERSON, edu
cator, author, was born Feb. 4, 1846, In
Mansfield, Ohio. Mrs. Bergen has drama
tized Longfellow's poem of Miles Stand-
ish (Boston, 1883). She is a regular con
tributor to the American Teacher and
the Journal of Education, and has writ
ten for other periodicals.
BERGEN, JOHN T., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Xi'\v York from 1831 to 1833.
HEKRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
107
BERGEN, JOSEPH YOUNG, educator,
author, was born Feb. 22. 1851, in Red
Beach, Maine. He became professor of
natural sciences in Lombard university,
becoming, in 1883, principal of the Pea-
body (Mass.) high school. He is a regu
lar contributor to the Journal of Educa
tion, and has written for the Engineering
and Mining Journal. He is joint author
with his wife of The Development Theo
ry: the Study of Evolution simplified for
General Readers.
BERGEN, TEUNIS G., soldier, survey
or, horticulturist, congressman, was born
Oct. 6, 1806, in Gowanus, N. Y. He was a
member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1846; was supervisor of the
town of New Utrecht for twenty-three
years; served in all the grades, from ser
geant to colonel, in the state militia; was
a member of the Charleston and Balti
more conventions of 1860; and was, in
1864, elected a representative from New
York to the thirty-ninth congress.
BERGH, HENRY, philanthropist, au
thor, was born May 8, 1823, in New York
city, N. Y. He was a New York philan
thropist who founded the American So
ciety for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals. He was the author of The
Streets of New York, a volume of sketch
es; Love's Alternative, a drama; and
Married Off, a poem. He died March 12,
3888, in New York city.
BERGHMANN, CHARLES, musical di
rector, was born in 1821 in Germany. For
a time he was conductor of German opera,
officiated as the musical head of the Arion
singing society, and became alternate
conductor of the Philharmonic. He died
Aug. 10, 1876, in New York city.
BERGHOFF. JOHN T., physician, sur
geon, inventor, was born Nov. 17, 1823,
In Germany. After studying pharmacy he
j-^^—,------—-—.. emigrated to the
United States in
1846. In 1850 he
opened a drug store
in St. Louis, Mo.;
studied medicine in
the St. Louis medi
cal college; and in
1860 continued the
practice of his pro
fession in St. Jo
seph, Mo. He served
as a surgeon in the
union army during
the civil war. He held the position of
professor of the principles, and practice
of surgery in the Northwestern medical
college of St. Joseph, Mo., from 1879 un
til his death. He invented a universal
apparatus or splint for the treatment of
fracture of the leg, injuries and diseases
of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. He
delivered numerous papers before the
Missouri state medical association, and
other medical societies.
BERHOWITZ, HENRY, rabbi, founder,
and chancellor, was born March 18, 1857,
in Pittsburg, Pa. He is rabbi and founder
of the Jewish Chautauqua society; and
the author of Judaism and the Social
Question; First and Second Hebrew
Readers; Bible Ethics; Pulpit Message;
and The Open Bible.
BERNARD, FRANCIS, colonial gover
nor, was born in 1714 in England. He
came to America in 1758 as governor of
New Jersey, but in 1769 returned to Eng
land. He was the author of Select Let
ters on the Trade and Government of
America; and Principles of Law and Pol
ity Applied to the Government of the
British Colonies in America. He died
June 16, 1799.
BERNAYS, AUGUSTUS CHARLES,
physician, author, was born Oct. 13, 1854,
in Highland, 111. In 1883 he became pro
fessor of anatomy in the St. Louis College
of Physicians and Surgeons. Dr. Bernays
is the author of two embryological mono
graphs — one on the development of the
valves of the heart, and one on the de
velopment of the knee-joint and joints
in general; and also of a series of sur
gical papers, under the title of Chips from
a Surgeon's Workshop.
BERNHARDT, WILHELM, educator,
author, was born May 9, 1849, in Halle,
Germany. Since 1881 he has been head
of the German department in the Cen
tral high school of Washington, D. C.;
and since 1892 director of German in
struction in the high schools of that city.
He is the author of a series of German
text-books for schools and colleges, and
during the summer lectures on German
literature in the Amherst Summer School
of Languages.
BERNHEIM, GOTTHARDT DELL-
MAN, clergyman, author, was born in
1827. He is a lutheran clergyman at Phil-
lipsburg, N. J., and the author of The
Success of God's Work; Localities of the
Reformation; and History of the German
Settlements in North and South Carolina.
BERNHISEL, JOHN M., physician,
congressman, was born June 23, 1799, in
Cumberland county, Pa. He graduated
in the medical department of Pennsyl
vania university; and engaged in the
practice of medicine. He was elected a
delegate to the thirty-fifth congress from
the territory of Utah; and re-elected to
the thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh con
gresses.
BERNON, GABRIEL. He was a French
Huguenot, who resided in Providence, R.
I. He founded the three first episcopal
churches in America— one in Virginia,
one in Newport, R. I., and St. John's
church in Providence, R. I. History states
that the first English prayer book in
America was brought here a'nd owned by
Gabriel Bernon.
BERRIAN, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1787, in New York city.
He was an episcopal clergyman who was
rector of Trinity church, New York city,
1830-62. He was the author of Travels in
France and Italy; Devotions for the Sick
Room; On Communion; Enter thy Clos
et; The Sailors' Manual; Recollections of
Departed Friends; Family and Private
Prayers; and Historical Sketch of Trin
ity Church. He died Nov. 7. 1862. in New
York city.
BERRIEN, JOHN McPHERSON, was
born Aug. 23, 1781, in New Jersey. In
1809 he was elected solicitor- general of
Georgia, and the
next year judge of
the eastern circuit.
During the war of
1812 he had com
mand of a regiment
of volunteer caval
ry; and served in
the state legislature
for several years.
In 1824 he was elect
ed to the United
States senate, where
he remained until
1829, when he took a seat in the cabinet
of President Jackson as attorney-general.
In 1840 he was again elected to the United
States senate for six years. In 1845 he
was elected one of the judges of the su
preme court of Georgia; and in 1847 was
once more elected to the United States
senate, resigning his seat in May. 1852.
He died Jan. 1, 1856, in Savannah, Ga.
BERRY, A. MOORE, lawyer, financier,
was born Dec. 5, 1849, in Greenville, S. C.
He was law reporter of the court of ap
peals for twelve years in St. Louis, and
during his incumbency of that office he
prepared and published twenty-eight vol
umes of Missouri Appeal Reports. He is
president of the Southern Saving-Fund
and Loan company.
BERRY, ABRAHAM J., physician, was
born in 1799 in New York city. At the
time of the desolation of New York by
Asiatic cholera in 1832, he was among
the few that remained at the post of duty.
For more than a century a considerable
part of Williamsburg, now Brooklyn, had
belonged to his family. He identified
himself with the interests of the place
when it was made a city, and became its
first mayor. He also assisted very mate
rially in the establishment of the im
portant ferries connecting with New
York. In 1861 Dr. Berry, although over
sixty years of age, went out as surgeon
of the thirty-eighth New York infantry.
He died Oct. 22, 1865, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BERRY, ALBERT SEATON, lawyer,
congressman, was born in Campbell coun
ty, Ky. He was educated at Miami uni
versity, Oxford, Ohio, and attended Cin
cinnati law school. He served two terms
in the state senate and five terms as may
or of Newport. He was elected to the
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses and
re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
BERRY, CAMPBELL P., was born Nov.
7, 1834, in Jackson county, Ala. He re
moved to Arkansas in 1841, and thence to
California in 1857; and graduated at the
Methodist college of Vacaville, Cal. He
was a representative in the state legisla
ture in 1869, 1871, 1875, and 1877, and the
last term was speaker of the house. He
was elected a representative from Cali
fornia to the forty-sixth and forty-sev
enth congresses as a democrat.
BERRY, JAMES H., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, governor, United States senator,
was born May 15, 1841, in Jackson county,
Ala. He removed to Arkansas in 1848;
entered the confederate army in 1861 as
second lieutenant sixteenth Arkansas in
fantry; and lost a leg at the battle of
Corinth, Miss., Oct. 4, 1862. He was elect
ed to the legislature of Arkansas in 1866;
was re-elected in 1872; was elected speak
er of the house at the extraordinary ses
sion of 1874; was president of the demo
cratic state convention in 1876; and was
elected judge of the circuit court in 1878.
He was elected governor in 1882; was
elected to the United States senate as a
democrat, to fill a vacancy, and was re-
elected in 1889 and 1895. His term of ser
vice will expire March 3, 1901.
BERRY, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born April 26, 1833, in Crawford
county, Ohio. He was educated at the
common schools, and the Ohio Wesleyan
university; and graduated at the law
school of Cincinnati college. He was ad
mitted to the bar in 1857; practiced his
profession at Upper Sandusky; was prose
cuting attorney of Wyandot county in
1862, and again in 1864; and was elected
to the forty-third congress as a democrat.
BERRY, LUCIEN W., college presi
dent, was born in 1815, in Alburg, Vt. At
the age of thirty-four he was elected
president of Indiana Asbury (DePauw)
university for six years; resigned in 1855,
and accepted the presidency of the Iowa
Wesleyan university. After three years
here he resigned and entered into the
project of founding a methodiet college at
Jefferson City, Mo. He died July 23, 1858,
in Cincinnati, Ohio.
108
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BERRY, NATHANIEL S., statesman.
He was governor of New Hampshire for
two years, from 1861 to 1863, taking an
active interest in raising troops for the
war of the rebellion.
BERRY, ORVILLE E., lawyer, state
senator, was born Feb. 16, 1852, in Mc-
Donough county, 111. In 1883 he was elect
ed mayor of Carthage, and wss twice re-
elected without opposition. He was sec
retary of the Hancock county agricultural
board for four years. He has served with
distinction as a member of the Illinois
state senate, and is a noted parliamenta
rian.
BERRY, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, rail
road manager, was born Feb. 2, 1844, in
Riddeford, Maine. He is the second vice-
president In charge of traffic of the Bos
ton and Maine railroad. For thirty-five
years he has been engaged in railro:><l
work, commencing as freight clerk and
working his way through all grades to his
present position.
BERTRAM, GEORGE WEBB, lawyer,
Jurist, was born March 21, 1847, in Salem,
Mass. He attended the common schools
and the agricultural college of Manhat
tan, Kan. He served as a union soldier
during the civil war in company B,
eighteenth regiment Kansas cavalry. For
two years he was attorney for Mitchell
county, Kan.; and during 1890-94 was
judge of the seventeenth judicial district
court of Kansas. He Is a prominent mem
ber of the G. A. R., Knights Templars, and
other fraternal bodies.
BERWALD, WILLIAM HENRY, musi
cian, was born Dec. 26, 1864, in Germany.
He was conductor of orchestra and cho
rus for two years In Russia, after which,
in 1892, he came to America and entered
the Syracuse university as instructor
upon the piano and professor in the his
tory of theory of music. In 1893 he was
made full professor.
BESHOAR, MICHAEL, physician, leg
islator, journalist, was born Feb. 25, 1833,
uear Miffiintown, Pa. He attended the
Tuscarora academy,
Philadelphia and
Jefferson medical
colleges, medical de
partments of the
universities of Penn-
^ sylvanla and Michi
gan, graduating
from the latter in
stitution in 1833. He
was a representative
in the legislatures of
Arkansas, and the
territory (and later
the state) of Colorado. He was surgeon
in the Arkansas state militia, surgeon of
the provisional (and later the regular
army) of the confederacy; and filled nu
merous other public offices as a physician.
He was county judge for seven years;
county superintendent of schools for two
terms; founder and editor of the Pueblo
Chieftain in 1868; founder and present
editor and owner of the Dally Advertiser
of Trinidad, Colo. He has been a member
of the Pan-American medical congress.
BESSEY, CHARLES EDWIN, botanist,
author, was born May 21, 1845, in Milton,
Ohio. He is a botanical professor In the
university of Nebraska, and the author of
Geography of Iowa; Botany for High
Schools and Colleges; and The Essentials
of Botany.
BESSON. SAMUEL AUSTIN, lawyer,
was born April 6, 1853, in Everittstown,
N. J. In 1882 he was appointed corpora
tion counsel of the city of Hoboken; and
In 1889 was chosen presidfnt of the Hud
son county bar association.
BESSONIES, MONSIGNOR JOHN
FRANCIS AUGUST DE, V. G. R. P.,
priest, was born June 17, 1815, in France.
In 1840 he was ordained a priest at Vin-
cennes, Ind. He has been pastor at Leo
pold, Ind.; of Fort Wayne, Ind.; and Jef
ferson, Ind.; and of St. John's, Indianapo
lis, Ind. He was appointed vicar-general
of the diocese of Vincennes in 1872; was
nominated Roman prelate in 1884; and
elected administrator of the diocese of
Vincennes in 1887.
BEST, EVA, author, poet, was born
Dec. 19. 1851, in Cincinnati, Ohio. She
is the author of several dramas entitled
An American Princess; Sands of Egypt;
A Rhine Crystal; and is the author of nu
merous short stories and poems.
BEST, PHILIP, brewer, was born Sept.
26, 1814, in Germany. He located in
Milwaukee, and, together with his father
and three brothers, he established the fa
mous brewery of Philip Best and Co. He
was for many years major-general of the
Wisconsin state militia. He died in 1869
in Bavaria.
BEST, SUSIE MONTGOMERY, educa
tor, poet, was born in Ireland. She is the
author of nearly two thousand poems;
;md a volume in verse entitled The Fallen
Fillar Saint.
BETHUNE, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
clergyman, author, was born in March,
1805, in New York. He was a Dutch re
formed clergyman of Brooklyn of con
siderable note as a preacher. He was the
author of Orations and Discourses; Fruits
oT the Spirit; History of a Penitent; and
Lays of Love and Faith, a volume of
verse, are some of his works. He was an
ardent fisherman, and edited Walton's
Complete Angler. He died April 27, 1862,
in Florence, Italy.
BETHUNE, LAUGHLIN, congressman,
was born in North Carolina. He was for
several years a senator in the state legis
lature, and from 1831 to 1833 a represent
ative in congress from Cumberland coun
ty, N. C.
BETHUNE, THOMAS GREEN, musi
cian, was born May 25, 1849, near Colum
bus, Ga. He was blind from birth, and
known as Blind Tom. He was born a
slave. At the age of five he was fa
miliar with the piano. He made his first
public appearance in 1858, and made suc
cessful tours of the United States and
Europe.
BETTON, SILAS, congressman, was
born in 1764. He graduated at Dart
mouth college in 1787, was a representa
tive in congress from New Hampshire
from 1803 to 1807; and held the office of
sheriff of Rockingham county for several
years. He died in 1822 in Salem, N. H.
BETTS, B. FRANK, educator, was born
Dec. 1, 1845, in Warminster, Pa. He has
held a professorship in the Hahnemann
Medical college of Philadelphia since
1873. He is consulting gynecologist to
the Homoeopathic hospital of Wilming
ton, Del., and to the out-patent depart
ment of the Children's Homoeopathic hos
pital of Philadelphia.
BETTS, BEVERLEY ROBINSON,
clergyman, journalist, author, was born
August, 1827, in New York city, N. Y.
He was successively rector of several
churches until 1865, when he was ap
pointed librarian of Columbia. Of the
large library of that college he prepared a
full catalogue. He has been a frequent
contributor to the church journals, and
for many years one of the editors of the
New York Genealogical and Biographical
Record.
BETTS, CRAVEN LANGSTROTH, au
thor, poet, was born in 1853 in New
Brunswick. He was the author of Songs
from Bfiranger; The Perfume Holder; A
Persian Love Poem; and co-author with
A. W. H. Eaton of Tales of a Garrison
Town.
BETTS, FREDERIC HENRY, lawyer,
author, was born March 8, 1843, in New-
burg, N. Y. In 1872 he was chosen con
sul for the New York state insurance de
partment; in 1873 was lecturer on patent •
law in the law department of the Yale
university; and in 1879 published a
pamphlet on Policy of Patent Law. He
is the author of a work entitled The Life
of Joseph Henry.
BETTS, FREDERICK, lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Oct. 15, 1859, in Hillsdale
county, Mich. He received the degree of
B. A. from the University of Michigan;
and has attained success as one of the
foremost lawyers of the west of Pueblo,
Colo. During 1888-92 he served with dis
tinction as state senator in the Colorado
legislature.
BETTS, SAMUEL ROSSITER, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born June 8, 1787,
in Richmond, Mass. He took part in the
war of 1812, and was appointed judge ad
vocate. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1815 to 1817;
in 1823 was appointed a circuit judge for
the state; and in 1826 was appointed
judge of the United States district court
for the southern district of New York,
which office he continued to hold until
May, 1867. He was the author of Admir
alty Practice. He died Oct. 3, 1868, in
New Haven, Conn.
BETTS, THADDEUS, United States
senator, was born in Norwalk, Conn. He
was at one time lieutenant-governor of
Connecticut, and was an influential mem
ber of the United States senate from 1839
to the date of his death. He died April
8, 1840, in Washington, D. C.
BETZ, JOHN FREDERICK, brewer,
was born April 8, 1831, in Germany. His
properties are the Riverside Mansion, Ly
ceum theater, Grand opera house, and the
huge Betz building on South Broad
street; and he is also connected with The
Germania Brewing company, of Philadel
phia, Pa.
BEVAN, PHILIP, poet. He is a suc
cessful writer of Martinsburg, Ind.; and
the author of Woman Lost and Gained;
and Songs of the War for the Union.
BEVERIDGE, JOHN, educator, poet,
was born in Scotland. In 1752 he came
to Boston and six years later removed
to Philadelphia to accept the chair of
languages in the college and academy,
which was the real nucleus of the present
university of Pennsylvania. In 1765 he
published a collection of Latin poems.
BEVERIDGE, JOHN L., lawyer, gov
ernor, was born July 6, 1824, in Green
wich, N. Y. From 1846 to 1S51 he taught
school in Tennessee and read law; he
practiced in Chicago; he served four years
in the union army as major and colonel
of cavalry; and was sheriff of Cook coun
ty, 111., two years; he was elected state
senator in 1870; and was elected to
fill a vacancy in the forty-second con
gress; he was elected governor of Illinois
in 1873 for the term of four years.
BEVERLEY, ROBERT, author, was
born about 1675 in Virginia. He was a
writer whose one work a History of the
Present State of Virginia, 1705, is full of
life and vigor; in it occurs the phrase
"the almighty power of gold," which an
ticipates Irving's "almighty dollar." He
died in 1716.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
109
BEVINS, PHILIP DENISON, educator,
journalist, was born Feb. 3, 1862, in Pike
county, Ky. He received a thorough ed
ucation and graduated from the State Col
lege of Lexington, Ky. He has attained
success in educational work; has been
county teachers' examiner; and during
1894-97 was superintendent of schools of
Pike county, Ky. He was one of the or
ganizers of the first teachers' associations
in his county; and has been instrumental
in the enactment of better educational
laws in the Kentucky state legislature.
BEVIS, MRS. S. HAZLETT, journalist,
author, poet, was born July 17, 1846, in
Zanesville, Ohio. As a journalist, she has
attained fame in Cincinnati, Ohio, where
she organized the Woman's Press club;
and was its first president. She has pub
lished a volume of poems; and is the
author of biographical and other works.
BEUTGEN, PETEE JOHN, missionary,
author, was born Oct. 7, 1861, in Te-
cumseh, Canada. He graduated from the
normal school In Canada; studied law
and was admitted to the bar in the United
States in 1886. He afterward studied
theology at the Louvln university, Bel
gium; and was ordained priest. He be
came a missionary In Oregon and Texas;
built the most westerly church in the
United States at Cape Blanco, and two
other churches in Oregon. He built the
Ursulian convent in Laredo, and St. Pe
ter's church in the same place. He was
the first professor of Mt Angel college,
Oregon; and the founder of the school for
boys in Laredo, Texas. He is a great
linguist; and speaks seven languages. He
is the author of Our Lady of Guadalupe;
and has contributed extensively to cur
rent periodicals.
BIBB, GEORGE M., lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born in 1772,
in Virginia. He was a justice, and twice
chief justice of the court of appeals of
Kentucky; was in the state senate two
years; held the position of chancellor of
the court of chancery; was secretary of
the treasury under President Tyler; and
afterward practiced his profession in the
city of Washington; and acted as an as
sistant in the office of the attorney-gen
eral of the United States. He was a Uni
ted States senator from 1811 to 1814, and
again from 1829 to 1835. He died April
14, 1859, In Georgetown,' D. C.
BIBB, THOMAS, governor, was a kins
man of W. W. Bibb, whom he succeeded
as governor of Alabama in 1820.
BIBB, WILLIAM WYATT, governor,
United States senator, was born Oct.' 1,
1780, in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from Georgia from 1806
to 1814; and a senator in congress from
1813 to 1816. In 1817 he was appointed
governor of the territory of Alabama; and
was elected first governor under the con
stitution of that state in 1819. He died
July 9, 1820, in Fort Jackson, Ala.
BIBIGHAUS, THOMAS M., congress
man, was born in 1816, in Pennsylvania.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1851 to the time of his
death. He died June 18, 1853, in Leb
anon, Pa.
BIBLE, GEORGE POTTER, educator,
lecturer, was born Feb. 26. 1858, in Belle-
fonte, Pa. He is known in his state as
one of the most gifted institute instruc
tors, having lectured in nearly every in
stitute in the state. In Ohio, Delaware
and Indiana, he has also been much in
demand. He was professor of literature
and elocution in the normal schools of
Lock Haven and Indiana, Pa.; and for
fifteen years past has been lecturer and
instructor in the Institutes of Pennsyl
vania. He is now organizer and principal
of the state normal school of East
Stroudsburg, Pa. For three years he was
editor of the Bellefonte Central Demo
crat; and has written extensively for the
educational papers of the east.
BICKER, WALTER, soldier, was born
Feb. 29, 1796, in New York city. He
served in the war of 1812; and at the time
of his death was its last surviving officer.
He died June 3, 1886, in Far Rockaway,
L. I.
BICKFORD, LEVI F., clergyman, poet,
was born January 9, 1840, in Hartford,
Ind. He is a successful congregational
clergyman of Brownwood, Texas; and fills
the chair of mathematics and meta
physics in the Daniel Baker college of
that city.
BICKMORE, ALBERT SMITH, ethnol
ogist, author, was born March 1, 1839, in
St. George, Maine. He is an ethnologist;
and since 1885 has been the curator of
the American Museum of Natural History
in New York city. He is the author of
Travels in the East Indian Archipelago;
The Ainos or Hairy Men of Jesso, Sag-
halien, etc.; and Sketch of a Journey from
Canton to Hankow.
BICKNELL, ALBION HARRIS, artist,
was born March 18, 1837, in Turner, Maine.
He began the study of art at an early
age, and was a pupil of Thomas Couture
and L'Ecole des Beaux- Arts, Paris, France.
He has painted portraits of a great num
ber of distinguished public men. His his
torical paintings — Lincoln at Gettysburg;
and the Battle of Lexington— have a na
tional reputation, and are among the
most important and meritorious paint
ings yet produced by an American artist
BICKNELL, BENNET, state senator,
congressman, was born in Mansfield,
Conn. He served in the assembly of the
state in 1812; was a state senator from
1815 to 1818; and was a representative in
congress from New York from 1837 to
1839. He died in 1863, in Morrisville,
Madison county.
BICKNELL, GEORGE AUGUSTUS,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was judge of the
second judicial circuit of the state of In
diana in 1852, holding this position by
successive re-elections for twenty-four
years. From 1861 to 1870 he was pro
fessor of law at the university of Indiana.
He was elected a representative from In
diana to the forty-fifth and forty-sixth
congresses.
BICKNELL, THOMAS WILLIAMS, ed
ucator, journalist, author, was born Sept
6, 1834, in Barrington, R. I. He has been
very active in educational journalism,
and during the years 1874-86 he founded,
edited, and owned The Journal of Educa
tion; The Primary Teacher; The Ameri
can Teacher; Education, a bi-month
ly magazine; and Good Times. The
New England Bureau of Education and
the National Council of Education were
organized by him. He has published
Biography of William Lord Noyes; His
torical Sketches of Barrington, R. I.; Re
ports of the Commissioner of Public
Schools; and History of the Bicknell
Family.
BIDDLE, ANDREW PORTER, physi
cian, dermatologist, was born Feb. 25,
1862, in Detroit, Mich. He studied in
Geneva, Heidelberg and Leipzic; and in
1892 was appointed lecturer on derma
tology in the Detroit college of medicine.
He has been assistant dermatologist to
tne St. Mary's hospital clinics; and der
matologist to the Children's Free hospi
tal clinics. During President Cleveland's
second administration he was United
States pension examining surgeon. He
has taken great interest in military or
ganizations; and is captain and assistant
surgeon of the fourth regiment infantry
Michigan national guard. Dr. Biddle is a
prominent member of various medical as
sociations and other societies.
BIDDLE, ANTHONY JOSEPH DREX-
EL, journalist, author, was born in 1874,
in Pennsylvania, He is a journalist and
publisher of Philadelphia; and the author
of A Dual Role, and Other Stories; An
Allegory and Three Essays; The Madeira
Islands; and The Froggy Fairy BooK.
BIDDLE, CHARLES JOHN, soldier,
congressman, was born in 1819, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In the war with Mexico he
was brevetted a major for gallant and
meritorious services. In 1861 he was ap
pointed a colonel in the Pennsylvania re
serve volunteer corps; and while in the
field in Virginia was elected a representa
tive from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
seventh congress, to fill a vacancy. He
was a son of Nicholas Biddle. He was a
successful journalist; and the author of
The Case of Major Andre. He died riept
28, 1873, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BIDDLE, CLEMENT CORNELL, sol
dier, was born Oct. 24, 1784, In Philadel
phia, Pa. In 1812 he raised a company of
volunteers — the State Feucibles— was
elected its captain, and subsequently was
colonel of the first Pennsylvania infantry.
At the conclusion of hostilities he de
voted himself to the study of political
economy; and annotated an edition of
Say's treatise on that science. He died
Aug. 21, 1851.
BIDDLE, EDWARD, soldier, lawyer,
statesman, was born in 1739. He was an
officer in the French war from 1756 to
3763; became eminent as a lawyer in
Reading, Pa.; and was a member of the
assembly, and speaker. He was a delegate
to the continental congress from 1774 to
1775; and was one of the prominent ad
vocates of independence. He died Sept. 5,
1779, in Baltimore, Md.
BIDDLE, HORACE P., lawyer, jurist,
author, poet, was born March 24, 1818, in
Hocking county, Ohio. In his boyhood he
received an elemen
tary English educa
tion, and afterward
acquired a knowl
edge of Latin, Ger
man, French, Ital
ian, Spanish, Portu
guese, and several
eastern languages.
He studied law, was
admitted to the bar,
and in 1838 opened
an office in Logans-
port, Ind.; rose to
the first rank in his profession, and re
ceived the highest judicial honors of the
state. He was a member of the consti
tutional convention, which formed the
present constitution of the state. He is
the author of several books; in science —
The Musical Scale; in philosophy — Ele
ments of Knowledge; in poetry — A Few
Poems; Biddle's Poems; American Boy
hood; and a Glance at the World; and a
volume entitled Prose Miscellany. In
childhood Mr. Biddle showed an intense
love of music, and thirty years after the
publication of his scientific work, en
titled The Musical Scale, his theory was
proved to be true by demonstrative evi
dence. He still resides in his Island
Home on an island in the Wabash river
near Logansport, Ind.
110
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BIDDLE, JACOB ALBERT, clergyman,
college president, author, was born Dec.
24, 1845, in Rochester, Ohio. He has held
the position of president of the Philo
math college, of Oregon; and has filled
pastorates in Milford and South Norwalk,
Conn. He is the author of Social Regen
eration.
BIDDLE, JAMES, soldier, was born
Feb. 28, 1783, in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1845
he was United States commissioner to
ratify a treaty with China; visited Japan
In the Columbus; commanded the squad
ron on the west coast of Mexico during
the war; and from 1838 to 1842 had
charge of the naval asylum on the
Schuylkill. He died Oct. 1, 1848, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
BIDDLE, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
was born March 9, 1789, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was an officer in the war of 1812,
acquitting himself with bravery; held the
position of paymaster in the army; and
also that of Indian agent. He was a dele
gate to congress from the territory of
Michigan from 1829 to 1831, when he was
appointed register of the land office at
Detroit, Mich. He died Aug. 25, 1859, at
White Sulphur Springs, Va.
BIDDLE, NICHOLAS, naval officer, was
born Sept. 10, 1750, in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1775 congress passed a resolution ap
pointing nineteen naval officers, of whom
five were captains. Nicholas Biddle, one
of these, was assigned to the Andrea Do-
rla, an armed brig. He died March 7,
1778.
BIDDLE, NICHOLAS, state senator,
financier, was born Jan. 8, 1786, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a financier of Phila
delphia famous in
political history as
the president of the
United States bank.
He was a member
of the Pennsylvania
legislature in 1810-
11; and of the state
senate in 1814. He
was the author of A
Commercial Digest;
and History of the
Expedition under
Lewis and Clark to
the Missouri River. He died Feb. 27, 1844,
In Philadelphia, Pa.
BIDDLE, RICHARD, lawyer, congress
man, author, was born March 25, 1796, in
Philadelphia. Pa., and was a brother of
Nicholas Biddle. He served during the
war of 1812, in the protection of Philadel
phia. He became a leader of the Pitts-
burg bar; and was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1837 to
1841. While in England he published an
expose of Captain Basil Hall's Travels
in America; and his Life of Sebastian Ca
bot brought to light new and important
facts in the discovery of America. He
died July 7, 1847, in Pittsburg, Pa.
BIDDLE, THOMAS, soldier, was born
Nov. 21, 1790, in Philadelphia, Pa. In
1814 he was brevetted major, and in De
cember became aide to General Izard. In
1820 he was paymaster. He met his death
at the hands of Spencer Pettis in a duel.
In consequence of Major Biddle's defect
ive eyesight, the distance was made five
feet, and both men were mortally wound
ed at the first fire. He died Aug. 29, 1831,
in St. Louis, Mo.
BIDLACK, BENJAMIN A., congress
man, was born in Pennsylvania. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1841 to 1845. He died Feb.
29, 1849, in New Grenada.
BIDWELL, BARNABAS, lawyer, con
gressman. From 1801 to 1805 he was a
member of the Massachusetts legislature;
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1805 to 1807; and at
torney-general for the state from 1807 to
1810. He died in 1833.
BIDWELL, DANIEL D., soldier, was
born about 1816 in Buffalo, N. Y. Colonel
Bidwell took a prominent part in the bat
tles of Fredericksburg and Chancellors-
ville, commanded a brigade at Gettys
burg, and when General Grant took com
mand of the armies in Virginia was again
placed in charge of a brigade, partici
pating in the overland campaign. He was
commissioned brigadier-general in July,
1864, and served with honor in the Shen-
andoah campaigns during the summer
preceding the action at Cedar Creek,
where he lost his life. He died Oct. 19,
1864, near Cedar Creek, Va.
BIDWELL, JOHN, soldier, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Aug. 5, 1819,
in Chautauqua county, N. Y. He served
in the war with Mexico until its close,
rising from second lieutenant to major.
He was the first man to find gold on
Feather river, in 1848. In 1849 he was a
member of the state constitutional con
vention, and during the same year was
elected to the senate of the new state.
He was a brigadier-general of militia dur
ing the civil war, and in 1864 was elected
a representative from California to the
thirty-ninth congress; and in 1875 was a
candidate for governor of California.
BIDWELL, MARSHAL S., lawyer,
banker, was born 1798 in New England.
He was at the time of his death president
of the oldest savings bank in New York
city, a director in the American Bible so
ciety, and a prominent member of the
historical society, before which he deliv
ered an address a short time before his
death. He died Oct. 24, 1872, in New
York city.
BIDWELL, WALTER HILLIARD, cler
gyman, journalist, was born June 21, 1798,
in Farmington, Conn. In 1841 he began a
long editorial career, conducting the
American National Preacher for about
nineteen years. He also edited the New
York Evangelist from 1843 till 1855, and
in 1846 became proprietor of the Eclectic
Magazine and the American Biblical Re
pository. He became publisher and pro
prietor of the American Theological Re
view in 1860, and kept it till 1862, when It
was incorporated with the Presbyterian
Quarterly Review. He died in November,
1881.
BIENVILLE, JEAN BAPTIST, colonial
governor, was born Feb. 24, 1680, in Mon
treal, Canada. He was the founder of
New Orleans; and French governor of
Louisiana. He died in 1765 in France.
BIERER, ANDREW GREGG CURTIN,
lawyer, jurist, was born Oct. 24, 1862, in
Uniontown, Pa. He has attained success
in the legal profession; has been city at
torney of Garden City, Kan.; city attor-
cey of Guthrie, Oklahoma; and in 1893
was appointed by President Cleveland as
sociate justice of the supreme court of
Oklahoma Territory.
BIERER, EVERARD, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born Jan. 9, 1827, In
Uniontown, Pa. Since 1848 he has been
principally engaged in the practice of
law, and for three years was district at
torney of his county. He served as a
union soldier during the civil war; was
captain of company F, eleventh regiment
Pennsylvania volunteer reserve corps,
from April 23, 1861, to Nov. 18, 1862;
and colonel of the 171st regiment Penn
sylvania volunteers from Nov. 18, 1862, to
Sept. 28, 1863; and in the reserve corps as
captain until March 16, 1864. He was a
Lincoln presidential elector in 1864; and
in 1867-68 was a representative from
Brown county in the Kansas state legis
lature. Mr. Bierer is a prominent mem
ber of the Masonic order Grand Army of
the Republic, and other fraternal bodies.
BIERMAN, E. BENJAMIN, educator,
college president, was born Dec. 1, 1839,
near Reading, Pa. He received his edu
cation in the Read
ing classical acade
my and the univer
sity of Pennsylvania.
During 1867-81 he
was professor of
mathematics in Leb
anon valley college;
and since 1890 has
been president of
that institution of
learning. He has
contributed valuable
articles arid essays
on educational topics, which have ap
peared in the periodical press and several
standard works.
BIERNE, ANDREW, congressman, was
born in Ireland. He served as a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1837 to 1841.
BIERSTADT, ALBERT, landscape
painter, was born Jan. 7, 1830, in Ger
many. Among his most celebrated works
are Rocky Mountains; Looking Down
the Yosemite; Storm in the Rocky Moun
tains; Valley of the Yosemite; Sunlight
and Shadow; Emerald Pool; Great Trees
of California; Landing of Columbus; and
Last of the Buffalo. He has received nu
merous honors and medals.
BIERY, JAMES S., educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 2, 1839, in
Venango county, Pa. He received an
' academic education;
taught school sev
eral years; studied
theology and law;
and was admitted to
the bar in 1868. In
1869 he was a candi
date for the legisla
ture, running aheau
of his ticket. He
was elected to the
forty-third congress,
serving on the com-
r mittee on mileage.
He was an able speaker; and took an ac
tive part in all progressive measures. He
is a successful lawyer of Allentown, Pa.;
and one of the foremost jurists of bis
state.
BIGBY, JOHN SUMMERFIELD, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Feb.
13, 1832, in Coweta county, Ga. He grad
uated from Emory college, Georgia, in
1853; studied and practiced law; and was
a member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1867-1868. He was solicitor-
general of the Tallapooea circuit in 1868;
was judge of its superior court until 1871;
and was elected to the forty-second con
gress.
BIGELOW, ABIJAH, congressman, was
born Dec. 5, 1775, in Westminster, Mass.
He was a member of the general court of
Massachusetts; and was a representative
in congress from 1810 to 1815. In 1838 he
was appointed a master in chancery for
Worcester county; and held the office of
justice of the peace for about fifty years.
He died April 4, 1860.
HKKKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
Ill
BIGBLOW, ANSON A., lumberman,
was born Nov. 7, 1833, in Easton, N. Y.
The firm of A. A. Bigelow and Co. now
own a large area of pine forest near
Washburn in Bayfleld county, Wis., and
have built capacious mills there.
BIGELOW, ASA, merchant, was born
Jan. 18, 1779, in Marlborough, Conn. He
was engaged in a general shipping and
commission business in Saugerties, N. Y.,
in which he was very prosperous. Subse
quently he removed to Bristol, N. Y., and
continued in the same business. He died
Feb. 12, 1850.
BIGELOW, EDGAR ALTON, educator,
farmer, business man, legislator, was
born March 8, 1863, in Zumbrota, Minn.
After receiving his education he taught
school for several years. He has filled
numerous public offices of trust in his na
tive county, and has been president of
the Zumbrota Farmers' Mercantile and
Elevator company since its inception. In
1896 he was elected republican represent
ative to the Minnesota state legislature;
and in 1897 was elected president of the
Minnesota Farmers' Elevator association.
BIGELOW, MRS. EDITH EVELYN,
author, was born in 1861 in New York.
She is the wife of P. Bigelow, and the au
thor of Diplomatic Disenchantments, a
novel.
BIGELOW, ERASTUS BRIGHAM,
manufacturer, was born April 2, 1814, in
West Boylston, Mass. He was a noted
New England inventor of carpet looms,
and the author of The Tariff Question
considered in regard to the Policy of Eng
land and the Interest of the United
States; and The Tariff Policy of England
and the United States Contrasted. He
died Dec. 6, 1879, in Boston, Mass.
BIGELOW, FRANK GORDON, banker,
was born Sept. 28, 1847, in Hartford, N.
Y. This successful business man and
financier has been trustee of the North
western Mutual Life Insurance company;
receiver of the Northern Pacific Railroad
company; and is the honored president of
the First national bank of Milwaukee,
Wis.
BIGELOW, HENRY JACOB, physician,
was born March 11, 1818, in Boston, Mass.
He became professor of surgery in the
medical school of Harvard university in
1849; continuing to hold the chair of sur
gery until 1884. In 1846 he was appointed
surgeon to the Massachusetts general
hospital, a position which he resigned in
1886. He died Oct. 30, 1890, in Newton
Creek, Mass.
BIGELOW, HOBERT B., statesman. He
was governor of Connecticut from 1881 to
1883.
BIGELOW, HORACE RANSOM, law
yer, was born March 13, 1820, in Water-
vliet, N. Y. He was attorney for the St.
Paul, Minneapolis and Manitoba Railway
Co.; and for the Chicago, Milwaukee and
St. Paul Railway company. He was one
of the commissioners in the construction
of the county courthouse of St. Paul, and
was for many years a director of the
First national bank. He died Nov. 14,
1894, in St. Paul, Minn.
BIGELOW, JACOB, physician, author,
was born Feb. 27, 1787, in Sudbury, Mass.
He was a famous physician of Boston
who established Mount Auburn cemetery.
He was the author of History of Mount
Auburn; A Brief Exposition of Rational
Medicine; Modern Inquiries, classical,
professional, anl miscellaneous; Re
marks on Classical and Utilitarian Stu
dies; American Medical Botany; and Na
ture in Disease. He died Jan. 10, 1879, in
Boston, Mass.
BIGELOW, JOHN, journalist, author,
was born in 1817 in New York. He is a
prominent New York journalist, at one
time United States minister to France,
and in 1875 was elected secretary of the
state of New York. He is the author of
Life of Benjamin Franklin; Life of Wil
liam Cullen Bryant; Life of Samuel Til-
den; Jamaica in 1850; Les Etats Unis
d'Amerique en 1863; Some Recollections
of Antoine Pierre Berryer; France and
Hereditary Monarchy; Wit and Wisdom
of the Haytiens; Molinos the Quietist;
France and the Confederate Navy; an
International Episode; and The Mystery
of Sleep. He has edited complete editions
of the works of Franklin and Tilden.
BIGELOW, JOHN, soldier, author, was
born in 1854 in New York, and is a son of
John Bigelow. He is a United States cav
alry officer, and the author of The Prin
ciples of Strategy, illustrated chiefly from
American campaigns.
BIGELOW, JOHN MILTON, physician,
was born Aug. 22, 1847, in Albany, N. Y.
He has lectured at Albany college since
1869, and has been attending physician to
Albany hospital and to St. Peter's hos
pital for throat and nose diseases; and
also to the Old Men's Home.
BIGELOW, JONATHAN GORDON, sol
dier, lawyer, was born July 16, 1839, in
St. Albans, Maine. He received his edu
cation in the St. Albans and Bloomfleld
academies, and in 1863 graduated from
Amherst college. During 1861-65 he was
a commissioned officer in the federal
army in the civil war. In 1866 he was
admitted to the bar of the supreme judi
cial court of Maine, and since that time
has practiced his profession in the Dis
trict of Columbia.
BIGELOW, LETTIE SALINA, reform
er, editor, poet, was born in 1849, in Pel-
ham, Mass. She is the state superintend
ent of franchise for the Massachusetts
Woman's Christian Temperance union; a
successful lecturer and editor of Holyoke,
Mass.; and the author of a volume of
poems.
BIGELOW, LEWIS, congressman, au
thor, was born in 1783 in Petersham,
Mass. He was a representative in con
gress from his native state from 1821 to
1823; and was the author of the Digest
of the First Twelve Volumes of Massa
chusetts Reports. He died Oct. 3, 1838, in
Peoria, 111.
BIGELOW, MELVILLE MADISON,
lawyer, author, poet, was born Aug. 2,
1846, in Eaton Rapids, Mich. He is a law
yer and law lecturer of Boston, and the
author of The Law of Bills; English Pro
cedure in the Norman Period; The Law
of Fraud; Elements of Equity; Elements
of the Law of Torts; Placita Anglo-
Normannica: Law Cases from William
I. to Richard I. ; Law of Wills, Notes and
Cheques; The Law of Fraud on its Civil
Side; The Law of Estoppel and its Ap
plication to Practice; and Leading Cases
in the Law of Torts. He has also edited
the 8th edition of Story's Conflict of
Laws, and published a volume of poems
entitled Rhymes of a Barrister.
BIGELOW, POULTNEY, author, was
born in 1855, in New York, and is a son
of John Bigelow. He is the author of
The German Emperor and his Eastern
Neighbors; The Borderland of Czar and
Kaiser; History of the German Strug
gle for Liberty; and White Man's Africa.
BIGELOW, ROBERT PAYNE, zoolo
gist, was born July 10, 1863, in Baldwins-
ville, N. Y. He received the degree of S.
B. from Harvard, and the degree of Ph.D.
from the Johns Hopkins university. Since
1893 he has been instructor of biology in
the Massachusetts institute of technology
of Boston; and its librarian since 1895.
In 1897 he became editor of the American
Naturalist.
BIGELOW, TIMOTHY, soldier, was
born Aug. 12, 1739, in Worcester, Mass.
Hearing of the battle of Lexington, he led
a company of minutemen to Cambridge.
He was also at Valley Forge, West Point,
Monmouth, and Yorktown. After the war
Colonel Bigelow had charge of the arsenal
at Springfield. He was one of the origi
nal grantees of Montpelier and a bene
factor of the Leicester, Mass., academy.
He died March 31, 1790, in Worcester,
Mass.
BIGELOW, TIMOTHY, lawyer, legisla
tor, was born April 30, 1767, in Worces
ter, Mass. He was an active federalist;
was elected to the Connecticut legislature
in 1790, and served there twenty years,
eleven years of the time as speaker of
the house. He was also a member of the
Hartford convention in 1814.
BIGGER, SAMUEL, lawyer, legislator,
jurist, governor, was born about 1800 in
Warren county, Ohio. He was a repre
sentative in the Indiana state legislature
in 1834 and 1835, and afterwards judge of
the circuit court. He was governor of
Indiana from 1840 to 1843. The Indiana
hospital was established by his influence.
He died in 1845 in Fort Wayne, Ind.
BIGGS, ASA, lawyer, jurist, United
States senator, was born Feb. 4, 1811, in
Williamstown, N. C. In 1835 he was
elected a member of the constitutional
convention of that state; in 1840, 1842,
and 1844 was elected to the state legisla
ture; and was chosen a member of the
twenty-ninth congress. In 1854 he went
a second time into the state senate; and
was elected a senator in congress in 1854
for six years. In 1858 he became judge of
the United States district court of North
Carolina. He died March 6, 1878, in Nor
folk, Va.
BIGGS, BENJAMIN T., farmer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 1, 1821, in Sum
mit Bridge, jjel. In 1847 he turned his
attention to farming; was a member of
the state constitutional convention of
1852; subsequently took an interest in
railroad operations, and was elected di
rector in a Maryland company. In 1868
he was elected a representative from Del
aware to the forty-first congress.
BIGGS, MARION, farmer, congressman,
was horn May 2, 1823, in Pike county,
Mo. He is a farmer by profession, and
was elected sheriff of Monroe county, Mo.,
in 1852, and re-elected in 1854. He was
elected to the California legislature in
1867, and in 1869. He was elected to the
fiftieth congress, and was re-elected to the
fifty-first congress as a democrat.
BIGGS, WILLIAM HENRY, clergyman,
was born June 23, 1786, in New Milford,
Conn. He was pastor of the First church
of New Haven from 1812 to 1822; and
from 1822 was Dwight professor of didac
tic theology at Yale. He died March 10,
1858, in New Haven, Conn.
BIGLER, DAVID, Moravian bishop, was
born Dec. 26, 1806, in Hagerstown, Mass.
He was a missionary in the West Indies
in 1831-36, and then pastor in Philadel
phia, in New York, and at Bethlehem,
Pa., until made a bishop in 1864. He died
July 2, 1875, in Lancaster, Pa.
BIGLER, JOHN, lawyer, legislator,
governor, was born Jan. 8, 1804, in Cum
berland county, Pa. He moved to Cali
fornia in 1849, and was twice speaker of
the assembly and governor of California
in 1852-56. He died Nov. 30, 1871, in Sac
ramento, Cal.
112
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BIGLER, WILLIAM, journalist, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born
December, 1814, In Shermansburg, Pa. In
1841 he was elected to the state conven
tion; was a member of the state senate
up to 1847, and part of tue time speaker.
In 1851 we was elected governor of Penn
sylvania; and subsequently became presi
dent of the Philadelphia and Erie Rail
road company. In 1855 he was elected a
senator in congress for six years. He
died Aug. 9, 1880, in Clearfield, Pa.
BIGLOW, WILLIAM, educator, author,
was born Sept. 22, 1773, in Natick, Mass.
He was an educator of Boston, and the
author of History of Natick; History of
Sherburne; The Youth's Library; and
Introduction to the Making of Latin. He
died Jan. 12, 1844, in Boston, Mass.
BIQNEY, MARK FREDERICK, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1817, in Nova
Scotia. In 1865 he became managing ed
itor of the New Orleans Times. In 1867
he was one of the founders of the New
Orleans City Item. His only published
work is a volume of poems.
BIGNOLD, LEWIS BRUCE, lawyer,
legislator, was born Feb. 4, 1851, in Eng
land. In 1873 he emigrated to the United
States; for ten years resided in Nebras
ka, and since 1883 has practiced law In
Montesano, Wash. In 1885 he was mayor
of his city; during 1885-87 was city attor
ney; and has since taken an active part
in public affairs. In 1879 he was a mem
ber of the first state republican conven
tion held at Walla Walla.
BIGNON, FLEMING GRANTLAND
DU, lawyer, Jurist, state senator, was
born July 25, 1853, in Milledgevllle, Ga.
From 1877-79 he was county judge of
Baldwin county, Ga.; In 1880 a member
of the state legislature; and in 1882 was
a member of the Georgia state senate.
BIGOT, WILLIAM VALENTINE, cler
gyman, was born Dec. 4, 1838, in Ger
many. He came to the United States in
1847, and was placed in charge of the
large congregation of St. Michael's Lora-
mie of Berlin, Ohio. He built the St. Mi-
cnael's church, which is admired for its
beauty, solidity and minor equipment.
BIKLE, PHILIP M., educator, editor,
was born Dec. 1, 1844, In Smithsburg, Md.
Since 1880 he has been editor of the Luth
eran Quarterly; since 1874 has been pro
fessor in the Pennsylvania college; and
dean since 1889.
BILL, BENEZET HOUGH, lawyer, ju
rist, banker, was born Feb. 26, 1329, in
New Milford, Pa. He received his edu
cation in the aca
demies of Worces
ter and Wilbraham,
Mass.; and the Suf-
fleld literary insti
tution, Connecticut.
He graduated from
the law school in
1854, and the same
year was admitted
to the bar, and has
attained prominence
as an able lawyer of
Rockville, Conn. He
was appointed state's attorney for Tol-
land county In 1869, and held that office
for twenty-four years. He is now the
present judge of the Rockville city court;
corporation counsel for the city; and
president of the savings bank of Rock
ville. Although Mr. Bill has devoted him
self very closely to his profession, he has
taken time to travel extensively on the
American continent and in Europe.
BILL. LEDYARD, journalist, author,
legislator, was born May 14, 1836, in Led-
yard, Conn. After receiving his educa
tion he entered the
publishing business
in Louisville, Ky.;
and subsequently
continued the same
business in New
York. He resides
in Paxton, Mass.,
except when serving
in the legislature as
a member of that
body in Boston —
having served one
term in the house
and two in the senate with the most hon
orable record. In his native city he has
been a power. He started the free pub
lic library; it was at his sole expense that
the soldiers' monument of his native
town was erected; and his name is well
and favorably known throughout the
state. He is the author of A Winter in
Florida; A Work on Minnesota; and A
Genealogy of His Family, which is vir
tually a history of Paxton. He is an en
thusiastic antiquarian, and discovered
that the ancient bell in the village church
of Paxton was made by Paul Revere. He
is president of the Leicester Historical
society, and a prominent member of sev
eral genealogical and historical societies.
BILLINGHURST, CHARLES, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 27, 1818, in
Brighton, N. Y. He moved to Wisconsin
in 1847, and was a member of tne first
legislature of that state in 1848. He was
a presidential elector in 1852; was elected
a representative to the thirty-fourth con
gress from Wisconsin, and was re-elected
to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses. He died Aug. 18, 1865, in Juneau,
Wis.
BILLINGS, ADONIRAM JUDSON, phy
sician, surgeon, state legislator, was born
Dec. 3, 1826, in Newport, Maine. In 1862
he was appointed surgeon of the nine
teenth Maine volunteers; and in 1864
was appointed surgeon of enrollment.
During 1862-68 he served with distinction
as a member of the Maine state legisla
ture. He is one of the foremost physi
cians of New England at Freedom, Maine.
BILLINGS, CHARLES EDWARD, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born in
1825 in South Carolina. He fought in the
civil war, and rose to the rank of colonel
of cavalry in the confederate army. He
was attorney-general of Mississippi in
1865, and was re-elected in 1868. He
served in congress from 1875 to 1883.
BILLINGS, EDWARD C., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in Massachusetts. He re
ceived a collegiate education; studied
law, and engaged in practice, and later
removed to Louisiana, settling at New
Orleans. In 1876 he was appointed
United States district judge for the east
ern district of Louisiana.
BILLINGS, FREDERICK, lawyer, phil
anthropist, was born Sept. 27, 1823, in
Royalton, Vt. His gifts to the university
of Vermont amounted to $250,000; and he
gave $50,000 to D. L. Moody's Mount Her-
mon school for boys, and $50,000 to Am-
herst college. He died Sept. 30, 1890, in
Woodstock, Vt.
BILLINGS, GEORGE HERRICK, met
allurgist, inventor, was born Feb. 8, 1845,
in Taunton, Mass. Since 1862 his atten
tion has been occupied with the study
and practice of iron metallurgy and its
chemistry. Of late he has been the gen
eral manager of the Norway Iron and
Steel company in Boston. He has invent
ed improved forms of machinery for the
manufacture of iron and steel, principally
appliances for drawing iron and steel bars
for shafting and finishing rods.
BILLINGS, HAMMATT, architect, was
born Nov. 14, 1784, in Boston, Mass. He
lived in Boston for many years, and de
signed numerous churches and public
buildings throughout the United States.
The Pilgrims' monument at Plymouth,
and the case of the great organ in Boston
music hall were after his designs. He
died Nov. 14, 1874, in Boston, Mass.
BILLINGS, JOHN SHAW, surgeon, au
thor, was born in 1838 in Indiana In 1894
he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel
and deputy surgeon-general of the United
States army. Upon the consolidation of
the New York city libraries, he was made
chief librarian. His chief work is a vol
uminous Index Catalogue of the Library
of the Surgeon-General's Office. Others
are Hygienics of the United States Army
Barracks; Mortality and Vital Statistics
of the United States Army.
BILLINGS, SIMEON R., farmer, civil
engineer, state senator, was born March
17, 1835, in Orleans county, N. Y. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the common schools, and graduated from
the Albion academy. In 1867 he moved
to Michigan; has filled numerous offices
of trust in Richfield; was county surveyor
for six years; a member of the state leg
islature during 1875-78, and state senator
during 1879-81. In 1893 he was appointed
commissioner of railroads, and received
the reappointment to the same office in
1895, serving four years.
BILLINGS, WILLIAM, composer, was
born Oct. 7, 1746, in Boston, Mass. He
was a zealous patriot, and during the
revolution produced a number of patriotic
pieces, including Lamentation Over Bos
ton; Retrospect; Independence; and Co
lumbia, as well as verses set to the air of
Chester, which were popular in the camps
of the revolutionary army. He died Sept.
26, 1800, in Boston, Mass.
BILLINGSLEY, AMOS STEVENS, cler
gyman, author, was born Nov. 14, 1818,
near East Palestine, Ohio. In 1847 he
graduated from the
Jefferson college,
Pennsylvania; and
in 1850 from the Al
legheny Theological
seminary. He filled
many important
pastorates; was
home missionary in
Nebraska and Colo
rado; was chaplain
in the army, and'
promoted to United
States chaplain. He
was president of the board of trustees of
Biddle university. He was the author of
Christianity in the War; Life of Rever
end George Whitfield; Sources of Pulpit
Power. He died Oct. 12, 1897, in States-
ville, N. C.
BILLOW, GARRETT A., professor of
dental pathology, was born Aug. 29, 1864,
in Shelby, Ohio. For many years he was
engaged in educational work, and is a
graduate of the Ohio College of Dental
Surgery. Since 1892 he has been profess
or of dental pathology, materia medica
and therapeutics in the Ohio medical uni
versity of Columbus; and is prominent
in various dental societies and contrib
utes extensively to current literature on
pathological subjects.
BINES, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1814 to 1815, and again
from 1819 to 1820.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
113
BINGHAM, CHARLES, clergyman,
poet, was born June 16, 1828, in Geneseo,
N. Y. He has been a clergyman since
1870, and now fills a pastorate in the First
congregational church of Daytona, Pla.
BINGHAM, EDWARD FRANKLIN,
lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born Aug.
13, 1828, in Concord, Vt. He received his
education in the select and public schools
and Peacham academy in Vermont, and at
Marietta college, Ohio. During 1850-55 he
was prosecuting attorney of Vinton, Ohio;
and served as a representative in the
Ohio legislature in 1855-57. In 1860 he
was a delegate to the democratic national
convention of Charleston, S. C., and Bal
timore by adjournment. For several years
he was a member of the board of educa
tion of Columbus, Ohio; city solicitor
during 1867-71; chairman of the demo
cratic examining committee of Ohio in
1868, and as such conducted the cam
paign of that year. In 1873 he was elect
ed common pleas and district court judge,
was twice re-elected and served until
1887, when he was appointed by the p*resi-
dent of the United States as chief justice
of the supreme court, District of Colum
bia, in which office he is now serving. In
1881 he was the nominee of the democrat
ic state convention of Ohio for supreme
judge of that state.
BINGHAM, HARRY, lawyer, legislator,
author, was born March 30, 1821, in Con
cord, Vt. He graduated in 1843 from
Dartmouth college;
and since 1846 has
been engaged in the
practice of law.
During 1862-68,
1871-79, and also in
1881, 1889 and 1891
he was a member of
the New Hampshire
house of representa
tives for Littletown,
and during 1883-87
was a member of the
state senate. In 1876
he was a member of the constitutional
convention. He was a delegate to the re
publican national conventions of 1868,
1872, 1880, 1884 and 1892, and in all these
conventions he was a member of the com
mittee on resolutions. He is the author
of a number of works on legal, biographi
cal and general topics, and various ad
dresses and articles on important sub
jects.
BINGHAM, HENRY H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 4, 1841, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He entered the union army
as a lieutenant in the one hundred and
fortieth Pennsylvania volunteers; was
wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., in 1863, at
Spottsylvania, Va., in 1864, and at Farm-
ville, Va., in 1865; and was mustered out
of service July, 1866, as brevet brigadier-
general of volunteers. He was appointed
postmaster of Philadelphia in 1867; and
was delegate at large to the republican
national convention at Philadelphia in
1872, also delegate from the first congres
sional district to the republican national
convention at Cincinnati in 1876, at Chi
cago in 1884 and 1888, at Minneapolis in
1892, and at St. Louis in 1896. He was
elected to the forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-
first, fifty-second, fifty-third, and fifty-
fourth congresses and re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
BINGHAM, JENNIE M., author, was
born March 16, 1859, in Fulton, N. Y. She
is the author of two books entitled An
nals of the Round Table; and All Glo
rious Within.
8
BINGHAM, JOEL FOOTE, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 11, 1827,
in Andover, Conn. In 1867 he was pas
tor of the First parish church at Augusta,
Maine; in 1871 had charge as rector of St.
John's church of Portsmouth, N. H., and
St. James church of New London, Conn.
He is the author of Mediaeval Myth, Mel
ody and Mirth; and Historic Cameos of
Gaul, Celt and Saracen.
BINGHAM, JOHN A., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1815 in Pennsylvania.
In 1854 he was elected a representative
from Ohio in the thirty-fourth congress;
and was re-elected to the thirty-fifth,
thirty-sixth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-
first and forty-second congresses.
BINGHAM, JUDSON DAVID, soldier,
was born May 16, 1831, in Massena
Springs, N. Y. He took part in the sup
pression of John Brown's raid at Har
per's Ferry in 1859. In 1865 he was bre-
vetted brigadier-general for faithful and
meritorious services during the rebellion.
After the war he was successively chief
quartermaster of the department of the
lakes, assistant quartermaster-general at
Washington, being in charge of the bu
reau a part of the time, as commissioner
to audit the Kansas war accounts, and as
chief quartermaster with the rank of lieu
tenant-colonel at the headquarters of the
division of the Pacific and the depart
ment of the Missouri, and from 1886, at
Chicago, 111., as chief quartermaster of the
division of the Missouri.
BINGHAM, KINSLEY S., lawyer, ju
rist, United States senator, governor, was
born Dec. 16, 1808, in Camillus, N. Y. He
was elected to the Michigan legislature in
1835, and was five years a member of that
body — three years as speaker. He was a
representative in congress from Michigan
from 1847 to 1851; was elected governor
of Michigan in 1854 and 1856; and also
held in other years the offices of postmas
ter, supervisor, prosecuting attorney,
judge of probate, and brigadier-general of
militia. In 1859 he was elected a senator
in congress from Michigan, for six years.
He died Oct. 5, 1861, in Oak Grove, Mich.
BINGHAM, WILLIAM, educator, au
thor, was born in 1835 in North Carolina.
In 1856 he graduated from the university
of North Carolina and succeeded to the
management of a classical school at Me-
banesville, N. C., which had been conduct
ed with success by his father and grand
father. He has published A Grammar of
the Latin Language; A Grammar of lue
English Language; and Caesar's Com
mentaries, with Notes and a Vocabulary.
BINGHAM, WILLIAM, United States
senator, was born in 1751 in Philadelphia,
Pa. He graduated at the college of Phila
delphia in 1768; was agent for this coun
try at Martinique during the revolution;
and in 1786 was a delegate to the conti
nental congress from Pennsylvania. He
was elected a senator in congress in 1795.
He died Feb. 7, 1804, in England.
BINKLEY, LILLIE, educator, poet,
was born Dec. 9, 1869, in Atchison coun
ty, Kan. She is a successful educator of
Atchison, Kan.; and has contributed
poems to Texas Sittings, and the periodi
cal press generally.
BINMANN, ADOLPH, farmer, soldier,
public official, was born Nov. 19, 1842, in
Norway. He was collector of internal
revenue for the district of Minnesota dur
ing 1885-90; and is now state auditor of
Minnesota. He served three years as a
soldier during the civil war; was demo
cratic nominee for congress in 1882 and
in 1884; and for governor of Minnesota
in 1883.
BINNEY, AMOS, physician, author, was
born Oct. 18, 1803, in Boston, Mass. He
\\as a once prominent physician and nat
uralist of Boston, and the author of Ter
restrial Air-Breathing Mollusks of the
United States. He died Feb. 18, 1847, in
Rome, Italy.
BINNEY, HORACE, jurist, congress
man, author, was born Jan. 4, 1780, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a noted jurist
of Philadelphia. He was a member of the
Pennsylvania legislature in 1806-07; and
a representative in congress in 1833-35.
He was the author of Reports of Cases in
the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1799-
1814; Leaders of the Old Bar of Phila
delphia; and Inquiry Into the Formation
of Washington's Farewell Address. He
died Aug. 12, 1875, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BINNEY, JOSEPH GETCHELL, college
president, was born Nov. 4, 1778, in Mil-
ford, Mass. In 1822 he accepted the chair
of theology in Waterville college, and re
mained there until 1828, when he became
president of the Columbian college. He
died Oct. 1, 1845.
BINNEY, WILLIAM GREENE, con-
chologist, author, was born in 1833, in
Massachusetts. He is a well-known con-
chologist of Burlington, N. J. Besides
completing his father's work on mollusks
he has written Bibliography of North
American Conchology; Land and Fresh
Water Shells of North America; and
Catalogues of the Terrestrial Air-Breath
ing Mollusks of North America.
BINNS, JOHN, journalist, author, was
born Dec. 22, 1772, in Ireland. From 1807
to 1829 he conducted, at Philadelphia, the
Democratic Press, the leading paper in the
state. He was for twenty years an alder
man of Philadelphia. In 1854 he pub
lished Recollections of the Life of John
Binns; Twenty-nine Years in Europe, and
Fifty-three in the United States. He was
also the author of Binns' Magistrate's
Manual. He died June 16, 1860, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
BIRCH, THOMAS, artist, was born in
1779, in London, England. During the war
of 1812 he executed a series of historical
paintings, representing the naval victo
ries of the United States. He also paint
ed landscapes, particularly snow scenes.
The Harrison collection in Philadelphia
contains his paintings of the engagement
between the United States and the Mace
donian, and between the Constitution
and the Guerriere. Three of his marine
views are in the Claghorn collection. He
died Jan. 14, 1851, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BIRCKHEAD, WILLIAM H., poet. He
is the author of a volume of poems enti
tled Changing Moods.
BIRD, FREDERICK MAYER, clergy
man, author, was born June 28, 1838, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is an episcopal
clergyman widely known as an hymnolo-
gist. He has edited The Lutheran Minis-
terium Hymns; Songs of the Spirit;
published Charles Wesley Seen in His
Finer and Less Familiar Pieces; and con
tributed extensively to the critical litera
ture of his subject.
BIRD, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born in Litchfield, Conn. He was
early distinguished at the bar of New
York state and in the legislature; and
was a representative in congress from
1799 to 1801.
BIRD, JOHN T., lawyer, congressman,
was born Aug. 16, 1829, in Hunterdon
county, N. J. In 1863 he was appointed
prosecuting attorney for Hunterdon coun
ty for five years; and in 1868 was elected
a representative from New Jersey to the
forty-first congress; and re-elected to the
forty-second congress.
114
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BIRD, ROBERT MONTGOMERY, au
thor, was born in 1803, in Newcastle, Del.
His Nick of the Wood was his most popu
lar work. His two Mexican stories, Cala-
var: a Knight of the Conquest; and The
Infidel, or the Fall of Mexico, were com
mended by the historian Prescott. His
other works include Peter Pilgrim, a col
lection of tales and sketches, notable as
containing almost the earliest description
of the Mammoth Cave; Sheppard Lee;
The Hawks of Hawk Hollow; Adventures
of Robin Day; and three successful dra
mas, The Broker of Bogota; Oraoosa; and
The Gladiator. He died Jan. 22, 1854, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BIRDSALL, AUSBURN, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress, from that state,
from 1847 to 1849; and was subsequently
appointed naval storekeeper in New York
city.
BIRDSALL, JAMES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress, from
New York, from 1815 to 1817; and was a
member of the assembly of that state in
1837.
BIRDSALL, SAMUEL, congressman.
He was a representative in congress, fr"om
New York, from 1837 to 1839.
BIRDSALL, WILLIAM RANDALL,
physician, author, was born Jan. 1, 1852,
in Greene, N. Y. He was graduated in
medicine at the university of Michigan in
1876, entered upon practice in New York
city, subsequently studied neurology in
Europe, and after his return was engaged
as a clinical teacher on nervous diseases.
Besides articles in medical journals and
cyclopedias, he has written Electro-Ther
apeutics and Electro-Diagnosis.
BIRDSELL, JOHN C., manufacturer,
was born March 31, 1815, in Westchester
county, N. Y. He was actively engaged In
devising new improvements on the ma
chinery for threshing and hulling clover.
BIRDSEYE, GEORGE, author, poet,
was born Nov. 21, 1844, in New York
city. The first volume of poems from his
pen was entitled Woman and the War;
and in 1892 appeared Vanities in Verse.
He is the author of numerous popular
songs, and a regular contributor to cur
rent publications.
BIRDSEYE, VICTORY, state senator,
congressman. He was a representative
in congress, from New York, from 1815 to
1817, and again from 1841 to 1843; a dele
gate to the state constitutional conven
tion of 1821; and a state senator in 1821
and 1829, as well as member of the as
sembly for three years. He died Sept. 16,
1853.
BIRGE, EDWARD ASAHEL, educator,
zoologist, was born Sept. 7, 1851, in Troy,
N. Y. He received the degrees of A. B.
and A. M. from Williams college; and the
degree of Ph.D. from Howard university.
He is a successful educator and writer on
Crustacea and life of fresh water lakes.
He is professor of zoology in the univer
sity of Wisconsin, and dean of the col
lege of letters and science of the same in
stitution.
BIRGE, HENRY WARNER, soldier,
was born Aug. 25, 1825, in Hartford,
Conn. Before the surrender of this
stronghold General Birge vdlunteered to
organize and lead a volunteer battalion
to carry the confederate works by as
sault. His services were recognized by
the brevet of major-general of volunteers,
and by a vote of thanks from the legisla
ture of his native state. He died June 1,
1888, in New York city.
BIRKBECK, MORRIS, traveler, author,
purchased 16,000 acres of land in Illinois,
founded the town of New Albion, and re
sided there. When the state was organ
ized in 1818 he opposed the introduction
of slavery into it. He was the author of
Notes on a Journey Through France; and
Notes on a Journey in America, in which
he gave sanguine accounts of Illinois; and
of Letters from Illinois. He was drowned
while returning from a visit to Robert
Owen at New Harmony, Ind. He died in
1825.
BIRKMIRE, WILLIAM HARVEY, ar
chitect, engineer, author, was born June
25, 1860, at Falls of Schuylkill, Philadel
phia, Pa. He was educated in the public
and private schools of Philadelphia, stud
ied architecture four years with Samuel
Sloan, 'architect and author, and at the
same time graduated from the Philadel
phia Academy of Music. In 1885 he re
moved to New York to take charge of the
construction department of the Jackson
architectural iron works; and in 1892 of
the J. B. and J. M. Cornell iron works,
the largest architectural iron works in
America; and during this time he made
the practical steel details for large com
mercial buildings and the Astor hotels.
During 1894-98 he was architect and en
gineer for John T. Williams on the Cen
tral bank building, the Silk exchange
building, Lord's court building, and many
other prominent buildings in New York
city. He is the author of The Planning
and Construction of High Office Build
ings; Skeleton Construction in Buildings;
Architectural Iron and Steel; The Plan
ning and Construction of American Thea
ters; and other works.
BIRNEY, DAVID BILL, soldier, was
born May 29, 1825, in nuntsville, Ala.
He enlisted in the U. S. army during the
civil war; was first made brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers and afterward pro
moted major-general of volunteers. He
died Oct. 18, 1864, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BIRNEY, JAMES, state senator, gov
ernor, was born June 7, 1817, in Dan
ville, Ky. He was a state senator in
Michigan in 1859, and was lieutenant-
governor of the state and acting governor
in 1861-63. He was appointed by Presi
dent Grant, in 1876, minister at the
Hague, and held that office until 1882.
BIRNEY, JAMES GILLESPIE, states
man, author, was born Feb. 4, 1792, in
Danville, Ky. He was a statesman famous
for his opposition to slavery, and the au
thor of Ten Letters on Slavery and Colo
nization; Addresses . and Speeches; and
American Churches the Bulwarks of
American Slavery, are among his writ
ings. He died Nov. 25, 1857, in Perth
Amboy, N. J.
BIRNEY, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
author, was born May 28, 1819, near
Huntsville, Ala. He received his educa
tion at the Greene
academy, Centre col
lege, Miami univer-
• !• sity, and Yale col
lege. During the war
(£J he served as a pri
vate, captain, major,
lieutenant colonel
and colonel in the
B New Jersey volun
teers; and was brig
adier-general and
brevet major-gener
al in the United
States volunteers. He is a successful
lawyer of Columbia, Washington, D. C.,
and the author of several books.
BISBEE, FREDERICK A., clergyman,
author, poet, was born Feb. 28, 1855, in
Nunda, N. Y. He is a distinguished cler
gyman of the unlversalist church of Phil
adelphia, Pa.; the editor of The Christian
Leader; and the author of a number of
excellent short stories and poems.
BISBEE, HORATIO, JR., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born May 1, 1839,
in Canton, Maine. He entered the union
army in 1861 as a private and rose to the
rank of colonel. He located at Jackson
ville, Fla., and commenced the practice of
law there in 1865; was United States dis
trict attorney from 1869 to 1873; and was
for a short time attorney-general of the
state. He was elected a representative
from Florida to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, forty-seventh and forty-eighth con
gresses.
BISHOP, JAMES, merchant, congress
man, was born in New Brunswick, N. J.
He was bred, a merchant; and served in
tiie legislature of his native state; and
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1855 to j.oo7.
BISHOP, JAMES REMSEN, educator,
was born Sept. 17, 1860, in New Bruns
wick, N. J. He undertook the difficult
task of building up the preparatory school
founded by Henry E. Marquand in Prince
ton. Success beyond all expectations re
warded his novel methods of school gov
ernment and instruction. He was chosen
principal in 1896 of the Walnut Hills high
school in Cincinnati, Ohio.
BISHOP, JOEL PRENTISS, jurist, au
thor, was born in 1814 in Volney, N. Y.
He is an eminent jurist of Boston, and
the author of Commentaries on Criminal
Law; Marriage and Divorce; The Law of
Married Women; Thoughts for the
Times; First Book of the Law; Directions
and Forms; Criminal Procedure; Statu
tory Crimes; Prosecution and Defense;
and The Written Laws.
BISHOP, LEVI, lawyer, author, poet,
was born Oct. 15, 1815, in Russell, Mass.
He was elected justice of the peace in
1842, and from 1846^ till 1858 was presi
dent of the Detroit board of education.
The largest school building in Detroit
now bears his name, and he was a regent
of the state university from 1857 till 1863.
He was much interested in the early his
tory of the west, organized the Detroit
Pioneer society in 1871, and was its presi
dent till his death. He lectured occasion
ally on literary topics, and published The
Dignity of Labor, a poem; and Teuchsa
Grondie, a poem in twenty-eight cantos,
devoted to the Indian lore of Detroit river
in 1870. He died Dec. 23, 1881, in Detroit,
Mich.
BISHOP, NATHANIEL HOLMES, au
thor, was born in 1837 in Massachusetts.
He is a writer of entertaining travels,
and the author of A Thousand Miles'
Walk Across South America; The Voyage
of the Paper Canoe; and Four Months in
a Sneak Box.
BISHOP, PHANUEL, state senator,
congressman. From 1787 to 1791 he was
a member of the Massachusetts state sen
ate; and in 1792, 1793, 1797, and 1798, a
representative in the. state legislature. He
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from Ii99 to 1807.
BISHOP, RICHARD M., merchant, gov
ernor, was born Nov. 4, 1812, in Flem
ing county, Ky. In 1848 he removed to
Cincinnati, Ohio, and engaged in the
wholesale grocery business; was remark
ably successful, and amassed a fortune.
In 1857 he was elected a member of the
city council of Cincinnati, and in 1858 be
came president of the council; and in 1859
was elected mayor of the city for a term
of two years. In 1873 he was a member
of the Ohio state constitutional conven
tion; and in'1877 was elected governor of
Ohio.
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
115
BISHOP, ROBERT HAMILTON, cler
gyman, author, was born July 26, 1777, in
Scotland. He was a presbyterian clergy
man of Ohio, and president of Miami uni
versity, in 1824-41. He was the author of
Sermons; Elements of Logic; Philosophy
of the Bible; Science of Government;
Western Peacemaker; and Memoirs of
David Rice. He died April 29, 1855, in
College Hill, Ohio.
BISHOP, ROSEWELL P., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Jan. 6, 1843,
in Sidney, N. Y. In 1861 he enlisted as
a private in com
pany C, forty-third
New York volunteer
infantry; and in
1862, he was wound
ed at Lees Mills, Va.,
necessitating the
amputation of his
right arm. He com
menced practicing
law at Ludington,
Mich., and was elect
ed prosecuting at
torney of Mason
county in 1876, 1878, and 1884. He was
elected to the Michigan legislature in 1882
and 1892, and was elected to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a republican.
BISHOP, SETH SCOTT, physician, sur
geon, author, was born Feb. 7, 1852, in
Fond du Lac, Wis. He has been profes
sor of Chicago post graduate medical
school and hospital; professor in the Illi
nois medical college; surgeon to the
Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear infirmary;
and consulting surgeon to the Silver Cross
hospital of Joliet. He has invented num
erous surgical instruments and apparatus,
in general use by the medical profession.
BISHOP, WILLIAM D., lawyer, railroad
president, congressman, was born Sept.
4, 1827, in Bloomfield, N. J. He graduat
ed at Yale college in 1849; studied law
as a profession, but soon engaged almost
exclusively in railroad business, being for
several years president of the Naugatuck
railroad company; and was elected a rep
resentative to the thirty-fifth congress
from Connecticut. In 1859, was appointed
commissioner of patents. In 1866 he was
again elected to the state legislature.
BISHOP, WILLIAM HENRY, educator,
author, was born Jan. 7, 1847, in Hart
ford, Conn. He is a professor in Yale
university, and the author of Fish and
Men in the Maine Islands; A Househunt-
er in Europe; Writing to Rosina: a
novelette; A Pound of Cure: a Story of
Monte Carlo; Detmold; The House of a
Merchant Prince; The Golden Justice;
Choy Susan and Other Stories; The
Brown Stone Boy and Other Queer Peo
ple; Old Mexico and her Lost Provinces,
a volume of travel; and The Garden of
Eden.
BISPHAM, HENRY COLLINS, artist,
was born in 1841, in Philadelphia, Pa. In
1869 he sent to the national academy On
the Campagna; To the Front; and Noon
day Rest. In 1875 he exhibited A Misty
Day; and in 1878 Tigris, and Landscape
and Cattle. He excels in pastoral cattle-
scenes and in wild landscapes with ani
mals. Among his other paintings are
Dead in the Desert; Roman Bull; The
Wine-Cart; The Raid; Hunted Down;
Crouching Lion; and The Stampede.
BISSELL, CLARK, lawyer, jurist, gov
ernor, was born in 1782 in Lebanon, Conn.
He graduated at Yale college in 1806;
studied law and settled at Norwalk. From
1829 to 1839 he was judge of the supreme
court of the state; in 1847 and 1848 was
governor of the state; and was Kent pro
fessor of law in Yale college from 1847
to 1855. He died Sept. 15, 1857, in Nor
walk, Conn.
BISSELL, EDWIN CONE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1832, in New York.
He is a congregational clergyman of Chi
cago, and the author of Analysis of the
Codes; The Historic Origin of the Bible;
The Pentateuch: its Origin and Structure;
Biblical Antiquities; Practical Introduc
tory Hebrew Grammar; and Genesis
Printed in Colours, showing original
sources of compilation.
BISSELL, GEORGE HENRY, lawyer,
was born Nov. 8, 1821, in Hanover, N. H.
He retained his connection with the oil
industry for many years, built a railroad
in the oil regions and established several
banks there. He died Nov. 19, 1884, in
New York city.
BISSELL, HERBERT PORTER, law
yer, was born Aug. 30, 1856, in New Lon
don, N. Y. In 1886 he joined the partner
ship of Brundage, Weaver & Bissell; and
in 1887 became a member of the firm of
Bissell, Sicard, Brundage & Bissell, with
which he is still connected. He is a trus
tee to several colleges; and the president
and founder of the Cleveland democracy
of Buffalo.
BISSELL, J. B., jurist. He is a judge
of the court of appeals of Colorado.
BISSELL, JOSEPH BIDLEMAN, phy
sician, was born Sept. 3, 1859, in Lake-
ville, Conn. He received the appointment
of instructor of surgery at the New York
Polyclinic in 1886, and in 1889 at the New
York post graduate medical schools and
hospitals. In 1895 he received the ap
pointment of chief surgeon to the out
door department of St. Vincent's hospital,
with surgical work in the wards of the
hospital.
BISSELL, JOHN WILLIAM, clergyman,
educator, college president, was born Aug.
4, 1843, in Canada. He received his edu
cation at the Northwestern university and
graduated in 1867. He became professor
of Latin and Greek in the Northern In
diana college in 1868; was principal of
Brookston academy in 1869; and since
1873 has been president of the Upper
Iowa university of Fayette.
BISSELL, JOSIAH WOLCOTT, engin
eer, was born May 12, 1818, in Rochester,
N. Y. He was engaged before the civil
war in banking, and in architectural and
engineering work. During the war he
was colonel of an engineer regiment at
tached to Gen. Pope's army, and super
intended the construction of the canal
that enabled the national gun-boats to ap
proach the confederate works on Island
No. 10 in Mississippi river.
BISSELL, MELVILLE R.. inventor,
manufacturer, was born Sept. 25, 1843, in
Hartwick, N. Y. He was the inventor of
the Bissell carpet sweeper. In 1883 he or
ganized a stock company for manufactur
ing his carpet sweeper, and the business
increased until it became the largest of
its kind in the world. He died March 15,
1889, in Grand Rapids, Mich.
BISSELL, PELHAM ST. GEORGE,
capitalist, was born Dec. 5, 1858, in New
York city. The Adirondacks Pulp com
pany was organized by him, afterward
being merged in The International Pulp
company.
BISSELL, SIMON B., naval officer, was
born Oct. 28, 1808, in Vermont. He was
attached to the sloop Albany, during the
war with Mexico; and was present at the
siege of Vera Cruz. He served with dis
tinction through the civil war and was
promoted to commodore. He died Feb.
18, 1883, in Paris, France.
BISSELL, WILLIAM H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, governor, was born
April 25, 1811, in Hartwick, N. Y. In 1840
he was elected to the Illinois state legis
lature. In 1844 was elected a prosecut
ing attorney. He served with distinction
in the Mexican war; was a representative
in congress from Illinois from 1849 to
1855; and in 1856 was elected governor of
Illinois for four years. He died March
18, 1860, in Springfield, 111.
BISSELL, WILLIAM HENRY AUGUS
TUS, bishop, was born Nov. 14, 1814, in
Randolph, Vt. He was elected Protestant
Episcopal bishop of Vermont, and conse
crated in Christ's church, Montpelier,
June 3, 1868.
BISSELL, WILSON SHANNON, post
master general, was born Dec. 31, 1847, in
New London, N. Y. He is a leading law
yer of the state of New York at Buffalo;
and a director in several railroad com
panies.
BITTENBENDER, ADA M. COLE, law
yer, reformer, was born Aug. 3, 1848, in
Bradford county, Pa. In 1881-82 she was
secretary and president of the Nebraska
State Suffrage association; and from 1879-
82 was editor of the Record and Polk
County Farmers' Alliance. During 1887-
92 she was superintendent of the legal de
partment of the National Woman's Chris
tian Temperance union; and since 1894
has been president of Uncle Sam's Anti-
Drunkard Factory concern of Lincoln,
Neb.
BITTENBENDER, HENRY CLAY,
journalist, lawyer, reformer, was born
June 19, 1851, in Afton, Pa. He received
his education in the Bloomsbury normal
college, Gettysburg college, and the
Princeton college, N. J. He has attained
prominence as a bright journalist and
able lawyer of Lincoln, Neb. He has been
secretary of the prohibition party of Ne
braska; and is the secretary of Uncle
Sam's Anti-Drunkard Factory concern, of
which his wife is president.
BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRAN
CIS, sculptor, was born Dec. 6, 1867, in
Austria. He has attained success as a
sculptor. Among his works that have
claimed the attention of the public is the
sculpture on the administration building
and manufactures and liberal arts build
ing of the World's Columbian exposition
of Chicago, 111.
BITTINGER, JOHN LAWRENCE,
journalist, statesman, was born Nov. 28,
1833, near Chambersburg, Pa. He re
ceived his education in the common
schools of Ohio, and removed to Missouri
in 1855. During 1861-65 he was postmas
ter of St. Joseph; was a member of the
twenty-second, twenty-sixth, twenty-
seventh, and twenty-eighth, and thirty-
eighth and thirty-ninth general assem
blies of Missouri; and has always taken
an active part in the public affairs of his
city, county and state. He was a dele
gate to the republican national conven
tions of 1872 and 1896; and in 1897 was
appointed consul-general at Montreal,
Canada. He is also a successful journal
ist, and since 1860 has been the editor and
owner of The Herald of St. Joseph, Mo.
BIXBY, JAMES THOMPSON, clergy
man, author, was born July 30, 1843, in
Barre, Mass. He has filled important
pastorates in the Unitarian church in
Massachusetts, Maine, Pennsylvania, and
New York; and during 1879-83 was pro
fessor of religious philosophy in the
Meadville theological school. He is the
author of Religion and Science as Allies;
and The Crisis in Morals.
116
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BIXBY, JOHN MUNSON, lawyer, au
thor, was born in February, 1800, in Fair-
field, Conn. He was a lawyer of New
York city, whose two novels were issued
under a pseudonym. He was the author
of Standish the Puritan; and Overing, or
the Heir of Wycherly. He died Nov. 22,
1876, in New York.
BIXBY, MOSES HOMAN, missionary,
clergyman, was born Aug. 20, 1827, in
Warren, N. H. He received the rudiments
of his education in the public schools of
his native city; attended Newbury semin
ary, Derby academy, and Montreal col
lege; received the degree of A. M. from
Dartmouth college, and the degree of D.
D. from the Central university of Iowa.
He first served four years as a pastor in
Vermont; then for twelve years was a
missionary in Burmah, India, and for the
past thirty-three years has been a pastor
in the Baptist church of Providence, R. I.
BIXBY, SAMUEL M., manufacturer,
was born May 27, 1833, in Haverhill, N.
H. He has made his name famous as
manufacturer of shoe blacking; his busi
ness grew to gigantic proportions and
now occupies the whole of an imposing
structure; and extends to every quarter
of the habitable globe.
BLACK, ALEXANDER, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1859, in New York. He
is a Brooklyn journalist, and literary
editor of the Brooklyn Times. He is the
author of The Story of Ohio; Photo
graphy Indoors and Out; Miss Jerry, and
a Picture Play.
BLACK, CHARLES C., lawyer, author,
was born July 29, 1858, in Mount Holly,
N. J. Since 1881 he has practiced law in
Jersey City; and since 1891 has been a
member of the state board of taxation.
He is the author of Proof and Pleadings
in Accident Cases; and New Jersey Law
of Taxation.
BLACK, EDWARD J., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1806 in Beaufort, S. C.
He commenced his public life by going
into the Georgia state legislature, where
he served for several years; and was
elected a representative in congress from
Georgia in 1838, remaining there until
1845. He died in 1846 in Barnwell, S. C.
BLACK, FRANK S., lawyer, congress
man, governor, was born March 8, 1853,
in Llmington, Maine. He was editor of
the Johnstown Journal for a short time
after graduating from Dartmouth; then
removed to Troy, where he studied law
and was a newspaper reporter. He was
admitted to the bar in 1879 and since
that time has followed his profession in
Troy. He was elected to the fifty-fourtn
congress as a republican; and has filled
the high office of governor of the state
of New York.
BLACK, GEORGE R., soldier, lawyer,
United States senator, was born March
24, 1835, in Scriver county, Ga. He divid
ed his attention between the law and
agriculture; and served in the confeder
ate army during the war of the rebellion,
rising to the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
He was a delegate to the state constitu
tional convention of 1865; and also to
the democratic national convention of
1872. He was a state senator from 1874
to 1877; and was elected a representative
from Georgia to the forty-seventh con
gress.
BLACK, HENRY, jurist, congressman,
was born Feb. 25, 1783, in Somerset coun
ty. Pa. He was the father of Judge J. S.
Black. In 1815 he was elected to the state
legislature, and for three successive years
afterwards. In 1820 he was appointed an
associate judge of his county, and held the
office for twenty years. In 1841 he was
chosen to fill the seat in congress to fill
a vacancy. He died Nov. 28, 1841.
BLACK, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1847.
BLACK, JAMES, prohibitionist, author,
was born Sept. 23, 1823, in Lewisburg, Pa.
He was a noted Pennsylvania advocate of
temperance who was the presidential
nominee of the prohibitionists in 1872. He
is the author of Is Prohibition a Neces
sity; History of the Prohibition Party;
and The Prohibition Party.
BLACK, JAMES A., soldier, congress
man, was born in South Carolina. He
served as a captain in the war of 1812;
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1843 to the time of his
death. He died April 5, 1848, in Wash
ington, D. C.
BLACK, JAMES C. C., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 9, 1842, in
Stamping Ground, Ky. He was a private
soldier in company A, ninth Kentucky
cavalry, confederate army; and was ad
mitted to the bar in 1866. He was elected
to the fifty-third congress over Thomas
E. Watson, and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a democrat over Wat
son, but declined to enter on the term and
resigned March 4, 1895; and was re-elect
ed at a special election held October 2,
1895.
BLACK, JAMES FRED, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 20, 1859, in Nova
Scotia. He has attained success as a
clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church; has been secretary of the Al-
gona district conference for five terms;
and now fills a pastorate in Anamosa,
Iowa. He is the author of The Bible Way,
and contributes extensively to religious
literature.
BLACK, JAMES RUSH, physician, sur
geon, author, was born March 3, 1827,
near Glasgow, Scotland. During the war
he was surgeon in the one hundred and
thirteenth regiment Ohio volunteer in
fantry, and director of Gen. Gilbert's
staff; and later became professor of hy
giene in the Ohio Medical college. He is
the author of Ten Laws of Health; and
has contributed numerous articles on hy
giene to current literature.
BLACK, JEREMIAH S., jurist, was
born Jan. 10, 1810, in Glades, Pa. In 1842
he was appointed presiding judge of the
judicial district in which he lived; in
1851 was elected to the bench of the state
supreme court, and made chief justice;
and was re-elected in 1854. In 1857 he
became attorney-general of the United
States; and was secretary of state in
1860-61, when he resumed the practice of
law. He died Aug. 9, 1883, In York, Pa.
BLACK, JOHN, congressman. He was
at one time a resident of Louisiana, but
removing to Mississippi, was elected a
senator in congress, from 1832 to 1838. He
died Aug. 29, 1854, in Winchester, Va.
BLACK, JOHN, state legislator, was
born in France. He has lived in America
since 1846, and in Milwaukee since 1857.
He has always been a democrat, and has
twice received the party nomination for
congress. He was a member of the Wis
consin state legislature; and served with
distinction as mayor of Milwaukee.
BLACK, JOHN, diplomatist, was born
in 1792 in New York. He was for forty
years a resident of Mexico, where he was
a consul of the United States, and also
minister resident there during the Mexi
can war. He died Nov. 19. 1873, in Al
bany, N. Y.
BLACK, JOHN CHARLES, soldier,
lawyer, was born Jan. 27, 1839, in Lexing
ton, Miss. He graduated from the Wa-
bash college of Crawfordsville. During
the civil war he served as colonel in the
thirty-seventh Illinois volunteers; and
was brevetted brigadier-general United
States volunteers. He was commissioner
of pensions, congressman-at-large from Il
linois; and United States attorney for
the northern district of Illinois. He is
best known as an eminent lawyer, prac
ticing in Chicago and before the depart
ment in Washington, and in the supreme
courts of Illinois and the United States.
BLACK, JOHN FISHER, soldier, broker,
was born Dec. 23, 1841, in New Orleans,
La. He enlisted as a private in the Lou
isiana guards in 1861; and attained the
rank of lieutenant. In 1869 he was en
gaged in the cotton brokerage business;
was a member of the New York Cotton
exchange; and one of the organizers of
the Confederate Veteran camp of New
York.
BLACK, SAMUEL W., jurist, governor,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was ap
pointed from that state an associate jus
tice of the United States court for the
territory of Nebraska; and was appointed
governor of that territory in 1861, remain
ing in office until 1867.
BLACK, WARREN COLUMBUS, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born May
24, 1843, in Copiah county, Miss. He ac
quired a superior ed-
u cat ion, chiefly
through his own ef
forts; and was suc
cessively placed in
charge of the lead
ing churches of his
conference. In 1861
he entered the con
federate army and
served continuously
until the close of the
war in 1865. He was
licensed to preach in
May, 1864, being at that time a first lieu
tenant in the confederate service; and he
distinguished himself as a soldier, as he
has since in his ministerial career. In
1886, 1890, and 1894 he was a delegate to
the general conference. In 1886 he de
clined the presidency of Whitworth Fe
male college of Brookhaven, Miss.; and the
same year declined the presidency of the
Centenary college of Jackson, La. Since
1893 he has been editor and owner of the
New Orleans Christian Advocate. Dr.
Black lectured in nine different states;
and three of his lectures — God in Nature;
Genesis and Geology; Is Man Immortal —
have attracted much attention. He is the,
author of Philosophy of Methodism; Tem
perance and Teetotalism; Christian Wom
anhood; and other works.
BLACK, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
March 19, 1854, in Centerville, Ind. He
was a graduate of the Waynesburg semi
nary, and has filled important pastorates
in the presbyterian church. In 1890 he
was elected president of the Missouri
Valley college of Marshall, Mo. He is the
author of God, Our Father; Womanhood;
and Sermons for the Sunday School.
BLACKBURN, GIDEON, clergyman,
college president, was born Aug. 27, 1772,
in Augusta county, Ga. He passed the
last forty years of his life in the western
states, in preaching, organizing churches,
and, from 1803 to 1809, during a part of
each year, in his mission to the Chero-
kees, establishing a school at Hywassee.
He established a school in Tennessee in
1806, and from 1827 till 1830 was presi
dent of Center college, Ky. He died Aug.
23, 1838, in Carllnville, III.
BLACKBURN, JOSEPH C. S lawyer
dlrmf edwtat,efS Senator- ™ ^ born'
, 1838, m Woodford county, Ky. He
entered the confed
erate army in 1861
and served through
out the war; and re
sumed the practice
of law in 1865. He
was elected to the
state legislature of
Kentucky in 1871
and 1873; was elect
ed to the house in
the fort y-fourth,
forty-fifth, forty-
HERRJNGSHAW-S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
democrat, and served during
BLACKBURN, LUKE P statesman
r °f Kentucky from D
BLACKBURN, WILLIAM, pioneer was
born in 1814 in Virginia g° WMt to
California in 1845, took part as volunteer
m the conquest of that country in ?846-
47, and was appointed alcalde at Santa
ffl 'mmediately thereafter. In this
office he served two years, and in 1850
was elected county judge of Santa Cruz
county. He died in 1867 in CaUfornia
JASPER,
1820, in Arkansa^^ H^wIfaSfe^anti
became the editor of a newspaper "n
Lou.siana, called the Homer Iliad; and
» an occasional writer in prose and
He was a member of the state
constitutional convention of 1868 and
elected a representative from Louis
iana to the fortieth congress.
BLACKBURN, WILLIAM MAXWELL
clergyman, college president, author was
born Dec 30, 1828, in Carlisle, Ind. He Is
Presbyterian clergyman, and since 1886
; been president of Pierre university of
South Dakota. Among his many works
' on religion and biography, are
,or(y. °f tne Christian Church; Gen-
ivas bhield; Exiles of Madeira; Judas
theMaccabee; The Rebel Prince; College
Days of Calvin; Young Calvin in Paris'-
AH -atr,lck, and the Early Irish Church;'
Admiral Coligny and the Rise of the
luguenots; The Theban Legion; and
Uncle Alick series of juvenile tales.
BLACKFORD, EUGENE GILBERT
merchant, banker, was born Aug. 8 1839*
m Morristown, N. J. Since 1879 he has
een officially connected with the restock-
g of lakes and streams, and the hatch
ing of food fish, being for thirteen years
president of the state fish commission,
s president of the Bedford bank in
Brooklyn.
BLACKFORD, ISAAC NEWTON legis
lator, jurist, was born Nov. 6 1786 in
Bound Brook, N. J. He was judge of 'the
first district court of Indiana in 1814-15-
speaker of the first state legislature in
sib; judge of the supreme court of In
diana from 1819 to 1835; and judge of
the United States court of claims from
i»55 until his death. He died Dec 31
1859. in Washington, D. C.
BLACKLEDGE, WILLIAM, legislator
a°nmee™rn- ,He WaS for 8«vc» years
of Z^hr n°f ,the general assembly
North Carolina; and served that
state as a representative in congress
£°™ "n t0 18°9' and from 18H °o 1813s'
He died Oct. 19, 1828, in Spring Hill, N £
BLACKLEDGE, WILLIAM S., congress
man, was born in Pitt county N C
rNn tmember,.°f the general assembly
North Carolina; and was elected to
congress from that state for the term
1fl8°m.18?Jl to 1823. He died March""
1867, in Newbern, N. C.
BLACKLOCK, THOMAS W., physician
surgeon, was born May 28, 1843, in Scot
land. He graduated from the college of
Physicians and Surgeons of Keokuk
He has been examining surgeon
tor three of the most prominent life in
surance companies; and for several local
life insurance companies. He has neld
the position of health officer for several
years,, and is an eminent physician and
surgeon of New Boston, 111.
BLACKMAN, GEORGE CuRTIS, phy
sician, surgeon, was born April 20 I»i9
in Newtown, Conn. He was a bold and
skillful operator, and an able writer and
lecturer. He translated and edited Vidal's
Treatment on Venereal Disease; anu ed
ited a new edition of Mott's translation
of Velpeau's Surgery, with notes and ad
ditions of his own. During the war he
served as army surgeon. He died July
19, 1871, in Avondale, Ohio.
BLACKMAN, SAMUEL HALL, civil
engineer, lawyer, state senator, was born
April 6, 1814, in Aurora, Ohio. He moved
to Michigan in 1842,
and since 1844 has
practiced law in Paw
Paw. He has been
a county surveyor;
and for many years
was a field engineer
on the Michigan
Central and other
railroads. During
1863-64 he was a
member of the Mich-
igan state senate- a
Btltutlonal convention of^Vand^a °C
resentative in the Michigan house in 1873-
117
Conn. In 1877 his company erected the
Pequot Cotton mills in Montville Conn
BLACKSTONE, TIMOTHY B.,' railroad
president, was born March 28, 1829
Branford Conn. Since 1864 he has been
president of the Chicago and Alton rail-
BLACKMAR, ESBON, congressman
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New York
from ao48 to 1849, to fill a vacancy; and
also served two years in the state as
sembly from Wayne county.
BLACKMAR, FRANK WILSON edu
cator, author, was born Nov. 3, 1854 in
Springfield, Pa. He graduated from 'the
Johns Hopkins uni-
versity, and has be
come very prominent
in educational work.
He has been feuow
in history and pon-
tics, and instructor
in history, in the
Johns Hopkins uni
versity; and profes
sor of history and
sociology in the uni
versity of Kansas.
He is the author of
Federal and State Aid to Higher Edu
cation m the United States; Spanish Col
onization in the Southwest; Spanish In
stitutions m the Southwest; The Story of
Human Progress; Economics for Reading
Clubs and Schools; and other works be-
BLACKSTONE, LORENZO, manufac
turer, was born in 1819, in Branford,
«' , pioneer.
is said that he planted the first orchard
in Massachusetts, and also the first in
Rhode isiand. Although the first white
settler of Rhode Island, he took no part
m founding the colony.
BLACKWELL, ANDREW JACKSON
s° ld'e,r- r.ailroad president, was born Jan.'
29 1842, in Georgia. He entered the con
federate army in the third Georgia volun
teers. In 1882 he took up a site at what
s now Blackwell, on the Cherokee strip
in Oklahoma territory, a location not at
the time highly prized by others. He has
been its mayor and justice of the peace
He also founded the town of Rock Falls
O. T .; and he is president of the North
Oklahoma railroad.
T ^TACKWELL> MRS- ANTOINETTE
ISA, minister, author, was born May
20, 1825, in Henrietta, N. Y. She is a
Unitarian minister prominent in the wom
an suffrage movement; and is the author
of Studies in General Science; The Mar
ket Woman; The Island Neighbors- a
novel of American life; The Sexes
Throughout Nature; The Physical Basis
of Immortality; and The Many and The
One.
BLACKWELL, ELIZABETH physician
author, was born Feb. 3, 1821, 'in Bristol'
England. She is a physician of New York
city, who, with her sister Emily, organ
ized the woman's medical college of the
New York infirmary. She is the author
of Laws of Life, or the Physical Educa
tion of Girls; Counsel to Parents in the
Moral Education of Their Children- and
Pioneer Work in Opening the Medical
Profession to Women.
BLACKWELL, JAMES HEYWARD
educator, was born Feb. 5, 1862, in Mari
on, Va. He is an expert penman and pro
fessor of mathematics. He has taught in
many leading educational institutions
and since 1888 has been principal of the
public high school of Manchester Va
BLACKWELL, JULIUS W., congress
man, was born in Virginia. He was a
representative in congress from Tennes
see, from 1839 to 1841, and again from
BLACKWELL, LUCY STONE, aboli
tionist, was born Aug. 13, 1818, in West
Brookfield, Mass. By hard work between
the hours of study she educated herself at
Oberlin college; graduated with high hon
ors and became an agent and lecturer for
the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery society, in
which capacity she often pleaded for the
rights of women as well" as for those
of the slave. In 1855 she was married to
Henry B. Blackwell, but still retained her
maiden name. She died Oct. 18, 1893, in
Dorchester. Mass.
BLACKWELL, SARAH ELLEN, artist,
author, was born in 1828 in England.
She is a successful writer, and the au
thor of The Life of Anna Ella Carroll.
Her especial subjects of interest are land
and labor reform, woman suffrage, and
anti-vivisection.
BLACKWOOD, ROBERT E. L., edu
cator, lawyer, was born Feb. 3, 1865 in
Cabell county, W. Va. He graduated from
the state university of West Virginia with
the degree of B. L. For many years he
has been engaged in educational work-
and is now successfully engaged in the
practice of his profession in Charleston
W. Va.
118
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BLACKWOOD, WILLIAM G., jurist,
was born in Pennsylvania. He settled in
Missouri, from which state he was ap
pointed a justice of the United States
court for the territory of New Mexico.
BLADEN, THOMAS, governor of Mary
land, lived in the eighteenth century.
During his administration the western
boundary of the province was fixed by
treaty with the Indians, and the manu
facture of flour began to attract the at
tention of the government.
BLAIKIE, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born May 24, 1843, in York, N. Y.
He is a lawyer and athlete of New York
city; and the author of How to Get
Strong; and Sound Bodies for Our Boys
and Girls.
ELAINE, HARRY GORDON, physician,
educator, author, was born Nov. 25, 1858,
in Wheeling, W. Va. He received his edu
cation in the public schools of Attica,
Ohio; at the Northwestern Normal uni
versity of Fostoria, and the Republic
academy. In 1884 he founded the Ameri
can Medical Compend, of which he was
editor and owner for the ten succeeding
years. During 1885-92 he was professor
of diseases of the mind and nervous sys
tem in the Toledo Medical college. He is
the author of The Physician: His Rela
tion to the Law; A Manual on Venereal
Diseases; Elaine's Medical Footprints:
and other works.
ELAINE, JAMES GILLESP1E, states
man, author, was born Jan. 31, 1830, in
Washington county, Pa. He graduated at
Washington college
in 1847; adopted the
profession of an ed
itor; removed to
Maine; and edited
the Kennebec Jour
nal and Portland
Advertiser for sever
al years. He served
four years in the
Maine legislature,
two years as speak
er of the house. In
1862 he was elected
a representative from Maine to the thirty-
eighth congress, serving as a member of
the committee on post offices and post
roads. Re-elected to the thirty-ninth
congress, serving on the committee on
military affairs, the special committee on
the death of President Lincoln, and as
chairman of the committee on the war
debts of the loyal states. He was re-
elected to the fortieth and forty-first con
gresses, and made speaker of the house,
holding the same position during the
forty-second and forty-third congresses.
He was also re-elected to the forty-fourth
congress; and in 1876 was elected United
States senator, to fill a vacancy; and was
re-elected for the term ending in 1883.
He resigned in 1881, to accept the post of
secretary of state in the cabinet of Presi
dent Garfleld, serving from March until
December of that year. He was an un
successful candidate for president of the
United States in 1884. He was the author
of Twenty Years of Congress. He died
Jan. 27, 1893. in Washington, D. C.
ELAINE, WALKER, diplomatist, was a
resident of Maine. He received a col
legiate education; and in 1881 was ap
pointed third assistant secretary of state.
The same year he was sent, in conjunc
tion with W. H. Triscott, as a special en
voy to Peru and Chili.
BLAIR, ALBERT G., railroad presi
dent, was born in January, 1844, in Syra
cuse, N. Y. Since 1896 he has been presi
dent of the Wheeling and Lake Erie rail
way at Toledo, Ohio.
BLAIR, ANDREW ALEXANDER,
chemist, author, was born Sept. 20, 1846,
in Woodford county, Ky. He is a
chemist of Philadelphia; and the author
of The Chemical Analysis of Iron; and
Methods in Analysis of Iron, Steel, Cop
per, and Alloys of Copper, Zinc, and Tin.
BLAIR, AUSTIN, lawyer, congressman,
governor, was born Feb. 8, 1818, in Caro
line, N. Y. After holding the local offices
of county clerk and prosecuting attorney
for his county, he was elected to the
Michigan legislature, and afterwards to
the senate of the state. He was gov
ernor of Michigan from 1861 to 1865; and
was elected a representative from that
state to the fortieth, forty-first and forty-
second congresses.
BLAIR, BARNARD, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1841
to 1843.
BLAIR, CHAUNCEY B., banker, was
born June 18, 1810, in Biauford, Mass. In
1861 he removed to Chicago, and estab
lished a private bank, which in 1865 he
organized into the Merchants' National
bank, becoming its president, which office
he held until his death. He died Jan. 30,
1890.
BLAIR, MRS. ELIZA (NELSON), au
thor, was born in New Hampshire. She
is a writer of Manchester, N. H. Her
novel, 'Lisbeth Wilson, gives an excellent
picture of New Hampshire rural life a
half century ago.
BLAIR, FRANCIS t.vESTON, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, author, was born
Feb. 19, 1821, in Lexington, Xy. He adopt
ed the profession of
the law; and was a
member of the Mis
souri legislature in
1852-54. He was
elected a representa
tive from Missouri
to the thirty-fifth
and thirty-seventh
congresses. He was
a colonel of volun
teers in 1861; in 1862
was appointed a ma
jor-general in the
army, and was subsequently re-elected to
the thirty-eighth congress. In 1868 he
was nominated for vice-president of the
United States on the ticket with Horatio
Seymour, and was defeated. He was a
senator in congress to fill a vacancy in
1871-73. In 1848 he published the Life
and Public Services of General William A.
Butler. He died July 8, 1875, in St. Louis,
Mo.
BLAIR, HENRY WILLIAM, was born
Dec. 6, 1834, in Campton, N. H. He re
ceived an academic education; studied
law; was admitted
to the bar in 1859;
and w;is prosecuting
1^^"~ [ attorney for Grafton
t county in 1860. He
*** «tJ I served 'n *ne uni°n
--aw " I army as lieutenant-
* I colonel during the
war of the rebellion.
He was a representa
tive in the state
legislature in 1866,
and a state senator
in 1867 and 1868. He
was elected a representative from New
Hampshire to the forty-fourth and forty-
fifth congresses; declined a renomination;
and was elected a senator of the United
States from New Hampshire, for the term
of six years; and in 1885 was re-elected
for a second term. He also served in the
fifty-third congress.
BLAIR, HUGH M., educator, clergy
man, was born Sept. 9, 1853, in Caldwell
county, N. C. He graduated from the
Rutherford college, and then commenced
educational work. He was principal of
the Hickory high school during 1876-81;
and for awhile was editor of the West
ern Carolinian, of Hickory, N. C. In 1883
he entered the ministry of the methodist
episcopal church south. In 1895 he be
came editor of the North Carolina Chris
tian Advocate; and in 1896 was made pre
siding elder in the western North Caro
lina conference.
BLAIR, JACOB B., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born April 11, 1821, in
Parkersburg, Va. He was prosecuting at
torney for Ritchie county for several
years; was elected a representative from
Virginia to the thirty-seventh congress,
and in 1863 was elected a representative
from the new state of West Virginia to
the thirty-eighth congress. In 1867 he
was elected a representative in the state
legislature; and was United States min
ister to Costa Rica from 1868 to 1872. In
1876 he was appointed associate justice of
the supreme court of Wyoming territory,
and was reappointed in 1880, and again in
1884.
BLAIR, JAMES, congressman, was bom
in Lancaster, S. C. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1821
to 1822, and from 1829 to 1834. He died
by his own hand April 1, 1834, in Wash
ington, D. C.
BLAIR, JAMES, clergyman, college
president, was born in 1656 in Lancaster,
S. C. He was an episcopal clergyman of
Virginia who founded William and Mary
college, and was its president for fifty
years. He was the author of The State
of His Majesty's Colony in Virginia; and
Our Savior's Divine Sermon on the Mount,
a series of sermons. He died Aug. 1, 1743,
in Williamsburg, Va.
BLAIR, JAMES, banker, was born May
15, 1807, in Beaver Brooks, N. J. Among
the properties in which he now has a
large interest are The Lackawanna and
Iron Steel Co.; The Eelvidere National
bank; The Scranton Savings bank, of
which he is president; and The First Na
tional bank of Scranton.
BLAIR, JAMES G., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1828. He received a
common English education; is a lawyer
by profession, and was elected to the
forty-second congress as a liberal repub
lican.
BLAIR, JOHN, statesman, congress
man, was born in Washington county,
Tenn. He was a representative in con
gress from Tennessee from 1823 to 1837.
Before entering congress he served in both
branches of the Tennessee state legisla
ture. He died July, 1863, in Jones-
borough, Tenn.
BLAIR, JOHN, statesman, was born in
1689 in Williamsburg, Va. He was a
nephew of President James Blair. As
early as 1736 he was a member of the
house of burgesses, and he was president
of the council, and acting governor of
Virginia in 1757-58 and 1768. He died
Nov. 5, 1771, in Williamsburg, Va.
BLAIR, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was born
in 1732 in Williamsburg, Va. He was a
member of the legislature in 1765, and on
the dissolution of the house in 1769, he,
with Washington and other patriots,
drafted the Non-Importation Agreement.
He was elected a judge of the court of
appeals, then chief justice, and in 1780
chancery judge. In 1789 he was appointed
a judge of the United States supreme
court, and resigned this position in 1796.
He died Aug. 31. 1800, in Williamsburg,
Va.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
119
BLAIR, SAMUEL, clergyman, was born
June 14, 1712, in Ireland. He was one of
the original members of New Brunswick
presbytery, formed in 1738, and in 1739
took charge of the church at New Lon
donderry, or Fogg's Manor, Pa. Shortly
after his settlement there he established a
seminary, at which young men were edu
cated, some of whom were afterward
prominent in the presbyterian church,
among them Rev. Samuel Davies and
Rev. John Rodgers. He died July 5, 175].
BLAIR, SAMUEL, clergyman, legis
lator, was born in 1741 in Fogg's Manor,
Pa. He was the principal founder of the
English presbyterian church of German-
town, Pa., and preached gratuitously for
a season. He was several times a member
of the Pennsylvania assembly, and was
for two years chaplain to the continental
congress. He died Sept. 24, 1818, in Ger-
mantown, Pa,
BLAIR, SAMUEL S., congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was elected a
representative from that state to the
thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh con
gresses.
BLAIR, WILLIAM, merchant. About
1848, after the opening of the Illi
nois and Michigan canal, he closed
the retail branch of his business, thus
becoming the first to establish an
exclusively wholesale hardware house
in Chicago and being at the time the only
one in the west outside of St. Louis.
BLAIR, WILLIAM ALLEN, educator,
lecturer, author, was born June 4, 1860,
in High Point, N. C. After graduating in
1882 from Harvard university, he entered
actively into educational work. In 1889
he was commissioned as state representa
tive of the Paris exposition, and has thor
oughly examined the school systems of
Europe. He has been president of sever
al societies and in 1890 became president
of the People's National bank of Winston,
N. C. He is the author of The History of
North Carolina.
BLAISDELL, DANIEL, lawyer, con
gressman. He was a state councilor from
1803 to 1808, and a representative in con
gress from New Hampshire, from 1808 to
1811. He died in 1832.
BLAISDELL, ELIJAH WHITTIER,
lawyer, state legislator, author, poet, was
born July 18, 1826, in Montpelier, Vt. In
1854 he moved to
Rockford, 111.; par
ticipated with Abra
ham Lincoln in the
formation of the re
publican party in
1856; and was the
first editor in the
United States who
raised his name for
the presidency of the
United States. He
canvassed the
state of Illinois
for General Grant and Governor Ogles-
by; and was afterward a Cleveland
elector. He was a candidate for con
gress three times in the sixth dis
trict of Illinois; was a member of the
Illinois state legislature in 1859 and 1860;
and has taken an active part in the pub
lic affairs of his city, county and state.
For twenty years he was an editor; and
for fifteen years has been a lawyer. He
is the author of a successful story entitled
The Hidden Record; a drama entitled
Shabbona; The Rajah, a burlesque poem;
Eva, the General's Daughter, a drama in
blank verse; and a volume of poems.
BLAISDELL. H. G., governor. He was
the first governor of Nevada after it be
came a state, and served as such from
1864 to 1869.
"
BLAKE, CLARENCE JOHN, physician,
inventor, journalist, was born Feb. 23,
1843, in Boston, Mass. He was president
of the American Otological society in
1876-77. He has invented several surgical
instruments for use in the treatment of
diseases of the ear, principally the mem-
brana tympani phonautograph.
BLAKE, EDWARD HARWOOD, law
yer, financier, railroad president. He had
a course at Brown college and post-gradu
ate course at Harvard. He then attended
the Albany Law school; practiced law in
Bangor; and was made president of
the Merchants' National bank in 1887.
BLAKE, ELI WHITNEY, inventor, was
born Jan. 27, 1795, in Westborough, Mass.
The ideas that he originated still char
acterize the forms of American locks,
latches, casters, hinges, and other articles
of house-furnishing hardware wherever
manufactured. His crusher is now used
in all parts of the world for breaking ores,
road metal, and similar purposes. Mr.
Blake was one of the founders, and for
several years president, of the Connecticut
Academy of Science. He is the author of
Original Solutions of Several Problems in
Aerodynamics. He died Aug. 18, 1886, in
New Haven, Conn.
BLAKE, ELI WHITNEY, educator, was
born April 20, 1836, in New Haven, Conn.
He has been professor of chemistry in the
university of Vermont, at Cornell, at
Columbia, and at Brown. He is a fellow
of the American association for the Ad
vancement of Science, and member of
other scientific bodies, to whose proceed
ings he has frequently contributed valu
able papers.
BLAKE, ELLYN J., educator, scientist,
was born Nov. 7, 1842, in Wilbraham,
Mass. She graduated from the Wesleyan
academy of her native city; and for many
years was engaged in educational work
at Wilbraham and Palmer, Mass. In 1886
she began the treatment of hypertrichosis
with electricity, and was the first woman
to take legitimate instruction and make
a specialty of the work.
BLAKE, MRS. EUPHEMIA VALE,
journalist, author, poet, was bom May 7,
1825, near Hastings, England. Her fath
er, Gilbert Vale, was
well known as an
author, publisher,
inventor, public lec
turer and professor
of astronomy and
mathematics, who
died in 1866 in
Brooklyn, N. Y. Mrs.
Blake has written
extensively for the
North American Re
view, the Christian
Examiner, the Bos
ton Transcript, and other well-known
publications. Since 1857 she has lived in
Brooklyn, N. Y., engaged in journalism.
She is the author of Arctic Experiences;
Teeth, Ether and Chloroform; History of
Newburyport; and her latest work is A
History of Tammany Hall, from its or
ganization in 1789 to the present time.
BLAKE, GEORGE A. H., soldier, was
born in September, 1812, in Pennsylvania.
He served in the Seminole, Mexican and
civil wars, and attained the rank of brig
adier-general.
BLAKE, GEORGE SMITH, naval of
ficer, was born in 1803, in Worcester,
Mass. In 1857-65 he was superintendent
of the United States Naval academy. Soon
after the civil war broke out, the acad
emy was removed to Newport. On the
reorganization of the navy in 1862 he was
promoted to commodore.
..
BLAKE, HARRISON G., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born March 17,
1818, In New Fane, Vt. He served four
years in the 'Ohio legislature, and was
president of the state senate in 1848 and
1849. He was elected a representative
from Ohio to the thirty-sixth congress,
and re-elected to the thirty-seventh con
gress.
BLAKE, HENRY N., jurist. In 1875
he was appointed one of the associate
justices of the United States for the ter
ritory of Montana.
BLAKE, JAMES, soldier, public offi
cial, was born March 3, 1791, in York
county, Pa. He enlisted as a volunteer in
the war of 1812. For thirty-five years he
was the president of the Indianapolis
Benevolent society.
BLAKE, JAMES VILA, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1842 in New York. He
is a Unitarian clergyman of Chicago; and
the author of Poems; Essays; A Grateful
Spirit; Anchor of the Soul; St. Solifer;
and Legends from Story Land.
BLAKE, JOHN, congressman, was born
in New York. He was a representative in
congress from New York state from 1805
to 1809; and was a member of the New
York assembly in 1819.
BLAKE, JOHN B., financier, was born
Aug. 12, 1802, in Colchester, Va. He was
commissioner of public buildings during
a part of the administration of President
Pierce, and during the whole of that of
President Buchanan. For many years he
was president of the National Metropol
itan bank of Washington city; and was
connected with the board of public works
in Washington.
BLAKE, JOHN B., railroad president,
was born May 16, 1838, in Marlboro, Vt.
Since 1892 he has been president of the
West Virginia, Pineville and Tennessee
railroad.
BLAKE, JOHN LAURIS, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Dec. 21, 1788,
in Northwood, N. H. He was an episcopal
clergyman of Boston long prominent as
an educator. He was the author of Text
Book of Geography and Chronology; Fam
ily Encyclopaedia of Agriculture and Do
mestic Economy; Farmer's E very-Day
Book; Modern Farmer; Letters on Con
firmation; General Biographical Diction
ary; Book of Nature Laid Open; Won
ders of the Earth; and Wonders of Art.
He died July 6, 1857, in Orange, N. J.
BLAKE, JOHN L., lawyer, congress
man, was born March 25, 1831, in Boston,
Mass. He removed to Orange, N. J.,
when fifteen years of age, and studied and
practiced law. He was a member of the
house of assembly in 1857; was a delegate
to the republican national convention of
1876, and a candidate for presidential
elector in the same year. He was elected
a representative from New Jersey to the
forty-sixth congress.
BLAKE, JOHN WALTER, banker, was
born Aug. 6, 1858, in Leon county, Texas.
He is prominently identified with the pub
lic affairs of his native state; was mayor
of Mexico in 1895; president of the Texas
Bankers' association in 1891, and has
filled various other public offices of honor.
BLAKE, JOSEPH, governor, was born
about 1620. He was governor of South
Carolina in 1694, and from 1696 to his
death in 1700.
BLAKE, MRS. LILLIE DEVEREUX,
reformer, author, was born Aug. 12, 1835,
in Raleigh, N. C. She is a prominent
advocate of woman suffrage, and is the
author of Fettered for Life; Southwold;
Rockford; Woman's Place To-Day; and
The Hypocrite, or Sketches of American
Society.
120
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BLAKE, MRS. MARY ELIZABETH,
author, poet, was born in 1840 in Iowa.
She is the author of Poems; Youth in
Twelve Centuries; Verses by the Way.
Her prose includes On the Wing, sketches
of American Travel; A Summer Holiday;
travel experiences in Europe; Mexico:
Picturesque, Political and Progressive.
BLAKE, THOMAS HOLDSWORTH,
congressman, was born June, 1792, in
Calvert county, Md. He served at the
battle of Bladensburg, in 1814. For
many years he was a member of the In
diana state legislature, and was a repre
sentative in congress from Indiana from
1827 to 1829. Under President Tyler's ad
ministration he was commissioner of the
general land office, and upon his resigna
tion was appointed president of the Wa-
bash and Erie Canal company. He died
Nov. 28, 1849, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
BLAKE, UPTON CLARENCE, lawyer,
was born Sept. 2, 1845, in Mount Vernon,
Ohio. In 1865 he graduated from Ken-
yon college of Gambier, Ohio, and has
since attained prominence as an able and
learned lawyer of Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
BLAKE, WILLIAM PHIPPS, was born
June 1, 1826, in New York city. He is
a mineralogist of prominence and pro
fessor of geology in the University of
Arizona. He is the author of Silver Ores
and Silver Mines; California Minerals;
Production of the Precious Metals; Iron
and Steel; Ceramic Art and Glass; His
tory of Hamden, Conn.; and Life of Cap
tain Jonathan Mix.
BLAKE. WILLIAM RUFUS, actor,
was born in 1805 in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
He was, at different times, stage manager
of the Tremont theater, Boston; joint
manager of the Walnut street theater,
Philadelphia, and stage manager of the
Broadway theater. New York. He was
the author of the plays Nero; The Turned
Head, and The Buggs. He died April 22,
1863, in Boston, Mass.
BLAKELEY, ARCHIBALD. soldier,
lawyer, was born July 16, 1827, in Butler
county, Pa. In 1852 he was admitted to
the bar and served three years as district
attorney of his native county. He served
as a union soldier during the civil war
as colonel of the seventy-eighth regiment
of Pennsylvania infantry. He was presi
dent of the general court-martial and
military commissioner in the capitol at
Nashville in 1862. He was in the battles
of Stone River, Dug Gap, Chickamauga,
Lookout Mountain, and Missionary Kidge,
and commanded the brigade on Lookout
Mountain during the winter of 1863-61.
Since the close of the war he has prac
ticed law in Pittsburg, Pa. He declined
the governorship of Utah, tendered by
President Johnson; declined office of ad
jutant-general of Pennsylvania, tendered
by Governor Geary. He is the president
of the Pennsylvania commission for the
construction of monuments in Chicka-
mauga-Chattanooga National Military
Park.
BLAKELEY, JOHNSTON, commander
United States navy, was born Oct., 1781,
in Ireland. In 1807 he was made a lieu
tenant: in 1813 he was appointed a mas
ter commandant, and placed in command
of the Wasp. In 1814 he was a captain,
but never enjoyed the promotion, as the
Wasp was not heard of after Oct. 9, 1814.
BLAKELOCK, RALPH ALBERT,
'artist, was born Oct. 15, i847, in New York
city. He has painted landscapes, Indian
figures, and moonlight scenes. One of his
pictures represents the Ta-vo-kok-i, or
circle-dance of the Kavavite Indians. In
1882 he exhibited at the national acad
emy Cloverdale, Cal.; Moonlight; and
The Indian Fisherman; in 1884, A Land
scape; and On the Face of Quiet Waters;
and in 1885. Cumuli.
BLAKEMAN, ALEX. NOEL, journalist,
was born July 18, 1840, in New York city.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the ward schools of New York city,
and graduated from the College of the
City of New York. During 1861-65 he was
acting assistant-paymaster in the United
States navy. He is the editor of the New
York Shipping and Commercial List;
president of the board of education of
Mount Vernon, N. Y., since 1890; re
corder of the New York Commandery
Loyal Legion of the II. S.. and was chief
of staff under Grand Marshal Horace Por
ter in the inaugural parade at Wasnmg-
ton on March 4, 1897.
BLAKESLEE, JAMES I., railroad
president, was born Feb. 10, 1815, in Sus-
quehanna county. Pa. Since 1870 he has
been president of the Montrose railroad
at Mauch Chunk, Pa.
BLAKESLEY, LOUIS WILLIAM, jour
nalist, was born April 8, 1868, in La
fayette, 111. In 1885 he moved to Logan,
Kan., and subsequently taught school in
that state. In 1890 he moved to Wyo
ming, and during 1892-93 was principal of
the Lander high school. In 1893 he
founded The Otto Courier, of which he
is the editor and owner. In 1896 he was
appointed by Governor Richards as one
of the commissioners to organize the
county of Big Horn, Wyo.
BLANCHARD, ALBERT G., soldier,
was born in 1810 in Charlestown, Mass.
During the Mexican war he served as cap
tain of Louisiana volunteers, being at tne
battle of Monterey and the siege of Vera
Cruz. At the beginning of the civil war,
in 1861, he was made a brigadier-general
in the confederate army. Since the war
General Blanchard has been a civil en
gineer and surveyor in New Orleans.
BLANCHARD, AMY ELLA, author,
was born in Baltimore, Md. For several
years she taught school; then took up
the study of art; and in 1881, in conjunc
tion with Ida Waugh, published her first
book, entitled Holly Berries. She has
since made a specialty of works for young
people, more particularly for girls; and
her best known works are Twenty Little
Maidens; Taking a Stand; and the Blan
chard Library For Girls, consisting of
Two Girls, Girls Together, and Betsy of
Wye.
UL.ANCHARD, CHARLES A., educator,
college president, was born Nov. 8, 18»8,
in Galesburg, III. This eminent educator
has been president of the Sabbath asso
ciation of Illinois; president of the Illi
nois Christian association, and president
of the college section of the State Teach
ers' association of Illinois. He is now the
honored president of Wheaton college,
Illinois.
BLANCnARD, HELEN AUGUSTA, in
ventor, was born in Portland, Maine.
Among her numerous inventions are the
Blanchard over-seaming machine, and tne
crocheting and sewing machine; all of
which are in use by immense manufac
tories, and are ranked among the most
remarkable mechanical contrivances of
the age.
BLANCHARD, JAMES ARMSTRONG,
soldier, lawyer, was born Aug. 16, 1845,
in Henderson, N. Y. In 1864 he served
In the civil war as a private in company
I. second Wisconsin cavalry. In 1873 was
admitted to the bar, and at once began
the active practice of his profession in
New York city.
BLANCHARD, JOHN, educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 30, 1787, in
Caledonia county, Va. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1845 to 1849. He died March 8, 1849,
in Columbia, S. C.
BLANCHARD, JONATHAN, congress
man. He was a delegate from New Hamp
shire to the continental congress in 1783
and 1784.
BLANCHARD, JOSEPH, soldier, jurist,
was born Feb. 11, 1704, near Nashua,
N. H. He was a mandamus councilor
from 1740-58, and judge of the superior
court of New Hampshire from 1749-58.
He commanded a New Hampshire regi
ment in 1755, and was engaged at Crown
Point. He died April 7, 1758.
BLANCHARD, JUSTUS WARDWELL,
soldier, was born in 1811, in Milford, N. H.
Before the civil war he was captain of the
Burgess corps of Albany, N. Y. He en
tered the national service as captain in
the third New York volunteers in 1861,
became lieutenant-colonel in 1863, and
brevet brigadier-general of volunteers on
March 13, 1865. He died Sept. 14, 1877,
in Syracuse, N. Y.
BLANCHARD, NATHANIEL WHIT-
SON, farmer, legislator, was born Aug.
19, 1849, in Hinds county, Miss. He is a
successful farmer in Staffords, Miss., and
has twice been a representative in the
Mississippi state legislature. He has been
a member of the county school board,
chairman of the democratic executive
committee, and filled various other public
positions of trust in his city, county and
state.
BLANCHARD, NEWTON GRAIN, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Jan. 29. 1849, in Rapids Parish, La.
He received an acad-
e m i c education;
graduated as a bach
elor of laws at the
University of Louisi
ana in 1870; and
commenced practice
at Shreveport, La., in
1871. He was a del
egate to the stats
constitutional con
vention of 1879; was
appointed a major in
the state militia, and
was made a trustee of the University of
the South, at Sewanee, Tenn. He was
elected a representative from Louisiana
to the forty-seventh, forty-eighth, forty-
ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses, when he was ap
pointed United States senator to fill a
vacancy, and received the election for
term ending in 1897. In 1897 he was ap
pointed associate justice of the supreme
court of Louisiana.
BLANCHARD, NOAH FARWELL,
financier, manufacturer, was born Jan. 22,
1821. The firm of Blanchard, Brother and
Lane became one of the largest and best
known manufacturers of patent leather
in the United States. He died May 11,
1881, in Newark, N. J.
BLANCHARD, SAMUEL GRAY, edu
cator, clergyman, was born Oct. 25, 1840,
in Sandusky, Ohio. He received his ed.u-
cation in Canada, and subsequently at
tended Eastman's Business college of
New York city. For eight years he was
engaged in educational work; since 1868
has been a clergyman of the Methodist
Episcopal church, and now fills a pas
torate in Los Angeles, Cal. In 1886 he
was appointed presiding elder of the
Santa Barbara district. He has been edi
tor of several publications and contrib
utes extensively to current literature.
HKRRINOSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
121
BLANCHARD, THOMAS, inventor, was
born June 24, 1788, in Sutton, Mass. While
engaged with his brother in the manufac
ture of tacks by hand, he invented a ma
chine which made 500 per minute, and
sold the patent for $5,000. He also in
vented a lathe to turn the whole of a mus
ket-barrel from end to end, by the com
bination of one single self-directing oper
ation; the lathe for turning irregular
forms, now in use in all armories, for
making musket-stocks, also applied to
busts, shoe lasts, handles, spokes, and
a machine for bending timbers, called the
compound bend. He died April 6, 1864,
in Boston, Mass.
BLAND, BALLARD, jurist, was born in
Kentucky. He was educated for the legal
profession, and while residing in Louis
ville was appointed United States judge
for the district of Kentucky.
BLAND, BESSIE, poet, was born Dec.
8, 1863, in Lynn, Mass. She is a successful
writer of Lynn, Mass.; and her poems
have been given a place in several stand
ard works.
BLAND, CHARLES CLELLAND, sol
dier, jurist, was born Feb. 9, 1837, in Hart
ford, Ky. During the civil war he was
captain of company D, Missouri infantry
volunteers. This eminent lawyer and
jurist was elected in 1881 as judge of the
circuit court of the nineteenth judicial
circuit of Missouri, which position he still
holds (1898).
BLAND, RICHARD, statesman, was
born May 6, 1710, in Virginia. He was
for some years a leading member of the
house of burgesses, and in 1768 was one
of the committee appointed to remon
strate with parliament on the subject of
taxation. In 1773 he was one of the com
mittee of correspondence, and was a dele
gate to the continental congress from
1774 to 1776. He died in 1790.
BLAND, RICHARD PARKS, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 19, 1835, near
Hartford, Ky. He received an academic
education; removed
to Missouri in 1855,
thence to California,
and thence to that
portion of Utah now
Nevada, locating at
Virginia City. He
practiced law; was
interested in mini'ng
operations in Cali
fornia and Nevada,
and was county
treasurer of Carson
county, Utah terri
tory, from 1860 until the organization of
the state government of Nevada. He re
turned to Missouri in 1865; located at
Rolla, Mo., and practiced law with his
brother, C. C. Bland, until he removed
to Lebanon in August, 1869, and contin
ued his practice there. He was elected to
the forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-fifth,
forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth,
ferty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses, and was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a silver dem
ocrat. In 1896 his name was prominently
brought forward for president of the
United States.
BLAND, ROBERT LINN, journalist,
lawyer, was born June 2, 1868. in Jane
Lew, W. Va. He attended the public
schools of Weston, W. Va. ; learned the
printer's trade, and for a number of years
was engaged in journalism. He founded
the Buckhanon Dispatch, and was con
nected with different newspapers of his
state. He was associated with R. H.
Harrison in the publication of the Weston
Democrat; has written extensively for
city journals, and is now vice-president
of the West Virginia Editorial associa
tion. He is the author of Mountain Mem
oirs, a local work of biographies.
BLAND, THEODORIC, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1742 in Prince
George county, Va. He rose to the rank
of colonel, and had the command of a
regiment of dragoons; in 1779 had com
mand of the troops at Albemarle bar
racks, and continued in that station until
elected to a seat in congress from Vir
ginia, in 1780; served in that body three
years, and was then chosen a member of
the Virginia legislature. He was a rep
resentative in the first congress under
the constitution, having voted for its
adoption. He died June 1, 1790, in New
York.
BLAND, THEODORIC, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1777. He was a lawyer by
profession; was judge of the county
court in Baltimore; judge of the United
States district court of Maryland; and
was twenty-two years chancellor of the
state. From 1836 to 1841 he published
in Baltimore, Reports of Cases Decided
in the High Court of Chancery of Mary
land. He died Nov. 16, 1846, in Annapolis,
Md.
BLAND, THOMAS A., physician, lec
turer, author, was born May 21, 1830, in
Bloomfield, Ind. During the civil war he
was a surgeon in the army. For twenty
years he lived in Washington, D. C., with
his wife and coworker, M. Cora Bland,
M. D., also a skilful physician and able
writer and a popular lecturer. He has
been at the head of the Eclectic Medical
society of the District of Columbia from
the first; was its first president, and
was re-elected by unanimous vote seven
times since. He is the author of How to
Get Well and How to Keep Well, and
other works. As a physician and medical
author, he has done much for progress
in medicine and in a knowledge of the
laws of health; and as a public lecturer
he ranks high.
BLANDEN, CHARLES G., banker, poet,
was born Jan. 19, 1857, in Marengo, 111.
He is the author of a volume of poems
entitled Tancred's Daughter and Other
Poems.
BLANKS, JAMES BRAXTON, expert
accountant, was born Jan. 9, 1839, in
Petersburg, Va. He has been an account
ant the greater part of his life, and for
fifteen years teller and assistant cashier
of three different banks; and commis
sioner of the revenue of the city of Peters
burg for six years. He has been grand
secretary of the Royal Arch Masons of
Virginia; grand recorder of Knights
Templars of Virginia, and grand secre
tary of Royal Arcanum of Virginia.
BLASHFIELD, EDWIN HOWLAND,
painter, was born Dec. 15, 1848, in New
York city. His favorite subjects are fig
ures, with carefully studied landscape or
architecture. Historical subjects and por
traiture, with particular devotion to ac
curacy of detail, also claim his attention.
Some of his principal paintings are A
Poet; Toreador; Monseigneur; The
Augur; A Roman Emperor; The Fencing
Lesson — Roman Ladies; and The Be
sieged, a fine picture, has been exhibited
in the royal academies of London and
Edinburgh. He has been president of the
Society of American Artists.
BLATCriFORD, ELIPHALET W., man
ufacturer, was born May 26, 1826, in Lan-
singburgh, N. Y. In 1854, he began the
manufacture of lead in Chicago, 111. His
firm of E. W. Blatchford & Co., now in
corporated, has been extremely successful.
BLATCHFORD, RICHARD MILFORD,
legislator, public official, was born April
23, 1798, in Stratford, Conn. In 182&
he was made a financial agent for the
Bank of England, and in 1836 appointed
to the same position by the Bank of the
United States, and assisted in winding up
its affairs. In 1855 he was elected to the
state legislature; in 1859 commissioner of
Central Park, and subsequently of the
public parks generally. When the rebel
lion commenced he was entrusted with
funds for the recruiting service, and in
1862 was appointed minister to Italy. He
died Sept. 3, 1875, in Newport.
BLATCHFORD, SAMUEL, jurist, was
born March 9, 1820, in New York city.
He was private secretary to W. H. Seward
from 1839 to 1841, and military secretary
on governor's staff up to 1843. He was
made a counselor of the supreme court of
the state in 1845. In 1855 he was ap
pointed a justice of the supreme court
of the state for the first district, but de
clined; in 1867 was appointed district
judge of the United States court for the
southern district of New York, and in
1882 was appointed an associate justice
of the United States supreme court. He
died July 7, 1893, in Newport, R. I.
BLATT, WILLIAM MOSES, lawyer,
author, was born April 29, 1876, in
Orange, N. J. He graduated from the
Boston university law school; has beei>
assistant editor of the New England Cou
rier; librarian of the Boston university
law school, and is the author of Leading
and Important Cases in Massachusetts
Common Law.
BLAUVELT, AUGUSTUS, clergyman,
author, was born April 7, 1832, in Covert,
N. Y. He is a Dutch Reformed clergy
man of New Jersey, deposed from the
ministry on account of his liberal doc
trinal views embodied in papers in the
Century Magazine. He is the author of
The Kingdom of Satan; and The Present
Religious Crisis.
BLAVATSKY, HELENA PETROVNA.
theosophist, was born July 31, 1831, ia
Southern Russia. Her father was Col.
Peter Hahn, a descendant of the Von
Rottenstern-Hahns of Mecklenburg, Ger
many. She studied the French and Eng
lish languages in Paris and London; and
wandered in Africa, Europe, America,
India and Central Asia. She acquired
complete control of her psychic faculties,
and entered upon her life work of ex
plaining the nature and source of such
phenomena. In 1873 she came to Amer
ica, and five years later became an Amer
ican citizen by naturalization. In 1875
she founded the Theosophical society,
with headquarters in New York city;
and in 1879 began the publication of The
Theosophist. In 1888 she published her
monumental work, entitled The Secret
Doctrine. The society which she founded
now numbers over six hundred branches,
or lodges throughout the civilized world.
She died May 8, 1891, in London, England.
BLAYNEY, FRANCIS SCOTT, educator,
clergyman, lecturer, was born July 31,
1856, at Iberia, Ohio. He has been presi
dent of the University of Omaha, and or
ganized and built the Second Presbyterian
church of that city, and the First Presby
terian church of Hebron, Neb. This
noted lecturer of psychology and ethics
since 1890 has been pastor of the First
Presbyterian church of Abilene, Kan.
BLECKLEY, LOGAN E., lawyer, jurist,
was born July 3, 1827, in Rabun county,
Ga. In 1864 he was appointed supreme
court reporter; in 1875 was associate jus
tice of the supreme court, and in 1887 was
made chief justice of the supreme court.
122
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BLEDSOE, ALBERT TAYLOR, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 9, 1809, in
Frankfort, Ky. He was a southern cler
gyman who left the episcopal for the
methodist church, and wrote extensively
on metaphysics and mathematics. He
was the author of Liberty and Slavery;
Examination of Edwards on the Will;
Philosophy of Mathematics; Is Davis
a Traitor? or was Secession a Con
stitutional Right previous to the War of
1861? and Theodicy. He died Dec. 8,
1877. in Alexandria. Va.
BLEDSOE, JESSE, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born April 6,
1776, in Culpeper county, Va. He was
at one time a distinguished advocate and
jurist of Kentucky. He was a senator in
congress from that state from 1813 to
i815; was professor of law in the Univer
sity of Transylvania, and chief justice of
the supreme court of Kentucky. He died
June 30, 1837, in Nacogdoches, Tex.
BLEECKER. ANN ELIZA, poet, was
born in October, 1752, in New York city.
Some years after her death her stories
and poems were collected and published
under the title of Posthumous Works of
Ann Eliza Bleecker in Prose and Verse,
with a memoir by her daughter, Marga-
retta V. Faugeres. She died Nov. 23, 1783,
in Tomhannock, N. Y.
BLEECKER. ANTHONY, author, was
born in October, 1770, in New York city.
He was graduated at Columbia in 1791
and studied law, but never was a success
ful practitioner on account of his uncon
querable diffidence. His natural tastes led
him to the pursuit of letters, and for
thirty years he was a prolific contributor
of both prose and verse to the periodical
literature of New York and Philadelphia.
The Narrative of the Brig Commerce is
one of his best-known works. He was
one of the founders of the New York His
torical society. He died March 13, 1827,
in New York city.
BLEECKER, HERMANUS, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 19, 1779, in Al
bany, N. Y. He was a member of con
gress from New York from 1811 to 1813,
and was appointed, in 1839, charge d'af
faires at The Hague. He died July 19
1849, in Albany, N. Y.
BLEISTEIN, GEORGE, journalist, was
born Dec. 6, 1861, in Buffalo, N. Y. In
1885 he was elected president and treasu
rer of the Courier company, which is
said to have the largest and best equipped
printing and lithographing establishment
in the world.
BLEWETT, BENJAMIN TURNER, ed
ucator, college president, was born Sept
17, 1820, in Bowling Green, Ky. He grad
uated from the Georgetown college,
and has been president of the Bethel col
lege, Kentucky; and president of the Au
gusta college, Kentucky. This eminent
educator is now connected with the St.
Louis seminary of Jennings, Mo.
BLISH, GEORGE WILLIAM, elocu
tionist, was born March 1, 1837, in Rome,
111. He is the founder of the Blish school
of elocution, of Boston, Mass., and is one
of the original organizers of Royal Ar
canum. He is a fine interpreter of dra
matic, humorous and dialect sketches.
BLISS, AARON T., soldier, lumber
merchant, congressman, was born May 22,
1837, in Peterborough, N. Y. In 1861 he
enlisted as a private in the tenth New
York cavalry, and was in the service three
years and five months, six months of
which time he was confined in the prisons
of Andersonville, Charleston, Macon and
Columbia; he made his escape from Col
umbia, and after eighteen nights of tra
vel through rebel territory reached the
union lines; he rose while in the service
from private to captain. Since 1866 he
has resided in Saginaw, Mich., where
he engaged in the manufacture of lum
ber. He has held many positions of pub
lic trust in his own county, having been
a supervisor, alderman, president of the
school board for eleven consecutive years,
and president of the Soldiers' and Sailors'
association of northern Michigan. In
1882 he was elected a member of the state
senate. He was elected to the fifty-first
congress as a republican.
BLISS, ARCHIBALD M., merchant,
railroad president, congressman, was born
Jan. 25, 1837, in Brooklyn, N. Y. He
received an academic education and was
for many years engaged in mercantile pur
suits. He was for four years an alderman,
from 1864, and president of the board in
1867, and was defeated for mayor in the
latter year. He was a delegate to the Bal
timore convention in 1864, Chicago conven
tion of 1868, and the Cincinnati convention
of 1872, and in 1869 and 1870 was commis
sioner of public works for Brooklyn. He
was a director in several banks, vice-
president and director in the New York
and Long Island Bridge company, and
president of the Bushwick Railroad com
pany. In 1874 he was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-
fourth congress, and was re-elected to
the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses as a
republican.
BLISS, CORNELIUS NEWTON, mer
chant, was born Jan. 26, 1833, in Fall
River, Mass. He was a member of the
Pan-American con-
•BBHHI^Er ~ ference; was presi
dent of the Protect
ive Tariff league;
was chairman of
the republican state
committees N e w
York of 1887 and
1888; was treasurer
of the national re
publican committees
in 1892 and 1896; de
clined to be a can
didate for the nom
ination for governor of his state in 1885,
and refused to have his name presented
to the convention for that position in
1891. He was chairman of the business
men's committee which tried to nominate
President Arthur for a second term in
1884, and was chairman of the committee
of thirty in 1893. He was appointed sec
retary of the interior March 5, 1897, and
was confirmed by the senate March 5,
1897.
BLISS, DANIEL, missionary, author,
was born June 17, 1823, in Georgia, Vt.
He is a congregational missionary, and
president of the Protestant college at
Beyrout since 1864. He is the author of
Mental Philosophy; and Natural Philoso
phy (in Arabic).
BLISS, DON ALFONSO, lawyer, jurist,
was born Dec. 14, 1854, in Artesia, Miss.
He has attained success in the profession
of law at Sherman, Tex.; has been alder
man of his city, and is now judge of the
fifteenth judicial district of Texas.
BLISS, EDWIN MUNSELL, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born Sept. 12,
1848, in Turkey. He is a graduate of the
Amherst college and Yale divinity school.
He is the editor of .the New York Inde
pendent, and the author of Turkey and
the Armenian Atrocities; and Concise His
tory of Missions.
BLISS, ELIPHALET WILLIAMS, man
ufacturer, was born April 12, 1836, in Fly
Creek, N. Y. The corporation of the E.
W. Bliss Co. now employs 600 men. The
plant comprises extensive buildings and
machine shops for the manufacture of
tools, presses, dies, and patented arti
cles of various kinds.
BLISS, GEORGE, state senator, was
born Nov. 16, 1793, in Springfield, Mass.
In 1827 he was elected to the lower
branch of the legislature. He served for
three successive terms, and also in 1853,
when he was elected speaker. In 1835 he
was elected president of the state sen
ate. His attention was subsequently oc
cupied with the completion of the Western
railroad between Worcester and Albany,
and prior to 1846 he was president of the
road. He died April 19, 1873, in Spring
field, Mass.
BLISS, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 1, 1813, in Jeri
cho, Vt. In 1850 he was appointed presi
dent judge of the eighth judicial district
of Ohio, serving one year, until the state
constitution was changed. In 1852 he was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-third congress, and in 1862 was
elected to the thirty-eighth congress.
BLISS, GEORGE, financier, was born
April 21, 1816, in Northampton, Mass. In
1869 he associated himself with the firm
of Levi P. Morton & Co., in the business
of banking, under the name of Morton,
Bliss & Co. The firm, with their London
branch of Morton, Rose & Co., now stand
in the front rank among the financial in
stitutions of this country.
BLISS, PHILEMON, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born July 28, 1814, in Can
ton, Conn. He was elected president
judge of the fourteenth circuit court of
Ohio; and in 1854 was elected a represent
ative to the thirty-fourth congress;
re-elected to the thirty-fifth congress;
and was subsequently appointed a terri
torial judge in Dakota.
BLISS, PHILIP PAUL, singing evan
gelist, was born July 9, 1838, in Clear-
field county, Pa. He was associated
with Moody in his noted evangelical tours,
was composer and singer of many of the
sweet inspirational hymns which vivified
their meetings. He was killed Dec. 30,
1876, in a railroad disaster in Ashtabula,
Ohio.
BLISS, PORTER CORNELIUS, journal
ist, author, was born Dec. 28, 1838, in Erie
county, N. Y. He was a journalist and
diplomat of some repute a's a philologist.
He was the author of The Ethnography of
Gran Chaco, a district of Argentina; His-
toria Secreta de la mision, del ciudadano
noto Americano, Charles A. Washburn.
cerca de gobierno de la republica del
Paraguay; and The Conquest of Turkey
1877-78. He died Feb. 2, 1885, in New
York city.
BLISS, WILLIAM, railroad president,
was born Dec. 11, 1834, in Springfield.
Mass. Since 1880 he has been president of
the Boston and Albany railroad.
BLISS, WILLIAM DWIGHT PORTER,
clergyman, author, was born in 1856. He
is an episcopal clergyman of Boston, and
prominent as a leader among Christian
socialists. He is the author of A Hand
book of Socialism; The Social Faith of the
Catholic Church; and What Is Christian
Socialism? He has edited The Encyclo
pedia of Socialism.
BLISS, WILLIAM ROOT, author, was
born in 1825 in Connecticut. He is a
business man of New York city, and the
Miitlior of Side Glimpses from the Colonial
Meeting-House; The Old Colony Town and
Other Sketches; Colonial Times on Buz
zard's Bay; Quaint Nantucket; and Para
dise in the Pacific.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
123
BLIZZARD, T. H., educator, lawyer,
was born Sept. 23, 1871, in Russell county,
Va. For several years he was professor
in Wood's academy; was admitted to the
bar in 1894, and practices his profession
in Flat Rock, Va.
BLOCK, JOSEPH C., lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born Oct. 24, 1856, in Hungary.
He took a complete course in the State
University of Iowa, and was admitted to
the practice of law in 1880. He was
elected to the Ohio house of representa
tives in 1891 as a republican. He is now
judge of the Cuyahoga county court of
insolvency of Cleveland, Ohio.
BLODGET, LORIN, statistician, author,
was born May 25, 1823, near Jamestown,
N. Y. He is an eminent statistician of
Philadelphia who has published over
150 volumes, mainly reports upon finance,
revenue, and industrial progress. He is
the author of The Climatology of the
United States; and Commercial and
Financial Resources of the United States.
BLODGET, SAMUEL, inventor, was
born April 11, 1724, in Woburn, Mass. He
commenced the manufacture of duck. In
1793 he removed to New Hampshire, and
began the construction of the canal which
bears his name around Amoskeag Falls.
He died Sept. 1, 1807, in Haverhill, Mass.
BLODGETT, DELOS ABIEL, capitalist,
was born March 3, 1825, in New York.
He is the owner of large timber lands in
Michigan, Washington, Oregon and most
of the gulf states, and is largely inter
ested in real estate in Grand Rapids and
Chicago.
BLODGETT, HARRISON H., lawyer,
business man, was born Sept. 4, 1850, in
Copenhagen, N. Y. He graduated from
the law department of the State
University of Michigan; and has at
tained success in the profession of law
at Lincoln, Neb. He is also engaged in
several business enterprises, and is the
owner of Blodgett's park addition to Lin
coln, Neb.
BLODGETT, HENRY WILLIAMS, law
yer, state senator, jurist, was born July
21, 1821, in Amherst, Mass. He removed
with his parents to Illinois in 1831; stud
ied law in Chicago, and was admitted to
the bar in 1844. In 1845 he located at
Waukegan in the practice of his profes
sion; was elected to the legislature of
Illinois in 1852; to the state senate in
1858, and was appointed judge of the
United States court for the northern dis
trict of Illinois in 1870. He was the pio
neer in the building of the Chicago and
Milwaukee railroad.
BLODGETT, MRS. MABEL (FULLER),
author, was born in 1869 in Maine. She
is the author of The Aspen Shade, a novel;
Fairy Tales; In Poppy Land, a book of
fairy tales; and At the Queen's Mercy, a
tale of adventure.
BLODGETT, RUFUS, banker, United
States senator, was born Oct. 9, 1834,
in Dorchester, N. H. He moved to New
Jersey in 1866 and engaged in railroad
business, and is so engaged at present.
He is president of the First National
bank of Long Branch; and was a member
of the New Jersey legislature. He was a
delegate to the democratic national con
vention at Cincinnati in 1880, and was
elected to the United States senate as a
democVat and served during 1887-93.
BLOEDE, GERTRUDE, author, poet.
She is a poet and novelist of Brooklyn
who has usually written under the pseu
donym of Stuart Sterne, and is the author
of Angelo: Giorgio and Other Poems; Be
yond the Shadow; Piero da Castiglione, a
tale in verse of the time of Savonarola;
and The Story of Two Lives, a novel.
BLOEDE, MARIE, author, was born in
1821. Her poems and articles, both in
English and German, attracted attention.
Her husband, as the editor of the New-
Yorker Demokrat, a daily republican
paper, received assistance from her lit
erary labors. She died March 12, 1870, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
BLOOD, ARETAS, manufacturer, was
born Oct. 16, 1816, in Weathersfield, Vt.
He is connected with the Nashua Iron
and Steel Co.; the Manchester mills; the
Amoskeag Paper mill; the Manchester
Hardware company, and the Second Na
tional bank of Manchester, of which he is
president.
BLOOD, FRED GREELY, educator, law
yer, legislator, was born May 4, 1856, in
West Potsdam, N. Y. For many years he
taught school, and is now a prominent
lawyer of Mount Vernon, 111. He was the
organizer of the Farmers' Alliance and
Industrial Union of Illinois, of which in
stitution he was state secretary for two
terms. He served with distinction as a
member of the fortieth general assembly
of the Illinois state legislature.
BLOOD, HENRY A., poet. He is a suc
cessful writer of Washington, D. C., and
the author of a volume of poems en
titled How Much I Loved Thee.
BLOOD, JARED P., soldier, lawyer, a
lineal descendant of Sir Isaac Newton
on his maternal side, was born Jan. 18,
,__^____ 1844. in Whitefleld,
N. H. He received
his education at the
Lancaster academy,
N. H. He served as
a union soldier dur-
.ng the civil war, en
listing in the first
New Hampshire
heavy artillery, com
pany I, in August,
1864, and served until
the close of the war.
He entered the clas
sical course at Lombard university in
1866, and graduated in June, 1870, receiv
ing the degree of A. B.; and subsequently"
received the degree of A. M. from the
same institution. He has been vice-presi
dent, director and general counsel for the
Lincoln Park company and the Sioux City
and Morningside Railway company, of
which he was one of the promoters. He
has become one of the foremost lawyers
of the west, and has an extensive prac
tice in Sioux City, Iowa, where he is a
prominent member of the Masonic order,
G. A. R., and other fraternal bodies. He
has also contributed extensively to law
literature and various newspapers and
magazines.
BLOODGOOD, D., medical director, was
born in 1831 in New York. He entered the
navy as assistant surgeon in 1857, and
in 1884 was promoted medical director,
with the relative rank of captain in the
navy, and colonel in the army.
BLOODGOOD, FREEMAN A., educator,
author, was born July 17, 1867, in Cedar
Rapids, Iowa. He has attained success
in educational work, has been superin
tendent of city schools, and is now county
superintendent of schools of Fayette
county, Iowa. He is the author of a text
book entitled Civil Government and
School Law. and contributes to educa
tional publications.
BLOODGOOD, SIMEON DE WITT, mer
chant, author, was born in 1799 in Utica,
N. Y. He wrote The Sexagenary, or
Reminiscences of the American Revolu
tion: and a treatise On Roads, and con
tributed largely to the periodical press.
A few months before his death he was
appointed consul-general for the United
States of Colombia. He died July 14, 1866,
in New York city, N. Y.
BLOODWORTH, TIMOTHY, state sen
ator, congressman, was born, 1736, In
North Carolina. He was a representative
in congress from North Carolina in 1790
and 1791; a senator of the United States
from 1795 to 1801; and was one of those
who voted for locating the seat of govern
ment on the Potomac. He died Aug. 24,
1814. near Washington. N. C.
BLOOM, JACOB, educator, musician,
was born May 6, 1844, in Germany. For
several years he has been teacher of the
violin at Miss Baur's conservatory, of
Cincinnati, Ohio. He has instructed
many talented pupils wno have become,
in their turn, superior artists.
BLOOMER, AMELIA JENKS, suffra
gist, journalist, author, was born May 27,
1818, in Homer, N. Y. She married in
1840, and resided in Seneca Falls, N. Y.,
where she wrote frequently on the enfran
chisement of women, and on Jan. 1, 1849,
issued the first number of The Lily, a
semi-monthly publication, devoted to tem
perance and woman's rights, which at
tained a circulation of 4,000. In the win
ter of 1855 Mrs. Bloomer addressed the
territorial legislature of Nebraska on the
subject of conferring the ballot on women.
She took part in organizing the Iowa
state suffrage association, and was at
one time its president, but in later years
withdrew entirely from public life.
BLOOMFIELD-MOORE, MRS. CLARA
SOPHIA, author, poet, was born in 1824
in Pennsylvania. She is a Philadelphia
writer who has lived much abroad, and
chiefly in England, and is the author of
Miscellaneous Poems; On Dangerous
Ground, a romance of American Society;
Sensible Etiquette; Gondaline's Lesson
and Other Poems; Slander and Gossip;
and The Warden's Tale and Other Poems.
BLOOMFIELD, JOSEPH, soldier, law
yer, congressman, governor, was born In
Woodbridge, N. J. He studied law until
1775, when he became an active friend
of the revolution. He was afterwards
attorney-general for New Jersey; gov
ernor of that state from 1801 to 1812; was
appointed a brigadier-general by Presi
dent Madison, and was a representative
in Congress from New Jersey from 1817
to 1821. He died Oct. 3, 1823, in Burling
ton, N. J.
BLOOMINGDALE, JOSEPH B., mer
chant, was born Dec. 22, 1842, in New
York city. For a while he was engaged
in the dry goods bus
iness in New York
city, and in 1860
went to California.
After working at
various occupations
B9~ Lr£ in Nevada, Oregon,
^fc-^ •• Idaho and Montana,
he returned east and
^^^ ' entered into busi-
MBu^J 5 ness in New York
• city with his father
| and brother. Begin
ning in 1872 with
three employes, they now employ nearly
fifteen hundred workmen; and he is rec
ognized as one of the leading merchants
of New York city. He is prominent in the
Masonic fraternity and is noted for his
many acts of benevolence and charity.
BLOOMINGDALE, LYMAN G., soldier,
merchant, was born Feb. 11, 1841, in New
York. In 1872 he aided in organizing the
firm of Bloomingdale Brothers of New
York city, to transact a dry goods and
general trade, and is senior partner of the
firm.
124
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BLOSS, JOHN M., soldier, educator,
was born Jan. 21, 1839, In Washington
county, Ind. He was a private in the
twenty-seventh regiment Indiana volun
teer infantry, company F. He has been
an active member in county institutes,
and has been president of the State Teach
ers' association.
BLOT, PIERRE, instructor, author, was
born in 1818 in France. He was a noted
cooking instructor of New York city,
and the author of What to Eat and How
to Cook It; Lectures on Cookery; and
Handbook of Practical Cookery. He died
Aug. 26, 1874, in Jersey City, N. J.
BLOUNT, AINSWORTH EMERY, agri
culturist, horticulturist, author, was born
Feb. 6, 1831, near Chattanooga, Tenn.
During 1849-59 he was in the schools cf
New Hampshire and graduated from Dart
mouth college in July, 1859. From that
date to the breaking out of the civil war,
he was president of the Cleveland Female
college, Tenn. He then enlisted and was
captain of a company in the first East
Tennessee cavalry for over three years;
and in 1865 again assumed the presidency
of the Cleveland Female college until
1878. He then became professor of
agriculture and horticulture in the Colo
rado Agricultural college, remained there
until 1890, and has since occupied the
same position in the New Mexico Agri
cultural college. He is the author of an
important work on Agriculture and Hor
ticulture for the Farmer. He has given
a special scientific investigation to the
improvement of the cereals, as well as all
agricultural and horticultural products,
soils, and irrigation.
BLOUNT, I. T., lawyer, legislator, was
born Dec. 22, 1846, in Ripley, Miss. He
graduated from the Law School University
of Mississippi, and has attained promi
nence as an able lawyer of Water Valley,
Miss., where he has been mayor and also
held various other positions of trust. He
has served with distinction as a member
of the Mississippi state legislature, and
was a Cleveland elector in 1893.
BLOUNT, JAMES H., lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 12, 1837, in Clinton,
Ga. He received a classical education,
graduating from the University of Geor
gia in 1857; studied law; was admitted
to the bar in 1859, engaged in practice and
settled in Macon, Ga. He was a member
from Georgia to the forty-third, forty-
fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-sev
enth, forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth,
fifty-first and fifty-second congresses as a
democrat.
BLOUNT, THOMAS, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1760 in Edgecombe, N.
C. He was a general of militia, and a
representative from his native state in the
twelfth congress. He died Feb. 7, 1812
(n Washington, D. C.
BLOUNT, WILLIAM, United States
senator, governor, was born in 1744 in
North Carolina. He was a delegate to
the continental congress in 1782, 1783
1786 and 1787, from North Carolina, and
was governor of the territory south of the
Ohio, having been appointed to that office
in 1790. In 1796 he was chosen president
of the convention of Tennessee, and was
elected the same year, by that state, to a
seat in the United States senate. While
his impeachment trial was in progress in
the United States senate he was elected
a member of the state senate and made
president thereof. He died March 10
1810, in Knoxville, Tenn.
BLOUNT, WILLIAM G., congressman,
was a representative In congress, from
Tennessee, from 1815 to 1819. He died
May 21, 1827.
BLOUNT, WILLIE, legislator, governor,
was born in 1767 in North Carolina. He
was secretary to his brother William
while territorial governor of Ohio. He
was a member of the Tennessee legisla
ture; governor from 1809 to 1815, and a
member of the state constitutional con
vention in 1834. He died Sept. 10, 1835,
in Clarksville. Tenn.
BLOW, HENRY T., business man, state
senator, congressman, was born July 15,
1817, in Southampton county, Va. He re
moved to Missouri in 1830; graduated at
St. Louis university; devoted himself to
the drug and lead business, and served
four years in the state senate. In 1862 he
was elected a representative from Mis
souri to the thirty-eighth congress., and
was re-elected to the thirty-ninth con
gress. He died Sept. 11, 1875, in Saratoga,
N. Y.
BLOWERS, SAMPSON SALTER, law
yer, jurist, was born March 22, 1742, in
Boston, Mass. In 1785 he was appointed
attorney-general and speaker of the house
of assembly; and in 1797 chief justice of
the supreme court, having had for some
years a seat in the council. In 1801, he
became presiding judge, which office he
resigned in 1833. He died Oct. 25, 1842,
in Halifax, N. S.
BLOXAM, HENRY, physician, lawyer,
was born March 17, 1831, in Philadelphia.
Pa. He received his degree of medicine
from the Kentucky school of medicine
and attained success as a physician. In
1861 he was admitted to the bar, and also
attained success in that profession. He
was a representative in the county board
for several terms; prominent in public
affairs, and died Dec. 23, 1889, in Mount
Auburn, 111.
BLOXHAM, WILLIAM D., legislator,
governor, was born July 9, 1835, in Leon
county, Fla. In 1860 he was elected a
member of the Florida state legislature;
was presidential elector in 1868, and in
1870 was elected lieutenant-governor. In
1876 he was a member of the state ex
ecutive committee; was appointed secre
tary of state in 1880 for a term of four
years; and during 1886-90 was United
States surveyor-general to Florida. Dur
ing 1890-96 he was state comptroller. In
1896 he was elected governor of Florida
for a second term of four years.
BLUE, RICHARD WHITING, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 8,
1841, in Wood county, Va. He enlisted
in the third West Virginia volunteer in
fantry, and served first as a private and
later as lieutenant in said regiment. He
is a lawyer by profession and was in
active practice when elected to congress.
He has been probate judge of his county
two terms, county attorney two terms,
and a state senator of Kansas two terms,
and was elected to the fifty-fourth con
gress as a republican.
BLUNT, EDMOND MARCH, author,
was born June 20, 1770, in Portsmouth,
N. H. He was a bookseller of Newbury ••
port whose chief work. The American
Coast Pilot (1796), is still in use. He
died Jan. 2, 1862, in Sing Sing, N. Y.
BLUNT, EDMUND, hydrographer, in
ventor, was born Nov. 23, 1799, in New-
buryport, Mass. In 1855-56 he furnished
the points to determine the exterior line
of New York harbor. While he was on
the coast survey his attention was di
rected to the inferiority of the lights in
the American lighthouses, and he was
the proposer and advocate of the Intro
duction of Fresnel's system of signal-
lights. He also invented the dividing-
engine. He died Sept. 2, 1866, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
BLUNT, GEORGE WILLIAM, hydro-
grapher, author, was born March 11, 1802,.
in Newburyport, Mass. He was the au
thor of Atlantic Memoir; Sheet Anchor;
Harbor Laws of New York; and Plan to
Avoid the Center of Violent Gales. He
died April 19, 1878, in New York city.
BLUNT, JAMES G., soldier, physician,
was born in 1826 in Hancock county,
Maine. In 1861 he entered the army as
lieutenant-colonel of
the third Kansas
volunteers. He com
manded the cavalry
in Gen. James Lane's
brigade, and in 1862,
r^ . was promoted brig
adier-general and as
signed to the com
mand of the military-
department of Kan
sas. On Oct. 22, 1862.
in the battle of Old
Fort Wayne his Kan
sas and Cherokee troops routed the con
federate force concentrated at Maysville,
on the western border of Arkansas. On
Nov. 28 he attacked and defeated Mar-
maduke's forces at Cane Hill, Ark. On
Dec. 7, 1862, he encountered and defeated,
with the aid of Gen. Herron, the confed
erates under Hindman at Prairie Grove.
He died in 1881 in Washington, D. C.
BLYDENBURGH, CHARLES ED
WARD, engineer of mines, lawyer, legis
lator, was born March 19, 1854, in Brook
lyn. N. Y. He re
ceived the rudiments
of his education in
private schools; in
1870 he entered the-
Princeton col-
lege, and there grad
uated from the aca
demic department in
1874. The same yeai-
he entered the Co!-
umbia college
.school of mines, and
in 1878 graduated
therefrom with the degree of engineer of
mines. During 1881-82 he was county
superintendent of schools in Wyoming;
and in 1888 was a member of the house
of representatives of the tenth legislature
of Wyoming territory. In 1889 he was
admitted to the bar. and the following
year became city attorney of Rawlins,
Wyo., and served three terms. During
1892-94 he was president of the city coun
cil; and in 1896 was chairman of the
democratic state committee of Wyoming.
In 1898 he was nominated a justice of the
supreme court of Wyoming.
BLYE, BIRDICE, pianist, was born in
Iowa. When an infant she removed to
Indiana, and her home has been prin
cipally in New York
city. When ten years
of age she played in
concerts extensively
in London and the
chief continental
cities; frequently
playing before the
royal families of
England and Ger
many. She studied
with the greatest of
masters, and lastly
with Rubinstein,
who introduced her to the leading musi
cians of Germany as the coming great
American pianist. She is thoroughly edu
cated and speaks several languages flu
ently. She has an extensive repertoire;
and her playing is noted for the grace and
poetry of her interpretations, beauty of
tone, and perfection of finish.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
125
BLYTHE, JAMES, clergyman, college
president, author, was born Oct. 2?.,
1765, in Mecklenburg county, N. C.
He was president of Transylvania col
lege for several years, but resigned
about 1818 and established a semi
nary for young ladies. In 1832 he ac
cepted the presidency of South Hanover
college, which he resigned in 1836. He
died May 2, 1842, in Hanover, Ind.
BOARDMAN, ARTHUR EDWIN, rail
road president, was born March 20, 1850,
in Macon, Ga. Since 1894 he has been
president of the Hendersonville and Bre-
vard railway, at Brevard, N. C.
BOARDMAN, DAVID SHERMAN, law
yer, jurist, was born in 1768. For several
years he was chief justice of the supreme
court of Connecticut. He died Dec. 2,
1864, in New Milford, Conn.
BOARDMAN, ELIJAH, merchant, legis
lator, United States senator, was born
March 7, 1760, in New Milford, Mass. He
became a successful merchant; was fre
quently a member of the legislature; was
a member of the council; and was a
senator in congress from Connecticut
from 1821 to 1823. He died Oct. 8, 1823,
in Boardman, Ohio.
BOARDMAN, GEORGE DANA, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 18, 1828, in
Burmah. He is a prominent baptist cler
gyman of Philadelphia; and the author
of Coronation of Love; Studies in the
Creative Week; Epiphanies of the Risen
Lord; Studies in the Mountain Instruc
tion; University Lectures on the Ten
Commandments; and The Divine Man.
BOARDMAN, GEORGE NYE, clergy
man, educator, was born Dec. 23, 1825, in
Pittsford, Vt. In 1859 he accepted a call
to the pastorate of the First Presbyterian
•church in Bingham, N. Y. In 1871 he re
signed this pastorate to accept a profes
sorship in Chicago Theological seminary,
which post he still holds.
BOARDMAN, HENRY AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, author, was born Jan. 9, 1808,
in Troy, N. Y. He was once a noted pres-
byterian divine of Philadelphia; and the
author of The Bible In the Family; The
Bible in the Counting-House; The Chris
tian Ministry not a Priesthood; Earthly
Suffering and Heavenly Glory; and A
Handful of Corn. He died June 15, 1880,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
BOARDMAN, SAMUEL WARD, clergy
man, educator, college president, was born
Aug. 31, 1830, in Pittsford, Vt. He gradu
ated from the Castleton seminary in
1847, Middlebury college in 1851, and An-
dover Theological seminary in 1855; and
has filled pastorates in the congregational
and presbyterian churches. Since 1889
he has been president of the Maryville
college of Maryville, Tenn.
BOARDMAN, WILLIAM W., lawyer,
jurist, legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 10, 1794, in New Milford, Conn. He
was at one time judge of probate; for
several years in the state legislature,
and speaker of the house; and was a
representative in congress from Connecti
cut from 1841 to 1843.
BOARMAN, ALECK, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 10, 1839, in
Yazoo City, Miss. He served throughout
the war as an officer in the confederate
army. He began to practice law in 1866;
and settled in Louisiana. He was a repre
sentative from that state to the forty-
second congress to fill a vacancy; was
judge of the state district court for one
term; and in 1881 was appointed United
States district judge for the western dis
trict of Louisiana.
BOARMAN, CHARLES, naval officer,
was born in Maryland. During the civil
war he was on special service. He was
retired with the rank of commodore on
April 4, 1867, and made a rear-admiral on
the retired list, Aug. 15, 1876. He died
Sept. 13, 1879, in Martinsburg, W. Va.
BOATMAN, J. AUSTIN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 7, 1848, in Jessamine
county, Ky. He is a graduate of the
De Pauw university, and has attained
distinction as one of the foremost Iowa
clergymen of the methodist episcopal
church. He has filled pastorates in Iowa
at Newton, Albia, Brooklyn, Washing
ton, Bloomfield, and is now at Fairfield.
He is the author of The Holy Mother,
a poem; and Paido-Theology, a study of
the status of childhood under Christian
ity.
BOATNER, CHARLES J., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 23,
1849, in Columbia, La. He was admitted
to the bar in January, 1870; and was
elected a member of the state senate in
1876. He was elected to the fifty-first,
fifty-second and fifty-third congresses,
and received the certificate of election to
the fifty-fourth congress, but his seat was
declared vacant March 20, 1896. At a
special election held June 10, 1896, he was
elected to the short term of the fifty-
fourth congress as a democrat.
BOCKEE, ABRAHAM, jurist, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in North
east, N. Y. He was a member of the state
legislature in 1820, a representative in
congress from New York from 1829 to
1831, and again from 1833 to 1837. He was
a member of the state senate from 1842
to 1845; and also held the position, in
1846, of first judge of the Dutchess county
court. He died June 1, 1865, in Pough-
keepsie, N. Y.
BOCOCK, THOMAS S., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1815 in Bucking
ham county, Va. He sat for several terms
in the house of delegates, was elected to
congress as a democrat in 1846, and sat
for seven successive terms, until the or
dinance of secession was enacted. In 1861
he was elected to the confederate con
gress.
BODEN, ANDREW, congressman, was
born in Carlisle, Pa. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1817 to 1821.
BODINE, ROBERT N., educator, law
yer, legislator, congressman, was born
Dec. 17, 1837, in Monroe county, Mo. He
has held the office of
prosecuting attorney
and been elected
twice a member of
the Missouri legis
lature, in which ca
pacity he was a
member of the com
mittee on the revis
ion of the statutes.
He was a member of
the board of regents
of the Kirksville
Normal school at the
time of his nomination for congress; and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
BODINE, WILLIAM BUDD, clergyman,
college president, was born March 10,
1841, in Burlington county, N. J. He has
been rector of the Memorial church of
Baltimore, Md.; president of Kenyon col
lege, Ohio; and is now rector of the
Church of the Savior of Philadelphia, Pa.
BODLE, CHARLES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1833 to 1835. He died in
1836 in New York city.
BODLEY, RACHEL L., physician,
chemist, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio.
She was elected dean of the faculty of
the Women's Medical college of Pennsyl
vania, and lecturer on chemistry in the
Franklin institute of Philadelphia She
died in 1888.
BODMAN, EDWARD CUSHMAN, mer
chant, was born March 22, 1840, in Charle-
mont, Mass. He was in the grain trade
in Toledo in 1865-85, being president of
the Northern National bank there, 1873-
82. He went to New York in 1885, and
his firm of Milmine, Bodman and Co.
have already won a name, ranking as a
leading house in the grain trade.
BODWELL, CHARLES, farmer, legis
lator, was born in Methuen, Mass. He
was a successful farmer and millwright
of Dracut, Mass.; and in 1821-^^ was a
member of the Massachusetts house of
representatives.
BODWELL, JOSEPH R., governor of
Maine, was born June 18, 1818, in Me
thuen, Mass. He opened quarries in 1852
on an island in Penobscot bay, and organ
ized the Bodwell, and, in 1870, the Hallo-
well granite company. He served twice in
the legislature, and in 1886 was elected
governor by the republicans. He died
Dec. 15, 1887, in Hallowell, Maine.
BOEDECKER, G. A. W., poet, business
man. He is a successful business man
of Brooklyn, Kan.; and contributes ex
tensively both prose and verse to tne
periodical press.
BOEN, HALDOR E., educator, congress
man, was born Jan. 2, 1851, in Norway.
In 1888 he was elected register of deeds
and re-elected in 1890; was chairman of
fifth congressional district alliance com
mittee in 1890; was chairman of the first
congressional committee of the people's
party in the seventh district in 1892; and
was elected to the fifty-third congress as
the candidate of the people's party.
BOERUM, SIMON, congressman, was
born Feb. 29, 1724, in New Lots, N. Y.
He was a delegate from New York to the
continental congress, from 1774 to 17V7.
He died July 11, 1775, in BrooKiyn Ferry,
N. Y.
BOGARDUS, ABRAHAM, photograph
er, was born Nov. 29, 1822, in Fishkill,
N. Y. Numerous improvements in the
preparations of solutions, processes, and
apparatus have been devised by him.
BOGARDUS, CHARLES, soldier, legis
lator, was born March 28, 1841, in Cayuga
county, N. Y. In 1862 he enlisted as a
private in the one hundred and fifty-first
New York infantry; and was brevetted
to a colonelcy for gallant and meritori
ous services before Petersburg. He was
once severely wounded, and captured by
the enemy. He has served with distinc
tion as a member of the Illinois state
senate.
BOGARDUS, JAMES, engineer, invent
or, was born March 14, 1800, in Catskill,
N. Y. He made important improvements
in cotton spinning, invented many useful
mechanical instruments, and in 1847 he
built in New York city the first iron build
ing in the United States. He died April
13, 1874, in New York city, N. Y.
BOGART, ELIZABETH, poet, was born
about 1806 in New York city. She con
tributed to periodicals, chiefly the New
York Mirror, under the pen-name of
Estelle, her first pieces appearing in 1825.
Specimens of her poetry are reprinted in
Griswold's Female Poets of America.
She wrote two prize stories, entitled The
Effect of a Single Folly, and The Forged
Note, evincing constructive ability; and
He Came Too Late, and other poems.
126
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BOGART, G. HENRI, educator, jour
nalist, poet, was born Oct. 26, 1857, in
Cincinnati, Ohio. He has attained suc
cess as an educator and journalist. He
is the author of about five hundred poems,
including songs and recitation pieces.
BOGART, WILLIAM HENRY, author,
was born Nov. 28, 1810, in Albany,' N. Y.
He was the author of Life of Daniel
Boone; and Who Goes There? or Men
and Events. He died Aug. 21, 1888, in
Aurora, N. Y.
BOGGESS, CALEB, lawyer, was born
April 29, 1822, in Lumberport, W. Va. In
1842 he was appointed a cadet in the Vir
ginia Military insti
tute, from which he
graduated three
years later with the
highest honors. He
then returned to
Clarksburg and stud
ied law, and prac
ticed his profession
for more than thirty
years. He was elect
ed as a union candi
date to represent
Lewis county in the
convention of Richmond. He was the
chief counsel for West Virginia of the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad. He pos
sessed a rare legal and mathematical
mind; had a large practice in the su
preme court of appeals of the state, and
argued a number of important cases in
the supreme court of the United States.
He died April 14, 1889.
BOGGS, CHARLES STUART, naval of
ficer, was born Jan. 28, 1811, in New
Brunswick, N. J. He was promoted to
the rank of captain on July 16, 1862, and
was made a commodore July 25, 1866. He
commanded the steamer De Soto, of the
North Atlantic squadron, in 1867-68. In
1869-70 he was assigned to the European
fleet, and prepared a report on the condi
tion of steam-engines afloat. On July 1,
1870, he received promotion to rear-ad
miral, and was appointed lighthouse in
spector of the third district. He was
placed on the retired list in 1873. He died
April 22, 1888, in New Brunswick, N. J.
BOGGS, GEORGE BRENTON, civil en
gineer, was born Jan. 8, 1844, in Somer-
ville, N. J. He entered the railroad ser
vice in 1862; and is now chief engineer
and comptroller of the Perkiomen rail
road at Norristown, Pa.
BOGGS, JULIUS E., railroad president,
was born Feb. 14, 1854, in Pickens county,
S. C. Since 1891 he has been president
of the Pickens railroad.
BOGGS, L. W., pioneer, governor, was
born in 1798 in Kentucky. He was gov
ernor of Missouri in 1836, and took a
prominent part in the expulsion of fhe
Mormons. In 1846 he migrated to Cali
fornia, and in the years 1847-49 was al
calde of the Sonoma district. He died in
1861 in California.
BOGLE, JAMES, painter, was born in
1817 in Georgetown, S. C. He came to
New York in 1836 and entered the studio
of Prof. Morse, inventor of the telegraph
and the founder of the national academy
of design. He executed portraits of John
C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, Daniel Webster,
Chief Justice Jones, Bishop Atkinson, of
North Carolina, De Witt Clinton, and Rev.
Dr. Budington. Among his later pictures
were portraits of Gen. John A. Dix and
Henry I. Raymond. He died Oct. 11, 1873,
In Brooklyn, N. Y.
BOGUE, GEORGE MARQUIS, capital
ist, was born Jan. 21, 1842, in Norfolk,
N. Y. From 1875-76 he was a member of
the Illinois legislature; in 1876 a member
of the railroad and warehouse commis
sion for the state of Illinois; in 1889-90
was president of the Chicago real e'state
board; and is also president of the pres-
byterian hospital and director of a num
ber of business corporations.
BOGY, LEWIS V., lawyer, legislator,
United States senator, was born April 9,
1813, in St. Genevieve, Mo. He was several
times elected to the state legislature; and
was commissioner of Indian affairs in
1867 and 1868. He was one of the pro
jectors and friends of the St. Louis and
Iron Mountain railroad, of which he was
for two years president. He was elected
to the United States senate for the term
commencing in 1873 and ending in 1879.
He died Sept. 20, 1877, in St. Louis, Mo.
BOHMER, JOHN GEORGE, educator,
college president, was born Nov. 9, 1848,
in Rich Fountain, Mo. He received his
education in the parish and public schools,
from private tutors, and at the Jones
Commercial college. He is one of the
most prominent educators of the west;
has filled the chairs of penmanship, book
keeping, commercial law and English;
and is now the president and pro
prietor of the Jones Commercial college
of St. Louis, Mo., which was estab
lished in 1841 by Prof. Jonathan Jones.
This college is the only institution in St.
Louis that teaches bookkeeping by actual
business practice; and their system is
protected both by patents and copyright.
Prof. Bohmer has made his college the
leading institution of its kind west of
the Mississippi.
BOIES, HENRY M., soldier, manufac
turer, philanthropist, author, was born
in 1837, in Lee, Mass. In 1882 he was
chosen president of the Dickson Manufac
turing company. He invented a new and
improved steel-tired car wheel, now
manufactured by the Boies Steel Wheel
company, of which company he is presi
dent. He is the author of a work en
titled Prisoners and Paupers.
BOIES, HORACE, lawyer, governor,
was born Dec. 7, 1827, in Aurora, N. Y.
In 1857 he was a member of the state as
sembly, and later resided in Buffalo. Soon
after the close of the war Mr. Boies re
moved to Waterloo, Iowa, where he quick
ly obtained a profitable law practice. In
1884 he left the republican party and be
came a democrat, being elected by them
governor of Iowa in 1890, to which office
he was re-elected. In June, 1892, he was a
prominent western candidate for the nom
ination to the presidency, and he is the
democratic leader in his state.
BOISE, JAMES ROBINSON, educator,
author, was born Jan. 27, 1815, in Blan-
ford, Mass. From 1852 to 1868 he was
professor of Greek in the university of
Michigan, and after 1868 in the university
of Chicago. He published in Chicago
Xenophon's Anabasis, with English
notes; the first six books of Homer's
Iliad; Greek Syntax; First Lessons in
Greek; and other text-books; and in 1884
Notes Critical and Explanatory on St.
Paul's Epistles.
BOK, EDWARD WILLIAM, journalist,
author, was born in 1863. He is editor of
the Ladies' Home Journal; and the au
thor of The Young Man in Business;
Successward; and a Young Man's Book
for Young Men.
BOK, WILLIAM JOHN, journalist, was
born May 11, 1861, in Netherlands. In
1881, with his brother, he established the
Bok Literary Syndicate Press of New
York; and in 1SS7 was associated with
his brother in compiling the Beecher
Memorial.
BOKEE, DAVID A., naval officer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 6, 1805, in New
York. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1849 to 1851.
He died March 16, 1860, in Washington,
D. C.
BOKER, GEORGE HENRY, diploma
tist, author, poet, was born Oct. 6, 1823,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a poet anil
diplomat of Philadelphia, and United
States minister to Turkey and Russia. He
is the author of four tragedies, Calaynos;
Anne Boleyn; Lenor de Guzman; Fran-
cesca da Rimini, the first and last are the
finest, the last having been revived with
success in very recent years. His vol
umes of verse include The Lesson of Life;
Poems of War; The Book of the Dead;
Konigsmark; Street Lyrics; Our Heroic
Themes. Plays of lesser rank are The
Widow's Marriage; and The Betrothal.
He died Jan. 2, 1890, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BOLEN, DAVID WINTON, lawyer, jur
ist, legislator, was born Aug. 17, 1851, in
Carroll county, Va. He was three times
elected to the state legislature; was four
years judge of the county court of Carroll
county; and two years judge of the fif
teenth judicial circuit of Virginia.
BOLES, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born July 16, 1837,
in Clarksville, Ark. In 1863 and 1864 he
served as a captain in the union army,
experiencing many trials from ill-health
and military arrests. In 1865 he was
chosen judge of the fourth judicial district
of Arkansas, which position he resigned
early in 1868. He was elected a repre
sentative from Arkansas to the fortieth
and forty-first congresses.
BOLL, JACOB, naturalist, author, was
born May 29, 1828, in Switzerland. He
was a pupil of Louis Agassiz, and was
employed by Edward D. Cope to go to
Texas and examine the fossiliferous,. and
iron deposits of that state, with a view to
determining their geological character.
He made many important discoveries in
the formations that he explored. He died
Sept. 29, 1880, in Wilbarger county, Texas.
BOLLAN, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born in England. He was an English
lawyer who settled in Boston in 1740, and
was subsequently colonial agent in Lon
don for Massachusetts. He was active
in its behalf and wrote many political
tracts for that end, among which The Mu
tual Interests of Great Britain and the
American Colonies Considered, is a favor
able example. He died in 1776 in Massa
chusetts.
BOLLER, ALFRED PANCOAST, engin
eer, author, was born Feb. 23, 1840, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is an engineer of
note whose specialty is bridge construc
tion; and is the author of Practical
Treatise on the Construction of Iron
Highway Bridges; and Report on Thames
River Bridge.
BOLLES, ALBERT SIDNEY, educator,
author, was born in 1845 in Connecticut.
He is a political economist of prominence,
and professor in the university of Penn
sylvania. He is the author of Chapters
in Political Economy; The Conflict be
tween Labor and Capital; Industrial His
tory of the United States; Financial His
tory of the United States, 1774-1860; and
Elements of Commercial Law.
BOLLES, EDWIN CORTLANDT, ml-
croscopist, lecturer, was born Sept. 19,
1836, in Hartford, Conn. From 1870 to
1875 he was professor of microscopy In St.
Lawrence university, Canton, N. Y., and
since 1-870 has lectured on that subject in
Tufts college at College Hill, Mass. He
has contributed articles on his specialty
to periodicals, and published sermons.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
127
BOLLES, FRANK, author, was born in
1856 in Massachusetts. He was a writer
of nature studies of the school of Jef-
feries and Thoreau, though with import
ant differences from either. He was the
author of From Blomidon to Smoky; At
the North of Bearcamp Water; Land of
the Lingering Snow; and Chocorua's
Tenants, a volume of verse. He died in
1894.
BOLLES, JOHN A., soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, was born April 16, 1809, in Eastford,
Conn. He was graduated at Brown in
1829, admitted to the bar in Boston in
1833, and in 1843 chosen secretary of state
under Gov. Marcus Morton. He was a
member of the harbor and back bay com
mission in 1852. From 1862 till 1865 he
served as judge-advocate on the staff of
Gen. John A. Dix, who was his brother-
in-law. He was brevetted brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers in 1865, and appointed
naval solicitor the same year. He died
May 25, 1878, in Washington, D. C.
BOLLES, JOSHUA A., journalist. He is
the editor and owner of The Gazette of
New Milford, Conn. His paper was es
tablished in 1872; and is fearless and in
dependent In all that it advocates. He
has taken an active part in the public
affairs of his city, county and state.
BOLLINGER, ALBERT C., lawyer,
state senator, was born Nov. 22, 1870, in
Steelville, 111. In 1892 he declined the
nomination for state's attorney of Ran
dolph county, 111.; and subsequently
served as a member of the Illinois state
senate.
BOLSTER, WILLIAM WHEELER,
lawyer, author, was born in 1823 in Maine.
He is a lawyer of Auburn, Maine; and
the author of Digest of the Law of Tax
Titles; and The Authority and Duty of
Town Officers.
BOLTON, CHANNING MOORE, soldier,
civil engineer, was born Jan. 24, 1843, in
Richmond, Va. He served in the civil
war; and from 1863-65 was commissioned
officer in the engineers corps, Confeder
ate States of America; from 1874-75 he
located several small railroads in Virginia
and North Carolina; and in 1876-79 was
engineer in charge for the United States
government. In 1887-88 he was president
and manager of the Richmond City rail
road.
BOLTON, CHARLES EDWARD, lec
turer, author, was born May 16, 1841, in
South Hadley Falls, Mass. He has at
tained a national reputation as a brilliant
lecturer; and is the author of a work
entitled Realistic Travels.
BOLTON, CHARLES KNOWLES, au
thor, poet, was born Nov. 14, 1867, in
In 1887 he published a
volume of poems en
titled From Heart
and Nature; and has
also published a
genealogy of the
Bolton Family. He
has traveled exten
sively in Europe,
and has given art
entertainments of
one thousand bril
liant views through
out America. His
other works are:
Gossiping Guide to Harvard; Saskia the
Wife of Rembrandt; Notes on Special
Collections in American Libraries (with
W. C. Lane). Verse: Poems: from Heart
and Nature; The Wooing of Martha Pit-
kin; and the Love Story of Ursula Wol-
cott.
Cleveland, Ohio.
BOLTON, HENRY CARRINGTON, edu
cator, scientist, author, was born Jan. 28,
1843, in New York city. He is a scientist
and professor of chemistry at Trinity col
lege; and the author of Application of
Organic Acids to the Examination of
Minerals; Literature of Uranium; Liter
ature of Manganese; Student's Guide in
Quantitative Analysis; and Counting-out
Rhymes of Children: their Antiquity,
Origin, and Wide Distribution.
BOL1ON, JAMES, physician, surgeon,
was born June 5, 1812, in Savannah, Ga.
In 1855 he opened a private hospital in
Richmond, Va.; was president of the
Virginia State Medical society; and pub
lished many articles on subjects pertain
ing to surgery and medicine. He died
May 15, 1869.
BOLTON, MRS. SARAH KNOWLES,
author, was born Sept. 15, 1841, in Farm-
ington, Conn. She is a miscellaneous
writer of Cleveland whose successive col
lections of biographical sketches have
been extremely popular. She is the au
thor of Famous Givers and Their Gifts;
How Success Is Won; Poor Boys who Be
came Famous; Girls who Became Fam
ous; Famous American Authors; Famous
American Statesmen; Successful Women;
Social Studies in England; Famous
Types of Womanhood; Famous voyages
and Explorers; Famous Leaders Among
Men; and The Inevitable, a collection of
pleasing, unpretentious verse.
BOLTON, MRS. SARAH TITTLE, au
thor, poet, was born Dec. 18, 1815, in
Newport, Ky. She was a writer whose
name is kept in mind by her oft quoted
poem, Paddle Your Own Canoe. She was
the author of The Songs of a Life Time;
and Life and Poems. She died in 1893.
BOLTWOOD, HENRY L., educator, au
thor, was born Jan. 17, 1831, in Amherst,
Mass. In 1853 he. graduated from the Am
herst college; and taught in the acad
emies of Pembroke and Drury, N. H.
During the war he was in the sanitary
commission; was ordained an army chap
lain, but never served. In 1865 he moved
to Illinois, and two years later organized
the first township high school in Illinois
at Princeton. He is the author of several
school books, and is still engaged in edu
cational work at Evanston, 111.
BOMBAUGH, CHARLES CARROLL,
physician, author, was born Feb. 10, 18^o,
in Harrisburg, Pa. At the outbreak of the
civil war he entered the army and served
as a medical officer in Gen. Stone's di
vision on the Potomac, and afterward in
Gen. Sedgwick's division. In 1865 he es
tablished and has since successfully con
ducted the Baltimore Underwriter.
BOMBERGER, JOHN HENRY AUGUS
TUS, theologian, college president, author,
was born Jan. 13, 1817, in Lancaster, Pa.
He was a German Reformed theologian,
president of Ursinus college, 1870-90; and
the author of Infant Salvation and Bap
tism; Revised Liturgy; and Reformed not
Ritualistic. He died iu 1890.
BOMFORD, GEORGE, military officer,
was born in 1780 in New York. The can
nons invented by him were further de
veloped by Dahlgr6n, but were supersed
ed by the Rodman type about the begin
ning of the civil war. In July, 1841, he
conducted experiments to ascertain the
expansive force of powder in a gun by
firing bullets through tubes inserted in
the sides. He died March 25, 184S, in
Boston, Mass,
BONAPARTE, JOSEPH CHARLES,
lawyer, was born June 9, 1851, in Balti
more, Md. He graduated from Harvard
in 1871, and at the Harvard Law school
in 1874, was admitted to practice, and has
attained a respectable rank at the Balti
more bar.
BOND, ELIZABETH POWELL, edu
cator, author, was born Jan. 25, 1841, in
Clinton, N. Y. During 1865-70 she was
director of physical culture in Vassar col
lege; since 1880 has been a member of
the faculty of Swarthmore college, Penn
sylvania; and dean of that institution
since 1890. She is the author of Words
by the Way, and other works.
BOND, FRANK STUART, was born
Feb. 1, 1830, in Sturbridge, Mass. In 1886
he was elected vice-president of the Chi
cago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway
company, and has since then represented
that company in the city of New York.
BOND, GEORGE PHILLIPS, educator,
astronomer, author, was born in 1825 in
Massachusetts. He was an astronomer of
note, and a professor in Harvard univer
sity. He was the author of On the Con
struction of the Rings of Saturn; The
Method of Least Squares; and Mathe
matical Memoirs upon Mechanical Quad-
rations. He died Feb. 17, 1865, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
BOND, HENRY, physician, genealo
gist, author, was born March 21, 1790,
in Watertown, Mass. He was graduated
at Dartmouth in 1813, studied medicine,
and practiced in Concord, N. H., and from
November, 1819, till his death, in Phila
delphia. For several years he was presi
dent of the Philadelphia board of health.
Besides numerous contributions to medi
cal and other journals, he published a
remarkably thorough genealogical work
entitled Genealogies of the Families and
Descendants of the Early Settlers of
Watertown, Mass., including Waltham
and Weston. He died May 4, 1859, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BOND, HENRY HERRICK, lawyer,
journalist, was born June 2, 1847, in Can
terbury, Conn. He was treasurer of the
Florence Savings bank; and with his
brother-in-law he established the North
ampton Journal. He died Oct. 22, 1881, in
Millboro, Va.
BOND, HUGH LENNOX, lawyer, jurist,
was born Dec. 16, 1828, in Baltimore, Md.
In 1860 he was appointed judge of the
criminal court of Baltimore, and in 1861
was elected to the same position, and
served until 1868. In 1870 he was appoint
ed United States circuit judge for the
fourth judicial circuit, and soon after as
suming the duties of his office he was
called upon to preside in the famous Ku
Klux trials.
BOND, JOHN R. S., journalist, was
born in 1822 in Ohio. In his youth he
traveled on horseback through the wilder
ness to Kankakee river, and then in a skiff
down that river and the Mississippi to St.
Louis. He owned at different times as
many as eight western newspapers, was
the founder of the Louisville Courier-
Journal, and at the time of his death was
editor of the Scioto Gazette. He died De
cember, 1872, in Chillicothe, Ohio.
BOND, LESTER L., lawyer, legislator,
was born Oct. 27, 1829, in Ravenna, Ohio.
During 1862-66 he was a member of the
city council of Chicago; was presidential
elector in 1868; and for two terms during
1866-70 was a member of the Illinois state
legislature. He was one of the founders
of the West Chicago park system; a mem
ber of the Chicago board of education;
and in 1872 was acting mayor of Chicago.
He was past commander of the Chicago
commandery, Knights Templars; and in
1897 was elected vice-president of the
Union League club.
128
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BOND, SHADRACK, legislator, con
gressman, governor, was born in Mary
land. He was a member of the first legis
lative council of Ohio in 1799; was elect
ed a delegate to congress from the terri
tory of Illinois from 1811 to 1815; and
was the first governor under the state con
stitution. In 1814 he was appointed re
ceiver of public moneys in Kaskaskia, 111.
He died April 13, 1832, in Kaskaskia, 111.
BOND, THOMAS, physician, lecturer,
was born in 1712 in Maryland. He was a
distinguished practitioner of Philadelphia,
delivered the first clinical lectures in the
Pennsylvania hospital, and was associated
with Dr. Franklin and Dr. John Bartram,
the botanist, in a literary society of that
city. He died in 1784 in Philadelphia, Pa.
BOND, THOMAS EMERSON, clergy
man, physician, author, was born in 1782
in Baltimore, Md. In 1827 he published
an Appeal to Methodists, directed against
the proposed changes, in 1828 a Narrative
and Defence of the Church Authorities,
and in 1831 and 1832 he defended the pol
ity of episcopal methoclism in a journal
printed in Baltimore called the Itinerant,
of which he was editor. He subsequently
edited for twelve years the Christian Ad
vocate and Journal, the leading methodist
organ of which he assumed charge in
1840. He died March 14, 1856, in New
York.
BOND, THOMAS EMERSON, clergy
man, journalist, was born in 1813 in Balti
more, Md. He became a local methodist
preacher, and also studied medicine and
took his degree in Baltimore. His father
was editor of the Baltimore Christian Ad
vocate and Journal, and young Bond be
came his efficient assistant, distinguished
for humor and sarcastic power. After the
close of the war he was one of the origi
nators of the Episcopal Methodist, the
organ of the southern church, but subse
quently severed his connection with that
paper and established another journal
in the same interest. After publishing
that for a short time he consolidated it
with the Southern Christian Advocate,
published simultaneously in Baltimore
and St. Louis, of which he was associate
editor. He died Aug. 18, 1872, in Har-
ford county, Md.
BOND, WILLIAM CRANCH, astron
omer, was born Sept. 8, 1789, in Portland,
Maine. He distinguished himself by his
observations on Saturn and celestial
photography. He, with his son, discov
ered a satellite of Neptune and the eighth
satellite of Saturn. He died Jan. 29, 1859,
in Cambridge, Mass.
BOND, WILLIAM KEY, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in St. Marys coun
ty, Md. He emigrated to Ohio in 1812;
studied law and settled in the practice of
the profession at Chillicothe, and subse
quently at Cincinnati. He was at one
time a colonel of militia; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Ohio from 1835
to 1841. He died Feb. 17, 1864, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio.
BONEBRAKE, GEORGE HENRY, sol
dier, lawyer, merchant, banker. He won
brevet as lieutenant-colonel, and later re
ceived from the war department the
medal of honor. In 1883 he established
the Los Angeles National bank, of which
he has since been president to date. He
has also established first national banks
In Pasadena, Pomona, Riverside, Santa
Ana, and Santa Monica, a state bank in
Santa Paula, and the Savings bank of
Southern California and the State Loan
and Trust Co. in Los Angeles.
BONER, JOHN HENRY, poet, was born
in 1845 in North Carolina. He Is a poet
and litterateur of New York city; and the
resides. She is
author of Whispering Pines, a volume of
poems.
BONES, MARIETTA M., philanthropist,
social reformer, was born May 4, 1842, in
Clarion county, Pa. Mrs. Bones was elect
ed vice-president of
the National Wom
an's Suffrage asso
ciation, and annual
ly re-elected for nine
years, when Susan B.
Anthony with thirty
of her friends voted
the organization into
another. In 1882 she
made her first ap
pearance as a public
speaker in Webster.
S. D., where she now
an active temperance
worker, and was secretary of the first
Non-Partisan National Woman's Chris
tian Temperance union in 1889; and she
has taken great interest in all reform and
charitable institutions. She is the wife of
Hon. Thomas A. Bones, the president of
the board of commissioners that built the
Soldiers' Home at Hot Springs, S. D.
BONHAM, MILLEDGE L., soldier, law
yer, congressman, governor, was born in
South Carolina. He was elected a repre
sentative to the thirty-fifth congress from
his native state, and was re-elected to the
thirty-sixth congress. He was a major-
general of militia, and served in Mexico
at the head of a battalion of South Caro
lina troops; and served as a major-gen
eral in the confederate army in 1861. He
was governor of South Carolina from
1862 to 1864; and was a delegate to the
New York convention of 1868. He died
Aug. 28, 1890, in White Sulphur Springs,
Va.
BONNELL, JOHN MITCHELL, college
president, was born April 16, 1820, in
Pennsylvania. He was a minister in
Frankfort, Ky. ; president of several fe
male colleges; and in 1859 accepted an
election to the presidency of Wesleyan
Female college, where he remained for
the last eleven years of his life. He died
at the college in September, 1871.
BONNER, EDWARD L., merchant,
banker, was born Aug. 18, 1834, in Orwell,
N. Y. He is the principal owner of the
present Missoula Mercantile Co., the larg
est and most influential house of whole
sale and retail grocers in the northwest.
BONNER, ROBERT, publisher, was
born April 28, 1824, in Ireland. In 1839
he was employed in the office of the
Hartford Courant,
where he gained the
reputation of being
the most rapid com
positor in Connecti
cut. In 1844 he re
moved to New York,
and in 1851 pur
chased the Ledger, at
that time an insig
nificant sheet. By
printing the most
popular class of in
teresting stories, he
gave the paper a wide circulation, which
was further extended by the contribu
tions of Fanny Fern, Edward Everett,
Henry Ward Beecher, and other eminent
authors and clergymen. He has made
large gifts of money to Princeton college,
and to various charities.
BONNEVILLE, BENJAMIN L. E., ex
plorer, soldier, was born about 1795 In
France. He was made brevet brigadier-
general in 1865. He was the author of
a Journal of an Expedition to the Rocky
Mountains, edited by Washington Irving.
He died June 12, 1878, in Fort Smith, Ark.
BONNEY, CHARLES CARROLL, law
yer, author, was born Sept. 4, 1831, in
Hamilton, N. Y. He is a lawyer of Chicago,
and the author of Rules of Law for Car
riage and Delivery of Persons and Proper
ty by Railway; summary of the Law of
Marine, Fire and Life Insurance; and Our
Remedy in the Laws.
BONNYCASTLE, CHARLES, educator,
mathematician, author, was born in 1792
in England. He was first professor of nat
ural philosophy in the University of Vir
ginia, and in 1827 was, at his own re
quest, transferred to the chair of mathe
matics. He was the author of a treatise
on Inductive Geometry, and several me
moirs on scientific subjects. He died Octo
ber, 1840, in Virginia.
BONSALL, HENRY LUMMIS, journal
ist, was born March 24, 1834, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He established the New Re
public in Camden, N. J., which he pub
lished for ten years; then left it to issue
the Post as a daily in 1875.
BONWILL, WILLIAM G. A., surgeon,
inventor, was born Oct. 4, 1883, in Cam-
den, Del. In 1871 he moved to Philadel
phia, where he soon took rank with the
most skillful and accomplished of his
profession. He gave to the world two
inventions of the very highest utility, the
surgical engine and the artificial tooth
crown.
BOODY, AZARIAH, congressman, was
born in New York. He was elected a rep
resentative from that state to the thirty-
third congress.
BOODY, DAVID AUGUSTUS, banker,
was born Aug. 13, 1837, in Jackson, Maine.
Several large corporations have secured
his interest, and he has been elected pres
ident of the Louisiana and Northwestern
railway; and vice-president of the
Sprague National bank.
BOODY, HENRY HILL, business man,
legislator, was born in November, 1816, in
Jackson. In 1842 he graduated from the
Bowdoin college;
and in 1845 was elect
ed to the chair of
rhetoric and oratory,
which position he
held for nine years.
He was then elected
to the senate of the
Maine state legisla
ture, and subsequent
ly represented his
town in the house of
representatives.Since
1855 he has been con
cerned in railroad enterprises, and has
held positions of great responsibility re
quiring administrative skill.
BOOGHER, JOHN HOGAN, lawyer, lec
turer, was born July 16, 1867, in St. Louis,
Mo. He received the rudiments of his edu
cation in the public schools of his native
city; and graduated from the University
of Virginia and the Washington Univer
sity Law school. He is a fluent linguist
and public speaker, and a noted law
writer and lecturer; but is best known as
an orator and skillful trial lawyer of St.
Louis, Mo.
BOOK. JOHN W., catholic priest, au
thor, was born Oct. 21, 1850, in Clark
county, Ind. In 1873 he was ordained
a catholic priest; and in 1886 was made
dean of the Cannelton district, Indiana.
He is the author of Short Line to the Ro
man Catholic Church; Side Switches of
the Short Line; Thousand and One Ob
jections to Secret Societies; Mollie's Mis
take, or Mixed Marriages; The Book of
Books; and other works.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
129
BOOKER, GEORGE WILLIAM, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 5 1821 in
Patrick county, Va. He was justice of 'the
peace, and then presiding justice of Henry
county court, for ten years. He supported
the government during the rebellion; and
was elected to the house of delegates of
Virginia in 1865. He was elected to the
forty-first congress, in 1869, as a conserva
tive; and was re-elected to the forty-
second congress. He died June 4, 1883, in
Martinsville, Va.
BOOMER, GEORGE BOARDMAN,
bridge builder, soldier, was born July 26,'
1832, in Button, Mass. He settled at an
early age at St. Louis, as a bridge builder,
He laid out and partly built the town of
Castle Rock on the Osage river. As col
onel of 22d Missouri volunteers he was
present at the surrender of Island No. 10,
and, at the battle of luka, was distin
guished, and severely wounded. He was
killed in a charge on the fortifications of
Vicksburg. He died May 22, 1863, in
Vicksburg, Miss.
BOON, RATLIFP, congressman, was
born in 1781, in Franklin county, N. C.
He was a representative in congress from
Indiana from 1825 to 1827, and again from
1829 to 1839. He died Nov. 20, 1844, in
Louisiana.
BOONE, ANDREW R.. lawyer, jurist,
legislator, congressman, was born April
4, 1831, in Davidson, county, Tenn. In
1854 he was elected a county judge for
four years; and was re-elected, but re
signed. In 1861 he was elected to the
legislature, but resigned and returned
home, where he remained until the close
of the war; in 1868 he was elected
Judge of the first district of Kentucky,
holding the position for six years; and
was elected a representative from Te
nessee to the forty-fourth and forty-fifth
congresses.
BOONE, DANIEL, pioneer, hunter,
was born Feb. 11, 1735, in Bucks county,
Pa. His name is always associated with
the settlement of
Kentucky, whose
wilds he was the
first white man to
penetrate. He was
the son of Squire
Boone, who came to
America from Eng
land in 1717. His
ruling passions were
love of adventure
and fondness for the
hunt. In 1812 he re
ceived from the
Kentucky legislature a grant of nearly
one thousand acres. He died Sept 26
1820, in Missouri.
BOONE, ENOCH, was born in 1777, in
Boonesborough, Ky. He was the first
white male child born in Kentucky. Dan
iel Boone's wife, with her daughters, went
to live with her husband in his palisaded
fort in 1776; but after Boone's capture
his family returned to North Carolina.
He died March 8, 1862.
BOONE, RICHARD GANSE, educator,
college president, author, was born Sept.
9, 1849, in Spiceland, Ind. He graduated
from the Spiceland academy, and has at
tained success in educational work. He
has been superintendent of schools of
Frankfort, Ind.; professor of pedagogy in
the Indiana university; and is now presi
dent of the state normal college of Ypsi-
lanti, Mich. He is the author of Educa
tion in the United States; History of
Education in Indiana; and other works.
BOONE, WILLIAM F., jurist, was born
in Maryland. He resided in Pennsylvania;
and was appointed an associate justice of
the United States court for the territory
of New Mexico.
BOONE, WILLIAM JONES, protestant
episcopal bishop, was born in 1847, in
Shanghai. He studied theology at the
divinity school in Philadelphia. Having
been appointed missionary bishop, he was
consecrated in Shanghai, Oct. 28, 1884
by Bishop Williams, of Yedo, and Bishops
Moule and Scott, English missionary
bishops in China.
BOORMAN, JAMES, merchant, was
born in 1783, in England. He was one of
the pioneers in the construction of the
Hudson river railroad, and was for many
years its president. He was also one of
the founders of the Bank of Commerce.
The Institution for the Blind, the Protest
ant Half-Orphan asylum, the Southern Aid
society, and the Union Theological semi
nary were among the recipients of his
bounty. He died Jan. 24, 1866, in New
York city.
BOOTH, AGNES, actress, was born in
South Wales. She has attained a national
prominence as a noted actress; and has
played in all the most popular cities in the
United States.
BOOTH, ALFRED, business man, was
born Feb. 14, 1828, in Glastonbury, Eng
land. He became a large dealer in oysters,
and, as time wore on, opened stores and
packing houses in different parts of Chi
cago. In 1880 Alfred E. and William V.
Booth, sons, came into partnership with
their father under the title of A. Booth
and Sons, and the concern is now incor
porated as The A. Booth Packing Co.,
capital, $1,000,000.
BOOTH, BALLINGTON, soldier, Salva
tion army commander, was born in 1857,
in England. He Is the second son of
General Booth, general of the Salvation
army in England. Ballington took com
mand of the training school for the army
at Hackney, London, in 1880; established
the work in Australia in 1884; and in
America in 1886. Being commanded by
the general to leave America and go to
another field of labor, Ballington resigned
his command and organized the Volunteer
army.
BOOTH, BENJAMIN, merchant, author.
He made known his system of keeping
accounts in a volume entitled A Complete
System of Book-keeping by an Improved
Method of Double Entry, containing also
a New Method of stating Factorage Ac
counts, adapted particularly to the Trade
of the British Colonies. It was written
humorously, with fanciful entries, under
the names of noted persons to illustrate
the new method.
BOOTH, EDWIN, actor, was born Nov.
13, 1833, in Bel Air, Md. He made his
first regular appearance upon the stage
at the Boston mu
seum in 1849. Edwin
Booth continued to
act with his father
for more than two
years after the ad
vent of the Boston
museum. His father
DelnS HI, he sud-
denly and promptly
took the place of the
elder tragedian, and
for the fii'st time in
h i s life enacted
Richard III. This effort, remarkably suc
cessful for a comparative novice, was
hailed as the indication of great talent
and as the augury of a brilliant future.
He died June 7, 1893, in New York.
BOOTH, EDWIN S., lawyer, legislator
was born March 24, 1865, in Keokuk
Iowa. He graduated from the Keokuk
high school, and from the Keokuk college
of law. He has attained prominence as
an able lawyer of Butte, Mont has
been an attorney of Silver Bow county
and has served as a member of the fourth
legislative assembly of Montana
BOOTH, EMMA SCARR, author, was
born April 25, 1835, in England. She is
the author of three volumes, entitled
Karan Kringle's Journal; A Willful
Heiress; and Poems. She has also com
posed numerous songs and instrumental
pieces.
BOOTH, HENRY MATTHIAS, clergy
man author, was born Oct. 3, 1843, in New
York city. He is an eminent presbyterian
clergyman and the president of the Au
burn Theological seminary of New York
He is the author of The Heavenly Vision
and other Sermons; Sunrise, Noonday
and Sunset of the Day of Grace; and
First Communion.
BOOTH, JOHN WILKES, actor, was
born In 1838, in Bel Air, Md. He first
appeared on the stage in St. Charles Bal
timore, and proved himself to be an
actor of earnestness and promise. His
last appearance was at Ford's theater in
Washington, which was attended ' by
President Lincoln, who was assassinated
by Booth the same night. He died April
26, 1865.
BOOTH, JUNIUS BRUTUS, actor was
born May 1, 1796, in London, England.
He gained a triumph as a substitute for
Edmund Kean in the character of Sir
Giles Overreach, captivating an audience
that was at first indignant at the young
actor's presumption. He continued to play
at Worthing, and found influential ad
mirers, who prevailed upon the manager,
Harris, to give him a trial as Richard III.,
at Covent garden, where he appeared in
that character in 1817, and delighted the
metropolitan audience. He died Nov 3
1852.
BOOTH, MARY A., microscopist au
thor, was born Sept. 9, 1843, in Long-
meadow, Mass. She is the editor of
Practical Microscopy of Springfield,
Mass.; and the author of several works
on that subject.
BOOTH, MARY LOUISE, journalist au
thor, was born April 19, 1831, in Yaphank,
N. Y. ' She was the editor of Harper's
Bazar from its establishment in 1867 to
1889. She made over thirty valuable
translations from the French. A History
of the City of New York was her only
piece of original writing. She died March
5, 1889, in New York city.
BOOTH, NEWTON, merchant, lawyer,
governor, United States senator, was born
Dec. 25, 1825, in Salem, Ind. He graduated
at the Asbury university in 1846; studied
law in Terre Haute, and came to the bar
in 1850. He was elected to the California
state senate in 1863; and was elected
governor of the state in 1871; elected a
senator in congress from California, and
served during 1875-81.
BOOTH, WALTER, soldier, merchant,
manufacturer, congressman, was born
Dec. 8, 1791, in Woodbridge, Conn. For
eighteen years he was president of the
Meriden bank; was a member of the
Connecticut general assembly and state
senate; and in 1834 was associate judge
of the county court. He was major-gen
eral of militia; and was elected a member
of the thirty-first congress.
BOOTHMAN, M. M., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 16, 1846, in
Williams county, Ohio. He was elected to
the fiftieth and fifty-first congresses.
130
HERKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA UF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BOOZE, WILLIAM S., physician, con
gressman, was born Jan. 9, 1862, in Bal
timore, Md. He was educated at the pub
lic schools and at the Baltimore City col
lege; graduated from the latter in 1879;
and studied medicine and graduated from
the College of Physicians and Surgeons in
1882. He was nominated for congress by
the republicans of the third congressional
district in 1894 against Harry Welles
Rusk, whose election to the house of
representatives he contested unsuccess
fully; and was renominated and elected
in 1896 to the fifty-fifth congress as a
republican. He is also president of The
League of Republican clubs of Maryland.
BORDEN, JOSEPH, congressman. He
was a delegate from New Jersey to the
colonial congress held in New York in
1765.
BORDEN, MATTHEW CHALONER
DUFREE, merchant, manufacturer, was
born July 18, 1842, in Fall River, Mass.
Their mills contain
about 200,000 spin
dles and more than
5,000 looms, produc
ing 35,000 pieces of
print cloth weekly.or
about one-half the
whole amount re
quired by The Amer
ican Printing Co.
The two companies
I are of enormous
| value to Fall River.
He takes a promi
nent part in public affairs, and is identi
fied with various philanthropic move
ments.
BORDEN, NATHANIEL B., legislator,
state senator, congressman, was born
April 15, 1801, in Fall River, Mass. He
was a member of the state legislature in
1831, 1834, and 1851; and was a repre
sentative in congress from the Fall River
district, in that state, from 1835 to 1839,
and again from 1841 to 1843. He was a
state senator from 1845 to 1848. He died
April 10, 1865, in Fall River, Mass.
BORDEN, SIMEON, inventor, was born
Jan. 29, 1798, in Freetown, Mass. He de
vised and constructed, in 1830, an appar
atus for measuring the base line of the
trigonometrical survey of Massachusetts,
which was found to be more accurate and
convenient than any instrument of the
kind then in existence. He was employed
as surveyor in the case of Rhode Island
vs. Massachusetts, tried before the United
States supreme court in 1844. After the
case was decided he surveyed and marked
the boundary line between the two states.
He died Oct. 28, 1856, in Fall River, Mass.
BORDLEY, JOHN BEALE, lawyer, au
thor, was born Feb. 11, 1727, in Annapolis,
Md. He was judge of the provincial court
in 1766 and of the admiralty court in
1767-76, and a commissioner to fix the
boundary-line between Maryland and
Delaware in 1768. He was one of the few
members of the provincial councils who
sympathized with the movement for In
dependence. Removing to Philadelphia
in 1793, he established there the first agri
cultural society in the United States. By
bis experiments upon his estate ia Wye
island, Chesapeake bay, and by his writ-
Ings, he was instrumental In diffusing a
knowledge of the art of husbandry. He
published Forsyth on Fruit-Trees, with
Notes; On Rotation of Crops; Essays
and Notes on Husbandry and Rural Af
fairs, with Plates; and A View of the
Courses of Crops in England and Mary
land. He died Jan. 26, 1804, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
BOREMAN, ARTHUR INGHRAM, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, gov
ernor, was born July 24, 1823, in Waynes-
burg, Pa. In 1855 he was elected to the
house of delegates of Virginia, and was
re-elected until 1860. He was also a mem
ber of the extra session of the legislature
in 1861, taking an active part against the
secession movement. He was president of
the Wheeling convention of 1861, to re
organize the government of Virginia. He
was elected a judge of the circuit court,
and held the office until 1863, when he was
elected governor of West Virginia. He
was twice re-elected, and was still in that
office when elected a senator in congress
from West Virginia, for the term com
mencing in 1869, and ending in 1875. In
1888 he was elected judge of the fifth cir
cuit of West Virginia; and died April 19,
1896, while serving in that office.
BOREMAN, JACOB E., journalist, law
yer, jurist, was born Aug. 4, 1831, in Mid-
dletown, W. Va. He was elected city at
torney of Kansas City, Mo., in 1861; as
sisted in raising troops for the war; and
in 1862 was appointed a judge of common
pleas, and elected to the same by the peo
ple. He was elected a member of the
Kansas state legislature in 1869. He sub
sequently purchased an interest in tha
Kansas City Bulletin and became its edi
tor. In 1873 he was appointed an associate
justice of the United States court for the
territory of Utah.
BOREN, SAMUEL HAMPSON, pioneer,
soldier, planter, was born Dec. 3, 1811,
in Tennessee. In 1838 he removed to the
republic of Texas; volunteered in 1846,
and served in the Mexican war with dis
tinction as a lieutenant of cavalry under
Gen. Zachary Taylor, and was in tbe
battles of Monterey and Buena Vista. As
a planter and cotton merchant he amassed
a fortune. He died Sept. 28, 1881, and
lies buried in Tyler, Texas, where his de
scendants live.
BORIE, ADOLPH E., merchant, public
official, was born in 1809, in Philadelphia,
Pa. Though not an active politician, he
was one of the originators, and moneyed
supporters, of the Union league in Phila
delphia, and was elected vice-president of
that body. In 1869 he was appointed to
a seat in the cabinet as secretary of the
navy. He died Feb. 5, 1880, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
. BORLAND, CHARLES, congressman,
was born in Orange county, N. Y. He
was a member of the New York assembly
in 1820; a representative in congress from
that state from 1821 to 1823; and was
again elected to the assembly in 1836.
BORLAND, SOLON, soldier, United
States senator, was born in Virginia. He
served in the war with Mexico as a volun
teer; was a presidential elector in 1844;
and was a senator in congress from Ar
kansas from 1848 to 1853. He was ap
pointed, by President Pierce, minister to
Central America. He took part in the re
bellion of 1861 as a brigadier-general, and
before the state had seceded raised troops
and captured Fort Smith. He died Jan.
31, 1864, in Texas.
BORST, ALBERT, composer, was born
July 22, 1841, in Liverpool, England. He
graduated in Zurich, Switzerland. He
has composed pianoforte and church mu
sic, and an operetta He is prominent in
the musical affairs of Philadelphia, Pa.
BORST, PETER I., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Schoharie county, N. Y., from 1829 to 1831.
He died Nov. 14, 1848, in Middleburg,
N. Y.
BORUM, WILLIAM DRAKE LECH-
LER, lawyer, philanthropist, was born
Aug. 4, 1862. in Strasburg, Va. He grad
uated from the Randolph Macon college,
and has attained prominence as an able
lawyer of Baltimore, Md. During 1884-88
he was journal clerk of the Virginia
house of delegates. He is the assistant
counsel to the Denver, Texas and Fort
Worth Railroad company, and to the Fort
Worth and Denver Railroad company.
He devotes much of his time to Christian
education and the reformation of children.
BOSLER, CHARLES H., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Nov. 8, 1866, in Dayton,
Ohio. Since 1873 he has practiced law
in Dayton, Ohio. He was elected to the
house of representatives of the seventy-
first Ohio general assembly as a republi
can, re-elected to the seventy-second gen
eral assembly, and served as speaker pro
tempore of the house. In April, 1896, he
represented Ohio at the Tennessee centen
nial exposition of 1897.
BOSLER, JAMES WILLIAMSON, mer
chant, was born April 4, 1833, in Hogues-
town, Pa. He was the organizer and
president of The Palo Blanco Cattle Co.
of New Mexico. The election of Presi
dent Garfield was due to him as much as
to any other man in the United States,
the financial part of that campaign being
organized by him, when it had begun to
droop. The handsome James W. Bosler
memorial building, of Dickinson college,
perpetuates his name. He died Dec. 17,
1883, in Carlisle, Pa.
BOSS, JOHN L., congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Rhode
Island from 1815 to 1819.
BOSSIER, PETER E., state senator,
congressman. After serving ten years in
the state senate, he was elected a member
of the twenty-eighth congress from that
state. He died April 24, 1844, in Wash
ington, D. C.
BOSTWICK, DAVID, educator, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 8, 1721, in
New Milford, Conn. He was pastor of the
church at Jamaica, L. I., from 1745 to
1756, and of the presbyterian church in
New York from 1756 till his death. He
published a sermon, Self Disclaimed, and
Christ Exalted; a Life of President Da-
vies, prefixed to his sermon on the Death
of George II.; and a Vindication of In
fant Baptism. He died Nov. 12, 1763, in
New York city.
BOSTWICK, MRS. HELEN LOUISE,
poet, was born in 1826, in Charleston, N.
H. She is the author of Buds, Blossoms
and Berries.
BOSWICK, WILLIAM L., politician, re
gent, was born March 15, 1837, in Enfleld,
N. Y. He was elected regent of the uni
versity of New York in 1876, and served
the state as canal appraiser from 1879 to
1S82. He was appointed cashier of the
United States custom House in 1889, which
position he still holds.
BOTELER, ALEXANDER R., congress
man, was born May 16, 1815, in Shepherds-
town, Va. In 1859 he was elected a rep
resentative from Virginia to the thirty-
sixth congress. During a part of the re
bellion he served as a representative in
the so-called confederate congress; and in
1875 was appointed a commissioner to the
centennial exhibition.
BOTKIN, ALEXANDER CAMPBELL,
lawyer, statesman, was born Oct. 13, 1842,
in Madison. Wis. He was a graduate of
the university of Wisconsin, and from the
law department of the university of Al
bany. From 1878 to 1885 he was United
States marshal of Montana; from 1893
to 1897 was lieutenant-governor of Mon
tana; and in 1896 was republican candi
date for governor of that state.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
131
BOTKIN, JEREMIAH D., clergyman,
congressman, was born April 24, 1849, in
Logan county, 111. He has filled leading
pulpits in his conference; served six years
as presiding elder; was delegate to the
general conference held in New York city
in 1888, and to the ecumenical conference
in Washington, D. C., 1891; was early
imbued with abolition sentiments and was
a republican until recent years. He made
three attempts to enter the army during
the last year of the war, but being under
age and size was rejected. He was pro
hibition candidate for governor of Kan
sas in 1888; and having early espoused the
populist cause, that party nominated him
for congress in the third district in 1894,
but he was defeated; and was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a populist on
the fusion ticket, as congressman at large.
BOTSFORD, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was born in April, 1763, in New Haven,
Conn. He was admitted to the bar in
1795; was a judge of admiralty in New
Brunswick in 1802-7; was elected to the
assembly in 1812, and for every succeeding
term until 1823, holding the office of
speaker from 1817 to 1823; and in the
latter year became judge of the supreme
court. He died May 8, 1864, in Sackville,
N. B.
BOTTA, MRS. ANNE CHARLOTTE
[LYNCH], author, was born in 1820, in
Bennington, Vt. She was a well-known
New York writer whose weekly receptions
were for many years the nearest approach
in New York city to a salon. She was the
author of Handbook of Universal Litera
ture; Leaves from the Diary of a Re
cluse; and Poems. She died March 23,
1891, in New York city.
BOTTA, VINCENZO, educator, author,
was born Nov. 11, 1818, in Italy. He was
an Italian educator who came to the
United States in 1853, and was for a
long period a professor of Italian litera
ture in the university of New York. He
was the author of The System of Educa
tion in Piedmont; Life of Cavour; His
torical Account of Modern Philosophy in
Italy; and Dante as Philosopher, Patriot,
and Poet. He died in 1894.
BOTTOM, NORPHIE ERNEST, journal
ist, poet, was born Nov. 14, 1869, in Anna,
111. He is the editor and owner of The
Enterprise, of Ong, Neb.; and his poems
have been given a place in several stand
ard works.
BOTTS, JOHN MINOR, lawyer, con
gressman, author, was born Sept. 16, 1802,
in Dumfries Va. He served in the legis
lature from 1833 to
1839, when he was
elected a representa
tive in congress from
Virginia, and occu
pied that position
until 1843. He was
also elected to the
thirtieth congress.
During the rebellion
he remained faithful
to the government
of the United States;
and was a delegate
to the Philadelphia loyalists' convention
of 1866. He was the author of Letters on
the Nebraska Question; and The Great
Rebellion. He died Jan. 7, 1869, in Cul-
peper, Va.
BOTTSPORD, SHELDON E., clergy
man, poet, was born Nov. 15, 1868, in
Edinburgh, Mo. For many years he was
engaged in educational work; then be
came a lawyer; and subsequently was
ordained a clergyman.
BOTTY, HENRY C., lawyer, jurist, was
born Dec. 27, 1854, in New York city.
He has been engaged in the general prac
tice of law in all its branches in his native
city. In 1895 he was appointed chief jus
tice of the city court of New York.
BOUCICAULT, DION, playwright, act
or, was born Dec. 26, 1822, in Ireland. He
was a successful actor; and among his
dramatic writings are Rip Van Winkle;
Led Astray; Colleen Bawn; and many
other noted plays. He died Sept. 18, 1890,
in New York city.
BOUCK, GABRIEL, soldier, lawyer, leg
islator, congressman, was born Dec. 16,
1828, in Fulton, N. Y. He was attorney-
general of the state of Wisconsin in 1858-
59; and was a representative in the state
legislature in 1860. He entered the union
army in 1861 and rose to the rank of
colonel. He was a delegate to the demo
cratic national conventions of 1868 and
1872; was again a member of the assem
bly in 1874, and was speaker. He was
elected a representative from Wisconsin
to the forty-fifth and forty-sixth con
gresses.
BOUCK, JOSEPH, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1831 to 1833.
BOUCK, WILLIAM C., state senator,
governor, was born in 1786, in Schoharie
county, N. Y. He was a member of the
state assembly in 1813, 1815 and 1817;
state senator in 1820; canal commission
er from 1821 to 1840; and governor of
the state from 1843 to 1845. In 1846 he
was a member of the constitntional con
vention; and from 1846 to 1849 was as
sistant treasurer of the United States in
New York city. He died April 19, 1859,
in Schoharie, N. Y.
BOUDE, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1801 to 1803.
BOUDINOT, ELIAS, philanthropist,
author, was born May 2, 1740, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a philanthropist of
Burlington, N. J.,
and the first
president of the
American Bible so
ciety. He was the
director of the mint
of Philadelphia i n
1796-1805. He was
the author of The
Second Advent of the
Messiah; The Age of
Revelation, a reply
to Paine; and The
Star in the West, an
attempt to identify the American Indians
with the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel. He
died Oct. 24, 1821, in Burlington.
BOUGHTON, GEORGE HENRY, artist,
was born in 1836, in England. His works
are popular and meet with a ready sale.
They are marked by simplicity, tender
ness, and subdued, but not weak, color
ing. He excels in delineating Puritan life
in New England. Among his pictures on
American subjects are The Scarlet Letter;
Return of the Mayflower; Puritans Go
ing to Church; and Rose Standish. The
Testy Governor is in the Corcoran gallery
at Washington, D. C.
BOUGHTON, MARTHA ARNOLD, au
thor, was born Feb. 18, 1857, in Corunna,
Mich. In 1880 she graduated from the
university of Michigan with the degree of
Ph. B. She taught school in Detroit,
Mich., until 1884, when she married Willis
Boughton, an eminent educator and au
thor. In 1895 she was one of the Ohio
delegates to the international convention
of the Woman's Christian Temperance
union, held in London, England. She is
the author of Memoir of John Motte Ar
nold (her father) ; and a volume of
poems, entitled Stars Through Cypress
Trees.
BOUGHTON, WILLIS, educator, author,
was born April 17, 1854, in Victor, N. Y.
In 1873-74 he was a student of the univer-
s i t y of Illinois;
taught school i n
western Illinois for
three years before
going to the univer
sity of Michigan,
from which institu
tion he graduated in
1881. During 1881-82
he was editor of the
Ann Arbor Courier;
in 1886-88 was em
ployed as writer for
Allen's History of
Civilization; and in 1890-92 was joint-
editor of the Journal of Pedagogy. In
he was instructor in the technical
school of Cincinnati, Ohio; during 1889-91
filled the chair of history and English
literature in the Ohio university; in 1891-
2 was lecturer on English in the univer
sity of Pennsylvania; and since 1892 has
ailed the chair of rhetoric and English
literature in the Ohio university. He is
the author of Mythology in Art; History
of Ancient Peoples; and other works. '
BOUIC, WILLIAM VEIRS, lawyer was
born July 20, 1846, near Rockville, Md.
He attended the Rockville academy until
seventeen years of age; then attended the
Columbian university of Washington
graduating therefrom in 1868 as A. B.,
afterward receiving the degree of A. M.
from the same university. He studied law
under the instruction of his father the
late Judge William Veirs Bouic, and since
his admission to the bar in 1870 has been
engaged continuously in that profession,
and is now the vice-president of the
Maryland Bar association. For seventeen
years he was mayor of Rockville, Md.;
chairman of the judicial and congression
al conventions of the sixth district of
Maryland; and presidential elector in
1892.
BOULDIN, JAMES W., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a represen
tative in congress from Virginia from
1S33 to 1839, having been elected to the
twenty-third congress in place of his
brother, T. T. Bouldin, deceased.
BOULDIN, POWHATAN, journalist,
author, was born May 24, 1830, in Char
lotte county, Va. For thirty years he was
editor and proprietor of The Weekly
Times of Danville, Va. He is the author
of Home Reminiscences of John Ran
dolph; and The Old Trunk, or Sketches
of Colonial Days, which latter work has
gone through two editions.
BOULDIN, THOMAS T., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born In Virginia. He
was a member of congress from Virginia
from 1829 to 1833. Before entering con
gress he had been a lawyer of high rank,
and an able and upright judge, highly re
spected for his talents and integrity. He
died Feb. 11, 1834, in Washington, D. C.
BOULIGNEY, DOMINIQUE, lawyer,
United States senator, was born in Louis
iana. He was a lawyer by profession;
and was a senator in congress from that
state from 1824 to 1829. He died March 5,
1833, in New Orleans, La.
132
HEHRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN • BIOGRAPHY.
BOULIGNEY, JOHN EDWARD, con
gressman, was born Feb. 5, 1824, in New
Orleans, La., of Creole descent. He was
elected a representative from Louisiana
to the thirty-sixth congress; and of the
representatives of twelve millions of peo
ple, he was the only one who refused 10
abandon his state to the leaders of the
secession movement, and continued in
congress until the close of his term. He
<Med Feb. 20, 1864, in Washington, D. C.
BOUND, FRANKLIN, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1829,
in Milton, Pa. He was elected a state
senator in 1860, and served three years,
declining a renomination. He was a del
egate to the republican gubernatorial con
vention of the state in 1864; was a dele
gate to the republican national convention
of 1868; and in 1884 was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the forty-
ninth congress; and was re-elected to
the fiftieth congress as a republican.
BOURGEOIS, CHARLES A., planter,
lawyer, legislator, was born Aug. 1, 1853.
in New Orleans, La. He graduated from
the Staright university of his native city.
He is a successful lawyer and planter of
Killona, La., and since 1879 has repre
sented the parish of St. Charles in the
general assembly of the Louisiana state
legislature.
BOURKE, JOHN GREGORY, soldier,
author, was born in 1846, in Pennsylvania.
He was a United States army officer; and
the author of The Snake Dance of the
Moquis of Arizona, a valuable contribu
tion to ethnology; An Apache Campaign
in the Sierra Madre; and On the Border
with Crook. He died in 1896.
BOURNE, AUGUSTUS O., soldier, man
ufacturer, state senator, governor, was
born Oct. 1, 1834, in Providence, R. I.
He engaged in the manufacture of india-
rubber goods at Providence; and in 1867
founded the National Rubber company,
of Bristol, R. I., of which he be
came the executive head. In 1873 he re
moved to Bristol; in 1876 was elected
state senator, and was annually re-
elected, without opposition, until 1883,
when he was elected governor of Rhode
Island. For many years he was con
nected with the state militia, serving in
every capacity from private to lieutenant-
colonel. For four years he was consul-
general for Italy.
BOURNE, BENJAMIN, jurist, con
gressman, was born Sept. 9, 1755, in Bris
tol, R. I. He was a representative in con
gress from Rhode Island from 1790 to
1796, when he resigned, and was appointed
judge of the United States district court
of Rhode Island. He died Sept. 17, 1808.
BOURNE, EDWARD EMERSON, law
yer, jurist, was born March 19, 1797 in
Kennebunk, Maine. He was state's attor
ney for York county in 1838 and 1841, and
judge of the probate court from 1857 till
1872. He was also for several years presi
dent of the Maine Historical society He
died Sept. 23, 1873, in Kennebunk, Maine.
BOURNE, GEORGE, clergyman, author
was born about 1760, in England. He
•was an ardent and learned controversial
ist, and wrote works on Romanism and
slavery. He died in 1845, in New York
city.
BOURNE, JONATHAN, capitalist, was
born March 25, 1811, in Sandwich, Mass.
Having made some investments in whal
ing ships, he sold his mercantile business
and devoted his attention to vessel prop
erty and whaling industry. At one time
he was the largest owner of whaling ton
nage In New Bedford, possibly in the
United States. He died Aug. 7, 1889.
BOURNE, RICHARD, missionary, was
born in England. He acquired a knowl
edge of the Indian tongue, and in 1670
was ordained pastor of an Indian church
at Marshpee. In 1660 he obtained at his
own expense a deed securing to those
under his charge the possession of'Marsh-
pee. His son Shearjashub, his grandson
Ezra, and his great-grandson Joseph, had
charge after him of the settlement at
Marshpee. He died in 1682, in Sandwich,
Mass.
BOURNE, SHEARJASUB, jurist, con
gressman. He was a graduate of Harvard
college in 1764; was chief justice of the
court of common pleas for Suffolk county,
Mass.; and was a representative in
congress from 1791 to 1795. He died in
1806.
BOUTELL, HENRY SHERMAN, law
yer, legislator, was born in 1856, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was graduated from the
Northwestern university in 1874; and
while there he won the oratorical prize
every year. Next he went to Harvard and
was graduated in 1876, and was given the
degree of A. M. in civil and international
law. He was admitted to the bar in 1879.
He has been a state legislator, with a good
record, and has been successful as a law
yer.
BOUTELLE, CHARLES ADDISON,
iiiual officer, journalist, congressman,
was born Feb. 9, 1839, in Lincoln county,
Maine. He early adopted the profession of
his father, a shipmaster. In 1862 he vol
unteered and was appointed acting master
in the United States navy; and he served
in the north and south Atlantic and west
gulf squadrons. In 1870 he became man
aging editor and in 1874 proprietor of the
Bangor Whig and Courier. He was elected
representative at large to the forty-eighth
congress; was elected as representative
from the fourth district to the forty-ninth,
fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third,
fifty-fourth, and fifty-fifth congresses as
•d republican.
BOUTELLE, DE WITT CLINTON,
artist, was born April 6, 1820, in Troy, N.
Y. After painting in New York and Phila
delphia he removed his studio to Bethle
hem, Pa., where he lived for many years.
He died Nov. 5, 1884.
BOUTON, EMILY ST. J., journalist, au
thor, was born in New Canaan, Conn.
In 1877 she became a member of the edi
torial staff of the Toledo Blade, a posi
tion she still continues to occupy. She is
the author of a volume entitled Health
and Beauty.
BOUTON, EUGENE, educator, author,
was born Dec. 6, 1850, in Jefferson, N. Y.
He is a successful educator, and has re
ceived the degrees of A. B., A. M. and
Ph. D. He has been deputy superintendent
of public instruction of the state of New
York; superintendent of schools in va
rious cities; and is the author of several
educational works.
BOUTON, JOHN BELL, author, was
born March 15. 1830, in Concord, N. H.
He is the author of Loved and Lost:
essays; Round the Block, a novel; Treas
ury of Travel and Adventure; Memoir of
General Bell; Roundabout to Moscow,
an Epicurean Journey; and Uncle Sam's
Church.
BOUTON, NATHANIEL, clergyman,
author, was born June 29, 1797, in Nor-
walk, Conn. He was a state historian of
New Hampshire. He is best known for
his edition of ten volumes of Provincial
Records and for a History of Concord,
and New Hampshire. He died June 6,
1878, in Concord, N. H.
BOUTWELL. GEORGE SEWALL, gov
ernor, congressman, was born Jan. 28,
1818, in Brookline, Mass. He was governor
of the state in 1852-53; secretary of the
tieasury in 1869-73; and was seven years
a member of the Massachusetts legisla
ture, in 1842-50. He was a member of the
thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, and
forty-first congresses; and during 1873-77
was a United States senator. He is the
author of Thoughts on Educational Top
ics; Manual of the Direct and Excise Tax
System of the United States; The Tax-
Payer's Manual; Speeches and Papers re
lating to the Rebellion; Why I am a Re
publican: a History of the Republican
Party; The Lawyer, the Statesman, the
Soldier; and the Constitution of the
United States at the end of the First Cen
tury.
BOUVE, EDWARD TRACY, author. He
is the author of Centuries Apart; and
other works.
BOUVE, THOMAS TRACY, merchant,
author, was born Jan. 14, 1815, in Boston,
Mass. For many years he filled the of
fices of curator and councillor to the Bos
ton society of natural history, becoming
its president in 1870, and continuing as
such until 1880. He has contributed many
scientific papers to the proceedings of
that society, and is the author of a His
tory of the Boston Society of Natural
History for the First Half Century of its
Existence, ending in 1880.
BOUVET, MARGUERITE, author, was
born Feb. 14, 1865, in New Orleans, La.
She is a writer of children's books of
notable excellence; and the author of
Sweet William; Prince Tip-Top; Little
Marjorie's Love Story; My Lady; A
Child of Tuscany; and Pierrette.
BOUVIER, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born in 1787, in Italy. He was
a jurist of Philadelphia; and the author
of Law Dictionary; and Institutes of
American Law. He died Nov. 18, 1851, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BOVEE, CHRISTIAN NESTELL, au
thor, was born Feb. 22, 1820. in New York
city. He is an epigrammatic writer, some
of whose sayings have been much quoted;
and is the author of Thoughts, Feelings,
and Fancies; and Intuitions and Sum
maries of Thought.
BOVEE, MATTHIAS J., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1835 to 1837.
BOWDEN, GEORGE EDWIN, congress
man, was born July 6, 1852, in Williams-
burg, Va. He was admitted to the bar,
but never engaged in the practice. He
was collector of customs for port of Nor
folk in 1879-85; and was elected to the
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as a re
publican.
BOWDEN, JOHN, clergyman, educator,
was born Jan. 7, 1751, in Ireland. He took
charge of the Episcopal academy at
Cheshire, Conn., where he remained six
years. In 1802 he was elected professor
of moral philosophy and logic in Co
lumbia college. He died July 31, 1817.
in Ballston Spa, N. Y.
BOWDEN, LEMUEL JACKSON, law
yer, United States senator, was born Jan
16, 1815, in Williamsburg, Va. He served
three sessions in the Virginia legislature;
was a member of the convention for
amending the state constitution in 1849;
and was a presidential elector in 1861. In
1S63 he was elected a senator in congress
from Virginia. He died Jan. 2, 1864, 1m
Washington city.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
133
BOWDITCH, CHARLES P., capitalist,
was born Sept. 30, 1842, in Boston, Mass.
Having inherited means from his father,
he invested them in corporations, and is
president of The Pepperell Manufactur
ing Co., and The Laconia Co., which oper
ate large cotton mills in Biddeford,
Maine. He is also an owner in The Mer-
rimack Manufacturing Co., The Nashua
Manufacturing Co., The Salmon Falls
Manufacturing Co., The American Tele
phone and Telegraph Co., The Jackson
Co., and The Massachusetts Hospital Life
Insurance Co.
BOWDITCH, HENRY INGERSOLL,
physician, author, was born Aug 9, 1808
in Salem, Mass. He was an eminent phy
sician of Boston; and the author of Life
of Nathaniel Bowditch for the Young;
The Young Stethoscopist; and Public Hy
giene in America. He died in 1892.
BOWDITCH, HENRY PICKERING,
soldier, physician, was born April 4, 1840.
in Boston, Mass. Soon after the begin
ning of the civil war he was commissioned
second lieutenant in the first Massachu
setts cavalry, and rose gradually until he
attained the rank of major in the fifth
Massachusetts cavalry, which office he re
signed in 1865. In 1871 he became as
sistant professor of physiology at Har
vard Medical college, and in 1876 was
elected to the full chair.
BOWDITCH, JONATHAN INGER-
SOLL, merchant, financier, was born Oct.
15, 1806, in Salem, Mass. By will he gave
$10,000 for the maintenance of the Bow-
ditch collection in the Boston library
and the purchase of works on mathematics
and astronomy.
BOWDITCH, NATHANIEL, mathema
tician, was born March 26, 1773, in Sa
lem, Mass. He was a trustee of the Bos
ton Athenaeum, president of the American
Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a
member of the corporation of Harvard
university. He was twice elected to the
state executive council of Massachusetts
and held many offices of trust and honor.
He was a famous mathematician of Sa
lem, Mass., whose translation of La
Place's Mecanique Celeste, with extensive
commentary, was his greatest work. The
New American Navigator was his original
work of note. He died March 16, 1838,
in Boston, Mass.
BOWDITCH, NATHANIEL INGER-
POLL, conveyancer, author, was born
Jan. 17, 1805, in Salem, Mass. He became
noted for accuracy and industry, and it is
said that scarcely a transfer of real estate
was made in Boston without his examina
tion and approval of the title. He wrote
altogether fifty-five folio volumes of land-
titles, containing 30.000 pages, besides
plans and maps. He published Suffolk
Surnames. This work contains curious
surnames met with by Mr. Bowditch in
his business. Its peculiarity is in the au
thor's system of classification by the deri
vation of the names. He died April 16,
1861. in Brookline. Mass.
BOWDOIN. JAMES, statesman, philan
thropist, was born Aug. 8, 1727, in Bos
ton, Mass. In 1756 he was state senator
and councilor; in 1769 was removed by the
governor from the position of councilor,
for his opposition to the royal govern
ment, and was at once elected representa
tive. In 1785-86 was governor of Massa
chusetts. He was the author of a volume,
of poems. Bowdoin college, of Brunswick,
Maine, was named in his honor, but en
dowed by his son James. He died Nov. 6.
1790, in Boston, Mass.
BOWDON, FRANKLIN W., lawyer,
congressman, was born in Alabama. He
was a representative in congress from his
native state from 1846 to 1851. He died
June 6, 1857, in Henderson, Texas.
BOWEN, ANDREW JACKSON, edu
cator, lawyer, legislator, was born April
16, 1845, in Eastford, Conn. For many
years he was engaged in educational work.
In 1880 he served as a representative in
the Connecticut legislature from Eastford;
and served in the same position in 1895
from Windham. He is now judge of the
police court of the city of v. ..uniantic,
where he has an extensive law practice.
BOWEN, ASA B., physician, surgeon,
was born April 12, 1842, in Eastford,
Conn. After a preparatory course in the
Mexico academy,
New York, he taught
several terms in the
district schools of
that town. In 1864-65
he served one year
on the American
man-of-war Neptune,
in the medical de
partment, nearly all
the time cruising
about the West In
dies. In 1868 he
graduated from the
Albany Medical college, then devoted
some time to clinical study in New
York city; and since 1869 has prac
ticed his profession in Maquoketa, Iowa.
He is a member of the Iowa State
Medical society; of the American Medical
association: of the National Association
of Railway Surgeons; and of the Masonic-
fraternity, lodge, chapter and comman-
dery. During 1878-92 he was United
States pension examining surgeon: in
1872-85 commissioner of insanity for Jack
son county: for three years a member of
i he school board; and local surgeon for
the Chicago and Northwestern railroad.
He is the author of Typhoid Fever and Its
Treatment; Management of Compound
Fractures; Scarlatina; and other valuable
medical papers.
BOWEN, CHRISTOPHER COLUM
BUS, lawyer, congressman, was born Jan.
3, 1832, in Rhode Island. He sealed in
Charleston, S. C., in 1862; was a dele
gate to the state constitutional convention
of 1867; and was elected a representative
from South Carolina to the fortieth and
forty-first congresses.
BOWEN, ELI, author, was born in Lan
caster, Pa., in 1824. He was the author
of Coal Regions of Pennsylvania; Pic
torial Sketch Book of Pennsylvania;
Rambles in the Path of the Iron Horse;
The Creation of the Earth; United States
Postoffice System; and Coal and Coal Oil.
He died about 1886, in Lancaster, Pa.
BOWEN, FRANCIS, journalist, educa
tor, author, was born Sept. 8, 1811, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a professor
of philosophy at Harvard university for
many years, and eminent both as philos
opher and political economist; and for
eleven years he was the editor of the
North American Review. He opposed the
systems of Kant, Fichte, Cousin, Comte,
and Mill, and was answered by the latter
in a third edition of his Logic. He was
the author of Critical Essays in Specu
lative Philosophy: Modern Philosophy
from Descartes to Schopenhauer and Hart-
niann; Treatise on Logic; American Polit
ical Economy; Principles of Political
Economy; A Layman's Study of the Eng
lish Bible Considered in its Literary and
Secular Aspects; and Gleanings From a
Literary Life. He died Jan. 22, 1890, in
Boston. Mass.
BOWEN, GEORGE THOMAS, chemist,
was born March 19, 1803, in Providence,
R. I. The results of his investigations
were published in 1822 under the titles
On the Electromagnetic Effects of Hare's
Calorimeter and On a Mode of Preserving
in a Permanent Form the Coloring Mat
ter of Purple Cabbage as a Test for Acids
and Alkalies. He died Oct. 25, isz8, in
Nashville, Tenn.
BOWEN, HELEN M., author, was born
Dec. 5, 1865, in northern Illinois. She
received her education in the high
schools of Chicago and Englewood. bhe
has traveled extensively in America and
abroad, and her Sketches of English
Places of Note were among her first ef
forts. Short stories followed this series
of descriptive articles, including A
Breath From a Cuban Battlefield; A
Gypsy Musician; and A Summer Vaca
tion. Her most representative work is A
Daughter of Cuba, a story dealing wun
the great question of Cuban freedom, in
terwoven with romance.
liOWEN, HENRY, soldier, farmer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 26, 1841, in Maid
en Spring, Va. He was educated at Emory
and Henry college, Va.; entered the con
federate army at the outbreak of the
civil war; was promoted to a captaincy;
and was taken prisoner in 1864 and con
fined in Fort Delaware until the close of
the war. He was elected a representative
in the state legislature in 1869, and re-
elected in 1871 ; and was elected a repre-
sentathe from Virginia to the forty-
eighth and fiftieth congresses.
BOWEN, HENRY CHAivm.ER. jour
nalist, was born Sept. 11, 1813, in Wood
stock, Conn. In 1848 the New York In
dependent was founded by five men, of
whom Mr. Bowen was one. Unprofitable
at first, the property finally came into Mr.
Bowen's ownership, and he has been sole
proprietor now for thirty years or more.
BOWEN, JAMES, capitalist, soldier,
was born in 1808 in New York city. He
was the first president of the Krie rail
way. He was a member of the New York
legislature in 1848 and 1849. At the be
ginning of the civil war he raised six or
seven regiments, which were formed into
a brigade, and took command of them, re
ceiving his commission as brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers in 1862. He died Sept.
29, 1886, in Hastings-on-Hudson.
BOWEN, JOHN ELIOT, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1858 in New York. He
was a New York journalist; and the au
thor of The Conflict of East and West in
Egypt; and Songs of Toil, a translation
from Carmen Sylva. He died in 1890.
BOWEN, JOHN H., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1813 to 1815.
BOWEN, OLIVER, naval officer, was
born in the last century. He was a revo
lutionary patriot of Augusta, Ga.. and
was successful, in the early days of the
war, in seizing a large quantity of pow
der stored on Tybee island, near Savan
nah, July 10, 1775. He was a member of
the provincial congress in 1775, and of the
council of safety. He died August. 1800,
in Providence. R. I.
BOWEN, REES T., farmer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 10, 1809, in Taze-
well county, Va. He received an academic
euucation; and was a farmer and grazier.
He was a representative in the legislature
of Virginia in 1863 and 1864; a magis
trate for several years prior to the war;
and the presiding justice of the county
court a portion of the time. He was
elected to the forty-third congress.
134
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BOWEN, MRS. SUE, author, was born
in 1824 in South Carolina. She was the
author of Sylvia's World; Gerald Gray's
Wife; Lily; and Busy Moments of an idle
Woman, a collection of stories. She died
in 1S75, in Charleston, S. C.
BOWEN, THOMAS M., was born Oct.
26, 1835, near Burlington, Iowa. He was
a representative in the state legislature
in 1856. In 1861 he entered the union
army as captain; in 1862 was promoted
to a colonelcy; served throughout the
war, rising to the rank of brevet brigadier-
general. And at the close of the war
he settled in Arkansas. He was president
of the constitutional convention of 10.
and 1868; served four years as a justice of
the state supreme court; resigned to ac
cept the appointment of governor of Idaho
territory in 1871; resigned the governor
ship and returned to Arkansas, where he
was defeated for United States senator.
He removed to Colorado, where he served
for four years as judge of the Leadville
district; was elected a United btates sen
ator from Colorado, and served during
1883-89.
BOWEN, WILLIAM MANUAL PEREZ,
lawyer, was born Sept 8, 1864, in At-
tleboro, Mass. He received his education
__^^^^^^^^^^ in the public schools
_^^^, of Rhode Island, and
f ^^ in 1884 graduated
i from the Brown uni-
\ » gM > versity. He has done
^fc considerable news
paper and literary
work; and his po
ems have attracted
favorable attention.
He is best known in
athletic circles; is on
the editorial staff of
The Triangle, pub
lished by the Providence Athletic asso
ciation, of which he is secretary; he has
been a member of the national committee
on improvement of highways, and his per
sistent and arduous labors in advancing
the adoption of better public roads are
well appreciated. Colonel Bowen is a
member of the Masonic fraternity; Rhode
Island Society of the Sons of the Ameri
can Revolution; the Massachusetts com-
mandery of the Loyal Legion; the
United Train of Artillery; and various
other fraternal orders.
BOWER. GUSTAVUS B., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Missouri from
1843 to 1845.
BOWER, WILLIAM HORTON, educa
tor, lawyer, congressman, was born June
6, 1850, in Wilkes county, N. C. In 1876
he moved to California and remained there
teaching till the summer of 1880, when
he returned to his native state. In 1882
he was elected representative in the leg
islature for Caldwell county; and in 1884
was elected to the state senate. In 1885
he was appointed solicitor of tenth ju-
dical district, and in 1886 was elected for
four years without opposition. He was
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
democrat.
BOWERS, EATON JACKSON, lawyer,
legislator, was born June 17, 1865, in Can
ton, Miss. In 1896 he was elected state
senator in the Mississippi state legisla
ture.
BOWERS, EZRA, journalist, poet, was
born Sept. 20, 1863, in Bowersville, Ga.
He is the editor and owner of the Ameri
can Union, a weekly newspaper which has
I'l-rome very popular in the south. He is
!'ie author of a number of poems which
1 :ive been incorporated in several stan-
il. rrt works.
BOWERS, HENRY FRANCIS, lawyer,
was born Aug. 12, 1837, in Baltimore, Md.
During 1871-75 he was county recorder of
Clinton county, Iowa; was a member of
the city council of Clinton; and for three
years was 011 the staff of Governor John
H. Gear. In 1887 he founded the Ameri
can Protective association, and was its su
preme president for the first six years
of its existence. He has attained promi
nence as an able lawyer, and has an ex
tensive practice in Clinton, Iowa.
BOWERS, JOHN M., congressman, was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1813 to 1814.
BOWERS, STEPHEN, clergyman, sci
entist, author, was born March 3, 1832,
in Dearborn county, Ind. He recruited a
company for the sixty-seventh Indiana
volunteer infantry in 1862, and did valiant
service for his country. He was ordained
in the methodist episcopal church in 1866,
and attained distinction as a revivalist.
His early love for science led him to ac
cept a position in the United States geo
logical survey, and for many years he was
connected with the California mineral-
ogical and geological survey. He has
written extensively on scientific subjects,
and is now the editor of the California
Voice, of Los Angeles.
BOWERS, WILLIAM WALLACE, sol
dier, state senator, congressman, was born
Oct. 20, 1834, in Whitestown, N. Y. He en
listed as a private in company I, first
Wisconsin cavalry In 1862; and was dis
charged from the service as second ser
geant Feb. 22, 1865. He removed to San
Diego in 1869 and in 1873 was elected a
member of the California legislature. In
1874 he was appointed collector of cus
toms for the San Diego district, and held
the office for eight years; in 1886 he was
elected state senator for four years, and
was elected to the fifty-second, fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses as a repub
lican.
BOWERSOCK, JUSTIN D., manufactur
er, banker, legislator, was born Sept. 19,
1842, in Columbiana county, Ohio. He re
ceived his education
in the common
schools of Ohio. He
has been twice may
or of Lawrence,
Kas.; in 1887 was a
member of the Kan
sas state house of
representatives; and
in 1896 became a
member of the state
senate, and served
with distinction in
that body. He is one
of the most prominent business men of the
west; and is president of the following In
stitutions: Bowersock Milling company;
Kansas Water Power company; Lawrence
Paper company; Lawrence National bank;
Lawrence Gas and Electric Light com
pany; Commercial club; and the Consoli
dated Barb Wire company.
BOWIE, JAMES, soldier, was born In
1795 in Elliot Springs, Tenn. He entered
the army during the Mexican war, and at
tained the rank of captain. He, with his
brother, invented the celebrated instru
ment for more than two generations
known as the Bowie knife.
BOWIE, ODEN, farmer, soldier, state
senator, governor, was born Nov. 10, 1826,
in Prince George county, Md. He was edu
cated at St. Mary's college. Baltimore;
and his occupation was that of a farmer.
He was a captain in the Mexican war: fre
quently s< rvrd iii the assembly and sen
ate of the state; and was go\ernor of
Maryland from 1867 to 1871. He was pres
ident of the Baltimore and Potomac rail
way company from the time of its con
struction, and was also president of the
Baltimore City Passenger Railway com
pany.
BOWIE, RICHARD I., lawyer, congress
man, was born June 23, 1807, in George
town, D. C. In 1836 and 1837 he was
elected to the legislature of Maryland, in
1840 was a delegate to the Harrisburg
convention, called to nominate a presi
dent; and was a representative in con
gress from 1849 to 1853.
BOWIE, ROBERT, soldier, governor,
was born in 1750, in Prince George county,
Md. He was captain in the second bat
talion of the Maryland Flying artillery in
1776; and was governor of Maryland from
1803 to 1805, and from 1811 to 1812. He
died Jan. 8, 1818, in Nottingham, Md.
BOWIE, THOMAS F., lawyer, congress
man, was born April 7, 1808, in Queen
Anne, Md. He served as deputy attorney-
general for Prince George county sixteen
years; served three terms in the legisla
ture of Maryland; and was elected a rep
resentative from Maryland in the thirty-
fourth and thirty-fifth congresses. He
died Oct. 30, 1869, in Marlborough, Md.
BOWIE, WALTER, congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was a member of
the Maryland convention of 1776; and was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1802 to 1805.
BOWKER, RICHARD ROGERS, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1848 in Mas
sachusetts. He was the editor for some
years of the Publishers' Weekly; and the
author of Work and Wealth: a Summary
of Economics; A Primer for Political Ed
ucation; Economics for the People; The
Library List; and Electoral Reform.
BOWLER, METCALF, patriot, was born
about 1730. He was a delegate from Rhode
Island to the colonial congress of 1765,
held in New York. He was speaker of the
Rhode Island assembly in 1774, when the
obnoxious royal decree reached Boston
closing the port and transferring the
board of customs to Marblehead, and the
seat of government to Salem. He was
thus the first to announce, in a public and
official way, the first united action to
ward resistance to royal authority.
BOWLES, ADA CHASTINA, minister,
was born Aug. 2, 1836, in Gloucester.
Mass. At the age of twenty-two she was
married to the Rev.
B. F. Bowles, a uni-
versalist clergyman,
under whose guid
ance she studied the
ology. In 1872 Mrs.
Bowles was licensed
to preach in Boston,
and after three years'
experience upon the
platform and pulpit
was ordained and be
came pastor of the
universalist church
in Easton, Pa. She has ever since been
actively engaged in church, reform and
philanthropic work; has been pastor in
Marlborough, Mass., In Pomona, Cal.,
and is now acting pastor of the univer
salist church in Kingston, N. H. Since
1869 she has been actively at work for the
advancement of woman's suffrage. In
1872 she was state lecturer for Massachu
setts; has been president of several state,
county and city associations for its ad-
Mincement: was a member of the Pacific
Coast Woman's Press association, and for
I en vents was secretary of the Woman's
ministerial confeiente.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
135
BOWLES, SAMUEL, journalist, was
born June 8, 1797, in Hartford, Conn. In
1824 he established The Republican, of
which he was editor and proprietor. He
died Sept. 8, 1851, in Springfield, Mass.
BOWLES, SAMUEL, journalist, author,
was born Feb. 9, 1826, in Springfield,
Mass. He was a journalist of Springfield,
Mass., and editor of the Springfield Re
publican. He was the author of Across
the Continent; and Our New West. He
died Jan. 16, 1878, in Springfield, Mass.
BOWLES, SAMUEL, journalist, was
born Oct. 15, 1851, In Springfield, Mass.
He received his education at Yale college
and the Berlin university. He is the editor
and proprietor of the Springfield Repub
lican, and director of the City Library
association of Springfield, Mass.
BOWLES, THOMAS HENRY, under
writer, was born Oct. 16, 1854, in Flu-
venna county, Va. He is president of the
Life Underwriters' association of Louis
iana; delegate from Louisiana to the
Trans-Mississippi congress at Denver,
Colo.; and has written on the science and
practice of life insurance.
BOWLIN, JAMES BUTLER, lawyer,
congressman, diplomatist, was born in
1804 in Spottsylvania county, Va. In 1835
he was elected a member of the legisla
ture; in 1837 was made district attorney
for St. Louis; and soon after attorney for
the Bank of St. Louis. In 1839 he was
elected judge of the criminal court; and
was a representative in congress from
Missouri from 1843 to 1851. In 1854 he was
appointed minister resident to New Gran
ada, and in 1858 was appointed commis
sioner to Paraguay.
BOWMAN, ALEXANDER HAMILTON,
soldier, was born May 15, 1803, in Wilkes-
barre, Pa. In 1826 he was appointed as
sistant engineer in the construction of the
defenses and in the improvement of har
bors and rivers on the Gulf of Mexico. He
was promoted first lieutenant in 1835, and
served with distinction through the civil
war. He died Nov. 11, 1865, in Wilkes-
barre, Pa.
BOWMAN, C. A., educator, college pres
ident, was born Aug. 29, 1861, in Dauphin,
Pa. This eminent educator and teacher
of psychology was president of the Fay-
ette seminary, Oregon, and in 1896 be
came president of the Albright Collegiate
institute of Myerstown, Pa.
BOWMAN, CHARLES WESLEY, jour
nalist, educator, was born Feb. 23, 1840,
in Cape Girardeau county, Mo. He re
ceived his education
in the private and
public schools of
Iowa and Missouri.
He served nearly
four years as a
Union soldier during
the civil war, and
•won a first lieuten
ant's and adjutant's
commission. Nearly
a quarter of a cen
tury of his life was
spent in journalistic
work, as editor and publisher; and in
1873 he moved to Colorado, settled in
Bent county, where he has filled the offices
of superintendent of public instruction
and probate judge. For three years he
was secretary of the Pueblo board of
trade; and for six years has filled the
office of county superintendent of public
schools, with rare ability and satisfaction.
BOWMAN, ED. MORRIS, musician, was
born July 18, 1848, in Barnard, Vt. He
has been president for eight years of
the American college of musicians; the
editor of Weitzmann's Manual of Music
Theory: and from 1887-89 was conductor
of the Newark Harmonic society.
BOWMAN, FRANCIS CASWELL, sol
dier, lawyer, musician, was born Dec. 29,
1831, in New York city. At tne beginning
of the civil war he joined the seventh
New York regiment, and subsequently be
came engaged in the organization and
service of the United States sanitary com
mission at Washington. He was an ac
complished musician, founded the Men
delssohn Glee club, of New York, and
was its president for five years. He con
tributed frequently to periodicals, and for
seventeen years was musical editor of the
New York Sun. He died Oct. 29, 1884, in
New York city.
BOWMAN, JAMES CLAYTON, educa
tor, was born June 11, 1862, near Roan
Mountain, N. C. He received his education
at the Globe academy, N. C., and at the
Grant Memorial university of Athens,
Tenn. He built the Bowman academy of
Bakersville, N. C., where he is now en
gaged in educational work. He has been
superintendent of public instruction, and
has filled various positions of trust in his
county and state.
BOWMAN, OBADIAH, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1851 to 1853.
BOWMAN, SAMUEL, protestant epis
copal bishop, was born May 21, 1800, in
Wilkesbarre, Pa. In 1847 he was elected
bishop of Indiana, but declined. He was
chosen assistant bishop of Pennsylvania,
and consecrated in Christ church, Phila
delphia in 1858. He died Aug. 3, 1861,
near Butler, Pa.
BOWMAN, SELWYN ZADOCK, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born May
11, 1840, in Charlestown, Mass. He was
a member of the state house of represen
tatives in 1870, 1871 and 1875; was city so
licitor of Somerville, Mass., in 1872 and
1873; and was a state senator in 1876 and
1877. He was elected a representative
from Massachusetts to the forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses.
BOWMAN, THOMAS, bishop, was born
July 15, 1817, in Berwick, Pa. He at
tended the Wilbraham academy, Massa
chusetts; Cazenovia
seminary; and grad
uated from the Dick
inson college, Penn
sylvania. During
1848-58 he was prin
cipal of the Dickin
son seminary of Wil-
liamsport, Pa.; dur
ing 1858-72 was
president of the De
Pauw university of
Greencastle, Ind.;
and in 1864-65 was
chaplain to the United States senate.
Since 1872 the Rt. Rev. Thomas Bowman
has been bishop of the methodist episco
pal church. In this office he his attended
all the conferences in the United States
and in Europe, India, Japan, China and
Mexico.
BOWMAN, THOMAS, merchant, con
gressman, was born May 25, 1848, in Wis-
casset, Maine. He is a descendant of
John Bridge, the puritan. He moved to
Council Bluffs in 1868, where he engaged
in commercial business; was elected treas
urer of Pottawattamie county in 1875, and
re-elected in 1877 and 1879. He was elect
ed mayor of Council Bluffs in 1882; and
was appointed postmaster in 1885 and
served until 1889. He was elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat. He
was again appointed postmaster of Coun
cil Bluffs in 1894.
BOWMAN, THOMAS FRANKLIN, law
yer, clergyman, was born May 22, 1857, in
Rutherford county, N. C. He received his
education at the Cumberland university of
Lebanon, Tenn. During President Gar-
field's administration he was appointed
United States commissioner for middle
Tennessee. He is entirely a self-made
man, and has attained an enviable reputa
tion in the south as an able lawyer and a
successful minister of the gospel.
BOWNE, BORDEN PARKER, educator,
author, was born Jan. 14, 1847, in Leon-
ardville, N. J. He is a philosophical writer
and professor of philosophy in Boston
university; and the author of The Philos
ophy of Herbert Spencer; Studies in The
ism; Metaphysics: a Study of First Prin
ciples; Introduction to Psychological The
ory; Philosophy of Theism; and Princi
ples of Ethics.
BOWNE, SAMUEL S., jurist, congress
man, was born in 1795. He was a member
of the New York assembly in 1834; a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1841 to 1843; and in 1857 was judge
of Otsego county. He died July 15, 1865,
in Otsego county, N. Y.
BOWNE, WALTER, grand sachem. He
represented New York in the senate for
three successive terms, and was appointed
mayor by the common council in 1827,
and continued to hold that office for the
four succeeding years. He died Aug. 31,
1846, in New York.
BOX, CHARLOTTE ANN, poet. She is
a writer of Greeley, Iowa, and her poems
have been given a place in several stan
dard collections.
BOX, HENRY W., lawyer, philanthro
pist, was born April 23, 1839, in England.
He stands among the leading criminal
lawyers of his state, having for more than
twenty years given special attention to
that class of practice. He is a leader in
philanthropic work; and the president of
the Buffalo, Bellevue and Lancaster rail
road.
BOYCE, JAMES, capitalist, was born
April 7, 1833, in Belfast, Ireland. He ia
senior member of James Boyce and Co.,
manufacturers of baskets and D and
long handles for shovels and spades, and
the owner of large investments in real es
tate and other prosperous interests, treas
urer of the Boyce Rivet company, makers
of rivets and machinists, and the Tap-
pan Shoe Manufacturing company, and
president of the National Gas Lines Heat,
Light and Power company, and the Citi
zens' Enterprise company. He has filled
numerous public positions of honor in
his city, county and state.
BOYCE, WILLIAM H., lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 28, 1855, in Sussex county,
Del. He is a successful lawyer of George
town, Del.; has been president of the
board of public education, and of the town
commissioners of that place. In 1897 he
was appointed secretary of the state of
Delaware; and in the same year became
an associate judge of the supreme court
of Delaware.
BOYCE, WILLIAM W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 24, 1819, in
Charleston, S. C. He was a member of
the legislature of South Carolina in 1842;
and was a representative in congress from
1853 to 1860, when he resigned. He took
part in the rebellion as a member of the
confederate congress. When re-elected
to the thirty-sixth congress he served as
a member of the committee on elections,
and at the time of his leaving congress
was a member of the committee of thir
ty-three on the rebellious states.
136
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYC1.OPKDIA
A.MKR1CAN BIOGRAPHY.
BOYD, ADAM, congressman. He was an
active supporter of the revolution, and a
man of strong natural ability. He was a
representative in congress from New Jer
sey from 1803 to 1805, and again from
1808 to 1813. He died in Hackensack, N. J.
BOYD, ADAM, printer, preacher, was
born Nov. 25, 1738, in Pennsylvania. He
served in St. James church, Wilmington,
N. C., for several years, and also in
Natchez, Miss. He published the second
paper ever published in Wilmington,
called Cape Fear Mercury. He diet! in
1803 in Natchez, Miss.
BOYD, ALEXANDER, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1813 to 1815.
BOYD, A. HUNTER, lawyer, jurist, was
born July 15, 1849, in Winchester, Va. He
graduated from the law school of the
Washington and Lee university, and is
the associate judge of the court of ap
peals of Maryland.
BOYD, JAMES E., governor, was born
Sept. 9, 1834, in Ireland. In 1870 he or
ganized the Omaha and Northwestern rail
road, of which he was elected first presi
dent; in 1881-83 he was president of the
board of trade; member of the Nebraska
state legislature; and in 1890 was elected
governor of Nebraska.
BOYD, JAMES ROBERT, clergyman,
educator, author, was born in 1804 in
Hunter, N. Y. He was a presbyterian
clergyman, formerly professor of moral
philosophy at Hamilton college; and the
author of Elements of Rhetoric and Liter
ary Criticism; Moral Philosophy; The
Westminster Shorter Catechism, with
Analysis; Elements of Logic; Last Days
of a Christian Philosopher; and Memoir
of Doddridge. He died Feb. 19, 1890, in
Geneva, N. Y.
BOYD, JOHN H., congressman, was
born in New York. In 1840 he was a mem
ber of the state assembly from Washing
ton county; and was a representative in
congress from that state from 1851 to 1853.
He died July 2, 1868, in Whitehall, N. Y.
BOYD, KATE PARKER, artist, was
born Oct. 23, 1836, in New York. She
won a number of medals and prizes in the
Centennial exposition in Philadelphia;
and in various state and county exhi
bitions. She writes and draws for the
American Garden, of New York city, and
for other periodicals.
BOYD, LINN, congressman, was born
Nov. 22, 1800, in Nashville, Tenn. In 1827
he was elected to the legislature of that
state, from Calloway county, serving
three sessions; and in 1831 was re-elected
for another session from Trigg county. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1835 to 1837, and from
1839 to 1855. He also served one term
as lieutenant-governor of Kentucky. He
died Dec. 16, 1859, in Paducah, Ky.
BOYD, SAMUEL STILLMAN. lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1803 in Portland,
Maine. In 1826 he graduated from Bow-
doin college; and
immediately moved
west. In 1837 he be
came a resident of
Natchez, Miss. He
was on£ of the ab
lest lawyers of Mis
sissippi, and a great
jurist. During Is^y-
50 he attended bj
legislative appoint
ment the famous
Nashville conven
tion. He took a
prominent part in all movements for the
welfare of his adopted state, and drafted
many of the legislative bills of that state.
BOYD, SEMPRONIIIS H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born May 28, 1828,
in Williamson county, Tenn. In 1861 he
raised a regiment for the war, and be
came its commander. In 1862 he was
elected a representative from Missouri to
the thirty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-first congress, as a
republican.
BOYD, THOMAS A., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 25, 1830, in
Adams county, Pa. He removed to Illi
nois in 1856; and entered the union army
in 1861, and was commissioned captain.
He was elected a state senator in 1866,
and re-elected in 1870. He was elected a
representative from Illinois to the forty-
fifth and the forty-sixth congresses.
BOYDEN, EMILY M. B., artist, com
poser, was born Dec. 14, 1828, in Morris-
ville, N. Y. As a needle painting artist
she received first premium at the World's
fair at New Orleans; and as a composer,
many of her pieces are sung in the public
schools of Chicago, 111.
BOYDEN, NATHANIEL, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 16. 1796, in
Franklin township, Mass. He was elected
a number of times to the North Carolina
state legislature; and was in congress as
a representative from North Carolina
from 1847 to 1849. In 1868 he was elected
to the fortieth congress.
BOYDEN, SETH, inventor, was born
Nov. 17, 1788, in Foxborough. Mass. He
engaged in the leather manufacture In
Newark in 1813, invented a machine for
splitting leather, and began the manufac
ture of patent leather in 1819. He made
the first malleable iron in 1826, perfected
the first locomotive with the driving-rod
outside the wheel, and produced the first
daguerreotype in America. He died March
31, 1870, in Middleville, N. J.
BOYER, BENJAMIN M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 22, 1823, in Mont
gomery county, Pa. He was district at
torney for his native county from 1848
to 1850; and was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the thirty-ninth
and the fortieth congresses as a democrat.
BOYER, HENRY KLINE, lawyer, legis
lator, was born Feb. 19, 1850. in Evans-
burg, Pa. He was admitted to practice
at the Philadelphia bar in 1837, and prac
ticed with success in the civil courts.
In 1882 he was elected as a republican
to the state legislature, securing a re
election in 1884 and 1886, and was chosen
speaker in the session of 1887. He be
came the choice of republicans and demo
crats alike for the speakership in the
session of 1889.
BOYESEN, HJALMAR HJORTH, was
born Sept. 23, 1848, in Norway. He was a
writer of Norwegian birth, long resident
in New York, and
a professor in Co
lumbia college at the
time of his death.
He was one of the
founders of the Au
thors' club of New
York city. His novels
and sketches are
pleasantly written,
but as essays in fic
tion are not much
above average merit.
He was the author
of Gunnar; A Norseman's Pilgrimage;
Tales from Two Hemispheres; Falcon-
berg; A Daughter of the Philistines;
Queen Titania; Ilka on the Hill Top and
Other Stories; Goethe and Schiller, their
Lives and Works; Literary and Social
Silhouettes; The Story of Norway, an
historical work; Social Strugglers; Es
says on Scandinavian Literature; Essays
on German Literature; Idylls of Norway
and Other Poems; the Norseland series
of books for boys, including: Norseland
Tales; Boyhood in Norway; The Modern
Vikings; Against Heavy Odds; and The
Golden Calf. He died in 1895.
BOYKIN, JOHN T., physician, surgeon,
was born April 17, 1869. in Troup county,
Ga. He received the rudiments of his edu
cation in the West Point public schools,
Ga.; and graduated in medicine from the
Atlanta medical college. He has attained
success as an eminent physician and sur
geon of Carrabelle, Fla., where he owns a
drug store and takes a leading part in
the public affairs of his county and state.
BOYLAN, WILL MAI, merchant, poet,
was born Dec. 4, 1859, in Hardin county,
Iowa. He is a poet of rare genius and the
author of a brochure entitled Life's Pur
est Gold. Many of his poems have been
given a place in standard publications.
BOYLAND, GEORGE HALSTED, phy
sician, author, was born Jan. 19, 1845. in
Cincinnati, Ohio. During the Franco-
Prussian war of 1870-71 he served in the
surgical corps of the French army, and
was decorated for his services. He was
the first to introduce salicylic acid made
from carbolic acid, as an antiseptic, in the
United States. Dr. Boyland has been a
frequent contributor to the medical and
scientific press of this country, and is
the author of Six Months under the Red
Cross with the French Army.
BOYLE, CHARLES E., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 4, 1836. in
Uniontown, Pa. He was editor of the
Genius of Liberty newspaper from 1856.
to 1861. He was elected district attorney
for Fayette county, in 1862, and served
three years; and was elected a represen
tative in the state legislature in 1865, and
re-elected In 1866. He was elected a rep
resentative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-eighth congress, and was re-elected
to the forty-ninth congress, as a demo
crat.
BOYLE, FRANK E., lawyer, was born
Aug. 31, 1871, in Dunmore, Pa. After re
ceiving the rudiments of his education in
the common schools, he attended the
Mount St. Mary's college of Emmettsburg,
Md. ; and has since attained success as a
prominent lawyer of Scranton, Pa.
BOYLE, JEREMIAH TILFORD, sol
dier, lawyer, military governor, was born
May 22, 1818, in Mercer county, Ky. In
1849, he advocated with great zeal the
emancipation of the slaves. For merit
orious conduct on the field in 1862 he
was promoted brigadier-general. He was
soon after placed in command of tne
department of Kentucky, assuming the
direction of military affairs in the
state, and during 1862-64 was military
governor of Kentucky. He was president
of and organized the original company,
and under his direction the first street
railway was built in Louisville, of which
he was president. He died July 28, 1871.
in Louisville, Ky.
BOYLE, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, governor, was born Oct. 28, 1774, in
Botetourt county, Va. He was a judge of
the supreme court of Kentucky, also chief
justice of the state; and was a represen
tative in congress from Kentucky from
1803 to 1809, when he was appointed gov
ernor of Illinois territory. He was a dis
tinguished and successful lawyer and able
judge. During the eight years immediate
ly preceding his death he was judge of
the United States district court for Ken
tucky. He died Jan. 28, 1834, in Ken
tucky.
HKKKIXGSHAWS KNCYrMJl'EDI A (IK A.MKH1CAN HUKiRAI'HY.
137
BOYLE, JOHN J., sculptor, was born
in 1853, in New York city. He studied in
the art schools of Philadelphia and Paris,
and is the professor at the academy of
fine arts at Philadelphia, Pa.
BOYLE, JOHN W., jurist, was born in
Pennsylvania. He moved to Dakota,
where he was appointed an assistant jus
tice of the United States court for that
territory.
BOYLE, JOSEPH, clergyman, was born
May 10, 1812, in Baltimore, Md. He serv
ed the principal churches of St. Louis as
pastor, and as presiding elder and official
relation to them all. He died May 3,
1S72, in Lexington, Mo.
BOYLE, JUNIUS J., naval officer, was
born about 1802 in Maryland. After nine
years of sea duty on board the frigates
Delaware and Congress, most of the time
in the Mediterranean, he served from 1843
till 1855 on different store-ships and in
the schooner Bonito of the home squad
ron. He was commissioned commodore
in 1862. He died Aug. 11, 1870, in Norfolk,
Va.
BOYLE, THOMAS N., soldier, clergy
man, lecturer, was born April 26, 1839, in
Blairsville, Ind. In his youth he learned
the printing business, and became editor
of the democratic whig of Columbus,
Ohio. He subsequently attended a theo
logical seminary, and in 1859 became a
clergyman of the methodisi episcopal
church. During the fall of 1862 he re
cruited three hundred men, and enlisted
in the one hundred and fortieth regiment
Pennsylvania volunteer infantry, and was
elected captain of company H. He has
received the degrees of D. D. and LL. D.;
was presiding elder for nine years; twice
a member of the general conference; a
member of the Centennial conference in
1884; and a member of the book com
mittee of his church for four years. As
a lecturer he has few equals, being a
forceful and eloquent speaker. He is a
member of the Grand Army of the Repub
lic; and also a high degree mason, being
grand prelate of the state of Ohio. He
is now pastor of the West End methodist
episcopal church of Pittsburg, Pa.; and is
a constant contributor to current litera
ture.
BOYLE, ST. JOHN, railroad president,
financier, was born Sept. 6, 1847, in Dan
ville, Ky. In 1883 he became president
of the Louisville, New Albany and Cory-
don railway; and is now vice-president
and treasurer of that company at Louis
ville, Ky.
BOYLSTON, JABDIEL, physician, was
born in 1684 in Brookfield, Mass. He was
the first one to introduce the practice of
inoculation for the smallpox, in 1720. He
published several pamphlets on the sub
ject of inoculation. He died March 1,
1766, in Brookline, Mass.
BOYLSTON, NICHOLAS, merchant.
was born in 1716 in Boston. Mass. At his
decease he bequeathed £1,500 to found a
professorship of rhetoric and oratory at
Harvard, John Quincy Adams being in
stalled as the first professor in 1806. He
died Aug. 18, 1771, in Boston, Mass.
BOYNTON, ADELBERT W., railroad
manager, was born Feb. 9, 1852, in Jay,
N. Y. He was educated at the University
of Vermont. He entered railway service
in 1890 as secretary and passenger agent
of the Keesville, Au Sable Chasm and
Lake Champlain railroad, at Keesville,
N. Y., and takes a prominent part in pub
lic affairs.
BOYNTON, CHARLES BRANDON,
clergyman, was born June 12, 1806, in
Stockbridge, Mass. He took up the study
of law, and, after filling one or two local
offices, was elected to the Massachusetts
legislature. During 1846-77 he was a pres-
byterian pastor in Cleveland, Ohio, with
the exception of his terms of service as
chaplain of the house of representatives
in the thirty-ninth and fortieth con
gresses. He died April 27. 1883, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio.
BOYNTON, EDWARD CARLISLE, sol
dier, author, was born about 1825 in Ver
mont. He is a United States army officer
and the author of the History of West
Point.
BOYNTON, ELIAS, merchant, poet,
was born Nov. 30, 1832. in Peterboro, N. H.
He received his education in the Pecer-
boro academy, and
for many years was
engaged in educa
tional work. He has
been a justice of the
peace; secretary of
the American Boyn-
ton association; di
rector of the city
school board of New
Lisbon, Wis., where
he has also filled nu
merous public of
fices. He has writ
ten extensively for the periodical press,
and his poems have been a valuable ac
quisition to current literature.
BOYNTON, HENRY VAN NESS, sol
dier, was born in Massachusetts. He
served in the civil war, and attained the
rank of brigadier-general for gallant and
meritorious conduct. He is president of
the Chickamauga park commission.
BOYNTON. JAMES S., soldier, gov
ernor, was born May 7, 1833, in Henry
county, Georgia, rie attained the rank
of colonel in the civil war; in 1866 was
elected judge of county court, and in
1883 was elected governor of Georgia.
BOYNTON, JOHN PARNHAM, scien
tist, inventor, was born bept. 20, 1811.
in Groveland, Mass. He has traveled
through every state in the union lectur
ing on Geology and Natural History of
Creation. He has invented a malleable
iron and steel and was the original in
ventor of the oil-well torpedoes. He died
Oct. 20, 1890, in Syracuse, N. Y.
BOYNTON, JULIA B., poet. She is the
author of a volume of poems entitled
Lines and Interlines.
BOYNTON, NATHAN SMITH, founder
of the Order of the Knights of the Mac
cabees, was born June 23, 1837, in Port
Huron, Mich. He re-
•^MMbk. ceived his education
^9 in the primitive dis-
IL trict schools and in
H| 1852 passed through
mj ^fc^ HE the high schools at
^1 Waukegpn, 111. In
1856 he engaged in
mercantile business
in Port Huron.
Mich.; the following
year he went to
Ohio: thence to
Cincinnati. New Or
leans and St. Louis, Mo. In 1862 he en
listed as a private in company C, eighth
regiment, Michigan cavalry, and was pro
moted to first lieutenant of company L;
in 1863 was promoted to captain, and in
the winter of 1864-65 was commissioned
major of his regiment, making an honor
able record as a soldier. Lieutenant
Boynton, at the head of a detachment of
one hundred men, cut off the retreat of
General John Morgan, whom he finally
captured. In 1868 he was elected to the
lower house of the Michigan state legis
lature; in 1874 he was elected mayor of
Port Huron, receiving the re-election.
For several years he was editor and own
er of the Port Huron Press, and since
1&83 has given his time, energy and abil
ity to building up the Order of the-
Knights of the Maccabees, of which he is
past supreme commander and supreme
record keeper and great commander.
BOYTON, PAUL, nautical adventurer,
was born June 29. 184S, in Ireland. He
has achieved a world-wide reputation for
his exploits, among which are his cross
ing the English channel in twenty-four
hours, on May 28, 1875.
BOZMAN, JOHN LEEDS, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1757 in Oxford, Md. He
was a noted Maryland lawyer and was the
author of a Historical Sketch of the
Prime Causes of the Revolutionary War;
and History of Maryland. He died in
1823.
BRABB, MARVIL I., merchant, banker,,
was born Oct. 8, 1847, in Romeo, Mich.
He is president of the First National
bank of Romeo, Mich., president of the
Burt and Brabb Lumber company, and
prominently identified with various other
business enterprises.
BRABSON, REESE B., congressman,
was oorn in Tennessee. He was elected
a representative from that stale to the
thirty-sixth congress. He died Septem
ber, 1863, in Tennessee.
BRACE, CHARLES LORING, clergy
man, philanthropist, author, was born
June 19, 1826, in Litchfield, Conn. He
was a noted clergyman and philanthropist
of New York city and founded the Chil
dren's Aid society, and gave much of his-
time to philanthropic work. He was the
author of Norsefolk; Home Life in Ger
many; The Races of the Old World; Gesta
Christ! ; and The Dangerous Classes of
New York. He died Aug. 11, 1890, in
Switzerland.
BRACE, JOHN PEIRCE, educator, au
thor, was born Feb. 10, 1793, in Litch
field, Conn. He was a prominent edu
cator of Litchfleld, Conn., and was the
author of Lectures to Young Converts;
Tales of the Devil; The Fawn of the Pale
Faces, a novel. He died Oct. 18, 1872, in
Litchfield, Conn.
BRACE, JONATHAN, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 12. 1754, in
Harrington, Conn. He was elected a
judge of probate, chief judge of the Hart
ford county court, and was a representa
tive in congress from 1798 to 1800. He
was also frequently in the state legisla
ture, at one time state attorney for Hart
ford county, and for nine years mayor of
Hartford. He died Aug. 26, 1837, in
Hartford, Conn.
BRACKEN, JOHN, college president,
bishop. He was a professor of humanity
in William and Mary college. In 18i-
he became president, and in 1814 was.
elected bishop of the Episcopal churcn.
He died July 15, 1818.
BRACKENRIDGE, HENRY MARIE.
jurist, author, was born May 11. 1786. in
Pittsburg, Pa. He was a noted Florida
jurist and the author of History of the
Late War Between the United States and
Great Britain (1816); Voyage to South
America; Views of Louisiana; Recollec
tions of Persons and Places in the West:
Essay on Trusts and Trustees; and His
tory of the Western Insurrection. 'He
filed Jan. 18. 1871, in Pittsburg, Pa.
138
HKKRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BRACKENRIDGE, HUGH HENRY,
lawyer, author, was born in li^S in Scot-
lend. He was a Pennsylvania lawyer
and humorist whose writing enjoyed
great popularity in the early years of the
cineteenth century. His principal work
was Modern Chivalry, or the Adventures
of Captain Farrago and Teague O'Regan,
and His Servant, a rough, sharp piece of
humorous fiction, partaking to some ex
tent of the nature of an autobiography.
He died Jan. 25, 1816, in Carlisle, Pa.
BRACKETT, ALBERT GALLATIN,
soldier, author, was born Feb. 14, 1829, in
Cherry Valley, N.Y. He is a United States
cavalry officer, and the author of General
Lane's Brigade in Central Mexico; and
History of the United States Cavalry,
1854.
BRACKETT, ANNA CALLENDER,
author, was born in 1836 in Massachu
setts. She is an educational writer, and
the author of The Education of American
Girls; Woman and the Higher Educa
tion: and The Technique of Rest.
BRACKETT, EDWARD AUGUSTUS,
sculptor, poet, was born uct. 1, 1819, in
Vassalborough, Maine. He began his ca
reer in 1838, and has produced portrait
busts of Washington Allston, Richard
Henry Dana, Bryant, Longfellow, Rufus
C'hoate, Charles Sumner, John Brown,
William Lloyd Garrison, Wendell Phil
lips, General Butler, and others. His
marble group of the Shipwrecked Mother
?.nd Child is now the property of the Bos
ton athenaeum. He is the author of a vol
ume of poems entitled Twilight Hours.
BRACKETT, J. Q. A., lawyer, gover
nor, was born Sept. 6, 1857, in Cambridge,
Mass. In 1881 he became a member of
the common council, and two years later
he became a member of the upper branch
of the city government. In 1890 and 1891
he was elected governor of Massachusetts.
BRACKETT, J. RAYMOND, educator,
•was born April 1, 1854, in Raymond,
Maine. He attended Bates college, and
Yale college, and has received the de
grees of B. A., M. A., and Ph. D. For
many years he was engaged in education
al work in New England, and since 1884
has filled the chair of comparative and
English literature in the university of
Colorado, of which institution he is dean
•of the college of liberal arts.
BRACKKiTT, JOSHUA, physician, was
born May 5, 1773, in Greenland, N. H.
He was a zealous patriot, a member of
the state committee of safety, and during
the revolution was judge of the New
Hampshire maritime court. He was a
founder of the state medical society, and
its president from 1793 till 1799. He gave
it 143 volumes of medical works at its
•establishment. He bequeathed a legacy
to Harvard toward founding a professor
ship of natural history. He died July 17,
1802, in Portsmouth, N. H.
BRACKETT, WALTER M., artist, was
born June 14, 1823, in Unity, Maine. He
gave his attention to portraits and ideal
heads, and executed likenesses of Charles
Sumner, Edward Everett, and Oliver
Wendell Holmes. He also painted por
traits of the first four secretaries of war,
for the war department at Washington.
BRACKLIN, JAMES, business man,
public official, was born April 28, 1839, in
Patten, Maine. Since 1858 he has been
connected with the business and public
affairs of Menomonee, Wis., excepting
eight years with the Northwestern Lum-
lier company of Eau Claire. In 1886 he
• i.n for congress on the Democratic ticket,
''e has fillofl numerous public offices of
t:-ust, and has twice been mayor -of Rice
1 nke, Wis.
BRADBURY, ALBERT WILLIAM,
soldier, lawyer, was born in 1840 in Ca
lais, Maine. He served in the civil war
in Sheridan's army, and was appointed
chief of the artillery of the army of the
Shenandoah. He came to the bar in 1867;
has been city solicitor of Portland; and
was appointed U. S. district attorney for
Maine in 1894.
BRADBURY, GEORGE, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1770
in Portland, Maine. From 1806 to 1810
he was a member of the state legislature,
and also in 1811 and 1812. In 1812 he was
chosen to represent the Cumberland dis
trict, Massachusetts, in congress. Mr.
Bradbury received the approbation of a
second election in 1814. After this ser
vice he returneu to his profession, which
he pursued to the time of his death. He
was a state senator in 1822. He died Nov.
7, 1823, in Portland, Maine.
BRADBURY, GEORGE LEWIS, sol
dier, railroad manager, was born March
10, 1843, in Nova Scotia. He served in
the army from Massachusetts from 1861
to 1865, serving from private up to cap
tain. Since then he has been in tne rail
road service as conductor, agent, general
agent, general freight agent, general
manager, and vice-president.
BRADBURY, HENRY KNIGHT, law
yer, legislator, was born October, 1827, in
Hollis, Maine. He has held county and
town offices, and has represented his
town in the legislature of Maine for three
terms.
BRADBURY, JAMES WARE, lawyer,
United States senator, was born in 1805
in York county, Maine. In 1825 he grad
uated from Bowdoin
college, and became
a noted lawyer; and
was county attorney
during 1834-38. In
1844 he was presi
dential elector; and
during 1847-53 was
United States sena
tor from Maine,
serving as chair
man of the commit
tee on printing. He
was county attorney
during 1834-38, and filled many public
positions of honor in his city, county and
state. He has been president of the
Maine Historical society.
BRADBURY, OSGOOD N., physician,
state senator, was born Oct. 28, 1828, in
Norway, Maine. Since 1864 he has prac
ticed medicine and surgery. During the
civil war he was surgeon of the United
States army for two years; and for thir
teen years United States examining sur
geon for pensions. He served in the
Maine state legislature for one year, and
for two years was a member of the sen
ate.
BRADBURY, THEOPHILUS, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 13, 1739, in
Newburyport, Mass. He was chosen to
represent the Essex district in congress
from 1795 to 1797, when he resigned. He
was a presidential elector in 1801, and in
1797 was appointed a judge of the su
preme court of Massachusetts. He died
Sept. 6, 1803.
BRADBURY, WILLIAM BATCHEL-
DER, musician, was born Oct. 6, 1816, in
York, Maine. In 1840 he began teaching
in New York and Brooklyn, where he
gained popularity by his free singing-
schools, and by his concerts, at which the
performers, all children, sometimes num
bered 1,000. He died Jan. 7, 1868, in
Montclair, N. J.
BRADBURY, WILLIAM FROTHING-
HAM, educator, author, was born May
17, 1829, in Westminster, Mass. He at
tended the West
minster academy,
and in 1856 gradu
ated from Amherst
gt jAfct--'^^Htt college. He is one
of the most promi
nent educators In
America, and is now
the head master in
the Cambridge Lat
in school. He is the
author of Sight
Arithmetic; and
several mathemati
cal text books. He is the inventor and
patentee of a device for illustrating the
metric system of weights and measures.
He was a member of the Cambridge city
government two years; and for thirty-
three years has been a member of the
Handel and Haydn society, and one of its
directors for more than fifteen years past.
BRADDOCK, JOHN S., business man,
state senator, was born Dec. i3, 1844,
near Mount Vernon, Ohio. He received
his education in the public schools of his
native town and county, and graduated
from the high school of Fredericktown.
He served with distinction as a represent
ative in the general assembly of the Ohio
state legislature; and was subsequently
a state senator, and served on several im
portant committees. In 1888 he was a
candidate for congress from the ninth
Ohio district. He is a successful real es
tate dealer, and president of the Brad-
dock Land and Granite company of Little
Rock, Ark. His home is still in the place
of his nativity.
BRADEN, MRS. EMILY, poet, was
born in England. She is a writer of
Chariton, Iowa; and a constant contrib
utor of poems to the periodical press of
the west.
BRADEN, JOHN, clergyman, college
president, was born Aug. 18, 1826, in
New York city. He has attained promi
nence as a successful clergyman of the
methodist episcopal church; and is the
president of the Central Tennessee col
lege of Nashville.
BRADFORD, ALDEN, author, was
born Nov. 19, 1765, in Duxbury, Mass. He
was secretary of state for Massachusetts
in 1812-24. He was the author of Eulogy
on Washington ; History of Massachusetts,
1764-1820; Life of Jonathan Mayhew;
History of the Federal Government; Bi
ographical Notices of Distinguished Men
of Massachusetts; and New England
Chronology, 1497-1843. He died Oct. 26,
1843, in Boston, Mass.
BRADFORD, ALEXANDER WAR-
FIELD, jurist, author, was born in 1815,
in Albany, N. Y. He was a New York Ju
rist of prominence. He edited American
Antiquities, and prepared many volumes
of legal reports, among which the six
commonly called Bradford's Reports have
become standard authority. He died Nov.
5, 1867, in New York city.
BRADFORD, ALLEN A., lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born July 23, 1815,
in Friendship, Maine. In 1852 he was ap
pointed judge of the sixth judicial dis
trict of Iowa, which office he resigned in
1855. He was a member of the legislative
council of the territory of Nebraska in
1856, 1857, and 1858. In 1860 he settled
in Colorado, and in 1862 he was appoint
ed judge of the supreme court of that ter
ritory, which position he held until elect
ed a delegate from Colorado to the thir
ty-ninth congress; and was re-elected to
Ihe forty-first congress as a republican.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
139
BRADFORD, AMORY HOWE, clergy
man, author, was born in 1846, in Massa
chusetts. He is a congregational clergy
man of Montclair, N. J., and the author
of The Pilgrim in Old England; Old
Wine; New Bottles; Spirit and Life,
Thought for To-Day; and Heredity and
Christian Problems.
BRADFORD. ANDREW SOWLES.
printer, journalist, was born in 1686, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was the only prin
ter in Pennsylvania from 1712 to 1723. On
Dec. 22, 1719, he began the publication of
the first newspaper printed in the mid
dle colonies, the American Weekly Mer
cury. Benjamin Franklin, upon arriving
in Philadelphia in 1723, found employ
ment as a compositor in his printing
office. Andrew Bradford was postmaster
of Philadelphia in 1732. He kept a book
store at the sign of the Bible in Second
street in 1735, and in 1738 removed to
South Front street. In 1741 he started a
periodical called the American Magazine.
He died Nov. 23, 1742.
BRADFORD, AUGUSTUS W., gover
nor, was born about 1805, in Maryland.
In 1862 he was elected governor of that
state, serving as such until 1866. He died
March 1, 1881.
BRADFORD, EDWARD G., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in Maryland. He adopted
the profession of the law; settled at Wil
mington, Del.; and in 1871 was appointed
United States judge for the district of
Delaware.
BRADFORD, ELLEN KNIGHT, au
thor, poet, was born in Ypsilanti, Mich.
Among the best known of her poems are
the hymn Over the Line; Wearing of the
Blue; Elberon; Centennial; and Songs of
Real Children.
BRADFORD, GAMALIEL, soldier, ju
rist, was born Sept. 2, 1731, in Duxbury,
Mass. He was a descendant of Governor
William Bradford and son of Judge Gam
aliel Bradford. He served in the French
war as captain and rose to the rank of
major. During the revolutionary war he
commanded the fourteenth Massachusetts
regiment of continentals. After the war
he was a member of the legislature and a
judge. He died Jan. 9, 1807, In Duxbury,
Mass.
BRADFORD, GAMALIEL, political
writer, was born Jan. 15, 1831, in Boston,
Mass. He graduated from Harvard in
1849. He is the principal advocate for
the admission of cabinet officers to a seat
and voice in congress, without the right
of voting.
BRADFORD, IRA B., lawyer, banker,
legislator, was born June 24, 1851, in Ful
ton. Wis. He graduated from the New
Hampshire conference seminary, and
attained eminence as an able lawyer of
Augusta, Wis., of which city he has been
mayor. In 1880 he was a member of the
Wisconsin assembly; and the following
year was made speaker of that body. He
can trace his lineage back to the celebra
ted Gov. Bradford of the Massachusetts
colony; and the republicans of Chippewa
Valley have abiding faith in the future of
Mr. Bradford, and insist that he will yet
be made governor of Wisconsin.
BRADFORD. JAMES HENRY, clergy
man, was born Aug. 24, 1836, in Grafton,
Vt. He has been chaplain of Garfield
post. G. A. R.. of Washington, D. C., from
its inception; and has served in the same
capacity for one year in the department
of the Potomac. He is director and treas
urer of the temporary home for soldiers
and sailors; secretary of the Boys' and
Girls' Home and Employment association.
and of the Manassas School for Colored
Youth.
BRADFORD, JOHN, journalist, state
legislator, author, was born in 1749, in
Fauquier county, Va. In 1789 he estab
lished the Kentucky Gazette; was elected
several times to the Kentucky state leg
islature; and was the author of a work
entitled Notes on Kentucky. He died in
1830 in Lexington, Ky.
BRADFORD, JOHN J., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born March 12, 1838. in Cone-
cuh county, Ala. He received his educa
tion in Green coun
ty, Miss.; and grad
uated from the Sa
lem high school. He
was educated a mer
chant] was clerk of
court in Hancock
county for eight
years; and in 1871
was elected to the
Mississippi state
legislature. During
the war he served as
a confederate cap
tain in Johnson's army. In 1868 he was
admitted to the bar, and practiced his
profession for a quarter of a century. For
ten years he was statistical agent of his
county for the department of agriculture
of Washington, D. C. He is now princi
pally engaged in farming, stock-raising,
and fruit-growing at Augusta, Miss.
BRADFORD, JOSEPH M., naval officer,
was born Nov. 4, 1824, in Sumner county,
Tenn. He was fleet captain of the South
Atlantic blockading squadron from No
vember, 1863, till June, 1865, during
which period he saw severe service and
performed his difficult duties to the satis
faction of his superior officers. He died
April 14, 1872, in Norfolk, Va.
BRADFORD, ROBERT, soldier, was
born in 1750 in Plymouth, Mass. He
served through the revolutionary war,
from Bunker Hill to Yorktown. and was
present at many important engagements.
He held the rank of major and was pre
sented by Lafayette with a sword for gal
lantry. He died in 1823 in Belpre, Ohio.
BRADFORD, TAUL, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born Jan.
20, 1835, in Mardisville, Ala. He prac
ticed law from the age of twenty, except
ing during the civil war, when he served
in the confederate army. In 1871 he was
elected to the Alabama legislature, and
served two sessions; and in 1874 was
elected a representative from Alabama to
the forty-lourth congress.
BRADFORD, THOMAS, soldier, prin
ter, journalist, was born May 4. ]74r>, in
Philadelphia, Pa. After leaving the col
lege of Philadelphia he entered his fath
er's printing office, and became his part
ner and associate editor of the Pennsyl
vania Journal, which he transformed into
the True American in 1801. In 1775 he be
came captain of a military company in
Philadelphia, and later was commissary-
general of the Pennsylvania division of
the continental army. After the estab
lishment of the federal government he
became printer to congress. He was one
of the founders of the Philosophical so
ciety. He died May 7, 1S33, in Pniladel-
phia, Pa.
BRADFORD, THOMAS LINDSLEY,
physician, author, was born Jun? 6, 1847,
in Francestown, N. H. He is a physician
of Philadelphia, and the author of A
Homeopathic Biography of the United
States from the years 1825 to 1891; and
is at present engaged on a Life of Hah-
nemann.
BRADFORD. WILLIAM, governor, au
thor, was born in March. 1588, in Eng
land. He was governor of the Plymouth
colony, 1621-57. He left in manuscript a
History of Plymouth Plantation, the lei
surely composition of twenty years,
which was drawn from by Morton,
Prince, and Hutchinson as a basis for
their respective histories, and after be
ing lost for nearly a century was found
in the library of the bishop of London in
1855, and published soon after. He was
the earliest American historian, and his
work exhibits judicial impartiality, broad
conceptions, and a direct, vigorous style.
He died May 9, 1657, in Plymouth, Mass.
BRADFORD, WILLIAM, soldier, prin
ter, journalist, author, was born in 1719,
in New York. In Ini he went to Eng
land, and the next year he returned to
Philadelphia with printing material and
a library, and on Dec. 2, 1742, issued the
first number of the Pennsylvania Journal.
When the revolutionary war began he
joined the Pennsylvania militia. As a ma
jor, and afterward a colonel, he fought
in the battles of Trenton and Princeton.
He died Sept. 25, 1791, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BRADFORD, WILLIAM, physician,
United States senator, was born Nov. 4,
1729, in Plympton, Mass. He was a mem
ber of the Rhode Island committee of cor
respondence in 1773, was chosen deputy
governor of Rhode Island the same year,
and was elected a delegate from Rhode
Island to the continental congress, but
never took his seat. In 1793 he was elect
ed United States senator from Rhode Isl
and. In 1797 he was chosen president of
the senate pro tempore, and later in that
year he resigned his seat. He died July
6, 1808, in Bristol, R. I.
BRADFORD, WILLIAM, soldier, law
yer, jurist, author, was born Sept. 14,
1755, in Philadelphia, Pa. At the out
break of the revolution he entered the
army as major of brigade and became
lieutenant-colonel. In 1790 he was ap
pointed attorney-general of the state;
and in 1791 was commissioned as judge
of the supreme court, which office he held
until 1794, when he was appointed at
torney-general of the United States. In
1793 he published an Inquiry how Far the
Punishment of Death is Necessary in
Pennsylvania, with notes and illustra
tions; and in the earlier periods of his
life some of his poetical productions were
published in the Philadelphia Magazine.
He died Aug. 23, 1795.
BRADFORD, WILLIAM, painter, was
born in 1827, in New Bedford, Mass. He
began by painting ships at Lynn and in
sketches of coasts not before visited by
artists. He died April 25, 1892, in New
Bedford, Mass.
BRADISH, LUTHER, statesman, was
born Sept. 15, 1783, in Cummington, Mass.
He was a member of the New York as
sembly in 1827-30, and in 1835-8. He was
lieutenant-governor in 1829-43; and as
sistant United States treasurer at New
York during Fillmore's administration.
He died Aug. 30, 1863, in Newport, R. I.
BRADLEE, CALEB DAVIS, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 24, 1831, in Boston,
Mass. He was graduated at Harvard, in
1852, and in 1854 became pastor of the
Allen street church of Cambridge, where
he remained for three years. In 1864 he
took charge of the church of the Redeem
er, Boston, where he has since remained.
He has published sermons, notably one
on the death of Abraham Lincoln, and
has also contributed prose and verse to
newspapers and periodicals, especially
the New England Historical and Genea
logical Register. He is the author of
Sermons for the Church; Sermons for All
Serfs; and Life of Starr King.
140
xvoiaaivv jo viaadtriOAOxa S.M.VHS:>KI!I;IMH
BRADLEY, ALEXANDER, manufac
turer, was born Oct. 31, 1812, in Balti
more, Md. In 1845, with his brother
Charles, he formed the firm of A. Brad
ley and Co., and entered upon the manu
facture of stoves; and toward the end of
his active management produced 21,000
stoves a year. He finally retired from
that industry, leaving the business to his
thirtieth congress. He died Aug. 5, 1847.
in New York city.
BRADLEY, JAMES, jurist. He was a
resident of Indiana; and was appointed
an associate justice of the United States
court for the territory of Nebraska.
BRADLEY, JAMES, soldier, clergy
man, legislator, author, was born Sept.
16, 1835, in Missouri. He served through
the war as a private in Cockrell's brig
ade. He is a clergyman and the author
of a work entitled Confederate Mail Car
riers, or History of the War in Missouri,
Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia
and Tennessee. He has also served with
distinction as a member of the Missouri
state legislature.
BRADLEY, JOHN E., edurator, lectur
er, college president, was born Aug. 8.
1839. in Lee, Mass. He graduated from
Williams college in 1865, and at once
entered the profession of teaching in the
high schools of Pittsfield, Mass., Albany.
N. Y., and Minneapolis. Minn. In 18.^2
he became president of the Illinois col
lege of Jacksonville, 111.; and has become
widely known as a speaker and writer
on educational topics.
BRADLEY, JOSEPH P., educator, law
yer, jurist, was born March 14, 1813. in
Berne, N. Y. He became associate jus
tice of the supreme court of the United
States in 1870; and was a presidential
elector in 1868. He died Jan. 22, 1892, in
Washington, D. C.
BRADLEY, ALOYSIUS, clergyman, ed
ucator, lecturer, was born in 1866, in Ma-
con, 111. He attended St. Benedict's col
lege of Atchison, Kan.; and graduated
from the college of Ann Arbor, Mich. In
1891 he founded the Abbey Student, a
magazine of which he is editor and own
er. He fills the chair of professor of lit
erary criticism, belles-lettres and mental
philosophy, in St. Benedict's college, of
which institution he has also served as
librarian.
BRADLEY, CHARLES TRUEWORTH,
manufacturer, banker, was born Jan. 5,
1818, in Haverhill, Mass. In 1843 he went
to Milwaukee and established a jobbing
and manufacturing business, which they
have continued on the same ground for
nearly fifty years; and he has been for
more than twenty years president of the
Milwaukee national bank.
BRADLEY. DENIS, R. C. bishop, was
born in 1846, in Ireland. He was or
dained in 1871, and stationed at the ca
thedral in Portland. Maine, where he re
mained nine years, filling the offices of
chancellor of the diocese and rector of
the cathedral. He was then appointed
pastor of St. Joseph's church, Manches
ter, N. H., and in 1884 was consecrated
bishop of Manchester.
BRADLEY, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born
April, 1808, in East Bloomfield, N. Y.
When twenty-eight years of age he was
appointed associate judge of the common
pleas of his native county; and in 1839
he removed to Michigan and engaged in
the practice of law. In 1842 he was elect
ed to the senate of Michigan; and was
a representative from that state to the
son.
BRADLEY, LEONIDAS HAMALINE,
lawyer, was born July 23, 1841, in Patriot,
Ohio. In 1861 he graduated from the
Ohio Wesleyan uni
versity, and re
ceived the degree of
B. A.; and subse
quently received the
degree of A. M. He
served as a union
soldier during the
civil war for three
years; and was as
sistant acting adju
tant-general at Fort
Pickering, Memphis.
Tenn. In 1866 he
was admitted to the bar by the supreme
court of Illinois. He lived in Springfield,
111., during 1865-86, and there took an ac
tive part in local affairs; was a member
of the city council, and assistant United
States attorney for the southern district
of Illinois, and was instrumental in
breaking up the whisky r.ng during 1868-
73. He then removed to Omaha, Neb.,
where he holds a place in the front ranks
as an able lawyer.
BRADLEY, LEWIS R.. legislator, gov-
.ernor, was born Feb. 18, 1805, in Osage
county, Va. In 1860 he was elected to
the California state legislature. In 1866
he removed to Nevada; and in 1870 was
elected governor of that state, and re-
elected in 1874.
BRADLEY, LUTHER PRENTICE, sol
dier, congressman, was born Dec. 8. 1822,
in New Haven, Conn. He entered the
volunteer army Oct. 15. 1861. as lieuten
ant-colonel fifty-first Illinois infantry.
BRADLEY. MARY EMILY NEELY.
author, poet, was born Nov. 29, 1834, in
Easton, Md. For forty years she resided
in New York city with her husband, and
since his death, in 1893, has lived in
Washington. She has been a frequent
contributor to the best periodicals of
the day. and has published many books
well known in Sunday-school libraries
for young people; and also a volume of
poems entitled The Hidden Sweetness.
Her most notable prose works are: Doug
lass Farm; Story of a Summer; Brave
Girls; and Grace's Visit.
BRADLEY, NATHAN B., jurist, legis
lator, state senator, congressman, was
born May 28, 1831, in Lee. Mass. He was
elected a justice of the pjace three terms;
a supervisor one term; an alderman three
terms; and was the first mayor of Bay
City, Mich., declining a renomination.
He was elected to the state senate in 1866,
but declined a renomination; and was
elected to the forty-third and forty-
fourth congresses as a republican.
BRADLEY. NATHANIEL LYMAN,
manufacturer, was born Dec. 27, 1829, in
Cheshire, Conn. He has served the city
as alderman and
acting mayor; is
president of the
Meriden Park com
pany, and president
of the Meriden hos
pital. The Bradley
and Hubbard Manu
facturing company,
from a small con
cern . employing
only six workmen,
has grown to own
and occupy an im
mense plant of brick buildings, with a
floor area of nearly seven acres, employ
ing about 1,500 operatives, with offices
and sales rooms in New York. Boston.
Chicago and Philade'phia.
BRADLEY, SAMUEL, lawyer, was
born in Fryeburg, Maine. In 1820 ue
graduated from Bowdoin college, and at
tained success as one of the foremost
lawyers of New England. During 1824-
45 he practiced his profession at Hollis,
and died in 1849 in Saco, Maine.
BRADLEY, STEPHEN ROE, soldier,
lawyer, United States senator, congress
man, was born Feb. 20, 1754. in Walling-
ford, Conn. He was the first senator
from Vermont in the congress of the
United States, serving from 1791 to 179a,
and from 1801 to 1813. He died Dec. 9,
1830, in Walpole, N. H.
BRADLEY, THOMAS J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 2. 1870, in New
York city. He taught in the public
schools of New
York city from 1887
until 1891, at the
same time attending
t h e university law
school, from which
institution he was.
graduated as a
bachelor of laws in
1889. In 1891 he
was appointed a
deputy assistant dis
trict attorney of the
county of New
York, which position he held till July,
1895, when he resigned to attend to nis
private law practice. He was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as the regular
democratic candidate.
BRADLEY, WARREN IVES, author,
was born March 20, 1847, in Forestville,
Conn. He published, under the pen-name
of Glance Gaylord, books for children.
These include Boys at Dr. Murray's; Gil
bert Starr and his Lessons; Uncle Don-
nie's Home; Culm Rock, the Story of a
Year, for which he received a prize of
$350 over seventy-two competitors; Gay
Cottage; Gilbert's Last Summer at Rains-
ford, and What it Taught; Will Rood's
Friendship; After Years; Donald Deane
and his Cross; Jack Arcombe, the Story
of a Waif; Miss Patience Hathaway; and
Mr. Pendleton's Cup. He died June 15,
1868, in Forestville, Conn.
BRADLEY, WILLIAM CZAR, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born March
23, 1782, in Westminster, Vt. In 1806 and
1807 he was a representative in the state
legislature; in 1812, a member of the
state council; a representative in con
gress from 1813 to 1815; again in con
gress from 1823 to 1827; in 1850 again in
the state legislature; in 1856 a president
ial elector; and in 1857 a member of the
state constitutional convention. In 1858
he took formal leave of the bar, at which
he had practiced for fifty-four years. He
died March 3, 1867, in Westminster, Vt.
BRADLEY, WILLIAM L., manufactur
er, was born in 1826, in Cheshire, Conn.
He built a factory in the back bay dis
trict of Boston, and transacted a business
in the manufacture of fertilizers the first
year, which now employs over fifteen
hundred men and a capital of over $4,-
000,000. In 1872 Mr. Bradley organized
the Bradley Fertilizer company.
BRADLEY, WILLIAM O'CONNELL.
lawyer, legislator, was born March 18,
1847, near Lancaster, Ky. In 1875 he was
nominated for United States senator, and
received the vote of his party in that
body: and in 1876 made the race as the
republican candidate for congress, but
was defeated. In 1896 he was elected gov
ernor of Kentucky as a republican.
BRADSHAW, GEORGE S., lawyer leg
islator, jurist, was born April 5, 1856 in
Alamance county, N. C. He received a
borough education, and soon attained
prominence as an eminent lawyer in 1
native state at Greensboro. During 1881-
3 he served with distinction as a mem
ber of the North Carolina state leglsS-
ture; was clerk of the superior court-
and during 1883-94 was probate judge
He has taken an active part in the pub
ic affairs of his city, county and state-
is trustee of the Trinity college of North
Carolina, and also of the university of
North Carolina. He is also a successful
•editor, and has contributed extensively
to periodical literature.
KRADSHAW, SAMUEL C. physician
congressman, was born June'lO 1809 n
Plumstead, Pa. He was a representative
state to the
HERRXNOSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERXCAN BIOGRAPHY.
BRADWELL, MYRA. lawyer editor
vT Tb°« J^ 12' 1831' in Manchester;
In 1852 she studied law under the in-
Rr^ ? n °f i?"' husband- J«dge James B.
Bradwell, whose father was one of the
leading pwneers of Illinois. She was the
?im ~Vn America to ask 'or admis!
ftp T i xTban About 187° she Bunded
the Legal News, the first weekly legal Da
SalPa
141
Auburndale, Mass. This eminent clergy
man has traveled extensively in Europe-
^,-,madeJe,n ^P* to Europe, Asia a'nd
BRADSTREET, ALBION GILBERT.
civil engineer, lawyer, was born Jan. 30
1852 in North Bridgton. In 1879 he was
elected by Bridgton a representative to
he Maine legislature, and re-elected in
In 1881 he was appointed actin-g
general manager and chief engineer 3
Tehuantepec Inter-Ocean Railroad
•company a large and important organi
zation which is engaged in building a
r he
1895, in Chicago, 111.
BRADY, HUGH, soldier, was born in
July, 1768, in Northumberland county
^f'leS.? was breyetted brigadier-general
ijs^z, and major-general in 1848. He
distinguished himself at Lundy's l^ane
Chippewa, and at Niagara, and was
wounded in the two latter engagements.
Stationed at Detroit during the patriot
disturbances in Canada, he contributed
f,r!a iL^_the Pre,s.elTation of peace on
He died April 15, 1851, in
BRADSTREET, MRS. ANNE DUDLEY
author, was born about 1612 in England'
She was the first American woman of let
ters, and called by her contemporaries
ihe Tenth Muse. Her prose work in
cludes a brief autobiographic sketch, Re
ligious Experiences; Meditations Divine
and Moral, a series of shrewd, strong
aphorisms. In her lifetime she was
known only as a poet, and her verse the
bulk of which is considerable, comprises
elegies, epitaphs. She was the author of
The Four Monarchies, a rhymed chroni
cle of ancient history; The Four Ele
ments; The Four Humors of Man- The
?our Ages of Man; The Four Seasons of
the Year; Dialogue between Old England
and New; and Contemplations. She fol
lowed artificial models, and her lines re
flect the grotesque conceits of the time
but here and there are gleams of real
poetic vigor, while in the poem Contem
plations, the least labored of them all
she exhibits true poetic inspiration. She
died Sept. 16, 1672.
BRADSTREET, JOHN, soldier was
born in 1711, in England. He participa
ted in the attack on Ticonderoga in 1758
after which he was made full quarter
master-general with the rank of colonel
He captured Fort Frontenac, which he
razed to the ground, and destroyed such
stores as could not be removed. He
served under Amherst in his expedition
against Ticonderoga and Crown Point in
1759, received his colonelcy in February,
1762, and was advanced to the rank of
major-general in 1772. During Pontiac's
war he commanded an expedition against
the western Indians, with whom he nego
tiated a treaty of peace in Detroit in
1764. He died Sept. 25, 1774, in New
York city.
BRADSTREET, SIMON, colonial gov
ernor, was born in 1603 in England. He
emigrated to Massachusetts in 1630, and
in 1673 was chosen deputy governor, and
held this position until 1679, when he
was appointed governor. He resigned
this office in 1686, but was chosen gover
nor again three years later, and served
in that capacity until 1692. He died
March 27, 1697, in Salem, Mass
BRADY, JAMES D., soldier, jurist
congressman, was born April 3 1843 in
Portsmouth, Va. He served throughout
the civil war, rising through all the in-
T™,™16 Srades' to the rank of colonel.
0 and 1884 he was a delegate to the
republican national conventions; and has
been a prominent member of all state re
publican conventions in Virginia since
the close of the war. In 1884 he was elect
ed a representative from Virginia to the
forty-ninth congress.
BRADY, JAMES T., lawyer, was born
April 9, 1815, in New York city. He was
appointed district attorney in 1843 for
New York, and in 1845 corporation attor
ney. He died Feb. 9, 1869, in New York
city.
BRADY, JASPER E., lawyer, congress
man, was born in New Jersey. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1847 to 1849. He died Jan
23, 1870, in Washington, D. C.
BRADY, JOHN R, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1821, in New York city. He en
gaged in the practice of law in New
York city, and in 1855 was elected judge
of the court of common pleas. In 1869
he was elected to the supreme bench and
in 1877 assigned to be a general term
judge, which office he held till the time
of his death. He died March 16 1891 in
New York city.
BRADY, THOMAS J., soldier, lawyer
journalist, public official, was born Feb
12, 1839, in Muncie, Ind. He received a
common school education; taught school
for several years in Muncie and vicinity-
studied law, and was admitted to the bar
in 1860. He entered the union army in
il as captain; was promoted major in
1862, and to a colonelcy in 1863; served
throughout the civil war, and was mus
tered out of service with the last regi
ment, in 1865, as brevet brigadier-general
for long and meritorious service He re
sumed the practice of law at Muncie
Ind., and became the publisher of the
Muncie Weekly Times. In 1870 he was
appointed United States consul at St
Thomas, Wesl Indies. In 1874 he was
made chairman of the republican state
central committee of Indiana; in 1875 was
appointed supervisor of internal revenue;
and in 1876 was appointed second assist
ant postmaster-general of the United
States, and served until 1881, when he re
signed.
BRAGDON, CHARLES CUSHMAN, ed
ucator, clergyman, was born Sept 6 1847
in Auburn, N. Y. He has been a success
ful educator, and is now principal of the
Lasell Seminary for Young Women of
22 . «oldier, was born
22, 1817, m Warren county N
C. He was present at the battle of
Monterey, Sept. 21-23, and was bre-
vetted major for gallant conduct there.
™M f , 6 Was breve«ed lieutenant-
f°r gallantry at the battle of
Fr°m 1848 ti]1 1855 he was
°~tier service at Jefferson
., Fort Gibson, and Washita
When the civil war began he was ap
pointed brigadier-general in the confede?-
ate army in 1861, and placed in command
Pensacola, Fla. In February 1862 he
was promoted major-general and ordered
to join the army of the Mississippi He
took part in the battle of Shiloh, April
f * aS dT Was Prom°ted general in place
of A. S. Johnston, killed. After the evac
uation of Corinth he succeeded General
Beauregard in command of the depart
ment. In August he led a formidable
force, 45,000 strong, into Kentucky. He
died Sept. 27, 1876, in Galveston, Tex.
BRAGG, EDWARD S., soldier, lawyer
congressman, was born Feb 20 1827 in
Unadilla, N. Y. He received a collegiate
education; studied law and was admitted
to the bar in 1848. He moved to Fond
i Lac, Wis., commenced the practice of
law in 1850, and was elected district at
torney in 1854. He served in the union
army from 1861 to 1865, rising to the
rank of brigadier-general. He was ap
pointed postmaster of Fond du Lac in
was a state senator in 1868 and
1869; and was a delegate to the democrat
ic national convention of 1872. He was
elected a representative from Wisconsin
to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-sev
enth and forty-ninth congresses.
BRAGG, JOHN, congressman, was
born in North Carolina. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Alabama
from 1851 to 1853.
BRAGG, THOMAS, lawyer, United
States senator, governor, was born Nov
, 1810, in Warrenton, IN. C. He was
chiefly educated at the military academy
at Middletown, Conn. In 1842 he was
elected to the assembly of his state- and
in 1853 was a presidential elector. He
was governor of North Carolina for two
terms, from 1855 to 1859; and was elected
a senator in congress for the term com
mencing in 1859. He died Jan 21 1872
in Raleigh.
BRAIN, EDWIN BELL, builder, poet
was born March 27, 1853, in London, Eng
land. He has served as county commis
sioner, and is now county treasurer of
Rock county, Neb. Besides filling various
offices of trust in his county and state
he is a successful builder and farmer-'
and has contributed both prose and verse
for the past twenty years to the periodi
cal press.
BRAINARD, DANIEL, surgeon, lectur
er, author, was born May 15, 1812 in
Whitesborough, N. Y. He was the founder
Rush Medical college of Chicago and
occupied its chair of surgery from 1843 till
his death. Under Presidents Pierce and
Buchanan he wag surgeon of the marine
hospital, Chicago. He was a correspond
ing member of the societies of surgery of
Paris and Geneva, and published a work
on rattlesnake bites; Ununited Fractures
and Deformities, the American medical
association prize essay for 1854- and
many articles in the Chicago Medical
Journal. He died Oct. 10, 1866, in Chica-
142
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
BRAINARD, DAVID LEGG, soldier,
explorer, was born Dec. 21, 1856, in Nor
way, N. Y. He participated in the In
dian campaigns under General Miles, and
was wounded in the face in action with
the Sioux' at Muddy Creek, Montana, May
7, 1877. In the following August he was
one of the four men selected to act as
escort to General Sherman and party in
their tour through the national park. In
July, 1879, he was promoted sergeant,
and in May, 1880, recommended for de
tail on the Howgate polar expedition.
BRAINARD, JOHN, clergyman, was
born June 4, 1830, in Hartford, Conn. He
has filled various pastorates in Connec
ticut and Maryland; and in 1863 accepted
the rectorship at St. Peter's of Auburn,
N. Y.
BRAINARD, JOHN GARDINER CAL
KINS, journalist, poet, was born Oct. 21,
1796, in New London, Conn. He was for
a time editor of the Connecticut Mirror,
and produced a volume of poems. Hia
Falls of Niagara, written while the prin
ter's boy was waiting for his regular con
tribution to the paper, is generally con
sidered the best short poem written on
that subject, and is one of the gems of
American literature. He died Sept. 26,
1828, in New London, Coim.
BRAINE, DANIEL LAWRENCE, naval
officer, was born May 18, 1829, in New
York city. In 1861 he attacked the con
federate gunboats above Cape Hatteras
and dispersed two regiments of infantry,
sinking two barges filled with soldiers,
and rescuing the twentieth Indiana regi
ment, who were cut off from Hatteras in
let by the enemy. On July 15, 1862, he
received his commission as lieutenant-
commander, and from that time till 1864
was in numerous engagements. He be
came captain in December, 1874, and
commodore in 1885.
BRAINERD, DAVID, missionary, au
thor, was born March 20, 1718, In Had-
dam, Conn. He was a famous mission
ary among the Indians of New England.
Selections from his journals have been
printed, entitled Miriabilia Dei apud In-
dicos; and Divine Grace Displayed. He
died Oct. 9, 1747, in Northampton, Conn.
BRAINERD, LAWRENCE, business
man, United States senator, was born in
1794. He was a senator in congress from
Vermont during the session of 1854 and
1855; and was for many years a leading
business man in the town of St. Albans,
Vt. He died May 9, 1870, in St. Albans,
Vt.
BRAINERD, SAMUEL M., congress
man, was born Nov. 13, 1842, in Erie
county, Pa. He received an academical
education; was admitted to the bar in
1869; and has since practiced his profes
sion in Erie, Pa, In 1872 he was elected
district attorney of his county; and was
elected to the forty-eighth congress as a
republican.
BRAINERD, THOMAS, clergyman,
journalist, was born June 17, 1804, in
Leyden, N. Y. He took charge of the
Fourth presbyterian church in 1831. From
1833 till 1836 he edited the Cincinnati
Journal and the Youth's Magazine, and
also assisted In editing the Presbyterian
Quarterly Review. He died Aug. 21, 1866,
in Scranton, Pa.
BRAKE, HEZEKIAH, farmer, author,
was born Dec. 4, 1814, in England; is the
author of a work entitled On Two Conti
nents. He has had a varied career; has
filled various oflftces of trust in Council
Grove, Kan., where he has attained suc
cess In various enterprises, and has al
ways been interested in educational work.
BRAMAN, BENJAMIN, microscopist,
journalist, was born Nov. 23, 1831, in
Norton, Mass. During 1863-64 he was
teaching at Astoria, and after that date
taught drawing in the Cooper union and
elsewhere in New York. He is a skillful
microscopist, and from its first issue has
edited the Journal of the New York Mi
croscopical Society, of which organization
he has some time been president.
BRAMLETTE, THOMAS E., soldier,
lawyer, jurist, governor, was born Jan. 3,
1817, in Cumberland county, Ky. He was
appointed attorney for the common
wealth in 1848; resigned this position in
two years, and resumed the practice of
law. In 1856 he was elected judge of the
sixth judicial district; and in 1861 re
signed this office to enter the federal
army as colonel of the third Kentucky in
fantry. He was appointed United States
district attorney, and resigned to accept
the nomination for governor; and was
elected, in 1863, for four years. He died
Jan. 12, 1875, in Louisville, Ky.
BRANCH, JOHN, lawyer, United States
senator, governor, was born Nov. 4, 1782,
in Halifax county, N. C. In 1811 he was
elected a state senator; re-elected every
year until 1817, and was then elected
• governor of the state. He again entered
the state senate in 1822; served in the
United States senate from 1823 to 1829;
and was in the latter year appointed sec
retary of the navy. In 1831 he was elected
to a seat in congress as representative
from North Carolina; and in 1834 was
again elected to the state senate. In 1835
he was elected a member of the conven
tion to revise the state constitution; and
in 1843 was appointed governor of the
territory of Florida. He died Jan. 4, 1863,
in Enfield, N. C.
BRANCH, LAWRENCE O'BRIEN, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born July
7, 1820, in Halifax county, N. C. He was
elected a representative from North Caro
lina to the thirty-fourth, thirty-fifth and
thirty-sixth congresses. He took part in
the great rebellion as a general, and was
killed at the battle of Sharpsburg, Sept.
17, 1862.
BRANCH, MRS. MARY LYDIA BOL-
LES, author, poet, was born June 13,
1840, In New London, Conn. She is best
known by her poem, The Petrified Fern,
and is the author of The Kanter Girls,
which is a story for young people.
BRANCH, WILLIAM A. B., soldier,
congressman, was born Feb. 26, 1847, in
Tallahassee, Fla. He entered the Vir
ginia Military institute, remaining there
a few months, when he joined the con
federate army; served as a courier on
staff of general R. F. Hoke; and surren
dered with General Johnston's army in
1865. He studied law under governor
Thomas Bragg, of North Carolina, but
never practiced. At the age of twenty
he took charge of his landed estate in
Beaufort county, N. C., upon which he
has lived ever since, engaged in agricul
ture. He was elected to the fifty-second
and re-elected to the fifty-third congress
as a democrat.
BRANCH, WILLIAM ALPHEUS, edu
cator, was born Aug. 9, 1861, in Jefferson-
ville, 111. In 1888 he was elected princi
pal of schools in Menno, S. D. ; at the end
of three years was appointed county su
perintendent of schools, and in 1893 was
elected to the same position. He has
been most successful in his teachers' In
stitutes, and is one of the foremost edu
cators in South Dakota.
BRAND, JAMES, soldier, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 26, 1834, in Three
Rivers, Canada. He served as a color-
bearer of the twenty-seventh regiment
Connecticut volunteer infantry; and
fought at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville
and Gettysburg. For four years he filled a
pastorate in the Congregational cnurch
at Danvers, Mass.; and since 18 1 3 has
been pastor of the First Congregational
church of Oberlin, Ohio. He is the author
of two books entitled Sermons from a
College Pulpit, and Beasts of Ephesus.
BRANDEBURY, L. G., jurist, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was appointed from
that state chief justice of the Unued
States court for the territory of Utah.
BRANDEGEE, AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born July 15,
1828, in New London, Conn. He was
elected in 1854, 1858, 1859 and 1861, a mem
ber of the Connecticut legislature; and
was chosen speaker in the latter year.
In 1861 he was a presidential elector; and
was elected a representative from Con
necticut to the thirty-eighth congress.
He was a delegate to the Baltimore con
vention of 1864; and was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth congress.
BRANDEIS, FREDERICK, pianist,
composer, was born July 5, 1835, in Vi
enna, Austria. In 1880 he became organ
ist of a synagogue in New York, and in
1886 organist of St. Peter's and St. Paul's
Roman Catholic church. His composi
tions include an introduction and cap-
riccio; grand march and numerous others.
BRANDON, GEORGE C., statesman.
He was governor of Mississippi from 1827
to 1831.
BRANDRETH, BENJAMIN, manufac
turer, state senator, was born June 22,
1808, in England. After coming to Amer
ica he graduated from the Eclectic Med
ical college of New York city. In 1857,
he built the Brandreth house of New
York city. The secret of the enormous
sale of the Brandreth medicines lay in
the fact that during the first fifteen years
or more, he expended almost his entire
profits of $150,000 a year in advertising.
He was elected to the state senate in
1849, and served four years. He was fre
quently a delegate to the conventions of
his party. He died Feb. 19, 1880, in Sing
Sing, N. Y.
BRANDRETH, WILLIAM, capitalist,
was born Oct. 22, 1842, in Sing Sing, N. Y.
In 1868 he became interested in real es
tate, and established the firm of Rowland
and Brandreth of Sing Sing, N. Y. He
was interested in the manufacturing of
iron and steel directly from the ore by the
action of flame, at a cost less than that
of the ordinary methods of production,
which led him to establish the Carbon
Iron company.
BRANDT, CARL LUDWIG, soldier, ar
tist, was born Sept. 22, l&al, in Hamburg,
Germany. He served in the war of 1848-
'50, between Germany and Denmark, and
came to the United States in 1852.
Among his works are A Dish of Alpine
Strawberries; The Fortune Teller; Re
turn from the Alps; Monte Rosa at Sun
rise; Bay of Naples During Eruption of
Vesuvius in 1867; Etna from Taurinlno,
Sicily; Resignation; and The Golden
Treasures of Mexico.
BRANDT, JOHN BAUGHMAN, soldier,
clergyman, was born Aug. 29, 1838, near
Lancaster, Ohio. For four years he
served in the union army, and was pro
moted to captain. In 1886 he was or
dained a clergyman in the presbyterian
church, and has filled pastorates princi
pally in Indianapolis and St. Louis. He
has organized and built a number of
churches, and is the founder of the gen
eral secretaries' conference.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
143
BRANNAN, SAMUEL, pioneer, journal
ist, was born in 1819, in Saco, Me. He was
an elder in that church, and arrived in
San Francisco in July, 1846, as leader of
the Mormon colony sent out in the ship
Brooklyn from New York. He began the
publication of a newspaper, the Star, the
second iu California and the first pub
lished in the San Francisco district.
BRANNAN, WILLIAM PENN, painter,
was born in 1825 in Ohio. He was a
portrait painter of Cincinnati, and the
author of Vagaries of Vandyke Brown;
and The Harp of a Thousand Strings, or
Laughter for a Life Time. He died Aug.
9, 1866, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
SHANNON, JOHN MILTON, soldier,
was born in 1819 in Washington, D. C.
He received the brevet of major-general
of volunteers in 1865, and on March 13,
1865, was brevetted brigadier-general in
the regular army, and major-general for
gallant and meritorious services during
the war.
BRANSFORD, CLIFTON WOOD, jour
nalist, orator, banker, was born Jan. 24,
1858, in Owensboro, Ky. He attended
Bransford institute (which was founded
by his father) and graduated in 1887 from
the Cumberland university of Lebanon,
Tenn. In 1877-78 he attended the Louis
ville Law school; but subsequently aban
doned law to enter journalism; and for
ten years he was editor of The Messenger
of Owensboro, Ky. Since 1887 he has
been successfully engaged in the milling
business, and is the proprietor of the
Bransford Mills and Elevator. He was
Instrumental in organizing the Owens
boro Banking company, of which he has
always been president. He is also prom
inently identified with various business
enterprises of his city; and was unani
mously chosen elector on the Bryan and
Sewall ticket, but resigned before elec
tion. He has also attained prominence
as an eloquent orator.
BRANT, DAVID, journalist, legislator,
was born July 6, 1850, in Shelbyville, Ind.
He received his education in the state
university of Iowa; and for twenty years
has been a successful editorial writer and
press correspondent. He served in tne
Iowa legislature in the regular and spe
cial sessions of the twenty-sixth general
assembly, and took an active part in the
deliberations of that body.
BRANTLEY, WILLIAM G., lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born Sept.
18, 1860, in Blackshear, Ga. He repre
sented Pierce county in the Georgia house
of representatives in 1884-85; represented
third senatorial district in Georgia sen-
_ate in 1886-87; was elected solicitor-geu-
'eral of Brunswick circuit in 1888 for a
term of four years, and re-elected in 1892
for another term of four years. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
BRASHER, ABRAHAM, soldier, poet,
was born Dec. 2, 1734, in New York city.
He was one of the most active associates
of the liberty boys of his native city, and
wrote many of the popular ballads of the
revolutionary period. Among his poet
ical productions were Another New
Year's Address, and the General's Trip to
Morristown, which were favorites in the
American camp. He died in 1782.
BRASWELL, THOMAS JEFFERSON,
lawyer, legislator, was born Sept. 28, 1852,
In DeKalb county, Tenn. In 1881 he be
came a member of the Missouri state
legislature, and received the re-election
the following year. During 1888-94 he
was prosecuting attorney of Oregon coun
ty. Mo., and has attained prominence as
one of the foremost lawyers of Missouri.
BRATTLE. THOMAS, merchant, au
thor, was born in 1657, in Massachusetts.
He was a once famous Boston merchant,
and the author of Eclipse of the Sun and
Moon Observed in New England; and
Lunar Eclipse in New England, 1707. He
died May 18, 1713, in Boston, Mass.
BRATTLE, WILLIAM, clergyman,
author, was born in 1763. He was pastor
of the church in Cambridge, having been
previously a tutor in Harvard college.
He published a treatise on logic entitled
Compendium Logicae Secundum Prin-
cipia D. Renati Cartesii, which was long
used as a recitation book in the college.
He died Feb. 15, 1717.
BRATTON, JOH^, soldier, physician,
congressman, was born March 7, 1831, in
Winnsboro, S. C. He enlisted in the con
federate army in 1861 and served through
out the war, attaining the rank of briga
dier-general. He was a member of the
state constitutional convention in 1865;
was a member of the state senate in 1866;
was chairman of the South Carolina dele
gation to the democratic national conven
tion in 1876, and a member of the demo
cratic state committee the same year. He
was a delegate from South Carolina to the
democratic national convention of 1880.
In 1881 he was elected, by the legislature,
comptroller-general of the state of South
Carolina, to fill a vacancy, and in 1884 he
was elected a representative from South
Carolina to the forty-eighth congress.
BRAUN, CHRISTIAN, business man,
was born Sept. 5, 1858, in Paterson, N. J.
He was made a candidate for mayor of
the city of Paterson in 1893, and elected
by an immense majority.
BRAUNHART, SAMUEL, business
man, state senator, was born Jan. 1,
1848, in Germany. In 1880 he was elected
a member of the assembly of the Cali
fornia state legislature, and in 1897 be
came a member of the state senate. He
has filled numerous public offices in San
Francisco.
BRAWLEY, WILLIAM H., soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born in
1841 in South Carolina. He served in
the confederate army, and was solicitor
of the sixth judicial circuit. He served
in the legislature of South Carolina, and
was elected t'o the fifty-second congress
as a democrat; was elected to the fifty-
third congress and served until February,
1894, when he was appointed United
States judge for North Carolina by Presi
dent Cleveland.
BRAXTON, CARTER, legislator, con
gressman, was born Sept. 10, 1736, on the
Mattapony river, Va. In 1760 he was
elected to the house of burgesses, in which
he was conspicuous. He was a delegate
from Virginia to the continental congress
in 1776, and signed the Declaration of In
dependence. After that service ne fre
quently served in the Virginia legislature
He died Oct. 10, 1797, in Richmond, Va.
BRAXTON, ELLIOTT M., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 8,
1823, in Matthews county, Va. He was
elected to the state senate in 1851, and re-
elected in 1853. He was elected to the
common council of Fredericksburg in
1866, and was elected a representative
from Virginia to the forty-second con
gress.
BRAY, ANDREW WATSON, insurance
manager, was born July 24, 1855, In
Rockaway, N. J. He was one of the val
ued agents of the Delaware, Lackawan-
na and Western railroad; and subse
quently assumed the management in New
Jersey for the Mutual Life Insurance
company.
BRAYMAN, MASON, soldier, lawyer,
journalist, governor, was born May 23,
1813, in Buffalo, N. Y. He was brought
up as a farmer, but became a printer,
edited the Buffalo Bulletin in 1834-35,
studied law, and was admitted to the bar
in 1836. In 1842 he opened a law office
in Springfield, 111. In 1844-45 he revised
and published the statutes of Illinois un
der the appointment of the governor and
the authority of the legislature. He af
terwards became interested in railroad
enterprises. He served through the civil
war; and in 1876-80 was governor of the
territory of Idaho.
BRAYTON, GEORGE BAILEY, invent
or, was born Oct. 23, 1829, in Crompton,
R. I. He was the inventor of a safety
steam boiler, and of the high pressure gas
engine.
BRAYTON, SAMUEL NELSON, edu
cator, physician, journalist, was born
Jan. 11, 1839, in Queensbury, N. Y. He
engaged in practice in Honeoye Falls, N.
Y., removed to Buffalo in 1877, and be
came professor of the theory and practice
of medicine in the Buffalo college of phy
sicians and surgeons upon its establish
ment, and dean of the faculty in 1881.
He is also editor of the Eclectic Phy
sicians' and Surgeons' Investigator, a
monthly homeopathic journal, published
in Buffalo.
BRAYTON, WILLIAM D., state sen
ator, congressman, was born Nov. 6, 1815,
in Warwick, R. I. In 1841 he was elected
to the state assembly, serving two terms.
In 1848 he was elected to the state sen
ate; again elected to the state assembly
in 1851; and in 1855 was a second time
elected state senator. He was presiden
tial elector in 1856; and was elected a
member from Rhode Island to the thirty-
fifth and thirty-sixth congresses.
BRAZZA, CORA, author, was born In
1862 in Louisiana. She is the author of
An American Idyl; a Literary Farce; and
Guide to the Old and New Race In Italy.
BREARE, GEORGE W., lawyer, jurist,
was born Feb. 28, 1858, in Newton, Ala.
In 1880 he moved to Florida, and the fol
lowing year was appointed justice of the
peace, which he filled for eight years, In
Suwannee county. In 1896 he was elected
county judge of Lafayette county, Fla.,
and received the re-election the following
year.
BREARLY, DAVID, soldier, jurist, was
born in 1745. He was lieutenant-colonel
in the revolutionary army and a brave
officer. He was a member of the state
and federal constitutional conventions of
New Jersey; chief justice in that state
for nine years; and in 1789 was appointed
United States judge for the district of
New Jersey. He died Aug. 16, 1790 in
Trenton, N. J.
BREATHITT, JOHN, educator, lawyer,
legislator, governor, was born Sept. 9,
1786, in New London, Va. He was a sur
veyor and school teacher; and was ad
mitted to the bar in 1810. He was sev
eral years in the legislature; was lieuten
ant-governor from 1828 to 1832; and was
governor of Kentucky from 1832 to 1834
He died Feb. 21, 1834, In Frankfort, Ky.
BREATHITT, JOHN W., jurist was
born Jan. 9, 1825, in Hopkihsville, Ky.
He has been postmaster of his native
city; judge of Christian county; and has
taken an active part in the public affairs
of his city, county and state.
BRECK, CHARLES HAMDEN, lawyer,
jurist, was born June 26, 1837. He Is a
successful lawyer of Richmond, Va.,
where for a number of years he has been
judge of the county court.
144
HMRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BRECK, DANIEL, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, legislator, congressman, was born in
1788 in Boston, Mass. His first public
position iii Kentucky was that of judge
of a county court. In 1824 he was elected
to the state legislature; and was re-
elected for five years. From 1835 until
1840 he was president of the Branch bank
of Kentucky at Richmond; in 1840 was a
presidential elector; in 1843 was ap
pointed judge of the supreme court of
Kentucky; and was a representative in
congress from Kentucky from 1849 to
1851. He died in 1871.
BRECK, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist, was
born Sept. 17, 1810, in Boston, Mass. In
1834 he was admitted to the bar and for
many years was a magistrate in the city
of Baltimore. In 1849 he moved to New
York city, where he has taken a promi
nent part in the public affairs of that
•city.
BRECK. ROBERT, clergyman, author,
was born July 25, 1713. He was gradu
ated at Harvard in lidO, and was clergy
man of Springfield from July 26, 1736, till
his death. He published funeral sermons
and a century sermon on the burning of
Springfield by the Indians. He died April
23, 1784, in Springfield, Mass.
BRECK, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born July 17, 1771, in Boston, Mass. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from lis/3 to 1825. He died
:Sept. 1,' 1862, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BRECK. SAMUEL, soldier, was born
Feb. 25, 1834, in Middleborough, Mass.
In 1851 he entered the United States mili
tary academy at
West Point, N. Y.;
he graduated four
years later, and was
promoted in the
army to brevet sec
ond lieutenant of ar
tillery. He went
through all the
grades and was
made brigadier gen
eral in the United
States army in 1865,
for diligent, faithful
a meritorious services during the rebel
lion. Since 1870 he has served in Califor
nia, New York, Washington, D. C., Min
nesota, Omaha, and is now serving on
Governor's Island, N. Y. In 1887 he was
appointed lieutenant-colonel, assistant
adjutant general; and in 1893 was made
colonel and assistant adjutant general
BRECK, WILLIAM, merchant, legis
lator, was born Dec. 17, 1825, in Croydon
N. H. In 1853 he established himself in
business in California, and eventually re
turned to Claremont, N. H., where he
died in 1889. He was a member of the
state legislature.
BRECKENRIDGE, CLIFTON R., sol
dier, business man, congressman ' was
born Nov. 22, 1846, in Lexington, Ky. He
entered the confederate service. He en
gaged in cotton planting in Arkansas;
also in the commission business at Pine
Bluff, Ark.; and was elected a represent
ative from Arkansas to the forty-eighth
and forty-ninth congresses as a democrat.
BRECKENRIDGE, JAMES, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born March 1\
1763, in Fincastle, Va. In 1781 he was a
soldier in Colonel Preston's rifle regiment
under General Greene. He was a promi
nent leader of the old federal party in the
general assembly of the state; and was a
member of the United States congress
from 1809 to 1817. He was one of the
originators of the Chesapeake and Ohio
canal; and with Mr. Jefferson, a founder
of the university of Virginia. He died
Aug. 9, 1846, in Fincastle. Va.
BRECKENRIDGE. JAMES D., con
gressman, was born in Jefferson county,
Ky. He was a representative in congress
from that state from 1821 to 1823. He
died May, 1849. in Louisville, Ky.
BRECKENRIDGE, JOHN, lawyer leg
islator, United States senator, author, was
born Dec. 2, 1760, in Augusta county, Va.
He was the author and advocate of the
celebrated Resolutions of 1798-99, in the
legislature of Virginia. He emigrated to
Kentucky; and was elected united States
senator in 1801. he was appointed at
torney general of the United States and
served during 1805-06. He died Dec. 14,
1806, in Lexington, Ky.
BRECKENRIDGE, JOHN CABELL.
soldier, general, vice-president of the
United States, was born Jan. 16, 1821,
near Lexington, Ky.
He served as a ma
jor of infantry dur
ing the war with
Mexico, and while in
that country distin
guished himself as
the counsel of Ma-
jor-General Pillow
during the famous
court martial. On his
return from Mexico
he was elected to
the state legislature,
e was a representative in congress from
the Ashland district from 1851 to 1855
He was elected vice-president of the
United States in 1856, on the ticket with
James Buchanan, and entered upon the
duties of his office in March 1857 as
president of the United States senate. In
I860 he was nominated by the southern
democratic party as their candidate for
president. In 1861 he went into the sen
ate as the successor of Mr. Crittenden
He took part in the great rebellion as a
general; and in 1865 was appointed sec
retary of war of the confederacy He
died May 17, 1875, in Lexington, Ky.
BRECKENRIDGE, ROBERT JEFFER
SON, clergyman, author, was born March
8, 1800, in Cabell's Dale, Ky. He was a
noted presbyterian clergyman of Lexing
ton, Ky.; and the author of Popery In
ternal Evidence of Christianity; Memor
anda of Foreign Travel; and Travels in
France, Germany, etc. His chief work
was a system of theology. The Knowledge
of God, Objectively and Subjectively Con
sidered. He was a writer of very posi
tive views, and one of the leaders in tne
division of the presbyterian church into
old and new school in 1837. He died Dec
27, 1871, in Danville, Ky.
BRECKENRIDGE, WILLIAM CAMP
BELL PRESTON, soldier, journalist
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Aug. 28, 1837, in Baltimore, Md. In 1862
he entered the confederate army as cap
tain of cavalry; rose to the rank of col
onel, and, at the time of the surrender,
was in command of a brigade of Ken
tucky cavalry. He was editor of the Lex
ington Observer and Reporter from 1866
to 1868; county attorney from 18bt> to Ifciu;
member of the city council of Lexington
from 1870 to 1879; and professor of equity
jurisprudence and pleadings in the law
department of the Kentucky university in
1872. He was presidential elector In
1872; delegate to the democratic national
conventions of 1876 and 1880, and was
elected a representative from Kentucky
to the forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, flf-
ty-second and fifty-third congresses as a
democrat.
BREED, DAVID RIDDLE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1848 in Pennsylvania.
He is a presbyterian minister of Chi
cago; and the author of More Light-
Abraham, the Typical Life of Faith; His
tory of the Preparation of the World for
Christ; and Heresy and Heresy.
BREED, WILLIAM PRATT, clergyman
author, was born in 1816 in New York. He
is a presbyterian clergyman of Philadel
phia. His works are mainly religious
juveniles, and among them are Jenny
Geddes; Home Songs for Home Birds-
Grapes from the Great Vine; and A Board
and Abroad.
BREEDEN, MARSHALL A., lawyer,
legislator, was born Feb. 22, 1848, in
Maysville, Ky. He graduated from the
Mount Ziam academy, 111., and became
a union soldier at the age of fifteen years.
During ls<2-73 he was clerk of the su
preme court of New Mexico; during l&iA-
84 was postmaster of Santa Fe, N. M.;
and in 1884-88 was public prosecutor for
the northern district of New Mexico. In
1894 he was president of the Utah state
senate, and now practices law in Ogden.
BREESE, KIDDER RANDOLPH, naval
officer, was born April 14, 1831, in Phila
delphia, Pa. As passed midshipman he
served in Commodore Perry's Japan ev-
pedition and was on the Macedonian,
which visited the northern end of For
mosa to search for coal and inquire into
the captivity of Americans on that island.
He next served on the San Jacmto. which
captured 1,500 slaves on the coast of Af
rica and took Mason and Slideli from
on board the Trent in November, 1861 He
died Sept. 13, 1881.
BREESE. SAMUEL LIVINGSTON, na
val officer, was born in 1794 in Utica,
N. Y. He was present at me battle of
Lake Champlain in 1814; was present at
the capture of Vera Cruz in 1847; and
was promoted to rear admiral in 1862. He
died Dec. 17, 1870, in Mt. Airey, Pa.
BREESE, SIDNEY, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, legislator, author, was born July 15.
1800, in Whitesborough, N. Y. In 1822 he
was appointed state attorney, which office
he held until 1827, when he was appoint
ed United States district attorney for Il
linois. In 1829 he published a volume
of Decisions of the Supreme Court, which
now bears his name, and was the first
octavo volume published in the state. He
served in the Black Hawk war as a lieu
tenant of volunteers: and in 1835 was
elected a circuit judge. He was a sena
tor in congress from Illinois from 1843 to
1849. In 1850 he became a member of the
Illinois legislature, and was elected speak
er. He was one of the originators of tho
Illinois Central railroad and in 1855 was
again placed on the circuit court bench,
and made chief judge. He published a
work on Illinois in 1869. He died June
27, 1878, in Pinckneyville, 111.
BREHM, MIRIAM J., poet, was born
Sept. 6, 1845, in Hinesburgh, N. Y. For
many years she was engaged in education
al work, and is the author of many poems
of merit, and several of her songs have
become very popular.
BREIDENBAUGH, EDWARD SVVOY-
ER, educator, author, was born Jan. 13,
1849, In Newville, Pa. He is a professor
of chemistry in Pennsylvania college;
and the author of Notes on Inorganic
Chemistry; and Mineralogy of the Farm
BREIDENTHAL, JOHN W., public offi
cial, was born June 22, 1857, in Sibley
county, Minn. He has been prominent in
political affairs; assisted in the for
mation of the union labor party at Cin
cinnati, in 1887; received a large vote for
United States senator in January, 1893.
and since February of that year has been
state bank commissioner of Kansas.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BREiL, JOSEPH, lawyer, was born
June, 1849, in Germany. He has attained
success as a noted lawyer of Pittsburg,
Pa.; is considered the best linguist at the
Pittsburg bar; and can write and speak
and transact business in six languages.
BREITUNG, EDWARD, capitalist, leg
islator, state senator, congressman, was
born Nov. 10, 1831, in Germany. He en
gaged in business at Negaunee, Mich., as
a. capitalist and land speculator, and in
iron mining. In 1872 he was elected a
representative in the state legislature for
the term of two years; was state senator
in 1877-78; and was elected mayor of
Negaunee in 1878-80, and 1882. He was
elected a representative from Michigan
to the forty-eighth congress as a repub
lican. He died March 3, 1887.
BREMAN, DOMINIC M., priest, poet,
was born about 1865 in Albany, N. Y.
After completing a preparatory course he
studied philosophy and theology among
the Passionist fathers, and was admitted
to orders in 1892. For three years he has
been associate editor of The Union and
Times of Buffalo, N. Y. He is the author
of Heart-Tones, a collected edition of his
poems.
BREMICKER, CHARLES, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 16, 1862, in Ger
many. He graduated from the Presbyter
ian seminary of Dubuque, Iowa; and
from the McCormick Theological semi
nary of Chicago. He has filled pastorates
in the presbyterian M""-^ in Texas and
Illinois; and is the author of the Life and
Works of Yonder Lippe, a noted clergy
man of the presbyterian church.
BRENEMAN, ABRAM ADAM, chemist,
• lecturer, author, was born April 28, 1847,
in Lancaster, Pa. In 1875 he was ap
pointed assistant professor and lecturer
on chemistry at Cornell, where from 1879
till 1882 he was professor of industrial
chemistry. Since then he has resided in
New York, where he has been actively
engaged in professional work as a writer,
an analyst, and a chemical expert. He has
written on the chemistry of ceramic man
ufactures and delivered a course of lec
tures on that subject in New York. With
Prof. G. C. Caldwell b° has published A
Manual of Introductory Laboratory Prac
tice.
BRENGLE, FRANCIS, congressman,
was born in Maryland. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845. He died Dec. 10, 1846.
BRENNAN, EDGAR H., railroad pres
ident, was born June 15, 1851, in Louis
ville, Ky. He is president of the Port
Clinton Short Line, and he has also been
president of various other railroads in
Ohio.
BRENNAN, JOHN R., man of affairs,
was born May 22, 1848, in Ireland. He re
ceived his education in the common
schools of Iowa county, Wis. For thirty-
two years he was engaged in the hotel
business in Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas
City and Denver. For nearly ten years
he was postmaster of Rapid City, S. D. ;
has been its mayor; and is also president
•of the Dakota State School of Mines. Dur
ing 1892-96 he was railroad commissioner
for the state of South Dakota.
BRENNAN, THOMAS, lumberman, was
born in November, 1838, in Ireland. He
was superintendent of the Duluth road,
but resigned the position in order to ac
cept the superintendency of the Manitoba
railroad. In 1881 he gave up railroading
to engage in the lumber business, and so
successful was this venture that he be
came known as one of the largest oper
ators in the northwest. He died March
1, 1890, in Hot Springs.
10
BRENNEN, WILLIAM JAMES, lawyer,
was born Sept. 5, 1850, in Pittsburg, Pa.
He was democratic candidate for auditor-
general in 1886, and as a representative in
the fifty-second congress from the twen
ty-second Pennsylvania district. He is
the attorney for the Amalgamated Asso
ciation of Iron and Steel Workers of Pitts
burg, Pa.
BRENNER, JOHN L., business man,
congressman, was born in 1832 in Ohio.
He attended the Springfield, Ohio, acad
emy; and was engaged in farming until
1862, when he engaged in the nursery bus
iness, which pursuit he followed quite
successfully until 1874, when he then en
gaged iu the leaf tobacco business. He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
BRENT, HENRY JOHNSON, author,
was born in 1811 in Washington, D. C. He
contributed to Porter's Spirit of the
Times, over the well-known signature of
Stirrup, and was the associate of Lewis
Gaylord Clark in founding and editing
the Knickerbocker, a magazine that en
joyed great popularity from 1833 until
1864. He was also a painter. His best
literary work was Life Almost Alone,
published as a serial in the Knicker
bocker, and Was it a Ghost? a theory and
discussion of the celebrated murder of the
Joyce children. He died Aug. 3, 1880, in
New York city.
BRENT, RICHARD, United States sen
ator, was born • in Virginia. He was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1795 to 1799, and again from 1801 to
1803; and was a senator in congress from
1809 to 1814. He died Dec. 30, 1814, in
Washington, D. C.
BRENT, WILLIAM L., congressman,
was born in Charles county, Md. He was
a representative in congress from Louis
iana from 1823 to 1829. He died in July,
1848.
BRENTANO, LORENZO, journalist,
legislator, congressman, was born Nov.
14, 1813, in Germany. He became editor
of the Illinois Staats-Zeitung, and in
1862 was a member of the state legisla
ture. For five years he was president of
the Chicago board of education. In 1868
he was presidential elector on the Grant
and Colfax ticket. He was appointed
United States consul at Dresden in 1872,
and served until 1876, when he was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-fifth congress as a republican.
BRENTON, ANDREW T., physician,
was born Sept. 15, 1847, in Indianapolis,
Ind. He received his education at the
Iowa state university; and graduated in
medicine from the College of Physicians
and Surgeons of Keokuk, Iowa. He has
attained prominence as one of the lead
ing physicians of Iowa; and has held
various public positions of honor in Sac
City of that state.
BRENTON, SAMUEL, clergyman, col
lege president, congressman, was born
Nov. 22, 1810, in Gallatin, Ky. He was a
minister of the gospel from the age of
twenty until 1848. He was elected to
congress from Indiana in 1851, and again
in 1855. He was also president of tfle
Fort Wayne college. He died March 29,
1857, in Fort Wayne, Ind.
BRENTON, WILLIAM, governor of
Rhode Island, was born in England. He
was lieutenant-governor of Rhode Island
prior to 1660, president of the colony be
tween 1660 and 1661, and governor under
the charter obtained from Charles II.
from 1666 till 1669. His original grant
gave him a certain number of acres for
every mile of land surveyed, and on the
strength of this he secured much valuable
property. He was one of the nine origi
nal proprietaries of Rhode Island. His
name is preserved in Brenton's Point and
Brenton's Reef, Narragansett Bay. He
died in 1674, in Newport, R. I.
BRENTS, THOMAS HURLEY, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born Dec. 24, 1840,
near Florence, 111. He received his edu
cation at the common schools; the Bap
tist college of Oregon City; and the Mc-
Minnville college, Oregon. He was ap
pointed justice of the peace, was the first
postmaster of Canyon City; and the first
county clerk of Grant county. In 1866
he was elected a member of the Oregon
state legislature. In 1870 he moved to
Walla Walla, Wash., and was made prose
cuting attorney of that city. He was
a member of the forty-sixth, forty-
seventh, and forty-eighth congresses as
a representative from Washington; and
has served as judge of the superior court
for Walla Walla county.
BRETZ, JOHN L., educator, lawyer,
jurist, banker, congressman, was born
Sept. 21, 1852, near Huntingburg, Ind.
He was educated in common country
schools and Huntingburg high school;
taught school three years; read law
under Hon. W. A. Traylor, and graduated
from the Cincinnati Law school in 1880.
He located in Jasper the same year; was
elected prosecuting attorney of the
eleventh judicial circuit in 1884; and was
re-elected in 1886 and 1888. He was
elected to the fifty-second and re-elected
to the fifty-third congress as a democrat;
after retiring from congress in 1895, re
turned to the practice of law; is president
of Farmers' and Merchants' bank of Jas
per, Ind.; and vice-president of Spring
field, Ohio River and South Atlantic Rail
way company.
BREVARD, EPHRAIM, patriot, physi
cian, surgeon, was born about 1750. He
was the author of the Mecklenburg decla
ration of independence. In May, 1775, he
was clerk of the convention held in Char
lotte, Mecklenburg county, and, as one
of the committee to prepare resolutions,
produced the famous document by which
they anticipated by more than a year the
declaration by congress. When the Brit
ish invaded the southern states, Dr. Bre-
vard entered the continental army as a
surgeon, and was taken prisoner at Char
leston in 1780. He died about 1783, in
Charlotte, N. C.
BREVARD, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Iredell county, N. C. He was a
representative in congress from South
Carolina from 1819 to 1821.
BREVOORT, HENRY, was born in 1791.
He inherited a large landed estate on
Manhattan island, which became extreme
ly valuable as the city increased in popu
lation. He was of literary taste and the
life-long friend of Washington Irving,
with whom he traveled in Europe and
corresponded for half a century. He re
moved, in early life, to Yonkers, but re
turned to New York and was a member of
the common council for many years. He
died April 11, 1874, in Rye, N. Y.
BREVOORT, JAMES RENWICK, paint
er, was born July 20, 1832, in Westchester,
N. Y. He is very successful in the treat
ment of American landscape in a low tone
of color, this being his favorite line of
work. Among his pictures are Scene in
Holland; Lake of Como; Storm on English
Moor; May Morning, Lake Como; New
England Scene; Morning in Early Winter;
The Wild November Comes at Last:
Windy Evening on the Moors; and Windy
Day on a Moor.
146
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BREWER, CHARLES MARTIN, law
yer, was born Nov. 4, 1860, in Rock Dell,
Minn. In 1890 he was admitted to the
bar; has been justice of the peace for
four years; and is postmaster of Stacy,
Minn., where he: holds a high position as
an able lawyer and public officer.
BREWER, DAVID JOSIAH, associate
justice of the United States supreme
court, was born June 20, 1837, in Smyrna,
Asia Minor. He is
! the son of Rev. Jo-
siah Brewer and
Emilia A. Field, sis
ter of David Dudley,
( '\ i us VV., and JUB-
t i < e Stephen J.
Field; and his fath
er was an early mis
sionary to Turkey.
He was graduated
from Yale college in
1856 and from the
Albany Law school
in 1858; and established himself in his
profession at Leavenworth, Kan., in 1859,
where he resided until he removed to
Washington to enter upon his present du
ties. In 1861 he was appointed United
States commissioner; from 1862 to 1865
was judge of the probate and criminal
courts of Leavenworth county; from
1865 to 1869 was judge of the district
court; and from 1869 to 1870 was county
attorney of Leavenworth. In 1870 he was
elected a justice of the supreme court of
his state, and re-elected in 1876 and 1882;
in 1884 was appointed judge of the circuit
court of the United States for the eighth
district; and was appointed to his pres
ent position, to succeed Justice Stanley
Matthews, deceased, in December, 1889,
and was commissioned December 18, 1889.
BREWER, FRANCIS B., pioneer, physi
cian, legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 8, 1820, in Keene, N. Y. In connec
tion with others he organized the Penn
sylvania Rock Oil company, the pioneer
petroleum enterprise. He then settled at
Westfield, N. Y. ; was a representative in
the state legislature in 1873 and 1874;
government director of the Union Pacific
railroad from 1874 to 1878; and manager
of the State Insane asylum at Buffalo in
1881 and 1882. He was for ten years
president of the First National bank of
Westfield; and was elected a representa
tive from New York to the forty-eight!!
congress as a republican.
BREWER, J. HART, manufacturer,
legislator, congressman, was born March
29, 1844, in Hunterdon county, N. J. He
engaged in the manufacture of pottery;
was a member of the state house of repre
sentatives in 1876; and was elected a
representative from New Jersey to the
forty-seventh and forty-eighth congresses
as a republican.
BREWER, JOSIAH, missionary, was
born in 1796, in Berkshire, Mass. He was
one of the first to volunteer as a mis
sionary to Turkey for the American
board, and in 1830 sailed for the east.
He died Nov. 19, 1872, in Boston, Mass.
BREWER, LEIGH RICHMOND, bishop
of Montana, was born Jan. 20, 1839, in
Berkshire, Vt. He was rector of Grace
church of Carthage, N. Y., for six years,
when he became rector of Trinity church
of Watertown, N. Y. He was then elected
missionary bishop of Montana, and was
consecrated in 1880.
BREWER, MARK S., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Oct. 22, 1837,
in Addison, Mich. He received an aca
demic education; read law with Governor
Moses Wisner and the Hon. M. E. Cro-
foot, and since 1864 has practiced law in
Pontiac, Mich. He has been city attor
ney; was state senator in 1873-74; and
has served with distinction as a member
of the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, fiftieth and
fifty-first congresses as a republican; de
clining a renomination. During 1881-85
he was United States consul general to
Berlin. He is an able lawyer and bril
liant orator; and is recognized as one of
the most prominent republicans of Michi
gan. In 1896 he was a delegate at large
to the republican national convention.
BREWER, THEODORE FRELING-
HUYSEN, clergyman, college president,
was born Jan. 20, 1845, in Gibson county,
Tenn. He received his education at the
Yorkville academy and the Andrew col
lege. He is a noted clergyman in the
methodist episcopal church, and presi
dent of the Harrell International insti
tute of Muskogee, I. T.
BREWER, THOMAS MAYO, ornitholo
gist, author, was born Nov. 21, 1814, in
Boston, Mass. He was a Massachusetts
ornithologist who was the principal au
thor of the History of North American
Birds prepared with Ridgway and S. F.
Baird; and Oology of North America is
also by him. He died Jan. 24, 1880, in
Boston, Mass.
BREWER, WILLIAM HENRY, educa
tor, author, was born Sept. 14, 1828, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He has been a pro
fessor of agriculture in the Sheffield
Scientific school at New Haven since 1864;
and is the author of Botany of California.
BREWER, WILLIS, soldier, journalist,
state senator, congressman, author, was
born in Alabama. He entered the mili
tary service of the confederate states at
the age of eighteen years; has been a
journalist, has practiced law, has written
books, and is now a planter. In 1871 he
was county treasurer of Lowndes; was
state auditor from 1876 to 1880; was state
legislator from 1880 to 1882; state sena
tor from 1882 to 1890; state legislator
from 1890 to 1894; and state senator from
1894 till he resigned in 1897. He was
elected for the state at large on the demo
cratic ticket in 1892, and was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
BREWERTON, GEORGE DOUGLAS,
soldier, author, was born in 1820, in Cuba.
He is a United States army officer; and
the author of The War in Kansas, a
Rough Trip to the Border; Fitzpoodle at
Newport; Ida Lewis, the Heroine of
Lime Rock; The Automaton Company;
and The Automaton Battery.
BREWSTER, BENJAMIN HARRIS,
lawyer, jurist, was born Oct. 13, 1816, in
Salem county, N. J. He was appointed, by
President Polk, to adjudicate the claims
of the Cherokee Indians against the
United States; and in 1867 was appointed
attorney-general of Pennsylvania. In
1881 he was appointed, by President Gar-
field, attorney-general of the United
States. He died April 4, 1888, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
BREWSTER, CHARLES WARREN,
journalist, author, legislator, state sena
tor, was born Sept. 13, 1812, in Ports
mouth, N. H. He began to work for his
living as an apprentice in the office of the
Portsmouth Journal. In fifteen years he
had become its proprietor, and when he
died had been connected with his journal
for more than fifty years. He served
several terms in the legislature, and was
a member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1850-51. He is the author of
Fifty Years in a Printing Office; and
Rambles about Portsmouth. He died
Aug. 3, 1868, in Portsmouth, N. H.
BREWSTER, DAVID P., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1839 to 1843. He died Feb. 21, 1876, in
Oswego, N. Y.
BREWSTER, FLORA ALZORA, jour
nalist, physician, surgeon, was born Feb.
26, 1852, in Alfred, N. Y. In 1879 she
edited The Newsboys' Appeal of Chicago;
in 1889-90 was editor of the Baltimore
Family Health Journal; and in 1891 was
assistant editor of the Homoeopathic Ad
vocate. She was the former physician in
charge of the Home for Fallen Women,
and the Female House of Refuge of Bal
timore; and is now the proprietor and
surgeon in charge of The Sanitarium.
She was also lecturer on physiology and
hygiene at the Maryland Woman's col
lege of Lutherville, Md.
BREWSTER, FREDERICK CARROLL,
lawyer, author, was born May 15, 1825,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was judge of the
court of common pleas for three years;
and in 1869 was appointed attorney-gen
eral of the commonwealth. He is the
author of Moliere in Outline; Life of
Disraeli; Condensation of Blackstone;
Rule in Shelly's Case; and Digest of Penn
sylvania Reports.
BREWSTER, HENRY, manufacturer,
was born May 19, 1824, in New Haven,
Conn. He started in business for him
self in 1856, with partners, as Brewster
and Co., and devoted himself to the con
struction of fine carriages. The firm
soon became the largest of their class in
the world. He was one of the organizers
of the Union League club, and he stoutly
espoused the cause of the union during
the civil war. He died Sept. 20, 1887, in
New York city.
BREWSTER, HENRY C., banker, con
gressman, was born Sept. 7, 1845, in Roch
ester, N. Y. He became a bank clerk in
1863, and bank of
ficer in 1868, which
position he still oc
cupies. He also holds
other important po
sitions in the busi-
ness affairs of his
native city. Has
been president of
the chamber of com
merce and also of
the Clearing House
association. He has
always taken an ac
tive interest in the republican party, and
has contributed largely of his time and
means toward its success. He has been
vice-president of the New York State
League of Republican clubs and president
of the Monroe County league, and vice-
president of the National League of Re
publican clubs. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican.
BREWSTER, LYMAN DENNISON,
lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born July
31, 1832, in Salisbury, Conn. He was
judge of probate in 1858; judge of court
of common pleas from 1870 to 1874;
member of the state legislature in 1870,
1878 and 1879; and a prominent member
of the state senate in 1880 and 1881.
BREWSTER, SIMON LATHAM, mer
chant, banker, was born July 27, 1811, in
Griswold, Conn. In 1863 he became presi
dent of what is now The Traders' Nation
al bank of Rochester; and is the oldest
president of a national bank in the state.
He was one of the first promoters of the
Hoosac Tunnel road; and is president of
The Nashua, Acton and Boston railroad.
HERRINGSHA\V'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
147
BREWSTER, WILLIAM, pilgrim, was
born in 1560, in England. He negotiated
a grant of land for his people somewhere
near the mouth of the Hudson river; and
early in 1620, with a number of persons,
he embarked in the ship Mayflower at
Plymouth, England, setting sail Sept. 16,
and arriving in Cape Cod bay on Nov. 21,
1620. He died April 16, 1644.
BREWSTER, WILLIAM, ornithologist,
author, was born July 5, 1851, in Wake-
field, Mass. He has devoted his attention
exclusively to the study of ornithology,
becoming in 1880 assistant in charge of
the collection of birds and mammals in
the Boston society of natural history; and
in 1885 curator of ornithology at the mu
seum of comparative zoology, Cambridge.
Mr. Brewster is a fellow of the American
association for the advancement of
science, and in 1876 became president of
the Nuttall ornithological club of Cam
bridge. He has published articles in the
Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological
Club; in the Annals of the New York
Lyceum of Natural History; Proceedings
of the Boston Society of Natural History;
The Auk; and other periodicals.
BREWSTER, WILLIAM R., soldier.
He was a colonel in the Excelsior brigade,
organized by Daniel E. Sickles in 1861,
and after the promotion of that officer was
made a brigadier-general of volunteers.
He died Dec. 13, 1869, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BREYFOGEL, SYLVANUS C., clergy-
man,bishop,author,was born July 20, 1851,
near Pleasantville.Pa. He served as a pas
tor for fourteen years; as a presiding eld
er for five years; and since 1891 has been
a bishop in the Evangelical association.
Since 1895 he has also been president of
the Evangelical School of Theology. For
several years he was editor of a homi-
letical monthly magazine; and is the
author of a work entitled Evangelical
Landmarks. He has visited Europe and
Japan in the performance of his episcopal
duties; and traveled extensively in the
United States and Canada preaching, lec
turing, and presiding over ecclesiastical
conferences.
BRICE, BENJAMIN W., soldier, was
born in 1809, in Virginia. He became a
lawyer, and was a judge of common pleas
in 1845, and adjutant-general of the state
in 1846. He was promoted brigadier-gen
eral on July 28, 1866, and on Jan. 1, 1872,
was retired from active service.
BRICE, CALVIN STEWART, soldier,
educator, lawyer, United States senator,
was born Sept. 17, 1845, in Denmark, Ohio.
He served through
I the civil war. He
| was delegate at large
from Ohio to the St.
Louis democratic na
tional convention in
1888; was selected to
represent Ohio on
the national demo
cratic committee,
and was chairman
of the campaign
committee for the
ensuing national
campaign. On the death of William H.
Barnum he was unanimously elected
chairman of the national committee in
1889, and in January, 1890, was elected
United States senator, to succeed Henry
B. Payne, for the term of 1891-97.
BRICE, JOHN JONES, naval officer,
was born Jan. 23, 1842, in Ohio. He en
tered the navy as a volunteer officer in
1861; and in 1882 was promoted lieuten
ant-commander.
BRICHER, ALFRED THOMPSON,
painter, was born April 10, 1837, in Ports
mouth, N. H. Among his more notable
drawings are Sunset in October (1869) ;
The Maiden's Rock, Lake Pepin; Mt.
Adams; On the Esopus (1874); Off Hali
fax Harbor; A Lift in the Fog (1876);
St. Michael's Mount; and What the Tide
Left.
BRICK, PETER, lawyer, jurist, was
born in December, 1847, in Ontario, Can
ada. He has attained success as an able
lawyer of St. Cloud, Minn.; has been
county attorney; and served with dis
tinction as judge of probate of Stearns
county.
BRICKELL, JOHN, physician, his
torian. He lived at Edenton, N. C., and
practiced his profession there. Later he
returned to England and in 1737 published
in Dublin, The Natural History of North
Carolina, with an Account of the Trade,
Manners and Customs of the Christian
and Indian Inhabitants.
BRICKELL, WILLIAM D., journalist,
was born Nov. 19, 1852, in Steubenville,
Ohio. In 1876 he established The Eve
ning Dispatch of Columbia, Ohio.
BRICKETT, JAMES, soldier, surgeon,
was born in 1837. He was made lieutenant-
colonel May 20, 1775, was wounded at Bun
ker Hill, June 17, and in the following
year was made brigadier in the expedi
tion preparing for Canada. After Bur-
goyne's surrender at Saratoga (Oct. 17,
1777), Gen. Brickett was placed in com
mand of the escort, and marched the pris
oners, about 6,000 in number, from the
battlefield on Hudson river to Cambridge,
Mass. He died Dec. 9, 1818, in Haverhill,
Mass.
BRICKNER, GEORGE H., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Jan. 21, 1834, In
Germany. He moved to Ohio in 1840; was
educated in the common schools; and
became a successful woolen manufacturer
of Sheboygan Falls, Wis. He was elected
to the fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-
third congresses as a democrat.
BRIDEWELL, LEMUEL OWENS, sol
dier, lawyer, journalist, was born Nov. 2,
1829, in Port Gibson, Miss. He gradu
ated from the Union college of Schenec-
tady, N. Y., with the degree of A. M. In
1851 he was admitted to the bar; and the
same year founded the Reveille of Port
Gibson, Miss., of which he was editor until
1854. In 1854-55 he was clerk in the In
terior department; and judge of the pro
bate and orphans' court of his county in
1855-58. In 1861 he became a captain in
the confederate army, and subsequently
was promoted to major. He is the author
of several works, and still practices law
in Beauregard, Miss.
BRIDGE, HORATIO, naval officer, law
yer, journalist, was born April 8, 1806, In
Augusta, Maine. He published The Jour
nal of an African Cruiser, the authorship
of which is usually accredited to his class
mate, Nathaniel Hawthorne. The book
was, in fact, edited by Hawthorne from
Bridge's notes. He was assigned to duty
as chief of the bureau of provisions and
clothing, the duties of which he faithfully
performed for nearly fifteen years, cov
ering the whole period of the civil war,
and involving transactions and disburse
ments to the amount of many millions of
dollars. He was retired with the rank of
commodore. He died March 20, 1893, in
Athens, Pa.
BRIDGE, JAMES HOWARD, author,
was born in 1858, in England. He is the
author of A Fortnight in Heaven, an Un
conventional Romance; and Uncle Sam
at Home.
BRIDGES, ALBERT F., clergyman,
journalist, author, was born Aug. 22, 1853,
in Poland, Ind. During 1874-81 he filled
pastorates in the Indiana conference of
the methodist episcopal church. For nine
years he was editor and owner of The
Register of Brazil, Ind.; and is the au
thor of A History of Brazil and other
works.
BRIDGES, FIDELIA, artist, was born
May 19, 1835, in Salem, Mass. She sent to
the National academy, in oil, Winter Sun
shine and Wild Flowers in Wheat; Black
berry Bushes; Thistles, Yellow Birds,
Cornfield, and Salt Marshes. She began
painting in water-colors in 1871, in which
she has been eminently successful.
BRIDGES, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct. 9,
1821, in Athens, Tenn. He was attorney-
general of the state in 1849 and in 1854,
holding the office for eleven years. He
held the positions of bank attorney and
railroad director; was a presidential
elector in 1860; and was elected a repre
sentative in congress from Tennessee in
1861, to serve In the thirty-seventh con
gress. He died March 16, 1873.
BRIDGES, ROBERT, editor, author,
was born July 13, 1858, in Shippensburgh,
Pa. He graduated from the Princeton col
lege in 1879. In 1881 he was connected
with the New York Evening Post; In
1887 became one of the editors of Scrib-
ner's Magazine; and since 1873 has been
literary critic of New York Life. He Is
the author of Overheard in Arcady, and
Suppressed Chapters; and Other Book-
ishness.
BRIDGES, SAMUEL AUGUSTUS, law
yer, congressman, was born Jan. 27, 1802,
in Colchester, Conn. For seven years he
was deputy attorney-general of the state
for Lehigh county. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1848 to 1849, and from 1853 to 1855; and
was again a representative in the forty-
fifth congress. He died Jan. 14, 1884, in
Allentown, Pa.
BRIDGMAN, FREDERICK ARTHUR,
painter, was born Nov. 10, 1847, In Tuske-
gee, Ala. In 1890 he opened a studio In
Paris for the instruction of women stu
dents. His best known works are Funeral
of a Mummy; The American Circus in
Brittany; Bringing in the Maize; Pas
times of an Assyrian King; and Pro
cession of the Bull Apis.
BRIDGMAN, JOHN LADD, farmer,
public official, was born Nov. 26, 1817, In
Hanover, N. H. He has been sheriff,
county commissioner, vice-president and
director of the National bank, and trustee
of the Saving bank of his native city; and
for twenty-seven years was chairman of
the Board of Selectmen. He is a success
ful farmer, and has been a prominent
factor in the public affairs in his city,
county and state for more than half a
century.
BRIDGMAN, LAURA, blind deaf mute,
was born Dec. 2, 1829, in Hanover, N. H.
She was born with the enjoyment of all
her faculties, but at two years old lost
her sight, hearing, smell, and partially
her taste by a severe fit of sickness. At
eight years she was placed under the
care of Dr. S. G. Howe, in the Perkins
Institute for the Blind In Boston, with
what results every one knows. She can
read from raised letters, write, and skill
fully play the piano, make fine crochet-
work, and select colors all by the sense
of touch; being the first person so af
flicted who was educated. She died May
24, 1889, in Boston, Mass.
14S
HERRINGSHAW'g ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BRIGGS, ANSEL, governor. He was
elected governor of Iowa in 1846, and re
mained in the office until 1850.
BRIGGS, CALEB, physician, geologist,
was born May 24, 1812, in North Roches
ter, Mass. He was educated as a physician,
but devoted himself to the study of geolo
gy and its allied sciences, and was engaged
in the first survey of the coal and iron re
gions of Ohio. He entered upon the work
in June, 1837, explored Scioto, Lawrence,
Gallia, Athens, Jackson, Hocking, and
afterward Wood, Crawford, and Tuscara-
was counties, and, after the survey termi
nated in 1839, was employed in surveying
the western counties of Virginia. He then
settled at Ironton, Ohio, where he en
gaged in mining and gave 125,000 to found
a public library. He died Sept. 28, 1884,
in North Rochester, Mass.
BRIGGS, CHARLES AUGUSTUS, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 15, 1841,
in New York city. He is a presbyterian
clergyman prominent among the leaders
of newer religious thought and a professor
at Union Theological seminary, New York,
since 1875. In 1892 he was tried for her
esy and acquitted. He is the author of
Biblical Study; American Presbyterian-
ism; Messianic Prophecy, notable for its
display of the true historical spirit; The
Authority of Holy Scripture; The Mes
siah of the Apostles; The Messiah of the
Gospels; The Higher Criticism of the
Hexateuch; The Bible, the Church, and
the Reason; Whither? and a Theologi
cal Question for the Times.
BRIGGS, CHARLES E., artist, poet, was
born Sept. 19, 1828, in Fairhaven, Mass.
He is an artist in landscape and fruit
painting, in Brewster, Mass.; and his
poems occasionally appear in the periodi
cal press.
BRIGGS, CHARLES FREDERICK, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1804, in
Nantucket, Mass. He was a journalist
and editor of New
York city, and the
valued friend of
many of the promi
nent literary Ameri
cans of his time. He
was the author of
Adventures of Harry
Franco, a Tale of
the Great Panic; The
Haunted Merchant;
The Trippings of
Tom Pepper; and
Working a Passage,
or Life on a Liner. He died June 20
3877, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BRIGGS, D. LUTHER, business man,
public official, legislator, was born Jan. 12,
1849, in Sackville, N. B. He has been suc
cessfully engaged In
the wholesale meat
business in Middle-
town, Conn., for
many years; has
served as alderman
for two years, and
for four years was
mayor of the city.
He has also been
chairman of the
town committee,
justice of the peace,
and filled various
other public offices of honor in his city,
county and state. He has been president
of the republican state league, and is a
prominent member of various secret
orders. In 1897 he served with distinction
as a member of the Connecticut state leg
islature, and was a member of several
important committees.
BRIGGS, GEORGE, business man, leg
islator, congressman, was born in 1805,
in Fulton county, N. Y. He represented
the city of New York in congress from
1849 to 1853, and in 1858 was elected to the
thirty-sixth congress. He died June 1,
1869, in Saratoga, N. Y.
BRIGGS, GEORGE, lawyer, legislator,
was born April 26, 1844, in Brandon, Vt.
In 1866 he graduated from the Hobart col
lege of Geneva, N. Y. He has served as a
member of the Vermont house of repre
sentatives; and also as a member of the
state senate. He has been vice-president
of the Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance
company; vice-president of the Rutland
Savings bank; director of the National
Life Insurance company; has been prom
inently identified with various other busi
ness enterprises; and is one of the fore
most attorneys of his state.
BRIGGS, GEORGE NIXON, lawyer,
jurist, governor, congressman, was born
April 12, 1796, in Adams, Mass. He was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1831 to 1843; and from
1844 to 1851 was governor of Massachu
setts. He was a member of the state con
stitutional convention of 1853; from 1853
to 1859 held the position of judge of the
court of common pleas; was a trustee of
Williams college for sixteen years; and a
noted advocate of the temperance cause.
He died Sept. 12, 1861, in Pittsfield, Mass.
BRIGGS, HENRY C., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born June 29, 1831, in
West Haven, Vt. He is a noted lawyer of
Kalamazoo, Mich.; was a member of the
Michigan state senate in 1861-62; was
prosecuting attorney of Kalamazoo for
four years; and in 1868 was elected judge
of probate of his county, and held that
position for eight years.
BRIGGS, HENRY SHAW, soldier, law
yer, was born Aug. 1, 1824. He graduated
at Williams in 1844, and became a lawyer.
At the beginning of the civil war he
joined the army as colonel of the tenth
Massachusetts volunteers, and distin
guished himself at the battle of Fair Oaks,
where he was wounded. In 1862 he was
made a brigadier-general.
BRIGGS, JAMES F., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Oct. 23, 1827,
in England. He was a representative in
the state legislature in 1856, 1857, 1858,
and 1874. In 1871 he removed to Man
chester, N. H.; was a state senator in
1876; and was elected a representative
from New Hampshire to the forty-fifth,
forty-sixth, and forty-seventh congresses
as a republican.
BRIGGS, LE BARON R., educator, was
born December, 1855, in Salem, Mass. In
1883 he was appointed instructor in Eng
lish at Harvard; professor in 1890; and in
1891 dean of the college.
BRIGGS, WILLIAM T., clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born Dec. 1, 1815, in Scit-
uate, Mass. He was ordained in 1846
as a congregationalist minister, and has
filled important pastorates in Massachu
setts. During the war he served for a
while as chaplain in the Finley hospital
of Washington, D. C. He has published
several sermons, many articles and ad
dresses, and a few poems.
BRIGHAM, AMARIAH, physician, au
thor, was born Dec. 26, 1798, in New Marl-
borough, Mass. He was a physician of
Hartford, and subsequently superinten
dent of the lunatic asylum of Utica, N. Y.
He was the author of The Anatomy,
Physiology, and Pathology of the Brain.
He died Sept. 8, 1849, in Utlca, N. Y.
BRIGHAM, CHARLES HENRY, cler
gyman, author, was born July 27, 1820, in
Boston, Mass. He became pastor of a
Unitarian church in Ann Arbor, Mich., in
1866, and in the same year was chosen
professor of .biblical archaeology and ec
clesiastical history at Meadville, Pa.,
Theological school, where he lectured
twice a year for ten years. He has pub
lished Letters of Foreign Travel in two
volumes, and Life of Rev. Simeon Dag-
gett. He died Feb. 19, 1879, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
BRIGHAM, ELIJAH, merchant, con
gressman, was born in 1750 in Northbor-
ough, Mass. He was a merchant and held
many positions of trust and responsibil
ity. He was a representative in congress
from Massachusetts from 1811 to 1816,
when he resigned. He died April 22, 1816,
in Washington city.
BRIGHAM, JOSEPH H., soldier, state
senator, was born Dec. 12, 1838, in Lodi,
Ohio. He served in the war as a lieuten
ant-colonel, and subsequently was elected
to the Ohio state senate. For ten years
he was master of the State Grange, and
has been prominent in the improvements
of his state.
BRIGHAM, LEWIS A., lawyer, legisla
tor, congressman, was born Jan. 2, 1831,
in York Mills, N. Y. He was elected su
perintendent of the public schools of the
city of Bergen, N. J., from 1866 to 1870;
was a member of the board of police com
missioners of Jersey City from 1874 to
ISZfi, and was a representative of the state
legislature in 1877. He was elected a rep
resentative from New Jersey to the forty-
sixth congress as a republican. He died
Feb. 20, 1886.
BRIGHAM, PAUL, soldier, jurist, was
born in 1745. He was four years a cap
tain in the revolutionary army, was high
sheriff of Windsor county, Vt., for five
years, major-general of militia, and chief
judge of the county court for five years.
He was lieutenant-governor of the state
from 1796 till 1813, and again from 1815
till 1820. From Aug. 25 till Oct. 16, 1797,
he was acting governor. He died June
16, 1824, in Norwich, Vt.
BRIGHAM, WILLARD I. TYLER,
lawyer, genealogist, was born May 31,
1859, in Montpelier, Vt. For five years he
was on the Shakespearian stage, with such
stars as Booth and Barrett. He is the his
torian of the Brigham and Tyler Families'
associations of the United States; a mem
ber of the New England Historical Genea
logical society; Sons of the Revolution;
Society Colonial Wars and various other
societies. He is the author of a volume of
verse and has followed his profession of
law with success in Grand Rapids, Minne
apolis and Chicago.
BRIGHAM, WILLIAM TUFTS, natural
ist, lawyer, author, was born in 1841 in
Massachusetts. He is a lawyer and nat
uralist now at Honolulu in charge of the
government museum, and is the author of
Volcanic Manifestations in New England;
Guatemala: and the Land of the Quetzal,
a volume of travels.
BRIGHT, JESSE D., jurist, state sena
tor, lieutenant, governor. United States
senator, was born Dec. 18, 1812, in Nor
wich, N. Y. He was circuit judge of In
diana; state senator; marshal of the
United States for the district of Indiana;
and lieutenant-governor of that state.
He was a United States senator from In
diana from 1845 to 1857, and president of
the senate during several sessions. He
was elected for an additional term in 1857,
for six years. He subsequently settled in
Kentucky, and was elected to the senate
of that state. He died May 20, 1875, in
Baltimore, Md.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
149
BRIGHT, JOHN MORGAN, lawyer, leg
islator, congressman, was born Jan. 20,
1817, in Fayetteville, Tenn. He was a
member of the legislature of Tennessee in
1847 and 1848. He was elected to the
forty-second congress; was re-elected to
the forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-fifth
and forty-sixth congresses as a democrat.
BRIGHT, JONATHAN BROWN, author,
was born April 23, 1800, in Waltham,
Mass. He became interested in genealo
gy, and made many researches into his
family history both here and in England,
the results of which were published in a
volume intended for private distribution,
which has been pronounced a model for
works of its kind. It is entitled The
Brights of Suffolk, England, represented
in America by the Descendants of Henry
Bright, Jr., who settled at Watertown,
Mass., about 1630. He left to Harvard
college $50,000, the income to be divided
between the purchase of books and the
support of scholarships, to which Brights
lineally descended from Henry Bright,
Jr., should have priority of claim. He
died Dec. 17, 1879, in Waltham, Mass.
BRIGHT, MARSHAL H., soldier, jour
nalist, lecturer, author, was born Aug.
18, 1834, in Hudson, N. Y. In 1854 he be
came assistant editor of the Albany Ar
gus, and was a reporter in the New
York state senate. He was brevetted
major for his services during the
war, and, after resigning his commission
at its close, engaged in silver mining in
Nevada. In 1873 he became managing
editor of the Christian at Work, of New
York city, and in 1880 its editor-in-chief.
He has contributed to periodicals on the
ological, scientific and philosophical sub
jects, and has delivered public addresses.
BRIGHTLY, FRANCIS FREDERICK,
author, was born Feb. 25, 1845, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He is the author of Digest
of the Laws of Philadelphia, 1701-1887.
BRIGHTLY, FREDERICK CHARLES,
jurist, author, was born Aug. 26, 1812, in
England. He is an eminent Philadelphia
jurist, and the author of Treatise on
Law of Costs; Nisi Prius Reports; Equit
able Jurisdiction of the Laws of Pennsyl
vania; Digest of the Laws of the United
States, 1789-1869; Digest of the Decisions
of the Federal Courts; Bankrupt Law of
the United States; and Leading Cases in
the Law of Elections, include the larger
number of his legal writings. He died in
1888.
BRIGNOLI, PASQUALE, vocalist, was
born in 1824, in Naples. He has attained
a national reputation as a vocalist, and is
the author of Martha; and Good-Bye,
Sweetheart, Good-bye. He died Oct. 30,
1884, in New York city.
BRILL, HASCAL R., lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 10, 1846, in Canada. He re
ceived his education at Hamlin univer
sity, and at the university of Michigan.
In 1872 he was elected judge of the pro
bate court of Ramsey county, Minn., to
which state he had moved in 1859. In
1875 he was appointed judge of the court
of common pleas, and received the re-elec
tion for seven years. He was elected
judge of the second judicial district in
1882, in 1888, and again in 1894, with
headquarters in St. Paul. He is a bril
liant lecturer, and has contributed exten
sively to current literature.
BRIMMER, MARTIN, author, was born
in 1829 in Massachusetts. He was a prom
inent citizen of Boston, and the author of
Egypt: Three Essays on the History, Re
ligion and Art of Ancient Egypt. He died
in 1896, in Boston, Mass.
BRIMSON, WILLIAM GEORGE, rail
road president. Since 1891 he has been
president of the Eastern Chicago and Ke-
nosha; the Joliet and Blue Island; and
the Milwaukee and Bay View and Chi
cago railways.
BRINKER, WILLIAM HUGH, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 23, 1851, in Craw
ford county, Mo. He was elected prose
cuting attorney of Johnson county, Mo.,
and was twice re-elected, serving three
successive terms. In 1885 he was appoint
ed by President Cleveland an associate
justice of the supreme court of the Terri
tory of New Mexico.
BRINKERHOFF, HENRY R., soldier,
legislator, congressman, was born in 1788
in Adams county, Pa. In the last war with
England he served in command of a vol
unteer company, and distinguished him
self at the battle of Queenstown. He was
twice elected to the New York legislature,
and for many years held the office of
major-general of the New York militia.
In 1837 he removed to Ohio, and was elect
ed to congress as representative from that
state in 1843. He died April 30, 1844, in
Huron county, Ohio.
BRINKERHOFF, JACOB, congressman,
jurist, was born in 1810 in New York. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1843 to 1847. He died July 19,
1S80, in Mansfield, Ohio.
BRINKERHOFF, ROELIFF, soldier,
was born June 28, 1828, in Owasco, N. Y.
He served in the civil war; and attained
the rank of brigadier-general. In 1891 he
was vice-president of the Mansfield Sav
ings bank of Ohio; and is also vice-presi
dent of the National Prison congress.
BRINKERHOFF, WILLIAM, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, was born July 19,
1843, in Jersey City, N. J. He served
in the civil war as private. In 1865 he
was elected mayor of New Jersey, and in
1867 was elected counsel for Hudson
county. In 1883 he was elected to the
New Jersey senate; and in 1884 was ap
pointed corporation counsel of New Jer
sey.
BRINLEY, CHARLES, surveyor, busi
ness man, was born Aug. 23, 1847, in
Hartford, Conn. In 1864-65 he was at
tached to the field party of the California
state geological survey, and was with
the engineers employed by the United
States government to survey a wagon-
road to Colorado river. Since 1872 he has
been superintendent of large steel works
near Philadelphia, and of a sugar refinery
in that city.
BRINLEY, FRANCIS, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, author, was born Nov. 10, 1800,
in Boston, Mass. He was a member of
the Boston common council for several
years, and its president in 1850 and 1851.
He was a member of the lower house of
the legislature in 1832, 1850 and 1854, and
in 1852, 1853 and 1863 of the state sen
ate. In 1853 he was a delegate to the
state constitutional convention. He has
published an Address before the Franklin
Debating Society of Boston, and a life of
his brother-in-law, William T. Porter,
founder of the Spirit of the Times.
BRINTON, DANIEL GARRISON, edu
cator, journalist, author, was born May
13, 1837, in Chester county, Pa. He is an
archseological writer and publisher, as
well as physician, of Philadelphia, whose
researches in aboriginal history and liter
ature have been very extensive. A profes
sor of archaeology in the university of
Pennsylvania since 1880. He is the author
of The Myths of the New World; The Re
ligious Sentiment; American Hero-Myths;
Aboriginal American Authors; The Flori-
dian Peninsula; Races and Peoples; Es
says of an Americanist; The Lenape and
their Legends. He has edited the Maya
Chronicles; The Comedy-Ballet of Giie-
guence; and Aboriginal American Anthol
ogy.
BRISBANE, ABBOTT HALL, soldier,
military engineer, author, was born in
South Carolina. He served in the Flori
da war against the Seminole Indians in
1835-36 as colonel of South Carolina vol
unteers. He was the author of a political
romance, Ralphton, or the Young Caro
linian of 1776. He died Sept. 28, 1861, in
Summerville, S. C.
BRISBANE, MRS. MARGARET HUNT,
poet, was born Feb. 11, 1858, in Vicksburg,
Miss. She is a popular poet of the south
at Vicksburg, Miss.
BRISBANE, WILLIAM HENRY, finan
cier, was born Nov. 23, 1851, in Allen-
town, Pa. He received his education in
the public and Quaker schools of Phila
delphia, Pa., and has been principally en
gaged in mining, real estate and cattle in
Leadville, Colo. He has been the state
treasurer of Colorado, and has filled nu
merous positions of honor in the republic
an party of that state.
BRISBIN, JAMES A., soldier, was born
May 23, 1837, in Boalsburg, Pa. He served
in the civil war, and for his gallantry
was made brigadier-general.
BRISBIN, JAMES SANKS, soldier, au
thor, was born in 1837, in Boalsburg, Pa.
He was a United States cavalry officer;
and the author of Campaign Lives of
Grant and Colfax; The Beef Bonanza;
and Trees and Tree Planting. He died in
1892.
BRISTED, CHARLES ASTOR, journal
ist, author, was born Oct. 6, 1820, in New
York city. He was a magazinist of New
York city; and the
author of Five Years
in an English Uni
versity; The Upper
Ten Thousand; The
Interference Theory
of Government;
Pieces of a Broken-
down Critic; and
Anacreontics. He
was a son of John
Bristed, the noted
clergyman and au
thor. He died Jan.
15, 1874, in Washington, D. C.
BRISTED, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1778 in England. He was an
episcopal clergyman of Rhode Island. His
principal works are Critical and Philo
sophical Essays; Resources of the United
States, 1818; Anglo-American Churches;
Edward and Anna: a Novel; and A Pedes
trian Tour through the Highlands of Scot
land. He died Feb. 23, 1855, in Bristol,
R. I.
BRISTER, EDWIN M. P., lawyer, jur
ist, poet, was born June 26, 1850, in Cadiz,
Ohio. He first worked as a printer; sub
sequently attending
the Denison univer
sity, from which he
graduated in 1887,
and was admitted to
the bar three years
later. He has prac
ticed his profession
with success in New
ark, Ohio, where he
has also filled the
office of probate
judge. His poems
have appeared in the
leading newspapers and magazines, and
in several standard collections.
150
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BRISTOL, MRS. AUGUSTA COOPER,
educator, lecturer, poet, was born April
17, 1835, in Croydon, N. H. She attended
the Canaan Union
academy and ths
Kimball Union acad
emy, and then began
educational work. In
1869 she published a
volume of poems and
has since contributed
extensively, both
prose and verse, to
current literature.
For several years she
was president of
the Ladies' Social
Science class in Vineland, N. J.; in 1880
she gave a course of lectures before the
New York Positivist society on The Evo
lution of Character, and has since become
well known throughout America as a lec
turer of great ability. Her works are:
Poems; The Relation of the Maternal
Function to the Woman's Intellect; The
Philosophy of Art; Science and its Rela
tions to Character; The Present Phase
of Woman's Advancement; and The Web
of Life, a collection of verse.
BRISTOL, JOHN BUNYAN, landscape
painter, was born March 14, 1826, in
Hillsdale, N. Y. At the beginning of his
career he painted figures and portraits,
but afterward turned his attention ex
clusively to landscapes. His studies were
from nature. Among his works are Au
tumn Afternoon, Bolton, Lake George;
Sunrise, Mount Mansfield; Adirondacks,
from Lake Champlain; and On the St.
John's River, Florida.
BRISTOL, WARREN, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, state senator, was born March
19, 1823, in Stafford, N. Y. He held suc
cessively the offices of district attorney
and judge of probate, in Red Wing coun
ty, Minn.; and was president of the first
republican state convention of Minnesota,
in 1855, which was held at St. Paul, and
at which the republican party was first
organized in that state. He was a dele
gate to the republican national convention
of 1864; was a representative in the state
legislature in 1865; and was a state senator
from 1866 to 1870. In 1872 he was ap
pointed, by President Grant, associate
justice of the supreme court of New Mex
ico, and was re-appointed by President
Grant in 1876 and by President Hayes in
1880.
BRISTOL, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1779 in Hamden, Conn. He
was judge of the United States district
court for the state of. Connecticut; and
was a member of the superior court of
that state from 1819 to 1826. He died
March 7, 1836, in New Haven.
BRISTOL, WILLIAM HOAG, lawyer,
poet, was born March 18, 1828, in Ransom-
ville, N. Y. He has edited and published
various papers in Kankakee, Janesville,
and Galena, 111. In 1863-64 he wrote and
published a valuable and interesting his
tory of Kankakee county, and later com
piled other historical works.
BRISTOW, BENJAMIN H., soldier, law
yer, public official, was born June 20, 1832,
in Elkton, Ky. In 1861 he entered the
army as lieutenant-colonel of the twenty-
fifth Kentucky infantry; and subsequent
ly commanded the eighth Kentucky cav
alry. While serving in the field he was
elected to the state senate for four years;
1866 he was appointed United States dis
trict attorney for the district of Kentucky,
and in 1870 was appointed solicltor-K€;ii-
oral of the United States. He was ap
pointed secretary of the treasury in 1874.
BRISTOW, FRANCIS M., lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born Aug. 11,
1804, in Nicholasville, Ky. In 1831 and
1833 he was elected to the Kentucky legis
lature; in 1846 to the state senate; and
in 1849 was a member of the state con
stitutional convention. In 1854 he was
elected a representative In congress to fill
a vacancy; and in 1859 was elected a rep
resentative from Kentucky to the thirty-
sixth congress. He died June 10. 1864, in
Elkton, Ky.
BRISTOW, FRANK L., musician, com
poser, was born April 25, 1844, in Jackson
ville, 111. He has been secretary of the
State Teachers' association and president
of the same; has taught instrumental and
vocal music in most of the southern
states, and has resided in Covington for
twenty years. He is the author of sev
eral collections of singing books for
classes, and two cantatas for ladies'
voices, Rainbow and Pleiades, as well as
other compositions for chorus.
BRISTOW, GEORGE F., musician, com
poser, was born Dec. 19, 1825, in New
York. He is an organist and violinist,
and the composer of the opera Rip Van
Winkle.
BRISTOW, JAMES TAZEWELL, sol
dier, business man, was born June 1, 1837,
in Bennettsville, S. C. During the war
he served as a soldier, and rose to the
grade of colonel. After the war he went
into business in Timmonsville, S. C. ; and
in 1876 he was appointed auditor of Darl
ington county, which position he filled for
several terms. In 1885 he was elected
secretary of the Darlington Manufactur
ing company, one of the largest cotton
mills in the south, which position he held
until his death, on April 21, 1892.
BRISTOW, LOUIS JOHNSON, journal
ist, was born Jan. 19, 1876, in Florence,
S. C. For several years he edited the
Georgia Reporter, and is now the editor
and owner of the County Record of Kings-
tree, S. C.
BRITTAN, NATHAN, educator, lawyer,
inventor, was born Sept. 2, 1808, in bpen-
cer, Mass. In 1851 his attention was di
rected to the inadequacy of the lightning-
rods in use in that part of the country,
and he immediately devoted himself to
the study of the laws of atmospheric elec
tricity, and invented a new conductor,
known as the continuous copper-strip,
which was patented and received with
general favor. He died Jan. 3, 1872, in
Adrian, Mich.
BRITTON, ALEXANDER T., soldier,
capitalist, lawyer, was born Dec. 29, 1835.
in New York city. In 1861 he enlisted in
the old national rifles of Washington,
D. C. In 1865 he organized the law firm
of Britton and Gray, and in 1877 was ap
pointed by President Hayes one of the
commission to codify the public land
laws. He is director in several large
charitable institutions, street railroads
and banks.
BRITTS, MRS. MATTIE DYER, author,
poet, was born in 1842 in New York city.
She is the author of sixteen books for
young people, two novels, and a number
of poems and hymns. The most notable
of her prose works are Edward Lee, and
Nobody's Boy.
BROADDUS, ANDREW, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 4, 1770, in Caro
lina county, Va. He was a baptist cler
gyman once noted as a pulpit orator. He
was the author of History of the Bible;
Form of Church Discipline: and Letters
and Sermons. He died Dec. 1, 1848, in Vir
ginia.
BROADHEAD, GARLAND CARR, ge
ologist, author, was born Oct. 30, 1827, in
Charlottesville, Va. In 1875 he was em
ployed by the Smithsonian institution to
make collections in Missouri for the cen
tennial exhibition, and in 1884 collected
objects for the New Orleans exhibition.
The results of his geological investiga
tions in Missouri are published m Mis
souri Geological Reports, and Missouri
Geological Survey.
BROADHEAD, JAMES O., lawyer, leg
islator, state senator, congressman, was
born May 29, 1819, in Charlottesville,
Va. He was a member of the state
house of representatives of Missouri
in 1847; a state senator from 1850
to 1854; a delegate to the state con
stitutional convention of 1861; and
United States district attorney for the
eastern district of Missouri in that year.
He was provost-marshal-general of the
department of the Missouri in 1863; mem
ber of the state constitutional conven
tion in 1875; and was elected a represen
tative from Missouri to the forty-eighth
congress as a democrat.
BROADHEAD, JOHN C., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1831 to 1833, and again
from 1837 to 1839.
BROADUS, JOHN ALBERT, clergyman,
author, was born Jan. 24, 1827, in Virginia.
He was a baptist clergyman, and presi
dent of the Southern Baptist Theological
seminary. He was the author of Prepa
ration and Delivery of Sermons; Lectures
on Preaching; Sermons and Addresses;
and Jesus of Nazareth. He died in 1895.
BROADWATER, CHARLES ARTHUR,
banker, railroad president, was born Sept.
25, 1840, in St. Charles, Mo. In 1882 he
founded the Montana National bank, of
which he was president. The Montana
Central railroad, of which he was the
president, was built by him, and he was
president of banks in Great Falls, Living
ston and Neihart, and otherwise active in
affairs. He died May 24, 1892.
BROADWAY, AUGUSTINE W., educa
tor, clergyman, was born Nov. 16, 1854.
in England. He is a graduate of Syracuse
university, and has received the degrees
of A. B., A. M. and Ph. D. He taught
school for three years, and in 1886 be
came pastor of the Methodist Episcopal
church of Palmyra, N. Y. For six years
he filled a pastorate in Syracuse, N. Y.,
and now fills a pastorate in Geneva.
BROCHUS, PERRY E., jurist, was born
in Virginia. He was an early emigrant
to Utah, and in 1850 was appointed a
United States judge for that territory.
BROCK, EUGENE, legislator, was born
May 6, 1853, in Newbury, Vt. He went
to California in 1874, and the following
year to Washington. He has been active
in the development of that state, and for
four years was a member of the Washing
ton legislature.
BROCK, SIDNEY G., lawyer, was born
April 10, 1837, in Cleveland, Ohio. He
was mayor of Macon three times, prose
cuting attorney of his county; chief of
bureau of statistics, Washington, D. C.;
and well known as a writer for various
journals.
BROCKENBOROUGH, WILLIAM, jur
ist, legislator, was born July 10, 1778. He
represented Essex county in the legisla
ture, and was subsequently a councilor.
He became judge of the general court in
1809, and retained that office until 1834,
when he was appointed one of the judges
of the court of appeals, an office that he
retained until his death. He died Dec. 10,
1838, in Richmond, Va.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
151
BROCKENBROUGH, JOHN, bishop co
adjutor of Virginia, was born Feb. 7,
1839, in Westmoreland county, Va. Dur
ing the civil war he was first an assistant
and then a full surgeon in the Confeder
ate states army, and served throughout
the war. When peace was restored, he
practiced medicine for a time in West
moreland county. He was elected bishop-
coadjutor in 1894, and consecrated the
same year.
BROCKENBROUGH, LAWRENCE
RUSH, railroad manager, was born Nov.
18, 1853, in Louisville, Ky. He has been
connected with the management of sev
eral railroads; and since 1895 has been
general passenger agent of the Ohio
Southern railroad at Springfield, Ohio.
BROCKENBROUGH, WILLIAM H.,
lawyer, jurist, state senator, congress
man, was born in 1813. He went to Flori
da, and under the territorial government
he was a senator from the western dis
trict and at one time president of the
senate. He was United States district at
torney, and also judge; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Florida from
1845 to 1847. He was also a presidential
elector on several occasions. He died
June, 1850, in Tallahassee, Fla.
BROCKETT, HATTIE FOSTER
NOURSE, philanthropist, was born Feb.
22, 1866, in Charleston, W. Va. She is
prominently connected with various so
cieties; and is the vice-president of the
National Society of the Daughters of the
American Revolution.
BROCKETT, LINUS PIERPONT, phy
sician, author, was born Oct. 16, 1820, in
Canton, Conn. He was a prolific writer
of Hartford, among whose many produc
tions are History of Education; Our Great
Captains; The Year of Battles: a History
of the Franco-German War of 1870; Epi
demics and Contagious Diseases; The
Silk Industry in America; Our Western
Empire, an account of the resources of the
United States west of the Mississippi;
and The Great Metropolis. He died in 1893.
BROCKLESBY, JOHN, educator, au
thor, was born Oct. 8, 1811, in England.
He was professor of mathematics and nat
ural philosophy in Trinity college, Hart
ford, from 1842 to 1873, and professor of
natural philosophy and astronomy from
1873 till 1882. He was acting president of
the college in 1860, 1864, 1866, 1867 and
1874. His works include Elements of
Meteorology; Views of the Microscopic
World; Elements of Astronomy; and Ele
ments of Physical Geography.
BROCKWAY, JOHN HALL, educator,
lawyer, legislator, congressman, was born
in 1801 in Ellington, Conn. He frequently
served in the state legislature; and was a
representative in congress from Connecti
cut from 1839 to 1843. He died July 29,
1870, in Ellington.
BRODERICK, CASE, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Sept. 23,
1839, in Grant county, Ind. He enlisted at
Fort Scott, Kas., as
a private soldier in
the second Kansas
battery, in 1862, and
was mustered out at
Leavenworth in Au
gust, 1865. He was
elected probate judge
of Jackson county in
1868, and was twice
re-elected; studied
law and was admit
ted to the bar at
Holton in 1870; and
was elected county attorney of Jackson
county in 1876 and re-elected in 1878. He
was elected state senator in 1880 to repre
sent Jackson and Pottawatomie counties
and in 1884 was appointed by President
Arthur associate justice of the supreme
court of Idaho for the term of four years.
He removed at once to Boise City, Idaho,
assumed the duties of the position, and
served until the fall of 1888, when he re
turned to Holton and resumed the prac
tice of law. He is largely interested in
farming and stock raising and was elect
ed to the fifty-second, fifty-third, and fif
ty-fourth congresses and re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
BRODERICK, DAVID COLBRETH,
United States senator, was born Dec. 4,
1820, in Washington, D. C. He removed
to California in 1849, and engaged in the
business of smelting and assaying gold.
He was a member of the convention which
drafted the constitution of that state:
served two years in the California sen
ate, and was president of that body in
1851. He was elected a senator in con
gress from California in 1856, for the long
term, taking his seat during the second
session of the thirty-fourth congress. He
died Sept. 16, 1859, near Lake Merced, Gal.
BRODHEAD, DANIEL, soldier, was
born in 1736 in Virginia. He raised in
1775 a company of riflemen who served
in the battle of Long Island. He was ap
pointed colonel of the eighth Pennsyl
vania regiment, and in April, 1778, led a
successful expedition against the Mus-
kingum Indians. He made two important
treaties with the Indians, one of them
July 22, 1779, with the Cherokees, and re
ceived the thanks of congress for his suc
cess. He was for many years surveyor-
general of Pennsylvania. He died Nov. 15,*
1809, in Milford, Pa.
BRODHEAD, MRS. EVA WILDER, au
thor. She is a popular novelist; and the
author of One of the Visconti; Diana's
Livery; An Earthly Paragon; Ministers
of Grace; and Bound in Shallows.
BRODHEAD, JOHN, clergyman, con
gressman, was born in 1770. He was a
minister of the methodist episcopal
church for forty-four years; and was a
representative in congress from New
Hampshire from 1829 to 1833. He died
April 7, 1838, in New Market, N. H.
BROUHEAD, JOHN ROMEYN, author,
was born Jan. 2, 1814, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was a painstaking, accurate writer,
whose work, if somewhat lacking in pic-
turesqueness, is of lasting value. He was
the author of History of the State of New
York; and The Government of Sir Ed
mund Andros over New England. His
work consists of eighty volumes of infor
mation of the colonial history of New
York. He died May 6, 1873, in New York
city.
BRODHEAD, RICHARD, congressman,
United States senator, was born in 1811
in Pike county, Pa. He was a represen
tative in congress from 1843 to 1849; and
a senator of the United States senate from
Pennsylvania from 1851 to 1857. He died
Sept. 16, 1863, in Easton, Pa.
BRODHEAD, THORNTON F., soldier,
lawyer, public official, was born in 1822
in New Hampshire. He served through
the Mexican war as an officer in the fif
teenth infantry, and was twice brevetted
for bravery. Resuming the practice of his
profession after the war, he was elected
to the state senate, and in 1852 appointed
postmaster of Detroit. At the beginning
of the civil war he raised the first Michi
gan cavalry regiment, at the head of
which he served under Gens. Banks, Fre
mont and Pope. He died Aug. 31, 1862,
in Alexandria, Va., of wounds received at
the second battle of Bull Run.
BROGDEN, CURTIS H., legislator, con
gressman, governor. He early took an in
terest in military affairs and became a
general of militia. He was elected to the
state legislature in 1838, and in one or the
other of the two houses served therein
for nearly twenty years. He was for ten
years, from 1857, comptroller of the state.
He was a presidential elector from 1868;
and in 1869 was appointed a collector of
internal revenue. After the additional
service of four years in the state senate in
1872, he was elected lieutenant-governor;
and on the death of Governor Caldwell, in
1874, became the governor of the state.
He was also a justice of Wayne county;
and was elected a representative from
North Carolina to the forty-fifth congress.
BROKAW, ISAAC VAIL, merchant, was
born Nov. 27, 1835, in New Brunswick,
N. J. He formed a partnership and be
gan a clothing busi
ness under the firm
name of Dunham and
Brokaw. This busi
ness was most suc
cessfully carried on
from 1856 to 1861,
when Mr. Dunham
retired, and Mr. Bro
kaw continued the
business under his
own name. In 1866
he admitted to part
nership his brother,
William Vail Brokaw, thereafter adopting
the name of Brokaw Brothers, of New
York city.
BROMBERG, FREDERICK GEORGE,
educator, congressman, was born June 19,
1837, in New York city. He was appoint
ed treasurer of the city of Mobile in 1867,
and served until 1869. He was a member
of the state senate of Alabama from 1868
to 1872; and was appointed postmaster of
Mobile in 1869, and removed in 1871. He
was elected to the forty-third and forty.-
fcurth congresses.
BROMFIELD, JOHN, merchant, philan
thropist, was born April 11, 1779, in
Newburyport, Mass. In 1845 he gave to
the Boston Athenaeum $25,000, and at his
death he left munificent bequests to sev
eral charitable institutions. He died Dec.
8, 1849, in Boston, Mass.
BROMLEY, ISAAC HILL, journalist,
legislator, author, was born March 6, 1833,
in Norwich, Conn. In 1858 he began the
publication of the Norwich Morning Bul
letin. He served as captain in 1862, and
afterward was provost-marshal. In 1866
he was a member of the legislature; In
1868-72 he was editor and part proprietor
of the Hartford Evening Post; in 1872
a writer on the editorial staff of the New
York Sun; and editorial writer on the New
York Tribune from 1873 till 1883. He died
Aug. 11, 1898.
BROMWELL, HENRY P. H., journalist,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Aug. 29, 1823, in Baltimore, Md. From
1852 to 1854 he was the publisher and edi
tor of the Age of Steam and Fire, at
Vandalia. In 1853 he was elected judge
of Fayette county for four years; and was
a presidential elector in 1860. In 1864 he
was elected a representative from Illinois
to the thirty-ninth congress; and was re-
elected to the fortieth congress as a re
publican.
BROMWELL, JACOB H., educator, law
yer, congressman, was born May 11, 1847,
in Cincinnati, Ohio. He taught in the Cin
cinnati high schools for seventeen years.
He was assistant county solicitor of Ham
ilton county for four years; was elected to
the fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses.
152
HESRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BRONDEL, JOHN B., Roman catholic
bishop, was born in 1842, in Belgium. He
was consecrated bishop of Vancouver is
land in 1879, appointed administrator of
the vicariate apostolic of Montana in 1883,
and in 1884 consecrated bishop of Helena
in the same territory.
BRONSON, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, congressman. He was a member
of the legislature as representative in 1832
and 1834, and as senator in 1846. He was
a representative in congress from Nor-
ridgewock, Maine, from 1841 to 1843. From
1854 to 1857 he was judge of probate for
Sagadahock county. He died in Novem
ber, 1863, in Talbot county, Md.
BRONSON, GREENE CARRIER, law
yer, jurist, was born in 1789, in Oneida,
N. Y. In 1819 he was chosen surrogate
of Oneida county; in 1822 was a member of
the assembly, and in 1829 elected attorney-
general, which office he held up to 1836,
at which time he became one of the puisne
judges of the supreme court of judicature.
He was next appointed chief justice of the
supreme court in 1845, and two years sub
sequently one of the judges of the court
of appeals, then just organized. He died
Sept. 3, 1863, in Saratoga, N. Y.
BRONSON, ISAAC H., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Oct. 16, 1802, in
Rutland, N. Y. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1837 to
1839. In 1839 he was appointed one of
the territorial judges of Florida, and from
that time until his death served continu
ally on the bench, at the time of his
death being district judge of the United
States for northern Florida. He died Aug
13, 1855, in Palatka, Fla.
BRONSON, SHERLOCK A., college
president, was born April 21, 1807, in
Waterbury, Conn. He was appointed pres
ident of Kenyon college in 1845, and held
that office until 1850. In 1870 he began to
supply the pulpit of Grace church of
Mansfield, of which he became rector in
1872; continuing in active pastoral work
until 1889. He died May 17, 1890 in Mans
field, Ohio.
BRONSON, SILAS, philanthropist was
born in Middleborough, Conn. He ac
quired a fortune, and among other be
quests, left $200,000 to found a public li
brary in Waterbury, Conn. He died Nov
25, 1867, in New York.
BROOKE, A. L., farmer, horticulturist,
state legislator, was born Nov. 29, 1847,
near Lancaster, Ohio. For fifteen years he
taught school in his native state; and in
1886 became a farmer and nurseryman in
North Topeka, Kan. He has served as
president of the American Association of
Nurserymen; and in 1897 was elected a
member of the Kansas state legislature.
BROOKE, FRANCIS J., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Aug. 27, 1763, in Smith-
field, Va. In 1780 he joined Harrison's
regiment of artillery as lieutenant, and
afterward joined Greene's army, and
served until the end of the war. He was
elected to the state house of delegates in
1794, removed to Fredericksburg in 1796,
and in 1800 was chosen to the state senate
becoming its speaker. In 1804 he was
elected a judge of the general court, and
in 1811 a judge of the court of appeals, of
which he was president for eight years.
In 1831 he was re-elected judge of the
same court, and retained the office until
his death. He died March 3, 1851.
BROOKE, FRANCIS KEY, bishop of
Oklahoma, I. T., was born Nov. 2, 1852, in
Gambler, Ohio. He served successively at
College Hill, Portsmouth, Piqua, and San-
dusky, Ohio. He was rector of St. Peter's
church of St. Louis from 1886 to 1888;
and at Atchison, Kan., from 1888 to 1892.
BROOKE, FRANCIS MARK, soldier,
merchant, lawyer, was born July 4, 1836,
in Radnor, Pa. He served in the civil
war as a private; in 1863 was elected dis
trict attorney of Delaware county, Pa.;
and in 1864 he formed the co-partnership
of F. M. and H. Brooke, grain merchants
of Valley Forge, Pa.
BROOKE, GEORGE MERCER, soldier,
was born in Virginia. His first brevet,
that of lieutenant-colonel, 1814, was for
gallant conduct in the defense of Fort
Erie; his second, that of colonel, 1814,
was for distinguished services in the sor
tie from Fort Erie. He was made a bre
vet brigadier-general in 1824, and was
brevetted major-general in 1848. He died
March 9, 1851, in San Antonio, Texas.
BROOKE, JOHN R., soldier, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was promoted briga
dier-general of volunteers in 1864, and al
so brevetted major-general of volunteers.
In the regular army he received brevets
as colonel and brigadier-general for gal
lantry in several battles. During the war
with Spain he was commissioned major-
general.
BROOKE, ROBERT, statesman. He
was governor of Virginia from 1794 to
1796.
BROOKE, WALKER, United States
senator, was born Dec. 13, 1813, in Vir
ginia. He was a senator in congress from
Mississippi from 1852 to 1853, in place of
H. S. Foote, resigned. He took part in the
rebellion. He died Feb. 19, 1869, in Vicks-
burg, Miss.
BROOKES, JAMES HALL, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 27, 1830, in Pulaski,
Tenn. He has filled pastorates in the
Presbyterian churches of Dayton, Ohio;
and St. Louis, Mo. He is the author of
How to be Saved; May Christians Dance;
Is the Bible True; The Way Made Plain;
and many other works.
BROOKES, WALTER W., railroad pres
ident, was born March 28, 1858, in Barn-
well county, S. C. Since 1891 he has been
president of the Rome railroad at Rome,
Ga.
BROOKFIELD, WILLIAM, manufac
turer, was born May 24, 1844, in Green
back, N. J. In 1864 he, with his father,
established the Bushwick Glass works,
which is one of the largest in America.
BROOKINGS, ROBERT SOMERS, mer
chant, was born Jan. 22, 1850, in Cecil, Md.
He originated and developed the system of
stores and warehouses known as Cupples
Station, which stands unique as the only
thing of the kind in the world. He is
vice-president of both the Union Trust Co.
and the St. Louis Savings Bank and Safe
Deposit Co.; and president of Washington
university.
BROOKINGS, W. W., jurist, was an
early emigrant to Utah. He was appointed
an associate judge of the United States
court for that territory.
BROOKS, ARTHUR, clergyman, author,
was born in 1845, in Massachusetts. He
was an episcopal clergyman of New York
city; and the author of — . A volume of
his sermons was reprinted in London with
the title, Christ for To-Day. He died in
1895.
BROOKS, BYRON ALDEN, inventor,
author, was born Dec. 12, 1845, in Theresa,
N. Y. He has invented four different
kinds of typewriters and has also made
many important inventions in printing
mechanics. He is the author of King
Saul; Those Children and Their Teachers;
Phil Vernon and his Schoolmaster; and
Earth Revisited.
BROOKS, CHARLES, educator, author,
was born Oct. 30, 1795, in Medford, Mass.
He was a prominent Massachusetts edu
cator; and the author of History of Med
ford; The Christian in his Closet; Daily
Monitor; Family Prayer-Book; Elements
of Ornithology; Introduction to Ornith
ology; and ten volumes of biographv
He died July 7, 1872.
BROOKS, CAROLINE SHAWK, sculp
tor, was born April 28, 1840, in Cincin
nati, Ohio. In 1877 she secured a patent
for improvements in the methods of pro
ducing lubricated moulds in plaster. In
1878 she executed in butter at Washington
a life-size statue of the Dreaming lo-
lanthe, which was successfully transported
to Paris and exhibited at the world's fair
of 1878. She subsequently opened a studio
in New York, and executed portrait mar
bles of Emanuel Swedenborg, James A.
Garfield, Thurlow Weed, George Eliot and
Thomas Carlyle.
BROOKS, CHARLES TIMOTHY, cler
gyman, author, was born June 20, 1813,
in Salem, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Newport, R. I., in 1837-73.
His other work includes Songs of Field
and Flood; The Simplicity of Christ;
William Ellery Channing: a Centennial
Memory; and Poems Original and Trans
lated. He died June 14, 1883, in Newport,
R. I.
BROOKS, CHAUNCEY, merchant, was
born Jan. 12, 1794, in Burlington, Conn.
In 1856 he was made president of the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad. Salt works
in the Kanawha region and other forms of
enterprise were promoted by him. He
died May 18, 1880.
BROOKS, DAVID, soldier, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1756. He entered
the army in 1776 as a lieutenant in the
Pennsylvania line; was captured at Fort
Washington, and remained a prisoner for
two years. He was a representative in
congress from New York in 1797. He was
subsequently first judge of Dutchess coun
ty for sixteen years. He died Aug. 30,
1838, in Dutchess county, N. Y.
BROOKS, EDWARD, educator, author,
was born Jan. 16, 1831, in Stony Point,
N. Y. He was the principal of the Mil-
lersville Normal school in Pennsylvania
from 1866 to 1886, and since then superin
tendent of the Philadelphia public schools.
His writings are mainly, though not en
tirely, mathematical, and among them are
The Normal Written Arithmetic; Philoso
phy of Arithmetic; Mental Science and1
Methods of Culture; The Story of the
Iliad; and The Story of the Odyssey.
BROOKS, ELBRIDGE GERRY, clergy
man, author, was born in 1816, in New
Hampshire. He was a universalist clergy
man of Philadelphia; and the author of
Universalism a Practical Power; Our New
Departure; and Universalism in Life and
Doctrine. He died in 1878.
BROOKS, ELBRIDGE STREETER, au
thor, was born April 14, 1846, in Lowell,
Mass. He has been editor of the Brooklyn
Daily Times, St. Nicholas Magazine, and:
Wide Awake. He is the author of Life
Work of Elbridge Gerry Brooks; In No
Man's Land; Historic Boys; In Leisler'a
Times; Chivalric Days; Storied Holidays;
Historic Girls; Story of the American
Indian; The Story of New York; Story
of the American Sailor; Story of the
United States; The True Story of Colum
bus; Heroic Happenings; A Son of Issa-
char; The True Story of George Wash
ington; The Century Book for Young
Americans; A Boy of the First Empire;
Great Men's Sons; The Story of Miriam
of Magdala; The True Story of Abraham
Lincoln; The Story of the American Sol
dier; The Century Book of Famous
Americans; Under the Tamaracks; and
The Long Walls.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
153
BROOKS, ERASTUS, journalist, states
man, was born Jan. 31, 1815, in Portland,
Maine. In 1835 he began in Washington,
D. C., his career as correspondent, con
tributing news of the capital to the New
York Express and other papers. In 1840
he joined with his brother in the editorial
management of the Express, subsequently
assuming the entire control. He was a
member of the state senate.
BROOKS, GEORGE M., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born July 26,
1824, in Concord, Mass. He was a member
of the Massachusetts legislature in 1858;
of the state senate in 1859; of the com
mittee chosen in 1859 to revise the stat
utes o£ Massachusetts; and was elected to
the forty-first congress in 1869, to fill a
vacancy.
BROOKS, GEORGE W., jurist, was born
in North Carolina. He resided at Eliza
beth City whence he was, in 1866, ap
pointed United States judge for the east
ern district of North Carolina.
BROOKS, HARRY SAYER, journalist,
was born Aug. 2, 1852, in Waverly, N. Y.
He was one of the three young men to
found the Elmira Telegram. From the
inception of the paper Mr. Brooks was its
business and editorial manager, soon be
coming the sole owner.
BROOKS, HORACE, soldier, was born
Aug. 14, 1814, in Boston, Mass. He served
in the Seminole war of 1835-36, receiving
the brevet of first lieutenant for gallantry
and good conduct. For his services during
the war he received two brevets — that of
major and that of lieutenant-colonel. He
was brevetted brigadier-general at the
close of the war. From 1872 till 1877 he
commanded the presidio at San Francisco,
and on the latter date was retired from
active service, being over sixty-two years
of age. He died March 26, 1890, in De
troit, Mich.
BROOKS, HORATIO G., locomotive
builder, was born Oct. 30, 1828, in Ports
mouth, N. H. He began business in
Dunkirk, N. Y., in 1869, under the name
of The Brooks Locomotive works. From
one locomotive a month, under the im
pulse of his strong mind and unceasing
activity, the works grew until they were
producing about two hundred locomotives
a year. In 1883 the company bought the
works back again at a fair price. Mr.
Brooks was three times mayor of Dun
kirk and a highly respected man. The
works are yet in operation, employing
1,200 men in busy times. He died April
20, 1887, in Dunkirk, N. Y.
BROOKS, JAMES, journalist, congress
man, was born Nov. 10, 1810, in Portland,
Maine. In 1835 he was elected to the
legislature of Maine; and in 1836 estab
lished the New York Daily Express, of
which he was the chief editor and pro
prietor. In 1847 he was elected a member
of the New York legislature; from 1849
to 1853 was a representative in congress
from the city of New York; and re-
elected to the thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth,
fortieth, forty-first, forty-second and
forty-third congresses. He died April 30,
1873, in Washington, D. C.
BROOKS, JAMES GORDON, journalist,
author, was born Sept. 3, 1801, in Claver-
ack, N. Y. In 1825 he established the
Literary Gazette, which, after a few
months, was united with the Athenaeum.
He was connected with this paper about
two years, and then with the Morning
Courier for about the same period. In all
these journals he published poems, which
were much admired. He died Feb. 20,
1841, in Albany, N. Y.
BROOKS, JAMES WILTON, lawyer,
state legislator, was born April 19, 1854,
in New York city. He met with success
in his practice at the start, and attained a
just popularity, professionally and so
cially. In 1882-83 he was elected to the
state legislature.
BROOKS, JOHN WILLIAM, soldier,
lawyer, was born Oct. 27, 1854, in Roch
ester, N. Y. On July 15, 1863, he en
listed as a union soldier in company C,
fifth regiment veteran reserve corps In
diana infantry, as a drummer, and was
the youngest soldier of the war — less than
nine years of age. In 1882 he graduated
from the Iowa state university and two
years later began the practice of law in
Ellsworth, Kan. He was in the military
band in the procession at the funeral of
Abraham Lincoln.
BROOKS, JOSEPH, clergyman, state
senator, governor, was born Nov. 1, 1821,
in Butler county, Ohio. When the civil
war began, he became chaplain of the
first Missouri artillery. He afterwards
aided in raising the eleventh and thirty-
third Missouri regiments, and was trans
ferred to the latter as chaplain. He re
moved to Little Rock in the autumn of
1868, and was elected state senator in
1870. In 1872 he became governor. He
was appointed postmaster at Little Rock
in March, 1875, and held the office till
his death. He died April 30, 1877, in Little
Rock, Ark.
BROOKS, KENDALL, educator, clergy
man, was born Sept. 3, 1821, in Roxbury,
Mass. In 1841 he graduated from the
Brown university,
and in 1845 from the
Newton Theological
institution. During
1845-52 he was pas
tor of the Baptist
church at Eastport,
Maine; and for ten
years was pastor in
Fitchburg, Mass. In
1852-55 he was pro
fessor of mathemat
ics in the Colby uni
versity; president of
Kalamazoo college during 1868-87; and
since 1888 has been professor of mathe
matics in the Alma college, Mich. For
three years he was editor of the National
Baptist of Philadelphia; and has con
tributed extensively to current literature.
BROOKS, LEWIS, manufacturer, phi
lanthropist, was born in 1793, in New
Milford, Conn. He was a manufacturer
of woolen cloth, and later in the mercan
tile business. In 1837 he retired, and de
voted his time chiefly to investing his
money and looking after his real estate.
He made various charitable bequests,
among which was $10,000 to the Roches
ter City hospital, a like sum to St. Mary's
hospital, and $5,000 each to the industrial
school and the Female Charitable society.
He also bequeathed $120,000 to the uni
versity of Virginia, $31,000 alone being
expended on the work of collecting a
cabinet. He died Aug. 9, 1877, in Roch
ester, N. Y.
BROOKS, MRS. MARIA GOWEN,
author, was born in 1795, in Massachu
setts. She is a poet whose fate it has
been to be utterly neglected after being
once extravagantly praised. Zophiel, or
The Bride of Seven, her chief work, is
a poem whose incidents are taken from
the story of Sara in the apocryphal book
of Tobit. It is a work of considerable
power but extravagant sentiment. Ido-
men, or the Vale of Yumuri, is to some
extent autobiographic. She died Nov. 11,
1845, in Cuba.
BROOKS, MICAH, educator, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1775, in Cheshire,
Conn. He was a justice of the peace in
1806, and for twenty years thereafter was
a county judge. He was a member of the
New York assembly in 1808 and 1809; and
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1815 to 1817. He was a
member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1821; and a presidential elector
in 1824. He died July 7, 1857, in Living
ston county, N. Y.
BROOKS, NATHAN COVINGTON,
educator, author, was born Aug. 12, 1819,
in Maryland. He is a prominent educator
of Baltimore, who, besides publishing an
excellent series of classical text-books,
chief among which are editions of Ovid's
Metamorphoses and Virgil's JEneid, is
the author of A Complete History of the
Mexican War.
BROOKS, NOAH, author, was born Oct.
30, 1830, in Castine, Maine. He is a New
York writer of popular books for boys;
and the author of The Boy Emigrants;
The Fairport Nine; Our Baseball Club;
Abraham Lincoln; The Boy Settlers;
American Statesmen; Tales of the Maine
Coast; Abraham Lincoln and the Down
fall of American Slavery; How the Re
public is Governed; Short Studies in
American Party Politics; Washington in
Lincoln's Time, a volume of gossipy re
collections; The Mediterranean Trip; and;
The Story of Marco.
BROOKS, PETER CHARDON, mer
chant, state senator, was born Jan. 6,
1767, in Yarmouth, Maine. Engaging in
the business of marine insurance, he ac
quired great wealth and was some years
president of the New England Insurance
company. He was a member of both
branches of the state legislature; and a.
delegate to the constitutional convention
in 1820. He died Jan. 1, 1849, in Boston,
Mass.
BROOKS, PHILLIPS, clergyman, bish
op, author, was born Dec. 13, 1835, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was the sixth protestant
episcopal bishop of
Massachusetts. He
was rector of Holy
Trinity church at
Philadelphia in 1862-
69; and of Trinity
church, Boston, from
1869 until his conse
cration as bishop in
1891. He was a lead
er of broad church
opinion, but had no
hostility towards
forms of thought op
posed to his. For many years before his
death he had been accounted the foremost
preacher in America. He was the author
of The Influence of Jesus; Lectures on
Preaching; The Candle of the Lord and
Other Sermons; The Light of the World
and Other Sermons; Sermons in English
Churches; Twenty Sermons; Sermons
for the Principal Festivals and Fasts;
Tolerance; A Century of Church Growth
in Boston; Essays and Addresses; Let
ters of Travel; and The Oldest School in
America. O Little Town of Bethlehem
is a popular poem by him. He died Jan.
23, 1893, in Boston, Mass.
BROOKS, PRESTON S., soldier, con
gressman, was born in August, 1819, in
Edgefield district, S. C. He was a state
representative in 1844; in 1846 raised a
company of volunteers, was made captain,
was elected to congress in 1853, and again
in 1855. In 1856 he made a personal as
sault upon Charles Sumner in the United
States senate chamber, which event caused
much excitement throughout the country.
He died Jan. 27, 1857, in Washington, D. C.
154
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BROOKS, THOMAS BENTON, engi
neer, author, was born June 15, 1836, in
Monroe, N. Y. During the civil war he
was captain in the first New York volun
teer engineers, afterward becoming major
and aide on the general staff of the army.
At the time of his resignation he held
the brevet rank of colonel. From 1869 to
1879 he was assistant geologist in charge
of the surveys of the Lake Superior iron
regions. In this connection he was as
sociated with Raphael Pumpelly, and pre
pared Geological Survey of Michigan; and
Geology of Wisconsin.
BROOKS, WILLIAM GRANT, educator,
composer, poet, was born Feb. 26, 1869,
in Saco, Maine. He is the author of a
number of songs that
have become popular
throughout the
United States; and
many of his poems
have been incorpo
rated into several
standard works. He
is a good musician,
and for many years
was organist in the
Universalist church
of Biddeford, Maine.
He is one of the most
prominent members of the Maine grand
lodge of Good Templars; Knights of
Pythias, and other fraternal bodies.
BROOKS, WILLIAM KEITH, natural
ist, author, was born March 25, 1848, in
Cleveland, Ohio. He is a professor of
morphology at Johns Hopkins university;
and the author of Hand-Book of Inverte
brate Zoology; Development of the Amer
ican Oyster; Conifer, a Study in Mor
phology; Development of Lingula; and
The Law of Heredity.
BROOKS, WILLIAM MYRON, college
president, legislator, was born March 5,
1835, in La Porte, Ohio. He is a graduate
from Oberlin college, and became presi
dent of Tabor college in 1866. He was
the presidential elector in 1876, and the
same year was elected a member of the
Iowa legislature. In 1868 he was made
president of the State Teachers' associa
tion of Iowa. Since 1891 he has been
president of the Tabor and Northern rail
way.
BROOKS, WILLIAM ROBERT, as
tronomer, lecturer, was born June 11,
1844, in England. He invented various
improvements in astronomical, photo
graphic, and other scientific instruments.
In 1870 he settled in Phelps, N. Y., where
in 1874 he founded and became the di
rector of the Red House observatory. In
1888 he removed to Geneva, N. Y., to take
charge of Smith observatory. His work
has consisted largely in the discovery of
comets, and thirteen of these bodies have
been credited to him since 1881. Six med
als have been conferred upon him.
BROOKSHIRE, ELIJAH VOORHEES,
farmer, congressman, was born Aug. 15,
1856, in Ladoga, Ind. He was engaged in
the practice of the law and farming when
elected to the fifty-first and fifty-second
congresses; and was re-elected to the
fifty-third congress as a democrat.
BROOM, JACOB, congressman, was
born July 25, 1808, in Baltimore, Md. In
1840 he was deputy auditor of Pennsyl
vania; and was elected a representative
from that state to the thirty-fourth con
gress. He died in November, 1864, in
Washington, D. C.
BROOM, JAMES M., congressman, was
born in 1778, in Delaware. He was gradu
ated at Princeton in 1794; and was a mem
ber of congress from Delaware from 1805
to 1807.
BROOMALL, JOHN M., lawyer, legisla
tor, congressman, was born Jan. 19, 1816,
in Upper Chichester, Pa. He served in the
legislature of the state; was a presidential
elector in 1861; and in 1862 was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania to the
thirty-eighth congress; was re-elected to
the thirty-ninth and fortieth congresses.
BROOME, JAMES E., governor, was
born March 3, in Florida. He was gov
ernor of Florida from 1853 to 1857.
BROOME, JAMES M., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Delaware from 1805 to 1807.
BROOME, JOHN, merchant, was born in
1738. He was a member of the New York
state constitutional convention of 1777
and lieutenant-governor of the state in
1804. During the whole of his public
career he was prominent in New York,
and was for many years at the head of
some of the most important charitable
and commercial institutions of the city.
An important thoroughfare bears his
name. He died Aug. 8, 1810.
BROOME, JOHN L., soldier, was born
March 8, 1824, in New York city. During
the war with Mexico he served with his
corps. In 1862 he commanded the marine
guard of the Hartford, Farragut's flag
ship, and was present at the passage of
Forts Jackson and St. Philip (April 24);
and in the various engagements at Vicks-
burg and Port Hudson, which resulted in
wresting the Mississippi river from the
confederate forces. He was twice wounded
during the war, and at its close received
the brevets of major and lieutenant-colo
nel for gallant and meritorious services.
BROOME, LEWIS HENRY, architect,
was born June 28, 1849, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He served in the civil war; and at
tained the rank of major. He has designed
and erected many of the finest buildings
in New Jersey and New York.
BROREIN, WILLIAM G., educator,
manufacturer, state senator, was born
Oct. 31, 1861, in Marion, Ohio. After grad
uating from the Ohio Normal university
he entered educational work, and for
three years was superintendent of public
schools at Cridersville. Since 1866 he has
been a merchant and manufacturer of
Buckland, Ohio, and in 1891 was elected
its first mayor. He has served as a mem
ber of the seventy-first and seventy-
second general assemblies of Ohio; and
in 1897 was elected to the state senate.
BRORUP, RASMUS PETERSON, au
thor, poet, was born in 1851. He is the
author of Christianity and Our Times;
Truth and Poetry; and other works.
For many years he has been engaged in
the publishing business, with headquar
ters in Chicago, 111.
BROSIUS, MARRIOTT, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 7, 1843, in
Lancaster county, Pa. He enlisted as a
private in company
K, ninety-seventh
regiment Pennsyl
vania volunteers for
three years; and
was commissioned a
second lieutenant for
bravery on the field
of battle. He was
elected to the fifty-
fi r s t, fifty-second,
fifty-third, fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a re
publican. In 1893 he received the hon
orary degree of LL. D. from Ursinus col
lege.
BROSS, WILLIAM, journalist, author,
was born Nov. 4, 1813, in Montague, N. .1.
He was a Chicago journalist; and the au
thor of History of Chicago (1866); Tom
Quick, a romance of Indian warfare; and
Chicago and Her Future Growth. He
died in 1890.
BROTHERTON, MRS. ALICE WIL
LIAMS, poet, was born in Cambridge, Ind.
She is a magazine writer of Cincinnati,
whose work is mainly in poetry; and she
is the author of Beyond the Veil; The
Sailing of King Olaf ; and What the Wind
Told the Tree-Tops, prose and verse for
children. In 1876 she married William
Ernest Brotherton of Cincinnati, Ohio,
which city has since been her home.
Many of her poems have been set to music
in America and in England.
BROUGH, CHARLES HENRY, soldier,
legislator, jurist, was born Nov. 17, 1813.
in Marietta, Ohio. He was a member of
the Ohio legislature in 1840-41; command
ed the fourth Ohio regiment during the
war with Mexico; and was presiding judge
of the Hamilton county court of com
mon pleas at the time of his death. He
died May 10, 1849, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
BROUGH, JOHN, journalist, governor,
was born Sept. 17, 1811, in Marietta, Ohio.
In 1831 he published at Marietta the
Washington County Republican, and in
1833 the Lancaster Eagle. He was a mem
ber of the legislature; from 1839 to 1845
auditor; and in 1846 opened a law office
in Cincinnati and published the Inquirer.
In 1848 he was president of the Madison
and Indianapolis railway; and in 1853,
of the Bellefontaine and Indianapolis
road. In 1863 he was elected governor of
Ohio. He died Aug. 29, 1865, in Cleve
land, Ohio.
BROUGHAM, JOHN, author, was born
May 9, 1810, in Ireland. He was a noted
dramatist, and the author of over a
hundred comedies and farces, many of
which, like Vanity Fair and The Irish
Emigrant, have been very successful. He
died June 7, 1880, in New York.
BROUGHTON, E. P., railroad manager,
was born in England. For a number of
years he was a railroad telegraph oper
ator; and since 1879 has been connected
with the Chicago and Eastern Illinois
railroad, of which he is now general su
perintendent.
BROUGHTON, THOMAS, lawyer,
statesman. He was councilor and collect
or of customs in South Carolina in 1808;
afterward lieutenant-governor; and in
1855 was made governor, serving in that
position until his death. He died in 1858.
BROUN, THOMAS L., soldier, lawyer,
was born in Loudoun county, Va. In 1848
he graduated from the university of Vir
ginia; taught school
two years; and was
admitted to the bar
in 1852. He entered
the confederate ser
vice as a private in
the Kanawha rifle-
men; was promoted
to major in the third
Virginia regiment of
Wise Legion; and
severely wounded at
the battle of Cloyd's
Mountain. After the
war Major Broun was reinstated in his
old position as pn-Mdi-nt of the Navigation
company of Charleston. During 1866-70
be prai-tiroii law in New York city, when
ho leturned again to Charleston. He has
made a specialty of West Virginia law
and land titles; and has devoted his en
ergies to the development of the Coal
river region, in which he has a large per
sonal interest.
HKRR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
155
BROUSSARD, ROBERT F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 17, 1864, in
Iberia, La. He became the nominee of
the anti-lottery wing of the democratic
party for the district attorneyship of the
nineteenth judicial district of Louisiana,
to which position he was elected at the
state election of 1892, he being the only
one of that wing of the democratic party
elected in the district at that election. In
1894 he was unanimously renominated to
the same position by the democratic party
and re-elected at the election of that year;
and was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a democrat.
BROWER, JOHN HAMIL, merchant,
was born Aug. 12, 1801, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
The New York and Texas Packet line was
his venture and, at one time, fifteen ves
sels belonged to him and traded to all
parts of the world. His ship Harvey
Birch, named after the noted spy of the
American revolution, was the first vessel
captured and destroyed by the confeder
ates during the civil war. He died June
15, 1881, in New York city.
BROWER, JOHN M., state senator, con
gressman, was born July 19, 1845, in
Greensborough, N. C. In 1878 he was
elected to the state senate from the thirty-
third district; and was elected to the
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as a re
publican.
BROWN, AARON VAIL, lawyer, con
gressman, governor, was born Aug. 15,
1795, in Brunswick county, Va. He served
for a number of
years in the legis
lature of Tennessee;
in 1839 was elected
a member of con
gress from Tennes
see, and re-elected in
1841 and 1843. On
his retirement from
congress in 1845, he
was elected governor
of Tennessee. His
last position was
that of postmaster-
general in the cabinet of President Bu
chanan. He died March 8, 1859, in Wash
ington, D. C.
BROWN, ABRAM ENGLISH, author,
was born in 1849 in Massachusetts. He is
the author of Beneath Old Roof Trees, a
volume of local history; Beside Old
Hearthstones; History of Bedford; Bed
ford Old Families; Glimpses of New Eng
land Life; and Flag of the Minute Men.
BROWN, ADDISON, lawyer, jurist, was
born Feb. 21, 1830, in West Newbury,
Mass. He attended Amherst college dur
ing 1S48-49; gradu-
_^M£. ated from Howard
^*& Ph» college in 1852; and
from the Harvard
Law school in 1854.
He then moved to
New York city
where he was active
ly engaged in the
practice of law until
his appointment in
1881 as United States
district judge for the
southern district of
New York. He was appointed by Presi
dent Garfield during recess of the sen
ate on June 2, 1881; and was again ap
pointed by President Arthur on Oct. 14,
1881. He has ever since filled the office
of United States district judge with great
judicial ability and learning.
BROWN, AGNES, artist, was born in
Newburyport, Mass. She paints land
scapes, flower-pieces, and animals in oil-
colors; her especial forte being cats.
BROWN, ALBERT GALLATIN, lawyer,
governor, United States senator, was born
May 31, 1813, in Chester District, S. C.
He was a representa
tive in congress
from Mississippi in
1840 and 1841; gov
ernor of Mississippi
from 1844 to 1848;
and was again elect
ed a representative
in congress from
1848 to 1854. He was
a judge of the circuit
superior court in
1852 and 1853; was
elected a United
States senator from 1854 to 1858; and was
re-elected for six years, commencing
March 4, 1859, but was expelled in March,
1861, and joined the great rebellion. He
died June 12, 1880, near Jacksonville,
Miss.
BROWN. ALEXANDER, banker, was
born Nov. 17, 1764, in Ireland. He was the
founder and president of the banking
house of Alexander Brown and Sons, of
Baltimore, Md.; Shipley and Company of
Liverpool and London, England; and also
of the Brown Brothers and Company of
Philadelphia and New York. He died
Dec. 17, 1834.
BROWN, ALEXANDER, historian, was
born Sept. 5, 1843, in Nelson county, Va.
During 1861-65 he was a soldier in the con
federate service; a merchant during 1865-
80; and for over a quarter of a century
has been interested in farming in his na
tive county. Since his youth he has been
interested in literary work, and has re
ceived the degree of D. C. L., conferred by
the university of the South. He is the
author of The Genesis of the bnited
States; The Cabells and Their Kin; and
The History of the First Republic in
America.
BROWN, ALEXANDER, banker, was
born Oct. 25, 1858, in Baltimore, Md. On
the death of his father became head of
the banking house of Alexander and Sons;
is vice-president of the Canton company;
president of the Macon and Northern rail
road; and director of the Mechanics' Na
tional bank; Savings bank of Baltimore,
and numerous other business organiza
tions.
BROWN, ALICE, author, was born in
New Hampshire. She is a Boston writer
on the staff of the Youth's Companion;
and the author of Fools of Nature, a
novel; Meadow Grass, a collection of New
England stories; By Oak and Thorn, a
volume of English travel; Robert Louis
Stevenson, a study; and Life of Mercy
Otis Warren.
BROWN, ANDREW, soldier, journalist,
was born in 1744 in Ireland. He fought on
the patriot side at Lexington and Bunker
Hill, was made general mustering officer
in 1777, and served under Gates and
Greene, with the rank of major. In 1788
he established the Federal Gazette, the
title of which was changed, in 1793, to
the Philadelphia Gazette. This was the
main channel through which the friends
of the federal constitution addressed the
public, and it was the first journal to pub
lish regular reports of the debates in con
gress. He died Feb. 4, 1797, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
BROWN, ANNA ROBESON, author,
was born in 1873 in Pennsylvania. She
is the author of Sir Mark; and The Black
Lamb.
BROWN, ANSON, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a represent
ative in congress from that state during
the years 1839 and 1840. He died June
21, 1840, in Ballston, N. Y.
BROWN, ARTHUR, lawyer, United
States senator, was born March 8, 1843,
in Kalamazoo county, Mich. He com
menced the practice of law in 1865 in
Kalamazoo, Mich., and in 1879 removed
to Salt Lake City, Utah, where he has
since resided and engaged in the practice
of law. Upon the admission of the state
of Utah, he was elected as a republican to
the United States senate Jan. 22, 1896,
himself and colleague being elected at
one and the same time and on the same
vote. In drawing lots in the presence of
the senate, he drew the short term.
BROWN, ARTHUR R., lawyer, jurist,
was born Sept. 26, 1850, in New York.
He received his education in the Military
school, Clinton, N. Y., and in Boston,
Mass. For ten years he has served as
county attorney; and has been deputy
district attorney and city attorney, and
for many years filled the office of .county
judge. He is a prominent lawyer of Red
Cliff, Colo., where he is also engaged
in mining and loans.
BROWN, AUSTIN RAYMOND, journal
ist, was born March 19, 1828, in Milroy,
Ind. Returning to Indianapolis, he be
came the proprietor of the State Sentinel
newspaper, which he conducted ably for
five years, first as a semi-weekly and then
as a daily, assisted in the editorial man
agement by his father, William J. Brown.
Since 1861 he has served thirteen consec
utive years in the city council, and nine
years as one of the board of school com
missioners.
BROWN, B. GRATZ, soldier, journalist,
United States senator, was born May 28,
1826, in Lexington, Ky. He was a mem
ber of the Missouri
legislature from 1852
to 1858; assisted in
establishing the Mis
souri Democrat, and
edited linn, jnuniul
k^ \ JB from 1854 to 1859. A
speech that he deliv
ered in the legisla
ture in 1857 was the
initial movement in
behalf of freedom in
that state. In 1861
he volunteered and
raised a regiment, which assisted in the
capture of Camp Jackson, and which lie
commanded during its term of service. He
was elected a senator in congress from
Missouri for the term of 1863-67. In 1872 he
received a complimentary vote for presi
dent of the United States. He died Dec.
13, 1885.
BROWN, BEDFORD, United States sen
ator, was born in 1795, in Caswell county,
N. C. He was elected to the house of
commons of that state in 1815, in which
capacity he served many years; and was a
senator in congress from that state from
1829 to 1841. He was subsequently elected
to the general assembly, and was first
elected to the senate and served two
terms. He died Dec. 6, 1870, in Caswell
county, N. C.
BROWN, BEDFORD, physician, was
born Jan. 1, 1825, in Caswell county, N. C.
When the civil war broke out he entered
the army as a surgeon, and during the
latter part of the war was an inspector
of hospitals and camps. He was one of
the founders of the Southern Surgical an<1
Gynaecological association, and has served
as president, vice-president and member
of its judicial council.
BROWN, BENJAMIN, congressman. He
served in the state legislature in 1809,
1811 and 1812; and was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts from 1815
to 1817.
156
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BROWN, BUCKMINSTER, surgeon,
author, was born July 13, 1819, in Boston.
Devoting himself to orthopaedic surgery,
he has attained experience and skill that
places him among the foremost living
specialists in that line. He is the author
of many technical treatises, including a
full account of the instance of the double-
hip displacement.
BROWN, CALVIN SCOTT, educator,
clergyman, missionary, was born March
23, 1859, in Winton, N. C. In 1886 he
graduated from the Shaw university. He
has been secretary and president of the
baptist state convention; president of the
Baptist State Ministers' association, and
has been pastor and is now president of
Waters Normal institute and general mis
sionary secretary of the baptist state con
vention. He is connected with various
societies as secretary, superintendent and
grand chaplain; and is also the editor of
the Baptist Pilot.
BROWN, CHARLES, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1841 to 1843, and again from 1847 to
1849. He subsequently held the office of
collector of the port of Philadelphia; and
was a delegate to the Philadelphia na
tional union convention of 1866.
BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN, au
thor, was born Jan. 17, 1771, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a novelist of Philadel
phia, and the first of
native authors who
adopted literature us
a profession. In his
novels probability
plays a very small
part, the local color
is faint, though the
scenes are American,
and all are overshad
owed by an over
powering element of
mystery. In spite of
extravagances and
faults, his work possesses undeniable
power of a very high order, and does not
deserve the neglect into which It has
fallen. Wieland; Ormond, or the Secret
Witness; and Arthur Mervyn, are in some
respects the most powerful of his works.
He is the author of Edgar Huntley, or
the Memories of a Sleep Walker; Clara
Howard, reprinted in England as Philip
Stanley; and Jane Talbot. He died Feb
22, 1810.
BROWN, CHARLES ELWOOD, lawyer,
soldier, congressman, was born July -1,
1834, in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1861 he en
listed in the union army; served through
out the civil war, attained the rank of colo
nel and brevet brigadier-general. In the
Atlanta campaign, in 1864, he commanded
his regiment and lost a leg. In 1872 he
was appointed United States pension
agent at Cincinnati, serving four years;
and in 1884, was elected a representative
from Ohio to the forty-ninth congress,
and re-elected to the fiftieth congress as a
republican.
BROWN, CHARLES LINCOLN, lawyer,
state senator, was born July 6, 1864, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a successful law
yer of Philadelphia; was a member of the
common council in 1891 and 1893; a mem
ber of the select council in 1894; and in
1896 was elected a member of the Penn
sylvania state senate.
BROWN, CHARLES RUFUS, theolog
ian, author, was born in 1849, in New
Hampshire. He has been a professor of
Old Testament interpretation at Union
Theological seminary since 1883. He !s
the author of An Aramaic Method, a
Text and Grammar.
BROWN, D. RUSSELL, manufacturer,
governor, was born March 28, 1848, in
Connecticut. In 1880 he was elected to -
the common council
of Providence, and
served four years. In
1886 he was tendered
the nomination of
mayor, but declined;
and two years later
was elected presiden
tial elector. In 1892
he was elected gov
ernor of Rhode Isl
and, and for many
years filled that high
office to the entire
satisfaction of the people. In 1870 Mr.
Brown moved to Providence and took
charge of the Mil! supply store of Cyrus
White, which business he subsequently
purchased. He is now the president of
the Brown Brothers' company, general
mill furnishers. He is connected with
numerous charitable and educational in
stitutions in his city and state; and a
prominent member of various fraternal
orders.
BROWN, DAVID, was noted as the her
mit of Newfane. He was a noted book
collector, and left one of the largest and
most costly libraries in the state. He
died Jan 31, 1873, in Newfane, Vt.
BROWN, DAVID PAUL, lawyer, author,
was born Sept. 28, 1795, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a Philadelphia lawyer and
the author of two tragedies, Sestorius;
and The Trial; a melodrama and a com
edy; and The Forum, or Forty Years'
Practice at the Philadelphia Bar. His
Forensic Speeches were edited by his son
in 1873. He died July 11, 1872, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
BROWN, DUNCAN, soldier, clergyman,
college president, was born June 6, 1844,
in Hannibal, Mo. He served as a union
soldier from 1861 to 1865, and in 1868
graduated from Pardee college, Mo.; and
from the Princeton Theological seminary
in 1871. He has held pastorates in Mound
City, St. Joseph, Macon and Tarkio, Mo.
He has been president of the Highland
university of Kansas, and is now presi
dent of the Brookfield college of Tarkio
Mo.
BROWN, E. SCOTT, lawyer, legislator,
was born Dec. 3, 1846, in Allen county,
Ky. During 1869-75 he was a merchant
and postmaster in Scottsville, Ky.; and in
1876 was one of the founders of the city
of De Land, Fla. In 1879 he was ad
mitted to the bar, and has since success
fully practiced that profession. For six
years he was clerk of the Allen circuit
court; and during 1886-91 was president r.f
the Bank of Allen County. In 1887-88
he was a member of the lower house of
the Kentucky legislature and served with
distinction in that body. In 1888 he was
chosen a delegate to represent the na
tional farmers' congress in the Paris ex
position; the same year was a delegate
to the republican national convention, and
during 1894-97 was police judge of the city
of Scottsville, Ky.
BROWN, EDWARD JOSIAH, physician,
surgeon, was born Jan. 14, 1851, in Burke,
Vt. In 1874 he graduated from Dartmouth
college, and graduated from the medical
department of the university of New York
in 1878. He also studied medicine in the
university of Berlin. He has held chairs
of chemistry, hygiene, ophthalmology and
otology in the Minneapolis college of phy
sicians and surgeons. In 1888 he was
president of the Hennepin County Med
ical society, and has held various other
positions of honor.
BROWN, EDWIN LEE, architect, busi
ness man, humanitarian, was born
in March, 1827. In 1860 he moved
to Chicago, where he was engaged in
the manufacture of sidewalk and vault
lights. He has held other positions, as
president of the Western Sand Blast and
Western Seed companies, and the gas
company of Evanston; he has been presi
dent of the Young Men's Library asso
ciation. He was active in establishing the
Western Lecture bureau; and has been
president of the Interstate Industrial ex
position, the Illinois Humane society,
and the American Humane association.
BROWN, EDWIN N., educator, author,
was born in I860, in Lansing, Mich. He
graduated from the university of Michi
gan, and has since been superintendent
of the schools of Jonesville and Allegan,
Mich., and Hastings, Neb. He is the
author of Treasury of Latin Gems, and
other works.
BROWN, EGBERT BENSON, soldier,
was born Oct. 24, 1816, in Brownsville,
N. Y. He served through the civil war,
mainly in Missouri, Arkansas and Texas,
and left the army with one shoulder al
most wholly disabled and a bullet in his
hip. The legislature of Missouri officially
complimented the troops of his command
for their conduct at the battle of Spring
field. From 1866 till 1868 he was United
States pension agent at St. Louis.
BROWN, ELIAS, congressman. He was.
a representative in congress from Mary
land from 1829 to 1831; and a presiden
tial elector in 1820, 1828 and 1836.
BROWN, ELLSWORTH LINCOLN, law
yer, state senator, was born Jan. 31, 1862,
in Milan, 111. He was elected to the Wash
ington state senate from the seventeenth
district; was also court commissioner,
and has attained an enviable reputation
as a brilliant lawyer.
BROWN, EMMA ELIZABETH, author,
poet, was born Oct. 18, 1847, in Concord,
N. H. Her works include lives of Wash
ington; Grant; Garfield; Wendell Holmes;
Russell Lowell; From Night to Light, a
story of Bible times; The Child Toilers
of Boston Streets; and An Hundred Years
Ago, a volume of poems.
BROWN, ETHAN ALLEN, jurist, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born
July 4, 1776, in Darien, Conn. He was
judge of the supreme court of Ohio from
1810-18; governor of the state from
1818-22; and United States senator from
1822-25. He was United States minister
to Brazil from 1830-34, and commissioner
of the general land office in 1835-36. He
removed to Indiana in 1836, and was a
member of the Indiana legislature in 1842.
He died Feb. 24, 1852, in Indianapolis, Ind.
BROWN, FLETCHER, clergyman, col
lege president, was born Aug. 2, 1850, in
Guernsey county, Ohio. He was educated
at the Central university, Drew Theo
logical seminary, and Simpson college.
He served as a member of the Des Moines
conference for eight years; was vice-pres
ident of Simpson college for five years,
and was also its president for five years.
BROWN, FOSTER VINCENT, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 24, 1854, in
White county, Tenn. He was elected at
torney-general of the fourth Chattanooga
judicial district in 1886, and held the office
for eight years, his term ending in 1894.
He removed to Chattanooga in 1890, and
continued the practice of law with Judge
Charles D. Clark. He was a delegate to
the republican national convention in
1884 and voted for James G. Elaine for
president; and was elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
157
BROWN, FRANCIS, third president of
Dartmouth college, was born Jan. 11, 1784,
in Chester, N. H. He graduated from
Dartmouth college, became a tutor, and
3n 1810 was ordained a pastor 6f the con
gregational church in North Yarmouth,
Maine. In 1815 he was inaugurated presi
dent of Dartmouth college; and died
July 27, 1820.
BROWN, FRANCIS, educator, author,
was born in 1849 in New Hampshire He
has been professor of Hebrew and cognate
languages at Union Theological seminary
since 1890; and is the author of Assyriol-
ogy; its Use and Abuse; and The Teach
ings of the Apostles.
BROWN, FREDERIC ALDEN, banker,
was born Sept. 16, 1851, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. In 1877 he became a member of
the firm known as Walston H. Brown
and Brothers. He was for eight years
treasurer of the Rochester and Pittsburg
railroad company, and was for the same
length of time connected with the Roch
ester and Pittsburg Coal and Iron com
pany.
BROWN, GEORGE, banker, was born
April 17, 1787, in Ireland. The city of
Baltimore is largely indebted to him, i.s
well as his father for the condition of the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad. He do
nated his money liberally to the important
institutions, and for many of them was
an active worker. He died Aug. 26, 1859,
in Baltimore, Md.
BROWN, GEORGE, naval officer, was
born June 19, 1835. He participated in the
hazardous ascent of the Mississippi river
under Farragut, and in the first attack
on Vicksburg in June, 1862. He was pro
moted lieutenant-commander in 1862, and
shortly afterward placed in charge of the
Indianola iron-clad, of the Mississippi
squadron.
BROWN, GEORGE EUGENE, educator,
college president, was born May 18, 1867,
in Mason City, Iowa. He graduated with
the degree of B. S. from the Iowa Agri
cultural college in 1892. He has occu
pied positions as teacher, county superin
tendent, editor and president of the Mid
land Normal school, and is well known as
a writer on educational topics.
BROWN, GEORGE H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in New Jersey. He
was a member of the convention which
formed the state constitution of 1844; and
was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1851 to 1853.
BROWN, GEORGE LORING, painter,
was born Feb. 2, 1814, in Boston, Mass.
He spent twenty years in Antwerp, Rome.
Florence, Paris and London, and returned
to the United States in 1860, with a high
reputation as a landscape painter at home
and abroad. Among his more important
pictures are The Bay of New York; The
Crown of New England; Venice; Sunset,
Genoa; Niagara by Moonlight; Capri;
Doge's Palace at Sunset; Sunrise, Venice;
and Doge's Palace at Sunrise. He died
June 25, 1889, in Boston, Mass.
BROWN, GEORGE THADDEUS, spe
cialist, was born July 16, 1863, in Belton,
S. C. He attended the North Georgia
Agricultural college, Southern Medical
college, New York Post Graduate, and
the New York Polyclinic. He has attained
a national reputation as a specialist in
diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat.
BROWN, GEORGE WARREN, mer
chant, manufacturer, was born March 21,
1853, in Granville, N. Y. He organized
the first successful shoe manufacturing
plant in St. Louis, commencing operations
Dec. 1, 1878. He has been president of
the Brown Shoe company since its first
incorporation in 1882.
BROWN, GLENN, architect, author,
was born Sept. 13, 1854, in Fauquier coun
ty, Va. He was educated at the Washing
ton and Lee university, and at the Massa
chusetts Institute of Technology, of Bos
ton, Mass. Since 1879 he has been en
gaged in the architectural work in the
District of Columbia, Virginia, Maryland
and South Carolina. He is the author of
many books on sanitary, mechanical and
historical topics. He is the author of a
work entitled A History of the United
States Capitol.
BROWN, GOOLD, educator, author, was
born March 7, 1791, in Providence, R. I.
He was an educator of New York city and
a famous grammarian. He was the au
thor of Grammar of English Grammars;
Institutes of English Grammar; and First
Lines of English Grammar. His works
on grammar have probably had the most
extensive circulation of any of the kind.
He died March 31, 1857, in Lynn, Mass.
BROWN, HELEN DAWES, lecturer,
author, was born in Massachusetts. She
was a lecturer on English literature in
New York city, and the author of The
Petrie Estate, a novel; Two College Girls-
and Little Miss Phoebe Gay.
BROWN, HENRY ARMITT, lawyer,
orator, author, was born Dec. 1, 1844, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a lawyer and
orator of Philadelphia, and the author of
Four Historical Orations, which have been
much admired. He died Aug. 21, 1879, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
BROWN, HENRY B., painter was born
in 1831, in Portland, Maine. He painted
coast scenery; and in his wonderful ren
dering of the sea he stands among Ameri
can artists unrivalled. East Highlands;
On the Androscoggin; and On the Coast
of Maine are among the best of his works.
He died in 1860, in Portland, Maine.
BROWN, HENRY BILLINGS, associate
justice of the supreme court of the United
States, was born March 2, 1836, in South
Lee, Mass. In 1861 he was appointed dep
uty marshal of the United States, and sub
sequently assistant United States attorney
for the eastern district of Michigan, a
position he held until 1868, when he was
appointed judge of the state circuit court
of Wayne county, to fill a vacancy. In
1875 he was appointed by President Grant
district judge for the eastern district of
Michigan, and in 1890 was appointed as
sociate justice of the supreme court; and
has served since 1891. He is the author of
Admiralty Reports for Western Lake and
River Districts.
BROWN, HENRY CORBES, contractor,
financier, was born Nov. 18, 1820, in St.
Clairsville, Ohio. In Denver he grew rich
by building contracts and operations in
lands and mines. In the spring of 1864, he
took up a homestead claim of one hun
dred and sixty acres, at $2.50 per acre.
The property is now worth millions. He
was one of the builders of the Denver
street railroad, and built and owned
Brown's Palace Hotel, which cost $1,600,-
000. In 1875, he gave ten acres for a site
for the capitol of Colorado.
BROWN, HENRY FRANCIS, financier,
was born Oct. 10, 1838, in Baldwin, Maine.
As a manufacturer of lumber in Min
neapolis he has amassed a fortune. He is
now president of the Union National
bank; vice-president of the Minneapolis
Trust company, and president of the Min
neapolis Land and Investment company.
BROWN, HENRY KIRKE, sculptor,
was born Feb. 24, 1814, in Leyden, Mass.
He attained distinction as one of the fore
most sculptors in America. He died July
10, 1886, in Newburg, N. Y.
BROWN, HENRY KIRKE BUSH, sculp
tor, was born April 21, 1857, in Ogdens-
burgh, N. Y. He studied sculpture with
Henry K. Brown of Newburg, N. Y., and
with Mercie and Chapu in Paris. He was
given high honors at the World's Fair for
his equestrian group of Indian Buffalo
Hunt, and his equestrian statue of General
Meade, erected by the state of Pennsyl
vania on the battlefield of Gettysburg, and
dedicated June 5, 1896.
BROWN, HENRY WILLIAM, educator,
was born March 30, 1861, in Camden,
Maine. For the past ten years he has
filled the chair of psychology and ethics
in the New Hampton literary institution,
and is a constant contributor to current
literature.
BROWN, ISAAC VAN ARSDALE, cler
gyman, author, was born Nov. 4, 1784, in
Somerset county, N. J. Among his pub
lications are "Life of Robert Finley, D.
D.; The Unity of the Human Race; and
also a Historical Vindication of the Abro
gation of the Plan of Union by the Pres
byterian Church in the United States of
America. He was one of the founders of
the American Colonization society, and
worked for its advancement, and was one
of the original members of the American
Bible society. He died April 19, 1861, in
Trenton, N. J.
BROWN, J. APPLETON, artist, was
born July 24, 1844, in Newburyport, Mass.
Among his works are A View, Dives Cal
vados, France; Old Road Near Paris; On
the Merrimac at Newburyport; Autumn;
Storm at the Isle of Shoals; and Spring
time.
BROWN, JACOB, soldier, was born May
9, 1775, in Bucks county, Pa. When the
war of 1812 broke out, he entered the
army, and in 1813 was made brigadier-
general in the regular army, and on Jan.
24, 1814, assigned to the army of the Niag
ara, with the rank of major-general. In
1821 he was appointed general-in-chief of
the United States army, which position he
held until his death. He died Feb. 24,
1828, in Washington, D. C.
BROWN, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, United
States senator, was born Sept. 11, 1766,
near Staunton, Va. He was secretary of the
Territory of Louisiana after its acquisi
tion. This led him to New Orleans, which
became his home. He was appointed
United States attorney for the district of
Louisiana, and rose to a high rank at the
bar. He was appointed a territorial judge
in 1804, and was chosen to the United
States senate from Louisiana, and served
from 1812 to 1817, and again from 1819 to
1824. He died April 7, 1835, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
BROWN, JAMES, banker, was born
in February, 1791, in Ireland. He became
one of the representative bankers of New
York. In the panic of 1837, the English
branch of the firm was able to secure a
loan of $10,000,000 from the Bank of Eng
land, which enabled the local firm to wea
ther the financial storm without suspen
sion, and placed them in the front rank of
the bankers of the world. The house has
branches in Baltimore and Philadelphia
in this country, under different names,
and in England under the name of Brown,
Shipley and Co. He died Nov. 1, 1877, in
New York city.
BROWN, JAMES ALLEN, educator,
clergyman, author, was born in 1821, in
Pennsylvania. He was a Lutheran cler
gyman and educator; professor in Get
tysburg seminary in 1864-77, and the au
thor of The New Theology. He died in
1883.
158
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BROWN, JAMES S., lawyer, congress
man, was born Feb. 1, 1824, in Hampton,
Maine. In 1846 he was chosen prose
cuting attorney for Milwaukee county,
Wis.; in 1848 was elected attorney-gen
eral of the state: and in 1861 was mayor
of Milwaukee. In 1862 he was elected a
representative from Wisconsin to the thir
ty-eighth congress. He died in 1878, in
Milwaukee. Wis.
BROWN, JASON BREVOORT, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
Feb. 26, 1839, in Dillsboro, Ind. He has
taken part as a public speaker in all of
the political campaigns in his state since
1862; was elected to the Indiana house
of representatives from Jackson county
in 1862, and was re-elected in 1864. He
was elected to the state senate in 1870
from the counties of Jackson and Brown,
and was re-elected in 1880 from the coun
ties of Jackson and Jennings. He was
elected to the fifty-first and fifty-second
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
BROWN, JEREMIAH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1776, in Penn
sylvania. He served in the legislature of
that state, and as a member of one or
two state conventions. He was the first
associate judge elected by the people, and
was a representative in congress, from
Pennsylvania, from 1841 to 1845. He died
March 2, 1848, in Lancaster, Pa.
BROWN, JESSE HUNTER, journalist,
author, was born Aug. 31, 1861, in Hiram,
Ohio. He received his education at Hiram
college. He has been the editor of sev
eral publications, and is the author of
Norman McDonald; A Woman's Doing;
Roderick Wayne; The Ironclad Pledge;
and Runaway.
BROWN, JOHN, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Mary
land from 1809 to 1810.
BROWN, JOHN, congressman, was born
in Mifflin county, Pa. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1821 to 1825.
BROWN, JOHN, congressman, was born
Jan. 27, 1736, in Providence, R. I. He
was one of the men who captured the
Gaspee in Providence river, in 1772. He
took an active part iff the revolution, and
was an ardent friend of the constitution.
He was a representative in congress from
Rhode Island from 1799 to 1801. He died
Sept. 20, 1803.
BROWN, JOHN, soldier, was born Oct.
19, 1744, in Sandisfield, Mass. He was a
lieutenant-colonel in the revolutionary
war. He was killed in battle Oct. 19, 1780,
near the Mohawk river.
BROWN, JOHN, lawyer, United States
senator, was born Sept. 12, 1757, in Staun-
ton, Va. He was elected a member of
the Virginia legislature from the district
of Kentucky, and was appointed a dele
gate from Virginia to the continental con
gress, from 1787 to 1788. He was a rep
resentative from Kentucky to the federal
congress from 1789 to 1(91; a United
States senator from 1793 to 1805, and was
the last survivor of the old congress, and
the first member from the Valley of the
Mississippi. He died Aug. 28, 1837, In
Frankfort, Ky.
BROWN, JOHN, clergyman, college
president, was born June 15, 1763, in Ire
land. In 1779 he joined the revolutionary
army as a volunteer and fought under
General Sumter. In 1809 he was elected
professor of logic and moral philosophy
in the university of South Carolina. In
1811 he became president of the university
of Georgia. He died Dec. 11, 1842, in Fort
Gaines, Ga.
BROWN, JOHN, abolitionist, was born
May 9, 1800, in Torrington, Conn. In 1855
he emigrated to Kansas, -where he took
an active part in the contest of that state,
caused by the passage of the Kansas-
Nebraska bill, advocating squatter-sov
ereignty. In 1859 he formed the bold plan
of freeing the slaves in Virginia, and on
the night of Oct. 16 he surprised Harper's
Ferry, seized the arsenal and armory and
took forty prisoners. But his small band
was soon overpowered and captured. He
was tried in November, and hanged Dec.
2, 1859.
BROWN, JOHN ALEXANDER, banker,
was born May 21, 1788. He was elected a
director of the old United States bank
under the presidency of Nicholas Biddle.
He acquired a large fortune, and gave
more than $500,000 to benevolent objects.
The Presbyterian hospital of Philadel
phia received a donation of $300,000. He
died Dec. 31, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BROWN, JOHN BREWER, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born May
13, 1836, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
elected to the state house of delegates in
1870; was elected to the state senate in
1887 and served three terms. He was
elected to the fifty-second" congress as a
democrat to fill a vacancy.
BROWN, JOHN BUNDY, banker, state
senator, was born May 31, 1805, in Maine.
He was president of the Portland Sav
ings bank. The board of trade made Mr.
Brown its first president; and he was
president of Maine General hospital. He
was prominent in the organization of the
republican party in Maine, and was elected
to the Maine senate in 1856 and a presi
dential elector in 1860. He died Jan. 10,
1881, in Portland, Maine.
BROWN, JOHN CALVIN, soldier, law
yer, governor, was born Jan. 6, 1827, in
Giles county, Tenn. In 1861 he entered
the confederate army, and was made
captain; and served with distinction
throughout the civil war, rising to the
rank of major-general. He was a dele
gate to, and was elected president of the
state constitutional convention of 1870;
and in that year was elected governor of
Tennessee, and was re-elected in 1872.
serving until 1875. In 1876 he was elected
vice-president of the Texas and Pacific
Railway company. He died Aug. 17, 1889,
in Red Boiling Springs, Tenn.
BROWN, JOHN GEORGE, artist, was
born Nov. 11, 1831, in England. He is
noted as a painter of strictly American
suojects, and particularly of the street
boys and bootblacks of New York city.
He was president of the American Water
Color society for ten years, and chairman
of art commission to judge of fine arts
at the world's fair. Among his best
known works are His First Cigar; Curl
ing in Central Park; The Passing Show;
The Dress Parade; A Merry Air and a
Sad Heart; The Thrilling Moment; and
The Old Folks at Home.
BROWN, JOHN HAMILTON, inventor,
was born July 28, 1837, in Liberty, Maine.
In 1875 he conceived the idea of the seg-
mental tube wire-wound gun, and since
1886 he has given his entire time to the
perfecting of the wire gun, whicn has
been generally introduced in America and
Europe.
BROWN, JOHN HENRY, author, was
born Oct. 29, 1820. in Pike county, Miss.
He is the author of Two Years in Mexico;
Early Life in the Southwest, Indian Wars
and Pioneer of Texas; The Life and Times
of Henry Smith; and is now completing
a history of Texas from its discovery,
1685, to 1885.
BROWN, JOHN HENRY HOBART.
protestant episcopal bishop, was bojn
Jan. 1, 1831, in New York city. He was
chosen to be the first bishop of the diocese
of Fond du Lac, Wis., and was consecrated
in Cohoes, Dec. 15, 1875. He published a
number of sermons and addresses. He
died May 2, 1888, in Fond du Lac, Wis.
BROWN, JOHN JACKSON, educator,
journalist, was born Feb. 7, 1820, in Amen-
ia, N. Y. In 1865 he accepted the chair
of natural science in the Falley seminary
at Fulton, N. Y.; in 1870 was elected to the
chair of chemistry and industrial mechan
ics in Cornell university; for five years
was editor of the Humphrey Journal of
Photography; and for eleven years editor
of the scientific department of the North
ern Christian Advocate. He died Aug.
15, 1891, in Syracuse, N. Y.
BROWN, JOHN NEWTON, clergyman,
was born June 29, 1803, in New London,
Conn. In 1833 he moved to Boston, where
he edited the Encyclopaedia of Religious
Knowledge, which was republished in
England. He died May 15, 1868, in Ger-
mantown, Pa.
BROWN, JOHN PORTER, oriental
scholar, was born Aug. 17, 1814, in Chil-
licothe, Ohio. He was a frequent con
tributor to American newspapers and mag
azines, and wrote Dervishes, or Oriental
Spiritualism; and also translated Ahmed
Ben Hemden's Turkish Evening Enter
tainments; and Constantine's Ancient and
Modern Constantinople. He died April 28,
1872, in Constantinople, Turkey.
BROWN, JOHN R., soldier, manufac
turer, congressman, was born Jan. 14,
1842, in Franklin county, Va. He entered
the confederate army as a private in com
pany D, twenty-fourth Virginia volun
teers. In 1870 he formed a copartnership
with his father as manufacturers of to
bacco at Shady Grove, and in 1882 removed
to Martinsville, where the firm and busi
ness has since been continued. He was
elected mayor of Martinsville in 1884, and
was elected to the fiftieth congress as an
independent republican.
BROWN, JOHN SIDNEY, merchant,
was born June 10, 1833, in Ohio. He and
his brother built the first grain elevator
and roller flour mill in Colorado, and they
are now engaged in the grocery business
under the firm name of J. S. Brown and
Brother. He was president of the City
National bank of Denver, and vice-presi
dent of the Union Pacific and Gulf railroad
for several years.
BROWN, JOHN W., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1797 in Dundee,
Scotland. He was elected a justice of the
peace in 1820; elected a representative in
congress from New York in 1832, and re-
elected in 1834. In 1849 he was elected a
justice of the supreme court of that state,
and re-elected in 1857, retiring from the
bench in 1865. He died Sept. 6, 1875, in
Newburg, N. Y.
BROWN, JOHN WALKER, clergyman,
poet, was born in 1814 in New York. He
was an episcopal clergyman, and the au
thor of Christmas Bells, a Tale of Holy
Tide, and Other Poems. He died in 1849.
BROWN, JOHN WESLEY, journalist,
lawyer, legislator, was born Nov. 15, 1852,
in Lee Valley, Tenn. He received his
education at the Hiwassee college, Ten
nessee, and for many years was engaged
in the government service as pension
clerk and file clerk. He was private sec
retary to Congressman A. H. Pettibone;
delegate to the national republican con
vention in 1884; an alternate in 1880; and
during 1884-87 served with distinction as
state senator in the Tennessee legisla
ture.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
159
BROWN, JOHN YOUNG, lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 28, 1835, in
Claysville, Ky. In 1859 he was elected to
congress, but not having attained the con
stitutional age, declined to take his seat.
In 1867 he was elected a representative
from Kentucky to the fortieth congress,
but in March, 1868, his claim to a seat was
rejected by the house. He was elected
to the forty-third and forty-fourth con
gresses, serving on various committees.
BROWN, JOSEPH, manufacturer, scien
tist, was born Dec. 3, 1733, in Providence,
R. I. He was greatly interested in the
science of electricity, and his knowledge
of that subject was remarkable for the
time. At his death he left an electric
machine of his own construction, then un
surpassed by any other in the country.
He devoted considerable study to me
chanics and was proficient in astronomy.
He died Dec. 3, 1785, in Providence, R. I.
BROWN, JOSEPH, soldier, was born in
1773 in North Carolina. He fought in the
war of 1812, as colonel of the twenty-
seventh Tennessee regiment. When
eighty-six years of age he wrote an ac
count of his captivity and the destruction
of Chickamauga. He died in 1862 in
Tennessee.
BROWN, JOSEPH EMERSON, lawyer,
jurist, governor, United States senator,
was born April 15, 1821, in South Caro
lina. In 1849 he was
elected to the
Georgia state sen
ate; in 1852 he was
a Pierce elector; in
1855 he was elected
judge of the superior
courts of the Blue
Ridge circuit; and in
1857 he was elected
governor. He was
re-elected in 1859
over Hon. Warren
Aiken. He was a se
cessionist in 1860, and was active and en
ergetic as a war governor after the state
had seceded. In 1861 he was again elected
governor over the Hon. Eugenius A. Nis-
bet, and in 1863 he was again elected.
During 1868-70 he was chief justice of the
supreme court of Georgia, which position
he resigned to accept the presidency of
the Western Atlantic Railroad company.
During 1880-91 he was United States sen
ator. He died Nov. 30, 1894, in Atlanta.
Ga.
BROWN, JULIUS L., lawyer, business
man, was born May 31, 1848, in Canton,
Ga. He was general counsel for the
Western and Atlantic railroads; and is
now master in chancery of the United
States circuit court; and president of
The Georgia Mining, Manufacturing and
Investment company.
BROWN, JUNIUS FLAG, merchant,
was born Sept. 3, 1828, in Conneaut, Ohio.
He went to Denver in 1870, and estab
lished a wholesale grocery business, under
the firm name of J. S. Brown and Bro.,
which has greatly prospered. He was
vice-president of the City National bank
for fifteen years, and is a large share
holder in the Denver Tramway street car
railroad.
BROWN, LEWIS HENRY, legislator,
public official, was born March 24, 1857,
in Hayward, Cal. He has served as city
treasurer of San Francisco, Cal.; has
been a member of the state legislature;
and filled the high office of secretary of
state.
BROWN, MARY L., poet, was born in
Griswold, Conn. Has written extensively
for the periodical press, and many of her
poems have appeared in standard works.
BROWN, MASON, jurist, was born Nov.
10, 1799, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was judge
of the circuit court of his district for
many years, and from 1855 till 1859, dur
ing the administration of Gov. Morehead,
he was secretary of state. To his public
spirit Frankfort was largely indebted for
works of public utility and ornament. He
died Jan. 27, 1867, in Frankfort, Ky.
BROWN, MATTHEW, educator, college
president, was born in 1776 in Northum
berland county, Pa. In 1801 he was or
dained pastor of the united congrega
tions of Mifflin and Lost Creek, and in
1805 became pastor of the presbyterian
church at Washington, Pa., and principal
of the academy there. When the acad
emy was chartered as Washington college,
in 1806, Mr. Brown was made its first
president. He resigned in 1816, still re
taining his pastorate. After refusing the
presidency of Centre college, Danville,
Ky., he accepted, in 1822, that of Jeffer
son college, Cannonsburg, Pa. He died
July 20, 1853, in Pittsburg, Pa.
BROWN, MILTON, congressman, was
born in Ohio. He removed to Tennessee;
and was elected a representative in con
gress from that state from 1841 to 1847.
BROWN. MILTON, lawyer, legislator,
was born May 12, 1854, in Raysville, Ind.
He received his education in the common
schools of Indiana and at Knightstown
academy. During 1876-80 he was deputy
recorder and recorder; and the four suc
ceeding years was clerk of the circuit
court in Indiana. During 1892-96 he served
in the Kansas legislature as state senator
with distinction. He is one of the fore
most lawyers of Kansas; was vice-presi
dent of the Medico-Legal congress; and a
member of the committee of the Ameri
can Bar association for the uniformity of
land and code revision.
BROWN, MORGAN W., jurist, was born
in Tennessee. In 1834 he was appointed
United States judge for the district com
prising that state.
BROWN, NATHAN W., soldier, was
born Jan. 15, 1819, in Brownsville, N. Y.
He entered the service as paymaster in
1849; was made assistant paymaster-gen
eral with the rank of colonel in 1866; and
in 1880 was appointed paymaster-general
with the rank of brigadier-general.
BROWN, NEILL S., soldier, legislator,
governor, was born July, 1810, in Giles
county, Tenn. He was a volunteer in the
Florida war of 1836-37. In 1842 he was
elected a representative in the Tennessee
legislature, serving two years; in 1844
was a presidential elector; in 1847 was
the candidate of the whig party for gov
ernor of Tennessee, and was elected. In
1850 he was appointed minister to Russia,
serving four years. In 1855 he was elect
ed to the Tennessee legislature, and be
came speaker of the house. He died Jan
uary, 1886, in Nashville, Tenn.
BROWN, NICHOLAS, philanthropist,
was born April 4, 1769, in Providence, R. I.
In honor of Nicholas Brown and in recog
nition of his gifts, amounting nearly to
$100,000, Rhode Island college changed its
name to Brown university. He afterward
gave two buildings to the university.
He died Sept. 27, 1841.
BROWN, OBADIAH, merchant, phil
anthropist, was born July 15, 1771, in
Providence, R. I. His benefactions were
extended to worthy enterprises in all
Christian bodies, although his principal
donations were to the Friends' boarding-
school, founded by his father, to which
he left $100,000 by his will, to form a
permanent charitable fund. He died Oct.
15, 1822, in Providence, R. I.
BROWN, OLIVER HUFF, merchant,
was born Dec. 12, 1852, in Farmingdale,
N. J. He established a house furnishing
business in Spring Lake Beach, which is
one of the largest of its kind on the New
Jersey coast. He is a director of the
Spring Lake and Sea Girt Land and Im
provement company, and the Deal Beach
Land company.
BROWN, OLYMPIA, minister, lecturer,
was born Jan. 5, 1835, in Prairie Ronde,
Mich. Entering the Universalist Theo
logical school at Canton, N. Y., she was
graduated and ordained in 1863, and in
1864 was installed as pastor of a church
in Weymouth, Mass. In 1869 she became
pastor of a church in Bridgeport, Conn.,
and afterward married Henry Willis. She
has since been pastor of churches in the
west, lectures frequently, and became
president of the Wisconsin Woman Suf
frage association.
BROWN, OREN BRITT, lawyer, jurist,
was born June 22, 1853, in New Orleans
county, N. Y. He received his educa
tion at the Denison university of Gran-
ville, Ohio; and the Princeton college,
New Jersey. Since 1878 he has been en
gaged in the practice of law, and i3 one
of the foremost lawyers of Ohio at Day
ton, where he is a judge of the city
police court; and has filled various pub
lic offices of honor.
BROWN, ORVON GRAFF, educator,
college president, was born July 1, 1863,
in Greensburg, Pa. In 1882 he was elect
ed professor of science in the Cincinnati
Wesleyan college; and in 1885 was elect
ed president of Twin Valley college, which
he named from its location in the Twin
Valley.
BROWN, PHILIP SHELLEY, lawyer,
was born Oct. 14, 1833, in Bedford coun
ty, Pa. He engaged in the practice of
law in Kansas City, Mo., and retained for
years a prominent position at the bar.
BROWN, MRS. PHOEBE (HINSDALB),
hymn writer, was born in 1783, in Canaan,
N. Y. She was a hymn writer remembered
for her popular religious lyric, I Love to
Steal Awhile Away. She died Oct. 10,
1861, in Henry, 111.
BROWN, ROBERT, soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 1745 in
Northampton county, Pa. He was ap
pointed at the beginning of the revolu
tion an officer in the Pennsylvania flying
camp, and was made prisoner on Long
island. He was made brigadier-general
of the state militia, filled several civil
stations, and was a member of the state
senate for some time. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Pennsylvania
in 1798-1815. He died Feb. 26, 1823, In
Northampton, Pa.
BROWN, ROBERT C., merchant, was
born in Cohocton, N. Y. He is a member
of the Owl Cigar company of New York
and Florida, and has been trustee of the
Mercantile Benefit association, and of the
Excelsior Savings bank.
BROWN, SAMUEL, physician, was born
Jan. 30, 1769, in Rockbridge county, Va.
From 1819 till 1825 he was professor of
the theory and practice of medicine at
Transylvania university, Lexington, Ky.
In medical practice Dr. Brown was instru
mental in introducing in the United
States the process of lithotrity shortly
after its first successful application by
French surgeons. He established a medi
cal society in Lexington, and framed for
it a code of medical ethics. This body, at
first a secret society, was the original of
the medical associations of Philadelphia,
New York and Baltimore. He died Jan.
12, 1830, in Alabama.
160
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BROWN, SAMUEL OILMAN, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Jan. 4, 1813, in North Yarmouth, Maine.
He was a congregational clergyman and
president of Hamilton college in 1867-81.
He was the author of Biography of Self-
Taught Men; and Life of Rufus Choate.
He died in 1885.
BROWN, SAMUEL R., soldier, author,
was born in 1775. He was a volunteer
during the war of 1812. He was the author
of A View of the Campaigns of the North
western Army; and History of the War
of 1812, in two volumes. He died Sept. 15,
1817, in Cherry Valley.
BROWN, SAMUEL SMITH, soldier,
merchant, was born Dec. 15, 1842, in Pitt,
Pa. He studied at different normal schools
and at Jefferson college in Canonsburg,
Pa.; and then enlisted in the union army
as a member of the tenth Pennsylvania
reserves, serving through the early part
of the war in the army of the Potomac.
He is the owner of valuable coal lands.
BROWN, SETH W., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 4, 1843, in
Waynesville, Ohio. He was a member of
company H, seventy-
ninth Ohio volunteer
infantry. He was
elected prosecuting
attorney for Warren
county in 1880 and
re-elected in 1882.
He was elected a
representative in the
general assembly in
1883 and re-elected
in 1885, being a
member of the
finance committee of
the house for four years and chairman of
that committee during his second term.
He was chosen presidential elector on the
Harrison ticket in 1888 and was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
BROWN, SOLYMAN, author, was born
Nov. 17, 1790, in Litchfield, Conn. He
published an essay on American poetry,
together with some miscellanies; and
Dental Hygeia, a poem on the general
laws of health. He was co-editor of the
Journal of Dental Science. He died about
1865 in New York.
BROWN, TARLETON, soldier of the
revolution, was born in 1754 in Barnwell
district, S. C. He served through the war
of independence, attaining the rank of
captain. His Memoirs, with notes by
Charles J. Bushnell, contain Interesting
and original information in relation to
the events of his time in the Carolinas.
He died in 1846.
BROWN, THERON, clergyman, author,
poet, was born April 29, 1832, in Willi-
mantic. Conn. For ten years he was a
clergyman of the baptist church in Bos
ton, Mass. For over a quarter of a cen
tury he has been one of the editors of the
Youth's Companion. He has written a
number of books for young people, the
most notable of which are The Blount
Family; and Walter Neil's Example. He
is also the author of a collection of poems
entitled Life Songs.
BROWN, THOMAS, statesman. He was
governor of Florida from 1849 to 1853.
BROWN, THOMAS, naval officer, was
born in Delaware. He entered the service
as midshipman in 1801, was promoted a
lieutenant in 1807. master in 1815, and
captain in 1825. He commanded the
schooner Gov. Tompkins in several en
gagements with the enemy on Lake On
tario in 1814. In 1819-21 he commanded
the ship Peacock In the Mediterranean.
He died Nov. 28, 1828, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BROWN, THOMAS, colonial author,
was born about 1740. He was a resident
of Charlestown, Mass. In 1757 he was
captured by the Indians, after being
wounded in an engagement between the
French and English. He was held in
captivity for nearly four years, and then
returned to his father's house. The nar
rative of his adventures, written by him
self, is perhaps the rarest of American
books of its class.
BROWN, THOMAS, lawyer, journalist,
was born about 1819 in Ohio. He took a
prominent part in the free-soil movement
of 1848, and in 1850 abandoned the pro
fession of law, and, in connection with
Col. John C. Vaughn, established the True
Democrat, the free-soil organ of northern
Ohio. In 1853 he withdrew from that
paper, which, in the course of the next
year, became the Cleveland Leader, and
established the Ohio Farmer. He died
June 13, 1867, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BROWN, THOMAS EDWIN, clergyman,
author, was born in 1841 in District of
Columbia. He is a baptist clergyman of
Rochester, N. Y.; and the author of Stud
ies in Modern Socialism and Labor Prob
lems.
BROWN, THOMAS H., manufacturer,
public official, was born April 3, 1839, in
Milwaukee, Wis. He was mayor of Mil
waukee, Wis., from 1880 to 1884. His
business is that of carriage manufacturer.
He made an unsuccessful run on the re
publican ticket for congress.
BROWN, THOMAS S., lawyer, author,
was born June 5, 1852, in Zanesfield, Ohio.
In 1873 he graduated from the Earlham
college of Richmond, Ind.; and was ad
mitted to the bar in 1881. He practiced
law in Bellefontaine, Ohio, until 1889,
when he moved to Topeka, Kan. In 1893
he continued his law practice in Kansas
City, Mo., giving special attention to pat
ent law and law of municipal bonds. He
is the author of a number of articles and
papers on Tariff and other economic and
legal questions; and many poems of rare
merit have emanated from his pen.
BROWN, THOMPSON S., civil engin
eer, was born in 1807 in Brownsville,
N. Y. He was chief engineer of the New
York and Erie railroad in 1838-42, and
subsequently employed as consulting en
gineer of the St. Petersburg and Moscow
railroad in Russia. He died Jan. 30, 1855,
in Naples, Italy.
BROWN, THURLOW WEED, journal
ist, author. He was a Wisconsin journal
ist prominent as a temperance advocate;
and the author of Why I Am a Temper
ance Man; Minnie Hermon, the Land
lord's Daughter; and Temperance Tales.
He died May 4, 1866, in Fort Atkinson,
Wis.
BROWN, TITUS, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born "in 1786 in Che
shire county, N. H. He was a member of
the legislature of New Hampshire from
1820 to 1825; and was elected a repre
sentative in congress from New Hamp
shire from 1825 to 1829. In 1842 he was
elected to the state senate and made
president. He died Jan. 31, 1849, in Fran-
cistown, N. H.
BROWN, WALTER L., merchant, state
senator, was born Sept. 5, 1845, in Carlisle,
N. Y. For twenty years he conducted a
hardware store in Oneonta, N. Y., cover
ing a whole block, and was the largest of
its kind in his county. For a number of
years he has been first lieutenant in the
New York state guards; was president
of the town board; and during 1888-91
served with distinction in the New York
state assembly; and subsequently was
elected to the state senate.
BROWN, WILL GAY, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born April 8, 1867, in Warrick.
Ga. He has attained success as one of the
foremost lawyers of Alabama at Cullman;
and in 1896 was elected a member of the
state senate of the Alabama legislature
for a term of four years.
BROWN, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Frederick county, Va. He was a
representative in congress from Kentucky
from 1819 to 1823.
BROWN, WILLIAM G., lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born Sept. 25,
1801, in Preston county, Va. In 1832 he
was elected to the
legislature of Vir
ginia; served again
in that capacity from
1840 to 1843; and
was a representative
in congress from
Virginia from 1845
to 1849. In 1850 he
was a member of the
Virginia state con
vention; in 1860 a
delegate to the Char
leston convention,
and also to that held in Baltimore; and
was also a delegate to the Virginia con
vention of 1861, and opposed the action of
the secessionists. On his return home he
was elected a representative to the thirty-
seventh congress; and in 1863 was re-
elected to the thirty-eighth congress as a
representative from West Virginia.
BROWN, WILLIAM HILL, poet, was
born in 1766. He wrote a tragedy, found
ed on the death of Major John Andrfe,
and a comedy. His Ira and Isabella was
published in 1807. He died Sept. 10, 1793,
in Murfreesborough, N. C.
BROWN, WILLIAM J., journalist, pub
lic official, congressman, was born in 1805
in Kentucky. He was at one time secre
tary of state for Indiana, and a member of
the state legislature; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Indiana from
184S to 1845, and again from 1849 to 1851.
He was assistant postmaster-general
under President Polk. He was editor of
the Indiana Sentinel; state librarian of
Indiana; and. at the time of his death
special agent of the post office department
for Indiana and Illinois. He died March
18, 1857, in Indianapolis, Ind.
BROWN, WILLIAM KING, educator,
lawyer, was born June 28, 1865, near Red
Springs, N. C. He received his education
at the university of North Carolina and
the university of Nashville. For many
years he was engaged in educational work
as principal of the high school of Bur
lington, Ala.; and as instructor in the
Centennial graded school of Raleigh, N. C.
He has attained prominence as one of
Alabama's ablest lawyers; and has an ex
tensive practice in Birmingham.
BROWN, WILLIAM MASON, landscape
painter, was born Sept. 14, 1826, in Troy,
N. Y. He received his education in the
Lancasterian school
of Troy, N. Y. At
the age of twenty-
five he began the
study of art, and has
attained eminence as
a painter of land
scapes and still life.
His paintings have
been exhibited in the
various expositions
for the past quarter
of a century; and he
has received numer
ous awards. His studio is in Brooklyn,
N. Y., In which city he Is an honored
member of the various art institutes.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
161
BROWN, WILLIAM R., lawyer, jurist,
(•ongressman, was born July 16, 1849, in
Buffalo, N. Y. He became a lawyer, and
settled in Kansas in 1862. He was elected
judge of the ninth judicial district of Kan
sas in 1867; re-elected in 1872; and in
1874 was elected a representative from
Kansas to the forty-fourth congress as a
republican. In 1892 he located in El Reno,
Okla. ; and in 1894 was elected judge of
the probate court.
BROWN, WILLIAM WALLACE, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born April
22, 1836, in Summerhill, N. Y. He enlisted
in the union army for a three-years'
term; and served with gallantry until the
close of the war. He was elected district
attorney in 1866. He was a representative
in the state legislature from 1872 to
1876; was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-eighth con
gress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth congress as a republican.
BROWN, WOLSTON RICHMOND,
banker, lawyer, was born Oct. 6, 1860, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1886 he was elected to
the city council of Passaic, N. J., and
served two terms: in 1889 was appointed
supreme court commissioner; in 1891 was
elected mayor, and re-elected in 1893.
BROWN, YARDLEY T.. journalist,
poet, was born July 13, 1852, near Win
chester, Va. For nearly a quarter of a
century he has been the editor and own
er of The Telephone of Loudon, Va.
BROWNE, CAUSTEN, lawyer, author,
was born in 1828 in the District of Colum
bia. He is a lawyer of Boston; and the
author of Treatise on the Construction
of the Statute of Frauds.
BROWNE, CHARLES FARRAR, au
thor, was born April 26, 1834, in Water-
ford, Maine. He was a very genuine
though grotesque humorist, whose satire
is invariably good-natured and whose
humor is based on shrewd sense. While
a printer in the office of The Plaindealer,
in Cleveland, he began publishing his
series of letters from Artemus Ward,
Showman. Later he became known as a
popular humorous lecturer, and was lec
turing in England with success at the time
of his death. He was the author of Artemus
Ward: His Book; Artemus Ward Among
the Mormons; Artemus Ward in London;
Artemus Ward: His Travels; and Ar
temus Ward's Lecture at Egyptian Hall.
He died March 6, 1867, in Southampton,
England.
BROWNE, FRANCIS FISHER, journal
ist, author, poet, was born Dec. 1, 1843, in
Windham county, Vt. He is a son of
William Goldsmith
Browne, the author
of the popular poem,
A Hundred Years to
Come, and the pro
prietor of The
Journal of Chicopee,
Mass. He served
through the civil
war in the forty-
sixth regiment Mas
sachusetts v o 1 u n-
teers. He studied
law; edited The
Lakeside Monthly of Chicago during 1869-
74; was afterward literary editor of The
Alliance; and in 1880 founded The Dial,
of which he is still editor and chief own
er. His principal works are Golden
Poems by British and American Authors;
Bugle Echoes; Laurel Crown; and a
volume of his own poems entitled Volun
teer Grain. The Everyday Life of Abra
ham Lincoln, from his pen, Is a valuable
acquisition to historical literature.
11
BROWNE, FRANK J., lawyer, edu
cator, was born in 1860, in Eaton, Ohio.
He is a noted educator, and in 1896 became
superintendent of public instruction for
the state of Washington at Olympla.
BROWNE, GEORGE H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1818 in Gloucester,
R. I. He was elected to both the charter
and suffrage legislatures of his state in
3842; and was again elected to the Rhode
Island legislature, and re-elected until
1852. In 1852 he was appointed United
States attorney for Rhode Island, which
office he held until elected a representa
tive from Rhode Island to the thirty-
seventh congress.
BROWNE, GEORGE WALDO, lecturer,
author, poet, was born Oct. 8, 1851, in
Deerfield, N. H. He is the author of A
Daughter of Maryland; Civil and Po
litical History of Manchester; Sent to
Siberia; Lights and Shades of Russian
Life; Captain of Honor; and Legends
and Folklore of the Land of the Granite
Hills. He is also the author of a volume
of poems entitled Plain Poems of Heart
and Home; has contributed poems to
various standard collections; and is a
popular writer of Manchester, N. H.
BROWNE. HAMILTON, railroad presi
dent, was born Aug. 14, 1844, in New
York Mills, N. Y. He is the president of
the Boone Valley Coal and Railway com
pany at Boone, Iowa.
BROWNE. IRVING, lawyer, author, was
born Sept. 14, 1835, in Marshall, N. Y.
He is the author of Humorous Phases of
the Law; Short Studies of Great Lawyers;
Judicial Interpretation of Common Words
and Phrases; Law and Lawyers in Liter
ature; Iconoclasm and Whitewash; The
Character of the Nurse's Deceased Hus
band in Romeo and Juliet; Our Best So
ciety, a comedy; and The Elements of
Criminal Law.
BROWNE, JEFFERSON B., lawyer,
lieutenant-governor, was born in Key
West, Fla. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of the south at Key West,
Fla.; was lieutenant-governor of Flor
ida in 1891; and during 1893-97 was
collector of the port of Key West.
BROWNE, JOHN MILLS, surgeon', was
born May 10, 1831, in Hinsdale, N. H.
He entered the United States navy as an
assistant surgeon in 1853. In 1855-56 he
participated in the Indian war on Puget
sound, and subsequently he took part in
the survey of the northwest boundary.
BROWNE, JOHN ROSS, traveler, au
thor, was born in 1817 in Ireland. He was
a writer of amusing travels, illustrated
by original drawings. He is the author
of An American Family in Germany; Yu-
sef, a Crusade in the East; Land of Thor,
a volume of Icelandic experiences; Etch
ings of a Whaling Voyage; Crusoe's
Island; and Adventures in the Apache
Country. He died Dec. 9, 1875, in Oak
land, Cal.
BROWNE, JUNIUS HENRI, journalist,
author, was born in 1833 in New York.
He is a journalist of New York city; and
the author of Four Years in Secessia;
The Great Metropolis, a Memoir of New
York; and Light and Sensations in
Europe.
BROWNE, MARIA J. B., educator,
translator, author, was born in North
ampton, Mass. She has published Mar
garet; Laura Huntley; and Story of a
Western Sunday School; and translated
into Spanish The Borrowed Bible, written
by her sister; and two other small vol
umes. She translated from the Spanish
A History of Granada, by Jos6 Francisco
de Luque.
BROWNE, MARY FRANK, author, was
born Sept. 9, 1835, in Warsaw, N. Y. Mrs.
Browne is the president of the San Fran
cisco Presbyterian orphanage and farm;
and the author of several works.
BROWNE, SAMUEL BARNETT, jour
nalist, lawyer, was born Sept. 18, 1844, in
Mt. Vernon. Ala. He served in the con
federate army; lost
his right foot at
Frazier's Farm;
again entered the
army as a cavalry
man; and was rec
ommended as major
by Gen. Robert E.
Lee for distinguished
valor on the battle
field. In 1868 he was
admitted to the bar;
subsequently he re
sided in Calvert,
Texas, and became editor of the Central
Texan. He again returned to Mobile.
Ala., where he has become distinguished
especially in criminal law, and is known
as one of the most eminent lawyers of the
Alabama bar.
BROWNE, SAMUEL J., clergyman,
philanthropist, was born March 19,
1788, in England. He became a min
ister of the United Brethren, but
parted with them on the question of
secret societies, and joined the presbytery
of Cincinnati about 1868. He accumu
lated a large fortune by the rise of real
estate in that city, and bequeathed |150,-
000 for the establishment of a university
to bear his name, also land whereon to
erect the building, and an endowment for
professorships. He left other sums for
the building of a church and for the es
tablishment of a free school in Cincinnati.
He died Sept. 10, 1872, in Harrison Junc
tion, Ohio.
BROWNE, SARA H., author, was born
in Sunderland, Mass. She has published
The Book for the Eldest Daughter; The
Borrowed Bible; Philip Alderton; Mag
gie Menealy; and other volumes for the
young; also A Manual of Commerce; and
magazine articles in prose and poetry.
BROWNE, THOMAS H. BAYLY, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born in
1844 at Accomack, Va. He volunteered as
a private in company F, thirty-ninth regi
ment Virginia infantry; afterward served
as a private in Chew's battery of the
Stuart horse artillery; and was surren
dered with the army of northern Virginia
in April, 1865. In 1873 he was elected at
torney for the commonwealth of Acco
mack county; was presidential elector on
the Elaine ticket in 1884; was elected
to the fiftieth congress, and was re-elected
to the fifty-first congress as a republican.
BROWNE, THOMAS M., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born April 19, 1829,
in New Paris, Ohio. He was prosecuting
attorney for the thirteenth judicial cir
cuit of the state of Indiana from 1855 to
1861 ; was secretary of the state sen
ate in 1861, and a state senator in 1863.
He entered the union army as lieutenant-
colonel, during the war of the rebellion,
and was promoted to the rank of colonel
and brevet brigadier-general. He was
United States attorney for the district of
Indiana from 1869 to 1872; and was an
unsuccessful candidate for governor of
the state in 1872. He was elected a repre
sentative from Indiana to the forty-fifth,
forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth,
forty-ninth, fiftieth, and fifty-first con
gresses as a republican.
162
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BROWNE, WILLIAM HAND, author,
was born Dec. 31, 1828, in Baltimore, Md.
He is an historical writer of Baltimore
who, besides assisting Scharf and other
writers, has also written Maryland, the
History of a Palatinate; and George Cal-
vert and Cecilius Calvert, Barons Balti
more.
BROWNE, WILLIAM HARDCASTLE,
lawyer, author, was born in 1840 in Penn
sylvania. He is a lawyer of Philadelphia;
and the author of Digest of the Law of
Divorce and Alimony in the United States;
Famous Women of History; and Bible
Heroes.
BROWNELL, CHAUNCEY W., lawyer,
statesman, was born Oct. 7, 1847, in Wil-
liston, Vt. He is a successful lawyer of
Burlington, Vt.; and since 1890 has been
secretary of state.
BROWNELL, HENRY HOWARD, sol
dier, author, poet, was born Feb. 6, 1820,
in Providence, R. I. He served in the civil
war as ensign under Farragut, and was
present in the two engagements described
in his famous battle poems, The Bay
Fight, and The River Fight, which rank
among the finest verses of their kind. He
was the author of Poems; People's Book
of Ancient and Modern History; Discov
erers of North and South America; Lyrics
of a Day; and War Lyrics. He died Oct.
31, 1872, in East Hartford, Conn.
BROWNELL, SEYMOUR, soldier, busi
ness man, state senator, was born Feb. 27,
1837, in Farmington, Mich. During 1858-
61 he was postmaster of Utica, Mich.;
raised company H, second Michigan cav
alry; served on the staffs of several gen
erals; and was brevetted colonel for
meritorious services. He was the pro
moter and one of the directors of the De
troit and Bay City railroad, and in 1872
built the first thirty miles of that road.
In 1872 he was a member of the Michigan
state senate; and was a delegate to the
democratic national convention of 1868.
In 1884 he engaged in iron mining, with
headquarters in Detroit. He was the pro
moter of the Grand River Electric rail
way, of which he is managing director
and one of the principal owners.
BROWNELL, THOMAS CHURCH,
bishop, author, was born Oct. 19, 1779, in
Westport, Mass. He was the third pro-
testant episcopal
bishop of Connecti
cut; and the author
of Family Prayer
Book; Commentary
on the Prayer Book;
Youthful Christian's
Guide; Consolation
for the Afflicted;
Christian's Walk and
('(insolation; and Re
ligion of Heart and
Life. Many other re
ligious works also
appeared from his pen. He died Jan. 13,
1865, in Hartford, Conn.
BROWNELL. WALTER A., educator,
was born March 23, 1838, in Evans Mills,
N. Y. In 1881 he was professor of miner
alogy in the vacation summer school for
teachers at Martha's Vineyard, Mass. He
has held professorships in the Syracuse
high school; Red Creek seminary; Ful
ton seminary, and many other prominent
colleges.
BROWNELL, WILLIAM CRARY, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1851 in New
York. He is a New York journalist and
critic; and the author of Newport; French
Art; Classic and Contemporary Painting
and Sculpture; and French Traits: an
essay in Comparative Criticism.
BROWNING, J. HULL, railroad presi
dent, was born Dec. 25, 1841, in Orange,
N. J. Since 1887 he has been president
of the Northern railroad of New Jersey.
BROWNING, ORVILLE HICKMAN,
lawyer, statesman, was born in 1810 in
Harrison county, Ky. He served through
the Black Hawk war in 1832; in 1836 was
elected a senator in the Illinois legisla
ture; and in 1861 was appointed a senator
in congress to fill the vacancy. He died
Aug. 10, 1881, in Quincy, 111.
BROWNLEE, WILLIAM CRAIG, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1784 in Scot
land. In 1826 he was installed as one of
the ministers of the Collegiate Reformed
Dutch church in New York. He edited the
Dutch Church Magazine through four con
secutive volumes, and published Inquiry
into the Principles of the Quakers; The
Roman Catholic Controversy; Treatise on
Popery; Lights and Shadows of Chris
tian Life; The Christian Youths' Book;
Christian Father at Home; Deity of
Christ; History of the Western Apostolic
Church; The Converted Murderer; and
The Whigs of Scotland, a romance, be
sides several pamphlets. He died Feb. 10,
1860, in New York city.
BROWNLEE, WILLIAM R., journalist,
state senator, was born Oct. 14, 1846, in
Coitsville, Ohio. In 1880 he was nomin
ated and elected state senator to the In
diana legislature.
BROWNLOW, WALTER PRESTON,
journalist, congressman, was born March
27, 1851, in Abingdon, Va. In 1876 he
purchased the Herald
and Tribune, a re
publican newspaper,
published at Jones-
boro, of which he
has been the editor
and proprietor since.
In 1882 he was elect
ed a member of the
republican state
committee and
served as a member
of said committee
for eight years, two
of which he was its chairman. He was
appointed postmaster at Jonesboro in
1881. He was a delegate from the state at
large to the republican national conven
tion of 1884, and favored the nomination
of James G. Blaine; and was unanimously
selected at that time by the delegation
from his state as Tennessee's member of
the national committee. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a protection
ist republican.
BROWNLOW, WILLIAM GANNAWAY,
clergyman, journalist, governor, author,
was born Aug. 29, 1805, in Wythe county,
Va. He was a meth-
odist preacher and
journalist of Knox-
ville, Tenn.; con
spicuous for his
fidelity to the union
during the civil war;
and known as' Par-
son Brownlow. At
the close of the war
he served two terms
as governor of his
state. He was the
author of The Iron
Wheel Examined and Its False Spokes
Extracted, a reply to attacks upon
methodism; Ought American Slavery to
Be Perpetuated; and Sketches of the Rise,
Progress, and Decline of Secession. He
died April 29, 1877, in Knoxville, Tenn.
BROWNSCOMBE, JENNIE, artist, was
born Dec. 10, 1850, near Honesdale, Pa.
She has devoted her studies mainly to
genre figure painting, and has made a
large number of portraits. Her most
widely known pictures are Grandmother's
Treasures; Blossom Time; The Glean
ers; and Sunday Morning in Sleepy Hol
low. She has exhibited pictures in the
Academy of Design in New York city;
and her pictures have been reproduced in
etchings and engravings.
BROWNSON, HENRY F., soldier, law
yer, author, was born Aug. 7, 1835, in
Canton, Mass. He was educated at the
college of the Holy Cross, and the univer
sity of Munich. He served as lieutenant,
captain and major in the United States
army for ten years. He is a successful
lawyer of Detroit, Mich.; and the author
of several works.
BROWNSON, JAMES I., clergyman, au
thor, was born March 14, 1817, in Mercers-
burg, Pa. He has been pastor of the pres-
byterian church at Washington, Pa., since
1849; and since 1852 has been connected
with the Washington college as trustee
and president of board of trustees. He has
published Memorials of the Rev. Dr.
David Elliott and the Rev. Dr. Charles C.
Beatty, and various historical addresses
and sketches.
BROWNSON, NATHAN, physician,
statesman. He was a member of the pro
vincial congress in 1775; was for some
time a surgeon in the army; and speaker
of the legislature of 1781, by which body
he was chosen governor of Georgia. He
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1776 to 1778; speaker of the Georgia
house of representatives in 1788; presi
dent of the senate from 1789 to 1791; and
in 1789 was a member of the convention
that framed the state constitution. He
died Nov. 6, 1796, in Liberty county, Ga.
BROWNSON, ORESTES AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 16,
1803, in Stockbridge, Vt. He was a promi-
n e n t philosophical
^^^^^^^^^^^^ thinker who in early
^^^^^^•t— life was successively
a presbyterian, a
universalist clergy
man, a socialist
leader associated
with Robert Owen,
and a Unitarian cler
gyman, as well as an
able political speak
er at all times. In
1844 he became a
Roman Catholic, and
in Brownson's Review, from that date
until 1864, he ably defended the Roman
Catholic faith from the standpoint of a
liberal. His philosophy is more or less
influenced by the thought of Cousin. He
is the author of New Views of Chris
tianity, Society, and the Church; Charles
Elwood, or the Infidel Converted (1840), a
more or less autobiographic novel; Leaves
from My Experience; Essays and Re
views; The Spirit-Rapper, an autobiog
raphy; The American Republic, a work
on political ethics; and Conversations on
Liberalism. He died April 17, 1876, in De
troit, Mich.
BRUBACK, THEODORE, railroad pres
ident, was born March 7, 1851, in Pitts-
burg, Pa. He was elected president and
manager of the San Pete Valley railroad
in 1888, which position he still holds. He
is organizer and president of the Marion
Gold Mining Co., and vice-president and
general manager of the Gold Belt Water
company of Salt Lake City, Utah.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
163
BRUCE, ALEXANDER CAMPBELL,
architect, was born March 16, 1835, in
Fredericksburg, Va. He has designed a
number of court houses and public build
ings in Knoxville, Teun., prominent
among them the Chattanooga courthouse.
The finest buildings in Atlanta were de
signed by him, among them the Techno
logical institute, Kiser law construction,
high school and county courthouse.
BRUCE, ARCHIBALD, physician, edu
cator, was born in February, 1777, in New
York. In 1807 he was appointed professor
of materia medica and mineralogy in
the College of Physicians and Surgeons,
being the first to fill such a chair in the
United States. After 1812 he filled the
same chair in Queen's, now Rutgers, col
lege, New Jersey. He projected the Amer
ican Mineralogical Journal in 1810, and
edited it until 1814. His chemical analysis
of native magnesia from New Jersey made
known to science the mineral now called
after him, Brucite. He died Feb. 22, 1818,
in New York.
BRUCE, BLANCHE K., statesman, was
born of slave parents March 1, 1841, in
Prince Edward county, Va. He received a
limited education; and became a planter
in Mississippi in 1869. He was a member
of the Mississippi levee board, and sheriff
and tax collector of Bolivar county from
1872 until his election to the United States
senate in 1875, as a republican. For many
years he was register of the treasury at
Washington, D. C., and was filling that
position when he died in 1898.
BRUCE, DWIGHT HALL, journalist,
author, was born June 21, 1834, in Lenox.
N. Y. He became the managing editor of
the Oswego Times; and in 1869 he be
came part owner and editor of the Syra
cuse Journal. He is the author of The
Memorial History of the City of Syra
cuse.
BRUCE, GEORGE, typefounder, was
born July 5, 1781, in Scotland. In 1812
David went to England and brought back
the secret of stereotyping. The brothers
introduced this process in New York, be
ing compelled to cast their own type, so as
to give it a deeper shoulder. They in
vented various appliances to aid in stereo
typing, and in 1816 gave up publishing
to start a type foundry. George gave his
attention to type founding, David his to
stereotyping. In this trade he made repu
tation and a fortune. With his nephew.
David Bruce, Jr., he invented the only
type-casting machine that has stood the
test of time, and brought out many new
and beautiful styles of letters. He died
July 6, 1866, in New York city.
BRUCE, GEORGE WASHINGTON LE-
ROY, farmer, lecturer, was born July 6,
1852, in Resel county, Ala. He is promi
nent in the political affairs of Louisiana;
since 1892 has been state lecturer of the
Farmers' Alliance; and received the
nomination for governor on the populist
ticket in 1892. He has also attained suc
cess as a clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church south.
BRUCE, HENRY, naval officer, was
born Feb. 12, 1798, in Machias, Maine.
He was appointed to the navy as midship
man from Massachusetts in 1813, com
missioned commodore in 1862, and retired
in 1867.
BRUCE, JAMES, farmer, legislator,
was born Nov. 3, 1827, in Harrison county,
Ind. He was major commanding southern
battalion of the Oregon mounted volun
teers in 1855-56, and during the centen
nial in 1876 was one of the judges of
agricultural implements. He has twice
been a member of the house of represent
atives in the Oregon legislature.
BRUCE, JOHN, soldier, planter, jurist,
was born Feb. 16, 1832, in Scotland. He
entered the union army and served
throughout the war, rising to the rank of
colonel and brevet brigadier-general. He
settled in Alabama as a cotton planter,
and was a representative in the state
legislature in 1872 and 1874. In 1875 he
was appointed, by President Grant, United
States district judge for the district of
Alabama.
BRUCE, PHINEAS, congressman, was
born June 17, 1762. He was a member of
the Massachusetts legislature in 1792, 1793,
1796, and 1800, and was elected a repre
sentative in congress from Massachusetts
from 1803 to 1805. He died Oct. 4, 1809.
BRUCE, SANDERS DEWEES, soldier,
journalist, author, was born Aug. 16, 1825,
in Lexington, Ky. He served in the civil
war, and attained the rank of colonel.
He founded the widely known sporting
journal, Turf, Field and Farm, and is the
author of American Stud Book, and The
Thoroughbred Horse.
BRUCE, WALLACE, lecturer, author,
poet, was born Nov. 10, 1844, in Hillsdale,
N. Y. He is a poet and lecturer, and the
author of From the Hudson to the Yose-
mite; The Land of Burns; The Connecti
cut Daylight; in verse, The Hudson; Yo-
semite; Old Homestead Poems; Wayside
Poems; In Clover and Heather; and
Here's a Hand.
BRUCKER, FERDINAND, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Jan. 8, 1858, in
Bridgeport, Mich. He graduated from the
law department of the university of Mich
igan in the class of 1881; is a lawyer by
profession, and served as alderman of the
city of East Saginaw in 1882-84. He held
the office of judge of probate for Saginaw
county two terms, from 1888 to 1896; and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
BRUIN, PETER BRYAN, jurist. He
was appointed, in 1798, one of the first
United States judges for the territory of
Mississippi.
BRUMBAUGH, HENRY BOYER, bish
op, college president, was born April 1,
1836, in Huntingdon, Pa. He is president of
Brethren's Publishing company, and was
for many years president of Juniata col
lege; vice-president of Orphans' home, and
vice-president of Union National bank.
He is the bishop of his church and dean
of the biblical department of Juniata col
lege.
BRUMM, CHARLES N., soldier, con
gressman, was born June 9, 1838, in Potts-
ville, Pa. He enlisted in the union army
in 1861, and served
throughout the war,
being commissioned
an assistant-quarter
master and detailed
on staff duty. He
was an unsuccessful
candidate for a seat
in the forty-sixth
congress, and was
elected a representa
tive from Pennsyl
vania to the forty-
seventh, forty-
eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-fourth
and fifty-fifth congresses as a republican.
He was a prominent candidate for gov
ernor of Pennsylvania.
BRUNDIDGE, STEPHEN, congressman,
was born Jan. 1, 1857, in White county,
Ark. In 1886 he was elected prosecuting
attorney for the first judicial district of
Arkansas, and re-elected in 1888 without
opposition. Since 1890 he has served a
term as member of the democratic state
central committee of Arkansas, and was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
BRUNER, JOHN SIMEON, poet was
born Feb. 11, 1863, in Hope, Ind.; has
written extensively for the periodical
press, and his poems have appeared in
several standard works.
BRUNNER, DAVID B., educator, con
gressman, author, was born March 7,
1835, in Amity, Pa. In 1869 he was elected
county superintendent of the public
schools of the county, which office he filled
until 1875; taught private school until
1880, when he opened the Reading Busi
ness college, and has since been the prin
cipal of that institution. He is the author
of an elementary work on English Gram
mar and Analysis, and a work entitled
The Indians of Berks County, Pennsyl
vania. He has devoted much time to min
eralogy and microscopy, and has large col
lections of specimens in those depart
ments of science. He was elected to the
fifty-first congress, and re-elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat.
BRUNNER, JOHN HAMILTON, clergy
man, college president, was born March
2, 1825, in Greene county, Tenn. After
receiving his educa
tion at Greenville
and Tusculum col
lege, he entered the
ministry, and subse
quently became pres
ident of Hiawassee
college, Tennessee.
He is a fellow of the
society of science,
letters and art of
London, England,
and prominent in
educational affairs.
He has contributed valuable articles to
current literature on various educational
and religious topics that have been in
corporated into standard collections.
BRUNOT, FELIX R., business man,
philanthropist, was born Feb. 7, 1820.
Middle life found him a man of wealth,
and he projected, founded and for many
years served as president of the Mercan
tile library of Pittsburg, and is yet one
of .the managers of the Library hall of
Pittsburg, which originated with him.
BRUNS, JOHN DICKSON, surgeon,
poet, was born Feb. 24, 1836, in Charles
ton, S. C. During the civil war he was
surgeon of a general hospital of the con
federacy. In 1866 he was chosen pro
fessor of physiology and pathology in the
New Orleans school of medicine. His
poetical writings evince graceful versifi
cation and marked power of description.
He died May 20, 1883, in New Orleans, La.
BRUNSON, JOHN C., farmer, public
official, state legislator, was born July 20,
1822, in East Bloomfield, N. Y. He re
ceived an academic education; and since
1845 has lived in Victor, Mich. He has
attained success as a farmer and mer
chant; was justice of the peace for thir
ty-five years; postmaster for twenty-five
years, and for two years was a representa
tive in the Michigan state legislature.
BRUSE, JAMES E., lawyer, banker, was
born April 14, 1860, in Brooklyn, Iowa.
He has attained success as an able lawyer
in his native state; has been county at
torney, president of the Citizens' bank of
Anita, and takes a prominent part in pub
lic affairs.
BRUSH, ALEXANDER, manufacturer,
was born Feb. 8, 1824, in New York. In
1848, with his brother, he started in the
brick business, in which they prospered
and became the most extensive brick man
ufacturers in the western part of New-
York. He died June 1, 1892.
164
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BRUSH, ALFRED ERSKINE, lawyer,
was born Feb. 14, 1850. in Detroit, Mich.
The management and improvement of his
father's large estate give him ample em
ployment. The Hotel Ste. Claire, the
Lyceum theater and Detroit Driving club
are properties in which he is largely in
terested, as well as the Michigan Peninsu
lar Car company.
BRUSH, CHARLES FRANCIS, electri
cian, inventor, was born March 17, 1849, in
Euclid, Ohio. The Brush system was a
success from ftie
start. Mr. Brush is
a large owner in the
General Electric and
in several other
large corporations.
Among his inven
tions are the series
arc lamp, having a
shunt circuit of high
resistance, which
made lighting from
central stations prac
ticable; copper-plat
ed carbons, the automatic cut-out for arc
lights, the compound series shunt wind
ing for dynamos, the multiple carbon arc
lamp, and the fundamental storage bat
tery. Fierce litigation has taken place
over some of these inventions, but Dr.
Brush's patents have been, as a rule, fully
sustained. He is president of the Euclid
Avenue National bank of Cleveland, Ohio.
BRUSH. MRS. CONSTANCE (CHAP
LIN), artist, author, was born in 1842 in
Maine. She was an artist in water-colors
whose home was in Brooklyn. Her most
important book. The Colonel's Opera
Cloak, a novel, was first published anon
ymously. Her only other works are two
stories, Inside Our Gate; and One Sum
mer's Lessons in Perspective. She died in
1892.
BRUSH, GEORGE JARVIS, mineral
ogist, author, was born Dec. 15, 1831, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. Since 1857 he has been
identified with the Sheffield Scientific
school. He has published a Manual of
Determinative Mineralogy and has been
a constant contributor to the American
Journal of Science.
BRUSH, GEORGE WASHINGTON, sol
dier, physician, surgeon, state senator,
was born Oct. 4, 1842, in Huntington, N. Y.
. . . In 1861 he enlisted as
a private in the
forty-eighth r e g i -
ment, New York vol-
u n t e e r s ; served
throughout the war,
and attained the
rank of captain. He
received the congres
sional medal of
honor for conspicu
ous gallantry in an
engagement on the
Ashepee river i n
May, 1864. In 1876 he graduated from the
Long Island Medical college, and has
since practiced his profession in Brook
lyn. In 1894 he was elected a member of
the New York assembly, and in 1897 was
elected to the state senate.
BRUSH, HENRY, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1778 in Dutchess
county, N. Y. He was a representative in
congress from Ohio from 1819 to 1821,
and was a judge of the supreme court of
the state. He died Jan. 19, 1855.
BRUYN, ANDREW D. W., congress
man, was born in New York. He was
elected a representative in congress from
that state from 1837 to 1838. He died
July, 1838, In Ithaca, N. Y.
BRYAN, ANTHONY H., physician, ed
ucator, was born Aug. 22, 1832, in Monti-
cello, Ky. He accepted a professorship of
general pathology in the Evansville Medi
cal college in 1876. He has been a fre
quent contributor to the various medical
journals in the country, and his articles
are noted for singular clearness.
BRYAN, EDWARD KNIGHT, educator,
clergyman, was born in 1844, in Jamaica,
West Indies. He was principal of one of
the Houston city schools, principal of
the Texarkana city school; and in 1887-88
was chaplain of Mary Allan seminary. In
1887 he was ordained a clergyman of the
Presbyterian church, and has since filled
several important pastorates in Texas and
Arkansas.
BRYAN, GEORGE, jurist, state legis
lator, was born in 1731 in Dublin, Ireland.
He was a member of the Pennsylvania
state assembly, and in 1765 was a dele
gate to the stamp-act congress, in which,
and in the subsequent struggle, he took
an active part. He was vice-president of
the supreme executive council of Penn
sylvania from the period of the declara
tion of independence, and in May, 1778,
was advanced to the presidency. In 1779
he was elected to the legislature. He
was appointed a judge of the state su
preme court in 1780, and remained in
that office until his death. He died Jan.
27, 1791, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BRYAN, GEORGE S., jurist, was born
in Pennsylvania. He settled in Charles
ton, S. C., and in 1866 was appointed
United States judge for the district com
prising that state.
BRYAN, GUY M.. soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born June 12,
1821, in Missouri. He bore a part in the
military campaign of Texas in 1836; in
1847 was elected to the Texas legislature,
and served in the house and senate seven
years. He was elected a representative
from Texas to the thirty-fifth congress.
BRYAN, HENRY H., congressman, was
born in Martin county, N. C. He was a
representative in congress from Tennes
see from 1819 to 1823. He died May, 1835,
in Montgomery county, Tenn.
BRYAN, JOHN A., public official, was
born in Massachusetts. After holding a
clerkship in the general postoffice, he
was, in 1842, appointed second assistant
postmaster general, holding the position
about one year. A son of his was subse
quently connected with the postal service
of the empire of Japan.
BRYAN, JOHN H., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1798 in Newbern coun
ty, N. C. He served a number of years in
the state legislature; and was a member
of congress from North Carolina from
1825 to 1827.
BRYAN, JOSEPH, congressman, was
elected a representative in congress from
Georgia from 1803 to 1806.
BRYAN, JOSEPH H., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from ±815 to 1819.
BRYAN, MRS. MARY EDWARDS,
journalist, author, was born in 1846, in
Jefferson county, Fla. She is a journalist
and has written the novels Manch; Wild
Work, a story of the reconstruction pe
riod in Louisiana; The Bayou Bride; and
KHdee.
BRYAN, NATHAN, congressman, was
born in 1791, in Jones county, N. C. In
1791 he represented Jones county in the
house of commons; and was a member of
congress from North Carolina from 1795
to 1798. He died June 4, 1798, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
BRYAN, THOMAS BARBOUR, com
missioner, lawyer, was born Dec. 22, 1828,
in Alexandria, Va. He entered the prac
tice of law in Chicago. 111., and in 1893
was first vice-president of the World's
Columbian exposition.
BRYAN, THOMAS JEFFERSON, art
collector, was born about 1800 in Phila
delphia, Pa. He formed a valuable col
lection of paintings, which he bequeathed
to the New York historical society. His
favorite work was a beautiful face and
figure by Greuze. He died at sea May 15,
1870.
BRYAN, WILLIAM JENNINGS, law
yer, congressman, candidate for the pres
idency of the United States, was born
March iO, 1860, in Salem, 111. His boy
hood was passed on a farm near that
place, and he attended the public schools
for five years; he then took a course at
Whipple academy and completed his edu
cation by a four years' course at Illinois
college. As a student in the law office
of Lyman Trumbull, cnicago, he attended
the Union College of Law in Chicago till
June, 1883, when he removed to Jackson
ville, 111., and practiced law there for four
years. In Oct., 1887, he located in Lin
coln, Neb., and opened a law office. He
was elected to congress in 1890, and his
first speech gave him a national reputa
tion; he was re-elected in 1892, and his
speech on the repeal of the Sherman act
is considered a masterpiece on bimetal
lism. He was placed in nomination for
the presidency by the democratic, free
silver and populistic parties, in 1896, and
led a brilliant campaign. He is the au
thor of The First Battle; and A Story
of the Campaign of 1896.
BRYANT, EDWIN, pioueer, author, was
born in 1805 in Massachusetts. Before 1846
he was for some time a journalist in Ken
tucky. In the summer of that year, chief
ly with a view to traveling, he acted as
leader of a party of emigrants from Mis
souri to California. While various par
ties had gone overland to California since
1841, the large numbers and the critical
circumstances of this emigration gave it
much historical importance. He was the
author of What I Saw in California. He
died in 1869 in Louisville, Ky.
BRYANT, EDWIN EUSTACE, soldier,
state legislator, college dean, was born
Jan. 10, 1835, in Milton, Vt. In 1857 ue
moved to Wisconsin, and entered upon
the practice of law. In 1861 he entered
the union army as a volunteer; served
throughout the civil war, being succes
sively promoted an officer in line, staff
and field. From 1868 to 1872 he was
private and executive secretary to the
governor of Wisconsin; from 1876 to
1882 was adjutant general of Wisconsin;
in 1878 was elected a representative in
the Wisconsin legislature; and declined
a re-nomination. In 1885 he was ap
pointed assistant attorney general of the
United States for the postoffice depart
ment. Since 1889 he has been dean of
the college of law of the university of
Wisconsin.
BRYANT, GEORGE E., farmer, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born Feb. 11, 1832,
in Templeton, Mass. He received his ed
ucation in the Norwich university, Vt.
For eight years he was postmaster of
Madison, Wis. ; and six years quarter
master general of Wisconsin. In 1880 he
was a delegate to the republican national
convention, and was one of the 306 who
voted for U. S. Grant. He has filled the
high offices of judge, state senator, and
secretary of the board of agriculture.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
165
BRYANT, GRIDLEY, engineer, was
born in 1789 in Scituate, Mass. In 1823
he invented the portable derrick. He ob
tained the contract for building the
United States bank in Boston, and other
public buildings, and was master builder
and contractor to supply stone for Bunker
Hill monument. He died Jan. 13, 1867, in
Scituate, Mass.
BRYANT, JOEL, physician, author,
was born Nov. 10, 1813, in Suffolk county,
N. Y. He moved to Brooklyn in 1850,
and became quite prominent as a practi
tioner. He was the author of several trea
tises on homeopathy, the best of which
was The Pocket Manual, or Repertory of
Homeopathic Practice. He died Nov 20
1868, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BRYANT, JOHN HOWARD, farmer,
poet, was born July 22, 1807, in Cumming-
ton, Mass. He is the author of Poems;
and Poems Written from Youth to Old
Age.
BRYANT, NATHANIEL C., naval of
ficer, was born March 27, 1823, in Noble-
borough, Maine. He was appointed mid
shipman in the United States navy in
1837; and attained the rank of com
mander in 1862.
BRYANT, WILBUR FRANKLIN, law
yer, author, politician, was born March
21, 1851, in Dalton, N. H. In 1873 he grad
uated from Kimball
Union academy of
Meriden; and subse
quently attended
Dartmouth college.
He then entered ed
ucational work in
Mississippi. In 1876
he moved to Nebras-
ka, and a year later
was admitted to the
bar. He has prac
ticed his profession
in Nebraska at St.
Helena, where he was postmaster for
three years; and at West Point and Hart-
ington. In 1882 he was elected district
attorney for sixteen counties; for several
years he was judge of Cuming county;
and is now a member of Governor Hol-
conib's staff, with rank of colonel. He
was one of the founders of the people's
party in Nebraska, and has been a mem
ber of every state convention since its
foundation. He was a member of the bi
metallic congress of 1893; and is the state
president of the Catholic Knights of
America.
BRYANT, WILLIAM, clergyman, poet,
was born in 1850 in England. After re
ceiving his education he entered the min
istry, and since 1887 has been pastor of
the First Presbyterian church of Mar-
shalltown, Iowa. He has written numer
ous poems, many of which have appeared
in various hymn books ana the secular
and religious press generally.
BRYANT, WILLIAM CULLEN, poet,
was born Nov. 3, 1794, in Cummington,
Mass. He was a jour
nalist of New York.
He early began the
practice of law,
but soon abandoned
it for journalism
and, removing to
New York in 1825,
became in 1828 the
editor of the Even
ing Post, with which
he remained asso
ciated until his
death. His earliest
poem, The Embargo, a political satire,
was published when its author was but
thirteen, but the first collection of his
poems was not made until 1821, the fa
mous Thanatopsis being one of the eight
which the volume comprised. The
quantity of Bryant's verse is small, the
quality high, but not uniformly so. Its
tone is usually calmly philosophic, and
it rarely makes any very effective appeal
to the sympathies, its coldness arising
partly from lack of humor, partly from
natural reserve. He is the author of The
Embargo; The Spanish Revolution; The
Ages; The Fountain of Youth, and Other
Poems; The White-Footed Deer; The
Flood of Years; Thirty Poems; transla
tions of the Iliad and Odyssey, both in
unrhymed heroic pentameter; Letters of
a Traveler, a prose work; and Orations
and Addresses. He died June 12, 1878, in
New York.
BRYANT, WILLIAM McKENDREE,
educator, author, was born in 1843, in In
diana. He is a prominent educator of St.
Louis, and the author of Philosophy of
Landscape Painting; The World Energy
and its Self-Conservation; Syllabus of
Psychology; Ethics and the New Educa
tion; and Text Books of Psychology.
BRYANT, WILLIAM PERKINS, jurist,
was born Aug. 3, 1806, in Mercer county,
Ky. He was an early emigrant to Ore
gon when it was a territory; and in 1849
was appointed chief justice of the United
States court for that district. He died
Oct. 10, 3860.
BRYANT, WILLIAM W., educator, au
thor, poet, was born July 11, 1860, in
Breathitt county, Ky. For several years
he was engaged in educational work, and
in 1884 moved to Minnesota. In 1892 he
was elected commissioner of Cass county;
subsequently became treasurer and presi
dent of the board of education.
BRYCE, JAMES PATERSON, soldier,
designer, librarian, was born Dec. 19,
1832, in Lanark, Scotland. He com
menced life as a designer of patterns for
muslin, which he followed for ten years.
He entered the union army in 1861 and
was wounded the following year near
Rolla, Mo. In 1887 he became librarian of
the public library of Springfield, 111., and
has attained prominence as a cataloguer.
BRYCE, LLOYD S., journalist, con
gressman, author, was born Sept. 4, 1851,
in Flushing, N. Y. He was appointed pay
master-general of the state of New York
in 1886, and was elected to the fiftieth
congress as a democrat. During 1889-96
he was editor of the North American Re
view, and is the author of Paradise; A
Dream of Conquest; The Romance of an
Alter Ego; and Friends in Exile.
BRYDE. ARCHIBALD M., state sena
tor, congressman, was born in Moore
county, N. C. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1809 to
1813; and subsequently a member of the
state senate for two years.
BRYSON, ANDREW, naval officer, was
born July 22, 1822. in New York city.
He entered the navy as midshipman in
1837; was promoted lieutenant in 1851;
commander in 1862; captain in 1866; com
modore in 1873; and rear admiral in 1880,
with which rank he was retired in 1881.
Previous to his retirement, after forty-
three years of service, he was in com
mand of the South Atlantic station.
BRYSON, JOHN PAUL, educator, phy
sician, was born April 16, 1846, in Ma-
con, Miss. He is consulting physician of
the St. Louis hospital; surgeon of the St.
Louis Murphy hospital; and for fifteen
years professor of genito-urinary surgery
in the St. Louis Medical college.
BUCHANAN. ANDREW, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1835 to 1839.
BUCHANAN, FRANKLIN, naval offi
cer, was born Sept. 17, 1800, in Baltimore,
Md. In 1861 he entered the confederate
army as captain and for his services was
tendered a vote of thanks by the confed
erate congress, and appointed admiral
and senior officer of the confederate navy.
He died May 11, 1874, in Maryland.
BUCHANAN, HUGH, soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
Sept. 15, 1823, in Scotland. He was elect
ed to the state senate of Georgia in 1855,
and re-elected in 1857. He was a delegate
to the democratic national convention of
1856; was a presidential elector in 1860;
delegate to the democratic national con
vention of 1868; was a judge of the supe
rior court from 1872 until 1880. He was
a member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1877; and was elected a repre
sentative from Georgia to the forty-sev
enth and forty-eighth congresses.
BUCHANAN, JAMES, fifteenth presi
dent of the United States, was born April
22, 1791, in Franklin county, Pa. He
graduated at Dick
inson college in
1809, and was ad
mitted to the bar in
1812. He was elect
ed to the state legis
lature in 1814. In
1820 he was elected
representative t o
congress, and held
the office by re-elec
tions for ten years.
In 1831 he was ap
pointed envoy ex
traordinary and minister plenipotentiary
to Russia, and elected United States sena
tor in 1834. He was re-elected in 1840,
and continued a member of that body un
til 1845, when he was appointed secretary
of state, which office he held four years.
Mr. Buchanan was appointed minister to
England in 1853, and returned in April,
1856. June 2, 1856, the national demo
cratic convention met at Cincinnati to
nominate a candidate for the presidency.
On the first ballot James Buchanan re
ceived 135 votes; Franklin Pierce, 122;
Stephen Arnold Douglas, 33; Lewis Cass,
5. On the ninth ballot the vote stood:
Buchanan, 141; Pierce, 87; Douglas, 56;
Cass, 7. On the sixteenth ballot Buchan
an had 168; Douglas, 121. On the seven
teenth Buchanan was unanimously nomi
nated. John Cabell Breckenridge was
nominated for vice-president, and they
were elected the following autumn. They
were inaugurated March 4, 1857. At the
close of his presidential term he retired
to his home at Lancaster, Pa., and died
June 1, 1868. Buchanan held office nearly
thirty-eight years. He died worth about
$200,000.
BUCHANAN, JAMES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born June 17, 1839, in
Ringoes, N. J. He was a member of the
board of education of Trenton, N. J., in
1868-69; was presiding judge of Mercer
county during 1874-79; and was a mem
ber of the common council of Trenton in
1883-85. He was elected to the forty-ninth,
fiftieth, fifty-first and fifty-second con
gresses as a republican.
BUCHANAN, JOHN ALEXANDER,
soldier, lawyer, congressman, was born
Oct. 7, 1843, in Smyth county, Va. He
served as a private in the Stonewall brig
ade, confederate army; was taken prison
er at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863, and re
mained in prison until February. 1865.
He was a member of the house of dele
gates of Virginia from 1885 until 1887;
and was elected to the fifty-first and fifty-
second congresses as a democrat.
166
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BUCHANAN, JOHN P., farmer, gover
nor, was born in 1847, in Tennessee. He
has always been a farmer, but has taken
an active interest in politics since he at
tained his majority, and since 1875 has
been a delegate to all the democratic
state conventions. He was governor of
Tennessee from 1891 to 1893.
BUCHANAN, JOSEPH, inventor, au
thor, was born Aug. 24, 1785, in Washing
ton county, Va. He was a once noted
mechanical inventor of Kentucky who
published The Philosophy of Human Na
ture. He died Sept. 29, 1829, in Louis
ville, Ky.
BUCHANAN, JOSEPH RHODES, phy
sician, journalist, inventor, author, was
born Dec. 11, 1814, in Frankfort, Ky. He
is noted as a physician and claims to
have invented the sciences of sarcognomy
and psychometry. He published Bu
chanan's Journal of Medicine, 1849-56. He
is the author of Outlines of Lectures on
the Neurological System of Anthropolo
gy; Eclectic Practice of Medicine and
Surgery; The New Education; Therapeu
tic Sareognomy; and Manual of Psychom
etry.
BUCHANAN. McKEAN, actor, was
born Feb. 28, 1823, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was educated for the navy, and served
three years as midshipman on the sloop-
of-war St. Louis. His first appearance as
an actor was made at the St. Charles
theatre, New Orleans, in the character of
Hamlet, in which role he made his ap
pearance in New York in 1850. He visit
ed England twice, and also made tours
in Australia and California. He died
April 16, 1872, in Denver, Colo.
BUCHANAN, ROBERT CHRISTIE,
soldier, was born about 1810, in Mary
land. He served as lieutenant in the
Black Hawk and Seminole wars. He was
made captain in 1838, and in the war
with Mexico took part in numerous bat
tles. In 1865 he was made brevet briga
dier-general of the United States army for
gallant conduct at Malvern Hill, and bre
vet major-general for services at Freder-
icksburg. He commanded the district of
Louisiana from January, 1868, till Jan
uary, 1869, and on Dec. 31, 1870. was re
tired, on his own application, after thirty
years of consecutive service. He died
Nov. 29, 1878, in Washington, D. C.
BUCHANAN, SARAH, pioneer. Dur
ing the war with the Creeks and Cumber-
lands in 1792 the fort was attacked by the
Indians. When the bullets gave out Mrs.
Buchanan was at hand with an apronful
molded from pewter plates and spoons
during the progress of the fight. She
died Nov. 23, 1831, at Buchanan's Station,
Tenn.
BUCHANAN, WILLIAM I., author,
diplomat. He has filled many positions
of honor and was envoy extraordinary
and minister plenipotentiary to Buenos
Ayres. He is the author of an improved
system of bookkeeping which has be
come very popular throughout the United
States.
BUCHER, FARY BUCHANAN, educa
tor, lawyer, was born June 2, 1856, in
Fremont, N. Y. After teaching for a
while he was admitted to the bar, and
has since practiced his profession in At
lanta, Ga. He takes an active part in
public affairs; is a member of the town
assembly, and a staunch democrat.
BUCHER, JOHN C., jurist, congress
man. He was for many years a judge of
the circuit court of Pennsylvania; and a
representative in congress from tfiat state
from 1831 to 1833. He died Oct. 26, 1851,
in Harrisburg, Pa.
BUCHTEL, JOHN R., philanthropist,
was born Jan. 18, 1820, in Summit coun
ty, Ohio. In 1883 he helped to organize
the Akron Iron company; was for many
years president of the C. Aultman and
Co.; and through his interest and means
the Buchtel college was founded.
BUCK, ALFRED E., soldier, educator,
congressman, was born Feb. 7, 1832, in
Foxcroft, Maine. He entered the army in
1861 as captain in
thirteenth Maine in
fantry; was lieuten
ant-colonel of nine
ty-first colored
troops in 1863, and
of the fifty-first col
ored troops in 1864.
He was brevetted
colonel of volun
teers for gallant
conduct at the siege
of Fort Blakely in
1865. He was a
member of the constitutional convention
of Alabama in 1867. He was presidential
elector in 1868; and was elected to the
forty-first congress.
BUCK, CHARLES FRANCIS, lawyer,
legislator, orator, was born Nov. 5, 1841,
in Germany. He received his education
at the public schools and the Louisiana
state university of Alexandria. For two
terms he served as city attorney of New
Orleans; has been a member of the
school board; and held various other
public positions of honor in that city. He
served with distinction as a member of
the fifty-fourth congress from the sec
ond Louisiana district. He is an able
lawyer and a brilliant orator. His ora
tion on the Life and Death of James A.
Garfield received publication in all the
leading newspapers of America, and was
highly eulogized.
BUCK, CHARLES W., lawyer, jurist,
diplomatist, was born March 17, 1849, in
Vicksburg, Miss. In 3879 he was elected
county judge of Woodford county, Ky.,
and served four years. In 1885 he was
appointed envoy extraordinary and min
ister plenipotentiary of the United States
to Peru.
BUCK, DANIEL, lawyer, congressman.
He was one of the earliest settlers in Ver
mont, and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1795 to 1797.
He died in 1817.
BUCK, DANIEL, lawyer, state senator,
jurist, was born May 15, 1857, in Boon-
ville, N. Y. He was a member of the
Minnesota house of representatives in
1866, and of the senate in 1879 and 1881;
for five years member of state normal
board, and four years prosecuting attor
ney of Blue Earth county. He was elect
ed associate justice of the supreme court,
term commencing in January, 1894.
BUCK, DANIEL AZRO A., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born in 1789, in
Vermont. He established himself as a
lawyer at Chelsea, Vt., and was for four
teen years a member of the state legisla
ture. He filled the office of state attor
ney for Orange county for six years; in
1821 was a presidential elector; and was
a representative in congress from Ver
mont from 1823 to 1825, and again from
1827 to 1829. He died Dec. 24. 1841, in
Washington, D. C.
BUCK, DUDLEY, organist, author, was
born March 10, 1839, in Hartford, Conn.
He is a composer and organist of Brook
lyn. He is the author of Dictionary of
Musical Terms; and The Influence of the
Organ in History.
BUCK, GURDON, physician, surgeon,
author, was born May 4, 1807, in New
York city. He was an eminent surgeon
of New York city, and wrote much for
medical journals and a treatise on Con
tributions to Reparative Surgery. He
died March 6, 1877, in New York city.
BUCK, JIRAH D., physician, author,
was born Nov. 20, 1838, in Fredonia, N.
Y. He has beeu the president of the
state medical society of Ohio; was presi
dent of the American Institute of
Homeopathy in 1891; and vice-president
of Theosophical Society of America. He
is the author of History of Man and the
Way to Health.
BUCK, JOHN R., lawyer, congressman,
was born Dec. 6, 1836, in Glastonbury,
Conn. He was treasurer of the county of
Hartford from 1863 to 1881; was clerk of
the state house of representatives in
1865; clerk of the state senate in 1866;
president of the common council of Hart
ford in 1868; city attorney in 1871 and
1873; state senator in 1880 and 1881; and
was elected a representative from Con
necticut to the forty-seventh and forty-
ninth congresses as a republican.
BUCK, NORMAN, soldier, lawyer, ju
rist, was born April 13, 1833, in Lancas
ter, N. Y. He served in the union army
from 1862 to 1865, rising to the rank of
captain. He was judge of probate for
Winona county, Minn., from 1865 to 1871.
In 1873 he was elected prosecuting attor
ney for the same county; in 1878 was ap
pointed United States attorney for the
territory of Idaho; and in 1879 was ap
pointed an associate justice of the su
preme court of that territory, and was
reappointed in 1884. Since 1892 he has
been superior judge of Spokane county,
Wash.; and in 1895 was elected com
mander of the Washington and Alaska
Grand Army of the Republic.
BUCKALEW, CHARLES R., lawyer,
diplomat, United States senator, was born
Dec. 28, 1821, in Columbia county, Pa. He
was prosecuting attorney for Columbia
county from 1845 till 1847, and was elect
ed to the state senate in 1850, and re-
elected in 1853. He was commissioner to
exchange ratifications of a treaty with
Paraguay in 1854, serving as such be
tween sessions of the legislature. He
was a presidential elector in 1856; and
was again elected to the state senate in
1857. He was appointed minister resi
dent of the United States at the republic
of Ecuador, which office he filled for three
years. He was elected by the legislature
in 1863 to the United States senate; was
elected to the state senate in 1869, for the
fourth time; and was the democratic can
didate for governor in 1872. In 1886 he
was elected president of the Bloomsburg
and Sullivan railroad; and in 1872 pub
lished a volume upon Proportional Rep
resentation, and in 1883 a work upon the
Constitution of Pennsylvania. He was
elected to the fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses as a democrat.
BUCKELEY, MORGAN GARDNER,
governor, was born Dec. 21, 1837, in East
Haddam, Conn. During 1880-88 he was
mayor of Hartford, Conn.; and in 1889-
93 was governor of the state of Connec
ticut. Since 1879 he has been president
of the JEtna Life Insurance company of
Hartford, Conn.
BUCKHAM, MATTHEW H., educator,
college president, was born in 1832. in
England. In 1871 he was elected presi
dent of the university of Vermont. His
published works have principally ap
peared in the form of addresses, sermons
and articles in the reviews and educa
tional journals.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPJIY.
187
BUCKHOUT, ISAAC CRAIG, civil en
gineer, was born in 1831, in Morrisania,
N. Y. He designed the Grand Central
station, as well as the improvement on
Fourth avenue. He died Sept. 27, 1874,
in White Plains, N. Y.
BUCKINGHAM, CATHARINUS PUT
NAM, soldier, merchant, manufacturer,
was born March 14, 1808, in Springfield,
Ohio. He became brigadier-general of
volunteers July 16, 1862, and served on
special duty in the war department at
Washington fill 1863, when he resigned
and became a merchant in New York city.
From 1868 till 1873 he was occupied in
building the Illinois Central grain eleva
tors at Chicago, and rebuilding them af
ter their destruction by the great fire. In
1873 he became president of the Chicago
steel works.
BUCKINGHAM, CHARLES LUMAN,
lawyer, was born Oct. 14, 1852, In Berlin
Heights, Ohio. He is a leading counsel
or in the most recent patent contest of the
Western Union Telegraph and the Dela
ware and Atlantic Telegraph and Tele
phone companies. He has contributed a
series of electrical articles to various
magazines.
BUCKINGHAM, JOSEPH TINKER,
journalist, author, was born Dec. 21, 1779,
in Winclham, Conn. He is a journalist of
note who published in 1831-34 The New
England Magazine, in which Dr. Holmes
began his famous Autocrat, and the Bos
ton Courier in 1828-48. He is the au
thor of Specimens of Newspaper Litera
ture; and Personal Memoirs and Recol
lections of Editorial Life. He died April
11, 1861, in Cambridge, Mass.
BUCKINGHAM, WILLIAM A., mer
chant, United States senator, governor,
was born May 28, 1804, in Lebanon, Conn.
He was elected mayor of Norwich in 1849,
1850, 1856, and 1857; was a presidential
elector in 1856, and in 1858 was elected
governor of Connecticut; re-elected for
seven years, in which capacity he ren
dered important services in raising and
forwarding troops during the progress of
the rebellion. He was elected a senator
in congress from Connecticut for six
years, for the term commencing in 1869
and ending in 1875. He died Feb. 3, 1875,
in Norwich, Conn.
BUCKLAND, CYRUS, inventor, was
born Aug. 10, 1799, in Manchester, Conn.
He produced his machine for making
gunstocks about 1842; and is also the in
ventor of the machines for rifling musket
barrels, for cutting the thread of the
screw on the inside of the barrel, and for
milling the breech-screw.
BUCKLAND, RALPH POMEROY, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was
born Jan. 20, 1812, in Leyden, Mass. He
was elected to the senate of Ohio in 1855
and 1857, serving four years. In 1861 he
was appointed colonel of the seventy-sec
ond Ohio infantry, and fought in the bat
tle of Shiloh as the commander of a brig
ade; and was made a brigadier-general in
the winter of 1862-63, and in that capacity
fought at Vicksburg. During his absence
on the field in 1864 he was elected a rep
resentative from Ohio to the thirty-ninth
congress, and re-elected to the fortieth
congress as a republican.
BUCKLES, ABRAHAM JAY, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Aug. 2, 1846, in
Muncie, Ind. During 1861-65 he served
as a union soldier in the civil war; was
color bearer in the nineteenth regiment
Indiana volunteer infantry; was promot
ed to second lieutenant of the twentieth
regiment Indiana volunteer infantry; and
received a medal of honor from congress
for meritorious conduct in the Wilderness
battle of May 5, 1864. He was wounded
in the right thigh at the battle of Bull
Run; in the right shoulder at the battle
of Gettysburg; in the right side at the
battle of the Wilderness; and by reason
of gunshot wound in battle before Pe
tersburg, his right leg was amputated
above the knee on March 25, 1865. He
has attained prominence as an able law
yer of Fairfield, Cal.; was district attor
ney for five years; and superior judge of
Solono county for twelve years. He is
now department commander of the
Grand Army of the Republic, and grand
chancellor, Knights of Pythias.
BUCKLES, JOSEPH S., state senator,
was born July 29, 1819, in Springfield,
Ohio. He was one of the originators of
the Lafayette, Muncie and Bloomington
railroad, its attorney, and a member of
its board of managers. He was also in
strumental in the construction of the
Fort Wayne and Southern railway. He
was chosen state senator from the district
composed of the counties of Grant and
Delaware. In 1858 he was elected judge
of the seventh judicial circuit, and served
twelve years.
BUCKLEY, CHARLES W., soldier, con
gressman, was born Feb. 8, 1835, in Ot-
sego, N. Y. He served as a chaplain in
the union army during a part of the re
bellion; and was subsequently an assist
ant superintendent of the Freedmen's
bureau. He was a delegate to the state
constitutional convention of 1867; and
was elected a representative from Ala
bama to the fortieth, forty-first and forty-
second congresses as a republican.
BUCKLEY, EDWARD, soldier, lumber
man, railroad president, was born Aug.
8, 1842, in England. Enlisting in the
twenty-fourth Wisconsin infantry, he
served gallantly until the end of the war.
About 1875 he became identified with
lumbering interests, and in 1892 incor
porated the Buckley and Douglas Lumber
Co., with the senior partner as president
and treasurer. Since 1886 he has been
president of the Manistee and Northeast
ern railway.
BUCKLEY, JAMES MONROE, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born Dec. 16,
1836, in Rahway, N. J. He is a methodist
clergyman, and since 1881 editor of the
New York Christian Advocate. He is the
author of Two Weeks in the Yosemite
Valley; Supposed Miracles; Christians
and the Theatre; Oats or Wild Oats; The
Land of the Czar and the Nihilist; Faith-
Healing, Christian Science, and Kindred
Phenomena; and Travels in Three Con
tinents, Euro'pe, Africa and Asia.
BUCKLEY, MORGAN G., soldier, bank
er, governor, was born Dec. 26, 1838, in
East Haddam, Conn. He enlisted in the
civil war; and served as a private in the
thirteenth New York regiment. He was
the prime factor in the formation of the
United States Bank of Hartford, of which
he was the first president; and in 1887
was elected governor of Connecticut.
BUCKLEY, SAMUEL BOTSFORD, nat
uralist, journalist, author, was born May
9, 1809, in Torrey, N. Y. He was grad
uated at Wesleyan university, Middle-
town, Conn. He was state geologist of
Texas from 1866 till 1867, and again from
1874 till 1877, and prepared two geologi
cal maps of the state. He also published
several valuable reports as state geolo
gist. A list of his scientific papers may
be found in Alumni Record of Wesleyan
University. He died Feb. 18. 1884, in
Austin, Texas.
BUCKLEY, THOMAS, merchant, phi
lanthropist, was born Jan. 29, 1771, in
Bristol, Pa. He was president of the
Bank of America, and secretary of the
first free school society in New York city.
He died April 28, 1846.
BUCKLIN, JAMES W., lawyer, state
legislator, was born Nov. 13, 1856, in Big
Rock, 111. He was the first to take an
active part in secur
ing the Australian
ballot and woman's
suffrage in Colorado.
For many years he
has advocated the
municipal owner
ship of water works;
and he was largely
instrumental in the
erection of a quarter
million dollar plant
at Grand Junction,
Colo., to bring water
from the mountains to that city; which
plant will be owned and operated by the
city government. He has been county and
city attorney of Grand Junction; and
served with distinction as a member of
the Colorado state legislature.
BUCKLIN, WILLIAM SAVERY, artist,
was born in 1851 in Red Bank, N. J. He
has attained prominence as a water color
painter.
BUCKLYN, JOHN KNIGHT, soldier,
educator, lecturer, poet, was born in
March, 1834, in Providence, R. I. He re
ceived his education at the Greenwich
and Smithfield academies, and the Brown
university. He served for nearly four
years in the civil war, and was captain
of the Rhode Island light battery. For
twenty-eight years he has been principal
of the M. V. institute of Mystic, Conn.;
and was pastor of the North Stonington
baptist church. He has lectured exten
sively, and contributed both prose and
verse to periodical literature.
BUCKMINSTER, JOSEPH, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 14, 175.1, in Rut
land, Vt. He was ordained in 1779, as
pastor of the North church in Ports
mouth, N. H. He published about twen
ty-five sermons and a short sketch of Dr.
McClintock, and was part author of the
Piscataqua River Prayer Book. He died
June 10, 1812, in Readsboro, Vt.
BUCKMINSTER, JOSEPH STEVENS,
clergyman, lecturer, author, was born
May 26, 1784, in Portsmouth, N. H. He
was a talented Unitarian clergyman of
Boston, and the first appointed lecturer
on biblical criticism at Harvard univer
sity. He is the author of Sermons, with
Memoir by S. C. Thacher. He died June
9, 1812, in Portsmouth, N. H.
BUCKMINSTER, WILLIAM, soldier,
was born Dec. 15, 1736, in Framingham,
Mass. He commanded the minute men
in 1774; was lieutenant colonel of Brew
er's regiment at Bunker Hill; and re
ceived there a wound that crippled him
for life. He died June 22, 1786.
BUCKMINSTER, WILLIAM J., jour
nalist, was born in 1813, in Maine. He
was a son of the founder of the Massa
chusetts Ploughman, and was for twenty-
one years one of its editors and publish
ers. He died March 2, 1878, in Maiden,
Mass.
BUCKNER, ALEXANDER, United
States senator, was born in Indiana. He
was a member of the Missouri convention
which formed the constitution of that
state; served several years in the state
legislature; and was a senator in con
gress from Missouri from 1831 to 1833.
He died June 15, 1833, in St. Louis, Mo.
168
HEKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BUCKNER, AYLETT HAWES, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Dec. 14,
1817, in Fredericksburg, Va. He was
chosen attorney for the bank of tne state
of Missouri in 1852; in 1854 was ap
pointed commissioner of public works;
and in 1857 was elected judge of the third
judicial circuit. He was elected to the
forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-fiftn. for
ty-sixth, forty-seventh, and forty-eighth
congresses as a democrat.
BUCKNER, AYLITT, congressman,
was born in Greensburg, Ky. He was a
member of the house of representatives
of the state in 1842 and 1843; and was a
representative in congress from Ken
tucky from 1847 to 1849.
BUCKNER, RICHARD A., congress
man, was born in 1763, in Virginia. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1823 to 1829; and a presi
dential elector in 1841. He died Dec. 8,
1847, in Greensburg, Ky.
BUCKNER, RICHARD AYLETT, law
yer, jurist, was born Jan. 21, 1849, in
Owenton, Ky. At the age of fourteen he
was elected captain of the governor's
guards, a gallant young company of Ken-
tuckians of some historical renown, and
took part in the defense of Frankfort in
the latter part of 1863. In 1876 he was
admitted to the bar; and since 1884 has
practiced his profession at Dermott, Ark.,
after having lived several years in the
states of Missouri and Kentucky. In
1880 and 1884 he was a delegate to the
national republican conventions; and in
1895 was nominated state senator from
the fifteenth senatorial district of Arkan
sas.
BUCKNER, SIMON BOLIVAR, lawyer,
general, governor, was born in 1823, in
Kentucky. He was graduated at the
United States military academy in 1844.
He was superintendent of construction of
the Chicago custom house in 1855. In
1861, he issued from Russellville an ad
dress to the people of Kentucky, calling
on them to take up arms against the
usurpation of Abraham Lincoln, after
which he occupied Bowling Green. He
was made a major-general, and was in
the battles of Murfreesboro and Chicka-
mauga, and surrendered with Kirby
Smith's army. He was elected governor
of Kentucky in 1887.
BUCKSTAFF, GEORGE A., lawyer,
manufacturer, state legislator, was born
Dec. 22, 1861, in Oshkosh, Wis. He was
elected to the Wisconsin assembly in
1894, and was re-elected to the assembly
in 1896. He was elected speaker of the
assembly, session of 1897.
BUCKWALTER, MARY E., educator,
poet, was born Oct. 31, 1845, in Lancaster
county, Pa. She has been engaged in
educational work since her youth, and
has attained eminent success. She is the
author of a number of very fine poems,
many of which have been incorporated
into standard works.
BUDD, HENRY, lawyer, author, was
born Nov. 12, 1849, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He is the author of Leading Cases on
the American Law of Real Property, and
of various law reports and articles in
current law publications.
BUDD, JAMES HERBERT, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 18, 1851, in
Janesville, Wis. He was a member of
the governor's staff from 1875 to 1879;
served as United States commissioner for
several years, and was also deputy dis
trict attorney of his county. In 1882 he
was nominated for congressman and was
elected a representative from California
to the forty-eighth congres.8 as a demo
crat.
BUEHRLE, ROBERT KOCH, educator,
author, was born Sept. 24, 1840, in Ger
many. He displayed great ability in the
organization and management of a
graded system of education; was super
intendent of the schools of Allentown,
Pa.; and is the author of a work entitled
Grammatical Praxis.
BUEL, ALEXANDER H., merchant,
congressman, was born in Fairfield, N. Y.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1850 to 1853. He died
Jan. 30, 1853, in Washington, D. C.
BUEL, ALEXANDER W., lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1813, in Rut
land county, Vt. In 1836 he was attorney
for the city of De
troit; in 1837 was
elected to the state
legislature; in 1843
and 1844 was pros
ecuting attorney for
Wayne county; and
in 1847 was again
elected to the legis
lature. From 1849
to 1851 he was a
representative i n
congress from Mich
igan. He died April
17, 1868, in Detroit, Mich.
BUEL, CLARENCE CLOUGH, journal
ist, author. He was assistant editor of
the Century magazine; associate editor
of the Century's War History, and a
writer of thoughtful, polished prose and
verse.
BUEL, DON CARLOS, soldier, manu
facturer, was born March 23, 1818, near
Marietta, Ohio. He was an officer of
note in the Florida,
Mexican and civil
wars. He graduated
from West Point
military academy in
1841. In 1861 he re
ceived the appoint
ment of brigadier-
general of volun,-
teers, and in 1862
became major-gen
eral of volunteers.
In 1865 he became
president of the
Green River Iron works; and subse
quently held, until 1890, the office of
pension agent at Louisville, Ky.
BUEL, JAMES WILLIAM, author, was
born Oct. 22, 1849, in Golconda, 111. He
was employed as a reporter a,nd editorial
writer on various Kansas City and St.
Louis newspapers. He is the author of
The World's Wonders; Sea and Land;
The Beautiful Story, and various other
books.
BUEL, JESSE, agriculturist, journalist,
author, was born Jan. 4, 1778, in Coven
try, Conn. He was a noted agriculturist
of Albany, who effected many reforms in
farming. He established the Albany Ar
gus, The Cultivator, and published The
Farmer's Instructor, in ten volumes; and
also The Farmer's Companion, or Essays
in Husbandry. He died Oct. 6, 1839, in
Danbury, Conn.
BUEL, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born in 1815, in New York. He was
an episcopal clergyman of high church
proclivities, and professor of divinity
at the General Theological seminary of
New York from 1871. He was the author
of The Apostolic System Defended;
Eucharistic Presence, Sacrifice and Ador
ation; and A Treatise on Dogmatic The
ology. He died in 1892.
BUELL, ABEL, manufacturer, mechan
ic, inventor, was born about 1750, in Kill-
ingworth, Conn. After the war he was
employed by the state in coining coppers;
for which he made all the apparatus. He
then visited England, where he gained
some knowledge of the machinery used
in the manufacture of cloth, and, on his
return, erected a cotton factory in New
Haven, one of the first in the country.
He died about 1825, in New Haven, Conn.
BUELL, RICHARD HOOKER, civil en
gineer, author, was born Nov. 9, 1842, in
Cumberland, Md. He is the author of
The Cadet Engineer; Safety Valves; and
The Compound Steam Engine and its
Steam Generating Plant.
BUFFINGTON, ADELBERT R., sol
dier, inventor, was born Nov. 22, 1837, in
Wheeling, Va. He has perfected the fol
lowing inventions: A magazine fire
arm; carriages for light and heavy guns;
parts of models of 1884 Springfield rifles,
and several mechanical devices. He also
introduced the gas-forging furnaces and
improved methods, simplifying and re
ducing the cost of manufacture, at the
national armory, of Springfield rifles, and
was the originator of the nitre and man
ganese method of bluing iron.
BUFFINGTON, JOSEPH, jurist, was
appointed chief justice of the United
States court in Utah, in 1850, and was the
first who held that position.
BUFFINGTON, JOSEPH, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1847.
BUFFINTON, JAMES, merchant, con
gressman, was born March 16, 1817. in
Fall River, Mass. He was mayor of the
city of Fall River during the years 1854
and 1855. He was elected a representa
tive from Massachusetts to the thirty-
fourth and thirty-fifth congresses; was
also re-elected to the thirty-sixth, thirty-
seventh, forty-first, forty-second, forty-
third, and forty-fourth congresses, as a
republican. He died July 7, 1875, at Fall
River, Mass.
BUFFUM, ARNOLD, philanthropist,
was born in 1782, in Smithfield, R. I. He
was a noted lecturer on the anti-slavery
cause, and his lectures were a good be
ginning, and he exerted a wholesome in
fluence. He died March 13, 1859.
BUFFUM, BURT C., agriculturist, sci
entist, was born April 7, 1868. in South
Bend, Ind. He attended the Colorado
Agricultural college: and is now profes
sor of agriculture and horticulture in the
University of Wyoming; and vice-di
rector of the experiment station. He has
made some important discoveries in sci
ence; and is quoted as an authority on
irrigation.
BUFFUM, EDWARD GOULD, journal
ist, author, was born about 1820 in Rhode
Island. He served on the Pacific side of
Mexico, and at the close of the war re
turned to California and took an active
part in the explorations for gold. He
published Six Months in the Gold Mines.
He died Oct. 24, 1867, in Paris, France.
BUFFUM, JOSEPH, JR., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 23, 1784, in
Fitchburg, Mass. He was a representa
tive in congress from New Hampshire
from 1819 to 1821.
BUFORD, JOHN, soldier, was born in
1825 in Kentucky. He served in the civil
war; was subsequently assigned to the
command of the army of the Cumberland,
when he was taken sick and died, on the
date of the receipt of his commission as
major-general. He died Dec. 16, 1863, in
Washington, D. C.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
169
BUFORD, NAPOLEON B., soldier, was
born Jan. 13, 1807, in Kentucky. He
served in the civil war, received the bre
vet title of major-general of volunteers
March 13, and was mustered out of the
service on Aug. 24, 1865. He died March
28, 1883.
BUGBEE, LUCIUS HALEN, educator
college president, was born Nov. 25, 1830,
in Gowanda, N. Y. He graduated from
Amherst in 1854, became a teacher, and
was ordained a minister in the meth'odist
episcopal church. He was principal of
Fayette seminary, Iowa, in 1857-60; pas
tor of a church in Chicago, 111., in 1861-63;
president of the Northwestern Female
college at Evanston, 111., in 1865-68; of
Cincinnati Wesleyan college in 1868-75;
and afterward of Alleghany college
Meadville, Pa.
BUGG, ROBERT M., congressman, was
born in Tennessee. He was a representa
tive in congress from Tennessee from
1853 to 1855.
BUHL, THEODORE D., capitalist
banker, was born Aug. 20, 1844, in De
troit, Mich. He is president of the
Michigan Malleable Iron Co.; and the
Buhl Stamping Co. Mr. Buhl was one of
the organizers of the Peninsular Car Co.,
and its president the first four years.
BUIST, GEORGE, clergyman, author,
was born in 1770, in Scotland. He was
educated at Edinburgh university, at
tained great proficiency in philology, was
called to a church in Charleston in 1793,
and in 1805 became principal of the col
lege in that city. He published an abridg
ment of Hume's History for schools, and
a version of the Psalms; and contributed
to the British Encyclopedia. A volume
of his sermons, with a memoir, was pub
lished in 1809.
BUIST, HENRY, soldier, lawyer, state
senator, was born Dec. 25, 1829, in Char
leston, S. C. He served several times in
the house of representatives of South
Carolina; was state senator; and dur
ing the civil war entered the confederate
army as captain of infantry. He died
June 9, 1887, in Charleston, S. C.
BUIST, JOHN ROBINSON, physician,
surgeon, was born Feb. 13, 1834, in Char
leston. S. C. In I860 he settled in Nash
ville, Tenn.; and for four years was a
surgeon in the confederate service. He
has since practiced his profession with
success in Nashville; was at one time
professor of oval surgery in the Vander-
bilt university; was also professor of sur
gery in the university of the South; and
is at present professor of neurology in
the medical department of the Vauderbilt
university; and a prolific contributor to
various medical journals.
BULFINCH, CHARLES, architect, was
born Aug. 8, 1763. In 1793 he built the
first theater in Boston. He drew the
plans for the state house and city hall in
Boston, for the capitol at Washington,
for Faneuil hall, and designed as many
as forty churches and other build
ings in New England cities. He was the
architect of the national capitol from
1817 until it was completed in 1830. He
died April 15, 1884, in Boston, Mass.
BULFINCH, ELLEN SUSAN, artist,
author, was born Oct. 11, 1844, in Fram-
ingham, Mass., and is the daughter of the
Rev. Stephen Greenleaf Bulfinch. She is
the author of The Life and Letters of her
grandfather. Charles Bulfinch, the pio
neer of American architects: the designer
of the state house of Boston, and under
whose charge the capitol at Washington
was completed in 1830.
BULFINCH, STEPHEN GREENLEAF,
clergyman, author, poet, was born June
8, 1809, in Boston, Mass. He is the au
thor of Poems, Lays of the Gospel, Com
munion Thoughts; Contemplations of the
Saviour; The Holy Land and Its Inhab
itants; The Harp and the Cross; Honour,
or the Slave Dealer's Daughter; Manual
of the Evidences of Christianity; and
Studies in the Evidences of Christianity
He died Oct. 12, 1870, in Cambridge, Mass.
BULFINCH, THOMAS, banker, author,
was born July 15, 1796, in Boston, Mass.
He was a Boston banker, whose leisure
was devoted to literary pursuits. He
was the author of Hebrew Lyrical His
tory; The Age of Fable; The Age of
Chivalry; Boy Inventors; Legends of
Charlemagne; Poetry of the Age of
Fable; Oregon and Eldorado, or Romance
of the Rivers. He died May 27, 1867, in
Boston, Mass.
BULKELEY, ELIPHALET ADAMS,
lawyer, jurist, was born June 29, 1803, in
Colchester, Conn. In 1857 he was a sec
ond time elected to the state legislature,
becoming speaker of the house. During
the latter portion of his life he was inter
ested iu the business of life insurance,
and associated in the organizing of both
the Connecticut Mutual company, becom
ing its first president, and the JEtna Life
Insurance company. He died Feb. 13
1872, in Hartford, Conn.
BULKELEY, MORGAN GARDINER,
financier, was born Dec. 26, 1838, in Hart
ford, Conn. On the death of his father
he became president of the United States
bank of Hartford, Conn., and later was
elected to the presidency of the JEtna.
Life Insurance company. He is promi
nent in Connecticut politics as a repub
lican, and has four times been elected
mayor of Hartford.
BULKLEY, FRANK, mining engineer,
legislator, was born July 10, 1857, in
Washington, Iowa. He received his ed
ucation in Michigan, and has attained
success as a noted mining engineer in
Colorado. He is the general manager of
the New Pittsburgh Mining company of
Leadville; the Grand River Coal and
Coke company of Garfield; the Aspen
Mining and Smelting company; the Re
gent Mine; the Bushwhacker Mining
company; and various other mining com
panies. He has served with distinction
as a representative in the Colorado state
legislature, and has taken an active part
in the public affairs of that state.
BULKLEY, HENRY DAGGETT, phy
sician, author, was born April 20, 1803. in
New Haven, Conn. He was a member of
medical societies and some time president
of the New York County Medical society
and of the New York Academy of Medi
cine. Dr. Bulkley edited the American
editions of Cazenave and Schedel's Man
ual of Diseases of the Skin; and Greg
ory's Eruptive Fevers.
BULKLEY, PETER, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 31, 1583, in England. He
is a congregational clergyman of Con
cord, Mass. His one work, The Gospel
Covenant, or The Covenant of urace
Opened, is a ponderous series of sermons
notable for its intellectual vigor. He
died March 9, 1659, in Concord, Mass.
BULL, CHARLES HENRY, railroad
president, was born Dec. 16, 1822, in Hart
ford, Conn. Since 1888 he has been pres- .
ident of the Quincy. Omaha and Kansas
City railway.
BULL, HENRY, governor of Rhode
Island, was born in 1609. in South Wales.
He early emigrated to America, and after
a short residence in Massachusetts, with
a party of seventeen, purchased land and
settled in Newport about 1638. In 1685
and in 1689 he was governor. He died in
1693, in Rhode Island.
BULL, JOHN, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Mis
souri from 1833 to 1835.
BULL, JOHN, congressman. He was a
delegate from South Carolina to the con
tinental congress from 1784 to 1787.
BULL, JOHN, physician, was born in
1813, in Shelby county, Ky. He was
doubtless the most successful compound-
er of what are known as patent medicines
in America. Although connected with
the proprietary medicine business for
many years, his final fortune was gath
ered during the last ten years of his life,
his income at that time being greater
than that of any other man in Kentucky.
He died April 26, 1875, in Louisville, Ky.
BULL, LORENZO, prominent business
man, was born March 21, 1819, in Hart
ford, Conn. With the best interests of
Quincy, III., he has always been identified;
and, jointly with his son, is now proprie
tor of the Quincy water works. He is
also president of the State Savings, Loan
and Trust Co.
BULL, MELVILLE, congressman, was
born in 1854, in Newport, R. I. He was a
member of the state legislature in 1883-
85; senator in 1885-92; lieutenant-gov
ernor in 1892-94; member of republican
state central committee in 1885 to 1895;
and was delegate to the republican na
tional convention in 1888. He took an
active part in establishing the naval re
serve militia of the state; and has been
one of the board of managers of the
Rhode Island College of Agriculture and
Mechanic Arts and Experiment station
since its establishment in 1888. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth anu fiuy-fifth
congresses as a republican.
BULL, ORVILLE AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
legislator, was bbrn Nov. 29, 1849, in La-
Grange, Ga. He was a member of the
Georgia state legislature; and has been
prominent in the educational and polit
ical affairs of his state.
BULL, WILLIAM LANMAN, stock
broker, was born Aug. 23, 1844, in New
York city. He has been twice president
of the New York Stock Exchange; and
is a director of the Northern Pacific rail
road.
BULLARD, ASA, clergyman, author,
was born March 26, 1804, in Northbridge,
Mass. He was a congregational clergy
man of Massachusetts, long prominent in
Sunday-school work. His principal writ
ings are Sunnybank Stories; Shady Dell
Stories; Fifty Years with the Sabbath
School; and Incidents in a Busy Life, an
autobiography. He died in 1888.
BULLARD, E. F., educator, college
president, was born May 1, 1840, in Jay,
N. Y. He graduated from the University
of Vermont in 1864; and subsequently
became president of the Jacksonville Fe
male academy, of Illinois.
BULLARD, HENRY ADAMS, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Sept. 9,
1781, in Groton, Mass. In 1831 he was
chosen a representative in congress from
Louisiana, and served until 1834; and
was then elevated to the supreme bench
of Louisiana, and filled the office until
1846. In 1847 he was appointed professor
of the civil law in the Law School of
Louisiana, and delivered two courses of
lectures. In 1850 he was elected to the
legislature; and was subsequently chosen
a member of congress to fill a vacancy.
He died April 17, 1851, in New Orleans.
La.
170
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BULLIONS, PETER, clergyman, au
thor, was born Dec. 1, 1791, in Scotland.
He was a united presbyterian clergyman
•of Troy, N. Y., well known as a classical
scholar. Among his text books for
schools are Principles of English Gram
mar; Principles of Greek Grammar; and
Latin and English Dictionary. He died
Feb. 13, 1864, in Troy, N. Y.
BULLIS, SPENCER S., railroad presi
dent, was born July 7, 1849, in East Au
rora, N. Y. Since 1894 he has been pres
ident of the Buffalo, Attica and Arcade
railroad.
BULLITT, ALEXANDER SCOTT, leg
islator, lieutenant-governor, was born in
1761, in Prince William county, Va. He
was president of the KentucKy senate for
several years; and in IV 99 was president
of the convention to amend the state
constitution. He was lieutenant-govejnor
from 1800 to 1804; and was again in the
legislature until 1808. He died April 13,
1816, in Jefferson county, Ky.
BULLOCH, ARCHIBALD, lawyer, pub
lic official, was born about 1730, in Char
leston, S. C. In 1775 he was elected a
member of the provincial congress, and
became its president, and during the fol
lowing year he was again called upon to
preside over the second provincial con
gress, and sent as a delegate to the con
tinental congress meeting at Philadel
phia. He was chosen first republican
president of Georgia, holding that office
from 1776 till 1777, when the state con
stitution came into existence. Governor
Bulloch was one of the most eminent
men of his time, and had great influence
in shaping the course of his state. He
died Feb. 22, 1777, in Savannah, Ga.
BULLOCH, JAMES R., jurist, was born
in Rhode Island. He was appointed a
judge of the United States court for that
district.
BULLOCH, WILLIAM BELLINGER,
lawyer, banker, United States senator,
was born in 1776, in Savannah, Ga. In
1809 he was elected mayor of Savannah.
Subsequently he became collector of the
port, and during the war of 1812 served
in the Savannah heavy artillery. He
was appointed to fill a vacancy in the
United States senate. From 1816 to 1843
he was president of the state bank of
Georgia, having been one of the founders
of that institution. He died March 6,
1852, in Savannah, Ga.
BULLOCK, ALEXANDER HAMIL
TON, lawyer, state senator, governor,
author, was born March 2, 1816, in Roy-
alston, Mass. He was a member of the
legislature in 1845, 1847, 1848, 1861, and
1862; state senator in 1849; and commis
sioner of insolvency in 1853. He was
judge of insolvency from 1856 to 1858;
mayor of Worcester in 1859; and governor
of Massachusetts from 1866 to 1869. He
was the author of Intellectual Leader
ships, and several addresses and speech
es. He died Jan. 17, 1882, in Worcester,
Mass.
BULLOCK, ARCHIBALD, congress
man. He was a delegate from Georgia
to the continental congress from 1775 to
1776.
BULLOCK, ARCHIBALD, congress
man, governor, was born about 1730, in
Charleston. S. C. In 1772 was elected a
member of the provincial general assem
bly of Georgia; in 1775 and 1776 was
elected member and president of the
Georgia provincial congresses; and from
1776-77 was chosen governor of Georgia.
He died Feb. 22, 1777. in Savannah, Ga.
BULLOCK, CAROLINE, educator, au
thor, was born Oct. 27, 1845, in Balti
more, Md. She is the widow of Captain
Walter R. Bullock, and the founder of the
Wilford Home School for girls, which
was established twenty years ago, and of
which she is still principal. She is the
author of several educational works.
BULLOCK, CHARLES, educator, col
lege president, author, was born in 1826,
in Wilmington, Del. Since 1885 he has
been president of the Philadelphia College
of Pharmacy. He is the author of a
work entitled Alkaloids of Veratrum
Virdie.
BULLOCK, JONATHAN RUSSELL,
lawyer, state senator, lieutenant-gov
ernor, was born Sept. 6, 1815, in Bristol,
R. I. In 1844 and the two succeeding
years he was chosen first representative
to the general assembly from the town of
Bristol. In 1859 he was elected to the
state senate, and in 1860 was chosen
lieutenant-governor.
BULLOCK, ROBERT, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 8, 1828, in
Oxford, N. C. In 18G2 he went into the
war as lieutenant colonel of the seventh
regiment Florida volunteers, and re
mained until the close of the war; and
was promoted to brigadier-general in
1864. He was elected judge of probate
during Johnson's reconstruction, and was
appointed judge of county criminal courts
by the governor. He was a Tilden elect
or in 1876; was elected to the legislature
in 1879; and was elected to the fifty-
first and fifty-second congresses as a
democrat. In 1897 he was appointed
judge of the county court.
BULLOCK, RUFUS BROWN, busi
ness man, governor, was born March 28,
1834, in Bethlehem, N. Y. He formed the
Southern Express company, and became
one of its active managers. During the
civil war he continued this occupation
under the direction of the confederate
government, establishing railroads and
telegraph lines on interior routes. After
the cessation of hostilities, Mr. Bullock
resumed the management of express af
fairs, and was elected one of the trustees
and secretary of the Southern Express
company. Its present magnitude is
largely due to his management at that
time. He was also associated in the or
ganization of the first national bank of
Georgia, and was elected its president.
Governor Bullock continued his residence
in Georgia, and became president of one
of the largest cotton mills in Atlanta.
He has taken no public part in politics
since his resignation of the office of gov
ernor.
BULLOCK, STEPHEN, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1735, in Massachu
setts. He was a member of the conven
tion which formed the constitution of
that state; frequently served in the state
legislature; and was a representative in
congress from Massachusetts from 1797
to 1799. He subsequently became judge
of the common pleas for Bristol county;
served in the state senate, and was a
member of the executive council of Mas
sachusetts. He died in 1816, in Massa
chusetts.
BULLOCK, THOMAS SEAMAN, rail
road builder, was born Jan. 1, 1853, in
Shelbyville, Ind. He built the Prescott
and Arizona Central railroad, which con
nected the capital of the territory with
the Atlantic and Pacific railroad. He
also undertook the construction of the
Monterey and Mexican Gulf railroad,
which was completed in 1891.
BULLOCK, WILLIAM A., inventor,
was born in 1813, in Greenville, N. Y.
He gave his energies to the problem of
constructing a printing press that should
embody in one machine accurate self-ad
justment and feeding, perfecting, or
printing on both sides, with the highest
rate of speed. He was successful in ac
complishing all these objects, and the
Bullock web perfecting press revolution
ized the art of press building. Subse
quent modifications and improvements
have brought the delivery up to thirty
thousand an hour. He died April 14,
1867, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BULLOCK, WINGFIELD, state sen
ator, congressman. He was elected a
member of the Kentucky senate from
Shelby county from 1812 to 1814; resigned
in 1813; and was elected a representative
in congress from Kentucky for the years
1820 and 1821. He died Oct. 13, 1821.
BUMP, ORLANDO FRANKLIN, law
yer, author, was born in 1841, in New
York. He is a Baltimore lawyer, and
the author of The Law and Practice of
Bankruptcy.
BUMSTEAD, FREEMAN JOSIAH, phy
sician, author, was born April 21, 1826,
in Boston, Mass. He was the author
of Pathology and Treatment of Venereal
Diseases; and translations from the
French of Ricord and Cullerier. He died
Nov. 28, 1879, in Boston, Mass.
BUMSTEAD, HORACE, soldier, clergy
man, educator, college president, was
born Sept. 29, 1841, in Boston, Mass. Dur
ing 1864-65 he was a major of the forty-
third regiment United States colored
troops, and served in Virginia and Texas.
He has attained eminence as a clergy
man and educator, and is now president
of the Atlanta University of Georgia.
BUMSTEAD, SAMUEL JOSIAH, sur
geon, oculist, author, was born June 13,
1841, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was assist
ant surgeon of the twenty-ninth Illinois
volunteer infantry; served three years
during the civil war; and became second
sergeant in company B, one hundred and
eighth Illinois volunteer infantry. He is
the author of two books: Riversom; and
The Peacemaker of Bourbon.
BUNCE, OLIVER BELL, journalist,
author, was born Feb. 8, 1828, in New
York city. He was the editor of Apple-
ton's Journal for the period of its exist
ence, and well known as the author of
Don't, a small volume of social nega
tions which was widely circulated. He
wrote also Bachelor Bluff, his Opinions, a
volume of essays; My House; Marco Boz-
zaris, a drama; Love in '76, a comedy;
Romance of the Revolution; four stories,
including Life Before Him; Bensly; A
Bachelor's Story; The Adventures of
Timias Terrystone; and Happinolande
and Other Legends, a collection of
sketches. He died May 15, 1890, in New
York city.
BUNCE, WILLIAM GEDNEY, land
scape painter, was born Sept. 19, 1842, in
Hartford, Conn. His principal paintings
are Approach to Venice; Twilight in
Holland; Watch Hill, Rhode Island; Sa-
tucket Hillside, New England; Among
the Sail, Venice; Bit of Harbor, Venice;
Venetian Day; and Venetian Night.
BUNCH, SAMUEL, soldier, congress
man, was born Dec. 4, 1786, in Granger
county, Tenn. He commanded a regi
ment in the Indian war, under General
Andrew Jackson, and, in the charge of the
battle of the Horseshoe, was the first or
second man over the breastworks of the
enemy. He was a representative in con
gress from Tennessee from 1833 to 1837.
He died Sept. 5, 1849, in Rutledge, Tenn.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
171
BUNDY, HEZEKIAH SANFORD, mer
chant, lawyer, congressman, was born
Aug. 17, 1817, in Marietta, Ohio. He was
in the mercantile
business as clerk
and proprietor from
1835 to 1846; after
that turned his at
tention to farming,
and in 1854 became
connected with the
furnace business;
during all these avo
cations he studied
law, and came to the
bar in 1850. He was
elected to the state
legislature in 1848; re-elected in 1850; in
1855 was chosen a state senator; and was
a presidential elector in 1860. He was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-ninth congress, and to the fifty-
third to fill a vacancy.
BUNDY, JONAS MILLS, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1835 in New Hampshire.
He was a New York journalist, and prom
inent as editor of the Mail and Express
from 1868. He was also the author of
State Rights; Are we a Nation?; and Life
of Garfield. He died in 1891.
BUNDY, SOLOMON, lawyer, congress
man, was born May 22, 1823, in Oxford,
N. Y. He was district attorney of Che-
nango county from 1862 to 1865; and was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-fifth congress.
BUNGAY, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
journalist, author, poet, was born Nov. 28,
1826, in England. He was a New York
journalist well known as a temperance
lecturer. He wrote many poems, among
which The Creeds of the Bells has long
been popular. His other writings include
The Abraham Lincoln Songster; The
Poets of Queen Elizabeth's Time; Off
hand Takings; Crayon Sketches; and Pen
Portraits of Illustrious Abstainers. He
<lied July 10, 1892, in Bloomfield, N. J.
BUNKER, RUFUS A. W., educator,
clergyman, lecturer, was born Oct. 23,
1844, in Roxbury, Maine. During the war
he served as a soldier in the fifth regi
ment Maine battery. In 1871 he graduat
ed from the New Hampshire conference
seminary and female college; and in
1874 from the School of Theology of the
Boston university. He has attained suc
cess as a clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church; has lectured extensive
ly; and is the author of several hymns
and numerous religious articles.
BUNN, BENJAMIN H., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 19, 1844, near
Hocky Mount, N. C. At the age of six
teen he enlisted in
the confederate ar-
m y ; commanded
fourth company
sharpshooters, Mac-
Rae's brigade, army
of Northern Virgin
ia; and was twice
wounded. He was a
member of the state
constitutional con
vention in 1875; was
a delegate to the na
tional democratic
convention in 1880; and was a member of
the state legislature in 1883. He was
presidential elector in 1884; and was
elected to the fifty-first, fifty-second, and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
BUNN, HENRY GASTON, soldier, state
senator, jurist, was born June 12, 1838, in
Nash county, N. C. He served in the
confederate army throughout the war;
was third lieutenant, adjutant, lieuten
ant-colonel, and colonel of the fourth
Arkansas infantry in the army of the
Tennessee. In 1873-74 he served as state
senator; and was a member of the con
stitutional convention of 1874. He was
special judge of the circuit and supreme
court, and since 1893 has been chief jus
tice of the supreme court of Arkansas, his
term expiring in October, 1904.
BUNN, JACOB FREDERICK, lawyer,
jurist, was born June 6, 1847, in Bellevue,
Ohio. This eminent lawyer has filled va
rious high offices; and during 1879-85 was
probate judge of Seneca county, Ohio.
BUNN, ROMANZO, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Sept. 24, 1829,
in South Hartwick, N. Y. In 1859 he was
elected a representative in the Wisconsin
state legislature; was elected circuit
judge of the sixth judicial circuit for the
term of six years, and was re-elected.
In 1877 he was appointed United States
district judge for the western district of
Wisconsin.
BUNNELL, FRANK C., soldier, banker,
lawyer, congressman, was born March 19,
1842, in Luzerne county, Pa. He enlisted
in the union army as a private of the
fifty-second regiment, Pennsylvania vol
unteers; and was made quartermaster's
sergeant in 1862. In 1872 he was elected
a representative in congress to fill a va
cancy; in 1875 was elected president of
Wyoming county agricultural society
and continued to be re-elected each year.
He was a member of the board of educa
tion from 1881 to 1884; in 1881 was ap
pointed a member of the Pennsylvania
Bi-Centennial association; in 1883 was
elected treasurer of Tunkhannock for one
year; and was burgess in 1883 and 1884.
In 1884 he was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the forty-ninth
congress; and was re-elected to the fif
tieth congress as a republican.
BUNNELL, LAFAYETTE HOUGH-
TON, soldier, author. He served in the
Mexican war; was a pioneer in California
in 1849; and was one of the discoverers
of the Yosemite valley, and was in the
Indian war of 1851. He is a resident of
Minnesota, and the author of Winona and
Its Environs.
BUNNER, HENRY CUYLER, journal
ist, author, poet, was born in 1855, in
New York. He is a New York journalist,
the editor of Puck, and well known as a
writer of graceful, delicate verse and very
readable fiction. He is the author of Jer
sey Street and Jersey Lane; Love in Old
Clothes; Zadoc Pine and Other Stories;
The Story of a New York House; The
Midge; In Partnership (with J. B. Mat
thews); Short Sixes, a collection of hu
morous tales; and The Woman of Honour.
His verse includes Airs from Arcady and
Elsewhere; Rowen, second crop songs.
BUNNER, RUDOLPH, congressman,
was born in 1779. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from
]827 to 1829. He died July 23, 1837, in
Otsego, N. Y.
BUNTING, THOMAS L., merchant,
banker, congressman, was born in 1844,
in Eden, N. Y. He is president of the
New York Packers' association, and state
president of the National Packers' asso
ciation; is president of the Hamburg Wa
ter and Electric Light company, and In
vestment and Improvement company; is
one of the city and county hall commis
sioners; is a member of the Erie County
Farmers' institute; and was elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat.
BUNTON, FREDERICK HENRY, edu
cator, clergyman, was born Aug. 13, 1860,
in Pass Christian, Miss. He received his
education in the New Orleans university,
and has received the degrees of A. M.,
Ph. D. For several years he was princi
pal of the high school in Summit, Mass.;
and professor of mathematics in the New
Orleans university. This eminent clergy
man of the methodist episcopal church
is secretary of the upper Mississippi con
ference, and fills a pastorate in Starkville.
BURBANKS, FRANK E., man of af
fairs, was born April 10, 1852, in Louis
ville, Ky. He received his education at
the Olivet college of Michigan, in which
state he has attained success in the in
surance business at Minden City. He has
taken great interest in the public affairs
of his county and state, and filled several
important positions of honor.
BURBAULT, J. E., soldier, legislator,
was born Aug. 20, 1822, in Hanover, Pa.
He participated in the Kansas troubles
in 1857 with Lane, John Brown and oth
ers; and was one of the original founders
of Falls City, Neb. He was instrumental
'in passing the bill to abolish slavery in
the territory of Nebraska in 1859; and
served as paymaster in 1863. He was ap
pointed in the regular army and served
on the frontier during the rebellion, re
tiring through disability in 1875. He has
also served with distinction as member
of the Nebraska legislature.
BURBECK, HENRY, soldier, was born
June 8, 1754, in Boston, Mass. He served
as major in the revolutionary war; and
attained the rank of brigadier-general in
the war of 1812. He died Oct. 2, 1848, in
New London, Conn.
BURBRIDGE, STEPHEN GANG, sol
dier, lawyer, was born Aug. 19, 1831, in
Scott county, Ky. General Burbridge was
conspicuous at the capture of Port Gib
son, and was among the first to enter the
place. Later he was placed in command
of the military district of Kentucky, and
defeated General John H. Morgan on his
raid, driving him into Tennessee. For
this service he received the thanks of
President Lincoln, and in 1864 the brevet
of major-general.
BURCH, WILLIAM THOMAS, soldier,
lawyer, was born Aug. 6, 1844, in Meade
county, Ky. He served through the civil
war as a private under General N. D. For
rest of the confederate service. For four
years he was justice of the peace in his
native county; and now successfully
practices law in Louisville, Ky.
BURCHARD, HORATIO C., merchant,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 22,
1825, in Marshall, N. Y. He was engaged
in mercantile business; and was school
commissioner in Stephenson county, 111.,
from 1857 to 1860. He was a member of
the legislature in 1866; and was elected
to the forty-first, forty-second, forty-third
and forty-fifth congresses. In 1879, he was
appointed director of the United States
mint; and in 1885-86 was revenue com
missioner for the state of Illinois.
BURCHARD, SAMUEL D., soldier,
manufacturer, congressman, was born
July 17, 1836, in Leyden, N. Y. He was
engaged in the manufacturing of woolen
goods; was a lieutenant in the Missouri
militia during the rebellion; was appoint
ed a captain in the volunteer service, and
as quartermaster was assigned to duty in
New York, where he had charge of the
purchase of forage for the seaboard ar
mies; and was mustered out of service as
a major. He returned to Wisconsin; and
was elected to the state senate in 1872;
and in 1874 was elected a representative
to the forty-fourth congress.
172
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BURCHARD, SAMUEL DICKINSON,
clergyman, was born Sept. 6, 1812, in
Steuben, N. Y. He was very successful as
a pastor and lecturer, and was at differ
ent times chancellor of Ingham universi
ty and president of Rutgers female col
lege. He stigmatized the democrats as
the party of Rum, Romanism, and Rebel
lion. He died Sept. 25, 1891, in Saratoga,
N. Y.
BURD, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in 1794. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania, from 1831 to
1835. He died Jan. 13, 1844. in Bedford,
Pa.
BURDEN, JAMES ABERCROMBIE,
manufacturer, inventor, was born Jan. 6,
1833, in Troy, N. Y. He became president
of the Burden Iron company of Troy and
New York. He has obtained eighteen pat
ents for inventions of his own for ma
chines used in the manufacture of iron,
one of the most important being that for
making horse and mule shoes, this ma
chine producing seventy finished shoes
per minute, punched with holes and pre
pared in every other way, ready for the
horse's foot. In 1883 he became president
of the Hudson River Ore and Iron compa
ny. His iron foundries and machine
shops give employment to three thousand
men. He has declined nominations as
mayor of Troy, member of congress, and
other offices, but has been twice a presi
dential elector.
BURDETT, CHARLES, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1815, in New York. He
was the author of Life of Kit Carson;
The Second Marriage; The Beautiful Spy;
Margaret Moncrieffe; Emma, or The Lost
Found; Marion Desmond; The Gambler;
The Adopted Child; Trials and Tri
umphs; Never too Late; and Chances and
Changes.
BURDETT. SAMUEL S., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Feb. 21, 1836,
in- England. In 1861 he entered the vol
unteer army as a
private, and in 1864
was promoted to
captain. He was a
presidential elector
in 1864 from Iowa;
in 1865 emigrated to
St. Clair county,
Mo.: in 1866 was
made circuit attor
ney for the seventh
judicial district;
and was a delegate
to the Chicago con
vention of 1868. He was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the forty-first
congress; and in 1874 he was appointed
commissioner of the general land office
in Washington.
BURDETTE, ROBERT JONES, jour
nalist, author, lecturer, was born July 30,
1844, in Greensborough, Pa. After serv
ing as a private through the war he re
turned to Peoria, where he was employed
as clerk in the postoffice. Subsequently
he became a proof-reader on the Peoria
Transcript, and later filled the position of
night editor on the same newspaper. In
1874 he was engaged on the Burlington
Hawkeye, where he soon gained for him
self and the journal a world-wide reputa
tion. Ten years later he left the edito
rial staff of the Hawkeye and engaged
himself with the Brooklyn Eagle. The
greatest success of Mr. Burdette has been
as a lecturer; several of his humorous
books, however, have attained fair cir
culations. His principal works are Hawk-
eyes; Rise and Fall of the Mustache;
Innach Garden and Other Comic Sketch
es; and Life of William Penn.
BURDICK, CHARLES WILLIAMS,
lawyer, public official, legislator, was
born Aug. 15, 1860, in Toledo, Ohio. He is
one of the foremost lawyers of the west
at Cheyenne, Wyo. He was a member of
the Wyoming constitutional convention;
a member of the upper house in the elev
enth territorial legislature; has been
state auditor; and filled with distinction
the office of secretary of state.
BURDICK, THEODORE WELD, sol
dier, congressman, was born Oct. 7, 1836,
in Evansburg, Pa. He was deputy treas
urer and recorder of Winneshiek county
from 1854 until 1857, and treasurer and
recorder from 1857 until 1862, when .he
resigned to recruit a company for the
union army. He was commissioned a cap
tain, and served throughout the war. Af
ter being mustered out he returned to De-
corah and became cashier of the First na
tional bank of that place; and was elect
ed a representative from Iowa to the for
ty-fifth congress as a republican.
BURFORD, JOHN H., lawyer, jurist,
was born Feb. 29, 1852, in Parke county,
Ind. He is associate justice of the su
preme court at El Reno, O. T.; and for a
number of years was registrar of land
office at Oklahoma City.
BURGDORF, AUGUST C., educator,
college president, was born July 12, 1838,
in Germany. He has taught school in Il
linois and Missouri, and for a number of
years was principal of the Lutheran
academy of St. Louis, Mo., which position
he resigned to become president of Wal-
ther college of the same city.
BURGDORFF, WILLIAM F., mer
chant, was born March 19, 1846, in Ger
many. He attended the public schools
and the Blackburn university. He is a suc
cessful merchant of Carlinville, 111., of
which city he has been mayor; and is
president of the Carlinville national bank.
In 1896 he was the republican candidate
for state senator for the thirty-sixth dis
trict.
BURGER. LOUIS, soldier, architect,
was born Feb. 6, 1821, in Bavaria. In
1854 he organized the engineer corps of
the fifth regiment of the New York state
national guards, and was elected captain.
During the civil war he commanded his
regiment in the short campaign of 1861.
He died May 25, 1871, in New York city.
BURGES, GIDEON ALBERT, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
May 29, 1854, in Providence, R. I. He
is the president of Parker college of
Winnebago City, Minn., and the author
of The Free Baptist Cyclopedia.
BURGES, TRISTAM, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Feb. 26, 1770, in
Rochester, Mass. In 1818 he was elected
chief justice of Rhode Island; occupied
the chair of oratory in Brown university;
and was a representative in congress from
Rhode Island from 1825 to 1835. He died
Oct. 13, 1853, in Providence, R. I.
BURGESS, ALEXANDER, bishop of
the diocese of Quincy, 111., was born Oct.
31, 1819, in Providence, R. I. When the
new diocese of Quincy, 111., was formed
he was chosen to be its first bishop, and
was consecrated in 1878. He published a
memoir of his brother, the first bishop of
Maine, in 1869, and is also the author of
various sermons, addresses, and Sunday-
school literature, with some carols and
hymns.
BURGESS, DEMPSEY, soldier, con
gressman. He was a member of the pro
vincial congress of North Carolina; a
lieutenant-colonel of the militia; and a
representative in congress from North
Carolina from 1795 to 1798.
BURGESS, EBENEZER, clergyman,,
author, was born April 1, 1790, in Ware-
ham, Mass. He was the agent of the
American colonization society in Africa
from 1817-18, assisted in founding the col
ony of Liberia, and in 1818-19 was the
society's agent in the United States. He
published The Dedham Pulpit; and The
Burgess Genealogy. He died Dec. 5, 1870,
in Dedham, Mass.
BURGESS, EDWARD, architect, author,
was born June 30, 1848, in West Sand
wich, Mass. He was a noted naval archi
tect of Boston, and the author of English
and American Yachts.
BURGESS, GEORGE, bishop, author,
poet, was born Oct. 31, 1809, in Provi
dence, R. I. He was the first protestant
episcopal bishop of Maine, and the au
thor of Pages from the Ecclesiastical His
tory of New England; The Christian
Life; The Book of Psalms in English
Verse; The Last Enemy Conquering and
Conquered; and Strife of Brothers, a
poem. He died April 23, 1866, in the West
Indies.
BURGESS, JOHN WILLIAM, educator,
author, was born Aug. 26, 1844, in Cor-
nersville, Tenn. He is the dean of the-
school of physical science in Columbia
college, and the author of the American
University: When Shall it Be, Where
Shall it Be, and What Shall it Be? Po
litical Science and Comparative Constitu
tional Law; and The Middle Period.
BURGESS, NEIL, actor, was born June
18, 1851, in Boston, Mass. He made a
marked success as Widow Bedott in the
play Widow Bedott's Papers, and for the
subsequent seven years it was one of the
most valuable pieces in his repertoire.
BURK, JOHN DALY, lawyer, author,
was born in 17 — , in Ireland. He was an
Irish author who came to America in
1796, and for the last years of his life was
a lawyer in Virginia. He was the author
of History of the Late War in Ireland;
History of Virginia; Bunker Hill, a once
popular tragedy; and Bethlem Gaber, an
historical drama. He died April 11, 1808,
near Campbell's Bridge, Va.
BURK, JOHN JUNIUS, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1800, in Virginia. He went to
Louisiana, where he studied law, and was
for many years a prominent lawyer there,
and judge of the state court. He died
July 17, 1866, in Baton Rouge, La.
BURK, JOSEPH CORNELIUS, lawyer,
jurist, was born Nov. 18, 1857, in St.
Louis, Mo. In 1895 this eminent lawyer
was elected judge of the superior court
of Keokuk, Iowa.
BURKE, ANDREW H., governor, was
born May 15, 1850, in New York city. In
1884 he was elected treasurer of Cas&
county, N. D., and in 1890 was elected
governor of that state.
BURKE, BARTEMAS, lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Aug. 29, 1845, in Richmond^
Ind. He received his education in the
Hartsville university. He served three
years as a union soldier during the civil
war; was an eye-witness of the surrender
of Vicksburgby Pemberton to Grant; was
taken prisoner in the Red river cam
paign; and made one of the most notable
escapes of the war from Camp Ford pris
on, Tex., to the union lines at Natchez.
He was prosecuting attorney for seven
years in Indiana; and in California has
been school trustee; assistant district at
torney; postmaster of Santa Cruz; com
missioner of Torrens Land Transfer Re
form; and during 1892-96 was state sen
ator in the California legislature from the
twenty-ninth district.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
173
BURKE, CHARLES H., business man,
was born Dec. 14, 1850, in Milford, N. H.
He is president and stockholder in the
Nashua Iron and Brass Foundry compa
ny; president of the Nashua Boot and
Shoe Manufacturing company, and direc
tor of the Second national bank. In 1876
he was elected to the New Hampshire
state legislature; and in 1888 was elected
mayor of Nashua, N. H.
BURKE, EDARUS AEDANUS, jurist,
congressman, was born June 16, 1743, in
Ireland. In 1778 he was appointed a
judge of the supreme court of South Caro
lina; and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1789 to 1791.
He died March 30, 1802, in Charleston,
S. C.
BURKE, EDMUND, journalist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 23, 1809, in
Westminster, Vt. He was a member of
congress in 1839-45; and commissioner of
patents in 1845. He was the owner and
editor of The Spectator of Newport, N.
H., where he died Jan. 25, 1882.
BURKE, JAMES FRANCIS, lawyer,
was born Oct, 21, 1867, at Petroleum Cen
ter, Pa. He founded the American Re
publican College league, and became its
first president, establishing a branch or
ganization in every leading university of
the United States. He began the practice
of law in Pittsburg in 1893.
BURKE, JAMES L., lawyer, legislator,
was born March 24, 1850, in Gordon coun
ty, Ga. In 1872 he was a member of the
educational examining board of Gadsden,
Ala.; deputy clerk of circuit court in
1874 and the same year established the
Etowah Shield. In 1876 he was admitted
to the bar at Guntersville, Ala., of which
city he has been twice mayor. In 1884-
85 he represented Marshall county in the
general assembly of Alabama; and in
1896 received the democratic nomination
for state senator. He was a soldier in the
confederate army; the youngest member
of the nineteenth regiment Alabama in
fantry; and was wounded at Chiekamau-
ga before he was fourteen years old.
BURKE, JOHN EDMUND, clergyman,
was born Jan. 22, 1852, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
Becoming deeply interested in the spirit
ual condition of the colored Roman catho
lics of that city, and realizing their great
need of church accommodation, he, in
1878, voluntarily resigned his pastoral
charge to devote himself to supplying this
want of the colored Roman catholics.
BURKE, JOHN WILLIAM, clergyman,
journalist, was born Oct. 1, 1826, in Wat-
kinsville, Ga. For twenty-five years he
published the Christian Advocate; and
was public printer of the state of Geor
gia for a number of years.
BURKE, MAURICE FRANCIS, R. C.
bishop, was born May 15, 1845, in Ire
land. He was assistant at St. Mary's
church, Chicago, for the three subsequent
years, and afterward pastor of St. Mary's
church, Joliet, 111., till 1887, when he be
came bishop of Cheyenne, Wyoming ter
ritory.
BURKE, ROBERT EMMET, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Aug. 1, 1847, in Tallapoosa county, Ala.
He volunteered as a private in company
D, tenth Georgia cavalry, at the age of
sixteen, and served until the close of the
war. He removed to Texas in 1866 and lo
cated at Jefferson; and was admitted to
the bar in November, 1870. He was elect
ed county judge in 1878, serving three
consecutive terms; and was elected dis
trict judge in 1888, and was re-elected in
1892 without opposition. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
BURKE, STEVENSON, lawyer, jurist,
railroad president, was born Nov. 26, 1826,
in St. Lawrence county, N. Y. Since 1887
he has been president of the Toledo and
Ohio Central railroad; and of the Kanaw-
ha and Michigan railway, at Cleveland,
Ohio. For seven years during 1862-69 he
was judge of common pleas.
BURKE, THOMAS, physician, lawyer,
governor, author, was born in 1747, in
Ireland. In 1776 he was a member of the
provincial congress at Halifax, and a vol
unteer at the battle of Brandywine. He
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1777 to 1781; in the latter year was
chosen governor of North Carolina; while
in that position was seized by the tories
as a prisoner of state, and, being trans
ferred to Charleston, was sent, by General
Leslie, to James' island on parole, where
he was detained as a hostage. Becoming
exasperated, after four months' imprison
ment, he determined to escape, in which
purpose he was successful. He addressed
a letter to General Leslie, informing him
of his reasons for withdrawing, but con
sidered himself subject <to the disposal of
the British authority; an exchange was
effected by General Greene, and he re
turned to his position as governor; re
tired from public life the next year. He
died Dec. 2, 1783, in Hillsborough.
BURKHART, JOSEPH ELIJAH, sol
dier, farmer, clergyman, was born Jan.
3, 1838, in Butler, Pa. During the civil
war he enlisted as a private soldier in
company A, sixth regiment Pennsylvania
heavy artillery, and served till the close
•f the war. In 1872 he was ordained a
clergyman in the united brethren church,
and followed that calling for twelve
years. He has been a delegate several
times to the Kansas congressional con
ventions; and in 1892 was a republican
candidate for the legislature. He has
filled the editor's chair on several Kan
sas newspapers; and contributed exten
sively to the periodical press and several
of his poems have been incorporated in
standard works.
BURKS, EDWARD C., lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, was born May 20, 1821. In
1842 he graduated from the law depart
ment of the university of Virginia. Dur
ing 1861-63 he served as a member of
the Virginia state legislature. In 1876 he
was elected judge of the supreme court
of appeals. He was president of the Vir
ginia State Bar association; and in 1895
became editor-in-chief of the Virginia
Law Register. He died July 4, 1897, in
Bedford City, Va., which is in the county
of his birth.
BURLEIGH. CHARLES, physician,
genealogist, was born Feb. 26, 1855, in
Lewiston, Maine. This eminent physician
is the author of the Burleigh and Guild
Genealogies, and a prolific contributor to
historical and genealogical publications.
BURLEIGH, CHARLES C., abolitionist,
lawyer, journalist, author, was born Nov.
10, 1810, in Plainfield, Conn. He, with his
brother, edited an abolitionist newspaper
called The Unionist. He was one of the
earliest advocates of women's rights and
of liberalism in religion, as he was also
of temperance principles, in behalf of
which he spoke frequently. He was the
author of Thoughts on the Death Penal
ty (1845), and a tract on the Sabbath,
which advanced anti-Sabbatarian views.
He died June 14. 1878, in Florence, Mass.
BURLEIGH, EDWIN C., state legisla
tor, governor, was born Nov. 27, 1843, in
Linneus, Maine. In 1885 he was elected
treasurer of the state of Maine; re-elected
in 1887; and in 1888 was elected its gov
ernor.
BURLEIGH, GEORGE SHEPARD, au
thor, was born March 26, 1821, in Plain-
field, Conn. He is the author of Anti-
Slavery Hymns; The Maniac and Other
Poems; and Signal Fires, or The Trail of
The Pathfinder.
BURLEIGH, HENRY G., state legisla
tor, congressman, was born June 2, 1832,
in Canaan, N. Y. He was a representa
tive in the state legislature in 1875; was
elected a representative, from New York,
to the forty-eighth congress without op
position; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth congress.
BURLEIGH, JOHN H., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Oct. 9, 1832, in
South Berwick, Maine. He commanded
a ship on foreign voyages seven years;
left the sea in 1853 and engaged in man
ufacturing. He was a member of the
state house of representatives in 1862,
1864, 1866, and 1872; delegate-at-large to
the national republican convention at
Baltimore in 1864; and was elected to tue
forty-third and forty-fourth congresses
as a republican.
BURLEIGH, WALTER A., congress
man, was a delegate from the territory of
Dakota to the thirty-ninth congress, and
re-elected to the fortieth congress.
BURLEIGH, WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Rockingham, N.
H. He was a representative in congress
from South Berwick, Maine, for two
terms, from 1823 to 1827. He died in
July, 1827.
BURLEIGH, WILLIAM HENRY, jour
nalist, poet, was born Feb. 2, 1812, in
Woodstock, Conn. He is an anti-slavery
journalist of Hartford and elsewhere who
won some notice as a poet. He died
March 18, 1871, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BURLESON, RUFUS COLUMBUS, cler
gyman, college president, was born Aug.
7, 1823, near Decatur, Ala. He was edu
cated at the Nash
ville university and
the Western Baptist
Theological insti
tute. After gradu
ating in 1847 he im
mediately became
pastor of the First
baptist church of
Houston, Tex. Af
ter three years of
eminent success, he
was elected presi
dent of Baylor uni
versity, which position he has filled for
nearly half a century. Only two men in
the United States have held the responsi
ble position as long as Dr. Burleson. He
has instructed over eight thousand stu
dents, male and female, many of whom
now occupy the most eminent positions
in Texas and the adjoining states. He has
preached and lectured on education in
every town and city in Texas; and al
though seventy-five years of age he toils
every day, and enjoys vigorous health.
BURLESON, SOLOMON S., lawyer,
missionary, was born Jan. 31, 1833, in
Cortland, N. Y. He studied medicine un
der his father; taught school; and was
admitted to the bar in 1855. In 1858 he
moved to Wabasha, Minn., where he pub
lished the Minnesota Patriot, and the
North Pepin Independent; and also suc
cessfully practiced law, and became dis
trict attorney. In 1862 he entered holy
orders and became missionary to the
Oneida Indians, in northern Wisconsin.
He died in 1896.
BURLING. GILBERT, painter, was
born in 1843. He excelled in studies of
game birds. He died in 1875.
1.4
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BURLINGAME, ANSON, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Nov. 14,
1820, in New Berlin, N. Y. In 1852 he was
elected to the state senate; in 1853 was
a member of the convention for revising
the constitution of Massachusetts; and
was elected a representative in the thir
ty-fourth, thirty-fifth, and thirty-sixth
congresses. In 1861 he was appointed
minister to Austria, and subsequently to
China, and in 1867 accepted a diplomatic
appointment from China to the European
powers, as well as to the United States.
He died Feb. 23, 1870, in St. Petersburg,
Russia.
BURLINGAME, EDWARD LIVER-
MORE, journalist, author, was born May
30, 1848, in Boston, Mass. He traveled
extensively in Japan and China in 1866,
and afterward in Europe. He was on the
editorial staff of the New York Tribune
in 1871, and on that for the revision of
the American Cyclopaedia in 1872-76. In
1879 he became connected editorially with
the publishing house of Charles Scribner's
Sons, New York, and in 1886 was appoint
ed editor of its new magazine. He has
translated and edited Art Life and Theo
ries of Richard Wagner.
BURLINGAME, JAMES MONTGOM
ERY, lawyer, legislator, author, was born
March 24, 1836, in Sterling, Conn. He
was educated in the Plainfield academy,
Connecticut, and the university of Michi
gan. During 1862-64 he taught in the Al
bany female seminary; in 1864-66 served
in the federal army; and in 1866 he be
came editor of the Illinois Tribune of
Decatur. During 1872-82 he was prose
cuting attorney in Minnesota; city attor
ney of Owatonna during 1872-80. In 1885
he became a member of the Minnesota
state legislature.
BURNAP, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 30,
1802, in Merrimack, N. H. He was a uni-
tarian clergyman of Baltimore; promi
nent as a controversialist; and was the
author of Popular Objections to Unitarian
Christianity Considered; What is a Uni
tarian; Lectures to Young Men; Lectures
on the History, of Christianity; and
Christianity, its Essence and Evidence.
He died Sept. 8, 1859, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BURNELL, BARKER, state legislator,
congressman, was born in Nantucket,
Mass. When only twenty-two years of
age he was chosen a member of the house
of representatives in his native common
wealth; and a few years later passed into
the senatorial body, where, in spite of his
youth, he became a leading member. He
sat also in the convention which framed
the present constitution of Massachu
setts; took an active part in the Harris-
burg convention of 1840; and served as a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1841 to 1843. He died June
4, 1843, in Washington, D. C.
BURNELL, GEORGE W., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in December. 1838, in St.
Albans, Vt. In 1862 he enlisted in the
union army, taking part in the numerous
engagements of the armies of the Po
tomac and James, as sergeant, lieutenant
and captain. In 1865 he moved to
Oshkosh, Wis., where he engaged in the
practice of the law, and was for several
terms district attorney of Winnebago
county. He was appointed to the circuit
judgeship by Governor Rusk in 1884.
BURNES, DANIEL DEE, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 4, 1851, in Ring-
gold. Mo. He was elected to the flfty-
third congress as a democrat.
BURNES, JAMES NELSON, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Aug. 22,
•e SBM. 9H 'PUI '^junoo UBSapw ut 'g
presidential elector in 1856; circuit attor
ney in 1857; and in 1868 was unanimously
elected judge of the court of common
pleas, and served four years. He then
engaged in railroad construction and
other business; and was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the forty-
eighth and forty-ninth congresses as a
democrat.
BURNET, DAVID G., Texan politician,
was born April 4, 1789, in Newark, N. J.
In 1836 he gave over the government of
Texas into the hands of Houston, the
constitutionally elected president. He
was afterward elected vice-president, and,
after the admission of Texas into the un
ion, lived in retirement near the battle
field of San Jacinto. He remained in the
south during the civil war, and at its
close was elected, in 1866, to the United
States senate from Texas, but congress
refused to admit him. After that he re
sided in retirement on his plantation near
Houston. He died Dec. 5, 1870, in Galves-
ton, Texas.
BURNET, JACOB, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, author, was born
Feb. 22, 1770, in Newark, N. J. He was a
member of the first legislative council of
Ohio in 1799. In 1821 he was appointed
one of the judges of the supreme court
of Ohio, which commission he resigned in
December, 1828, and was immediately af
terward elected to the senate of the
United States, to fill a vacancy, serving
until 1831. He was the first president of
the Astronomical Society of Cincinnati,
and was for many years the president gf
the Colonization Society of Hamilton
county. In 1847 he published a volume
entitled Notes on the Early Settlement
of the Northwestern Territory, which
contained much interesting information,
especially as to Ohio, the progress of
which he witnessed from a territory. He
died May 10, 1853, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
BURNET, ROBERT, agriculturist, sol
dier, was born Sept. 22, 1762, in Little
Briton, N. Y. He served in the revolu
tionary war and was promoted to the
rank of major. He died Dec. 1, 1854.
BURNET, WILLIAM, colonial gov
ernor, was born March, 1688, in Holland.
He was governor of Massachusetts from
1725 to 1729. He died Sept. 7, 1729.
BURNET, WILLIAM, physician, con
gressman, was born Dec. 13, 1730, in Eliz
abeth, N. J. He held at different times
various offices in the state government,
was elected to congress under the confed
eration in 1776; was a member of con
gress in 1780-81; and surgeon-general of
the eastern district of the United States
from 1776 till the close of the revolution
ary war. He died Oct. 7, 1791, in Newark,
N. J.
BURNETT, CYNTHIA S., educator,
temperance reformer, was born May 1,
1840, in Hartford, Ohio. She studied four
years in the Western Reserve seminary,
graduating therefrom in 1868. She then
taught Latin in the Orwell Norman insti
tute, and three years later filled the chair
of languages in Beaver college. She has
since become a popular lecturer and or
ganizer in the cause of temperance. She
is now preceptress in the Farmington col
lege, of Ohio.
BURNETT, E., congressman, was born
March 16, 1849, in Boston, Mass. He was
elected to the fiftieth congress as a demo
crat.
BURNETT, EDWIN CLARK, physi
cian, was born Jan. 19, 1854, in Mansfield,
Ohio. In 1884 he moved to St. Louis, Mo.,
where he soon established a large and
lucrative practice.
BURNETT, MRS. FRANCES ELIZA
(HODGSON), author, was born Nov. 24,
1849, in England. She is a popular writer
of fiction, whose first successful book was
That Lass o' Lowrie's, a powerful tale of
Lancashire life. Her other works, of
varying degrees of excellence, include
Earlier Stories, first and second series;
Haworth; A Fair Barbarian; Through
One Administration; Louisiana; Esmer-
alda; Vagabondia, Surly Tim, and Other
Stories; The Pretty Sister of Jose; A
Lady of Quality. As a writer for young
people her success has been very marked;
and besides Little Lord Fauntleroy, the
most popular of all her books, her juven
ile writings comprise Sara Crewe; Pic-
cino and Other Child Stories; Little Saint
Elizabeth; Two Little Pilgrims' Progress;
Giovanni and the Other; and The One I
Knew the Best of All, an autobiographic
tale.
BURNETT, FRANK C., soldier, mer
chant, congressman, was born March 19,
1842, in Wyoming, Pa. He enlisted in the
fifty-second Pennsylvania volunteers;
was promoted, and, after serving through
the peninsular campaign, was discharged
in 1863, on a surgeon's certificate of dis
ability. He was in mercantile pursuits
from 1864 to 1869; then engaged in bank
ing; and was elected a representative in
the forty-second congress to fill a vacan
cy.
BURNETT, HENRY CLAY, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 5, 1825,
in Essex county, Va. He was a repre
sentative in the thirty-fourth and thirty-
fifth, thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh con
gresses. He was expelled for treasonable
conduct in 1861, and took part in the re
bellion. He died Oct. 1, 1866, in Hopkin-
ton, Ky.
BURNETT, JAMES G., poet, was born
in 1868, in New York. He was the author
of Love and Laughter, a collection of
poems. He died in 1893.
BURNETT, JAMES KENNEDY, or-
chardist, legislator, was born Jan. 24,
1862, in San Louis, Cal. He received the
rudiments of his education in the public
schools, and attended the university of
the Pacific and the university of Southern
California. He is a successful orchardist
of Paso Robles, Cal.; was a delegate of
the people's party to the national conven
tion of 1896; and in 1897 served with dis
tinction in the thirty-second session of the
state assembly of the California legisla
ture.
BURNETT, JOHN, lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born July 4, 1831, in Pike
county, Mo. He has had a varied and
successful career as a lawyer; has de
fended at different times thirty different
men charged with the crime of muruer,
none of whom were hung, and only five
convicted of any offense. He has been
county judge, circuit judge, supreme court
judge, and served with distinction as a
state senator of the Oregon legislature,
taking an active part on some of the most
important committees.
BURNETT, PETER HARDEMAN, law
yer, governor, author, was born Nov. 15,
1807, in Nashville, Tenn. He was a Cal
ifornia lawyer, who was the first gov
ernor of that state. He was also a judge
of the United States court for the terri
tory of Oregon. He was the author of
The Path Which Led a Protestant Law
yer to the Catholic church; The Amer
ican Theory of Government; Recollec
tions and Opinions of an Old Pioneer;
and Reasons Why We Should Believe in
God. He died in 1895.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
175
BURNETT, SAWN MOSES, physician,
lecturer, author, was born March 16, 1847,
in New Market, Tenn. In 1878 he found
ed the eye and ear clinic at the Central
Dispensary, and became ophthalmic and
aural surgeon to the Garfleld hospital.
He was president of the Medical society of
the District of Columbia. He is a noted
lecturer, and the author of a work en
titled Treatise on Astigmatism.
BURNETT, WALDO IRVING, natural
ist, author, was born July 12, 1828, .in
Southborough, Mass. He was a natural
ist of Boston, and the author of The Cell,
its Physiology, Pathology, and Philos
ophy. He died July 1, 1854, in Boston,
Mass.
BURNETT, WILLIAM, congressman.
He graduated at Princeton college in 1749,
and was a delegate from New Jersey to
the continental congress in 1780 and 1781.
He died in 1791.
BURNEY, STANFORD GUTHRIE, ed
ucator, clergyman, author, was born in
1814, in Tennessee. He is a Cumberland
Presbyterian divine, and professor of
systematic theology at Cumberland uni
versity. He is the author of Treatise on
Elocution; Baptismal Regeneration:
Atonement and Law Reviewed; Chart of
Duty; Soteriology; Studies in Moral Sci
ence; Studies in Psychology; and Studies
in Theology.
BURNHAM, ALFRED A., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born March 8, 1819, In
Windham, Conn. He was elected to the
Connecticut legislature in 1844 and 1845;
was subsequently appointed judge of pro
bate for the district of Danbury; and in
1850 was again elected to the state legis
lature. In 1857 he was lieutenant-gov
ernor of Connecticut; and in 1858 was
again elected to the legislature, and made
speaker. In 1859 he was elected a repre
sentative from Connecticut to the thirty-
sixth congress, and re-elected to the thir
ty-seventh congress.
BURNHAM, BENJAMIN F., educator,
lawyer, jurist, author, was born Oct. 2,
1831, in Sharon, Vt. He graduated from
Dartmouth college; was judge advocate,
New Orleans, La.; and judge of the muni
cipal court of Boston, Mass. He is a
successful lawyer, educator, and law and
theological author.
BURNHAM, MRS. CLARA LOUISE,
author, was born May 25, 1854, in Newton,
Mass. She is the author of No Gentle
men;. A Sane Lunatic; Dearly Bought;
Next Door; Young Maids and Old; The
Mistress of Beech Knoll; Miss Bagg's Sec
retary, a West Point Romance; Dr. Lat-
imer, a story of Casco Bay; Sweet Clover;
and The Wise Woman.
BURNHAM, CURTIS F.. lawyer, state
legislator, financier, was born May 24,
1820, in Richmond, Ky. He was elected
to the state legislature; and in 1852 was
a presidential elector. In 1875 he was ap
pointed assistant secretary of the treas
ury.
BURNHAM, FREDERICK A., lawyer,
was born Jan. 7, 1851, in Burrillville, R. I.
He has attained success as a noted law
yer of New York city.
BURNHAM, GORDON WEBSTER,
manufacturer, was born March 20, 1803, in
Hampton, Conn. He became president of
the Waterbury Clock Co., the Waterbury
Watch Co., the Waterbury Brass Co., and
the American Pin Co. In 1876 he pre
sented to New York city a heroic bronze
statue of Webster by Thomas Ball, which
was erected in Central park. His own
monument in Greenwood, built some
years prior to his death, is one of the fin
est in the cemetery. He died March 18,
1885, in New York city.
BURNHAM, HIRAM, soldier, was born
in Maine. At the second battle of Fred-
ericksburg he distinguished himself for
bravery and courage, and again at Get
tysburg. In April, 1864, he was made
brigadier-general, and during the cam
paign from the Wilderness to Petersburg
he bore a conspicuous part. He was killed
in battle Sept. 29, 1864.
BURNHAM, JAMES C., soldier, was
born about 1820, in New York. After the
fall of Colonel Baxter he commanded the
regiment at the storming of Chapultepec,
was promoted to be lieutenant-colonel
Sept. 27, 1847, and led the regiment
through the several battles around the
city of Mexico, distinguishing himself in
the attack on the Belen gate. After the
war Colonel Burnham was city marshal
of New York under Mayor Wood, and was
a prominent politician for several years.
He died Sept. 2, 1866, in New York.
BURNHAM, JOHN HOWARD, soldier,
journalist, bridge builder, was born Oct.
31, 1834, in Essex, Mass. He was captain
in company A, thirty-third Illinois volun
teer infantry, during the civil war. In
1864 he was superintendent of public
schools at Bloomington, 111., where for
several years he was the editor of the
Pantagraph. As a bridge contractor he
has been instrumental in the building of
some of the largest bridges in Illinois
and the West.
BURNHAM, MICHAEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 28, 1839, in Essex,
Mass. This eminent congregational cler
gyman is now pastor of the Pilgrim
church of St. Louis, Mo. He is the au
thor of numerous pamphlets and orations.
BURNHAM, SAMUEL, author, was
born in 1833, in Rindge. N. H. He wrote
the history of East Boston, several small
volumes for the American tract society
on natural history, was one of the editors
of the Congregationalist, literary editor
of the Watchman and Reflector, a corre
spondent for periodicals, edited Charles
Sumner's works, and at the time of his
death had nearly completed a history of
the Old South church of Boston. He died
June 22, 1873, in Boston, Mass.
BURNHAM, SARAH MARIA, author,
was born in 1818, in Chester, Vt. She is
the author of Limestones and Marbles,
their History and Uses; Struggles of the
Nations; and Pleasant Memories of For
eign Travel; and other works.
BURNHAM, SHERBURNE W., astron
omer, author, was born in 1838, in Ver
mont. He was astronomer at Lick Ob
servatory from its foundation to 1892;
and is now connected with Yerkes' Ob
servatory and the university of Chicago.
He is the author of a number of scientific
works, and has contributed valuable pa
pers to current magazines.
BURNHAM, THOMAS BROWNELL,
manufacturer, was born Jan. 30, 1866, in
New York city. He is a director in the
Benedict and Burnham Manufacturing
Co., Holmes, Booth and Haydens, brass
manufacturers, and The Waterbury
Watch Co., all of Waterbury, Conn. He
is also a large stockholder and director
in The Sixth Avenue railroad of New
York city.
BURNHAM, VICTOR C., farmer, lawyer,
public official, was born April 23, 1851, in
Wayne county, Mich. He graduated from
the university of Michigan. He has
served as mayor of Rogers City; has been
city attorney; circuit court commissioner;
and prosecuting attorney of Alpena coun
ty. He has served as city attorney and
city judge of Alpena; and also as United
States commissioner.
BURNS, JAMES AUSTIN, soldier, edu
cator, author, was born Jan. 25, 1840, in
Oxford, Maine. In August, 1861, he en
tered the United States volunteer service
as lieutenant in the seventh Connecticut
infantry, and was promoted to be cap
tain in 1862. Subsequent to the war he
settled in Atlanta, Ga., where he has fol
lowed the profession of civil engineering
and also filled the chair of chemistry in
the Southern Medical college in Atlanta.
He has published a series of Juxtaliuear
Translations of the Classics.
BURNS, JOHN, soldier, was born Sept.
5, 1793, in Burlington, N. J. He was
among the first to volunteer for the war
of 1812; was present in the actions at
Plattsburg, Queenstown and Lundy's.
Lane, in which last-named engagement he
was one of Colonel Miller's regiment that
captured the British battery in the cen
ter and turned the tide in favor of the
Americans. He volunteered promptly for
the war with Mexico, and again for the
civil war. He died Feb. 7, 1872, in Get
tysburg, Pa.
BURNS, JOHN M., lawyer, state sen
ator, jurist, was born March 11, 1825, in
Lawrence county, Ky. He has been a
member of the Kentucky state legislature,
state senator, and circuit court judge, em
bracing seven counties. A good portion
of his time was spent in the revenue
service of the government, and in public
speaking on national and political is
sues.
BURNS, JOSEPH, congressman, was
born March 11, 1800, in Waynesborough,
Va. He was elected from the state of
Ohio a representative in the thirty-fifth
congress.
BURNS, ROBERT, state senator, con
gressman, was born in New Hampshire.
He served three years in the state legisla
ture as senator and representative; and
was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from 1833 to 1837. He
died June 20, 1866, in Plymouth, N. H.
BURNS, WILLIAM HENRY, railroad
president, was born in July, 1848, in Bos
ton, Mass. Since 1890 he has been presi
dent of the Montana Union railway at
Butte, Mont.
BURNS, WILLIAM WALLACE, soldier,
was born Sept. 3, 1825, in Coshocton,
Ohio. From 1843 till 1847 he was a cadet
at the United States military academy.
Joining the third infantry after gradu
ation, he served through the war with
Mexico, and, after ten years of frontier,
garrison and recruiting service, received
a staff appointment as captain and com
missary of subsistence.
BURNSIDE, AMBROSE EVERETT,
general, manufacturer, governor, United
States senator, was born May 23, 1824, in
Liberty, Ind. He
served with credit
on the frontier as an
officer of artillery;
and in 1853 resigned
his commission and
turned his attention
to the manufacture
of guns, and invent
ed the rifle which
bears his name.
During the whole
progress of the civil
war his services as
a general will always be treasured in the
military history of his country. In
1866 he was elected governor of Rhode
Island; and in 1875 took his seat in the
senate of the United States for the term
ending in 1881. He died Sept. 3, 1881, in
Bristol, R. I.
176
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BURNSIDE, JOHN, planter, was born
about 1800, in Ireland. At the time of his
death he was the largest sugar-planter
in the United States. About 1852 he began
to invest money in sugar lands, and
eventually owned ten of the finest planta
tions in the sugar district of Louisiana,
and the finest residence in New Orleans.
In spite of the loss of more than two
thousand slaves, he was among the first
to try sugar-planting with free labor on
a large scale, and his success had much
influence in re-establishing the broken
industries and credit of the south. He
died June 29, 1881, in White Sulphur
Springs, Va.
BURNSIDE, THOMAS, jurist, congress
man. He was an associate justice of the
supreme court of Pennsylvania; and was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1815 to 1816, when he resigned.
He died March 25, 1827, in Germantown,
Va.
BURNZ. ELIZA B., educator, was born
Oct. 31, 1823, in England. For three years
she conducted classes in New York at the
Mercantile library; and from 1872 to 1889
instructed the free evening classes at
Cooper union, which were established
solely at her instigation. She was the or
ganizer of the League for Short Spelling,
and is now its president.
BURR. AARON, clergyman, educator,
author, was born Jan. 4, 1716, in Fairfield,
Conn. He was a presbyterian clergyman,
and was president of Princeton college.
He married a daughter of Jonathan Ed
wards, and his son was the noted Vice-
president Aaron Burr. His Latin Gram
mar was long in use at Princeton as the
Newark Grammar. His only other work
was The Supreme Divinity of our Lord
Jesus Christ. He died Sept. 24, 1757.
BURR, AARON, soldier, statesman,
vice-president of the United States, was
born Feb. 6, 1756, in Newark, N. J. In
1777 he was ap
pointed lieutenant-
colonel, and distin
guished himself as
an able and brave
officer. He was ap
pointed attorney-
general of New York
in 1789; and from
1791 to 1797 was a
member of the
United States sen
ate. At the election
of president of the
United States for the fourth presidential
term Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr
had each seventy-three votes, and the
choice was decided by congress, on the
thirty-sixth ballot, in favor of Jefferson
for president and Burr for vice-president.
On the 12th of July. 1804, Colonel Burr
gave Alexander Hamilton, long his pro
fessional rival and political opponent, a
mortal wound in a duel. He died Sept.
14, 1836, on Staten Island, N. Y.
BURR, ALBERT G., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1829, in Illinois.
He was elected to the Illinois legislature
in 1861; was a member of the state con
stitutional convention of 1862; and author
of the address to the people accompanying
the constitution. He was re-elected in
1863; and was elected a representative
from Illinois to the fortieth and forty-
first congresses. In 1877 he was elected
judge of the seventh circuit of the state,
and was re-elected in 1879 for the full
term of six years. He died June 10, 1882,
in Carrollton, 111.
BURR, ALFRED E., journalist, was
born March 27, 1815, in Hartford, Conn.
In 1841 he became the sole owner and pro
prietor of The Times of Hartford, Conn.
BURR, CLEMENT FRANKLIN, farmer,
legislator, was born Feb. 22, 1849, in
Worthington, Mass. He is a successful
farmer; has held numerous public of
fices of trust in his native city; and has
served with distinction as a representa
tive in the general court of the Massa
chusetts state legislature.
BURR, ENOCH FITCH, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 21, 1818, in Green's
Farms, Conn. He has been a congrega
tional clergyman of
Lyme, Conn., since
1850; and is the au
thor of Pater Mundi;
Ad Fidem; Doctrine
of Evolution; Ecce
Ccelum; Sunday
Afternoons for Little
People; About Spir
itualism; Toward
the Strait Gate; Ecce
Terra; Work in the
Vineyard; From
Dark to Day; Facts
in Aid of Faith; Celestial Empires; Uni
versal Beliefs: Long Ago as Interpreted
by the 19th Century; Tempted to Unbe
lief; Dio the Athenian; The Voyage, and
Other Poems; and Aleph, the Chaldean.
BURR, GEORGE LINCOLN, educator,
clergyman, was born in 1857, in New
York. He has been a professor of his
tory at Cornell university since 1892; and
is the author of The Literature of Witch
craft; The Fate of Dietrick Flade; and
Charlemagne.
BURR, HENRY AARON, manufacturer,
inventor, was born in 1810, in Canaan. N.
Y. In 1845 he began to experiment with
hat-making machines, finally obtaining
a patent and beginning the manufacture
of hats. His invention was eminently suc
cessful, giving him a virtual monopoly of
the industry until his patents expired in
1872. He died Dec. 25, 1884, in New York.
BURR, PORTER WILEY, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Feb. 1, 1852, in Mercer,
Maine. He received his education in the
Griswold college and the Iowa state uni
versity. He has attained prominence as
a successful lawyer of Charles City, Iowa;
has served with distinction as city attor
ney and mayor of that city. He has also
been judge of the twelfth judicial district
of Iowa; and takes a prominent part in
public affairs.
BURR, THEODOSIA, was born in 1783,
in New York city. After her mother's
death in 1794 Theodosia became mistress
of her father's house and the companion
of his leisure hours. On Feb. 2, 1801, she
married Joseph Alston, a wealthy and
talented young planter of South Carolina,
who in after years became governor of
his native state. The devotion of Theo
dosia to her father approached idolatry;
through all the disasters of his career she
clung to him with unshaken fidelity. She
and her husband were cognizant of her
father's scheme to become emperor of
Mexico; her son was to be the heir to the
throne, and when Burr was brought to
trial at Richmond his daughter was there,
and, by the power of her beauty and in
tellectual graces, did much to stay the tor
rent of popular indignation and secure a
favorable verdict. She died at sea, in
January, 1813.
BURR, WILLARD, musician, composer,
was born Jan. 7, 1852, in Ravenna, Ohio.
He is a noted physician of Boston, Mass.;
and the composer of much chamber music,
numerous piano pieces, and songs.
BURR, WILLIAM HUBERT, civil engi
neer, author, was born in 1851, in Con
necticut. He is a civil engineer of promi
nence; and has been professor of engi
neering at Columbia college since 1893.
He is the author of Stresses in Bridge and
Roof Trusses; The Theory of the Mason
ry Arch; and Elasticity and Resistance
of the Materials of Engineering.
BURRAGE, HENRY SWEETSER, sol
dier, clergyman, journalist, author, was
born Jan. 7, 1837, in Fitchburg, Mass. He
is the editor of Zion's Herald, Portland,
Maine; and the author of Brown Univer
sity in the Civil War; The Act of Bap
tism in the History of the Christian
Church; History of the Anabaptists in
Switzerland; History of Baptists in New
England; History of the 37th Massa
chusetts Regiment; and Baptist Hymn
Writers and their Hymns.
BURRALL, WILLIAM PORTER, law
yer, state senator, railroad president, was
born in 1806, in Canaan, Conn. He prac
ticed law in his native town until October,
1839, when he was chosen president of
the Housatonic Railroad company, and re
moved to Bridgeport, Conn. He removed
to Salisbury, Conn., in 1859; subsequently
represented that town several times ir.
the general assembly; and was also a
member of the state senate. He died
March 3, 1874, in Hartford, Conn.
BURRELL, JONATHAN, soldier, was
born in 1753. In 1776 he joined the north
ern army under Schuyler. His talents
soon procured him the appointment of
assistant paymaster. He was afterward
assistant postmaster-general; and cashier
of the United States branch bank of New
York. He died Nov. 18, 1834, in Goahon,
N. Y.
BURRELL, J. M., jurist, was born in
Pennsylvania. He was appointed a judge
of the United States court for the terri
tory of Kansas.
BURRELL, ORLANDO, soldier, jurist,
congressman, was born in Bradford coun
ty, Pa. He raised a company of cavalry
in 1861; was elected captain of it, and
joined the first regiment Illinois cavalry.
He was elected county judge in 1873, and
re-elected in 1877; and was elected sheriff
in 1886. His occupation has been farming
and stock raising. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
BURRILL, ALEXANDER MANS-
FIELD, jurist, author, was born in 1807,
in New York. He was a noted New York
jurist; and the author of Practice of the
Supreme Court of New York; Law Dic
tionary and Glossary; Law and Practice
of Voluntary Assignments; and Circum
stantial Evidence. He died Feb. 7, 1869,
in Kearney, N. J.
BURRILL, JAMES, statesman, was born
April 25, 1772, in Providence, R. I. He
was attorney-general of Rhode Island
from 1797 till 1813. He was a member of
the legislature in 1813, speaker in 1814,
and chief justice of the state supreme
court in 1816. He was chosen United
States senator in 1817; but died before
the expiration of his term. He died Dec.
25, 1820, in Washington, D. C.
BURRILL, THOMAS JONATHAN, nat
uralist, was born April 25, 1839, in
Pittsfield, Mass. From 1877 till 1884
he was dean of the American A«o-
ciation for the Advancement of Science;
and in 1885-86 president of the Ameri
can Society of Microscopists. He edited
the biennial reports of the uni\ ersicy
of Illinois during the years 1874 to
1886, and has written many papers and
pamphlets, among which are The Bac
teria; and the Uredineae, or Parasitic
Fungi of Illinois.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
177
BURRITT, ELIHU, reformer, linguist,
author, was born Dec. 8, 1811, in New
Britain, Conn. He was a famous linguist
who was called The Learned Blacksmith,
from the fact that much of his education
was obtained while working at the forge
in Worcester, Mass. He was a noted
peace reformer, and was for some years
consul at Birmingham. Few of his writ
ings have the literary quality to any ex
tent, and they form rather dry reading.
He was the author of Sparks from the An
vil; A Voice from the Forge; Peace Pa
pers for the People; Olive Leaves;
Thoughts of Things at Home and Abroad;
Hand-book of the Nations; A Walk from
John O'Groat's to Land's End; The Mis
sion of Great Sufferings; Walks in the
Black Country; Lectures and Speeches;
Ten-Minute Talks; Chips from Many
Blocks; and Prayers and Devotional Med
itations. He died March 9, 1879, in New
Britain, Conn.
BURRITT, JAMES, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born April 25,
1772, in Providence, R. I. He was attor
ney-general of the state of Rhode Island
from 1797 to 1813; was a member and
speaker of the assembly in 1814; was chief
justice of the state in 1816 and was elected
to the United States senate in 1816. He
died Dec. 25, 1820, in Washington, D. C.
BURROUGHS, CHARLES, clergyman,
author, poet, was born Dec. 27, 1787, in
Boston, Mass. He was for thirty years
president of the New Hampshire insane
asylum and was for nearly forty years an
nually elected president of the Portsmouth
athenaeum. He was elected in 1842 corre
sponding member of the Massachusetts
historical society, and was president of
the general theological library of Boston
from its establishment until his death. He
published Memoirs of Horace B. Morse
(1829), and The Poetry of Religion, and
Other Poems. He died March 5, 1868, in
Portsmouth, N. H.
BURROUGHS, GEORGE STOCKTON,
clergyman, educator, college president,
was born Jan. 6, 1855, in Waterloo, N. Y.
This eminent minister and educator was
professor of biblical literature in Am-
herst college from 1886-92, when he was
elected president of Wabash college of
Crawfordsville, Ind. He is a director of
the American Institute of Hebrew, and of
the American Institute of Sacred Litera
ture.
BURROUGHS, JOHN, author, poet,
was born April 3, 1837, in Roxbury, N. Y.
He is a noted essayist of New York, whose
keen, sympathetic studies of nature have
been very popular both in America and
England. He is the author of Wake-Rob
in; Winter Sunshine; Birds and Poets;
Locusts and Wild Honey; Pepacton;
Fresh Fields; Signs and Seasons; In
door Studies; Riverby; Whitman: A
Study.
BURROUGHS, JOHN CURTIS, educa
tor, was born Dec. 7, 1818, in Stamford,
N. Y. In 1855 he began a movement in
the interests of higher education, which
resulted in the establishment, in 1857, of
the university of Chicago. In 1856 he ac
cepted the presidency of the university
of Chicago, which he resigned in 1874.
Soon afterward he was appointed a mem
ber of the Chicago board of education,
and in 18S4 he was elected assistant su
perintendent of public schools in that city.
BURROUGHS, SILAS M., state legisla
tor, congressman, was born in New York.
He served four years in the legislature of
that state; and was elected a representa
tive to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth
congresses. He died June 3, 1860, in Me
dina, N. Y.
12
BURROWES. GEORGE, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born April 3, 1811, in
Trenton, N. J. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman of San Francisco, and professor of
Hebrew in the Presbyterian seminary
there. He is the author of Commentary
on the Song of Solomon; Octorara, a Po
em, and Occasional Pieces; and Advanced
Growth in Grace.
BURROWS, DANIEL, congressman, was
born in Groton, Conn. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Connecticut
from 1821 to 1823.
BURROWS, JOSEPH H., state legisla
tor, congressman, was born May 15, 1810,
in England. He was a representative in
the state legislature from 1870 to 1874, and
from 1878 to 1880. He was elected a rep
resentative from Missouri to the forty-
seventh congress.
BURROWS, JULIUS C., lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
Jan. 9, 1837, in North East, Pa. He was
an officer in the union army in 1862-64;
and prosecuting attorney of Kalamazoo
county in 1865-67. He was elected a rep
resentative to the forty-third, forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses; and
elected a delegate at large from Michigan
to the national republican convention at
Chicago in 1884. He was elected to the
forty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses, twice elected speaker pro tern-
pore of the house of representatives dur
ing the fifty-first congress, and was elect
ed to the fifty-second, fifty-third and fifty-
fourth congresses as a republican. He
resigned his seat in the house in 1895 to
assume the office of United States sena
tor from Michigan for term expiring in
1899.
BURROWS, LANSING, clergyman,
journalist, was born April 10, 1843, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is editor of the
American Baptist Year Book; is one of the
leading pulpit orators of the country; and
has won repute as a powerful minister in
the best churches of the north and south.
BURROWS, LORENZO, congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1849 to 1853; and in 1855 was elect
ed comptroller of New York.
BURRUS, JOHN HOUSTON, educator,
lawyer, was born Feb. 22, 1849, near Mur-
freesboro, Tenn. He received his educa
tion in private schools and at the Fisk
university. He has attained prominence
as an able lawyer of Nashville, Tenn. Dur
ing 1877-79 he was an instructor in the
Fisk university and during 1883-93 was
president of the Ahorn A. and M. col
lege of Rodney, Miss.
BURT, ARMISTEAD, lawyer, congress
man, was born Nov. 16, 1802, in Edgefield,
S. C. He was a representative in con
gress from South Carolina from 1843 to
1853; and during a part of the thirtieth
congress officiated as speaker of the house
of representatives. He was a delegate
to the New York convention of 1868. He
died Oct. 30, 1883, in Abbeville, S. C.
BURT, FRANCIS, governor, was born
in 1809 in Pendleton, S. C. He was ap
pointed third auditor of the treasury by
President Pierce, but resigned that office
in 1854 to accept the governorship of Ne
braska. He died Oct. 18, 1854, in Belle-
vue, Neb.
BURT, GRINNELL. railroad president,
was born Nov. 7, 1822, in Bellvale, N. Y.
He has been president of the Lehigh and
Hudson railroad and the Cincinnati, Van
Wert and Michigan railroad. He has
been identified with many projects for
bridging the Hudson, and has held many
responsible public positions.
BURT, MARY ELIZABETH, educator,
author, was born in Lake Geneva, Wis.
She was a member of the board of educa
tion in Chicago for three years. She is
the author of Literary Landmarks; Sto
ries from Plato and other Classic Writers.
BURT, NATHANIEL CLARK, clergy
man, author, was born April 23, 1825, in
Fairton, N. J. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Ohio; and was the author
of Hours Among the Gospels; The Far
East; and The Land and Its Story, the
Sacred Geography of Palestine. He died
March 4, 1874, in Rome, Italy.
BURT, WILLIAM A., surveyor, was
born June 13, 1792, in Worcester, Mass.
He became United States deputy surveyor
and in 1840-47 surveyed northern Mich
igan. He originated the idea of the solar
compass; and also introduced important
improvements in geological surveying. He
was a judge of the Michigan circuit court
and member of the legislature for sev
eral terms, and was chief mover in the
construction of the Sault Ste. Marie canal.
He died Aug. 18, 1858.
BURTON, ASA, clergyman, author, was
born Aug. 25, 1752, in Stonington, Conn.
He was a congregational clergyman,
pastor at Thetford, Vt., for more than
fifty years; and was the author of Essays
on Some of the First Principles of Meta
physics, Ethics, and Theology. He died
May 1, 1836, in Tbetford, Vt.
BURTON, CHARLES GERMMAN, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, congressman, was
born April 4, 1846, in Cleveland, Ohio. He
enlisted as a private in company C, nine
teenth Ohio infantry, and was a corporal
in company A, one hundred and seventy-
first Ohio National guards, during the one
hundred days' campaign of 1864. He moved
to Nevada, Mo., in 1871; has been circuit
attorney and judge of the twenty-fifth cir
cuit; was a delegate to the national repub
lican convention at Chicago in 1884; and
was elected to the fifty-fourth congress
as a republican. In 1893 he was depart
ment commander of Missouri G. A. R.
BURTON, ERNEST DE WITT, educa
tor, author, was born in 1856 in Ohio.
He is a professor of sacred literature in
the university of Chicago; and the author
of Records and Letters of the Apostolic
Age; Syntax of Moods and Tenses in New
Testament Greek; and A Harmony of the
Four Gospels.
BURTON, FREDERICK RUSSELL,
composer, was born Feb. 23, 1861, in
Jonesville, Mich. He held editorial posi
tions on leading newspapers in Boston,
Troy and Fall River, and for five years
was a reporter for the New York Sun. In
1889 he went to England and became as
sistant editor of the London edition of the
New York Herald. He returned to New
York in 1892 and has since devoted him
self to writing fiction and composing
music.
BURTON, GEORGE DEXTER, inven
tor, was born Oct. 26, 1855, in Temple,
N. H. He is the inventor of the Burton
stock car; inventor and president of the
American Electric Forge company, oper
ating the Burton Electric Liquid system
of heating and working metals and ores.
He has lectured upon the subject of Heat
ing and Working Metals by Electricity be
fore the Harvard Lecture club of the Jeff
erson physical laboratory of the Harvard
college; before the Franklin institute of
Philadelphia, Pa.; before the Society of
Arts of the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology; and various other learned
scientific bodies. His liquid process of
heating and welding by an electric cur
rent has been successfully adopted.
178
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BURTON, GEORGE W., physician, sur
geon, was born July 22, 1836, in Lawrence
county, Ind. He was one of the origina
tors of the South Central and Normal
school of Mitchell, Ind. He served with
distinction during the civil war; and
served on the medical staff.
BURTON, HENRY S., soldier, was born
in 1818 in New York. He was brevetted
brigadier-general in 1865 for services at
the capture of Petersburg. He died April
4, 1869, in Fort Adams, R. I.
BURTON, HUTCHINS G., lawyer, con
gressman, governor, was born in Granville
county, N. C. In 1810 he represented
Mecklenburg in the state legislature, and
in 1816 the county of Halifax. For several
years he was attorney-general of the
state; and served as a representative in
congress from North Carolina from 1819
to 1824. He was elected governor of
North Carolina from 1824 to 1827. He
died April 21, 1836, in Iredell county,
N. C.
BURTON, JOHN E., miner, was born
Oct. 19, 1847, in New Hartford, N. Y. He
originated the American Fiber company,
which aims to produce merchantable fiber
from every form of vegetable which con
tains fiber, and became the chief promoter
of the Aguan Navigation and Improve
ment company, whose object is to connect
the Aguan River with the Caribbean sea.
BURTON, LEWIS WILLIAM, bishop of
Lexington, Ky., was born Nov. 9, 1852, in
Cleveland, Ohio. From April 13, 1884,
until July 15, 1893, he was rector of St.
John's church, Richmond, Va.
BURTON, RICHARD EUGENE, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born in 1859 in
Hartford, Conn. He is a journalist of
Hartford, Conn.; and the author of Dogs
and Dog Literature; Dumb in June, and
Other Poems; Memorial Day and Other
Poems; and Men of Progress.
BURTON, ROBERT, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1747, in Mecklenburg
county, Va. He was a planter, removed
to Granville about 1775, and served in the
revolutionary army, attaining the rank
of colonel. From 1787 till 1788 he was a
member of congress under the confeder
ation. In 1801 he was a member of
a commission to fix the boundary be
tween the Carolinas and Georgia. He died
April 10, 1825, in Granville county, N. C.
BURTON, THEODORE E., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 20, 1851, in Jeff
erson, Ohio. He began the practice of
law at Cleveland in 1875. He was a mem
ber of the fifty-first congress, but was de
feated for re-election in 1890; and was
elected to the fifty-fourth and re-elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
BURTON, WARREN, author, was born
Nov. 13, 1800, in Wilton, N. H. He was
an educational writer of Boston; and the
author of Cheering Views of Man and
Providence; My Religious Experience at
my Native Home; The Divine Agency in
the Material Universe; Uncle Sam's Rec
ommendations of Phrenology; The Dis
trict School as it Was; Helps to Educa
tion; Culture of the Observing Faculties
in the Family and School; and Scenery
Showing. He died June 6, 1866, in Salem
Mass.
BURTON. WILLIAM, governor, was
born in Delaware. He was elected gov
ernor of that state in 1859, holding che
office until 1863.
BURTON, WILLIAM, clergyman, w:is
born Sept. 5, 1874, in England. Since
1895 he has filled pastorates in Wilmot,
5. D.; and in the First Presbyterian
church of Langford, in that state.
BURTON, WILLIAM EVANS, actor, au
thor, was born Sept. 24, 1804, in Lon
don, England. He was a popular comedian
of New York city; and the author of The
Actor's Alloquy; Waggeries and Vagaries;
and Cyclopaedia of Wit and Humor. He
died Feb. 10, 1860, in New York.
BURUM, PETER GROVE, merchant,
financier, was born June 13, 1839, in
Blount county, Tenn. He is president of
the Commercial bank; president of the
Augusta Steamboat company; vice-presi
dent of the Augusta Exchange; and treas
urer of the Augusta opera house.
BURWELL, WILLIAM A., congress
man. He was a representative in congress
from Virginia from 1806 to 1821. He died
Feb. 16, 1821, in Washington City.
BUSCH, CARL, musician, was born
March 29, 1862, in Denmark. He is a
leading musician of Kansas City, Mo.;
and for five seasons he has conducted the
Kansas City Orchestral and Choral socie
ty. His orchestral suite Reverie Pastor
ale, which was played at the Music Teach
ers' National association concerts in De
troit, at once put him in the front rank
of American composers.
BUSCHE, CHARLES F., manufacturer,
state senator, was born Jan. 17, 1857, in
Germany. He came to America in 1860,
and since 1864 has resided in St. Louis,
Mo., where he is a wholesale baker and
president of the Confectioner and Baker
Publishing company. In 1888 he was
elected to the Missouri state senate; was
re-elected in 1892, and again in 1896.
BUSBY, GEORGE H., congressman,
was born July 10, 1794, in Darstown, Pa.
He was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1851 to 1853.
BUSENBARK, W. R., railroad presi
dent, was born in March, 1855, in Ann
Arbor, Mich. Since 1894 he has been
president of the Suwanee River railway.
BUSEY, SAMUEL THOMPSON, soldier,
banker, congressman, was born Nov. 16,
1835, in Greencastle, Ind. He was first
sergeant and first lieutenant of the Urbana
Zouaves in 1861-62; was town collector in
1862; was commissioned second lieuten
ant in the recruiting service by Gov. Yates
in June, 1862, and helped to organize the
seventy-sixth Illinois volunteer infantry,
and became colonel and was brevetted
brigadier-general. He was mayor and
president of the board of education of
Urbana in 1880-89; organized Busey's
bank in 1867, and conducted its business
twenty-one years. He was elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat.
BUSH, ASAHEL, merchant, banker,
was born June 4, 1824, in Westfleld, Mass.
He is now one of the most extensive land
proprietors in America. He is connected
with banks in Portland, Seattle and Ta-
coma; is controlling owner of the First
National bank of Salem, and has a large
interest in mills in Oregon City and Port
land. In 1851 he began the publication of
The Oregon Statesman in Salem, an in
fluential paper of the early days.
BUSH, CHARLES PLATTE, state sen
ator, lieutenant-governor, was born March
18, 1809, in Danby, N. Y. He was a mem
ber of the constitutional convention of
Michigan; four years a member of the
legislature; four years a member of the
state senate; and lieutenant-governor of
the state of Michigan. He was a presi
dential elector; delegate to several demo
cratic national conventions; the leader of
the movement that located the capital of
Michigan at Lansing; and one of the
original platters of that city. He died
July 4, 1857, in Lansing, Mich.
BUSH, EDWARD A., clergyman, was
born June 5, 1839, in Canada. In 1864 he
was rector of St. Francis college, Lo-
retto, Pa., where he remained until 1868,
when he was called to St. Michael's semi
nary. He became rector of St. Peter's
church of Allegheny, Pa., in 1894; and
soon after promoted to the vicar general
ship of the diocese.
BUSH, GEORGE, theologian, author,
was born June 12, 1796, in Norwich, Vt.
He was a Swedenborgian clergyman and
a professor of Hebrew in the university
of New York. Beside Commentaries on
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers,
Joshua, Judges, and the Psalms, his writ
ings include Life of Mohammed; New
Church Miscellanies; Priesthood and
Clergy Unknown to Christianity; Mes-
mer and Swedenborg; Treatise on the
Millennium; and The Resurrection of
Christ. He died Sept. 19, 1859, in Roches
ter, N. Y.
BUSH, ISAAC W., educator, merchant,
business man, was born April 20, 1835, in
Danby, N. Y. He received his education
at the Michigan State Normal school.
He has traveled extensively throughout
America and British Columbia; and is
now a successful merchant of Howell,
Mich., where he has been supervisor, jus
tice of the peace, postmaster and commis
sioner of schools for his county. He was
one of the organizers of the Detroit and
Lansing Railroad company, of which he
was director and secretary of the board
of directors. He received the democratic
nomination for state senator.
BUSH, J. O. A., journalist, legislator,
was born Dec. 1, 1854, in Pike county,
Ark. He is a successful journalist of
Prescott, Ark., served with distinction in
the thirty-first general assembly of Ar
kansas, and was the author of the law
passed by that body to build state rail
roads.
BUSH, JAMES S., physician, legislator,
was born Feb. 8, 1816, in New York. He
practiced medicine in Scottsville, La.;
represented his district a number of years
in the state legislature; and helped to
pass the ordinance of secession. He served
in the confederate army as a surgeon, and
died in 1867 at Trenton, La.
BUSH, JOSEPH, artist, was born in
1793 in Franklin, Ky. His most noted
paintings are those of Zachary Taylor,
Gov. John Adair, Dr. Benj. W. Dudley
and Judge Thomas B. Moore. He died
Nov. 11, 1865, in Lexington, Ky.
BUSH, NORTON, artist, was born Feb.
22, 1834, in Rochester, N. Y. Most of his
life has been spent in San Francisco. He
was elected, in 1877, director of the San
Francisco Art association, of which he
had been a member since 1874, and was
president of the Sacramento Bric-a-Brac
club from 1879 till 1882. Among his
works are Mount Diablo, and City of Pan
ama. His Summit of the Sierras is in
the Crocker gallery, Sacramento, and his
Lake Nicaragua in the Stanford gallery
of San Francisco.
BUSH, RUFUS T., merchant, philan
thropist, was born in Tompkins county,
N. Y. He attained success as a noted
merchant of Chicago; donated the Hall
Memorial library, supplied with more
than one thousand volumes, to Ridgeway,
Mich.; and wrote a short, pithy volume
of European travels. He died Sept. 15,
1890, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
BUSH, STEPHEN, clergyman, was born
May 30, 1818, in Nassau, N. H. In 1853
he became pastor of the Presbyterian
church of Cohoes, N. Y.; and in 1868-74
was pastor of the presbyterian church of
Green Island, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
179
BUSHMAN, M. V., lawyer, was born
April 28, 1867, in Gettysburg, Pa. He at
tended the Gettysburg college, and grad
uated from the Law University of Mary
land. For two years he practiced law in
Hagerstown, Md., and then moved to Ne
vada, Iowa, where he has attained success
in his profession.
BUSHNELL, ALLEN RALPH, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, congressman, was born
July 18, 1833, in Hartford, Ohio. He re
ceived his education
in the Hartford High
school, and at the
Oberlin and Hiram
colleges. In 1861 he
entered the union
army and served as
captain of company
C, seventh regiment
Wisconsin volunteer
infantry, Iron brig
ade. He has been
district attorney of
Grant county, Wis.,
and United States attorney for we'stern
district of Wisconsin. He has served as a
member of the Wisconsin state legisla
ture, and was a member of the fifty-sec
ond congress. In congress his speeches
on silver and tariff questions were used
as campaign documents in the presidential
elections of 1892 and 1896. He especial
ly endeavored to have the United States
constitution amended to elect senators by
a direct vote of the people.
BUSHNELL, ASA SMITH, soldier, man
ufacturer, governor, was born Sept. 16,
1834, in Rome, N. Y. He served througn
the civil war. He has been president
since 1886 of the Warder, Bushnell and
Glessner Co. Champion mowers and
binders are manufactured by the com
pany, and the factory is one of the lar
gest industries in Springfield, Ohio, cover
ing over sixty acres of ground and em
ploying more than one thousand work
men. In 1886 Mr. Bushnell was appointed
quartermaster-general of Ohio for four
years, on the staff of Gov. Foraker. He
is president of the First National bank
and the Springfield Gas Light and Coke
company. He is the fortieth governor of
Ohio, being elected to that high office in
November, 1895.
BUSHNELL, CHARLES IRA, author,
was born July 28, 1826, in New York city.
He was an antiquarian writer of New
York city, among whose works are
Crumbs for Antiquarians; and Adventures
of Sir Christopher Hawkins (edited). He
died in 1883 in New York city.
BUSHNELL, CORNELIUS S., inventor
and railroad constructor, was bosn in
1829. He won fame through his connec
tion with John Ericsson in the construc
tion of the Monitor. During the war he
built more ships for the government than
any other man, in his ship-yard at Fair
Ha\ en, where he and Ericsson built the
Puritan and the Dictator. Later, when he
turned his attention to railroads, he
helped construct the Union Pacific. He
died April 6, 1897, in New York city.
BUSHNELL, DAVID, soldier, inventor,
was born in 1742 in Saybrook, Conn. Dur
ing his college course he matured plans
that led to the production of what may
be called the earliest of torpedoes. He in
vented several other machines for the an
noyance of the British shipping. He
served continuously during the war, at
taining the rank of captain in the corps
of sappers and miners, and was on duty at
New York, Hudson Highlands, Philadel
phia, Yorktown, and elsewhere. He died
in 1824 in Warrenton, Ga.
BUSHNELL, HENRY, clergyman, au
thor, was born Jan. 31, 1824, in Granville,
Ohio. This eminent educator and clergy
man is the author of History of Granville,
Ohio; and Following the Star.
BUSHNELL, HORACE, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 14, 1802, in Litchfield
county, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman of Hartford, who was one of
the foremost thinkers in his denomina
tion. He was a fearless reasoner, and his
literary style exhibits both clearness and
beauty. He was the author of Christian
Nurture; God in Christ; Christ in The
ology; The Vicarious Sacrifice; Politics
the Law of God; Nature and the Super
natural; Moral Uses of Dark Things, his
ablest work; Sermons for the New Life;
Sermons on Living Subjects; Forgiveness
and Law; The Age of Homespun; Woman
Suffrage; Moral Tendencies and Results
of Human History; Building Eras in Re
ligion; The Character of Jesus; Work and
Play; and Christ and His Salvation. He
died Feb. 17, 1876, in Hartford, Conn.
BUSHNELL, WILLIAM, physician,
state legislator, was born Sept. 10, 1800,
in Hartford, Conn. He became inter
ested in the New York, Lake Erie and
Western railroad, and, when the enter
prise was threatened with failure, devoted
eight years to superintending the building
of the road, securing the right of way,
and raising the capital. He was a member
of the Ohio legislature in 1849 and suc
ceeding years, and assisted in passing the
Ohio school law. In 1878 he was a dele
gate to the international congress for
prison reform at Stockholm.
BUSHNELL, WILLIAM H., journalist,
author, poet, was born June 4, 1823, in
Hudson, N. Y. He is the author of Bio
graphical Sketches of the Early Settlers
of Chicago; The Hermit of the Colorado
Hills, a Story of the Texan Pampas; and
Ah Meek the Beaver, or The Copper
Hunters of Lake Superior.
BUSIEL, CHARLES ALBERT, gov
ernor, was born Nov. 24, 1842, in Mere
dith, N. H. He served with distinction
as governor of New Hampshire during
1895-97. He resided in Laconia; and his
portrait hangs in the new library build
ing of the state capitol.
BUSKIN, JAMES H., journalist, was
born Feb. 17, 1845, in Atlanta, Ga. He
served as a soldier in the confederate
army. He is the editor and owner of the
Journal of Scotland, S. D., in which city
he has served as mayor for two terms.
He has been sheriff of his county, and
filled various other public positions of
honor.
BUSKIRK, CLARENCE A., lawyer, po
et, was born Nov. 8, 1842, in Friendship,
N. Y. For two terms he served as attor
ney-general of In
diana, and has a lu
crative practice in
Princeton. He is one
of the foremost law
yers of Indiana, and
many valuable arti
cles and papers have
been contributed to
law literature by this
able lawyer. He is
the author of a work
entitled A Cavern
for a Hermitage, a
poem of some length. The story is ingen
ious, the meditations are deeply philo
sophical, which, together with the rich
ness of its rhythm, proves very interest
ing, and is a valuable acquisition to
American literature.
BUSKIRK, GEORGE A., lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 10, 1829, in Monroe coun
ty, Ind. He practiced law until he was
elected, in 1856, judge of the common
pleas.
BUSSEY, CYRUS, soldier, merchant,
was born Oct. 5, 1833, in Hubbard, Ohio.
In 1858 he was elected as a democrat to
the Iowa state senate. In 1861 he en
tered the military service in the civil war,
and rose to the rank of major-general.
BUSTEED, RICHARD, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Feb. 16, 1822, in Cavan,
Ireland. In 1862 he was appointed brig
adier-general of volunteers by President
Lincoln. In 1863 he was appointed by
President Lincoln to be United States dis
trict judge for Alabama.
BUSTEED, WILLIAM W., journalist,
legislator, was born in Denton, Md. He
was elected a member of the legislature in
1886 and 1890; was mayor of Centreville,
Md., for ten years; and editor of The Ob
server of that city.
BUTE, GEORGE HERING, physician,
was born May 27, 1792, in Germany. He
located in Philadelphia, and in two years
he built up a large practice as the second
homceopathist in the city. He made many
important contributions to homoeopathy
He died Feb. 13, 1876, in Nazareth.
BUTLER, ANDREW PICKENS, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, was born
Nov. 19, 1796, in South Carolina. He be
came a member of the legislature when
quite a young man; and in 1835 was ap
pointed one of the judges of the general
sessions of common pleas, which office he
held until 1847, when he was appointed
to fill a vacancy in the United States
senate. He was subsequently elected and
re-elected to the same position, and was
in this office at the time of his death. He
died May 25, 1857, near Edgefield, S. C.
BUTLER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
lawyer, legislator, was born Dec. 14, 1795,
in Kinderhook, N. Y. In 1821 he was ap
pointed district attorney for the city of
Albany; in 1827 was elected to the state
legislature; was attorney-general; and in
1836-37 officiated as secretary of war. In
1845 he was a presidential elector; and
was subsequently twice appointed United
States attorney for the southern district
of New York. He died Nov. 8, 1858, in
Paris, France.
BUTLER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
general, governor, United States senator,
was born Nov. 5, 1818, in Deerfield, N. H.
In 1853 he was elect
ed to the state legis
lature; in 1859 was
elected to the state
senate; and in 1860
was a delegate to the
Charleston conven
tion. In 1861 he was
appointed a briga
dier-general, and en
tered actively into
the war movements.
, Before the close of
that year he was
made a major-general, serving as such in
New Orleans and various other portions of
the rebellious states. At the conclusion of
the rebellion he resumed the practice of
law in Lowell; in 1866 was elected a
representative from Massachusetts to the
fortieth congress; was one of the man
agers of the impeachment trial of An
drew Johnson; and was re-elected to the
forty-first, forty-second, forty-third and
forty-fifth congresses. In 1882 he was
elected governor of Massachusetts; and
also served his country as United States
senator. He died Jan. 11, 1893, in Wash
ington, D. C.
180
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA >F AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BUTLER, CALEB, educator, author,
was born Sept. 13, 1776, in Pelham, N. H.
He was graduated at Dartmouth in 1800,
studied law in Groton, and was the prin
cipal instructor of the Groton academy
for eleven years. He published a Masonic
oration; Facts as to Affairs in Groton;
Review Reviewed; and History of Groton.
He died Oct. 7, 1854, in Groton, Mass.
BUTLER, CHARLES, philanthropist,
college president, was born Feb. 15, 1802,
in Kinderhook, N. Y. In 1835 he was one
of the founders and incorporators of the
Union Theological seminary in New York
city, and was made its president. In 1S89
he endowed a chair of biblical theology
in that seminary in the sum of $100,000,
in the memory of Prof. Edward Robin
son, the eminent biblical scholar.
BUTLER, CHESTER, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born March,
1798, in Wilkesbarre, Pa. He served three
terms in the legislature of Pennsylvania;
and was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1845 to 1850. He died
Oct. 5, 1850, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BUTLER, CLEMENT MOORE, theolo
gian, author, was born Oct. 16, 1810, in
Troy, N. Y. He was an episcopalian cler
gyman of the evangelical type, and pro
fessor of ecclesiastical history in the Epis
copal Divinity school of Philadelphia in
1864-84. He was the author of Book of
Common Prayer Interpreted by its His
tory; Old Truths and New Errors; The
Flock Fed; St. Paul in Rome; Inner
Rome; Manual of Ecclesiastical History
from the First to the Eighteenth Cen
tury; and The Reformation in Sweden. He
died March 5, 1890, in Germantown, Pa.
BUTLER, CYRUS, philanthropist, was
born in 1767. He gave $40,000 to endow
the Butler hospital for the insane at
Providence. He died Aug. 22, 1849, in
Providence, R. I.
BUTLER, DAVID, governor. He was
elected the first governor of the state of
Nebraska in 1867, and served one year.
BUTLER, EZRA, was born in Septem
ber, 1763, in Vermont. He was a member
of the Vermont assembly eleven years;
first judge of the Chittendon county court
from 1803 to 1806, and chief justice from
1806 to 1811. He was chief justice of
Jefferson county from 1814 to 1826; was
a representative in congress from 1813 to
1815; member of the Vermont constitu
tional convention in 1822 and governor of
that state from 1826 to 1828, making fifty-
three years of public service. He died
July 12, 1838, in Waterbury, Vt.
BUTLER, FREDERICK, author, was
born in 1766. He was a writer of Hart
ford, Conn.; and the author of History
of the United States to 1820; The Farm
er's Manual; and Memorial of Lafayette
and his Tour in the United States. He died
in 1843.
BUTLER, GEORGE BERNAND, artist,
was born Feb. 8, 1838, in New York city.
Since 1883 he has been engaged principal
ly in portraiture. 111^1873 he was elected
a National academician. His paintings
include The Shepherd and Dogs on the
Campagna; The Capri Rose, purchased by
Alexander T. Stewart; The Lace-Maker;
An Italian Peasant; and several striking
groups of animals.
BUTLER, HENRY, educator, lawyer,
was born Oct. 17, 1843, in Pontiac, Mich.
He received his education at the district,
Union and State Normal schools of Ypsl-
lanti, Mich. For nearly ten years he taught
school; has been superintendent of
schools and justice of the peace. He prac
tices law in Waverly, Va. ; and has at
tained prominence as an able lawyer in
that state.
BUTLER, JAMES DAVIE, educator, lec
turer, was born March 15, 1815, in Rut
land, Vt. He held the chair of ancient
languages in Wabash college, Ind.,in 1854-
58, and in the university of Wisconsin in
1858-67. Since then he has devoted him
self to lecturing and occasional preach
ing. His best known lectures are The
Architecture of St. Peter's; Prehistoric
Wisconsin; The Hapax Legomena in
Shakespeare; and Commonplace Books.
BUTLER, JAMES GLENTWORTH,
clergyman, author, was born in 1821 in
New York. He is a presbyterian clergy
man of New York; and the author of
The Bible Work, an extended scriptural
commentary; and The Fourfold Gospel.
BUTLER, JOHN GEORGE, clergyman,
orator, was born in 1826, in Cumberland,
Md. In 1849 he accepted a call to the
pastorate of the St. Paul English Lutheran
church in Washington, D. C., in which
city his ministry of over forty years has
been spent. In 1867 he was elected chap
lain of the house of representatives; and
in 1886 he was chosen chaplain of the
senate. He is widely known as a pulpit
orator, a successful pastor and influential
member of the general synod of the Evan
gelical Lutheran church.
BUTLER, JOHN JAY, theologian, au
thor, was born April 9, 1814, in Berwick.
Maine. He is a free baptist clergyman of
Michigan; and has been professor of sa
cred literature in Hillsdale college since
1873. He is the author of Natural and
Revealed Theology; and Commentary on
the Gospels.
BUTLER, JOSIAH, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1780 in Rocking-
ham county, N. H. He was repeatedly
elected to the state legislature and was
elected a representative in congress from
New Hampshire in 1817-23; and was then
appointed judge of the superior court of
New Hampshire, which position he held
until the office was abolished. He died
Oct. 9, 1854, in Deerfield.
BUTLER, LOU GREER, artist, poet,
was born Feb. 4, 1855, in Santa Rosa,
Cal. She has attained success in crayon,
pastel and landscape drawing and paint
ing, and for many years was proprietor
of a photographic establishment. She
has contributed both prose and verse to
the periodical press, and several of her
poems have been given a place in stan
dard works.
BUTLER, MANN, author. He emigrated
to Kentucky in 1806, and published a His
tory of Kentucky. He died in November,
1835, in Missouri, in consequence of a
railroad accident.
BUTLER, MARION, journalist, United
States senator, was born May 20, 1863, in
Sampson county, N. C. He was elected
to the state senate
in 1890; was the
leader of the Alli
ance forces in that
body and succeeded
in bringing about a
number of needed re
forms. He was elect
ed president of the
state farmers' alli
ance in 1891, and re-
elected in 1892; was
elected vice - presi
dent of the national
Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union in
1893, and elected president of that organi
zation in 1894. His paper, The Caucasian,
has been removed to Raleigh, N. C., and
has probably the largest circulation and
is one of the most influential papers in the
state. He was elected to the United
States senate as a populist for term expir
ing March 3, 1901.
BUTLER, MATTHEW CALBRAITHE,
soldier, lawyer, United States senator,
was born March 8, 1836, near Greenville,
S. C. He was elected to the legislature
of South Carolina in 1860; entered the
confederate service as captain of cavalry
in the Hampton legion in June, 1861, and
became a major-general through the reg
ular grades, and lost his right leg at the
battle of Brandy Station on the ninth of
June. 1863. He was elected to the legisla
ture of South Carolina in 1866; was a can
didate for lieutenant-governor of South
Carolina in 1870; received the democratic
vote of the South Carolina legislature for
United States senator in 1870; and was
elected to the United States senate as a
democrat; was admitted to his seat in
1877, and was re-elected in 1882 and again
in 1889.
BUTLER, MICHAEL J., contractor, leg
islator, was born June 24, 1851, in Carbon-
dale, Pa. During 1859-81 he worked in
the mines of Pennsylvania; then was em
ployed in a Chicago packing house for
four years; and during 1885-87 was
clerk of the health department. During
1887-90 he was United States gauger; for
three years corporation inspector; and for
two years superintendent of sidewalks.
Since 1895 he has been a successful con
tractor, and in the fall of 1896 was elected
to the general assembly of the Illinois
house of representatives.
BUTLER, NICHOLAS MURRAY, edu
cator, author, was born in 1862 in New
Jersey. He is an educator of New York
city, and professor of philosophy in Co
lumbia college. He is the author of Hor
ace Mann and American Systems of Edu
cation.
BUTLER, NOBLE, educator, author,
was born in 1819 in Washington county.
Pa. He was a classical professor in the
university of Louisville, and published A
Practical and Critical English Grammar
and other valuable text-books. He died
Feb. 12, 1882, in Louisville, Ky.
BUTLER, PERCIVAL, soldier, was born
in 1760, in Pennsylvania. He rose to the
rank of captain in the revolutionary war;
and served as adjutant-general in the war
of 1812. He died Sept. 11, 1821, in Port
William, Ky.
BUTLER, PIERCE,, soldier, United
States senator, was born July 11, 1744, in
Ireland. In 1778 he was a delegate from
South Carolina to the old congress; and
in 1788, a member of the convention
which framed the constitution of the
United States, and signed the same. In
1802 he became again a senator in con
gress, but resigned in 1804. He died Feb.
15, 1822, in Philadelphia, Pa.
BUGLER, PIERCE MASON, soldier,
was born April 11, 1798, in Edgefleld, S. C.
He was promoted to the rank of first lieu
tenant in 1823, and attained the grade of
captain in 1825. After four years of serv
ice he resigned his commission, and in
1829 became a resident of Columbia, S. C.,
and was elected president of a bank es
tablished at that place. He was killed
in battle Aug. 20, 1847, in Churubusco,
Mexico.
BUTLER, RICHARD, soldier, was
born in Ireland. He attained the rank of
colonel in the revolutionary war, and in
1791 was made a major-general. He was
tomahawked and scalped Nov. 4, 1791, in
an expedition against the Indians.
BUTLER, RICHARD, soldier, merchant,
manufacturer, was born Aug. 9, 1831, In
Birmingham, Ohio. In 1879 he accepted
the presidency of an extensive hard rub
ber company, which was organized in 1883
as the Butler Hard Rubber company.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
181
BUTLER, RODERICK R., soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born \pril
8, 1827, in Wytheville, Va. He was a jus
tice of the peace; a major of the militia;
a postmaster under President Fillmore;
served two years in the state assembly
and one in the state senate. He was a
county judge; was a Heutenant-colonel
during the rebellion; and was subsequent
ly judge of the first judicial district of the
state, holding the office from 1865 to 1867.
He was elected a representative from
Tennessee to the fortieth, forty-first, for
ty-second, forty-third and forty-fifth' con
gresses as a republican.
BUTLER, SAMSON H., congressman
was born in South Carolina. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1840 to 1843.
BUTLER, SIMEON, publisher, manu
facturer, author, was born in 1770. In
1792 he established the first publishing
house in western Massachusetts at North
ampton. He printed the earliest Ameri
can edition of Vattel's Law of Nations,
and the first volume of Massachusetts su
preme court reports, and brought out
Dwight's School Geography. He also en
gaged in paper-making, and manufactured
the first domestic letter paper used by
the United States senate. He died in 1847
in Northampton, Mass.
BUTLER, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in Carlisle, Pa. He was a represen
tative in congress from Louisiana from
1818 to 1821. He died Aug. 14, 1847.
BUTLER, THOMAS BELDEN, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, author, was born
Aug. 22, 1806, in Wethersfield. Conn. He
was a Connecticut jurist whose Philoso
phy of the Weather, 1856, appeared later
in enlarged form as a Concise Analytical
and Logical Development of the Atmos
pheric System. He served in the Con
necticut state legislature; and was a rep
resentative in congress in 1849-51 He
died June 8, 1873, in Norwalk, Conn.
BUTLER, THOMAS S., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 4, 1855 in
Pennsylvania. He is a member of the
Chester county bar, and was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
BUTLER, WALT H., congressman, was
born, Feb. 13, 1852, in Springboro, Pa. He
was elected to the fifty-second congress as
a democrat.
BUTLER, WILLIAM, congressman was
born in Columbia, S. C. He was a repre
sentative in congress from South Caro
lina from 1841 to 1843.
BUTLER, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was born in Pennsylvania. In 1879 he was
appointed United States district judge for
the eastern district of Pennsylvania.
BUTLER, WILLIAM, soldier, physi
cian, state legislator, was born in 1759
in Prince William county, Pa. Soon after
the war he was made a brigadier-gen
eral, and in 1796 major-general of militia.
He was a member of the United States
congress from 1801 to 1811. He was a
member of the convention which framed
the constitution of South Carolina, and
for some years a member of the legisla
ture: and in 1794 he was sheriff, and at
one time magistrate. In the war of 1812
he commanded the South Carolina troops
for state defense. He died Nov. 15, 1821,
in Columbus, S. C.
BUTLER, WILLIAM, missionary, au
thor, was born in 1819 in Ireland. He is
a methodist missionary, and the author
of The Land of the Veda; From Boston
to Bareilly and Back; and Mexico in
Transition from the Power of Political
Romanism to Civil and Religious Liber
ty.
BUTLER, WILLIAM ALLEN author
poet, was born Feb. 20, 1825, in Albany,
N. Y. He is a lawyer of New York city,
and has been presi
dent of the American
bar association. He
is well known as a
writer of poetical sa
tires, among which
Nothing to Wear has
long been famous.
Others are, Two Mil
lions; General Aver
age, a satire upon
mercantile life; Bar-
num's Parnassus. His
prose writings in
clude Martin Van Buren, a Biography
Mrs. Limber's Raffle, an able attack on
the morality of church fairs; Domesticus,
a Story; Oberammergau; and The His
tory of the Revision of the Statutes of
New York.
BUTLER, WILLIAM JOSEPH, lawyer
legislator, was born May 13, 1868 in
Springfield, 111. He has attained distinc
tion as a lawyer, and in 1895-96 was a
member of the thirty-ninth general assem
bly of Illinois.
BUTLER, WILLIAM 0., soldier, public
official, poet, was born in 1793 in Jessa
mine county, Ky. He enlisted as a soldier
in the war of 1812. He was elected a rep
resentative in congress from Kentucky
in 1839, and re-elected in 1841. During
the war with Mexico he obtained such
distinction that he was promoted to the
position of major-general in the regular
army; and a sword was voted to him by
congress. In 1848 he was the democratic
candidate for vice-president, on the ticket
with Lewis Cass for president. He was
appointed governor of Nebraska terri
tory, but declined the appointment. He
was the author of many fugitive pieces
of poetry, several of which possess un
common merit, and one, entitled The
Boat Horn, attained great popularity.
BUTLER. ZEBULON, soldier, was born
in 1731 in Lyme, Conn. In 1769 he settled
at Wyoming, Pa. In the early part of the
revolutionary war he was a lieutenant-
colonel in the Connecticut line, serving in
New Jersey in 1777-78, and became colonel
on March 13, 1778. On July 3, 1778. he
commanded the weak garrison at Wyo
ming at the time of the massacre, which
he was unable to prevent. He accom
panied Sullivan in his Indian expedition
in 1779, and served with distinction
throughout the war. He died July 28,
1795, in Wilkesbarre, Pa.
BUTMAN, SAMUEL, congressman,
United States senator. He was a member
of the Maine legislature in 1822, 1826 and
1827, and was a representative in con
gress from Penobscot county, Maine, from
1827 to 1831. In 1853 he was again elected
to the legislature, and made president of
the senate. He died in 1864.
BUTT, CYRUS M., soldier, farmer, law
yer, jurist, legislator, was born Sept. 30,
1833, in Morgan county, Ohio. He served
with distinction during the civil war; and
was promoted to lieutenant-colonel. He is
a prominent lawyer of Viroqua, Wis.; has
been district attorney for six years; was
state senator for two years; county judge
for twelve years; and for the past fifteen
years has been a member of the board of
education. In 1892 he was the people's
party candidate for governor of Wiscon
sin, and for congress in 1894. He has
served as president of the farmers' alli
ance of Wisconsin since its organization
excepting the first term.
BUTTERFIELD, CHARLES HENRY
lawyer, jurist, was born May, 1833, in
Farmington, Maine. During the war of
the rebellion he served under the commis
sion of major and then lieutenant-colonel
in an Indiana regiment. He has since held
the office of judge of the Vanderburg
county circuit court of that state and of
mayor of the city of Evansville.
BUTTERFIELD, CONSUL WILL-
SHIRE, educator, author, was born July
28, 1824, in Mexico, N. Y. He is the au
thor of History of Seneca County, Ohio;
An Historical Account of the Expedition
against Sandusky in 1782; The History
and Biographical Annals of the Univer
sity of Wisconsin; and History of the Dis
covery of the Northwest by John Nicolet.
He has edited the Washington-Crawford
Letters; the Washington-Irvine Corre
spondence; and A Short Biography of
John Leith.
BUTTERFIELD, MARTIN, congress
man. He was elected a representative
from New York to the thirty-sixth con
gress.
BUTTERS, MARY E., poet, was born in
Exeter, Maine. She is the author of a vol
ume of poems entitled Harp of Hesper.
BUTTERWORTH, BENJAMIN, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 22,
1837, in Warren county, Ohio. He was a
state senator in 1873 and 1874; was elect
ed a representative from Ohio to the for
ty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses;
and in 1884 was appointed commissioner
of patents in the department of the in
terior. He was again elected a represen
tative in the forty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-
first congresses.
BUTTERWORTH, DANIEL, soldier,
merchant, was born Oct. 31, 1831, in Utica,'
N. Y. He became a merchant in New
York city. He was colonel of the twelfth
New York militia when, the civil war be
gan. Accompanying his regiment to
Washington in July, 1861, he led the ad-
^ance into Virginia over the Long
Bridge, joined Gen. Patterson on the up
per Potomac, and commanded a brigade.
On the enlargement of the regular army,
he was commissioned a lieutenant-colonel
and assigned to the twelfth infantry!
May 14, 1861; appointed brigadier-general
of volunteers in 1861.
BUTTERWORTH, HEZEKIAH, author,
poet, was born Dec. 22, 1839, in Warren,
R. I. In 1870 he became connected with
the Youth's Compan
ion as assistant edi
tor, a position which
he filled for a quarter
of a century. He is
best known as the
author of Zigzag
Journeys, of which
nearly half a million
copies have been
sold. Besides pub
lishing several vol
umes of Zigzag Jour
neys, Great Com
posers, The Knight of Liberty, In the
Boyhood of Lincoln, The Patriot School
master, and other popular juvenile books,
he is the author of two collections ot
musical verse, Songs of History; Poems
for Christmas, Easter, and New Year's.
BUTTERWORTH, THEODORE, pub
lisher, was born July 7, 1844, in Shelby
county, Mo. He is the editor and pro
prietor of The Western Agriculturalist, of
Chicago, III.; and has always been iden
tified with the improvement of live stock.
He was chairman of good roads congress
during the World's Fair.
182
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
BUTTLER, CHARLES VOORHEES,
physician, was born Jan. 18, 1869, in New
Brunswick, N. J. He located in Norwich,
Conn., and successfully practiced his pro
fession.
BUTTRE, JOHN CHESTER, engraver,
was born June 10, 1821, in Auburn, N. Y.
In his youth he developed a talent for
drawing; and in 1841
moved to New York
city, and thereafter
gave his attention to
steel-plate engrav
ing. He arose to the
very head of his pro
fession; and he
brought out steel en
gravings of Lincoln,
Grant, Lee, Jackson,
McClellan, Burnside,
and other celebrities,
of which the aggre
gate sale amounted to several million
copies. He also made a specialty of
mezzo-tints, and won considerable repu
tation through this style of work. He
died Dec. 2, 1893, in Ridgewood, N. J.
BUTTS, MRS. MARY FRANCES BAR
BER, author, poet, was born in 1836, in
Khode Island. She is a writer of popular
juvenile works; and the author of Three
Girls; Lottie; Nellie's New Home; Liz
zie and Her Friends; and The Frolic
Series. She is also the author of a vol
ume of poems, entitled Cockle Shells and
Silver Bells.
BUTTZ, CHARLES WILSON, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Nov. 16, 1837, in Stroudsburg, Pa. He
entered the union army in 1861 as second
lieutenant, and rose to the rank of brevet
major; and in 1863 resigned because of
ill-health. He engaged in the practice of
law at Norfolk, Va.; and was a delegate
to the republican national convention of
1864. In 1872 he was elected solicitor of
the first judicial circuit of South Carolina
for the term of four years; and was
elected to fill the vacancy in the forty-
fourth congress.
BYERLY, WILLIAM ELLWOOD. edu
cator, author, was born Dec. 13, 1849, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a professor of
mathematics at Harvard university; and
the author of Elements of Differential
Calculus; and Elements of Integral Cal-
• •Illlis.
BYERS, ISAAC WINGERD, educator
lawyer, was born Dec. 16, 1868, in Cham-
bersburg, Pa. He graduated with honors
from the Princeton university, N. J.; and
during 1893-94 was professor of mathe
matics in the Princeton college, Ky. He
has served as city attorney of Iron River,
Mich.; and as circuit court commissioner
of Iron county.
BYERS, SAMUEL HAWKINS MAR
SHALL, diplomat, author, poet, was born
July 23, 1838, in Pulaski, Pa. He was a
United States consul
at Zurich, subse
quently a consul-
J general to Italy, and
now a resident of
> ^^ MS I>s Moines. He was
^V^H the author of Swit-
/•- ? zerland; Switzerland
V- .,'-.• and the Swiss: His
torical and Descrip-
^ . W^ tive; Florence; His-
35$? I tory of Switzerland;
HLf v/"i What I Saw in Dix
ie; Military History
of Iowa; and The Happy Isles, and Other
Poems. He is the author of ilic popui.u-
poem entitled Sherman's March to the
Sea.
BYERS, WILLIAM NEWTON, civil
engineer, journalist, state legislator, was
born Feb. 22, 1831, in Madison county,
Ohio. He has been United States deputy
surveyor in Iowa, Oregon, Washington,
Nebraska and Colorado. He was a mem
ber of the first Nebraska state legislature;
of the first Colorado constitutional con
vention; and postmaster of Denver in
1864-66 and 1879-83. He founded The
Rocky Mountain News in 1859, of which
he was editor and publisher for twenty
years.
BYFIELD, NATHANIEL, jurist, author,
was born in 1653, in England. He was a
jurist of note in Massachusetts in the co
lonial period; and the author of Account
of the Late War in England, 1689. He
died June 6, 1733, in Boston, Mass.
BYFORD, HENRY T., educator, physi
cian, was born Nov. 12, 1853, in Evans-
ville, Ind. 'He is a professor of gynfecol-
ogy in the Chicago Post-Graduate Medi
cal school and professor of clinical gynae
cology in the Woman's Medical college.
He is gynaecologist to St. Luke's hospital;
and surgeon to the Woman's hospital of
Chicago, 111.
BYFORD, WILLIAM HEATH, physi
cian, author, was born March 20, 1817, in
Eaton, Ohio. He was a physician of
prominence in Chicago; and the author
of Practice of Medicine and Surgery Ap
plied to Diseases and Accidents Peculiar
to Women; Theory and Practice of Ob
stetrics; and Philosophy of Domestic
Life. He died in 1890.
BYINGTON, EZRA HOYT, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 3, 1828, in Hines-
burgh, Vt. He graduated from the uni
versity of Vermont in 1852, and from An-
dover Theological seminary in 1857. He
was librarian at the New England His
torical and Genealogical society, and has
filled pastorates in various cities. He is
the author1 of The Puritan in England
and New England, and a large number of
local histories.
BYINGTON, HORACE W., capitalist,
was born in December, 1828, in Plymouth,
Conn. Since 1849 he has been a resident
of California; has been a successful busi
ness man of Santa Rosa; and is now a re
tired capitalist. He has been mayor of
Santa Rosa; collector of internal reve
nue under President Harrison's adminis
tration; and was a delegate to the re
publican national convention held in Chi
cago in 1888.
BYLES, CHARLES N., banker, public
official, was born March 20, 1844, in Louis
ville, Ky. He is the president of the
bank of Montesana, Washington; and has
been auditor and treasurer of his county.
BYLES, MATHER, clergyman, author,
was born March 15, 1707, in Boston, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Boston, famous both as preacher and wit.
After forty-three years' ministry in the
Hollis Street church, his tory sympathies
obliged him to give up his charge in 1776.
He died July 5, 1788, in Boston, Mass.
BYNNER, EDWIN LASSETTER, au
thor, was born in 1842, in New York. His
best work is included in the three his
torical tales, Agnes Surriage; The Be
gum's Daughter; and Zachary Phips. Of
lesser importance are Nimport; Tritons;
Damen's Ghost; Penelope's Suitors; and
The Chase of the Meteor, a book for boys.
He died in 1893.
BYNUM, J. H. T., lawyer, state senator,
\v;is born Nov. 1, 1856, in North county,
Ga. He is a successful lawyer of Live
Oak, Fla.; and in 1897 was elected a
member of the Florida state senate.
BYNUM, JESSE A., state legislator,
congressman, was born in Halifax county,
N. C. He served a number of years in
the state legislature; and was a member
of congress from North Carolina from
1833 to 1841. While in congress he fought
a duel with Daniel Jenifer, which termi
nated harmlessly.
BYNUM, WILLIAM DALLAS, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born June
26, 1846, in Newberry, Ind. In 1871-75 he
was city attorney of Washington, Ind.; its
mayor during 1875-79; and in 1876 he was
a democratic elector. He subsequently
moved to Indianapolis; was a member of
the state legislature in 1882; and elected
speaker of the house at the beginning of
the session of 1883. He was elected to
the forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-
second, and fifty-third congresses as a
democrat; and took an active part in
important measures. He was instrumen
tal in the organization of the democratic
sound money movement.
BYRD, CHARLES W., jurist, was born
in Virginia. In 1803 he was appointed
United States judge for the district of
Ohio.
BYRD, WILLIAM, author, was born
March 16, 1674, in Westover, Va. He was
a colonial Virginian and man of letters,
whose journals, first published in 3841,
are known as The Westover Manuscripts,
from Westover, the family mansion of
Byrd. A fuller collection, styled The
Byrd Manuscripts, was printed in 1866,
edited by T. Wynne. They are well worth
reading for their wit, keen observations,
and vigorous style. They comprise The
Story of the Dividing Line, an account of
the expedition to fix the boundary be
tween Virginia and North Carolina; A
Progress to the Mines; and A Journey to
the Land of Eden. He died Aug. 26, 1744,
in Westover, Va.
BYRDE, EDWARD C., journalist, v,-as
born July 10, 1874, in Litchfield, Minn.
He is the editor and owner of the Spink
County Chronicle of Redfield, S. D.
BYRN, MARCUS LAFAYETTE, physi
cian, author. He is the author of Com
plete Practical Brewer; Rattlehead's
Travels, or the Recollections of a Back
woodsman; Complete Practical Distiller;
Repository of Wit and Humor; Book of
Nature, an expositor of the Science of
Life and Sexual Physiology; and Family
Physician.
BYRNE, JOHN, railroad president, was
born in Maryland. He is the president of
the Central New York and Western rail
road.
BYRNE, WILLIAM, soldier, merohs.nt,
was born Oct. 10, 1838, in Ireland. He
served in the civil war as a confederate;
in 1880 he moved to Jacksonville, Fla.,
where he was engaged in the mercantile
business; and also invested largely in
phosphate lands, city lots and business
blocks. He improves his city property,
and has been one of the foremost citizens
of Jacksonville in building and beautify
ing the city.
BYRNS, SAM, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born March 4, 1848. in
Jefferson county, Mo. He was elected in
1876 a member of the twenty-ninth gen
eral assembly to represent Jefferson coun
ty; was elected state senator for the
twenty-sixth senatorial district in 1878;
and was elected to the fifty-second con
gress as a democrat.
BYRUM, ALMON COE, lawyer, jurist,
was born March 31, 1861, in Jo Daviess
county, 111. He has attained success as a
lawyer of Onida, S. D.; and served with
distinction as judge of the county court.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
183
BYRUM, ENOCH EDWIN, clergyman,
journalist, author, poet, was born Oct. 13,
1861, in Randolph county, Ind. He is
editor of the Gospel Trumpet and Shin
ing Light; and is the author of The
Secret of Salvation; Divine Healing;
Boy's Companion; and other works.
CABANISS, ELBRIDGE GERRY, law
yer, jurist, was born in 1802, in Greene
county, Ga. He moved to Forsyth, Mon
roe county, Ga., and was elected judge of
the court of ordinary; in 1858 he became
judge of the supreme court, and in 1861
was elected to the state legislature. He
died in April, 1872, in Atlanta, Ga.
CABANISS, HENRY HARRISON, jour
nalist, was born June 21, 1848, in Forsyth,
Ga. He graduated from the university of
Georgia; was assistant secretary of the
Georgia senate for eighteen years, and is
now the proprietor of The Journal, a
daily newspaper of Atlanta, Ga.
CABANISS, THOMAS B., soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
in Forsyth, Ga. He entered the con
federate army in 1861, and surrendered
with General Lee at Appomattox. He was
elected to the house of representatives of
Georgia in 1865, and four times subse
quently to the senate of that state. He
was solicitor-general of the Flint circuit
for a term of four years, and was elected
to the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
CABELL, EDWARD CARRINGTON,
planter, congressman, was born Feb. 5,
1816, in Richmond. Va. In 1837 he re
moved to the territory of Florida, where
he settled as a cotton planter, and repre
sented the state of Florida in congress
from 1847 to 1853.
CABELL, GEORGE C., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 25, 1837, in
Danville, Va. He entered the confederate
service in 1861, and at the end of the war
held the rank of colonel. He was nom
inated for congress by the conservatives in
1874, and elected as a representative to
the forty-fourth congress, and was re-
elected to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth,
forty-seventh, forty-eighth and forty-
ninth congresses as a democrat.
CABELL, JAMES LAWRENCE, physi
cian, author, was born Aug. 26, 1813, in
Nelson county, Va. He was an eminent
Virginia physician, and the author of
The Testimony of Modern Science to the
Unity of Mankind. He died in 1889.
CABELL, JOSEPH, soldier, legislator,
was born Sept. 19, 1732. For many years
he held important civil offices in his na
tive state, occupying a seat in the house
of burgesses and serving as a member of
the different conventions. During the war
for independence he commanded the
Buckingham county regiment. He died
March 1, 1798, in Sion Hill.
CABELL, MRS. JULIA MAYO, author,
poet, was born in 18 — , in Virginia. She
was the author of An Odd Volume of
Facts and Fiction in Prose and Verse;
and Sketches and Recollections of Lynch-
burg. She died about 1855.
CABELL, SAMUEL J., soldier, cob-
gressman, was born Dec. 15, 1756, in
Amherst county, Va. He attained the
rank of lieutenant-colonel in the continen
tal army. For many years he was a mem
ber of the Virginia assembly and was a
representative in congress, from Virginia,
from 1795 to 1803. He died Aug. 4, 1818,
in Nelson county, Va.
CABELL, WILLIAM, state senator, was
born March 13, 1730. in Licking Hole, Va.
About 1773 he aided in establishing iron
works on Hardware river. He was a
member of the house of burgesses when
the colonies revolted against Great Brit
ain, and a delegate to all the conven
tions looking toward national independ
ence. He was chosen first state senator
from the eighth district, and was a mem
ber of the committee that prepared the
famous declaration of rights. He died
March 23, 1798, in Union Hill.
CABELL, WILLIAM H., governor, was
born Dec. 16, 1772, in Boston Hill, Va.
He was governor of Virginia from 1805
to 1808; afterward president of the court
of appeals, and spent fifty years in public
life. He died Jan. 17, 1853, in Richmond,
Va.
CABLE, BENJAMIN T., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Aug. 11, 1853, in
Georgetown, Ky. He has been engaged
in ranching and manufacturing; and was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
CABLE, GEORGE WASHINGTON, sol
dier, author, was born Oct. 12, 1844, in
New Orleans, La. He is a writer of fiction
who has reproduced with much success
the life and dialect among the Creoles of
Louisiana. He served in the confederate
army during the civil war, and is now a
resident of Northampton, Mass. He is
the author of Old Creole Days; The Grand-
issimes; Madame Delphine; Dr. Sevier;
John March, Southerner; Bonaventure;
Strange True Stories of Louisiana; The
Creoles of Louisiana; The Silent South;
The Busy Man's Bible; and The Negro
Question.
CABLE, JOSEPH, congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1849 to
1853.
CABLE, RANSOM R., railroad presi
dent, was born in 1834, in Athens county,
Ohio. About 1859 he entered the coal and
railroad business at Rock Island, and
rose to be superintendent and finally pres
ident of the Peoria and Rock Island rail
road. In '1^83 he was made president of
the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific rail
road, which caused him to select Chicago
for his home.
CABOT, GEORGE, United States sena
tor, was born Dec. 3, 1751, in Salem, Mass.
Before he was twenty-six years old he was
elected a member of the provincial con
gress from Massachusetts, where he ad
vocated those principles of political eco
nomy for which he was afterward distin
guished. He was a member of the conven
tion which formed the constitution of that
state, and also of that which ratified the
constitution of the United States. In 1791
to 1796 he served in the United States sen
ate, and was one of the most distinguished
members of that body. He died April 8,
1823, in Boston, Mass.
CABOT, JAMES ELLIOT, journalist,
author, was born in 1821 in Massachusetts.
He is a Boston writer whose principal
work is A Memoir of Ralph Waldo Emer
son.
CADILLAC, ANTOINE DE LA M., foun
der of Detroit, was born about 1660, in
France. He was the founder of Detroit
in 1704; laid out lots and streets, and
built the first chapel. He died about 1720
in France.
CADMUS, CORNELIUS A., congress
man, was born Oct. 1844, in Bergen coun
ty, N. J. He was elected a member of the
house of general assembly from Passaic
county in 1883; was elected sheriff of
Passaic county in 1887 for three years, and
was elected to the fifty-second and re-
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
democrat.
CADWALADER, GEORGE, soldier,
author. In 1862 he was appointed major-
general of volunteers. He was one of the
commission to revise the military laws
and regulations. In 1862 His Services in
the Mexican Campaign of 1847 was pub
lished in Philadelphia.
CADWALADER, JOHN, general, was
born in 1742 in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
a member of the Pennsylvania convention
in 1775, and an active member of the com
mittee of safety. In the autumn of 1777,
at the request of Washington, he assisted
in organizing the militia of the eastern
shore of Maryland. He died Feb. 10, 1786,
in Shrewsbury, Pa.
CADWALADER, JOHN, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born April 1, 1805, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1854 he was elected
a representative in the thirty-fourth con
gress; declined a renomination and re
turned to the practice of his profession.
In 1858 he was appointed judge of the dis
trict court of the United States for the
eastern district of Pennsylvania.
CADWALADER, LAMBERT, soldier,
congressman, was born in Trenton, N. J.
He commanded a regiment early in the
revolution, and was a delegate to the con
tinental congress from 1784 to 1787. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1789 to 1791, and again
from 1793 to 1795. He died Sept. 12, 1823,
in Trenton, N. J.
CADWALLADER, EMMA N., educator,
poet. She is a writer of Oskaloosa, Iowa,
and has contributed a number of meritori
ous poems to the periodical press.
CADY, ALBEMARLE, soldier, was born
Feb. 15, 1807, in Keene, N. H. He was
graduated at the United States military
academy in 1829; served against the In
dians in Florida until 1842. and was at
the siege of Vera Cruz and in the battles
of Cerro Gordo, Churubusco, and Molino
del Rey. At the beginning of the civil
war he was on duty on the Pacific coast,
and remained there until 1864. He was
retired for disability resulting from long
and faithful service, and received the
brevet of brigadier-general U. 8. A., in
1865. He died March 14, 1888, in New
Haven, Conn.
CADY, DANIEL, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born April 29, 1773, in
Chatham, N. Y. He was a representative
in congress from New York from 1815 10
1817; previously served five years in the
state legislature, and in 1846 was elected
a judge of the supreme court of New
York, which position he resigned in 1856.
He died Oct. 31, 1859, in Johnstown, N. Y.
CADY, ERNEST, merchant, governor,
was born Sept. 6, 1842, in Stafford, Conn.
In 1870 he established the grocery firm of
Cummings and Cady, of Hartford, Conn.;
and in 1892 he was elected lieutenant-
governor of Connecticut.
CADY, JOHN W., congressman. He was
a member of the New York assembly in
1822, and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1823 to 1825.
CAFFERTY, JAMES H.. artist, was
born in 1819. His most notable paintings
are My Girl; My Father; and Brook-
Trout. He died Sept. 9, 1869.
CAFFERY, HONELSON, soldier, law
yer, United States senator, was born
Sept. 10, 1835, in St. Mary, La. He served
in the confederate army, first in the thir
teenth Louisiana regiment, and subse
quently on the staff of Gen. W. W. Walk
er. He practiced law and engaged in
sugar planting after the war; was a mem
ber of the constitutional convention of
1879; and was elected to the state sen
ate in 1892. He was appointed United
States senator to fill a vacancy
CAGE, HARRY, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Missis
sippi from 1833 to 1835.
184
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CAHAN, ABRAHAM, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1860 in Russia. He is
a New York city journalist, and editor
of Zukunft. He is the author of Yekl, a
Tale of the New York Ghetto; and Raph
ael Narizokh (Yiddish).
CAHILL, JUAN F., diplomat, journalist,
poet. His writings are better known
throughout Spanish-America than at
home; particularly through his editorials
which have appeared in El Commercio del
Valle, published in St.- Louis, Mo., and
of which he has been editor and propri
etor for the past fifteen years.
CAHILL, LE ROY, manufacturer, inven
tor, was born Aug. 22, 1841, in Portage,
Mich. He converted a common plow into
a riding plow. He is the owner of a
large manufacturing house in Kalamazoo,
president of the electric light company,
and director of a number of prosperous
corporations.
CAHOON, WILLIAM, jurist, statesman.
He was a presidential elector in 1809;
from 1815 to 1820 he was a state coun
cilor; county judge for nine years, and
lieutenant-governor of Vermont in 1820
and 1821. For seven years he was a mem
ber of the state legislature, and a repre
sentative in congress from Vermont from
1829 to 1833.
CAIN, RICHARD H., clergyman, con
gressman, was born April 12, 1825, in
Greenbrier county, Va. He entered the
ministry at an early age and was sent
as a missionary to the freedmen in South
Carolina. He was chosen a member of
the constitutional convention of South
Carolina; was elected a member of the
state senate and served two years; edited
a newspaper from 1868; and was elected
to the forty-third and forty-fifth con
gresses as a republican.
CAIN, WILLIAM, civil engineer, au
thor, was born in 1847 in North Carolina.
He is a professor of civil engineering in
the university of North Carolina, and the
author of Theory of Voussoir; Solid and
Braced Arches; Maximum Stress in
Framed Bridges; Solid and Braced Elas
tic Bridges; Symbolic Algebra; and Prac
tical Designing of Retaining Walls.
CAINE. JOHN T., statesman, was born
Jan. 8, 1829, in Isle of Man. He settled
in Utah in 1852; engaged in various pur
suits; was secretary of the legislative
council in 1856-60; was a delegate to the
constitutional conventions of 1872 and
1882; and served in the territorial coun
cil in 1874, 1876, 1880 and 1882. He was
elected a regent of the Deseret univer
sity in 1876, 1878, 1880 and 1882; was
elected recorder of Salt Lake City in 1876,
and re-elected in 1878, 1880 and 1882. He
was elected a delegate from Utah to the
forty-seventh congress to fill a vacancy;
and was re-elected to the forty-eighth,
forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first and fiTty-
second congresses.
CAINES, GEORGE, author, was born in
1771. He was a reporter of the New York
supreme court, and the author of Lex
Mercatoria Americana; Cases in the Court
of Errors; Forms of New York Supreme
Court; Summary of Practice in New York
Supreme Court; Cases in the Court for
Trial of Impeachments; and New York
Supreme Court Reports. He died July
10, 1825, in Catskill, N. Y.
CAIRNS, CHARLES S., lawyer, state
legislator, was born July 4, 1856, in Mus-
kingum county, Ohio. He attended Mus-
kingum college and law department of the
Michigan university. He was a member
of the Minnesota legislature, and for years
has taken an active part in the public
affairs of the state of Minnesota, and
with a view to improving the state and
city governments.
CAKE, HENRY L., soldier, congress
man, was born Oct. 6, 1827, in Northum
berland, Pa. He was elected brigadier-
general of militia in 1854; on April 18,
1861, arrived in Washington in command
of the first five hundred soldiers enlisted
lo put down the rebellion, and was Quar
tered in the capitol twenty-four hours
before any other volunteers had arrived.
Mr. Cake was twice a candidate for the
state senate, and was elected a representa
tive from Pennsylvania to the fortieth
and forty-first congresses.
CALDERHEAD, WILLIAM A., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 26,
1844, in Perry county, Ohio. He enlisted
in 1862 as a private in company H, one
hundred and twenty-sixth Ohio infantry;
was transferred to company D, ninth
veteran reserves, for disability incurred
in the service, and discharged June 27,
1865. In 1872 he settled on a homestead
near Newton, Kan., and taught school
one year in Newton. He was elected coun
ty attorney in the fall of 1888 and served
two years; and was elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
CALDWELL, ALEXANDER, jurist. He
was for several years United States dis
trict judge for the western district of Vir
ginia. He died April 8, 1839, in Wheeling,
W. Va.
CALDWELL, ALEXANDER, soldier,
congressman, was born March 1, 1830, in
Huntington county, Pa. He enlisted in
1847 as a soldier in the Mexican war, en
tering his father's company, who was
killed at one of the gates of the city of
Mexico. He went in 1861 to Kansas,
where he engaged in the transportation of
military supplies to the various posts on
the plains, and was afterward largely in
terested in the building of railroads and
bridges. He was elected to the United
States senate as a republican, and served
during 1871-77.
CALDWELL, ANDREW J., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born at Mon-
tevallo, Ala. He served in the confed
erate army throughout the civil war. In
1870 he was elected attorney-general for
the criminal district of Nashville and
Murfreesboro, Tenn., and served eight
years. He was elected a representative
from Tennessee to the forty-eighth and
forty-ninth congresses as a democrat.
CALDWELL, CHARLES, physician, au
thor, was born May 14, 1772, in Caswell
county, N. C. He was a Kentucky phy
sician, who beside publishing some 200
technical monographs and pamphlets,
wrote The Life and Campaigns of Gen
eral Greene, and translated Blumen-
bach's Elements of Physiology. He died
July 9, 1853, in Louisville, Ky.
CALDWELL, D. W., railroad president,
was born in 1830 in Massachusetts. Since
1895 he has been president of the Lake
Shore and Michigan Southern railroad;
and he is also president of the Pittsburg
and Lake Erie railroad at Cleveland, Ohio.
CALDWELL, GEORGE A., congress
man, was born in Kentucky. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1845, and again from 1849
to 1851. He died Sept. 17, 1866, in Louis
ville, Ky.
CALDWELL, GEORGE CHAPMAN, ed
ucator, author, was born Aug. 14, 1834,
in Framingham, Mass. He is a professor
of agricultural chemistry at Cornell uni
versity, and the author of Agricultural
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis;
Manual of Introductory Chemical Prac
tice (with A. Breneman); and Manual of
Qualitative Chemical Analysis.
volunteer cavalry.
CALDWELL, GREENE W., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born April 13,
1811, in Gaston county, N. C. He served
a number of years in the state legislature,
and was a member of congress from North
Carolina from 1841 to 1843. He was sub
sequently appointed superintendent of the
United States mint at Charlotte, which
position he resigned. He participated in
the war with Mexico as volunteer captain
of a company of dragoons.
CALDWELL, HENRY CLAY, lawyer,
jurist, was born Sept. 4, 1832, in Marshall
county, Va. He received his education
at the common
schools of Iowa; be
came prosecuting at
torney of Van Buren
county, and a mem
ber of the legislature
of Iowa from 1859
till 1861. He served
as a union soldier
during the civil war,
and became major,
lieutenant - colonel,
and colonel of the
third regiment, Iowa
For a quarter of a
century he faithfully served his country
as United States district judge in Arkan
sas; and since 1890 has "been judge of the
United States circuit court of appeals for
the eighth judicial circuit of Arkansas.
CALDWELL, HENRY MARTYN, capi
talist, was born in 1836, in Greenville, Ala.
He founded the Elyton Land company,
formed with a capital of $200,000, which
purchased a tract of several thousand
acres in Jones valley at a railroad cross
ing, and laid it out in streets. Furnaces
were built for smelting the iron from the
neighboring hills, workmen were brought
to the town, and houses, banks, and all the
equipment of a center of industry were
created near Birmingham, Ala.
CALDWELL, JAMES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1813 to 1817.
CALDWELL, JOHN, soldier, was born
in Prince Edward county, Va. He re
moved to Kentucky in 1781, served in the
conflicts with the Indians, and became
a major-general of militia. He was a
member of the Kentucky state conventions
of 1787 and 1788, and of the state senate
in 1792 and 1793. He died Nov. 9, 1804, in
Frankfort, Ky.
CALDWELL, JOHN ALEXANDER,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
April 21, 1852, in Fair Haven, Ohio. In
1881-85 he served as prosecuting attorney
of Cincinnati, Ohio, and was elected judge
of the police court in 1887. He has been
president of the Ohio republican league,
and chairman of the national republican
congressional committee. He was elected
to the fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-
third congresses as a republican, and in
1894 resigned to become mayor of Cin
cinnati.
CALDWELL, JOHN CURTIS, soldier,
diplomat, was born April 17, 1833. in
Lowell, Vt. He was made brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers in 1862, and brevetted
major-general in 1865. He was a member
of the Maine senate; adjutant-general of
the state in 1867; and in 1869 was United
States consul at Valparaiso. Chili. From
1873 till 1882 he was minister to Uruguay
and Paraguay; and in 1885, having re
moved to Kansas, was president of the
board of pardons of that state.
CALDWELL, JOHN H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Huntsville, Ala.
He was elected to the forty-third and
forty-fourth congresses.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
185
CALDWELL, JOHN MERRILL, soldier,
clergyman, was born Aug. 29, 1839, in
Rockland, Maine. He entered the union
^___ army in 1861, but
was disabled after a
few months of serv
ice. He joined the
Rock River confer
ence and served as
principal of the Rock
River seminary. In
1869 he went to the
Princeton church,
and since then he
has been in charge
of several prominent
churches, among
them the Ada Street and Western Avenue
churches of Chicago. He is the presiding
elder of the Chicago western district of
the methodist episcopal church.
CALDWELL, JOHN WILLIAM, soldier,
congressman, was born Jan. 15, 1838, in
Russellville, Ky. He entered the confed
erate army in 1861, as captain, and served
throughout the war, rising to the rank of
colonel. In 1866 he was elected county
judge of Logan county, Ky., and was re-
elected in 1870. He was elected a repre
sentative from Kentucky to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth and forty-seventh con
gresses, and declined a renomination.
CALDWELL, JOSEPH, educator, col
lege president, author, was born April 21,
1773, in Lamington, N. J. He was a noted
educator, who was president of the uni
versity of North Carolina, and the author
of A Compendious System of Elementary
Geometry; and Letters of Carleton. He
died Jan. 24, 1835, in Chapel Hill, N. C.
CALDWELL, JOSEPH, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1808 in Iredell
county, N. C. He entered public life in
1838, as a member of the state legislature,
where he served a number of years, and
was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1849 to 1853.
CALDWELL, LINUS BOUES, clergy
man, educator, author, was born Jan. 10,
1834, in Wilna, N. Y. He is a methodist
clergyman and educator of Tennessee, and
the author of Wines of Palestine, or The
Bible Defended; and Beyond the Grave.
CALDWELL, MERRITT, educator, au
thor, was born Nov. 29, 1806, in Hebron,
Maine. He was a professor of metaphy
sics at Dickinson college, and the author
of The Doctrine of the English Verb;
Manual of Elocution; Philosophy of
Christian Perfection; and Christianity
Tested by Eminent Men. He died June 6,
1848, in Portland, Maine.
CALDWELL, PATRICK C., congress
man, was born in South Carolina. He was
a representative in congress from South
Carolina from 1841 to 1843.
CALDWELL, ROBERT P., lawyer,
soldier, congressman, was born Dec. 16,
1821, in Adair county, Ky. He was elected
to the legislature of
Tennessee in 1847,
and to the senate in
1855. He was elected
attorney-general in
the sixteenth judi
cial circuit in 1858;
was major of infan
try in the confeder
ate service; had his
disabilities removed
by act of congress,
and was elected to
the forty-second
congress as a democrat, serving on the
committee on revolutionary pensions.
CALDWELL, SAMUEL LUNT, clergy
man, college president, was born Nov.
13, 1820, in Newburyport, Mass. He grad
uated from the Newton Theological In
stitute in 1845, and for five years was a
professor of church history in that insti
tution. From 1878-85 he was president of
Vassar college. He was the author of
Cities of Our Faith and Other Discourses
and Addresses. He died in 1889 in Provi
dence, R. I.
CALDWELL, TOD R., lawyer, state
senator, governor, was born in 1818 in
Morganton, N. C. He served in the state
legislature from 1842 to 1844; was a state
senator in 1850; lieutenant-governor in
1868, and in 1872 was elected governor of
the state. He died July 11, 1874, in Hills-
borough, N. C.
CALDWELL, WILLIAM PARKER, law
yer, legislator, congressman, was born
Nov. 8, 1832, in Christmasville, Tenn. He
attended the Bethel and Cumberland col
leges, and graduated from the Cumber
land university. He was twice a member
of the Tennessee house of representatives;
once a member of the Tennessee senate,
and was a member of the forty-fourth and
forty-fifth United States congresses. He
served as a presidential elector twice, and
has been a delegate to several national
nominating conventions. He has had con
siderable experience as a judge — holding
positions where the regular judges were
under disabilities.
CALDWELL, WILLIAM WARREN,
business man, poet, was born Oct. 28, 1823,
in Newburyport, Mass. He is a druggist
and a graduate of Bowdoin college. He
has published poems, original and trans
lated, and has translated many lyrics from"
the German.
CALEF, ROBERT, merchant, author,
was born in 1648 in Massachusetts. He
was a Boston merchant who published
in 1700 More Wonders of the Invisible
World, a satirical reply to Cotton Math
er's Wonders of the Invisible World. Its
line of argument was in direct opposition
to the witchcraft persecutions, and the
book was publicly burnt by Increase
Mather in the grounds of Harvard college.
He died in 1719.
CALHOUN, EDMUND ROSE, naval of
ficer, was born May 6, 1821, in Chambers-
burg, Pa. He was appointed midshipman
in 1869; was promoted commodore in
1876; and rear-admiral in 1882. His final
services were performed as commandant
of the Mare Island navy yard, and as in-
pector of vessels on the California coast.
CALHOUN, JAMES EDWARD, capital
ist, soldier, was born in 1798, in Abbe
ville, S. C. He became occupied with
planting and interests in land, and accu
mulated a very large estate, amounting
to something like 25,000 acres in Abbe
ville county, S. C., and Washington coun
ty, Ga., extending on both sides of the
Savannah river.
CALHOUN, JAMES S., governor, was
born in Georgia. In 1851 he was appoint
ed the first governor of the territory of
New Mexico.
CALHOUN, JOHN, jurist, congressman,
was born in Kentucky. For many years
he was a circuit judge; in 1820 and 1821
was a member of the legislature from
Ohio county, and in 1829, 1830, and 1840,
a member of the same from Brecken-
ridge county. He was a representative
in congress from Kentucky from 1835 to
1839. The county-seat of McLean county
was named for him in 1852.
CALHOUN, JOHN CALDWELL. vice-
president of the United States, author,
was born March 18, 1782, in Abbeville
District, S. C. He
was a South Caro
lina statesman who
was secretary of
state under Monroe,
and again under Ty
ler; vice-president
under John Quincy
Adams, and United
States senator from
1845 till his death.
He was one of the
ablest of political
leaders, a great ora
tor, and a political thinker of the first
rank. His literary style is both vigorous
and concise, and displays at times a re
markable intensity of expression. He
was the author of A Disquisition on Gov
ernment; and The Constitution and Gov
ernment of the United States. He died
March 31, 1850, in Washington, D. C.
CALHOUN, JOHN ERWIN, lawyer,
United States senator, was born in 1749.
He was for many years in the state legis
lature of South Carolina, and was a sen
ator in congress from South Carolina
from 1801 to 1802. He was a member of
the committee which was instructed to
report a modification of the judiciary sys
tem of the United States. He died Nov.
3, 1802, in Pendleton District, S. C.
CALHOUN, JOSEPH, congressman, was
a representative in Congress, from South
Carolina, from 1807 to 1811.
CALHOUN, PATRICK, financier, was
born March 21, 1856, in Fort Hill, S. C.
In 1889 he was appointed general counsel
for the Terminal company, and the Rail
road company of Atlanta, Ga. ; and soon
after became its president.
CALHOUN, WILLIAM BARRON, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 29, 1796,
in Boston, Mass. He was a member of
the state legislature from 1825 to 1835,
and speaker for two years. He was a
representative in congress, from his na
tive state, from 1835 to 1843; presidenl of
the state senate in 1846 and 1847; sec
retary of state from 1848 to 1851; bank
commissioner from 1853 to 1855; presiden
tial elector in 1844; and mayor of Spring
field in 1859. He died Nov. 8, 1865, in
Springfield, Mass.
CALKIN, H. C., merchant, congress
man, was born March 23, 1828, in Maiden,
N. Y. He was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-first con
gress.
CALKINS, FRANKLIN WELLES, au
thor, was born June 5, 1855, in Iowa coun
ty, Wis. He attended the Iowa Agricul
tural college in 1876;
taught school and
read law for the suc
ceeding three years.
In 1880 he began con
tributing stories of
adventure and
sketches of western
life and character in
the Youth's Compan
ion and other prom
inent publications.
He is the author of
a work entitled
Tales of the West, in three volumes; and
more than three hundred of his serials
and short stories have been published.
His power of vivid narration is conceded
by the critics to be of the highest order
of talent, and his stories are valuable for
their lifelikeness and their truthfulness
to character and environment.
186
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CALKINS, NORMAN ALLISON, educa
tor, author, was born Sept. 9, 1822, in New
York. He was the first assistant superin
tendent of primary schools in New York
city for thirty-three years, and was the
author of Primary Object Lessons; How
to Teach; Manual of Object Teaching;
Aids for Object Teaching; Trades and
Occupations; and Natural History Series
for Children.
CALKINS, WILLIAM H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Feb. 18,
1842, in Pike county, Ohio. He entered
the union army in 1861, and served al
most continuously until 1865. He was
state's attorney for the ninth judicial cir
cuit from 1866 to 1870; was a represent
ative in the state legislature in 1871; and
was elected a representative from Indiana
to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-sev
enth and forty-eighth congresses as a
republican.
CALL, DANIEL, lawyer, was born
about 1765. He was a brother-in-law of
Chief Justice John Marshall, and pub
lished Reports of the Virginia Court of
Appeals, in six volumes. He died May
20, 1840, in Richmond, Va.
CALL, JACOB, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Indiana
from 1824 to 1825.
CALL, RICHARD KEITH, soldier, gov
ernor, was born in 1791 in Kentucky. He
was appointed brigadier-general of the
Florida militia; was a member of the
legislative council of Florida in 1822; a
delegate to congress from that territory,
from 1823 to 1825; and receiver of public
money for the land office. He was gov
ernor of Florida from 1836 to 1839, and
again from 1841 to 1844. He died Sept.
14, 1862, in Tallahassee, Fla.
CALL, RICHARD KEITH, soldier, in
ventor, author, was born in 1757. He was
a major in the revolutionary army. He
gave attention to scientific studies, and
invented and modeled a railroad train
and engine designed to minimize the at
mospheric resistance. He has published
a lecture on Physical Education and an
Essay on Religion and Science. He died
in 1792.
CALL, WILKINSON, lawyer, legislator,
United States senator, was born in Rus-
sellville, Ky., but removed to Florida
when a child. He served as adjutant-
general in the confederate army in the
war between the states; was presidential
elector for the state at large in 1872 and
1876; was member of the national demo
cratic executive committee in 1876, and
delegate to the national democratic con
vention at St. Louis in 1876. He was
chosen senator by the legislature of Flori
da under the provisional government es
tablished by President Johnson, but was
denied admission. He was elected sena
tor in 1879 and took his seat March 18,
1879, and was re-elected in 1885 and 1891.
He has been in the United States senate
for eighteen years, and is one of the
strongest anti-corporationists in the state
of Florida.
CALLAHAN, ETHELBERT, farmer,
lawyer, legislator, was born Dec. 17, 1829,
in Licking county, Ohio. He has been a
justice of the peace at Robinson, 111.; a
member of the state board of equalization,
and a delegate to the general conference
of the methodist episcopal church. He
has twice been a presidential elector, and
for four terms served with distinction as
a member of the general assembly of the
state of Illinois. He has been president
of the Illinois State Bar association, and
a member of the commission to revise the
laws of Illinois.
CALLAHAN, JAMES, capitalist, was
born Oct. 12, 1818, in New Scotland, N.
Y. He was one of the founders of the
Hawkeye Insurance company of Des
Moines, Iowa, and has been its vice-presi
dent for over twenty years.
CALLAHAN. JAMES YANCY, clergy
man, farmer, congressman, was born Dec.
19, 1852, in Dent county, Mo. He was li
censed as a local minister in the methodist
episcopal church in 1880, which relation
he holds at the present time. He has
been engaged principally in farming,
sawmilling, and mining. He removed to
Oklahoma in 1892 and settled on a farm,
and was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
by the populists and democrats on a free
silver ticket.
CALLAWAY, S. R., railroad president.
He is the president of the New York, Chi
cago and St. Louis railroad.
CALLENDER, FRANKLIN D., soldier,
was born about 1817 in New York. During
the civil war he was on foundry and gen
eral ordnance duty, and was brevetted
major in 1862, receiving his promotion to
the full grade in 1863. He died Dec. 13,
1882, in Daysville, 111.
CALLENDER, JAMES THOMAS, au
thor, was born in England. He was a
writer who was exiled from England on
account of his pamphlet, The Political
Progress of Great Britain. He was at first
the friend and soon the violent political
opponent of Thomas Jefferson. He was
the author of Sketches of the History of
America; and The Prospect Before I's.
He was drowned in 1813 in the James
river, near Richmond, Va.
CALLENDER, JOHN, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1706 in Boston, Mass.
He was a baptist clergyman of Newport,
R. I., whose Historical Discourse, 1739, is
a careful monograph of Rhode Island his
tory for the first century of the colony's
existence. He died Jan. 26, 1748, in New
port, R. I.
CALLENDER, WALTER, soldier, mer
chant, was born Nov. 24, 1847, in Colum
bus, Ga. He fought in the revolutionary
war and rose to the rank of captain. At
the close of the war he retired to organize
the firm of Callender, McAuslan and
Troup of Providence, R. I.
CALLIS, JOHN BENTON, soldier, leg
islator, congressman, was born Jan. 3,
1828, in Fayetteville, N. C. He studied
medicine, inn ueveT
went into active
practice. He served
in the civil war as
, captain of company
W^p o, F, seventh regiment
^ x Wisconsin volunteer
~- infantry; was pro
moted to major,
lieutenant - colonel,
brevet-colonel, and
brigadier-general for
bravery during the
war. He received a
ball in the right lung at the battle of
Gettysburg, July 1, 1863; and mustered
out of volunteer service on Dec. 30 of the
same year for disability. Six months later
he was appointed major in the V. R. C.;
and was assigned to duty as military su
perintendent of the war department in
Washington, D. C. He was subsequently
made captain in the forty-fifth United
States infantry regular army; was pro
moted to brigadier-general of volunteers,
and served until 1868. He was elected to
the fortieth congress from Alabama, and
served with distinction. During 1873-74
he served in the legislature of Wisconsin.
CALTHROP, SAMUEL ROBERT, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 9, 1829, in
England. He is a Unitarian clergyman of
Syracuse, and the author of Essay on
Religion and Science; and The Rights of
the Body.
CALVERLEY, CHARLES, sculptor,
was born Nov. 1, 1833, in Albany, N. Y.
Among his works are The Little Compan
ions; Little Ida, a medallion; and bronze
busts, heroic size, of John Brown; Hor
ace Greeley, on his monument at Green
wood.
CALVERT, BENEDICT L., proprietary
governor of Maryland, was born about
1700 in England. He was appointed gov
ernor of Maryland in 1726, presiding at
the first session of the assembly of Mary
land on Oct. 10, 1727. He died on his voy
age to England.
CALVERT, CECIL, second baron of Bal
timore, was born in 1606 in Ireland. His
father, the . first lord of Baltimore,
died in 1632', before his patent to the
province of Maryland had passed the
royal seal; and consequently all the rights
and privileges given thereunder were se
cured to Cecil, with the title of Absolute
lord of Maryland and Aralon, in addition
to the baronial estates of Baltimore. He
died Nov. 30, 1675, in London, England.
CALVERT, CHARLES, third baron of
Baltimore, was born in 1629 in London,
England. He was sent to Maryland as
governor in 1661, and on his father's
death in 1675, succeeded him as lord-pro
prietor, holding his title until it was
wrested from him by the protestant revo
lution in 1688. He died Feb. 20, 1715, In
England.
CALVERT, CHARLES, fifth baron of
Baltimore, was born Sept. 29, 1699. He
was fourth palatine of Maryland, and
proprietary governor. In 1732, finding
his presence necessary to settle the boun
dary dispute with Pennsylvania, he ar
rived In the province and assumed the
government in his own person, but re
turned to England in 1734. He died April
24, 1751, in England.
CALVERT, CHARLES B.. state legis
lator, congressman, was born Aug. 24,
1808, in Prince George county, Md. He
was elected to the legislature of Maryland
in 1839, 1843, and 1844, and was elected
a representative from Maryland to the
thirty-seventh congress. He died May
14, 1864, in Riverside, Md.
CALVERT, FREDERICK, sixth baron
of Baltimore, was born in 1731 in Eng
land. In 1751 he succeeded to the title
of baron of Baltimore and to the pro-
prietaryship of Maryland. He was the
author of A Tour to the East in the Years
1763 and 1764, with Remarks on the City
of Constantinople; also Select Pieces of
Oriental Wit, Poetry and Wisdom. He
died Sept. 9, 1771, in Italy.
CALVERT, GEORGE, first baron of Bal
timore, was born in 1581 in England. He
explored the region of Chesapeake Bay,
and on his return to England requested
a grant for a district south of the James
river. Meeting with opposition from the
Virginia company, he applied for a grant
north and east of the Potomac, but died
before the grant was issued, and his son
succeeded to his rights. He died April 15,
1632, in London, England.
CALVERT, GEORGE HENRY, author,
poet, was born Jan. 2, 1803, in Prince
George county, Md. He was the author
of Goethe: His Life and Works; Dante
and His Latest Translators; St. Beuve,
the Critic; Count Julian, a tragedy;
Three Score, and Other Poems, and a
translation of Schiller's Don Carlos. He
died May 24, 1889, in Newport, R. I.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
187
CALVERT, LEONARD, proprietary
governor of Maryland, was born in 1606.
In 1633 he was sent to found the colony
in Maryland. He landed at Blackstone
Island in 1634, and made the first settle
ment, which was named St. Mary's. He
died June 9, 1647.
CALVERT, PHILIP, proprietary gov
ernor of Maryland. In 1660 he was com
missioned governor of Maryland.
CALVIN, DELANO C., lawyer, author,
was born Nov. 3, 1824, in Jefferson coun
ty, N. Y. He has attained success as a
noted lawyer of New York city, and is
the author of a number of works.
CALVIN, SAMUEL, educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 30, 1811, in
Washingtonville, Pa. In 1848 he was
elected a member from Pennsylvania to
the thirty-first congress, and in 1850 de
clined a re-election.
CALVIN, SAMUEL, soldier, geologist,
was born Feb. 2, 1840, in Scotland. He
served as a private during the latter part
of the civil war, and subsequently be
came professor of geology and structural
zoology at the state university of Iowa.
CALVO, HENRY CLAY WARMOTH
CASA, lawyer, legislator, lecturer, was
born June 29, 1869, in Baton Rouge, La.
He is a great-grandson of Governor Casa
Calvo, who was governor of the territory
of Louisiana during 1799-1801. For sev
eral years he was engaged in educa
tional work, and in 1896 was elected to the
state legislature of Louisiana. He has
attained prominence as a successful law
yer in his native city, and as a lecturer
is well known throughout the state.
CAMBELL, ALEXANDER, physician,
state senator, congressman, was born in
1779, in Virginia. He was a member of the
Kentucky legislature in 1800. He moved
to Ohio in 1803; was a member of the
•Ohio legislature in 1806; was a senator
in congress from that state from 1809 to
1813; and served as a state senator from
1813 to 1823. He died Nov. 5. 1857, in
Ripley, Ohio.
CAMBELL, BROOKINS, state senator,
congressman, was born in 1808 in Wash
ington county, Tenn. He was, for many
years, a member of the state legislature,
and in 1845 was unanimously elected
speaker. He was an officer in the quar
termaster's department in the war with
Mexico, and was elected a representative
from Tennessee to the thirty-third con
gress. He died Dec. 25, 1853, in Washing
ton, D. C.
CAMBRELENG, CHURCHILL C., mer
chant, diplomat, congressman, was born
in 1786 in Washington, N. C. At an early
day he engaged
in mercantile pur
suits with John Ja
cob Astor, and trav
eled extensively over
the world. He was
a representative in
congress from New
York from 1821 to
1839, and in 1840
was appointed min
ister plenipotentiary
to Russia; his re
ports and political
pamphlets were at one time very numer
ous, one of the former, on commerce and
navigation, having gone through several
editions and been republished in Lon
don. He died April 30, 1862, at West
Neck, L. I.
CAMDEN, JOHNSON N., lawyer, legis
lator, United States senator, was born
March 6, 1828, in Lewis county, W. Va.
He was appointed a cadet to West Point
in 1846; and resigned in 1848. He was
admitted to the bar in 1851; appointed
prosecuting attorney for Braxton county
the same year, and was elected prosecut
ing attorney for Nicholas county in 1852.
He was engaged in the banking business
from 1854 to 1858, when he entered into
the development of petroleum and manu
facturing interests at Parkersburg; and
was made president of the First National
bank of that city in 1862. He was the
nominee of the democratic party for gov
ernor in 1868 and again in 1872; and was a
delegate to the democratic national con
vention of 1868, 1872 and 1876. He was
elected to the United States senate, and
took his seat March 4, 1881, and served
till March 3, 1887; and was in the United
States senate in 1893-95, to fill a vacancy.
He was instrumental in organizing the
Ohio River Railroad company and building
a road on the east bank of the Ohio river
from Wheeling, by way of Parkersburg, to
Huntington, and later he organized and
built the railroad from Fairmont to
Clarksburg, opening up a coal field which
is now marketing over a million tons of
coal and coke annually. He is president
of the Monongahela River road, and the
West Virginia and Pittsburg road; and
is also the president of other railroads
and business enterprises.
CAMERON, ALEXANDER, manufactu
rer, was born Nov. 1, 1834, in Scotland.
He extended the tobacco industry by or
ganizing the firm of Alexander Cameron
and Company, of Richmond, in 1865; and
established an Australian branch, and
built large factories at Melbourne, Ade
laide, Sydney and Brisbane.
CAMERON, ALEXANDER, lawyer, was
born March 9, 1849, in Charleston, S. C.
He was one of the incorporators of the
New York and Jersey Telephone company,
a director therein, its general counsel,
and president of the Automatic Fire
Alarm company of Long Island.
CAMERON, ANGUS, was born July 4,
1826, in Caledonia, N. Y. He was a mem
ber of the New York state senate in 1863.
1864, 1871 and 1872; was a member of the
assembly in 1866 and 1867, and was speak
er of that body in 1867. In 1875 he was
elected to the United States senate from
Wisconsin for the term ending in 1881,
and was re-elected in 1881 for the re
mainder of the term ending in 1885, to fill
a vacancy.
CAMERON, HENRY CLAY, educator,
author, was oorn Sept. 1, 1827, in Shep-
herdstown, Va. Meanwhile he was princi
pal of the Edgehill school in Princeton in
1851, and in 1852-55 tutor at the college.
He was made adjunct professor of Greek
in 1855, associate in 1860, and since 1877
he has held the chair of the Greek lan
guage and literature in Princeton college.
In addition he was instructor in French
in 1859-70, and librarian in 1865-72. For
more than twenty years he edited the
General Catalogue of the College of New
Jersey, and, in addition to cyclopaedia
articles and essays, including one on Jon
athan Dickinson and the Rise of Col
leges in America, he has published Prince
ton Roll of Honor, a list of the grad
uates of that college that fought in the
war for the union; and The History of the
American Whig Society.
CAMERON, I. W., poet. He has con
tributed many meritorious poems to the
press of Iowa.
CAMERON, JAMES, soldier, was born
March 1, 1801, in Maytown, Pa. He took
the colonelcy of the seventy-ninth New
York highland regiment of volunteers, and
at the first battle of Bull Run, July 21,
1861, fell, at the head of his men, mortally
wounded.
CAMERON, JAMES DONALD, states
man, was born May 14, 1833, in Harris-
burg, Pa. He was a delegate to the re
publican national convention at Chicago
in 1880; and was elected a United States
senator from Pennsylvania as a republi
can, to fill the vacancy caused by the res
ignation of his father, Simon Cameron, in
1877, and was re-elected in 1879, in 1885
and in 1890.
CAMERON, PAUL CARRINGTON, law
yer, financier, state senator, was born
Sept. 25, 1808, in Stagville, N. C. He
promoted the building of the North Caro
lina railroad, and served for one year as
president. In 1856 Orange county sent
him to the state senate. He died Jan. 6,
1891, in Hillsboro, N. C.
CAMERON, ROBERT ALEXANDER,
physician, soldier, was born Feb. 22. 1828,
in Brooklyn, N. Y. He was a member of
the Indiana legislature in 1860-61. He en
tered the national service as a captain
in 1861, and was made brigadier-general
of volunteers in 1863. He was superintend
ent of the colony that founded the town of
Greeley, Col., in 1870, and of the Colorado
springs and Manitou colonies in 1871.
In 1885 he was made warden of the state
penitentiary at Canon City, Col.
CAMERON, SIMON, journalist, states
man, was born March 8, 1799, in Lancas
ter county, Pa. Before entering congress
he was the cashier of a bank, president of
two railroad companies, and adjutant-gen
eral of the state. He was first elected a
senator in congress in 1845. In 1860 he
was prominently mentioned as a candi
date for the presidency; in 1861 became
secretary of war under President Lincoln;
and in 1862 resigned that position and
was appointed minister to Russia. In 1867
he was again chosen a senator in congress
for the term ending in 1873, and was re-
elected to the senate for a fourth term,
and resigned in 1877. He died June 26,
1889, in Lancaster county, Pa.
CAMERON, WILLIAM E., governor.
He was elected governor of Virginia for
the term of four years, from 1882.
CAMINETTI, ANTHONY, lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 30, 1854, in Jack
son, Cal. He was elected district attorney
of Amador county in 1877 for two years,
re-elected in 1879 for three years; and was
elected to the state assembly in 1883. He
declined renomination, and was elected
to the state senate in 1886. He has been
engaged in practical fruit culture. He is
the first native of California after it be
came a state elected to congress; was
elected to the fifty-second and fifty-third
congresses as a democrat.
CAMP, DAVID NELSON, educator,
banker, was born Oct. 3, 1820, in Durham,
Ky. He received his education in the
Durham, Meriden
and Hartford Gram
mar schools. He has
served as state su
perintendent o f
schools; was profes
sor in St. John's col
lege, and attained
prominence as one
of the foremost edu
cators of the New
England states. He
has filled numerous
positions of honor in
his city, county and state; was auditor of
the National Council, and is a prominent
member of various fraternal orders. For
many years he has retired from active
work, but holds the position of vice-presi
dent of the National bank of New Brit
ain, Conn.
188
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CAMP, E. C., soldier, lawyer, was born
Aug. 1, 1839, in Knox county, Ohio. He
served in the civil war until 1864; in 1869
was appointed United States district at
torney, and since 1868 has been president
and manager of the Coal Creek Coal com
pany of Knoxville, Tenn.
CAMP, JOHN H., lawyer, congressman,
was born April 14, 1840, in Ithaca, N. Y.
He was district attorney of Wayne county
from 1867 to 1870; and was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth and forty-seventh con
gresses as a republican.
CAMP, WALTER, author, was born in
1859 in Cincinnati. He is a writer of
prominence on athletic matters, and the
author of Book of College Sports; Ameri
can Football; Football Facts and Figures;
and Football.
CAMPAU, DANIEL J., lawyer, was born
Aug. 20, 1852, in Detroit, Mich. Several
times a delegate to local, state and na
tional conventions, he aided in nominat
ing and electing President Cleveland in
1884, and has been treasurer of the Demo
cratic state committee since 1886. He
was collector of customs at Detroit in 188G-
90. He is the principal owner of the
Detroit Driving club, president of the
American Trotting association, and con
trolling owner of the newspaper called
the Chicago Horseman.
CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER, theologian,
author, was born Sept. 12, 1788, in Ireland.
He was a baptist clergyman of West Vir
ginia, who was the founder of the sect of
Campbellites, or Disciples of Christ. He
established Bethany college of Virginia in
1841, and was its first president. His
writings, mainly controversial, are nearly
sixty in number, among them being Chris
tian Baptism; Infidelity Refuted by In
fidels; Essay on Life and Death; Popular
Lectures and Addresses; Christianity as
it Was; Familiar Lectures on the Penta
teuch; and Six Letters to a Sceptic. He
died March 4, 1866, in Bethany, W. Va.
CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER, manufac
turer, congressman, was born Oct. 4, 1814,
in Concord, Pa. He was twice mayor of
La Salle, 111.; and served two terms
in the Illinois legislature. He was a mem
ber of the state constitutional convention
of 1862; and was elected a representative
from Illinois to the forty-fourth congress.
CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER AUGUS
TUS, physician, surgeon, author, was born
Dec. 30, 1789, in Amherst county, Va. He
was a presbyterian clergyman and physi
cian, once prominent in Tennessee, whose
only book was a work on Scripture Bap
tism. He died May 27, 1846, in Jackson.
Tenn.
CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER JAMES,
author. He is the author of The Power
of Christ to Save to the Uttermost; Amer
ican Practical Cyclopaedia; and A True
Friend, reflections on Life, Character, and
Conduct.
CAMPBELL, ANDREW, inventor, was
born Jan. 14, 1821, near Trenton, N. J.
He was foreman of a printing press fac
tory; invented numerous devices; and in
1858 began business on his own account.
In 1866 he invented his two-revolution
book press, and in 1868 his art-press for
fine art illustrations. He constructed the
first press ever built that printed, inserted,
pasted, folded, and cut, in one continuous
operation. His patents number about
fifty, and are applied to every branch of
press building.
CAMPBELL, BARTLEY, journalist, au
thor, was born Aug. 12, 1843, in Alle
gheny City. He was a journalist of
1'ittsburg. who turned his attention to the
stage and became a popular playwright.
He was the author of My Partner; The
Galley Slave; Matrimony; Siberia; The
Big Bonanza; The White Slave; and
Peril. He died July 30, 1888, in Middle-
town, N. Y.
CAMPBELL, CHARLES, educator, au
thor, was born May 1, 1807, in Petersburg,
Va. He was an educator of Petersburg,
Va., whose father, John Wilson Camp
bell, a bookseller there for many years,
wrote a History of Virginia to 1781. The
writings of Charles Campbell include
History of the Colony of Virginia; Ge
nealogy of the Spotswood Family; The
Bland Papers; and Memoir of John Daly
Burk. He died July 11, 1876, in Staunton,
Va.
CAMPBELL, CHARLES THOMAS, sol
dier, state legislator, was born Aug. 10,
1823, in Franklin county, Pa. He became
second lieutenant in the eighth United
States infantry, and served through the
Mexican war. He was wounded three
times at Fair Oaks, and twice at Freder-
icksburg, and a horse was killed under
him in each of these battles. He was
promoted to brigadier-general on March
13, 1863, and after the close of the war
removed to Dakota. In 1852 he was a
member of the Pennsylvania state legis
lature.
CAMPBELL, DAVID, jurist. He was
one of the first territorial judges ap
pointed after the adoption of the consti
tution. In 1811 he received the appoint
ment of judge for the territory of Missis
sippi.
CAMPBELL, DAVID, soldier, governor.
He was appointed major of the twelfth
infantry in 1812; lieutenant-colonel of
the twentieth infantry in 1813, and re
signed in 1814. He was governor of Vir
ginia from 1836 to 1839. He died March
19, 1859, in Abingdon, Va.
CAMPBELL, DOUGLAS, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1840 in New York. He
was a lawyer of New York city, whose
notable historical work, The Puritan in
Holland, England, and America, has at
tracted much attention. He died in 1893.
CAMPBELL, DOUGLAS HOUGHTON,
botanist, author, was born in 1859 in
Michigan. He is a professor of botany in
Stanford university, and the author of
Elements of Structural and Systematic
Botany, and Structure and Development
of the Mosses and Ferns.
CAMPBELL, DUNCAN R., clergyman,
college president, was born Aug. 14, 1814,
in Scotland. He became a baptist, and
accepted a pastorate. He afterward re
moved to Kentucky, and was elected pro
fessor of Hebrew and biblical literature
in the theological seminary at Covington.
In 1852 he became president of George
town college, and ably discharged the du
ties of that office until his death. He died
Aug. 16, 1865, in Covington, Ky.
CAMPBELL, EDNA JANE, educator,
poet, was born March 17, 1855, in Alamo,
Ind. Since her youth she has been en
gaged in educational work; has contrib
uted extensively to the periodical press;
and is the author of a number of meritor
ious poems.
CAMPBELL, .ELIZABETH CATHAR
INE, educator, poet, was born Nov. 7,
1860, in Ontario, Canada. After receiving
her education she began educational work,
and has taught in various schools in Can
ada and North Dakota, to which state she
removed in 1886. For many years she has
been county superintendent of schools of
Foster county, N. D. Mrs. Campbell has
written extensively for educational pa
pers and her poems have appeared in some
of the leading magazines and newspapers
of America.
CAMPBELL, FELIX, congressman, was
born Feb. 28, 1829, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
For thirteen years he was president of the-
board of trustees of the widows' and or
phans' fund of the fire department; for
twelve years president of the board of
trustees of the Brooklyn fire department;
became a director in several corporations,
and for twelve years was a member of
the Brooklyn board of education. He was
elected a representative, from New York,
to the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth
and fifty-first congresses as a democrat.
CAMPBELL, GEORGE TRUMAN, phy
sician, was born Oct. 13, 1826, in Camillus,
N. Y. He was president of the Onondaga
county medical society; for several terms
supervisor of the town of Skaneateles, and
for many years a member and president
of the board of education. He died Feb.
11, 1889, in Skaneateles, N. Y.
CAMPBELL, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
jurist, diplomat, United States senator,,
was born in 1768 in Tennessee. He was a
representative in congress, from Tennes
see, from 1803 to 1809; was judge of the
United States district court; was elected
senator of the United States in 1811, and
resigned on being appointed secretary of
the treasury in 1814. He resumed his seat
in the senate the following year, and
served until 1818, when he was appointed
minister to Russia, where he remained
until 1821. In 1831 he was appointed one
of the commissioners to settle the claims
against France. He died Feb. 17, 1848, in
Nashville, Tenn.
CAMPBELL, MRS. HELEN STUART,
author, was born July 4, 1839, in Lockport,
N. Y. She is a writer who is deeply con
cerned in philanthropic and social re
forms, and whose work covers a wide
range of topics. She is the author of In
Foreign Kitchens; The Easiest Way in
Housekeeping, books for the house
keeper. Prisoners of Poverty; Prisoners
of Poverty Abroad; Some Passages in the
Life of Dr. Martha Scarborough; Women
Wage-Earners; Problem of the Poor;
Darkness and Daylight in New York, re
late to the social problems of the time.
Six Sinners; His Grandmothers; Roger
Berkeley's Probation; Miss Melinda's Op
portunity; Mrs. Herndon's Income; The
What-to-Do-Club; Under Green Apple-
Boughs; Unto the Third and Fourth Gen
eration; Patty Pearson's Boy, are fic
tion. Other works are Girls' Handbook
of Work and Play; A Sylvan City, a de
scription of Philadelphia; The Ainslee
Stories, for juvenile readers, and Anne
Bradstreet and her Time.
CAMPBELL, HUGH GEORGE, naval
officer, was born in 1760 in South Caro
lina. In 1775 he volunteered on board the
first man-of-war commissioned by the
council of South Carolina; in 1812 com
manded some gun-boats in St. Mary's
river during an insurrection against the
Spanish rule in Florida. He died Nov.
11, 1820, in Washington, D. C.
CAMPBELL, JACOB MILLER, soldier,
congressman, was born Nov. 20, 1821, in
Somerset county, Pa. He was a delegate
to the first republican convention, held
at Philadelphia, in 1856. He served in the
union army from 1861 to 1865, rising to
the rank of brevet brigadier-general. He
was elected surveyor-general of Pennsyl
vania in 1865, and re-elected, serving six
years. He was a trustee of the Pennsyl
vania state college, and was elected a rep
resentative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-fifth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth
and forty-ninth congresses as a repub
lican.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
189
CAMPBELL, JAMES, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1813 in Philadelphia, Pa. In
1842 he was a judge of common pleas,
and held the position until 1850. In 1852
he was made attorney-general for the
state, and in 1853 went into the cabinet of
President Pierce, as postmaster-general.
CAMPBELL, JAMES A., physician, au
thor, was born Jan. 12, 1847, in Platteville,
Wis. He was appointed oculist of the
Good Samaritan hospital in 1873. He was
also chosen professor of ophthalmology
and otology in the Home Medical college
of Missouri. When the Children's free
hospital of St. Louis was founded, in
1879, he was appointed a member of its
staff of physicians.
CAMPBELL, JAMES E., lawyer, con
gressman, governor, was born July 17,
1843, in Middletown, Ohio. He served in
the United States Navy during the civil
war, and was prosecuting attorney of But
ler county, Ohio, from 1876 to 1880. In
1882 he was elected a representative from
Ohio to the forty-eighth congress, and
was re-elected to the forty-ninth congress
as a democrat. In 1889 he was elected
governor of Ohio.
CAMPBELL, JAMES GARLAND, cler
gyman, was born Jan. 30, 1863, in Gallipo-
lis, Ohio. He graduated from the De
Pauw university, and from the Allegheny
college; and has received the degrees of
A. B. and Ph. D. He is a successful
clergyman in the northwest Indiana con
ference of the methodist episcopal
church, and has filled pastorates in many
important churches in Indiana. He is the
superintendent of the literary department
of Epworth League for Indiana; was a
delegate to the International Epworth
League convention held in Cleveland in
1893, and also in Toronto, Canada, in
1897.
CAMPBELL, JAMES H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 8, 1820, in Wil-
liamsport, Pa. He was a member of the
Whig convention at Baltimore; was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1855 to 1857, and again from
1858 to 1861. He was re-elected to the
thirty-seventh congress; in 1864 was
appointed minister resident to Sweden;
and in 1866 was made minister to Bogota.
CAMPBELL, JAMES R., journalist,
congressman, was born May 4, 1853, in
Hamilton county, 111. In 1878 he pur
chased The Times of McLeansboro, 111.,
and has since edited it. He was elected
to the Illinois house of representatives in
1884 and 1886; advanced to the senate in
1888, and re-elected in 1892. During these
twelve years' continuous service in the
general assembly of Illinois he partici
pated in the memorable Morrison-Logan
contest for the United States senate, in
the session of 1885; and was one of the
101 democrats that elected Gen. John M.
Palmer United States senator in 1891.
He has served for the past twelve years as
a member of the judiciary, appropriation,
revenue, and agricultural committees, and
during this time introduced and secured
the passage of many important bills of
interest to the citizens of Illinois. He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
CAMPBELL, JAMES VALENTINE,
jurist, author, was born Feb. 25, 1823, in
Buffalo, N. Y. He was a Michigan jurist,
and the author of Outlines of the Politifcal
History of Michigan. He died March 26,
1890, in Detroit, Mich.
CAMPBELL, JEREMIAH ROCKWELL,
business man, was born Nov. 26, 1827, in
Boston, Mass. He has attained success in
the hotel business; and was active in or
ganizing the Jacksonville loan and im
provement company.
CAMPBELL, JESSE H., clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 10, 1807, in Mclntosh
county, Ga. He is one of the most labor
ious and useful preachers in his native
state. His chief literary work is Georgia
Baptists — Historical and Biographical.
CAMPBELL, JOHN, financier, was born
in Virginia. In 1829 he was appointed
treasurer of the United States, and re
mained in office until 1839.
CAMPBELL, JOHN, jurist, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Maryland from 1801 to 1811;
and was judge of the orphans' court in
Charles county. He died June 23, 1828, in
Charles county, Md.
CAMPBELL, JOHN, congressman, was
born in South «Carolina. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1829 to 1831, and again from 1837 to 1845.
He died May 19, 1845, in Marlborough,
S. C.
CAMPBELL, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1837 to 1843.
CAMPBELL, JOHN, journalist, was
born in 1653 in Scotland. He was a Bos
ton bookseller, and on April 24, 1704, is
sued the Boston News-Letter, the first
permanent newspaper published in North
America. He was postmaster of Boston
for many years, ending with 1718, and was
for several years justice of the peace for
Suffolk county. He died March, 1728, in
Boston, Mass.
CAMPBELL, JOHN, surgeon, was born
about 1822 in New York. He was pro
moted surgeon in 1861, acting through the
civil war in that grade, and at its close
received brevets of lieutenant-colonel and
colonel, U. S. A., for faithful and meritor
ious services. He was advanced to the
full rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1877;
colonel in 1885, and placed on the retired
list in 1885.
CAMPBELL, JOHN ALLEN, soldier,
governor, was born Oct. 8, 1835, in Salem,
Ohio. He entered the volunteer army as
second lieutenant, and was promoted to
the rank of brigadier-general for cour
age in the field and marked ability and
fidelity at Rich Mountain, Shiloh, Perry-
ville, Murfreesborough, and through the
Atlanta campaign. In 1866 he became as
sistant editor of the Cleveland Daily
Leader; was soon appointed in the regu
lar army, and made a lieutenant-colonel,
serving as adjutant on the staff of General
Schofield. In 1869 he was appointed the
first governor of the territory of Wy
oming; and reappointed in 1873. He died
July 14, 1880, in Washington, D. C.
CAMPBELL, JOHN ARCHIBALD, law
yer, jurist, was born June 24, 1811, in
Washington, Ga. He was appointed an
associate justice of the supreme court of
the United States, which office he re
signed in 1861, after the commencement of
the rebellion. He was opposed to the se
cession of Alabama, and in 1864 did all in
his power to bring the war to a close.
He died March 12, 1889, in Baltimore, Md.
CAMPBELL, JOHN G., statesman, was
born June 25, 1827, at Glasgow, Scotland.
In 1863 he settled in the territory of Ari
zona; filled various county offices; was a
member of the territorial council in 1868
and 1874; and was elected a delegate from
the territory of Arizona to the forty-sixth
congress.
CAMPBELL, JOHN H., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from 1845 to 1847,
declining the renomination. He died Jan.
19, 1868, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CAMPBELL, JOHN LYLE, educator,
author, was born Dec. 7, 1818, in Rock-
bridge county, Va. He was a professor of
chemistry at Washington and Lee college,
1851-86, and was the author of Manual of
Scientific and Practical Agriculture; Ida
ho, Six Months in the New Gold Diggings;
Guide to the Agricultural and Mineral
West; and Geology and Mineral Re
sources of the James River Valley, Vir
ginia. He died Feb. 2, 1886, in Lexington,
Va.
CAMPBELL, JOHN P., congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was a mem
ber of the state house of representatives
from Christian county, in 1826; and a
representative in congress from Kentucky
to the thirty-fourth congress.
CAMPBELL, JOHN POAGE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1767 in Virginia. He
was a popular clergyman on the Ohio bor
der, and the author of The Passenger;
Strictures on Stone's Letters on the
Atonement; Vindex; Letters to the Rev.
Mr. Craighead; The Pelagian Defeated;
and An Answer to Jones. He died Nov. 4,
1814, in Chillicothe, Ohio.
CAMPBELL, JOHN PRESTON, lawyer,
author, poet, was born April 8, 1847, in
Boston, Mass. He attended the South
Medfield and Wai-
pole high schools,
Massachusetts; and
the Cornell college
of Mount Vernon,
Iowa. He served as
a union soldier dur
ing the civil war
. in battery H, first
*-- i Rhode Island light
^^H^- I artillery; was cor-
I poral, and subse-
I quently brevetted
sergeant, for bravery
in battle. He was in the battles of the
Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Petersburgh,
Chantilla, and Sailors' Creek. He was
in the army of the Potomac, and was
wounded three times. He is the author of
the following novels: Merl of Medavon;
My Mate Immortal; The Woman of Chalk;
and others. He is also author of the fol
lowing poetical works: Queen Sylvia;
The Summerless Sea; Republica; and The
Land of Sun and Song. For many years
he conducted a successful law business in
Abilene, Kan.; and now devotes his time
to literature in Washington, D. C.
CAMPBELL, JOHN TYLER, soldier,
lawyer, orator, author, was born Sept. 9,
1843, in Bowling Green, Mo. He was edu
cated in the common
schools, and at the
McGee college; and
taught school. In
1861 he entered the
union army and at
tained the rank of
captain in the thir
ty-second regiment
Missouri volunteer
infantry. After the
war he was elected
prosecuting attor
ney; and in 1870 was
corporation attorney of Kansas City, Mo.
Since 1874 he has practiced law in Santa
Rosa, Cal.; and has served two sessions
in the California state legislature, once as
speaker of the house. He was appointed
consul of the United States to New Zea
land, and again appointed consul to China.
He was president of the board of free
holders appointed to frame a charter for
Santa Rosa. He stands high in Masonic
circles. He has traveled extensively in
China, Japan, and the south seas; has
written and published numerous short
stories; and delivered orations and public
lectures.
190
HERRINGSHA\V'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CAMPBELL, JOHN WILSON, jurist,
congressman, was born Feb. 23, 1782, in
Augusta county, Va. He was a represen
tative in congress from Ohio from 1817 to
1827; and was United States judge for the
district of Ohio. He died Sept. 24, 1833,
in Delaware, Ohio.
CAMPBELL, JOSIAH A. P., lawyer,
state legislator, jurist, author, was born
March 2, 1830, in South Carolina. He has
been a member of the Mississippi legisla
ture and speaker of the house; circuit
judge, supreme judge for eighteen years,
and chief justice. He has been in the
confederate service as a captain, lieuten
ant-colonel, and colonel. He is the au
thor of the Mississippi Revised Code of
1880, which emancipated married women
from the disabilities of coverture.
CAMPBELL, LEWIS D., was born Aug.
9, 1811, in Franklin, Ohio. He was elected
a member of congress from Ohio in 1848,
and was re-elected to each successive con
gress, down to the thirty-fifth, when his
seat was contested, and the house of rep
resentatives decided against his claim.
In 1865 he was appointed minister to Mex
ico. He was subsequently elected to the
forty-second congress. He died Nov. 26,
1882.
CAMPBELL, REMER CAIN, lawyer,
was born Nov. 8, 1860, in Marlinsville, N.
J. He attended the grammar school of
Somerville, N. J.; and received an aca
demical course of education. He was ad
mitted to the bar in 1885, and began the
practice of law in Hamburg, Iowa; where
he has served as city attorney, and attor
ney of his county. He is a member of the
board of education; and takes a promi
nent part in the public affairs of his
county and state.
CAMPBELL, RICHARD, soldier, was
born in Virginia. He was commissioned
captain in 1776, and subsequently major,
was promoted lieutenant-colonel, and
commanded a Virginia regiment at Guil-
ford, Hobkirk's Hill, Ninety-Six, and
Eutaw Springs, where he was mortally
wounded while leading the charge that
drove the British from the field. He died
Sept. 8, 1781, in Eutaw Springs, S. C.
CAMPBELL, ROBERT, soldier, jurist,
was born in 1755 in Virginia. He dis
played great bravery in many conflicts
with the Cherokees, and commanded a
regiment at the battle of King's Mountain,
in 1780. He was nearly forty years a
magistrate of Washington county, Va.,
and in 1825 emigrated to Tennessee. He
died February, 1832, near Knoxville, Tenn.
CAMPBELL, ROBERT B., congress
man, was born in South Carolina. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1823 to 1825, and
again from 1835 to 1837.
CAMPBELL, SAMUEL, state legislator,
congressman, was born In Mansfield,
Conn. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1821 to 1823;
and previously had served five years in
the assembly of that state.
CAMPBELL, SAMUEL L., educator,
college president. He was second presi
dent of Washington and Lee university.
CAMPBELL, THOMAS BLAKE, archi
tect, manufacturer, inventor, was born
June 8, 1854, in Fayetteville, N. Y. He
was the builder of the Memorial chapel,
Franklin hall, Morse hall, Armory hall,
and other buildings of the Cornell univer
sity. In 1889 he discovered a valuable
deposit of clay in Tompkins county, N. Y.,
suitable for the manufacture of white and
buff pressed brick and terra cotta; built
extensive works for its manufacture; and
has invented numerous devices to expe
dite the work of manufacture.
CAMPBELL, THOMAS F., congress
man, was born in South Carolina. He
was a representative in congress from that
state from 1«34 to 1835.
CAMPBELL, THOMAS J., congress
man, was born in Tennessee. He was a
member of congress from that state from
1841 to 1843; and was a presidential elec
tor in 1837 and 1841. He died April 13,
1850, in Washington, D. C.
CAMPBELL, THOMAS J., educator, col
lege president, WETS born April 29, 1848,
in New York city. In 1885 he was ap
pointed rector of St. John's college; and
in 1886 was chosen the thirteenth presi
dent of St. John's college of Fordham,
N. Y.
CAMPBELL, THOMPSON, congress
man, was born in Pennsylvania. He was
a representative in congress from Illinois,
from 1851 to 1853. He died Dec. 7, 1868,
in California.
CAMPBELL, TIMOTHY J., congress
man, was born in 1840 in Ireland. He was
a member of the New York assembly in
1860-75; and was afterwards elected jus
tice of the fifth district civil court in
New York city; and served six years in
that capacity. In 1883 he was returned to
the state assembly; and was nominated
for state senator and elected. In 1885 he
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-ninth congress, to fill a
vacancy; and was elected to the fiftieth,
fifty-first and fifty-second congresses as a
democrat.
CAMPBELL, WILLIAM, soldier, legis
lator, was born in 1745 in Augusta county,
Va. In 1781 he was appointed brigadier-
general in the revolutionary war; and in
1780 was elected a member of the Virginia
state legislature. He died Aug. 22, 1781,
in Rocky Mills, Va.
CAMPBELL, WILLIAM BOWEN, sol
dier, congressman, governor, was born
Feb. 1, 1807, in Sumner county, Tenn.
He was chosen attorney-general for the
fourth district; was elected to the Ten
nessee legislature in 1835; and raised a
company and served as captain in the
Creek and Florida wars of 1836. He was
a representative in congress from Tennes
see from 1837 to 1843; in 1844 was elected
major-general of militia, and was colonel
of the first regiment of Tennessee volun
teers in the Mexican war. From 1850 to
1853 he was governor of Tennessee, and
in 1857 was chosen, by a unanimous vote
of the legislature, judge of the circuit
court of Tennessee. In 1862 he was ap
pointed a brigadier-general in the union
army. He was again elected a representa
tive to the thirty-ninth congress. He
died Aug. 19, 1867, in Lebanon, Tenn.
CAMPBELL, WILLIAM HENRY, cler
gyman, college president, author, was
born Sept. 14, 1808, in Baltimore, Md. He
was a Dutch Reformed clergyman, presi
dent of Rutgers college, 1863-82. He was
the author of Subjects and Modes of Bap
tism; Influence of Christianity in Civil
and Religious Liberty; and System of
Catechetical Instruction. He died Dec. 7,
1890, in New Brunswick, N. J.
CAMPBELL, WILLIAM M., farmer, sol
dier, state legislator, was born Sept. 17,
1845, in Shelby county, Ind. He served
three years as a soldier during the civil
war in the seventh Indiana infantry and
was severely wounded several times. He
participated in the battles of Fredericks-
burg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and the
Wilderness, and was twice made a pris
oner of war. In 1888 he was elected a
member of the Kansas legislature on the
labor ticket; in 1890 on the Alliance
ticket, and in 1892 and in 1894 on the
populist ticket.
CAMPBELL, WILLIAM W., jurist, con
gressman, author, was born June 10, 1806,
in Cherry Valley, N. Y. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New York from
1845 to 1847; was later appointed a.
justice of the superior court of New York
city, and served seven years; and was
subsequently elected a judge of the su
preme court of the state. He was the au
thor of Annals of Tryon County, reissued
as Border Warfare; Memoirs of Mrs.
Grant, Missionary to Persia; Life and
Writings of De Witt Clinton; and
Sketches of Robin Hood and Captain
Kidd. He died Sept. 7, 1881, in Cherry
Valley, N. Y.
CAMPLIN, MEREDETH B., lawyer, was
born March 3, 1859, in Davies county, Mo.
For three years he was city attorney of
Douglas, Wyo., and for six years of New-
Castle; and for two years was prosecut
ing attorney of Weston county, Wyo. For
two terms he has served his city as
mayor; and in 1894 was the republican
candidate for district judge. He Is a,
noted criminal lawyer, and holds a high,
position in the public affairs of Wyoming.
CANADA, LUCIUS TULLIUS MAR-
CELLUS, lawyer, legislator, was bora
July 12, 1859, in Fayette county, Tenn.
He attended the southwestern Baptist
university of Jackson, Tenn., from which,
institution he received the degree of A.
M. In 1887 he graduated in law from the
Cumberland Presbyterian university of
Lebanon, Tenn. He has been professor of
mathematics and Greek in several large
institutions; and since 1887 has success
fully practiced law in Memphis, Tenn.
In 1894 he was elected a state senator in
the Tennessee legislature; and received
the re-election in 1896.
CANBY, EDWARD RICHARD
SPRIGGS, soldier, was born in 1819 in
Kentucky. He served in the Mexican
war; and during the civil war was pro
moted to brigadier-general. He was
killed April 11, 1873, in Siskiyou county,
Cal.
CANBY, RICHARD S., congressman,
was born in Ohio. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1847
to 1849.
GANDERS, ALBERT C., merchant, leg
islator, was born June 19, 1845, in New
port, R. I. He is a successful merchant of
Newport, R. I.; and since 1873 has served
as chairman of the republican city com
mittee; and as a member of the state cen
tral committee since 1882. During 1881-
82 he served with distinction in the Rhode
Island state legislature; and in 1883-84
was appointed on Governor Bourne's per
sonal staff. In 1892 he was elected state
auditor and insurance commissioner for
the state of Rhode Island.
CANDLER, ALLEN D., soldier, edu
cator, college president, state senator,
congressman, was born Nov. 4, 1834, in
Lumpkin county, Ga. He entered the
confederate army as a private, and rose,
through the intermediate grades, to the
colonelcy of his regiment. He was presi
dent of Baily institute of Griffin, Ga., from
1866 to 1870. He was a member of the
state house of representatives from 1872
to 1878; state senator from 1878 to 1880;
and was elected a representative from
Georgia to the forty-eighth, forty-ninth
and fiftieth congresses as a democrat.
CANDLER, ASA GRIGGS, druggist,
was born Dec. 30, 1851, in Villa Rica, Ga.
In 1888 he entered upon a course of med
ical manufacturing in Atlanta, Ga. He
conceived the idea of having experts make
a summer beverage that was healthful
and stimulating, and the result was the
universally popular Coca Cola.
HB:RRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
191
CANDLER, JOHN W., merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 10,
1828, in Boston, Mass. He was engaged
in merchandising and maritime transpor
tation, and was a representative in the
state legislature in 1866. He was president
of the board of trade and of the Com
mercial club of Boston, and was eleeted
a representative from Massachusetts to
the forty-seventh congress, and subse
quently to the fifty-first congress.
CANDLER, MILTON A., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 11,
1837, in Campbell county, Ga. He was a
member of the state legislature from 1861
to 1863, and of the state constitutional
convention in 1865. He was elected to the
state senate in 1868 for four years; and
was elected a representative from Georgia
to the forty-fourth and forty-fifth con
gresses.
CANDLER, WARREN A., educator, col
lege president, was born Aug. 23, 1857, in
Carroll county, Ga. In 1886 he was elected
assistant editor of the Nashville Christian
Advocate, and in 1888 was elected presi
dent of Emory college, being the youngest
president ever elected to an American col
lege.
CANFIELD, JAMES H., college presi
dent, was born March 18, 1847, in Dela
ware, Ohio. In 1877 he was called to the
state university of Kansas and remained
there as professor of English literature
and history; then of history and political
science, and lastly of American history
and civics; until 1891, when he became
chancellor of the university of Nebraska.
He resigned in 1895 to become president
of Ohio state university.
CANFIELD, JOHN, railroad president,
was born May 17, 1830, in Berkshire coun
ty, Mass. Since 1892 he has been president
of the Manistee and Grand Rapids rail
way.
CANN, JAMES FERRIS, lawyer, was
born Dec. 11, 1868, in Savannah, Ga. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the public schools of Savannah, at
tended the Georgia Military academy,
and graduated in law from the university
of Virginia. He has attained prominence
as an able lawyer of his native city,
where he is president of the Citizens'
club, secretary of the Savannah volun
teer guards, and first lieutenant of com
pany C of that command. He is a prom
inent member of the Knights of Pythias
and other fraternal bodies.
CANNON, CHARLES JAMES, author,
poet, was born Nov. 4, 1800, in New York
city. Besides compiling a series of read
ers he published, among other works,
Poems, Dramatic and Miscellaneous; Pen-
cillings from the Web of Life, and a num
ber of dramas now forgotten. He died
Nov. 9, 1860, in New York city.
CANNON, CHARLES WESLEY, pio
neer, capitalist, was born July 1, 1836, in
Cleveland, Ohio. He is the largest tax
payer in Helena, Mont.; and is a leading
spirit in gas, electric light and street
railroad companies, and president of sev
eral of them. He is also vice-president
of The Montana Central railway; and
proprietor of a ranch of 3,000 acres,
stocked with cattle, horses and sheep.
CANNON, FRANK J., journalist, United
States senator, was born Jan. 25, 1859, at
Salt Lake City, Utah. He is a printer and
newspaper writer. He was a delegate to
the republican national convention at
Minneapolis in 1892; was defeated for
delegate to congress in 1892; and was
elected delegate to congress in 1894; was
elected to the United States senate Jan.
22, 1896.
CANNON, GEORGE Q., journalist, state
legislator, congressman, was born Jan. 11,
1827, in England. He was elected a mem
ber of the legislative council of Utah in
1865, 1866, 1869, and the three succeed
ing years. In 1865 he was elected a re
gent of the Deseret universuy. At a con
stitutional convention held at Salt Lake
City in 1872 he was elected a delegate to
present the constitution and memorial to
congress for the admission of the terri
tory into the union as a state; and was
elected delegate from Utah to the forty-
third, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth,
and forty-seventh congresses.
CANNON, HENRY W., banker, was
born in 1850, in Delhi, N. Y. He organ
ized the Lumberman's National bank, of
which he was made cashier. He was also
secretary of the chamber of commerce of
Stillwater; and secretary, treasurer and
general manager of the water and gas
companies of the city. In 1884 he was ap
pointed comptroller of the currency in
the United States treasury at Washing
ton; and resigned in 1886 to accept the
position of vice-president of the National
Bank of the Republic of New York city.
CANNON, JAMES SPENCER, educator,
clergyman, lecturer, was born in 1776, in
West Indies. He was a Dutch reformed
clergyman of New Jersey; and was pro
fessor of metaphysics at Rutgers college,
1826-56. He is the author of Lectures on
Chronology; and Lectures on Pastoral
Theology. He died in 1852.
CANNON, JOSEPH G., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 7, 1836, in Gull-
ford, N. C. He was state's attorney in
Illinois from 1861 to 1868; and was
elected to the forty-third, forty-fourth,
forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-
first, fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth,
and fifty-fifth congresses as a republican.
CANNON, MARION, congressman, was
born Oct. 30, 1834, in Morgantown, W. Va.
He was elected county recorder of Nevada
^^^^^^^^^^^ county in 1869, and
| served two years.
I When the Farmers'
Alliance was intro
duced into California
joined that order;
and was unanimous
ly elected its first
state president in
1890. He organized
the people's party of
California in 1891;
was chosen a repre
sentative to the su
preme council at Indianapolis in 1891;
was selected by that body to represent
California in the industrial conference at
St. Louis in 1892, and was chosen tem
porary chairman over that body; and was
selected chairman of the California dele
gation to the national convention of the
people's party at Omahp. in 1832. He was
elected to the fifty-third congress.
CANNON, NEWTON, congressman,
governor, was born about 1781, in Guil-
ford county, N. C. He was a representa
tive in congress from Tennessee from
1814 to 1817, and again from 1819 to 1823.
He was governor of Tennessee from 1835
to 1839. He died Sept. 29, 1842, in Har-
peth, Tenn.
CANNON, WILLIAM, state legislator,
governor, was born in 1809, in Bridge-
ville, Del. He was for some years in the
state legislature of Delaware; and was
state treasurer and member of the peace
congress of 1861. He was governor of
Delaware from 1864 to 1865. He died
March 1, 1865, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CANON, JOHN W., educator, was born
Feb. 11, 1844, in Mercer county, Pa. He
graduated from the state normal school
of Edinboro, Pa., and there taught for
several years. He has been principal of
the high schools of Franklin, Pa., and is
now superintendent of public schools in
Sharon, Pa.
CANT, WILLIAM A., lawyer, state
legislator, jurist, was born Dec. 23, 1863,
in Westfield, Wis. In 1885 he graduated
from the law department of the univer
sity of Michigan; and since 1886 has
practiced his profession in Duluth, Minn.
In 1894 he was elected a member of the
Minnesota house of representatives; was
city attorney of Duluth in 1895; and was
elected for a term of six years from 1896
a judge of the district court of Minne
sota.
CANTINE, JOHN, congressman. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the eighth congress, but resigned
soon after taking his seat.
CAPEHART, JAMES, congressman,
was born March 7, 1847, in Mason coun
ty, Va. He was president of the county
court of Mason county, which position he
held in 1871-72, and from 1880 to 1885. He
was a delegate to the national democratic
convention in 1888; and was elected to
the fifty-second and fifty-third congresses
as a democrat.
CAPEN, ELMER HEWITT, clergyman,
college president, was born April 5, 1838,
in Stoughton, Mass. He was a member of
the Massachusetts legislature when only
twenty-one years of age. He was or
dained to the ministry in 1865; and has
filled important pastorates in St. Paul,
Minn., and Providence, R. I. Since 1875
he has been president of Tufts college.
CAPEN, FRANCIS L., meteorologist,
was born March 17, 1817, in Sterling,
Mass. He made many astronomical dis
coveries and remarkable weather predic
tions, the latter gaining for him promi
nence on both sides of the Atlantic. He
died July 31, 1889.
CAPEN, JAMES A., poet, was born Jan.
3, 1840, in Boston, Mass. In 1861 he
moved from his eastern home to the
Rocky mountains in
Colorado, and subse
quently secured a
position in the
United States mail
service, running be
tween Denver and
Leavenworth, Kan.
He served through
the war, enlisting in
the seventh Kansas
volunteer cavalry,
and serving as a
volunteer soldier
four years and four days. He then settled
in Missouri, where he still resides, in
Sedalia. He has taught school for twenty
years; and is now serving as quarter
master of Gen. George R. Smith Post No.
53, Department of Missouri, G. A. R.; and
is assessor of his county. He is the au
thor of some very fine poems; and as an
elocutionist he has become well known in
his adopted state.
CAPEN, NAHUM, journalist, author,
was born April 1, 1804, in Canton, Mass.
He was a Boston publisher who was post
master in 1857-61, and introduced the cus
tom of street letter-box collections. He
was the author of The Republic of the
United States; Reminiscences of Spurz-
heim and Combe; and History of Dem
ocracy, or Political Progress Historically
Illustrated. He died in 1886, in Dorches
ter, Mass.
192
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMKRICAX BIOGRAPHY.
CAPERS, ELLISON, bishop of South
Carolina, was horn Oct. 14, 1837, in Char
leston, S. C. He served throughout the
war in the confederate service; and was
three times severely wounded: and was
promoted colonel and brigadier-general.
He was elected secretary of state in 1866.
CAPERS, WILLIAM, bishop, author,
was born Jan. 26, 1790, in St. Thomas
parish, S. C. He was a methodist bishop
once prominent in the south; and is the
author of Cathechisms for Negro Miss
ions; and Short Sermons and True Tales
for Children. He died Jan. 29, 1855, in
Anderson, S. C.
CAPERTON, ALLEN TAYLOR, state
legislator, congressman, state senator,
was born Nov. 21, 1810, in Union, Va. He
served in the legislature of Virginia a
number of years; in 1861 was a member
of the state convention to consider the
impending troubles, and took the side of
the union, but when the state went out
of the union he sided with the south. In
1863 he was elected to the confederate
senate; was pardoned by President John
son after the war; and in 1875 was elected
a senator in congress from West Virginia.
He died July 25, 1876, in Washington,
D. C.
CAPERTON, HUGH, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1780, in Vir
ginia. He was for many years a member
of the state legislature; and was a rep
resentative in congress from the Green-
brier region of Virginia from 1813 to 1815.
He died Feb. 9, 1847, in Monroe county,
Va.
CAPPELLER, WILLIAM S., public of
ficial, journalist, was born Feb. 23, 1839,
in Somerset, Pa. During 1877-83 he was
county auditor of
Cincinnati, Ohio;
and commissioner of
railroads and tele
graphs of Ohio in
1887-89. He was
grand master of the
Independent Order
of Odd Fellows of
Ohio in 1879-80; and
in 1885 he estab
lished The Daily
News of Mansfield,
which is now one of
the leading newspapers of Ohio. In 1895
he became president of the National Edi
torial association. He is the president
and general manager of the News Print
ing company of Mansfield, Ohio, and takes
an active part in the public affairs of his
city, county and state.
CAPRON, ADIN BALLOU, soldier,
congressman, was born Jan. 9, 1841, in
Mendon, Mass. He enlisted as sergeant
in second Rhode
Island infantry in
1861; promoted to
sergeant-major and
lieutenant, and or
dered on detached
service in the signal
corps in December,
1861. He served in
;"' sisnal corps until
tne close of the war,
having been commis-
sioned first lieuten
ant in the signal
corps. United States army, in 1863, and
receiving promotion to the rank of cap
tain and major by brevet. He was elected
a representative to the general assembly
of Rhode Island in 1887; served during
1888-92; and was speaker in 1891-92. He
subsequently was elected a member of the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
CAPRON, ALLYN K., soldier, was born
in New York. In 1890 he enlisted as a
private soldier in the fourth cavalry; was
appointed second lieutenant of infantry
in 1893; joined Theodore Roosevelt's
rough riders as captain in 1898; and was
killed in battle, near Santiago, Cuba.
CAPRON, HORACE, soldier, agricultur
ist, was born in New York. He was ap
pointed to the charge of a factory in
Maryland. He served in the army during
the rebellion, and 'became a brigadier-
general. In 1868 he was appointed com
missioner of agriculture; and in 1871 was
invited by the Japanese government to
take charge of certain agricultural experi
ments and improvements in Japan, where
he remained four years; returning to the
United States in 1875. He died Feb. 23,
1885.
CARDOZO, ISAAC N., journalist, au
thor, was born June 17, 1786, in Savannah,
Ga. He became editor of the Southern
Patriot in Charleston in 1816, and its sole
proprietor in 1823. He took an active
part in 1823 in the establishment of the
Charleston chamber of commerce. He
sold his paper in 1845, and in the same
year established the Evening News, of
which he became the commercial editor.
He was a contributor to the Southern
Quarterly Review and other periodicals;
and published Notes on Political Econ
omy. He was drowned Aug. 26, 1850, in
James River, Va.
CAREY, ASA B., soldier, was born July
12, 1835, in Windham county, Conn. He
was a cadet in the United States military
academy in 1854; and in 1858 was bre-
vetted lieutenant of the sixth infantry.
United States army. He was constantly
promoted and became lieutenant-colonel
in 1865 for gallant and meritorious ser
vices in the war against the Navajo In
dians; and became paymaster in 1867.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel and
deputy paymaster-general in 1895.
CAREY, DANIEL GRAHAM, physician,
journalist, was born Nov. 22, 1842, near
Middletown, N. Y. He has attained suc
cess as a physician and surgeon, and as
the manufacturer of the Carey proprietary
medicines. In 1883 he established the
Waverly Farmer; and is the author of
Doctor Carey's Guide to Health.
CAREY, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in Charles county, Md. He was a
representative in congress from Georgia
from 1823 to 1827. He died in 1844, in
Upson county, Ga.
CAREY, HENRY CHARLES, econo
mist, author, was born Dec. 15, 1793, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was one of the
foremost of Ameri
can political econo
mists who advocated
protection as a pre
liminary step toward
ultimate free trade.
He opposed such
theorists as Malthus
\ ^tt^fl^L :lni1 Ricardo, holding
that human progress
depends upon suc-
I cess in subjugating
\ nature; that land
values depend upon
labor; and that the social well-being is
directly dependent upon existing condi
tions. He was the author of Principles
of Political Economy; The Credit Sys
tem; The Principles of Social Science;
Lectures on the Currency; Letters on Po
litical Economy; Letters on International
Copyright; Financial Crises; and The
Unity of Law. He died Oct. 13, 1879, In
Philadelphia.
CAREY, HENRY DE WITT, business
man, jurist, was born March 24, 1844,
near Middletown, N. Y. He was a suc
cessful merchant of Middletown, N. Y. ;
for the past quarter of a century has been
the manager of the export department of
the New Home Sewing Machine company
with headquarters at 28 Union square,
New York city. He has always taken an
active interest in democratic politics, and
is a member of the Tammany society and
the Sagamore and Pequod clubs, and of
the American Historical society. For
four years he was a justice of the peace
at City Island, N. Y.; and in 1889-90
was judge of the court of general ses
sions of Westchester county, N. Y. He
is a thirty-third degree member of the
Masonic fraternity; and a member of the
Society of the Sons of the American Rev
olution. Mr. Carey is president of the
Pelham Park Street Railroad company;
president of the Metropolitan dispensary;
president of the board of trustees of the
New York College of Midwifery, and
other institutions.
CAREY, JEREMIAH E., lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 30, 1803, in
Coventry, R. I. He was elected to con
gress from Cherry Valley county in 1842.
CAREY, JOHN, jurist, state legislator,
congressman, was born April 5, 1792, in
Monongahela county, Va. In 1814 he as
sisted in building the first stone house in
Columbus. In 1825 he was elected an asso
ciate judge, which office he held for seven
years. He was elected to the Ohio legisla
ture in 1828, 1836, and 1843; and was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-sixth congress.
CAREY, JOSEPH MAULL, lawyer, leg
islator, and business man, was born July
19, 1845, in Milton, Del. He attended the
Union college of
" Schenectady, N. Y.;
and in 1867 gradu
ated from the law
department of the
.- ."v ^F^L university of Penn-
* \ , _1 sylvania. In 1869 he
was appointed by
President Grant as
United States dis
trict attorney for the
territory of Wyo
ming; and in 1872
he became associate
justice of the supreme court of Wyoming,
which position he filled with distinction
for four years. In 1876 he was appointed
a member of the United States centennial
commission. Judge Carey was among the
first to become interested in the great
industry of cattle-raising on the plains;
and for many years was president of the
Wyoming Stockgrowers association. He
was mayor of Cheyenne during 1880-82;
and was instrumental in having Wyo
ming admitted to the union as a state.
He was a member of the forty-ninth,
fiftieth, and fifty-first congresses; and in
1891 was elected to the United States sen
ate, serving with distinction in that body.
CAREY, JOSHUA MULLOCK, soldier,
physician, legislator, was born June 11,
1834, in Orange county, N. Y. In 1862 he
graduated from the Eclectic Medical in
stitute of Cleveland, Ohio. He served as
a union soldier during the civil war, and
was promoted to captain. He was justice
of the peace for ten years; and in 1883-84
was a member of the house of representa
tives of Pennsylvania. During 1887-93
he practiced medicine in New York city,
when he removed to Elmlra.
HKRRTNGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
193
CAREY, MATTHEW, author, was born
Jan. 28, 1760, in Ireland. He entered into
politics, and established himself in Phila
delphia as a bookseller. His writings in
clude The Olive Branch, or Faults on
Both Sides, Federal and Democratic,
which soon entered a tenth edition; Vin-
<lici£B Hibernicse; Thoughts on Peniten
tiaries and Prison Discipline; Essays on
Political Economy; and The Yellow
Fever of 1793. He died Sept. 16, 1839, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
CARHART, HENRY SMITH, educator,
author, was born March 27, 1844, in Coey-
mans. N. Y. In 1869 he graduated from
the Wesleyan university of Middletown,
Conn. He is the author of Primary Bat
teries; Elements of Physics; Electrical
Measurements; and University Physics.
CARLETON, EZRA C., merchant, con
gressman, was born Sept. 6, 1838, in St.
Clair, Mich. He was engaged in the mer
cantile business at Port Huron, Mich., in
1862; and was elected a representative
from Michigan to the forty-eighth and
forty-ninth congresses as a democrat.
CARLETON, HENRY, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born in 1785, in Vir
ginia. He served as a lieutenant of
infantry under Gen. Jackson in the cam
paign that terminated Jan. 8, 1815, and
then actively engaged in the profession of
law. Soon afterward, in connection with
Mr. L. Moreau, he began the translation
of those portions of Las Siete ^artidas, a
celebrated Spanish code of laws, that were
observed in Louisiana. He became
United States district attorney for the
eastern district of Louisiana in 1832, and
was subsequently appointed a judge of
the supreme court of the same state, but
resigned in 1839 on account of ill health.
He published Liberty and Necessity; and
read an Essay on the Will before the
American Philosophical society a few
days before his death. He died March 28,
1863, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CARLETON, HENRY GUY, journalist,
author, was born in 1856, in New Mexico.
He is a journalist of New York city who is
best known as a writer of plays, among
which are Memnon; The Pembertons; and
Victor Durand.
CARLETON, OSGOOD, mathematician,
author, was born in 1742. He was a
Massachusetts mathematician; and the
author of American Navigator; South
American Pilot; and Practice of Arith
metic. He died in June, 1816, in Litch-
field, N. H.
CARLETON, WILL, author, lecturer
and editor, was born Oct. 21, 1845, in
Hudson, Mich. He received his education
at the Hudson ele
mentary and high
schools, and Hills-
dale college, Michi
gan. After gradua
tion he did news
paper work in Hills-
dale, Detroit and
Chicago — writing lo
cals, sketches, sto
ries, editorials, and
poems. His books
are: Farm Ballads,
Farm Legends,
Farm Festivals; City Ballads, City Le
gends, City Festivals; Rhymes of Our
Planet; and The Old Infant and simi
lar stories. He is also editor of an illus
trated magazine, entitled Everywhere,
published in Brooklyn, N. Y., where he
resides.
13
CARLILE, JOHN SNYDER, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, United
States senator, was born Dec. 16, 1817,
in Winchester, Va. He was elected
to the state senate in 1847; and served
until 1851; and in 1850 was a mem
ber of the constitutional convention
of Virginia. In 1855 he was elected a
representative in congress; in 1861 was
elected a representative from Virginia to
the thirty-seventh congress, and was soon
afterward transferred to the senate. He
died Oct. 24, 1878, in Clarksburg, W. Va.
CARLIN, JOHN, artist, was born June
15, 1813, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was deaf
and dumb from infancy. Among his re
cent contributions to the exhibitions of
the Artists' Fund society are The Village
Gossips; The Admirer of Nature;
The Twin Grandchildren; Old and
Young; Going after Marshmallows;
Solid Comfort; and The Grandfather's
Story. Mr. Carlin has also written some
poetry.
CARLIN,- THOMAS, governor of Illi
nois, was born in 1791, in Kentucky. He
was a pioneer to Illinois in 1813; served
under Gen. Howard in that and the fol
lowing year during the war of 1812-14;
and several times volunteered to perform
most perilous undertakings against the
Indians. He was governor of the state
in 1838-42. He died Feb. 4, 1852.
CARLIN, WILLIAM PASSMORE, sol
dier, was born Nov. 24, 1829, in Rich
Woods, 111. He participated in the march
to the sea and through the Carolinas; and
on March 13, 1865, was brevetted briga
dier-general for services at Bentonville,
N. C., and major-general for services dur
ing the war. From 1867 till 1868 he was
assistant commissioner of the freedmen's
bureau in Tennessee.
CARLISLE, JOHN GRIFFIN, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, United States
senator, was born Sept. 5, 1835, in Ken-
ton, Ky. He was a
member of the state
house of representa
tives in 1859-1861;
was nominated for
presidential elector
on the democratic
ticket in 1864, but
declined; and was
elected to the state
senate in 1866, and
re-elected in 1869.
He was a delegate
at large from Ken
tucky to the national democratic conven
tion at New York in 1868; was nominated
for lieutenant-governor of Kentucky in
1871; resigned his seat in the senate in
1871; and was elected lieutenant-governor
in 1871, serving until 1875. He was alter
nate presidential elector for the state at
large in 1876; was elected to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-
eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, and fifty-first
congresses; was elected speaker in
the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, and fiftieth
congresses; and was elected to the
United States senate May 17, 1890, to fill a
vacancy. He resigned to accept the port
folio of secretary of the treasury in Presi
dent Cleveland's cabinet in 1893, and en
tered upon the duties of the office March
7, 1893, and served until 1897.
CARLL, JOHN FRANKLIN, civil engi
neer, inventor, was born May 7, 1828, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. He devised the static
pressure sand-pump, removable pump-
chamber, and adjustable sleeve for piston-
rods, now used in operating oil-wells. In
1874 he became attached to the geological
survey of Pennsylvania, and afterward
was assistant in the oil and gas region.
CARLTON, ELAM B., lawyer, jurist,
was born April 3, 1864, in South Florida.
For three years he was editor of the Pine
Level Times, and for two years of the
DeSoto County Times. During 1890-92 he
was county attorney; and in 1892-94 was
judge of the county court at Arcadia, Fla.
CARLTON, FRANK H., lawyer, author,
was born Oct. 8, 1849, in Newport, N. H!
He has been editor of the St. Paul Press,
and other publications. In 1881 he was
secretary to Governor John L. Pillsbury;
and now practices law in Minneapolis,
Minn. His poems have appeared in
standard works.
CARLTON, HENRY HULL, soldier,
journalist, lawyer, United States senator!
congressman, was born May 14, 1835, in
Athens, Ga. He was elected a representa
tive to the general assembly of Georgia in
1872, and was successively re-elected till
3877, inclusive, when he declined re-elec
tion. He was state senator in 1884-85, and
president of the senate during that term.
He was editor and proprietor of the Ath
ens Banner until 1880. when he com
menced the practice of law; and was
elected city attorney of Athens. He was
four years in the confederate army, under
General R. E. Lee, holding the rank of
lieutenant, captain, and major of artil
lery. He was elected to the fiftieth and
fifty-first congresses as a democrat.
CARLTON, PETER, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from 1807 to 1809.
CARMACK, E. W., lawyer, journalist,
congressman, was born Nov. 5, 1858, in
Castalian Springs, Tenn. He was elected
to the legislature as a democrat in 1884;
in 1886 joined the editorial staff of the
Nashville American; in 1888 founded the
Nashville Democrat; and afterward be
came editor-in-chief of the Nashville
American newspaper. In 1892 he became
editor of the Memphis Commercial. He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
CARMACK, SAMUEL W., lawyer, jur
ist, was born Jan. 9, 1802, in Davidson
county, Tenn. In 1»42 he was appointed
a territorial judge. He died Dec. 18, 1849.
CARMAN, WILLIAM BLISS, author,
poet, was born in 1861, in Canada. He
is a poet whose literary work has been
done mainly in New York and Boston.
He is the author of Low Tide on Grand
Pre; A Seamark; Behind the Arras;
Songs from Vagabondia; More Songs
from Vagabondia; and Ballaas of Lost
Haven, a Book of the Sea.
CARMICHAEL, DANIEL L., soldier,
educator, lawyer, stock raiser, was born
Nov. 9, 1843, in Wayne county, N. Y. He
received his education in the high schools
and academy of Charlotte and Lansing,
Mich. He served gallantly as a soldier
during the civil war; and subsequently
was engaged in educational work. He
then took up the practice of law, and has
served as prosecuting attorney. He is
prominent in the Order of Foresters;
grand dictator of the Knights of Honor of
Illinois; and commander of the Whittier
post of the Grand Army of the Republic.
CARMICHAEL, HARTLE1, clergyman,
author, was born April 25, 1854, in Dub
lin, Ireland. He has been rector of the
Church of the Ascension in Hamilton,
Canada; and is now rector of the St.
Paul's church of Richmond, Va. He is
the author of several successful novels—
Rooted in Dishonor; and The Centuries
of Castle-Craig. He is also a musical
composer; and is high in the ranks of
Freemasonry.
HERRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CARMICHAEL, RICHARD B., lawyer,
congressman, was born in Maryland. He
was a representative from Maryland in
the twenty-third congress, and was presi
dent of the courts of Queen Anne coun
ty in 1861.
CARMICHAEL, WILLIAM, diplomat,
was born in Maryland. He was a delegate
to the continental congress from 1778 to
1780; was secretary of legation during
Mr. Jay's mission to Spain; and remained
as charge d'affaires after Mr. Jay left in
1782, receiving a commission in 1780, and
retained the office for about fifteen years.
He died in February, 1795.
CARMIENCKE, JOHN HERMANN, ar
tist, was horn in 1810 in Germany. He
was industrious in the pursuit of his art,
and his paintings are faithful delineations
of the forms of nature. He was a very
successful teacher, a member of the Art
association, and one of the earliest and
most active members of the Brooklyn
Academy of Design, and of the Artists'
Fund society of New York. He died June
15, 1867, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
CARNAHAN, JAMES, clergyman, col
lege president, was born Nov. 15, 1775, in
Carlisle, Pa. He was ordained pastor of
the united churches of Whitesborough
and Utica, where he remained until 1814.
He opened a classical academy in George
town, D. C., and taught for nine years,
when he was elected to the presidency of
Princeton college of New Jersey. He died
March 2, 1859, in Newark, N. J.
CARNEGIE, ANDREW, manufacturer,
author, was born Nov. 2, 1835, in Scot
land. He is a noted steel manufacturer
of Pittsburg who came to America in 1845.
He has made many important gifts to his
native Scotland and to Pittsburg, and as
a writer is distinguished for the rather
exuberant Americanism of his work. He
is the author of An American Four-in-
Hand in Europe; Round the World; and
Triumphant Democracy, or Fifty Years'
March of the Republic.
CARNES, THOMAS P., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in Maryland. He
was solicitor-general, attorney-general,
and judge of the supreme court, and was
a representative in congress from Geor
gia from 1793 to 1795. He died May 8,
1822, in Milledgeville, Ga.
CARNEY, JULIA A., educator, author,
was born April 6, 1823, in Lancaster,
Mass. Her maiden name was Fletcher,
under which name appeared the popular
poem Little Drops of Water. Many of
her poems have been set to music and
published in school text-books, and used
in the hymn-books of churches for more
than half a century.
CARNEY, THOMAS, governor. He was
a governor of Kansas from 1861 to 1864.
CARNOCHAN, JOHN MURRAY, sur
geon, author, was born July 4, 1817, in
Savannah, Ga. He was noted as a sur
geon of distinction; and was the author
of Treatise on Congenital Dislocations,
and Contributions to Operative Surgery.
He died Oct. 28, 1887, in New York city.
CAROW, ISAAC, merchant, was born
March 29, 1778, in the West Indies. He
was a member of the firm of Kennit and
Carow, shipping merchants of New York,
city; and from 1839 until 1842 was pres
ident of the chamber of commerce. He
died Sept. 3, 1850, in New York city.
CARPENDER, EDWARD WILLIAM,
naval officer, was born Jan. 28, 1797, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. He was placed on the
reserved list in 1855, and became com
modore in 1862. During 1864-66 he was
prize commissioner at Key West, Fla. He
died May 16, 1877, in Shrewsbury, N. J.
CARPENTER, AMELIA WALSTEIN,
author, poet, was born Feb. 23, 1840, in
Stephentown, N. Y. She has contributed
to Frank Leslie's periodicals, is a corre
spondent of the Springfield Republican;
editor of the New York Citizen; and as
a poetess and novelist has gained a fa
vorable reputation.
CARPENTER, BENJAMIN, patriot,
was born in 1726 in Rehoboth, Mass. He
was one of the founders of the town of
Guilford in 1770, and served during the
revolutionary war as a field officer. Later
he was a member of the first constitution
al convention of Vermont and also a
member of the council. In 1778 he was
elected lieutenant-governor of the state,
and afterward beeame one of the council
of censors. He died March 29, 1823, in
Guilford, Vt.
CARPENTER, CHARLES KETCHUM,
farmer, state legislator, governor, author,
was born Jan. 23, 1826, in Hornellsvilie,
N. Y. He settled in Michigan in 1837.
In 1858 he was elected to the lower branch
of the legislature. In 1874 he was nomi
nated as governor by the prohibition party
in Michigan; and in 1876 was again nomi
nated for the same office on the first
greenback ticket. He was the author of
several works. He died Aug. 19, 1884,
in Orion, Mich.
CARPENTER, CYRUS CLAY, soldier,
congressman, governor, was born Nov.
24, 1820, in Hartford, Pa. In 1857 he was
elected to the state legislature; in 1861
entered the army, and as brevet colonel
rendered important service during the
war. In 1866 he was elected register of
the state land office at Des Moines, and
was re-elected. In 1871 he was elected
governor of Iowa. He was a state com
missioner of railroads in 1878, and was
elected a representative from Iowa to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses
as a republican.
CARPENTER, DAVIS, soldier, physi
cian, congressman, was born Dec. 25, 1799,
in Walpole, N. H. He attained the posi
tion of colonel of a rifle corps; was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1853 to 1855.
CARPENTER, EDMUND JAMES, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1845 in Massa
chusetts. He is a noted journalist of Bos
ton, and the author of A Woman of
Shawmut, a Romance of Colonial Times;
and History of Roger Williams.
CARPENTER, ELISHA, lawyer, jurist,
was born Jan. 14, 1824, in Ashford, Conn.
In 1845 he was elected judge of probate
court and state's attorney in Windham
county, Conn.; from 1857-58 was a mem
ber of the state senate; 1861 was judge of
the superior court; and in 1866 was judge
of the supreme bench of the state.
CARPENTER, ELLEN M., educator, ar
tist, was born Nov. 28, 1830, in Killingly,
Conn. Much of her time is devoted to
teaching art in Boston. Among her
works are The Yosemite Valley; Temples
of Paestum; Venice, Grand Canal; and
numerous portraits.
CARPENTER, ESTHER BERNON, au
thor, was born in 1848 in Rhode Island.
She was a writer of southern Rhode
Island, whose South Country Neighbors
is a series of sympathetic studies in fic
tion of Rhode Island types of character.
She died in 1893.
CARPENTER, FRANCIS BICKNELL,
painter, author, was born in 1830 in New
York. He is a portrait painter of New
York city, who painted The Emancipation
Proclamation in the Capitol at Washing
ton. He was the author of Six Months
in the White House with Abraham Lin
coln.
CARPENTER, FRANCIS WOOD, mer
chant, manufacturer, was born June 24,
1831, in Seekonk, Mass. He is presi
dent of the Congo and Carpenter com
pany, and also the Rhode Island Perkins
Horseshoe company. He is also president
of the American National bank.
CARPENTER. GEORGE MOULTON,
lawyer, jurist, was born April 22, 1844,
in Portsmouth, R. I. He was appointed
one of a board of commissioners to re
vise the laws of Rhode Island in 1882;
was elected a justice of the supreme
court of the state in 1885; and was ap
pointed United States district judge for
the district of Rhode Island.
CARPENTER, GEORGE W., scientist,
was born July 31, 1802, in Germantown,
Pa. He was a successful merchant in
Philadelphia, and devoted his leisure to
the study of sciences. His opinion on sub
jects in geology was of recognized value.
He accumulated a choice collection of
minerals, and showed considerable inter
est in the medical sciences. He died June
7, 1860, in Germantown, Pa.
CARPENTER, HENRY BERNARD,
clergyman, author, poet, was born in 1840
in Ireland. He was a Unitarian clergy
man of Boston, and brother of W. Boyd
Carpenter, the Anglican bishop of Ri-
pon. He wrote principally in verse, his
only published books including The Oat
meal Crusaders; Liber Amoris, a Metri
cal Romance of the Middle Ages; and
A Poet's Last Songs. He died in 1890.
CARPENTER, LEVI D., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York, from 1843 to 1845, to fill a va
cancy.
CARPENTER, LEWIS CASS, journal
ist, congressman, was born Feb. 20, 1836,
in Putnam, Conn. He was appointed to
a position in the treasury department;
was correspondent for several newspa
pers; assisted . in establishing the first
daily paper in South Carolina, The Char
leston Republican, in 1868, and removed
there in 1870 to become one of its editors.
He established The Daily Union in 1870;
and was elected to the forty-third con
gress to fill a vacancy.
CARPENTER, MATTHEW H., lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, was born
Dec. 22, 1824, in Moretown, Vt. He was
for several years a
district attorney for
the state of Wiscon
sin, and practiced
his profession before
the supreme court of
the United States. He
I was elected a sena-
• tor in congress from
Wisconsin for the
term commencing in
1869 and ending in
1875, serving on the
committees on the
judiciary, patents, and revision of laws;
and also served as president pro tem of
the senate. He was again elected United
States senator in 1878 for the term end
ing in 1885. He died Feb. 24, 1881, in
Washington, D. C.
CARPENTER, MIRO*J J., railroad
president, was born April 12, 1850, in
Caledonia, 111. He is the president of
the Chicago and Eastern Illinois railroad.
CARPENTER, NEWTON FRANCIS,
lawyer, legislator, was born April 27, 1831,
in Rehoboth, Mass. In 1866 he was a
member of the Wisconsin legislature. He
has been a justice of the peace for twen
ty years, and court commissioner four
teen years.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
135
CARPENTER, ROLLA CLINTON, edu
cator, mechanical engineer, author, was
born June 26, 1852, in Orion, Mich. He
received his education at the Michigan
Agricultural college, Michigan university,
and Cornell university. After serving as
a civil engineer on railroad construction
he became professor of civil engineering
and mathematics in the Michigan Agri
cultural college; and afterward professor
of experimental engineering in the Cor
nell university. He has been consulting
engineer for various important electrical
railroads; and has made several import
ant investigations relating to applied me
chanics. He is the author of a work on
Experimental Engineering; one on Heat
ing and Ventilating Buildings; and on
Testing of Materials.
CARPENTER, STEPHEN CUTTER,
journalist, author, was born in England.
He was an English journalist who came
to America in 1803 and settled in Char
leston. He is the author of Memoir of
Thomas Jefferson, containing a Concise
History of the United States; and An
Overlanfl Journey to India. He died
about 1820.
CARPENTER, STEPHEN HASKINS,
educator, author, was born Aug. 7, 1831,
in Little Falls, N. Y. He was a Wiscon
sin educator; and professor of literature
at the university of Wisconsin. He was
the author of Evidences of Christianity;
English of the Fourteenth Century; In
troduction to the Study of Anglo-Saxon;
and Elements of English Analysis. He
died Dec. 7, 1831, in Little Falls, N. Y.
CARPENTER, WILLIAM, author, was
born in 1830 in England. He was an ec
centric English printer and stenograph
er who removed from England to Balti
more in 1879. He strenuously advocated
the theory that the earth is flat, re
volving on a central axis with the sun
stationary over the center. Among his
various writings are: The Earth Not a
Globe, by Common Sense; Sir Isaac New
ton's Theoretical Astronomy Examined
and Refuted by Common Sense; Water
not Convex; Proctor's Planet Earth; and
Something About Spiritualism. He died
in 1896.
CARPENTER, WILLIAM H., soldier,
business man, was born July 4, 1844, in
Luray, Va. He received his education in
the schools of his native city, and at St.
Joseph, Mo. During 1861-65 he served
in the confederate service from private to
captain. He then traveled extensively as
business representative of several large
firms. Since 1889 he has been president of
the Phoenix Loan association of St Jo
seph, Mo.; is prominently connected with
various other business enterprises, and
has taken an active part in the public af
fairs of his county and state.
CARR, ELIAS, farmer, governor, was
born Feb. 25, 1839, in Edgecombe coun
ty, N. C. He completed his education
in the university of
Virginia and North
Carolina. With the
exception of the time
spent in the confed
erate army, his life
has been pre-emi
nently that of the ag
riculturist, managing
his large private in
terests in Edge-
combe, his native
county. He was the
first county presi
dent of the Farmers' Alliance; and for
two terms was president of the State
Alliance. In 1886 he was a delegate from
North Carolina to the farmers' national
convention at St. Paul; and in 1892 was
appointed commissioner to the World's
Fair. In 1892 he was elected governor of
North Carolina by a majority of thirty
thousand, which position he filled with
distinction.
CARR, FRANCIS, congressman, was
born in 1752. He was a member of the
Massachusetts legislature from 1806 to
1811; and was a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts from 1811 to
1813. He died in October, 1821.
CARR, JAMES, congressman. He served
three years in the Massachusetts legis
lature from Bangor, and was a represen
tative in congress from Massachusetts
from 1815 to 1817.
CARR, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Indiana
from 1831 to 1837, and again from 1839
to 1841. He died Jan. 20, 1845, in Clark
county, Ind.
CARR, JOSEPH B., soldier, was born
Aug. 16, 1826, in Albany, N. Y. When
the civil war broke out he was made
lieutenant-colonel, and then colonel of the
second New York volunteers. In 1865 he
was brevetted major-general, and in 1893
appointed major-general.
CARR, JOSEPH M., clergyman, was
born March 9, 1836, in Damascus, Ohio.
In 1854 he entered Mount Union college,
and graduated therefrom in 1859. The
same year he entered the Pittsburg con
ference, and since 1880 has been a mem
ber of the East Ohio conference of the
methodist episcopal church. He secured
one hundred thousand dollars for the
Mount Union college, together with very
valuable grounds and the president's resi
dence. He was chairman of the East
Ohio delegation, and of the general mis
sionary committee of the fourth general
conference district; is a trustee of Mount
Union college; president of the board of
trustees of the East Ohio conference; sec
retary of the Ministerial Relief associa
tion of Pittsburg and East Ohio confer
ences; and has filled numerous other po
sitions in his church. He is now pastor
of the Miles Park Avenue church, of
Cleveland, Ohio. He is a descendant of
Gov. Caleb Carr, whose ancestors came to
America in 1635.
CARR, JULIAN SHAKESPEARE, man
ufacturer, banker, philanthropist, was
born Oct. 12, 1845, in Chapel Hill, N. C.
He graduated from
the university of
M^^^^j^ North Carolina, of
which institution lie
is a member of the
executive committee
of the board of trus
tees. He is also a
member of the board
of trustees of Trin
ity college; and a
member of the board
of directors of the
Oxford asylum. In
1883-91 he was a delegate from the state
at large to the democratic national con
ventions. He was a delegate to the
Ecumenical conference of the Methodism
of the World, held in London; and a dele
gate to the Robert Raikes centennial. Mr.
Carr is the president of the following
companies: Blackwell's Durham Tobac
co company; First National bank of Dur
ham; Golden Belt Manufacturing com
pany; and the Greensboro Female College
association. He served in the confed
erate army in Barringer's brigade, Hamp
ton's corps, in the army of Northern Vir
ginia.
CARR, LUCIEN, archaeologist, author,
was born in 1829, in Missouri. He is an
archaeologist of Cambridge, and was cur
ator of the Peabody museum from 1876 to
1894. He is the author of The Mounds
of the Mississippi Valley Historically Con
sidered; Missouri, a brief History of the
State; and Prehistoric Remains of Ken
tucky.
CARR, NATHAN T., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 25, 1833, in
Steuben county, N. Y. In 1858 he was
elected a representative in the Michigan
state legislature. He entered the union
army in 1861 as first lieutenant. In 1863
he moved to Indiana; and was subse
quently elected a representative from that
state to the forty-fourth congress to fill
a vacancy.
CARR, ROBERT V., journalist, poet,
was born July 15, 1877, in Chenoa, 111.
He received his education at the South
Dakota School of Mines. He learned the
printing business, and is a successful
journalist of Rapid City, S. D. He is the
author of numerous poems of merit, and
is familiarly known as the Black Hills
Poet.
CARR, WILLIAM BROWN, educator,
college president, author, was born Feb. 4,
1820, in Leesburg, Va. For over half a cen
tury, 1841-92, Prof. Carr has been en
gaged in educational work as professor
and president in various schools and col
leges, including Warren Green academy,
Va.; New Lisbon institute, Va.; Madi
son Female college, Ga.; Wesleyan Fe
male college, N. C.; Randolph Macon col
lege, Va.; and president of Petersburg
Female college. He is the author of Carr's
Plan with English Syntax; The Genealo
gy of the Carrs; and other works.
CARRELL, GEORGE ALOYSIUS, Ro
man catholic bishop, was born in 1803 in
Philadelphia, Pa. He performed mission
ary duty in Pennsylvania, New Jersey
and Delaware, and founded an academy
for young ladies. Between 1851 and 1853
he was president of the Purcell Mansion
college, Cincinnati. On the erection of
the eastern portion of Kentucky into the
see of Covington in 1853, Dr. Carrell was
made bishop. He died in 1868 in Coving-
ton, Ky.
CARRIER, AUGUSTUS STILES, educa
tor, author, was born in 1857 in New
York. He is a presbyterian clergyman of
Chicago; and professor of Hebrew in Mc-
Cormick Theological seminary from 1892.
He is the author of The Hebrew Verb, a
Series of Tabular Studies.
CARRIGAIN, PHILIP, lawyer, was born
Feb. 20, 1772, in Concord, N. H. He was
secretary of state of New Hampshire four
years, and also clerk of the senate. He
surveyed a great part of the state, of
which he published an excellent map, in
1816, and was the first to apply to New
Hampshire the name of the granite state.
He died March 16, 1842, in Concord, N. H.
CARRINGTON, EDWARD, soldier, con
gressman, was born Feb. 11, 1749, in
Charlotte county, Va. He was an efficient
officer during the revolution; was for
some time quartermaster-general of the
army under Gen. Greene, in the south,
and greatly contributed to the advan
tage gained over the enemy. He was
afterward attached to the army of the
north, but previous to the evacuation
of Charleston resumed his former sta
tion. He was a delegate to the conti
nental congress from Virginia from 1785
to 1786; and was foreman of the jury
which tried Aaron Burr for treason. He
died Oct. 28, 1810, in Richmond, Va.
196
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CARRINGTON, HENRY BEEBE, gen
eral, author, was born March 2, 1824, in
Wallingford, Conn. He is a general in the
United States army living in Boston.
His principal writings include Crisis
Thoughts; Battles of the American Revo
lution; Apsavaka, or Indian Operations on
the Plains; Hints to Soldiers Taking the
Field; and The Washington Obelisk and
its Voices.
CARRINGTON, PAUL, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1764. He became a
lawyer, and served in both houses of the
legislature and afterward on the bench of
the superior court. He died Jan. 8, 1816.
CARROL, JOHN, bishop, author, was
born in 1735 in Maryland. He was the
first Roman catholic archbishop of Bal
timore. His writings are mainly of a con
troversial cast. He is the author of Con
cise View of the Principal Points of Con
troversy between the Protestant and
Catholic Churches; and Discourse on Gen
eral Washington. He died in 1817 in
Georgetown, D. C.
CARROLL, ALFRED L., physician, au
thor, was born Aug. 4, 1833, in New York
city. He has been for many years prom
inently identified with the state health or
ganization. He organized the first state
board of health in the state at Staten Is
land in 1872, and at New Brighton in
1880. He is the author of Relation of Hy
giene to Therapeutics and Question of
Quarantine.
CARROLL, ANNA ELLA, military ge
nius, author, was born Aug. 29, 1815, in
Somerset county, Md. She was sent by
President Lincoln to St. Louis to en
deavor to form an opinion of the prob
able success or failure of a most import
ant expedition preparing to descend the
Mississippi by means of gunboats. She
reported the Mississippi as frowning
with fortifications and tides as unfavor
able. She recommended the use of the
Tennessee river as the true strategic line.
In furtherance of this secret plan the
western armies, to the amazement of the
confederacy, were suddenly transferred
from the Mississippi up to the Tennessee
river. The most brilliant result followed.
Fort Henry fell, Fort Donaldson was tak
en, the confederacy was divided, and the
rebel armies cut off from their source of
supplies. She was the author of The
Great American Battle, or The Contest
between Christianity and Political Ro
manism; The Star of the West, or Na
tional Men and National Measures; The
Union of the States; The War Powers of
the General Government; and The Rela
tion of the National Government to the
Revolted Citizens Defined. She died in
1894.
CARROLL, CHARLES, of Carrollton,
signer of the declaration of independence!,
was born Sept. 20, 1737, in Annapolis, Md.
He became known as
an advocate for lib
erty, and was one of
the ablest political
writers of Maryland;
and in 1776 was
elected a delegate to
the old congress, and
subscribed his name
to the declaration of
independence. At the
time of his death he
was the last surviv
ing signer of that
document. In 1778 he left congress and
devoted himself to the councils of his na
tive state. In 1789 he was elected a sen
ator to the new congress. He died Feb.
14, 1832, in Baltimore, Md.
CARROLL, CHARLES H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1794 in Maryland.
He was a member of the assembly of the
state in 1836; a state senator in 1837; and
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1843 to 1847. He died in
1865 in Groveland, N. Y.
CARROLL, DANIEL, congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was a delegate from
Maryland to the continental congress
from 1780 to 1784; signed the articles
of confederation and also the constitu
tion, and was a representative in con
gress from Maryland from 1789 to 1791.
He died in 1829.
CARROLL, DAVID L., clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born May 10,
1787, in Fayette county, Pa. In 1829 he
was installed pastor of the First Presby
terian church of Brooklyn, L. I.; and
in 1835 he was elected the ninth presi
dent of Hampden Sidney college. He is
the author of The Ministerial Officer, and
other works. He died Nov. 23, 1851.
CARROLL, DAVID WILLIAMSON,
lawyer, jurist, was born March 11, 1816,
in Baltimore, Md. In 1850 he was elected
to the Arkansas legislature; in 1860 was
elected prosecuting attorney; in 1861-
62 he served in the civil war, and at
tained the rank of colonel. In 1864 he was
elected to the lower house of the confed
erate congress; in 1866 was elected judge
of Jefferson county; .and in 1878 was
elected chancellor of Pulaski chancery
court at Little Rock, Ark.
CARROLL, HENRY KING, clergyman,
author, was born in 1847 in New Jersey.
He is a methodist clergyman and relig
ious statistician; and the author of The
World of Missions; The Catholic Dogma
of Church Authority; and The Religious
Forces of the United States.
CARROLL, HOWARD, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1854 in Albany, N. Y.
He was a subordinate reporter on the New
York Times, but rapidly developed so
marked a talent for journalism that he
was promoted to the position of traveling
correspondent of that journal. He is the
author of A Mississippi Incident and
Twelve Americans.
CARROLL, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state 1'rom 1830
to 1841.
CARROLL, JAMES, lawyer, was born
Feb. 26, 1856, in Washington county, Pa.
In laoO he graduated from Penn college
of Oskaloosa, Iowa, and three years later
was admitted to the bar. He has attained
success in the profession of law at Oska
loosa, Iowa; was elected county attorney
in 1892 for two years; and received the
re-election to the same office in 1897.
CARROLL, JOHN JOSEPH, clergyman,
scholar, was born June 24, 1856, in Ire
land. He was made an assistant at th?
Cathedral of the Holy Name, and by his
zeal and proficiency was soon made pastor
of St. Thomas parish, which has grown to
be one of the most wealthy and popu
lous of Chicago. He is one of the most
renowned Gaelic scholars in the world.
CARROLL, JOHN LEE, state senator,
governor, was born in 1830 in Baltimore,
Md. He was elected to the state senate
in 1867, and again in 1871. In 1875 he
was elected governor of Maryland; the
year that he entered upon his duties as
such was the one hundredth after the data
that his grandfather signed the declara
tion of independence.
CARROLL, JOHN M., lawyer, congress
man, was born April 27, 1825, in Spring
field, N. Y. He received an academic
education ; graduat
ed at Union college,
Schenectady, in 1846;
studied law, and
came to the bar in
3848. He was elect
ed district attorney
of Fulton county in
1859, and held that
office three years;
and was elected to
the forty-second con
gress as a democrat.
He has also attained
prominence as one of the foremost law
yers in the state of New York at Johns
town.
CARROLL, SAMUEL SPRIGG, soldier,
was born Sept. 21, 1832, in Washington.
D. C. In the Pennsylvania campaign he
was present at the battle of Gettysburg,
where he earned the brevet of lieutenant-
colonel. In the battle of the Wilderness he
won the brevet of colonel, and in the en
gagements near Spottsylvania was twice
wounded and disabled for service in the
field during the rest of the war. He was
promoted brigadier-general of volunteers
in 1864, and in 1865 received the
brevet of brigadier-general, United States
army, for gallantry at Spottsylvania, and
that of major-general for services during
the rebellion. In 1867 he became a lieu
tenant-colonel in the regular army. In
3868 he was acting inspector-general of
the division of the Atlantic, and in 1869
retired as major-general for disability
from wounds received in battle. He died
Jan. 29, 1893, in Washington, D. C.
CARROLL, T. K., statesman. He was
elected governor of Maryland in 1830
and 1831.
CARROLL, U. S. G., clergyman, author,
was born May 1, 1864, in Waterloo, Ohio.
He received a thorough education; was
for a time engaged in the mercantile busi
ness; and is now the pastor of a metho
dist episcopal church in Hundred, W. Va.
He is the author of The Christian Respon
sibility of Parents to Their Children, and
contributes extensively to religious litera
ture.
CARROLL, WILLIAM, soldier, govern
or, was born in 1788 in Pittsburg, Pa. His
fitness for military service attracted the
attention of Gen. Jackson, and he made
him captain and brigadier-inspector in his
division of the army in 1813; and
was colonel and inspector-general from
1813 to 1814. He was governor of
Tennessee from 1821 to 1827, and from
1829 to 1835. He died March 22, 1844, in
Nashville, Tenn.
CARROLL, WILLIAM A., state legisla
tor, was born Jan. 1, 1836, in Albany,
N. Y. He has held various positions of
honor in his state, and has served with
distinction as a member of the New York
legislature.
CARROLL, WILLIAM H., soldier, was
born about 1820. He commanded a brig
ade in Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston's con
federate army. The Unionists rose in
scattered bands, but dispersed at the ap
proach of the southern troops. On Nov.
14, 1862, Gen. Carroll, commanding at
Knoxville, proclaimed martial law, but
on the twenty-fourth rescinded the order.
CARROW, HOWARD, lawyer, jurist,
was born May 30, 1861, in Camden, Del.
He was appointed judge of the district
court of Camden in 1891 for a term of five
years. He is president of the West Jersey
democrat league, and solicitor for the
board of trade of Camden.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
197
CARRUTH, JAMES HARRISON, bot
anist, author, was born Feb. 10, 1807, in
Phillipston, Mass. In 1824 he edited the
United States Review at Boston. From
1835 till 1840 he was a member either of
the house or senate of Massachusetts, was
chairman of the legislative committee on
education, and in 1837 drafted the bill
establishing the board of education. He
was the author of Geography of Massa
chusetts, and the Geography of New
Hampshire.
CARRUTH, WILLIAM HERBERT, edu
cator, author, poet, was born in 1859 in
Ossawatomie, Kan. He is a joint author
of the History of Municipal Suffrage in
Kansas, and co-editor of Sunflowers.
CARRUTHERS, WILLIAM ALEXAN
DER, physician, author, was born in 1800
in Virginia. He was a physician of Sa
vannah who wrote a number of romances
now quite forgotten. He was the author
of The Kentuckian in New York; The
Cavaliers of Virginia; Knights of the
Horse Shoe; and Life of Charles Cald-
well. He died about 1850 in Savannah, Ga.
CARRYL, CHARLES EDWARD, broker,
author, was born in 1841 in New York.
He is a broker of New York city, and the
author of the popular juvenile tales, Davy
and the Goblin; and The Admiral's Cara
van.
CARSE, MRS. MATILDA B., temper
ance worker. She was the founder and
president of the Woman's Dormitory as
sociation of the World's Columbian expo
sition. She founded the Woman's Tem
perance Publishing association, and was
one of the leaders in planning and carry
ing out the building of the Woman's
Temperance Temple of Chicago, 111.
CARSON, CHRISTOPHER [KIT CAR
SON], explorer, traveler, guide and trap
per, was born Dec. 24, 1809, in Madison
county, Ky. He rendered important serv
ices as guide to Fremont in his noted
western explorations. Serving in the civil
war, he received the title of brigadier-
general. He died May 23, 1868, in Fort.
Lynn, Colo.
CARSON, GEORGE, lawyer, state sen
ator, jurist, was born Feb. 5, 1841,
in Jennings county, Ind. He served
in the mil war as a soldier; in 1878-80
was a member of the Iowa legislature;
served in the senate in 1884-86; was on
the district bench 1887-91, and in 1896 was
elected mayor of Council Bluffs, Iowa.
CARSON, HAMPTON LAWRENCE,
lawyer, author, was born Feb. 21, 1852,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He is a prominent
lawyer of Philadelphia and the author
of The History of the One Hundredth An
niversary of the Promulgation of the Con
stitution of the United States, and The
History of the Supreme Court of the
United States.
CARSON, JOSEPH, physician, author,
was born in 1808. He was a medical pro
fessor at the university of Pennsylvania;
and the author of Illustrations of Medi
cal Botany; and Lectures on Materia
Medica and Pharmacy. He died in 1876.
CARSON, LUELLA CLAY, educator,
was born March 12, 1856, in Portland,
Ore. Her father was a pioneer of the
state, and for many years a member of
the state senate. Since 1880 she has been
closely identified with the educational
work of Oregon; has been instructor in
the Couch school of Portland; preceptress
of the Pacific university, and since 1888
has filled the chair of English literature
and rhetoric in the State university of
Oregon.
CARSON, SALL1E, poet, was born
March 12, 1847, in Beaver county, Pa.
She is the author of a volume of her select
poems entitled Wayside Flowers.
CARSON, SAMUEL P., congressman,
was born at Pleasant Garden, N. C. For
several years he was a member of the
state legislature; and was a representa
tive in congress from North Carolina from
1825 to 1833. He killed Doctor Robert B.
Vance in a duel in 1827. He died in
November, 1840, in Arkansas.
CARSWELL, FRANKLIN WASHING
TON, merchant, was born Aug. 6, 1860, In
Burke county, Ga. He graduated from
the high schools of Hephzibah, Ga., and
from the university of Georgia. He is a
successful merchant, and prominent in
public affairs of Hephzibah, Ga.
CARTER, CHARLES DAVIS, composer,
was born April 25, 1857, in Brooklyn,
N. Y. He has composed some songs for
chorus and solo; and is the director of-
Pittsburg Female college.
CARTER, CHARLES IGNATIUS
HARDMAN, clergyman, was born in 1803
in Lebanon, Ky. He was stationed at St.
Mary's, Philadelphia, where he built the
Church of the Assumption in 1849, and
also erected a convent and free schools.
He afterward founded a convent and
academy of the Sisters of the Holy Child
Jesus at Sharon Hill. He died in 1879
in Philadelphia, Pa.
CARTER, CHARLES M., lawyer, au
thor. He is a successful lawyer of
Washington, D. C.; and the author of
Political Romance, and other works.
CARTER, EDWARD J., railroad pres
ident, was born Aug. 16, 1859, near Ports
mouth, Ohio. Since 1894 he has been
president of the Suwannee River railway.
CARTER, D. M., artist, was born in
1827 in Ireland. He was one of the orig
inal members of the Artists' Fund society,
established in 1859. About 1850 he paint
ed a series of pictures illustrating Gold
smith's Deserted Village. Among his
most successful works are Decatur's At
tack on Tripoli; and Moll Pitcher at the
Battle of Monmouth; and portraits of
Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, James K.
Polk, and other distinguished persons.
CARTER, DAVID, agriculturist, legis
lator, was born Nov. 18, 1837, in Mcln-
tosh county, Ga. In 1897 he served with
distinction as a member of the Florida
state legislature from Cartersville.
CARTER, FRANCIS M., educator, law
yer, legislator, was born Nov. 28, 1839, in
Carter county, Mo. He received his edu
cation at the Arcadia college, university
of Missouri, and the university of North
Carolina. He has been superintendent of
public schools; prosecuting attorney; and
a representative in the Missouri state leg
islature. He has been a candidate for
judge of the circuit court; and was twice
presented as a democratic nominee for
congress. He is one of the foremost law
yers of Missouri, and has an extensive
practice at Farmington.
CARTER, FRANKLIN, educator, col
lege president, was born Sept. 30, 1837,
in Waterbury, Conn. From 1865 till 1868
he was professor of Latin and of French
at Williams, then of Latin alone, till 1872,
and then of German, at Yale, till 1881,
when he became president of Williams.
He has published a translation of Goethe's
Iphigenie auf Tauris, and Life of Mark
Hopkins.
CARTER, HARLEY H., jurist, was
born in New York. He removed to Mich
igan, from which state he was appointed
an associate justice of the United States
court for the territory of Arizona.
CARTER, JAMES COOLIDGE, lawyer,
author, was born Oct. 14, 1827, in Lan
caster, Mass. He was a member of the
commission appointed by Gov. Tilden, of
New York, in 1875, to devise a form of
municipal government for the cities of
the state. He ranks among the leading
lawyers of New York. He has published
a monograph entitled The Codification of
our Common Law, in which he opposes
the scheme of codification.
CARTER, JAMES GORDON, educator,
author, was born Sept. 7, 1795, in Leo-
minster, Mass. He was a prominent edu
cator of Massachusetts; and the author of
Essays on Popular Education; Geography
of New Hampshire; Geography of
Massachusetts; and Letters to William
Prescott on the Free Schools of New Eng
land. He died July 22, 1849, in Chicago,
111.
CARTER, JOHN, pioneer of Tennessee.
When the district of Washington, now
the state of Tennessee, was annexed to
North Carolina during the revolution, he
was elected, with John Sevier and Charles
Robertson, to the convention that assem
bled at Halifax, N. C., in 1785, and framed
a constitution for the state of Frankland,
which was reunited with North Carolina
in 1788.
CARTER, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born Sept. 10, 1792, on Black River,
S. C. He was a representative in con
gress from South Carolina from 1822 to
1829, when he declined a re-election. He
died June 20, 1850, in Georgetown, D. C.
CARTER, JOHN C., naval officer, was
born in 1805, in Virginia. In 1862 he com
manded the steamer Michigan on the
lakes. After the war he was placed in
command of the receiving-ship Vermont
and of the naval rendezvous at San Fran
cisco. He was commissioned as commo
dore on the retired list on April 4, 1867.
He died Nov. 24, 1870, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
CARTER, JOSEPH McKENDREE, edu
cator, clergyman, college president, was
born Jan. 1, 1852, near Huntingdon, Tenn.
He attended the East Tennessee Wesleyan
university, which institution is now
known as the U. S. Grant university. He
attained success in educational work, and
became a college president; and has re
ceived the degree of D. D. For twenty-
five years he has been a traveling
clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal
church, fourteen years of which he was
presiding elder. He has twice been a
member of the general conference, and
has filled numerous positions of honor in
the gift of his church.
CARTER, JOSIAH MASON, lawyer,
state legislator, was born June 19, 1813,
in New Canaan, Conn. He practiced in
New York city from 1840 till 1847, and
afterward in Norwalk; and served three
terms in the Connecticut legislature, dur
ing the last of which he was speaker of
the house. From 1862 till his death he
filled the office of state's attorney for Fair-
field county. He died March 22, 1868, in
Norwalk, Conn.
CARTER, LORENZO, pioneer, was born
in 1767, in Rutland, Vt. He emigrated in
1796 to the western reserve, and settled in
Cleveland in the spring of 1797. He kept
•a hotel and a store for the sale of hunt
ing-supplies in the early days of Cleve
land, and built the first frame house, the
first warehouse, and the first vessel con
structed in that town. In 1804 he was
elected a major in the militia. He died
Feb. 7, 1814, in Cleveland, Ohio.
198
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CARTER, LUTHER C., merchant, con
gressman, was born Feb. 25, 1805, in Beth
el, Maine. HP settled in New York city,
and devoted himself to mercantile pur
suits with success. He was a member of
the board of education in that city; and
was elected a representathe from New
York to the thirty-sixth congress.
CARTER, MARY HELEN, educator,
poet, was born Jan. 1, 1871, in Fillmore
county, Minn. For several terms she
taught school in Iowa; and her poems
have received extensive publication in the
periodical press.
CARTER, NATHAN FRANKLIN,
clergyman, author, poet, was born Jan. 6,
1830, in Henniker, N. H. He is the author
of The Native Minis
try of New Hamp
shire; and The Ride
for Life and Other
Poems. For several
years he was one of
•"M | the editors of the
New Hampshire
Journal of Educa
tion. His poems
have constantly ap
peared in periodical
literature, and In
Poets of America,
and other standard collections. He is al
so an authority on religious matters in his
denomination.
CARTER, NATHANIEL HAZELTINE,
journalist, author, was born Sept. 17, 1787,
in Concord, Mass. He was a New York
journalist who published Letters from
Europe, and wrote many poems of re
flection. He died Jan. 2, 1830, in Mar
seilles, France.
CARTER, OLIVER STANLEY, mer
chant, banker, was born July 25, 1825, in
New Hartford, Conn. He was elected a
director of The North American Fire In
surance Co. in 1856, and The Home In
surance Co. about 1860, which positions he
has since held. Since 1892 he has been
president of The National Bank of the Re
public. He owns the Carter building at
Broadway and Eighth street; and the
Carter and Macy building at 140-142 Pearl
street.
CARTER, PETER, publisher, author,
was born July 19, 1825, in Scotland. He
is a prominent New York publisher; and
author of Crumbs from the Land of Cakes,
a volume of travels in Scotland; Scotia's
Bards; and three juvenile tales includ
ing Bertie Lee; Donald Fraser; and Ef-
fle's Home.
CARTER, ROBERT, author, was born
Feb. 5, 1819, in Albany, N. Y. He was a
New York writer who was one of the
editors of Appleton's American Cyclo
paedia, to which he contributed many ar
ticles. He is the author of A Summer
Cruise on the Coast of New England. He
died Feb. 15, 1879, in Cambridge, Mass.
CARTER, RUSSEL KELSO, mathema
tician, author, was born Nov. 19, 1849, in
Baltimore, Md. He is a mathematician of
Chester, Pa., prominent in the Holiness
movement in the methodist church and
as a faith healer. He is the author of
The Atonement for Sin and Sickness; and
Miracles of Healing.
CARTER, SAMUEL, naval officer, was
born in Carter county, Tenn. He served
in the civil war; and in 1865 attained the-
rank of lioutenant commander in the
navy. During the following three years
he was commandant of the Naval acad
emy of Annapolis, receiving his promo
tion as captain in 1870. He died May 26,
1891, in Washington, D. C.
CARTER, THOMAS HENRY, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Oct. 30, 1854, in Scioto county, Ohio.
He was engaged in
farming, railroading,
and school teaching
for a number of
H years; studied law
i and was admitted to
" the bar. In 1882 he
removed from Bur-
liiiiAlnn. Iowa, to He-
lena, Mont.; and was
elected delegate from
the territory of Mon-
; j tana to ''"' fifty-first
congress as a repub
lican, and upon the admission of the state
was elected its first representative in con
gress. He was commissioner of the gen
eral land office from March, 1891, to July,
1892; and in January, 1895, was elected
to the United States senate by the legis-
'lature of Montana for the term beginning
in 1895 and ending in 1901. In July, 1892,
he was elected chairman of the republican
national committee.
CARTER, TIMOTHY J., lawyer, con
gressman. He was secretary of the Maine
senate in 1833; county attorney from 1833
to 1837; and was a representative in con
gress from Maine in 1837-38. He died
March 14, 1838, in Washington, D. C.
CARTER, W. H., clergyman, mission
ary, was born Oct. 27, 1829, in Utica, N.
Y. He was chaplain of the sixteenth reg
iment of Indiana volunteers in 1862-63.
He has filled various pastorates; and in
1877 began missionary work in Florida,
with headquarters at Tallahassee.
CARTER, WILLIAM B., state senator,
congressman, was born in 1812, in Tenn
essee. He was a member of the house and
senate in the state legislature; and presi
dent of the constitutional convention.
From 1835 to 1841 he was a representa
tive in congress from his native state.
He died April 17, 1848, in Carter county,
Tenn.
CARTER, WILLIAM FRANCIS, edu
cator, author, was born Sept. 5, 1830, in
Northborough, Mass. In 1867 he was ap
pointed professor of ancient languages,
and afterward of the Latin language and
history in the university of Wisconsin.
He was the author of Annals of Tacitus;
and a Short History of the Roman People.
He died Dec. 9, 1889.
CARTER, WILLIAM T., coal miner,
was born Aug. 23, 1827, in England. About
1867 he founded the town of Redington
on The Lehigh Valley railroad, below
Bethlehem, built there two large blast
furnaces for the manufacture of pig iron,
and erected machine shops and other
works and a large number of dwellings.
He died Feb. 9, 1893, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CARTER, WILLIS McGLASCOE, edu
cator, journalist, was born Sept. 3, 1852,
in Albemarle county, Va. For sixteen
years he taught school; was president of
the Augusta Teachers' association; and
is now the editor and owner of the Staun-
ton Tribune, Virginia.
CARTER, DAVID KELLOGG, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born June 22,
1812, in Rochester, N. Y. He was elected
to congress as a democrat, and served
two terms, from 1849 till 1853. In 1861 he
was appointed minister to Bolivia. In
1863 he became chief justice of the su
preme court of the District of Columbia.
He died April 16, 1887, in Washington,
D. C.
CARTWRIGHT, MARY J., poet, was
born Feb. 5, 1856, in Portland, Ind. Her
poems have appeared in the periodical
press; in Sunday school and singing
books, and in sheet music form. She still
resides in the city of her nativity.
CARTWRIGHT, PETER, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 1, 1785, in Am-
herst county, Va. He was a famous meth
odist preacher of
Illinois; and the au
thor of Controversy
with the Devil; Au
tobiography of a
Backwoods Preach
er; and Fifty Years
a Presiding Elder.
He filled many high
positions in his
church, and attended
all the important
conventions. H e
died Sept. 25, 1872,
near Pleasant Plains, 111.
1 CARTWRIGHT, SAMUEL ADOLPHUS,
physician, was born Nov. 30, 1793, in Fair
fax county, Va. He removed to Natchez,
Miss., where he labored for more than a
quarter of a century, and served at one
time under Gen. Jackson as surgeon. He
removed to New Orleans in 1848, and in
1862 was appointed to improve the sani
tary condition of the confederate soldiers
near Port Hudson and Vicksburg. He died
May 2, 1863, in Jackson, Miss.
CARUTH, ASHER GRAHAM, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 7, 1844, in
Scotts\ille, Ky. He was attorney of the
board of trustees of the public schools of
Louisville, by annual elections, from 1873
until 1880; in 1880 was elected common
wealth's attorney for the ninth judicial
district of Kentucky for the constitutional
term of six years, and was re-elected
without opposition in 1886. He was
elected to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-
second and fifty-third congresses.
CARUTHERS, ELI WASHINGTON,
clergyman, historian, was born Oct. 23,
1793, in Rowan county, N. C. He became
pastor of Buffalo and Allemance churches
in 1820. He is the author of Life of Da
vid Caldwell; and two volumes of Revo
lutionary Incidents and Sketches of Char
acters, Chiefly in the Old North State.
He died Nov. 14, 1865, in North Carolina.
CARUTHERS, ROBERT L., soldier,
jurist, congressman, was born July 31,
1800, in Smith county, Tenn. In 1834 he
was elected a brigadier-general of militia;
was a member of the Tennessee legisla
ture in 1835; and was a presidential elec
tor in 1845, declining to run for governor.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1841 to 1843, declining a
re-election; and in 1852 was called to a
seat on the supreme bench of Tennessee,
holding the position many years. He was
a delegate to the peace convention of 1861.
He died Oct. 4, 1882.
CARUTHERS, SAMUEL, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 13, 1820, in Mad
ison county, Mo. He was elected a mem
ber of the house of representatives in con
gress from Missouri from 1853 to 1859. He
died July 20, 1860, in Cape Girardeau, Mo.
CARVER, JOHN, governor, was "born
about 1590 in England. He was the first
governor of Plymouth from 1620 to 1621.
He died April 5, 1621.
CARVER, JONATHAN, traveler, au
thor, was born in 1732, in Stillwater, N.
Y. He was of an adventurous disposition,
and traveled through the interior parts of
North America. He was the author of a
work entitled Travels through the Inte
rior Parts of North America. He died
Jan. 31, 1780, in London, England.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
199
* fe
CARVER, NATHANIEL E., educator,
was born Aug. 6, 1841, in Cape Vincent,
N. Y. After graduating from the Massa
chusetts State Normal school he took up
educational work in which he has been
eminently successful. He has taught in
Wisconsin schools in Richmond City,
Lone Rock, Muscoda, Sextonville, Prairie
<Ju Chien, and Chetek; and for six years
has been county superintendent of Barron
•county.
GARY, ALBIGENCE WALDO, inventor,
was born May 23, 1801, in Coventry, R.
I. He was the inventor of Gary's rotary
force-pump, which was used on the first
.steam fire-engine in the United States, in
reconstructing the southern railway after
the civil war and in the mines of Cali
fornia. He died Aug. 30, 1862 in Brock-
port, N. Y.
CARY, ALICE, author, poet, was born
April 26, 1820, in Cincinnati, Ohio. She
was an Ohio writer who came with her
sister Phoebe to New
York city in 1852,
and as poet and nov
elist became promi
nent in literary cir-
cles there. The
weekly receptions of
the sisters were at
tended by artists and
writers for many
years. Her books of
verse include Lyra,
and Other Poems; A
Lover's Diary; Bal
lads, Lyrics, and Hymns; Early and Late
Poems (with Phoebe Cary, infra). Her
•other works are Clovernook, a book of
the type of Miss Mitford's Our Village;
Pictures of Country Life; the novels, Ha-
gar; The Bishop's Son; Married, not
Mated. Snowberries, a juvenile; From
Year to Year; and A Token of Remem
brance. She died Feb. 12, 1871, in New
York.
CARY, ANNIE LOUISE, singer, was
born Oct. 22, 1842, in Wayne, Maine.
During the most active part of her pro
fessional career, she sang at all the festi
vals given in New York, Boston, Cincin
nati, Chicago, and Worcester. She was
always a favorite with the American pub
lic; and was equally popular as an opera
singer in foreign countries. In 1882 she
was married to Charles Monson Raymond
of New York city; and has since sung
•only in private and for charity.
CARY, ARCHIBALD, patriot, was born
in 1730, in Virginia. He served mainly in
the Virginia convention and was chosen
president of the senate when its state
government was organized. He died in
September, 1786.
CARY, EDWARD, journalist, author,
was born in 1840, in New York. He is a
journalist of New York cjty on the edi
torial staff of The Times; and the author
of Life of George William Curtis.
CARY, GEORGE B., congressman. He
was a member of congress from the Pet
ersburg district. Virginia, in 1842 and
1843. He died March 5, 1850, in South
ampton county, Va.
CARY, GEORGE LOVELL, theologian,
author, was born in 1830, in Massachu
setts. He has been professor of New Tes
tament literature at Meadville Theologi
cal seminary since 1862; and is the author
of Introduction to the Greek of the New
Testament.
•CARY, JOSEPH CLINTON, inventor,
was born Oct. 12, 1828, in Alexander, N.
Y. He built two steam fire-engines ab^ut
1860, to which his father's pump was ap
plied, for use in New York city. He was
the originator of the cross-town railroad
running from Christopher street ferry to
the East river at Twenty-third street. He
died Aug. 7, 1884, in Martha's Vineyard,
Mass.
CARY, OLIVER HAZARD P., soldier,
state legislator, was born Feb. 26, 1819,
in Connersville, Ind. He was in all the
battles of the army of the Cumberland,
and was wounded five times. In 187'i he
was elected to represent Grant county in
the legislature, and was re-elected in
1878 from Marion, Ind.
CARY, PHOEBE, author, poet, was born
Sept. 4, 1824, in Cincinnati, Ohio. She is
the author of Poems and Parodies; Poems
of Faith, Hope, and
Love. She will be
longest remembered
by the well-known
hymn, Nearer Home.
Her father moved
from Vermont short-
ly before her birth.
She and her sister
Alice wrote a num
ber of exquisite
poems. Her name is
sometimes spslled
Carey. She died
July 31, 1871.
CARY, SAMUEL FENTON, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 18, 1814, in
Cincinnati, Ohio. He was elected a rep
resentative from Ohio to 'the fortieth
congress; and was the only member of
his party who voted against the impeach
ment of President Andrew Johnson.
CARY, SHEPARD, merchant, farmer,
congressman. He was a member of the
Maine legislature in 1832, 1823, from 1839
to 1842, in 1843, and from 1848 to 1854.
He was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1844 to 1845. He died in
August, 1866, in Maine.
CARY, TRUMBULL, soldier, legislator,
banker, was born Aug. 11, 1787, in Mans
field, Conn. In 1805 he moved to Batavia,
N. Y., and for thirty years was engaged
in mercantile work. He was adjutant in
the war of 1812; was elected to the as
sembly; served as state senator; and
was the founder of the Bank of Genesee.
He died June 20, 1869.
CASE, CHARLES, lawyer, congress
man, was born Dec. 21, 1817, in Austin-
burg, Ohio. He was a representative from
Indiana in the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth
congresses.
CASE, JEROME I., manufacturer, was
born Dec. 11, 1819, in Williamstown, N.
Y. The success of the Case machines was
phenomenal. Repeated enlargements of
the plant were needed, and these great
and prosperous works now occupy forty
acres of ground and have an output of
$2,000,000 worth of machines a year. In
1880 the business was incorporated as The
J. I. Case Threshing Machine Co., capital
$1,000,000. He died Dec. 22, 1891, in Ra
cine, Wis.
CASE, MARIETTA STANLEY, poet,
was born Aug. 22, 1845, in Thompson,
Conn. She is the daughter of a clergy
man of Puritan and
revolutionary ances
try; and she is re
gent of the Daugh
ters of the American
Revolution. She has
held various offices
in home and foreign
missionary work.
Her best poems are
entitled The Waning
Century; and Amor-
patioe, the latter be
ing written for the
Daughters of the American Revolution.
She was one of the Connecticut women
authors given creditable mention at the
Atlanta exposition. She is the wife of
Mr. A. Willard Case, a prominent paper
manufacturer of South Manchester, Conn.
CASE, THEODORE SPENCER, soldier,
physician, journalist, was born Jan. 26,
1832, in Jackson, Butts county, Ga. From
1860 till 1861 he edited the Medical Re
view of Kansas City, Mo. He became
second lieutenant of the twenty-fifth Mis
souri infantry in 1861, and later captain
and assistant quartermaster. In 1865 he
was made colonel and quartermaster-gen-
. eral of Missouri, and from 1866 till 1868
was curator of the university of Missouri.
From 1873 till 1885 ne was postmaster of
Kansas City; and in 1885 became pro
fessor of chemistry in Kansas City Medi
cal college. He edited the Kansas City
Review of Science and Industry from 1877
till 1885; and in 1886 became president
of the Kansas City real estate and stock
exchange.
CASE, WALTER, congressman, was
born in Dutchess county, N. Y. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1819 to 1821.
CASEBEER, JACOB, physician, was
born April 11, 1839, in Auburn, Ind. He
was commissioned a surgeon in the
union army, and was mustered out of the
service June 27, 1865. He is a member and
president of the North-eastern Medical so
ciety of Indiana, and also belongs to the
American Medical association.
CASEY, JOSEPH, jurist, congressman,
was born in Maryland. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1849 to 1851; and in 1863 was ap
pointed a judge of the court of claims.
CASEY, LEVI, congressman, was born
in 1749, in South Carolina. He was a rep
resentative in congress from South Caro
lina from 1803 to 1807. He died Feb. 1,
1807, in Washington, D. C.
CASEY, LYMAN R., congressman, was
born in 1837, in York, N. Y. In 1882 he
removed to North Dakota, and has since
been engaged in the management of the
affairs of the Carrington and Casey Land
company, whose business includes the
cultivation of several thousand acres of
land. He acted as commissioner on the
organization of Foster county, Dakota
territory; and was elected to the United
States senate as a republican in 1889, and
served till 1893.
CASEY, SAMUEL, financier, was born
in Kentucky. While residing in Washing
ton City he was appointed treasurer of
the United States in 1853, and held the
office until 1860.
CASEY, SAMUEL L., congressman. He
was elected a representative from Ken
tucky to the thirty-seventh congress.
CASEY, SILAS, general, author, was
born July 12, 1807, in East Greenwich, R.
I. He was a general in the United States
army who published
_,.^j>—-. ... Infantry Tactics;
and Infantry Tactics
i for Colored Troops.
^^- ; In 1826 he graduated
t from the United
States Military acad
emy; served in the
Seminole war of
1837-42; distin
guished himself in
the war with Mexi
co; and was made
brigadier-general of
He subsequently at
tained the rank of major-general of the
United States army; retired in 1868; and
twice received the thanks of the Rhode
Island legislature for distinguished ser
vices in the civil war. He died Jan. 22,
1882, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
volunteers in 1861.
200
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CASEY, SILAS, naval officer, was born
Sept. 11, 1841, in Rhode Island. He be
came master in 1861, lieutenant in 1862,
lieutenant-commander in 1866, and com
mander in 1874. He was attached to the
steamer Wissahickon in 1861, and was in
the first attack on Fort Sumter and var
ious engagements with the batteries in
Charleston harbor. He was equipment of
ficer at the Washington navy-yard in
1882-84, light-house inspector in 1885, and
in 1886 commanded the receiving-ship
Dale. He was made a captain in 1889;
and promoted to commodore in 1898.
CASEY, THOMAS* LINCOLN, soldier,
educator, was born May 10, 1831. in Sack-
ett's Harbor. N. Y. In 1854-59 he was
assistant professor of engineering in the
United States Military academy. From
1859 till 1861 he had command of the en
gineer corps on the Pacific coast. Dur
ing the civil war he served at first as
staff engineer at Fort Monroe, Va., be
came captain in the engineer corps on
Aug. 6, 1861, and was superintending engi
neer of the permanent defences and field
fortifications upon the coast of Maine.
Cl\SEY, ZADOC, congressman, was
born in Georgia. He was a representative
in congress from Illinois from 1833 to
1843; and also held the office of lieuten
ant-governor of the state, and was a mem
ber of one of the state constitutional con
ventions. He died in 1862, in Caseyville,
CASH, JOHN H., journalist, jurist, was
born in January, I860, in St. Louis, Mo.
He is the editor and owner of The Leader
of Westfield, N. J.; has been judge of
the district court; and has filled various
other public positions of honor.
CASHEN, THOMAS V., manufacturer,
was born Feb. 14, 1835, in Pictou, N. S.
After the close of the war he came to
Jacksonville, Fla., and for nine years was
engaged in the business of contracting
and building. In 1874 he became a part
ner of Alexander Wallace in the Alligator
steam saw and planing mills; and in 1884
became sole proprietor.
CASILKAR, JOHN W.. painter, was
born June 25, 1811, in New York. His
principal works are Swiss Lake; Genesee
Meadows; September Afternoon; Trout
Brook; Autumn; Scene in New Hamp
shire; View on Chemung River; View of
the Rocky Mountains; Scene on Long Is
land; Early Autumn; Genesee Valley
and Early Summer, Long Island Sound.
CASKIE. JOHN S., congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress from his native
state from 1851 to 1855. He died Dec 15
1869. in Richmond. Va.
CASON. THOMAS J., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born
Sept. 13. 1828, in Union county, Ind. From
1861-64 was a mem
ber of the Indiana
legislature; from
1864-67 was a mem
ber of the state sen-
mm ^r^ w- | ate; and in 1867 was
»* appointed judge of
fommon pleas, and
re-elected to the
same office for a
term of four years.
He was elected to
the forty-third and
forty-fourth c o n -
gresses, serving on the committee on re
vision of laws. He still continues the
practice of law at Lebanon, Ind., where
he has attained a large practice.
CASS, GEORGE N., artist. He studied
with Inues, and has painted landscapes in
oil and water-colors, exhibiting at the
Boston Art club and elsewhere. Among
his works which are specially popular in
New England are Evening on the Ken-
nebec River; and View in Medway, Mass.
His wife is also an artist, and has painted
fruit, flowers, and still-life, in oil.
CASS, JOSEPH FORREST, banker, was
born July 31, 1863, in Vernon county, Wis.
He is president of the Tripoli Savings
bank, Iowa; and vice-president of the
bank of Sumner, Iowa. He is also presi
dent of the Western Electric Telephone
system, consisting of two thousand miles
of lines in Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin
and South Dakota. He is also a director
in the Waterloo and Cedar Falls railway;
and is interested in various other busi
ness enterprises.
CASS, LEWIS, statesman, was born
Oct. 9, 1782, in Exeter, N. H. He was a
statesman of Michigan who was secretary
of war in Jackson's
administration; am
bassador to France;
and a democratic
candidate for presi
dent in 1845. He was
the author of Inqui
ries Concerning the
History, Traditions
and Languages of the
Indians in the
United States; and
France, its King,
Court, and Govern
ment, 1840. He died June 17, 1866, in
Detroit, Mich.
CASSADY, J. E., lawyer, legislator, was
born July 8, 1859, in Roane county, Tenn.
He received his education in the public
schools, and at the Grant university of
Athens. For eight years he was clerk of
the circuit court; and in 1896 was elected
a member of the Tennessee state legisla
ture in the fiftieth general assembly.
CASSATT, ALEXANDER JOHNSTON,
railroad president, was born Dec. 8, 1839,
in Pittsburg, Pa. Since 1885 he has been
president of the New York, Philadelphia
and Norfolk railroad.
CASSEDY, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in Bergen county, N. J. He was a
representative in congress from New Jer
sey from 1821 to 1827. He died Dec. 31,
1842, in Hackensack, N. J.
CASSEL, ABRAHAM HARLEY, edu
cator, antiquarian, author, was born Sept.
21, 1820, in Kulpsville. Pa. He was the
founder of the Cassel library, which con
sists of fifty thousand valuable books and
documents. He presented about twenty-
eight thousand books and documents to
the Brethren's Collegiate institute of
Mount Morris, 111.; and contributed to the
historical society of Pennsylvania about
three thousand books and papers relating
to the early history of that state.
CASSEL, FLORA H., temperance work
er. She is the author of a volume of
poems entitled White Ribbon Vibrations.
CASSELL, CHARLES E., journalist,
was born Aug. 31, 1849, in Wakefield, Md.
He is the editor and owner of The Clarion
of Thurmont, Md., where he is a promi
nent business man and interested in the
public affairs of his county and state.
CASSERLY, EUGENE, lawyer, journal
ist, congressman, was born in 1822, in
Ireland. He removed to California in
1850, and identified himself with the press
of San Francisco. He was elected a sena
tor in congress from California for the
term commencing in 1869 and ending in
1875. He died June 14, 1883, in San Fran
cisco, Cal.
CASSIDY. GEORGE WILLIAMS, jour
nalist, state senator, congressman, was
born April 25, 1836, in Bourbon county.
Ky. He became a journalist, and settled
in Nevada. He was a state senator from
1872 to 1880; president of the senate dur
ing the session of 1879; and was elected
a representative from Nevada to the
forty-seventh and forty-eighth congresses
as a democrat.
CASSIDY, PATRICK S.. journalist,
poet, was born Oct. 31, 1850, in Ireland.
In 1868 he became connected with the
Associated Press, remaining with that
association for ten years. He successively
edited the New York Sunday Democrat,
Illustrated Times and the Celtic Maga
zine, of which latter periodical he was
part owner. Since 1881 he has been regu
larly connected with the Sunday Mercury
He has written song verse; and is the
author of a work entitled Glenough, or
the Victims of Vengeance.
CASSIN, JOHN, naturalist, author, was
born Sept. 6, 1813, in Chester, Pa. He
was a naturalist of Philadelphia whose
American Ornithology is a continuation
of Audubon's work on that subject. Other
works of his are Ornithology of the Japan
Expedition; Mammalogy and Ornithology
of the Wilkes Exploring Expedition; Il
lustrations of the Birds of California,
Texas, etc.; and A General Synopsis of
North American Ornithology. He died
Jan. 10, 1869, in Philadelphia. Pa.
CASSIN, STEPHEN, naval officer, was.
born Feb. 16, 1783, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He served with distinction in the war with
Tripoli, commanded the Ticonderoga in
Macdonough's victory on Lake Champlain,
and was rewarded by congress with a gold
medal for bravery in that action. He was
a terror to the pirates that infested the
West Indies, and captured four of their
vessels in 1822. He died Aug. 29, 1857, in
Georgetown, D. C.
CASSODAY, JOHN B., lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, author, was born July 7, 1830,
in Herkimer county, N. Y. He pursued his
early studies in the
common schools, and
at the academies in
Wellsboro and
Jk ,_ M| Knoxville, graduat
ing from the Alfred
academy. He subse
quently studied one
year at the Michigan
university, and at-
tended the law
school of Albany, N.
Y. In 1857 he settled
in Janesville, Wis..
where he soon attained prominence as a
great lawyer. He was a member of the
Wisconsin state legislature in 1865 and
again in 1877, when he was made speaker
of that body. In 1864 he was a delegate
to the Baltimore convention that nomi
nated Lincoln for president; and in 1880
to the Chicago convention that nominated
Garfield, and was chairman of the Wis
consin delegation. In 1880 he was ap
pointed associate justice of the supreme
court: received the re-election to that
office in 1881 and again in 1889. He be
came chief justice of the supreme court
of Wisconsin in 1895, and still fills that
high position. He is also professor of
constitutional law in the college of law
at the university of Wisconsin. Chief
.Justice Cassoday is the author of Casso-
day on Wills; and has contributed exten
sively to law journals.
HBRRINOBHAWa ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
201
CAS8ON, HENRY, journalist, secretary
of state, was born Dec. 13, 1843, in
Brownsville, Pa. Since 1873 he has been
a resident of Viroqua, Wis., where he was
editor and proprietor of the Vernon
County Censor during 1875-85. During
1885-89 he was private secretary to Gov
ernor Rusk; to Governor Hoard in 1889-
91; and to the secretary of agriculture in
1891-92. In 1894 he was elected secretary
of state of Wisconsin; and takes an ac
tive part in the public affairs of his
adopted state.
CASTEEL, JOHN WILLIAM, journalist,
was born Dec. 27, 1872, in Laurel county,
Ky. He is the editor and owner of The
Newton Herald of Jasper, Ark., of which
city he has been mayor.
CASTLE, CURTIS HARVEY, educator,
physician, congressman, was born Oct. 4.
1848, in Knox county, 111. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as the fusion
candidate of the populist and democratic
parties.
CASTLE, HENRY ANSON, lawyer,
journalist, was born Aug. 22, 1841, in Co
lumbus, 111. In 1862 he graduated from
the McKendee col
lege, 111. He then
enlisted as a private
in the seventy-third
regiment of Illinois
volunteer infantry.
He was made ser
geant-major of his
regiment; was se
verely wounded in
the battle of Stone
River, and finally
discharged. H e
afterwards raised a
company for the one hundred and seventh
regiment Illinois infantry, which he
commanded as captain during his term of
service. For ten years he practiced law
in St. Paul, and in 1876 was chosen editor-
in-chief of the St. Paul Dispatch, of which
he became owner. In 1885 he disposed of
the Dispatch; and since 1895 has been
• president of the Provident Trust company.
In 1873 he was a member of the Minne
sota legislature; in 1892-96 was post
master of St. Paul; and during 1872-75
was commander of the department of
Minnesota, G. A. R.
CASTLE, JAMES N., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Mcfy 23,
1836, in Shefford, P. Q. He was elected
district attorney and located in Stillwater,
where he has been engaged in the prac
tice of law since. He was elected to the
state senate in 1868, and re-elected in 1878
and 1882, serving in all ten years. He was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
CASWALL, HENRY, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1810, in England. He
was an episcopal clergyman of English
birth, but ordained in the United States,
where the most of his life was spent.
He lived for a time in England, however,
and was a prebend of Salisbury. He was
the author of An Epitome of the History
of the American Episcopal Church (1836);
Didascalus, or The Teacher; Mormonism
and its Author; The Jerusalem Chamber,
or Convocation and its Possibilities; The
Californian Crusoe, a Tale of Mormonism;
Scotland and the Scottish Church; The
Western World Revisited; The Martyr of
the Pongas; and The American Church
and the American Union. He died Dec.
17, 1870, in Franklin, Pa.
CASWELL, ALEXIS, clergyman, college
president, author, was born in 1799, in
Taunton, Mass. He was a baptist clergy
man and educator; and for thirty-five
years a professor at Brown university,
and its president in 1868-72. He has lec
tured on Astronomy; and Meteorological
Observations. He died Jan. 8, 1877, In
Providence, R. I.
CASWELL, LUCIEN B., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, born Nov. 27,
1827, in Swanton, Vt. In 1855 he was dis
trict attorney; a dele
gate to the republican
convention of 1868;
and a member of the
state legislature in
1863, 1872, and 1874.
He was elected a
representative from
Wisconsin to the for
ty-fourth, forty-fifth,
* forty-sixth, forty-
seventh, forty-ninth,
fiftieth and fifty-first
congresses as a re
publican. He was on several important
committees.
CASWELL. RICHARD, soldier, state
senator, governor, was born Aug. 3, 1729,
in Maryland. From 1754 to 1771 he was
a member of the colonial assembly, and
for the last two years was speaker of
the house of delegates. He commanded
the right wing of Tryon's forces at the
battle of Allamance, in 1771; was a dele
gate to the continental congress from 1774
to 1776; in 1775 was president of the
provincial congress which framed the
constitution of the state, and was elected
first governor of North Carolina under it,
holding that office until 1779. In 1780 he
led the North Carolina troops in the bat
tle of Camden; in 1782 was speaker of the
senate, and comptroller-general, perform
ing the duties of both offices until 1784,
when he was again elected governor, and
held that position until he became ineli
gible by the laws of the state. In 1787
he was a delegate to the convention for
framing the federal constitution; in 1789
was elected state senator, and was a
member of the convention which ratified
the constitution; and was also speaker of
the senate. He died Nov. 20, 1789 in
Fayetteville, N. C.
CATCHINGS, THOMAS CLENDENIN,
soldier, lawyer, congressman, born Jan. 11,
1847, in Hinds county, Miss. In 1875 he
was elected state senator for a term of four
years; resigned in 1877, and was elected
attorney-general of Mississippi for four
years; and in 1881 was re-elected. He
was elected a representative from Missis
sippi to the forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-
first, fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth
and fifty-fifth congresses as a democrat.
CATE, GEORGE W., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in September, 1824,
in Montpelier, Vt. He was district-at
torney; a member of the legislature
for two terms; judge of the circuit
court of the 'seventh judicial circuit in
1854; was re-elected three terms, hold
ing the position twenty-one years; and
in 1874 resigned, and was elected a rep
resentative from Vermont to the forty-
fourth congress.
CATE, GEORGE WASHINGTON, law
yer, jurist, legislator, was born March 10,
1834, in Worthwood, N. H. In 1877-78 he
served as a member of theNew Hampshire
senate, and since 1888 has been judge of
the second district court of Essex county.
He was a personal friend of the poet John
Greenleaf Whittier, and from 1876 until
Mr. Whittier's death sat at Judge Cate's
table.
CATER, WILLIAM H., soldier, farmer,
stockman, was born May 6, 1842, in Bel-
mont county, Ohio. In 1861 he enlisted
as a union soldier; and still carries a ball
in his right shoulder, which he received
at the charge on Fort Wagoner, S. C., July
18, 1863. He has filled all the positions
of honor in the gift of his town and
county; and has served as the department
commander of the Oklahoma G. A. R.
CATE, WILLIAM HENDERSON, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born Nov.
11, 1839, in Rutherford county, Tenn. He-
was elected to the legislature of 1871 and
1873, including the extra session of 1874;
was elected prosecuting attorney of the
second circuit in 1878; was appointed
judge of the second circuit in March, 1884,.
and was elected to the same position with
out opposition in September, 1884. He or
ganized the bank of Jonesborough in
1887; and received certificate of election
to the fifty-first congress as a democrat;
and was elected to the fifty-second con
gress as a democrat.
CATHCART, CHARLES W., surveyor,
congressman, was born in 1809 in the
Island of Madeira. He was for several'
years a United States surveyor; served in
the state legislature; and was a presi
dential elector in 1845. He was elected
a representative in congress from Indiana
from 1845 to 1849; and was a senator in
congress from 1852 to 1853, by appoint
ment.
CATHCART, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 8, 1826, in Ireland. He
is a baptist clergyman of Philadelphia;
and the author of The Baptists and the-
American Revolution; The Papal System;
The Baptism of the Ages and the Na
tions; and The Baptist Encyclopaedia.
CATHERWOOD, MRS. MARY [HART-
WELL], author, was born Dec. 16, 1847.
in Luray, Ohio. She is a writer of
Hoopeston, 111., whose historical ro
mances dealing with the early days of
Canada and the northwest are as notable
for their careful attention to historical
details as for their graphic and pictur
esque style. She is the author of A Wo
man in Armour; The Lady of Fort St.
John; and The Romance of Dollard.
CATHRALL, ISAAC, physician, author,
was born in 1764 in Philadelphia, Pa. He-
was a surgeon of the city almshouse from'
1810 to 1816. He published Remarks on
the Yellow Fever; Buchan's Domestic
Medicine, with Notes; Memoir on the
Analysis of the Black Vomit. He died
Feb. 22, 1819.
CATLIN, AMOS P., lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born Jan. 25, 1823, in Dutchess
county, N. Y. He received his educa
tion in the Kingston academy, and has at
tained prominence as an able lawyer of
Sacramento, Cal. He has been a mem
ber of the California state legislature; a
member of the California state board of
equalization; and judge of the superior
court of Sacramento county.
CATLIN, GEORGE, artist, author, was
born in 1796 in Wilkesbarre, Pa. He
was an artist who spent many years
among the Indians; and the author of
Notes of Eight Years in Europe; Illus
trations of the Manners, Customs, and
Condition of the North American Indians;
Notes for the Emigrant to America; Life
Among the Indians, a Book for Youth;
The Breath of Life, or Mai-Respiration
and its Effects; O-Kee-Pa, a Religious
Ceremony, and other Customs of the Man-
dans; Last Rambles Among the Indians
of the Rocky Mountains; and The Lifted!
and Subsided Rocks of America. He
died Dec. 23, 1872, in Jersey City, N. J.
202
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CATLIN, GEORGE LYNDE, journalist,
diplomat, author, was born in 1840 on
Staten Island. He was a journalist and
diplomat, consul at Limoges, Stuttgart,
and Zurich; and the author of Bilbigheim,
a story; The Presidential Campaign of
1896, written in 1898; Titbits for Trav
elers; and The Postilion of Nagold, and
Other Poems.
CATLIN, GEORGE S., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1808 in Har-
wington, Conn. He was a representative
in congress from 1843 to 1845; was a
number of years in the state legislature;
and state's attorney, and judge of the
Windham county court. He died in De
cember, 1851.
CATO, STERLING G.. jurist, was born
in Georgia. He removed to Alabama,
from which state he was appointed an as
sociate justice of the United States court
for the territory of Kansas.
CATON, JOHN DEAN, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born March 19, 1812, in Morn-
roe, N. Y. He gained a large and lucra
tive practice in Chicago, and in 1842 was
elected judge of the Illinois supreme court,
becoming chief justice in 1855. He re
signed that honorable position in 1864,
in order to devote himself to private
business. He is the author of A Summer
in Norway, and Antelope and Deer of
America.
CATON. RICHARD, merchant, was
born in England in 1763. He became a
merchant in Baltimore, and in 1790 en
tered into an association for the manufac
ture of cotton. He was particularly in
terested in geological researches, and was
one of the founders in 1795 of the library
company, w.hose collection was merged
in the library of the Maryland Historical
society. He died May 19, 1845, in Balti
more, Md.
CATRON. JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1778 in Wythe county, Va. In
1824 he was appointed one of the judges
of the supreme court of the state; and in
1837 was appointed a justice of the su
preme court of the United States, which
position he held until his death. He died
May 30, 1865, in Nashville, Tenn.
CATRON, THOMAS BENTON, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 6, 1840,
in Lafayette county, Mo. He has served
as district attorney, and United States
attorney for New Mexico. He was four
times a member of the New Mexico leg
islature, and served as a delegate to the
fifty-fourth congress from that state.
CATTELL. ALEXANDER GILMORE.
merchant, United States senator, was
born Feb. 12, 1816, in Salem, N. J. In 1840
he was elected to the state legislature.
In 1846 he settled in Philadelphia as a
merchant; became a director in the Me
chanics' bank; and was elected to the
city councils from 1850 to 1854. In 1855 he
returned to New Jersey, but continued
his business in Philadelphia. He was one
of the early presidents of the Corn Ex
change association of that city; in 1858
organized the Corn Exchange bank, and
was president of the same. In 1866 he
was elected a senator in congress from
New Jersey for the term ending 1871 to
fill a vacancy.
CATTELL, WILLIAM CASSIDY, edu
cator, clergyman, college president, was
born Aug. 30, 1827, in Salem, N. J. From
1855 till 1860 he was professor of Latin
and Greek in Lafayette college, and in
1863 became its president. Through his
exertions more than $1,000,000 was ob
tained for the institution, extensive
grounds were added and commodious
buildings were erected.
CAULDWELL, LESLIE GIFFEN, ar
tist, was born Oct. 18, 1864, in New York
city. He is an artist of New York city,
and has exhibited his paintings in Ber
lin, Boston, Philadelphia, Cincinnati and
St. Louis. Several of his pictures were
exhibited at the World's Columbian expo
sition.
CAULDWELL, WILLIAM, journalist,
state senator, was born Oct. 12, 1824, in
New York city. In 1867 he was elected
state senator from New York, and re-
elected in 1869. In 1876 he became the
sole owner and proprietor of the Sunday
Mercury of New York city.
CAULFIELD, BERNARD G.. lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 15, 1828, in
Alexandria, Va. He removed to Chicago
in 1853, and was elected a representative
to the forty-fourth congress from Illi
nois, having previously served in the for
ty-third congress to fill a vacancy.
CAULKINS, FRANCES MAINWAR-
ING, author, was born in 1796, in New
London, Conn. She was a local historian
of Connecticut; and the author of A
History of Norwich; and A History of
New London. She died Feb. 3, 1869, in New
London, Conn.
CAUSEY, JOHN WILLIAMS, fruit grow
er, state senator, congressman, was born
Sept. 19, 1841, in Milford, Del. He is en
gaged in farming and fruit growing; and
was elected to the state senate for 1875-
77. He was delegate to the national dem
ocratic con\ention in 1884; was appoint
ed internal revenue collector for the dis
trict of Delaware by President Cleveland,
and was elected to the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat. He
took an active part in all movements
which tended to the agricultural interests
of the United States.
CAUSEY, P. F., governor, was born in
1801. He was a merchant by occupation,
and was elected governor of Delaware in
1854, and remained in office four years.
He died Feb. 17, 1871, in Milford, Del.
CAUSIN, JOHN M. S., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in Mary
land. He served several terms in the
legislature; was a representative in con
gress from his native state from 1843 to
1845, and in 1849 was a presidential elec
tor. He died Jan. 30, 1861, in Cairo, 111.
CAUTHORN, HENRY S., lawyer, was
born Feb. 23, 1828, in Vincennes, Ind. In
1854 he was elected prosecuting attorney;
and in 1855 was elected city attorney of
Vincennes, Ind. In 1870 he was the rep-
resentathe from Knox county, and was
re-elected in the fall of 1872 and again in
1878.
CAVANAUGH, JAMES M., lawyer, min
er, congressman, was born July 4, 1823, in
Springfield, Mass. He removed to Min
nesota in 1854, and was elected to the
thirty-fifth congress. He moved to Colo
rado in 1861, and was a member of its
constitutional convention. He removed
to Montana in 1866, and was elected a
delegate to the fortieth and forty-first
congresses as a democrat.
CAVANESS, JAMES M., journalist, lec
turer, poet, was born March 29, 1842, in
Monrovia, Ind. He received his education
at the Baker university; at the gradua
tion he received the degree of A. B., and
three years later the degree of A. M. In
1866-67 he was principal of the city
schools at Butler, Mo., :md later at Paola,
Kas. He is now the editor and proprietor
of The Advance of Chetopa. Kan.; and has
published a volume of poems.
CAVERLY, ROBERT BOODEY, lawyer,
historian, poet, was born July 19, 1806, in
Stratford, N. H. He attended the schools
of his native town,
Pembroke academy,
and in 1837 graduat
ed from Harvard
university. When
quite young he held
the office of colonel
in the major-general
staff, and inspector
in the New Hamp
shire militia. In his
younger days he
taught school, and
subsequently prac
ticed law in the courts of Maine, New
Hampshire, Massachusetts, and in the Dis
trict of Columbia; and in 1857 served as
city solicitor of Lowell, Mass. He was
the author of The Merrimack, in two
volumes; Caverly's Poems, two volumes;
Poems, Epics, Lyrics and Ballads; The
Voice; Hannah Duston and Indian Wars
of New England; Indian Wars of New
England and John Eliot; History of
Barnstead; The Caverly Annals; The
Boody Annals; and several other inter
esting books. He was instrumental in
erecting a monument to the memory of
Hannah Duston on Contoocook Island, in
the Merrimac river, near Fishery ille, N.
H.; and also urged the erection of stones
to the unmarked soldiers' graves in the
cemetery in Lowell. He died Oct. 20,
1887.
CAWEIN, MADISON JULIUS, account
ant, author, poet, was born in 1865 in
Kentucky. He is a poet of Louisville, Ky.,
whose verse is very musical, and shows
much individuality. He is the author of
Days and Dreams; Moods and Memories;
Intimations of the Beautiful; Blooms of
the Berry; The Triumph of Music; Ac-
colon of Gaul; Lyrics and Idyls; Poems
of Nature and Love; Red Leaves and
Roses; The Garden of Dreams; and Un
dertones.
CAYVAN, GEORGIA EVA, actress, was
born in 1860, in Bath, Maine. She has at
tained a national reputation as a noted
actress.
CECIL, ELIZABETH FRANCES, au
thor, was born in Virginia. She is an
author of Virginia, who wrote Industrial
Heroes; Literary Salons; Popular Suf
frage in Literature; and some fugitive
verses.
CESNOLA, LOUIS P. DI, soldier, diplo
mat, was born June 29, 1832, in Turin,
Italy. In 1848 he took part in the Italian
war against Austria,
and was promoted to
; second lieutenant on
the field at Novara
in 1849. He was
graduated from the
military academy at
Cheraseo, fought in
the Crimean war,
and emigrated to
America in 1860. He
served with distinc
tion in the civil war,
and was sent as
t'nited States consul to Cyprus, where he
remained for eleven years. Ou his return
to America the consulate-general of Ha
vana was offered him, but he abandoned
the consul service and accepted the ap
pointment as director of the Metropolitan
Museum of Art, a place which he has oc
cupied ever since with distinction. He is
the author -of Cyprus, its Ancient Cities,
Tombs and Temples; Tne Metropolitan
Museum of Art; and other works.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
203
CESSNA, JOHN, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in Bedford
county, Pa. In 1849 he was elected to the
state legislature, and on being re-elected
was made speaker. In 1861 he was again
elected to the legislature, and again made
speaker. He was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to tne forty-first and
forty-third congresses.
CHACE, JONATHAN, manufacturer,
state senator, congressman, United States
senator, was born Sept. 22, 1829, in Fall
River, Mass. He was a member of the
state senate of Rhode Island in 1876 and
1877; and was elected a representative
from Rhode Island to the forty-seventh
and forty-eighth congresses. In 1885 he
was elected a United States senator to fill
a vacancy, and served during 1887-89.
CHADBOURNE, PAUL ANSEL, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Oct. 21, 1823, in North Berwick, Maine.
He was a congregational clergyman, who
was president of Williams college in 1872-
81, and was the author of Relations of
Natural History to Intellect. Taste,
Wealth, and Religion; Natural Theology;
Instinct in Animals and Men; Strength of
Men and Stability of Nations; The Hope
of the Righteous; and The Public Serv
ices of the State of New York. He died
Feb. 23, 1883, in New York city.
CHADWICK, GEORGE W., musician,
was born Nov. 13, 1854, in Lowell, Mass.
His overture. Rip Van Winkle, was per
formed at the Handel and Haydn festival
in Boston in 1880, and his symphony in
C in 1882, at a concert of the Harvard
musical association.
CHADWICK, HENRY, the father of
baseball, was born in 1824, in New Hamp
shire. He is an authority on games and
sports; and known as the father of base
ball. He is the author of Base Ball Play
ers' Book of Reference; Base Ball, How
to Learn, Play and Teach It; Base Ball
Manual; and Sports and Pastimes of
American Boys.
CHADWICK, JOHN WHITE, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 19, 1840, in
Marblehead, Mass. He is a Unitarian
clergyman of Brooklyn, prominent among
the more radical thinkers of his denomi
nation. He is the author of The Man
Jesus; The Faith of Reason; The Bible of
To-day; Old and New Unitarian Belief;
The Power of an Endless Life; The Rev
elation of God, and Other Sermons;
Thomas Paine: the Method and Value of
his Religious Teachings; George William
Curtis: an Address; A Book of Poems;
and In Nazareth Town, and Other Poems.
CHADWICK, LAWRENCE C., clergy
man, was born July 20, 1858, in Chautau-
qua county, N. Y. He graduated from the
Cornell university; and has attained suc
cess as a baptist clergyman. He has
traveled extensively in Mexico, West In
dies, Central and South America, Europe
and Africa. For twelve years he has
been a member of the public school board
of White Pigeon, Mich., and is its di
rector.
CHADWICK. STEPHEN F.. lawyer,
jurist, governor. United States senator,
was born Dec. 25, 1828, in Middletown,
Conn. He was a member of the state
constitutional convention; at different
periods was a probate and county judge;
and was a presidential elector in 1864
and 1868. He was secretary of state from
1870 to 1878, two terms: became governor
in 1877, and, to fill a vacancy, became
United States senator. He died in Janu
ary, 1S95, in Salem, Ore.
CHADWICK, WINFIELD SCOTT, rail
road president, was born March 18, 1848,
in Beaufort, N. C. Since 1889 he has been
president of the Atlantic and North Caro
lina railroad.
CHAFFEE, ARTHUR BILLINGS, cler
gyman, educator, college president, was
born June 19, 1852, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He attended Princeton university, 1874-
76, and Rochester Theological seminary
1877-79. He filled the chair of Latin in
Franklin college, Ind., in 1879-89. In 1889
he entered the ministry; and in 1896 be
came president of Central university of
Iowa.
CHAFFEE, CALVIN C., congressman,
was born Aug. 28, 1811, in Saratoga, N. Y.
He, was elected a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts to the thirty-
fourth and thirty-fifth congresses; in 1859
was appointed librarian of the house of
representatives.
CHAFFEE, ELMER ASAHEL, farmer,
lawyer, was born April 5, 1849, in Stock
holm, N. Y. He has attained success as
an able lawyer of Anthony, N. M. He
has filled the office of county attorney in
Nolan county, Texas; and various other
public offices of honor. He has written
extensively for law journals and the
periodical press generally.
CHAFFEE, JAMES FRANKLIN, cler
gyman, was born Nov. 5, 1827, in Middle-
bury, N. Y. He has been presiding elder
of the Winona district since 1887, until
one year ago, when he was appointed to
the Minneapolis district to commence his
third term. For the last five years he
has been president of the board of trus
tees of Hamlin university, and is also
president of Asbury hospital of Minne
apolis, Minn.
CHAFFEE, JEROME BUNTY, miner,
congressman, United States senator, was
born April 17, 1825, in Niagara county,
N. Y. He served in the legislature of
Colorado in 1861-63; and served as speak
er of the house. In 1865 he was elected
as United States senator; was elected to
the forty-second and two succeeding con
gresses as delegate from the territory of
Colorado; and in 1876 was elected United
States senator from that state for the
short term, ending in 1879. He died March
9, 1886, in Salem Centre, N. Y.
CHAFFIN, WILLIAM ELMER, educat
or, was born Nov. 18, 1862, in Claremont,
N. H. He graduated from the Stevens
high school in 1882, and from Dartmouth
college in 1886. He has been principal of
grammar schools in several large cities,
and since 1890 has been superintendent of
schools of towns of Dennis and Yar
mouth, Mass.
CHAFIN, EUGENE W., lawyer, author,
was born Nov. 1, 1852, in East Troy, Wis.
He attended the common schools of his
native county, and in 1875 graduated from
the Wisconsin State university. He has
attained prominence as an able lawyer of
Waukesha, Wis., where he has taken an
active part in the public affairs of his
county and state. He is the author of a
work entitled Lives of the Presidents, the
subject matter of which, by his permis
sion, has been incorporated into the pages
of this work. For four years he was
grand chief templar of the Wisconsin In
dependent Order of Good Templars; and
is a prominent member of various other
fraternal orders.
CHAILLE-LONG, CHARLES, explorer,
author, was born in 1843, in Maryland.
He is an African explorer of French par
entage, and the author of Central Africa;
I
the Three Prophets, Gordon, the Mahdi,
and Arabi.
CHAILLE, STANFORD EMERSON, A.
M., M. D., medical educator, was born
July 9, 1830, in Natchez, Miss. He was
^^^^^^^^^^^^ educated under pri-
••^^^^•••B vate tutors until his
mother's death in
1844. He then en
tered Phillip's acad-
e m y, graduating
j therefrom three
I years later; and in
! 1851 graduated from
^^^- Harvard college. In
^^^ ^^^B 1S53 '"' graduated
^M9^H I from the medical
| department of the
university of Louis
iana, now known as the Tulane university
of Louisiana; in which- institution he is
now dean and professor of the medical
department, and since 1851 has held many
other official medical positions. During
the war he was a private in the New Or
leans light horse, was acting surgeon-
general of Louisiana, and was promoted
to surgeon and medical inspector of the
army of the Tennessee. His contribu
tions to medical literature were begun in
1853, and have been numerous since that
time. His principal works are Yellow
Fever in Havana and Cuba; Laws of Pop
ulation and Voters; Living, Dying, Regis
tering, and Voting Population of Louisi
ana; Intimidation of Voters in Louisiana;
and Origin and Progress of Medical Juris
prudence, 1776-1876.
CHALMERS, JAMES RONALD, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, was born June 11.
1831, in Halifax county, Va., is the son of
Joseph W. Chalmers,
•••••••^•i a noted United
States senator from
Mississippi. He re
moved to Mississip
pi; attended school
at Holly Springs,
and graduated at
the South Carolina
college in 1851;
studied law and was
admitted to the bar
in 1853; was elected
district attorney of
the seventh judicial district of Mississippi
in 1858; was a member of the secession
convention of Mississippi in 1861; was
promoted brigadier-general in 1862; and
was transferred to the cavalry service in
1863. He surrendered in May, 1865, in
command of the first division of Forrest's
cavalry army corps, composed of Arm
strong's, Adams' and Stark's brigades.
General Chalmers was a member of the
state senate of Mississippi in 1876 and
1877; was elected to the forty-fifth con
gress, and was re-elected to the forty-
sixth congress as a democrat, and re-
elected to the forty-seventh and forty-
eighth congresses as a democrat. He
died in 1898.
CHALMERS, JOSEPH W., lawyer,
United States senator, was born in 1807,
in Halifax county, Va. In 1846 he was
appointed from Mississippi to a seat in
the United States senate to fill a vacancy;
served the remainder 8f the term, but,
declining a re-election, and was succeeded
by Jefferson Davis. He died in June,
1853, in Holly Springs, Miss.
CHALMERS, LIONEL, physician, au
thor, was born in 1715 in Scotland. He
was a noted physician of Charleston, and
the author of Treatise on the Weather
and Diseases of South Carolina; and Es
say on Fevers. He died in 1777, in Char
leston, S. C.
2«4
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA Of AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CHALMERS, THOMAS, manufacturer,
inventor, was born in 1815, in Scotland.
In 1871 the firm of Fraser and Chalmers
started. He invented and patented im
proved machines for milling, smelting
and refining ores, which soon came into
general demand, bringing to their works
in Chicago an immense business.
CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., manufac
turer, was born July 10, 1852, in Chicago,
and is a son of Thomas Chalmers. In
1871, when Fraser and Chalmers suc
ceeded to the Eagle works, William J.
Chalmers took charge of the finances
and has since steadily risen through in
termediate grades to the presidency of
the concern. He is a director in the Com
mercial National bank and the Field
Columbian museum of Chicago, 111.
CHAMBERLAIN, D. H., soldier, law
yer, governor, was born June 23, 1835, in
West Brookfield, Mass. He served in the
fifth Massachusetts cavalry from 1863 to
1865; and settled in Charleston, S. C., in
1866. He was elected attorney-general of
the state in 1868; and in 1874 was elected
governor of South Carolina.
CHAMBERLAIN, EBENEZER M., con
gressman, was born in Maine. He was a
representative in congress from Indiana
from 1853 to 1855.
CHAMBERLAIN, HIRAM S., railroad
president, was born Aug. 6, 1835, in
Franklin, Ohio. He is the president of
the Belt railroad of Chattanooga.
CHAMBERLAIN, JACOB, missionary,
author, was born in 1835, in Connecticut.
He is a Reformed Dutch missionary to
India; and The Bible Tested is his most
important work.
CHAMBERLAIN, JACOB P., congress
man, was born in Massachusetts. He was
a representative from New York to the
thirty-seventh congress.
CHAMBERLAIN. JOHN C., congress
man, was born in 1772. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1809 to 1811. He died Dec. 8, 1834, in
Utica, N. Y.
CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAW
RENCE, soldier, educator, college presi
dent, governor, was born Sept. 8, 1828, in
Brewer, Maine. In 1856-62 he was pro
fessor of rhetoric in Bowdoin college;
and in 1857 professor of modern lan
guages. In 1861 enlisted in the civil war,
and in 1864 attained the rank of briga
dier-general. In 1866 he became gov
ernor of Maine, and in 1871 he became
president of Bowdoin college.
CHAMBERLAIN, NATHAN HENRY,
clergyman, author, was born in 1830. in
Massachusetts. He is an episcopal cler
gyman of Massachusetts, whose principal
writings include The Autobiography of a
New England Farm House; Samuel Sew-
ell and the World He Lived In; and The
Sphinx in Aubrey Parish.
CHAMBERLAIN. SELAH, railroad
builder, was born May 14, 1812, in Brat-
tleborough, Vt. The construction of the
lines of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St.
Paul system gave him a large amount of
work. In 1871 he began building the
Lake Shore and Tuscarawas Valley, now
the Cleveland, Lorain and Wheeling rail
road, and was its* president at his deain.
He died Dec. 27, 1890, in Cleveland, Ohio.
CHAMBERLAIN, v.iLLIAM, jurist,
congressman. He was a presidential
elector in 1801; was a representative in
congress from Vermont from 1803 to 1805,
and again from 1809 to 1811; and was a
state councilor from 1796 to 1803. He
served five years In the state legislature;
was lieutenant-governor of Vermont from
1813 to 1815; and was chief Justice of a
state court from 1801 to 1803, and in 1814.
CHAMBERLAYNE, ISRAEL, clergy
man, author, was born in 1795, in New
York. He was the author of Past and
the Future; The Australian Captive; Sav
ing Faith: its Rationale; and The Great
Specific Against Despair of Pardon.
CHAMBERLIN, EDWARD PAYSON,
merchant, was born Sept. 16, 1832, in
Parishville, N. Y. In 1866 he moved to
Atlanta, Ga., and organized the dry goods
firm of Chamberlin, Cole and Boynton.
He was a member, of the city council in
1876-77; and director of a number of
prosperous corporations of Atlanta, Ga.
CHAMBERLIN, FRANKLIN, lawyer,
author, was born April 14, 1821, in Dai-
ton, Mass. He is a successful lawyer of
Hartford, Conn.; and in 1870 published
a work on American commercial law. .
CHAMBERLIN, HUMPHREY BARK
ER, capitalist, philanthropist, was born
Feb. 7, 1847, in England. In 1881 he was
president of the shoe manufacturing com
pany of Denver, Colo.; in 1889 president
of the Beaver Brook water company; and
is also the president of the Denver, Colo
rado Canon and Pacific Railroad com
pany. He has donated large sums of
money to university extensions, and the
erection of a number of churches.
CHAMBERLIN, JEKIEL WESTON,
physician, was born Oct. 28, 1857, at Rock
Falls, Wis. He is oculist and aurist on
the staff of St. Luke's hospital; the city
and county hospital; and the Babies'
Home in St. Paul, Minn.
CHAMBERLIN, JOSEPH EDGAR,
journalist, author, was born in 1851, in
Vermont. He is a Boston journalist on
the staffs of the Transcript and the
Youth's Companion; and the author of
The Listener in the Town; and The List
ener in the Country.
CHAMBERLIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE,
soldier, educator, college president, gov
ernor, was born Sept. 8, 1828, in Bangor,
Maine. He was professor of Bowdoin
college from 1855 to 1862, when he was
appointed lieutenant-colonel of the twen
tieth Maine infantry, and was brevetted
major-general. His command received
the formal surrender of the arms and col
ors of Lee's army. He resumed his pro
fessorship of modern languages in 1865;
and in 1871 was elected president of Bow
doin college. He was governor of Maine
from 1866 to 1870.
CHAMBERLIN, THOMAS CHROW-
DER. geologist, author, was born Sept.
25, 1843, in Mattoon, 111. He is a promi
nent geologist of Wisconsin; and the au
thor of Outline of a Course of Oral In
struction; and Geology of Wisconsin.
CHAMBERS, CHARLES JULIUS, jour
nalist, author, was born Nov. 21, 1850, in
Bellefontaine, Ohio. He is a journalist
long connected with the New York Her
ald. He is the author of A Mad World
and its Inhabitants, a description of luna
tic asylums founded on the author's per
sonal experience in one in disguise; On
a Margin, a Story of These Times; and
Lovers Four and Maidens Five, a Story.
CHAMBERS, DAVID, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1780, in Allentown, Pa.
He was elected state printer; and when
the seat of government was removed to
Columbus, he was appointed secretary of
the senate. During the years 1812 and
1813 he was aid-de-camp to General Cass;
and was a representative in congress
from Ohio from 1821 to 1823. He subse
quently served a number of years in the
state legislature of Ohio; was speaker in
1844; was a member of the constitutional
convention of 1851 ; and was also elected
mayor of Zanesville. He died Aug. 8,
1864, in Zanesville, Ohio.
CHAMBERS, EZEKIEI, F., soldier,
jurist, United States senator, was born
Feb. 28, 1788, in Kent county, Md. He
was elected to the state senate against his
will. He was a senator in congress from
Maryland from 1826 to 1834. In 1834 he
was appointed chief judge of the second
judicial district, and a judge of the court
of appeals, which offices he held until
1851. In 1864 he was the democratic
candidate for governor of Maryland, fae
died Jan. 30, 1867, in Chestertown, Md.
CHAMBERS, GEORGE, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1(86, in Chambers-
burg, Pa. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1833 to-
1837; was then elected a delegate to the
Pennsylvania constitutional convention;
and in 1851 was appointed a justice of the
supreme court of the state. He died
March 25, 1866, in Chambersburg, Pa.
CHAMBERS, HENRY, United States
senator, was born in 17SF,. He was a sen
ator in congress from Alabama from 1825-
to 1826. He died Jan. 25, 1826, in Meck
lenburg county, Va.
CHAMBERS, JOHN, jurist, was born
about 1710. He was a member of the
executive council in 1754, and attend£d
as one of the commissioners the congress
at Albany in that year. He was soon af
terward appointed judge, and still later
became the chief justice of New York.
He died April 10, 1765, in New York.
CHAMBERS, JOHN, lawyer, congress
man, governor, was born Dec. 4, 1779, in.
New Jersey. He was appointed governor
of the territory of
Iowa by President
Harrison, manifest
ing great ability and
prudence in his in
tercourse with the
Indians, and was ap
pointed by President.
Taylor a commis
sioner to make a
treaty with the
Sioux Indians. He
was a member of
congress from Ken
tucky from 1827 to 1829, and again from
1835 to 1839. He died Sept. 21, 1852, near
Paris, Ky.
CHAMBERS, JOHN WESLEY, clergy
man, college president, was born May 17,.
1857, at Toms River, N. J. He has at
tained eminence as a clergyman of the
methodist episcopal church south, was
financial agent of Millsaps college of
Jackson, Miss.; and is now president of
Whitworth Female college of Brook-
haven, Miss.
CHAMBERS, JULIUS, journalist, au
thor, was born Nov. 21, 1850, in Bellefon
taine, Ohio. He is the author of A Mad
World; On a Margin; Lovers Four and
Maidens Three; The Human Comedy of
Balzac; and Missing.
CHAMBERS, ROBERT CRAIG, miner,
financier, state senator, was born Jan. 16,
1832, in Lexington, Ohio. He is president
of the Daly Mining Co., now engaged in
working the Daly mine, near Park City,
Utah; and is also largely interested in the
Excelsior and Diamond mines of Eureka.
Nev. He is a principal owner of the Salt
Lake City Street Railway company^ He
was elected a state senator in 1896.
CHAMBERS, ROBERT WILLIAM, ar
tist, author, was born in 1865, in Ixmg
Island. He is a novelist and artist of
New York city, and the author of In the
Quarter; The King in Yellow; The Red
Republic; The Maker of Moons; The
Mystery of Choice; A King and a Few
Dukes; and With the Band, a book of
ballads.
HERRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
205
CHAMBERS, TALBOT WILSON, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 25, 1819, in
Carlisle, Pa. He was a noted reformed
Dutch clergyman of New York city, and
the author of The Noon Prayer Meeting
in Fulton Street; Memoir of Theodore
Frelinghuysen; The Psalter a Witness to
the Divine Origin of the Bible; and Com
panion to the Revised Version of the Old
Testament. He died in 1896.
CHAMBLISS, JOHN RANDOLPH, sol
dier, was born Jan. 23, 1833, in Hicksford,
Va. He joined the confederate army at
the beginning of the civil war as colonel
•of an infantry regiment, and afterward
became colonel of the thirteenth Virginia
cavalry. He was subsequently made a"
brigadier-general, and was killed in ac
tion while leading a brigade of cavalry.
He died Aug. 16, 1864, in Deep Bottom,
Va.
CHAMPE, JOHN, revolutionary soldier,
was born in 1752, in Virginia. He en
tered the army in 1'itS, and served
through the revolutionary war as ser
geant-major. He died in Kentucky.
CHAMPION, EPAPHRODITUS, con
gressman, was born in 1757. He was a
representative in congress from Connecti
cut from 1807 to 1817. He died Nov. 22,
1835, in East Haddam, Conn.
CHAMPLIN, CHRISTOPHER E., law-
.yer, state senator, was born Sept. 24, 1860,
in New Shoreham, R. I. He was admitted
to the Suffolk county bar in 1884, and
subsequently to the Rhode Island bar,
where he has since practiced law. He
has been senator since 1890.
CHAMPLIN, CHRISTOPHER GRANT,
banker, congressman, United States sen
ator, was born April 12, 1768, in Newport,
R. I. He was a member of congress from
Rhode Island from 1797 to 1801; and a
•senator of the United States from 1809 to
1811. He died March 28, 1840, in New
port, R. I.
CHAMPLIN, GEORGE, merchant, was
horn in 1738. He was a merchant of New
port, R. I.; an officer of the revolution;
member of the continental congress from
1785 to 1786, and of the convention that
adopted the federal constitution. He died
in 1809.
CHAMPLIN, JAMES TIFFT, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
June 9, 1811, in Colchester, Conn. He is
a baptist clergyman of Portland, Maine,
and president of Colby university in 1857-
73. He was the author of First Princi
ples of Ethics; Lessons on Political Econ
omy; Text-Book of Intellectual Philoso
phy; Scripture Reading Lessons; The
Constitution of the United States, with
Brief Comments; and a series of classical
text-books. He died March 15, 1882, in
Portland, Maine.
CHAMPLIN, JOHN DENISON, author,
was born Jan. 29, 1834, in Stonington,
Conn. He is the author of Young Folks'
Cyclopaedia of Common Things; Young
Folks' Cyclopaedia of Persons and Places;
Young Folks' History of the War for the
Union; Young Folks' Catechism of Com
mon Things; Young Folks' Cyclopaedia of
Games and Sports; Young Folks Astrono
my; Chronicle of the Coach: Charing
Cross to Ilfracombe. With W. F. Ap-
thorp, he has edited Cyclopaedia of Music
and Musicians, and with C. C. Perkins,
:a Cyclopaedia of Painters and Paintings.
CHAMPLIN, JOHN W., lawyer, jurist,
was born Feb. 17, 1831, in Kingston, N.
Y. He received an academical education;
practiced civil engineering for awhile;
and in 1855 began the practice of law in
Grand Rapids, Mich. In 1857 he drew up
•the revised city charter of Grand Rap
ids, and has been recorder, attorney, and
mayor of that city. In 1884 he was elect
ed for eight years as justice of the su
preme court of Michigan; and was chief
justice in 1890-91. During 1891-97 he was
professor of law in the university of
Michigan, lecturing on corporations and
torts.
CHAMPLIN, STEPHEN, naval officer,
was born Nov. 17, 1789, in South King
ston, R. I. He was a commodore in the
United States navy. He died Feb. 20,
1870, in Buffalo, N. Y.
CHAMPLIN, STEPHEN GARDNER,
soldier, lawyer, was born July 1, 1827, in
Kingston, N. Y. He was a noted lawyer;
recorder of the city of Grand Rapids,
Mich., and served as prosecuting attorney
of Kent county. In April, 1861, he be
came major in the third regiment Michi
gan volunteers; was commissioned colo
nel in October of the same year; and in
1862 became a brigadier-general. He died
Jan. 24, 1864, from wounds received at
Fair Oaks, Va.
CHAMPNEY, MRS. ELIZABETH, au
thor, was born in 1850, in Ohio. She is a
popular New York writer for young peo
ple, and wife of the artist, J. Wells
Champney, who has illustrated many of
her books. She is the author of The
Three Vassar Girls Series; The Witch
Winnie Books; The Bubbling Teapot;
Howling Wolf and his Trick-Pony; All
Around a Palette; Children's Art Sketch
es; In the Sky Garden; Fables in Astron
omy, and other juveniles; and the novels,
Bourbon Lilies; Sebia's Tangled Web;
and Rosemary and Rue.
CHAMPNEY, JAMES VvELLS, soldier,
painter, was born July 16, 1843. in Bos
ton, Mass. In 1863 he served a short time
in the forty-fifth Massachusetts volun
teers, and later taught drawing in Lex
ington, Mass. In 1876 he built a studio in
Deerfield, Mass., where he has since spent
most of his summers, his winter studio
being in New York city. His works in
clude Which is Umpire; Sear Leaf (1874);
and Not so Ugly as He Looks.
CHAMPNEYS, BENJAMIN, lawyer, ju
rist, legislator, was born in January,
1800, in Bridgeton, N. J. He was attor
ney-general of his state, and a member of
both houses of the state legislature. He
died Aug. 9, 1871, in Lancaster, Pa.
CHANCELLOR, CHARLES WIL
LIAMS, physician, author, was born Feb.
19, 1833, in Spottsylvania county, Va. He
is an eminent physician of Baltimore,
and the author of Prisons, Reformatories,
and Charitable Institutions of Maryland;
Mineral Waters and Seaside Resorts;
Contagious and Infectious Diseases;
Drainage of the Marsh Lands of Mary
land; Heredity; and The Sewerage of
Cities.
CHANCELLOR, EUSTATHIUS, physi
cian, author. In 1878 he was appointed
assistant resident physician in the uni
versity hospital of Maryland; in 1885 was
founder of the Beaumont Hospital Medi
cal college; and is the author of Re
searches Upon the Treatment of Delirium
Tremens and numerous other works.
CHANDLER, CHARLES HENRY, sol
dier, journalist, author, was born Aug. 25,
3840, in Prescott, Mass. He served in the
thirty-first Massachusetts infantry. He
was connected with the Springfield Repub
lican, and later with the Boston Herald as
an editorial writer. He published At
tractions of Northampton. He died Jan.
4, 1885, in Boston, Mass.
CHANDLER, CHARLES HENRY, ed
ucator, was born Oct. 25, 1840, in New
Ipswich. N. H. From 1871 till 1877 he
was professor of physics and chemistry,
and from 1877 till 1881 professor of math
ematics and physics at Antioch college,
Yellow Springs, Ohio. In 1881 he was ap
pointed to the chair of chemistry and
physics at Ripon, Wis., college, and in
1883 was transferred to the professorship
of mathematics and physics.
CHANDLER, ELIZABETH MARGA
RET, was born Dec. 24, 1807, in Wilming
ton, Del. She was a poetess whose themes
were mainly those relating to the sub
ject of anti-slavery, in which she was
greatly interested. She received a prize
for her poem entitled The Slave-Ship.
She died Nov. 22, 1834, in Michigan.
CHANDLER, JOHN, soldier, states
man, was born in 1760, in Maine, when a
part of Massachusetts, representing it in
the state senate from 1803 to 1805, and in
congress from 1805 to 1808. In 1812 he
was appointed brigadier-general, and
took an active part in the Canadian cam
paign. He was elected to the United
States senate in 1820, being one of the
first two senators from Maine after its
separation from Massachusetts, serving
until 1829. In 1829 he was appointed col
lector of the port of Portland, serving
until 1837. He died Sept. 25, 1841, in Au
gusta, Maine.
CHANDLER, JOSEPH RIPLEY, jour
nalist, diplomat, congressman, author,
was born Aug. 25, 1792, in Kingston,
Mass. He was a rep
resentative in con
gress from Pennsyl
vania from 1849 to
1855; and in 1858
was appointed, by
President Buchan
an, minister to Na
ples. After his re
turn he became ed
itor of the Philadel
phia North Ameri
can. In 1821 he pub
lished a Grammar of
the English Language, and subsequently
a large number of Essays and Addresses
on subjects connected with Social Life
and Literature. He died July 10, 1880, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
CHANDLER, OLIVER PHELPS, law
yer, banker, legislator, was born May 29,
1807, in Peacham, Vt. He was a member
of the Vermont state house of represent
atives for five years, and state senator
for three years. From 1847 to 1868 he
was the president of the Woodstock bank,
and has held various important positions
of honor in his state.
CHANDLER, PELEG WHITMAN, law
yer, journalist, legislator, author, was
born April 13, 1816, in New Gloucester,
Maine. In 1834 he
graduated from
Bowdoin college;
and in 1837 was ad
mitted to the bar in
Boston, Mass. In
1838 he established
The Law Reporter,
which he conducted
for ten years. In
1841 he published
the first volume of a
work called Ameri
can Criminal Trials,
and a second volume appeared in 1844. He
served as a member of the common coun
cil of Boston, and in 1844-45 was its
president. In 1845-47 he served with dis
tinction as a member of the Massachu
setts state legislature. During 1846-53 he
was city solicitor of Boston; and in 1854
was a member of the executive council of
Massachusetts. He died in 1889, in Bos
ton, Mass.
206
HERRINQ8HAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CHANDLER, SAMUEL, soldier, state
legislator, was born in 1794, in Massachu
setts. After being a member of both
branches of the legislature, he was, in
1840, elected sheriff of Middlesex, and held
that office until 1855. He was also ma
jor-general of the state militia for many
years. He died July 20, 1867, in Lexing
ton, Mass.
CHANDLER, THOMAS, soldier, con
gressman, was born Aug. 10, 1772, in
Bedford, N. H. He was a justice of the
quorum in 1808; and a captain of militia
in 1815. He was a member of the New
Hampshire legislature in 1827; and a rep
resentative in congress from his native
state from 1829 to 1833. His brother, John
Chandler, was also in congress, and he
was the uncle of the senator, Zachariah
Chandler. He died Jan. 28, 186C, in Bed
ford, N. H.
CHANDLER, W. T., physician, poet,
was born Dec. 12, 1852, in Campbellsville,
Ky. This prominent physician is the au
thor of a volume of poems entitled Rus
tic Rhymes.
CHANDLER, WILLIAM EATON, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Dec. 28, 1835, in Concord, N. H. Dur
ing 1862-64 he was
a member of the
New Hampshire
house of representa
tives, and served as
its speaker during
the last two years.
In 18G5 he became
solicitor and judge
advocate general of
the navy depart
ment; and was sub
sequently appointed
first assistant secre
tary of the treasury. In 1881 he was again
a member of the state legislature; and
in 1882-85 was secretary of the navy. In
1887 he was elected to the United States
senate to fill a vacancy, and was re-elect
ed to the same office for term expiring in
1901. He resides in Concord, N. H., and
his portrait hangs in the Library build
ing of the state capitol.
CHANDLER, WILLIAM HENRY,
chemist, was born Dec. 13, 1841, in New
Bedford. Mass. In 1871 he became pro
fessor of chemistry at Lehigh university,
and in 1878 was made director of the li
brary. In 1876 he was a juror at the Phil
adelphia centennial exhibition, and in
1878 at the Paris exhibition. His con
tributions to chemical literature have ap
peared principally in the American Chem
ist, of which from 1870 till 1877 he and his
brother, Charles F. Chandler, were ed
itors.
CHANDLER, ZACHARIAH, statesman,
was born Dec. 10, 1813, in Bedford, N. H.
He was mayor of Detroit, Mich., in 1851;
was elected a senator in congress, from
Michigan, to succeed Senator Cass, tak
ing his seat in the thirty-fifth congress;
and was re-elected to the senate in 1863,
for the term ending in 1869. He was also
a delegate to the Philadelphia loyalists'
convention of 1866; and re-elected to the
senate for the term ending in 1875. In
1875 he was appointed secretary of the in
terior; served In that capacity until
March, 1877; and In 1879 was elected
United States senator, to fill a vacancy.
He died Nov. 1, 1879, in Chicago, 111.
CHANEY, GEORGE LEONARD, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1826, in Mas
sachusetts. He is a Unitarian clergyman,
and pastor in Atlanta, Ga., where he ed
ited the Southern Unitarian in 1893-96.
He was the founder of the Church of Our
Father in Atlanta. He is the author of
F. Grant and Co., a story for boys; Tom,
a Home Story; Aloha, travels in the
Sandwich Islands; Every Day Life and
Every Day Morals; and Belief.
CHANEY, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was a representa
tive in congress from Ohio from 1833 to
1839.
CHANEY, LUCIEN WEST, educator,
biologist, author, was born June 26, 1857,
in Hamilton, N. Y. He is a naturalist,
professor of biology in Carleton college,
Minnesota, since 1882, and is the author
of Guides for the Laboratory.
CHANFRAU, FRANK, actor, was born
Feb. 22, 1824, in New York city. As Kit,
in The Arkansas Traveller, first given in
Buffalo, in 1869, he achieved the most
enduring success of his professional ca
reer, and in this character he appeared
continuously for thirteen years. He died
Oct. 2, 1884.
CHANLER, AMELIE RIVES, author,
was born Aug. 23, 1863, in Richmond, Va.
In 1888 she published her first novel, en
titled The Quick or the Dead; and in 1891
published According to St. John. She is
the author of several poems, the most no
table of which is Asmodeus, Son of Bel.
CHANLER, JOHN WINTHROP, con
gressman, was born in 1826, in New York
city. He was a member of the New
York assembly in 1859 and I860, and de
clined a renomination. In 1862 he was
ejected a representative from New York
to the thirty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-ninth and fortieth
congresses as a democrat.
CHANNING, EDWARD, educator, au
thor, was born June 15, 1856, in Boston,
Mass. He has been a professor of history
at Harvard university since 1883; and is
the author of Guide to the Study of Amer
ican History; Town and County Govern
ment of the English Colonies of North
America; Narragansett Planters; and
The United States of America.
CHANNING, EDWARD TYRREL, edu
cator, author, was born Dec. 12, 1790, in
Newport, R. I. He was a professor of
rhetoric and oratory at Harvard universi
ty; and was the author of Life of Wil
liam Ellery; and Lectures on Rhetoric
and Oratory. He died Feb. 8, 1856, in
Cambridge, Mass.
CHANNING, WALiER, educator, phy
sician, author, was born April 15, 1786, in
Newport, R. I. He was a physician of
prominence in Boston for many years,
and medical professor in Harvard univer
sity. He was the author of The Preven
tion of Pauperism; Etherization in Child
birth; Professional Reminiscences of For
eign Travel; New and Old; Miscellaneous
Poems; A Physician's Vacation, or A
Summer in Europe; and Reformation of
Medical Science. He died July 27, 1876,
in Boston, Mass.
CHANNING, WILLIAM ELLERY, cler
gyman, author, was born April 7, 1780. in
Newport, R. I. He was a Unitarian theo
logian of eminenqe, who became pastor of
the Federal street church in Boston in
1803. He was the foremost theologian in
America in his time, and his influence is
still great. He wrote upon philanthropic
and social as well as religious and ethical
questions, and was a noted opponent of
slavery. His writings have been trans
lated into French, Italian, German, Ice
landic, Russian, and Hungarian. Evi
dences of Revealed Religion; Self-Cul
ture. He is the author of Essay on Mil
ton; and The Duty of the Free States, are
among his most notable works. He died
Oct. 2, 1842, in Bennington, Vt.
CHANNING, WILLIAM ELLERY, au
thor, poet, was born June 10, 1818, in Bos
ton, Mass. He is the author of The Wan
derer; Near Home; Eliot; and John
Brown. Thoreau, the Poet Naturalist;
and Conversations in Rome between an
Artist, a Catholic, and a Critic, are prose
volumes.
CHANNING, WILLIAM FRANCIS,
physician, scientist, inventor, author, was
born Feb. 22, 1820, in Boston, Mass. He
is the author of Davis' Manual of Magnet
ism; Medical Application of Electric
ity; and The American Fire Alarm Tele
graph.
CHAPELLE, PLACIDUS L., archbish
op, was born Aug. 28, 1842, in France. In
1859 he emigrated to America, and fin
ished his theological studies at the St.
Mary's seminary of Baltimore, Md. In
1865 he was ordained priest; was rector
of a church at Rockville. Mo., for five
years; and then rector of St. Joseph's
church of Baltimore until 1882. From
that time he was rector of St. Matthew's
church of Washington, D. C., until 1891.
He was then appointed assistant bishop
of New Mexico, and in 1894 became the
third archbishop of Santa Fe.
CHAPIN, AARON LUCIUS, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Feb. 6, 1817, in Hartford, Conn. He was
a congregational clergyman of Wiscon
sin, who was president of Beloit college
in 1849-86. He was the author of First
Principles of Political Economy. He died
in 1892.
CHAPIN, ALFRED CLARK, congress
man, was born March 8, 1848. in Hadley,
Mass. In 1887 he was elected mayor of
Brooklyn; and in 1891 was chosen to rep
resent his district in the fifty -second con
gress.
CHAPIN, ALONZO BOWEN, clergy
man, author, was born March 10, 1808, in
Somers, Conn. He was an episcopal cler
gyman of Hartford; and the author of
Classical Spelling-Book; Organization
and Order of the Primitive Church;
Views of Gospel Truth; Glastonbury for
200 Years; and Puritanism not Protest
antism. He died July 9, 1858, in Hart
ford, Conn.
CHAPIN, BELA, journalist, author,
poet, was born Feb. 19, 1829, in Newport,
N. H. He was a printer, and in 1866 be
came proprietor of
the Dartmouth
printing and book
binding establish
ment in Hanover,
N. H. In 1882 h*
edited and publish
ed Poets of New
Hampshire, a very
valuable collection.
He has contributed
numerous poems to.
current publica
tions; and has made
a translation in verse of Virgil's Eclogues.
He is the proprietor of the Granby Brook
fruit and dairy farm of Claremont, N. H. ;
and has a library of two thousand vol
umes of standard works.
CHAPIN, EDWIN HUBBELL, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 29, 1814, In
Union Village, N. Y. He was a unlver-
salist clergyman of New York city, long
the foremost preacher in his denomina
tion. He is the author of The Crown of
Thorns; Humanity in the City; Chris
tianity the Perfection of True Manliness;
Moral Aspects of City Life; Discourses
on the Lord's Prayer; Hours of Commun
ion; Token for the Sorrowing; and Char
acters in the Gospels. He died Dec. 27,
1880, in New York city.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
207
CHAPIN, GRAHAM H., congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New York
from 1835 to 1837. He died in 1843.
CHAPIN, HENRY, lawyer, state legis
lator, was born May 13, 1811, in Upton,
Mass. In 1858 he was appointed judge of
the court of probate and insolvency. For
many years he was a member of the state
board of education; also one of the trus
tees of the state lunatic asylum in Wor
cester, and a director of the city national
bank. He was president of the American
Unitarian association during several
terms, and a member of the council of the
national conference. He died Oct. 13, 1891,
in Worcester, Mass.
CHAPIN, HENRY AUSTIN, capitalist,
was born Oct. 15, 1813, in Leyden, Mass.
To Mr. Chapin belongs the fee of the land
on the upper peninsula of Michigan,
upon which the Chapin iron mine is now
being operated. A royalty is paid for
every ton of ore taken out, and, it is said,
Mr. Chapin's revenue from that source
has sometimes amounted to between
$100,000 and $300,000 a year.
CHAPIN, JAMES HENRY, educator,
clergyman, author, was born in 1832, in
Indiana. He was a universalist clergy
man and educator, and professor of ge
ology in St. Lawrence university in 1871-
92. He was the author of Sketches of the
Huguenots; The Creation and Early De
velopment of Mankind; and From Japan
to Granada, a Tour Around the World.
He died in 1892.
CHAPIN, STEPHEN, educator, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Nov. 4, 1778, in Milford, Mass. In 1828 he
was called to the presidency of Colum
bian college, Washington, D. C., an office
which he held until 1841, when he retired
on account of declining health. A few
published sermons, tracts, and essays are
all that remain to show his ability and
culture. Among these are Letters on the
Mode and Subjects of Baptism; and The
Duty of Living for the Good of Posterity.
CHAPLIN, MRS. ADA C., author, was
born Jan. 25, 1842, in Falmouth, Mass.
She was a Massachusetts writer of reli
gious juveniles, some of which are
Christ's Cadets; Charity Hurlburt; and
Our Gold Mine, the Story of American
Baptist Missions in India. She died Dec.
9, 1883, in Mansfield, Conn.
CHAPLIN, CHRISTINE, artist, poet,
was born in 1842, in Bangor, Maine. Her
specialty is painting wild flowers in wa
ter colors. Her pictures have been exhib
ited at the water-color society of New
York, in Brooklyn, and at the Boston art
club. She has written several little books
of poetry, illustrated by herself.
CHAPLIN, HEMAN WHITE, lawyer,
author, was born in 1847, in Rhode Isl
and. He was a noted lawyer of Boston,
whose Five Hundred Dollars, and Other
Stories of New England Life, are excep
tionally faithful and delicate studies of
character, and rank among the foremost
of American short stories.
CHAPLIN, MRS. JANE, author, was
born Feb. 11, 1819, in Scotland. Among
her various writings, mainly religious ju
veniles, are The Transplanted Shamrock;
Black and White; and The Convent and
the Manse. She died April 17, 1884, in
Boston, Mass.
CHAPLIN, JEREMIAH, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 2, 1776, in
Georgetown, Mass. He was a baptist cler
gyman and educator, the first president of
Colby university, in 1822-33. He was the
author of The Evening of Life. He died
May 7, 1841, in Hamilton, N. Y.
CHAPLIN, JEREMIAH, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1813, in Dahvers, Mass.
He was a baptist clergyman of Newton,
Mass., who after leaving the ministry de
voted himself to literary pursuits in Bos
ton. He is the author of The Memorial
Hour; The Hand of Jesus; Riches of Bun-
yan; Life of Henry Dunster, First Presi
dent of Harvard College; Chips from the
White House; Life of Benjamin Frank
lin; Life of Galen; Life of Duncan Dun-
bar; and Life of Charles Sumner. He
died March 5, 1886, in New Utrecht, N. Y.
CHAPMAN, ALVAN WENTWORTH,
botanist, author, was born Sept. 28, 1809,
in Southampton, Mass. He was known
as a botanist for whom the genus Chap-
mannia was named, and the author of
Flora of the Southern United States.
CHAPMAN, ANDREW GRANT, law
yer, congressman, was born in La Platte,
Md., Jan. 17, 1839. He was a representa
tive in the state legislature in 1868, 1870,
and 1872; and was elected a representa
tive from Maryland to the forty-seventh
congress as a democrat.
CHAPMAN, AUGUSTUS A., congress
man, was born in Virginia. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from ,'1843 to 1847.
CHAPMAN, BIRD B., congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He moved to
Nebraska, and was elected a delegate
from that territory to the thirty-fourth
congress.
CHAPMAN, CHARLES, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1799, in Newtown,
Conn. He was three times elected to the
legislature; from 1841 to 1845 was United
States district attorney; and was a repre
sentative in congress from 1851 to 1853.
He was temperance candidate for gover
nor in 1854. He died Aug. 7, 1869, in
Hartford, Conn.
CHAPMAN, CHARLES HIRAM, edu
cator, college president, was born Oct. 28,
1859, in Columbia county, Wis. He grad
uated from Johns Hopkins university,
where for many years he filled the chair
of professor of mathematics, which posi
tion he resigned to accept the presiden
cy of the university of Oregon.
CHAPMAN, CHRISTOPHER E., law
yer, legislator, was born Sept. 24, 1860, in
New Shoreham, R. I. He attended Brown
university, and in 1884 graduated in law
from the Boston university. In 1887-89
he was a member of the house of repre
sentatives of the Rhode Island legisla
ture; and in the senate from 1890 to 1897
consecutively. He procured appropriations
aggregating one hundred and seventy-five
thousand dollars from the state of Rhode
Island and the United States government
for harbor refuge at New Shoreham
Great Pond harbor, in his native town.
CHAPMAN, FRANK MICHLER, orni
thologist, author, was born in 1864, in
New Jersey. He is a well-known orni
thologist, and assistant curator of the de
partment of ornithology and mammalogy
in the American Museum of Natural
History, of New York city. He is the au
thor of Hand-book of Birds of Eastern
North America; and Bird-Life: A Guide to
the Study of Our Common Birds.
CHAPMAN, GEORGE H., soldier. He
was appointed a brigadier-general in
1864; and in 1865 received the brevet of
major-general.
CHAPMAN, GEORGE THOMAS, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 21, 1786,
in England. He was an episcopal clergy
man, and the author of Sketches of Alum
ni of Dartmouth College from 1771 to
1868. He died Oct. 18, 1872, in Newbury-
port, Mass.
CHAPMAN, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born in
1805, in Pennsylvania. He was a mem
ber of the state senate for three years,
from January, 1843, and president judge
of the fifteenth judicial district of Penn
sylvania for some years after leaving the
senate. He was a representative in the
thirty-fifth congress from Pennsylvania;
and was elected president judge of the
seventh judicial district of Pennsylvania
in 1861.
CHAPMAN, HENRY CADWALADER,
physician, author, was born Aug. 17, 1845,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He is a noted phy
sician of Philadelphia, and the author of
Evolution of Life; and History of the
Discovery of the Circulation of the Blood.
CHAPMAN, ISAAC NEWTON, civil
engineer, inventor, was born Dec. 10, 1838,
in Lima, Ohio. He attended the public
schools of his native county, and grad
uated from the Willamette university of
Salem, Ore. In 1855-56 he served in the
Indian wars of Oregon and Washington.
He has been United States deputy sur
veyor; city engineer of Alameda, Cal.;
and has been successful as a surveyor of
mines and mineral lands. He is the in
ventor of an automatic sewer flusher in
use in Alameda and other cities.
CHAPMAN, JACOB, clergyman, gene
alogist, was born in March, 1810, in Tarn-
worth, N. H. He received his education
at the Dartmouth college, and the Ando-
ver Theological seminary, and attained
eminence as a clergyman. He is the au
thor of five volumes of Genealogy on the
Folsom, Philbrick, Lane, Weeks, and
Chapman Families.
CHAPMAN, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from' 1797 to 1799.
CHAPMAN, JOHN, clergyman, was
born Aug. 21, 1829, in Greenland, N. H.
He served in various churches in New
England, according to the assignment
made by the conference, until 1871, when
he was transferred to Brooklyn and New
York. In 1891 he was elected chaplain to
the university of Pennsylvania.
CHAPMAN, JOHN A., soldier, author,
poet, was born March 9, 1821, in Edgefield
county, S. C. He served as a volunteer
in the war, and was wounded. Since re
tiring from business in 1888 he has been
closely engaged in the study and writing
of the history of his own state. He is the
author of a meritorious poem entitled
The Ideal Man. In 1875 he published a
volume of verse, The Walk and Other
Poems; and in 1879 appeared Within the
Vale.
CHAPMAN, JOHN GRANT, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 5, 1798, in
Charles county, Md. Between the years
1824 and 1844 he
was almost con
stantly in the legis
lature of Maryland.
In 1845 he was elect
ed a representative
in congress, and re-
elected in 1847, serv
ing on important
committees, and do
ing much good for
his constituents and
the public at large;
was chosen presi
dent of the convention which framed the
constitution of Maryland in 1851. His
last public office was to preside as chair
man of the national whig convention
which met in Baltimore in 1856, to nomi
nate Millard Fillmore for the presidency.
He died Dec. 10, 1856.
208
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CHAPMAN, JOHN GADSBY, painter,
•was born in 1808, in Alexandria, Va. He
became a successful etcher and wood-en
graver, made illustrations for many
books, among others Harper's illustrated
Bible, and published a Drawing-Book,
•which has passed through many editions
in this country and in England. Among
his works in oil are Baptism of Pocahon-
tas, in the capitol at Washington; Etrus
can Girl; and Sunset on the Campagna.
He died Nov. 28, 1889, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
CHAPMAN, JOSEPH GILBERT, man
ufacturer, philanthropist, was born in
1840, in Oxford, N. Y. He has been promi
nently identified with the best life of St.
Louis and its educational and philan
thropic movements, and has been a trus
tee of Washington university for the past
fifteen years. He was president of the
St. Louis Museum and School of Fine
Arts, to whose endowment he contributed
largely.
CHAPMAN, MARIA WESTON, reform
er, was born in 1806, in Weymouth,
Mass. She was principal of the newly
established young ladies' high school in
Boston in 1829-30. She returned to this
country in 1856, and in 1877 published
the autobiography of her intimate friend,
Harriet Martineau. She died in 1885, in
Weymouth, Mass.
CHAPMAN, MILLIE J., educator, phy
sician, was born July 23, 1845, in Craw
ford county, Pa. She received her educa
tion in the public schools, at the state
normal school, and the medical college.
For twelve years she was engaged in edu
cational work. Since becoming a physi
cian she has held many official positions
in local, state and national medical so
cieties. She is one of the physicians in
the Homeopathic hospital; an attending
physician for two Children's homes; and
lecturer on physics at a co-educational
college of Pittsburg, Pa.
CHAPMAN, NATHANIEL, educator,
physician, author, was born May 28, 1780,
in Summer Hill, Va. He was a Philadel
phia physician and professor of medicine
in the university of Pennsylvania in 1814-
50. He was the author of Materia Medi
na and Therapeutics, long a valued text
book; Select Speeches (edited); Lectures
on Eruptive Fevers, Hemorrhages and
Dropsies; and Lectures on Thoracic Vis
cera. He died July 1, 1853, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
CHAPMAN, PLEASANT T.. lawyer, ju
rist, state senator, was born Oct. 8, 1854,
in Johnson county, Va. In 1877 he was
elected superintendent of the Johnson
county schools, and reappointed for a
short time in 1881. In 1882 he was elect
ed county judge; and in 1890-94 was elect
ed to the Illinois state senate.
CHAPMAN, REUBEN, congressman,
governor, was born July 15, 1799, in Ran
dolph county, Va. He was a representa
tive in congress from Alabama from 1835
to 1848; and was governor of that state
from 1847 to 1849. He died May 17, 1882,
in Huntsville, Ala.
CHAPMAN, REUBEN ATWATER,
lawyer, jurist, was born Sept. 20, 1801, in
Russell, Mass. He practiced successively
in Westfield, Monson, Ware, and Spring
field. He died June 28, 1873, in Switzer
land.
CHAPMAN, THOMAS CORWIN, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, was born Nov.
12, 1844, in Conneaut, Ohio. He has filled
the positions of prosecuting attorney,
probate judge, and served with distinc
tion as a member of the Missouri state
legislature.
CHAPMAN, WARREN HOSEA, physi
cian, author, was born May 5, 1821, in
Tolland, Conn. He studied medicine and
settled in Peoria, where he became emi
nent in his profession. Dr. Chapman was
prominent in the arrangements that led
to the establishment of a summer school
of science in Peoria, and was president
of the scientific association under whose
direction the school was formed. He is
the author of Geology of Peoria County;
Chemistry of the Rocks; and Systems of
Stratified Rocks.
CHAPMAN, WILLIAM CARROLL,
physician, journalist, was born June 17,
1863, in Hartford, Ky. He is assistant to
the chair of clinical medicine and to the
chair of chemical physiology in the Ken
tucky school of medicine; secretary of the
publication committee of the Kentucky
State Medical society; and editor of the
Medical Progress.
CHAPMAN, WILLIAM W., congress
man. He was a delegate to congress from
the territory of Iowa from 1839 to 1841.
CHAPPELL, ABSALOM HARRIS, law
yer, congressman, author, was born Dec.
18, 1801, in Hancock county, Ga. He was
a representative of the Georgia state leg
islature for three terms; a member of the
state senate, and president of that body;
and in 1842-43 became a member of the
twenty-eighth congress. He died Dec. 11,
1878.
CHAPPELL, JOHN J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 19, 1782, in Fair-
field, S. C. He was a solicitor of equity,
colonel of militia, a trustee of the state
college in 1809, and a bank director. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1813 to 1817.
CHARLES, MRS. EMILY THORNTON,
journalist, author, was born in 1845, in
Indiana. She is a Washington journalist
who has published two volumes of verse,
Hawthorn Blossoms; and Lyrical Poems.
CHARLTON, ROBERT MILLEDGE,
lawyer, congressman, author, poet, was
born Jan. 19, 1807, in Savannah, Ga. He
served in the state legislature; became
United States district attorney; and in
his twenty-seventh year was appointed
judge of the supreme court of eastern
Georgia. He was a poet, and published
a volume of poems in 1839; and also pub
lished a prose work entitled Leaves from
the Portfolio of a Georgia Lawyer; as well
as a variety of historical and other lec
tures and literary addresses. He served
in congress as a senator from Georgia, by
appointment, during a part of the years
1852 and 1853. He died Jan. 18, 1854, in
Savannah, Ga.
CHARLTON, THOMAS USHER PU-
LASKI, lawyer, jurist, legislator, author,
was born in 1779, in South Carolina. In
1803 he was a member of the Georgia
state legislature; attorney-general during
1804-8; and judge of the superior court
of the eastern circuit of Georgia during
1808-12. He was again a member of the
legislature in 1812; mayor of Savannah
in 1819-20; and again judge of the supe
rior court in 1824. He published a vol
ume of reports; a Life of James Jackson;
and other works. He died in December,
1835.
CHARLTON, WALTER GLASCO, law
yer, was born June 5, 1851, in Savannah,
Ga. He received his education at the
Rock academy; the Pen- Lucy school of
Baltimore county, Md.; and the university
of Virginia. He has attained prominence
as an able lawyer of Savannah, Ga., of
which city he has served as alderman for
three terms. He has been solicitor of
the eastern circuit of Georgia; chairman
of the democratic party of Chatham
county for three terms; chairman of the
democratic congressional convention of
the first district in 1886; and temporary
chairman of the state convention in 1885.
CHASE, AARON AUGUSTUS, soldier,
lawyer, journalist. He served with dis-
tjnction as a soldier during the civil war,
and is a prominent member of the G. A.
R. In 1863 he was admitted to the bar;
and for many years was editor and pro
prietor of The Times of Scranton, Pa. His
editorial championship of the working-
men during the labor troubles of the sev
enties caused him to be twice imprisoned
because of his attitude. In 1885 he re
sumed the practice of law, and is now one
of the foremost members of that profes
sion in Pennsylvania at Scranton.
CHASE, AARON W., soldier, poet, was
born Jan. 19, 1841, in St. Lawrence coun
ty, N. Y. He served through the war in
company I, eighth Illinois cavalry; be
came first lieutenant, and was severely
wounded. He has been school director,
justice of the peace, and treasurer of Fill-
more county, Neb.
CHASE, ANN, patriot, was born 1809,
in Ireland. Through her stratagems and
secretly imparted information, the United
States troops captured Tampico without
the loss of a single man. The govern
ment gratefully acknowledged the ser
vice. She died Dec. 24, 1874, in Brooklyn,
N. Y.
CHASE, BENJAMIN, clergyman, ge
ologist, was born in 1789, in New Hamp
shire. He was also a geologist, and pre
sented Oakland, Miss., college with a
valuable collection of fossils, which he
had gathered during his journeys. He
died Oct. 11, 1870, in Natchez, Miss.
CHASE, CHAMPION SPALDING, law
yer, statesman, was born March 20, 1820,
in Cornish, N. H. In 1856 he was elected
to the Wisconsin state senate; and In
1862 was commissioned paymaster in the
union army, with the rank of major of
cavalry. In 1866 he went to Omaha, and
was the first attorney-general of that
state. In 1874 he was elected mayor of
Omaha, and served seven years. He has
held many positions of honor, and in
1872 the Nebraska legislature named
Chase county for him; and the citizens
of Champion, a manufacturing town in
that county, adopted his first name for
their town.
CHASE, CHARLES M., journalist, son
of General E. B. Chase, was born Nov. 6,
1839, in Lyndon, Vt. During 1857-61 he
was police magistrate, lawyer and editor
at Sycamore, 111.; and in 1861 was the
leader of the band in the thirteenth regi
ment Illinois volunteer infantry. In 1865
he established The Vermont Union in
Lyndon, and has ever since been its ed
itor and owner. In 1866 and 1868 he was
democratic candidate for congress; dele
gate to the democratic national conven
tion in 1876. He has been a justice of the
peace for twenty years in Lyndon, Vt.,
and president of the school board for
fourteen years. Since 1892 he has been
president of the Citizens' Savings Bank
and Trust company.
CHASE, DENISON, inventor, was born
April 13, 1830, in Concord, Vt. He has
made several inventions. The most impor
tant, however, is the turbine water-wheel,
which for years has been recognized as
the best made. He is president of the
Chase Turbine Manufacturing company,
which employs about seventy-five hands.
HKRR1NGSHAWS KNCYC'LOPKIMA OF AMKRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
209
CHASE, DUDLEY, lawyer, jurist, Unit
ed States senator, was born Dec. 30, 1771,
In Cornish, N. H. He was state's attor
ney for Orange county; was a member of
the constitutional conventions of 1814 and
1822; was a representative from Randolph
to the legislature of Vermont in 1805-12,
during five years of which he was speaker.
He was again elected representative from
the same town in 1823 and 1824; and was
elected United States senator from Ver
mont from 1813 to 1819. He resigned bis
seat in 1817; and was chief justice of the
supreme court of Vermont in 1817-21. In
1824 he was again chosen United States
senator from 1825 to 1831. He died Feb.
23. 184(i. in Randolph, Vt.
CHASE, EPAPHRAS B.. soldier, legis
lator, was born Oct. 10, 1800, in Bradford,
Vt. He was president of the Lyndon
bank from its organization till his death.
He was one of the organizers of the Ver
mont state agricultural society, and along
time director. From 1833-36 he was gen
eral of the first Vermont brigade, and
was a representative in the Vermont state
legislature. He died in September, 1867.
CHASE, FREDERIC AUGUSTUS, cler
gyman, educator, college president, was
born Jan. 29, 1833, in King's Ferry, N. Y.
After being ordained as a presbyterian
clergyman, he had charge of churches in
Parishville and Lyndonville, N. Y. From
1868 till 1870 he was president of a fe
male seminary in Lyons, Iowa; and in
1872 became professor of natural sciences
in Fisk university of Nashville. Tenn.
CHASE, GEORGE, lawyer, author, was
born Dec. 29, 1849, in Portland, Maine. He
is a professor of criminal law at Colum
bia college, and the author of The Ameri
can Students' Blackstone.
CHASE, GEORGE COLBY, educator,
.college president, was born March 15.
1844, in Unity, Maine. He has filled the
chair of professor of ancient classics in
New Hampton literary institution, and
from 1872-94 was professor of English lit
erature in Bates college, when he was ap
pointed president of that institution.
CHASE, GEORGE LEWIS, underwrit
er, was born Jan. 13, 1828. in Millbury.
Mass. In 1866 he became president of the
Hartford Insurance company; and in 1870
was elected president of the national
board of fire underwriters. He has been
a prominent directorate of many banking
and financial institutions of Hartford.
Conn.
CHASE, GEORGE WINGATE, congress
man, author, was born in 1826 in Haver-
hill, Mass. During 1853-55 he was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
state. He was the author of History of
Haverhill, 1640-1860; The Freemason's
Monitor; Masonic Dictionary and Manual
of Masonic Law: and Tactics for Knights
Templars and Appendant Authors. He
died May 1, 1867, in Maryland, N. Y.
CHASE, HARRY, painter was born in
1853 in Woodstock. Vt. His principal
works are Breezy Afternoon off the Bat
tery in New York; Low Tide on the
Welsh Coast; Outward-bound Whaler;
Bringing the Fish Ashore; and New York
Harbor.
CHASE, HIRAM W., banker, was born
Jan. 12, 1823, in Auburn. N. Y. He has
been prominently identified with the rail
road interests of Lafayette, Ind. He was
largely instrumental in establishing the
Lafayette Savings bank in 1869.
CHASE, HORACE, state legislator,
was born in New England. He was a
member of the first constitutional conven-
14
tion of Wisconsin and a member of the
first .state legislature. He was mayor of
Milwaukee in 1862-63. He died in 1887.
CHASE, IRAH, clergyman, author, was
born Oct. 5, 1793, in Stratton, Vt. He
was a baptist clergyman of prominence
who founded the theological seminary at
Newton Centre, Mass., and was professor
there in 1825-45. He was the author of
Life of Bunyan; Design of Baptism; The
Jewish Tabernacle; Infant Baptism an In
vention of Men; and The Constitutions of
the Holy Apostles. He died Nov. 1, 1864,
in Newton, Mass.
CHASE, JEREMIAH T., congressman.
He was a delegate from Maryland to the
continental congress from 1783 to 1784.
CHASE, JULIA CLARKE, poet, was
born April 9, 1856, in Neosho, Wis. She
lias written one thousand poems, besides
a great deal of prose, stories and sketches
for children.
CHASE, LUCIEN B., congressman, au
thor, was born Aug. 9, 1817, in Vermont.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1845 to 1847, and for a
second term, ending in 1849. He was the
author of a work entitled History of Pres
ident Folk's Administration. He died
Dec. 14, 1864, in Vermont.
CHASE, LYMAN CLEVELAND, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Oct. 2.
1839, in Rutland, Ohio. He attended the
district schools in Ohio; commenced
teaching at the age of ufteen, and in 1866
graduated from the Hillsdaie college. The
same year he entered Atwood institute,
Ohio, as principal. In 1869 he was or
dained a clergyman in the free baptist
church. In 1882 he moved to Kansas, and
the following year became superintendent
of missions In the freewill baptist church'
and has ever since been engaged in min
isterial work. He is the author of Con
tending for the Faith; and Christian's
Manual of His Essentials to Success in
Christian Life and Work.
CHASE. MARTHA ELLEN, educator,
was born Dec. 5. 1846, in Lyndon, Vt. She
is the daughter of General E. B. Chase;
has always been engaged in educational
work; and in 1877 established the Santa
Rosa seminary, California, of which she is
still principal. She has contributed ex
tensively to the educational literature of
the times; and also on current topics.
CHASE, PHILANDER, bishop, author,
was born Dec. 14, 1775, in Cornish, N. H.
He was the first protestant episcopal bish
op of Ohio, and later of Illinois. He
founded Kenyon college at Gambler. Ohio.
He was the author of A Plea for the
West; Defence of Kenyon College; and
Reminiscences. He died Sept: 20, 1852, at
Jubilee College. 111.
CHASE, PHILIP STEPHEN, soldier,
legislator, was born Nov. 3, 1843, in Ports
mouth. R. I. He was a soldier in the
civil war, and in 1883 was appointed de
partment commander Grand Army of the
Republic. In 1868 he was a member of
the Rhode Island legislature, and in 1895
was elected city auditor of Providence,
R. I. He was an officer of the Rhode
Island militia for fourteen years, thirteen
of which was assistant adjutant general
with rank of lieutenant colonel.
CHASE, PLINY EARLE, educator,
scientist, author, was born Aug. 18, 1820.
in Worcester, Mass. He was an educator
and scientist of Philadelphia and the au
thor of Numerical Relations of Gravity
and Magnetism; Elements of Meteorol
ogy; Elements of Arithmetic; and Com
mon School Arithmetic. He died Dec. 17,
1886, in Haverford, Pa.
CHASE. SALMON PORTLAND, law
yer, jurist. United States senator was
born Jan. 13, 1808, in Cornish, N. H. His
first public position
was that of school
examiner in Cincin
nati, in 1839; in
1840 was a city coun
cilman; in 1845 pro
jected what was
called a liberty con
vention; and was a
member of the free-
soil convention held
at Buffalo in 1848.
He was a senator in
congress, from Ohio,
from 1849 to 1855; was elected governor
of Ohio in 1855, and re-elected in 1857.
In 1860 he was again chosen a senator in
congress. In 1864 he was appointed chief
justice of the supreme court of the United
States. By virtue of his position as chief
justice he presided over the senate while
acting as a court of impeachment, during
the trial of President Andrew Johnson in
1868. He died May 7, 1873, in New York
city.
CHASE, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress, from New York from
1827 to 1829.
CHASE, SAMUEL, jurist, statesman
was born April 17, 1741, in Somerset
county, Maryland. He was sent by Mary
land as a delegate
to the continental
congress, where he
served from 1774 to
1778, and in 1784 and
1785. He was a signer
of the declaration of
independence. I n
1788 he was appoint
ed chief justice of
the criminal court;
was a member of
the convention that
ratified the federal
constitution, and in 1796 was appointed
an associate on the supreme bench. He
died June 19, 1811.
CHASE, THOMAS, educator, college
president, author, was born June 16, 1827,
in Worcester, Mass. He was an educator
of Pennsylvania, and president of Haver-
ford college. He was co-editor with
George Stuart of a series of classical text
books, and also published Hellas, her
Monuments and Scenery, descriptive of
his travels in Greece. He died m 1892.
CHASE, WILLIAM EZRA, educator,
lawyer, was born Jan. 1, 1872, in Fremont,
Neb. He graduated from the Iowa col
lege in 1891, with the degree of A. B. For
two years he was professor of ancient and
modern languages in Hull academy,
Iowa; in 1893-94 was instructor in the
Calumet high school, Michigan; in 1894-
95 was principal of public schools in Ben
jamin, Tex.; and in 1895-96 was connected
with the Epworth seminary, Iowa.
CHASE, WILLIAM MERRITT, painter,
was born Nov. 1, 1849, in Franklin, Ind.
Fish Market; The Dowager; Broken Jug;
Ready for a Ride; The Apprentice: por
trait of General Webb; and portrait of
Peter Cooper (1882).
CHASE, WILLIAM THOMAS, clergy
man, was born July 11, 1839, in Hallowell.
Maine. He occupied the pulpit of the
famous Ruggles Street church for two
and one-half years, when he was called, in
1891, to the Fifth baptist church of Phila
delphia. He is trustee of the Newton
Theological institution and president of
the baptist education society of Maine.
210
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CHASSAIGNAC, CHARLES LOUIS,
surgeon, was born Jan. 25, 1862, in New
Orleans, La. He attended the New Or
leans central high school; college of
Brothers of the Sacred Heart; and gradu
ated in medicine from the university of
Louisiana. He has been president of the
Orleans parish medical society; and is
now professor of genito-urinary and rec
tal diseases in the New Orleans poly-
clinic. He is president of the New Or
leans sanitarium; editor of the New Or
leans Medical and Surgical Journal; and
has held other medical positions of honor.
CHASTAIN, EDWARD W., congress
man, was born in South Carolina. He was
a representative in congress, from Geor
gia, from 1851 to 1855.
CHATARD, FRANCIS SILAS, bishop,
author, was born in 1834 in Baltimore,
Md. He is the Roman catholic bishop of
Vincennes, Ind., and the author of Chris
tian Truths.
CHATFIELD, A. G., jurist. He was an
early emigrant to Minnesota, and in 1853
he was appointed an associate justice of
the United States court for the territory
of Minnesota.
CHATFIELD - TAYLOR, H O B A R T
CHATFIELD, author, was born in 1865
in Illinois. He is the author of With
Edge Tools; An American Peeress; Two
Women and a Fool; and The Land of the
Castanet.
CHATTERTON, FENIMORE, lawyer,
legislator, was born July 21, 1860, in Os-
wego, N. Y. During 1870-78 he attended
the public schools of Washington, D. (J.,
and the preparatory department of the
Columbia college. In 1888 he was treas
urer and probate judge of Carbon county,
Wyo.; in 1890-92 was state senator for
two terms; the latter year serving as
vice-president of the state senate. In
1894-96 he served two terms as prose
cuting attorney of Carbon; and is known
as one of the foremost lawyers in the
west, with a large practice at Rawlins,
Wyo.
CHAUNCEY, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist,
was born June 11, 1747, in Durham, Conn.
He became state's attorney in 1776. He
was a judge of the superior court from
1789 till 1793, and was for forty years a
lecturer on jurisprudence. He was the
principal founder and president of the
first agricultural society in Connecticut.
He died April 28, 1823, in New Haven,
Conn.
CHAUNCEY, ISAAC, naval officer, was
born Feb. 20, 1772, in Black Rock, Conn.
He made several successful voyages to the
East Indies in the ships of John Jacob
Astor. He distinguished himself in sev
eral actions off Tripoli and was thanked
by congress for his services. He served
with distinction in the war of 1812; and
in 1833-40 was president of the board of
navy commissioners in Washington, D.
C., In which city he died Jan. 27, 1840.
CHAUNCY, CHARLES, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was horn in 1592
in England. He was a puritan clergy
man, vicar of Ware in 1627-35. He came
to America in 1638, and was thirteen
years minister at Scituate He was the
second president of Harvard college, suc
ceeding Henry Dunster in 1654. His most
Important work is a series of twenty-six
Sermons on Justification. Antisynodalia
Scripta America, a controversial pam
phlet, appeared in 1662. He died Feb. 19,
1 072.
CHAUNCY. CHARLES, clergyman, au
thor, was born Jan. ]. 1705. in Boston.
Seasonable Thoughts on the State of Re
ligion in New England; Discourse on En
thusiasm, directed against Whitefleld, of
whose teachings he was a strong oppo
nent; Letters to Whitefield; Complete
View of Episcopacy; The Mystery Hid
from the Ages; Benevolence of the Deity;
Five Dissertations on the Fall and its
Consequences; and Validity of Presby
terian Ordination. He died Feb. 10, 1787.
CHAUVENET, REGIS, chemist, was
born Oct. 7, 1842, in Philadelphia, Pa.
From 1872 till 1875 he was chemist to the
Missouri geological survey, and for some
time held a similar relation to the city of
St. Louis. In the year 1883 he became
professor of chemistry and president of
the Colorado state school of mines in
Golden.
CHAUVENET, WILLIAM, author, was
born May 24, 1820, in Milford, Pa. He was
a mathematician who was chancellor of
Washington university, St. Louis, in 1862-
69. He was the author of Binomial
Theorem and Logarithms; Plane and
Spherical Trigonometry; Manual of
Spherical and Practical Astronomy; and
Elementary Geometry. He died Dec. 13,
1870, in St. Paul, Minn.
CHAVEZ, J. FRANCISCO, soldier, con
gressman, was born June 27, 1833, in Pa-
dillas, N. M. He was appointed major of
the first regiment of infantry raised in
New Mexico; after participating in sev
eral battles and see.ng much active serv
ice on the frontier he was promoted to the
rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1865 he
was elected a delegate from New Mexico
to the thirty-ninth congress, and re-elect
ed to the fortieth and forty-first con
gresses as a democrat.
CHAVIS, JORDAN uOUGLAS, clergy
man, educator, college president, was
born Aug. 9, 1863, near Greensboro, N. C.
Since 1893 he has been president of the
Bennett college of Greensboro, N. C. He
completed his college course in 1887, and
attained success as an educator and meth-
odist clergyman.
CHEADLE, JOSEPH B., journalist,
congressman, was born Aug. 14, 1842,' in
Perrysville, Ind. He entered the editorial
profession, which occupation he has since
followed. He was elected to the fiftieth
congress and re-elected to the fifty-first
congress as a republican.
CHEATHAM, HENRY PLUMMER,
congressman, was born Dec. 27, 1857, in
Granville, N. C. He was elected principal
of the Plymouth state normal school im
mediately after his graduation, and
served in that capacity until 1885. He is
the only colored representative in the
fifty-first congress. He was elected to the
fifty-first and re-elected to the fifty-sec
ond congress as a republican. In 1897 he
was appointed recorder of deeds for the
District of Columbia.
CHEATHAM, RICHARD, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee, from 1837 to 1839. He died in
September, 1845.
CHECKLEY, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1680 in Boston, Mass. He
was an episcopal clergyman of Rhode
Island, noted in his clay for his witty,
reckless attacks on his theological op
ponents. He was the author of Choice
Dialogues About Predestination. He died
in 1753 in Providence, R. I.
CHEESMAN. JOHN CUMMINGS, phy
sician, was born July 20, 1788. in New
York city. He held many important of
fices, among which were surgeon to the
Charity hospital on Blackwell's island,
and surgeon to Bellevue hospital. For
forty years he was professionally con
nected with the New York hospital. He
died Oct. 11, 1862, in New York city.
CHEETHAM, JAMES, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1772 in England. He
was an English journalist who came to
America in 1798, and became editor of
The American Citizen. He was the au
thor of Nine Letters on Burr's Defection;
Reply to Aristides; and Life of Thomas
Paine, a work written from a hostile
point of view. He died Sept. 10, 1810, in
New York city.
CHEEVER, ALONZO W., farmer, lec
turer, journalist, was born Feb. 27. 1831,
in Wrentham, Mass. He was state cat
tle commissioner during 1885-92; and has
lectured on agriculture in all the north
eastern states, state institute service.
Since 1873 he has been agricultural editor
of The New England Farmer.
CHEEVER, EZEKIEL, educator, au
thor, was born Jan. 25, 1614, in London,
England. He was a colonial educator of
Boston, who was master of the Latin
school for many years, and was author of
Scripture Prophecies Explained, an essay
on the millennium; Latin Accidence, for
a century a standard introductory Latin
text-book in New England. He died Aug.
21, 1708, in Boston, Mass.
CHEEVER, GEORGE BARRELL,
clergyman, author, was born April 17,
1807, in Hallowell, Maine. He was a noted
congregational clergyman of New York
city, and the author ot Deacon Giles's
Distillery; Studies in Poetry; Wanderings
of a Pilgrim in the Shadow of Mont
Blanc; Lectures on Pilgrim's Progress;
Journal of the Pilgrims at Plymouth;
God Against Slavery; Incidents and Mem
ories of the Christian Life; The Guilt
of Slavery; The Republic or the Oli
garchy, Which?; Faith, Doubt, and Evi
dence; God's Timepiece for Man's Eter
nity; Lectures on Cowper; and Windings
of the River of the Water of Life. He
died Oct. 1, 1890, in Englewood, N. J.
CHEEVER, HENRY MAR'ITN, lawyer, '
was born June 20, in Stillwater, N. Y. He
attained success as a lawyer; has lectured
on Presbyterianism and Catholicity; was
organizer of the Westminster church of
Detroit; and trustee of several large in
stitutions of Detroit, Mich.
CHEEVER, HENRY THEODORE,
clergyman, author, was born Feb. 6, 1814,
in Hallowell, Maine. He was a congre
gational clergyman, and the author of
Way Marks in the Moral War with Slav
ery; Correspondences of Faith and Views
of Madame Guyon; The Island World of
the Pacific; Life in the Sandwich Islands;
The Whale and his Captors; The Pulpit
and the Pew; Life of Nathaniel Cheever;
Life of Walter Colton; and Captain Cau-
gar. He died in 1897.
CHEEVER, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 22, 1787, in North Brook-
field, Mass. He was elected district at
torney at Troy, N. Y. ; arid was elected the
first county judge of Albany, N. Y. He
died Sept. 25, 1874, in Waterford, N. Y.
CHENEY, ARTHUR, was born Jan. 14,
1837, in South Manchester, Conn. He in
terested himself in the drama and built
the Globe theater of Boston, originally
called Selwyn's theater, for the purpose of
giving the best plays in a thorough and
artistic way. He died in Decemoer, 1878,
in South Manchester, Conn.
CHENEY, BENJAMIN PIERCE, pio
neer, was born Aug. 12. 1815, in New
England. In 1880 he merged his business
into that of the American Express com
pany, taking stock In payment. He was
promptly made a director of the Ameri
can Express company, and remained such
the rest of his life, being the largest in
dividual stockholder in the company. He
died July 23, 1S95, in Wellesley, Mass.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
211
CHENEY, BENJAMIN PIERCE, rail
road president, was born April 8, 1866, In
Boston, Mass. He is president of the Na
tional City and Otay railway.
CHENEY, CHARLES EDWARD,
clergyman, was born Feb. 12, 1836, in
Canandaigua, N. Y. Soon after his ordi
nation he became rector of Christ church,
Chicago. Mr. Cheney was elected mis
sionary bishop of the northwest, for the
new organization, in 1873.
CHENEY, MRS. EDNAH DOW, edu
cator, lecturer, author, was born Jan. 27,
1829, in Boston, Mass. She is a Boston
writer, associated in early life with the
prominent New England transcendental-
ists, who has been active in the woman
suffrage movement, and whose writing
kas had more or less to do with philosoph
ical themes. Her principal works com
prise Hand-book of American History for
Colored People; Faithful to the Light,
and Other Tales; Stories of the Olden
Time; Gleanings in the Fields of Art; Life
of Louisa Alcott, supra; Life of Christian
Daniel Rauch, Sculptor; Memoir of John
Cheney, Engraver; Memoir of Dr. Susan
Dimock; Nora's Return, a sequel to Ib
sen's Doll House; Sally Williams; and the
Mountain Girl.
CHENEY, EMELINE BURLINGAME,
missionary, was born Sept. 22, 1836, in
Smithfield, R. I. She has been president
of the Rhode Island Woman's Christian
Temperance union; and president of the
Free Baptist Woman's Missionary society.
She is a licensed preacher, and was three
times a delegate to the free baptist tri
ennial conference; and was editor of the
Missionary Helper for many years.
CHENEY, MRS. HARRIET VAUGHAN
(FOSTER), author, was born in 1815 in
Massachusetts. She is the author of Con
fessions of an Early Martyr; A Peep at
the Pilgrims in 1636; The Rivals of Ar
cadia; Sketches from the Life of Christ;
and The Sunday School, or Village
Sketches.
CHENEY, JOHN VANCE, librarian,
author, poet, was born Dec. 29, 1848, in
New York. He practiced law for a while;
and subsequently became librarian of the
public library in San Francisco, Cal. In
1897 he was elected librarian of the New-
berry library of Chicago. His poetical
works include Thistle Drift; Wood
Blooms; and Queen Helen and Other
Poems. In prose, his best known works
are The Old Doctor, a Romance of Queer
Village; The Golden Guess, a series of
critical essays; and That Dome in Air, a
similar collection of critical studies.
CHENEY, PERSON COLBY, manufac
turer, governor. United States senator,
was born Feb. 25, -L828, in Ashland, N. H.
He was president of the Amoskeag Fibre
Ware company; and in 1853 was a repre
sentative in the New Hampsnire legisla
ture. In 1862 he entered the union army
as regimental quartermaster. In 1864 he
was elected railroad commissioner, serv
ing three years. In 1871 he was elected
mayor of Manchester. N. H.; in 1875 was
elected governor of New Hampshire, and
was re-elected in 1876; he was appointed
United States senator to fill a vacancy,
serving from 1886 to 1889.
CHENEY, SETH WELLS, artist, was
born Nov. 26, 1810, in South Manchester,
Conn. He was one of the earliest Ameri
can artists in black and white, and ex
celled in giving spirituality to his por
traits and ideal female faces, which are
still sought by collectors. Among his
works are portraits of Theodore Parker
with his wife; and Epnraim Peabody;
Rosalie; and A Roman Girl. He died
Sept. 10, 1856, in South Manchester,
Conn.
CHENEY, SIMON PEASE, musical edu
cator, author, was born in 1818 in New
Hampshire. He was a once noted mu
sical educator of Vermont, and the au
thor of The American Singing Book; and
Wood Notes Wild, notations of bird mu
sic. He died in 1890.
CHENEY, THESEUS APOLEON, au
thor, was born March 16, 1830, in Leon,
N. Y. He was a writer who devoted his
attention to the history of the western
portion of his native state. He was the
author of Report on the Ancient Monu
ments of Western New York; Historical
Sketch of the Chemung Valley; Histor
ical Sketch of Eighteen Counties of Cen
tral and Southern New York; Laron; Re
lations of Government to Science; and
Antiquarian Researches. He died Aug. 2,
1878, in Starkey, N. Y.
CHENEY, WARD, pioneer manufac
turer, was born in 1813, in South Man
chester, Conn. His silk thread having
been once accepted as excellent in quality,
the Cheney factory gained ground every
year in spite of many trials. Arthur,
Charles and Frank W. Cheney, brothers,
successively joined the founder. He died
March 22, 1876, in South Manchester,
Conn.
CHENOWETH, JAMES Q., lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, was born Feb. 9, 1841,
in Louisville, Ky. He was elected a state
senator of Kentucky; served three ses
sions and resigned. In 1875 he was ap
pointed district judge in Texas; and was
elected a representative in the seven
teenth and eighteenth legislatures of Tex
as. In 1885 he was appointed first au
ditor of the United States treasury.
CHENOWETH, WILLIAM J., physi
cian, surgeon, was born Dec. 1, 1823, in
Greensburg, Ky. In 1840 he graduated
with the degree of A. B. from the Au
gusta college, Kentucky; and three years
later received the degree of A. M. from
the same institution. He has attained
success in his profession at Decatur, 111.;
and is prominently connected with the
leading medical societies and other insti
tutions.
CHENOWITH. F. A., jurist, was born
in Ohio. He was appointed associate jus
tice of the United States court for the ter
ritory of Washington.
CHERRY, WILLIAM JOHN, lawyer,
author, was born Jan. id, 1859, in Chester
county, South Carolina. He was edu
cated in his native state at Newberry col
lege; and in 1881 began educational work,
subsequently adopting law as his profes
sion. Since 1885 he has practiced law in
Rock Hill, S. C., where ue has been city
attorney for a number of years, and is the
legal adviser and attorney for a number
of large corporations; and is also very
prominent in politics. He has given con
siderable time to newspaper work, and is
the author of a work entitled A Hand-
Book of Rock Hill.
CHESbcRO. CAROLINE, educator, au
thor, was born about 1820 in Canandai
gua, N. Y. She was a writer of stories and
sketches who was during the latter part
of her life a teacher in the Packer insti
tute of Brooklyn. Her writing displays
much individuality, and the novel, The
Foe in the Household, her finest work, is
a careful study of some unfamiliar phases
of Pennsylvania life. Her other works
include The Beautiful Gate and Other
Sketches; Peter Carradine; The Children
of Light; Susan, the Fisherman's Daugh
ter; The Little Cross Bearers; Dream-
Land by Daylight; Philly and Kit; Vic
toria: Amy Carr; and The Glen Cabin.
She died Feb. 16, 1873. in Piermont, N. Y.
CHESEBROUGH, AMOS SHEFFIELD,
D. D., clergyman, author, was born Aug.
22, 1813, in Stonington, Conn. In 1835 he
graduated from Yale university; and
from Yale Theological seminary in 1840.
He has been pastor of congregational
churches in Chester, Glastonbury and
Durham, Conn.; and previously was prin
cipal of Had ley and Westfield academies.
Massachusetts. He is a member of the
corporation of ifale university, and au
thor of several works on Church Work
and Christian Nurture.
CHESEBROUGH, ELLIS SYLVESTER,
civil engineer, was uorn July 6, 1813, in
Baltimore, Md. In 1855 he became en
gineer for the Chicago board of sewerage
commissioners, and in that capacity
planned the sewerage system of the city.
In 1879 he resigned the officer of commis
sioner of public works. He achieved a
high reputation as an authority on the
water supply and sewage of cities, and in
that capacity was consulted by the offi
cials of New York, Boston, Cambridge.
Toronto, Detroit, Memphis, Milwaukee,
and other cities. In 1877-78 he was presi
dent of the American society of civil en
gineers. He died Aug. 19, 1886, in Chi
cago, 111.
CHESEBROUGH, ROBERT AUGUS
TUS, manufacturer, inventor, was born
Jan. 9, 1837, in England. As a result of
continual e x p e r i-
ments in distilling
and filtering petro
leum, he discovered
and patented, in
1870, the substance
now known as vas
eline. In 1881 he
erected the huge of-
fice building, which
bears his name, in
New York city. He
introduced heating
and ventilating ap
pliances of his own invention into this
structure; and these have since attracted
wide attention among architects and own
ers. The Real Estate exchange origin
ated with him.
CHESHIRE, JOSEPH BLOUNT, bishop
of North Carolina, author, was born
March 27, 1850, in Tarborough, N. C. He
has published several valuable mono
graphs. Among his works are: Early
Conventions of the uhurch in North Caro
lina; Fragments of North Carolina
Church History; The Church in the
Province of North Carolina; Decay and
Revival; and Parson Miller and White
Haven Church.
CHESNEY, ELIJAH, clergyman, lec
turer, author, was born May 29, 1842, in
Dumfries, Ontario, Canada. He graduat
ed with honors in
the classical course
from the Woodstock
college in 1864; and
completed the full
theological course of
studies in the same
institution. He has
filled pastorates in
Canada and Michi
gan; he has many
times held the posi
tion of moderator
and president of re
ligious councils, associations and conven
tions; and by appointment preached ser
mons and delivered addresses at such as
semblies. For twelve years he has been
a member of the Michigan state home
mission board in connection with the
baptist state convention, and was for sev
eral years its secretary.
212
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CHESTER, ALBERT HUNTINGTON,
educator, author, was born Nov. 22, 1843,
in Saratoga Springs, N. Y. He is a pro
fessor of chemistry and metallurgy at
Hamilton college, and the author of Dic
tionary of the Names of Minerals; and
Catalogue of Minerals with their Chemi
cal Composition and Synonyms.
CHESTER, FREDERICK DIXON
WALTHALL, geologist, was born Oct. 8,
1861, in West Indies. He is a geologist
of Delaware who has written many mon
ographs upon local^tate geology.
CHESTER, JOHN, soldier, state legis
lator, was born Jan. 29, 1749, in Wethers-
field, Conn. He was a representative in
the legislature in 1772, served with dis
tinction as a captain at the battle of
Bunker Hill, became a colonel, and con
tinued in the continental army until 1777.
Afterward he. sat in the Connecticut leg
islature, in which he was chosen spean-
er; was a member of the council in 1788-
91 and 1803; supervisor of the district of
Connecticut from 1791 to 1801. He died
Nov. 4, 1809, in Wethersfield, Conn.
CHESTER, JOSEPH LEMUEL, jour
nalist, author, was born April 30, 1821, in
Norwich. Conn. He was a Philadelphia
journalist who went to England in 1858,
living in London, and devoting himself to
antiquarian research till he became one
of the most famous genealogists of his
clay. His own writings include Green
wood Cemetery and Other Poems; Treat
ise on the Laws of Repulsion; Education
al Laws of Virginia: the personal narra
tive of Margaret Douglass, imprisoned for
the crime of teaching free colored cnil-
dren to read; John Rogers, the Compiler
of the English Bible; and Preliminary In
vestigation of the Alleged Ancestry of
George Washington. His most important
antiquarian work is an edition of the
Marriage, Baptismal, and Burial Regis
ters of Westminster Abbey, with notes,
on which he spent seventeen years' labor.
He edited also the parish registers of six
London city churches. He died May 28,
1882, in London, England.
CHESTERMAN, ALONZO DECATUR,
A. M., educator, was born Jan. 15, 1840,
in Hanover county, Va. In 1860 he grad
uated from the Hampden Sidney college,
Virginia. He has been principal of the
Florence academy, Alabama; principal of
the Marshall state normal college, West
Virginia; principal of the Holly Springs
normal institute, and of the classical
school, Mississippi.
CHESTNUT, JAMES, soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 1815, in
Camden, S. C. He was a member of the
state legislature in 1842-52; from 1854 to
3858 was a member of the state senate;
and was appointed to the United States
senate, taking his seat during the second
session of the thirty-fifth congress.
CHETLAIN. AUGUSTA 'LOUIS, soldier,
banker, was born Dec. 26, 1824, in St.
Louis. Mo. He attended the common
schools of Galena, 111.; became a mer
chant in that city; and was the first vol
unteer at a meeting held in response to
the president's call after the bombard
ment of Fort Sumter in 1861. He was
commissioned lieutenant-colonel In the
twelfth regiment Illinois infantry; and in
1863 was promoted brigadier-general. He
raised a force of seventeen thousand
men, for which service he was brevetted
major-general: and served gallantly for
five years in the war. During 1867-69 he
was assessor of internal revenue for the
district of Utah; and was then appointed
United States consul at Brussels. During
1872-93 he was engaged as a banker and
-.stockbroker in Chicago.
CHETWOOD, JOHN, lawyer, author,
was born April 28, 1859, in Elizabeth, N.
J. He graduated from the law school of
the Columbia college, and has attained
prominence as a lawyer. He is the au
thor of Immigration Fallacies; and has
contributed extensively to current litera
ture.
CHETWOOD, WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1769, in Elizabeth-
town, N. J. He at one time served in the
state council of New Jersey; and was
elected to congress from that state, to fill
a vacancy during the administration of
President Jackson. He died Dec. 18, 1857,
in Elizabethtown, N. J.
CHEVERUS, JEAN L.( Roman catho
lic bishop, was born Jan. 28, 1768, in
France. In 1808 the diocese of Boston
was created, and in 1810 he was conse
crated first bishop of Boston. In 1818 he
purchased and dedicated St. Augustine's,
the first catholic cemetery in Boston. In
1823 he returned to France, and in 1836
was proclaimed a cardinal. He died July
19, 1836.
CHEVES, LANGDON. lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 17, 1776, in
Rocky River, S. C. He was elected to the
state legislature in 1808; was a presiden
tial elector in 1809; and afterward attor
ney-general of the state. He was a rep
resentative in congress from South Caro
lina from 1811 to 1816, and was speaker
during the second session of the thir
teenth congress. He was also a commis
sioner of claims under the treaty of
Ghent; judge of the court of common
pleas from 1816 to 1819, and for a time
president of the United States bank. He
died June 25, 1857, in Columbia, S. C.
CHEW, BENJAMIN, lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 29, 1722, in West River,
Md. In 1774 he became chief justice of
the state of Pennsylvania. For several
years was speaker in the house of dele
gates; and in 1790 was appointed presi
dent of the high court of errors and ap
peals. He died Jan. 20, 1810.
CHICKERING, CHARLES A., educator,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Nov. 26, 1843, in Harrisburg, N. Y. He
was a member of the assembly in 1879,
1880, and 1881; was elected clerk of the
assembly in 1884, and re-elected in 1885-
90. He nas been chairman of the repub
lican county committee of Lewis county,
secretary of the republican state commit
tee, and also a member of the executive
committee of that body. He was elected
to the fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-
fifth congresses as a republican.
CHICKERING, JESSE, physician, au
thor, was born Aug. 31, 1797, in Dover, N.
H. He was a Boston physician who was a
Unitarian minister in his earlier career,
and later became a noted writer on politi
cal economy. He was the author of Sta
tistical View of the Population of Massa
chusetts, 1765-1840; Emigration into the
United States; Reports on the Census of
Boston; and Letter to the President on
Slavery in Relation to Constitutional
Government in Great Britain and the
United States. He died May 29, 1855, in
West Roxbury, Mass.
CHICKERING, JOHN WHITE, clergy
man, author, was born in 1808, in Massa
chusetts. He was a congregational clergy
man of Portland, Maine, in 1835-65. and
the author of What it is to Believe in
Christ, a very widely circulated tract;
and The Hillside Church.
CHICKERING. JONAS, manufacturer,
inventor, was born April 5, 1797, in New
Ipswich, N. H. He manufactured Chlck-
ering pianos; and invented various im
provements. He died Dec. 8, 1853. in
Boston, Mass.
CHICKERING, THOMAS EDWARD,
soldier, manufacturer, was born Oct. 22,
1824, in Boston, Mass. The Chickerings
developed a piano of brilliant quality,
which vied with the Steinway piano for
the favor of musicians and the public,
and has been practically the only Ameri
can rival of the Steinway among those
who are content with nothing less than
first-class instruments. The principal
salesroom of the firm was in New York
city. In 1862 he left Boston in command
of the forty-first Massachusetts volun
teers, and at the close of the war was
brevetted brigadier-general. He died
Feb. 14, 1871, in Boston, Mass.
CHILCOTT, GEORGE MILES, lawyer,
legislator, United States senator, was
born Jan. 2, 1828, in Huntingdon, Pa. He
was elected to the territorial legislature.
In 1859 he settled in Colorado; in 1861
was elected to the legislature of that ter
ritory; in 1862 was admitted to the bar
of the same; and in 1863 was appointed
a register of the land office, serving four
years. In 1866 he was elected a delegate
from Colorado to the fortieth congress;
and in 1882 was appointed a United States
senator from Colorado, to fill a vacancy.
He died March 6, 1891, in St. Ixmis, Mo.
CHILD, DAVID LEE, journalist, was
born July 8, 1794, in West Boylston, Mass.
He was graduated at Harvard in 1817;
was secretary of legation in Lisbon about
1820, and was admitted to the bar. He
edited the Massachusetts Journal about
1830, and while a member of the legisla
ture denounced the annexation of Texas,
afterward publishing a pamphlet on the
subject, entitled Naboth's Vineyard. With
his wife he edited the Anti-Slavery
Standard in New York in 1843-44. He was
distinguished for the independence of his
character, and the boldness with which
he denounced social wrongs. He died
Sept. 18, 1874, in Wayland. Mass.
CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES, educator,
author, was born Feb. 1, 1825, in Boston.
Mass. He was a professor at Harvard
university in 1851-96, and the foremost
authority upon all matters pertaining to
ballad literature. He edited the Ameri
can edition of The British Poets, in 136
volumes; English and Scottish Popular
Ballads; The Debate between the Body
and the Soul, and other specimens of me
diaeval literature. As a Chaucerian schol
ar he had few equals. He was the author
of Observations on the Language of Chau
cer; and Observations on the Language
of Gower's Confessio Amantis.
CHILD, MRS. LYDIA MARIA, author,
was born Feb. 11, 1802, in Medford, Mass.
She was a famous writer whose literary
career began with the publication of Ho-
bomok, a Tale of Early Times, in 1821.
and closed with Aspirations of the World,
in 1878. In 1833 she sacrificed much of
her popularity by her Appeal for that
Class of Americans Called Africans, and
was ever after prominent as an abolition
ist, assisting her husband in editing the
National Anti-Slavery Standard. Among
her other works are included The Rebels,
a novel in which occurs a speech by James
Otis and a sermon by Whitefield, long
supposed to be real and not imaginary;
The First Settlers of New England; The
Mothers Book; The Girl's Book; Philo-
thea, a Greek romance; The Power of
Kindness; Isaac T. Hopper, a True Life,
a popular biography of a noted Quaker
abolitionist; The Progress of Religious
Ideas: Autumnal Leaves: Looking To
ward Sunset; The Freedman's Book: and
Mlria. a Romance of the Republic. She
died Oct. 20, 1880. in Wayland, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
21 :i
CHILDS, GEORGE WILLIAM, journal
ist, author, was born May 12, 1829, in Bal
timore, Md. He was a noted journalist
of Philadelphia who
established the Pub
lic Ledger in 1864,
and was the author
of Recollections of
General Grant; and
Personal Recollec
tions. For nearly
two years, in 1842-
43, he was an ap
prentice on board
the ship Pennsyl
vania of the United
States navy. In 1850
he became a member of the publishing
firm of Peterson and Co., which was
changed to Childs and Peterson. In 1864
he purchased The Public .Ledger of Phila
delphia. As a philanthropist he was very
liberal; and gave freely of his means to
many charitable institutions. He died
Feb. 3, 1894, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CHILDS, HENRY HALSEY, physician,
was born June 7, 1783, in Pittsfield. Mass.
He organized the Berkshire medical insti
tute, which became a college in 1837, and
of which he was professor of the theory
and practice of medicine, and president
until 1863. He represented Pittsfield in
the legislature of 1816 and 1827; in the
constitutional convention of 1820; state
senator in 1837, and was lieutenant gover
nor of Massachusetts in 1843. He died
March 22, 1868, in Boston, Mass.
CHILDS, HENRY WARREN, lawyer,
was born Nov. 24, 1848, in Belgium, N. Y.
In 1887 he was appointed assistant attor
ney-general and took up his residence in
St. Paul, Minn. In 1892 he was elected
attorney-general; and in 1894 was re-
elected to the same office.
CHILDS, JOHN LEWIS, horticulturist,
journalist, was born May 13, 1856. He es
tablished The Mayflower, which is made
up of the prominent floriculturists, horti
culturists and agriculturists in the world.
CHILDS, ORVILLE WHITMORE, en
gineer, was born Dec. 27, 1802, in Still-
water, N. Y. He was chief engineer of
the Terre Haute and Alton railroad in
1855-58, and was afterward employed by
the state to fix the boundaries of the city
and county of New York. He was presi
dent of the Central Transportation com
pany and of the Philadelphia car-works.
He died Sept. 6, 1870, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CHILDS, ROBERT A., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 22, 1845, in
Malone, N. Y. He enlisted in General
Stephen A. Hurlbut's company, which
subsequently became a part of the fif
teenth Illinois infantry volunteers, and
served throughout the war. In 1884 he
was presidential elector; and was elected
to the fifty-third congress as a repub
lican.
CHILDS, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive from that state during the thirty-
fourth congress.
CHILDS, TIMOTHY, congressman, was
born in Massachusetts. He was a mem
ber of the assembly of New York in 1828
and 1833; and was a representative in
congress from that state from 1829 to
1831, from 1835 to 1839, and. again from
1841 to 1843. He died in November, 1847,
in Santa Cruz.
CHILDS, WILLIAM H., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Nov. 4, 1841, In Paris,
Ky. This eminent lawyer was a member
of the Montana territorial legislature in
1866; and became president of the upper
house the following year.
CHILES, MRS. MARY ELIZA, author,
poet, was born in 1820, in Kentucky.
Among her writings are Louisa Elton, a
reply to Uncle Tom; Bandits of Italy;
Oswyn Dudley; and Select Poems.
CHILLSON, WILLIAM DEEL, lawyer,
jurist, was born Nov. 19, 1825, in Ticonde-
roga, N. Y. In early life he was steam
engineer and steam sawmill builder, and
sawed the first board cut by steam power
in Minnesota, at St. Paul, in 1850. He has
traveled and lectured on Science and the
Bible, and is the author of a religious
work. He has attained success in the
practice of law, and has twice filled the
office of county judge.
CHILSON, GARDNER, inventor, was
born in 1804, in Thompson, Conn. He
went to Boston in 1837, and engaged in
the manufacture of stoves and furnaces
at Mansfield, Mass. As early as 1844 he
devised a furnace that received a prize
medal at the London world's fair in 1851.
Among his numerous inventions are coni
cal radiators, applied to stoves and fur
naces. He died Nov. 21, 1877.
CHILTON, HORACE, lawyer, United
States senator, was born in Tyler, Tex.
He was a delegate at large from Texas to
the national democratic convention at St.
Louis in 1888; and served one term as as
sistant attorney-general of Texas by ap
pointment. He was elected to the United
States senate without practical opposi
tion, as the successor of Hon. Richard
Coke. His term of service will expire
March 3, 1901.
CHILTON, SAMUEL, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1804, in Virginia. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1843 to 1845; and after
retiring from congress was a member of
the state constitutional convention. He
died Jan. 14, 1867, in Fauquier county, Va.
CHILTON, THOMAS, clergyman, was
born July 30, 1798, in Garrard county, Ky.
He was a member of the Kentucky state
legislature for several sessions, and for
four terms a member of congress from
Kentucky, during 1829-37. While prac
ticing law with success he became a bap
tist preacher, and moved to Alabama, and
was elected president of the Alabama
baptist state convention, and soon aban
doned the law. He died Aug. 15, 1854, in
Montgomery, Tex.
CHILTON, WILLIAM P., jurist, lawyer,
statesman, was born in Kentucky. He
was, at different times, a member of each
house of the Alabama legislature. In
1848 he was elected to the supreme court
of Alabama, serving part of the time as
chief justice for a term of ten years. Dur
ing the existence of the confederate gov
ernment, 1861-65, he was a member of its
congress. He died Jan. 20, 1871, in Ala
bama.
CHINN, JOSEPH W., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1831 to 1835. He died Dec.
5, 1840, in Richmond, Va.
CHINN, THOMAS W., congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was elected a
representative in congress from Louisiana
from 1839 to 1841.
CHIPMAN, DANIEL, lawyer, congress
man, author, was born Oct. 22. 1765, in
Salisbury, Conn. He was for many years
in the legislature, and was frequently
speaker of the house of representatives
of his state. He was a member of the last
state constitutional convention; was the
first reporter of the decisions of the su
preme court, and author of an able work
on Law Contracts for the Sale of Spe
cific Articles. He was a member of con
gress from 1815 to 1817. He died April
23, 1850, in Ripton, Vt.
CHIPMAN. HENRY, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1785. in Vermont. He was ap
pointed a judge of the United States for
the territory of Michigan; removed to
Detroit, and from that time until his
death was one of the most influential citi
zens of the state. He died April 27, 1867,
in Detroit, Mich.
CHIPMAN, J. LOGAN, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born June 5, 1830, in
Detroit, Mich. In 1856 he was elected city
attorney of Detroit, and held that position
till 1861. In 1863 he was elected to the
Michigan legislature; and in 1865 was ap
pointed attorney of the police board of
Detroit. In 1879 he was elected judge of
the superior court of Detroit, to which po
sition he was re-elected at the end of six
years. He was elected to the fiftieth, fif
ty-first and fifty-second congresses as a
democrat.
CHIPMAN, JOHN S., congressman, was
born in Vermont. He was a representa
tive in congress from Michigan from 1845
to 1847; and subsequently moved to Cali
fornia.
CHIPMAN, MARCELLUS A., lawyer,
jurist, was born Sept. 27, 1852, in Nobles-
ville, Ind. In 1873 he graduated from the
law school of the Indiana state universi
ty, receiving the degree of LL. B. In
1882 he was appointed judge of the Madi
son circuit court, Indiana, which position
he filled with distinction for eight years;
and out of over twelve hundred cases
tried and decided, only two were re
versed by the supreme court. He is the
grand master of the grand lodge of Odd
Fellows of the state of Indiana.
CHIPMAN, NATHANIEL, lawyer, ju
rist, educator, author, was born Nov. 15,
1752, in Salisbury, Conn. He was professor
of law for twenty-eight years in Middle-
bury college. In 1786 he was elected a
judge of the supreme court; in 1789 was
chosen chief justice; and in 1791 was ap
pointed judge of the United States district
court. He was subsequently again elected
chief justice; and from 1797 to 1803 was a
member of the United States senate from
Vermont. In 1793 he published Sketches
of the Principles of Government; and Re
ports and Dissertations. He died Feb. 13,
1843, in Tinmouth, Vt.
CHIPMAN, NORTON P., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born March 7, 1834,
in Milford Centre, Ohio. At the close of
the war he was brevetted brigadier-gen
eral; and settled at Washington city,
where he had previously been on duty for
two years. He was appointed secretary
of the territorial government of the Dis
trict of Columbia at its organization; and
was elected a delegate to the forty-sec
ond and forty-third congresses as a re
publican.
CHISHOLM, ALEXANDER R.. soldier,
journalist, was born Nov. 19, 1834, in
Beaufort, S. C. He served in the civil war
as a confederate soldier; and rose to the
rank of colonel. In 1869 he removed to
New York city, and established The Fi
nancial and Mining Record, in connection
with a bond and stock brokerage busi
ness.
CHISHOLM, WALTER SCOTT, lawyer,
jurist, was born Nov. 17, 1836, in Colum
bus, Ga. He was judge of Savannah city
court during 1863-78; was president of the
Alabama Midland railroad; and director
of a number of business corporations. He
died Dec. 5, 1890, in New YorK.
CHISHOLM, WILLIAM, manufacturer,
inventor, was born Aug. 12, 1825, in Fife-
shire, Ohio. He invented machinery for
the manufacture of steel shovels, spades
and scoops; and established The Chis-
holm steel shovel works of Cleveland.
214
HKHRINGSHAW8 ENCYCU>PKL>1 A OK A.MKRICAX BIOGRAPHY.
CHITTENDEN, EZRA P., educator,
clergyman, poet, was born Feb. 22, 18a'l,
in Westbrook, Conn. As an educator he
has been professor of mental and physical
sciences in the St. John's school of Salina,
Kan.; and he has filled many important
pastorates in the congregational church.
The work of his life is The Pleroma, a
Poem of the Christ, the brilliancy of
which proves him to be a musical and
scholarly poet.
CHITTENDEN, LUCIUS EUGENE,
lawyer, author, was born in 1824, in Ver
mont. He is the author of Personal Remi
niscences; Recollections of Lincoln and
his Administration; An Unknown He
roine, an historical episode of the war
between the states; and The Capture of
Ticonderoga.
CHITTENDEN, MARTIN, lawyer, con
gressman, governor, was born March 12,
1769, in Salisbury, Conn. He was a mem
ber of the convention that adopted the
United States constitution; in 1790 was
elected county clerk and representative,
to which position he was re-elected for
six years successively, and also at occa
sional subsequent intervals. He was judge
of the county court from 1793 to 1795;
chief justice from 1796 to 1803; and was a
representative in congress from 1803 to
1813. He was governor of Vermont in
1813 and 1814; and was judge of probate
in 1821 and 1822. He died Sept. 5 1841
in Williston, Vt.
CHITTENDEN, RUSSELL HENRY,
educator, author, was born Feb. 18, 1856,
in New Haven, Conn. He is a professor
of chemistry in the Sheffield scientific
school at Yale university, and the author
of Studies from the Laboratory of Physi
ology and Chemistry in Sheffield Scien
tific School; and On Digestive Proteolysis.
CHITTENDEN, SIMEON BALDWIN,
railroad president, congressman, was born
March 29, 1814, in Guilford, Conn. He
was vice-president of the New York Cham
ber of Commerce from 1867 to 1869; one
of the directors in the Continental bank,
and New London Shore-Line Railroad of
Connecticut. He was elected to the forty-
third congress, to fill a vacancy, and was
re-elected to the forty-fourth, forty-fifth
and forty-sixth congresses. He died April
14, 1889, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
CHITTENDEN, SIMEON DUDLEY,
railroad manager, was born July 20 185l'
in Guilford, Conn. During 1873-94 he was
connected with the Delaware, Lackawan-
na and Western railroad; and since 1895
has been general manager of the Carra-
belle, Tallahassee and Georgia railroad.
CHITTENDEN, T. C., congressman, was
born in Massachusetts. He was elected a
representative from that state to the
twenty-sixth and twenty-seventh con
gresses.
CHITTENDEN, THOMAS, soldier, leg
islator, governor, was born Jan. 6, 1730
in East Guilford, Conn. He was for many
years a representative in the legislature
and justice of the peace. In 1774 he moved
to the New Hampshire grants, as Vermont
was then called, and settled at Williston,
on the Onion river. He rendered service
to the state in the councils during the rev
olution; was a member of the convention
in 1777 which declared Vermont an inde
pendent state, and was one of the commis
sioners to solicit admission into the con
federacy. In 1777 he was a member of the
state constitutional convention; president
of the council of safety; and in 1778 was
chosen governor of the state, and. with
the exception of one year, filled that office
until his death. He died Aug. 24, 1797, in
Williston. Vt.
CHITTICK, OLIVER USHER FUN-
STON, clergyman, was born Oct. 13, 1870,
in Canada. He received a thorough col
legiate education; has attained distinc
tion as an eloquent clergyman of the
methodist church, and now fills a pastor
ate in Washta, Iowa.
CHIVERS, THOMAS HOLLEY, physi
cian, poet, was born in 1807. He was a
Georgia physician and poet, and the au
thor of Virginalia, or Songs of My Sum
mer Nights; Atlanta, a Paul Epic in
Three Lustra; and The Lost Pleiad. He
died in 1858.
CHOATE, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1796. He served in both branches
of the Massachusetts legislature. He held
the office of trial justice for many years
in Essex, and was an active supporter
of benevolent institutions. He died Dec.
15, 1872, in Essex, Mass.
CHOATE, ISAAC BASSETT, educator,
poet, was born July 12, 1833, in Naples,
Maine. He is an educator of Boston, and
the author of Elements of English Speech;
and Wells of English.
CHOATE, JOSEPH HODGES, lawyer,
was born Jan. 24, 1832, in Salem, Mass.
As one of the old committee of seventy,
which routed the Tweed ring, he obtained
the reinstatement of Gen. Fitz John Por
ter to his rank in the army after a pro
longed struggle, and successfully de
fended the Ce.snola collection of ancient
statuary in the Metropolitan Museum of
Art against imputations affecting its in
tegrity.
CHOATE, RUFUS, lawyer, statesman,
author, was born Oct. 1, 1799, in Essex,
Mass. In 1825 he was elected a representa
tive to the Massa
chusetts legislature;
and in 1827 was in
the senate of the
same state. In 1832
he was elected a
member of congress
from the Essex dis
trict; declined a re
election in 1834, and
removed to Boston,
to devote himself to
his profession. On
the retirement of Mr.
Webster from the senate, Mr. Choate was
elected to fill the vacancy. He was the
author of Addresses and Orations. He
died July 13, 1850, in Halifax, N. S.
CHOATE, WILLIAM GARDINER, jur
ist, was born about 1830 in Massachusetts.
For some time he was United States judge
of the southern district of New York, an
office which he resigned to resume the
practice of his profession in New York
city.
CHOPE, EDWARD B., soldier, entomol
ogist, was born in 1839, in Detroit, Mich.
He served three years in the army during
the civil war; and was severely wounded
at the battle of Gettysburg. In 1888 he
became connected with the Milwaukee
Public museum, and since 1896 with the
Field Columbian museum of Chicago; and
has attained prominence as a noted ento
mologist.
CHOPIN, MRS. KATE, author, was born
in 1851 in Missouri. She is a writer of St.
Louis, and the author of Bayou Folk;
and At Fault, a novel.
CHOULES, JOHN OVERTON, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 5, 1801, in
England. He was a baptist clergyman of
Newport, and the author of History of
Missions; Christian Offering; Young
Americans Abroad; and Cruise of Steam
Yacht North Star. He died Jan. 5, 1856,
in New York city.
CHOUTEAU, PIERRE, fur merchant.
About 1806 he visited Dubuque in a canoe
to trade with the Sac and Fox Indians.
Several other large dealers in furs were
at times the partners of Mr. Chouteau.
among them, John Jacob Astor of New
York. In 1834 his associates and he pur
chased Mr. Astor's interest in the Ameri
can Fur company.
CHRISMAN, JAMES S., congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was a member
of the constitutional convention of that
state in 1849: and a representative in con
gress from 1853 to 1855. He was a mem
ber of the executive council of the state
from 1861 to 1865, and was a member of
the confederate congress during its ex
istence.
CHRISTENSEN, CHRISTIAN T.. sol
dier, was born Jan. 26, 1832, in Denmark.
He served in the civil war and attained
the rank of brigadier-general. In 1890 he
was elected president of the Brooklyn
Trust company.
CHRISTIAN, GEORGE CLARK, soldier,
lawyer, lecturer, politician, was born Feb.
20, 1841, in Elkton, Ky. He served during
the war in the confederate army, and
rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He
has taken an active part in politics, and
was for many years one of the leaders of
the prohibition party in the United States.
For twenty years he was professor of
medical jurisprudence and insanity in the
Bennett Medical college of Chicago, and
was one of the founders of that insti
tution. He founded the Inter-State Sum
mer Normal and Educational assembly
of Eureka Springs, Ark., and was its man
ager for three years.
CHRISTIAN, GEORGE HENRY, miller,
was born Jan. 14, 1839, in Alabama. In
1867 he moved from Chicago to Minneap
olis; and later, with C. C. Washburn, en
gaged extensively in the flouring indus
try there. The business was conducted
under the name of Geo. H. Christian and
Co. until 1875, when the senior partner
retired, and his properties were trans
ferred to the Northwestern Consolidated
Milling company. He is now president
and chief owner of the Hardwood Manu
facturing company of Minneapolis, Minn.
CHRISTIAN, JOSEPH, state senator,
jurist, was born July 10, 1828, in Middlesex
county, Va. Before and during the war
he was a member of the senate of Vir
ginia, and at its close he was made a
district judge, and soon advanced to the
supreme court of appeals. His name has
been prominent as a candidate for the
United States senate, and also for the su
preme court of the United States.
CHRISTIANCY, ISAAC P.. lawyer,
statesman, was born March, 1812, in
Johnstown, N. Y. He was prosecuting
attorney for Monroe county, and in 1848
attended the free soil convention in Buf
falo. In 1849 he was elected to the state
senate; in 1852 was the candidate for gov
ernor of the free soil party, and was a
prime mover in the political combinations
of 1854. He was a delegate to the Phila
delphia convention of 1856, and soon after
wards purchased The Monroe Commer
cial and became its editor. In 1857 he
was elected a judge of the supreme court
of the state, and in 1865 re-elected for
eight years by the unanimous vote of all
parties. He served as an officer on the
staffs of Generals A. A. Humphreys and
G. A. Custer during the rebellion; and
was elected a senator in congress from
Michigan for the term ending in 1881, and
resigned in January, 1879, to accept the
appointment of United States minister to
Peru. He died Sept. 8. 1890, in Lansing,
Mich.
CHRISTIANSEN, CHARLES, clergy
man. He has attained eminence as a
prominent minister in the congregational
church, and has filled many important pas
torates in Illinois, and now resides in
Danway.
HKRRINCJSHAWS ENCYCLOPBDIA OF AMKRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
215
CHRISTIE, GABRIEL, congressman
He was a representative in congress from
to "97- and from
CHRISTIE, WILLIAM H., soldier phy
sician, was born March 31, 1844 in Ber
gen county, N. J. In 1868 he graduated
from the Rush Medical college of Chicago
111. He served as a private soldier during
the civil war. In 1884 he was a delegate
to the national republican convention
bince 1890 he has filled the chair of ma-
teria medica and principles of therapeu
tics in the Omaha Medical college, Neb
He is a member of the national, state,
district, and other medical societies; and
has contributed extensively to medical
literature and the periodical press gen
erally.
CHRISTY, EDWIN P., minstrel, was
born in 1815. He organized the original
Christy's Minstrels, in Buffalo, N. Y., in
1842, and was afterward their manager.
He took the troupe to London, met with
great success both here and there, and
retired with a fortune in 1854 He died
May 21, 1862, in New York city.
CHRISTY, GEORGE N., minstrel, was
born Nov. 6, 1827, in Palmyra, N. Y. He
made his first appearance in Buffalo in
1839, under E. P. Christy's management.
After the organization of the Christy min
strels he was the star of the troupe, and
was the original Lucy Long and Cachuca
He died May 12, 1868, in New York city.
CHRISTY, JOHN H., congressman. He
was elected a representative from Georgia
to the fortieth congress.
CHRISTY, SAMUEL W., lawyer, legis
lator, was born June 20, 1856, in Keokuk,
county, Iowa. He was elected a repre
sentative of the Nebraska legislature in
1889, and in 1896 was a delegate to the
republican national convention at St.
Louis.
CHRISTY, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
author, was born Dec. 6, 1791, in George
town, Ky. He served under Harrison in
the war of 1812, and became a merchant
in New Orleans. He published a Digest of
the Decisions of the Supreme Court of
Louisiana.
CHRYSLER, MORGAN HENRY, sol
dier, was born Sept. 30, 1826, in Ghent, N.
Y. He was present at the capture of
Mobile, with its surrounding defences, was
brevetted brigadier-general in 1864, and
made brigadier-general of volunteers and
brevet major-general in 1865.
CHUBB, HENRY STEDMAN, state leg^
islator, was born March 24, 1858, in Edger-
ton, Wis. He was director and general
manager of the Heather Island Orange
company; was president of a building and
loan association. He served two years in
the state legislature; and has been presi
dent of the council and mayor of his town.
CHUBBUCK, SAMUEL W., inventor,
was born in 1800 in Vermont. He made, it
is said, the first telegraphic instrument
ever manufactured. One of his inventions
was that by which the paper on the reel
could be used forty times. The circuit-
closer attachment to the key, and the
famous pony sounder, were also invented
by him. He was a collector of coins and
scientific instruments, and at one time
had a coin collection valued at $30,000.
He died June 28. 1875, in Utica, N. Y.
CHURCH, ALBERT ENSIGN, educator
author, was born in 1807 in Salisbury,'
Conn. He was a mathematical professor
at West Point, 1833-78, and the author of
Elements of Differential Calculus; Ele
ments of the Calculus of Variations; Ele
ments of Analytical Geometry; Elements
of Descriptive Geometry; and Elements of
Analytical Trigonometry. He died March
30, 1878, in West Point, N. Y.
CHURCH, AUSTIN, manufacturer was
born Jan. 8, 1799. in East Haddam Conn
During the practice of his profession in
Ithaca, Rochester, Utica and Coopers-
town, N. Y., he originated the notion of
substituting bi-carbonate of soda in place
of the kindred preparation of potash for
baking purposes, and in 1832 established
in Rochester the pioneer factory in this
line. Success rewarded his enterprise,
and. in 1845, he removed the business to
New York city, where his firm of Church
and Co. rose during the thirty years fol
lowing to a leading position in the trade.
He died Aug. 7, 1879, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
CHURCH, BENJAMIN, soldier author
was born in 1639 in Duxbury, Mass. He
was a famous colonial soldier, the con
queror of King Philip, and the founder of
Little Compton, Rhode Island. Enter
taining Passages Relating to Philip's War
is a personal narrative of his adventures.
He died Jan. 17, 1718, in New Compton
R. I.
CHURCH, BENJAMIN, physician, au
thor, poet, was born in 1734 in Rhode
Island. He was a Boston physician of con
siderable note as a political satirist and
poet; and is the author of The Times, a
political satire; Elegy on Dr. Mayhew;
Address to a Provincial Bashaw; and
Elegy on the Death of Whitefield He
died in 1776.
CHURCH, BENJAMIN SILLIMAN, civil
engineer, was born April 17, 1836, in Bel-
videre. He has had charge of the water
supply of the city of New York from
time to time during the past thirty years.
His greatest achievement has been the
projecting and constructing of the new
Croton aqueduct, the source of the water
supply of New York city.
CHURCH, EDWARD B., educator, cler
gyman, was born Sept. 7, 1844, in Gren-
ville, Miss. In 1880 he established the
Irving institute for the higher education
of women at San Francisco, Cal.
CHURCH, MRS. ELLA RODMAN au
thor, was born in 1831 in New York. ' She
is a popular and prolific writer of mis
cellaneous works, among which are
Flights of Fancy; Grandmother's Recol
lections; The Catanese; Christmas
Wreath; Golden Days; Flyers and Crawl
ers, or Talks About Insects; Talks by
the Seashore; Among the Trees at Elm-
ridge; Flower Talks at Elmridge; Home
Animals; Some Useful Animals; How to
Furnish a Home; and Money-Making for
Ladies.
CHURCH, FRANCIS PHARCELLUS
journalist, was born Feb. 22, 1839, in Roch
ester, N. Y. He became one of the editors
and publishers of the Army and Navy
Journal, and later, with his brother
founded and edited the Galaxy magazine'
He is also a leading editorial writer for
New York daily journals.
CHURCH, FREDERICK E., artist, was
born May 4, 1826, in Hartford, Conn. He
is well known as a landscape painter
and his View of Niagara Falls, now in the
Corcoran art gallery of Washington, D. C.
won a prize at the French exhibition in
1867.
He paints in oil and water-color, and
draws in black and white, and has fur
nished many illustrations for books and
periodicals. His principal works are Sea
•Princess; Back from the Beach; Muskrat's
Foggy Day; A Willing Captive-
Retaliation; Peacocks in the Snow; The
Sorceress; and Pegasus Captured.
CHURCH, IRVING PORTER, educator
author, was born July 22, 1851, in An-
sonia, Conn. He is a professor of en
gineering at Cornell university, and the
author of Statics and Dynamics for En
gineering Students; Mechanics of Ma
terials; Hydraulics and Pneumatics, three
works which were afterwards published
as Mechanics of Engineering; and Notes
and Examples in Mechanics.
CHURCH, JARVIS S., lawyer, jurist,
was born April 2, 1830, in Springboro.
Crawford county, Pa. He received his
education at the
Kingsville academy,
Ohio; and the Ober-
lin college. He was
admitted to the bar
in Waterloo, Iowa,
in 1857, and has at
tained prominence
as an able lawyer of
Auburn, Neb. For
three years he was
county judge in Cer-
ro Gordo county,
Iowa; and ten years
served as county judge of Nebraska coun
ty, Neb. His decisions have shown him to
possess a clear legal mind, for judicial
fairness and justice. He is prominent in
the public affairs of his county and state.
CHURCH, JOHN ADAMS, mining en
gineer, author, was born April 5 1843 in
Rochester, N. Y. He is the author of The
Mining Schools of the United States;
Notes on a Metallurgical Journey in Eu
rope; The Comstock Lode; Report on the
Striking of Artesian Water; and Arizona.
CHURCH, LEONARD C., soldier state
legislator, was born Jan. 31, 1846, in Wai-
worth, Wis. He served during the civil
war in company L, third Wisconsin cav
alry. He was county treasurer for three
terms, and in 1896 was elected a member
of the Wisconsin state assembly.
CHURCH, LOUIS KOSSUTH, lawyer,
jurist, governor, was born Dec. 11, 1846,
in Brooklyn, N. Y. He was the son of
Judge Rodney C. Church, a noted jurist
of Brooklyn, who died in 1871. He fin
ished his education in the Columbia Law
college, and became a noted lawyer in
New York city. He served in the state
legislature during 1882-85; was a Cleve
land reformer, and with Theodore Roose
velt was active in bringing about muni
cipal reforms. In 1885 his name was men
tioned for the office of secretary of state,
and also for congress, but he accepted
from President Cleveland an appointment
as associate judge of the supreme court
in the fifth judicial district of Dakota
territory. He filled this position until
December, 1886, when he was appointed
territorial governor. In 1889 he resigned,
and a year later entered the practice of
law in Seattle, Wash., and in 1891 moved
to Everett, where he died Nov. 25, 1897.
CHURCH, FREDERICK S., painter,
was born in 1842 in Grand Rapids, Mich.
CHURCH, PHARCELLUS, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 11, 1801, in Seneca,
N. Y. He was the author of Philosophy of
Benevolence; Religious Dissensions, their
Cause and Cure; Antioch, or Increase of
Moral Power in the Church; Mapleton, or
More Work for the Maine Law; Seed-
Truths; and Theodosia. He died June 5,
1886, in Tarrytown, N. Y.
216
HERKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CHURCH, SAMUEL, HARDEN, author,
was born in 1858 in Pennsylvania. He is
the author of Oliver Cromwell, a careful
historical study.
CHURCH, SANFORD ELIAS, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born April 18, 1815,
in Milford, N. Y. In 1842 he was a mem
ber of the state assembly from Orleans
county, and from that time he was active
in the support of the democratic party.
He was district attorney for his county in
1846-47, lieutenant-governor in 1851-55,
comptroller of the state, 1858-59, and a
member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1867, serving as chairman of
the committee on finance. He died May
14, 1880, in Albion, N. Y.
CHURCH, WILLIAM CONANT, soldier,
journalist, was born Aug. 11, 1836, in
Rochester, N. Y. He received his edu
cation at the Rochester Collegiate insti
tute and the Public Latin school at Bos
ton. During the war he served as cap
tain and brevet lieutenant-colonel of the
United States volunteers. He served as
government inspector of the Northern Pa
cific Railroad company; was vice-com
mander of the Military Order of the Loyal
Legion; chairman of the committee to in
vestigate the care of the insane, and has
filled various other public positions of
honor. He is now the editor of the Army
and Navy Journal of New York city.
CHURCH, WILLIAM E., soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 7, 1841, in
Biooklyn, N. Y. He enlisted in the union
army in 1862, and was promoted to the
rank of captain and assistant adjutant-
general. In 1883 he was appointed asso
ciate justice of the supreme court of Da
kota territory.
CHURCHILL, JOHN CHARLES, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Jan.
17, 1821, in Mooers, N. Y. From 1857 to
1859 he was the district attorney for Os-
wego county, and was county judge of
the same county from 1860 to 1863. In
1866 he was elected a representative from
New York to the fortieth congress, and
re-elected to the forty-first congress.
CHURCHILL, THOMAS J., statesman.
He was governor of Arkansas from 1881
to 1883.
CHURCHMAN, JOHN, author, was
born in Maryland. He belonged to the
Society of Friends, and was noted for
his investigations into the causes of the
variations of the magnetic needle. In ad
dition to several philosophical treatises,
he also published a variation-chart of the
Globe, Magnetic Atlas, and Explanation.
He died July 24, 1805.
CHURCHWELL. WILLIAM M.. con
gressman, was born in Tennessee. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1852 to 1855.
CHUTE, HORATIO NELSON, educator,
author, was born Dec. 26, 1847, in Canada.
He graduated from the university of Mich
igan; and since 1873 has been an instruct
or of science in the Ann Arbor High
school. He Is the author of Elements of
Physics; Physical Laboratory Manual, and
Laboratory Work.
CHUTE, WILLIAM EDWARD, edu
cator, author, was born April 24, 1832,
in Nova Scotia. He has taught school and
given singing lessons for forty years in
New York, Minnesota, Missouri, Michigan
and Maine. He is the author of the
Chute Genealogy and other works; and
has assisted in the editing of the Baptist
Hymn Writer; American Musicians; and
other musical and hymnal works.
CILLEY, BRADBURY, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from 1813 to 1817.
CILLEY, JONATHAN, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born July 2,
1802, in Nottingham, N. H. He was at
one time speaker of the house of repre
sentatives of Maine, of which he was a
member from 1832 to 1837; and was a
presidential elector in 1832. He was a
member of congress from Maine from
1837 to the time of his death. He died
Feb. 24, 1838. in Bladensburg, Md.
CILLEY, JONATHAN PRINCE, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born Dec. 29, 1835,
in Thomaston, Maine. He attended the
Military academy of Pembroke, N. H., and
in 1858 he graduated from Bowdoin col
lege, and has since attained prominence
as an eminent lawyer of Rockland, Maine.
During the civil war he served in the first
regiment of the Maine cavalry, and be
came captain, major, colonel, and brevet
brigadier-general. He served as a mem
ber of the Maine state legislature, and in
1876-78 was adjutant-general of Maine.
He is the author of a genealogy of the
Cilley family.
CILLEY, JOSEPH, soldier, was born in
1735, in Nottingham, N. H. He was a
colonel in the first New Hampshire regi
ment in the revolutionary war, and major-
general of militia in 1786. He died Aug.
25, 1799, in Nottingham, N. H.
CILLEY, JOSEPH, United States sena
tor, was born Jan. 4, 1791, in Nottingham,
N. H. He was a senator in congress from
that state from 1846 to 1847. He died Sept.
16, 1887, in Nottingham, N. H.
CIST, CHARLES, journalist, author,
was born Aug. 15, 1738, in Russia. He
began the publication of The American
Herald in 1784, and of the Columbian
Magazine in 1786. Mr. Cist aided the col
onial government during the revolution by
endorsing large amounts of continental
currency, which later he was compelled
to redeem. He was the first person to in
troduce anthracite coal into general use
in the I'nited States. In 1792 he was a
member of the Lehigh Coal company.
He died Dec. 2, 1805, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CIST, CHARLES, journalist, author,
was born April 24, 1793, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was the editor of Cist's Advertiser
in 1844-53, and of three volumes of Annals
of Cincinnati in 1841-51 and in 1859, and
a work entitled Cincinnati Miscellany. He
died Sept. 8, 1868, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
CIST, HENRY MARTYN, soldier, law
yer, author, was born Feb. 20, 1839, In
Cincinnati, Ohio. He is a Cincinnati law
yer who served in the federal army during
the civil war and became brigadier-gen
eral. He is the author of The Army of the
Cumberland.
CIST, LEWIS JACOB, banker, author,
was born Nov. 20, 1818, in Harmony, Pa.
He was known as a banker of St. Louis
and Cincinnati who published Trifles in
Verse. He died March 30, 1885, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio.
CLAFLIN, MRS. MARY BUCKLIN, au
thor, was born in 1825 in Massachusetts.
She was the author of Brampton Sketch
es; Personal Recollections of Whittler;
Real Happenings; and Under the Elms.
She died in 1896.
CLAFLIN, WILLIAM, business man,
state senator, congressman, was born
March 6, 1818, in Milford, Mass. He was
a representative in the legislature from
1849 to 1852; a state senator in 1860 and
1861, and the last year president of the
senate. He was lieutenant-governor from
1866 to 1869; governor from 1870 to 1872,
and was elected a representative from
Massachusetts to the forty-fifth and forty-
sixth congresses.
CLAGGETT, CLIFTON, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1773 in Rock-
ingham county, N. H. He was judge of
probate of Hillsborough county from 1823
to 1827; judge of the superior court one or
two years; and was a representative in
congress from that state from 1803 to 1805,
and again from 1817 to 1821. He died in
1829.
CLAGGETT, THOMAS JOHN, bishop,
author, was born Oct. 2, 1742, in Princa
George county, Md. He was elected the
first bishop of Maryland, and was conse
crated in New York, Sept. 17, 1792, Bishop
Seabury joining in the consecration. In
1800 Bishop Claggett was chaplain to the
United States senate, this being the first
session of congress held in Washington
city. He died Aug. 2, 1816, in Croom, Md.
CLAGGETT, WILLIAM H.. state legis
lator, congressman, was born Sept. 21,
1838, in Marlborough, Md. He was a
member of the legislature of Nevada in
1862, 1863 and 1865, and was elected to the
forty-second congress from Montana.
CLAIBORNE, JOHN FRANCIS HAM-
TRAMCK, journalist, congressman, au
thor, was born April 24, 1809, in Natchez,
Miss. During three sessions he was a
representative of the Mississippi legis
lature, and during 1835-38 was a repre
sentative in congress from that state. He
was a successful journalist, and for many
years conducted the Natchez Free Trader,
and also the Louisiana Courier. He was
the author of Mississippi as a Province,
Territory and State; Life of General
Dale, and Life of Quitnam. He died May
17, 1884, in Natchez, Miss.
CLAIBORNE, JOHN HERBERT, phy
sician, author, was born March 16, 1828,
in Brunswick county, Va. He is a noted
physician of Virginia, and the author of
Diphtheria; Dysmenorrhea; and Clinical
Reports from Private Practice.
CLAIBORNE, NATHANIEL HER
BERT, congressman, author, was born
Nov. 14, 1777, in Sussex county, Va. He
served many years in the legislature of
that state; and was also a member of the
executive council. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1825 to
1837. He was the author of Notes on the
War in the South. He died Aug. 15, 1859,
in Franklin county, Va.
CLAIBORNE, THOMAS, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1793 to 1799, and again from
1801 to 1805.
CLAIBORNE, THOMAS, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1817 to 1819.
CLAIBORNE, WILLIAM CHARLES
COLE, was born in 1775 in Sussex county,
Va. He was the first governor of the
state of Louisiana.
He was a lawyer by
profession; was
judge of the supreme
court of law and
equity in Tennessee,
and in 1797 was a
representative i n
congress, and re-
elected to a second
term as a member
from Tennessee. In
1801 he was appoint
ed governor of the
Mississippi territory. In 1803 he was
commissioned to accept the transfer
of the province of Louisiana to the
United States; and was appointed
governor-general for three years, and
served until 1817. He was twenty years
in the public service. He died Dec. 23,
1817, while a representative in the United
States senate.
CLANCY, JOHN M., capitalist con-
rn£n',WaS,born May 7- 1837- In Ire
He immigrated with his parents to
New York; was ed
ucated in the public
schools of Brooklyn
N. Y.; and is in the
real estate business-
He served as an al
derman of the city of
Brooklyn from 18(38
to 1875. and was a
member of the state
assembly from 1878
to 1881. He was
elected to the fifty-
fifty-third congresses l'.,fift!r^COnd and
s a democrat,
a*ainst 13,593 votes
HKHRIN08HAWB ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
21T
port of some distinction in his day and
The lord^v0' Advice to Children;' and
CLARm, JOHN D., business man, con
gressman, was born Aug. 30, 1828, in
Smith county, Tenn. He was elected to
represent Christian
county in the consti
tutional convention
in 1890. He was ap
pointed and served
as one of the state
commissioners to the
Columbian exposi
tion at Chicago in
1893; and was elected
to the fifty-fourth
and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a demo
crat.
CLAHDY, MARTIN LINN, lawyer con
gressman, was born April 26, 1844 in St
Genevieve county, Mo. He was elected a
representative from Missouri to the forty-
s x">- forty-seventh, forty-eighth forty-
ninth and fiftieth congresses as a demo-
CT
treedman; School Day Dialogues; The
Gospel in tne Trees; Rambles in Europe;
Starting Out, a story of the Ohio Hi is-
and Ripples on the River, a collection of
verses. He died July 6, 1879, in Georgia
CLARK, ALONZO, educstor, physic! ui
author, was born March 1, 1807 Tn Ch 's
ter, Mass. From 1849-55 he was prof's-
*or of physiology and pathology in the
£e??or°kf^hySiCianS and S^eons of
New York city; was consulting physician
of the Northeastern dispensary and of he
Northern dispensary, and in 1861 was
made president of the medical board of
at. Luke s hospital. He was a noted lec
turer, and the author of a number of artt-
$*«$ meMCal sub?ects- He died Sept.
id, 1887, in New York.
6
', R°GER- author- was born April
D England- He was a colonist of
1 Th°Se Memoirs, written for
been several times re-
nhw! considerable histori
cal value. He d,ed Feb. 2, 1691, in Boston,
congrega-
of v.i aon; History
of Yale College; Vindication of the Doc-
H « ¥, NeW E^land Churches; Nature
and Motion of Meteors; and The
was a state councilor, a delegate to the
fT A "D "C* \ i i t
ahnni ifi« • DA- actress, author, was
•out 1835 in the southern states
made her debut as an actress at the Acad^
Music of New York in 1855 as
Ophelia in Hamlet, but soon became bet-
She waTt ES a WrUer than as an actress.
°ni874 Woman's Heart She dted*Marcll
CLARE, ISRAEL SMITH, historian
born Nov. 24, 1847, in Lancaster county,'
Pa. He received the rudiments of his ed-
u c a t i o n in the
; schools of his coun
ty, and graduated
from the State Nor
mal school of Mill-
ersville, Pa. In his
earlier years he was
engaged in educa
tional work; and
subsequently held a
position on the edi
torial staff of The
New Era of Lancas-
1849 fr°m that State from 1847 to
CLAPP, OZRO WRIGHT, journalist
banker, was born Dec. 31, 1836. in Lee
Center, 111. In 1887 he moved to New
York and opened the banking and broker
age house of Clapp and Company, and
later on he established the Clapp and
Company Daily and Weekly Market Let-
CLAPP, THEODORE, clergyman, au
thor, was born March 29, 1792, in East-
lampton, Mass. He was a Unitarian min-
iter of New Orleans for many years, and
he author of Autobiographical Sketches
or d5 Years' Residence in New Orleans-
Theological Views; and Slavery a Ser
mon. He died May 17, 1866, in Louisville,
CLAPP, WILLIAM WARLAND, journa
list, was born April 11, 1826, in Boston
Mass. In 1847 he became editor and pub
lisher of the Saturday Evening Gazette-
and in 1865 became editor-in-chief of The
Journal of Boston. He has served as
councilman, alderman and state senator
and trustee of the Boston public library
He died Sept. 13, 1891
still his place of ,
author of the following works II in,
smaller works; and many article! on
g°
CLARK, ABRAHAM, signer of the
adoption of the constitution, he was a reo
resentative in congress, from New Jersev"
from 1791 to 1794, when he resigned He
died Sept. 15, 1794, in Rahway, N. J.'
CLARK, ADDISON, educator, college
president, clergyman, was born Dec 11
1842 m Titus county, Texas. He grad
uated from Canton college, and subse
quently became a minister of the gospel-
and is now the president of the Addkan
university of Waco, Texas.
CLARK, ALEXANDER, clergyman, au-
nor, was born March 10, 1834 in Jeffer
son county, Ohio. He was a methodist
Protestant clergyman of Pittsburg and
he author of The Old Log Schoolhouse-
Workaday Christianity; The Red Sea
CLARK, ALONZO HOWARD, natural-
athor, was born April 13, 1850, in
soston, Mass. He is a naturalist in the
United States National museum at Wash-
;gton, who has published Statistics of
Fisheries of New Hampshire, Rhode Isl
and, and Connecticut; Statistics of Fish-
3ries of Massachusetts; and History of the-
Mackerel Fishery.
CLARK, ALVAH A., lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 13, 1840, in Lebanon
N. Y. He became a councilor-at-law in
1867; and was elected a representative
from New Jersey, to the forty-fifth and'
forty-sixth congresses as a democrat.
CLARK, ALVAN, optician, was born'
March 8, 1804, in Ashfield, Mass. ' He was
the first person in the United States to.
overcome the difficulties of the achromatic
lens, and achieved such skill that the
most important telescopes of modern
times have been made in his factory in
Cambridge. He died Aug. 19, 1887 in
Cambridgeport, Mass.
CLARK, ALVAN GRAHAM, astrono
mer, inventor, was born July 10, 1832 in
Ball River, Mass. During 1886 the 36-inch
refractor, the largest in the world was
made for the Lick observatory on Mount
Hamilton, near San Francisco, Cal Mr
Clark accompanied the total-eclipse ex
pedition to Jerez, Spain, in 1870, and also,
the similar expedition to Wyoming in
1878. As an independent observer he has
discovered fourteen intricate double stars,
including the companion to Sirius for
which the Lalande gold medal was award
ed him by the French academy of sciences,
in 1862. He has also made numerous in
ventions connected with the manufacture
of refracting telescopes.
CLARK, AMBROSE W., journalist, con
gressman, diplomat, was born Feb. 19
1810, near Cooperstown, N. Y. He pub
lished for five years the Otsego Republi
can; established and published for eight
years the Northern Journal; and also
published for sixteen years the Northern
New York Journal. In 1859 he was elected
a representative from New York to the
thirty-seventh congress, and was re-elect
ed to the thirty-eighth congress in 1862.
In 1865 he was appointed consul at Val
paraiso.
CLARK, AMOS, banker, state senator
congressman, was born Nov. 8, 1827 In
Westfield, N. Y. He was banker in El'iza-
sth, and largely interested in real es-
sr«' t loT?8 elected a state senator from
I8bb to 1869; was an elector in 1872, and
was elected to the forty-third congress
as a republican.
CLARK, ARTHUR WELLINGTON
Physician, surgeon, genealogist, was born
Dec 7, 1859, in Lawrence, Kan. He was
professor of obstetrics and gynascology in
the College of Physicians and Surgeons
of Boston; and is the author of a Geneal
ogy of the Houghton Family
218
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CLARK, BILLY JAMES, reformer, leg
islator, was born Jan. 4, 1728, in North
ampton, Mass. He organized what is
claimed to have been the first temperance
society in the world, at Moreau, Saratoga
county, N. Y., in 1808. Dr. Clark was a
member of the legislature from Saratoga
county in 1821, and was a member of the
electoral college in 1848. He died March
20, 1867, in Glens Falls, N. Y.
CLARK, CHAMP, lawyer, legislator,
lecturer, author, was born March 7, 1850,
near Lawrenceburg, Ky. In 1873 he
graduated with highest honors from the
Bethany college, W. Va.; and became
president of the Marshall college of Hunt-
ington, W. Va. He has been city attorney
of Louisiana and Bowling Green, Mo.;
prosecuting atlorney of Pike county, Mo.;
and he has served as special judge of the
Louisiana (Mo.) court of common pleas.
He was a member of the Missouri state
legislature, and a member of the fifty-
third and fifty-fifth congresses. In 1891
he was a delegate to the Trans-Missis
sippi congress at Denver, and was chair
man of the Missouri delegation and vice-
president.
CLARK, CHARLES B., soldier, edu
cator, clergyman, was born Dec. 28, 1837,
in Saguoit, N. Y. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the High school
and graduated from the Iowa Wesleyan
university at Mount Pleasant. During the
civil war he served in the twenty-fifth reg
iment Iowa volunteer infantry, and in
1897 was elected department command
er for South Dakota of the Grand Army
of the Republic.
CLARK, CHARLES B., congressman
was born Aug. 24, -1844, in Theresa, N.
Y. He moved to Wisconsin in 1855, and
settled in Neenah, where he has since re
sided. He was elected to the fiftieth arid
re-elected to the fifty-first congress as a
republican.
CLARK, CHARLES B., educator, jour
nalist, lawyer, was born Jan. 1, 1854, in
Hubbard, Ohio. Early in life he was a
successful school teacher and principal
and in 1880 was admitted to the bar. He
subsequently was on the editorial staffs
f different newspapers, and has pub
lished directories of several cities in Penn
sylvania. He is the author of several
county and town histories; and has con
tributed extensively to current literature.
He is now solely engaged in the prac
tice of law in Altoona, Pa.
CLARK, CHARLES COTESWORTH
PINCKNEY, physician, author, was born
March 20, 1822, in Tinmouth, Vt. He
is a physician, and at one time collector
of customs at Oswego, and the author of
The Commonwealth Reconstructed.
CLARK, CHARLES E., naval officer,
was born in Vermont about 1848. He was
a cadet in the naval academy when the
civil war began and was made a mid
shipman. He has long been attached to
ships in Pacific waters, in the Pacific and
Asiatic squadrons. As commander of the
first-class battleship Oregon, he was the
first naval officer to bring a great modern
battleship around Cape Horn; and his
gallant work in destroying the Spanish
fleet in 1898 has made his name a house
hold word throughout the civilized world.
CLARK, CHARLES HEBER, journal
ist, author, was born in 18 — . He is a
Philadelphia journalist who has written
several works of a humorous character
which have been popular. Some of his
works are Out of the Hurly Burly; Elbow
Room, a Novel without a Plot; Random
Shots; and Fortunate Island and Other
Stories.
CLARK, CHARLES N., congressman,
was born Aug. 21, 1827, in Cortland coun
ty, N. Y. He was made a member of the
executive committee
for the improvement
of western water
ways, and at his mo
tion the national
convention was held
in Washington, D. C.
He was elected to
the fifty-fourth con
gress as a republic
an, and was placed
on the river and har
bor committee,
where he served with
distinction.
CLARK. CHARLES PETER, railroad
president, was born Aug. 11, 1836, in
Nashua, N. H. Since 1887 he has been
president of the New York, New Haven
and Hartford railway, and since 1895 pres
ident of the Hartford and New England
railroad.
CLARK, CHRISTOPHER, congressman.
He was a representative in congress, from
Virginia, from 1804 to 1806.
CLARK, CLARENCE D., congressman.
United States senator, was born April 16,
1851, in Sandy Creek, N. Y. He was
prosecuting attorney for Uinta county four
years, and was appointed associate justice
of the territory of Wyoming in 1890, but
declined the office. Upon the admission
of Wyoming as a state he was elected to
the fifty-first and fifty-second congresses.
He was elected in 1895 to the United
States senate for the term ending 1899, to
fill a vacancy.
CLARK, DANIEL, lawyer, jurist, United
States senator, was born Oct. 24, 1809, in
Stratham, N. H. He was elected United
States senator in 1857; and was president
of the New Hampshire constitutional con
vention of 1876.
CLARK, DANIEL A., clergyman, au
thor, was born March 1, 1779, in Rahway,
N. J. In 1820 he was installed pastor of
the West parish of Amherst, Mass., and
became one of the founders of the college
there. His complete works, with a bio
graphical sketch by George Shepard, were
published in 1846. He died March 3, 1840,
in New York.
CLARK, DAVIS WASGATT, bishop, au
thor, was born Feb. 12, 1812, in Maine.
He was a methodist bishop of some note
as a preacher, and the author of Mental
Discipline; Death-Bed Scenes; Man all
Immortal; Life of Bishop Hedding; Ser
mons; and Elements of Algebra. He died
May 23, 1871, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
CLARK, EDMUND C., soldier, lawyer,
author, was born in Blnghamton, N. Y.
He served as a union soldier during the
civil war in company
E, thirty-second reg
iment volunteer in
fantry, and was pro
moted to first ser
geant, and subse
quently re-enlisted
in company H, sixth
regiment, New York
cavalry. He is a
scientist and writer
on political econo
my; the author of
several prose works
and a volume of poems. He has attained
prominence as an eminent lawyer of Hut-
chinson, Kan., and has taken an active
part in the public affairs of his county
and state.
CLARK. EDSON LYMAN, clergyman,
author, was born April 1, 1827, in East
Hampton, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman of Massachusetts and the au
thor of The Arabs and the Turks; The
Races of European Turkey; Turkey; and
Fundamental Questions chiefly relating to
Genesis and the Hebrew Scriptures.
CLARK, EMMONS, soldier, merchant,
author. In 1857 he enlisted as a private
in the New York state militia; served gal
lantly through the civil war, and was pro
moted colonel of his regiment. He is the
author of a History of the Seventh Regi
ment of the New York State Militia.
CLARK, EZRA, congressman, was born
in Vermont. He was elected a represent
ative to the thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth
congresses.
CLARK, F. 0., lawyer, legislator, was
born Dec. 18, 1843, in Girard, Pa. In 1862
he moved to Lake Superior, Mich., and
joined the corps of
the Chicago and
Northwestern Rail
road company as
civil engineer. In
1870 he was admitted
to the bar, first prac
ticing that profes
sion in Escanaba
and then in Mar-
quette, Mich., and is
considered one of the
most eminent law
yers in the Upper
Peninsular. He takes an active part in
the business and public affairs of his city,
county and state; is a stockholder in the
Dexter Mining company, and president of
the Marquette City Electric Street Rail
road company. In 1874-75 he served with
distinction as a member of the Michigan
state legislature, and has served two
terms as mayor of his city.
CLARK, FRANCIS EDWARD, clergy
man, author, was born in 1851, in Canada.
He is a congregational minister who dur
ing his pastorate in Portland, Maine, in
1881, established the Christian Endeavor
society. He is the author of Danger Sig
nals, the Enemies of Youth; Looking Out
on Life, a book for girls; Our Vacations,
Where to Go, etc.; Young People's Prayer
Meeting in Theory and Practice; The
Children and the Church; Mossback Cor
respondence; Our Business Boys; and
Ways and Means, a history of the Chris
tian Endeavor movement.
CLARK, FRANK E., lawyer, legislator,
was born Nov. 12, 1860, in Wausau, Wis.
In 1882 he graduated as a civil engineer;
and in law in 1888. For ten years he was
engaged in educational work; and for sev
eral years was county surveyor of Green
Lake county, Wis. During 1895-97 he was
a member of the Wisconsin state as
sembly; and now practices law in Prince
ton, Wis.
CLARK, FRANKLIN, merchant, con
gressman, was born in Maine. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1847 to 1849; before entering con
gress served in the state legislature; and
was a member of the executive council in
1855.
CLARK, FREDERICK THICKSTUN.
author, was born in 1858 in Pennsyl
vania. He is a novelist of Denver, Colo.,
whose stories deal with phases of western
life; and the author of A Mexican Girl:
In the Valley of Havllah; On Cloud
Mountain; and The Mistress of the
Ranch.
HERRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
219
CLARK, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, was
born July 18, 1841, In Eutaw, Ala. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the local school and graduated from the
university of Alabama. During the civil
war he served as captain of infantry In
the Virginia army from Alabama, and
emigrated to Texas in 1867. He has at
tained prominence as one of the fore
most lawyers of the west at Waco, Texas.
He has been secretary of state, attorney-
general, commissioner to codify the laws,
and has filled with honor the high office
of judge of court of appeals.
CLARK, GEORGE A., manufacturer,
was born in 1824, in Scotland. In 1865 the
Passaic Thread Co. was organized by him,
with George A., Alexander and William
Clark and Thomas Barbour as incorpo-
rators. Gigantic works were construct
ed and put into operation in 1866. He
died Feb. 13, 1873.
CLARK, GEORGE HENRY, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 7, 1819, in New-
buryport, Mass. In November, 1860, he
made in Savannah an appeal for the pres
ervation of the union, which was pub
lished at the request of southern gentle
men. His connection with St. John's par-
i. h was dissolved in 1861, and in 1862 his
property, including his library, was sold
by an agent of the confederate govern
ment as the property of an alien enemy.
CLARK, GEORGE HUNT, author, poet,
was born in 1809 in Northampton, Mass.
He was an iron merchant of Hartford, of
local fame as a poet; and the author of
Now and Then; The News; and Under
tow of a Trade Wind Surf. He died Aug.
20, 1881, in Hartford, Conn.
CLARK, GEORGE ROGERS, soldier,
was born Nov. 19, 1752, in Albemarle
county, Va. He was one of the earliest
surveyors in Ken
tucky, where the
frequent conflicts
with the Indians
gave him an ex
perience of the
greatest value to
himself and his
people. He grew to
be recognized as the
protector of all the
settlements in Ken
tucky, Indiana, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and a
terror to the redmen. In 1776 he was ap
pointed major of militia; and was chosen
a delegate to the Virginia convention. In
1777 was promoted to lieutenant-colonel;
and in 1781 was commissioned brigadier-
general of the continental army. He died
Feb. 18, 1818, in Louisville, Ky.
CLARK, GEORGE WHITFIELD, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 15, 1831, In
South Orange, N. J. He is a baptist cler
gyman of New Jersey; and the author
of Harmony of the Four Gospels in En
glish; Notes on Matthew, Mark, Luke,
and John: Harmonic Arrangement of
the Acts of the Apostles; Brief Notes on
the New Testament; and History of the
First Baptist Church in Elizabeth, N. J.
CLARK, GILBERT J., lawyer, author.
He is a successful lawyer of Kansas City,
Mo.; and the author of Eminent Ameri
can, English and Canadian Lawyers.
CLARK, GUY ASHLEY, manufacturer,
was born Feb. 17, 1823, in Onondaga, N. Y.
In 1860 he was appointed agent of the
Onondaga Salt company, which position
he held for ten years. In 1870 he was
elected city supervisor of Syracuse; and
was twice re-elected to the same office.
CLARK, HENRY A., lawyer, legislator,
was born Aug. 3, 1815, in Sidney, N. Y.
The early history of Bainbridge contains
in part the history of
Henry A. Clark.
I While representing
his district in the
I 'HWi state senate in 1863-
65, he was the friend
of the governor,
• Horatio Seymour,
I and was one of the
I first to vote for the
appropriation for
the new state capi-
tol. He was a mem
ber of the state re
publican committee for many years. Mr.
Clark was one of the organizers of the
one hundred and fourteenth regiment; al
though unable to enlist himself, gave lib
erally toward the advancement of the
cause of the union.
CLARK, HENRY JAMES, naturalist,
author, was born June 22, 1826, in Easton,
Mass. He was a naturalist of Cambridge;
and the author of Mind in Nature; and
A Claim for Scientific Property. He died
July 1, 1873, in Amherst, Mass.
CLARK. HENRY S.. lawyer, congress
man, was born in Beaufort county, N. C.
He was a member of the state legislature
in 1834; and was solicitor for the state in
1842. He was a representative in con
gress from North Carolina from 1845
to 1847; and was at one time acting gov
ernor of the state. He died April 14. 1874.
in Tarborough, N. C.
CLARK, HENRY TOOLE, governor,
was born in 1808. He was elected state
senator in 1850, a position he continued to
occupy for eleven years; and in 1861 was
appointed governor of North Carolina.
He died April 14, 1874.
CLARK, HORACE FRANCIS, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 29, 1815, in
Southbury, Conn. He was elected a mem
ber of the thirty-fifth congress from New
York; and was re-elected to the thirty-
sixth congress. He died June 19, 1873, in
New York city.
CLARK, ISAAC, soldier, jurist, was
born in 1749. He was a soldier of the
revolution, a member of the constitutional
convention, and for many years chief
judge of the Vermont county court. He
became colonel of the eleventh United
States infantry in 1812, and in 1813 com
manded a successful expedition against
Massequoi, Canada. He died Jan. 31, 1822,
in Castleton, Vt.
CLARK, JAMES, soldier, was born
in July, 1730. He was a captain in Put
nam's regiment, and was present at Bun
ker Hill. He was made lieutenant-colonel
of Huntington's regiment in 1775, and
took part in the battles at Harlem
Heights and White Plains in 1776. He
died Dec. 29, 1826, in Lebanon, Conn.
CLARK, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, governor, was born in 1779 in
Bedford county, Va. He was several
times a member of the state legislature;
and in 1810 was appointed judge of the
court of appeals. He was a representa
tive in congress from Kentucky from 1813
to 1816; and from 1817 to 1824 was judge
of the circuit court. He was aeain a
member of congress from 1825 to 1831.
In 1832 he was state senator and chosen
speaker; and was elected governor in
1836. He died Sept. 27, 1839, in Frank
fort, Ky.
CLARK. JAMES, farmer, stockman,
was born Nov. 20. 1838, near Springfield.
Ohio. For over a quarter of a century
continuously he has
been township treas
urer; and for ten
years a. member of
the county board of
agriculture. He has
been a successful
breeder of trotting
horses. some of
which have sold as
high as twenty
thousand dollars
each ; and he bred
and sold the fastest
yearling trotter in the world to Frank
Rockefeller, vice-president of the Stan
dard Oil company. He resides in New
Moorefield, Ohio.
CLARK, JAMES GOWDY, the poet of
the people, was born June 28, 1829, in
Constantia, N. Y. At the age of twenty-
one he drifted into the concert field; was
for many years connected with the Min
neapolis Daily Star; and became prom
inent as a poet, singer and composer. He
is chiefly known as the author of Leona;
Marion Moore; The Infinite Mother;
The Old Mountain Tree; The Mount
of the Holy Cross; and the Ever
green Mountains of Life. For many
years he has been a prominent and vigor
ous prose writer, especially in the cause of
reform, every vital phase of which he has
heartily espoused; and has lectured ex
tensively on kindred subjects.
CLARK, JAMES HENRY, physician,
author, was born June 23, 1814, in Living
ston, N. Y. He was a physician of New
ark, N. J.; and the author of History of
the Cholera in Newark in 1847; Sight and
Hearing, How Preserved, How Lost; Med
ical Topography of Newark; and The
Medical Men of New Jersey .in Essex Dis
trict, 1666-1866. He died March 6, 1869.
in Montclair, N. J.
CLARK, JAMES W., state senator, con
gressman, was born in Bertie county.
N. C. He was a presidential elector in
1812; three years a member of the state
senate; and was a representative in con
gress from North Carolina from 1815 to
1817. He died in January, 1844.
CLARK, JOHN, soldier, governor, was
born in 1766 in North Carolina. He
served in the revolutionary war; and
rose to the rank of major-general in the
war of 1812. He was elected governor of
Georgia in 1821. He died Oct. 15, 1832.
CLARK, JOHN ALONZO. clergyman,
author, was born May 6, 1801, in Pitts-
field, Mass. He was an episcopal clergy
man of Philadelphia; and the author of
The Young Disciple; The Pastor's Testi
mony; A Walk about Zion; Gathered
Fragments; Awake, Thou Sleeper; and
Glimpses of the Old World. He died Nov.
27, 1843, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CLARK, JOHN B., soldier, congress
man, was born April 17, 1802, in Madison
county, Ky. In 1832 he commanded a
regiment of mounted militia, during the
Black Hawk war; and was made major-
general of militia in 1848. He was elect
ed to the legislature during the session of
1850 and 1851. He was a member of the
thirty-fifth congress; was re-elected to
the thirty-sixth and to the thirty-seventh
congresses. He took part in the rebel
lion of 1861 as a colonel, having been ex
pelled from the house in July, 1861. He
died Oct. 29, 1885, in Fayetteville, Mo.
220
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CLARK, JOHN B., soldier, congress
man, was born Jan. 14, 1831, in Fayette,
Mo. He entered the confederate army;
served as a lieutenant, and was promoted
successively to be captain, major, colonel,
and brigadier-general. He was elected
a representative from Missouri to the
forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, forty-seventh and forty-eighth con
gresses.
CLARK, JOHN BATES, political econ
omist, author, was born Jan. 26, 1847, in
Providence, R. I. He has filled the chair
of political economy in various colleges,
and was lecturer in Johns Hopkins uni
versity. For two years he was the presi
dent of the American Economic associa
tion. He is the author of The Philosophy
of Wealth, and of numerous publications
on political economy.
CLARK, MRS. KATE UPSON, journal
ist, author, was born in 1851 in Alabama.
She is a journalist of Brooklyn, who has
written mainly for young people; and the
author of That Mary Ann.
CLARK, LABAN, clergyman, was born
July 19, 1778, in Haverhill, N. H. He was
one of the founders of the Wesleyan uni
versity, and president of its trustees. He
died Nov. 28, 1868, in Middletown, Conn.
CLARK, LEWIS GAYLORD, journalist,
author, was born June 12, 1810, in Otisco,
N. Y. He was a once prominent maga-
zinlst of New York city, and editor of the
Knickerbocker Magazine. He was the
author of Knick-Knacks, a collection of
brief sketches contributed to that period
ical. He died Nov. 3, 1873, in Piermont,
N. Y.
CLARK, LINCOLN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in Massachusetts. He
was a judge in Alabama for several years;
and on removing to Iowa was elected a
representative in congress from that state
from 1851 to 1853.
CLARK, LOT, congressman, was born
in New York. He was a representative
in congress from 1823 to 1825, when he
was appointed postmaster at Norwich,
N. Y. ; and was a member of the New
York assembly in 1846.
CLARK, M. S., congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania during the years 1820 and 1821.
CLARK, MARY J., poet, was born Dec.
25, 1833, in Ellisburgh, N. Y. She received
her education in the public schools; and
attended Sister
school of Utica. N.
Y., where her father
was a methodist
clergyman. She is
the author- of the.
Record of a Minis
tering Angel, which
had an extensive
sale. She has writ
ten extensively in
prose and poetry for
the periodical press;
and many of her
poems have been incorporated in stan
dard publications. She has traveled ex
tensively in America and Europe. Since
the death of her husband .she has managed
a large manufacturing concern at Utica
111.
CLARK, MRS. MARY, author, was
born in 1831 in Maine. She is a
New England writer of religious juve
niles, among which are The Mayflower
Series; and Daisy's Mission.
CLARK, MYRON HOLLEY, governor
of New York, was born Oct. 23, 1806, In
Naples, N. Y. He served as lieutenant-
colonel of state militia. He was sheriff
of Ontario county for two years.
CLARK, N. NORTON, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 2, 1841, near Bangor,
Maine. He is a graduate of the Garrett
Biblical institute; and for a quarter of a
century has been a clergyman of the
methodist episcopal church. He is the au
thor of The Helper for Young People's
Societies; and has contributed exten
sively to religious publications.
CLARK, NATHANIEL GEORGE, edu
cator, author, was born Jan. 18, 1825, in
Calais, Vt. He was the foreign secretary
of the American board of foreign mis
sions from 1866. In earlier life he was
of some note as an educator, and pub
lished Elements of the English Language.
He died in 1896.
CLARK, NEWCOMB, soldier, state
legislator, was born Sept. 25, 1840, in Sul
livan county, N. Y. He graduated from
the Clarkston academy and the Oxford in
stitute. He served as major and lieu
tenant-colonel during the civil war in the
one hundred and second United States
cavalry troop; and was for some time in
command of the regiment. He also had
command of the fifty-fourth New York
infantry; subsequently commanded a
brigade; and was brevetted brigadier-
general for meritorious conduct in the
field. He was the first president of We-
nona, now West Bay City; in 1883 he
was elected a member of the Michigan
state legislature; received the re-election
in 1885; and now devotes his time to
literary pursuits.
CLARK, RICHARD H., lawyer, author,
was born July 3, 1827, in Washington,
I). C. He has attained success as
a lawyer; and is the author of So
cialism in America; Father Sebastian
Rale; Illustrated History of the Catholic
Church in the United States; and other
works.
CLARK, ROBERT, physician, congress
man, was born in Washington county,
N. Y. He was a member of the assembly
of that state from 1812 to 1815; and a
representative in congress from New York
from 1819 to 1821.
CLARK, RUFUS A., educator, college
president, was born Nov. 20, 1846, in Cof
fer county, Tenn. He filled the chair as
professor of mathematics in Winchester
Normal college for ten years, and in
1889 was made president of that insti
tution.
CLARK, RUFUS WHEELWRIGHT,
clergyman, author, was born Dec. 17, 1813,
in Newburyport, Mass. He was a Re
formed Dutch clergyman of Albany.
Among his more than a hundred publica
tions are Lectures to Young Men; Heaven
and Its Scriptural Emblems; Life Scenes
of the Messiah; Romanism in America:
The African Slave Trade; and Heroes of
Albany. He died Aug. 9, 1886, in Nan-
tucket, Mass.
CLARK, RUSH, lawyer, congressman,
was born Oct. 1, 1834, in Schellsburg, Pa.
He was a representative in the state legis
lature from 1860 to 1864, serving as speak
er the last two years; was a member of
the governor's staff in 1861 and 1862. He
was again elected to the state assembly
In 1876; was elected a representative from
Iowa to the forty-fifth and forty-sixth
congresses. He died April 28, 1879.
CLARK, S. H. H., railroad president.
He is president and receiver of the Union
Pacific railroad at Omaha, Neb.
CLARK, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from 1833
to 1835. On removing to Michigan he was
elected a representative in congress from
that state from 1853 to 1855. He died Oct.
2, 1870, in Kalamazoo, Mich.
CLARK, SAM TEL ADAMS, clergyman,
author, was born Jan. 27, 1822, in New
buryport, Mass. He became in 1848 rec
tor of the Church of the Advent. Phila
delphia, where he continued till 1856.
He was then called to St. John's church.
Elizabeth, N. J., where he remained till
his death. He published Memoir of Al
bert W. Day, prefixed to Day's sermons;
and History of St. John's Church, Eliza-
bethtown, N. J. He died Jan. 28. 1875, in
Elizabeth, N. J.
CLARK, SAMUEL M., soldier, lawyer,
journalist, congressman, was born Oct. 11,
1842, in Van Buren county, Iowa. He en
listed as a private in company H, nine
teenth Iowa infantry, but was not mus
tered in because of ill health. He has
been editor of the Keokuk Gate City for
thirty-one years; was a delegate to the
national republican conventions of 1872,
L876, and 1880; and was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses.
CLARK, SIMEON TUCKER, physician,
author, poet, was born Oct. 10, 1836, in
Canton, Mass. He is a successful phy
sician of Lockport, N. Y. ; and professor
of medical jurisprudence in Niagara uni
versity. He is also a noted lecturer and
a member of the leading scientific soci
eties in the United States. His poems
have appeared in current publications;
and he is the author of a work entitled My
Garden.
CLARK, MRS. SUSANNA REBECCA
GRAHAM, author, was born July 2, 1848,
in Nova Scotia. She is a writer of Port
land, Maine, who has written much juve
nile literature. Among her works are
Yensie Walton; Our Street; The Triple
E.; Achor; Herbert Gardenell's Chil
dren; Tom's Street; and Go's Goings.
CLARK, THEODORE MINOT, archi
tect, author, was born in 1845 in Massa
chusetts. He is an architect iu Boston,
formerly instructor in the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology. He is the au
thor of Architect, Owner and Builder Be
fore the Law; Building Superintendence;
and Rural School Architecture.
CLARK, THOMAS, educator, author,
was born in 1787 in Lancaster, Pa. He
was an educator of Philadelphia; and the
author of Naval History of the United
States from the Commencement of the
Revolutionary War, 1814; and Sketches
of United States Naval History. He died
in 1860 in Philadelphia, Pa.
CLARK, THOMAS MARCH, bishop, au
thor, was born July 4, 1812, in Newbury
port, Mass. He is the second protestant
episcopal bishop of
Rhode Island, and
prominent among
theologians of the
broad church school.
He is the author of
Primary Truths;
The Dew of Youth
and Other Lectures
to Young Men and
Women; Early Dis
cipline and Culture;
The Efficient Sunday
School Teacher; and
Reminiscences; and various other relig
ious works.
CLARK, WALTER, soldier, author, jur
ist, was born Aug. 19, 1846, in Halifax
county, N. C. He was lieutenant-colonel
in the confederate service. In 1885 he was
elected judge of the superior court of
North Carolina, then as Judge of the
supreme court of North Carolina, receiv
ing the re-election to the same office in
1894. He is the author of several law
books.
HKKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
221
CLARK, WELLINGTON, lawyer, legis
lator, was born Sept. 3, 1860, in Marys-
ville, Cal. He is a successful lawyer of
Walla Walla, Wash.; was a member of
the territorial assembly of Washington
in 1887-88, and speaker of the house. He
has been prosecuting attorney of his
•county; court commissioner of the su
perior court; and master in chancery of
the circuit court of the United States for
the ninth district of Washington. He has
been inspector-general on the governor's
staff, and judge advocate general of the
national guard of Washington.
CLARK, WILLIAM, congressman. In
1828 he was appointed treasurer of the
United States; and from 1833 to 1837 he
was a member of the house of representa
tives in congress from Pennsylvania. He
died April 28, 1841, in Dauphin county, Pa.
CLARK, WILLIAM, jurist, governor.
In 1800 he was appointed chief justice of
the territory of Indiana; and was subse
quently commissioned as the second gov
ernor of the territory of Missouri.
CLARK, WILLIAM, explorer, soldier,
was born Aug. 1, 1770, in Virginia. He
was a noted explorer; served in the war
of 1812; and was appointed governor of
Missouri.
CLARK, WILLIAM, manufacturer, was
born in 1841 in Scotland. In 1860 he
joined his brother, George A. Clark, in the
general agency of
the Clark threads in
America. In 1864
the brothers started
a cotton thread fac
tory in Newark, be-
inK identified with
••» >!/ tin' I'assnic Thread
Co. from the start.
In 1873 William
Clark rose to senior
ity in the house. The
works now occupy
ten acres of ground
on the banks of the Passaic river.
CLARK. WILLIAM ADOLPHUS, au
thor, was born Dec. 2, 182,r>, in New Or
leans, La. He received his education in
various institutions;
and attended the
Boston Latin school,
and the Dane Law
school of Cambridge.
Mass. He has been
a merchant in New
I Orleans, ha.: a miner
I in Southern Cali-
^^^ W^B fornia; and has filled
^^^^Mftk £§ I numerous public po-
I sitions of trust and
m ^m^| honor. He is the au
thor of a volume
of select poems entitled Intellectual Peo
ple, and has contributed extensively, both
prose and verse, to the leading newspapers
•and magazines in America.
CLARK. WILLIAM ARTHUR, educat
or, was born May 23, 1853, in Manchester.
Ohio. He received his education at the
National Normal university and the Har
vard university. He has received the de
grees B. A., A. M., and Ph. D. He has
been superintendent of various public
schools, and for two years had charge of
the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphan
Home schools of Xenia, Ohio; professor
of mathematics in the National Normal
university; and professor of psychology
in the Nebraska Normal school. He is a
member of the Nebraska Academy of
Science and one of its board of directors.
His work in the normal school has been
principally in psychology and the history
of education.
CLARK, WILLIAM B., president of the
."Etna Fire Insurance company of Hart
ford, Conn., was born June 29, 1841, in
Hartford. Conn. For many years he was
connected with the Hartford Courant, of
which his father was the proprietor. In
1857 he became a clerk with the Phoenix
Fire Insurance company; was elected sec
retary in 1863; and after serving that
company for twenty-five years he became
assistant secretary of the /Etna. In 1888
he was made vice-president, and in 1892
became president. He holds a prominent
and important place in the business af
fairs of Hartford, and has filled numer
ous offices of honor.
CLARK, WILLIAM SMITH, soldier, ed
ucator, college president, was born July
31, 1826, in Ashfleld, Mass. At the begin
ning of the civil war he was commissioned
major of the twenty-first Massachusetts
infantry, and in 1862 was appointed col
onel. In 1867 he was elected president of
the Massachusetts Agricultural college;
and in 1864-67 was a representative to the
Massachusetts legislature. He died March
9, 1886, in Amherst, Mass.
CLARK, WILLIAM T., soldier, con
gressman, was born June 29, 1834, in
Nor walk, Conn. He served in the union
army in all grades up to brevet major-
general, and commanded a division in
Texas until mustered out in 1866, when
he went into business at Galveston. He
took an active part in reconstruction; and
was elected to the forty-first congress as
a republican.
CLARK. WILLIS GAYLORD, poet, was
born in 1810 in New York, and was twin
brother of L. G. Clark. He was a popular
poet in his day. He died June 12, 1841,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
CLARKE, ALFRED, public official, law
yer, was born July 27, 1832, in Ireland.
He arrived at San Francisco by way of
Cape Horn in 1850. During 1856-87 he
was connected with the police department
of San Francisco; was really the father
of the. police, having made it a credit to
the city. In 1877 he was admitted to the
bar of the supreme court, and has since
attained success as one of the foremost
lawyers of the Pacific coast. He was one
of the founders of Calvary Presbyterian
church in 1854. He was also one of
the founders of the Police Benevolent
society in 1879, and for five years was its
president.
CLARKE, ALMON TAYLOR, clergy
man, poet, was born Feb. 19, 1840, in
Ticonderoga, N. Y. He received his edu
cation in several in
stitutions, and in
3872 graduated in
theology from An-
d o v e r Theological
seminary, and was
ordained the same
year as a minister.
He has held pastor
ates in Tiverton, R.
I.: Crown Point, N.
Y.; Parishville. N.
Y.; Sheldon and
Franklin, Vt; in
Florida; and in Shelby, Ala. In 1889
he became editor of the Southern Con-
gregationalist of Atlanta, Ga.; and is now
pastor of the Church of the Covenant of
Shelby, Ala., and editor of The Helper, a
general religious organ of the congrega-
tionalist churches of the south. He has
filled many positions of honor; was chosen
a delegate of the league to the peace con
gress in Paris; and was urged to be a
candidate for congress. He is the au
thor of a number of very fine poems.
CLARKE, ARCHIBALD S., lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, congressman, was born
in 1778. He was a member of the New
York senate for four years, beginning
with 1813; and was a representative in
congress from New York from 1816 to
1817. He held the several positions of
clerk, surrogate and judge of Saratoga
county. He died Dec. 4, 1821, in Clarence,
N. Y.
CLARKE, AUGUSTUS PECK, physi
cian, surgeon, was born Sept. 24, 1833, in
Pawtucket, R. I. In 1856 he entered
B r o w n university,
and in 1861 received
the degree of A. M.
from that institu
tion; and the degree
of M. I), from Har
vard university in
1862. He served dur-
' ing the civil war and
J^^^ was promoted to the
K^H I rank of surgeon; and
•'•*' I in 1864 to stirgeon-
I in-chief; and was
brevetted lieutenant -
colonel and also colonel for gallant
and meritorious conduct during his
term of. service. In 1865 he traveled
abroad and attended the various med
ical schools and hospitals in Lon
don, Paris and Leipzic. In 1886 he moved
to Cambridge, Mass., and soon estab
lished a high reputation as a practitioner.
He has been dean and professor in the
college of Physicians and Surgeons of
Boston since 1893; and has held numer
ous high positions of honor in medical
bodies and other societies. He is the au
thor of Clarke's Kindred Genealogies;
Book of Poems; and has contributed
valuable articles and papers to various
medical journals and magazines.
CLARKE, BAYARD, soldier, congress
man, was born March 17, 1815, in New
York city. He served in the second regi
ment of dragoons through the Florida
war; resigned in 1843, and settled at
Westchester, N. Y., which district he rep
resented in the thirty-fourth congress.
CLARKE, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, ed
ucator, college president, was born July
14, 1831, in Newport, Maine. He gradu
ated from the Brown university, in which
institution he has been professor and
acting president for many years.
CLARKE. BEVERLY L.. congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a member
of the state legislature in 1841 and 1842;
and was a member of the state constitu
tional convention in 1849. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Kentucky
from 1847 to 1849; and in 1858 was ap
pointed minister to Guatemala and Hon
duras. He died March 7, 1860, in Hon
duras.
CLARKE, CHARLES E., congressman,
was born in 1789 in New York. In 1839
and 1840 be was a member of the New
York assembly from Jefferson county;
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1849 to 1851. He died Dec
29. 1863.
CLARKE. CHARLES J., business man,
was born March 15, 1833, in Pittsburg.
Pa. He was president for sixteen years
of the Mercantile Library Hall Co.; and
is vice-president of the Pennsylvania Col
lege for Women. He is a director of the
Pittsburg Safe Deposit and Trust Co.; the
Western Insurance Co.; and a member of
the Chamber of Commerce of Pittsburg.
CLARKE, DANIEL, congressman. He
was a delegate to congress from the terri
tory of Orleans or Louisiana from 1806 to
1809.
222
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CLARKE, DORUS, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 2, 1797, in Westhampton,
Mass. He was a congregational clergy
man of Boston; and the author of Let
ters to Horace Mann; Oneness of the
Christian Church; Orthodox Congrega
tionalism and the Sects; Saying the
Catechism Seventy-five Years Ago and
the Historical Results; Review of the
Oberlin Council; Letters to Young Peo
ple in Manufacturing Villages; Revision
of the English Version of the Bible; and
Essay on the Tri-Unity of God. He died
March 8, 1884, in Boston, Mass.
CLARKE, EDWARD FIELDING, law
yer, was born March 19, 1873, in More-
head, Ky. He studied law in his fath
er's office; was admitted to the bar in
1894, and practices his profession in his
native city.
CLARKE, EDWARD HAMMOND, phy
sician, author, was born Feb. 2, 1820, in
Norton, Mass. He was a prominent phy
sician and medical writer of Boston; and
the author of Sex in Education; The
Building of a Brain; Visions: a Study of
False Sight; and Nature and Treatment
of Polypus of the Ear. He died Nov. 30,
1877, in Boston, Mass.
CLARKE, ELIJAH, soldier, was born
in North Carolina. He became a captain
in 1776, and distinguished himself in en
gagements both with Indians and British
on the frontiers of Georgia. He after
ward fought many battles, and made sev
eral treaties with the Creek Indians. He
died Dec. 15, 1809, in Wilkes county, Pa.
CLARKE, FRANK GAY, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Sept.
10, 1850, in Wilton, N. H. He was a mem
ber of the state house of representatives
of 1885; of the state senate in 1889; re-
elected to the former in 1891, and was
chosen speaker of that body. He was ap
pointed colonel on the military staff of
Governor Hale, and served in that ca
pacity from 1885 to 1887. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
CLARKE, FRANK WIGGLESWORTH,
chemist, author, was born March 19, 1847,
in Boston, Mass. He is the chief chemist
of the United States geological survey at
Washington; and the author of Weights,
Measures, and Money of All Nations; and
Elements of Chemistry.
CLARKE, FREEMAN, merchant, bank
er, railroad president, congressman, was
born March 22, 1809, in Troy, N. Y. In
1862 he was elected a representative from
New York to the thirty-eighth congress.
In 1865 he was appointed comptroller of
the currency; and in 1867 was elected to
the New York state constitutional con
vention. In 1870 he was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-
second congress, and in 1872 was re-elect
ed to the forty-third congress.
CLARKE, GEORGE ROGERS, soldier,
was born in 1752 in Virginia. He was one
of the most accomplished and useful offi
cers of the western pioneers during the
revolution. He died in 1848 near Louis
ville, Ky.
CLARKE. HENRY J., lawyer, jurist,
was born March 31, 1845, in Southbridge,
Mass. He is a descendant of Jacob
Clarke, who came from Bristol, England,
in 1679, and settled in Providence, R. I.
In 1875 he graduated from the Boston
University Law school with the degree
of LL. B ; and has attained prominence
as an able lawyer of Webster, Mass. Ho
lias been a justice of the peace, and held
other prominent positions in his county
and state.
CLARKE. ISAAC A., soldier, educator,
was born March 22, 1837, in Overton coun
ty, Tenn. During the war he served as a
quartermaster, with the rank of captain,
in the confederate army. He was one of
the founders of Clarke's academy of
Berry ville, Ark.; has been county exam
iner; and is prominent in educational af
fairs in the state of Arkansas.
CLARKE, ISAAC EDWARDS, lawyer,
author, was born in 1830 in Massachusetts.
He has been a lawyer in the United States
civil service since 1871; and is the author
of Tribute to Bayard Taylor; and Indus
trial and High Art Education in the
United States.
CLARKE, JAMES, journalist, governor,
was born in 1806 in Westmoreland, Pa.
He conducted the Territorial, now State
Gazette of Burlington, Iowa, during 1837-
39; was appointed secretary of the ter
ritory; and from 1843 to 1845 resumed
the Gazette. He was governor of the ter
ritory in 1846; and again edited the Ga
zette from 1848 until his death. He died
July 28, 1850, in Burlington, Iowa.
CLARKE, JAMES C., railroad presi
dent, was born in 1824 in Montgomery
county, Md. Since 1895 he has been presi
dent of the Mobile and Ohio railroads.
CLARKE, JAMES FREEMAN, clergy
man, author, was born April 4, 1810, in
Hanover, N. H. He was a Unitarian cler
gyman of Boston, who founded there the
Church of the Disciples, and was its pas
tor from 1841 till his death. He was es
pecially prominent among Unitarian writ
ers of the latter half of the century, the
tone of his thought being tnai of the
liberal conservative. His first important
work was Orthodoxy: Its Truths and Er
rors (1866). Other works of his include
Ten Great Religions, Part I, an Essay In
Comparative Theology; Ten Great Re
ligions, Part II, a Comparison of All Re
ligions; Christian Doctrine of Prayer;
Thomas Didymus; Common Sense in Re
ligion; Steps of Belief; Events and
Epochs in Religious History; Self-Cul
ture; Every Day Religion; The Ideas of
the Apostle Paul; Memorial and Bio
graphical Sketches; Vexed Questions in
Theology; and Anti-Slavery Days. He
died June 8, 1888, in Jamaica Plains, Mass.
CLARKE, JOHN, governor. He was
governor of Delaware in 1816 and 1817.
He died in August, 1821, in Smyrna, Del.
CLARKE, JOHN, physician, author, and
one of the founders of Rhode Island, was
born Oct. 8, 1609, in England. He died
April 20, 1676, in Newport, R. I.
CLARKE, JOHN, soldier, governor,
was born in 1766. He fought under
his father, General Elijah Clarke, in
the revolutionary army. At the siege
of Augusta and at the battle of
Jack's Creek, in 1787, he greatly dis
tinguished himself, and attained the rank
of major-general of the state militia. He
was governor of Georgia from 1819 to
1823. He died Oct. 15, 1832, in West
Florida.
CLARKE, JOHN B., lawyer, congress
man, was born April 14, 1833, near Au
gusta, Ky. He was elected county attor
ney in 1858, and served four years; and
was elected to the state senate of Ken
tucky in 1867, and served four years. He
was elected a representative from Ken
tucky to the forty-fourth and forty-fifth
congresses as a democrat.
CLARKE, JOHN C., congressman, was
born in 1793, in Connecticut. He served
in the assembly of New York in 1826; and
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1827 to 1829, and again
from 1837 to 1843. In 1849 he was appoint
ed first auditor of the treasury. He died
in 1852.
CLARKE, JOHN H., lawyer. United
States senator, was born in 1791 in Eliza-
bethtown, N. J. He served in the state
legislature; and was a senator in con
gress from Rhode Island, from 1847 to
1853.
CLARKE, JOHN MASON, geologist, au
thor, was born April 15, 1857, in Canan-
daigua, N. Y. From 1881 till 1884 he was
professor of geology and mineralogy at
Smith college, Northampton, Mass., after
which he filled a similar chair in the
Massachusetts Agricultural college at Am-
herst, and in 1886 became assistant pale
ontologist of the state of New York. His
published papers include New Devonian
Crustacea; On Devonian Spores; The
Geological Succession in Ontario County,
N. Y.; and On the Higher Devonian
Faunas of Ontario County, N. Y.
CLARKE, JOHN SLEEKER, actor, was
born Sept. 3, 1833, in Baltimore, Md. His
professional debut was made as Frank
Hardy in Paul Pry at the Howard Athe-
nseum of Boston when he was eighteen
years of age. In 1867 he went to reside in
London, England. He played Toodles.
which is perhaps his finest creation, for
two hundred nights without interrup
tion when it was first introduced at the
Strand theater, London.
CLARKE, JOHN T., jurist, state sen
ator, was born Jan. 12, 1834, in Putnam
county, Ga. He served as judge of the
superior courts of the Pataula circuit in
Georgia; and in 1878 was a member of
the Georgia state senate.
CLARKE, JOSEPH MORRISON, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 6, 1827, in
Bethany, Conn. This eminent clergyman
is the author of Letters on Christian
Union; Annual Addresses; and numer
ous contributions to church literature.
CLARKE, MAC DONALD, author, poet,
was born June 18, 1798, in Bath, Maine.
He was an eccentric, unbalanced verse-
writer of New York city, who was com
monly styled the mad poet; and was the
author of Poems; Sketches In Verse;
Death in Disguise, a Temperance Poem;
The Gossip; Afara, or the Belles of
Broadway; A Cross and a Coronet; Elixir
of Moonshine; and Review of the Eve of
Eternity. He died March 5, 1842, in New
York city.
CLARKE, MRS. MARY BAYARD
DEVEREUX, author, was born about 1830
in Raleigh, N. C. She published Remin
iscences of Cuba; Mosses from a Rolling
Stone; Clytie and Zenobia, a poem; and
Wood Notes, a compilation of North Caro
lina verse.
CLARKE, MARY H. G., author, poet,
was born March 28, 1835, in Bristol, R. I.
Some of her books are: Effie; Fairy
Queen of Dolls; Prince Puss-in-Boots;
Golden Hair and Her Knight of the Bean
Stalk in the Enchanted Forest; and nu
merous others. She died May 31, 1892, in
Cambridge, Mass.
CLARKE, MATTHEW ST. CLAIR.
journalist, state legislator, was born in
Pennsylvania. In 1843 he was appointed
sixth auditor of the treasury, and held
that office two years. He was the pub
lisher of the great work called the Ameri
can Archives, edited by Peter Force, who
was also directly interested in its publi
cation. He died in Washington, D. C.
CLARKE, NATHAN DANE APPLE-
TON, lawyer, was born April 15, 1852, in
Alfred, Maine. He graduated from the
Bowdoin college, and has attained prom
inence as one of the foremost lawyers of
Massachusetts, and practices his profes
sion in Lynn.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
223
CLARKE, NEWMAN S., soldier, was
born in Connecticut. He commanded a
brigade in Mexico in 1847, and received
the brevet of brigadier-general, March
29, 1847, for gallant conduct at the siege
of Vera Cruz. He died Oct. 17, 1860, in
San Francisco, Cal.
CLARKE, READER WRIGHT, state
legislator, congressman, was born May
18, 1812, in Bethel, Ohio. He was elected
to the Ohio legislature in 1840-41; was a
delegate, in 1844, to the Baltimore con
vention, and was a presidential elector
at the ensuing election. In 1864 he was
elected a representative from Ohio to
the thirty-ninth and fortieth congresses.
In 1869 he was appointed third auditor of
the treasury, and afterwards a collector
of internal revenue in Ohio. He died May
23, 1872.
CLARKE, REBECCA SOPHIA, author,
was born Feb. 22, 1833, in Norridgewock,
Maine. She is a popular writer of stories
for children and young people, who was
born and has always lived at Norridge
wock, Maine. Of the former class are the
Little Prudy Books; Dotty Dimple Series;
and Flaxie Frizzle Stories. Of the lat
ter class are Her Friend's Lover; Janet;
The Asbury Twins; In Old Quinnebasset;
Quinnebasset Girls; and The Doctor's
Daughter.
CLARKE, RICHARD, merchant, was
born in 1708. He became a merchant in
Boston, and he and his sons were con
signees of part of the tea that was thrown
overboard by the tea-party in Boston har
bor in December, 1773. He died in 1795,
in England.
CLARKE, RICHARD H., lawyer, au
thor, was born July 3, 1827, in Washing
ton, D. C. He is a prominent Roman
Catholic lawyer of Washington, and, later,
of New York, who has written many con
troversial papers, and published Illus
trated History of the Catholic Church
in the United States; and Lives of De
ceased Roman Catholic Bishops of the
United States.
CLARKE, RICHARD H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Feb. 9, 1843.
in Marengo county, Ala. He served as a
lieutenant in the first battalion of Ala
bama artillery. He was prosecuting at
torney for Marengo county from 1872 to
1876, and was prosecuting attorney of the
seventh judicial circuit from 1876 to 1877.
He was elected to the fifty-first, fifty-sec
ond, fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses
as aidemocrat.
CLARKE, ROBERT, surveyor, was born
In London, England. In 1639 he sat as a
freeman in the Maryland legislature, in
1640 was deputy surveyor, and in 1649
surveyor-general of the province. He
died in Maryland.
CLARKE, ROBERT, journalist, author,
was born May 1, 1829, in Scotland. He
edited Col. George Rogers Clarke's Cam
paign in the Illinois in 1778-79; James
McBride's Pioneer Biographies; Captain
James Smith's Captivity with the Indians;
and is the author of a pamphlet entitled
The Pre-Historic Remains Which Were
Found on the Site of the City of Cin
cinnati, with a Vindication of the Cin
cinnati Tablet.
CLARKE, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1599 in England. He
published, besides theological works and
a famous General Martyrology, A True
and Faithful Account of the Four Chief-
est Plantations of the English in America;
and New Description of the World. He
died in 1682.
CLARKE, SAMUEL FESSENDEN, nat
uralist, author, was born June 4, 1851, in
Geneva, 111. During 1874-75 he was as
sistant to the United States fish commis
sion, and from 1879 till 1881 assistant in
the biological laboratory at Johns Hop
kins university. In 1882 he became lec
turer in biology at Smith college, and
also professor of natural sciences at Will
iams college.
CLARKE, SARA J., author, was born
Sept. 12, 1840, in Norridgewock, Maine.
She is the author of the Little Miss
Weezy Series and the Silver Gate Series,
which have become very popular.
CLARKE, SIDNEY, soldier, journalist,
congressman, was born Oct. 16, 1831, in
Southbridge, Mass. He published the
Southbridge Press. In 1858 he moved to
Kansas, and settled in Lawrence. He
was*a member of the state legislature in
1862; and subsequently rendered military
service against the rebellion as a captain
of volunteers, and assistant provost mar
shal-general. He was elected a repre
sentative from Kansas to the thirty-ninth,
fortieth and forty-first congresses as a
republican, and made chairman of Indian
affairs.
CLARKE, STALE Y N., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1841 to 1843.
CLARKE, WALTER. He was a col
onial governor of Rhode Island and lived
in the seventeenth century.
CLARKE, WILLIAM, soldier, explorer,
governor, was born Aug. 1, 1770, in Vir
ginia. He was associated with Lewis,
and conducted the first exploring expedi
tion across the American continent to the
Columbia river, and gave the names of
Lewis and Clarke to the two tributaries
of that river. He was promoted to brig
adier-general, and was governor of Louis
iana territory from 1813-20. He died
Sept. 1, 1838, in St. Louis, Mo.
CLARKSON, FLOYD, soldier, was born
Feb. 27, 1831, in New York city. He
served through the civil war, ami in 1866
was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for faith
ful and meritorious services. He was a
trustee of the Union Dime Savings bank
of New York city, and president of the
Riverside bank. He died Jan. 2, 1894, in
New York city.
CLARKSON, JAMES SULLIVAN, jour
nalist, was born May 17, 1842, in Brook-
ville, Ind. He has been first assistant
postmaster - general,
and chairman of the
republican national
committee. He has
a natural aptitude
and love for politics.
He was mad° rhair-
man of the republi
can state committee
when but twenty-
four years of age;
and when twenty-
five was offered the
Swiss mission by
President Grant. In 1871 he was appoint
ed postmaster at Des Moines, Iowa, which
he filled until 1877. He began 4ife as a
school teacher; learned the printing busi
ness and worked on the Daily State Reg
ister of Des Moines, of which he became
foreman, reporter, night editor, city edi
tor, and editor-in-chief. This publication,
with his brother, he purchased in 1870,
which he has made the leading paper of
Iowa. He is president of the Republican
league of the United States, and one of
the foremost political leaders in America.
CLARKSON, MATTHEW, congressman.
He was a delegate to the continental
congress from Pennsylvania from 1785 to
1786.
CLARKSON, ROBERT HARPER, bi,;l.-
op, author, was born Nov. 19, 1826, 1.1
Gettysburg, Pa. He was consecrated mis
sionary bishop of Nebraska and Dakota,
in Chicago in 1865, and three years later,
when Nebraska was organized as a dio
cese and admitted into union with the
general convention, he was chosen to be
the bishop of the new diocese. He died
March 10, 1884, in Omaha, Neb.
CLARY, JOSEPH MONROE, educator,
lawyer, author, was born July 28, 1861,
in Saline county, 111. He is the author of
a work entitled Our Nation's History and
Song.
CLARY, ROBERT EMMET, soldier, was
born March 21, 1805, in Ashfield, Mass.
He served in the Florida war of 1840-41;
and at various posts till the civil war.
In 1865 he was brevetted brigadier-gen
eral for his services during the war. He
died Jan. 19, 1890, in Washington, D. C.
CLASON, ISAAC STARR, educator,
actor, author, poet, was born in 1789 in
New York. He was the author of Horace
in New York, a collection of poems, full
of the New York gossip of the day, and
celebrating, among others, Madame Mali-
bran, then the chief operatic singer. He
died in 1834 in London, England.
CLAWSON, ISAIAH D., congressman,
was born March 30, 1822, in Woodstown,
N. J. He was a member of the New Jer
sey assembly in 1853, and was elected a
representative from that state to the thir
ty-fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
CLAXTON, KATE, actress, was born
in 1848 in New York city. She first ap
peared with Lotta in Chicago, but at
tracted no attention until the production
of Led Astray, in 1873.
CLAY, ALEXANDER STEPHENS,
United States senator, was born Sept. 25
, in Cobb county, Ga. He was elected
a member of the city council in 1880 and
re-elected in 1881; and in 1884-85 and
1886-87 represented Cobb county in the
general assembly of the state. In the lat
ter term he was elected speaker pro-
tempore; was re-elected for 1889-90, and
served as speaker for two years. In 1892
he was elected to the state senate, and
served as president of that body for two
years. In 1894 he was elected chairman
of the state democratic executive com
mittee, and conducted the state campaign
between the democrats and populists that
year, and was re-elected to the same posi
tion in 1896, and still occupies the place.
He was elected to the United States sen
ate as a democrat for term of 1897-1903.
CLAY, BRUTUS J., state legislator,
congressman, was born July 1, 1808, in
Madison county, Ky. In 1840 he served in
the Kentucky state legislature. He was
elected a representative from Kentucky to
the thirty-eighth congress.
CLAY, CASSIUS MARCELLUS, states
man, was born Oct. 19, 1810, in Madison
county, Ky. He was a member of the
Kentucky legislature
in 1835, 1837 and
tiHK 1840, and of the na
tional whig conven
tion of 1840, at Har-
risburg. He stumped
the northern states
for Henry Clay for
the presidency in
1844; in 1845, issued,
in Lexington, The
True American, a
weekly anti-slavery
paper; in August his
press was seized by a mob, and the paper
was afterwards printed in Cincinnati and
published in Lexington, whither he had
removed in 1840, and later in Louisville.
224
HERRINOBHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGHA1MIV.
CLAY, CLEMENT CLAIBORNE, JR.,
slate legislator, United States senator,
was born in 1819 in Madison, Ala. He
served in the legislature of Alabama in
1842, 1844 and 1845, and was elected in
1846 a judge of the Madison county court.
In 1852 he was a presidential elector, and
in 1853 was elected a senator in congress
from Alabama. In 1859 he was re-elected
for the term of six years, receiving every
vote in the legislature. He was expelled
from the senate March 14, 1861, and took
part in the rebellion of that year, and
was subsequently confined in Portress
Monroe as a prisoner of state.
CLAY, CLEMENT COMER, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, governor, was born
Dec. 17, 1789, in Halifax county, Va. He
was elected a member of the territorial
council of Alabama, and in 1819 was
elected one of the judges of the circuit
court, and in 1820 was chosen chief justice
of that court. In 1828 he was elected to
the state legislature, and was made
speaker. He was a representative in con
gress from Alabama from 1827 to 1835,
and in 1835 was elected governor of Ala
bama, serving two years. In 1837 he was
elected a senator in congress for the term
ending in 1842. He died Sept. 9, 1866, in
Huntsville, Ala.
CLAY, GRKEN, soldier, surveyor, state
legislator, was born Aug. 14, 1757, in Pow-
liatan county. Va. He was a represent
ative of the Kentucky district in the Vir
ginia legislature: a member of the con
vention that ratified the federal consti
tution, and a leading member of the Ken
tucky constitutional convention of 1799.
He died Oct. 31, 1826, in Kentucky.
• CLAY, HENRY, statesman, orator, was
born April 12, 1777. in Hanover county,
Vn He was sent to the senate from
Kentucky in 180fi,
and from that date,
his life, time and
talents were inter
woven with the po
litical welfare of his
country. He was
thrice a candidate
for the presidency,
but his adherence to
principle instead of
party lost for him
the unanimous vote.
When warned by his
friends that his compromise bill would
lessen his chances for the presidency, he
gave his ever-remembered reply: I would
rather be right than president. He be
came a United States senator for nearly
half a century. He died June 29, 1852, in
Washington, I). C.
CLAY, HENRY DE B.. soldier, was
born June 22, 1843, in Cincinnati, Ohio. In
1860 he graduated from Mount Pleasant
military academy of
Sing Sing, N. Y. He
served through the
civil war as captain,
and after the war ac-
companied his regi-
I ment to the frontier.
I and served in Ari-
• zona, California, Ore-
f gon and Washington
g^B> *^^^^. "'I'ritory, and re-
•k ^k I signed from the
«k * jfl I army in 1870. In
1876 he was called to
organize and command as colonel the
Centennial Guards, a semi-military police
of twelve hundred men. In 1883 he was
president of the Eastern Lunatic asylum
of Willlamsburg. Va.. and for two years
was collector of customs at Newport News.
In 1885 he was commander of the G. A. R.
department of Virginia and North Caro
lina, and received the re-election the fol
lowing year. During 1891-96 he was pres
ident of the state league of republican
clubs of Virginia, and for three years was
again collector of customs at Newport
News, during 1890-93.
CLAY, JAMES BROWN, congressman,
was born in Washington City. D. C., Nov.
9, 1817. He was elected to congress in
1857, serving one term on the committee
on foreign affairs, and was a member of
the peace convention of 1861. held in
Washington. He was identified with the
rebellion of 1861. He died Jan. 26, 186). in
Montreal, Canada.
CLAY, JAMES F., state senator, con
gressman, was born Oct. 29, 1840. in Hen
derson, Ky. He was a state senator froni
1872 to 1875, and was elected a repre
sentative from Kentucky to the forty-
eighth congress as a democrat.
CLAY, JAMES RALPH, educator, was
born Aug. 19, 1867, near Camden Pt., Mo.
He attended the Gem City Business col
lege of Quincy, 111., and the Normal
school of Chillicothe, Mo. He has prin
cipally been engaged in educational work,
and is the vice-president of the Epworth
league at Dearborn, Mo.
CLAY, JOHN RANDOLPH, diplomat,
was born in 1808 in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1830 he went to Russia as secretary
of legation, and in 1836 was appointed
charge d'affaires to the same country.
In 1838 he was made secretary of lega
tion to Austria; and in 1845 went back
to Russia in the same capacity. In 1847
he was appointed charge d'affaires to
Peru, and in 1853 raised to the rank of
minister plenipotentiary to the same coun
try, remaining there until isiin.
CLAY, JOSEPH, jurist, congressman,
was born in 1741. He was a delegate
from Georgia to the continental congress
Horn 1778 to 1780. and was judge of the
district *ourt of Georgia from 1796 to
1MI1. He was paymaster-general of the
southern department during the revolu
tion. He died Jan. Hi. 1805. in Savannah.
Ga.
CLAY, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist, clergy
man, was born Aug. 16, 1764. in Savannah,
(la. He was a leading member of the
state constitutional convention, and was
United States district judge of Georgia
from 1796-1801. He died .Jan. 11, 1811. in
Host on, Mass.
CLAY, MATTHEW, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1797 to 1813. He died in
1815.
CLAY, THOMAS H., diplomat, was born
in 1803, in Kentucky, and son of Henry
clay. In 1862 he was appointed minister
resident to Nicaragua, where he remained
until 1866. During the same period he
was accredited as minister to Honduras.
He died March 18, 1871, in Lexington, Ky.
CLAYPOOL, BENJAMIN F., congress
man, was born Dec. 12. 1825, in Conners-
ville, Ind. He was in 1856 a delegate to
the Philadelphia
convention that
nominated John C.
Bh Fremont. In 186U
^^£: Hi he was fleeted Sena-
£^^H tor from the counties
of Fayette and
Union. In 1874 he
was the nominee for
congress in the then
fifth congressional
district. Became
president of the Na
tional Farmers' con
gress.
CLAYTON. ALEXANDER M., jurist.
He was an early emigrant to Arkansas
when it was a territory, and in 1835 was
appointed one of the United States judges
for that district.
CLAYTON, AUGUSTIN SMITH, jurist,
state legislator, author, was born Nov. 27,
1783, in Fredericksburg, Va. He was ap
pointed judge of the superior court; was
a presidential elector in 1829, and was a
representative in congress from Georgia
from 1831 to 1835. He died June 21, 1839.
at Athens, Ga.
CLAYTON, BENJAMIN F., farmer,
state legislator, was born in 1839, near
Carlisle, Ky. He moved to Indiana in
1855, and to Iowa in
fl^HHBHHUB 1873. He is a suc-
6 cessful farmer and
I business man; has
I lectured extensively.
I and contributed to
I current literature.
I He has been a mem-
I her of the Iowa house
• of representatives
for three terms; and
has been president
of the board of trus
tees of Simpson col
lege of Indianola, Iowa. For four years
he has been president of the Farmers'
National congress of the United States;
and in 1895 was president of the Pan-
American Agricultural parliament at At
lanta, Ga. In 1896 he was prominently
identified as a nominee for the governor
ship of Iowa.
CLAYTON, CHARLES, surveyor, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1825
in England. He was a member of the
state legislature in 1863-66; a member of
the board of supervisors of San Francisco
from 1864 to 1869; and in 1870 was ap
pointed surveyor of customs of the port
and district of San Francisco. He was
elected to the forty-third congress, serv
ing on the committees on commerce and
the centennial celebration.
CLAYTON, HENRY D., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Barbour county,
Ala. He was elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
CLAYTON, JOHN M1DDLETON, law
yer. United States senator, was born July
24, 1796, in Sussex county, Del. He was
elected to the state legislature, and subse
quently secretary of the state of Delaware.
In 1829 he was chosen a senator in con
gress and re-elected in 1835. He was ap
pointed chief justice of Delaware, and
was again elected to the federal senate in
1845, and was a senator until 1849, when
he became secretary of state under Presi
dent Taylor. During this period he nego
tiated the famous Clayton-Bulwer treaty,
and was for the third time elected to the
senate, taking his seat in March, 1851.
He died Nov. 9, 1856, in Dover, Del.
CLAYTON, JOSHUA. United States sen
ator, governor. He was president of
Delaware from 1789 to 1793; governor
from 1793 to 1796; and was chosen senator
of the United States In 1798. He died Aug
11, 1798, in Middletown, Del.
CLAYTON. POWELL, soldier, railroad
president, United States senator, governor,
was born Aug. 7. 1833, in Bethel, Pa. He
entered the union army in Kansas, and
was promoted to brigadier-general in
1864. He settled in Arkansas at the close
of the war as a planter; was elected gov
ernor in 1868, and United States senator
in 1871, for the term ending in 1877. Since
1888 he has been president of the Eureka
Springs railway.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
225
CLAYTON, THOMAS, jurist, congress
man, United States senator, was born
March 9, 1778, in Newcastle, Del. He was
a representative in congress from Dela
ware from 1813 to 1817; United States sen
ator from 1823 to 1826, and again from
1837 to 1847. He was, at different periods,
a member of the Delaware legislature,
chief justice of the court of common pleas,
and of the superior court. He died Aug.
21, 1854, in Newcastle, Del.
CLAYTOR, GRAHAM, lawyer, author,
poet, was born Oct. 27, 1852, in Bedford
county, Va. For many years he taught
school; then engaged in the practice of
law at Bedford City, Va.; and in 1895 was
elected the commonwealth's attorney. He
is the author of two novels of southern
life, and a book of pastoral poems.
CLEARY, KATE PHELIM, author,
poet, was born Aug. 20, 1863, in Canada. A
number of excellent short stories and
poems have appeared from the pen of this
author in standard collections and in
current magazines.
CLEAVELAND, J. F., merchant, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from Georgia from 1836 to 1839.
He subsequently removed to Charleston,
where he became a merchant. He died
May 19, 1841.
CLEAVELAND, JOHN, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 22, 1722, in Canter
bury, Conn. He was a congregational min
ister of Massachusetts, and the author of
The Work of God at Chebacco (now Es
sex) in 1763; Essay to Defend Christ's
Sacrifice and Atonement against Asper
sions Cast on the Same by Dr. Mayhew;
Reply to Dr. Maybe w's Letter of Reproof;
and Treatise on Infant Baptism. He died
April 22, 1799, in Ipswich, Mass.
CLEAVELAND, MOSES, pioneer, was
born Jan. 29, 1754, in Canterbury, Conn.
He was commissioned captain of a com
pany of sappers and miners in 1779, served
for several years, and then resumed legal
practice. He was several times elected to
the legislature, and in 1796 was commis
sioned brigadier-general of militia. He
died Nov. 16, 1806, in Canterbury, Conn.
CLEAVELAND, NEHEMIAH, educator,
author, was born in 1796 in Topsfleld,
Mass. He was an educator of Massachu
setts, who published a History of Bow-
doin College, with Biographical Sketches
of Its Graduates, 1806-79, which was edited
and completed by A. S. Packard. He died
in 1877.
CLEAVELAND, PARKER, educator,
scientist, author, was born Jan. 15, 1780,
in Rowley, Mass. In 1799 he graduated
from Bowdoin col
lege; and then en
tered educational
work. In 1805 he
became professor of
mathematics and
natural philosophy
in Bowdoin college;
I itf" ^4 and subsequently lec
tured extensively on
r-m. the sciences of chem
istry and mineral
ogy. He was the au
thor of a work on
Mineralogy; and contributed extensively
to scientific journals. He gained the title
of the father of American mineralogy.
He died Oct. 15, 1858, in Brunswick, Maine.
CLEAVELAND, WILLIAM WALDO,
manufacturer, was born Jan. 8, 1864, In
Lake City, Fla. In 1893 he organized a
stock company to handle and manufac
ture furniture on a scale never before at
tempted in Florida.
15
CLEAVES, HENRY BRADSTREET,
lawyer, legislator, governor. He was ed
ucated in the common schools of Maine,
and at Bridgton and
Lewiston Falls acad
emies. He served un
der Grant and Sheri
dan in the war for
the preservation of
the union, and at
its close was offered
a commission in the
regular army by sec
retary of war Stan-
ton, which was de
clined. He served as
city solicitor of Port
land, Maine, and represented that city in
the state legislature two terms. He
served five years as attorney-general of
Maine. In 1893 he was elected governor
of Maine, and served with distinction for
two terms, and upon Governor Cleaves'
retiring from this office in January, 1897,
both branches of the legislature unan
imously passed resolutions commending
his honorable service.
CLEAVES, NATHAN, lawyer, state leg
islator, jurist, was born in January, 1835,
in Bridgton, Maine. He was elected city
solicitor of Portland, Maine, in 1869; and
has represented that city twice in the
legislature, and been judge of probate for
the county.
CLELAND, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 22, 1778, in Fairfax
county, Va. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman of Kentucky, much inclined to con
troversy, who published Letters on Camp-
bellism; The Socini-Arian Detected; and
Unitarianism Unmasked. He died Jan. 31,
1858, in Fairfax county, Va.
CLEMENS, JEREMIAH, soldier, United
States senator, author, was born Dec. 28,
1814, in Huntsville, Ala. In 1830-41 he
was elected a member of the state legis
lature; in 1842 raised a company of vol
unteer troops and went to Texas, having
been appointed lieutenant-colonel, and
was subsequently appointed to the same
office in the regular army. In 1843 and
1844 he was again elected to the legis
lature; in 1844 was a presidential elector,
and in 1848 was appointed governor of the
civil and military department of purchase
in Mexico, which position he held until
the close of the war. He was a senator in
congress from Alabama from 1849 to 1853.
He was the author of Bernard Lile;
Mustang Gray; The Rivals; and Tobias
Wilson. He died May 21, 1865, in Hunts-
vUte, Ala.
CLEMENS, SAMUEL LANGHORNE.
author, was born Nov. 30, 1835, in Flor
ida, Mo. He is a celebrated humorist,
who, after an eventful experience as a
journalist, rose to fame by the publication
of The Innocents Abroad, a volume of ex
travagantly humorous travels, which still
remains his most popular book. Only a
very small portion of his writing has any
place as literature, but as an author he is
one of the most popular and successful
of his time. Other works of his are: A
Tramp Abroad; Roughing It; Tom Saw
yer; The Gilded Age (with C. D. War
ner); The Jumping Frog; Life on the
Mississippi; Huckleberry Finn; Merry
Tales; A Connecticut Yankee at King Ar
thur's Court; Tom Sawyer Abroad;
Pudd'nhead Wilson; The American Claim
ant. The Prince and the Pauper; and Joan
of Arc, are works in a serious vein, the
first being his most finished production.
CLEMENS, SHERRARD, lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 28, 1826, in
Wheeling, Va. He was elected a member
of congress from 1852 to 1853, and was
elected to the thirty-fifth and thirty-
sixth congresses.
CLEMENS, WILLIAM M., journalist,
author, was born in 1859. He is a jour
nalist of Cleveland; and the author of
Life and Times of John Brown, and The
Nemesis of Passion.
CLEMENT, MRS. CLARA ERSKINE,
author, was born Aug. 28, 1834, in St.
Louis, Mo. Her first work, the Simple
Story of the Orient, was printed private
ly in 1869. She has published Legendary
and Mythological Art; Painters, Sculp
tors, Architects, Engravers, and their
Works; Artists of the Nineteenth Cen
tury and their Works, in conjunction with
Laurence Hutton; Eleanor Maitland, a
novel; History of Egypt; three Hand-
Books of Painting, Sculpture and Archi
tecture; Christian Symbols and Stories of
the Saints; and Stories of Art and Ar
tists.
CLEMENTS, ANDREW J., physician,
congressman, was born in 1832 in Jack
son county, Tenn. He was elected a rep
resentative from Tennessee in the thir
ty-seventh congress, and in 1866 was
elected to the legislature of Tennessee.
CLEMENTS, CHARLES WESLEY,
merchant, legislator, was born July 22,
1851, near Church Hill, Md. He is a suc
cessful merchant of Crumpton, Md.;
served with distinction as a member of
the house of delegates of Maryland in
1894; and has always taken an active part
in politics.
CLEMENTS, EMMA NEWBOLD, tem
perance reformer. She became greatly in
terested in temperance reform in 1884;
has been the president of two local unions
of the Woman's Christian Temperance
union, and one of its national superin
tendents.
CLEMENTS, ISAAC, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1837 in Frank
lin county, Ind. He entered the union
army as second lieutenant of infantry
in 1861, and remained in the service three
years. He was appointed register in
bankruptcy in June, 1867, and was elected
to the forty-third congress as a repub
lican.
CLEMENTS, JUDSON C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 12, 1846, in
Walker county, Ga. He was elected a
representative in the state legislature in
1872 for the term of two years, and was
re-elected in 1874. He was elected a
state senator in 1877, and was elected a
representative from Georgia to the forty-
seventh, forty-eighth and forty-ninth con
gresses.
.CLEMENTS, NEWTON N., merchant,
congressman, was born Dec. 23, 1837, in
Tuskaloosa county, Ala. He was pres
ident of the Tuskaloosa Manufacturing
company, and was a representative in the
legislature of Alabama in 1870-78. He
was elected a representative from Ala
bama to the forty-sixth congress to fill a
vacancy.
CLEMENTS, SAMUEL, educator, cler
gyman, was born Oct. 20, 1825, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1870 he had the care for
a year of a missionary training school;
at the end of that time he was led to es
tablish, near Philadelphia, the Chelten
ham academy, a military school for boys,
where hundreds have been educated for
lives of usefulness. He died Dec. 9, 1888.
CLEMMER, MARY, author, poet, was
born in 1838. She was one of America's
best newspaper correspondents; and the
author of Memorial of Alice and Phoebe
Cary, His Two Wives, a volume of poems.
She died in 1884.
|6
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CLENDENEN, DAVID, congressman.
He was a representative in rongress from
Ohio from 1814 to 1815 to fill a vacancy;
and again from 1815 to 1817.
CLENDENING, JAMES H., lawyer, was
born March 17, 1834, in Ogdensburg, N. Y.
He graduated from the Columbia law
college and has attained prominence as
an able lawyer of Fort Smith, Ark.
He was postmaster of his city for eight
years; and for eight years president of
the Fort Smith chamber of commerce;
and in 1893 he served as a national com
missioner to the World's Fair. He served
with distinction during the civil war; en
listed from Iowa in 1862, and mustered
out as lieutenant-colonel in 1865.
CLENDENING, JOHN, engineer, rail
road manager, was born July 15, 1854, in
Philadelphia, Pa. Since 1870 he has been
in the railway service; and has filled
numerous important positions. He is now
roadmaster of the Southern Pacific com
pany at San Francisco, Cal.; and also
takes an active part in the public affairs
of his city, county and state.
CLEPHANE, JAMES O.. lawyer, inven
tor, was born Feb. 21, 1842, in Washing
ton, D. C. In 1892 he was elected vice-
president of the Linotype Reporting and
Printing company, and he devoted a large
amount of capital and enterprise toward
the development of the graphophone.
CLEVELAND, AARON, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 3, 1744, in Haddam,
Conn. He was a poet who late in life
became a congregational minister. Ho
was the great-grandfather of President
Cleveland. He was the author of The
Philosopher and Boy, and Slavery Con
sidered, both productions in verse. He
died Sept. 21, 1815.
CLEVELAND, BENJAMIN, soldier, jur
ist, was born March 26, 1738, in Virginia.
He served in the revolutionary war, and
attained the rank of captain. At the
close of the war he settled in Tugalo
Valley, and was judge in old Pendleton
county for many years. He died October,
1806, in Tugalo Valley, S. C.
CLEVELAND, CHARLES DEXTER,
educator, author, was born Dec. 3, 1802, in
Salem, Mass. He was an educator of
Philadelphia, who published Compen-
diums of English, American, and Classical
Literature; English Literature of tho
Nineteenth Century; and critical edition
of Milton, with notes and life. He died
Aug. 18, 1869, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CLEVELAND, CHAUNCEY FITCH,
was born Feb. 16, 1799, in Hampton, Conn.
He was in the Connecticut legislature for
ten terms, 1826-1848; and was twice
elected speaker. He was appointed at
torney for the state in 1832; was govern
or of Connecticut in 1842-43, and represen
tative in congress from 1849 to 1853. He
died June 6, 1887, in Hampton, Conn.
CLEVELAND, CYNTHIA ELOISE, law
yer, lecturer, was born Aug. 13, 1845, in
Canton, N. Y. She received her educa
tion in the public schools, and at the Me
dina academy. She has been eminently
successful as a lawyer, lecturer and
writer; was vice-president of the Wo
man's National Temperance union, and
director of the American Author's guild.
She lectured in 1884 on the public plat
form in behalf of Grover Cleveland. She
is the only woman ever appointed to clas
sified service from civil service register
upon the law examination. She now is
auditing money order accounts in Wash
ington, D. C. She is the author of a politi
cal novel entitled See Saw, or Civil Serv
ice in the Departments; and Is It Fate?
CLEVELAND, GROVER, twenty-second
president of the United States, was born
March 18, 1837, in Caldwell, N. J. In
1855 he entered a
law office in Buffalo
as clerk, at four dol
lars a week, and was
admitted to the bar
in 1859. He was as
sistant district attor-
| ney of Erie county
for three years, be
ginning January 1,
1863. In 1865 he was
a candidate for dis
trict attorney, and
was beaten. He was
elected sheriff of Erie county in 1870 for
three years. He was elected mayor of
Buffalo in 1881 for the term beginning
Jan. 1, 1882. In November, 1882, he was
elected governor of New York by 192,854
plurality over Charles J. Folger, and took
the oath of office Jan. 1, 1883. July 8, 1884,
the democratic national convention met
at Chicago. The rules required a two-
thirds vote to nominate. On the first
ballot Grover Cleveland received 392
votes; Thomas F. Bayard, Delaware, 170;
Allen G. Thurman, Ohio, 88; Samuel J.
Randall, Pennsylvania, 78; Joseph Mc
Donald, Indiana, 56; John G. Carlisle,
Kentucky, 27; Roswell P. Flower, New
York, 4; George Hoadly, Ohio, 3; -Samuel
J. Tilden, New York, 1, and Thomas A.
Hendricks, Indiana, 1 vote. The second
vote stood: Cleveland, 683; Bayard,
81%; Hendricks, 45%; Thurman, 4; Ran
dall, 4, and McDonald, 2. Cleveland's
nomination was made unanimous by
Thomas A. Hendricks, of Indiana, who
was then nominated for vice-president
by acclamation. The election in Novem
ber was very close, the popular vote be
ing 4,911,017 for Cleveland and 4,848,334
for Elaine, giving Cleveland 62,683 plu
rality. In the state of New York the
Cleveland electors carried the state by
1,047 plurality, giving him the 36 electoral
votes of that state and a majority of 37
in the electoral college. He resigned as
governor of New York Jan. 6, and waa
inaugurated President March 4, 1885. The
democratic national convention met at St.
Louis June 5, 1888, and unanimously re-
nominated Cleveland for president. Al
len G. Thurman was nominated for vice-
president. They were beaten at the No
vember election. Grover Cleveland was
again elected to the presidency of the
United States and served during 1893-97.
CLEVELAND, HENRY RUSSELL, au
thor, was born in 1809. He was the author
of The Classical Education of Boys; and
Life of Henry Hudson. He died June 12,
1843, in St. Louis, Mo.
CLEVELAND, HORACE WILLIAM
SHALER, author, was born Dec. 16, 1814,
in Lancaster, Mass. He is a noted land
scape gardener of Minneapolis; and the
author of Hints to Riflemen; Landscape
Architecture; and Voyages of a Merchant
Navigator.
CLEVELAND, JESSE, merchant, pat
riarch, was born in February, 1785, in
Spartanburg, S. C. He settled in Spar-
tanburg in 1810; opened the second store
in that place, and was its leading mer
chant for forty-one years. He became the
patriarch of the county, and the founder
of the largest, wealthiest and most in
fluential families of northern South Caro
lina. He died Dec. 3, 1851, in Spartan-
burg, S. C.
CLEVELAND, ORESTES, merchant,
congressman, was born March 2, 1829, in
Duanesburg, N. Y. He was in the city
councils of Jersey City in 1861-62; presi
dent of the board of aldermen one year;
was mayor of the city in 1864, 1865 and
1866; and rendered the union cause some
financial help in 1864. He was elected
a representative from New Jersey to the
forty-first congress, serving on the com
mittees on territories and manufactures.
CLEVELAND, RICHARD JEFFREY,
author, was born In 1773 in Massachu
setts. He was the author of Voyages and
Commercial Enterprises; and Voyages of
a Merchant Navigator of the Days tnat
are Past. He died in 1860.
CLEVELAND, ROSE ELIZABETH, au
thor, poet, was born in 1846 in Fayette-
ville, N. Y.; and is the daughter of the
Rev. Richard Cleveland, a noted presby-
terian clergyman. She received her edu
cation at the Houghton seminary. She
was the mistress of the White House dur
ing the first administration of her brother,
ex-President Grover Cleveland. She is the
author of a number of essays, poems and
novels, the principal of which are George
Eliot's Poetry and Other Studies; and The
Long Run, a novel.
CLEVENGER, SHOBAL VAIL, sculp
tor, was born Oct. 23, 1812, in Middle-
town, Ohio. Specimens of his work are
now preserved in the art-galleries of the
Boston athenseum, the New York and
Philadelphia Historical societies, the Met
ropolitan Museum of Art in New York,
and the Academy of Fine Arts in Phila
delphia. His bust of Daniel Webster,
recognized as the most faithful likeness
of the great statesman, was selected by
the postoffice department as best adapted
for representation on the fifteen-cent
United States postage-stamp. He died
Sept. 23, 1843, in Chicago, 111.
CLEVENGER, SHOBAL VAIL, physi
cian, author, was born March 24, 1843, in
Florence, Italy. He is a physician of Chi
cago, and son of the noted sculptor of
the same name. He is the author of
Treatise on Government Surveying; Com
parative Physiology and Psychology; and
Lectures on Artistic Anatomy and
Sciences Useful to the Artist.
CLEVER, CHARLES P., lawyer, con
gressman, author, was born Feb. 23, 1830,
in Germany. He filled the offices in New
Mexico of United States marshal, attor
ney-general, adjutant-general, as well as
several others; and was elected a delegate
from New Mexico to the fortieth congress.
In 1868 he published a small work on tho
Resources of New Mexico.
CLEWS, HENRY, financier, author, was
born Aug. 14, 1840, in England. In 1859
he became a member of Livermore,
Clews and Company, bankers; and be
came the largest negotiator of railroad
loans in America or Europe. He is the
author of a work entitled Twenty-Eight
Years in Wall Street.
CLIFFORD, BRANCH GREENLEAF,
educator, clergyman, college president,
was born Dec. 1, 1843, in Haverhill, N. H.
He received a thorough education, and
has had the degrees of A. B., A. M., and
Ph. D. conferred upon him. He has at
tained eminence as a clergyman of the
presbyterian church, and is the president
and proprietor of the Clifford seminary
of Union, S. C.
CLIFFORD, JOHN HENRY, lawyer,
state legislator, governor, was born Jan.
16, 1809, in Providence, R. I. He was a
member of the legislature in 1835; and
attorney-general of Massachusetts from
1849 to 1853, and from 1854 to 1858. He
was governor of the state in 1853-54; and
president of the state senate in 1862. He
died Jan. 2,. 1876, in New Bedford, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
227
CLIFFORD, NATHAN, lawyer, jurist,
diplomat, congressman, was born Aug. 18.
1803, in Rumney, N. H. He was elected
to the legislature from York county in
1830, and re-elected for three years, dur
ing the last two occupying the post of
speaker. In 1834 he was appointed at
torney-general for the state of Maine;
was a representative in congress from
1839 to 1843; and in 1846 was appointed
attorney-general of the United States. In
1847 he was appointed commissioner to
Mexico; and when peace was declared be
tween this country and Mexico he was ap
pointed minister to that republic. In 1858
he was appointed an associate justice of
the supreme court of the United States. He
published United States Court Reports.
He died July 25, 18481, in Cornish, Maine.
CLIFT, JOSEPH WALES, physician,
congressman, was born Sept. 1, 1836, in
Marshfield, Mass. He was appointed reg
ister of that city, and was elected in
1868 a representative from Georgia to the
fortieth congress.
CLIFTON, JOSEPHINE, actress, was
born in 1813, in New York city. She was
the first American actress to visit Eng
land as a star, and her reception was a
very cordial one. In 1837 N. P. Willis
wrote for her the tragedy Bianca Vis-
cante, which was first produced at the
Park theater of New York city. She died
Nov. 22, 1847, in New Orleans, La.
CLIFTON, WILLIAM, poet, was born
in 1772 in Philadelphia, Pa. During the
excitement produced by Jay's treaty, Clif
ton used his pen in support of the admin
istration, contributing to the newspapers
many satires in prose and verse. His
poems were collected and published after
his death with Introductory Notes of His
Life and Character (New York, 1800). He
died in December, 1799.
CLINCH, CHARLES POWELL, author,
poet, was born Oct. 20, 1797, in New York
city. For many years Mr. Clinch was an
editorial writer for the press, and a liter
ary and dramatic critic. He also wrote nu
merous poems, theatrical addresses, and
plays, including The Spy; The Expelled
Collegians; and The First of May. In
1835 he was elected a member of the state
legislature. He died Dec. 16, 1880, in
New York city.
CLINCH, DUNCAN LAMONT, soldier,
legislator, congressman, was born April
6, 1787, in Edgecombe county, N. C. He
was a general in the United States army;
and from 1843 to 1845 was a representa
tive in congress from Georgia. He died
Oct. 27, 1849, in Macon, Ga.
CLINE, CHARLES EDWARD, journal
ist, state legislator, was born July 8, 1858,
in Danville, 111. He received his educa
tion in the public schools of Danville;
and subsequently attended a polytechnic
institute in St. Louis, Mo. In 1876 he
moved to Nebraska, where he took an ac
tive interest in the campaign of that year
for Peter Cooper. In 1880 he was a dele
gate to the state greenback convention,
and also to the national greenback con
vention which nominated Weaver in that
year. In 1884 he settled in Lynden, Wash.,
elected a representative of the Washing
ton state legislature by the people's par
ty; and received the re-election in 1896.
For a number of years he was a justice of
the peace; edited The Farm and Fruit
Grower; and in 1897 established The
Washington State Journal of Olympia.
CLINGAN, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
continental congress from 1777 to 1779,
and was a signer of the articles of con
federation.
CLINGMAN, THOMAS L., soldier, law
yer, congressman, author, was born in
1S12, in Huntsiille, N. C. He was soon
elected to a seat in the state senate of
North Carolina; in 1843 was elected to
congress, and with the exception of one
term, was a member of the house of rep
resentatives until the thirty-fifth congress.
He was appointed a senator in congress
to fill a vacancy. He made contributions
to the science of geology and mineralogy,
and brought to light many facts connected
with the mountains of North Carolina, one
of the highest peaks of which it was his
fortune to explore and measure, and
which now bears his name. His works
are: Speeches, and Follies of the Posi-
tivist Philosophers.
CLINTON, CHARLES, ancestor of the
Clintons in the United States, soldier, jur-
is't, was born in 1690> in Ireland. He was
justice of the peace', county judge and
lieutenant-colonel of the Ulster county mi
litia. He was made a lieutenant-colonel
in Oliver DeLancy's regiment on March
24, 1758, and served under Col. Bradstreet
at the siege and capture of Fort Fonte-
nac. He died Nov. 19, 1773, in Orange
county, N. Y.
CLINTON, DE WITT, lawyer, govern
or, author, was born March 2, 1769, in
Little Britain, N. Y. He was elected to
the senate of New
York in 1799; and in
1802 fought a duel
with Mr. Swartwout,
arising from a politi
cal controversy con
cerning Mr. Burr. He
was a senator of the
United States from
3802 to 1803; and was
chosen mayor of
New York in 1803,
holding this office
until 1815. He was
for several years a state senator and the
lieutenant-g^nernor; and in 1812 he con
sented to become the candidate of the
peace party for the presidency of the
United States. In 1824 he was elected
governor of the state, and in 1826 was
re-elected to the same office. He was the
author of Memoir of Antiquities of West
ern New York; Natural History and In
ternal Revenues of New York; and
Speeches to the Legislature. He died
Feb. 11, 1828, in Albany, N. Y.
CLINTON, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a member of
the New York assembly in 1801 and 1802;
and was representative in congress from
that state from 1804 to 1809.
CLINTON, GEORGE, soldier, states
man, was born July 26, 1739, in Ulster
county, N. Y. He was a member of the
colonial assembly,
and also of the prov
incial congress in
1775; was appointed
a brigadier-general
in 1777; and was
governor of New
York for eighteen
years. From 1795 to
1800 he lived in re
tirement, and was
again chosen govern
or in 1804. He was
elected vice-presi
dent of the United States during the year
1804, and retained the office until his
death. He died April 20, 1812, in Wash
ington, D. C.
CLINTON, JAMES G., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1841 to 1845.
CLINTON, JOHN W., journalist, was
born in 1836, in Andes, N. Y. He is the
editor and proprietor of the Ogle Coun
ty Press, and president of the Illinois
Press association.
CLINTON, JOSEPH JACKSON, bishop,
was born Oct. 3, 1823, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was missionary bishop in the south
during and after the war, and very suc
cessful in the establishment there of mis
sions and annual conferences. He died
May 25, 1881, in Atlantic City, N. J.
CLINTON, THOMAS, congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1827 to 1831; and for a second term from
1833 to 1835.
CLITZ, HENRY BOYNTON, soldier,
was born July 4, 1824, in Sackett's Harbor,
N. Y. He was made colonel of the tenth
infantry Feb. 22, 1869, and placed on the
retired list July 1, 1885, at his own re
quest, having been in the service forty
years. He died Oct. 13, 1889.
CLITZ, JOHN MELLEN BRADY,
naval officer, was born Dec. 1, 1821, in
Sackett's Harbor, N. Y. He entered 'the
navy as a midshipman in 1837; was pro
moted to rear-admiral in 1880; command
ed the Asiatic station, and was placed on
the retired list in 1884.
CLODFELTER, N. J., author, poet, was
born Dec. 14, 1852, in Alamo, Ind. He is
known as The Wabash Poet, and is the
author of Early Vanities, and Snatched
from the Poorhouse.
CLOPTON, DAVID, congressman, was
born in 1820 in Georgia. He was elected '
a representative from Alabama to the
thirty-sixth congress. He resigned in
February, 1861, to take part in the rebel
lion of that year.
CLOPTON, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1795 to 1799, and again
from 1801 to 1816. He died Sept. 11, 1816.
CLOSE, FRED J., railroad president,
was born March 21, 1849, in Snyder coun
ty, Pa. Since 1895 he has been president
of the Gulf and Interstate railway of
Kansas.
CLOUGH, EDGAR E., soldier, legisla
tor, clergyman, was born Aug. 23, 1840,
in Homer, N. Y. He entered the civil
war as a private in company A, one hun
dred and forty-eighth regiment New York
volunteers, and became first lieutenant,
adjutant and captain of the thirty-ninth
regiment United States colored troops. In
1887 he was a colonel in the Wisconsin
National guard. In 1889 he was a member
of the constitutional convention of South
Dakota. He has been vice-president of
the trustees of the university of Dakota,
and president of the board of commis
sioners of the South Dakota Soldiers'
home for eight years. He began minis
terial work in La Crosse, Wis., and has
filled pastorates in Eau Claire, Chippe-
wa Falls, Mineral Point, Platteville, and
Black River Falls. In 1887 he was trans
ferred to Dakota, and is now presiding
elder of the methodist episcopal church
In the Black Hills conference of Dead-
wood, S. D. He has been grand chap
lain and senior vice-commander of the
Grand Army of the Republic, department
of South Dakota.
CLOUGH, GEORGE L., painter, was
born Sept. 18, 1824, in Auburn, N. Y. In
1850 he went to Europe and copied pic
tures in the principal galleries of the con
tinent, and after his return he generally
resided near New York, where he found a
ready sale for his paintings.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CLOUGH. JOHN E., missionary, was
born July 16, 1836, in Chautauqua coun
ty, N. Y. He was appointed by the
American Baptist Missionary union a
missionary to India in 1865.
CLOUGH, MILO M., educator, journal
ist, poet, was born July 13, 1862, in
Carlisle. Iowa. He received his educa
tion at the university of Des Moines; has
been principal, of various high schools,
and professor of English literature and
mathematics. He is the editor and pro
prietor of The Herald of Abercrombie,
N. D., and the author of a number of
meritorious poems.
CLOUGH, MOSES T., lawyer, was boru
Nov. 22, 1814, in Hopkinton, N. H. He is
a successful lawyer of Troy, N. Y. He was
the postmaster at Ticonderoga under the
administration of Gen. Polk, and mas
ter in chancery and supreme court com
missioner of the state of New York.
CLOVER, B. H., farmer, congressman,
was born Dec. 22, 1837, in Franklin
county, Ohio. He has twice been chosen
president of the Kansas State Farmers'
Alliance and Industrial union, and twice
vice-president of the national organiza
tion of that order. He was elected to the
fifty-second congress as a candidate of
the Farmers' Alliance.
CLOVER, LEWIS P., painter, was born
Feb. 20, 1819, in New York city. The
titles of some of his best known paint
ings are The Rejected Picture, The Idle
Man, Repose by Moonlight, and The
Phrenologist. These were all exhibited
in the National Academy of Design.
CLOWNEY, WILLIAM K., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in South Carolina. He
was commissioner in equity of South Car
olina; and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1833 to 1835,
and again from 1837 to 1839.
CLUBB, HENRY STEPHEN, journal
ist clergyman, was born June 21, 1827,
in Colchester, England. During 1862-66
he was assistant quartermaster, with rank
of captain, in the United States volun
teer service. In 1873-74 he was a state
senator in the Michigan legislature; and
the latter year was also secretary of the
constitutional convention of Michigan. He
then became editor and owner of the
Grand Haven Herald, which he founded in
1869. In 1876 he was called to the pas
torate of the Bible Christian church of
Philadelphia; became president of the
Vegetarian society of America in 1888;
and since 1889 has been editor of Food,
Home and Garden.
CLUFF, BENJAMIN, educator, college
president, was born Feb. 7, 1858, in Pro-
vo City, Utah. He attended the Brig-
ham Young academy, and the university
of Michigan; and has received the de
grees of B. S. and M. S. During 1873-82
he was a traveling missionary in the
Sandwich Islands; and in 1883-86 was
president of the Young Men's Mutual Im
provement association of Utah. He has
been an instructor and vice-president of
the Brigham Young academy; and since
1892 has been president of that institu
tion.
CLUNIE, THOMAS JEFFERSON, law
yer, congressman, was born March 25,
1852, in St. John's, Newfoundland. He
was elected to the legislature in 1875,
and was appointed brigadier-general of
the fourth brigade of the National guard
of California in 1876. He was a delegate
at large to the national democratic con
vention at Chicago in 1884, and repre
sented California democrats on the com
mittee on platform and resolutions. He
served one term in the state senate, and
was elected to the fifty-first congress as a
democrat.
CLUSERET, GUSTAVE PAUL, soldier,
author, was born June 13, 1823, in France.
He served in the civil war and was bre-
vetted brigadier-general in 1862. He is
the author of Mexico and the Solidarity
of Nations.
CLUTE, HENRY ALSON, farmer, mer
chant, soldier, state legislator, was born
March 24, 1840, in Wayne county, N. Y.
His ancestors settled on the Hudson
river soon after the settlement of New
York. His father was born in 1804 in
Johnstown. N. Y., where his grandfather
had settled before the revolutionary war.
He moved to Michigan with his parents
when four years of age; and during the
civil war served for three years in the
second Missouri cavalry or Merrill Horse.
He has filled numerous public offices of
trust in Calhoun county; and in 1897 was
elected a member of the Michigan state
legislature from Marshall.
CLYMER, ALBERT, farmer, poet, was
born Dec. 10, 1827, in Fairfield county,
Ohio. He was the author of a volume of
poems entitled Echoes of the Woods and
other works. He died in 1897.
CLYMER, MRS. ELLA MARIA DIETZ,
author, poet, was born in 1856 in New York
city. She is a New York writer, once an
actress, and for some time the president
of the Woman's club of New York, So-
rosis. She has written three volumes of
poems: The Triumph of Love; The Tri
umph of Time; and The Triumph of Life.
CLYMER, GEORGE, signer of the dec
laration of independence, was born in 1739
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was one of the
first continental treasurers; in 1776 was
a member of congress, and signed the dec
laration of independence. He was a mem
ber of the old congress in 1780,
and a representative, under the con
stitution from 1789 to 1791, from
Pennsylvania. He was also a mem
ber of the convention which formed the
federal constitution, and signed that in
strument. In 1791 he was placed at the
head of the excise department in Penn
sylvania; and in 1796 was sent to Georgia
to negotiate a treaty with the Creek and
Cherokee Indians. He was afterwards
president of the Philadelphia bank and
of the Academy of Fine Arts. He died
Jan. 23, 1813, in Morrisville, Pa.
CLYMER, H1ESTER, congressman,
was born Nov. 3, 1837, in Berks county,
Pa. He was a member of the state sen
ate of Pennsylvania in 1860-66 when he
was a candidate for governor of Pennsyl
vania. He was elected to the forty-third,
forty-fourth, and re-elected to the forty-
fifth and forty-sixth congresses. He died
June 12, 1884.
CLYMER, MEREDITH, physician, au
thor, was born in June, 1817, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a distinguished physi
cian and medical writer of New York city;
aud the author of Diseases of the Respira
tory Organs (with Williams) ; Pathology,
Diagnosis and Treatment of Fevers;
Physiology and Pathology of the Nervous
System; Palsies and Kindred Disorders;
Ecstasy and Other Dramatic Disorders
of the Nervous System; Hereditary Gen
ius; Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis; and Le
gitimate Influence of Epilepsy on Crim
inal Responsibility.
CLYMER. ROBERT S., lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 23, 1855, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He has filled numerous public of
fices of trust in New Jersey; is a promi
nent lawyer of Woodbury; and president
law judge of Gloucester county.
COAL, P. ABRAM, jonrnaligt, was
born Nov. 28, 1856, in Washington, Pa.
He is the editor and owner of The Daily
and Weekly Enterprise of Gibson City.
COALE, ROBERT DORSEY, chemist,
was born Sept. 13, 1857, in Baltimore, Md.
During 1883-84 he was lecturer on chem
istry, and in 1884 became professor of
chemistry and toxicology in the univer
sity of Maryland. 'His original scientific
researches were published in the Ameri
can Chemical Journal.
COAN, SHERWOOD, singer, was born
about 1830, in New Haven, Conn. He
sang with Clara Louise Kellogg, Parepa-
Rosa, Zelda Harrison, William Castle and
other well-known singers, and went with
the Rosas to England, where he attract
ed much attention. He died Nov. 25, 1874.
in Chicago, 111.
COAN, TITUS, missionary, author, was
born Feb. 1, 1801, in Killingsworth, Conn.
He is a missionary of note in the Sand
wich Islands, who wrote Life in Hawaii;
and Adventures in Patagonia. He died
Dec. 1, 1882, in Hawaii.
COAN, TITUS MUNSON, physician,
surgeon, author, was born Sept. 27, 1836.
in the Hawaiian Islands. He is an emi
nent physician of New York city; and for
many years was a distinguished surgeon
in the United States navy. He is a direc
tor of the New York bureau of revision,
and is the author of Ounces of Preven
tion; and Topics of the Times.
COANN, EZRA T., banker, was born
March 25, 1829, in Byron, N. Y. Dur
ing the war he was a military command
er under appointment of Gov. Morgan.
He was director and vice-president of the
Niagara Falls International Bridge com
pany; was a merchant during 1850-68; and
then traveled extensively in foreign coun
tries. In 1870 he established Coann's
bank of Albion, N. Y., which merged into
the Citizens' National bank in 1895, of
which he is president.
COATES, MRS. FLORENCE E., poet.
She has gained a national reputation as
a genuine poet, and as a musician she
possesses an insight and power of inter
pretation of the great masters. She is
the wife of Mr. E. H. Coates, president
of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine
Arts.
COATES. KERSEY, pioneer, was born
Sept. 15, 1823, in Salisbury, Pa. He lo
cated in Kansas City, and in 1857, when
the city began to show signs of business
life and activity, Col. Coates uniting his
efforts with those of other enterprising
citizens, newspapers were established,
railroads projected, favorable legislation
was secured, and important municipal im
provements were started, the result of
which was a stream of migration that
speedily filled up Kansas City. He died
April 24, 1887.
COATES, KINNEY, poet. He is the au
thor of a volume of poems entitled Ly
rics of the Ideal and the Real.
COBB, AMASA, soldier, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 27, 1823, in
Crawford county, 111. During the civil
war he was a colonel in the fifth regiment
Wisconsin volunteer infantry and became
brevet brigadier-general United States vol
unteers. He led the troops which turned
the enemy's left at Williamsburg, May 5,
1862; and commanded Hancock's brigade
at the Battle of Antietam. He was a rep
resentative in congress from the third dis
trict of Wisconsin for four terms — thirty-
eighth, thirty-ninth, fortieth and forty-
first congresses. He was judge of the
supreme court of Nebraska for fourteen
years, during 1878-92, four years of which
he was chief justice.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
229
COBB, CLINTON L., lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 25, 1842, in Eliza
beth City, N. C. He was elected to the
forty-first, forty-second, and forty-third
congresses, serving on the committees on
revolutionary pensions, war claims and
chairman of freedmen's affairs.
COBB, CYRUS, artist, author, poet, was
born Aug. 6, 1834, in Maiden, Mass. He is
an artist and sculptor of Boston who,
besides writing much occasional verse,
has published Veterans of the Grand
Army, a novel.
COBB, DARIUS, artist, was born Aug.
6, 1834, in Maiden, Mass. In 1879 he paint
ed Christ Before Pilate, and the reputa
tion gained by this painting was instan
taneous. Some of his other works are:
For Their Sakes; Death of Judas; and
King Lear.
COBB, DAVID, soldier, jurist, congress
man, was born Sept. 14, 1748, in Attle-
borough, Mass. He was judge of a county
court; was elected to the legislature; and
served as speaker from 1789 to 1793; and
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1793 to 1795. He was
president of the state senate from 1801 to
1805; and lieutenant-governor of the state
In 1809. He died April 17, 1839, in Taun-
ton, Mass.
COBB, EMORY, banker, was born Aug.
30, 1831, in Dryden, N. Y. He received
his education in the common schools of
his county, Burl's Select school, and at
the academy of Ithaca, N. Y. For many
years he was president of the First Na
tional bank of Kankakee, 111.; and has
filled many important public offices in his
city, county and state.
COBB, GEORGE POMROY, lawyer, leg
islator, was born April 13, 1841, in York,
N. Y. He graduated from the law de
partment of the university of Michigan,
and served as a soldier in the civil war.
In 1881-82 he served as a member of the
Michigan legislature from Bay county;
and for six years, from 1888, was circuit
judge of the eighteenth judicial circuit
court of Michigan.
COBB, GEORGE T., congressman, was
born in October, 1813, in Morristown, N.
J. He was elected a representative from
that state to the thirty-seventh congress.
He died Aug. 6, 1870.
COBB, HOWELL, farmer, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1770, in Granvillo.
N. C. He was a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1807 to 1812:
and during the last war with England
served with credit as a captain in the
army. He died about 1820 in Georgia.
COBB, HOWELL, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born in 1795 in Sa-
vannak, Ga. He was a Georgia lawyer; and
the author of Penal Code of Georgia; and
a state senator in 1830.
COBB, HOWELL, lawyer, soldier, con
gressman, governor, was born Sept. 7,
1815, in Cherry Hill, Ga. He was a presi
dential elector in 1836; and was elected
a representative in congress in 1842; re-
elected in 1844, 1846 and 1848, and dur
ing his latter term was elected speaker.
On his retirement from congress he was
chosen governor of Georgia. In 1855 he
was again elected to congress, and on the
accession of Mr. Buchanan to the presi
dency, went into his cabinet as secretary
of the treasury. He took a prominent
part in the rebellion of 1861, and was a
member of the so-called confederate con
gress, and a brlgadier-generaf. He died
Oct. 9, 1868, in New York city.
COBB, ISAAC, journalist, poet, was
born April 28, 1825, in Gorham, Maine.
Since 1865 he has been connected with
the Portland Transcript. He has contrib
uted to the leading magazines and news
papers of America, and is at present en
gaged in compiling a genealogy of the
Cobb family. He has attained a national
reputation in the world of literature.
COBB, JAMES E.. soldier, jurist, con
gressman, was born Oct. 5, 1835, in Thom-
aston, Ga. He was chosen one of the cir
cuit judges of the state; and was re-
elected in 1880 and again in 1886. He was
elected to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-
second, fifty-third and fifty-fourth con
gresses as a democrat.
COBB, JONATHAN HOLMES, manu
facturer, author, was- born July 8, 1799, in
Sharon. Mass. He was a manufacturer of
Dedlham. who founded the silk industry
in the United States, and whose Manual
of the Mulberry Tree and the Culture of
Silk was once well known. He died March
12, 1882, in Dedham, Mass.
COBB, JOSEPH BECKHAM, author,
was born April 11, 1819, in Oglethorpe
county, Ga. He was a southern author
whose writings include The Creole, or the
Siege of New Orleans, a novel; Mississippi
Scenes; and Leisure Labors. He died
Sept. 15, 1858, in Columbus, Ga.
COBB, LYMAN, educator, author, was
born in 1800, in Massachusetts. He was a
once prominent educator who, besides
many text-books on spelling and mathe
matics, published The Evil Tendency of
Corporal Punishment; and Just Standard
for Pronouncing the English Language.
He died Oct. 26, 1864, in Colesburg, Pa.
COBB, R. W., lawyer, state senator,
governor, was born Feb. 25, 1829, in Ash-
ville, Ala. He was elected state senator
in 1872; was a delegate to the state con
stitutional convention of 1875; was re-
elected state senator in 1876; and was
elected president of the senate. He was
elected governor of Alabama in 1878, and
re-elected in 1880, serving until 1882.
COBB, SETH WALLACE, soldier, mer
chant, congressman, was born Dec. 5,
1838, in Southampton county, Va. In 1861
he joined a volunteer
company from his
native county, and
served throughout
the war in the army
JUm of northern Virginia.
In 1867 he moved to
St. Louis, Mo., com
mencing as a clerk
in a grain commis
sion house; and sinfe
1870 .has continued
in that business on
his own account. He
is president of the Merchants' exchange
of St. Louis; and president of the Mer
chants' Bridge company. He has served
with distinction in the fifty-second, fifty-
third and fifty-fourth congresses as a
democrat.
COBB, SILAS B.. pioneer, merchant,
philanthropist, was born Jan. 23, 1812, in
Montpelier, Vt. For years he was the
controlling spirit in the Chicago and Ga
lena railroad, now the Chicago and North
Western, and in the Beloit and Madison
railroad. When the new university of
Chicago sought to secure $1,000,000 for its
buildings, Mr. Cobb came forward at the
critical moment and gave $150,000, which
assured the success of the undertaking.
The Cobb Lecture hall now stands on the
university campus, a monument to his lib
erality, and the university is pledged to
replace it. should it ever be destroyed.
COBB, STEPHEN ALONZO, soldier,
congressman, was born June 17, 1833, in
Madison, Maine. He served through the
war, rising to the rank of lieutenant-col
onel. He was mayor of Wyandotte in
1862 and 1868; a member of the state
senate in 1862, 1869, and 1870; and speaker
of the house in 1872. He was elected to
the forty-third congress. He died in Aug
ust, 1878.
COBB, SYLVANUS, clergyman, author,
was born in July, 1799, in Norway, Maine.
He was a universalist clergyman of Massa
chusetts; and editor for many years of
The Christian Freeman. He was the au
thor of The New Testament, with Explan
atory Notes; Compend of Divinity; and
Discussions. He died Oct. 31, 1866, in East
Boston, Maine.
COBB, SYLVANUS, author, was born in
1823, in Waterville, Maine. He was the
author of The King's Talisman; The Pa
triot Cruiser; Ben Hamed; and other
works. He died July 20, 1887, in Hyde
Park, Mass.
COBB, THOMAS R., lawyer, congress
man, was born July 2, 1828, in Lawrence
county, Ind. He was a state senator from
1858 to 1866; removed to Vincennes, Ind.,
in 1867; was president of the democratic
state convention in 1876, and a delegate
to the democratic national convention of
that year. He was elected a representa
tive from Indiana to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth, and
forty-ninth congresses as a democrat.
COBB, THOMAS READ ROOTES, sol
dier, lawyer, author, was born April 10,
1823, in Cherry Hill, Ga. He was a Georgia
lawyer who served as brigadier-general in
the confederate army during the civil war.
He was the author of Digest of the Laws
of Georgia; Historical Sketch of Slavery
from the Earliest Periods; and Inquiry
into the Law of Negro Slavery in the
United States. He was killed Dec. 13,
1862, in the battle of Fredericksburg, Va.
COBB, THOMAS W., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
in 1784, in Columbia county. Ga. He was
a representative in congress from Georgia
from 1817 to 1821, and again from 1823 to
1824. He was a senator in congress from
1824 to 1828; and was subsequently chosen
a judge of the superior court. He was the
author of many political essays. He died
Feb. 1, 1830, in Greensborough, Ga.
COBB, WILLARD ADAMS, journalist,
was born July 20, 1842, in Rome, N. Y. In
1864 he graduated from Hamilton college
of Clinton, N. Y.; was regent of the New
York state university in 1884; and in
1895 was appointed state civil service com
missioner, and is still a member and pres
ident of that body. He is the author of
The Daily Journal of Lockport, N. Y.
COBB, WILLIAMSON R. W., congress
man, was born in 1807, in Ray county,
Tenn. In 1845 he was elected to the state
legislature, where he remained two years.
In 1847 he was elected a representative in
congress from Alabama, in which capacity
he served his adopted state by successive
re-elections down to I860. He was killed
by the accidental discharge of a pistol in
November, 1864, in Alabama.
COBBETT, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1608, in England. He
was a nonconformist English clergyman
who came to America in 1637, and was
minister at Ipswich from 1656 till his
death. He was the author of Infant Bap
tism; Civil Magistrate's Power in Matters
of Religion; Practical Discourse of Pray
er; and The Honor Due from Children
to Their Parents. He died Nov. 5, 1685, in
Ipswich, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COBBS, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 5, 1826, in Raleigh. N. C. As
early as 1867 he was recognized as one
of the most distin
guished criminal
lawyers in the state
of Alabama. H e
practiced law in all
its branches until
1880, when he was
chosen one of the
chancellors of the
chancery court of
Alabama. He was
re-elected in 1886,
and again in 1892,
both times without
opposition. His division until 1895 com
prised sixteen counties. In the years he
has been upon the bench he has had to
decide almost every kind of question
known to equity jurisprudence. His writ
ten opinions are clear and logical; and his
style is terse and vigorous. His contribu
tions to law literature have been exten
sive, and are conceded to be valuable ac
quisitions to judicial literature.
COBERN, CAMDEN M.. clergyman,
theologian, arehfBo'ogist, author, was born
April 19, 1855, in Uniontown, Pa. He is a
distinguished clergyman, and is now the
popular pastor of the Trinity Metnodist
Episcopal church of Denver, ' Col. He is
the author of an extensive work on An
cient Egypt; a Commentary on Ezekiel
and Daniel; and is a constant contribu
tor to the archaeological and theological
reviews of America and Europe.
COBUN, MARSHAL W., soldier, farmer
legislator, was born March 1, 1838, in Vir
ginia. During the war he served in the
federal army; has served two terms in
the Kansas house of representatives, and
one term in the state senate. He is a suc
cessful farmer of Hoisington, Kan.; and
was president of the board of commis
sioners for Kansas at the World's Colum
bian exposition.
COBURN, ABNER, merchant, governor,
philanthropist, was born March 22, 1803,
in Skowhegan, Maine. In 1838 he was
elected as a whig to the Maine legisla
ture, and again in 1840. In 1860 he was
an elector on the Lincoln ticket and cho
sen governor of Maine in 1862. He died
June 4, 1885, in Skowhegan, Maine.
COBURN, FRANK POTTER, farmer,
congressman, was born Dec. 6, 1858, in
Hamilton, Wis. He was the democratic
candidate for congress in the seventh dis
trict in 1888, and was defeated; and was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
COBURN, GEORGE FRANCIS, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 29, 1841, in Brown
county, Ohio. He received his education
^^^^^^^^^^^ in the common
schools of his county
and commenced life
as a school teacher,
and taught with
great success for five
years. He then stud
ied law, and was ad
mitted to the bar In
1867, and has since
practiced his profes
sion in Danville, 111.
In 1889 he was elected
justice of the peace;
and has since disposed of six thousand
cases. He has always taken an interest
in the public affairs of his county and
state; and has filled many important
offices of honor and trust.
COBURN, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Philadelphia. He was appointed
judge of the territory of Orleans, and
held his courts in St. Louis. He died in
February, 1823.
COBURN, JOHN, lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born Oct. 27, 1825, in Indian
apolis, Ind. He served as a union soldier
during the civil war,
and was in command
of the thirty-third
regiment Indiana
volunteer infantry;
and served with dis
tinction. After the
war he was elected
circuit judge; and in
1866 was elected to
congress, and served
for four terms in
succession. He took
an active part in the
important debates of reconstruction, pub
lic debt, currency, military affairs, elec
tion laws and tariff. He was the author
of the measure for printing the rebellion
records, and carried through the house the
law for soldiers' headstones. He served
as one of the supreme judges of the ter
ritory of Montana; and has filled various
other public positions of honor.
COBURN, STEPHEN, congressman, was
born in Maine. He was elected a repre
sentative from that state to the thirty-
sixth congress to fill a vacancy.
COCHRAN, ALEXANDER G., lawyer,
congressman, was born March 20, 1845, in
Allegheny City, Pa. In 1874 he was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-fourth congress.
COCHRAN, CHARLES F., lawyer, jour
nalist, congressman, was born Sept. 27,
1848, in Kirksville, Mo. During 1860-85
he lived in Atchison, Kan., where he was
engaged as a practical printer, newspaper
man, and lawyer; and was four years
prosecuting attorney of his county. He
is now one of the foremost lawyers of his
state at St. Joseph; has been a member of
the Missouri senate for four years; and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
COCHRAN, DAVID HENRY, educator,
scientist, college president, was born July
5, 1828, in Springville, N. Y. He attended
the Springville academy, and in 1850 grad
uated from Hamilton college. He has
been professor of natural sciences in the
Clinton Liberal institute; principal of the
Fredonia academy; and professor of nat
ural science in the State Normal school
of Albany, N. Y., of which institution he
was also principal. In 1864 he accepted
the presidency of the Brooklyn Collegiate
and Polytechnic institute, which has
flourished under his able management. He
is a brilliant lecturer; and the author of
numerous educational and scientific re
ports.
COCHRAN, JAMES, soldier, congress
man. He was a major of militia and rep
resented the state of New York in con
gress from 1797 to 1799. He was at one
time postmaster of Oswego, N. Y. He
died Nov. 7, 1848, in Oswego, N. Y.
COCHRAN, JAMES, inventor, was born
in 1763, in Batavia, N. Y. He was a brass-
founder in Philadelphia, and Franklin fre
quently visited his shop. He imented the
art of making cut nails, and also claimed
to have made the first copper cents in this
country. He died Dec. 31, 1846.
COCHRAN, JEROME, physician, was
born Dec. 4, 1831, in Moscow, Tenn. From
1868-73 he was professor of chemistry in
the Medical College of Alabama; was a
noted physician of Mobile, Ala.; and has
written many articles on yellow fever.
COCHRAN, JOHN, surgeon, was born
Sept. 1, 1730, in Sudsbury, Pa. In 1781 he
became director-general of the hospitals
of the United States. He died April 6,
1807, in Palatine, N. Y.
COCHRAN, JOHN P., statesman. He
was governor of Delaware from 1875 to
1879.
COCHRAN, JOHN WEBSTER, inventor,
was born May 16, 1814, in Enfield, N. H.
In 1834 he invented a revolving, breech-
loading rifled cannon, in which the cylin
der was automatically rotated by the
cocking of the hammer— the same princi
ple that afterward secured the success of
the re\ olving pistol.
COCHRANE, AARON V. S., lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born March 14,
1858, in Coxsackie, N. Y. In 1887 and 1888
he was police justice of Hudson; and was
elected district attorney of Columbia
county in 1889, and served three years.
He was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
COCHRANE, ALEXANDER G., lawyer,
congressman, was born March 20, 1845,
in Allegheny City, Pa. He was elected to
the forty-fourth congress as a democrat.
COCHRANE, CLARK B., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 31, 1815, in New
Boston, N. H. He was a member of the
New York legislature in 1843 and 1844;
and was a representative in the thirty-
fifth congress from New York. He was
re-elected to the thirty-sixth congress;
and again elected to the assembly in 1865.
He died March 5, 1867, in Albany, N. Y.
COCHRANE, CLARK B., lawyer, poet,
was born Feb. 9, 1843, in New Boston, N.
H. In 1865 he was admitted to the bar,
and ten years later engaged in mercantile
pursuits. He is the author of a volume
entitled Minora and Other Poems.
COCHRANE, ELIZABETH, journalist,
was born in 1867, in Cochrane's Mills, Pa.
She has attained a national reputation as
a contributor of journalistic work.
COCHRANE, JOHN, soldier, surveyor,
lawyer, congressman, was born in Pala
tine, N. Y. He was surveyor of the port
of New York for four years; and was
elected to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth
congresses. He served as a general of
volunteers in the union army in 1861 and
1862; and was subsequently elected at
torney-general of the state of New York.
In 1864 he was nominated for the office
of vice-president of the United States on
the ticket with J. C. Fremont.
• COCHRANE, SAMUEL B., lawyer, leg
islator, was born Jan. 17, 1860, in Kittan-
ning, Pa. He has attained success in the
practice of law in his native city; and
since 1889 has been a member of the house
of representatives of the Pennsylvania
state legislature.
COCK, THOMAS, physician, was born
in 1782, in Glen Cove, L. I. He was vis
iting physician to the New York hospital
from 1819 till 1834, and consulting physi
cian after that year; became a fellow of
the College of Physicians and Surgeons in
1820; was its vice-president from 1827
until 1855; its president from 1855 till
1858; and president of the New York
academy of medicine in 1852. He was
also professor of anatomy and physiology
in Queen's (now Rutgers) college, N. J.,
from 1812 till 1826. He died June 14, 1869,
in New York city.
COCKE, JAMES RICHARD, physician,
author, was born in 1863. He is a physi
cian of Boston; and the author of Hyp
notism; and Blind Leaders of the Blind,
a novel.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHT.
231
COCKE, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born in 1772, in Brunswick, Va. He
became a member of the first legislature
of the state in 1796; was speaker of the
house for many years; and was also a
member of the senate. From 1819 to 1827
he was a representative in congress from
his adopted state. He died Feb. 16, 1854,
in Rutledge, Tenn.
COCKE, PHILIP ST. G., soldier, was
born in 1809, in Virginia. He was made
brigadier-general in the confederate army
in 1861, and commanded the fifth brigade
at the first battle of Bull Run. He died
Dec. 26, 1861.
COCKE, WILLIAM, soldier, state legis
lator, jurist, was born in 1740, in Virginia.
He became a general of militia; served
In the state legislature in 1813; and be
came one of the judges of the circuit
court. He was again a senator fi-om 1799
to 1805; and in 1814 was appointed Indian
agent for the Chickasaw nation.
COCKE, WILLIAM M., congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was a repre-
sentatn e in congress from that state from
1845 to 1849.
COCKE, ZITELLA, poet, was born in
1836, in Alabama. She is a poet whose
•contributions to periodicals have been
collected in a volume of verse entitled
A Doric Reed.
COCKER, WILLIAM JOHNSON, edu
cator, author, was born in 1846, in Eng
land. He is an educator of Michigan;
and the author of Handbook of Punctua
tion; and The Government of the United
States.
COCKERILL, JOHN A., journalist, was
born Dec. 5, 1845, in Adams county, Ohio.
In 1865 he became owner and editor of
the True Telegraph of Hamilton, Ohio;
and in 1891 established the Commercial
Advertiser of New York city.
COCKERILL, JOSEPH R., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was elected a
representative to the thirty-fifth congress
from Ohio. He died Oct. 23, 1875, in West
Union, Ohio.
COCKRAN, JAMES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1809 to 1813.
COCKRAN, WILLIAM BOURKE, edu
cator, lawyer, congressman, was born Feb.
28, ]854, in Ireland. He was principal of
a public school in Westchester county, N.
Y. He was a member of the fiftieth con
gress; and was elected to the fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
COCKRELL, FRANCIS MARION, law
yer, United States senator, was born Oct.
1, 1834, in Warrensburg, Mo. He was
elected a senator in congress from Mis
souri in 1875, and was re-elected three
times. His term expires in 1899.
COCKRELL, JEREMIAH VARDAMAN,
lawyer, congressman, was born May 7,
1832, in Johnson county, Mo. He was
appointed district judge by Governor Ire
land, to which position he was elected in
1886, and re-elected in 1890. He was
elected to the fifty-third and re-elected to
the fifty-fourth congress as a democrat.
COCKRILL, STERLING ROBERTSON,
soldier, lawyer, jurist, was born Sept. 25,
1847, in Nash\ille, Tenn. At the age of
sixteen he was sergeant of light artillery
in the army of the Tennessee, confederate
service. At the age of thirty-seven he
became chief justice of the supreme court
of Arkansas; received the re-election,
but resigned to give his attention solely
to the practice of his profession at Little
Rock, Ark.
CODDING, JAMES H., merchant, law
yer, congressman, was born July 8, 1849,
in Bradford county, Pa. Since 1854 he has
been a resident of
Towanda, and was
educated at the Sus-
quehanna Collegiate
institute. For ten
years he was en
gaged in the hard
ware business; and
since 1878 has been
engaged in the prac
tice of law. He has
taken an active part
in public affairs:
and was elected to
the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses
as a republican. He is also one of the
foremost lawyers of Pennsylvania at To
wanda.
CODDINGTON, WILLIAM, governor,
author, was born in 1601, in Lincolnshire,
England. He was the first governor of
Rhode Island; and the author of Demon
strations of True Love unto the Rulers
of Massachusetts. He died Nov. 1, 1678.
CODINGTON, WILLIAM R., lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born Feb. 24,
1853, in Somerset county, N. J. He was
city judge of Plainfield for three years.
CODMAN, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 3, 1782, in Easton, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Dorchester; and the author of Sermons;
and Visit to England. He died Dec. 23,
1847, in Dorchester, Mass.
CODMAN, JOHN, sailor, author, was
born Aug. 16, 1814, in Dorchester, Mass.
He is a noted captain in the merchant
marine; and the author of Sailors' Life
and Sailors' Yarns; Ten Months in Bra
zil; The Mormon Country; The Round
Trip by Way of Panama; A Solution of
the Mormon Problem; and Winter
Sketches from the Saddle.
CODY, CLAUDE C., educator, author,
was born Nov. 5, 1854, in Covington, Ga.
He is professor of mathematics in the
Southwestern university of Georgetown,
Tex.; and is the author of a work en
titled The Life of Dr. Wood.
CODY, WILLIAM FREDERICK, scout,
was born Feb. 26, 1845, in Iowa. He was
employed as an Indian scout, and served
till the close of the war with the seventh
Kansas cavalry. After the Indian war he
proceeded to collect Indians, cow-boys,
scouts, trappers, and buffaloes, and pro
duced the Wild West show for the first
time in Omaha in 1883. Since then he
has exhibited in all the principal cities
in the world with overwhelming success.
He is known as Buffalo Bill.
COE, GEORGE SIMMONS, banker, was
born March 27, 1817, in Newport, R. I.
In 1860 'he became president of the Ameri
can Exchange bank, which office he held
until 1894. It was Mr. Coe who conceived
the idea of combining the local banks in
the clearing house, and of making use of
clearing house certificates. Clearing house
certificates have since been resorted to in
the years 1873, 1884, 1890 and 1893, on
each occasion with good results.
COFFEE, JOHN, congressman, was
born June 2, 1772, in Prince Edward
county, Va. He was a member of congress
from Georgia from 1833 to 1837. He did
good service in the war of 1812 as a gen
eral, and in the subsequent campaigns
among the Indians. He died Sept. 25,
1836, in Telfair county, Ga.
COFFEE, WILLIAM BRYAN, lawyer,
jurist, was born April 27, 1863, in Law-
renceville, Va. He received his education
in Loganville, and
at the university of
Nashville. He is a
prominent lawyer of
El Dorado, Ark.; and
special judge of the
circuit court. He has
attained a wide rep
utation as one of the
rising and foremost
lawyers of the west
at El Dorado, Ark.
He has contributed
valuable articles to
current and judicial literature.
COFFEEN, HENRY A., educator, labor
advocate, congressman, was born in 1841,
in Gallia county, Ohio. In 1889 he was a
member of the constitutional convention
that framed the present constitution of
the new state of Wyoming; and in 1885
he organized at Big Horn and presided
over the first agricultural fair e\er held
in the state. He was elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat.
COFFIN, ABRAHAM BURBANK, law
yer, legislator, was born March 31, 1831,
in Gilead, Maine. He attended Andover
and Phillips acad
emy; and in 1856
graduated from
Dartmouth college.
In 1858 he was ad
mitted to the bar;
and has a law office
in Boston, Mass. He
has held various
public offices in Win
chester, Mass.; in
1875 was a member
of the Massachusetts
house of representa
tives; and in 1877-78 was a member of
the state senate. In 1886-87 he was a
member of the governor's council; and
for four years was chairman of the Mass
achusetts state board of gas, fuel, electric
commissioners.
COFFIN, CHARLES CARLETON, jour
nalist, author, was born July 26, 1823, in
Boscawen, N. H. He was a Boston jour
nalist who became famous as the war
correspondent of the Boston Journal dur
ing the civil war, over the signature Car-
leton. His writings, mainly though not
exclusively for young people, include My
Days and Nights on the Battlefield, a nar
rative of personal experience; Following
the Flag; Winning his Way; Building
the Nation; Old Times in the Colonies;
The Boys of '76; The Story of Liberty;
The Drumbeat of the Nation; Marching
to Victory; Redeeming the Republic;
Our New Way Round the World; and
Daughters of the Revolution. He died
March 2, 1896, in Brookline, Mass.
COFFIN, CHARLES E., manufacturer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
July 18, 1841, in Boston, Mass. He pur
chased a tract of
land in Muirkirk,
Md., on which he
found iron ore. In
1864 he took charge
of the iron works,
which were built by
the Ellicotts in 1847.
In 1884 he was
elected to the house
of delegates of Mary
land; and in 1890
was elected a mem
ber of the Maryland
state senate, serving four years. He was
elected to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses as a republican.
232
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COFFIN, CHARLES G., lawyer, con
gressman. He was a representative In
congress from Ohio from 1838 to 1839.
COFFIN, ISAAC FOSTER, educator,
author, was born in 1787, in Maine. He
was an educator of Roxbury, Mass.; and
the author of Journal of a Residence in
Chili during the revolutionary scenes of
1817-19. He died in 1861.
COFFIN, JAMES HENRY, astronomer,
author, was born Sept. 6, 1806, in Wil-
liamsburg, Mass. He was a meteorologist
who was professor of astronomy at Lafay
ette college. He was the author of Solar
and Lunar Eclipses Illustrated and Ex
plained; Winds of the Northern Hemis
phere; Psychometrical Table; Orbit and
Phenomena of a Meteoric Fire Ball; Ele
ments of Conic Sections and Analytical
Geometry; and Winds of the Globe. He
died Feb. 6, 1873, in Easton, Pa.
COFFIN, JOHN HUNTINGTON
CRANE, mathematician, author, was born
Sept. 14, 1815, in Wiscasset, Maine. He
was a mathematician of distinction; and
the author of Observations with the Mu
ral Circle at the United States Naval Ob-
sen atory; The Compass; and Naviga
tion and Nautical Astronomy. He died
in 1890.
COFFIN, JOSHUA, antiquarian, author,
was born Oct. 12, 1792, in Newbury, Mass.
He was a Massachusetts antiquary promi
nent among the abolitionists, and one of
the poet Whittier's early instructors. He
published a History of Ancient Newbury;
and The Toppans of Toppan's Lane', a
genealogy. He died July 24, 1864, in New
bury, Mass.
COFFIN, LEVI, philanthropist, was born
Oct. 28, 1798, in New Garden, N. C. He
was active in the underground railroad,
a secret organization, whose purpose was
the transportation of slaves from member
to member until a place was reached
where the negro was free. In 1863 he was
associated in the establishment of the
freedmen's bureau, and during the fol
lowing year was sent to Europe as agent
for the Western Freedmen's Aid commis
sion. He died Sept. 16, 1877, in Avondale
Ohio.
COFFIN, PELEG, state senator, con
gressman, was born in September, 1756.
He was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1793 to 1795; served
a number of years in the state senate; and
was state treasurer from 1797 to 1802.
He died March 6, 1805.
COFFIN, ROBERT ALLEN, educator,
author, was born Aug. 23, 1801, in Wil-
liamsburg, Mass. He was an instructor
in western Massachusetts; and the author
of Compendium of Natural Philosophy;
Town Organization; and History of Con-
way, Massachusetts. He died Sept 4
1878, in Conway, Mass.
COFFIN, ROBERT BARRY, journalist,
author, was born July 21, 1826, in Hud
son, N. Y. He was a New York journal
ist whose books were popular at one time
but are now nearly forgotten. Their
humor is somewhat forced, and the style
has no very marked merits. He is the
author of Matrimonial Infelicities; Who
Is the Heir? Out of Town, a Rural Epi
sode; Cakes and Ale at Woodbine; Cas
tles in the Air; Left in the Lurch; and
The Home of Cooper. He died June 10
1886, in Fordham, N. Y.
COFFIN, ROBERT STEVENSON, au
thor, was born July 14, 1797, in Bruns
wick, Maine. He was a poet of Boston
who published The Oriental Harp; and
Poems of the Boston Bard. He died May
7, 1827, In Rowley. Mass.
COFFIN, ROLAND FOLGER, journal
ist, author, was born March 8, 1826, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. He was a marine re
porter in New York city; and the author
of An Old Sailor's Yarns; The America's
Cup; and History of American Yacht
ing. He died July 17, 1888, on Shelter
Island, N. Y.
COFFIN, SELDEN JENNINGS, educa
tor, author, was born Aug. 3, 1838, in Og-
densburg, N. Y. He succeeded his father
as professor of astronomy at Lafayette
college in 1873, and completed the latter's
Winds of the Globe. He has also pub
lished Record of the Men at Lafayette.
COFFIN, TIMOTHY GARDNER, law
yer, jurist, was born Nov. 1, 1788, in Nan-
tucket, Mass. He was graduated at Brown
in 1813; was admitted to the Bristol bar
in 1816, and obtained the foremost rank
in the profession. He was judge advo
cate of Massachusetts militia under Gen.
Lincoln. He died Sept. 19, 1854, in New
Bedford, Mass.
COFFIN, TRISTRAM, colonist, was
born in 1605, in England. He was the
founder and the first chief magistrate of
Nantucket colony. He died in 1681, in
Nantucket, Mass.
COFFIN, WILLIAM ANDERSON,
painter, was born Jan. 31, 1855, in Alle
gheny City, Pa. In 1886 he was awarded
the Hallgarten prize of $200 for his pic
ture in the National academy. His most
notable works are The Close of Day;
Portrait of a Gentleman; Reflections;
Five O'clock in the Morning; Moonlight
in Harvest; and 'The Hayfleld.
COFFINSBERRY, JAMES M., jurist,
was born May 16, 1818, in Mansfield, Ohio.
He was prosecuting attorney of Lucas
county for several years, but later re
moved to Cleveland; and in 1861 he was
elected judge of the court of common
pleas. He was principal secretary of the
great union convention of Ohio, and was
for several years the standing candidate
of his party for representative in con
gress. He died Nov. 29, 1891, in Cleve
land, Ohio.
COFFROTH, ALEXANDER H., lawyer,
legislator, was born May 18, 1828, in Som
erset, Pa. He attended the public and the
old Somerset acad
emy; then engaged
in teaching; and in
1851 was admitted to
the bar. In 1862 he
was elected to con
gress and was the
youngest member in
the house. He re
ceived the re-election
and declined a third
nomination. How
ever, in 1878 he was
again sent to con
gress; and since 1881 has devoted his
entire attention to his profession of law
in Somerset, Pa. During his career in
congress he was known as a true friend
for the soldier. He was the warm per
sonal friend of Stanton and Lincoln, and
was one of the pallbearers of the mur
dered president. During the past ten
years he has been chairman of the Bar
association of Somerset county, Pa.; and
as 'a lawyer Mr. Coffroth is acknowledged
one of the strongest men In southern
Pennsylvania.
COFFROTH, JOHN R., lawyer, was
born Aug. 11, 1828, in Greencastle, Pa.
He has been several times a member of
the Indiana legislature; and in 1866 he
was a candidate for the office of attorney-
general. In 1878 he was the unanimous
choice of his party for congress, but de
clined on account of his private business.
COGGESHALL, GEORGE, author, poet,
was born in 1784. in Connecticut. He was
a sea captain, of some prominence as a
writer; and the author of Voyages to
Various Parts of the World; History of
American Prnateers and Letters of
Marque During Our War with England,
1812-14; Historical Sketch of Commerce
and Navigation from the Christian Era
to 1860; and Religious and Miscellaneous
Poetry. He died about 1850.
COGGESHALL, HENRY J., lawyer,
state senator, was born April 28, 1845, in
Waterville, N. Y. He was admitted to the
bar in 1866; in 1872 was elected state
legislator; and in 1883 state senator.
COGGESHALL, WILLIAM TURNER,
journalist, author, was born in 1824, in
Pennsylvania. He was a journalist of
Cincinnati, whose principal writings in-
clude Signs of the Times, a work on spirit
rappings; Home Hits and Hints; and
Stories of Frontier Adventure. He died
Aug. 2, 1867, in Ecuador, where he was
serving as United States minister.
COGHLAN, JOHN M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 8, 1835, in Louis
ville, Ky. He was a member of the Cali
fornia legislature in 1865; and was
elected to the forty-second congress as a
representative of his adopted state, serv
ing on the committees on private land
claims and naval affairs.
COGSWELL, CHARLES NORTHEND.
lawyer, congressman, was born in 1797,
in South Berwick, Maine. In 1814 he
graduated from Bow-
doin college; and
subsequently opened
a law office in his
native city. He be-
came one of the fore
most lawyers of New
England; and was an
acknowledged leader
in the democratic
party. During the
latter part of his life
he served two terms
in the Maine state
senate, and one term in congress. In
these bodies he had the weight which al
ways belongs to a man of solid learning
and judgment and of useful business hab
its. His name was brought forward for
governor at the time of his death, which
occurred Oct. 11, 1843.
COGSWELL, FREDERICK HILL, law
yer, author, was born March 11, 1859, in
New Preston, Conn. He attended the
Connecticut Literary institution of Suf-
field; took a special course of studies in
the Yale university; and graduated from
the university of Michigan. Since 1884
he has been official reporter of the supe
rior court at New Haven, Conn. He has
written numerous short stories for lead
ing magazines. In 1884 he published Cogs
well's Compendium of Phonography; and
Is the author of The Regicides, an histori
cal novel; and a second novel entitled
Newgate. He has also lectured extensively
on historical and literary subjects.
COGSWELL, JONATHAN, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 3, 1782, in Rowley,
Mass. He was a noted congregational
clergyman of New England and New Jer
sey; and the author of The Necessity of
Capital Punishment; Discourses; He
brew Theocracy; Calvary and Sinai;
Godliness a Great Mystery; and The Ap
propriate Work of the Holy Spirit. He
died Aug. 1, 1864, in New Brunswick,
N. J.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
233
COGSWELL, JOSEPH GREEN, bibli
ographer, author, was born Sept. 27, 1786,
in Ipswich, Mass. He, with the historian
Bancroft, founded the celebrated Round
Hill school at Northampton, Mass. He
died Nov. 26, 1871, in Cambridge, Mass.
COGSWELL, MASON PITCH, physician,
was born Sept. 28, 1761, in Canterbury^
Conn. He was chiefly instrumental in
founding the asylum for the deaf and
dumb, and was a friend and supporter of
the Retreat for the Insane at Hartford,
and was ten years president of the State
Medical society. He died Dec. 10, 1830, at
Hartford, Conn.
COGSWELL, MASON FITCH, physi
cian, was born Nov. 10, 1807, in Hartford,
Conn. He served as assistant surgeon
and surgeon in the volunteer army of the
United States during the civil war. He
died Jan. 21, 1865, in Albany, N. Y.
COGSWELL, MILTON, soldier, was
born Dec. 4, 1825, in Noblesville, Ind.
After his retirement with the rank of
brevet colonel in the regular army for
gallant services, he was deputy governor
of the Soldiers' home in Washington. He
died Nov. 20, 1882, in Washington, D. C.
COGSWELL, NATHANIEL, soldier,
was born Jan. 19, 1773, in Haverhill, Mass.
He had a strong desire for military life,
offered his services to the patriot army in
Mexico, and died holding a general's com
mission. He died near the Red river,
Louisiana.
COGSWELL, THOMAS, soldier, jurist,
was born Aug. 4, 1746, in Haverhill, Mass.
He was captain of a company in Col. Ger-
rish's regiment at Bunker Hill; became
major of Vose's regiment, and lieutenant-
colonel of the fifteenth Massachusetts
regiment. After national independence
was secured, he settled on a farm near
Gilmanton, N. H., and became a promi
nent citizen of the community, serving
as a judge in the court of common pleas
from 1784 till 1810. He died Sept. 3,
1810, in Gilmanton, N. H.
COGSWELL, WILLIAM, surgeon, was
born July 11, 1760, in Haverhill, Mass. He
was one of the founders of the New
Hampshire Medical society and of Atkin
son academy, giving the land on which
the academy was built. He died Jan. 1,
1831, in Atkinson, N. H.
COGSWELL, WILLIAM, clergyman,
author, was born June 5, 1787, in Atkin
son, N. H. He was a congregational
clergyman of New Hampshire, among
whose works are Manual of Theology
and Devotion; Assistant to Family Re
ligion; Christian Philanthropist; Theo
logical Class Book; Harbinger of the Mil
lennium; and Letters to Young Men Pre
paring for the Ministry. He died April 18,
1850, in Gilmanton, N. H.
COGSWELL, WILLIAM, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Aug. 23, 1838,
in Bradford, Mass. He was mayor of the
city of Salem, Mass., in 1867, '68, '69, '73,
and '74; was a member of the Massa
chusetts house of representatives in 1870-
71, 1881-83, and a member of the state
senate in 1885-86. He served in the union
army from 1861 till 1865; and held com
missions as captain, lieutenant-colonel,
and colonel in the second Massachusetts
infantry, and brigadier-general by brevet,
and assigned by special order of the war
department to the command of the third
brigade, third division, twentieth army
corps. He was elected to the fiftieth, fifty-
first, fifty-second, and fifty-third congress
es as a republican.
COHEN, JACOB DA SILVA SOLIS, phy
sician, lecturer, author, was born in 1838,
in New York. He is a Philadelphia phy
sician and medical lecturer of promi
nence; and the author of Treatise on In
halations; Diseases of the Throat; Croup
in Its Relations to Tracheotomy; and The
Throat and the Voice.
COHEN, LOUIS, railroad president,
was born Jan. 7, 1849, in Germany. Since
1894 he has been president of the San-
dersville railroad at Sandersville, Ga.
COIT, ELIZABETH GREER, lecturer,
was born Jan. 10, 1820, in Worthington,
Ohio. She received her education in the
\Vnrt iiinntcm Female
seminary; and for
many years was en
gaged in educational
work in that institu
tion. She has be
come prominent as a
lecturer and writer
on topics relating to
the human welfare.
She was the presi
dent of the first W.
R. A. in Columbus;
and treasurer of the
0. W. T. A. ever since its reorganization.
She was also president of the First church
of spiritualists in Columbus, Ohio.
COIT, HENRY AUGUSTUS, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Jan. 20, 1831.
He entered the ministry of the protestant
episcopal church, and on the foundation
of St. Paul's school in Concord, N. H., by
Dr. George Shattuck, was chosen its first
rector. He has published numerous ser
mons and addresses, and has contributed
to periodical literature.
COIT, JAMES MILNOR, educator, au
thor, was born Jan. 31, 1845, in Harris-
burg, Pa. He was an instructor in chem
istry at St. Paul's school, Concord; and
the author of Elements of Chemical Arith
metic; and Short Manual of Qualitative
Analysis.
COIT, JOSEPH ROWLAND, educator,
author. He was professor of mathematics
and natural science in St. James' college,
Md., until the closing of that institution
in 1865, when he became associated with
his brother in St. Paul's school, Concord,
of which he is now vice-principal. He has
edited a Life of Bishop Kerfoot.
COIT, JOSHUA, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born Oct. 7, 1758, in
New London, Conn. He was a represen
tative in congress from Connecticut from
1793 to 1798; and served a number of
years in the legislature of Connecticut.
He died Sept. 5, 1798, in New London,
Conn.
COIT, ROBERT, railroad president,
was born April 26, 1830, in New London,
Conn. Since 1881 he has been president
of the New London and Northern rail
road.
COIT, THOMAS WINTHROP, clergy
man, author, was born June 28, 1803, in
New London, Conn. He was an episcopal
clergyman, and professor in Berkeley Di
vinity school at Middletown from 1872 to
1885. He was the author of Necessity of
Preaching Doctrine; Theological Com
monplace Book; Puritanism in New Eng
land and the Episcopal Church; and
Lectures on the Early History of Christi
anity in England. He died June 21, 1885,
in Middletown, Conn.
COKE, RICHARD, lawyer, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Virginia from 1829 to 1833, and
for many years a prominent member of
the bar. He died March 30, 1851, in Abing-
don, Va.
COKE, RICHARD, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, United States senator, was born
March 13, 1829, in Williamsburg, Va. He
served in the confederate army as a com
missioned officer. He was appointed dis
trict judge in 1865 and in 1866 was elected
a judge of the state supreme court. In
1873 he was elected governor of Texas,
and was re-elected In 1876. He resigned
in 1877, having been elected a United
States senator from Texas for the term of
six years from March 4, 1877; was re-
elected in 1883 and 1889, serving till 1895.
COLAW, JOHN MARVIN, educator,
journalist, lawyer, was born March 16,
1860, in Crabbottom, Va. He received
his education at the Roanoke college,
Va. ; the Dickinson college, Pa.; and the
university of Virginia. For many years
he was engaged in educational work; was
associate editor of the American Mathe
matical Monthly; and has served as com
monwealth's attorney of Highland coun
ty, Va. He is well versed in all parts of
the science of mathematics, and a promi
nent member of the American Mathemati
cal society. He is a noted lawyer of
Monterey, Va., and a forcible speaker.
COLBORN, A. R., lumberman, was
born Dec. 9, 1847, in Canada. In 1863
he enlisted as a volunteer in the thirtieth
Michigan infantry at.
Detroit; a few weeks
after he was detailed
headquarters' clerk,
at Fort Gratiot, Port
Huron; and shortly
after he was made
commissary of the
regiment, holding
that position until
they were mustered
out. He carries a
stock of from five
to ten million feet of
lumber, and is to-day the largest lumber
dealer in Michigan City. His sale ot
shingles alone — one of his specialties — •
amounts to fifty millions a year.
COLBURN, JEREMIAH, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1815 in Boston, Mass.
In 1857 he contributed articles to the
Historical Magazine on American coins
and coinage, which were followed for
several years by short articles on these
subjects in Notes and Queries. He is one
of the founders of the Boston numismatic
society, has been president, and since 1871
has been one of the editors of the Ameri
can Journal of Numismatics.
COLBURN, MARTHA K., artist, poet,
was born Oct. 4, 1846, in Garrettsville,
Ohio. She received her education at the
Waterford academy, and has attained
prominence as an artist and poet. She
has contributed both prose and verse to
the periodical press, and many of her po
ems have been given a place in standard
publications.
COLBURN, WARREN, mathematician,
author, was born March 1, 1793, in Ded-
ham, Mass. He was a noted mathema
tician of Massachusetts, whose First Les
sons in Intellectual Arithmetic was trans
lated into many languages. He died Sept.
13, 1833, in Lowell, Mass.
COLBURN, ZERAH, engineer, author,
was born Sept. 1, 1804, in Cabot, Vt. He
was a well known mechanical engineer
who published The Locomotive Engine;
Steam Boiler Explosions; Nature of Heat
and Its Mode of Action in the Phenomena
of Combustion, etc.; and Treatise on the
Principles of the Locomotive Engine. He
died May 4, 1870, in Massachusetts.
234
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COLBY, ANTHONY, state legislator,
governor, was born in 1793 in New Lon
don, N. H. In 1828 he was elected to the
state legislature, and served through
twelve terms. In 1846 he became govern
or of New Hampshire; in 1861 was made
adjutant-general of the state; and was
subsequently a provost-marshal. He was
a trustee of Dartmouth college; founded
an academy at New London; and also
endowed a baptist literary and theologi
cal institution in that town. He died
July 13, 1873, in New London, N. H.
COLBY, CHARLES LEWIS, capitalist,
was born May 22, 1839, in Roxbury, now
part of Boston. In 1858 he graduated from
the Brown univer
sity. Until 1870 he
was engaged in the
shipping and ware
house business in
New York city;
after that was inter
ested in railroad
construction and
mining. In 1876 he
served with distinc
tion as a member of
the Wisconsin state
legislature. He has
been president of the following institu
tions: Wisconsin Central railroad; Min
nesota, St. Croix and Wisconsin railroad;
Milwaukee and Lake Winnebago railroad;
Chicago, Wisconsin and Minnesota rail
road; Chicago and Great Western rail
road; Chippewa Falls and Western rail
road; and various other business corpora
tions. He resides in New York city, and
is one of its most influential citizens.
COLBY, FREDERICK MYRON, jour
nalist, author, was born Dec. 9, 1848, in
Warner, N. H. He is a journalist of
New Hampshire; and the author of The
Daughter of Pharaoh, a Tale of the Ex
odus; and Brave Lads and Bonnie Lassies,
a juvenile.
COLBY, GARDNER, philanthropist,
was born Sept. 2, 1810, in Bowdoinham.
Maine. During the civil war he was a
large contractor for the supply of cloth
ing to the national army, and in 1870 be
came president of the Wisconsin Central
railroad. A gift from him of $50,000 to
Waterville college, Maine, caused the
name of that institution to be changed to
Colby university. He died April 2, 1879,
in Newton Centre, Mass.
COLBY, HENRY FRANCIS, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 25, 1842, in Boston,
Mass. He has been pastor of the First
Baptist church in Dayton, Ohio, since his
ordination in 1868. and in 1883 was presi
dent of the Ohio baptist convention. He
has published a class poem and sketches
of Gardner Colby, Caleb Parker, and
Ebenezer Thresh.
COLBY, LEONARD W., soldier, lawyer,
was born in Cherry Valley, Ohjo. He
graduated in the regular, classical and
law courses of the
university of Wis
consin. He has
served two terms in
the state senate of
the Nebraska legis
lature; has been as
sistant attorney (if
the United States;
and is acknowledged
to be one of the ab
lest lawyers in the
western states. HP
served in the war of
the rebellion, had command of a company
in the Sioux and Cheyenne Indian war
in 1863, commanded a battalion in the In
dian campaign of 1876-78; was colonel in
command of the regular and state troops
during the strike in Omaha in 1882, and
was brigadier-general in command of the
Nebraska military forces in the Sioux In
dian war in the winter of 1890-91. He
has served in the infantry, cavalry and
artillery, and in every military capacity
from private to brigadier-general. He has
been three years captain, six years colo
nel, and nine years brigadier-general.
COLBY, STODDARD B., United States
treasurer, was born in 1816 in Vermont.
In 1864 he was appointed register of the
United States treasury at Washington.
He died Sept. 21, 1867, in Haverhill, N. H.
COLCLEUGH, EMMA S., lecturer, poet,
was born Sept. 3, 1846, in Thompson,
Conn. She has traveled extensively, and
her lectures on Alaska, Hawaii, and
From Ocean to Ocean have won her na
tional fame. Her poems occasionally ap
pear in the periodical press.
COLCOCK, WILLIAM F., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1823
in South Carolina. He was a member of
the state legislature and speaker of the
house; and was a representative in con
gress from South Carolina from 1849 to
1853.
COLCORD, EDWARD JOHN, educator,
poet, was born July 28, 1849, in Parsons-
field, Maine. In 1883 he became a teacher
of ancient languages and general history
in the Vermont academy; and since 1889
has been professor in a college at Colum
bia, S. C. His poems have appeared quite
extensively in the periodical press, and
his name appears in Poets of Maine.
COLCORD, ROSWELL K., governor,
was born April 25, 1839, in Searsport,
Maine. He has been engaged in mining
and milling in Nevada; and in 1890 was
elected governor of Nevada.
COLDEN, CADWALLADER, physician,
governor, author, was born Feb. 17, 1688,
in Scotland. He was a colonial physician,
lieutenant-governor of the province of
New York, 1761-76, and a prominent loy
alist of his day. The History of the Five
Indian Nations is his chief work. Among
his many lesser writings is Principles of
Actions on Matter. He died Sept. 28, 1776,
in Long Island, N. Y.
COLDEN, CADWALLADER D., lawyer,
state legislator, author, was born April
4, 1769, in Springfield, N. Y. He served
in the legislature of that state; held the
post of district attorney of the United
States for many years; and was at one
time mayor of New York. He was a mem
ber of congress from 1821 to 1823; and
was an early and intimate friend of Rob
ert Fulton, and wrote his biography. He
published Life of Robert Fulton; and Vin
dication of the Steamboat Right Granted
by the State of New York. He died Feb.
7, 1834, in Jersey City, N. J.
COLE, CHESTER C., lawyer, jurist,
was born June 4, 1824, in Oxford, N. Y.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the public schools, and pursued
his studies in the Oxford academy. In
1849 he was admitted to the bar, after
completing a thorough course in the Har
vard law school. In 1857 he moved to Des
Moines, Iowa, where he soon won a repu
tation as an astute lawyer by his logical
and forcible arguments. In 1864 he was
appointed judge of the supreme court of
Iowa, and was twice elected to that high
office. He resigned his position as chief
justice to devote his entire time to the
practice of law. In 1892 he was made
dean of the Iowa College of Law, a de
partment of the Drake university.
COLE, CORDELIA THROOP, prohibi
tionist, was born Nov. 17, 1833, in Ham
ilton, N. Y. She attended the Hamilton
academy, now known
as the Colgate semi
nary. For five years
she was engaged in
educational work in
the Collegiate insti
tute of Keokuk,
Iowa; and the North
Illinois institute of
Henry, 111. For seven
years she was secre
tary of the Iowa Uni
tarian association;
nine years state and
national superintendent of the Purity de
partment of the W. C. T. U., and lecturer
on White Cross and Social Purity, and
speaker for Total Abstinence and Prohibi
tion for more than twenty years. She is
also one of the managing editors of the
Dial of Progress of Mount Pleasant, Iowa.
COLE, CORNELIUS, journalist, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Sept. 17, 1822, in Lodi, N. Y. He
was district attorney of Sacramento for
two years; and in 1863 was elected a rep
resentative from California to the thirty-
eighth congress. He was elected to the
United States senate for the term com
mencing in 1867 and ending in 1873.
COLE, FRANCIS RICHARD, lawyer,
orator, author, poet, was born prior to the
great fire in Chicago, 111. He was given
a thorough educa
tion in the public
schools; received the
f • • ^^B degree of LL. B.
from the Lake For-
HI •• est university; and
I subseque ntly re-
J» - '^| ceived the degrees of
Ph. D. and LL. D. He
is one of the fore
most lawyers of his
native city; and in
1892 was a candi
date for judge of the
supreme court on the labor reform ticket.
He is a lecturer on medical jurisprudence
in the Dutton Medical college; is presi
dent of the Citizens' Sovereignty associa
tion; and is the author of a large amount
of poetry and prose; and in 1896 wrote
a work entitled Civilization, Bryan and
the Times.
COLE, GEORGE E., congressman, was
born Dec. 22, 1826, in Oneida county, N. Y.
He was a member of the Oregon legisla
ture in 1851-53; and during the years 1859-
60 was clerk of the United States district
court for Oregon. He moved to Washing
ton territory in 1861; and in 1863 was
elected a delegate from Washington Ter
ritory to the thirty-eighth congress.
COLE, JOSEPH FOXCROFT, artist,
was born Nov. 9, 1837, in Jay, Maine. His
professional life has been spent in Paris
and Boston. Among his paintings are
Scene in Normandy, exhibited in the Paris
salon of 1875; Nornian Farm; and Sheep-
washing in Normandy. Coast Scene in
Normandy, shown at the Centennial ex
hibition of 1876, received a medal and
diploma.
COLE, NATHAN, banker, congressman,
was born July 26, 1825, in St. Louis, Mo.
He became vice-president of two leading
banks in his native city, and director in
a number of other corporations. He was
mayor of St. Louis from 1869 to 1871;
was president of the Merchants' Exchange
of that city in 1876; and was elected a
representative from Missouri to the forty-
fifth congress as a republican.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
235
COLE, ORSAMUS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Aug. 23, 1819, in
Cazenovia, N. Y. He was appointed
United States judge for Wisconsin terri
tory; and was a representative in con
gress from Wisconsin from 1849 to 1851.
COLE, RICHARD BEVERLY, surgeon,
was born Aug. 12, 1829, in Manchester,
Va. He sened in 1856 as surgeon-gen
eral of the vigilance committee; and from
1860 to 1864 as surgeon-general of the
state. In 1869 he was called to the chair
of obstetrics and gynaecology in the uni
versity of California, and three years
later was elected president, which posi
tion he still holds.
COLE, THOMAS, artist, was born Feb.
1, 1801, in England. He has painted nu
merous pictures, and was engaged upon
another ambitious series, entitled The
Cross and the World, at the time of his
death. He wrote an unpublished dra
matic poem, a novel, and some sketches
of travel. He died Feb. 11, 1847, in Cats-
kill, N. Y.
COLE, ULYSSES D., lawyer, legislator,
was born Sept. 19, 1841, in Marysville,
Ohio. He served as a captain in the
union army, 1862-65. In 1877 he was
elected a member of the Indiana house of
representatives.
COLE, WILLIAM HINSON, journalist,
congressman, was born Jan. 11, 1837, in
Baltimore, Md. He served on the medi
cal staff of the confederate army through
out the chil war. At its close he en
gaged in journalism in Baltimore; be
came editor and proprietor of the Evening
Journal and subsequently city editor of
the Baltimore Gazette. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from Maryland to
the forty-ninth congress. He died July
8, 1886, in Washington, D. C.
COLEMAN, A. A., legislator, jurist,
poet, was born in Camden, S. C. At
the age of twenty-seven years he was
appointed judge of
the seventh judicial
circuit of Alabama,
where he made a
splendid record for
learning and legal
ability. In 1862 he
organized a regi
ment known as the
fortieth Alabama,
which he command
ed for one year,
when he resumed his
seat on the bench. In
1884-85 he represented Hale county in the
general assembly; and now practices law
in Birmingham, Ala. He is the author of
a number of meritorious poems, some of
which have been given a place in Poets
of America and other standard works.
COLEMAN, ALBERT LORING, lawyer,
state senator, was born in Junius, N. Y.
He taught school for a number of years,
and is a successful
lawyer of Centralia,
Mo. In 1887 he was
a representative in
the Missouri state
legislature; and in
1896 was elected to
the state senate. He
has been prominent
in all reform move
ments for the wel
fare of his state;
and has been instru
mental in passing
numerous bills of importance. As a law
yer he is one of the best known west of
the Mississippi.
•
COLEMAN, ANN M. B., author, was
born May 5, 1813, in Russellville, Ky. She
has translated various French works for
American publishers; and is the author
of a volume entitled Life and Letters of
J. J. Crittenden. She died Feb. 13, 1891,
in Louisville. Ky.
COLEMAN, AUGUSTUS L., surveyor,
legislator, was born May 23, 1855, in
Exeter, N. Y. In 1890-91 he served as a
member of the first state legislature of
Wyoming; was United States deputy sur
veyor during 1891-94; and in 1896 was
elected to the state senate for four years.
He is now also connected with the United
States geological survey.
COLEMAN, HAMILTON DUDLEY, sol
dier, manufacturer, congressman, was
born May 12, 1845, in New Orleans, La.
He enlisted in Washington artillery, army
of northern Virginia, as a private, and
served as such throughout the war. He
has been engaged in the business of man
ufacturing and dealing in plantation ma
chinery over twenty years. He was ac
tive in the organization of the World's
Industrial and Cotton Centennial expo
sition; was one of the organizers of the
first electric lighting company established
in New Orleans, and served as vice-presi
dent and afterward as president. He
served two terms as president of the New
Orleans chamber of commerce, and was
elected November, 1888, one of the vice-
presidents of the national board of trade.
He was elected to the fifty-first congress
as a republican.
COLEMAN, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 11, 1803, in Baltimore, Md.
He published Faber's Difficulties of Ro
manism; and The Episcopal Manual. For
many years he was the editor of the Ban
ner of the Cross, of Philadelphia, Pa. He
died Sept. 16, 1869, in St. Louis, Mo.
COLEMAN, JULIA, temperance reform
er, philanthropist, was born Feb. 16, — -,
in Fulton county, N. Y. For upward of
twenty years she has
studied the subject
of alcohol in all its
phases, and is at the
front in the scientific
educational temper
ance work, being au
thor of leading sci
entific text books for
both old and young.
Her conferences,
conducted in connec
tion with grove camp
meetings, are very
largely attended and exert a wide influ
ence.
COLEMAN, LEIGHTON, clergyman,
bishop, author, was born May 3, 1837, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was educated at the
Episcopal academy
of Philadelphia, and
the General Theolog
ical seminary of New
York city. He was
rector in several par
ishes; and in 1888
was consecrated pro-
testant episcopal
bishop of Delaware.
In 1896 he founded
the Sisterhood of All
Angels, whose moth
er house is in Wil
mington, Del. He is also chaplain-gen
eral of the Society of the War of 1812,
and chaplain of the Delaware State Socie
ty of the Cincinnati. He is the author of
The Church in America, a history of the
American episcopal church; and various
other works.
COLEMAN, LEWIS MINER, educator,
was born Feb. 3, 1827, in Hanover county,
Va. At the beginning of the war he
raised an artillery company for the con
federate service, became its captain, and
In 1862 was appointed major of artillery.
He died in March, 1863.
COLEMAN, LUCY NEWHALL, reform
er, was born July 26, 1817, in Sturbridge,
Mass. She obtained a school in Rochester,
N. Y., composed exclusively of colored
children; and under the auspices of the
New York Aid society, became president
of the colored schools in the District of
Columbia.
COLEMAN, LYMAN, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 14, 1796, in Middle-
field, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman who was a classical professor
at Lafayette college in 1861-82. He was
the author of Ancient Christianity Ex
emplified; Prelacy and Ritualism; The
Apostolical and Primitive Church; His
torical Geography of the Bible; Text-
Book and Atlas of Bible Geography; and
Genealogy of the Lyman Family. He
died March 16, 1882, in Easton, Pa.
COLEMAN, NICHOLAS D., congress
man, was born in 1800 in Harrison coun
ty, Ky. In 1825 he was elected to the
state legislature; and was a representa
tive in congress from 1829 to 1831. He was
soon afterward appointed postmaster of
Marysville, and to the same position in
Vicksburg from 1841 to 1844. He was also
for a time president of the Southern Pa
cific railroad. He died in May, 1874, in
Vicksburg, Ky.
COLEMAN, OBED M.. inventor, was
born Jan. 23, 1817, in Barnstable, Mass.
He removed to Saratoga in 1842, and in
vented improvements in the accordion. He
also began here to construct his aaolian
attachment to the piano-forte, which gave
him high rank among inventors. He sold
his patent for $100,000 in this country,
and for about $10,000 in England. He
died April 5, 1845, in Saratoga, N. Y.
COLEMAN, THOMAS, banker, state sen
ator, was born June 16, 1808, in Massa
chusetts. From 1852 to 1863 he was di
rector of the Bank of Troy, resigning
therefrom to assume the presidency of the
First National bank. In 1872 he was pres
idential elector of the state; and in 1875
was state senator.
COLEMAN, THOMAS MOORE, civil en
gineer, poet, was born May 15, 1830, in
Parke county, Ind. For seven years he
was justice of the peace at Glendon, Iowa;
a member of the county board of super
visors; county surveyor; and has filled
various positions of trust in his county
and state. He has written extensively
for the periodical press, and his poems
have been given a place in several stan
dard works.
COLEMAN, THOMAS WILKES, law
yer, legislator, jurist, was born March 31,
1834, in Eutaw, Ala. In 1853 he graduat
ed from the Princeton college, N. J. In
1865 he was a member of the constitu
tional convention of Alabama; was state's
solicitor for many years; and chancellor
of Alabama. He has served as associate
justice of the supreme court of the state
of Alabama, and still holds that position.
COLEMAN, WILLIAM, lawyer, journal
ist, was born Feb. 14, 1766, in Boston,
Mass. He studied law, began practice
in Greenfield, Mass., and during Shay's
rebellion served against the insurgents.
He removed to New York city about 1794,
and was for a short time a law partner
of Aaron Burr. He died July 13, 1829, in
New York city.
236
HKRKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COLEMAN, WILLIAM EMMETTE, sol
dier, lecturer, orientalist, was born June
19, 1843, in Shadwell, Va. During 1854-
57 he was assistant
librarian of the
Richmond library.
He was president of
the board of regis
tration of Bland
county, Va., under
the federal recon
struction law; a
member of three
state conventions;
and vice-president of
the Virginia state
Woman's Rights As
sociation in 1870. He is now chief of the
quartermaster's office, United States army,
San Francisco, Cal. During 1862-1874 he
was an actor and stage manager; and
adapted several novels for the stage, no
tably that of East Lynne, in 1864. He is
the author of a number of government
publications; has lectured on Evolution,
Darwinism, Spectrum Analysis; and for
thirty years has been an active writer
and speaker for higher spiritualism. For
many years he has been student of Orien
talism, and has written numerous treat
ises on Oriental subjects, Mythology, Phi
lology, Archaeology, and kindred sub
jects; and is a member of the principal
Oriental societies of America and Eu
rope.
COLERICK, JOHN, lawyer, was born
Sept. 20, 1837, in Indianapolis, Ind. He
was elected district attorney for the twen
tieth common pleas district of Indiana.
In 1870 he was unanimously put in nomi
nation as the democratic candidate for
congress in the ninth congressional dis
trict. He died March 7, 1872, at Fort
Wayne, Ind.
COLERICK, WALPOLE G., lawyer,
member of congress, was born Aug. 1,
1845, in Fort Wayne, Ind. He received
his education in the
public schools of his
native city; and has
attained success as
one of the foremost
lawyers of Indiana.
He served with dis
tinction as a mem
ber of the house of
representatives of
the United States in
the forty-sixth and
forty-seventh con
gresses in 1879-83.
In 1883 he became one of the supreme
court commissioners of the state of In
diana, and served until the expiration of
the commission by limitation of law cre
ating the court.
COLES, ABRAHAM, physician, author,
was born Dec. 26, 1813, in Scotch Plains.
N. J. He was a New Jersey physician
who published a volume containing thir
teen original translations of the Dies Irae.
His other works include Stabat Mater Do-
lorosa; Stabat Mater Speciosa; Old Gems
in New Settings; The Microcosm, a psy
chological poem; The Evangel in Verse;
The Light of the World; and The Psalms
in Verse, with notes. He died May 3,
1891, in Monterey, Cal.
COLES, EDWARD, governor, author.
was born Dec. 15, 1786, in Albemarle
county, Va. He was private secretary to
President Madison, who sent him on a
mission to Russia in 1817. On his re
turn in 1818 he removed to Illinois, tak
ing with him his slaves, whom he had
liberated. He was governor of that state
from 1823 to 1826. He died July 7, 1868,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
COLES, GEORGE, clergyman, author,
was born in 1792 in England. He was
a methodist clergyman who published The
Antidote, or Revelation Defended; Con
cordance of the Scriptures; and Heroines
of Methodism.
COLES, ISAAC, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1789 to 1791, and again from
1793 to 1797.
COLES, JONATHAN A., physician, was
born May 6, 1843. In 1891 he was elected
president of the Union Medical society;
and has filled various offices of responsi
bility and trust both in and out of his
profession in Newark, N. J.
COLES, WALTER, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1835
to 1845.
COLESWORTHY, DANIEL CLEMENT,
author, poet, was born July 14, 1810, in
Portland, Maine. He was a noted book
seller of Boston, who was also a writer.
Some of his poems for children, like Don't
Kill the Birds, and Little Words of Kind
ness, have been extremely popular. He
is the author of Sunday School Hymns;
Advice to an Apprentice; Opening Buds;
Chronicles of Casco Bay; A Group of
Children, and Other Poems; School is
Out; The Year; and A Day in the Woods,
in verse, comprise the most of his writ
ings. He died in 1893.
COLEY, WILLIAM XENOPHON, jour
nalist, was born May 7, 1868, in Farming-
ton, N. C. He is the editor and owner
of the Times of Mocksville, N. C., of
which city he is mayor; and he has
filled many important offices in his town,
county and state.
COLFAX, SCHUYLER, journalist, vice-
president of the United States, was born
March 23, 1823, in New York city. In 1850
he was a member of
the state constitu
tional convention;
in 1848 and 1852 a
delegate to the whig
national conventions
of those years, and
was secretary to
each; and was elect
ed a representative
from Indiana to the
thirty-fourth con
gress, and to suc
cessive congresses,
including the fortieth, serving as chair
man of the committee on postoffices, and
as regent of the Smithsonian institution.
He was chosen speaker during the thirty-
eighth congress, and was twice re-elect
ed to the same position. In 1868 he was
elected to the office of vice-president of
the United States on the ticket with Gen.
Grant for president. After the close of
his term he devoted himself to lecturing.
He died Jan. 13, 1885, in Mankato, Minn.
COLFELT, LAWRENCE M., clergyman,
was born Dec. 22, 1849, in Reedsville, Pa.
He is a noted clergyman of Oxford church
of Philadelphia, and in 1885 Hampden
Sidney college gave him the degree of
D. D.
COLGATE, JAMES BOORMAN, banker,
was born March 4, 1818, in New York
city. He is a son of William Colgate,
who came to America in 1798, settled in
Harford county, Md., and in 1804 removed
to New York, where he established the
now widely known industry of manufac
turing Colgate's soaps. James B. Colgate
has been for many years a banker and
dealer in securities and bullion. He has
given large sums to Colgate university;
and built and liberally endowed Colgate
academy.
COLGATE, ROBERT, manufacturer,
was born in 1812. While long connected
with his father's firm, his greatest
achievement was the manufacture of
white lead by corrosion for use in paints.
About 1845 he organized the firm of Rob
ert Colgate and Company, and built works
in the city of Brooklyn under the name
of The Atlantic White Lead and Linseed
Oil company. He died July 4, 1885.
COLGATE, SAMUEL, manufacturer,
was born March 22, 1822, in New York
city. He is a son of the late William Col
gate. At an early age he took a position
in the works of Colgate and Company,
manufacturers of soap, and has since de
voted his business life to this industry,
now being senior partner in the concern.
In conjunction with his brother, James
B. Colgate, he erected the Colgate acad
emy building, in Hamilton, N. Y., at an
expense of $60,000. He is president of the
New York Baptist Education society, and
of the Society for the Suppression of Vice.
COLGATE, WILLIAM, manufacturer,
was born Jan. 25, 1783, in England. He
emigrated to Maryland in 1795; and in
1804 became apprentice to a soap boiler
of New York city, whose business he sub
sequently followed with success. He died
March 25, 1857, in New York city.
COLHOUN, EDMUND R., naval officer,
was born May 6, 1821, in Pennsylvania.
In 1863 he commanded the steamer La-
dona, and afterward the monitor Wee-
hawken, of the south Atlantic blockad
ing squadron, in her various engagements
with Forts Sumter, Wagner and Beaure-
gard, in the summer of 1863. He was com
mandant at Mare Island navy-yard, Cal.,
in 1879-80, and inspector of vessels in
California at the time of his retirement.
COLHOUN, JOHN, naval officer, was
born in 1802 in Pennsylvania. He en
tered the navy as midshipman in 1821,
and was subsequently promoted to the
rank of commodore in 1867. He died Nov.
30, 1872, in New York city.
COLLAMER, JACOB, lawyer, jurist.
United States senator, was born in 1792
in Troy, N. Y. He was a member of
the state legislature,
and from 1833 to
1841 was judge of the
supreme court of
Vermont; and in
1843 took his seat as
a representative in
congress from Ver
mont, serving by
re-elections until
1849. In March of
that year he was ap
pointed postmaster-
general in the cabi
net of President Taylor, and was soon
afterward appointed on the supreme
bench of his state, which office he held
until 1854, when he was elected a sena
tor in congress from Vermont for six
years from 1855. In 1861 he was re-elect
ed for the term ending in 1867. He died
Nov. 8, 1865, in Woodstock, Vt.
COLLAMORE, DAVIS, merchant, man
ufacturer, was born Oct. 7, 1820, in
Scituate, Mass. In 1842 he established
himself in business in New York city, and
in 1886 the business was reorganized as
a stock company, of which he continued
president until the time of his death. He
died Aug. 13, 1887.
COLLBRAN, HENRY, railroad presi
dent, was born Dec. 24, 1852, in London.
England. He is president of the Midland
Terminal railway at Denver, Colo.
COLLENS, THOMAS WHARTON jur
ist. author, was born June 23, 1812 in
ftrlst n 6T' L*n , He Was a ^en-known
Jurist of New Orleans, who wrote The
of tlf^ a tragedy: Human/cs;
b°Ur Movement; and The
HKRRJNGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
237
man who in his later years was a Lon
don correspondent of the New York Her
ald; and the author of Every-Day Sub
jects in Sunday Sermons; Meditations on
the Essence of Christianity; Henrv Irv-
an<i a Criticism and En-
COLLES, CHRISTOPHER, engineer
Philosopher, was born about 1738 in Ire
land. During the war of 1812 he 'was the
projector and attendant of the telegraph
tT*C^,,°« CfhS'leflC1jnt°n- He is sai(1 to
the first steam engine in
COLLETT, JOHN, geologist, state sen
ator, jurist, was born Jan. 6 1828 in
Eugene, Ind. He was state senator ,!i
71; assistant state geologist in 1870-78;
fn^s™ 7eQ Jhe State house Commission
78-79; chief of the bureau of statis-
n 18S1 Ik vey in11879-8°; and geologist
1881-86. From 1870 till 1879 he pub-
L'pSn,ni?mia!ly his reports as assistant
geologist and as geologist from 1881 till
1884. and for the years 1879 and 1880 re
ports of the bureau of statistics and geol-
COLLIER, MRS. ADA LANGWORTHY
Jtnpr, poet, was born in 1843 in Iowa'
She is a writer of Dubuque, whose Lilith'
COLLIER, THOMAS S., naval officer
Physicmn, poet, was born Nov. 14 1842 in
York city He entered the American
? ear'y age' in which he served
sw 6 Cml war' and was retired in
Sd. His poems have appeared in many
coa,pfIHd-PUbliCati°ns' which have been
collected in one complete volume, entitled
Song Spray. He died in 1893.
COLLIER, CHARLES A., banker, was
born July 1, 1848, in Atlanta Ga In 1887
he wag president of the Piedmont expo
sition; alderman of that city in 1888; and
was engaged extensively in mercantile
and banking pursuits.
COLLIER, GEORGE X. M., lawyer was
born Sept. 27, 1838, in Claremont N H
e attended the public schools, and grad
uated from the university of Michigan He
has attained prominence as one of the
foremost lawyers of Michigan, and prac
tices his profession at Detroit.
COLLIER, HENRY WATKINS, lawyer
jurist, governor, was born Jan. 17 1801
m Lunenburg county, Va. He was' judgo
of the circuit court of Tuscaloosa Ala
district from 1827 to 1837; chief justic«
of Alabama from 1837 to 1849; and gov
ernor from 1849 to 1853. He died Aug.
28, 1855, at Bailey's Springs, Ala.
COLLIER, JOHN A., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1787 in Broome county
N. Y. He practiced law at Binghamton
was elected to congress as a Clay demo
crat, serving from 1831 till 1833; was
state comptroller in 1845-46, and was com
missioner to revise the code in 1847 He
•died March 24, 1873, in Binghamton, N. Y.
COLLIER. JOSEPH AVERY, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 26, 'l828, in
Plymouth, Mass. He was a reformed Dutch
clergyman of Kingston, N. Y.; and the
author of The Right Way, or the Gospel
Applied to the Intercourse of Individ
uals and Nations; The Christian Home;
The Young Men of the Bible; Pleasant
Paths for Little Feet; Little Crowns- and
Dawn of Heaven. He died Aug. 13, 1864
in Kinderhook, N. Y.
COLLIER, PETER, chemist, author
was born Aug. 17, 1835, in Chittengo, N.
Y. He is a chemist of distinction for
several years attached to the department
of agriculture at Washington; and the
author of Sorghum, Its Culture and Manu
facture Economically Considered; and In
vestigations of Sorghum as a Sugar Pro
ducing Plant.
COLLIER, ROBERT LAIRD, clergyman
author, was born Aug. 7, 1837, in Salis
bury, Md. He was a Unitarian clergy-
COLLIN, JOHN F., state legislator, con-
ssman, was born April 30, 1802 in
Hillsdale, N. Y. He served in the state
legislature m 1834; was a member of
the county board of supervisors; and was
a representative in congress from New
» ork from 1845 to 1847.
COLLINS, CHARLES, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born April 17 1813 in
North Yarmouth, Maine. He was' a me'th-
odist preacher and educator of Tennes
see, who published Methodism and Cal
vinism Compared. He died July 10 1875
in Memphis, Tenn.
COLLINS, CHARLES, merchant was
rnTs^T' 2- V817' in Blandford, Mass,
in 1842 he established a business in St
Louis, Mo., and was also at the head of
large cotton manufactory in Glaston-
bury, Conn. After the war he closed his
business in St. Louis and established a
dry goods commission house in New York
city, from which he retired in 1878 He
died Nov. 30, 1891.
COLLINS, CLARENCE LYMAN, was
born Feb. 22, 1848, in Hartford, Conn. In
18<8 he conducted a wholesale commis
sion business under the firm name of
Whitin and Collins; and in 1878 was
elected a member of the chamber of com
merce of New York city.
COLLINS, DAVID EDWARD, banker
poet, was born May 8, 1850, in Scotland.'
He is a banker of high standing in Oak
land, Cal., where he now resides He
has written more than one hundred com
mendable poems that have received ex
tensive publication in the University Jour
nal and the periodical press generally.
COLLINS, EDWARD K., shipowner
was born Aug. 5, 1802, in Cape Cod, Mass'
He established the Dramatic line of sail
ing packets to Liverpool in 1836 The
first steamer of the Collins line between
New York and Liverpool sailed from
New York on April 27, 1849. He died
Jan. 22, 1878, in New York city.
COLLINS, EDWIN RALPH, explorer
author, was born in 1859, in Newark N'
He has traveled extensively and 'has
attained prominence as an explorer of
the Hudson Bay regions. He has been
editor of the Texas Siftings, and is the
author of several novels.
COLLINS, ELA, lawyer, congressman
was born Feb. 14, 1786, in Meriden, Conn.'
e was for twenty years district attor
ney, displaymg ability as an advocate
and during the latter part of his life de
voted much attention to farming HP
commanded a regiment of militia near
Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., in 1814; repre-
-ented Lewis county in the legislature of
the state, and in 1821 was a member of
3 state constitutional convention. He
was in congress from New York from 1823
to 1825. He died Nov. 23, 1848, in Low-
ville, Conn.
COLLINS, FRANCIS D., lawyer con
gressman, was born March 5, 1844 in Sau-
gerties, N. Y. He was elected a district
attorney in 1869; was elected to the state
senate in 1872, 1873 and 1874, and in the
latter year was elected a representative
fiom Pennsylvania to the forty-fourth
and forty-fifth congresses as a democrat
COLLINS, FRANK W., lawyer, lecturer
was born Feb. 9, 1860, in Pompey Hill'
*. Y. He attended the Dryden Union
school and academy,
and graduated from
the Syracuse univer
sity. During 1894-96
he was president of
the Nebraska Repub
lican league, and
has been assistant
prosecuting attorney
of Lincoln, Neb. Dur
ing the campaign of
1896 he was kept in
constant service by
the national republi
can committee, and lectured in the prin
cipal cities of Wisconsin, Michigan Illi
nois and Nebraska, and his lectuies' gen-
t. rdiiy 3, Don 11 (I with 3.n InAThoito+f V\IA * » *i
of w'f HHuMMisiiDw fund
COLLINS, GEORGE J., soldier, was
born Oct. 25, 1839, in New York city He
attained the rank of lieutenant in the
civil war; in 1882 was elected alderman of
iorWe"ty"first war<1 of Brooklyn, and
>0 postmaster of Brooklyn.
COLLINS, GEORGE T., soldier lawyer
egislator, was born Sept. 10, 1842 in Scot.!
and county, Mo. During ttie c'ivU war
ne served in company F, forty-fifth Iowa
nfantry; and has since attained prom
inence as a noted lawyer of Memphis,
Mo. He served with distinction as a
member of the thirty-fourth, thirty-fifth
Missouri general assemblies of
COLLINS, GILBERT, lawyer, jurist
was born Aug. 26, 1816, in Stonington
Conn. He recetved the rudiments of his
education in the
public schools; and
was prepared by
David Hart, A. M.,
for Yale college. He
,,_. has attained success
k" I as one of the fore
most lawyers of the
«L east, and has a
^\ j^^ large practice in
Jersey City, N. J.,
of which city he was
mayor during 1884-
86. In 1897 he was
appointed a justice of the supreme court
of New Jersey, and his decisions have
shown great judicial ability and learning.
COLLINS, HOLDRIDGE OZRO, lawyer
author, was born Dec. 10, 1844, in Cayuga
county, N. Y He was instrumental !n
the creation of the first regiment infan-
llinois national guard, and he was
t the six captains who was first
sleeted He was promoted to lieutenant-
lonel, and had a large command in Chi-
?ag°oo!'ring the railroad riots of 1877
884 he published a history of the
Illinois National Guards.
fi' publisher, was born
16, 1746, in Delaware. In 1770 he
was appointed public printer in New Jer
sey and removed to Burlington. In 1771
wt^t11 -he publication of an almanac,
which he issued annually for more than
twenty years. In 1778 he removed to
Tienton, and there printed 5,000 copies of
a family Bible that was remarkably free
ii om typ?graphical errors. He died March
21, 1817, in Burlington, N. J.
238
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COLLINS, JERKMIAH BUCKLEY, law
yer, legislator, was born April 2, 1865, at
Renovo, Pa. In 1890 he graduated from
the northern Indiana law school, and
three years later was elected a member
of the Indiana legislature.
COLLINS, JOHN, governor. He was
governor of Delaware from 1820 to his
death, which occurred April 15, 1822, in
Wilmington, Del.
COLLINS, JOHN, congressman, govern
or, was born June 8, 1717. He was gov
ernor of Rhode Island from 1786 to 1789.
He was a patriot of the revolution, a dele
gate to the old congress from 1778 to 1783,
and a signer of the articles of confedera
tion. He was elected a representative in
congress in 1789. He died March 8, 1795,
In Newport, R. I.
COLLINS, LEWIS, journalist, jurist,
was born Dec. 25, 1797. He was proprietor
and editor of the Maysville Eagle for
twenty-seven years, and from 1851-54 was
first presiding judge of the Mason county
court. He died Jan. 29, 1870, in Lexing
ton. Ky.
COLLINS, LORIN WARREN, soldier,
state legislator, jurist, was born in 1838
in Lowell, Mass. He moved to Minnesota
In 1854; served through the civil war in
the seventh Minnesota, and was brevetted
captain in 1865. He was county attorney
of Stearns county for ten years; and a
member of the Minnesota house of rep
resentatives in 1881-83. In 1883 he was ap
pointed judge of the seventh judicial dis
trict; and was elected the following year.
Since 1887 he has been associate justice of
the supreme court.
COLLINS, NAPOLEON, naval officer,
was born May 4, 1814, in Pennsylvania.
He entered the navy as midshipman in
1840, attained the rank of rear-admiral,
and in 1874 was made commander of the
Pacific squadron. He died June 7, 1875,
In Washington, D. C.
COLLINS, PATRICK A., lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born March 12,
1844, in Ireland. He received the rudi
ments of his education In the public
schools of Chelsea, Mass., and graduated
from the Harvard law school. He is a
successful lawyer of Boston, Mass.; was
a member of the Massachusetts house of
representatives in 1868-69; of the Massa
chusetts senate in 1870-71; and in 1875
was Judge advocate-general of Massachu
setts. He was a representative In the
forty-eighth, forty-ninth and fiftieth con
gresses, and served on various important
committees. During 1893-97 he was con
sul-general of the United States at Lon
don, England.
COLLINS, SPENCER, lawyer, was born
April 10, 1861, near Glenville, W. Va.
In 1883 he graduated from the Glenville
State Normal school, and subsequently
engaged in educational work. In 1887 he
was admitted to the bar and has become
prominent in his profession in his native
city.
COLLINS, THOMAS, soldier, jurist,
governor, was born in 1732, in Delaware.
He was a member of the council for four
years; brigadier-general of militia from
1776 to 1783; a member of the assembly,
and chief Justice of the court of common
pleas; and was governor of Delaware
from 1786 to 1789. He died March 29.
1789, near Ducks Creek, Del.
COLLINS, THOMAS WHARTON, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, author, was born June
23, 1812, in New Orleans, La. He was re
porter and clerk of the state senate in
1834, then edited the True American.
He was district attorney for the Orleans
district in 1840-42; Judge of the city court
in 1842-46, a member of the constitutional
convention in 1852, and in 1856 was elected
judge of the first district court of New
Orleans. In 1867 he was made judge of
the seventh district court. He was the
author of a tragedy called The Martyr
Patriots, which was successfully per
formed; also of Humanics; The Eden
of Labor; and essays on sociology, ethics,
and politics, published in periodicals. He
died Nov. 3, 1879.
COLLINS, TRUMAN D., railroad presi
dent, was born March 7, 1831, in Cortland,
N. Y. Since 1891 he has been president
of the Tronesta Valley and Hickory rail
road at Nebraska, Pa.
COLLINS, MRS. W. LESLIE, poet. She
is the author of a volume entitled Sea
Waifs and Other Poems.
COLLINS, WILLIAM, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Oneida county, N. Y.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1847 to 1849, and was
district attorney for Lewis county until
he removed to Cleveland, Ohio.
COLLINS, ZACCHEUS, philanthropist,
was born Aug. 26, 1764, in Philadelphia.
Pa. He was a member of the society of
Friends, a promoter of the advancement
of the natural sciences, and an officer or
member of many philosophical, humane
and religious societies.
COLLYER, ROBERT, clergyman, au
thor, was born Dec. 8, 1823, in England.
He is a Unitarian clergyman of New York
and one of the leading men among the
clergy of his faith. He was born in York
shire, and learned the blacksmith's trade,
which he still followed after coming to
America in 1849. He was then a Wesleyan
local preacher, but his views changing
he became a Unitarian, and in 1860 found
ed Unity church in Chicago, over which
he remained pastor until he went to
New York in 1879. His influence, both
within and without the Unitarian body,
has been very great. He is the author
of The Life that Now Is; Nature and
Life; A Man in Earnest; The Simple
Truth, a Home Book; Lectures to Young
Men and Women; History of Ilkley, in
Yorkshire.
COLMAN, BENJAMIN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 19, 1673, in Boston,
Mass. He was a famous congregational
minister of Boston, whose theological
views were much more liberal than those
of his contemporaries, and whose literary
style was far more polished and flexible.
Evangelical Sermons Collected; Twenty
Sacramental Sermons. He died Aug. 29,
1747, in Boston, Mass.
COLMAN, ELIHU, attorney, legislator,
was born May 11, 1841, in Oneida, Wis.
He graduated from the Lawrence uni
versity in 1865, and was elected to the
Wisconsin legislature in 1872. He was
United States district attorney for the
eastern district of Wisconsin during Pres
ident Harrison's administration.
COLMAN, HENRY, author, was born
Sept. 12, 1785, in Boston, Mass. He was
an agricultural writer of Massachusetts,
who was a congregational minister at
Hingham, 1807-20, and afterwards a Uni
tarian minister at Salem; and the author
of Report on Silk Culture; European
Agriculture and Rural Economy; Agricul
ture and Rural Economy of France, Bel
gium, Holland, and Switzerland; and Eu
ropean Life and Manners. He died Aug.
14, 1849, in England.
COLMAN, HENRY, clergyman, was
born May 14, 1834, in Bridport, Vt. He
is an eminent clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church, and since 1868 has been
trustee of the Lawrence university of
Appleton, Wis.
COLMAN, NORMAN J., journalist, law
yer, state legislator, was born in 1827,
near Richfield Springs, N. Y. He moved
to St. Louis, Mo., in 1853, and founded
Colman's Rural World, an agricultural
paper. He was elected a member of the
board of aldermen for the city of St.
Louis in 1855, and was elected a repre
sentative in the legislature of Missouri
in 1865. He was elected lieutenant-gov
ernor of Missouri in 1874, and was presi
dent of the Missouri State Horticultural
society. In 1885 he was appointed United
States commissioner of agriculture.
COLMAN, SAMUEL, painter, was born
in 1832, in Portland, Me. He began early
to sketch from nature in and around New
York, where his father was a publisher,
and became a pupil of Asher B. Durand.
His studio is in New York, and he was
the first president of the American water
color society. His pictures include Bay
of Gibraltar; Misty Afternoon in Ven
ice; Ruins of Mosque in Algeria; and
Tower of Giralda.
COLQUILLARD, ALEXIS, manufactu
rer, capitalist, was born April 27, 1825,
in Detroit, Mich. He kept on increasing
his landed possessions until 1865, when he
established the Colquillard Wagon works
of South Bend, Ind.
COLQUITT, ALFRED HOLT, soldier,
lawyer, United States senator, governor,
was born April 20, 1824, in Walton coun
ty, Ga. He was a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1853 to 1855;
and was a presidential elector in 1860. He
entered the confederate army as colonel,
and, by distinguished gallantry, won pro
motion to the rank of major-general. He
was elected governor of Georgia in 1876
by the largest majority ever received
by a candidate in that state, and continued
in office, by re-election, until 1882, when
he was elected a senator of the United
States from Georgia for the term of six
years; and received the re-election in 1888
and served until 1895.
COLQUITT, WALTER T., soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Dec.
27, 1799, in Halifax county, Va. He
served as a brigadier-general of militia
at the age of twenty-one, and in 1826
was appointed a district judge, and held
the first court ever held in Columbus.
He was appointed to the same office in
1829, and was a member of the state sen
ate in 1834 and 1837. He was a represent
ative in congress from Georgia from 1839
to 1843; and a senator in congress from
1843 to 1849. He died May 7, 1855, in
Macon, Ga.
COLSON, DAVID GRANT, lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 1, 1861, at Yel
low Creek, Ky. In 1887 he was elected to
the Kentucky house of representatives,
session of 1887-88; and was the republi
can nominee for state treasurer in 1889.
He was elected mayor of Middlesboro In
1893, for four years, which position he
resigned to accept a seat in the fifty-
fourth congress; and was re-elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
COLSTON, EDWARD, congressman,
was born in 1788, in Berkeley county, Va.
He served for a long time as magistrate of
the county, and in the capacity of high
sheriff. He was frequently a member of
the state legislature, and was a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1817 to 1819. He died April 23, 1851.
COLT, LE BARON BRADFORD, law
yer, legislator, jurist, was born June 25,
1846, in Dedham, Mass. He was a repre
sentative in the state legislature of
Rhode Island in 1879 and 1880, and in
1881 was appointed United States district
judge for the district of Rhode Island.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
239
COLT, SAMUEL, inventor, was born
July 19, 1814, in Hartford, Conn. While a
sailor, Mr. Colt had whittled out a wooden
model of a pistol, which should fire several
shots before reloading, and in 1835 ob
tained a patent for this weapon, both in
America and in England and France. A
new plant was created in 1852 upon a
tract of 250 acres in Hartford, and in
1855 the Colt Patent Fire Arms company
was organized to carry on the business.
He died Jan. 10, 1862, in Hartford, Conn.
COLTON, CALVIN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1789 in Longmeadow, Mass.
He was an episcopal clergyman of some
note in his day as a political writer, and
the author of Manual for Emigrants to
America; History of American Revivals;
Protestant Jesuitism; Public Economy for
the United States, a plea for protection;
Life of Henry Clay; and Junius Tracts.
He died March 13, 1857, in Savannah, Ga.
COLTON, GARDNER QUINCY, invent
or, author, was born Feb. 7, 1814, in Geor
gia, Vt. He discovered the remarkable
properties and made a practical appli
cation of the use of nitrous oxide; and
commenced a series of lectures on the
effect of nitrous oxide upon the human
system. He has also achieved some celeb
rity as a writer on various theological
subjects.
COLTON, GEORGE HOOKER, poet,
was born Oct. 27, 1818, in Westford, N. Y.
He was a noted writer and the author of
a poem entitled Tecumseh. He died Dec.
1, 1847, in New York city.
COLTON, WALTER, journalist, author,
was born May 9, 1797, in Rutland, Vt.
He was a journalist and educator who
established the first newspaper in Califor
nia, and built the first schoolhouse there.
As chaplain in the United States navy he
visited many parts of the world. He is
the author of Visit to Athens and Con
stantinople; Land and Lee in the Bos-
phorus and JEgean; and other works. He
died Jan. 22, 1851, in Philadelphia, Pa.
COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER, discov
erer, was born about 1436. He discovered
America on Oct. 12, 1492. He died May 20,
1506, in Valladolid.
COLVER, NATHANIEL, clergyman,
was born May 10, 1794, in Orwell, Vt. He
was eminent as an anti-mason and abol
itionist; was an able preacher and had
great power with the masses. He founded
and put in successful operation at Rich
mond, the Colver institute for educat
ing young men of color for the minis
try. He died Sept. 25, 1870, in Chicago, 111.
COLVIN, ADDISON B., journalist, pub
lic official, was born in 1858 in the state
of New York. He attended school in
the Glens Falls acad
emy, and at the age
of eighteen years he
was the editor and
proprietor of the
Glens Falls Daily
Times, and was at
that time the young-
|j est editor of a daily
paper in the United
States. Since 1894
he has been treasu
rer of the state of
New York; and is
the president of the New York State
league of Republican clubs. He is sec
retary and treasurer of the Queensbury
republican town committee; secretary and
treasurer of the Warren county republi
can committee; treasurer of the Republi
can league of the State of New York;
was for several years director and vice-
president of the Warren County Agricul
tural society; is a stockholder of the
Glens Falls Gas Company; was one of the
organizers of the People's National bank
of Sandy Hill; is a director of the Cran-
dall Free library of Glens Falls; was one
of the organizers and is a charter member
of the United Press association; is a
member and ex vice-president of the New
York Press association; was one of the
organizers and first vice-president of the
Commercial Union Telegraph company;
is ex-chief engineer of the Glens Falls
fire department; was organizer and presi
dent of the Glens Falls Messenger Serv
ice company; was one of the organizers
and vice-presidents of the Glens Falls
board of trade, and is a member of the
Glens Falls Business Men's association.
COLVIN, VERPLANCK, engineer, sur
veyor, lecturer, author, was born Jan. 4,
1847, in Albany, N. Y. In 1872 he applied
to the legislature for aid, and in conse
quence the Adirondack survey was in
stituted, with himself as superintendent.
His work during that year included the
discovery of Lake Tear-of-the-Clouds, the
most elevated lake spring and source of
the Hudson river. About 1881 he deliv
ered at Hamilton college a series of lec
tures on geodesy, surveying, and topo
graphical engineering.
COLWELL, J. B., clergyman, was born
July 19, 1834, in Herefordshire, England.
In 1862 he graduated from the Garret
Biblical institute of Evanston, 111.; has
since attained eminence as one of the
foremost clergymen of the methodist epis
copal church in Illinois, and now fills a
pastorate at Ridge Farm.
COLWELL, STEPHEN, merchant, au
thor, was born in 1800 in Vermont. He
was an iron merchant of Philadelphia,
who wrote much on current topics, espe
cially matters relating to political econ
omy. He was the author of Ways and
Means of Commercial Payment; Money on
Account; Removal of the Deposits from
the Bank of the United States; Domestic
Production and Internal Trade; Hints to
Laymen; Charity and the Clergy; Poli
tics for American Christians; and New
Themes for Protestant Clergy. He died
Jan. 15, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
COLYAR, ARTHUR ST. CLAIR, law
yer, was born June 23, 1818, in Washing
ton county, Tenn. He was self-educated,
and achieved success as a lawyer. He
opposed secession in 1861, but became
a member of the confederate congress
and served till 1865. After the war he
reorganized the Tennessee Coal and Rail
road company, becoming its president, and
also engaged in manufacturing; and has
done much to develop the resources of the
south.
COLYER, VINCENT, painter, was born
in 1825, in Bloomington, N. Y. His works
include Johnson Straits, British Colum
bia; Columbia River; Pueblo; Passing
Shower; Rainy Day on Connecticut
Shore; and Winter on Connecticut Shore.
He died July 12, 1888, in Connecticut.
COMAN, CHARLOTTE B., painter, was
born about 1845 in Waterville, N. Y. After
painting in France and Holland for six
years, she returned to the United States,
and opened a studio in New York. Her
best works are French Village; Sunset at
the Seaside, France; Peasant Home in
Normandy; Cottage in Picardy; Old
Windmills in Holland; Spring-Time in
Picardy; and Poppy-Field in Normandy.
COMAN, KATHERINE, educator, au
thor, was born in 1857 in Ohio. She is a
professor of history at Wellesley college,
and the author of Outlines in Constitu
tional History of England; Outlines in
Industrial History; and The Growth of
the English Nation.
COMBES. RICHARD C.. underwriter,
was born May 17, 1827, in New York city.
He was secretary of the Exchange Fire
Insurance company of New York city, and
in 1870 was its president. He is the
president of the National Switch and Sig
nal company, and of Palmer's Torpedo
Machine company.
COMBS, JOHN ALFRED, lawyer, lec
turer, was born Jan. 22, 1851, in Canada.
He was educated at the public schools of
Stony Creek, Alexander's private acad
emy, and the High school of Hamilton,
Canada; and has attained success as a
prominent lawyer of Saginaw, Mich. Dur
ing 1890-94 he was chairman of the re
publican committee for Saginaw county,
Mich.; in 1895-97 was state lecturer of the
Orange lodge, and for one year was the
worthy preceptor of the Royal Black
Knights of the Camp of Israel.
COMEGYS, BENJAMIN BARTIS, bank
er, author, was born in 1819 in Delaware.
He is a banker of Philadelphia, and the
author of Tour Round My Library, and
Other Papers; Advice to Young Men and
Boys; A Primer of Ethics; Talks with
Boys and Girls; How to Get On, a Book
for Boys; Turn Over a New Leaf; An
Order of Worship; and Old Stories with
New Lessons.
COMEGYS, CORNELIUS P., governor,
was born in Delaware. He was governor
of that state from 1837 to 1840.
COMEGYS, JOSEPH PARSONS, law
yer, United States senator, was born Dec.
29, 1813, in St. Jones's Neck, Del. He was
elected a member of the house of repre
sentatives of the state in 1842 and 1848.
In 1851 he was appointed one of a com
mittee of three to revise the statutes of
the state and in 1856 was chosen to fill
a vacancy in the United States senate.
COMER, JOHN, clergyman, was born
in 1704 in Boston, Mass. He left a diary
in manuscript, which contains interest
ing information of the early history of
the baptists in America. He died May
23, 1734, in Old Rehoboth, Mass.
COMER, THOMAS, actor, was born Dec.
19, 1790, in England. In 1827 he came to
the United States, and was successively
musical director at the Tremont theater,
the Museum, and the Boston theater.
His forte was acting eccentric parts and
Irish impersonations. He was also skilled
in musical composition. He died July 27,
1802, in Boston, Mass.
COMFORT, AARON IVINS, physician,
surgeon, was born March 4, 1827, in
Penn's Manor, Pa. He received his edu
cation in the public
schools, Williston
seminary, Amherst
college, and the Uni
versity of Pennsyl
vania. He was as
sistant instructor of
the classics and
higher mathematics,
and assistant dem
onstrator of anatomy
in the university of
Pennsylvania; con
sulting accoucheur of
the Philadelphia Lying-in Charity hospi
tal; and consulting physician of the South
ern dispensary of Philadelphia. During the
civil war he was captain and assistant
surgeon of the United States volunteers,
and acting assistant surgeon United States
army during 1865-92. He is now first as
sistant surgeon in the National Home for
Disabled Volunteer Soldiers at Milwaukee,
Wis. Dr. Comfort has contributed mono
graphs on Indian mounds to the Smithson
ian institution; and contributed valuable
papers and articles to medical literature.
240
HERRINGSHAW'S KNC YCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COMFORT, MRS. ANNA MANNING,
physician, author, was born in 1845 in
New Jersey. She is a physician of Syra
cuse, who has written Woman's Education
and Woman's Health, a reply to Dr.
Clarke's once famous Sex in Education.
COMFORT, GEORGE FISK, educator,
author, was born in 1833 in New York.
He has been a professor at Syracuse uni
versity since 1872; and has published a
series of German text-books and The
Land Troubles in Ireland.
COMINGO, ABRAM, lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 29, 1820, in Mercer
county, Ky. He was elected a member
of the Missouri state convention in 1861;
appointed provost-marshal in May, 1863;
and was elected to the forty-second and
forty-third congresses.
COMINS, LINUS B., manufacturer, con
gressman, was born in 1817 in Charlton,
Mass. He was a member of the Roxbury
city council in 1846, and in 1847 and 1848
was president of the council; and in 1854
was mayor of Roxbury. He was soon after
elected to congress from Massachusetts,
and continued in that position to the close
of the thirty-fifth congress, serving on
the committee on commerce.
COMLY, JOHN, educator, author, was
born in 1774 in Pennsylvania. He was a
Pennsylvania educator among the
Friends, who prepared a speller that was
phenomenally popular, and also a gram
mar and other text-books. He died Aug.
17, 1850, in Ryeberry, Pa.
COMMAGER, HENRY S., soldier, was
born about 1825. He was a prominent
democratic politician in Toledo, Ohio, and
in 1864 was an unsuccessful candidate
for congress. He was colonel of the sixty-
seventh Ohio regiment during the eivil
war, and in 1865 was brevetted brigadier-
general of volunteers. He died Sept. 5,
1867, in Calveston, Texas.
COMMONS, JOHN ROGERS, educator,
author, was born in 1862 in Ohio. He has
been a professor of sociology at Syracuse
university since 1895; and is the author
of The Distribution of Wealth; Social
Reform and the Church; and Propor
tional Representation.
COMPTON, BARNES, was born Nov. 16,
1830, in Port Tobacco, Md. He was elect
ed a representative in the state legislature
in 1859 without opposition; in 1866 was
elected state senator for four years; and
was elected president of the senate. At
the end of two years he was re-elected
for a full term and was again elected
president of the senate. In 1874 he was
elected treasurer of the state, and served
by re-election more than eleven years.
In 1877 he became a member of the board
of managers of the state hospital for the
Insane; and in 1879 was made treasurer
of the board. In 1884 he was elected a
representative from Maryland to the
forty-ninth congress; and was re-elected
to the fiftieth, fifty-first and fifty-second
congresses.
COMPTON, ISAAC M., legislator, was
born March 30, 1832, in Hamilton county,
Ohio. In 1876 he was elected to the state
legislature; and re-elected in 1878. He
was the author of Compton's ventilation
bill.
COMSTOCK, ADDISON J., pioneer, was
born Oct. 17, 1802, in Palmyra, N. Y. In
1826 he built the first log house and saw
mill in Adrian, Mich.; and in 1828 laid
out the town of Adrian. He was ap
pointed postmaster in 1829, and in 1832,
with his father, projected the Erie and
Kalamazoo railroad. He was elected
mayor of Adrian in 1853. He died Jan. 20,
1867.
COMSTOCK, ANDREW, elocutionist,
author, was born in 1795 in New York.
He was a professor of elocution, a lecturer
on oratory, and is the author of a New
System of Phonetics, Phonetic Speaker,
Phonetic Testament; Reader; Historia
Sacra; and Elocution.
COMSTOCK, ANDREW WESTBROOK,
pioneer, lumber manufacturer, was born
Oct. 5, 1838, in Port Huron, Mich. He has
been mayor of Alpena, and is now presi
dent of the Alpena Banking Co., and a
partner in H. S. Robinson and Co., manu
facturers of boots and shoes, as well as in
a warehouse firm. His lumber firm oper
ate not only in Alpena but in Canada and
Mississippi.
COMSTOCK, CHARLES C., manufac
turer, congressman, was born March 5,
1818, in Sullivan, N. H. He was elected
mayor of Grand Rapids in 1863, and re-
elected in 1864. He was the democratic
candidate for governor of Michigan in
1870, the people's candidate for congress
in 1873, and the greenback candidate for
congress in 1878, but was defeated in
each instance. In 1884 he was elected a
representative from Michigan to the forty-
ninth congress.
COMSTOCK, CYRUS BALLOU, soldier,
civil engineer, author, was born Feb. 3.
1831, in West Wrentham, Mass. He is a
colonel of the engineer corps in the United
States army, and brevet major-general of
United States volunteers, who has made
a number of important government sur
veys. He is the author of Notes on
European Surveys; Surveys of the North
western Lakes; ami Primary Triangula-
tion of United States Lake Survey.
COMSTOCK, GEORGE CARLTON, law
yer, was born May 13, 1856, in New York
city. He is manager of several large
estates, and carries on an extensive court
practice. He is president of the B. S.
Comstock Manufacturing company, and
the Penobscot Granite company.
COMSTOCK, GEORGE CARY, astron
omer, was born Feb. 12, 1855, in Madison,
Wis. He received his education at the
university of Michigan; has gained prom
inence as a noted astronomer; and is
director of the Washburn observatory of
Madison, Wis.
COMSTOCK, GEORGE F., lawyer, jur
ist, was born Aug. 24, 1811, in Williams-
town, N. Y. He was appointed reporter of
the decisions of the court of appeals, and
published four volumes; and in 1852 was
appointed solicitor of the United States
treasury. In 1855 he was elected judge of
the court of appeals, remaining on the
bench until 1861, and was chief justice
during the last year. He was a member
of the state constitutional convention of
1867.
COMSTOCK, HELEN MARIA FIELD,
poet, philanthropist, was born Sept. 3,
1840, in Chesterfield, N. H. She attended
the public schools,
and the academy of
her native city. She
has been a writer for
the Chicago Tribune
and other leading
publications of the
east and west, and
her poems have been
i n c o r p o r ated in
Poets of America
k and other standard
• works. Her poems
have been collected
and published in a large volume, which
has called forth favorable comments from
the leading newspapers of the west.
COMSTOCK, JOHN HENRY, educator,
author, was born Feb. 24, 1849, in Janes-
ville, Wis. He is a professor of entomo
logy and general invertebrate zoology at
Cornell university; and the author of
Notes on Entomology; Report on Cotton
Insects; and Introduction to Entomology.
COMSTOCK, JOHN LEE, author, was
born in 1789 in Lyme, Conn. He was an
educational compiler of Hartford, among
whose many scientific text-books are The
Elements of Chemistry; Introduction to
Mineralogy; System of Natural Philos
ophy; History of the Precious Minerals;
and Natural History of Quadrupeds. He
wrote also A History of the Greek Revo
lution. He died Nov. 21, 1858, in Hart
ford, Conn.
COMSTOCK, OLIVER C., congressman,
was born in 1784. He was a member of
the New York assembly in 1810 and 1812;
a representative in congress from that
state from 1813 to 1819; and subsequently
officiated as chaplain of the house of
representatives. He died Jan. 11, 1860, in
Marshall, Mich.
COMSTOCK, SOLOMON G., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born May
9, 1842, in Argyle, Maine. He was county
attorney for Clay
county from 1872 to
1878; was elected a
representative to the
Minnesota legisla
ture in 1875-81; and
was state senator
from 1882 to 1888,
when he resigned.
He was elected to
the fifty-first con
gress as a republic
an; and was a mem
ber on several im
portant committees while in congress.
COMSTOCK, THEODORE BRYANT,
educator, author, was born July 27, 1849,
in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. He is a geolo
gist of distinction, professor in Illinois
university; and the author of Outlines of
General Geology; and Classification of
Rocks.
CONANT, ALBAN JASPER, artist,
archaeologist, author, was born Sept. 24,
1821, in Chelsea, Orange county, Vt. He
received a thorough
education at the
Randolph academy of
Vermont, and the
Goveneur Wesleyan
seminary. He was
curator of the state
university of Mis
souri through three
administrat ions —
eight years in all.
He was chairman of
the commission to
locate and establish
the school of Mines and Metallurgy under
the congressional land grant; and was
the Delegui correspondent for Missouri
of the Institution Ethnographi of Paris.
France. Mr. Conant is the author of
Footprints of Vanished Races in the Mis
sissippi Valley; Archaeology of the Mis
sissippi Valley; and other works. As an
artist and archaeologist he has attained
national prominence, and resides in New
York city.
CONANT, EDWARD, educator, author,
was born May 10, 1839, in Pomfret, Vt.
His educational work began in 1861 and
continued for fourteen years, and be
came state superintendent for Vermont.
He is the author of The Drill Book in
the Elements of the English Language;
and Conant's Vermont.
HKRRINQSHAW'S KNCYCLOPKDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
241
CONANT, MRS. HANNAH O'BRIEN,
author, was born in 1809 in Danvers,
Mass. She was an oriental scholar who
assisted her husband in his literary work,
made important translations from the
German of Strauss, Neander, and Uhden,
and was the author of History of the En
glish Bible: Popular History of English
Bible Translation; and The Earnest Man,
a sketch of Judson. the missionary. She
died Feb. 18, 1865, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
CONANT, MRS. HELEN, journalist, au
thor, was born Oct. 9, 1839, in Methuen,
Mass. She is a magazinist of New York
city; and the author of The Butterfly
Hunters; and Primers of German and
Spanish Literature.
CONANT, JOHN, manufacturer, legis
lator, was born in Ashburnham, Mass.
He represented the town of Brandon in
the legislature for many years, was a
member of the convention for revising the
constitution of the state, and a presiden
tial elector in 1840. He erected in Bran
don a large baptist seminary. He died
in 1856 in Brandon, Vt.
CONANT, SAMUEL STILLMAN, jour
nalist, author, was born Dec. 11, 1831, in
Waterville, Maine. He was a journalist
of New York, managing editor of Harper's
Weekly in 1869-85, and translator of Ler-
montoff 's Circassian Boy. He died in 1885.
CONANT, THOMAS JEFFERSON, cler
gyman, author, was born Dec. 13, 1802, in
Brandon, Vt. He was a baptist clergyman
who was one of the foremost Hebrew
scholars of his time. He was the author
of Baptism, Its Meaning and Its Use
Philologically and Historically Consid
ered. His editions of The Book of Job;
The Book of Proverbs; Genesis; Psalms;
Prophecies of Isaiah; Historical Books of
the Old Testament from Joshua to Sec
ond Kings; and The Gospel by Matthew,
constitute a scholar's version of the Scrip
tures, amply illustrated with critical and
philological notes. He died April 30, 1891,
in Brooklyn, N. Y.
CONARD. DAVID RUDOLPH, farmer,
surveyor, legislator, was born Feb. 5,
1811, in Lincoln county, N. C. In 1820 he
moved to Missouri; became justice of
the peace; county court judge during
1854-56; and state senator during 1866-70.
He died in 1890 in Bellinger county, Mo.
CONATY, THOMAS JAMES, Catholic
priest, was born Aug. 1, 1847, in Ireland.
He came to America with his parents in
1851; and received his education in the
public schools of Taunton, Mass. In
1869 he graduated from Montreal semi
nary, and was ordained priest in 1872.
From that time he filled various pastor
ates, and is now rector of the Catholic
university of Washington, D. C. He has
filled numerous positions of honor in
his church, and has contributed exten
sively to religious literature.
CONDE, SWIFTS, manufacturer, was
born April 2, 1844, in Oswego county,
N. Y. In 1867 he engaged in the manu
facture of knit goods in Oswego, and
through inventions and processes of his
own has developed a large and successful
industry. He has taken out about twenty-
five patents, all utilized in his own shops.
CONDICT, IRA, clergyman, was born
Feb. 21, 1764, in Orange, N. J. It was
chiefly through his efforts that Queen's
(now Rutgers) college, which had been
closed for several years, was reopened in
1807. In 1809 he was regularly appointed
professor of moral philosophy and vice-
president, having declined the presidency.
He died June 1, 1811, in New Brunswick,
N. J.
16
CONDICT, JOHN, surgeon, congress
man, United States senator, was born in
1755. He was a member of the New
Jersey legislature for several years; and
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1799 to 1803. He was a
senator in congress from 1803 to 1817; and
was again a representative during the
years 1819 and 1820. He died May 4,
1834, in Orange, N. J.
CONDICT, LEWIS, physician, congress
man, was born in March, 1773, in Morris-
town, N. J. He was a member of the New
Jersey legislature, the two latter years
officiating as speaker. In 1807 he was a
commissioner for settling the boundary
between New York and New Jersey. He
was a representative in congress from
1811 to 1817 and from 1821 to 1833; in
1841 was a presidential elector; and was
also at one time sheriff of Morris county.
He died May 26, 1862, in Morristown, N. J.
CONDICT, SILAS, congressman. He
was a delegate from New Jersey to the
continental congress from 1781 to 1784.
His son bearing the same name was a
representative in the federal congress.
CONDICT, SILAS, banker, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in 1777 in
Newark, N. J. He was a representative in
congress from New Jersey from 1831 to
1833; and was a member of the conven
tion which formed the state constitution
of 1844. He was for many years president
of the Newark Banking company; and
was frequently elected to the legislature
of New Jersey. He died Nov. 29, 1861, in
Newark, N. J.
CONDIE, DANIEL FRANCIS, physi
cian, author, was born May 12, 1796, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a physician and
medical writer of Philadelphia; and the
author of Course of Examination for Med
ical Students; Catechism of Health; Epi
demic Cholera; and Diseases of Children.
He died March 31, 1875, in Delaware
county, Pa.
GONE, HELEN GRAY, educator, au
thor, poet, was born March 8, 1859, in
New York city. She assisted Jeanette L.
Gilder in editing Pen Portraits of Liter
ary Women. She is the author of two
volumes of poems, entitled Oberon and
Puck, and The Ride of the Lady and
Other Poems.
CONE, ORELLO, author, college presi
dent, was born Nov. 16, 1835, in Line-
plain. N. Y. He was professor of biblical
languages in St. Lawrence university,
New York, during 1865-80; and since
1880 has been president of Brown col
lege. He is the author of Gospel Criti
cism and Historical Christianity; and
The Gospel and Its Earliest Interpreta
tions.
CONELY, EDWIN F., lawyer, state
legislator, was born Sept. 7, 1847, in New
York city. He moved to Michigan with
his parents when six years of age; re
ceived a thorough education; and gradu
ated from the law department of the
university of Michigan. During 1891-93
he was professor of law in the university
of Michigan. In 1877 he served as a repre
sentative in the Michigan state legis
lature. In 1880-92 he was a delegate to
the national democratic conventions; and
during 1890-96 he was a member of the
Detroit board of library commissioners.
For thirteen years he was connected with
the Michigan troops, and attained the
rank of colonel and president of the state
military board.
CONEY, PATRICK H., journalist, law
yer, was born March 10, 1848, in New-
bury, Vt. At the age of fifteen years he
^^^^^^^_ became a member of
^•j^^k the companies A and
^^^f^^^ H of the one hun
dred and eleventh
regiment, New York
M|. volunteer infantry,
from 1863-65; and in
l June of the latter
year was transferred
to company H,
fourth regiment New
York heavy artillery.
He was wounded in
front of Petersburg,
Va., on June 16, 1864; and in October
1864, he was detailed as dispatch bearer
for General Nelson A. Miles. In 1880 he
established the National Banner at To-
peka, Kan.; and became associated with
the Topeka Daily Capital, and in 1885 he
was admitted to the bar; practices his
profession at Topeka; and is now presi
dent of the Republican Silver Leaf of the
state. During the World's Columbian ex
position he was president of the Lapland
Exhibit company.
CONGAR, SAMUEL HAYES, antiquar
ian, was born Dec. 10, 1796, in Newark.
N. J. About 1845 he began his researches
among the genealogies of Newark fam
ilies, and soon became possessed of more
antiquarian and genealogical information
concerning the northern part of New Jer
sey, especially the county of Essex, than
any other person. His articles, many
of which were historically valuable, ap
peared principally in the Newark Daily
Advertiser. He also prepared the genea
logical notices of first settlers in the His
torical society's volume on the bicenten
nial of Newark. He died July 29, 1872,
in Newark, N. J.
CONGDON, CHARLES TABOR, jour
nalist, author, .was born April 7, 1821, In
New Bedford, Mass. He was a journalist
of New York city for some years on the
staff of the Tribune; and the author of
Tribune Essays; Reminiscences of a
Journalist; Recollections of a Reader;
and Autobiographical Papers. He died
Jan. 18, 1891, in New York city.
CONGDON, CHARLES TYLER, author,
was born Dec. 3, 1814, in Walton, N. Y.
He has published many popular biog
raphies and histories, and his books of
travel have been widely circulated. Nota
ble among his works are Napoleon and
His Marshals; and Washington and His
Generals.
CONGDON, CLEMENT HILLMAN,
journalist, was born July 25, 1868, in
Harrisburg, Pa. He has been manager
of the Western Union Telegraph office,
newspaper district, of Philadelphia; is
now president of The Century Syndicate;
president of The Sun company, presi
dent of The Packet System company; and
is the author of an elaborate History of
The Master Builders' Exchange.
CONGDON, OSSIAN M., lawyer, orator,
was born Dec. 21, 1872, in Lee county,
111. He graduated from the Northwest
ern university law school; and is now a
prominent lawyer of Dundee, 111. He has
attained prominence as an orator; and
has also contributed extensively to law
literature.
CONGER, CHAUNCY S., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist. He has been a member of
the Illinois legislature; and has filled the
positions of circuit and appellate judge
at Carmi. 111.
242
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CONGER, EDWIN KURD, soldier, law
yer, diplomat, congressman, was born
March 7, 1843, in Knox county, 111. He
enlisted in 1862 as a
private in company
I, one hundred and
second Illinois vol
unteer infantry, in
which he served
until the close of the
war, attaining the
rank of captain, and
receiving from the
president the brevet
of major for gallant
ami meritorious con
duct in the field. He
was elected treasurer of Dallas county In
1877 and re-elected in 1879; was elected
state treasurer of Iowa in 1880 and re-
elected in 1882. He was elected to the
forty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses as a republican. He was envoy
extraordinary and minister plenipoten
tiary of the United States of America to
Brazil, 1890-93; presidential elector at
large, Iowa, 1896; and minister to Brazil,
1897.
CONGER, HARMON S., congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New York from
1847 to 1851.
CONGER, JAMES L., farmer, congress
man, was born in New Jersey. He set
tled in Belvidere, Mich., as early as 1836;
was a successful farmer, and a brilliant
writer. He was elected a representative
in congress from 1851 to 1853.
CONGER, JOHN W., educator, college
president, was born Feb. 20, 1857, in Jack
son, Tenn. He has- been president of the
Odd Fellows' college of Humboldt, Tenn.;
president of Searcy college of Arkansas;
and is now the president of the Ouachita
Baptist college of Arkadelphia, Ark.
CONGER, OMAR DWIGHT, lawyer, jur
ist, United States senator, was born In
1818 in Cooperstown, N. Y. He was en
gaged in the geological survey of the
Lake Superior iron and copper region
from 1845 till 1847, and in 1848 became
a lawyer In Port Huron, Mich. He was
elected judge of the St. Clair county court
in 1850, an.d was a state senator from 1855
till 1861, being president pro tempore of
the senate in 1859. He was a presidential
elector on the republican ticket in 1864, a
member of the state constitutional con
vention in 1866, and a member of congress
from 1869 till 1881, when he was chosen
to the United States senate.
CONKLIN, JANE ELIZABETH DEX
TER, poet, was born July 7, 1831, in Utica,
N. Y. She is a great-granddaughter of
Gregor Grant, who
was a chieftain of
Clan Grant, who
came from Scotland
and entered the con
tinental army. Her
education was ac
quired in Utica and
Albany; and at the
early age of fourteen
a volume of her
poems was issued
from the press. Her
marriage in 1865 to
Cramer H. Conklin, a war veteran, led to
her removal to Binghamton. She has
taken a deep interest in all matters per
taining to the G. A. R., and for three
years served as president of the Relief
corps. She has attained a good reputation
as an elocutionist; and is the author of
three volumes of poems.
CONKLIN, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS,
journalist, naturalist, was born March 16,
1837, in New York city. He has been con
nected with Central park since 1858, and
director of the zoological department
since 1870. He possesses one of the most
complete libraries in the country on the
subjects of mammalia and ornithology.
He is editor of the Journal of Compara
tive Medicine and Surgery in New York,
and has written articles on natural his
tory for various periodicals.
CONKLIN, WILLIAM JUDKINS, phy
sician, was born Dec. 1, 1844, in Sidney,
Ohio. He was physician to the Dayton
hospital for the insane from 1869 till 1871,
and afterward became secretary of its
board of trustees. He was professor of
physiology in Starling Medical college,
Columbus, Ohio, from 1875 till 1878, and of
diseases of children from 1878 till 1884.
He is visiting surgeon to St. Elizabeth's
hospital, Dayton, and a member of vari
ous medical societies. He has contributed
frequently to medical journals, and has
published several monographs, including
History of the Discovery of the Circula
tion of the Blood.
CONKLING, ALFRED, jurist, author,
was born Oct. 12, 1789, in East Hampton,
N. Y. He was a jurist of New York whose
son was the noted statesman, Roscoe
Conkling. He was the author of Treatise
on Organization and Jurisdiction of Su
perior, Circuit, and District Courts; Ad
miralty Jurisdiction; Powers of the Ex
ecutive Department of the United States;
and Young Citizen's Manual. He died
Feb. 5, 1874, in Utica, N. Y.
CONKLING, ALFRED RONALD, law
yer, author, was born Sept. 28, 1850, in
New York city. He is a lawyer of New
York city; and the author of Appleton's
Guide to Mexico; City Government in
the United States; Handbook for Voters
in New York City; and Life of Roscoe
Conkling.
CONKLING, FREDERICK A., mer
chant, congressman, was born Aug. 22,
1816, in Montgomery county, N. Y. He
was a member of the assembly of New
York in 1854, 1859, and 1860; and was
elected a representative from New York
to the thirty-seventh congress. He died
Sept. 18, 1891, in New York city.
CONKLING (MRS. STEELE), MAR
GARET COCKBURN, author, was born
Jan. 27, 1814. She has published Me
moirs of the Mother and Wife of Wash
ington; Isabel, or Trials of the Heart;
and a translation of Florian's History of
the Moors of Spain.
CONKLING, ROSCOE, lawyer, states
man, was born Oct. 30, 1828, in Albany,
N. Y. He was appointed district attorney
for Oneida county;
in 1858 was elected
mayor of Utica, to
which place he had
removed in 1846; and
at the close of 1858
was elected a repre
sentative from New
York to the thirty-
sixth congress. He
was re-elected to the
thirty-seventh, thir
ty-eighth, thirty-
ninth and fortieth
congresses. In 1867 he was chosen a sen
ator in congress for the term ending in
1873. He was president of the republican
slate convention of 1867; and was re-
elected to the senate for the term ending
in 1879; and was also re-elected for the
term ending in 1885. He died April, 1888,
in New York.
CONLEY, BENJAMIN, merchant, gov
ernor, was born March 1, 1815, in Newark,
N. J. In 1869 he was elected state sen
ator and president of the senate; and in
1871-72 was elected governor of Georgia.
He died in 1885 in Atlanta, Ga.
CONLEY, ELI PHILIP, educator, was
born Aug. 25, 1868, in Smoketown, Pa.
He received his education in the schools
of his native county, and graduated from
the unester State Normal school. He has
been successful in educational work, and
is principal of schools at Parkesburg, Pa.
CONLEY, JOHN DIKEMAN, scientist,
was born Sept. 14, 1843, in Rockport, N. Y.
He was elected to the chair of chemistry
and natural sciences in Blackburn uni
versity, Carlinville, 111. He has published
a series of geological charts of all the
ages and epochs, illustrated with two hun
dred figures of characteristic fossils.
CONLEY, JOHN E., lawyer, was born
Sept. 7, 1868, in Warren, R. I. During
1889-91 he was clerk of committee on cor
poration in the Rhode Island house of
representatives; and in 1894 was clerk
of the house. Since 1892 he has been
secretary of the democratic state com
mittee; and was a delegate at large to
the democratic national convention in
1896. He is a prominent member of vari
ous secret organizations; and has a
successful law practice in his native city.
CONLEY, JOHN WESLEY, clergyman,
was born Nov. 20, 1852, in Cedar Rapids,
Iowa. He resigned his pastorate in 1892,
to accept the chair of missions in the
divinity school of the university of Chi
cago, and the presidency of city missions.
In 1893 he accepted a call to the First
Baptist church of St. Paul, Minn.
CONLEY, WILLIAM G., lawyer, editor,
politician, was born Jan. 8, 1866, in King-
wood, W. Va., of Scotch-Irish parentage.
He received a thor
ough education and
graduated from the
West Virginia uni
versity with the de
gree of LL. B. For
many years he was
engaged in educa
tional work, and has
been county superin
tendent of the free
schools of Preston
county, W. Va. He
was also mayor of
Parsons for one term. He is one of the
rising lawyers of his state, and is now
state's attorney for Tucker county, W.
Va. He is also the editor of the Par
sons City Advocate, and contributes ex
tensively to current literature. Mr. Conley
was a member of the congressional com
mittee of the second West Virginia dis
trict; chairman of the republican execu
tive committee of his county; and one
of the assistant secretaries of the St.
Louis convention that nominated McKin-
ley for president in 1896.
CONN, CHARLES GERARD, soldier,
manufacturer, congressman, was born in
1844, in Phelps, N. Y. In early boyhood
he moved with his parents to Elkhart,
Ind., where he has since resided. He
served throughout the civil war as a sol
dier in the union army. He is a successful
manufacturer of musical instruments,
which were awarded the highest honors
and the best diploma at the World's Col
umbian exposition. He has taken an ac
tive part in the public affairs of his adopt
ed state; and served with distinction as
a member of the fifty-third congress.
^ONN.^HERBERT WILLIAM, edu-
^iff"-8' *,?e,is a biol°£ist whose 'spe
cialty ,s the bacteriology of milk; and
has been instructor and professor of
biology at Wesleyan university sine 1884
He is the author of Evolution of To-Dav
Ihe Living World; and Whence It Camp
and Whither It is Drifting.
CONNELL, WILLIAM, congressman
was born Sept. 10, 1827, in Cape Breton'
He was placed in charge of the
mines of the Susquehanna and Wyoming
Valley Railroad and Coal company with
offices at Scranton; and in 1870, the'char-
;r of that company lapsing, he purchased
the plant with his savings and organized
the firm of William Connell and Co He
is president of the Third National 'bank
of bcranton, and has been prominent in
charitable and religious work. He was a
delegate to the republican national con
vention of 1896, and is a member of the
Pennsylvania republican committee He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
CONNELL, WILLIAM J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 6, 1846, in Can
ada. He received an academic education,
and for many years
was engaged in mer
cantile pursuits in
Massachusetts and
Vermont, and since
1867 has lived in
Omaha, Neb. In 1870
he was admitted to
the bar; was elected
district attorney in
1872, and received
the re-election two
years later. In 1883
he was appointed
city attorney of Omaha, and held that
office for four years. While in that posi
tion he saved Omaha nearly a million dol
lars by his successful defense of suits for
damages, and by his sound legal advice
on important questions. In 1888 he was
elected to the fifty-first United States con-
ress, and has served on numerous im
portant committees. In 1890 he was de
feated for congress by William J. Bryan
Since 1892 he has been city attorney of
Omaha.
CONNELLY, MRS. CELIA LOGAN
journalist, dramatist, was born in 1839
Pennsylvania. She is a journalist and
Playwright of Washington; and the au
thor of An American Marriage.
CONNELLY, EMMA M., author, was
born in 18— in Kentucky. She is a writer
)f New York city; and the author of Un
der the Surface; Tilting at Wind Mills, a
btory of the Blue Grass Country; and
Ihe Story of Kentucky.
CONNELLY, HENRY, governor, was
oorn in Virginia. He moved to Kansas
and in 1861 was appointed governor of the
territory of New Mexico, residing in
>anta Fe, and remaining in office until
lobo.
HEHH,N08HAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
maT^a^born™ °" S°'dier' congress-
as a lieutenant, and served6 unTu^th" close
of he war; and upon the reorganization
)f the army in 1866 was appointed a cap-
n VPV^ 6 f°rty-first infantry, and served
in fexas. He was elected to the forty-
nrst anrl fm-tv-oo™,,.} „. ~ * ;•*_
CONNER, SAMUEL S., soldier con
gressman was born in New Hampshire
«e was a lieutenant-colonel in the United
States army m 1812. He was a repre-
fronf «iY? C,°finJlre8S fr°m Massachusetts
S15 to 1817; and held the office of
Dec 7y0lStnenera^n.0hio in 1819' He died
'ec. 7, 1820, in Covington, Ky.
CONNERS, MARIA W., poet. She is
tne author of a volume of poems en-
A Wreath of Maple Leaves. For
lany years she was a resident of Wash
ington, and was there known as the Puget
bound poetess.
CONNESS, JOHN, merchant, state leg-
slator, congressman, was born Sept 20
821, in Ireland. He was elected to the
state legislature, and was re-elected three
times In 1859 he was candidate for lieu
tenant-governor of California, and in 1861
candidate for governor. In 1863 he was
elected a senator in congress from Cali
fornia, for the term ending in 1869
CONNOLLY, DANIEL WARD, lawyer
i«7 '• co"gressman, was born April II'
847 in Cohocton, N. Y. Upon the or-
wannf'i'n °f ^ DeW C°Unt^ °f ^a<*a-
^dgA,,but the> state w»J>«me cPorurtdde-
?±llh..e.re..was no vacancy. He was an
243
CONNOR, SELDEN, soldier, educator
was born Jan. 25, 1839, in Fairfleld Maine'
He enlisted in 1860 as a private in a Ver
mont regiment. He subsequently became
lieutenant-colonel of a Maine regimen™
was promoted to the rank of colon! was
severely wounded in the bat IP nf t
Wilderness in 1864; and was then made 1
brigadier-general. In 1868 he was
ETim En affeSS°r °f internal Avenue*"
ami in 31?7'°lleCt0r °f internal revenue
'
and in 1882 was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the forty-
eighth congress.
CONNOLLY, JAMES AUSTIN soldi,
lawyer, congressman, wa '
brevet lieutenant-coloneY" ^e
served as a member of the Illinois hous!
of representatives in 1873-75; and wal
United States attorney for the southern
district of Illinois from 1876 to 1885 and
togathe fiTy-fourth0 and3' ^ ™sel*^
fifty-fifth congress as a republican. ^
CONNOLLY, WILLIAM J., farmer edu-
itnr «Mte legislator, was born Feb 27
Washington, Ohio. He taught
school for fifteen years, and in 1888 89
was in the railway mail 'service He was
a member of the seventy-second general
assembly of Ohio as a democrat
CONNER, DAVID, naval officer was
born in 1792 in Harrisburg, Pa He In-
KnAC°Unting-house in Philadelphia
n 1806 became a midshipman in the navy
£r? ?« fhnd' af- aCting '^tenant, took
i the action between the Hornet
20 US? ?ea™?k> 1813- He died March
M, 1856, m Philadelphia, Pa.
CONNER, JAMES, typefounder, was
born April 22, 1798, in Hyde Park, N Y
e did much for the art of printing, in
venting among other things a new kind
E type called agate, and a process for pro
ducing matrices for casting type by chem
ical precipitation. He died in May 1861
m New York city.
CONNOR, HENRY W
was born in August, 1793 in r
county, Va. He was aid-de-camp to Gel!
eral Joseph Graham in the Creek wa?-
NWthan a r,ePre?entative in congress from
North Carolina from 1821 to 1841, when he
declined a re-election. In 1848 he served
m the general assembly; and declined a
died Jan- 15- 1866- in
CONNOR PATRICK EDWARD, sol
dier, journalist, was born March 17 1820
m Ireland. He served in the Florida waV
and also in the Mexican war. In 1863 he
was commissioned a brigadier-general"
and at the close of the war was brevetted
major-general. He located the first silver
mine in Utah; wrote the first mining
law; introduced navigation on the Great
Salt lake; built the first silver-lead smelt
ing works; and founded the town of
btockton.
CONNOR, WASHINGTON EVERETT
financier, was born Dec. 15, 1849 in New
York city^ Having attracted the "notice oT
hir wHUh ' M-r' Connor was entrusted by
him with various commissions, which he
executed with brilliant energy and I entire
DrtpT- ?6 Sreat fina™er w3as a com
petent judge of men, and, in 1881 he
formed a partnership with the ycW
broker, under the name of W. E Connor
and Co., and, in time, pleased with his
adroitness, energy and audacity, admitted
him to intimate friendship. George J
Gou d became a member of the fmn upon •
attaining his majority. For many years
both before and after 1881, Mr. Connor
was the confidential representative of
Jay Gould and was intrusted with the
management of many important opera
tions m Wall street. He was also a
favorite broker of Russell Sage and other
leading capitalists in Wall street Dur
ing recent years, Mr. Connor has gained
an interest in the Louisville, New Albany
and Chicago and the Wheeling and Lake
Krie railroads, and various other corpora
tions, and devoted himself to improving
his properties.
CONNOVER, SIMON BARCLAY phy
sician, United States senator, was born
Sept. 23, 1840, in Middlesex county N J
He was appointed assistant surgeon in the
army of the Cumberland, in 1863, and sta
tioned at Nashville, Tenn.; after sev
eral promotions, was ordered to Lake City
Fla., in 1866, and shortly afterward re
signed his commission. He was a mem
ber of the convention which framed the
state constitution in 1868; was appointed
state treasurer; was a member of the
Chicago convention in 1868; and was ap
pointed a member of the national repub
lican committee, on which he served four
years. He was elected to the state legis
lature from the county of Leon, and pre
sided over that body. He was elected to
the United States senate for the term
commencing in 1873 and ending in 1879.
CONRAD, CHARLES M., soldier, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
m 1804 in Winchester, Va. He served a
number of years in the state legislature-
was a senator in congress in 1842 and
1843; and was a member of the state con-
titutional convention in 1844. He was a
representative in congress from Louisiana
from 1849 to 1850, when he became secre
tary of war under President Fillmore
! served in the southern rebellion as a
brigadier-general. He died Feb. 11 1878
in New Orleans, La.
CONRAD, F., abbot, was born in 18^
in Switzerland. Having receded direc-
£ ? TTn°it0H nd a m°nastery of his orderTn
for tVf S ates in 1873' he embarked
for this country and founded the Bene-
dictme monastery of New Engleberg, at
Conception, Mo., which was erected into
an abbey in 1881. In 1885 Father Conrad
was chosen as its first abbot.
CONRAD, FREDERICK, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1803 to 1807.
244
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OB" AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CONRAD, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
clergyman, journalist, wa<? born Jan. 3,
1816, in Orwigsburg, Pa. He received a
thorough education, and graduated from
the Mount Airy college of Germantown,
Pa.; and subsequently from the Theo
logical seminary of Gettysburg. He has
been a successful pastor of Lutheran
churches in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and
Ohio; and for several years was pro
fessor of modern languages at the Witten-
burg college of Springfield, Ohio. He is
the editor of the Lutheran Observer of
Philadelphia, Pa., and a trustee of the
Lutheran Publication society. He is the
author of The Lutheran Doctrine of Bap
tism; Analysis of Luther's Small Cate
chism; The Evangelical Lutheran Church;
The Call to the Ministry; and The Li
turgical Question.
CONRAD. GEORGE~ELIHU, lawyer,
was born March 22, 1852, in Bollinger
county, Mo. He graduated from the Mis
souri State university, and has received
the degrees of bachelor of arts, bachelor
of pedagogics, and bachelor of laws. In
1885-86 he was prosecuting attorney of his
county;" and has attained prominence as
an able lawyer of Marble Hill, Mo.
CONRAD, HENRY CLAY, lawyer, was
born April 25, 1852, in Bridesberg, Pa. He
was elected president of the city council
of Wilmington in 1882; and for ten years
from 1880 acted as United States chief
supervisor of elections of the district of
Delaware.
CONRAD. JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1813 to 1815.
CONRAD, JOSEPH SPEED, soldier,
was born Aug. 23, 1833, in Ithaca, N. Y.
He received three brevets, as major, lieu
tenant-colonel, and colonel of volunteers.
CONRAD, ROBERT TAYLOR, lawyer,
jurist, poet, was born June 10, 1810, in
Philadelphia. Pa. He was a lawyer of
Philadelphia and
mayor of that city
in 1854, who was
once noted as a dra
matic poet. He was
the author of Ayl-
mere, or the Bond-
m a n of Kent, a
tragedy in which
Jack Cade is the
chief figure, a role
in which Edwin Por-
I rest was very suc
cessful. Conrad of
Naples, another tragedy, had also a meas
ure of popularity. He died June 27, 1858,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
CONRAD, TIMOTHY ABBOTT, con-
chologist, author, was born in August,
1803, in New Jersey. He was a conchol-
ogist who published Fossil Shells of the
Tertiary Formations of North America;
New Fresh-Water Shells of the United
States; Miocene Shells of the United
States; and Palaeontology of State of New
York. He died Aug. 9, 1877, in Trenton,
N. J.
CONRAD. WILLIAM, clergyman, was
born Aug. 11, 1808, in Pennsylvania. He
was one of the founders of Westmoreland
college, Mount Pleasant, Pa., to which he
presented his large collection of geologi
cal specimens, was a frequent contributor
to religious journals, and published a vol
ume on Baptism. He died Feb. 16, 1865.
CONRAD, WILLIAM GEORGE, banker,
was born Aug. 3, 1848, in Clarke county,
Va. He is principal owner and president
of the Connell Coal company, of Scranton.
In 1872 he founded the Third National
bank of Scranton.
CONSTABLE, ALBERT, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in Maryland. He
was a presidential elector in 1832; was
a representative in congress from 1845 to
1847; and elected judge of the circuit
court of Maryland in 1851. He died in
September, 1855, in Camden, N. J.
CONSTIEN, WILLIAM WALLACE,
clergyman, was born Sept. 10, 1869, in
Lancaster, Pa. He graduated from the
Ohio Wesleyan university, and from the
Boston university, and has received the
degrees of A. B. and A. M. He has at
tained distinction as a successful cler
gyman of the methodist episcopal church,
has filled pastorates in Toledo and Bowl
ing Green, Ohio, and now fills a pastorate
in Pemberville.
CONTEE, BENJAMIN, clergyman, was
born in 1755 in Maryland. He became a
clergyman of the protestant episcopal
church. In 1776 he was an officer in the
third Maryland battalion. He was a
member of the • continental congress in
1787-88, and was elected to the first con
gress under the constitution, in which
body he voted in 1790 for establishing the
seat of government on the Potomac. Sub
sequently he became the presiding judge
of the Charles county, Md., testamentary
court. He died Nov. 3, 1815, in Charles
county, Md.
CONTEMO, OTTAVIO D., soldier, musi
cian, was born Sept. 29, 1835, in France.
During the civil war he was a captain
in the volunteer army of the United
States. He has been a bandmaster in the
United States army, and a custom house
officer at Wilmington, Cal. He is major
of the first regiment Union Battlefield
Veterans' association of San Jose, Cal.,
where he is a music teacher and band
master of the fifth regiment band.
CONVERSE, AMASA, clergyman, jour
nalist, was born in 1795 in Virginia. He
founded the Christian Observer, a pres-
byterian weekly organ of old-school doc
trine and southern political sympathies.
When the civil war began he removed
his paper to Richmond, Va., and after the
war to Louisville, Ky., where it contin
ued to be the organ and exponent of the
southern presbyterian church. He died
Dec. 9, 1872, in Louisville, Ky.
CONVERSE, CHARLES CROZAT, mus
ical composer, was born in 1834, in War
ren, Mass. His musical compositions
have appeared under the anagrammatic
pen-names C. 0. Nevers, Karl Reden, and
E. C. Revons. He has published a can
tata; New Method for the Guitar; Musi
cal Bouquet; The One Hundred and Twen
ty-sixth Psalm; Sweet Singer; Church
Singer; and Sayings of Sages.
CONVERSE, ELISHA, manufacturer,
was born July 28, 1820, in Boston, Mass.
He is considered by those who know him
the best financier in the state of Mon
tana. He was the first mayor of Fort
Benton and territorial senator.
CONVERSE, GEORGE L., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born June 4,
1827, in Georgesville, Ohio. He was a
member of the state house of representa
tives from 1860 to 1863; state senator in
1864 and 1865; again in the lower house
of the legislature from 1873 to 1876, serv
ing as speaker in 1873 and 1874; and was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
forty-sixth, forty-seventh and forty-eighth
congresses.
CONVERSE, MRS. HARRIET, author,
poet, was born in 1846 in Elmira, N. Y.
She is a writer of poetry and prose in
New York city, and the author of Sheaves,
a collection of verses; The Religious Fes
tivals of the Iroquois Indians; and Myth
ology and Folk-Lore of the North Ameri
can Indian.
CONVERSE, JOEL NEWTON, physi
cian, railroad builder, was born Dec. 13,
1820, in Madison county, Ohio. In 1864
he began the build
ing of the road from
Union City to Lo-
gansport, Ind., which
was completed i n
1865. Of this line
he was president and
general superintend
ent until he resigned
in 1870. He began
the contract of build
ing the Midland
Pacific railway, ex
tending from Ne
braska City via Lincoln to some point on
the Union Pacific.
CONVERSE, JULIUS, governor, was
born in 1799 in Stafford, Conn. He was
governor of Vermont from 1872 to 1874.
He died Aug. 18, 1885.
CONWAY, ELIAS N., governor. He
was governor of Arkansas for eight years
from 1860 to 1868.
CONWAY, HENRY W., congressman,
was born in Greene county, Tenn. He
was a delegate to congress from the ter
ritory of Arkansas from 1823 to 1829.
CONWAY, JAMES S.( governor. He
was governor of Arkansas from 1836 to
1840, having been the first elected under
the state constitution.
CONWAY, JOHN WILLIAM, journalist,
poet, was born June 22, 1851, in Portage-
ville, N. Y. He graduated from the Iowa
State Agricultural college, and was sub
sequently deputy recorder of Allamakee
county, Iowa. He is the editor and owner
of the Champion of Norton, Kan., and
is the author of many poems of merit.
CONWAY, KATHERINE ELEANOR,
journalist, poet, was born in 1853 in New
York. She is a journalist of Boston, on
the editorial staff of the Pilot, and the
author of Songs of the Sunrise Slope; A
Dream of Lilies, a volume of poems; A
Lady and Her Letters; and Making
Friends and Keeping Them.
CONWAY, MARTIN F., printer, lawyer,
congressman, was born about 1803 in
Charleston, S. C. He took part in orig
inating the National Typographical union.
He was elected to the council of the first
territorial legislature; under the Topeka
convention was chosen chief justice of the
supreme court; and in 1856 was presi
dent of the Leavenworth constitutional
convention. In 1859 he was elected a rep
resentative from Kansas to the thirty-
seventh congress. He died Feb. 17, 1882.
CONWAY, MONCURE DANIEL, clergy
man, lecturer, author, was born March 17,
1832, in Stafford county, Va. He is a Uni
tarian clergyman of extremely radical
views, who has for many years been in
charge of a congregation in London. He
has been a prolific writer in several fields,
the larger number of his writings being
The Rejected Stone; Idols and Ideals;
Demonology and Devil Lore; The Wan
dering Jew; Sketch of Carlyle; The Earth
ward Pilgrimage; Sacred Anthology, a
compilation; Emerson at Home and
Abroad; George Washington and Mount
Vernon; Omitted Chapters in Life and
Letters of Edmund Randolph; Life of
Thomas Paine; Tracts for To-Day;
Natural History of the Devil; The Gold
en Hour; Testimonies Concerning Slav
ery; Human Sacrifices in England; Les
sons for the Day; Travels in South Ken
sington; A Necklace of Stories; Pine and
Palm, a novel; and Prisms of Air, a
novel.
IIKHKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
245
CONWAY, THOMAS, soldier, was born
Feb. 27, 1733, in Ireland. He was a brig
adier-general in the revolutionary war.
He was obnoxious to Washington, and
out of Conway's anger against Washing
ton grew the Conway cabal.
CONWELL, RUSSELL H., clergyman,
author, was born in 1842 in Massachu
setts. He is a baptist clergyman of Phil
adelphia, and the author of Why the
Chinese Emigrate; Woman and the Law;
Life of President Hayes; Life of Bayard
Taylor; Life of President Garfield; and
Joshua Giavencola, the Captain of the
Vineyards of Lucerna.
CONY, SAMUEL, state legislator, jurist,
governor, was born Feb. 27, 1811, in Au
gusta, Maine. He was a member of the
Maine legislature in 1835 and 1862; mem
ber of the council in 1839; and judge of
probate from 1840 to 1847. He was
state treasurer from 1850 to 1855; mayor
of Augusta in 1854, and governor of Maine
from 1864 to 1867. He died Sept. 5, 1870,
in Augusta, Maine.
CONYNGHAM, DAVID POWER, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1840 in Ire
land. He was a New York journalist,
and editor of The Tablet, and the author
of Sherman's March Through the South;
Lives of the Irish Saints and Martyrs;
The Irish Brigade and Its Campaigns.
In fiction: Sarsfleld, or the Last Great
Struggle for Ireland; The O'Donnells of
Glen Cottage; O'Mahoney, Chief of the
Commeraghs; and Rose Parnell, the
Flower of Avondale. He died in 1883.
CONYNGHAM, JOHN BUTLER, soldier,
was born in 1827. While a prisoner at
Charleston he was one of the number se
lected as hostages to be shot in case of a
bombardment of the city by our forces.
In 1871 he was brevetted major and lieu
tenant-colonel for gallant service in the
fleld. During his term of service in the
regular army he was mostly employed on
the Indian frontier. He died May 27, 1871,
in Wilkesbarre, Pa.
COOK, ALBERT JOHN, naturalist, au
thor, was born Aug. 30, 1842, in Owasso,
Mich. He was a professor of zoology at
Michigan Agricultural college, and the au
thor of Injurious Insects of Michigan;
and Manual of the Apiary.
COOK, ALBERT STANBURROUGH,
educator, author, was born March 6,
1853, in Montville, N. J. In 1879-81 he
was associate in English in the Johns
Hopkins university; was professor of
English language and literature in the
university of California during 1882-89,
and since 1889 has filled the same chair
in the Yale university of New Haven,
Conn. In 1897 he became president of the
Modern Language association of Amer
ica. He has edited Siever's Old English
Grammar; Judith, an Old English Epic
Fragment; and Sidney's Defence of Poesy.
COOK, BURTON C., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born May 11, 1819,
in Monroe county, N. Y. He was elected
state's attorney for the ninth circuit in
1846, for two years, and was re-elected, in
1848, for four years. He was a member of
the state senate from 1852 to 1860, and in
1864 was elected a representative from
Illinois to the thirty-ninth congress, and
re-elected to the fortieth and forty-first
congresses as a union republican.
COOK, CLARENCE CHATHAM, jour
nalist, author, was born Sept. 8, 1828, in
Dorchester, Mass. He is an art critic of
New York city, and editor of The Studio.
He has edited Liibke's History of Art,
and published also The House Beautiful;
Essays on Beds and Tables, Stools and
Candlesticks; and The Central Park.
COOK. DANIEL P., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1795 in Scott county,
K,y. He moved to the territory of Illinois
in 1815; and was the first attorney-gen
eral of the state of Illinois. During 1820-
27 he represented Illinois in congress,
and was considered by such men as Mr.
Calhoun and Judge McLean as a man of
remarkable talents. He died Oct. 16, 1827.
COOK, FREDERICK WASHINGTON,
legislator, railroad president, was born
Feb. 1, 1832, in Washington, D. C. He
was elected as representative from Van-
derburg county to the legislature of In
diana. In this capacity he served during
the called session of 1864, and also dur
ing the regular session of 1864-65. He is
president of the Evansville Suburban and
Newburg railway, at Evansville, Ind.
COOK, GEORGE HAMMELL, educator,
author, was born Jan. 5, 1818, in Han
over, N. J. He was a professor of geology
at Rutgers college and state geologist,
whose only published work is The Geo
logy of New Jersey. He died Sept. 22,
1889, in New Brunswick, N. J.
COOK, JOEL, journalist, author, was
born in 1842, in Pennsylvania. He is a
Philadelphia journalist, and financial edi
tor of the Public Ledger. He is the au
thor of Brief Summer Rambles near Phil
adelphia; An Eastern Tour at Home; A
Holiday Tour in Europe; England, Pic
turesque and Descriptive; and The Siege
of Richmond.
COOK, JOHN, soldier, legislator, was
born June 12, 1826, in Belleville, 111. In
1854 he was elected mayor of Springfield,
111.; two years later became sheriff of
Sangamon county, and in 1858 was ap
pointed quartermaster-general of Illinois.
He became a general during the civil war.
In 1868 he was a member of the Illinois
state legislature, and was instrumental
in securing the second appropriation for
the erection of the new state house.
COOK, JOHN C., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 26, 1846, in Sen
eca county, Ohio. He settled in Iowa;
and in 1878 was elected judge of the sixth
judicial district. He was elected a rep
resentative from Iowa to the forty-seventh
congress.
COOK, JOHN P., congressman, was
born in New York. On taking up his
residence in Iowa, he was elected a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1853 to 1855.
COOK, JOHN WILLISTON, educator,
college president, was born April 20, 1846,
in Oneida county, N. Y. He graduated
from the Illinois State university, in
which institution he was an instructor
from 1868-90, when he was appointed
president.
COOK, JOSEPH, lecturer, author, was
born Jan. 26, 1838, near Ticonderoga, N.
Y. In 1874 he began a series of Monday
lectures in Boston,
Mass., on the rela
tions of religion and
science; and subse
quently delivered
them in the princi
pal cities of the
United States. He
has lectured through
out the principal
countries of Europe,
and in India, China,
Japan, Australia, and
the Sandwich Isl
ands. His published works, comprising
his lectures, carefully written out, have
been very successful, some of which have
passed through as many as sixteen
editions. His works are Boston Monday
Lectures, in ten volumes; and Current Re
ligious Perils, with Other Addresses on
Leading Reforms.
COOK, MARC, journalist, author, poet,
was born in 1854 in Rhode Island.
He was a journalist of New York, and
the author of The Wilderness Cure; and
Vandyke Brown Poems. He died Oct. 4,
3882, in Utica, N. Y.
COOK, MARTHA ELIZABETH DUN
CAN WALKER, author, poet, was born
July 23, 1806. She was a good lin
guist, and translated several works from
the German and French. Among these
were Liszt's Life of Chopin, translated
from the French; The Undivine Comedy,
and Other Poems, by Count Sigismund
Krasinski, translated from the Polish
through the German and French; and
Life of Joan of Arc. She died Sept. 15,
1874, in Hoboken, N. J.
COOK, MAY AMY, pianist, was born
Dec. 4, 1869, in Paw Paw, Mich. She has
studied under private teachers, and spent
three years in Berlin during 1891-94. She
has attained prominence as a concert
pianist; was organist at the First Meth
odist church of Portland, Ore., during
1889-91; and now gives recitals and piano
instruction in that city.
COOK, ORCHARD, merchant, con
gressman. He was a merchant by occu
pation, and for some years sheriff of
Lincoln county, Mass. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Massachusetts
from 1805 to 1811.
COOK, PHILIP, soldier, state senator,
congressman, was born July 31, 1817, In
Twiggs county, Ga. He was elected to
the state senate in 1859, 1860 and 1863. He
entered the confederate service in 1861 as
a private, and rose to be brigadier-gen
eral. He was a member of the state con
vention of 1865, and was elected to the
thirty-ninth congress, but not allowed to
take his seat. He was elected to the
forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses as a
democrat.
COOK, RICHARD BRISCOE, clergy
man, author, was born in 1838, in Mary
land. He is a baptist clergyman of Wil
mington, Del., and the author of The
Story of the Baptists in All Ages and
Countries.
COOK, RUSSELL S., clergyman, was
born March 16, 1811, in New Marlborough,
Mass. He devoted himself to the service
of the American Tract society; in 1839
was appointed one of its corresponding
secretaries, and labored as such for eight
een years in New York city. He died
Sept. 4, 1864, in Pleasant Valley, N. Y.
COOK, SAMUEL A., soldier, farmer,
manufacturer, congressman, was born Jan.
28, 1849, in Ontario. He enlisted as a
private in company A, second Wisconsin
cavalry, served under General Custer, and
was mustered out at the close of the war.
He engaged in manufacturing, and moved
to Neenah, Wis., in 1881. He was elected
mayor of Neenah in 1889, and a member of
the state legislature in 1891-92. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
COOK, SETH, miner, was born in 1830,
in Byron, N. Y. He was among the first
of the men to establish themselves on the
Comstock ledge, and with his brother
Daniel made a great deal of money in 1886
in the Crown Point deal. He obtained
control of the Standard mine at Bodie,
and finally returning to the Comstock
ledge, became controlling owner of the
Alta group of mines at the southern end
pf the lode. He also had mines on Max
well creek and large interests in land, in
cluding a stock ranch in Contra Costa
county.
246
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COOK, THEODORE PEASE, soldier,
journalist, poet, was born Dec. 21, 1844,
in Boston, Mass. He entered the army
at the age of eighteen and served through
the civil war, being finally on the staff
of Gen. John C. Robinson. He was grad
uated at Columbia law school in 1867, but
devoted himself to journalism in Utica.
During the presidential canvass of 1876
he wrote the Lives of Tilden and Hen-
dricks. The best known of his poems
are Blue-Beard and An Ode for Decoration
Day.
COOK, WILLIAM HENRY, physician,
author, was born in 1832, in New York.
He is a physician of Cincinnati, and the
author of Physio-Medical Surgery; Wo
man's Book of Health; Physio-Medical
Dispensatory; Spermatorrhoea; and Sci
ence and Practice of Medicine.
COOK, ZADOCK, congressman, was
born in 1769. He was frequently in the
legislature of Georgia; and was a repre
sentative in congress from 1817 to 1819.
COOK, ZEBEDEE, legislator, insurance
manager, was born Jan. 11, 1786, in New-
buryport, Mass. He was among the first
to introduce into this country the system
known as mutual insurance. He was made
president in 1822 of the Eagle Insurance
company, and held the office until 1828.
During the next ten years he developed
his ideas so thoroughly that in 1838 he
was invited to New York to become presi
dent of the Mutual safety insurance com
pany. By his efforts the Isabella grape
was introduced into New England. He
procured the cuttings and began the cul
ture. He served in the Massachusetts
legislature from 1835 till 1839. He died
Jan. 24, 1858, in Pramingham, Mass.
COOKE, ANSON S., farmer, educator,
legislator, was born Aug. 13, 1849, in Lake
county, 111. In his youth he taught school
and in 1872 settled in Kansas, where he
was elected a state senator from the thir
ty-third district.
COOKE, AUGUSTUS PAUL, naval offi
cer, was born Feb. 10, 1836, in Coopers-
town, N. Y. He served in the navy dur
ing the civil war, and rose to the rank of
lieutenant-colonel. In 1890 he was or
dered to New York as president of the
board of inspection of merchant vessels.
He retired from service in 1892.
COOKE, BATE, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1831 to 1833; from 1839 to
1841 held the office of comptroller of New
York, and was bank commissioner in
1840. He died in 1841.
COOKE, MRS. DORCAS F., poet, was
born May 25, 1839, in Somerset county,
Maine. In 1888 she published, in con
junction with Mrs. Julia Ellen Jenkins,
a volume of poems entitled Memories.
COOKE, EDWARD, clergyman, edu
cator, college president, was born Jan.
19, 1812, in Bethlehem, N. H. From 1864
till 1874 he was principal of the Wesleyan
academy at Wilbraham, Mass., and from
that year till 1884 president of Claflin uni
versity and State Agricultural college at
Orangeburg, S. C.
COOKE, EDWARD DEAN, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 17, 1849, in Cascade, Iowa. He was
elected a representative in the Illinois
legislature in 1882 as a republican, and
was a member of the judiciary commit
tee and committee on banks and banking
and chairman of the committee on elec
tions. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
congress from what Is known as the
North Side district in the city of Chica
go and re-elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress.
COOKE, ELEUTHEROS, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 25, 1787, in Gran-
ville, N. Y. He was a representative in
congress from Ohio from 1831 to 1833, and
served for many years in the legislature
of that state before and after entering
congress. He died Dec. 27, 1865, in San-
dusky, Ohio. He was the father of the
distinguished bankers, Jay, Pitt, and
Henry D. Cooke.
COOKE, GEORGE WILLIS, clergyman,
lecturer, author, was born April 23, 1848,
in Comstock, Mich. He is a Unitarian
clergyman of Lexington, Mass., who has
done much excellent work in criticism,
and has attained prominence as a lec
turer. He is the author of George Eliot,
a Critical Study; Ralph Waldo Emerson:
his Life, Writings, and Philosophy; Poets
and Problems, Studies of Tennyson, Rus-
kin, and Browning; Guide Book to
Browning; and The Clapboard Trees Par
ish, Dedham, a History.
COOKE, HENRY D.. journalist, mer
chant, was born Nov. 23, 1825, in San-
dusky City, Ohio. The idea of a steam
ship line from New York to California by
way of Panama was suggested by him.
He subsequently resided in California;
had much to do with the shipping of the
Pacific, and was the first to announce,
through a despatch from the military gov
ernor of California to Washington, the
discovery of gold in the Sacramento Val
ley. He returned to the east, and was as
sociated with the United States Gazette,
Sandusky Register, and the Ohio State
Journal; was a presidential elector in
1856; in 1861 became a partner in the
house of Jay Cooke and Co.; frequently
visited Europe on business; and in 1870
was appointed the first governor of the
District of Columbia, which office he re
signed in 1873. He was the son of Eleu-
theros Cooke, a distinguished orator and
congressman, and brother of Jay Cooke,
the eminent financier. He died Dec. 29,
1881, in Georgetown, D. C.
COOKE, ISABELLE W., artist, poet,
was born March 15, 1834, in Meriden,
Conn. She is an instructor in painting
and drawing and the author of a volume
of poems entitled Tears and Victory.
COOKE, J. EDMUND V., author, poet,
was born June 5, 1866, in Canada. He has
attained prominence as a lecturer and
platform reader of his own writings. He
is the author of A Patch of Pansies, a
volume of his collected poems.
COOKE, JAY, financier, was born Aug.
10, 1821, in Sandusky, Ohio. In 1861 he
started the banking firm of Jay Cooke and
Company; is the owner of Ogontz college,
and also owns Gibraltar Island and its
beautiful mansion.
COOKE, JOHN ESTEN, lawyer, author,
was born Nov. 3, 1830, in Winchester, Va.
He was a noted Virginia author who
served in the confederate army during the
civil war. He wrote much historical fic
tion. The Virginia Comedians being the
most famous of his romances. He was the
author of Leather Stocking and Silk;
The Youth of Jefferson; Surry of Eagle's
Nest; Wearing the Gray; My Lady Poka-
hontas; Henry St. John, reissued as Bon-
nybel Vane; Mohun, or the Last Days of
Lee and His Paladins; Her Majesty the
Queen; Pretty Mrs. Gaston; Stories of
the Old Dominion; The Maurice Mystery;
Mr. Grantley's Idea; Professor Pressen-
see; Virginia Bohemians; Hammer and
Rapier; Hilt to Hilt, include the greater
part of his work in fiction. He wrote also
Life of General Lee; Stonewall Jackson,
a Biography; and Virginia, a History of
the People. He died Sept. 27, 1886, in
Boyce. Va.
COOKE, JOSEPH P., congressman, was
born in 1730. He was a delegate from
Connecticut to the continental congress
from 1784 to 1788. He died in 1816, in
Danbury, Conn.
COOKE, JOSIAH PARSONS, chemist,
author, was born Oct. 12, 1827, in Boston,
Mass. He was a chemist of distinction
who was professor of chemistry at Har
vard university from 1850, and lectured in
many places on scientific topics. He was
the author of Religion and Chemistry;
Scientific Culture; Elements of Chemical
Physics; Chemical Problems and Reac
tions; Principles of Chemical Philosophy;
The New Chemistry; The Credentials of
Science the Warrant of Faith; and Labor
atory Practice. He died in 1894.
COOKE, MARTIN WARREN, lawyer,
author, was born March 2, 1840, in White
hall, N. Y. He has been practitioner in
the United States courts; and in the
United States supreme court; and is also
the official attorney of the university of
Rochester. He is the author of a work
entitled The Human Mystery in Hamlet.
COOKE, NICHOLAS, governor, was
born Feb. 3, 1717, in Providence, R. I.
He was deputy-governor of the state in
1775; and governor from that date to 1778.
He died Sept. 14, 1782, in Providence, R. I.
COOKE, NICHOLAS FRANCIS, physi
cian, author, was born Aug. 25, 1829, in
Providence, R. I. He was a prominent
physician of Chicago, and the author of
Satan in Society; and Antiseptic Medica
tion. He died Feb. 1, 1885, in Chicago, 111.
COOKE, PARSONS, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 18, 1800, in Hadley, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Lynn, strongly Calvinisuc in doctrine and
controversially inclined. He was the au
thor of History of German Anabaptism;
and A Century of Puritanism and a Cen
tury of Its Opposites. He died Feb. 12,
1864, in Lynn, Mass.
COOKE, PHILIP PENDLETON, lawyer,
poet, was born Oct. 26, 1816, in Martins-
burg, Va. He was a Virginia lawyer
whose poetry was once very much ad
mired, and whose Florence Vane still lin
gers in the anthologies. He was the au
thor of The Froissart Ballads, and Other
Poems. He died Jan. 20, 1850.
COOKE, PHILIP ST. GEORGE, soldier,
author, was born June 13, 1809, near
Leesburg, Va. He was a brigadier-general
in the United States army who reared
in 1873. He was the author of Scenes and
Adventures in the Army; Handy Book
for United States Cavalry; Cavalry Tac
tics; and Conquest of New Mexico and
California. He died in 1895.
COOKE, MRS. ROSE TERRY, author,
poet, was born in 1827 in Connecticut.
She was a New England writer well
known both as a poet and a writer of
short stories of notable excellence. She
was the author of Poems by Rose Terry;
Happy Dodd; Somebody's Neighbors; The
Sphinx's Children and Other People's;
Steadfast; and Huckleberries. In 1888 a
complete collection of her poems was
made, including the contents of her early
volume and her later work in verse. The
Two Villages is her best known poem, as
it is one of her best. She died in 1892.
COOKE, THOMAS BURRAGE, lawyer,
banker, jurist, congressman, was born
in 1780 in Northford, Conn. He became
a judge of the court of common pleas, was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1811 to 1813, and served in the
New York legislature in 1838 and 1839.
He was for many years president of the
Catskill bank, and was one of the earliest
projectors of railroads in this country.
He died in Catskill, N. Y.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
247
COOKINS, JAMES, artist, was born
about 1835 in Terre Haute, Ind. He has
much talent as a landscape painter, and
his illustrations of fairy tales show great
power of invention.
COOKMAN, ALFRED, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1828. He was a metho-
dist clergyman who published Stayed on
God. He died Nov. 13, 1871, in Newark,
N. J.
COOLBRITH, INA DONNA, poet, was
born in Illinois. She is a California poet,
and formerly librarian of the Oakland
Public library. Her work is nearly al
ways musical. She is the author of The
Perfect Day and Other Poems; and Songs
of the Golden Gate.
COOLEY, ABIEL A., inventor, was born
in 1782. He was a physician, and invented
improvements in friction matches, an in
genious shingle machine, and one of the
first power presses in use. He was also
the first to apply the cam movement to
pumps. He died Aug. 18, 1858, in Hart
ford, Conn.
COOLEY, ALICE KINGSBURY, actress,
author, poet, was born Dec. 31, 1840, in
England. For several years she was an
actress in such plays as Fanchon, Juli
ette and others, and starred over the
United States and Canada. She is the
author of a child's book entitled Ho for
Elfland; and a work for adults entitled
Asaph, an historical novel of ancient
Jerusalem.
COOLEY, LE ROY CLARK, educator,
author, was born Oct. 7, 1833, in Point
Peninsula, N. Y. He is a professor of
physics at Vassar college, and the author
of a series of text-books entitled Text-
Book of Physics; Text-Book of Chem
istry; Easy Experiments in Physical
Science; Natural Philosophy; Elements of
Chemistry; Students' Guide Book; Be
ginners' Guide to Chemistry; and Labora
tory Studies in Elementary Chemistry.
COOLEY, THOMAS McINTYRE, law
yer, jurist, author, was born Jan. 6, 1824,
in Attica, N. Y. He is a jurist of promi
nence in Michigan, and professor of his
tory in the university of Michigan. He
is the author of Law of Taxation; Law
of Torts; General Principles of Consti
tutional Law in the United States; Treat
ise on Constitutional Limitations of the
Legislative Power in the Several States;
annotated editions of Blackstone's Story's
Commentaries; and Michigan, a History
of Governments. He died in September,
1898.
COOLIDGE, CARLOS, lawyer, state
senator, governor, was born in 1792 in
Windsor, Vt. He was state attorney for
the county from 1831 to 1836; representa
tive from 1834 to 1837, and from 1839 to
1842; and was speaker in 1836, and during
the last term. He was governor of Ver
mont from 1849 to 1851; and was a state
senator from 1855 to 1857. He died Aug.
15, 1866, in Windsor, Vt.
COOLIDGE, FREDERICK SPAULD-
ING, manufacturer, congressman, was
born Dec. 7, 1841, in Westminster, Mass.
He is a manufacturer of chairs and chair
cane, and is the manager of the Boston
Chair Manufacturing company and of the
Leominster Rattan works. He was demo
cratic elector in 1888; and was representa
tive to the general court of Massachusetts
in 1875. He was elected to the fifty-sec
ond congress as a democrat.
COOLIDGE, SIDNEY, scientist, was
born in 1830 in Boston, Mass. After work
ing in the nautical-almanac office and in
the Cambridge observatory, he was ap
pointed in 1853 assistant astronomer to
Commodore Perry's Japan exploring ex
pedition. Being in Mexico in 1858, he
took part in the civil war of that year.
He took part in an Arizona land survey in
1860, and in 1861 became major in the
sixteenth United States infantry. He was
superintendent of the regimental recruit
ing service in 1862, commanded regiments
at different posts and camps, and was en
gaged at the battles of Hoover's Gap and
Chickamauga, where he was killed. For
his services in the latter figat he received
the brevet of lieutenant-colonel. He died
Sept. 19, 1863, near Chickamauga, Ga.
COOMBE, THOMAS, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 21, 1748, in Philadelphia,
Pa. In 1772 he was assistant rector of
Christ's church in Philadelphia, being
transferred later to St. Peter's. He went
to England, and in 1794 was made pre
bendary of Canterbury and chaplain-in-
ordinary to the king. He was the author
of a volume entitled Peasant of Auburn.
He died Aug. 15, 1822, in London, Eng
land.
COOMBS, ANNIE LINMERE, poet, was
born Nov. 7, 1844, in Frederick, Ohio.
She received her education in the Pitts-
burg high schools and seminary. She
has written over five hundred poems for
the leading magazines and newspapers.
COOMBS, MRS. ANNIE SHELDON, au
thor, was born in 1858 in New York. She
was a novelist of New York city, and
the author of As Common Mortals; A
Game of Chance; and The Garden of
Armida. She died in 1890.
COOMBS, WILLIAM J., merchant, con
gressman, was born Dec. 24, 1833, in Jor
dan, N. Y. He is one of the pioneers in
the business of exporting American goods,
having been engaged in that business over
thirty-five years. He was the unsuccess
ful independent and democratic candidate
for congress in 1888; and was elected to
the fifty-second and re-elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat.
COON, JOHN HENRY, manufacturer,
financier, was born March 24. 1831, in
Johnstown, N. Y. In 1889 he helped to
organize the Coon, Cluett and Company,
manufacturers of collars and cuffs, which
developed into immense proportions. He
is also a director of several business cor
porations of Buffalo, N. Y.
COONEY, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1848 in Ireland.
He was educated in the public schools
and at the state uni
versity of Missouri;
taught school for a
few years after he
left the university,
and in 1875 located
in Marshall, Mo.,
and engaged in the
practice of law. He
was elected to the
office of probate
judge of his county;
in 1882, and again in
1884, was elected
prosecuting attorney of his county; and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
COONS, ALONSO B., lawyer, legislator,
was born Sept. 3, 1841, in Montgomery
county, N. Y. He has filled the office of
district attorney of Schoharie county, N.
Y., and during 1888-90 was a member of
the New York state assembly.
COOPER, BENJAMIN, naval officer,
was born in 1793 in New Jersey. He was
appointed to the United States navy as
midshipman in 1809, and served with dis
tinction during the war of 1812. He was
promoted and attained the grade of cap
tain in 1828. He died June 1, 1850, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
COOPER, CHARLES, poet, was born
April 23, 1822, in England. He is the
author of Signs of the Day, and other
poems of merit. He lives in Salt Lake
City, Utah, where he has taken an active
part in public affairs.
COOPER, CHARLES M., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 16,
1856, in Athens, Ga. He was elected to
the lower house of the legislature in 1880,
and was elected to state senate in 1884.
He was appointed attorney-general of the
state in 1885 for term of four years, and
was appointed in 1889 one of three com
missioners to revise the statutes of the
state. He was elected to the fifty-third
congress and re-elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a democrat.
COOPER, DAVID, jurist. He was ap
pointed a judge of the United States
court of Minnesota in 1850.
COOPER, EDMUND, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Sept. 11,
3821, in Franklin, Tenn. He was elected
to the Tennessee legislature, was elected
a union delegate to the state convention
proposed in 1861, and was again elected
to the state legislature in 1865, but re
signed on being elected a representative
from Tennessee to the thirty-ninth con
gress. In 1867 he was appointed assistant
secretary of the treasury.
COOPER, EDWARD, manufacturer,
was born Oct. 26, 1824, in New York city.
The success of the Trenton iron-works
and of the New Jersey iron and steel
works is largely due to his painstaking
and careful study of the subject. He was
an active member of the committee of
seventy, through whose efforts the Tweed
ring was overthrown. In national politics
he has served as a delegate to the Charles
ton convention of 1860, and to the St.
Louis convention of 1876. He is a trustee
of the. Cooper union, and is a member of
various corporations.
COOPER, ELIAS SAMUEL, surgeon,
was born in 1821 in Butler county, Ohio.
He took an active part in the organization
of the medical department of the univer
sity of the Pacific, the first medical school
on the Pacific coast; and at the time of
his death was professor of surgery and
president of the medical faculty. He es
tablished the San Francisco Medical
Press, and was a contributor to eastern
medical journals. He died Oct. 13, 1862,
in San Francisco, Cal.
COOPER, ELLWOOD, horticulturist,
author, was born May 24, 1829, in Sads-
bury, Pa. He is a horticulturist qf south
ern California, president of the state
board of horticulture; and the author of
Statistics of Trade with Hayti; Forest
Culture and Eucalyptus Trees; and Treat
ise on Olive Culture.
COOPER, GEORGE, poet, composer,
was born May 14, 1840, in New York city.
He studied law in the office of Chester A.
Arthur, was admitted to the bar, but
never practiced to any extent. He is the
author of the words of many popular
ballads, such as Beautiful Isle of the Sea;
Sweet Genevieve; Mother Kissed Me in
My Dream; Must We then Meet as Stran
gers; and While the Days Are Going By.
He is the author of The Chaplet, and Gos
pel Melodies, two volumes of hymns.
COOPER, GEORGE B., congressman,
was horn June 6, 1808, in Long Hill, N. J.
He served in the two houses of the Mich
igan state legislature; served two terms
as state treasurer of Michigan; and was
elected a representative from Michigan
to the thirty-sixth congress. He died In
1866 in Shark river, N. J.
248
HERR1NG8HAW8 KNCYCLOPKUIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COOPER, GEORGE HENRY, naval offi
cer, was born June 27, 1821, in New York.
He commanded the Pensacola navy yard;
and from 1878 to 1880 was president of the
board of inspection. In 1880 he took
command of the navy yard at Brooklyn,
and was promoted to be rear-admiral.
He was commander-in-chief of the Atlan
tic squadron, until his retirement in 1884.
He died Nov. 17, 1891, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
COOPER, GEORGE WILLIAM, lawyer,
legislator, was born May 21, 1851, in
Bartholomew county, Ind. He graduated
from the Indiana university and has at
tained prominence as one of the foremost
lawyers of Indiana. He has been mayor
and prosecuting attorney of Columbus,
Ind., and prosecuting attorney of his coun
ty. He served as a member of the fifty-
first, fifty-second and fifty-third con
gresses as a democrat; and has always
advocated a tariff measure limited to the
wants of the government, administered
with simplicity and economy; an advocate
of sound finance; and in favor of all mea
sures necessary for a stable government.
COOPER, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born Aug. 22.
1827, in Columbia, Tenn. He was elected
to the state legisla
ture in 1853 and 1857.
and in 18(i2 appoint
ed judge of the sev
enth judicial circuit,
of Tennessee; re
signed in 186C. Hi
was chosen professor
in the law school at
Lebanon, Tenn., in
1806, and resigned in
1867, when he re
moved to Nashville.
He was elected to
the state senate in 1869 and 1870, and was
elected to the t'nited States senate for
the term ending in 1877.
COOPER, HENRY ALLEN, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born in
Walworth county, Wis. He was elected
district attorney of Racine county, and
was re-eiected without opposition in 1882
and 1884. He was a delegate to the na
tional republican convention of 1884; a
member of the board of education of the
city of Racine in 1886-87, and was a mem
ber of state senate 1887-89. He was elected
to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth con
gresses and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
COOPER, HENRY M., manufacturer,
public official, was born May 13, 1841 in
Chester, N. J. Since 1871 he has resided
in Little Rock, Ark.; has been receiver
of public moneys and collector of internal
revenue, which latter position he filled for
three terms. For twelve years he was
secretary of the republican state commit
tee, and has been its chairman several
terms. For the past twenty years he has
been engaged in manufacturing, and is
the president of the Little Rock Cooperage
company, one of the largest corporations
in that business in the state. He is also
president of the Union Compress com
pany, a wealthy corporation of his state.
COOPER, HORACE CLARK, JR., mer
chant, printer, publisher, was born May
6, 1849, in Lake Mills, Wis. He has com
piled and published a number of biogra
phical works; and since 1873 has been
president of the American Biographical
Publishing company of Chicago, 111. He
is closely identified with the foremost pub
lishing houses of Chicago, as president
of the Brown-Cooper Typesetting com
pany, the largest and most complete lino
type composing establishment west of New
York.
COOPER, JAMES, soldier, lawyer, Unit
ed States senator, was born May 8, 1810,
in Frederick county, Md. He was elected
a representative in
congress from Penn
sylvania in 1838, and
re-elected in 1840. In
1843 he was elected
to the state legisla
ture, and re-elected
in 1844, 1846 and
1848, serving as
speaker in 1847. In
1848 he was appoint
ed attorney-general
of Pennsylvania; and
in 1849 was chosen a
senator in congress for the term of six
years. He afterwards became a brigadier-
general in the army. He died March 28,
1863, in Columbus, Ohio.
COOPER, JAMES B., naval officer, was
born March 6, 1753, in Bucks county, Pa.
In 1812 he entered the navy as master, and
served in that capacity during the war.
He was promoted to lieutenant in 1822,
and became commander in 1841. He died
Feb. 5, 1854, in Haddonfield, N. J.
COOPER, JAMES CAMPBELL, mineral
ogist, was born June 16, 1832, in Balti
more, Md. He has taken great interest
in the study of geology and mineralogy,
and has collected, located, and named
fully 50,000 specimens of minerals, in-
cluding a collection of 9,000 specimens
that he presented the university of Kan
sas.
COOPER, JAMES E., showman, was
born Nov. 4, 1832, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He entered the circus business in part
nership with P. T. Barnum, W. W. Cole
and James L. Hutchinson, the show tak
ing the name of P. T. Barnum and Com
pany's Greatest Show on Earth. At the
close of 1887 he sold his interest to James
A. Bailey and retired with the intention of
devoting the remainder of his days to
the enjoyment of the fortune he had
amassed, but the fascination and excite
ment of the circus arena tempted him
forth once more, and, in 1890, he pur
chased the Adam Forepaugh shows, and
he died while in the harness. He died
Jan. 1, 1892, in Philadelphia, Pa.
COOPER, JAMES FENIMORE, author,
was born Sept. 15, 1789, in Burlington, N.
J. He was the first American writer to
gain general Euro
pean recognition,
and the first native
novelist who won a
national reputation.
Although much that
he wrote is nearly
forgotten, the best of
his work survives
and is still popular.
His first novel, Pre
caution, a conven
tional, mediocre
piece of writing, ap
peared in 1820, and was followed, in 1821,
by The Spy, the most famous of all his
books, having been translated into all
the principal languages of Europe. Al
most as famous is The Last of the Mohi
cans, a much greater work. Among his
talcs of the sea, The Pilot, and The Red
Rover are the best, as the five Leather
Stocking Tales — the Deerslayer, The Last
of the Mohicans, The Pathfinder, The
Pioneers, The Prairie— are the best of his
stories of Indian life. His other fictions
include The Bravo; Lionel Lincoln, or
The Leaguer of Boston; The Water-
Witch; The Two Admirals; The Wept of
\Vish-ton-Wish; The Heidenmauer; The
Headsman; Homeward Hound: Home as
Found; The Monikins, the weakest of all
his works; Mercedes of Castile; Wing-
and-Wing; Wyandotte; Afloat and
Ashore; Satanstoe; The Chainbearer;
The Red Skins; Jack Tier; The Crater;
The Oak Openings; The Sea Lions; The
Ways of the Hour; and Miles Walling-
ford. He wrote, also, History of the
United States Navy; Sketches of Switzer
land; Gleanings in Europe, and Notions of
the Americans. He died Sept. 14, 1851, in
Cooperstown, N. Y.
COOPER, JOB A., banker, governor,
was born Nov. 6, 1843. His inter
est in public affairs led to his serv
ice in the Denver city council in 1876 and
his election as treasurer of the state uni
versity at Boulder. In 1889 he was made
governor of the state for two years. He
was for some time president of the First
National bank, and is now president of
the National Bank of Commerce.
COOPER, JOHN, congressman. He wa&
a delegate from New Jersey to the con
tinental congress in 1776.
COOPER, JOSEPH ALEXANDER, sol
dier, was born Nov. 25, 1823, in Somerset,
Ky. He served during the Mexican war.
In 1864 he was made a brigadier-general,
in which capacity he commanded on the
march through Georgia, receiving the
brevet of major-general in 1865. He held
the office of collector of internal revenue
in Tennessee from 1869 till 1879, and later,,
again resumed his farming in Kansas.
COOPER, MARK ANTHONY, congress
man, was born April 20, 1800, in Hancock
county, Ga. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1839 to 1843.
He died March 17, 1885.
COOPER, MARY CATHERINE RYAN,
educator, artist, poet, was born in 1863,
in Louisiana. After receiving a thorough
education from the Wheeling Female col
lege of West Virginia, she entered educa
tional work. She is the author of a vol
ume entitled Poems of Hope; has con
tributed extensively to current literature,
and is an artist of rare ability.
COOPER, MYLES, clergyman, author,
was born in 1735 in England. He was an
episcopal clergyman who came to America
in 1762, and was president of Columbia
college in 1763-75. Being an ardent loy
alist, he was obliged to leave the colony,
and returned to England. He was the
author of Friendly Advice to All Reason
able Americans on Our Political Confu
sions; Poems on Several Occasions; Ad
dress to the Episcopalians of Virginia,
and The American Querist. He died in
1785.
COOPER, PETER, manufacturer, phil
anthropist, was born Feb. 12, 1791, in New
York city. He was apprenticed to a coach
maker; then he man
ufactured machines
for shearing cloth;
then made furni
ture; then conducted
a grocery; and then
began the manufac
ture of glue and isin
glass, which he con
tinued for fifty years.
He also erected iron
mills, and manufac
tured railroad iron
and architectural
beams, and built the first locomotive en
gine in America. He became wealthy and
built the Cooper institute. He was one
of the six capitalists who formed the first
Atlantic Telegraph company in 1854. He
was the author of Ideas for a System of
Good Government; and Financial Opin
ions, with Autobiography. He died April
4, 1883, in New York city.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
249>
COOPER, RICHARD M., banker, con
gressman, was born in 1768 in Gloucester
county, N. J. He was a member of the
Society of Friends, and was a representa
tive in congress from New Jersey from
1829 to 1833; served in the legislature;
and was president of the state bank at
Camden. He died March 10, 1844.
COOPER, SAM BRONSON, lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 30, 1850, in
Caldwell county, Ky. In 1876 he was
elected county attorney of Tyler county;
and was re-elected in 1878. In 1880 he
was elected to the state senate; elected
to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth con
gresses and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a democrat.
COOPER, SAMUEL, soldier, author, was
born June 12, 1798, in New Jersey. He was
appointed adjutant and inspector-general
of the confederate army, of which he was
the ranking officer, standing first on the
list of generals. He was the author of A
Concise System of Instructions and Reg
ulations for the Militia and Volunteers of
the United States. He died Dec. 3, 1876,
in Cameron, Va.
COOPER, MRS. SARAH BROWN IN-
GERSOLL, philanthropist, author, poet,
was born Dec. 12, 1836, in Cazenovia, N. Y.
She graduated in.
/-Jte^ 1853 from the Caze
novia seminary and
subsequently attend
ed the Troy Female
seminary. During
the civil war Mrs.
Cooper was elected
president of the So
ciety for the Aid of
Refugees; and taught
a Bible class of three
hundred soldiers. In
1869 she moved to
San Francisco, and there won a national
reputation in religious and educational
work. While the credit of establishing
the first free kindergarten in San Fran
cisco is due to Prof. Felix Adler, yet the
credit of the extraordinary success of the
work is almost entirely due to Mrs.
Cooper. Nearly half a million dollars
was given to her to carry on kindergarten
work in San Francisco, and thousands of
little children have been trained in these
schools. She was the founder and presi
dent of the Golden Gate Kindergarten as
sociation; and has written many works of
vital importance on the subject of kin
dergartens. She died in 1896.
COOPER, SUSAN FENIMORE, author,
was born in 1813 in Scarsdale, N. Y. She
was a writer of rural sketches, whose
life was passed at Cooperstown, N. Y.,
and was the author of Rural Hours;
Country Rambles; Rhyme and Reason;
Country Life; The Shield, a Narrative;
and Mount Vernon and the Children of
America. She died in 1894.
COOPER, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Delaware from 1813 to 1817.
COOPER, THOMAS, scientist, author,
was born Oct. 22, 1759, in London, Eng
land. He was a noted scientist who came
to America in 1795 with Dr. Priestly,
and was president of the college of
South Carolina, 1820-34. He was the au
thor of Letters on the Slave Trade;
Tracts Ethical. Theological, and Political;
Information Concerning America; The
Bankrupt Law of America compared with
that of England; Tracts on Medical Juris
prudence; Elements of Political Econo
my; and An English Version of the In
stitutes of Justinian. He died Mav 11,
1840, in Columbia, S. C.
COOPER, THOMAS B., physician, con
gressman, was born Dec. 29, 1823, in
Cooperstown, Pa. He adopted the profes
sion of a physician, and was elected a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania, for the term ending in 1863. He
died April 4, 1862, in Cooperstown, Pa.
COOPER, W. R., congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1839 to 1841.
COOPER, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in New Jersey. He removed to Ot-
sego county, New York, and became the
founder of Cooperstown. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1795 to 1797, and again from 1799
to 1801. He was the father of the eminent
author, James Fenimore Cooper.
COOPER, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1694 in Boston, Mass.
He was a famous congregational minister
of Boston, and the author of Tract De
fending Inoculation for the Small Pox;
and The Doctrine of Predestination unto
Life. He died Dec. 13, 1743, in Boston,
Mass.
COOPER, WILLIAM, patriot, was born
in 1720 in Boston. Mass. He was dis
tinguished for his patriotic services dur
ing the revolutionary war, and for forty-
nine years was town clerk of Boston. He
died Nov. 28, 1809.
COOPER, WILLIAM B., governor, was
born in Delaware. He was governor of
the state from 1840 to 1844. He died
April 27, 1849.
COOPER, WILLIAM C., was born Dec.
18, 1832, in Mount Vernon, Ohio. He was
prosecuting attorney for Mount Vernon
from 1859 to 1863; was mayor of Mount
Vernon from 1862 to 1864; was a repre
sentative in the state legislature from
1872 to 1874; and was judge-advocate-
general of Ohio from 1879 to 1884. In
1881 he became a member of the board of
education of the city of Mount Vernon.
In 1882 he was elected president of the
board. In 1884 he was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-ninth
congress, and was re-elected to the fif
tieth and fifty-first congresses as a re
publican.
COOPER, WILLIAM R., lawyer, was
born Feb. 13, 1847, in Campbell county,
Tenn. He is a noted lawyer of Knoxville,
Tenn., and a charter member of the
Peace commandery and other orders. He
has been supreme keeper of records of
United Order of the Golden Cross since
1879; and has contributed extensively to
current literature.
COOTE, RICHARD, colonial governor,
was born in 1636 in Ireland. He became
governor of the provinces of New York
and New Jersey in 1698, and a year later
went to Boston and succeeded to the
governorship of Massachusetts. He died
March 5, 1701, in New York.
COOTER, JAMES THOMAS, clergyman,
educator, college president, was born Dec.
2, 1858, in Monticello, Mo. He attended
the Monticello seminary; graduated in
1884 from the Wabash college; and stud
ied theology for two years at the Prince
ton college, New Jersey, and one year
at the McCormick's seminary of Chicago.
He filled a pastorate in the Presbyterian
church at Baxter Springs, Kan., during
1887-90, and since 1891 has been president
of Washington college, Tennessee.
COOTER, JOHN PATTEN, farmer, edu
cator, was born March 12, 1838, in Green
county, Tenn. He has attained promi
nence in educational work; has written
extensively for the periodical press, and
many of his poems have been given a
place in standard works.
COPE, CALEB FREDERICK, mer
chant, financier, was born July 18, 1797,
in Greensburg, Pa. In 1864 he became
president of The Philadelphia Savings
Fund Society, of which he had been a
director since 1841, and gave to this in
stitution the last twenty-four years of hi&
life. He died May 12, 1888, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
COPE, EDWARD DRINKER, natural
ist, author, was born July 28, 1840, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a noted Phila
delphia naturalist, and the author of
Origin of Genera; Extinct Batrachia and
Reptilia of North America; Primary
Groups of Batrachia Anura; Systematic
Relations of the Fishes; Vertebrate
Palaeontology of New Mexico; Tertiary
Vertebrata of the West; and The Origin
of the Fittest. He died in 1897.
COPE, GILBERT, genealogist, author,
was born in 1840 in Pennsylvania. He is
a genealogist of Pennsylvania, and the
author of Record of the Cope Family;
The Browns of Nottingham; Genealogy
of the Dutton Family; Genealogy of the
Sharpless Family; and History of Ches
ter County, Pennsylvania.
COPE, THOMAS PYM, merchant, was
born Aug. 26, 1768, in Lancaster county.
Pa. He began business for himself in
1790, importing his goods latterly in his.
own vessels, the first of which he built in
1807, and established in 1821 the first line
of packets between Philadelphia and
Liverpool. He was a member of the
Philadelphia city council about 1800, an
efficient member of the committee for
introducing water into the city, served in
the legislature in 1807, and in the state
constitutional convention, was president
of the board of trade for many years, and
of the Mercantile library company from
its foundation until his death. He died
Nov. 22, 1854, in Philadelphia, Pa.
COPELAND, ALFRED BRYANT,
painter, was born about 1840 in Boston,
Mass. He became art professor in the
University of St. Louis, but about 1877
opened a studio in Paris, where he worked
in crayon and oils. He exhibited church
interiors in the Paris salon in 1877-78,
and sent to Boston a collection of street
scenes in Paris.
COPELAND, GEORGE D., business
man, lawyer, poet, was born in Wadding-
ton, N. Y. For ten years he practiced law
in Goshen, Ind.; and for two years edited
The Times of that city. In 1873 he moved
to San Diego, Cal.; was its postmaster in
1881-86; and was instrumental in secur
ing for that city its bountiful supply of
pure mountain water, which is brought
from the mountains fifty miles away. He
is the president of the electric railway
and lighting firm of that city.
COPELAND, JOSEPH, business man,
banker, was born in 1836, in Ulster, Ire
land. For many years he was engaged in
mining in California and Oregon, and fi
nally secured controlling interest in sev
eral gold mines. He made over twenty
trips to the Pacific coast; organized the
First National bank of Shellsburg, Wis.,
of which he was president until his death
in 1893.
COPELAND, JOSEPH T., soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born May 6, 1813, in New
Castle, Maine. During 1846-49 he was
judge of the St. Clair county court of
Michigan; was elected circuit judge in
1851; and served during 1851-57 as a
judge of the supreme court. He served
with distinction through the civil war,
and was promoted brigadier general of
volunteers.
250
IIERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPKU1A OF AMKIUCAX BIOGRAPHY.
COPELAND, JOSEPH T., soldier, was
born in 1830 in Michigan. He served
through the civil war and was appointed
a brigadier general of volunteers.
COPELAND, PATRICK, pioneer, edu
cator. He was employed as a chaplain in
the service of the East India company.
He first suggested the idea of a college in
America, and may be justly considered as
the pioneer of education.
COPLEY, JOHN SINGLETON, artist,
was born July 3, 1737, in Boston, Mass.
He is said to have been the only native
painter of real skill which the New World
could boast before the Revolution, and to
possess one of his portraits Is America's
best title to nobility. The Death of Lord
Chatham Is his masterpiece. He died
Sept. 9, 1815, in London, England.
COPLEY, LIONEL, colonial governor,
was born probably in England. After the
province of Maryland had been delivered
over to the crown by the protestant as-
sociators, he was in 1691 commissioned its
first royal governor. He died Sept. 12,
1693.
COPP, MRS. HELEN RANKLIN, sculp
tor, was born Aug. 4, 1853, in Atlanta, 111.
She studied at the art institute of Chi
cago, 111., and received the only medal
ever given by that institution for sculp
ture. She has modeled portraits of a
number of prominent citizens of Chicago,
besides many ideal works.
COPPEE, HENRY, soldier, educator,
college president, author, was born Oct.
13, 1821, in Savannah, Ga. He was a
prominent educator, president of Lehigh
university, 1866-75, and professor there
until his death. During the Mexican war
he served as an officer in the American
army. His most important work is a
History of the Conquest of Spain by the
Arab Moors, which takes up the narrative
at the period reached at the close of
Irving's Mahomet and his Successors.
His other works comprise Elements of
Logic; Elements of Rhetoric; Grant and
his Campaigns; Manual of Battalion
Drill; Evolutions of the Line; and Man
ual of Court Martial. He died in 1895.
COPPIN, LEVI J., journalist, author,
was born Dec. 24, 1848, in Cecil county,
Md. He is the manager of the A. M. E.
Church Review, and the author of The
Relations of Baptized Children to the
€hurch.
COPPINGER, JOHN J., soldier, was
born in 1835 in Ireland. He joined the
papal guards to fight against Victor Em
manuel. He came to America with let
ters from Archbishop Hughes, and in 1861
was made captain in the fourteenth in
fantry. At the close of the war he was
•colonel of the fifteenth New York cavalry.
He made a brilliant record and was brev-
etted lieutenant-colonel at Trevlllians,
Va. After the war he was transferred to
the twenty-third United States infantry,
and was brevetted colonel in battles with
the Indians in 1866, 1867 and 1868. He
was commissioned major-general in 1898.
COPWAY, GEORGE, author, poet, was
born in August, 1820, in Michigan. He is
an Indian of the OJibway tribe who was a
journalist in New York city, and was
well known as a lecturer. He was the
author of Recollections of a Forest Life;
Copway's American Indian; The Tradi
tional History of the Ojibway Nation;
The Ojibway Conquest, a poem; and
Running Sketches of Men and Places in
Europe.
CORAY, GEORGE Q., educator, librar
ian, was born in November, 1857. in
Provo, Utah. He is a graduate of Cornell
and librarian of the university of Utah.
CORBETT, HENRY WINSLOW, mer
chant, was born Feb. 18, 1827, in West-
borounh, .Mass. While successful as a
merchant he has not
confined his enter
prise to that field,
but has also engaged
in steam transporta
tion, and was at one
time mail contractor
between Oregon and
California overland,
stocking the road in
1866 with Concord
coaches for 740
miles. His contract
with the government
amounted to $179,000 per year. As he
gained the means he then became a large
buyer of choice real estate in Portland,
and has recently built a number of busi
ness blocks. He is now one of the largest
owners of improved property in the city,
and pays taxes on about $850,000 worth of
realty. He served during 1867-73 in the
United States senate as a union republi
can.
CORBIN, AUSTIN, railroad president,
financier, was born July 11, 1827, in New
port, N. H. He is now president of the
Long Island railroad, the Elmira, Cort-
land and Northern railroad, the Manhat
tan Beach company, the Manhattan Beach
Hotel and Land company, and the New
York and Roekaway Beach railway.
CORBIN, MRS. CAROLINE ELIZA
BETH, author, was born in 1835 in Con
necticut. She is a Chicago writer of fic
tion and other works, and the author of
Rebecca; His Marriage Vow; Belle and
the Boys; and A Woman's Philosophy of
hove, a psychological treatise.
CORBIN, D. C., railroad president, was
born in 1837 in New Hampshire. He is
president of the Spokane Falls and North
ern railway; and also of the Nelson and
Fort Sheppard railway.
CORBIN, HENRY CLARK, soldier, was
born in Ohio. He was the adjutant at
the inaugurations of Garfield, Cleveland,
Harrison and McKinley. He headed the
remarkable procession of the centennial
at New York in 1889 and has been the
marshal in other great affairs of that
kind. He entered the army as a volun
teer. After the civil war he passed a sat
isfactory examination and was accepted
as an officer in the regular army. He has
always, since the time of Lincoln, been
very near the person of the president.
He is adjutant to President McKinley in
the president's capacity as commander-in-
chief of the army.
CORBIN, HORACE, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, was born May 21, 1827, in Tioga
county, Ind. In 1852 he was elected prose
cuting attorney, and
in 1862 he was
chosen to the state
senate, where he
• served four sessions.
' In 1873, when Ply
mouth first became a
city, he was elected
its mayor. In 1875
he was tendered by
Governor Hendricks
the appointment of
judge of the circuit
court, which he ac
cepted, filling the office with credit to
himself and the satisfaction of the dis
trict, until the fall of 1876, when he was
named bv the democratic party for the
.-nun' position. «
CORBIN, JOHN, author, was born in
1870 in Illinois. He is the author of The
Elizabethan Hamlet.
CORBIN, JOSEPH CARTER, educator,
college president, was born March 26,
1833, in Chillicothe, Ohio. He graduated
in 1853 from the Ohio university. He
has been state superintendent of educa
tion of Arkansas and for the past twenty
years president of the Branch Normal col
lege of Pine Bluff, Ark. He is' a promi
nent member of the Masonic order, of
which he has been grand secretary.
CORBUSIER, WILLIAM HENRY, sur
geon, ethnologist, was born April 10, 1844,
in New York city. He graduated in medi
cine from the Bellevue hospital and medi
cal college of New York city. During the
civil war he served in the field as acting
assistant surgeon. He is now surgeon in
the United States army, stationed at Fort
Monroe, Va. While doing duty on the
frontier he wrote vocabularies of the
Mojave and Yavapai dialects of the Yuma
language; discovered several winter
counts, counts back, or calendars among
the Dakotas; and studied the symbols,
pictographs and sign language of the
North American Indians.
CORBY, WILLIAM, educator, college
president, was born Oct. 2, 1833, in De
troit, Mich. As chaplain of a New York
cavalry regiment he
^k left for the army of
^^^^^^^ the Potomac. He
^••^1 |^ | was through Mc-
^B ! Clellan's campaign
r^ J 3 on the peninsula,
3^"^1 | and was afterwards
Aj j commanded byBurn-
J side, Hooker, Meade,
I and Grant. In 1866
^^^^^*|l^^^ ho was made presi-
^^1
I perior at Notre
Dame. In 1872 he
was appointed the pastor at Watertown,
Wis., holding this place until 1877, when
he was chosen president of Notre Dame
for a second time.
CORCORAN, JOHN WILLIAM, lawyer,
jurist, public official, was born June 14,
1853, in Batavia, N. Y. He received
ili<' riiiliiiirnts of
.^IBtow nis education in
the Clinton public
schools; attended
the College of the
Holy Cross of Wor-
'« f cester, Mass.; the
St. John's university,
and the Boston uni
versity. He has a
large law business in
Boston, Mass., and
resides in Clinton.
He has been judge of
the superior court; judge advocate gen
eral; was chairman of the democratic
state committee four times; and was
twice the chairman of the state delega
tion to the national convention. For
twenty-two years he has been a member
of the Clinton school committee, serving
fifteen years as chairman. He was city
solicitor of Clinton for ten years; water
commissioner, secretary, treasurer and
chairman for fifteen years; was chairman
of the Massachusetts board of managers
at the World's Columbian exposition;
and has filled numerous positions of
honor in his city, county and state.
CORCORAN, MICHAEL, soldier, was
born Sept. 21, 1827, in Ireland. During the
civil war he served with distinction; or
ganized the Corcoran legion, and was
made brigadier-general of volunteers. He
died Dec. 23, 1863, near Sawyer's Station,
Va.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
251
CORCORAN, WILLIAM WILSON,
banker, philanthropist, was born Dec. 27,
1798, in Georgetown, D. C. The state
department selected him as its financial
agent in 1841; and in 1842 George W.
Riggs and he founded the afterward fa
mous banking house of Corcoran and
Riggs, which rose into prominence
through sales of government bonds at the
time of the Mexican war and later. He
earned the title of philanthropist by num
berless gifts, which amounted during his
lifetime to about $4,000,000. He died
Feb. 24, 1888, in Washington, D. C.
CORDLEY, RICHARD, clergyman, was
born Sept. 6, 1829, in Nottingham, Eng
land. During 1850-54 he attended the
Michigan university;
and the three years
following studied at
theAndover Theolog
ical seminary; and
graduated with hon
ors from both insti
tutions. In 1857 he
moved to Kansas
and preached his
first sermon as pas
tor of the Plymouth
church of Lawrence,
which position he
filled for eighteen years. During 1875-78
he was pastor of the congregational
church of Flint, Mich.; during 1878-84 in
the congregational church of Emporia,
Kan.; when he again became pastor for
the second time of the Plymouth church
of Lawrence, Kan. During all the busy
years of his ministry he has been a fre
quent and valued correspondent of the
religious press. He is often called The
Nugget Preacher, because his short and
original sermons teem with golden nug
gets of thought.
CORDOVA, ALFRED DE, stock broker,
was born Aug. 19, 1848, in Jamaica. First
a broker in petroleum, he purchased a
seat in the stock exchange of New York
city in 1875. and his firm of Alfred de
Cordova and Son have since been suc
cessful in the brokerage of stocks. In
1894 he was elected a governor of the
stock exchange of New York city.
CORE, JESSE FRANKLIN, soldier,
clergyman, was born Sept. 15, 1846, in
Hillsboro, Pa. He served gallantly as a
soldier in the civil war, and was twice
wounded. He attended the Methodist
college of Millersburg, Ky. ; and received
the degree of D. D. from Waynesburg
college. He was twice presiding elder in
the Pittsburg conference of the Methodist
Episcopal church; and twice a member
of the General conference of that denomi
nation. He is also well known as a
brilliant pulpit orator and lecturer; has
served many of the best churches in his
conference; and was offered the nomina
tion for congress.
COREY, CHARLES HENRY, clergy
man, was born Dec. 12, 1834, in Canaan,
N. B. In 1867 he was appointed principal
of the Augusta institute, Augusta, Ga.,
and in the next year was transferred to
Richmond, Va., as president of an insti
tution for the training of colored preach
ers and teachers.
CORLET, ELIJAH, educator, was born
in 1611 in London, England. He estab
lished himself in Cambridge soon after
the settlement of the town, and taught
the grammar school there for forty-six
years. The society for the propagation
of the gospel compensated him for pre
paring Indian scholars for the univer
sity. He died Feb. 24, 1687, in Cambridge,
Mass.
CORLETT, WILLIAM W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 10, 1842, in Con
cord, Ohio. He was appointed postmaster
at Cheyenne, Wyoming territory, in 1870;
and was a member of the council in the
territorial assembly in 1871. He was
elected prosecuting attorney for Laramie
county in 1872, 1873 and 1875; and was
elected a delegate from the territory of
Wyoming to the forty-fifth congress as a
republican.
CORLEY, • MANUEL SIMEON, mer
chant, legislator, congressman, was born
Feb. 10, 1823, in Lexington county, S. C.
During 1854-56 he was editor and owner
of the South Carolina Temperance Stand
ard. In his youth he was apprenticed to
learn the tailor's trade, and became a suc
cessful merchant tailor of Lexington,
S. C. In 1868 he was a member of
the South Carolina constitutional conven
tion; and in 1868-69 a member of the for
tieth congress. He has been United
States treasury agent; chief of South
Carolina bureau of agricultural statistics;
and treasure'.1 of his county. From boy
hood he has loved freedom and hated
slavery, and his utterances on these ques
tions for a long time imperiled his life.
CORLISS, GEORGE HENRY, inventor,
was born June 2, 1817, in Easton, N. Y.
He invented many ingenious devices,
among which is a machine for cutting
the cogs of bevel-wheels, an improved
boiler, with condensing apparatus for ma
rine-engines, and pumping-engines for
water works. He was a member of the
Rhode Island legislature in 1868-70, and
was a republican presidential elector in
1876. He died Feb. 21, 1888, in Provi
dence, R. I.
CORLISS, GUY C. H., lawyer, jurist,
was born July 4, 1858, in Poughkeepsie,
N. Y. In 1879 he was admitted to the
bar; and in 1886 moved to Grand Forks,
N. D. In 1889 he was elected chief jus
tice of the supreme court of North Da
kota, which office he still fills.
CORLISS, JOHN B., lawyer, congress
man, was born in Richford, Vt. He was
elected city attorney of Detroit in 1881
and re-elected in 1883; during his four
years' incumbency of the office of city
attorney he prepared the first complete
charter o'f Detroit, which was passed by
the legislature in 1884 and is still the fun
damental law of the municipality. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
CORLISS, MRS. MARY E., was born
Dec. 22, 1832, in Great Falls, N. H. Her
poems have appeared in the periodical
press. She has collected her poems and
published them in book form.
CORNABY, MRS. HANNAH, poet, was
born March 17, 1822, in England. In 1881
she published a volume entitled Autobi
ography and Poems, which attracted
considerable attention in her native state.
CORNELIUS, ELIAS, physician and pa
triot, was born in -1758 on Long Island.
He obtained the appointment of surgeon's
mate in the second Rhode Island regi
ment. He was captured and confined in
the prison-ship Jersey, but escaped in
March, 1778, rejoined the army, and con
tinued with it till 1781. In later years he
obtained a large practice. He died June
13, 1823, in Somers, N. Y.
CORNELIUS, ELIAS, educator, mis
sionary, author, was born July 31, 1794, in
Somers, N. Y. He was a missionary to
the Cherokee Indians who wrote The
Little Osage Captive, an Authentic Nar
rative. He died Feb. 12, 1832, in Hart
ford, Conn.
CORNELL, ALONZO BARTON, gover
nor of New York during 1880-83, was born
Jan. 22, 1832, in Ithaca, N. Y. He re
ceived an academic
education, and at an
early age engaged in
the telegraph busi-
ness, and became
operator, manager,
superintendent, di
rector, vice-president
and acting president
of the Western
Union Telegraph
company. He is the
son of the late Ezra.
Cornell, the founder
of the Cornell university, who was asso
ciated with Prof. Morse in the early
development of the electric telegraph. In
1872 he was elected to the legislative as
sembly of the state of New York, and
was chosen speaker. Jan. 1, 1880, he was
inaugurated governor of the state of New
York, and served with distinction for
three years. He has been a trustee of
Cornell university from its foundation;
and president of the Cornell library as
sociation. His only publication is True
and Firm, a Biography of Ezra Cornell,
a Filial Tribute.
CORNELL, EZEKIEL, soldier, con
gressman, was born in Scituate, R. I.
He was a member of the continental con
gress in 1780-83, and chairman of the mili
tary committee. He was a mechanic be
fore the war, but was self-educated, and
established a valuable library in his na
tive town.
CORNELL, EZRA, pioneer, was born
Jan. 11, 1807, in Westchester, N. Y. When
congress had appropriated $30,000 to build
a telegraph line from Washington to Bal
timore, and Mr. Cornell invented a ma
chine to be drawn by eight mules for lay
ing the wires underground and was em
ployed as superintendent to carry out his
idea. Next year a line was built by him
under contract from New York to Phila
delphia, and in 1846 one from New York
to Albany. In 1847 he organized a com
pany and built a telegraph line from Troy
to Montreal, and in 1848 formed the New
York and Erie and the Erie and Michigan
Telegraph companies, to construct lines
from New York to Lake Erie and thence
to Milwaukee. He gave a $75,000 building
to Ithaca for a free library and made a
further gift for books. For the founding
of Cornell university he gave nearly a
million dollars and so located the agri
cultural college land grant, which New
York state had transferred to the univer
sity, that it produced three or four times
its original value.
CORNELL, JOHN BLACK, manufact
urer, inventor, was born Feb. 7, 1821, in
Long Island, N. Y. In 1847, with his
brother, W. W. Cornell, he opened a fac
tory in New York, which subsequently
grew to large proportions. At these
works the proprietors made an immense
amount of architectural iron, including
the iron for the elevated railroads in New
York city. He died Oct. 27, 1887, in Lake-
wood, N. J.
CORNELL, JOHN HENRY, musician,
composer, was born May 8, 1828, in New
York city. He was a musician and or
ganist of New York city, and the author
of Primer of Modern Musical Tonality;
Practice of Sight -Singing; Easy Method
of Modulation; Theory and Practice of
Musical Form; A Manual of Roman
Chant; and Congregational Tune Book.
He died in 1894.
252
HKKKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AAIERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CORNELL, JOHN M., iron manufac
turer, was born Aug. 27, 1846, in New
York city. He was taken into partner
ship with J. B. and J. M. (Jornell, and
since 1887 has been sole proprietor of the
works. Some of the most conspicuous
buildings in New York city, erected since
the era of gigantic structures began, about
twenty years ago, have been supplied with
the interior frame work, which supports
all the rest, from the Cornell shops.
CORNELL. THOMAS, banker, con
gressman, was born Jan. 27, 1814, in
White Plains, N. Y. He was elected a
representative from New York to the
fortieth congress in 1866; and in 1880 was
elected to the forty-seventh congress as a
republican.
CORNELL, WILLIAM MASON, physi
cian, author, was born Oct. 16, 1802, in
Berkley, Mass. He was a physician of
Boston and elsewhere, and the author of
Robert Raikes, the Founder of Sunday
Schools; Life of Horace Greeley; Gram
mar of the English Language; Consump
tion Prevented; Treatise on Epilepsy;
and History of Pennsylvania. He died in
1895.
CORNELL, WILLIAM W., manufac
turer, was born Jan. 1, 1823, on Long
Island. He established an extensive busi
ness as an iron-founder in New York city,
was a liberal giver to benevolent objects,
especially for the erection of churches
for the methodist denominations, and
founded Cornell college at Mount Vernon,
Iowa. He died March 17, 1870, in New
York city.
CORNING, ERASTUS, railroad presi
dent, banker, congressman, was born Dec.
14, 1794, in Norwich, Conn. In 1814 he
moved to Albany, and continued in the
hardware business, establishing the well-
known house, still in existence, of Erastus
Corning and Co. His first public posi
tion was that of alderman of the city of
Albany; from that he was promoted to
mayor; and was also for several years an
influential railroad, bank, and canal com
pany president. For several terms he was
a member of the state legislature; and
was elected a representative to the thirty-
fifth congress. In 1860 he was elected to
the thirty-seventh congress; and re-
elected to the thirty-eighth congress. He
died April 9, 1872, in Albany, N. Y.
CORNING, WARREN HALMES, was
born Feb. 18, 1841, in Painesville, Ohio.
In 1887 he sold the Monarch Distilling
Co., of Peoria, 111., upon satisfactory
terms to the Distilling and Cattle Feeding
Co., and retired with well earned laurels
from the company. Released from the
exacting routine of daily attention to a
large establishment, Mr. Corning then
gave his attention to other things. He
made large investments in various insti
tutions, including the Standard Sewing
Machine Co., the Wick Banking and Trust
Co., the First National bank, and the
Guardian Trust Co. of Cleveland.
CORNISH, JOHNSTON, manufacturer,
state senator, congressman, was born in
Hunterdon county, N. J. He entered the
Cornish Piano and Organ company as
junior partner, and became the manager
of that institution. He was elected mayor
of Washington in 1884, when only twenty-
five years old, and re-elected in 1886. He
was elected state senator in 1890, and to
the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
CORNWALL, HENRY BEDINGER,
mineralogist, author, was born July 29,
1844, in Southport, Conn. He is a pro
fessor of mineralogy at Princeton college
since 1873, who has published A Manual
of Blow-Pipe Analysis.
of 1884;
CORNWALLIS, KINAHAN, journalist,
author, was born Dec. 24, 1837, in London,
England. He published in London fifteen
novels of travel, history and poetry prior
to coming to America. During 1860-66 he
was editor and owner of the Knicker
bocker Magazine, and also financial editor
of the New York Herald during 1861-69.
He then became editor and proprietor of
The Albion, and in 1886 established The
Daily Investigator of New York city, of
which he is still editor and proprietor.
In 1892 he published a volume of poems,
and in 1893 The Conquest of Mexico and
Peru. His other works are Yarra Yarra,
or the Wandering Aborigine, a Poetical
Narrative; The New Eldorado of British
Columbia; Wreck and Ruin, or Modern
Society; My Life and Adventures, an Au
tobiography; Adrift with a Vengeance;
Pilgrims of Fashion; and The Gold Room
and the New York Stock Exchange.
CORNWELL. GEORGE RATHBUN,
bookseller, legislator, was born Feb. 24,
1836, in Penn Yan, N. Y., where for over
forty years he was
successfully engaged
in business. During
1872-97 he was trus
tee of the Union
school; and in 1891-
94 president of the
board of education.
During 1882-84 he
was chairman of the
Y a t e s republican
committee; national
delegate to the re
publican convention
member of the New York as
sembly in 1887-88; a member of the state
constitutional convention in 1894; and
in 1884, 1886, and 1888 was a candidate for
congress from Yates county.
CORNWELL, HENRY SYLVESTwR.
physician, author, poet, was born in 1831
in New Hampshire. He was a physician
of New London, Conn., who wrote
much thoughtful verse. He was the au
thor of The Land of Dreams and Other
Poems (1879). which is the only collec
tion that has been made of his poems. He
died in 1896.
CORNWELL, WILLIAM CARYL, bank
er, was born Aug. 19, 1851, in Lyons, N. Y.
He organized the City bank of Buffalo in
1893, and was made president of the insti
tution.
CORR, ALBERT C., physician, was
born Feb. 10, 1840, in Carlinville, 111. In
1868 he graduated in medicine from the
Northwestern university of Chicago. For
seventeen years he practiced general
medicine; and since 1886 has restricted
liis practice to diseases of the eye, ear
and throat. He is a member of the lead
ing medical societies, and president of
Illinois State Medical society. He has
contributed papers to the deliberations of
many medical and scientific bodies.
CORR, LUCINDA H., physician, was
born March 9, 1844, in Carlinville, 111.
She graduated in 1874 from the Woman's
medical department of the Northwestern
university of Chicago. After five years'
general practice she restricted her prac
tice to diseases of women and girls. She
is the wife of Dr. Albert C. Corr, and a
pioneer in the state of Illinois.
CORRICK, FRANK PERLEY, journal
ist, was born July 17, 1866, in Appanoose
county, Iowa. He is the editor and owner
of The Tribune of Cozad, Neb. He has
filled several public positions; and has
been lieutenant-colonel and colonel of
the Nebraska division of the Sons of
Veterans.
CORRIGAN, MICHAEL AUGUSTINE,
Roman catholic prelate, was born Aug. 13^
1839, in Newark, N. J. In 1885 Arch
bishop Corrigan became metropolitan of
the diocese of New York.
CORRIGAN, THOMAS, capitalist, was
born Dec. 31, 1825, in Canada. He was
owner of all the street railways, except
one, in Kansas City; but in 1883 he sold
his entire railway system to the Metro
politan Street Railway company. He died
March 1, 1894, in Kansas City, Mo.
CORSE. JOHN MURRAY, soldier, was
born April 27, 1835, in Pittsburg, Pa. He
attended West Point and served through
the civil war. He
was colonel of the
sixth regiment Iowa
volunteer infantry,
and distinguished
himself at Chicka-
mauga. In 1863 he
was made brigadier-
general of volun
teers. In 1864 he
defended Altoona
with success against
a superior force of
confederates, and
commanded a division of Sherman's army
in its march to Georgia and the Caro-
linas. In 1864 he received the brevet of
major-general. In 1867-69 he was collec
tor of internal revenue in Chicago, 111.;
and subsequently built several hundred
miles of railroad in the neighborhood of
Chicago. In 1886 he was appointed post
master of Boston, Mass. He died April
27, 1893.
CORSE, MONTGOMERY DENT, sol
dier, banker, was born March 14, 1816, in
Alexandria, D. C. He was a captain in
the Mexican war, and lived in California
from 1849 till 1856, when he returned to
Virginia and became a banker in Alexan
dria. He entered the confederate service
in 1861 as colonel; and was commissioned
a brigadier-general in 1862. After the
war he resumed the business of a banker
and broker at Alexandria till 1874.
CORSON, GEORGE NORMAN, soldier,
lawyer, lecturer, journalist, poet, was
born March 11, 1833, in Montgomery
county, Pa. He received his education
at the Freemont seminary of Norristown,
and the Ursinus college of Collegeville.
During the war he enlisted as a private
soldier under the first call issued by
Abraham Lincoln in April, 1861, till term
of enlistment expired. In 18u6 he was
admitted to the bar, and has attained suc
cess in his profession at Norristown, Pa.
He has been a member of the city coun
cil; register in bankruptcy for Lehigh
and Montgomery counties; and a member
of the constitutional convention of Penn
sylvania of 1872 and 1873. He has trav
eled extensively in Europe, and is the au
thor of many lectures and poems; and
wrote the poem for the celebration of the
one hundredth anniversary of Montgom
ery county in 1884. For two years he
edited the Norristown Independent.
CORSON, HIRAM, educator, author,
was born Nov. 6, 1828, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is a Chaucerian and Early Eng
lish scholar, professor at Cornell univer
sity since 1870, and the author of The
Voice and Spiritual Education; Elocu
tionary Manual; Jottings on the Text of
Hamlet; Introduction to the Study of
Browning; Lectures on English Lan
guage and Literature; The Aims of Lit
erary Study; Vocal Culture in Relation
to Literary Study; Thesaurus of Early
English; and Handbook of Anglo-Saxon
and Early English. He has also edited
Chaucer's Legende of Goode Women.
HKRKINGSHAWS KNCYCLOPKUIA OF AMKKICAX UK >< ;it.\ I'M Y.
253
CORSON, JULIET, instructor, author,
was born Feb. 14, 1842, in Boston, Mass.
She was a cooking instructor of New
York, founder of the School of Cooking
there in 1876; and was the author of
Cooking Manual; Cooking School Text-
Book; Twenty-Five Cent Dinners for
Families of Six; Meals for the Million;
Practical American Cookery; Family
Living on Five Hundred Dollars a Year;
and Diet for Invalids and Children. She
died in 1897.
CORT, THOMAS, manufacturer, was
born in 1834 in England. He settled in
Newark in 1847, and began business for
himself in the manufacture of high grade
walking and lawn tennis shoes, being
among the first engaged in this specialty
in America.
CORTHELL, ELMER LAWRENCE,
civil engineer, author, was born Sept. 30.
1840, in Massachusetts. He is a civil en
gineer of distinction, and the author of
History of the Jetties at the Mouth of the
Mississippi.
CORWIN, EDWARD T., clergyman, au
thor, was born July 12, 1834, in New York
city. Since 1857 he has filled pastorates
in various cities in the Reformed church,
and is the official historian of the Re
formed Church in America. He is the au
thor of several works, and since 1897 has
been engaged in historical researches at
Amsterdam, Holland. His works are:
Manual of the Reformed Protestant
Dutch Church in North America; Manual
of the Reformed Church in America; and
Corwin Genealogy.
CORWIN, FRANKLIN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 12, 1818, in
Lebanon, Ohio. He served several years
in the state legislature of Ohio, and part
•of the time in the senate. He moved to
Illinois in 1857; and was elected to the
legislature of that state, serving two years
•as speaker. He was elected to the forty-
third congress as a republican.
CORWIN, MOSES B., lawyer,' congress
man, was born Jan. 5, 1790, in Bourbon
county, Ky. In 1838 and 1839 he was
elected to the legislature; and was a rep
resentative in congress from Ohio from
1849 to 1851, and from 1853 to 1855. He
•died April 7, 1872, in Urbana, Ohio.
CORWIN, THOMAS, lawyer, statesman,
was born July 29, 1794, in Bourbon county,
Ky. He was elected to the Ohio legisla
ture in 1822, and a representative to con
gress from the Warren district in 1831,
in which position he continued until 1840.
He was chosen governor of Ohio in Oc
tober of that year. In 1845 he was elected
United States senator, which office he held
until his appointment in the cabinet, in
1850, as secretary of the treasury, under
President Fillmore. He died Dec. 18, 1865,
in Washington, D. C.
CORWINE, AMOS BRECKINRIDGE,
journalist, was born in 1815 in Maysville,
Ky. He served during the Mexican war,
being a lieutenant in the Mississippi regi
ment commanded by Jefferson Davis, and
was severely wounded at Buena Vista.
After that war, in partnership with his
brother Samuel, he edited the Cincinnati
Chronicle. During the administrations of
Presidents Tyler and Fillmore he was
United States consul at Panama. In 1856
he was sent by President Pierce to inves
tigate the Panama massacres, and on his
report were based the treaty and adjust
ment of damages between the United
States and New Granada. He was reap-
pointed consul, and remained in Panama
until 1861. He died June 22, 1880, in New
Rochelle, Ohio.
CORY, SALLY MORRIS, artist, de
signer, was born Feb. 21, 1863, in New
York city. She has attained success as
an artist and designer; is the illustrator
for the Armstrong Press Syndicate of
New York city; and holds an art medal
for book-cover designing.
COSAND, SAMUEL W., soldier, lawyer,
was born June 27, 1843, in Boone county,
Ind. In 1860 he graduated from the
Thorntown academy with the degree of
B. S. He served as a union soldier dur
ing the civil war in Company B, seventy-
second regiment Indiana volunteer infan
try. He is a prominent lawyer of Gettys
burg, S. D., and has served as state's at
torney of Potter county.
COSBY, FORTUNATUS, journalist,
poet, was born May 2, 1801, in Louisville,
Ky. He was a member of the first school
board of trustees, and later superinten
dent of public schools in Philadelphia.
In 1846 he edited the Examiner, the first
Kentucky paper devoted to the cause of
Hegro emancipation. His best known
poems are Ode to the Mocking Bird; The
Traveler in the Desert; A Dream of Long
Ago; and Fireside Fancies.
COSBY, WILLIAM, governor of New
York, was born about 1695. After serving
as a colonel in the army, and being gover
nor of Minorca and of the Leeward
islands, he became governor of New York
in 1731, and held the office till his death.
He died March 10, 1736, in New York city.
COSGROVE, HENRY, Roman catholic
bishop, was born in 1834 in Williamsport,
Pa. He removed with his parents to Du-
buque when eleven
years old. He was
ordained in 1857, and
appointed assistant
pastor of St. Mary's,
Davenport. He be
came pastor of Dav
enport, Iowa, in
1862, and shortly af
terward erected a
church and school.
He was appointed
vicar-general of the
diocese in 1882. On
the death of Bishop McMullen he was se
lected as administrator; and in 1884 was
proposed to the holy see as his successor
in the bishopric of Davenport. He is the
first native of the United States that has
been appointed bishop west of the Mis
sissippi.
COSGROVE, JOHN, lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 12, 1839, in Alexan
dria, N. Y. In 1865 he removed to Boon-
ville. Mo., and engaged in the practice
of his profession. He was twice elected
city attorney; and in 1872 was elected
prosecuting attorney of Cooper county.
He was a delegate to the democratic
national conventions of 1872 and 1880;
and was elected a representative from
Missouri to the forty-eighth congress as
a democrat.
COSSETT, FRANCEWAY RANNA,
clergyman, author, was born April 24,
1790, in Claremont, N. H. He was a
Cumberland presbyterian clergyman of
Tennessee. He published The Life and
Times of Swing, which gives a history of
the beginnings of the Cumberland pres
byterian denomination. He died July 3,
1863, in Lebanon, Tenn.
COSTER, CHARLES HENRY, banker,
was born July 22, 1852, in Newport, R. I.
In 1884 he was admitted to partnership
in the great banking house of Drexel,
Morgan and Co. of New York city; Drexel
and Co. of Philadelphia, and Drexel,
Harjes and Co. of Paris, resident in New
York.
COSTER, ROBERT JOHN, educator,
clergyman, was born Oct. 20, 1836, near St.
Leonards, Md. He was educated at the
^^^^^^ College of St. James,
f and received the de-
l gree of B. A. in 1862;
and the degree of M.
A. from Trinity col
lege in 1868. He was
ordained a deacon in
1863, and a priest in
1866. For over a
quarter of a century
he has been rector
of the Bishop Bow
man institute of
Pittsburg, Pa., and
rector of the Grace church almost the
same time. He has also devoted his time
to educational work. He has been a
member of the standing committee of the
diocese of Pittsburgh for twenty years,
and president of the same for four years.
He has traveled extensively in Europe;
and is the author of a memorial sermon
on the Life of the Rev. Thomas Crump-
ton, D. D. ; and is now publishing a His
tory of Grace Church of Pittsburgh, Pa.
COTHEAL, ALEXANDER ISAAC, di
plomatist, was born in 1804 in New York,
N. Y. He was an oriental scholar of New
York city who published Sketch of the
Language of the Mosquito Indians; and
Atoff the Generous, a translation from the
Arabic. He died in 1894.
COTHRAN, JAMES S., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Aug. 8,
1830, in Abbeville county, S. C. He en
tered the confederate service as a private
soldier; and was at the surrender of the
army of northern Virginia at Appomat-
tox, having attained to the rank of cap
tain. He was appointed to fill the judge-
ship of the circuit to fill a vacancy caused
by the death of Judge Thomson in 1881;
and was elected by the legislature to the
same office the following winter, and re-
elected in 1885. He was elected to the
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as a
democrat.
COTTERAL, J. L. T., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Alabama from 1846 to 1847.
COTTING, JOHN RUGGLES, scientist,
author, was born in 1783 in Acton, Mass.
He was a noted Georgia scientist, and
the author of Introduction to Chemistry;
Lectures on Geology; and Soils and Ma
nures. He died in 1867.
COTTMAN, JOSEPH S., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 16, 1803, in Som
erset county, Md. He served in the Mary
land legislature; was a presidential elect
or in 1849, and was a member of congress
from 1851 to 1853. He died in 1863 in
Somerset county, Md.
COTTMAN, VINCENDON LEZARE,
naval officer, was born Feb. 13, 1852, in
Ascension Parish. La. In 1884 he was
appointed lieutenant of the United States
navy, and in 1889 was secretary of the in
ternational marine conference at Wash
ington, D. C.
COTTON, AYLETT R., educator, law
yer, congressman, was born Nov. 29, 1826.
in Austintown, Ohio. He removed to Iowa
in 1844, and crossed the plains to Cali
fornia in 1849, and returned to Iowa in
1851. He was appointed judge of Clinton
county in 1851, and was prosecuting at
torney of the same county in 1854. He
was a member of the state constitutional
convention in 1857, and was a member of
the state legislature in 1868 and 1870, serv
ing as speaker. He was elected to the
forty-second and forty-third congresses as
a republican.
254
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COTTON, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born Dec. 4, 1585, in England. He was the
foremost clergyman of his century in New
England. He came to the Massachusetts
colony in 1633, having been for twenty
years vicar of St. Botolph's church in
Boston, Lincolnshire. He was at once
made teacher of the church in the new
settlement of Boston, and until his death
exercised an influence in church and state
unequaled by any one since in New Eng
land. His principal works comprise The
Bloody Tenet Washed and Made White in
the Blood of the Lamb, a reply to Roger
Williams's famous Bloody Tenet of Per
secution; A Brief Exposition upon Eccle-
siastes; The Covenant of Grace; The Keys
of the Kingdom of Heaven; The Way of
the Congregational Churches Cleared; The
Way of Life; Treatise Concerning Predes
tination; The New Covenant; and Meat
for Strong Men, Spiritual Milk for Babes.
He died Dec. 23, 1652, in Boston, Mass.
COTTON, JOHN, clergyman, was born
March 13, 1640, in Boston, Mass. He was
minister for thirty years in Plymouth,
Mass., and afterward in Charleston, S. C.
He was eminent for his acquaintance with
the Indian language, frequently preached
to the aborigines at Martha's Vineyard
and Plymouth, and revised and corrected
the whole of Eliot's Indian Bible. He died
Sept. 18, 1699, in Charleston, S. C.
COTTRELL, CALVERT BYRON, man
ufacturer, inventor, was born Aug. 21,
1821, in Westerly, R. I. He has devoted
himself exclusively to invention and im
provement in matters belonging to print
ing and press manufacture. One of his
latest and most important inventions is a
shifting tympan for a Web perfecting
press.
COUCH, DARIUS NASH, soldier, was
born July 23, 1822, in South East, N. Y.
He was graduated at the United States
military academy in
1846, and assigned to
the fourth artillery,
with which he served
in the Mexican war,
gaining the brevet of
first lieutenant, in
1847, for gallant con
duct at Buena Vista.
He served against
the Seminoles in
1849-50, and in 1853,
when on a leave of
absence, made an ex
ploring expedition into Mexico, which is
mentioned in the United States senate re
ports.
COUCHMAN, WESLEY, clergyman, ed
ucator, poet, was born Aug. 25, 1853, in
Margaretville, N. Y. In 1878 he graduated
from the Wesleyan university of Middle-
town, Conn., and was the class poet. He
had previously attended the Claverack
academy, New York. Many years of his
life have been devoted to educational
work; and fifteen years as a mechanic.
He has attained eminence as a clergyman
of the methodist episcopal church, and has
filled pastorates in New York and Penn
sylvania. He has also given much of
his time to literary work, and many of
his poems have appeared in current liter
ature and various standard works.
COUDERT, FREDERICK RENE, law
yer, was born in 1832, in New York city.
He was elected president of the Bar Asso
ciation of New York city, and represented
the Chamber of Commerce at the inter
national congress at Antwerp, for the
framing of international rules of general
average. He recently represented the
United States as one of its counsel be
fore the international tribunal appointed
to determine the Behring Sea controversy.
COUES, ELLIOTT, naturalist, author,
was born Sept. 9, 1842, in Portsmouth, N.
H. He is an eminent naturalist connected
with the Smithsonian institution. He is
the author of Key to North American
Birds; Field Ornithology; Birds of the
Northwest; Fur-Bearing Animals; Check
List of North American Birds; Birds of
the Colorado Valley; New England Bird
Life (with W. A. Stearns); Biogen, a
Speculation on the Origin of Life; The
Daemon of Darwin; and Our Native Birds.
COULDOCK, CHARLES WALTER,
actor, was born April 26, 1815, in England.
His first appearance in this country was
at the Broadway theater. He subsequent
ly supported Charlotte Cushman, and was
successful as Jacques in As You Like It,
and as Luke Fielding in The Willow
Copse. His rendition of Dunstan Kirke
in Hazel Kirke at the Madison Square the
ater was especially powerful.
COULTER, JOHN MERLE, botanist,
author, was born Nov. 20, 1851, in China.
He is a botanist and was president of the
Indiana State university in 1891-93. He
is the author of Synopsis of the Flora of
Colorado (with T. C. Porter); Manual of
Rocky Mountain Botany; Manual of Tex
an Botany; and Text-Book of Western
Botany.
COULTER, RICHARD, jurist, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1827 to
1835. At the time of his death was judge
of the supreme court of Pennsylvania. He
died April 21, 1852, in Westmoreland
county, Pa.
COUNCILL, WILLIAM HOOPER, edu
cator, college president, was born July 12,
1848, in Fayetteville, N. C. He was
brought to Alabama by the traders of 1857
through the famous Richmond slave pen.
In 1883 he was admitted to the bar, but
has never left the profession of teaching
for a day. He has occupied high posi
tions in the church, temperance and char
itable organizations. By earnest toil,
self-denial and hard study he has built
up the State Normal Industrial school of
Alabama, of which he is president, and
which is one of the largest institutions in
the south. He is also the president of the
Agricultural and Mechanical college of
Alabama for Negroes.
COUNCILMAN, WILLIAM THOMAS,
physician, author, was born in 1854, in
Maryland. He is a physician and instruc
tor at the Harvard Medical school, and the
author of Contribution to the Study of
Inflammation; On Arterio Sclerosis;
Syphilis of the Lungs; and On the ^Eti
ology of Malaria; and other works.
COURTENAY, AUSTIN MATLACK,
clergyman, lecturer, author, was born
April 22, 1850, in St. Louis, Mo. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the public schools of his native city, in
various private schools and academies,
and graduated from the Virginia Theolog
ical seminary. He has filled pastorates in
the methodist episcopal churches in Mary
land, Baltimore City, Pittsburg and Mead-
ville, Pa. He has been a lecturer of Chris
tian Evidences in the Allegheny college,
and is a noted public lecturer and ora
tor of unusual ability. He has received
the degree of doctor of divinity from
Dickinson college; and Is the author of
numerous articles which have appeared in
current magazines and church papers.
COURTENAY, EDWARD HENRY,
mathematician, author, was born in 1803
in Maryland. He was a civil engineer and
was professor of mathematics in the uni
versity of Virginia from 1842-53. He pub-
li.^he-d a Treath-e on Differential Calculus
and the Calculus of Variations. He died
Dec. 21, 1853, in Charlottesville, Va.
COURTER, FRANKLIN C., artist, was
born July 20, 1854, in Caldwell, N. J. In
1888 he was appointed professor of draw
ing and painting in Albion college,
Albion, Mich. His best known ideal pic
ture is his painting of Lincoln Showing
Sojourner Truth the Bible Presented Him
by the Colored People of Baltimore.
COURTNEY, THEODORE. He has at
tained prominence as one of the fore
most men of Kansas, and has taken an
active part in the political affairs of that
state.
COURTRIGHT. SAMUEL W., lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 9, 1842, in Pickaway
county, Ohio. He is a prominent lawyer
of Circleville, Ohio; was city solicitor for
two terms; president of the board of edu
cation for five years; and prosecuting at
torney of his county for two terms. He
has filled various public positions of
honor, and for five years was judge of the
court of common pleas.
COUSINS, JAMES, agriculturist, legis
lator, was born March 3, 1849, in England.
For many years he was engaged in the
manufacture of brick; and since 1884 has
been a farmer in Pittsford, Mich. He was
a member of the Michigan house of rep
resentatives in 1895-96, and received the
re-election in 1897-98.
COUSINS, ROBERT G., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1859 in Cedar
county, Iowa. In 1886 he was elected to
the Iowa legislature, and was elected by
the house of representatives as one of the
prosecutors for the Brown impeachment,
tried before the senate during 1887. In
1888 he was elected prosecuting attorney
and also presidential elector for the fifth
congressional district. He was elected to
the fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a republican.
COUTLER, JOHN F., farmer, legislator,
state senator, was born Nov. 15, 1840, In
Cass county, Mich. In 1870 he was elected
a member of the Michigan state legislat
ure. He moved to Nebraska in 1874, and
was there elected to the state senate in
1878. In 1882 he moved to Kansas, and
was elected to the legislature of that state
in 1884, and again in 1892.
COVELL, ALTON GILES, lawyer, legis--
lator, financier, was born June 8, 1854, in
Erie, Pa. He received an academic edu
cation and was ad
mitted to the bar in
1880. In 1883 he
moved to North Da
kota, where he has,
financially, large and
extensive interests in
wheat and stock
farms, and in a gen-
e r a 1 mercantile
house. He served two
terms as state's at
torney for Wells
county; and he has
been prominently connected with the pub
lic affairs of his county and state; and has
served one term as a member of the North
Dakota state legislature. He is interested
In numerous business enterprises, and has
contributed extensively to various chari
table institutions.
COVELL, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 4, 1796, in Marblehead,
Mass. He was a methodist clergyman of
New York and Vermont who published a
Dictionary of the Bible. He died May 15,
1845, in Troy, N. Y.
COVERT, GEORGE, physician, surgeon,
was born Dec. 7, 1829, in Ovid, N. Y. He
is a graduate of the Bennett College of
Physicians and Surgeons of Chicago, 111.;
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
255
has been school superintendent, president
of the State Medical society, president of
the National Medical association, and pro
fessor of obstetrics in his alma mater. He
is well known as a frequent contributor to
medical literature, and is a successful phy
sician and surgeon of Clinton, Wia,
COVERT, JAMES W., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 2, 1842, in
Oyster -Bay, N. Y. In 1867 he was elected
school commissioner and served three
years, at the same time acting as assist
ant district attorney of his county. He
was surrogate of Queen's county from 1870
to 1874; and was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-
third congresses as a democrat.
COVINGTON, GEORGE W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 12, 1838, in Ber
lin, Md. In 1867 he was elected a member
of the constitutional convention of Mary
land from Worcester county, and served
in said body as a member of the judiciary
committee. In 1880 he was nominated
over eight competitors, and was elected
to the forty-seventh congress, and was re-
elected to the forty-eighth congress as a
democrat.
COVINGTON, LEONARD, soldier, con
gressman, was born Oct. 30, 1768, in
Aqua sco, Md. He was a member of the
legislature of Maryland, and was elected a
representative in congress from that state
from 1805 to 1807. In 1813 he was ordered
to the northern frontier, and appointed
by President Madison, brigadier-general.
He died Nov. 14, 1813, in French Mills,
N. Y.
COVODE, JOHN, merchant, congress
man, was born March 17, 1808, in West
moreland county, Pa. He was elected
from Pennsylvania a representative to
the thirty-fourth congress, and re-elected
to the thirty-fifth, thirty-sixth, thirty-
seventh and fortieth congresses as a re
publican. He died Jan. 11, 1871, in Har-
risburg, Pa.
COWAN, EDGAR, lawyer, United States
senator, was born Sept. 19, 1815, in West
moreland county, Pa. He was chosen a
senator in congress, from Pennsylvania,
for the term ending in 1867. In 1860 he
was a presidential elector and was a del
egate to the Philadelphia National Union
convention of 1866. He died Aug. 29, 1885,
in Greensburg, Pa.
COWAN, FRANK, lawyer, journalist,
author, was born Dec. 11, 1844, in Greens-
burg, Pa. He is a Pennsylvania lawyer
and journalist, who has traveled exten
sively and who entered Corea before that
country had made any treaties with for
eign nations. He is the author of Curious
Facts in the History of Insects; Zomara,
a Romance of Spain; Southwestern Penn
sylvania in Song and Story; The City of
the Royal Palm, and Other Poems; A
Visit in Verse to Honolulu; and Fact
and Fancy in New Zealand.
COWAN, JACOB P., physician, banker,
United States senator, was born March 20,
1823, in Florence, Pa. He was a member
of the state legislature; practiced medi
cine, but became a dealer in real estate
and president of a private bank. In 1874
he was elected a representative from Ohio
to the forty.-fourth congress as a demo
crat.
COWARDIN, JAM^ri A., journalist, au
thor, was born Oct. 6, 1811, near Hot
Springs, Va. In 1865 he founded the Rich
mond Dispatch, and became editor and
part owner. He was the author of Old
Virginia Ham; Olde Virginia Fiddlers,
and other works. He died Nov. 21, 1882,
in Richmond, Va.
COWDERY, JACOB E., soldier, archi
tect, builder, poet, was born Dec. 20, 1836,
at Adams Mill, Ohio. During the war he
served in the four-
t e e n t h regiment
Iowa volunteer in
fantry. For many
years he was en
gaged in educational
work; and is now a
successful architect
and builder in Rich
mond, Mo. He is a
contributor to the
Scientific American
and other publica
tions; and is the au
thor of a number of meritorious poems.
His wife, Mrs. Louisa Cowdery, is also a
poet of Missouri.
COWDERY, JONATHAN, surgeon, was
born April 22, 1767, in Sandisfield, Mass.
He served in the frigate Philadelphia,
which was stranded on the coast of Tri
poli in 1803, and was a prisoner in the
hands of the Turks nearly two years. In
1806 he published a journal of his cap
tivity. He died Nov. 29, 1852, in Norfolk,
Va.
COWDIN, JASPER BARNETT, poet.
He is the author of Esther's Wedding and
Other Poems.
COWELL, BENJAMIN, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born in 1781 in Wrentham,
Mass. He was a clerk of the federal
courts, and for a time chief justice of the
court of common pleas in Providence, R.
I. In 1850 he published a volume of his
tory entitled The Spirit of '76. He died
May 6, 1860, in Providence, R. I.
COWEN, BENJAMIN RUSH, soldier,
public official, was born Aug. 15, 1831, in
Moorfield, Ohio. In 1861 he enlisted in
the volunteer army, and became an ad
ditional paymaster, serving under McClel-
lan and Rosecrans, and in the same year
was elected secretary of state, but re
signed in 1862. He was appointed ad
jutant-general of Ohio in 1864, and served
as such for four years, receiving three
brevets. He was also an inspector of mil
itary prisons, and subsequently went into
the iron and coal business at Bellaire. He
was a delegate to the National Philadel
phia convention of 1866, and the Chicago
convention of 1868, of which he was sec
retary. In 1871 he was appointed assistant
secretary of the interior department, and
was also a leading member of the repub
lican committee of Ohio, and chairman of
the state committee.
COWEN, BENJAMIN S., physician,
journalist, congressman, was born in 1793
in Washington county, N. Y. In 1839 he
was a delegate to the convention that
nominated General Harrison for president,
and in 1840 was elected to congress. Dur
ing 1845-46 he was a member of the Ohio
legislature, and from 1847 till 1852 was
presiding judge of the court of common
pleas. He died Sept. 27, 1869, in St. Clairs-
ville, Ohio.
COWEN, ESEK, jurist, author, was
born Feb. 24, 1787, in Rhode Island. In
1812 he was one of the founders, in North
umberland, Saratoga county, N. Y., of the
first temperance society in the United
States. He was the author of Civil Juris
diction of Justices of the Peace in New
York; New York Reports, 1823-28; and a
Digested Index of Reports, and edited
Phillipps on Evidence.
COWEN, JOHN K., lawyer, congress
man, railroad president, was born Oct. 28,
1844, in Millersburg, Ohio. He removed to
Baltimore, Md., in 1872, and has been prac
ticing law in that city since that date. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth congress as
a democrat. Since 1896 he has been presi
dent of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad.
COWEN, PATRICK H., author. He was
the author of Digest of Criminal Decisions
of the Court of New York; Reports of
Criminal Cases; and The Poor Laws of
the State of New York.
COWGILL, CALVIN, lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 7, 1819, in Clinton
county, Ohio. He moved to Wabash coun
ty, Ind., in 1846, and practiced his profes
sion. He was a representative in the state
legislature in 1851; was county treasurer
from 1855 to 1859; was provost-marshal
from 1862 to 1865; and again in the legis
lature during the special session in 1865.
He was elected a representative from Indi
ana to the forty-sixth congress as a repub
lican.
COWHERD, WILLIAM STROTHER,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 1,
1860, in Jackson county, Mo. He was ap
pointed assistant prosecuting attorney of
Jackson county in 1885, and served four
years in that capacity. He was appointed
first assistant city counselor of Kansas
City in 1890, and served for two years. He
was elected mayor of Kansas City in 1892,
and served one term of two years. He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
COWLES, ANDREW D., lawyer, state
legislator, was born July 31, 1856, in Elk-
ville, N. C. He has attained success as
one of the foremost lawyers of North Car
olina at Statesville. He has been post
master of his city; held a position in the
revenue service, and was lieutenant and
then captain of the Iredell Blues. In 1898
he organized the North Carolina quota for
the Spanish-American war, and was sub
sequently appointed colonel of the second
regiment of the North Carolina volun
teers.
COWLES, AUGUSTUS WOODRUFF,
clergyman, educator, college president,
was born July 12, 1819, in Reading, N. Y.
In 1847-56 he was pastor of the presbyte-
rian church in Brockport, and was then
made president of Elmira college, where
he still remains.
COWLES, EDWARD PITKIN, lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1815 in Canaan, Conn.
He was admitted to the bar in 1839, and
entered into practice at Hudson, N. Y.,
with his brother, Colonel Cowles, of the
one hundred and twenty-eighth New York
volunteers, who was killed at Port Hud
son. He died Dec. 2, 1874, in Chicago, 111.
COWLES, GEORGE W., educator, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born in
Otisco, N. Y. He was elected a represent
ative from New York to the forty-first
congress, and served as judge of Wayne
county, N. Y., during 1863-70.
COWLES, GILES HOOKER, clergyman,
was born Aug. 26, 1766, in Farmington,
Conn. In 1810 he was appointed by the
Connecticut missionary society to travel
through Ohio, and formed or assisted in
forming most, if not all, of the congrega
tional churches in the northeastern part
of that state. He died July 16, 1835, in
Austinburg, Ohio.
COWLES, HENRY, clergyman, theolog
ian, author, was born April 24, 1803, in
Norfolk, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman who was professor of theology
at Oberlin college in 1835-48. He was the
author of Gospel Manna for Christian Pil
grims; Hebrew History; and Critical
Notes on the Old and New Testament, in
sixteen volumes. He died Sept. 6, 1881.
COWLES, HENRY B., lawyer, congress
man, was born March 18, 1798, in Hart
ford, Conn. He served as a member of
the New York legislature from Putnam
county. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1829 to 1831.
256
HKKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COWLES, W. H. H., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 22, 1840, in
Hamutonville, N. C. He served in the
•confederate army; and was twice wound
ed. He was reading clerk of the senate of
North Carolina from 1872 to 1874; and in
the latter year was elected solicitor of the
tenth judicial district of the state, in
•which position he served four years. He
was a member of the democratic state ex
ecutive committee for eight years; and
in 1884 was elected a representative from
North Carolina to the forty-ninth con
gress; and received the re-election to the
fiftieth, fifty-first and fifty-second con-
gresses as a democrat.
COWLES, WILLIAM HUTCHINSON.
lawyer, journalist, was born Aug. 14, 1866,
in Evanston, 111. In 1887 he graduated
from Yale college with the degree of A.
B. ; in 1889 graduated from the Yale Law
school, and the same year was admitted
to the Connecticut bar. He is the editor
and owner of the Morning Spokane Re
view of Spokane, Wash.
COWLEY, CHARLES, lawyer, author,
was born in 1832 in England. He is a
lawyer of Lowell, and the author of Mem
ories of the Indians and Pioneers of Low
ell; Illustrated History of Lowell; Famous
Divorces of all Ages; and Our Divorce
Courts.
COWLEY, GEORGE B., physician, jour
nalist, state legislator, poet, was born
May 1C, 1861, near Rio, Wis. In 1882 he
graduated from the
Missouri Medical col
lege of St. Louis. He
is the editor and
owner of The Chief
of Cowgill, Mo. He
has filled many im
portant public offices
in his county and
state; and in 1897
S » was elected a mem
ber of the Missouri
state legislature. He
is the author of a
number of religious and historical poems.
His poems have appeared in Poets of
America, and other standard collections.
COX, ABRAHAM SIDDON. surgeon,
was 'born in 1800 in New York. He had
been for many years one of the most emi
nent medical practitioners of New York
city. At the beginning of the war he be
came a surgeon in the army, and at the
time of his death was surgeon-in-chief of
the first division, twentieth corps, army of
the Cumberland. He died July 29, 1864,
at Lookout Mountain, Tenn.
COX, ALBERT HILL, lawyer, state leg
islator, was born Dec. 25, 1848, in Troup
county, Ga. He was solicitor-general of
the Coweta circuit in 1872-76; in 1876-78
was elected state representative in the
general assembly; and in 1888 was a dele-
gate-at-large to the national democratic
convention.
COX, ALLEN M., lawyer, public official,
was born Sept. 30, 1843, in St. Lawrence
county, N. Y. For eight years he was
mayor of Conneaut, Ohio; has been prose
cuting attorney, and for several years was
United States commissioner.
COX, ARGUS, lawyer, jurist, was born
Nov. 26, 1856, in Van Buren county, Iowa.
In 1887 he was elected prosecuting attor
ney of Wright county, Mo., and in 1892
was elected judge of the eighteenth cir
cuit.
COX, BENJAMIN H., lawyer, was born
March 16, 1851, in Cincinnati, Ohio. He
graduated from the Cincinnati Law school,
and has become one of the foremost law
yers of Ohio. He has been a member of
the Cincinnati city council, and a mem
ber of the board of education of his native
-
COX, CHRISTOPHER C., physician,
lieutenant-governor, was born Aug. 16,
1816, in Baltimore, Md. He was appointed
commissioner of pensions in 1868; a mem
ber of the board of health in 1871, acting
as president of the board for several
years. His special line of study was med
icine, and he practiced both as a physician
and a surgeon; and was for one year a
professor in one of the Philadelphia col
leges. He served as president of a medi
cal society; as a surgeon in the army dur
ing the rebellion, and was surgeon-general
of the state of Maryland. Before the close
of the war he was elected lieutenant-gov
ernor of Maryland.
COX, E. ST. JULIAN, lawyer, jurist,
was born Feb. 21, 1833, in Switzerland,
during a temporary sojourn of his father's
family, who was vice-consul at that time.
He was educated at the Academy, of the
Protestant Episcopal church of Philadel
phia; studied law, moved to Wisconsin in
1852, and was subsequently admitted to
the bar. In 1857 he practiced law in St.
Peter, Minn., and the following year was
appointed United States court commis
sioner. During the war he was commis
sioned first lieutenant of company E, sec
ond regiment Minnesota volunteer infan
try, and has done good service for his
country as captain of company E, first
regiment Minnesota Rangers, cavalry, in
charge of frontier posts. He has been
judge of Waukesha county, Wis.; United
States commissioner of Minnesota, and
judge of the ninth judicial district of
Minnesota. He now practices his profes
sion in Los Angeles, Cal., to which city
he moved on account of ill health.
COX, EDWARD TRAVERS, geologist,
was born April 21, 1821, in Virginia. He
is a geologist of New York city who made
a number of important surveys, and pub
lished Annual Reports of the Geological
Survey of Indiana.
COX, HANNAH, abolitionist, was born
in 1796 in Philadelphia, Pa. She joined
the first movement in favor of emancipa
tion, being a co-laborer with Benjamin
Lundy, Garrison, Lucretia Mott, and John
G. Whittier. For years she and her hus
band, who survived her in his ninety-first
year, received fugitive slaves. She died
April 15, 1876, in Longwood, Pa.
COX, ISAAC NEWTON, congressman,
was born Aug. 1, 1846, in Fallsburgh, N. Y.
He has been frequently sent as delegate
to democratic conventions, state and local.
In 1886 he was appointed chairman of the
commission to make an examination of
the Northern Pacific railroad, and was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
COX, JACOB DOLSON, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, author, was born Oct. 27,
1828, of American parents, in Montreal.
Canada. In 1861 he was appointed a brig
adier-general of Ohio volunteers; and was
promoted to the rank of major-general.
He was chosen governor of Ohio for the
years 1866-67: and in 1869 was appointed
secretary of the interior department. He
was elected a representative from Ohio to
the forty-fifth congress. He is the author
of Atlanta; The March to the Sea; and
The Second Battle of Bull Run as Con
nected with the Fitz-John Porter Case.
COX, JAMES, artist, was born in 1751 in
England. For many years he was the
fashionable drawing-master in Philadel
phia and did much to advance the flne
arts. He made a remarkable collection of
works on the fine arts, numbering over
5,000 volumes, which he sold, during the
latter part of his life, to the Library com
pany of Philadelphia, for an annuity of
$400. He died in 1834 in Philadelphia,
Pa.
COX, JAMES, soldier, congressman, was
born in 1753 in Montgomery county, N. J.
He was a member of the state legislature,
and speaker of the assembly. He com
manded a company of militia in the revo
lution; and was subsequently a brigadier-
general of militia. He was a representa
tive in congress from New Jersey during
the years 1809 and 1810. He died Sept. 12,
1810, in Monmouth county, N. J.
COX, JAMES FARLEY, marine under
writer, was born Feb. 1, 1830, in Locust
Valley, L. I. He originated, established
and carried to success the system of in
dividual underwriting in America, and
with Douglas Robinson, at that time his
partner, created the United States Lloyds.
COX, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist, was born
Aug. 4, 1822, in Chambersburg, Pa. In
1830 he moved with his parents to Cin
cinnati, Ohio, which city has since been
his home. He received his education in
the Miami university of Oxford, and grad
uated from the Cincinnati Law school,
from which institution he received the de
grees of A. M. and LL. D. He has been
prosecuting attorney of his county at Cin
cinnati; judge of the court of common
pleas for fifteen years; and judge of the
first circuit court for fourteen years.
Judge Cox is an honorary member of the
celebrated Literary club of Cincinnati, and
a prominent member of several literary,
historical and archseological societies. He
has been prominent as a lecturer on those
subjects, many of which have received
publication in book form.
COX, KENYON, painter, was born Oct.
27, 1856, in Warren, Ohio. He has painted
portraits and landscapes, but prefers the
decorative treatment of the human figure.
Has also illustrated and written on artis
tic subjects. His principal works in public
places are: Venice, a decorative painting
in Walker art building, Bowdoin college
of Brunswick, Maine; and The Art and
The Science, two decorations in the Li
brary of congress in Washington, D. C.
COX, LEANDER M., soldier, congress
man, was born in Virginia. Moving to
Kentucky, he was elected a representa
tive from that state to the thirty-third and
thirty-fourth congresses. He served as a
captain in the Mexican war; was grand
master of the order of Free Masons in
1843, and a presidential elector in 1853.
COX, LEMUEL, master mechanic, was
born in 1736 in Boston, Mass. He was
the inventor of a machine for cutting
card-wire, the first projector of a powder-
mill in Massachusetts, and the first to sug
gest employing the prisoners on Castle isl
and to make nails. He died Feb. 18, 1806,
in Charlestown, Mass.
COX, NICHOLAS NICHOLS, soldier,
farmer, lawyer, congressman, was born
Jan. 6, 1837, in Bedford county, Tenn. He
was a confederate
colonel and served
during most of the
war with General
Forrest. He was an
elector on the Breck-
inridge and Lane
ticket in 1860, and
was elector on the
Greeley ticket in
1872. He was elected
to the fifty-second,
fifty-third and fifty-
fourth congresses
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
COX, PALMER, artist, author, was
born April 28, 1840, in Canada. He be
came famous the world over as the author
of a series of books entitled The Brown
ies, Their Book; Another Brownie Book,
HKKKINGSHAWS KNCYCLOPBDIA OF AAIKRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
257
and other works. His articles and poems
have appeared constantly in St. Nicholas,
Wide Awake, Harper's Young People, Lit
tle Folks, and various other well-known
publications. A volume entitled Queer
People contains a collection of many of
his contributions to juvenile literature, lu
his younger days he lived on the Pacific
coast, and there published Squibs of Cali
fornia and various other works. He illus
trates his own works, and has a studio
and sanctum on Broadway, New York
city. His other works are: Hans Von
Fetter's Trip to Gotham; How Columbus
Found America; That Stanley; Queer
People, such as Goblins, etc.; Queer Peo
ple with Claws and Wings; Queer People
with Wings and Stings.
COX. SAMUEL HANSON, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 25, 1793, in Rah-
way, N. J. He was a presbyterian clergy-
. man of the new
school party noted
for his eccentricities
and fondness for
controversy. He was
the author of Qua
kerism not Christi
anity; Theopneus-
ton, or Select Scrip
tures Considered;
Interviews Memora
ble and Useful; and
a number of other
works. He died Oct.
2, 1881, in Bronxville, N. Y.
COX, SAMUEL SULLIVAN, statesman,
author, was born in 1824 in Ohio. He was
a noted democratic congressman from
Ohio, and later from
New York, who was
a popular lecturer,
humorist, and writer
of travels. He was
minister to Turkey
in 1885-86. He is the
author of Eight
Years in Congress;
Why We Laugh ;
Three Decades of
Federal Legislation;
Diversions of a Dip
lomat in Turkey; A
Buckeye Abroad; Search for Winter Sun
beams in the Riviera, Corsica, Algiers,
and Spain; Arctic Sunbeams; Orient Sun
beams; and Free Land and Free Trade.
He died Sept. 10, 1889, in New York city.
COX, THOMAS BOLIN, soldier, lawyer,
was born Oct. 14, 1838, in Greensboro,
Ala. He attended the Howard college,
Alabama, and in 1870 completed his law
course at the university of Virginia. He
served as a soldier in behalf of the con
federacy; fought at the battles of Shiloh,
Corinth, Port Gibson, Atlanta and Nash
ville; was wounded twice, captured once,
and surrendered with Gen. Johnston at
Greensboro, N. C. He practices law in
Waco, Tex., in which state he has prac
ticed his profession for nearly twenty
years. He was one of the founders and
builders of Baylor university, and also
the First Baptist church of Waco.
COX, THOMAS LILLARD, educator,
merchant, was born Oct. 18, 1859, in De-
catur, Tenn. In 1882 he was elected
president of Clinton college, Arkansas,
for four years; and in 1886 he became
superintendent of the public schools of
Morrillton. In 1895 he purchased the old
est and largest book and stationery house
in Arkansas, and became president of the
company' at Little Rock.
COX, WALTER S., lawyer, jurist, was
born Oct. 25, 1826, in Georgetown, D. C.
In 1879 he was appointed an associate
justice of the supreme court of the Dis
trict of Columbia.
17
COX, WILLIAM RUFFIN, soldier,
planter, legislator, congressman, was
born March 11, 1832, in Scotland Neck,
N. C. He received
his education at the
Franklin college,
Tennessee, and at
the ' Lebanon Law
school. During the
war he became a
brigadier-general in
the confederate ser
vice. He attained
success as a lawyer,
and was solicitor of
the sixth judicial
circuit court. He
served with distinction as judge of the
fourth judicial district court of North
Carolina. He was a member of the forty-
seventh, forty-eighth and forty-ninth con
gresses; and served as secretary of the
United States senate. He has been a suc
cessful planter and is now largely en
gaged in agriculture.
COX, WINFRED DOUGLASS, clergy
man, was born Feb. 12, 1858, in Monroe
county, W. Va. After receiving the rudi
ments of his education in the public
schools he attended the Northwestern
university of Evanston, 111.; and the Law
rence university of Appleton, Wis. Since
1881 he has been engaged in the minis
try, and has filled pastorates in the
Methodist Episcopal church in various
cities in Wisconsin, and is now at Me-
nominee Falls. He has contributed many
valuable articles to current literature.
COXE, ALFRED C., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Auburn, N. Y. In 1882 he was
appointed United States district judge for
the northern district of New York, his
grandfather, Hon. Alfred Conkling, hav
ing formerly held the same position.
COXE, ARTHUR CLEVELAND, bishop,
author, poet, was born May 10, 1818, in
Mendham, N. J. He was the second pro-
testant episcopal bishop of western New
York. He was the author of Christian
Ballads; Halloween; Athanasius and
Other Poems; Advent, a Mystery; Saul, a
Mystery; Athwold. a' Romaunt; St. Jona
than, the Lay of a Scald; and Letters to
Monsignore Satolli. His other works com
prise Impressions of England; Thoughts
on the Services; Apollos, or the Way of
God; The Criterion, a Means of Distin
guishing Truth from Error; Institutes of
Christian History; Signs of the Times;
L'Episcopat cle 1'Occident, a defense of
Anglican theology; and The Penitential.
He died in 1896.
COXE, ECKLEY BRINTON, mining en
gineer, author, was born June 4. 1839, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a Pennsylvania
mining engineer who has published Theo
retical Mechanics.
COXE, FRANK, banker, capitalist, was
born Nov. 2, 1840, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He is president of the Commercial Na
tional bank of Charlotte, N. C. ; and the
Charleston, Cincinnati and Chicago rail
way. He is the sole owner of the Battery
Park hotel of Asheville, N. C., and the
Battery Park bank.
COXE, FRANK MORRELL, soldier,
was born in 1845, in Philadelphia, Pa.
During the civil war he was promoted to
captain, and in 1866 transferred to the
regular army as captain of infantry. In
1876 he was appointed major, and is now
lieutenant-colonel and deputy paymaster-
general. His principal service during the
past thirty years has been on line and
staff duty on the plains and frontier of
Texas, Arizona and the Pacific slope.
COXE, JOHN REDMAN, physician, au
thor, was born in 1773 in Trenton, N. J.
He was a noted physician who was the
first to introduce the practice of vaccina
tion in Philadelphia, and was the author
of Inflammation; Importance of Medi
cine; Vaccination; Combustion; Ameri
can. Dispensatory; Recognition of Friends
in Another World; Agaricus Atramenta-
rius; The Writings of Hippocrates and
Galen Epitomized; Refutation of Har
vey's Claim to the Discovery of the Cir
culation of the Blood; and Appeal to the
Public. He died March 22, 1864, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
COXE, MARGARET, author, was born
in 1800 in Burlington, N. J. She was the
author of Claims of the Country on
American Females; Wonders of the
Deep; and Ladies' Companion.
COXE, TENCH, political economist, au
thor, was born May 22, 1755, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a once noted Philadel
phia writer on commerce and political
economy, and the author of Inquiry into
the Principles of a Commercial System for
the United States; View of the United
States; On the Navigation Act; Thoughts
on Naval Power; and Address on Ameri
can Manufactures. He died July 17, 1824,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
COXE, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1813 to 1815; served in
the state legislature, and was chosen
speaker of the assembly. He died in Bur
lington, Vt.
COY, EDWARD GUSTIN, educator, au
thor, was born Aug. 23, 1844, in Ithaca,
N. Y. He was a professor in Phillips
academy of Andover until 1892, when he
was elected headmaster of Hotchkiss
school of Lakeville, Conn. He is the au
thor of Greek for Beginners; and First
Greek Reader.
COYLE, JOHN HENRY, lawyer, author,
was born Feb. 5, 1856, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
He was admitted to the bar in 1880, and
practices his profession at Antelope, Cal.,
where he has served as justice of the
peace. He is the author of Mining Booms
Past and Present; Bobnot's Ups and
Downs in Politics; and other works.
COYLE, JOHN PATTERSON, clergy
man, author, was born in 1852 in Penn
sylvania. He is a congregational clergy
man, formerly of North Adams, Mass.,
but settled in Denver at the time of his
death. The Imperial Christ, with a Bi
ographical Introduction by George A.
Gates; and The Spirit in Literature and
Life. He died in 1895.
COYNER, CHARLES LUTHER, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Feb. 8, 1853, in
Long Glade, Va. In 1877 he was admitted
to the bar. He has
been town clerk,
deputy surveyor,
county attorney for
ten years, and spe
cial district attorney.
He has served as
special district
judge; judge of the
probate; and judge
of the county courts
of Duval county,
Tex. He was a dele
gate from his county
to the Deep Water national convention in
1892; and a delegate to the World's Fair
at Chicago. He is the author of The Life
of Captain S. B. Coyner (his brother)-
Twenty Years in Texas; A Greenhorn in
Texas; and a Tribute, a poem on the
Coyner Family.
258
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
COZZENS, FREDERICK SCHILLER,
artist, author, was born Oct. 11, 1846, in
New York city. He has published a ser
ies of lithographed
drawings of Ameri
can Yachts, accom
panied with descrip
tions by Lieut.
James D. J. Kelley.
He has also pro
duced a series of
outline-drawings of
vessels of all kinds,
comprising steamers
from 1819 to the
present, American
and English yachts,
and all varieties of American craft pro
pelled by sails, oars, or paddles.
COZZENS, FREDERICK SWARTOUT,
merchant, author, was born March 5,
1818, in New York city. He was a wine
merchant of New York city, once noted as
a humorist, but now neglected. He is the
author of The Sparrowgrass Papers;
Acadia, or a Sojourn among the Blue
Noses; Sayings of Dr. Bushwhacker and
Other Learned Men; Stone House on the
Susquehanna; Prismatics; and Fitz-
Greene Halleck, a Memorial. He died
Dec. 23, 1869, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
COZZENS. ISSACHAR, mineralogist,
author, was born in 1781 in Newport, R. I.
He was a mineralogist who published
History of New York Island.
COZZENS, SAMUEL WOODWORTH,
lawyer, author, was born April 14, 1834, in
Marblehead, Mass. He was a lawyer of
Arizona, and the author of Nobody's Hus
band; The Marvellous Country, or Three
Years in Arizona; The Young Trail
Hunters; The Young Silver Seekers; and
Crossing the Quicksands. He died Nov.
4, 1878, in Thomaston, Ga.
COZZENS, WILLIAM COLE, merchant,
governor, was born Aug. 26, 1811, in New
port, R. I. He became the head of the
dry goods firm of William C. Cozzens and
Co., and about 1857 president of the Rhode
Island Union bank. In 1854 he was mayor
of Newport, subsequently a representative
in the general assembly, and in 1861 a
senator. In 1862 the governor and lieu
tenant-governor having resigned, Mr.
Cozzens, who had been chosen president
of the senate, became acting governor of
the state for about three months. He died
in December, 1876, in Newport, R. I.
CRABB, GEORGE W., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Alabama from
1839 to 1841.
CRABB, JEKnlMIAH, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1795 to 1796.
CRABBE, THOMAS, naval officer, was
born in 1788 in Maryland. He was retired
as commodore in 1862, officiated as prize
commissioner in 1864-65, and was made a
rear-admiral on the retired list in 1866.
He died June 29, 1872, in Princeton, N. J.
CRABTREE, JOHN D., lawyer, soldier,
legislator, Jurist, was born Nov. 19, 1837,
in England. He entered tne civil war as
a private and was promoted to second
lieutenant, captain, and brevet-major. In
1887 he was elected state senator; in 1888
became judge of circuit court thirteenth
judicial circuit of Illinois; and since 1896
has been judge of the appellate court
second district of Illinois.
CRABTREE, LOTTA M., actress, was
born Nov. 7, 1847, in New York city.
At the age of eleven she played the part of
Gertrude in the Loan of a Lover, at Peta-
luma. Her chief successes have been as
Topsy; Sam Willoughby; Firefly; Zip;
Bob; The Little Detective; and Nitouche.
CRADLEBAUGH, JOHN, jurist, con
gressman, was born in Ohio. He was
elected a delegate from the territory of
Nevada to the thirty-seventh congress;
and was subsequently appointed United
States judge for the territory of Utah.
CRAFT, WILLIAM S., clergyman, was
born July 13, 1864, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He acquired the rudiments of his educa
tion in the public schools of his native
city; and subsequently received a col
legiate training. For the past fifteen
years he has been a member of the upper
Iowa conference of the Methodist Epis
copal church; has attained distinction as
an eloquent clergyman of that denomina
tion; and now fills a pastorate in Daven
port, Iowa.
CRAFTS, CLAYTON E., lawyer, state
legislator, was born July 8, 1848, in Au
burn, Ohio. In 1882 he was elected to the
state legislature; has been five times re-
elected; and in 1891 was speaker of the
house. He is regarded as one of the best
lawyers and safest counselors in Chicago.
CRAFTS, EBENEZER, pioneer, was
born in 1740 in Pomfret, Conn. In 1790
he emigrated with his family to the wil
derness of Vermont and there founded the
town that is called after him. He died in
1810 in Craftsbury, Vt.
CRAFTS, JAMES MASON, chemist,
educator, was born March 8, 1839, in Bos
ton, Mass. In 1868-70 he was profes
sor of chemistry at Cornell, and from 1870
till 1880 a member of the faculty in the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in
Boston, although from 1874 till 1880 a
non-resident professor.
CRAFTS, SAMUEL C., statesman, was
born Oct. 6, 1768, in Woodstock, Vt. In
1796, 1800, 1801, 1803, and 1805 he was
elected a member of the house of repre
sentatives of the state. In 1800 he was
appointed a judge of Orleans county court,
and remained such till 1816, during the
last six years as chief judge. From 1825
to 1828 he was again chief judge. In 1816
he was elected a representative in con
gress, and was re-elected for the three
succeeding terms. In 1828 he was elected
governor of Vermont, and was re-elected
in 1829 and 1830. In 1829 he was presi
dent of the constitutional convention; in
1842 was appointed by Governor Paine,
and afterwards elected by the legislature,
a senator in congress for the unexpired
form of one year; thus filling every office
in the gift of Vermont. He died Nov. 19,
1853, in Craftsbury, Vt.
CRAFTS, SARAH J. TIMANUS, author.
She has published Letters to Primary
Teachers; treatises on kindergarten teach
ing; and religious books for the young.
CRAFTS, WALTER, mining engineer,
was born Jan. 21, 1839, in Newton, Mass.
In 1877 he was appointed treasurer and
manager of the Crafts Iron company in
the Hocking valley, Ohio, and in 1883 be
came an official in the Columbus and
Hocking Coal and Iron company.
CRAFTS, WILBUR FISK, was born
Jan. 12, 1850, in Fryeburg. Maine. He is
a congregational clergyman of New York
city and elsewhere; and is now superin
tendent of the National Reform Bureau
of Washington, D. C. He is the author of
Through the Eye to the Heart; Child
hood; The Ideal Sunday School; The
Rescue of Child Soul; Must the Old Tes
tament Go? The Sabbath for Man;
Talks to Boys and Girls about Jesus; Suc
cessful Men of To-Day; and Practical
Christian Sociology.
CRAFTS, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1819. He is
the author of Life of General Grant; His
tory of the United States; and Pioneers
in the Settlement of America.
CRAGIN, AARON H., lawyer, United
States senator, was born Feb. 3, 1821, in
Weston, Vt. He was a member of the
New Hampshire legislature from 1852 to
1855; was elected a representative from
that state te the thirty-fifth congress, and
was re-elected to the thirty-sixth con
gress. In 1859 he was again elected a
member of the state legislature; and in
1864 was elected a senator in congress
from New Hampshire for the term of six
years from 1865; and re-elected for the
term ending in 1877.
CRAGIN, DANIEL, manufacturer, leg
islator, was born Dec. 31, 1836, in Merri-
mack, N. H. During 1875-76 he served as
a representative in
the New Hampshire
state legislature. He
is a successful me
chanic and manufac
turer of wooden
ware; and has taken
a prominent part in
the public affiairs of
Wilton, N. H. While
a member of the
New Hampshire
state legislature he
took an active part
in the passage of numerous bills that
tended to the welfare and prosperity of
his state; and as a successful manufac
turer he has become one of the foremost
and best known in the New England
states.
CRAGIN, FRANCIS WHITTEMORE,
naturalist, was born Sept. 4, 1858, In
Greenfield, N. H. He has attained na
tional prominence as a successful natural
ist of Topeka, Kan.
CRAIDER, FREDERICK, revolutionary
veteran. He fought in the continental
army, and was a veteran also of the war
of 1812-15. He died in August, 1866, in
Meadville., Miss.
CRAIG, CRAIG, soldier, legislator, jur
ist, was born Jan. 10, 1823, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He represented Philadelphia in
the legislature in 1849-50. In 1875 he was
appointed a judge of the court of common
pleas of Philadelphia, and in the follow
ing autumn was elected to the same office.
CRAIG, ALEXANDER JOHNSON, edu
cator, was born Nov. 11, 1823, in Goshen,
N. Y. He became principal of a Milwau
kee school in 1854, and in 1858-59 edited
the Wisconsin Journal of Education at Ra
cine and Madison, Wis. In 1859-60 he was
a member of the legislature. He was pres
ident of the state teachers' association, and
was chosen assistant state superintendent
of schools in 1860, and from 1868 till his
death was superintendent-in-chief. He
died July 5, 1870, in Madison, Wis.
CRAIG, ALLEN, lawyer, state senator,
was born Dec. 25, 1835, in Carbon county,
Pa. In 1859 he was elected district attor
ney of Carbon county, and in 1878 was
elected state senator for the district com
prising Carbon, Monroe and Pike coun
ties.
CRAIG, GEORGE H.. soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Dec. 25,
1848, in Cahaba, Ala. He was promoted
to first lieutenant of infantry, and as
such, in 1863, again entered the confeder
ate service, serving until the end of the
war. He was appointed, in 1874, judge of
the first judicial circuit to fill an unex
pired term; and was elected, in 1874,
judge of the first Judicial circuit for six
years, served the term out, and retired to
practice in Selma. He was elected to the
forty-eighth congress.
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
259
CRAIG, HECTOR, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1823 to 1825; and again
from 1829 to 1830.
CRAIG, ISAAC B., lawyer, legislator,
was born April 28, 1857, in Charleston,
111. He was a member of the Illinois
house of representatives of thirty-sixth
and thirty-seventh general assemblies;
state senator of thirty-eighth and thirty-
ninth general assemblies; and again a
member of the house of representatives of
the fortieth general assembly.
CRAIG, JAMES, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 7, 1820, in Penn
sylvania. He was a member of the Mis
souri legislature in 1847; and was a cap
tain of a volunteer company in the Mexi
can war. He was circuit attorney for the
twelfth judicial circuit in Missouri from
1852 to 1856. He was a representative in
the thirty-fifth congress from Missouri;
and was re-elected to the thirty-sixth con
gress. He was appointed a brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1862, and em
ployed in the west. He died Oct. 21, 1888,
in St. Joseph, Mo.
CRAIG, JOHN, philanthropist, was born
in 1797 in Goffstown, N. H. Besides giv
ing liberally during his lifetime, he be
queathed sums amounting to $105,000 to
various universalist educational institu
tions. He died July 19, 1872, in Roches
ter, N. Y.
CRAIG, JOHN ENSTER, lawyer, legis
lator, was born March 14, 1853, in Clays-
ville, Pa. He attended the common
schools, and in 1887 graduated from the
Washington and Jefferson college. In
1878 he moved to Keokuk, Iowa, and was
admitted to the bar the following year.
In 1886 he was elected a member of the
Iowa legislature; received the re-election
in 1888; and during his service took a
prominent part among the lawmakers of
the state. In 1889 and again in 1891 he
was elected mayor of Keokuk; and un
der his administration great improve
ments were made in that city. His name
was suggested as a candidate for governor
at the convention held at Sioux City in
1889, but he declined to permit his name
to be used in connection with the candi
dacy of that office. He is prominent in
educational and business circles, and has
always taken an active part in all matters
pertaining to the welfare of his adopted
city.
CRAIG, JOSEPH H., physician, sur
geon, was born Oct. 3, 1850, in Windsor,
N. Y. He received his education at the
Glen Roy academy, Lenox college, and in
1875 graduated from the Rush Medical
college of Chicago. He has served as
United States examining surgeon; medi
cal examiner for ten old line insurance
companies; and health physician for three
townships in Clayton county, Iowa.
CRAIG, ROBERT, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1829
to 1833; and again from 1835 to 1841.
CRAiG, ROBERT H., actor, artist, au
thor, was born March 24, 1842, in New
York city. He had talent as a painter,
and was the author of burlesques on Don
Juan, Faust, Hamlet, and Camille. He
died Dec. 8, 1872, in St. Louis, Mo.
CRAIG, SAMUEL ALFRED, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Nov. 19,
1839, in Brookville, Pa. He was commis
sioned captain in the veteran reserve
corps, United States army, and served
continuously four years and three
months. He was elected district attor
ney; and was elected to the fifty-first
congress as a republican.
CRAIG, SAMUEL THOMAS, soldier,
merchant, was born March 22, 1835, in
Corydon, Ind. In his youth he learned
the trade of a carriage maker; and in
1860 crossed the Rocky mountains. He
served gallantly through the civil war, en
listing as a private in company H, first
regiment Iowa volunteer cavalry; was
promoted through all grades and brevet-
ted brigadier-general. He participated in
nearly all of the scouting and battles
with the enemy in southwestern Missouri,
and in Arkansas and other states; crossed
the Ozark mountains; and was mustered
out in 1866. He remained one year in
Texas, and then returned home to Iowa.
He was county auditor for four terms;
and has principally been engaged in mer
cantile business at Albia, Iowa.
CRAIG, WILLIAM, artist, was born in
1829 in Dublin, Ireland. Toward the end
of his life he painted rapidly, and so his
later works were Ruins of Fort
Ticonderoga; On the Hudson (1870);
Hudson River near West Point (1871);
and Falls on the Boquet River. He died
in 1875 in New York.
CRAIGE, BURTON, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 13, 1811, in
Rowan county, N. C. He was a member
of the state legislature in 1832 and 1834;
and was elected to the thirty-third, thir
ty-fourth, thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth
congresses. He died Dec. 30, 1875, in
Concord, N. C.
CRAIK, JAMES, physician, was born in
1731 in Ireland. During the revolutionary
war Dr. Craik served in the medical de
partment, and rose to the first rank.
After the war he removed to the neigh
borhood of Mount Vernon at Washing
ton's request, and attended him in his
last illness. He died Feb. 6, 1814, in Fair
fax county, Va.
CRAIK, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1796 to 1801.
GRAIN, WILLIAM H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 25, 1848, in Gal-
veston, Tex. He settled at Cuero, Te'x. ;
and in 1872 was elected district attorney
for the twenty-third judicial district of
Texas. In 1876 he was elected a state
senator; and in 1884 was elected a repre
sentative from Texas to the forty-ninth
congress; and was re-elected to the fifti
eth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third and
fifty-fourth congresses as a democrat.
CRALLE, RICHARD K.. author, was
born in South Carolina. He was previ
ously an editor and Swedenborgian cler
gyman in Washington. He published
Works of John C. Calhoun, with a me
moir, in six volumes; and several polem
ical works on new church doctrines. He
died June 10, 1864, in Virginia.
CRAM, RALPH ADAMS, architect, au
thor, poet, was born in 1863 in New
Hampshire. He is an architect of Bos
ton, and the author of The Decadent, be
ing the Gospel of Inaction; Black Spirits
and White, a book of ghost stories; and
In the Island of Avalon, a book of poems.
CRAM, THOMAS JEFFERSON, soldier,
was born about 1807 in New Hampshire.
In 1866 he was brevetted brigadier-general
and major-general in the regular army for
his services during the civil war. After
this he served on boards of engineers for
the improvement of harbors on the great
lakes, and on Feb. 22, 1869, was retired.
He died Dec. 20, 1883, in Philadelphia, Pa.
CRAMER, JOHN, state senator, con
gressman, was born Sept. 26, 1779, in
Waterford, N. Y. He was a presidential
elector in 1805; served three years in the
assembly, and three years in the senate
of the state of New York. He was a
member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1821; and was a representative
in congress from New York from 1833 to
1837. He died June 1, 1870, in Waterford,
N. Y.
CRAMER, MICHAEL JOHN, clergy
man, diplomat, was born Feb. 6, 1835, in
Switzerland. He was chaplain in the
United States army from 1864 to 1867;
and in the latter year he was appointed
United States consul at Leipsic, Germany.
In 1870 he was appointed United States
minister to Denmark; in 1881 was trans
ferred in a like capacity to the republic
of Switzerland.
CRAMER, WILLIAM E., journalist, was
born Oct. 29, 1817, in Waterford, N. Y.
He was admitted to the bar, but adopted
the career of journalism. In 1847 he be
came the editor and senior proprietor of
the Milwaukee Evening Wisconsin, in
which position he has continued for half
a century. When he came to Wisconsin,
the state had not adopted its constitu
tion, and he was instrumental in incorpo
rating into its organic law the homestead
exemption clause, and the section provid
ing for the right of married women to re
tain possession of their property.
CRAMP, CHARLES HENRY, was born
May 9, 1828, in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1879
he became president of the William
Cramp and Sons Ship and Engine Build
ing Co., and is now the most conspicuous
shipbuilder of the United States.
CRAMP, WILLIAM, shipbuilder, was
born in 1806, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was a member of the firm incorporated in
1872 under the name of William Cramp
and Sons Ship and Engine Building com
pany. Until 1860 the Cramps were en
gaged in the building of wooden vessels
and ships; and in 1862 they built the iron
clad battleship New Ironsides. He died
July 6, 1879, in Atlantic City, N. J.
CRAMTON, JOHN WILLEY, merchant,
state senator, was born Nov. 10, 1826, in
Tinmouth, Vt. His firm of John W.
Cramton and Co. carry on a large trade
in stoves and hardware, and the Bardwell
house in Rutland has belonged to him for
the last thirty years. He is now president
of the Baxter National bank, the Steam
Stone Cutter Co., the True Blue Marble
Co. and the Rutland Street railroad. He
was a state senator in 1886; state prison
director in 1882-92; and president of Rut
land village for several terms.
CRANCH, CAROLINE A., artist, a
daughter of Christopher Pearse Cranch.
She paints figure pieces with success, and
has a large clientage in Cambridge, Maes.
CRANCH, CHRISTOPHER PEARSE,
clergyman, artist, poet, was born March
8, 1813, in Alexandria, Va. His best
known poem, Thought, was written for
The Dial. His work as a poet is uneven,
but at its best is excellent. It never
strongly appealed to popular tastes, but
was always appreciated by thoughtful
minds. He is the author of Poems, 1844;
The Bird and the Bell, and Other Poems;
Ariel and Caliban, and Other Poems;
Satan: a Libretto; The ^Eneid in English
Blank Verse. The Last of the Hugger-
muggers; and Kobboltzo, are juvenile
prose tales. He died Jan. 20, 1892, in
Cambridge, Mass.
CRANCH, GEORGE, painter. He was a
portrait painter of Washington, D. C.;
and was an associate in the National
academy. He died in 1891.
CRANCH, RICHARD, lawyer, author,
was born in 1726 in England. He was a
lawyer of Braintree, Mass., and the author
of Views of the Prophets concerning Anti-
Christ. He died in 1811.
260
HKRKINT.SHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CRANCH, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born July 17, 1769, in Wey-
mouth, Mass. He was a noted jurist who
was chief justice of
the District of Co
lumbia in 1805-55.
He was the author
of Reports of Cases
in the United States
district court of the
District of Columbia.
1801-41; and Su
preme Court Re
ports, 1800-1815. His
decisions have
shown groat legal
learning and a clear
judicial mind. He died Sept. 1, 1855, in
Washington, D. C.
CRANDALL, CHARLES HENRY, au
thor, poet, was born in 1858 in New York.
He is the author of Wayside Music, a
volume of poems.
CRANDALL, CHARLES L., educator,
author, was born July 20, 1850, in Bridge-
water, N. Y. He was appointed instruc
tor in civil engineering, assistant profes
sor of engineering, and associate professor
of Cornell university. He is the author
of Tables for the Computation of Railway
and Other Earthworks; and Notes on De
scriptive Geometry.
CRANDALL, LUCIAN STEPHEN, in
ventor, was born May 4, 1844, in New
York. He invented the Crandall type
writer; and in 1886 he organized the Par
ish Manufacturing company of Parish,
N. Y.. and began the manufacture of the
American Standard and Victoria. They
were all eventually superseded by the In
ternational, which is his most original
and best work.
CRANDALL, ORESTES AUGUSTUS,
lawyer, financier, author, was born Feb. 25,
1833, near Syracuse, N. Y. He moved to
Illinois in infancy
with his father;
learned the wagon-
maker's trade; and
subsequently became
a prominent member
of the Missouri bar.
In 1868 and in 1872
he was a member of
the Missouri demo
cratic state execu
tive committee; and
in 1868 was a candi
date for state sena
tor. In 1880 he organized the Missouri
Trust company, at Sedalia, Mo., and is
still its president. In 1897 he was ap
pointed by the governor of Missouri a
member of the board of managers of the
state geological bureau. His chief liter
ary works are a book on Money, and sev-
•eral monographs on scientific subjects.
CRANDALL, PRUDENCE, philanthro
pist, was born oept. 3, 1803, in Hopkin-
ton, R. I. She opened a school in Canter
bury, Conn., for young ladies; and was
soon after imprisoned for accepting col
ored girls. She died Jan. 28, 1889, in Elk
Palls, Kan:
CRANDALL, REUBEN, physician, was
born about 1805, in Westchester, N. Y.
He went to Washington, D. C., to teach
Ijotany in 1835, and was arrested and sent
to prison on the charge of circulating in
cendiary pamphlets. He died Feb. 1,
1838, in Jamaica, W. I.
CRANE, ANNE MONCURE, author,
was born Jan. 7, 1838, in Baltimore, Md.
In 1858 she began her first story, entitled
Emily Chester, which was published sev
eral years later. She was also the au
thor of Opportunity and Reginald Archer.
She died Deo. 10, 1873.
CRANE, CEPHAS BENNETT, clergy
man, author, was born in 1833. He is a
baptist clergyman of Boston, and the au
thor of The Spiritual Court of the Chris
tian Church.
CRANE, ELVIN WILLIAMSON, law
yer, state legislator, was born Oct. 20,
1853, in Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1888 he was
appointed prosecutor of Sussex county,
N. Y., and in 1886 was elected to the state
legislature.
CRANE, FRANK IRVING, lumber mer
chant, was born Sept. 26, 1848, in Sharon,
Ohio. He received his education at the
public schools and the academy of his
native city. He is a successful lumber
merchant of Austin, Minn.; and has for
more than a quarter of a century been
identified with the business interests and
prosperity of that city. He has served
with distinction as mayor; and unani
mously received the nomination and
election to a second term by all the party
conventions of that city.
CRANE, HENRY C., clergyman, poet,
was born Nov. 30, 1845, in Norton, Mass.
He was ordained in 1873 as a congrega
tional minister, and has filled pastorates
at Franklin, Mass., Allegheny City, Pa.,
and Springfield, Mo. His poems have ap
peared from time to time in the religious
and secular press.
CRANE, JONATHAN TOWNLEY, cler
gyman, author, was born June 18, 1819, in
Elizabeth, N. J. He was a methodist
clergyman of New Jersey, and the author
of Methodism and its Methods; The Right
Way; Essay on Dancing; Popular Amuse
ments; Arts of Intoxication; and Holiness
the Birthright of all God's Children. He
died Feb. 16, 1880, in Port Jervis, N. Y.
CRANE, JOSEPH H., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in Elizabethtown.
N. J. For many years he was president
judge of the court of common pleas; and
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1829 to 1837. He died Nov. 12,
1852, in Dayton, Ohio.
CRANE, OLIVER, clergyman, oriental
and classical scholar, was born July 12,
1822, in Montclair, N. J. He prepared for
college in his native
city; graduated
from Yale university
in 1845; and from
the Union Theologi
cal seminary in 1848.
He then spent sev
eral years in the
orient, and subse
quently filled pastor-
- ates in Huron and
I Waverly, N. Y., and
.-tWfcfc. ,4f, in Carbondale, Pa.
He is the author of
a critical translation of Virgil's .SSneid;
a volume of verse entitled Minto and
Other Poems; and has prepared-an elab
orate Encyclopedia Class Record, as Class
Secretary; besides many articles on vari
ous subjects. He died in 1896, in Boston,
Mass.
CRANE, RICHARD T., manufacturer,
was born in 1832, in Paterson, N. J. He
incorporated the business with $1,000,000
capital as the Northwestern Manufactur
ing Co., reorganized it as the Crane
Bro.'s Manufacturing Co. and later
changed it to the Crane Co.
CRANE, SIBYLLA BAILEY, educator,
composer, author, was born July 30, 1851,
in Boston, Mass. She is a director and
treasurer of the Massachusetts Society for
the University Education of Women; di
rector of the Women's Educational and
Industrial union; and the New England
Woman's club. She is the author of a
volume entitled Glimpses of the Old
World.
CRANE, STEPHEN, congressman. He
was a delegate from New Jersey to the
continental congress from 1774 to 1776.
CRANE, STEPHEN, author, was born
in 1870 in New Jersey. He is a popular
novelist of New York city, and the author
of George's Mother; The Black Riders and
Other Lines, a collection of wilfully ec
centric verse; The Red Badge of Courage,
a striking historical romance of the Civil
War in America; and Maggie, a story
of slum life.
CRANE, THOMAS FREDERICK, edu
cator, author, was born in 1844 in New
York. He is a professor of Romance lan
guages at Cornell university, and the au
thor of Italian Popular Tales; The Ex-
empla, or Illustrative Stories from the
Sermones of Jacques de Vitry; Tableaux
de la Revolution Franchise; Le Roman-
tisme Frangaise; La SociStS Fran-
gaise au Dixsepti£me Siecle; and Chan
sons Populaires de la France.
CRANE, WILLIAM CAREY, clergy
man, author, was born March 17, 1816, in
Richmond, Va. He was a baptist clergy
man of Texas, president of Baylor univer
sity in 1863-85, which was renamed Crane
college in his honor in 1885. He was the
author of Discourses; Life of Sam. Hous
ton, and lesser works. He died Feb. 27,
1885, in Independence, Tex.
CRANE, WILLIAM H., actor, was born
April 30, 1845, in Leicester, Mass. He
made his first appearance in 1876 in New
York city; and has attained success in
The Senator, a play written for him by
David D. Lloyd, which has been played in
all the large cities of the United States.
CRANE, WILLIAM MONTGOMERY,
naval officer, was born Feb. 1, 1776, in
Elizabethtown, N. J. He was appointed
navy commissioner in 1841, and in 1842
chief of the bureau of ordnance and hy
drography. He died by his own hand
March 18, 1846, in Washington.
CRANE, ZENAS, manufacturer, was
born Dec. 6, 1814, in Dalton, Mass. He is
a partner in Z. and W. M. Crane, Crane
and Co. and the Berkshire Mills Co., and
also has an interest in the Dalton Shoe
Co.
CRANFILL, JAMES BRITTON, clergy
man, prohibitionist, was born Sept. 12,
1858, in Parker county, Tex. He is the
editor of the Texas Baptist Standard, and
has filled many prominent positions in
the baptist denomination. In 1892 he was
a candidate for vice-president of the
United States on the prohibition ticket.
CRANFORD, JOHN WALTER, lawyer,
congressman, was born near Grove Hill.
Ala. He was elected to the state senate
in 1888 for a term of four years, and re-
elected in 1892. He served in the senate
as chairman of judiciary committee No.
1, and was elected president pro tempore
of the twenty-second senate. . He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat after one of the hottest joint
canvasses ever known in the state.
CRANK, WILLIAM J. L., lawyer, was
born June 2, 1867, in Stewartsville, Mo.
He attended the Kansas Normal college,
and graduated in law from the state uni
versity of Kansas in 1889. He practiced
his profession a while in Hill City; then
in Laramie City, Wyo.; and in 1892
moved to Denver, Colo., where he has at
tained eminent success, and stands at the
head of the bar as a trial lawyer and ad
vocate. He has taken an active interest
in local and national politics, and has con
tributed to the success of the republican
party in numerous state campaigns.
HKRRIXGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
261
CRANSTON, HENRY YOUNG, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Oct.
9, 1789, in Newport, R. I. In 1818 he was
elected clerk of the court of common
pleas, and held the office until 1833. He
was for twenty-five years annually elected
moderator for the town of Newport; and
was a member of the lower branch of the
legislature; and was a representative in
congress from 1843 to 1847, when he was
returned to the legislature, and was sev
eral times speaker of that body until 1854.
He died Feb. 12, 1864, in Newport, R. I.
CRANSTON, JOHN, president of Rhode
Island. He was attorney-general of the
colony: was deputy governor in 1672,
which he filled until elected governor in
1678. which office he held until his death,
March 12. 1680.
CRANSTON, JOHN SAMUEL, president
of Rhode Island, was a son of John Crans
ton. In 1698 he became governor, and
was thirty times successively chosen to
that place, holding the office until his
death in 1727.
CRANSTON, ROBERT BENNIE. bank
er, congressman, was born Jan. 14, 1791,
in Newport, R. I. He was a banker fov
several years, was postmaster, and a
member of the state legislature, serving
for one term as speaker. Subsequently
he was sent to congress as a law-and-or-
der whig, and served in 1847-49. He be
queathed $75,000 to those poor of Newport
who are too honest to steal and too proud
to beg. He died Jan. 27, 1873, in New
port, R. I.
CRAPO, HENRY ROWLAND, lumber
manufacturer, state senator, governor,
was born May 24, 1804, in Dartmouth,
Mass. He moved to Michigan in 1857.
was for a time mayor of Flint, and
served in the state senate. He was twice
elected governor of the state, in 1864 and
1866, performing important services dur
ing the progress of the rebellion. He
died July 23, 1869, in Flint, Mich.
CRAPO, PHILIP M., soldier, statesman,
financier, was born June 30, 1844, in Free
town, Mass. He received his education
at the public and
high schools of New
Bedford, Mass. He
has become promi
nent in the business
and public affairs of
Burlington, Iowa,
where he has filled
various important
offices, including that,
of president of thu
board of trustees of
the free public li
brary, president of
the board of park commissioners, presi
dent of the board of trade, president of
the board of commissioners, who had
charge of the Iowa semi-centennial
celebration at Burlington during October,
1896, and president of the Commercial
club. He has been prominent in Grand
Army of the Republic affairs; was chief-
ly instrumental in the establishment of
the Iowa soldiers' home; and was also
one of the chief promoters of the Iowa
soldiers' monument. He has been a can
didate for the state senate and for gov
ernor of Iowa. For four years he was
chairman of the congressional commit
tee, and is now the financial correspon
dent for the Connecticut Mutual Life In
surance company. He has secured for
Burlington one of the most beautiful pub
lic parks in the west, which bears his
name. He has also built for the city the
finest public library building in the state
of Iowa, paying one-half the cost.
CRAPO, WILLIAM WALLACE, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 16, 1830, in
Dartmouth, Mass. He was a member of
the Massachusetts legislature in 1857;
and in 1875 was elected a representative
to the forty-fourth congress to fill a va
cancy; and was re-elected to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth and forty-seventh con
gresses as a democrat.
CRAPO, WILLIAM WALLACE, rail
road president, was born May 16, 1830,
in Dartmouth, Mass. Since 1882 he has
been president of the Flint, Pere and Mar-
quette railway.
CRARY, HORACE H., tanner, was born
Aug. 29, 1824, in Liberty, N. Y. In dif
ferent firms he is interested in tanneries
at Sheffield, and in the Penn and the
Union Tanning companies, each of them
virtually a syndicate of tanners. He was
active in forming the United States Leath
er company, and his interests are now
merged therein.
CRARY, ISAAC E., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Preston, Conn.
He moved to the territory of Michigan,
and was appointed a general of militia.
He was elected a delegate to congress
from the territory in 1835 and 1836; and
was a representative in congress from
that state from the time of its admission
into the union in 1836 to 1841. He died
May 8, 1854, in Marshall, Mich.
CRAVATH, ERASTUS MILO, clergy
man, educator, college president, was born
July 1, 1833, in Homer, N. Y. He received
his education at the
Homer academy, Ob-
erlin college, and the
Theological semi
nary. He has been
pastor of the congre
gational church of
Berlin Heights,
Ohio, and served as
chaplain of the one
hundred and first,
regiment Ohio vol
unteer infantry dur
ing the civil war. He
has been the field agent, district secre
tary and general field secretary of the
American Missionary association of New
York. He 'has been eminently success
ful in all his labors, and is now the hon
ored president of the Fisk university of
Nashville, Tenn.
CRAVEN, BRAXTON, college president,
author, was born Aug. 26, 1822, in Deep
River, N. C. He was first and third pres
ident of Trinity college; and the author
of Bullion's English Grammar; An Histor
ical Sketch of Trinity College, and one or
two sermons and novelettes. He died
Nov. 7, 1882, in Trinity college.
CRAVEN, CHARLES HENDERSON,
naval officer, was born Nov. 30, 1843, in
Portland, Maine. In 1874 he became
executive officer of the Kearsarge, of the
Pacific squadron, and later of the Mono-
cacy.
CRAVEN, ELIJA RICHARDSON, cler
gyman, author, was born March 28, 1824,
in Washington, D. C. He has filled pas
torates in the presbyterian churches of
Somerville and Newark, N. J.; and is the
author of many articles for reviews.
CRAVEN, HENRY SMITH, civil en
gineer, inventor, was born Oct. 14, 1845, in
Bound Brook, N. J. He took charge of
the construction of the new Croton aque
duct in New York, up to 1886. He is the
in\entor of an automatic trip for mining
buckets, and of a tunneling machine.
CRAVENS, JAMES A., soldier, agricul
turist, congressman, was born Nov. 4,
1818, in Rockingham county, Va. In 1848-
49 he was elected to the legislature of In
diana; in 1850 elected to the state sen
ate, serving three years; and in 1854 was
commissioned a brigadier-general of mi
litia. In 1860 he was elected a represen
tative from Indiana to the thirty-seventh
congress; and was re-elected to the thir
ty-eighth congress.
CRAVENS, JAMES H., soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1798 in Rocking
ham county, Va. He was a representa
tive in congress from Indiana from 1841
to 1843; and was subsequently a candi
date of the free-soil party for the office
of governor. He served as colonel of an
Indiana regiment during the war for the
suppression of the rebellion.
CRAVENS, JORDAN E., soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
Nov. 7, 1830, in Fredericktown, Mo. He
was a representative in the state legisla
ture in 1860; and served in the confed
erate army throughout the war, rising to
the rank of colonel. He was a state sena
tor in 1866; was a presidential elector in
1872; and was elected a i-epresentative
from Arkansas to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses as a
democrat.
CRAWFORD, MRS. ALICE [ARNOLD],
author, poet, was born in 1850, in Wis
consin. She was a Milwaukee writer who
published A Few Thoughts for a Few
Friends, a collection of poems. She uied
in 1874.
CRAWFORD, ANDREW J., railroad
president, was born Nov. 7, 1837, in Mont
gomery county, Pa. Since 1891 he has
been president of the Nashville ami Knox-
ville railroad.
CRAWFORD, DUGAL, merchant, was
born Feb. 2, 1830, In Scotland. He came
to St. Louis, Mo., commenced the dry
goods business, which is now one of the
largest concerns in the country. He is
one of the trustees of Drury college, and
is the first and only president since the
starting of the Congregational City Mis
sionary society of St. Louis in 1887.
CRAWFORD, FRANCIS MARION, au
thor, was born Aug. 2, 1854, in Italy. He
is the author of Mr. Isaacs; Dr. Claudius;
A Roman Singer; To Leeward; An Ameri
can Politician; Zoroaster; Adam John-
stone's Sin; A Tale of a Lonely Parish;
Saracinesca; Marzio's Crucifix; Paul
Patoff; With the Immortals; Greifenstein;
Sant' Ilario; A Cigarette-Maker's Ro
mance; Khaled; The Witch of Prague;
The Three Fates; Don Orsino; Children
of the King; Pietro Ghisleri; Marion
Darche; The Ralstons; Katherine Lau-
derdale; Casa Braccio; Love in Idleness,
a Tale of Bar Harbour; The Novel: What
it Is; Constantinople, a book of travels;
and Taquisara.
CRAWFORD, GEORGE WASHING
TON, lawyer, congressman, governor, was
born Dec. 22, 1798, in Columbia county,
Ga. In 1827 he was
elected attorney-gen
eral, and continued
in that office until
1831. He was in the
state legislature
from 1837 to 1842;
and in 1843 was
elected to congress
to fill a vacancy. He
was elected governor
of the state in 1843,
and re-elected in
1845. He was a mem
ber of President Taylor's cabinet as sec
retary of war. He died July 22, 1872, in
Richmond county, Ga.
262
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
Oakham, Mass.
CRAWFORD, HENRY CLAY, businsss
man, legislator, was born in 1857 in Bain-
bridge; Ga. He is a successful dealer in
real estate at Tallahassee, Fla. In 1885
he served with distinction as a member
of the Florida state legislature, and is
now assistant secretary of state.
CRAWFORD, J. P., physician, lecturer,
was born Aug. 27, 1855, near Cedar Rap
ids, Iowa. Since 1883 he has practiced
medicine and surgery continuously in
Davenport, Iowa. For many years he
was president of the Iowa and Illinois
District Medical association, and has writ
ten pamphlets and important articles for
current medical publications.
CRAWFORD, JOEL, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 15, 1783, in
Columbia county, Ga. In 1813 he joined
the army of Gen. Floyd, and served
throughout the whole campaign as aid-
de-camp to the general. He served three
years in the state legislature; and was a
representative in congress from Georgia
from 1817 to 1821. He died April 5, 1858.
CRAWFORD, JOHN G., lawyer, orator,
legislator, was born April 21, 1834, in
At the breaking out of
the war he enlisted
in the second regi
ment of the Michi
gan cavalry and be
came a sergeant-ma
jor and colonel. On
his return from the
I war he was elected a
I member of the Mich-
| igan state senate.
Since then he has
held numerous im
portant elective and
appointive offices,
and was a consul in Canada during Pres
ident Garfield's administration. As a
platform speaker, Col. Crawford has no
equal, and has been a speaker in every
political campaign since 1856. He has
resided in New Hampshire most of the
time since 1870. He knew John Brown
personally, and escaped lynching more
than once during the bleeding Kansas
troubles in 1855-56, in which he was a
prominent factor.
CRAWFORD, JOHN LOUICK, physi
cian, legislator, was born in Covington,
Ga. He received his education at the
Emory college and the university of
Georgia. He has attained success as one
of the foremost physicians of the south
at Crawfordsville, Fla. He served with
distinction as a state senator in the Flor
ida legislature; and is now secretary of
state for the state of Florida.
CRAWFORD, LEONARD J., lawyer,
politician, was born April 29, 1860, in
Newport, Ky. In 1882 he graduated from
the Cincinnati Law school, and since that
time has practiced in his native city. In
1892 he was a candidate for attorney-gen
eral; was president of the republican
state league of Kentucky during 1892-95;
and in 1897 was elected president of the
national republican league.
CRAWFORD. MARTIN JENKINS, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born March
17, 1820, in Jasper county, Ga. He was a
member of the Georgia legislature from
1845 to 1847; and in 1853 was appointed
judge of the superior court. He was
elected a member of the thirty-fourth and
thirty-fifth congresses; and was also
elected to the thirty-sixth congress. He
joined the great rebellion of that year as
a member of the confederate congress, and
was a commissioner to Washington. He
died July 22, 1883, in Columbus, Ga.
CRAWFORD, NATHANIEL MORTON,
clergyman, college president, author, was
born March 22, 1811, in Oglethorpe coun
ty, Va. He was a baptist minister of Ken
tucky; president of Georgetown college,
Ky., in 1865-71, and the author of Chris
tian Paradoxes. He died Oct. 27, 1871,
in Walker county, Va.
CRAWFORD, S. J., governor. He was
governor of Kansas from 1864 to 1869.
CRAWFORD, SAMUEL WYLIE, sol
dier, physician, surgeon, was born Nov. 8,
1829, in Franklin county, Pa. In 1851 he
became an assistant
surgeon in the Unit
ed States army. He
served with distinc
tion in the Shenan-
doah campaign, be
ing present at the
battles of Winches
ter and Cedar Moun
tain, losing one-half
of his brigade in the
last named action.
At the battle of An-
tietam he had com
mand of a division, and was severely
wounded.
CRAWFORD, THOMAS, sculptor, was
born March 22, 1814, in New York city. He
has attained a national reputation as a
sculptor. Some of his most celebrated
works are: The Genius of Mirth; Vesta;
Adam and Eve; David Before Saul; and
Flora. He died Oct. 16, 1857, in London,
England.
CRAWFORD, THOMAS HARTLEY,
lawyer, jurist, legislator, was born Nov.
14, 1786, in Chambersburg, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1829 to 1833, and during the
last named year was elected to the state
legislature. In 1838 he was appointed com
missioner of Indian affairs, and took up
his residence in Washington, holding that
office for seven years. In 1845 he was ap
pointed judge of the criminal court of the
District of Columbia. He died Jan. 27,
1863, in Washington, D. C.
CRAWFORD, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was born in Virginia. He moved to Ala
bama in 1810; held a number of federal
and state offices; was receiver of moneys
for public lands; and a commissioner to
settle certain claims under a treaty with
England, France and Spain. He was
elected to the state senate; was United
States district attorney for Alabama; and
was judge of the United States district
court for Alabama. He died April 28,
1849, in Mobile, Ala.
CRAWFORD, WILLIAM, physician,
congressman, was born in 1760 in Scot
land. He was the pioneer physician of
Marsh Creek, Pa.; became interested in
politics, and was a representative in
congress from 1809 to 1817. He died in
1823.
CRAWFORD, WILLIAM HARRIS, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Feb. 24, 1772, in Amherst county, Va.
In 1799 he was ap
pointed to prepare a
digest of the laws of
Georgia. He served
four years in the
state legislature; and
was a senator in
congress from Geor
gia from ' 1807 to
1813. In 1815 he be
came secretary of
war; and in 1817 was
appointed secretary
of the treasury,
where he served with marked ability un
til 1825. In 1827 he was appointed judge
of the northern circuit of Georgia, which
office he held until his death. He died
Sept. 15, 1834, in Albert county, Ga.
CRAWFORD, WILLIAM HENRY, edu
cator, clergyman, college president, was
born Oct. 6, 1855, in Milton Center, 111.
He is an active worker in the Epworth
league, and as a lecturer has gained an
enviable reputation. Since 1893 he has
been president of the Alleghany college of
Meadville, Pa.
CRAWFORD, WILLIAM THOMAS,
merchant, lawyer, congressman, was
born June 1, 1856, in Haywood county,
N. C. He was elect
ed to the state legis
lature in 1884 and in
1886; was a demo
cratic elector in
1888; and was en-
|j grossing clerk of the
state house of repre
sentatives in 1889.
He was elected to
the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses
as a democrat. He
graduated in law
from the state university of North Caro
lina.
CREAMER, THOMAS J., merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born May 26,
1843, in Ireland. He was elected to the
state legislature in 1864, 1865 and 1866;
to the state senate in 1867 and 1869; and
was appointed tax commissioner for New
York city in 1869, serving until 1873. He
was president of the young democrats'
general committee in 1870; delegate to the
Baltimore national convention in 1872;
and was elected to the forty-third con
gress as a democrat.
CREBS, JOHN M., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 7, 1832, in Lon
don county, Va. In 1862 he entered the
volunteer army as lieutenant-colonel; par
ticipated in all the Mississippi movements
until the capture of Vicksburg, and was
also in the Arkansas campaign, command
ing a brigade of cavalry in the dopart-
ment of the gulf. In 1868 he was elected
a representative from Illinois to the for
ty-first congress, and was re-elected to the
forty-second congress.
CREEDE, NICHOLAS C., gold miner,
was born April 4, 1842, in Fort Wayne,
Ind. In 1862 he went to Colorado in
search of adventure, and found it in seven
years of service as a United States scout,
holding the rank of first lieutenant. He
has since become famous as the founder
of the Creede mining camp in Colorado,
together with quite a number of other
flourishing camps.
CREEL, HEBER MANSFIELD, soldier,
legislator, was born Nov. 30, 1856, in La
Fayette county, Mo. He attended the
United States mili
tary academy at
West Point, N. Y.,
and was subsequent
ly appointed second
lieutenant of the
seventh United
States cavalry. He
has been chairman
of the Boone county
commissioners, N. D. ;
register of deeds for
eight years in North
Dakota; chairman of
the county and state republican commit
tees; and has filled various other political
offices of honor. He has been inspector
and judge advocate general of the North
Dakota National guard; and president of
the state military board. He received the
election as state senator of the twenty-
first district of North Dakota for four
years, commencing in January, 1897.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
263
CREELY, JOHN V., soldier, congress
man, was born Nov. 14, 1839, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He served in the army as an
officer of light artillery throughout the
late rebellion. He was a member of the
councils of Philadelphia for four years;
and was elected to the forty-second con
gress as a republican.
CREERY, WILLIAM RUFUS, educator,
college president, author, was born May
9, 1824, in Baltimore, Md. He was elected
city superintendent of public instruction
of Baltimore for a term of four years, and
in 1872 was re-elected. In conjunction
with Prof. M. A. Newell he prepared the
Maryland series of school-books, which
includes Primary-School Spelling-Book;
Grammar-School Spelling-Book; a series
of six Readers; and Catechism of United
States History. He died May 1, 1875, in
Baltimore, Md.
CREIGHTON, HUGH L., soldier, busi
ness man. was born Jan. 27, 1837, in
Louisa county, Iowa. During the civil
war he served as a soldier in company A.,
thirtieth regiment Iowa volunteer infan
try, and was promoted to captain. He
served with distinction in the battles of
Wilson's Creek, Mo.; Chicasaw Bayou,
Miss.; Arkansas Post; Siege of Vicks-
burg; Lookout Mountain; Missionary
Ridge, and other battles. For many years
he was a public school teacher; and is
now engaged in business in Oakville,
Iowa, where he takes a prominent part in
the public affairs of his county and state.
CREIGHTON, JOHNSTON BLAKE-
LEY, naval officer, was born Nov. 12, 1822,
in Rhode Island. He became a commo
dore in 1874; was commandant of the
Norfolk navy-yard in 1879, and was re
tired with the rank of rear-admiral in
1883. He died Nov. 12, 1883, in Morris-
town, N. J.
CREIGHTON, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born Oct. 29, 1778, in Berkeley coun
ty, Va. He was the first secretary of
state for Ohio; and was a representative
in congress from that state from 1813 to
1817, and again from 1827 to 1833. He
died Oct. 8, 1851, in Chillicothe, Ohio.
CREIGHTON, WILLIAM, JR., lawyer,
jurist. He was appointed United States
judge for the district of Ohio.
CRELE, JOSEPH, centenarian, was
born in 1725, in Detroit, Mich. He bore
arms at Braddock's defeat, and before the
revolution was employed in carrying let
ters between Prairie du Chien and Green
Bay. He settled in Wisconsin during the
revolutionary war. He died Jan. 27, 1866,
in Caledonia, Wis.
CRENSHAW, WALTER HENRY, law
yer, jurist, legislator, was born July 7,
1817, in Abbeville district, S. C. He was
from 1838 till 1867 a member of either
the upper or lower house of the Alabama
legislature, officiating as speaker of the
house in 1861-65, and president of the sen
ate in 1865-67. He died in 1878, in Ala
bama.
CRESSEY, GEORGE CROSWELL, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born April
1, 1856, in Buxton, Maine. He graduated
from Bowdoin college, the university of
Wooster, the university of Leipzig, and
the Andover Theological seminary; and
has received the degree of Ph. D. For a
while he was engaged in educational work,
and filled the chair of modern languages
In the Washburn college. He is a suc
cessful clergyman of the Unitarian
church; and now fills the pastorate in
Northampton, Mass. He is the author of
The Essential Man; Mental Evolution;
Philosophy of Religion; The Doctrine of
Immortality of Liberal Thought; and nu
merous published sermons and addresses.
CRESSON, JOHN CHAPMAN, farmer,
educator, civil engineer, was born in
1806, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
given the chair of mechanics and
natural philosophy in Franklin insti
tute in 1837, and in 1855 was made
its president. He was president of the
Mine Hill and Schuylkill Haven Rail
road company In 1847-76, and one of
the original Fairmount park commission
ers, afterward becoming chief engineer of
that park. He died in 1876, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
CRESWELL, JOHN A. J., lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
Nov. 1?, 1828, in Port Deposit, Md. He
was a member of the Maryland house of
delegates in 1861 and 1862; and was
elected a representative from Maryland to
the thirty-eighth congress; and in 1865
was chosen a senator in congress to fill a
vacancy. He was a delegate to the Phila
delphia loyalists' convention of 1866, the
border states convention, held in Balti-
moie in 1867, and the Chicago convention
of 1868. In 1869 he entered the cabinet ot
President Grant as postmaster-general.
He died Dec. 23, 1891, in Elkton, Ind.
CRESWELL, MRS. JULIA PLEAS-
ANTS, author, poet, was born Aug. 21,
1827, in Huntsville, Ala. She was a south
ern writer who published Aphelia and
Other Poems by Two Cousins; and Cal-
lamura, an allegorical novel. She died
June 9, 1886, in Shreveport, La.
CREW, HENRY, educator, author, was
born June 4, 1859, in Richmond, Ohio.
He has filled the chair of physics in the
Johns Hopkins university, and in the
Haverford college of Philadelphia, Pa. In
1891-92 he was astronomer at the Lick
observatory, and since 1892 has been pro
fessor of physics in the Northwestern
university. He is the author of various
papers on spectroscopy.
CREWES, RICHARD, clergyman, re
ceived his education at the Northwestern
university, the Garrett Biblical institute,
and the Illinois Wesleyan university.
For several years he was a member of
the joint board of trustees and visitors
of the Illinois Wesleyan university. He
is a successful clergyman of the Metho
dist Episcopal church in the central Illi
nois conference; and now fills a pastor
ate in Dwight, 111. During 1892-96 he was
the first president of the Eighth General
Conference District Epworth League.
CREWSON, EVANDER A., poet, was
born Dec. 8, 1849, in Washington county,
Ohio. He is the author of a volume of
poems entitled Old Times.
CRILL, LOUIS N., merchant, poet, was
born June 3, 1867, in Spragueville, Iowa.
He has attained success as a merchant in
Richland, S. D. He is the author of a
number of poems which have been pub
lished in the periodical press and given a
place in several standard works.
CRIMMINS, JOHN DANIEL, 'con
tractor, was born May 18, 1844, in New
York city. He laid the foundations for
the Manhattan rail
way, built the elec
trical subway, has
laid many miles of
gas mains, built the
tank foundations for
various gas compa
nies and constructed
the Broadway and
the street railroads
on Lexington, Lenox
and Columbus aven
ues. He is also a
director in various
corporations in New York city.
CRIPPEN, GEORGE p., educator, min
ing engineer, state legislator, was born
May 13, 1861, in Washtenaw county, Mich.
Received the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in ihe district
schools, and subse
quently attended the
State Normal school
of Ypsilantl for
three ye a r s. For
many years he was
engaged in educa
tional work as prin
cipal of the Stam-
baugh schools. He is
a successful mining
engineer; has been a justice of the peace,
county surveyor, and filled various other
public positions of trust. During 1897-98
he served with distinction as a member
of the Michigan state legislature.
CRISFIELD, JOHN W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 6, 1808, in Kent
county, Md. He was elected to the Mary
land legislature in 1836; and was a rep
resentative in congress from Maryland
from 1847 to 1849. In 1850 he was a dele
gate to the state constitutional conven
tion; in 1861 was a delegate to the peace
congress; and was elected a representa
tive from Maryland to the thirty-seventh
congress.
CRISP, CHARLES FREDERICK, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, congressman, was
born Jan. 29, 1845, in England. He was a
lieutenant in the confederate army from
1861 to 1864, when he was taken prisoner.
In 1872 he was appointed solicitor-general
of the southwestern circuit; and in 1873
was reappointed for a term of four years.
In the latter year he moved to Americus.
Ga.; in 1877 was appointed judge of the
superior court of the southwestern judi
cial circuit; and in 1878 was elected to
the same office; and in 1880 was re-
elected for a term of four years. He re
signed in 1882 and was elected a represen
tative from Georgia to the forty-eighth
congress; and received the re-election to
the forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-
second, fifty-third, and fifty-fourth as a
democrat; and served as speaker of the
house in the fifty-second and fifty-third
congresses.
CRISP, CHARLES R., lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born Oct. 19, 1870,
in Ellaville, Ga. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a democrat, with
out opposition, to fill the vacancy caused
by the death of his father, the Hon.
Charles F. Crisp. He has attained suc
cess as a lawyer in Americus, Ga., where
he is a member of the law firm of Hooper
and Crisp. While in congress he took an
active part in debates on various meas
ures which affected the welfare o* his
state; and as a rising lawyer has al
ready attained eminence at the bar of
the south.
CRISPIN, SILAS, soldier, was born
about 1830, in Pennsylvania. He received
successive brevets to include that of colo
nel in the regular army at the close of
the civil war, but did not receive his pro
motion as major of ordnance until 1867.
In 1875 he was promoted lieutenant-colo
nel, and colonel in 1881.
CRIST, HENRY, manufacturer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1764,
in Virginia. He became extensively en
gaged in the manufacture of salt in Bullitt
county, Ky. He was a member of the Ken
tucky legislature in 1795; a state sena
tor from 1800 to 1804; and a representa
tive from Kentucky in congress from 1809
to 1811. He died in 1844, in Bullitt county,
Ky.
264
HBRBINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CRITCHKR, JOHN, soldier, planter,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
March 11, 1820, in Westmoreland county,
Va. He received his education at Brent's
Classical school, the university of Vir
ginia, and the university of France. He
is a successful planter and lawyer of his
native state at Alexandria, and Washing
ton, D. C. He has been commonwealth
attorney of his county; twice a member
of the state senate of Virginia; was a
member of the secession convention of
Virginia in 1861; served as lieutenant-col
onel of the fifteenth Virginia cavalry dur
ing the civil war; and commanded the
Lomax brigade at Cold Harbor. He has
been judge of the tenth judicial circuit
of Virginia, and was a member of the
forty-second congress of the United
States. For the last eighteen years he
has practiced law in the city of Wash
ington, D. C.; and in the seventy-fifth
year of his age his cash professional re
ceipts amounted to nearly forty thousand
dollars.
CRITCHETT, CLARA A., educator,
poet, was born in Maine. She has at
tained success as an educator; and is the
author of several poems of merit which
have generally appeared under the nom de
plume of Feme Arland.
CR1TTENDEN, GEORGE BIBB, soldier,
state librarian, was born March 20, 1812,
in Russellville, Ky. In 1861 he entered
the confederate service; was commis
sioned brigadier-general; and became
major-general. During 1867-71 he was
state librarian in Frankfort, Ky. He died
Nov. 27, 1880, in Danville, Ky.
CRI1TENDEN, JOHN JORDAN, sol
dier, lawyer, governor, congressman,
United States senator, was born Sept. 10,
1787, in Woodford
county, Ky. H «
served during the
war of 1812 as a
major. He became a
lawyer and served a
number of years in
the state legislature;
and in 1817-1 9 as a
member of the
United States senate
from Kentucky. In
1835 he was again
elected to the United
States senate; and in 1841 was appointed
attorney general by President Harrison.
During 1843-49 he was again a member
of the United States senate; and again
received the re-election in 1855. In 1860
he was elected a representative from Ken
tucky to the thirty-seventh congress. He
was also governor of Kentucky in 1848-50.
He died July 26, 1863, in Frankfort, Ky.
CRITTENDEN, THOMAS LEONIDAS,
soldier, lawyer, merchant, was born May
15, 1815, in Russellville, Ky. In 1842 he
became attorney for the commonwealth.
He served in the Mexican war as a lieu
tenant-colonel. During 1849-53 he was
United States consul to Liverpool, Eng
land. He served with distinction through
the civil war, and was promoted major-
general.
CRITTENDEN, THOMAS T., lawyer,
congressman, governor, was born about
1828, in Alabama. He was appointed at
torney-general of Missouri in 1864 to fill
an unt'xpired term; and was elected to
the forty-third and forty-fifth congresses
from Missouri. He was elected governor
of Missouri for the term of four years,
and served during 1881-84.
CROCHERON, AUGUSTA J., author,
poet, was born Oct. 9, 1844, in Boston,
Mass. She has been very prominent in
Women's Mutual Improvement associa
tions; and has been recording secretary
of more than a score of associations. In
1881 she published a volume of poems en
titled Wild Flowers of Deseret; and in
1884 appeared Representative Women of
Deseret, a biographical work. She has
taken three gold medals and several cash
prizes for Christmas stories.
CROCHERON, HENRY, ' congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1815 to 1817.
CROCHERON, JACOB, congressman,
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1829 to 1831; and in 1837
was a presidential elector.
CROCKER, ALVAH, manufacturer,
state senator, congressman, was born Oct.
14, 1801, in Leominster, Mass. He be
came proprietor of a paper manufactory;
was president of the Boston and Fitch-
burg railroad; and a commissioner of the
Hoosac tunnel. He was a member of the
state legislature in 1836, 1842, and 1843;
was a member of the state senate two
terms; and was elected to the forty-
second congress to fill a vacancy, and was
re-elected to the forty-third congress as a
republican. He died Dec. 26, 1874, in
Fitchburg, Mass.
CROCKER, CHARLES, merchant, state
legislator, was born Sept. 16, 1822, in Troy,
N. Y. He engaged in mercantile pursuits
in Sacramento in 1852, with one of his
brothers, and eventually made his store
the leading dry goods house of the city.
In 1854 he was elected to the common
council of Sacramento, and in 1860 to the
legislature.
CROCKER, GEORGE GLOVER, law
yer, author, was born in 1843, in Massa
chusetts. He is a lawyer of Boston; and
the author of Principles of Procedure in
Deliberative Assemblies.
CROCKER, GEORGE LOUIS, lawyer,
orator, was born Nov. 6, 1864, in Copper
City, Cal. In 1890 he graduated from the
college at Ann Arbor, Mich.; and has
since attained prominence as an able law
yer of Merced, Cal., and a leading orator
of that state. He has been editor of the
Merced Express; and has filled several
positions of honor in his county and
state.
CROCKER, MRS. HANNAH MATHER,
author, was born in 1765, in Boston, Mass.
She was the author of Letters on Free
Masonry; The School of Reform; and
Observations on the Rights of Woman.
She died July 10, 1847, in Roxbury, Mass.
CROCKER, MARCELLUS M., soldier,
was born Feb. 6, 1830, in Franklin, Ind.
He entered the army in 1861; and was
appointed brigadier-general in 1861. He
died Aug. 26, 1865, in Washington, D. C.
CROCKER, MARTIN, lawyer, state
senator, was born in 1858, in New Balti
more, Mich. Since 1880 he has practiced
law in Mt. Clemens, Mich.; and for sev
eral years served as city attorney. In
1886 he was elected to the Michigan house
of representatives; and in 1891 served
with distinction as a member of the state
senate. In 1896 he was a delegate to the
democratic national convention held in
Chicago.
CROCKER, NATHAN BOURNE, clergy
man, lecturer, was born July 4, 1781, in
Barnstable, Mass. He was elected rector
of St. John's church in Providence, over
which he presided until his death. He
was secretary of the corporation of Brown
university from 1837 till 1843. He died
Oct. 19, 1865, in Providence, R. I.
CROCKER, RUTH M., poet, dress re
former. She studied physiology under
the late Calvin Cutter; and has always
advocated dress reform for women. She
has written considerably on moral
science; and her poems have constantly
appeared in current literature.
CROCKER, SAMUEL L., manufacturer,
congressman, was born March 31, 1804, in
Taunton, Mass. In 1849 he was elected
a member of the executive council of
Massachusetts; and was a representative
from Massachusetts to the thirty-third
congress.
CROCKER, URIEL HASKELL, lawyer,
journalist, author, was born in 1832, in
Massachusetts. He is a lawyer of Boston:
and the author of The Cause of Hard
Times; Notes on Common Forms: Book
of Massachusetts Law; Excessive Saving
a Cause of Commercial Distress; and
Notes on General Statutes of Massachu
setts.
CROCKETT, DAVID, soldier, congress
man, pioneer, author, poet, was born Aug.
17, 1786, in Limestone, Tenn. He is a
noted hunter and
pioneer who enlisted
in the Texan army
| in the revolt against
Mexico, and was
slain in the massacrc-
at the Alamo, in San
Antonio. He served
as a member of the
Tennessee legisla
ture; and served as
a member of con
gress during 1827-31,
and 1833-35. He was
the author of Tour to the North and
Down East: Life of David Crockett, by
Himself (1834); Colonel Crockett's Ex
ploits in Texas; Life of Martin Van Bu-
ren, Heir Apparent; and Leisure Hour
Musings in Rhyme.
CROCKETT, JOHN W., congressman,
was the son of the celebrated David
Crockett. He was a representative in
congress from Tennessee from 1838 to
1843. He died Nov. 24, 1852, in Memphis,
Tenn.
CROES, JOHN, bishop, was born June
1, 1762, in Elizabethtown, N. J. He was
the first protestant episcopal bishop of
the diocese of New Jersey. He died July
30, 1832, in New Brunswick, N. J.
CROES, JOHN J. R., civil engineer,
was born Nov. 25, 1834, in Richmond, Va.
He is a noted civil engineer of New York
city; and the suburban rapid transit road
in the northeastern part of New York
city was built after his plans and under
his supervision.
CROFFUT, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS,
journalist, author, poet, was born Jan. 29,
1835, in Redding, Conn. He is a well-
known journalist attached to many jour
nals, east and west, and connected with
the United States geological survey since
1888. He is the author of The War His
tory of Connecticut; A Helping Hand;
Bourbon Ballads; Deseret, an opera; A
Midsummer Lark, a humorous volume of
travels; The Vanderbilts; The Folks Next
Door; and The Prophecy and Other
Poems.
CROFT, CHARLES WILLIAM, lawyer,
was born Oct. 2, 1855, in Corsicana, Texas.
He first practiced law in Colorado City,
Texas, then in Midland till 1887; since
which time he has practiced his profession
in his native city. He has acquired a good
reputation as a practitioner in both civil
and criminal law.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
265-
CROFTS, GEORGE W., clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born April 9, 1842, in Le-
roy, III. He was the poet of the national
farmers' congress; and the author of
Golden Rod, a volume of meritorious
poems.
CROGHAN, GEORGE, soldier, was born
Nov. 15, 1791, in Louisville, Ky. He
fought in the war of 1812 under Gen.
Proctor and gained the promotion of
lieutenant-colonel brevet. In 1825 he was
appointed inspector-general of the army,
with the rank of colonel. He died Jan. 8,
1849, in New Orleans, La.
CROLY, DAVID GOODMAN, journalist,
author, was born Nov. 3, 1829, in New
York city; and was the husband of Jennie
June. He was a journalist of New York
city; and the author of Life of Horatio
Seymour; History of Reconstruction; The
Positivist Primer; and Glimpses of the
Future. He died in 1889.
CROLY, MRS. JANE CUNNINGHAM,
author, and known as Jennie June, was
born Dec. 19, 1831, in England. She is
the founder of Sorosis, and editor of
Demorest's Magazine in 1860-87. She is
the author of Talks on Women's Topics;
For Better or Worse; Knitters and
Crochet; Letters and Monograms; Cook
ery Book for Young Beginners; and
Thrown upon her Own Resources.
CROMPTON, GEORGE, manufacturer,
inventor, was born March 23, 1829, in
England. In 1851 he engaged in the
manufacture of fancy looms in Worcester,
Mass., where the Crompton loom works
have since been established.
CRONIN, J. FRANCIS, physician, sur
geon, was born Sept. 1, 1865, in Augusta,
Ga. He graduated from the university of
Georgia, and has attained success as a
physician in Florida. He has been quar
antine officer at Tampa, Punta Gorda, and
Appalachicola, Fla., and filled other posi
tions of trust.
CRONKHITE, HENRY M., soldier, sur
geon, poet, was born March 14, 1834, in
Little Falls, N. Y. He became acting as
sistant surgeon in the army until 1866;
and since 1867 has been a surgeon in the
United States army. He is the author of
a volume of poems entitled Reymond.
CROOK, HARRISON, physician, was
born April 13, 1850, in Maryland. In 1878
he received his medical degree from the
Georgetown Medical college, in which in
stitution he was demonstrator of anato
my in 1878-82; and still holds the chair
of clinical surgery. For the past ten
years he has been surgeon to the Provi
dence hospital -of Washington, D. C. He
is one of the leading physicians of the
nation's capital.
CROOK. ISAAC, clergyman, educator,
college president. He has been president
of the university of the Pacific; chancel
lor of the Nebraska Wesleyan university;
and is now president of the Ohio univer
sity of Athens. He is a constant con
tributor to current literature.
CROOKE, PHILIP S., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 2, 1810, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He was elected a
presidential elector in 1852, and a member
of the state legislature in 1863. He served
forty years in the national guard of the
state of New York, from private to briga
dier-general; and commanded the fifth
brigade in Pennsylvania in 1863. He was
elected to the forty-third congress.
CROOKER, JABEZ C., soldier, lawyer,
was born Jan. 16, 1820, in Woodstock,
Vt. He graduated from the military uni
versity of Vermont, and served as a cap
tain in the fifty-fifth regiment Illinois
volunteer infantry. In 1847 he was ad
mitted to the bar, and has practiced in all
state and federal courts.
CROOKS, GEORGE RICHARD, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 3, 1822, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a methodist
clergyman and religious journalist; and
the author of Life of John McClintock,
Life of Matthew Simpson; First Books
in Latin and Greek (with J. McClintock) ;
and Latin-English Lexicon.
CROOKS, SAMUEL STEARNS, manu
facturer, was born April 30, 1851, in Hop-
kinton, Mass. In 1892 he started the busi
ness known as Sharood and Crooks, man
ufacturers of fine shoes and slippers, and
in 1894 more than 2,000 persons were en
gaged in this factory in St. Paul, Minn.
CROPPER, JOHN, soldier, was born in
1756, in Virginia. He served in the revo
lutionary war; and attained the rank of
colonel. He died Jan. 15, 1821.
CROPSEY, ANDREW GEORGE, sol
dier, lawyer, was born Feb. 10, 1850, in
New Utrecht, N. Y. In 1874-1880 he was
justice of the peace and school commis
sioner of Kings county, N. Y. He served
as a private in the civil war.
CROPSEY, JASPER FRANCIS, artist,
was born Feb. 18, 1823, in Staten Island,
N. Y. In 1837, at the age of thirteen, he
received a diploma from Mechanics and
American Institute fairs of New York
city for architectural modeling. He re
ceived a medal and diploma for painting
from the Philadelphia Centennial expo
sition, and a medal for services in the
London exhibition of 1862. His principal
works are Autumn on the Hudson; and
A Showery Day.
CROSBIE, HENRY R., jurist. He was
an associate justice of the United States
court for the territory of Utah.
CROSBY. ALPHEUS, educator, author,
was born Oct. 13, 1810, in Sandwich, N. H.
He was an educator of Massachusetts who
published Greek Lessons; Greek Fables;
Greek Tables; and First Lessons in Geo
metry; an edition of Xenophon's Ana
basis. He died April 17, 1874, in Salem,
Mass.
CROSBY, EBENEZER, soldier, edu
cator, physician, was born Sept. 30, 1753,
in Braintree, Mass. He served through
the revolutionary war as surgeon of Gen.
Washington's guards, and was one of the
original members of the Society of the
Cincinnati. He died July 16, 1788.
CROSBY, ENOCH, patriot, was born
Jan. 4, 1750, in Harwich, Mass. The story
of his secret-service life, which was
thought to be incorporated in Cooper's
Spy, was dramatized, and Mr. Crosby was
on one occasion present at a representa
tion of the play in New York city, and,
as the hero, received the plaudits of the
multitude. He died June 20, 1835, in
Brewster, N. Y.
CROSBY, HENRY CLAY, clergyman,
educator, college president, was born in
1853 in Longtown, S. C. He received his
primary education in private schools and
in Sherley's institute, S. C.; and attended
the Shaw university, and the Leonard
Medical college of Raleigh, N. C. For
four years he was a justice of the peace
of Vance county, N. C.; during 1879-87
was principal of the Garfield Graded
schools of Raleigh, N. C.; and for ten
years was president of the Plymouth
State Normal school, North Carolina. He
was licensed to preach in 1887 and was
ordained a clergyman at the baptist
church in 1892. He died Nov. 29, 1897, in
Raleigh, N. C.
CROSBY, HOWARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 27, 1826, in New York.
He was a presbyterian clergyman long
prominent in New York city who was
chancellor of the university of New York
city in 1870-81. He was the author of
The Christian Preacher; Notes on the
New Testament; Life of Jesus; Christ
and Science; At the Lord's Table; Ser
mons; Lands of the Moslem; CEdipus
Tyrannus of Sophocles, with Notes; Bible
Manual; Bible Companion; Bible View
of the Jewish Church; The Seven
Churches of Asia, or Worldliness in the
Church; Thoughts on the Pentateuch;
and Commentary on the New Testament,
which include his principal works. He
died March 29, 1891, in New York.
CROSBY, JOHN CRAWFORD, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 15, 1859, in
Sheffield, Mass. In 1885 he was elected
a member of the school committee of
Pittsfield and served six consecutive years
in that office. He was elected a member
of the Massachusetts house of representa
tives in 1885 and re-elected in 1886. In
1887 he was elected a member of the
Massachusetts senate. He was elected to
the fifty-second congress as a democrat.
CROSBY, JOHN SCHUYLER, soldier,
governor, was born Sept. 19, 1839, in Al
bany, N. Y. He was appointed a first
lieutenant in the first United States ar
tillery in 1861; and served with gallantry
in many of the most important engage
ments of the civil war. He received a
life-saving medal of the first class, by act
of congress, for heroic daring and saving
life during the foundering of the yacht
Mohawk in 1876. In 1876 he was ap
pointed United States consul at Florence,
Italy, and served until 1882, when he was
appointed governor of Montana.
CROSBY, JOSIAH, lawyer, legislator,
was born Nov. 24, 1816, in Dover, N. H.
He has practiced law in Dexter since 1845.
In 1856, 1863 and 1865 he was a member
of the house of representatives of Maine;
and in 1867-68 was a member of the state
senate, and in the latter year was presi
dent of that body.
CROSBY, NATHAN, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born Feb. 12. 1798, in Sand
wich, N. H. He was a prominent lawyer
and jurist of Lowell, who published First
Half Century of Dartmouth College. He
died Feb. 9, 1885, in Lowell, Mass.
CROSBY, WILLIAM GEORGE, gov
ernor, was born in 1806, in Belfast, Maine.
He was governor of Maine from 1853 to
1855. He died in 1881, in Belfast, Maine.
CROSBY, WILLIAM OTIS, educator,
author, was born Jan. 14, 1850, in Decatur,
Ohio. He is a professor of geology in the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology;
and has published Common Minerals and
Rocks; and Contributions to the Geology
of Eastern Massachusetts.
CROSS, CHARLES ROBERT, educator,
author, was born March 29, 1848, in Troy,
N. Y. He is a professor of physics in the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology;
and the author of Course in Elementary
Physics; and Lecture Notes on Mechanics
and Optics.
CROSS, DAVID W., lawyer, author, was
born Nov. 17, 1814, in Pulaski, N. Y. He
is a Cleveland lawyer of local fame as a
sportsman; and the author of Fifty Years
with the Rod and Gun.
CROSS, EDWARD, jurist, congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was ap
pointed United States judge for the terri
tory of Arkansas; and was elected a rep
resentative in congress from 1839 to 1S4.">.
266
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CROSS, EDWARD EPHRAIM, soldier,
journalist, was born April 22, 1832, in
Lancaster, N. H. In 1854 he was editor
of the Cincinnati Times. He took the
first steam engine and printing press
across the Rocky Mountain's in 1858. He
served in the Mexican army as a lieu
tenant-colonel; and served during 1860-63
as a colonel in the fifth regiment New
Hampshire volunteers. He died July 2,
1863, near Gettysburg, Pa.
CROSS, GEORGE DILWYN, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born Jan. 24,
1799, in Westerly, R. I. He served six
terms in the general assembly; was state
senator in 1826-35 and 1848-50; chief jus
tice of the court of common pleas for
Washington county in 1837-49; and in
1840 was one of the commissioners for
fixing the boundary line between Connec
ticut and Rhode Island. He died Oct. 1,
1872, in Westerly, R. I.
CROSS, JAMES B., lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1817, in Geneva, N. Y. In 1841 he
moved to Milwaukee, Wis.; and served as
mayor of that city during 1855-58. He
was the first probate judge under the state
law; and in 1857 came within five hun
dred votes of defeating Alexander W.
Randall for governor. He died in 1876, in
Milwaukee, Wis.
CROSS, MRS. JANE TANDY [CHINN]
[HARDING], author, was born in 1817, in
Harrodsburg, Ky. She is the author of
Wayside Flowerets; Heart Blossoms for
My Little Daughters; Bible Gleanings;
Driftwood; Gonzalo de Cordova, a trans
lation from the Spanish; and Duncan
Adair, a novel. She died in October 1870
in Elizabethtown, Ky.
CROSS, JOHN S., civil engineer, state
legislator, was born May 4, 1849, in Ban-
gor, Mich. During 1870-84 he was en
gaged as a civil and mining engineer; and
since the latter date has been engaged in
the real estate and insurance business at
Bangor. During 1887-88 he served with
distinction as a member of the Michigan
state legislature.
CROSS, JOSEPH, clergyman, author,
was born July 4, 1813, in England. He
was an episcopal clergyman who from
1829-1856 was a prominent methodist di
vine. The more important of his writings
include Headlands of Faith; Pisgah
Views of the Promised Inheritance; A
Year in Europe; Coals from the Altar;
Pauline Charity; Prelections on Charity;
and Old Wine and New. He died in
1893.
CROSS, JUDSON NEWELL, soldier,
lawyer, was born Jan. 16, 1838, in Phila-
-delphia, Pa. He served in the civil war;
was made assistant provost marshal on
the staff of the military governor of
Washington in 1864; and soon after
special mustering officer. He was three
times elected city attorney of Minneapolis
and held the office during 1883-87.
CROSS, OSBORNE, soldier, was born in
1803, In Maryland. He was made deputy
quartermaster-general in 1863; in 1865
was brevetted brigadier-general in the
regular army. He was promoted to colo
nel in 1866. He died July 15, 1876, in New
York city.
CROSS, ROSELLE THEODORE, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Aug.
21, 1844, in Richville, N. Y. For four years
he was principal of the academic depart
ment of Oberlin college; has filled pas
torates in various large cities; and is the
•author of Home Duties; Clear as Crystal;
History of Colorado Congregationalism;
and also numerous articles, poems and
lectures.
CROSS, SAMUEL CREED, author, edu
cator, lecturer, was born Oct. 10, 1871, in
Great Cacapon, W. Va. He graduated
from the northern Indiana university,
and was retained as a teacher in that col
lege; and is now professor in the Grand
Rapids Business college, Mich.
CROSS, TRUEMAN, soldier, author,
was born in Maryland. He was chief of
the quartermaster's department of the
army of occupation from 1845 till his
death, which he met at the hands of
Mexican banditti. He published Military
Laws of the United States. He died April
21, 1846.
CROSSLAND, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born June 30, 1827, in
Hickman county, Ky. He was a member
of the state legislature in 1857; elected
judge of the court of common pleas in the
first district for six years in 1867; and
was elected to the forty-second and forty-
third congresses as a democrat.
CROSWELL, ANDREW, clergyman,
author, was born in 1709, in Charlestown.
Mass. He was a Boston clergyman, very
active as a controversialist; and the au
thor of The Apostle's Advice to the Jailor
Improved; and Heaven shut against Ar-
minians and Antinomians. He died April
12, 1785, in Boston, Mass.
CROSWELL, CHARLES M., lawyer,
state senator, governor, was born Oct. 31,
1825, in Newburg, N. Y. He was elected
register of deeds of Lewanee county,
Mich., in 1850, and re-elected in 1852; in
1854 was a member and secretary of the
state convention at Jackson, Mich., from
which sprung the republican party. In
1862 he was appointed city attorney, and
the same year was elected mayor of Ad
rian. He was a state senator in 1863, 1865,
and 1867; and was speaker of the state
house of representatives in 1873. He was
elected governor of Michigan in 1876, and
re-elected in 1878. He died Dec. 13, 1886,
in Adrian, Mich.
CROSWELL, HARRY, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 16, 1778, in West
Hartford, Conn. He was an episcopal
clergyman and rector of Trinity church of
New Haven in 1816-58, but in earlier
life was a political journalist noted for
his scathing editorials. He was the au
thor of Young Churchman's Guide; Man
ual of Family Prayers; Guide to the Holy
Sacrament. He died March 13, 1858, in
New Haven, Conn.
CROUCH, EDWARD, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1813 to 1815.
CROUNSE, LORENZO, governor, sol
dier, legislator, jurist, was born Jan. 27,
1834, in Sharon, N. Y. For awhile he
was employed with
his father in the
tanning business;
then taught school;
and was admitted to
the bar in 1857.
During the war he
was captain of bat
tery K, first regi
ment New York light
artillery; and he
was severely
wounded during the
second Bull Run bat
tle. In 1866 he served in the territorial
legislature of Nebraska; in 1867 he was
elected a justice of the supreme court;
and for several years was supreme court
reporter. He served in the forty-third
and forty-fourth congresses as a republi
can; and in 1892 was elected governor of
the state of Nebraska.
CROUSE, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
soldier, manufacturer, congressman, was
born Nov. 23, 1832, in Tallmadge, Ohio.
He has been promi-
n e n 1 1 y identified
with the business
and public affairs of
Akron, Ohio; and
during the war was
a sergeant in com
pany F, one hundred
and sixty-fourth reg
iment Ohio volunteer
infantry. During
1885-87 he was a
member of the Ohio
state senate; when
he resigned and was elected to the fiftieth
congress as a republican. He is now
president of the City National bank; the
Akron Twine and Cordage company; the
Akron Printing and Publishing company;
the Akron Water Works company; and
numerous other business enterprises.
CROUTER, A. L. EDGERTON, edu
cator, author, was born in Canada. He is
superintendent of the Pennsylvania In
stitution for the Deaf and Dumb; and is
the author of Statistics of Articulation
Teaching in America; and numerous
other works.
CROW, MOSES ROCKWELL, lawyer,
capitalist, was born in 1855, in Seneca
Falls, N. Y. He became a water expert,
a water engineer, and a water capitalist,
in connection with water works for the
city of Mexico and several South Ameri
can cities. He also controls the New
York and Westchester Water company,
the Pocantico Water Works company,
and the New York City District Water
Supply company.
CROWDER, JOHN S., clergyman, was
born June 27, 1872, in Richmond, Va. He
graduated from the De Pauw university
of Greencastle, Ind.; and is attaining
prominence as one of the foremost clergy
men in the methodist episcopal church in
Indiana.
CROWE, JOHN FINLEY, clergyman,
educator, was born June 16, 1787, in Tenn
essee. He founded Hanover college and
the Indiana Theological seminary; and
was vice-president of the college, besides
filling the professorships of rhetoric, log
ic, and history from 1832-60. He died
Jan. 17, 1860, in Hanover, Ind.
CROWE, WINFIELD SCOTT, clergy
man, author, was born in 1850, in Indiana.
He is a universalist clergyman of New
ark, N. J.; and editor of the Universalist
Monthly. He is the author of The Man of
Evolution; The God of Evolution; and
The Lordship of Jesus.
CROWELL, EUGENE, author, was born
in 1817, in New York. He was a writer
of San Francisco, and later of New York
city, and was a zealous defender of spirit
ualism. He was the author of The Iden
tity of Primitive Christianity with Mod
ern Spiritualism; The Spirit World; The
Philosophy of Death; Spiritualism and
Insanity; and The Religion of Spiritual
ism. He died in 1894.
CROWELL, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Halifax county, Ala. He was
chosen delegate to congress when the
territory of Alabama was established in
1817, and served till 1819, when the state
constitution was formed. He was elected
the first representative to congress, serv
ing until 1821. He died June 25, 1846, in
Fort Mitchell, Ala.
CROWELL, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Connecticut. He was a represen
tative in congress from Ohio from 1847 to
1851.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
267
CROWELL, JOHN FRANKLIN, edu
cator, college president, was born Nov. 1,
1857, in York, Pa. He was appointed
president of Trinity college, North Caro
lina, and still occupies the presidency,
with the chair of political and social
science.
CROWELL, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1806, in Middlefleld,
Mass. He was a baptist clergyman who
published The Church Member's Manual
of Ecclesiastical Principles; Church Mem
ber's Handbook; and History of Baptist
Literature for Fifty Years. He died Aug.
19, 1871, in Flanders, N. J.
GROWL, MARGARET A., poet, was
born Sept. 14, 1849, in Canada. Her poems
have appeared in several magazines and
the local press generally.
GROWL, THEODORE, soldier, clergy
man, was born July 22, 1844, in Darling
ton, Pa. He served as a union soldier
during the civil war in the one hundred
and seventy-eighth regiment Ohio volun
teer infantry; was promoted to second
lieutenant; and was judge advocate of
general court martial United States army
at Tullahoma and Murfreesboro, Tenn.,
during the winter of 1864-65. In 1868 he
graduated from the Washington and Jef
ferson college; and in 1871 from the
Western Theological seminary of Pitts-
burg, Pa. In 1873 he organized the First
Presbyterian church of Tacoma, Wash.
He has filled pastorates in Seattle, Wash.;
Zanesville, Ohio; and is now pastor of the
First Congregational church of Sterling,
111. He has contributed extensively to re
ligious literature.
CROWLEY, DENIS O., philanthropist,
poet. He was elevated to the priesthood
in 1883. In 1887 he was transferred to
San Francisco, where the city waifs were
confided to his care. Since then he has
built a large and beautiful home for the
destitute and homeless boys of the city
and state. He is the author of A Chaplet
of Verse.
CROWLEY, MILES, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1859,
in Boston, Mass. He was elected chief
engineer of the Galveston fire department
for two terms; was a member of the
house of representatives of the twenty-
second legislature of the state of Texas;
and a state senator of the twenty-third
and twenty-fourth legislatures. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
democrat.
CROWLEY, RICHARD, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Dec. 14,
1836, in Lockport, N. Y. He was city
attorney in 1865; was a state senator
from 1866 to 1870; was United States dis
trict attorney from 1871 to 1879, when he
resigned; and was elected a represen
tative from New York to the forty-sixth
and forty-seventh congresses as a repub
lican.
CROWLEY, WINFIELD S., journalist,
was born Feb. 15, 1861, in Saco, Maine.
He is the editor and manager of the
Globe-Star of Westbrook, Maine. He has
been chairman of the board of registra
tion, and is prominently identified with
the democratic party of his county and
state.
CROWNINSHIELD, BENJAMIN WIL
LIAMS, secretary of the navy, congress
man, was born Dec. 27, 1772, in Boston,
Mass. In 1820 he was a presidential elec
tor; and in 1826 was elected a represen
tative in congress from the Salem district
of Massachusetts, and continued in that
position until 1831. He di'ed Feb. 3, 1851,
in Boston, Mass.
CROWNINSHIELD, JACOB, state leg
islator, congressman, was born March 31,
1770, in Salem, Mass. He was a member
of the Massachusetts legislature in 1801;
was elected a representative in congress
from Massachusetts from 1803 to 1805;
and was appointed secretary of the navy
in 1805. He died April 14, 1808, in Wash
ington, D. C.
CROWTHER, GEORGE C., soldier, bus
iness man, congressman, was born Jan. 26,
1849. In 1862 he entered the federal army,
and was mustered out of service in 1865.
In 1869 he was elected secretary of the
Kansas state senate, and was re-elected
in 1871 and 1873. From 1875 to 1886 he
was engaged on newspapers and in the
printing business; in 1887 was' appointed
deputy sheriff of Buchanan county, Mo.;
in 1888 was elected city treasurer of St.
Joseph, and re-elected in 1890. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
CROXTON, JOHN THOMAS, soldier,
journalist, lawyer, was born Nov. 20, 1837,
in Bourbon county, Ky. He participated
in the battles of Sherman's army, and at
the close of the war was put in command
of the military district of southwest
Georgia, with headquarters at Macon. He
established the Louisville Commercial as
a republican journal. He died April 16,
1874, in Bolivia.
CROXTON, THOMAS, lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 15, 1822, in
Tappahannock, Va. He was common
wealth attorney for his native county
from 1852 to 1865; was a presidential
elector in 1880; and in 1884 was elected
a representative from Virginia to the
forty-ninth congress as a democrat.
CROZIER, JOHN H., congressman, was
born in Tennessee. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1845
to 1849.
CROZIER, MRS. M. P. A., poet, was
born Feb. 23, 1834, in Richmond Centre,
N. Y. In 1887 a small volume of her
poems was published by her son.
CRUDUP, JOSIAH, congressman, was
born in Wake county, N. C. He was a
representative in congress from North
Carolina from 1821 to 1823.
CRUFT, CHARLES, soldier, was born
in Indiana. He was commissioned an of
ficer of volunteers from Indiana in 1862,
and became a major-general of volunteers
in 1865. He died March 23, 1883, in Terre
Haute, Ind.
CRUGER, DANIEL, congressman. He
was a member of the New York assembly
a number of years; and was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1817 to 1819.
CRUGER, JOHN, colonist, was born
July 18, 1710, in New York city. He was
an alderman for twenty-two years, and in
1739-44 was mayor of the city of New
York. He was the author of the famous
Declaration of the Rights and Grievances
of the Colonist of America; and in 1768
was elected the first president of the New
York Chamber of Commerce. He died
Dec. 27, 1792, in New York city.
CRUGER, MRS. JULIA GRINNELL,
author. She is a popular novelist of New
York city; and the author of A Diplo
mat's Diary; Poppaea; A Successful
Man; A Wedding and Other Stories;
Mademoiselle Reseda; and A Puritan
Pagan.
CRUGER, MARY, author, was born in
1834, in New York. She is a writer of
Montrose, N. Y.; and the author of Hy-
perassthesia; A Den of Thieves, or the
Lay Reader of St. Mark's; The Vander-
heyde Manor House; How She Did It;
and Brotherhood.
CRUGER, STEPHEN VAN RENS-
SELAER, soldier, public official, was born
May 9, 1844, in New York city. He served
in the civil war, and was brevetted major
and lieutenant-colonel. He is trustee and
treasurer of St. Stephen's college of New
York city, and of the New York Protest
ant Episcopal Public school. He was ap
pointed park commissioner in 1895, and
later president of the board.
CRUM, JOHN DARIUS, physician, sur
geon, was born Aug. 1, 1866, in Charles
ton, S. C. He received the rudiments
of his education in
the primary schools;
graduated from the
Avery institute In
1884; and in 1887
graduated in the
medical department
from the Howard
university of Wash
ington, D. C. He
was at one time
druggist-in-chief of
the Freedmen's hos
pital of Washington,
D. C.; and has attained prominence as a
successful physician and surgeon of Jack
sonville, Fla., where he has a lucrative
practice. He is a member of the Ameri
can Pharmaceutical association; a mem
ber of the Florida Medical association;
and other prominent medical bodies.
CRUMMELL, ALEXANDER, clergy
man, author, was born in 1819, in New
York. He is a colored episcopal clergy
man of Washington; and the author of
The Future of Africa; Greatness of
Christ, and Other Sermons; and Africa
and America.
CRUMP, GEORGE WILLIAM, physi
cian, congressman, was born in Powhatan
county, Va. He was a member of the leg
islature; and was a representative in
congress from Virginia from 1826 to 1827
to fill a vacancy. He died in 1850.
CRUMP, JOSEPHINE B., poet, was
born Sept. 13, 1841, in Blount county,
Tenn. Her poems have appeared quite
extensively in the local press.
CRUMP, ROUSSEAU 0., manufacturer,
congressman, was born May 20, 1843, in
Pittsford N. Y. In 1884 the corporation
of the Crump Manu
facturing company
was formed by him.
He is a member of
the Wenona Lodge,
Blanchard Chapter.
Bay City Command-
ery, the Michigan
Sovereign Consistory
of Detroit, and Mos
lem Temple; and al
so a member of the
Ancient Order of
United Workmen,
Royal Arcanum, and Knights of Pythias.
He cast his first vote for Lincoln; has
served West Bay City as alderman for
four years, and in the spring of 1892 was
nominated and elected mayor of West
Bay City and was re-elected in 1894. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-
fifth congresses as a republican.
CRUMPACKER, EDGAR D., lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born May 27,
1851, in Laporte county, Ind. He was
prosecuting attorney for the thirty-first
judicial district of Indiana from 1884 to
1888; served as appellate judge in the
state of Indiana from 1891-93; and was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
268
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CRUMRINE, BOYD, soldier, lawyer, au
thor, was born Feb. 9. 1838, in Washing
ton county, Pa. In 1861-62 he served in
the civil war, in the eighty-fifth Pennsyl
vania volunteers. From 1865-68 he was
district attorney of Washington county,
Pa. He is the author of a work entitled
Omnium Gatherum; and in 1882 he com
posed a large part and edited the whole
of The History of Washington County.
CRUNDEN, FREDERICK MORGAN, li
brarian, author, was born Sept. 1, 1847,
in England. In 1877 he was appointed li
brarian of the public library of St. Louis,
which position he still holds. He has con
tributed extensively to the Library Jour
nal and other periodicals.
CRUSE, CHRISTIAN FREDERICK,
clergyman, author, was born June -7.
1794, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was an
episcopal clergyman of New York city
whose translation of the Ecclesiastical
History of Eusebius is a. standard English
version. He died Oct. 5, 1864, in New
York city.
CRUSE, MARY ANNE, educator, au
thor, was born in 18 — in Alabama. Be
sides a novel of the Civil War, Cameron
Hall, she has written several popular Sun
day-school books, such as The Little
Episcopalian, and Bessie Melville.
CRUTCHFIELD, WILLIAM, farmer,
congressman, was born Nov. 16, 1826, in
Greeneville, Tenn. He was elected to the
forty-third congress from Tennessee.
CRUTTENDEN, DANIEL HENRY, ed
ucator, author, was born Feb. 27, 1816,
in Galway, N. Y. He was an educator
of New York city, among whose text
books are Systematic Arithmetic Series;
The Philosophy of Language; and Rhetor
ical Grammar. He died June 21, 1874,
in Castleton, N. Y.
CUBBISON, JAMES K., lawyer, state
legislator, was born in 1861 in Harris-
ville, Pa. He is a successful lawyer of
Kansas City, Mo.; was elected to the
Kansas state legislature in 1892, and re-
elected in 1894 and in 1896.
CUCKSON, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1846 in England. He is a
unitarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of
the Arlington Street church from 1892;
and the author of Faith and Fellowship.
CUDAHY, MICHAEL, packer, was
born Dec. 7, 1841, in Ireland. He is the
oldest of four brothers. William died
when thirty-seven years of age. John and
Patrick succeeded John Plankinton and
Company, of Milwaukee, in their pack
ing business, under the firm name of
Cudahy Brothers.
CUDMORE, P., soldier, lawyer, histor
ian, poet, was born June, 1831, in Ire
land. After leaving the monastery of
Dungarvan, he stud-
I led mathematics at
ii I the best academy in
Munster. He emi
grated to America in
1846; studied law;
took a course of lec
tures on anatomy at
BelleMie hospital;
and a course of lec
tures at the Cooper
institute. He then
traveled in Cuba,
Mexico, Central and
South America. In 1853 he moved to
Dane county, Wis., and in 1855 was elect
ed a justice of the peace, and became a
popular lawyer and public speaker. In
1856 he moved to Minnesota, aim tne fol
lowing year settled in Faribault. In 1860
he commenced delivering lectures on Ire
land, Mexico and Peru; and in 1862 mus
tered in as a soldier and served three
years, first in company H, tenth regi
ment, Minnesota infantry volunteers,
which he was instrumental in raising;
and subsequently joined the sixteenth
army corps. He is the author of Cud-
more's Constitutional History ; Cudmore's
Irish Republic; Cudmore's Poems and
Songs; Cudmore's Battle of Clontarf and
Other Poems; Buchanan's Conspiracy, the
Nicaragua Canal and Reciprocity; Cud
more's Cleveland's Mai- Administration:
and other works.
CULBERSON, DAVID B., was born
Sept. 29, 1830, in Troupe county, Ga. He
was elected to the Texas legislature in
1859. He entered the confederate army
in 1862 as a private, and rose to be an ad
jutant-general, with the rank of colonel.
In 1864 he was elected to the legislature
of Texas, and subsequently to the state
senate. In 1874 he was elected a repre
sentative from Texas to the forty-fourth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-
eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fif
ty-second, fifty-third, and fifty-fourth con
gresses as a democrat.
CULBERTSON, KENNEDY RUSSELL,
soldier, iron manufacturer, was born May
12, 1840, in Knightstown, Ind. He is one
of the owners of the Cherokee iron
works in Alabama; is one of the most
skillful and successful iron men in the
country; and has been largely concerned,
with his brother and others, in bringing
about many valuable changes in iron man
ufacture.
CULBERTSON, MATTHEW SIMPSON,
clergyman, author, was born Jan. 18, 1818,
in Chambersburg, Pa. He was a presby-
terian missionary to China; and is the au
thor of Darkness in the Flowery King
dom, or Religious Notions in North China.
He died in August, 1862, in China.
CULBERTSON, WILLIAM C., farmer,
lumberman, congressman, was born Nov.
25, 1825, in Erie county, Pa. He is a
successful farmer and lumberman of Gir-
ard, Pa. He -was elected to the fifty-
first congress as a republican.
CULBERTSON, WILLIAM WIRT, sol
dier, state senator, congressman, was
born Sept. 23, 1835, in Mifflin .county, Pa.
He removed to Ohio; entered the union
army as a captain in 1861, and served
three years. He was elected state sen
ator, and served four years, and was
elected a representative from Kentucky
to the forty-eighth congress. He built
and started the ferry at Ashland, Ky.,
and has been prominently identified with
the business development of Kentucky.
CULBRETH, THOMAS, congressman,
was born in Kent county, Del. He was a
representative in congress from Maryland
from 1817 to 1821.
CULLEN, ELISHA D., congressman,
was born in Delaware. He was elected a
representative from that state to the thir
ty-fourth congress.
CULLEN, WILLIAM, farmer, journal
ist, congressman, was born March 4, 1826,
in Ireland. In 1846 he moved to Illinois,
and was sheriff of La Salle county, and
held other local offices. He became part
owner and senior editor of the Ottawa
Republican newspaper. He was elected
a representative from Illinois to the for
ty-seventh and forty-eighth congresses as
a republican.
CULLOM, ALVAN, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Kentucky. He served
frequently in the legislature of Tennessee;
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1845 to 1847; and was a
delegate to the peace congress of 1861.
CULLOM, SHELBY MOORE, lawyer,
legislator, governor. United States sena
tor, was born Nov. 22, 1829, in Wayne
county, Ky. He was elected city attorney
of Springfield; was elected a representa
tive in the state legislature in 1856; was
again elected to the legislature in 1860,
and was chosen speaker. He was elected
a representative from Illinois to the thir
ty-ninth congress, and re-elected both to
the fortieth and forty-first congresses. He
was again elected to the lower house of
the state legislature in 1872, and again
chosen speaker; was re-elected in 1874;
and in 1876 was elected governor of Illi
nois for the term of four years, and was
re-elected in 1880. In 1883 he was elected
a senator of the United States for the
term of six years from March 4, 1883, and
resigned the office of governor. His term
expires in 1901.
CULLOM, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1851 to 1855.
CULLUM, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
soldier, author, was born Feb. 25, 1809,
in New York city. He is a brevet major-
general in the United States army; and
the author of Military Bridges with India-
Rubber Pontoons; Biographical Regis
ter of the Officers and Graduates of the
United States Military academy at West
Point, 1802-90; and System of Military
Bridges. He died Feb. 28, 1892, in New
York city.
CULPEPPER, JOHN, clergyman, con
gressman, was born in Anson county,
N. C. He represented that state in con
gress from 1807 to 1808, when his seat was
vacated by resolution of the house. He
was re-elected, and served from 1813 to
1817, from 1819 to 1821, and from 1823 to
1825. He was a baptist preacher; and
was elected to the general assembly, but
his seat was vacated on constitutional
grounds.
CULVER, CHARLES VERNON, busi
ness man, congressman, was born Sept.
ii, 1830, in Logan, Ohio. He was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania to
the thirty-ninth congress.
CULVER, ERASTUS D., congressman,
was born in New York. He served in the
assembly of New York in 1838 and 1841;
and was a representative in congress from
New York from 1845 to 1847.
CULWER, DANIEL, pioneer, was born
in 1793 in Maryland. He was the first
American that went to upper Califor
nia, and the first that built a house in
San Francisco (on the same ground now
occupied by the Palace hotel). He was
also the founder of the town of Santa
Barbara. He died in 1857 in California.
CULYER, JOHN YAPP, civil engineer,
was born May 18, 1839, in New York city.
He has acted in the capacity of associate
engineer to the Albany parks, to the
parks and the riverside improvement in
Chicago, and to the state capitol grounds
in Nashville.
CUMBACK, WILL, educator, lawyer,
congressman, poet, was born March 24,
1829, in Franklin county, Ind. He taught
school for one or two years; attended
the law school at Cincinnati, and adopted
the legal profession; and was elected
a representative from Indiana in the thir
ty-fourth congress. He was a presiden
tial elector in 1861; and during that year
was appointed an additional paymaster
in the army. In 1868 he was elected lieu
tenant-governor of Indiana. He is also
a successful le.cturer and the author of
a number of meritorious poems.
HBRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
269
CUMMER, WELLINGTON WILLSON,
lumberman, was born Oct. 21, 1846, in
Canada. Among his investments are two
lumber companies which are operating a
large acreage of pine and cypress lands
in Louisiana and Florida, and the Elec
tric Light and Water company of Cadillac.
Mich. He has been mayor of Cadillac,
Mich.; a republican presidential elector
In 1888: and a member of the school
hoard for ten years.
GUMMING, ALFRED, governor, was
born about 1802. He served as governor
of Utah. He died Oct. 9, 1873, in Augusta,
Ga.
CUMMING, KATE, author, was born in
1835 in Alabama. She is a resident of
Mobile, prominent during the civil war
as an organizer of field hospitals in the
•confederate army. She is the author of
Hospital Life in Tennessee from the Bat
tle of Shiloh to the End of the War.
CUMMING, THOMAS W., congressman,
was born in Maryland. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New York
during 1853-1855.
CUMMING, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a delegate from North Carolina
to the continental congress in 1784.
CUMMINGS, A. B., naval officer, was
l>orn June 22, 1830, in Pennsylvania. He
was a naval commander in the civil war,
who died during the engagement of the
batteries at Port Hudson. His self-forget-
fulness after falling mortally wounded
was nearly equal to that of the noted
Sir Philip Sidney. He died March 14,
1863, at Port Hudson.
CUMMINGS, ALEXANDER, governor,
was born in Pennsylvania. In 1865 he
was appointed governor of the territory
•of Colorado.
CUMMINGS, ALEXANDER W., jour
nalist. He is the editor and owner of
The Derby Game Bird, of Derby, Ind. He
has written extensively for the periodi
cal press, and is a well-known bird fancier
and poulterer.
CUMMINGS, ALFRED, soldier, was
born Jan. 30, 1829, in Augusta, Ga. He
was on the Utah expedition of 1859-
60; and in 1861 resigned and was soon
commissioned lieutenant-colonel in the
confederate army. He rose to the rank
of brigadier-general, and served until dis
abled by wounds received at the battle of
Jonesboro, Ga., Aug. 31, 1864.
CUMMINGS, AMOS J., soldier, journal
ist, congressman, author, was born May
15, 1841, in Conklin, N. Y. He was ser
geant-major in the
twenty-sixth New
Jersey regiment of
infantry, second-
brigade, second di
vision, sixth corps,
army of the Poto
mac; and received
the congressional
medal of honor for
gallantry on the bat
tlefield. He was ed
itor of the Evening
Sun when elected to
the fiftieth congress. He declined a re-
nomination, preferring to give his whole
attention to editorial work. He was elect
ed to the fifty-first congress to fill a vacan
cy caused by the death of Samuel Sullivan
Cox; and was elected to the fifty-second,
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses and
was re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a democrat. He is the author of Hor
ace Greeley Campaign Songster; Sayings
of Uncle Rufus; and Ziska Letters.
CUMMING, GILBERT W., lawyer, was
born in 1817 in Delaware county, N. Y.
He removed, in 1853, to Janesville, Wis.,
and in 1858 to Chicago. In September,
1861, he raised the fifty-first Illinois regi
ment, and was appointed its colonel.
CUMMINGS, ASA, clergyman, journal
ist, was born Sept. 29, 1791, in Ando-
ver, Mass. He attended Phillips academy
of Andover, and graduated from Bow-
doin college. He was a clergyman for six
years, when he became editor of the
Christian Mirror, and for thirty years was
its editor. He died at sea June 5, 1856.
CUMMINGS, EBENEZER EDSON, cler
gyman, author, was born Nov. 9, 1800, in
Claremont, N. H. He was president of the
board of trustees of the New Lon
don institution from its beginning,
and for some time a trustee of Col
by university. He published several ser
mons, and left in manuscript The Bap
tist Ministry of New Hampshire for the
First Century of our History. He died
Feb. 22, 1886. in Concord.
CUMMINGS, EBENEZER HARLOW,
clergyman, jurist, author, was born in
1790 in North Carolina. He was a clergy
man and magistrate of Baltimore; and
the author of Geography of Alabama; and
History of the Late War (1820). He died
Jan. 17, 1835, in Washington, D. C.
CUMMINGS, EPHRAIM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1825 in Albany, N. Y.
He served as chaplain in a Vermont regi
ment more than a year during the war.
In 1872 and 1873 he was provisional pro
fessor of mental and moral philosophy in
the college. He has published a volume,
Birth and Baptism.
CUMMINGS, GEORGE J., educator, was
born July 6, 1838, in Groton, N. H. He
was fitted for college at the Kimball
Union academy, and graduated from
Dartmouth college in 1869. He has been
associate teacher in the Kimball Union
academy for six years, and then princi
pal of the same institution for five years,
resigning in 1880 to accept a similar
position in the Monson academy. In 1885
he accepted the professorship of ancient
languages, and the deanship of the pre
paratory department of the Howard uni-
.versity of Washington, D. C., which posi
tion he still fills.
CUMMINGS, HENRY J. B., soldier,
journalist, lawyer, congressman, was born
May 21, 1831, in Newton, N. J. He served
with distinction through the civil war;
was captain of the fourth regiment, Iowa
volunteer infantry, in 1861-62; and colonel
of the thirty-ninth regiment during 1862-
65. He was twice solicitor of Winterset,
Iowa; twice served as its mayor; and waa
twice county attorney of Madison coun
ty, Iowa. Since 1869 he has been the edi
tor and proprietor of The Winterset Madi-
sonian. He served with distinction as a
member of the forty-fifth congress from
the Des Moines district.
CUMMINGS, JEREMIAH W. D., cler
gyman, author, poet, was born April 5,
1823, in Washington, D. C. He was a
popular Roman catholic clergyman of
New York city; and the author of Italian
Legends; Songs for Catholic Schools;
Spiritual Progress; and The Silver Stole.
He died Jan. 4, 1866, in New York.
CUMMINGS, JOHN, tanner, was born
Feb. 26, 1785, in Woburn, Mass. He
probably taught more young men the
business of tanning, aiding them to es
tablish themselves, than any other leather
manufacturer in Massachusetts. He died
June 8, 1867, in Woburn, Mass.
CUMMINGS, JOSEPH, educator, the
ologian, was born March 3, 1817, in Fal-
mouth county, Maine. He was professor
of theology in the Methodist general bibli
cal institute in Concord, N. H.
CUMMINGS, JOSEPH FRANKLIN, sol
dier, educator, was born July 16, 1851, in
Brownsville, Texas. In 1876 he graduated
from the United States Military academy
of West Point, N. Y.; and during 1876-
83 was an officer in the United States
cavalry. In 1883-86 he was railroading
in Mexico; in 1886-88 was a teacher in
the public school at Galveston, Texas; and
since that time has been superintendent
of public schools in Brownsville. In 1887
he received the thanks of Gen. George
Crook in a general order for the capture of
an Indian village.
CUMMINGS, JUSTELLE, poet, was
born Dec. 19, 1848, in Falmouth, Maine.
She is the author of Faithe, a Story of
Falmouth, in \erse; and has contributed
extensively to current literature. She is
the widow of the late Isaac I. Cummings,
a noted physician of Falmouth, Maine.
CUMMINGS, MARCUS FAYETTE,
architect, author, was born March 11,
1836, in Utica, N. Y. For thirty years
he was a successful architect in the city
of Troy, N. Y. He is the author of Cum
mings' Architectural Details; Sanctum
Shots; and associate author of Architect
ure, and Modern Architecture. He is now
associate editor of Martha's Vineyard
Herald, of Vineyard Haven, Mass.
CUMMINGS, MOSES, clergyman, jour
nalist, was born about 1816 in Haver-
hill, Mass. From 1854 to 1862 he had
editorial control of The Christian Messen
ger and The Palladium, the central or
gans of the sect of which he was a mem
ber. He died Jan. 6, 1867, in New York
city.
CUMMINGS, THOMAS SEIR, artist, au
thor, was born in 1804 in England. He
was a New York artist who was author
of the Historic Annals of the National
Academy from its Foundation to 1865. He
died in 1894.
CUMMINS, FRANCIS, educator, cler
gyman, was born in 1732 near Shippens-
burg, Pa. He filled the office of pastor
to twenty parishes in different localities
in Georgia and the Carolinas. In 1778
he was a member of the South Carolina
convention held to decide upon the con
stitution of the United States, and voted
for its adoption. He died Feb. 22, 1832, in
Greensborough, Ga.
CUMMINS, GEORGE DAVID, bishop,
was born Dec. 11, 1822, in Smyrna. While
rector of Trinity church of Chicago, he
was consecrated as
sistant bishop of
Kentucky in 1866. In
1873 he resigned his
office in the episco
pal church, and be
came a member of
what is known as the
Reformed Episcopal
church. His low
church views were
decided, and he took
occasion to censure
the ritualistic ten
dency and proceedings of some of the
churches in the see of Kentucky. He
died June 26, 1876, in Baltimore county,
Md.
CUMMINS, HESTER V., educator, po
et, was born April 6, 1862, in Crane's
Grove, 111. She has attained success in
educational work in primary and kinder
garten teaching in Minnesota. She is the
author of two volumes of poems, and has
contributed extensively to current liter
ature.
270
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CUMMINS, HOLMES, lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Aug. 7, 1844, in Tipton coun
ty, Term. He served during the war In
the confederate
states army; was ad
jutant of the ninth
Tennessee regiment,
and adjutant of the
brigade confederate
states army. During
1872-76 he served as
a representative in
the Tennessee state
legislature. For sev
eral years he was ed
itor and owner of
the Tipton Record
of Covington, Tenn. He attained success as
an able lawyer, and was the general coun
sel of the Chesapeake, Ohio and South
western railroad, and of the Louisville,
New Orleans and Texas railroad. He
served as vice-president of the Memphis,
Arkansas and Texas railroad; and as
president of the Memphis, Paducah and
Northern railroad. He always took an ac
tive part In public affairs; in 1878 he was
chairman of the democratic state conven
tion of Tennessee, and in 1892-96 was na
tional democratic committeeman for Ten
nessee.
CUMMINS, JOHN, jurist, was born in
Indiana. He was appointed an associate
justice of the United States court for Ida
ho territory, residing at Boise City.
CUMMINS, JOHN D., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative from Ohio during the thir
tieth congress. He died Sept. 11, 1848,
in Milwaukee, Wis.
CUMMINS, MARIA SUSANNA, author,
was born April 10, 1827, in Salem, Mass.
She was a famous novelist of Massachu
setts, whose first book, The Lamplighter,
enjoyed for a time a phenomenal popu
larity. Her subsequent stories include
El Fureidis, a Tale of Palestine; Haunted
Hearts; and Mabel Vaughan. She died
Oct. 1, 1866, in Dorchester, Mass.
CUMMINS, MARY STUART, educator,
philanthropist, was born May 31, 1854,
in Jonesborough, Tenn. For four years
she was state president for Montana of
the Woman's Christian Temperance
union, and is a member of the state
board of charities and reforms for Mon
tana.
CUNARD, LUDWELL M., soldier, far
mer, litterateur, was born Dec. 31, 1834, in
Loudon county, Va. He served as a
union soldier during the civil war, and
mustered out a lieutenant in the thirty-
ty-flrst regiment Ohio volunteer infantry.
He has principally been engaged in agri
cultural pursuits, but has now retired
from active work. He has taken a great
interest in the public affairs of his coun
ty and state; and resides in Mt. Gilead,
Ohio, where for many years he has given
his attention to literary work.
CUNDELL, WILLIAM, poet, was born
in July, 1816, in England. In 1850 he
moved to Clinton county, Iowa, which
was then quite a wilderness. His poems
appear in Poets of America and other
standard works.
CUNNINGHAM, E. W., lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 31, 1842, in Clarksfleld,
Ohio. He has served as probate judge of
Lyon county, Kas.; has many times been
a delegate to republican state conven
tions; has contributed valuable papers to
various legal publications; and is promi
nently identified with the religious affairs
of Emporia, Kas.
CUNNINGHAM, FRANCIS A., con
gressman, was born in South Carolina. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1845 to 1847.
CUNNINGHAM, JOHN DANIEL, law
yer, jurist, was born March 28, 1840, In
Oak Bowery, Ala. In 1868 he was ap
pointed judge of a state court of unlimit
ed jurisdiction in Montgomery county,
Ala. He became one of the leading fruit
planters in Georgia.
CUNNINGHAM, WILLIAM LITTLE
TON, clergyman, educator, author, was
born Feb. 26, 1869, near Mulberry Grove,
111. He received his education at the Mc-
Kendree university of Lebanon, 111.; the
Terre Haute Business college; and the
Vandalia School of Stenography. For
several years he was an instructor in ste
nography; has taught school; and was
editor of the College Journal. He is a
successful clergyman, and fills a pastorate
at St. Elmo, 111. He is the author of a
work of fiction, and has contributed ex
tensively to current periodicals.
CURLINE, J. V., educator, college pres
ident, was born Nov. 9, 1847, in Union
City, Tenn. He received his education at
the Kentucky university of Lexington;
and has been a college president for a
quarter of a century.
CURME, GEORGE OLIVER, educator,
philologist, author, was born in 1860, in
Richmond, Ind. During 1884-96 he was
connected with Cornell college of Mount
Vernon, Iowa, and now fills the chair of
Germanic philology in the Northwestern
university of Evanston, 111. He is the
author of a work entitled The Historic
Grammar of the German- Language, the
largest and most extensive work of the
kind in America.
CURRAN, CHARLES COURTNEY, ar
tist, was born Feb. 13, 1861, in Hart
ford, Ky. This noted artist has received
numerous awards. In 1893 he was award
ed a medal at the World's Columbian ex
position, and a medal at the Cotton States
exposition at Atlanta.
CURREN, JAMES E., journalist, was
born July 4, 1855, in Dubuque, Iowa. He
started in life as a practical printer, and
has been the editor and founder of a score
of different country newspapers in the
west. He is now the editor and owner
of The Enterprise, of Clayton, N. M.
CURREY, AUGUSTUS, poet, was born
Dec. 17, 1836, in Detroit, Mich. In 1863
he became connected with the Western
Union Telegraph
company, and with
the Chicago, Bur
lington and Quincy
railroad at Chicago,
and remained in that
city for nearly twen
ty years. He then
returned to Detroit,
Mich., where he is
manager of the De
troit Car Service as
sociation. He has
contributed numer
ous meritorious poems to leading publica
tions, and have also appeared in Poets of
America and other standard collections.
He is also the author of a volume of po
ems entitled The Sower.
CURREY, JOHN THOMAS, farmer, hor
ticulturist, legislator, financier, was born
Oct. 28, 1837, in Harrodsburg, Ky. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education In
the common schools, and graduated from
the Asbury university of Greencastle, Ind.
He commenced life as a day laborer, and
now owns a farm of two thousand acres,
fifty acres of which are in orchards. He
has served as a member of the Texas
state legislature in the house of repre
sentatives for four sessions, thus devot
ing eight years of his time to the man
agement of the state revenues and ap
propriations, educational and stock inter
ests. He has been president of the Far
mers' County Alliance of Van Zandt
county, Texas, and has been vice-presi
dent of the Dallas state fair.
CURRIER, FRANK DUNKLEE, legis
lator, was born Oct. 30, 1853, in Canaan,
N. H. He served with distinction in the
New Hampshire state senate in 1887, and
was made president of that body. He
still resides in the place of his nativity,
and his portrait hangs in the new library
building of the state capitol.
CURRIER, MOODY, educator, lawyer,
banker, governor, poet, was born April
22, 1806, in Boscawen, N. H. He es
tablished the Amoskeag National bank
and the Amoskeag Savings bank in Man
chester, N. H. He was for several years
a member of the city government of Man
chester; was twice clerk of the state sen
ate of New Hampshire; and served two
terms as a state senator. He was twice
a member of the governor's council; was
a presidential elector in 1876; and in 1884
was elected governor of New Hampshire
for two years from June, 1885.
CURRY, DANIEL, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 26, 1809, in Peekskill, N. Y.
He was a methodist divine of note; and
the author of New York, an Historical
Sketch; Life Story of Rev. D. W. Clark;
Fragments, Religious and Theological;
and Platform Papers. He died Aug. 17,
1887, in New York city.
CURRY, GEORGE LAW, journalist,
governor, was born July 2, 1820, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. In 1846 he moved to Ore
gon, and two years later founded the Ore
gon Free Press, the first weekly paper on
the Pacific coast. In 1849 he was ap
pointed the first secretary of the territory.
In 1854 he was appointed governor of
Oregon territory, which office he filled un
til 1859, when the territory was admit
ted as a state. He died July 28, 1878, in
Portland, Ore.
CURRY, JABEZ LAMAR MONROE,
soldier, educator, clergyman, legislator,
author, was born June 5, 1825, in Lincoln
county, Ga. He attended the academies
in Georgia and Alabama, and subse
quently received the degree of LL. D.
from the university of Georgia; and was
a graduate of the Harvard Law school. He
served as a representative in the state
legislature of Alabama; and was a mem
ber of congress during 1857-61. He served
as a member of the confederate con
gress; and during the war was a lieuten
ant-colonel of a cavalry regiment. He
has been president of Howard college,
Ala.; professor in Richmond college; and
was president of trustees of Richmond
college. He has served as a minister
plenipotentiary to Spain; and has been
trustee and general manager of the John
F. Slater fund, and the Peabody Educa
tion fund. He is the author of Baptists
and Pedobaptists, their Radical Differ
ences in Faith and Practice; Constitu
tional Government in Spain; Gladstone,
a Study; and Southern States of the
American Union.
CURRY, JAMES L., soldier, lumber
man, state senator, was born Dec. 30,
1825, in Enfield, N. Y. He served from
1861 to 1864 in an Ohio regiment, rising
to the rank of colonel. He was a Michi
gan representative from Genesee county
in 1869-70, and state senator in 1873-74.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
271
CURRY, JOHN ROAKE, merchant,
journalist, legislator, was born Nov. a,
1847, in Yorktown, N. Y. He served as
a member of the sixth general assembly
of Colorado; was clerk in the district
court of Montezuma county, Colo.; and a
pioneer newspaper publisher. He is now
a successful merchant of Cortez, Colo.
CURRY, OTWAY, journalist, poet, was
born March 26, 1804, in Greenfield, Ohio.
He was an Ohio journalist who published
Love of the Past, a poem. He died Feb.
17, 1855, in Maysville, Ohio.
CURRY, ROBERT-PEASE, business
man, legislator, was born Aug. 3, 1848,
in Holderness, N. H. He is a successful
shoe manufacturer; for many years has
been postmaster, justice of the peace, and
a member of the board of education of his
native city. He is also serving as a rep
resentative in the New Hampshire state
legislature.
CURRY, SAMUEL SILAS, educator, au
thor, was born in 1847, in Tennessee. He
is an educator of Boston whose special
ty is the culture of expression; and the
author of The Province of Expression;
Lessons in Vocal Expression; and Imag
ination and Dramatic Instinct.
CURRY, SOLOMON S., business man,
legislator, was born June 12, 1839, in
Canada. In 1862 he moved to northern
Michigan and en
gaged in mining, and
also in exploring for
the Sault Ste. Marie
Canal company, and
subsequently ex
plored for the same
company at Mar-
quette. In 1879 he
went to Menominee,
where he opened the
Curry mine, and sub
sequently the Beau-
ford mine. He has
been identified with Ironwood, and was
one of its founders. He was the first
president of the First National bank
of that city; established and was
first president of the People's bank;
and is president of the Metropolitan Iron
and Land company. In 1875 he repre
sented Marquette county in the Michigan
state legislature, and in 1886 was the dem
ocratic candidate for lieutenant-governor.
CURRY, THOMAS ALLAN, lawyer,
was born Dec. 28, 1869, in Kempville,
Ala. He received his education at the
Howard college of Birmingham, Ala. He
has attained success as an able lawyer
of Clanton, Ala., and has served as prose
cuting attorney for Chilton county.
CURRY, WALKER, physician, surgeon,
was born Oct. 24, 1835, in Lincoln coun
ty, Ga. He served in the civil war; in 1862
was promoted to surgeon; and was given
charge of a general hospital in Jackson,
Miss. In 1869 he moved to New York
city, where he soon acquired a lucrative
practice.
CURTIN, ANDREW GREGG, lawyer,
congressman, governor, was born April 22,
1815, in Bellefonte, Pa. In 1855-58 he was
secretary of state and superintendent of
common schools for Pennsylvania. In
1860 he was elected governor; and was re-
elected governor in 1863, and was active
in the election of Gen. Grant to the presi
dency, by whom he was appointed min
ister to Russia in 1869. He was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-seventh, forty-eighth, and forty-
ninth congresses as a democrat.
CURTIN, JEREMIAH, author, was born
in 1838 in Milwaukee, Wis. He is the au
thor of Myths and Folk-Lore of Ireland;
Hero Tales of Ireland; Tales of the Fair
ies and the Ghost World, collected from
Oral Tradition in South Munster; Myths
and Folk-Tales of the Russians, Western
Slavs, and Magyars. His translations in
clude Tales of Three Centuries, from the
Russian of Zagoskin; and The Romances
of Sienkiewicz, from the Polish.
CURTIS, ALVA, physician, author, was
born June 3, 1797, in Columbia, N. H. He
was an Ohio physician and medical
writer; and the author of Medical Discus
sions; Lectures on Midwifery; Theory
and Practice of Medicine; and Medical
Criticisms. He died in 1881, in Ohio.
CURTIS, BENJAMIN ROBBINS, law
yer, legislator, jurist, author, was born
Nov. 4, 1809, in Watertown, Mass. He set
tled in Boston in 1834; and served two
years in the state legislature. In 1851 he
was appointed a justice of the supreme
court of the United States, which posi
tion he resigned in 1857. In March, 1868,
he acted as one of the counsel for Presi
dent Andrew Johnson, before the high
court of impeachment. He was the au
thor of Reports of Cases in the Circuit
Courts of the United States; United States
Supreme Court Decisions; and Digest and
Decisions of United States Supreme Court.
He died Sept. 15, 1874, in Newport, R. I.
CURTIS, BENJAMIN ROBBINS, jurist,
author, was born in 1855 in Massachu
setts. He was a municipal court judge
of Boston; and the author of Dottings
Round the Circle, a volume of travels. He
died in 1891.
CURTIS, CARLTON B., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 17, 1811, in
Madison county, N. Y. He was elected
to the legislature in 1836, 1837 and 1838,
and was elected to the thirty-second and
thirty-third congresses. He served in the
war of the rebellion as colonel of a
Pennsylvania regiment. He was elected
to the forty-third congress. He died
March 17, 1883, in Erie, Pa.
CURTIS, MRS. CAROLINE GARD
INER, author, was born in 1827 in New
York. She is the author of From Madge
to Margaret; and The Love of a Life
time.
CURTIS, CHARLES, lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 25, 1860, in North To-
peka, Kas. He was elected county at
torney of Shawnee county in 1884 for a
term of two years and was re-elected in
1886. He was elected to the fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses and re-elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
CURTIS, EDWARD, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Vermont. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1837 to 1841; and was appointed col
lector of New York by President Harrison.
CURTIS, EDWARD, physician, author,
was born June 4, 1838, in Providence, R.
I. He is a physician of New York who
has published Manual of General Medical
Technology.
CURTIS, FREDERIC C., soldier, ed
ucator, physician, was born Oct. 19, 1843,
in Unionville, S. C. He served in the
civil war as private in the forty-first Wis
consin regiment; in 1872 was appointed
physician to Albany; in 1877 lecturer in
the summer course of the Albany Medical
college; and in 1880 was professor of der
matology in the college.
CURTIS, GEORGE, banker, was born
about 1793 in Massachusetts. He was ap
pointed president of the Continental bank
of New York. He died in 1856 in Jack
sonville, Fla.
CURTIS, GEORGE M., manufacturer,
congressman, was born April 1, 1844, near
Oxford, N. Y. He moved to Clinton,
Iowa, in 1867, since
which time he has
been engaged in the
manufacture of
doors, sash, blinds
and lumber. He was
a member of the
\- dfilk twenty-second gen
eral assembly of
Iowa; and delegate
to the republican na
tional convention in
1892. He was elect
ed to the fifty-fourth
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
CURTIS, GEORGE TICKNOR, lawyer,
author, was born Nov. 28, 1812, in Water-
town, Mass. He was an eminent lawyer
of New York city, well known as a legal
writer and biographer. He was the au
thor of Digest of English and American
Admiralty Decisions; Digest of Decisions
of Courts of Common Law and Admiralty
in the United States; American Convey
ancer; Law of Patents; Equity Prece
dents; Inventor's Manual; Law of Copy
right; Rights and Duties of Merchant Sea
men; Commentaries on the Jurispru
dence, Practice, and Peculiar Jurisdiction
of United States Courts; A History of the
Constitution of the United States; Life of
James Buchanan; Life of Daniel Web
ster; Creation or Evolution; Last Years
of Daniel Webster; and John Charaxes a
novel. He died in 1894.
CURTIS, GEORGE W., poet, was born
Feb. 18, 1858, in Garden Valley, Wis. He
is the author of a number of meritorious
poems which have appeared in various
Wisconsin publications. He is in the ho
tel business at Duluth.
CURTIS, GEORGE WILLIAM, journal
ist, lecturer, author, was born Feb. 24,
1824, in Providence, R. I. To Putnam's
Monthly he contrib
uted The Potiphar
Papers, a spirited
satire upon society;
and Prue and I, a
story far superior to
his more ambitious
novel, Trumps. For
thirty-five years he
filled the Easy Chair
department of Har
per's Monthly, and
from 1863-92 he was
the political editor of
Harper's Weekly. Besides the volumes al
ready named, his writings include Nile
Notes of a Howadji; Lotus Eating; The
Howadji in Syria; James Russell Lowell,
an Address; Eulogy on Wendell Phillips;
From the Easy Chair; and Literary and
Social Essays. He died Aug. 31, 1892, on
Staten Island, N. Y.
CURTIS, HARVEY, clergyman, college
president, was born May 30, 1806, in Ad
ams, N. Y. From 1843 till 1858 he held
pastorates in Madison, Ind., and Chicago,
111. He was chosen president of Knox
college at Galesburg, 111., in 1858. He
died Sept. 18, 1862, in Galesburg, 111.
CURTIS, JAMES LANGDON, presiden
tial candidate, was born Feb. 19, 1816, in
Stratford, Conn. He was nominated by
the labor party for governor of Connecti
cut in 1884, and in 1888 became the candi
date of the national American party for
president.
272
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CURTIS, JEREMIAH, manufacturer,
was born in 1804. in Harapden, Maine.
He established a bank in Calais, Maine,
and later built the first railroad in Maine,
from Calais to Middletown, and accepted
the abolition nomination for governor of
his state. The owner of several formulas
for medicines, he manufactured largely,
and from the sale of Winslow's Soothing
Syrup, Brown's Bronchial Troches, etc.,
amassed a large fortune. He died March
24. 1883, in New York city.
CURTIS, JULIUS B., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born Dec. 10. 1825, in
Newton, Conn. He was appointed probate
judge for the district of Stamford in 1867.
and held the office for three successive
elections. He was elected judge of the
borough of Stamford in 1867, and as such
acted as judge of the court of common
pleas in Fairfield county. He was elected
to the senate of Connecticut in 1850, and
again in 1860.
CURTIS, LEMUEL J., manufacturer,
philanthropist, was born Jan. 15, 1814, in
Meriden, Conn. Engaging in the manu
facture of this ware, he was in 1852 one
of the organizers of the Meriden Britan
nia company. He accumulated a large for
tune by diligent industry, and at his death
in 1888 left between $700,000 and $800,000
to found an asylum for destitute children
and old women, which he called Curtis
home and is located in Meriden.
CURTIS, MOSES ASHLEY, botanist,
author, was born in 1808, in Massachu
setts. He was a botanist and episcopal
clergyman of North Carolina; and the
author of Edible Fungi of North Caro
lina; Contributions to Mycology of North
America; Catalogue of the Plants of
North Carolina; Esculent Fungi; and
Indigenous and Native Plants of North
Carolina. He died in 1872.
CURTIS, NEWTON MARTIN, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born May 21,
1835, in Depeyster, N. Y. He was ap
pointed major-general by brevet for gal
lant and meritorious services during the
war and assigned duty as chief of staff
of Major-General Ord. He was a member
of the assembly from 1884 to 1890, inclu
sive; and was elected to the fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses, and re-elected
to the fifty-fourth congress as a republi
can.
CURTIS, SAMUEL IVES, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 5, 1844, in Union,
Conn. He is a congregational clergyman
and professor in the Theological semi
nary of Chicago. He is the author of
The Name Maccabee; The Levitical
Priests; Ingersoll and Moses; and The
Date of our Gospels.
CURTIS, SAMUEL RYAN, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Feb. 3, 1807,
in Ohio. He studied and practiced law In
Ohio. He was elected
from Iowa as a mem
ber of the house of
representatives i n
the thirty-fifth con
gress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-
sixth and thirty-sev
enth congresses. He
resigned in 1861 to
serve as a brigadier
and major-general in
the union army dur
ing the rebellion. He
died Dec. 25, 1866, in Council Bluffs, Iowa.
CURTIS, THOMAS, clergyman, was
born in 1780, in England. He was pastor
for some years in Charleston, S. C., and
subsequently established a young ladies'
school at Limestone Spring. He died in
CURTIS, THOMAS F., clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 26, 1815, in England.
He was a baptist divine who was for some
years president of Lewisburg university,
Pennsylvania. He was the author of Pro
gress of Baptist Principles in the Last
Hundred Years (1857) ; and The Human
Element in the Inspiration of the Sacred
Scriptures, a work which occupies the Co-
lenso position on the subject and is in
places more advanced. He died Aug. 9.
1872, in Cambridge, Mass.
CURTIS, WILLIAM EDMUND, lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1824, in Litchfield,
Conn. In 1871 he was elected judge of the
New York supreme court, and at the time
of his death was chief justice of the su
perior court. He died July 6, 1880, in
Watertown, Conn.
CURTIS, WILLIAM ELEROY, journal
ist, author, was born Nov. 5, 1850, in Ak
ron, Ohio. He was envoy extraordinary
and minister plenipotentiary to the re
public of Central and South America;
special envoy to the Vatican; special en
voy to the court of Spain, and executive
officer international American conference.
He is the author of The United States and
Foreign Powers; Life of Zachariah
Chandler; The Capitals of Spanish
America; The Land of the Nihilist;
Venezuela; The Yankees of the East; and
Japan Sketches.
CURTIS. WILLIAM WOODSIDE, edu
cator, author, was born Dec. 22, 1858, in
Freeport, Maine. He has been principal
of high schools in Maine and Massachu
setts; and is now principal of the high
school of Pawtucket, R. I. He is one of
the authors of the English Classics Series;
and contributes extensively to current
literature.
CURTISS, MRS. ABBEY, poet, was born
Sept. 15, 1820, in Pomfret, Conn. She is
the author of a volume of poems entitled
Home Ballads.
CURTISS, FRANK H., educator, college
president, was born Oct. 2, 1857, in Cold-
water, Mich. In 1879 he graduated from
the New York Normal school; and was
instructor in the training department of
that institution for two years. For two
years he was president of the Brunson
Military academy, South Carolina; for
four years was president of the Aiken
institute, South Carolina; and for one
year was president of the Thomasville
Female college, North Carolina. He has
taught in the city schools of Titusville,
Pa., and Kansas City, Mo.; and for the
past seven years has been superintendent
of city schools of Shelby, Tenn.
CURTISS, GEORGE LEWIS, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 21, 1835,
in Columbia, Ohio. He attended the
Baldwin university of Berea, Ohio, and
the Medical college of Indiana. For two
years he filled the chair of mathematics
in Moore's Hill college; for ten years
filled the same chair in the Medical col
lege of Indiana; for seven years was pro
fessor of historical theology in the De
Pauw university; and for six years was
professor of diseases of the nervous sys
tem in the Medical college of the New
Orleans university. During all this time
he filled pastorates in the Methodist Epis
copal church; and now fills a pastorate
in Columbus, Ind. He is the author of
Monograph on Methodism; Sketches from
the Romances of American History; Man
ual of Methodist Episcopal Church His
tory; Evolution of Christian Doctrine;
Interrogatory Studies of the Bible; and
A Study of the Constitution of the Metho
dist Episcopal church. He has received
the degrees of A. M., M. D. and D. D.
CURTISS, MARILLA S., poet, was born
May 27, 1322, in Oswego. N. Y. Her
poems have appeared in the leading news
papers and magazines of America, and
have been a valuable acquisition to cur
rent literature.
CURTISS, ROMAINE J., physician, sur
geon, was born Oct. 1, 1840, in Richland
county, Ohio. He has been professor of
bacteriology, hygiene and general path
ology in the College of Physicians and
Surgeons of Chicago. He has attained
eminent success as a physician and sur
geon at Joliet, 111., where he is surgeon
in charge of St. Joseph's hospital; health
commissioner; and surgeon to the Joliet
Steel company.
CURWEN, SAMUEL, author, was born
in 1715, in Massachusetts. He was a loy
alist who lived in England during the
American revolution, but returned after
its close to his native town of Salem.
While an exile he kept a journal which
contains much valuable information con
cerning loyalist exiles. It was first pub
lished in 1842, with the title Journal and
Letters of the Late Samuel Curwen, Judge
of Admiralty, an American Refugee in
England, 1775-1784. He died in 1802.
CUSACK, MARY E.. philanthropist, was
born in 1830. She is known as The Nun
of Kenmare.
CUSHING, CALEB, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, author, was born Jan. 17, 1800.
in Salisbury, Mass. In 1825 and 1826 he
served in the state
legislature. He was
a representative in
congress from 1835
to 1843; was ap
pointed, by Presi
dent Tyler, commis
sioner and envoy to
China, and as such
~t negotiated an im-
portant treaty. In
1846 he was elected
to the legislature; in
1847 was chosen col
onel of the Massachusetts regiment of
volunteers for the Mexican war; and was
afterward appointed a brigadier-general.
In 1850 he was for the fifth time elected
to the legislature; and in 1851 was made
a justice of the supreme court of the state.
He was attorney-general from 1853-57.
He was again elected to the legislature of
his native state. He was the author of
Historical and Political Review of the
Late Revolution in France, 1833; Practi
cal Principles of Political Economy; Life
of William Henry Harrison; Growth and
Territorial Progress of the United States,
1837; Reminiscences of Spain; History
of Newburyport; and The Treaty of
Washington. He died Jan. 2, 1879, in
Newburyport, Mass.
CUSHING, FRANK HAMILTON, eth
nologist, author, was born July 22, 1857.
in Northeast, Pa. He was curator of the
entire Indian collection of the National
museum for the centennial exposition at
Philadelphia. In 1879 he was assistant
ethnologist of the United States bureau of
ethnology of the Smithsonian institution.
CUSHING, JONATHAN PETER, edu
cator, college president, was born March
12, 1793, in Rochester, N. H. He became
a tutor in Hampden Sydney college in
1818, and professor of chemistry and nat
ural philosophy two years later. This
chair he held for two years, when he be
came the president of the college. He
died April 25, 1835, in Raleigh, N. C.
HERRINQSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
273
GUSHING, LUTHER STEARNS, law
yer, jurist, author, was born June 22, 1803,
in Lunenburg, Mass. He was a well-known
authority on parliamentary practice and
a Massachusetts jurist who was lecturer
on Roman law in Harvard university in
1848-56. He was the author of Massachu
setts Reports, 1848-53; Manual of Parlia
mentary Practice; Trustee Process; Re
medial Law; Reports of Controverted
Election Cases in Massachusetts; Intro
duction to the study of Roman Civil Law;
Elements of the Law and Practice of Leg
islative Assemblies in the United States;
Lex Parliamentaria Americana; and Rules
of Proceeding and Debates in the De
liberative Assemblies. He died June 22,
1856, in Boston, Mass.
CUSHING, RICHARDSON ERNEST,
educator, librarian, was born Feb. 9, 1857.
He graduated from Amherst college in
1880; and subsequently from the Hart
ford Theological seminary. He is engaged
in educational work, and fills a chair in
the Hartford Theological seminary. He
is also librarian of the Princeton univer
sity, New Jersey.
CUSHING, THOMAS, patriot, was born
March 24, 1725, in Boston, Mass. He was
so prominent a member of the colonial
congress that he was regarded in Great
Britain as one of the leaders of sedition.
He died Feb. 28, 1788, in Boston, Mass.
CUSHING, THOMAS HUMPHREY, sol
dier, was born in 1755. He served during
the revolutionary war, beginning as a
sergeant; was in Arnold's naval battle on
Lake Champlain, and for his bravery was
successively advanced until in 1812 he had
reached a brigadier-generalship. He died
Oct. 19, 1822, in New London, Conn.
CUSHING, THOMAS PARKMAN, mer
chant, was born in 1787, in Ashburnham,
Mass. He was a successful merchant and
philanthropist of Boston, Mass. He died
Nov. 23, 1854, in Boston, Mass.
CUSHING, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was born March 1, 1732, in Scituate, Mass.
In 1772 he became judge of the superior
court of Massachusetts; in 1777 was pro
moted to chief judge; and in 1789 was
appointed, by President Washington,
a justice of the supreme court of the
United States, in which position he con
tinued until his death. He died Sept. 13,
1810, in Scituate, Mass.
CUSHING, WILLIAM, author, was born
May 15, 1811, in Lunenburg, Mass. He
went to Cambridge in 1868, became li
brary assistant in the Harvard library,
and "since 1878 was engaged in literary
pursuits. His published books are Index
to the North American Review; Index to
the Christian Examiner; Initials and
Pseudonyms; and Anonyms. He died in
1895.
CUSHMAN, CHARLOTTE SAUNDERS,
actress, was born July 23, 1816, in Boston,
Mass. She is generally admitted to be the
greatest of American actresses and read
ers, and by her stainless life, worked for
the elevation of the stage. Her farewell
to the stage was a great ovation, and she
received from the noble and venerable
poet Bryant, a laurel crown. She died
Feb. 18, 1876, in Boston, Mass.
CUSHMAN, JOHN PAINE, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born in 1784,
in Pomfret, Conn. He served in congress
from New York from 1817 to 1819; and in
1838 was appointed judge of the circuit
court, having previously been recorder of
the city of Troy, and one of the regents
of the state university. He died Sept. 16,
1848, in Troy, N. Y.
CUSHMAN, JOSHUA, state senator,
congressman, was born in Plymouth,
18
Mass. He was a state senator in 1809,
1810, 1819 and 1820, and a member of the
assembly in 1811 and 1834. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Massachu
setts from 1819 to 1821; and represented
Maine in congress from 1821 to 1825, after
its separation from Massachusetts. He
died in 1834.
CUSHMAN, PAULINE, actress, spy,
was born June 10, 1833, in New Orleans,
La. She was employed by the government
as a detective to discover the southern
sympathizers and spies in Louisville, and
their methods of conveying information
and medical supplies across the lines, and
frequently also as a scout.
CUSHMAN, SAMUEL, jurist, congress
man, was born in 1783. He was judge of
the police court of Portsmouth, N. H. ;
held several offices of trust in the state,
such as councilor from 1833 to 1835, coun
ty treasurer from 1823 to 1828, and navy
agent at Portsmouth from 1845 to 1849.
He was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from 1835 to 1839. He
died May 20, 1851, in Portsmouth, N. H.
CUSHMAN, SETH LEONARD, banker,
was born Aug. 13, 1849, in Taunton, Mass.
For many years he served as a book
keeper in a large mercantile house. He
then entered the banking business, and
since 1877 has been president of the Bris
tol county National bank of Taunton,
Mass.
CUSSONS, JOHN, explorer, journalist,
author, was born April 6, 1837, in Horn-
castle, England. He came to Virginia in
April, 1861, as lieu
tenant in the gov
ernor's guard, fourth
Alabama regiment.
He scouted for Gen.
Bernard until the
death of that officer.
He was then as
signed to scouting by
Gen. Whiting until
appointed on the
staff of Gen. Law, at
the battle of Seven
Pines; and served
with distinction throughout the war. He
is an honored member of the Richmond
Chamber of Commerce; member of the
history committee; grand commander of
the confederate veterans of Virginia; and
founder of Glen Allen, near Richmond,
Va., where he has a beautiful country
seat called Forest Lodge.
CUSTER, MRS. ELIZABETH, author,
was born in Monroe, Mich., and was the
wife of the late Gen. George A. Custer.
She is the author of Boots and Saddles,
or Life in Dakota with General Custer;
Tenting on the Plains, or General Custer
in Kansas and Texas; and Following the
Guidon.
CUSTER, GEORGE ARMSTRONG, gen
eral, author, was born Dec. 5, 1839, in
New Rumley, Ohio. He was a famous
general in the feder
al army during the
civil war, who after
wards became noted
in campaigns against
the Indians, and was
killed with his en
tire command in a
battle with the Sioux
in the Black Hills.
My Life on the
Plains was his only
publication. He died
June 25, 1876, i n
Montana. Mrs. Elizabeth Custer, his wife,
is a noted author.
CUSTER, THOMAS WARD, soldier,
was born March 15, 1845, in New Rumley,
Ohio. He enlisted as a private in an Ohio
regiment, and served in the west until he
was made aide-de-camp on his brother's
staff, then with the army of the Potomac.
He died June 25, 1876, in Montana.
CUSTIS, GEORGE WASHINGTON
PARKE, author, was born April 30, 1781.
in Mount Airy, Md. He was an adopted
son of General Washington; and the au
thor of Recollections of Washington. He
died Oct. 10, 1857, in Arlington House, Va.
CUSTIS, J. B. GREGG, homoeopathic
physician, was born Sept. 20, 1855, in Wil
mington, Del. He spent his youth in New
Jersey and there attended private schools.
In 1875 he graduated from the Columbian
university of Washington, D. C., with the
degree of A. B.; and in 1878 from the
Homoeopathic Medical college and hospi
tal. He has been professor of obstetrics
in the Southern Homoeopathic Medical
college of Baltimore; president of the
Alumni association of the New York
Homoeopathic Medical college and hospi
tal; president of the homoeopathic board
of medical examiners of Washington, D.
C., and is now president of the American
Institute of Homoeopathy in that city.
CUTBUSH, JAMES, chemist, educator,
author, was born in Pennsylvania. He
was professor of chemistry at West Point.
He published the Useful Cabinet, 1808;
Philosophy of Experimental Chemistry;
and Treatise on Pyrotechnics. He died
Dec. 15, 1823, in West Point, N. Y.
CUTCHEON, BYRON M., was born May
11, 1836, in Pembroke, N. H. He served in
the civil war; was assigned to the com
mand of the second brigade, first division,
ninth army corps, army of the Potomac,
in 1864; and was mustered out in 1865. He
was a member of the board of control of
railroads of Michigan in 1866-83; was
presidential elector in 1868; was city at
torney in 1870-71; was county attorney
in 1873-74; was regent of the Michigan
university in 1875-83; was postmaster at
Manistee City in 1877-83; and was elected
to the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, and
fiftieth congresses, and was re-elected to
the fifty-first congress as a republican.
During 1895-96 he was an editorial writer
on the Detroit Daily Tribune; and sinc>>
1896 he has practiced law in Grand Rap
ids. Mich.
CUTHBERT, ALFRED, lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
about 1781, in Savannah, Ga. He was first
elected to the state legislature, then a
representative from Georgia in the thir
teenth and fourteenth congresses, serving
till 1816, when he resigned. He was again
elected to the seventeenth, eighteenth and
nineteenth congresses, serving from 1821
till 1827. He was elected United States
senator from Georgia to fill a vacancy,
and was re-elected for a full term serving
from 1835 till 1843. He died July 9 1856
near Monticello, Ga.
CUTHBERT, JAMES HAZARD, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 13, 1823, in
Beaufort, S. C. He is a baptist clergyman
of Washington; and the author of Our
Mission as Baptists; and Life of Richard
Fuller.
CUTHBERT, JOHN A., congressman,
was born June 3, 1788, in Savannah, Ga.
He was a representative in congress from
his native state from 1818 to 1821; and
was appointed in 1822 a commissioner to
treat with the Creek and Cherokee In
dians. He died Sept. 22, 1881, in Mobile
Ala.
274
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
CUTLER, AUGUSTUS W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1829, in Morris-
town, N. J. He was a prosecutor for
Morris county; in 1871 was elected to the
state senate; and in 1874 was elected a
representative from New Jersey to the
forty-fourth congress, and was re-elected
to the forty-fifth congress.
CUTLER CARROLL, fourth president
of Western 'Reserve and Adelbert college,
was born Jan. 31, 1829, in Windham. N.
H He was elected to the chair of phil
osophy and ethics in the Western Reserve
college in 1860. and became president in
1871. During his administration the col
lege was removed from Hudson to Cleve
land, Ohio, and its name changed to Adel
bert college. He served as its president
until 1886. He is the author of The Be
ginning of Ethics, and other works. He
died Jan. 25, 1894, in Talladega, Ala.
CUTLER. ELBRIDGE JEFFERSON,
educator, poet, was born Dec. 28. 1831, in
Holliston, Mass. He was a professor of
modern languages at Harvard university
in 1865-1870; and the author of War
Poems; and Stella. He died Dec. 27, 1887.
in Cambridge, Mass.
CUTLER, MRS. HANNAH MARIA,
physician, author, was born Dec. 25, 1815,
in Becket, Mass. She is a prominent
woman suffragist who became a physi
cian in 1879, and practiced in Cobden, 111.
She is the author of Woman as She Was,
Is, and Should Be; Phillipia, or A Wo
man's Question; and The Fortunes of Mi
chael Doyle, or Home Rule for Ireland.
CUTLER, HENRY STEPHEN, musi
cian, was born Oct. 7, 1824, in Boston,
Mass. He was organist and choir-master
in Trinity church, N. Y., from 1860 to
1868. He compiled The Psalter, with
Chants; Trinity Psalter; and Trinity An
thems.
CUTLER. JERVIS, pioneer, author, was
born Sept. 19. 1768, in Edgartown, Mass.
He was a western pioneer who published
Topographical Description of the Western
Country. He died June 25, 1844, in Evans-
ville, Ind.
CUTLER, MRS. LIZZIE PETIT, author,
was born in 1836. in Milton, Va. She is
the author of Light and Darkness; House
hold Mysteries, a romance of Southern
life; and The Stars of the Crowd, or Men
and Women of the Day.
CUTLER, LYSANDER, soldier, was
born about 1806 in Maine. He offered his
services to the government at the begin
ning of the civil war, and was given com
mand of the sixth Wisconsin regiment.
Subsequently he was in command of the
Iron Brigade of the army of the Poto
mac, to which his regiment was attached,
and won the promotion of brigadier-gen
eral and afterward major-general. He died
July 30, 1866, in Milwaukee, Wis.
CUTLER, MANASSEH, clergyman, con
gressman, was born May 3, 1742, in Kill-
Thgly, Conn. He was one of the first scien
tific explorers of the White mountains:
and in 1787 he organized an expedition to
the northwest territory. He served a
number of years in the legislature; was
pastor of the church at Hamilton, Mass..
until his death; and in 1800 he was elect
ed to a seat in congress, and retained it
until 1804. He died July 28, 1823, in Ham
ilton, Mass.
CUTLER, NATHAN, governor, was
born May 29, 1775. in I^exington, Mass. In
1828 and 1829 he was a member of the
Maine senate from Kennebec county. In
1829 he was president of that body, by vir
tue of which office he became governor for
the unexpired term of Gov. Lincoln. He
died June 8, 1861, in Farmington, Maine.
CUTLER, TIMOTHY, clergyman, was
born in 1683 in Charlestown, Mass. From
1719-22 he was rector of Yale college. He
died Aug. 17, 1765, in Boston, Mass.
CUTLER, WILLIAM P., railroad presi
dent, congressman, was born July 12, 1813,
near Marietta, Ohio. He was elected to
the Ohio legislature in 1844, 1845 and
1846, officiating as speaker of the house
during the last term. He was a member
of the constitutional convention of 1850;
and from that period until elected to con
gress was president of the Marietta and
Cincinnati Railroad company. He was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-seventh congress.
CUTT, CHARLES, lawyer. United
States senator, was born Jan. 31, 1769, in
Portsmouth, N. H. In 1804 he was elected
to the New Hampshire legislature, becom
ing speaker of that body during the same
year. He was elected a senator from New
Hampshire. He died Jan. 25, 1846, in
Portsmouth, N. H.
CUTTS, RICHARD, state legislator,
congressman, was born June 22, 1771, on
Cutts Island, near Saco, Maine. After
serving two terms as a member of the
general court of Massachusetts, he was
elected in 1800 a member of the house of
representatives of the United States, and
served through six successive congresses
as a democrat. In 1813 he was appointed
superintendent of military supplies, and
during 1817-29 was second comptroller of
the treasury. He died April 7, 1845, in
Washington, D. C.
CUTT. RICHARD DOMINICUS, soldier,
surveyor, was born Sept. 21, 1817, in
Washington, D. C. In 1855 he was ap
pointed United States surveyor upon the
international fisheries commission for the
settlement of the limits of the fishing
grounds between the United States and
the British dominions in North America.
In the civil war he was on the staff of
Gen. Henry W. Halleck, and received the
bre\et rank of brigadier-general of volun
teers in March, 1865. He died Dec. 13.
1883, in Washington, D. C.
CUTTER. CALVIN, physician, surgeon,
author, was born May 1, 1807, in Jaffrey,
N. H. He commanded forces in Kansas
in 1856: and was president of the military
council of that state. During 1861-64 he
was surgeon of the twenty-first regiment
Massachusetts volunteer infantry. He was
the author of Cutter's Physiology. He
died March 25, 1880, in Greene, Maine.
CUTTER, CHARLES AMMI, librarian,
author, was born March 14, 1837, in Bos
ton, Mass. In 1855 he graduated from
Harvard; and since
. 1869 has been librar
ian of the Boston
Athenjeum. He has
prepared a new clas
sification for librar
ies; and written
Rules for a Printed
Dictionary Cata
logue. He is also the
author of Boston
AthenjEum: How to
Get Books, with an
explanation of the
new way of marking books: and has edit
ed Catalogue of the Library of the Boston
AthenEPum, in five volumes. Since 1881 he
has edited the Library Journal of New
York city.
CUTTER, EPHRAIM, physician, inven
tor, was born Sept. 1. 1832, in Woburn.
Mass. He practiced his profession in New
York; and in 1887 the degree of LL. D.
was conferred upon him by the faculty
of Iowa college for his inventions, im
provements and contributions to medical
science.
CUTTER. GEORGE WASHINGTON,
poet, was born in 1801 in Massachusetts.
He was the author of Buena Vista, and
Other Poems; Song of Steam; and Poems
National and Patriotic. He died Dec. 24,
1865, in Washington, D. C.
CUTTING. FRANCIS BROCKHOLST.
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born in
1805 in New York city. In 1836 and 1837
he was a member of the New York legis
lature; from 1853 to 1855 was a represen
tative in congress from his native state;
and was leading counsel in almost all im
portant commercial questions in New
York from 1840 to 1855. He died June 26,
1870, in New York city.
CUTTING, HIRAM ADOLPHUS, geolo
gist, author, was born Dec. 23, 1832, in
Concord, Vt. He is state geologist of Ver
mont; and the author of Mining in Ver
mont; Climatology of Vermont; Micro
scopic Revelations; Farm Pests; Notes on
Building Stones; Lectures on Plants, Fer
tilization, etc.; Lectures on Milk, etc.;
Farm Lectures; and Vermont Agricultur
al Reports.
CUTTING, JAMES AMBROSE, inven
tor, was born in 1814 in Massachusetts.
Turning his attention to the new art of
making daguerreotypes, he discovered the
process of making pictures on glass,
which after his own name he called am-
brotypes. He died July 31, 1867, in Wor
cester, Mass.
CUTTING, JOHN TYLER, soldier,
business man, congressman, was born
Sept. 7, 1844, in Westport, N. Y. He en
listed in Taylor's Chicago battery at the
breaking out of the civil war and served
until 1862; re-enlisted in 1864 in the Chi
cago Mercantile battery, in which he
served until the expiration of the war.
He removed to California in 1877 and es
tablished a wholesale fruit and commis
sion business under the title of The John
T. Cutting and company. He was elected
to the fifty-second congress as a repub
lican.
CUTTING,. SEWALL SYLVESTER, ed
ucator, clergyman, author, was born Jan.
19, 1813, in Windsor, Vt. He was a bap
tist clergyman and religious journalist;
and the author of Historical Vindications;
Struggles and Triumphs of Religious Lib
erty; and Ancient Baptistries. He died
Feb. 7, 1882, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
CUTTS, CHARLES, lawyer, United
States senator, was born in 1769 in Mass
achusetts. He was elected a member of
the legislature in 1804, and then speaker
of the house. He was sent to the United
States senate in 1810 from New Hamp
shire, and served until 1813. He was sec
retary of the senate from 1814 to 1825.
He died in 1846 in Virginia.
CUTTS, MARSENA E., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 22, 1833, in Or
well, Vt. He was prosecuting attorney
of Poweshiek county. Iowa, in 1859; was
a member of the state house of represen-
iatives in 1861; was a state senator from
1864 to 1866; and was again in the state
house of representatives from 1870 to 1872.
He was attorney-general of the state from
1872 to 1877, and was elected a represen
tative from Iowa to the forty-seventh and
I urty -eighth congresses.
CUYLER, JEREMIAH, lawyer, jurist,
was bum in Georgia. In 1S21 be was ap
pointed district judge of the United States
eourt for the district of Georgia. He died
May 7. 1X39. in Savannah, Ga.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
275
CUYLER, THEODORE LEDYARD,
clergyman, author, was born Jan. 10, 1822,
in Aurora, N. Y. He is one of the lead-
, ing divines of Amer
ica, and for nearly
forty years has been
pastor of the Lafay
ette Avenue Presby
terian church of
Brooklyn, N. Y. In
1846 he graduated
from the Princeton
Theological serai-
nary, and has filled
pastorates In Bur-
lington and Trenton,
N. J.; New York city;
and in Brooklyn since 1860. He is author
of a dozen books on religious sub
jects; and one of his temperance
tracts, entitled Somebody's Son, has had
a circulation of nearly a million copies.
His force in preaching lies in picturesque
description and the weaving in of scenes
and illustrations from scripture and from
daily life. His principal works are; Stray
Arrows; Cedar Christian; The Empty
Crib; Wayside Springs; Right to the
Point; Thought Hives; God's Light on
Dark Clouds; Pointed Papers; Heart Life;
From the Nile to Norway; Newly Enlist
ed, or Talks to Young Converts; The
Young Preacher; Stirring the Eagle's
Nest; How to Be a Pastor; and Christian
ity in the Home.
DABNEY, CHARLES WILLIAM, diplo
mat, was born March 19, 1794, in Alexan
dria, Va. In 1826 he became United States
consul to Fayal. In the famines that vis
ited the island from time to time during
his residence, some of which were very
severe, he furnished the inhabitants with
food, assisted them to replant their fields,
advised and suggested the culture of new
and more varied crops. He died March 12,
1871, in the Azores.
DABNEY, CHARLES WILLIAM, edu
cator, chemist, author, was born June 19,
1855, in Hampden Sidney College, Va. He
received his education at the Hampden
Sidney college, university of Virginia and
the universities of Germany. He has been
state chemist and director of the North
Carolina agricultural experiment station;
and director of the Tennessee agricul
tural experiment station. He has been
president of the university of Tennessee,
and is the author of a .number of scien
tific works.
DABNEY, RICHARD, educator, poet,
was born in 1787 in Louisa county, Va.
He was a noted instructor in Richmond,
Va., whose Poems, Original and Trans
lated, contain scholarly translations from
Euripides, Alcseus, and other classic po
ets. He died in November, 1825, in Lou
isa county, Va.
DABNEY, RICHARD HEATH, author,
was born in 1859 in Virginia. He is the au
thor of The Causes of the French Revolu
tion.
DABNEY, ROBERT LEWIS, educator,
clergyman, author, was born March 5,
1820, in Louisa county, Va. He is a pres-
byterian clergyman; and since 1882 pro
fessor of moral philosophy in the univer
sity of Texas. He is the author of Life of
T. S. Sampson; Life and Campaigns of
Gen. Stonewall Jackson; Sacred Rhet
oric, or Lectures on Preaching; Defense
of Virginia and the South; The Sensual-
istic Philosophy of the Nineteenth Cen
tury; A Course of Systematic and Pole
mic Theology; The Christian Sabbath;
and Collected Discussions.
DABNEY, VIRGINIUS, soldier, author,
was born Feb. 15, 1835, in Gloucester
county, Va. He was a staff officer in the
confederate service during the civil war,
who published Don Miff, a Symphony of
Life; and Gold That Did Not Glitter.
DABOLL, CELADON LEEDS, mer
chant, inventor, was born July 18, 1818.
in Centre Groton, Conn. He conceived
the idea of applying the principle of the
clarionet to a large trumpet, to serve as
a fog signal for mariners. He died Oct.
13, 1866, in Groton, Conn.
DABOLL, DAVID AUSTIN, journalist,
state legislator, state senator, was born
in 1813 in Groton, Conn. He sat contin
uously in the state house of representa
tives from 1846 till 1871, and then served
a term in the senate. He assisted his
father in the preparation of the New
Arithmetic, and since his father's death
has continued the publication of the New
England Almanac.
DABOLL, NATHAN, educator, author,
was born about 1750. He published a
treatise on arithmetic, entitled the School
master's Assistant; and also the Practical
Navigator. In 1773 he began the annual
publication of the Connecticut Almanac.
He died March 9, 1818, in Groton, Conn.
DABOLL, NATHAN, jurist, state legis
lator, author, was born in 1782 in Gro
ton, Conn. He was a member of the Con
necticut house of representatives in 1832-
33, of the senate in 1835-36, and judge of
probate in 1843-45. He was joint author
of Daboll's New Arithmetic, and compiled
the New England Almanac from his fath
er's death in 1818 until his own death. He
died in 1863 in Groton, Conn.
DABOLL, SHERMAN, soldier, lecturer,
jurist, was born May 18, 1844, in Rensse-
laer county, N. Y. He served in the civil
war in the one hundred and seventeenth
New York volunteers. In 1887 he was
appointed quartermaster-general of Mich
igan, receiving the reappointment two
years later; and in 1889 he was elected as
judge of the twenty-ninth judicial cir
cuit of Michigan.
DA COSTA, JACOB MANDES, physi
cian, author, was born Feb. 7, 1833, in
the West Indies. He is a Philadelphia
physician connected with Jefferson Med
ical college since 1864, and a specialist in
diseases of the throat and lungs. He is
the author of Epithelial Tumors and
Cancers of the Skin; The Pathological
Anatomy of Acute Pneumonia; The Phy
sicians of the Last Century; Serous Apo
plexy; Medical Diagnosis; Inhalation in
Treatment of Diseases of the Respiratory
Passages; Strain and Over-Action of the
Heart; and Harvey and his Discovery.
DADD, GEORGE H., surgeon, author,
was born in 1813 in England. He is a vet
erinary surgeon who has published The
Modern Horse Doctor; Manual of Veterin
ary Science; Anatomy and Physiology of
the Horse; and The American Cattle Doc
tor.
DADE, FRANCIS LANGHORN, soldier,
was born in Virginia. He was appointed
third lieutenant in the twelfth infantry
in 1813; became first lieutenant in 1816,
captain in 1818, and bre\et major in 1828.
He was killed by the Indians Dec. 28,
1835, near Fort King, Fla.
DAGG, JOHN LEADLEY, clergyman,
college president, author, was born Feb.
13, 1794, in Middleburg, Va. He was a
baptist clergyman who retired from the
ministry in 1833. and was president of
Mercer university, Ga., in 1844-56. He was
the author of Manual of Theology; Ele
ments of Moral Science; Evidences of
Christianity; and English Grammar. He
died June 11, 1884, in Haynesville, Ala.
. DAGGETT, AARON S., soldier, was born
June 14, 1839, in Greene Corner, Maine.
He served through the civil war, and re
ceived the rank of major and lieutenant-
colonel.
DAGGETT, DAVID, educator, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, was born
Dec. 31, 1764, in Attleborough, Mass. He
was state's attorney and mayor of New
Haven, and frequently a member of the
legislature and member of the council. He
served as a presidential elector on sev
eral occasions; and from 1813 to 1819 was
a senator in congress from Connecticut.
From 1826 to 1832 he was a judge of the
supreme court of the state; and was chief
judge from 1832 to 1834. He died April
12, 1851, in New Haven, Conn.
DAGGETT, NAPHTALI, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 8, 1727, in Attle
borough, Mass. In 1756 he became pro
fessor of divinity at Yale, which post he
retained until his death. He published
several sermons and an account of the
famous dark day in New England. He died
Nov. 25, 1780, in New Haven, Conn.
DAGGETT, OLIVER ELLSWORTH,
educator, clergyman, author, poet, was
born Jan. 14, 1810, in New Haven, Conn.
He assisted in compiling a book of
psalms and hymns, and left a small vol
ume of poems, printed posthumously. He
died Sept. 1, 1880, in Hartford, Conn.
DAGGETT, ROLLIN M., journalist, con
gressman, was born in 1831, in Richville,
N. Y. In 1862 he removed to Virginia
City, Nev.; was elected to the territorial
council in 1863; was a presidential elec
tor in 1876; and was elected a represen
tative from Nevada to the forty-sixth con
gress. In 1882 he was appointed United
States minister to the Hawaiian Islands.
DAHLGREN, CHARLES B., engineer,
was born Oct. 16, 1839, in Philadelphia.
After the civil war he was engaged in en
gineering; wrote several papers, and a
standard technical works on the Historic
Mines of Mexico. He was also a captain
of the United States navy.
DAHLGREN, JOHN ADOLPH, naval
officer, iinentor, author, was born Nov.
13, 1809, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
a famous United States naval officer,
made admiral in 1863, who invented the
cannon bearing his name, and conducted
the siege of Charleston during the civil
war. He was the author of Thirty-Two
Pounder Practice for Rangers; System of
Boat Armament in the United States
Navy; Naval Percussion Locks and Prim
ers; Ordnance Memoranda; Shells and
Shell Guns; Memoir of Ulric Dahlgren;
and Notes on Maritime International Law.
He died in 1870.
DAHLGREN, MADELINE VINTON.
author, poet, was born in Gallipolis,
Ohio. She is the widow of Admiral John
A. Dahlgren, of the
United States navy,
who died in 1870. She
accompanied her
husband on his
cruise in the South
Pacific ocean, where
he was stationed
during the war be
tween Chili and Pe
ru, as commander of
the United States
squadron in those
waters. She is the
author of Idealities; Thoughts on Female
Suffrage; South Sea Sketches; Etiquette of
Social Life in Washington; Memoir of Ad
miral Dahlgren; South Mountain Magic,
a Narrative; A Washington Winter, a So
ciety Novel; The Lost Name; Divorced;
and Lights and Shadows of a Life.
276
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DAHLGREN, ULRIC, soldier, was born
in 1842, near Philadelphia. He served in
the civil war and attained the rank of
lieutenant-colonel. He died March 4,
1864.
DAIL, CHARLES C., lawyer, author, po
et, was born Jan. 5, 1851, in Kentucky. He
was left an orphan when an infant, and
at seven years of age became a newsboy
and bootblack in the streets of Cincinnati.
He became a citizen of Kansas at matur
ity, and has ever since made that state
hia home, and he has attained success as
an able lawyer of Kansas City. He is the
author of a volume entitled A Hundred
Poems; and Willmoth the Wanderer, a
work of fiction, which have gained for
him a good reputation as a poet and nov
elist.
DAILY, SAMUEL G., congressman, was
born in 1819 in Indiana. He was elected
a delegate from the territory of Nebraska
to the thirty-seventh congress, and re-
elected to the thirty-eighth congress; and
was subsequently appointed a deputy-col
lector in New Orleans. He died Sept. 14,
1865, in New Orleans, La.
DAKE, ALVIN CHAMBERLIN, capital
ist, was born Aug. 1, 1849, in Allenburg,
N. Y. In 1878 he commenced the man
ufacture of charcoal at Leadville; and in
1883 moved to Dake, Colo., where he con
tinued the business, and was one of the
largest charcoal dealers in the state. The
town of Dake was named after him.
DAKE, DUMONT CHARLES, physi
cian, was born June 11, 1838, in Nunda,
N. Y. He has attained success as a prom
inent physician of New York city.
DAKIN, GEORGE M., was born May 13.
1827, in Oakland, Ohio. He devoted both
time and means to the establishment and
successful continuance of the Laporte Li
brary and Natural History association,
over which he presided for twelve years.
DAKIN, THOMAS SPENCER, soldier,
merchant, was born in 1831 in Orange
county, N. Y. He was elected captain
in the thirteenth regiment, Brooklyn, in
1862, and served in the Virginia cam
paign as a member of the staff of Gen.
Crook, who then commanded the fifth
brigade. After the war he became major-
general of militia, and was widely known
as a member of the American rifle team.
He died May 13, 1878, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
DALCHO, FREDERICK, clergyman,
author, was born in 1770 in London, Eng
land. He was an episcopal clergyman of
Charleston, rector of St. Michael's church
there in 1819-36, but in earlier life suc
cessively a physician and journalist. He
was the author of The Evidence of the
Divinity of Our Savior; Historic Account
of the Episcopal Church in South Caro
lina; and Ahiman Rezon, a work for free
masons. He died In 1836.
DALE, ALPHEUS, contractor, state leg
islator, was born Jan. 7, 1844, in Union
county, Pa. In 1853 he moved to Illinois;
and in 18G5 settled In
Minnesota at North
Minneapolis as a car
penter and contrac
tor. He has served
as a member of the
Minnesota house of
representatives for
two terms, in 1895
and in 1897. He has
taken an active part
in debates In the
state legislature and
done much toward
the carrying out of all progressive meas-
DALE, JAMES WILKINSON, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 16, 1812, in
Odessa, Del. He was a clergyman of
eastern Pennsylvania; and the author of
The Cup and the Cross, or the Baptism
of Calvary; Classic Baptism; Judaic Bap
tism: Johannic Baptism; and Christie and
Patristic Baptism.
DALE, RICHARD, naval officer, was
born Nov. 6, 1756, near Norfolk, Va. In
1775 he rose to the command of a vessel.
He was promoted to
a captaincy in 1794;
and in 1801 was sent
to the coast of Trip
oli with a squadron
as commodore. Lord
Nelson observed
Dale's handling of
American vessels,
and said that . the
Americans, with
such men might
make trouble for
England. He died
Feb. 24, 1826, in Philadelphia, Pa., in
which city he was one of the foremost
citizens.
DALE. SAMUEL, pioneer, was born in
1772 in Rockbridge county, Va. In 1816
he was a member of the convention to di
vide the Mississippi territory, and served
several terms in the Alabama legislature.
He died May 23, 1841, in Lauderdale coun
ty, Miss.
DALE, WILLIAM JOHNSON, soldier,
physician, surgeon, was born Sept. 5, 1815.
in Gloucester, Mass. In 1863 he was raised
to the rank of brigadier-general, in con
nection with his appointment as surgeon-
general of Massachusetts.
DALES, JOHN BLAKELY, clergyman,
author, was born in 1815 in New York. He
is a united presbyterian clergyman of
Philadelphia, whose principal writings in
clude Roman Catholicism; Dangers and
Duties of Young Men; and The Gospel
Minister.
DALEY, ANDREW J., lawyer, was born
May 25, 1857, in Iowa county, Wis. He
attended the Monona academy and Theo
logical seminary of Madison, Wis.; and
has attained prominence as an able law
yer of Luverne, Minn.
DALEY, GEORGE HENRY, was born
Nov. 1, 1844, in Albany, N. Y. He en
tered as clerk in the office of Devlin and
Company, one of the leading clothing
houses in New York, rising to a partner
ship in the firm, and was president of the
corporation issuing the Gazette and Senti
nel for several years. He is a director in
the Staten Island Savings bank.
DALL, MRS. CAROLINE WELLS
[HEALEY], author, was born June 22,
1822, in Boston, Mass. She is a Wash
ington writer whose early efforts were
mainly in the line of social reforms,
while her later works were concerned
with general literature. She is the au
thor of Essays and Sketches; Historical
Pictures Retouched; Life of Dr. Marie
Zakrzewski; Woman's Rights under the
Law; The Romance of the Association, or
One Last Glimpse of Charlotte Templi'
and Eliza Wharton; What We Really
Know About Shakespeare; Woman's Place
in History; Life of Dr. Anandabai Joshee;
College, Market and Court; Woman's
Right to Labor; Essays on Confucius;
Patty Gray's Journey to the Cotton Is
lands; My First Holiday, or Letters from
Colorado; and Egypt's Place in History,
which include her principal works.
DALL, CHARLES HENRY APPLE-
TON, missionary, author, was born Feb.
12, 1816. in Baltimore, Md. He was a uni-
tarian missionary to Calcutta; and the
author of The Temperance Movement in
Modern Times; and Theism in Questions
and Answers. He died July 18, 1886.
DALL, WILLIAM HEALEY, naturalist,
author, was born Aug. 21, 1845, in Bos
ton, Mass. He is a naturalist of distinc
tion who has been connected with the
United States coast survey and the geo
logical survey. He is the author of Alas
ka and its Resources; Tribes of the Ex
treme Northwest; Scientific Results of the
Exploration of Alaska; Coast Pilot of
Alaska; Pacific Coast Pilot; and Re
ports on the Mollusca of the Blake Ex
pedition. •
DALLAS, ALEXANDER JAMES,
statesman, author, was born June 21, 1759.
on the Island of Jamaica. He was a noted
statesman who was secretary of state in
1796-1801, and secretary of the treasury
under Madison. He was the author of
Features of Jay's Treaty; Speeches on
the Trial of Blount; Address to Consti
tutional Republicans; and Causes and
Character of the Late War. He died Jan.
14, 1817, in Trenton, N. J.
DALLAS. GEORGE MIFFLIN, vice-
president of the United States, was born
July 10, 1792, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was an eminent law
yer, and assisted his
father in his duties
as secretary of the
treasury. In 1825 he
was elected mayor of
Philadelphia; and in
1829-31 was district
attorney. In 1831 he
was chosen to fill a
vacancy in the
United States sen
ate, and took part in
the debates of the
stormy session of 1832-33. He declined a
re-election; and in 1837-39 was ambassa
dor to Russia. In 1844 he was elected
vice-president of the United States. Dur
ing 1856-61 he was United States minister
to England. He was the author of a Series
of Letters from London; Eulogy on An
drew Jackson; and numerous speeches
and addresses. He died Dec. 31, 1864, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
DALLAS, ROBERT FRANK, artist, was
born June 6, 1855, in Camillus, N. Y. In
1886 he was made instructor in oil paint
ing and modeling in the College of Fine
Arts, and was in 1893 elected professor of
these classes.
DALLINGER, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
politician, author, was born in 1871 In
Massachusetts. He is a politician of Cam
bridge; and the author of Nominations
for Elective Office in the United States.
DALSHEIMER, ALICE, educator, au
thor, poet, was born Dec. 1, 1845, in New
Orleans, La. Her writings consist of
numerous sketches, short stories and po
ems, principally the latter, all of which
appeared in the daily papers of New Or
leans under the pseudonym of Salvia
Dale. She died Jan. 15, 1880. in New Or
leans, La.
DALTON, EDWARD BARRY, physi
cian, author, was born Sept. 21, 1834, in
Lowell, Mass. In 1869 he originated the
present city ambulance system for the
transportation of the sick and injured.
He published papers on The Disorder
known as Bronzed Skin, or Disease of the
Supra-renal Capsules; The Metropolitan
Board of Health (1868); and Reports of
the Sanitary Superintendent of the Metro
politan Board of Health from 1866 to
1869. He died May 13, 1872, in Santa Bar
bara, Cal.
HKRRINOSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
277
DALTON, JOHN CALL, educator, phy
sician, author, was born Feb. 2, 1825, in
Chelmsford, Mass. He was a physician
of note who was a professor in various
medical colleges. He was the author of
Observations on Trichina Spiralis; The
Experimental Method in Medical Science;
Doctrines of the Circulation; Topograph
ical Anatomy of the Brain; History of the
College of Physicians and Surgeons in
New York city; Treatise on Human
Physiology; and Treatise on Physiology
and Hygiene. He died in 1889.
DALTON, TRISTAM, state legislator,
United States senator, was born in May,
1743, in Newbury, Mass. He was a rep
resentative, speaker of the house of rep
resentatives, and a senator in the legis
lature of Massachusetts; and became a
senator of the United States in the first
congress after the adoption of the fed
eral constitution. He died May 30, 1817.
in Boston, Mass.
DALY, AUGUSTIN, dramatist, theat
rical manager, was born July 20, 1838, In
Plymouth, N. C. He has opened to the
American stage the rich field of German
farcical comedy. His productions of Tam
ing the Shrew and As You Like It have
been accepted in England as the finest of
this generation.
DALY, CHARLES PATRICK, jurist,
author, was born Oct. 31, 1816, in New
York city. He is a prominent jurist of
New York city, and the author of His
torical Sketch of the Judicial Tribunals of
New York, 1823-46; Reports of Cases in
Court of Common Pleas, City and County
of New York; First Settlement of Jews
in North America; and What we Knew
of Maps and Map Drawing before Mer-
cator.
DALY, ISAAC SHAW, lawyer, musi
cian, composer, was born Feb. 6, 1848, in
Livermore, Maine. He attended the pub
lic schools of Maine,
and was admitted to
the bar in 1878 at
Cambridge, Mass. He
is the author of an
ode entitled All Hail
Our Home, America;
and several songs
and military music
that is largely played
by the United States
army bands. In 1895
he was awarded a
diploma by the Ca
nadian northwest territorial exhibition
for music to the song. When You Come
Back Again. He is a successful lawyer
of Idaho.
DALY, JOHN AUGUSTIN, dramatist,
author, was born in 1838 in North Caro
lina. He is a dramatist and theatrical
manager of New York city who, besides
adapting many plays from the German
and French, has written Divorce; Pique;
Horizon; Under the Gaslight, and other
plays, as well as Peg Woffiington, a
Tribute to the Actress and the Woman.
DALY, JOHN J., mine owner, was born
Oct. 18, 1853, in Morris, 111. He is pres
ident and principal owner of the Daly
West Mining company, which operates
one of the greatest mines of the state.
He is also president of the First National
bank of Park City, Utah.
DALY, JOSEPH F., lawyer, jurist, was
born Dec. 3, 1840, in Plymouth. In 1870
he was elected judge of the court of com
mon pleas of New York city, and was re-
elected again in 1884. He was chosen by
his associates chief judge of the court In
1890. to serve until 1899.
DALY, WILLIAM H., journalist, was
born June 28, 1870, in Tonawanda, N. Y.
He graduated from the Wesleyan univer
sity of Lincoln, Neb.; and is now the ed
itor and owner of The Graphic of Lem-
ley, Neb.
DALZELL, JAMES, soldier. He was a
companion of Israel Putnam in some of
the most adventurous passages of that
rough veteran's life, and afterward an
aide-de-camp to Gen. Jeffrey Amherst. He
died July 30, 1763, near Detroit, Mich.
DALZELL, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born April 19, 1845, in New York city.
For years he was one of the attorneys for
the Pennsylvania Railroad company and
for all its western lines; and was also at
torney for many corporations in Alle
gheny county. He never held any office
until he was elected to the fiftieth con
gress; and was elected to 'the fifty-first,
fifty-second, fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican.
DALZELL, ROBERT M., inventor, was
born in 1793, near Belfast, Ireland. He
was a millwright, unusually skilful and
ingenious, and many of the flour mills
in the city of Rochester were built under
his supervision. He invented and intro
duced the elevator system in handling and
stowing grain, which is now in general
use. He died Jan. 22, 1873, in Rochester,
N. Y.
DAME, MRS. ABBIE H.. poet, was born
July 10, 1847, in Lowell, Mass. She is the
author of many poems, one of the pub
lic exercises of New Hampshire day at the
New Orleans exposition, and many others
for reunions.
DAME, HARRIET PATIENCE, nurse,
was born Jan. 5, 1815, in Barnstead, N. H.
She joined the second New Hampshire
regiment as hospital matron in June, 1861,
and remained with it until it was mus
tered out in December. 1865. In August,
1867, she was appointed to a clerkship in
the treasury department, where she still
remains.
DAMEN, ARNOLD, clergyman, was born
about 1800 in Holland. In 1857 he erect
ed a Jesuit establishment in Chicago; he
also built the great church of the Holy
Trinity, and founded the college of St.
Ignatius in the same city.
DAMON, HOWARD FRANKLIN, phy
sician, author, was born in 1833 in Scit-
uate. Mass. He was a hospital physician
of Boston; and the author of Leucocy-
thasmia; Neurosis of the Skin; and Gen
eral Remarks on the Frequency of Skin
Diseases. He died Sept. 17, 1884, in Bos
ton, Mass.
DAMON, JOHN ADAMS, merchant,
state legislator, was born June 4, 1850,
in Madison, Ohio. He is a successful
merchant of Weidman, Mich.; and during
1887-89 served with distinction as a mem
ber of the Michigan state legislature.
DAMRELL, WILLIAM S., congress
man, was born Nov. 20, 1809, in Ports
mouth, N. H. He was elected a repre
sentative from Massachusetts to the
thirty-fourth and to the thirty-fifth con
gresses. He died May 17, 1860, in Bos
ton, Mass.
DAMROSCH, LEOPOLD, musician, was
born Oct. 22, 1832, in Prussia. In 1871
he came to New York city, where he was
director of a successful orchestra. He
was prominent in the musical affairs of
America. He died Feb. 15, 1885, in New
York city.
DAMROSCH, WALTER J., musician,
was born Jan. 30, 1862, in Prussia. He
has attained a national reputation as a
musician; has devoted himself success
fully to the production of the works of
Wagner; and is in much demand as a
lecturer on musical themes.
DANA, ALEXANDER HAMILTON,
lawyer, author, was born in 1807 in Eng
land. He was a lawyer of New York
state; and the author of Ethical and Phy
siological Inquiries; Inductive Inquiries in
Physiology; Ethics and Ethnology;, and
Enigmas of Life, Death and the Future
State. He died in 1887.
DANA, AMASA, congressman. He
was a member of the New York assem
bly in 1828 and 1829; and a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1839 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1845.
DANA, CHARLES ANDERSON, jour
nalist, author, was born Aug. 8, 1819, in
Hinsdale, N. H. He was a distinguished
journalist of New York city. He was as
sistant secretary of war in 1863-65, and
from 1868 until his death was editor of the
New York Sun. With J. G. Wilson he pre
pared a Life of Gen. Grant, and was co-
editor with George Ripley of the Ameri
can Cyclopaedia. The Household Book of
Poetry was edited by him. He died in
1897.
DANA, CHARLES LOUIS, neurologist,
author, was born in 1852 in Vermont. He
is a physician of note as a neurologist,
who has published a Text-Book on Ner
vous Diseases.
DANA, DANIEL, fourth president of
Dartmouth college. He was inaugurated
president in 1820, and died Aug. 26, 1859.
He was an eminent clergyman, and an ex
cellent theologian and scholar.
DANA, EDMUND TROWBRIDGE, law
yer, author, was born Aug. 29, 1818, in
Cambridge, Mass. He devoted special at
tention to Roman civil law, and to history
and philosophy in their bearings upon
law. He died May 18, 1869, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
DANA, EDWARD SALISBURY, edu
cator, journalist, author, was born Nov.
16, 1849, in New Haven, Conn. He has
been assistant professor of natural phi
losophy at Yale university since 1879, and
curator of the mineral cabinet in the
Peabody museum there. Since 1875 he has
been one of the editors of Silliman's
Journal. He is the author of Text-Book
of Mineralogy; Text-Book of Elementary
Mechanics; and Appendix II. and Appen
dix III. of Dana's System of Mineralogy.
DANA, FRANCIS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born June 13, 1743, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a delegate
from Massachusetts to the continental
congress from 1776 to 1779 and in 1784;
signed the articles of confederation; was
secretary of legation at Paris under John
Adams; and was appointed minister to
Russia, but not officially received. He
was chief justice of the state from 1792 to
1806, when he resigned. In 1797 he was
appointed minister to France. His father
was Richard A. Dana, the poet. He died
April 25, 1811, in Cambridge, Mass.
DANA, ISRAEL THORNDIKE, physi
cian, author, was born June 6, 1827, in
Marblehead, Mass. He was one of the
founders of the Portland School of Medi
cal Instruction. He became one of the
foremost physicians of New England; and
was the author of a number of medical
works.
DANA, JAMES, clergyman, author, was
born May 11, 1735, in Cambridge, Mass.
He was a famous congregational clergy
man of New Haven; who wrote An Ex
amination of Edwards on the Will. He
died Aug. 18, 1812, in New Haven, Conn.
278
HKRRINQ8HAW8 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DANA, JAMES DWIGHT, mineralogist,
author, was born Feb. 12, 1813, in Utica,
N. Y. He was a celebrated geologist,
_ and professor at
Yale university from
1850. He was the
author of System of
Mineralogy; Manual
of Mineralogy; Text-
Book of Geology,
Corals and Coral Is
lands; and The Geol
ogical Story Briefly
Told. In 1854 he was
president of the
American Associa
tion for the A d -
vancement of Science. He died in 1895.
DANA, JAMES FREEMAN, chemist,
physician, author, was born Sept. 23, 1793,
in Amherst, N. H. He was a chemist
and physician, and the first professor of
chemistry at Dartmouth college. He is
the author of Epitome of Chemical Philo
sophy, and Outlines of the Mineralogy
and Geology of Boston and its Vicinity.
He died April 14, 1827, in New York city.
DANA, JOHN C., librarian, was born
Aug. 19, 1856, in Woodstock, Vt. In 1889
he was appointed librarian of the Denver
public library of Denver, Colo., which po
sition he now fills.
DANA. JOHN WINCHESTER, govern
or, was born Jan. 21, 1808, in Fryebtirg,
Maine. He was governor of Maine from
1847 to 1850; and went to South Ameri
ca to reside in 1861. He died Dec. 22, 1867,
in New Granada, South America.
DANA, JUDAH, lawyer, jurist. United
States senator, governor, was born April
25, 1772, In Pomfret, Conn. He was judge
of probate for twenty years; judge of the
common pleas for nine years; one of the
committee which drafted the constitution
of Maine; and a member of the executive
council of the state in 1834. By appoint
ment of the governor he was a senator in
congress from Maine during the years
1836 and 1837. He died Dec. 27. 1845,
in Fryeburg, Maine.
DANA, MRS. KATHARINE, author,
was born in 1835 in Long Island, N. Y.
She was a writer of New York city; and
the author of Our Phil and Other Stories.
She died in 1886.
DANA, NAPOLEON JACKSON TE-
CUMSEH, soldier, was born April 15, 1822,
in Eastport, Maine. Here is a man who
was discovered after the battle of Cerro
Gordo lying on the field, and men were
digging his grave, when a fellow-officer
examined him and discovered he was
breathing. He was also carried off the
field of Antietam for dead, but recovered
and fought again. He is a resident of
Washington, D. C., still hale and hearty.
DANA, RICHARD, jurist, was born
July 7, 1699, in Cambridge, Mass. He was
prominent in the anti-revolutionary
movement; and was one of the associ
ated Sons of Liberty. He died May 17,
1772.
DANA, RICHARD HENRY, critic, poet,
was born Nov. 15, 1787, in Cambridge.
Mass. He was a poet and critic who was
one of the founders of the North Ameri
can Re\iew in 1815. As a critic his Lec
tures on Shakespeare represent him fair
ly, and it must not be forgotten that he
is one of the earliest in America to ap
preciate the genius of Wordsworth. The
Idle Man, a publication begun in 1821.
and extending to six numbers, includes
his two novels, Tom Thornton; Paul Fel-
ton. His later publications include The
Buccaneer, and Other Poems; Poem.s
and Prose Writings. He died Feb. 2, 1879.
DANA, RICHARD HENRY, lawyer, au
thor, was born Aug. 1, 1815, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He was a noted lawyer of
Boston, best known in literature by the
famous Two Years before the Mast, a nar
rative of personal adventure, which first
appeared in 1840, and was re-issued, en
larged, in 1869. His other works include
The Seaman's Friend, known in England
as The Seaman's Manual; Letters on Ital
ian Unity; To Cuba and Back; Letters on
the Somers Mutiny; Life of Major Vin-
ton; and Ene.my Property and Enemy
Territory. He died Jan. 7, 1882, in Rome,
Italy.
DANA, RICHARD HENRY, lawyer, au
thor, was born Jan. 3, 1851, in Cambridge.
Mass. While continuing the practice of
law, he has been a regular contributor to
the Civil Service Record, besides writing
occasionally for the press on questions of
political reform.
DANA, SAMUEL, clergyman, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born Jan. 14,
1739, in Cambridge, Mass. In 1787 he was
made judge of probate for Hillsborough
county; and in 1793 was elected a mem
ber of the New Hampshire state senate.
He died April 1, 1798, in Amherst, N. H.
DANA, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, congressman, was born June 26,
1767, in Groton, Mass. He was a member
of the Massachusetts senate, and its pres
ident for eight years, and served in con
gress in 1814-15. Subsequently he received
the appointment of chief justice of the cir
cuit court of common pleas. He died Nov.
20, 1825. in Charlestown. Mass.
DANA, SAMUEL LUTHER, chemist,
author, was born July 11, 1795, in Am
herst, N. H. He was a noted chemist of
Lowell, who made many improvements in
cotton printing, and was one of the fore
most agricultural writers of his time. He
was the author of Chemical Changes in
the Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid;
Muck Mineral for Manures; and Essay on
Manures. He died March 11, 1868, in
Lowell, Mass.
DANA, SAMUEL WHITTLESEY, Unit
ed States senator, was born Feb. 13, 1760,
in Wallingford, Conn. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1797 to 1810;
and a senator in congress from Connecti
cut from 1810 to 1821. For many years
he was mayor of Middletown. Conn. He
died July 21. 1830, in Middletown, Conn.
DANA, WILLIAM COOMBS, clergyman,
author, was born in 1810 in Massachu
setts. He was a presbyterian clergyman
of Charlestown; and the author of Hymns
for Public Worship; A Transatlantic
Tour; and Life of Samuel Dana. He died
in 1873.
DANBR1DGE, MRS. DANSKE, author,
poet, was born in 1858. She is the au
thor of several \olumes of poems, the
most notable of which is entitled Joy and
Other Poems.
DANDY, GEORGE B., soldier, was born
Feb. 11, 1830, in Georgia. He served in
the civil war, and attained the rank of
brigadier-general in the United States
army. In 1892 he took charge of the gen
eral depot of the quartermaster's depart
ment at Washington, D. C.
DANE, JOHN, lawyer, was born Sept.
22, 1835, in Westford, Mass. He is coun
sel for a large number of extensive cor
porations, some of which he has served
continuously and successfully for a quar
ter of a century. He is a director in sev
en corporations and president of three.
DANE, JOSEPH, state senator, con
gressman, was born Oct. 25, 1778, in Bev
erly. Mass. He was a member of the state
constitutional convention of 1816 and
1819; and in 1820 was elected to con
gress to fill a vacancy. From 1821 to 1823
he represented the York district of Maine
in congress. He was subsequently in the
legislature as a member of the house for
six years; and was a member of the sen
ate in 1829. He died May 1. 1858, in Ken
tucky.
DANE, NATHAN, lawyer, congressman,
author, was born Dec. 27, 1752, in Ipswi< h,
Mass. He was a delegate from Massachu
setts to the continental congress from 1785
to 1788; was the framer of the celebrated
ordinance passed by congress in 1787;
and though devoted to the practice of
law, found time to prepare a Digest of
American Law in nine volumes. He died
Feb. 15, 1834, in Beverly, Mass.
DANEHY, MRS. MAGGIE MAY, poet,
was born July 5, 1862, in Fairfield, Ohio.
Her poems have appeared in the Cincin
nati and Lancaster papers.
DANENHOWER. JOHN WILSON, ex
plorer, author, was born Sept. 30, 1849, In
Chicago, 111. He was an Arctic explorer
who was second in command of the De
Long expedition in 1879, and published
The Narrative of the Jeannette, 1882. He
died in 1887.
DANES, RUFUS R., soldier, legislator,
author, was born July 4, 1838, in Malta,
Ohio. He served in the civil war and
was brevetted brigadier-general for meri
torious service. He was elected a mem
ber of the forty-seventh congress, and in
troduced and secured the passage of the
law establishing diplomatic relations with
Persia. He is the author of a work en
titled Service with the Sixth Wisconsin
Volunteers.
DANFORD, LORENZO, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 18, 1829, in
Belmont county, Ohio. He was elected
prosecuting attorney of Belmont county
in 1857 and 1859. He entered the army;
served as private, lieutenant, and captain
until 1864, when he resigned on account
of sickness. He was a presidential elec
tor in 1864; and was elected to the forty-
third and forty-fourth congresses. He
was re-elected to the forty-fifth, fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a re
publican.
DANFORTH, CHARLES, inventor, was
born about 1797 in Massachusetts. He in
vented in 1824 a counter-twister, spinning-
speeder, and a throstle-frame. He died
March 22, 1876, in Paterson, N. J.
DANFORTH, ELLIOT, financier, bank
president, was born March 6, 1850, in
Middleburgh, N. Y. He was appointed
deputy state treasurer, a position which
he occupied for four years; and in 1889
was elected state treasurer. He is presi
dent of the First National bank of Bain-
bridge, N. Y.
DANFORTH, FREDERICK LYMAN.
railroad president, was born June 17, 1833,
in Middletown, Conn. In 1883 he became
president of the Buffalo Creek railroad.
DANFORTH, GEORGE FRANKLIN,
lawyer, Jurist, was born July 5, 1819, in
Boston, Mass. In 1876 he was the repub
lican candidate for judge of the court of
appeals of the state of New York, but
was defeated by Robert Earl. Two years
later he was elected, and took his seat
on the bench Jan. 1, 1879.
DANFORTH, JOHN, clergyman, author,
poet, was born Nov. 8, 1660, in Roxbury.
Mass. He was a noted congregational
clergyman of Dorchester, Mass., who pub
lished many single sermons and occasion
al poems. He died May 26, 1730, in Dor
Chester, Mass.
DANFORTH, JOSHUA NOBLE cleritv
DANPORTH. MOSELEY ISAAC
»«H».NOBHAWB KNCVCLOPEDIA OT AMKHICAN BIOGRAPHY
k JOSEPH A., physician, spe-
is born Dec. 27, 1866, in Fill-
more, ind. He attended the De Pauw
university. Central Normal
Ne*
an7 In iR?p
and 6
' '
°f the Bunders of the
associf»tion in 1825:
the National Academy of
, »ran
of Roxbury, Mass, in 1650-74-
and was the author of An Astronomical
Description of the Comet of 1664 An
Election Sermon; and The Cry of Sodom
™
Surgeons H „ f6 °f Physicians an-l
Slto ,3S attained Prominence as a
specialist in diseases of the eve
nose throat and lungs; and fs amember
of the Academy of Science He has filled
many positions of honor in Davenport
raTiife"-' iS mediCal examiner fo" *°v:
life insurance companies
offlDctVIEL' ™SEPHUS. Journalist, public
>fficial, was born May 18, 1862, in Wash
ington, N. C. He has been public pHnter
of the state of North Carolina; and is a
Present a member of the national demo-
Carn I nn iJ co™«'ttee from North
rlPrk f "it, ' S6Vei'aI years he was chief
Son"' ^he 'nteri0/ Apartment at Wash
er ' C'; and 1S now the editor of
the News and Observer of Raleigh, N C
DANIEL, JUNIUS, soldier was born
June 27, 1828, in Halifax county N C He
served through the civil war and re-
12elT864 6 TV C0l0ne1' He flle" Mav
'864, in Spottsylvania Pa
DANIEL, PETER VYVIAN lawyer
St '™
DANIELS, CHARLES, lawyer jurist
congressman, was born in 1826 in New
>, i'*R?e WaS elected to the' supreme
t in 1863; was appointed by Governor
Seymour to hold the office of justice o
hat court till January 1, 1864, when the
rm to which he had been elected com-
and was twice re-elected and
held the office till the last of Decembe"
91, a period of upward of twenty-eight
years He was elected to the fifty-third
and fkty-fourth congresses as a renuhli
lC8a96. an<1 deC'inetl l° he a ^ndidate in
DANIELS, MRS. CORA LINN, author
was born in 1852, in Massachusetts She
aSuthor°of °f Franklin' Mass-: and the
DANIELS, PRANCES B., poet was
born in Maine. She is a poet of note in
ornia. Her poems have received ex-
r1:!^"^0" in ^e .eading
great learning and wide influence. He i«
the author of Eulogy on Thomas Leon!
Psalms ™ay Concernins the Singing of
The manuscript of his Indian
Dictionary is now the property of the
Massachusetts Historical society He died
DANIEL. HENRY, soldier, lawyer con
gressman, was born in 1793 in Virginia
He was a volunteer in the war of 181 •>
ith rank of captain; was a state repre-
fS?oVU! fl°m M°ntgomery county in
12, 1819 and 1826; and was a represen
tative in congress from Kentucky from
1827 to 1833. He died Oct. 5, 1873 In Mt
Sterling, Ky.
DANIEL, JOHN MONCURE, journalist
author, was born Oct. 24. 1825 in Staf
ford county, Va. He was a noted Vir
ginia journalist who edited The Richmond
Examiner, and was minister to Italy in
1853-60. He died March 30, 1865.
DANIEL, JOHN REEVES JONES, law
yer, congressman, was born about 1802
m Halifax county. N. C. He served for
several years in the general assembly;
was elected attorney-general of the state-
and was a representative in congress
from North Carolina from 1841 to 1853.
He removed to Louisiana, where he died.
DANIEL, JOHN WARWICK, soldier
lawyer. United States senator, congress
man, was born Sept. 5, 1842, in Lynch-
burg, Va. He entered
the confederate army
in 1861. and served
throughout the civil
war, rising to the
rank of major and
adjutant-general. In
1875 he was elected
a state senator, and
was re-elected in
1879. In 1881 he re
signed the office of
state senator to ac
cept the nomination
01 the democratic party for governor of
Virginia; but was defeated at the elec
tion. In 1884 he was elected a repre
sentative from Virginia to the forty-ninth
congress. In 1887 he took his seat as a
member of the United States senate, and
•e-elected for term ending in 1899. He is
the author of Attachments Under the
Code of Virginia; and Negotiable Instni-
ments.
at a.- j u •«!"'! ^*.
Stafford county, Va. He was a
of the state legislature in 1809
in 1812 was a member of the
'oil, and served as such until
frequently served as lieutenant-
the United Stetw district court'fcff
Virginia; and in 1840 was appointed a jus-
f the supreme court of the United
States. He died June 30 1860 in Rich
mond, Va.
i. RA LE'GH TRAVERS, lawyer
legislator, jurist, was born Oct 15 1805
in Stafford county, Va. For several' years'
he was commonwealth attorney for Hen-
• nco county in which Richmond is situat
ed; and was repeatedly elected to repre
sent that city in the state legislature. In
Virinia ^'^ el-ected attorney-general of
mond, Va.
. D1^™IEL' WILLIAM, jurist, was born
m 1770, m Cumberland county Va He
was a member of the Virginia house of
delegates, and gained reputation as an
•QUat0ruby his defence of the resolutions of
98. He became circuit judge and ex-
officio member of the old general court
of Virginia. He died Nov. 20 1839 in
Lynchburg, Va.
DANIEL, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist
legislator, was born Nov. 26, 1806 in Win'
Chester, Va. He was elected to 'the Vir
ginia house of delegates before he was
of age. He was a judge of the supreme
court of appeals of Virginia from 1847 to
burg.VHaed ' March 28, 1873, in Lynch-
_ DANIEL, WILLIAM, candidate for the
vice-presidency of the United States was
born Jan. 24, 1826, in Somerset county
Md. He attained prominence as a states
man of Maryland.
DANIEL, WILLIAM T.. educator law
yer, was born Aug. 17. 1859, in Butler
county, Ala. Ten years of his youth were
spent in Florida; and in 1875 he moved
to Texas. After receiving his education
he spent several years in educational
work; and since 1887 has been engaged in
the practice of law at -Dublin, Texas.
DAN1ELL. WARREN FISHER, state
senator, congressman, was born June 26
1826, in Newton Lower Falls, Mass He
was a member of the state house of rep
resentatives and of the state senate- and
was elected to the fifty-second congress as
a democrat.
hon,)' " author- P°et. was
bom ,n Wisconsin. She is the author of
a novel entitled Under the Ban and i
volume of Temperance Songs.
DANIELS, THURSTON, journalist, lieu-
*£S governor, was born June 10,
1858, in Yamhill county, Ore. In 1874 he
moved to Vancouver, Wash He there
Jearned the printing trade, and is now
proprietor of the Vancouver Regist^
which he established in 1881 He has
served with distinction as lieutenant gov
ernor of the state of Washington and is
a prominent leader in the people's party
DANIELS, WILLIAM HAVEN clergy
man author, was born May 18, 'l836, in
Franklin, Mass. He is a methodist clergy
man, prominent as an evangelist; and
the author of D. L. Moody and his Work-
That Boy, who Shall Have Him?- The
Temperance Reform and its Great Re
formers; Moody, his Words, Work, and
Workers; Illustrated History of Metho-
lism ,n the United States; Graduated
with Honor; Memorials of Gilbert Ha-
™n:i a*nfLSh°rt History of ^e People
called Methodists.
DANIELSON, TIMOTHY, patriot was
born in 1733, in Brimfield, Mass His
chief service was in the legislature of
which he continued a member several
ears. He was a member of the state
constitutional convention in 1779 and
afterward of the state senate and execu
tive council; and chief justice of Hamp
shire county. He died Sept. 19 1791 jn
Brimfield, Mass.
DANKS, HART PEASE, musician, au
thor, was born in 1834, in New Haven
Conn. His first musical composition was
inserted in Bradbury's Jubilee, under the
name of Lake Street, and is well known.
In 1866 his first song, The Old Lane, was
published in Chicago, since which time
he has issued several hundred Two of
them, Silver Threads among the Gold
and Don't be Angry with Me, Darling He
resides in New York city.
DANNELLY, MRS. ELIZABETH OTIS
artist, poet, was born June 13 1838 in
Monticello, Ga. In 1855 she graduated
from the Madison Female college and
iubsequently spent a year in New York
Mty receiving instruction in oil painting
bhe was the widow of P. O. Dannelly at
one time a surgeon in the United States
army. She was the author of Cactus or
Thorns and Blossom; and Wayside Flow
ers. She died in 1896.
DANNER, JOEL B., congressman He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1850 to' 1851.
280
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DA PONTE, LORENZO, dramatist, au
thor, was born March 10, 1749, in Venice,
Italy. He was an Italian dramatist who
furnished libretti for Mozart's operas, Don
Giovanni and Nozze di Figaro. He came
to America in 1805, and after 1828 was
professor of Italian in Columbia college.
He published his own Life; and History
of the Florentine Republic and the Medi
ci. He died Aug. 17. 1838, in New York
city.
DAPPER, EMIL A., soldier, lawyer,
was born Feb. 21, 1844, in New York city.
He received his education in the public
( schools of New York
• city. In- 1861 he en-
B listed in company B,
f fifty-ninth regiment
i New York volunteer
i infantry as a pri-
E vate; and was hon-
E orably discharged in
I 1865 as captain of
company B of the
same regiment. As
the senior officer in
his regiment present
for duty, he com
manded the regiment at the time of Lee's
surrender. In 1871 he was admitted to
the bar at Grand Rapids, Mich., where he
has ever since practiced his profession
with success. He is a prominent member
of the G. A. R.; and takes an active part
in the public affairs of his county and
state.
DARBY, EZRA, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1804 to 1808. He died Jan
28, 1808.
DARBY, JOHN, educator, author was
born Sept. 3, 1804, in North Adams, Mass.
He was an educator who was connected
with various colleges north and south.
Manual of Botany; The Botany of the
Southern States; and Chemistry, are some
of his publications. He died Sept 18 1877
in New York city.
DARBY, JOHN FLETCHER, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Dec
10, 1803, in Person county, N. 0. He was
four times chosen mayor of the city of
St. Louis, and once a member of the state
senate. He was a representative in con
gress from 1851 to 1853 from Missouri.
DARBY, WILLIAM, geographer, lec
turer, author, was born in 1775, in Penn
sylvania. He was a geographer who pub
lished Geographical Dictionary of Louis
iana; Plan of Pittsburg and Adjacent
Country; Emigrant's Guide to the West
ern Country; Tour from New York to
Detroit; Geography and History of Flori
da; View of the United States; Lectures
on the Discovery of America; Mnemoni-
ca, a Register of Events from the Earliest
Period; and Geographical Dictionary. He
died Oct. 9, 1864, in Washington, D. C.
DARCEY, JOHN S., physician, state
legislator, was born Feb. 24, 1788, in
Hanover, N. Y. He was a member of the
state legislature in 1819. In 1835-41 he
was United States marshal for New Jer
sey. On the incorporation of the New
Jersey Railroad company he was elected
its president, and held the office till his
death, a period of over thirty years. He
died Oct. 22, 1863, in Newark, N. J.
DARDEN, MRS. FANNIE BAKER, au
thor, poet, was born in 1829, in Alabama.
She is the author of Romances of the
Texas Revolution; and Poems.
DARDEN, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
educator, lawyer, was born Nov. 17, 1865,
near Lafayette, Ala. He taught school
for several years; and is now a promi
nent lawyer of Oneonta, Ala., of which
city he was mayor in 1892.
DARE, VIRGINIA, was born in August,
1587, in Roanoke, Va. She was the first
child of English parents born in the new
world.
DARGAN, CLARA VICTORIA, author,
poet, was born about 1840, in Winnsboro,
S. C. After the close of the civil war
she became a teacher in Yorkville, S. C.
She is the author of Riverlands, a story
of life on the River Ashley, which origi
nally appeared as a prize story in the
Southern Field and Fireside; and of
another novel that obtained a prize and
was published as a serial.
DARGAN, EDMUND SPAWN, jurist,
statesman, was born April 15, 1805, in
Montgomery county, N. C. In 1847 he
was elected to fill a vacancy on the bench
of the supreme court of Alabama; and in
1849 he became chief justice, which office
he resigned in 1852, and resumed the
practice of law in Mobile. He died in
November, 1879, in Mobile, Ala.
DARGAN, GEORGE W., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1841, in Dar
lington county, S. C. He was a represen
tative in the state legislature in 1877; and
was elected solicitor of the fourth judicial
circuit in 1880. He was elected a repre
sentative from South Carolina to the
forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, and fif
ty-first congresses as a democrat.
DARGAN, THEODORE A., physician,
surgeon, author, was born in 1823, in
Sleepy Hollow, S. C. At the beginning of
the civil war he entered the confederate
service as surgeon, and served until the
end. In 1859 he published a paper on the
subject of Typhoid Fever, which was ex
tensively noticed.
DARGON, GEORGE W., lawyer, state ,
senator, was born in 1801, in South Caro
lina. He was a member of the state sen
ate for several years; commissioner in
equity for Charleston; and from 1847 to
the time of his death, the chancellor of
South Carolina. He died June 12, 1859,
in Columbia, S. C.
DARLEY, FELIX OCTAVIUS CARR.
artist, author, was born June 23, 1822, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a well-known
artist and illustrator whose home was at
Claymont, Del. His only writing is in
cluded in Sketches Abroad with Pen and
Pencil. He died in 1888.
DARLING, ALFRED B., was born
March 23, 1821, in Burke, Vt. He is the
senior proprietor of the Fifth Avenue
hotel of New York
city, for many years
the most famous and
successful of Ameri
can houses. In 1852
he became associated
with Mr. Stevens, as
partner, in the man
agement of the Bat
tle house in Mobile,
Ala., then one of the
finest and most cost
ly hotels in the
south. He has
served from time to time as director in
important institutions, among them being
the Second National bank, the Fifth
Avenue Safe Deposit Co., and The Union
Dime Savings bank, all of New York city.
DARLING, CHARLES W., soldier, was
born Oct. 11, 1830, in New Haven, Conn.
He served through the civil war and re
ceived the rank of colonel. In 1867 he
was elected military engineer-in-chief of
the state of New York.
DARLING, EDWARD IRVING, com
poser, author, the only child of the
late General Edward I. Darling of Louis
iana, who was killed
in the confederate
service of 1864, and
of Mrs. Flora Adams
Darling, was born
Oct. 9, 1862, in Lan
caster, N. H. He re
ceived his education
in the Kentucky
Military institute,
and later at Mount
Pleasant Military
academy. At the age
of nineteen his first
opera was produced, which won for him
a prominent pla.ce in musical circles. He
died in New York.
DARLING, FLORA ADAMS, founder
general of the Daughters of the Revolu
tion, was born July 25, 1840, in Lancaster.
N. H. She received.
her education at the
Lancaster academy
and from private in
structors. She is a
member of the well-
known Adams fami
ly, and inherits many
traits of her ances
tors. Her husband
was killed while
serving in the con
federate army. She
is the author of a
number of books, the chief of which is
Mrs. Darling's Letters, or Memories of the
Civil War. She is also the author of A
Wayward Winning Woman; The Bourbon
Lily; Was it a Just Verdict; A Social
Diplomat; From Two Points of View;
The Senator's Daughter; Letters or Me
moirs of the Civil War; and other nov
els. She has received the college degrees
of A. M. and A. B. in recognition of her
literary work.
DARLING, HENRY, clergyman, college
president, author, was born Dec. 27, 1823.
in Reading, Pa. He was a presbyterian
clergyman who was president of Hamil
ton college in 1881-91. He was the au
thor of The Close Walk; Slavery and the
War; Conformity to the World; and Not
Doing but Receiving. He died in 1891.
DARLING, LUPI I., poet, was born in
Westminster, Mass. She is the author of
a volume of poems entitled Messages
From the Watch Tower.
DARLING, MARY GREENLEAF, au
thor. She is the author of Battles at
Home; In the World; and Gladys, a Ro
mance.
DARLING, MASON C., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born May 18, 1801, in
Bellingham, Mass. He aided in establish
ing the towns of Sheboygan and Fond du
Lac, Wis. He has been judge of probate,
mayor of Fond du Lac, and a member for
several years of the territorial legislature.
He was a representative in congress from
the state of Wisconsin from 1847 to 1849.
DARLING, NOYES, merchant, agricul
turist, jurist, was born in 1782, in 'Wood-
bridge, Conn. He was a distinguished ag
riculturist who passed the latter portion
of his life in New Haven, of which city he
was mayor, having served long as county
surveyor, and was at the time of his
death judge of the county court. He died
Sept. 17, 1846, in New Haven, Conn.
DARLING, WILLIAM, physician, au
thor, was born in 1815, in Scotland. He-
was a distinguished New York physician
who published Anatmography, or Graphic
Anatomy; and Essentials of Anatomy.
He died in 1884.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
281
DARLING, WILLIAM A., merchant,
soldier, congressman, was born Dec. 17,
1817, in Newark, N. J. From 1847 to 1854
he was deputy receiver of Texas for New
York; and from 1854 to 1865 was president
of a railroad company in New York. He
was a presidential elector in 1860; and in
1863 and 1864 was president of the Union
and Republican organization of New York
city. In 1864 he was elected a represen
tative from New York to the thirty-ninth
congress.
DARLINGTON, EDWARD, congress
man, was born in Pennsylvania. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1833 to 1839.
DARLINGTON, ISAAC, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Dec. 13,
1781, in Westtown, Pa. In 1807 he was
elected to the state legislature; served
as a volunteer lieutenant in the last war
with England; and was a member of
congress from Pennsylvania from 1817 to
1819. In 1820 he was appointed deputy
attorney-general for Chester county; and
in 1821 was appointed president judge of
the county court, which office he held un
til his death. He died April 27, 1839
DARLINGTON, JAMES HENRY,
clergyman, was born June 9, 1856, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. He became pastor of
Christ church of Brooklyn in 1883; is a
trustee of Rutgers College for Women of
New York city; and is an officer in many
working associations.
"DARLINGTON, SMEDLEY, educator,
congressman, was born Jan. 24, 1827, in
Pocopson, Pa. He has resided in West
Chester since 1864, during which time he
has conducted an extensive business as
broker; and was elected to the fiftieth
and fifty-first congresses as a republican.
DARLINGTON, THOMAS, physician,
journalist, was born Sept. 24, 1857, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1888 he was appointed
surgeon to the Copper Queen Consoli
dated Mining company of Bisbee, Ariz.;
and also of the Southeastern Railroad
company. He is the editor of The Mail
and Express of New York city; and the
author of various articles which have ap
peared in current literature.
DARLINGTON, WILLIAM, botanist,
author, was born April 28, 1782, in Bir
mingham, Pa. He was a famous botanist
of West Chester, Pa., in whose honor
Darlingtonia, a genus of pitcher-plants,
was named. He was the author of Mutual
Influence of Habits and Disease; Agri
cultural Botany; Flora Cestrica; and Me
morials of John Bartram and Humphrey
Marshall. He died in 1863.
DARNALL, G. D., physician, surgeon,
legislator, was born May 28, 1843, in Paris,
111. He is a successful physician and sur
geon of West Union, Iowa; was elected
a member of the twenty-second general
assembly of Iowa; and has filled many
important offices in his city, county and
state.
DARNELL. ELI LAWSON, educator,
lawyer, was born March 17, 1856, in Pick-
ins county, Ga. For many years he was
engaged in educational work; studied
law, and is now a prominent lawyer of
Jasper, Ga.
DARNELL, HENRY FAULKNER,
clergyman, author, was born June 24,
1831, in London, England. He is the au
thor of Philip Hazelbrook; Flossie; The
Craze of Christian Angelhart; A Na
tion's Thanksgiving; Songs of the Sea
sons; Kindesliebe; besides numerous
short stories, sermons and poems.
DARRAGH, CORNELIUS, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1847. He died in January,
1855.
DARRAGH, EDWARD J., lawyer,
statesman, was born June 20, 1869, in
Painesville, Ohio. He graduated from the
university of Notre Dame of South Bend,
Ind., graduating therefrom in 1886. In
1890 he was admitted to the bar at St.
Paul, Minn., of which city he is corpora
tion attorney. In 1894' he was honored by
the unanimous nomination for congress
from his district.
DARRALL, CHESTER B., physician,
surgeon, state senator, congressman, was
born June 24, 1842, in Somerset county,
Pa. He entered the army as assistant sur
geon of volunteers, promoted to be sur
geon, and served throughout the war. He
was elected to the state senate of Louis
iana in 1860; and was elected to the
forty-first, forty-second, forty-third, forty-
fourth, forty-fifth and fifty-seventh con
gresses as a republican.
DARROW, ALLEN R., author, poet,
was born April 20, 1826, in New London,
Conn. He has contributed both prose and
verse to various journals and magazines;
and is the author of Iphigenia and Other
Poems. He is engaged in business in Buf
falo, N. Y.
D'ARUSMONT, MADAME FRANCES,
reformer, author, was born in 1795, in
Scotland. She was a very energetic and
versatile Scottish reformer who came sev
eral times to America, and finally settled
in Cincinnati. She was the author of
Popular Lectures on Free Inquiry; Bio
graphical Notes and Political Letters of
Fanny Wright D'Arusmont (1844); Al-
torf: a tragedy; Views of Society and
Manners in America; and A Few Days in
Athens include her principal works. She
died in 1852.
DARVIN, THEOPHILUS, physician,
surgeon, was born Jan. 9, 1829, in South
America. He was professor in the Medi
cal college of Ohio from 1864 to 1869, and
filled a similar position in the medical
department of the university of Louis
ville from 1869 to 1872. He is now pro
fessor of obstetrics and diseases of women
and children in the college of Physicians
and Surgeons of Indiana.
DARWIN, C. B., jurist. He was a resi
dent of Iowa, from which state he was
appointed an associate justice of the
United States court for the territory of
Washington.
DASSLER, CHARLES F. W., lawyer,
author, was born April 3, 1852, in St.
Louis, Mo. Since 1873 he has practiced
law in Leavenworth, Kan.; has been city
attorney for two terms; served in the city
council for two terms, and was president
one year. He is the author of Dassler's
Kansas Digest; Dassler's Kansas Stat
utes; Kansas Addendum; and Leaven-
worth City Ordinances; and also editor
and compiler of a number of other legal
works.
DAUGHERTY, JAMES A., farmer,
jurist, state legislator, was born Aug. 30,
1847, in "McMinn county, Tenn. He re
ceived his education
in the public schools
of East Tennessee;
and in 1867 moved to
I Missouri. During
I 1891-95 he served
I two terms as judge
I of the county court
of Jasper county;
and in 1896 was
elected a member of
the Missouri state
legislature. He has
taken an active part
in public affairs; and is also a successful
farmer and stock raiser of Webb City, Mo.
DAUVRAY, HELEN, actress, was born
Feb. 14, 1859, in San Francisco, Cal. She
made her first appearance on the stage
in San Francisco as Eva in Uncle Tom's
Cabin. She subsequently was announced
as a child star and took part in such plays
as Fidela, No Name, and Katy Did.
DAVEE, THOMAS, merchant, congress
man, was born Dec. 9, 1797, in Plymouth,
Mass. He served six years in the Maine
legislature; and during his second term
in the assembly was chosen speaker. He
was a representative in congress from
1837 to 1841; was also for many years
a postmaster in Maine and at the time of
his death was a senator elect of the state
legislature. He died Dec. 9, 1841.
DAVEIS, CHARLES STEWART, sol
dier lawyer, state senator, was born May
10, 1788, in Portland, Maine. In 1839 he
was a candidate for the state senate and
the following year was elected a member
of that body. In 1848 he was a member
of the national convention, which nomi
nated General Taylor for the presidency.
He wrote extensively for current publica
tions, and on genealogical subjects; and
was vice-president general of the Massa
chusetts Society of the Cincinnati. He
died March 29, 1865, in his native town.
DAVEIS, EDWARD HENRY, lawyer,
author, was born in April, 1818, in Port
land Maine. Since 1860 he has been man
ager' of the Portland Gas Light company,
and for a time was financial agent of the
Portland Company of Locomotive and
Marine Engine builders. He published
Daveis' Reports; and an enlarged edition
of Ware's Reports. He has been commis
sioner of the United States courts and of
the court of claims.
DAVEISS, JOSEPH HAMILTON, law
yer was born March 4, 1774, in Bedford
county, Va. In 1795 he was appointed
United States attorney for the state of
Kentucky. In 1811 he joined Gen. Har
rison's army in the campaign against the
Indians and received the command of
major. 'He died Nov. 7, 1811.
DAVEISS, MRS. MARIA THOMPSON,
author, was born Oct. 31, 1814, in Harrods-
burg, Ky. She is a Kentucky author who
has written much for agricultural jour
nals, and has published Roger Sherman,
a Tale of '76; Woman's Love; History of
Mercer and Boyle Counties, Kentucky;
and Cultivation and Uses of the Chinese
Sugar Cane.
DAVENPORT, ADDINGTON, jurist,
was born Aug. 3, 1670, in Boston, Mass.
He was clerk of the house of representa
tives, supreme court, and court of com
mon pleas, was elected a member of the
council, served as a representative in
1711-13, and was judge of the supreme
court trom 1715 till the time of his death.
He died April 2, 1736, in Boston, Mass.
DAVENPORT, ADOLPHUS HOYT, act
or, was born Aug. 4, 1828, in Stamford,
Conn. His first appearance in Philadel
phia was at the old Chestnut street thea
ter, and he was a member of the company
during 1853-54. He was manager of the
Mobile theater during 1872, and was con
nected with Bidwell's academy of music.
He died Oct. 22, 1873, in New Orleans, La.
DAVENPORT, AMZI BENEDICT, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 30, 1817, in
New Canaan, Conn. In 1836 he estab
lished a private academy at Brooklyn, N.
Y., of which he was principal for sixteen
years. In 1851 he prepared a history of
the Davenport family.
282
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP' AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DAVENPORT, BENNETT FRANKLIN,
physician, surgeon, public official, was
born May 28, 1845, in Cambridge, Mass.
During 1879-86 he filled the chair of
chemistry in the Massachusetts College
of Pharmacy; was chemist to the Massa
chusetts state board of health during
1882-92; dairy inspector for the city of
Boston in 1882-85; was appointed a justice
of the peace in 1893; and has filled various
other public positions of honor. He is
a charter member of the Historical so
ciety of Watertown, Mass.; and a mem
ber of various learned societies of Ameri
ca and Europe.
DAVENPORT, EDWARD LOOMIS.
actor, was born Nov. 15, 1814, in Boston.
Mass. In 1859 he became manager of
the Howard athenaeum in Boston, and ten
years later took the management of the
Chestnut street theater in Philadelphia.
He died Sept. 1, 1877, in Canton, Mass.
DAVENPORT, FANNY LILLY GIPSY,
actress, was born April 10, 1850, in Eng
land. She was a noted actress; and dur
ing her professional career was in the '
leading female role in She Stoops to Con
quer; Maids as They Are; The Good
Natured Man; Caste; and various other
plays. She died Sept. 26, 1898, in South
Duxbury, Mass.
DAVENPORT, FRANCIS M., lawyer,
was born May 1, 1840, in Gallia county,
Ohio. He received his education at the
Iowa Wesleyan university, from which he
graduated in 1864; and subsequently
graduated from the law department of
the Michigan university. For twenty
years he practiced law in Oskaloosa, Iowa;
and since 1889 in Carroll, Iowa. He has
been city attorney of Oskaloosa; county
attorney of Carroll county; and has at
tained distinction as an astute lawyer of
national reputation.
DAVENPORT, FRANKLIN, soldier,
jurist, congressman, was born in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a revolutionary soldier;
a judge; and was a senator in congress
from New Jersey from 1798 to 1799. He
was a representative in congress from
1799 to 1801.
DAVENPORT, HENRY GEORGE BRY
ANT, actor, was born Jan. 19, 1866, in
New York city. He has played at the
Walnut street theater, Philadelphia, as
Hendrick, with Joseph Jefferson in the
comedy of Rip Van Winkle, and in 1879
he appeared at Wallack's theater, New
York, as Sir Joseph Porter in the juvenile
Pinafore troupe.
DAVENPORT. IRA, congressman wa*
born June 28, 1841, in Hornellsville, N. Y.
He was a state senator in 1878-81; was
.state comptroller in 1882-83; and in 1884
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-ninth congress. In 1885
he was an unsuccessful candidate for gov
ernor of the state. He received the re
election to the fiftieth congress as a re
publican.
DAVENPORT. JAMES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Oct. 12, 1758, in
Stamford, Conn. He served in the com
missary department in the war of the
revolution. He was a judge of the court
of common pleas, and a representative in
congress during 1796-97. He died Aug
3, 1797, in Stamford, Conn.
DAVENPORT, JAMES J., jurist, was
born in Virginia. He was appointed from
Missouri chief justice of the United States
court for New Mexico.
DAVENPORT, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1827 to 1829.
DAVENPORT. JOHN, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1597. in England. He
was a famous puritan divine who, before
coming to America in 1637, was a cele
brated London preacher. In 1638 he was
one of the founders of New Haven, and in
1660 concealed the noted regicides, Goffe
and Whalley, from their pursuers. In
1666 he became pastor of the First church
in Boston. He was the author of Instruc
tions to Elders of the English Church;
Catechism containing the Chief Heads of
the Christian Religion; and Discourse
about Civil Government in New England.
He died March 15, 1670. in Boston, Mass.
DAVENPORT, JOHN, merchant, jurist,
was born in 1635, in England. In May,
1657, he was admitted a freeman in New
Haven, and later appears to have been
one of the judges in the courts of New
Haven. He removed to Boston in 1668,
and was register of probate in 1675-76,
and also a merchant. He died March 21,
1677, in Boston, Mass.
DAVENPORT, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 16, 1752, in
Stamford, Conn. He was a representa
tive in congress from Connecticut from
1799 to 1817. He served with credit in the
revolutionary war as a major in the com
missary department. He died Nov. 28,
1839, in Stamford, Conn.
DAVENPORT, NICHOLAS T., actor,
was born in 1831. He was a careful and
conscientious actor, and maintained a
good position in society by his talents and
integrity. Mr. Davenport was likewise an
excellent sketch-writer. He died Aug. 26,
1867, in Boston, Mass.
DAVENPORT, S. A., lawyer, jurist, was
born Jan. 15, 1834, in Schuyler county,
N. Y. He was elected district attorney
for the county of
Erie, and is now a
practicing attorney.
In 1888 he was
elected ^district dele
gate to the republi
can national conven
tion at Chicago; and
in 1892 was electe,!
one of the delegates
at large to the na-
t i o n a 1 republican
convention at Min
neapolis. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress from the
state at large by a majority of nearly
three hundred thousand.
DAVENPORT. THOMAS, congressman,
was born in Cumberland county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1825 to 1835. He died in
November, 1838, in Halifax county.
DAVENPORT, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born in North Carolina. He was appointed
captain in thf sixteenth infantry in 1812.
and distinguished himself at Chippewa
and Lundy's Lane in the war with Great
Britain. He died April 12. 1858, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
DAVENPORT, WILLIAM, 'surveyor,
legislator, jurist, philanthropist, was born
Oct. 12, 1769, in Culpeper county, Va. He
held numerous offices of trust; and con
tributed largely to the erection of the Fe
male college of Lenoir, which bears his
name. He died Aug. 19, 1859, in Walnut
Fountain, N. C.
DAVENPORT, WILLIAM, clergyman,
was born in 1797, in Kentucky. In 1848,
with his brother, he established a school
at Walnut grove, which afterward became
Eureka college. He was a union man
during the civil war, and was taken pris
oner by Gen. John Morgan's men. He
died June 24, 1869, in Nebraska City, Neb.
DAVENPORT, WILLIAM BATES, law
yer, was born March 10, 1847, in New-
York city. In 1889 he was appointed pub
lic administrator of Kings county; and
has attained prominence as a successful
lawyer of Brooklyn, N. Y.
DAVEY, ROBERT C., congressman,
was born Oct. 22, 1853, in New Orleans,
La. He was a member of the state sen
ate in 1879, and re-elected in April, 1884,
and again elected in 1892. He was presi
dent pro tempore of the senate during the
sessions of 1884 and 1886. He was elected
judge of the first recorder's court in 1880.
re-elected in 1882, re-elected in April, 1884.
and served until May, 1888. He was de
feated for mayor of the city of New Or
leans in 1888; and was elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat. He also re
ceived the re-election to the fifty-fourth
and fifty-fifth congresses.
DAVID, EDWARD LIVINGSTON, man
ufacturer, was born April 22, 1834, in Wor
cester, Mass. Of the Washburn Iron Co.,
formed in 1857 to carry on the business,
he was treasurer until 1882. He served as
mayor of Worcester in 1874, and state
senator in 1876; he has declined other po
litical honors.
DAVID, JEAN BAPTISTE, bishop, au
thor, was born in 1761, in France. He was
a Roman catholic bishop of Bardstown.
Ky.; and the author of Vindication of
Catholic Doctrine concerning Images; Ad
dress to Brethren of Other Professions;
On the Rule of Faith; and True Piety.
He died in 1841.
DAVIDGE, WILLIAM PLEATER, act
or, was born April 7, 1814, in London,
England. Among his best parts were
Bishopriggs in Man and Wife; Old Hardy
in the Belle's Stratagem; Hardcastle in
She Stoops to Conquer; and Croaker in
The Good-Natured Man. He died Aug. 7,
1888, in Cheyenne, Tenn.
DAVIDSON, ALEXANDER, inventor,
was born Sept. 23, 1826. in Pruntytown,
W. Va. He designed a paddle-wheel for
boat propulsion, which was patented in
1881. To him and his genius are owing
many of the most important improve
ments now embraced in the leading type
writers. In 1887 he sold out his various
patents to the Yost Writing Machine
company.
DAVIDSON, ALEXANDER C.. planter,
state senator, congressman, was born Dec.
26, 1826, in Mecklenburg county, N. C. He
engaged in cotton planting in 1879; and
was elected a representative in the state
legislature, where he served until elected
a state senator. In 1884 he was elected
a representative from Alabama to the
forty-ninth congress, and was re-elected
to the fiftieth congress.
DAVIDSON, ARNOLD, lawyer, expert
accountant, was born Aug. 24, 1840, in
Germany. He served in the civil war as
a private, and was honorably discharged
in 1863. He settled in New York city,
where he is an expert accountant.
DAVIDSON, CHARLES, educator, au
thor, was born in 1852, in Ohio. He is
an instructor of Belmont, Cal.; and the
author of The Phonology of the Stressed
Vowels of Beowulf; and Studies in the
English Mystery Plays.
DAVIDSON, GEORGE, astronomer, au
thor, was born May 9, 1825, in England.
He is an astronomer of distinction, and
founder of the Davidson observatory in
San Francisco. He is the author of The
United States Coast Survey of the Pacific
Coast; Coast Pilot of Alaska; and Voy
ages of Discovery on the Northwest Coast
of America, 1539-1603.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
283
DAVIDSON, JAMES H., educator, was
born June 18, 1858, in Colchester, Del.
He was a teacher in the public schools
of Delaware and Sul-
HP livan counties, N. V..
for several years, and
for one year was en
gaged at the same
_,_ „_ _ occupation at Prince-
v, ton, Wis. He was
elected district at
torney of Green Lake
county in 1888, and
in 1890 was chosen
chairman of the re
publican congres
sional committee for
the sixth district of Wisconsin, and con
tinued in that position until nominated
for the fifty-fifth congress. In 1892 he
removed to Oshkosh, Wis.; and in 1895
was appointed city attorney of that city
for a term of two years. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
DAVIDSON, JAMES WOOD, educator,
author, was born March 9, 1829, in New-
berry, S. C. He is an educator of South
Carolina and elsewhere; and the author
of Living Writers of the South: School
History of South Carolina; The Corres
pondent; The Poetry of the Future; and
Florida of To-day.
DAVIDSON, JOHN S., lawyer, state sen
ator, was born about 1845, in Augusta.
Ga. In 1884 and 1886 he was elected state
senator, and in 1886 president of the sen
ate; and also grand master of Masons of
Georgia. He was subsequently elected
president of the Richmond county board
of education, and city attorney of Augusta.
DAVIDSON, JOHN WYNN, soldier, was
born Aug. 18. 1824, in Fairfax county, Va.
He served in the Mexican war; and in the
war against the Apache and Utah In
dians. He served with distinction through
the civil war; was promoted brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1862; and in 1865
was made major-general for meritorious
services.
DAVIDSON, LUCRETIA MARIA, poet,
was born Sept. 27, 1808, in Plattsburg, N.
Y. She was the author of Amir Khan and
Other Poems, issued in 1829. She died
Aug. 27, 1825.
DAVIDSON, MARGARET MILLER,
poet, was born March 26, 1823, in Platts
burg, N. Y. She was a juvenile prodigy
whose immature verses were lauded by
contemporary writers. She died Nov. 25,
1838, in Saratoga, N. Y.
DAVIDSON, MARION R., lawyer, jurist,
was born April 4. 1847, in Macon county,
111. He received the rudiments of his
education from the common schools, anrl
graduated from the Mount Zion academy.
For several years he was engaged in edu
cational work, and was admitted to the
bar in 1876. Since 1878 he has practiced
his profession with success in Monticello.
111. He has filled the office of county
judge, and has taken an active part in
the public affairs in his county and state.
DAVIDSON, ROBERT, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1750, in Maryland. He
was a presbyterian clergyman who was
president of Dickinson college, Carlisle.
Pa., 1804-09. He was the author of
Epitome of Geography in Verse for
Schools; The Christian's A, B, C, or the
119th Psalm in Meter: and New Metrical
Version of the Psalms, with Notes. He
died Dec. 13, 1812.
DAVIDSON ROBERT, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 23. 1808, in Carlisle,
Pa. He was a presbyterian minister in
Kentucky and other states, among whose
writings are Elijah, a Sacred Drama, and
Other Poems; and The Christ of God, or
the Relation of Christ to Christianity.
He died April 6, 1876, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DAVIDSON, ROBERT C., financier,
public official, was born Dec. 25, 1850, in
Lunenburg county, Va. In 1865 he moved
to Baltimore, received employment in the
wholesale dry goods house of Daniel Mil
ler and Co., and became financial manager
of that concern. In 1889 he was elected
mayor of Baltimore, and served with dis
tinction. He declined a re-election, and
accepted the presidency of the Baltimore
Trust and Guarantee Co., which position
he still fills.
DAVIDSON, ROBERT H. M., soldier,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born Sept. 23, 1832, in Gadsden, Fla. He
served two terms as a representative in
the state legislature; and was elected a
state senator in 1860. He retired from
the senate in 1862 and entered the con
federate army, rising to the rank of lieu
tenant-colonel. He was a member of the
state constitutional convention of 1865;
and was elected a representative from
Florida to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, for
ty-seventh, forty-eighth, forty-ninth,
fiftieth, and fifty-first congresses as a
democrat.
DAVIDSON, ROBERT PARKS, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born Oct. 26, 1826.
in Kentucky. He was district prosecuting
attorney for four years; was common
pleas judge for the district composed of
Clinton and Carroll counties; and repre
sented Tippecanoe county in the lower
house in the session of 1870-72.
DAVIDSON, SAM HOUSTON, lawyer,
college president, legislator, was born Jan.
29, 1848, in Camden, Tenn. He was in
the confederate service during the war.
In 1877-79 he was a representative of the
Arkansas house of representatives; in
1889-91 served as state senator, and in
1889 was a candidate for lieutenant-gov
ernor of his state. He was president of
the Pacific and Great Eastern Railroad
company, and president of the Evening
Shade college.
DAVIDSON, THOMAS, philosopher, au
thor, was born Oct. 25, 1840, in Scotland.
He is a writer on art and philosophy who
came to the United States in 1866 and set
tled at Cambridge, and the author of The
Parthenon Frieze and Other Essays;
The Place of Art in Education; Giordano
Bruno and the Relation of his Philosophy
to Free Thought; Handbook of Dante,
from the Italian of Scartazzini, with
Notes and Additions: Prolegomena to
Tennyson's In Memoriam; Aristotle, and
Ancient and Modern Educational Ideals;
and The Education of the Greek People
and its Influence on Civilization.
DAVIDSON, THOMAS G., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 6, 1805, in Jef
ferson county. Miss. He was elected to
the legislature of Louisiana in 1833, where
he served, from different parishes, some
thirteen years. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress from Louisiana in
1855; re-elected in 1857; and re-elected to
the thirty-sixth congress, but withdrew in
February, 1861.
DAVIDSON. WILLIAM, soldier, was
born in 174ii in Lancaster county, Pa. At
the beginning of the revolution he was
appointed major in one of the first regi
ments raised in North Carolina, and was
in the engagements at Brandywine, Ger-
mantown, and Monmouth. He died Feb.
1. 1781, in Cowan's Ford, N. C.
DAVIDSON, WILLIAM, planter, state
senator, congressman, was born Sept. 2.
1778. in Mecklenburg county, N. C. He
represented that county in the state legis
lature as senator in 1813, 1815, 1816, and
1817. He was a representative in congress
from his native state from 1818 to 1821;
and served again in the state senate in
1827, 1828, and 1829. He died Sept. 16,
1857, in Mecklenburg county, N. C.
DAVIDSON, WILLIAM M., farmer, edu
cator, college president, was born April 8,
1851, in Sullivan county, Tenn. He has
been engaged in educational work for
nearly twenty years; was superintendent
of schools for Lee county, Va.; and presi
dent of Cumberland college for three
years.
DAVIE, WILLIAM R., jurist, was born
in North Carolina. In 1790 he was ap
pointed a judge of the United States dis
trict court for the district of North Caro
lina.
DAVIE, WILLIAM RICHARDSON, sol
dier, legislator, was born June 20, 1756,
near White Haven, England. He settled
at Halifax, N. C., and was for many years
a member of the state legislature and in
1787 was delegate to the convention which
framed the federal constitution. He died
Nov. 8, 1820, in Camden, S. C.
DAVIE, WINSTON JONES, present
state commissioner of agriculture, was
born April 3. 1824, in Kentucky. He was
prominently connected with grange
movements in Kentucky and Tennessee,
and was vice-president of the National
Agricultural congress of Kentucky. He
was for a time agricultural editor of the
Louisville Ledger, and subsequently edi
tor-in-chief of the National Granger.
DAVIES, CHARLES, educator, author,
was born Jan. 22, 1798, in Washington.
Conn. He was a noted professor of
mathematics in Columbia college from
1857. Beside a notable series of mathe
matical text-books, from A Primary
Table Book to Elementary Geometry and
Trigonometry, he published also editions
of Legendre's Geometry and Bourdon's
Algebra. Other works by him comprise
Practical Mathematics; Elements of Sur
veying; Analytical Geometry; Differential
and Integral Calculus; Logic and Utility
of Mathematics; The Metric System; and
Mathematical Dictionary. He died Sept.
17, 1876, in Fishkill Landing, N. Y.
DAVIES, CHARLES WILLIAM, en
graver, was born June 21, 1854, in Whites-
boro. N. Y. He has attained prominence
as a noted steel and copper plate en
graver: and is also a successful business
man of Grand Rapids, Ohio.
DAVIES, EDWARD, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1837 to 1841.
DAVIES, HENRY EUGENE, lawyer,
jurist, was born Feb. 8, 1805, in Black
Lake. N. Y. In 1859 he was elected to the
court of appeals, where he served from
1860 till 1869, being the chief justice for
several years. He died Dec. 17, 1881, in
New York city.
DAVIES. HENRY EUGENE, soldier,
lawyer, was born July 2, 1836, in New
York city. He entered the army in 1861
as a captain, and was made a brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1863. He was
public administrator of New York city in
1866-69; assistant district attorney of the
southern district of New York in 1870-72;
and since 1873 has been engaged in law
practice.
DAVIES. JULIEN TAPPAN, lawyer,
was born Sept. 25, 1845, in New York city.
For many years he has been counsel for
the elevated railroads in the city of New
York: and since 1881 has been trustee
and counsel for the Mutual Life Insurance
company.
284
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DAVIES, MARIANNE, musician, was
born in 1736 in New England. She was
a noted player on the harmonica; and
with her sister Cecilia made a successful
tour of Europe. She died in 1792.
DAVIES, SAMUEL, clergyman, college
president, author, was born Nov. 3, 1724,
in Summit Ridge, Del. He was a presby-
terian clergyman of great renown in his
day as a preacher, and the fourth presi
dent of Princeton college. He wrote a
number of hymns still in use, and his Ser
mons, in five volumes, appeared in Lon
don in 1767. He died Feb. 4, 1761, in
Princeton, N. J.
DAVIES, THOMAS, clergyman, was
born Dec. 21, 1736, in England. He was
the first episcopalian in the town, and by
his efforts the present parish of St. Mich
ael's was organized in 1745. He gave it a
tract of land, and contributed largely to
the erection of a church. He died May 12,
1766, in Milford, Conn.
DAVIES, THOMAS ALFRED, soldier,
author, was born in December, 1809, in
St. Lawrence county, N. Y. He was a fed
eral officer in the civil war, and is the
author of Cosmogony, or Mysteries of Cre
ation; Adam and Ha-Adam; Genesis Dis
closed; Answer to Hugh Miller and The
oretical Geologists; and How to Make
Money and How to Keep It.
DAVIES, THOMAS FREDERICK, bish
op of Michigan, was born Aug. 31, 1831, in
Fairfleld, Conn. He was professor of
Hebrew in the Berkeley Divinity school,
from 1856 to 1862; rector of St. John's
church of Portsmouth, N. H., from 1862
to 1868; and rector of St. Peter's church of
Philadelphia, from 1868 to 1880. He has
published occasional sermons, episcopal
addresses, pastorals, and other official
papers.
DAVIES. WILLIAM, jurist, was born in
Georgia. Prior to the year 1820 he was
appointed a judge of the United States
district court for the district of Georgia.
DAVIES, WILLIAM GILBERT, lawyer,
was born March 21, 1842, in New York
city. He entered the service of the Mu
tual Life Insurance company of New York
city, and in 1870, when the law depart
ment of the company was organized, he
became assistant. He held that position
until 1885, when he was elected head of
the department.
DAVIESS, JOSEPH HAMILTON, law
yer, was born March 4, 1774, in Bedford
county, Va. He served for six months as
a volunteer in the Indian campaign of
1793, and then studied law. He died Nov
7, 1811.
DAVIS. AARON GREEN, journalist,
poet, was born March 8, 1865, in Camden.
Tenn. In 1889 he began the publication
of The Southern; and in 1890 was elected
county lecturer of the Agricultural Wheel,
now known as the Farmers' Alliance,
which position he filled until 1892. He has
editorial control of The Dyersburg Times.
DAVIS, AARON JASPER, soldier, edu
cator, was born June 21, 1847, in Clarion
county, Pa. He served as a union soldier
during the civil war; and for twenty-three
years has been a member of the National
Guard of Pennsylvania. His life has been
spent principally in educational work. He
was county superintendent of schools for
eight years; was an officer in the depart
ment of public instruction at Harrisburg.
Pa.; superintendent of the Industrial and
Training school of Sitka, Alaska, and Is
now principal of the State Normal school
of Clarion, Pa.
DAVIS, ALEXANDER HENRY, propri
etor, was bom Oct. 19, 1839, in Syracuse,
N. Y. When the civil war broke out he
went to the front in 1861 as lieutenant of
artillery. He was promoted to be captain
and assistant adjutant-general in 1863,
and major and assistant inspector-general
in 1864.
DAVIS, ALEXANDER JACKSON, arch
itect, was born July 24, 1803, in New York.
He designed the executive department and
patent-office in Washington, the capitols
of Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and North Caro
lina, the university of Michigan, and the
Virginia military institute.
DAVIS, AMOS, lawyer, congressman,
was born in Mount Sterling. Ky. He was
a member of the Kentucky legislature
from Montgomery county in 1819, 1825,
1827 and 1828; and was a representative in
congress from Kentucky from 1833 to
1835. He was a brother of Garrett Davis.
He died June 5, 1835, in Owingsville, Ky.
DAVIS, ANDREW JACKSON, author,
was born Aug. 11, 1826, in Blooming
Grove, N. Y. He is a noted spiritualist of
Poughkeepsie, among whose many mys
tical rhapsodical writings the following
may be considered the most important:
The Great Harmonia; Harmonial Man;
Present Age and Inner Life; Philoso
phy of Spiritual Intercourse; The Princi
ples of Nature; The Penetralia; Genesis
and Ethics of Conjugal Love, 8>nd Auto
biography.
DAVIS, ANDREW McFARLAND, anti
quarian and author, was born Dec. 30,
1833, in Worcester, Mass. After practic
ing a short time in Massachusetts he went
to California, and was for several years
a partner of his brother in the manufac
turing business. He published articles in
the Overland and Atlantic Monthly maga
zines.
DAVIS, ASAHEL, author, was born in
1791 in Massachusetts. He is a Massa
chusetts antiquary who published Ancient
America and Researches of the East; and
History of New Amsterdam.
DAVIS, AUGUSTA CORDELIA, poet,
was born in 1836 in Maine. She is the
author of Poems from Yare.
DAVIS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, sol
dier, was born in 1832 in Alabama. He
distinguished himself in both the infantry
and cavalry service in New Mexico. In
1862 he became colonel of the eighth New
York cavalry. He died June 9, 1863, in
Beverly Ford, Va.
DAVIS, BOOTHE COLWELL, educator,
college president, author, was born July
12, 1863, in Jane Lew, W. Va. He was
made president of Alfred university, in
which institution he also fills the chair of
philosophy and college pastor. He has
written numerous papers, lectures and ad
dresses, and is the author of Catholicism
in America; The Beginnings of History;
and The Narrative of the Flood and the
Lessons It Teaches.
DAVIS, MRS. CAROLINE E., author,
was born in 1831 in Northwood, N. H. She
is a prolific writer of Sunday-school tales,
and is the author of No Cross, No Crown;
Little Conqueror Series; Miss Wealthy's
Hope; and That Boy.
DAVIS, CHARLES, lawyer, state legis
lator, was born Jan. 1, 1789, in Mansfield,
Conn. In 1841-45 he was United States
district attorney of Vermont, and in 1845
was elected judge of probate for the dis
trict of Caledonia, and re-elected in 1846.
He died in 1863 in Vermont.
DAVIS, CHARLES C., soldier, was born
Aug. 15, 1830, in Harrisburg, Pa. He
served as a union soldier during the civil
war; was second and first lieutenant dur
ing three months' service in 1861, and cap
tain and major during three years' service
in seventh regiment Pennsylvania caval
ry, army of the Cumberland. He is now
connected with the postoffice of his native
city.
DAVIS, CHARLES HENRY, naval offi
cer, author, was born Jan. 16, 1807, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a rear-admiral in the
United States navy, and a noted hydro-
grapher. Besides editing the American
Nautical Almanac, he published Law of
Deposit of Flood Tide; Geological Action
of Tidal and Other Ocean Currents: and
translated Gauss's Theoria Motus Corpo-
rum Coelestium. He died in 1877.
DAVIS, CHARLES HENRY, naval offi
cer, author, was born Aug. 28, 1845, in
Cambridge, Mass. He was a United States
naval officer, and the author of Chrono
meter Rates as Affected by Temperature
and Other Causes; and Telegraphic Deter
mination of Longitudes.
DAVIS, CHARLES HENRY STANLEY,
physician, author, was born in 1840 in
Connecticut. He is a physician of Meri-
den. Conn., and the author of History of
Wallingford and Meriden; The Voice as a
Musical Instrument; Education and
Training of Feeble Minded Children; and
Index to Periodical Literature.
DAVIS, CLAUDE BERNARD, educator,
was born March 18, 1873, in Mohican, Ohio.
In 1892 he graduated from the Bethany.
W. Va. ; and the next year studied at Har
vard university. He then became city ed
itor of the Ashland Times, Ohio; and
since 1894 has been director of the School
of Oratory of the university of Wooster,
with phenomenal success.
DAVIS, CLINTON B., manufacturer,
legislator, was born July 27, 1843, in Hart
ford, Conn. In 1867 he established the
wholesale hardware firm of Davis, Tracy
and Co., and subsequently began the man
ufacture of plows. In 1883 he was elected
to the Connecticut general assembly as
representative from the town of Haddam,
receiving the re-election in 1884 and 1887:
and during the latter two terms was
speaker of the house.
DAVIS, CUSHMAN KELLOGG, soldier,
lawyer, United States senator, author,
was born June 16. 1838, in Henderson, N.
Y. He was first lieutenant in the twenty-
eighth Wisconsin infantry in 1862-64. He
was a member of the Minnesota legisla
ture in 1867; was United States district
attorney for Minnesota in 1868-73; was
governor of Minnesota in 1874-75; and
was elected to the United States senate as
a republican, to succeed S. J. R. McMil
lan, republican, and took his seat March 4,
1887; was re-elected in 1893. His term of
service will expire March 3. 1899. He is
the author of The Law in Shakespeare.
DAVIS, DANIEL, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born May 8, 1762, in Barnstable, Mass.
He was a Massachusetts jurist who was
solicitor-general of his state in 1800-32.
He is the author 'of Criminal Practice; and
Precedents of Indictments.
DAVIS, DANIEL F., governor. He was
governor of Maine in 1880-81.
DAVIS, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, United
States senator, was born March 9, 1815,
in Cecil county, Md. He was elected to
the Illinois state legislature; and in 1848
was elected judge of the eighth judicial
circuit of the state; re-elected in 1855 and
also in 1861. He was appointed a justice
of the supreme court of the United States;
and was a delegate-at-large to the Chi
cago convention of 1860, which nominated
Mr. Lincoln for president. He resigned
from the supreme bench in 1877 to take
his seat as United States senator from Ill
inois for the term of six years. He died
June 25, 1886.
UKKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
285
DAVIis, DAVID, vocalist, composer, was
born May 3, 1855, in South Wales. About
1881 he established himself as a teacher
of singing in Cincinnati, Ohio, in which
•city he has ever since been choirmaster
of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal church.
He has also been tenor of the Plum street
Jewish synagogue; tenor of the Scottish
Rite choir; director of the Welsh Choral
society, and director of the Cambrian Male
chorus. He has appeared in numerous
concerts in London and in many of the
principal cities of the United States.
DAVIS, EDMUND J., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, governor, was born in Florida. He
was collector of customs on the Texas
frontier, bordering on the Rio Grande,
from 1850 to 1852; was a district attorney
in 1853 and 1854, and was district judge
from 1855 to 1860. In 1861 he entered the
union army as colonel; served throughout
the civil war, rising to the rank of briga
dier-general. After the close of the war
he returned to Texas; in 1866 was a mem
ber of the first reconstruction convention;
was president of the second reconstruc
tion convention, and was governor of
Texas from 1870 to 1874.
DAVIS, EDWIN HAMILTON, archaeol
ogist, author, was born Jan. 22, 1811, in
Ross county, Ohio. He was an archaeol
ogist whose chief work is Monuments of
the Mississippi. He died May 15, 1888, in
New York city.
DAVIS, ELIAS G., business man, public
official, was born Oct. 15, 1841, in South
Wales. In 1868 he emigrated to the United
States, and for the past ten years has
lived in Colorado. He has been postmas
ter for eight years, and in 1888 was ap
pointed commissioner by Governor Coop
er; re-elected two terms; and served two
years as chairman of the board. He is
also a successful cattle ranchman on the
south fork of the Republican river, Col
orado.
DAVIS, EMERSON, clergyman, author,
was born July 15, 1798, in Ware, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman who
was president of Williams college in 1861-
68. He was the author of Historical
Sketch of Westfield, Massachusetts; The
Teacher Taught; and The First Half Cen
tury, or Events and Changes, 1800-50. He
died June 8, 1866, in Westfield, Mass.
DAVIS, GARRETT, lawyer, congress
man, United States senator, was born
Sept. 10, 1801, in Mt. Sterling, Ky. He
was elected to the state legislature, and
was twice re-elected. In 1839 he was a
member of the state constitutional con
vention; and from 1839 to 1847 was a
representative in congress from Ken
tucky, and declined a re-election. In 1861
he was elected a senator in congress from
Kentucky for the term ending in 1867. In
1867 he was re-elected to the senate for
the term ending in 1873. He died Sept. 3,
1872, in Paris, Ky.
DAVIS, GEORGE AUGUSTUS, physi
cian, surgeon, was born Nov. 8, 1858, in
Fayetteville. Ga. He received his educa
tion at the Middle Georgia college, and
the Atlanta Medical college, Georgia. He
was president of the Fayetteville County
Medical association, and a member of the
leading medical associations. He has a
large practice in De Land, Fla., where he
is also a prominent druggist.
DAVIS, GEORGE R.. soldier, congress
man, was born Jan. 3, 1840, in Three Riv
ers, Mass. He entered the union army in
1862 and was promoted from captain to
major, serving until the close of the war.
He settled in Chicago, 111., and engaged
in various pursuits. He was elected a rep
resentative from Illinois to the forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, and forty-eighth
congresses as a democrat, and declined
further nominations.
DAVIS, GEORGE THOMAS, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Jan.
12, 1810, in Sandwich, Mass. He was
elected to the senate of Massachusetts in
1839 and 1840; and was a representative in
congress from Massachusetts from 1851 to
1853. His speeches in congress were pub
lished in 1852. He died in 1877.
DAVIS, GILBERT ASA, merchant, law
yer, legislator, was born Dec. 18, 1835, in
Chester, Vt. In 1872 he was elected a
member of the Vermont house of repre
sentatives, and in 1876 was elected to the
state senate. He has been state's attor
ney for Windsor county, and for fifteen
years has practiced law with success in
Windsor. He' is the owner of the Wind
sor Drug Store, and is prominently iden
tified with various other business enter
prises.
DAVIS, HASBROUCK, soldier, lawyer,
was born April 19, 1827, in Worcester,
Mass. He was mustered into the United
States service in 1862 as lieutenant-colonel
of the eleventh Illinois cavalry, and at the
close of the war was brevetted brigadier-
general. After returning to Chicago, he
was elected city attorney. He died Oct. 10,
1870. t
DAVIS, HENRY, clergyman, college
president, author, was born Sept. 15, 1771,
in East Hampton, N. Y. He was appointed
president of Hamilton college, where he
remained until his resignation in 1833. He
published a Narrative of the Embarrass
ments and Decline of Hamilton College.
He died March 8, 1852, in Clinton, N. Y.
DAVIS, HENRY CLAY, lawyer, was
born March 4, 1837, in Franklin county,
Vt. He received his education in the com
mon schools of Vermont, and has attained
distinction as one of the leading lawyers
of the west; and now practices his pro
fession at Yuma, Ariz.
DAVIS. HENRY EUGENE, lawyer, sol
dier, was born July 2, 1836, in New York
city. He attended Harvard and Williams
colleges, and gradu
ated from the Col
umbia Law school in
1857. At the com
mencement of the
civil war he became
captain of the fifth
New York volunteer
infantry; rose rapid-
1 y through a 1 1
grades; and was
brevetted brigadier-
general of the United
States volunteers.
For three years he was public administra
tor of New York city, and during 1870-73
was assistant district attorney of the
United States.
DAVIS, HENRY G., railroad presi
dent, banker, United States senator,
was born Nov. 16, 1823, in Howard
county, Md. He settled in West Vir
ginia, and in 1858 became president of
a bank. In 1865 he was elected to the
legislature; in 1868 was a delegate to the
democratic national convention; in the
same year was elected to the state senate;
and in 1870 was re-elected. He was elected
a senator in congress from West Virginia
for the term ending in 1877, and was re-
elected for the term ending in 1883. In
1881 he became president of the West Vir
ginia Central and Pittsburg railway, and
also of the Piedmont and Cumberland
railway.
DAVIS, HENRY LYON, college presi
dent, was born about 1775 in Maryland. In
1816 he was elected vice-president of St.
John's college of Annapolis, Md.; in 1818
was appointed to the chair of mathemat
ics, and in 1820 was elected president of
this institution. In 1826 he moved to
Delaware, where he became president of
the college at Wilmington. He died in
1837 in Georgetown, Md.
DAVIS, HENRY WINTER, lawyer, con
gressman, author, was born Aug. 16, 1817.
in Annapolis, Md. He was elected a rep
resentative from Maryland to the thirty-
fourth, thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses; and also elected to the thirty
eighth congress. In 1864 he was appointed
a regent of the Smithsonian institution.
He was conspicuously loyal to the union
during the civil war. He was the author
of The War of Ormuzd and Ahriman in
the Nineteenth Century; and Speeches and
Addresses in Congress. He died Dec. 30.
1865, in Baltimore, Md.
DAVIS, HORACE, manufacturer, con
gressman, author, was born March 16.
1831, in Worcester, Mass. He was elected
a representative from California to the
forty-fifth and forty-sixth congresses as
a republican. He is the president of the
Sperry Flour company of San Francisco,
which has a capital of ten million dollars.
He is the author of Dolor Davis, a Sketch
of His Life; American Constitutions and
the Relation of the Three Departments as
Adjusted by a Century; and Shakespeare's
Sonnets, an Essay.
DAVIS, ISAAC, patriot, was born in
1745. He was captain of the Acton min
ute-men, and led them against the British
at Concord bridge. He died April 19, 1775,
in Concord, Mass.
DAVIS, ISAAC, lawyer, state senator,
was born June 2, 1799, in Northborough,
Mass. He was mayor of Worcester for
three years, and for eleven years a mem
ber of the Massachusetts senate. He died
April 1, 1883, in Worcester, Mass.
DAVIS, JAMES, colonial printer, was
born Oct. 21, 1721, in Virginia. He re
moved with his printing outfit to New-
bern, N. C., in 1749, and established the
first press in that state. He was the only
printer in the province until 1764, and
did nearly all the book and pamphlet
printing prior to and during the revolu
tion. He died in 1785 in Newbern. N. C.
DAVIS, JAMES, jurist, poet, was born
Jan. 28, 1815, in Gloucester, Mass. In
1877 he published a volume of his verse
entitled Pleasant Water, a Song of the
Sea and Shore. For thirty years he was a
judge in his native city.
DAVIS. JAMES C., physician, author,
was born March 16, 1863, in Grand coun
ty, Mo. He graduated from the high
school in 1883; and
from the university
of Michigan in 1885;
after which he en
tered the Bellevue
Hospital Medical
»' college of New York
city, where the de
gree of doctor of
medicine was con
ferred upon him. He
then attended the
hospitals of New
York city for one
year, then studied abroad for two years;
and has attained eminence as a successful
practitioner of gynaecology, obstetrics and
surgery in Rochester, N. Y. He is widely
known by his valuable contributions to
medical literature, and is a prominent
member of the leading medical societies
of both America and Europe.
286
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DAVIS, JEFFERSON, statesman, presi
dent of the confederacy, was born June 3,
1808, in Christian county, Ky. In 1844
he was a presidential
elector, and in 1845
was elected a repre
sentative in congress
from Mississippi. He
resigned in 1846 to
become colonel of a
volunteer regiment
to serve in Mexico,
and in Mexico re
ceived the appoint
ment of brigadier-
general. In 1847 he
was appointed a sen
ator in congress to fill a vacancy,
and was elected for the term ending
in 1851; and resigned in 1850, and was
re-elected for a term of six years, but re
signed. He was appointed secretary of
war by President Pierce, serving through
out his administration. In 1857 he again
took his seat in the United States senate
for the term of six years. He wrote the
Rise and Fall of the Confederate Govern
ment. He died in 1889.
DAVIS, JEFFERSON C., soldier, was
born March 2, 1828, in Clark county, Ind.
In 1848 he was made second lieutenant for
gallant conduct at
Buena Vista; and in
1852 became first
lieutenant, and had
charge of the garri
son in Fort Sumter,
S. C., and was there
during the bombard
ment of 1861. At
the battle of Pea
Ridge he command
ed as brigadier-gen
era 1 of volunteers
one of the four divi
sions of General Curtis' army. On Sept.
2j, 1862, he chanced to meet in Louisville,
Gen. William Nelson, from whom he
claimed to have received treatment un
duly harsh and severe. An altercation en
sued, and in a moment of resentment he
shot Nelson, instantly killing him. He
was arrested, and held for a time, but no
trial was ordered, and he was released and
assigned to duty at Covington, Ky. He
died Nov. 30, 1879, in Chicago, 111.
DAVIS, JOHN, congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1839
to 1841.
DAVIS, JOHN, lawyer, legislator, jurist,
was born Jan. 25, 1761, in Plymouth, Mass.
He was some years in the state legisla
ture; a member of the convention to adopt
the federal constitution, and member of
the state senate in 1795. He was appoint
ed comptroller of the United States treas
ury in 1795; district attorney for Massa
chusetts in 1796, and was United States
district Judge from 1801 until his death.
He died Jan. 14, 1847, in Boston, Mass.
DAVIS, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, governor.
United States senator, was born Jan. 13.
1787, in Northborough, Mass. He was a
representative 1 n
congress from 1825
to 1834; governor of
Massachusetts dur
ing the years 1834
and 1835, and 1841
and 1842, and a sen
ator in congress
from 1835 to 1841,
and again from 1845
to 1853. He died
April 19, 1854, In
Worcester, Mass. He
was noted for bis
great philanthropy and kindness.
DAVIS, JOHN, journalist, congressman,
author, was born Aug. 9, 1826, in Sanga-
mon county, 111. For a quarter of a cen
tury he was actively
engaged in journal
ism, and served as a
member of the flfty-
^ second and fifty-
4B) ^, third congresses. He
t % is the author of a
large number of
pamphlets and
speeches on the
monetary question
and political econo
my; and the author
of The Conquest of
the Prairies by Abraham Lincoln in 1830;
Sketch of Napoleon Bonaparte; and vari
ous other works, which are highly valued.
DAVIS, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was born
Sept. 16, 1851, in Newton, Mass. He was
appointed assistant counsel for the United
States before the French-American claims
commission in 1881; in 1882 was appointed
assistant secretary of state, and in 1885
was appointed an associate justice of the
United States court of claims.
DAVIS, JOHN A. G., lawyer, author,
was born in 1801 in Middlesex county, Va.
He was a Virginia lawyer, professor of
law in the university of Virginia in 1830-
40, and the author of Estates Tail, Execu
tive Devises, and Contingent Remainders
under Virginia Statutes; and Treatise on
Criminal Law. He died Nov. 4, 1840, in
Williamsburg, Va.
DAVIS, JOHN CHANDLER BAN
CROFT, diplomatist, author, was born
Dec. 29, 1822, in Worcester, Mass. He is a
diplomatist who was agent for the United
States before the Geneva court of arbi
tration on the Alabama claims, and after
wards, 1873-77, minister to Germany. He
is the author of The Massachusetts Jus
tice; The Case of the United States Be
fore the Tribunal of Arbitration at Gen
eva; Treaties of the United States, with
Notes; United States Supreme Court Re
ports; and Mr. Fish and the Alabama
Claims.
DAVIS, JOHN G., congressman, was
born Oct. 10, 1810, in Fleming county, Ky.
He was a representative from Indiana to
the thirty-second, thirty-third and thirty-
fifth congresses, and was re-elected to the
thirty-sixth congress. He died Jan. 18,
1866, in Terre Haute, Ind.
DAVIS, JOHN H., lawyer, was born Feb.
9, 1869, in Gaddiston, Ga. In 1892 he was
admitted to the bar, and is attaining dis
tinction as an able lawyer of Hiawassee,
Ga. He has served as county adminis
trator, and takes an active part in the
public affairs of his county and state.
DAVIS, JOHN J., lawyer, congressman,
was born May 1, 1835, in Clarksburg, Va.
He was a member of the state legislature
of Virginia in 1861, and of West Virginia
in 1870. He was a presidential elector In
1864, and was one of the delegates from
the state at large to the national demo
cratic convention at New York in 1868.
He was elected to the forty-second and
forty-third congresses as a democrat.
DAVIS, JOHN LEE, naval officer, was
born Sept. 3. 1825, in Carlisle, Ind. He
entered the United States service as a
midshipman in 1841; was commissioned
lieutenant-commander in 1862, and in 1863
sank the blockade running steamer
Georgina. He died Sept. 3, 1889, in Wash
ington. D. C.
DAVIS, JOHN W.. physician, congress
man, governor, was born July 17, 1799,
in Lancaster, Pa. He served as a surro
gate, and then in the legislature of In
diana; and was speaker of the lower
branch in 1832 and 1841. He was also a
commissioner to make a treaty with the
Indians, and was a representative in con
gress from Indiana from 1835 to 1837, from
1839 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1847.
He was speaker of the house 'of represent
atives during the .twenty-ninth congress.
In 1848 he was appointed minister to
China. He subsequently held the position
of governor of Oregon territory during
1853-54. He died Aug. 22, 1859, in Carlisle,
Ind.
DAVIS, JOHN WOODBRIDGE, civil en
gineer, author, was born Aug. 19, 1854, in
New York city. He is a civil engineer
who, besides contributing much to en
gineering journals, has published Formu
lae for the Calculation of Railroad Earth
Work and Average Haul, which speedily
came into use as a text-book.
DAVIS, JOSEPH JOHN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 13, 1828, in
Franklin county, N. C. He was elected
to the state legislature in 1866, and was
elected a representative from North Caro
lina to the forty-fourth congress, and was
re-elected to the forty-fifth and forty-
sixth congresses as a democrat.
DAVIS, JOSEPH SLOCUM, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Nov. 21, 1812, in Pickaway
county, Ohio. He settled in Mount Ver-
non, and there practiced his profession in
connection with Columbus Delano. He
was twice elected judge, and held other
offices, both national and local. He died
Dec. 21, 1884, in Mount Vernon, Ohio.
DAVIS, LEMUEL CLARKE, journalist,
author, was born Sept. 25, 1835, near San-
dusky, Ohio. He is a Philadelphia jour
nalist, editor of The Inquirer, and author
of The Stranded Ship, a Story of Sea and
Shore.
DAVIS, LOWNDES H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 14, 1836, in Jack
son, Mo. He was state's attorney for the
tenth judicial circuit of Missouri from 1868
to 1872; was a presidential elector in 1872,
and was a member of the state constitu
tional convention of 1875. He was elected
a member of the state house of represent
atives in 1876, and was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the forty-
sixth, forty-seventh and forty-eighth con
gresses as a democrat.
DAVIS, MRS. MARY EVELYN, journal
ist, author, was born in 1852 in Alabama.
She is a prominent writer of New Or
leans, on the editorial staff of the Pica
yune, and the author of Minding the Gap,
and Other Poems; In War Times at La
Rose Blanche, sketches for young people;
Under the Man-Fig, a novel; and An Ele
phant's Track and Other Stories.
DAVIS, MATTHEW L., journalist, au
thor, was born in 1766 in New York. He
was a Washington journalist who pub
lished a Life of Aaron Burr. He died
June 2, 1850, in Manhattanville, N. Y.
DAVIS, MINNIE S., lecturer, was born
•March 25, 1835, in Baltimore, Md. For
many years she was assistant editor of the
Ladies' Repository of Boston, Mass. She
has lectured upon the Philosophy of Men
tal Healing and since 1885 has been de
voted to the work of healing and teaching
mental science and healing, at Hartford,
Conn., with great success.
DAVIS, NATHAN SMITH, physician,
author, was born Jan. 9, 1817, in Greene.
N. Y. He is a Chicago physician, dean of
the Northwestern university, whose prin
cipal writings include Lectures on Various
Important Diseases; Principles and Prac
tice of Medicine; Verdict of Science Con
cerning the Effects of Alcohol on Man:
and Medical Education and Reform.
HERRINQSHAW'8 ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
287
DAVIS, NELSON HENRY, soldier, was
born Sept. 20, 1821, in Oxford, Mass. He
served in the war with Mexico, and re
ceived the brevet of brigadier-general
for his services in the civil war. He was
retired in 1885 as brigadier-general. He
died May 15, 1890, on Governor's Island,
N. Y.
DAVIS, NOAH, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, was born Sept. 10, 1818, in Haverhill,
N. H. He was a justice of the supreme
court of the state from 1857 to 1868. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-first and forty-second
congresses, but resigned to become United
States attorney for the district of New
York. In 1873 he was again elected judge
of the supreme court.
DAVIS, NOAH KNOWLES, educator,
author, was born May 15, 1830, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is a professor of moral
science in the university of Virginia, and
the author of The Theory of Thought, a
Treatise on Deductive Logic; the Ele
ments of Inductive Logic; and the Ele
ments of Deductive Logic.
DAVIS, OZORA STEARNS, educator,
clergyman, author, was born July 30, 1866,
in Wheelock, Vt. He received a thorough
education, and has the degrees of A. B.,
A. M. and Ph. D. For several years he was
principal of graded schools of White Riv
er Junction, Vt., and is now pastor of the
First Congregational church of Spring
field, Vt. He is the author of Dartmouth
Lyrics; A Vocabulary of New Testament
Words; John Robinson; and other works.
DAVIS, PETER SEIFERT, clergyman,
author, was born in 1828 in Maryland.
He is a German reformed clergyman who
has written The Young Parson.
DAVIS, MRS. REBECCA ELAINE,
author, was born June 24, 1831, in Wash
ington, Pa. She is a novelist whose first
story, Life in the Iron Mills, a powerful
but sombre study of laboring-class life,
attracted great attention in the earlier
pages of the Atlantic Monthly. Her later
works in fiction include Margret Howth;
Waiting for the Verdict; Dallas Gal-
braith; A Law Unto Herself; Kitty's
Choice; John Andross; Doctor Warrick's
Daughters; Silhouettes of American Life;
Kent Hampden, a Story of a Boy; Natas-
qua; The Faded Leaf of History; and
Frances Walstrup.
DAVIS, REUBEN, lawyer, jurist, gen
eral, congressman, author, was born Jan.
18, 1813, in Tullahoma, Tenn. He was in
the Mexican war as colonel commandant
of the Mississippi rifles, but resigned on
account of sickness. He was' elected to the
lower branch of the state legislature from
1855 to 1857; and was elected a member of
the thirty-fifth congress, and re-elected to
the thirty-sixth congress, and was a mem
ber of the special committee of thirty-
three; joined the rebellion in 1861. He
was the author of Recollections of Missis
sippi and the Mississippians. He died in
1890.
DAVIS, RICHARD BINGHAM, poet,
was born Aug. 21, 1771, in New York city.
He was the author of numerous meritori
ous poems, which were collected and pub
lished, with memoir, by John T. .Irving.
He died in 1799 in New Brunswick, N. J.
DAVIS, RICHARD D., congressman,
was born in New York. 'He graduated
from Yale college in 1818, and was a rep
resentative in congress from his native
state from 1841 to 1845.
DAVIS, RICHARD HARDING, author,
was born in 1864 in Pennsylvania. He is
a popular New York writer whose first
book, Gallegher and Other Stories,
brought him very suddenly into notice in
1890. He is the author of Van Bibber and
Others; The Princess Aline; The Exiles;
The West from a Car Window; Our Eng
lish Cousins; About Paris; The Rulers
of the Mediterranean; Three Gringos in
Venezuela; and Stories for Boys.
DAVIS, ROBERT STEWART, journal
ist, was born in 1841, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He has held the position of editor of sev
eral newspapers in Philadelphia and New
York; and in 1883 established The Call,
which is one of the best and most popular
one cent papers in America.
DAVIS, ROBERT T., congressman, was
born Aug. 28, 1823, in County of Down,
Ireland. He settled at Fall River, Mass.,
in 1850; was a representative in the state
legislature in 1853; and state senator in
1859-61. He was elected mayor of Fall
River in 1873, and was elected a represent
ative from Massachusetts to the forty-
eighth, forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses
as a republican.
DAVIS, ROBERT W., lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born March 15, 1849, in
Lee county, Ga. His father was an ex
tensive planter and an eminent baptist
divine. In 1863 he entered the confederate
service, and surrendered witn the army of
General Johnston. In 1868 he was admit
ted to the bar, and soon took rank among
the most eminent members of the bar in
his native state. In 1879 he moved to
Florida, where he now also stands at the
head of his profession. In 18s4 he was
elected a member of the Florida state leg
islature, of which body he was made
speaker. In 1888 he received a very flat
tering vote as a candidate for governor.
He is now serving with distinction as a
member of the fifty-fifth congress from
the second congressional district of Flor
ida.
DAVIS, ROGER, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1811 to 1815.
DAVIS, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in Massachusetts. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
in 1803-12, and in 1815-16 he was a mem
ber of the state legislature.
DAVIS. SAMUEL B., congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from Louisiana from 1853
to 1855.
DAVIS, SAMUEL POST, journalist, was
born April 4, 1850, in Branford, Conn.
He attended the common schools and
graduated from the Racine college, Wis
consin. He began his literary career as
a humorous writer-; wrote for the New
York Sun, Chicago Times, San Francisco
Examiner, New York Journal, and other
prominent newspapers. He was the first
writer to advocate the formation of a
political party having for its platform
the principles of bimetallism solely, and
he is the author of several essays on that
subject. In 1896 he was a member of the
St. Louis bimetallic convention. He is the
editor and owner of the Carson Appeal, of
Carson City, Nev., and the author of a
volume of Short Stories.
DAVIS, SAMUEL T., soldier, physician,
legislator, was born March 6, 1838, in
Huntingdon county, Pa. He served in the
civil war and attained the rank of assist
ant adjutant-general. He is a physician
of Lancaster, Pa., and president of the
state board of health of Pennsylvania.
In 1884 he was elected to the state legis
lature and re-elected in 1886.
DAVIS, SAMUEL TAYLOR, D. D., cler
gyman, missionary, was born March 4,
1845, in Washington, Pa. He is a presby-
terian clergyman and has been largely en
gaged in mission work in the United
States and China.
DAVIS, SYLVANUS, pioneer. He com
manded Fort Loyal, Falmouth, and after
a five days' defence was obliged to sur
render it to the French and Indians in
May, 1690. He was a counsellor in 1691-
92. He died in 1704, in Boston, Mass.
DAVIS, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in Ireland. He emigrated to Rhode
Island, and was elected a representative in
congress from 1853 to 1855.
DAVIS, THOMAS FREDERICK, clergy
man, was born Feb. 8, 1804, in Wilming
ton, N. C. In 1846 he moved to South Car
olina, and became rector of Grace church,
Camden. He was elected bishop of the
diocese, and consecrated in St. John's cha
pel, New York, in 1853. He died Dec. 2,
1871, in Camden, S. C.
DAVIS, THOMAS KIRBY, clergyman,
librarian, was born Feb. 11, 1826 in Cham-
bersburg, Pa. In 1845 he graduated from
Yale college; during 1846-49 he studied
theology at the Princeton Theological
seminary, and has attained eminence as a
clergyman of the presbyterian church. He
was a home missionary in California for
many years. He has filled pastorates in
Pennsylvania and Ohio, and is now libra
rian of the Wooster university. He has
been professor of languages in the Ver
milion institute of Hayesville, Ohio; has
been trustee of that institution, and also
of Wooster university. He has been a
frequent contributor to periodical liter
ature.
DAVIS, THOMAS T., jurist. He was ap
pointed in 1803 United States judge for the
territory of Indiana.
DAVIS, THOMAS T., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Aug. 22, 1810, in
Middlebury, Vt. In 1862 he was elected a
representative from New York to the thir
ty-eighth congress, and was re-elected to
the thirty-ninth congress. He died May 2
1872.
DAVIS, THOMAS W., lawyer, was born
Oct. 15, 1850, in Uniontown, Ala. He re
ceived his education at the commcm
schools, and graduated from the law
school of the university of Alabama. He
has attained distinction as an able lawyer
of Thomasville, Ala., and takes an active
part in the public affairs of his county
and state.
DAVIS, THOMAS WESTON, clergy
man, author, was born March 15, 1859, in
Sturges, Miss. He graduated from the
Rust university, and from the Gammon
Theological seminary. He uas attained
prominence as one of the leading divines
of the methodist episcopal church in
Mississippi; is an orator of distinction,
and the author of From the Selling Block
to the Senate.
DAVIS, TIMOTHY, lawyer, congress
man, was born in March, 1794, in Newark.
N. J. He spent twenty years of his life
in Missouri, and having removed to Iowa,
was elected a representative from that
state to the thirty-fifth congress.
DAVIS, TIMOTHY, merchant, con
gressman, was born April 12, 1821, in
Gloucester, Mass. In 1854, by an unusual
ly large majority, he was elected a rep
resentative in congress from his native
district, and was re-elected to the thirty-
fifth congress.
DAVIS, TITUS ELWOOD, clergyman,
author, was born April 15, 1851. in Flat-
bush, N. Y. He has edited several publi
cations and was appointed historian of
Washington Camp Ground association.
He is the author of Master's Call; First
Houses of Bound Brook; Battle of Bound
Brook, and other works.
288
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DAVIS, VARINA ANNE JEFFERSON,
author, was born in 1864 in Virginia. She
is the author of An Irish Knight of the
Nineteenth Century, a Sketch of Robert
Emmet; and The Veiled Doctor. She died
Sept. 19, 1898.
DAVIS, WARREN R., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1793 in South Carolina.
He was appointed solicitor for South Car
olina in 1818, and was a representative in
congress from South Carolina from 1825
to 1835. He died Jan. 29, 1835, in Wash
ington, D. C.
DAVIS, WERTER RENICK, clergy
man, educator, college president, was born
April 1. 1818, in Circleville, Ohio. He was
elected president of Baker university, but
afterward resigned, and for fourteen con
secutive years was appointed to a presid
ing eldership. During the civil war he
went to the front as chaplain of the
twelfth Kansas infantry. He was a mem
ber of the first state legislature of Kansas.
DAVIS, WILLIAM BRAMWELL, physi
cian, author, was born July 22, 1832, in
Ohio. He is a physician and surgeon of
Cincinnati, and the author of Report on
Vaccination; Consumption and Life Insur
ance; Revaccination; Intestinal Obstruc
tion; Progress of Therapeutics; and The
Alcohol Question.
DAVIS, WILLIAM HOPE, physician,
author, was born Sept. 1, 1837, in Attica,
N. Y. He attended the public schools of
Cincinnati. Ohio, and
subsequently gradu
ated in medicine. He
has attained promi
nence as one of the
leading physicians of
the west, and now
liiis a lucrative prac
tice in Springfield,
111. In 1858 he was
in the government
employ as mail
agent, and took the
first mail that was
ever taken across the continent. He has
been a member of the board of health, and
organized and was secretary of the Ec
lectic Medical association of Illinois. He
was appointed secretary of the National
Medical association for ten years, and
read papers before that body on various
topics. In 1892 he was appointed a mem
ber of the advisory council of ttie world's
congress of eclectic physicians, and has
filled numerous other positions of honor
in medical bodies, and has contributed ex
tensively to medical literature.
DAVIS, WILLIAM M., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was elected
a representative from that state to the
thirty-seventh congress.
DAVIS, WILLIAM MORRIS, educator,
author, was born in 1850 in Pennsylvania.
He is a professor of physical geography
in Harvard university, and the author of
Nimrod of the Sea, or the American
Whaleman; Whirlwinds, Cyclones, and
Tornadoes; and Elementary Meteorology.
DAVIS, WILLIAM WATTS HART. He
is the author of El Gringo, or New Mexico
and Her People; History of the One Hun
dred and Fourth Pennsylvania Regiment;
Tho Spanish Conquest of New Mexico;
and History of the Doylestown Guards.
DAVIS, WOODBURY, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born July 25, 1818, in Standish,
Maine. In 1866 he was appointed post
master of Portland, and relinquished law
practice. He published The Beautiful
City, a religious book. He died Aug. 15,
1871, in Portland, Maine.
DAVISON, ANDREW, lawyer, jurist,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was elect
ed in 1853 one of the judges of the su
preme court of the state of Indiana.
DAVISON, GEORGE MOSBY, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born March 23,
1856, in Stanford, Ky. In 1881 he was ap
pointed to a position in the internal rev
enue service, which he held until 1885. In
1886 he was appointed master of chancery,
or commissioner, of the Lincoln circuit
court, and resigned in 1893. In 1887 he was
elected to the legislature from Lincoln
county as a republican. He was elected
judge of the Lincoln county court in 1894,
and for ten consecutive years has been
chairman of the Lincoln county republi
can committee. He was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
DAVY, JOHN M., lawyer, congressman,
was born June 29, 1835, in Ontario. He
was elected district attorney for Monroe
county for three years; in 1872 was ap
pointed collector of customs for the port
of Genesee, which office he held until 1874.
when he was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-fourth congress as
a republican.
DAWES, ANNA LAURENS, author, was
born in 1851 in Massachusetts. She has
written much for journals and periodicals,
and is the author of How We Are Gov
erned; The Modern Jew, His Present and
Future; and Biography of Charles Sum-
ner.
DAWES, HENRY LAURENS, journal
ist, lawyer, congressman, United States
senator, was born Oct. 30, 1816, in Cum-
mington, Mass. He edited a paper called
the Greenfield Gazette; was a member of
the legislature of Massachusetts during
the years 1848, 1849, and 1852; of the state
senate in 1850, and of the state constitu
tional convention in 1853. He was district
attorney for the western district of his
native state, from 1853 until elected to the
thirty-fifth congress. He was re-elected
to the thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-first,
forty-second and forty-third congresses;
and was elected a senator in congress for
the term commencing in 1875, and was re-
elected for another term of six years for
term ending in 1889.
DAWES, JAMES W., merchant, lawyer,
state senator, governor, was born Jan. 8,
1845, at McConnellsville, Ohio. He was a
member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1875; and was elected state sen
ator in 1876. In 1882 he was elected gov
ernor of Nebraska for the term of two
years, and was re-elected governor in
1884.
DAWES, RUFUS, jurist, author, was
born Jan. 26, 1803, in Boston, Mass. He
was a witty jurist of Massachusetts, who
won notice both as orator and poet. He
is the author of The Valley of the Nash-
away, and Other Poems; Athena of Da
mascus, a tragedy; Nix's Mate, an Histori
cal Romance; and Miscellaneous Poems.
He died Nov. 30, 1859, in Washington,
D. C.
DAWES, RUFUS R., soldier, merchant,
congressman, was born July 4, 1838, in
Malta, Ohio. He entered the union army
in 1861, as captain, and served throughout
the war, rising to the rank of colonel and
brevet brigadier-general. He engaged in
business at Marietta, Ohio, and was elect
ed a representative from Ohio to the forty-
seventh congress as a republican.
DAWES, THOMAS, soldier, state sena
tor, was born Aug. 5, 1731, in Boston,
Mass. He was a mechanic. During the
controversy with Great Britain he was
made colonel of the Boston regiment in
1773, serving until 1778. He was a mem
ber of the house and of the senate, as well
as state councillor. He died Jan. 2, 1809.
In Boston, Mass.
DAWES, THOMAS, jurist, was born
July 8, 1757, in Boston, Mass. He was
judge of the supreme court of Massachu
setts from 1792 till 1803, judge of the mu
nicipal court from 1803 till 1823, and judge
of probate until his death. He published
an Oration on the Boston Massacre; and
the Law Given on Mount Sinai. He died
July 22, 1827, in Boston, Mass.
DAWES, THOMAS, educator, clergy
man, was born March 11, 1818, in Balti
more, Md. He attended the Chauncy
___^_.__, Hall school and the
public Latin school
of Boston, Mass.;
graduated from Har-
,r vard university in
1839, from the Divin
ity school in 1842,
and has received the
degrees of A. B. and
A. M. For six years
he was a member of
the school committee
of Boston, Mass., and
has always taken an
active part in educational affairs. He is
a successful clergyman of the Unitarian
church, and for a quarter of a century has
filled a pastorate in Brewster, Mass.
DAWES, WILLIAM, patriot, of Lexing
ton. He was despatched to Lexington,
with Paul Revere, on April 18, 1775, and
rode through Roxbury, Revere going by
way of Charlestown. In the morning of
April 19 the message from Warren reached
Adams and Hancock. Revere and Dawes,
joined by Samuel Prescott, from Concord,
rode forward, calling the inhabitants.
DAWSON, ANDREW H. H., soldier,
lawyer, orator, was born Nov. 26, 1819, in
Cynthiana, Ky. For ten months he spent
hunting buffalo and fighting Indians un
der Kit Carson, the renowned old hunter.
He studied law under Thomas F. Mar
shall, was admitted to the bar and set
tled in St. Louis, and subsequently be
came the leading lawyer of Georgia. In
1866 he moved to New York city. He has
been attorney-general of Georgia, assist
ant district attorney of New York city and
county. He is now engaged as a Mason in
editing an Analysis of the facts which
make the full and complete history of the
Maybrick case.
DAWSON, BENJAMIN FREDERICK,
surgeon, inventor, journalist, author, was
born June 28, 1847, in New York city. He
invented a new galvanic battery for gal-
vano-caustic surgery in 1876. In 1868 he
founded the American Journal of Obstet
rics and Diseases of Women and Children,
which he edited until 1874.
DAWSON, DANIEL L., manufacturer,
poet, was born in 1855 in Lewistown, Pa.
He was the author of a book of poems en
titled The Seekers in the Marshes, and
Other Poems. He died Oct. 31, 1893.
DAWSON, GEORGE, journalist, author,
was born March 14, 1813, in Scotland. He
was an influential Albany journalist, edi
tor of the Evening Journal in 1846-77, and
author of The Pleasures of Angling. He
died in 1883.
DAWSON, HENRY BARTON, journal
ist, author, was born June 8, 1821, in
England. He was an historical writer of
New York city, editor of the Historical
Magazine in 1866-77, and editor of the
Federalist, reprinted from the original
text. He was the author of Battles of the
United States by Sea and Land; Current
Fictions Tested by Uncurrent Facts; Rut
gers against Waddington; and Westches-
ter County in the Revolution. He died
May 23, 1889, in Morrisania. N. Y.
IIKKKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
289
DAWSON, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
was born in 1762 in Virginia. He was a
presidential elector in 1793 and was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1797 to 1814. He rendered service in
the war of 1812, as aid to the commanding
general, on the lakes, and was appointed
bearer of dispatches to France, in 1801, by
President Adams. He died March 30, 1814,
in Washington, D. C.
DAWSON, JOHN B., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1800 in Nashville,
Tenn. He was a representative in con
gress from Louisiana from 1841 to 1845;
and had repeatedly served in the legis
lature of Louisiana. He was a militia
general of the state, and was judge of
the parish court in which he resided be
fore his election to congress. He died
June 26, 1845, at St. Francisville, La.
DAWSON, JOHN LITTLETON, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 7, 1813, in
Uniontown, Pa. He was appointed in
1845 United States attorney for the west
ern district of Pennsylvania, and was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the thirty-second and thirty-
third congresses. In 1862 he was elected
to the thirty-eighth congress, and was the
author of the homestead bill, which passed
in 1854. He was a delegate to the Balti
more conventions of 1844, 1848, and 1860,
and to the Cincinnati convention of 1856.
He was re-elected in 1864 to the thirty-
ninth congress, and was a delegate to the
New York convention of 1868. He died
Sept. 18, 1870, in Fayette county, Pa.
DAWSON, SAMUEL KENNEDY, sol
dier, was born in 1818, in Fayette county,
Pa. During the civil war he was pro
moted to be brevet colonel, and subse
quently brevet brigadier-general. He
died April 17, 1889, in Orange, N. J.
DAWSON, THOMAS, college president.
He was president of William and Mary
college from 1755 to 1761.
DAWSON, WILLIAM, college president,
was born in 1707 in Virginia. He was
elected master of the grammar school in
William and Mary college, chaplain of
the house of burgesses; and in 1752 presi
dent of the college. He died Sept. 19, 1755.
DAWSON, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born March 17, 1848, in New Madrid,
Mo. He was elected in 1878 to the lower
house of the general assembly of Missouri,
and re-elected in 1880 and 1882. He was
elected to the forty-ninth congress as a
democrat, and declined renomination.
DAWSON, WILLIAM C., lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
Jan. 4, 1798, in Greene county, Ga. Sev
eral times he was
senator and repre
sentative in the
Georgia legislature;
and was a represent
ative in congress
from Georgia, from
1837 to 1842. In
1845 he was appoint
ed judge of the Ock-
mulgee circuit. From
1849 to 1855 he was
a senator of the
United States. He
died May 5. 1856, in Georgia.
DAWSON, WILLIAM J., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1793 to 1795.
DAY, GEORGE EDWARD, clergyman,
educator, author, was born March 19, 1815,
in Pittsfleld, Mass. In 1866 he was ap
pointed professor of the Hebrew language,
literature, and biblical theology in the
theological department of Yale. He ed
19
ited the Theological Eclectic from 1863 till
1871. He was a contributor to Smith's
Bible Dictionary, and has published ar
ticles in periodicals and Reports on the
Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb.
DAY, GEORGE TIFFANY, clergyman,
journalist, was born Dec. 8, 1822, in Con
cord, N. Y. He was editor-in-chief of the
Morning Star, a free-will baptist weekly
paper, published in Dover, N. H., and
afterward removed to Boston. He died
May 21, 1875, in Providence, R. I.
DAY, HANNIBAL, soldier, was born in
1804, in Vermont. He commanded a bri
gade of the fifth corps in the Pennsylvania
campaign in 1863, taking part in the bat
tle of Gettysburg. In 1865 he was bre-
vetted brigadier-general for long service.
He died March 25, 1891, in Morristown,
N. J.
DAY, HENRY, lawyer, author, was born
Dec. 25, 1820, in South Hadley, Mass. He
was formerly devoted to the old school
branch of the presbyterian church; earn
estly advocated unio,n between the old and
new schools; and when this was effected,
in 1869, he drafted the articles. He wrote
much for publication, among his works
being The Lawyer Abroad; and From the
Pyrenees to the Pillars of Hercules. He
died Jan. 9, 1893, in New York city.
DAY, HENRY NOBLE, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born in 1808
in Connecticut. He was a congregational
clergyman, for many years a western rail
way president, and president of Ohio Fe
male college, 1858-64. He is the author of
The Art of Rhetoric, reprinted as Art of
Discourse; Elements of Logic; Science
of ^Esthetics; The Art of Elocution; Rhe
torical Praxis; Logical Praxis; Science of
Thought; Elements of Mental Science;
The Logic of Sir William Hamilton; In
troduction to the Study of English Litera
ture, which include the greater number of
his writings.
• DAY, HORACE H., manufacturer, in
ventor, was born in*813. He was iden
tified with the india-rubber trade from its
inception, and was involved in lawsuits
with Charles Goodyear on his rubber pat
ents. He died Aug. 23, 1878, in Manches
ter, N. H.
DAY, JAMES ROSCOE, clergyman, col
lege president, was born Oct. 17, 1845, in
Whitneyville, Maine. He is a noted cler
gyman of the methodist episcopal church
and has filled pastorates in Portland, Bos
ton and New York. Since 1893 he has
been chancellor of the Syracuse univer
sity.
DAY, JEREMIAH, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 26, 1738, in Colchester,
Conn. He was a congregational clergy
man of Connecticut, whose Sermons Col
lected were issued in 1797. He died Sept.
12. 1806, in Connecticut.
DAY, JEREMIAH, mathematician, col
lege president, author, was born Aug. 3,
1773, in New Preston, Conn. He was a
noted mathematician
who was president of
Yale college, 1S17-
46. He is the au
thor of Introduction
to Algebra; Mensu
ration of Superficies
and Solids; Examin
ation of Edwards's
Freedom of the Will;
Plane Trigonometry;
Navigation and Sur
veying; and Inquiry
Respecting the Self-
Determining Power of the Will and Con
tingent Volition. He died Aug. 22. 1867,
in New Haven, Conn.
DAY, MAHLON, publisher, philanthro
pist, was born Aug. 27, 1790, in Morris-
town, N. J. He acquired wealth as a pub
lisher and for fifteen years before his
death had devoted his life to charitable
and educational objects. He died at sea
Sept. 27, 1854.
DAY, MARTHA, poet, was born Feb. 13,
1813, in New Haven, Conn. She attained
great proficiency in mathematics and the
languages, and wrote poetry of merit.
Her Literary Remains, with memorials of
her life and character, was published in
1834. She died Dec. 2, 1833, in New
Haven, Conn.
DAY, RICHARD EDWIN, journalist,
poet, was born April 27, 1852, in Granby,
N. Y. Since 1880 he has been on the edi
torial staff of the Syracuse Daily Stand
ard. He is the author of Lines in the
Sand; Thor, a Lyrical Drama; Lyrics and
Satires; and Poems.
DAY, ROWLAND, congressman. He
was a member of the New York assembly
in 1816 and 1817, and was a representative
in congress from that state from 1823 to
1825, and again from 1833 to 1835.
DAY, RUFUS, journalist, poet, was
born Jan. 26, 1803, in Boston, Mass. He
is the author of several volumes of poems,
the most notable of which were Geraldine,
and Ode on the Death of Walter Scott.
DAY, SAMUEL D., physician, surgeon,
was born March 2, 1811, in Berkshire
county, Ind. He was a practicing physi
cian of Shelbyville, Ind., for fifty years,
and attained a celebrity which has not
been confined to his own county.
DAY, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born July 6, 1777, in New Preston,
Conn. He was judge of the city court of
Hartford from 1818 to 1831; and was one
of the committee to prepare the stat
utes of 1808, 1821, and 1824. He reported
the decisions of the court of errors, from
1805 to 1853, published in twenty volumes.
He was an original member ot the Con
necticut Historical society, and president
of it from 1839 till his death. He died
March 1, 1855, in Hartford, Conn.
DAY, TIMOTHY C., congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was elected a repre
sentative from that state to the thirty-
fourth congress.
DAY, WILLIAM A., lawyer, legislator,
was born June 11, 1850, in Wilmington,
Del. He was twice elected corporation
counsel of Champaign, served two terms
as a representative in the Illinois state
legislature, and in 1883 he was elected
mayor of Champaign for the term of two
years.
DAY, WILLIAM HOWARD, educator,
clergyman, was born Oct. 16, 1831, in New
York. In 1860 he became editor of The
Standard and Review of New York city;
in 1866 was ordained an elder in the Vir
ginia conference, and in 1884 was elected
presiding elder of the Baltimore district.
He is now intellectual instructor of con
ferences and supervisor of missions.
DAY, WILSON MILES, journalist, pub
lisher, was born Nov. 5, 1850, in Clarion.
Pa. He was night editor of the Cleveland
Leader, and editor of the Iron Trade Re
view of Cleveland, Ohio.
DAYAN, CHARLES, educator, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
July 16, 1792, in Amsterdam, N. Y. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1831 to 1833, and a state
senator in 1827 and 1828. He was acting
lieutenant-governor in 1829; a member of
the assembly in 1835 and 1836, and was
also district attorney for Lewis county for
five years. He died Dec. 25, 1877. in Low-
ville, N. Y.
290
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DAYTON, ALSTON GORDON, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 18, 1857, In
Philippi, W. Va. In 1879 he was ap
pointed to fill out an unexpired term as
prosecuting attorney of Upshur county,
W. Va., and was elected and served as
prosecuting attorney of Harbour county
for a four-years' term beginning Jan. 1,
1884. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a republican.
DAYTON, AMOS COOPER, clergyman,
author was born Sept. 4, 1813, in Plain-
field, N. J. He was a baptist clergyman
and physician of Tennessee, whose novel
Theodosia, or the Heroine of Faith, was
very popular. His other works comprise
The Infidel's Daughter, a novel; Baptist
Facts and Methodist Fiction; Baptist
Question Book; Children Brought to
Christ; and Pedobaptist and Campbellite
Immersion. He died June 11. 1865, in
Perry, Ga.
DAYTON, ELIAS, soldier, congressman,
was born in 1735, in Elizabethtown, N. J.
He was a major-general of militia, and
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1787 to 1788. He died in July, 1807,
in Elizabethtown, N. J.
DAYTON, JONATHAN, statesman, was
born Oct. 16, 1760, in Elizabethtown, N. J.
He was a member of the convention, in
1787, which formed the constitution, and
signed that instrument. He was a rep
resentative in congress from 1791 to 1799;
speaker of the house of representatives
from 1795 to 1797, and was a senator of
the United States from New Jersey from
1799 to 1805. He died Oct. 9, 1824, in
Elizabethtown, N. J.
DAYTON, WILLIAM LEWIS, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Feb. 17, 1807, in Baskicg-
ridge, N. J. He was
a member of the
state senate of New
Jersey in 1837; was
appointed one of the
justices of the supe
rior court of the
state in 1838, and re
signed in 1841. He
was a senator in
congress from 1842
to 1851; and in 1856
was the republican
candidate for vice-
president on the ticket with J. C. Fremont.
In 1857 he was appointed attorney-general
of New Jersey, which office he held until
1861, when he was appointed a minister
to France. He died Dec. 2, 1864, in Paris,
France.
DAYTON, WILLIAM LEWIS, was born
April 13, 1839, in Trenton, N. J. He was
secretary to the governor of New Jersey
from 1865 to 1868. He was president of
the common council of Trenton from 1876
to 1879; city solicitor from 1879 to 1881;
and in 1882 was appointed United States
minister resident at The Hague, Nether
lands, serving until 1885. In 1896 he was
appointed a judge of the court of errors
and appeals, and his term will expire In
1902.
DEADY, MATTHEW P., educator, law
yer, jurist, state senator, was born May
12, 1824, near Easton, Md. In 1850 he was
elected to the lower house of the legisla
ture of Oregon and in 1851 to the upper
house, serving as president. In 1853 he
was appointed associate justice of the su
preme court of the territory, serving until
the state was established, when he was
appointed judge of the United States dis
trict court for Oregon. In 1857 he was
elected a member of the constitutional
convention which formed the state consti
tution, and was president of that body.
In 1862 and 1864, by authority of the leg
islature, he prepared the Codes of Crim
inal and Civil Procedure, and the Penal
Code of the State; and in 1865 published
the General Laws of the State, and assist
ed in the same work In 1874.
DE AHNA, EDWARD MANFRED,
journalist, was born in Washington, D. C.
He is the son of Col. H. C. De Ahna, pro
fessor of chemistry and civil engineer.
He is the publisher and manager of The
Anchor of Sequin, Texas.
DEALY, PATRICK F., clergyman, col
lege president, lecturer, was born April 7,
1827, in Ireland. He has been president of
St. John's college of Fordham, N. Y. In
1882 he founded the Fordham College
Monthly. He died Dec. 22, 1891, in New
York city.
DEAN, AMOS, lawyer, author, was born
Feb. 16, 1803, in Barnaru, Vt. He was a
jurist of Albany, and the author of Lec
tures on Phrenology; Manual of Law;
Philosophy of Human Life; Medical Juris
prudence; Bryant and Stratton's Commer
cial Law; and History of Civilization. He
died in 1868.
DEAN, BENJAMIN, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Aug. 14, 1824,
in England. He moved to Boston, was a
member of the state senate in 1862, 1863
and 1869, and successfully contested the
seat of Walbridge A. Field as a repre
sentative from Massachusetts to the forty-
fifth congress, and took his seat in 1878.
DEAN, EZRA, congressman, was born
in New York. He was a representative
in congress from Ohio from 1»41 to 1845.
DEAN, GILBERT, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Aug. 14, 1819, in Plea
sant Valley, N. Y. He was elected a
representative In
congress from New
York from 1851 to
1853. He was re-.
I.elected for a second
term but resigned, in
1855, to accept the
office of judge of the
supreme court of the
state, and in 1862
was elected to the
assembly. He died
Oct. 12, 1870, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
DEAN, HENRY MUNSON; physician,
surgeon, was born Nov. 8, 1836, in Canaan,
Conn. He was a surgeon in the United
States army during the civil war. He has
been president of the Iowa and Illinois
Central Medical association; and of the
Muscatine Academy of Medicine.
DEAN, JAMES, educator, was born Nov.
26, 1776, in Windsor, Vt. He was pro
fessor in the university of Vermont, hold
ing that office from 1821 till 1824. He
published a Gazetteer of Vermont; and an
address delivered on his induction as pro
fessor. He died Jan. 20, 1849, in Burling
ton, Vt.
DEAN, JOHN, physician, author, was
born in 1831, in Massachusetts. He was
a physician who published Microscopic
Anatomy of the Lumbar Enlargement of
the Spinal Cord; and Gray Substance of
the Medulla Oblongata. He died in 1888.
DEAN, JOHN WARD, journalist, au
thor, was born March 13, 1815, in Wisca-
set, Maine. He was vice-president of the
American Statistical association, and its
recording secretary during 1860-72. He
was one of the founders of the Prince so
ciety in 1858, and for ten years was its
president. He is now the librarian of the
New England Historic-Genealogical so
ciety of Boston, Mass.; has been the sole
editor of the New England Historical and
Genealogical Register since 1876; the ed
itor of The New England Bibliopolist
since 1880. He is the author of Memoir
of Nathaniel Ward; Memoir of Michael
Wigglesworth; Life of John H. Shep-
pard; Life of William Blanchard Towne;
Brief Memoir of Giles Firmin; and The
Embarkation of Cromwell for New Eng
land.
DEAN, JOSIAH, state senator, congress
man, was born March 16, 1748, in Bayn-
ham, Mass. He was a presidential elector
in 1805; and was a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts from 1807 to
1809. From 1804 to 1807 he was a state
senator; and in 1810 and 1811 was a mem
ber of the state legislature. He died Oct.
14, 1818.
DEAN JULIA, actress, was born July
22, 1830, in Pleasant Valley, N. Y. She ap
peared first as Lady Ellen in The Lady of
the Lake, during 1845, in Louisville, Ky.
She died March 6, 1868, in New York city.
DEAN, OLIVER HAYES, lawyer, was
born in 1845, in Washingtonville, Pa. He
Is a member of the law firm of Warner,
Dean and Hageman, Kansas City, Mo.;
and is one of the leading members of his
profession in his state.
DEAN, PAUL, clergyman, author, was
born in 1789 in Barnard, Vt. He was a
Unitarian clergyman, pastor in Boston, in
1813-40, and the author of Lectures on
Final Restoration. He died Oct. 1, 1860,
in Framingham, Mass.
DEAN, RICHARD E., journalist, poet,
was born Jan. 18, 1862, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He attended the public schools of his
native city and Iowa, and took a course in
journalism in a college at Detroit. He has
written extensively both prose and verse
for the periodical press, and is well known
as an Iowa poet.
DEAN, SIDNEY, manufacturer, clergy
man, congressman, was born Nov. 16, 1818,
in Glastonbury, Conn. He served one
year in the legislature of Connecticut; and
was elected a representative in congress
from that state in 1855, and re-elected in
1857.
DEAN, WALTER L., artist, was born
in 1854 in Lowell, Mass. His principal
paintings are: The Dutch Fishing Creek;
Summer Day on the
| Dutch Shore; and
he exhibited at the
World's Columbian
exposition a large
marine paint
ing entitled Peace,
which attracted fa
vorable notice. He
has exhibited at the
principal expositions
in America and Eu
rope, and has re-
c e i v e d numerous
medals from the leading art expositions.
DEAN, WILLIAM, missionary, author,
was born June 21, 1807, in Eaton, N. Y.
He is the author of Revision of the Penta
teuch; Commentary on Matthew; Com
mentary on Genesis; Commentary on
Mark; Commentary on Exodus; Stow's
Daily Manna; and smaller tracts.
DEANE, CHARLES, author, was born
Nov. 10, 1813, in Biddeford, Maine. He
was an antiquarian writer of Cambridge,
who published Some Notices of Samuell
Gorton, with Memoir; First Plymouth
Patent; and edited Bradford's History of
Plymouth Plantation; John Smith's True
Relation of Virginia, and other specimens
of early American literature. He died
Nov. 13, 1889, in Cambridge, Mass.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
291
DEANE, GARDNER ANDRUS ARM
STRONG, soldier, was born June 23, 1840,
in Franklin. Mass. He served through
the civil war; and received the rank of
lieutenant-colonel. la 1891 he accepted
the position of land commissioner of the
St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern,
and Little Rock and Fort Smith rail
roads, at Frankfort, Kan.
DEANE, JAMES, physician, naturalist,
author, was born Feb. 24, 1801, in Coler-
aine, Mass. In 1835 he made public his
discovery of the fossil footprints in the
red sandstone of the Connecticut valley;
and at the time of his death was engaged
in publishing an illustrated work upon
the subject, the result of twenty-four
years' investigation and labor. He died
June 8, 1858, in Greenfield, Mass.
DEANE, JOHN H., soldier, lawyer, phil
anthropist, was born in Canada. He has
been especially distinguished for his gifts
to benevolent institutions under the con
trol of baptists. To Rochester university
he has given $100,000, besides considerable
sums to the Rochester Theological semin
ary and to Vassar college.
DEANE, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born March 30, 1784, in Mansfield,
Mass. He was a baptist clergyman of
Scituate, Mass.; and the author of The
Populous Village, a poem; History of
Scituate. He died in August, 1834.
DEANE, SILAb, was born Dec. 24, 1737,
in Groton, Conn. He was a delegate to
congress in 1774; and a diplomatist, who,
with Franklin and Lee, negotiated a
treaty of peace and amity t>p*ween France
and the United States.' He was the author
of Letters to Robert Morgan; and Paris
Papers, or Mr. Silas Deane's Late Inter
cepted Letters to His Brother and Other
Friends. He died Aug. 23, 1789, in Eng
land.
DEANE, WILLIAM REED, antiquarian,
author, was born Aug. 21, 1809, in Mans
field, Mass. He was an antiquary of
Mansfield, Mass., who published gene
alogies of the families of Deane, Leonard,
and Watson. He died June 16, 1871, in
Mansfield, Mass.
DEARBORN, BENJAMIN, educator, in
ventor, was born in 1755 in Portsmouth,
N. H. He opened an academy for girls;
and in 1790 he removed his school to
Boston. He was the inventor of the
spring balance. He died Feb. 22, 1838, in
Boston, Mass.
DEARBORN, HENRY, soldier, physi
cian, congressman, was born Feb. 23, 1751,
in Northampton, N. H. In 1789 Wash
ington appointed him marshal of the dis
trict of Maine. He was a member of con
gress from Massachusetts from 1793 to
1797. In 1801 he was appointed secretary
of war, and held the office till 1809, when
he was appointed to the office of collector
of Boston. In 1812 he received a commis
sion as senior major-general in the army
of the United States. He died in 1829 in
Roxbury, Mass.
DEARBORN, HENRY ALEXANDER
SCAMMELL, soldier, congressman, au
thor, was born March 3, 1783, in Exeter,
N. H. In 1812 he was brigadier of militia,
and had the command of the troops in
Boston harbor; in 1821 was a member of
the convention for revising the constitu
tion of Massachusetts; and in 1829 was a
representative in the legislature from
Roxbury; and the following year a state
senator. From 1831 to 1833 he was a
representative in congress; and was soon
appointed adjutant-general of Massachu
setts, and continued in that office till 1843.
In 1847 he was chosen mayor of Roxbury,
which office he held until his death. He
died July 29, 1851, in Portland, Maine.
DEARBORN, NATHANIEL, engraver,
author, was born in 1786. He was one of
the earliest engravers on wood in Boston,
and published The American Text-Book
for Making Letters; Boston Notions; An
Account of That Village from 1630 to 1847;
Reminiscences of Boston, and Guide
through the City and Environs; and
Guide through Mount Auburn. He died
Nov. 7, 1852, in South Reading, Mass.
DE ARMON, DAVID A., jurist, state
senator, congressman, was born March
18, 1844, in Blair county, Pa. He
was presidential elector in 1884; was
state senator, circuit judge, and Missouri
supreme court commissioner; and was
elected to the fifty-second, fifty-third, and
fifty-fourth congresses, and re-elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
DEARTH, ELMER H., journalist, in
surance commissioner, was born June 6,
1859, in Sangerville, Maine. After gradu-
ating in 1878 from
..^^^HMi Foxcroft academy of
Maine, he taught
school for two years.
He then began an
active career in the
f _ newspaper profes
sion with The Ban-
gor Daily Whig and
Courier; and in 1883
became connected
with The Pioneer
Press of St. Paul,
Minn. For two years
he was editor and business manager of
The Independent of Henderson; and for
four years prior to 1890 was the editor
and proprietor of The LeSueur News. In
1889 he received the appointment of dep
uty insurance commissioner of the state.
In this new post he soon developed a large
amount of executive ability, and he filled
it with great credit to himself and honor
to the insurance department. He re
signed this office at the end of three years
to accept a position with the Equitable
Life Assurance society of New York city,
N. Y. In 1897 he received from Governor
Clough the appointment of insurance com
missioner of Minnesota.
DEAS, CHARLES, painter, was born in
1818, in Philadelphia. Among his more
important pictures that have become
widely known through engravings are
The Turkey Shoot; Walking the Chalk;
Long Jake; The Wounded Pawnee; In
dian Guide; A Group of Sioux; Hunters
on the Prairie; and The Last Shot. His
Council of the Shawnees at North Bend
portrays an incident in the life of Gen.
George Rogers Clarke. He died while in
sane.
DEAVITT, THOMAS JEFFERSON,
lawyer, financier, was born Feb. 17, 1840,
in Richmond, Vt. In 1866 he was admit
ted to the Vermont
bar; and was a
member of the Ver
mont constitutional
convention. He has
been superintendent
of schools; justice
of the peace; and
president of the Cap
itol Savings Bank
and Trust company
since its organiza
tion in 1891. He is
the manager and
treasurer of the Watchman Publishing
company; and a director in several other
corporations. He has given considerable
attention to commercial law, and has
made and edited several Digests of Ver
mont Laws. He has a large patent and
pension office practice at Montpelier, Vt.
DE BARDELEBEN, HENRY F., finan
cier, was born in 1840, in Prattville, Ala.
He was vice-president of the St. Louis
Trust Co. The annual Veiled Prophet's
show in St. Louis was organized by him,
among others, and he belongs to the St.
Louis and University clubs and the Mer
chants' exchange.
DEBERRY, EDMUND, congressman,
was born Aug. 14, 1787, in Mount Gilead,
N. C. In 1806 he was a member of the
state legislature, and continued to serve
there, with occasional intermissions, until
j.c28. He was a representative in congress
from North Carolina from 1829 to 1831,
from 1833 to 1845, and again from 1849 to
1851. He died Dec. 12, 1859, in Mount
Gilead, N. C.
DB BLOIS, AUSTIN KENNEDY, edu
cator, college president, was born Dec. 17,
1866, in Nova Scotia. He engaged in edu
cational work, and in 1894 became presi
dent of Shurtliff college of Upper Alton,
111.
DEBOE, WILLIAM J., physician, law
yer, United States senator, was corn in
1849, in Crittenden county, Ky. He has
served seven years as a member of the
republican state central committee and
was a member of the state campaign com
mittee in 1896. In 1893 he was elected
state senator for a term of four years.
He was elected to the United States sen
ate after one of the most sensational and
memorable sessions of the legislature of
the state. His term of service will ex
pire March 3, 1903.
DE BOLT, REZIN A., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Jan. 20,
1828, in Fairfield county, Ohio. He re
moved to Missouri in 1858; and was for
two years a commissioner of public
schools. He entered the volunteer army
as a captain; and re-entered the army in
1864 as a major. He was elected circuit
judge, and continued in the office until
elected a representative from Missouri to
the forty-fourth congress as a democrat.
DE BOW, JAMES DUNWOODY
BROWNSON, lawyer, journalist, author,
was born July 10, 1820, in Charleston, S. C.
He was professor of political economy and
commercial statistics in the university of
Louisiana in 1848; and was for three
years at the head of the census bureau of
Louisiana. In 1853 he was appointed su
perintendent of the United States census;
was president of the commercial conven
tion at Knoxville in 1857; contributed
several articles to the Encyclopedia Bri-
tannica; was one of the founders of the
Louisiana Historical society, now the
Academy of Science. He was the author
of Encyclopedia of the Trade and Com
merce of the United States; The South
ern States, Their Agriculture. Commerce,
etc.: Industrial Resources of the South
west; and Compendium of the Seventh
United States Census. He died Feb. 27.
1867, in Elizabeth, N. J.
DEBS, EUGENE VICTOR, legislator,
labor leader, was born Nov. 5, 1855, in
Terre Haute, Ind. He commenced life as
a locomotive fireman; became general'
secretary of the Brotherhood of Locomo
tive Firemen, and edited its periodical.
He ultimately became president of the
American Railway union, which was
merged into the Social Democracy of
America, of which he is still president. In
1889 he was elected a member of the In
diana state legislature. His name has
become known throughout the United
States as the champion of the rights ot
labor.
292
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DE CAMP, JOHN, naval officer, was
born in 1812, in New Jersey. He was
promoted to the rank of commodore in
1866, commanded the store-ship Potomac
at the Pensacola navy-yard during 1866-
67, and the receiving-ship Potomac at
Philadelphia during 1868-69, and was re
tired in 1870 with the rank of rear-ad
miral. He died June 25, 1875, in Burling
ton, N. J.
DECATUR, STEPHEN, naval officer,
was born Jan. 5, 1779, in Sinneputent, Md.
He entered the navy at the age of nine
teen, and rose to the rank of commodore.
He died in 1820.
DE CHARMS, RICHARD, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 17, 1796, in Piiila-
delphia, Pa. He was a Swedenborgian
clergyman of Baltimore and New \ork
city; and the author of Freedom and
Slavery in the Light of the New Jeru
salem; The New Churchman Extra; and
Lectures at Charlestown. He died March
20, 1864.
DECHERT, HENRY M., lawyer, finan
cier, was born March 11, 1832, in Read
ing, Pa. He graduated from Yale college
and has attained distinction as a great
lawyer and financier of Philadelphia, Pa.
He is the president of The Commonwealth
Title, Insurance and Trust company of
Philadelphia, composed of lawyers and
conveyancers only. He is also the presi
dent of the Pennsylvania State Asylum
for Chronic Insane; and has occupied
many positions of honor in his city,
county and state.
DECKER, ROBERT M., artist, was born
June 8, 1847, in Troy, N. Y. He has at
tained prominence as a landscape painter.
DE COSTA. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
clergyman, author, was born July 10,
1831, in Charlestown, Mass. He is a prom
inent episcopal clergyman of New York
city, well known as an historical writer.
He is the author of The Pre-Columbian
Discovery of America, Illustrated by
translations from the Icelandic Sagas;
The Northmen in Maine; The Moabite
Stone; Verrazano, the Explorer; The
Rector of Roxburgh, a novel; and a num
ber of historical monographs.
DE COURSEY, SAMUEL GERALD,
railroad president, was born Sept. 28, 1839,
in Queenstown, Md. In 1895 he became
president of the Western New York and
Pennsylvania railroad.
DEEMS, CHARLES FORCE, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Dec. 4, 1820, in Baltimore, Md. He was a
methodist clergyman, prominent for many
years in New York city as pastor of the
Church of the Strangers. He was presi
dent of several different colleges in the
south. He was the author of Triumphs of
Peace, and Other Poems; Home Altar;
Twelve College Sermons; Life of Dr.
Adam Clarke; Devotional Melodies;
Weights and Wings; The Light of the
Nations; The Gospel of Common Sense
as Contained In the Epistle of James; The
Gospel of Spiritual Insight; A Scotch Ver
dict in Re-Evolution; My Septuagint,
which comprise the larger number of his
writings. He died in 1893.
DEERE, CHARLES H., manufacturer,
was born March 28, 1835, In Vermont.
His companies are Deere and Co., or the
Moline Plow works, and the Deere and
Mansur Co. He held the office of the pres
ident of the board of labor statistics of
the state; was presidential elector dur
ing the first Harrison campaign; and
served as state commissioner to the
World's Columbian exposition.
DEERING, JOHN WILLIAM, merchant,
congressman, was born Aug. 7, 1833, in
Saco, Maine. Since 1867 he has been en
gaged in the southern pine lumber busi
ness and in building vessels. In 1883 he
was elected mayor of Portland, Maine;
and in 1894 was a representative in con
gress.
DEERING, NATHANIEL, author, was
born June 25, 1791, in Maine. He was the
author of Carabasset, a tragedy; The
Clairvoyants, a comedy performed both
in Portland and Boston; and Bozzarls, a
tragedy. He died in 1881 in Portland,
Maine.
DEERING, NATHANIEL C., congress
man, was born Sept. 2, 1827, in Denmark,
Maine. He was a representative in the
state legislature in 1855 and 1856. He
removed to Osage, Iowa, in 1857; was a
clerk in the United States senate for sev
eral years; and then a special agent of
the postoffice department, serving until
1869. He was a national bank examiner
from 1872 to 1877; and was elected a rep
resentative from Iowa to the forty-fifth,
forty-sixth, and forty-seventh congresses
as a republican.
DEERING, WILLIAM, manufacturer,
financier, philanthropist, was born April
24, 1826, in Oxford county, Maine. Con
trolling a good patent and pushing his
business with spirit, he found himself, in
1880, compelled to move the works to
Chicago and build a larger plant. In 1894
the old firm of William Deering and Co.
took out a charter as the Deering Har
vester Co., of which he is controlling pro
prietor.
DE FONTAINE, FELIX, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1832 in Massachusetts.
He was a journalist of Charleston during
the civil war, but subsequently, and for
the greater part of his career, on the
staff of the New York Herald. He was
the author of Gleanings from a Confeder
ate Army Notebook; Army Letters of
Personne, 1861-1865; and News from the
Front. He died In 1896.
DE FOREST, HENRY W., railroad
president, was born Oct. 29, 1855, in New
York city. In 1889 he became president of
the New Jersey and New York railroad.
DE FOREST, JESSE, was born about
1575 in France. He was the first settler
of New Amsterdam, now New York city.
He died about 1626.
DE FOREST, JOHN WILLIAM, soldier,
author, was born March 31, 1826, in Sey
mour, Conn. He is a novelist of New
Haven who was a federal officer in the
civil war. He is the author of History of
the Indians of Connecticut to 1850; Ori
ental Acquaintances, or Travels in Asia
Minor; European Acquaintances; Witch
ing Times; The Lauson Tragedy; Sea-
cliff, Miss Ravenal's Conversion from Se
cession to Loyalty; Overland; Kate Beau
mont; Honest John Vane; The Bloody
Chasm; The Wetherel Affair; Justine
Vane; Irene Vane; Irene the Missionary;
and Playing the Mischief.
DE FOREST, ROBERT E., lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, congressman, was born
Feb. 20, 1845, in Guilford, Conn. In 1874
he was elected by the legislature of Con
necticut judge of the court of common
pleas for Fairfield county, which position
he held for three years. In 1878 he was
elected mayor of Bridgeport; in 1880 was
elected to the legislature; and in 1882
was elected to the state senate. He was
corporation counsel for the city of Bridge
port; and was elected mayor in 1889, and
re-elected In 1890. He was elected to the
fifty-second and re-elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat.
DEFREES, JOHN D., journalist, state
legislator, was born Nov. 8, 1811, in
Sparta, Tenn. He settled at South Bend,
Ind., in 1831; served in the legislature of
that state for eight years; and was for
many years the owner and editor of the
Indiana State Journal. In 1861 he was ap
pointed, by President Lincoln, superin
tendent of public printing.
DEFREES, JOSEPH H., merchant, state
legislator, congressman, was born May 13,
1812, in Carthage, Tenn. He turned his
attention to merchandising in Indiana; in
1836 was elected sheriff of Elkhart county,
and was re-elected in 1838. In 1849 he
was elected to the Indiana legislature; in
1850 to the state senate; and in 1864 was
chosen a representative from Indiana to
the thirty-ninth congress.
DE GARMO, CHARLES, college presi
dent, author, was born Jan. 7, 1849, in
Mukwanago, Wis. In 1891 he was elected
president of Swarthmore college. He is
the author of Essential of Methods; Lind
ner's Empirical Psychology; Herbert and
Pedagogy; and other works.
DEGENER, EDWARD, farmer, mer
chant, congressman, was born Oct. 20,
1809, in Germany. He was a member of
the Texas constitutional convention in
1866, in which he favored universal suf
frage; and was again a member of the
constitutional convention in 1868. He was
elected to the forty-first congress as a re
publican.
DE GRAFF, JOHN I., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1827 to 1829, and again
from 1837 to 1839.
DE GROOT, ALBERT, seaman, was
born in 1813 on Staten Island. He pro
moted the erection of the Vanderbilt
bronzes, and presented to the printers of
New York the statue of Benjamin Frank
lin, which stands in front of the Times
and Tribune buildings. He died Sept 17,
1887, in Richfield Springs, N. Y.
DE HAAS, MAURICE FREDERICK
HENDRICK, artist, was born in 1832.
Among his numerous pictures are Farra-
gut's Fleet Passing the Forts Below New
Orleans; and The Yacht Dauntless off
Dover.
DE HAAS, WILLIAM FREDERICK,
marine painter, was born in 1830 in Hol
land. He emigrated to New York in 1854,
and devoted himself to painting coast-
scenery. He exhibited at the National
academy, Sunrise on the Susquehanna,
and Fishing-Boats Off Mt. Desert. He
died July 16, 1880, in Fayal, Azores.
DE HART, WILLIAM CHETWOOD,
soldier, author, was born in 1800 in New
York state. He was an officer in the
United States army who published Ob
servations on Military Law and Constitu
tion and Practice of Courts Martial. He
died April 2, 1848, in Elizabethtown, N. J.
DE HART, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, was born March 21, 1837, in New
Brunswick, N. J. He has been pastor of
the reformed church in various cities; and
has served as stated clerk of the general
synod of the reformed church in America.
DE HAVEN, EDWIN J., arctic explorer,
was born in 1819 in Philadelphia, Pa. He
served in Wilkes' exploring expedition
from 1839 till 1842, and commanded the
first expedition fitted out, at the expense
of Henry Grinnell, of New York, to search
for Sir John Franklin. He died Oct. 2,
1865, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DE HAVEN, JOHN JEFFERSON, law
yer, legislator. Jurist, was born March 12,
1845, in St. Joseph, Mo. In 1849 he moved
to California, received his education in
the common schools of that state, and was
admitted to the bar in 1866. In 1867 he
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
was elected district attorney of Humboldt
county; was elected a member of the state
assembly in 1869; and a state senator in
1871 for the term of four years. For two
years he was city attorney for Eureka;
was republican candidate for congress in
1882; and in 1884 was elected judge of
the superior court of Humboldt county
for a term of six years. In 1888 he was
elected to congress; and in 1890 was
elected associate justice of the supreme
court of the state of California for the
term ending Jan. 5, 1895. He then re
sumed the practice of law in San Fran
cisco; and since June 8, 1897, has been
United States district judge for the north
ern district of California.
DEHON, THEODORE, bishop, author,
was born Dec. 18, 1776, in Boston, Mass.
He was the second protestant episcopal
bishop of South Carolina; and the author
of Ninety Sermons on the Public Means
of Grace. He died Aug. 6, 1817, in Char
leston, S. C.
DEITZ, WILLIAM, state senator, con
gressman, was born in Schoharie county,
N. Y. He was a member of the New York
assembly in 1814 and 1815; was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1825 to 1827; and a state senator from
1830 to 1833.
DEITZLER, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
soldier, legislator, was born Nov. 30, 1826,
in Pine Grove, Pa. He was a member of
the Kansas house of representatives in
1857-58, and was re-elected in 1859-60.
During the civil war he was promoted to
brigadier-general. He died April 11, 1884,
near Tucson, Ariz.
DE JARNETTE, DANIEL C., farmer,
congressman, was born in 1822, in Caro
line county, Va. He served many years
in the legislature of Virginia; and was
elected a representative from that state to
the thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh con
gresses. He withdrew in 1861.
DE KAY, CHARLES, journalist, author,
poet, was born July 25, 1S48, in Washing
ton, D. C. He is a New York journalist
and poet, and literary editor of the Times
since 1877. He is the author of Hesperus;
Vision of Nimrod; Vision of Esther; Love
Poems of Louis Barnaval; The Bohemi
ans, a Tragedy of Modern Life; and
Barye, His Life and Works.
DE KAY, JAMES ELLSWORTH, phy
sician, naturalist, author, was born in
1792 in Lisbon, Portugal. He was a phy
sician and naturalist of Oyster Bay, Long
Island; and the author of Sketches of
Turkey; and Natural History of New
York. He died Nov. 21, 1851, in Oyster
Bay, N. Y.
DE KONZA, ELIZABETH MAY, poet,
composer, was born Nov. 27, 1870, in
Geary county, Kan. She has attained suc
cess as a poet, composer of music, and
dramatic writer; and her productions
have appeared in current periodicals.
DE KOVEN, JAMES, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 19, 1831, in Middle-
town, Conn. He was an episcopal clergy
man of Wisconsin, very prominent at one
time as a leader of ritualistic thought.
Sermons Preached on Various Occasions
was issued after his death. He died
March 19, 1879, in Racine, Wis.
DE KOVEN, REGINALD, musician,
composer, was born April 3, 1859, in Mid-
dietown, Conn. In 1887 his first opera,
the Begum, was brought out by the Mc-
Caull Opera company, and was a decided
success. As an operatic composer it may
be said with truth that he has accom
plished more than any other contem
porary.
DE KROYFT, MRS. SARAH HELEN,
author, was born Oct. 29, 1818, near Ro
chester, N. Y. She is a writer living in
Dansville, N. Y., who became blind soop
after her marriage in 1845, her husband
having died on their wedding day. Her
works are: A Place in Thy Memory, a
very popular collection of letters; Darwin
and Moses, a lecture; and Little Jakey,
a story.
DELAFIELD, EDWARD, physician,
was born May 17, 1812, in New York city.
In 1865 he founded the New York Ophthal-
mological society, and was its first presi
dent; and from 1858 until his death he
was president of the College of Physicians
and Surgeons. He was also president of
the Roosevelt hospital. He died Feb. 13,
1875, in New York city.
DELAFIELD, FRANCIS, physician, au
thor, was born Aug. 3, 1841, in New York
city. He is a physician and surgeon of
New York city, who was the first presi
dent of the Association of American Phy
sicians and Pathologists. He is the au
thor of Handbook of Post Mortem Exam
inations and Morbid Anatomy; Studies
in Pathological Anatomy; and Handbook
of Pathological Anatomy.
DELAFIELD, JOHN, merchant, was
born March 16, 1748, in England. He was
a founder and director of the Mutual In
surance company of New York city, which
was established in 1787. He was also one
of the founders of the United Insurance
company, of which he was president for
many years. He died July 3, 1824, in New
York city.
DELAFIELD, RICHARD, merchant,
banker, was born Sept. 6, 1853, in New
Brighton, N. Y. In 1880 he commenced
business in California; and has been for
many years recognized as one of the lead
ing and most prosperous merchants of
New York. He was president of the New
York Mercantile exchange; and director
of National Park bank of New York city.
DELAHAY, MARK W., jurist. He was
appointed judge of the United States dis
trict court for the district of Kansas.
DE LA MAR, JOSEPH RAFAEL, was
born in 1848 in Holland. He became a
submarine 'contractor with headquarters
at Vineyard Haven, Mass., but operating
along the entire coast to the West Indies.
He has a record of having added many
millions to the gold and silver reserves of
the world.
DE LAMATER, CORNELIUS HENRY,
manufacturer, was born Aug. 30, 1821, in
Rhinebeck, N. Y. He joined with H. B.
Cromwell and C. H. Mallory in the lines
running to Galveston and New Orleans.
One of the undertakings which illustrated
his energy was the contract he filled for
the Spanish government for furnishing
thirty gunboats inside of eight months.
He died Feb. 7, 1889, in New York city.
DELAMATER, JOHN, physician, sur
geon, was born April 18, 1787, in Chatham,
N. Y. He was instrumental in establish
ing the Willoughby Medical institute,
Ohio, which was subsequently removed to
Cleveland, and became known as the
Cleveland Medical college. He died March
28, 1867, in Cleveland, Ohio.
DE LA MATYR, GILBERT, soldier,
congressman, was born July 8, 1825, in
Pharsalia, N. Y. He has been an itinerant
elder of the methodist episcopal church;
was a member of the general conference
In 1S68; and for one term filled the office
of presiding elder. In 1862 he helped to
enlist the eighth regiment of New York
heavy artillery, and was its chaplain three
years. He was elected to the forty-sixth
congress as a national democrat.
DE LANCEY, EDWARD FLOYD, law
yer, author, was born Oct. 23, 1821, in
Mamaroneck, N. Y. In 1879 he was elect
ed domestic corresponding secretary of
the New York Historical society, which
office he still holds. He has edited Jones'
History of New York during the Revolu
tionary War; and the Secret Correspond
ence of Sir Henry Clinton. He is the au
thor of Memoir of the Hon. James De
Lancey, Lieutenant-Governor of the Prov
ince of New York; and other works.
DE LANCEY, WILLIAM FLOYD, law
yer, author, was born in Io2l in New
York. He is a lawyer and historical writ
er of New York city; and the author of
Memoir of James De Lancey; The Cap
ture of Fort Washington the Result of
Treason; Memoir of James W. Beekman;
Memoir of William Allen, Chief Justice of
Pennsylvania; Origin and History of
Manors in the Province of New York; and
History of Mamaroneck, New York.
DE LANCEY, WILLIAM HEATHCOTE,
clergyman, educator, \\as born Oct. 8,
1797, in Mamaroneck, N. Y. In 1828 he
was elected provost of the university of
Pennsylvania, from which he resigned in
1834. In 1839 he was chosen the first
bishop of the diocese of western New
York. He aided in founding De Vaux col
lege at Niagara and the Training school
at Geneva. He died April 5. 1865, in
Geneva. N. Y.
DE LAND. CHARLES VICTOR, soldier,
journalist, was born July 25. 1826, in
Brookfield. Mass. He served through the
civil war and attained the rank of briga
dier. He established the Daily Enterprise,
and in 1876 he established the Courier
Herald of Saginaw, Mich.
DELAND, ELLEN DOUGLASS, author,
was born in 1860 in New York. She is a
popular writer of stories for young peo
ple: and the author of Oakleieh: In the
Old Herrick House: and Malvern. a
Neighborhood Story.
DELAND, MRS. MARGARETTA
WADE, author, poet, was born Feb. 23,
1857, in Allegheny, Pa. She is a novelist
and poet of Boston who became suddenly
famous on the publication of John Ward,
Preacher, a story upon lines similar to
Mrs. Ward's Robert Elsmere. Other
works by her include The Old Garden and
Other Verses: Sydney; The Story of a
Child; Mr. Tommy Dove and Other
Stories; Philip and His Wife; and Flor
ida Days, a volume of travels.
DE LANEY, DANIEL A., lawyer, was
born Nov. 2, 1862, in Washington, Mich.
In 1886 he was admitted to the bar at>
Detroit, Mich., where he has attained
prominence as an able lawyer.
DELANO, AMASA. sea captain, author,
was born Feb. 21, 1763, in Duxbury, Mass.
He was a Massachusetts sea captain who
was an extensive traveler, and published
Narrative of Voyages and Travels. He
died in 1817.
DELANO, CHARLES, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1820 in Braintree, Mass.
He was elected a representative from Mas
sachusetts to the thirty-sixth and thirty-
seventh congresses.
DELANO, COLUMBUS, lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born June 5,
1809, in Shoreham, Vt. In 1817 he moved
to Mt. Vernon, Ohio; was a candidate for
governor in 1847; and in 1861 was com
missary-general of "Ohio. In 1863 he was
a member of the state legislature; and
served as a member of the twenty-ninth,
thirty-ninth and fortieth congresses as a
republican.
294
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPKDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DE LANO, MILTON, merchant, manu
facturer, banker, congressman, was born
Aug. 11, 1844, in Wampsville, N. Y. He
was twice elected sheriff of Madison coun
ty, N. Y. He was a delegate to the na
tional republican convention in 1884; and
was elected to the fifueth and fifty-first
congresses as a republican.
DELAPLAINE, ISAAC CLASON, law
yer, congressman, was born Oct. 27, 1817,
in New York city. He was elected a rep
resentative from that state to the thirty-
seventh congress. He died July 17, 1866,
in New York city.
DELAPLAINE, JOSEPH, publisher, was
born Dec. 20, 1777, in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1813 he began the serial publication of
his Repository of the Lives and Portraits
of Distinguished Americans, a series of
engravings with biographical notices. He
died May 31, 1824, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DE LARGE, ROBERT C., congressman,
was born March 15, 1842, in Aiken, S. C.
He was a member of the state legislature
from 1868 to 1870; and was one of the
state commissioners of the sinking fund.
He was elected in 1870 state land com
missioner; and was elected to the forty-
second congress.
DELAVAN, EDWARD CORNELIUS,
merchant, author, was born in 1793 in
Schenectady county, N. Y. He was a re
tired wine merchant of Schenectady, con
spicuous as a temperance reformer; and
the author of Adulterations of Liquors;
and Temperance in Wine Countries. He
died Jan. 15, 1871, in Schenectady, N. Y.
DE LA VERGNE, JOHN C., manufac
turer, inventor, was born Sept. 6, 1840, in
Schoharie county, N. Y. In 1880 he com
menced business as manufacturer of re
frigerating and ice-making plants in New
York city, making improvements, and ex
panding the business until his machines
are used in all parts of the world.
DE LEON, EDWIN, journalist, author,
was born in 1828 in South Carolina. He
was a Washington journalist who was an
European diplomatic agent of the con
federacy during the civil war period. He
was the author of Thirty Years of My Life
on Three Continents; The Khedive's
Egypt; Askaros Kassis, the Captain, a
novel; and Under the Star and Under
the Crescent. He died in 1891.
DE LESTRY, LOUIS EDMUND, jour
nalist, author, was born Jan. 1, 1860, in
Louisiana. He received his education in
Europe, passing
through the Royal
Military academy of
Frankfurt, Germany,
and graduating in
1887 from Heidel
berg university
in the classical
course with the de
gree of A. M. His
first journalistic en
gagement was dur
ing the Russo-Turk-
ish war. In 1878 he
returned from Europe and entered jour
nalism, principally in the northwest. In
1890 he published a History of Helena,
Mont.; and in i897 he compiled an elab
orate historical work of St. Paul, Minn.,
for the Pioneer Press of that city. He
is also the author of Leaves From a Note
book, a collection of his short stories. In
1897 he established De Lestry's Western
Magazine of St. Paul, Minn.
DELL, JOHN C., railroad president, was
born May 31, 1841, near ttascom, Ga. In
1888 he became president of the Sylvania
railroad.
DELLET, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1788 in Ireland.
He moved to Alabama in 1818, where he
was appointed a judge of the circuit court,
dnd frequently represented his county in
the state legislature. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Alabama from
1839 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1845.
He died Dec. 21, 1848, in Claibourne, Ala.
DELMAR, ALEXANDER, journalist,
author, was born Aug. 9, 1836, in New
York city. He was editor of the Social
Science Review in 1864; and in 1866 was
appointed director of the bureau of statis
tics, which he assisted in organizing, hold
ing the office until it was abolished. He
was the author of Gold Money and Paper
Money; Essays on Political Economy;
The Great Paper Bubble; What Is Free
Trade?; Resources, Productions, and So
cial Condition of Egypt; Why Should the
Chinese Go?; History of the Precious
Metals; History of Money in China; His
tory of Money in Various Countries; The
Science of Money; Money and Civiliza
tion; Statistical Handbook; and The Na
tional Banking System.
DELMAR, JOHN, jurist, financier, was
born Sept. 6, 1838, in Ireland. In 1867 ne
became a justice of the peace; and was
one of the organizers of The Citizen in
1886, but did not assume the presidency
until 1887. He is a director in the City
Savings bank and of the Fifth Avenue
bank of Brooklyn, N. Y.
DE LONG, ARTHUR H.. clergyman,
lecturer, author, was born March 23, 1862,
in Napoleon, Ohio. He graduated from
the Northwestern university and the Gar-
rett biblical institute, and has attained
eminence as a successful clergyman in the
Northwestern Indiana conference of the
methoclist episcopal church. He is also a
brilliant lecturer, and the author of sev
eral works.
DE LONG, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
naval officer, explorer, author, was born
Aug. 22, 1844, in New York city. He was
an Arctic explorer who was a lieutenant-
commander in the United States navy,
from 1869 to 1881. The Voyage of the
Jeannette, including his journals of his
latest expedition, edited by his wife, ap
peared in 1884. He died Oct. *30, 1881, in
Siberia.
DEMAND, HERMAN D.. educator, was
born March 10. 1856, in Smithton, Mo.
He received his education in the public
schools and at Central Wesleyan college;
and has attained prominence as a suc
cessful educator. He has taught schools
in Illinois; has been school commissioner
of La Fayette county, Mo.; and for the
past twelve years has been superintendent
of public schools of Lexington, Mo.
DEMAREST, DAVID D., clergyman,
theologian, author, was born July 30,
1819, In Oradell, N. J. Since 1865 he has
been professor of pastoral theology and
sacred rhetoric in the Theological semi
nary and also a clergyman of New Bruns
wick, N. J. He is the author of History
and Characteristics of the Reformed Prot
estant Dutch Church; Practical Cateche-
tics; and The Huguenots on the Hacken-
sack.
DEMAREST, JAMES, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 28, 1832, in Williams-
burg, L. I. He has held pastorates in
Hackensack and Newark, N. J., Chicago,
111., and Kingston and Fort Plain, N. Y.,
and has published numerous sermons,
Including Duty of the Reformed Church
in tne Future as Foreshown by Its
Course in the Past.
DEMAREST, JOHN TERHUNE, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1813 in New
Jersey. He is a Dutch reformed clergy
man, and the author of Exposition of
the Efficient Cause of Regeneration;
Exposition of the First Epistle of Peter;
Commentary on Second Epistle of Peter;
Commentary on the Catholic Epistles;
and Christocracy.
DEMAREST. MRS. MARY AUGUSTA,
poet, was born June 26, 1838, in New York
city. She was the author of My Ain
Countree and Other Poems. She died in
1888.
DEMBY, EDWARD THOMAS, edu
cator, lecturer, clergyman, was born in
1869 in Wilmington, Del. He received the
rudiments of his education in the city
schools of Wilmington, and subsequently
attended the Lincoln university of Penn
sylvania, the Howard university of Wash
ington, D. C., and the Wilberforce uni
versity of Ohio. He has been a success
ful professor of Hebrew, Greek and
French; has been dean of a theological
college; and is at present head master of
St. Paul's academy of Mason, Tenn. He
has traveled extensively; is a well-known
lecturer, and the author of several works.
DEMING, BENJAMIN F., congressman,
was born at Danville, Vt. He was clerk
of the court in his native county for six
teen years; and was elected a representa
tive in congress from Vermont for the
term from 1833 to 1835. He died July 11,
1834, in Saratoga Springs.
DEMING, HENRY CHAMPION, lawyer,
soldier, congressman, author, was born in
1815 in Middle Haddam, Conn. He was a
member of the Connecticut legislature in
1849 and 1850, and also from 1859 to 1861,
serving as speaker during the latter year;
and in 1851 was a member of the state
senate. He subsequently presided over
the city of Hartford as mayor for six
years. In 1861, as colonel of the twelfth
regiment of Connecticut volunteers, he
went to New Orleans and participated in
the capture of that city. In 1862 he was
appointed mayor of New Orleans. He
was elected a representative from Con
necticut to the thirty-eighth and thirty-
ninth congresses. He published a Life of
General Grant. He died Oct. 9, 1872, in
Hartford, Conn.
DEMING, PHILANDER, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1829, in Carlisle, N. Y.
He succeeded in introducing the use of
shorthand into the supreme courts of
New York in 1886. He is the author of
several volumes of stories — Adirondack
Stories: and Tompkins and Other Folks,
being the best known 01 his wonts.
DE MORSE, CHARLES, soldier, jour
nalist, was born Jan. 31, 1816, in Leices
ter, Mass. He served in the civil war
and attained the rank of colonel. He ed
ited the first daily paper in Texas in 1842,
and established The Clarksville Standard
in 1842. He was reporter of the house of
congress in 1841-42. He died in 1887.
DE MOTT, JOHN, congressman, was
born in New Jersey. He was a member
of the New York assembly in 1833; and
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1845 to 1847.
DE MOTTE, HARVEY CLELLAND,
soldier, educator, college president, was
born July 17, 1838, near Carrollton, 111.
He served as a lieutenant in the union
army during the civil war, and was ad
mitted to the bar in 1882. For twenty-
three years he was professor of mathe
matics in the Illinois Wesleyan univer
sity; for three years was president of
Chaddock college; and for six years was
superintendent of the Illinois Soldiers'
Orphans' home of Normal, 111. He is
president of the Central Union Building
and I^oan association at Bloomington, 111.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
295
DE MOTTE, MARK L., soldier, lawyer,
journalist, congressman, was born Dec.
28, 1832, in 'Rockville, Ind. He was
elected prosecuting attorney in 1856; and
served as a captain in the union army
during the war of tne rebellion. He was
editor and proprietor of the Lexington
Register of Missouri for eight years; was
an unsuccessful candidate for congress in
1872 and 1876; and in the latter year was
a delegate to the republican national con
vention. He returned to Valparaiso, Ind.,
in 1877, and was elected a representative
from Indiana to the forty-seventh con
gress as a republican.
DEMPSEY, JOHN B., lawyer, legis
lator, was born April 29, 1861, in St.
Louis, Mo. He is a successful lawyer of
his native city, and principally engaged as
an advocate in labor cases. In 1889 he
was a member of the revising session
of the Missouri state legislature; and in
1886-89 was secretary for the state of Mis
souri of the state and district assemblies
of the Knights of Labor.
DEMPSTER, JOHN, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born Jan. 2, 1794, in
Florida, N. Y. He is a noted methodist
preacher and educator, and one of the
founders of the theological school of Bos
ton university. He is the author of Lec
tures and Addresses, which was issued in
1864. He died Nov. 28, 1863, in Evanston,
111.
DEMPSTER, WILLIAM RICHARD
SON, musician, was born in 1809 in Scot
land. He set Tennyson's May Queen to
music, which became popular, and after
ward composed music for most of the
songs introduced in Tennyson's longer
poems, which were his favorites for his
concerts. He died March 7, J.o71, in Lon
don, England.
DE NAVARRO, MRS. A. P., actress,
was born July 28, 1859, in Sacramento,
Cal. Her first appearance in New York
was in 1877 at the Fifth Avenue theater,
and again in 1878, at the close of which
she made her first European tour. She
abandoned the stage permanently in 1891.
DENBY, CHARLES, soldier, journalist,
lawyer, diplomatist, was born June 16,
1830, in Mount Joy, Va. In 1853 he went
to Evansville, Ind., and became assistant
editor of the Evansville Enquirer. In
1856 he was elected a representative in
the Indiana legislature. In 1861 he was
prominent in raising volunteers for the
union army and was commissioned lieu
tenant-colonel of an Indiana regiment;
served until 1863, and was promoted col
onel for gallant conduct. In 1885 he was
appointed United States minister to
China.
DENGLER, FRANK, sculptor, was
born in 1853, in Cincinnati, Ohio. He
was for a short time an instructor in
modelling in the Boston museum art
school. Among his works are Azzo and
Melda; an ideal head of America, and
several portrait busts.
DENHARD, CHARLES EDWARD,
physician, was born July 15, 1849, in
Germany. He helped to found the Ger
man poliklinik of New York city, of
which he is an attending physician.
DENHOLM, ROBERT M., journalist,
was born July 20, 1852, in Scotland. He
has established several papers in the
west, and is now the editor and owner
of The Western Disciple of De Soto, Mo.
DENIO, HIRAM, jurist, author, was
born May 21, 1799, in Rome, N. Y. He
was a Utica jurist who published Reports
of Cases in the Supreme Court; and The
Court for Correction of Errors. He died
in 1871.
DENISE, DAVID D., horticulturist, was
born Sept. 23, 1840, in Freehold, N. Y.
He is treasurer of the state board of agri
culture, and a member of the executive
committee.
DENISON, ANDREW WOODS, soldier,
was born Dec. 15, 1831, in Baltimore, Md.
He served in the civil war and attained
for gallant and meritorious services the
rank of brigadier-general. In 1869 he
was appointed postmaster of Baltimore,
Md., which he held until his death. He
died Feb. 24, 1877, in Baltimore, Md.
DENISON, CHARLES, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 23, 1818, in Wy
oming Valley, Pa. He was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth and fortieth
congresses. He died June 27, 1867, in
Wilkesbarre.
DENISON, CHARLES, physician, in
ventor, author, was born Nov. 1, 1845, in
Royalton, Vt. He is the inventor of the
air pressure inhaler and exhaler, and the
binaural stethoscope, now used exten
sively by the medical profession. He is
the author of Climates of the United
States in Colors, and various other works
on health and hygiene.
DENISON, CHARLES WHEELER,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 11,
1809, in New London, Conn. He was a
clergyman who as a young man was ed
itor of The Emancipator, an anti-slavery
journal of New York. During the civil
war he served as chaplain in the federal
army. He is the author of The Amer
ican Village and Other Poems; Paul St.
Clair, a temperance tale; Antonio, the
Italian Boy; The Child Hunters, an ex
posure of the padrone system; Life of
General Grant; Out at Sea, a volume of
verse; Sunshine Castle, a tale. The Tan
ner Boy; The Bobbin Boy; and Winfield,
the Lawyer's Son, form a series of bi
ographies of noted men for juvenile read
ing. He died Nov. 14, 1881.
DENISON, DANIEL, soldier, author,
was born in 1613, in England. He was a
famous colonial soldier of Massachusetts,
and the author of Irenicon, or Salve for
New England's Sore. He died Sept. 20,
1682, in Ipswich, Mass.
DENISON, DUDLEY CHASE, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 13, 1819, in
Royalton, Ind. He was a state senator
in 1853 and 1854; state's attorney from
1858 to 1860; and a member of the state
house of representatives in 1861, 1862, and
1863. He was United States district at
torney for the district of Vermont; and
was elected a representative from Ver
mont to the forty-fourth and forty-fifth
congresses as a republican.
DENISON, FREDERIC, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 28, 1819, in Stoning,
Conn. He is a baptist clergyman of
Rhode Island, and the author of The Sup
per Institution; The Sabbath Institution;
History of the First Rhode Island Caval
ry; Westerly and Its Witnesses, 1627-
1876; and Picturesque Narragansett and
Picturesque Rhode Island.
DENISON, JOHN HENRY, clergyman,
author, was born in 1841, in Massachu
setts. He is a congregational clergyman
retired from active service, but at one
time college pastor at Williamstown,
Mass. He is the author of Christ's Idea
of the Supernatural.
DENISON, JOHN LEDYARD, publish
er, author, was born in 1826, in Connecti
cut. He is a publisher of Norwich, Conn.,
and the author of Picturesque History of
the Wars of the United States; and Il
lustrated History of the New World.
DENISON, MRS. MARY ANDREWS,
author, was born May 26, 1826, in Cam
bridge, Mass. She is the author of Op
posite the Jail; That Husband of Mine,
which was issued anonymously and en
joyed an extraordinary popularity for a
short time; That Wife of Mine; Roth-
mell; His Triumph; Old Slip Warehouse;
Home Pictures; Like a Gentleman; and
If She Will, She Will.
DENNETT, JOHN RICHARD, journal
ist, was born in 1837, in Chatham, N. B.
Besides writing frequently for the Nation,
he was assistant professor of rhetoric at
Harvard. He died Nov. 26, 1874, in West-
borough, Mass.
DENNIE, JOSEPH, journalist, author,
was born Aug. 30, 1768, in Boston, Mass.
He was a journalist and essayist of Phila
delphia, whose reputation in his day vast
ly exceeded his deserts, and the author of
The Lay Preacher, or Short Sermons for
Idle Readers. He died Jan. 7, 1812, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
DENNIS, GEORGE R., physician,
United States senator, was born April 8,
1822, in White Haven, Md. He was presi
dent of the Eastern Shore railroad; was
a delegate from the state at large to the
national whig convention at rniladelphia
in 1856; and also to the democratic na
tional convention at New York in 1868.
He was elected to the state senate of
Maryland in 1854; and to the house of
delegates in 1867, and again to the senate
in 1871. He was elected to the United
States senate for the term 1873-79.
DENNIS, GRAHAM, BARCLAY, finan
cier, was born June 1, 1855, in England.
From 1875-77 he was city editor of The
Daily Journal of Dayton, Ohio; and in
1885 organized tne Muscovite Mica Min
ing company, of which he is still man
ager. He has been president tof the Do
minion Mining and Concentrating com
pany of Spokane, Wash.; and is still pres
ident of the Idler Mining company; and
the Summit Mining company.
DENNIS, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born Dec. 17, 1771, in Somerset coun
ty, Md. He was elected a representative
in congress from Maryland in 1796; and
was re-elected to five successive con
gresses. He died Aug. 17, 1807, in Phila*-
delphia, Pa.
DENNIS, JOHN, farmer, state legislat
or, congressman, was born in 1807, in
Somerset county, Md. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1837 to 1841; and was twice elected
to the state legislature. He was a mem
ber of the Maryland state convention in
1850. He died Nov. 1, 1850.
DENNIS, LITTLETON P., congress
man. He served many years in the legis
lature of Maryland; was a presidential
elector in 1800, 1812, 1816, 1824, and 1828;
and was elected a representative in con
gress from Maryland in 1833. He died
April 14, 1834, in Washington, D. C.
DENNIS, RODNEY, underwriter, was
born Jan. 14, 1826, in Topsfield, Mass. In
1864 the Travellers' Life and Accident In
surance company was organized, and Mr.
Dennis accepted the secretaryship, and
held that important position for many
years. He is also a director and trustee
of several insurance and business corpo
rations of Hartford, Conn.
DENNIS, THOMAS HAMNER, soldier,
journalist, legislator, was born Feb. 20,
1846, in Charlotte county, Va. He was a
soldier in the confederate service in 1864-
65; and in 1865 was elected speaker of the
house of delegates. He has become a
prominent lawyer, and is the editor of
The Independent of Lewisburg, W. Va.
296
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DENNIS, W. BICKHAM, journalist,
miner, was born Dec. 8, 1864, in Cincin
nati, Ohio. He attended the public schools
_^_____ of Cincinnati and
ISf Dayton, Ohio; and
graduated from the
•B Central university of
Richmond, Ky. In
f^, • 1891 he emigrated to
the state of Wash-
^f ington, where he is
^L«v the president of the
Port Townssnd
^L board of trade, and
1 > vice-president of the
4B Jhb. Northwest Mining
association. For
many years he was engaged in newspaper
work, and was president of the Middle-
West Journals' association; and held oth
er offices of honor. He is now at the head
of several mining companies, and other
business enterprises; and is the owner
of the Dennis-Halteman block of Port
Townsend, Wash.; and president of the
Eureka Consolidated Mining company.
DENNISON, GEORGE, congressman,
was born in Luzerne county, Pa. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1819 to 1823; was for many
years register and recorder of Luzerne
county; and before, as well as after his
service in congress, was frequently re
turned to the legislature. He died in
1831 in Wilkesbarre, Pa.
DENNISON, WILLIAM, lawyer, legis
lator, governor, was born Nov. 23, 1815,
in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1852 he was a
presidential elector; about that time was
made president of the Exchange bank of
Columbus, and also president of the Co
lumbus and Xenia Railroad company. In
1860 and 1861 he was governor of Ohio,
and did much toward organizing the vol
unteer army for subduing the rebellion.
In 1864 he became a member of President
Lincoln's cabinet as postmaster-general
He died June 15, 1882.
DENNISTON, WILLIAM H., merchant,
legislator, was born March 10, 1850, in
Rochester, N. Y. During 1891-94 he was
a member of the New York legislature
from the third (Monroe county) district.
He is a successful merchant and promi
nent in public affairs of his county and
state.
DENNY, ARTHUR A., surveyor, legis
lator, congressman, was born in 1822 in
Indiana. He was a member of the Wash
ington territorial legislature from 1853 to
1861; and was four years register of the
land office at Olympia. He was elected a
delegate from Washington territory to
the thirty-ninth congress.
DENNY, HARMAR, legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1794 in Pittsburg,
Pa. He was a member of the legislature
of his native state; was a representative
in congress from 1829 to 1837; and was a
member of the convention which formed
the present constitution of Pennsylvania.
He died Jan. 29, 1852, in Pittsburg, Pa.
DENNY, THOMAS, banker, was born
in 1804 in Leicester, Mass. In 1852 he be
came a member of the New York stock
exchange, and in 1858 formed the bank
ing house of Thomas Denny and Co. He
died Oct. 21, 1874, in New York city.
DENNY, WALTER McKENNON, law
yer, congressman, was born Oct. 28, 1853,
in Moss Point, Miss. In 1883 he was
elected to the office of clerk of the circuit
and chancery courts of Jackson county,
Miss., and served eleven years. In 1890
he was elected and served as a delegate
from Jackson county in the state con
stitutional convention; and was elected
to the fifty-fourth congress as a democrat.
DENOYELLES, PETER, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1813 to 1815.
DENSLOW, WILLIAM M., educator,
journalist, legislator, was born Aug. 9,
1858, in Grundy county, Mo. For ten years
he taught school; was township treasurer
for ten years; and in 1898 was appointed
collector of internal revenue. He has been
justice of the peace; is a successful jour
nalist of Spickard; and has served two
terms as a member of the Missouri gen
eral assembly.
DENSMORE, AMOS, inventor, promo
ter, was born Jan. 28, 1825, in Rochester,
N. Y. He made many suggestions and
improvements in the Shole and Glidden
type-writer, which at a later date cul
minated in the Densmore machine.
DENSMORE, JAMES, journalist, pro
moter, was born Feb. 3, 1820, in Moscow,
. N. Y. He established the first paper in
Oshkosh, Wis., and was the editor of sev
eral other papers. In 1867 his attention
was directed to the Sholes and Glidden
machine, anu from that time onward he
devoted his time, energies and wealth to
the development of the Shole machine.
He died Sept. 16, 1889, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
DENSON, WILLIAM H., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born March
4, 1846, in Russell county, Ala. He was
elected a member of the lower house of
the general assembly of Alabama. In 1884
he was Cleveland elector, and was ap
pointed United States district attorney
for the northern and middle districts of
Alabama. In 1890 he was chairman of
the democratic state convention; and was
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
democrat.
DENT, FREDERICK T., soldier, was
born Dec. 17, 1820, in White Haven, Mo.
For his gallant and meritorious services
in the field during the civil war he was
brevetted brigadier-general United States
army and brigadier-general of volunteers.
DENT, GEORGE, congressman, was
born about 1760 in Maryland. He was a
representative in congress from Mary
land from 1793 to 1801; was In the latter
year appointed United States marshal for
the Potomac district; and during the
third session of the fifth congress was
elected speaker of the house of represent
atives.
DENT, JOHN HERBERT, naval officer,
was born in 1782 in Maryland. He was
commissioned a master commander in
1804, and a captain in 1811. He died July
31, 1823, in Bartholomew, Md.
DENT, WILLIAM B. W., congressman,
was born in Maryland. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Georgia from
1853 to 1855.
DENTON, FRANKLIN EVERT, jour
nalist, poet, was born in 1859 in Ohio.
He is a journalist of Cleveland; and pub
lished in 1883 The Early Poems of Frank
lin Denton.
DENVER, JAMES W., soldier, con
gressman, governor, was born in 1818 in
Winchester, Va. He served in the Mexi
can war as a cap
tain. He was a rep
resentative from
California in the
thirty-fourth con-
I gress; and was ap-
^ pointed commission-
I er of Indian affairs,
I which office he re-
* signed to accept the
i appointment of gov
ernor of the terri
tory of Kansas. In
1866 he was a dele
gate to the Cleveland soldiers' convention.
DE PAUW, NEWLAND TALBOT.
banker, manufacturer, was born Sept. 5,
1856, in Salem, Ind. Large interests
throughout Indiana qome in part under
his administration, including The W. C.
De Pauw company, of which he is presi
dent; The New Albany national bank, the
Ohio Falls Iron works, the Merchants' na
tional bank, of which he is also president;
the New Albany Manufacturing company,
and the New Albany Rail Mill company.
He is also connected with two institu
tions in Indianapolis, the Bank of Com
merce, of which he is president, and the
Union Trust company, in which he is a
director.
DE PAUW, WASHINGTON CHARLES,
manufacturer, philanthropist, was born
Jan. 4, 1822, in Salem, Ind. He devoted
himself to the manufacture of plate-glass,
and The De Pauw Plate-Glass works of
New Albany became one of the greatest
industries of Indiana. He gave a million
and a half dollars to the De Pauw uni
versity of Greencastle, Ind.; and founded
the De Pauw female college of New Alba
ny. He died May 5, 1887, in Chicago, 111.
DEPEW, CHAUNCEY MITCHELL,
lawyer, legislator, railroad president, was
born April 23, 1834, in Peekskill, N. Y.
In 1861 he was elected to the New York
state legislature; was re-elected; and be
came secretary of state. In 1875 he became
counsel of the Vanderbilt railway sys
tem; and subsequently its president. He
is the author of two works entitled Ora
tions and After-Dinner Speeches; and La
ter Speeches. In 1885 he became president
of the New York Central and Hudson
River railroad.
DE PEYSTER, ABRAHAM, jurist, was
born July 8, 1658, in New York city. He
was mayor of New York in 1691-95, and
subsequently became chief justice of the
province, and president of the king's
council, in which latter capacity he acted
(in 1701) as governor. He died Aug. 10,
1728, in New York city.
DE PEYSTER, FREDERIC, lawyer,
philanthropist, was born Nov. 11, 1796, in
New York city. He was a founder and
director of the Home for Incurables, and
vice-president of the Society for the Pre
vention of Cruelty to Cnildren, founder of
the Soldiers' home erected by the Grand
Army of the Republic, and a trustee of
the New York society library. He died
Aug. 17, 1882, in Tivoli, N. Y.
DE PEYSTER, FREDERICK, soldier,
was born Dec. 12, 1843. He served in the
civil war, and for his conduct attained
the rank of major of United States volun
teers; and colonel of New York volun
teers. He died Oct. 30, 1874, in Red Hook,
N. Y.
DE PEYSTER, JOHN LIVINGSTON,
.soldier, legislator, was born June 14, 1846,
in Tivoli, N. Y. He served in the civil
war and attained the rank of major and
lieutenant of the United States volun
teers. In 1889 he was elected to the New
York state assembly.
DE PEYSTER, JOHN WATTS, soldier,
author, was born March 9, 1821, in New
York city. He is an historical writer of
New York city, and a general of the state
militia. He is the author of Life of Tors-
tenson; The Dutch at the North Pole and
the Dutch in Maine; Decisive Conflicts of
the Late Civil War; Personal and Mili
tary History of General Kearney; Life of
Sir John Johnston; Mary, Queen of
Scots, a Study; The Character of Mary
and a Justification of Bothwell; Bothwell,
a drama; The Thirty Years' War; Before^
At, and After Gettysburg; Life of Baron
Cohorn; Caurausius, the Dutch Augustus;
and The Real Napoleon Bonaparte.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
297
DE PEYSTER, JOHNSTON W., soldier,
was born Dec. 2, 1841, in New York city.
He served in the civil war and rose to
the rank of colonel.
DE PUY, HENRY WALTER, lawyer,
journalist, author, was born in 1820 in
Pompey Hill, N. Y. He is a lawyer and
journalist, and the author of Kossuth and
his Generals; Louis Napoleon and his
Times; and Ethan Allen and the Green
Mountain Boys of '76.
DE PUY, WILLIAM HARRISON, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1821 in New
York. He Is a methodist clergyman of
western New York, and the author of
Threescore Years and Beyond; Statistics
of the Methodist Episcopal church; Home
and Health; and Home Economics, a very
popular book.
DERBIGNY, PIERRE, fifth governor of
Louisiana. He was elected to that office
in 1828. He was a member of the first
state legislature; judge of the supreme
court; and was twice secretary of state.
He died Oct. 6. 1829, from injuries re
ceived by being thrown from his carriage.
DERBY, ELIAS HASKET, lawyer, au
thor, was born Sept. 24, 1803, in Salem,
Mass. He was a noted railway attorney
of Boston, and the author of Two Months
Abroad; Catholic Letters; The Overland
Route to the Pacific; and Position and
Prospects of the United States with Re-
epect to Finance, Commerce, and Prosper
ity. He died March 30, 1880, in Boston,
Mass.
DERBY, GEORGE, physician, author,
was born Feb. 13, 1819, in Salem, Mass.
He was a physician of Boston, prominent
as a sanitarian, who published Anthracite
and Health. He died in 1874.
DERBY, GEORGE HORATIO, civil en
gineer, author, was born April 3, 1823, in
Salem, Mass. He was a topographical en
gineer in the United States army who was
a popular humorist in his day, and the
author of Phoenixiana; and Squibob Pa
pers. He died May 15, 1861, in New York
city.
DERBY, JAMES CEPHAS, publisher,
author, was born July 20, 1818, in Little
Falls, N. Y. He was a noted publisher of
New York and San Francisco, and the au
thor of Fifty Years Among Authors,
Books, and Publishers. He died in 1892.
DERBY, JOHN BARTON, poet, was
born Nov. 30, 1792, in fealem, Mass. He
was a poet whose later years were spent
in Boston; and was the author of Musings
of a Recluse; The Sea; and The Village.
He died in 1867 in Boston, Mass.
DERBY, ROSWELL, lawyer, poet, was
born Feb. 4, 1854, in Fulton county, Ohio.
He attended the public schools of Wau-
seon, Ohio; and sub
sequently was ad
mitted to the bar in
Ohio. For five years
he was secretary and
attorney for the Peo
ple's Mutual Life In
surance company of
Wakeman, Ohio.
For many years he
was engaged in seed
growing at Florence,
Ohio, and was also a
successful manufac
turer of maple syrup. He has attained
prominence as a successful lawyer, and
has a lucrative practice in his state. He
has contributed extensively both prose
and verse to the periodical press; and
many of his poems have been incorpora
ted into standard works.
DERBY, SAMUEL CARROLL, educa
tor, college president, was born in Dub
lin, N. H. In 1877 he received a profes
sorship in Autioch college, which he held
until 1887, when he became president of
the college. He held the position until
1881, when he accepted the position of pro
fessor of Latin language and literature in
the Ohio state university.
DE ROALDES, ABEL, physician, was
born June 10, 1804, in France. In 1850
he moved to New Orleans, where for thir
ty years he practiced his profession, num
bering among his patients and friends a
large number of tne Creole population.
He died Feb. 4. 1894. in New Orleans. La.
DE ROALDES, ARTHUR WASHING
TON, surgeon, author, was born Jan. 25,
1849, in St. Landry, La. He attained
prominence as a successful surgeon of
New Orleans. He is the author of Post
Nasal Adenoid Growths arid Their Treat
ment; Atresia of the Larynx; and other
works.
DE RUSSY, GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS,
was born Nov. 3, 1818, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
He was mustered out of the volunteer ser
vice in 1866; promoted to be major in
the regular army in 1866; lieutenant-colo
nel in 1879; colonel in 1882; and was re
tired by operation of law in 1882. He
died May 29, 1891, in Detroit, Mich.
DE RUSSY, LOUIS G., soldier, state
senator, was born in 1796 in New York.
From 1851 to 1853 he was a member of the
Louisiana house of representatives, and
from 1853 till 1855 of the senate. He was
major-general of Louisiana militia from
1848 till 1861, when he entered the con
federate army. He died Dec. 17, 1864, in
Grand Ecore, Fla.
DE RUSSY, RENE EDWARD, soldier,
was born Feb. 22, 1789, in Hayti, W. I. He
was superintendent of the United States
military academy from 1833 till 1838, and
lieutenant-colonel of engineers from 1838
till 1863. In 1865 he was brevetted major-
general in the U. S. army for long and
faithful service. He died Nov. 23, 1865,
in San Francisco, Cal.
DE SAUSSURE, HENRY WILLIAM,
jurist, author, was born Aug. 16, 1763, in
Pocotaligo, S. C. He was a jurist of South
Carolina, who was director of the United
States mint in 1794. and published Re
ports of the Courts of Chancery and Equi
ty in South Carolina from the Revolution
to 1813. He died March 29, 1839, in
Charleston, S. C.
DE SAUSSURE, WILLIAM F., lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1792, in
Charleston, S. C. He adopted the profes
sion of the law; and was a senator in
congress from his native state from 1852
to 1853.
DESBROSSES, ELIAS, was born in
1718, in New York city. He was one of
the founders of the chamber of commerce
in 1768, and its president in 1771 and 1772.
Desbrosses street of New York city is
named in his honor. He died in March,
1778.
DE8HA, JOSEPH, soldier, congress
man, governor, was born Dec. 9, 1768, in
Pennsylvania. He served for a time in
the state legislature; fought at the battle
of the Thames as a major-general; and
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1807 to 1819. He was
governor of Kentucky for four years from
1824. He died Oct. 13, 1842, in George
town, Ky.
DESHA, ROBERT, merchant, congress
man, was born in Pennsylvania. He was
a representative in congress from Tennes
see from 1827 to 1831. He died Feb. 8,
1849.
DESHON, GEORGE, missionary, au
thor, was born Jan. 30, 1823, in New Lon
don, Conn. He is a Roman catholic priest
of the redemptorist order, whose Guide
for Young Catholic Women has had a
very extended circulation.
DESIREE, sister superior, was born in
1815 in Belgium. After taking her vows
in 1845, she came to the United States,
and was stationed at Cincinnati until
1852, when she was sent to Lowell to
found a convent and school for catholic
girls. She died in 1879 in Lowell. Mass.
DE SMET, PETER JOHN, missionary,
author, was born Dec. 31, 1801, in Bel
gium. He was a noted Roman catholic
missionary to the Indians, who came to
the United States in 1821. His writings,
originally published in French, include
The Oregon Missions and Travels over
the Rocky Mountains; Indian Letters
and Sketches; Western Missions and Mis
sionaries; and New Indian Sketches. He
died in May, 1872, in St. Louis, Mo.
DESMOND, HUMPHREY J., lawyer,
legislator, author, was born Sept. 14,
1860, in Ozaukee county, Wis. In 1891 he
was elected a member of the Wisconsin
legislature, and drafted the Desmond
law, which was enacted in place of the
famous Bennett law. He is the author of
Mooted Questions of History, and several
other works.
DESNOYER, PETER, pioneer, was
born April 21, 1773, in France. Congress,
in 1807, gave him a tract of land on De
troit river, in return for his loyalty to
the United States. He subsequently be
came United States marshal for the ter
ritory of Michigan, and in 1839 state treas
urer. He died March 6, 1880, in Detroit,
Mich.
DE SOLA, ABRAHAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 18, 1825, in London.
He was an eloquent expounder of con
servative Judaism. His published works,
include Scripture Zoology; The Sanitary
Institutions of the Hebrews; Mosaic Cos
mogony; Sinaitic Inscriptions; Notes on
the Jews of Persia; and minor writings
on Jewish history and literature. He died
June 5, 1882, in New York.
DE STEFANI, RAFAEL E., operatic
artist and vocal teacher, was born in
Cuba. He decided to settle in Brooklyn,
N. Y., and there opened his Italian con
servatory on Fulton and Gould streets,
which in a short time became one of the
leading institutions in the city.
DESTREHAN, JEAN NOEL, states
man, was born about 1780. He was a citi
zen of Louisiana, and in 1805 one of the
authors of a pamphlet attacking the ter
ritorial government. In 1812 he was elect
ed to the United States senate, but re
signed the office before taking his seat.
DETMOLD, CHRISTIAN EDWARD,
civil engineer, was born Feb. 2, 1810, in
Germany. He built the works of the New
Jersey Zinc company, at Newark, N. J.,
being president of the company, and de
veloped the manufacture of spiegel iron
from the residue of zinc ore. He died
July 2, 1887, in New York city.
DETMOLD, WILLIAM LUDWIG, sur
geon, was born Dec. 27, 1808, in Ger
many. He became professor of military
surgery and hygiene at Columbia in 1862,
and was made professor emeritus in 1866.
He introduced orthopedic surgery into the
United States.
DE TROBRIAND, PHILIP REGIS, sol
dier, author, was born June 4, 1816, in
France. He is a military writer who came
to the United States in 1841, entered the
army, and, after serving through the civil
war, retired from active service in 1879,
and resided in New Orleans. He is the
author of several novels in French.
298
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DETWILER, JACOB SNARE, educator,
elocutionist, journalist, was born Jan. 28,
1863, in Philadelphia, Pa. He toured the
country for several years as an elocu
tionist and impersonator, and became fa
vorably known as an oraior and lecturer.
He is now editor and proprietor of The
Sun, of Osage, Iowa.
DETWILLER, HENRY, physician, mer
chant, was born Dec. 18, 1795, in Switzer
land. He was the pioneer of homeopathy
in Pennsylvania, and the first to suc
cessfully practice it in America. He
founded the iron industry at Bingen, Pa.,
and became president of the company. He
died April 21, 1887, in Easton.
DEUSTER, PETER VICTOR, journal
ist, state senator, congressman, was
born Feb. 13, 1831, in Germany. In 1847
he settled at Milwaukee, Wis., and be
came editor and publisher of a newspa
per. He was a member of the state house
of representatives in 1862; state senator
in 1870 and 1871; and was elected a repre
sentative from Wisconsin to the forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, and forty-eighth
congresses as a democrat.
DEVENS, CHARLES, lawyer, soldier,
state senator, was born April 4, 1820, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a member
of the state senate in 1848-49; and for
several years was attorney-general of the
United States. He served with distinc
tion through the civil war; and was made
a brigadier-general in 1862. He died Jan.
7, 1891, in Boston, Mass.
DE VERB, MARY AINGE, known as
Madeline Bridges, author, poet, was born
in New York. She is a successful writer
of Brooklyn, N. Y.; and the author of
Love Songs and Other Poems; and a sec
ond volume entitled Poems.
DE VERE, MAXIMILIAN SCHELE,
philologist, author, was born in 1820 in
Sweden. He is a philologist of note who
came from Sweden to the United States
in 1843, and since 1844 has been a profes
sor in the university of Virginia. He is
the author of Outlines of Comparative
Philology; Studies in English; Ameri-
isms; Wonders of the Deep; Grammar of
the Spanish Language; Stray Leaves from
the Book of Nature; and Romance of
American History.
DEVEREUX, JOHN HENRY, president
of railroads, was born April 5, 1832, in
Boston, Mass. He received a thorough
education in the
Portsmouth acade
my, New Hamp
shire; and in 1848
commenced life as a
civil engineer on
construction of the
Cleveland, Colum
bus and Cincinnati
railroad, and the
Cleveland, Paines-
ville and Ashtabula
railroad. In 1853 he
went to Tennessee
to engage in the construction of the
Tennessee and Alabama railroad; and
during the great rebellion entered the
United States service, and was made
superintendent of the United States rail
roads of Virginia. He became presi
dent, until consolidation, of all the
lines between Buhalo and Chicago; at
which time he was made general man
ager of the entire lines. In 1873 he be
came president of the Cleveland, Colum
bus and Cincinnati railroad; and also
president of the Atlantic and Great West
ern railroad. He was instrumental in
building the Pittsbtirg and Lake Erie
railroad, and remained a trustee and di
rector until his death, on March 17, 1886,
In Cleveland, Ohio.
DEVEREUX, THOMAS POLLOCK,
lawyer, author, was born Dec. 17, 1793, in
Newbern, N. C. He was a North Caro
lina lawyer who published Reports of
North Carolina Supreme Court in 1826-34;
Reports in the Superior Court in 1834-40;
and Equity Reports in 1826-40. He died
March 24, 1869, in North Carolina.
DEVIN, THOMAS C., soldier, was born
in 1822 in New York city. He entered the
regular army as lieutenant-colonel, and
was made brigadier-general for services
at Sailor's creeK. He died April 4, 1878,
in New York city.
DE VINNE, DANIEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 1, 1793, in Ireland. He
was a methodist clergyman of New York
city; and the author of The Methodist
Episcopal Church and Slavery; Recollec
tions of Fifty Years in the Ministry, and
Irish Primitive Church. He died Feb. 10,
1883, in Morrisania, N. Y.
DE VINNE, THEODORE LOW, printer,
author, was born Dec. 25, 1828, in Stam
ford, Conn. He is a noted printer of New
York city, and the author of Printer's
Price List; Invention of Printing; and
Historic Types.
DEVOE, FREDERICK WILLIAM, mer
chant, manufacturer, was born Jan. 26,
1828, in New York city. His product,
called Devoe's Brilliant Oil, enjoyed a
very extended sale, and the present com
pany of which he is president and treas
urer is one of the leading concerns in the
country.
DEVOL, WILLIAM STOWE, educator,
scientist, was born March 24, 1860, near
Marietta, Ohio. He is the director of the
Arizona experiment
station, professor of
agriculture, horti
culture and veteri
nary science in the
university of Arizo
na. He graduated
from the Ohio state
university in 1886
with the degree of
bachelor of agricul
ture, and upon grad
uation was placed
in charge of the
university farm, and in 1882 was chosen
botanist. In 1889 he went to Reno, Nev.,
to accept the chair of agriculture in the
university of Nevada. On account of fail
ing health he went to southern California,
and there remained for five years, en
gaged in newspaper work. In 1895 he ac
cepted his present position at the univer
sity of Arizona. He is the president of
the Arizona Agricultural association; and
a member of various horticultural, porno-
logical and scientific associations. In
1896 he became territorial veterinarian,
stamping out an extensive outbreak of
swine plague.
DE VRIES, MARION, lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 15, 1865, in Wood-
bridge, Cal. He acted as assistant dis
trict attorney for
^••^^ S:ni Joaquin county
IfUOfh. from January, 1893,
I to February, 1897;
and was elected to
ttto^tv • the fifty-fifth con
gress as a democrat
and indorsed by the
people's party. He
Is a member of sev
eral important com
mittees; and always
takes an active part
in all debates tend
ing to the industrial advancement of the
United States.
DEW, THOMAS RODERICK, educator,
college president, author, was born Diec.
5, 1802, in Virginia. He was an educator
of Virginia, and president of William and
Mary college in 1836-46. A Digest of the
History and Laws of Ancient and Modern
Nations is his chief work. Other writings
of his include The Policy of thes Govern
ment; Lectures on History; Usury; and
Essay in Favour of Slavery. He died Aug.
6, 1864, in Paris, France.
DE WAELE, CHARLES LEONARD,
lawyer, poet, was born Oct. 24, 1839, in
Belgium. In 1869 he emigrated to Ameri
ca, and for a num
ber of years was in
the lumber business
in northern Michi
gan. During 1876-
90 he served as a
justice of the peace;
and for two terms
was superintendent
of schools. In 1889
he was admitted to
the bar; and is now
circuit court com
missioner for the
county of Roscommon, Mich. As an au
thor and lawyer Mr. De Waele occupies a
high place amongst the literary and legal
fraternity of Michigan. He is the author
of a volume of poems published in his
native language. He is a linguist, and
speaks the Dutch, German and French
languages, and has done service as inter
preter in several prominent trials in the
state.
DE WALDEN, THOMAS BLAIDES, ac
tor, author, was born in 1811, in London,
England. He was a New York actor of
some note as an author and adapter of
many plays, among which are The Up
per Ten and the Lower Twenty; and Kit;
The Jesuit. He died Sept. 26, 1873, in
New York city.
DEWART, LEWIS, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1831 to 1833.
DEWART, WILLIAM L., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Pennsylvania. He
was a member of the thirty-fifth con
gress from Pennsylvania.
DEWEES, WILLIAM POTTS, physi
cian, author, was born Nov. 5, 1768, in
Pottsgrove, Pa. He was a popular physi
cian of Philadelphia, and professor of ob
stetrics in the university of Pennsylvania.
He was the author of Medical Essays;
Physical and Medical Treatment of Chil
dren; System of Midwifery; and Practice
of Medicine. He died May 18, 1841, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
DEWEESE, JOHN T., lawyer, soldier,
congressman, was born June 4, 1835, in
Arkansas. He entered the volunteer army
in 1861; promoted to the rank of colo
nel in 1863; and after the war was com
missioned a lieutenant in the regular
army, and stationed in North Carolina.
After holding the ohice of register in
bankruptcy for a time he was elected a
representative from North Carolina to the
fortieth congress, and was re-elected to
the forty-first congress.
DEWEY, CHARLES AUGUSTUS, law
yer, jurist, was born March 13, 1793, in
Williamstown, Mass. He served as United
States district attorney from 1830 till 1837.
when he was appointed the fifth judge of
the supreme court of Massachusetts. He
died Aug. 22, 1866, in Northampton, Mass.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHJT.
299
DEWEY, CHESTER, botanist, educa
tor, author, was born Oct. 25, 1784, in
Sheffield, Mass. He was a botanist who
as an educator was connected with va
rious colleges, and lastiy with the univer
sity of Rochester. Besides a History of
Herbaceous Plants of Massachusetts, he
wrote an elaborate monograph on the
Carices of North America, the result of
many years' labor. He died in 1867.
DEWEY, DANIEL, lawyer. Jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 29, 1766, in
Sheffield, Mass. He was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts in 1813
and 1814, when he resigned; and was ap
pointed judge of the supreme court of
Massachusetts in 1814. He died June 3,
1815.
DEWEY. FREDERIC PERKINS, chem
ist, was born Oct. 4, 1855. in Hartford,
Conn. He was appointed in 1882 curator
of Metallurgy in the United States na
tional museum in Washington.
DEWEY, GEORGE, naval officer, was
born in Vermont. He attended the naval
academy during 1854-58; and during 1858-
59 was attached to the steam frigate Wa-
bash; and to the Mississippi in 1861-63.
He was at the capture of New Orleans in
1862; of Port Hudson in 1863; and dur
ing 1864-65 was in the North Atlantic
Blockading squadron. He was commis
sioned lieutenant in 1861; lieutenant-
commander in 1865; commander in 1872;
and captain in 1884. He was secretary of
the light-house board during 1877-82; and
chief of the bureau of equipment and re
cruiting, with rank of commodore, dur
ing 1889-90. He has attained world-wide
fame by his destruction of the Spanish
fleet in Manila Bay on May 1, 1898; was
given a vote of thanks by congress; pre
sented with a golden sword; and was
promoted to rear admiral.
DEWEY, HENRY S., lawyer, was born
Nov. 9, 1856, in Hanover, N. H. He has
attained eminence as a lawyer of Boston,
Mass.
DEWEY, ISRAEL OTIS, soldier, legis
lator, was born March 9, 1824, in Berlin,
Vt. In 1860 he was a member of the New
Hampshire legislature; and a justice of
the peace for many years. He served in
the civil war and attained the rank of
major. He died May 12, 1888, in Boston,
Mass.
DEWEY, JAMES ALFRED, educator,
reformer, was born Nov. 10, 1860, in Ar
menia, Pa. He graduated in 1882 from
the state normal school of Mansfield, Pa.;
and subsequently from tne medical de
partment of the university of Michigan.
He has been a successful educator and
reformer; and is now superintendent of
schools at Wanamie, Pa.
DEWEY, JOHN J., railroad president,
was born April 8, 1846, in Quechee, Vt.
In 1894 he became president of the Wood
stock railway.
DEWEY, LOUIS MARINUS, genealo
gist, was born Aug. 27, 1865, in Westfield,
Mass. He is the author of a genealogy
of the Dewey family.
DEWEY, M/\RY E., author, was born
in Sheffield, Mass. She has translated
George Sand's Miller of Angibault, and
edited The Life and Letters of Catherine
M. Sedgwick.
DEWEY. MELVIL, librarian, author,
was born Dec. 10, 1851, in Adams Centre,
N. Y. He is the librarian of Columbia
college and director of the New York
state library. He is the author of Li
brary School Rules: and The Decimal
Classification and Relation Index.
DEWEY, NE» SON, governor. He was
the first governor of Wisconsin after it
became a state, serving as such from 1848
to 1851.
DEWEY, ORVILLE, clergyman, author,
was born March 28, 1794, in Sheffield,
Mass. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
conservative opinions, once prominent as
a pastor in New York and Boston. He
was the author of Unitarian Belief; Dis
courses on Human Life; The Old World
and the New; Letters on Revivals; Prob
lems of Human Life and Destiny; and
Education of the Human Race. He died
March 21, 1882, in Sheffield, Mass.
DEWING, MRS. MARIA RICHARDS,
artist, was born Oct. 27, 1855, in New
York. She has painted numerous figure
and flower pieces, among which are Vio
lets; and Mother and Child; and a num
ber of portraits, including Portrait of a
Boy; Portrait of Her Father; and Sleep
ing Child.
DEWING, THOMAS WILMER, artist,
was born May 4, 1852, in Boston, Mass.
His more important paintings are Young
Sorcerer; Morning; Prelude; A Garden;
The Days, which gained the Clarke prize;
and Tobias and the Angel.
DE WITT, ALEXANDER, manufac
turer, banker, congressman, was born
April 2, 1797, in Worcester, Mass. He
was a bank president: was a state senator
in 1842. 1844, 1850, and 1851; a member of
the constitutional convention of 1853; and
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1853 to 1857.
DE WITT, BENJAMIN, physician, sci
entist, author, was born in 1774. He was
a New York physician and scientist who
published Oxygen; and Minerals in New
York. He died in 1819, in New York city.
DE WITT. CHARLES, congressman,
was born in 1728. He was a delegate
from New York to the continental con
gress from 1783 to 1785. He died Sept.,
1787, in Kingston, N. Y.
DE WITT, CHARLES G., congressman,
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1829 to 1831; and was ap
pointed charge d'affaires for Central
America in 1833. He died April 13, 1839,
in Newburg, N. Y.
DE WITT, DAVID MILLER, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 25. 1837, In
Paterson, N. J. He was elected district
attorney of Ulster county in 1862, and re-
elected in 1865. He was elected to the
forty-third congress as a democrat.
DE WITT, FRANCIS B., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born March 11,
1849, in Jackson county. Ind. He enlisted
in the forty-sixth Ohio regiment at the
age of twelve, and served at the battle of
Shiloh and during the Corinth campaign.
He was elected on the republican ticket
in 1891 to represent Paulding county in
the Ohio legislature, and re-elected in
1893. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a republican.
DE WITT, JACOB H., congressman,
was born in 1784, in Ulster county, N. Y.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1819 to 1821; and a mem
ber of the New York assembly in 1839 and
in 1847. He died Jan. 30, 1857, in Kings
ton, N. Y.
DE WITT, JOHN, clergyman, educator,
was born August, 1789. in Catskill, N. Y.
In 1825 he assumed the professorship of
belles-lettres, criticism and logic in Rut
gers college. He died Oct. 11, 1831, in
New Brunswick, N. J.
DE WITT, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 19, 1821, in Albany, N. Y.
He is a reformed Dutch clergyman, and
professor in the Theological seminary at
New Brunswick. N. J., in 1863-92. He is
the author of The Sure Foundation and
How to Build on It; The Psalms, a New
Translation; and What is Inspiration?
DE WITT, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1842, in Pennsylvania. He is
a presbyterian clergyman, professor at
Princeton Theological seminary since
1892, and the author of Sermons on the
Christian Life.
DE WITT, JOHN, clergyman, was born
Dec. 23, 1867, in Harrisburg, Pa. He is
an eminent clergyman of Cincinnati, Ohio.
DE WITT, SIMEON, surveyor, author,
was born Dec. 25, 1756, in Ulster county,
N. Y. He was a famous surveyor who is
commonly held responsible for the class
ical nomenclature of places in central and
western New York. He published Ele
ments of Perspective. He died Dec. 3,
1834, in Ithaca, N. Y.
DE WITT, SUSAN LINN, author, poet,
was born in 1778. She wrote Justinea, a
novel; and The Pleasures of Religion, a
poem. She died in 1824.
DE WOLF, AUSTIN, lawyer, author,
was born April 29, 1838, in Deerfleld,
Mass. He is the author of The Town
Meeting, a manual of Massachusetts law.
DE WOLF, EDWARD P., merchant,
was born Jan. 12, 1848, in Chicago, 111.
He attended the public and high schools
of his native city, and for many years was
there engaged in business. His father,
William F. De Wolf, was once city treas
urer and a prominent lawyer of Chicago.
In 1882 he moved to Waukegan, and in
time became prominent as a public cit
izen. In 1895 was elected mayor, and his
administration has been eminently satis
factory. He is a director in the Lake
County Agricultural society, and has held
various other positions of honor.
DE WOLFE, JAMES, United States
senator, was born in 1763, in Bristol, R. I.
He was a senator of the United States
from Rhode Island from 1821 to 1825,
when he resigned. He died Dec. 21, 1837,
in New York city.
DEXTER, FRANKLIN, lawyer, state
legislator, was born Nov. 5, 1793, in Char-
lestown, Mass. He was elected to both
branches of the state legislature. He
served as United States district attorney
from 1841 till 1845, and was re-appointed
by President Taylor in 1849. He died
Aug. 14, 1857, in Beverly, Mass.
DEXTER, HENRY, sculptor, was born
Oct. 1, 1806, in Nelson, N. )(. Among
some of his moaels are President Felton,
Governor Wisner, Joseph Warren, S. P.
Chase, the Governors of 1860, the Pinney
Child, and The Backwoodsman, The
Young Naturalist, and The First Lesson.
His studio was at Cambridge, Mass.
DEXTER, HENRY, president of the
American News company, was born
March 14, 1813, in West Cambridge, Mass.
He originated the conception of the
American News company, which he was
finally able, with the aid of others in the
same business, to realize, in 1864.
DEXTER, HENRY MARTYN, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 13, 1821, in
Plympton, Mass. He was a congrega
tional clergyman of prominence in Bos
ton as editor of The Congregationalist
in 1867-90. His most important work is
The Congregationalism of the Last Three
Hundred Years. He was the author of
Handbook of Congregationalism; Pilgrim
Memoranda; The Verdict of Reason; As
to Roger Williams and His Banishment,
a marked example of special pleading;
History of the Old Plymouth Colony; His
tory and the Study of History; The Right
Use of Books; and The Study of Politics.
He died Nov. 13, 1890, in New Bedford,
Mass.
300
HERKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DEXTER, SAMUEL, merchant, was
born in 1726. He was a member of the
governor's council before the revolution,
and for several years between 1765 and
1775 served on the more important com
mittees of both the house and the coun
cil. He died in 1810, in Mendon, Mass.
DEXTER, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
statesman, author, was born May 14, 1761,
in Boston, Mass. He was a member of
the house of representatives in congress
from Massachusetts from 1793 to 1795,
and was elected to the United States sen
ate, serving from 1799 to 1800. During
the administration of John Adams he was
appointed secretary of war in 1800, and
secretary of the treasury in 1801; and for
a short time had charge of the depart
ment of state. . He was the author of
Letters on Free Masonry; Progress of Sci
ence, a poem; and Speeches and Political
Papers. He died May 3, 1816, in Athens,
N. Y.
DEXTER, SEYMOUR, lawyer, legis
lator, banker, jurist, was born March 20,
1841, in Independence, N. Y. He served
as a soldier in the civil war; has been a
member of the New York state assembly;
has been county judge, and judge of the
circuit court. He is also a prominent
banker of Elmira.
DEXTER, SIMON NEWTON, manufac
turer, was born May 11, 1785, in Provi
dence, R. I. He was president of the
Whitestown bank in 1833-53; canal com
missioner in 1840; and manager of the
state lunatic asylum from 1849 till 1862.
He died Nov. 18, 1862, in Whitesboro,
N. Y.
DEXTER, TIMOTHY, merchant, au
thor, was born Jan. 22, 1743, in Maiden,
Mass. He has attained prominence as a
successful merchant of Charlestown,
Mass. He was the author of a work en
titled A Pickle For the Knowing One.
He died Oct. 22, 1806, in Newburyport,
Mass.
DEXTER, WILLIAM HENRY, mer
chant, was born Jan. 11, 1823, In Charlton,
Mass. In 1873 he was made councilman
in the Massachusetts government, and
again in 1877. In 1874 he was elected a
trustee of the Worcester academy and for
many years was its treasurer.
DEYO, ISRAEL T., educator, lawyer,
legislator, was born Jan. 28, 1854, in
Union, N. Y. He was professor in New
York state normal school. He was ad
mitted to the bar in 1883 at Albany, N. Y.,
and during 1890-93 was a member of the
New York state legislature.
DE YOUNG, MICHAEL HENRY, jour
nalist, was born in 1848, In St. Louis, Mo.
Since 1879 the San Francisco Chronicle
has been conducted solely by M. H. De
Young, who has made it the largest and
probably the most prosperous west of St.
Louis. He has served several times on
the republican national committee, and
been prominently named for United
States senator.
DEZENDORF, JOHN F., surveyor, con
gressman, was born Aug. 10, 1834, in
Lansingburg, N. Y. In 1863 he moved to
Norfolk. Va. He was assistant assessor
of internal revenue from 1869 to 1871;
and was a delegate to the republican na
tional convention of 1876. He was de
feated for congress in 1878; and was
elected a representative from Virginia to
the forty-seventh congress as a repub
lican.
DIAZ, MRS. ABBY MORTON, author,
was born in 1821, in Massachusetts. She
is a Boston writer who in youth was one
of the famous company at Brook farm,
and has since been prominent in relation
to social reforms. Her books for juvenile
readers, which are characterized by a
strong vein of humor, include The Wiliam
Henry Letters; William Henry and His
Friends; Chronicles of the Stimpcett
Family; The Cats' Arabian Nights; The
John Spicer Lectures; Liu;y Maria; Polly
Cologne; Jimmyjohns; A Story-book for
Children. Other works are Bybury to
Beacon Street, a discussion of social top
ics; Domestic Problems; and Only a Flock
of Women.
*~DIBBLE. SAMUEL, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 16, 1837, in
Charleston, S. C. He served in the con
federate army during the war of the re
bellion; and was elected a representative
In the state legislature in 1877. He was
elected to the forty-eighth, forty-ninth,
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as a
democrat.
DIBBLE, SHELDON, missionary, au
thor, was born Jan. 23, 1809, in Skan-
eateles, N. Y. He was a missionary to
the Sandwich Islands, who published His
tory of the Sandwich Island Missions. He
died Jan. 22, 1845, in the Hawaiian Is
lands.
DIBRELL, GEORGE GIBBS, soldier,
merchant, congressman, was born April
12, 1822, in White county, Tenn. In 1861
was elected to the legislature, but volun
teered in the confederate service, and was
made brigadier-general in 1864. He was
elected president of the Southwestern
railroad; and in 1874 was elected a repre
sentative from Tennessee to the forty-
fourth congress; and was re-elected to the
forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh and
forty-eighth congresses as a democrat.
DIBRELL, JAMES A., physician, sur
geon, was born Aug. 20, 1846, in Van
Ruren, Ark. In 1865 he commenced the
study of medicine, and five years later
graduated from the university of Pennsyl
vania, in which institution he subse
quently attended a course of lectures. In
1870 he commenced the practice of his
profession in Little Rock, Ark., and has
been eminently successful. For fifteen
years he was physician to the Arkansas
Deaf and Mute institute; and is now pro
fessor of anatomy, president and dean of
the medical department of Arkansas In
dustrial university; also local surgeon for
several railroads, and United States ex
amining surgeon for pensions.
DICHMAN, ERNEST, naval officer,
lawyer, banker, was born in 1845. He
served in the South Atlantic squadron
until the close of the civil war; rose,
through the intermediate grades, to the
rank of lieutenant-commander. He was
tlnited States minister to Columbia from
1878 to 1881.
DICK, JAMES T., artist, was born in
1834, in New York city. He was one of
the originators of the Brooklyn art school
and a founder of the academy of design.
Among his best efforts are Cooling Off:
Leap-Frog; and At Mischief. He died
Jan. 19, 1868, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
DICK, JOHN, jurist. He was a citizen
of Louisiana, and in 1821 was appointed
judge of the United States court for the
District of Louisiana.
DICK, JOHN, merchant, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a
member of congress from that state In
1854 and 1855; and was re-elected to the
thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
DICK, ROBERT P., lawyer, jurist, state
senator, was born Oct. 5, 1823, in Greens
boro, N. C. He was appointed United
States district attorney for the district of
North Carolina in 1853, and remained in
that office until 1861. He was elected a
delegate to the state constitutional con
vention of 1861 and 1865. He was a state
senator in 1864-65; was an associate jus
tice of the supreme court of North Caro
lina in 1868-72; when he was appointed
United States district judge for the west
ern district of. North Carolina.
DICK, SAMUEL, physician, congress
man. He was a delegate >.o the conti
nental congress from New Jersey in 1783
and 1784. He died in November, 1812, in
New Jersey.
DICK, SAMUEL B., soldier, congress
man, was born Oct. 26, 1836, in Meadville,
Pa. He was a presidential elector in
1864; and was mayor of his native city
in 1870. He commanded a brigade of
Pennsylvania state militia in West Vir
ginia in 1873; and was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the forty-
sixth congress.
DICK, WALLACE PE'iER, educator,
composer, was born Sept. 9, 1857, in Low
ell, Mass. In 1891 he accepted the posi
tion of professor of languages in the state
normal school at Westchester, Pa. He is
a thorough musician, and has composed
a number of instrumental pieces and sev
eral songs, among the most popular of
which are Little Sunbeam; and Light of
My Life.
DICKENS, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
North Carolina during the years 1816 and
1817.
DICKENSON, ANNA ELIZABETH, lec
turer, author, was born Oct. 28, 1842, In
Philadelphia, Pa. She gained great dis
tinction during the civil war by her pub
lic speeches against slavery, and has been
considered one of the most popular lec
turers of the United States.
DICKENSON, BAXTER, clergyman,
author, was born In 1795, in Massachu
setts. He was a congregational clergy
man of Boston, and the author of Letters
to Students. He died in 1875.
DICKENSON, DANIEL S., lawyer,
statesman, was born Sept. 11, 1800, in
Goshen, Conn, he became so distin
guished for his Biblical knowledge and
apt quotations irom the Scripture in his
speeches in senate and court, that his
friends familiarly applied to him the sob
riquet of Scripture Dick. He died April
12, 1866.
DICKERMAN, BENONI, poet, was born
July 9, 1810, in Naugatuc, Conn. He is
the author of a volume entitled The
Blood-Stained Cross; and also two book
lets, besides various lyrics, psalms,
hymns and spiritual songs.
DICKERMAN, CHARLES HEBER,
manufacturer, banker, was born Feb. 3,
1843, in Hartford, Pa. He is secretary
and treasurer of Murray, Dougal and Co.^
Limited, manufacturers of freight cars;
and president of the First National bank
of Milton, Pa.
DICKERMAN, WATSON BRADLEY,
stockbroker, was born Jan. 4, 1846, in
Mount Carmel, Conn. He established the
firm of Dominick and Dickerman in New
York city. In 1890 and 1891 he was elect
ed president of the Stock Exchange, and
he is president of the Norfolk and South
ern railroad.
DICKERSON, JAMES STOKES, clergy
man, journalist, was born July 6, 1825, in
Philadelphia, Pa. Removing in 1875 to
Chicago, he became joint proprietor and
editor of the Standard, a baptist weekly
paper. He died in March, 1876, in Chi
cago, 111.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DICKERSON, MAHLON, lawyer, jurist,
governor, United States senator, was
born Anril 17, 1770, in Morris county,
,N. J. He was re
corder of the city of
Philadelphia, and
subsequently quar-
tefmaster-general of
the state. He re
turned to New Jer
sey, and was elected
to the legislature of
that state. He was
judge of the su
preme court of New
Jersey; was elected
governor of that
state in 1815, and held the office until
1817, when he was chosen United States
senator from New Jersey, and continued
in that office for sixteen years. In 1834
he became secretary of the navy in the
cabinet of President Jackson, and held
that office until 1838, some two years after
the accession of President Van Buren.
For two years he was president of the
American institute. He died Oct. 5, 1853,
in Morris county, N. J.
DICKERSON, PHILEMON, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, governor, was born in
1788, in Morris county, N. J. He was a
representative in congress from the Pat-
erson district, in that state, from 1833 to
1835, and again from 1839 to 1841. ,In
1836 he was governor of New Jersey; and
was subsequently appointed judge of the
United States district court for New Jer
sey. He died Dec. 10, 1862, in Paterson,
N. J.
DICKERSON, W. W., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Nov. 29,
1851, in Grant county, Ky. He was elect
ed county attorney in 1874 for a term of
four years; and was elected a member of
the state house of representatives in 1885.
He was elected a member of the state sen
ate in 1887 for a term of four years. He
was elected as a democrat to the fifty-first
congress in 1890. and was re-elected to
the fifty-second congress.
DICKERSON, WILLIAM FISHER,
bishop, was born Jan. 18, 1844, in Wood-
bury, N. J. In 1880 he was elected thir
teenth bishop and given charge of the
work in South Carolina and Georgia. He
founded Allen university, Columbia, S. C.,
in 1880, of which he was president for
four years. He died in December, 1884,
in Columbia, S. C.
DICKEY, EBENEZER, clergyman, au
thor, was born March 12, 1772, near Ox
ford, ra. He published A Tract to Par
ents; a pamphlet entitled Plea for Chris
tian Communion; and wrote for the
Christian Advocate a series of letters on
Travels in Europe for Health in 1820, that
were widely read. He died May 31, 1831,
in Oxford, Pa.
DICKEY, HENRY L., civil engineer,
lawyer state senator, congressman, was
born Oct. 29, 1832, in South Salem, Ohio.
He was a representative in the state leg
islature in 1861; was a state senator m
1867 and 1868; ana was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-fifth and
forty-sixth congresses as a democrat.
DICKEY, JESSE C., congressman! was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1849 to 1851.
DICKEY JOHN, congressman. He was
a member of congress from Pennsylvania
from 1843 to 1845, and from 1847 to 1849.
At the time of his death he was United
States marshal for western Pennsylvania.
He died March 14, 1853, in Beaver county,
Pa.
DICKEY, JOHN McELROY, clergyman,
author, was born Dec. 16, 1789, in York
district, S. C. He went on missionary
tours, organized many new churches in
Indiana, and his connection with the be
ginnings of the presbyterian church in
that territory caused him to be widely
known in his denomination. He pub
lished a History of the Presbyterian
Church in Indiana, and was preparing a
fontinuation of it at the time of his
death. He died Nov. 21, 1849, near Wash
ington, Ind.
DICKEY, JOHN MILLER, clergyman,
educator, was born Dec. 15, 1806, in Ox
ford, Pa. He conducted the Oxford Fe
male seminary for fifteen years in addi
tion to his pastoral duties. He took the
principal part in establishing the Ash-
mun institute, afterward Lincoln univer
sity, at Oxford, and was president of the
board of trustees from 1854 till his death.
He died March 21, 1878, in Philadelphia,
Pa.
DICKEY, MOSES R., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Nov. 4, 1827, in Richland
county, Ohio. He served as lieutenant-
colonel in the fifteenth regiment Ohio vol
unteer infantry, and as colonel in the
same regiment. He has served as judge
of court of common pleas.
DICKEY, OLIVER J., lawyer, congress
man, was born April 6, 1823, in Brighton,
Pa. He was district attorney for Lan
caster county from 1856 to 1859; was
elected to fill a vacancy in the fortieth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
first and forty-second congresses as a re
publican.
DICKEY, THEOPHILUS LYLE, law
yer, jurist, was born Nov. 12, 1812, near
Paris, Ky. He read law in his native
state, removed to Ohio, liberated the
slaves that he had inherited, and after
ward established himself in practice in
Illinois. During the Mexican war he
served as a captain in Colonel Hardin's
regiment, and in the civil war he was
colonel of the eleventh Illinois cavalry,
and served for two years under General
Grant, on whose staff he served for some
months as chief of cavalry. From 1868
till the close of President Johnson's ad
ministration he was assistant attorney-
general of the United States. From 1876
till his death he was judge of the Illinois
supreme court. He died July 22, 1885, in
Atlantic City, N. J.
DICKIE, SAMUEL, astronomer, lec
turer, was born June 6, 1851, in Oxford
county, Canada. For ten years he was
professor of astronomy and physics in the
Albion college, Mich. He is prominent in
political affairs as a prohibitionist; and
has lectured extensively on scientific sub
jects.
DICKINS, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 24, 1747, in London, Eng
land. He suggested the plan of Cokes-
bury college, New Abingdon, Md., the first
methodist academic institution in this
country. He issued the Arminian Maga
zine in Philadelphia in 1789-90, and the
Methodist Magazine from 1797 till his
death. He died Sept. 27, 1798, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
DICKINSON, ALFRED ELIJAH, cler
gyman, was born Dec. 3, 1830, in Orange
county, Va. He associated himself with
the Rev. Dr. Jeter as joint owner and ed
itor of the Religious Herald, of Rich
mond, Va., and since the death of Dr.
Jeter has been editor-in-chief of that jour
nal.
DICKINSON, ANDREW GLASSEL, sol
dier, was born April 15, 1835, in Bowling
Green, Va. He served through the civil
war as a confederate; and for gallant and
meritorious services received the rank of
colonel.
DICKINSON, ANNA ELIZABETH, suf
fragist, lecturer, author, was born Oct.
28, 1842, in Philadelphia, Pa. She is a
famous lecturer, and the author of A Pay
ing Investment, a Plea for Education; A
Ragged Register of People, Places and
Opinions; What Answer? a novel; and
two plays, Mary Tudor; The Crown of
Thorns.
DICKINSON, CHARLES MONROE,
journalist, poet, was born in November,
1842, in Lowville, N. Y. He is the editor
and proprietor of the Binghamton Re
publican, one of the most influential
newspapers in the state of New York. He
is the author of a volume of poems en
titled The Children, and Other Verses.
DICKINSON, CORNELIUS EVARTS,
clergyman, author, was born April 23,
1835, in Heath, Mass. He has filled pas
torates in the congregational church at
Oak Park and Elgin, 111., and at Marietta,
Ohio. He is the author of A Century of
Church Work.
DICKINSON, DANIEL STEVENS, law
yer, jurist, congressman, United States
senator, author, was born Sept. 11, 1800,
in Goshen, Conn. In 1836 he was elected
to the state senate, serving from 1837 to
1840; was judge of the court of errors
from 1836 to 1841; and from 1842 to 1844
was president of that court. He was lieu
tenant-governor and president of the sen
ate. He was a senator in congress from
New York from 1844 to 1851. He was a
delegate to the Baltimore conventions of
1848 and 1852; and in 1861 was elected
attorney-general of the state of New
York. He was a delegate to the Balti
more convention of 1864; and in 1865 was
appointed United States district attorney
for the southern district of New York.
His Speeches and Correspondence, with a
biography of him by his brother, ap
peared in 1867. He died April 12, 1866, in
New York city.
DICKINSON, DAVID W., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1833 to 1835; and again
from 1843 to 1845. He died April 27, 1845.
in Franklin, Tenn.
DICKINSON, DONALD McDONALD,
cabinet officer, lawyer, politician, was
born Jan. 17, 1847, in Port Ontario, N. Y.
In 1888 he became postmaster-general of
the United States.
DICKINSON, EDWARD, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 1,
1803, in Amherst, Mass. He was a mem
ber of the state legislature in 1838 and
1839; of the state senate in 1842 and 1843;
of the governor's council in 1846 and 1847;
and was a representative in congress from
1853 to 1855. He was again elected to the
state legislature in 1873. He died June
16, 1874.
DICKINSON, EDWARD F., soldier,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Jan. 21, 1829, in Fremont, Ohio. He served
three years in the union army as a lieu
tenant and regimental quartermaster. He
was elected judge of probate for Sandusky
county in 1866; and was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-first con
gress as a democrat.
DICKINSON, EMILY, poet, was born
in 1830, in Massachusetts. She was a poet
whose entire life was passed in Amherst,
Mass., in great seclusion, and who rarely
published any of her work. Since her
death attention has been drawn to the
strikingly original nature of her poetry
by the publication of three volumes of
poems, selected from her manuscripts.
She died in 1886.
302
HEKRINOSHAVS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DICKINSON, HESTER A., journalist,
poet, was born in Ohio. She is the author
of two volumes of poems entitled Vesta;
and Fagots. She is engaged in newspaper
work, and president of the Pacific Coast
Women's Press association.
DICKINSON, JOHN, lawyer, congress
man, author, 'was born Nov. 13, 1732, in
Maryland. In 1764 he was a member of
the assembly, and in
1765 of the general
congress. He was a
delegate to the con
tinental congress
from 1774 to 1776.
From 1776 to 1777 he
was a delegate to
congress from Dela
ware, and again
from 1779 to 1780,
and signed the ar
ticles of confedera
tion as well as the
constitution. In 1781 he was president of
that state; and in 1782 was chosen presi
dent of Pennsylvania, and filled that of
fice until 1785. He was a political writer
of great influence during the period of the
revolution. Dickinson college, which he
helped to found, was named in his honor.
He wrote vigorously against the stamp
act, and his various state papers display
both eloquence and dignity. His works
are Petition to the King; Second Petition
to the King; Letters from a Pennsylvania
Farmer; Letters of Fabius. He died Feb.
14, 1808, in Wilmington.
DICKINSON, JOHN D., congressman,
was born in 1767, in Middlesex county,
Conn. He was a member of congress from
New York from 1819 to 1823, and again
from 1827 to 1831. He died Jan. 28, 1841,
in Troy, N. Y.
DICKINSON, JONATHAN, jurist, au
thor, was born in England. He was a
chief justice of Pennsylvania, who came
to the colony in 1696. His book, entitled
God's Protecting Providence Man's Surest
Help in Times of Danger, is a narrative
of personal adventure, and has been sev
eral times reprinted since its first appear
ance in 1699. He died in 1722.
DICKINSON, JONATHAN, clergyman,
college president, author, was born April
22, 1688, in Hatfleld, Mass. He was a
Presbyterian clergyman of Elizabethtown,
N. J., who was one of tiie chief American
theologians of his day, and the first presi
dent of the college of New Jersey, now
Princeton college. He was the author of
Familiar Letters Upon Important Sub
jects in Religion; Reasonableness of
Christianity; and True Scripture Doc
trine. He died Oct. 17, 1747, in Elizabeth-
town, N. J.
DICKINSON, JULIAN G., soldier, law
yer, was born Nov. 20, 1843, in Erie coun
ty, N. Y. He received his education in
the union schools of Jonesville and Jack
son, Mich.; and in 1856 graduated from
the university of Michigan. He served
as a union soldier during the civil war;
served three years in the army of the
Cumberland; was promoted to adjutant
of the fourth regiment Michigan cavalry,
and brevetted captain United States vol
unteers for meritorious service in the cap
ture of Jefferson Davis, May 10, 1865.
Since 1867 he has practiced law In Detroit,
Mich., and has attained eminent success
in his profession.
DICKINSON, MARQUIS FAYETTE.
educator, business man, lawyer, was born
Jan. 16. 1840, in Amherst. Mass. He is
descended from Nathaniel Dickinson, one
of the Winthrop colony of 1630. who set
tled Weathersfield, Conn., and in 1658
was one of the adventurers who founded
the town of Hadley, Mass. The subject of
this sketch received a thorough educa
tion, and graduated from the Williston
seminary in 1858; from Amherst college
in 1862; and studied law at the Harvard
law school. He was a teacher of classics
in the Williston seminary during 1862-65;
was a trustee of that institution; and was
a member of the boaru of overseers of
charity fund of Amherst college. He has
been president of the Nashawannuck
Manufacturing company, and a director
of the Williston mills, both of Easthamp-
ton, Mass.; and president of the Whit-
comb Envelope company. He is now a
noted lawyer of Boston, Mass; was presi
dent of the Boston common council in
1872; and has filled numerous public po
sitions of honor in his native state. He
is the author of Legislation on the Hours
of Labor; and Amherst Centennial Ad
dress.
DICKINSON, PHILEMON, soldier, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born April 5, 1739, in Dover, Del. He
commanded the Jersey militia at the bat
tle of Monmouth; and was a delegate
from Delaware to the continental congress
from 1782 to 1783. After the organization
of the national government in its pres
ent form, he was appointed a senator in
congress from 1790 to 1793. He died Feb.
4, 1809, in Trenton, N. J.
DICKINSON, RICHARD WILLIAM,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 21,
1804, in New York city. He was a presby-
terian clergyman of New York city, and
the author of Scenes from Sacred His
tory; Responses from the Sacred Oracles;
Religious Teaching by Example; Life and
Times of John Howard; and The Resur
rection of Christ Historically and Logic
ally Viewed. He died Aug. 16, 1874, in
Fordham, N. Y.
DICKINSON, RODOLPHUS, clergy
man, author, was born in 1787, in Deer-
field, Mass. He was an episcopal clergy
man in Deerfield, Mass., who published a
much criticised New and Corrected Ver
sion of the New Testament; and Geo
graphical and Statistical View of Massa
chusetts. He died in 1863, in Deerfield,
Mass.
DICKINSON, RUDOLi-rilio, congress
man, was born in Massacnusetts. Having
removed to Ohio, he was elected a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1847 to 1849. He died in August,
1849.
DICKSON, ANDREW FLINN, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 9, 1825, in
Charleston, S. C. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Alabama, and the author of
Plantation Sermons; The Temptation in
the Desert; and The Light, is It Waning?
He died in 1879, in Tuscaloosa, Ala.
DICKSON, CYRUS, clergyman, was
born Dec. 20, 1816, in Erie county, Pa.
He was chosen permanent clerk of the
general assembly, and soon afterward
secretary of the board of home missions,
also representing the board at the pan-
presbyterian council in Edinburgh, Scot
land, in 1877. He died Sept. 11, 1881, in
Baltimore, Md.
DICKSON, DAVID, congressman. He
was a member of congress from Missis
sippi in 1835 and 1836. He died July 31,
1836, in Little Rock, Ark.
DICKSON, JOHN, lawyer, congress
man, author, was born in 1783, in Keene,
N. H. He was a New York congressman,
early prominent in opposition to slavery,
and served in congress during 1831-35.
He is the author of Remarks on the Pre
sentation of Petitions for the Abolition of
Slavery in the District of Columbia. He
died Feb. 22, 1852, in West Bloomfield,
N. Y.
DICKSON, JOHN J., soldier, farmer,
poet, was born Sept. 8, 1826, in Scott coun
ty, Ind. During the civil war he was with
Sherman's army on its famous march to
the sea. He is a successful farmer of
West Grove, Iowa; has gained a reputa
tion as a poet; and some of his produc
tions appear in Poets of America and
other standard works.
' DICKSON, SAMUEL, physician, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from New York during the thir
ty-fourth congress.
DICKSON, SAMUEL HENRY, educator,
physician, author, was born Sept. 20, 1798,
in Charleston, S. C. He was a physician
of eminence in Charleston, and after
wards in Philadelphia, where, from 1858
to 1872 he was a professor in the Jeffer
son Medical college. He was the autnor
of Essays on Life, Sleep, Pain and Death;
On the Correlation of Forces; ^Esthetics
of Suicide; Elements of Medicine; Den
gue, its History, Pathology, and Treat
ment; Manual of Pathology; Practice of
Medicine; Essays on Pathology and
Therapeutics; and Studies in Pathology
and Therapeutics. He died March 31,
1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DICKSON, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1801 to 1807.
DIDIER, EUGENE LEMOINE, journal
ist, author, was born Dec. 22, 1838, in
Baltimore, Md. He is the author of Life
of Poe; Life and Letters of Madame
Bonaparte; Primer of Criticism; and The
Political Adventures of James G. Blaine.
DIDIER, FRANKLIN JAMES, phy
sician, author, was born in 1794, in Balti
more, Md. He was a Baltimore physician
who was the autnor of Didier's Letters
from Paris; and Franklin's Letters to His
Kinsfolk. He died in 1840, in Baltimore,
Md.
DIEKEMA, GERRIT J., lawyer, state
legislator, was born March 27, 1859, in
Holland, Mich. He is a successful lawyer
of Holland; served with distinction as a
member of the Michigan state legislature
during 1885-92; and was speaker of the
house in 1889.
DIELMAN, FREDERICK, artist, was
born Dec. 25, 1847, in Germany. He
served as a topographer and draughtsman
of United States engineers in Fortress
Monroe and Baltimore, and in the survey
of canal routes over the Alleghanies of
Virginia.
DIbTERICH, LOUIS PHILIP, artist,
was born April 8, 1842, in Germany. He
studied in the best schools of Baltimore,
Md., and has attained prominence as a.
portrait painter.
DIETZ, ELLA, poet. She is the author
of a volume of poems entitled The Tri
umph of Time.
DILL, JAMES HERON HORTON, cler
gyman, was born Jan. 1, 1821, in Ply
mouth, Mass. He filled a pastorate in
Spencerport, N. Y., for eight years, then
moved to Chicago, where he became pas
tor of the South Congregational church.
He died Jan. 14, 1S63.
DILLARD, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 23, 1846, m Amherst coun
ty, Va. He received his education at the
Virginia Military institute and at the uni
versity of Virginia. He has attained
prominence as an able lawyer of his na
tive state; and since 1880 has served with
distinction as judge of Amherst county
court, Va.
DILLAYE, STEPHEN DEVALSON, au
thor, was born in 1820, in New York. He
was the author of The Money and Fi
nances of the French Revolution in 1789.
He died in 1884.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN JtlOGRAFHY.
302
DILLER, JOSEPH SILAS, educator,
geologist, author, was born Aug. 27, 1850,
in Plainfield, Pa. In 1883 he became as
sistant geologist on the United States
geological survey, and in that capacity
has traveled extensively throughout the
United States. He is the author of Notes
on the Geology of the Troad; Diamonds
in the United States; and Notes on the
Geology of Northern California.
DILLINGHAM, FRED AUGUSTINE,
clergyman, author, was born Jan. 27, 1851,
in Auburn, Maine. He is a distinguished
clergyman of New England; fills a pas
torate in Bridgeport, Conn.; and is the
author of a work entitled Life of Jesus.
DILLINGHAM, PAUL, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, governor, was
born in August, 1800, in Shutesbury,
Mass. He was justice of the peace eight
een years; was state's attorney for Wash
ington county from 1835 to 1838; and was
a member of the constitutional conven
tion in 1836 and 1837. He was a repre
sentative to the general assembly six
years; state senator in 1841 and 1842; and
was elected a representative in congress
from 1843 to 1847; and was elected gov
ernor of Vermont for the year 1866.
DILLMAN, FREDERICK, artist, was
born Dec. 25, 1847, in Germany. He stud
ied art in the Royal academy of Munich,
and was secretary of the international
board of jury for fine arts at the World's
Columbian exposition.
DILLON, JOHN FORREST, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Dec. 25, 1831, in
Washington county, N. Y. He went to
Iowa, and was elected prosecuting at
torney; in 1858 judge of the seventh ju
dicial district of Iowa; and re-elected in
1862 for a second term. In 1869 he was
commissioned United States circuit judge
for the eighth judicial circuit. Since 1879
he has resided in New York city. He is
the author of United States Circuit Court
Reports; Municipal Corporations; Re
moval of Causes from State to Federal
Courts; Municipal Bonds; and Laws and
Jurisprudence of England and America.
DILLON, ROBERT MATHEW, clergy
man, theologian, was born Oct. 29, 1859,
in Madison, Ind. He attended Oberlin
college in 1883-84; Hanover college in
1884-89; and McCorrnick Theological sem
inary of Chicago in 1889-92. He then en
tered the presbyterian ministry, and has
filled pastorates in Greencastle, Ind., and
Bowling Green, Ohio. He has contributed
extensively to religious literature.
DILLON, SIDNEY, railroad president,
was born May 7, 1812, in Northampton,
N. Y. He was twice president, at inter
vals, of the Union Pacific railroad, and
other railroad systems. He died June 9,
1892, in New York city.
DILLWYN, GEORGE, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 26, 173a, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was the author of Dillwyn's
Reflections. He died June 23, 1821.
DIMAN, BYRON, manufacturer, state
senator, governor, was born in 1795, in
Bristol, R. I. He was for many years
either a state senator or a member of the
lower house, and was lieutenant-governor
of the state for three years. In 1846 he
was elected governor. He died Aug. 1,
1865, in Bristol, R. I.
DIMAN, JEREMIAH LEWIS, educator,
clergyman, author, was born May 1, 1831,
in Bristol, R. I. He was a congregational
clergyman, who was professor of history
and political economy in Brown univer
sity from 1864. He is the author of Ora
tions and Essays; The Theistic Argument
as Affected by Recent Theories. He died
Feb. 3, 1881, in Providence, R. I.
DIMICK. JUSTIN, soldier, was bom
Aug. 5, 1800, in Hartford county, Conn.
He served with distinction during the
civil war; and in 1865 received the brevet
of brigadier-general in the United States
army. From 1864 until his death he was
governor of the Soldiers' home, near
Washington, D. C. He died in October,
1871.
DIMITRY, ALEXANDER, educator,
was born Feb. 7, 1805, iu New Orleans,
La. In 1842 he organized the free school
system in Louisiana, and for three years
was state superintendent of public in
struction. Under the confederate gov
ernment he was chief of the finance bu
reau in the postofllce department. He
was afterward prominently identified
with educational work, and in 1870 was
elected professor of ancient languages in
the Christian Brothers college of .Missis
sippi. He died Jan. 30, 1883.
DIMITRY, CHARLES PATTON, sol
dier, journalist, author, was born July 31,
1837, in Washington, D. C. During the
civil war he served in the confederate
army as a private in the Louisiana
Guards. Since the war he has been con
nected with the press of Baltimore, Wash
ington, Richmond and New Orleans. He
is the author of Guilty or Not Guilty;
Angela's Christmas; The Alderly Trag
edy; and The House in Balfour Street.
DIMITRY, JOHN BULL SMITH, jour
nalist, author, was born Dec. 27, 1835, in
Washington, D. C. he served as a con
federate soldier during the civil war. For
seven years he was the dramatic and lit
erary critic of the New Orleans Times;
and during 1881-89 was editorially con
nected with the New York Mail and Ex
press. He is the author of History and
Geography of Louisiana from Its Earliest
Settlement to the Close of the Civil War.
DIMM, JONATHAN ROSE, educator,
clergyman, college president, was born
Aug. 28, 1830, in Hughesville, Pa. He was
principal of the Missionary institute of
Selins Grove, Pa., for twelve years, up to
1894, when he became president of that
institution, which developed into the Sus-
quehanna university.
DIMMICK, FRANCIS MARION, clergy
man, was born Jan. 23, 1827, in Union-
dale, Pa. For a while he taught school;
and graduated in 1860 from the Lane
Theological seminary of Cincinnati, Ohio.
He tnen went to Omaha, Neb., where he
organized the First Presbyterian church,
of which he was pastor for twelve years.
In 1872 he moved to Santa Rosa, Cal., and
in 1884 to Los Angeles, where he estab
lished the Grand View Presbyterian
church, of which he is still pastor.
DIMMICK, MILO M., congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1849 to 1853. He died Nov. 21, 1872,
in Mauch Chunk, Pa.
DIMMICK, WILLIAM H., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Dec. 20,
1815, in Milford, Pa. He was prosecuting
attorney for the commonwealth of Penn
sylvania for Wayne county in 1836 and
1837; and was a member of fhe state sen
ate in 1845, 1846 and 1847. He was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania in
the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses. He died Aug. 2, 1861, in Hones-
dale, Pa.
DIMMOCK, GEORGE, zoologist, author,
was born May 17, 1852, in Springfield,
Mass. He received his education at Har
vard college and the universities of Paris
and Leipzic. He has written consider
ably on biological subjects, especially on
insects. For a number of years he was
editor of Psyche, a journal of entomology.
He is the author of Anatomy of Mouth
Parts of Some Insects of the Order of
Diptera. He is also the author of a gene
alogical work on the Dimmock family.
DIMOCK, DAVIS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1841 to 1842. He died
Jan. lo, 1842.
DIMON, NATHAN H., soldier, educator,
clergyman, poet, was born Nov. 18, 1846,
in Bridge Hampton, N. Y. In 1861 he en
listed and served for three years as a
private in company G, eighty-first regi
ment New York infantry, and was wound
ed at the battle of Cold Harbor, Va. For
many years he was engaged in educational
work, and since 1873 nas been a baptist
clergyman.
DIMOND, FRANCIS M., governor. He
was governor of Rhode Island for one
year, beginning in 1853.
DINGEE, WILLIAM JACKSON, cap
italist, philanthropist, was born July 22,
1853, near Philadelphia, Pa. He was
organizer of the Piedmont Water compa
ny in 1891, and was its president until
1894.
DINGLEY, E. N., journalist, politician,
was born Aug. 21, 1862, in Auburn, Maine.
Since 1888 he has been the editor and part
owner of the Daily Telegraph of Kalama-
zoo, Mich. In 1897 he was elected presi
dent of the Michigan republican league,
and takes an active part in political af
fairs.
DINGLEY, NELSON, lawyer, journal
ist, congressman, governor, was born Feb.
15, 1832, in Durham, Maine. In 1856 he
became the proprie
tor and editor of the
Lewiston Journal.
Between the years
1862 and 1873 he was
six times elected to
the state legislature,
serving as speaker
in 1863 and 1864. In
1873 and also in 1874
he was elected gov
ernor of Maine. He
was a delegate to the
republican national
convention of 1876; and was elected a
representative from Maine to the forty-
seventh congress, to fill a vacancy; and
was re-elected to the forty-eighth, forty-
ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fif
ty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a republican.
DINNIES, MRS. ANNA PEYRE
SHACKELFORD, poet, was born in 1816
in Georgetown, S. C. She was a poet of
New Orleans who published The Floral
Year, a collection of one hundred poems.
She died Aug. 8, 1886, in New Orleans, La.
DINSMOOR, ROBERT, poet, author,
was born Oct. 7, 1757, in Windham, N. H.
He was known as The Rustic Bard, and
published Incidental Poems, strongly imi
tative of Burns. He died in 1836.
DINSMOOR, SAMUEL, soldier, jurist,
congressman, governor, author, was born
July 1, 1766, in Londonderry, N. H. He
was for many years a major-general of
militia; a presidential elector in 1821;
and a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from i811 to 1813. He
was a judge of probate; and served as
governor of his native state during the
years 1831-1833. He died March 15, 1835,
at Keene, N. H.
DINSMOOR, SAMUEL, lawyer, gover
nor, was born May 8, 1799, in Keene, N.
H. He was governor of New Hampshire
from 1849 to 1853. He died Feb. 24, 1869,
in Keene, N. H.
304
IIKKRINCSHAWS KNC'Yl'l.< (PKD1 A OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DINSMORE, MRS. B. A., educator, poet,
was born in 1836 in Guilford, Maine. She
is a teacher of vocal music in Foxcroft,
Maine; and has written a number of
meritorious poems.
DINSMORE, HUGH ANDERSON, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 24, 1850,
in Benton county, Ark. In 1878 he was
ejected prosecuting
attorney of the
fourth judicial dis
trict of Arkansas;
was re-elected in
1880, and again with
out opposition in
1882. In 1887 he was
appointed minister
resident and con
sul-general of tne
United States in the
kingdom of Korea
and served in that
capacity until 1890. He was elected to the
fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a democrat.
DINSMORE, WILLIAM B., president of
the Adams Express company, was born in
1810, in Boston, Mass. He made the ac
quaintance of Alvin Adams, who sent him
to New York to take charge of the Adams
express business there. He afterward took
John Hoey into his employment, and
from that time these two men toiled un
tiringly to build up the Adams Express
company. In a few years they had ex
tended the route of the company to all
parts of the country. He died April 20,
1888, in New York city.
DIRCK, CORNELIUS LANSING, cler
gyman, author, was born March 3, 1785,
in Lansingburg, N. Y. He was a presby-
terian clergyman for many years con
nected with Auburn Theological semi
nary, who published Sermons on Impor
tant Subjects. He died March 19, 1857.
DISHAROON, JOHN H., educator, was
born Aug. 17, 1873, in Marble Hill, Ga.
He has attained success as an educator,
And is now engaged in that profession at
Huntsville, Tex.
DISNEY, DAVID T., state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1803, in Balti
more, Md. He moved to Cincinnati, Ohio,
in 1820; was frequently a member of the
state legislature of Ohio, and three times
elected speaker. He represented his
adopted state in congress from 1849 to
1855. He died March 14, 1857, in Wash
ington, D. C.
DISC-SWAY, GABRIEL POILLON, anti
quarian, author, was born Dec. 6, 1799, in
New York city. He was an antiquary of
New York city, and the author of The
Children's Book of Sermons; and The
Earliest Churches of New York and its
Vicinity. He died July 9, 1868, in Staten
Island, N. Y.
DISSTON, HENRY, manufacturer, in
ventor, was born May 21, 1819, in Eng
land. He invented more than twenty im
provements in saw manufacture, among
them the movable or inserted teeth. He
was the inventor and manufacturer of
the Disston saw. He died March 16, 1878,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
DISTURNELL, JOHN, journalist, au
thor, was born Oct. 6, 1801, in New York
city. He was a map publisher of New
York city who was an industrious com
piler of guide books and similar litera
ture. He is the author of New York as
it Was and Is, 1876; Influence of Climate
in North and South America; The Great
Lakes of America; and Traveller's Guide
to Hudson River; Tourist's Guide to the
Upper Mississippi; and other works. He
<lied Oct. 1, 1877, in New York city.
DITSON, CHARLES HEALY, publish
er, was born Aug. 11, 1845. He is treasur
er of the now incorporated firm of The
Oliver Ditson company of Boston, which
owns the branch house in Philadelphia,
and is part owner of Lyon and Healy of
Chicago.
DITSON, GEORGE LEIGHTON, jour
nalist, author, was born Aug. 5, 1812, in
Westford, Mass. He is a noted traveler
who published Circassia, or a Tour to the
Caucasus; Crimora; The Para Papers, or
France, Egypt, and Ethiopia; The Cres
cent and the French Crusaders; and The
Fedariti of Italy, a Romance of Circas
sian Captivity.
DITSON, OLIVER, music publisher,
was born Oct. 20, 1811, in Boston, Mass.
He established the publishing firm of Oli
ver Ditson and Co., wuich has become
known .throughout the United States. For
twenty-five years he was president of the
Continental bank of his city. He died
Dec. 21, 1888, in Boston, Mass.
DITTENHOEFER, ABRAM J., lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1836, in Charleston, S.
C. In 1862 he was appointed judge of the
city court of Columbia, and in 1864 was
judge of the district court of South Caro
lina.
DIVEN, ALEXANDER S., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 15,
1809, in Catharine, N. Y. He was a sen
ator in the New York legislature in 1858;
and was elected a representative from
New York to the thirty-seventh congress.
DIVOL, IRA, educator, was born in Oc
tober, 1820, in Topham, Vt. He was elect
ed state superintendent of public schools
in Missouri. He laid the foundation of
the public school library, which afterward
became the public library in St. Louis.
He died June 22, 1871, in Baraboo, Wis.
DIX, AUGUSTUS J., educator, was
born April 13, 1831, in Albany, N. Y. He
moved to Elizabeth, N. J., and was one
of the incorporators, and for three years
president of the city hospital. Since 1880
he has' been superintendent of public in
struction of the city of Elizabeth.
DIX, CHARLES TEMPLE, artist, was
born Feb. 25, 1838, in Albany, N. Y. His
Sunset in Capri is a spirited study of sea
and shore. He died March 11, 1873, in
Rome, Italy.
DIX, DOROTHEA LYNDE, philan
thropist, author, was born about 1794 in
Worcester, Mass. She was a famous Mas
sachusetts philanthropist the greater part
of whose life was spent in efforts to im
prove the condition of the insane. Her
writings, except Prisons and Prison Dis
cipline, are intended for children, and in
clude The Garland of Flora; Conversa
tions about Common Things; Alice and
Ruth; and Evening Hours. She died July
19, 1887, in Trenton, N. J.
DIX, JOHN ADAMS, statesman, was
born July 24, 1798, in Boscawen, N. H. He
was a general and statesman who, while
_^^^—- - secretary of the
- . treasury in 1861, is-
r~ • "• sued the celebrated
Ink order, If any one
attempts to haul
£•• &0Pt down the American
flag, shoot him on
the spot. He was a
United States sen
ator, and governor
of New York during
1873-75. He was the
author of A Winter
in Madeira, and A
Summer in Spain and Florence; Speeches
and Occasional Addresses; and Resources
of the State of New York. He died April
21, 1879.
DIX, JOHN HOMER, oculist, aurist;
author, was born about 1810. He was an*
oculist and aurist of Boston who pub
lished Changes of the Blood, a translation
from the French of Gibert; Treatise on
Strabismus; Morbid Sensibility of the
Retina; and The Ophthalmoscope and its
Uses. He died in 1884.
DIX, MORGAN, clergyman, author, was
born Nov. 1, 1827, in New York city.
He is a prominent episcopal clergyman of
New York city conspicuous among High
church theologians, and rector of Trinity
church since 1859. He is the author of
Sermons, Doctrinal and Practical; Lec
tures on the Calling of a Christian Wom
an; Memoir of J. A. Dix, his father; Gos
pel and Philosophy; The Sacramental Sys
tem; The Seven Deadly Sins; Lectures
on the First Prayer Book of King Ed
ward VI.; and The Two Estates— Wed
ded in the Lord, Single for the Kingdom
of Heaven's Sake.
DIXEY, HENRY E., actor, was born
Jan. 6, 1839, in Boston, Mass. In 1875 he
played the Heifer in Evangeline at the
Globe theatre. Other roles in which he
has been seen are: Dr. Syntax in Cinde
rella at School, Lorenzo in The Mascot,
Sir Mincing Lane in Billee Taylor, Bun-
thorne in Patience, Sir Joseph Porter in
Pinafore, Peter Papyms in The New
Evangeline, and Boss Knivett in The
Romany Rye.
DIXON, ARCHIBALD, lawyer, state
legislator, United States senator, was
born April 2, 1802, in Caswell county, N.
C. In 1830 he was a representative in the
legislature, and in 1836 in the state sen
ate. He was again in the lower house in
1841; and in 1843 was elected lieutenant-
governor of Kentucky. He was a member
of the United States senate from 1852 to
1855, having been elected to fill a vacan
cy. He died April 23, 1876, in Henderson,
Ky.
DIXON, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
comic singer, was born about 1808. He
first appeared in 1827 as a comedian in
small parts at the amphitheatre in Al
bany, N. Y. Thence he went to New
York, Philadelphia and other large cities,
singing his famous songs, The Coal-Black
Rose and Zip Coon, to admiring throngs.
He died in March, 1861, in New Orleans,
La.
DIXON, JAMES, lawyer, legislator,
United States senator, was born Aug. 5,
1814, in Enfield, Conn. He was a member
of the house in the legislature of Con
necticut in 1837, 1838, and 1844; and of
the state senate in 1849 and 1854. He
was a representative in congress from
Connecticut from 1845 to 1849; and was
elected a senator in congress for six years
from 1857. He was re-elected in 1863 for
the term ending in 1869. He died March
27, 1873, in Hartford, Conn.
DIXON, JAMES MAIN, educator, au
thor, was born in 1856 in Scotland. He
• has been a professor of English literature
in Washington university, St. Louis, since
1892, and the author of A Dictionary of
Idiomatic English Phrases.
DIXON, JAMES PAYSON, educator,
college president, was born in September,
1842, in West Lebanon, Maine. He is a
successful educator, and the president of
Colby academy of New London, N. H.
DIXON, JOSEPH, inventor, was born
Jan. 18, 1799, in Marblehead, Mass. He
was entirely self-educated, and early
showed unusual mechanical ingenuity,
inventing a machine for cutting files be
fore he was twenty-one. He died June
17, 1869, in Jersey City, N. J.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMEHICAN BIOGRAPHV.
305
DIXON, JOSEPH, merchant, jurist,
congressman, was born April 29, 1828, in
Greene county, N. C. He has been a mag
istrate and judge of the county court;
and was a member of the state legislature
in 1868 and 1869. He was elected to the
forty-first congress to fill a vacancy.
DIXON, JOSEPH HENRY, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from North Carolina from 1799 to
1801.
DIXON, LUTHER C., jurist. He was
an early emigrant to the territory of
Wisconsin; and was appointed a justice
of the United States court for the terri
tory of Wisconsin.
DIXON, NATHAN FELLOWS, lawyer,
United States senator, was born in 1774,
in Plainfield, Conn. In 1813 he was elect
ed a member of the general assembly of
that state, and continued to serve in that
capacity for seventeen years; and from
1839 to 1842 was a senator of the United
States. He died Jan. 29, 1842, in Wash
ington, D. C.
DIXON, NATHAN FELLOWS, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 1, 1812, in
Westerly, R. I. He was elected a repre
sentative from Rhode Island to the thir
ty-first congress. He was again elected
to the general assembly of his state in
1851, and with the exception of two years
held the office until 1859. In 1863 he was
elected to the thirty-eighth congress; and
was re-elected to the thirty-ninth, fortieth
and forty-first congresses.
DIXON, NATHAN FELLOWS, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Aug. 28, 1847, in Westerly, R. I. In
1877 he was appointed United States dis
trict attorney for the district of Rhode
Island; and was reappointed in 1881. In
1885 he was elected a representative from
Rhode Island to the forty-eighth con
gress, to fill a vacancy; and was elected
in 1889 to the United States senate.
DIXON, SAM H., author. He published
a collection of poems with biographies,
entitled Poets and Poetry of Texas.
DIXON, WILLIAM \VIRT, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 3. 1838, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. He was a member of the
legislative assembly of Montana territory
in 1871-72; was a member of the con
stitutional conventions of Montana of
1884-89; and has held no other office. He
was elected to the fifty-second congress
as a democrat.
DOAK, ARCHIBALD A., college presi
dent, was born July 13, 1815, in Washing
ton county, Tenn. During 1840-50, and
1853-56 he was president of Washington
college, Tennessee. He died May 26, 1866.
in Clarksville, Tenn.
DOAK. JOHN WHITEFIELD, college
president, was born Oct. 17, 1778, in Rock-
bridge county, Va. In 1818 he was elect
ed president of Washington college, Ten
nessee, serving until 1820. He died Oct.
6, 1820, in Green Springs, Va.
DOAK, SAMUEL, was president of Tus-
culum college, Tennessee, in 1857.
DOAK, SAMUEL WITHERSPOON, col
lege president, was born March 24, 1785,
in Salem, Tenn. In 1838 he was elected
president of Washington college, Ten
nessee, serving until 1840. He died Feb.
3, 1864, in Nashville, Tenn.
DOAN, ROBERT E., journalist, lawyer,
congressman, was born in Clinton county,
Ohio. He was editor of the Wilmington
Watchman in 1859 and I860; and was ap
pointed prosecuting attorney for Clinton
county in 1862. He was elected a Garfield
presidential elector for the third congres
sional district in 1880; and was elected to
the fifty-second congress as a republican.
20
DOANE, AUGUSTUS SIDNEY, physi
cian, author, was born April 2, 1808, in
Boston, Mass. He was appointed chief
physician of the marine hospital. He ed
ited Good's Study of Medicine; translated
Maygrier's Midwifery; Dupuytren's Sur
gery; Lugol's Scrofulous Diseases; Vay-
lis's Descriptive Anatomy; Blandin's Top
ographical Anatomy; Ricord's Syphilis;
Chaussier on The Arteries; and Scoutetten
on Cholera. He died Jan. 27, 1852, on
Staten Island, N. Y.
DOANE, GEORGE HOBART, prelate,
author, was born Sept. 5, 1830, in Boston,
Mass. He has been a prelate of the papal
household at Rome since 1886, with the
title of monsignore. He Is the author of
First Principles; Exclusion of Protestant
Worship from Rome; and Manual of In
structions and Prayers.
DOANE, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
bishop, author, poet, was born May 27,
1799, in Trenton, N. J. He was the sec
ond protestant episcopal bishop of New
Jersey; and was consecrated bishop in
1832. He was the author of Songs by the
Way; and Sermons on Various Occasions.
The familiar hymn beginning Softly now
the light of day is one of his most noted
poems. He died April 27, 1859.
DOANE, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Maine. Having removed to Ohio,
he was elected a representative • in con
gress from that state from 1839 to J843.
DOANE, WILLIAM CROSWELL, bish
op, poet, author, was born March 2, 1832,
in Boston, Mass. He is tne first protest-
ant episcopal bishop of Albany. He is the
author of a number of poems, among
which The Sculptor Boy is often quoted,
and has published several works, includ
ing Sermons; Mosaics, or the Harmony
of Collect Epistle and Gospel for the Sun
days of the Christian Year. As a theolo
gian his place is amongst liberal high
churchmen.
DOANE, WILLIAM HOWARD, musical
composer, was born Feb. 3, 1831, in Pres
ton, Conn. His works include Sabbath-
School Gems; Little Sunbeams; Silver
Spray; and Songs of Devotion.
DOBBIN. JAMES, D. D., rector of Shat-
turk school of Faribault, Minn., was born
June 29, 1833, in Salem, N. Y. He re-
ceived his education
jfggjjjggg^jjfjgj^ at the Salem Wash
ington academy, the
Argyle academy;
and in 1859 graduat
ed from Union col
lege with the de
gree of A. B. The
same year he moved
to Faribault as as
sistant in the mis
sion school estab
lished by Dr. Breck
the previous year.
Returning to New York in 1860 he had
charge successively of the academies of
Argyle and Greenwich until 1864. He then
returned to Faribault for the purpose of
studying for orders; resumed his old
place as assistant to Dr. Breck, and in
1867 succeeded him as resident head of
this combined institution; and a year la
ter was ordained to the priesthood by
Bishop Whipple. The upbuilding of
Shattuck school has been his life work.
He has administered its affairs almost
from the beginning with such great fore
sight and executive ability that after
thirty-one years of incessant labor on his
part this great institution of learning has
become one of the largest and most suc
cessful schools in America. In 1888 he
received the degree of D. D. from Trinity
college of Hartford.
DOBBIN, JAMES COCHRANE, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1814 in Fay-
etteville, N. C. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress from his native
state in 1845, and declined a re-election.
He served in the state legislature in 1848
and 1850, and during the last session offi
ciated as speaker; and in 1852 was a pres
idential elector. He was secretary of the
navy during the whole of President
Pierce's administration. He died Aug. 4,
1857, in Fayetteville, N. C.
DOBBIN, JOSEPH L., soldier, lawyer,
was born March 11, 1845, in Manchester,
111. He served as a private during the
civil war; is president of the Union Vete
ran league of Minnesota; and one of the
foremost lawyers *f the west at Minneap
olis.
DOBBIN, ROBERT ARCHIBALD, law
yer, legislator, was born March 17, 1839.
in Baltimore, Md. During 1880-82 he
served as a member of the house of dele
gates of Maryland. Since 1893 he has
been postmaster in the United States sen
ate. During 1862-65 he was in the con
federate service; and subsequently at
tained prominence as an able lawyer of
Maryland.
DOBBINS, DANIEL, naval officer, was
born July 5, 1776, in MifBin, Pa. He was
of great service in fitting out Perry's fleet
on Lake Erie, and was with the expedi
tion under Commodore Sinclair that at
tempted to recapture Mackinaw. He died
Feb. 29, 1856, in Presque Isle.
DOBBINS, SAMUEL A., farmer, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
14, 1814, in Burlington county, N. J. He
was high sheriff of Burlington county
from 1854 to 1857; was a member of the
state legislature from 1859 to 1862; and
was elected to the forty-third and the for
ty-fourth congresses as a republican.
DOBBS, ARTHUR, governor, author,
was born in 1684 in Ireland. He was the
author of An Account of the. Countries
Adjoining Hudson's Bay; Trade and Im
provement of Ireland; and Captain Mid-
dleton's Defense. In 1744 he emigrated
to North Carolina; and was chosen gov
ernor in 1754, serving until his death. He
died March 28, 1765, in Town Creek, N. C.
DOCKERY, ALEXANDER MONROK.
physician, congressman, was born Feb. 11 .
1845, in Daviess county, Mo. In 1874 he
moved to Gallatin, Mo., and assisted in
organizing the Farmers' Exchange bank,
of which organization he was cashier un
til elected to congress. He was one of the
curators of the university of Missouri
from 1872 to 1882, and in 1870, 1871 and
1872 president of the board of education
of Chillicothe, Mo. He was a member of
the city council of Gallatin for the five
years previous to April, 1883, serving the
last two years as mayor. He was elected
to the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth,
fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a dem
ocrat.
DOCKERY, ALFRED, congressman,
was born in North Carolina. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1845 to 1847, and again from 1851 to
1853; and was a delegate to the Chicago
convention of 1868.
DOCKERY, OLIVER H., farmer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 12. 1830, in
Richmond county, N. C. He was elected
to the state legislature in 1858 and 1859:
was a presidential elector in 1860; and
in 1868 was elected a representative from
North Carolina to the fortieth congress.
He was re-elected to the forty-first con
gress. •
306
HKRR1NCSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
DOD, ALBERT BALDWIN, clergyman,
author, was born March 24. 1805, in Mend-
ham, N. J. He was a presbyterian clergy
man and professor of mathematics ai
Princeton college in 1830-45. Theological
Essays was his only published work. He
died Nov. 20, 1845, in Princeton, N. J.
DO1). DANIEL, mechanician, was horn
Sept. 28, 1788, in Virginia. He removed,
in 1821, to New York city, where he was
reputed the most successful engine build
er in the United States. He died May 9.
1823, in New York city.
DODD, AMZI, lawyer, jurist, was horn
March 2, 1823, in Bloomfield, N. J. He
served one term from Bloomfield, N. J.,
in the assembly of the state legislature;
in 1871 he filled the office of vice chancel
lor; in 1878 was judge of the court of er
rors and appeals; and in 1882 became
president of the Mutual Benefit Life In
surance company of Bloomfield, N. J.
DODD, MRS. ANNA BOWMAN, author,
was born in 1855 in Long Island. She is
a New York writer whose volumes of
travels have been very popular. She is
the author of The Republic of the Fu
ture, or Socialism a Reality; Cathedral
Days; Glorinda: a Story; Three Norman
dy Inns; and in the Norfolk Broads.
DODD, EDWARD, merchant, congress
man, was born in 1805 in Salem, N. Y.
He was a member of the constitutional
convention of New York in 1846; and was
a representative in congress from that
state in 1855.
DODD, JAMES B.. mathematician, was
born in 1807 in Virginia. He was chosen
professor of mathematics, natural philos
ophy and astronomy in Centenary college,
Mississippi, in 1841; and in Transylvania
university in 1846, of which institution
he was acting president from 1849 till
1855. He died March 27, 1872, in Greens-
burg, Ky.
DODD, MARY ANN HANMER, poet,
was born March "), 1813, in Hartford.
Conn. Amqng her best poems were The
Lament; The Dreamer; The Mourner;
and To a Cricket. A volume of her poems
was published in Boston in 1843.
DODD, STEPHEN, clergyman, author,
was born March 8, 1777, in Bloomfield, N.
J. He was a founder and trustee of the
Connecticut theological institution at
East Windsor, and gave it his valuable li
brary. He published a History of East
Haven (1824); Family Record of Daniel
Dodd; and Revolutionary Memorials. He
died Feb. 5, 1856, in Morristown, N. J.
DODDRIDGE, JOSEPH, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1769 in Pennsylvania.
He was an episcopal clergyman of west
ern Virginia, and the author of Logan, a
drama; and Notes on the Settlement and
Indian Wars of the Western Country,
1763-83. He died in November, 1826, in
Wellsburg, Va.
DODDRIDGE, PHILIP, lawyer, con
gressman, was horn in 1772, in Brooke
county, Va. He was a delegate from
Brooke county to the legislature of Vir
ginia in 1815, and was a member for
some years. He was a representative in
congress from Virginia from 1829 to 1832.
He died Nov. 19, 1832, in Washington,
D. C.
DODDRIDGE, WILLIAM BROWN,
railroad manager, was born Oct. 19, 1848,
in Circleville, Ohio. In 1884 he was en
gaged in the Anaconda Copper Smelting
company, as business manager. In 1886
he became superintendent of the Central
branch Union Pacific railroad of Atchi-
son, Kan.; and in 1889 was appointed
general manager of the St. Louis, Ark
ansas and Texas railroad.
DODDS, OZRO J., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 22, 1840, in
Cincinnati, Ohio. He was promoted lieu
tenant-colonel of the first Alabama cav
alry. After the war he studied law and
was admitted to practice. He was elect
ed to the legislature of Ohio in 1869; and
was elected to the forty-second congress.
DODDS, SUSANNA W., physician, au
thor. She is the author of a work en
titled Health in the Household, which has
become very popular. She has attained
prominence as an eminent hygienic phy
sician of St. Louis, Mo.
DODGE, AUGUSTUS CAESAR, was
born Jan. 2, 1812, in Ste. Genevieve, Mo.
He was a delegate to congress from tne
territory of Iowa from 1841 to 1847; a
presidential elector for the state of Iowa
in 1848; and a senator in congress from
the state of Iowa from 1848 to 1855. He
was a delegate to the Chicago convention
of 1864, and also to the Philadelphia na
tional union convention of 1866, as well
as the New York convention of 1868; and
from 1838 to 1841 he held the office of reg
ister of the land office at Burlington,
Iowa. He died Nov. 20, 188.5, in Burling
ton, Iowa.
DODGE, DAVID LOW, merchant, au
thor, was born June 14, 1774, in Brooklyn,
Conn. He was a New York merchant
who was the first president of the New
York Peace society, and was the author
of The Mediator's Kingdom not of this
World: and War Inconsistent with the
Religion of Jesus Christ. He died April
23, 1852, in New York city.
DODGE, EBENEZER, educator, author,
was born April 22, 1819, in Salem, Mass.
He was a baptist clergyman, president of
Madison (now Colgate) university, 1868-
90, and the author of Evidences of Chris
tianity; and Christian Theology. He died
Jan. 4, 1890, in Hamilton, N. Y.
DODGE, GEORGE DUDLEY, manufac
turer, poet, was born May 4, 1836, in
Hampton Falls, N. H. He is a successful
cotton manufacturer and merchant; and
in 1880 was the nominee of the prohibi
tion party for governor of Georgia. He
was afterward chairman of the state ex
ecutive committee, and a delegate to the
national convention of that party in 1884.
DODGE, GRENVILLE, MELLEN. sol
dier, railroad president, civil engineer,
congressman, was born April 12, 1831, in
Danvers, Mass. In 1862 he was appointed
brigadier-general for services at Pea
Ridge; was promoted to be a major-gen
eral on the recommendations of Generals
Grant, Sherman, and McPherson. He was
subsequently in command of the depart
ments of Wisconsin, Kansas and the
Plains. Soon after resigning his com
mission in the army he was elected a
representative from Iowa to the fortieth
congress. He is president of the Fort
Worth and Denver City railway.
DODGE. HENRY, soldier, statesman,
was born Oct. 12, 1782, in Vincennes, Ind.
He was brigadier-general of Missouri
troops in 1812; and
distinguished him
self especially in the
Black Hawk war. He
was appointed gov
ernor of Wisconsin
territory, and super
intendent of Indian
affairs, serving as
such from 1836 to
1841, and from 1845
to 1848. He was a
delegate to congress
from Wisconsin
from 1841 to 1845; and a senator in con
gress from the state of Wisconsin from
1848 to 1857. He died June 19. 1867. in
Hurlington. Iowa.
DODGE, HORACE O., physician, sur
geon, was born Dec. 13, 1840, in Milton.
111. He is one of the foremost physicians
of the west at Boulder, Colo.; was presi
dent of the Colorado State Medical asso
ciation in 1886; and department com
mander of the Grand Army of the Re
public in 1896-97.
DODGE, MARTIN, lawyer, state sena
tor, was born in 1851 in Auburn, Ohio. He
attended Hiram college for four years,
and the Buchtel
college for one year.
He then entered the
Ohio State and
Union Law college,
and was admitted to
the bar in 1877. Dur
ing 1879-82 he prac
ticed law in Kan
sas, and since that
time in Cleveland.
Ohio. For six years
he was engaged in
real estate and
building operations; and for three years
was business manager of The Sun and
Voice. In 1891 he was elected a member
of the Ohio house of representatives from
Cleveland; and in 1893 was appointed
chairman of the Ohio road commission.
He received the re-election to the seven
ty-first and seventy-second general as
semblies; and in 1897 was elected a state
senator. In 1898 he was a candidate for
congress.
DODGE, MARY ABIGAIL— Gail Ham
ilton — essayist, magazinist, was born in
1838 in Hamilton, Mass. She was a noted
essayist and magazinist of Hamilton,
Mass. She is the author of a A New At
mosphere; Gala Days; Woman's Wrongs;
Red-Letter Days; Summer Rest; Battle of
the Books; Twelve Miles from a Lemon;
Sermons to the Clergy; First Love is
Best; What Think ye of Christ?; Country
Living and Country Thinking; Skirmishes
and Sketches; Wool-Gathering; Woman's
Worth and Worthlessness; Little Folk
Life; Nursery Noonings; Our Common
School System; Divine Guidance; The
Insuppressible Book; A Washington Bi
ble Class; and Biography of James G.
Hlaine. She died in 1896.
DODGE, MRS. MARY BARKER, au
thor, poet, was born in Pennsylvania. She
is the author of Belfry Voices; and The
Gray Masque and Other Poems.
DODGE, MRS MARY (MAPES), au
thor, poet, was born in 1838 in New York
city. She is a writer of New York city
who has edited the Saint Nicholas Maga
zine since 1873. Her writings for young
people include Hans Brinker; Donald and
Dorothy; Rhymes and Jingles; Irvington
Stories; A Few Friends; The Land of
Pluck; When Life is Young, poems for
young people. She has also written The-
opbilus and Others; Along the Way; and
a volume of Short Poems.
DODGE, NATHANIEL SHATSWELL.
author, was born Jan. 10, 1810, in Haver-
hill, Mass. He was a Boston litterateur
who was the author of Stories of a
Grandfather about American History.
DODGE, NEHEMIAH, was born in
Providence, R. I. He was the first manu
facturing jeweler in America. Jabez Gor-
ham and other noted jewelers and sil
versmiths served apprenticeship with
him. His work was of the finest quality
of gold and silver, and of choicest de
sign. Mr. Dodge married Miss Crawford
of Providence, a lady of the old school,
who was descended from Gabriel Bernon.
Mr. Dodge, through his success in the
manufacture of jewelry, became one of
the wealthiest citizens of Providence.
HKRRINC5SHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
307
DODGE, OSSIAN EUCLID, vocalist,
was born Oct. 22, 1820, in Cayuga, N. Y.
He was the first to take a company over
land from New York to San Francisco,
and was the first manager that ever gave
an entertainment in the Mormon taberna
cle at Salt Lake City. He died Nov. 4,
1876, in London, England.
DODGE, RICHARD IRVING, soldier,
author, was born May 19, 1827, in Hunts-
ville, N. C. He is a colonel in the United
States army who saw much service in
Indian campaigns, and made careful
study of the Indian character. He was
the author of The Black Hills: The Plains
of the Great West; Our Wild Indians;
and A Living Issue. He died in 1895.
DODGE, THEODORE AYRAULT, sol
dier, author, was born May 28, 1842, in
Pittsfield, Mass. He is a captain and
brevet lieutenant-co!onel in the United
States army, and prominent as a military
historian. He is the author of The Cam
paign of Chauceliorsville; A Bird's-Eye
View of our Civil War; Great Captains;
Alexander, a History of the Origin and
Growth of the Art of War from the Earl
iest Times to the Battle of Ipsus, B. C.
301, with a detailed account of the Cam
paigns of the Great Macedonian; Hanni
bal; Ctesar; Gustavus Adolphus; Patro-
clus and Penelope, a Chat in the Saddle;
and Riders of Many Lands.
DODGE, THOMAS H., lawyer, inventor,
philanthropist, author, was born Sept. 27,
1823, in Eden, Vt. He puolished in 1850
a book entitled A Review of The Rise
and Progress and Present Importance of
the Cotton Manufactures of the United
States. He made several valuable inven
tions, including a printing press. He be
came interested in the large manufactur
ing enterprises of Worcester, Mass.
DODGE, WALTER PHELPS, author,
was born in 1869. He is a litterateur now
living in London, and practicing at the
English bar. He is the author of Three
Greek Tales; As the Crow Flies from
Corsica to Charing Cross; and A Strong
Man Armed.
DODGE, WILLIAM EARLE, merchant,
congressman, philanthropist, was born
Sept. 4, 1805, in Hartford, Conn. He was
elected a representative from New York
to the thirty-ninth congress. He was
also a delegate to the Philadelphia loyal
ists' convention of 1866. He died Feb. 9.
1883.
DODGE, WILLIAM WALLACE, banker,
state senator, was born April 25, 1854, in
Burlington, Iowa. In 1876 he graduated
from the law depart
ment of the state
university of Iowa,
and was awarded
the literary prize for
the best written ar
gument on a given
thesis of law. He has
since won distinc
tion as a brilliant
lawyer of his na
tive city, where he is
in partnership with
his brother, under
the firm name of Dodge and Dodge. Dur
ing 1885-93 he served with distinction for
eight years as a member of the state sen
ate of the Iowa state legislature. He has
taken an active part in the political af
fairs of his state, and has been a delegate
to various local and state conventions.
While a member of the state senate he
was instrumental in passing a bill creat
ing the first Monday in September as a
legal holiday, to be known as Labor Day;
and consequently he is known throughout
the state of Iowa as the Father of Labor
Day.
DODS, JOHN BOVEE, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1795 in New York city.
He was a clergyman of New York city
whose published works include Thirty
Sermons; Philosophy of Mesmerism;
Philosophy of Electrical Psychology; Im
mortality Triumphant; and Spirit Mani
festations Examined and Explained. He
died March 21, 1872, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
DODWORTH, THOMAS, musician, was
born in 1790 in England. He came to the
United States in 1826, and organized in
New York the city band, which be
came by his efforts the national brass
band, and was the first independent mili
tary band of music in the city. He died
April 30, 1876, in Morrisania, N. Y.
DOE, CHARLES HENRY, journalist,
author, was born Nov. 28, 1838, in
Charlestown, Mass. He is a journalist of
Worcester, Mass., and the author of Buf
fets, a novel.
DOE, NICHOLAS B., congressman, was
born in New York. He was elected a rep
resentative from that state to the twen
ty-sixth congress to fill a vacancy.
DOGGETT, DAVID SETH. bishop, au
thor, was born in 1810 in Virginia. He
was a methodist bishop who lived at
Richmond, Va., and published The War
and its Close. He died Oct. 27, 1880. in
Richmond, Va.
DOGGETT, KATE, reformer, was born
Nov. 5, 1828, in Castleton, Vt. She was
elected a member of the academy of
science in 1869, and given charge of its
herbarium. She translated the Grammar
of Painting and Engraving. She died
March i2, 1884, in Cuba.
DOIG. ANDREW W., educator, survey
or, congressman, was born in Washington
county, N. Y. In 1832 he was in the state
assembly; and held the office of surro
gate from 1835 to 1840. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1839 to 1843.
DOLAN, THOMAS, manufacturer, was
born Oct. 27, 1834, in Montgomery county,
Pa. In 1866 he became a pioneer in the
use of the finest worsted yarns in his fab
rics, especially in Berlin shawls. The
goods of the Keystone Knitting miHs
which he founded attained celebrity. He
is president of The Quaker City Dye
works; and The United Gas Improvement
company.
DOLBEAR, AMOS EMERSON, phy
sicist, author, was born Nov. 10, 1837, in
Norwich, Conn. He has been a professor of
physics and astronomy at Tufts college
since 1874, and is the author of The Art
of Projecting; The Speaking Telephone;
and Sound and its Phenomena. Matter,
Ether, and Motion.
DOLE, CHARLES FLETCHER, clergy
man, author, was born in 1845 in Maine.
He is a Unitarian clergyman of Boston,
and the author of The Citizen and the
Neighbour; Jesus and the Men about
Him; A Catechism of Liberal Faith: and
The American Citizen.
DOLE, EDMUND PEARSON, lawyer,
author, was born in 1850 in Maine. He is
assistant attorney-general of the Hawaii
an Islands, and the author of Talks About
Law.
DOLE, NATHAN HASKELL, author,
poet, was born in 1852 in Massachusetts.
He is a litterateur of Boston who, besides
publishing translations from the Russian
of Tolstoi and other writers, is the author
of A Score of Famous Composers; The
Hawthorn Tree and Other Poems; Not
Angels Quite; History of the Turko-Rus-
sian War of 1877-1878; On the Point, a
Summer Idyl; and Flowers from Foreign
Gardens. One of his most important
works is a variorum edition of the Ru-
baiyat of Omar Khayyam.
DOLES, GEORGE PIERCE, soldier,
was born May 14, 1830, in Milledgeville,
Ga. His commission as brigadier-general
bore date of Nov. 2, 1862. During the
overland campaigns he commanded a di
vision in General Ewell's corps, and was
killed in the battle of Cold Harbor. He
died June 2, 1864, in Cold Harbor, Va.
DOLGE, ALFRED, manufacturer, was
born Dec. 22, 1848, in Germany. He is
now the head of the great firm of Alfred
Dolge and Son; a
partner in C. F.
Zimmerman and Co.,
manufacturers of
autoharps: and Dan
iel Green and Co..
second vice-presi
dent of The Little
Falls and Dolgeville
railroad, and in New
York city, trustee of
The German Savings
bank. The village
of Dolgeville, found
ed by him, has beeome the model indus
trial town of American origin, both in its
social and economic aspects.
DOLLAR!), ROBERT, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born March 14, 1842, in
Fall River, Mass. He entered the union
army from Massachusetts with the fourth
regiment of that state, which composed
in part what is known as the minute men
of that period who were the first to re
spond to the call for troops to save the
union. He served with credit and dis
tinction throughout the war, rising to the
rank of major and the command of his
regiment. He was a member of the con
stitutional conventions of South Dakota
of 1883 and 1885; was district attorney;
member of the legislature of Dakota ter
ritory in 1889; state senator in 1893; and
a member of the state legislature in 1897.
DOLLIVER, JONATHAN P., lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 6, 1858, in
Kingwood, Va. He was elected to the
fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third and fif
ty-fourth congresses, and re-elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
DOLPH. JOHN HENRY, artist, was
born April 18, 1835, in Fort Ann, N. Y.
His works include Knickerbocker Farm-
Yard (1869); The Season of Plenty; The
Antiquarian; The Rehearsal (1878); Prin
cess; and A June Day (1886).
DOLPH, JOSEPH NORTON, lawyer,
legislator, was born Oct. 19, 1835, in
Schuyler county, N. Y. He practiced his
profession in Schuy
ler county during
the winter of 1861-
62, and in 1862 en
listed in Captain M.
Crawford's compa
ny, known as the
Oregon Escort, rais-
ed under an act of
congress for the pur
pose of protecting
the emigration of
that year to the Pa
cific coast against
hostile Indians, filling the position of or
derly sergeant. He settled in Portland.
Ore., in 1863; and in 1864 was elected
city attorney of the city of Portland, and
the same year was appointed by Presi
dent Lincoln district attorney for the
district of Oregon. He held both posi
tions until he resigned them to take his
seat in the state senate of Oregon. He
was a member of the state senate in 1866-
74. He was elected to the United States
senate as a republican in 1883. and was
re-elected in 1889.
308
HKRKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DONAHOE, DANIEL J., lawyer, jurist,
poet, was born Feb. 27, 1853, in Brirafield,
Mass. He is a successful member of the
Connecticut bar; and a well-known jurist
of Meriden. In 1888 his first volume of
poems was issued, entitled Idyls of Israel
and Other Poems; and later appeared A
Tent by the Lake and Other Poems.
DONAHOE, JOHN P., soldier, mer
chant, legislator, was born Aug. 12, 1841.
in county Tyrone, Ireland. He received
his education at St. Joseph parochial
school of Brandywine Banks, Del. Dur
ing 1861-65 he served as a soldier in the
union army through the entire war. In
1891 he served with distinction as a mem
ber of the state senate of the Delaware
legislature, and was elected speaker. In
1896-97 he was a member of the constitu
tional convention, and the same year was
national commander of the Union Vete
ran legion. He is a successful merchant
of Wilmington, Del., and is prominent in
the public affairs of his city, county and
state.
DONAHUE, PETER, capitalist, was
born Jan. 11. 1822, in Scotland. In 1850
with his brother he organized the great
establishment now known as the Union
Iron works; anc} was one of the origina
tors of the San Francisco and San Jose
railroad. He died Nov. 26, 1885.
DONALD, ELIJAH WINCHESTER,
clergyman, author, was born in 1843 in
Massachusetts. He is an episcopal cler
gyman of Boston, rector of Trinity church
from 1892, and the author of The Expan
sion of Religion.
DONALDSON, EDWARD, naval officer,
was born Nov. 17, 1816, in Baltimore, Md.
He served in the United States navy dur
ing tne civil war; and in 1876 was com
missioned rear admiral. He died May 15,
1889, in Baltimore, Md.
DONALDSON, FRANK, educator, phy
sician, author, was born July 23, 1823, in
Baltimore, Md. He was a Baltimore phy
sician, professor of hygiene in the univer
sity of Maryland since 1866, and the au
thor of Influence of City Life and Occupa
tions in Consumption. He died in 1891.
DONALDSON, FRANK C., lawyer, was
born Sept. 26, 1852, in Terre Haute, Ind.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the public schools of his native
city, and graduated from the state uni
versity of Bloomington, Ind. He has at
tained eminence as a successful lawyer of
Terre Haute, Ind.; has been mayor of his
city; and has held high Masonic posi
tions.
DONALDSON, JAMES LOWRY. sol
dier, author, was born March 17, 1814, in
Baltimore, Md. He was a colonel and
brevet major-general in the United States
army who published Sergeant Atkins, a
tale of the Florida war. He died Nov. 4.
1885, in Baltimore, Md.
DONALDSON, WASHINGTON H., aero
naut, was born in 1840 in Philadel
phia, Pa. From 1857 till 1871 he traveled
through the United States, appearing not
fewer than 1,300 times in his various spe
cialties. He died July 15, 1875.
DONELSON. ANDREW JACKSON,
diplomat, journalist, planter, lawyer, was
horn Aug. 25, 1800, near Nashville. Tenn.
He was aid-de-camp to General Jackson
in 1820 and 1821; and his private secre
tary from 1829 to 18o7. He was charge
d'affaires to Texas In 1844 and 1845; en
voy extraordinary and minister plenipo
tentiary to Prussia from 1846 to 1848;
and to Germany in 1848 and 1849. He
was editor of the Washington Union in
1851 and 1852; and candidate of the Amer
ican party for vice-president in 1852. He
illerl June 26. 1871. in Memphis. Tenn.
DONIPHAN, ALEXANDER WILLIAM,
soldier, was born July 9, 1808, in Mason
county, Ky. In 1838 he had risen in the
state militia to the grade of brigadier-
general. When war began with Mexico,
in 1846. he entered the United States ser
vice. He died Aug. 8, 1887, in Richmond,
Mo.
DON LEY, JOSEPH B., educator, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born Oct.
10, 1838, in Mount Morris, Pa. He be
came professor in Abingdon college; and
served in the Illinois army as captain of
volunteers from 1862 to 1865. In 1867 he
was appointed a register in bankruptcy
in Pennsylvania, holding the office until
elected a representative from that state
to the forty-first congress as a republican.
DONNAN, WILLIAM G., soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
June 30, 1834, in West Charlton, N.
Y. He was elected treasurer and re
corder of Buchanan county, Iowa, and
held the office until 1862. He en
tered the union army as a private
in 1862. and rose to the rank of brevet
major for efficient services in the field,
serving to the close of the rebellion. He
was a member of the state senate in 1868
and 1870; and was elected to the forty-
second congress, and re-elected to the
forty-third congress as a republican.
DONNELL, EDWARD J., soldier, sur
geon, legislator, poet, was born May 11,
1835, in Lyndeboro, N. Y. During the war
he served as second lieutenant in company
C, sixteenth New Hampshire infantry;
and also as first assistant surgeon in the
thirteenth Maryland infantry. He is now
a prominent physician of Stockton, Kan.;
and during 1884-88 served as a member of
the state senate of Kansas.
DONNELL, RICHARD S., congress
man, was born in North Carolina. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1847 to 1849; and in 1863
published a Letter on the Rebellion,
which attracted great attention.
DONNELLY, ELEANOR CECILIA,
author, poet, was born Sept. 6, 1838, in
Philadelphia, Pa. She is a Pniladelphia
writer of religious
poetry, the greater
part of which is oc
cupied with Roman
catholic themes.
Among her many
volumes are Domus
Dei; Out of Sweet
Solitude; Hymns of
the Sacred Heart;
and Children of the
Golden Sheaf and
Other Poems. She is
a constant contribu
tor to the leading newspapers and maga
zines.
DONNELLY, IGNATIUS, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, lieutenant-gover
nor, author, was born Nov. 3, 1831, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In
1857 he moved to
Minnesota; was
elected lieutenant-
governor of that
state in 1859; and
re-elected in 1861.
He was elected to
the thirty-eighth
and thirty-ninth
and fortieth con
gresses as a repub
lican; was state sen
ator during 1874-78;
member of the national executive com
mittee and an eloquent speaker. He is
the author of An Essay on the Sonnets
of Shakespeare; Atlantis: the Antedilu
vian World; Caesar's volumn; Ragna-
rok: the Age of Fire and Gravel; and The
Great Cryptogram. In this work he
claims to have discovered a cipher in the
plays of Shakespeare which sufficiently
establishes the fact that they were writ
ten by Lord Bacon.
DONOVAN, DENNIS D., educator, mer
chant, congressman, was born Jan. 31.
1859, near Texas, Ohio. He attended the
__^_________. Northern Indiana
Normal school at
[ Valparaiso, Ind.:
taught school three
years, and then en
gaged in mercantile
and timber business.
He was appointed
postmaster at Desh
I ler by President
«t ^M^ I Cleveland, which po
•Mtf ^H^^k siiinn ho resigned
when elected to the
legislature from
Henry county in 1887; and was re-elected
to the legislature in 1889. He was elected
to the fifty-second and re-elected to the
fifty-third congress as a democrat.
DONOVAN. JOHN, educator, contract
or, legislator, was born May 26, 1843, in
Canada. When two months old he moved
with his parents to
Youngstown, N. Y..
where he received
his education. He
was principal of thr
schools of Youngs-
town for one year:
moved to Michigan
in 1865, and there
taught school for
twelve years. In
1873 he moved to
Flint, Mich.; five
years later to ' Bay
City; and is a successful contractor and
builder. He served with distinction in
the Michigan state legislature in 1895-96.
and received the re-election to the legis
lature of 1897-98, serving on several im
portant committees.
DONOVAN, JOHN F.. lawyer, public-
official, was born Nov. 1, 1847, in New
York city. He has been mayor 01 Kin-
mundy, 111., for twelve years; president
of the county G. A. R. for ten years; and
president of the South Illinois Emigra
tion and Improvement association.
DONOVAN, JOSEPH M., lawyer, au
thor, was born April 28, 1866, in Littleton.
N. H. He graduated from the George
town university of Washington, D. C..
with the degree of A. M., and from the
same institution in 1889 with the degrep
of LL. B. He at once took up the prac
tice of law in Sioux Falls, S. D., where IIP
has attained distinction as an able law
yer. He is the author of Law of Divorce
and Domestic Relations, and other works.
DOOLITTLE. AMOS, engraver, was
born in 1754 in Cheshire, Conn. Whilp
a volunteer at Cambridge he visited the
battle ground of Lexington, and on his
return to New Haven made an engraving
of the action, his first attempt in that art.
He died Jan. 31, 1832, in New Haven.
Conn.
DOOLITTLE, BENJAMIN, clergyman,
author, was born July 10, 1695, in Massa
chusetts. He was a clergyman of North-
field, Mass., in 1718-49, and the author of
Narrative of the Mischief of the French
and Indians. 1744-48; and Inquiry into
Enthusiasm. He died Jan. 9, 1749.
DOOLITTLE. CHARLES CAMP, sol
dier, was born March 16, 1832. in Burling
ton, Vt. In 1865 he was made brigadier-
general of volunteers, and on June 13 IIP
was brevetted major-general. Since 1871
he has been cashier of the Merchants' na
tional bank. Toledo. Ohio.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
309
DOOLITTLE, JAMES ROOD, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Jan. 3, 1815,
in Hampton, N. Y. He was for several
years district attorney in Wyoming coun
ty, N. Y. He moved to Wisconsin in 1851;
was chosen judge of the first judicial cir
cuit of that state in 1853; and resigned in
1856. In 1857 he was elected a senator of
the United States for six years. He was
a member of the peace congress of 1861;
and in 1863 was re-elected to the senate
for the term ending in 1869.
DOOLITTLE, LELON ANSIL, lawyer,
was born July 22, 1853, in Russell, N. Y.
During 1879-85 he practiced law in Neills-
ville, Wis. ; and since 1885 has practiced
his profession in Eau Claire. He has been
president of the board of directors of the
Eau Claire public library; of the Eau
Claire republican club; and other institu
tions.
DOOLITTLE, MARY ANTOINETTE,
lecturer, was born Sept. 8, 1810, in New
Lebanon, N. Y. In 1873-75 she edited,
with Frederick W. Evans, the Shaker and
Shakeress, a periodical published at
Mt. Lebanon college, and is author of an
Autobiography and of a series of remark
able inspirational songs. She died Dec.
31, 1886, in Lebanon, N. Y.
DOOLITTLE, THEODORE, SAND-
FORD, educator, author, was born Nov.
81, 1836, in Ovid, N. Y. In 1864 he accept
ed the chair of rhetoric, logic and meta
physics at Rutgers, which he has since
held, becoming also associate editor of
the Christian at Work in 1873.
DOOLITTLE, WILLIAM HALL, law
yer, congressman, was born in Erie coun
ty, Pa. He served one term in the Ne
braska legislature in 1876-77; served in
that state as assistant United States dis
trict attorney; and in 1880 moved from
Nebraska to Washington Territory. He
was elected to the fifty-third and re-elect
ed to the fifty-fourth congress as a re
publican.
DOOLY, JOHN MITCHELL, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born about 1772, in
Lincoln county, Ga. He was appointed
solicitor-general of the western circuit of
Georgia in 1802, to fill a vacancy, and in
1804 was elected to the same office by the
legislature. In 1816 he was elected judge
of the same circuit, and in 1822 chosen
first judge of the northern circuit, to
which latter place he was re-elected in
1825. He died May 26, 1827, in Lincoln
county, Ga.
DORCHESTER, DANIEL, clergyman,
author, was born in 1827, in Massachu
setts. He is a prominent methodist cler
gyman of Pittsburg, and the author of
Concessions of Liberalists to Orthodoxy;
Problem of Religious Progress; Latest
Drink Sophistries; The Liquor Problem
in All Ages; The Why of Methodism;
Christianity in the United States; and
Romanism versus the Public Schools.
DOREMUS, CHARLES AVERY, chem
ist, was born Sept. 6, 1851, in New York
city. He became assistant to the chair of
chemistry and physics in the college of
the city of New York. Meanwhile he had
received the appointmencs in New York
city of lecturer on practical chemistry
and toxicology in Bellevue hospital med
ical college, and professor of chemistry in
the American Veterinary college.
DOREMUS, ELIAS OSBORN, builder,
legislator, was horn Jan. 17, 1831, in
Orange, N. J. He engaged in the building
business in Orange and successfully con
ducted the business for twenty-five years.
In 1873 was elected a member of tne leg
islature, and re-elected in 1874.
DOREMUS, ROBERT OGDEN, chemist,
was born Jan. 11, 1824, in New York city.
The cartridges patented by him require
no serge envelopes, as are ordinarily used
in muzzle-loading cannon, and hence no
sponging of the gun after firing is neces
sary.
DOREMUS, SARAH PLAT!', philan
thropist, was born Aug. 3. 1802, in New
York. In 1842, with Miss Catherine Sedg-
wick, she established a home for women
from prison, now called the Isaac T.
Hopper Home. She was also one of the
founders of the House and School of In
dustry. She died Feb. 5, 1877.
DOREN, DENNIS, constructor of tele
graph lines, was born Feb. 10, 1830, in
Wooster, Ohio. He was appointed gen
eral superintendent of construction of the
Western Union Telegraph company's en
tire system; was president of the Amer
ican Cable Construction company; and is
a stockholder and director in various cor
porations of New York city.
DORGAN, JOHN AYLMER. lawyer,
poet, was born Jan. 12, 1836, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a lawyer and verse
writer of Philadelphia, whose only pub
lication was a collection of verse entitled
Studies. He died Jan. 1, 1866, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
DORHMAN, ARNOLD HENRY, mer
chant, was born in 1748, in Portugal. In
view of his services and the losses he had
sustained in his devotion to the young re
public, congress voted him a money com
pensation and a western township, be
sides appointing him United States agent
in Lisbon. He died March 21, 1813, in
Steubenville, Ohio.
DORMAN, ALLEN, poet, was born
Sept. 9, 1857, in Field's Creek, Mo. He is
the author of a volume of poems pub
lished by the American Publishers' asso
ciation of Chicago, containing over five
hundred pages. He is prominent in the
public affairs of his county and state,
and was honored as a candidate for con
gress from the sixth district of Missouri.
DORMER, MRS. L. ISABELLE, poet,
was born July 9, 1854, in Lee county,
Iowa. She is the author of numerous
prose articles and stories; and is a well
known poet and writer of Stockton, Cal.
DORR, BENJAMIN, clergyman, author,
was born March 22, 1796, in Salisbury,
Mass. He was an episcopal clergyman
who was rector of Christ cnurch, Phila
delphia, in 1837-69; and was the author
of The Churchman's Manual; The His
tory of a Pocket Prayer-Book; Recogni
tion of Friends in Another World; Sun
day-School Teacher's Encouragement;
Prophecies and Types Relative to Christ;
Memorials of Christ Church; Travels in
the East; and Memoir of John Fanning
Watson.
DORR, CHARLES PHILIP, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 12, 1852, in
Monroe county, Ohio. He began the prac
tice of law in West Virginia in 1874,
where he has since resided. He was
elected a member of the West Virginia
house of delegates from the fourth dele
gate district in 1884, and again in 1888,
and was chosen sergeant-at-arms of that
body in the intervening session of 1887.
He was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
DORR, EBENEZER PEARSON, sea
captain, was born March 13, 1817, in
Hartford, Vt. He was the first to organ
ize a regular system of wreckage on the
lakes, and did much to improve the con
dition of seamen and to obtain recogni
tion of their acts of heroism. He died
April 29, 1881, in Buffalo, N. Y.
DORR, MRS. JULIA CAROLINE, au
thor, poet, was born Feb. 13, 1825, in
Charleston, S. C. She is a poet and novel
ist of Rutland, Vt. Her verse, much of
which reaches a high degree of excellence,
includes Daybreak, an Easter poem; Ver
mont; Friar Anselmo; Afternoon Songs;
Legend of the Baboushka; and Poems.
Her other writings comprise four novels,
Lanmere; Sibyl Huntington; Expiation;
Farmingdale; Bermuda, a volume of
travel; Bride and Bridegroom, or Letters
to a Young Married Couple; The Flower
of England's Face; and A Cathedral Pil
grimage.
DORRANCE, GORDON, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1765, in Sterling, Conn.
He was pastor of the congregational
church at Windsor, Mass., in 1795-1834.
and afterward preached in Sunderland,
Mass., and its vicinity. He published a
History of Windsor. He died in 1846, in
Attica, N. Y.
DORSEY, MRS. ANNA HANSON, au
thor, poet, was born Dec. 12, 1815, in
Georgetown, D. C. She was a prolific
writer of dramas, novels, poems, and es
says, long resident in Washington, and
from 1840 an ardent Roman catholic
Among her works are May Brooke; Guy
the Leper, an epic poem; The Old Housf
at Glenarra; Palms; and Warp and Woof.
She died in 1896.
DORSEY. CLEMENT, congressman,
was born in Anne Arundel county, Md.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1825 to 1831. He died
Aug. 6, 1846.
DORSEY. ELLA LORAINE, author,
was born in 1856, in Washington, D. C.
She is a Washington writer of stories for
boys, and the author of Midshipman Bob:
Saxty's Angel; and The Two Tramps.
DORSEY, GEORGE W. E., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Jan. 25, 184i.
in Loudon county, Va. He recruited a
company and enter
ed the union army
in 1861 as first lieu
tenant, sixth West
4 _ Virginia infantry :
Wk. I and was promoted
i to the rank of cap-
• tain and of major,
and was mustered
out with the army
of the Shenandoah
/•^F^^B I in 1865. He moved
1 to Nebraska in 186C:
and was admitted to
the bar in 1869. He was a member of the
board of trustees of the insane hospital;
a member and vice-president of the state
board of agriculture of Nebraska; and
was also chairman of the republican state
central committee of r\ebraska. In 1884
he was elected a representative from Ne
braska to the forty-ninth congress, and
was re-elected to the fiftieth and fifty-
first congresses as a republican.
DORSEY, GODWIN VOLNEY, physi
cian, was born Nov. 17, 1812, in Oxford,
Ohio. He was for many years president
of the Miami county medical society. He
was an elector on the democratic presi
dential ticket in Ohio in 1848; and a mem
ber of the Ohio constitutional conven
tions of 1850 and 1873.
DORSEY, JAMES OWEN, ethnologist,
author, was born Dec. 31, 1848, in Balti
more, Md. He was an ethnologist who
for a time was an episcopal missionary
to the Ponka Indians, but for many years
has been engaged in linguistic studies for
the bureau of ethnology. He was the
author of Omaha Sociology; Osage Tra
ditions; Kansas Mourning and War Cus
toms: and The Dhegiha Language.
*
HERRINQSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DORSEY, JESSE HOOK, manufacturer,
was born in 1849, in Beallsville, Pa. He
purchased and conducted the Tampa
Lumber company, the largest lumber
manufacturing business in Florida.
HORSEY, MRS. SARAH ANNE ELLIS,
author. She was the amanuensis of Jeffer
son Davis, to whom she bequeathed her
estate of Beauvoir on the Gulf of Mex
ico, where he died. She was the author
of Lucia Dare; Agnes Graham, both stor
ies of the civil war; Panola. a tale of
Louisiana; Atalie, or a Southern Villeg-
giatura; and Life of Governor Allen of
Louisiana. She died July 4, 1879, in New
Orleans, La.
DORSEY, STEPHEN W.. soldier, rail
road president, congressman, was born
Feb. 28, 1842, in Benson, Vt. He was
elected president of the Arkansas Cen
tral Railway company; and, removing to
Arkansas, was chosen chairman of the
republican county and state committees.
He was elected United States senator
from Arkansas for the term commencing
in 1873 and ending in 1879.
DORSHEIMER, WILLIAM, soldier, law
yer, congressman, author, was born Feb.
5, 1832, in Lyons, N. Y. He was a
major in the United States army during
the civil war; and in 1867 was appointed
United States attorney for the north
ern district of New York. In 1874
he was elected lieutenant-governor of
New York; received the re-election in
1876; and was elected to the forty-eighth
congress as a democrat. He was the au
thor of A Life of Grover Cleveland. He
died March 26, 1888, in Savannah, Ga.
DOSTER, CHARLES S. G., soldier, law
yer, legislator, was born Aug. 21, 1830, in
Autauga county, Ala. He received his
education at the East Tennessee univer
sity, and graduated u-om the Centenary
college, Louisiana. He served during the
war as colonel of the reserves; and was
militia colonel nefore the war. He was
county superintendent of education for
eight years; a representative in the Ala
bama state legislature for four years; and
state senator for four years. Since 1850
he has practiced law with success, and is
still engaged in that profession in Pratt-
ville, Ala.
DOTEN, LIZZIE, author, poet, was
born April 1, 1829, in Plymouth, Mass.
She is a Boston spiritualist trance me
dium, whose verses are claimed to be in
spired by the spirits of Shakespeare.
Burns, Poe, and other poets of the past.
She is the author of Poems of Progress;
and Poems from the Inner Life.
DOTON, HOSEA, educator, author, was
born Nov. 29, 1809, in Pomfret, Vt. From
1866 till his death he was chief engineer
of the Woodstock railroad. He was a
member of the state senate in 1865-66.
and in the latter year the legislature es
tablished his method of computing inter
est, known as the Vermont rule. He
died Jan. 19. 1886, in Woodstock, Vt.
DOTY, ALICE, musician, was born Jan.
10, 1862, in Piano, 111. She studied music
in America, and in Berlin, Germany; and
in 1888 passed the associated examination
of the American College of Musicians.
She has attained success as an organist
and concert pianist. She is also a suc
cessful teacher in Aurora. 111.; and has a
studio in me Auditorium of Chicago.
DOTY, JAMES DUANE, Jurist, con
gressman, governor, was born in 1799, in
Salem, N. Y. He was a delegate to con
gress from the territory of Wisconsin
from 1839 to 1841; from 1841 to 1844 was
governor of Wisconsin; and for many
years was United States judge for north
ern Michigan. He was also superintend
ent of Indian affairs; and was a repre
sentative in congress from tne state of
Wisconsin from 1849 to 1853. In 1864 he
was appointed governor of Utah, of which
territory he had previously been treas
urer. He died in June, 1865, at Salt Lake
City, Utah.
DOTY, LOCKWOOD LYON, lawyer,
was born May 15, 1827, in Groveland, N.
Y. He founded the state military bureau
at Albany, which collected the histories
of the volunteer regiments and provided
for the care of the sick and wounded.
In 1871 he was appointed pension agent
in New York city. He died Jan. 18, 1873,
in Jersey City, N. .1.
DOUBLEDAY, ABNER, soldier, au
thor, was born June 26, 1819, in Ballslon
Spa, N. Y. He was a colonel and brevet
, _i^_ major-general in the
United States army,
who retired from
active service in
1873. He is the au
thor of Reminis
cences of Forts Sum-
ter and Moultrie:
Chancellorsville and
Gettysburg; and
Gettysburg Made
Plain. He died Jan.
27. 1893, at his home
at Mendham. near
Morristown, N. J.
DOUBLEDAY, CHARLES. WILLIAM,
soldier, author, was born Jan. 28, 1829,
in England. He was a soldier who ac
companied Walker on the famous Nicara
gua expedition, and later served as acting
brigadier-general in the United States
army. He is the author of Reminiscences
of the Filibuster War in America.
DOUBLEDAY, ULYSSES F., journalist,
congressman, was born Dec: 15, 1792, in
New Lebanon, Conn. For twenty years
he edited a journal in the city of Auburn;
and was elected a representative to con
gress in 1831, and was again elected in
1835. He died March 11, 1866, in Belvi-
dere, 111.
DOUCET, EDWARD, college president,
was born March 12, 1825, in Canada. In
1863 he was elected president of St. Johns
college. He died Dec. 9, ISso, in Ford-
ham, N. Y.
DOUEY, CARL GREGG, lawyer, cler
gyman, author, was born July 24, 1867, in
Columbus, Ohio. He graduated from the
Ohio State university, and from Harvard
university. He was admitted to the bar,
and practiced the profession of law in
Columbus, Ohio. He has since attained
distinction as an eminent clergyman of
the methodist episcopal church; has filled
a pastorate in Bainbridge, Ohio; and
since 1896 has filled a pastorate in Gran-
ville, Ohio. He is the author of several
stories; and a constant contributor to
the religious press.
DOUGHERTY. CHARLES, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Oct. 15,
1850, in Athens, Ga. In 1876 he was
elected a representative in the Florida
legislature; was re-electen in 1878, and
was elected speaker of the house. He
was again re-elected in 1880 and 1882.
and in the latter year was again elected
speaker. He resigned in 1884 on being
elected a representative from Florida to
the forty-ninth congress; and received
the re-election to the fiftieth congress as
a democrat.
DOUGHERTY. DANIEL, lawyer, ora
tor, was born Oct. 15, 1826. in Philadel
phia. Pa. He attained prominence in
New York as a successful lawyer, and
was also a noted orator, being known
throughout the country as the Silver-
tongued Orator. He died Sept. 5. 1892.
in Philadelphia. Pa.
DOUGHERTY, HUGH, banker, legis
lator, was born July 28, 1844, in Darke
county, Ohio. He served as a union sol
dier during the civil
war, enlisting as a
member of company
F, ninety-fourth reg
iment of Ohio vol
unteer infantry. He
: was made prisoner
I of war, and sent to
Camp Chase, Ohio,
until his exchange.
After his military
career he entered
business pursuits;
became assistant
cashier in the First National bank of
Bluffton, of which his uncle, John Studa-
baker, was president. The title of this
bank was subsequently changed to the
Studabaker bank, of which institution
Mr. Dougherty has been president since
1895. He was largely instrumental in the
building of several railroads, and has
been active and liberal in the promotion
of all material interests in his city and
county, and has been equally conspicu
ous in advancing the cause of education
and morality. In 1870 he was elected to
the state senate, and served with distinc
tion in that body. In 18 78 he was a can
didate for congress; and was a delegate
to the democratic national convention in
1884 and again in 1892.
DOUGHERTY, JOHN, business man.
was born April 8, 1840, in Ireland. In
1888 he became general manager 6f the
Colorado Coal and Iron company of Pu
eblo, Colo.; and has been director 'and
trustee of numerous railroad corporations
of New York city.
DOUGHERTY, THOMAS E., merchant,
manufacturer, was born in 1858, in Port
Myron, N. Y. Since 1895 he has been de
voting nearly all his
time to an extensive
oil business in In
diana. He joined
the Ashland club of
Chicago in 1890, and
served on the board
of directors for two
successive years. In
1895 he was chosen
president of the
club, and made one
of the best executive
officers the organiza
tion e\er had. He is also a member of
the Chicago Athletic and Illinois clubs.
DOUGHTY, THOMAS, artist, was born
July 19, 1793, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was one of the earliest American artists
to make evident the charm of what is
tailed the silvery tone, and to reproduce
autumnal effects with genuine grace and
emphasis. His works include A Peep at
the Catskills; View on the Hudson; Lake
Scene; Old Mill; Delaware Water-Gap;
and Scene on the Susquehanna. He died
July 24, 1856, in New York city.
DOUGHTY. WILLIAM HENRY, sur
geon, was born Feb. 5, 1836, in Augusta.
Ga. From 1867 till 1875 he three times
held the professorship of materla medica
and therapeutics in the medical college
of Georgia (now the medical department
of the state university I
DOUGLAS, ALICE MAY. educator, au
thor, poet, was born June 28, 1865, in
Bath, Maine. She is a writer of poetry
and juvenile tales, whose home is at Bath.
Maine. Her poems include Phlox; May
Flowers; and Gems Without Polish.
Jewel Gatherers; The Peacemaker; and
Self-Exiled from Russia, are among her
tales for young readers.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
311
DOUGLAS, AMANDA MINNIE, author,
was born July 14, 1838, in New York city.
She is a popular novelist of Newark, N. .)..
whose more than thirty works of notion
have obtained a wide circulation. Among
them are In Trust; Stephen Dane;
Claudia; With Fate Against Him; Sher-
burne House; In Wild Rose Time; Seven
Daughters; Larry; and Hope Mills.
DOUGLAS, BENJAMIN, manufacturer,
inventor, governor, was born April 3.
1816, in Northford, Conn. William Doug
las died in 1858, and in 1859 a company
was formed of which Benjamin became
president. He was mayor of Middletown
for several years, a republican presiden
tial elector in 1860, and lieutenant-gov
ernor of the state in 1861-62.
DOUGLAS, BEVERLY B., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 21, 1822,
in Providence Forge, Va. In 1850 he was
a member of the state constitutional con
vention; was elected a member of the
state senate under the amended constitu
tion, and was a member of that body un
til 1865. In 1861 he entered the confeder
ate service as first lieutenant in L,ee's
mounted rangers, of which he was made
captain; then major of the fifth Virginia
cavalry, army of northern Virginia; and
resigned in 1863 to resume his legislative
duties. He was elected to the forty-
fourth congress as representative from
Virginia; and was re-elected to the forty-
fifth congress. He died Dec. 22, 1878.
DOUGLAS, GEORGE, physician, was
born May 7, 1823, in Franklin, N. Y. He
commenced the practice of his profession
at Oxford, N. Y., where he entered at
once upon a large and lucrative practice.
During tne civil war he was appointed
surgeon of the examining board of the
nineteenth district of New York at Ox
ford.
DOUGLAS, JOHN. He was commis
sioned lieutenant-colonel early in the war,
rose to the rank of colonel, and finally
to that of general, and served with dis
tinction throughout the war.
DOUGLAS, MARION, lawyer, jurist,
was born Sept. 29, 1854, in Dixfield.
Maine. In j»76 he graduated from ttie
Bates college; and was admitted to the
bar in 1874. During 1876-79 he was prin
cipal of the normal school; moved to Da
kota territory in 1880; and the same year
was elected judge of probate court of
Brown county. In 188b he moved to
Duluth, Minn., where he has since prac
ticed law continuously with eminent suc
cess.
DOUGLAS, ORLANDO BENAJAH, phy
sician, was born Sept 12, 1836, in Corn
wall, Vt. In 1885 he was elected sur
geon and director of the Manhattan Eye
and Ear hospital; and in 1888 was elected
professor of diseases of the nose and
throat in the Post-Graduate Medical
school and hospital. He is tne author of
a work entitled Is the Cure of Chronic
Nasal Catarrh as Difficult as has been
Supposed?
DOUGLAS. ROBERT MARTIN, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 28, 1849, in Rock-
ingham county, N. C., and is the son of
the late Senator Stephen A. Douglas, of
Illinois. He received his education at the
Gonzaza college and the Georgetown uni
versity of Washington, D. C.; and the
degrees of A. B.. A. M. and LL. D., were
conferred upon him. He has attained
success as one />f the foremost lawyers
of the south at Greensboro, N. C. He
was private secretary to the governor of
North Carolina; and was private secre
tary to President Grant. He has served
as United States marshal for the west
ern district of North Carolina; was col
onel in the North Carolina militia; stand
ing master in chancery of the United
States circuit court; and is now associate
justice of the supreme court of North
Carolina.
DOUGLAS. SILAS HAMILTON, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 16, 1816, in
Fredonia, N. Y. He was a professor of
chemistry at the university of Michigan
in 1844-79, and is the author of Tables for
Qualitative Chemical Analysis; and Qual
itative Chemical Analysis.
DOUGLAS, STEPHEN A., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, United States senator,
was born April 23, 1813, in Brandon, Vt.
He was elected at
torney-general of Il
linois; in 1837 was
appointed by Presi
dent Van Buren reg
ister of the land of
fice at Springfield,
111.; in 1840 was
elected secretary of
state, and the fol
lowing year judge of
the supreme court.
This office he re
signed, in conse
quence of ill-health, after sitting upon
the bench for two years. In 1843 was
elected to congress, and continued a mem
ber of the lower house for four years.
In 1847 he was elected to the United
States senate for the term ending in 1853;
and was re-elected for the term ending
in 1859. He died June 3. 1861, in Chicago,
111.
DOUGLASS, BENJAMIN F., lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born July 22, 1820,
in Shenandoah county, Va. In 1857 he was
elected as representative to the state leg
islature from Harrison county, Ind.
DOUGLASS, DAVID BATES, civil en
gineer, was born March 21, 1790, in
Pompton, N. J. In 1814 he commanded a
company on the northern frontier, and
was brevetted captain. His introduction
of inclined planes in place of locks for
canal navigation proved a success in the
Morris canal, of which he was chief en
gineer. In 1833 he began his surveys for
supplying New York with water; and in
his report showed how to obtain it from
the Croton river.
DOUGLASS, FREDERICK, orator, au
thor, was born in February, 1817, in
Tuckahoe, Md. He was a famous orator
. and the most dis
tinguished member
of the African race
in America. He was
born in slavery, but
escaped to the north
in 1838, educated
himself, and soon
became prominent as
an anti-slavery
speaker. As time
went on, his style,
always picturesque
and eloquent, be
came polished and elegant. He is the au
thor of My Bondage and My Freedom:
Narrative of My Experience in Slavery;
Life and Times of Frederick Douglass.
He died in 1895.
DOUGLASS, GEORGE LYON, lawyer,
legislator, was born April 3, 1853, in
Erie, Pa. He served with distinction as
a member of the Kansas legislature, and
in 1893 was speaker of what was known
as the Douglass house, which the su
preme court decided was the lawful house
of representatives of the state. He is
one of the loremost lawyers of the west
at Wichita, Kan., and in 1891 was coun
sel for the state in the impeachment
trial of Judge Botkin before the Kansas
.state senate.
DOUGLASS, JOHN W., lawyer. He ha.s
attained success as a lawyer, and has ii
large practice in Washington, D. C.
DOUGLASS, MARGARET CRITTEN-
DEN, educator, was born in Washington.
D. C. She opened a school for the in
struction of colored children, but it was
broken up by the authorities in 1853, and
she herself was imprisoned for a month
in the common jail. She published a
Personal Narrative, relating her expe
riences.
DOUGLASS, MYRA, poet, was born in
1844, in Adrian, Mich. Since her child
hood she has written stories and verse for
the Waverly and Ballon Magazines of
Boston, and other prominent periodicals.
Her poems are included in nearly all
standard collections of American verse.
DOUGLASS, SAMUEL J., jurist. He
was an emigrant to Florida while yet a
territory; and in 1842 was appointed one
of the judges of the United States for
that district.
DOUGLASS, WILLIAM, physician, au
thor, was born about 1691, in Scotland.
He was a Scottish physician who came
to America and settled in Boston in 1718.
His principal work is a Summary, His
torical and Political, of the British Set
tlements in America. Others of less note
are Mercurius Novanglicanus. He died
Oct. 21, 1752, in Boston, Mass.
DOUTHAT, ROBERT WILLIAM, edu
cator, author, was born April 13, 1840, in
Christiansburg, Va. He graduated from
Emory and Henry college, and has at
tained success as an educator. For eleven
years ne was professor of language in the
Missouri University School of Mines; was
a college president for ten years; and is
now professor of Latin in the West Vir
ginia university of Morgantown, W. Va.
He is the author of several educational
works, and contrioiites extensively to cur
rent literature.
DOVENER, BLACKBURN BARRETT,
soldier, lawyer, congressman, was born
April 20, 1842, in Cabell county, W. Va.
He raised a company of loyal Virginians
and served in the United States volunteer
infantry during the war. He was elected
as a representative of Ohio county in the
legislature of 1883; and was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a
republican.
DOW, DANIEL, clergyman, author, was
born Feb. 19, 1772, in Ashford, Conn. He
was a congregational clergyman of
Thompson, Conn., and the author of
Familiar Letters to Rev. John Sherman;
The Pedobaptist Catechism; The Sinaitic
and Abrahamic Covenants; and Free In
quiry Recommended on the Subject of
Free Masonry. He died July 19, 1849, in
Thompson, Conn.
DOW, LORENZO, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 16, 1777, in Coventry, Conn.
He was an eccentric methodist traveling
preacher, especially vehement against the
Jesuits. He was the author of Polemical
Works; The Stranger in Charleston, or
the Trial and Confession of Lorenzo Dow;
A Short Account of a Long Travel; Jour
nal and Miscellaneous Writings; and His
tory of a Cosmopolite, an autobiographic
work. He d.ed Feb. 2, 1834, in George
town, D. C.
DOW. MARY E. H. G., business woman,
was born Dec. 15, 1848, in Dover, N. H.
She attended the Dover academy and
graduated from the high school in
Charlestown, Mass. She is the first woman
president of a street railroad, having
been president of the Dover Street Rail
way company. She is now engaged in
real estate, and manages her own real
estate.
312
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DOW, MILTON, merchant, was born
Sept. 18, 1855, in Kansas. He received
his education in the common schools of
Iowa and Kansas. Since 1882 he has been
postmaster in Shilili, N. M., where he is
a successful merchant, and is prominent
ly identified with the public affairs of his
county and state.
DOW, MOSES A., publisher, was born
in 1810, in Littleton, N. H. In 1850 he
began the publication of the Waverly
Magazine, the circulation of which for
many years was 50,000 copies. He died
June 22, 1886, in Charlestown, Mass.
DOW, NEAL, prohibitionist, was born
March 20, 1804, in Portland, Maine. He
was of Quaker parentage; was a mer
chant and manufac-
^^^^^ turer; and was twice
elected mayor of
Portland. About
HB 1857 he became the
Ap| jMh 1 I champion of prohib-
I i t i v e legislation,
^ ^ jfl I which resulted in
V"-^" I the passage of the
I celebrated Maine
£:;Vr'J& I li(luor law of 1861'
I in honor of which
f^^ he was called the
father of the Maine
Liquor Law. He was elected to the state
legislature; served gallantly in the union
army during 1861-04; and was eight
months in Libby prison. He several
times visited England, lecturing on tem
perance. He died in 1897.
DO\VU. CHARLES FERDINAND, edu
cator, was born April 25, 1825, in Madi
son, Conn. He was president of Temple
Grove seminary of Saratoga Springs, N.
Y. He conceived the idea of adopting
one standard for railway time, and after
submitting it to a railway convention in
New York city in October, 1869, he de
vised a complete plan, which he published
with a map in 1870.
DOWD, CLEMENT, lawyer, banker,
congressman, was born Aug. 27, 1832, in
Moore county, N. C. He was mayor of
Charlotte from 1869 to 1871. He was
elected president of the Commercial Na
tional bank of that city in 1871, and con
tinued in that position. He was elected
a representative from Nortn Carolina to
the forty-seventh and forty-eighth con
gresses as a democrat.
DOWD, DANIEL L.. educator, inventor,
was born Jan. 23, 1854, in Cazenovia, N.
Y. In 1883 he moved to New York city,
where he opened a school for physical
and vocal culture, the only school of its
kind in the country. He has invented a
number of health exercise machines,
which he has manufactured on a large
scale.
DOWD, MARY ALICE, educator, poet,
was born Dec. 16, 1855, in Frankfort, W.
Va. She is an educator of Stamford,
Conn., and the author of a volume en
titled Vacation Verses.
DOWDALL, EDWARD, painter, sculp
tor, was born May 17, 1857, in Ireland.
In 1865 he emigrated to the United States.
He attended grammar school No. 24 of
New York city; Cooper Institute; Nation
al Academy of jJesign; and the Art Stu
dents' League of New York city, of which
latter institution he is a life member.
He painted the large picture of Charles
the First and >Jromwell, which was ex
hibited in 1890 at tne National Academy
of Design; and has painted numerous
portraits of prominent people of the
United States. He also modeled In clay
many busts which are now exhibited in
various parts of tne United States
DOWDELL, JAMES F., lawyer, planter,
congressman, was born Nov. 26, 1818, in
Jasper county, Ga. He moved to Ala
bama in 1846, and took charge of a female
college for one year. In 1848 he was a
presidential elector; and was a represent
ative from Alabama in the thirty-third,
thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
DUWDNEY, ABRAHAM, soldier, con
tractor, builder, congressman, was born
in October, 1810. in Ireland. He served in
the union army during the civil war as
captain in the one hundred and thirty-
second regiment New York volunteers.
He was chairman of the board of school
trustees of the nineteenth ward of New
York city from 1882 to 1885; and in 1885
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-ninth congress. He
died Dec. 10, 1886, in New York city.
DOWELL. GREENSVILLE, physician,
author, was born Sept. 1. 1822. in Albe-
marle county. Va. He originated the
Dowell system for the treatment of her
nia; and was the author of several books
on that subject and yellow fever. He died
in 1881 in Galveston, Texas.
DOWLER, BENNET, physician and
physiologist, was born April 16, 1797, in
Moundsville, Ohio. In 1854 he began m
New Orleans the Medical and Surgical
Journal. He was noted for his experi
ments upon the human body soon after
death, the results of which were given to
the world in a series of essays in 1843-44.
DOWLING, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born May 12. 1807, in England. He
was a baptist clergyman of New York
city, whose writings had a large circula
tion. He was the author of Vindication
of the Baptists; History of Romanism;
Defence of the Protestant Scriptures;
Power of Illustration; Nights and Morn
ings; Judson Offering; and Exposition of
the Prophecies Concerning the Second
Coming of Christ. He died July 4, 1878,
in Middletown, N. Y.
DOWLING, LEE, clergyman, physician,
author, poet, was born May 18, 1844, in
Bellville. Ohio. During the civil war he
was the youngest chaplain in the service.
For many years he was a professor of
physiology in medical colleges. He is
the author of The Crown of Sunday
School Songs; The Psalm of Victory; and
other music books that have attained a
wide circulation.
DOWNES. JOHN, mathematician, au
thor, was born Sept. 4, 1799, in Brooklyn,
N. Y. He was a mathematician of \Vasn-
ington, and the author of Peter Parley s
Almanacs for Old and Young; Logar
ithms and Logarithmic Lines and Tan
gents; and United biaies Almanac Com
plete, or Ephemeris. He died in 1882.
DOWNES, WiLLIAM HOWE, journal
ist, auuior, was born in 1854, in Connecti
cut. He is a Boston journalist, for many
years on the staff of the Transcript, and
the author of Spanish Ways and By-
Ways; and The Tin Army of the Poto
mac, or a Kindergarten of War.
DOWNEY, ALEXANDER C., lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born Sept. 10,
1817, in Hamilton county, Ohio. In 1862
he accepted, as a war democrat, the nom
ination for the state senate on the union
ticket, and was elected.
DOWNEY, JOHN, educator, author,
was born in 1770, in Germantown. Pa. In
1817 he was a member of the Pennsyl
vania legislature. He was the author of a
series of humorous sketches under the
signature of Simon the Wagoner. He
compiled a work entitled The Justice's
Assistant. He died July 21. 1827, in
Harrlsburg, Pa.
DOWNEY, JOHN G., statesman. He
was governor of California from 1860 to
1862.
DOWNEY, S. W., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 25, 1839, in
Westernport, Md. He served in the union
army during the war of the rebellion.
He removed to the territory of Wyoming
in 1869; was elected a member of the ter
ritorial council in 1871, 1875, and 1877;
was treasurer of the territory for three
years, and was auditor of the territory at
the time of his election as a delegate
from the territory of Wyoming to the
forty-sixth congress.
DOWNEY, WILLIAM D., merchant,
was born March 18, 1834, near Princeton,
Ind. In 1861 he went to Princeton, Ind.,
and engaged in mercantile business.
DOWNIE, DAVID, missionary, author,
was born in 1838, in Scotland. He is a
baptist missionary to India who has pub
lished a History of the Telugu Mission.
DOWNING, ANDREW JACKSON,
landscape gardener, author, was born Oct.
20, 1815, in Newburg, N. Y. He was a
noted horticulturist and landscape gar
dener of New York, who did much to
popularize a knowledge of rural art. He
was the author of Theory and Practice of
Landscape Gardening; Fruit and Fruit
Trees of America; Architecture of Coun
try Houses; Cottage Residences; and
Rural Essays. He died Aug. 28, 1852, Bear
Yonkers, N. Y.
DOWNING, CHARLES, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a delegate
to congress from the territory of Florida
from 1837 to 1841. He died Oct. 24. 1841.
DOWNING, EDWARD C., educator,
poet, was born Feb. 24, l!su2, in Wooster.
Ohio. He has been professor of Greek and
Latin in several large colleges. In 1888
he published a volume of poems entitled
Minutes With the Muses.
DOWNING, FINIS EWING, lawyer,
journalist, congressman, was born Aug.
24, 1846, in Virginia, 111. Since 1891 he
has published the Virginia Enquirer. He
was elected secretary of the senate In
1893 for the thirty-eighth general assem
bly of Illinois; and was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a democrat.
DOWNING, MRS. FRANCES, author,
poet, was born in 1835, in Portsmouth.
Va. She published Pluto, or the Origin of
Mint Julep, a story in verse after the
manner of the Ingoldsby Legends; and
several novels, including Nameless; Per
fect Througn Suffering; Florida; and Five
Little Girls and Two Little Boys. She
died in 1894, in Charlottesville, N. C.
DOWNS, ASHBEL FAIRCHILD, law
yer, author, was born Sept. 7, 1854, in
New Geneva, Pa. He attended the West
Virginia university; and has attained suc
cess in the profession of law at Union-
town, Pa. He is the author of Heroes and
Heroic Deeds, or Uncrowned Kings; and
various addresses and other papers.
DOWNS. SOLOMON V/., lawyer, United
States senator, was born In 1801, in Ten
nessee. He was United States district
attorney from 1845 to 1847; a presidential
elector In 1844; collector of the port of
New Orleans; and from 1847 to 1853 was
a senator in congress from Louisiana.
He died Aug. 14, 1854, in Orchard Springs,
Ky.
DOWS. STEPHEN LELAND. contrac
tor, state senator, was born Oct. 9, 1832,
in New York city. After the war he en
gaged in railroad building under con
tract and was then rewarded for a long
and patient effort by abundant success.
He has been elected several times to the
state senate and was at one time consid
ered for governor of the state of Iowa.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
31S
DOWSE, EDWARD, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1819 to 1821.
DOWSE, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the thirteenth congress, but died
before taking his seat, Feb. 18, 1813.
DOX, PETER MYNDERT. lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born Sept. 11, 1813,
in Geneva, N. Y. He was elected to the
legislature in 1841; and was judge of the
Ontario county courts. He removed to
Alabama in 1855; and engaged in agricul
tural pursuits; and in 1865 was elected, as
a union man. to represent Madison coun
ty in the convention called for the re
vision of the state constitution; and took
an active part in the restoration of the
state to its place in tne union. He was
elected to the forty-first and forty-sec
ond congresses as a democrat.
DOXEY, CHARLES T., congressman.
He was elected a representative from In
diana to the forty-seventh congress to fill
a vacancy.
DOYLE, EDWARD, poet. He is the au
thor of a volume of poems entitled Moody
Moments.
DOYLE, JAMES, gold miner, was born
Dec. 20. 1868, in Portland, Maine. He
holds official relations with several im
portant concerns, .
and is secretary and
assistant manager of
the Portland Gold
Mining company,
president and owner
of the Unita Mining
and Transportation
company. He is also
a director in vari
ous mining com
panies and business
enterprises; and
takes an active part
in public affairs of his city and state.
DOYLE. JOHN T., lawyer, was born
Nov. 26, 1819, in New York city. He has
been for three successive terms viticul-
tural commissioner for the state at large,
and during his last term president of the
board. He has also been for over thirty
years trustee of the San Francisco law
library, and for several years back presi
dent of that institution.
DOYLE, RICHARD DEVEREUX, law
yer, poet, was bom Oct. 8, 1850, in Nor
folk, Va. After receiving the degree of
bachelor of law at the university of Vir
ginia, and graduating in moral philoso
phy and logic, he went to Indianapolis
and there practiced law and edited a
weekly newspaper. He lately became as
sistant attorney-general of the state of
Indiana. He is still engaged in the prac
tice of law in his native city, where he
has filled all the high offices in the gift
of his city and county. His poems have
been incorporated in several standard
works.
DRAKE, ALEXANDER WILSON, en
graver, art director, was born in 1843, In
Westfield, N. J. In 1865 he established
himself in the business of wood-engrav
ing, doing work for publishers; and in
1870 he was made art superintendent of
Scribner's Monthly, which in 1881 be
came known as the Century Magazine,
and with which he has since been con
tinuously connected.
DRAKE, BENJAMIN, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1794, in Mason county.
Ky. He was a Cincinnati journalist
whose writings include Cincinnati in
1820; Tales and Sketches from the Queen
City; Life of Black Hawk; Life of Wil
liam Henry Harrison; anu Life of Te-
cumseh. He died April 1, 1841, in Cincin
nati. Ohio.
DRAKE, BENJAMIN M., ' clergyman,
college president, was born Sept. 11,
1800, in North Carolina. He was instru
mental in building the tirst methodist
church in New Orleans; was president of
Elizabeth Female academy, the first
methodist school established in that
state; and was also president of Cente
nary college. He died in 1860 in Missis
sippi.
DRAKE, CHARLES DANIEL, lawyer,
United States senator, author, was born
April 11, 1811, in Cincinnati, Ohio. In
1859 he was elected to the Missouri legis
lature; and in 1861 and 1862 he took an
active and conspicuous part against the
secession movement. In 1863 he was
elected to the Missouri state convention;
was a presidential elector in 1864; and in
1S65 was a member and vice-president of
the convention that formed the present
constitution of Missouri. In 1867 he was
elected a senator in congress from Mis
souri for the term ending in 1873; and in
1871 was appointed chief justice of the
court of claims. He was the author of a
Treatise on the Law of Suits by Attach
ment in the United States; and a Life of
Daniel Drake.
DRAKE, DANIEL, physician, author,
was born Oct. 20, 1785, in Plainfield, N. J.
He was a distinguished physician of Cin
cinnati and Philadelphia who is best
known by his valuable work on The Dis
eases of the Interior Valley of North
America, which embodies a vast amount
of patient research. His other works in
clude Pictures of Cincinnati and the Mi
ami Country; History of the Prevention
and Treatment of Epidemic Cholera; Es
says on Medical Education; Discourses;
and Pioneer Life in Kentucky. He died
Nov. 6. 1852, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
DRAKE, ELIAS FRANKLIN, cap
italist, state senator, was born Dec. 21,
1813, in Urbana, Ohio. He was president
of the Dayton and Xenia railroad, and of
the Dayton and Western raiiroad. He
served in the state legislature; in 1838
accepted the presidency of the Columbus
Insurance company; in 1864 he built the
St. Paul and Sioux City raiiroad; and in
1873 he was elected to the state senate of
Minnesota. He died Feb. ]4, 1892, in San
Diego, Cal.
DRAKE, FRANCIS MARION, soldier,
merchant, lawyer, railroad president,
banker, governor, was born Dec. 30. 1830,
in Rushville, 111. In
1852 he crossed the
plains to Sacramen
to, Cal.; and while
crossing Shell Creek,
Neb., in command of
twenty men, he had
a severe engagement
with three hundred
Pawnee Indians,
, which were defeated
with heavy loss in
I killed and wounded.
He subsequently was
connected with his father. John Adams
Drake, in the mercantile and milling
business in Dra&eville and Centerville,
Iowa. In 1861 he enlisted and was com
missioned captain of a company; served
with distinction throughout the civil war.
and was brevetted brigadier-general of
volunteers. After the war he became a
noted lawyer, and subsequently was en
gaged in the railroad and banking busi
ness. He projected, constructed and put
into operation five railroads; and has been
president of the Indiana, Illinois and Iowa
Railroad company; president of the Albia
and Centerville Railroad company; presi
dent of Centerville national bank. In
1895 he was elected governor of the state
of Iowa.
DRAKE, FRANCIS SAMUEL, author,
was born Feb. 22, 1828, in Northwood, N.
H. He prepared without aid a Dictionary
of American Biography, the materials for
which he was twenty years in collecting.
He also published a Memorial of the Mas
sachusetts Society of the Cincinnati
(1873); Life of Gen. Henry Knox (1873);
The Town of Roxbury (1873); Tea-Leaves
(1884); and Indian History for Young
Folks (1885). He edited Schoolcraft's
History of the Indians; and contributed
articles on Brighton, Watertown, and
Roxbury to the Memorial History of Bos
ton. His Dictionary of American Biogra
phy, with his latest corrections and all
the materials that he had gathered for a
new edition, was incorporated in Apple-
ton's Cyclopaedia of American Biography.
He died Feb. 22, 1885, in Washington,
D. C.
DRAKE, J. MADISON, soldier, journal
ist, author, was born March 25. 1837, in
Somerset county, N. J. In 1861 he organ
ized the first company of United States vol
unteers which was raised in New Jersey
for three months' service; and was the
first who unfurled the first federal flag on
confederate soil. He was wounded and
made a prisoner of war, and received a
congressional medal. After the war he be
gan the publication of the Daily Monitor
at Elizabeth, N. J.; in 1889 he started The
Sunday Leader, and the same year be
gan the issue of The Daily Leader. Gen
eral Drake is the author of a History of
the Ninth New Jersey Volunteers; Fast
and Loose in Dixie; Across me Conti
nent; and other works.
DRAKE, JAMES PERRY, soldier, leg
islator, was born Sept. 11, 1797, in Rob
ertson county, N. C. In 1832 he was ap
pointed brigade inspector. While in Mex
ico he was made civil and military gover
nor of Matamoras, and commander of
all forces of the lower Rio Grande. He
was sent to the legislature from Marion
county, and then elected treasurer of
state.
DRAKE, JOHN ADAMS, merchant,
banker, state legislator, was born in 1804,
in Nash county, N. C. He was of English
descent, and traced his ancestry back to
Sir Francis Drake; and also to the dis
tinguished Adams family. In 1837 he
moved from Rushville, 111., to Fort Madi
son, Iowa, and subsequently was probate
judge of Lee county. In 1846 he moved
to Davis county, where he founded Drake-
ville, and there built up a large mercan
tile, packing and milling business in con
nection with his two sons, John Hamilton
and Francis Marion. In 1866 he com
menced the banking business in Drake-
ville; and ten years later removed to Cen
terville; and was president of the Cen-
terviiie National bank at the time of his
death. During 1852-53 he was a member
of the Iowa state legislature. He died in
May, 1880, in Centerville, Iowa.
DRAKE. JOHN BURROUGHS, hotel
man, was born Jan. 17, 1826, in Lebanon,
Ohio. In 1874 he leased the Grand Pa
cific hotel and managed the house suc
cessfully until the spring of 1895, retiring
then on account of the high rent demand
ed. He was president of the Chicago and
Joliet railroad. He died Nov. 12, 1895. in
Chicago, 111.
DRAKE, JOHN R., jurist, congressman,
was born in 1783. He was one of the
earnest settlers in Tioga county, N. Y.;
and was a representative in congress
from that state from 1817 to 1819. He was
elected judge of Tioga county in 1833;
and was a member of the New York as
sembly in 1834. He died March 21, 1857.
in Oswego, N. Y.
314
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DRAKE, JOSEPH RODMAN, physi
cian, author, poet, was borri Aug. 7, 1795,
in New York city. He was a talented
physician of New York city, co-author
with Halleck of The Croaker Papers in
the Evening Post. His poetical fame rests
on The Culprit Fay; and The American
Flag. He died Sept. 21, 1820.
DRAKE, SAMUEL ADAMS, author,
was born Dec. 20, 1833, in Boston, Mass.
He is the author of Around the Hub, a
Boy's Book About Boston; The Heart of
the White Mountains; Old Landmarks
and Historic Personages of Boston;
Nooks and Corners of the New England
Coast; Old Landmarks and Historic
Fields of Middlesex; Captain Nelson;
The Watch Fires of '76; Burgoyne's In
vasion of 1777; The Taking of Louisburg;
The Battle of Gettysburg; Our Colonial
Homes; New England Legends and Folk-
Lore; The Making of New England, 1580-
1643; The Making of Virginia and the
Middle Colonies, 1578-1701; The Making
of the Ohio Valley States, 16GO-1837; The
Making of the Great West, 1512-1853;
History of Middlesex County; and The
Pine-Tree Coast.
DRAKE, SAMUEL GARDINER, au
thor, was born Oct. 11, 1798, in Pittsfleld,
N. H. He was a Boston bookseller of
antiquarian tastes who, beside editing
several historical works, was the author
of Memoir of Cotton Mather; Entertain
ing History of King Philip's War; Book
of the Indians; Old Indian Chronicle; Ac
count of the Family of Drake; Memoir
of Walter Raleiph; History and Antiqui
ties of Boston: Indian Biography; Indian
Captivities; Annals of Witchcraft in the
United States; and History of the French
and Indian War. He died in 1875.
DRAKE, THOMAS J., lawyer, journal
ist, jurist, was born April 18, 1799. in
Scipio, N. Y. In 1822 he settled at Pon-
tiac, Mich., and was a leading lawyer
for more than fifty years. He was a mem
ber of the territorial council from 1828
to 1831. He was senator in 1839-41, and
acting governor in 1841-42. He was pros
ecuting attorney; register of probate;
presidential elector in 1840 and 1856;
chief justice of Utah from 1862 to 1869;
and publisher of a paper first at Flint,
then at Pontiac. He died April 20, 1875.
DRAPER, ANDREW SLOAN, lawyer,
educator, college president, author, was
born June 21, 1848, in Westford, N. Y.
He was a lawyer and educator of Albany,
and since 1894 president of the university
of Illinois. He is the author of What
Ought the Common Schools to Do?; How
to Improve the Country Schools; Powers
and Obligations of Teachers; School Ad
ministration in Large Cities; Origin of
the New York Common School System;
A Teaching Profession; Authority of the
State in Education; Legal Status of the
Public Schools; Normal and Training
School System of New York; Responsibil
ity and Authority of Trustees; American
Schools and American Citizenship: and
Public School Pioneering in New York
and Massachusetts.
DRAPER. DANIEL, meteorologist, was
born April 2, 1841, in New York city. He
has invented numerous self-recording in
struments, including the photographic
barograph and thermographs (dry and
wet), pencil gauges for rain and snow,
for direction of the wind, and for the ve
locity and force of the wind.
DRAPER, HENRY, educator, author,
was born March 7, 1837, in Prince Ed
ward county, Va. He was the author of
The Construction of a Silvered Glass Tel
escope; and Text -Book of Chemistry. He
died Nov. 20, 1882. in New York city.
DRAPER, JOHN CHRISTOPHER, phy
sician, author, was born March 31, 1835.
in Mecklenburg county, Va. He was a
New York physician, professor in the uni
versity of New York; and the author of
Text-BooK in Anatomy; Physiology and
Hygiene; Practical Laboratory Course in
Physics; and Text-Book of Medical Phys
ics. He died Dec. 20, 1885, in New York
city.
DRAPER, JOHN WILLIAM, scientist,
author, was born May 5, 1811, near Liver
pool, England. He was a distinguished
scientist who came from England to the
United States in 1832, and from 1839 to
1881 was connected with the univer
sity of New York. He was the author of
History of the Civil War in America;
History of tiie Intellectual Development
of Europe; The Future Civil Policy of
America; Human Physiology; Elements
of Chemistry; Text-Book of Natural Phi
losophy; Text-Book on Physiology; Re
searches in Actino-Chemistry; Scientific
Memoirs; and History of the Conflict be
tween Religion and Science. He died Jan.
4, 1882, in Hasting's-on-Hudson, N. Y.
DRAPER, JOSEPH, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1830 to 1833.
DRAPER, LYMAN COPELAND, anti
quarian, author, was born Sept. 4, 1815, in
Adams, N. Y. he was an antiquarian
writer of Madison, Wis.; and the author
of Madison, the Capital of Wisconsin;
and King's Mountain and its Heroes. He
died Aug. 27. 1891, in Madison, Wis.
DRAPER. THOMAS JEFFERSON,
physician, was born Oct. 7, 1852, near
Mineral Springs, Ark. He attended the
South Arkansas college; and in 1878
graduated in medicine from the univer
sity of Louisville. He has received a clas
sical education; and is well read in litera
ture, science and political economy, as
well as in medicine. He has been mayor
of Mineral Springs, Ark.; president of the
Howard County Medical society; exam
iner for four life insurance companies; a
member of the board of medical exami
ners, and of various other medical bodies.
DRAPER, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, sol
dier, manufacturer, congressman, was born
April 9. 1842. in Lowell, Mass. He served
in the union army
during 1861-64, and
held commissions as
second lieutenant,
first lieutenant, cap
tain, major, and
lieutenant - colonel,
commanding, also as
colonel and briga
dier-general b y
brevet. He is a
manufacturer of cot
ton machinery and
has made and pat
ented many improvements in such ma
chinery. He was president of the Home
Market club in 1891 and 1892; was a dele
gate to the republican national conven
tion in 1876; was colonel on staff of Gov
ernor Long from 1880 to 1883. He was a
(andidate for governor before the repub
lican state convention of 1888 and chosen
presidential elector at large the same
year; and was elected to the fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses as a repub
lican, and declined a re-election. In 1897
he was appointed ambassador to Italy.
DRAPIER. WILLIAM H., journalist,
author, was born Sept. 4, 1832, in Boston,
Mass. In 1861 he was elected and com
missioned colonel of the state militia.
For thirty years he was an official ste
nographer in the constitutional conven
tions of several states, and various politi
cal bodies, and edited several newspapers.
He is now the proprietor of the Indiana
Journal of Commerce of Indianapolis.
Ind. He has been elected and re-elected
frequently as an officer 01' the Indiana
Kditors' and Publishers' association.
DRAYTON, HENRY b., journalist, au
thor, was born Sept. 16, 1840, in New Jer
sey. He is connected with the publish
ing house of Fowler and Wells; and is
the editor of the Phrenological Journal
and Science and Health. Besides his ed
itorial work that would fill volumes, he is
author of several books, among them,
Light in Dark Places; and Brain and
Mind.
DRAYTON, JOHN, governor, author,
was born in 1766, in South Carolina. He
was governor of South Carolina from
1800 to 1802, and from 1808 to 1810; and
was district judge of the United States
for some years previous to his death. He
published A View of South Carolina; Me
moirs of the Revolution in South Caroli
na, in two volumes; and Letters Written
During a Tour Through the Northern and
Eastern States. He died Nov. 27, 1822, in
Charleston, S. C.
DRAYTON, WILLIAM, jurist, was
born in 1733, in South Carolina. In 1789
he was appointed the first United States
judge for the district of South Carolina.
He died May 18, 1790.
DRAYTON, WILLIAM, soldier, con
gressman, was born Dec. 30, 1776, in St.
Augustine, Fla. He was a captain in the
South Carolina militia; in 1812 was com
missioned a colonel in the United Stales
army, and inspector-general in 1814. He
assisted Generals Scott and Macomb in
preparing a System of Infantry Tactics
for the army. He was elected recorder of
Charleston in 1819; and was a represent
ative in congress from South Carolina
from 1825 to 1833. He was chosen presi
dent of the United States bank in 1840.
He died May 24, 1846, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DRAYTON, WILLIAM HENRY, jurist,
statesman, author, was born in 1742, in
South Carolina. In 1771 he was appoint
ed a judge; was president of the provin
cial congress; and was made chief justice
in 1776. He was a leading member of the
South Carolina assembly; was a delegate
to the continental congress from 1778 to
1779, and was a signer of the articles of
confederation. He was the author of a
History of the American Revolution,
which was afterward published in three
volumes by his son. He died in 1779.
DREHER, JULIUS DANIEL, educator,
college president, was born Oct. 28, 1846,
in Lexington county. S. C. He graduated
with honors from the RoanoKe college of
Salem, Va. ; of which institution he has
been president since 1878; ana for seven
years prior to that time was professor
in the same college.
DRESSER, HORACE, lawyer, author.
He wrote much on constitutional ques
tions, and published The Battle Record of
the American Rebellion; and Internal
Revenue Laws as Amended to July, 1866.
He died Jan. 27, 1877.
DREW, DANIEL, capitalist, was born
in 1788, in Carmel. N. Y. In 1866 he was
treasurer of the Erie Railroad company,
to which he lent the sum of $3,500,000, re
ceiving as security $3,000,000 of shares of
unused stock and $3,000.000 of bonds con
vertible into stock. In I860 he gave $250,-
000 to found the Drew Theological serai-
nary of Madison, N. J., and increased this
sum by successive donations to nearly
$1,000,000. He (lied Sept. 19, 1879. in New
York city.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
315
DREW, FRANKLIN MELLEN, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born July 19, 1837, in
Turner, Maine. In 1858 he graduated
from Bowdoin college. He was a union
soldier for over three years during the
civil war, and was promoted to major and
brevet colonel. During 1868-71 he was
secretary of the state of Maine. In 1889
he was elected department commander,
department of Maine, of the Grand Army
of the Republic. Since 1889 he has served
with distinction as judge of probate. He
is one of the foremost lawyers of his na
tive state, and has a law office in Lewis-
ton, Maine.
DREW, GEORGE F., statesman. He
was governor of Florida from 1877 to 1881.
DREW, JOHN, comedian, was born
1 Nov. 13, 1854, in Philadelphia, Pa. He has
, created more than forty parts in comedy,
personating all with skill and care, and
many with brilliant success. Petruchio,
. in Taming the Shrew, is his favorite char
acter.
DREW, THOMAS S., statesman. He
was governor of Arkansas from 1844 to
1848.
DREXEL, ANTHONY JOSEPH, bank
er, philanthropist, was born in 1826, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is president of the
banking establishment of the New York
Drexel, Morgan and Co.; and founded
and heavily endowed the Drexel institute,
which has achieved a wide reputation.
DREXEL, JOSEPH WILHELM, bank
er, was born Jan. 24, 1831, in Philadel
phia, Pa. After his father's death he re
turned to Philadelphia, and in 1871, with
Junius S. Morgan of London, established
in New York city the banning house of
Drexel. Morgan and Co., becoming its
head. He died March 25, 1888, in New
York city.
DRIGGS, JOHN F., congressman, was
born March 8, 1813, in Kinderhook, N. Y.
In 1844 he was appointed superintendent
of the New York penitentiary; and in
1850 settled in East Saginaw, Mich. He
was president of that village in 1858; and
during the two succeeding years was a
member of the Michigan legislature.
He was elected a representative from
Michigan to the thirty-eighth, thirty-
ninth and fortieth congresses as a repub
lican. He died Dec. 17, 1877.
DRINKER, MRS. ANNA, author, poet,
was born Dec. 3, 1827, in Philadelphia.
Pa. She is the author of Poems by Edith
May; Tales and Verses for Children; and
Katy's Story.
DRISCOL, MICHAEL, clergyman, was
born in 1805 in Ireland. He was superior
of the theological seminary at Fordham.
and afterward president of St. Francis
Xavier college. New York. He erected
the church of St. Michael in Troy, N. Y.
He died in 1880 in Troy, N. Y.
DRISLER, HENRY, educator, author,
was born Dec. 27, 1818, on btaten Island,
N. Y. He is a classical scholar of dis
tinction, professor at Columbia college
since 1843, whose Greek and English Lex
icon has long been a standard authority.
DROMGOOLE. GEORGE C., lawyer,
congressman, was born in Virginia.
He served for many years in the two
houses of the state legislature, and
was president of the senate. He was a
member of the second constitutional con
vention of Virginia; and was a represent
ative in congress from Virginia from 183
to 1841, and from 1843 to 1847. He died
April 27. 1847.
DRONE, EATON SYLVESTER, jour
nalist, author, was born Jan. 25, 1842, in
Zanesville, Ohio. He is a legal writer on
the staff of the New York Herald; and
the author of The Law of Property in In
tellectual Productions, embracing Copy
right and Playright.
DRUM, AUGUSTUS, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1853 to 1855.
DRUMMOND, JOSIAH HAYDEN, law
yer, aunior, was born in 1827. He is a
lawyer who was attorney-general of
Maine for some years, and published
Maine Masonic Text-Book for Use of
Lodges; and History of Masonic Jurispru
dence.
DRUMMOND, THOMAS, lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Oct. 16, 1809, in
Bristol, Maine, he removed to Galena,
111., in 1835; was elected to the house of
representatives of Illinois in 1840; was
appointed judge of the district court of the
United States for Illinois in 1850. He re
moved 10 Chicago in 1854; became judge
of the uistrict court of the United States
for the northern district of Illinois. In
1868 he moved to V/infield, where he died
in 1897.
DRUMMOND, WILLIAM W., jurist. He
was a resiuent of Illinois; and was ap
pointed an associate justice of the United
States court for the territory of Utah.
DRURY, AUGUSTUS WALDO, clergy
man, author, was born in 1851. He is a
clergyman of the sect of united brethren
in Christ who has written a Life of Otter-
bein, the founder of the sect.
DRURY, JOHN BENJAMIN, clergy
man, lecturer, author, was born Aug. 15,
1838, in Rhinebeck, N. Y. He attended
the Rhinebeck academy, Rutgers college,
and the New Brunswick Theological sem
inary; and has received the degree of D.
D. He has been president of the general
synod of tne reformed church of Amer
ica; was Vedder lecturer in 1883; and
since 1887 has been editor of the Chris
tian Intelligencer of New York city. He
is the author of Trutns and Untruths of
Evolution; and various other works.
DRURY, MARION RICHARDSON,
journalist, author, was born Dec. 27, 1849,
in Pendleton, Ind. In 1889 he was ap
pointed editor of The Religious Tele
scope of Dayton, Ohio. He is the author
of The Pastor's Pocket Book; Handbook
for Workers; and At Hand.
DRURY, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
inventor, was born Jan. 12, 1842, in Wor
cester, Mass. In 1865 he graduated from
•Yale college, and since 1873 has been a
successful lawyer in Boston, Mass. He
is the inventor of the system of spinning
yarn, by which numerous strands of
twisted and completed yarn are made di
rectly from the ring-doffers of a card
ing machine without any subsequent pro
cess or spinning.
DRYDEN, JOHN FA1RFIELD, presi
dent of the Prudential Insurance Company
of America, was born Aug. 7, 1839, in
Farmington. Maine.
In 1875 the real
birth of industrial
insurance in Ameri-
^^^ ca took place. On
ff that day was form
ed what is now
The Prudential In
surance Company of
^^^^t^t* America. Into it
^^^k "^^^ ' were merged all the
Bk ML rights, titles, inter-
I ests and obligations
of The Friendly so
ciety, and Mr. Dryden accepted the nomi
nally modest but all important office of
secretary. From the first he has been the
chief guide and motive power of the insti
tution.
DRYSDALE, THOMAS MURRAY, phy
sician, author, was born Aug. 31, 1831, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1862 he delivered a
course of lectures on the microscope in
the Franklin institute. He was a dele
gate to the international medical con
gress in 1876, and one of the founders of
the American gynecological society.
DUANE, JAMES, jurist, statesman, was
born Feb. 6, 1733, in New York city. He
was a member of the continental con
gress from 1774 to 1784, and signed the
articles of confederation. He attended the
Indian treaty at Albany in August, 1775;
was a member of the constitutional con
vention in 1776 and 1777, and on the com
mittee which drafted it. He was a mem
ber -of the committee of safety; in 1783
returned to New York city on its evacua
tion by the British, and became a mem
ber of the council. He was state senator
in 1783 and 1784; first mayor of New
York in 1784; member of the convention
to adopt the federal constitution in 1788;
United States district judge from 1789 to
1794. He died Feb. 1. 1797, in Duanesburg,
N. Y.
DUANE, JAMES CHATHAM, general,
author, was born June 30, 1824, in Schen-
ectady, N. Y. He is a retired brigadier-
general of the United States army; and
the author of A Manual for Engineer
Troops.
DUANE, RUSSELL, lawyer, was born
June 15, 1866, in Gloucester county, N. J.
In 1892 he was appointed junior counsel
for the government in the Behring sea ar
bitration proceedings.
DUANE, WILLIAM, journalist, author,
was born in 1760 near Lake Champlain.
N. Y. He was a prominent journalist and
politician of Philadelphia; and the au
thor of Military Dictionary; The Missis
sippi Question; An Epitome of the Arts
and Sciences; Visit to Colombia in 1822;
American Military Library; Handbook
for Riflemen; and Handbook for Infan
try. He died Nov. 24, 1835, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
DUANE, WILLIAM, author, was born
in 1807 in Pennsylvania. He is a Phila
delphia writer who published Relation of
Landlord to Tenant in Pennsylvania; Law
of Roads in Pennsylvania; Canada and
the Continental Congress; and Ligan, a
collection of tales and essays.
DUANE, WILLIAM JOHN, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1780 in Ireland. He was
an eminent lawyer of Philadelpnia who
was secretary of the treasury in 1833, and
was dismissed from office by President
Jackson for declining to order the deposits
removed from the bank of the United
States. He was the author of The Law
of Nations Investigated; Letters on In
ternal Improvement; and Narrative and
Correspondence Concerning the Removal
of the Deposits, 1838. He died Sept. 27,
1865, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DUBBS, JOSEPH HENRY, clergyman,
author, poet, was born Oct. 5, 1838, in Al-
lentown, Pa. He is a German reformed
clergyman, and has
been professor of
history in Franklin
and Marshall college,
Lancaster, Pa., since
1875. He is the au
thor of Otterbein
and the Reformed
Church; Historic
Manual of the Re
formed Church;
Home Ballads and
Metrical Versions;
and Why Am I Re
formed? He is also the author of a num
ber of poems.
316
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DU BIGNON, FLEMING G., lawyer,
state senator, was born July 25, 1853, in
Milledgeville, Ga. He was county judge
of Baldwin county, Ga.; state senator and
chairman of the judiciary committee in
1882; solicitor-general in 1884; and state
senator and president of the senate in
1888.
DU BOIS, AUGUSTUS JAY, educator,
author, was born April 25, 1849, in New
ton Falls, Ohio. He has been a pro
fessor of engineering at Yale university
since 1877; and is the author of Ele
ments of Graphical Statics; The New
Method of Graphical Statics; Strains in
Framed Structures; and Mechanics.
DUBOIS, CHARLES EDWARD, artist,
was born Oct. 19, 1847, in Hoboken, N. J.
At the Philadelphia exhibition he exhibit
ed Willows at East Hampton and The
Palisades of the Hudson; at the Paris
exposition of 1878, Morning in Venice,
View on the Hudson, and Autumn. He
died March 6, 1885, in Italy.
DUBOIS, FRED T., congressman,
United States senator, was born May 29,
1851, in Crawford county, 111. He was
United States marshal of Idaho from 1882
till 1886, and was elected to the fiftieth
and fifty-first congresses as a republican
delegate, being the last delegate from the
territory. He was elected to the United
States senate as a republican for term of
1891-97.
DU BOIS, HENRY K., physician, was
born Aug. 31, 1847, in New Berlin, Wis.
During 1870-76 he was connected with the
hospitals in New York city; since 1889 he
has been a member of the board of medi
cal examiners for Florida; and in 1895
became president of the Florida State
Medical association.
DUBOIS, JOHN, Roman catholic bishop,
was born Aug. 24. 1764, in Paris, France.
He was the founder of Mount St. Mary's
college of Emmittsburg, Va., and also its
president. He was appointed bishop of
New York in 1826, and at his instance the
sisters of charity from Emmittsburg
founded the first female academy in the
city of New York in 1829. HP died Dec.
20. 1842, in New York city.
DU ROIS. WILLIAM EDWARD BURG-
HARDT, educator, author, was born in
1868. He is an educator of African de
scent, assistant professor of sociology in
the university of Pennsylvania, and the
author of The Suppression of the African
Slave Trade to the United States. 1638-
1810.
DU BOIS, WILLIAM EWING. numis
matist, author, was born Dec. 15, 1810, in
Doylestown. Pa. He was a Philadelphia
numismatist, assayer at the mint, and
the author of Manual of Gold and Silver
Coins of All Nations; and Pledges of His
tory, an account of the Antique Coins in
the United States Mint. He died July 14
1881, in Philadelphia. Pa.
DU BOIS, WILLIAM H.. legislator,
banker, financier, was born March 24
1835. in Randolph, Vt. In 1875 he organ
ized the Randolph National bank, and has
been its president since. In 1876 he was
a member of the Vermont general assem
bly from Randolph, and of the senate
from Orange county in 1892. In 1882 he
was elected state treasurer, and held the
office eight years consecutively.
nUBOISE. DUDLEY M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 23, 1834. in Shel
by county, Tenn. He served as a gen
eral In the confederate army, and was
elected a representative from Georgia to
the forty-second congress. He died March
2. 1883.
DU BOSE, MRS. CATHERINE ANNE
(.RICHARDS), author, poet, was born
Sept. 19, 1826, in England. She is a Geor
gia writer who published The Pastor's
Household, or Lessons on the Eleventh
Commandment, a juvenile tale.
DU BOSE, DUDLEY McIVER, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct. 28,
1834, in Shelby county, Tenn. At the be
ginning of the civil war he entered the
confederate army and rose to the rank of
brigadier-general. After the war he rep
resented Georgia in the forty-second con
gress as a democrat.
DU BOSE, HORACE MELLARD, cler
gyman, poet, was born Nov. 7, 1858, near
Mobile, Ala. He has been the chief edi
tor of the Pacific Methodist Advocate, the
leading religious newspaper on the Pa
cific coast. He is the author of a volume
entitled Rupert Wise, a poetic romance in
eight cantos; and Psyche, a symbolic
poem.
DUBOURG, LOUIS GUILLAUME VAL
ENTIN, bishop, was born Feb. 14, 1766.
In 1815 he was appointed the first Roman
catholic bishop of New Orleans. He died
Feb. 12, 1833, in France.
DUBUIS, CLAUDE MARIE. Roman
catholic bishop, was born in 1817, in
France. In 1862 he was appointed bishop
of Galveston, Texas.
DUCACHET, HENRY WILLIAM, cler
gyman, was born Feb. 17, 1796, in Charles
ton, S. C. He filled the office of rector of
the Burd Orphan asylum, an institution
which owes its origin to his exertions.
He died Dec. 13, 1865, in Philadelphia. Pa.
DUCATEL, JULIUS TIMOLEON, chem
ist, educator, author, was born June 6,
1796, in Baltimore, Md. He was a chem
ist of Baltimore, professor in the univer
sity of Maryland and author of a Manual
of Toxicology. He died in 1849.
DUCEY, THOMAS JAMES, clergyman,
was born Feb. 4, 1843, in Ireland. He
purchased property, and for three years
maintained the work to which he had de
voted himself out of his own resources.
In 1880 he founded the church of St. Leo
at a cost of $200,000.
DU CHAILLU, PAUL BELLONI, au
thor, was born July 31, 1835, in France.
He is a noted French traveler who has
become a naturalized citizen of the United
States, and is the author of Ivar the Vik
ing; Explorations and Adventures in
Equatorial Africa; A Journey to Ashango
Land; My Apingi Kingdom: Wild Life
Under the Equator; Lost in the Jungle;
The Country of the Dwarfs; Land of the
Midnight Sun; Age of the Vikings; and
Stories of the Gorilla Country.
DUCHE, JACOB, clergyman, was born
in 1737 in Philadelphia. Pa. He was an
episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia, and
the author of several works. He died Jan.
3, 1798. in Philadelphia. Pa.
DUCHESNE, LEON C.. journalist,
statesman, was born Feb. 7, 1840, in Cald-
well parish. La. He is now proprietor and
publisher of The Republican of Natchez.
Miss.; and publisher of The Baptist Sig
nal. He was nominated for the fifty-first
congress by the republicans of the sixth
Mississippi district.
DUCHESNE. PH1LIPPA ROSE, was
born in 1769 In France. She was the
foundress of the first houses of the Society
of the Sacred Heart in America. She died
In 1852 In St. Charles, La.
DUCKETT, ALLEN B., jurist, was born
in Maryland. In 1806 he was appointed
judge of the circuit court of the United
Stsites for the District of Columbia.
DUDLEY, AUGUSTUS P., physician,
surgeon, author, was born July 4, 1853, in
Phippsburg, Maine. In 1887 he was ap
pointed instructor at the Post-Graduate
Medical school, and for eighteen years
was surgeon in the Women's hospital of
New York city. He is the author of Sur
gical Treatment, and other articles.
DUDLEY, MRS. BLANDINA, philan
thropist, was born in 1783 in New York.
In 1856 she gave seventy-five thousand
dollars toward the endowment and erec
tion of Dudley observatory in Albany, Jn
memory of her husband. At the time of
her death she had given more than one
hundred thousand dollars toward its com
pletion. She died in January, 1863, in
Albany, N. Y.
DUDLEY, CHARLES BENJAMIN,
chemist, was born July 14, 1842, in Oxford.
N. Y. In 1874 he became instructor of
physics in the university of Pennsylvania,
but resigned at the end of the year. HP
became chemist to the Pennsylvania Rail
road company.
DUDLEY, CHARLES EDWARD, mer
chant, United States senator, was born
May 23, 1780, in England. He was state
senator from 1820 to 1825: mayor of Al
bany, N. Y., from 1821 to 1828, and United
States senator from 1829 to 1833. He died
Jan. 23, 1841, in Albany, N. Y.
DUDLEY, DEAN, lawyer, author, was
born May 23, 1823, in Kingfield, Maine. He
is a Boston lawyer of antiquarian tastes;
and the author of Pictures of Life in Eng
land and America; The Dudley Genealo
gies; Social and Political Aspects of Eng
land and the Continent; History of the
First Council of Nice; Officers of the
Army and Navy; and History of the Dud
ley Family.
DUDLEY, EDWARD B., congressman,
governor. He was a representative in con
gress from North Carolina, from 1829 to
1831; and in 1836 was elected the first gov
ernor of North Carolina under the amend
ed constitution of that state, rfe was sub
sequently appointed president of the Wil
mington and Raleigh Railroad company.
He died Oct. 30, 1855, in Wilmington.
N. C.
DUDLEY, JAMES G., lawyer, politician,
orator, was born April 8, 1848, in Hanni
bal, Mo. He was educated at the public
schools at St. Louis.
Mo. He has attained
distinction as a pro
found lawyer and a
successful advocate :
and has been counsel
in the leading civil
and crimin&l cases in
Texas. in which
state he has a law
office in Paris. He
has filled all the po
litical offices o f
honor in the demo
cratic party of his state; and as a plat
form speaker and orator has gained a
national reputation.
DUDLEY, JOSEPH, colonial governor
of Massachusetts, was born Sept. 23, 1647.
in Roxbury, Mass. From 1677 to 1681 he
was one of the commissioners for the
united colonies. In 1687 he was appointed
chief justice of the superior court, and
was made chief justice of New York in
1690. From 1702 to 1715 he was captain-
general and governor-in-chief of Massa
chusetts Bay. He died April 2, 1720, in
Roxbury, Mass.
DUDLEY, PAUL, jurist, was born Sept.
3, 1675. In 1745 he became chief justice
of Massachusetts. He represented Rox
bury for several years in the legislature.
He died January. 1751. in Roxbury. Mass.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
317
DUDLEY, PEMBERTON, educator, phy
sician, was born Oct. 17, 1837, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is professor of institutes
of medicine and hygiene in Hahnemann
college.' He was editor of the Hahne-
mannian Monthly for eight years, and has
written and published numerous articles
in the journals of his school of medicine.
DUDLEY, SARAH MARIE, artist, busi
ness woman, was born in 1849, in Carlton,
Mich. She has attained success as an
artist; and has a stu-
$ dio in Detroit, Mich.
!.' She is also an inven-
. tor, but it is as an
' architect, designer
I and builder she has
* won her greatest
I success. She bought
I land in what proved
» to be one of the best
• locations in Detroit.
I and designed and
•- ^9 built a graceful
group of residences.
among which is one of the most palatial
stone mansions in the city. She took all
the responsibility of the planning and
building, and receives a large income from
the rentals.
DUDLEY, THOMAS, governor, was
born in 1576 in England. In 1630 he came
to Massachusetts with the commission of
deputy governor, which office he held
from 1634 till 1640, and again from 1645
till 1650. He died July 31, 1652, in Rox-
bury, Mass.
DUDLEY, THOMAS UNDERWOOD,
bishop, author, was born Sept. 26, 1837,
in Richmond, Va. He is the second prot-
estant episcopal bishop of Kentucky. He
served in the confederate army as a col
onel, and afterwards entered the ministry.
He is the author of A Wise Discrimina
tion the Church's Nee'd; and A Sunday-
School Question Book.
DUDLEY, WILLIAM HENRY, physi
cian, was born Oct. 7, 1811, in Ireland.
In 1851 he was elected curator of the New
York Medical college, holding the office for
several years. He died Oct. 9, 1886, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
DUDLEY, WILLIAM LOFLAND, chem
ist, was born April 16, 1859, in Covington,
Ky. In 1886 he became professor of chem
istry in Vanderbilt university, Nashville.
The electro-metallurgy of iridium has
been principally developed through his
work. He has published scientific papers
in various journals, and wrote the article
Iridium, in Mineral Resources of the
(inited States, 1883-84 (Washington).
DUDLEY, WILLIAM RUSSELL, educa
tor, author, was born March 1, 1849, in
Guilford, Conn. He is a professor of bot
any at Cornell university, who has pub
lished The Cayuga Flora.
DUDLEY, WILLIAM WADE, soldier,
miller, financier, was born Aug. 7. 1842, in
Weathersfteld, Vt. In 1860 he removed to
Richmond. Ind., and
engaged, in the busi
ness of milling. He
entered the union
army in 1861 as cap-
m f tain, and served with
> • •) gallantry throughout
1 % the war, rising to the
^^^^t 1 rank of colonel and
^fl ^^^B^^^ brevet brigadier-gen-
• eral. In 1879 he was
j^L I appointed United
•I^^^^^Bk •! States marshal for
Indiana; and in 1881
was appointed commissioner of the pen
sion bureau, at Washington.
DUELL, ROBERT HOLLAND, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 20, 1823, in
Warren, N. Y. He was district attorney
for Cortland county in 1850-56; and in
1856 was elected county judge for said
county. In 1858 he was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the thirty-
sixth congress, and was re-elected to the
thirty-seventh, forty-second and forty-
third congresses.
DUER, EDWARD LOUIS, physician,
author, was born Jan. 19, 1836, in Cross-
wicks, N. J. He is a physician of Phila
delphia, and the author of Post-Mortem
Discoveries; and Treatment of Diphtheria.
DUER, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born Oct. 7, 1782, in Albany, N. Y.
He was a once prominent New York jurist
whose specialty was insurance law, and
was the author of Duer's Reports; and
Laws and Practice of Marine Insurance.
He died Aug. 8, 1858, on Staten Island.
DUER, WILLIAM, jurist, congressman,
was born March 18, 1747, in England. He
was appointed colonel of militia; and
judge of the county courts. He was a
member of the provincial congress, and of
the committee of safety; and also a mem
ber of the committee to draft the state
constitution in the convention of 1777. He
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1777 to 1778; secretary of the treas
ury board until the organization of the
department in 1789; a member of the state
legislature, and assistant secretary of the
treasury under Hamilton, until 1790. He
died May 7, 1799, in New York city.
DUER, WILLIAM, lawyer, congressman,
was born May 25, 1805, in New York city.
He served in the legislature of New York
on two occasions; was district- attorney
for Oswego county, and was a represent
ative in congress from New York from
1847 to 1851.
DUER, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, jur
ist, college president, author, was born
Sept. 8, 1780, in Rhinebeck, N. Y. He was
president of Columbia college in 1829-42;
and the author of Constitutional Juris
prudence of the United States. He died
May 30, 1858, in New York.
DUFF. PETER, educator, author, was
born Feb. 16, 1802. in Canada. He was an
educator of Pittsburg, where he founded
Duff's Mercantile college, one of the earli
est institutions of the kind. The North
American Accountant was his only publi
cation of note. He died Sept. 13, 1869, in
Pittsburg. Pa.
DUFFEL. MARY GORDON, author, was
born in 1840 in Alabama. She is a resi
dent of Alabama, and has published A
History of Alabama; and Guide to the
Mammoth Cave.
DUFFIELD. DIVIE BETHUNE, lawyer,
poet, was born Aug. 29, 1821, in Carlisle.
Pa. He has been a member of the board
of education of Detroit for thirteen yea"rs.
and is active in all educational interests
throughout the state.
DUFFIELD. GEORGE, jurist. He was
appointed in 1805 United States judge for
the territory of Orleans.
DUFFIELD. GEORGE, clergyman, was
born Oct. 7, 1732, in Lancaster county, Pa.
His only published works are An Account
of a Missionary Tour Through Western
Pennsylvania in 1766, by order of the
synod; and a Thanksgiving Sermon on
Peace. He died Feb. 2, 1790, in Philadel
phia. Pa.
DUFFIELD, GEORGE, clergyman, was
born July 4, 1794, in Strasburg, Pa. In
1838 he became pastor of the First Pres
byterian church of Detroit, which he re
tained until his death. In 1844-52 he was
regent for the Michigan State university.
A full review of his life would embrace a
large share of the history of the Presbyte
rian church for thirty years. He died
June 26, 1868, in Detroit, Mich.
DUFFIELD, GEORGE, clergyman, poet,
was born Sept. 12, 1816, in Carlisle, Pa.
He held important pastorates in Brook
lyn, Philadelphia, and in Michigan, where
he resided after 1861. He died June 6
1888, in Bloomfield, N. J.
DUFFIELD, HENRY MARTIN, soldier,
lawyer, orator, was born May 15, 1842, in
Detroit, Mich. He was assistant provost-
marshal-general of the army of the Cum
berland on General Thomas's staff. He
has been corporation counsel for Detroit
since 1876, and is also president of the
state military board of Michigan.
DUFFIELD, JOHN THOMAS, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 19, 1823, in
McConnellsburg, Pa. He is a presbyterian
clergyman who was professor of mathe
matics in Princeton college for many
years, and published The Princeton Pul
pit and many religious monographs.
DUFFIELD, SAMUEL AUGUSTUS
WILLOUGHBY, clergyman, author, was
born in 1843, in Brooklyn, N. Y. He was
a presbyterian clergyman of Bloomfield,
N. J., and the author of English Hymns,
their Authors and History; Latin Hymn-
Writers and their Hymns; and Warp and
Woof, a Book of Verse. He died May 12,
1887, in Bloomfleld, N. J.
DUFFIELD, WILLIAM WARD, soldier,
civil engineer, author, was born Nov. 19,
1823, in Carlisle, Pa. He is an engineer
of Kentucky who was a brigadier-general
in the federal army during the civil war,
and is the author of School of the Brigade
and Evolutions of the Line.
DUGANNE, AUGUSTINE JOSEPH
HICKEY, journalist, author, poet, was
born in 1823 in Boston, Mass. He was a
journalist of New York city chiefly known
as a poet. During the civil war he served
in the federal army, and was for some
time a captive in sonthern prisons.
Among his writings are Prison Life in the
South; Camps and Prisons; History of
Governments; The Lydian Queen, a tra
gedy; Home Poems; and Parnassus In
Pillfry, a satire. He died Oct. 20, 1884,
in New York.
DUGDALE, RICHARD L., sociologist,
author, was born in 1841 in France. He
was a writer on sociology, and the au
thor of The Jukes, or Heredity in Crime;
and Further Studies of Criminals. He
died July 23, 1883, in New York city.
DUGGAN, JAMES, Roman catholic bish
op, was born in 1825 in Ireland. He was
consecrated coadjutor archbishop in 1857,
with the title of Bishop of Antigone, and
was afterward nominated bishop of Chi
cago.
DUGRO, PHILIP HENRY, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Oct. 2, 1855, in
New York city. In 1878 he was elected to
the New York assembly from the four
teenth district as a democrat, and de
clined a renomination. In 1886 he was
elected judge of the superior court. He Is
the owner of the Hotel Savoy on the Plaza
at the entrance to Central park.
DUHAMEL, WILLIAM, physician, au
thor, was born in 1827 in Maryland. He
served as chief physician for ten years
to the United States prisons in the Dis
trict of Columbia. He wrote a treatise on
the National Hotel Disease. He died Aug.
15, 1883, in Washington, D. C.
DUHRING, JULIA, essayist, author, was
born Feb. 23, 1836, in Philadelphia. Pa
She is an essayist who has published Phil
osophers and Fools; Gentlefolks and Oth
ers; Amor in Society; and Mental Life
and Culture.
318
IIKKKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMKKK'AN BIOGRAPHY.
DUHR1NG, LOUIS ADOLPHUS, physi
cian, author, was born Dec. 23, 1845, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a physician of
Philadelphia, prominent as a dermatol
ogist, and the author of Atlas of Skin Dis
eases; Practical Treatise on Diseases of
the Skin; Epitome of Skin Diseases; and
Cutaneous Medicine.
DUKE, RICHARD T. W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 6, 1822, in Albe-
marle county, Va. He was elected attor
ney for the county of Albemarle in 1858,
and continued in that office until 1869.
He was elected to the forty-first congress
to fill a vacancy; and was re-elected to
the forty-second congress.
DUKE, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 15, 1757. in Patapsco, Md.
He was an episcopal clergyman and edu
cator of Maryland who published A Clew
to Religious Truth. He died in 1840 in
Elkton, Md.
DULANEY. WOODFORD HECTOR,
capitalist, railroad president, was born
May 16, lo*,2, in London county, Va. He
was several times elected to the general
council of the city of Louisville, and has
been president of the Elizabethtown and
Paducah railroad; the Cumberland and
Ohio railroad; the Kentucky National
bank; and is now serving his twentieth
year as director of the Bank of Kentucky.
DULANY, DANIEL, statesman, au
thor, was born in July, 1721, in Maryland.
He was a noted Maryland statesman, and
the author of Considerations on the Pro
priety of Imposing Taxes on the British
Colonies. He died March 19, 1797, in Bal
timore, Md.
DULLES, CHARLES WINSLOW. sur
geon, author, was born in 1850 in the East
Indies. He is a surgeon of Philadelphia,
and the author of What to Do First in
Accidents or Poisoning; What to Do First
in Accidents and Emergencies; and Acci
dents and Emergencies.
DULLES, JOHN WELSH, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 4, 182.S, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman of Philadelphia, at one time a mis
sionary to India, and the author of The
Soldier's Friend; Life in India; and The
Ride Through Palestine. He died April
13, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DUMMER, JEREMIAH, author, was
born in 1680 in Boston, Mass, ne was a
noted scholar who was colonial agent for
Massachusetts in London in 1710-21, and
was a political friend of Bolingbroke. He
was the author of A Letter to a Noble
Lord Concerning the Late Expedition to
Canada; and A Defence of the New Eng
land Charters. He died May 19, 1739.
DUMMER. WILLIAM, governor, was
born in 1677 in Boston, Mass. In 1716 he
was commissioned lieutenant-governor of
Massachusetts: and during 1723-28 acted
as governor and commander-in-chief. He
conducted the war against the Indians
with skill. He died Oct. 10, 1761. in Bos
ton, Mass.
DUMONT, EBENEZER. soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 23, 1814, in
Vevay, Ind. He was a member of the
state legislature in 1838; and from 1839 to
1845 was treasurer of his county. He
served in the war with Mexico as a lieu
tenant-colonel, and was in several bat
tles. He was a presidential elector in
1852, and in 1850 and 1853 was again
elected to the legislature. He was presi
dent for nine years of the State Bank of
Indiana. He was elected a representa
tive from Indiana to the thirty-eighth and
thirty-ninth congresses. He died April 16,
1871, in Indianapolis, Ind.
DUMONT. MRS. JULIA LOUISA, edu
cator, author, was born in October, 1794.
in Waterford, Ohio. She was a noted ed
ucator of Vevay, Ind.. and the auuior of
Life Sketches from Common Paths. She
died in 1857.
DUN, ROBERT GKAHAM, merchant,
founder, was born in 1826 in Chillicothe,
Ohio. An existence of over half a century
has enabled the Mercantile Agency of R.
G. Dun and Co. to acquire an experience
and accumulate an amount of capital,
which enable it to fulfill to the satisfac
tion of the mercantile community the im
portant duties which it is called on to
discharge.
DUNBAR, CHARLES FRANKLIN, ed
ucator, author, was born in 1830 in Mas
sachusetts. He was professor of political
economy at Harvard university from
1871, and the author of Chapters on the
Theory and History of Banking.
DUNBAR, GEORGE TOWERS, civil
engineer, ichthyologist, was born Feb. 11.
1812, in Baltimore, Md. He was one of
the surveyors of the Baltimore and Ohio
railroad, Portsmouth and WeMen railroad,
and the New Orleans and Nashville rail
road. In 1842 was appointed engineer of
the state of Louisiana, and in 1848 dep
uty surveyor-general of that state. His
great love of natural history led him to
make a large collection of insects, birds
and plants of the United States. He gave
the classical names to the streets in the
upper portion of New Orleans, and Dun-
bar, a town in Pennsylvania, was named
after him.
DUNBAR, JAMES HARVEY, lawyer,
politician, was born Feb. 15, 1868, in
Nicholas county, W. Va. In 1894 he was
admitted to the bar. and in 1897 was
elected mayor of Montgomery, W. Va. He
is prominent in the business affairs of
his city, and takes an active part in the
public affairs of his county and state.
DUNBAR, PAUL LAURENCE, poet,
was born in 1872 in Ohio. He is a poet of
Dayton, Ohio, of African descent, and the
author of Lyrics of Lowly Life.
DUNBAR, R. O., lawyer, jurist, was
born April 26, 1845, in Schuyler county,
111. He has been city attorney of Golden-
dale, Wash., for several terms and pros
ecuting attorney for his district. In 1885
he was speaker of the territorial house,
and in 1889 was elected supreme judge. In
1893 he was chosen chief justice, and in
1894 was again re-elected to the supreme
bench for a six-year term.
DUNBAR, RICHARD S., farmer, poet,
was born March 4, 1857, in Canada. He
has lived in Wisconsin, Missouri, Colo-
^^^^^^^^^^^^ rado, and is now en-
/^^^^^ i Kaged in farming in
,,, Farlington, Kan. He
\ is a member of the
—^^^f \ Farmers' Alliance.
•H and has been promi-
' 3 nently identified with
I the populist party.
H^B He has contributed
' both prose and verse
to the periodical
press; is special cor
respondent for the
Inter-State Press as
sociation, and is the author of several
stories, sketches, and works of fiction.
DUNBAR, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Louisiana from 1853 to 1855.
DUNBAR, WILLIAM S., soldier, physi
cian, legislator, was born Nov. 18. 1823,
in Fincastle, Va. He served as captain of
company H, eighth regiment West Vir
ginia infantry, in the union army. In
1863 he was a member of the house of del
egates of West Virginia, and in 1864-65
was a member of the state senate. He
made a great stand against secession; and
took a company of forty well-armed men
outside of the rebel line, held elections
and elected delegates to the constitutional
convention, and helped to divide the state
of Virginia, and formed the state of West
Virginia. He has been successful as a
physician, and now resides in Clear Creek,
W. Va.
uuNCAN, ALEXANDER, congressman.
He was a member of the house of repre
sentatives in congress from Ohio, from
1837 to 1841, and from 1843 to 1845. He
died March 2, 1852, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
DUNCAN, CHARLES, jurist. He was
appointed an associate justice of the Unit
ed States court for the territory of Wis
consin. .
DUNCAN, DANIEL, merchant, con
gressman, was born July 22, 1806, in Ship-
pensburg, Pa. In 1843 he was elected to
the legislature of Ohio from Licking coun
ty; and was a representative in congress
from 1847 to 1849. He died June 18, 1849,
in Washington, D. C.
DUNCAN, FRANCIS MARION, educa
tor, college president, legislator, was born
Dec. 23, 1839, in Copp county, Ga. During
1873-76 he was a representative in the
general assembly of Georgia, and during
1877-80 was a member of the state senate.
Since 1873 he has been president of the
Hamilton college of Bremen, Ga.
DUNCAN, GARNETT, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Kentucky. He was a
representative in congress from Kentucky
from 1847 to 1849. He died May 25, 1875.
in Louisville.
DUNCAN, JAMES, soldier, was born
Sept. 10, 1810, in Cornwall, N. Y. He be
came first lieutenant in 1836 and there
after served on frontier and garrison duty
till 1845. In 1846 he was made captain.
He died July 3, 1849, in Mobile, Ala.
DUNCAN, JAMES ARMSTRONG, cler
gyman, college president, was born April
14, 1830, in Norfolk, Va. From 1868 until
his death he was president of Randolph-
Macon college. For many years he was
editor of The Richmond Christian Advo
cate. He died Sept. 23, 1877, in Ashland.
Va.
DUNCAN, JAMES H., lawyer, clergy
man, congressman, was born Dec. 5, 1793,
in Haverhill, Mass. He served four years
in the state legislature, was a state sen
ator from 1828 to 1831, and state councilor
in 1840 and 1841. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1849 to 1853. He
subsequently became a baptist minister,
and was a trustee of the Newton Theo
logical seminary. He died Feb. 8, 1869, in
Haverhill, Mass.
DUNCAN, JOHNSON KELLY, soldier,
was born March 19, 1827, in York, Pa. In
1849 he graduated from West Point, and
subsequently was in the confederate serv
ice as brigadier-general. He died in Jan
uary, 1863, in Knoxville, Tenn.
DUNCAN, JOSEPH, soldier, congress
man, governor, was born Feb. 22, 1789, in
Paris, Ky. He was an ensign at the bril
liant defense of Fort Stephenson under
Colonel Croghan, for which he received
from congress the testimonial of a sword.
Feb. 13, 1835. He settled in Illinois, and
was soon elected major-general of militia.
He was state senator, and in the session of
1824-25 originated the law which first
established common schools in the state.
He was a representative in congress from
1827 to 1835, and was governor of Illinois
from 1834 to 1838. He died Jan. 15, 1844,
in Jacksonville, Fla.
DUNCAN, MAY C., musician, artist,
poet, was born Nov. 24, 1860, in Ca'averas
county, Cal. She graduated from the state
university of California, and subsequently
married Dr. M. P. Duncan. Her poems
have been widely published in the papers
of California, and many OL them have been
given a place in standard works.
HRKRINOSHAWS KNCYCL,OPKL>IA OF A.MKRICAN BIOUK A I'l I \ .
319
DUNCAN, SHELBY PATTERSON, law
yer, jurist, was born March 2. 1856, in
Fayette county. Ky. In 1874 he was ad
mitted to the bar, and has served as city
attorney of Fairview, 111. For many years
he taught school; in 1884 moved to Kan
sas, and since 1888 has practiced his pro
fession at Coldwater. He has been police
judge of his city; four years United States
circuit court commissioner for district of
Kansas; and judge of probate of his coun
ty. He has also served two years as pros
ecuting attorney, and filled various other
positions in his county and state.
DUNCAN, THOMAS E., lawyer, jurist,
legislator, was born Nov. 21, 1837, in
Holmes county, Ohio. He is an eminent
lawyer and jurist of Mt. Gilead, Ohio;
has been representative in the general as
sembly of Ohio, and judge of the court of
common pleas.
DUNCAN, WILLIAM A., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 2, 1836, in Adams
county, Pa. He was elected district at
torney in 1862, and again in 1868, and was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the forty-eighth congress.
DUNCAN. WILLIAM CECIL, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 24, 1824, in
New York city. He was a baptist clergy
man of New Orleans, and the author of
Life of John the Baptisi; History of the
Baptists for the First Two Centuries of
the Christian Era; The Years of Jesus;
and Brief History of the Baptists. He
died May 1, 1864, in New Orleans, La.
DUNCAN, WILLIAM STEVENS, physi
cian, author, was born May 24, 1834, in
Brownsville, Pa. He is a physician of
Brownsville, Pa., and the author of Medi
cal Delusions; and Physiology of Death.
DUNCAN, WILLIAM WALLACE, edu
cator, bishop, was born Dec. 20, 1839, in
Boydton, Va. He is an eminent clergy
man; was a member of the Virginia con
ference, and has been a college professor
and bishop in the methodist episcopal
church south at Spartanburg, S. C.
DUNCANSON, HENRY BRUCE, biol
ogist, author, was born Feb. 4, 1860, in
Scotland county, Mo. He has been pro
fessor of biology in the Nebraska State
Normal school for several years, and is
the author of Suggestive Lessons in Ele
mentary Zoology.
DUNCOMBE, JOHN FRANCIS, lawyer,
legislator, lecturer, was born Oct. 22, 1831,
in Erie county, Pa. He received his edu
cation at the Alle-
2 ghany college, Penn-
: s-ylvania, from which
institution he re
ceived the degrees of
, ^^ A. B. and A. M.; re
ceived the degree of
A. M. from the Cen
ter college, Ky.; and
the degree of LL. D.
from Griswold col
lege, Iowa. He has
served as a repre
sentative and sena
tor in the Iowa legislature for seven terms,
general and special sessions. For eight
een years he was regent of the Iowa State
university, and tor twelve years lectured
on Law of Railroads in that institution.
For twenty-four years he was curator of
the State Historical society of Iowa. Dur
ing the Spirit Lake Indian war he served
as captain of company B. He has been
general attorney of the Mason City and
Fort Dodge Railroad company, and was
the organizer of that company, and for
thirty years he has been district attorney
of the Central Railroad company, which
position he still holds.
DUNDAS, JAMES, banker, was born in
1788 in Alexandria, Va. He early settled
in Philadelphia, where he became a bank
er, and was president of the Pennsylvania
bank. He died July 4, 1865, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
DUNDAS, JOHN H., journalist, state
senator, was born in 1845, in Aurora, 111.
He is the editor and owner of The Granger
of Auburn, Neb., which he founded in
1884. In 1896 he was elected a member of
the Nebraska state senate.
DUNDY, ELMER S., lawyer, jurist, was
born March 5, 1830, in Trumbull county,
Ohio. He was elected a member of the
upper house of the territorial legislature
of Nebraska, in which capacity he served
four years. In 1863 he was appointed an
associate justice of the supreme court of
Nebraska territory; held the office until
the territory became a state, in 1867, and
in 1868 was appointed United States dis
trict judge for ihe district of Nebraska.
DUNGAN, IRVINE, soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in Canons-
burg, Pa. He was elected mayor of Jack
son in 1869; was elected state senator
from the seventh senatorial district in
1877; and was the author of the first law
in Ohio against the truck system. He
was elected to the fifty-second congress as
a democrat.
DUNGLISON, RICHARD JAMES, phy
sician, author, was born Nov. 13, 1834, in
Baltimore, Md. He is a physician of Phil
adelphia who has issued Practitioner's
Reference Book; and Elementary Physi
ology.
DUNGLISON, ROBLEY, physician, au
thor, was born Jan. 4, 1798, in England.
He was an eminent Philadelphia physi
cian, professor in Jefferson Medical col
lege from 1836, and one of the most learn
ed men of his profession. His most im
portant work is his Medical Dictionary,
which has a very wide reputation, v^ier
works are, Human Physiology; Elements
of Hygiene; General Therapeutics; The
Medical Student; The Practice of Medi
cine; and Commentaries on Diseases of
the Stomach and Bowels in Children. He
died April 1, 1869. in Philadelphia, Pa.
DUNHAM, CARROLL, physician, au
thor, was born Oct. 29, 1828, in New York
city. He was a once prominent homeopa
thic physician of New York, and the au
thor of Homoeopathy the Science of Ther
apeutics; and Lectures in Materia Medica.
He died Feb. 18, 1877, in Irvington-on-
Hudson, N. Y.
DUNHAM, CYRUS L., lawyer, congress
man, was born in New York. He was
elected to the legislature of Indiana in
1846 and 1847; was a representative in
congress from that state from 1849 to 1855,
and served again in the legislature at a
subsequent period.
DUNHAM, EMMA B, S., poet, was born
in 1826, in Auburn, Maine. She has com
posed a nnmber of cantatas, and is the
author of a work entitled The Home
Opera Margaret.
DUNHAM, HARRISON M., lawyer, jur
ist, was born April 25, 1857, in Highland.
Mich. He was judge of his county court
for eight years; judge of police court, of
Cadillac, Mich., for three terms; and jus
tice of the peace for thirteen years.
DUNHAM, JOHN, pioneer, clergyman,
was born Aug. 7, 1827, in Chesterfield, N.
H. In 1852 he was ordained a clergyman
and spent fifteen years in pioneer work in
Indiana along the Wabash river and its
branches. He next preached to the Miami
Indians, which resulted in the formation
of a mission school and several baptist
churches. He has attained prominence as
a gospel singer, and now resides in Cass
City, Mich.
DUNHAM, LEWIS B., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Oct. 6, 1806, in Mansfield.
Conn. He served as a member of the
Pennsylvania state legislature. He sub
sequently moved to Iowa, where he served
in the legislature of that state, and died
Jan. 1. 1892, in Maquoketa.
DUNHAM, RANSOM W., merchant,
congressman, was born March 21, 1838, in
Savoy, Mass. He was president of the
Chicago board of trade in 1882, and was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-eighth, forty-ninth and fiftieth
congresses as a republican.
DUNHAM, WARREN JEROME, clergy
man, was born July 25, 1872, in Ripley,
Ohio. He graduated from the Ohio Wes-
leyan university of Delaware; has at
tained distinction as a successful clergy
man of the methodist church, and now fills
a pastorate at Cleves, Ohio.
DUNHAM, WILLIAM RUSSELL, phy
sician, author, was born Dec. 15, 1833, in
Chesterfield, N. H. He is a physician of
Keene, N. H., who has published Theory
of Medical Science.
DUNIWAY, ABIGAIL SCOTT, journal
ist, arfthor, was born Oct. 22, 1834, in
Groveland, 111. She is the editor of The
__^________ Pacific Empire, a
•^^^^^^ weekly journal de-
ty voted to the inter-
,£k . ests of women, and
vt ^PJ9tr for near'y twenty
years was editor and
wK'^ j, owner of The New
jTT Northwest. She is
the state president
•MfaL ^f of the Oregon State
•^^ Equal Suffrage asso
ciation, vice-presi-
mt dent of the Oregon
Woman's National
Press association, and of various other re
form clubs and associations. She is the
author of Captain Gray's Company, a pio
neer novel; David and Anna Watson, and
Other Poems; and numerous serial sto
ries, sketches and poems, which have ap
peared in her own publications and in the
leading newspapers and magazines in
America.
DUNKLIN, DANIEL, governor, wa*
born in 1790. He was governor of Mis
souri from 1832 to 1836. He died Aug. 25.
1844, in Jefferson county. Miss.
DUNLAP, ALEXANDER, physician.
was born Jan. 12, 1815, in Brown county.
Ohio. He was one of the first surgeons in
the country to perform the difficult oper
ation of ovariotomy.
DUNLAP, ANDREW, lawyer, author,
was born in 1794 in Salem, Mass. He was
United States district attorney for Mas
sachusetts from 1829 till just before his
death. He published Admiralty Practice
in Civil Cases of Maritime Jurisdiction,
which was pronounced " by competent
judges to be learned, accurate, and well
digested. He died in 1835 in Boston, Mass.
DUNLAP, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
lawyer, congressman, was born Feb. 22,
1813, in Fayette county, Ky. He was a
member of the Kentucky legislature, alsa
of the border state convention, held in
1861. He was elected a representative
from Kentucky to the thirty-seventh con
gress. In 1864 he was a presidential elec
tor. He died June 6, 1880, in Lancaster.
Ky.
DUNLAP, HENRY M., farmer, legisla
tor, was born Nov. 14, 1853, in Leyden.
111. For two years he was president of
the State Horticultural society, and secre
tary of that body during the world's fair.
He has served as a state senator in the
Illinois legislature from the thirtieth dis
trict.
320
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DUNLAP, JOHN, printt., was born in
1747 in Ireland. He was appointed printer
to congress, and first printed the Declara
tion of Independence. He died Nov. 27,
1812, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DUNLAP, JOHN A., jurist, author, was
born about 1793. He was a justice of the
peace in New York city, and the author of
Practice of the Superior Court of New
York in Civil Actions; and Abridgment
of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Books t
of Coke's Reports. He died in 1858.
DUNLAP, ROBERT, hatter, was born
Oct. 17, 1834, in New York city. His firm
of R. Dunlap and Co. of New York city,
of which he is sole partner, is now the
leading hatters of New York city.
DUNLAP, ROBERT PINCKNEY, law
yer, state senator, congressman, govern
or, was born Aug. 15, 1796. in Brunswick.
Maine. He was a
member of the state
legislature; in 1823
was elected a state
senator, serving nine
years, and presided
over that body four
years. In 183.3 he
^^^^^^J was a member of the
^•1 6*"^. ' executive council of
jf HH^Bhi -M;m" • '" is34 u;i
elected governor of
Maine, and served
four years; and was
a representative in congress from 1843 to
1847. During the years 1848 and 1849 he
was collector of customs at Portland, and
from 1853 to 1857 postmaster of Bruns
wick. He died Oct. 20, 1859, in Brunswick.
Maine.
DUNLAP, SAMUEL FALES, lawyer,
author, was born in 1825 in Boston, Mass.
He is a lawyer of Boston, and the author
of Origin of Ancient Names; and Vesti
ges of the Spirit History of Man.
DUNLAP, WILLIAM, dramatist, artist,
author, was born in 176t> in Perth Amboy,
N. J. He was a prominent artist, dra
matist, and theatrical manager of New
York city. He is the author of Life of
George Frederick Cooke; Life of Charles
Brockden Brown; The American Theater;
History of New York; History, Rise, and
Progress of the Arts of Design in the
United States; Thirty Years Ago, a novel;
New Netherlands, Province of New York;
The Father, a comedy; and Leicester, a
tragedy. He died Sept. 28, 1839, in New
York city.
DUNLAP, WILLIAM C., congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1833 to 1837.
DUNLAP, WILLIAM FREDERICK,
journalist, was born Dec. 28, 1859, in Ovid,
N. Y. He is the editor and owner of The
Times-Record of Valley City, N. D.
•
DUNLOP, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, was
born March 28, 1793, in Georgetown, D. C.
In 1838 he was appointed judge of the
United States circuit court, was made as
sistant judge in 1845, and chief justice in
1856, which position he occupied until
1863, when the court was abolished. He
died May 6, 1872, in Georgetown, D. C.
DUNLOP, JAMES, lawyer, author, was
born in 1795 in Pennsylvania. He was a
Pittsburg lawyer, prominent as an op
ponent of slavery, and the author of Laws
of Pennsylvania, 1700-1853, and Digest of
the General Laws of the United States.
He died April 9, 1856, in Baltimore, Md.
DUNN, CHARLES, jurist. He was an
early emigrant to Wisconsin, residing at
Elk Grove, and was appointed one of the
judges of the United States for that ter
ritory.
DUNN, ELIAS BOUND, meteorologist,
was born March 23, 1855, in Brooklyn, N.
Y. In 1883 he went to Cincinnati, Ohio,
as chief weather observer; and in 1884
was made chief of the weather bureau un
der the United States department of agri
culture in New York city.
DUNN, GEORGE G., lawyer, congress
man, orator, was born in 1813. He was
a representative in congress from Indiana
from 1847 to 1849. He died in September,
1857.
DUNN, GEORGE H., congressman. He-
was a representative in congress from In
diana from 1837 to 1839.
DUNN, JACOB PIATT, state librarian,
author. He is the state librarian of Indi
ana, and the author of History of Indiana;
and Massacres of the Mountains, a His
tory of Indian Wars in the Far West.
DUNN, JAMES H., physician, surgeon,
was born May 29, 1853, in Fort Wayne.
hid. After graduating in 1871 from the
medical department
of the university of
New York city, he
took a two years'
post-graduate study
at Heidelberg and
Vienna. He has been
professor of clinical
surgery in the medi
cal department of
the university of
Minnesota; surgeon
to St. Mary's hospi
tal of Minneapolis;
to the city hospital; the Asbury Methodist
hospital, and consulting surgeon to the
Great Northern Railroad company. He is
an ex-president of the Minnesota State
Medical association; and has filled many
positions of honor in various other medi
cal bodies.
DUNN, JOHN F., banker, state senator,
was born in 1844 in South Carolina. In
1887 he was president of the Merchant's
National bank of Ocala, Fla.; became
president of the Heather Island Orange
company, and has served in the Florida
state senate.
DUNN, JOHN V., lawyer, congressman,
was born in 1838. He was elected alder
man of Elizabeth, N. J., in 1878, and was
four times elected to the legislature of
New Jersey; was speaker of the house in
1882; and was elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
DUNN, LEWIS ROMAINE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1822 in New Jersey.
He was a methodist divine of New Jersey,
and the author of Lizzie Hagar, the Or
phan Girl: The Mission of the Spirit;
Angels of God; and Sermons on the High
er Life. He died in 1876.
DUNN, POINDEXTER, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 3, 1834, in
Wake county, N. C. He was a represent
ative in the state legislature in 1858;
served in the confederate army, and com
menced the practice of law in 1867. He
was a presidential elector in 1872 and 1876.
and was elected a representative from Ar
kansas to the forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, forty-ninth and fiftieth con
gresses as a democrat.
DUNN, WILLIAM McKEE, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Dec. 12, 1814,
in Hanover, Ind. He was elected to the
Indiana legislature in 1848, and was a
member of the state constitutional con
vention in 1850. In 1858 he was elected a
representative from Indiana to the thirty-
sixth congress, and was re-elected to the
thirty-seventh congress. He became as
sistant judge advocate in the army; was
also a delegate to the Philadelphia Loyal
ists' convention of 1866, and in 1875 was
appointed judge advocate-general.
DUNNE, EDMUND FRANCIS, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born in 1835 in
Little Falls, N. Y. He removed to Ne
vada m 1863; was a delegate to the con
stitutional convention of that state, and
was elected a district judge. In 1874 he
was appointed chief justice of the United
States court for Arizona.
DUNNELL, MARK HILL, soldier, edu
cator, state senator, congressman, was
uorn July 2, 1823, in Buxton, Maine. In
1854 he was elected to the state legisla
ture, and in 1855 to the state senate. Dur
ing the years 1855-59 he was state super
intendent of common schools, and in 1856
was a delegate to the national convention
at Philadelphia. In 1861 he entered the
union army as colonel of infantry. In
1862 he was United States consul at Vera
Cruz, Mexico. In 1865 he went to Minne
sota; was a member of the legislature
of that state in 1867; was state superin
tendent of public instruction from 1867 to
1870; and was elected to the forty-second,
forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses as a
republican.
DUNNING, ALBERT ELIJAH, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born in 1844
in Connecticut. He is a congregational
clergyman of Boston, editor of the Con-
gregationalist; and the author of The
Sunday-School Library; Bible Studies;
and Cougregationalists in America.
DUNNING, MRS. ANNIE KETCHUM,
author, was born Nov. 2, 1831, in New
York city. She is a prolific writer of Sun
day-school tales, mainly for the presbyte-
rian board of publication. Among them
are Clementina's Mirror; A Story of Four
Lives; Broken Pitchers; and Contradic
tions.
DUNNING, FRANCES, author, poet,
was born Oct. 13, 1841, in Kenosha, Wis.
She is the author of a volume of poems
which was published in 1877. She is also
a prose writer of Madison, Wis., and her
contributions for the past ten years have
made her name well known in the literary
world.
DUNNING, HOMER N., clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born July 17, 1827, In
Brookfield, Conn. For thirteen years he
was pastor of the First Congregational
church of Gloversville, N. Y., and from
1866-83 was pastor of his church at South
Norwalk, Conn. His poems have appeared
in the secular and religious press, and In
several standard works, such as Edwards'
Fifth Reader, and Foster's Cyclopedia.
DUNNING, KATE W., educator, poet,
was born March 31, 1871, in Chicago, 111.
In 1878 she moved with her parents to
Nebraska, where she is now engaged in
educational work at Anselmo. She is the
author of a number of meritorious poems.
DUNNING, PARIS C., governor. He was
governor of Indiana in 1848 and 1849 to
fill a vacancy.
DUNNINGTON, FRANCIS PERRY,
educator, chemist, author, was born
March 3, 1851, in Baltimore, Md. He
is the author of numerous chemical
investigations, accounts of which have ap
peared in the Chemical News, American
Chemical Journal, the transactions of var
ious societies and elsewhere.
DUNPHY, EDWARD J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 12, 1856, in New
York city. He was elected to the fifty-
first, fifty-second and fifty-third con
gresses as a Tammany democrat.
DUNROY, W. REED, journalist, poet,
was born Oct. 1, 1869, in Galesburg, 111.
He began his literary work as reporter on
a daily newspaper, and has contributed
numerous meritorious poems to current
literature.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
321
DUNSTER, EDWARD SWIFT, physi
cian, was born Sept. 2, IBS'}, in Springvale,
Maine. He was professor of obstet
rics and the diseases of women and
children in the university of Vermont in
1868-71. He subsequently held the same
chair in Long Island Medical college, in
the medical department of Dartmouth col
lege, and after 1873 in the university of
Michigan. He died May 3, 1888, in Ann
Arbor, Mich.
DUNSTER, HENRY, college president,
author, was born in 1612, in England.
Prom 1640-54 he was president of Harvard
college, serving as its first president. He
is the author of Advantages of Schools;
and A Faithful Ministry.
DUNTON, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
railroad promoter, was born June 9, 1851,
in Northville, N. H. He enjoys the dis
tinction of being at the head of the first
and only bicycle electric railroad yet built,
a section of which has recently been com
pleted near Patchogue, N. Y.
DUNTON, JOHN, author, was born May
14, 1659, in England. In 1705 appeared the
Life and Errors of John Dunton, by him
self, in which are to be found the lives and
characters of more than one thousand
contemporary characters of literary emi
nence, and a description of many of the
ministers, booksellers and other citizens
of Boston and Salem. He died in 1733 in
New England.
DUNTON, LARKIN, educator, was born
July 22, 1828, in Concord, Maine. He at
tended the town schools, Hallowell acad
emy, and the Colby
university. For two
years he was princi
pal of the Newcastle
academy; for seven
years principal of
the Bath High
school. Maine; for
four years master of
the Lawrence school
of Boston, Mass.;
and for the past
quarter of a century
has been head mas
ter of the Boston Normal school; and
prominent in the educational affairs of
New England.
DUPONCEAU, PIERRE ETIENNE,
lawyer, author, was born in 1760 in
France. He was a Frenchman who came
to America as aid to Baron Steuben, set
tled in Philadelphia, and became eminent
as a lawyer. He was president of the
American Philosophical society, and his
Memoir on the Indian Languages of North
America attracted much attention among
scholars. He died in 1844 in Philadelphia,
Pa.
DU PONT, HENRY ALGERNON, sol
dier railroad president, was born July 30,
1838, in Wilmington, Del. He served
through the civil war, and received the
rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1879 he
was elected president of the Wilmington
and Northern Railroad company.
DUPRE, LUCIUS GARLAND, lawyer,
was born Oct. 18, 1868, in Opelousas, La.
He has attained prominence as an able
lawyer of the city of his nativity, where
he has filled many public offices with
honor.
' DUPUY, ELIZA ANN, author, was born
about 1814 in Petersburg, Va. She was
a sensational novelist of Kentucky, for
many years a regular contributor of serial
stories to the New York Ledger. Among
them are The Conspirator, a story of
Aaron Burr; The Huguenot Exiles; and
The Concealed Treasure. She died in Jan
uary, 1881, in New Orleans, La.
21
DUPUY, ELIZABETH, poet, was born
in 1868, in Prospect, Va. Her poems have
appeared extensively in the St. Louis, Cin
cinnati, and Louisville journals, and in
several standard collections.
DU PUY, -RAYMOND, railroad presi
dent, was born Jan. 4, 1860, in Pittsburg,
Pa. In 1895 he became president of the
De Kalb and Great Western railway.
DURAND, ASHER BROWN, artist, was
born Aug. 21, 1796, in Jefferson, N. J. He
has attained a national reputation as an
artist. Among his best known works are
Notch of the Primeval Forest, and Clove
in the Catskills.
DURAND, CYRUS, engraver, inventor,
was born Feb. 27, 1787, in Jefferson vil
lage, N. J. He invented a machine for
ruling straight and wave lines for bank
notes, and subsequently invented similar
machines for drawing water-lines and
plain ovals. He then devoted himself to
bank-note engraving: was a genius in that
art; and was considered capable of work
ing in twenty-two different occupations.
He died Sept. 18, 1868, in Irvington, N. J.
DURAND, GEORGE H., lawyer, mayor,
congressman, was born Feb. 21, 1838, in
Cobleskill, N. Y. He served as alderman
of the city of Flint for three consecutive
terms; was elected mayor in 1873; re-
elected in 1874, and was elected a repre
sentative to the forty-fourth congress.
DURAND, HENRY SMITH, underwrit
er, banker, founder, was born Feb. 13,
1817, in Cheshire, Conn. In 1856 he or
ganized the Commercial bank of Racine,
Wis., of which he was president for sev- .
eral years; was chosen president of the
Racine and Mississippi railroad, which he
founded. He was one of the founders of
the city of La Crosse, Wis., and did much
to aid its development into the second
largest city in Wisconsin.
DURANG, CHARLES, author, was born
in 1796 in Philadelphia, Pa. He was actor,
author, stage manager, prompter, ballet-
master, and finally opened a dancing acad
emy. He was the author of a History of
the Philadelphia Stage from 1752 to 1854.
He died Feb. 15, 1870, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DURANT, CHARLES S., aeronaut, au
thor, was born about 1805. He was the
author of several books of a scientific
character, one of which was a Treatise
on Shells and Sea-Weeds. He died March
2, 1873, in Jersey City, N. J.
DURANT, CHARLES W., railroad
president, was born April 23, 1821, in
Hinsdale, Mass. In 1859 he became in
terested in the Chicago, Rock Island and
Pacific railroad, and was its president for
many years. He afterward engaged in the
sugar refining business with his sons un
der the name of Charles W. Durant and
Sons. He died April 5, 1885, in New York
city.
DURANT, HENRY, college president,
was born June 17, 1803, in Acton, Mass.
In 1870 he founded and became the first
president of the university of California,
serving until 1871. In 1872 he was elected
mayor of Oakland, Cal., serving until his
death. He died Jan. 22, 1875, in Oakland,
Cal.
DURANT, HENRY TOWLE, lawyer,
philanthropist, was born Feb. 20, 1822, in
Hanover, N. H. He devoted his life to
the cause of the Christian religion, and
was instrumental in providing a college
where women could obtain superior edu
cation. His plans were put into execution
and Wellesley college resulted. This in
stitution, built and equipped at an ex
pense of $1,000,000, was opened in Sep
tember, 1875, and has since been main
tained at an expense of $50,000 per an
num. He died Oct. 3, 1881, in Wellesley,
Mass.
DURANT, HORACE BLAIR, soldier,
physician, journalist, prohibitionist, poet,
was born Dec. 27, 1828, in Washington
county, Pa. He grad
uated from Jefferson
college of Canons-
burg, Pa., and for
several years taught
school. He then prac-
i ticed medicine for
about twenty years.
In 1861 he enlisted
with the first troops
from Pennsylvania,
serving for awhile in
the ranks as a pri
vate soldier, until
commissioned fli^ assistant surgeon of
his regiment. Dr. Durant has for many
years been a pronounced advocate of po
litical prohibition, being one of the St.
John electors in 1884. In 1878, in con
junction with his wife, he published the
first newspaper devoted to prohibition in
Pennsylvania; and in 1884 wrote the first
song-book of the prohibition party. He
has been editor and founder of four papers
in Pennsylvania. The poems of Dr. Du
rant have attracted considerable atten
tion, and have T>een given a place in sev
eral standard works.
DURANT. THOMAS JEFFERSON, law
yer, state senator, was born Aug. 8, 1817,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He removed to New
Orleans and was elected state senator;
afterward appointed United States dis
trict attorney for Louisiana, and then be
came attorney-general of the state. He
died Feb. 4, 1882, in Washington, D. C.
DURBIN, JOHN PRICE, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1800 in Bourbon county,
Ky. He was a methodist clergyman noted
for his eloquence, who was missionary
secretary of the methodist episcopal
church, in 1850-72. He was the author of
Observations in Europe; and Observations
in Egypt, Palestine, Syria, and Asia Minor.
He died in 1876.
DURBOROW, ALLAN CATHCART,
merchant, congressman, was born Nov. 10,
1857, in Philadelphia, Pa. After two years'
residence in Indianapolis he moved to
Chicago, where he has since been engaged
in business. He has always been active
in local politics; and was elected to the
fifty-second and re-elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat.
DURELL, DANIEL M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1769 in Massa
chusetts. He was a representative in con
gress from New Hampshire from 1807 to
1809; and held the post of United States
district attorney from 1830 to 1834. He
died in 1841.
DURELL, EDWARD HENRY, jurist,
was born July 14, 1810, in Portsmouth,
N. H. In 1863 he was appointed United
States judge for the district of Louisiana.
DURFEE, BRADFORD MATTHEW
CHALONER, merchant, was born June
15, 1843, in Fall River, Mass. Durfee hall,
one of the finest college dormitories in
the United States, was his gift to Yale,
which honored him with the degree of
A. M. in 1871. He died Sept. 13, 1872, in
Fall River, Mass.
DURFEE, JOB, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, author, was born Sept. 20, 1790, in
Tiverton, R. I. He was for a long time
chief justice of Rhode Island, and for
many years was a member of the state
legislature and speaker of the house. He
was a representative in congress from
Rhode Island from 1821 to 1825. He was
the author of What Cheer? or, Roger
Williams in Exile; and Panidea, a philo
sophical treatise. He died July 26, 13iv,
in Tiverton, R. I.
322
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DURFEE, NATHANIEL B., agricultur
ist, congressman, was born Sept. 29, 1812,
in Tiverton, R. I. He represented the
town of Warwick several years in the
state legislature, and the town of Tiver
ton four years. He was elected a member
of the thirty-fourth congress, and was re-
elected to the thirty-fifth congress.
DURFEE, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, en
gineer, was born Nov. 15, 1833, in New
Bedford, Mass. In 1853 he became an en
gineer and architect in his native town,
and for five years held the appointment
of city surveyor. He was chosen as one
of the representatives of New Bedford in
the legislature of 1861, and, as secretary
• of its military committee, was active in
forwarding legislation for the equipment
of troops at the beginning of the civil
war. He equipped at Wyandotte, Mich.,
the first analytical laboratory built as an
adjunct to steel works in the United
States.
DURFEE, ZOHETH SHEARMAN, man
ufacturer, inventor, was born April 22,
1831, in Fall River, Mass. In 1866 the
Pneumatic Steel association was formed,
of which he was elected secretary and
treasurer, and remained its active man
ager until 1879. He has made numerous
inventions in machinery for the manufac
ture of steel industry than any other
American of his generation. He died
June 8, 1880, in Providence, R. I.
DURGIN, MARY LYLE, artist, was
born Feb. 3, 1850, in Wilmington, Mass.
She studied art in Paris, France, where
her pictures were exhibited in the French
salons in 1884 and 1886. In 1890 she paint
ed four large mural paintings for the
walls of the First Congregational church
of Detroit, Mich. Her studio is in Boston.
DURHAM, JOHN STEPHENS, diplo
mat, was born July 18, 1861, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was editor of the University
Journal of Philadelphia, Pa.; and re
porter on the Philadelphia Times. In 1890
he was appointed United States consul to
San Domingo; and in 1891 was United
States minister to the republic of Hayti.
DURHAM, JUDSON P., educator, cler
gyman, author, was born Aug. 2, 1853, in
Canada. For six years he was a mission
ary on the plains; and now fills a pastor
ate in Vermontville, Mich. He is the au
thor of one published work, and is a
constant contributor to current literature.
DURHAM, MILTON JAMISON, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born May 16,
1824, in Mercer county, Ky. He was a cir
cuit judge of Kentucky in 1861-62. He
was elected to the forty-third congress,
and re-elected to the forty-fourth con
gress. In 1875 he was appointed chairman
of the committee on revision of laws; and
re-elected to the forty-fifth congress. In
1885 he was appointed first comptroller of
the United States treasury.
DURIVAGE, FRANCIS ALEXANDER,
author, was born in 1814 in Massachusetts.
He was a magazinist of Boston, among
whose writings are The Fatal Casket;
Life Scenes from the World Around Us;
and Cyclopedia of History. He died in
1881.
DURKEE, CHARLES, merchant, con
gressman, United States senator, govern
or, was born Dec. 5, 1807, in Royalton, Vt.
He was a merchant; removed to Wiscon
sin; and was elected to the legislature of
that state in 1837 and 1838. He was a
representative In congress in 1848 and 1850
from Wisconsin; and was a United States
senator for six years, commencing in 1855.
He was a delegate to the peace congress
of 1861; and in 1865 was appointed gov
ernor of Utah. He died Jan. 14, 1870, in
Omaha, Neb.
DURKEE, JOHN, soldier, was born in
1728 in Windham, Conn. He distinguished
himself at Bunker Hill, and commanded
a regiment in the battles of Long Island,
Germantown, Harlem, White Plains,
Trenton, and Monmouth, and was in Gen.
John Sullivan's expedition against the
Six Nations in 1779. He died May 29, 1782,
in Norwich, Conn.
DURKEE, JOSEPH HARVEY, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, was born July 16,
1837, in Oneida county, N. Y. He served
in the civil war and attained the rank of
captain. He took up his residence in
Jacksonville, and was subsequently elect
ed state senator, resigning before the close
of his second term to accept the position
of United States marshal, which position
he held until 1885, when he resigned to
take that of master in chancery in the
United States courts.
DUROCHER, LAURENT, soldier, law
yer, statesman, was born in 1786 at St.
Genevieve Mission, Mo. He was a mem
ber of the first constitutional convention
in 1835; state senator in 1835 and 1836;
and representative in 1839. He also held
the offices of justice of the peace, probate
judge, circuit clerk, and clerk of the city
of Monroe, where he died Sept. 21, 1861.
DURRETT, REUBEN THOMAS, law
yer, orator, author, was born Jan. 22, 1824,
in Henry county, Ky. After studying at
the Georgetown col
lege, he graduated in
1849 from the Brown
university; and at
the law department
of the university of
Louisville a year
later. During 1857-
59 he was editor and
part owner of the
Louisville Courier.
During 1850-80 he
practiced his profes
sion in Louisville;
was founder of the public library of Ken
tucky; founder of the Louisville Abstract
and Loan association; and founder of the
Filson club of Louisville. He is president
of the associations that he has formed,
and a member of various historical socie-
t ies. He is the author of The Life and
Writings of John Filson, the first historian
of Kentucky; and a series of articles on
the Kentucky Resolutions of 1798-99. He
has distinguished himself as a lawyer,
speaker, writer, and author; and received
the degrees of A. B., A. M., and LL. D.
from Brown university.
DURRIE, DANIEL STEELE, educator,
antiquarian, author, was born Jan. 2, 1819,
in Albany, N. Y. In 1858 he became li
brarian of the State Historical society of
Wisconsin. He has been superintendent
of public schools at Roxbury, and secre
tary of the Madison board of education.
Among his publications are genealogical
histories of the Steele and Holt families;
Bibliographica Genealogica Americana, or
Index to American Pedigrees; History of
Madison, Wis., and the Four-Lake Coun
try (with W. B. Davis); History of Mis
souri; and Wisconsin Biographical Dic
tionary.
DURSTON, ALFRED S., clergyman,
was born May 1, 1848, in England. He
has filled pastorates in Berlin, Mass.; and
at Borodino and Syracuse, N. Y. In 1883
he became general secretary of the Syra
cuse Young Men's Christian association.
DURTHALLER, JOSEPH, clergyman,
college president, was born Nov. 28, 1819,
in Alsace. In 1860 he was elected presi
dent of St. Francis Xavier college, serving
until 1863. He died May 3, 1885, in New
York city.
DURYEA, HARMANUS B., soldier, law
yer, legislator, was born July 12, 1815, in
Newtown, N. Y. In 1847 he was district
attorney for Queens county, N. Y.; and in
1857 was elected a member of the assem
bly for Kings county. He served in the
civil war and organized the thirteenth,
fourteenth and twenty-eighth regiments
of Brooklyn, N. Y.
DURYEE, ABRAM, soldier, was born
April 29, 1815, in New York city. He ac
cumulated a fortune as a mahogany mer
chant in New York.
He entered the New
York state militia in
1833, and served in
the one hundred and
forty-second r e g i-
ment. Five years
later he joined the
twenty-seventh regi-
ment (now the
seventh) as a pri
vate, and rose grad
ually until he be
came its colonel in
1849, holding that office for fourteen
years. During the Astor place riots he
commanded his regiment and was twice
wounded.
DURYEE, WILLIAM RANKIN, soldier,
clergyman, author, was born April 10.
1838, in Newark, N. J. In 1864 he became
pastor of the Reformed church at Lafay
ette, Jersey City, N. J. He has published
a premium tract for soldiers, entitled
Sentinels for the Soul; Our Mission Work
Abroad; Centennial Discourses of the Re
formed Church; and critical essays and
poems in religious journals. His song
of The Kingdom of Home was awarded
a prize.
DUSENBERRY, FRANCES L., publish
er, author, was born in Rochelle, 111. In
1887 she founded, in conjunction with her
sister, Lucy Ella Dusenberry, the Purdy
Publishing company of Chicago. They at
tained success in publishing books on
metaphysical subjects, securing the con
trol of these books by paying the au
thors a royalty. For several years she
edited and published The Chicago Wom
an's News; and now publishes The Chi
cago Vegetarian.
DUSS, JOHN SAMUEL, philanthropist,
was born Feb. 22, 1860, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. He is the senior trustee of the Har
mony society of Economy, Pa., one of
the most unique and at one time wealthy
and picturesque communistic organiza
tions that has ever existed.
DUSTIN, DANIEL, soldier. He served
during the war as commander of the sec
ond brigade, third division of the twen
tieth army corps, with distinction. Dur
ing President Harrison's term of office
General Dustin served as assistant United
States treasurer in Chicago, until his
death, which occurred in 1893.
DUSTIN, HANNAH, heroine of New
England, was born about 1655. She was
the mother of thirteen children. When
the Indians attacked Haverhill, March 15,
1698, her husband, with the children,
escaped, and she, with an infant and her
nurse, was captured. After proceeding a
short distance, the infant was killed. Mrs.
Duston was taken to an island at the junc
tion of the Merrimack and Contoocook
rivers, being assigned to an Indian family
of twelve persons. With the aid of a
nurse and a boy, also a prisoner, she
killed the Indians with a hatchet, all but
a favorite boy and a wounded squaw, who
escaped, and returned safely to Haverhill
with their scalps. Her house, occupied by
Thomas Dustin, a descendant, was stand
ing in 1816.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
323
DUSTIN, WILLIAM G., journalist, was
born June 7, 1850, in Corinth, Vt. He is
the editor and owner of the Star and
Herald of Dwight, 111.; is prominent in
republican politics; and was a delegate
to the state conventions of 1892 and 1896.
In 1896 he was elected commander of the
Illinois division Sons of Veterans; and
has filled numerous positions of honor in
his county and state.
DUTCHER, ADDISON PORTER, physi
cian, author, was born Oct. 11, 1818, in
Durham, N. Y. He was a physician of
Cleveland; and the author of Selections
from My Portfolio, essays on Popular and
Scientific Subjects; Pulmonary Tubercu
losis; Sparks from the Forge of a Rough
Thinker; and Two Voyages to Europe.
He died Jan. 30, 1884, in Cleveland, Ohio.
DUTCHER, JACOB C., clergyman, au
thor, was born about 1820. He is a Dutch
reformed clergyman of New York; and
the author of Requisites of National
Greatness; The Prodigal Son; Our Fall
en Heroes; The Old Home by the River;
and Frank Lyttleton, or Winning His
Way.
DUTCHER, JOHN BOWDISH, capital
ist, legislator, was born Feb. 13, 1830, in
Dover, N. Y. He was a member of the
New York assembly in 1861 and 1862; and
of the state senate in 1864 and 1865. He is
president of the Union Stock Yard and
Market Co. of New York; president of
the National bank of Pawling; and pres
ident of the village of Pawling and the
New York State Agricultural society.
DUTCHER, SILAS B., banker, was born
July 12, 1829, in Springfield, Ohio. In 1884
he was elected president of the Union
Dime Savings institution of New York;
and in 1891 became president of the Ham
ilton's. Trust company of Brooklyn, N. Y.
BUTTON, CLARENCE EDWARD, sol
dier, surveyor, author, was born May 15,
1841, in Wallingford, Conn. He is an of
ficer in the United States army associ
ated with the geological survey. He is
the author of Geology of the High Pla
teaus of Utah; Tertiary History of the
Grand Canon District; Hawaiian Vol
canoes; Mount Taylor and the Zuni Pla
teau; and The Charleston Earthquake of
1886.
DUTTON, EVERELL FLETCHER, sol
dier, banker, was born Jan. 4, 1838, in
Charlestown, N. H. During the civil war
he served as first lieutenant and captain
of the thirteenth Illinois volunteers; was
major and colonel in the one hundred and
fifth Illinois infantry; and brevet briga
dier-general United States volunteers. He
is president of the National bank of Syca
more, 111.
DUTTON, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
soldier, physician, author, was born Dec.
18, 1826, in Sheldon, Vt. He enlisted in
1846 in an Ohio regiment of volunteers,
and served during the Mexican war in the
commissary and medical departments.
Among his contributions to medical liter
ature is a paper on Treatment of Fracture
of the Femur, printed in the Transactions
of the California Medical society for 1874.
DUTTON, HENRY, educator, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, governor, author,
was born Feb. 12, 1796, in Plymouth, Conn.
He was attorney for the state, professor
of law in Yale college; and served five
years in the legislature and one year in
the state senate. He was elected governor
of Connecticut in 1854; from 1861 to 1866
was judge of the superior court, and of
the supreme court of errors. He died
April 12, 1869, in New Haven, Conn.
DUTTON, HENRY WORTHINGTON,
journalist, was born April 17, 1796, in
Lebanon, Conn. For twenty-five years
the firm of Dutton and Wentworth in Bos
ton, Mass., had been state printers, the
contract terminating in 1852. He died
April 15, 1875, in Boston, Mass.
DUTTON, SAMUEL WILLIAM SOUTH-
MAYD, clergyman, author, was born
March 14, 1814, in Guilford, Conn. In 1843
upon the establishment of the New Eng-
lander, he became one of the associate
editors. He published various addresses,
and a History of the North Church dur
ing the Last Century. He died Jan. 26,
1866, in Milbury, Mass.
DUVAL, GABRIEL, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 6, 1752, in Prince
George county, Md. He served as a clerk
to the first legislature of Maryland, before
the declaration of independence; and was
a representative in congress from Mary
land from 1794 to 1796. He was a presi
dential elector in 1796 and 1800; comp
troller of the United States treasury in
1802; and in 1811 was appointed a judge
of the supreme court of the United States,
which office he held for twenty-five years.
He died March 6, 1844, in Prince George
county, Md.
DUVAL, HENRY REMAN, railroad
president, was born Oct. 17, 1842,.in Balti
more, Md. He was receiver of the Florida
Railway Navigation Co. from 1885 to 1889
when the property of that company passed
to the Florida Central and Peninsular R.
R. Co., of which he became president.
DUVAL, ISAAC H., soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Sept. 1, 1824,
in Wellsburg, Va. He entered the volun
teer army from Virginia in 1861 as a
major; and was brevetted a major-gen
eral. He subsequently served two years
in the state senate of West Virginia; also
two years as adjutant-general of the state;
and in 1868 was elected a representative
from West Virginia to the forty-first con
gress as a republican.
DUVAL, JOHN POPE, soldier, lawyer,
author, was born June 3, 1790, in Rich
mond, Va. He served as a first lieuten
ant in the war of 1812; and was pro
moted to captain in 1814. He served with
the rank of brigadier-general in the
Texan service. He then returned to
Florida as secretary of the territory; and
subsequently published a Digest of the
Laws of Florida. He died about 1855 in
Florida.
DUVAL, THOMAS H., jurist, was born
in Virginia. He emigrated to Texas, and
settled at Austin; and in 1857 was ap
pointed United States judge for the west
ern district of Texas.
DUVAL, WILLIAM P., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1784 in Vir
ginia. He was a representative in con
gress from Kentucky from 1813 to 1815;
and in 1822 was appointed governor of
Florida. He served as a captain of
mounted volunteers in 1812; and in 1848
removed to Texas. He died March 19,
1854, in Washington, D. C.
DUVALL, ALVIN, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, was born March 20, 1813, in
Georgetown, Ky. In 1850 he was elected
a member of the Kentucky legislature;
two years later was appointed circuit
judge; and in 1854 was elected judge of
the court of appeals. He died Nov. 17,
1891, in Frankfort, Ky.
DUVENECK, FRANK, artist, was born
about 1845 in Covington, Ky. He sent
five portraits to the Boston Art club in
1875; and has since attained high rank
as a successful artist.
DUYCKINCK, EVERT AUGUSTUS,
author, was born Nov. z3, 1816, in New
York city. He was a literary critic of
New York city, who with his brother
George, was the author of an Encyclo
paedia of American Literature, first issued
in 1855. Other works by the elder Duyc-
kinck are History of the War for the
Union; and Biography of Eminent Men
and Women of Europe and America. He
died in 1878.
DUYCKINCK, GEORGE LONG, author,
was born Oct. 17, 1823, in New York city.
He was a writer of New York city who,
beside his share in The Encyclopaedia of
American Literature, was the author of
Lives of George Herbert; Bishop Ken;
Jeremy Taylor; and Bishop Latimer. He
died in 3863.
DWIGHT, BENJAMIN WOODBRIDGE,
educator, author, was born April 5, 1816,
in New Haven, Conn. He was an educator
of New York city; and the author of
The Higher Christian Education; Mod
ern Philosophy; Modern Philology;
Woman's Higher Culture; The True Doc
trine of Divine Providence; History of
the Dwight Family in America; and His
tory of the Strong Family. He died in
1889.
DWIGHT, BENJAMIN WOOLSEY, phy
sician, author, was born Feb. 10, 1780, in
Northampton, Mass. He was treasurer
of Hamilton college in 1831-50. He pub
lished the first article ever published in
this country on Chronic Debility of the
Stomach. He died May 18, 1850, in Clin
ton, N. Y.
DWIGHT, EDMUND, merchant, au
thor, was born Sept. 3, 1824, in Boston,
Mass. In 1871 he went abroad to super
intend the distribution of the fund raised
by subscription in Boston for the relief
of the suffering caused in France by the
war with Germany, and on his return
he published an interesting Report to the
Executive Committee of the French Relief
Fund.
DWIGHT, EDWIN WELLES, clergy
man, author, was born in 1789 in Mas
sachusetts. He was a congregational cler
gyman of Richmond, Mass., whose only
publication was a History of Berkshire
County. He died in 1841.
DWIGHT, FRANCIS, lawyer, educator,
journalist, was born March 14, 1808, in
Springfield, Mass. In 1840 he established
in Albany The District School Journal,
under state patronage, which he conducted
until his death. He was active in de
vising and establishing the present code
of public instruction in the state of New
York. He died Dec. 15, 1845, in Albany,
N. Y.
DWIGHT, HARRISON GRAY OTIS,
missionary, author, was born in 1803 in
Massachusetts. He was a congregational
missionary to Armenia; and the author
of Researches of Smith and Dwight in
Armenia; Christianity Revived in the
East; and Catalogue of Armenian Litera
ture in the Middle Ages. He was killed in
a railroad accident Jan. 25, 1862.
DWIGHT, HENRY EDWIN, educator,
author, was born April 19, 1797, in New
Haven, Conn. He was an educator of
New Haven who published Travels in the
North of Germany. He died Aug. 11, 1832,
in New Haven, Conn.
DWIGHT, HENRY OTIS, soldier, au
thor, was born in 1843 in Turkey. He was
a federal officer during the civil war, who
was a correspondent of the New York
Tribune from Constantinople, 1876-79. He
is the author of Turkish Life in War
Times.
324
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
DWIGHT, HENRY WILLIAMS, state
legislator, congressman, was born Feb.
26, 1788, in Stockbridge, Mass. He was a
member of the Massachusetts legislature
In 1818 and 1834; and was a representa
tive in congress from Massachusetts from
1821 to 1831. He died Feb. 21, 1845, in New
York.
DWIGHT, JEREMIAH W., business
man, state legislator, congressman, was
born in Cincinnatus, N. Y. He was a
member of the state house of representa
tives in 1860 and 1861; and was a dele
gate to the republican national conven
tion of 1868. He was president of the
Dwight Farm and Land company of Da
kota; and was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, and forty-seventh congresses as a
republican. He died Nov. 26, 1885.
DWIGHT, JOHN SULLIVAN, journal
ist, author, poet, was born May 13, 1813,
in Boston, Mass. He was a distinguished
musical critic of Boston, and the editor
of Dwight's Journal of Music in 1852-81.
He was the author of a History of Music
in Boston and the poem God Save the
State. He died in 1893.
DWIGHT, JOSEPH, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born Oct. 16, 1703,
in Dedham, Mass. He was a distinguished
jurist of Worcester and Berkshire coun
ties, Mass., during 1733-61. He served at
the head of a brigade of militia at Lake
Champlain in the second French war.
For eleven years he was a representative
in the state legislature, and was speaker
of the house in 1749. He died June 9,
1765, in Great Barrington, Mass.
DWIGHT, MARY ANN, educator, au
thor, was born in 1806 in Massachusetts.
She was a teacher of drawing and paint
ing in New York city; and the author of
Grecian and Roman Mythology; Intro
duction to the Study of Art; and Art as
a Branch of Education. She died in De
cember, 1858, in Morrisanla, N. Y.
DWIGHT, NATHANIEL, physician,
clergyman, author, was born in 1770 in
Massachusetts. He was a physician and
clergyman of Rhode Island and Connecti
cut, who published the first school geog
raphy in America, and was author also
of The Great Question Answered; and A
Compendious History of the Signers of
the Declaration of Independence. He died
in 1831.
DWIGHT, SERENO EDWARDS, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born in
1786 in Connecticut. He was a congrega
tional clergyman and educator; and the
author of Life of David Brainerd; The
Hebrew Wife; and Select Discourses. He
edited the Works of Jonathan Edwards.
He died Nov. 30, 1850, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DWIGHT, SUSAN EDWARDS, author,
was born in 1788. She aided her husband
in preparing the works of Jonathan Ed
wards; and published an Abridgment of
the Memoirs of Mrs. Susan Huntington.
She died in 1851 in Boston, Mass.
DWIGHT, THEODORE, lawyer, jour
nalist, state senator, congressman, au
thor, was born Dec. 6, 1764, in Northamp
ton, Mass. For a number of years he was
a state senator in Connecticut; and was
a representative in congress from Con
necticut during the years 1806 and 1807.
In 1815 he established the Albany Daily
Advertiser; and in 1817 founded the New
York Daily Advertiser, which he con
ducted with signal ability until 1836, when
he removed to Hartford, Conn., and re
tired from active life. He was one of the
founders of the American Bible society;
and wrote a Life of Thomas Jefferson; A
Dictionary of Roots and Derivations; and
A History of the Hartford Convention.
He died June 11, 1846, in New York.
DWIGHT, THEODORE, author, was
born March 3, 1796, in Hartford, Conn. He
was a New York litterateur whose varied
writings include Tour in Italy; New Gazet
teer of the United States; History of Con
necticut; Summer Tour of New England;
The Northern Traveler; The Roman Re
public of 1849; The Kansas War; Life of
Garibaldi; The Father's Book; First Les
sons in Modern Greek; and School Dic
tionary of Roots and Derivatives. He died
Oct. 16, 1866, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
DWIGHT, THEODORE WILLIAM, edu
cator, lawyer, jurist, author, was born
July 18, 1822, in Catskill, N. Y. He was a
jurist of note who was professor of
municipal law in Columbia college; and
the author of Argument in the Rose Will
Case; Trial by Impeachment; and Pris
ons and Reformatories. He died June 28,
1892, in Clinton, N. Y.
DWIGHT, THOMAS, educator, state
senator, congressman. He was a member
of the Massachusetts legislature in 1794
and 1795; a state senator from 1796 to
1803 and in 1813; a member of the execu
tive council in 1808 and 1809; and was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1803 to 1805. He died in
1819.
DWIGHT, THOMAS, educator, author,
was born Oct. 13, 1843, in Boston, Mass.
He is a physician of Boston, and successor
to O. W. Holmes as professor of anatomy
in the Harvard Medical school. He is the
author of Anatomy of the Head; and The
Intracranial Circulation.
DWIGHT, TIMOTHY, educator, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
May 14, 1752, in Northampton, Mass. He
was a congregational clergyman who was
a very prominent figure in the early his
tory of the republic, and as president of
Yale college, 1795-1817, of great influence
as an educator as well. His most im
portant work is Theology Explained and
Defended in a Course of One Hundred and
Seventy-three Sermons, which has gone
into more than one hundred editions.
Other prose works are Genuineness and
Authenticity of the Old Testament; Ob
servations on Language; Essay on Light;
Travels in New England and New York,
which still furnishes entertaining reading.
His writings in verse include The Con
quest of Canaan, a very ponderous epic;
Greenfield Hill, a pastoral; and The Tri
umph of Infidelity, a satire. He died Jan.
11, 1817, in New Haven, Conn.
DWIGHT, TIMOTHY, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born in 1822
in Connecticut. He is a congregational
clergyman, president of Yale university
from 1886, and one of the members of the
New Testament Revision company. He is
the author of The True Ideal of an Amer
ican University.
DWIGHT, WILLIAM BUCK, scientist,
was born May 22, 1833, in Turkey. He is
a scientist who has been curator of Vassar
College museum for many years.
DWINELL, JUSTIN, congressman. He
was a member of the New York assembly
in 1821 and 1822; and was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1823
to 1825.
DWYER, EDWARD A., was born May
12, 1858, in Cincinnati, Ohio. He is prom
inent in railroad unions, and was presi
dent of the local union of the Switch
men's Mutual Aid association of North
America in 1894.
DWYER, JEREMIAH, manufacturer,
was born Aug. 22, 1837, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
In 1871 Mr. Dwyer and others organized
the well-known Michigan Stove company,
of which he is president. He is also a
director of the People's Savings bank of
Detroit; and vice-president of Buck Stove
and Range company.
DYATT, HUGH, miner, legislator, was
born July 19, 1850, in County Antrim,
Province Ulster, Ireland. He is of Scotch
and Irish descent;
attended the country
schools; and was
reared in the presby-
terian belief. His
early days were
spent in agricultural
pursuits; and in
1877 moved to Colo-
rado, where he has
since been principal-
ly engaged in min-
ing. In 1892 he was
elected a member of
the ninth general assembly of the state of
Colorado, receiving the unanimous nom
ination of both republican and populist
conventions. He is a man of strong con
victions, and takes advanced ground in all
public matters; and is interested in every
thing pertaining to the public welfare of
state. He has been successful in his
mining operations and owns extensive
mining property near Leadville, Colo.
He was the organizer of the Merchants
State bank of Almena.and is its vice-presi
dent. In 1898 he was a candidate for the
Colorado state senate.
DYCKMAN, JACOB, physician, author,
was born in 1788 in New York. He was
a physician of New York city who was
the author of Pathology of Human Fluids
He died in 1822.
DYE, WILLIAM McENTYRE, soldier,
author, was born Jan. 26, 1831, in Wash
ington, Pa. He was brevetted brigadier-
general in 3865. He served in the army
until 1879; when he entered the civil ser
vice in Washington, D. C. He is the au
thor of Moslem Egypt and Christian Abys
sinia, or Military Service under the Khe
dive.
DYER, ALEXANDER BRYDIE, soldier,
was born Jan. 10, 1815, in Richmond, Va.
In 1837 he graduated from West Point;
and for the following ten years performed
garrison and ordnance in different parts
of the country. For his services during the
Mexican war he was brevetted first lieu
tenant and captain. In 1864 he was pro
moted to be chief of ordnance, with the
rank of brigadier-general. And in 1865
he was brevetted major-general for faith
ful, meritorious and distinguished ser
vices. He held the position of chief of
ordnance until his death, and during his,
incumbency he increased in many ways
the efficiency of the service. He died
May 20, 1874, in Washington, D. C.
DYER, MRS. CATHERINE CORNELIA
(JOY), author, was born in Ludlowville,
N. Y. She is the author of Henry and
the Bird's Nest; Sunny Days Abroad;
Brief History of the Joy Family; and
Records of the Dyer Family.
DYER, CHARLES E., lawyer, jurist,
was born Oct. 5, 1824, in Cicero, N. Y. In
1859 he was elected city attorney of Ra
cine, Wis.;- and was re-elected in 1860.
In 1866 he was elected a representative in
the state legislature, and was re-elected
in 1867. In 1875 he was appointed United
States district judge for the eastern dis
trict of Wisconsin.
DYER, CHARLES VOLNEY, abolition
ist, was born June 12, 1808, in Clarendon,
Vt. He removed in 1835 to Chicago, and
soon became acting surgeon in Fort Dear
born. He was successful in his practice
and business adventures, retiring from the
former in 1854, and becoming agent for
the underground railroad in Chicago. He
died April 24, 1878, in Lake View, 111.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
325
DYER, DAVID PATTERSON, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, congressman, was born
Feb. 12, 1838, in Henry county, Va. He
moved to Missouri, and was elected a dis
trict prosecuting attorney in 1860; and
was elected to the state legislature in
1862 and 1865. He had command of the
forty-ninth Missouri volunteers during
a part of the rebellion. He was elected
secretary of the state senate in 1866; was
a delegate to the Chicago convention of
1868; and was elected a representative
from Missouri to the forty-first congress.
DYER, ELIPHALET, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 28, 1721, in
Windham, Conn. He was a representative
to the general court; and was appointed
to the command of a Connecticut regi
ment during the French war in 1755. He
was elected a member of the council in
1762; and was a delegate to the stamp
act congress of 1765. He was a delegate
to the continental congress in 1774, and
held a seat in that body during the war,
excepting 1779. He was appointed judge
of the supreme court in 1766; was chief
justice from 1789 to 1793. He died May 13,
1807, in Windham, Conn.
DYER, ELISHA, governor. He was
governor of Rhode Island for two years,
beginning with 1857.
DYER, HEMAN, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 24, 1810, in Shaftsbury, Vt.
He is an episcopal clergyman of New York
city; and the author of Voice of the Lord
upon the Waters; and Records of an Ac
tive Life, an autobiography.
DYER, JOHN J., jurist. He was an
early emigrant to Iowa; and prior to the
year 1850 was appointed United States
judge for the three districts of Iowa.
DYER, OLIVER, journalist, author, was
born April 26, 1824, in Porter, N. Y. He
became an expert in phonography, and
went to Washington in 1848 as a reporter
in the United States senate. In 1871 he
was engaged to write exclusively for the
New York Ledger. He was ordained a
minister in 1876, and became pastor of the
New Church society in Mount Vernon, N.
Y. He is the author of the Wickedest
Man in New York; and Great Senators.
DYER, SIDNEY, clergyman, author,
poet, was born Feb. 11, 1814, in Cam
bridge, N. Y. He is a baptist clergyman
of Philadelphia, well known as a song
writer. He is the author of Voices of
Nature and Thoughts in Rhyme; Psalm
ist for Use of Baptist Churches; Songs
and Ballads; The Drunkard's Child; Ruth,
a Cantata; Black Diamonds; Home and
Abroad; Hoofs and Claws; Ocean Gar
dens and Palaces; Elmdale Lyceum; and
The Beautiful Ladder, or the Two Stu
dents.
EADES, HARVEY L., founder, author,
was born in 1806, in Logan county, Ky.
He was one of the founders and a leader
of the Shaker society of Kentucky. He
was also the author of a number of re
ligious and metaphysical books and
pamphlets.
EADS, JAMES BUCHANAN, was born
May 23, 1820, in Lawrenceburg, Ind. He
was a civil engineer of distinction and the
designer of the Mississippi jetties. He
was the author of System of Naval De
fence; Mouth of the Mississippi, thf; Jetty
System Explained; and Discussion on Up
right Bridges. He died March 8, 1887, in
the Bahama Islands.
EAGAN, DENNIS, soldier, legislator
was born Feb. 4, 1844, in Ireland. He
served as a soldier during the civil war.
He served as a member of the state senate
of Florida for two terms, and for many
years was United States commissioner
under several administrations.
EAGER, DeWITT, merchant, state leg
islator, was born April 20, 1850, in Sang-
ersfleld, N. Y. He is a successful mer
chant of Beaver
Crossing, Neb.; and
in 1897 was elected a
member of the Ne
braska state legisla
ture. He has trav
eled extensive ly
throughout the west
and Alaska. In the
Nebraska state legis
lature he takes a
prominent part in
all debates, and
serves on the most
important committees.
EAGER, S. W., congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1829 to 1831.
EAGLE, HENRY, naval officer, was
born April 7, 1801, in New York city. In
1818 he entered the navy as midshipman;
was promoted commodore. He died Nov.
26, 1882.
EAGLE, JAMES P., soldier, governor,
was born Aug. 10, 1837, in Tennessee. He
served in the civil war and attained the
rank of lieutenant-colonel. He represent
ed Lonoke county in the legislature of
1877 and 1885; and in 1888 was elected
governor of Arkansas.
EAKINS, THOMAS, painter, sculptor,
was born July 25, 1844, in Philadelphia.
Pa. He has been director of schools of
Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts; lec
turer on artistic anatomy at the National
Academy of Design; Art Students' league
of New York; and the Cooper institute.
Among his noted pictures are A Lady
Singing; The Chess Players; and Mend
ing the Net.
EAMES, BENJAMIN T., lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 4, 1818, in Tud-
iiam, Mass. He was a member of the
state senate in 1854, 1855, 1856, 1859, and
1863; and of the legislature in 1859, 1868,
and 1869, serving the last year as speaker.
He was a delegate to the convention at
Chicago in 1860; and was elected to the
forty-second, forty-third, forty-fourth, and
forty-fifth congresses, and declined a re
election.
EAMES, EMMA, prima donna, was born
in China. She made her debut in Gou
nod's Romeo and Juliet in Paris, and dur
ing her engagement there she was deco
rated by the president of the French re
public with the decoration of officer of
the academy.
EAMES, MRS. JANE ANTHONY, au
thor, was born Jan. 21, 1816, in Welling
ton, Mass. She was a writer of Concord,
'N. H.; and the author of A Budget of
Letters; The Budget Closed; My Moth
er's Jewel; The Christmas Gift; and Let
ters from Bermuda.
EARL, ADAMS, railroad builder, was
born in 1820, in Fairfield county, Ohio.
In 1870 the Cincinnati, Lafayette and Chi
cago Railroad com-
I pany was organized,
1 to construct and
j operate a railroad
I from Lafayette to
' Kankakee, 111., con-
! necting at the latter
1 place with the Illi-
i nois Central railroad,
land thus forming
I the connecting link
j in the through line
from Cincinnati to
Chicago. This road
was built and owned by Adams Earl,
Moses Fowler, and Gustavus Ricker; Mr.
Earl being president, general manager,
and builder.
EARL, NATHANIEL CHURCHILL,
clergyman, was born Dec. 22, 1832, in
Canada. He graduated from the Meadville
Theological school, and for thirty years
has been a successful clergyman in Mich
igan, Indiana and Wisconsin, in the Uni-
versalist and Unitarian churches.
EARLE, MRS. ALICE MORSE, author,
was born in 1851, in Massachusetts. She
is a writer on American antiquarian
themes; and the author of Curious Pun
ishments of Bygone Days; Margaret Win-
throp, a biography; Costume of Colonial
Times; Customs and Fashions in Old New
England; The Sabbath in Puritan New
England; China-Collecting in America;
Colonial Dames and Goodwives; and Co
lonial Days in Old New York.
EARLE, ELIAS, congressman, was born
in Frederick county, Va. He was a rep
resentative in congress from South Caro
lina from 1805 to 1807, from 1811 to 1815,
and again from 1817 to 1821.
EARLE, JOHN B., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1803 to 1805.
EARLE, JOSEPH HAYNSWORTH,
lawyer, legislator, jurist, United States
senator, was born April 30, 1847, in Green
ville, S. C. For six years he served as a
member of the South Carolina state leg
islature; and for two years was a mem
ber of the state senate. During 1886-90
he served with distinction as attorney-
general of South Carolina; and in 1890 he
ran for governor against B. R. Tillman.
In 1894 he was elected circuit judge; and
in 1896 was elected to the United States
senate as a democrat. He took his seat
March 4, 1897, for term expiring in 1903.
EARLE, JULIUS RICHARD, lawyer,
legislator, was born Nov. 3, 1863, in An
derson county, S. C. He entered into the
practice of law, and as editor of various
newspapers. He has served as a member
of the general assembly of the state of
South Carolina,
EARLE, PARKER, horticulturist, was
born in 1831, in Mt. Holly, Vt. He has
been president of the Illinois state horti
cultural society, and is now president of
the Mississippi Valley and the American
horticultural societies.
EARLE, PLINY, inventor, was born
Dec. 17, 1762, in Leicester, Mass. He in
vented a machine for pricking twilled
cards for carding cotton and wool, by
which the labor of a man for fifteen hours
could be performed in as many minutes.
This machine was in general use for
years, until it was superseded by the
machine that both pricks the letter and
sets the teeth. He died Nov. 19, 1832, in
Leicester, Mass.
EARLE, PLINY, physician, author,
was born Dec. 31, 1809, in Leicester, Mass.
He was the author of Marathon and Other
Poems; Institutions for the Insane in
Prussia, Germany, and Austria; Visits to
Thirteen Insane Asylums in Europe; The
Curability of Insanity; Blood-Letting in
Disorders; The Earle Family; and Ralph
Earle and his Descendants. He died Nov.
19, 1892, in Leicester, Mass.
EARLE, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1795 to 1797.
EARLE, THOMAS, lawyer, philanthro
pist, journalist, author, was born April 21,
1796, in Leicester, Mass. He was a law
yer and philanthropist of Philadelphia;
and the author of Essay on Penal Law;
Right of States to Alter and Annul their
Charters; Railroads and Internal Com
munications (1830); and Life of Benjamin
Lundy. He died July 14, 1849, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
326
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
EARLL, JONAS, congressman, was born
in 1786. He was at one time a senator
in the New York legislature: and was a
member of congress from that state from
1827 to 1831. He was a canal commission
er at the time of his death. He died in
October, 1846, in Syracuse, N. Y.
EARLL, NEHEMIAH H., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1839 to 1841.
EARLY, CHARLES, real estate oper
ator, was born Jan. 16, 1851, in Lynch-
burg, Va. In 1883 he came to Washing
ton, D. C., and became a real estate oper
ator. He has originated and promoted
several land syndicates, and those en
gaged with him have substantial proof
of his foresight and good sense.
EARLY, JOHN, bishop, was born Jan.
1, 1786, in Bedford county, Va. Though
sixty-nine years of age, he was elected
bishop in 1854. and served his church with
great zeal and fidelity for nineteen years.
He died Nov. 5, 1873, in Lynchburg, Va.
EARLY, JOHN, clergyman, college
president, was born in 1814, in Ireland.
He was appointed president of Worcester
college, Mass., where he remained sev
eral years. Subsequently he was trans
ferred to the presidency of Georgetown
college. He died in 1874, in Georgetown,
D. C.
EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON, general,
author, was born Nov. 3, 1816, in Frank
lin county, Va. He was a distinguished
general in the confederate army who set
tled in New Orleans after the close of the
civil war. He was the author of Memoir
of the Last Year of the War for Inde
pendence in the Confederate States; Cam
paigns of General Lee; and Jackson's
Campaign against Pope. He died in 1894.
EARLY, LEWIS JOHNSON, educator,
journalist, author, was born Feb. 2, 1865,
in Ohio county, Ky. He commenced life
as a teacher in Hawesville, Ky.; and sub
sequently was instructor of elocution in
the West Kentucky college. He is the
editor and proprietor of The Telephone
of Cannelton, Ind.; and is also the au
thor of a book of selections entitled The
Elocutionist's Favorite.
EARLY, PETER, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, governor, was born June 20,
1773, in Madison county, Va. He served
in the United States house of represen
tatives from Georgia from 1802 to 1807.
On his return to Georgia he was made a
judge of the supreme court of the state;
in 1813 was elected governor; and was
subsequently a state senator. He died
Aug. 15, 1817, in Greene county, Ga.
EASON, JAMES HENRY, educator,
clergyman, editor, was born Oct. 24, 1866,
in Sumterville, Ala. He attended the Sel-
ma university, and the Richmond Theo
logical seminary, Virginia, from which
institution he received the degree of B. D.
in 1890. He was principal of the Auburn
academy, Alabama; missionary of the
American Baptist Home Mission society
of New York city; and professor of
mathematics and metaphysics in Selma
university. He reads Greek and Hebrew
fluently, and has made some original in
vestigations in ancient history; and is the
author of a work on that subject entitled
The March of Civilization. He is a suc
cessful clergyman, and the editor of The
Baptist Leader.
EAST, THOMAS SADLER, business
man, was born Aug. 11, 1879. He gradu
ated from the Military academy of Clin
ton, La., in which city he is successfully
engaged in business.
EASTBURN, GEORGE, educator, was
born Nov. 25, 1838. in Bucks county, Pa.
In 1862 he enlisted in the eleventh regi
ment Pennsylvania
7 volunteer infantry,
and subsequently
i left the military ser
vice on account of
sickness. In 1868 he
fc . ; graduated from Yale
i college, with the de-
I gree of B. A.; and
[ the same year
^•^ fiiundcd an English
I and classical school
9^B ^B^H on Broad street,
Philadelphia, known
as The Eastburn academy, which he has
since conducted with great success. He
was offered the vice-presidency of Girard
college. He has lectured extensively on
the metric system, and other subjects. In
1871 Yale college gave him the degree of
M. A.; and in 1890 the degree of Ph. D.
was conferred on him by Princeton col
lege.
EASTBURN, JAMES WALLIS, clergy
man, 'author, poet, was born Sept. 26,
1797, in London, England. At the age of
eighteen he wrote the hymn O Holy, Holy,
Holy Lord! and was a contributor to
various periodicals. He published, in
conjunction with Robert C. Sands, Yam-
oyden, a romantic poem, founded on the
history of King Philip, the sachem of the
Wampanoags. He died at sea Dec. 2,
1819.
EASTBURN, MANTON, bishop, author,
was born Feb. 1, 1801, in England. He
was the fourth protestant episcopal
bishop of Massachusetts. He was the au
thor of Lectures on Hebrew, Latin, and
Greek Poetry; Lectures on the Epistles to
the Philippians; and Essays and Disser
tations on Biblical Literature. He died
Sept. 11, 1872, in Boston, Mass.
EASTERBROOK, EXPERIENCE, law
yer, congressman, was born April 30, 1813,
in Lebanon, N. H. He was a member of
the convention that formed the constitu
tion of Wisconsin; served also in the leg
islature, and was attorney general of the
state. In 1854 he was appointed United
States district attorney for the territory
of Nebraska, which office he held until
1859, when he was elected a delegate from
Nebraska to the thirty-sixth congress.
EASTLAND, MRS. CLARA F., poet, was
born June 16, 1835, in Rutland, Vt. She
is the author of a number of poems.
EASTMAN, ALVAH, legislator, journal
ist, was born Aug. 22, 1858, in Lovell,
Maine. In 1889 he was elected a member
of the Minnesota legislature; and during
1890-93 was United States revenue agent.
He is the editor and owner of the Daily
and Weekly Journal of St. Cloud; and
president of the Minnesota Editorial as
sociation.
EASTMAN, BENJAMIN C., congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Wisconsin from 1851 to 1855.
He died Feb. 5, 1856, in Platteville, Wis.
EASTMAN, CHARLES GAMAGE, poet,
was born June 1, 1816, in Frysburg, Maine.
He was a poet of Montpelier, Vt., who
published in 1848 a volume of Poems, de
scriptive of rural life in New England.
He died in 1861 in Burlington, Vt.
EASTMAN, CHARLES ROCHESTER,
scientist, author, was born in 1868 in In
diana. He is a scientist of Cambridge, an
assistant in the Museum of Comparative
Zoology. He edited and translated from
the German of Karl von Zittel a Text-
Book of Palaeontology.
EASTMAN, DAVID WALLACE, legis
lator, financier, was born Sept. 18, 1839,
in Republic, Ohio. He received a thorough
education and taught
school until gradua
tion in Battle Creek.
Mich. He enlisted
in 1861 and served
with distinction in
fifteen battles and
skirmishes. He re-
enlisted in 1864, and
resigned the follow
ing year. He served
in the second regi
ment Missouri caval
ry (Merrill's Horse);
was sergeant of company H, and rapidly
promoted to sergeant-major, first lieuten
ant, and adjutant of his regiment. In
1871 he moved to Kansas, and since that
time has resided in Emporia, where he
has attained success in the real estate
business, as a financier, and in public af
fairs. He has been assistant postmaster;
a member of the board of education;
treasurer of his county twice; mayor of
Emporia; cashier of the Citizens' bank;
and in 1893 was a member of the famous
Kansas house of representatives, and did
some important work for the cause of
good government. In 1894 he was a can
didate for state treasurer before the re
publican convention, and has taken an
active part in the public affairs of his
city, county and state. He is now secre
tary and treasurer of the Building and
Loan association of Emporia, Kas.
EASTMAN, EDWARD, lawyer, legisla
tor, was born in April, 1837, in Harrison,
Maine. He is a successful lawyer; and
represented his city in the state legisla
ture in 1876.
EASTMAN, MRS. ELAINE GOODALE,
educator, author, poet, was born Oct. 9.
1863, in Berkshire county, Mass. She be
came a teacher at various Indian schools,
and in 1891 married Dr. Charles East
man, a Sioux Indian. She is now su
pervisor of schools in St. Paul, Minn. She
is the author of Journal of a Farmer's
Daughter; The Coming of the Birds; and
a volume of poems entitled Apple Blos
soms.
EASTMAN, GEORGE, inventor, was
born July 12, 1854, in Waterville, N. Y. As
an amateur photographer and experiment
er during this period he perfected a pro
cess for making dry plates, and in 1881
began to manufacture dry plates on a
small scale. The Eastman Dry Plate com
pany now employs 700 people, and has a
branch factory in Harrow, England. The
Kodak was the greatest hit, and the East
man Kodak company, formed to produce
it, capital $5,000,000, is sending its goods
all over the world.
EASTMAN, HARVEY GRIDLEY, edu
cator, was born Nov. 16, 1832, in Marshall,
N. Y. He opened a commercial school in
St. Louis in 1855, and four years later the
Eastman National Business college at
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1871, and again
in 1873, Mr. Eastman was elected to the
New York assembly, and he also served
three terms as mayor of Poughkeepsie.
He died July 13, 1878, in Denver, Colo.
EASTMAN, IRA A., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in New Hamp
shire. He served in the state legisla
ture, and was speaker of the house from
1837 to 1839; and was at one time sec
retary of the state senate. He was regis
ter of probate; from 1844 to 1859 was a
judge of the circuit and the supreme
courts; and was elected a representative
in congress from New Hampshire from
1839 to 1843.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
327
EASTMAN, JOHN ROBIE, astronomer,
was born July 29, 1836, in Andover, N. H.
In February, 1865, he was appointed pro
fessor of mathematics in the United States
navy, with the relative rank of comman
der, and assigned to astronomical work
in the United States observatory in Wash
ington. He has accompanied various
astronomical expeditions throughout the
United States, and in 1870 was sent to
Syracuse, Sicily, to observe the total
eclipse of the sun that took place on Dec.
22 of that year.
EASTMAN, JULIA ARABELLA, educa
tor, author, was born July 17, 1837, in
Fulton, N. Y. She is a Massachusetts
teacher who has written a number of ju
venile tales, among which are Short Com
ings and Long Goings; Young Rick; and
Kitty Kent's Trouble.
EASTMAN, MACARTHUR EASTMAN,
capitalist, was born June 8, 1810, in Gil-
manton. He introduced the patent spin
ning jenny into England; sold patent of
breech-loading cannon to British govern
ment in 1856; and contracted for fire
arms to the United States and other gov
ernments. He planned the direct ocean
cable, laid in 1874. He died Sept. 3, 1877,
in Manchester, N. H.
EASTMAN, MRS. MARY HENDER
SON, author, was born in 1818 in Warren-
ton, Va. She is the author of Romance
of Indian Life; Dacotah, or Life and Leg
ends of the Sioux; American Aboriginal
Portfolio; Chicora and other Regions of
the Conquerors and the Conquered; Tales
of Fashionable Life; and Aunt Phillis's
Cabin, a reply to Uncle Tom's Cabin.
EASTMAN, NEHEMIAH, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1785 in Strafford
county, N. H. He settled at Farmington,
N. H. He was a senator in the state leg
islature from 1820 to 1825; and a repre
sentative in congress from New Hamp
shire from 1825 to 1827. He died Jan. 11,
1850.
EASTMAN, ORNAN, clergyman, was
born March 27, 1796, in Amherst, Mass.
He entered the service of the American
Tract society in Boston in 1825-28. In the
latter year he was transferred to New
York, first as general agent for the Mis
sissippi valley, and from 1832 as finance
secretary, which office he continued to
fill till he retired in 1870. He died April
24, 1874, in New York city.
EASTMAN, PHILIP, jurist, author, was
born Feb. 5, 1789, in Chatham, N. H. He
served as a commissioner to locate claims
of settlers on the northeastern boundary
of Maine. He published General Statutes
of Maine in 1840, and Digest of the First
Twenty-Six Volumes of Maine Law Re
ports in 1849. He died Aug. 7, 1869, in
Saco, Mainei
EASTMAN, SANFORD, physician, was
born in 1821 in Lodi, N. Y. He began
to practice in Buffalo, and was in 1858
appointed to the professorship of anatomy
in the university, to which was added in
1867 that of clinical surgery, which posi
tion he resigned in 1870. He died Jan.
8, 1874, in Riverside, Cal.
EASTMAN, SETH, soldier, author, was
born Jan. 24, 1808, in Brunswick, Maine.
He was an officer in the United States
army stationed at Fort Snelling and other
places on the western frontier; after
wards a lieutenant-colonel and brevet
brigadier-general. He was the author of
History, Condition and Future Prospects
of the Indians of the United States; and
Topographical Drawing. He died Aug. 31,
1875, in Washington, D. C.
EASTON, CARROLL F., banker, was
born Aug. 31, 1857, in Lowville, N. Y.
He received his education in the schools
of West Martinsburg, N. Y., and has at
tained prominence as a successful ban
ker. For many years he lived in Minne
sota, and is now a prominent banker of
Aberdeen, S. D., and general financial
agent of the western department of the
Fidelity and Deposit company of Mary
land.
EASTON, JOHN, governor. He was gov
ernor of Rhode Island in 1690-95, and
wrote a Narrative of the Causes which led
to Philip's Indian War of 1675-76.
EASTON, NICHOLAS, governor of
Rhode Island, was born in 1593 in
Rhode Island. He was governor of the
united colonies of Rhode Island and Prov
idence in 1650-52. He died Aug. 15, 1675,
in Newport, R. I.
EASTON, RUFUS, jurist, congressman.
He was appointed United States judge for
the territory of Louisiana in 1805; and
was elected a delegate to congress from
Missouri territory from 1814 to 1816.
EATON, AMOS, scientist, author, was
born May 17, 1776, in Chatham, N. Y. H°
was a prominent scientist whose writings
include Index to Geology of the Northern
States; Natural History of New York;
Geological Survey of the Erie Canal Dis
trict; Philosophical Instructor; and Man
ual of Botany of North America. He died
May 6, 1842, in Chatham, N. Y.
EATON, AMOS BEEBE, soldier, was
born May 12, 1806, in Catskill, N. Y. He
was brevetted major-general in 1865, and
was placed on the retired list in 1874. He
died Feb. 21, 1877, in New Haven, Conn.
EATON, ARTHUR WENTWORTH
HAMILTON, clergyman, educator, author,
was born Dec. 10, 1849, in Nova Scotia.
He is an episcopal clergyman and instruc
tor of New York city. He is the author
of The Heart of the Creeds, a notable
contribution to Broad church literature;
Acadian Legends and Lyrics; Letter-Writ
ing, its Ethics and Etiquette; The Church
of England in Nova Scotia; and Tales of
a Garrison Town.
EATON, ASA, clergyman, author, was
born July 25, 1778, in Plaistow. He was
rector of Trinity church, Bridgewater,
Mass.; and wrote History of Christ
Church, Boston. He died March 24, 1858,
in Boston, Mass.
EATON, BENJAMIN H., farmer, man
ufacturer, governor, was born Dec. 15,
1833, in West Bedford, Ohio. He served
as justice of the peace, county commis
sioner, and as representative and sena
tor in the territorial legislature; and in
1884 was elected governor of the state of
Colorado.
EATON, CHARLES HENRY, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 15, 1852, in
Beverly, Mass. He attended Dean acad
emy, Tufts' college, and Tufts' Divinity
school. He has attained success as a uni-
versalist clergyman, and has filled pastor
ates in St. Paul's church of Palmer, Mass.;
and in the Church of the Divine Paternity
of New York city. He has written ex
tensively on reform and social economics.
EATON, CYRUS, educator, author, po
et, was born Feb. 11, 1784, in Framing-
ham, Mass. He was an educator of Maine
who was totally blind for the last thirty
years of his life; and for five years was
a representative in the Massachusetts leg
islature. He was the author of Annals
of Warren, Maine; Woman, a poem; and
History of Thomaston, Maine. He died
Jan. 21, 1875, in Warren, Maine.
EATON, DANIEL CADY, educator, au
thor, was born Sept. 12, 1834, in Fort
Gratiot, Mich. He was a professor of bot
any at Yale university; and the author of
The Ferns of North America; and Ferns
of the Southwest. He died in 1895.
EATON, DANIEL CADY, educator, au
thor, was born June 16, 1837, in Johns
town, N. Y.^ He was a professor of the
history of art at Yale university in 1869-
76; and the author of Handbook of Greek
and Roman Sculpture.
EATON, DORMAN BRIDGMAN, jurist,
author, was born June 27, 1823, in Hard-
wick, Vt. He is a jurist of New York
city, prominent in civil service reform,
who has published Civil Service in Great
Britain, and edited the seventh edition of
Kent's Commentaries.
EATON, EDWARD DWIGHT, clergy
man, educator, college president, was born
Jan. 12, 1851, in Lancaster, Wis. This
eminent clergyman and educator has filled
pastorates in the congregational church
at Newton, Iowa, and at Oak Park, 111.;
and in 1886 became president of the Be-
loit college, Wis.
EATON, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
clergyman, college president, was born •
July 3, 1804, in Henderson, Pa. He wan
president of Madison university from 1850
till 1861, and at the same time professor
of systematic theology. From 1861 to 1871
he was president of Hamilton Theological
seminary and professor of homiletics. He
died Aug. 3, 1872, in Hamilton, N. Y.
EATON. HORACE, educator, governor,
was born June 22, 1804, in Barnard, Vt.
He was for some years a member of the
legislature; lieutenant-governor from 1843
to 1846; superintendent of public schools
from 1845 to 1850; governor of the state
from 1846 to 1849; and was a member of
the constitutional convention in 1848. He
died July 4, 1855, in Middlebury.
EATON, ISAAC, educator, was born in
1724, in Montgomery, Pa. He was for
twenty-six years pastor of the baptist
church in Hopewell, N. J., and was the
first teacher among American baptists to
open a school for the education of young
men for the ministry. He died July 4,
1772.
EATON, JAMES R., clergyman, educa
tor, was born Dec. 11, 1834, at Hamilton,
N. Y. In the spring of 1869 he became
professor of natural science in William
Jewell college, Liberty, Mo. He died
March 20, 1897, in Cairo, Egypt, while on
a trip to the Holy Land.
EATON, JOHN, educator, soldier, jour
nalist, was born Dec. 5, 1829, in Button,
N. H. He was commissioned a colonel in
the volunteer service, and brevetted a
general. He established and edited the
Daily Post at Memphis, Tenn. ; and in
1870 was appointed United States commis
sioner of education.
EATON, JOHN HENRY, was born in
1790 in Tennessee. He was a senator in
congress from Tennessee from 1818 to
1829; and was secretary of war under
President Jackson from 1829 to 1831. From
1834 to 1836 was governor of the territory
of Florida; and from 1836 to 1840 was
minister plenipotentiary to Spain. He
was the author of a Life of Andrew Jack
son. He died Nov. 17, 1856, in Washing
ton, D. C.
EATON, JOSEPH ORIEL, artist, was
born Feb. 8, 1829, in Licking county, Ohio.
He was an effective genre and portrait
painter, both in oil and water colors. The
works that he exhibited at the National
academy are Landscape View on the Hud
son; and Moral Instruction. He died Feb.
7, 1875, in Yonkers, N. Y.
328
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
EATON, LEWIS, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1823 to 1825.
EATON, NATHANIEL, educator, was
born about 1609, in England. He was the
first master of the school afterward called
Harvard college. He died in 1660, in Eng
land.
EATON, SAMUEL JOHN MILLS, cler
gyman, author, was born April 15, 1820,
in Fairview, Pa. During 1848-82 he was
pastor of a church in Franklin, Pa.; held
the office of stated clerk of the presby
tery of Erie since 1853, and has held high
positions in his church. In 1871 he visit
ed Egypt, Palestine, Greece and Turkey.
He was the author of History of the Pres
bytery of Erie; Lakeside; Jerusalem; Pal
estine; and other works.
EATON, SHERBURNE BLAKE, law
yer, was born Feb. 23, 1840, in Lowell,
Mass. In 1884 he was made general coun
sel and president of the Edison Electric
Light company of New York city.
EATON, THEOPHILUS, first governor
of New Haven colony, was born about
1591 in England. In 1643 he was chosen
the first governor of the New Haven col
ony. He died June 7, 1658, in Columbia,
5. C.
EATON, THOMAS TREADWELL, cler
gyman, author, was born Nov. 16, 1845,
in Murfreesborough, Tenn. He is a
baptist minister of Louisville; and the
author of My Angels; Talks to Children;
Marriage and Law; and Talks on Getting
Married.
EATON, WILLIAM, soldier, diplomat,
was born Feb. 23, 1764, in Woodstock,
Conn. In 1797 he was appointed consul
to Tunis, and arrived there in March, 1799.
He died June 1, 1811, in Brimfield, Mass.
EATON, WILLIAM W., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born October,
1816, in Tolland, Conn. He was elected
a member of the house of representatives
of Connecticut in 1847, 1848, 1853, 1863,
1868, 1870, 1871, 1873, and 1874; and was
elected speaker in 1853 and 1873. He was
elected state senator in 1850; in 1874 was
elected United States senator for the term
er-Mng in 1881; and in 1882 was elected a
rt,resentative from Connecticut to the
forty-eighth congress as a democrat.
EATON, WYATT, artist, was born May
6, 1849, in Canada. He studied art in New
York Academy of Design; and in Paris,
France. In 1878 he painted portraits of
the poets Bryant, Whittier, Longfellow,
Emerson and Holmes; a portrait of Pres
ident Garfield for the Union League club;
and a portrait of Bishop Horatio Potter,
and of other eminent men. He was one
of the organizers of the Society of Ameri
can Artists, of which he has been pres
ident.
EBAUGH, ZACHARIAH CORNELIUS,
educator, was born Aug. 7, 1854, in
Houcksville, Md. He received his educa
tion in the public schools of Maryland,
the Reisterstown High school, and the
Normal classes in Illinois. He ha? been
principal of various schools in Mary
land, and is now principal and professor
of mathematics in the Franklin High
school of Reisterstown, Md. He is also a
member of the state board of education of
Maryland.
EBERHARD, ERNST G., musician,
was born May 30, 1839, in Germany. In
1857 he emigrated to America, and has
become one of the finest orchestral con
ductors of the age. During 1859-63 he
was organist of St. Ann's church of
Brooklyn, N. Y.; during 1864-76 was or
ganist of St. Paul's church of New York
city; and in 1874 he founded the grand
conservatory of music, of which he is still
the president. He is the author of many
musical works; among them the course
of studies for the piano in twelve books;
and also a method in two books; and
many miscellaneous works. His lectures
on the science and history of music, com
menced in 1894, have become very pop
ular in the east.
EBERHART, GILBERT L., soldier,
lawyer, legislator, poet, was born in
Beaver county, Pa. He was educated at
.^_^^^_____ Mercer academy and
Washington college.
He served four years
in the union army
during the war, a
part of that time be
ing on the staff of
Gen. George G.
Meade. Since enter
ing upon the practice
of law he has always
been active in public
affairs; has served as
county superinten
dent of the public schools; two terms as
a member of the legislature of Pennsyl
vania; was twice mayor of New Brighton;
and in 1891 was elected a delegate to a
proposed convention for the revision of
the state constitution. He is a member
of the Bars of Beaver, Lawrence, Mer
cer and Butler counties, and of the su
preme court of Pennsylvania. He has
been strongly urged to stand for nomina
tion to the bench in the thirty-sixth ju
dicial district. He is the author of a
number of meritorious poems.
EBERLE, JOHN, physician, author, was
born Dec. 10, 1787, in Lancaster county,
Pa. He was a noted physician of Phila
delphia, and later of Cincinnati; and the
author of Botanical Terminology; Dis
eases and Physical Education of Children;
Therapeutics and Materia Medica; and
Notes on Theory and Practice of Medi
cine. He died Feb. 2, 1838, in Lexington,
Ky.
EBERSOLE, EZRA C., educator, col
lege president, lawyer, was born Oct. 18,
1840, in Mt. Pleasant, Pa. He was pro
fessor of mathematics; and became pres
ident of the Western college, Iowa. For
several years he was supreme court re
porter of Iowa; and has practiced law
since 1870 with success, principally in To
ledo, Iowa.
ECCLESON, SAMUEL, Roman catholic
archbishop, was born in 1801 in Mary
land. He successively filled the offices
of vice-president and president of St.
Mary's college. In 1834 he was con
secrated coadjutor archbishop of Balti
more, and succeeded Archbishop Whit-
field in the same year. He died in 1851 in
Georgetown, D. C.
ECKARD, JAMES READ, missionary,
author, was born Nov. 22, 1805, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a presbyterian mis
sionary to India; and the author of
Faith and Justification; The Hindoo Trav
eler; and Outline of English Law from
Blackstone. He died in 1887.
ECKER, JOHN EMIL, musician, author,
was born April i4, 1853, in Austria. He is
the author of a concert overture for a
full orchestra, and other compositions.
ECKERT, GEORGE N., physician, con
gressman, was born in Pennsylvania. He
was a representative in congress from that
state from 1847 to 1849, after which he was
appointed director of the United States
mint from 1851 to 1853. He died in July,
1865, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ECKFELDT, JACOB REESE, assayer,
was born March, 1803, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He early entered the United States
mint, where his father was chief coiner,
and by his capabilities rapidly rose until
he was made chief assayer. He died Aug.
9, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ECKFORD, HENRY, naval architect,
was born March 12, 1775, in Scotland. In
the second war with Great Britain, 1812-
15, he was employed by the government
to construct ships of war on the lakes,
and filled the contract with expedition and
skill. He died Nov. 12, 1832. in Constan
tinople.
ECKLES, DELANE R., jurist, was born
in Kentucky. He removed to Indiana and
was appointed chief justice of the United
States court for the territory of Utah.
ECKLES, JOHN BROOKS, lawyer, leg
islator, was born Sept. 6, 1868. in Pleas
ant Grove, Miss. He is a son of a Vir
ginia family. In 1889 he graduated from
the university of Mississippi, with the de
gree of LL. B. In 1892 he was elected for
four years and served with distinction as
a member of the Mississippi house of rep
resentatives, but resigned Nov. 1, 1894,
to accept the appointment of superinten
dent of education for Panola county.
Miss., receiving the reappointment in 1896
for four years. He is also a successful
lawyer, and operates planting interests.
ECKLEY, EPHRAIM R., soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
Dec. 9, 1812, in Jefferson county, Ohio. He
was a member of the Ohio senate in 1843,
1845 and 1849, serving until 1851; and in
1853 was elected to the state house of rep
resentatives. During the rebellion he
was a colonel, and at the battle of Corinth
commanded a brigade. In 1862 he was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-eighth congress, and was re-elected
to the thirty-ninth and fortieth congresses
as a republican.
EDDY, ANSEL DOANE, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 15, 1798, in Will-
iamstown, Mass. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of New York who published
the Christian Citizen; Duties. Dangers
and Securities of Youth. He died Feb.
7, 1875, in Lansingburg, N. Y.
EDDY, CLARENCE, organist, author,
was born in 1851. He is an organist of
Chicago; and the author of The Church
and Concert Organist; and The Organ in
Church.
EDDY, DANIEL CLARK, clergyman,
author, was born May 21, 1823, in Salem,
Mass. He was a baptist clergyman of Bos
ton, and subsequently of Brooklyn, who
wrote extensively, some of his books hav
ing been very popular. Among them are
The Percy Family, and Walter's Tour in
the East, two series of volumes for young
readers; Young Man's Friend; Young
Woman's Friend; The Burman Apostle, a
Life of Judson; Roger Williams and the
Baptists; The Unitarian Apostasy; Eu-
ropa, or Scenes in the Old World; Wait
ing at the Cross; and Angel Whispers.
EDDY, EBENEZER J. FOSTER, sol
dier, scientist, was born Jan. 15, 1847, in
Moretown, Vt. He has held various posi
tions in the Grand Army of the Republic;
and has been president of the National
Christian Scientists' association.
EDDY, EDWARD, actor, was born in
1821 in Troy, N. Y. He came to New
York in 1851, and was successively man
ager of the Metropolitan theater, Bur
ton's Chambers street theater, the Old
Bowery, and the old Broadway theater.
He died Dec. 19, 1875, in Jamaica.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
329
EDDY, FRANK M., educator, business
man, congressman, was born April 1, 1856,
in Pleasant Grove, Minn. He was elected
clerk of the district court of Pope county,
and he has held this position, also that
of court reporter of the sixteenth judi
cial district, continuously ever since. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-
fifth congresses as a republican.
EDDY, HENRY CLARENCE, musician,
was born June 23, 1851, in Greenfield,
Mass. He has attained success as a mu
sician of Chicago, 111.
EDDY, HENRY TURNER, educator,
mathematician, author, was born June 9,
1844, in Stoughton, Mass. He is a mathe
matician, and since 1874 a professor in
the university of Cincinnati; and the au
thor of Analytical Geometry; Researches
in Graphical Statics; Thermodynamics;
and Maximum Stress under Concen
trated Loads.
EDDY, JOHN H., geographer, was
born in 1782. He published a circular map
of the country for thirty miles around
New York in 1814; a map of the western
part of New York; a map to illustrate the
communication between Lake Erie and
the Hudson; and a map of the state of
New York; and was engaged on a gen
eral atlas of America at the time of his
death. He died Dec. 22, 1817.
EDDY, MRS. MARY BAKER GLOVER,
author. She is a resident of Concord,
N. H., widely known as the founder of
the sect of Christian
Scientists. Besides
Christian Science;
Science and Health,
she has published a
number of pamphlets
on the general sub
ject of Christian
Science. She has lec-
t u r e d extensively
throughout the
United States on
Christian Science;
and has also con
tributed extensively to current publica
tions on that subject.
EDDY, NORMAN, congressman, was
born Dec. 10, 1810, in Scipio, N. Y. He re
moved to Indiana; and was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1853 to 1855. He died Jan. 28, 1872, in
Indianapolis, Ind.
EDDY, RICHARD, clergyman, author,
was born June 21, 1828, in Providence,
R. I. He is a universalist clergyman of
Melrose, Mass.; and the author of Univer-
salism in America; History of the Six
tieth New York Regiment; and The Mar
tyr to Liberty.
EDDY, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 31, 1769, in
Providence, R. I. in 1798 he was chosen
secretary of state and held the office for
twenty-one years, when he resigned. He
was elected a representative in congress
from his native state from 1819 to 1825;
and was subsequently chief justice of the
supreme court of Rhode Island for eight
years. He died Feb. 2, 1839, in Providence,
R. I.
EDDY, THOMAS, philanthropist, au
thor, was born Sept. 5, 1758, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a philanthropist whose
efforts were chiefly in the direction of
prison reform, and was the author of
The State Prisons of New York. He died
Sept. 16, 1827, in New York city.
EDDY, THOMAS MEARS, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 7, 1823, in New-
town, Ohio. He was a methodist minis
ter of Chicago, who published Patriotism
of Illinois, a history of that state during
the civil war. He died Oct. 7, 1874, in
New York city.
EDDY, ZACHARY, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 19, 1815, in Stockbridge, Vt.
He was a presbyterian minister of Augus
ta, Ga.; and the author of Immanuel, or
the Life of Christ; Hymns of the Church;
and Songs of the Church. He died in 1891.
EDEN, CHARLES, governor, was born
in 1674. He was governor of North Caro
lina from 1713 to 1722. He died March
26, 1722, in North Carolina.
EDEN, JOHN R., lawyer, congressman,
was born Feb. 1, 1826. in Bath county,
Ky. In 1856 he was appointed state at
torney for the seventh district, which of
fice he held four years. In 1862 he was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the thirty-eighth congress; and was elect
ed to the forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-
fifth and forty-ninth congresses as a dem
ocrat.
EDEN, ROBERT, governor, was born in
England. In 1768 he became governor of
Maryland; advised the repeal of the tax
on tea; and when the colonel of militia
demanded the arms and ammunition, he
readily gave them up. He died Sept. 2,
1786, in Annapolis, Md.
EDES, BENJAMIN, journalist, was
born Oct. 14, 1732, in Charlestown, Mass.
In 1755 he was the editor and proprietor
of the Boston Gazette and Country Jour
nal, a patriotic newspaper that exerted a
powerful influence before the revolution
and during that struggle. He was one of
the Sons of Liberty. In his house the pat
riots comprising the Boston tea party as
sembled on the afternoon of Dec. 16, 1773,
and drank punch from a bowl that was
subsequently given by Mr. Edes's family
to the Massachusetts Historical society,
afterward disguising themselves as In
dians in the Gazette office. During the
siege of Boston, Mr. Edes escaped to Wat-
ertown, where he continued the publica
tion of the Gazette. After forty-three
years of editorship he discontinued it in
1798. He died Dec. 11, 1803, in Boston,
Mass.
EDES, HENRY HERBERT, genealogist
and historian, was born March 29, 1849,
in Charlestown, Mass. Since 1892 he has
been director and treasurer of the Con
veyancers' Title Insurance company of
Boston, Mass. He was the founder of
the Colonial society of Massachusetts. He
is the author of a Genealogy of the Edes
Family; Charlestown Historic Points; and
Memorial of Josiah Barker.
EDES, RICHARD SULLIVAN, clergy
man, author, was born April 24, 1810, in
Providence, R. I. He published a memoir
of Peter Edes in the New England His
torical and Genealogical Register; Jour
nal and Letters relative to Two Journeys
to the Ohio Country in 1788 and 1789 made
by Col. John May, with a biographical
sketch, and assisted in the preparation of
A Genealogy of the Descendants of John
May. He died Aug. 26, 1877, in Boston,
Mass.
EDES, ROBERT THAXTER, physician,
author, was born Sept. 23, 1838, in East-
port, Maine. He is a physician of Wash
ington; and the author of Nature and
Time in the Cure of Diseases; Physiology
and Pathology of the Sympathetic or
Ganglionic Nervous System; Therapeuti
cal Handbook of United States Pharma
copoeia; and Text-Book of Therapeutics
and Materia Medica.
EDGAR, CORNELIUS HENRY, clergy-
gan, author, was born April 11, 1811, in
Rahway, N. J. He was a Dutch reformed
clergyman of Easton, Pa.; and the author
of Lectures on Slavery; Discourses on the
Death of Lincoln; Curse of Canaan Right
ly Interpreted; and Exposition of the
Nine Last Wars (1867). He died Dec. 23,
1884, in Easton, Pa.
EDGAR, JOHN TODD, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 13, 1792, in Sussex
county. Del. He became pastor of the
First Presbyterian church in Nashville,
Tenn., in 1833, and remained there till his
death. At one time he edited the Ameri
can Presbyterian, published at Nashville.
He died Nov. 13, 1860, in Nashville, Tenn.
EDGECOMB, WILLARD W., diplomat.
He was a citizen of Maine, and while hold
ing the position of consul at Cape Town,
Africa, was empowered to negotiate a
treaty of friendship and commerce with
the Orange Free State, in 1871.
EDGERTON, A. J., soldier, jurist, Unit
ed States senator, was born June 7, 1827,
in Rome, N. Y. He graduated from the
Wesleyan university
of Ohio. During the
civil war he served
nearly five years in
the union army; and
was promoted to col-
•-Jm „ onel and brevetted
brigadier-general of
the United States
volunteers. He was
senator from Minne
sota in 1881; chief
justice of Dakota;
president of the con
stitutional convention, which adopted the
constitution of South Dakota; was United
States district judge of South Dakota;
and became chief justice. He died in 1896.
EDGERTON, ALFRED P.. journalist,
statesman, was born Jan. 11. 1813, in
Plattsburgh, N. Y. In 1845 he was elected
to the state senate of Ohio; and in 1848
was a delegate at large to the democratic
national convention. In 1850 he was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-second congress; and in 1852 was
re-elected to the thirty-third congress. In
1885 he was appointed United States civil
service commissioner, and became the
president of the commission.
EDGERTON,. JAMES ARTHUR, jour
nalist, poet, was born Jan. 30, 1869, in
Plantsville, Ohio. For several years he
was managing edi
tor of the Evening
Herald of Kalama-
zoo, Mich.; then be
came connected with
The Register of Mar
ietta; and subse
quently moved to
Lincoln, Neb., where
he is the editor and
owner of the Ne
braska Independent.
He is prominent in
political affairs; has
been chairman of the people's party state
committee of Nebraska; and secretary of
the people's party national committee. He
is the author of two volumes of poems,
and has contributed extensively to the
periodical press, principally on reform
matters.
EDGERTON, JESSE, business man,
poet, was born July 12, 1845, in Barnes-
ville, Ohio. He is the secretary of the
Columbiana Handle company of Columbi-
ana, Ohio; and is the author of a number
of poems.
EDGERTON, JOSEPH KETCHUM, law
yer, railroad president, congressman, was
born Feb. 16, 1818, in Vorgennes, Vt. In
1855 he was president of the Fort Wayne
and Chicago Railroad company, and sub
sequently financial agent of the same
when consolidated with the Pittsburg
road. In 1862 he was elected a represen
tative from Indiana to the thirty-eighth
congress.
330
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
EDGERTON, SIDNEY, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, governor, was born in 1818
in Cazenovia, N. Y. He was a prosecut
ing attorney for four years in Summit
county. He was elected a representative
from Ohio to the thirty-sixth congress,
and re-elected to the thirty-seventh con
gress. He was appointed a judge for the
territory of Idaho, and subsequently gov
ernor of Montana.
EDGREN, AUGUST HJALMAR, sol
dier, educator, author, was born Oct. 18,
1840, in Sweden. He is a Swedish scholar
who came to the United States in 1862,
and served for a time in the federal army,
and afterwards in the Swedish army.
Since 1884 he has been professor of lan
guages in the university of Nebraska. He
is the author of Complete Sanskrit Gram
mar; German and English Dictionary
(with William D. Whitney); The Liter
ature of America (in Swedish) ; Public
Schools and Colleges of the United States;
Swedish Literature in America; and
American Antiquities.
EDHOLM, MARY G. CHARLTON, jour
nalist, evangelist, author, was born Oct.
28, 18*4, in Freeport, 111. For several
years she was a re
porter on the Oak
land and San Fran
cisco papers. She
had previously trav
eled extensively and
done special work
for the papers of
eastern cities; and
also for a number of
magazines. For years
she was the press su
perintendent of the
World's Woman's
Christian Temperance union, and is now
superintendent of the Florence Critten-
ten missions, and author of Traffic in
Girls, and Florence Crittenten Missions.
She has lectured extensively on Social
Purity; is a most zealous and enthusi
astic worker, and has dedicated her life to
the great cause.
EDICK, SAMUEL STEARNS, lawyer,
jurist, was born June 17, 1834, in Colum
bia, N. Y. In 1855 he was admitted to
the bar, and in 1864 moved to Coopers-
town, N. Y. The following year he was
elected district attorney of Otsego county,
and received the re-election in 1868. In
1871 he was elected county judge, served
a term of six years, and refused the re-
nomination.
EDIE, JOHN R., congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was elected a rep
resentative to the thirty-fourth and thir
ty-fifth congresses from that state.
EDISON, THOMAS ALVA, inventor,
was born Feb. 11, 1847, in Erie county,
Ohio. He started life as a train boy at
the age of twelve. While on the train he
published a weekly paper, which was the
first paper ever published on a train. One
day he grabbed the station-master's child
from in front of an approaching train.
The station-master was so pleased that
he taught young Edison how to tele
graph. He then became a telegraph
operator, and invented a system by which
he could send two or more messages over
the same wire at the same time. His
principal inventions are the telephone,
phonograph and electric light. He is
now perfecting a system of taking iron
out of solid rock by electricity.
EDMANDS, J. WILEY, congressman,
was born in Massachusetts. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1853 to 1855.
EDMOND, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Sept. 28,
1755, in South Britain, Conn. He was
chosen a member of the legislature; mem
ber of the council; and judge of the su
preme court of that state. He was a
member of congress from Connecticut
from 1798 to 1801. He died Aug. 1, 1838,
in Newton, Conn.
EDMONDS, ELIAS, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born Feb. 1, 1833, in Lan
caster county, Pa. He was a lieutenant
in the fortieth Virginia regiment, army of
northern Virginia: and served as a mem
ber of the Virginia state legislature in
1864-65.
EDMONDS, EVERETT E., farmer, edu
cator, legislator, was born Jan. 23, 1848.
in Kansas. At the age of twenty-six
years he was elected to the Washington
state legislature. He has taught school
for many years, and is a farmer.
EDMONDS, JOHN CARTER, lawyer,
was born Nov. 30, 1848, in Fauquier coun
ty, Va. In 1870 he graduated from the
Virginia Military institute. He served in
the confederate service with Mosby's army
as a private, and was wounded at Drains-
ville, Va., in February. 1864. The ball
lodged in the thigh bone, and was not ex
tracted until 1895. In 1874 he moved to
Texas, where he has attained success as
a lawyer at Sherman, Texas. He has been
chairman of the faculty of Austin college;
and has served his city as mayor for two
terms.
EDMONDS, JOHN WORTH, lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, author, was born March
13, 1799, in Hudson, N. Y. He was a
member of the legislature in 1831; and
of the senate from 1832 to 1836. He was
circuit judge from 1845 to 1847;
judge of the superior court from 1847 to
1852; and a member of the court of ap
peals in 1852 and 1853. He became an ad
vocate of Spiritualism in 1853 and pub
lished Spiritualism; Reports of Select Law
Cases; and Letters and Tracts on Spirit
ualism. He died April 5, 1874, in New
York city.
EDMONDSON, HENRY A., congress
man, was born in Virginia. He was
elected a representative in congress from
that state in 1849; and was re-elected to
each successh e congress down to the
thirty-sixth congress.
EDMUNDS, G., jurist. He moved to
Utah, and was appointed an associate
judge of the United States court for that
territory.
EDMUNDS, GEORGE F., lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Feb. 1, 1828, in Richmond, Vt. He
was a member of the
state legislature of
Vermont in 1854-59,
serving three years
as speaker; and was
a member of the
state senate, and its
presiding officer pro
tempore in 1861-62.
He was appointed to
the United States
senate as a republic
an to fill a vacancy
in 1866, and has
since been successively re-elected four
times. He was a member of the elec
toral commission of 1876. He was the au
thor of the two acts passed by congress
in 1882 and 1887 which effected the de
struction of the polygamous system in
Utah. His term of service in the senate
would have expired March 3, 1893, but he
resigned his office of senator on Nov. 1,
1891, and retired to private life.
EDMUNDS, JAMES M., statesman, was
born Aug. 23, 1810, in Niagara county,
N. Y. In 1839 he was elected to the state
senate; and in 1846 to the lower house.
From 1857 to 1861 he was comptroller of
Detroit, which office he resigned to be
come the commissioner of the general
land office in Washington. In 1869 he be
came postmaster of Washington city;
from 1855 to 1861 was chairman of the re
publican state central committee of Mich
igan: and president of the Michigan Sol
diers' Relief association in Washington
city, from its first organization in 1861.
EDMUNDS, NEWTON, governor, was
born in New York. He was an early emi
grant to Dakota; and in 1863 was ap
pointed governor of that territory, resid
ing in Yankton, and serving in that office
until 1866.
EDMUNDS, PAUL CARRINGTON, law
yer, farmer, congressman, was born Nov.
1. 1836, in Halifax county, Va. He was
elected to the senate of Virginia in 1881,
and served four years; and was re-elect
ed in 1884. He was a delegate from the
sixth district to the democratic national
convention at Chicago in 1884; and was
elected to the fifty-first and fifty-second
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
EDMUNDSON, JAMES DEPEW, ban
ker, was born Nov. 23, 1838, in Des Moines
county, Iowa. He is president of the
Citizens' State bank, and is also connect
ed with the State Savings bank, the Sioux
Valley bank of Correctionville, Iowa; and
the Bankers' National bank of Chicago;
and the Pioneer Implement company of
Council Bluffs, Iowa.
EDSALL, JOSEPH E., congressman,
was born in Sussex county, N. J. He was
elected a representative in congress from
that state from 1837 to 1839; and was a
member of the state legislature, and of
the convention which framed the last
state constitution.
EDSEN, EDWARD P., lawyer, author,
was born in Germany. In 1889 the firm
of Thompson, Edsen and Humphries was
established, which is now one of the lead
ing law firms of the Pacific coast. He has
made numerous creditable contributions
to periodical literature in both prose and
verse.
EDSON, CYRUS, physician, author,
was born in Albany, N. Y. In 1882 he was
appointed on the medical staff of the
health department of the city of New
York as assistant sanitary inspector,
and promoted through all the different
grades to his present position as chief
inspector. He is the author of Poisons
in Food and Drink; Disinfection; and De:
fenses against Contagious Diseases.
EDSON, FRANKLIN, merchant, was
born April 5, 1832, in Chester, Vt. He
has been three times president of the
Produce exchange, in 1873, 1874 and 1878.
His political affiliations have been with
the county democracy, and in 1882 he was
elected mayor of New York city.
EDWARD, MANIGAULT GABRIEL,
zoologist, geologist, was born Jan. 7, 1833.
in Charleston, S. C. He is professor of
zoology and geology, and curator of
museum, college of Charleston, S. C.; and
also president of the Carolina Art associa
tion.
EDWARDS, ALBERT G., soldier, mer
chant, was born Oct. 15, 1812, in Lexing
ton, Ky. In 1862 he was appointed com
mander of the St. Louis division of state
guards; and for some time had command
of the troops of St. Louis, Mo. He has
been bank commissioner of Missouri; and
sub-treasurer of the United States at St.
Louis. He died in 1892.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP" AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
331
EDWARDS, BELA BATES, clergyman,
author, was born July 4, 1802, in South
ampton, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman, professor in Andover Theolog
ical seminary, and editor of the Biblio-
theca Sacra. He published an Eclectic
Reader; Biography of Self-made Men;
and Memoirs of E. Cornelius. He died
April 20, 1852, in Athens, Ga.
EDWARDS, BENJAMIN, farmer, mer
chant, congressman, was born in 1752 in
Stafford county, Va. He was a member
of the Maryland legislature; also of the
state convention which ratified the fed
eral constitution; and was a member of
congress from Maryland from 1794 to 1795
to fill a vacancy. He died Nov. 13, 1826,
in Todd county, Va.
EDWARDS, BENJAMIN STEVENSON,
lawyer, state legislator, jurist, was born
June 3, 1818, in Edwardsville, 111. In 1869
he was elected circuit judge of Sanga-
mon county, 111., but resigned after eigh
teen months' service, preferring the ac
tive practice of his profession. He died
Feb. 5, 1886, in Springfield, 111.
EDWARDS, CHARLES, lawyer, author,
was born March 17, 1797, in England. He
was. a New York lawyer who was coun
sel to the British consulate. He was the
author of The Juryman's Guide; Parties
to Bills and Other Pleadings; Feathers
from My Own Wings; Receivers in Chan
cery; Reports of Chancery Cases; Receiv
ers in Equity; Referees; History and
Poetry of Finger Rings; and Pleasantries
about Courts and Lawyers. He died May
30, 1868, in New York city.
EDWARDS, CHARLES, journalist, was
born July 6, 1846, in Springfield. 111. In
1863 he filled a position in the commissary
department of the United States army.
After the war he was an instructor in
Bryant and Stratton's Commercial college
in Springfield for a short time. He was
connected with the Illinois State Jour
nal, and at one time was one of the pro
prietors of the Illinois State Register.
EDWARDS, CHARLES JEROME, un
derwriter, was born May .8, 1866, in Wayne
county, N. Y. In 1888 he became metro
politan manager of the Equitable Life
Assurance society.
EDWARDS, CLARENCE J., physician,
journalist, legislator, was born Oct. 3,
1858, in Springfield, Ark. He is principal
ly known as the editor and owner of The
Meridional of Abbeville, La., although he
has attained prominence as a physician;
and has been a representative of the
Louisiana state legislature.
EDWARDS, EDGAR S., farmer, stock
man, was born March 4, 1839, in Buffalo,
N. Y. For four years he was engaged In
mining in Colorado; and four years at the
same business in Montana. He moved to
Idaho in 1867, where he has attained
success in mining, farming and stock-
raising.
EDWARDS, EMORY, naval engineer,
author, was born in 1841 in Virginia. He
is a naval engineer who served in the
United States navy as assistant engineer
in 1864-68. He is the author of A Cate
chism of the Marine Steam Engine; Mod
ern American Locomotive Engines; Mod
ern American Marine Engines, Boilers
and Screw Propellers; and The Practical
Steam Engineer's Guide.
EDWARDS, FRANCIS S., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born May 28, 1818,
in Norwich, Conn. Removing to New
York he was appointed a master in chan
cery in 1841 for the county of Chenango;
in 1851 was elected surrogate of Chautau-
qua county; and in 1854 was elected to
the thirty-fourth congress from New
York.
EDWARDS, GEORGE WHARTON, ar
tist, author, was born in 1860 in Connecti
cut. He is an artist and writer of short
stories living at
Plainfield, New Jer
sey. His works are
P'tit Matinic', and
Other Monotones;
Thumb-Nail Sketch-
)'£• I es; The Rivalries of
I Long and Short Co-
I diac; and Break o'
I Day and Other Stor-
I ies. In art he has
<f __^^| \ treated principally
Holland subjects;
and has received nu
merous medals and diplomas.
EDWARDS, HARRY STILLWELL,
journalist, author, was born in 1854 in
Georgia. He is a journalist of Macon,
Ga.; and the author of Two Runaways
and Other Stories; and Sons and Fathers.
EDWARDS, HAYDEN, merchant, law
yer, legislator, was born in 1710. He was
several times in the legislature from
Stafford and Westmoreland counties, Va.
EDWARDS, HENRY PIERREPONT,
lawyer, jurist, was born in 1809. He was
a judge of the supreme court of New York
for over seven years, and sustained a high
reputation for independence and legal abil
ity. He died Feb. 24, 1855, in New York
city.
EDWARDS, HENRY W., lawyer, con
gressman, governor, United States sena
tor, was born in 1779 in New Haven, Conn.
He was a representative in congress from
1819 to 1823; and United States senator
from 1823 to 1827. He was a member of
the state senate in 1828 and 1829; speaker
of the Connecticut house of representa
tives in 1830; and governor in 1833, and
from 1835 to 1838. He died July 22, 1847,
in New Haven, Conn.
EDWARDS, JAMES THOMAS, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born in 1838,
in New Jersey. He is a methodist clergy
man and educator of Baltimore; and the
author of The Grass Family; The Voice
Tree; and The Silva of Chautauqua Lake.
EDWARDS, JOHN, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1837 to 1843.
EDWARDS, JOHN, congressman. Ho
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1839 to 1843. He died
fane 25, 1843, in Chester, Pa.
EDWARDS, JOHN, legislator, United
States senator. He was a member of the
Kentucky legislature from Fayette coun
ty in 1781, 1782, 1783 and 1785; and was a
commissioner who chose the seat of gov
ernment at Frankfort in 1785. He was
United States senator from Kentucky from
1792 to 1795. He died in 1837 in Bour
bon county, Ky.
EDWARDS, JOHN, legislator, United
States senator, was born in 1755 in Vir
ginia. He was a member of the state
convention of Virginia 'which ratified the
federal constitution, and was one of the
first two senators from Kentucky.
EDWARDS, JOHN, poet, was born
April 15, 1806, in Wales. He was a Welsh
poet who came to America in 1828, and
settled in central New York. He was
long prominent among Welsh residents
of the United States, and published two
volumes of verse, The .Crucifixion; and
The Omnipresence of God. He died Jan.
20, 1887, in Rome, N. Y.
EDWARDS, JOHN, lawyer, state legis
lator, was born Oct. 24, 1815, in Jefferson
county, Ky. He was a member of the leg
islature of Indiana from 1845 to 1849, and
filled numerous other offices of honor.
EDWARDS, JOHN C., congressman,
governor. He was a representative in
congress from Missouri from 1841 to 1843;
and governor of that state from 1844 to
1848.
EDWARDS, JOHN ELLIS, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 1, 1814, in Guilford
county, N. C. He is a metModist clergy
man of Richmond, Va., and the au
thor of Life of John Wesley Childs; Ran
dom Sketches and Notes of European
Travel; The Confederate Soldier; and
Log Meeting-House.
EDWARDS, JONATHAN, theologian,
author, was born Oct. 5, 1703, in East
Windsor, Conn. From 1751 to 1758 he
served as missionary to the Stockbridge
Indians, and the last month of his life
was president of the college of New Jer
sey, now Princeton university. His chief
work is the celebrated Inquiry into the
Freedom of the Will, a masterpiece of
acute, precise, and original thinking. His
other works include Notes on the Mind
and Natural Science; The Religious Af
fections; Distinguishing Marks of a Work
of the Spirit; Nature of True Virtue;
God's Last End in the Creation; Treatise
on Grace; Doctrine of Original Sin De
fended; Inquiry into the Qualifications
for Communion; Thoughts for the Revival
of Religion; History of the Redemption;
and Life of David Brainerd. He died
March 22, 1758, in Princeton, N. J.
EDWARDS, JONATHAN, clergyman,
author, was born May 26, 1745, in North
ampton, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman of great ability who was presi
dent of Union college. He was the author
of Treatise on Liberty and Necessity;
and Discourses on the Atonement. He
died Aug. 1, 1801, in Schenectady, N. Y.
EDWARDS, JONATHAN, lawyer, jur
ist, legislator, was born Sept. 7, 1798, in
Hartford, Conn. He practiced for many
years in Hartford, where he held the of
fice of judge of probate. About 1840 he
removed to Troy, N. Y., of which city he
was subsequently chosen mayor. He was
also several times elected to the state
legislature. He died Aug. 23, 1875, in New
Haven, Conn.
EDWARDS, JONATHAN, clergyman,
college president, was born July 19, 1817,
in Cincinnati, Ohio. He has filled pas
torates in the presbyterian churches in
Ohio, Kentucky, New Jersey and Mary
land; and from 1855-57 was president of
Hanover college. He died July 13, 1891,
in Peoria, 111.
EDWARDS, JULIAN, composer, was
born Dec. 17, 1855, in England. He is the
author of Brian Boru, which created a
sensation on its production at the Broad
way theater on Oct. 19, 1896, and estab
lished his fame as one of America's fore
most composers of light opera. He has
written many songs, notably a collection
entitled Sunlight and Shadow.
EDWARDS, JUSTIN, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 25, 1787, in West-
hampton, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman, prominent in the temperance
movement. Beside a Sabbath Manual; and
Temperance Manual, he published a great
number of tracts. He died July 23, 1853,
in Bath Alum, Va.
EDWARDS, MORGAN, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 6, 1722, in Wales.
He was one of the founders of Brown
university; and the author of Materials
Toward a History of the Baptists in Penn
sylvania; and Materials Toward a His
tory of the Baptists in New Jersey. He
died Jan. 28, 1795, in Pencador, Del.
332
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
EDWARDS, NINIAN, lawyer, jurist,
governor, United States senator, was born
in March, 1775, in Montgomery county,
Md. Removing to Kentucky, he was
twice elected to the legislature; was ap
pointed a circuit clerk, and subsequently
judge of the general court of Kentucky,
of the circuit court, of the court of ap
peals, and finally, chief justice of the
state, all before reaching the thirty-second
year of his age. In 1809 President Madi
son appointed him governor of the terri
tory of Illinois, to which office he was
three times reappointed. When Illinois
became a state he was elected a senator
in congress, serving from 1818 to 1824. In
1826 was elected governor of the state of
Illinois, which office he filled until 1831.
He died of cholera July 20, 1833, in Belle
ville, 111.
EDWARDS. NINIAN W., lawyer, legis
lator, was born April 15, 1809, near Frank
fort, Ky. In 1834 he was appointed at
torney-general of Illinois. In 1836 he was
elected a representative in the legislature,
and he served in the legislature, either in
the senate of the house, from 1836 to 1852.
In 1854 he received the appointment of
state superintendent of public instruction
and was the first incumbent of that office.
During 1862-65 he was United States
commissary with the rank of major. He
wrote a History of Illinois and Ninian
Edwards. He died Sept. 2, 1889.
EDWARDS, OGDEN. lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born in 1781, in Connecticut.
He was a member of the legislature, and
in 1821 sat in the convention called to re
vise the constitution of the state. He
was appointed circuit judge of the su
preme court, and continued in that office
until 1841. He died April 1, 1862, on
Staten Island, N. Y.
EDWARDS, OLIVER, soldier, was born
Jan. 30, 1835, in Springfield, Mass. In
1864 he was brevetted brigadier-general
for gallant and distinguished services;
and was made major-general the year fol
lowing.
EDWARDS, PIERREPONT, soldier, law
yer, legislator, congressman, was born
April 8, 1750, in Northampton, Mass. He
was frequently elected to the Connecticut
legislature; and was administrator of the
estate of Benedict Arnold at the time of
his treason. He was a delegate from Con
necticut to the continental congress in
1787 and 1788; and subsequently filled the
office of United States judge for the state
of Connecticut, which he held at the time
of his death. He died April 5, 1826, in
Bridgeport, Ky.
EDWARDS, SAMUEL, congressman,
was born in Delaware county, Pa. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1819 to 1827.
EDWARDS, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
was born April 24, 1839, in Glenville, N.
Y. He attained prominence as an able
lawyer, and became justice of the supreme
court of the state of New York.
EDWARDS, SANFORD, surgeon, was
born in 1742. He served with distinction
as surgeon-general in General Marion's
army. He died in 1815.
EDWARDS, THOMAS M., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in
Cheshire county, N. H. He served eight
years in the New Hampshire legislature
between the years 1834 and 1856; and was
a presidential elector in 1856. In 1859 he
was elected a representative from New
Hampshire to the thirty-sixth congress;
and was re-elected to the thirty-seventh
congress. He was a delegate to the Phila
delphia loyalists' convention of 1866.
EDWARDS, TIMOTHY, merchant,
judge, was born July 25, 1738, in North
ampton, Mass. He removed to Stockbridge
about 1770, where he was a leading citi
zen for forty-three years, and sat as judge
of probate for Berkshire county.
EDWARDS. TOM O., congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was elected a rep
resentative in congress from Ohio from
1847 to 1849. He died in February. 1876,
in Wheeling, W. Va.
EDWARDS, TRYON, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 7, 1809. in Hartford,
Conn. He was a congregational clergy
man who edited the Works of Joseph
Bellamy, with Memoir; the works of his
grandfather, Jonathan Edwards; and pub
lished, among other works, Christianity
a Philosophy of Principles; Self-Culti
vation;- Light for the Day; Wonders of
the Word; and Anecdotes for the Family.
He died in 1894.
EDWARDS, WAKEMAN W., lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born Sept. 13, 1826,
in Charlton, N. Y. He attended the pub
lic schools of his native village and pre
pared for college at the Schenectady ly-
ceum. In 1850 he graduated from the
Union college with honors, being third in
his class. In 1851 he moved south, and
taught a classical school in Camden,
Miss. In 1855 he was admitted to the
bar, and moved to Arkansas, where he
practiced until the civil war; and in 1858
was a representative in the Arkansas state
legislature. In 1865 he moved to Louis
iana; practiced law first in New Orleans,
and then at Abbeville. He has been judge
of the twenty-fifth judicial court of Louis
iana, and has had the management of all
the public schools of the county under his
charge.
EDWARDS, WELDON NATHANIEL,
lawyer, congressman, was born in 1788, in
Warren county, N. C. He was in the
legislature for two years; was a member
of congress from North Carolina from
1816 to 1827; and again went into the
legislature, serving there from 1833 to
1844. He was again elected in 1850; was
made president of the state senate; and
was president of the state convention in
1861. He died Dec. 18, 1873, in Warren,
N. C.
EDWARDS, WILLIAM, inventor, was
born Nov. 11, 1770, in Elizabethtown, N.
J. To him belongs the honor of the suc
cess in the United States of the manufac
ture of leather, both by his method and
the improved machinery. His first tan
nery was built at Northampton, Mass. He
died Dec. 1, 1851, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
EDWARDS, WILLIAM EMORY, clergy
man, author, was born June 10, 1842, in
Prince Edward county, Va. He is a meth-
odist clergyman of Virginia who is the
author of John Newson, a Tale of Col
lege Life.
EDWARDS, WILLIAM H., soldier, law
yer, was born Nov. 30, 1841, in Lawrence
county, Ind. He enlisted as a private in
the sixty-seventh regiment Indiana vol
unteers. In 1872 he was elected to repre
sent Lawrence county in the Indiana leg
islature, and served during the regular
and special sessions.
EDWARDS, WILLIAM HENRY, natu
ralist, author, was born in 1822, in New
York. He is a naturalist of Coalburgh,
W. Va.; and the author of The Butter
flies of North America; and Voyage up
the Amazon.
EDWARDS, WILLIAM P., congressman,
was born in Georgia. He was elected a
representative from that state to the for
tieth congress.
EDWARDS, WYNN, farmer, soldier,
legislator, was born Nov. 9, 1842, in Den
bighshire, North Wales. He received his
education in Wales,
and subsequently
took a business,
course in Bryant
and Stratton's col
lege of Chicago, 111.
H e emigrated t o
America in 1859, ami
has since lived at
Rosendale, Wis. He
is a successful farm
er; has taken an
active interest in the
tramp problem, and
through his influence a tramp workhouse
has been erected in Fond du Lac. During
the war he served in company F, twenty-
first regiment Wisconsin volunteer infan
try; was with General Sherman all
through the Atlanta campaign, until
wounded by a gun-shot on Aug. 7, 1864.
He again joined the regiment at Savan
nah, and marched through the Carolines.
He was treasurer of his town for seven
years; was postmaster during President
Harrison's administration; is now serv
ing his seventh year as chairman of his
town; and in 1896 was elected a member
of the Wisconsin state assembly.
EDWIN, DAVID, engraver, was born in
December, 1776, in England. He was em
ployed by Edward Savage, the painter,
and soon became the most eminent artist
of the time. He died Feb. 22, 1841, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
EELLS, DANIEL PARMELEE, banker,
was born April 16, 1825, in Westmoreland,
N. Y. He graduated from the Hamilton
college in 1848. He
is prominent in the
business and public
affairs of Cleveland,
Ohio, where he has
been president of the
Commercial National
bank since 1868; and
his connection with
this institution cov
ers a period of half
a century. He was
one of the projectors
of the Ohio Central
railroad, and its first president. He was
prominent in the construction of the St.
Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern railway;
the New York, Chicago and St. Louis rail
way; the Detroit, Mackinac and Marquette
railroad; and the East Tennessee, Vir
ginia and Georgia railroad. In connection
with others, he has built and consolidated
railroads, along whose lines villages
sprang up, manufactories were started,
and the whole country benefited.
EELLS, JAMES, clergyman, was born
Aug. 27, 1822, in Westmoreland, N. Y.
He attained success as a clergyman of the
Presbyterian church; and filled pastor
ates in Penn Yan, N. Y.; Cleveland, Ohio;
Brooklyn, N. Y.; San Francisco, and Oak
land, Cal. He was professor of theology
in the San Francisco Theological semi
nary; and also in the Lane seminary of
Cincinnati; and in 1878 was president of
the general assembly at Chicago. He
died March 9, 1886, in Cleveland, Ohio.
EELLS, MYRON, clergyman, mission
ary, author, poet, was born Oct. 7, 1843,
in Walker's Prairie, Wash. Since 1875
he has been a missionary to the Indians
in the state of Washington. He has a
collection of geological, Indian, Chinese,
and other specimens of antiquity. He is
the author of several prose works and a
volume of poems.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
333
EELLS, SAMUEL, lawyer, was born in
1811, in Westmoreland, N. Y. He was a
successful lawyer and founded the Alpha
Delta Phi fraternity in 1832. He died
March 13, 1842, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
EFFNER, VALENTINE, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a member
of the assembly of that state in 1829; and
was a representative in congress from
1835 to 1837.
EFIRD, CYPRIAN M., lawyer, state
senator, was born Dec. 18, 1856, in Lex
ington, S. C. During 1892-96 he served
as state senator for Lexington county in
the South Carolina legislature. He is a
lawyer of prominence and has been re
porter for the state supreme court.
EGAN, MAURICE FRANCIS, journal
ist, author, poet, was born May 28, 1852.
in Philadelphia, Pa. He is a journalist
and is now professor at the Roman Cath
olic university of Notre Dame, Ind. His
prose writings include That Girl of Mine:
That Lover of Mine; A Garden of Roses;
Stories of Duty; The Life Around Us; The
Theater and Christian Parents; Modern
Novelists; Lectures on English Litera
ture; The Disappearance of Mr. Long-
worthy; A Primer of English Literature;
A Gentleman; A Marriage of Reason; The
Success of Patrick Desmond; and The
Flower of the Flock. In verse he has
published Preludes; and Songs and Son
nets, and Other Poems.
EGAN, MICHAEL, bishop, was born in
Ireland. He was appointed pastor of St.
Mary's church of Philadelphia; and in
1810 was consecrated bishop of the newly
created diocese of Philadelphia. He died
June 22, 1814, in Philadelphia, Pa.
EGAN, THOMAS W.. soldier, was born
in 1836, in New York city. In 1862 he
was promoted colonel, and participated in
all the battles of the army of the Potomac.
At the battle of Boydton plankroad he
commanded the division, and was bre-
vetted major-general. He died Feb. 24,
1887, in New York city.
EGAR, JOHN HODSON, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1832, in England. He
is an episcopal clergyman of Rome, N. Y.;
and the author of The Threefold Grace of
the Holy Trinity; and Christendom, Ec
clesiastical and Political.
EGBERT, A. G., physician, farmer, con
gressman, was born April 13, 1828, in
Mercer county, Pa. He was elected a rep
resentative from Pennsylvania to the for
ty-fourth congress.
EGBERT, JOSEPH, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1841 to 1843.
EGE, GEORGE, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania during the years 1796 and 1797
to fill a vacancy.
EGGLESTON, BENJAMIN, was born
Jan. 3, 1816, in Corinth, N. Y. He was
president of the Cincinnati city council;
and was for some years a member of the
state legislature. In 1864 he was electee!
a representative from Ohio to the thirty-
ninth congress; and was re-elected to the
fortieth congress. He was the author of
several novels.
EGGLESTON, EDWARD, author, was
born Dec. 10, 1837, in Vevay, Ind. He is
a novelist now living near Lake George,
N. Y., who, in the early part of his career,
was a methodist minister. His first im
portant work. The Hoosier Schoolmaster,
attracted widespread notice. Other fic
tion by him include The End of the
World; The Circuit Rider; Roxy; The
Graysons, a story of Illinois; The Faith
Doctor; The Hoosier Schoolboy; Queer
Stories for Boys and Girls; Schoolmasters'
Stories; Mr. Blake's Walking Stick;
Duffels. Still other works are Sunday-
school Manual; Counsel for Teachers:
School History of the United States;
Household History of the United States;
First Book in American History; Stories
of Great Americans; and The Beginners
of a Nation, the first volume in a History
of Life in the United States. With his
daughter, Mrs. Seelye, he has written Te-
curnseh and the Shawnee Prophet; Poca-
hontas; Brandt and Red Jacket; and
Montezuma.
EGGLESTON, GEORGE CARY, soldier,
journalist, author, was born Nov. 26, 1839,
in Vevay, Ind. He is a brother of Edward
Eggleston. During the civil war he
served in the confederate army, and after
wards filled several journalistic positions
in New York city, becoming editor of the
Commercial Advertiser in 1886. He is the
author of How to Educate Yourself; A
Man of Honor; A Rebel's Recollections;
How to Make a Living; How to Make
Money; The Big Brother, or a Story of
the Indian War; Captain Sam; Signal
Boys; The Wreck of the Red Bird;
Strange Stories from History for Young
People; Red Eagle; and Juggernaut: A
Veiled Record.
EGGLESTON, JOSEPH, soldier, con
gressman, was born Nov. 24, 1754, in
Amelia county, Va. He served in the
revolutionary war as a captain and major
of cavalry under Colonel Henry Lee; and
was in several of the battles fought by
Gates and Greene. He served in the Vir
ginia assembly for several years; was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1798 to 1801; and from the time of
his leaving congress until his death was
a justice of the peace. He died Feb 13,
1811.
EGLE, WILLIAM H., physician, state
librarian, historian, was born Sept. 17,
1830, in Harrisburg, Pa. For three years
he served in the civil war; and since 1870
has been surgeon in the national guard
of Pennsylvania. In 1887 he was ap
pointed state librarian of Pennsylvania.
He is the author of a History of Pennsyl
vania; History of Dauphin County; His
tory of Lebanon County; Historical Re
gister; Pennsylvania Genealogies, Scotch-
Irish and German; Pennsylvania in the
Revolution; Notes and Queries relative to
Interior Pennsylvania; and Pennsylvania
Archives in twelve volumes.
EGLESTON, AZARIAH, soldier, state
senator, jurist, was born Feb. 23, 1757,
in Sheffield, Mass. He served in the revo
lutionary war, and attained the rank of
major. In 1807-09 he was elected state
senator; and in 1808 he was appointed
associate justice of the court of sessions
He died Jan.. 12, 1822.
EGLESTON, THOMAS, mining engi
neer, author, was born Dec. 9, 1832, in
New York city. He is a metallurgist of
note; and has been professor of miner
alogy at Columbia college from 1864. He
is the author of Metallurgy of Silver; Cat
alogue of Minerals; Lectures on Mineral
ogy; and Life of John Patterson, Major-
General in the Army of the Revolution.
EHNINGER, JOHN WHETTON, artist,
was born July 22, 1827, in New York city.
The subject of his first painting, Peter
Stuyvesant (1850), was taken from Irv-
ing's Knickerbocker's History of New
York, and was engraved by the American
Art union. He died Jan. 22, 1889, in Sara
toga, N. Y.
EHRHARDT, JOHN ADAM, lawyer,
was born Dec. 6, 1848, in Germany. He
received his education at the Western
Union college and the Illinois Military
academy. He has gained distinction as
an able lawyer of Stanton, Neb., and has
been prosecuting attorney of his county.
In 1897 he was elected department com
mander of the Grand Army of the Repub
lic of Nebraska: and has also served as
grand master of Masons in Nebraska.
EICHELBERGER, ABDIEL W., rail
road president, was born Dec. 6, 1819, in
Hanover, Pa. He is president of the
Baltimore and Harrisburg railway; and is
also president of the Berlin Branch rail
road.
EICKHOFF, ANTHONY, journalist,
congressman, was born April 11, 1827, in
Westphalia, Germany. He had editorial
charge of newspapers at St. Louis,
Louisville, and finally at New York, where
he located permanently in 1852. In 1863
he was appointed commissary general of
subsistence of the state of New York;
and was subsequently elected a represen
tative in the New York legislature. He
was elected coroner of the city of New
York in 1873; and was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-
fifth congress.
EIDLITZ, CYRUS LAZELLE WARN
ER, architect, was born July 27, 1853, in
New York city. Among the buildings
that he has designed are the Michigan
Central railway station in Detroit; the
Dearborn station in Chicago; and the
Buffalo library.
EIDLITZ, LEOPOLD, architect, author,
was born March 29, 1823, in Prague, Bo
hemia. He was an architect of New York
city; and the author of The Nature and
Function of Art. He died in 1896.
EIGHMEY, CHARLES HENRY, law
yer, banker, was born Nov. 28, 1834, in
Saratoga, N. Y. He was educated at
Cornell college of Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Dur
ing 1861-71 he practiced law with success.
He has been vice-president, cashier, and
president of the First National bank of
Dubuque since 1871: and still is its hon
ored president. Mr. Eighmey has been
prominently identified with religious in
stitutions, and has been a member of the
Methodist Episcopal church of Dubuque,
Iowa, half a century. He is a trustee and
chairman of the building committee of the
new St. Luke's Methodist church of Du
buque, to the construction of which he
was a liberal donor.
EILAND, CHARLES LEVI, clergyman,
legislator, was born March 20, 1852, near
Troy, Ala. He is a successful clergyman
of the baptist church; served with dis
tinction as a member of the Alabama
state legislature in 1892-93, and again in
1895-96. For ten years he has been mod
erator of the New Providence association;
and now fills a pastorate in Brantley,
Ala.
EILERS, FREDERIC ANTON, metal
lurgist, was born Jan. 14, 1839, in Ger
many. He is considered one of the fore
most experts in the United States in his
branch of metallurgy.
EINSTEIN, EDWIN, merchant, con
gressman, was born Nov. 18, 1842, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio. He was elected a represen
tative from New York to the forty-sixth
congress.
EISEMAN, BENJAMIN, merchant, was
born Nov. 16, 1833, in Germany. In 1879
he moved to St. Louis, Mo., where he es
tablished a large dry goods house. He as
sisted in organizing several insurance
companies and the First National bank.
He was also for two years president of the
Chamber of Commerce of Memphis, Tenn.
334
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ELA, JACOB H., journalist, congress
man, was born July 18, 1820, in Rochester.
N. H. He established and edited the Her
ald of Freedom, and also participated in
establishing the Independent Democrat.
In 1857-58 he was a member of the state
, legislature, and fllled several other state
offices. In 1861 he was appointed United
States marshal for his state, holding the
office until 1866. He was elected a repre
sentative from New Hampshire to the
fortieth and forty-first congresses; and
in 1872 was appointed fifth auditor of the
United States treasury; and in 1881 was
appointed sixth auditor of the treasury.
ELAM, JOSEPH B., lawyer, congress
man, was born June 12, 1821, in Hemp-
stead county, Ark. He was admitted to
practice law in Alexandria, La., in 1843;
served two terms in the state legisla
ture; and in 1851 removed to De Sota
parish. In 1861 he was a delegate to the
state constitutional convention; again
served in the legislature during the civil
war; and was elected a representative
from Louisiana to the forty-fifth and for
ty-sixth congresses as a democrat.
ELBERT, SAMUEL, soldier, governor,
was born in 1743, in Prince William par
ish, S. C. He served in the revolutionary
war and attained the rank of brigadier-
general; and in 1785 was elected governor
of Georgia. He died Nov. 2, 1788, in Sa-
\annah, Ga.
ELBERT, SAMUEL HITT, state legis
lator, governor, was born April 3, 1833,
in Logan county, Ohio. In 1869 he was
elected to the Colorado legislature; and
in 1873 was elected governor of Colorado,
serving until 1874.
ELDER, CYRUS, public official, author,
poet, was born June 16, 1833, in Somerset,
Pa. He was a revenue commissioner of
Pennsylvania; and the author of Dream
of a Free-Trade Paradise; Man and La
bor; Short Studies; and May Gift, a vol
ume of poems.
ELDER, GEORGE A. M., priest, college
president, author, was born in 1794, in
Hardin's Creek, Ky. He was a Roman
catholic priest who founded the college
of St. Joseph at Bardstown, Ky., and was
its first president. He wrote Letters to
Brother Jonathan; and other works. He
died in 1838, in Bardstown, Ky.
ELDER, JOHN, clergyman, was born in
1706, in Ireland. He trained his parish
ioners for cavalry service against the In
dians, and afterward received a colonel's
commission from the proprietaries and
had charge of the block-houses from Eas-
ton to the Susquehanna. He died in 1792,
near Harrisburg, Pa.
ELDER, JOSEPH FREEMAN, educa
tor, clergyman, was born March 10, 1839.
In Portland, Maine. Since 1870 he has
been pastor of the Baptist church of the
Epiphany of New York city. In 1885 he
became president of the New York Bap
tist City mission.
ELDER, MRS. SUSAN BLANCHARD.
educator, author, was born about 1835, in
Fort Jessup, La. She has written ex
tensively for Roman catholic periodicals;
and is the author of The Loss of the
Papacy; James the Second; Savonarola;
and Ellen Fitzgerald, a southern tale.
ELDER, WILLIAM, physician, author,
was born July 23, 1806, in Somerset, Pa.
He was a Philadelphia physician, promi
nent as an abolitionist; and the author
of Periscopics, a volume of miscellanies;
The Enchanted Beauty; The Life of Dr.
Kane; The Debt and Resources of the
United States (1863); Questions of the
Day, Economic and Social; and Conver
sations on the Principal Subjects of Po
litical Economy. He died in 1885.
ELDER, WILLIAM HENRY, bishop,
was born March 22, 1819, in Baltimore,
Md. ' He was made a bishop in 1857, be
ginning his active duties in charge of the
see of Natchez. In 1880 he was nomi
nated coadjutor bishop of Cincinnati, and
in 1883 became archbishop.
ELDRED, NATHANIEL B., congress
man, was born in 1795, in Orange county,
N. Y. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1822 to
1828: was for a time canal commissioner
of Pennsylvania; and naval officer at
Philadelphia from 1852 to 1856. He died
Jan. 27, 1867, in Bethany, Pa.
ELDREDGE, BARNABAS, manufactur
er, was born June 19, 1843, in Munson,
Ohio. In 1879 the Eldredge Manufactur
ing company was organized, and he was
chosen its first president. In 1886 the
rompjtiiy was consolidated with the Na
tional Sewing Machine company, and the
two corporations removed from Chicago
to Belvidere, 111., where they built a large
plant for the manufacture of their ma
chines.
ELDREDGE, NATHANIEL B., physi
cian, lawyer, congressman, was born
March 28, 1813, in Auburn, N. Y. He was
a state senator of Michigan in 1848; and
judge of probate from 1852 to 1856. In
1861 he raised a company of volunteers
and joined the seventh Michigan infantry;
and became a lieutenant-colonel in 1862.
In 1865 he removed to Adrian, Mich., and
was elected mayor in 1870. In 1874 he
was elected sheriff of Lenawee county;
and was elected a representative from
Michigan to the forty-eighth congress;
and was re-elected to the forty-ninth con
gress as a democrat.
ELDRIDGE, CHARLES A., was born
Feb. 27, 1821, in Bridgeport, Vt. In 1848
he removed to Fond du Lac, Wis. In 1854
and 1855 he was a
member of the state
senate; and in 1862
was elected a repre
sentative from Wis
consin to the thirty-
eighth congress. He
was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth, fortieth,
forty-first, forty-
second and forty-
third congresses as a
democrat. He served
on several important
committees while a member of congress.
ELDRIDGE, EDWIN, capitalist, was
born in 1811. He became president of the
Elmira Iron and Steel company, and was
long connected with the Erie railroad. He
gave a public park to Elmira, and con
tributed materially to the progress of that
town. He died Dec. 16, 1876, in Elmira,
N. Y.
ELDRIDGE, EDWIN R., educator, lec
turer, college president, was born Aug. 31.
1843, in Burnettsville, Ind. He received
his education at the Indiana common
schools; Burnettsville seminary; Wash
ington college, Iowa; and subsequently
received the degree of doctor of laws from
the Drake university of Des Moines, Iowa.
He has always been prominently identified
with educational work; has been county
superintendent of schools; for fourteen
years was president of the Eastern Iowa
Normal school; and for nineteen years
was lecturer in normal institutes in con
nection with county superintendency and
normal school presidency. He is now pres
ident of the State Normal college of Troy,
Ala., which position he has filled since
1888.
ELIOT, ANDREW, clergyman, was born
Dec. 28, 1718, in Boston, Mass. In 1742
he was ordained pastor of the new North
church in Boston, where he remained un
til his death. He was a great student of
literature and science, and was influential
in the cause of American freedom. He
died Sept. 30, 1778, in Boston, Mass.
ELIOT, CHARLES, author, was born in
1791, in Boston, Mass. His first writings
appeared in the General Repository, a Bos
ton periodical, and he was specially in
terested in the preparation of Scheusner's
Lexicon. His Miscellaneous Writings were
edited by Andrews Anton. He died in
1813.
ELIOT, CHARLES WILLIAM, educator,
college president, was born March 20,
1834, in Boston, Mass. He was a distin
guished educator who has been president
of Harvard university since 1869. He is
the author of a Manual of Qualitative
Chemical Analysis; and Manual of In
organic Chemistry.
ELIOT, EPHRAIM, druggist, author.
He published Historical Notices of the
New North Religious Society, with Anec
dotes of Rev. Andrew Eliot and John
Eliot.
ELIOT, JARED, clergyman, scientist,
author, was born Nov. 7, 1685, in Guil-
ford, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman of Killingworth, Conn., in 1707-
63. He was awarded a medal by the Lon
don institute in 1756 for producing mal
leable iron from American black sand. He
was the author of Essays upon Field and
Husbandry, and many single sermons. He
died April 22, 1763, in Killingworth, Conn.
ELIOT, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born Aug. 5, 1604, in England. He was a
puritan minister of Roxbury who came to
America in 1631, and is famous in history
as the Indian apostle. He is chiefly re
membered for his famous translation of
the Bible into the Indian language, but
he was the author of other works, among
which are the Communion of Churches;
The Harmony of the Gospels; Dying
Speeches of Several Indians; The Indian
Primer; and Indian Logic Primer. He
died May 21, 1690, in Roxbury, Mass.
ELIOT, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born May 31, 1754, in Boston, Mass. He
was a clergyman of Boston, pastor of the
New North Congregational church in 1779-
1813, and author of the New England Bio
graphical Dictionary. He was also a mis
sionary to the Indians; and translated the
first Bible into the Indian dialect, which
translation was also the first Bible printed
in America. He died Feb. 14, 1813, in Bos
ton, Mass.
ELIOT, SAMUEL, educator, college
president, author, was born Dec. 22, 1821,
in Boston, Mass. During 1856-64 he filled
the chair of history and political science
in Trinity college of Hartford, Conn.;
was its president in 1860-64; and was a
lecturer on constitutional law during 1864-
74. For two years he was superintendent
of the Boston public schools. He is the
author of History of Liberty; Manual of
the United States History; and Life and
Times of Savonarola.
ELIOT, SAMUEL AITKINS, manufac
turer, congressman, author, was born
March 5, 1798, in Boston, Mass. He was
mayor of Boston from 1837 to 1839; and
a representative and senator in the legis
lature for three or four years. He was a
representative in congress from 1850 to
1851; and was also treasurer of Harvard
college for eleven years. He published
Observations on the Bible for the Use of
Young Persons; and Sketch of the His
tory of Harvard College. He died Jan. 29,
1862, in Cambridge, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
335
ELIOT, THOMAS DAWES, was born
March 20, 1808, in Boston, Mass. He
served in both houses of the Massachu
setts legislature; was a representative in
congress to fill a vacancy; and re-elected
to the thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth, thirty-ninth, and fortieth con
gresses as a republican. He died June 12,
1870, in New Bedford, Mass.
ELIOT, WILLIAM GREENLEAF, cler
gyman, author, was born Aug. 5, 1811,
in New Bedford, Mass. He was a unita-
rian clergyman of St. Louis, and chancel
lor of Washington university there in
1872-87. He was the author of Doctrines
of Christianity; Early Religious Educa
tion; Lectures to Young Men; Lectures
to Young Women; Discipline of Sorrow;
Manual of Prayer; The Unity of God; The
Story of Archer Alexander from Slavery
to Freedom; and Home Life and Influence.
He died Jan. 23, 1887, in Pass Christian,
Miss.
ELKINS, HENRY ARTHUR, artist,
was born May 30, 1847, in Vershire, Vt.
He removed to Chicago in 1856, taught
himself to paint, and achieved some suc
cess. Among his pictures are Mount Shas
ta; The Thirty-eighth Star; Storm at
Shasta; New Eldorado; and Crown of
the Continent. He died July 25, 1884, in
Georgetown, Col.
ELKINS, STEPHEN BENTON, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Sept. 26, 1841, in Perry
county, Ohio. He
was a member of the
territorial legislative
assembly of New
Mexico in 1864 and
1865. He held the
offices of territorial
district attorney, at
torney-general, and
United States district
attorney; was
elected to the forty-
third congress as a
republican, and while
abroad was renominated and elected to
the forty-fourth congress. After leaving
congress he removed to West Virginia and
devoted himself to business affairs; was
appointed secretary of war in 1891; and
in 1894 was elected to the United States
senate as a republican. His term of ser
vice will expire March 3, 1901.
ELKINS, WILLIAM LEWIS, astrono
mer, was born April 29, 1855, in New Or
leans, La. He has attained note as an
eminent astronomer.
ELKINS, WILLIAM LUKENS, finan
cier, was born May 2, 1832. He went to
Philadelphia and became one of the first
to engage in the refining of crude oil.
Several small refineries were purchased,
the Belmont Oil works were leased and
control of the entire local industry of oil
refining had soon been obtained by Mr.
Elkins.
ELLEDGE, WILLIAM MADISON,
clergyman, was born March 17, 1862, in
Perry, 111. In 1891 he graduated from the
Fremont Normal school, Nebraska; and
in 1896 from the Chicago Theological
seminary. For many years he taught
school ; has been editor of a newspaper,
and was at one time a candidate for the
Nebraska state legislature. He now fills
a pastorate in the Congregational church
at Overbrook, Kan.
ELLENBECKER, JOHN G., educator,
college president, poet, was born Jan. 29,
1869, in Hancock, Mich. When two years
of age his parents moved to Kansas,
where he was educated, and graduated
from the Marysville High school in 1888.
He taught school for awhile, and subse
quently graduated from the scientific class
of the Kansas Normal college, with the
degree of B. S.; subsequently receiving
the degree of B. A. He organized the
Modern Normal college of Marysville,
Kan., of which institution he is president.
Some of his poems appear in Poets of
America, and other standard works.
ELLERY, CHRISTOPHER, United
States senator, was born Nov. 1, 1768, in
Newport, R. I. He was a senator in con
gress from Rhode Island from 1801 to
1805; and in the latter year was ap
pointed United States commissioner of
loans. He was appointed collector of New
port in 1828. He died Dec. 2, 1840, in New
port, R. I.
ELLERY, FRANK, naval officer, was
born July 23, 1794, in Newport, R. I. He
commanded the steamer Enterprise in
1840, was put on the reserved list in 1855,
commanded the Boston rendezvous again
in 1861, and was commissioned commo
dore on the retired list in 1867.
ELLERY, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 22, 1727, in
Newport, R. I. He was a delegate to the
continental congress from 1776 to 1780,
and from 1783 to 1785. He was a signer
of the declaration of independence, and al
so of the articles of confederation. In
1786 he was appointed commissioner of
loans for Rhode Island; and was elected
chief justice of the state. In 1789 he was
appointed, by President Washington, col
lector of Newport, which office he held
until his death, which occurred Feb. 15,
1820, in Newport, R. I.
ELLET, ALFRED W., soldier, was born
in Penn Manor, Pa. He served during the
civil war; and for gallant and meritorious
services received the rank of brigadier-
general.
ELLET, CHARLES, soldier, civil engi
neer, author, was born Jan. 1, 1810, in
Penn's Manor, Pa. He was an engineer
of note who built the first wire suspen
sion bridge in America. He served during
the civil war as a colonel in the federal
army, and was killed in an engagement
on the Mississippi. He was the author of
Physical Geography of the Mississippi
Valley; Coast and Harbor Defences; and
The Mississippi and Ohio Rivers, with
Plans for Protecting the Delta from Inun
dation. He died June 21, 1862, in Cairo,
111.
ELLET, CHARLES RIVERS, soldier,
was born in 1843, in Georgetown, D. C.
He served during the civil war and at
tained the rank of colonel. He died Oct.
29, 1863, in Bunker Hill, 111.
ELLET, MRS. ELIZABETH FRIES
LUMMIS, author, poet, was born in 1818,
in Sodus Point, N. Y. She was the author
of Domestic History of the American Rev
olution; Women of the American Revolu
tion; Court Circles of the Republic;
Queens of American Society; Pioneer
Women of the West; Novelettes of the
Musicians; Rambles in the West; The
Practical Housekeeper; Family Pictures
from the Bible; Evenings at Woodlawn;
Poems, Original and Selected; Teresa
Contarini, a tragedy; Scenes in the Life
of Joanna of Sicily; The Characters of
Schiller; and Women Artists in All Ages.
She died June 3, 1877.
ELLET, MARY, patriot, was born June
17, 1779, in Philadelphia, Pa. She has
been termed the Cornelia of America.
She won the name by her heroic reply
to one who sympathized with her in the
loss of sons and grandsons during the
civil war.
ELLET, WILLIAM HENRY, chemist,
was born Nov. 1, 1806, in New York city.
For his discovery of a new and cheap
method of preparing gun-cotton the legis
lature of South Carolina presented him
with a vote of thanks and a pension. He
died Jan. 26, 1859, in New York city.
ELLETT, TAZEWELL, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 1, 1856, in Rich
mond, Va. He was presidential elector in
1888 on the democratic ticket; was a mem
ber of the state democratic committee of
fifty for about twelve years, and during a
part of the time acting as a member of
the executn e committee of ten. He was
elected to" the fifty-fourth congress as a
democrat.
ELLICOTT, ANDREW, civil engineer,
was born Jan. 24, 1754, in Bucks county,
Pa. In 1790 he was employed by the gen
eral government to survey and lay out
the city of Washington; and in 1792 was
appointed surveyor-general of the United
States. In 1812 he became a professor of
mathematics at West Point. He died Aug.
29, 1820. .
ELLICOTT, BENJAMIN, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1817 to 1819.
ELLICOTT, JOSEPH, civil engineer,
was born in Bucks county, Pa. In 1797 he
was employed by the Holland Land com
pany and three years later was appointed
its general agent, with a grant of six
thousand acres of land, and five per cent,
commissions on the sale of land. In 1803
he located the land office in Batavia, N.
Y. ; and the surveys of the Holland Land
company were all made in his name. He
died Aug. 19, 1826, in Batavia, N. Y.
ELLINGTON, CLARENCE H., farmer,
state senator, was born July 22, 1853, in
Elberton, Ga. He has been state senator
of the Georgia legislature; and for two
years was president of the Georgia State
Farmers' alliance.
ELLINWOOD, FRANK FIELDS,
clergyman, author. He was a presbyterian
clergyman, secretary of the Presbyterian
board of foreign missions; and the author
of The Great Conquest; and Oriental Re
ligions and Christianity. He died in 1826,
in New York.
ELLINWOOD, TRUMAN J., educator,
editor, was born June 11, 1831, in Smith-
field, N. Y. He has taught in district
schools and in the
Brooklyn Adelphi
academy and high
schools; in the Mar
tha's Vineyard Sum
mer institute, and in
the Ellinwood School
of Phonography, of
which he is proprie
tor. For thirty years
he was official re
porter of the Rev.
Henry Ward Beech-
er's Discourses; and
since 1887 Mr. Ellinwood has been trans
cribing his unpublished shorthand notes
of this great preacher's pulpit and other
utterances; and has caused to be issued
three volumes of the same entitled A
Book of Prayer; Bible Studies; and
Metaphors and Similes. He is the editor
and owner of The Students' Journal; and
has contributed extensively to periodical
literature.
ELLIOT, BENJAMIN, jurist, author,
was born in 1786, in Charleston, S. C.
He was a South Carolina jurist who pub
lished Refutation of Calumnies respect
ing the Institution and Existence of Slav
ery; and The Militia System of South
Carolina. He died in 1836.
336
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
ELLIOT, DANIEL GIRAUD, ornitholo
gist, author, was born in 18... He is an
ornithologist of Chicago, at one time
president of the American Ornithologists'
union, and is the author of Monograph of
the Pittidse or Family of the Ant Thrush
es; The New and Heretofore Unfigured
Species of the Birds of North America
(1869); The Life and Habits of Wild Ani
mals; Classification and Synopsis of the
Trochilidae; and North American Shore
Birds.
ELLIOT, GEORGE HENRY, military
engineer, author, was born March 31, 1831,
in Lowell, Mass. He is a military engi
neer in the service of the United States.
and the author of European Light-House
Systems; and The Presidio of San Fran
cisco.
ELLIOT, GEORGE THOMSON, phy
sician, author, was born May 11, 1827, in
New York city. In 1857 he was chosen
visiting physician of the Lying-in hospit
al in New York, and in 1861 was elected
to fill the chair of obstetrics and diseases
of women and children and of clinical
midwifery in the Bellevue hospital col
lege. His principal medical work is El
liot's Obstetric Clinic. He died Jan. 29,
1871, in New York city.
ELLIOT, HENRY RUTHERFORD, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1849. He
is a journalist of New York city; and the
author of The Basset Claim, a Story of
Life in Washington; and The Common
Chord, a Story of the Ninth Ward.
ELLIOT, JOHN, congressman. He was
a senator in congress from Georgia from
1819 to 1825, serving on several impor
tant committees. He died Aug. 9, 1827,
in Sunbury, Ga.
ELLIOT, SAMUEL HAYES, clergyman,
author, was born in 1809 in Vermont. He
was a congregational clergyman of New
Haven; and the author of Rolling Ridge,
or the Book of Four-and-Twenty Chap
ters; The Parish Side; Dreams and Reali
ties; New England's Chattels, or Life in
a Northern Poor-House; and The Attrac
tions of New Haven. He died in 1869.
ELLIOT, WILLIAM HORACE, geneal
ogist, was born in 1824 in New Haven,
Conn. He compiled a Genealogy of the
Eliot Family. He attained prominence as
a lawyer. He died Dec. 8, 1852, in St.
Croix, W. I.
ELLIOTT, ANNA, patriot of the revo
lution. American prisoners that were
brought into Charleston were aided and
relieved by her assiduous ministrations.
ELLIOTT, CHARLES, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1792 in Ireland. He was
a methodist clergyman, and at one period
was president of Iowa Wesleyan universi
ty. He was the author of Treatise on Bap
tism; Delineation of Roman Catholicism;
Life of Bishop Roberts; History of the
Great Secession from the Methodist Epis
copal Church; Political Romanism; Rem
iniscences of the Wyandotte Mission;
Southwestern Methodism; The Bible and
Slavery; and Slnfulness of American
Slavery. He died Jan. 6, 1869, in Mount
Pleasant, Iowa.
ELLIOTT. CHARLES, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born in 1815 in Scot
land. He was a presbyterian minister,
professor of Hebrew at Lafayette college,
Easton, Pa. He was the author of The
Sabbath; The Inspiration of the Holy
Scriptures; and Vindication of the Mosaic
Authorship of the Pentateuch.
ELLIOTT, CHARLES LORING. paint
er, was born in December. 1812, in Sci-
pio, N. Y. He was a successful portrait
painter of Albany, N. Y., where he died
Aug. 25, 1868.
ELLIOTT, CHARLES WYLLYS, au
thor, was born May 27, 1817, in Guilford,
Conn. He was a New York writer, at one
time a landscape gardener of note, and
the author of The Book of American In
teriors; Pottery and Porcelain; Remark
able Characters and Places in the Holy
Land; Cottages and Cottage Life; Myste
ries, or Glimpses of the Supernatural; St.
Domingo, its Revolution and its Hero,
Toussaint 1'Ouverture; New England His
tory, from its Discovery by the North
men; and Wind and Whirlwind, a novel.
He died in 1883.
ELLIOTT, EUGENE STANHOPE, law
yer, journalist, was born Aug. 13, 1842, in
Vermilion county, 111. In 1868 he pur
chased a half interest in the Milwaukee
Journal of Commerce, and in 1868 as
sumed the entire charge. In 1886 he was
nominated for the office of city attorney.
ELLIOTT, EZEKIEL BROWN, statis
tician, author, was born July 16, 1823, in
Sweden, N. Y. He was a government
statistician of note, and the author of
Unification of International Coinage. He
died in 1888.
ELLIOTT, FRANKLIN REUBEN, hor
ticulturist, author, was born April 27,
1817, in Guilford, Conn. He was a horti
culturist of Cleveland, and the author of
The Western Fruit Book; Popular De
ciduous and Evergreen Trees; Handbook
for Fruit Growers; and Handbook of
Practical Landscape Gardening. He died
Jan. 10, 1878, in Cleveland, Ohio.
ELLIOTT, GILBERT MOLLESON, sol
dier, was born Oct. 7, 1840, in Thompson,
Conn. In April, 1861, when Fort Sumter
was fired upon, he unfurled the stars and
stripes from the college building, and In
his address declared he would defend his
country's honor with his life's blood. He
died Nov. 24, 1863, in Lookout Mountain,
Tenn.
ELLIOTT, HENRY WOOD, artist, au
thor, was born Nov. 13, 1841, in Cleve
land, Ohio. He is an artist in the employ
of the Smithsonian institution, and the
author of Monograph of the Seal Islands
of Alaska; and Our Arctic Provinces.
ELLIOTT, JAMES, congressman, was
born Aug. 9, 1770, in Guilford, Vt. He
was a representative in congress from
Vermont from 1803 to 1809. He died Nov.
10, 1830, in Newfane, Vt.
ELLIOTT, JAMES M., railroad presi
dent, was born Nov. 12, 1854, in Rome, Ga.
In 1889 he became president of the Gads-
den and Attalla Union railroad.
ELLIOTT, JAMES T., lawyer, jurist,
journalist, congressman, was born April
22, 1823, in Monroe county, Ga. He was
chosen president of a railroad company
in 1858; and was elected a circuit judge
in Arkansas in 1866. He established a
newspaper at Camden, in that state, in
1867, called the South Arkansas Journal;
and was elected a representative from
Arkansas to the fortieth congress to fill
a vacancy.
ELLIOTT, JESSE DUNCAN, naval offi
cer, was born July 14, 1782, in Maryland.
In 1804 he entered the navy as a mid
shipman; was in the war with Great Brit
ain; and captured two armed British
brigs. In 1813 he succeeded Perry in com
mand of Lake Erie. He died Dec. 18, 1845,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
ELLIOTT, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 24, 1768, in Clinton, Conn.
He was a congregational minister at Mad
ison, Conn., during 1791-1824, and co-au
thor with S. Johnson of the first Ameri
can dictionary of the English language.
He died Dec. 17, 1824, in Madison, Conn.
ELLIOTT, JOHN G., legislator, was
born Oct. 7, 1850, in Alleghany county, N.
Y. He received his education in the
schools of northern Indiana and at the
normal college of Valparaiso. For four
years he was county recorder of Merced
county, Cal., and also its county clerk for
four years. He is now a member of the
California state assembly, and takes an
active part in public affairs.
ELLIOTT, JOHN M., lawyer, congress
man, was born May 16, 1820, in Scott
county, Va. He was elected to the state
legislature in 1847; and in 1853 was elect
ed a representative in congress.
ELLIOTT, JONATHAN, soldier, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1784 in Eng
land. For thirteen years he edited and
published the Washington Gazette, and
was the author of American Diplomatic
Code; Debate on Adoption of the Consti
tution; Funding System of the United
States; Statistics of the United States;
The Comparative Tariffs; and Sketches
of the District of Columbia. He died in
1802 in Washington, D. C.
ELLIOTT, MRS. MAUD (HOWE), au
thor, was born Nov. 9, 1855, in Boston,
Mass. She is a fiction writer of Chicago,
and the author of Atalanta in the South;
Mammon; A Newport Aquarelle; The San
Rosario Ranch; Honor; and Pnyllida.
ELLIOTT, MORTIMER F., lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born Sept. 24,
1842, in Cherry Flats, Pa. He commenced
the practice of law at Wellsboro, Pa., and
in 1870 was an unsuccessful candidate for
president judge. He was a member of the
state constitutional convention of 1873;
and was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-eighth congress
as a democrat.
ELLIOTT, ROBERT BROWN, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 11, 1842, in
Boston, Mass. He was a member of the
state constitutional convention of South
Carolina in 1868; and was a member of
the house of representatives of South Car
olina from 1868. to 1870. In 1869 he was
appointed assistant adjutant-general,
which position he held until elected to
the forty-second congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-third congress. He
died in 1884, in New Orleans, La.
ELLIOTT, ROBERT WOODWARD
BARNWELL, was born Aug. 16, 1840, in
Beaufort, S. C. He was ordained a priest
in Savannah, Ga., in 1871, and in Novem
ber of that year became pastor of St.
Philip's church in that city. In 1874 he
was consecrated missionary bishop of
western Texas. He died Aug. 26, 1887,
in Sewanee, S. C.
ELLIOTT, SAMUEL MACKENZIE,
oculist, was born April 9, 1811, in Scot
land. In 1835 he opened an office in New
York city and devoted himself to the cure
of eye diseases. He died May 1, 1875, in
Brighton, N. Y.
ELLIOTT, SARAH BARNWELL, au
thor, was born in 18 — . She was the
author of Jerry; John Paget, a novel of
New York and Newport; and The Fel-
meres.
KI.LIOTT, STEPHEN, naturalist, au
thor, was born Nov. 11, 1771, in Beau
fort, S. C. He was a naturalist of South
Carolina, and a professor in the state
medical college. He was the author of
The Botany of South Carolina and
Georgia. He died March 28, 1830, in
Charleston, S. C.
ELLIOTT, STEPHEN, lawyer, bishop,
was born Aug. 31, 1806, in Beaufort, S. C.
He practiced law in Charleston and Beau
fort until 1833. In 1841 he was conse
crated protestant episcopal bishop of
Georgia. He died Dec. 21, 1866, in Savan
nah, Ga.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
337
ELLIOTT, THEODORE BATES, law
yer, was born July 12, 1836, in Wayne
county, N. Y. He attained success as one
of the most prominent lawyers of Mil
waukee county, Wis. He died Jan. 11,
1883, in Wisconsin.
ELLIOTT, WARREN G., railroad pres
ident. In 1890 he became president of the
Wilmington and Weldon railroad; and
the same year became president of the
Petersburg railroad.
ELLIOTT, WILLIAM, patriot of the
revolution, was born in 1761, in Beaufort,
S. C. He served in the patriot army
while still a youth, and was taken pris
oner at the surprise of John's Island, and
confined in the prison ship. He died in
1808, in Beaufort, S. C.
ELLIOTT, WILLIAM, author, was born
April 27, 1788, in Beaufort, S. C. His
published works include an Address Be
fore the St. Paul's Agricultural Society;
and Carolina Sports by Land and Water.
He was also the author of Fiesco, a trag
edy. He died in February, 1863, in Beau
fort, S. C.
ELLIOTT, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 3, 18S8, in
Beaufort. S. C. He served as an officer
throughout the war in the confederate
army; and in 1866 was elected a member
of the South Carolina legislature and in-
tendant of Beaufort. He was elected to
the fiftieth and fifty-second congresses;
received the certificate of election to the
fifty-first congress, but was unseated by
the house; was given the certificate of
election to the fifty-fourth congress, but
was unseated June 4, 1896, and the seat
given to his republican opponent. He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
ELLIS, ABNER, patriot, was born in
Dedham, Mass. He represented that town
in the provincial congresses of October,
1774, and February and May, 1775, taking
a prominent part in the proceedings.
ELLIS, CALEB, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1767,
in Walpole, Mass. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1805 to 1809; was a
member of the council, and in 1811 elect
ed to the state senate. In 1812 he was
one of the electors of president and vice-
president; and in 1813 was judge of the
supreme court of New Hampshire. He
died May ». 1816.
ELLIS, CALVIN, physician, was born
in 1826, in Boston, Mass. In 1863 he be
came adjunct professor of the theory and
practice of medicine in Harvard, and in
1865 adjunct, and in 1867 regular, profes
sor of clinical medicine, which chair he
held till his death. Among his publica
tions the most important are papers on
Obstruction of Lung, Caused by Pressure
on the Primary Bronchus; and The Ten
dency of Disease in One Part to Excite it
in Another; and clinical lectures on
Capillary Bronchitis. He died Dec. 14,
1883, in Boston, Mass.
ELLIS, CHARLES, founder, was born
Jan. 31, 1800, in Muncy, Pa. He was one
of the founders of the college of phar
macy of Philadelphia, and was its fourth
president from 1854 to 1869. He died
May 16, 1874, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ELLIS, CHARLES MAYO, lawyer, au
thor, was born Dec. 23, 1818, in Boston.
Mass. He was a Boston lawyer of prom
inence as an abolitionist, who published
a History of Roxbury. He died Jan. 26,
1878, in Brookline, Mass.
ELLIS, CHESELDEN, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845.
22
ELLIS, EDWARD SYLVESTER, edu
cator, author, was born April 11, 1840, in
Geneva, Ohio. He was trustee and super
intendent of schools of Trenton. He is
the author of thirty juvenile works, and
still issues two annually. He is the au
thor of two arithmetics and various other
educational works, and also The Youth's
History of the United States, and The
Standard History of the United States.
His other works include From the Throt
tle to the President's Chair; Lost in
Samoa; The Camp Fires of General Lee;
The Hunters of the Ozark; The Last War
Trail; Righting the Wrong; Up the Tapa-
jos; Down the Mississippi; Life of Daniel
Boone; and Storm Mountain.
ELLIS, ELEAZER HOLMES, lawyer,
jurist, was born Aug. 26, 1826, in Green
Bay, Wis. He has been justice of the
peace, alderman and mayor of Green Bay,
Wis., of which city he was appointed post
master in 1896. For eight years, during
1871-79, he was judge of the circuit court
of Wisconsin in the tenth judicial cir
cuit.
ELLIS, EZEKIEL JOHN, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Oct. 15, 1841,
in Covington, La. He served throughout
the civil war in the confederate army as
private to captain. From 1867 until his
death he practiced law in New Orleans,
La. In 1874 he was elected to the forty-
fourth congress; and received the re-elec
tion to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-
seventh and forty-eighth congresses as a
democrat. He died April 19, 1889, in
Washington, D. C.
ELLIS, GEORGE EDWARD, clergy
man, author, was born in 1814, in Massa
chusetts. He was a Unitarian clergyman
of Boston, who was pastor of the Har
vard church in Charlestown in 1840-69,
and for many years president of the
Massachusetts Historical society. He was
the author of A Half Century of the Uni
tarian Controversy; Evidences of Chris
tianity; The Red Man and the White in
North America; The Organ and Church
Music; Aims and Purposes of the Found
ers of Massachusetts; Memoirs of Count
Rumford, Jared Sparks, Jacob Bigelow,
Luther Bell, and others; Lives of John
Mason, Anne Hutchinson, and William
Penn, in Sparks's American Biography;
and History of the Battle of Bunker Hill.
The Puritan Age and Rule in the Colony
of the Massachusetts Bay is his most im
portant work. He died in 1894.
ELLIS, JOHN, physician, inventor, au
thor, was born Nov. 26, 1815, in Ashfleld,
Mass. He lectured for six years in the
Homeopathic Medical college of Cleve
land, Ohio, and was professor of the the
ory and practice of medicine for two
years in the New York Homeopathic Med
ical college. He invented a process for
refining petroleum; and in 1881 purchased
a tract of land at Edgewater, N. J., and
constructed one of the most complete oil
refineries in the world.
ELLIS, JOHN BRECKENRIDGE, edu
cator, author, poet, was born Feb. 11, 1870,
in Marion county, Mo. He received his
education at the Woodland college, and
in 1886 graduated from the Plattsburg
college. He has filled the chair in Platts
burg college, in which institution he is
now professor of English literature. He
is the author of several novels entitled
Hand of Fire; The Flitterfteds; Mizzouri
Ville Sketches; a volume of poems, and
other works.
ELLIS, JOHN MILLOT, clergyman, ed
ucator, was born July 14, 1793, in Keene,
N. H. He moved to Illinois and was pas
tor at Kaskaskia and Jacksonville, where
he established a female seminary. He
died Aug. 6, 1855.
ELLIS, JOHN WASHINGTON, banker,
was born Aug. 15, 1817, in Williamsburg,
Ohio. When the national bank act was
passed in 1863, he organized the First
National bank of Cincinnati. The most
important operation of his life was the
resuscitation of the Northern Pacific Rail
road company in 1879-80, after the fail
ure under Jay Cooke's management in
1873. Mr. Ellis formed a syndicate, which
took $40,000,000 of Northern Pacific bonds
and finished the road to the Pacific.
ELLIS, JOHN WILLIAM, educator,
lawyer, lecturer, author, college president,
was born Dec. 29, 1839, in Carthage, 111.
When an infant he removed to Kentucky;
and in 1869 to Missouri, where he has
attained distinction as an able lawyer,
being a member for ten years of the bar
at St. Louis, and subsequently of Platts
burg. He has been president of the
Warsaw college, Kentucky; president of
the Woodland college, Missouri, and is
now president of Plattsburg college, Mis
souri. He is author of The Life Mission,
a poem of great merit; and translator into
English of a metrical translation of The
Song of Solomon. He has conducted
Chautauqua assemblies, and in 1889 re
ceived the degree of LL. D. from that in
stitution.
ELLIS, JOHN WILLIS, lawyer, jurist,
governor, was born Nov. 23, 1820, in
Rowan, N. C. He was a member of the
house of commons of North Carolina
from 1844 to 1848; and then judge of the
superior courts of law and equity; and
was governor of North Carolina from
1859 until his death. He died in 1861, in
Raleigh, N. C.
ELLIS, LOUIS F., soldier, patriot, was
born July 17, 1843, in Sing Sing, N. Y.
His grandfather came from England; was
a prominent whole
sale merchant in
New York city, 120
years ago. He grad
uated from the pub
lic schools of New
York city, and was
just entering Rut
gers college when
the war broke out.
He went to the front
in a militia regi
ment, and later en
listed for three years
in the one hundred and thirty-first New
York volunteer infantry, and was rapidly
promoted and commanded his company
in all the engagements of his regiment
in the department of the Gulf. He volun
teered as a member of the Port Hudson
Forlorn Hope Storming Column, and
was voted a medal by congress for gal
lant and meritorious conduct. He served
as department commander of Ohio two
terms; and also as national commander
of the union veterans. He has been chair
man of the republican county committee;
a delegate to state and national conven
tions, and received the unanimous en
dorsement for congress. He is connected
with the Standard Oil company at Lima,
Ohio.
ELLIS, PERRY CANBY, journalist, au
thor, was born Aug. 21, 1867, in Boone
county, Ky. He received his education in
the Woodland college, and in 1885 he
graduated from the Plattsburg college.
He was on the editorial staff of the St.
Louis Star, Kansas City Times and the
Kansas City World. He is the author of
a Political Handbook, and several short
stories.
338
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ELLIS, POWHATAN, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born about
1794, in Virginia. He became one of the
judges of the supreme court of that state;
in 1825 was appointed to a seat in the
United States senate, but was displaced
by the legislature. In 1827, however, the
legislature elected him a senator in con
gress, where he served until 1833, after
which he was appointed United States
judge for tne district of Mississippi. In
1836 he was appointed charge d'affaires
to Mexico; and in 1833 minister to that
republic. He died about 1844.
ELLIS, RUFUS, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 14, 1819, in Boston, Mass.
He was lecturer in the Harvard divinity
school in 1869 and 1871, and for several
years before nis death was editor of the
Religious Monthly Magazine. He died
Sept. 23, 1885, in Kngland.
ELLIS, SUMNER, clergyman, author,
was born in 1828, in Massachusetts, rie
was a universalist clergyman of Boston
and Chicago, and the author of At Our
Best, and Other Essays; Life of E. H.
Chapin; and Hints on Preaching. He
died Jan. 26, 1886, in Chicago, 111.
ELLIS, THEODORE GUNVILLE, civil
engineer, soldier, was bom Sept. 25, 1829,
in Boston, Mass. Prior to the civil war
he was chief engineer of the Saratoga
railroad; and had charge of silver mines
in Mexico. At Gettysburg his regiment
captured five battle flags in a bayonet
charge; and he subsequently attained the
rank of brigadier-general. In 1867 he
was surveyor-general of Connecticut; and
at the time of his death had charge of
the government works on the Connecti
cut river. He died Jan. 8, 1883, in Hart
ford, Conn.
ELLIS, WILLIAM C., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1823 to 1825.
ELLIS, WILLIAM R., educator, jour
nalist, congressman, was born April 23,
1850, in Waveland, Ind. He moved to
Oregon in 1883; has lived in Heppner
since 1884; and served 'one term as coun
ty superintendent of schools and three
terms as district attorney of the seventh
judicial district of Oregon. He was
elected to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses, and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican.
ELLIS, WILLIAM T., lawyer, congress
man, was born July 24, 1845, in Daviess
county, Ky. He was elected county at
torney of Daviess county in 1870; and
was re-elected in 1874. He was presi
dential elector for the second congres
sional district in 1876; and was elected to
the fifty-first and fifty-second congresses,
and was re-elected to the fifty-third con
gress as a democrat.
ELLISON, ANDREW, congressman,
was born in Ireland. He was elected a
representative in congress from Ohio
from 1853 to 1855.
ELLISON, WILLIAM H., college presi
dent, was born Dec. 4, 1805, in Charleston,
S. C. In 1838 he was chosen professor of
mathematics in Wesleyan Female college
at Macon; two years later he was elected
president, in which position he remained
until 1851. He died Dec. 26, 1884, in
Clayton, Ala.
ELLMAKER. AMOS, jurist, was born
Feb. 2, 1787, in New Holland, Pa. He was
deputy attorney-general for Dauphin
county in 1809-12, and served in the legis
lature in 1812-14. He was appointed
president judge ot his judicial district in
1815. He died Nov. 28, 1851, in Lancaster,
Pa.
ELLMORE, ALFRED, clergyman, poet,
was born Aug. 11, 1838, in Frankfort, Ind.
For thirty-five years he has been a suc
cessful clergyman; for twenty years was
field editor on the American Christian
Review; for seven years co-editor of ine
Cnristian Leader; and since 1892 has been
editor of the Gospel Echo. He is the au
thor of a large number of tracts, and a
volume of verse, entitled Maple Valley
Poems.
ELLSBERRY, WILLIAM W., physi
cian, congressman, was born Dec. 18,
1833, in New Hope, Ohio. He was a mem
ber of the county military board of Brown
county; settled at Georgetown, Ohio; and
was three times chosen county auditor.
In 1884 he was elected a representative
from Ohio to the forty-ninth congress.
ELLSWORTH, CHARLES C., lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 29, 1824, in
Berkshire, Vt. He was appointed prose
cuting attorney of Livingston county,
Mich., in 1850. He moved to Montcalm
county in 1851, and was a member of the
state house of representatives from 1852
to 1854. He served two terms as prose
cuting attorney of Montcalm county; and
was appointed a paymaster in the army
in 1862, and served until the close of the
war. He was elected a representative
from Michigan to the forty-fifth congress
as a republican.
ELLSWORTH, EPHRAIM ELMER,
soldier, was born April 23, 1837, in Me-
chanicsville, N. Y. In 1860 he organized
a regiment of zouaves, which became re
nowned for the perfection of their disci
pline, and of which he was commissioned
colonel. He died May 24, 1861, in Alex
andria, Va.
ELLSWORTH, ERASTUS WOLCOTT,
inventor, poet, was born Nov. 27, 1822,
in East Windsor, Conn. He is an in
ventor of Connecticut, who published in
1855 a volume of poems of very uneven
excellence, some of which were popular
for a time.
ELLSWORTH, EUGENE STAFFORD,
was born Nov. 2, 1848, in Milwaukee
county, Wis. He served in the war as a
drummer boy in the
company which his
father commanded.
He subsequently did
a very extensive
business in loaning
money for eastern
capitalists on Iowa
improved farms. In
1880 he organized
the Cedar Rapids,
Iowa Falls and
Northwestern Land
and Town Lot com
pany, which purchased lands and town
sites for over three hundred miles along
the Burlington railroad; and he justly
claims to be the founder of more than
thirty cities and towns in Iowa. He is
a prominent financier and the president
of numerous business enterprises. Ells
worth college of Iowa Falls was named
in his honor.
ELLSWORTH, HENRY LEAVITT,
lawyer, author, was born Nov. 10, 1791, in
Windsor, Conn. He was appointed resi
dent commissioner among the Indian
tribes in Arkansas; and was United States
commissioner of patents from 1836 to
1845. His reports to congress during this
period added greatly to the improvement
of agriculture. He then settled in La
fayette, Ind., where he was a purchaser
of United States land. He was the au
thor of Digest of Patents from 1770 to
1859. He died Dec. 27, 1858, in Fair
Haven, Conn.
ELLSWORTH, HENrtY W., lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1814, in Windsor, Conn.
He moved to Indiana in 1835; was coun
sel for S. F. B. Morse in some of his suits
connected with telegraph patents; and
was appointed charge d'affaires to Swe
den in 1845. He was the author of
Sketches of the Upper Wabash Valley;
and American Swine Breeder. He died
August, 1864, in New Haven, Conn.
ELLSWORTH, JAMES WILLIAM, cap
italist. He is president of ihe Ohio Coal
company, at St. Paul, and president of
the Cleveland and Pittsburgh Dock com
pany, in Cleveland.
ELLSWORTH, MARY WIGGINS, au
thor, was born Sept. 7, 1830, in Exeter,
N. H. She wrote biographical articles for
Cypress Leaves, and was the author of
Peace or the Stolen Will; An Hour with
the Children; Smith's Saloon; and com
piled Juvenile Miscellany. She died
Aug. 12, 1870, in Newton, Mass.
ELLSWORTH, OLIVER, jurist, United
States senator, was born April 29, 1745,
in Windsor, Conn. In 1780 he was elected
to the council of
Connecticut, and
was a member of
that body until 1784,
when he was ap
pointed a judge of
the superior court
of that state; and in
1787 was elected a
member of the con-
v e n t i o n which
framed the federal
constitution. When
the federal govern
ment was organized, in 1789, he was a
member of the senate from Connecticut;
and in 1796 was appointed by President
Washington chief justice of the supreme
court of the United States, but resigned
the office on account of ill-health in 1800.
In 1799 he was appointed by President
Adams envoy extraordinary to France,
for the purpose of concluding a treaty
with that nation. He died Nov. 26, 1807.
ELLSWORTH, SAMUEL S., congress
man, was born in Vermont. He was a
member of the New York assembly in
1840; and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1845 to 1847.
ELLSWORTH, WILLIAM WOLCOTT,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, governor,
was born Nov. 10, 1791, in Windsor coun
ty, Conn. He was professor of law m
Trinity college; and was a representative
in congress from Connecticut from 1829
to 1833. In 1838 he was elected governor
of Connecticut, and re-elected for four
years; and was a judge of the supreme
court of Connecticut for many years. He
died Jan. 15, 1868, in Hartford, Conn.
ELLWANGER, GEORGE, nurseryman,
was born Dec. 2, 1816, in Wurtemberg.
He came to America in 1835 and settled
in Rochester, where in 1839 he established
the firm of Ellwanger and Barry for the
raising of fruit and shade trees, shrubs, .
and flower and foliage plants. This was
the pioneer nursery of the west, and be
ing located just beyond the city limits on
the Mount Hope road, took the name of
the Mount Hope nursery. He built and
owns the large Ellwanger and Barry of
fice building of Rochester, N. Y.
ELLWANGER, GEORGE HERMAN,
journalist, author, poet, was born July 10,
1848, in Rochester, N. Y. For many years
he was the editor of the Rochester Post-
Express, and is the author of The Gar
den's Story; The Story of My House; In
Gold and Silver; Idyllists of the Country
side; Love's Demesne; and A Garland of
Contemporary Love Poems.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
339
ELLWANGER, HENRY BROOKS, hor
ticulturist, author, was born in 1851 in
New York. He was a horticulturist of
Rochester, N. Y., and the author of The
Rose, a Treatise on Cultivation; and His
tory of Roses. He died in 1883.
ELLWOOD, REUBEN, manufacturer,
congressman, was born Feb. 21, 1821, in
New York. He located at Sycamore, 111.;
engaged largely in manufacturing; and
became president of several manufactur
ing companies. He was elected a repre
sentative from Illinois to the forty-eighth
congress as a republican.
ELLYSON, HENRY KEELING, jour
nalist, legislator, was born July 31, 1823,
in Richmond, Va. In 1854-55 he served
his native city in the Virginia legislature;
from 1857 till 1865 was sheriff of Henrico
county; and in 1870 was elected mayor
of Richmond. He has long been connect
ed, as associate proprietor and editor,
with the Richmond Dispatch, one of the
most widely circulated journals in the
south.
ELMENDORF, JOHN JAMES, clergy
man, author, was born June 27, 1827, in
New York city. He was an episcopal cler
gyman, and professor of philosophy in
Racine college, Wisconsin, in 1867-88, and
later connected with the Western Theo
logical seminary at Chicago. He was the
author of Manual of Rites and Ritual;
History of Philosophy; Outlines of Logic;
Aspects of Modern Philosophy; and Moral
Philosophy. He died in 1896.
ELMENDORF, LUCAS, was born in
1758. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1797 to 1803;
a member of the assembly of that state
in 1804 and 1805; and a state senator from
1814 to 1817. He died Aug. 17, 1843.
ELMER, EBENEZER, soldier, physi
cian, state senator, congressman, was
born in 1752, in Cedarville, N. J. He was
a field officer of the revolutionary war;
and also a surgeon in the army. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1801 to 1807; and served a
number of years in the state assembly,
and was chosen speaker. He was also
for a long time adjutant-general of the
New Jersey militia; and during the war
of 1812 commanded the troops on the
Delaware. In 1807 and 1815 he was a
member and vice-president of the state
council; and in 1808 was appointed col
lector of Bridgeton, and held the office
for many years. He died Oct. 18, 1843,
in Brighton, N. J.
ELMER, JONATHAN, physician, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 29, 1745, in
Fairfield, N. J. He was a member of the
continental congress; and a senator in
congress under the federal constitution
from New Jersey from 1789 to 1791. Dur
ing the war of the revolution he was a
sheriff, a surrogate, and a judge; and was
a member of the Philosophical Society of
America. He died Sept. 3, 1807, in Bur
lington, N. J.
ELMER, LUCIUS QUINTIUS CINCIN-
NATUS, lawyer, jurist, congressman, au
thor, was born Feb. 3, 1793, in Bridgeton,
N. J. For many years he was prosecutor
for the state; and was in the assembly
from 1820 to 1823, the last year being
speaker of that body. He was a represent
ative in congress from New Jersey from
1843 to 1845. In 1852 he was appointed one
of the justices of the supreme court of his
state, which office he continued to hold
until 1859. He was the author of A Digest
of the Laws of New Jersey, commonly
styled Nixon's Digest; Genealogy of the
Elmer Family; History of Cumberland
County; and History of New Jersey. He
died March 11, 1883, in Bridgeton, Conn.
ELMORE, FRANKLIN HARPER, sol
dier, lawyer, banker, United States sen
ator, was born Jan. 16, 1799, in Laurens,
S. C. He was a colonel of militia; and
also a trustee of the South Carolina col
lege. In 1822 he was elected solicitor of
the southern circuit, and was continued
in this office, by re-elections, until 1837,
when he was elected to the house of rep
resentatives in congress, and served until
1839. He was in that year elected presi
dent of the bank of the State of South
Carolina, which office he held till his ap
pointment to the United States senate in
1850, to fill a vacancy. He died May 29,
1850, in Washington, D. C.
ELMORE, RUSH, jurist, was born
about 1810 in Alabama. He settled in
Kansas; and was appointed an associate
justice of the United States court for that
territory, residing at Lecompton.
ELSBERG, LOUIS, physician, author,
was born April 2, 1836, in Iserloin, Prus
sia. He was a physician of New York
city, and the author of Laryngoscopal
Medication; and The Throat and Its
Functions. He died Feb. 1, 1885, in New
York city.
ELSHEMUS, LOUIS M., artist, poet,
was born in 1864, in Laurel Hill, N. J.
He has studied art in New York and
Paris; and has exhibited paintings in
several art exhibitions in this country
and abroad. He has contributed to New
York magazines, and has published two
volumes of verse, Moods of a Soul; and
Songs of Spring and Blossoms of Unre
quited Love, the latter issued with illus
trations by the author.
ELSON, LOUIS CHARLES, journalist,
author, was born April 17, 1848, in Bos
ton, Mass. He is a Boston journalist, ed
itor of the Vox Humana; and the author
of History of Music; History of German
Song; and Curiosities of Music.
ELTON, JOHN PRINCE, manufacturer,
legislator, was born April 24, 1809, in
Watertown, Conn. In 1832 he went into
business in Waterbury, Conn., and in
1833 his firm began the manufacture of
brass wire, being the first in the country
to take up that industry. In 1840, 1849,
1851, and 1863 he served in the state
legislature. He died Nov. 10, 1864, in
Waterbury, Conn.
ELWELL, EDWARD HENRY, journal
ist, author, was born Dec. 14, 1825, in
Portland, Maine. Since 1848 he has been
editor and manager of the Portland
Transcript. He is the author of Portland
and Vicinity; The Boys of Thirty-five, a
story of a seaport town; and Fraternity
Papers, a volume of essays and sketches.
ELWELL, JOSEPH C., lawyer, jurist,
was born Oct. 19, 1850, in Milford Center,
Ohio. He has served as district attorney
of the third district of Colorado; and as
judge of the district court of the tenth
judicial district of Colorado.
ELWELL, MARIA HUNTINGTON, lec
turer, was born March 9, 1845, in Hadley,
Mass. Many of her ancestors distin
guished themselves in colonial and revo
lutionary times — Governor Samuel Hunt-
ington, signer of fhe Declaration of Inde
pendence, was one of them. She attended
the best academies of Hadley, Mass., and
Farmington, Conn., and subsequently
taught in Cambridge and in Philadel
phia. In 1870 she married John D. El-
well, and has since lived in Brooklyn,
N. Y. She has been president of the
Brooklyn Woman's club; vice-president
of the Christian Socialist society; his
torian-general of the Daughters of the
Revolution; secretary of the New York
League of Unitarian Women; and lecturer
for the American Humane Education so
ciety.
ELWYN, ALFRED LANGDON, philan
thropist, author, was born July 9, 1804,
in Portsmouth, N. H. he originated the
Pennsylvania Agricultural Society and
Farm School, and was president in 1850.
He was president of the Pennsylvania
Institution for Instruction of the Blind;
Training School for Feeble Minded Chil
dren; Society for Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals. He wrote Bonaparte; Glos
sary of Supposed Americanisms; Letters
to Hon. John Langdon During and After
the Revolution; Melancholy and Its Mus
ings; and A Few Hints to the City on In
temperance. He died March 15 1884 in
Philadelphia, Pa.
ELY, ALFRED, lawyer, congressman,
author, was born Feb. 18, 1815, in Lyme,
Conn. In 1858 he was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the thirty-
sixth congress, and was re-elected to the
thirty-seventh congress. He published a
Journal of Alfred Ely, a Prisoner of War
in Richmond.
ELY, CHARLES WRIGHT, educator,
soldier, was born March 14, 1839, in
Madison, Conn. He served with distinc
tion as a soldier during the civil war.
Since 1870 he has been principal and su
perintendent of the Maryland state school
for the deaf.
ELY, EZRA STILES, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 13, 1786, in Lebanon,
Conn. He was a presbyterian minister of
Philadelphia, and the author of Contrast
Between Calvinism and Hopkinsianism;
Endless Punishment; The Science of the
Human Mind; Sermons on Faith; Visits
of Mercy; Memoir of Zebulon Ely; The
Contrast; and Ely's Journal. He died
June 18, 1861, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ELY, FREDERICK DAVID, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
horn Sept. 24, 1838, in Wrentham, Mass.
At Dedham, Mass., he was a trial justice
from 1867 to 1885; was a representative
in the Massachusetts legislature in 1873;
and was a state senator in 1878 and 1879.
He was a member of the school commit
tee of Dedham from 1882 to 1885; and in
1884 he was elected a representative from
Massachusetts to the forty-ninth congress
as a republican.
ELY, GEORGE H., manufacturer, bank
er, state senator, was born Nov. 15, 1844,
in Elyria, Ohio. He organized the Elyria
Stone company; and is now president of
the National Bank of Elyria. He has
served with distinction as a state senator
in the seventy-first and seventy-second
general assemblies of Ohio.
ELY, GRISWOLD LORD, merchant,
was born Sept. 1, 1842, in New York city.
In 1863 he was appointed assistant pay
master in the United States navy; and
in 1875 established the cutlery firm of
Ely and Wray of New York city.
ELY, JOHN, congressman, was born
in Connecticut. He was a representative
in congress from New York from 1839 to
1841, having previously served two years
in the assembly of that state.
ELY, MELVIN G., educator, journalist,
lawyer, was born Aug. 22, 1865, in Beech
Spring, Va. After receiving his educa
tion at the Cumberland college of Rose
Hill, Va., he began educational work;
was professor in Turkey Cove seminary
during 1887-90; and the two succeeding
years was principal of Mt. Pleasant high
school, Ky. He then entered journalism
as editor of the Weekly Bulletin of Har-
lan C. H., Ky. ; and is now successfully
engaged in the practice of law at Jones-
ville, Va.
340
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ELY, RICHARD THEODORE, educator,
author, was born April 13, 1854, in Rip-
ley, N. Y. Since 1892 he has been profes
sor of political economy and director of
the school of economics, political science
and history in the university of Wiscon
sin. He is the author of French and Ger
man Socialism in Modern Times; Tne
Past and Present of Political Economy;
Taxation in American States and Cities;
Problems of To-Day ; Political Economy;
Social Aspects of Christianity; and Out
lines of Economics.
ELY, SMITH, merchant, congressman,
was born in 1825, in New Jersey. He was
elected a school trustee; in 1857 to the
state senate; and was elected a represent
ative from New York to the forty-second
and forty-fourth congresses as a demo
crat. He died July 28, 1884.
ELY, WILLIAM, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1805 to 1815. He died in
1817.
ELY, WILLIAM G., soldier, was born
about 1835. He served in the civil war
and was brevetted a brigadier-general.
ELY, WILLIAM MATHER, farmer,
merchant, legislator, was born in 1818,
in Binghamton, N. Y. He was for sev
eral years president of the state agricul
tural society. In 1868 he was elected to
the legislature, and served till his death.
He died Feb. 5, 1872, in Binghamton,
N. Y.
ELZEY, ARNOLD, soldier, was born
Dec. 18, 1816, in Somerset county, Md.
In 1861 he entered the confederate service
with the rank of colonel; and was subse
quently promoted major-general. He died
Feb. 21, 1871, in Baltimore, Md.
EMANUEL, DAVID, governor, was born
in 1742. He settled in Burke county, Ga.;
was president of the senate; and in 1801
governor of Georgia. He died in i808,
in Burke county, Ga.
EMBREE, ELISHA, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Sept. 28, 1801, in
Lincoln county, Ky. He was elected to
the state senate of Indiana; and in 1835
was chosen circuit judge, which office he
held for ten years. In 1847 he was elect
ed representative in the thirtieth congress
from Indiana. He died Feb. 28, 1863, in
Princeton, N. J.
EMBRY, JAMES CRAWFORD, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 2, 1834, in
Knox county, Ind. He is the author of
Condition and Prospects of the Colored
American.
EMBURY, MRS. EMMA CATHARINE
MANLY, poet, author, was born in 1806,
in New York city. She was a writer of
poetry and prose whose home was in
Brooklyn. Her various works include
Guido and Other Poems; The Blind Girl
and Other Tales; The Waldorf Family,
a Fairy Tale; Female Education;
Glimpses of Home Life; Pictures of Early
Life; Poems; Token of Flowers; Nature's
Gems, or American Wild Flowers; and
Love's Token Flowers, a collection of
poems. She died Feb. 10, 1863, in New
York.
EMERSON, ALFRED, archaeologist,
educator, author, was born in 1859, in
Pennsylvania. He is an archaeologist;
and professor at Cornell university since
1891. He is the author of Dissertatio de
Hercule Homerico.
EMERSON, BENJAMIN KENDALL,
geologist, author, was born Dec. 20, 1843,
in Nashua, N. H. For many years he
held the chair of geology and mineralogy
in Amherst college, and subsequently be
came United States geologist. He is the
author of several works on geology.
EMERSON, BROWN, clergyman, was
born Jan. 8, 1778, in Ashby, Mass. He
was ordained in 1805 as Dr. Daniel Hop
kins' colleague in the pastorate of the
old South church of Salem, where he re
mained tilf his death, being sole pastor
from 1816 till 1849. He died July 25,
1872, in Salem, Mass.
EMERSON, CHARLES FRANKLIN,
educator, was born Sept. 28, 1843, in
Chelmsford, Mass. In 1869 he became in
structor in mathematics in the college
proper, and in 1872 associate professor of
natural philosophy, succeeding in 1878
to full possession of that chair. His work
has consisted largely in the development
of the physical laboratory in Dartmouth,
for which purpose he traveled extensively
through Europe during 1883-84.
EMERSON, CHARLES NOBLE, law
yer, author, was born Feb. 6, 1821, in
Massachusetts. He was a Massachusetts
lawyer, commissioner of revenue, who
published Internal Revenue Guide; and
Handbook of Internal Revenue for Popu
lar Use. He died April 15, i869, in New
York city.
EMERSON, EDWARD WALDO, edu
cator, author, was born in 1844, in Massa
chusetts. He is an instructor in art anat
omy, living at Concord, Mass., and the
author of Emerson in Concord.
EMERSON, MRS. ELLEN RUSSELL,
author, was born Jan. 16, 1837, in New
Sharon, Maine. She is the author of In
dian Myths; and has always taken deep
interest in Indian history. Her latest
work is entitled Masks, Heads, and Faces,
with Some Considerations Respecting the
Rise and Development of Art.
EMERSON, FREDERICK, educator,
author, was born Nov. 28, 1788, in Hamp-
stead, N. H. He was a prominent Bos
ton educator, and superintendent of
schools, who published a series of popu
lar arithmetics, chief among which was
the North American Arithmetic. He died
in 1857, in Boston, Mass.
EMERSON, FREEMAN O., merchant
legislator, was born Jan. 12, 1855, in Gor-
ham, N. H. He is a successful merchant
of Boston, Mass.; was a member of the
city council during 1894-96; and in 1897
served with distinction as a member of
the Massachusetts state legislature.
EMERSON, GEORGE BARRELL, edu
cator, author, was born Sept. 12, 1797, in
Kennebunk, Maine. He was an educator
of Boston, of much prominence and wide
influence, and the author of Lectures on
Education; The School and the School
master (with A. Potter) ; Manual of Agri
culture (with C. L. Flint); Report on
the Trees and Shrubs of Massachusetts;
and Reminiscences of an Old Teacher.
He died March 14, 1881, in Newton, Mass.
EMERSON, IRVING, composer, was
born Nov. 4, 1842, in Brighton, Maine.
He is chorus director and supervisor of
music in the public schools of Hartford.
Conn. He is the author of a number of
anthems; a few songs and piano pieces;
and several singing books for public
schools.
EMERSON, JAMES E., machinist, in
ventor, was born Nov. 2, 1823, in Maine.
For many years he manufactured edge
tools in Trenton, N. J. ; and received
large contracts for swords and sabres
from the government during the civil
war. He afterward became superintend
ent of the American Saw company, which
was organized to manufacture his cir
cular saws with movable teeth. He also
invented a combined anvil, shears and
punching machine; and other mechan
ical appliances.
EMERSON, JOHN SMITH, missionary,
author, was born Dec. 28, 1800, in Chester,
N. H. He published five volumes of ele
mentary works, three of which were in
the Hawaiian language. He also pub
lished an English-Hawaiian Dictionary.
He died March 28, 1867, in the Sandwich
Islands.
EMERSON, JOSEPH, clergyman, ed
ucator, author, was born in 1777, in Hollis,
N. H. He established an academy at By-
fleld, Mass.; wrote Lectures on the Millen
nium; Lectures on Pollock's Course of
Time; and an edition of Watts on the
Mind. He died May 14, 1833, in Weathers-
field, Conn.
EMERSON, LUTHER ORLANDO, mu
sician, was born Aug. 3, 1820, in Parsons-
field, Maine. He has written and com
piled many collections of church music.
Among them The Romberg Collection;
The Golden Wrea'th; The Golden Harp;
The Sabbath Harmony; The Harp of
Judah; Merry Chimes; Jubilate; and sun
dry other collections.
EMERSON, PHILIP H., lawyer, state
senator, jurist, was born Feb. 15, 1834, in
Danby, Vt. He was city attorney of
Battle Creek, Mich., from 1865 to 1873;
trustee and president of school board
from 1868 to 1873; served in the state
senate; and United States associate jus
tice of the supreme court of Utah from
1873 to 1885.
EMERSON, RALPH, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born Aug. 18, 1787, in
Hollis, N. H. He was a congregational
clergyman, professor in Andover Theo
logical seminary in 1829-53, and author of
Life of Joseph Emerson; and translation
of Wisgon's Augustinianism and Pelag-
ianism. He died May 20, 1863, in Rock-
ford, 111.
EMERSON, RALPH WALDO, clergy
man, lecturer, author, was born May 25,
1803, in Boston, Mass. He was the most
distinguished o f
American essayists,
and by some critics
ranked as the fore
most American poet
when the substance
of his poetry is con
sidered apart from
its form. He was
ordained in 1829 as
a Unitarian minister
in Boston, but re
tired from the pro
fession in 1833, and
the next year settled in Concord, Mass.,
where the remainder of his life was spent.
He succeeded Margaret Fuller as editor
of The Dial, and was the most prominent
figure among the transcendental ists. As
a lecturer he was frequently before the
public, and in his writings faced a world
wide public as a philosophical thinker.
His first volume of poems appeared in
1847, followed in 1867 by May-Day and
Other Pieces. His prose writings are
comprised in Nature; Essays, first and
second series; Representative Men; Eng
lish Traits; Conduct of Life; Society and
Solitude; Letters and Social Aims; Lec
tures and Biographical Sketches; Miscel
lanies; and Natural History of Intellect,
and Other Papers. He died April 27, 1882.
EMERTON, EPHRAIM, educator, au
thor, was born in 1851 in Massachusetts.
He is professor of history at Harvard uni
versity, and the author of Introduction to
the Study of Mediaeval History; Synopsis
of the History of Continental Europe;
The Practical Method in Higher Histori
cal Instruction; Sir William Temple and
die Tripleallianz vom Jahre, 1668; and
Mediaeval Europe.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
341
EMERTON, JAMES HENRY, natural
ist, author, was born in 1847 in Salem,
Mass. He is a naturalist of eminence,
and the author of Structure and Habits
of Spiders; and Life on the Seashore.
EMERY, BRAINERD P., journalist, au
thor, poet, was born March 25, 1865, in
Southport, Conn. He is the author of In
Sunshine and Shadow; and In the Haunts
of Bloom ana Bird.
EMERY, CHARLES EDWARD, civil
engineer. He has invented numerous ap
pliances for the use of civil engineers.
EMERY, GEORGE ADDISON, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born in November,
1839, in Saco, Maine. He has been jus
tice of the peace, commissioner for Mas
sachusetts, judge of the municipal court
and recorder and trial justice. He has
represented Saco in the state legislature.
EMERY, GEORGE W., governor, was a
citizen of Tennessee. In 1875 he was ap
pointed governor of Utah, serving until
1880.
EMERY, LEWIS, petroleum producer,
was born in 1839, in Cherry Creek, N. Y.
In advance of oil development in Brad
ford, Pa., he leased about fourteen thou
sand acres of land. Sinking the first
well at Toad Hollow, two miles south of
the present city of Bradford, in 1875, he
obtained a flow of forty barrels of oil per
day.
EMERY, MATTHEW GAULT, archi
tect, was born Sept. 28, 1818, in Pem
broke, N. H. He is a well-known archi
tect of New York city. Prom 1845 he
has been identified as incorporator, di
rector or officer in nearly all the fire and
life insurance companies organized in
Washington.
EMERY, ORIN C.. journalist, author,
was born Jan. 19, 1860, in Compton, 111.
In 1896 he was elected a representative
in the Oregon state legislature. He is the
editor of the Yamhill Independent of
Newburg, Ore., and has attained promi
nence in the political affairs of his state.
EMMERTON, JAMES ARTHUR, gene
alogist, physician, author, was born Aug.
28, 1834, in Salem, Mass. He is a New
England genealogist and physician, and
the author of Eighteenth Century Bap
tisms in Salem, Massachusetts: Record of
the 23d Massachusetts Regiment; and
Materials towards an Emmerton Genealo
gy.
EMMET, EMMA, artist, was born in
1854. She has attained national promi
nence as an artist.
EMMET, JOHN T., Roman catholic
priest, was born Feb. 13, 1854, in Pitts-
town, N. Y. In 1890 he was appointed
pastor of St. Mary's church of Waterford,
N. Y.
EMMET, JOSEPH KLINE, actor, was
born March 13, 1841, in St. Louis, Mo. He
visited in Australia in 1877, and in Eu
rope in 1881 and 1885, in the latter year
fulfilling engagements in England, Ire
land and Scotland. His final appearance
on the stage was made in the spring of
1891. He died June 15, 1891, in Cornwall-
on-Hudson, N. Y.
EMMET, ROSINA, artist. She received
a first prize medal in London in 1878, for
heads on china. She has illustrated a
book for children, entitled Pretty Peggy,
collecting and arranging for it the poems
and music, ana Mrs. Burton Harrison's
Old Fashioned Tales.
EMMET, THOMAS ADDIS, lawyer, au
thor, was born April 24, 1764, in Ireland.
He was an Irish patriot who came to the
United States in 1804 and settled in New
York city, where he practiced law. He is
the author of Pieces of Irish History. He
died Nov. 14, 1827, in New York city.
EMMET, THOMAS ADDIS, civil engi
neer, author, was born June 4, 1818, in
New York city. In 1858 he was appointed
by the North Carolina legislature to con
duct the geological survey of that state.
He published valuable reports in connec
tion with the surveys of New York and
North Carolina; A Manual of Mineralogy
and Geology; and American Geology.
EMMET, THOMAS ADDIS, physician,
surgeon, author, was born May 29, 1828,
in Virginia. He is a physician and sur
geon of New York city, whose chief work
is The Principles and Practice of Gyne-
cology.
EMMETT, H. HUNTINGDON, clergy
man, lecturer, was born Jan. 31, 1852, in
the state of Maine. He received his edu
cation in the schools of Maine and New
Hampshire; and has filled pastorates in
New York, Ohio and Pennsylvania. He
has attained distinction as a popular ora
tor; and his lectures on the North Amer
ican Indian and other subjects have gain
ed for him a national reputation as one
of the most fluent, dramatic and cultured
men on the platform. He has been grand
worthy patriarch of the Sons of Temper
ance of western New York; and grand
chaplain of the Independent Order of
Good Templars of the state of Ohio.
EMMONS, EBENEZER, geologist, au
thor, was born May 16, 1799, in Middle-
field, Mass. He was a noted geologist who
in the latter part of his life was attached
to the state geological survey of North
Carolina. He was the author of Manual
of Mineralogy and Geology; and Ameri
can Geology. He died Oct. 1, 1863, in
Brunswick, N. C.
EMMONS, GEORGE FOSTER, naval
officer, author, was born Aug. 23, 1811, in
Clarendon, Vt. He was a rear-admiral in
the United States service who wrote The
Navy of the United States from 1775 to
1853. He died July 2, 1884, in Princeton,
N. J.
EMMONS, NATHANIEL, clergyman,
author, was born April 20, 1745, in East
Haddam, Conn. He was a once noted
congregational minister at Franklin,
Mass., in 1773-1840. His theological works
in six volumes, with Memoir by J. Ide,
appeared in 1842. He died Sept. 23, 1840.
EMMONS, SAMUEL FRANKLIN, ge
ologist, author, was born March 29, 1841,
in Boston, Mass. He was a geologist in
government service, and the author of
Descriptive Geology; Geological and Min
ing Industries of Leadville; and Statistics
and Technology of the Precious Metals.
EMMONS, WILLIS TALMON, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 27, 1858, in Bidde-
ford, Maine. He graduated from the law
school of Harvard university, and has at
tained success in his profession at Saco,
Maine. He has been city auditor; was
mayor for three terms; and during 1883-
91 was judge of the municipal court. Dur
ing 1891-95 he was deputy collector of
customs, port of Portland, Maine; and
since 1894 has been county attorney of
York county.
EMORY, JOHN, bishop, author, was
born April 11, 1789, in Queen Anne coun
ty, Md. He was a methodist bishop of
prominence in his denomination, and the
author of The Divinity of Christ Vindica
ted; and Defence of Our Fathers. He
died Dec. 17, 1835, in Reisterstown, Md.
EMORY, ROBERT, clergyman, educa
tor, author, was born July 29, 1814, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was the president
of Dickinson college of Carlisle, Pa., in
1842-48. He was the author of Life of
Bishop Emory; and History of the Dis
cipline of the Methodist Episcopal
Church. He died May 18, 1848, in Balti
more, Md.
EMORY, WILLIAM HELMSLEY, sol
dier, author, was born Sept. 9, 1811, in
Queen Anne county, Md. He was an army
officer who retired from the United States
service in 1876 with the rank of brigadier-
general, and was the author of Notes of a
Military Reconnoissance in Missouri and
California, 1848; and Report on the Unit
ed States and Mexican Boundary Commis
sion. He died Dec. 1, 1887, in Washing
ton, D. C.
EMORY, WILLIAM HELMSLEY, naval
officer, graduated at the United States
naval academy in 1866; became master in
1869; lieutenant in 1870; and in 1884
commanded the Bear of the Greely relief
expedition.
EMOTT, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 14, 1771, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He was a distin
guished member of the bar; under the old
constitution of New York, for several
years, filled the office of first judge of the
court of common pleas for his county,
and in that capacity gave that court a
rank among the best of the state. He was
a representative in congress from his na
tive state from 1809 to 1813; and under
the constitution of 1821 was appointed
judge for the second district. He died
April 7, 1850, in Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
EMOTT, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, was
born April 23, 1823, in Poughkeepsie, N.
Y. In 1854-55 he served as the first may
or of Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He then be
came justice of the New York supreme
court for the second judicial district;
was appointed presiding judge in 1852;
and judge of the court of appeals in 1863.
He died Sept. 11, 1884, in Poughkeepsie,
N. Y.
EMPIE, ADAM, college president, cler
gyman, was born Sept. 5, 1785, in Sche-
nectady, N. Y. In 1827 he was elected
president of William and Mary college,
and continued in that office until 1836.
He resigned the presidency to become
rector of St. James' church in Richmond,
Va. He died Nov. 6, 1860, in Wilming
ton.
EMRIE, J. REECE, congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was elected a repre
sentative from that state to the thirty-
fourth congress.
EMSWILER, GEORGE P., merchant,
author, was born Jan. 15, 1835, in York,
Pa. Since his youth he has been employed
in various capaci
ties—as dry goods
clerk, bank clerk,
school teacher,
freight and ticket
agent; and for
twelve years was
I proprietor of a
WJf I wholesale and retail
I business, in which
he has been emi
nently successful.
He has a most ex
tensive collection of
coins; and a large collection of mound
builders' relics which he donated to
Eastham college of Richmond, Ind. He
is the author of a volume entitled Poems
and Sketches; and has contributed ex
tensively to periodical literature.
ENDICOTT, CHARLES MOSES, au
thor, was born in 1793 in Danvers, Mass.
He was a writer of Salem, Mass., who was
at one time commander of a merchant
man, and the author of Life of John En-
dicott; The Persian Poet, a tragedy;
Rights and Duties of Nations; and Three
Orations. He died in Ia63 in Northamp
ton, Mass.
342
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ENDICOTT, JOHN, governor, was
born in 1588, in England. He became
governor of the Massachusetts colony in
1644. He died March 15, 1665, in Boston,
Mass.
ENDICOTT, WILLIAM CROWNIN-
SHIELD, lawyer, jurist, was born Nov.
19, 1827, in Salem, Mass. In 1873 he was
appointed associate justice of the su
preme judicial court of Massachusetts,
which office he held until 1882, when he
resigned. He was the democratic candi
date for governor of that state in 1884,
and was defeated; and in 1885 was ap
pointed secretary of war in the cabinet
of President Cleveland.
ENDRESS, CHRISTIAN, clergyman,
author, was born March 12, 1775, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He was a lutheran clergy
man of Lancaster, Pa., who published in
German The Kingdom of Heaven not
Susceptible of Union with Temporal Mon
archy and Aristocracy. He died Sept. 30,
1827, in Lancaster, Pa.
ENGELHARD. JOSEPH ADOLPHUS,
soldier, journalist, was born Sept. 27,
1832, in Monticello, Miss. He entered the
confederate army as captain and quar
termaster in 1861, and in 1862 was
promoted to be major and quartermaster
of Branch's brigade. He became the ed
itor of the Wilmington Journal in 1865,
and was afterward elected secretary of
state, which office he held till his death.
He died Feb. 17, 1879, in Raleigh, N. C.
ENGELHARDT, FRANCIS ERNEST,
chemist, was born June 23, 1835, in Han
over. In 1886 he became chemist to the
Genesee Salt company, and is one of the
experts for the state board of health.
ENGELMANN, GEORGE, physician,
botanist, was born Feb. 2, 1809, in Ger
many. He made a specialty of botany;
and a list of his botanical papers num
ber about one hundred titles. His bo
tanical collection was given to Shaw's
Botanical garden; and his gift led to the
founding of the Shaw School of Botany as
a department of the Washington univer
sity of St. Louis, Mo. He died Feb. 11,
1884, in St. Louis, Mo.
ENGELMANN, GEORGE JULIUS, phy-
sycian, author, was born July 2, 1847, in
St. Louis, Mo. He is a St. Louis physi
cian, founder of the Polyclinic School of
Medicine in that city, and the author of
Labor among Primitive Peoples, or the
Development of Obstetric Science.
ENGLAND, JOHN, bishop, author, was
born Sept. 23, 1786, in Ireland. He was
a Roman catholic prelate who was ap
pointed bishop of Charleston in 1820, and
came to America in that year. He is the
author of Letters on Slavery. He died
April 11, 1842, in Charleston, S. C.
ENGLE, FREDERICK, naval officer,
was born in 1799 in Delaware county, Pa.
In 1814 he entered the navy as a mid
shipman and was retired in 1866 as rear
admiral. Prior to his death he was gov
ernor of the naval asylum. He died Feb.
12, 1868, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ENGLE, PERRY, physician, journalist,
legislator, was born July 16, 1841. in Ben-
ton Ridge, Ohio. He served as a member
of the Ohio state senate; and was presi
dent of the National Liberty league.
ENGLES, WILLIAM MORRISON, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 12, 1797, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a presbyterian
minister of Philadelphia, for many years
editor of The Presbyterian, and author of
Records of the Presbyterian Church; En
glish Marty rology; Sick-Room Devotion;
Bible Dictionary; Sailor's Companion;
and Soldier's Pocket Book. He died Nov.
27, 1867.
ENGLISH, CHARLES J., journalist,
clergyman, was born Jan. 30, 1855, in No-
dana county, Mo. Since 1886 he has been
a clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church, and now fills a pastorate in Col-
fax, Iowa. He has filled various offices
in the Iowa State Epworth league, and
served one year as its president.
ENGLISH, EARL, naval officer, was
born Feb. 18, 1824, in Crosswick, N. J.
He was commissioned captain in 1871,
commodore in 1880, and rear admiral in
1884, at which time he resigned the office
of chief of the bureau of equipment and
recruiting, which he had held for six
years. He then took command of the
European station, and was retired in 1886.
ENGLISH, GEORGE BETHUNE, ad
venturer, author, was born March 7,
1787, in Cambridge, Mass. He was a ver
satile adventurer who wrote The Grounds
of Christianity Examined, which was an
swered by Edward Everett, and this
brought a rejoinder from English enti
tled Five Smooth Stones Out of the
Brook. He published also Narrative of
the Expedition to Dongola and Sennaar.
He died Sept. 20, 1828, in Washington,
D. C.
ENGLISH, JAMES EDWARD, manu
facturer, merchant, congressman, gover
nor, was born March 13, 1812, in New Ha
ven, Conn. In 1855 he was a member of
the legislature of Connecticut; in 1856
was elected to the state senate, and de
clined a re-election. He was elected a
representative from his native state to
the thirty-seventh congress, and re-elect
ed to the thirty-eighth congress. He was
elected governor of Connecticut in 1867,
1868, and 1870; and in 1875 was appointed
a senator in congress to fill a vacancy.
ENGLISH, JOSIAH GIBERTON, sol
dier, clergyman, poet, was born in No
vember, 1838, in Williamstown, N. Y. He
served as a union soldier during the civil
war. He has filled a pastorate in Xenia,
Ohio; and is the author of a law text
book entitled The Origin and End of Civil
Government; a novel; and a volume of
poems.
ENGLISH, ROBERT BRECKEN-
RIDGE, lawyer, state legislator, was born
Dec. 30, 1853, in Jersey county, 111. He
is a successful lawyer of Hardin, 111.; and
in 1897 was elected a member of the Illi
nois state legislature.
ENGLISH, THOMAS DUNN, lawyer,
physician, congressman, journalist, author,
poet, was born June 29, 1819, in Philadel
phia, Pa. For several
years he practiced
medicine; and In
1842 was admitted to
the bar. In 1844 he
edited a daily paper
in New York; and
since that time has
principally been en
gaged in journalism
and authorship in
Newark, N. J. In
1863-64 he served in
the New Jersey leg
islature; and was subsequently elected to
the fifty-second and fifty-third congresses
as a democrat. His principal novels are
Walter Wolf; Ambrose Fecit; and Jacob
Schuyler's Millions. His poems have been
published in volumes known as American
Ballads; Boys' Book of Battle Lyrics;
and Select Poems; and also a collection
of his fairy tales called Once Upon a
Time. His song of Ben Bolt, written In
1843, has achieved world-wide renown;
and his patriotic ballad of 1860-64 at
tracted much attention.
ENGLISH, WARREN B., soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born May 1,
1846, in Charlestown, Va. He served in
the confederate army. He afterward
moved to Oakland, Cal.; and in 1877 was
elected a member of the board of super
visors of Contra Costa county, and served
four years. He was elected state sena
tor in 1882; in 1884 was a delegate to the
national democratic convention in Chi
cago; and subsequently was elected to
the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
ENGLISH, WILLIAM E., business man,
legislator, author, is a son of William H.
English, statesman and historian, and
was born Nov. 3,
1854, in Lexington,
Ind. Since his child
hood he has resided
in Indianapolis, Ind.,
where he controls
large financial inter
ests, being the own
er of English's Op
era-house, English's
hotel, English's block
and numerous other
buildings. In 1878
he was elected a rep
resentative in the Indiana state legisla
ture; and in 1882 was elected a represent
ative in the United States congress. He
was a delegate to the national democrat
ic conventions of 1892 and 1896. He is
park commissioner of the city of In
dianapolis. He is the author of The His
tory of Early Masonry in Indiana, and
various other works.
ENGLISH, WILLIAM H., lawyer,
statesman, historian, financier, was born
Aug. 27, 1822, in Lexington, Ind. He was
secretary of the In
diana constitutional
convention in 1850;
speaker of the In
diana house of rep
resentatives in 1851;
a member of the
United States con
gress during 1852-60;
and in 1880 was the
democratic nominee
for vice-president of
the United States.
For fourteen years
he was president of the First National
bank of Indianapolis; was president of
the Indiana Historical society; and the
author of the noted work entitled Con
quest of the Northwest and History of
Indiana. He died Feb. 7, 1896, in In
dianapolis, Ind.
ENLOE, BENJAMIN AUGUSTINE,
lawyer, journalist, congressman, was
born Jan. 18, 1848, in Clarksburg, Tenn.
He was elected a member of the house of
representatives of the general assembly of
the state, at the age of twenty-one years;
and re-elected under the new constitution
of 1870. He was president of the Tennes
see Press association in 1883-84: and ed
ited the Jackson Tribune and Sun from
1874 till 1886. He was elected to the fif
tieth, fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-
third congresses as a democrat.
ENNEKING, JOHN JOSEPH, artist,
was born Oct. 4, 1841, in Minster, Ohio.
Among his notable works are November
Twilight; Winter Twilight; Summer Twi
light; Cloudy Day in Summer; The Com
ing Storm; and Indian Summer.
ENOCHS, WILLIAM H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born March 29,
1842, in Middleburg, Ohio. He served
through the civil war as private, corporal,
sergeant, lieutenant, captain, lieutenant-
colonel, colonel, and brevet brigadier-gen
eral. He was elected to the fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses as a republican.
He died July 13, 1893, in Ironton, Ohio.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
343
ENDS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, law
yer, was born Oct. 1, 1851, in Defiance,
Ohio. He attended the union schools of
his native city, and graduated from the
business college of Toledo, Ohio. In 1873
he was admitted to the bar; was elected
city solicitor of Defiance in 1879, and
held that position for eight successive
terms; and in 1880 was elected as prose
cuting attorney, which position he filled
with distinction for two terms.
ENSOR, THOMAS HERA, lawyer, ora
tor, was born Nov. 13, 1855, in Baltimore
county, Md. For many years he was a
high school professor^ has been railroad
attorney; and for five years was attorney
for several large Chicago corporations.
He has been prominent in political af
fairs, and in the campaign of 1896 lectured
extensively under the direction of the
national democratic committee, and
gained a national reputation as an able
orator. For twenty years he has been a
regular contributor to law literature and
the periodical press; and is one of the
leading lawyers of Missouri.
ENYART, CHARLES FRANCIS, educa
tor, college president, clergyman, was
born Feb. 9, 1865, near Logansport, Ind.
He reorganized the Hillsboro college of
Ohio, and was its president in 1895. He
now nils a pastorate in the methodist
episcopal church at Georgetown, Ohio.
EPES, JAMES FLETCHER, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born May 23,
1842, in Nottoway county, Va. He re
ceived a thorough
education and grad
uated from the uni
versity of Virginia.
During the civil war
he served in the
cavalry branch of
the confederate ser-
vice; had three
horses shot from
under him and re
ceived two bullet
wounds. After the
war he became a
prominent member of the bar; and served
with distinction in the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat. He
has now retired from active life and lives
on a farm owned in former years by his
father, in Nottoway county, Va.
EPES, SYDNEY P., journalist, con
gressman, was born Aug. 20, 1865, in Not
toway county, Va. He was elected in 1891
a member of the general assembly to rep
resent the counties of Nottoway and
Amelia; was appointed in 1895 register
of the land office to fill an unexpired
term, and at the following session of the
general assembly was elected by accla
mation for the full term; and before the
expiration of his term he was elected to
the fiiiy-fifth congress as a democrat.
EPPERSON, ELMER H., farmer, state
legislator, was born Nov. 11, 1852, in Ben-
ton county, Iowa. In 1870 he moved to
Kansas, where he is a successful farmer
In Scott county. During 1896-97 he was
a member of the Kansas state legislature.
EPPES, JOHN WAYLES, congressman,
United States senator, was born in 1773
In Virginia. He was a representative in
congress from Virginia from 1803 to 1811,
and again from 1813 to 1815. He was a
senator in congress from 1817 to 1819,
when he resigned because of ill health.
He died Sept. 20, 1823, in Richmond, Va.
ERBEN, PETER, organist, was born In
1771, in Philadelphia, Pa. He became an
organ builder; and was also organist in
Trinity parish from 1807 till 1839. He
died in 1863 in New York city.
ERDMAN, CONSTANTINE J., lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 4, 1846, In
Lehigh county, Pa. He attended the
common schools of
the district and a
classical school at
Quakertown; enter
ed Pennsylvania col
lege, Gettysburg, In
1861, and graduated
in 1865; read law,
and was admitted to
the bar of Lehigh in
^ I 1867, and since has
^^B practiced there. He
B „ was elected district
attorney in 1874;
and was elected to the fifty-third and fif
ty-fourth congresses as a democrat.
ERDMAN, JACOB, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1845 to 1847. He died July 20, 1867,
in Lehigh county, Pa.
ERICSSON, JOHN, engineer, inventor,
was born July 31, 1803, in Sweden. To
this skilled inventor belongs much of the
success of the late civil war, by the build
ing of his iron-clad turret, the Monitor,
just in time to defeat the Merrimac, and
thus save the ports of the north from
southern or from foreign invasion. He
died in 1896.
ERMENTROUT, DANIEL, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan.
24, 1837, in Reading, Pa. He was elected
district attorney of
Berks county for
three years in 1862;
was solicitor for the
city of Reading in
1867-1870. He was
elected to the state
senate of Pennsyl
vania in 1873 for a
term of three years,
and re-elected in
1876 for four years.
He was a member of
the board of school
control of Reading for many years; and
was appointed in 1877 a member of the
Pennsylvania statutory commission. He
was in 1880 elected as a democrat to rep
resent Berks county in the forty-seventh
congress, and successively in the forty-
eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, and fifty-fifth
congresses.
ERNST, LOUIS, soldier, financier, was
born July 19, 1825, in Germany. He served
in the civil war and attained the rank of
lieutenant-colonel. From 1874-76 he was
president of the Rochester German Insur
ance company. He died April 3, 1892, in
Rochester, N. Y.
ERNST, OSWALD HUBER'i, engineer,
author, was born June 27, 1842, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio. He is a military engineer
with the rank of major, and the author of
A Manual of Practical Military Engineer
ing.
ERRANI. ACHILLE, musician, was
born Aug. 20, 1823, in France. He settled
In New York as a teacher of the Italian
style of singing. His most famous pupils
are Minnie Hauck, Miss Thursby, Mme.
Durand and Stella Bonheur.
ERRETT, ISAAC, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 2, 1820, in New York city.
He was a Campbellite clergyman of Cin
cinnati, and the author of Debate on Spir
itualism; Brief View of Missions; Walks
about Jerusalem; Talks to Bereans; Let
ters to Young Christians; and Evenings
with the Bible. He died Dec. 19, 1880, in
Cincinnati, Ohio.
ERRETT, RUSSELL, journalist, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1817 in
New York. He adopted the profession of
an editor; was comptroller of Pittsburg
in 1860; and clerk of the state senate In
1860 and 1861. He served in the union
army, as additional paymaster, from 1861
to 1866. He was a state senator in 1867;
was assessor of internal revenue from
1869 to 1873; and again clerk of the state
senate from 1872 to 1876. He was elect
ed a representative from Pennsylvania to
the forty-fifth, forty-sixth and forty-sev
enth congresses as a republican.
ERSKINE, EBENEZER, clergyman,
was born Jan. 31, 1821, in Ridley Park,
Pa. In 1870 he was called to the church
in Newville, Pa. He was moderator of
the synod of Harrisburg, and in 1878 be
came a director of the Princeton Theolog
ical seminary.
ERSKINE, JOHN, jurist, was born in
Ireland. He resided at Atlanta, Ga. ; and
in 1866 was appointed United States judge
for the district of Georgia.
ERSKINE, MASSENA BERTHIER,
manufacturer, was born Dec. 19, 1819, in
Royalton, Mass. He is president of the
Racine Wagon and Carriage company and
the Manufacturers' National bank of Ra
cine, Wis. In all the affairs of Racine he
has taken a lively interest, and served as
mayor in 1869-70, 1871 and 1879.
ERVIN, JAMES, lawyer, congressman,
was born Oct. 17, 1778, in Williamsburg
district, S. C. He served in the state leg
islature in 1801 and 1802, and from 1804
to 1816; was a solicitor of the northern
circuit; and for eight years was a trustee
of the South Carolina college. He was a
representative in congress from South
Carolina from 1817 to 1821. He died July
7, 1841, near Darlington, S. C.
ERVING. GEORGE WILLIAM, diplo
mat, was born in 1771 in Boston, Mass.
He was made consul to London by Jeffer
son; was secretary of legation to Spain
in 1804; special minister to Denmark in
1811; and minister to Spain in 1814. He
died in July, 1850, in New York.
ERVING, JOHN, merchant, was born
in 1693 in Scotland. He was one of the
wealthiest and most distinguished mer
chants of Boston, and was a member of
the council of Massachusetts for twenty
years. He died Aug. 12, 1786, in Boston,
Mass.
ERWIN. ALEXANDER R.. clergyman,
educator, was born Jan. 12, 1820, in Louisi
ana. He occupied a high rank in the
ministry, and presided over the Clarks-
ville Female academy and the Huntsville
Female college. He died Jan. 10, I860, In
Huntsville, Ala.
ERWIN, DAVID, jurist. He was an
early emigrant to Michigan; and in 1832
was appointed judge for the territory of
Michigan.
ERWIN, GEORGE Z., lawyer, state
senator, was born Jan. 15, 1840, in Madi
son, N. Y. He has been trustee of the
village, chief of the fire department, and a
member of the local board of the normal
training school of Potsdam, N. Y. In 1881
he was elected to the assembly from St.
Lawrence county, and in 1887 to the state
senate.
ERWIN, ROBERT WESLEY, physician,
surgeon, was born May 24, 1842, in Lacey-
ville, Ohio. In 1868 he graduated from the
Ohio university with the degree of B. S.;
and in 1870 from the Bellevue Hospital
Medical college of New York city, with
the degree of M. D. During the civil war
he served as a volunteer soldier in an
Ohio regiment. He has attained success
as a physician in Bay City, Mich.; and
has served as United States examining
surgeon.
344
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ESHER, JOHN JACOB, clergyman,
bishop, was born Dec. 11, 1823, in France.
He was the first agent ot the Northwest
ern college, and started that institution
of learning. He has been editor of sever
al German religious publications; and has
edited the Sunday-School and Juvenile
Literature of his church, of which denom
ination he has been bishop for the past
thirty-four years.
ESKRIDGE, THOMAS P., lawyer, ju
rist. He was appointed United States
judge for the territory of Arkansas, serv
ing in that capacity as late as 1831.
ESLING, MRS. CATHERINE HAR-
BESON, author, was born April 12, 1812,
in Philadelphia, Pa. She was a poet of
Philadelphia who published The Broken
Bracelet and Other Poems in 1850.
ESLING, CHARLES HENRY AUGUS
TINE, lawyer, diplomat, author, poet, was
born Jan. 21, 1845, in Philadelphia, Pa.
For twenty years he practiced law in his
native city; and has been honored on two
occasions with diplomatic commissions
abroad. He is the author of Life of Saint
Germaine Cousin, The Shepherdess of
Pibrae.
ESPY, JAMES POLLARD, meteorolo
gist, author, was born in 1785 in Penn
sylvania. He was a meteorologist of Phil
adelphia, sometimes called the storm
king, who published The Philosophy of
Storms. He died Jan. 24, 1860, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio.
ESPY, JOHN BOYD, soldier, lecturer,
clergyman, legislator, was born July 13,
1838, in Espyville, Pa. During the civil
war he served as captain in company H,
one hundred and forty-fifth regiment
Pennsylvania volunteer infantry. He was
twice a member of the Pennsylvania state
legislature. Since 1876 he has been a
clergyman in the methodist episcopal
church.
ESSICK, SAMUEL V., soldier, lawyer,
inventor, was born Jan. 19, 1841, in New
Franklin, Ohio. He served in the civil
war as a private. The most important
effort on which he entered was the inven
tion of the Essick printing telegraph, and
in 1889 a company was organized under
the name of the Essick Printing Tele
graph company.
ESTABROOK, E., lawyer, legislator,
congressman, poet, was born April 30,
1813, in Lebanon, N. H. In 1851 he was
elected attorney-general of Wisconsin; in
1854 was appointed United States attorney
for Nebraska by President Pierce; and in
1859 was elected to congress.
ESTABROOK, FRANCIS M., clergy
man, financier, was born Aug. 25, 1842,
in Rushville, 111. For thirty years he has
been a successful clergyman of the meth
odist episcopal church in Nebraska. He
is now the financial agent and treasurer
of the Nebraska Wesleyan university.
ESTE, DAVID KlHKPATRICK, jurist,
was born in 1785 in Morristown, N. J. He
removed to Ohio in 1809, settled in Cin
cinnati in 1814, and became a noted law
yer and jurisi. He died April 1, 1875, in
Cincinnati, Ohio.
ESTE, GEORGE PEABODY, soldier,
was born April 24, 1829, in Nashua, N. H.
He was a colonel in the fourteenth Ohio
infantry in 1862; and was promoted to
brigadier-general of volunteers in 1865.
tie died Feb. 6, 1881, in New York city.
ESTEP, EPHRAIM JAMES, lawyer,
was born Feb. 12, 1820, in Ohio. In 1853
he moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where he
remained for forty-two years, and became
one of the ablest lawyers in Ohio.
ESTERLY, GEORGE, inventor, was
born Oct. 17, 1809, in Plattekill, N. Y. He
built a harvesting machine, and soon be
gan to manufacture various agricultural
implements. Subsequently he obtained
numerous patents, and his establishment
at Whitewater, Wis., has become one of
the largest of its kind in the United
States.
ESTES, CHARLES, financier, was born
Feb. 2, 1819, in Vincent, N. Y. The Au
gusta canal, which yields 14,000 horse
power, was built practically through his
influence while he was mayor in 1870-76.
For seventeen years he managed the Au
gusta Land company as its president, and
of several other companies he is a direc
tor. The J. P. King Manufacturing com
pany, capital $1,000,0.00, which operates
large cotton mills in Augusta, Ga., is one
of his enterprises and he is its presi
dent.
ESTEY, JACOB, president and founder
of the Estey Organ company, was born
Sept. 30, 1814, in Hinsdale, N. H. The
works, now the largest of their class in
the world, form the nucleus of the village
of Esteyville, which derives its very exist
ence and daily bread from the operations
of the factory.
ESTEY, JULIUS JACOB, manufactur
er, state senator, was born Jan. 8, 1845,
in Brattleboro, Vt. He is a successful
manufacturer, and president of the Estey
Organ company. In 1876 he was a mem
ber of the Vermont legislature, and in
1882 a state senator. He has been lieu
tenant-colonel and colonel of the nation
al guard of Vermont; and was elected
brigade commander in 1892, 1894 and
1896.
ESTIL, BENJAMIN, congressman, was
born in Washington county, Va. He was
a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1825 to 1827.
ESTILL, JOHN HOLBROOK, journal
ist, was born Oct. 28, 1840, in Cnarleston,
S. C. In 1851 h.is father moved to Sa
vannah, where the
son learned the
^AMfe printing business.
\ During the war he
served with distinc-
R ^ g| tion in the confeder
ate army. In 1867
he secured control of
the well known
southern newspa
per, the Savannah
Morning News, and
built up one of the
most complete print
ing houses in the south. He is president
or director in a dozen corporations; coun
ty commissioner, member of the board of
education, and represents Georgia on the
national committee of the democratic par
ty. He has been lieutenant-colonel on the
governor's staff; is president of the Be-
thesda Orphan home; and is active in
many local enterprises.
ESTORGE, JOSEPH LEONARD, phy
sician, was born in 1830, in Opelousas,
La. He was appointed a surgeon in the
confederate army in the trans-Mississip
pi department, but was made a prisoner
at Fort de Russey. He died Aug. 21, 18isO,
in Opelousas, La.
ESTY, CONSTANTINE C., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 26,
1824, in Framingham, Mass. He was a
member of the state senate in 1857 and
1858, and of the house in 1867; and was
appointed a member of the state board
of education in 1871; and was elected to
the forty-second congress, as a represent
ative from Massachusetts.
ETHERIDGE, EMERSON, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 28, 1819, in
Currituck county, N. C. He was elected
to the state legislature for two years;
and in 1853 was elected a representative
from Tennessee to the thirty-third con
gress. He was re-elected to the thirty-
fourth and thirty-sixth congresses.
ETUE, PETER D., journalist, poet, was
born June 29, 1846, in McDonald county,
Mo. He established the Kansas City
Live Stock Indicator in 1878. He has
held many political positions in Kansas
City, Mo., including that of alderman
and member of the school board. His
poems have appeared in current newspa
pers and magazines.
EUSTIS, ABRAHAM, soldier, was born
March 28, 1786, in Petersburg, Va. He
was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for meri
torious services in 1813, became lieuten
ant-colonel of the fourth artillery in 1822,
brigadier-general in 1834, and a few
months later colonel of tiie first artillery.
He died June 27, 1843, in Portland, Maine.
EUSTIS, GEORGE, jurist, was born
Oct. 20, 1796, in Boston, Mass. He was
attorney-general of Louisiana, a member
of the constitutional convention of 1845,
and chief justice of the supreme court till
1852. He died Dec. 23, 1858 in New Or
leans.
EUSTIS, GEORGE, lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 28, 1828, in New Or
leans, La. He was elected a representa
tive to the thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth
congresses. During the rebellion he serv
ed as private secretary to John M. Mason,
when the latter was confederate commis
sioner to France. He died March 15, 1872,
in France.
EUSTIS, JAMES BIDDLE, soldier, law
yer, United States senator, was born Aug.
27, 1834, in New Orleans, La. He served
in the confederate army throughout the
war of the rebellion. He was elected a
representative in the legislature prior
to the passage of the reconstruction acts;
and was a representative in the state leg
islature in 1872. He was elected to the
state senate for four years in 1874. He
was elected to the United States senate
to fill a vacancy, and served from 1877 to
1879; and in 1885 was elected United
States senator from Louisiana for the full
term of six years.
EUSTIS, WILLIAM, soldier, physician,
congressman, governor, was born June
10, 1753, in Cambridge, Mass. At the be
ginning of the war he was appointed sur
geon of a regiment, and afterwards hos
pital surgeon. At the termination of the
war he commenced the practice of his
profession in Boston. In 1800 he was elect
ed a representative in congress from Mas
sachusetts, serving until 1805. In 1809 he
was appointed secretary of war by Presi
dent Madison, and continued in office un
til 1813. In 1815 he was sent as ambas
sador to Holland. After his return he
was a representative in congress from
1820 to 1823; and was chosen governor of
Massachusetts in 1823. He died Feb. 6,
1825, in Boston, Mass.
EUSTIS, WILLIAM HENRY, states
man, was born July 17, 1845, in Oxbrow,
N. Y. In 1890 he was elected mayor of
Minneapolis.
EVANS, ALBERT H., farmer, legisla
tor, was born June 2, 1851, in Morrow
county, Ohio. He is a successful farmer
of Tamawa. 111.; and in 1890 was elected a
member of the Illinois state legislature.
EVANS, ALEXANDER, civil engineer,
congressman, was born in Elkton, Md. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1847 to 1853.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
34&
EVANS, ALEXANDER, soldier, mer
chant, poet, was born Nov. 9, 1814, in
Middletown, Ky. He served in the army
in 1847-48, and in 1861 became major in
the confederate service. He is the author
of two volumes of poems entitled ^-Eneas;
and Fashions.
EVANS, ALONZO, journalist, was born
July 18, 1866, in Winneshiek county, Iowa.
He is the editor and owner of The Sun
of Lime Springs, Iowa; and takes a prom
inent part in the public affairs of his
county and state.
EVANS, CHARLES I., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 29, 1843, in Noxu-
bee county, Miss. He received his educa
tion at the Baylor university, Texas; and
the university of Virginia. In 1861 he en
tered the confederate army as a private;
served four years; and was promoted to
first lieutenant of artillery in 1863. He is
one of the leading lawyers of Texas, and
is prominently identified with the public
affairs of Dallas, where he has served
with distinction as district judge.
EVANS, DAVID E., congressman. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the twentieth congress, but re
signed.
EVANS, DAVID REID, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 20,
1769, in England. He served in the state
legislature from 1800 to 1803; and from
1804 to 1811 was solicitor for the middle
district of South Carolina. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1813 to 1815; and in 1818 and 1822
was a member of the state senate. He
died March 8, 1843, in South Carolina.
EVANS, DE SCOTT, artist, was born
March 28, 1847, in Boston, Ind. He opened
a studio in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1874, and
became instructor and. co-director in the
Academy of Fine Arts of Cleveland, Ohio.
He is especially skillful in painting dra
peries. His genre pictures include The
First Snowfall; Grandma's Visitors; and
Day Before the Wedding.
EVANS, DUDLEY, legislator, was born
Jan. 27, 1838, in Monongalia county, W.
Va. During the war he was a member of
the Virginia legislature. In 1891 he was
elected one of the board of directors, and
made second vice-president of the Wells-
Fargo and Co. of New York city.
EVANS, EDWARD PAYSON, author,
was born Dec. 8, 1833, in Remsen, N. Y.
He is an Oriental scholar who has lived
chiefly in Europe, and the author of Ab-
riss der Deutschen Literaturgeschichte;
Progressive German Reader; and transla
tion of Stahr's Life and Works of Les-
sing.
EVANS, MRS. ELIZABETH EDSON
(GIBSON), author, was born March 8,
1833, in Newport, N. H. She is the author
of The Abuse of Maternity; Laura, an
American Girl; The Story of Kaspar Hau-
ser; and The Story of Louis XVII. of
France.
EVANS, ELIZABETH HEWLINGS,
poet, was born in 1818, in Philadelphia,
Pa. A volume of her poems, with a pref
ace by her brother, the Rev. Thomas H.
Stockton, was published shortly before
her death. She died in 1855 in Philadel
phia, Pa.
EVANS, FREDERICK WILLIAM, lec
turer, author, was born June 9, 1808, in
England. He was an elder among the
Shakers of Lebanon, N. Y., from 1838.
He is the author of Compendium of Ori
gin, History and Doctrines of Shakers;
Shaker Communism; Autobiography of a
Shaker; Second Appearing of Christ; and
Test of Divine Inspiration, which are his
chief works. He died in 1893.
EVANS, GEORGE, lawyer, congress
man, United States senator, was born Jan.
12, 1797, in Hallowell, Maine. In 1825 he
was I'lcrird a niciii-
• " her of the Maine
state legislature, and
acted a leading part
for four consecutive
years, and was elect
ed speaker of the
house in the latter
year. In 1829 he
was elected to con
gress; served seven
successive terms;
and was then elect
ed to the senate of
the United States. He was a candidate for
the vice-presidency when General Taylor
was put in nomination for president. Af
ter eighteen years of service in congress
he returned to his own state and his pro
fession; and was attorney-general of
Maine for three years. He was the first
president of the Portland and Kennebec
railway; and was a trustee and a mem
ber of the board of overseers of Bowdoin
college. He died April 6, 1867, in Port
land, Maine.
EVANS, GEORGE SPITTELL, clergy
man, litterateur, was born June 3, 1869,
in England. He studied at St. Mark's and
afterward at St.
John's national
schools of London,
England; and subse
quently took a theo
logical course in the
0 b e r 1 i n college,
Ohio. During 1887-
90 he preached with
success in North
Kensington, Lon
don, England; dur
ing 1890-92 he filled
a pastorate in Black
Creek, N. Y.; Lake Benton, Minn., in
1894; when he took charge of a church at
Hudson, S. D. He has lectured extensive
ly in Europe and America; and ha.s held
the position of instructor of political
economy for Lincoln county, Minn.; and
as state visitor for Carleton college, Min
nesota. He has contributed extensively
to church literature.
EVANS, H. CLAY, soldier, manufactur
er, congressman, was born JuneflS, 1843,
in Juniata county, Pa. He was an en
listed man in the forty-first Wisconsin
infantry during the late war; and was
twice elected mayor of Chattanooga. He
was elected to the fifty-first congress as
a republican.
EVANS, HENRY G., journalist, was
born in 1812. He was co-editor and pro
prietor of the New York Evening Mirror
almost from the beginning of its career
to its close, and was one of the best wri
ters for the daily press in the city. He
died Aug. 14, 1869, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
EVANS, HUGH DAVY, lawyer, author,
was born April 26, 1792, in Baltimore, Md.
He was a Baltimore lawyer, conspicuous
for loyalty to the union during the civil
war, who wrote on legal and high church
topics. He was the author of Essay on
Pleading; Maryland Common Law Prac
tice; Essay on the Episcopate; Treatise
on the Christian Doctrine of Marriage;
Essays on the Validity of Anglican Ordi
nation; and Theophilus Americanus. He
died July 16, 1868, in Baltimore, Md.
EVANS, I. NEWTON, physician, bank
er, congressman, was born July 29, 1827,
in Chester county, Pa. He was president
of the Hatboro National bank; and was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the forty-fifth, forty-eighth and
forty-ninth congresses as a republican.
EVANS, JAMES LAFAYETTE, mer
chant, congressman, was born March 27,
1825, in Harrison county, Ky. He was
elected a representative from Indiana in
the forty-fourth congress. He was re-
elected to the forty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
EVANS, JERVICE G., clergyman, edu
cator, college president, was born Dec. 19,
1833, in Marshall county, 111. In 1854 he
entered the ministry
of the methodist
episcopal church. In
1872 he accepted the
presidency of Hed-
ding college of Ab-
ingdon, 111., which
he filled for six
years. He was then
elected president of
the Chaddock col
lege, but returned to
the pastorate the
following year. In
1889 he accepted for the second time the
presidency of Hedding college, which posi
tion he still fills. Dr. Evans holds his mem
bership in the Central Illinois conference,
in which ne has held numerous positions
of honor. His published writings have been
largely in the form of pamphlets, lec
tures and sermons; and a volume entitled
The Pulpit and Politics. His other publi
cations have been: The Woman Ques
tion; Tobacco; The Liquor Traffic Indict
ed; Pleas for License; The Sources of
Culture; Genesis and Geology; and the
Divine Foreknowledge. He has been
prominently identified with the prohibi
tion party; in 1888 he was chairman of
the Illinois state convention of that par
ty; and chairman as. the state delegation
to the national convention; and in 1894
was their candidate for United States sen
ator.
EVANS, JOE, artist, was born in 1857
in New York city. During 1891-94 he was
president of the Art Students' league of
New York; 1892-94 was secretary of the
Society of American Artists; and since
1894 vice-president of the American Fine
Arts society.
EVANS, JOHN, congressman. He was
a delegate to the continental congress
from Delaware, from 1776 to 1777.
EVANS, JOHN, geologist, was born
Feb. 14, 1812, in Portsmouth, N. H. He
discovered fossil bones of extinct species;
made geological surveys of Washington
and Oregon; and was geologist to Chi-
riqui commission. He died April 13, 1861,
in Washington, D. C.
EVANS, JOHN, physician, governor,
was born March 9, 1814, in Waynesville,
Colo. Becoming known for public spirit,
he was elected to tne Chicago city council
in 1852. The city of Evanston was found
ed by him as a site for the Northwestern
university, and his extensive real estate
investments there brought him a large
return. The Chicago and Fort Wayne rail
road was projected and built by him and
others. In 1862 an important change in
his career grew out of an appointment by
President Lincoln as governor of the then
territory of Colorado.
EVANS, JOHN G., planter, lawyer, leg
islator, governor, was born Oct. 15, 1863,
in Cokesbury, S. C. He is a successful
lawyer and planter of Aiken, S. C. In
1888 he became a member of the house
of representatives of South Carolina; was
re-elected in 1890; and in 1892 was elect
ed to the state senate. In 1894 he was
elected governor of the state or South
Carolina, and served in that office with
distinction.
346
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
EVANS, JOHN H., banker, state sena
tor, was born Dec. 12, 1848, in North
Wales. In 1866 he located in Racine,
Wis.; and for many
years was connected
with his father,
Richard J. Evans, in
the tanning busi
ness. In 1878 he en
gaged in the steam
^__^_^^^_ laundry business in
•Pk Omaha, Neb., and is
^^^- now president of the
Evans Laundry com
panies of Omaha,
Lincoln and Council
Bluffs. He is also
president of the National Bank of Com
merce of Omaha; and president of various
other business institutions in Nebraska
and Florida. In 1895 he was elected a
member of the lower house of the Nebras
ka state legislature; and in 1896 was
elected to the state senate.
EVANS, JOSHUA, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1829 to 1833.
EVANS, JOSIAH JAMES, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, United States senator,
was born Nov. 27, 1786, in Marlborough.
S. C. In 1812, 1813, and 1816 he was elect
ed to the legislature; and by that body
was made solicitor for the state from his
district, which position he held for thir
teen years. In 1830 he was chosen a
judge of the supreme court, which office
he held until 1852, when he was elected
to the United States senate for the term
ending in 1859. He died May 6, 1858.
EVANS, LEMUEL D., congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was elected
a representative from Texas to the thirty-
fourth congress.
EVANS, LEWIS, surveyor, author, was
born about 1700. He was a surveyor and
geographer of Philadelphia, who pub
lished Geographical, Historical, Political,
and Mechanical Essays. He died in June,
1756.
EVANS, MRS. LIZZIE PHELPS ES-
TERBROOK, author, was born in 1846, in
Massachusetts. She is a writer of Somer-
ville, Mass., and the author of Aunt Nab-
by; and From Summer to Summer.
EVANS, MARY LOUISE FROST
ORMSBY, educator, journalist, lecturer,
was born in 1848, in Albany, N. Y. After
completing a classical course in Vassar
college, she became principal of the Sea-
bury seminary of New York city. She
was a delegate of the. Human Freedom
league; the peace congress of 1892; and
in 1893 a delegate for the educational con
gress; and subsequently a delegate to the
woman's congress, and was eight times a
delegate to Europe. She has been presi
dent of the International Peace league;
vice-president of the Universal Peace
union; and vice-president of the Wo
man's National Press association. She
has made a national reputation as a lec
turer, journalist and philanthropist, and
is now associate editor of The Rhode
Islander, of which her husband is editor
and owner.
EVANS, NATHAN, lawyer, congress
man, was born June 24, 1804, in Belmont
county, Ohio. He was prosecuting at
torney for Guernsey county for four years.
He was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1847 to 1849.
EVANS, NATHAN GEORGE, soldier,
was born Feb. 6, 1824, in Marion, S. C.
He distinguished himself in the war of
1858; and resigned in 1861 to enter the
confederate service. He attained the rank
of brigadier-general; and surrendered
with Lee in 1865. He died Nov. 30, 1868,
in Midway, Ala.
EVANS, OLIVER, inventor, author,
was born in 1755, in Newport, Del. He
was a once famous inventor who con
structed the first high-pressure steam-
engine; and the author of The Young
Engineer's Guide; and Miller and Mill
wright's Guide. He died April 21, 1819,
in New York city.
EVANS, PERCY NORTON, educator,
author, was born Sept. 6, 1869, in Mon
treal, Canada. Since 1895 he has been pro
fessor of chemistry in the Purdue univer
sity of Lafayette, Ind. He is the author
of An Introductory Course in Quantita
tive Analysis; and has contributed to va
rious scientific journals.
EVANS, ROBLEY D., naval officer, was
born in Iowa. He had command of the
flagship Iowa during the Spanish-Ameri
can war of 1898.
EVANS, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1797 to 1801.
EVANS, THOMAS, author, was born in
1798, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a Qua
ker controversialist of Philadelphia who
was an active opponent of the doctrines of
Thomas Hicks; and published an Expo
sition of the Faith of the Religious So
ciety of Friends. He died May 25, 1868.
EVANS, THOMAS WILTBERGER, den
tist, author, was born Dec. 23, 1823, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a famous den
tist, resident in Paris since 1848, through
whose aid the Empress Eugenie escaped
from that city in 1870. He is the author
of History of the American Ambulance in
Paris during the Siege, 1870-71; Sanitary
Institutions during the Austro-Prussian-
Italian Conflict, 1868; Lettres sur le Gouv-
ernement des Etats Unis; and La Com
mission Sanitaire des Etats Unis.
EVANS, WALTER, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 18, 1842, in
Barren county, Ky. He entered the union
army in 1861 and
I served throughout
I the civil war. After
I the close of the war
I he was engaged in
••l <P I the practice of law
I at Hopkinsville, Ky.;
^_^^ I was a delegate to the
republican national
conventions of 1868,
1872, and 1880; and
in 1871 was elected
a representative in
the state legislature.
In 1872 he was elected a state senator. He
removed to Louisville; and in 1883 was
appointed commissioner of internal reve
nue in the treasury department at Wash
ington. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
and fifty-fifth congresses as a republican.
He was one of the committee that pre
pared the Dingley tariff bill.
EVARTS, JEREMIAH, philanthropist,
was born Feb. 3, 1781, in Sunderland, Vt.
He taught school; practiced law; and in
1820 edited the Missionary Herald. He
wrote twenty-four essays on the Rights
of Indians, which appeared under the sig
nature of William Penn. He died May 10,
1831, in Charleston, S. C.
EVARTS, WILLIAM MAXWELL, law
yer. United States senator, was born Feb.
6, 1818, in Boston, Mass. He was the lead-
Ing counsel employed to defend President
Johnson in his trial before the senate;
and was attorney-general of the United
States from 1868 to 1869, when he re
signed. He was one of the three lawyers
appointed to defend the interests of the
United States before the tribunal of arbi
tration at Geneva in 1871 to settle the
Alabama claims; and was one of the
counsel who defended Henry Ward Beech-
er in 1875. In 1875 he was invited by the
centennial commission to deliver the
opening oration at the exposition in 1876.
He was secretary of state under President
Hayes from 1877 to 1881. In 1885 he was
elected United States senator from New
York for six years from March 4, 1885,
and has since been re-elected twice to the
same office.
EVE, MARIA LOU. author, poet, was
born about 1848 near Augusta, Ga. In 1879
she wrote a prize poem entitled Conquered
at Last, expressing gratitude for north
ern aid during the yellow-fever epidemic
of 1878.
EVE, PAUL FITZSIMMONS, physician,
surgeon, author, was born June 27, 1806.
near Augusta, Ga. He was a distinguished
surgeon of Nashville during the civil war,
surgeon-general of the confederate army
of Tennessee; and the author of Collec
tion of Remarkable Cases in Surgery; One
Hundred Cases of Lithotomy; and The In
humanity of Capital Punishment by
Hanging. He died Nov. 3, 1877, in Nash
ville, Tenn.
EVE, ROBERT CAMPBELL, educator,
physician, author, was born May 15, 1843,
in Augusta, Ga. He became professor of
materia medica and medical jurisprudence
in the Georgia Medical college. He has
written on the Influence of the Ovaria
in Uterine Disorders; Epilepsy; and Ton
ic Properties of Mercury in Minute Doses.
EVELEIGH, NICHOLAS, congressman.
He was a delegate from South Carolina to
the continental congress from 1781 to 1782.
EVERALL, JOHN, farmer, educator,
state senator, was born April 20, 1839, in
England. He is a successful farmer of
Farmersburg, Iowa; and was county su
perintendent of schools for four years;
county auditor for six years; and served
with distinction as a member of the Iowa
state senate for eight years.
EVERARD, RICHARD, governor, was
born in England. He was governor of
North Carolina during 1725-29. He died
Feb. 17, 1733, in London, England.
EVEREST, CHARLES W., clergyman,
educator, poet, was born May 27, 1814,
in East Windsor, Conn. He was a suc
cessful clergyman and educator; and for
many years had charge of the Rectory
School of Hamden, Conn. His poems
have been a valuable acquisition to Amer
ican literature.
EVEREST, HARVEY WILLIAM, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born in
1831 in New York. He is a clergyman
and educator of the Christian denomina
tion; and the author of The Divine Dem
onstration; and a Text-Book of Christian
Evidence.
EVERETT, ALEXANDER HILL, diplo
mat, journalist, author, was born March
19, 1792, in Boston, Mass. He became
charge d'affaires at
Brussels in 1818;
and from 1825 to
1829 was minister. In
1829 he was editor
and principal pro
prietor of the North
American Review,
to which he had long
been a contributor.
From 1830 to 1835 he
was a member of the
state legislature; and
from 1845 until his
death was commissioner to China. He
published Europe; America; New Views
on Population. He died June 29, 1847, in
Canton, China.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
347
EVERETT, AMBROSE SPRAGUE, sol
dier, physician, surgeon, was born May 17,
1841, in West Almond, N. Y. He served
as a union soldier during the civil war;
was first lieutenant of company B, one
hundred and eighth regiment, New 'York
state volunteers; and captain of company
G of the same regiment. He was acting
inspector-general of the second brigade,
third division of the second army corps.
He has attained distinction as one of the
leading physicians and surgeons of the
United States, and has a large practice in
Denver, Colo. He has been professor of
surgical anatomy; president of the West
ern Academy of Homoeopathy; is a mem
ber of the leading medical bodies; and has
been surgeon-general of the Grand Army
of the Republic and various fraternal or
ders.
EVERETT, CHARLES CARROLL, cler
gyman, author, was born in June, 1829, in
Brunswick, Maine. He is a Unitarian cler
gyman of Cambridge, dean of the theolog
ical faculty of Harvard university from
1878, and a profound and independent
philosophical thinker. He is the author of
The Science of Thought; Religions before
Christianity; Fichte's Science of Knowl
edge, a Critical Exposition; Poetry, Com
edy, and Duty; Ethics for Young People;
and The Gospel of Paul.
EVERETT, DAVID, journalist, author,
was born March 29, 1770, in Princeton,
Mass. He was a Boston journalist; and
the author of Common Sense in Disha
bille', or the Farmer's Monitor; and Dar-
anzel, or the Persian Poet, a tragedy. He
died Dec. 21, 1813, in Marietta, Ohio.
EVERETT, EDWARD, educator, college
president, governor, was born April 11,
1794, in Dorchester, Mass. He was a dis-
_ tinguished Massa
chusetts statesman
famous for his ora
tory. He was or
dained to the unitar-
ian ministry in 1813,
but soon retired from
the profession and
entered political life,
:oming a congress
man in 1825. After
that date he was suc
cessively governor of
Massachusetts, pres
ident of Harvard college, and secretary of
state. He achieved a wide popularity,
and his literary style was greatly ad
mired. His work has, however, failed to
retain its hold upon attention, and his
polished sentences now find a constantly
lessening circle of readers. He is the au
thor of Defense of Christianity; Orations
and Speeches; Mount Vernon Papers; and
Importance of Practical Education. He
died Jan. 15, 1865, in Boston, Mass.
EVERETT, EDWARD FRANKLIN,
genealogist, was born May 28, 1840, in
Northfield, Mass. He is a Boston geneal
ogist who has published genealogies of
the families of Capen and Everett.
EVERETT, ERASTUS, educator, au
thor, poet, was born in 1813 in Princeton,
Mass. He is an educator once prominent
in Brooklyn; and the author of System
of English Versification; and Progress, a
poem.
EVERETT, HORACE, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1780 in Vermont. He
was state's attorney for Windsor county
from 1813 to 1817; and served in the state
legislature in 1819-24, and in 1834. He
was a prominent member of the state
constitutional convention of 1828; and
was a representative in congress from
1829 to 1843. He died Jan. 30, 1851, in
Windsor, Vt.
EVERETT, JOHN, author, was born
Feb. 22, 1801, in Dorchester, Mass. His
poetical abilities were considerable, as is
shown by his Ode to St. Paul's Church,
and by one written for the Washington
society, and sung at Concert hall, July 4,
1825. He is the author of articles in the
North American Review. He died in 1826
in Boston, Mass.
EVERETT, ROBERT WILLIAM, sol
dier, congressman, was born March 3,
1839, in Haynsville, Ga. He entered the
confederate army, and served until the
close of the war. He served two years as
commissioner of revenue; served twelve
years on the board of education, the last
four as president of the board; and served
four years, from 1882 to 1885, as a mem
ber of the general assembly of Georgia.
He was elected to the fifty-second con
gress as a democrat.
EVERETT, WILLIAM, educator, con
gressman, author, was born Oct. 10, 1839,
in Watertown, Mass. He was admitted to
the bar in 1867; licensed to preach in 1872
by the Suffolk association of (Unitarian)
ministers. He was tutor in Harvard col
lege in 1870-73; assistant professor of
Latin in 1873-77; and master of Adams
academy, Quincy, Mass., in 1878-93. He
engaged in political speaking, on the re
publican side, in 1864-1883; and was an
early civil service reformer. He was chos
en at the by-election to congress. He
withdrew his name from nominating con
vention in 1894; took part in convention
of national democrats at Indianapolis in
1896; and nominated for governor of
Massachusetts by that organization in
1897. His books are College Essays; On
the Cam; Lecture on Cambridge Univer
sity; the poem Hesione, or Europe Un
changed; School Sermons. His books for
boys include Thine not Mine; Changing
Base; and Double Play.
EVERETT, WILLIS MEAD, lawyer, au
thor, was born Nov. 18, 1863, in Randolph,
N. Y. For many years he filled the chair
of mathematics and German in the Cham
berlain institute of Randolph, N. Y. He
has practiced law in Cincinnati, Chicago
and Atlanta, and has been director and of
ficer in many large corporations. He is
the author of The Georgia Section of Law
of Incorporated Companies.
EVERHARD, CAROLINE McCUL-
LOUGH, woman suffragist, was born Sept.
14, 1843, in Massillon, Ohio. For eleven
years she was secretary of the Humane
society of her native city; has been trus
tee of the charity Ratch school; a direc
tor of the Union National bank of Mas
sillon; and a member of the county visit
ing board to charitable and correctional
institutions. In 1891 she was elected
president of the Ohio Woman Suffrage
association, and still holds the office. She
has written extensively for the periodical
press on woman suffrage and kindred
subjects.
EVERHART, BENJAMIN MABLACK,
botanist, author, was born April 24, 1818,
in West Chester, Pa. He is a Pennsyl
vania botanist, and co-author with J. B.
Ellis of The North American Pyreno-
mycetes.
EVERHART, ISAIAH FAWKES, physi
cian, naturalist, was born Jan. 22, 1840,
in Berks county, Pa. He served in the
civil war as a surgeon, and was promoted
to the rank of major. He served as a
member of the medical staff of the Lacka-
wanna hospital; a member of the Scran-
ton board of health, and surgeon of the
ninth regiment of militia.
EVERHART, JAMES BOWEN, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, author, poet,
was born July 26, 1821, in West Chester, Pa.
In 1876 he was elected a state senator,
and was re-elected in 1880. He was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-eighth congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-ninth congress. He is the au
thor of two volumes of poems entitled Po
ems; and The Fox Chase.
EVERHART, JAMES MARION, manu
facturer, inventor, was born June 7, 1828.
in Berks county, Pa. In 1874 he gained
entire control of the Scranton Brass
works, and has introduced many improve
ments and inventions; and has been pres
ident of two coal companies.
EVERHART, JOHN ROSKELL, sur
geon, author, was born in 1828 in West
Chester, Pa. He served in the civil war,
retiring with the rank of brevet lieuten
ant-colonel. He has traveled extensively,
and in 1892 published By Road and Rail.
EVERHART, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born May 17, 1785, in Chester county,
Pa. He was elected to the lower house
of congress in 1852, and declined a re-elec
tion in 1854. He died Oct. 30, 1867.
EVERS, JOHN, artist, was born Aug.
17, 1797, in Newtown, L. I. He was one of
the founders of the National Academy of
Design. His best known pictures are Cre
ation; New York City; and Crystal Pal
ace, London. He died in Hempstead, L. I.
EVERTS, ORPHEUS, physician, author,
was born Dec. 26, 1826, in Union county,
Ind. He is a physician of Cincinnati;
and the author of Giles and Co., or Views
and Interviews concerning Civilization;
and What Shall we Do with the Drunkard.
EVERTS, WILLIAM WALLACE, cler
gyman, author, was born March 13, 1814,
in Granville, N. Y. He is a baptist cler
gyman of Chicago, and later of Jersey
City, among whose many published works
are included The Pastor's Hand-Book; Bi
ble Prayer-Book; The Voyage of Life;
Manhood, its Duties and Responsibilities;
Promiseand Trainingof Childhood; Words
in Earnest; The Baptist Layman's Book;
The Sabbath; The Christian Apostolate;
and Life of John Foster.
EVINS, JOHN H., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 18, 1830, in
Spartanburg county, S. C. He served in
the confederate army during the war of
the rebellion, rising to the rank of lieu
tenant-colonel. He served as a member of
the state house of representatives for two
terms; and was elected a representative
from South Carolina to the forty-fifth, for
ty-sixth, forty-seventh and forty-eighth
congresses as a democrat.
EVRETT, ISAAC, journalist, author,
was born Jan. 2, 1820, in New York city.
In 1866 he established and became editor
of the Cincinnati Christian Standard. He
was the author of Walks about Jerusalem;
Letter to a Young Christian; Evenings
with the Bible; and other works. He died
Dec. 18, 1888, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
EWAN, MARY C., actress, was born in
1836. She attained a national reputation
as an actress; and played in the principal
cities of the United States. She died in
1866.
EWART, HAMILTON GLOVER, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 23,
1849, in Columbia, S. C. He was appoint
ed by Chief Justice Waite register in
bankruptcy for the ninth congressional
district; and was twice elected mayor of
Hendersonville. He was district elector
on the Hajes ticket in 1876; and received
the nomination for congress in 1884. He
was elected to the lower house of the leg
islature in 1886, in which body he was an
active member. He was elected to the
fifty-first congress as a republican.
348
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
EWART, THOMAS WEST, lawyer, was
born Feb. 27, 1816, in Grand View, Ohio.
He was a member of the convention that
formed the present constitution of Ohio.
He was a trustee of Denison university,
president of the Ohio baptist state con
vention, and vice-president of the Ameri
can Baptist Missionary union. He died
Oct. 8, 1881, in Granville, Ohio.
EWBANK, THOMAS, scientist, author,
was born March 11, 1792, in England. He
was a scientist of New York, at one pe
riod commissioner of patents; and the au
thor of Thoughts on Matter and Force;
Hydraulics; The World a Workshop; Life
in Brazil; Experiments in Marine Propul
sion; and Reminiscences in the Patent Of
fice. He died Sept. 16, 1870, in New York.
EWELL, BENJAMIN STODDART, sol
dier, educator, college president, was
born June 10, 1810, in Washington, D. C.
During the civil war he served in the con
federate army. In 1865 he became a sec
ond time president of the William and
Mary college, which position he retained
until his death.
EWELL, JOHN LOUIS, clergyman, ed
ucator, was born Sept. 4, 1840, in
Rowley, Mass. He filled the chair of
Latin in th° Washington university of St.
Louis; is a successful congregational
clergyman; and since 1890 has been dean
of the theological department, and pro
fessor of church history and biblical
exegesis in the Howard university of
Washington, D. C.
EWELL, MARSHALL DAVIS, educator,
lawyer, author, was born Aug. 18, 1844,
in Oxford, Mich. He is a lawyer of Chi
cago, and professor of law in Union Col
lege of Law in Chicago; and the author
of Blackwell on Tax Titles; Treatise on
the Law of Fixtures; Essentials of the
Law; and Manual of Medical Jurispru
dence.
EWELL, PHILANDER, merchant,
manufacturer, was born March 3, 1809,
in Middlebury, N. Y. In 1855 he was a
representative in the New York state leg
islature; subsequently he engaged in
farming in Michigan; and since 1869 has
been the proprietor of the Stony Creek
Woolen mills of Rochester, Mich.
EWELL, RICHARD STODDERT, sol
dier, was born Feb. 18, 1817, in George
town, D. C. During the civil war he
served in the confederate army; and was
promoted to major-general. He died Jan.
25, 1872, in Springfield, Tenn.
EWEN, MARY CECILIA, actress, was
born in 1836 in New York city. Among
her greatest successes in the various the
aters where she played were Life in New
York; Child of the Regiment; and Pride
of the Market. She died Nov. 10, 1866, in
New York city.
EWEN, WILLIAM, patriot, was born
about 1720 in England. He was a mem
ber of the council of safety, and as first
president of the executive council per
formed the duties of governor in 1775. He
died soon after the revolution in Georgia.
EWER, FERDINAND CARTWRIGHT,
clergyman, author, was born May 22, 1826,
in Nantucket, Mass. He was an episco
pal clergyman of New York city of the
extreme ritualistic school, whose Sermons
on the Failure of Protestantism attracted
much attention at the time of their deliv
ery. His other writings include The Oper
ation of the Ho'y Spirit; Grammar of
Theology; Two Eventful Nights, or the
Fallibility of Spiritualism Exposed; and
Sanctity and Other Sermons. He died Oct.
10, 1883, in Canada.
EWING, ANDREW, congressman, was
born in Tennessee. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1849 to 1851; and
took part in the rebellion as a confeder
ate. He died June 16, 1864, in Atlanta,
Ga.
EWING, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist, was
born July 8, 1780, in Burlington county,
N. J. He graduated at the New Jersey
college in 1798; was
admitted to the bar
in 1802, and prac
ticed law at Trenton.
He became a council
or in 1812; was chief
justice of the state
from 1824 to his
death. He received
the degree of LL. D.
from Jefferson col
lege. He was a
brilliant lawyer and
astute judge. He
died Aug. 5, 1832, in Trenton, N. J.
EWING, EDWIN H., congressman, was
born in Tennessee. He was a representa
tive in congress from Tennessee from 1845
to 1847; and took part in the rebellion.
EWING, ELIE METCALF, lawyer, cap
italist, was born Jan. 9, 1856, in Eliza-
ville, Ky. In 1879 he was admitted to the
bar, and the following year moved to
Waco, Texas. In 1879 he was assistant
chief clerk of the Kentucky state senate.
He has attained success as an expert ex
aminer of land titles; and has been
prominently identified with the financial
prosperity of his adopted state.
EWING, ELMORE E., soldier, mer
chant, poet, was born Feb. 16, 1840, in
Ewington, Ohio. He entered college at
the age of twenty,
and two years later
enlisted as a private
soldier in the civil
war. He was soon
afterward promoted
to lieutenant, served
with distinction, and
was severely wound
ed in 1864. Since the
war he has been en
gaged in mercantile
pursuits, and is now
a successful mer
chant of Portsmouth, Ohio. He takes a
leading part in the public affairs of his
county and state, and is prominent in
several fraternal orders. He has contrib
uted both prose and verse to the periodi
cal press, and is the author of a volume of
poems entitled Bugles and Bells, contain
ing incidents of the war and other
themes.
EWING, FINIS, clergyman, author, was
born June 10, 1773, in Bedford county, Pa.
He was a presbyterian clergyman who
with two others organized the Cumber
land presbyterian church in 1810. He was
the author of Lectures on Divinity, which
is an exposition of the doctrines of his
sect. He died July 4, 1841, in Lexington,
Mo.
EWING, HUGH BOYLE, soldier, diplo
mat, author, was born Oct. 31, 1826, in
Lancaster, Ohio. He was a general In
the federal army during the civil war,
and minister to the Netherlands in 1866-
70. Heis the author of A Castle in the Air;
and Ladron, a Tale of Early California.
EWING, JAMES, soldier, was horn Aug.
3, 1736, in Lancaster, Pa. He was a mem
ber of the general assembly from 1771
till 1775. At the outbreak of the revolu
tion he was on the committee of safety
for York county, and was chosen one of
the two brigadier-generals of the Penn
sylvania associators, July 4, 1776. He
served as vice-president of Pennsylvania
from 1782 till 1784. In the latter year,
and under the constitution of 1789-90, he
was a member of the assembly of Penn
sylvania, and served as state senator from
1795 till 1799. He died March 1, 1806, in
Hellam, Pa.
EWING, JOHN, congressman, was born
at sea, while his parents were on their
way from Ireland to Baltimore. He served
in both branches of the legislature of In
diana; and was a representative of that
state in congress from 1833 to 1835, and
again from 1837 to 1839. He died in 1857
in Vincennes, Ind.
EWING, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born June 22, 1732, in Nottingham, Md. He
was a presbyterian clergyman of Phila
delphia, provost of the university of Penn
sylvania, 1777-1802, and eminent in his
day as a scientific observer. He published
an Account of the Transit of Venus, and
his Lectures on Natural Philosophy were
issued after his death. He died Sept. 8,
1802, in Nottingham, Md.
EWING, JOHN H., congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1845 to 1847.
EWING, NATHANIEL, lawyer, jurist,
was born June 17, 1848, in Uniontown,
Pa. In 1869 he graduated from the
Princeton college, N.
J. He has served
with distinction as
additional law judge,
and president judge
of the fourteenth ju
dicial district of
Pennsylvania. He
has gained a good
reputation as an able
lawyer of Union-
town, Pa., the city of
his birth. His grand
father, Nathaniel W.
Ewing, and his father, John K. Ewing,
also filled the office of president judge in
the same district; and his great-grand
father, John Kennedy, was one of the
judges of the supreme court of Pennsyl
vania.
EWING, PRESLEY, congressman, was
born in Kentucky. He twice served in the
legislature of Kentucky; and was a rep
resentative from that state to the thirty-
third congress. He died Sept. 27, 1854,
at Mammoth Cave, Ky.
EWING, THOMAS, lawyer, United
States senator, was born Dec. 28, 1789, in
West Liberty, Va. In 1830 he was elect
ed to a seat in the
United States senate
from Ohio, where he
remained until 1837.
He was a member of
President Harrison's,
cabinet as secretary
of the treasury In
1841; and on the ac
cession of President
Taylor to the presi
dency, in 1849, was
invited into the cab
inet, and took charge
of the new department of the interior. In
1850 he was appointed to a seat in the
United States senate, where he remained
until 1851, when he retired from political
life and resumed the practice of his pro
fession in Ohio. He was a delegate to the
peace congress of 1861; also chosen a
delegate to the Philadelphia national
union convention in 1866, but did not
take part in Its proceedings. He died
Oct. 26, 1871, in Lancaster, Ohio.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
349
EWING, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Aug. 7, 1829, in Lan
caster, Ohio. He removed to Kansas in
1856, and was appointed chief justice of
the United States court for that terri
tory. He was a member of the constitu
tional convention of the new state; and
in 1862 entered the union army as a colo
nel, and was promoted to the rank of ma
jor-general in 1864. After the rebellion
he settled in Washington, where he prac
ticed law. Returning to Ohio he was a
member of the state constitutional con
vention of 1873; and was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-fifth and
forty-sixth congresses as a democrat.
EWING, THOMAS DAVIS, educator,
clergyman, college president, was born
Dec. 28, 1832, in Lewisville, Pa. During
1860-62 he was principal in Dunlap's
Creek academy, Pa.; was ordained in 1864
by the presbytery, and during 1864-89
filled pastorates in Pennsylvania and
Iowa. Since 1889 he has been pastor of
the presbyterian church of Corning, Iowa,
and president of the Corning Collegiate
institute.
EWING, WILLIAM BELLFORD, physi
cian, was born in 1776 in Greenwich, N.
J. He settled in Greenwich, where he
practiced for twenty-eight years. For
many years he was presiding judge of
the county courts, for ten years a mem
ber of the legislature, and a member of
the New Jersey constitutional convention
of 1841. He died April 23, 1866, in Green
wich, N. J.
EWING, WILLIAM LEE DAVIDSON,
soldier, lawyer, United States senator,
was born in 1795. In 1826-27 he
was United States surveyor of public
lands and general of state militia. He
served as major of the Spy battalion in
the Black-Hawk war in 1832; became a
member of the state senate in that year,
and was its speaker in 1834. In 1835 he
was chosen to the United States senate to
fill a vacancy. He was speaker of the
state house of representatives in 1840, and
in 1843 was chosen state auditor, which
office he held until his death. He died
March 25, 1846, in Ohio.
EYSTER, C. S., jurist, was born in
Pennsylvania. He was appointed from
that state an associate justice of the
United States court for the territory of
Colorado, residing in Denver.
EYSTER; MRS. NELLIE BLESSING,
author, was born in 1831 in Frederick,
Md. She is a writer for young people, for
merly living in Pennsylvania, now in
California. She is the author of Sunny
Hours; Chincapin Charlie; Tom Harding;
Lionel Wintour's Diary; and A Colonial
Boy.
EYTINGE, ROSE, actress, was born in
1835 in Philadelphia, Pa. She has attained
a national reputation as an actress.
EZEKIEL, MOSES JACOB, sculptor,
was born Oct. 28, 1844, in Richmond, Va.
He has attained national repute as a suc
cessful sculptor.
FABBRI, CORA RANDALL, poet, was
born in 1871 in New York. She was a
poet of Italian descent whose volume of
Lyrics was published but a few days be
fore her death. She died in 1892.
FABENS, JOSEPH WARREN, diplo
mat, author, poet, was born in 1821, in
Salem, Mass. He was an envoy extraor
dinary and minister plenipotentiary to the
Dominican republic; and the author of
The Camel Hunt, a Narrative of Personal
Adventure; Story of Life on the Isth
mus; Facts about Santo Domingo; The
Last Cigar, and Eight Other Poems; and
,In the Tropics. He died in 1875.
FABER, EBERHARD, manufacturer,
was born Dec. 6, 1822, in Bavaria. In 1861
he built the first lead-pencil factory
in the United States. He also in
troduced the manufacture of penholders,
gold pens and rubber goods of all varie
ties, connected with the stationery trade.
He died March 2, 1879, in New York city.
FAHNESTOCK, ALFRED HAMILTON,
educator, clergyman, author, poet, was
born Feb. 26, 1842, in Warren, Pa. During
1870-73 he was pro
fessor of Latin in the
college of New Jer
sey. He studied the
ology for three years
at Princeton college,
from which institu
tion he graduated in
1871. Since 1875 he
has been pastor of
the First Ward Pres
byterian church of
Syracuse, N. Y., and
has attained distinc
tion as an eloquent clergyman. He is the
author of The Autograph Thanksgiving
Souvenir; The Bride's Gift to Her
Friends; has translated Dies Brae; and
his poems have appeared in various stan
dard works.
FAILING, HENRY, merchant, was born
Jan. 17, 1834, in New York city. In 1869
Mr. Corbett and Mr. Failing purchased
the First National bank of Portland, Ore.
The bank is probably the most important
in the northwest; and Mr. Failing finally
took the presidency.
FAIR, CAMPBELL, clergyman, theo
logical writer, was born April 28, 1843,
in Holymount, Ireland. He was a curate
of Birkenhead, England; and a mission
ary in Ireland. He has been a rector in
New Orleans, New York city, Baltimore,
and Grand Rapids; and is now dean of
Trinity cathedral of Omaha, Neb. This
eminent protestant episcopal clergyman
has gained distinction as a scholastic the
ological writer; and for many years was
editor of the Conservative Churchman
and other publications.
FAIR, JAMES GRAHAM, miner, United
States senator, was born Dec. 3, 1831, near
Belfast, Ireland. He was elected a sena
tor of the United States from Nevada for
the term 1881-87.
FAIRBAIRN, HENRY ARNOLD, phy
sician, was born May 5, 1855, in Cats-
kill, N. Y. He began the practice of his
profession at Brooklyn, N. Y.; where
continuous devotion has won for him a
leading position among the celebrated
physicians of that city.
FAIRBAIRN, ROBERT BRINCKER-
HOFF, clergyman, author, was born in
1818, in New York. He is an episcopal
clergyman, and warden of St. Stephen's
college. Annandale, N. Y. He is the au
thor of The Child of Faith; Sermons
Preached at St. Stephen's; Morality in its
Relation to the Grace of Redemption;
and Unity of Faith as Influenced by Spec
ulative Philosophy.
FAIRBANK, NATHANIEL K., mer
chant, was born in 1829, in Sodus, N. Y.
Mr. Fairbank is now a director in the
Commercial National bank, president and
principal owner of the Elk Rapids Iron
company of Michigan, and vice-president
of the Auditorium association. He was
formerly president of the Chicago board
of trade, and for thirteen years president
of the Chicago club.
FAIRBANKS, CHARLES H., philolo
gist, linguist, was born July 3, 1866, in
Oxbou, N. Y. He took up the study of
languages as a pastime, first mastering
French and German; then learning Ital
ian, Norwegian, Russian, and other lan
guages. He also understands Dutch, Swed
ish, Danish, Portuguese. Polish, Arabic,
Japanese, Volopuk, Finnish, Aztec of Mex
ico, and several others of less importance.
FAIRBANKS, CHARLES WARREN,
lawyer. United States senator, was born
May 11, 1852, near Unionville Center, Ohio.
He was a delegate at
large to the republic
an national conven
tion at St. Louis in
1896, and was tem
porary chairman of
the convention. He
was elected to the
United States senate
as a republican. His
term of service will
expire March 3, 1903.
He has been a mem
ber of several im
portant committees; and is one of the
leaders of his party.
FAIRBANKS, ERASTUS, manufacturer,
governor, was born Oct. 28, 1792, in Brim-
field, Mass. Hewasamemberof the legisla
ture from 1836 to 1838; president of the
Passumpsic and Connecticut River Rail
road company in 1849; and governor of
Vermont in 1852 and 1853. and again in
1860 and 1861. He died Nov. 24, 1864,
in St. Johnsbury, Vt.
FAIRBANKS, GEORGE RAINSFORD,
soldier, lawyer, legislator, author, was
born July 5, 1820, in Watertown, N. Y. He
has been mayor of St. Augustine, Fla.,
and a member of the state senate of his
state. He has always been prominent in
educational and religious work; and is the
author of two books: A History of St.
Augustine; and A History of Florida. He
was a confederate officer in the civil war.
FAIRBANKS, HENRY, educator, cler
gyman, inventor, was born May 6, 1830,
in St. Johnsbury, Vt. In 1859 he became
professor of natural philosophy at Dart
mouth. He exchanged this chair for that
of natural history in 1865. and since 1868
has resided at St. Johnsbury, giving his
time to mechanical experiments.
FAIRBANKS, HIRAM FRANCIS, cler
gyman, author, was born May 25, 1845, in
Leon, N. Y. Since 1880 he has been pas
tor of the St. Patrick's church of Mil
waukee, Wis. He is the author of A Visit
to Europe and the Holy Land, which has
passed through four editions.
FAIRBANKS, HORACE, manufacturer,
state senator, governor, was born March
21, 1820, in Barnet, Vt. In 1825 he re
moved with his father's family to St.
Johnsbury, Vt., and became president of
the E. and T. Fairbanks Scale company.
He was a presidential elector in 1868; a
state senator in 1869; and a delegate to
the republican national conventions of
1864 and 1872. In 1876 he was elected
governor of Vermont and served two
years. He died March 18, 1888, in New
York city.
FAIRBANKS. JONATHAN, educator,
was born Jan. 7, 1828, in Andover, Mass.
He has been engaged in educational work
in Massachusetts, Delaware, Ohio and Mis
souri; has been superintendent of city
schools of Springfield, Mo., and since 1875
has been county school superintendent.
FAIRBANKS, THADDEUS, manufac
turer, inventor, was born Jan. 17, 1796,
in Brimfield, Mass. He was the origina
tor and patentee of the platform scale,
gave to mankind the first real improve
ment in the methods of weighing articles
of commerce, invented since the days of
the old Roman steelyard, and made his
name known in every part of the world
where goods are bought and sold or for
warded by weight.
350
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FAIRCHILD, ASHBEL GREEN, cler
gyman, author, was born May 1, 1795, in
Hanover, N. J. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Pennsylvania, among whose
writings are The Great Supper, long a
popular defense of Calvinism; Baptism:
Faith and Works; and Confession of
Faith. He died in 1864, in Smithfleld, Pa.
FAIRCHILD, BEN L., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 5, 1863, in Sweden,
N. Y. He is a successful lawyer of New
York city, and has large real estate in
vestments in Westchester county, adjoin
ing New York city. He was the candidate
of his party for delegate to the state con
stitutional convention in 1893; and was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
FAIRCHILD, CHARLES STEBBINS,
lawyer, financier, was born April 30, 1842,
in Cazenovia, N. Y. In 1874 he was ap
pointed deputy attorney general of the
state of New York; and became attorney
general. In 1885 he was appointed assist
ant secretary of the United States treas
ury department. He is a successful law
yer of New York city; has been president
of the State Charities Aid association;
and is now president of the New York
Security and Trust company.
FAIRCHILD, HERMAN LE ROY, edu
cator, geologist, lecturer, was born April
29, 1850, in Montrose, Pa. In 1888 he was
called to the chair of geology in the uni
versity of Rochester. Since 1889 he has
been president of the Rochester Academy
of Science. He is the author of a His
tory of the New York Academy of
Sciences.
FAIRCHILD, JAMES HARRIS, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Nov. 25, 1817, in Stockbridge, Mass. He
is a congregational
clergyman; was
president of Oberlin
college in 1866-89; and
the author of Moral
Philosophy; Needed
Phases of Christian
ity; Oberlin, the Col
ony and the College;
Elements of Theol
ogy; and Woman's
Right to the Ballot.
He has also con
tributed extensively
to current periodicals.
FAIRCHILD, LUCIUS, soldier, diplo
mat, governor, was born Dec. 27, 1831, in
Kent, Ohio. He was appointed lieuten
ant-colonel of second Iowa infantry in
June, 1861; and was made brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers in August, 1862. He
was secretary of state of Wisconsin in
1864 and 1865; governor in 1866 and
1867; and in 1880 was appointed minister
plenipotentiary to Spain, where he re
mained until 1882.
FAIRCHILD, MARIA AUGUSTA, phy
sician, lecturer, was born in 1834 in New
Jersey. She was physician to women in
the late Dr. Troll's
Health institution of
New York city; and
is now physician and
proprietor in her
own sanitarium at
Quincy, 111. She is
the editor of The
Health Magazine,
and lectures upon the
Science of Health,
Happiness and Pros
perity, and Meta
physical subjects;
and contributes to the leading medical
publications.
FAIRFIELD, FRANCIS GERRY, jour
nalist, author, was born Aug. 18, 1844, in
Stafford, Conn. He was a New York city
journalist who was in early life a Luth
eran minister. He was the author of The
Clubs of New York; and Ten Years with
Spiritual Mediums. He died April 4, 1887,
in New York city.
FAIRFIELD, GENEVIEVE GENEVRA,
author, was born in 1832 in New York
She is the author of Genevra, or the His
tory Fair of a Portrait; The Vice-presi
dent's Daughter; The Wife of Two Hus
bands; The Innkeeper's Daughter; and
Irene.
FAIRFIELD, MRS. JANE FRAZEE, au
thor, was born about 1810 in New Jersey.
She was the wife of S. L. Fairfield, the
poet, of whom she wrote a Life in 1846.
She afterwards published an Autobiog
raphy.
FAIRFIELD, JOHN, lawyer, congress
man, governor, United States senator,
was born Jan. 30, 1797, in Saco, Maine. In
1832 he was appointed reporter of the de
cisions of the supreme court. From 1835
to 1839 he was a representative in con
gress from Maine; and was governor of
the state during the years 1839, 1840, 1842,
and 1843. He was elected a senator in
congress in 1843 to fill a vacancy; and
in 1845 was re-elected for a term of six
years. He died Dec. 24, 1847, in Wash
ington, D. C.
FAIRFIELD, SUMNER LINCOLN, edu
cator, author, poet, was born June 25,
1803, in Warwick, Mass. He was an edu
cator and poet of Philadelphia and else
where. He was the author of Abaddon,
the Spirit of Destruction; Lays of Melpo
mene; The Sisters of St. Clara; Cities of
the Plain; The Heir of the World; The
Last Night of Pompeii; Poems and Prose
Writings; and Select Poems. He died
March 6, 1844, in New Orleans, La.
FAIRHEAD, JOHN STERLING, soldier,
lumber manufacturer, was born Dec. 23,
1841, in New Hartford, N. Y. He served
for three years during the civil war in the
one hundred and seventeenth New York
volunteer infantry. He came to Jackson
ville in 1885, and became a partner in a
large lumber exporting firm, which is now
known as Fairhead, Straw and Company.
FAIRLAMB, JAMES REMINGTON,
musician, was born Jan. 23, 1839, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. Between 1867 and 1880 he
was successively director of the music in
different churches in Washington, D. C.
He was called to a similar office in the
Church of the Ascension, New York city,
and a year later to that of St. Ignatius.
His published works, chiefly sacred com
positions and songs, number nearly a
hundred, exclusive of Valerie and Leon-
ello, two operas.
FAIRMAN, GIDEON, engraver, was
born June 26, 1744, in Newtown, Conn. In
the war of 1812 he entered the army as
captain, and rose to a colonelcy. He con
tributed much toward the -elevation of the
art of engraving in the United States. He
died March 18, 1827, in Philadelphia, Pa.
FALES, ALMIRA L.. philanthropist,
was born in New York. At the beginning
of the war she entered, fully prepared, on
the care of sick and wounded soldiers,
and at Pittsburg Landing and other bat
tlefields of the west was busy in minis
tering to the wants of the sufferers. She
died Nov. 8, 1868, in Washington, D. C.
FALES. EDWARD LIPPITT, poet. He
is the author of Underneath the Mistletoe,
and Other Poems; and Songs and Song
Legends of Dahkotah Land.
FALK, BENJAMIN JOSEPH, photo
graphic artist, was born Oct. 14, 1853, in
New York city. He has made many im
provements in photography, the most im
portant of which was that of photo
graphing stage scenes by the aid of elec
tric light in large masses. Among his
best compositions and studies from life
are: The Fisher Maiden; Judith; and
The Curfew Shall not Ring To-Night.
FALKNER, JOHN W. T., railroad pres
ident, was born Sept. 2, 1848, in Ripley,
Miss. In 1890 he became president of the
Gulf and Chicago railroad.
FALL, CHARLES GERSHOM, lawyer,
poet, was born in 1845 in Massachusetts.
He is a lawyer of Boston; and the author
of Dreams, a volume of poetry; A Village
Sketch, and Other Poems; and Employ
ers' Liability for Personal Injuries to
their Employes.
FALL, DELOS, educator, author, was
born Jan. 29, 1848, in Ann Arbor, Mich.
Since 1879 he has been professor of chem
istry in the Albion college, Mich. He
has been a member of the Michigan state
board of health; a member of the board
of education of Albion; and in 1897 was
president of the State Teachers' associa
tion. He is the author of Laboratory
Manual in Qualitative Chemistry, and
other works.
FALLIGANT, ROBERT, soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born Jan. 12, 1839, in Sa
vannah, Ga. As soldier, lawyer, legisla
tor and judge, he has been successful, and
is one of the best public speakers in the
state of Georgia. He was chosen state
representative in 1882, and as state sena
tor in 1884.
FALLOON, GEORGE, civil engineer,
merchant, state senator, was born April
3, 1852. He was educated as a civil en
gineer and surveyor; elected county sur
veyor of Athens county in 1875 and 1881;
and was elected to the Ohio state senate
in 1895.
FALLOWS, SAMUEL, bishop, author,
was born Dec. 13, 1835, near Manchester,
England. He is a bishop of the reformed
episcopal faith. In early life he was a
methodist minister, and during the civil
war a brigadier-general in the federal
army. He left methodism for the reformed
episcopal church in 1875, and was ad
vanced to the episcopate the next year.
He is the author of The Bible Story for
Young People; Complete Hand-Book of
Synonyms and Antonyms; Hand-Book of
Abbreviations and Contractions; Hand-
Book of Briticisms, Americanisms, etc.;
The Home Beyond, or Views of Heaven;
Past Noon; and Complete Dictionary of
Synonyms and Antonyms. He has edited
a Supplemental Dictionary of the English
Language.
FANCHER, FANNY L., musician, -po
et, was born June 21, 1849,. in Litchfield,
Ohio. She has attained success as an
instructor of music. She has contributed
to Godey'sLady's Magazine; Ladies' Home
Journal, and the periodical press, and
her poems have been given a place in sev
eral standard works.
FANCHER, FREDERICK BARTLETT,
business man. public official, was born
April 2, 1852, in Orleans county, N. Y. He
is a successful business man of James
town. N. D.; has been president of • the
North Dakota Hospital for the Insane;
president of the constitutional conven
tion of North Dakota in 1889; and in 1894
became commissioner of insurance of
North Dakota.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
351
FANEUIL, PETER, founder, was born
in 1700, in New Rochelle, N. Y. He was
the founder of Paneuil hall, which, with
the exception of the capitol at Washing
ton, is probably the best known building
in the United States. He died March 3,
1743, in Boston, Mass.
PANNING, DAVID, free-booter, author,
was born in 1756 in Johnston county, N. C.
He was a famous free-booter who acted
with the royalists during the American
revolution, and was one of those per
sons exempted by name from benefits of
the general pardon. He was the author of
a Narrative of Adventures in North Caro
lina, edited by J. H. Wheeler, and printed
privately in 1861. He died in 1825 in Dig-
by, N. S.
PANNING, JOHN THOMAS, civil en
gineer, author, was born Dec. 31, 1837,
in Norwich, Conn. He is a distinguished
civil engineer of Minneapolis, whose Trea
tise on Water Supply Engineering has had
wide circulation.
FARAN, JAMES J., journalist, con
gressman, was born in Ohio. He was a
representative from Ohio to the thirtieth
congress; and subsequently became one
of the proprietors of the Cincinnati En
quirer.
FARFAX, DONALD MACNEILL, naval
officer, was born Aug. 10, 1822, in Vir
ginia. He served in the United States
navy during the civil war; for gallant
and meritorious services attained the rank
of rear admiral.
FARGO, JAMES CONGDEL, was born
May 5, 1829, in Pompey, N. Y. In 1866 he
came to New York city as the general
superintendent and manager of the Fargo
Express company; and succeeded to the
presidency in 1881. He is also the presi
dent of the Merchants' Despatch Trans
portation company, and director of sev
eral important railroad and express com
panies.
FARIS, GEORGE W., educator, law
yer, congressman, was born June 9, 1854,
in Jasper county, Ind. In 1884 he was the
republican nominee for the circuit judge-
ship, but was defeated by a slender ma
jority. He has been active in republican
politics; and was elected to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a republican.
FARLEE, ISAAC G., congressman, was
born in New Jersey. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845.
FARLEY, E. WILDER, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1818, in
Maine. He was in the state legislature
in 1845, and from 1851 to 1853. He was a
representative in congress from Maine
from 1853 to 1855; and served in the state
senate in 1856.
FARLEY, HARRIET, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1815, in Claremont, N.
H. She was a factory operative of Low
ell who, in 1841 and subsequently, edited
The Lowell Offering. A selection from
its pages, Mind among the Spindles, was
published in London in 1849. Shells from
the Strand of Genius is partly original
and partly selected. Fancy's Frolics, a
juvenile work, appeared many years later.
FARLEY, JAMES THOMPSON, con
gressman, was born Aug. 6, 1829, in Vir
ginia. He was a member of the Cali
fornia assembly in 1855 and 1856, and the
latter year speaker of the house. He was
elected a state senator in 1860 and served,
by re-elections, eight years. He was elected
a senator of the United States from Cali
fornia for the term 1879-85. He died Jan.
23, 1886, in Jackson, Cal.
FARLEY, MICHAEL, patriot, was born
in 1719 in Ipswich, Mass. He was
a delegate to the provincial congress of
Massachusetts in 1774-75, and was after
ward a member of the house of represen
tatives, July, 1775. He died June 20, 1789,
in Ipswich, Mass.
FARLIN, DUDLEY, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1835 to 1837. He died
Sept. 26, 1837, in Warrensburg, N. Y.
FARLOW, WILLIAM GILSON, educa
tor, botanist, author, was born Dec. 17,
1844, in Boston, Mass. He has been a
professor of botany in Harvard univer
sity since 1874, and the foremost Ameri
can authority on cryptogamic botany. He
is the author of Marine Algae of New Eng
land; The Black Knot; The Gymnospo-
rangia of the United States; Index of Fun
gi; The Potato Rot; and Diseases of
Orange and Olive Trees.
FARMAN, ELBERT ELI, lawyer, jurist,
diplomat, was born April 23, 1831, in New
Haven, N. Y. He was chiefly instru
mental in securing from Egypt the gran
ite obelisk known as Cleopatra's needle,
which stood so long in front of the tem
ple of Caesar in Alexandria and is now in
Central Park, N. Y.
FARMER, AARON D., type-founder,
was born Jan. 18, 1816, in Bolton, Conn.
He entered the type-foundry of Eli
White; was promoted manager of the
manufacturing department; and later be
came a member of the firm, which was
changed to Farmer, Little and Company,
of New York city.
FARMER, GEORGE EDGAR, soldier,
was born in 1840 in New York city. He
served in the civil war, and attained the
rank of lieutenant-colonel. He died Feb.
16, 1870, in New York city.
FARMER, HANNAH T. S., philan
thropist, was born March 20, 1823, in
Berwick, Maine. In 1888 she erected in
Eliot, Maine, a large edifice, Rosemary
cottage, which institution was trans
ferred by her to the care of the City Mis
sionary society of Boston. She died June
27, 1891, in Eliot, Maine.
FARMER, HENRY TUDOR, author, po
et, was born in 1782 in England. He was
the author of Imagination; The Maniac's
Dream, and Other Poems. He died Jan
uary, 1828, in Charleston, S. C.
FARMER, JOHN, genealogist, author,
was born July 12, 1789, in Chelmsford,
Mass. He was a genealogist of New
England, whose Genealogical Register of
the First Settlers of New England is a
much valued work. His other writings
include History of Billerica; History of
Amherst; Gazetteer of New Hampshire;
and an edition, with notes, of Belknap's
History of New Hampshire. He died Aug.
13, 1839, in Concord, N. H.
FARMER, JOHN, author, was born Feb.
9, 1798, in Half Moon, N. Y. He was a
noted cartographer of Detroit who pub
lished A Gazetteer of Michigan. He died
March 24, 1859, in Detroit, Mich.
FARMER, LUTHER M., educator, law
yer, legislator, was born Dec. 31, 1856,
•in Coneta county, Ga. In 1883 he grad
uated from the university of Georgia, and
then became principal of schools; and in
1885-86 was professor in the Howard col
lege of Marion, Ala. He then moved to
Newman, Ga., was admitted to the bar,
and has since practiced his profession
with success in that city. He was pres
ident of the board of education until 1894;
when he resigned that position to be
come a member of the general assembly
of Georgia. While a member of the leg
islature, he was the author of the school
bill under which public schools of Geor
gia are now conducted.
FARMER, MRS. LYDIA HOYT, author,
poet, was born July 19, 1842, in Cleveland,
Ohio. She is the author of Aunt Belin-
dy's Points of View; Boys' Book of Fa
mous Rulers; A Story Book of Science;
Girls' Book of Famous Queens; The
Prince of the Flaming Star, an Operetta;
Life of Lafayette; A Short History of the
French Revolution; A Knight of Faith; A
Moral Inheritance; and The Doom of the
Holy City.
FARMER, SILAS, publisher, antiquar
ian, author, was born June 6, 1839, in
Detroit, Mich. He is a publisher and an
tiquarian of Detroit; and the author of
History of Detroit and Michigan.
FARNAM, CHARLES HENRY, arch-
asologist, author, was born Sept. 12, 1846,
in New. Haven, Conn. He has been for
several years assistant in archaeology in
the Peabody museum of Yale, and has
published a History of John Whitman
and his Descendants.
FARNAM, HENRY, philanthropist,
railroad president, was born Nov. 9, 1803,
in Scipio, N. Y. He removed to New
Haven in 1839, and in 1846-48 built the
railroad that took the place of the canal.
He went to Illinois in 1850, and with Jo
seph E. Sheffield built the Chicago and
Rock Island road, of which he was pres
ident in 1854-63. He died Oct. 4, 1883, in
New Haven, Conn.
FARNAM, HENRY WOLCOTT, educa
tor, author, was born Nov. 6, 1853, in New
Haven, Conn. He is a professor of po
litical economy at Yale university; and
the author of Die Innere Franzosische
Gewerpolitik von Colbert bis Turgot.
FARNELL, GEORGE, lawyer, was
born in 1854 in Yorkshire, England. In
1881 he emigrated to America. He was a
factory operative until twenty-eight
years of age; then became a newspaper
reporter; teacher of shorthand; and offi
cial shorthand writer in Rhode Island. In
1893 he was admitted to the bar, and
practices his profession in Johnston, R. I.
FARNHAM, MRS. ELIZA WOODSON
(BURHANS), philanthropist, author, was
born Nov. 17, 1815, in Rensselaerville, N.
Y. She was a philanthropist who from 1844
to 1848 was matron at the prison of Sing
Sing, and later a resident of California. She
was the author of Woman and her Era,
which is her most important work. Oth
ers are Life in Prairie Land; My Early
Days; The Ideal Attained; and Califor
nia Indoors and Out. She died Dec. 15,
1864.
FARNHAM, ELLEN W., philanthropist,
was born in 1848. She has attained a na
tional reputation as a philanthropist.
FARNHAM, GEORGE LOOMIS, edu
cator, author, was born Jan. 9, 1824, in
Richfield, N. Y. He has been eminently
successful as a teacher and principal in
female seminaries and public schools. He
has been superintendent of schools in
Syracuse, N. Y.; Binghamton, N. Y.;
Council Bluffs, Iowa; and for ten years
was principal of the Nebraska State Nor
mal schools. In 1857 he was president of
the New York State Teachers' associa
tion; and in 1886 was president of the
Nebraska State Teachers' association. He
is the author of The Thought and Sen
tence Method of Teaching, which he con
siders his most important work in educa
tional lines. The system was first de
veloped and applied during 1871-75 in the
schools of Binghamton; and it has since
received recognition and endorsement by
the leading educators in America.
352
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FARNHAM, HORACE PUTNAM, physi
cian, was born May 7, 1822, in Salem,
Mass. He settled in the city of New
York as a general practitioner; and in
1861-63 he was attending physician to the
Northern dispensary of New York. He
died June 9, 1886, in New York city.
FARNHAM, JOHN MARSHALL WIL-
LOUGHBY, clergyman, author, was born
in 1829, in Maine. He is a presbyterian
missionary to China; and the author of
Homeward; Farnham Genealogy; and
The Missionary Complaint and Appeal.
FARNHAM, LUTHER, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 5, 1816, in Concord.
N. H. In 1862 he was chosen secretary of
the General Theological library of Boston.
He has published A Glance at Private Li
braries; and has also prepared a History
of the Massachusetts Horticultural So
ciety.
FARNHAM, NOAH LANE, soldier, was
born June 4, 1829, in New Haven, Conn.
In 1856 he was elected assistant engineer
of the New York Fire department, and in
1857 joined the seventh regiment, soon
attaining the rank of first lieutenant. He
died Aug. 11, 1861, in Washington, D. C.
FARNHAM, RALPH, soldier, was born
July 7, 1756, in Lebanon, Maine. He was
the last survivor of the battle of Bunker
Hill. In 1780 he settled in Acton, being
the first white inhabitant of that town
ship. He died Dec. 26, 1861, in Acton,
Maine.
FARNHAM, ROSWELL, soldier, law
yer, state senator, governor, was born
Dec. 23, 1827, in Boston, Mass. He was
elected state's attorney for Orange county,
Vt., in 1859, and re-elected in 1860 and
1861. He served in the union army from
1861 to 1863, rising to the rank of lieu
tenant-colonel. He was elected state sen
ator in 1868 and 1869; and was a member
of the statr board of education in 1873-75.
He was a delegate to the republican na
tional convention of 1876, and a presiden
tial elector the same year. He was gov-
«rnor of Vermont from 1880 to 1882.
FARNHAM, THOMAS JEFFERSON,
lawyer, author, was born in 1804, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a lawyer who in 1839
headed an expedition to Oregon; and is
the author of Travels in Oregon Terri
tory (1842); Travels in California; Me
morial of the Northwest Boundary Line;
and Mexico, its Geography, People, and
Institutions. He died in September, 1848.
in California.
FARNSWORTH, JOHN F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 27, 1820, in
Eaton. Canada. He was a representative
to the thirty-fifth congress from Illinois,
and was a member of the committee on
revolutionary pensions. He was re-elected
to the thirty-sixth congress, and in 1862
to the thirty-eighth congress, serving on
the committee on military affairs. In
1861 he took part in the war as colonel
of volunteers; raised and took into the
field the eighth regiment of Illinois cav
alry, serving in the army of the Potomac
until 1863. In 1863 and 1864 he raised the
seventeenth regiment of Illinois volun
teers by order of the war department; and
was brevetted a brigadier-general in 1862.
He was re-elected to the thirty-ninth con
gress; was a regent of the Smithsonian
institution; was a delegate to the Pitts-
burg soldiers' convention of 1866; and was
re-elected to the fortieth, forty-first, and
forty-second congresses as a republican.
FARNSWORTH, PHILO JUDSON.
physician, was born Jan. 9, 1832, in West-
ford, Vt. He is one of the foremost phy
sicians of Iowa at Clinton.
FARQUHAR, ARTHUR B., manufac
turer, author, was born Sept. 28, 1838, in
Montgomery county, Md. In 1889 he or
ganized the A. B. Farquhar company,
manufacturers of agricultural implements.
He is the author of a work entitled Eco
nomic and Industrial Delusions.
FARQUHAR, JOHN H., soldier, civil
engineer, congressman, was born Dec. 20,
1818, in Frederick county, Md. In 1861
he was commissioned as captain in the
nineteenth United States infantry, in
which capacity he served until 1864, when
he resigned. He was elected a represen
tative from Indiana to the thirty-ninth
congress.
FARQUHAR, JOHN M., soldier, journal
ist, manufacturer, congressman, was born
April 17, 1832, in Scotland. He served
throughout the civil war, rising to the
rank of major, and acting as judge-advo
cate and as inspector on staff duty. In
1884 he was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-ninth congress, and
was re-elected to the fiftieth and fifty-
first congresses as a republican.
FARR, ELIZA, poet. She has written
extensively for the periodical press, and
several of her poems have been given a
place in standard collections.
FARR, EVARTS W., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 10, 1840, in
Littleton, N. H. He served throughout the
war, rising to the rank of major. He was
appointed assessor of internal revenue in
1870, and continued to serve until the office
was abolished in 1873. He was prosecut
ing attorney for Grafton county in 1873
and 1876; and was a member of the
executive council in 1876. He was elected
a representative from New Hampshire
to the forty-sixth congress. He died Nov.
30, 1880.
FARRAGUT, DAVID GLASGOW, was
born July 5, 1801, near Knoxville, Tenn.
He was America's great admiral. His
capture of New Or
leans and Mobile
during the civil war
created for him a
name equal in fear
less bravery to Nel
son; and in gran
deur of character to
the illustrious Col-
lingwood. He (Hod
Aug. 14, 1870, in
Portsmouth, N.H. A
monument to his
honor stands in Mad
ison square, New York city.
FARRAND, SAMUEL ASHBEL, edu
cator, was born June 4, 1830, in Bridport,
Vt. For twenty-eight years he has been
head-master of the Newark academy,
Newark, N. J.; and is one of the fore
most educators of the east.
FARRAR, CHARLES A. J.. author. He
was a New England writer who published
Moosehead Lake and the North Maine
Wilderness; Camp Life in the Wilder
ness; The Lake and Forest Series; Wild-
Woods Life; and From Lake to Lake. He
died in 1893.
FARRAR, MRS. ELIZA W A R H
[ROTCH], author, was born in 1791, in
Flanders. She was a writer of Cambridge
who was the wife of a professor of math
ematics in Harvard university. She was
educated in England, where her first book,
Congo in Search of his Master, was writ
ten. Her other works include The Chil
dren's Robinson Crusoe; The Young
Lady's Friend; Life of Howard; The
Story of Lafayette; Youth's Love- Let
ters; and Recollections of Seventy Years.
She died April 22, 1870, in Springfield,
Mass.
FARRAR, FERDINANDO R., lawyer,
jurist, lecturer, was born Jan. 7, 1828, in
Prince Edward county, Va. He received
his education at the Princeton college
and the university of Virginia. He served
with distinction as a judge for twenty-
seven years; and for thirty years as a
lecturer. He began his professional ca
reer as lecturer in 1866 with his famous
Johnny Reb as his only subject, to which
he has added since Lights and Shadows;
Rip Van Winkle; The American Eagle;
and four others, all popular and clever
creations.
FARRAR, HENRY, artist, was born
March 23, 1843, in London, England. His
principal works are On the East River; A
Hot Day; A Calm Afternoon; Sunset,
Coast of Maine; The Silent Tongue; The
Old Homestead at Twilight; and a No
vember Day.
FARRAR, JOHN, educator, was born
July 1, 1779, in Lincoln, Mass. He pub
lished for the use of his pupils a trans
lation of Lacroix's Elements of Algebra
(1818), which he followed by selections
from Legendre, Biot, Bezant, and others.
These works were at once adopted as
text-books by Harvard, the United States
Military academy, and other institutions.
He died May 8, 1858, in Cambridge, Mass.
FARRAR, SAMUEL, lawyer, banker,
was born in 1784, in Lincoln, Mass. He
was one of the chief founders of the An-
dover Theological seminary, and for
thirty-eight years was treasurer of that
institution and of Phillips academy. He
was the first president of the Andover
bank, and held the office thirty years.
He died May 13, 1864, in Andover, Mass.
FARRAR, THOMAS CHARLES, artist,
was born Dec. 16, 1838, in London. He
came to New York in 1858; and attained
success as an instructor in his art. He
served in the union army during the civil
war, and, in 1869 returned to London,
where he has since resided. Among his
works exhibited at the National academy
in New York were Field-Lily, and Twi
light on the Hudson (1867); Beach at Has
tings, and English Farm.
FARRAR, TIMOTHY, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 11, 1747. in Concord,
Mass. He was a major in the revolution
ary army, and after the war became a
justice of the court of common pleas of
New Hampshire. He died Feb. 21, 1849,
in Hollis, N. H.
FARRAR, TIMOTHY, jurist, author,
was born March 17, 1788, in New Ipswich,
N. H. He was a New Hampshire jurist;
and the author of Report of Dartmouth
College Case; Reviews of the Dred Scott
Decision; and Manual of the United
States Constitution. He died Oct. 27, 1874,
in Boston, Mass.
FARREL, FRANKLIN, manufacturer,
was born Feb. 17, 1828, in Waterbury,
Conn. The Bridgeport Forge Co., a con
cern of which Mr.
Farrel is president
and principal owner,
was organized and
located in Ansonia,
Conn. The Bridge
port Copper Co. was
organized soon after-
ward through the ef
forts of Mr. Farrel,
and its first buildings
erected in the same
locality. He became
identified with the
Parrot Silver and Copper Co., of Butte
City, Mont., and the first mine was worked
in 1877.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
353
FARRELL, JEREMIAH W., railroad
contractor, was born Jan. 22, 1861, in Jef
ferson county, N. Y. For ten years he
was a member of the democratic state
central committee; was judge of awards
at the World's Columbian exposition; and
was a member of the state board of trans
portation. He is a successful railroad con
tractor of Orleans, Neb.
FARRELLY, HUGH P., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Sept. 2, 1858, in Greene
county, 111. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of Kansas at Chanute, and in
1887 and 1890 was its city attorney. Dur
ing 1891-94 he was county attorney of
Neosho county; and is now a member of
the state senate from the thirteenth dis
trict, consisting of Neosho and Wilson
counties.
FARRELLY. JOHN W., state senator,
congressman, was born in July, 1809, in
Meadville, Pa. He was a member of the
state legislature in 1828; a state senator
from 1838 to 1841; and a representative
in congress from that state from 1847 to
1849. He was sixth auditor of the treas
ury from 1849 to 1853. He died in Wash
ington.
FARRELLY, PATRICK, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1760, in Ireland.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1821 to 1826. He died
Jan. 12, 1826, in Meadville, Pa.
FARRINGTON, JAMES, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1791, in New
Hampshire. He was a member of the
stfete legislature in 1830, 1832, and 1833,
and was a representative in congress from
1837 to 1839. He died Oct. 29, 1859, in
Rochester. N. Y.
FARRIS, JOHN W., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, was born Jan. 20, 1846, in
Marion county, 111. He served during the
civil war in the forty-eighth Illinois in
fantry, and attained the rank of second
lieutenant and adjutant. He was a state
senator in 1882; prosecuting attorney in
1890; and a member of the Missouri state
legislature in 1896.
FARROW, EDWARD SAMUEL, soldier,
civil engineer, author, was born in 1855,
in Maryland. He was an army officer and
engineer; and the author of West Point
and the Military Academy; A Military
System of Gymnastic Exercises; Moun
tain Scouting; Pack Mules and Packing;
and Farrow's Military Encyclopaedia.
FARROW, SAMUEL, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1760, in Vir
ginia. He was elected to congress from
South Carolina as a representative for the
terms from 1813 to 1817, but resigned in
1816. He served in the state legislature
from 1817 to 1821. He died Nov. 18, 1824,
in Columbia, Va.
FARWELL, CHARLES B., merchant,
congressman, United States senator, was
born July 1, 1823, in Painted Post, N. Y.
He was elected coun
ty clerk in 1853, and
re-elected in 1857.
He was appointed
a member of the
state board of equal-
ization in 1867;
chairman of board of
supervisors in 1868;
and was appointed
national bank exam
iner in 1869. He was
elected to the forty-
second, forty- third,
forty-fourth and forty-seventh congresses,
and was subsequently elected to the
United States senate.
23
FARWELL, JOHN VILLIERS, mer
chant, capitalist, was born July 29, 1825,
in Mead's Creek, N. Y. He is vice-presi
dent and treasurer of the John V. Farwell
Co., one of the largest dry goods jobbing
houses in the northwest; and has been
identified with the commercial life of Chi
cago about fifty years. He is also presi
dent of the Colorado Consolidated Land
and Water Co., which is building a long
irrigating canal in Montezuma county,
Col. He was Indian commissioner during
General Grant's first term as president.
In 1887, in company with his brother
Charles, he built the state house of Texas
in exchange for three million acres of
land.
FARWELL, NATHAN ALLEN, United
States senator, was born in 1812, in Unity,
Maine. He was a member of the state sen
ate in 1853, 1854, 1861, and 1862; presiding
as president of that body during the lat
ter year. He was elected to the state leg
islature in 1860, 1863, and 1864; and was
a delegate to the Baltimore convention in
1864. In October of that year he was ap
pointed, and soon afterwards elected, a
senator in congress from Maine to fill a
vacancy.
FARWELL, SAMUEL, contractor, was
born about 1800. He was a resident of
Utica, N. Y., and was known throughout
the United States for fifty years as a con
tractor for the building of public works.
He died Nov. 17, 1875, in Saginaw, Mich.
FARWELL, SEWALL S., soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born April 26,
1834, in Coshocton county, Ohio. He
served as a captain in the union army
from 1862 to 1865. He was elected a state
senator in 1865 and served four years;
was assessor of internal revenue from
1869 to 1873; and was collector of inter
nal revenue from 1875 to 1881. He was
elected a representative from Iowa to the
forty-seventh congress.
FASNACHT, CHARLES H., soldier, was
born March 27, 1842, in Lancaster county,
Pa. He enlisted in 1861 in the ninety-
ninth Pennsylvania regiment, and mus
tered out of service in July, 1865, as first
lieutenant. For his gallantry he received
the United States medal of honor, a silver
medal from the directors of the sanitary
fair at Philadelphia, and the bronze
Kearny badge.
FASQUELLE, JEAN LOUIS, educator,
author, was born in 1808, in France. He
was a French educator who came to
America in 1834, and was professor of
modern languages at Michigan university
in 1846-62. He was the author of Lessons
in French; French Course; Telfimaque,
with Notes and Grammatical References;
and General and Idiomatic Dictionary of
the French and English Languages. He
died in 1862, in Michigan.
FASSETT, CORNELIA ADELE, artist,
was born Nov. 9, 1831, in Owasco, N. Y.
She has executed portraits of Vice-Presi-
clent Henry Wilson, Justices Miller and
Field, Chief- Justice Waite, President Gar-
field, John A. Logan, Clara Barton, and
others, and in 1877-80 painted The Elec
toral Commission in Open Session, con
taining portraits of about two hundred
persons.
FASSETT, JACOB SLOAT, lawyer, leg
islator, was born Nov. 13, 1853, in Elmira,
N. Y. In 1875 he graduated from the
Rochester university; and in 1878 was ad
mitted to the bar. The same year he was
commissioned district attorney for the
county of Chemung; and subsequently
studied abroad. During 1884-92 he was a
member of the New York state senate;
• and for a while was temporary president
of the senate. In 1888 he was a delegate
to the republican national convention; in
1891 was nominated by the republicans
for governor of New York; and has al
ways taken a prominent part in public
affairs. He is engaged in several large
business enterprises; controls the El
mira Daily Advertiser; and the manage
ment of the Second National bank; and
is the responsible manager of the little
mining town of Banner, Idaho.
FAULK, ANDREW J., governor, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was appointed
governor of the territory of Dakota in
1866, residing at Yankton, and remaining
in office until 1869.
FAULKNER, CHARLES JAMES, was
born about 1806, in Martinsburg, W. Va.
In 1841 he was elected to the senate of
Virginia, and in 1848 was elected to the
house of delegates. In 1850 he was a
member of the convention formed to re
vise the constitution of the state. In 1851
he was elected a representative in con
gress; and was re-elected to four suc
cessive congresses. In the civil war he
acted as chief of staff for General Stone
wall Jackson, and wrote all his reports
and dispatches; and in 1872 was a mem
ber of the convention to frame a consti
tution for West Virginia. He was also
elected to the forty-fourth congress. He
died Nov. 1, 1884, in Boydville, W. Va.
FAULKNER, CHARLES JAMES, sol
dier, jurist, United States senator, was
born Sept. 21, 1847, in Martinsburg, W.
Va. In 1880 he was
elected judge of the
thirteenth judicial
circuit, composed of
the counties of Jef
ferson, Morgan, and
Berkeley; and was
elected to the United
States senate as a
democrat, and took
his seat March 4,
1887. He was re-
elected in 1893. He
was permanent
chairman of the democratic state conven
tion of West Virginia in 1888, and was
both temporary and permanent chairman
of the democratic state convention of
1892; and was chairman of the democratic
congressional campaign committee in 1894
and 1896.
FAUNCE, DAVID WORCESTER, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 3, 1829,
in Plymouth, Mass. He is a baptist min
ister of New England; and the author of
Words and Works of Jesus; Words and
Acts of the Apostles; The Christian in
the World; A Young Man's Difficulties
with his Bible; and The Resurrection in
Nature and Revelation.
FAUNTLEROY, THOMAS TURNER,
soldier, was born Oct. 6, 1796, in Rich
mond county, Va. He was commissioned
a lieutenant in the war of 1812-15 when
but seventeen years old. He studied law
in Winchester, practiced in Warrenton,
and in 1823 was elected to the legislature.
In 1836 he was commissioned a major of
dragoons in the regular army, and served
in the Seminole war. In 1861 he entered
the confederate service. He was commis
sioned a brigadier-general by the conven
tion of Virginia, and placed in command
of Richmond and its defences. He died
Sept. 12, 1883, in Leesburg, Va.
FAUQUIER/ FRANCIS, governor, was
born about 1720. He succeeded Dinwiddie
as governor of Virginia in 1758; and after
that was lieutenant-governor until his
death. He died March 3, 1768, in Virginia.
354
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FAVILLE, HENRY, clergyman, and
founder of the Sunday Evening Club
movement, was born July 7, 1847, in Mil-
ford, Wis. He is a distinguished clergy
man of Wisconsin, and now fills a pas
torate in La Crosse.
FAWCETT, EDGAR, author, was born
May 26, 1847, in New York city. He is
the author of An Ambitious Woman; Fa
bian Dimitry; A Gentleman of Leisure;
A Hopeless Case; Olivia Delaplaine;
Asses' Ears; A New York Family; The
Confessions of Claude; Purple and Fine
Linen; A Mild Barbarian; The House
at High Bridge; Social Silhouettes; The
Adventures of a Widow; Tinkling Cym
bals; Rutherford; Douglas Duane; Ellen
Story A Demoralizing Marriage; A
Man's' Will; Miriam Balestier. Inverse
he has published Short Poems for Short
People; The Buntling Ball, a satire;
Poems of Fantasy and Passion; Romance
and Revery; Song and Story; Songs of
Doubt and Dream; and The New King
Arthur. He has also written Agnosticism,
and Other Essays.
FAWCETT, LEMUEL S., soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born June 24, 1845, in
Overton, Pa. He served as a soldier in
the union army; and since 1873 has prac
ticed law in Houston, Texas, where he is
judge of his county. He is a logical
«p«aker and a well known political writer.
FAWCETT, MARY HUESTIS, author,
poet, was born in May, 1843, in Ohio.
She was educated in the Mount Pleasant
seminary of Ohio, and for many years
has contributed both prose and verse to
periodical literature. In 1880 she pub
lished a volume of poems; and in 1890
appeared a second volume entitled Ernest
ine and Other Poems.
FAXON, EDGAR WADE, lawyer, jour
nalist, legislator, was born Jan. 22, 1857,
near Piano, 111. He attended the com
mon schools and col
leges of Normal and
Naperville, 111., and
graduated ^ln the
Latin s c i e n t i fi c
course, and from the
Chicago College of
Law. He served
with distinction as a
member of the thir
ty-fifth general as
sembly of Illinois;
and was chairman of
the committee of ag
riculture. He was the owner and pub
lisher of The Journal of Amboy, 111., dur
ing 1879-81; and since 1880 has owned and
conducted a farm at Fox, 111. He is now
the owner and editor of the Kendall Coun
ty News of Piano, 111.; and is a proml-
rent and able lawyer of that city.
FAXON, HENRY W., journalist, was
born about 1830, in Buffalo, N. Y. In
1861 he became an army correspondent for
New York papers. Among his most
noted efforts were the Silver Lake Snake
Story; and the A. P. L. Parin Papers.
He died Sept. 11, 1864, in Washington,
D. C.
FAXON, WILLIAM, journalist, public
official, was born April 27, 1822, in Hart
ford, Conn. He was one of the editors and
proprietors of the Hartford Courant; and
in 18f>6 established the Hartford Press, the
first republican paper in Connecticut. He
was chief clerk of the navy department
from 1861 to 1866; and assistant secretary
of the navy from 1866 to 1869.
FAY, AMY, musician, author, was born
In 1844, in Louisiana. She is a Chicago
musician; and the author of Music Study
in Germany.
FAY, EDWARD ALLEN, educator, au
thor was born Nov. 22, 1843, in Morris-
town, N. J. He has been prominent in
educational work, and was editor of
American Annals of the Deaf. He is the
author of Concordance of the Divina
Commedia, and other works.
FAY, FRANCIS BALL, merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born June 12,
1793, in Southborough, Mass. He was a
member of the Massachusetts senate in
1842 and 1845; mayor of Chelsea in 1857;
and was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1852 to 1853. He died
Oct. 6, 1876, in South Lancaster, Mass.
FAY, FRANKLIN BRIGHAM, state
senator, was born Jan. 24, 1821, in South-
boro. Mass. In 1851 he was a member of
the Massachusetts state legislature; and
in 1867 served with distinction as a state
senator. During 1861-63 he was mayor of
Chelsea, Mass.
FAY, GEORGE H., soldier, lawyer, leg
islator, jurist, was born Feb. 24, 1842, in
Hudson, N. H. During 1861-65 he served
as a soldier in the civil war and became
captain of the United States volunteers.
He was a member of the house of repre
sentatives of the constitutional conven
tion of North Dakota in 1891; and has
been state's attorney and county judge of
. Mclntosh county, N. D.
FAY, JAMES A., lawyer, jurist, was
born May 10, 1813, in Northampton, N. Y.
In 1867 he was appointed judge of the
criminal court. He died April 9, 1876.
FAY, JOHN, congressman, was born in
Worcester county, Mass. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1819 to 1821.
FAY. JONAS, surgeon, jurist, congress
man, was born Jan. 17, 1737, in Hard-
wick, Mass. He was author of the declar
ation submitted to congress. He was sec
retary of the state constitutional conven
tion of that year, and a member of the
council of safety; and a member of the
state council from 1778 to 1785. He was
judge of the supreme court in 1782; judge
of probate from 1772 to 1787; and agent
of the state to congress in 1777, 1779, 1781,
and 1782. He died March 6, 1818, in Ben-
nington, Vt.
FAY, JOSEPH STORY, merchant, farm
er, was born Dec. 8, 1812, in Cambridge,
Mass. He was a successful merchant of
Savannah, Ga., and for over forty years
has been a farmer at Woods Holl, Mass.
He has reclaimed by cultivating several
hundred acres of land into a magnificent
forest of pine trees; and is a member of
the American forestry congress.
FAY, ORLIN PRENTICE, soldier, gen
ealogist, was born Sept. 13, 1820, in
Plattsburgh, N. Y. He received his edu
cation at the Frank
lin academy of his
native city. He was
a soldier in the
^j, union army during
the civil war; and is
now a pensioner.
For many years he
has been a band
^^ teacher at Vermont-
^ ' W \ ill,., Mich. He has
£ I been county and
«..jM state deputy grand
worthy chief Templar
of New York state; and has filled nu
merous other positions of trust. For sev
eral years he has been engaged on a Gen
ealogy of the Fay Family, which will be
published in 1898.
FAY, THEODORE SEDGEWICK. jour
nalist diplomat, author, was born Feb. 10,
1807, in New York. He is a writer who
belongs to the gen
eration of literary
New Yorkers which
included Halleck,
Willis, and Bryant.
He was secretary of
legation at Berlin,
1837-53, minister to
Switzerland 1853-61.
He has since lived in
Berlin. The novel
Norman Leslie is his.
best known work.
Others are. Dreams
and Reveries of a Quiet Man; The
Minute Book, a record of travel; Coun-
tees Ida; Hoboken, a romance of New
York; Sidney Clifton; Robert Rueful; Ul-
ric, a \olume of verse; Views of Christi
anity; Great Outlines of Geography; His
tory of Switzerland; and History of the
Three Germanys.
FAYERWEATHER, LUCY, philanthro
pist. She attained note as a philanthro
pist. She died in 1892.
FEARING, BENJAMIN DANA, soldier,
was born Oct. 10, 1837, in Harmar, Ohio.
In 1862 he was made lieutenant-colonel of
the ntnety - second
Ohio, which he had
assisted in raising,
and was promoted to
J^M colonel in 1863. He
defended Hoover's.
Gap at the head, of
three regiments, and
distinguished h i m -
self at Chickamauga,
where he was severe
ly wounded. He was
brevetted brigadier-
general of volun
teers; and commanded a brigade in Sher
man's march to the sea. He died Dec.
9, 1881, in Harmar, Ohio.
FEARING, DANIEL BUTLER, capital
ist, was born Aug. 14, 1859, in Newport,
R. I. He has been school commissioner
and alderman of Newport, R. I.; was
elected mayor in 1893; and is a director
of the National Bank of Rhode Island.
FEARING, LILLIEN B., lawyer, poet.
' She is the author of The Sleepy World
and Other Poems; In the City by the
Lake; and Roberta.
FEARING, PAUL, lawyer, jurist, con-
gres man, was born Feb. 28, 1762, In
Wareham, Mass. He was appointed
United States attorney for Washington
county, Ohio territory; and in 1797 was
appointed judge of probate for his county.
He was a member of the first legislative
council of Ohio in 1799, and in 1801 was
chosen a delegate to congress, serving un
til 1803. In 1814 he was appointed master
commissioner in chancery, and from 1810
to 1817 was judge in one of the state
courts. He died Aug. 21, 1822.
FEARN, WALTER, soldier, lawyer, dip
lomat, was born Jan. 13, 1832, in Ilunts-
ville, Ala. He went as secretary to the
United States minister to Belgium; and
in 1856 was appointed secretary of the le
gation of the United States at Mexico.
He was professor of Spanish and Italian
in the university of Louisiana, when, in
1885, he was appointed United States min
ister resident and consul general to
Greece, Roumania, and Servia.
FEASTER, THOMAS J., physician,
banker, state legislator, was born Oct. 12,
1860, in Warsaw, Mo. He is a successful
physician and banker of China Springs,
Mo.; and has served with distinction as a
representative in the thirty-ninth general
assembly of Missouri.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
355
FEATHERSTON, LEWIS PORTER,
planter, congressman, was born July 28,
1851, in Oxford, Miss. He removed to St.
Francis county, Ark., where he engaged
in planting. He was elected to the state
house of representatives in 1886 for the
term of 1887-88. He was elected to con
gress in 1888, but counted out; contested
and was seated March 5, 1890.
FEATHERSTON, WINFIELD SCOTT,
soldier, congressman, was born Aug. 8,
1S21, in Rutherford county, Tenn. He was
elected to congress as a democrat, and
served in 1847-51, but was defeated for a
third term by the union candidate. He
took part in the rebellion of 1861-65 as a
brigadier-general.
FEBIGER, CHRISTIAN, soldier, was
born in 1746, in Denmark. He served in
the revolutionary war, retiring from ac
tive service Jan. 1, 1783, and was bre-
vetted brigadier-general in the following
September. He died Sept. 20, 1796, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
FEBIGER, JOHN CARSON, naval of
ficer, was born Feb. 14, 1821, in Pittsburg,
Pa. He served in the United States navy
during the civil war; attained the rank
of commodore; and in 1882 he was made
rear admiral in the United States navy.
FECHTER, CHARLES ALBERT, actor,
was born Oct. 23, 1824, in London, Eng
land. He came to New York and appeared
for the first time on the American stage
at Niblo's garden in 1870, as Ruy Bias.
The last part which he created was Karl
in Lover's Penance, produced at the Park
theater in 1874. He died Aug. 5, 1879.
FEEHAN, PATRICK A., Roman catho
lic archbishop, was born in 1829, in Ire
land. He acquired great reputation as
pastor of the Church of the Immaculate
Conception in St. Louis, and in 1865 was
consecrated bishop of Nashville, Tenn.;
and is now archbishop of Chicago.
FEGELY, WILLIAM OLIVER, clergy
man, poet, was born Jan. 8, 1867, in Brein-
igsville, Pa. After receiving his educa
tion at the Keystone Normal school of
Kutztown, Pa., he taught school. In 1887
he entered Muhlenberg college of Allen-
town and graduated in 1890. He then
studied theology at the Lutheran Theo
logical seminary; and has since attained
success as a clergyman. His poems have
been given a place in several standard
works.
FEGLEY, HARRY WINSLOW, educa
tor, librarian, was born July 2, 1871, in
Hereford, Pa. He attended Ursinus and
Eastman colleges; taught school for sev
eral years; and was elected president of the
Hereford Literary society, the oldest so
ciety of its kind in eastern Pennsylvania,
and which office he still fills, being also
its librarian.
FEHR, FRANK, brewer, was born
March 3, 1844, in Germany. He founded
the firm of Brohm and Fehr of Louis
ville, Ky.; soon became sole proprietor,
and so continued until the firm was in
corporated in 1890, when he generously
admitted to partnership every man who
had been with him five years. He died
March 15, 1891.
FEHR, HERMAN, lawyer, was born
Feb. 27, 1865, in Milwaukee, Wis. Since
1886 he has been engaged in the practice
of law in his native city, and has achieved
eminence at the bar.
FEHR, JULIUS, physician, pharmacist,
was born March 29, 1825, in Germany.
After experimenting for several years, he
succeeded in perfecting his celebrated
preparation of compound talcum. From
a small beginning in 1873, the manufac
ture of Fehr's compound talcum grew to
be a large and increasing business, extend
ing not only through the United States,
but to foreign lands.
FEININGER, CHARLES WILLIAM
FREDERICK, composer, was born July
31, 1844, in Germany. He has written
symphonies and overtures for orchestra
and operetta choruses and songs.
FELCH, ALPHEUS, lawyer, jurist, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born
Sept. 28, 1806, in Limerick, Maine. He
was a member of the
Michigan state legis
lature in 1836 and
1837; was appointed
bank commissioner
of Michigan in 1838,
and resigned in 1839;
for a short time in
1842 was auditor
general of the state,
but relinquished that
position for a seat on
the bench of the su
preme court of Mich
igan. In 1845 he was elected governor;
resigned in 1847, and was elected a sen
ator in congress for six years; and was a
delegate to the Chicago convention of
1864. For many years he was professor
of law in the university of Michigan.
FELCH, WILL FARRAND, author,
poet, was born in Columbus, Ohio. He
has written several works of fiction, a few
dramas, and a volume of poems entitled
Legends and Lyrics.
FELDER, JOHN MYERS, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born July 7, 1782,
in Orangeburg, S. C. He was a member
of the state assembly in 1812, and subse
quently of the senate. He was a trustee
of South Carolina college; served as a
major of militia; and was a representa
tive in congress from South Carolina from
1831 to 1835. He died Sept. 1, 1851, in
Union Point, Ga.
FELKER, CHARLES W., soldier, edu
cator, lawyer, was born Nov. 25, 1834, in
Penn Yan, N. Y. He received a liberal
education, and attended the Brockport
Collegiate institute. During the civil war
he served gallantly as captain of the for
ty-eighth regiment Wisconsin volunteer
infantry. Since 1875 he has been actively
engaged in the profession of law at Osh-
kosh, Wis. He has served as postmaster
of his city; as alderman; and as superin
tendent of schools.
FELL, GEORGE E., physician, surgeon,
was born July 10, 1849, in Chippewa, On
tario, Canada. He has been professor of
physiology and microscopy in the univer
sity of Niagara. He was the first to prac
tically demonstrate the value of forced
respiration in saving human life.
FELL, JOHN, congressman. He was a
delegate from New Jersey to the conti
nental congress from 1778 to 1780.
FELL, THOMAS, clergyman, college
president, was born July 15, 1851, in Liv
erpool, England. He is best known as the
honored president of the St. John's col
lege of Annapolis, Md.
FELLOWS, ISAIAH, lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 20, 1860, in England. In 1868
he emigrated with his parents to Ameri
ca, and has since lived in Cohoes, N. Y.
In 1891 he was elected school commission
er; and the same year was appointed a
member of the hospital commission. In
1896 he was appointed for a term of four
years judge of the recorder's court of
his city, with criminal jurisdiction. He
has a large practice in railroad and life
insurance litigation.
FELLOWS, JOHN, soldier, was born in
1733, in Pomfret, Conn. He served in the
French and Indian war; and was a mem
ber of the Massachusetts provincial con
gress in 1775. He died Aug. 1, 1808, in
Sheffield, Mass.
FELLOWS, JOHN, author, was born in
1760, in Sheffield, Mass. He was the an-
thor of The Veil Removed; and Mysteries
of Free Masonry. He died in 1844.
FELLOWS, JOHN R., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 29, 1832 in
Troy, N. Y. He settled in Arkansas,
and was elected to the state senate. He
removed to New York city in 1868; was
appointed assistant district attorney in
1869; and was elected district attorney in
1887. He was elected to the fifty-second
congress as a democrat.
FELLOWS, SAMUEL M., college presi
dent, was born Nov. 23, 1818, in North
Sandwich, N. H. In 1859 he was elected
president of Cornell college of Mt. Ver-
non, Iowa, serving until 1863. He died
June 26, 1863.
FELT, DAVID P., journalist, was born
Aug. 7, 1860, in Salt Lake City, Utah. He
is prominent in the newspaper world, and
is editor and owner of the Independent of
Springville, Utah. In 1897 he was elected
president of the Utah Press association.
FELT, JOSEPH BARLOW, clergyman,
author, was born Dec. 22, 1789, in Salem,
Mass. He was a congregational minister
of Massachusetts who, after retiring from
the ministry, devoted himself to anti
quarian research at Salem. He was the
author of Annals of Salem; History of
Ipswich, Essex, and Hamilton; Histori
cal Account of Massachusetts Currency
Memoirs of Hugh Peters; The Customs of
New England; and Ecclesiastical History
of New England. He died in 1869.
FELTON, CHARLES N., public official
congressman, was born in 1832, in Erie
county, N. Y. He was under-sheriff of
Yuba county, Cal., in 1857; was elected
tax collector of that county; and served
two terms as a representative in the Cali
fornia legislature. He served as officer
of the United States mint at San Fran
cisco for six years, a part of the time as
assistant treasurer, and the remainder as
treasurer of the mint. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from California
to the forty-ninth congress; and was re-
elected to the fiftieth as a republican; and
in 1891-93 served as United States senator
to fill a vacancy.
FELTON, CORNELIUS CONWAY, edu
cator, author, was born Nov. 6, 1807, in
West Newbury, Mass. He was a Greek
scholar of eminence
who was president of
Harvard college in
1860-62. Besides his
many translations
from the Greek,
among which The
Clouds and The
Birds of Aristo
phanes are the most
noteworthy, he pub
lished Selections
from Modern Greek
Writers, with Notes;
Familiar Letters from Europe; and
Greece, Ancient and Modern. He died
Feb. 26, 1862, in Chester, Pa.
FELTON, JOHN BROOKS, lawyer, was
born in 1827, in Sangus, Mass. He was
mayor of Oakland, where he lived; and
was for many years a regent of the uni
versity of California, of which he was one
of the founders. He died May 3, 1877, in
Oakland, Cal.
356
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FELTON, SAMUEL MORSE, civil en
gineer, was born July 17, 1809, in New-
bury, Mass. He became superintendent
and engineer of the Fitchburg railroad in
1843, and left it in 1851 to become the
president of the Philadelphia, Wilming
ton and Baltimore road, where he re
mained until 1865. He died Jan. 24, 1889,
in Harvard, Pa.
FELTON, SAMUEL MORSE, railroad
president, was born Feb. 3, 1853, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is president of the Cin
cinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific
railway.
FENDALL, JOSIAS, governor, was born
in England. In 1657 he was elected gov
ernor of Maryland, serving until 1660.
FENN, F. M. O., lawyer, jurist, was
born Nov. 9, 1860, in Fort Bend county,
Texas. He attended the Roanoke college,
Virginia, and the university of Virginia;
and is the holder of the orator's medal
from both institutions. He has attained
success as an able lawyer of Richmond,
Texas, where he has always taken great
interest in the public affairs of his county
and state. In 1895 he was appointed
special judge for Fort Bend county, Tex.,
by Governor C. A. Culberson; but he de
clined to serve in that office, preferring to
give his large legal practice the benefit
of his time and ability.
FENN, HARRY, artist, was born Sept.
14, 1838, in Surrey, England. He has
achieved great success as an illustrator of
books. Some of his best work is con
tained in Picturesque America, Pictur
esque Europe, and Picturesque Palestine.
FENN, STEPHEN S., farmer, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 28, 1820,
in Watertown, Conn. He was a member
of the legislative council of Idaho in 1864
and 1865; district attorney in 1869; and
again in the assembly in 1872, and served
as speaker of the house of representa
tives. He was elected a delegate from
Idaho to the forty-fourth congress; and
re-elected to the forty-fifth congress.
FENNER, ARTHUR, governor, was
born in 1745, in Providence, R. I. He was
clerk of the superior court of the state;
and was chosen governor in 1789, and
served until his death. He died Oct. 15,
1805, in Providence, R. I.
FENNER, CORNELIUS GEORGE, cler
gyman, poet, was born Dec. 30, 1822, in
Providence, R. I. He was a Unitarian
clergyman at one time in charge of a
church at Cincinnati; and the author of
Poems of Many Moods. He died Jan. 4,
1847, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
FENNER, JAMES, governor, United
States senator, was born in 1771, in Prov
idence, R. I. He was United States sena
tor from 1805 to 1807, when he was
elected governor of Rhode Island, which
office he held for four years. He was again
elected in 1824, and served seven years;
and was again elected in 1844. He was a
presidential elector in 1821, 1827, and 1837;
and was president of the convention that
framed the state constitution in 1842. He
died April 17, 1846, in Providence, R. I.
FENNER, MRS. MARY GALENTINE,
poet, was born May 17, 1839, in Rush, N.
Y. She has written extensively both prose
and verse for current publications; and
is the author of a volume of Poems.
FENNO, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, actor,
was born March 1, 1814, in Boston, Mass.
He appeared in Philadelphia in 1848, at
the Arch Street theater, as Romeo; visited
California in 1850, and went to England
in 1864. He died Feb. 14, 1873, in New
York city.
FENTON, LUCIEN J., banker, congress
man, was born May 7, 1844, in Winchester,
Ohio. He was superintendent of public
schools in Ohio for a
number of years,
serving a portion of
the time as one of
the school examiners
for Adams county;
and was awarded a
high-school life cer
tificate by the Ohio
state board of school
examiners in 1878.
He organized the
Winchester bank in
1884, and still retains
connection therewith. He was appointed
a trustee of the Ohio university by Gov
ernor McKinley in 1892; and was elected
to the fifty-fourth, and re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
FENTON, REUBEN EATON, congress
man, governor, United States senator, was
born July 1, 1819, in Carroll, N. Y. He
was elected a representative in the thirty-
third and thirty-fifth congresses from
New York; and was re-elected to the
thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh, and thirty-
eighth congresses. He resigned to accept
the governorship of New York for 1865
and ]866, to which he had been elected;
and was re-elected to the same position
in 1869. He was elected a senator in con
gress for the term ending in 1875. He died
Aug. 25, 1885, in Jamestown, N. Y.
FENTON, WILLIAM MATTHEW, law
yer, was born Dec. 19, 1808, in Norwich,
N. Y. In 1848 he was elected lieutenant-
governor of Michigan, and re-elected in
1850 and 1851. He died May 13, 1871, in
Flint, Mich.
FENWICK, BENEDICT JOSEPH,
bishop, was born Sept. 3, 1782, in Leonard-
town, Md. In 1817 he was elected presi
dent of Georgetown college; and was at
the same time rector of Trinity college.
In 1825 he was appointed second Ro
man catholic bishop of Boston. He died
Aug. 11, 1846, in Boston, Mass.
FENWICK, CUTHBERT, was born in
England. He sat in the assembly of 1648,
and in several others. He was speaker
of the house of burgesses when it sat
separate from the council in 1649. He
died in 1655, in Fenwick Manor, Md.
FENWICK, EDWARD D., Roman cath
olic bishop, was born in 1768, in St. Mary's
county, Md. In 1805 Father Fenwick
traversed the entire valley of the Missis
sippi on a tour of observation with the
view of finding a suitable center for his
missionary labors. He selected a farm
in Kentucky, paid for it out of his pri
vate fortune, and in the spring of 1806
built on it the Dominican convent of St.
Rose of Lima. He died Sept. 26, 1832, in
Wooster, Ohio.
FENWICK, JOHN R., soldier, was horn
in 1780, in Charleston, S. C. He was
appointed lieutenant of United States ma
rines in 1799. He was commissioned
colonel of the fourth artillery in 1822,
and brevet brigadier-general in 1823. He
died March 19, 1842, in France.
FERDON, JOHN W., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 1828, in
Piermont, N. Y. He was a representa
tive in the state legislature in 1855; a
state senator in 1856 and 1857; and dele
gate to the republican national conven
tions of 1864 and 1876. He was elected a
representative from New York to the
forty-sixth congress as a republican. He
died Aug. 6, 1884.
FERGUSON, BENJAMIN H. S., clergy
man, was born July 14, 1861, in Pickens-
ville, Ala. He received his education at
the Rust university of Holly Springs.
Miss., and subsequently received the de
gree of LL. D. He has attained suc
cess as a clergyman in the methodist epis
copal church; and has been pastor in vari
ous cities in the Upper Mississippi con
ference.
FERGUSON, ELIZABETH, poet, was
born in 1739 in Philadelphia, Pa. She was a
writer of poems and a translator of
French verse. She died Feb. 23, 1801, in
Graeme Park, Pa.
FERGUSON, EMORY C., contractor,
miner, legislator, was born March 5, 1833,
in Westchester county, N. Y. He moved
to San Francisco in 1854, arriving there
one year later. He engaged in mining
and mercantile business, but subsequent
ly settled in Washington, where he be
came a successful carpenter and builder.
In 1864 he was elected to the territorial
legislature, has since served seven ses
sions, and was speaker of the house for
one term. In 1884-85 he was a commis
sioner to the cotton centennial exposition
held in New Orleans. He has been mayor
of the city of Snohomish for six terms,
and is now engaged in quartz mining.
FERGUSON, FENNER, lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 25, 1814, in
Nassau, N. Y. He was master in chan
cery in Albany, N. Y., in 1844; also mas
ter in chancery in Michigan, and a mem
ber of the Michigan legislature, and pros
ecuting attorney. In 1854 he was appoint
ed chief justice of the territory of Ne
braska, which office he resigned, after be
ing elected a delegate to the thirty-fifth
congress from that territory. He died in
November, 1859, in Bellevue, Nebraska
territory.
FERGUSON, HENRY CLAY, lawyer,
was born Dec. 1, 1846, in Butler county,
Ky. He has attained success as one of the
leading lawyers of Texas, where he has
a large practice in Denton.
FERGUSON, JAMES, civil engineer,
astronomer, was born Aug. 31, 1797, in
Scotland. He has been a valued contrib
utor to discoveries in astronomy and an
assistant in determining the boundary
of the United States. He died Sept. 26,
1867.
FERGUSON, SAMUEL DAVID, bishop,
was born Jan. 1, 1842, in Charleston, S. C.
In 1885 he came to the United States, and
was consecrated in Grace church, New
York city, in 1885. Soon afterward he re
turned to Cape Palmas, Liberia, and en
tered upon the duties of his office.
FERGUSSON, H. B., lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 9, 1848, in Alabama.
He belongs to a family that settled in the
south in colonial days, several members of
which distinguished themselves in the
civil and military offices of the colonies
and later in the service of the young re
public; his father was an officer in the
confederate army, and did excellent serv
ice under Gen. Lee until the close of the
struggle; graduated from the Washington
and Lee university, Lexington, Va., with
the degree of M. A., in 1873. He graduated
from the law department of that univer
sity in 1874, and commenced the practice
of his profession at Wheeling, W. Va.,
where he remained until the year 1882.
In 1884 he located in Albuquerque, N. M.,
where he has since successfully practiced
his profession. He was elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a democrat.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
357
FERNALD, BENJAMIN F., lawyer, jur
ist, was born July 10, 1841, in Exeter,
Maine. For many years he was super
intendent of schools in his native state;
has been trial justice; justice of the
peace; and filled various other positions
of honor in his native state. He has con
tributed both prose and verse to the
periodical press.
FERNALD, CHARLES HENRY, natur
alist, author, was born March 16, 1838,
in Mount Desert, Maine. He is a natur
alist who has been professor of zoology at
Massachusetts Agricultural college since
1886; and is the author of Tortricidse of
North America; Butterflies of Maine;
Grasses of Maine; and Sphingidas of New
England.
FERNALD, CHESTER BAILEY, au
thor, was born in 1868. He is a litterateur
of San Francisco; and the author of
The Cat and the Cherub, and Other
Stories.
FERNALD, JAMES CHAMPLIN, au
thor, was born in 1838 in Maine. He is
the author of The Economics of Prohibi
tion; and The New Womanhood.
FERNALD, MERRITT CALDWELL,
educator, was born May 25, 1838, in South
Levant, Maine. He has attained success
as a noted educator.
FERREL, WILLIAM, meteorologist, au
thor, was born in 1817 in Pennsylvania.
He was a distinguished meteorologist em
ployed at various times in the coast sur
vey and the signal service. He was the
author of Recent Advances in Meteorol
ogy; Popular Treatise on the Winds;
and Motions of Fluids and Solids on the
Earth's Surface. He died in 1891.
FERRELL, THOMAS M., state senator,
congressman, was born Jan. 20, 1844, in
Glassboro, N. J. He was a member of the
state assembly in 1879 and 1880; a state
senator in 1881; and was elected a repre
sentative from New Jersey to the forty-
eighth congress as a democrat.
FERRIN, CHESTER M., soldier, physi
cian, was born Sept. 27, 1837, in Holland,
Vt. He has filled the positions of school
trustee, superintendent of schools, com
missioner of insane for the state of Ver
mont, and for thirty years has been sec
retary of the Eighth Vermont Regiment
association. He served three years in the
civil war, and is now commander of Sher
man post. Grand Army of the Republic, at
Essex, Vt. He has been successfully en
gaged in the practice of medicine since
1865, and since 1872 at Essex Junction,
Vt. In 1897 he was elected a member of
the Vermont state legislature.
FERRIS, A. F., banker, state legislator,
was born in 1865 in Perrysburg, N. Y. In
1872 he moved to Minnesota, where he is
president of the First National bank of
Brainerd. In 1891 he was secretary of
the game and fish commission, and vice-
president of the Brainerd board of trade.
He has also served two terms as a member
of the state legislature.
FERRIS, BENJAMIN, author. He was
a watchmaker, lived for many years in
Philadelphia, and was clerk of the Phila
delphia meeting of Friends. He published
History of the Early Settlements on the
Delaware, from its Discovery to the Col
onization under William Penn. He died
in 1867 in Wilmington, Del.
FERRIS, CHARLES G., congressman
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1841 to 1843.
FERRIS, GEORGE TITUS, author. He
was the author of Great German Compo
sers; Great Italian and French Compo
sers; Great Singers; Great Violinists
and Pianists; and Great Leaders.
FERRIS, GEORGE W., civil engineer,
inventor, was born in 1858. He was the
inventor of the Ferris wheel that was the
wonder of engineering at the world's fail-
in Chicago. He died of typhoid fever Nov
22, 1896, in Pittsburg, Pa.
FERRIS, ISAAC, clergyman, was born
Oct. 9, 1798, in New York city. He set
tled in Albany in 1824-36, and at the Mar
ket street church, New York, in 1836-53.
FERRIS, JOHN CHARLES, horticul
turist, author, lecturer, was born Jan. 2,
1835, in Chenango Forks, N. Y. He re
ceived his education in the common
schools of New York and Illinois. He
served as a member in the third territor
ial legislature of Wyoming. He served for
over three years in the civil war, and is
the present commander of the J. W. Mc-
Kinzie post number 81, Grand Army of
the Republic, department of Iowa. For
three terms he was president of the
Northern Iowa Horticultural society, and
is now connected with the Iowa State Hor
ticultural society. He has written exten
sively on subjects of horticulture and has
lectured on that and kindred topics.
FERRIS, JOHN MASON, clergyman,
was born Jan. 17, 1825, in Albany, N. Y.
He became editor of the Christian Intelli
gencer in 1883, and treasurer of the for
eign mission board in 1886. He is the
author of a History of Foreign Missions.
FERRISS, ORANGE, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 26, 1814, in
Glens Falls, N. Y. He was appointed sur
rogate of his county for four years; in
1851 was elected, under the new consti
tution, judge of Warren county, and twice
re-elected, holding the office twelve years
in all. In 1866 he was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the fortieth
congress, and was re-elected to the forty-
first congress. In 1880 he was appointed
second auditor of the United States treas
ury.
FERRY, DEXTER MASON, seedsman
was born Aug. 8, 1833, in Lowville, N Y
He organized the firm of D. M. Ferry and
Co. in 1867. In 1879 the house was in
corporated with Mr. Ferry as president.
He is also president of the First National
bank, the Union Trust company, the
American Harrow company, the American
Blower company, the National Pin com
pany, and other corporations.
FERRY, ELISHA P., governor was
born Aug. 9, 1825, in Monroe, Mich. He
resided at Waukegan until 1869, when he
removed to the territory of Washington.
In 1872 he was appointed governor of the
territory, and reappointed in 1876, serving
until 1880; and was elected again in 1889.
FERRY, ORRIS SANFORD, soldier
lawyer, jurist, congressman, United States
senator, was born Aug. 15, 1823, in Bethel,
Conn. In 1849 he was appointed judge of
probate for the district of Norwalk and
was elected to the state senate in 1855 and
1856. In 1856 he was appointed state's at
torney for the county of Fairfield, which
nosition he continued to fill until 1859,
when he was elected a representative to
the thirty-sixth congress from -Connecti
cut. He served with distinction as a col
onel and brigadier-general in the war for
the union. In 1866 he was elected a sena
tor in congress for the term commencing
March, 1867, and ending in 1873. He was
a delegate to the Philadelphia loyalists'
convention of 1866 and to the soldiers'
convention, held at Pittsburg in 1872. He
was re-elected to the United States sen
ate for six years, for a second full term
He died Nov. 21, 1875, in South Norwalk,
Conn.
FERRY, THOMAS WHITE, congress
man, United States senator, was born June
1, 1827, in Mackinaw, Mich. He was elect
ed to the state legis
lature and to the
state senate in 1856.
In 1864 he was elect
ed a representative
from Michigan to the
thirty - ninth con
gress; was re-elected
to the fortieth, forty-
first and forty-sec
ond congresses, but
did not take his seat
in the latter, as he
was chosen a sena
tor in congress for the term ending in
1877, and was re-elected senator for the
term ending in 1883.
FERRY, WILLIAM MONTAGUE, cler
gyman, was born Sept. 8, 1796, in Granby,
Mass. In 1834 he purchased, with others,
a tract of land in the Grand river valley,
where he founded a settlement and went
extensively into the manufacture of lum
ber. He died Dec. 30, 1867, in Grand Ha
ven, Mich.
FESS, SIMEON DAVIDSON, educator,
lecturer, author, was born Dec. 11, 1861,
in Lima, Ohio. He is favorably known
as a popular lecturer. He is the author of
A Compendium of United States History,
and Outlines of Physiology and Hygiene.
FESSENDEN, FRANCIS, lawyer, sol
dier, was born March 18, 1839, in Portland,
Maine. He served with distinction
through the civil war, and was bre-
vetted major-general. He was subse
quently appointed secretary of the treas
ury, and now practices his profession of
law in Portland, Maine.
FESSENDEN, SAMUEL, soldier, law
yer, was born in Rockland, Maine. He
was appointed second lieutenant in the
fifth Maine battery, Jan. 18, 1865. He is
a lawyer and politician in Stamford, Conn.
FESSENDEN, SAMUEL, lawyer, phil
anthropist, was born July 16, 1784, in
Fryeburg, Maine. In 1815-16 he was in the
general court of Massachusetts, and in
1818-19 represented his district in the
Massachusetts senate. For fourteen years
he was major-general of the twelfth divi
sion of Massachusetts militia. He died
March 13, 1869, in Portland, Maine.
FESSENDEN, SAMUEL CLEMENT,
clergyman, lawyer, congressman, was
born March 7, 1815, in New Gloucester,
Maine. In 1856 he established the Maine
Evangelist; in 1858 entered upon the
practice of law; and soon after was elect
ed judge of the municipal court of Rock-
land. He was elected a representative
from Maine to the thirty-seventh con
gress. In 1865 he was appointed a mem
ber of the board of examiners of the pat
ent office.
FESSENDEN, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1739 in Cambridge,
Mass. He became pastor in Walpole, N.
H., which charge he held from 1767 till
1813. He 'was author of The Science of
Sanctity, and The Boston Self-Styled Gen
tlemen-Reviewers Reviewed. He died in
1813.
FESSENDEN, THOMAS AMORY DE-
BLOISE, lawyer, congressman, was born
Jan. 23, 1826, in Portland, Maine. In 1858
he was appointed aide-de-camp to the gov
ernor of Maine. In 1860 he was elected
to the Maine legislature, and in 1861 was
chosen attorney for the county of Andros-
coggin. which position he held until 1862,
when he was elected a representative from
Maine to the thirty-seventh congress to
fill a vacancy. He died Sept. 28, 1868, in
Lewiston, Maine.
358
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FESSENDEN, THOMAS GREEN, au
thor, poet, was born April 22, 1771, in
Walpole, N. H. He was an agricultural
writer of Boston who edited the New Eng
land Farmer and similar journals, but in
earlier life won considerable attention as
a satirical poet under the name of Chris-
tocher Caustic. He was the author of
Country Lovers and the Terrible Tracto-
ration; poems by which he is re
membered. He published Original Poems;
The Ladies' Monitor; American Clerk's
Companion; Democracy Unveiled; Pills,
Poetical, Political, and Philosophical;
and Laws of Patents for New Inventions.
He died Nov. 11, 1837, In Boston, Mass.
FESSENDEN, WILLIAM PITT, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Oct. 16, 1806, in Boscawen, N. H.
He was a member of
the Maine legislature'
In 1832 and in 1840;
was a representative
in congress from
1841 to 1843, declin
ing further service;
and was again in the
• f V^Jjt state legislature in
jff" 1845 and 1846, and in
1853 and 1854. He
was elected a senator
in congress for six
years, from 1853;
and in 1859 was re-elected for the term of
six years. In 1864 he was elected a sena
tor in congress for the term 1865-71. He
died Sept. 8, 1870, in Portland, Maine.
FESSENGER, JOHN G., physician, sci
entist, inventor, was born Nov. 24, 1844,
in Trenton, Ohio. He served as a union
soldier during the civil war as first lieu
tenant, and was subsequently promoted to
lieutenant-colonel. After the close of the
war he graduated in medicine, and during
1888-93 served as surgeon and physician in
the United States service. He has pat
ented several articles of merit, and has
taken a great interest in scientific sub
jects.
FESSENLER, ORVILLE DAVID, mer
chant, legislator, was born April 11, 1865,
in Boston, Mass. He is a successful mer
chant of Brookline, N. H.; has filled nu
merous public offices of trust, and served
with distinction as a member of the New
Hampshire legislature.
FESTETITTS, MRS. KATE NEELY,
author, was born in 1837 in Virginia. She
Is a. writer of children's books whose
home has been in Washington since 1885.
She is the author of Ellie Randolph; and
A Year at Dangerfield.
FETHERS, OGDEN HOFFMAN, edu
cator, lawyer, was born Sept. 20, 1845, In
Sharon, N. Y. In 1863 he graduated from
the Fort Edward Collegiate institute, and
subsequently received the degrees of A.
M. and LL. D. For many years he was
regent of the university of Wisconsin, and
in 1889 was commissioner from Wisconsin
to the celebration centennial of constitu
tional government. He has attained emi
nence as one of the foremost lawyers of
Wisconsin, and is the senior member of
the leading law firm of Janesville.
FETTER, GEORGE W., educator, was
born Jan. 22, 1827, in Montgomery county,
Pa. For eighteen years he taught gram
mar schools in Philadelphia, where he
was in 1864 elected principal of the girls'
normal school.
FETTEROLF, ADAM H., educator, col
lege president, was born Nov. 24, 1841, in
Montgomery county, Pa. Since 1883 he
has been president of Girard college of
Philadelphia.
FEUCHTWANGER, LEWIS, chemist,
author, was born Jan. 11, 1805, in Bavaria.
He was a noted chemist of New York city
who came to America from Germany in
1829. He was the author of Popular
Treatise on Gems; Elements of Mineral
ogy; Treatise on Fermented Liquors; and
Practical Treatise on Soluble or Water
Glass. He died June 25, 1876, in New
York city.
FEW, IGNATIUS A., college president,
was born April 11, 1789, in Georgia. He
was elected to the presidency of Emory
college in 1837, opened the new institu
tion in 1838, and resigned in 1839, because
of failing health. He died Nov. 28, 1845,
in Athens, Ga.
FEW, WILLIAM, soldier, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
June 8, 1748, in Maryland. In 1778 he was
surveyor-general of the state, and presid
ing judge of the Richmond county court.
In 1780 he was sent as delegate to congress
and was again appointed in 1786. In the
next year he assisted in forming the na
tional constitution, which he duly signed.
After its adoption he was elected a sen
ator in congress, serving from 1789 to
1793. In 1796 he was a member of tLe
convention which framed the constitution
of the state of Georgia. He subsequently
served upon the bench in the legislature
of that state. During the latter years of
his life he resided in the city of New
York, of which he was mayor: and was
elected to the legislature of New York. He
also held the office of commissioner of
loans. He died June 16, 1828, in Fishkill,
N. Y.
FEWKES, JESSE WALTER, ethnolo
gist, author, was born in 1850 in Massa
chusetts. He is an ethnologist of Boston
who has written valuable professional
monographs; and edited the Journal of
American Ethnology and Archaeology.
FEY, CONRAD, business man, state leg
islator, was born June 17, 1831, in Ger
many. In 1847 he settled in Detroit, Mich.,
and since 1862 has resided in East Sagi-
naw, where he has been justice of the
peace for eight years, and police justice
seven years. In 1873-74 he served with
distinction as a member of the Michigan
state legislature.
FICKEN, JOHN F., lawyer, legislator,
was born June 16,1843, in Charleston, S. C.
*'or six successive terms he served with
distinction as a member of the state leg
islature of South Carolina; and was mayor
of Charleston for one term of four years.
FICKETT, FRED WILDON, lawyer,
jurist, explorer, was born Aug. 29, 1867, In
Dixmont, Maine. During 1882-85 he was
in charge of the United States signal ser
vice stations in Southeast Alaska. In
1895 he represented his department of the
government on the famous Copper river
expedition. For two years he served as
judge of police court of Galveston, Texas.
FICKLEN, JOHN ROSE, educator, au
thor, was born Dec. 14, 1858, in Falmouth,
Va. He filled the chair of history and
rhetoric in Tulane university for a num
ber of years, and in 1893 was appointed
professor of history and political science
in the same university. He has recently
published A History of Louisiana, writ
ten with Miss Grace Elizabeth King as
joint author.
FICKLIN, JOSEPH, educator, author,
was born Sept. 9, 1833, in Winchester, Ky.
He is a professor of mathematics in the
university of Missouri who has published
The Complete Algebra; and Elements of
Algebra, and a series of arithmetical text
books.
FICKLIN, ORLANDO B., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1808 in Kentucky.
In 1834 he was a member of the Illinois
legislature, and was attorney for the Wa-
bash circuit in 1835. In 1838 and in 1842
he was again elected to the legislature.
In 1843 he was elected a representative
in congress from Illinois, serving six con
secutive years, and was again elected in
1850. In 1853 he was colonel of militia,
and in 1856 was a presidential elector.
FIEDLER, WILLIAM FREDERICK,
lawyer, jurist, was born Oct. 8, 1862, in
Cleveland, Ohio. He has attained success
as one of the foremost lawyers of Ohio
at Cleveland; has been prosecuting at
torney and judge of the police court, and
takes an active part in public affairs.
FIEDLER, WILLIAM H. F., merchant,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Aug. 25, 1847, in New York city. In 1877
he was elected a representative in the
state legislature, and was re-elected in
1878. In 1879 he was elected mayor of
Newark, serving two years. In 1882 he
was, a third time, elected to the state as
sembly to fill a vacancy, and was elected
a representative from New Jersey to the
forty-eighth congress as a democrat.
FIELD, AARON W. He is a noted law
yer of New Marlborough. Mass., and takes
an active part in all public affairs.
FIELD, ARCHELAUS G., physician,
was born Nov. 15, 1829, in Ontario county,
N. Y. He is an eminent physician and
surgeon of Des Moines, Iowa.
FIELD. BENJAMIN, state senator, was
born June 12, 1816, in Dorset, Vt. In 1854-
55 he was elected to the New York state
senate, and in 1867 was a member of the
constitutional convention. He died in
August, 1876, in Albion, N. Y.
FIELD, BENJAMIN HAZARD, philan
thropist, was born May 2, 1814, in Win
chester county, N. Y. He was president
in 1886 of the Historical society, an in-
corporator of the American museum of
natural history, the Sheltering Arms, and
the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Children, and was president of the free
circulating library and the eye and ear in
firmary. He died March 17, 1893, in New
York city.
FIELD. MRS. CAROLINE LESLIE
WHITNEY, author, poet, was born in
Massachusetts. She is a writer of Guil-
ford, Conn., and the author of High
Lights, a novel; The Unseen King, and
Other Poems.
FIELD, CYRUS WEST, merchant, cap
italist, was born Nov. 30, 1819, in Stock-
bridge, Mass. He organized his first At
lantic Telegraph company in 1856, and
in 1857-58, after repeated trials and fail
ures, was successful; and a message was
sent from the queen and a reply transmit
ted from the president. He died April 9,
1892, in Hudson, N. Y.
FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY, clergyman,
author, was born May 20, 1781, in Madi
son, Conn. He was a congregational cler
gyman of Stockbridge, Mass., and the au
thor of History of Pittsfield; Genealogy of
the Brainerd Family: and Histories of
the Counties of Berkshire and Middlesex.
He died April 15, 1867, in Stockbridge,
Mass.
FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born Feb. 13, 1805, in
Haddam, Conn. He studied law; was ad
mitted to the bar in 1828 and commenced
practice in New York city. In 1857 he
was appointed, by the legislature, chair
man of a commission to prepare a new
code of laws. He was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-
fourth congress to fill a vacancy. His
Speeches and Miscellaneous Papers have
been published In three volumes. He died
in 1894.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
359
FIELD, EUGENE, journalist, author,
poet, was born in 1850 in Maine. He was
a journalist and author of Chicago whose
writing has received much undiscriminat-
ing and damaging praise. He was the
author of The Denver Tribune Primer;
Culture's Garland; A Little Book of Pro
fitable Tales; A Little Book of Western
Verse; Second Book of Verse; Love Songs
of Childhood; With Trumpet and Drum
(verse): Echoes from the Sabine Farm
(with R. M. Field); Songs and Other
Verse; A Second Book of Verse; and The
Holy Cross, and Other Tales. He died in
1895 in Chicago, 111.
FIELD, GEORGE WASHINGTON, law
yer, author. He was the author of Iowa
County and Township Officers; Law of
Damages; Private Corporations for Pe
cuniary Gain; Law of Private Corpora
tions; Constitution and Jurisdiction of
United States Supreme Courts; Field's
Lawyers' Briefs; Field's Medico-Legal
Guide for Doctors and Lawyers; and
Legal Relations of Infants in the State of
New York. He died in 1889.
FIELD, HENRY MARTYN, clergyman,
author, was born April 3, 1822, in Stock-
bridge, Mass. He is a congregational
clergyman, and editor of the New York
Evangelist, whose writings are chiefly
concerned with his extensive travels. He
is the author of From the Lakes of Kil-
larney to the Golden Horn; From Egypt
to Japan; Story of the Atlantic Tele
graph; Among the Holy Hills; Our West
ern Archipelago; The Barbary Coast; On
the Desert; Old Spain and New Spain;
Gibraltar; Bright Skies and Dark Sha
dows; Summer Pictures, from Copenha
gen to Venice; Blood is Thicker than
Water; and The Irish Confederates, or the
Rebellion of 1798. He is a brother of
Cyrus W. Field.
FIELD, HENRY MARTYN, physician,
educator, author, was born Oct. 3, 1837,
in Brighton, Mass. He is a physician and
professor in Dartmouth Medical school.
Evacuant Medication is his only publica
tion.
FIELD, JAMES GAVEN, lawyer, was
born Feb. 24, 1826, in Walnut, Va. He
was attorney for the commonwealth in
his native county from 1860 till 1865.
Since the war he has been attorney-gen
eral of the state.
FIELD, JESSE SOUTHWICK, lawyer,
was born Oct. 3, 1862, in River Falls, Wis.
In 1886 he graduated from the law depart
ment of the university of Wisconsin, and
received the degree of LL. B. He is a
successful lawyer of Prescott, Wis.; has
been district attorney of his county, and
takes a prominent part in the public af
fairs of his city, county and state.
FIELD, JOSEPH M., actor, dramatist,
author, was born in 1810 in London, Eng
land. He was an actor and dramatist of
St. Louis, and the author of The Drama in
Pokerville, and Other Stories. He died
Jan. 30, 1856, in Mobile, Ala.
FIELD, KATE, journalist, author, was
born in 1854. in St. Louis. Mo. In 1890 she
established a literary and critical jour
nal at Washington, which she entitled
Kate Field's Washington. She died in
1897.
FIELD. MARSHALL, merchant, was
born in 1835, in Conway, Mass. His stone
building is believed to be the largest
wholesale store in the world. He recently
gave $1,000,000 towards the great museum
in the art building at the world's fair
grounds, now known as the Field Colum
bian museum.
FIELD, MARTHA REINHARD CATH
ERINE COLE, journalist, was born May
25, 1855, in Lexington, Mo. In 1881 she
became associated with the Picayune, and
her Correspondence Club in that journal
has attracted national attention.
FIELD, MARY KATHERINE KEM-
BLE, journalist, author, was born in 1838
in St. Louis, Mo. She was a journalist
of Washington, and the author of Plan-
chette's Diary; Ten Days in Spain; Pen
Photographs of Dickens's Readings; Hap-
Hazard, Travel Sketches; History of
Bell's Telephone; Adelaide Ristori, a
Biography; and Life of Fechter.
FIELD, MATTHEW C., journalist, was
born in 1812 in London, England. He was
for several years one of the editors of
the New Orleans Picayune, and contrib
uted numerous articles in prose and verse
to southern periodicals. He died in 1844,
at sea.
FIELD, MAUNSELL BRADHURST,
lawyer, author, was born in 1822 in New
York. He was a lawyer of New York city,
and in 1864 was second assistant secre
tary of the treasury. He was the author
of Adrian (with G. P. R. James); Poems;
and Memories of Many Men and Some
Women, a volume of entertaining gossip.
He died Jan. 24, 1875, in New York city.
FIELD, MOSES W., merchant, congress
man, was born Feb. 10, 1828, in Water-
town, N. Y. He was elected to the forty-
third congress as a republican. In 1875
he presented to the city of Detroit a lot
of forty acres of land for a public park.
FIELD, NATHANIEL, physician, was
born Nov. 7, 1805, in Jefferson county, Ky.
In 1829 he moved to Jeffersonville, Ind.,
where he practiced his profession until
his death. In 1838-39 he was a member of
the state legislature. He organized the
city government of Jeffersonville, estab
lished several churches, serving as pastor
for forty years without compensation. He
was the author of numerous medical
works and lectures. He died Aug. 28,
1888, in Jeffersonville, Ind.
FIELD, RICHARD STOCKTON, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 30, 1803, in White
Hill, N. J. He held a seat in the United
States senate from that state, for a few
months, in 1862-63 to fill a vacancy, and
was then appointed judge of the district
court of the United States for the district
of New Jersey. He died May 25, 1870, in
Princeton, N. J.
FIELD, SAMUEL, merchant, philan
thropist, was born Aug. 12, 1823, in Dela
ware county, Pa. For many years he has
belonged to the presbyterian board of
education, and has taken a leading part
in the establishment of the hospital under
the management of that denomination.
FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born Nov. 4, 1816,
in Haddam, Conn. He located in Marys-
ville, Cal., in 1850,
and was elected first
alcalde of that city.
He was elected to
the second legisla
ture, and was a
member of the judi-
clary committee
and framed the laws
creating the judicial
system of that state.
From 1851 to 1857 he
practiced his profes
sion, and was then
elected a judge of the supreme court for
six years, from Jan. 1, 1858. A vacancy
occurring on the bench, he was appointed
judge to fill it on the 13th of October,
1857; became chief justice in 1859, and in
1863 was appointed to his present position.
FIELD, THOMAS WARREN, educator,
author, was born in 1820 in Onondaga
Hill, N. Y. He was an educator of Brook
lyn who was superintendent of public
schools there, 1873-81, and was the author
of Pear Culture; Historic and Antiquarian
Scenes in Brooklyn; and Essay Toward an
Indian Bibliography. He died Nov. 25,
1881, in Onondaga Hill, N. Y.
FIELD, WALBRIDGE ABNER, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 26, 1833, in
Springfield, Vt. He was assistant United
States attorney in Boston from 1865 to
1869; was then appointed assistant attor
ney-general of the United States, and re
signed in 1870. He was elected a repre
sentative from Massachusetts to the forty-
fifth congress, but his seat was success
fully contested by Benjamin Dean. He
was elected to the forty-sixth congress as
a republican.
FIELD, WILLIAM HILDRETH, lawyer,
author, was born April 16, 1843, in New
York city. In 1863 he graduated from
Union college, and
two years later grad
uated from the Col
umbian college law
school, with the de
gree of B. L. The
same year he was
admitted to the bar,
. and has attained
success in the prac
tice of law. He ed
ited the ninth vol
ume of Edmonds'
Statutes, and has
tried many cases in which his construc
tion has settled the law of the state by
the decision of the court of appeals. In
1887 he was president of the Xavier Union,
which, under his administration, was
transformed into the Catholic club of the
City of New York.
FIELDER. GEORGE B., soldier, con
gressman, was born July 24, 1842, in Jer
sey City, N. J. He served in the civil
war. He was elected register of the coun
ty of Hudson in 1884, and re-elected in
1889. He was elected to the fifty-third,
congress as a democrat.
FIELDER, MRS. LIZZIE DAVIS, poet,
was born Jan. 20, 1856, in Wytheville, Va.
She is the author of a number of poems.
FIELDS. MRS. ANNIE ADAMS, au
thor, poet, was born in 1834 in Massachu
setts. She is a Boston litterateur, and the
author of Under the Olive, a volume of
verse; The Singing Shepherd, and Other
Poems; A Shelf of Old Books; Whittier,
Notes of his Life and Friendships; Me
moir of J. T. Fields; How to Help the
Poor; and Authors and Friends.
FIELDS. JAMES THOMAS, publisher,
author, poet, was born Dec. 31, 1817, in
Portsmouth, N. H. He was a well-known
____^__— _.. publisher of Boston
_^g^ who edited the At-
&gfl lantic Monthly in
1862-70; and was the
'•*>. author of Yesterdays
with Authors; Un
derbrush, a collec
tion of essays; and
^^^^ Ballads, and Other
Verses. Reminiscen-
jflfl *' ces of his life were
published in A Me
moir by Mrs. Fields.
He died April 24.
1881, in Boston, Mass,
FIELDS, WILLIAM C., merchant, con
gressman, was born Feb. 13, 1804, in New
York city. He was sixteen years a jus
tice of the peace in the town of Laurens,
and subsequently supervisor of the town.
In 1866 he was elected a representative
from New York to the fortieth congress.
360
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FIBSTER, S. F., educator, poet, was
born Jan. 17, 1855, in Williamsport, Pa.
He received his education at the Williams-
port high school, and
the Iowa State Nor
mal school. At the
age of fifteen he en
tered educational
work; was county
superintendent for
eight years in Wa-
verly, Iowa, and is
now a professor in
Washington, D. C.
He has traveled in
every state of the
Union, and across
British America; has contributed both
prose and verse to the periodical press;
and his poems have been incorporated in
several standard works.
FILBERT, LUDWIG SPANG, physician,
inventor, was born March 12, 1825, in
Berks county, Pa. In 1871 he gave up
the practice of medicine, and organized
the Vulcanized Paving company of Phil
adelphia, of which he has since been presi
dent. He invented an artificial stone
paving, that is recognized as the best
known lining for the largest reservoir
basis.
FILLMORE, JOHN COMFORT, musi
cian, author, was born in 1843 in Con
necticut. He was a musician of Milwau
kee, and the author of History of Piano-
Forte Music; New Lessons in Harmony;
and Lessons in Musical History.
FILLMORE, MILLARD, thirteenth
president of the United States, was born
Jan. 7, 1800, in Cayuga county, N. Y. In
1829 he was elected
to the New York as
sembly, and held the
office three years.
He was married to
Abigail Powers in
1826. In 1832 he was
elected to- the na
tional house of rep
resentatives. He was
again elected in 1836.
and re-elected in
1838-40. He was de
feated for governor
of New York in 1844. In 1847 he was
elected comptroller of the state, and in
1848 was elected vice-president of the
United States. Upon the death of Presi
dent Taylor he became president, and took
the oath of office July 10, 1850. At the
expiration of his term, March 4. 1853, he
returned to his home in Buffalo, and in
1856 was a candidate for the presidency,
but was beaten. He died March 8, 1874.
Fillmore held office sixteen years. He was
economical, and died rich.
FILON, MICHAEL, banker, railroad
president, was born March 3, 1820, in
Auburn, N. Y. He was president of the
Rochester and Lake Ontario railroad;
mayor of Rochester in 1862-63, and in
1889 was elected president of the East Side
Savings bank. He died July 14, 1893.
FILSON, JOHN, author, explorer, was
born in 1747 in Chester county, Pa. He
was an early explorer of the western
country, and the author of The Discov
ery, Settlement and Present State of Ken
tucky; Map of Kentucky; and Topograph
ical Description of the Western Territory.
FINCH, CHARLES J., farmer, legis
lator, was born Aug. 28, 1862, in Story
county, Iowa. He was elected a member
of tlip third state legislature of Wyoming
In 1894, and received the re-election in
1896.
FINCH, FRANCIS MILES, jurist, au
thor, poet, was born June 9, 1827, in Ith
aca, N. Y. He was a New York jurist and
dean of the law school of Cornell univer
sity since 1892. He has published a num
ber of poems, among which Nathan Hale
and The Blue and the Gray are well
known.
FINCH, H. STANLEY, lawyer, jurist,
was born July 24, 1853, in Stamford, Conn.
In 1879 he was admitted to the bar, and
has attained success in the practice of law
in his native city. He has been justice of
the peace, and since 1887 has been judge of
the court of probate.
FINCH, ISAAC, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in New York. He
was a member of the assembly of that
state in 1822 and 1824, and was a repre
sentative in congress from New York from
1829 to 1831.
FINCK, HENRY THEOPHILUS, jour
nalist, author, was born Sept. 22, 1854, in
Bethel, Mo. He is a musical journalist of
New York city, and the author of Wagner
and Other Musicians; Romantic Love and
Personal Beauty; Chopin, and Other Mu
sical Essays; Lotus-Time in Japan; The
Pacific Coast Scenic Tour; and Spain and
Morocco.
FINDLAY, JAMES, soldier, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in 1775 in
Franklin county, Pa. He was receiver of
public moneys in Cincinnati district from
the first establishment of land offices until
1824. He was colonel of the second Ohio
volunteers in 1812, serving under General
Hull at Detroit. He was a representative
in congress from 1825 to 1833; and was
candidate for governor in 1834. He died
Dec. 28, 1835, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
FINDLAY, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Franklin county, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania, from 1823 to 1827.
FINDLAY, JOHN KING, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born May 12, 1803, in Mer-
cersburg, Pa. He was recorder of Lan
caster in 1841-45, judge of the Philadel
phia district court in 1845-51, and presi
dent of the third judicial district of Penn
sylvania in 1857-62. He published an en
larged edition of Archbold's Law of Nisi
Prius in two volumes. He died Sept. 13,
1885, in Spring Lake, N. J.
FINDLAY, JOHN VAN LEAR, state
legislator, was born Dec. 21, 1839, in
Williamsport, Md. He was a represent
ative in the state legislature in 1861 an'd
1862; and in 1866 was appointed collector
of internal revenue at Baltimore. He was
city solicitor from 1876 to 1878; and was
the orator for Maryland at the centennial
exposition in 1876. He was elected to the
forty-eighth and forty-ninth congresses
as a democrat.
FINDLAY, WILLIAM, governor, was
born June 20, 1768, in Mercersburg, Pa.
In 1807 he was chosen treasurer of Penn
sylvania, and in 1817 became governor of
that state.
FINDLEY, SAMUEL, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 26, 1818, in
West Middletown, Pa. He was an asso
ciate reformed clergyman and educator,
and the author of Rambles Among the In
sects.
FINDLEY, THOMAS MASKELL, edu
cator, clergyman, college president, was
born September 29, 1847, in West Ma-
honing, Pa. In 1883 he was appointed
president of the university of southern
Dakota, at Pierre, which he had founded
and organized. In 1885 he became pastor
of the Ninth Presbyterian church, St.
Paul, Minn.
FINDLEY, WILLIAM, governor, United
States senator, was born in Franklin
county, Pa. He was governor of Pennsyl
vania from 1817 to 1820, and was a sen
ator in congress from that state from 1821
to 1827. He died Nov. 14, 1846.
FINDLEY, WILLIAM, congressman,
author, was born about 1758 in Ireland.
He was a member of congress from Penn
sylvania from 1791 to 1799 and from 1803
to 1817. He published a Review of the
Funding System in 1794, and a History of
the Insurrection of the Four Western
Counties of Pennsylvania, in 1796. He
died April 5, 1821, in Greensburg, Pa.
FINDLEY, WILLIAM THORNTON,
clergyman, was born June 2, 1814, in West
Middletown, Pa. He has held pastorates
at Chillicothe, Springfield, and Xenia,
Ohio, and Newark, N. J.; and in 1867-68
edited the Family Treasure, published in
Cincinnati.
FINE, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, author, .was born Aug. 26, 1784, in
New York city. He settled in St. Law
rence county, N. Y., and was a judge in
that county for eighteen years, from 1821
to 1839, and again in 1844. He was county
treasurer from 1821 to 1833, and a state
senator in 1848. He was a representative
in congress from 1839 to 1841. He pub
lished a volume of law lectures. He died
Jan. 4, 1867, in Ogdensburg.
FINERTY, JOHN F., journalist, con
gressman, was born Sept. 10, 1846, in Ire
land. He settled in Chicago, 111.; was
field correspondent of the Chicago Times
in four Indian wars, including the cam
paign against Sitting Bull in 1876, and
the famous Sibley scout in the Big Horn
Mountains. He was elected a representa
tive from Illinois to the forty-eighth con
gress.
FINGER, MICHAEL SIDNEY MICH
AEL, merchant, banker, state senator,
was born in May, 1837, in Lincoln county,
N. C. He is a successful merchant and
banker of Newton, N. C. He has served
as a member of the house of representa
tives, and in 1880 was elected for a sec
ond time to the state senate.
FINK, ALBERT, civil engineer, was
born Oct. 27, 1827, in Frankfort-on-the-
Main. He designed and supervised the
building of the first important iron
bridges in this country, that over the
Monongahela river and the viaduct over
Trey Run.
FINK, FREDERICK, artist, was born
Dec. 18, 1817, in Little Falls, >!. Y. He
painted many excellent genre pictures, the
most notable of which are The Artist's
Studio; The Shipwrecked Mariner; and
The Negro Wood-Sawyer. He died In
1849.
FINK, WILLIAM E., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 1822 in
Ohio. He was elected to the senate of
Ohio, and in 1852 was a member of the
national convention which nominated
General Scott for the presidency. In 1861
he was again elected a state senator. In
1862 he was chosen a representative from
Ohio to the thirty-eighth congress, and
was re-elected to the thirty-ninth and the
forty-third congresses.
FINKELNBURG, GUSTAVUS A., sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born April
6, 1837, in Prussia. He served one year
in the volunteer army during the rebel
lion. He was elected to the Missouri
state legislature in 1864, and re-elected,
and acted as speaker pro tern. In 1868 he
was elected a representative from Mis
souri to the forty-first congress, and was
re-elected to the forty-second congress.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
361
FINLEY, EBENEZER R., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born July 31, 1833,
in Orrville, Ohio. He served in the union
army as an officer during the war of the
rebellion, and was elected a representa
tive from Ohio to the forty-fifth and forty-
sixth congresses as a democrat.
FINLEY, H. F., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 18, 1833. He was
elected to the state legislature in 1861-
62. He was elected commonwealth's at
torney in 1862 for six years, which office
he resigned in 1866; was re-elected in
1867, and again in 1868 for six years. He
was elected to the state senate in 1875;
was appointed United States district at
torney for Kentucky in 1876, and was
elected judge of the fifteenth circuit in
1880, for six years. He was elected to the
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as a re
publican.
FINLEY, JAMES BRADLEY, clergy
man, author, was born July 7, 1781, in
North Carolina. He was a methodist cler
gyman of Ohio, and at one time chaplain
in the state penitentiary. He "was the au
thor of History of the Wyandot Mission;
Memorials of Prison Life; Sketches of
Western Methodism; and Life Among the
Indians. He died in 1856.
FINLEY, JESSE JOHNSON, soldier,
state senator, congressman, was born Nov.
18, 1812, in Wilson county, Tenn. He was
elected to the state senate of Arkansas in
1841. He removed to Memphis, Tenn., in
1842, and was elected mayor of Memphis
in 1845. He rented to Marianna, Fla.,
in 1846, and was elected to the state sen
ate of Florida in 1850. He was elected a
presidential elector on the whig ticket in
1852, and was appointed judge of the
western circuit of Florida in 1853, and
was elected to the same office in 1855 and
again in 1859. He was appointed judge of
the confederate states court for the dis
trict of Florida in 1861. He resigned and
volunteered as a private in the army of
the confederate states in March, 1862, and
was successively promoted to the rank of
captain, colonel, and brigadier-general. He
located at Lake City, Fla., in 1865, and
resumed the practice of law; removed to
Jacksonville, Fla., in 1871, and continued
practice there, and was elected to the
forty-fourth congress.
FINLEY, JOHN, soldier, Indian trader.
He was a major in the continental army,
and afterward became an Indian trader.
FINLEY, JOHN, journalist, author, poet,
was born Jan. 11, 1797, in Brownsburg,
Va. He was a journalist of Richmond,
Ind., mayor of that town for a number
of years. He was the author of The
Hoosier's Nest and Other Poems. He died
Dec. 23, 1866, in Richmond, Ind.
FINLEY, JOHN BARCLAY, legislator,
banker, was born Nov. 17, 1845, in Phila
delphia, Pa. During 1887-92 he was a
member of the Pennsylvania legislature
and resigned from that position in 1892.
In 1887 he was a member of the revenue
commission of Pennsylvania, and subse
quently of the coast defence commission.
He has been president of the Fifth Na
tional bank of Pittsburg, Pa.; an officer in
a number of corporations, and is now
president of the People's bank of Monon-
gahela, Pa.
FINLEY, JOHN PARK, soldier, author,
was born in 3854 in Michigan. He was a
lieutenant in the signal service. He is the
author of Tornadoes; Manual of Instruc
tion in Optical Telegraphy; and Sailors'
Handbook of Storm Track, Fog and Ice
Charts of the North Atlantic and Gulf of
Mexico.
FINLEY, MRS. MARTHA, author, was
born April 26, 1828, in Chillicothe, Ohio.
She is a voluminous writer of religious
and moral tales for girls, including more
than twenty Elsie Books; The Mildred
Books; Casella; Wanted— a Pedigree; and
others.
FINLEY, ROBERT, clergyman, college
president, philanthropist, was born in 1772
in Princeton, N. J. He originated the plan
of colonizing emancipated blacks in
Africa, and was instrumental in framing
the constitution, and in organizing the
Colonization society. In 1817 he became
president of Franklin college of Athens,
Ga. He died Oct. 3, 1817, in Athens, Ga.
FINLEY, SAMUEL, college president,
was born Nov. 3, 1723, in Summit Bridge,
Del. He was ordained an evangelist in
1747. In 1758 he was elected president of
the College of New Jersey. He died Feb.
4, 1761.
FINN, HENRY J., actor, was born in
1782 in New York city. In 1811 he ap
peared in Montreal, and thereafter played
at other places, being in Savannah, Ga..
in 1818-20. He died Jan. 13, 1840, on Long
Island Sound.
FINNEY, CHARLES GRANDISON,
clergyman, college president, author. He
was a congregational clergyman famous
during his earlier career as a revivalist.
He was president of Oberlin college in
1852-66. He is the author of Lectures on
Revivals; Systematic Theology; Lectures
to Professing Christians; Character of
Free Masonry; and Sermons on Gospel
Themes.
FINNEY, DARWIN A., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1814
in Shrewsbury, Vt. He was a member for
several years of the assembly and senate
of Pennsylvania, and in 1866 was elected
a representative from that state to the
fortieth congress. He died July 25, 1868,
in Europe.
FINNEY, DAVID W., soldier, merchant,
miner, miller, legislator, was born Aug.
22, 1839, in Parke county, Ind. He served
in the army during the civil war, and was
promoted from fifth corporal to first ser
geant for meritorious service. He has
been justice of the peace, and mayor of
Neosho Falls, Kan.; a member of the
Kansas legislature for one term; a mem
ber of the state senate for two terms; and
lieutenant-governor for two terms. He
was the elector nominated by the fourth
congressional district on the McKinley
and Hobart ticket. For many years he
was engaged in the mercantile business
and stock-raising; two years were spent
in securing the right-of-way for the Santa
Fe railway, and he is now engaged in the
milling business.
FINNEY, FREDERICK NORTON, rail
road president, was born in Boston, Mass.
He is president of the Wisconsin Trust
company.
FINNEY, THOMAS M., clergyman,
journalist, author, was born July 13, 1827,
in .St. Louis, Mo. In 1876 he settled in
St.' Louis, where he has filled pastorates
in the methodist episcopal churches. From
1869-72 he was editor of the St. Louis
Christian Advocate. He is the author of a
work entitled Life of Bishop E. M. Marvin.
FINOTTI, JOSEPH MARIA, clergyman,
author, was born in 1817 in Italy. He was
a Roman catholic clergyman who was in
charge of a Colorado parish at the time of
his death. He was the author of French
Grammar; A Month of Mary: Life of
Blessed Paul of the Cross; Italy in the
Fifteenth Century; Diary of a Soldier;
The French Zouave; Herman the Pianist;
and The Spirit of St. Francis de Sales.
Bibliographia Catholica Americana, his
most important work, was never com
pleted. He died in 1879 in Denver, Col.
FIRM, JOSEPH L., inventor, was born
March 19, 1837, in Williamsburg, N. Y.
In 1859 he was engaged in the Frank Les
lie publishing house, and since that date
his connection with the house has been
continuous. He is the inventor of a pro
cess of printing on glass from electrotype
plates, in colors or otherwise.
FISCHER, ISRAEL F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 17, 1858, in New
York city. He was elected to the fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a re
publican.
FISH, FRED STARR, educator, lawyer,
was born Feb. 23, 1860, in Litchfield, N. Y.
He is a graduate of the Cornell university,
and has had a suc
cessful career in ed
ucational work. In
: 1893 he was police
justice at Richland
Center, Wis., and
was attorney for the
St. Paul Railroad
company at Spring
Green, Wis. For sev
eral years he was en
gaged in business in
, Wisconsin with suc
cess; and has always
taken an active part in the political affairs
of that state. He studied law in Madison,
Wis., and is now engaged in the practice
of law in Milwaukee, Wis.
FISH, HAMILTON, soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, governor, was
born Aug. 3, 1808, in New York city. For
several years he was a commissioner of
deeds for the city and county of New
York; and in 1837 was elected to the state
legislature. He was a representative in
congress from 1843 to 1845, and in 1847
was elected to the state senate to fill a
vacancy. He was governor of New York
from 1848 to 1850, and was a senator in
congress from 1851 to 1857. In 1869 he
went into the cabinet of President Grant
as secretary of state. He died Sept. 7,
1893, in Garrison, N. Y.
FISH, HENRY CLAY, clergyman, au
thor, was born Jan. 27, 1820, in Halifax,
Vt. He was a baptist clergyman of New
ark, N. J., and the author of Primitive
Piety Revived; The Price of Soul Liberty;
Harry's Conversion; Harry's Conflicts;
Handbook of Revivals; Bible Lands Il
lustrated, and several compilations.
FISH, MELANTHON WILLIAMS, phy
sician, was born March 20, 1828, in Kort-
right, Del. He settled in Oakland, Cal.,
where he became in 1872 professor of
physiology in the medical department of
the university of California.
FISH, NICHOLAS, soldier, was born
Aug. 28, 1758, in New York city. He was
appointed adjutant-general of the state
in 1786, and was a supervisor of the rev
enue under Washington in 1794. He died
June 20, 1833, in New York city.
FISH, NICHOLAS, lawyer, diplomat,
banker, was born Feb. 19, 1846, in New
York city. He was charge d'affaires to the
Swiss confederation in 1877-S1, and United
States minister to Belgium in 1882-86.
FISH, PRESERVED, shipping mer
chant, banker, was born July 3, 1766, in
Portsmouth, R. I. He has attained prom
inence as a successful shipping merchant
of New Bedford. He was elected presi
dent of the Tradesman's bank, and was a
member of the chamber of commerce from
1801, serving until his death. He died
July 23, 1846, in New York city.
362
HERRINQSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FISH, STUYVESANT, railroad presi
dent, was born June 24, 1851, in New York
city. In 1883 he was made second vice-
president of the Illinois Central, becom
ing president in 1887. He is also presi
dent of the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley
railroad and other corporations affiliated
with the Illinois Central.
FISHBACK, WILLIAM MEADE, law
yer, legislator, governor, was born Nov. 5,
1831, in Culpeper county, Va. He grad
uated from the university of Virginia,
and soon obtained a good reputation as
an able lawyer of Arkansas. He was a
member of the Arkansas legislature dur
ing two constitutional conventions; was
elected United States senator in 1864 by
the union legislature, but declined to
serve. In 1895 he was elected governor
of Arkansas and served with distinction.
FISHBURN, WILLIAM, soldier, state
legislator, was born in 1760. He was on
the staff of Gen. Anthony Wayne, to
whom he was aide-de-camp at the capture
of Stony Point, and afterward attained
the rank of major-general. He died Nov.
3, 1819, in Walterborough, S. C.
FISHER, ALEXANDER METCALF.
educator, journalist, was born in 1794 in
Franklin, Mass. He became professor of
mathematics, natural philosophy and as
tronomy in Yale. He died April 22, 1822.
FISHER, ALVAN, artist, was born Aug.
9, 1792, in Needham, Mass. In 1814 he
began as a portrait-painter, and soon af
terward undertook barn-yard scenes, win
ter landscapes, and cattle-pieces. One of
his best works is a portrait of Spurzheim,
painted after death, from recollection, in
1832. He died Feb. 16, 1863, in Dedham,
Mass.
FISHER. CARMON, poet. He has con
tributed both prose and verse to the peri
odical press, and his poems have been in
corporated in several standard collections.
FISHER, CHARLES, state senator, con
gressman, was born Oct. 20, 1789, in Row
an county, N. C. He commenced public
life by going into the state senate in 1818;
and in 1819 was elected to congress from
North Carolina. In 1821 he was again
elected to the state legislature, where he
served almost continuously until 1836.
From 1839 to 1841 he was again a repre
sentative in congress. He died May 7,
1849, in Hillsborough, Miss.
FISHER, CHARLES, actor, was born in
1816 in England. In 1872 he joined the
company of Augustin Daly, playing Old
Dorton and Falstaff as his first parts. He
continued with this company until his
retirement from the stage in 1890. He
died June 11, 1891, In New York city.
FISHER, CHARLES HARRIS, physi
cian, was born June 30, 1822, in Killingly,
Conn. He served In the state senate in
1869-70 and 1877-79. He prepared the an
nual reports of the vital statistics of
Rhode Island from 1878 to 1885, and those
of the state board of health since 1879.
FISHER, DANIEL W., clergyman, col
lege president, was born Jan. 17, 1838, in
Arch Spring, Pa. He has filled pastor
ates in the presbyterian churches at Madi
son, Ind.; Wheeling, W. Va. ; New Or
leans, La.; and Allegheny .City, Pa.
Since 1879 he has been president of Han
over college.
FISHER, DAVID, clergyman, congress
man, was born Dec. 3, 1794, in Somerset
county, Pa. He was elected to the legis
lature of Ohio; and was a representative
in congress from that state from 1845
to 1847. He died May 7, 1886, near Mount
Holly,- Pa.
FISHER, EBENEZER, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born Feb. 6,
1815, in Charlotte, Maine. He was a uni-
versalist clergyman who was the first
president of the theological seminary at
Canton, N. Y. He is the author of The
Christian Salvation. He died Feb. 21,
1879, in Canton, N. Y.
FISHER, GEORGE, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1829 to 1830; and a mem
ber of the New York assembly from Tioga
county in 1835.
FISHER, GEORGE JUDSON, physician,
author, was born Nov. 27, 1825, in North
Castle, N. Y. He was a physician, for
many years medical director at Sing Sing
prison; and the author of Biographical
Sketches of Distinguished Physicians of
Westchester County, N. Y.; Animal Sub
stances Employed as Medicines by the
Ancients; and Diploteratology.
FISHER, GEORGE P., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Oct. 13, 1817, in
Kent county, Del. In 1843 and 1844 he
was elected to the Delaware house of rep
resentatives; in 1846 became secretary of
state of Delaware; and in 1849 went into
the state department at Washington as
the confidential clerk of Secretary Clay
ton. In 1850 he was appointed by Presi
dent Taylor a commissioner to settle
claims against Brazil, which office ex
pired in. 1852. From 1857 to 1860 he held
the position of attorney-general of the
state of Delaware; and was elected a
representative from that state to the
thirty-seventh congress. He was subse
quently appointed a judge of the supreme
court for the District of Columbia, which
position he resigned to accept that of
district attorney.
FISHER, GEORGE PARK, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Aug. 10, 1827,
in Wrentham. Mass. He is a congrega
tional clergyman, and has been professor
of ecclesiastical history at Yale univer
sity since 1861. He is the author of The
Supernatural Origin of Christianity; The
Reformation; The Beginnings of Chris
tianity; Faith and Rationalism; Discus
sions in History and Theology; Life of
Benjamin Silliman; The Grounds of The-
istic and Rationalistic Belief; History of
the Christian Church; The Christian Re
ligion: Manual of Natural Theology;
Manual of Christian Evidences; Outlines
of Universal History; Nature and Meth
od of Revelation; and The Colonial Era.
FISHER, HENDRICK, congressman.
He was a delegate from New Jersey to the
colonial congress which met in New York
in 1765.
FISHER, HORATIO G., state senator,
congressman, was born April 21, 1838, in
Huntingdon, Pa. He was a member of
councils from 1862 to 1865; county auditor
from 1865 to 1868; and burgess from
1874 to 1877. In 1876 he was elected a
state senator for the term of four years;
and was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-sixth and forty-
seventh congresses as a republican.
FISHER, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Maryland. He settled in Dela
ware; and was appointed United States
judge for that district in 1812 by Presi
dent Madison.
FISHER, JOHN, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born March 13, 1806, in
Londonderry, N. H. In 1856 he settled
at Batavia, N. Y. ; and was subsequently
engaged as a state commissioner in erect
ing the buildings for the New York State
Institution for the Blind, in Batavia. In
1868 he was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-first congress.
FISHER, JOHN DIX, physician, author,
was born in 1799. He aided in organizing
the Perkins institution for the blind in
Boston, Mass. He was the author of a
Description of the Distinct, Confluent,
and Inoculated Small-pox, Varioloid Dis
ease, Cow-pox, and Chicken-pox. He died
March 3, 1850.
FISHER, JOSEPH W., jurist, was born
in Pennsylvania. In 1871 he was appoint
ed United States chief justice of the su
preme court for the territory of Wy
oming.
FISHER, JOSHUA, physician, author,
was born May 17, 1749, in Dedham, Mass.
He was a zealous student of natural his
tory, and bequeathed twenty thousand
dollars to the Hanover university to found
a professorship of that science. He was
the author of a Discourse on Narcotics.
He died March 21, 1833, in Beverly, Mass.
FISHER, JOSHUA FRANCIS, reformer,
author, was born Feb. 17, 1807, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a municipal reform
er of Philadelphia; and the author of
The Degradation of Our Representative
System and Its Reform; Reform, of
Municipal Elections; and Nomination of
Candidates. He died Jan. 21, 1873, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
FISHER, MICHAEL MONTGOMERY,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Oct. 8, 1834, in Rockville, Ind. He is a
presbyterian clergyman and educator, and
has been professor of Latin at the uni
versity of Missouri since 1871. He is the
author of The Three Pronunciations of
Latin; and Education.
FISHER, NATHANIEL, clergyman,
was born July 8, 1742, in Dedham, Mass.
He was prominent in organizing the
protestant episcopal church in New Eng
land. He died Dec. 20, 1812, in Salem,
Mass.
FISHER, OSCAR L., clergyman, col
lege president, was born Aug. 12, 1844, in
Freeport, 111. He has for many years been
president of the Fort Worth university,
Texas.
FISHER, REBECCA JANE GILLI-
LAND, was born Aug. 31, 1832, in Phila
delphia, Pa. She has been president of
__^^^^_^_ the following asso
ciations: Mission
ary, Church Aid, W.
C. T. U., Literary,
and the Ladies' Pro-
hibition club of Aus
tin, Texas, where
she now resides, and
is a highly honored
member of society.
She has also been
^ TBI president of the
Daughters of the
Republic of Texas
for seven years; and a member of the
Woman's State Press association, and
other organizations. Her parents were
killed by the Indians in 1839; herself and
little brother were taken prisoners, but
rescued in a few hours by the Texas
rangers. In 1848 she became the wife of
the Rev. O. Fisher, a noted author and
clergyman of the methodist church. She
has written extensively for current news
papers and magazines, and her writings
have been described as prose poems.
FISHER, REDWOOD S.. merchant,
journalist, author, was born in 1782 in
Philadelphia, Pa. He published several
volumes on political economy and statis
tical subjects, one of which is The Prog
ress of the United States of America from
the Earliest Periods, Geographical, Sta
tistical, and Historical. He also edited a
Gazetteer of the United States. He died
May 17, 1856, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
363
FISHER, SAMUEL REED, clergyman,
author, was born June 2, 1810, in Norris-
town, Pa. He was a German reformed
clergyman of Chambersburg, Pa.; and
the author of Exercises in the Heidel
berg Catechism; The Rum Plague, a
translation from Zschokke; The Family
Assistant; and Heidelberg Catechism Sim
plified. He died June 5, 1881, in Tiffin,
Ohio.
FISHER, SAMUEL SPARKS, soldier,
lawyer, author, was born April 11, 1832, in
St. Joseph county, Mich. He published six
volumes of Reports of Cases Arising
under Letters-Patent for Inventions in
the Circuit Courts of the United States.
He died Aug. 14, 1874, in Luzerne county,
Pa.
FISHER, SAMUEL WARE, clergyman,
college president, author, was born April
5, 1814, in Morristown, N. J. He was a
Presbyterian clergyman and educator, who
was president of Hamilton college in
1858-67. He was the author of Three
Great Temptations of Young Men; and
Occasional Sermons and Addresses. He
died Jan. 18, 1874, near Cincinnati, Ohio.
FISHER, SPENCER O., merchant,
banker, congressman, was born Feb. 3,
1843, in Camden, Mich. He was mayor of
West Bay City from 1881 to 1884. He was
a delegate to the democratic national con
vention in 1884; and in the same year
was elected a representative from Michi
gan to the forty-ninth congress, and was
re-elected to the fiftieth congress.
FISHER, SIDNEY GEORGE, lawyer,
author, was born Sept. 11, 1856, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is the author of The
Making of Pennsylvania; The Evolution
of the Constitution of the United States;
The Men, Women and Manners in Colon
ial Times: and other works.
FISHER, THEODORE WELLES, edu
cator, physician, author, was born May
29, 1837, in Westboro, Mass. He is a phy
sician, and since 1881 has been clinical in
structor in mental disease at Harvard uni
versity. He is the author of Plain Talks
About Insanity.
FISHER, THOMAS, author, poet, was
born Jan. 21, 1801, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was a Philadelphia writer who pub
lished Dial of the Seasons; Song of the
Sea Shells; and Mathematics Simplified
and Made Attractive. He died Feb. 12,
1856, in Philadelphia, Pa.
FISHER, WILLIAM MARK', painter,
was born Dec. 15, 1841, in Boston, Mass.
He has painted landscapes from studies
in the neighborhood of Paris, also genre
paintings and cattle-pieces, including
Noon; On the Cam; and The Meadows.
FISK, ARCHIE CAMPBELL, soldier,
capitalist, was born Oct. 18, 1836, in Steu-
ben county, N. Y. tie served through the
civil war, and received the rank of ad
jutant-general. He is president of the
Denver Land and Improvement Co.; the
Fisk Real Estate and Improvement com
pany; and the Denver Circle Real Estate
company in Denver, Colo.
FISK, CHARLES J., lawyer, jurist, was
born March 11, 1862, in Whiteside coun
ty, 111. This rising lawyer has served
as judge of the district court of the first
judicial district of North Dakota.
FISK, CLINTON BOWEN, lawyer, sol
dier, merchant, reformer, statesman was
born Dec. 8, 1828, in York, N. Y. He
served with distinction through the civil
war; was promoted brigadier-general in
1862, and brevetted major-general of vol
unteers in 1865. rie actively aided in es
tablishing the Fisk university of Nash
ville, Tenn., which was named for him.
In 1886 he was the prohibition candidate
for the governorship of New Jersey; and
for sixteen years was president of the
board of Indian commissioners. He died
July 9, 1890, in New York city.
FISK, EZRA, clergyman, author, was
born Jan. 10, 1785, in Shelburne, Mass.
He became in 1813 pastor of the presby-
>.erian church in Goshen, N. Y., where he
remained twenty years. He published an
oration, delivered at Williams college in
1825; a lecture on the Inability of Sin
ners. He died Dec. 5, 1833, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
FISK, FIDELIA, missionary, author,
was born May 1, 1816, in Shelburne, Mass.
In 1843 she went to Persia as a mission
ary among the Nestorians, where she la
bored fifteen years, much of the time as
teacher in a female, seminary. She was
the first principal of the seminary at
Oroomiah. She published Memorial of
Mount Holyoke Seminary, and Woman
and Her Savior in Persia, and at the time
of her death was engaged in writing Rec
ollections of Mary Lyon. She died Aug 9,
1864, in Shelburne, Mass.
FISK, GEORGE CLEMENT, manufac
turer, was born March 4, 1831, in Hins-
dale. N. H. He entered the office of T. W.
Watson, car builder, as a bookkeeper;
this firm was reorganized in 1862, and in
1871 he was elected president. He is
president of two other companies, and
proprietor of the Brightwood paper mills
in New Hampshire.
FISK. JAMES, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, United States senator, was born
about 1762. He was a representative in
congress from Vermont from 1805 to 1809,
and from 1811 to 1815, when he was ap
pointed one of the judges of the supreme
court of Vermont. He was a senator in
congress during the years 1817 and 1818,
and resigned; and in 1812 was appointed
judge of the territory of Indiana, and in
1817 collector of the port of Alburg, which
office he held eight years. He died Dec.
1, 1844, in Swanton. \ t.
FISK. JONATHAN, lawyer, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1809 to 1811,
and again from 1813 to 1815, when he was
appointed United States attorney for the
southern district of New York.
FISK, PLINY, missionary, was born
June 24, 1792, in Shelburne, Mass. After
traveling extensively in Greece, Egypt,
Palestine, and Syria, he joined, in 1825,
the mission already established at Beirut,
and died there of fever in the following
October. He died Oct. 23, 1842, in Syria.
FISK, SAMUEL, soldier, clergyman, au
thor, was born July 23, 1828, in Shelburne,
Mass. He was a congregational clergyman
who served as a soldier in the federal
army, and was killed at the battle of the
Wilderness. He is the author of Mr. Dunn
Browne's Experiences in the Army. He
died May 22, 1864, in Fredericksburg, Va.
FISK, WILBUR, clergyman, college
president, lecturer, author, was born Aug.
31, 1792, in Brattleboro, Vt. He was a
methodist clergyman once famous as a
pulpit orator, and the first president of
Wesleyan university in 1831-39. He was
the author of Calvinistic Controversy;
Travels in Europe; and Sermons on Uni-
versalism. He died Feb. 22, 1839, in Mid-
dletown, Conn.
FISKE, JOHN, naval officer, was born
April 10, 1744, in Salem, Mass. He was
master mariner during the revolutionary
war, and fought in many conflicts. After
the war he engaged in commerce; was
made major-general of militia in 1792;
and acquired fame and fortune. He died
Sept. 28, 1797, in Salem, Mass.
FISKE, JOHN, philosopher, lecturer,
author, was born March 30, 1842, in Hart
ford, Conn. He is a philosopher and his
torian of Cambridge, who has lectured ex
tensively upon American history, and is a
thinker of the school of Darwin and
Spencer. He is the author of Myths and
Myth-Makers; Outlines of Cosmic Phil
osophy; The Unseen World; Darwinism
and Other Essays; Tobacco and Alcohol;
Excursions of an Evolutionist; The Des
tiny of Man; The Idea of God as Af
fected by Modern Knowledge; American
Political Ideas from the Standpoint of
Universal History; The Critical Period of
American History, 1783-89; The Begin
nings of New England; Civil Govern
ment in the United States; The War of
Independence, a work for young readers;
The American Revolution; The Discov
ery of America; United States History for
Schools; Life of Edward L. Youmans;
and Virginia and Her Neighbors.
FISKE, LEWIS RANSOM, clergyman,
educator and college president, was born
Dec. 24, 1825, in Albion, Mich. He re
ceived his education
at the Michigan uni
versity, from which
institution he re
ceived the degrees of
fe | A. B. and A. M., and
— ™ subsequently the de
gree of LL. D. The
degree of D. D. was
<HB conferred by the Al
bion college. During
1875-77 he was ed
itor of the Michigan
Christian Advocate.
In 1850-53 he was professor of natural
science at Albion college; in 1853-56 filled
the same chair in the Michigan State
Normal school; and during 1856-63 was
professor of chemistry at the Michigan
State Agricultural college. During 1863-
77 he was pastor of churches in Jackson,
Ann Arbor and Detroit; and since 1877
has been president of Albion college.
FISKE, NATHAN, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 9, 1733, in Weston, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Brookfield, Mass., who was a prolific au
thor of essays and addresses. Beside sep
arate sermons, his published works in
clude Sermons; and The Moral Monitor,
a collection of essays once very popular
as a school reader. He died Nov. 24, 1799,
in Brookfield, Mass.
FISKE, NATHAN WELBY, educator,
clergyman, author, was born April 17,
1798, in Weston, Mass. He was a congre
gational clergyman, and professor at Am-
herst college in 1824-47. He was the au
thor of Manual of Classical Literature;
Sermons; Young Peter's Tour Around the
World: and Story of Aleck, or the His
tory of Pitcairn's Island. He died May 27,
1847, in Jerusalem, Palestine.
FISKE, OLIVER, soldier, physician,
author, was born Sent. 2, 1762. He served
in the army during the revolutionary war.
He began practice in Worcester, Mass.,
in 1790, and in 1803 was appointed special
justice of the court of common pleas. He
died in 1836 in Boston, Mass.
FITCH, ASA, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1811 to 1813.
FITCH, ASA, naturalist, agriculturist,
author, was born Feb. 24, 1809, in Salem,
N. Y. He was made New York state en
tomologist in 1854, and for many years
published annual reports on insects in
jurious to vegetation. He died April 8,
1878, in Salem, Mass.
364
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FITCH, ASHBEL PARMELEE, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 8, 1848, in
Mooers, N. Y. He was admitted to the
bar in November,
1869, and has since
practiced his pro-
4 fession in New York
^MflJB city. He was elected
to the fiftieth, fifty-
first, fifty-second and
fi f t y-t h i r d c o n-
gresses. In 1893 Mr.
Fitch resigned his
seat in congress, and
was elected comp
troller of the city of
New York, serving
in that capacity for four years.
FITCH, BENJAMIN, merchant, philan
thropist, was born June 13, 1802, in New
York. In 1866 he founded the Fitch home
in Darien, Conn., for soldiers' orphans.
He added a public hall and an art gallery,
and also built a church in Darien. In
1881 he founded the Fitch institute, which
was organized on the plan of the Cooper
institute of New York city. He died Nov.
7, 1883, in New York city.
FITCH, CHARLES ELLIOTT, journal
ist, was born Dec. 3, 1835, in Syracuse, N.
Y. In 1865 he became editor of The
Syracuse Daily Standard; and in 1873 of
The Daily Democrat and Chronicle. In
1890 he was appointed United States col
lector of internal revenue; has been a
voluminous writer on many subjects; and
is the author of numerous pamphlets.
FITCH, EBENEZER, educator, was
born Sept. 26, 1756, in Norwich, Conn. In
1791 he became principal of Williamstown
academy, and when this became Williams
college, in June, 1793, he was elected its
first president, an office which he held
until 1815, when he resigned to become
pastor of the presbyterian church in West
Bloomfield, N. Y. He died March 21, 1833,
in Bloomfield, N. Y.
FITCH, ELEAZAR THOMPSON, edu
cator, lecturer, author, was born Jan. 1,
1791, in New Haven, Conn. For many
years he was professor of divinity at
Yale. He wrote theological reviews and
other articles for periodicals, and a vol
ume of his sermons was published in
1871. He died Jan. 31, 1871, in New
Haven, Conn.
FITCH, ELIJAH, clergyman, author,
poet, was born in 1745. He became a min
ister of the congregational church in
Hopkinton in 1771, where he remained
till his death. He was the author of
The Beauties of Religion, a long poem ad
dressed to youth; and also of a short
poem entitled The Choice. He died Dec.
16, 1788, in Hopkinton, Mass.
FITCH, GRAHAM NEWELL, physi
cian, congressman, United States senator,
was born Dec. 5, 1809, in Le Roy, N. Y.
He was a medical professor in the Rush
Medical college at Chicago, 111., from 1844
to 1849. In 1844, 1848, and 1856, he was
chosen a presidential elector, and in 1836
and 1839 was elected to the legislature of
Indiana. He was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1849 to 1853;
and in 1857 was chosen a senator of the
United States for the term ending in 1861.
FITCH, JAMES, clergyman, author, was
born Dec. 24, 1622, in England. He was
pastor at Saybrook in 1646-60, and was
afterward installed as the first minister
of Norwich. He published First Prin
ciples of the Doctrine of Christ, and sev
eral sermons. He died Nov. 18, 1702, in
Lebanon, Conn.
FITCH, JOHN, inventor, was born Jan.
21, 1743, in Windsor, Conn. He is said
by authorities to be the originator of run
ning vessels by steam as early as 1785.
He died in 1798 in Bardstown, Ky.
FITCH, JOHN LEE, artist, was born
June 25, 1836, in Hartford, Conn. He has
achieved reputation as a painter of forest
scenes, and is a close student of nature.
His largest picture, In the Woods, was
exhibited at Philadelphia in 1876. Among
his other works are On Gill Brook; A
Mountain Brook; The Outlet; Waiting
for a Bite; A Stray Sunbeam; Cliff Side;
Willows on the Croton; and Near Carmel.
N. Y.
FITCH, LEROY, naval officer, was born
in 1835 in Indiana. He served in the Mis
sissippi squadron during the civil war,
taking part in the capture of Forts Donel-
son and Pillow, the reduction of Island
No. 10, and the victory over the confed
erate fleet at Memphis, Tenn. He died
April 13, 1875, in Logansport, Ind.
FITCH, THOMAS, jurist, governor, was
born in June, 1699, in Norwalk, Conn. He
was chancellor, judge of the superior
court, and chief justice of his state. His
principles were loyal, and, notwithstand
ing the growing unpopularity of his opin
ions, he was elected governor in 1754,
and held office till 1766. He died in July,
1774.
FITCH, THOMAS, merchant, journalist,
congressman, was born Jan. 29, 1838, in
New York city. He went to California in
1860, and became editor of the San Fran
cisco Times; and also of the Placerville
Republican. In 1862 he was elected to the
state assembly. He removed to Nevada
territory in 1863, and edited the Virginia
Union; and in 1864 was elected to the
first constitutional convention of Nevada.
He subsequently settled in Washoe City
and practiced law; and in 1865 was ap
pointed a district attorney. In 1861 he
settled in Belmont; and was elected a
representative from Nevada to the forty-
first congress as a republican.
FITCH, THOMAS DAVIS, physician,
surgeon, author, lecturer, was born July
14, 1829, in Troy, Pa. He has been sur
geon and lecturer on obstetrics in various
Chicago hospitals, and was one of the
originators in 1870 of the Woman's hos
pital medical college in the same city, in
which institution he has filled the chair
of gynecology.
FITCH, WILLIAM CLYDE, dramatist,
author, was born in 1865. He is a dram
atist of New York city, the author of Beau
Brummell and other plays; The Knight
ing of the Twins, and Ten Other Tales;
and Some Correspondence and Six Con
versations.
FITHIAN, GEORGE W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 4, 1854, near
Willow Hill, 111. He was elected state's
attorney of Jasper county in 1876, and
was re-elected in 1880. He was elected to
the fifty-first and fifty-second congresses
and re-elected to the fifty-third congress
as a democrat. He also served as railroad
and warehouse commissioner of Illinois.
FITLER, EDWIN HENRY, manufac
turer, mayor of Philadelphia, was born
Dec. 2. 1825, In Philadelphia, Pa. In 1859
he reorganized the concern under the
name of Edwin H. Fitler and Co. The
business steadily grew until, in 1880, the
works were removed to Bridesburg and
fitted with the newest appliances of the
trade, and they now occupy fifteen acres
of ground space.
FITTON, JAMES, clergyman, was born
in 1803 in Boston, Mass. He was instru
mental in establishing the college of the
Holy Cross at Worcester, and the first
Roman catholic newspaper. He died Sept.
15, 1881, in Boston, Mass.
FITTON, SAMUEL D., banker, was.
born June 21, 1846, in Hamilton, Ohio.
After receiving his education, he entered
the First National bank of Hamilton,
Ohio. He held each successive position
from messenger up to president, being
elected to that responsible office in May,
1895.
FITTS, JAMES HARRIS, lawyer, bank
er, manufacturer, was born Oct. 12, 1830,
near Jackson, Ala. He received his edu
cation at the university of Alabama. He
became bank attorney of the Old State
bank, a depository of the confederate state
government. During 1865-68 he was
trustee of the university of Alabama. He
has been treasurer of the diocese, trustee
and treasurer of the bishop's fund of the
diocese of Alabama; and for the past
quarter of a century has been treasurer
of the university of Alabama. He organ
ized and was president of the Tuscaloosa
Cotton mills, which manufactured the
first colored cotton plaids made in the
south; and in 1865 he established the
banking house of J. H. Fitts and Com
pany.
FITTS, OLIVER, jurist. He was a citi
zen of Mississippi; and in 1810 was ap
pointed United States judge for the ter
ritory of Mississippi.
FITZ, HENRY, telescope-maker, was
born in 1808 in Newburyport, Mass. In
1835 he made his first reflecting telescope,
and in the winter of 1844 invented a meth
od of perfecting object-glasses for refract
ing telescopes, constructing the first one
out of the bottom of an ordinary tumbler.
He died Nov. 6, 1863, in New York city.
FITZGERALD, DAVID C., lawyer, ora
tor, was born June 8, 1868, in Limerick,
Ireland, where his ancestors have been
prominent in nation
al affairs since early
in the fourteenth
century. His educa
tion was completed
in Oxford university,
where he received
the degrees of B. A.
and LL. B. In 1890
he was admitted to
the bar of New York,
and subsequently to
the bar of the United
States. He has at
tained note as a successful lawyer, and
has a large practice in Buffalo, N. Y. He
is considered one of the best authorities
on international law; and is prominent in
the councils of the democratic party.
FITZGERALD, JOHN F., lawyer, con
gressman, was Dorn Feb. 11, 1865, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a member of the Bos
ton common council of 1892; and was
elected a member of the Massachusetts
state senate in 1893 and 1894. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a democrat.
FITZGERALD, LOUIS, soldier, mer
chant, was born May 31, 1838, in New
^ ork city. He entered the United States
service as first lieutenant in the eleventh
regiment New York volunteers, served
throughout the war and attained the rank
of brigadier-general. He was for sev
eral years president of the New York Mer
cantile Trust company, and is connected
with a number of prominent corporations
of that city.
FITZGERALD, MARCELLA A., poet,
was born Feb. 23, 1845, in Canada. She
is the author of Poems, a volume which
contains her best productions.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
365
FITZGERALD, OSCAR PENN, clergy
man, bishop, author, was born Aug. 24,
1829, in Caswell county, N. C. This em
inent clergyman has
been superintendent
of public instruction
•f of the state of Cali-
J fornia; editor of the
*V I Christian Advocate
X of Nashville, Tenn.;
f. and bishop of the
V^ 5 methodist episcopal
church south. He is
the author of Cali-
fornia Sketches;
Centenary Cameos;
Glimpses of Truth;
Christian Growth; Life of McFerrin; Dr.
Summers, A Life Study; Eminent Meth
odists; The Epworth Book; and other
works.
FITZGERALD, THOMAS, soldier, law
yer, United States senator, was born April
10, 1796, in Germantown, N. Y. In 1848
and 1849 he was a senator in congress
from Michigan under the appointment of
the governor. He died March 25, 1855, in
Niles, Mich.
FITZGERALD, THOMAS, journalist,
dramatist, was born Dec. 22, 1819, in New
York city. He began the publication of
The Daily Item in 1852, and for the next
forty years of his life his great energies
were devoted to building up the interests
of the paper in Philadelphia. He was a
successful dramatist, his first play, Light
at Last, being produced in 1868. He died
June 25, 1891, in London, England.
FITZ GERALD, THOMAS JOSEPH,
lawyer, journalist, was born March 1,
1857, in Canada. He practiced law for
five years in Chicago; and since 1887 has
been engaged in journalism as Washing
ton, D. C., correspondent, and writer for
magazines and newspapers generally.
FITZGERALD, WILLIAM, jurist, con
gressman, was born in Tennessee. He
was a representative in congress from that
state from 1831 to 1833, and was a mem-
Tjer of the committee on expenditures in
the treasury department. He was also
judge of the circuit court of Tennessee.
FITZHUGH, EDWARD HENRY, law
yer, jurist, was born Sept. 21, 1816, in
Caroline county, Va. He removed to
Richmond, Va., in 1861, and served in an
important capacity in the quartermaster's
department of the confederate army from
1861 till 1865.
FITZHUGH, GEORGE, lawyer, author,
was born July 2, 1807, in Prince William.
Va. He was a lawyer of Port Royal, Va.;
and was the author of Sociology for. the
South; and Cannibals All, or Slaves with
out Masters. He died July 30, 1881, in
Huntsville, Texas.
FITZHUGH, NICHOLAS, jurist, came
of a Virginia family. In 1803 he was ap
pointed a judge of the circuit court of the
United States for the District of Columbia.
FITZHUGH, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in 1726 in Stafford county, Va.
He was a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1779 to 1780. He died in 1809.
FITZHUGH, WILLIAM HENRY, phil
anthropist, author, was born March 8,
1792, in Chatham, Va. He was elected
vice-president of the American coloniza
tion society, and took an active interest
in it, supporting it both with voice and
pen. In 1826 he published a series of es
says in behalf of the cause, over the sig
nature of Opimius, in the columns of the
Richmond Inquirer. He died May 21,
1830, in Cambridge, Md.
FITZPATRICK, BENJAMIN, lawyer,
jurist, governor, United States senator,
•was born Jnn-e 30, 1802, in Greene county,
Ga. In 1841 he was elected governor of
Alabama; and in 1843 was re-elected to
the same position. In 1852 he was ap
pointed a senator in congress to fill a
vacancy; and in 1855 was elected to the
same position for the term ending in
1861. He retired from the senate in 1861,
and took part in the rebellion. He died
in November, 1870, in Antonaga county,
Ala.
FITZPATRICK, JOHN BERNARD,
bishop, was born Nov. 1, 1812, in Boston,
Mass. He erected one of the finest or
phan asylums in America, a large re
formatory, a hospital, and a college. He
died Feb. 13, 1866, in Boston, Mass.
FITZPATRICK, T. Y., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 20, 1850, in
Floyd county, Ky. He has filled the po
sitions of county judge, county attorney,
and representative in the state legisla
ture; was democratic elector in 1884, and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
FITZPATRICK, THOMAS P., educator,
lawyer, jurist, state senator, was born
Feb. 11, 1827. He served four years as a
member of the Virginia state senate soon
after the war. In 1884 he was elected
judge of the county court of Nelson coun
ty, and received the re-election in 1890 to
the same office.
FITZ SIMONS, CHARLES, soldier,
business man, was born Dec. 26, 1834, in
New York city. He served in the civil
war and attained the rank of brigadier-
general. He is a successful business man
of Chicago, 111.
FITZSIMONS, THOMAS, congressman,
was born in 1741 in Ireland. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1789 to 1795; and was a
member of the legislature for many years.
He was president of the Philadelphia
Chamber of Commerce and of other lo'cal
institutions. He died in August, 1811.
FLAGET, BENEDICT JOSEPH, bishop,
was born Nov. 7, 1763, in France. In 1841
he was ordained Roman catholic bishop,
Bardstown, Louisville, Ky. He died Feb.
11, 1850, in Nazareth, Ky.
FLAGG, EDMUND, lawyer, journalist,
author, poet, was born Nov. 24, 1815, in
Maine. He was a lawyer and journalist
of St. Louis and elsewhere, living in West
Salem, Va., in recent years. He was the
author of Venice, the City of the Sea, a
history, his most important work. Oth
er writings of his include North Italy
since 1849; Commercial Relations of the
United States; Blanche of Artois; and
Edmond Dantes, a sequel to Monte
Cristo.
FLAGG, EDWARD OCTAVUS, clergy
man, lecturer, poet, was born Dec. 18,
1824, in Georgetown, S. C. He is a grand
son of Dr. Flagg, a
surgeon in the war
of the revolution;
and the son of Henry
C. Flagg, a lawyer
and formerly mayor
of New Haven, Conn.
Previous to taking
orders he studied
law. After having
pursued a course of
civil engineering he
entered Trinity col
lege, then studied
divinity; and at the age of twenty-five
was ordained deacon. On being admitted
to the priesthood, he became rector of
Trinity church of Norwich, Conn., and
while there established a church at Yan-
tie. Dr. Flagg has been the founder of
several parishes; was rector of the New
York All Saints' church; and for six
years was assistant of Grace church. For
several years he was chaplain of the ninth
regiment New York national guard. He
has delivered a course of lectures on
literature and history in New York and
elsewhere. A collection of his poetical
works was published in 1889; and six
years later a second volume was issued,
entitled Poems and Later Poems. He was
made a doctor of law by St. John's college
of Annapolis in 1898. He is the author of
Rejoice for Liberty, a patriotic hymn.
FLAGG, GEORGE WHITING, artist,
was born June 26, 1816, in New Haven,
Conn. Among his pictures are Landing
of the Pilgrims; Landing of the Atlantic
Cable; and Columbus and the Egg.
FLAGG, HENRY COLLINS, lawyer,
journalist, was born Jan. 5, 1792, near
Charleston, S. C. He took an active part
in politics, opposing the federalist party
in Connecticut, both as a public speaker
and as editor and proprietor of the Con
necticut Herald. He died March 8, 1863,
in New Haven, Conn.
FLAGG, ISAAC, educator, author, was
born in 1843 in Massachusetts. He was a
professor of Greek at Cornell university
in 1871-88, and has been a professor at the
university of California since 1891. He is
the author of The Hellenic Orations of
Demosthenes; Versicles; The Seven
Against Thebes, of ^Eschylus; and Iphige-
nia among the Taurians, of Euripides.
FLAGG, JARED BRADLEY, clergy
man, artist, author, was born June 16,
1820, in New Haven, Conn. He studied
for a short time with
his brother George,
and subsequently
with his uncle,
Washington Allston.
When but sixteen
years old he exhib
ited in the National
Academy of Design a
portrait of his father
which received fa
vorable notice from
the artists and art
critics of the time.
He settled in Hartford, where he became
prominent as a portrait painter. He was
called to the rectorship of Grace church
of Brooklyn Heights, where he remained
eight years. In his later life, while still
pursuing his art, he devoted a portion
of his time to literary work, and in 1892
published his first book, The Life and
Letters of Washington Allston.
FLAGG, JOHN FOSTER BREWSTER,
physician, author, was born May 12, 1804,
in Boston, Mass. He was a Philadelphia
physician; and the author of Ether and
Chloroform and Their Employment in
Surgery, Dentistry, Midwifery, etc. He
died Sept. 8, 1872, in West Chester, Pa.
FLAGG, RUFUS CUSHMAN, clergy
man, educator, was born Aug. 3, 1846.
This eminent educator and clergyman is
well known as the president of Ripon
college of Wisconsin.
FLAGG, WILLARD CUTTING, agricul
turist, was born Sept. 16, 1829, in Moro,
111. He became prominent in local poli
tics, was collector of internal revenue for
the twelfth district of Illinois in 1862-69,
and a member of the state senate in 1869-
73. He died March 30, 1878, in Moro, 111.
FLAGG, WILSON, naturalist, author,
was born Nov. 5, 1805, in Beverly, Mass.
He was a naturalist of Cambridge; and
the author of Studies in the Field and
Forest; Woods and By- Ways of New
England; Halcyon Days; A Year among
the Trees; and A Year among the Birds.
He died May 6, 1884, in North Cambridge,
Mass.
366
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FLAGLER, HENHY N., oil producer,
refiner, was born about 1830 in Canandai-
gua, N. Y. When he was admitted to
partnership in the oil refining firm of
Rockefeller, Andrews and Flagler of that
city, his future was assured. The Stan
dard Oil Co. succeeded the firm to which
Mr. Flagler belonged, and he has been
prominently identified with its manage
ment since its organization.
FLAIG, ANDREW, merchant, banker,
was born Aug. 24, 1852, in Germany. He
was the first mayor of the city of Colby,
Wis., where he has held high positions in
the public affairs of his county and state.
He is a successful merchant and banker,
and interested in various business enter
prises of his city.
FLANAGAN, JAMES WINRIGHT, law
yer, jurist, congressman, United States
senator, was born Sept. 5, 1805, in Albe-
marle, Va. He was a member of the state
legislature in 1851 and 1852; and of the
senate in 1855 and 1856. He was an elec
tor in 1857; and a member of the state
constitutional conventions of 1866 and
1868. He was elected to congress for the
state at large in 1869; elected lieutenant-
governor in 1869; and was elected to the
United States senate for the term com
mencing in 1870, and ending in 1875.
FLANAGAN, WEBSTER, farmer, law
yer, legislator, was born Jan. 9, 1832, in
Cloverport, Ky. In 1851 he was admitted
^^^^^^ in the bar; :m<i ;ii
the beginning of the
} civil war was com-
, missioned brigadier-
general of volunteers
i - in the confederate
I service. In 1865 he
£ was appointed judge
of the fifth judicial
district of Texas. He
was elected to the
state constitutional
convention in 1869;
and two years later
became lieutenant-governor of the state.
In 1875 he served as a member of the
Texas state senate. He has been a dele
gate to the republican conventions of 1872,
1880, 1884, 1888, 1892, and 1896. In 1890
he was candidate for governor of Texas;
and in 1891 was appointed collector of
customs for El Paso, which position he
resigned in 1893. During 1876-80 he was
president of the Henderson and Overton
Railroad company.
FLANDERS, ALVIN, journalist, con
gressman, governor, was born in 1825 in
Hopkinton, N. H. He took part in es
tablishing the San Francisco Daily Times,
with which he was connected until 1861.
Luring that year he was elected to the
state legislature; spent two years in the
United States branch mint; and in 1862
was appointed register of the Humboldt
Bay Land office, which office he resigned.
He then removed to Washington terri
tory, from which he was elected a dele
gate to the fortieth congress. In 1869 he
was appointed governor of Washington
territory.
FLANDERS, BENJAMIN FLANDERS,
congressman, governor, was born Jan. 26,
1816, in Bristol, N. H. He became the ed
itor of the Tropic newspaper of New Or
leans; served as a member of the city
government; was superintendent of a
public school, and also of a railroad com
pany. Towards the close of the year 1861
he wag elected, under a new order of
things, a representative from Louisiana
to the thirty-seventh congress, taking his
seat within a fortnight of its final ad
journment; and in 1867 he was appointed,
by military authority, governor of Louisi
ana. In 1870-73 he was mayor of New
Orleans; and in 1873 was appointed
United States treasurer of that city.
FLANDERS, HENRY, lawyer, author,
was born Feb. 13, 1826, in Plainfield, N. H.
He is a lawyer of Philadelphia;, and the
author of Maritime Law; The Law of
Shipping; Lives of the United States
Chief Justices (1858); Memoirs of Cum
berland; Exposition of the United States
Constitution; The Law of Fire Insurance;
and Adventures of a Virginian.
FLANDRAU, THOMAS MACOMB, phy
sician, was born July 8, 1826, in New York.
He settled in Rome, N. Y., in 1853, making
specialties of surgery.
FLANDRAW, CHARLES E., jurist, was
born in New York. He removed to Min
nesota territory. He was appointed an
associate justice of the United States court
for that district.
FLANNERY, JOHN, soldier, merchant,
banker, was born Nov. 24, 1835, in Ire
land. He served in the civil war and at
tained the rank of captain. He has been
president of the Savannah Cotton ex
change, and is president of the Southern
bank of the state of Georgia. He is a
leader in the cotton trade of the city of
Savannah, Ga.
FLANNIGAN, HARRIS, legislator, gov
ernor. He was for many years a lead
ing man in the state of Arkansas; a mem
ber of the last constitutional convention;
and was elected governor of the state in
1873. He died Oct. 23, 1874, in Arkadel-
phia.
FLASH, HENRY LYNDEN, soldier,
poet, was born Jan. 20, 1835, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. In 1852 he graduated from the
Western Military institute of Kentucky.
He served in the confederate service dur
ing the civil war as a volunteer aide on
the staffs of Gen. Hardee and Gen. Wheel
er. At the close of the war he edited The
Confederate of Macon, Ga. During 1866-
86 he was engaged in business in New Or
leans; and since 1887 has resided in Los
Angeles, Cal. In 1860 he published a
volume of poems; and has written ex
tensively under the pen names of Lynden
Eclair and Harry Flash.
FLAVIN, JOHN T., educator, was born
Sept. 19, 1850, in Watertown, Wis. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the public schools, and graduated from
the Northwestern university. He has been
county superintendent of schools of Dodge
county, Wis., for a quarter of a century,
without interruption, and is well known
throughout the state as a successful edu
cator. For seven years he has been presi--
dent of the Wisconsin Teachers' Reading
circle, and contributes extensively to cur
rent literature on educational topics.
FLEEGER, GEORGE W., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born March 13,
1839, in Butler county, Pa. He served in
the union army as a lieutenant. He was
a representative in the Pennsylvania leg
islature in 1871 and 1872; and in 1884,
was elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the forty-ninth congress as a
republican.
FLEET, THOMAS, printer, journalist,
was born Sept. 8, 1685, in cmgland. He
was the father of the celebrated Mother
Goose Melodies. He was the editor and
proprietor of The Boston Evening Post
from 1733, which was conducted until
1757 by himself and two sons. He died
July 21, 1758, in Boston, Mass.
FLEISCHHAUER, ALFRED M.. mer
chant, state legislator, was born March
31, 1867, in Canada. He is a successful
merchant of Reed City, Minn.; and dur
ing 1897-98 served with distinction as a
member of the Michigan house of repre
sentatives.
FLEISCHMANN, CHARLES, merchant,
manufacturer, state senator, was born
Nov. 3, 1834, in Hungary. He originated
the extensive establishment wnich manu
factures Fleischmann's compressed yeast;
is interested in numerous other business
enterprises; and is the president of the
Market National bank. In 1880 he was
elected a member of the Ohio state senate;
and in 1895 was re-elected to the same
office.
FLEMING, ANDREW MAGNUS, law
yer, author, was born April 2, 1858, in
Plymouth, Mass. He is a prominent law
yer of Delaware county, Iowa, and is the
author of Joe Bowers; Captain Kiddle
Wreckleback's Hotel; and Gleanings of a
Tyro Bard.
FLEMING, ARETAS BROOKS, lawyer,
jurist, governor, was born Oct. 29, 183D, in
Fairmont, W. Va. He was a member of
the house of dele
gates of the West
Virginia legislature
in 1872, and again in
1875. During 1878-
89 he was judge of
the judicial circuit
court of West Vir
ginia. He was elect
ed governor of West
Virginia, his term of
office to commence
March, 4, 1889, but he
did not get the office
until Feb. 6, 1890, owing to the noted
gubernatorial contest for the office before
the legislature in 1889 and 1890, wherein
he was contestant and General Nathan
Goff was contestee. He served with dis
tinction as governor until March 4, 1893.
He is one of the leading lawyers of the
south, and is interested in extensive coal
mines in the upper Monongahela Valley.
FLEMING, DAVID C., educator, public
officer, was born March 22, 1855, in Hunt-
ington, Ind. He was a farmer and teacher
until 1883 in his native state, and then
emigrated to Colorado. He has been
county superintendent of schools and
has filled numerous other public offices in
Sterling, Col.
FLEMING, FRANCIS P., soldier, gov
ernor, was born Sept. 28, 1841, in Pana
ma, Fla. He served in the civil war and
attained the rank of first lieutenant. He
was elected governor of Florida in 1888,
and was inaugurated in 1889.
FLEMING, JOHN, printer. He was one
of the publishers of the Boston Chronicle
in 1767, the first paper that was published
twice a week in New England.
FLEMING, JOHN, lawyer, was born
June 1, 1842, in Ireland. In 1883 he was
appointed by Governor Cleveland as dis
trict attorney of Queens county, N. Y.,
and was then elected to the same office
for three years, rie was again appointed
to that office in 1887 by Governor Hill;
and was subsequently elected twice to that
position. He is one of the foremost crim
inal lawyers in the state of New York.
FLEMING, LUCY WARD RANDOLPH,
author, poet, was born in 1847 in Brook
lyn, N. Y. She is the author of Alice
Withrow; and Talks to Little Mission
aries; and since her youth has contrib
uted articles of interest on foreign mis
sions, church work and domestic duties.
FLEMING, MRS. MAY AGNES EARLY,
author, was born in 1840 in New Bruns
wick. She was a prolific author of sensa
tional romances, some of which were is-
sucil under the pseudonym of Cousin May
Carleton. Among them are Guy Earls-
court's Wife; Lost for a Woman: and
Pride and Passion. She d.ed in 1880.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
367
FLEMING, MAYBURY, dramatic critic.
He is a dramatic Critic, on the editorial
staff of the New York Mail and Express.
FLEMING, THOMAS, soldier, was born
in 1727, in Botetourt county, Va. He was
a revolutionary soldier, and attained the
rank of colonel. He died in August, 1776.
FLEMING, WILLIAM, jurist, congress
man, was born in 1734. He became judge
of the general court and presiding judge
of the court of appeals; and served as a
delegate from Virginia to the continental
congress in 1779-81. He died February 2,
1824.
FLEMING, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 18, 1856, in
Augusta, Ga. He was elected superintend
ent of the public schools of Augusta' and
Richmond county, Ga., in 1877-80. He
was elected to the state legislature from
Richmond county in 1888, 1890, and 1892,
and again elected in 1894, and was speaker
of the house. He was elected president
of the Georgia State Bar association in
1894, and at the annual meeting in 1895
delivered an address on the Ethics of the
Bar in Relation to the State. He was
chosen in 1895 grand commander of the
Knights Templar for the state of Georgia,
and was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a democrat.
FLEMING, WILLIAM MAYBURY,
actor, was born Sept. 29, 1817, in Danbury,
Conn. He became known chiefly for his
personations of Romeo, Claude Melnotte,
Edgar in King Lear, the Bastard in King '
John, Hamlet, Richelieu, Sir Giles Over
reach, Sir Edward Mortimer, Mathias in
The Bells, Rolla, Jack Cade, and a few
special roles of poetic character. He died
May 7, 1866, in New York.
FLEMING, WILLIAMINA PATON, as
tronomer, author, was born May 15, 1857,
in Scotland. In 1879 she became connected
with the Harvard college observatory.
She is the author of a work entitled An
nals of the Observatory.
FLENNIKER, ROBERT P., jurist, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was appointed
a justice of the United States court for
the territory of Utah, residing at Salt
Lake City.
FLETCHER, ALICE CUNNINGHAM,
ethnologist, was born about 1845 in Bos
ton, Mass. Under the care of the Wom
an's National Indian association, Miss
Fletcher established a system by which
small sums of money were lent to such
Indians as wished to buy tracts of land'
and build houses. She has published nu
merous papers and monographs.
FLETCHER, ASAPH, physician, was
born June 28, 1746, in Westford, Mass.
He was elected in 1780 to the convention
that framed the constitution of Massa
chusetts, and labored earnestly to intro
duce into that instrument the principle of
absolute freedom of worship. He died
Jan. 5, 1839, in Cavendish, Vt.
FLETCHER, AUSTIN BARCLAY, law
yer, was born March 13, 1852, in Mendon,
Mass. He was treasurer and later presi
dent of the leading corporation in the
wool and leather business in New York
city.
FLETCHER, BENJAMIN. He was gov
ernor of New York, and lived in the
seventeenth century.
FLETCHER, CHARLES, manulacturer,
was born Nov. 20, 1840, in England. He
has erected one building after another,
until six large mills now stand upon the
grounds of the Providence Worsted Mill
company. Other industrial interests have
been managed and promoted by him, in
cluding the Saranac, the National and the
Fulton Worsted mills, and in 1886 he
bought the Narragansett hotel, the prin
cipal public house in Providence.
FLETCHER, DUNCAN UPSHAW, law
yer, legislator, was born Jan. 6, 1859, in
Sumter county, Ga. He is a successful
lawyer of Jacksonville, Fla.; was presi
dent of the city council in 1889-91; mayor
of that city in 1893-95; and in 1893 served
with distinction as a member of the Flori
da state legislature.
FLETCHER, GEORGE HENRY, law
yer, legislator, was born Feb. 18, I860, in
Mankato, Minn. In 1881 he graduated
from the university of Michigan with the
degree of B. A.; and in 1883 was admit
ted to the practice of law in Minneapolis,
Minn. During 1887-91 he was president of
the Union League of Minneapolis; and in
1S93 served with distinction as a member
of the Minnesota house of representatives,
and was chairman of the judiciary com
mittee.
FLETCHER, GEORGE NICHOLS, lum
berman, was born Dec. 13, 1813, in Ludlow,
Vt. He is president of the International
Sulphite Fiber and Paper company of De
troit, and of the Rumford Falls Power
company of Maine. He is also working
gold mines in Arizona.
FLETCHER, HORACE, clergyman, was
born Oct. 28, 1796, in Cavendish, Vt. He
was one of the most useful and respected
ministers in his native state. He was
chosen state senator in 1855. He died No
vember 27, 1871.'
FLETCHER, ISAAC, congressman. He
was formerly a member of the Vermont
legislature; was a member of congress
from that state from 1837 to 1841. He
died Oct. 19, 1842, in Lyndon, Vt.
FLETCHER, JAMES COOLEY, clergy
man, author, was born in 1823 in Indian
apolis, Ind. He is a presbyterian clergy
man, missionary to Brazil in 1851-54, and
author with D. P. Kidder of the once
very popular work, Brazil and the Bra
zilians, which first appeared in 1857, and
reached an eighth edition in 1868.
FLETCHER, JOSIAH MOODY, manu
facturer, poet, was born Jan. 14, 1828, in
Halifax, Mass. In 1843 he engaged in the
bookselling and publishing business in
Nashua, N. H.; and since 1854 has been
engaged in the manufacture of furniture.
He is president of the Fletcher and Web
ster Furniture company, and proprietor
of the Nashua Novelty works. He is the
editor of several gift books, and in 1890
published a volume of poems entitled A
Thousand Songs of Life, Love, Home and
Heaven.
FLETCHER, JULIA CONSTANCE
(GEORGE FLEMING), author, was born
in 1859. She is a novelist whose home
is in Rome, and is the author of Kismet;
The Head of Medusa; Mirage; Vestigia;
Andromeda; The Truth About Clement
Ker; and For Plain Women Only.
FLETCHER, LOREN, manufacturer,
merchant, state senator, congressman,
was born April 10, 1833, in Mount Ver-
non, Maine. He was elected to the state
legislature in 1872 and re-elected seven
times; the last three terms served as
speaker, having been unanimously elected
the last term. He was elected to the
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses and
re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
FLETCHER, MILES J., was born in
1828, in Indianapolis, Ind. In 1860 he was
elected superintendent of public instruc
tion for the state of Indiana.
FLETCHER, RICHARD, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 8,
1788, in Cavendish, Vt. He was a member
of the Massachusetts legislature; a repre
sentative in congress from 1837 to 1839,
and judge of the supreme court of Mas
sachusetts from 1848 to 1853. He died
June 21, 1869, in Boston, Mass.
FLETCHER, ROBERT, anthropologist,
author, was born in 1823. in England. He
is an eminent anthropologist of Washing
ton and the author of Paul Broca and the
French School of Anthropology; Prehis
toric Trephining and Cranial Amulets;
Human Proportion in Art and Anthro
pometry; Some Recent Experiments in
Serpent Venom; The New School of
Criminal Anthropology; and Tattooing
Among Civilized People.
FLETCHER, RYLAND, state senator,
governor, was born Feb. 18, 1799, in Cav
endish, Vt. He was governor of Vermont
from 1856 to 1858; served in each branch
of the legislature of Vermont; and was a
presidential elector in 1864. He died Dec.
19, 1885, in Proctorsville, Vt.
FLETCHER, THOMAS, soldier, con
gressman. He was a member of the Ken
tucky legislature from Montgomery coun
ty in 1803, 1805, and 1806; and was a gen
eral in the war of 1812. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Kentucky in
1816 and 1817; and again a member of the
legislature in 1817, 1820, 1821, and 1825.
FLETCHER, THOMAS CLEMENT, sol
dier, governor, was born Jan. 21, 1827, in
Jefferson county, Mo. In 1865-69 he was
governor of Missouri, and issued the proc
lamation abolishing slavery in that state.
FLETCHER, WILLIAM BALDWIN,
physician, author, was born Aug. 18, 1837,
in Indianapolis, Ind. He is a physician,
and since 1883 has been superintendent
of the Indiana Hospital for the Insane.
He is the author of Cholera, Its Charac
teristics, History, etc.
FLETT, FLORENCE LILLIAN GIL
LETTE, dramatist, poet, was born Oct. 3,
1851, near Birmingham, Mich. She is the
only child of Mrs. Lucia Fidelia Woolley
Gillette, an eminent divine and poet. She
received a thorough education in music
and in languages; was a successful teach
er; and attained success in the dramatic
profession in England, the continent and
the United States. After her marriage to
Mr. George A. Flett of England, she re
tired to domestic life. In conjunction
with her mother she has published a vol
ume entitled Floating Leaves.
FLICK, JAMES P., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 28, 1845, in
Bakerstown, Pa. He was a member of
the seventeenth general assemblyof Iowa;
and served as district attorney of the
third judicial district of Iowa for six
years. He was elected to the fifty-first
congress, and re-elected to the fifty-sec
ond congress as a republican.
FLICKINGER, DANIEL KRUMLER,
clergyman, bishop, author, was born in
1824, in Sevenmile, Ohio. He is a clergy
man belonging to the sect of united
brethren, and since 1885 a foreign mis
sionary bishop of that faith. He is the
author of Off-hand Sketches of Men and
Things in Western Africa; Ethiopia; and
The Church's Marching Orders.
FLICKINGER, SAMUEL JACOB, jour
nalist, was born Feb. 14, 1848, near Mill-
ville, Ohio. For two years he was tele-
graph editor of the
] Dayton Journal; and
in 1878 became a re
porter on the Ohio
State Journal of Co
lumbus. In 1884 he
assumed charge of
that publication as
managing editor,
and his life work is
shown in that jour
nal. He is consid
ered an authority on
Ohio politics, and
renders good service to the republican
committees.
368
HERRIXGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FLIESS, WILLIAM MAYNARD, cap
italist, was born Sept. 7, 1833, in Prussia.
He was one of the first capitalists to open
mines in Utah. He is president of the
California Mining and Water company;
the Hollywood Distillery company; and
of the St. Joseph and Kansas railroad.
FLINT, ABEL, clergyman, author, was
born Aug. 6, 1765, in Windham, Conn. He
was a congregational clergyman of Hart
ford, who published a Geometry and Tri
gonometry, with a Treatise on Surveying.
He died March 7, 1825, in Hartford, Conn.
FLINT, ALBERT STOWELL, astron
omer, was born Sept. 12, 1853, in Salem,
Mass. He has been computer of the
United States transit of Venus commis
sion at Washington, D. C.; and is now
assistant astronomer at the Washburn
Observatory of the university of Wiscon
sin.
FLINT, AUSTIN, physician, author,
was born Oct. 20, 1812, in Petersham,
Mass. He was a distinguished physician
of New York city who held professorships
in several New York medical colleges,
and was the author of Practice of Medi
cine; Continued Fever; Chronic Pleurisy;
Dysentery; Physical Explanation and
Diagnosis of Diseases of the Respiratory
Organs; Diseases of the Heart; Essays on
Conservative Medicine; Phthisis; Clinical
Medicine; Manual of Auscultation and
Percussion; Medical Ethics and Eti
quette; and Medicine of the Future. He
died March 13, 1886, in New York city.
FLINT, AUSTIN, physician, author,
was born March 28, 1836, in Northamp
ton, Mass. He is an eminent physician
of New York city, connected with several
hospitals and medical colleges, and is the
author of Text-Book of Human Physiol
ogy; Manual of Chemical Examinations
of Urine in Disease; Physiological Effects
of Severe and Protracted Muscular Exer
cise; The Source of Muscular Power; and
Physiology of Man.
FLINT, CHARLES LOUIS, author, was
born May 8, 1824, in Middleton, Mass.
He was secretary of the Massachusetts
board of agriculture in 1853-81, and one
of the founders of the Massachusetts Ag
ricultural college. He is the author of
The Agriculture of Massachusetts; Grass
and Forage Plants; Milch Cows and
Dairy Farming; and Manual of Agricul
ture.
FLINT, CHARLES RANLETT, mer
chant, was born Jan. 24, 1850, in Thomas-
ton, Maine. In 1871 he organized the firm
of Gilchrist, Flint
and Company, ship-
chandlers; and in
1872 established the
x^v pti firm of W. R. Grace
and Company, trans
acting a general
shipping and com
mission business
with the west coast
of South America,
principally Peru. In
1876 he was appoint
ed consul in New
York for the republic of Chili; and in
1880 he became president of the United
States Electric Lighting company. In
1876 he established a business in Peru;
and in 1884 established a large rubber
business on the Amazon. In 1885 he en
tered the firm of Flint and Company,
composed of his father, Benjamin Flint;
and his brother, Wallace Benjamin Flint;
and of this firm he is now senior member.
He is a director of several railroad and
steamship companies, and of various
financial insfitutions; and was recently
elected one of the council of the univer
sity of the city of New York.
FLINT, DAVIT) BOARDMAN, mer
chant, was born May 1, 1816, in Troy,
N. H. He is the founder of the well
known firm of Flint and Hall, dealers in
lumber. He built the Channing Chapel
of Winter Harbor, Maine, and deeded it
to the American Unitarian association.
FLINT, HENRY, educator, author, was
born in 1675, in Dorchester, Mass. He
was appointed a fellow of Harvard col
lege in 1700, and in 1705-54 was a tutor
there. He died Feb. 13, 1760.
FLINT, HENRY MARTYN, journalist,
author, was born March 24, 1829, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a journalist of Chi
cago, and the author of Life of Stephen A.
Douglas; History and Statistics of United
States Railroads; and Mexico Under Max
imilian. He died Dec. 12, 1868, in Cam-
den, N. J.
FLINT, JACOB, clergyman, author, was
born Aug. 7, 1767, in Reading, Mass. He
published a history of Cohasset in the
Massachusetts historical collection, and
two discourses on the history of Cohasset.
He died Oct. 11, 1835, in Marshfield, Mass.
FLINT, JOSHUA BARKER, educator,
surgeon, author, was born Oct. 13, 1801,
in Cohasset, Mass. He was a surgeon of
Boston and subsequently of Louisville,
where he was professor of surgery in the
Kentucky school of medicine from 1849
till his death. He published The Practice
of Medicine. He died March 19, 1864, in
Louisville, Ky.
FLINT, MIC AH P., lawyer, poet, was
born in 1807, in Lunenburg, Mass. He
was the author of The Hunter, and Other
Poems. He died in 3830.
FLINT, TIMOTHY, clergyman, author,
was born July 11, 1780, in Reading, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
New England. His most important work
in some respects, the Geography and His
tory of the Mississippi Valley, materially
advanced the settlement of that region.
His other works include Recollections of
Ten Years in the" Valley of the Missis
sippi; Indian Wars in the West; Memoir
of Daniel Boone; Lectures on Natural
History, etc. Fiction: Francis Berrian;
Arthur Clenning; George Mason; and
The Shoshonee Valley. He died Aug. 16,
1840, in Salem, Mass.
FLINT, WALLACE BENJAMIN, ship
ping merchant, was born Oct. 10, 1863, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1888 he was admitted _
to partnership by his father in the firm of
Flint and Co., commission merchants, of
which he is yet a member. He has been
the consul of Uruguay in New York.
FLIPPIN, MANLIUS T., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, poet, was born July 29, 1841,
in Monroe county, Ky. After receiving
his education he
taught school for
eight years; and was
admitted to the bar
In 1865. He has
served several ses
sions as a repub
lican member of the
Kentucky state leg
islature. In 1874 he
was elected judge of
the county court for
four years; received
the re-election in
1878, and again in 1886. He has practiced
law with Euccess at Tompkinsville, the
county seat of his native county; and has
held various positions of public trust in
his county and state. He is the author of
a volume entitled Poems and Addresses,
published by the American Publishers'
association of Chicago, 111.; and has con
tributed extensively to current literature.
I
I
FLITCRAFT, ALLEN J., educator,
journalist, author, was born May 14, 1854,
in Woodstown, N. J. For many years he
was engaged in educational work, and be
came superintendent of public schools of
Doylestown, Pa. In 1878 he was made
a special agent of the Provident Life and
Trust company, and traveled in its inter
ests throughout the eastern states. He
has ever since been identified with insur
ance business, and in 1888 published a
work on insurance which became very
popular; and subsequently issued a valu
able work entitled Life Insurance Manual,
which has run through many editions;
and he has since published other works
on insurance lines. He is the editor and
owner of The Life Insurance Courant, one
of the leading publications of its kind.
FLOHR, GEORGE DANIEL, clergy
man, was born in 1759, in Germany, rie
was licensed to preach by the synod of
Pennsylvania, and immediately engaged
in missionary service in southwestern
Virginia. He died in 1826, in Wytheville,
Va.
FLOOD, HENRY DELAWARE, lawyer,
state senator, was born Sept. 2, 1865, in
Appomattox, Va. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the schools of
Appomattox and Richmond; and grad
uated from the Washington and Lee uni
versity, and the university of Virginia.
In 1887-91 he served as a member of the
Virginia house of delegates; and in 1891
was elected a member of the state senate;
and subsequently was the democratic
nominee for congress, but was defeated
by a majority of only forty-eight. He
has attained success as an able lawyer
of his native city; and has served with
distinction as commonwealth attorney of
his county.
FLOOD, JAMES CLAIR, capitalist, was
born in 1825, in Ireland. He made money
by speculating in mining stock, and sev
eral years later formed a partnership
with James G. Fair and John W. Mackay,
who were then young miners. Flood and
O'Brien agreed to furnish money for tools
and outfit, while Fair and Mackay pros
pected in the Sierras. The result was
the discovery of the Comstock lode,
which made them four of the wealthiest
men in the world. They subsequently es
tablished the Nevada bank in San Fran
cisco. He died Feb. 21, 1888, in Germany.
FLOOD, THOMAS S., business man,
congressman, was born April 12, 1844, in
Lodi, N. Y. He was elected to the fiftieth
and fifty-first congresses as a republipan.
FLOOK, JACOB, clergyman, poet, was
born April 18, 1855, in England. He has
filled pastorates in the congregational
churches at New Haven, Mich.; Atlanta,
Ga. ; Cambridge, 111.; and Indianola, Neb.
He is the author of a number of poems.
FLORENCE, ELIAS, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He having taken up his
residence in Ohio, was elected a repre
sentative in congress from 1843 to 1845.
FLORENCE, THOMAS BIRCH, jour
nalist, congressman, was born Jan. 26,
1812, in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1850 he was
elected to congress, where he served con
tinuously until 1861. He established and
edited, in Washington, a Sunday paper
called the Gazette. He died July 3, 1875,
in Washington, D. C.
FLORENCE, WILLIAM JERMYN, act
or, was born July 26, 1831, in Albany,
N. Y. He made his first appearance in
Richmond in 1849, as Peter in The
Stranger, and soon acquired distinction
as a versatile comic actor. He died Nov.
19, 1891, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
369
FLOURNOY, THOMAS STANHOPE,
soldier, congressman, was born in Vir
ginia. He was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1847 to 1849;
and participated in the great rebellion.
He died March 13, 1883, in Pittsylvania
county, Va.
FLOWER, BENJAMIN ORANGE, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1859, in Illi
nois. He is the author of Civilization's
Inferno, or Studies in the Social Cellar;
Lessons Learned from Other Lives; The
New Time; Persons, Places and Ideas;
The Century of Sir Thomas More; and
Gerald Massey, Poet, Prophet, and Mys
tic.
FLOWER, FRANK ABIAL, curator,
author, was born May 11, 1854, in Cottage,
N. Y. He is a Wisconsin statistician,
curator of the state historical society, and
the author of Old Abe, the Wisconsin
War Eagle; Life of Matthew H. Carpen
ter; and History of the Republican Party.
FLOWER, GEORGE, pioneer, was born
about 1780, in England. He founded the
city of Albion; and built the first build
ing, of the log cabin order, being a tavern
and blacksmith shop combined. He died
Jan. 15, 1862, in Grayville, 111.
FLOWER, ROSWELL PETTABONE,
merchant, congressman, was born Aug. 7,
1835, in Theresa, N. Y. He was elected
a representative from New York to the
forty-seventh congress to fill a vacancy;
declined a renomination. He gave fifty
thousand dollars to the St. Thomas Home
of New York city.
FLOWERS, SAMUEL BRYCE, soldier,
physician, was born Oct. 31, 1835, in
Wayne county, S. C. He served as sur
geon in the confederate army during the
civil war. He has contributed to the Phil
adelphia Medical and Surgical Reports,
and to the Virginia Medical Monthly.
FLOY, JAMES, clergyman, botanist,
author, was born Aug. 20, 1806, in New
York city. He was a methodist clergy
man of New York city; prominent as a
botanist and as an anti-slavery leader,
and the author of Guide to the Orchard
and Fruit Garden; Occasional Sermons,
etc.; and Literary Remains. He died
Oct. 14, 1863, in New York city.
FLOYD, ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL,
journalist, was born Nov. 16, 1857, in
Granville county, N. C. He is the editor
of the Daily News of Chattanooga, Tenn.
FLOYD, CHARLES A., congressman,
was born in New York. He served in the
assembly of that state in 1836 and 1838;
and was a representative in congress from
1841 to 1843.
FLOYD, DAVID RICHARD FLOYD-
JONES, lawyer, state senator, lieutenant-
governor, was born in 1813. He was a
member of assembly for New York in
1841, 1843, and in 1857; state senator in
1844-47; and lieutenant-governor of New
York in 1863-64. He died Jan. 8, 1871.
FLOYD, ESCAR, lawyer, was born July
22, 1873, in Pittsburg. He received his ed
ucation in the common schools, Bellview
academy, and the university of Virginia.
He has attained success as an able lawyer
of Birmingham, Ala., where he takes a
prominent part in the public affairs of
his county and state.
FLOYD, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
was born Oct. 3, 1769, in Beaufort, S. C.
He was brigadier-general of militia from
1813-14; and subsequently major-general.
He served several terms in the state leg
islature; and was a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1827 to 1829.
He died June 24, 1839, in Camden county,
Ga.
24
FLOYD, JOHN, congressman, governor,
was born in 1770, in Jefferson county, Va.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1817 to 1829; served many
years in the legislature of that state; and
was governor of Virginia from 1829 to
1834. He died Aug. 16, 1837, in Sweet
Springs, Va.
FLOYD, JOHN B., soldier, state legis
lator, governor, was born June 1, 1807, in
Blacksburg, Va. From 1847 to 1849 he
served in the Virginia legislature; and
was governor of Virginia from 1849 to
1852. He was secretary of war in the ad
ministration of President Buchanan. He
was one of the first to join the rebellion,
in which he took a leading part as a brig
adier-general. He died Aug. 26, 1863, in
Abingdon, Va.
FLOYD, JOHN G., congressman, was
born in New York. He served in the as
sembly of that state; and was a repre
sentative in congress from New York
from 1839 to 1843, and' from 1851 to 1853.
FLOYD, RICHARD, colonist, was born
about 1620, in Wales. He was the first of
the Floyd family on Long Island, and a
man of intelligence and vigor. He died
about 1690, in Setauket, N. Y.
FLOYD, RICHARD, soldier, jurist, was
born May 12, 1661, in Setauket, N. Y.
He was appointed judge of the common
pleas in 1723, and was also colonel of the
militia of Suffolk county. He died Feb.
28, 1737, in Setauket, N. Y.
FLOYD, RICHARD, legislator, was
born Dec. 29, 1703. He served in the state
legislature in 1847-49 and 1853, and was
governor of Virginia in 1850-53.
FLOYD, RICHARD, jurist, was born in
1736. He was judge of the common pleas
in 1764, and colonel of the militia of Suf
folk county. He died June 30, 1791, in
New Brunswick, Maine.
FLOYD, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born Dec. 17, 1734, in Brookhaven, N. Y.
He was a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1774 to 1783, and signed the
Declaration of Independence. He was a
representative in congress from New
York from 1789 to 1791; and was for three
years a member of the New York state
senate. He died Aug. 4, 1821, in Oneida
county, N. Y.
FLUGLER, THOMAS T., congressman,
was born in New York. He served in the
assembly of that state in 1842 and 1843;
and was a representative in congress from
1853 to 1857.
FLUSSER, CHARLES W., naval officer,
was born in 1833, in Annapolis, Md. In
1847 he was a midshipman; and in 1861
took command of the gunboat Commo
dore Perry. He subsequently took part
in the shelling of Franklin, Va. He was
killed April 18, 1864, in a naval engage
ment near Plymouth, N. C.
FLYE, EDWIN, merchant, congress
man, was born March 4, 1817, in New
castle, Maine. He was a member of the
state house of representatives in 1858;
and was elected a representative from
Maine to the forty-fourth congress, to fill
a vacancy.
FLYNN, DENNIS T., journalist, con
gressman, was born Feb. 13, 1862, in
Phoenixville, Pa. He removed to Okla
homa territory in 1889, and was commis
sioned postmaster of the city of Guthrie,
which position he still held when elected
a delegate to the fifty-third congress.
He was re-elected to the fifty-fourth con
gress as a republican.
FLYNN, PATRICK, soldier, business
man, was born May 11, 1834, in Ireland.
In 1844 he emigrated to America; received
his education in the
Buffalo schools, and
removed to Rock-
ford, 111., in 1859. In
1861-62 he recruited
and raised two full
companies for the
nineteenth regiment
Illinois volunteer in
fantry. He was the
original captain of
the Mulligan guards;
served under Gen
eral Sherman; and
was severely wounded at the battle of
Ezra's Church, near Atlanta, in 1854;
and was promoted to major. He has
served as sheriff of Winnebago county,
111., for two terms; and for twenty-eight
years has been connected with the Rock-
ford Insurance company.
FOBES, PEREZ, educator, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 21, 1752, in Bridge-
water, Mass. He was the author of Topo
graphical Description of Raynham, Mass.;
and other historical works. He died
Feb. 23, 1812, in Bridgewater, Mass.
FOBES, PHILENA, educator, was born
Sept. 10, 1811, in Onondaga county, N. Y.
In 1843 she was chosen principal of Mon-
ticello seminary, holding that position
until 1866.
FOGG, GEORGE G., lawyer, diplomat,
United States senator, was born May 26,
1815, in Meredith, N. H. In 1846 he was
elected to the state legislature, and soon
afterwards secretary of state, when he
became editor 01 the Independent Demo
crat. In 1861 he was appointed minister
resident to Switzerland, returning :n No
vember, 1865; and in 1866 was appointed a
senator in congress from New Hamp
shire, to fill a vacancy. He died Oct. 5,
1881, in Concord. N. H.
FOGO, WILLIAM, soldier, journalist,
state legislator, was born June 18, 1841,
in Columbiana county, Ohio. He served
as a soldier during the civil war. After
the war he resumed newspaper work, and
is now one of the veteran editors of Wis
consin. He has also served as a member
of the Wisconsin state legislature.
FOLEY, JAMES B., congressman, was
born in Kentucky. Having taken up his
residence in Indiana, he was elected a rep
resentative in congress from that state
in 1827.
FOLEY, JOHN SAMUEL, Roman cath
olic bishop, was born Nov. 5, 1833, in
Baltimore, Md. He was commissioned by
Archbishop Spalding to establish a new
congregation in the western part of Balti
more, and built for it the church of St.
Martin, one ot the finest in the cl'ty, also
taking an active interest in educational
matters.
FOLEY, MARGARET E., sculptor, was
born in New Hampshire. She made por
trait busts of S. C. Hall, Charles Sumner,
and Theodore Parker. She executed
cameo work, medallions of William and
Mary Howitt, Longfellow, Bryant; and
ideal statues of Cleopatra, Excelsior, and
Jeremiah. She died in 1877, in Austria.
FOLEY, STEPHEN A., lawyer, jurist,
banker, was born Aug. 27, 1840, in Logan
county, 111. For nine years he was county
judge, and a resident at Lincoln, which is
the county seat; he declined office there
after, and has since operated in land with
success. The Lincoln National bank is
managed by him as president, and the
stocks of local gas and electric light com
panies.
370
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FOLEY, THOMAS, Roman catholic
bishop, was born in 1823, in Baltimore, Md.
After 1848 he was chancellor of the arch
diocese of Baltimore; in 1867 he was ap
pointed vicar-general, and subsequently
of the diocese of Chicago, 111. He died
in 1879, in Baltimore, Md.
FOLGER, CHARLES JAMES, lawyer,
jurist, was born April 16, 1818, iu Nan-
tucket, Mass. In 1844 he was appointed
first judge of the court of common pleas
of Ontario county; and was elected coun
ty judge of Ontario county in 18ol. He
was elected a state senator in 1861, aiid
was four times re-elected. He resigned
in 1869 and was appointed United States
assistant treasurer at New York city. He
was elected associate judge of the state
court of appeals in 1870, and served until
1880; was then chief judge of that court;
and resigned in 1881 on being appointed
secretary of the United States treasury.
He died Sept. 4, 1884, in Geneva, N. Y.
FOLGER, PETER, author, was born in
1617, in England. He settled successively
at Watertown, Martha's Vineyard, and in
1663 at Nantucket. He is remembered as
the author of A Looking-Glass for the
Times, a ballad. He died in 1690, in Nan-
tucket, Mass.
FOLGER, WALTER, state senator, con
gressman, was born June 12, 1765, in Nan-
tucket, Mass. He was a member of the
Massachusetts senate from 1809 to 1815,
and also in 1822; and was a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1817 to 1821. He died Sept. 8, 1849.
FOLLEN, CHARLES THEODORE
CHRISTIAN, educator, author, was born
Sept. 4, 1796, in Germany. He was a
German scholar who came to America in
1S24. He was German instructor at Har
vard university in 1830-34, but lost his
position on account of his anti-slavery
opinions, and in 1836 was ordained as a
Unitarian clergyman. He published a
German Reader; and Practical German
Grammar. He died Jan. 13, 1840, in
Long Island Sound.
FOLLEN, MRS. ELIZA LEE CABOT,
author, was born Aug. 1, 1787, in Boston,
Mass. She was a popular author for
many years, and the author of Sketches
of Married Life; Twilight Stories, a vol
ume of excellent juvenile tales. The Well-
spent Hour; The Skeptic; Poems; To
Mothers in the Free States; Anti-Slavery
Hymns and Songs; Home Dramas; Little
Songs for Little People; and The Old
Garret Stories. She died Jan. 26, 1860, in
Brookline, Mass.
FOLLETT, DAVID LYMAN, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 17, 1836, in Sher-
burne, N. Y. In 1874 he was elected a jus
tice of the supreme court; and has been
chief judge of the court of appeals of the
state of New York.
FOLLETT, JOHN F., lawyer, congress
man, was born in Franklin county, Vt.
He was elected a representative in the
Ohio state legisla
ture in 1865, and re-
elected in 1868. In
the latter year he
was nominated for
the speakership by
acclamation, and
was elected. He re
moved to Cincinnati
the same year, con
tinuing the practice
of his profession;
and in 1882 was
elected a representa
tive from Ohio to the forty-eighth con
gress.
FOLSOM, ABBY, reformer, author, was
born about 1792, in England. She came
to the United States about 1837, became
noted as an advocate of anti-slavery re
form, and published a Letter from a Mem
ber of the Boston Bar to an Avaricious
Landlord. She died in 1867, in Rochester,
N. Y.
FOLSOM, CHARLES, scholar, was born
Dec. 24, 1794, in Exeter, N. H. He be
came chaplain in the United States navy,
and midshipman's teacher of mathematics
on the ship Washington in 1816. He was
charge d'affaires in Tunis in 1817-19. He
died Nov. 8, 1872, in Cambridge, Mass.
FOLSOM, CHARLES FOLLEN, physi
cian, educator, author, was born April 3,
1842, in Haverhill, Mass. He is a phy
sician of Boston, and a professor in the
Harvard Medical school in 1877-85. He
is the author of Mental Diseases; and
Present Aspect of the Sewage Question
Applied to Boston.
FOLSOM, GEORGE, state senator, dip
lomat, author, was born May 23, 1802, in
Kennebunk, Maine. He was an anti
quarian writer of New York city; and in
1844 was a member of the state senate.
He was the author of Sketches of Saco
and Biddeford, Maine; Dutch Annals of
New York; Letters and Dispatches of
Cortes, translated from the Spanish; and
Political Condition of Mexico. He died
March 27, 1869, in Rome, Italy.
FOLSOM, JOSEPH L., soldier, was born
May 19, 1817, in Meredith, N. H. He was
one of the first to appreciate the discov
ery of gold in California and to impart
the news officially to the government.
Folsom City, on the American river, near
the locality where gold was discovered,
was named for him. He died July 19,
1855, in San Jose, Cal.
FOLSOM, MRS. L. A., poet, was born
July 23, 1844, in Milford, Maine. She is
the author of a number of poems, and is
engaged as a writer for various news
papers.
FOLSOM, MONTGOMERY M., journal'
1st, poet, was born Jan. 31, 1857, in Ha-
hira, Ga. He was employed on the At
lanta Constitution, and is now on its edi
torial staff. In 1888 he published Scraps
of Song and Southern Scenes, a collec
tion of poems and sketches.
FOLSOM, NATHANIEL, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1726, in Exeter,
N. H. He was a brigadier-general during
the siege of Boston in 1775. He was a
delegate to the continental congress in
1774-80; was a councilor in 1778; and was
president of the convention which framed
the constitution of New Hampshire In
1783. He died May 26, 1790, in Exeter,
N. H.
FOLSOM, NATHANIEL SMITH, cler
gyman, author, was born March 12. 1806,
in Portsmouth, N. H. He has contributed
to current literature, and published Crit
ical and Historical Interpretation of the
Prophecies of Daniel, and other works.
FOLSOM, MRS. SUSANNAH SARAH,
author, poet. She edited volumes thir
teen and fourteen of the Child's Friend,
and wrote an Ode for Ladies Fair. She
also contributed to Miss A. W. Abbot's
Autumn Leaves, and to Arthur Oilman's
The Cambridge of 1776.
FOLTZ, MRS. CLARA SHORTRIDGE,
lawyer, lecturer, was born July 16, 1849,
in Henry county, Ind. She went before
the California legislature of 1877-78, and
secured the passage of an act permitting
women to practice" law, and was the first
to take advantage of It.
FOLTZ, JONATHAN MESSERSMITH,
surgeon, was born April 25, 1810, in Lan
caster, Pa. In 1870-71 he was president
of the naval medical board. He became
medical director in 1871, and chief of the
bureau of medicine and surgery, with the
rank of commodore. He died April 12,
1877, in Philadelphia, Pa.
FOLTZ, SAMUEL, merchant, was born
Sept. 18, 1859, in Hillsdale, Mich. In
1888 he opened branch stores in Otsego
and Schoolcraft, Mich.; but in 1892 ne
consolidated his three stores, and estab
lished the largest clothing house in Kala-
mazoo county.
FOLWELL, WILLIAM WATTS, edu
cator, author, was born Feb. 14, 1833, in
Romulus, N. Y. He is an educator of
Minnesota, and the author of Public In
struction in Minnesota; and Lectures on
Political Economy.
FONERDEN, JOHN, physician, edu
cator, was born in 1804, in Baltimore, Md.
He was professor of obstetrics in Wash
ington university of Baltimore in 1845-46;
and resident physician of the Maryland
hospital for the insane from 1846 till his
death. He died May 6, 1869, in New York
city.
FONES, DANIEL GILBERT, merchant,
banker, was born Aug. 19, 1837, in De-
catur, Ga. Upon the outbreak of the civil
war he entered the confederate service.
After the war h'e resumed business at
Little Rock, Ark., under the firm name of
Fones Brothers Hardware company. He
is also president of the German National
bank.
FONES, JAMES A., merchant, was born
Nov. 6, 1839, in Decatur, Ga. He was
president of the Little Rock Electric Light
company; and for thirty years was prom
inently connected with the business af
fairs of Little Rock.
FONTAINE, EDWARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1814, in Virginia. H&
was an episcopal clergyman of Missis
sippi, and the author of How the World
Was Peopled, a series of ethnological lec
tures. He died in 1884.
FONTAINE, FRANCIS, author. He
was the author of The Exile; and Etowah,
a Romance of the Confederacy.
FOOT, SAMUEL ALFRED, lawyer, jur
ist, legislator, was born Dec. 17, 1790, in
Watertown, N. Y. He was district at
torney for Albany county in 1819-21. He
was judge of the court of appeals in 1851,
and in 1856-57 served two terms in th&
legislature, where he introduced resolu
tions condemning the Dred Scott decision.
He died May 11, 1878, in Geneva, N. Y.
FOOT, SAMUEL AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
congressman, governor, was born Nov. 8,
1780, in Cheshire, Conn. He was chosen
a representative in congress from Con
necticut in 1819, 1823, and 1833; was
speaker of the Connecticut house of rep
resentatives in 1825 and 1826; and was
a senator in congress from 1827 to 1833.
In 1834 he was elected governor of the
state. He died Sept. 16, 1846.
FOOT, SOLOMON, educator, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Nov. 19, 1802, in Cornwall, Vt. He
was a member of the Vermont legislature
in 1833, 1836, 1837, 1838, and 1847; and was
speaker of the house during his last three
terms. He was a representative in con
gress from 1843 to 1847, and was elected
a senator in congress from Vermont for
the term 1851-57. He was re-elected for
the term ending in 1863; also for a third
term ending in 1869. He died March 28,
1866, in Washington.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
371
FOOTE, ANDREW HULL, naval of
ficer, author, was born Sept. 12, 1806, in
New Haven, Conn. His father was Sam
uel Augustus Foote,
known in United
States political his
tory as the mover of
Foote's resolutions.
In 1858 he was
placed in command
of the Brooklyn
navy yard; in 1862
was made rear ad
miral; and received
the surrender of Is
land No. 10. He was
the author of Africa
and the American Flag. He died June 6,
1863, in New York city.
FOOTE, ARTHUR WILLIAM, musi
cian, was born March 5, 1853, in Salem,
Mass. His published works include about
twenty compositions for the piano-forte,
songs, vocal quartettes, three pieces for
violoncello and piano-forte, three pieces
for violin and piano-forte, a string quar
tette, a trio for piano-forte, violin and
violoncello.
FOOTE, CHARLES A., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1823 to 1825. He died Aug. 1, 1828,
in Delaware county.
FOOTE, EDWARD BLISS, physician,
journalist, author, was born Feb. 20, 1829,
in Cleveland, Ohio. In his practice he
has made a specialty of chronic diseases.
He is editor of Dr. Foote's Health Month
ly; and is the author of Medical Common
Sense; and Science in Story.
FOOTE, EDWARD BOND, physician,
inventor, journalist, author, was born
Aug. 15, 1854, in Cleveland, Ohio. He in
vented and patented a wonder camera,
which has become widely known under
the name of polyopticon.
FOOTE, ELIAL TODD, physician, legis
lator, jurist, was born May 1, 1796, in
Gill, Mass. He was a member of the
New York legislature in 1820 and in 1826-
27; associate judge of common pleas In
1818-23, and in the latter year became
first judge of Chautauqua county, holding
the office till 1843, when he retired. He
died Nov. 17, 1877, in New Haven, Conn.
FOOTE, ELISHA, lawyer, jurist, in
ventor, was born Aug. 1, 1809, in Lee,
Mass. In 1864 he was appointed to the
board of appeals at the United States
patent office, and in 1868-69 was com
missioner. He died Oct. 22, 1883, in St.
Louis, Mo.
FOOTE, GEORGE ANDERSON, phy
sician, was born Dec. 16, 1835, in Warren
county, N. C. He was a surgeon in the
confederate army during the civil war.
FOOTE, HENRY STUART, lawyer,
statesman, author, was born Sept. 20,
1800, in Fauquier county, Va. In 1847 he
was elected from Mississippi a senator in
congress, where he remained until 1852;
and was elected governor of Mississippi
in 1852. He was the author of Texas and
the Texans; The War of the Rebellion,
or Scylla and Charybdis; Bench and Bar
of the South and Southwest; and Personal
Reminiscences. He died May 20, 1880, in
Nashville, Tenn.
FOOTE, HENRY WILDER, clergyman,
author, was born June 2, 1838, in Salem,
Mass. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
Boston, minister of King's Chapel from
1861 till his death; and the author of
Annals of King's Chapel; Thy Kingdom
Come, ten sermons on the Lord's prayer;
and The Insight of Faith.
FOOTE, JOHN HOWARD, musical ex
pert, poet, was born Nov. 11, 1833, in
Canton, Conn. In 1863 he established the
firm of John H. Foote and Company, im
porters of musical instruments; in which
business he has attained success.
FOOTE, JOHN JOHNSON, druggist,
state senator, was born Feb. 11, 1816, in
Hamilton, N. Y. He engaged in the drug
business in Hamilton; and in 1857 was
elected to the senate of the state of New
York. In 1865 he moved to Belvidere, 111.
FOOTE, LUCIUS H., soldier, lawyer,
diplomat, was born April 10, 1826, in
Winfield, N. Y. He was judge of the mu
nicipal court of Sacramento, Cal., from
1854 to 1860; and in 1861 was appointed
collector of the port of Sacramento. He
was adjutant-general of the state from
1872 to 1876; was appointed United States
consul at Valparaiso, Chili, in 1879; and
was acting charge d'affaires to Chili in
1882. In 1883 he was appointed envoy
extraordinary and minister plenipotenti
ary of the United States to Corea.
FOOTE, MRS. MARY HALLOCK, ar
tist, author, was born Nov. 19, 1847, in
Milton, N. Y. She is the author of The
Led Horse Claim, a Romance of a Mining
Camp; In Exile, and Other Stories; John
Bodewin's Testimony; The Chosen Val
ley; Cffiur d'Alene; The Last Assembly
Ball; and The Cup of Trembling, and
Other Stories.
FOOTE, THOMAS MOSES, journalist,
diplomat, was born in 1809, in Clinton,
N. Y. In 1849 he was appointed charge
d'affaires to New Grenada; and in 1852
was appointed to the same position near
the government of Austria. He died Feb.
20, 1858, in Buffalo, N. Y.
FOOTE, WALLACE TURNER, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 7, 1864, in
Port Henry, N. Y. He is now at the head
of the firm of Foote, Stokes and Owen,
doing a general law business at that
place. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
FOOTE, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, educator, author, was born Dec. 20,
1794, in Colchester, Conn. He was a
presbyterian clergyman and educator of
West Virginia, and the author of Sketches
of North Carolina; Sketches of the Pres
byterian Church in Virginia; The Hugue
nots, or Reformed French Church; and
Sketches of Virginia. He died Nov. 18,
1869, in Romney, W. Va.
FORAKER, JOSEPH BENSON, soldier,
lawyer, governor, United States senator,
was born July 5, 1846, near Rainsboro,
Highland county,
Ohio. He enlisted
July 14, 1862, as a
private in company
A, eighty-ninth reg
iment Ohio volun
teer infantry, with
which organization
he served until the
close of the war, at
which time he held
the rank of first
lieutenant and brev
et captain. He was
elected judge of the superior court of
Cincinnati in April, 1879; resigned on ac
count of ill-health in 1882. He was the
republican candidate for governor of Ohio
in 1883, but was defeated; and was elected
to that office in 1885, and re-elected in
1887. He was again nominated for gov
ernor and defeated in 1889; and was elect
ed United States senator and took his
seat March 4, 1897.
FORAN, MARTIN AMBROSE, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Nov. 11, 1844, in Susquehanna county, Pa.
He was city prosecutor of Cleveland from
1875 to 1877; was an unsuccessful candi
date for police judge in 1881; and was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
forty-eighth congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses
as a democrat.
FORBES, CHARLES EDWIN, philan
thropist, was born Aug. 25, 1795, in
Bridgewater, Mass. He attained a na
tional prominence as a philanthropist.
He died Feb. 13, 1881, in Northampton,
Mass.
FORBES, EDWIN, artist, was born in
1839, in New York city. Since 1878 he
has devoted himself to landscape and
cattle pictures. His later works are Early
Morning in an Orange County Pasture;
Roughing; On the Meadows; and Even
ing in the Sheep Pasture.
FORBES, ELI, clergyman, was born in
October, 1726, in Westborough, Mass. In
1758-59 he twice acted as chaplain of a
provincial regiment, and in 1762 conduct
ed a successful mission to the Oneida In
dians, among whom he established a
church and two schools. He died Dec.
15, 1804, in Gloucester, Mass.
FORBES, MRS. HARRIETTS (MER-
RIFIELD), author, was born in 1856, in
Massachusetts. She is a writer of West-
borough, Mass., and the author of The
Hundredth Town, a series of historical
sketches of Westborough; and A Lily
Stalk, studies of child life.
FORBES, JAMES, congressman. He
was a delegate from Maryland to the con
tinental congress from 1778 to 1780.
FORBES, JOHN, librarian, was born in
1771, in Scotland. He was librarian of
the New York society library, being
prominent during that time among liter
ary men in New York city. He died Oct.
4, 1824, in New York.
FORBES, JOHN FRANKLIN, educator,
college president, was born June 13, 1853,
in Middlesex, N. Y. He was professor of
Greek and Latin in the state normal
school at Brockway, N. Y., which position
he resigned in 1885 to accept the presi
dency of the recently established De Land
academy, subsequently John B. Stetson
university, of De Land, Fla.
FORBES, JOHN MURRAY, clergyman,
was born in 1806. In 1869 he was elected
dean of the General Theological semina
ry, resigning from that office in 1872. He
died in 1885 in Elizabeth, N. J.
FORBES, ROBERT, clergyman, lectur
er, was born Nov. 13, 1844, in Canada. He
is a successful clergyman of the method-
ist episcopal church, and now fills a pas
torate in Duluth, Minn. He has been a
presiding elder; chaplain of the Minneso
ta senate; and orator and grand chaplain
of the grand lodge of the A. F. and A. M.
He is a brilliant public lecturer, and has
contributed extensively to current litera
ture.
FORBES, ROBERT BENNET, mer
chant, author, was born in 1804, in Mas
sachusetts. He was a sea captain, and
subsequently a Boston merchant. He was
the author of China and the China Trade;
Construction of Ships for the Merchant
Service; Life Boats, Projectiles, and Oth
er Means for Saving Life; Seamen Past
and Present; Rambling Reminiscences;
and Notes on Some Few Wrecks and Res
cues.
FORBES, SAMUEL FRANKLIN, sur
geon, author, was born June 8, 1829, in
Canton, Conn. In 1886 he was mayor of
Toledo, Ohio. He is the author of several
medical works.
372
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FORBES, STEPHEN ALFRED, natur
alist, author, was born May 2tf, 1844, in
Silver Creek, 111. He is a professor of
zoology in the university of Illinois and
state entomologist, and the author of Stu
dies of the Food of Birds, Fishes, and In
sects; and Contagious Diseases of In
sects.
FORCE, MANNING FERGUSON, sol
dier, jurist, author, was born Dec. 17,
1824, in Washington, D. C. In 1845 he
graduated from Har-
!&••••• vard; and three
i years later from
t the law school of
fa • _ I that institution. In
' JtH <CN I 1S61 he was appoint-
I ed major of the
I twentieth Ohio regi-
ment, promoted to
I lieutenant - colonel,
and was engaged at
Fort Donelson and
•Shiloh. He was
then made colonel,
took part in the siege of Vicksburg, and
was made brigadier-general of volunteers.
He was with Sherman on his march to
Meridian in his Atlanta campaign, his
march to the sea, and across the Caroli-
nas; and brevetted major-general of vol
unteers in 1865. During 1867-77 he was
judge of the court of common pleas of
Hamilton county, Ohio; and from that
time till 1887 was judge of the superior
court of Cincinnati. In 1888 he was ap
pointed commandant of the Ohio Soldiers'
and Sailors' home, which position he still
holds. He is the author of From Fort
Henry to Corinth; Marching Across Caro
lina; The Mound Builders; Prehistoric
Man; and Recollections of the Vicksburg
Campaign.
FORCE, PETER, journalist, historian,
was born Nov. 26, 1790, near Little Fails,
N. J. He was a journalist and historian of
Washington who began in 1833 a docu
mentary history of the American colonies.
Thirty years' labor was spent upon the
task, and nine volumes completed, enti
tled American Archives. His other works
include Tracts and Other Papers relating
to the Origin of the North American Col
onies; and Grinnell Land. His immense
and valuable library was purchased by
congress In 1867. He died Jan. 23, 1868,
In Washington, D. C.
FORCE, WILLIAM QUEREAU. meteor
ologist, author, was born March 7, 1820,
in Washington, D. C. He was a meteor
ologist of Washington who assisted his
father in preparing American Archives,
and published Builder's Guide; and The
Picture of Washington. He died Dec. 15,
1880, in Washington, D. C.
FORD, CORYDON LA, physician, au
thor, was born Aug. 29, 1813, in Lexing
ton, N. Y. He is a physician of note who
has held several medical professorships,
and since 1886 has been professor emer
itus in the Long Island College hospital.
He Is the author of Questions on Anato
my, etc.; Questions on the Structure and
Development of the Human Teeth; and
Syllabus of Lectures on Odontology, Hu
man and Comparative.
FORD, DANIEL ROBERTS, clergyman,
was born June 8, 1836, in North Berwick,
Maine. He has filled various positions in
mercantile and manufacturing business
es; and has attained success as a clergy
man In his native state.
FORD, DANIEL S., journalist, was
born April 15, 1822. in Cambridgeport,
Mass. He purchased from N. P. Willis
The Youth's Companion, and has now for
thirty-five years, under the business nom
de plume of Perry Mason and Co., edited
and published that paper.
FORD, EDWARD LLOYD, publisher,
was born March 10, 1845, in England. In
1867 he became a partner in the newly
established publishing house of J. B. B'ord
and Co., and contributed largely to the
success of the Christian Union. He died
Dec. 16, 1880, in Morristown, N. J.
FORD, MRS. EMILY" ELLSWORTH
(FOWLER), author, poet, was born Aug.
26, 1826, in Greenfield, Mass. She is a
Brooklyn writer who has published My
Recollections, a volume of poetry.
FORD, GABRIEL HOGARTH, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 3, 1765, in Morris-
town, N. J. He became presiding judge of
tne court of common pleas for the eastern
district of New Jersey; and in 1820-40 was
a justice of the supreme court. He died
Aug. 27, 1849, in Morristown, N. J.
FORD, GEORGE, lawyer, congressman,
was born Jan. 11, 1846, in South Bend,
Ind. He was prosecuting attorney in
South Bend from 1875 until 1885, when
he resigned, having been elected a rep
resentative from Indiana to the forty-
ninth congress as a democrat.
FORD, GORDON LESTER, lawyer,
railroad president, was born Dec. 16, 1823,
in Lebanon, Conn. From 1873 till 1881
he was the business manager of the New
York Tribune; and in 188b became presi
dent of the Brooklyn, Flatbush and Coney
Island railroad. He died Nov. 14, 1891, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
FORD, JAMES, congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He served two years in
the Pennsylvania legislature, and was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1829 to 1833. He died in Aug
ust, 1850, in Lawrence, Pa.
FORD, JAMES LAUREN, journalist,
author, was born in 1854, in Missouri. He
is a journalist and litterateur of New
York city, and the author of Dr. Dodd's
School; The Third Alarm, are tales for
juvenile readers. Other works of his are
Hypnotic Tales; The Literary Shop; Bo
hemia Invaded; and Dolly Dillenback.
FORD, JASON P., educator, jurist, was
born Jan. 19, 1855, in Marion county, Ala.
He has filled various public positions of
trust; and is now judge of probate court
of his native county.
FORD, JOHN S., soldier, congressman,
was born May 26, 1815, in Greenville, S.
C. In 1844 he was a representative in
congress from Texas; and in 1850 was a
member of the state senate. He served
through the civil war and attained the
rank of colonel.
FORD, JOHN THOMSON, theatrical
manager, was born April 16, 1829, in Bal
timore, Md. He has been a state director
of the Maryland penitentiary for eighteen
years, and is active in philanthropic work
in Baltimore.
FORD, JOSHUA EDWARDS, mission
ary, author, was born Aug. 3, 1825, in Og-
densburg, N. Y. He edited several books
in the Arabic language, and wrote a work
in that tongue, entitled Fasting and Pray
er. He died April 3, 1866, in Geneseo,
N. Y.
FORD, MELBOURNE H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 30, 1849, in Sa
line, Mich. He has been official stenog
rapher of several Michigan courts since
1874; was a member of the Michigan leg
islature in 1885-86, and was elected to the
fiftieth congress as a democrat.
FORD, NICHOLAS, merchant, con
gressman, was born in Ireland. He emi
grated to the United States in 1848, and
was elected a representative from Missou
ri to the forty-sixth and forty-seventh
congresses.
FORD, PAUL LEICESTER, author, was
born March 23, 1865, in Brooklyn, N. y.
He is a resident of Brooklyn; and the au
thor of Bibliotheca Hamiltonia; Franklin
Bibliography; The Honorable Peter Stir
ling, a novel of New York society; and
The True George Washington.
FORD, MRS. SALLIE ROCHESTER,
author, was born in 1828 in Rochester
Springs, Ky. She is a St. Louis writer
whose early writings were very popular,
Grace Truman, her first book, having an
extensive sale. Other works of hers are:
Romance of Freemasonry; Raids and Ro
mance of Morgan and His Men; Mary
Bunyan, the Dreamer's Blind Daughter;
Evangel Wiseman; and Ernest Quest.
FORD, SAMUEL HOWARD, clergy
man, author, was born in 1823, in Missou
ri. He was a baptist clergyman of Mem
phis, Mobile and elsewhere, living in re
tirement in St. Louis since 1887. He is
the author of The Origin of the Baptists;
and Servetus, Hero and Martyr.
FORD, SEABURY, state legislator, gov
ernor, was born Oct. 15, 1801, in Pomfret,
Conn. He served several terms in the
state legislature, and was at different
times speaker in each branch. He was
governor of Ohio in 1848 and 1850; and
major-general of militia. He died May 8,
1855, in Burton, Ohio.
FORD, SMITH THOMAS, clergyman,
was born Feb. 3, 1851, in Camden, N. Y.
He has filled pastorates in numerous bap
tist churches in Hamilton, Greene, Alba
ny, and Syracuse, N. Y.
FORD, THOMAS, lawyer, governor, au
thor, was born in 1804. He was a judge
of the superior court of Illinois; and was
the author of a History of Illinois from
1818 to 1847. He was governor of the
state from 1842 to 1846. He died in Jan
uary, 1851, In Peoria, 111.
FORD, TIMOTHY, lawyer, was born
Dec. 4, 1762, in Morristown, N. J. He
was a member of the legislature and the
Charleston city council; a trustee of
Charleston college, and president of va
rious literary societies. He died Dec. 7,
1830.
FORD, WILLIAM D., congressman, was
born in Providence, R. I. He served in
the New York assembly in 1816 and 1817,
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1819 to 1821.
FORD, WILLIAM HENRY, surgeon,
author, was born Oct. 7. 1839, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He is a Philadelphia surgeon,
and twice president of the municipal
board of health. He has published
Healthy Dwelling-Houses and How to
Build Them.
FORD, WORTHINGTON CHAUNCEY,
author, was born Feb. 16, 1858, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He is a government statisti
cian at Washington, and the author of
American Citizens' Manual; and The
Standard Silver Dollar.
FORDYCE, SAMUEL WESLEY, sol
dier, financier, was born Feb. 7, 1840, in
Guernsey county, Ohio. He was a pri
vate In the civil war, and steadily rose
to a captaincy of cavalry. At the close
of the war he established the banking
house of Fordyce and Rison of Hunts-
ville, Ala.; and is the president of the St.
Louis Southwestern Railway company.
FOREPAUGH, JOSEPH LYBRANDT,
merchant, was born Jan. 6, 1834, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1865, with Mr. Justice, he
established the firm of J. L. Forepaugh
and Co. of Philadelphia. Pa., the first ex
clusively wholesale dry goods house in
that state.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
373
FORESMAN, JOHN OAKES, educator,
clergyman, was born May 18, 1835, In Ly-
coming county, Pa. After receiving uis
education at the Western Reserve college
of Ohio he entered into educational work.
In 1858 he became a teacher in the Dela
ware Indian Mission school, and in 1860
a missionary in the Rocky mountains. He
is a successful clergyman of the method-
ist episcopal church of Horton, Kan.
FOREST, JOHN ANTHONY, clergy
man, bishop, was born Dec. 25, 1838, in
France. He was pastor for thirty-three
years at Halletsville, Tex.; and in 1895
was consecrated catholic bishop of San
Antonio.
FORESTER, JOHN B., congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1833 to 1837. He died Aug. 31, 1845.
FORKER, SAMUEL C., congressman,
was born March 16, 1821, in Mount Holly,
N. J. He was cashier of the Bordeutown
Banking company; and was elected to the
forty-second congress.
FORMAN, DAVID, soldier, jurist, was
born near Englishtown, N. J. He com
manded the New Jersey militia at Ger-
mantown. After the war he was a judge
of the county court, and a member of the
council of state. He died about 1812.
FORMAN, EMILY SHAW, author, poet.
She is the vice-president of the Boston
Browning club; and the author of a vol
ume of poems illustrated by Fidelia
Bridges.
FORMAN, GEORGE W., physician, sur
geon, was born Dec. 18, 1820, in Nelson
county, Ky. In 1869 he received the ap
pointment of deputy internal revenue col
lector for the fourth Kentucky district,
and in 1873 accepted the additional duties
of assessor.
FORMAN, JOSHUA, manufacturer, leg
islator, was born Sept. 6, 1777, in Pleas
ant Valley, N. Y. In 1807 he was elected
to the New York legislature; and in 1808
founded the celebrated Plaster company
of Camillus. He was the founder of the
city of Syracuse. He died Aug. 4, 1848, iu
Rutherfordton, N. C.
FORMAN, WILLIAM S., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 20,
1847, in Natchez, Miss. He was a mem
ber of the state senate, thirty-fourth and
thirty-fifth general assemblies; and was
elected to the fifty-first and fifty-second
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
FORNANCE, JOSEPH, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1839 to 1841.
FORNEY, DANIEL M., soldier, con
gressman, was born in May, 1784, in Lin
coln county, N. C. He was a representa
tive in congress from North Carolina
from 1815 to 1818, and in 1820 was ap
pointed commissioner to treat with the
Creek Indians. From 1823 to 1826 he was
a member of the state legislature. He
died in October, 1847, in Lowndes county,
Ala.
FORNEY, JOHN WEISS, journalist,
author, was born Sept. 30, 1817, in Lan
caster, Pa. He was a journalist of Phila
delphia and Washington of prominence,
and a politician, and secretary of the
United States senate in 1861-68. He was
the author of Life of General Hancock;
Anecdotes of Public Men; The New No
bility, a story of England and America;
What I Saw in Texas; A Centennial Com
missioner in Europe; Letters from
Europe; and Forty Years of American
Journalism. He died Dec. 9, 1881, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
FORNEY, PETER, soldier, congress
man, was born in April, 1756, in Lincoln
county, N. C. He served as a member of
the state legislature for several years;
and was a representative in congress
from North Carolina from 1813 to 1815.
He died Feb. 1, 1834, in Lincoln county,
N. C.
FORNEY, WILLIAM HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Nov. 9,
1823, in Lincolnton, N. C. In 1859 he was
elected to the state legislature. He served
in the confederate army during the rebel
lion, rising to the rank of brigadier-
general. In 1865 he was elected a state
senator. In 1874 he was elected a repre
sentative from Alabama to the forty-
fourth congress; and was re-elected to
the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-
first and fifty-second congresses as a
democrat.
FORREST, EDWIN, actor, was born
March 9, 1806, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was one of the most successful of Ameri
can actors. He died Dec. 12, 1872, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
FORREST, FRENCH, naval officer, was
born in 1796, in Maryland. At the begin
ning of the civil war, when Virginia se
ceded, he joined the confederates, and
was given the command of the navy. He
died Dec. 22, 1866, in Georgetown, D. C.
FORREST, HERBERT ARTHUR, law
yer, was born March 10, 1860, in Colling-
wood, Ontario, Canada. He received his
education in the schools of Michigan, and
has attained success as an able lawyer of
Saginaw. He has been a member of the
Michigan state board of corrections and
charities; in 1892 he was lay delegate to
the general conference of the methodist
episcopal church; and has filled various
positions of honor connected with edu
cational and religious institutions.
FORREST, THOMAS, congressman,
was born in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1819 to 1821, and again from 1822 to
1823, to fill a vacancy. He died March 20,
1825.
FORREST, URIAH, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1756, in St. Mary's
county, Md. He was a general in the rev
olutionary war. He was a delegate to
the continental congress from 1786 to
1787; and was a representative in con
gress from Maryland during the years
1793 and 1794, and resigned. He died in
April, 1805, near Georgetown, D. C.
FORRY, SAMUEL, physician, surgeon,
author, was born June 23, 1811, in Berlin,
Pa. He was a physician and surgeon of
New York city, and the author of The Cli
mate of the United States and its Endemic
Influences; and Meteorology. He died
Nov. 8, 1844.
FORSHEY, CALEB GOLDSMITH, en
gineer, was born July 18, 1812, in Somer
set county, Pa. In 1855 he established the
Texas military institute and conducted it
till 1861, when, though opposed to seces
sion, he entered the confederate service
as a lieutenant-colonel of engineers. He
died July 25, 1881, in Carrollton, La.
FORSHEY, JOHN ARAD, soldier,
stock-raiser, legislator, was born July 7,
1845, in Danville, Mo. He received a
thorough education, and attended the
Texas State Military institute. He served
through the civil war in the confederate
army under General Sterling Price, and
held a captain's commission at the close
of the war. He then drifted west, and
in 1870 settled in Wyoming. He has filled
numerous public offices of trust, and is
now a member of the fourth legislature
of Wyoming. He is also a successful
rancnman and stock-grower of Uinta
county, Wyo.
FORSTER, WILLIAM, missionary, was
born in 1784, in England. In 1803 he be
came a minister of the society of Friends,
and thenceforth his life was devoted to
missionary and benevolent labors
throughout the British Isles, the conti
nent of Europe, and the United States. He
died in 1854, in Knox county, Tenn.
FORSYTH, ALEXANDER, business
man, state senator, was born Aug. 16,
1860, in Adelaide, Canada. Since 1876 he
has been engaged principally in educa
tional work and the fire insurance and
banking business at Standish, Mich. In
1897-98 he served as a member of tne
Michigan state senate.
FORSYTH, BENJAMIN, soldier, state
legislator, was born in Stokes county, N.
C. He was a member of the legislature of
North Carolina in 1807-8. He commanded
in the successful assault on Gananoque,
Upper Canada, in 1812, and also at the
capture of the British guard at Elizabeth-
town, Canada, iu 1813. He died June 28,
1814, in Oldtown, N. Y.
FORSYTH, JAMES W., soldier, was
born about 1835, in Ohio. He served in
the civil war and was brevetted briga
dier-general of volunteers in 1864; colo
nel in the regular army in 1865; and brig
adier-general for services during the war.
FORSYTH, JOHN, lawyer, statesman,
was born Oct. 22, 1780, in Fredericksburg,
Va. He was attorney-general of the state;
was a representative in congress from
Georgia from 1813 to 1818, and from 1823
to 1827. He was a senator in congress
during the years 1818 and 1819, and from
1829 to 1837. He was governor of Georgia
in 1827, 1828, and 1829; minister to Spain
from 1819 to 1822; and was secretary of
state under President Jackson. He died
Oct. 21, 1841, in Washington City.
FORSYTHE, ALBERT P., soldier, con
gressman, was born May 24, 1830, in New
Richmond, Ohio. He was a first lieutenant
in the union army during the war of the
rebellion. He was elected a representa
tive from Illinois to the forty-sixth con
gress.
FORSYTHE, JOHN AULD, soldier,
journalist, meteorologist, was born July
10, 1834, in Zanesville, Ohio. He received
a liberal education, and his early years
were devoted to educational work and lit
erature. His military service began with
the march of the army of the invasion to
Utah in 1857. He served as a union sol
dier during the civil war; and was pro
moted to lieutenant of artillery and aide-
de-camp. At the close of the war he en
tered journalism, and is now the editor
and owner of The Democrat of Seymour,
Ind. He is a practical meteorologist; the
observer for the weather bureau at Sey
mour, Ind.; and is the inventor of a code
of steam whistle signals for the more
general dissemination of the weather
forecast.
FORT, GEORGE FRANKLIN, gover
nor, author, was born in May, 1809, in
Pemberton, N. J. He was a governor of
New Jersey in 1850-54, and the author of
Early History and Antiquities of Freema
sonry. He died April 22, 1872, in New
Egypt, N. J.
FORT, GREENBERRY LAFAYETTE,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born Oct. 11, 1825, in Sciota county, Ohio.
In 1834 he moved to Illinois. In 1866 he
was elected to the state senate; and was
elected to the forty-third, forty-fourth,
forty-fifth and forty-sixth congresses as a
republican. He died Jan. 13, 1883, in La-
con, 111.
374
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FORT, JAMES MADISON, journalist,
lawyer, was born July 1, 1846, near Lacon,
111. Since 1869 he has practiced law in
Minonk, 111.; and has been city attorney
for a number of terms. For nearly twen
ty years he has been editor and owner of
the Minonk Blade and other newspapers.
FORT, TOMLINSON, physician, bank
er, congressman, was born July 11, 1787,
in Warren county, Ga. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Georgia from
1827 to 1829; and was at one time a mem
ber of the legislature of Georgia. He was
president of the Central bank of Georgia
from 1832 until his death. He died May
11, 1859, in Milledgeville, Ga.
FORTIER, ALCEE, educator, author,
was born June 5, 1856, in St. James, La.
He was an educator of Louisiana, pro
fessor in Tulane university, and the au
thor of Le Chateau de Chambord; Gabriel
d'Ennerich, an historical novelette; Bits
of Louisiana Folk-Lore; Sept Grands Au-
teurs de XIX Siecle; Historie de la
LittSrature Francaise; Louisiana Studies;
and Louisiana Folk Tales. He has also
annotated college editions of several
French texts.
FORWARD, CHAUNCEY, physician,
clergyman, congressman, was born at Old
Granby, Conn. He was frequently elect
ed to the state legislature, serving in both
houses. In 1825 he was elected a repre
sentative in congress for an unexpired
term, and was twice re-elected, serving
until 1831. He died in October, 1839, in
Somerset, Pa.
FORWARD, WALTER, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1786, in Con
necticut. He was elected to congress from
Pennsylvania as a representative, where
he continued till 1825. In 1841 he was
appointed first comptroller of the treas
ury, which post he held until appointed,
by President Tyler, secretary of the treas
ury. He was president judge of the dis
trict court of Allegheny county for many
years. He died Nov. 24, 1852, in Pitts-
burg, Pa.
FORWOOD, WILLIAM STUMP, physi
cian, author, was born Jan. 27, 1830, in
Darlington, Md. He is a physician of
Darlington, Md., and the author of His
tory and Descriptive Account of Mam
moth Cave, with Full Scientific Details of
the Eyeless Fishes.
FOSDICK, CHARLES AUSTIN, au
thor, was born Sept. 6, 1844, in Randolph,
N. Y. He received his education in Buf
falo, N. Y., and graduated from the Cen
tral high school of that city. He left
school to enter the navy, and held all the
positions there from landsman to receiver
and superintendent of coal for the Mis
sissippi squadron. He has attained a
national reputation as a juvenile writer,
and under the nom de plume of Harry
Castlemon has published The Gunboat
Series; Rocky Mountain Series; Rough
ing It Series; and The Steel Horse, or the
Rambles of a Bicycle, which are but a
few of the whole number.
FOSDICK, NICOLL, public official, con
gressman, was born Nov. 9, 1785, in New
London, Conn. In 1818 he was a member
of the legislature of New York; again in
1819, and declined a re-election. He was
a representative from New York in the
nineteenth congress. He reiurned to his
native place in 1843; and from 1849 to
1853 was collector of customs for the dis
trict of New London. He died May 7,
1868, in New London, Conn.
FOSDICK, PHILIP C., manufacturer,
legislator, was born April 21, 1858, In
Louisville, Ky. He is a manufacturer
and president of the Fosdlck and Plucker
Machine Tool company in Cincinnati,
Ohio. In 1895 he served with distinction
as a member of the Ohio general assem
bly.
FOSDICK, WILLIAM WHITEMAN,
lawyer, author, poet, was born Jan. 28,
1825, in Cincinnati. He was a lawyer of
Cincinnati, who published Malmiztic the
Toltec, a novel; and Ariel and Other
Poems. He died March 8, 1862, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio.
FOSNES, C. A., lawyer, state legislator,
was born in 1862, in Norway. Since 1884
he has practiced law in Montevideo, Minn.
He has been city attorney; village may
or; and in 1896 was elected a member of
the Minnesota state legislature.
FOSS, CYRUS DAVID, educator, cler
gyman, bishop, author, was born Jan. 17,
1834, in Kingston, N. Y. In 1854 he grad
uated from the Wes-
leyan university;
and for three years
was an instructor in
Amenia seminary,
New York. In 1857
he entered the trav
eling ministry; was
for six years in the
city of Brooklyn,
and for ten years
pastor in churches
in New York city. In
1875 he was elected
president of the Wesleyan university;
served until May, 1880, when he was elect
ed and ordained a bishop of the method-
ist episcopal church. His duties have
since been at Minneapolis, Minn., and
Philadelphia, Pa. He has published Ser
mons and Addresses, and other works.
FOSS, GEORGE EDMUND, was born
July 2, 1863, in Berkshire, Vt. He began
the practice of iaw in Chicago; and never
held any political office until elected to
the fifty-fourth congress, and was re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
FOSS, SAMUEL WALTER, author,
poet, was born in 1858 in New Hamp
shire. He is a writer of popular dialect
and other poems, whose home is in Som-
erville, Mass. He is the author of Back
Country Poems; and Whiffs from Wild
Meadows.
FOSTER, A. LAWRENCE, congress
man, was born in New YorK. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1841 to 184o.
FOSTER, ABBY KELLEY, reformer,
abolitionist, was born Jan. 15, 1811, in
Pelham, Mass. She was a noted reform
er, and an ardent abolitionist. She died
Jan. 14, 1887, in Worcester, Mass.
FOSTER, ABIEL, clergyman, congress
man, was born Aug. 8, 1735, in Andover,
Mass. He was a representative in con
gress from New Hampshire from 1789 to
1791; and was again a representative in
the legislature. He was a member of the
state senate from 1793 to 1794, and in both
years was president of that body. He
was again elected to congress from 1795
to 1803. He died Feb. 6, 1806, in Canter
bury, N. H.
FOSTER, BENJAMIN, clergyman, was
born June 12, 1750, in Danvers, Mass. He
was an accomplished scholar, particularly
in the Greek, Hebrew and the Chaldean
languages, and was eminent as a preach
er. He died Aug. 26, 1798, in New York
city.
FOSTER, CASSIUS G., soldier, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born Jan. 22, 1837,
in Webster, N. Y. During 1863-64 he was
a member of the Kansas state legislature;
mayor of Atchison in 1867; and was com
missioned United States district judge for
the district of Kansas in 1874, which po
sition he still retains, with headquarters
at Topeka.
FOSTER, CHARLES, merchant, legis
lator, congressman, governor, was born
April 12, 1828, near Tiffin, Ohio. He was
taken by his father
in his fifth year to
what is now Fosto-
ria, Ohio, then a wil
derness; he received
his education at
Norwalk academy,
and became a suc
cessful merchant. In
1870 he was chosen
to congress as a re
publican, and was
three times re-elect
ed, serving in the
forty-second, forty-third, forty-fourth and
forty-fifth congresses. In 1879 he was
elected governor of Ohio; and received
the re-election in 1881, serving four years
in all. His administration was marked
by efforts to regulate the sale of intoxi
cating liquors. In 1891 he became secre
tary of the treasury, which position he
filled with distinction.
FOSTER, CHARLES HUBBS, actor,
author, was born in 1833, in New York.
He was an actor and playwright of New
York city, who wrote more than seventy-
five plays, mostly melodramas, among
which are: Twins of London; Twenty
Years Dead; and The Chain Gang. He
died in 1895.
FOSTER, CHARLES JAMES, journal
ist, was born Nov. 24, 1820, in England.
He wrote for The Spirit of the Times,
and in 1876 established the New York
Sportsman, in New York city. He died
Sept. 12, 1883, in Astoria, N. Y.
FOSTER, DAVID SKAATS, author,
poet. He is the author of Rebecca the
Witch, and Other Tales in Metre, first Is
sued as The Romance of tne Unexpected;
Spanish Castles by the Rhine; and a
Triptychal Yarn.
FOSTER, DWIGHT, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Dec. 7, 1757, in Brookfield, Mass. He
was county sheriff and judge .and after
wards chief justice of common pleas; and
was for some years a member of the
house and senate of Massachusetts. He
was a member of the executive council
of Massachusetts; and was a representa
tive in congress from 1793 to 1799, and
United States senator from 1800 to 1803,
when he resigned. He died April 29, 1823,
in Brookfield. Mass.
FOSTER, EPHRAIM H., United States
senator, was born about 1795. He was
speaker of the house of representatives of
Tennessee in 1820; in 1837 was elected to
the United States senate, but in 1839 re
signed his seat because he could not obey
the instructions of the state legislature.
In 1843 he was re-elected for two years;
on his return from Washington was a
candidate for governor, but failed of an
election. He died Sept. 4, 1854, in Nash
ville, Tenn.
FOSTER, EUGENE, physician, was
born April 7, 1850, In Augusta, Ga. He
has become one of the most prominent
physicians in his state at Augusta.
FOSTER, FOUNTAIN HEATH, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 20, 1847, in Salem,
111. He has attained success as an emi
nent lawyer of Arkansas. He has been
mayor of Bentonville; judge of Benton
county; and judge of the probate court
of Benton county, Ark.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
375
FOSTER, FRANK HUGH, clergyman,
theologian, author, was born June 18,
1851, in Springfield, Mass. He filled the
chair of philosophy in Middlebury college
in 1882-84; of church history in the Ober-
lin Theological seminary in 1884-92; and
since 1892 has been professor of system
atic theology in the Pacific Theological
seminary of Oakland, Cal. He is the au
thor of The Seminary Method of Study
in the Historical Sciences; and other
works.
FOSTER, MRS. HANNAH WEBSTER,
author, was born in 1759, in Massachu
setts. She was a writer who was the wife
of John Foster, minisier at Brighton
Mass., in 1784-1827, and after his death a
resident of Montreal. She wrote The
Boarding School; Letters of a Precep
tress; but is remembered chiefly for hav
ing been the author of the once famous
story, The Coquette, or the history of
Eliza Wharton. She died in 1840, in
Montreal, Canada.
FOSTER, HENRY ALLEN, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born May 7, 1800, in Hartford, Conn. He
served in the senate of that state from
1831 to 1834, and from 1841 to 1844. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1837 to 1839; and was a
senator in congress during the years 1844
and 1845, by appointment of the governor.
He was subsequently a judge of the su
preme court of New York.
FOSTER, HENRY DONNEL, lawyer,
congressman, was born L<ec. 19, 1812, in
Mercer, Pa. He was elected to the twen
ty-eighth and twen
ty-ninth congress
es; and was elected
to the legislature of
Pennsylvania i n
1846 and 1847. He
was the democratic
candidate for gover
nor of Pennsylvania
in 1860; and was
elected to the forty-
second congress. He
served on the com
mittee of claims, and
other important committees.
FOSTER, ISAAC, physician, surgeon
was born about 1740, in Charlestown
Mass. He was a delegate to the first pro
vincial congress of Massachusetts in 1744
He was at the head of the military medi
cal department during the revolutionary
war, and was director-general of the
American hospital department. He died
in February, 1781.
FOSTER, JACOB POST GIRAUD law
yer, was born April 8, 1827, in New York
city. He practiced in New York city,
and gained a high reputation, especially
as an insurance lawyer. He died Feb
26, 1886, in New York city.
FOSTER, JAMES PEERS, lawyer was
born Aug. 31, 1848, in Flushing, N. Y.
He was chosen the first president of what
is now the republican league of the
United States. He is a trustee and dlr-
rector in various corporations and insti
tutions of New York city.
FOSTER, JEDEDIAH, lawyer, jurist
congressman, was born Oct. 10, 1726 in
Andover, Mass. In 1776 he was appointed
a judge of the superior court; and was
for many years a judge of probate, and
also of the court of common pleas. He
died Oct. 17, 1779, in Brookfield, Mass.
FOSTER, JOHN G., educator lawyer
was born Oct. 14, 1868. in Morgan county,
Ohio. He attended the National Normal
school of Lebanon, Ohio; and graduated
from the law department of the West Vir
ginia university. He attained success in
educational work, and became county
superintendent of schools. He is now en
gaged in the practice of law at Fayette-
ville, W. Va.
FOSTER, JOHN GRAY, soldier, civil
engineer, was born May 27, 1823, in
Whitefleld, N. H. He received the brevets
of first lieutenant
and captain for gal
lantry. He was as
sistant engineer in
Maryland in 1848-52,
and on coast survey
duty in Washington,
D. C., in 1852-54. He
served with distinc
tion through the
civil war. He died
Sept. 2, 1874, in
Nashua, N. H. For
many years he serv
ed as a professor of engineering at West
Point.
FOSTER, JOHN HAMILTON, physi
cian, legislator, was born in 1826, in Guil-
ford county, N. C. He was a member of
the territorial legislature of Oregon in
the early fifties, and was known as a
prominent physician and one of the pion
eers of that profession in central Iowa
where he located in 1853. He died Dec'
7, 1894, in Iowa Falls, Iowa.
FOSTER, JOHN WATSON, lawyer, dip
lomat, was born March 2, 1836, in Peters
burg, Ind. He served in the union army
throughout the war of the rebellion, ris
ing to the rank of colonel and brevet
brigadier-general. In 1869 he was ap
pointed postmaster at Evansville; and in
1873 was appointed United States Min
ister to Mexico. In 1880 he was trans
ferred to St. Petersburg, as minister to
Russia; and 1883 was appointed United
States minister to Spain. He served as
secretary of state under President Harri
son in l!s92-96. He now practices law in
Washington, D. C.
FOSTER, JOHN WELLS, geologist, au
thor, was born March 4, 1815, in Brum-
field, Mass. He was a geologist employed
by the United States in a geological sur
vey of the Lake Superior region, and sub
sequently a resident of Chicago. He was
the author of The Mississippi Valley;
Mineral Wealth and Railroad Develop
ment; Prehistoric Races of the United
States; and Geology and Topography of
the Lake Superior Land District. He died
June 29, 1873, in Chicago, 111.
FOSTER, MRS. JUDITH ELLEN HOR-
TON, lawyer, author, was born Nov. 3,
1840, in Lowell, Mass. She is a lawyer
and prominent temperance advocate of
Iowa, and the author of The Crime
Against Ireland; Amendment Manual
(Prohibition); The American Renais
sance; and Republican Contentions and
Supreme Court Decisions.
FOSTER, LA FAYETTE SABINE, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Nov. 22, 1806, in Franklin, Conn.
He was a member of the general assem
bly of Connecticut in 1839 and 1840, in
1846, 1847, and 1848, and 1854; and was
speaker of the house in 1847, 1848 and 1854.
He was chosen a senator in congress for
the term 1855-61. In 1860 he was re-
elected for the term ending in 1867. In
1869 he was elected professor of law in
Yale college, and in 1870 to a seat on the
bench of the supreme court of Connecti
cut. He died Sept. 19, 1880, in Norwich,
Conn.
FOSTER, MURPHY J. He was born
Jan. 12, 18*9, in Franklin, La. In 1892
he was elected governor of Louisiana, af
ter the most memorable campaign ever
known in Louisiana — the anti-lottery
campaign. He has practiced law with
success; has declined nomination for con
gress; and the appointment of associate
justice on the supreme bench.
FOSTER, N. C., railroad president, was
born in Owego, N. Y. He entered rail
way service in 1882, as owner of the
Chicago, Fail-child and Eau Claire River
railroad; of which he has been president
and general manager since 1891. He was
also president and general manager of
the Sault Ste. Marie and Southwestern
railway from 1886 for several years. He
has taken an active part in the public af
fairs of Fairchild, Wis.; and in all meas
ures for the welfare of his state.
FOSTER, NATHANIEL G., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Aug
25, 1809, in The Fork, Ga. He served
three years as solicitor-general of the
Ocmulgee circuit; five years in the state
senate, and one year in the house; and
was a representative in the thirty-fourth
congress.
FOSTER, RANDOLPH SINKS, educat
or, college president, bishop, author was
born Feb. 22, 1820, in Williamsburg, Ohio.
He has been presi
dent of the North
western university
of Evanston, 111.;
president of the
Drew Theological
seminary of Madi
son, N. J. ; and is
now a bishop of the
methodist episcopal
church at Roxbury,
Mass. He is the au
thor of Objections to
Calvinism; Chris
tian Purity; Ministry Needed for the
Times; Theism; Beyond the Grave; Cen
tenary Thoughts; and Studies in Theol
ogy.
FOSTER, ROBERT SANDFORD sol
dier, was born Jan. 27, 1834, in Vernon,
Ind. He served in the civil war and at
tained the rank of
major-general. Since
the war he has re
sided in Indianapo
lis, and was its
treasurer from 1867
till 1872. He was
United States mar
shal for the district
of Indiana from 1881
till 1885. He was
detailed as a member
of the commission
that tried the con
spirators and assassins of President Lin
coln. While serving in the civil war his
regiment was daily engaged with the con
federate forces; and during the cam
paign the first battle of Winchester was
fought by him. He was engaged in the
operations in front of Richmond and Pet
ersburg; and was in the final pursuit
and capture of Lee's army at Appomat-
tox.
FOSTER, ROBERT VERRELL, clergy
man, educator, author, was born in 1845,
in Tennessee. He is a Cumberland pres-
byterian clergyman and educator; and
has been professor of Hebrew in the The
ological seminary at Lebanon, Tenn.,
since 1877. He is the author of Intro
duction to the Study of Theology; Old
Testament Studies; and Commentary on
the Epistle to the Romans.
FOSTER, STEPHEN, educator, college
president, was born Feb. j.5, 1798, in An
dover, Mass. In 1827 he took the chair
of Latin and Greek in the East Tennessee
college, now the university of Tennessee,
of Knoxville, and became president of the
college in 1834. He died Jan. 11, 1835, in
Kuoxville, Tenn.
376
HERRINOSHAW'B ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FOSTER, STEPHEN C., lumber mer
chant, ship builder, congressman, was
born Dec. 24, 1799, in Machias, Maine.
He was in the Maine legislature from
1834 to 1837, again in 1840, when he was
president of the senate, and again in 1847.
He was elected to congress from Maine
in 1856, serving through the thirty-fifth
congress. He was re-elected to the thir
ty-sixth congress; and was a member of
the peace congress of 1861.
FOSTER, STEPHEN COLLINS, author,
poet, was born July 4, 1826, in Pittsburg,
Pa. He was a famous song writer and
composer of Pittsburg and New York city.
He set to music one hundred and twenty-
five or more songs, the words in nearly
all cases being his own. Some of them,
like the Suwanee River, My Old Kentucky
Home, and Nelly Bly, are known in all
English-speaking lands. He died Jan. 13,
1864, in New York city.
FOSTER STEPHEN SYMONDS, aboli
tionist, author, was born Nov. 17, 1809,
in Canterbury, N. H. He was a noted anti-
slavery agitator of Worcester, Mass. He
was the author of The Brotherhood of
Thieves, a True Picture of the American
Church and Clergy. He died Sept. 8,
1881, in Worcester, "Mass.
FOSTER, THEODORE, lawyer. United
States senator, was born April 29, 1752,
in Brookfield, Mass. He was a senator in
congress from Rhode Island from 1790 to
1803. He died Jan. 13, 1828, in Provi
dence, R. I.
FOSTER, MRS. THEODOSIA (TOLI) —
FAYE HUNTINGTON— educator, author,
was born in 1838, in New York. She is
an educator of Verona, N. Y., who has
written extensively for young people. She
is the author of In Earnest; What Fide
Remembers; A Baker's Dozen; A Modern
Exodus; and other works.
FOSTER, THOMAS FLOURNOY, law
yer, congressman, was born Nov. 23, 1790,
in Greenborough, Ga. He was for many
years a member of the Georgia legisla
ture; and was a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1829 to 1835,
and again from 1841 to 1843. He died in
1847, in Columbus, Ga.
FOSTER, WILDER D., merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 8,
1821, in Monroe, N. Y. He was city treas
urer and alderman of Grand Rapids,
Mich.; and in Is54 was elected mayor.
He was elected state senator for 1855 and
1856; again elected mayor in 1865 and
1866, and was elected to the forty-second
congress to fill a vacancy, and was re-
elected to the forty-third congress. He
died Sept. 20, 1873.
FOSTER, WILLIAM EATON, author,
was born in 1851, in Vermont. He is a
librarian of Providence, and the author of
The Civil Service Reform Movement;
The Literature of Civil Service Reform in
the United States; Stephen Hopkins, a
Rhode Island Statesman; and Town Gov
ernment in Rhode Island.
FOSTER, WILLIAM PRESCOTT, law
yer, poet. He is a successful lawyer of
Bar Harbor, Maine; and the author of a
number of meritorious poems.
FOUKE, PHILIP B., soldier, journalist,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 23,
1818, in Kaskaskia, 111. He was elected
prosecuting attorney for his district, and
was re-elected. In 1851 he was elected
a member of the Illinois legislature; and
in 1856 was again elected prosecuting at
torney. In 1858 he was elected a repre
sentative from Illinois to the thirty-sixth
congress; and re-elected to tne thirty-
seventh congress.
FOULKE, WILLIAM DUDLEY, lawyer,
legislator, author, was born Nov. 20, 1848,
in New York city. He has served as a
member of the Indiana state senate; pres
ident of the Indiana Civil Service Re
form association; and as president of the
American Woman's Suffrage association.
He is the author of Slav and Saxon.
FOUSE, LEV1 G., underwriter, was
born Oct. 21, 1850, in Morrison's Cove,
Pa. He is president of the American
Faculty of Actuaries; and is the author
of a system of life insurance which has
become popularly known as the Fouse
plan.
FOUTE, ROBERT CHESTER, naval of
ficer, clergyman, was born April 14, 1841,
in Greenville, Tenn. He served in the
United States navy during the civil war;
and attained the rank of lieutenant. He
was ordained priest in 1874 in the Christ
church of Savannah, Ga.; and in 1883 was
elected rector of Grace church of San
Francisco, Cal.
FOUTS, L. M., railroad president, was
born July 22, 1854, in New Washington,
Ind. Since 1891 he has been president of
the Weatherford, Mineral Wells and
Northwestern railway.
FOWLE, DANIEL, printer, journalist,
was born about 1715,inCharlestown, Mass.
From 1742 to 1750 he was a partner witn
Gamaliel Rogers, and in 1748-50 joint
publisher with him of the Independent
Advertiser. They were the first in Amer
ica to print the New Testament. He died
June, 1787, in Portsmouth, N. H.
FOWLE, ROBERT, journalist. He was
a partner with his uncle in the publica
tion of the New Hampshire Gazette,
which was the only newspaper in New
Hampshire at the beginning of the revo
lution.
FOWLE, WILLIAM BENTLEY, edu
cator, was born Oct. 17, 1795, in Boston,
Mass. He was a member of the Massa
chusetts legislature in 1843. About 1851
he opened a monitorial school in Boston,
which he conducted successfully till 1860.
He died Feb. 6, 1865, in Medford, Mass.
FOWLER, ANDREW, clergyman, was
born about 1765, in Guilford, Conn. After
residing on Long Island and in Philadel
phia, he became rector of churches in
Spotswood, Shrewsbury, and Middletown,
N. J. He died in 1851, in Charleston, S. C.
FOWLER, CHARLES HENRY, bishop,
was born Aug. 11, 1837, in Canada. In
1876 he was elected editor of the New
York Christian Advocate; and in 1884
was elected methodist episcopal bishop.
FOWLER, CHARLES NEWELL, law
yer, congressman, was born Nov. 2, 1852,
in Lena, 111. He is a successful lawyer
of Elizabeth, N. J.; and was elected to
the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses
as a republican.
FOWLER, EDWIN, educator, founder,
was born Dec. 15, 1847, in England. In
1876 he moved to New York city, where
he established a semi-military school,
which is especially associated with his
name and reputation as an educator. In
]878 he founded the Columbian institute
of New York city.
FOWLER, MRS. FANNIE H., poet, was
born Jan. 19, 1838, in Will county, 111.
She has edited for several years the wo
man's department of one of the leading
newspapers of Manistee, Mich. She has
written poems and articles for magazines
and papers, and has recently published
a volume of Society Poems.
FOWLER. FRANK, artist, was born
July 12, i852, in Brooklyn. N. Y. He
has attained a national reputation as a
successful artist; and has represented art
in well-timed and valuable articles pub
lished in periodicals and books.
FOWLER, GEORGE B1NGHAM. phy
sician, author, was born Oct. 23, 1847, in
Macon county, Ala. He was a professor
of physiology in the College of Physicians,
and Surgeons; established The Dietetic
Gazette; and for six years was associate
editor of The American Journal of Ob
stetrics. He is the author of Detection of
Sugar in Urine; Use and Value of Arti
ficially Digested Food; and other works.
FOWLER, GEORGE RYERSOX. sur
geon, author, was born Dec. 25, 1848, in
New York city. He has filled the high
est positions in medical colleges and hos
pitals of Brooklyn and New York city. He
is the author of a dozen medical works on
Diseases and Surgery.
FOWLER, HARRIET PUTNAM, au
thor, was born July 25, 1842, in Danvers-
port, Mass. She received her education at
tne schools of her
native town; and at
Bradford Female
seminary, where she
excelled in rhetoric
and composition. In
1879 she published a
work entitled Vege
tarianism, the Rad
ical Cure for Intem
perance. Then ap
peared from her pen
a novel entitled Our
Smoking Husbands
and What to Do With Them. She is now
collating a series of ancestral books of
genealogy and heraldry, which will form
a rich legacy to posterity. She is able to
trace her descent through sixteen gen
erations to Catherine Chaucer, sister of
Geoffrey Chaucer, the father of English
poetry. She has fine poetic talent and is
the author of a book of poems entitled
Puritan Bluebells.
FOWLER, HENRY, clergyman, author,
was born in 1824, in Stockbridge, Mass.
He was a presbyterian clergyman of Au
burn, N. Y., and the author of The Amer
ican Pulpit, a collection of sketches of
American preachers. He died Aug. 4,
1872, in Vineyard Haven, Mass.
FOWLER, INMAN H.. lawyer, state
senator, was born June 7, 1834. in Eaton,
Ohio. In 1876 he was elected to the In
diana state senate from the district com
posed of the counties of Owen and Clay,
serving in the regular and special ses
sions of 1877 and 1879.
FOWLER, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
was born in 1755. He was a soldier in the
war of the revolution; and attained the
rank of captain. He was a member of
congress from Kentucky from 1797 to
1807. He died Aug. 22, 1840, in Lexington,
Ky.
FOWLER, JOHN EDGAR, educator,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 8,
1866, in Sampson county, N. C. He
read law at the uni
versity of North
Carolina, and was
admitted to the bar
in 1894. He was
formerly a free sil
ver democrat, but
upon the nomination
of Mr. Cleveland in
1892, left the demo
cratic and allied
himself with the
populist party. He
was nominated for
the state house of representatives the
same year as a populist, but was defeated
by seven votes. He was nominated as a
populist for the state senate in 1894. and
was elected. He was elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a populist.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
377
FOWLER, JOSEPH SMITH, mathe
matician, lawyer, congressman, was born
Aug. 3], 1822, in Steubenville, Ohio. In
1865 he was elected a senator in congress
from Tennessee for six years, but was
not admitted to his seat until July, 1866.
FOWLER, LORENZO MILES, journal
ist, lecturer, author, was born June 23,
1811, in Cohocton, N. Y. He was one of
the founders of the firm of Fowler and
Wells, and the author of several phrenolo
gical works, the principal of which are
Marriage, its History and Ceremonies;
and Lectures on Man. He died in 1896.
FOWLER, MRS. LYDIA FOLGER,
physician, author, was born in 1823, in
Nantucket, Mass. She was the wife of
Lorenzo Niles Wells, and a practicing
physician for some years. She was the
author of Nora, the Lost and Redeemed;
The Pet of the Household and How to
Save It; Familiar Lessons on Phrenol
ogy and Physiology; and Familiar Les
sons on Astronomy. She died Jan. 26,
1879, in London, England.
FOWLER, MOSES, farmer, banker,
philanthropist, was born April 30, 1815,
in Circleville, Ohio. In 1874 the county
seat of Benton county was removed from
Oxford to Fowler, a town laid out by
Messrs. Fowler and Earl. To aid in the
cost of removal and to construct a court
house, Mr. Fowler donated forty thousand
dollars.
FOWLER, ORIN, clergyman, congress
man, author, was born July 29, 1791, in
Lebanon, Conn. For twenty years he
was a pastor at Fall River, which he rep
resented in both branches of the legis
lature for several years. He was a rep
resentative in congress from 1849 to the
time of his death. He published a trea
tise on Baptism in 1835, and Historical
Sketch of Fall River. He died Sept. 3,
1852, in Washington, D. C.
FOWLER, ORSON SQUIRE, publisher,
phrenologist, author, was born Oct. 11,
1809, in Cohocton, N. Y. He was a mem
ber of the New York publishing house of
Fowler and Wells in 1844-63. He was the
author of Memory and Intellectual Im
provement; Physiology, Animal and Men
tal; Matrimony; Self-Culture; Hereditary
Descent; Love and Parentage; Sexual
Science; Amativeness; Human Science;
Creative Science; and The Self-Instructor
in Phrenology. He died Aug. 18, 1887, in
Connecticut.
FOWLER, PHILEMON HALSTEAD,
clergyman, author, was born Feb. 9, 1814,
in Albany, N. Y. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Utica, and the author of
History of Presbyterianism in Central
New York; and The Presbyterian Ele
ment in Our National Life and History.
He died Dec. 19, 1879, in Utica, N. Y.
FOWLER, RALPH, farmer, legislator,
was born Oct. 8, 1808, in Trenton. N. Y.
He settled in 1836 on a farm in Handy,
Mich., and was the founder of the village
of Fowlerville. He was a justice for twen
ty-five years, and during 1845-51 was
a member of the Michigan legislature.
He died Sept. 26, 1887.
FOWLER, SAMUEL, physician, con
gressman, was born Oct. 30, 1779, in New-
burg, N. J. He was a distinguished mem
ber of tne medical profession; and was a
representative in congress from New Jer
sey from 1833 to 1837. He died Feb. 21,
1844, in Franklin, N. J.
FOWLER, SAMUEL, lawyer, congress
man, was born March 22, 1851, in Frank
lin, N. J. Since 1876 he has practiced law
in Newark and Newton, N. J. He was
elected to the fifty-first congress, and re-
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
FOWLER, SAMUEL PAGE, antiquar
ian, was born April 22, 1800, in Danvers,
Mass. He learned of his father the trade
of tanner, and from
early manhood to
1875 successfully
carried on that busi
ness in his native
town. He made a
study of our native
birds, and contrib
uted numerous inter
esting articles on
horticultural sub
jects; on The Culti
vation of Native
Trees and Shrubs;
Birds of New England; Destruction of In
sects Injurious to Vegetation; Ornitholo
gy; and other subjects. He was one of the
organizers of the Essex County Natural
History society; was its curator during
1846-48; and was curator of Essex insti
tute during 1848-56. He represented Dan
vers in the general court in 1837-39; and
was a member of the Massachusetts con
stitutional convention in 1853. He died
in 1895, in Danvers, Mass.
FOWLER, SMITH W., soldier, lawyer,
journalist, state legislator, was born
April 5, 1829, in New Berlin, N. Y. He
served with distinction through the civil
war in the sixth Michigan infantry. While
a member of the Michigan state legisla
ture he was the author of and secured the
passage of the Soldiers' Voting bill. Dur
ing 1867-65 he published the Manistee
Times, afterward known as the Standard.
He was three times the democratic can
didate for state senator; and was a col
onel on the governor's staff. He died Oct.
3, 1894.
FOWLER, SYLVESTER, journalist,
poet, was born March 2, 1853, in Williams
county, Ohio. He is the editor of the
County Times, of Louisville, Kas. ; and
the author of Sex and Other Poems.
FOWLER, THOMAS POWELL, lawyer,
railroad president, was born Oct. 26, 1851,
in Newburg, N. Y. Since 1886 he has
been president of the New York, Ontario
and Western railway.
FOWLER, WILLIAM CHAUNCEY,
clergyman, educator, author, was born
Sept. 1, 1793, in Killingworth, Conn. He
was a congregational clergyman and ed
ucator of New England. He is the author
of Memorials of the Chaunceys; The Sec
tional Controversy, or Passages in United
States Political History; History of Dur
ham, Connecticut; Local Law in Massa
chusetts and Connecticut; Essays; Eng
lish Grammar; and The English Lan
guage in Its Elements and Forms. He
died Jan. 15, 1881, in Durham, Conn.
FOWLER, WILLIAM WORTHINGTON, '
lawyer, journalist, author, was born June
24, 1833, in Middlebury, Vt. He was suc
cessively a lawyer, broker and journalist
of New York city, and the author of Ten
Years in Wall Street; Fighting Fire, the
Great Fires of History; Woman on the
American Frontier; and Twenty Years of
Inside Life in Wall Street. He died Sept.
18, 1881, in Durham, Conn.
FOWLES, JAMES H., clergyman, was
born in 1812, in Nassau, N. P. He preach
ed in South Carolina till 1845, when he
succeeded Stephen H. Tyng in Philadel
phia.
FOX, ANDREW FULLER, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
April 26, 1849, in Clay county, Miss. He
was elected state senator in 1891, which
position he resigned to accept the office
of United States attorney for the north
ern district of Mississippi, to which he
was appointed in 1893; resigned the lat
ter office in 1896, and was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
FOX, CHARLES JAMES, lawyer, leg
islator, author, was born Oct. 11, 1811,
in Antrim, N. H. In 1837 he was a mem
ber of the New Hampshire legislature;
was county solicitor in 1835-44; and in
1841-42 was one of the commission to re
vise the New Hampshire statutes. He
was the author of The New Hampshire
Book of Prose and Poetry; The History of
Dunstable; and The Town Officer.
FOX, CHARLES JAMES, physician, sur
geon, was born Dec. 21, 1854, in Weath-
ersfield, Conn. He received the diploma
with high honors from the New York
university medical college in 1876. He had
been previously fitted for Yale college,
and was a graduate from the Hartford
high school. He has been physician-in-
chief of the city hospital of Hartford,
Conn.; a member of the United States
examining board of Windham county;
and is now surgeon-general of the state
of Connecticut. He has been president
of the Windham County Medical society,
and is a member of the leading medical
associations of America. He is a thor
ough student in his professional and liter
ary works, and as a contributor to state,
national and international medical jour
nals, his writings have received marked
and widespread attention.
FOX, CHARLES KEMBLE, actor, was
born Aug. 15, 1833, in Boston, Mass. His
first appearance in New York was made
at the old National theater in 1853, as
Cute in Uncle Tom's Cabin. He died Jan.
17, 1875.
FOX, CHARLES NELSON, lawyer, jur
ist, was born March 9, 1829, in Detroit,
Mich. He began practice in San Fran
cisco. In 1889 he accepted an appoint
ment to fill a vacancy on the bench of tne
supreme court.
FOX, EBENEZER, author, was born in
1763, in East Roxbury, Mass. He was a
Bostonian, who was postmaster of his
city in 1830-36, and the author of The
Revolutionary Adventures of Ebenezer
Fox. He died in 1843, in East Roxbury,
Mass.
FOX, EDWARD, jurist, was born in
Maine. He was a resident of Portland,
and in 1866 was appointed United States
judge for the district of Maine. He died
Dec. 14, 1881.
FOX, ELIAS WILLIAMS, journalist,
legislator, was born Oct. 28, 1828, in Buf
falo, N. Y. He was the first president of
the St. Louis board of trade; in 1865 was
a member of the Missouri legislature; and
in 1885 he bought The National Republic
of Washington, D. C., which he edited with
eminent ability for several years.
FOX, FRANCIS, lawyer, lecturer, was
born June 28, 1858, in Porter, Maine. Dur
ing 1880-90 he served with distinction as
a member of the Maine legislature. He is
a successful lawyer of Kezar Falls, Maine,
and a brilliant lecturer.
FOX, FRANK, educator, clergyman,
was born Jan. 28, 1859, in Knox county,
Ohio. During 1890-91 he was principal of
public schools of Dodge, Neb.; and has
always taken a deep interest in education
al work. In 1895 he graduated from the
Chicago Theological seminary with the
degree of B. D.; and is now pastor of the
congregational church at Three Oaks,
Mich.
FOX, GEORGE, founder, was born in
July, 1624, in England. He was the foun
der of the Society of Friends, commonly
called Quakers. He died Nov. 13, 1690, in
London.
-,:TS
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FOX, GEORGE HENRY, physician,
•was born Oct. 8, 1846, in Ballston Spa, N.
Y. He has been unusually successful in
the adaptation of new photographic pro
cesses to the illustration of medical works,
and has published Photographic Illustra
tions of Skin Diseases; Photographic Il
lustrations of Cutaneous Syphilis; Illus
trated Medicine and Surgery; and Electro
lysis in the Removal of Superfluous Hair,
etc.
FOX, GEORGE L., actor, was born
July 3, 1825, in Boston, Mass. In 1867-68
he was stage manager of the Olympic, and
made an immediate success in the part
of the clown in the pantomime Humpty-
Dumpty. He died Oct. 24, 1877, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
FOX, GUSTAVUS VASA, manufacturer,
diplomat, was born June 13, 1821, in
Saugus, Mass. In an official capacity he
was sent to Russia to deliver in person
the resolutions of congress passed upon
the escape of the emperor from assassi
nation. He died Oct. 29, 1883, in New
York city.
FOX, JOHN, mechanic, congressman,
was born June 30, 1835, in New York. In
1866 he was elected a representative from
New York to the fortieth congress, and
re-elected to the forty-first congress
as a democrat.
FOX, MARY HEWINS, actress, was
born in 1842 in Hartford, Conn. She made
her first appearance on the stage at the
old museum in Troy, N. Y., and after
ward appeared at Laura Keene's Varie
ties in New York.
FOX, NORMAN, clergyman, author, was
born in 1836 in New York. He is a baptist
clergyman of New York and Missouri;
author of George Fox and the Early
Friends; Rise of the Use of Pouring and
Sprinkling for Baptism; A Layman's
Ministry; and Inspiration of the Apos
tles in Speaking and Writing.
FOX, OSCAR C., soldier, inventor, was
born Aug. 23, 1830, in Pitcher, N. Y. He
served in the civil war, and attained the
rank of major. He is an inventor in
calorifics, hydraulics, pneumatics, optics
and surgery, and is also an examiner in
the United States patent office.
FOX, ROBERT CLAYBROOK, educator,
was born Dec. 12, 1834, in Virginia. In
1881 he was chosen secretary and treas
urer of the Columbian university, and sec
retary and auditor of the Columbian In
stitution for the Deaf and Dumb, both
of which positions he now fills.
FOX, THOMAS BAILEY, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born in 1808 in
Boston, Mass. He was for three years the
editor of the Christian Register in Bos
ton, and for a much longer period an as
sistant editor and contributor to the
Christian Examiner. He was the author
of The Ministry of Jesus (Boston); The
Sunday-School Prayer-Book; Hints for
Sunday-School Teachers; Allegories and
Christian Lessons for Children; and The
Acts of the Apostles. He died in 1876
in Dorchester, Mass.
FOX, TIMOTHY J., lawyer, legislator,
was born Dec. 24, 1847, in Ireland. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the public schools of New Haven, Conn.,
and graduated from Yale university in
1869. He has attained success as a law
yer; and has been city attorney of New
Haven, Conn. In 1882 he served -as a
member of the Connecticut house of rep
resentatives; was a state senator during
1891-95; and served as chairman of the
judiciary committee.
FOXCROFT, GEORGE AUGUSTUS, hu
morist, was born in 1815 in Boston, Mass.
He wrote many articles for the daily press
on monetary topics, under the pen-name
of Job Sass. He may be regarded as the
originator of what has been called pho
netic humor. He died March 13, 1878.
FOXCROFT, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 26, 1697, in Cam
bridge, Mass. Inl717hebecamepastorof the
First Congregational church in Boston,
where he remained till his death. He
published thirty-two sermons, including
Observations, Historical and Practical, on
the Rise and Primitive State of New Eng
land, a Century Sermon. He died June 18,
1769, in Boston, Mass.
FOYE, JAMES CLARK, educator, au
thor, was born March 1, 1841, in Great
Falls, N. H. He is an educator who has
been professor of chemistry at Lawrence
university since 1867. He is the author of
Chemical Problems; Handbook of Min
eralogy; and Tables for Determination of
United States Minerals.
FRACKER, CORA ROBINS, musician,
composer, was born Aug. 11, 1849, in
Iowa City, Iowa. She has taught music
for a quarter of a century, principally the
guitar; and is the author of a number of
musical compositions for the guitar and
piano.
FRACKLETON, MRS. SUSAN STU
ART, artist, inventor, was born in 1851,
in Milwaukee, Wis. She has invented and
patented a portable gas-kiln for firing
artistic work; and is the author of Tried
by Fire, a successful text-book on China
Painting.
FRADENBURGH, J. N., educator, cler
gyman, author, was born March 4, 1843,
in Gouverneur, N. Y. He graduated from
Genesee Wesleyan
seminary and the
Genesee college; and
has received the de
grees of Ph. D., D. D.
and LL. D. He has
filled the chair of
mathematics in the
Genesee Wesleyan
seminary; for four
years taught ancient
languages at the State
Normal school at
Fredonia, N. Y. ; and
for two years was principal of the State
Normal school at Mansfield, Pa. He has
filled pastorates in the methodist episco
pal church at Cleveland, Ohio, and other
cities; and since 1896 has filled a pastor
ate in Clarion, Pa. For awhile he was
president of the Red River Valley univer
sity of North Dakota. He is the author
of numerous religious works, the most no
table of which are The Bible Illustrated
from the Monuments; Living Religions;
Old Heroes; Beauty Crowned; Departed
Gods; Light from Egypt; and Studies
Upon the Life and Times of Abraham.
FRANCE, LEWIS B., lawyer, author,
was born in the District of Columbia. He
is a lawyer and litterateur of Denver;
and the author of Over the Old Trail;
Pine Valley, a volume of short stories;
and Mountain Trails and Parks in Colo
rado.
FRANCHOT, RICHARD, civil engin
eer, railroad president, congressman, was
born in 1816 in Morris, N. Y. He was
president of the Albany and Susquehanna
Railroad company; and was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the thir
ty-seventh congress. He died Nov. 23,
1875, in Schenectady, N. Y.
FRANCIS, CHARLES EDWARD, den
tist, was born Jan. 24, 1828, in Hartford,
Conn. He was president and one of the
founders of the New York Odontological
society, and of the First District Den
tal society of New York. He also helped
to establish the New York College of
Dentistry.
FRANCIS, CONVERS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 9, 1795, in West
Cambridge, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Watertown, Mass., and sub
sequently Parkman professor of pulpit
eloquence at Harvard university in 1843-
63. He was the author of Life of John
Eliot; Historical Sketch of Watertown;
and Errors of Education. He died April
7, 1863, in Cambridge, Mass.
FRANCIS, DAVID ROWLAND, mer
chant, governor, was born Oct. 1, 1850, In
Richmond, Ky. In 1885 was elected mayor
of St. Louis and served until 1889, when
he was inaugurated governor of Missouri,
having been elected to that office the pre
ceding fall. He served as governor until
January, 1893, and then returned to St.
Louis, where he was engaged in commer
cial pursuits until appointed secretary of
the interior in 1896.
FRANCIS, HARRY H., journalist, state
senator, was born Feb. 24, 1852, in Mich
igan City, Ind. From 1886 to 1890 he was
a member of the Indiana state senate;
and was the founder and publisher of the
Michigan City Daily and Weekly Dispatch.
He was state bank examiner from 1890
until his death, which occurred Sept. 15,
1891.
FRANCIS, JAMES BICHENO, engineer,
author, was born May 18, 1815, in Eng
land. He was a noted hydraulic engin
eer of Lowell; and the author of Lowell
Hydraulic Experiments: and The Strength
of Cast Iron Columns. He died in 1892.
FRANCIS, JOHN BROWN, governor,
United States senator, was born May 31,
1794, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a mem
ber of the state legislature from 1821 to
1829; state senator in 1831; and govern
or from 1833 to 1838. He was state sen
ator in 1842; United States senator in 1844
and 1845, and state senator again from
1849 to 1856. He died Aug. 9, 1864, in
Rhode Island.
FRANCIS, JOHN FRANCIS, soldier,
lawyer1, was born Aug. 29, 1839. He was
commissioned colonel of the eighty-first
United States colored troops, served in the
department of the gulf, and was brevetted
brigadier-general of volunteers in 1865. He
died Aug. 31, 1871, in Bangor, Maine.
FRANCIS, JOHN MORGAN, journalist,
diplomat, was born March (J, 1823, in
Prattsburgh, N. Y. In 1851 he estab
lished the Daily Times at Troy. He was
appointed United States minister to
Greece in 1871; and was appointed United
States minister to Portugal in 1882.
FRANCIS, JOHN WAKEFIELD, physi
cian, author, was born Nov. 17, 1789, in
New York city. He was a physician of
much prominence at
one time in medical
and literary circles
of New York city. He
was the author of
Use of Mercury;
Cases of Morbid
Anatomy; Febrile
Contagion; The An
atomy of Drunken
ness; and Old New
York, a volume of
pleasant reminis
cences. He died Feb.
8, 1861, in New York city.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
379
FRANCIS, JOSEPH, inventor, was born
March 12, 1801, in Boston, Mass. To him
may be conceded the first use of iron
floating vessels. In 1850 two hundred
persons were saved by his life-car from
the British emigrant vessel Ayreshire,
•which was wrecked on Swan Beach.
FRANCIS, ORIN W., lawyer, business
man, legislator, was born Jan. 14, 1848,
in Lewis county, N. Y. He received a
thorough education and graduated from
the high school of Faribault, Minn. He is
a successful lawyer and real estate dealer
of Fargo, N. D. He served with distinc
tion as a member of the legislature of
North Dakota in 1896-97, and was chair
man of the judiciary committee. He was
president of the first board of trustees of
the North Dakota Agricultural college,
and has held several public positions of
honor. He received the second highest
number of votes in the republican legisla
tive caucus for United States senator in
January, 1897.
FRANCIS, SAMUEL WARD, physician,
author, was born Dec. 26, 1835, in New
"York city. He was a physician of New
York city and subsequently of Newport,
R. I. He was the author of Mott's Clin
ics; Water; Inside and Out; Biographi
cal Sketches of New York Surgeons and
Physicians; Life and Death; and Curious
Facts Concerning Man and Nature. He
died March 25, 1886, in Newport, R. I.
FRANCIS, TENCH, merchant, was born
in Fansley. Md. He became the first
cashier of the Bank of North America,
•which office he held until his death. He
died May 1, 1800, in Philadelphia, Pa.
FRANCIS, TENCH, lawyer. He set
tled in Philadelphia, was attorney-general
of Pennsylvania from 1741 to 1755, and
recorder of Philadelphia from 1750 to 1755.
He died Aug. 16, 1758, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
FRANCIS, TURBUTT, soldier, was born
in 1740. He was a lieutenant in the
British army, but during the revolution
ary war fought for independence, and
rose to the rank of colonel. He pur
chased one thousand acres of land in
Maryland. He died in 1797.
FRANCIS, VALENTINE MOTT, physi
cian, author, was born April 25, 1834, in
New York city. He was a physician of
Newport who has published Hospital Hy
giene.
FRANCIS, WILLIAM H., lawyer, state
senator, jurist, was born Aug. 29,- 1839,
in South Norwalk, Conn. He was corpor
ation counsel of Newark, N. J., in 1871-75;
and represented Essex county in the New
Jersey senate in 1879-81. In 1884 he was
appointed associate justice of the supreme
court of Dakota territory.
FRANCISCO, PETER, soldier, was
born in 1761. He served as a soldier in
the continental army. He saved the life
of Col. Mayo, and received a present from
that officer of one thousand acres of land
on Highland Creek, Ky. He died in 1832
in Richmond, Va.
FRANCKE, KUNO, educator, author,
was born in 1855 in Schleswig. He is a
professor in Harvard university; and the
author of Social Forces in German Liter
ature; and A Study in the History of
Civilization.
FRANK, AUGUSTUS, merchant, con
gressman, was born July 17, 1826, in War
saw, N. Y. He was elected a representa
tive from New York to the thirty-sixth
congress, and was re-elected to the thirty-
seventh and thirty-eighth congresses.
FRANK, GEORGE P., manufacturer,
was born June 11, 1852, in Granville, N.
Y. In 1875 with his brother he moved to
San Francisco, where he embarked in the
agricultural implement business, under
the firm name of Frank Brothers. In 1895
he was elected mayor of Portland, Ore.
FRANK, MELVIN PORTER, lawyer,
legislator, was born Dec. 26, 1841, in Gray,
Maine. He was twice a member of the
Maine house of representatives, and for
one term was speaker of the house.
FRANK, NATHAN, lawyer, congress
man, author, was born Feb. 23, 1852, in
Peoria, 111. He was elected to the fifty-
first congress as a republican.
FRANK, ROYAL T., soldier, was born
in Maine. He is the successor of Gen.
Merritt as commandant of Governor's Is
land.
FRANK, THOMAS, bishop coadjutor
of Tennessee, was born Sept. 17, 1856, in
Jackson, Miss. He was elected professor
of ecclesiastical history in the university
of the South in 1882, chaplain of the uni
versity in the following year, and vice-
chancellor in 1890.
FRANKLIN, B. J., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Mason county, Ky.
He served in the confederate army as a
captain; and in 1871 was elected circuit
attorney for the twenty-fourth circuit of
Missouri. In 1874 he was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the forty-
fourth congress; and was re-elected to the
forty-fifth congress as a democrat.
FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN, philosopher,
statesman, scientist, author, was born
Jan. 17, 1706, in Boston, Mass. After vari
ous vicissitudes,
whenseventeen years
of age he went to
Philadelphia, and be
came a printer. With
the help of Gov. Sir
William Keith, he
visited England,
where he remained
nearly two years. In
1732 he commenced
the publication of
Poor Richard's Al
manac, which he con
tinued until 1737; and after that estab
lished a newspaper. He held the various
offices of state printer, clerk of the gen
eral assembly, and postmaster of Phila
delphia. He was the father and patron
of the Philosophical society, and of the
Pennsylvania university and hospital. In
1741 he published the General Magazine.
In 1744 he was elected to the provincial
assembly, holding the office ten years; in
1758 concluded a treaty with the Indians
at Carlisle. He became postmaster-gen
eral of America. He was sent to England
as an advocate and agent for the province
on two occasions, remaining there eleven
years. On the breaking out of the revolu
tion he returned to America, and took
an active and important part in public
affairs; was a signer of the declaration of
independence; a delegate to the continen
tal congress in 1775 and 1776; and in
1778 was sent to France in a diplomatic
capacity, where he remained until 1785.
He was next elected governor of Pennsyl
vania and was a member of the convention
which framed the federal constitution,
and signed that instrument. He made im
portant disco\eries in electricity; wrote
and published much on a variety of
themes, and his Life, Writings and Cor
respondence, issued in ten volumes, are
an important feature in all the best li
braries of the country. He died April 17,
1790, in Philadelphia, Pa.
FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN, clergyman,
anther, was born in 1819 in Rhode Is
land. He is an episcopal clergyman
of Shrewsbury, N. J. ; and the author of
The Creed and Modern Thought; and The
Church and the Era.
FRANKLIN, EDWARD C., physician,
author, was born March 12, 1822, in
Flushing, N. Y. He has attained promi
nence as a successful physician and sur
geon of Michigan, and served during the
civil war as a surgeon of the Missouri
volunteers. He is the author of a work
entitled The Science and Art of Surgery.
FRANKLIN, JESSE, soldier, governor,
United States senator, was born March
24, 1760, in Orange county, Va. He rep
resented Virginia in congress from 1795
to 1797. and then returned to the legisla
ture. From 1799 to 1805, and from 1807
to 1813, he was a United States senator.
In 1820 he was elected governor of North
Carolina. He died in September, 1823, in
Surry county, N. C.
FRANKLIN, JOHN, soldier, legislator,
jurist, was born Sept. 26, 1749, in Canaan,
Conn. He was a captain during the revolu
tionary war; and subsequently was several
times a member of the Connecticut as
sembly. He died March 1, 1831, in Athens,
Pa.
FRANKLIN, JOHN H., lawyer, journal
ist, was born July 5, 1853, in Macomb, 111.
At the age of twenty-one he was admit
ted to the bar; and in 1876-77 was city
attorney of his native city. In 1879 he
moved to Junction City, Kas., and the
following year was elected state's attor
ney for Geary county. In 1882 he was
the republican nominee for state senator
from that district; and the same year es
tablished The Junction City Republican,
now one of the leading papers of Kansas.
In 1885 he became connected with The
Record, and subsequently with The Jour
nal, of Russell, Kas. He served for five
years as a regent of the State Normal
school; was city attorney of Russell in
1884, and the following year was mayor
of the city. In 1889 he was appointed
deputy auditor in the war department in
Washington, D. C., and is now auditor.
Since 1893 he has made Toluca his place
of residence.
FRANKLIN, JOHN P., farmer, educa
tor, clergyman, was born July 26, 1859,
in Clinton, La. He graduated from the
Gammon seminary of Atlanta, Ga. ; has
attained success as a school teacher and a
clergyman, and now fills a pastorate in
Lumberton, N. C.
FRANKLIN, JOHN R., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 6, 1820, in Wor
cester, Md. He served in the state legis
lature of Maryland in 1843, and also in
1849, when he was elected speaker. In
1851 he was chosen president of the board
of public works of the state; and was
a representative in congress from Mary
land from 1853 to 1855.
FRANKLIN, MESHACK, state senator,
congressman. He was a representative in
congress from North Carolina from 1807
to 1815. He served in the house of com
mons of that state in 1800; and in the
state senate in 1828 and 1829. He died
Dec. 18, 1839, in Surry county, N. C.
FRANKLIN, ROBERT STILLMAN,
state senator, was born Aug. 4, 1836, in
Newport, R. I. For many years he has
been secretary of the board of health
of his native city; president of the com
mon council, and for four terms was its
mayor. He served with distinction for
two years in the Rhode Island state sen
ate.
380
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FRANKLIN, ROSS B., journalist, poet,
was born Dec. 8, 1863, in Boston, Mass.
He has traveled extensively in Mexico
as a newspaper correspondent, and was a
special correspondent for New York
papers during the late Chilean war. He
is also a poet of acknowledged excellence.
FRANKLIN, SAMUEL RHOADS, naval
officer, was born Aug. 25, 1825, in York,
Pa. In 1841 he was appointed a mid
shipman; served in the Mexican war;
was a commander during the civil war;
and in 1880 was promoted to commodore.
In 1885 he became rear admiral; and a
few years later was placed on the retired
list.
FRANKLIN, THOMAS LEVERING,
clergyman, author, was born April 10,
1822, in Philadelphia, Pa. He is an epis
copal clergyman of western New York,
and more recently of Philadelphia. His
writings include an important work on
The Creed, and several tractates on Di
vorce.
FRANKLIN. WALTER M., railroad
president, was born April 26, 1852, in
Lancaster City, Pa. Since 1890 he has
been president of the Lancaster, Oxford
and Southern railroad.
FRANKLIN, WILLIAM, governor, was
born in 1729 in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
the last royal governor of New Jersey.
He published several political works. He
died Nov. 17, 1813, in England.
FRANKLIN, WILLIAM BUEL, soldier,
manufacturer, was born Feb. 27, 1823, in
York, Pa. He served through the Mexi
can and civil wars,
and was in the regu
lar service when he
resigned in 1866. He
was brevetted briga
dier-general and ma
jor-general for gal
lant services during
the war. For many
years he was presi
dent of the Colt
Arms company of
Hartford, Conn. He
was president of the
National Home for Disabled Soldiers in
1880-87.
FRANKLIN, WILLIAM M., lawyer, leg
islator, was born Feb. 13, 1820, in Mon
roe county, N. C. On his retirement from
the Indiana legisla
ture he was elected
prosecutor of the
seventh judicial cir
cuit. Two years later
he was elected judge
of the common pleas
court for the district
composed of the
counties of Greene.
Owen, Sullivan and
Clay, serving four
years. In 1860 he was
again elected to the
same position, and in 1870 elected circuit
judge of his district.
FRANKLIN, WILLIAM TEMPLE, au
thor. He accompanied his grandfather
to Paris, acting as his secretary. He pub
lished editions of Franklin's works. He
died May 25, 1823, in Paris, France.
FRANTZ, MRS. VIRGINIA, educator,
poet, was born in 1838 in Brandon, Miss.
For many years she has been engaged in
educational work; and is the author of a
volume entitled Ina Greenwood and Other
Poems.
FRASER, CHARLES, artist, was born
Aug. 20, 1782, in Charleston, S. C. He pro
duced many landscape and genre pictures.
In 1857 his works were exhibited in
Charleston. He died Oct. 5, 1860, in
Charleston, S. C.
FRASER, PHILIP, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Pennsylvania. He adopted the
profession of the law and settled at
Jacksonville, Fla.; and in 1862 was ap
pointed United States judge for the north
ern district of Florida.
FRASER, THOMAS BOONE, jurist,
state senator, was born Oct. 27, 1825, in
Sumter county, S. C. In 1878 he was
elected judge of the third judicial district
of South Carolina; in 1877 was elected
state senator.
FRAZAR, DOUGLAS, soldier, author,
was born in 1836 in Massachusetts. He
was a colonel in the federal army during
the civil war, brevetted brigadier-general
of volunteers at the close of the war, and
subsequently a citizen of Somerville,
Mass. He was the author of The Log
of the Maryland; Perseverance Island;
and Practical Boat-Sailing. He died in
1896.
FRAZEE, JOHN sculptor, was born
July 18, 1790, in Rahway, N. J. In 1834
he modeled several busts of eminent men
for the library of the Boston athenaeum,
among which were those of Daniel Web
ster, Prescott, Lowell, Story, Bowditch,
and T. H. Perkins. Subsequently he made
busts of John Marshall, Lafayette, De
Witt Clinton, John Jay, Gen. Jackson,
Bishop Hobart, Dr. Stearns, and Dr. Mil-
nor. He died Feb. 24, 1852, in Comp-
ton Mills, R. I.
FRAZER, JOHN FRIES, soldier, scien
tist, was born July 8, 1812, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He served as a soldier during
the revolutionary war. In 1836 he became
a state geologist; and subsequently was
professor of chemistry and natural philos
ophy in the Philadelphia high school and
other institutions. He died Oct. 12, 1872,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
FRAZER, PERSIFOR, geologist, author,
born July 24, 1844, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He is a distinguished geologist attached
to the state geological survey of Penn
sylvania, who has published Tables for the
Determination of Minerals; and The Geo
logy of Lancaster County.
FRAZIER, SAMUEL ROBINSON, edu
cator, clergyman, lecturer, was born Feb.
23, 1846, in St. Clairsville, Ohio. Before
graduation he enlisted three times in the
union army, and each time was sent back
as too young; and finally he went into the
service of the Christian commission, and
was with Sherman's ariny on the march
to Atlanta. He then became a success
ful clergyman, and filled pastorates in
Monroe, near Cincinnati; and six years
later became pastor of the Third United
Presbyterian church of Pittsburg. In 1879
he resigned and went to Japan. He there
became acting secretary and interpreter
in the American legation, and taught in
the Osaka school and Imperial university
at Tokio. In 1883 he became pastor of
the First United Presbyterian church of
Youngstown, Ohio, and is still its pas
tor. In 1896 he was a delegate to the pan-
presbyterian council, which met at Glas
gow, Scotland; and subsequently made his
second tour of the world.
FRAZIER, WILLIAM C., lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1776 in Lancaster, Pa. He
was appointed an associate justice of the
territory of Wisconsin. He died Oct. 18,
1838, in Milwaukee, Wis.
FREAR, WILLIAM HENRY, merchant,
was born March 29. 1841, in Troy, N. Y.
His store is the largest in Troy, N. Y.;
has fifty-five departments; and is known
by the attractive name of Frear's Troy
Cash Bazaar.
FREDERIC, HAROLD, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1856 in New York. He
is a novelist and journalist who has been
the London correspondent of the New
York Times since 1884. He is the author
of Marsena, and Other Stories; The Cop
perhead; The Lawton Girl; In the Valley;
Seth's Brother's Wife; The Damnation of
Theron Ware; and March Hares.
FREDERICK, BENJAMIN TODD, man
ufacturer, congressman, was born Oct. 5,
1835, in Fredericktown, Ohio. In 1882
he was elected a representative from
Iowa to the forty-eighth congress, but
only secured his seat on March 3, 1885,
after a contest; and was re-elected to
the forty-ninth congress as a democrat.
FREDERICK, GEORGE A., architect,
was born Dec. 16, 1842, in Baltimore, Md.,
in which city he was educated. For many
years he has been a fellow and a director
in the American Institute of Architects.
For over thirty years he has been actively
and successfully engaged in his profession
in the city of Baltimore. He was archi
tect of the new city hall, which cost two
and a half millions, and is said to be the
best municipal structure in America. He
was architect of the state house of Mary
land, and the Maryland state house of cor
rection; the Baltimore City college; St.
James Roman catholic church; St. Pius'
Roman catholic church; St. Joseph hos
pital; United States Marine hospital;
First National bank of Baltimore; and a
score of other public buildings of Balti
more.
FREDET, PETER, clergyman, author,
was born in 1801 in France. He was a
Roman catholic priest who came from
France to America in 1831, and was pro
fessor in St. Mary's seminary at Balti
more from that date until his death. He
is the author of Ancient History; Modern
History; Original Texts and Translations
of the Bible; Treatise on the Eucharistic
Mystery; Lay Baptism; Inspiration and
Canon of Scripture; Interpretation of
Scripture; Doctrine of Exclusive Salva
tion; Necessity of Baptism; and Effect of
Baptism. He died in 1856 in Ellicott's
Mills, Md.
FREEDLEY, EDWIN TROXELL, jour
nalist, author, was born July 28, 1827, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1845 he studied law
at Harvard college; then moved to Cin
cinnati; and in 1851 settled in Philadel
phia. For ten years he published The
Manufacturers' Gazette. He is the author
of Practical Treatise on Business; The
Business Man's Legal Adviser; Leading
Pursuits and Leading Men; Philadelphia
and Its Manufactures; Opportunities for
Industry; Common Sense in Business;
Home Comforts; and other works.
FREEDLEY, JOHN, lawyer, business
man, congressman, was born May 22, 1793,
in Norristown, Pa. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1847 to 1851. He died Dec. 8, 1851.
FREEMAN, ALICE ELVIRA, educator,
college president, was born Feb. 21, 1855,
in Colesville, N. Y. She was one of the
pioneers when the university of Michigan
opened its doors to women. In 1882 she
became president of Wellesley college.
FREEMAN, BARNARDUS, clergyman,
author, was born in 1660. He was a Dutch
reformed clergyman of Long Island who
came to America in 1700 and was especial
ly noted for his influence over the In
dians. He was the author of De Spizel der
Self Kennis (Mirror of Self-Knowledge) ;
and De Weegshale der Gerade Gods (Bal
ance of God's Grace). He died January,.
1743, in New Utrecht, L. I.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
381
FREEMAN. CHAPMAN, naval officer,
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct. 8,
1832, in Philadelphia, Pa. He entered the
navy as assistant paymaster in 1863. He
was elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the forty-fourth congress; re
flected to the forty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
FREEMAN, CHESTER HAYDEN, edu
cator, lawyer, jurist, was born Feb. 28, 1822,
in Williamstown, N. Y. He has been very
prominent in educational affairs; has
been county superintendent of schools in
New York and Michigan. He has attained
success as a lawyer of Bay City, Mich.,
where he has been justice of the peace
and prosecuting attorney of his county.
FREEMAN, DANIEL, capitalist, phi
lanthropist, was born June 30, 1837, in
Canada. He is now the owner of the
Freeman block in Los Angeles, and is con
nected with the Continuous Brick Kiln
company. During 1892-95 he was presi
dent of the local chamber of commerce.
FREEMAN, DOSSIE C., poet, was born
Feb. 24, 1872, in Bainbridge, Ohio. He
is the author of a number of meritorious
poems.
FREEMAN, FLORENCE, sculptor, was
born in 1836 in Boston, Mass. In 1862
she opened a studio in Rome, where she
has spent her professional life. She has
executed several bas-reliefs of Dante; a
bust of Sandalphon; The Sleeping Child;
Thekla, or the Tangled Skein; and several
chimney-pieces, one of which, Children
and the Yule Log and Fireside Spirits,
was at the centennial exhibition in Phila
delphia, in 1876.
FREEMAN, FORTUNATUS, sea-cap
tain, was born in England. He came to
the United States at an early age, first
commanded vessels sailing from Balti
more, and was subsequently commander
of the ships Sea, Marmion, Resolute, Guy
Mannering, and Silas Wright, all of New
York. He died July 22, 1874, in New
York city.
FREEMAN, FREDERICK, clergyman,
educator, author, was born in 1800 in
Sandwich, Mass. He was an episcopal
clergyman and educator who was a pres-
byterian minister in the earlier portion of
his career. He was the author of History
of Cape Cod; Annals of Barnstable Coun
ty; Freeman Genealogy; and Civiliza
tion and Barbarism illustrated by Espe
cial Reference to Metacomet and the Ex
tinction of his Race. He died in 1883 in
Sandwich, Mass.
FREEMAN, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
protestant episcopal bishop, was born
June 13, 1789, in Sandwich, Mass. He was
elected missionary bishop of Arkansas
and the Indian Territory, and was conse
crated in St. Peter's church, Philadelphia,
in 1844. He died April 29, 1858, in Little
Rock, Ark.
FREEMAN, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born April 22, 1759, in Charlestown,
Mass. He was the first clergyman in the
United States to bear the name Unitarian.
His Sermons and Charges were published
in 1832. He died Nov. 14, 1835, in New
ton, Mass.
FREEMAN, JAMES C., planter, con
gressman, was born April 1, 1820, in
Jones county, Ga. He was elected to the
forty-third congress, serving on the com
mittee on land claims.
FREEMAN, JAMES MIDWINTER,
clergyman, author, was born in 1827 in
New York. He is a methodist clergyman
of New York city who published many
books for children under the pseudonym
Robert Ranger. Other works of his in
clude Illustration in Sunday-School
Teaching; Handbook of Bible Manners
and Customs; Short History of the Eng
lish Bible; and Book of Books.
FREEMAN, JOHN D., congressman,
was born in New Jersey. He removed to
Mississippi; and was elected a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1851 to 1853.
FREEMAN, JONATHAN, congressman,
was born in 1745. He was a representa
tive in congress from New Hampshire
from 1797 to 1801 ; and from 1789 to 1797
was a state councilor. He died in 1808.
FREEMAN, NATHANIEL, soldier, phy
sician, congressman, was born April,
1741, in Dennis, Mass. He performed vari
ous services in the legislature and as a
brigadier-general of militia. He was also
a judge of probate for forty-seven years,
and a judge of the common pleas for
thirty years. He was a member of con
gress from Massachusetts from 1795 to
1799. He died Sept. 20, 1827, in Sandwich,
Mass.
FREEMAN, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born June 15, 1743, in Port
land, Maine. He was a member of the
provincial congress in 1775; of the Massa
chusetts house of representatives in 1776
and 1778; and in 1775, on the reorgani
zation of the courts, was appointed clerk,
and held that office forty-five years. He
was register of probate until commis
sioned judge in 1804, continuing until
1820; was postmaster of Portland from
1776 to 1805; and an efficient friend of
Bowdoin college. He published The Town
Officer; The Massachusetts Justice; and
Probate Directory. He edited the Journal
of Rev. Thomas Smith in 1821. He died
Sept. 2, 1831, in Portland, Maine.
FREEMAN, WILLIAM, farmer, manu
facturer, lawyer, was born Nov. 17, 1822.
in Portland, Maine. During 1861-68 he
was deputy collector
for the port of Cher-
ryfield, Maine; and
was also inspector
for measuring ves
sels. During 1880-
85 he was a member
of the Maine legisla
ture. He has held
various offices of
trust in his town,
county and state;
and since 1891 has
been a member of
the Farmers' National congress, under ap
pointments and commissions from the
governors of Maine; and is the vice-presi
dent of that body for the state of Maine;
and for two years was its treasurer. He
has been a successful lawyer, manufac
turer of lumber, and is now interested
in agricultural pursuits. While deputy col
lector of customs he seized a blockade
runner in the employ of the confederacy.
He is the author of a work on the life
and services of his grandfather, Samuel
Freeman.
FREEMAN, WILLIAM GRIGSBY, sol
dier, was born in 1815 in Virginia. He
was chief of staff to Gen. Scott, com
manding the army headquarters at New
York. He was brevetted major in 1847,
and lieutenant-colonel in 1848. He died
Nov. 12, 1866, in Cornwall, Pa.
FREEMAN, WILLIAM L., physician,
surgeon, legislator, was born Sept. 3, 1856,
in Page county, Iowa. He has attained
eminence in his profession in the state
of Washington at La Center; and in 1897-
98 served with distinction as a member
of the state legislature.
FREER, CHARLES H., elocutionist, po
et, was born Jan. 14, 1849, in Washington
county, Wis. He is a painter and decor
ator of Blue Earth,
Minn. Most of his
writings are of an
elocutionary style,
composed purposely
for recitations and
character speaking.
His poems have re
ceived exte n s i v e
publication in the
periodical press. In
1892 appeared a vol
ume of his poems
from the press of the
American Publishers' association, entitled
The Missionary, which has received high
praise from the press and public general
ly. Charles H. Freer is often called the
poet-soldier, and is a universal favorite
of the old veterans down in Blue Earth
county. Minn. He is a fine elocutionist
and recites some of his poems at pub
lic entertainments.
FREER, FREDERICK W., artist, was
born June 16, 1849, in Chicago, 111. He
studied at the Royal Academy of Fine
Arts of Munich, and has become distin
guished as a genre and portrait painter.
FRELIGH, LOUIS HENRY, composer,
was born July 1, 1838, in Mechanicsville,
N. Y. He is the author of about fifty
piano pieces and songs; and is a success
ful pianist of St. Louis, Mo.
FRELINGHUYSEN, FREDERICK, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born April
13, 1753, in New Jersey. He was captain
of a volunteer corps of artillery at the
battles of Trenton and Monmouth, and it
is said that it was he who killed Rhalle,
the Hessian commander at Trenton. He
was a senator in congress from 1793 to
1796. He died April 13, 1804.
FRELINGHUYSEN, FREDERICK THE
ODORE, lawyer, United States senator,
was born Aug. 4, 1817, in Millstown, N. J.
He was appointed attorney general of New
Jersey in 1861, and reappointedin 1866. He
was subsequently appointed a senator in
congress from New Jersey to fill a va
cancy; and was re-elected to the senate
for the term ending in 1875. He was
again re-elected to the senate for the un-
expired term ending in 18.77; and in 1881
was appointed secretary of state in the
cabinet of President Arthur. He died
May 20, 1885, in Newark, N. J.
FRELINGHUYSEN, JOHN, was born in
1727 in Three Mile Run, N. J. He under
took the education of young men for the
ministry, and to his labors in this direc
tion Queen's college, now Rutgers, is
largely indebted for its establishment. He
died in September, 1754, in Long Island.
FRELINGHUYSEN, JOHN, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born March 21.
1776, near Millstone, N. J. For many years
he was a member of the state council,
and for fifteen years was surrogate of his
county. During the war of 1812 he was
promoted brigadier-general. He died April
10, 1833, in Millstone, N. J.
FRELINGHUYSEN, THEODORE, law
yer, United States senator, was born
March 28, 1787, in Millstown, N. J. He
was attorney general of New Jersey from
1818 to 1829; a presidential elector in
1829; and a senator in congress from New
Jersey from 1829 to 1835. He was chan
cellor of the university of New York from
1839 to 1850. He was the candidate of
the Whig party for vice-president upon
the ticket with Henry Clay; and in 1850
was elected president of Rutgers college,
where he officiated until his death. He
died April 12, 1862, in New Brunswick.
382
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FREMONT, MRS. JESSIE BENTON,
author, was born in 1824 in Virginia. She
is a resident of Los Angeles; and the au
thor of The Story of the Guard, a Chron
icle of the War; A Year of American
Travel; Souvenirs of My Time; Sketch of
Senator Benton; Far West Sketches; and
Will and the Way Stories.
FREMONT, JOHN CHARLES, soldier,
author, was born Jan. 21, 1813, in Sa
vannah, Ga. He was a famous soldier and
politician who in 1856 was the first re
publican candidate for the presidency, and
served during the civil war as a major-
general in the federal army. He was the
author of Report of the Exploring Expe
dition to the Rocky Mountains in 1842,
and to Oregon and Northern California in
1843-44; Fremont's Explorations; and
Memoirs of My Life. He died in 1890.
FRENCH, A. C., lawyer, governor, was
born in New Hampshire. He was for sev
eral years the president of the board of
trustees of McEndree college, 111., and
professor of law in that institution. He
was governor of Illinois from 1846 to 1853.
He died Sept. 4, 1864, in Lebanon, III.
FRENCH, ALICE, author, was born
March 19, 1850, in Andover, Mass. She is
a writer of novels and short stories
whose home has been in Davenport, Iowa,
and also in Arkansas. She is the author
of Knitters in the Sun; Otto the Knight,
and other Trans-Mississippi Stories;
Stories of a Western Town; An Adven
ture in Photography; and Expiation.
FRENCH, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, au
thor, was born June 8, 1799, in Richmond,
Va. He was a writer of New Orleans and
subsequently of New York city; and the
author of Biographia Americana; Me
moirs of Eminent Female Writers; His
torical Collections of Louisiana; His
tory of the Iron Trade in the United
States; and Historical Annals of North
America. He died May 30, 1877, in New
York city.
FRENCH, C. E. G., lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to California, and
in 1875 was appointed from that state as
chief justice for the United States court
for the territory of Utah.
FRENCH, CARLOS, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 6, 1835, in Sey
mour, Conn. In 1859 he undertook the
manufacture of car springs in Seymour,
Conn., and has gradually acquired an in
terest in a variety of other profitable
manufactures in that vicinity and the
state. He was a member of the Connecti
cut house of representatives in 1860 and
1868; and was elected to the fiftieth con
gress as a democrat.
FRENCH, CHARLES GRAFTON WIL-
BERTON, lawyer, jurist, state legislator,
was born Aug. 22, 1820, in Berkeley,
Mass. He was for many years trustee of
the state library of Sacramento, Cal.;was
a representative in the state legislature
in 1872; and in 1875 was appointed chief
justice of the supreme court of Arizona,
and was reappointed in 1880.
FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER, sculp
tor, was born April 20, 1850, in Exeter,
N. H. His sculptures include The Minute
Man of Concord, an heroic statue in
bronze, which was unveiled in Concord
in 1875; The May Queen; Elsie Venner;
The Waking of Endymion; and a life-
size statue of Gen. Lewis Cass, for the
National Memorial gallery at Washing
ton.
FRENCH, EDWIN RUTHVEN, clergy
man, state senator, was born Dec. 13,
1828, in Chesterville, Maine. He has
served two terms as a member of the
Maine state senate.
FRENCH, EZRA B., congressman, was
born in New Hampshire. He became sec
retary of state of Maine; and was a rep
resentative from Maine to the thirty-sixth
congress. He was also a member of the
peace congress of 1861; and was appoint
ed second auditor of the United States
treasury. He died April 24, 1880.
FRENCH, FRANCIS ORMOND, ban
ker, was born Sept. 12, 1837, in Chester,
N. H. In 1867 he was a member of the
banking firm of Foote and French; and
in 1888 became president of the Man
hattan Trust company of New York city.
FRENCH, GEORGE BRADFORD, man
ufacturer, lawyer, jurist, was born July
28, 1853, in Randolph, Mass. His father,
Calvin French, was for more than forty
years a leading manufacturer of shoes and
prominent in local affairs. His education
was acquired in the public schools of his
town, the Chautauqua course at the Boston
University Law school, and in the office
of Judge Charles J. Mclntire. From 1873
to 1880 Mr. French was associated with
his father in manufacturing, but since 1885
has practiced law; and since 1887 haa
been connected with the law department
of the city of Cambridge. In local affairs
he has gained prominence, having served
several years as one of the trustees of the
public library, as collector of taxes, and
as special justice. He was one of the or
ganizers in 1891 of the Commercial club,
and has ever since acted as its secretary,
and holds that position in several other
societies. Jn politics he is a republican,
and in 1882, 1883 and 1884 was the chair
man of the town committee.
FRENCH, GEORGE H., merchant, state
senator, was born Jan. 18, 1820, in Junius,
N. Y. For awhile he was engaged in edu
cational work; and
in 1848 became a
merchant at Homer,
Mich. He has filled
numerous local of
fices, and has taken
a prominent part in
the public affairs of
his city, county and
state. During 1861-
64 he served with
distinctionasa mem
ber of the Michigan
state senate from Cal-
houn county; and while in the senate he
introduced the first resolution to free the
slaves as a war measure. He also intro
duced the resolution which resulted in the
roll of honor, a lasting record of the sol
diers who died for the union.
FRENCH, GEORGE HAZEN, educator,
author, was born March 19, 1841, in Onon-
daga county, N. Y. Since 1878 he has
been curator of the museum of the south
ern Illinois State Normal university of
Carbondale, 111. He is the author of But
terflies of Eastern United States, besides
a great many articles contributed to lead
ing entomological journals.
FRENCH, HENRY FLAGG, banker,
lawyer, jurist, college president, author,
was born Aug. 14, 1813, in Chester, N. H.
He was appointed assistant district
attorney for Suffolk county in 1862,
and held the office until 1865, when he
was elected the first president of the
Massachusetts Agricultural college. In
1876 he was appointed assistant secretary
of the United States treasury, at Wash
ington, and continued in that office under
successive administrations. In 1857 he
published a treatise on Farm Drainage.
FRENCH, HENRY WILLARD, lectur
er, author, was born in 1853 in Connecti
cut. He is a lecturer and miscellaneous
writer of Boston; and the author of Art
and Artists in Connecticut; Our Boys ia
China; Our Boys in India; Through Arc
tics and Tropics; Gems of Genius; Nuna.
the Brahmin Girl; Lance of Kehama; Os
car Peterson; Colonel Thorndike's Adven
tures; and the novels, The Only One; Cas
tle Foam; and Ego.
FRENCH, JOHN R., journalist, public
official, congressman, was born May 28,
1819, in Gilmanton, N. H. He removed to>
Ohio in 1854, and there edited newspa
pers called the Telegraph, the Press, and
the Cleveland Leader. He was elected to
the Ohio legislature in 1858 and 1859; and
in 1861 was appointed a government clerk
in Washington. In 1864 he was a tax
commissioner for North Carolina. He was
a delegate to the state constitutional con
vention of 1867; and was elected a repre
sentative from North Carolina to the
fortieth congress as a republican.
FRENCH, JOHN RAYMOND, educator,
was born April 21, 1825, in Pulaski, N. Y.
In 1849 he graduated from Union college;
and subsequently at-
I^Him^^K tained success in ed
ucational work. In
1859 he was admitted
to the bar, and be
gan the practice of
his profession in
Mexico, N. Y. In 1864
he was called to the
chair of mathematics
in Genesee college of
Lima, N. Y., which
was subsequently
merged into the Sy
racuse university; and since 1872 until
his death he was dean of its College of
Liberal Arts.
FRENCH, JOHN WILLIAM, educator,
clergyman, author, was born in 1810 in
Connecticut. He was an episcopal cler
gyman of Washington in 1842-56, and
from the latter date till his death profes
sor of ethics at West Point. He was the
author of a work on Practical Ethics. He
died July 8, 1871, in West Point, N. Y.
FRENCH, MRS. L. VIRGINIA [SMITH],
educator, author, was born in 1830 in Vir
ginia. She is a writer and educator of
Memphis; and the author of Wind Whis
pers, a collection of poems; Legend of
the South; Iztalixo, a Tragedy; and My
Roses, the Romance of a June Day. She
died March 31, 1881, in McMinnville, Tenn.
FRENCH, MANSFIELD, clergyman,
educator, college president, journalist,
was born Feb. 21, 1810, in Manchester, Vt.
He was the founder of Marietta college,
Granville Female seminary, and princi
pal of Circleville Female college, Ohio.
He was president of the Xenia Female
college and agent for Wesleyan univer
sity. He died March 15, 1876, in Pear-
sails, L. I.
FRENCH, RICHARD, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in Kentucky. He
became a prominent judge in that state,
and the town of Frenchburg was named for
him. He was a member of the legislature
from Clark county in 1820 and 1822; a
presidential elector for Jackson in 1829;
and was a representative in congress from
1835 to 1837; and again from 1847 to 1849.
FRENCH, SAMUEL GIBBS, soldier,
planter, was born Nov. 22, 1818, in Glou
cester county, N. J. In 1843 he gradu
ated from the United States Military acad
emy. He was a lieutenant in the third
regiment of the United States artillery
in the war with Mexico; became a cap
tain in the general staff in 1848; resigned
in 1856; and then became a planter near
Greenville, Miss. He was a major-general
in the confederate army during the civil
war; and served gallantly in thirty-five
battles. He now lives in Pensacola, Fla.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
383
FRENCH, SEWARD, lawyer, was born
Feb. 28, 1856, in East Bloomfield, N. Y.
He was educated in the common schools
and prepared for
Hamilton college at
the Canandaigua
[ academy. He became
master in the public
schools; was deputy
sheriff, and obtained
prominence as a de-
H teeth e. As a lawyer
he soon attained suc
cess, especially in
criminal cases, i n
which he has gained
a national reputa
tion. He is one of the foremost lawyers
of North Dakota at Milnor. He has suc
cessfully defended three homicide cases;
and always shows tact and tenacity in his
profession.
FRENCH, THOMAS N., journalist, law
yer, jurist, was born Aug. 14, 1837, in
Randolph, Mass. In 1884 he founded The
Commercial Advertiser and Gazette of La-
Fayette, Ind., of which he was editor and
owner; and in 1886 became the editor and
owner of The Times of Alexandria, Ind.
He is a successful lawyer of Alexandria;
and in 1894 was elected justice of the
peace.
FRENCH, WILLIAM A., lumber mer
chant, manufacturer, legislator, was born
March 2, 1849, in Pelham, Ontario, Cana
da. During 1882-83 he served with dis
tinction as a member of the Michigan
state legislature. He has attained success
as a lumber merchant and manufacturer
at Dundee, Mich. In 1894 he was ap
pointed state land commissioner by Gov
ernor John T. Rich; and has since been
nominated and elected twice to the same
position, his last term expiring on Jan. 1,
1899.
FRENCH, WILLIAM HENRY, soldier,
author, was born Jan. 13, 1815, in Balti
more, Md. He was an officer who served
in the army of the United States during
the Mexican, Seminole, and civil wars.
His only published work is a manual of
Instruction for Field Artillery. He died
March 20, 1881, in Baltimore, Md.
FRENEAU, PHILIP, journalist, author,
poet, was born Jan. 2, 1752, in New York
city. He was the author of Poems of
Philip Freneau, written chiefly during
the Late War (1786) ; Poems Written be
tween the Years 1768 and 1794; Poems
Written and Published during the Ameri
can Revolution; and Collection of Poems
on American Affairs. Among his prose
writings are, The Philosopher of the For
est; and Essays by Robert Slender. He
died Dec. 18, 1832, near Freehold, N. J.
FREW, CALVIN HAMILL, lawyer, leg
islator, was born Nov. 30, 1836, in Cleve
land, Ohio. He received his education in
the common schools
and the Beaver acad
emy; and attended
the Vermillion insti
tute of Haysville,
Ohio, for one year.
He entered educa
tional work and was
principal of several
schools in Illinois;
and attained success
in educational work.
He served as a repre
sentative in the
twenty-sixth, twenty-seventh, and thirty-
first general assemblies of Illinois with
distinction. In 1873-74 he was alderman
of Paxton, 111.; and in 1896 was again
elected to the same office, with the largest
majority ever attained before.
FREY, ALBERT ROMER, author, was
born in 1858, in New York. He is a
writer of New York city upon Shakes-
perean and dramatic topics, who has also
published a work upon Sobriquets and
Nicknames.
FREY, JOSEPH, congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1827
to 1831.
FREY, JOSEPH SAMUEL CHRISTIAN
FREDERICK, missionary, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1773, in Germany. He
was for some ten years a presbyterian
minister and subsequently a baptist
preacher, especially active as a missionary
to the Jews. He was the author of Nar
rative of My Life; Hebrew Bible; He
brew Grammar; Judah and Israel; Joseph
and Benjamin; The Passover; and Scrip
ture Types. He died June 5, 1850, in Pon-
tiac, Mich.
FRICK, CHARLES, physician, author,
was born Aug. 8, 1823, in Baltimore, Md.
In 1847 he organized the Maryland Medi
cal institute; and subsequently filled
chairs in various medical institutions. He
was the author of a volume on Renal Dis
eases. He died March 25, I860, in Balti
more, Md.
FRICK, HENRY, journalist, congress
man, was born in 1795, in Northumber
land county, Pa. He became an editor of
a newspaper at Milton; served for three
sessions in the state legislature; and was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania. He died March 1, 1844, in Wash
ington, D. C.
FRICK, JOHN HENRY, soldier, educa
tor, legislator, author, was born March 13,
1845, in Clay county, Mo. He served as a
soldier in the civil war; and from 1871
to the present time has been professor of
mathematics and natural science.
FRIEDLEY, GEORGE W., soldier, law
yer, state senator, was born Jan. 1, 1840,
in Harrison county, Ind. He entered the
army as a private in company K, fourth
Iowa infantry; and he was immediately
elected first lieutenant. In 1870 he was
elected to the lower house of the legis
lature. He served through a term of four
years as senator.
FRIES, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was elected a
representative in congress from Ohio from
1845 to 1847, and for a second term ending
in 1849. He died Nov. 13, 1866.
FRIEZE, HENRY SIMMONS, educator,
author, was born Sept. 15, 1817, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a professor of Latin
in the university of Michigan from 1854
until his death. He published editions of
Quintilian and Virgil's ^Eneid, and was
the author of The Story of Giovanni Du-
pre. He died Sept. 7, 1889, in Ann Arbor,
Mich.
FRINK, JOHN, physician, justice, was
born Sept. 7, 1731, in Rutland, Mass. He
was a member of the convention that
framed the constitution' of Massachusetts,
and the first president of the Worcester
County Medical society. He died in 1807,
in Rutland, Mass.
FRISBIE, LEVI, clergyman, author,
was born July 6, 1748, in Branford, Conn.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Ipswich, Mass., who published Sermons
and Orations. He died in 1806, in Ips
wich, Mass.
FRISBIE, LEVI, educator, author, was
born Sept. 15, 1783, in Ipswich, Mass. He
was a tutor and professor at Harvard col
lege from 1805 till his death; and the
author of Miscellaneous Writings of Pro
fessor Frisbie, edited with Memoir by An
drews Norton. He died in 1822.
FRISBY, EDGAR, educator, astrono--
mer, author, was born May 22, 1837, in
England. He was sent to California by
the United States government to observe
the total solar eclipse on Jan. 11, 1880.
His principal work is the computation of
the orbit of the great comet of 1882.
FRISTOE, EDWARD T., soldier, educa
tor, was born Dec. 16, 1830, in Rappahan-
nock county, Va. In 1860 he was called
to the professorship of mathematics and
astronomy in the state university of Mis
souri. Two years later he entered the
confederate army as assistant adjutant-
general, and was constantly promoted.
FRITSCHEL, CONRAD SIGMUND, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Dec. 2,
1833, in Bavaria. He has published Iowa
and Missouri, a controversial pamphlet,
and a number of essays, sermons, etc.
With his brother, he has edited, since
1876, Kirchliche Zeitschrift, a theological
bimonthly magazine,
FRITSCHEL, GOTTFRIED LEON-
HARD WILHELM, educator, clergyman,
author, was born Dec. 19, 1836, in Bavaria.
He is a lutheran clergyman who came
from Germany to the United States in
1857, and has been professor of theology
in the seminary at Mendota, 111., since
that time. He has published Meditations
on the Passion of Christ; and History of
Protestant Missions among North Ameri
can Indians in the Seventeenth and
Eighteenth Centuries.
FRITTER, ENOCH ABRAM, educator,
lecturer, was born May 25, 1855, near
Lancaster, Ohio. In 1869 he moved to
Illinois; and in 1872
began his career as
a teacher. In 1884
! he entered the Illi
nois State Normal
university, from
which institution he
graduated in 1889;
and in 1892 received
the degree of A. B.
from Findlay col
lege of Ohio. He
was superintendent
of city schools in
Assumption, Warren and Monticello, 111.;
principal of the normal department of
Findlay college; and is now superinten
dent of city schools of Normal, 111. As
an instructor in teachers' institutes he has
been eminently successful; and has lec
tured extensively on educational subjects.
FROEHLICH, WILLIAM H., merchant,
legislator, was born June 22, 1857, in Jack
son, Wis., his present home. He received
his education in the
public, private and
parochial schools of
his native town, and
graduated from the
Spencerian Business
college of Milwau
kee, Wis. For sev
eral years he was
employed in Milwau
kee, and since 1880
has been a dealer in
general merchandise
and grain in his na
tive city. He was postmaster during
1881-93; has been a justice of the peace
since 1887; and a member of the school
board since 1891. Since 1893 he has been
town clerk; was elected a member of the
assembly of the Wisconsin state legisla
ture in 1894, and received the re-election
in 1896. During his second term he was
chairman of the dairy and food commit
tee, and was very active in passing im
portant dairy and pure food laws.
384
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FROELICH, SOLOMON, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 29, 1750, in Red Hook,
N. Y. He was the author of The Trial
of Universal Charity by a Jury; and other
religious works. He died Oct. 8, 1827, in
New Jersey.
FROMENTIN, ELIGIUS, lawyer, ju
rist, United States senator. He was a
senator of the United States from Louis
iana from 1813 to 1819; and in 1821 was
judge of the criminal court of New Or
leans, and was appointed judge of the
western district of Florida. He died Oct.
6, 1822, in New Orleans, La.
FRONABARGER, BENJAMIN
FRANKLIN, educator, clergyman, college
president, was born March 10, 1860, in
Butler county, Ala. He received his edu
cation at the Masonic Male and Female
institute, and at the Eagleville college,
Tennessee. He has attained success as
a baptist clergyman, and has filled pas
torates in four churches. Since 1885 he
has been president of the Springtown
Male and Female institute1, Texas, and
still fills that position.
FROST, CHARLES CHRISTOPHER,
botanist, author, was born in 1806, in
Brattleboro, Vt. He devoted his leisure
hours to astronomy, geology, mineralogy,
meteorology, and botany, especially the
last named study, to which he gave the
last half of his life. He was joint author
with Edward Tuckerman of a Catalogue
of Plants growing without Cultivation
within Thirty Miles of Amherst College.
He died in 1880.
FROST, GEORGE, jurist, was born
April 26, 1720, in New Castle, N. H. He
was judge of the court of common pleas
of Stafford county from 1773 to 1791; was
for many years chief justice; and was a
delegate to the continental congress from
1777 to 1779, and councilor from 1781 to
1784. He died June 21, 1796, in Durham,
N. H.
FROST, JOEL, congressman, was born
in New York. He served in the state
assembly in 1806 and 1808; and was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1823 to 1825.
FROST, JOHN, soldier, jurist, was born
May 5, 1738, in Kittery, Maine. He served
in the revolutionary war, and attained the
rank of colonel. He was appointed one
of the justices of the court of sessions in
York county, Maine, and was a member of
the council of the governor of Massachu
setts. He died in July, 1810, in Kittery,
Maine.
FROST, JOHN, educator, author, was
born Jan. 26, 1800, in Kennebunk, Maine.
He was an educator of Philadelphia; and
the author of Beauties of English His
tory; Beauties of French History; Wild
Scenes in a Hunter's Life; Pioneer Moth
ers in the West; The Presidents of the
United States; Pictorial History of the
United States; and History of the World.
He died Dec. 28, 1859, in Philadelphia, Pa.
FROST, MARGARET FULTON AL-
C'ORN, educator, philanthropist, was born
in 1809, in Ireland. She attained success
in educational work as principal of the
Westerly academy, Rhode Island; and as
principal of the Seabury seminary of New
York city. She was a philanthropist, and
a pioneer for woman's advancement; was
one of the first women of her time to
obtain a classical education, and through
out her life worked for temperance, peace
and social purity. She died in 1891.
FROST, RICHARD GRAHAM, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 29, 1851, in
St. Louis, Mo. He was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the forty-sixth
and forty-seventh congresses as a demo
crat.
FROST, RUFUS SMITH, merchant,
state senator, congressman, was born July
18, 1826, in Marlborough, N. H. He was
state senator in 1871 and 1872; and was a
member of the governor's council in 1873
and 1875. He was for many years a di
rector of the North National bank of Bos
ton, and a trustee of the Boston Five Cent
Savings bank. In 1874 he was elected a
representative from Massachusetts to the
forty-fourth congress.
FROST, WILLIAM GOODELL, educa
tor, clergyman, college president, was
born July 2, 1854, in Le Roy, N. Y. During
1879-91 he was professor of Greek in the
Oberlin college; and since 1892 has been
president of Berea college, Ky.
FROTHINGHAM, ELLEN, author, was
born March 25, 1835, in Boston, Mass.
She has published several fine translations
from Lessing, Auerbach, Goethe, and
Grillparzer.
FROTHINGHAM, JAMES, painter, was
born in 1781, in Charlestown, Mass. His
works had sale chiefly in New York and
Salem. His copy of Stuart's Washington
was much admired, and his original port
raits were praised for fidelity of color
ing. He died Jan. 6, 1864.
FROTHINGHAM, NATHANIEL LANG-
DON, clergyman, author, was born July
23, 1793, in Boston. Mass. He was a uni-
tarian clergyman of Boston whose writing
displays singular grace and refinement. He
was the author of Deism or Christianity;
Sermons in the Order of a Twelvemonth;
and Metrical Pieces, Original and Trans
lated. He died April 3, 1870, in Boston,
Mass.
FROTHINGHAM, OCTAVIUS BROOKS,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 26, 1822,
in Boston, Mass. He was at one period
art critic for the New York Tribune. He
was the author of Stories from the Lips
of the Teacher; Stories from the Old Tes
tament; The Religion of Humanity; The
Cradle of the Christ; Memoir of W. H.
Channing; The Safest Creed; Beliefs of
the Unbelievers; Creed and Conduct; The
Spirit of the New Faith; The Rising and
the Setting Faith; Visions of the Fu
ture; Lives of Gerrit Smith, George Rip-
ley, Theodore Parker; History of New
England Transcendentalism; Boston Uni-
tarianism; and Recollections and Impres
sions. He died in 1895.
FROTHINGHAM, RICHARD, journalist,
author, was born Jan. 31, 1812, in Charles-
town, Mass. He was a journalist and lo
cal historian of Charlestown, Mass.; and
the author of History of the Siege of Bos
ton; The Rise of the Republic; History
of Charlestown; Life of General Joseph
Warren; and The Command in the Bat
tle of Bunker Hill. He died Jan. 20, 1880,
in Charlestown, Mass.
FROTHINGHAM, WASHINGTON, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 28, 1822,
in Fonda, N. Y. He is a presbyterian
clergyman of Albany; and the author of
Atheos, or Tragedies of Unbelief; The
Martel Papers; and Scenes in the Reign
of Terror.
FRUITNIGHT, JOHN HENRY, physi
cian, author, was born Nov. 9, 1851, in
New York city. He was among the or
ganizers of St. John's Guild for Children,
is the author of numerous papers and
monographs.
FRY, CARY HARRISON, soldier, was
born Aug. 20, 1813, in Garrard county,
Ky. He was brevetted brigadier-general
United States army in 1867, and from
1869 till his death was chief paymaster
of various military divisions. He died
March 5, 1873, in San Francisco, Cal.
FRY, GEORGE THOMSON, lawyer,
orator, legislator, was born March 12, 1843.
in Mossy Creek, Tenn. He received his
education at the Halston college of New
Market, Tenn. During 1861-65 he was a
confederate soldier; and was in all the
principal battles; and was desperately
wounded and disabled for field service at
the battle of Jonesboro, Ga. He was first
lieutenant in company C, thirty-seventh
regiment, Tennessee volunteers, C. S. A.;
was promoted in 1862 to captain of com
pany H, of the same regiment; and in
1863 was made colonel of the seventh
confederate regiment. In 1866 he was ad
mitted to the bar and practiced in Atlan
ta, Ga. During 1876-78 he represented
Fulton county in the Georgia legislature.
In 1890 he moved to Chattanooga, Tenn.
He has distinguished himself as an able
advocate in both civil and criminal law;
is a democratic orator of renown; and
celebrated as a writer on the Science of
National Finance, and Political Economy.
FRY, JACOB, congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1835 to 1839; and was at one time audi
tor-general of the state. He died Nov.
28, 1866, in Norristown, Pa.
FRY, JAMES BARNET, soldier, author,
was born Feb. 22, 1827, in Carrollton, 111.
He was a colonel and brevet major-gen
eral in the United States army, and was
retired from active service in 1881, and
thereafter lived in New York city. He was
the author of Sketch of the Adjutant-Gen
eral's Department in 1775-1875; Historical
and Legal Effects of Brevets in Great
Britain and the United States from their
Origin in 1692; Army Sacrifices; Me
Dowell and Tyler in the Campaign of Bull
Run; Operations of the Army under Bu-
ell; and New York and Conscription. He
died in 1894.
FRY, JOSEPH REESE, banker, com
poser, author. He was largely instrumen
tal in raising the Union League brigade at
a gloomy period of the civil war. He was
the author of A Life of Zachary Taylor.
He died in June, 1865, in Philadelphia, Pa.
FRY, JOSHUA, soldier, was born in
England. He made a map of Virginia;
and in 1752 was a commissioner to treat
with the Indians at Logstown. He died
May 31, 1754, while conducting an expedi
tion against the French.
FRY, SPEED SMITH, soldier, jurist,
was born Sept. 9, 1817, in Mercer county,
Ky. ' At the beginning of the civil war
he organized the fourth Kentucky regi
ment in the national army, and served as
its colonel till March 21, 1862, when he
was promoted to brigadier-general of vol
unteers.
FRY, WILLIAM HENRY, journalist,
composer, was born in August, 1815, in
Philadelphia. He was editor of the Phil
adelphia Ledger; The Sun; and the New
York Tribune. He was the author of
Leonora, an opera produced at the Chest
nut Street theater in 1845. He died Dec.
21, 1864, in the West Indies.
FRYE, JAMES, soldier, was born in
1709, in Andover, Mass. He served at the
capture of Louisburg in 1745, and com
manded the Essex regiment at the begin
ning of the revolution, taking an active
part in the battle of Bunker Hill. He
died Jan. 8, 1776.
FRYE, JOSEPH, soldier, jurist, was
born March 30, 1712, in Andover, Mass.
He was a justice of the peace and a mem
ber of the general court of Massachusetts,
and was an ensign in Male's regiment at
the capture of Louisburg in 1745. He died
in 1794, in Fryeburg, Maine.
HBRRINOSHAWS RNOVrr.OPKDIA OF AMKRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
385
FRYE, WILLIAM PBARCE, lawyer,
congressman. United States senator, was
born Sept. 2, 1831, in Lewiston, Maine.
He served three
terms as a member
of the state legisla
ture during 1861-67:
was mayor of the
city of Lewiston in
1866 and 1867, and
was attorney general
of the state of Maine
during 1867-69. In
18H4 he was a presi
dential elector; and
was a delegate to the
national republican
conventions of 1872, 1876, and 1880. He
was elected a representative to the forty-
second, forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-
sixth, and forty-seventh congresses as a
republican. In 1881 he was elected to the
United States senate to fill a vacancy:
and was re-elected in 1883, in 1888, and
again in 1895 for term ending in 1901.
FRYER, L. P., lawyer, jurist, was born
.Ian. 10, 1864. in Butler, Ky. He has
served as police judge of Falmouth, Ky..
for two terms; and for three years was
attorney of Pendleton county. In 1897
he was elected commonwealth attorney of
the eighteenth judicial district, and is
serving with distinction.
FRYHOFER, WILLIAM, farmer, legis
lator, was born Aug. 9, 1846, in Seymour,
Ind. He is a successful farmer of Ran
dolph, Kan.; and during 1886-87 served
as a member of the Kansas state legis
lature.
FUERTES. ESTE VAN ANTONIO,
civil engineer, was born May 10, 1838, in
St. John's, Porto Rico, W. I. In 1861 he
was assistant engi
neer in public works:
and in 1862-63 was
director of the west
ern district of public
works on the island
of Porto Rico. In
1863-64 he was as
sistant engineer in
the Croton aqueduct
of New York city;
and during 1864-69
was engineer to the
Croton aqueduct
hoard. In 1870-71 he was engineer in
chief of the United States Ship Canal ex
pedition to Tehuantepec and Nicaragua;
and in 1871-73 was consulting engineer
in New York city. During 1873-90 he was
dean of the department of civil engineer
ing of Cornell university; and since 1890
has been director of the college of civil
engineering at the same university. He
performed a great engineering feat, in
preparing the plans for improving the
sanitation of the Brazilian city of Santos,
which checked yellow fever and other epi
demics.
FULKERSON, ABRAM, soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born in May,
1834, in Washington county. Va. He
served in the confederate army from 1861
to 1865, rising to the rank of colonel. He
was elected a representative in the state
legislature in 1871 and 1873, and a state
senator in 1877 and 1879. He was elected -
a representative from Virginia to the for
ty-seventh congress.
FULLER, ANDREW S., horticulturist,
journalist, author, was born in 1828, in
New York. He was a horticultural
writer and journalist of New York city,
and editor of Woodward's Record of Hor
ticulture. He is the author of The Fruit
Tree Culturist; The Grape Culturist; The
25
Small Fruit Culturist; The Strawberry
Culturist; Practical Forestry: The Prop
agation of Plants; and The Nut Cultur
ist. He died in 1896.
FULLER, ANNA, author. She is a Bos
ton novelist; and the author of Pratt
Portraits: A Literary Courtship; Peak
and Prairie; and A Venetian June.
FULLER, BENJAMIN APTHORP
GOULD, lawyer, jurist, state legislator,
was born in May, 1818, in Augusta, Maine.
In 1850-54 he was judge of the municipal
court; and in 1856 was a member of the
state legislature. Since 1864 he has prac
ticed his profession in Boston, Mass.
FULLER, BENONI STINSON, educa
tor, state senator, congressman, was born
Nov. 13. 1825, in Warrick county, Ind.
In 1862 he was elected to the state sen
ate, serving four years; and in 1866 and
1868 elected to the lower house of the
legislature. In 1870 and 1872 he was
elected to the senate for a second and
third term; and was then elected a repre
sentative from Indiana to the forty-fourth
and forty-fifth congresses as a democrat.
FULLER. CEYLON CANFIELD, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, was born
June 25. 1832, in Chardon, Ohio. He is
a successful lawyer of Big Rapids, Mich.;
and in 1869-70 was a member of the
Michigan state legislature. He has been
postmaster, prosecuting attorney, judge
of probate, circuit court commissioner;
and in 1882 was elected judge of the twen
ty-seventh judicial circuit court.
FULLER, CHARLES E., lawyer, state
senator, was born March 31, 1849, in
Flora, 111. As a lawyer he has filled the
positions of city attorney of Belvidere,
111., and state's attorney of Boone county.
For six years he served as a representa
tive in the general assembly of Illinois;
and eight years as senator.
FULLER, EDWARD, journalist, author,
was born in 1800, in New York. He is a
Boston journalist, subsequently on the
staff of the Providence Journal: and the
author of The Complaining Millions of
Men, a novel of social conditions in Bos
ton.
FULLER, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845.
FULLER, GEORGE, artist, was born in
1822, in Deerfield, Mass. A memorial ex
hibition of his works was held at the
Boston Museum of the Fine Arts in 1884.
He died March 21, 1884, in Brookline,
Mass.
FULLER, GEORGE EPHRAIM, physi
cian, surgeon, was born Dec. 25, 1838, in
Wilbraham, Mass. He graduated in 1859
from the Williston
academy; and in
1863 from Amherst
college. During
1861-64 he was hos
pital steward in the
twenty-seventh regi
ment Massachusetts
volunteer infantry:
and in 1864-66 was
hospital steward in
the United States
army, stationed at
Washington, D. C.
In 1866-68 he practiced medicine in Brim-
field, Mass.; and since that time has been
located at Monson. In 1880-94 he was
president of the Eastern Hampden Medi
cal association, and has been president of
several other medical bodies. He is the
author of a number of valuable medical
papers on Typhoid Fever, Diphtheria, and
other diseases.
FULLER, GEORGE M., lawyer, legis
lator, was born in Pittsfield, Vt. He is
prominent as a lawyer and district attor
ney of his county. He served with dis
tinction as a member of the Vermont leg
islature.
FULLER, HENRY BLAKE, author, was
born in 1857, in Illinois. He is the author
of The Chevalier of Pensieri-Vani; The
Chatelaine of La Trinit.6; The Cliff Dwell
ers; With the Procession; and The Pup
pet-Booth, twelve one-act plays.
FULLER, HENRY M., lawyer, United
States senator, was born Jan. 3, 1820, in
Bethany, Pa. In 1848 he was elected to
the legislature of Pennsylvania; and was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1851 to 1853, and from 1855 to
1857. He died Dec. 26, 1860, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
FULLER, HIRAM, journalist, author,
was born about 1815, in Halifax, Mass.
He was a journalist of New York city
who at the outset of the civil war sup
ported the confederate cause, and emi
grated to England on that account. Sub
sequently he became an adventurer in
Paris. He was the author of The Groton
Letters; Belle Brittan on a Tour; Sparks
from a Locomotive; and Grand Transfor
mation Scenes in the United States. He
died in 1880.
FULLER, HOMER TAYLOR, educator,
college president, was born Nov. 15, 1838,
in Lempster, N. H. In 1864 he graduated
from Dartmouth college; and from the
Union Theological seminary in 1869. Dur
ing 1870-82 he was principal of St. Johns-
bury academy, Vermont; president of the
Worcester Polytechnic institute, Massa
chusetts, during 1882-94; and since that
time has been president of the Drury col
lege of Springfield, Mo.
FULLER, HOWARD G.. educator, jur
ist, was born Jan. 5, 1851, in Warren coun
ty, N. Y. He has been principal of public-
schools of Union, Iowa, and county super
intendent of Hardin county, Iowa. He
has been judge of the sixth judicial circuit,
of South Dakota, and is now judge of the
supreme court of South Dakota.
FULLER, .1. C., railroad president. He
is president of Hunter's Run and Slate
Belt railroad.
FULLER, JEROME, jurist. He was an
early emigrant to Minnesota; and in 1851
was appointed chief justice of the United
States court for that territory.
FULLER, JOHN WALLACE, soldier,
was born July 28, 1827, in England. He
was brevetted major-general of volunteers
in 1865. He was appointed collector of
the port of Toledo, Ohio, by President
Grant, in 1874, and reappointed in 1878.
He died March 12, 1891, in Toledo, Ohio.
FULLER, LEVI KNIGHT, manufactur
er, governor, was born Feb. 24, 1841, in
Westmoreland, N. H. He organized in
1874, and until inau
gurated governor,
commanded the Ful
ler light battery of
the Vermont Nation
al guard. He has
held various town
and village offices,
elected to state sen
ate in 1880, and lieu
tenant-governor of
the state in 1886.
He was president of
trustees at the Ver
mont academy at Saxton's River, Vt., an
educational institution he had largely sup
ported. He was nominated for governor
of Vermont at the republican state con
vention held at Burlington, Vt., June 22.
1892, and inaugurated Oct. 6, 1892.
IIKRRIXGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
FULLER, MELVILLE WESTON, chief
justice of the United States, was born Feb.
11, 1833, in Augusta, Maine. He removed
to Chicago, 111., in 1856, where he prac
ticed law until appointed chief justice.
In 1862 he was a member of the state
constitutional convention; and was a
member of the state legislature from 1863
to 1865. He was appointed chief justice
in 1888, confirmed July 20, 1888, and took
the oath of office Oct. 8, same year.
FULLER. OLIVER FRANKLIN, drug
gist, was born Oct. 19, 1829, in Sherman.
Conn. In 1852 he entered the drug busi
ness in Chicago, 111., and in 1871 took
into partnership Henry W. Fuller of
Maine, and continued the business under
the firm name of Fuller and Fuller. At
the great fire of 1871 his store, comprising
numbers 20-28 Market street, was the only
wholesale building of any kind left stand
ing in the city.
FULLER, ORAMEL BAUM, lumberman,
legislator, was born Jan. 22, 1858, in Jer
sey City, N. J. In 1869 he moved to
Michigan; has been justice of the peace;
and served three terms as a representative
in the state legislature from Ford River.
FULLER. OSCAR A., lawyer, legislator,
was born Jan. 17, 1844, in Alfred, N. Y.
When seventeen years of age he enlisted
as a union soldier during the civil war.
He has attained success as an able lawyer
of Wellsville, N. Y.; and for six years
was district attorney of his county. In
1894 he served with distinction as a mem
ber of the New York constitutional con
vention.
FULLER, PHILO C., congressman, was
born Aug. 13, 1787, in New Marlborough.
Mass. He was a member of the New York
assembly in 1830; and a representative
in congress from New York from 1833 to
1837. He was the second assistant post
master-general from 1841 to 1843; and
comptroller of New York in 1851. Ho
died Aug. 1C, 1855, in Geneva, N. Y.
FULLER. RICHARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 22, 1804, in Beaufort.
S. C. He was a baptist clergyman of
«'harl«'ston. and subsequently of Balti
more; and the author of Argument on
Baptist Close Communion: Sermons; and
Scriptural Baptism. He died Oct. 20, 1876,
in Baltimore, Md.
FULLER, RICHARD FREDERICK,
lawyer, author, was born May 15, 1821, in
Cambridge. Mass. He was a lawyer of
Boston who published Visions in Verse;
and Chaplain Fuller, a life of his brother
Arthur. He died May 30, 1869. in Way-
land, Mass.
FULLER, RICHARD HENRY, artist,
was born Oct. 19, 1822, in Bradford, N. H.
He had excellent natural gifts, and such
a retentive memory that he is said to have
made a clever copy of a Lambinet, which
he had seen only for a few moments. He
died Dec. 24, 1871, in Chelsea, Mass.
FULLER, SAMUEL, educator, clergy
man, author, was born in 1802, in New
York. He was an episcopal clergyman,
professor at the Berkeley Divinity school,
Middletown, Conn.; and the author of
Confirmation, its Authority and Nature;
and The Revelation of St. John Self-Inter
preted.
FULLER, SAMUEL RICHARD, clergy
man, author, was born in 1850. in Massa
chusetts. He is an episcopal clergyman
of Massachusetts; and the author of Per-
si nuility, a \olumeof Sermons.
KIM. 1. Kit. SARAH MARGARKT, author.
was horn May 23, 1810, in Cambridgeport.
Mass. Women in the Nineteenth Century
was her most important work. In Rome,
•she married Marquis d'Ossoli. an Italian.
On her return to America with her hus
band and infant child, the vessel was
wrecked off Fire island, and the Ossoli
family perished. She died July 16, 1850,
on Fire Island Beach.
"FULLER. THOMAS J. D., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 17, 1808, in
Hardwick. Vt. He was elected state's at
torney for his county for three years.
He was elected a representative from
Maine to the thirty-first, thirty-second,
thirty-third, and thirty-fourth congresses;
and in 1857 was appointed second auditor
of the treasury, which office he held until
1861. He died Feb. 13. 1876. near Upper-
vine, Va.
FULLER. TIMOTHY, state senator,
congressman, was born July 11, 1778, in
Chilmark. Mass. He was a member of the
Massachusetts senate from 1813 to 1817:
and speaker of the lower house in 1825.
He was again a state representative in
1831; a state councilor in 1831; and was
a representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1817 to 1825. He died Oct.
1. 1835. in Groton, Mass.
FULLER, WILLIAM E., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 30, 1846, in
Howard, Pa. He was a representative in
the Iowa legislature in 1876 and 1877. In
1884 he was elected a representative from
Iowa to the forty-ninth congress; and
was re-elected to the fiftieth congress as a
republican.
FULLER. WILLIAM K., congressman.
He was a member of the assembly of
New York in 1829 and 1830. At one time
he was adjutant-general of the state mil
itia; and from 1833 to 1837 a representa-
the in congress.
FULLERTON, DAVID, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1771. He was
for several years a member of the legisla
ture of Pennsylvania; and represented
that state in congress from 1819 to 1820.
when he resigned. He died Feb. 1, 1843.
in Greencastle. Pa.
1-TLLERTON. GEORGE STUART,
clergyman, educator, author, was born in
I s.v.i. He is an episcopal clergyman and
professor of moral philosophy in the uni
versity of Pennsylvania. He is the author
of The Conception of the Infinite and the
Solution of the Mathematical Antinomies,
a psychological treatise: and A Plain
Argument for God.
FULLERTON. WILLIAM MORTON,
journalist, author, was born in 1865, in
Connecticut. He was a journalist in Bos
ton for several years, and since 1890 a
member of the Paris staff of the London
Times. He is the author of Cairo, a de
scriptive essay: and Patriotism and
Science, a collection of essays.
FULMORE. ZACHARY TAYLOR, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, author, was born Nov.
11, 1846. in Robeson county. N. C. He
attended the country school; North Caro
lina Military institute, and the university
of Virginia. He served as a soldier in
the confederate army; was in the en
gagement at Fort Fisher, and from Jan
uary until June, 1865, was a prisoner of
war. He has been a member of the board
of trustees of the Texas Institute for the
Blind, county judge of Travis county for
six years; and a trustee of the public
schools of Austin. Tex. He is a success
ful lawyer; and author of a History of
the Geography of Texas, and other works.
FULTON. ANDREW S.. congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1847 to 1849.
FULTON. JOHN, clergyman, author.
was born April 2. 1834. In Scotland. He
is an episcopal clergyman noted as an able
exponent of canon law, and professor of
that subject at the Episcopal Divinity
school in Philadelphia. He is the author
of Letters on Christian Unity: Index
Canonum; The Laws of Marriage; Doc
umentary History of the Episcopal Church
in the Confederate States; The Beautiful
Land, a description of Palestine; and The
Chalcedonian Decree.
FULTON. JOHN H., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1833 to 183f>. He died Jan. 28,
1836. in Abingdon.
FULTON. JUSTIN DEWEY, clergy
man, lecturer, author, was born March 1,
1828, in Earlville, N. Y. He received a
liberal education,
and graduated from
the university of
Michigan, and from
the Theological sem
inary of Rochester.
N. Y. In 1853 he
became the editor of
The Gospel Banner
of St. Louis, Mo. He
has filled pastorates
in St. Louis, San-
dusky, Albany; was
for ten years pastor
of Tremont temple of Boston, Mass.; and
thence was pastor of the Hanson place
and Centennial church of Brooklyn, N. Y.
He there took a prominent part in anti-
Roman catholic work; became president
of the Pauline propaganda: and subse
quently resigned his pastorate in order to
give all his time to that work in Somer-
ville. Mass. He is a brilliant lecturer
on religious subjects: and has received
the appellation of the Luther of the nine
teenth century. He is the author of The
Roman Catholic Element in American
History: The True Woman; Show Your
Colors, a Story of Boston Life; The Way
Out: Witnessing for the Truth, or the
Overthrow of the Papacy: and Rome in
America.
FULTON. ROBERT, engineer, inventor,
was born July 26. 1765, in Lancaster coun
ty. Pa. He invented a machine for spin-
n i n g flax, another
for making ropes,
and was proprietor
of the first panorama
exhibited in Paris.
Though others had
previously conceived
the idea of steam
navigation, Fulton
was the first who
successfully realized
it. The Clermont.
sometimes called
Fulton's Folly,
launched in 1807, was the first steamboat
on the Hudson river. He died Feb. 21,
1815, in New York.
FULTON. WILLIAM S., soldier, lawyer,
governor. United States senator, was born
June 2, 1795, in Cecil county, Md. In 182H
he was appointed secretary of the terri
tory of Arkansas, and in 1835 governor
of the same, which office he held until
that territory was admitted into the union
as a state, when he was elected a senator
from Arkansas, serving from 1836 to 1844.
He died Aug. 15, 1844, in Little Rock. Ark.
FUNK. BENJAMIN F., soldier, con
gressman, was born Oct. 17. 1838, in Funk's
Grove. 111. He served during the civil war
as a private in the sixty-eighth Illinois
infantry. He removed to Bloomington in
|M;;I: and was elected mayor of that city
in 1S7I. and was re-elected six times con
secutively. He was elected to the fifty-
third congress as a republican.
HKRRINOBHAW'S KNCYOLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGKAPFfY.
387
FUNKHOUSER. A. PAUL, educator,
journalist, statesman, was born Dec. 10,
1853, near Dayton, Va. Although licensed
to preach since he was sixteen years of
age, he is best known as an educator.
He founded the Shenandoah institute of
Dayton, Va., and was superintendent of
the Rockingham county schools for three
years, winning the only Peabody silver
medal given for the most efficient school
work in the state. He also served as
president, of Western college, Iowa: and
for fifteen years has been manager of the
Shenandoah Valley Chautauqua assembly,
which he founded. He started the State
Republican in 1883. He was a delegate to
the national republican convention at Chi
cago in 1888; presidential elector in 1892:
state canvasser in 1896; and republican
candidate for the state senate in 1895.
FUNSTON, C. M., journalist, jurist, was
born in 1854, in Washington county, N. Y.
He is the editor and owner of The Sun of
Flagstaff, Ariz. He has been county
judge, commissioner of immigration, and
has held various other public positions
of honor.
FUNSTON. EDWARD H.. soldier, farm
er, congressman, was born in 1836, in
Clark county. Ohio. In 1861 he entered
the union army as a lieutenant, and
served throughout the civil war. He was
a representative in the Kansas legislature
in 1873-75, and in the latter year was
speaker of the house. In 1880 he was
elected a state senator, and was made
president of the senate pro tempore. In
1884 he was elected a representative from
Kansas to the forty-eighth congress, to
fill a vacancy, and was re-elected to the
forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, and fifty-
second congresses as a republican.
FURMAN, GABRIEL, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born Jan. 23. 1800. in Brooklyn,
N. Y. In 1827 he was appointed a justice
of the Brooklyn municipal court, which
office he held for three years. He served
as state senator in 1839-42. He published
Notes, Geographical and Historical, rela
tive to the Town of Brooklyn. He died
Nov. 11, 1854, in Brooklyn. N. Y.
FURMAN. JAMES CLEMENT, educa
tor, college president, was born Dec. a.
1809, in Charleston, S. C. In 1843 he
accepted a professorship in the Furman
Theological institution. When the insti
tution was expanded into Furman univer
sity at Greenville. S. C., he was made its
president.
FURNAS. ELWOOD. educator, public
official, was born Feb. 22, 1840. in Mont
gomery county. Ohio. He received his
education in the dis
trict schools of his
county: and at the
age of nineteen be
gan teaching school.
He has filled all the
public positions of
honor in the gift of
the public, including
township. county,
state and national
public offices of hon
or. He was chair
man of the auditing
board of the Story County Farmers' Mu
tual Fire and Lightning association, and
vice-president and director of the same:
president of the Story County Farmers'
institute, and organizer of the same: and
since 1893 has been president of the Farm
ers' National alliance. He has written ex
tensively for the leading agricultural pub
lications in America: and has addressed
various agricultural bodies and societies.
FURNASS, R. W., governor. He was
governor of Nebraska from 1873 to 1875.
FURNESS, MRS. HELEN KATE ROG
ERS, author, was born July 26, 1837, in
Philadelphia. Pa. She was a Shakespear
ean scholar of Philadelphia who published
A Concordance to the Poems of Shakes
peare. She died Oct. 30. 1883.
FURNESS. HORACE HOWARD, au
thor, was born Nov. 2. 1833, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He is a distinguished Shakes
pearean scholar of Philadelphia, widely
known -in the literary world for his schol
arly and exhaustive variorum editions of
King Lear, Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and
Juliet. Othello. Merchant of Venice, As
You Like It. and Midsummer Night's
Dream.
FURNESS, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, author, was born April 20, 1802, in
Boston. Mass. He was a Unitarian clergy
man of Philadelphia; and from 1825 to
1875 pastor of the Unitarian church in that
city. A theologian of radical views, but
reverent temper. He was the author of
The Unconscious Truth of the Four Gos
pels: Jesus and His Biographers; His
tory of Jesus: Thoughts on the Life and
Character of Jesus; The Story of the
Resurrection Told Once More; The Power
of Spirit; Discourses: The Veil Lifted and
Jesus becoming Visible; Verses; Trans
lations and Hymns; The Faith of Jesus;
and a much-admired translation of
Schiller's Song of the Bell.
FURNESS, WILLIAM HENRY, artist,
was born May 21, 1828, in Philadelphia.
Pa. He established himself in Philadel
phia as a portrait-painter, but later re
moved to Boston, Mass., where he attained
a high rank in his profession. He died
March 4, 1867, in Cambridge, Mass.
FURNISS. JOHN P., physician, surgeon,
was born Sept. 24. 1841, in Columbus,
Miss. In 1860 he graduated from the uni
versity of Mississippi, and received the
degree of B. A. He served as assistant
surgeon in the confederate service during
the civil war. He has been state medical
referee for the Mutual Benefit Life In
surance company of Newark. N. J.; mem
ber of the state board of health; and is
now one of the leading physicians of Ala
bama, in which state he has a large prac
tice at Selma.
FURST. CHARLES SIEGFRIED, mer
chant, journalist, was born in May, 1850.
in Germany. In 1873 he established a
large mercantile house in Jersey City,
N. J.: and in 1893 he became president
of the Jersey City Daily Democrat associa
tion. He has been prominently identified
with every public movement for the bene
fit and improvement of Jersey City.
FUTHEY. JOHN SMITH, lawyer, anti
quarian, author, born Sept. 3, 1820, in Ches
ter county. Pa. He was a lawyer and an
tiquarian of Eastern Pennsylvania; and
the author of History of Chester County;
and Historical Collections of Chester
County. He died in 1888.
FYAN, ROBERT W.. soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born March 11.
1835, in Bedford county. Pa. He served
in the union army during the civil war,
rising to the rank of colonel; and at the
close of the war was appointed circuit
attorney of the fourteenth judicial cir
cuit of Missouri. In 1866 he was elected
judge of that circuit, and was re-elected
in 1868, 1874 and 1880. He was a mem
ber of the state constitutional convention
of 1875; and was elected a representa
tive from Missouri to the forty-eighth,
fifty-second and fifty-third congresses as
a democrat. He (lied July 28. 189«. in
Marshfield. Mo.
GABB, WILLIAM MORE, paleontolo
gist, author, was born Jan. 16, 1839, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1868 he undertook
a survey in Santo Domingo for the Santo
Domingo Land and Mining company, re
maining on the island from 1869 to 1872.
He published an extended memoir On the
Topography and Geology of Santo Do
mingo. He died May 30. 1878. in Philadel
phia, Pa.
GABRIELS, HENRY, educator, bishop,
was born Oct. (i. 1838, in Belgium. For
thirty years he was the professor of the
ology and president of St. Joseph semi
nary of Troy. N. Y. In 1892 he was con
secrated bishop of Ogdensburg.
GADSDEN, CHRISTOPHER, congress
man, was born in 1724 in Charleston, S.
C. He was elected to the New York con
gress of 1765, to petition against the
stamp act; and a delegate from that state
to the continental congress from 1774 to
1776. He was elected governor of the
state, but declined to serve on account of
his age. He died Aug. 28. 1805 in Charles
ton, S. C.
GADSDEN, CHRISTOPHER ED
WARDS, journalist, bishop, author, was
born Nov. 25, 1785, in Charleston, S. C.
He was elected bishop, and was conse
crated in Trinity church, Boston, Mass..
in 1840. He edited for several years the
Gospel Messenger, published a tract on
The Prayer-Book as it Is, and three val
uable charges to the clergy, and an es
say on the life of Bishop Dehon. He died
June 24. 1852, in Charleston. S. C.
GADSDEN, JAMES, soldier, merchant,
diplomat, was born May 15, 1788, in
Charleston. S. C. In 1820 he was appoint
ed inspector-general of the army, with
rank of colonel. He was appointed min
ister to Mexico in 1853, and negotiated
the Gadsden Purchase, now known as
Arizona, for ten million dollars. He died
Dec. 26, 1858. in Charleston. S. C.
GADSDEN. JOHN, lawyer, state legis
lator, was born March 4, 1787. He was a
member of the South Carolina legisla
ture, and also held the office of United
States district attorney He died Jan 31
1831.
GADSDEN. PHILIP HENRY, lawyer,
legislator, was born Oct. 4, 1867, in Char
leston. S. C. He has served with distinc
tion as a member of the South Carolina
state legislature: and is president of the
Charleston Street Railway company.
GAFFNEY. MARGARET, philanthro
pist, was born about 1825, in Baltimore.
Md. In 1852 she opened an orphan asylum
in New Orleans, and gave to orphans of
whatever denomination her three largest
homes for children, and a home for the
aged and infirm. She was the first wo
man in this country to be honored by the
erection of a marble statue to her mem
ory. She died Feb. 9, 1882.
GAGE, ALFRED PAYSON. educator,
author, was born April 15, 1836. in Hop-
kinton, N. H. He is engaged in educa
tional work, and is the author of a series
of Text-Books on Physics.
GAGE, MRS. FRANCES DANA [BAR
KER], suffragist, lecturer, author, was
born Oct. 12, 1808. in Marietta. Ohio. She
was a prominent advocate of woman suff
rage who lectured much on that subject
as well as upon temperance and anti-sla
very. She was the author of Elsie Ma-
goon, a temperance story; Poems; Ger
tie's Sacrifice; Nightcaps, a Series of
Books; and Sparks Upward. She wrote
much over the signature Aunt Fanny. She
died Nov. 10. 1884. in Greenwich. Conn.
HKRHIN08HAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA UK AMKKICAN MtOGRAPHV.
GAGE. JOSHUA, state legislator, con
gressman. He was a member of the leg
islature from 1805 to 1808, in 1813, 1814.
1820 and 1821; a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts from 1817 to
1819; and a state councilor in 1822 and
1823.
GAGE LYMAN JUDSON, banker, finan
cier was born June 28, 1836, in Deruyter.
N Y. He became cashier of the
National bank of Chicago in 1868.
charter expiring, the bank was reorgan
ized in 1882. with a capital of three mil
lion dollars, and Mr. Gage was made vice-
president and general manager, and in
1891 he was elected president. In 1897 he
resigned the presidency of the bank in
order to accept the portfolio of the United
States treasury.
GAGE, MRS. MATILDA JOSLYN. suff
ragist author, was born March 24, 1826.
in Cic'ero N Y. She is a noted woman
suffragist' of Fayetteville, N. Y.; and the
author of Woman's Rights Catechism;
Woman as an Inventor; Woman, Church
and State; and History of Woman Suff
rage.
GAGE SIMON HENRY, physiologist,
author was born May 20, 1857. in Mary
land N Y. He is a physiologist who has
been professor of physiology »t Con»M
unhersity; and is the author of The Mic
roscope and Histeology; and Anatomical
Technology.
GAGE THOMAS, soldier colonial gov
ernor, was born in 1721 in England He
was governor of Massachusetts in 1774-75.
He died April 2, 1787, in England.
GAGE WILLIAM LEONARD, clergy
man, author, was born in 1832 in New
Hampshire. He was a Unitarian clergy
man of Hartford in 1868-84. He is the
author of Trinitarian Sermons to a Uni
tarian Congregation; Songs of War Time;
Light in Darkness; Life of Carl Ritter;
Studies in Bible Lands; Verses; The
Home of God's People; A Leisurely Jour
ney Palestine, Historic and Descriptive;
The' Salvation of Faust; and a number of
translations from the German.
GAIL. FREDERICK W.. lawyer, was
born Jan. 17. 1860, in Aurora, N. Y. He
started in life as a newspaper reporter;
and in 1882-84 was official stenographer
for the first judicial district of Minnesota;
and since 1884 has practiced law at Still-
water, Minn.
GAILLARD, EDWIN SAMUEL, soldier,
educator, physician, journalist, was born
Jan. 16, 1827, in Charleston, S. C. In 1865
he established the Richmond Medical
Journal, which he removed to Louisville
in 1868, and published there under the
title of the Richmond and Louisville Med
ical Journal. In 1874 he also established
the American Medical Weekly. He died
Feb. 1, 1885, in Louisville, Ky.
GAILLARD, JOHN, United States sen
ator, was born Sept. 5, 1765, in St. Steph
en's, S. C. He was a senator of the
United States from South Carolina from
1804 to 1826; voted for the war of 1812;
and was repeatedly called to preside over
the senate in the absence of the vice-
president. He died Feb. 26, 1826, in
Washington, D. C.
GAILLARD, THEODORE, lawyer, jur
ist. He was one of the earliest judges of
the United States circuit court, having in
1801 been appointed chief Justice of the
fifth circuit. In 1813 he was appointed
a district judge of the United States for
Louisiana.
GAILOR, THOMAS FRANK, clergy
man bishop, was born Sept. 17, 1856, in
Jackson, Miss. In 1880 he was ordained
a priest, and is now assistant bishop of
Tennessee.
GA1NE, HUGH, journalist, was born in
1726 in Ireland. He began business as a
printer and bookseller in New York city
in 1750, and in 1752 established the Mer
cury, a weekly publication. He died April
25, 1807, in New York city.
GAINES. EDMUND PENDLETON, sol
dier, was born March 20, 1777, in Culpep-
er county, Va. He entered the army in
1799, and rose gradually until he was
made major-general for his gallantry at
Fort Erie in 1814. He remained in the
army until his death. He died June 6.
1849, in New Orleans, La.
GAINES. JOHN P., soldier, congress
man, governor, was born in Walton. Ky.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1847
to 1849; was govern
or of Oregon terri
tory in 1850-53; and
senert as a major in
the Mexican war as
aid to Gen. Scott,
and suffered impris
onment. He was a
gallant soldier, and
did valuable service
while on the staff of
Gen. Scott. While in
congress he advocat
ed numerous measures of importance to
his state, and served on several commit
tees. He died in 1858 in Oregon.
GAINES, JOHN WESLEY, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 24, 1861, in
Nashville, Tenn. In 1892 he was elector
on the Cleveland ticket and led in the
ballot; afterwards became a leading ex
ponent of free siher in his district, and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
GAINES, WESLEY J., bishop, author,
was born Oct. 4. 1840, in Washington. G;i.
In 1888 he was ordained bishop at Indian
apolis. He is the author of a valuable
work entitled African Methodism in the
South.
GAINES, WILLIAM EMBRE. soldier,
banker, congressman, was born Aug. 30.
1844, in Charlotte county, Va. In 1861 he
enlisted as a private in company K, eigh
teenth Virginia regiment, and was en
gaged in all the battles fought by the
army of Northern Virginia up to the
Maryland campaign. He was elected to
the Virginia state senate in 1883, and was
the leader of his party in that branch
three years, when he resigned. He was
elected to the fiftieth congress as a re
publican.
GAITHER, BURGESS SIDNEY, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 16, 1807,
in Iredell county, N. C. He was superin
tendent of the mint at Charlotte. N. C,;
and was a member of the state senate in
1840 and 1844. He was also a member
of both sessions of the confederate con
gress. He died Feb. 23, 1892, in Mor-
gantown, N. C.
GAITHER, GEORGE FRANKLIN, far
mer, educator, politician, was born March
6, 1856, in luka. Miss. After graduating
from the luka Male institute he taught in
the public schools of Etowah county,
Ala.; and in 1886 was elected county su
perintendent of education for that county,
receiving the re-election in 1888. He is
a successful farmer and populist politi
cian; and helped to organize that party in
IKill at Cincinnati, Ohio.
GAITHER, HENRY, soldier, was born
in 1751 In Montgomery county, Md. He
was a captain in the revolutionary army,
and took part in nearly every battle of
the war. He died June 22, 1811, in George
town. D. C.
GAITHER, HENRY CHKW, patriot,
state legislator, was born in 1777 in
Maryland. He represented his county in
the legislature for many years, but is
chiefly remembered for his heroic conduct
in defense of free speech during the dis
graceful assault by a mob on the office of
the Baltimore Federalist, July 26, 1812.
He died Feb. 12. 1845, in Ixx'iist Grove.
Md.
GAITHER, NATHAN, physician, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1785
in Columbia, Ky. He was a member of
the state legislature from Adair county
in 1815, 1816, 1817. and 1818; and was a
presidential elector in 1829. He was
elected a representative from Kentucky
to the twenty-first and twenty-second con
gresses; was a member of the constitu
tional convention of the state in 1849; and
was again a presidential elector in 1861.
GAITHER, WILLIAM LINGAN, soldier,
state legislator, governor, was born Feb
21, 1813, in Locust Grove. Md. He was
early elected to the legislature, and
served sixteen years, a portion of the time
in each branch. In 1851 he was chosen
president of the senate. He died Aug
2. 1858, in Berkley Springs, Va.
GALBERRY. THOMAS, Roman catho
lie bishop, was born in 1833, in Ireland
He was ordained priest in 1856. His first
mission was at Lansingburg, N. Y.. where
he built a Gothic church at an expanse of
over $33,000, and near it a convent for
the Sisters of St. Joseph. He died Oct. 10.
1878, in New York city.
GALBRAITH, JOHN, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
Pennsylvania. He served several terms in
the legislature of Pennsylvania, and was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1833 to 1837, and again from
1839 to 1841. He also held the office of
United States president judge for the
sixth district of Pennsylvania. He died
June 15, I860, in Erie, Pa.
GALBRAITH, WILLIAM J., soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Feb. 18, 1837, in
Freeport, Pa. He served as an officer in
the United States signal corps from 1861
to 1864. In 1879 he was appointed an as
sociate justice of the supreme court of the
territory of Montana, and was reappointed
in 1883.
GALE, BENJAMIN, physician, author,
was born in 1715, on Long Island, N. Y.
He was the author of A Dissertation on
Inoculation, and other works. He died
May 21, 1790, in Killingworth, Conn.
GALE, CHRISTOPHER, lawyer, jurist,
was born about 1670 in England. In 1712
he became chief justice of North Carolina
He died at Edenton, N. C.
GALE, GEORGE, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Mary
land from 1789 to 1791.
GALE, GEORGE WASHINGTON, edu
cator, was born Dec. 3, 1789, in Northeast.
Pa. He established the Oneida manual
labor institute at Whitesboro. N. Y..
where he remained from 1827 till 1834.
His life work was the organization of
Knox college at Galesburg, 111., in 1835
He died Sept. 13, 1862, in Galesburg, 111.
GALE, LEVIN, congressman, was born
in 1824 in Cecil county, Md. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1827 to 1829. He died April 28, 1875.
in Baltimore, Md.
GALE, THEOPHILUS, theologian, phil
osopher. He was a doctor of divinity, a
classical scholar, and a learned theologian
and philosopher. He died in 1677.
GALE, WILLIAM H., jurist. He was
appointed an associate justice of the
United States court for the territory of
Colorado.
HERRINQ8HAW8 ENCYCLOPEDIA <>K AM10K1CAN HHxm.M'l 1 V.
389
GALEENEK. CHRIS., clergyman, was
born Feb. 27, 1854, in Warren county.
Ohio. He is one of the foremost clergy
men of the west and has filled pastorates
in the leading churches of Illinois. He
has been secretary of the Illinois confer
ence; was twice a delegate to the general
conference of the methodist episcopal
i-hurch, and has been presiding elder.
GALES, JOSEPH, journalist, was born
in 1760 in Kngland. He was originally a
printer and bookseller at Sheffield, where
lie established and published the Register.
He died Aug. 24, 1841. in Raleigh, N. C.
GALES, JOSEPH, journalist, was born
April 10, 1786, in England. In 1810 he
succeeded to the sole proprietorship of the
National Intelligencer of Washington. D.
C. He died July 21. 1860. in Washington,
n. C.
GALES. SEATON, soldier, journalist,
was born May 17, 1828, in Raleigh, N. C.
On the death of his father he took edi
torial charge of the Raleigh Register;
and from 1866 till 1869 was connected with
the Raleigh Sentinel. He died Nov. 29,
1878, in Washington, D. C.
GALLAGHER, CHARLES WESLEY,
clergyman, college president, was born
Feb. 3, 1846, in Boston, Mass. During
1889-93 he was president of the Lawrence
university of Wisconsin; and since 1893
has been president of the Maine Wesleyan
seminary and college of Kent's Hill.
GALLAGHER, HUGH P., clergyman,
philanthropist, was born in 1815, in Ire
land. In 1844 he was made president of
ihe Theological seminary of Pittsburg,
Pa. The same year he founded St. Fran-
els' college for boys, and also founded
and edited the Pittsburg Catholic. In 1850
he introduced the sisters of mercy, for
whom he established St. Aloysius' acad
emy for girls. In 1852 he moved to Cali
fornia, built a church in Benicia; and in
1853 established the Catholic Standard.
He died in March, 1882, in San Francisco.
Cal.
GALLAGHER. JAMES NESTOR, mer
chant, author, poet, was born July 5, 1848,
in Concord, N. H. He is the author of
a humorous work entitled Let 'er Go, Gal
lagher; and a volume of poems.
GALLAGHER, NICHOLAS ALOYSIUS,
college president, bishop, was born Feb.
19, 1846, in Temperanceville, Ohio. He
was ordained priest in 1868, and conse
crated bishop of Galveston. Texas, in 1882.
For many years he was president of St.
Aloysius seminary of Columbus, Ohio.
GALLAGHER, PATRICK S., educator,
was born in May, 1855, in Ireland. He
attended the Business college of La
Crosse, Wis., and has attained success in
educational work. For the past eight
years he has been superintendent of
schools in Swift county, Minn.
GALLAGHER, WILLIAM DAVIS, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born Aug. 21,
1808, in Philadelphia, Pa. He received his
education at the
Lancasterian semi
nary of Cincinnati.
Ohio. He commenced
life as a printer,
then became a proof
reader; and subse
quently filled the edi
torial chair on a Cin
cinnati daily news
paper. He published
The Quarterly Re
view, and was prom
inent in the early
literary annals of the Ohio valley. He
was the author of Miami Woods, and
Other Poems; A Golden Wedding, and
Other Poems; and Erato, a volume of
verse. He died in 1894 in Louisville, Ky.
GALLATIN, ALBERT, diplomat, states
man, author, was born Jan. 29, 1761, in
Geneva, Switzerland. In 1793 he was
elected a senator in
congress from Penn
sylvania, serving
from 1795 to 1801. In
the latter year he
was appointed secre
tary of the treasury.
He was president of
the National bank
of New YorK, and
advocated the estab
lishment of the New-
York university. He
was the author of
Considerations on the Currency and
Banking System of the United States;
Synopsis of the Indian Tribes; Notes on
the Semi-Civilized Nations of Mexico, Yu
catan and Central America; Peace with
Mexico; and War Expenses. His writings
have been edited in six volumes. He died
Aug. 12, 1849, in Astoria, N. Y.
GALLAUDET, EDWARD MINER, edu
cator, college president, author, was born
Feb. 5, 1837, in Hartford, Conn. During
1857-64 he was superintendent of the Col
umbia Institution for Deaf and Dumb of
Washington, D. C., and since 1864 has
been president of that institution, and also
ot Gallaudet College for the Deaf. He is
the author of a Popular Manual of Inter
national Law: and Life of T. H. Gallaudet.
his father.
GALLAUDET, THOMAS, clergyman,
philanthropist, author, was born June 3.
1822, in Hartford, Conn. In 1852 he found
ed St. Ann's Church for Deaf Mutes in
Hartford, Conn., and in 1859 added a
church and rectory. In 1885 he founded
the Gallaudet Home for Deaf Mutes on a
farm on the Hudson river.
GALLAUDET, THOMAS HOPKINS, ed
ucator, philanthropist, author, was born
Dec. 10, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was a celebrated ed
ucator of deaf mutes.
who was superin
tendent of the Insti
tution for Deaf
Mutes at Hartford,
the first in the Unit
ed States, in 1817-30.
He is the author of
Child's Book of the
Soul; The Youth's
Book of Natural
Theology; Sermons
Preached to an Eng
lish Congregation in Paris; and Bible Sto
ries for the Young. He died Sept. 9, 1851,
in Hartford, Conn.
GALLAWAY. ROBERT MACY, mer
chant, banker, was born Aug. 4, 1837, in
New York city. He was elected president
of the Merchants' National bank of New
York city in 1892, and has since conducted
the affairs of this institution with pru
dence and success.
GALLEGOS, JOSE M., soldier, state
legislator, congressman, was born Nov. 14,
1815, in Rio Arriba county, N. M. He
was a member of the legislative assembly
of Mexico in 1843-46; a member of the
first legislative assembly of the territory
of New Mexico in 1850-51, and was elected
delegate to congress in 1854. He was
speaker of the territorial house of repre
sentatives in 1860-62; quartermaster-gen
eral of the territorial militia, and treasu
rer of the territory for five years. He was
superintendent of Indian affairs in New
Mexico in 1868, and was elected delegate
to the forty-second congress as a demo
crat.
GALLEHEH, JOHN NICHOLAS, bish
op, was born Feb. 17, 1839, in Mason coun
ty, Ky. He was the third protestant epis
copal bishop of the diocese of Louisiana.
He died Dec. 7, 1891, in New Orleans, La.
GALLIGAN, MATTHEW J., lawyer,
jurist, was born Aug. 25, 1854, in Wash
ington county, Wis. He has attained suc
cess in his profession at Pueblo, Col., and
served two terms as judge of the county
court.
GALL1NGER, JACOB H.. journalist,
physician, congressman, United States
senator, was born March 28, 1837, in Can
ada. He practiced
medicine and surgery
from 1858 until he
entered public life,
and is a member of
various state and na
tional medical so
cieties. He was a
member of the house
of representatives of
New Hampshire in
1872-73 and 1891;
and was a member of
the state senate in
1878-80, being president of that body the
last two years. He was surgeon-general
of New Hampshire with the rank of brig
adier-general in 1879-80. He was chair
man of the delegation from his state to
the republican national convention of
1888. He was elected to the forty-ninth
and fiftieth congresses as a republican,
and declined renomination to the fifty-
first congress, and was elected United
States senator in 1890. and was re-elected
in 1896.
GALLISON, HENRY HAMMOND, art
ist, \vas born in 1850 in Boston, Mass. He
graduated from Harvard college, studied
art in Paris, and has attained prominence
as a painter.
GALLITZIN, DEMETRIUS AUGUST
INE, clergyman, author, was born Dec. 22,
1770, in Holland. He was the son of the
Russian ambassador to France, he came
to America in 1792, was educated as a
Sulpitian priest, and founded the Roman
catholic colony of Loretto in Pennsyl
vania in 1803. He was the author of De
fence of Catholic Principles; Appeal to
the Protestant Public; Six Letters of Ad
vice; and Letter to a Protestant Friend
on the Holy Scriptures. He died in 1841.
GALLOWAY, CHARLES BETTS, bish
op, author, was born about 1849 in Mis
sissippi. He is a bishop of the methodist
church south, and the author of Method
ism a Child of Providence; and Aaron's
Rod in Public Morals.
GALLOWAY, JACOB SC UDDER, law
yer, jurist, legislator, was born Feb. 14,
1838, in Mendham, N. J. In 1858 he grad
uated from the Princeton university; was
admitted to the bar, and has attained suc
cess as one of the foremost lawyers of the
south at Memphis, Tenn. He has been
a member of the Tennessee state senate,
judge of the probate court, judge of the
second circuit court of Shelby county, and
filled various other public positions of
honor.
GALLOWAY, JOSEPH, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born in
1730, near West River, Md. He was a
member of the assembly of Pennsylvania
in 1764, officiating as speaker; was a dele
gate to the continental congress in 1774
and 1775, and a signer of the declaration
of independence. He was the author of
Historical and Political Reflections on the
American Rebellion; and The Prophetic
History of the Church 01 Rome. He died
Aug. 29, 1803. in England.
390
HKRRINQSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GALLOWAY, SAMUEL, educator, law
yer, orator, congressman, was born March
20, 1811, in Gettysburg, Pa. He was a
professor in the Miami university as well
as in Hanover college, Indiana. He was at
one time secretary of state; and was elect
ed a representative in the thirty-fourth
congress. He died April 5, 1872, in Col
umbus, Ohio.
GALLOWAY, W. T., physician, surgeon,
business man, public official. He was ed
ucated at Ogdensburg, N. Y., and was a
graduate of the Cas-
tleton Medical col
lege of Vermont. In
1857-60 he was regis
trar of the United
States land office at
Eau Claire, Wis.. and
filled various other
public positions of
trust. In 1890 he
was appointed dep
uty United States
marshal of Arizona,
where he is also ac
tively interested in mining.
GALLOWAY. WALTER A., soldier,
merchant, legislator, was born Nov. 22,
1844, in Little Rock. Ark. He was a sol
dier during the civil war, and has served
as a member of the Arkansas state legis
lature.
GALLUP. ALBERT, congressman. He
was at one time sheriff of Albany county,
N. Y. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1837 to 1841,
and was appointed collector of Albany.
He died in November, 18r>l, in Providence,
R. I.
GALLUP, JOSEPH ADAMS, educator,
physician, author, was born Marcb 30,
1769, in Stonington, Conn. He was a Ver
mont physician, and professor in Vermont
Medical college, which he founded. He
was the author of Epidemic Diseases in
Vermont; and Outlines of the Institutes of
Medicine. He died Oct. 12, 1849, in Wood
stock, Vt.
GALT, E. T., railroad president, was
born May 24, 1850, in Canada. He is
president of the Alberta Railway and Coal
company, and of the Great Falls and Can
ada railway at Great Falls, Mont.
GALUSHA, JONAS, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, governor, was born Feb. 11, 1753, in
Norwalk, Conn. He was a revolutionary
soldier, and served at Bennington, Vt. He
was a member of the council from 1793 to
1798, and again from 1801 to 1805. He was
a member of the general assembly in 1800;
judge of the state supreme court from
1795 to 1797, and from 1800 to 1806; and
governor of Vermont from 1809 to 1813,
and from 1815 to 1820. He died Oct. 8,
1834, in Shaftsbury, Vt.
GALVANI, WILLIAM H., civil en
gineer, vegetarian, was born June 27, 1861,
in Russia. He emigrated to the United
__ States in 1882, and
since that time has
been engaged in en
gineering works on
nearly all of the
principal railways in
the Pacific north
west; and in literary
work, as an editorial
writer, publisher and
contributor to peri
odical literature. He
3 well known as an
xponent of Panthe
ism, and as an ardent defender of the
rights of all animals to life and liberty, on
which subject he has written and lec
tured extensively. He is a member of the
Universal Theosophical society, and is
strictly a vegetarian.
GAMBLE, HAMILTON McSPARRIN,
physician, surgeon, was born Oct. 25, 1838,
in Moorefield, W. Va. During the war he
served in the confederate army as a sur
geon, and was in charge of the second
corps hospital. Since the war he has
practiced medicine in Moorefleld, Va.
GAMBLE, HAMILTON ROWAN, gov
ernor, was born Nov. 29, 1798, in Winches
ter, Va. He was an active member of the
constitutional convention of Missouri at
the opening of the rebellion in 1861, and
was made acting and provisional governor
of that state, when the regular governor
joined the confederacy. He died Jan. 31,
1864, in Jefferson City, Mo.
GAMBLE, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 28, 1809, in Ly-
coming county, Pa. He was elected to the
legislature in 1841, and re-elected in the
following year. He was then elected to
congress as a democrat, serving from 1851
till 1855. He was elected president-judge
of Lycoming district in 1868, and served
ten years. He died Feb. 22, 1882, in Will-
iamsport, Pa.
GAMBLE, -ROBERT J., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 7,
1851, near Akron, N. Y. He has been dis
trict attorney; city
•••••HK i attorney of Yankton
for two terms, and
T» , state senator in 1885.
He represented South
^ 0wL Dakota as congress-
man-at-large in the
^L/j ;; fifty-fourth congress,
Jf^fy. ' and was the unani-
W^. '•• mous nominee of his
'^*^^^^^_ party for re-election
jit B| to the fifty-fifth con-
jflfl I gress in the year
™ 1896, but was defeat
ed by a plurality of one hundred and
eighty-two votes out of a total vote of
eighty-three thousand. He has been an
active member of the republican organiza
tion of his state for many years.
GAMBLE, ROGER L., jurist, congress
man. He was a member of the house of
representatives in congress from Georgia
from 1833 to 1835, and from 1841 to 1843,
and afterward judge of the superior court
of that state. He died Dec. 20, 1847.
GAMBLE, THOMAS, naval officer. He
was appointed midshipman in 1804, lieu
tenant in 1810, and commander in 1816.
He died October 10, 1818.
GAMBRELL, JAMES BRUETON, jour
nalist, college president, was born Aug.
21, 1841, in Anderson county, S. C. In
1877 he became editor of the Baptist Rec
ord, which position he filled for fifteen
years. In 1893 he was elected president
of Mercer university of Macon, Ga.
GAMMELL, WILLIAM, educator, au
thor, was born Feb. 10, 1812, in Medfield,
Mass. He was an educator of Rhode Isl
and, and professor at Brown university
in 1835-64. He was the author of Life of
Roger Williams; and History of American
Baptist Missions. He died in 1889.
GANESVOORT, PETER, soldier, was
born July 17, 1749, in Albany, N. Y. He
served in the revolutionary war, and in
1781 the state of New York appointed
him brigadier-general. He died in 1812
in Albany, N. Y.
GANNAWAY, WILLIAM TRIGG, edu
cator, college president, was born June 10,
1825, in Virginia. In 1857 he was elected
professor of Greek and Latin in Trinity
college, and in 1863 was chosen president.
GANNETT, BARZILLA, congressman.
He served four years in the state legisla
ture, and was a representative in congress
from Massachusetts from 1809 to 1811.
GANNETT, EZRA STILES, clergyman,
author, was born May 4, 1801, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He was a Unitarian clergy
man of prominence in Boston for many
years, who published a great number of
single sermons and addresses. He died
Aug. 26, 1871.
GANNETT, GEORGE, clergyman, edu
cator, was born Oct. 29, 1819, in East
Bridgewater, Mass. He devoted himself
to the education of women; established a
school in Boston, where it became known
as Gannett institute.
GANNETT, HENRY, topographer, au
thor, was born in 1846 in Maine. He has
been chief topographer of the United
States geological survey since 1882, and is
the author of Boundaries of the United
States; The Building of a Nation; Dic
tionary of Altitudes in the United States;
Results of Primary Triangulation; Man
ual of Topographical Methods; and Geo
graphic Dictionaries of Massachusetts,
Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Jersey.
GANNETT, WILLIAM CHANNING,
clergyman, author, poet, was born in 1840.
He is a Unitarian clergyman of Minneap
olis, and subsequently of Rochester, N. Y.,
and the author of A Year of Miracle, a
poem in Four Sermons; Memoir of E. S.
Gannett; and The Thought of God in
Hymns and Poems.
GANNETT, WILLIAM HENRY, jour
nalist, was born Feb. 10, 1854, in Augusta,
Maine. He commenced in 1888 the publi
cation of The Comfort, a family paper of
Augusta, Maine.
GANNON, MARY, actress, was born
Oct. 8, 1829, in New York city. For years
she played child's parts, and later ap
peared in medley performances that in
volved song, dance and rapid changes of
character. She died Feb. 22, 1868, in New
York city.
GANNON, THOMAS JOSEPH, college
president, lecturer, was born July 14,
1853, in Cambridge, Mass. In 1891 ae was
appointed president of St. John's college
of Fordham, N. Y.
GANNT, E. W., lawyer, congressman,
author, was born March 17, 1832, in Ten-
nesgee. He was elected a representative
from Arkansas in congress in 1860, but
does not appear to have taken his seat. In
1873 he prepared a digest of the laws of
Arkansas, and soon afterwards was ap
pointed commissioner to the centennial
exhibition. He died June 10, 1874.
GANO, JOHN, clergyman, was born
July 22, 1727, in Hopewell, N. J. In 1762
the First BaptiBt church in New York was
organized, and he became its pastor and
continued successfully in this relation for
twenty-six years. He died in 1804 near
Lexington, Ky.
GANO, STEPHEN FRANKLIN, physi
cian, surgeon, was born April 2, 1807, in
Georgetown, Ky. In 1837 he was elected
to the legislature, and again in 1847, and
in 1862. He acted as surgeon of the sev
enth district of Kentucky during the civil
war.
GANONG, JANE K., poet, was born
Aug. 26. 1835, in Carmel, N. Y. She has
contributed extensively to current litera
ture, and her poems have been given a
place in several standard collections.
GANSE, HERVEY DODDRIDGE, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 7, 1822, in
Fishkill, N. Y. In 1883 he became first
secretary of the presbyterian board of aid
for colleges and academies, in Chicago,
111. He is the author of Bible Slave-hold
ing not Sinful.
GANSEVOORT, HENRY SANFORD,
soldier, lawyer, was born Dec. 15, 1834, in
Albany, N. Y. In 1865 he was promoted to
brigadier-general. He died in 1871.
UKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPKDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
391
GANSEVOORT, LEONARD, congress
man, was born in 1751 in Albany, N. Y.
He was a delegate from New York to the
continental congress in 1787 and 1788. He
died in 1810, in Albany, N. Y.
GANSEVOORT, PETER, soldier, was
born July 17, 1749, in Albany, N. Y.
He was commissioner of Indian affairs;
military agent, and in 1809 was made a
brigadier-general in the United States
army. He died July 2, 1812. in Albany,
N. Y.
GANSON, JOHN, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Jan. 1, 1818,
in Le Roy, N. Y. He was a member of
the state legislature in 1862: and was
elected a representative from New York
to the thirty-eighth congress. He died
Sept. 28, 1874, in Buffalo, N. Y.
GANTZ, MARTIN K., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 28, 1862, in Bethel.
Ohio. He was elected mayor of the city
of Troy; and was elected to the fifty-sec
ond congress as a democrat.
GARARD, LOUIS FORD, soldier, law
yer, legislator, was born Nov. 25, 1847, in
Columbus, Ga. He served as a private in
the civil war. He was a member of the
Georgia legislature in 1878-81, and framed
the famous baby bond bill.
CAREER, SILAS, governor. He was
governor of Nebraska from 1875 to 1879.
GARCELON, -ALONZO, physician, sur
geon, governor, was born in 1813 in Maine.
He served in the house of representatives
of the Maine legislature, and was surgeon-
general on the staff of the governor of
Maine during the civil war. He was an
unsuccessful candidate for congress in
1868 and for governor in 1878. There hav
ing been no choice for governor at the
election in 1878, he was elected to that
office by the state legislature.
GARD, ERNEST CHAPIN, journalist,
poet, was born March 22, 1857, in Ring-
gold county, Iowa. In 1880 he was ad
mitted to the bar, but preferred literary
pursuits. In 1884 he established the Gosh-
en Gazette; four years later moved to
Colorado, where he established the Her
ald at Palmer Lake, and in 1891 he found
ed the Cripple Creek Crusher. He has
contributed extensively to the Denver
daily newspapers, and is the author of a
collection of humorous articles entitled
Life's Panorama.
GARDEN, ALEXANDER, clergyman,
author, was born about 1685 in Scotland.
He was an episcopal clergyman of
Charleston remembered for his vigorous
opposition to Whitefield. He was the au
thor of Six Letters to the Reverend
George Whitefield; and Two Sermons. He
died Sept. 27, 1756, in Charleston, S. C.
GARDEN. ALEXANDER, naturalist,
author, was born about 1728 in Scotland.
He is a botanical writer of Charleston for
whom Linnaeus named the genus Gar
denia. He went to England as a loyalist
in 1783, and became vice-president of the
Royal society. He died April 15, 1791, in
London, England.
GARDEN, ALEXANDER, soldier, au
thor, was born Dec. 4, 1757, in Charles
ton, S. C. He was an officer in the Ameri
can army during the revolution, and the
author of Anecdotes of the Revolutionary
War. He died Feb. 28, 1829, in Charles
ton. S. C.
GARDENIER, BARENT, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1807 to 1811.
GARDENIER, WILSON H., educator,
lawyer, was born Sept. 26, 1838, in Mid-
dletown, N. Y. He received his educa
tion at the Falley
seminary of Fulton,
Oswego, N. Y. Dur
ing the war he
raised a company of
volunteers and gave
•«• ., his assistance to the
I Union. During 1865-
I 66 he was principal
^^^nKT^^^ of one of the public
Bf^s^fl I schools in Oswego.
I He was admitted to
^prfl^l I the bar in 1864 and
has attained success
as a lawyer of Oswego, N. Y.
GARDINER, ADDISON, lawyer, jurist,
was born March 19, 1797, in Rindge, N. H.
In 1844 and 1846 he was lieutenant-gov
ernor of New York, but resigned his office
in the latter year, having been elected a
judge of the court of appeals. He died
June 5, 1883, in Rochester, N. Y.
GARDINER, FREDERICK, clergyman,
author, was born in 1822 in Maine. He
was an episcopal clergyman, professor in
the Berkeley Divinity school at Middle-
town from 1869, and the author of The
Island of Life, an Allegory; Commentary
on Epistle of Jude; Harmony of the Four
Gospels in Greek; Harmony of the Four
Gospels in English; Diatessaron; The
Principles of Textual Criticism; The Old
and New Testaments in their Mutual Re
lations, and Aids to Scripture Study.
GARDINER, JAMES TERRY, civil en
gineer, was born May 6, 1842, in Troy, N.
Y. From 1876 till 1886 he was director of
the state survey of New York, and from
1880 till 1886 a member of the New York
state board of health.
GARDINER. JOHN, legislator, lawyer,
was born in 1731 in Boston, Mass. He
moved to Pownalboro', Maine, and repre
sented that town in the Massachusetts
legislature until his death. He died Oct.
15, 1793, in Cape Ann, Mass.
GARDINER, JOSEPH WARREN, law
yer, jurist, poet, was born March 2, 1836,
in North Kingstown, R. I. He studied
medicine for two
years and subse
quently engaged in
educational work.
He has lived in vari
ous states of the
Union; has published
several newspapers,
and was the editor
and owner of the
Dixie Optic of Jeffer
son, N. C. In 1869
he was admitted to
the bar, and has at
tained success as a lawyer of Brewster,
Neb., where he has been prosecuting at
torney, and a successful judge. He has
served as United States pension agent and
has filled various public positions of
honor. He has contributed extensively
both prose and verse to the periodical
press, and many of his poems have been
incorporated into standard works.
GARDINER, MILLS, lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Jan. 30, 1830,
in Russellville, Ohio. He was prosecut
ing attorney for Fayette county for four
years; a state senator from 1862 to 1864;
and a presidential elector in 1864. He was
a representative in the legislature from
1866 to 1868; a member of the state con
stitutional convention in 1873; and was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
forty-fifth congress.
GARDINER, SYLVESTER, physician,
pioneer, was born June 29, 1707, in South
Kingston, R. I. He became proprietor of
a part of Plymouth purchase on the Ken-
nebeck river. About the middle of the
century he colonized it with Germans,
and settled ihe town of Pittston, from
which the present city of Gardiner, Maine,
was afterward set off. He died Aug. 8.
1786, in Newport.
GARDNER, AUGUSTUS KINSLEY,
physician, author, was born July 13, 1812.
in Roxbury, Mass. He was a physician
of New York city, and the author of The
French Metropolis; Causes of Sterility;
Conjugal Sins; Our Children; a Handbook
for Parents; Old Wine in New Bottles;
Ships and Shipbuilders of New York; and
translation of Scanonzi's Diseases of Fe
males. He died April 7, 1876, in New York
city.
GARDNER, CHARLES KITCHELL,
soldier, author, was born in 1787 in Mor
ris county, N. J. He was a United States
army officer who was postmaster of Wash
ington in President Folk's administration.
He was the author of Dictionary of Unit
ed States Army Commissioned Officers
from 1789 to 1853; Compendium of Mili
tary Tactics; and Permanent Designation
of Companies, and lesser works. He died
in 1869.
GARDNER, CHARLES L., lawyer, leg
islator, was born May 27, 1839, in Cum-
mington, Mass. He has attained success
as a prominent lawyer in Palmer, Mass.
In 1875-76 he was a representative in the
Massachusetts state legislature and in
1878-79 was a state senator. He has been
United States revenue assessor, and dis
trict attorney since 1892.
GARDNER, DENNIS J., educator, law
yer, banker, was born Feb. 26, 1853, in
Platteville, Wis. He has been vice-presi
dent of board of regents of normal schools
of Wisconsin and president of the State
bank of Platteville.
GARDNER, DORSEY, journalist, au
thor, was born Aug. 1, 1842, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a journalist of New
York city who was one of the revisers of
the Webster International Dictionary. He
was the author of Quatre Bras, Ligny.
and Waterloo; and Condensed Etymologi
cal Dictionary of the English Language.
He died in 1894.
GARDNER, ELIZABETH JANE, artist,
was born in 1842 in Exeter, N. H. Her
specialty is ideal figure-pieces. Among
her important works are Cornelia and Her
Jewels; Cinderella; Corinne; Moses in the
Bulrushes; and Maud Muller. The For
tune Teller and Corinne received a medal
at the Philadelphia exhibition of 1876.
GARDNER, EUGENE C., architect, au
thor, was born in 1836 in Massachusetts.
He is an architect of Springfield, Mass.,
and the author of Homes and All About
Them; The House that Jill Built; Homes
and How to Make Them; Illustrated
Homes; Home Interiors; Common Sense
in Church Building; and Town and Coun
try School Buildings.
GARDNER, FRANCIS, congressman,
was born Dec. 27, 1771, in Leominster,
Mass. He was a representative in con
gress from New Hampshire from 1807 to
1809. He died June 25, 1835, in Roxbury,
Mass.
GARDNER, GIDEON, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1809 to 1811.
GARDNER, HENRY, statesman, was
born about 1730 in Stowe, Mass. He
served in the congresses of February and
May, 1775, which met in Watertown.
Mass., and was chosen treasurer of the
province by the first congress. He died
in 1782 in Boston, Mass.
MKKKIN<;SHAW8 KNCVCLOl'KLMA OF A.MKUICAN HIOGKAl'HY
GARDNER. HENRY J., governor. He
was governor of Massachusetts from the
year 1855 to 1858.
GARDNER, JOHN J., soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Oct. 17, 1845,
in Atlantic county, .N. J. He served three
years in the civil war. He was a member
of the New Jersey state senate fifteen
years, from 1878 to 1893; and was elected
to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth con
gresses and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
GARDNER, JOHN LANE, soldier, was
horn Aug. 1, 1793, in Boston, Mass. In
1813 he was appointed lieutenant of in
fantry; was brevetted colonel, and in
1865 was brevetted brigadier-general. He
died Feb. 19, 1869, in Wilmington, Del.
GARDNER. JOSEPH, congressman, was
born in 1752 in Chester county, Pa. He
was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
continental congress in 1784 and 1785. He
died in 1794 in Elkton, Md.
GARDNER, SAMUEL JACKSON, law
yer, journalist, was born in 1788 in
Rrookline, Mass. He was a lawyer of
Boston, and subsequently a journalist of
Newark, N. J., whose essays over the sig
nature Decius were issued in book form
with the title Autumn Leaves. He died
.July 14, 1864, in White Mountain, N. J.
GARDNER. THOMAS, soldier, was
liorn in 1724 in Cambridge, Mass. In
1775 he raised a regiment according to
the instructions of the provincial con
gress, and was commissioned its colonel.
He died June 18. 1775, in Boston, Mass.
GARFIELD, JAMES ABRAM. twenti
eth president of the United States, was
born Nov. 19, 1831, in Cuyahoga county.
Ohio. He learned
the carpenter's trade
at the age of four
teen; attended Geau-
ga seminary, Hiram
college, and gradu
ated at Williams col
lege, Massachusetts,
in 1856, and earned
the necessary money
at his trade and
teaching school. He
then became profes
sor in Hiram college,
and in 1857 was made its president. He
married Miss Lucretia Rudolph in 1858.
In 1859 he was elected state senator. Stud
ied law and was admitted to the bar in
1861. Enlisted Aug. 16, 1861, and Sept. 5
was commissioned colonel of the forty-
second Ohio infantry. On Jan. 10, 1862, he
was promoted to the rank of brigadier-
general, and afterward to that of major-
general. Having been elected to congress
in 1862, while absent in the field, he re
signed his commission in the army upon
taking his seat in congress in December.
1863. He was re-elected eight times in
succession, and was finishing his eight
eenth year when elected president. In
January, 1880, the Ohio legislature elected
him United States senator for six years
from March 4, 1881. The republican na
tional convention met at Chicago June 2,
1880. General Garfield headed the Ohio
delegation, and presented the name of
John Sherman as a candidate for presi
dent. The first ballot was taken June 7,
and stood: U. S. Grant, 304; James G.
IJlaine, 284; John Sherman, 93; George
V. Edmunds, 34; Elihu B. Washburne, 30,
and William Windom, 10 votes. On the
third ballot Garfield received one vote,
and from one to two on each succeeding
l>allot up to the thirty-third, except five
ballots, when he received none. The bal
loting continued until June 8. On the
thirty-fourth ballot Garfield got 17 votes.
The thirty-fifth stood: Grant, 213; Blaine,
257; Sherman, 99; Edmunds, 11; Wash-
Imrne, 23; Windom, 3, and Garfield, 50.
The thirty-sixth and last vote gave Gar-
field, 399; Grant, 307; Blaine, 42; Wash
burne, 5, and Sherman, 3. After an ad
journment, Chester A. Arthur, who was
also a delegate to the convention, was
nominated for vice-president. They were
elected Nov. 4. Garfield was then repre
sentative in congress, United States sena
tor-elect and president-elect. Nov. 8 he
resigned his seat in congress, declined the
office of senator, and remained at his
home at Mentor, Ohio, until his inaugura
tion, March 4, 1881. On July 2 he was
shot by Charles J. Guiteau in a railroad
depot in Washington. He was removed
to Long Branch, N. J., Sept. 6, where he
died from the effects of the wound Sept.
19, 3881. He held political offices about
twenty-one years, and died poor.
GARFIELD, LUCRETIA RUDOLPH,
was born April 19, 1832, in Hiram, Ohio.
She first met her husband, James A. Gar-
field, when both were students at Hiram.
Ohio, and was married Nov. 11, 1858, in
Hudson, Ohio, soon after his accession
to the presidency of the college.
GARFIELDE, SELUCIUS, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Dec. 8,
1822, in Shoreham, Vt. He emigrated to
California in 1851; was elected a member
of the legislature of that state in 1852, and
in 1853 was selected to codify the laws of
the state. He removed to Washington
territory in 1857, where he filled the posi
tion of receiver of public moneys in 1860:
was surveyor-general from 1866 to 1869:
and was elected a delegate to the forty-
first congress and re-elected to the forty-
second congress as a republican. He died
April 13, 1883, in Washington, D. C.
GARLAND. AUGUSTUS HILL, was
born June 11, 1832, in Tipton county,
Tenn. He served in the confederate con
gress, and subsequently was chosen to the
United States senate, but refused admis
sion. In 1874 he was for a short time act
ing secretary of state of Arkansas, and
was elected governor of that state in 1874.
In 1876 he was elected United States sena
tor from Arkansas for the term of six
years from 1877, and was re-elected for
another term in 1882. In 1885 he was ap
pointed attorney-general of the United
States in the cabinet of President Cleve
land.
GARLAND. DAVID S., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia, from 1809 to 1811. He died in
October, 1841.
GARLAND. HAMLIN, author, was born
in 1860 in Wisconsin. He is a novelist
who was for some years a resident of
Boston, and then returned to the Western
states. He is the author of Main Trav
eled Roads: A Spoil of Office; Prairie
Folks; Prairie Songs; Crumbling Idols;
Rose of Dutcher's Coolly; and Little
Norsk.
GARLAND, HUGH A., lawyer, author,
was born June 1, 1805, in Nelson county,
Va. He was professor of Greek in the
Hampden Sidney
college for five years,
studied law, and
came to the bar in
1841; and served
five years in the state
legislature. Two
books which h e
published, the Lives
of John Randolph
and Thomas Jeffer
son, were eminently
successful. He died
Oct. 15, 1854, in St.
Louis, Mo., greatly mourned by the pub
lic of that city.
GARLAND, HUGH A., soldier, lawyer
He joined the confederate army, was made
a colonel, participated in the actions be
tween the forces of Generals Hood and
Thomas in middle Tennessee, and fell
at Franklin. Tenn., while leading his com
mand. He died Nov. 30, 1864, in Franklin.
Tenn.
GARLAND, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state, from
1845 to 1847.
GARLAND, JAMES GRAY, inventor,
was born March 31, 1827, in Saco, Maine
He is a cotton mill manager and the in
ventor of original and first system of at
mosphere moistening for textile manufac
turing, a system which is in use in Ameri
ca, Europe and India.
GARLAND, JOHN, soldier, was born in
1792 in New York. He served through the
war with Great Britain, and attained the
full rank of major in 1836, and that of
lieutenant-colonel in 1839. He died June
5, 1861, in New York city.
GARLAND, LANDON CABELL, edu
cator, author, was born March 21, 1810.
in Nelson county, Va. He is a mathe
matician who held professorships in sev
eral southern colleges, and published Trig
onometry, Plane and Spherical.
GARLAND, RICE, jurist, congressman.
was born in Virginia. He removed to
Louisiana, and was a representative in
congress from that state, from 1834 to
1840. He resigned to become judge of the
superior court of Louisiana.
GARLAND, SAMUEL, soldier, was born
Dec. 16, 1830, in Lynchburg, Va. He
was chosen captain of a volunteer com
pany that was organized in 1859; was
commissioned a colonel by the governor
of Virginia on the secession of the state,
and was engaged at the first battle of
Bull Run. He died Sept. 14, 1862, in
South Mountain, Md.
CARMAN, SAMUEL, naturalist, au
thor, was born June 5, 1846, in Indiana
county. He is a naturalist of Cambridge,
assistant in the Agassiz museum there,
and the author of The Reptiles and Batra-
chians of North America; and Reptiles
and Batrachians of Bermuda.
GARNER, PETER M., abolitionist, edu
cator was born Dec. 4. 1809, in Lancaster
county, Pa. From 1847 till 1860 he taught
in the Ohio penitentiary at Columbus, and
during the war had charge of the military
prisoners. He died June 12, 1868, in Col
umbus, Ohio.
GARNER, W. SCOTT, journalist, poet.
was born Jan. 16, 1848, in Preston county,.
W. Va. He has established and edited
several newspapers, and his poems have
appeared in the leading newspapers and
magazines of America.
GARNETT. ALEXANDER YELVER
TON PEYTON, physician, was born Sept.
20, 1820, in Essex county, Va. In 1861 he
left Washington and became a member
of the examining board of surgeons for
the confederate army, and afterward sur
geon in charge of the two military hos
pitals in Richmond. He died July 11, 1888.
in Rehoboth Beach, Del.
GARNETT, JAMES M., agriculturist,
congressman, was born June 8, 1770, in
Elmwood, Va. He was a member of the
legislature of his native state, and was a
representative in congress from Virginia,
from 1805 to 1809. He was president of
the Society of Fredericksburg for more
than twenty years, and toiled laboriously
for the formation of a National Agricul
tural society. He died in May, 1843, in
Elmwood, Va.
II KHIUNOSHAWS ENCTCtiOPEDIA I-IV AMKKICAN HU M iKAl'H V.
393
GARNETT, ML'SCOE RUSSELL HUN
TER, lawyer, congressman, was born in
Essex county, Va. He was a member of the
house of delegates in 1853-56. He was
eiected to the thirty-fifth congress as a
representative from Virginia, and was re-
elected to the thirty-sixth congress.
GARNETT, RICHARD BROOKE, sol
dier, was born in 1819 in Virginia. He
became a captain in 1855; was engaged
in Kansas in 1856-57, and in the Utah ex
pedition of 1858, and resigned in 1861 to
join the confederate army. He died July
3, 1863- in Gettysburg.
GARNETT, ROBERT SELDEN, lawyer,
congressman, was born in Essex county,
Va. He was a representative in congress
from that state from 1817 to 1827, being
re-elected four times. He died July 13,
1861, in Virginia.
GARNSEY, DANIEL G., congressman,
was born in Saratoga county, N. Y. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1825 to 1830.
GARRARD, JAMES, soldier, state legis
lator, governor, was born Jan. 14, 1749.
in Stafford county, Ky. He was an officer
of the revolution; afterward a member of
the legislature of Virginia, where he Was
an advocate of the religious freedom bill.
He was, for several terms, a member of
the Kentucky legislature, and was govern
or of Kentucky from 1796 to 1804. He
died Jan. 9, 1822, in Mount Lebanon, Ky.
GARRARD, KENNER, soldier, was born
in 1830 in Columbus, Ohio. He served as
instructor and commandant of cadets at
West Point. He served in the civil war,
and was brevetted major-general of the
United States army.
GARRARD, THEOPHILUS TOULMIN,
soldier, state senator, was born June 7.
1812, near Manchester, Ky. He was a
member of the lower house of the Ken
tucky legislature in 1843-44, and served
through the Mexican war. He was elected
to the state senate and served with dis
tinction.
GARRETSON, FREEBORN, clergyman,
was born Aug. 15, 1752, in Maryland. He
was eminently successful as a minister,
and preached in almost all the eastern
states from Nova Scotia to the Gulf of
Mexico. He died Sept. 26, 1827, in New
York.
GARRETSON, GARRET JAMES, law
yer, jurist, was born July 16, 1847, in
Newtown, N. Y. He has been surrogate of
Queens county, and for many years has
been justice of the supreme court of the
-state of New York.
GARRETSON, JAMES EDMUND, phy
sician, lecturer, author, was born Oct. 4,
1828, in Wilmington. Del. He is a phy
sician of Philadelphia, and dean of the
dental college there from 1879. He is the
author of System of Oral Surgery; Odd
Hours of a Physician; Thinkers and
Thinking; Two Thousand Years Ago;
Hours with John Darby; Brushland; and
Nineteenth Century Common Sense.
GARRETT, ABRAHAM E., soldier,
farmer, state senator, congressman, was
born March 6, 1830, in Overton. He was
elected to the legislature of Tennessee in
1865, and to the state senate in 1867. He
was elected to the forty-second congress
as a democrat.
GARRETT, ALEXANDER CHARLES,
bishop of Dallas, Texas, was born Nov.
1, 1832, in Ireland. He organized his mis
sionary jurisdiction as the diocese of
Dallas, and was elected the first bishop of
Dallas in 1895. The bishop's writings
include: Historical Continuity, a series
of sketches on the church; The Eternal
Sacrifice, and Other Sermons; and The
Philosophy of the Incarnation.
GARRETT, ANDREW, conchologist.
author, was born April 9, 1823, in Albany,
N. Y. He has explored many of the At
lantic and Pacific coasts of South Ameri
ca, the East and West Indies, and pub
lished the Andrew Garrett Fische d§ Sud-
see. He died Nov. 1, 1887.
GARRETT, EDMUND H., artist, author,
born Oct. 19, 1853, in Albany, N. Y. He
has devoted much time to illustration and
water color painting, and in 1890 received
a medal at Boston. He has edited im
portant collections of the Elizabethan
and Victorian poets, and translated nu
merous works from the French.
GARRETT, EMMA, educator, philan
thropist, was born in 1848. She attained
•A national reputation as an educator of
the deaf and dumb. She died in 1893.
GARRETT, JAMES G., soldier, edu
cator, journalist, lawyer, was born March
14, 1837, in Edgecombe county, N. C. He
graduated from the university of Alaba
ma in 1856; and the following year was
admitted to the bar. He has taught
school; was a soldier and officer in the
confederate army of northern Virginia in
1862-65; has been successfully engaged in
journalism, and is now a prominent law
yer of Birmingham, Ala.
GARRETT, JOHN WORK, railroad
president, was born July 31, 1820, in Bal
timore, Md. He took a great interest in
the development of the Baltimore and
Ohio railroad. He was elected one of its
directors in 1857, and was its president
from 1858 till his death. He died Sept.
26, 1884, in Deer Park, Md.
GARRETT, ROBERT, railroad presi
dent, was born April 9, 1847, in Baltimore.
Md. For many years he was president of
the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, resign
ing in 1887.
GARRETT. THOMAS, abolitionist, was
born Aug. 21, 1783, in JJpper Darby, Pa.
He assisted all fugitive slaves who ap
plied to him on their way to freedom. He
died Jan. 20, 1871, in Wilmington, Del.
GARRIGUES, HENRY JACQUES, edu
cator, physician, author, was born June
6, 1831, in Denmark. He is a Danish phy
sician who came to America in 1875, and
since 1886 has been professor of practical
obstetrics in the post-graduate medical
school of New York city. He is the au
thor of Gastro-hJlytrotomy; and Practical
Guide in Antiseptic Midwitery.
GARRIGUS, MILTON, soldier, educator,
lawyer, legislator, was born Sept. 27, 1831,
in Wayne county, Ind. For seventeen
terms he taught school, and in 1859-60
was school examiner, and also postmaster
at Greentown. During the war he served
with distinction — was captain and acting
adjutant on the staff of General Mason
of the regular army during 1864-65. He
was admitted to the bar in 1859, and since
1889 has been president of the Howard
County Bar association. For three years
he was superintendent of schools, and in
1878 was elected state senator, serving
with distinction for four years. He was
twice elected county auditor, his second
term of four years expiring in 1900. He
has been chairman of the republican
county committee for fifteen terms. He
is one of the Indiana commissioners to
erect monuments for Indiana troops on
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge and Look
out Mountain battlefields. He was twice
commander of his post of the Grand Army
of the Republic, and has been inspector-
general of Indiana.
GARRISON, CHARLES GRANT, phy
sician, lawyer, jurist, was born Aug. 3,
1849, in Swedesboro, N. J. He was made
judge advocate general of New Jersey in
1884, and in 1882 he was made chancellor
of the southern diocese of the protestant
episcopal church of New Jersey. He was
appointed to the supreme court bench in
1888 for a full term of seven years; and
was reappointed in 1895.
GARRISON, CORNELIUS KINGS-
LAND, capitalist, was born March 1, 1809.
at Fort Montgomery, N. Y. He was one
of the founders of the Gas Light com
pany of Chicago; chief organizer of the
Equitable Gas Light company of Balti
more; and president of the Missouri
Pacific railroad. He died May 1, 1885, in
New York city.
GARRISON, DANIEL, congressman,
was born in Salem county, N. J. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1823 to 1827.
GARRISON, GEORGE TANKARD, law
yer, jurist, state senator, congressman,
was born Jan. 14, 1835, in Accomac coun
ty, Va. He was a representative in the
state legislature and a state senator dur
ing the existence of the confederacy. He
was circuit judge from 1870 to 1880; and
was elected a representative from Vir
ginia to the forty-seventh congress; and
was re-elected to the forty-eighth con
gress as a democrat.
GARRISON, JAMES HARNEY, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born in 1842
in Missouri. He is a clergyman and ed
itor of religious journals; and the author
of Heavenward Way: and Alone with
God.
GARRISON, JOSEPH FITHIAN, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Jan
20, 1823, in Fairton, N. J. He was an
episcopal clergyman of Camden, N. J..
professor of canon law at the Philadelphia
Episcopal Divinity school for some years;
and the author of The Formation of the
Protestant Episcopal Church in the United
States; and The American Prayer Book
He died in 1892.
GARRISON. WILLIAM LLOYD, jour
nalist, philanthropist, author, poet, was
born Dec. 10, 1804, in Newburyport, Mass.
He was a very celebrated anti-slavery
journalist of Boston who established The
Liberator in 1831, and was its editor for
the thirty-five years of its existence.
He was the author of Thoughts on African
Colonization; and Sonnets and Other
Poems. He died May 24. 1879, in New
York city.
GARRISON, WILLIAM RE TALLACK.
financier, was born June 18, 1834, in Can
ada. He was for many years president of
the Metropolitan and New York railroad
of New York city.
GARRISON, WENDELL PHILLIPS, au
thor, editor, was born June 4, 1840, in
Cambridgeport, Mass. He is literary ed
itor of The Nation, New York; and the
author of Genealogy of the Berson Fam
ily of Newport, R. I.; Life of William
Lloyd Garrison: and also compiled Bed
side Poetry.
GARROW, NATHANIEL, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1827 to 1829.
GARTH, WILLIAM W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 28, 1827, in Mor
gan county, Ala. He was elected a repre
sentative from Alabama to the forty-fifth
congress.
GARTLAND. FRANCIS XAVIER, bish
op, was born in 1805, in Dublin, Ireland.
In 1850 he was consecrated the first Rom
an catholic bishop of Savannah. Ga. He
died Sept. 20, 1854.
GARTLIN, ALFRED, congressman, was
born in North Carolina. He was a repre
sentative in congress from North Caro
lina from 1823 to 1825.
HERRINUSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN UIOURAPHY.
GARTRELL, LUCIUS J., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Jan. 7, 1821, in
Wilkes county, Ga. In 1843 he was elected
by the general assembly of Georgia solic
itor-general of the northern judicial cir
cuit. He resigned in 1847, on being elect
ed a representative to the legislature; and
was re-elected in 1849. He was a presi
dential elector for the state of Georgia in
1856; and in 1857 was elected a repre
sentative in the thirty-fifth congress from
Georgia; and was re-elected to the thirty-
sixth congress.
GARVER, JOHN EDWARD, physician
and surgeon, was born Jan. 19, 1858, In
Sheldon, Vt. He graduated from the state
university of Iowa; and from the Chicago
Polyclinic institute. He has attained suc
cess in the profession of medicine at
Storm Lake, Iowa; and takes an active
part in the public affairs of his county
and state.
GARVIN, T. M., lawyer, legislator, was
born Aug. 1, 1854, in Ohio county, W. Va.
After receiving his education in Cleveland,
Ohio, he studied Spanish in Phillippe's
College of Languages of San Francisco,
Cal. He was one of the organizers of the
West Virginia Bar association. He has
compiled and published a book contain
ing all the commercial laws of the states
and territories; and for the past ten
years has delivered lectures each week to
the students of the Wheeling Business
college on commercial and international
law. In 1896 he was elected a member of
the West Virginia state legislature, and
served with distinction in that body.
GARVIN, WILLIAM S.. congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1845 to 1847.
GARY, ELBERT H., lawyer, jurist, was
born Oct. 8, 1846, near Wheaton, 111. He
attended the public schools and Wheaton
college; and in 1867 graduated from the
law department of the Chicago university.
He has been county judge for two terms;
president of the town of Wheaton for
three terms; and mayor of that city for
three terms. He has also been president
of the board of education; held the office
of state's attorney and various other pub
lic offices of honor; and was the presi
dent of the Chicago Bar association. He
\a a successful lawyer and general coun
sel for several railroads and other cor
porations.
GARY, FRANKLIN NEWMAN, soldier,
lawyer, was born Nov. 26, 1828, in South
Carolina. In i852 he graduated from
Maryville college, Tennessee. He became
district attorney of Tyler, Texas, and was
one of the best known lawyers in that
state. During the civil war he served as
captain in the twenty-third Texas in
fantry, C. S. A.; and died in 1886. His
son, Hanson Gary, is a successful lawyer
of Tyler, Texas.
GARY, GEORGE, clergyman, was born
Dec. 8, 1793, in Middlefield, N. Y. In 1836
he was transferred to the Black River
conference, and in 1844 was appointed
missionary superintendent of Oregon. He
died March 25, 1855.
GARY, JAMES ALBERT, manufacturer,
postmaster-general, was born Oct. 22, 1833,
in Uncasville, Conn. He became a part
ner with his father in the Alberton Cot
ton mills, located at Alberton, in 1861; his
father dying in 1870 he succeeded to the
head of the business, and has conducted it
since. He was confirmed as postmaster-
general March 5, 1897.
GARY, WILLIAM THEODORE, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, was born Oct. 10,
1841, in Cokesbury, S. C. He served as
first lieutenant of the South Carolina
college cadets in 1861, and was major in
the confederate army. During 1882-83 he
was a member of the general assembly
of Georgia; presidential elector in 1892;
and since 1893 has been United States at
torney.
GASKILL, FRANCIS ALMON, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 3, 1846, in Black-
stone, Mass. He was district attorney
of the Massachusetts middle district dur
ing 1887-95; and since that time has been
justice of the Massachusetts superior
court.
GASKILL, SILAS B., lawyer, jurist, was
born April 18, 1824, in Gainesville, N. Y.
He was a noted lawyer and jurist of La-
peer, Mich., where he died May 29, 1895.
GASTON, SAMUEL BURNS, farmer,
legislator, was born Dec. 19, 1855, near
Roanoke, Ala. He has taken a prom
inent part in the religious and social af
fairs of his community, and in 1892 and
again in 1896 represented his county in
the state democratic conventions. In 1896-
97 he served with distinction as a mem
ber of the Alabama state legislature. He
writes extensively for the periodical press,
and is a successful farmer of Wildwood.
Ala.
GASTON, WILIJAM, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 19, 1778, in
Newberne, N. C. He served a number of
years in the state
legislature, one term
as speaker; and was
a presidential elector
in 1808. He was a
represent a t i v e in
congress from North
Carolina from 1813
to 1817; and in 1834
was appointed judge
of the supreme court.
In 1835 he was a
member of the state
convention to amend
the constitution. He died Jan. 23, 1844.
GASTON, WILLIAM, lawyer, state leg
islator, state senator, governor, was born
Oct. 3, 1820, in South Killingly, Conn. He
was city solicitor of Roxbury, Mass., from
1856 till 1860, and mayor in 1861-62. He
was a member of the Massachusetts legis
lature in 1853-54 and 1856, and of the state
senate in 1868. He was elected governor
of Massachusetts in 1875.
GATES, HORATIO, soldier, was born
in 1728 in England. He was the first ad
jutant-general of the continental army,
and was made major-general in 1776. He
died in 1806 in New York.
GATES, MERRILL EDWARDS, edu
cator, college president, was born in 1848
in Warsaw, N. Y. In 1882 he became pres
ident of Rutgers college, and served eight
years, when he was elected to the presi
dency of Amherst college. He is presi
dent of the American Missionary associa
tion.
GATES, SETH MERRILL, lawyer, jour
nalist, congressman, was born Oct. 16,
1800, in Winfield, N. Y. He was elected to
the state legislature in 1832, declining a
re-election. In 1838 he purchased and be
came editor of the Le Roy Gazette. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the twenty-sixth congress, and
was re-elected to the twenty-seventh con
gress. He died Aug. 24. 1877, in Warsaw.
N. Y.
GATES, THOMAS, was one of the earli
est colonial governors of Virginia.
GATES, WILLIAM, soldier, was born
in 1788 in Massachusetts. He served in
the war with Mexico as colonel; and from
1846 till 1848 acted as governor of Tam-
pico, Mexico. He was brevetted briga
dier-general in 1865 for long and faithful
service. He died Oct. 7. 1868, in New
York.
CATLING, RICHARD JORDAN, in
ventor, was born Sept. 12, 1818, in Hert
ford county, N. C. Among his many In
ventions is a machine for sowing wheat
in drills, which is very popular in the
large wheat farms of the west. But his
greatest invention is the repeating ma
chine gun, known as the Galling gun,
which can be made to fire four hundred
shots per minute.
GAULT, FRANKLIN B., educator, col
lege president, was born May 2, 1851, in
Wooster, Ohio. He graduated from the
Cornell college of Mt. Vernon, Iowa. Dur
ing 1887-91 he was superintendent of
schools in Tama City, Iowa; and has
filled the same position in Mason City,
Iowa; in South Pueblo, Colo.; and
in Tacoma, Wash. Since 1892 he has
been the president of the university
of Idaho. He has been president of
the Idaho State Teachers' association;
and is a member of the leading education
al and scientific bodies in America.
GAULT, GILBERT WILLIAM, artist,
was born March 31, 1855, in Jersey City,
N. J. Among his works are Stories of
liberty to the Confined; Charging the
Battery; and Holding the Line at All
hazards, which received the first medal
of the American Art association.
GAITSE, LIICIEN COTESWORTH, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born Dec.
25, 1838, at Laurel Hill, N. C. He enlisted
in the infantry service of the confederate
army in 1861; and rose to the rank of
colonel. He returned to Jacksonport in
July, and resumed the practice of law.
In 1866 he served one term in the general
assembly. In 1874 he was elected to the
forty- fourth congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-fifth congress as a democrat.
GAUSE, OWEN B., educator, founder,
was born June, 1825, in Wilmington, Del.
He was one of the founders of the
Homoeopathic Medical society of Penn
sylvania, and was its president in 1869.
GAVENEY, JOHN C., lawyer, was born
June 30, 1863, in Arcadia, Wis. He grad
uated from the university of Wisconsin,
and has attained success as an able law
yer. For three terms he served with dis
tinction as mayor of his native city; and
was a member of the committee of the
Wisconsin Semi-Centennial exposition.
GAWLEY, ECCLES W., physician, sur
geon, was born Nov. 20, 1850, in Ireland.
He received his education at the Michigan
university and from the Detroit Medical
college. He is a successful physician and
surgeon of Anamosa, Iowa; has been
secretary of the board of pension exam
iners; and has filled various other po
sitions of honor.
GAY, EBEN HOWARD, banker, author,
was born in 1858 in Massachusetts. He is
a banker of Boston who has published A
Treatise on Municipal Bonds.
GAY, EBENEZER, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 26, 1696, in Dedham, Mass.
He was a Unitarian clergyman of Hing-
ham from 1718 until his death; and the
author of The Old Man's Calendar, a ser
mon preached on his eighty-fifth birth
day, which went through several editions
in America and England, and was trans
lated into several continental languages.
He died in 1787 in Hingham, Mass.
GAY, EDWARD J., merchant, manu
facturer, congressman, was born Feb. 3,
isiti. in Liberty, Va. In 1883, upon the
foundation- of the Louisiana Sugar ex
change, at New Orleans, he was elected
its first president; and in 1884 was elect
ed a representative from Louisiana to the
forty-ninth congress, and received the re
election to the fiftieth congress a« a demo
crat.
HERRINOSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
39f>
GAY, MARTIN, physician, chemist, was
born Feb. 16, 1803, in Boston, Mass. He
had a high reputation as an analytical
chemist, and his frequent testimony as a
witness in courts of justice, in cases of
death by poisoning, marks an era in the
history of medical jurisprudence in this
country. He died Jan. 12, 1850, in Hing-
ham, Mass.
GAY, SYDNEY HOWARD, journalist,
author, was born in 1814 in Hingham.
Mass. He was a journalist of New York
and Chicago, and during the civil war the
managing editor of the New York Tri
bune. He was the author of Life of James
Madison; and Bryant and Gay's Popular
History of the United States, of which the
preface only was the work of Mr. Bryant.
He died June 25, 1888, in New Brighton,
N. Y.
GAY, WALTER, artist, was born Jan.
22, 1856, in Hingham, Mass. His Fall
Flowers was exhibited at the Philadelphia
Centennial exhibition. His works include
The Trained Pigeons; Troubles of a
Bachelor; The Knife-Grinder; Conspir
acy under Louis XVI; The Spinners; The
Weaver; and Richelieu.
GAYARRE, CHARLES E. A., lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, author, was
born Jan. 3, 1805, in Louisville, Ky. In
IhiiO he was elected to the legislature; in
1831 was appointed deputy attorney-gen
eral; and in 1833 presiding judge of the
city court of New Orleans. In 1835 he was
elected a senator in congress. In 1843 he
was again returned to the state legisla
ture; and in 1846 was appointed secretary
of state, in which capacity he served seven
years. His leading works are History of
Louisiana; Romance of the History of
Louisiana; Spanish Domination in Louis
iana; a dramatic novel called The School
of Politics; and a work on The Influence
of the Mechanic Arts. He died in 1895.
GAYLE, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, governor, was born Sept. 11, 1792, in
Sumter, S. C. In 1817 he was appointed a
member of the territorial legislature; and
in 1823 was elected judge of the supreme
court of the state. In 1829 he was elected
to the state legislature, and was speaker
of the house. In 1831 he was elected gov
ernor, and re-elected in 1833. In 1847 he
was elected from Mobile county a repre
sentative in congress: and in 1849 was
appointed judge of the United States dis
trict court of Alabama. He died July 21.
1859, near Mobile, Ala.
GAYLER, CHARLES, dramatist, au
thor, was born April 1, 1820, in New York
city. He was a dramatist of New York
city, among whose many plays are, The
Gold Hunters; Taking the Chances; Fritz.
Among his various novels are The Ro
mance of a Poor Young Man; and Out
of the Streets, both of which were drama
tized by their author. He died in 1892.
GAYLORD, FRED, engineer, state leg
islator, was born Sept. 2, 1860, in Ottum-
wa, Iowa. For many years he was en
gaged as an engineer
and railroad con
tractor in Nebraska:
and subsequently be
came superintendent
of the gas works of
Kearney, Neb. In
1887 he was elected a
member of the Ne
braska state legisla
ture, and has served
on various important
committees. He has
also filled various lo
cal offices of honor in his city, county and
state.
GAYLORD, JAMES M., congressman,
was born in Ohio. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1851 to 1853.
GAZLEY, JAMES W., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1823 to 1825.
GAZZAM, JOSEPH M., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Dec. 2, 1842, in Pittsburg.
Pa. He received a thorough education
and graduated from
the Western univer
sity of Pennsylvania.
He has attained suc
cess as one of the
foremost lawyers of
his native state, and
now has a large
practice in Philadel
phia. For many
years he held vari
ous high offices in
the city of Pittsburg,
and served as a
member of the city council. He has
served with distinction in the state sen
ate of the Pennsylvania legislature. He is
president of the Quaker City National
bank, and an officer or director in thirty
different companies.
GEAR, JOHN HENRY, merchant, gov
ernor. United States senator, was born
April 7, 1825, in Ithaca, N. Y. He moved
to Burlington in 1843, where he engaged
in merchandising. He was a member of
the Iowa house of representatives of the
fourteenth, fifteenth and sixteenth gen
eral assemblies of the state, serving as
speaker for the last two terms. He was
elected governor of Iowa in 1878-79, and
again in 1880-81. He was elected to
the fiftieth and fifty-first congresses;
was assistant secretary of the treas
ury; and was elected to the fifty-
third congress as a republican. He was
elected in 1894 a senator in congress from
the state of Iowa for six years, beginning
March 4, 1895.
GEARY. EDWARD RATCHFORD, sol
dier, was born Sept. 14, J845, in West
moreland county, Pa. He became captain
of Hampton battery, and subsequently a
lieutenant in Knapp's battery, which post
he held at the time of his death. He died
Oct. 30, 1863.
<;KARY, JOHN WHITE, soldier, gov
ernor, was born Dec. 30, 1819, near Mount
Pleasant, Pa. In 1849 he removed to Cali
fornia, and was post
master of San Fran
cisco; and was first
alcalde of that city,
and its first mayor.
He was governor of
Kansas; and in 1861
returned to Pennsyl
vania and raised and
equipped the twenty-
eighth Pennsylvania
vojunteers. He com
manded in several
engagements in that
year; occupied Leesburg, Va., in 1862;
and was brigadier-general of volunteers
in 1862. He was appointed military
governor of Savannah on its capture in
1864; and was' chosen governor of Penn
sylvania in 1867. He died Feb. 8, 1873, in
Harrisburg, Pa.
GEARY, THOMAS .1., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 18, 1854, in Boston.
Mass. He was elected district attorney of
Sonoma county in 1882, and served two
years. He was elected as a democrat and
American to the fifty-first congress to fill
a vacancy; and was elected to the fifty-
second congress and re-elected to the
fifty-third congress as a democrat and
American.
GEBHARD, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Claverack, N. Y. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New York
from 1821 to 1823.
GEDDES, GEORGE, engineer, state sen
ator, was born Feb. 14, 1809, in Fairmont.
N. Y. He was a member of the senate of
the state of New York in 1847, and re-
elected in 1849. He had charge of lower
ing the canal of Seneca river, from 185K
till 1856. He died Oct. 8, 1883, in New
York.
GEDDES, GEORGE W., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born July 16, 1824, in
Mount Vernon, Ohio. He was judge of
the court of common pleas for the sixth
judicial district from 1856 to 1866, and
again from 1868 to 1873. He was elected a
representative from Ohio to the forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth, and
forty-ninth congresses as a democrat.
GEDDES, JAMES, manufacturer, jurist,
congressman, was born July 22, 1763, in
Carlisle, Pa. He was elected a magis
trate in 1804, and in 1821 was in the state
legislature. In 1809 he was an associate
county justice; and in 1812 judge of the
common pleas. He was a representative
in congress from New York from 1813 to
1815. In 1822 he was appointed chief en
gineer of the Ohio canal; and in 1827 as
sisted in locating the Chesapeake and
Ohio canal, as well as the Pennsylvania
canal. He died Aug. 19, 1838, in Onon-
daga county, N. Y.
GEDDES, JAMES LORRAINE, soldier,
was born March 19, 1827, in Scotland. In
1857 he emigrated to Iowa: and there en
gaged in educational work. During the
civil war he served gallantly in the union
army, and was promoted a brigadier-gen
eral. He died Feb. 21, 1887, in Ames.
Iowa.
GEDDES, JOHN, governor, was born
about 1773 in Charleston, S. C. He was
governor of South Carolina from 1818 to
1820; and speaker of the South Carolina
house of representatives. He died March
5, 1828, in Charleston, S. C.
GEDDES, NORMAN, lawyer, jurist,
public official, was born April 14, 1823, in
Livonia, N. Y. He has been justice of
the peace of Adrian, Mich.; mayor of his
city; and for nine years judge of pro
bate for his county.
GEDNEY. JONATHAN HAIGHT, in
ventor, was born Feb. 25, 1798, in Rye.
N. Y. He invented the wooden cogs used
in the cotton manufactories. He died
Aug. 7, 1886, in Mamaronock, N. Y.
GEE. JOSHUA, clergyman, author, was
born June 29, 1698, in Boston, Mass. He
is the author of a Sermon on the Death of
Cotton Mather; and two discourses en
titled The Strait Gate and the Narrow
Way Infinitely Preferable to the Wide
Gate and the Broad Way. He died May
22, 1748, in Boston, Mass.
GEER, GEORGE JARVIS. clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 24, 1821, in Water-
bury, Conn. He was an episcopal clergy
man, long rector of St. Timothy's church
of New York city, and the author of The
Conversion of St. Paul, a series of Dis
courses. He died March 16, 1885, in New-
York.
GEER, WALTER, lawyer, manufactur
er, was born Aug. 19, 1857, in Williams-
town, Mass. In 1886 he was elected presi
dent of the newly organized New York
Architectural Terra-Cotta company.
GEIGER, LEVI, lawyer, jurist, was
born March 14, 1824, in Greencastle, Pa.
He is a prominent lawyer of Urbana.
Ohio; has been prosecuting attorney for
Champaign county; and for five years
was judge of the court of common pleas.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA. OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GEIS, BENJAMIN F., lawyer, was born
April 27, 1860, in Blairsville. Pa. He re-
<-eived his education at St. Vincent's and
Iron City college. Pa. He has attained
success as an eminent lawyer of Glenn
<-ounty, Cal. ; has been city attorney of
Willows for several years; and served
with distinction as district attorney of
his county.
GEISSENHAINER. JACOB AUGUS
TUS, lawyer, congressman, was born in
New York city. He commenced the prac
tice of law in 1863 in New York city. He
was elected to the fifty-first and fifty-
second congresses and re-elected to the
tifty-third congress as a democrat.
GEIST, JACOB M. W.. journalist, was
born Dec. 14, 1824. in I^ancaster county,
Pa. In 1877 he founded The New Era of
Lancaster, Pa.
GEMTJNDER. GEORGE, violinmaker.
author, was born April 13, 1816, in Ger
many. He is a violinmaker who came to
America from Wurtemberg in 1847, and
settled in New York city in 1852. He
published Progress in Violin-Making.
GENIN, JOHN NICHOLAS, merchant,
author, was born Oct. 19, 1819, in New
York city. He was a noted hatter of New
York city who wrote a History of the Hat
from the Earliest Stages. He died April
:<0. 1878, in New York city.
GENTH, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, ed
ucator, author, was born May 17, 1820, in
Germany. HP was a professor of chemis
try at the university of Pennsylvania from
1872; and was the author of Ammonia
Cobalt Bases: Minerals of North Caro
lina; and First and Second Preliminary
Reports on the Mineralogy of Pennsyl
vania. He died in 1893.
GENTRY, MEREDITH POINDEXTER,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 15,
1809, in Rookinghani county, N. C. He
was elected to the
legislature of Ten
nessee in 1835 and
1837; was a repre
sentative in c o n -
gress from that state
from 1839 to 1843,
and from 1845 to
1853. He took part
in the rebellion as a
member of the con
federate congress.
He died Nov. 2, 1866,
in Rockingham
' ounty, N. C. His death was greatly de
plored in his state.
GENUNG, JOHN FRANKLIN, educat
or, author, was born in 1850 in New York.
He is a professor at Amherst college; and
the author of A Study of In Memoriam:
The Epic of the Inner Life, an annotated
Translation of Job; Practical Elements of
Rhetoric; and The Study of Rhetoric in
College Courses.
GEORGE, CHARLES H., merchant,
hanker, was born July 14, 1839, in Fox-
horo, Mass. In 1880 he was elected presi
dent of the Roger Williams National
hank; for several years was president
of the Providence board of trade; and is
now president of the mercantile house of
Charles H. George and Company.
GEORGE, ENOCH, methodist episcopal
hishop, was born in 1767 in Lancaster
county, Va. In 1816 he was elected and
ordained a bishop, in which office he
served with zeal and effectiveness for
twelve years. He died in August, 1828, in
Staunton, Va.
GEORGE. HENRY, journalist, author,
was born Sept. 2, 1839, in Philadelphia.
Pa. He was a candidate for mayor of
New York in 1897, but died a few days
prior to the election. His works are:
Progress and Poverty; Our Land and
Land Policy; The Subsidy Question anil
the Democratic Party; Protection or Free
Trade; The Irish Land Question; The
Land Question; and Social Problems.
GEORGE, JAMES ZACHARIAH. sol
dier, lawyer. United States senator, was
born Oct. 20, 1826. in Monroe county, Ga.
He was a captain in the twentieth regi
ment of Mississippi volunteers in the con
federate states army, afterward a briga
dier-general of state troops, and later col
onel of the fifth regiment of Mississippi
cavalry in the confederate states army. In
1879 he was appointed one of the judges
of the supreme court of Mississippi and
elected chief justice. He has been a
United States senator since 1881. his sec
ond term expiring in 1899.
GEORGE, MELVIN CLARKE, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born May
13, 1849, in Noble county, Ohio. He was a
state senator for four years; and was
elected a representative from Oregon to
the forty-seventh and forty-eighth con
gresses as a republican.
GEORGE, NATHAN DOW. clergyman,
author, was born in 1808 in New Hamp
shire. He was a methodist clergyman,
long prominent in Maine, and subsequent
ly in Massachusetts. He was the author
of An Examination of Universalism; Uni-
versalism Not of God; Materialism Anti-
Scriptural; and Annihilation Not of the
Bible. He died in 1896.
GEORGE, SAMUEL CARR, missionary,
educator, was born July 8, 1832, in Alle
gheny county, Pa. In 1861-73 he was a
missionary in Siam. In 1886 he was elect
ed professor of the Sanskrit and cognate
tongues in Wilson Female college at
Chambersburg, Pa.
GEORGE, SAMUEL WESLEY, public
official, state senator, was born April 26.
1862, in Meredith, N. H. In 1893 he was
elected a member of the Massachusetts
state legislature; received the re-election
four consecutive years and in 1897 was
elected a member of the state senate.
GERARD, JAMES WATSON, lawyer,
philanthropist, was born in 1794 in New-
York city. It was through his efforts that
the institution now known as the house
of refuge for juvenile delinquents was
founded in New York, which was the first
institution of its kind in the United
States. He died Feb. 7, 1874, in New York
city.
GERARD. JAMES WATSON, lawyer,
author, was born about 1822 in New York
city. He is a lawyer of New York city;
and the author of The Pelican Papers,
a satire; Titles to Real Estate in New
York City; Title of the Corporation and
Others to the Streets. Wharves, Lands,
and Franchises in New York City; The
Peace of Utrecht; Aquarelles (verse); and
Ostrea, or the Loves of the Oysters, a
collection of humorous verse.
GERE, CHARLES HENRY, lawyer,
legislator, journalist, was born Feb. 18.
1838, in Gainesville, N. Y. He received his
education at the Oxford academy, N. Y. :
and in 1861 graduated from the Dickinson
college, Pennsylvania. During 1863-65
he served as a union soldier in the tenth
and eleventh regiments Maryland volun
teer infantry, in 1865 he was admitted
to the bar in Baltimore, and removed the
same year to Nebraska and became prose
cuting attorney of Pawnee county. In
1866 he served as a member of the Ne
braska state legislature; was state sen
ator in 1869-70 and 1881-82. In 1885-87 he
was secretary of the state railway com
missioners; and in 1892 was a delegate to
the republican national convention. He
Is the editor-in-chief of the Nebraska
Daily State Journal, and president of the
State Journal company.
GERP:, GEORGE GRANT, surgeon, au
thor, was born Dec. 27. 1848, in Greene,
N. Y. In 1886 he was appointed to the
chair of surgery in the California Medical
college. He has published a series of
Lectures on Callopractic Surgery.
GERE, GEORGE W., lawyer, prohibi
tionist, was born March 22, 1843, in
Clark county. 111. He is a prominent
lawyer of Champaign, 111.; and in 1896 was
a candidate for governor on the prohibi
tionist ticket.
GEREND, M. M.. clergyman, college
president, author, was born June 17, 1858,
in Sheboygan. Wis. He became president
of the St. Francis college, and in 189F.
president of St. John's institute for deaf
mutes. He is the author of Eugene Chris
tian: A Tale of College Life; In and
About St. Francis: and the editor of The
Good Child.
GERHARD, BENJAMIN, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1812 in Philadelphia,
Pa. As a lawyer he ranked high, and pub
lished several carefully edited text-books,
among which are Starkie on Evidence,
and Joshua Williams's Principles of the
Law of Personal Property. He died June
18, 1864, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GERHARD, WILLIAM PAUL, civil en
gineer, author, was born July 30, 1854, in
Germany. He is a sanitary engineer of
New York city; and the author of The
ater Fires and Panics; Anlagen von Haus-
Erwasserungen; Diagram for Sewer Cal
culations; House Drainage and Sanitary
Plumbing; Guide to General House In
spection; Domestic Sanitary Appliances;
and Prinzipien der Haus-Kanalization, his
principal writings.
GERHARD. WILLIAM WOOD, physi
cian, author, was born July 23, 1809, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a Philadelphia
physician; and the author of Diagnosis
of Chest Diseases; Spotted Fever; Fevers;
and Clinical Guide. He died April 28.
1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GERHART. EMANUEL VOGEL, edu
cator, college president, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 13, 1817, in Freeburg,
Pa. He is a German reformed clergyman
of Lancaster, Pa., professor of theology in
Franklin and Marshall college; and the
author of Philosophy and Logic; Mono
graph of the Reformed Church; Child's
Heidelberg Catechism; and Institutes of
the Christian Religion.
GERING, HENRY R., pharmaceutical
chemist, was born April 27, 1868, in Cedar
Falls. Iowa. He is president of the Ne
braska State Pharmaceutical association;
city treasurer of Plattsmouth, Neb.; sec
retary of the board of trade; and exam
iner to the Nebraska board of pharmacy.
GERMAN. OBADIAH, United States
senator, was born in 1767 in Dutchess
county, N. Y. He was a senator in con
gress from New York from 1809 to 181f>
He died Sept. 24, 1842.
GERRISH, THEODORE, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1846. He is a clergyman
of Portland. Maine; and the author of
Army Life; Will Newton, the Young Vol
unteer; Life in the World's Wonder
land; and The Blue and the Gray, an
army history.
GERRY, CHARLES F., educator, state
senator, author, poet, was born June 3,
1823. in Sudbury, Mass. He was a repre
sentative in the Massachusetts state legis
lature in 1887; and for some years was
president of the Hyde Park Savings bank
He moved to his native city, and again
went to the legislature, serving one year
in the house and two years in the senate
He is the author of two prose works en
titled Boy Life in the Country; and Tom's
Island; and a volume of poems entitled
Meadow Melodies.
KKK1N(}SHA\VS KNCYCl.ol'KDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GERRY, ELBR1DGE, signer of the dec
laration of independence, was born July
17, 1744, in Marblehead, Mass He was a
member of the legislature in 1773, and was
appointed on the committee on corre
spondence. From 1776 to 1785 he was a
delegate to the continental congress, and
signed the declaration of independence-
and also the articles of confederation. He
was a representative in the federal con
gress from 1789 to 1793; and in 1797 was
appointed minister to France. He was
governor of Massachusetts in 1810 and
1811. In 1813 he was inaugurated vice-
president of the United States; and filled
the office until his death. He died Nov
23, 1814, in Washington, D. C.
GERRY, ELBRIDGE, lawyer, congress
man, was born Dec. 6, 1815, in Waterford
Maine. In 1840 he was clerk of the house
of representatives of Maine; and in 1843
was elected state's attorney for Oxford
county. In 1846 he was elected to the
state legislature; and was a representa
tive in congress from Maine from 1849 to
1 oOl.
GERRY, ELBRIDGE THOMAS lawyer
was born Dec. 25, 1837, in New York city.'
In 1867 he served the state as a member
of the convention to revise the state con
stitution. In 1874 he was conspicuous in
founding the society for the Prevention
of Cruelty to Children, and since 1879 has
been its president.
GERRY, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1 839 to 1843.
GERRY, SAMUEL LANCASTER art
ist, was born May 10, 1813, in Boston.
Mass. He was an original member of the
Boston Art club, and its president in
1858. Among his works are The Gorge of
the Rhine; The Old Man of the Moun
tain; Pasture Gate; and Land of Beu-
lah.
GERVAIS, JOHN LEWIS, congressman
was born Oct. 8, 1753. in Germany. He
was a delegate from South Carolina to the
Continental congress from 1782 to 1783
He died Oct. 2, 1798, in Charleston, S. C.
GESCHEIDT, LOUIS ANTHONY, phy
sician, author, was born Feb. 19, 1808, in
Germany. He came to this country in
1835, and settled in New York, where he
became prominent in his profession, and
in 1870 retired with a fortune. He pub
lished a work on Diseases of the Eye He
died Aug. 20, 1876, in Hastings, N. Y.
GEST, WILLIAM H., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 7, 1838, in Jackson
ville, 111. He has been engaged in the
practice of law since 1862 in his native
city. He was elected to the fiftieth con
gress, and was re-elected to the fifty-first
'•ongress as a republican.
GETTY, GEORGE FRANKLIN, law
yer, was born Oct. 17, 1855, in Grantsville,
Md. He received his education at the
Smithville academy, Ohio; graduated
from the Ohio Normal university in 1879;
and from the law department of the
Michigan university in 1882. He is one
of the leading lawyers of Minnesota, and
has a lucrative practice in Minneapolis.
He has been circuit court commissioner;
master in chancery, and is general coun
sel for several of the largest life insurance
companies.
GETTY, GEORGE WASHINGTON sol
dier, was born Oct. 20, 1819, in George
town, D. C. He fought against the Semi-
noles in 1849-50 and 1856-67; and took
part in quelling the Kansas disturbances
of 1857-58. During the civil war he at
tained the rank of brigadier-general.
GETZ, J. LAWRENCE, lawyer, jour
nalist, congressman, was born Sept. 14
1821. in Reading. Pa. He was for twenty
years the editor of the Reading Gazette
and Democrat. In 1856 he was elected to
the state legislature; and in 1857 re-elect
ed and made speaker of the hou.se. In
1866 he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the fortieth congress
and was re-elected to the forty-first and
forty-second congresses as a democrat.
GEYER. HENRY SHEFFIE, soldier,
lawyer. United States senator, was born
Dec. 9. 1790, in Fredericktown, Md. He
was an active member of the first two ses
sions of the state legislature, and was
chosen speaker during his second term
He served from 1851 to 1857 in the United
States senate: and while in Washington
participated as attorney in the Dred Scott
case. He died March 5, 1859, in St. Louis
Mo.
GHERARDI, BANCROFT, naval officer
was born Nov. 10, 1832, in Jackson, La.
He entered the navy from Massachusetts
as midshipman in 1846. He was made
lieutenant-commander in 1862.
GHISELIN. GEORGE R.. diplomat, was
bora in 1824, in Staunton, Va. During the
civil war he was ambassador to England
for the southern confederacy. He died
Sept. 11, 1890, in New York city.
GHOLSON. JAMES H., congressman
was born in 1798 in Virginia. He was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1833 to 1835. He died July 2 1848
in Brunswick, Va.
GHOLSON. SAMUEL JAMESON, jur
ist, congressman, was born May 19, 1808
in Madison county, Ky. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Mississippi
from 1837 to 1838; and was subsequently
appointed United States judge for the dis
trict of Mississippi. He died Oct. 16 1883
in Aberdeen, Miss.
GHOLSON. THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1808 to 1816.
GHOLSON, WILLIAM YATES jurist
author, was born in 1807 in Virginia. He
was an Ohio jurist who published
Speeches on Payment of the Public Debt
of the United States. He died Sept 21
1870, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
GIANQUE, FLORIEN. lawyer, author
was born in 1843 in Ohio. He is a Cin
cinnati lawyer of Swiss descent; and the
author of Laws of Election in Ohio; Elec
tion and Naturalization Laws of the
United States; Manual for Ohio Road Su
pervisors; Manual for Guardians and
Trustees; Manual for Assignees, Insol
vent Debtors, etc.; Laws of Ohio Relating
to Roads. Ditches. Bridges, and Water-
Courses; Manual for Notaries, etc.; and
Appendix to Ohio Revised Statutes.
GIBBENS, ALVARO FRANKLIN, his
torian, journalist, poet, was born March 1.
1837, in Parkersburg. W. Va. He graduated
in I860, and received the degree of A. M.
in 1865 from Jefferson 'college, Pennsyl
vania. He studied law but never prac
ticed; taught in Baptist college of La
Grange, Mo., in 1861; was editor of Park
ersburg Gazette in 1865; of West Virginia
Journal, 1870 to 1876; of State Tribune,
1881 to 1885; elder in Kanawh^. Presby
terian church; was corresponding mem
ber of the international executive com
mittee of the Young Men's Christian as
sociation in 1873; was postmaster at Char
leston for years; member of the republic
an state executive committee eight years;
contributor to Masonic Review and other
fraternal and literary magazines of poems
and prose articles; delivered in 1885, at
class reunion, the quarter-centennial
poem; co-editor of Prominent Men of
West Virginia; and editor of a History
of Wood County; and is vice-president
and charter member of the West Virginia
State Historical and Antiquarian society.
GIBBES, ROBERT WILSON, physician
educator, journalist, scientist, was born
July 8, 1809, in Charleston, S. C. He was
a physician, educator and journalist of
Columbia, S. C.; and the author of Mono
graph of the Squalida?; Typhoid Pneu
monia; Documentary History of South
Carolina; and Documentary History of
the American Revolution. He died in
1 866.
GIBBES. ROBERT WILSON, surgeon
was born June 10, 1831, in Columbia, S C
He was professor of surgery in the uni
versity of South Carolina in 1872-73, and
was a frequent contributor to the litera
ture of his profession. He died Oct. 23
1875, in Columbia, S. C
GIBBES, WILLIAM HASELL, soldier
lawyer, was born March 16, 1754, in Char
leston, S. C. He was one of the thirty
native Americans residing in London who
petitioned the king against the series of
acts of parliament that were the immedi
ate cause of the revolution. He died in
1831.
GIBBON, JOHN OLIVER, soldier, au
thor, was born April 20, 1827, in Holmes-
burg, Pa. He was a major-general in the
federal army during the civil war who
published The Artillerist's Manual He
died in 1896.
GIBBONS, ABIGAIL HOPPER, philan
thropist, was born Dec. 7, 1801, in Phila
delphia, Pa. She was one of the founders
of the Isaac T. Hopper home in New
York. She died in 1893.
GIBBONS, CHARLES, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born March 30, 1814, in Wil
mington, Del. He was for several years
a member of the state senate and its pres
ident in 1847; chairman of the first re
publican state committee; one of the
founders of the Union league; and the
author of its constitution.
GIBBONS. EDWARD, soldier, mer
chant, state legislator, was born in Eng
land. He was a merchant in Boston, and
a state representative during 1838-47. He
served in the Mexican war during 1849-51
as major-general. He died Dec. 9. 1854, in
Boston, Mass.
GIBBONS, HENRY, physician, author
was born Sept. 20, 1808, in Wilmington.
Del. He was a physician of San Fran
cisco, professor in the Pacific Medical col
lege and was the author of an anti-tobacco
treatise, Tobacco and Its Effects. He died
Nov. 5, 1884, in Wilmington, Del.
GIBBONS, JAMES, educator, was born
May 18, 1736, in Westtown, Pa. He was a
member of the general assembly of Penn
sylvania for the three years immediately
preceding the declaration of independ
ence. He died Oct. 17, 1823, in Birming
ham, Pa.
GIBBONS, JAMES, clergyman, author
was born July 23, 1834, in Baltimore.
Md. He is a cardinal of the Roman
catholic church since 1886; and the au
thor of The Faith of Our Fathers; Our
Christian Heritage; and The Ambassador
of Christ.
GIBBONS, JAMES SLOAN, merchant,
author, was born July 1, 1810, in Wilming
ton, Del. He was a prominent financier
and philanthropist of New York city. He
was the author of The Banks of New
York; and The Public Debt of the United
States. He wrote the popular war song.
We Are Coming, Father Abraham.
GIBBONS, JOSEPH, journalist, philan
thropist, was born Aug. 14, 1818, near
Lancaster, Pa. He was the first candidate
of the liberty party for vice-president of
the United States in 1840. He was regard
ed as one of the founders of the republi
can party in his native state. He estab
lished the Friends' Journal in 1873. He
died Dec. 9, 1883. in Lancaster, Pa.
::98
HKRRING8HAVT8 KNCYCLOPKIMA OF AMKRICAX JUOGRAPHY.
GIBBONS, MRS. PHCKBE EARLE, au
thor, was born in 1826 in Pennsylvania.
.She is an author of Lancaster county, Pa.,
and the author of Pennsylvania Dutch,
and Other Essays; and French and Bel
gians.
GIBBONS. THOMAS, lawyer, jurist.
He was a citizen of Georgia; and in 1801
he was appointed district judge of the
United States court for the state of Geor
gia.
GIBBONS, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a delegate from Georgia to the con
tinental congress from 1784 to 1786.
GIBBONS, WILLIAM, philanthropist,
author, was born Aug. 10, 1781, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a philanthropist and
scientist of Wilmington, Del. He wrote
Truth Vindicated, a notably clear exposi
tion of the principles of the Friends. He
died July 25, 1845, in Wilmington, Del.
GIBBS, ADDISON C., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, governor, was born July 9, 1825, in
East Otto, N. Y. In 1851 he was a volun
teer in the Indian war in Oregon. He was
a representative in the legislature during
the session of 1852-53. In 1862 he was
fleeted governor of Oregon, and served
four years. He was twice elected district
attorney; was deputy United States dis
trict attorney for four years, and United
States district attorney for two years.
GIBBS, EBENEZER L., educator, was
born Oct. 1, 1822. in East Windsor, Conn.
After receiving his education at the Alle
gheny college he entered educational
work and for years taught select schools.
He was appointed postmaster of Orwell,
Ohio, under General Harrison, which he
held through both parties. Since 1859 he
has filled various public positions of trust
in his town, county and state.
GIBBS. FRED C., merchant, writer, and
political reformer, was born Aug. 28, 1856,
in St. Paul, Minn. His parents were
among the pioneers
of Minnesota. He
received his educa
tion in the common
and high schools of
Schttylerville, N. Y.
He is a successful
merchant of Water-
ville, Minn.; has
been city councilman
y ^H m^- j and served as chair-
^^ I man of the People's
- \ | party of the state
central committee.
He has written extensively on political
reform; has been a thoughtful student
of political and social economics; and is
a nationalist in the fullest and broadest
sense of the term. He is one of the
thinkers of his day, and a leader of the
people in his state.
GIBBS, GEORGE, mineralogist, was
born Jan. 7. 1776. in Newport, R. I. On
his return from abroad to Rhode Island
he brought with him the most extensive
and valuable collection ever seen in the
United States up to that time. It con
sisted of the collection of Gigot d'Orcy,
Containing 4.000 specimens, and that of
Count Gregoire de Razamowsky, contain
ing 6,000 specimens. He died Aug 6
1833, in Sunswick, L. I.
GIBBS, GEORGE, lawyer, antiquarian,
author, was born July 17, 1815, In Astoria.
L. I. He was a lawyer and antiquarian
of New York city, and the author of The
Judicial Chronicle; Dictionary of the
Chinook Jargon, or Trade Language of
Oregon; Comparative Vocabulary; Re
search Relative to the Ethnology and
Philology of America; and Suggestions
Relating to, Scientific Observation in Rus
sian America. He died April 9. 1873. in
New Haven. Conn.
GIBBS, JOHN L., farmer, lawyer, leg
islator, lieutenant-governor, was born
May 3, 1838, in Bradford county, Pa. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the common schools of South Hill,
Pa., and attended the Le Raysville acad
emy and the Susquehanna Collegiate in
stitute. In 1861 he graduated from the
Ann Arbor Law school, and settled in
Minnesota the same year. He has taught
school in Pennsylvania, Iowa and Minne
sota. In 1862 he was elected county at
torney of Freeborn county, and served one
term. He has served six terms in the
legislature of Minnesota, beginning with
the session of 1864; was speaker of the
house of representatives in 1877 and also
in 1885; was appointed railroad commis
sioner in 1887 and served four years. He
was raised on a farm, and since 1864 has
had no other occupation. In 1896 he was
elected lieutenant-governor of Minnesota.
He is known all over the state as an en
thusiastic advocate of co-operative dairy
ing, and he has himself one of the largest
dairy interests in the state.
GIBBS, JOSIAH WILLARD, philologist,
educator, author, was born April 30. 1790,
in Salem, Mass. He was a philologist who
was professor of sacred literature at Yale
university in 1824-61. and the author of
Philological Studies; New Latin Analyst;
and Teutonic Etymology. He died March
25, 1861. in New Haven. Conn.
GIBBS, JOSIAH WILLARD, educator,
scientist, author, was born Feb. 11, 1839,
in New Haven, Conn. He is a professor
of physics at Yale university, and the au
thor of scientific papers and monographs.
GIBBS, LAMBERT FRANCIS HEBER,
clergyman, educator, journalist, was born
Nov. 9, 1866, in Ware, Mass. He re
ceived his education in the high schools
of Ware and Amherst, and attended Am-
herst college. He was pastor in Wash
ington and Idaho in 1890-91; was princi
pal of the Union Town schools, Washing
ton, during 1891-95; and since then has
been editor and owner of the News-Let
ter of Colton, Wash.
GIBBS, MIKFLIN W1STER. jurist, was
born April 17. 1823. in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1872 he was a delegate to the national
convention of col
ored men at New
Orleans; was presi
dential elector in
1876, and the same
year was appointed
register of the Unit
ed States land office
by President Hayes,
being re-appointed
to the same office in
1881 by President
Arthur. In 1884 he
was delegate at
large to the national republican conven
tion, and also in 1892 and in 1896. He was
appointed receiver of public moneys at
Little Rock in 1890; and was appointed a
commissioner to sell government reserve
lauds at Hot Springs in 1892; and in 1897
was appointed by President McKinley
United States consul to Tnmatave, Mad
agascar.
GIBBS, OLIVER WOLCOTT, educator,
chemist, author, was born Feb. 21, 1822.
in New York city. He is a chemist of dis
tinction. Rumford professor at Harvard
university, and author of scientific papers.
GIBBS, WILLIAM CHANNING. gov-
• Tiior, was born in 17X7. He was governor
of Rhode Island from 1821 to 1824. He
died Feb. 21, 1871, in Newport, R. I.
GIBBS. WILLIAM .1.. lawyer, was born
Keli. 15. 1847, in Bienville Parish. La. He
graduated In law from the Washington
and Lee university with the degree of
H. L. He is a prominent lawyer and real
estate dealer of Corsicana, Texas, where
he has held the office of city attorney for
three terms. He has served as mayor of
Mexia; and has been justice of the peace
of Limestone county, Texas.
GIBBS, WOLCOTT, scientist, journal
ist, author, was born Feb. 21, 1822, in New
York city. He is a noted scientist and
author of many valuable researches, and
one of the editors of the American Jour
nal of Science and Arts.
GIBNEY, VIRGIL PENDLETON, phy
sician, surgeon, author, was born Sept.
29, 1847, in Jessamine county, Ky. He
has been for several years consulting or
thopedic surgeon to the Nursery and
Child's hospital of New York city. He is
the author of a work entitled The Hip and
Its Diseases.
GIBSON, CHARLES BELL, surgeon.
was born Feb. 16, 1816, in Baltimore, Md.
When the state of Virginia seceded he
was made surgeon-general, became the
chief consulting surgeon and operator In
Richmond, and died from heart disease
induced by excessive labor and fatigue
He died April 23, 1865, in Richmond, Va.
GIBSON, CHARLES HOPPER, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Jan. 19, 1842, in Queen Anne county.
Md. In 1869 he was
appointed auditor
and commissioner in
chancery; in 1870 re
signed to accept the
office of state's attor
ney for Talbot coun
ty, Md.. to which he
was appointed by the
court, and was elect
ed to the office. IL
1871, for a full term,
and was re-elected
in 1875. In 188*4 he
was elected a representative from Mary
land to the forty-ninth congress, and was
re-elected to the fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses as a democrat. In 1891-97 he
was a United States senator.
GIBSON, ELLA ELVIRA, lecturer, poet,
was born May 8. 1821, in Winchendon.
Mass. During the early part of the civil
war Miss Gibson was engaged in organ
izing soldiers' ladies' aid societies in Wis
consin. She was connected with the
eighth Wisconsin regiment volunteers,
known as the Live Eagle regiment. In
18G4 she was appointed chaplain of the
first Wisconsin heavy artillery. She is
the author of a number of meritorious
poems.
GIBSON, EUSTACE, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 4, 1841, in
Culpeper, Va. In 1876 he was elected a
tepresentative in the state legislature,
and was chosen speaker. He was elected
a representative from .West Virginia to
the forty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-ninth congress as a
democrat.
GIBSON. GKORGE, soldier, was born
Oct. 10, 1747. in Lancaster. Pa. When the
revolution began he raised a company of
one hundred men. and was appointed cap
tain of a state regiment. In 1791 he took
command of a regiment in the St. Clair
expedition against the Ohio Indians. He
died Dec. 14. 1791, in Fort Jefferson, Ohio
GIBSON, GEORGE, soldier, was born in
1783 in Pennsylvania. He entered the
army from civil life, and was appointed
captain of infantry in 1SOS; and was pro
mote,! major in 1X11. He died Sept. 29.
ixill. in Washington. I). C.
GIBSON. GEORGE RUTLEDGE, flnan
cier. author, was born Jan. 20. 1853. in Au-
Inirn. III. He is the author of The Berlin
Bourse; and The Stock Exchange of Ixin-
don. Paris and New York.
HERRING
GIBSON, HENRY R., lawyer, jurist
journalist, congressman, author, was born
Dec. 24, 1837, in Kent Island. Md. In 1865
he was admitted to the bar; in 1870 was
a member of the Tennessee constitutional
?ony,ention; a number of the state senate
in 1871-72; and a member of the house of
representatives in 1875. During 1886-94
he was judge of the chancery court of
Tennessee; and in 1890 was elected pro
fessor of medical jurisprudence in the
Tennessee Medical college. He was elect
ed to the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a republican. He is the edi
tor of the Republican and Chronicle of
Knoxville. Tenn.: and the author of
Suits in Chancery.
GIBSON. HORATIO GATES, soldier
was born May 22. 1827, in Baltimore Md'
He is a noted United States army officer
now retired. He was brevetted second
lieutenant to colonel of the third artillery-
and was brevetted brigadier-general.
GIBSON, JAMES, soldier, journalist
jurist, state senator, was born Sept 5
1816, in Salem, N. Y. In 1850 he was
elected county judge: and in 1866 he was
elected state senator; and served gallant
ly through the civil war. His name is
closely identified with the business affairs
of Salem, Mass.. where he was the editor
of The Review-Press. He died June 6
1897.
GIBSON, JAMES KING, soldier, far
mer, merchant, congressman was born
Feb. 18, 1812, in Abingdon, Va. He was
postmaster at Abingdon from 1838 until
He was teller in the Exchange
bank of Virginia at Abingdon in 1849, and
notary public. He was elected to the
forty-first congress as a democrat.
GIBSON, JAMES W., lawyer, soldier
journalist, was born Oct. 26, 1845 in
Detroit, Mich. He served with distinc
tion as a union sol
dier during the civil
war. Has practiced
law successfully for
more than a quarter
of a century, and for
nine years served as
county judge. He is
the editor and joint
owner of The Week
ly Press of Newton.
111. His poems have
been given a place in
Poets of America,
and other standard collections.
GIBSON. JOHN, soldier, lawyer jurist
was born May 23, 1740, in Lancaster. Pa.
He served in the revolutionary war. He
was a judge of the court of common pleas
and a general of militia. In 1800 he was
appointed secretary of the territory of
Indiana, holding the position until it be
came a state. He was acting governor of
Indiana from 1811 to 1813. He died April
10, 1822, near Vincennes, Ind.
GIBSON, JOHN BANNISTER, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born Nov 8
1780, in Carlisle. Pa. In 1810-11 he was a
member of the Pennsylvania state legisla
ture; and in 1813 was appointed a judgp
of the eleventh district. He died Mav 3
1853, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GIBSON. LOUIS HENRY, architect au
thor, was born in 1854 in Indiana. He is
an architect of Indianapolis: and the au
thor of Beautiful Houses, a Study in
House-building; Convenient Houses-
Gradual Reduction Milling; and Artistic
Houses at Moderate Cost.
GIBSON, RANDALL LEE, soldier law
yer, congressman. United States senator
was born Sept. 10. 1832, in Springfield'
Ky. He. attained the rank of major-gen
eral in the confederate army: and after-
SHAWS KNfVCLOPKI.IA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ward settled in the practice of law in
New Orleans. La. He was elected a rep
resentative from Louisiana to the forty-
fourth congress; was re-elected to the for
ty-fifth, forty-sixth and forty-seventh con
gresses; and was elected a senator of the
1 nited States from Louisiana in 1882- and
was re-elected in 1888. He died Dec. 15.
GIBSON. ROBERT WILLIAMS, archi
tect was born Nov. 17, 1854. in England.
He has attained a national reputation as
iin architect.
GIBSON. TOBIAS, pioneer, was born
Nov. 10, 1771, in Liberty, S. C. He made
lour trips while a missionary through
the wilderness to the Cumberland and
laid the foundations of methodism in the
southwest. He died April 10 1804 in
Natchez. Tenn.
GIBSON. WILLIAM, physician, educa-
•tor. was born in 1788 in Baltimore, Md.
He was a famous physician of Philadel
phia, professor of surgery in the univer
sity of Pennsylvania in 1819-55; and the
author of Principles and Practice of Sur
gery; and Rambles in Europe He died
March 2, 1868, in Savannah, Ga.
GIBSON, WILLIAM, naval officer au
thor, was born in 1826 in Maryland He
was a United States naval officer retired
in 1879; and the author of Sailing Di
rections for the Kattegat, etc.; Poems of
Many Years; Vision of Faery Land and
Other Poems; a translation of the 'Mis
cellaneous Poems of Goethe. He died in
1 887.
GIBSON. WILLIAM HAMILTON ar
tist, author, was born Oct. 5, 1850 in San
dy Hook, Conn. He was an artist and
author of New York city who has illus
trated his own writings; and the author
of The Complete American Trapper- Pas
toral Days; Highways and Byways'
Strolls by Starlight and Sunshine; ' Happy
Hunting-Grounds; Sharp-Eyes a Ram
bler's Calendar; Camp Life in the Woods-
and Our Edible Toadstools and Mush-
rot) ms.
GTDD1NGS. ALMENA. educator, au
thor, was born April 14, 1838, in Hart-
land. Conn. She wrote under various
names, and published a volume of poems
entitled My Welcome Beyond and Other
Poems.
GIDDINGS. ARM1X. lawyer legislator
was born May 31, 1822, in Sherman, Conn'
For fourteen years he was judge of pro
bate; was a member of the state legisla
ture during 1851-56; state senator during
1857-64; and in 1864 he was appointed as
sociate justice of the supreme court of
Montana. He died Feb. 13, 1882 in Sher
man, Conn.
GIDDINGS. I)E WITT C., soldier law
yer, congressman, was born July 18, 1827
in Susquehanna county. Pa. He served
as a soldier in the
confederate army. He
was a member of the
state constitutional
convention of 1866.
He was elected to the
forty-secon d con-
. gress, and re-elected
I to the forty-third
congress, and re-
elected to the forty-
fifth congress as a
democrat. He served
on numerous im
portant committees while a member of
congress.
.GIDDINGS. EDWARD FULLER law
yer, journalist, was born May 1. 1859. in
Eaton. N. Y. He was the one-time editor
of the Springfield Union. Mass.; and i«
now an able lawyer of Chicago. Ill
399
GIDDINGS. EDWARD JONATHAN
clergyman, author, was born Nov 24 1831
m Great Barrington, Mass. He is clergv
man of the congregationalist church- and
the author of Christian Rulers of America
GIDDINGS. FRANKLIN HENRY edu
••ator, journalist, author, born March 23~
*»*. m Sherman, Conn. In 1888 after
years of editorial work, he was appointed
to the chair of political science in BIT
Mawr college. Pa. While holding tha
Position he delivered a series of ?ectures
on Sociology at Columbia college NY
and since 1891 has filled the chair' on that
subject m that institution. He s the
thnr nf a ,.Q,.,. „!,!_ ..." Lue
GIDDINGS, J. WIGHT, journalist law
yer state senator, was born Sept 27 1858
SrST-Thrt HP " '"tor and
nei of The News of Cadillac Mich
886-90 he served as a member of
the Michigan state senate; was lieuten
ant-governor of Michigan durine: ISfla a
and has been judge of tV recorders court.
GIDDINGS. JOSHUA REED, lawyer
abolitionist, diplomat, congressman au
thor, was born Oct. 6, 1795, in Athens Pa
He was elected to the
Ohio legislature in
1826; was a repre
sentative in congress
from Ohio from 1838
to 1859; and for
many years recog
nized as one of the
leaders of the anti-
slavery party. in
1861 he was ap
pointed consul-gen
eral of British North
t years he was probate judge of
Kalamazoo county, Mich. In 1871 he was
appomted governor of New Mexico Tnd
died^while ,„ office on June 3. 1875. in San
GIDDINGS. M1NOT S.. merchant, au
thor, was born March 19, 1837 in Sher
man. Conn. He was a candidate for state
be?ro?e^ttlVe- and S6VeraI Umes a »«n-
bei of state conventions. In 1882 he pub
MBhod a genealogy of the Giddings Fam-
GIDDINGS, ORIEN NOBLE, legislator
jurist, was born Feb. 21, 1814 in Beek-
man. N. Y. He was one of the first ma
•strates of Charleston, Mich and in ™&
46 was- a member of the Michigan state
legislature. In 1865 he was appointed
quartermaster-general of his state
GIDDINGS, ROCKWOOD, clergyman.
college president, was born Aug. 8 1812 in
Plymouth. N. H. In 1838 he was kp
pomted president of the Baptist college
°{ Georgetown. Ky. He died Oct. 29.
GIDDINGS. SALMON, clergyman mis
sionary, was born March 2, 1782 in Hart-
land. Conn. In 1817 he organized the
First Presbyterian church in St.- Louis
Mo., and died Feb. 1. 1828, and his re
mains were deposited in a vault construct
ed for the purpose under the pulpit of his
church.
.00
IIKKKINCSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMKHH'AX HIOCRAPHY.
GIESSLEH. HENRY FRANKLIN, law
yer, banker, state legislator, was born Oct.
15, 1853. near Hanover, Pa. In 1886 he
moved to Kansas, and there founded with
his brother the Bank of Oakley. In 1897
he was elected a member of the Kansas
house of representatives.
GIFFE, WILLIAM T.. musician, com
poser, was born June 28. 1848, in Port
land. Ind. He is the author of Giffe's
Practical Course in Harmony and Musi
cal Composition, and a number of popu
lar music books for singers. He is the
president of the Home Music company of
Logansport, Ind.
GIKFORD. ARCHER, lawyer, author,
was born in 1797 in Newark, N. J. He
published a Digest of the Statutory and
Constitutional Constructions delivered in
the Supreme Court and Court of Errors
and Appeals of New Jersey; and Unity
of the Liturgy. He died May 12, 1859. in
Newark. N. J.
GIFFORD. FRED W.. lawyer, jurist,
was born March 8. 1857, in East Arling
ton, Vt. He received his education in the
schools of Iowa. For se\eral years he
wasa justice of the peace at Independence.
Iowa; and subsequently served as police
judge of Kansas City. Mo. He is one of
the leading lawyers of Missouri; and has
tilled numerous positions of honor in Kan
sas City.
GIFFORD. HARRY ELLSWORTH,
genealogist, was born Jan. 27. 1865, in
New Bedford. Mass. He is the author of
The Gifford Genealogy.
GIFFORD, MIRAM W.. clergyman, au
thor, was born June 3, 1851, in Canada.
For over a quarter of a century he has
been actively engaged in the ministry of
the methodlst episcopal church, and now
tills a pastorate in Howell, Mich. He has
received the degrees of M. A. and Ph. I).;
and is the author of several scientific and
philosophical works, the most notable of
which is Laws of the Soul, or the Science
of Religion and the Future Life.
GIFFORD. ORIN P.. clergyman, reform
er, was born April 15. 1847, in Montague.
Mass. Since 1894 he has filled a pastor
ate in Brooklyn, N. Y. Besides his church
work he has always taken an active part
in municipal reform work.
GIFFORD. OSCAR SHERMAN, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct. 20.
1842, in Watertown, N. Y. He served in
the union army as
private In the Elgin
(Illinois) battery
from 1863 to 1865;
studied law; was ad
mitted to the bar in
1870, and engaged In
the practice of law
at. Canton. Dakota.
He was elected dis
trict attorney for
Lincoln county in
1874; and in 1882
and 1883 was mayor
of the city of Canton. He was a member
of the constitutional convention of Da
kota which convened at Sioux Falls in
1883; and was elected delegate from Da
kota to the forty-ninth, fiftieth and flfty-
tlrst congresses as a republican.
GIFFORD, ROBERT SWAIN, artist,
was born Dec. 23, 1840, in Naushon, Mass.
He made an extensive sketching tour in
Oregon and California in 1869, and fur
nished 'views from these stateo to Pic
turesque America.
GIFFORD, SANFORD ROBINSON.
landscape painter, was born in Saratoga
county. N. Y. His best works are The
Storm; and Camp of the Seventh Regi
ment.
GIGER, GEORGE MUSGRAVE, cler
gyman, was born June 6. 1822. in Phila
delphia. Pa. He was elected adjunct pro
fessor of Greek in 1846, and professor of
Latin in 1854 in Princeton university. He
bequeathed his books and thirty thou
sand dollars to that college. He died Oct.
11. 1X65. in Philadelphia, Pa.
GIHON, ALBERT LEARY, surgeon, au
thor, was born Sept. 28, 1833. in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1872 he was medical in
spector; and in 1879 medical director. He
completed forty years of active service in
1895. and was retired from active duty by
limitation of age with rank of commo
dore. His principal works are: Practical
Suggestions in Naval Hygiene; Need of
Sanitary Reform in Ship Life; Sanitary
Commonplaces Applied to the Navy; and
Prevention of Venereal Disease by Legis
lation.
GILBERG. CHARLES ALEXANDER,
chess-player, was born June 17, 1835, in
Camden, N. J. He is widely known as an
amateur chess-player, and has served as
judge in almost e\ery public contest that
has taken place. His chess library of
more than 1,500 volumes is the largest in
this country with the exception of that of
John G. White, of Cleveland, Ohio.
GILBERT. ABIJAH, merchant. United
States senator, was born June 18. 1806, in
Gilhertsville, N. Y. He was a student at
Hamilton college, but
ill-health prevented
him from graduating.
He engaged in mer
cantile pursuits in
New York and else
where. He removed
to Florida for the
health of his family;
and was elected a
senator in congress
from that state for
the term commenc
ing in 1869 and end
ing in 1875. He died Nov. 23. 1881, in Ot-
sego county, N. Y.
GILBERT, ALEXANDER, banker, was
born Aug. 10, 1839, in Elizabeth, N. .1. In
1883 he was elected vice-president of the
Market's bank of New York: and in 1890
was elected mayor of Plainfield. N. J.
GILBERT. BENJAMIN, miller, author,
was born in 1711 near Philadelphia, Pa.
He was a miller of Northumberland, Pa.,
who wrote on theological themes. Truth
Defended; Discourses on Perfection; and
Further Discourses on Sin, Election. Rep
robation and Baptism. He died June 8.
1780. on St. Lawrence Rixer.
GILBERT. CHARLES HENRY, zoolo
gist, author, was born in 1859 in Illinois.
He is an ichthyologist, professor of zoology
at Stanford university; and the author of
Synopsis of the Fishes of North America.
GILBERT. DAVID McCONAUGHY,
clergyman, author, was born Feb. 4. 1836,
in Gettysburg, Pa. He is a lutheran
clergyman of Virginia; and the author of
The Lutheran Church in Virginia, 1776-
1876; The Synod of Virginia; The Anni
hilation Theory Briefly Examined: and
Muhlenbcrg's Ministry in Virginia.
GILBERT. EDWARD, journalist, con
gressman, was born in Albany, N. Y. He
founded and became editor-in-chief of
the daily Alta California, thus being the
pioneer of the daily press of San Fran
cisco. He served as a representative in
congress from 1850 to 1851. HP died in
1X62 In California.
GILBERT. EZEK1EL. congressman,
was born in 1755 in Middletown, Conn.
He was a member of congress from New
York from 1793 to 1797. He died in July,
1X42. in Hudson, N. Y.
GILBERT. FRANK M., journalist, poet,
was born July 1, 1846, in Mobile, Ala. He
is the editor and owner of The Evening
Tribune of Evansville. Ind.; is a well
known humorist: and the author of a vol
ume of poems.
GILBERT, GROVE KARL, artist, au
thor, was born May 6. 1843, in Rochester,
N. Y. He is a geologist attached to the
United States geological suney; and the
author of Geology of the Henry Moun
tains; Topographical Features of Lake
Shores; Geology of Nevada, Utah; and
Lake Bonneville.
GILBERT. GROVE SHELDON, artist,
was born Aug. 5. 1805, in Clinton. N. Y.
He attained distinction as a portrait
painter. He died March 23. 1885. in Roch
ester, N. Y.
GILBERT. JOHN GIBBS, actor, was
born Feb. 27, 1810, in Boston, Mass. He
attained prominence in his profession both
in Europe and America. He died June
17. 1889, in Boston, Mass.
GILBERT, LINDA, philanthropist, was
born May 13, 1847. in Rochester, N. Y.
She has attained a national reputation as
a philanthropist.
GILBERT, MAHLON NORRIS. protes-
tant episcopal bishop, was born March 23,
1848. in Morris, N. Y. In 1881 he was
called to the rectorship of Christ church.
St. Paul, Minn. He was a deputy to the
general convention of 1886, and was elect
ed assistant bishop of Minnesota in the
same year.
GILBERT . NATHAN STRONG, musi
cian, composer, was born Jan. 28, 1852.
in Iowa. He is a rioted organist and piano
instructor of Leavenworth, Kas. He has
composed for the voice a Serenade and
Polka Caprice, and a number of anthems
and hymns.
GILBERT, PARMIUS C., educator, law
yer, was born May 24. 1865. in New berg,
Mich. He attended the public schools of
his county, and grad-
uated from the high
school of Traverse
City. He then at
tended the commer
cial department of
the Normal school of
Valparaiso, Ind.;
and subsequently
graduated from the
law department of
the university of
Michigan. He entered
into educational work
as a teacher in the public schools of his
native city, where he has also attained
success as an able lawyer in probate prac
tice and commercial law. He has served
with distinction as city attorney; and is
a member of the board of education of
Traverse City, Mich.
GILBERT. RUFUS HENRY, surgeon,
was born Jan. 26, 1832, in Guilford, N. Y
At the beginning of the civil war he
joined the Duryea zouaves as surgeon, and
served through the war. He was after
ward made medical director and superin
tendent of the United States army hos
pitals. He died July 10, 1885, in New
York city.
GILBERT. SAMUEL AUGUSTUS, sol
dier, civil engineer, was born Aug. 25,
1825, in /anesville, Ohio. In 1863 he be
came engineer on the staff of Gen. John G.
Foster: and subsequently commanded a
brigade in Kentucky. He died June 9,
1868. in St. Paul. Minn.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
401
GILBERT, SYLVESTER, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1756 in Heb
ron, Conn. In 1780 he was a member of
the general assembly, being the youngest
member in the house; and in 1788 was ap
pointed state's attorney for Tolland coun
ty, and filled that office twenty-one years.
In 1807 he was appointed chief judge of
the county court and judge of probate,
which offices he held until 1825, with the
exception of his term as representative in
congress from Connecticut in 1818-19. In
1826 he was again elected to the legisla
ture, and was then the oldest member
in the house, to which body he had, from
the year 1780, been re-elected thirty times.
He died in January, 1846.
GILBERT, WALTER BOND, musician,
composer, was born April 21, 1829, in
England. In 1869 he was appointed or
ganist of Trinity chapel. New York. His
compositions and publications are numer
ous, and include two oratorios, Stf John,
and the Restoration of Israel.
GILBERT, WILLIAM A., congressman,
was born in Connecticut. Moving to New
York he was elected a representative from
that state to the thirty-fourth congress.
GILBERT, WILLIAM KENT, physician,
was born Dec. 28, 1830, in Gettysburg, Pa.
He attained prominence as one of the
foremost physicians and surgeons of his
native state at Philadelphia, where he
died June 28, 1880.
GILCHRIST, JOHN JAMES, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Feb. 16, 1809, in
Medford, Mass. He was a member of the
New Hampshire legislature; register of
probate; and associate judge in 1840. He
was chief justice of the state supreme
court in 1848, and of the United States
court of claims in 1855. He published a
Digest of New Hampshire Reports. He
died April 29, 1858, in Washington, D. C.
GILCHRIST, ROBERT BUDD, lawyer,
jurist, was born Sept. 28, 1796, in South
Carolina. About 1841 he was appointed
United States judge for the district of
South Carolina; and for a time held the
same position in Georgia. He died May 1,
1856, in Charleston, S. C.
GILCHRIST, WILLIAM WALLACE,
musician, composer, was born in 1846 in
Jersey City, N. J. He has won three
prizes for compositions from the Mendels
sohn Glee club of New York city, and in
1882 the Cincinnati May festival prize
was awarded him.
GILDER, JEANNETTE LEONARD,
journalist, dramatist, author, poet, was
born in 1850 in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1875
she joined the staff of the New York Her
ald as a book reviewer; and in 1880, in
connection with her brother, Richard
Watson Gilder, started The Critic. In
1876 she wrote a play entitled Quits,
which was brought out in the Chestnut
Street theater of Philadelphia. She dra
matized a Wonderful Woman for Rose
Eytinge; Sevenoaks for John T. Ray
mond; and a Comedy for Harry Becket.
GILDER, JOHN FRANCIS, pianist,
composer, was born April 3, 1837, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is noted for his cor
rect interpretation of Gottschalk's com
positions, and as a concert pianist he has
been heard in the principal cities and
towns of the United States.
GILDER, RICHARD WATSON, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born Feb. 8, 1844,
in Bordentown, N. J. He is a writer of
New York city well known both as a poet
and as the editor of The Century Maga
zine, of which, with its predecessor, Scrib-
ner's Monthly, he has been editor-in-chief
since 1881. He is the author of The New
Day, The Poet and his Master, Lyrics;
26
The Celestial Passion; Two Worlds; The
Great Remembrance, and Other Poems;
and Five Books of Song, which include all
of his collected poems up to the year 1894.
GILDER, WILLIAM HENRY, explorer,
author, was born Aug. 16, 1835, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is an Arctic explorer;
and the author of Schwatka's Search; and
Ice Pack and Tundra.
GILDERSLEEVE, BASIL LANNEAU,
educator, journalist, author, was born Oct.
23, 1831, in Charleston, S. C. He has been a
professor of Greek at Johns Hopkins uni
versity from 1876, and editor of the Amer
ican Journal of Philology from its estab
lishment. He is the author of Essays and
Studies, and has published a Latin Gram
mar, and editions of Justin Martyr and
the Odes of Pindar.
GILE, FRANCIS ALFRED, physician,
surgeon, was born July 19, 1845, in
Franklin, N. H. He received his educa
tion in the New Hampshire seminary, and
attended the New York Medical college.
He is a veteran of the civil war, and a
well-known physician and specialist of
Orange, N. J. He has been medical ex
aminer and surgeon, coroner of Essex
county, and filled various other public of
fices of honor.
GILES, CHAUNCEY, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 11, 1813, in Charles-
mont, Mass. He was a Swedenborgian
clergyman of Philadelphia, and of much
prominence in his denomination. He was
the author of The Nature of Spirit; The
Second Coming of Our Lord; Perfect
Prayer; Man as a Spiritual Being; The In
carnation; The Wonderful Pocket; The
Magic Spectacles, a fairy tale; The Gate of
Pearl; The Magic Shoes, and Other Stor
ies; Heavenly Blessedness; The New Je
rusalem; The Spiritual World; and The
Valley of the Diamonds, and Other Stor
ies. He died in 1893.
GILES, ELLA AUGUSTA, author, was
born in 1851 in Wisconsin. She is a
writer of Madison, Wis.; and the author
of Bachelor Ben; Out from the Shadows;
Maiden Rachel; and Flowers of the Spirit.
GILES, HENRY, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 1, 1809, in Ireland. He
was a Unitarian minister of Liverpool,
England, and after 1840 a literary lec
turer in the United States. He was the
author of Lectures and Essays; Christian
Thought on Life; Illustrations of Genius;
Human Life in Shakespeare; and Lec
tures on the Irish, and Other Subjects.
He died July 10, 1882, in Boston, Mass.
GILES, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born about 1788 in North Carolina. In
1829 he was elected a member of the house
of representatives in congress from North
Carolina, but resigned before taking his
seat, on account of ill-health. He died
March 2, 1846, in Stanley county, N. C.
GILES, WILLIAM BRANCH, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, gov
ernor, was born Aug. 12, 1762, in Amelia
county, Va. He was a representative in
congress from 1790 to 1798, and again
from 1801 to 1802. In 1801 and 1805 he
was a presidential elector; and was a
United States senator from 1804 to 1816.
He was subsequently a member of the leg
islature. From 1826 to 1829 he was gov
ernor of his native state. He died Dec.
4, 1830, in Albemarle county, Va.
GILES, WILLIAM FELL, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born April 8, 1807,
in Harford county, Md. He was elected
to the state legislature in 1837 to 1839; in
1845 was elected to congress; declined a
renomination; and in 1853 was appointed
United States district judge for the dis
trict of Maryland.
GILFILLAN, CALVIN W., educator,
lawyer, congressman, was born Feb. 20,
1832, in Mercer county, Pa. In 1857 he
was elected superintendent of public in
struction for Mercer county; in 1861 was
appointed district attorney for Venango
county; and in 1862 was elected to the
same position. In 1868 he was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-first congress as a republican.
GILFILLAN, CHARLES DUNCAN,
lawyer, was born July 4, 1831, in New
Hartford, N. Y. St. Paul sent him three
times to the lower house of the Minneso
ta legislature and three times to the
senate, and he has also been president
of the St. Paul water board. The Gil-
fillan block and other business buildings
in the city belong to him.
GILFILLAN, JAMES, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 9, 1829, in Ban-
nockburn, Scotland. He served in the
south till the end of the civil war, and in
1864 was commissioned colonel of the
eleventh Minnesota. He was treasurer of
the United States during 1877-83.
GILFILLAN, JOHN B., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 11,
1835, at Barnet, Vt. He was prosecuting
attorney of Hennepin county, Minn., from
1863 to 1867, and from 1869 to 1873; and
was city attorney of Minneapolis from
1861 to 1864. He was a member of the
state senate of Minnesota from 1875 to
1885; became regent of the state univer
sity of Minnesota in 1880, and continued
in that office. He was elected a represen
tative from Minnesota to the forty-ninth
congress as a republican.
GILFILLAN, JOSEPH A., clergyman,
missionary. He has been a noted mis
sionary of the protestant episcopal church
for twenty-five years among the Chippe-
way Indians at White Earth, Minn. He is
superintendent of all the six thousand
Chippeways scattered in northern Min
nesota.
GILL, MOSES, lieutenant-governor. He
was elected lieutenant-governor of Massa
chusetts in 1797; and was acting govern
or of the state from 1799 to 1800.
GILL, ROSALIE LORRAINE, artist,
was born Sept. 2, 1867, in Elmira, N. Y.
She paints landscapes and still life, as
well as portraits.
GILL, THEODORE NICHOLAS, educa
tor, naturalist, author, was born March
21, 1837, in New York city. He is a nat
uralist, professor of zoology in the Colum
bian university, Washington, D. C.; and
the author of Arrangement of the Fami
lies of Mollusks; Arrangement of the
Families of Fishes; Arrangement of the
Families of Mammals; Catalogue of the
Fishes of the East Coast of North Ameri
ca; and Scientific and Popular Views of
Nature Contrasted.
GILL, WILLIAM B., telegraph man
ager, was born Dec. 27, 1847, in Philadel
phia, Pa. During 1866-81 he was with the
Western Union company, rising through
all the grades to the superintendency. In
1881 he accepted a contract to build the
Bankers' and Merchants' telegraph line
between Philadelphia and New York,
which he completed within four months;
and then took another contract to erect
a line to Pittsburg. In 1882 he became the
general superintendent of the Delaware
and Atlantic Telegraph and Telephone
company, which he resigned two years
later to accept the superintendency of the
sixth district of the Western Union Tele
graph company. He is vice-president and
director in a number of local telegraph
and telephone companies in sundry towns
within his district.
402
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GILL, WILLIAM IRELAND, author.
He is the author of Evolution and Prog
ress; Analytical Processes; and Christian
Conception and Experience.
GILL, WILLIAM FEARING, author. He
is the author of The Martyred Church;
Home Recreations; and Life of Poe.
GILLAM, GEORGE F., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Nov. 7, 1836, in
Middlesex, N. Y. He was a member of the
Michigan state legislature in 1871-72.
Since 1872 he has practiced law in Lan
sing; was justice of the peace during
1877-81; and probate judge of his county
during 1881-85.
GILLEM, ALVAN CULLEM, soldier,
state legislator, was born July 29, 1830, in
Jackson county, Tenn. He was a member
of the first legislature of Tennessee. He
served on the Texas frontier and in Cali
fornia; and led the troops in the Modoc
campaign. He died Dec. 2, 1875, in Nash
ville, Tenn.
GILLESPIE, EUGENE P., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 24, 1852, in
Greensville, Pa. He is a successful law
yer in his native city; and was elected to
the fifty-second congress as a democrat.
GILLESPIE, GEORGE, clergyman, au
thor, born in 1683 in Glasgow, Scotland.
He was a presbyterian clergyman, once
prominent in Delaware; and the author of
Treatise Against Deists and Free Think
ers; Letters to the Presbytery of New
York; and Remarks upon Mr. George
Whitefield. He died Jan. 2, 1760.
GILLESPIE, GEORGE DE NORMAN-
DIE, bishop of western Michigan, was
born June 14, 1819, in Goshen, N. Y. The
bishop has published, besides sermons
and tracts, Manual and Annals of the
Diocese of Michigan.
GILLESPIE, HENRY LA FAYETTE,
merchant, clergyman, reformer, was born
Sept. 4, 1863, in Delaware county, Iowa.
He graduated from the Lumbard univer
sity; has attained eminence as a success
ful missi.onary of the universalist church
in Iowa. Prior to entering the ministry
he was engaged in mercantile business.
GILLESPIE, JAMES, congressman. He
was a member of the provincial congress
of North Carolina; and was a represen
tative in the United States congress from
that state from 1793 to 1799, and from
1803 to 1805. He died Jan. 10, 1805.
GILLESPIE, JOHN A., educator, was
born June 5, 1845, in Newville, Pa. He
received his education at the Iowa State
university. For six years he was a teach
er in the Iowa School for the Deaf;, and
for twenty years has been superintendent
of the Nebraska School for the Deaf, at
Omaha. He is prominent in educational
affairs; and president of the American
Association to Promote Auricular Train
ing.
GILLESPIE, NEAL HENRY, college
president, educator, clergyman, was born
in 1832 in Brownsville, Pa. In 1859 foe was
made president of the College of St. Mary
of the Lake of Chicago. He was for sev
eral years editor of The Ave Maria, and
was also spiritual director of several re
ligious and literary societies connected
with the university of Notre Dame. He
died Nov. 12, 1874, in St. Mary's, Ind.
GILLESPIE, WILLIAM MITCHELL,
educator, author, was born in 1816 in New
York. He was a professor of civil en
gineering at Union college in 1845-68; and
the author of Rome as seen by a New
Yorker; Roads and Railroads; Manual for
Roadmaking; Principles and Practice of
Land Surveying; Levelling; Topography
and Higher Surveying; and Philosophy
of Mathematics. He died Jan. 1, 1868, in
New York.
GILLET, CHARLES W., soldier, con
gressman, was born Nov. 26, 1840, in Ad-
dison, N. Y. He enlisted as a private in
the eighty-sixth reg
iment New York vol
unteers, August,
1861; was made ad
jutant of the regi
ment in 1861, and
served as adjutant
until discharged from
the service for disa
bilities in 1863. He
was elected to the
fifty-third, fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a re
publican; and is a member of several im
portant committees.
GILLET, RANSOM H., lawyer, con
gressman, author, was born Jan. 27, 1800,
in New Lebanon, N. Y. In 1827 he was
appointed brigade-major and inspector of
militia. In 1830 he was appointed post
master of Ogdensburg, which office he filled
three years. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress; and re-elected in
1834. In 1845 he was appointed register
for the treasury, serving until 1847, when
he was appointed solicitor of the treasury,
in which office he continued until the au
tumn of 1849. In 1855-58 he was assistant
to the attorney-general of the United
States. He was the author of History of
the Democratic Party; The Federal Gov
ernment; and Life of Silas Wright.
GILLETT, EZRA HALL, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born July 15, 1823, in
Colchester, Conn. He was a presbyter
ian clergyman of New York city, and
professor of political economy in the uni
versity of New York from 1868. He was
the author of History of the Presbyterian
Church in the United States; Life of John
Huss; God in Human Thought; The Moral
System; Life Lessons in the School of
Christianity; What Then? or the Soul's
To-Morrow; and Ancient Cities and Em
pires. He died Sept. 2, 1875, in Harlem,
N. Y.
GILLETT, FREDERICK HUNTING-
TON, lawyer, congressman, was born Oct.
16, 1851, in Westfield, Mass. He graduated
atAmherst college in
1874 and at Harvard
Law school in 1877;
and was admitted to
the bar in Springfield
in 1877. He was as
sistant attorney-gen
eral of Massachus
etts from 1879 to
1882; and was elected
to the Massachu
setts house of repre
sentatives in 1890
and 1891. He was
elected to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses, and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
GILLETT, OREN M., lawyer, banker,
was born March 12, 1850, in Bergen, N. Y.
In 1875 he was admitted to the bar in In
dependence, Iowa. During 1881-90 he was
clerk of the district and circuit courts of
Buchanan county, Iowa; in 1890-92 he
was cashier of the Commercial State bank
of Independence, Iowa; and since the lat
ter date has been president of that finan
cial institution.
GILLETTE, ABRAM DUNN, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 8, 1807,
in Cambridge, Washington county, N. Y.
He published a History of the Eleventh
Baptist Church of Philadelphia; Memoir
of the Rev. Daniel H. Gillette; and Pas
tor's Last Gift, and edited Social Hymns
and the minutes of the Philadelphia Bap
tist association from 1707 till 1807. He
died Aug. 24, 1882, in Lake George, N. Y.
GILLETTE, EDWARD HOOPER, far
mer, journalist, legislator, congressman,
was born Oct. 1, 1840, in Bloomfield. Conn.
_ _ He received his edu-
"^^ cation at the Hart
ford High school and
the New York State
jf If Agricultural college.
He served with dis-
Y* /««4 Unction as a member
N-j- Jfl^ ot the forty-sixth
congress from the
Des Moines district,
Iowa. As an advocate
of populist and other
reforms he has
gained a national
reputation; and has been successful as a
farmer, editor and public speaker. His
father was Francis Gillette, a farmer and
United States senator from Connecticut;
and an associate of Charles Sumner, and
the frequent candidate of the old free
soil party for governor of Connecticut.
GILLETTE, FRANCIS, United States
senator, was born Dec. 14, 1807, in Bloom-
field, Conn. He was a senator in con
gress from Connecticut during the session
of 1854-55, to fill a vacancy. He died Sept.
30, 1879, in Hartford, Conn.
GILLETTE, MRS. LUCIA FIDELIA
WOOLLEY, minister, lecturer, author, po
et, was born in 1827 in Madison county, N.
Y. She received her education at the Caze-
novia seminary and the Bridgewater
academy. She .was the daughter of a noted
universalist minister; and was herself or
dained to the ministry in 1873. She has
held the office of state missionary and of
pastor; and for many years was promi
nent in the lecture field. In her youth she
contributed to the Boston Repository and
the New York Tribune. She is the au
thor of A Memoir of Her Father; Peb
bles From the Shore; Editorials and
Other Waifs; and in connection with her
daughter published a volume .entitled
Floating Leaves.
GILLETTE, WILLIAM HOOKER, act
or, author, was born July 24, 1853, in
Hartford, Conn. He was an actor and
playwright, among whose plays are Held
by the Enemy; The Professor; Esmeral-
da; and The Private Secretary.
GILLEY, SILAS ALFRED, soldier,
clergyman, prohibitionist, was born April
21, 1845, in Farmersville, N. Y. For three
years he served in the union army, and
was promoted while in his teens. He is
now pastor of the methodist church of
Marengo, Iowa; and editor of the Sun
day-school Quarterlies of his denomina
tion.
GILLHAM, ROBERT, civil engineer,
was born Sept. 25, 1854, in New York city.
He is vice-president of the Kansas City
Elevated Railway
company, and d e -
signed and built the
I road as chief engi
neer. He organized
the Kansas City Ca
ble Railway c o m -
pany, and as chief
engineer constructed
the railway, includ
ing the steep incline
at the Union depot.
Kansas City; also
the Eighth Street
Tunnel and Elevated railway, near the
Union depot, which are monuments to
his engineering skill and science. Among
other noted engineering works executed
by him are the Omaha Cable Railway sys-
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
403
tern, the Denver City Cable Railway sys
tem, the Montague Cable railway of
Brooklyn, N. Y.; the Cleveland City Cable
railway, Cleveland, Ohio. He is a recog
nized authority on the subject of com
pressed air, and visited Europe in the in
terests of a wealthy syndicate and made
extensive experiments and tests of the
various applications in the use of com
pressed air abroad. He has made suc
cessful demonstrations of the feasibility
of operating street cars by the use of
compressed air. He was elected president
of the Engineers' club of Kansas City, and
is a member of various other engineering
and scientific societies. He is president
of the Armourdale Foundry company,
Kansas City, and one of the park com
missioners of Kansas City, Mo.
GILLIAM, DAVID TOD, educator, sur
geon, author, was born April 3, 1844, in
Hebron, Ohio. He was elected president
of the Columbus Academy of Medicine.
He is the author of Essentials of Path
ology, and A Pocket-Book of Medicine.
GILLIG, GEORGE, brewer, was born
Oct. 9, 1809, in Germany. He began the
brewery business in New York city in
1840, and was the first to brew lager beer
in 1846.
GILLIGAN, JOHN PHILIP, surgeon,
was born Jan. 14, 1897, in Elizabethtown,
N. Y. He graduated from the Medical
Union university, and has attained prom
inence as one of the foremost surgeons
of the west. He has been surgeon to sev
eral large railway corporations; secre
tary to the United States pension board;
a member of the insanity commission;
and has held various other public posi
tions of honor. He has a large practice
in Nebraska, and resides in O'Neill.
GILLIN, CHARLES WESLEY, physi
cian, surgeon, was born Sept. 9, 1865, in
Ebensburg, Pa. He received his educa
tion at the Waterloo college, Iowa; and
graduated in medicine from the Rush
Medical college of Chicago. He is one of
the most successful physicians and sur
geons of his native state. He has been
president of the local board of health; is
local railroad surgeon; and a member
of various local and state medical so
cieties.
GILLIS, JAMES HENRY LAWRENCE,
naval officer, was born May 14, 1831, in
Ridgeway, Pa. He served in the United
States navy during the civil war; and
received the rank of commodore.
GILLIS, JAMES L., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Oct. 2, 1792, in Heb
ron, N. Y. He was commissioned in 1814
a lieutenant by the governor of New
York. In 1840 he was elected to the leg
islature of Pennsylvania; and in 1842 was
appointed one of the judges of Jefferson
county. In 1845 he was elected to the
state senate; and in 1851 was again re-
elected to the lower house; and was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania in the thirty-fifth congress.
GILLISS, JAMES MELVILLE, astrono
mer, author, was born Sept. 6, 1811, in
Georgetown, D. C. He was an astronomer
of distinction in charge of the naval ob
servatory at Washington; and the author
of United States Astronomical Expedition
to the Southern Hemisphere; and Obser
vations at the Naval Observatory. He
died Feb. 9, 1865, in Washington, D. C.
GILLMAN, HENRY, scientist, diplo
mat, author, was born Nov. 16, 1833, in
Ireland. He served as United States con
sul at Jerusalem until 1891. He is the
author of The Wild Flowers and Gardens
of Jerusalem and Palestine.
GILLMORE, QUINCY ADAMS, soldier,
author, was born Feb. 28, 1825, in Black
River, Ohio. He was a military engineer
in charge of the fed
eral bombardment of
Charleston in 1863.
He was a major-gen
eral of volunteers in
the civil war, and a
high authority o n
engineering matters.
He was the author of
Siege and Reduction
of Fort P u 1 a s k i ;
Limes, Hydraulic
Cements, and Mor
tars; Engineer and
Artillery Operations Against the Defences
of Charleston; and Compressive Strength,
etc., of Building Stones of the United
States. He died April 8, 1888, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
GILLMORE, ROBERT HAMILTON,
journalist, lawyer, was born Nov. 14,
1822, in Newark, Ohio. He graduated
from the university
of Ohio, and was ad
mitted to the bar in
1855 at Zanesville,
where he edited the
Zanesville Gazette
during 1854-55. In
1856 he moved to
Keokuk, Iowa, where
he became one of the
leading lawyers of
the state. In 1864-65
he was assistant
United States dis
trict attorney; and in 1867 formed a part
nership with James H. Anderson, which
continued until Mr. Gillmore's death.
GILLON, ALEXANDER, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1793 to 1794. He
died in 1794.
OILMAN, ARTHUR, architect, was
born Nov. 5, 1821, in Newburyport, Mass.
He designed and built the Boston city
hall, which is regarded as his best work.
He died July 11, 1882, in Syracuse, N. Y.
OILMAN, ARTHUR, educator, author,
was born June 22, 1837, in Alton, 111. He
is an educator of Cambridge, and the or
ganizer of Radcliffe college. He is the
author of First Steps in English Litera
ture; Seven Historic Ages; First Steps
in English History; History of the Amer
ican People; Rome from the Earliest
Times; Tales of the Pathfinders; Short
Stories from the Dictionary; The Sara
cens; Colonization of America; The Dis
covery of America; and The Making of
the American Nation. He has also edited
the Riverside Chaucer.
GILMAN, ARTHUR B., railroad presi
dent, was born June 18, 1856, in Haver-
hill, Mass. Since 1893 he has been presi
dent of the Phillips and Rangeley railroad
at Haverhill, Mass.
GILMAN, MRS. CAROLINE HOWARD,
author, poet, was born Oct. 8, 1794, in
Boston, Mass. She is the author of Recol
lections of a Southern Matron; Recollec
tions of a New England Housekeeper;
The Sibyl, or New Oracles from the Poets;
Verses of a Lifetime; Poetry of Traveling
in the United States; Ruth Raymond; and
Stories and Poems.
GILMAN, CHANDLER ROBBINS, phy
sician, educator, author, was born Sept. 6,
1802, in Marietta, Ohio. He was a physi
cian of New York city, and professor from
1841 in the college of Physicians and Sur
geons. He was the author of Legends of
a Log Cabin; Life on the Lakes; Life
of J. B. Beck; The Relations of the
Medical to the Legal Profession; and
Tracts on Generation. He died Sept. 26,
1865, in Middletown, Conn.
GILMAN, CHARLES J., state legislator,
congressman, was born in New Hamp
shire. He served in the legislature of
that state in 1854. He removed to Maine;
and was elected a representative to the
thirty-fifth congress from that state.
GILMAN, DANIEL COIT, educator, col
lege president, author, was born July 6,
1831, in Norwich, Conn. He is an edu
cator of prominence; was president of
the university of California; and is now
the honored president o'f Johns Hopkins
university from 1875. He is the author
of Our National Schools in Science; and
Life of James Monroe.
GILMAN, JOHN TAYLOR, soldier, con
gressman, governor, was born Dec. 19,
1753, in Exeter, N. H. He was a volunteer
in the revolutionary army; a delegate
from New Hampshire in 1780 to the Hart
ford convention; a delegate to the conti
nental congress in 1782 and 1783, the
latter year succeeding his father as
treasurer of New Hampshire. He was
governor of New Hampshire from 1794
to 1805, and again from 1813 to 1815, when
he declined a re-election. He died Sept.
1, 1828, in New Hampshire.
GILMAN, NICHOLAS, congressman,
United States senator, was born Aug. 3,
1775, in Exeter, N. H. He was a delegate
from New Hampshire to the continental
congress from 1786 to 1788. He was
elected a representative in congress from
1789 to 1797; and was a senator in con
gress from New Hampshire from 1805 to
1814. He died May 2, 1814, in Exeter,
N. H.
GILMAN, NICHOLAS PAINE, educator,
author, was born Dec. 21, 1849, in Quincy,
111. Since 1895 he has filled the chair of
sociology in the Meadville Theological
school, Pennsylvania. He is the author
of Profit-Sharing between Employer and
Employee; The Laws of Daily Conduct;
and Socialism and the American Spirit.
GILMAN, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 16, 1791, in Gloucester,
Mass. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
Charleston in 1819-58. He published Me
moirs of a New England Choir; The His
tory of a Ray of Light; Pleasures and
Pains of a Student's Life; Contributions
to Literature; and was the author of
the noted college song. Fair Harvard. He
died Feb. 9, 1858, in Kingston, Mass.
GILMAN, MRS. STELLA SCOTT, au
thor, was born in Alabama. She is the
author of Mothers in Council.
GILMER, GEORGE ROCKINGHAM,
soldier, congressman, governor, was born
April 11, 1790, in Oglethorpe county, Ga.
He was first lieuten
ant of the forty-third
regiment, United
States army, and
participated in the
Creek war. In 1818
he entered upon the
practice of his pro
fession; and was
elected to the state
legislature in 1818,
1819, and 1824. He
was a representative-
in congress from
Georgia from 1821 to 1823, from 1827 to
1829, and from 1833 to 1835; and was gov
ernor of the state for the terms com
mencing in 1829 and 1837. He was the
author of a book entitled The Georgians,
which contains much useful and interest
ing information touching the early settle
ment of his native state. He died Nov.
15, 1859, in Lexington, Ga.
404
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GILMER, JEREMY FRANCIS, soldier,
civil engineer, was born Feb. 23, 1818, in
Guilford county, N. C. He was appointed
major of engineers in 1861, and in 1863
was promoted major-general.
GILMER, JOHN ALEXANDER, soldier,
educator, lawyer, congressman, was born
Nov. 4, 1805, in Guilford county, N. C.
He was a member of the state senate from
1846 to 1856, and was elected a represen
tative to the thirty-fifth congress. He
was re-elected to the thirty-sixth con
gress, and withdrew in 1861. He died
May 14, 1868, in Greensborough.
GILMER, THOMAS WALKER, lawyer,
journalist, congressman, governor, was
born in Virginia. He served frequently
in the legislature, and was speaker of the
house. He was governor of the state in
1840; and was a representative in con
gress from Virginia from 1841 to 1843.
He was secretary of the navy under Pres
ident Tyler. He died Feb. 28, 1844, near
Washington, D. C.
GILMOR, HARRY, soldier, author, was
born Jan. 24, 1838, in Baltimore county,
Md. He joined the confederate army; was
rapidly promoted; and was appointed pro
vost marshal of Gettysburg. In 1874 he
was elected police commissioner of Balti
more. He was the author of Four Years
in a Saddle. He died March 4, 1883, in
Baltimore, Md.
GILMORE, ALFRED, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1849 to 1853.
GILMORE, JAMES ROBERTS, mer
chant, journalist, author, was born Sept.
10, 1823, in Boston, Mass. In earlier life
he was a shipping merchant in New York
city, but during and since the civil war
a journalist and miscellaneous writer. He
is the author of Among the Pines; My
Southern Friends; Down in Tennessee;
Life of Garfield; Among the Guerrillas;
Adrift in Dixie; On the Border; Patriot
Boys; The Rear Guard of the Revolu
tion: John Sevier as a Commonwealth
Builder; and The Advance Guard of West
ern Civilization.
GILMORE, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1829 to 1833. He died
May 18, 1845.
GILMORE, JOHN C., soldier, was born
April 18, 1837, in Canada. He served as
captain, major, and lieutenant in the six
teenth regiment New York volunteer in
fantry; and received the medal of honor
for distinguished conduct in the battle of
Salem Heights for seizing the colors, of
his regiment and gallantly rallying his
men under a very severe fire of the ene
my while serving as major. In 1866 he
entered the regular army, and became a
lieutenant-colonel in 1867. He will be re
tired in 1901.
GILMORE, JOSEPH ATHERTON, rail
road builder, state senator, governor, was
born June 10, 1811, in Weston, Vt. He
was superintendent of the Manchester and
Lawrence railroad from 1853 to 1856; and
also of the Concord and other connecting
lines until 1866. He was state senator in
1858 and 1859; president of that body in
1859; and was governor of New Hamp
shire from 1863 to 1865. He died April
17, 1867, in Concord, N. H.
GILMORE, JOSEPH HENRY, clergy
man, author, was born April 20, 1834, in
Boston, Mass. He is a baptist minister of
Rochester, N. Y.; professor of rhetoric
in the university of Rochester since 1867;
and is the author of Outlines of the Art
of Expression; Outlines of Logic; Eng
lish Language and its Early Literature;
English Literature; and He Leadeth Me,
and Other Poems.
GILMORE, PATRICK SARSFIELD,
musician, bandmaster, was born Dec. 25,
1830, in Ireland. His first great feat as
leader of a jubilee was on the fourth of
March, 1864, after the restoration of New
Orleans to the union, when he collected
ten thousand children and five hundred
instruments to inaugurate the first union
governor of Louisiana. He died Sept. 24,
1892, in St. Louis, Mo.
GILPIN, EDWARD WOODWARD, law
yer, jurist, was born July 15, 1805, in Wil
mington, Del. He was attorney-general
of Delaware in 1840-50; and from 1857
till his death was chief justice of the
state. He died April 29, 1876, in Dover,
Del.
GILPIN, HENRY DILWOOD, jurist, au
thor, was born April 14, 1801, in England.
He was a jurist of Pennsylvania who was
attorney-general of the United States in
1840-41. He edited The Atlantic Souvenir,
the first American literary annual, and
published Reports of Cases in the United
States District Court for Eastern Penn
sylvania; and Opinions of the Attorneys-
General. He also edited the Papers of
President Madison in three volumes. He
died Jan. 29, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GILPIN, JOSHUA, author, poet, was
born Nov. 8, 1765, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was a Philadelphia writer who pub
lished Verses at the Fountain of Vau-
cluse; Farm of Virgil, and Other Poems;
and Memoir on a Canal from the Chesa
peake to the Delaware. He died in 1840,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
GILPIN, THOMAS, manufacturer, was
born March 18, 1728, in Chester county,
Pa. He aided in establishing Wilmington
college, Delaware, and labored for the
construction of a canal between the Ches
apeake and the Delaware. He died April
30, 1778, in Winchester, Va.
GILPIN, THOMAS, manufacturer, in
ventor, was born Sept. 10, 1776, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He became an extensive
paper-manufacturer, and in 1817 con
structed a machine for making paper con
tinuously. He died March 3, 1853, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
GILPIN, WILLIAM, soldier, governor,
was born Oct. 4, 1822, in Brandywine, Pa.
He was appointed first governor of Colo
rado by President Lincoln and was, with
Benjamin F. Hall, the chief justice, and
other officers, instrumental in saving the
territory to the union. He died Jan. 20,
1894.
GILSON, FRANK "RINDGE, journalist,
was born Dec. 30, 1848, in Charlestown,
Mass. He is editor and owner of the Pal
ladium Daily of Benton Harbor, Mich.; and
president of the Michigan Republican
Newspaper association.
GILSTRAP, WILLIAM HENRY, port
rait and landscape painter, prohibitionist,
was born April 24, 1849, in Effingham
county, 111. He was one of the incorpo-
rators of the Bloomington Art association,
and was one of its first trustees. He has
a studio in the Ferry museum of Tacoma,
Wash., of which institution he is the
curator. Since 1870 he has been an active
prohibitionist; in 1892 organized and
was made chairman of the prohibition
party of Tacoma; and has filled numerous
high positions in that party. For several
years he was editor and proprietor of the
Pacific Lancet; and is the author of sev
eral works.
GIRARD, CHARLES, naturalist, author,
was born March 9, 1822, in France. He
is a naturalist who came to the United
States with Agassiz in 1847; and is the
author of Life in its Physical Aspects:
Contributions to the Fauna of Chili; and
Herpetology of the Wilkes Expedition.
GIRARD, STEPHEN, merchant, phi
lanthropist, was born May 24, 1750, near
Bordeaux, France. In 1780 he engaged in
the West India trade, and acquired a for
tune. He founded the Girard college of
Philadelphia for the education and main
tenance of orphans. He died Dec. 26, 1831,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
GIRARDEAU, JOHN L., clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1825, in South Carolina.
He is a presbyterian clergyman of South
Carolina, and professor of systematic
theology in Columbia Theological semi
nary from 1876. He is the author of Cal
vinism and Evangelical Arminianism
Compared; and The Will in its Theologi
cal Relations.
GIST, JOSEPH, lawyer, congressman,
was born in 1775, in South Carolina. He
served in the legislature of his native
state for eighteen years: and was a rep
resentative in congress from South Caro
lina from 1821 to 1827. He served as a
trustee of the state college. He died May
8, 1835.
GIST, MORDECAI, soldier, merchant,
planter, was born ir. 1743, in Baltimore,
Md. He served with distinction through
the revolutionary
war, was promoted
to brigadier-general,
and was present at
the surrender o f
Cornwallis. With the
cessation of hostili
ties he purchased a
plantation at Char
leston, S. C., where
he resided until the
close of his life. He
died Sept. 2, 1792, in
Charleston, S. C.
GIST, WILLIAM H., governor, was
born in South Carolina. He was governor
of that state from 1858 to 1860.
GITHENS, COURNELLI E., poet, was
born Dec. 27, 1863, in Cameron, Ohio. He
is the author of numerous poems which
have appeared in current periodicals.
GITTINGS, ELLA PAMELA BEECH-
ER, educator, author, poet, was born Feb.
18, 1852, in Oberlin, Ohio. She received
her education at the Oberlin and Iowa
colleges, and prior to her marriage taught
school. She has attained success as a
writer of stories and poems; and has
taken an active part in the world's con
gress, etc.
GIVEN, WILLIAM, naval officer, was
born Dec. 5, 1832, in Columbus, Ohio. He
entered the United States navy as a mid
shipman, and was successively promoted
lieutenant and lieutenant-commander.
He died Jan. 3, 1863.
GLADDEN, ADLEY H., soldier, was
born in South Carolina. In 1861 he was
appointed a brigadier-general in the con
federate army; was wounded at the battle
of Shiloh: and died soon afterward.
GLADDEN, WASHINGTON, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 11, 1836, in
Pittsgrove, Pa. He is a congregational
clergyman of Columbus, Ohio. He is the
author of The Lord's Prayers; Seven
Homilies; The Christian League of Con
necticut; Things New and Old; Amuse
ments, their Uses and Abuses; Plain
Thoughts on the Art of Living; From the
Hub to the Hudson; Being a Christian;
Working-People and their Employers:
The Christian Way; The Young Man and
the Church; Applied Christianity; Parish
Problems; Tools and the Man; Who
Wrote the Bible?; Ruling Ideas of the
Present Age; The Cosmopolis City Club;
;ind Burning Questions, a volume of ser
mons.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
405-
GLASCOCK, JOHN RAGLAND, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 25, 1845, in
Panola county, Miss. He was district at
torney of Alameda county, Cal., in 1875-
77; and was elected to the forty-eighth
congress as congressman at large from
California as a democrat.
GLASCOCK, THOMAS, soldier, con
gressman. He was appointed colonel of
the troops ordered out by the legislature
in defense of the state against the In
dians on the western frontier, and was
afterwards elected general of militia. He
was a representative in congress from
Georgia from 1836 to 1839. He died May
9, 1841, in Decatur, Ga.
GLASGOW, ELLEN, author, was born
in 1875, in Virginia. She is a novelist of
Richmond, Va.; and the author of The
Descendant: a Novel.
GLASGOW, HUGH, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1813 to 1817.
GLASGOW, S. L., soldier, legislator,
was born in 1838, in Winchester, Ohio.
He served in the civil war; and in 1863
for meritorious services received the rank
of brigadier-general. In 1879 he was
elected to the Iowa state legislature.
GLASS, PRESLEY T.. merchant, jour
nalist, legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 18, 1824, in Halifax county, Va. He
received his educa
tion at the Dresden
academy, Tennessee;
t and at the Lexington
I Law school. During
•B %Kw oBI the war he was in
I the confederate ser-
I \ice; was a commis-
I sary, with the rank
I of major. He served
^. I as a member of the
Tennessee legisla
ture in 1847; and
again in 1883. Dur
ing his second term in the Tennessee leg
islature he introduced and secured the
passage of the bill to create the agri
cultural experiment station at Knoxville,
Tenn. He served as a member from
Tennessee in the forty-ninth and fiftieth
congresses; and while a member of that
body he was the author of the law to ele
vate agriculture to the level of commerce
and manufactures. He has been a suc
cessful merchant and journalist of Rip-
ley, Tenn.
GLASSCOCK. JOHN R., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 25, 1845, in
Panola county, Miss. In 1875 he was
elected district attorney of Alameda
county, Cal., and ser\ed one term, declin
ing a renomination. He was elected a
representative from California to the
forty-eighth congress.
GLASSMANN, WILLIAM, journalist,
politician, was born Nov. 12, 1858, in
Davenport. Iowa. In 1871 he left home
and went west to
seek his fortune. In
1890 he was one of
the first republican
organizers in the
state of Utah; and
has always taken an
active part in politi
cal affairs. He is
now the editor and
proprietor of The
Daily Standard of
Ogden. Utah, a silver
republican news-
paper, which has become very popular in
the west. He has filled many positions of
honor in his adopted state, and is an ard
ent exponent of silver.
I
GLASSON, JOHN J., naval officer, was
born in New York city. He commanded
the store-ship Lexington in Perry's Japan
expedition in 1853-54; was appointed com
mander in 1855, and stationed at New
Bedford, Mass., from 1861 till 1863. He
died March 12, 1882, in New York city.
GLAZEBROOK, OTIS A., clergyman,
was born Oct. 13, 1845, in Richmond, Va.
In 1875 he was made chaplain of the fa
mous fifth Maryland regiment; and built
the church of the Holy Trinity. In 1885
he was called to St. John's church of
Elizabeth, N. J.
GLAZIER, GEORGE WILLIAM, civil
engineer, inventor, was borri Sept. 2, 1838,
in Gardiner, Maine. He is the inventor
of spool cotton and paper-box machinery;
and is also engaged in their manufacture.
GLAZIER, WILLARD, soldier, author,
was born Aug. 22, 1841, in Fowler, N. Y.
He was a captain in the federal army
during the civil war. He is the author of
Captured, Prison-Pen, and Escape; Three
Years in the Federal Cavalry; Battles for
the Union; Heroes of Three Wars; Pe
culiarities of Great Cities; and Down the
Great River.
GLEASON, FREDERIC GRANT, musi
cian, composer, was born Dec. 17, 1848,
in Middletown,' Conn. In 1876 he went to
Chicago, where he is musical critic of the
Tribune. His chief compositions are two
operas of the grand romantic type, Otho
Visconti and Montezuma.
GLEASON, MRS. RACHEL BROOKS,
physician, author, was born in 1820, in
Vermont. She is a physician of Elmira,
N. Y., for many years in charge of the
Gleason sanitarium. She has published
Talks to My Patients.
GLEASON, WILLIAM E., jurist, was
born in Maryland. He emigrated to Dako
ta, where he was appointed United States
judge for that territory, residing at Yank-
ton.
GLEIM, CHRISTIAN, journalist, was
born Jan. 10, 1780, in Lancaster county,
Pa. He settled in Harrisburg in 1812, and
was appointed to print the senate journal
in English. Afterward he established and
edited The Pennsylvanian. He died Sept.
21, 1861, in Pittsburg, Pa.
GLEIM, GEORGE CHRISTIAN, soldier,
was born in 1736. He took part in the
war of the revolution and was severely
wounded near Philadelphia. He died July
21, 1817, in Lancaster county, Pa.
GLEN, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was born
in Maryland. He was for many years a
judge of the United States district court
of Maryland. He died July 8, 1853, in
Baltimore, Md.
GLENDY, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born June 24, 1755, in Ireland. In
1806 he served as chaplain of the United
States house of representatives, and in
1815 and 1816 of the senate. He published
an Oration in Commemoration of Wash
ington, delivered in Staunton in 1800. He
died Oct. 4, 1832, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GLENDY, WILLIAM MARSHALL,
naval officer, was born in 1801, in Vir
ginia. He was promoted to the rank of
commodore in 1862, and in the following
year was made prize commissioner in
Washington, D. C. He died July 16, 1873,
in Baltimore, Md.
GLENN, ELIAS, jurist, was born in
Maryland. He was appointed judge of the
United States court for that state.
GLENN, HENRY, congressman, was
born in 1741. He took an active part in
the revolutionary war; and was a repre
sentative from New York in congress from
1793 to 1801. He died in 1814, in Schenec-
tady.
GLENN, JAMES, governor, author. He
was governor of South Carolina from
1744 till 1755. He published A Descrip
tion of South Carolina.
GLENN, JOHN THOMAS, lawyer, was
born March 21, 1846, in Walton county,
Ga. He has served as city attorney of
Atlanta; solicitor-general; mayor of At
lanta; and member of the board of edu
cation.
GLESSNER, DOUGLAS, journalist,
public official, was born in Delaware,
Ohio. In 1882 he moved to Griffin, Ga.,
where he is the editor and proprietor of
the News and Sun.
GLESSNER, OLIVER J., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born Oct. 11, 1828. In
1864 he was elected judge of the eighth
judicial district,
composed of the
counties of Morgan,
S'h e 1 b y , Johnson,
Brown, and Monroe.
In 1870 he was
elected by his party
to the state senate,
as a member for the
counties of Shelby
and Bartholomew,
serving as such for
four years. He has
also filled numerous
public offices in the gift of his county and
state.
GLICK, GEORGE W., farmer, lawyer,
governor, was born July 4, 1827, in Green-
castle, Ohio. He served nine sessions in
the house and senate of the Kansas legis
lature. He served with distinction as
go\ernor of Kansas for one term; and
was twice United States pension agent for
the Topeka district by appointment of
President Cleveland.
GLIDDEN, CHARLES JASPER, bank
er, was born Aug. 29, 1857, in Lowell,
Mass. He is president of the Traders'
National bank of Lowell.
GLISAN, RODNEY, physician, author,
was born Jan. 29, 1827, in Linganore, Md.
He is a physician of Portland, Ore., emeri
tus professor of obstetrics in Willamette
university; and the author of Journal of
Army Life; Modern Midwifery; and Two
Years in Europe.
GLISSON, OLIVER S., naval officer,
was born Jan. 18, 1809. in Ohio. In 1826
he was made a midshipman; captain in
1862; commodore in 1866; and rear-ad
miral in 1870. He was retired in 1871.
GLONINGER, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre-
sentathe from that state in the twelfth
congress; and resigned before the expira
tion of his term.
GLORIEUX, ALPHONSUS JOSEPH,
catholic bishop, was born Feb. 1, 1844,
in Belgium. He received his education at
the college of Cour-
trai, Belgium; at the
American College of
Louvain, Belgium;
and at the university
of Louvain. In 1867
'he was ordained to
the priesthood: and
served as a mission
ary in the south
western diocese of
Oregon. He has been
rector of St. Paul's
church, Oregon ;
principal of St. Michael's college of Port
land, Ore.; and on April 19, 1885, was
principal of St. Michael's college, of Port
land, Ore.; and on April 19, 1885, was
consecrated catholic bishop of Boise City,
Idaho. The Right Rev. Glorieux is a scho
lastic man, and has contributed largely to
the religious literature of his church.
406
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GLOSSBRENNKR, ADAM J., journalist,
congressman, was born Aug. 31, 1810, in
Hagerstown, Md. In 1861 he was private
secretary to President Buchanan; and in
1863 became one of the founders of the
Philadelphia Age. In 1864 he was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania to
the thirty-ninth congress; and was re-
elected to the fortieth congress.
GLOVER, JOHN MILTON, was born
June 23, 1835, in St. Louis, Mo. He was
elected a representative from Missouri to
the forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses as
a democrat.
GLOVER, JOHN MONTGOMERY, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born Sept.
4, 1834, in Mercer county, Ky. He was
appointed a colonel of cavalry; and was
commissioned colonel of the third Mis
souri volunteer cavalry in 1861. In 1866
he was appointed collector of internal
revenue for the third district of Missouri;
and was elected to the forty-third, forty-
fourth and forty-fifth congresses as a
democrat.
GLOVER, WILLIAM, governor, was
born about 1670. He was governor of
North Carolina during 1706-10.
GLUCK, JAMES FRASER, lawyer, was
born April 28, 1852, in Niagara Falls, N.
Y. He is curator of the Buffalo library,
and has presented that library with one
of the most valuable collections of auto
graphs, manuscripts, and letters in the
United States.
GMEINER, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 5, 1847, in Bavaria. He
is a Roman catholic priest of Milwaukee;
professor of homiletics in St. Francis de
Sales seminary; and is the author of
Die Katholische Kirc-he in den Vereinig-
ten Staaten; Sind wir den Weltende
nahe?; Modern Scientific Views and
Christian Doctrines Compared; The
Spirits of Darkness and their Manifesta
tions on Earth; and The Church and
the Various Nationalities in the United
States.
GOBBLE, AARON EZRA, educator,
college president, was born Feb. 14, 1856,
in Center county, Pa. Since 1887 he lias
been president of the Central Pennsylva
nia college at New Berlin.
GOBIN, HILLARY ASBURY, clergy
man, educator, college president, was
born March 25, 1842, in Terre Haute, Ind.
For six years he was president of the
Baker university of Bald win, Kan.; and in
1895 became president of the De Pauw
university of Greencastle, Ind.
GOBIN, JOHN P. S., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, was born in 1838, in Sun-
bury, Pa. He was admitted to the bar
just before the war
began, and he en
tered the service as
first lieutenant. He
was soon appointed
to the command of
the regiment, and
fought with the
nineteenth army
corps in the Red
river campaign, and
with Sheridan in the
Shenandoah valley;
and was brevetted
brigadier-general. He was provost judge
of South Carolina during the early recon
struction period. He settled at Lebanon,
Pa., in 1866, and organized Post 42. He
was state senator for sixteen years, and
for several years president of the senate.
He has also long been prominent in Ma
sonic and Grand Army circles; and in
1897 was elected commander in chief.
GOBRIGHT, LAWRENCE AUGUSTUS,
journalist, author, was born May 2, 1816,
in Baltimore, Md. He for some years
owned and edited the Washington Star.
He also won fame as an author and lec
turer, Men and Things in Washington
During the Third of a Century being his
best known book. He died May 22, 1879,
in Washington, D. C.
GODBEY, EDGAR W., lawyer, was born
March 2, 1861, in Morristown, Tenn. He
received his education at the Hiwassee
college, Tenn., and at the university of
Alabama. He has devoted himself entire
ly to the law, and has had a large prac
tice involving many novel and intricate
questions.
GODDARD, CALVIN, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born July 17, 1768, in
Shrewsbury, Mass. In 1790 he settled in
Plainfield, from which place he was
elected a representative in the legislature
for nine sessions, during three of which
he was speaker of the house. He removed
to Norwich in 1807; and from 1801 to
1805 was a representative in congress.
From 1815 to 1818 he was judge of the
superior court; and was state's attorney
for the county of New London for five
years, and mayor of Norwich for seven
teen years. He died May 2, 1842, in Nor
wich, Conn.
GODDARD, CALVIN LUTHER, invent
or, was born Jan. 20, 1820, in Covington,
N. Y. He patented solid packing burring
machines, and feed-rolls as an attachment
for the carding-machine; and has devised
several valuable improvements for this
machine.
GODDARD, JOSIAH, clergyman, mis
sionary, was born Oct. 27, 1813, in Wen
dell, Mass. In 1838 he was appointed a
missionary to the Chinese in Siam. He
prepared several tracts, an English and
Chinese vocabulary, and a translation of
the New Testament into Chinese. He died
Sept. 4, 1854, in China.
GODDARD, PAUL BECK, physician,
author, was born Jan. 26, 1811, in Balti
more. He acquired reputation through
his work as an editor of medical books.
These include a series of twelve plates
On the Arteries, and a similar series On
the Nerves. He died July 3, 1866, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
GODDARD, WILLIAM, printer, jour
nalist, was born in 1740, in New London,
Conn. In 1766 he removed to Philadel
phia, where he published the Pennsyl
vania Chronicle. In 1773 he went to Bal
timore and established a daily news
paper. He died Dec. 23, 1817, in Provi
dence, R. I.
GODEY, LOUIS ANTOINE, journalist,
author, was born June 6, 1804, in New
York city. In 1830 he founded Godey's
Lady's Book, the first periodical of the
kind published, which was continued by
him with great success until 1877, w<hen it
was sold to a stock company. He died
Nov. 29, 1878, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GODFREY, BENJAMIN, founder of
Monticello seminary of Godfrey, 111., was
born Dec. 4, 1794, in Chatham, Mass. At
the age of nine years he ran away to sea;
went to Ireland, and there remained until
the war of 1812 brought him home again.
After a brief service in the navy, he ac
quired an education; and subsequently
again sailed the seas as a shipmaster. In
1826 he had acquired a fortune of nearly
a quarter of a million of dollars in silver
in Mexico, of which he was robbed by
Mexican bandits. In 1832 'he settled in
Alton; and there became a successful
wholesale merchant. Gradually the plans
of an institution for religious and mental
education of girls and young women took
shape in his mind; and in 1838 Monti-
cello seminary opened its doors, to which
institution he gave over one hundred
thousand dollars. He died Aug. 13, 1862,
in Godfrey, 111.
GODFREY, THOMAS, soldier, author,
poet, was born Dec. 4, 1736, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a lieutenant in the co
lonial militia who possessed much poetic
ability, and was the first dramatic author
in America. He was the author of The
Court of Fancy; and Juvenile Poems on
Various Subjects, with The Prince of Par-
thia, a Tragedy. He died July 26, 1763,
near Wilmington, N. C.
GODKIN, EDWIN LAWRENCE, jour
nalist, author, was born Oct. 2, 1831, in
Ireland. He is a prominent journalist of
New York city. He came to America in
1856, and since 1865 has been editor of The
Nation, and from 1881 of the Evening
Post. He is the author of Government;
History of Hungary; Reflections and
Comments; and Problems of Democracy.
GODMAN, JOHN D., physician, natural
ist, author, was born Dec. 20, 1794, in
Annapolis, Md. He was a physician and
naturalist of Cincinnati and New York.
He was the author of Rambles of a Natu
ralist; American Natural History; Ir
regularities of Structure and Morbid
Anatomy; and Anatomical Investiga
tions. He died April 17, 1830, in Ger-
mantown, Pa.
GODON, SYLVANUS WILLIAM,' naval
officer, was born June 18, 1809, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was appointed midship
man in 1819. He was made commander
in 1855, and captain in 1861. He died May
10, 1879, in France.
GODSHALK, WILLIAM, merchant,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born Oct.
25, 1817, in East Nottingham, Pa. He
was associate judge of Bucks county from
1871 to 1876; and was elected a represen
tative from Pennsylvania to the forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses as a
republican.
GODWIN, PARKE, journalist, author,
was born Feb. 25, 1816, in Paterson, N. J.
He is a journalist of New York city, the
son-in-law of the poet Bryant, whose
writings he has edited. He was long
connected with the Evening Post, and was
the editor of Putnam's Monthly Magazine
in 1853-55 and in 1867-70. He is the author
of Pacific and Constructive Democracy;
Popular View of the Doctrines of Fou
rier; Vala, a mythological tale; Political
Essays; History of France; Life of Wil
liam Cullen Bryant; Out of the Past, a
collection of essays; Commemorative Ad
dresses; and Handbook of Universal
Biography.
GOEBEL, JULIUS, educator, philolo
gist, author, was born in 1857, in Ger
many. He has been a philologist, and pro
fessor at Leland Stanford Junior univer
sity since 1892. He is the author of a
number of German works.
GOERZ, DAVID, clergyman, educator,
was born June 2, 1849, in Southern Rus
sia. During 1874-75 he taught in a Ger
man school in Illinois, near St. Louis,
Mo. In 1880 he organized the Mennonite
Mutual Fire Insurance company in Kan
sas; in 1887 organized the Bethel College
corporation of Newton, Kan., in which
institution he is now a clergyman.
GOESBRIAND, LOUIS DE, Roman
catholic bishop, was born Aug. 4, 1816,
in France. When the see of Burlington
was created in Vermont, he was nomi
nated its first bishop.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
407
GOESSMANN, CHARLES ANTHONY,
educator, chemist, author, was born June
13, 1827, in Germany. He was elected in
1869 to the chair of chemistry in the
Massachusetts Agricultural college.
GOFP, MRS. HARRIET NEWELL
[KNEELAND], reformer, author, was
born in 1828, in New York. She is a noted
reformer of Brooklyn and elsewhere. She
is the author of Was it an Inheritance?;
Who Cares?; and Episodes in the Life
of Mary Campbell.
GOFF, ISAAC LEWIS, banker, capita
list, was born Aug. 29, 1852, in Taunton,
Mass. He was instrumental in establish
ing the Home Investment company of
Providence, R. I. He is president of the
People's Trust company, and director of
various banking and business corpora
tions.
GOFF, NATHAN, soldier, lawyer, .ju
rist, congressman, was born Feb. 9, 1842,
in Clarksburg, W. Va. He entered the
union army, and served throughout the
war, rising to the rank of brevet briga
dier-general. He was elected a represen
tative in the state legislature in 1867; re-
elected in 1868; and was appointed United
States district attorney and served in that
capacity until January, 1881. In 1881 he
became secretary of the navy. He was
elected a representative from West Vir
ginia to the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, and
fiftieth congresses.
GOFORTH, JOHN, lawyer, was born in
Pennsylvania. In 1873 he was appointed
an attorney-general of the United States.
GOGGIN, WILLIAM L., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 31, 1807, in Bed
ford county, Va. He practiced in several
of the circuit and district courts of the
state; in 1836 was a member of the legis
lature, and in 1837 declined a re-election.
In 1839 he was elected a representative in
congress from Virginia, and was re-elected
in 1841, 1843, and 1847. In 1859 he was
nominated as the whig candidate for gov
ernor of Virginia. He died Jan. 5, 1870,
in Richmond, Va.
GOING, JONATHAN, college president,
founder, was born March 7, 1786, in Read
ing, Vt. He was one of the founders of
the Baptist Theological seminary of New
ton, Mass. He died in November, 1844.
GOLD, THOMAS R., state senator, con
gressman, was born in New York. He
was a member of the state senate from
1797 to 1802; a member of the assembly
in 1808; and a representative in congress
from New York from 1809 to 1813, and
again from 1815 to 1817. He died in 1826.
GOLDENSMITH, WILLIAM RUSSELL,
mineralogist, legislator, was born Sept.
12, 1862, in Nevada county, Cal. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the schools of San Juan, Cal., and gradu
ated from the state university of Califor
nia. He served with distinction as a rep
resentative in the fourth session of the
state legislature of Idaho; and is a noted
mineralogist of that state.
GOLDSBOROUGH, CHARLES WASH
INGTON, congressman, governor. He
was governor of the state of Maryland;
and was a representative in congress
from 1805 to 1817. He died Dec. 13, 1834,
in Shoal Creek, Md.
GOLDSBOROUGH, JOHN RODGERS,
naval officer, was born July 2, 1808, in
Washington, D. C. He became midship
man in 1824, lieutenant in 1837, com
mander in 1855, captain in 1862, and com
modore in 1867. He died June 22, 1877,
in Washington, D. C.
GOLDSBOROUGH, LOUIS MALES-
HERBES, naval officer, was born Feb.
18, 1805, in Washington, D. C. He en
tered the navy in his
youth, and was made
rear-admiral in 1862.
At the time of his
death he had been in
the service longer
than any other naval
officer then living.
He took an active
part in all the prin
cipal naval battles of
the civil war. He
died Feb. 20, 1877, in
Washington, D. C.
His death was a great loss to the navy.
GOLDSBOROUGH, ROBERT, physi
cian, congressman, was born in 1733, in
Cambridge, Md. He was a delegate from
Maryland to the continental congress
from 1774 to 1775. He died Dec. 31, 1788,
in Cambridge, Md.
GOLDSBOROUGH, ROBERT HENRY,
United States senator, was born in 1780.
in New Easton, Md. He was elected
United States senator as an anti-Jackson
democrat, and served from 1813 till 1819.
He was again elected as a whig without
opposition, to fill a vacancy, and served
from 1835 till his death. He died Oct. 5,
1836, in New Easton, Md.
GOLDTHWAITE, GEORGE, lawyer, ju
rist, United States senator, was born Dec.
10, 1809, in Boston, Mass. He was on the
bench of the circuit court, and afterward
of the supreme court, of which he was
chief justice for some years. He was ad
jutant-general of Alabama during the
war. He was elected to the United States
senate in 1870 for the term ending in
1877. He died March 18, 1879, in Mont
gomery, Ala.
GOLDTHWAITE, HENRY, journalist,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, was born
in 1798, in Boston, Mass. He edited a
newspaper, and served in the Alabama
state legislature several terms. From
1839 until his death he was a judge of the
supreme court of Alabama. He died in
1847, in Mobile, Ala.
GOLDZIER, JULIUS, lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 20, 1854, in Austria.
In 1890 he became a member of the city
council of Chicago, and served until the
end of his term in 1892. He was elected
as a democrat to the fifty-third congress.
GOLLADAY, EDWARD I., soldier, edu
cator, lawyer, congressman, was born
Sept. 9, 1831, in Lebanon, Tenn. He
graduated at Cum
berland university;
taught school ;
studied law, and was
admitted to the bar
in 1852. He was
elected to the state
legislature in 1857;
and was a presiden
tial elector in 1860.
He served in the
confederate army as
colonel, and partici
pated in several im
portant engagements. He was elected to
the forty-second congress as a democrat.
GOLLADAY, JACOB S., state senator,
congressman, was born Jan. 19, 1819, in
Lebanon, Tenn. He was a member of the
legislature of that state from Logan coun
ty in 1850, 1851, and 1853; and state sena
tor from 1853 to 1855. In 1867 he was
elected a representative in congress to fill
a vacancy. He resigned in 1870; and
was also elected to the forty-first congress
to fill a vacancy.
GOOCH, DANIEL W., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 8, 1820, in Wells,
Maine. In 1852 he was elected to the
legislature of Massachusetts; in 1853 to
the constitutional convention of the state,
and subsequently a representative in the
thirty-fifth congress from Massachusetts,
for an unexpired term. He was re-elected
to the thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth, and thirty-ninth congresses; and
was again elected to the forty-third con
gress.
GOOCH, FANNY CHAMBERS, author,
was born Dec. 9, 1847, in Hinds county,
Miss. She is the author of Face to Face
with the Mexicans; and other works.
GOOCH, FRANK AUSTIN, educator,
chemist, author, was born May 2, 1852,
in Watertown, Mass. From 1881 till 1884
he was chief chemist of the northern
transcontinental survey, and from 1884
till 1886 assistant chemist to the United
States geological survey in Washington.
In 1886 he was appointed professor of
chemistry in Yale.
GOOD, JAMES ISAAC, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1850, in Pennsylvania.
He is a German reformed clergyman and
educator of Reading, Pa., professor in
Ursinus Theological seminary in 1890-93;
and the author of Origin of the Reformed
Church of Germany; and Rambler Around
Reformed Lands.
GOOD, JAMES MICHENER, pharma
cist, educator, was born Jan. 12, 1842, in
Bucks county, Pa. He has taught phar
macy in Philadelphia and St. Louis; and
in 1895 was elected president of the Amer
ican Pharmaceutical association.
GOOD, JOHN, manufacturer, inventor,
was born in 1844, in Ireland. He is an
inventor and manufacturer of cordage.
. He now manufac
tures on an extended
scale, and besides the
establishment a t
Ravenswood, oper
ates a large cordage
factory at Millwall,
near London, and
another at Great
Grimsby. He has in
contemplation the
building of works in
France, Germany
and Italy. He is the
inventor of the machinery now in general
use for the making of binding twine. He
has large manufacturing establishments
in America and Europe.
GOODALE, DORA READ, poet, was
born Oct. 29, 1866, in Mt. Washington,
Mass. She is the author of Verses from
Sky-Farm; Apple Blossoms; and In
Berkshire with the Wild Flowers. She has
contributed much verse to The Centitfy
and other periodicals, and has also pub
lished Heralds of Easter.
GOODALE, ELAINE, poet, was born
Oct. 9, 1863, in Mt. Washington, Mass.
She and her sister, Dora Read Goodale,
three years younger, by their precocity
as poets have won the endearing name
of the sweet children poets. Their poems
have been published in three volumes;
Apple Blossoms in 1878, and since that
time, In Berkshire with the Wild Flowers,
and All Round the Year.
GOODALE, GEORGE LINCOLN, educa
tor, botanist, author, was born Aug. 3,
1839, in Saco, Maine. He is a botanist of
prominence, and professor of botany at
Harvard university from 1878. He is the
author of The Wild Flowers of America;
Physiological Botany; Concerning a Few
Common Plants; and Useful Plants of the
Future.
408
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GOODALL, ALBERT GALLATIN, en
graver, was born Aug. 31, 1826, in Mont
gomery, Ala. He attained prominence as
a bank-note engraver of New York city,
where he died Feb. 19, 1887.
GOODALL, CHARLES, shipping mer
chant, legislator, was born Dec. 20, 1824,
in England. He served in the California
state legislature. He is part owner of the
Pacific Steam Whaling Co.: two salmon
canneries in Alaska, and the Arctic Oil
works; and his firm now own the Oregon
Coal and Navigation Co.
GOODE, GEORGE BROWN, ichthyolo
gist, author, was born Feb. 13, 1851, in
New Albany, Ind. He was an ichthyolo
gist in the government service; and the
author of Catalogue of the Fishes of the
Bermudas; Annual Resources of the
United States; Game Fishes of the
United States; Beginnings of Natural His
tory in America; Britons, Saxons, and
Virginians; American Fishes, a popular
treatise; Fisheries and Fishing Indus
tries of the United States; and Oceanic
Ichthyology. He died in 1896.
GOODB, GEORGE W., lawyer, was born
March 13, 1868, in Manchester, England.
He received his education in the episco
pal academy of his native city; and at
Willamette unhersity pf Salem, Ore. In
1892 he was admitted to the bar in Ore
gon; and has attained success as an emi
nent lawyer of Moscow, Idaho, where he
has filled various public positions of
honor.
GOODE, JOHN, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born May 27, 1829, in
Bedford county, Va. He was elected a
member of the legislature of Virginia in
1851, and again in 1866. He was elected
to the confederate congress in 1861 ; re-
elected in 1863, and served in that po
sition until the close of the war. He was
a member of the electoral college in 1852,
and again in 1856. He was elected a rep
resentative from Virginia to the forty-
fourth, forty-fifth and forty-sixth con
gresses as a democrat.
GOODE, PATRICK G., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was elected
a representative in congress from Ohio
from 1837 to 1843.
GOODE, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1799 to 1801.
GOODE, SAMUEL WATKINS, lawyer,
capitalist, orator, was born June 11, 1847,
in Stewart county, Ga. He was elected
first president of the Atlanta real estate
board; and has attained note as an ora
tor.
GOODE, WILLIAM O., state legislator,
congressman, was born Sept. 16, 1798, in
Inglewood, Va. He was elected for several
terms a member of the state legisla
ture; and in 1829 was a member of the
state reform convention of Virginia. In
1832 he was again elected to the state leg
islature; and again elected to the legisla
ture in 1838. He was elected a represen-
tathe in congress from Virginia in 1841,
serving until 1843. He was subsequently
again elected to the legislature, and was
speaker of the house of delegates for sev
eral sessions. In 1853 he was again elect
ed a representative in congress from Vir
ginia, and was regularly re-elected until
the thirty-fifth congress. He died July 3,
1859, near Boydtown, Va.
GOODELL, HENRY HILL, soldier, edu
cator, college president, author, was born
May 20, 1839, in Constantinople. He taught
the modern languages at Williston semi
nary of Easthampton, Mass., in 1864-67,
and afterward in the Massachusetts Agri
cultural college at Amherst, of which in
stitution he was chosen president in 1866.
He is the author of a Biographical Rec
ord of the Class of Sixty-two; and of a
Compilation of Historic Fiction.
GOODELL, LYMAN PAYSON, soldier,
business man, was born Sept. 7, 1848, in
Chaplin, Conn. He received his educa
tion at the Appleton academy of New Ips
wich, N. H.; and at Phillips academy of
Andover, Mass. At the age of fifteen
years he entered the union army, serv
ing with the army of the James in the
tenth corps, and has been past post com
mander department of Texas G. A. R. In
1893 he was elected vice-president of the
State Republican league, and has taken
a prominent part in the public affairs of
Texas, where he is engaged in the real
estate and insurance business at Fort
Worth.
GOODELL, WILLIAM, educator, physi
cian, author, was born Oct. 17, 1829, in
Malta. He was a Philadelphia physician,
medical professor in the' university of
Pennsylvania, and author of Lessons in
Gynascology.
GOODENOW, IRVING G., journalist.
He is the editor and owner of The Journal
of White Pigeon, Mich., a popular repub
lican newspaper which was established in
1876. He has filled several public posi
tions of honor; and takes an active part
in the public affairs of his city, county
and state.
GOODENOW, JOHN ELLIOT, clergy
man, legislator, was born March 23, 1812,
in Springfield, Vt. He is a pioneer of
Maquoketa, Iowa, and is called the Father
of Maquoketa. He served for two years
as a member of the first state legisla
ture.
GOODENOW, JOHN M., lawyer, jurist,
author, was born in 3782 in Massachusetts.
He was an Ohio jurist and a representa
tive in congress from that state in 1821-
1831. He was the author of American
Jurisprudence in Contrast with the Doc
trine of English Law. He died in 1838, in
Steubenville, Ohio.
GOODENOW, ROBERTA financier, law
yer, congressman, was born in 1800 in Far-
mington, N. H. He was county attorney
f:om 1828 to 1834, and in 1841. Having
taken up his residence in Maine, he was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1851 to 1853; and in 1857 was
appointed bank commissioner for the
state.
GOODENOW, RUFUS K., soldier, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
24, 1790, in Henniker, N. H. He entered
the army in 1812 as captain in the thirty-
third regiment of United States infantry,
and served in that capacity until 1815.
Upon the organization of a state govern
ment he was appointed clerk of the courts
of Oxford county, and removed to Paris,
and held this office sixteen years. He
was a member of-the Maine legislature; a
presidential elector in 1840; and repre
sented his district in the thirty-first con
gress. He died March 24, 1863 in Paris,
Ky.
GOODFELLOW, EDWARD, surveyor,
journalist, was born Feb. 23, 1828, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. In 1882 he became editor of
the publications of the survey, and in that
capacity has edited the annual reports for
the years from 1882 till 1886.
OOODHUE, BENJAMIN, congressman.
United States senator, was born Oct. 1,
1748, in Salem, Mass. He represented
his native county in the state senate from
1784 to 1789, when he was elected a rep-
reaentath e to congress under the new
constitution. In 1796 he was elected a
senator of the United States. He died
July 28, 1814. in Salem, Mass.
GOODHUE, BERTRAM GROSVENOR,
architect, author, was born in 1869 in Con
necticut. He is an architect of Boston
whose border designs and initials for
book illustration are of notable excel
lence. He is the author of Mexican
Memories.
GOODIN, JOHN R., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 14, 1836, in Tiffin,
Ohio. In 1859 he removed to Hum-
boldt, Kas. ; and in 1866 was elected a.
representative in the state legislature. In
1867 he was elected judge of the seventh
judicial district for the term of four
years; was re-elected in 1871; and re
signed in 1875, to take his seat as a rep
resentative from Kansas to the forty-
fourth congress.
GOODING, A. A., soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Feb. 20, 1833, in Cannon
county, Tenn. He was sergeant in com
pany B, second regiment Tennessee in
fantry, and was a prisoner of war on
Belle Isle, Va., for five months. For
eight years he was United States clerk
of the circuit court; and for four years
was judge of the county court. He is a
successful lawyer of Jamestown, Tenn.;
and was postmaster of his city during
1889-93.
GOODKNIGHT, JAMES LINCOLN,
clergyman, college president, was born
Aug. 24. 1846, in Allen county, Ky. Since
1895 he has been president of the West
Virginia university at Morgantown.
GOODLAND, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 10, 1831, in Taunton, England.
In 1849 he emigrated to the United States
and Ihed in the state of New York un
til 1854; and since that time he has re
sided in Wisconsin. During 1854-64 he
lived in Sharon; then entered the serv
ice of the Chicago and Northwestern rail
road in Chicago. In 1867 he went to Ap
pleton as their local agent, and resigned
in 1874. He then studied law, and in 1888
was elected district attorney of Outagamie
county, Wis. In 1891 he was elected cir
cuit judge of the tenth circuit, and re
ceived the re-election in 1897.
GOODLOE, WILLIAM C., diplomat. He
was a resident of Kentucky; and in 1878
was appointed United States minister to
Belgium.
GOODMAN, JOHN, physician, author,
was born July 22, 1837, in Frankfort, Ky.
In 1860 he became demonstrator of anat
omy in the Kentucky School of Medicine.
GOODMAN, WARREN WATSON, law
yer, was born June 29, 1869, in Roanoke
county, Va. He received his education at
the Allegheny institute, and graduated
from the Bethel Military academy, with
the rank of captain. He subsequently
graduated in law from the Washington
and Lee university; and is now a lead
ing lawyer of Deer Lodge, Mont., and its
distinguished city attorney.
GOODNIGHT, ISAAC HERSCHEL, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Jan. 31,
1849, in Allen county, Ky. He represented
Simpson county in the general assembly
in 1877-78; was a member of the fifty-first,
fifty-second and fifty-third congresses. He
is now judge of the seventh circuit court
district of Kentucky.
GOODNO, \V 1 1.1. 1 AM COLBY, was born
in Kenosha, Wis. He was the originator
of the Pennsylvania Homoeopathic Hos
pital for Children.
GOODNOW, FRANK JOHNSON, educa
tor, author, was born in 1859 in Long
Island. He has been professor of admin
istrative law in Columbia university since
1884; and is the author of Comparative
Administrative Law; and Municipal Home
Rule.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
409
GOODRICH, AARON, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born July 6, 1807, in Sempron-
ius, N. Y. In 1849 he was appointed chief
justice of the United States district court
for the territory of Minnesota, and was
the first judge appointed for that dis
trict. He published a'History of the So-
Called Christopher Columbus.
GOODRICH, ALFRED BAILEY, clergy
man, author, was born March 22, 1828, in
Rocky Hill, Conn. He is the author of
a service and tune book for Sunday
Schools.
GOODRICH, CHARLES AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, author, was born in 1790 in
Ridgefield, Conn. He was a congregation
al clergyman of Hartford, and the author
of Lives of the Signers of the Declaration
of Independence; History of the United
States; View of Religions; Family Tour
ist; Great Events of American History;
Outlines of Geography; and Universal
Traveler. He died Jan. 4, 1862, in Hart
ford, Conn.
GOODRICH, CHARLES RUSH, natural
ist, author, was born March 16, 1829, in
Troy, N. Y. He edited, with Prof. Benja
min Silliman, Jr., The World of Science,
Art and Industry, illustrated with five
hundred drawings from the New York ex
hibition of 1853; and was one of the edi
tors of Practical Science and Mechanism.
He died Aug. 22, 1855, in Flushing, N. Y.
GOODRICH, CHAUNCEY, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 20, 1759, in Dur
ham, Conn. He was a representative in
the Connecticut legislature in 1793; and
a representative in congress from 1795 to
1801. From 1802 to 1807 he was a coun
cilor of the state, and was elected United
States senator from 1807 to 1813. He was
elected mayor of Hartford in 1812, and
resigned his seat in congress. He was
elected lieutenant-governor of the state in
1813, and was a delegate to the Hartford
convention in 1814. He died Aug. 18, 1815,
in Hartford, Conn.
GOODRICH, CHAUNCEY, clergyman,
was born July 20, 1817, in Middletown,
Conn. He resided in New Haven, occu
pied with literary labors, chief among
which was the continuation of his father's
work in the revision of Webster's dic
tionary. He died March 27, 1868, in New
Haven, Conn.
GOODRICH, CHAUNCEY ALLEN, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 23, 1790, in
New Haven, Conn. He was a congrega
tional clergyman and professor at Yale
university, in 1817-60. He published
Greek and Latin Lessons; A Greek
Grammar; was the editor and reviser of
Webster's Dictionary, and also edited Se
lect British Eloquence, with careful crit
ical notes. He died Feb. 25, 1860, in New
Haven, Conn.
GOODRICH, ELIZUR, clergyman, as
tronomer, author, was born Oct. 26, 1734,
in Wethersfield, Conn. He was an able
astronomer, and spent much of his time
in calculating the eclipses of each suc
cessive year, and published the fullest and
most accurate account of the aurora bo-
realis of 1780. He was a candidate for
governor of Connecticut; and was the
author of a volume of sermons and ad
dresses. He died Nov. 22, 1797, in North
Norfolk, Conn.
GOODRICH. ELIZUR, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born March 24, 1761,
in Durham, Conn. He was professor of
law in Yale college, and for many years
the efficient mayor of New Haven. He
was twice elected to the state legislature;
was a judge of the county and probate
courts for fifteen years; was a presiden
tial elector in 1797; and was a representa
tive in congress from Connecticut from
1799 to 1801. He died Nov. 1, 1849, in New
Haven, Conn.
GOODRICH, FRANK BOOT, author,
was born Dec. 14, 1826, in Boston, Mass.
He was a dramatist and miscellaneous
writer of New York city, and the author
of The Court of Napoleon; Man Upon the
Sea; Tri-Colored Sketches of Paris; The
Tribute Book; World-Famous Women;
Women of Beauty and Heroism; and His
tory of Maritime Adventure.
GOODRICH, JOHN Z., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Sept. 27, 1801, in
Sheffield, Mass. He was a presidential
elector in. 1841; served in the state legis
lature in 1848 and 1849, and was a rep
resentative in congress from 1851 to 1855,
from his native state. In 1861 he was ap
pointed collector of Boston, and was a
delegate to the peace congress of 1861.
GOODRICH, MILO, lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 13, 1820, in Homer, N.
Y. He was a member of the state con
stitutional convention in 1867, and was
elected to the forty-second congress as a
a republican.
GOODRICH, RALPH LELAND, lawyer,
philologist, author, was born Aug. 27,
1840, in Oswego, N. Y. In 1873 he was
appointed clerk of the United States cir
cuit and district courts. He is a proficient
Sanskrit scholar, and has published sev
eral excellent translations from the Vedas.
GOODRICH, SAMUEL GRISWOLD, au
thor, was born Aug. 19, 1793. in Ridgefield,
Conn. He was a once famous writer and
compiler of Boston and New York. He
published nearly two hundred volumes,
mainly juvenile and educational, some of
which achieved a wide popularity. Among
them are, History of All Nations; Tales
of Peter Parley about America; and Rec
ollections of a Lifetime, an autobiography.
He died May 9, 1860, in New York city.
GOODRICH, WILLIAM HENRY, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 19, 1825, in
New Haven, Conn. He held pastorates in
Bristol, Conn.; Binghamton, N. Y., and
Cleveland, Ohio. He was a brilliant pul
pit orator and published sermons and ad
dresses. He died July 17, 1874, in Swit
zerland.
GOODSELL, DANIEL AYRES, bishop,
author, was born Nov. 5, 1840, in New-
burg, N. Y. He was a delegate to every
general conference from 1876 till 1888,
and at the one in New York city in 1888
was elected bishop. He has been literary
editor and editorial contributor of the New
York Christian Advocate since 1880.
GOODSON, JOHN, physician, jurist, was
born in England. From 1686 till 1701 he
was one of the proprietaries commission
ers of property, and in 1694 was appointed
deputy-governor of Pennsylvania. He
died Dec. 28. 1727, in Philadelphia. Pa.
GOODWIN, ALEXANDER CAMP
BELL, educator, college president, was
born June 3, 1846, in Utica, Ind. He has
been superintendent of schools in Indiana
and Kentucky for more than twenty
years, and for three years was president
of the Owensboro Female college.
GOODWIN, DANIEL, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, was born Nov. 24, 1799, in
Geneva, N. Y. He was United States
district attorney for Michigan in 1834-41;
judge of the supreme court in 1843-50;
president of the state constitutional con
vention of 1850. and a member of that of
1867. In 1850-81 ne was circuit judge for
the upper peninsula of Michigan. He
served repeatedly in the legislature. He
died Aug. 24, 1887, in Detroit, Mich.
GOODWIN, DANIEL, lawyer, author,
was born in 1832 in New York. He is a
lawyer of Chicago, and the author of
James Pitts and His Sons in the American
Revolution; The Dearborns; The Lord's
Table; and Provincial Pictures.
GOODWIN, DANIEL RAYNES, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born April
12, 1811, in North Berwick, Maine. He
was an episcopal clergyman who was a
professor in the Philadelphia Divinity
school, and of much prominence as a low
churchman. He was the author of South
ern Slavery in Its Present Aspects; Chris
tianity Neither Ascetic nor Fanatic; The
Christian Ministry; Shall We Return to
Rome? The Perpetuity of the Sabbath;
The New Ritualistic Divinity; and Chris
tian Eschatology. He died March 12, 1890,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
GOODWIN, ELLA DIMMICK, poet, was
born Jan. 7, 1869, in Schuyler county, 111.
In 1880 she removed to Kansas with her
parents, and three years later was married
to Thomas J. Goodwin of Ludell. Her
poems have appeared in current litera
ture, Poets of America, and other stand
ard works.
GOODWIN, GEORGE FRANCIS, law
yer, prohibitionist, was born Jan. 12, 1849,
in Groton, Vt. In 1880 he was state's at
torney of Mower county, Minn.; attorney-
general of North Dakota in 1889, and is
now a prominent prohibition worker of
Salt Lake City, Utah.
GOODWIN, MRS. HANNAH ELIZA
BETH BRADBURY, author, was born in
1827 in Massachusetts. She is a Boston
writer for young people, among whose
works are Madge; Christine's Fortune;
Dorothy Gray; Dr. Howells's Family; and
Fortunes of Miss Follen. She died in
1893.
GOODWIN, HENRY C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 25, 1824, in De
Ruyter, N. Y. In 1847 he was elected dis
trict attorney of Madison county, and held
the office three years. He was a repre
sentative from New York to the second
session of the thirty-third congress, and
was re-elected to the thirty-fifth congress.
He died Nov. 12, 1860, in Hamilton, N. Y.
GOODWIN, ICHABOD, soldier, con
gressman, was born May 25, 1743, in South
Berwick, Maine. He was a member of the
provincial congress in 1775 and 1777; and
was lieutenant-colonel of Gerrish's York
county regiment, having charge of the
Saratoga prisoners. He was major-gene
ral of militia from 1783 to 1815; a member
of the general court in 1792; and sheriff of
York county, Maine, from 1793 to 1820.
He died May 25, 1820, in South Berwick.
GOODWIN, ICHABOD, governor, was
born Oct. 10, 1796, in North Berwick, N.
H. He was governor of New Hampshire
from 1860 to 1861.
GOODWIN, ISAAC, author, was born
June 28, 1786, in Plymouth, Mass. He
was a writer of Worcester, Mass., and the
father of Mrs. Jane Goodwin Austin. He
was the author of History of the Town of
Stirling; The Town Officer; and The New-
England Sheriff. He died Sept. 16, 1832,
in Worcester, Mass.
GOODWIN, JOHN ABBOTT, author,
was born May 21, 1824, in Stirling, Mass.
He was a Lowell writer who published
The Pilgrim Fathers Neither Puritans
nor Persecutors; and The Pilgrim Repub
lic, an historical review of the Plymouth
colony. He died in 1884.
GOODWIN, JOHN NOBLE, lawyer,
congressman, governor, was born Oct. 18,
1824, in South Berwick. Maine. He was
elected to the senate of Maine; and in 1860
was a representative from Maine to the
thirty-seventh congress. He was subse
quently appointed chief justice of the ter
ritory of Arizona: afterwards was govern
or, and was elected a delegate from Ari
zona to the thirty-ninth congress.
410
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GOODWIN, MRS. LAVINA STELLA,
educator, author, was born Feb. 4, 1833,
in St. Johnsbury, Vt. Since 1869 she has
been associate editor of The Watchman of
Boston, Mass. She is the author of three
juvenile volumes, entitled Little Folks'
Own; The Little Helper; and The Mys
terious Miner.
GOODWIN, MRS. MAUD WILDER, au
thor, was born in 1856 in New York. She
is an historical novelist of New York city,
and the author of The Colonial Cavalier,
or Southern Life Before the Revolution;
The Head of a Hundred; White Aprons,
an historical romance; and Dolly Madi
son, a biography.
GOODWIN, MYRON HENRY, educator,
writer, was born Oct. 23, 1860, in Baldwin,
Maine. In 1882 he graduated from Bow-
doin college. In 1884 he was admitted to
the bar at Denver, Col., but has not prac
ticed. He has taught Greek and Latin in
New York, Wisconsin and Massachusetts,
and has contributed both prose and verse
to the leading newspapers and magazines
of America.
GOODWIN, NATHANIEL, genealogist,
author, was born March 5, 1782, in Hart
ford, Conn. He was a Hartford geneal
ogist and probate judge, and the author
of Genealogical Notes of Some of the
First Settlers of Connecticut and Massa
chusetts. He died May 28, 1855, in Hart
ford, Conn.
GOODWIN, NATHANIEL C., comedian,
was born July 25, 1857, in Boston, Mass.
Among the plays in which he has been
seen to advantage on the American stage
are: Hobbies; Warranted; Ourselves;
Major Wellington De Boots; Mascot;
Pinafore; Patience; Big Pony, and
others.
GOODWIN, PETERSON, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1803 to 1818. He died in
November, 1818.
GOODWIN, WILLIAM FREDERICK,
soldier, author, was born Sept. 27, 1823, in
Limington, Maine. He was the author of
a History of the Constitution of New
Hampshire of 1776, 1784, 1792; and Rec
ords of Narragansett Township. He died
March 12, 1872, in Concord, N. H.
GOODWIN, WILLIAM WATSON, edu
cator, author, was born May 9, 1831, in
•Concord, Mass. He is an eminent Greek
scholar, Eliot professor of Greek at Har
vard university from 1860. He has pub
lished Syntax of Moods and Tenses of the
Greek Verb; and A Greek Grammar.
GOODWYN, ALBERT TAYLOR, sol
dier, farmer, state senator, congressman,
was born Dec. 17, 1842, in Robinson
Springs, Ala. He
was educated a t
South Carolina col
lege and the univer-
s i t y of Virginia,
from which latter in
stitution of learning
he was graduated in
1867; and is a farm
er. He was a mem
ber of the state
house of represent
atives i n 1886-87,
and a member of the
state senate from 1892 to 1896, and was
state inspector of convicts from 1874 to
1880. He was in the confederate army
from the beginning of the war to the end;
participating in the bombardment of Fort
Sumter in April, 1861, and was mustered
out at the close of the war as captain of a
company of sharpshooters. He took his
seat in the fifty-fourth congress April
22, 1896.
GOODYEAR, CHARLES, inventor, was
born Dec. 29, 1800, in New Haven, Conn.
He produced the vulcanized or ebonized
india-rubber, which immortalized his
name, and he lived long enough to see his
material applied to nearly five hundred
uses. He died July 1, 1860, in New York
city.
GOODYEAR, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist,
banker, congressman, was born April 26,
1805, in Cobbeskill, N. Y. He was a mem
ber of the state assembly in 1839. In 1811
he was appointed first judge of Schoharie
county; and was a representative from
New York in the twenty-ninth congress.
In 1864 he was elected a representative
from New York to the thirty-ninth con
gress.
GOODYEAR, FRANK HENRY, finan
cier, was born March 17, 1849, in Groton,
N. Y. He settled in Buffalo in the coal
and lumber trade, and has since built
eleven saw mills in woodland regions of
Pennsylvania. Through other methods,
his coal trade has also grown to large
proportions.
GOODYEAR, WILLIAM HENRY, edu
cator, author, was born in 1846 in Con
necticut. He is an art educator of New
York city, and the author of Roman and
Mediaeval Art; Renaissance and Modern
Art; History of Art; The Grammar of the
Lotus; and Ancient and Modern History.
GOOGINS, GEORGE, physician, sur
geon, was born in October, 1822, in Han
cock, Maine. In 1847 he graduated from
the Maine Medical college of Brunswick.
For several years he has been United
States examining surgeon; and is one of
the oldest and most reliable physicians
in eastern Maine, and for nearly half a
century has practiced his profession at
Milbridge. In 1871-72 he served as a
member of the Maine state legislature,
and has been active in politics all his
life, and a prominent member of the whig
and republican parties.
GOOGINS, GEORGE EDGAR, lawyer,
author, was born Feb. 25, 1863, in Mil-
bridge, Maine. He received the rudiments
of his education in the public schools of
his native city, and in 1882 graduated from
the East Maine Conference seminary of
Bucksport, and in 1886 from the Colby uni
versity. During 1892-95 he was superin
tendent of public schools of Milbridge,
Maine, where he is engaged in the prac
tice of law. He has written numerous
stories and poems for the press, and is
the author of a novel entitled Strange Ad
ventures of a Summer Tourist.
GOOKIN, CHARLES, soldier, states
man. He attained the rank of colonel,
and was deputy-governor of Pennsylvania
under William Penn during 1709-17.
GOOKIN, DANIEL, author, was born
in 1612 in England. For the last thirty
years of his life he was superintendent of
the Indians in Massachusetts. His writ
ings include Historical Collections of the
Indians in New England; and Account of
the Doings and Sufferings of the Christian
Indians in New England. He died March
19, 1687, in Cambridge, Mass.
GOOKINS, SAMUEL BARNES, journal
ist, legislator, jurist, was born May 30,
1809, in Rupert, Conn. Just twenty years
after he went to Vincennes to aid in es
tablishing the Vincennes Gazette, he went
to the same place to hold his first term
as judge of the circuit court. He repre
sented Vigo county in the Indiana legis
lature.
GORDON. ADON1RAM JUDSON, cler
gyman, author, was born April 19, 1836, in
New Hampton. N. H. He was a baptist
clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Clar
endon church from 1869 until his death;
and the author of Grace and Glory; In
Christ; Ministry of Healing; The Ministry
of the Spirit; The Life that Now Is and
That to Come; The Holy Spirit in Mis
sions; and Ecce Venit. He died in 1895.
GORDON, ANNA ADAMS, author, was
born July 21, 1853, in Boston, Mass. She
was the private secretary of Frances E.
Willard from 1877 until her death. She
prepared the song books of the Loyal
Temperance Legions and also the songs
for Woman's temperance work and the
white ribbon hymnal. She is the author
of Questions Answered; The White Rib
bon Birthday Book; and other pamphlets
and booklets.
GORDON, ARCHIBALD D., author, was
born in 1848 in Ireland. He was a dra
matic critic and playwright of New York
city, and the author of The Ugly Duck
ling; Is Marriage a Failure?; and That
Girl From Mexico. He died in 1895.
GORDON, ARMISTEAD CHURCHILL,
lawyer, poet, was born in 1855 in Albe-
marle county, Va. He is the author of a
volume of dialect poems entitled Befo' de
War. He is an able lawyer of Staunton,
Va., of which city he has been mayor.
GORDON, CHARLES BENJAMIN
WILLIAM, clergyman, journalist, author,
was born Nov. 1, 1861, in Colerain, N. C.
He has attained success as a pastor of the
baptist church of Petersburg, Va., and
since 1886 he has been editor of The Na
tional Pilot. He is the founder of the
American and The National Orphan
Home; and has been president of the Na
tional Orphan and Educational associa
tion since 1886.
GORDON, CLARENCE, author, was
born April 28, 1835, in New York city.
He is a writer of Newburg, N. Y. His
writings, intended for juvenile reading,
include Christmas at Under Tor; Our
Fresh and Salt Tutors; Two Lives in
One; and Boarding-School Days.
GORDON, EDWARD CLIFFORD, cler
gyman, college president, was born Sept.
1, 1842, in Richmond, Va. He is president
of the Westminster college of Fulton, Mo.
GORDON, GEORGE ANGIER, clergy
man, author, was born in 1853 in Scot
land. He is a prominent congregational
clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Old
South church from 1884, and the author
of The Christ of To-Day; The Witness to
Immortality in Literature, Philosophy and
Life; and Immortality and the New The
odicy.
GORDON, GEORGE HENRY, lawyer,
soldier, author, was born July 19, 1823, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a lawyer of
Boston who served as a brigadier-general
in the federal army during the civil war,
and was the author of History of the Sec
ond Massachusetts Infantry; The Cam
paign of the Army of Virginia under Gen
eral Pope; War Diary of Events in the
War of the Great Rebellion; and Brook
Farm to Cedar Mountain. He died Aug.
30, 1886, in Framingham, Mass.
GORDON, GEORGE PHINEAS, printer,
manufacturer, inventor, was born April
21, 1810, in Salem, N. H. His fame arose
from his invention of the Gordon job
press. The Gordon Press works, having a
factory at Rahway, N. J., of which he
was proprietor, produced an immense
number of these machines, which found
their way into nearly every job office in
the United States. He died Jan. 27, 1878,
in Norfolk, Va.
GORDON, J. WRIGHT, governor, was
born in 1807 in Virginia. He was lieu
tenant-governor of Michigan during the
administration of Governor Woodbridge;
and upon the latter's resignation, became
governor. He died in December, 1853.
GORDON, JAMES, state senator, con
gressman. He was for seven years a
member of the state senate of New York;
and twelve years in the state assembly.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1791 to 1795.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
411
GORDON, JOHN BROWN, soldier, con
gressman, governor, United States sena
tor, was born Feb. 6, 1832, in Upson coun
ty, Ga. He entered the army as captain of
infantry in the confederate army. He
was elected to the United States senate for
the term commencing in 1873 and ending
in 1879, and was re-elected for the term
ending in 1885. He was elected governor
in 1886, and re-elected in 1888. He was
elected United States senator for the
term 1891-97.
GORDON, LAURA DE P.. journalist,
lawyer, orator, was born Aug. 17, 1843, in
Erie county, Pa. In 1873 she founded
the Daily Leader at Oakland, Cal. In 1879
she was admitted to the bar of the su
preme court of California.
GORDON, M. LAFAYETTE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1843 in Pennsylvania.
He is a congregational clergyman and
physician, formerly a missionary to
Japan, and subsequently a professor in
Doshisha university, Kyoto. He is the
author of An American Missionary in
Japan.
GORDON, MERRITT J., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born in March, 1857,
in Canada. For ten years he resided in
Dakota, where he served as district attor
ney and as a member of the legislature.
Since 1889 he has resided in Olympia,
Wash.; was elected in 1892 to the superior
bench of Thurston county, and in 1884
was elected to the supreme bench.
GORDON, PATRICK, soldier, governor,
author, was born in 1644, in England. In
1726 he was elected governor of Pennsyl
vania, and in 1728 he published Two In
dian Treaties at Conestogo. He died Aug.
5, 1736, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GORDON, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in New York. He served in the state
assembly in 1834 and was a representative
in congress from that state from 1841 to
1843, and again from 1845 to 1847. In
1863 he was appointed provost-marshal for
the nineteenth district of New York.
GORDON, THOMAS, statesman, was
born in Scotland. He came to New Jersey
in 1684, and settled in Scotch Plains. He
was elected attorney-general of the east
ern district in 1698, chief secretary and
register in 1702; elected to the legislature,
and became speaker of the assembly. In
1709 he became chief justice, and was af
terward receiver-general and treasurer of
the province. He died in 1722 in Amboy,
N. J.
GORDON, THOMAS F., lawyer, anti
quarian, author, was born in 1787 in Penn
sylvania. He was a Philadelphia lawyer
and antiquarian, and the author of Digest
of the Laws of the United States; History
of Pennsylvania to 1776; History of New
Jersey to 1789; History of America; Cab
inet of American History; History of An
cient Mexico; and Gazetteers of New
York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. He
died Jan. 17, 1860, in Beverly, N. J.
GORDON, THOMAS W., lawyer, poet.
He served two terms as vice-president of
the board of pension examiners of George
town, Ohio, where he practices his profes
sion with success. He nas written exten
sively for medical journals, and his poems
have been given a place in several stand
ard works.
GORDON, WALTER SCOTT, inventor,
was born Aug. 21, 1742, in Greenwich, R.
I. In 1883 he founded the vigorous city
of Sheffield, Ala. He invented a coal
mining machine and a cotton screw. He
died Oct. 16, 1886, in New York city.
GORDON, WILLIAM, lawyer, congress
man. He was attorney-general for the
state of New Hampshire, and a represent
ative in congress from New Hampshire
from 1797 to 1800, when he resigned. He
died in May, 1802, in Boston, Mass.
GORDON, WILLIAM, lawyer, was born
Dec. 15, 1862, near Oak Harbor, Ohio. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the public schools of his native city;
attended the Toledo Business college, and
graduated from the university of Michi
gan in 1891. He had subsequently taught
school. In 1894 he was elected prose
cuting attorney of his county; was ap
pointed a member of the board of county
school examiners, and in 1895 removed to
Port Clinton, the county seat. In 1896 he
was elected a delegate to the democratic
national convention; and has taken an
active part in the public affairs of his
county and state.
GORDON, WILLIAM F., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1828 to 1835. He is said to have been the
originator of the sub-treasury system. He
died July 2, 1858, in Albemarle county.
GORDON, WILLIAM ROBERT, clergy
man, author, was born March 19, 1811, in
New York city. He was a Dutch reformed
clergyman of New York and New Jersey,
and the author of Supreme Godhead of
Christ; Particular Providence, A Three
fold Test of Modern Spiritualism; The
Peril of Our Ship of State; Revealed
Truth Impregnable; The Reformed Church
in America; and Christocracy. He died
March 30, 1896, in Manhasset, N. Y.
GORE, CHRISTOPHER, lawyer, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born in
1758 in Boston, Mass. In 1789 he was ap
pointed district attorney for the district of
Massachusetts. He was chosen governor
in 1809, and in 1813 was chosen a senator
of the United States, in which capacity he
served until 1816. He died March 1, 1827.
GORE, DAVID, farmer, was born April
5, 1827, in Kentucky. He has been a state
senator and president of the state board of
agriculture, and in 1896 was elected audi
tor of state at Springfield, 111.
GORE, JAMES HOWARD, educator, au
thor, was born in 1856 in Virginia. He
is a professor of mathematics in Colum
bian university, Washington, D. C. He is
the author of Geodesy; Elements of
Geodesy; and several annotated editions
of German works for college study.
GORGAS, FERDINAND J. S., dentist,
author, was born in 1834 in Virginia. He is
a Baltimore dentist, professor in the col
lege of Dental Surgery since 1860, and the
author of Lectures on Dental Science and
Therapeutics; and Dental Materia Medica.
GORGAS, JOSIAH, soldier, college pres
ident, was born July 1, 1818, in Dauphin
county, Tenn. He was placed at the head
of the confederate ordnance department
with the rank of brigadier-general. He
was made president of the university of
Alabama in 1878. He died May 15, 1883,
in Tuscaloosa, Ala.
GORHAM, BENJAMIN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 13, 1775, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a representa
tive in congress from the Suffolk district
from 1820 to 1823, and from 1827 to 1831,
and from 1833 to 1835. He was afterward
for a short time a member of the state
legislature. He died Sept. 27, 1855, in
Boston, Mass.
GORHAM, JOHN, physician, educator,
author, was born Feb. 24, 1783, in Boston,
Mass. In 1809 he was appointed adjunct
professor of chemistry and materia medi-
ca in Harvard, and in 1815 was made pro
fessor of chemistry and mineralogy. He
published an Inaugural Address and Ele
ments of Chemical Science. He died
March 29. 1829, in Boston, Mass.
GORHAM, NATHANIEL, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born May 27, 1738, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a representa
tive in the legislature from 1771 to 1775;
was a delegate to the provincial congress
in 1774 and 1775; and again a member of
the legislature, and a member of the board
of war from 1778 until its dissolution.
He was a delegate to the state constitu
tional convention in 1779; a delegate to
the continental congress in 1782 and 1783,
and from 1785 to 1787, and was chosen
president of that body in 1786. He was
for several years a judge of the court of
common pleas. He died June 11, 1796, in
Charlestown, Mass.
GORHAM, WALLACE A., poet, was
born Oct. 27, 1833, in Pittsford, Vt. In
1846 he moved with his parents to Rock-
ford, 111., and in 1869 to Iowa, and since
1887 has resided in Spirit Lake. He is
the author of a number of poems, which
have appeared in the periodical press, and
in several standard works.
GORLEY, HUGH ALEXANDER, sol
dier, merchant, orator, author, poet, was
born Nov. 25, 1833, in Uniontown, Pa. He
attended the Madi
son college of his
native city; and dur
ing the civil war was
captain in company
B. first regiment Cal
ifornia volunteer in
fantry, attached to
the column from Cal
ifornia. In 1881 he
served with distinc
tion in the California
state legislature as a
representative from
San Francisco. He has been a successful
merchant of San Rafael, Cal., is pres
ident of the society of California Vol
unteers; a prominent member of the
Grand Army of ihe Republic; and a mem
ber of the California Commandery of the
Military Order, Loyal Legion of the
United States.
GORMAN, ARTHUR PUE, United
States senator, was born March 11, 1839,
in Howard county, Md. In 1869 he was
elected a member of the house of dele
gates of the Maryland legislature as a
democrat; was re-elected in 1871, and
then elected speaker of the house of dele
gates at the ensuing session. In 1875 he
was elected to represent Howard county
in the Maryland state senate, and was re-
elected in November, 1879, for a term of
four years. He was elected in 1880 to the
United States senate as a democrat; was
re-elected in 1886 and in 1892. His term of
service will expire March 3, 1899.
GORMAN, JAMES SEDGWICK, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Dec.
28, 1850, in Lyndon, Mich. He was elected
to the lower house of the Michigan legis
lature in 1880, and in 1886 was elected to
the state senate from the fourth district,
and re-elected in 1888. He was elected to
the fifty-second and re-elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat.
GORMAN, JOHN BERRY, physician,
artist, author, was born Feb. 22, 1793, in
Newberry district, S. C. He owned a
valuable library, was fond of painting,
and left a picture entitled the Nightmare.
He published the Philosophy of Animated
Existence. He died Nov. 12, 1864, in Tal-
bot county, Ga.
GORMAN, WILLIS ARNOLD, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, governor, was born
Jan. 12, 1814, near Flemingsburg, Ky.
For several years he was a member of the
Indiana state legislature. He was major
of the third Indiana volunteers in the
Mexican war, and in 1848 was civil and
military governor of Puebla. He was a
412
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
representative in congress from 1849 to
1853, from Kentucky. He was governor of
Minnesota from 1853 to 1857. He was ap
pointed brigadier-general in 1861, and was
in the battles of Ball's Bluff and West
Point. He died May 20, 1876, in St. Paul,
Minn.
GORRIE, PETER DOUGLAS, clergy
man, author, was born April 21, 1813, in
Glasgow, Scotland. He was a methodist
clergyman of New York, and the author of
Churches and Sects in the United States;
Episcopal Methodism as It Was and Is;
and Lives of Eminent Methodists. He
died Sept. 12, 1884, in Potsdam, N. Y.
GORKINGE, HENRY HONEYCHURCH,
naval officer, author, was born Aug. 11,
1841, in Barbadoes. W. I. He was a United
States naval officer who superintended the
removal of the obelisk from Egypt to
New York, and after leaving the navy
engaged in ship-building. His only publi
cation is a work on Egyptian Obelisks.
He died July 7, 1885, in New York.
GORSHIRE, WILLIAM R., jurist, was
born in New York. He moved to Colo
rado, where he was appointed United
States judge for the territory of Colorado,
residing at Denver.
GORTNER, JOHN NARVER, clergy
man, lecturer, poet, was born Feb. 16,
1874, in St. Charles, 111. He attended the
Garrett Biblical in
stitute and has at
tained prominence as
a lecturer and cler
gyman of the meth-
o d i s t episcopal
church of Newman
Grove, Neb. He is
the author of a vol
ume of poems en
titled Dust From the
Chariot Wheels; and
a memorial poem en
titled Across the
Wave, to the memory of his father, a mis
sionary who died in Africa.
GORTNER. JOSEPH ROSS, clergyman,
missionary, poet, was born Jan. 24, 1846,
in Williamsport, Pa. He graduated from
the Dickinson seminary, and became an
eminent clergyman of the methodist epis
copal church. He went as a missionary
to Africa during the latter part of his
life, and died March 8, 1888, on the west
coast of Africa.
GORTON, DAVID ALLYN, physician,
author, was born in 1832 in New York.
He is a physician of Brooklyn, and the au
thor of The Monism of Man. or the Unity
of the Divine and Human; The Principles
of Mental Hygiene; The Drift of Medical
Philosophy; and Neurasthenia.
GORTON, SAMUELL, author, was born
in 1592 in England. He was the founder
of a small sect sometimes called Nothing
arians, which survived him for about a
century. He was the author of Simplici-
tie's Defence Against Seven-Headed Pol
icy; An Incorruptible Key Composed of
the CX. Psalm; Saltmarsh Returned from
the Dead; An Antidote Against the Com-,
mon Plague of the World; and Certain
Copies of Letters. He died in 1677 in
Rhode Island.
GOSACK. GEORGE MECHLIN, lawyer,
legislator, was born Oct. 7. 1866, in Day
ton, Pa. He is a successful lawyer of
Pittsburg, Pa.; and in 1897 was elected
a member of the Pennsylvania house of
representatives.
GOSNELL. JAMES, clergyman, was
born Sept. 14, 1857, in Ireland. He attend
ed the university of Rochester, and the
Syracuse university, and has received the
degrees of A. B., A. M. and Ph. D. Since
1880 he has been a clergyman of the meth
odist episcopal church in Rochester and
vicinity, and since 1895 in Lockport, N. Y.
GOSPER, JOHN J., soldier, orator, was
born April 8, 1841, in Knox county, Ohio.
During the civil war he served gallantly
in the union army as first lieutenant of
the United States colored troops, and lost
a leg in the war. He was president of the
city council of Lincoln, Neb., and secre
tary of state of Nebraska in 1873. Gosper
county, Neb., was named for him. In
1877 he was appointed by President Hayes
to the secretaryship of Arizona territory,
and served five years, most of the time as
acting governor. He has been a member
of the school board of Los Angeles, Cal.
GOSS, ELBRIDGE HENRY, author, was
born in 1830 in Massachusetts. He is a
writer of Melrose, Mass., and the author
of Life of Colonel Paul Revere; and Mel-
rose Memorial.
GOSS, JAMES H., merchant, congress
man, was born Aug. 9, 1820, in Union
Court House, S. C. He was a delegate
to the state constitutional convention of
1867, and was elected a representative
from South Carolina to the fortieth con
gress.
GOSS, WARREN LEE, author, was
born in 1838 in Massachusetts. He is a
writer of Norwich, Conn., and more re
cently of Rutherford, N. J. He is the
author of The Soldier's Story of the Cap
tivity at Andersonville; Jack Alden; Tom
Clifton; Jed; and Recollections of a Pri
vate.
GOTT, DANIEL, congressman, was born
in Connecticut. On moving to New York
he was elected a representative in con
gress from 1847 to 1851.
GOTTLIEB, ERNEST, missionary, au
thor, was born in 1743 in England. He
was a Moravian missionary who made ex
tended studies of Indian customs. He is
the author of History, etc., of the Penn
sylvania Indians; Mission of the United
Brethren Among the Delawares; and
Names which the Delawares Gave to
Rivers and Streams, with their Signifi
cation. He died in 1823.
GOUCHER, JOHN FRANKLIN, clergy
man, college president, philanthropist,
was born June 7, 1845, in Waynesboro,
Pa. He was one of the original incorpor-
ators of the Woman's college of Balti
more, of which he is president.
GOUDY, WILLIAM C., lawyer, state
senator, was born May 15, 1824, in Indi
ana. In 1853 he became state's attorney,
and in 1856 was sent to the state senate.
In 1859 he opened an office in Chicago and
for thirty-four years made unhalting prog
ress. He died April 27, 1893, in Chicago,
111.
GOUGAR, HELEN M., lawyer, lecturer,
author, was born July 18, 1843, in Litch-
field, Mich. She is the author of the law
granting municipal suffrage to women in
Kansas, and has published Women Wealth
Winners, and other works.
GOUGE, WILLIAM M., author, was
born Nov. 10, 1796, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was a financial writer and for thirty
years was in the treasury department at
Washington. He was the author of His
tory of the American Banking System;
Expediency of Dispensing with Bank
Paper; and Fiscal History of Texas. He
died July 14, 1863, in Trenton, N. J.
GOUGH, JOHN BARTHOLOMEW,
temperance lecturer, author, was born
Aug. 22, 1817, in England. He was a cele
brated temperance lecturer, and was the
author of Autobiography; Temperance
Lectures; Sunlight and Shadow, or Glean
ings from My Life Work; Temperance
Dialogues; and Platform Echoes. He died
Feb. 18, 1880, in Frankford, Pa.
GOULD, ALTA ISADORE, poet, is a na
tive of Michigan. She is the author of The
Veteran's Bride; and has contributed both
prose and verse to the periodical pn <s.
Her poems have been incorporated in sev
eral standard works.
GOULD, AUGUSTUS ADDISON, con-
chologist, author, was born April 23, 1805*
in New Ipswich, N. H. He was a conchol-
ogist of Boston, and the author of System
of Natural History; Mollusca and Shells;
Olia Conchologia; The Mollusca of the
North Pacific Expedition; and The Inver-
tebrata of Massachusetts. He died Sept.
15, 1866, in Boston, Mass.
GOULD, BENJAMIN APTHORP. edu
cator, author, was born June 15, 1787, in
Lancaster, Mass. He was an educator of
Massachusetts who published The Prize
Book; Adam's Latin Grammar; and edi
tions of Horace, Ovid, and Virgil. He
died Oct. 24, 1859, in Boston, Mass.
GOULD, BENJAMIN APTHORP, as
tronomer, author, was born Sept. 24, 1824,
in Boston, Mass. He was a distinguished
astronomer, from 1868-85 director of the
Argentine Republic national observatory
at Cordova, and subsequently a resident
of Cambridge. He was the author of
I ranometry of the Southern Heavens;
and Trans-Atlantic Longitude as Deter
mined by the Coast Survey. He died in
1896.
GOULD, EDWARD SHERMAN, mer
chant, author, was born May 11, 1808, in
Litchfield, Conn. He was a merchant of
New York city, and the author of The
Sleep Rider; The Very Age, a comedy;
John Doe and Richard Roe, a tale of New
York life; Classified Elocution; and Good
English. He died Feb. 21, 1885, in New
York city.
GOULD, EDWIN B., lawyer, was born
Jan. 24, 1839, in Hillsborough, N. H. He
received his education at the Frances-
town academy and at the Appleton acad
emy of Mount Vernon, N. H. For many
years he was town clerk of Pembroke, and
is now a prominent lawyer of Nashua, N.
H., where he has filled many prominent
public positions of trust in the gift of his
county and state.
GOULD, ELIZABETH PORTER, poet.
In 1889 she published Gems from Walt
Whitman, which brought her merited
praise as a critic. In 1891 she published
a volume of her poems entitled Stray Peb
bles from Shores of Thought. She has
been president of several woman's or
ganizations, and a leader in woman's
progress and social affairs in Boston,
Mass.
GOULD, EZRA PALMER, clergyman,
author, was born in 1841 in Massachu
setts. He is an episcopal clergyman; pro
fessor of New Testament literature in the
Philadelphia Episcopal Divinity school;
and the author of Commentary on Corin
thians; and Notes on the Lessons of 1885.
GOULD, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, was
born Sept. 2, 1807, in Litchfield, Conn.
In 1855 he was elected judge of the su
preme court of the state of New York.
He died Dec. 6, 1868, in Troy, N. Y.
GOULD, GEORGE J., railroad president.
Since 1893 he has been president of the
Missouri Pacific railway.
GOULD, HANNAH FLAGG, poet, was
born Sept. 3, 1789, in Lancaster, Mass.
She was a poet of Newburyport, Mass.,
and the author of The Snow Flake and the
Frost; Hymns and Poems for Children;
The Golden Vase; The Youth's Coronal;
Mother's Dream, and Other Poems; Dios-
ma. poems original and selected; and
Gathered Leaves, a volume of prose. She
died Sept. 5, 1865, in Newburyport. Mass.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
413
GOULD, HERMAN D., congressman,
was born in Connecticut. Having taken
up. his residence in New York he was
elected a representative in congress from
that state, from 1849 to 1851. He died in
1852 in Delhi, N. Y.
GOULD, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, was
born Dec. 5, 1770, in Branford, Conn. He
was a jurist of Connecticut who published
The Principles of Pleading in Civil Ac
tions. He died May 11, 1836, in Litch-
field, Conn.
GOULD, JAY, financier, was born May
27, 1836, in Roxbury, N. Y. He made sur
veys of Ulster, Albany and Delaware
counties, and from
these surveys he ac
cumulated five thou
sand dollars. In 1856
he published a His
tory of Delaware
County. In 1857 he
became the largest
stockholder and a di
rector intheStrouds-
burg (Pa.) bank;
bought the bonds of
the Rutland and
Washington railroad
at ten cents on the dollar, and in 1859 es
tablished himself in New York city as a
broker. He invested heavily in Erie rail
way stock, and subsequently controlled
ten thousand miles of railroad. He ac
cumulated over fifty millions of dollars.
He died Dec. 2, 1892, in New York city.
GOULD, JOHN W., author, was born
Nov. 5, 1814, in Litchfield, Conn. He was
the author of Forecastle Yarns; and Pri
vate Journal of Voyage from New York
to Rio Janeiro. He died Oct. 1, 1838, at
sea.
GOULD, NATHANIEL DUREN, musi
cian, author, was born March 26, 1781, in
Bedford, Mass. He was a musician and
penman of Boston who published A His
tory of Church Music. He died May 28,
1864, in Boston, Mass.
GOULD, OZRO BARNES, soldier, law
yer, state legislator, jurist, was born April
17, 1840, in Canada. In 1861 he enlisted in
the fifty-fifth Ohio infantry, served
throughout the war, and attained the rank
of captain. In 1867 he settled in Winona,
Minn., in the practice of law. In 1881 he
was a member of the Minnesota state
house of representatives, and in 1895 was
appointed judge of the third judicial dis
trict.
GOULD, THOMAS R., sculptor, was
born in 1818 in Boston, Mass. Among the
works that he produced were two colossal
heads, Christ and Satan, both of which
Were exhibited at the Boston athenaeum in
1863. but afterward removed to his studio
in Florence. He died Nov. 26, 1881, in
Florence, Italy.
GOULD, WILL DANIEL, educator, law
yer, was born Sept. 17, 1845, in Cabot,
Vt. He received the rudiments of his
education at the pub
lic and high schools
of his native city;
the academies of St.
Johnsbury and
Barre, Vt.; and in
1871 graduated from
the university of
Michigan. He be
came principal of
the graded schools at
Passumpsic, Marsh-
field and Plainfield,
Vt. ; and was super
intendent of schools in his native town
when twenty-one years of age. In 1872
he settled in Los Angeles, Cal., where he
has since been successfully engaged in the
active practice of law.
GOULDING, FRANCIS ROBERT, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 28, 1810,
in Midway, Ga. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Georgia whose Young Mar-
ooners on the Florida Coast, a tale for
boys, has long been popular. Other works
of his include Marooner's Island; Frank
Gordon; Fishing and Fishes; Woodruff
Stories; Little Josephine; Cousin Aleck;
Adventures Among the Indians; and Boy
Life on the Water. He died Aug. 22, 1881,
in Roswell, Ga.
GOULEY, JOHN WILLIAM SEVERIN,
physician, author, was born March 11,
1832, in New Orleans, La. He is a phy
sician, professor in the university of New
York, and the author of External Perineal
Urethrotomy; Diseases of the Urinary
Organs; and Diseases of Man.
GOURDIN, THEODORE, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1813 to 1815. He
died Jan. 17, 1826.
GOVAN, A. R., congressman, was born
in Orangeburg, S. C. He was a represent
ative in congress from South Carolina
from 1822 to 1827, having first been elect
ed to fill a vacancy.
GOVE, SAMUEL F., soldier, merchant,
congressman, was born March 9, 1822,
in Weymouth, Mass. He was a captain
and assessor of taxes for Bibb county in
the confederate service; and was elected a
representative from Georgia to the for
tieth congress as a republican.
GOVE, WILLIAM HAZELTINE, orator,
legislator, was born July 10, 1817, in
Weare, N. H. He became well known as a
stump speaker, and gained the title of the
silver-tongued orator of New Hampshire.
He was elected a member of the legisla
ture in 1851, 1852, and 1855. He died March
11, 1876, in Weare, N. H.
GO WAN, ALBERT W., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, was born May 16, 1846, in
Rushford, N. Y. During the civil war
he enlisted in battery M, first regiment
United States artillery, and served three
years. In 1871 he moved to Osborne
county, Kan., and helped to organize that
county, and in 1881 was its representative
in the Kansas state legislature. In 1882
he moved to Oregon and in 1890 settled
in Burns, where he is engaged in the
practice of law. During 1893-96 he war,
captain of troop A of the Oregon National
Guard.
GOWANS, WILLIAM, bookseller, anti
quarian, author, was born March 29, 1803,
in Scotland. From 1828 until his death he
was identified with the book business
of New York city. He died Nov. 27, 1870,
in New York city.
GOWER, CORNELIUS A., educator,
manufacturer, was born in 1845 in Abbott,
Maine. He was superintendent of public
instruction during 1878-81; and the suc
ceeding eleven years was superintendent
of the State Reform school. He is presi
dent and general manager of the Building
and Loan association of Lansing, Mich.
GRACE, GEORGE AZARIAH, lawyer,
was born Dec. 9, 1845, in Johnson county,
Tenn. After receiving his education, he
graduated from the Albany Law school,
N. Y. He has been assistant United States
attorney for the western district of Arkan
sas, and is one of the leading lawyers of
that state, and practices his profession at
Fort Smith.
GRACE, THOMAS L., bishop, was born
Nov. 16, 1814, in Charleston, S. C. He at
tained eminence in the Roman catholic
church, and for many years was a bishop
of St. Paul, Minn.
GRACE, WILLIAM RUSSELL, mer
chant, was born May 10, 1832, in Ireland.
In 1881 he established the New York and
Pacific Steamship company.
GRACEY, JOHN TALBOT, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 16, 1831, in Phila
delphia, Pa. For eight years he was a
missionary to India. He is a noted lec
turer, the author of several works, and the
editor of The Missionary Review of the
World.
GRADY, BENJAMIN F., soldier, edu
cator, congressman, was born Oct. 10,
1831, in Dublin county, N. C. He was
elected professor of mathematics and nat
ural sciences in Austin college. He re
mained in Austin college till he enlisted
in a Texas confederate regiment. He
located in North Carolina at the close of
the war. He was superintendent of public
schools of Dublin county from 1881 to
1888, and justice of the peace from 1879 to
1890. He was one of the trustees of the
North Carolina State university from 1873
to 1890; and was elected to the fifty-sec
ond and re-elected to the fifty-third con
gress as a democrat.
GRADY, HENRY WOODWARD, jour
nalist, was born May 24, 1850, in Athens,
Ga. In 1880 he bought an interest in the
Atlanta Constitution, and remained a
part owner and editor of that paper until
his death. He died Dec. 23, 1889.
GRADY, JOHN C., lawyer, United States
senator, was born Oct. 8, 1847, in East-
port, Maine. In 1876 he was elected to
represent the seventh district of Penn
sylvania in the state senate from Phila
delphia, and in 1881 was elected United
States senator.
GRADY, JOHN E., lawyer, state sena
tor, was born in Franklin county, Fla. He
has been collector of customs for the port
of Key West, and served with distinction
as a member of the Florida state senate.
GRAEBNER, AUGUSTUS L., clergy
man, author, was born in 1849, in Michi
gan. He is a lutheran clergyman, pro
fessor in the Theological seminary at St.
Louis from 1887, and is the author of
Half a Century of Sound Lutheranism in
America.
GRAFF, FREDERICK, civil engineer,
was born Aug. 27, 1775, in Philadelphia,
Pa. In 1811 he recommended Fairmount
as the proper place for the waterworks of
Philadelphia, and was entrusted with their
construction. For forty-two years he
was in the service of the city of Philadel
phia, and a monument to his memory was
erected in the grounds at Fairmount
waterworks. He died April 13, 1847, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
GRAFF, JOSEPH V., lawyer, congress
man, was born July 1, 1854, in Terre
Haute, Ind. He moved to Illinois; and
was a delegate to the national republican
convention at Minneapolis in 1892. He
has engaged in the practice of law ever
since his admission to the bar. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth and re-elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
GRAFFENRIED, R. C. DE, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1859 in Franklin,
Tenn. He was elected county attorney
of Longview, Texas; in 1888 was elector
on the democratic ticket; made the race
for congress in 1890; and was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
GRAFTON, CHARLES CHAPMAN,
bishop of Fond du Lac, Wis., was born
April 12, 1830, in Boston, Mass. He intro
duced into America the Sisterhood of St.
Margaret, East Grinstead, establishing the
community in Boston. He also founded
the Sisterhood of the Holy Nativity. He
was consecrated bishop of Fond du Lac
in the cathedral at Fond du Lac on April
25, 1889. His writings comprise: Voca
tion, or the Call of the Divine Master to
a Sister's Life; Plain Suggestions for a
Reverent Celebration of the Holy Com
munion; and various essays, sermons,
and tracts.
414
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GRAFTON, EDWARD C., naval officer,
was born in Boston. Mass. He was com
missioned lieutenant in 1855; lieutenant-
commander in 1862; commander in 1866;
and was retired in 1871. He died June 24,
1876, in New York city.
GRAFTON, JOSEPH, clergyman, was
born June 9, 1757, in Newport, R. I. He
accepted a call to Newton, Mass., and was
ordained as pastor of the baptist church
in that place in 1788. He died Sept. 16,
1836, in Newton, Mass.
GRAHAM, CHARLES KINNAIRD, civil
engineer, was born June 3, 1824, in New
York city. At the beginning of the civil
war he volunteered in the national army,
about four hundred men in his employ in
the navy yard following his example. In
1862 he was commissioned brigadier-gen
eral. He died April 18, 1889, in New York
city.
GRAHAM, CHRISTOPHER BRIAN, ed
ucator, journalist, clergyman, was born
May 19, 1850, in Charleston, W. Va. He
was a successful school teacher and a pros
perous merchant; and in 1879 became a
clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church. For six years he was presiding
elder of the Charleston district; and there
published The Charleston Advocate. He
has held important offices in his confer
ence, and now fills a pastorate in Wheel
ing, W. Va.
GRAHAM, CURTIS, author, was born
March 11, 1872, in Ormsby, Nev. He re
ceived his education in the San Francisco
schools and the university of California.
He has filled several positions of trust,
and is attaining success as a magazine
writer and author.
GRAHAM, DAVID, lawyer, author, was
born Feb. 8, 1808, in London, England.
He was a lawyer of New York city; and
the author of Practice of the Supreme
Court of New York State; New Trials;
and Courts of Law and Equity in New
York State. He died May 27, 1852, in Nice,
France.
GRAHAM, GEORGE, soldier, public of
ficial, was born about 1772 in Dumfries,
Va. He was acting secretary of war dur
ing the last two years of President Madi
son's administration. He became presi
dent of the Washington branch of the
United States bank; and in 1823 was ap
pointed commissioner of the land office.
He died in August, 1830, in Washington,
D. C.
GRAHAM, GEORGE REX, lawyer, jour
nalist, was born Jan. 18, 1813, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1846 he purchased the
North American, and in 1847 the United
States Gazette, which he incorporated
with the North American.
GRAHAM, HENRY HALE, jurist, was
born July 1, 1731, in London, England.
In 1789 Delaware county in Pennsylvania
was created, and he was commissioned
president judge of its court of common
pleas. He died Jan. 24, 1790, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
GRAHAM, ISABELLA, philanthropist,
was born July 29, 1742, in Scotland.
Among the more important of the institu
tions established by her are the Widows'
and Orphans' Asylum societies, the so
ciety for the Promotion of Industry, and
the first Sunday school for Ignorant
adults. She died July 27, 1814, in New
York city.
GRAHAM, JAMES, lawyer, congress
man, was born in January, 1793, in Lin
coln county, N. C. He served four years
in the state legislature; and was a repre
sentative in congress from North Carolina
from 1833 to 1843, and from 1845 to 1847.
He died Sept. 25, 1851.
GRAHAM, JAMES H., congressman.
He was elected a representative from New
York to the thirty-sixth congress.
GRAHAM, JAMES S., soldier, manu
facturer, legislator, was born May 28,
1836, in Edinburgh, Scotland. He served
as a soldier in the civil war, and was pro
moted to captain and brevetted major,
and in 1896 was elected commander de
partment of the New York Grand Army
of the Republic. He served as a member
of the New York legislature for three
terms; and is a successful manufacturer
of machinery in Rochester, N. Y.
GRAHAM, JOANNA, author. Of the
Life and Letters of Mrs. Graham, more
than 50,000 copies have been sold in Amer
ica, and many editions issued in England
and Scotland.
GRAHAM, JOHN, diplomat. He was a
citizen of Virginia. In 1819 he was ap
pointed minister plenipotentiary to Portu
gal. He also went to Brazil on diplomatic
business; and returned to the United
States in 1820. He died July 31, 1820.
GRAHAM, JOHN, clergyman, was born
in 1694 in Scotland. He was the author
of A Ballad against the Church of Eng
land in Connecticut. He died in Decem
ber, 1774, in Woodbury, Conn.
GRAHAM, JOHN ANDREW, lawyer,
author, was born June 10, 1764, in South-
bury, Conn. He was a lawyer of Rut
land, Vt. ; and the author of Descriptive
Sketch of Present State of Vermont;
Speeches; and Memoirs of Home Tooke.
He died Aug. 29, 1841, in New York city.
GRAHAM, JOHN HODGES, naval of
ficer, was born March 9, 1794, in Vermont.
He entered the navy as midshipman in
1812; was promoted to be lieutenant in
1817; and captain in 1849. He died March
15, 1878, in Newbury, N. H.
GRAHAM, JOHN H., soldier, merchant,
manufacturer, congressman, was born
April 1, 1835, in Ireland. In the fall of
1861 he recruited company A, fifth regi
ment heavy artillery, New York volun
teers, and served three years as its cap
tain, and was commissioned as major
and brevetted lieutenant-colonel. In 1889
he was selected by the hardware board of
trade to represent their interests and was
named as one of the incorporators of the
proposed World's Columbian exposition
to be held in New York. He was elected
to the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
GRAHAM, JOHN LORIMER, soldier,
lawyer, was born March 20, 1797, in Lon
don, England. In 1834 he was appointed
regent of the state university, and from
1840 till 1844 was postmaster of New
York city. He died July 22, 1876, in
Flushing, N. Y.
GRAHAM, LOYAL M., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Nov. 20, 1860, in Butler
county, Pa. He is a successful lawyer
of Stockville, Neb.; has been county at
torney of his county for two terms; and
served with distinction as a senator in the
Nebraska state legislature.
GRAHAM, MRS. MARGARET COL
LIER, author, was born in 1850 in Iowa.
She is a California writer who has pub
lished Stories of the Foot-Hills.
GRAHAM, NAPOLEON BONAPARTE,
soldier, journalist, was born June 14, 1846,
in Benton, Tenn. He served as a soldier
in the federal army; and was a candidate
for the Tennessee legislature. He is the
editor and owner of The Gazette of Duck-
town, Tenn.
GRAHAM, NEIL F., physician, surgeon,
was born Feb. 9. 1840, in Canada. He
served as a surgeon in the army until the
close of the war; and was elected pro
fessor of surgery at Howard university,
Washington, D. C., in 1872.
GRAHAM, ROBERT, clergyman, edu
cator, college president, was born Aug. 14,
1822, in Liverpool, England. He was the
president and founder of the Arkansas
college; has been president of the Ken
tucky university; and until 1896 was pres
ident of College of the Bible of Lexing
ton, Ky.
GRAHAM, ROBERT D.. agriculturist,
lawyer, state legislator, was born Nov. 11,
1855, in Canada. He has attained success
in the practice of law in Grand Rapids,
Mich. He served with distinction as a
member of the Michigan state legislature
in 1897-98.
GRAHAM, SYLVESTER, vegetarian,
author, was born in 1794 in Suffield,
Conn. He was a well-known vegetarian
and lecturer upon temperance. He was
the author of Lectures on the Science of
Human Life; Bread and Breadmaking;
and Philosophy of Sacred History. He
died Sept. 11, 1851, in Northampton, Mass.
GRAHAM, WILLIAM, college president,
was born Dec. 19, 1745, in Harrisburg, Pa.
He was first president of Liberty Hall
academy, afterward Washington college
and Washington and Lee university. He
died June 8, 1799, in Richmond, Va.
GRAHAM, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in 1783. He was a member of
the convention which framed the state
constitution of Indiana; and served many
years in both branches of the state legis
lature, and was speaker in 1820. He was
a representative in congress from Indiana
from 1837 to 1839. He died in 1857 near
Valonia, Ind.
GRAHAM, WILLIAM A., lawyer, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born
Sept. 5, 1804, in Lincoln county, N. C. He
served in the state
legislature from 1833
to 1836, and also in
1839 and 1840. He
was a senator in con
gress from North
Carolina from 1841
to 1843. In 1844 he
was elected governor
of the state, and re-
elected in 1846. He
was secretary of the
navy under Presi
dent Filmore; and
subsequently was nominated for the office
of vice-president on the ticket with Win-
field Scott. He was a delegate to the
Philadelphia national union convention of
1866; and subsequently held the position
of arbitrator between the states of Vir
ginia and Maryland. He died Aug. 11,
1875, in Saratoga, N. Y.
GRAHAM, WILLIAM A., farmer, sol
dier, state senator, was born Dec. 26, 1839,
in Hillsborough, N. C. He was a soldier
in the civil war, and for two terms was
a member of the North Carolina state
senate.
GRANBERY, JOHN COWPJiiR, bishop,
author, was born Dec. 5, 1829, in Norfolk,
Va. He is a bishop of the methodist
church south, who published a Bible Dic
tionary.
GRANGER, AMOS PHELPS, soldier,
farmer, merchant, congressman, was born
in June, 1789, in Suffield, Conn. He
served as a captain of militia at Sackett's
Harbor in 1812; and subsequently be
came a general of militia. He was elected
a representative from New York to the
thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
He died Aug. 20, 1866, in Syracuse, N. Y.
GRANGER, BRADLEY F., lawyer, con
gressman, was horn in New York. He was
elected a representative from Michigan
to the thirty-seventh congress.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
415
GRANGER, FRANCIS, congressman,
was born Dec. 1, 1792, in Suffield, Conn.
He was for five years from 1826 a member
of the New York general assembly. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1835 to 1837, and again
from 1839 to 1841, when he resigned to ac
cept from President Harrison the ap
pointment of postmaster-general. He was
a member of the peace convention of 1861.
He died Aug. 28, 1868, in Canandaigua,
N. Y.
GRANGER, GIDEON, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born July 19, 1767, in Suffleld,
Conn. In 1793 he was elected a member
of the legislature, and continued in that
body several years. In 1801 he was ap
pointed postmaster-general of the United
States, and continued in that office until
1814, when he removed to the state of
New York. In 1819 he was elected to the
state senate. He gave one thousand acres
of land in aid of the canal. He died Dec.
21, 1822, in Canandaigua, N. Y:
GRANGER, GORDON, soldier, was born
in 1821 in New York. During the civil
war he became a colonel, and was placed
in command of the army of Kentucky.
He died Jan. 10, 1876, in Santa Fe, N. M.
GRANGER, MILES TOBEY, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Aug. 12,
1817, in New Marlborough, Mass. He was
elected judge of the superior court of Con
necticut; and in 1876 was elected judge of
the supreme court, which he held till 1887,
when he resigned. He was a member of
the Connecticut house of representatives
in 1857; and of the senate in 1866-67. He
held the office of judge of the superior
court nineteen and a half years consecu
tively, and was elected to the fiftieth con
gress as a democrat.
GRANGER, ROBERT SEAMAN, sol
dier, was born May 24, 1816, in Zanesville,
Ohio. He served in the Florida, Mexican
and civil wars, and attained the brevet of
major-general in the United States army.
GRANNIS, GEORGE W., soldier, cler
gyman, reformer, was born Aug. 24, 1847,
in Butler county, Pa. During the civil
war he served in company E, one hundred
and ninety-third regiment Pennsylvania
volunteer infantry; and is now an active
member of the Grand Army of the Repub
lic. Since 1869 he has been a clergyman
of the methodist episcopal church; has
served as presiding elder; and is now
filling a pastorate in Salem, Ore. He has
always taken an active part in temper
ance and other reform movements, and
contributes extensively to current liter
ature.
GRANT, ABRAHAM, bishop, was born
Aug. 25, 1848, in Lake City, Fla. In 1888
he was elected bishop of the African
methodist episcopal church.
GRANT, ABRAHAM P.. congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1837 to 1839.
GRANT, AMARIAH J., soldier, clergy
man, was born May 23, 1841, in Hastings,
N. Y. He was the inventor of the auto-
^^^^^^^^ matic bar locking de-
^^s,- vice, which to-day
i may be found on
"•ik nearly every desk
manufactured. I n
1863 he enlisted in
the twenty-fourth
regiment New York
volunteer cavalry,
and was promoted to
sergeant. In 1876 he
left his trade of cab
inetmaker for the
ministry; and has
since been a successful clergyman of the
methodist episcopal church in his native
state.
GRANT, ASAHEL, physician, author,
was born Aug. 17, 1807, in Marshall, N. Y.
He was a physician who was a mission
ary in Persia; and the author of The Nes-
torians, or the Lost Tribes. He died
April 25, 1844, in Turkey.
GRANT, CHARLES S., physician, sur
geon, was born Nov. 29, 1845, in Hobart,
N. Y. He was one of the founders of the
State Medical association; and in 1885 he
erected at Saratoga Springs a sanitarium.
GRANT, CLEMENT ROLLINS, artist,
was born July 10, 1849, in Freeport, Maine.
His specialty is landscape and portrait
painting. Among his pictures are Amy
Wentworth, an illustration of Whittier's
poem, Marguerita; and O for the Touch
of a Vanished Hand.
GRANT, FREDERICK DENT,' soldier,
was born May 30, 1850, in St. Louis, Mo.
He is the son of General Grant, and in
1873 was commissioned lieutenant-colonel,
in which capacity he served eight years.
GRANT, FREDERICK ELSWORTH,
lawyer, jurist, was born Jan. 14, 1854, in
College Hill, Ohio. He received his edu
cation in the schools of Rossville. 111.;
and has attained success as an able law
yer of Huron, S. D. Since 1890 he has
been commissioner of the United States
circuit court; and is the present county
judge of Beadle county, at Huron, S. D.
GRANT, JAMES BENTON, miner, gov
ernor, was born Jan. 2, 1848, in Russell
county, Ala. He built the first large
smelting works at Leadville in 1878, under
the name of J. B. Grant and Co.; and
when the fire in that mining camp de
stroyed the works, he constructed in Den
ver in 1882, a finer plant than the original
one, consolidating his business with an
other company, under the name of the
Omaha and Grant Smelting Co. In 1882
he was nominated for governor and was
elected by an overwhelming majority.
GRANT, JOHN T.. railroad builder,
state senator, was born Dec. 13, 1813, near
Grantville, Ga. After graduating in 1833
from the state uni
versity, he became a
railroad builder in
Georgia, Alabama,
Tennessee, Mississip
pi, Louisiana and
Texas. In 1856 he
was elected state
senator from Walton
county; became col
onel on the staff of
Governor H o w e 1 i
Cobb; and built the
handsomest r e s i-
dence in Atlanta, Ga. He was a lover of
art, music and literature; and was both a
composer and performer on flute and
violin. He died Jan. 18, 1887, in Atlanta,
Ga. His only son, Captain W. D. Grant,
succeeded his fatner in carrying on his
various enterprises.
GRANT, JULIA DENT, wife of Presi
dent Grant, was born Jan. 26, 1826, in St.
Louis, Mo. When America called Grant
to the presidential chair, she stood with
dignity at his side, and commanded the
respect of all who beheld her; and this
respect has been enhanced by her con
tinued dignity through the trials and suf
ferings of Grant's last days.
'GRANT, LEMUEL PRATT, railroad
president, was born Aug. 11, 1817, in
Frankfort, Maine. In 1873 he became
president of the Georgia Pacific railroad;
and in 1883 was president of the Western
railroad of Alabama.
GRANT, ROBERT, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born Jan. 24, 1852, in Boston,
Mass. He is a lawyer of Boston well known
as a litterateur; from 1893 a judge of
probate and insolvency for Suffolk county,
Mass. He has written several satirical
works, including The Little Tin Gods on
Wheels; The Lambs; Yankee Doodle;
and the juvenile tales, Jack Hall; Jack in
the Bush. In fiction he has publisBed
Confessions of a Frivolous Girl; The
Carletons; Mrs. Harold Stagg; An Aver
age Man; The Knave of Hearts; A Ro
mantic Young Lady; Face to Face;. The
Bachelor's Christmas, and Other Stories;
The Opinions of a Philosopher; Reflec
tions of a Married Man. Other works of
his are The Art of Living; and The Old
est School in America.
GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON, eight
eenth president of the United States, was
born April 27, 1822, in Clermont county,
Ohio. He graduated
at the Military acad
emy at West Point in
1843, and entered the
United States regu
lar army as a brevet
second lieutenant.
He was afterward
promoted to captain,
and served in the
Mexican war under
Generals Scott and
Taylor. He partici
pated in the battles
of Palo Alto, Monterey, Vera Cruz and
Molino del Rey. At the close of the war
Grant's company was sent to Oregon. In
1848 he married Miss Julia T. Dent. In
1854 he resigned his connection with the
army, and settled near St. Louis. In 1859
he moved to Galena, 111., and engaged in
the leather trade until the breaking out
of the rebellion. He then entered the
union army as colonel, and distinguished
himself at the battles of Fort Donelson,
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Richmond and others.
He was promoted from time to time, until
February, 1864, when he received the com
mission of lieutenant-general from Presi
dent Lincoln's own hand, and continued
in the field until he received the sword
which General Robert Edward Lee sur
rendered at Appomattox Court House,
April 9, 1865. The republican national
convention met at Chicago May 21, 1868.
On the first ballot Grant was unanimously
nominated for president, with Schuyler
Colfax for vice-president. Being duly
elected, they were inaugurated March 4,
1869. At the republican national conven
tion held in Philadelphia June 5, 1872,
President Grant was renominated by
acclamation. Henry Wilson was nomin
ated for vice-president. Being elected,
they took the oath of office March 4, 1873.
He completed his term of eight years as
president March 4, 1877. On May 17 he
left Philadelphia for a tour around the
world, and landed in San Francisco Sept.
20, 1879. In the republican national con
vention in 1880 his name was presented
as a candidate for president, and he re
ceived from 302 to 313 votes during the
thirty-six ballots taken. He removed to
New York city in 1881. Just previous to
his death he wrote his memoirs, which
were published in two volumes, and
brought a large fortune to his widow.
He completed this last work of his life
but four days before his death, which oc
curred July 23, 1885, on Mount McGregor,
near Saratoga, N. Y. He was the author
of Report of the Armies of the United
States; and Personal Memoirs.
GRANT, WILLIAM DANIEL, capitalist,
was born Aug. 16, 1837, in Athens, Ga. He
is the largest owner of Atlanta real estate
and one of the wealthiest men of Georgia.
GRANTLAND, SEATON, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was elected a
representative in congress from Georgia
from 1835 to 1839; and was also a presi
dential elector.
416
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GRATACAP, LOUIS POPE, naturalist,
author, was born Nov. 1, 1850, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He is a naturalist connected
with the American Museum of Natural
History in New York city who has pub
lished Philosophy of Ritualism, or Apol
ogia Pro Ritu.
GRATKE, JOHN EDWARD, journalist,
legislator, was born Feb. 16, 1872, in Mil
waukee, Wis. He is the editor and pro
prietor of The Budget of Astoria, Ore.;
and in 1897 was elected a member of the
Oregon state legislature.
GRAVELY, JOSEPH J., soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born In 1828
in Henry county, Va. In 1853 and 1854
he was elected to the Virginia legislature.
In 1854 he moved to Missouri, and was
elected to the convention of that state in
1860. In 1862 he was elected to the senate
of the state, and re-elected in 1864. Dur
ing a part of the rebellion he was colonel
of the eighth regiment of Missouri cav
alry. After the close of the war he turned
his attention to the practice of law; and
in 1866 was elected a representative from
Missouri to the fortieth congress.
GRAVES, ABBOTT FULLER, artist,
was born April 15, 1859, at Weymouth,
Mass. Among his well-known floral
paintings are Chrysanthemum Show;
Peonies; Grandmother's Window; and
his most noted figure compositions are
The Silent Partner; Next of Kin; Saved
from the Wreck; A Dawn of Hope; The
Light in the Window; and A Labor of
Love.
GRAVES, MRS. ADELIA CLEOPATRA,
educator, author, poet, was born March
17, 1821, in Kingsville, Ohio. She gradu
ated from the Kingsville academy; en
tered educational work; and for thirty-
one years filled the chair of literature in
the Mary Sharp college of Winchester,
Tenn. In 1841 she was married to Prof.
Z. C. Graves, president of Soule college,
and founder and president of the Mary
Sharp college. She is the author of sev
eral books; has contributed extensively
both prose and verse to periodical litera
ture; and is one of the most popular
writers of the south. Her best-known
works are: Life of Columbus; Poems for
Children; Seclusarval, or the Arts of
Romanism; and Jephtha's Daughter, a
drama.
GRAVES, ALEXANDER, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Aug. 29, 1844,
in Mississippi. He entered the confeder
ate army, serving throughout the war. In
1872 he was elected, city attorney of Lex
ington; and in 1874 was elected prosecut
ing attorney of Lafayette county. He was
elected a representative from Missouri to
the forty-eighth congress as a democrat.
GRAVES, ANSON ROGERS, clergyman,
bishop, was born April 13, 1842, in Wells,
Vt. When five years of age he moved
with his parents to
Illinois; received
the rudiments of his
education in the
common schools;
and subsequently
graduated from the
Rutland high school
and Hobart college.
In his junior year he
took both the White
and Cobb essay
prizes. After gradu
ating in 1866 he stud
ied law and taught school; but after two
years he entered the General Theological
seminary. After twelve years of work as
a clergyman in the episcopal church In
parishes east and west, he became rector
of the Gethsemane church of Minneapolis,
Minn.; and in 1890 was consecrated mis
sionary bishop of western Nebraska. He
has received the degrees of S. T. D. and
LL. D.
GRAVES, CHARLES W., lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 29, 1854, in East Aurora,
N. Y. He studied law with his father,
was admitted to the bar in 1876. and
practiced law in Sparta until 1879, then
he removed to Viroqua. Since 1894 he
has been county judge of Vernon county.
GRAVES, EDWARD OZIEL, public of
ficial, banker, was born Aug. 3, 1843, in
Gravesville, N. Y. In 1883-85 he was as
sistant treasurer of the United States at
Washington, D. C.; and during 1885-89
was chief of the bureau of engraving and
printing. He is president of the Wash
ington National bank of Seattle.
GRAVES, FRANK R., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born March 13, 1852, in Shelby
county, Texas. He attended the common
schools of Ellis coun
ty, and graduated
from the university
of Texas. He served
as a member of the
twenty-second and
twenty-third legisla
tures of Texas with
distinction. He was
a member of the
democratic state ex
ecutive committee of
Texas; was county
attorney of Karnes
county; and is one of the leading law
yers of his native state.
GRAVES, JOHN CARD, business man,
was born Nov. 18, 1839, in Herkimer, N. Y.
In 1862 he graduated from the Hamilton
college. He has been
clerk of the superior
court of Buffalo;
brigadier-general of
the eighth brigade;
president of the Mer
chants' exchange;
and is now president
of the Elevator com
pany of Buffalo, N.
Y. He organized
municipal reform in
the city of Buffalo;
was president of the
Citizens' association; and president of
the New York Siate Municipal league. He
is a director of the Buffalo Historical so
ciety and Art gallery; and has served
twenty years in the national guard of the
state.
GRAVES, JAMES ROBINSON, clergy
man, author, was born April 10, 1820, in
Chester, Vt. He is a baptist clergyman
of Nashville, prominent as a controver
sialist; and is the author of The Great
Iron Wheel, or Republicanism Backward;
The Little Iron Wheel; The Intermediate
State; Old Landmarks; Intercommunion
of Churches; The Redemptive Work of
Christ; The New Great Iron Wheel; De
nominational Sermons; and Parables and
Prophecies of Christ.
GRAVES, JAMES S., lawyer, public offi
cial, was born Aug. 3, 1860, in Columbia
City, Ind. He is a successful lawyer of
Kendallville, Ind.: has been city treas
urer; and in 1894 was elected mayor for
a term of four years.
GRAVES, JOHN TEMPLE, journalist,
was born Nov. 9, 1856, in Willington, S. C.
For three years he was editor of The
Rome Tribune; and in 1887 was chief
editor of the Atlanta Journal.
GRAVES, NATHAN FITCH, financier,
was born Feb. 17, 1813, in Oneida county,
N. Y. In 1852 he became the first presi
dent of the Burnet bank: and was one of
the founders of the Buchtel college.
GRAVES, THOMAS, naval officer, was
born June 6, 1605, in Ratcliffs, England.
As a reward for his capture of a Dutch
privateer in the English channel, during
Cromwell's protectorate, he was appointed
to command a ship-of-war and made a
rear-admiral. He died July 31, 1653, in
Charlestown, Mass.
GRAVES, VIRGINIA, educator, was
born Sept. 11, 1848, in Jacksonville, 111.
In 1869 she received the degree of B. D.
from the Iowa State university; and from
the same institution the degree of A. B.
in 1870, and the degree of A. M. in 1873.
She has attained eminent success in edu
cational work, and for many years has
been principal of the Washington high
school of her native city.
GRAVES, WILLIAM JORDAN, con
gressman, was born in 1805 in Newcastle,
Ky. He was a member of the Kentucky
legislature from Henry county in 1834;
and was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1835 to 1841. In 1838 he
engaged in a duel at Bladensburg, Md.,
with Jonathan Cilley, in which the latter
was killed. He was again a member of
the legislature in 1843 from Jefferson
county; and was a presidential elector in
1848. He died Sept. 27, 1848, in Louisville,
Ky.
GRAVES, ZWINGLIUS CALVIN, edu
cator, college president, was born in 1816
in Chester, Vt. In 1850 he was called to
take charge of the Mary Sharpe Female
college of Winchester, Tenn.
GRAY, ALBERT, manufacturer, banker,
state senator, was born July 22, 1844, in
Middletown Springs, Vt. He is a well-
known manufacturer of horse-power
thrashing machines; and a successful
banker in his native city. In 1876 he was
elected a representative to the Vermont
state legislature; and in 1886 served with
distinction as a state senator.
GRAY, ALBERT ZAVRISKIE, educator,
clergyman, author, was born March 2,
1840, in New York city. He was an epis
copal clergyman and educator, and war
den of Racine college, Wisconsin, in 1882-
88. He is the author of Racine and Her
Labor of Love; The Land and the Life;
Jesus Only, and Other Devotional Poems;
and Mexico as It Is. He dietf Feb. 16, 1889,
in Chicago, 111.
GRAY, ALFRED G., naval officer, was
born in 1818, in Norfolk, Va. In 1865 he
entered the service of the Pacific Mail
Steamship company, by whom he was
made commodore in 1874. He died Nov.
10, 1876, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
GRAY, ASA, educator, botanist, author,
was born Nov. 18, 1810, In Paris, N. Y.
He was professor at Harvard university
in 1842-88, and was in charge of the bo
tanical garden at Cambridge. He is the
author of Elements of Botany, now called
Structural and Systematic Botany; How
Plants Grow; A Free Examination of
Darwin's Origin of bpecies; Darwiniana;
Natural Science and Religion; Manual of
the Botany of the Northern United States;
Synoptical Flora of North America; How
Plants Behave; Field, Forest, and Gar
den Botany; Lessons in Botany; School
and Field Book of Botany; Botany of the
United States Pacific Exploring Expedi
tion; and Scientific Papers selected by C.
S. Sargent. He died Jan. 30, 1888, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
GRAY. DAVID, journalist, poet, was
born Nov. 9, 1836, in Edinburg, Scotland.
He was a journalist of Buffalo, on the ed
itorial staff of The Courier in 1856-82; and
was the author of a volume of poems. He
died March 18, 1888, in Binghamton, N. Y.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
417
GRAY, EDGAR HARKNESS, clergy
man, was born Nov. 28, 1815, in Bridge
port, Vt. After the beginning of the
thirty-ninth congress he was elected chap
lain of the United States senate, and con
tinued in that office four years. He was
one of the four clergymen who officiated
at the funeral services of President Lin
coln in Washington.
GRAY, EDWARD, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1799 to 1813.
GRAY, ELISHA, electrician, inventor,
author, was born Aug. 2, 1833, in Barnes-
ville, Ohio. He is an electrician and in
ventor who has published Experimental
Researches in Electric Harmonic Tele
graphy.
GRAY, FRANCIS GALLEY, lawyer, au
thor, was born Sept. 19, 1790, in Salem,
Mass. He was a Boston lawyer prominent
as an enlightened patron of arts and edu
cation who published a work on Prison
Discipline. He died Dec. 29, 1856, in Bos
ton, Mass.
GRAY, GEORGE, was born Oct. 26, 1725,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He took an active in
terest in the affairs of the colony, and
served in the assembly as delegate from
Philadelphia from 1772 until 1775. He
died in 1800 in Whitby hall, near Philadel
phia, Pa.
GRAY, GEORGE, lawyer, United States
senator, was born May 4, 1840, in New
Castle, Del. He was appointed attorney-
general of the state of Delaware in 1879,
and reappointed in 1884. He was elected
to the United States senate to fill a
vacancy and took his seat March 19, 1885,
and was re-elected in 1887 and in 1893, his
term of service expiring in 1899.
GRAY, GEORGE EDWARD, civil en
gineer, was born Sept. 12, 1818, in Verona,
N. Y. He has been chief engineer of the
Southern Pacific railroad of Arizona, of
the Southern Pacific railroad of New
Mexico, and directed the location and con
struction of the Galveston, Harrisburg
and San Antonio railroad from El Paso
to San Antonio, Texas.
GRAY, GEORGE SEAMAN, business
man, clergyman, author, was born in 1835
in New York. He was a presbyterian
clergyman who, after retiring from the
ministry, engaged in business in Cincin
nati. He was the author of Eight Etudies
of the Lord's Day. He died in 1885.
GRAY, GEORGE ZABRISKIE, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born July
14, 1838, in New York city. He was an
episcopal clergyman of Cambridge, dean
of the Theological school, 1876-89, and
prominent among broad church thinkers.
He was the author of The Scripture Doc
trine of Recognition; The Children's Cru
sade: An Episode of the Thirteenth Cen
tury; Husband and Wife; and The
Church's Certain Faith. He died Aug. 5,
1889, in Sharon Springs, N. Y.
GRAY, GILES H., lawyer, legislator,
was born May 16, 1834, in New York city.
He attended the free college of the city of
New York; was one of its first graduates,
and has received the degrees of A. B. and
A. M. from that college. He is a success
ful lawyer, and practices in all the courts
of California. He has been a member of
the city council of San Francisco; a mem
ber of the board of education of that city,
and also of Oakland. He has served with
distinction as a member of the California
state legislature, and has been United
States surveyor of customs for the port of
San Francisco.
GRAY, HENRY PETERS, artist, was
born June 23, 1819, in New York city.
Cleopatra; Charity; The Birth of Our
Flag; and Twilight Musings. He died
Nov. 12, 1877, in New York city.
27
GRAY, HIRAM, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born April 10, 1802, in
Salem, N. Y. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1837 to
1839; in 1846 was judge of the sixth judi
cial district, and in 1847 one of the justices
of the supreme court, serving in that
capacity until 1860.
GRAY, HORACE, associate justice of
the supreme court of the United States,
was born March 24, 1828, in Boston, Mass.
Hi' \\iis .uTadiliitril
*rom Harvard col
lege in the class of
1845 and from the
Harvard Law school
s~ in 1849. He was ad-
'-. mitted to the bar in
1851, and was ap-
^-JJfcl pointed reporter of
the supreme judicial
court of Massachu
setts in 1854 and
held the position un
til 1861. He was ap
pointed associate justice of the supreme
judicial court of Massachusetts in 1864,
and chief justice of that court in 1873;
and was commissioned an associate jus
tice of the supreme court of the United
States in 1881.
GRAY, ISAAC PUSEY, soldier, lawyer,
state senator, governor, was born Oct. 18,
1828, in Chester county, Va. In 1862 he
was appointed colonel of the fourth Indi
ana cavalry, and in 1864 raised the one
hundred and forty-seventh regiment of
Indiana infantry. In 1868 he was elected
a state senator. In 1876 he was elected
lieutenant-governor of Indiana; became
governor on the death of Governor James
D. Williams; and in 1884 was elected gov
ernor of Indiana for the term of four
years.
GRAY, JAMES, clergyman, author, was
born Dec. 25, 1770, in Ireland. He pub
lished Mediatorial Reign of the Son of
God; Dissertation on the Priesthood of
Jesus Christ and Melchisedec, together
with the Life of Christ; and sermons. He
died Sept. 20, 1824, in Gettysburg, Pa.
GRAY, JAMES J., lawyer, was born
Nov. 23, 1861, in Chicago, 111. He received
a thorough education and graduated from
the Kent College of Law. He has been
deputy probate clerk and circuit court
clerk in the city of Chicago, where he
has attained prominence as one of its
leading lawyers.
GRAY, JAMES M., clergyman, theolog
ian, lecturer, was born in 1851, in New
York city. For fifteen years he was rec
tor of the First Reformed Episcopal
church of Boston, Mass. He occupies the
chair of lectures on the English Bible in
the Reformed Episcopal seminary of Phil
adelphia. He is also the author of a
series of lectures on How to Master the
Bible.
GRAY, JOHN, soldier, was born Jan.
6, 1764, in Fairfax Courthouse, Va. He
entered the continental army, and served
throughout the entire war. He was re
puted to be ths last survivor of the Ameri
can revolution. He died March 29, 1868,
in Hiramsburg, Ohio.
GRAY, JOHN C., congressman, was
born in Southampton county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from that
state from 1820 to 1821 to fill a vacancy.
GRAY, JOHN CHIPMAN, educator,
lawyer, author, was born in 1839, in Mas
sachusetts. He is a lawyer of Boston,
and Royall professor of law at Harvard
university since 1883. He is the author of
Restraints on the Alienation of Property;
Rule Against Perpetuities, and Select
Cases.
GRAY, JOHN F., physician, was born in
September, 1804, in Sherbourne, N. Y. He
was the first physician in America who
adopted homeopathy, or the medical sys
tem of Hahnemann.
GRAY, MORRIS, lawyer, author, was
born in 1856 in Massachusetts. He is a
Boston lawyer, and the author of A
Treatise on the Law of Communication by
Telegraph.
GRAY, ROBERT, discoverer, was born
in 1755 in Tiverton, R. I. In 1791 he dis
covered the mouth of a great river to
which he gave the name Columbia, after
his own vessel. He died in 1806 in Charles
ton, S. C.
GRAY, SOLOMON S., manufacturer, in
ventor, was born in 1820 in Bowdoinham,
Maine. He devised Gray and Wood's
planing machine. He was the inventor of
the molded collar.
GRAY, TRUMAN, planter, merchant,
state senator, was born April 5, 1854, in
Wayne county, Miss. He received a
thorough education and attended the Mis
sissippi college at Clinton. He has been
county superintendent of public instruc
tion, and is now state senator from the
second senatorial district of Mississippi.
He is a successful planter and merchant
of Boyce, and takes an active part in the
public affairs of his city, county and state.
GRAY, WILLIAM, merchant, state sen
ator, lieutenant-governor, was born June
27, 1750, in Lynn, Mass. He removed to
Boston, became a state senator, and in
1810 was elected lieutenant-governor. He
died Nov. 4, 1825, in Boston, Mass.
GRAY, WILLIAM CRANE, bishop of
southern Florida, was born Sept. 6, 1836,
in Lambertville, N. J. He founded a
church school for girls in Bolivar, Tenn. ;
rebuilt St. James's church and built St.
Philip's chapel for colored people.
GRAYBILL, WILLIAM M., educator,
college president, author, was born June
25, 1851, in Pincastle, Va. Since 1890 he
has been president of the Rogersville Syn-
odical college, Tenn. He is the author of
Charts of History and Civil Government.
GRAYDON, ALEXANDER, author, was
born April 10, 1752, in Bristol, Pa. He
was a citizen of Harrisburg who published
Memoirs of a Life Passed Chiefly in Penn
sylvania within the last Sixty Years, a
lively, entertaining autobiography. He
died May 2, 1818, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GRAYDON, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born Sept. 4, 1759, near Bristol, Pa.
He was a lawyer of Harrisburg, and the
author of Digest of the Laws of the
United States; Justice and Constable's As
sistant; and Forms of Conveyancing. He
died Oct. 13, 1840, in Harrisburg, Pa.
GRAYSON, WILLIAM, soldier, United
States senator, was born in Prince Will
iam county, Va. He was appointed aide-
de-camp to General Washington in 1776;
colonel of a Virginia regiment in 1777,
and commissioner of the board of war in
1780 and 1781. He was a delegate to the
continental congress from 1784 to 1787;
member of the Virginia convention to
consider the federal constitution in 1788,
and in 1789 and 1790 was United States
senator from Virginia. He died March 12,
1790, at Dumfries, Va.
GRAYSON, WILLIAM, state legislator,
governor, was born in 1786 in Maryland.
He was a planter; served in both branches
of the state legislature, and took an active
part in the successful struggle to obtain
a new state constitution in 1838. He was
governor of Maryland from 1838 to 1841.
He died July 9, 1868, in Queen Anne
county, Md.
418
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GRAYSON, WILLIAM JOHN, state leg
islator, congressman, author, was born
Nov. 10, 1788, in Beaufort, S. C. He was
a commissioner in equity of South Caro
lina for many years; a member of the
state legislature in 1813; and a represent
ative in congress from 1833 to 1837. He
was appointed, by President Taylor, col
lector of the customs of Charleston, hold
ing the office until 1853. He subsequently
devoted himself to planting; published
The Hireling and the Slave; Chicora, and
Other Poems; and was the author of a
Life of J. L. Petigru. He died Oct. 4,
1863, in Newberne, S. C.
GREATON, JOHN, soldier, was born
March 10, 1741, in Roxbury, Mass. Dur
ing the siege of Boston he led an expedi
tion which destroyed the buildings on
Long Island in Boston harbor. Congress
made him a brigadier-general in 1783. He
died Dec. 16, 1783, in Roxbury, Mass.
GREATOREX, ELIZABETH ELEAN
OR, artist, was born May 26, 1854, in New
York. She has decorated china, and il
lustrated books, but now gives her chief
attention to painting. She has exhibited
at the National academy The Bath; and
Color that Burns as if no Frost could
Tame.
GREATOREX, HENRY WELLINGTON,
musician, composer, was born in 1816
in England. For some years he was or
ganist and conductor of the choir at St.
Paul's chapel of New York city. He pub
lished a Collection of Psalm and Hymn
Tunes. Chants, Anthems, and Sentences.
He died in September, 1858, in Charles
ton, S. C.
GREATOREX, KATHLEEN HONORA,
artist, was born Sept. 10, 1851, in Hobo-
ken, N. J. Many of her paintings have
been flower-pieces, and she has exhibited
The Last Bit of Autumn; Goethe's Foun
tain, Frankfort; panels with Thistles and
Corn and Hollyhocks.
GREATSINGER, JACOB L., railroad
president, was born July,l, 1859, in El-
mira, N. Y. Since 1892 he has been presi
dent of the Duluth and Iron Range nil-
road.
GREELEY, HORACE, journalist, states
man, author, was born Feb. 3, 1811, in
Amherst, N. H. In 1831 he obtained work
as a journeyman
printer in New York
city. In 1834, in con
nection with Jonas
Winchester, he start
ed the New Yorker,
a weekly journal of
literature and gen
eral intelligence, and
became its editor;
after struggling on
several years the
journal was aban
doned. During its
existence, Mr. Greeley published several
political campaign papers, the Constitu
tion, the Jeffersonian, and the Log Cabin.
In 1841 he commenced the publication of
the New York Tribune, and in 1848 was
rliosen to fill a vacancy in the thirtieth
congress. In 1851 he visited Europe, and
was chosen chairman of one of the juries
at the world's fair; gave an account of his
travels in a series of letters to the Trib
une, which were afterwards collected into
a volume. He also published a collection
of his addresses, essays, etc., under the
title of Hints Toward Reforms; and a
work entitled The American Conflict. In
1864 he was a presidential elector; was a
delegate to the Philadelphia loyalists'
convention of 1866, and to the state con
stitutional convention of 1867. He was
one of those who gave bail for Jefferson
Davis in May, 1867. In 1872 he was nom
inated by the conservative party for the
office of president, but was defeated. His
most popular book was Recollections of a
Busy Life. He died Nov. 29, 1872, near
Pleasantville, N. Y.
GREELY, ADOLPHUS WASHINGTON,
explorer, author, was born March 27, 1844,
at Newburyport, Mass. He is an arctic
explorer in the United States service. In
1887 he was appointed chief of the signal
service corps, with the rank of brigadier-
general, and was thus at the head of the
weather bureau until its transfer to the
department of agriculture in 1891. He is
the author of Three Years of Arctic Ser
vice; American Weather; Handbook of
Arctic Discoveries; and Explorers and
Travelers.
GREEN, ALEXANDER LITTLE PAGE,
clergyman, author, was born June 6, 1806,
in Sevier county, Tenn. He was a meth-
odist clergyman of Nashville who was the
author of The Church in the Wilderness.
He died July 15, 1874, in Nashville, Tenn.
GREEN, ASHBEL, clergyman, college
president, author, was born July 6, 1762,
in Hanover, N. J. He was a presbyterian
clergyman, president of Princeton college
in 1812-22. He is the author of Sermons
from 1790 to 1836; Sermons on the Assem
bly's Catechism; and History of Pres
byterian Missions. He died May 19, 1848,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
GREEN, BARTHOLOMEW, printer,
journalist, was born Oct. 12, 1666, in Cam
bridge, Mass. In 1704 he issued the first
number of the Boston News Letter, which
for fifteen years was the only newspaper
in the colonies. For about forty years
he was printer for the government, and
the foremost publisher in Boston. He
died Dec. 28, 1732, in Boston, Mass.
GREEN, BERIAH, reformer, author, was
born in 1794 in New York state. He was
a reformer and anti-slavery leader of
Ohio and New York. He is the author of
History of the Quakers; and Sermons and
Discourses. He died May 4, 1874, in
Whitestown, N. Y.
GREEN, BYRAM, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in New York. He
served five years in the assembly of that
state; was a representative in congress
from 1843 to 1845; and was subsequently
judge of a county court. He died Oct. 18,
1865, in Sodus, N. Y.
GREEN, CALEB SMITH, lawyer, jurist,
banker, was born Feb. 18, 1819, in Law-
renceville, N. J. He gained a large and
profitable practice, and was elected in
1873 a judge of the court of errors and
appeals, serving for eleven years. He
died Feb. 19, 1891, in Trenton, N. J.
GREEN, CHARLES, naval officer, was
born in 1814 in Connecticut. He entered
the United States navy in 1826, became
past midshipman in 1832, lieutenant in
1837, commander in 1855, captain in 1862,
and commodore- in 1867. He died April 7,
1887, in Providence, R. I.
GREEN, CHARLES GORDON, journal
ist, was born July 1, 1804, in Boscawen,
N. H. He was editor of the Free Press of
Taunton, Mass.; the National Palladium
of Philadelphia in 1827; The Boston
Statesman in 1829, and was the founder
and editor of the Boston Morning Post.
He died Sept. 27, 1886, in Boston, Mass.
GREEN, CHARLES HENRY, inventor,
business man, was born Oct. 21, 1837, in
Dayton, Ohio. His hektograph is said
to be the best invention ever used for
reproducing writings and facsimile copies.
In 1889 he was elected president of the
Washington City and Point Lookout Rail
way company.
GREEN, DUFF, lawyer, journalist, au
thor, was born Aug. 15, 1791, in Kentucky.
He was a Washington lawyer and journal
ist, and the author of Facts and Sugges
tions; and How to Pay off the National
Debt. He died June 10, 1875, in Dalton,
Ga.
GREEN, EDWARD HOWARD, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, public official, was born
March 1, 1837, in Aurora, Ind. During
the civil war he enlisted in company I,
sixteenth regiment Indiana volunteers,
and was elected first sergeant of the com
pany. He next entered the eleventh regi
ment of Kentucky volunteer cavalry as
second lieutenant, was promoted to first
lieutenant, and finally to captain. In 1866
he was elected a member of the Indiana
state legislature, and during 1877-79
served as mayor of Aurora, Ind. In 1886
he was elected prosecuting attorney of
his county, and in 1890 was again elected
mayor of his city, and again in 1892. He
died Sept. 7, 1893.
GREEN, EDWARD ROWLAND ROB
INSON, railroad president, was born Aug.
22, 1868, in London, England. Since 1893
he has been president of the Texas Mid
land railroad.
GREEN, ERNEST SHERMAN, journal
ist, poet, was born April 30, 1866, in Wase-
ca, Minn. He is the editor of Mexican and
South American poems; and the author of
a volume entitled Poems of the Past, Pres
ent and Future.
GREEN, EZRA, soldier, physician, was
born June 17, 1746, in Maiden, Mass. In
1775 he joined the continental army as
surgeon. He was a delegate to the New
Hampshire constitutional convention of
1820. He died July 25, 1847, in Dover,
N. H.
GREEN, FRANCIS MATTHEWS, naval
officer, author, was born Feb. 23, 1835, in
Boston, Mass. He was a United States
naval commander, and the author of The
Navigation of the Caribbean Sea; Tele
graphic Determination of Longitudes; and
List of Geographical Positions.
GREEN, FREDERICK W., congress
man, was born in Maryland. He removed
to Ohio, and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1851 to
1855.
GREEN, GEORGE WALTON, lawyer,
author, was born in 1854 in New York. He
is a lawyer of New York city and the au
thor of Repudiation.
GREEN, HARRY H., clergyman, poet,
was born March 13, 1839, in England. In
1869 he began the study of law, but on the
breaking otit of the
war at that time ne
enlisted as a private
in company I, second
regiment Iowa vol
unteer infantry. At
the battle of Corinth
ne was recommend
ed for promotion,
and commissioned
captain of his com
pany. Since 1865 he
has filled important
pastorates in the
methodist episcopal church. He has served
with distinction as a representative in the
Iowa state legislature, on the prohibition
issue. He was appointed presiding elder
of the Dubuque district for six years, and
in 1890 was re-appointed presiding elder
and placed on the Decorah district. He
has been a member of the board of trus
tees of the Upper Iowa university, and
also of the Epworth seminary. The de
gree of doctor of divinity was conferred
upon him by the Iowa Wesleyan univer
sity, and also by the university of the
Northwest.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
419
GREEN, HENRY WOODHULL, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born Sept. 20,
1802, in Lawrenceville, N. J. He was a
member of the legislature in 1842, of the
constitutional convention of 1844, and was
appointed afterward chancery reporter.
He was chief justice of the state supreme
court from 1846 till 1860, when he became
chancellor. He died Dec. 19, 1876, in Tren
ton.
GREEN, HORACE, physician, college
president, author, was born Dec. 24, 1802,
in Crittenden, Rutland county, Vt. He
was a physician of New York city, presi
dent of the New York Medical college in
1850-60, and the author of Diseases of the
Air Passages; Pathology and Treatment
of Croup; Surgical Treatment of the
Polypi of the Larynx; and Report of a
Hundred Cases of Pulmonary Diseases.
He died Nov. 29, 1866, in New York.
GREEN, HORTON BUXTON, educator,
clergyman, composer, was born Oct. 29,
1852, in Johnstown, Ohio. In 1853 he
moved with his par
ents to Carroll coun
ty, 111. He received
the rudiments of his
education in the
- . J^B common schools,
and attended the
Northern college of
Fulton, and subse
quently the Cum-
nock School of Ora
tory of Evanston,
111. For a while he
was engaged in edu
cational work, and since 1885 has been a
clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church. He has filled pastorates in the
Northwest Iowa conference in Ashton,
Inwood, Rock Valley and Sutherland.
He is the author of a number of sacred
and popular songs, both of the words and
music, which have appeared in sheet-
form and in several standard collections.
GREEN, I. Li., congressman, was born
in Massachusetts. He was a representa
tive in congress from Massachusetts from
1805 to 1809, and again from 1811 to 1813.
He died in 1841.
GREEN, INNIS, congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1827 to 1831.
GREEN, JACuB, patriot, clergyman,
author, was born June 22, 1722, in Mai
den, Mass. He was sent to the provincial
congress in 1775; and was chairman of the
committee which drafted the state con
stitution. He died May 24, 1790, in Han
over, Mass.
GREEN, JACOB, educator, scientist,
author, was born July 26, 1790, in Phila-
«elphia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia sci
entist who was professor of chemistry
in Jefferson Medical college. He was the
author of Chemical Diagrams; Chemical
Philosophy; Astronomical Recreations;
Trilobites; The Botany of the United
States; Notes of a Traveler; and Diseases
of the Skin. He died Feb. 1, 1841, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
GREEN, JAMES STEPHEN, lawyer,
congressman. United States senator, was
born Feb. 28, 1817, in Fauquier county,
Va. He was elected a member of congress
in 1846, serving through two terms. In
1853 President Pierce appointed him
charge d'affaires, and subsequently min
ister resident, at Bogota, New Granada.
He was again elected a member of con
gress in 1856, but before taking his seat
was chosen by the legislature to repre
sent the state of Missouri in the senate
of the United States, where he remained
until 1861. He died Jan. 9, 1870, in St.
Louis, Mo.
GREEN, JOHN, physician, was born in
1784, in Worcester, Mass. He established
a large practice in Worcester, accumu
lated a valuable professional library, and
in 1859 presented 7,000 miscellaneous
works to the city 01 vVorcester as a basis
for a public library. He died Oct. 17,
1865, at Worcester, Mass.
GREEN, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, was born May 20, 1807, in Yan-
cey county, N. C. In 1666 he was elected
to the Indiana state senate. At the ex
piration of his senatorial term he was
elected judge of the common pleas court.
GREEN, JOHN, surgeon, was born
April 2, 1835, in Worcester, Mass. He
became surgeon to the St. Louis eye and
ear infirmary in 1872. and ophthalmic
surgeon to St. Luke's hospital in 1874.
GREEN, JOHN CLEVE, merchant, was
born April 14, 1800, in Lawrenceville, N.
J. He endowed Princeton seminary with
the Helena professorship of history, built
one of the professor's houses, and be
queathed to the institution $50,000. He
also founded at Princeton the John C.
Green school of science, and was liberal
in his gifts to the university of New York.
He died April 28, 1875, in New York city.
GREEN, JOHN ORNE, physician, au
thor, was born May 14, 1799, in Maiden,
Mass. From 1868 till his death he was
senior physician of St. John's hospital.
He published History of Smallpox in
Lowell; Memorial of John C. Dalton; An
Address Before the Citizens of Lowell at
the Dedication of the Green School House;
Lowell and Harvard College. He died
Dec. 23, 1886, in Lowell, Mass.
GREEN, JOHN ORNE, physician, sur
geon, was born June 7, 1841, in Lowell,
Mass. In 1869-70 he was instructor in
aural surgery in Harvard, and since that
date has been aural surgeon in the Bos
ton city hospital.
GREEN, JOHN THOMPSON, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born Oct. 18,
1827, in Mechanicsville, S. C. He fre
quently served in the state legislature be
tween 1850 and 1865. On the reconstruc
tion of the state government he was ap
pointed judge of the third judicial district.
and held office till his death. He died
Jan. 27, 1875, in Sumter, S. C.
GREEN, JOHN WITHERS, soldier,
railroad president, was born Nov. 14, 1834,
in Darien, Ga. He served in the civil
war, and since 1881 he has been general
manager of the Georgia railroad.
GREEN, JOSEPH, loyalist, author,
poet, was born 1706, in Boston, Mass.
He was a Boston loyalist, widely known
in his day for his political lampoons and
his ready wit. He was the author of The
Wonderful Lament of Old Mr. Tanner;
and Poems and Satires. He died Dec. 11,
1780, in London, England.
GREEN, JULIA BOYNTON, author,
poet, was born May 25, 1861, in South
Byron, N. Y. She is the author of a
volume of poems entitled Lines and Inter
lines.
GREEN, LEWIS W., college president,
author, was born Jan. 28, 1806, in Boyle
county, Ky. From 1848-56 he served as
president of Hampden Sidney college. He
was the author of a work entitled Lec
tures on the Evidences of Christianity.
He died May 26, 1863, in Kentucky.
GREEN, MARTIN R., jurist, state sen
ator, was born Sept. 2v, 1809, in Enfield,
N. H. In 1838 he was elected to the In
diana state senate. In 1848 he was again
elected a member of the Indiana state sen
ate for a term of three years.
GREEN, MARY ELIZABETH, physi
cian, lecturer, author, was born in 1844,
in Machias, N. Y. She was judge of food
products at the World's Columbian ex
position, and is the author of a work en
titled Food Products of the World.
GREEN, NORVIN, railroad president,
state legislator, was born April 17, 1818,
at New Albany, Ind. In 1840 and after
ward he served three terms in the Ken
tucky legislature. He was president of
the Louisville, Cincinnati and Lexington
railroad in 1869-73.
GREEN, ROBERT STOCKTON, law
yer, congressman, was born March 25,
1831, at Princeton, N. J. He was city at
torney of the city of Elizabeth, N. J.,
from 1857 to 1868; was surrogate of
Union county from 1862 to 1867: and was
presiding judge of Union county court of
common pleas from 1868 to 1873. He
was a delegate to the democratic national
conventions of 1860 and 1880; and in
1884 was elected a representative from
New Jersey to the forty-ninth congress
as a democrat.
GREEN, ROBERT STOCKTON^ lawyer,
state legislator, was born Oct. 16, 1865,
in Elizabeth, N. J. In 1896 he was ap
pointed by the governor of New Jersey
as a member of the state board of as
sessors. In 1897 he was elected to the
state legislature.
GREEN, RUFUS SMITH, clergyman,
college president, author, was born in
1848, in New York. He is a presbyterian
minister, president of Elmira College for
Women since 1893, and the author of
History of Morristown, New Jersey; Our
Church at Work; The Christian Steward;
and Both Sides, or Jonathan and Abso-
lom.
GREEN, SAMUEL A., physician, au
thor, was born March 16, 1830, in Groton,
Mass. He Has attained success as a.i
noted physician of Boston; and is the
author of The Early Records of Groton;
History of Medicine in Massachusetts;
Groton Historical Series; and other works.
GREEN, SAMUEL B., educator, horti
culturist, author, was born Sept. 15, 1859,
in Chelsea, Mass. After graduating from
the Massachusetts Agricultural college in
1879, he took a special course in horticul
tural work. He has been foreman in two
nurseries; horticulturist for the Hough-
ton Farm Experiment Station; super
intendent of the horticultural department
of the Massachusetts Agricultural college;
and for ten years professor of horticulture
in the university of Minnesota. He is the
author of Amateur Fruit Growing; Vege
table Gardening; and other works.
GREEN, SAMUEL SWETT, librarian,
author, was born Feb. 20, 1837, in Wor
cester, Mass. In 1858 he graduated from
the HiirvaiTl college;
and from the divin-
i; ity school of Har
vard university in
1864. For several
years he was teller
of the Worcester
National bank: and
in 1871 was chosen
librarian of the free
public library of
Worcester, having
previously been a di
rector of the library.
He was one of the founders of the
American Library association, and its
president in 1891; and was the orig
inal member and first president of
the council of that association. He has
lectured at the school of literary econ
omy of Columbia college. He is a mem
ber of numerous historical societies, and
an officer in many institutions. He is the
author of two books, and has published
many articles in magazines and news
papers, and delivered a great number of
addresses.
420
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GREEN, SANFORD MOON, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born May 30, 1807, in
Rensselaer county, N. Y. He was elected
to the Michigan state senate for two
years, receiving the election in 1845. In
1848 he was appointed a judge of the
supreme court, and performed the duties
of circuit judge for ten years. He subse
quently served as circuit judge for nearly
twenty-five years. He is the author of
A Treatise on the Practice of the Circuit
Courts of Michigan; A Treatise on the
Practice of the Courts of Common Law
of Michigan, in two volumes; A Treatise
on Townships and the Power and Duties
of Township Officers; and A Treatise on
the Nature, Causes, Treatment and Pre
vention of Crime.
GREEN, SETH, pisciculturist, author,
was born March 19, 1817, in Rochester,
N. Y. He was a noted pisciculturist, and
from 1870 until his death the superintend
ent of the New York fish commission.
He is the author of Trout Culture; Home
Fishing and Home Waters; and Fish
Hatching and Fish Catching. He died
Aug. 20, 1888, in Rochester, N. Y.
GREEN, THOMAS, governor of Mary
land, was born in England. He was one
of the Roman catholic pilgrims that ac
companied Leonard Calvert to Maryland
in Ki:!4; was appointed privy councillor
in 1639, and governor in 1B37. He died in
Maryland.
GREEN, THOMAS, soldier, was born
in 1816, in Virginia. He joined the con
federate army and was appointed major-
general for distinguished services. He
died April 14, 1864, in Blairs Plantation,
La.
GREEN, THOMAS ANDRE, lawyer,
was born Oct. 21, 1840, in Blair county.
Pa., a son of Thomas and Martha Green.
He received the rud
iments of his educa
tion in the excellent
common schools of
Pennsylvania, at an
academy at Butler,
and graduated from
the Alleghany col
lege, Pa. In 1861 he
was admitted to the
bar of the supreme
court of Pennsyl
vania at Pittsburg.
During the civil war
he was captain of company F, ninety-
sixth Illinois volunteer infantry, and
served with distinction. He has given his
whole life to the study and practice of
law, and has also been a close and earnest
student of belles lettres. He is the au
thor of a standard work on Pleading and
Practice, which has received the highest
eulogiums from the most eminent lawyers
and jurists in America. He was attorney
for the people of Leadville in a suit in
volving the title to the entire townsite,
the legal questions involved of which
affected the titles to three hundred mill
ions worth of mining property. He was
the attorney in one mining suit In the
United States circuit court in Denver, in
volving an interest in the Emma mine,
valued at some ten millions, which suit
he successfully gained, and from this suit
he realized a fee of two million dollars,
the largest fee ever made by an at
torney in the ilnlted States. Dur
ing 1879-80 Mr. Green located and pat
ented over one thousand acres of min
eral claims in tho Leadville mining dis
trict, and is still heavily interested there
in. He is intolerant of wrong; and al
though possessed of a keen, subtle and
Incisive intellect, he always uses the ar
gument that Is right, just and equitable.
GREEN, THOMAS E., clergyman, bish
op, was born in 1857, in Pennsylvania.
He fills a pastorate in the Grace episcopal
church of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and has
built up the largest parish in the state.
He was elected bishop of Iowa in 1898.
GREEN, THOMAS JEFFERSON, sol
dier, was born in 1801, in Warren county,
N. C. He removed to Texas early in life,
and served as brigadier-general of volun
teers in the war of Texan independence.
He died Dec. 13, 1863, in Warren county,
N. C.
GREEN. THOMAS R.. soldier, journal
ist, was born May 6, 1845, in Ireland,
Ind. He served as a union soldier during
the civil war in company G, forty-second
regiment Indiana volunteer infantry. He
was with Sherman from Chattanooga to
Atlanta, and from Fayetteville to Wash
ington, D. C.; and thence to Louisville,
Ky. He also served two years in the In
diana state militia. He has served as
postmaster of Duff. Ind.; is a prominent
member of the Grand Army of the Repub
lic; and the editor and owner of the Ban
ner of Lutesville. Mo.
GREEN. TRAILL. physician, chemist,
educator, was born May 25, 1813, in Eas-
ton. Pa. He was for a year physician to
the Philadelphia dispensary, and then
settled in Easton, where he has since
practiced. In 1837 he was elected profes
sor of general and applied chemistry in
Lafayette.
GREEN, WHARTON JACKSON, sol
dier, agriculturist, congressman, was born
about 1840, in St. Marks, Fla. Upon the
breaking out of the civil war he enlisted
in the confederate army; and was pro
moted to lieutenant-colonel. He was a
delegate to the democratic national con
ventions of 1868 and 1876; and was a
presidential elector in 1868. He pur
chased the famous Tokay Vineyard, in
Cumberland county, N. C., and settled
there. He was elected a representative
from North Carolina to the forty-eighth
and forty-ninth congresses as a democrat.
GREEN, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, sol
dier, physician, author, was born Jan. 5.
1834, in Augusta, Ga. He was the in
ventor of a hypodermic syringe, the de
signer of a hypodermic syringe-needle,
and of Green's pocket cases. He is the
author of papers on the Small-Pox; Vac
cination and Its Results; and The Use of
the Hypodermic Syringe.
GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 27, 1825, in
Groveville, N. J. He is a presbyterian
clergyman, and professor of biblical liter
ature at Princeton college from 1851. He
is the author of The Pentateuch Vindi
cated: Grammar of the Hebrew Lan
guage: A Hebrew Chrestomathy; Argu
ment of Job Unfolded; Moses and the
Prophets: Newton Lectures for 1885: The
Hebrew Feasts: The Higher Criticism of
the Pentateuch: and The Unity of the
Book of Genesis.
GREEN, WILLIAM MERCER, bishop,
author, was born May 2, 1798, in Wilming
ton, Del. He was the first protestant
episcopal bishop of Mississippi, and the
author of Lives of Bishop Ravenscroft
;in(] Bishop Otey. He died Feb. 13. 1887,
in Sewanee, Tenn.
GREEN, WILLIAM WILKINSON, law
yer, author, was born Aug. 1, 1820, in
Hindostan. This successful lawyer has
i» >•!> editor and owner of the Daily Syra-
( use Democrat, and of the Weekly Onon-
daga Democrat, and other publications.
He is the author of a work on Morals;
a prize essay on The American Govern
ment: and a number of meritorious
poems.
GREEN, WILLIS, surveyor, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in the
Shenandoah valley, Va. He represented
Kentucky county in the legislature of
Virginia; and was a member of the Dan
ville convention in 1785, and of the first
state constitutional convention of 1792.
He was a surveyor for locating land war
rants; was a member of the Kentucky
legislature in 1836 and 1837; and was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1839 to 1845.
GREEN, WILLIS DUFF, physician,
was born Jan. 18, 1821, in Danville, Ky.
He attended the Center college of his na
tive city, and graduated in medicine from
the medical department of the Transyl
vania university of Lexington, Ky., and
the Medical college of Ohio. He is a suc
cessful physician of Mount Vernon, 111.;
grand master of the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows of Illinois, and a representa
tive to the grand lodge of the United
States.
GREENE, AELLA, journalist, author,
was born in 1838, in Massachusetts. He
is a journalist of Springfield, Mass., and
the author of Rhymes of Yankee Land;
Into the Sunshine, and Other Poems;
Stanza and Sequel, and Other Poems;
John Peters: and Gathered from Life.
GREENE. ALBERT COLLINS, soldier,
lawyer. United States senator, born April
15, 1791. in East Greenwich, R. I. In 1815
he was elected to the general assemoly
of the state; in 1816 was elected a briga
dier-general of militia, and subsequently
became a major-general. From 1822 to
1825 he served again in the legislature of
the state, and was chosen speaker. From
1825 to 1843 he was attorney-general of
the state; and from 1845 to 1851 was a
senator in congress from Rhode Island.
He died Jan. 8, 1863, in Providence, R. I.
GREENE, ALBERT GORTON, lawyer,
jurist, author, poet, was born Feb. 10,
1802, in Providence, R. I. He was for
many years president of the Rhode Island
Historical society. He will be long re
membered by his popular lyric, Old
Grimes is Dead. He published Canonchet.
He died Jan. 3, 1868, in Cleveland, Onio.
GREENE, ASA, humorist, author, was
born in 1788, in Ashburnham, Mass. He
was a bookseller of New York city of note
among his contemporaries as a humorist,
and the author of Life and Adventures of
Dr. Dodimus Duckworth; Perils of Pearl
Street; A Yankee Among the Nullifiers;
A Glance at New York; Debtor's Prison;
and Travels of Ex-Barber Fribbleton in
America. He died in 1837, in New York
city.
GREENE, CHARLES EZRA, educator,
author, was born Feb. 12, 1842, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He has been a professor of
civil engineering in the university of
Michigan from 1872, and is the author of
Graphical Method for Analysis of Bridge
Trusses; Trusses and Arches; and Notes
on Rankine's Civil Engineering.
GREENE, CHARLES GORDON, jour
nalist, state legislator, was born July 1,
1804, in Boscawen, N. H. He founded, in
1831, the Boston Morning Post, which he
conducted until he sold it in 1875. He
was at one time a member of the state
legislature; and naval officer of the port
of Boston for two terms. He died Sept.
27, 1886, in Boston, Mass.
GREENE, CHARLES WARREN, phy
sician, author, was born Aug. 17, 1840, in
Belchertown, Mass. He is a Massachu
setts physician, and the author of Ani
mals, their Homes and Habits; and Birds,
their Homes and Habits.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
421
GREENE, CHRISTOPHER, soldier,
state legislator, was born May 12, 1737,
in Warwick, R. I. He served in the Rhode
Island legislature in 1772-74, and was
chosen a lieutenant in the Kentish Guards
in 1774. In 1775 he was appointed by the
legislature a major in the army of ob
servation. He died May 13, 1781, in West-
chester county, N. Y.
GREENE, CLARA M., artist, poet, was
born in Buckfield, Maine. She has at
tained success as a portrait painter. In
1889 she published a volume of poems
entitled Magdalen and Other Poems.
GREENE. UAVID MAXSON, educator,
consulting engineer, was born July 8,
1832, in Brunswick, N. Y. He attended
the common schools, Adams seminary,
and Rensselaer Polytechnic institute,
from which latter institution he grad
uated in 1851; and subsequently received
private instruction at West Point. He
has been instructor, professor and direct
or of the Rensselaer Polytechnic insti
tute; chairman, assistant leveler, divi
sion engineer, and deputy state engineer
on public works in the state of New York.
He has been third assistant, second as
sistant and first assistant engineer in the
United States navy; and colonel of en
gineers, N. G. S. N. Y. He has also served
as school commissioner of Troy, N. \.;
and is a director in the Troy City Nation
al bank, and in the Citizens' Steamboat
company.
GREENE. DASCOM. educator, was
born June 15, 1825, in Richmond, N. Y.
In 1855 he was professor of mathematics
and astronomy in the Rensselaer Poly
technic institute; and since 1864 has been
its librarian. He is the author of a work
entitled Spherical Practical Astronomy.
GREENE, EDWARD LEE, educator,
author, was born in 1843, in Rhode Is
land. He is a professor of botany in the
university of California, and the author of
Illustrations of West American Oaks; and
Flora Franciscanse.
GREENE, FRANCIS VINTON, soldier,
author, was born June 27, 1850, in Provi
dence, R. I. He was a captain in the
United States army who resigned in 1886.
He is the author of The Russian Army
and Its Campaigns in Turkey in 1877-78;
Sketches of Army Life in Texas; The Mis
sissippi, a military work; and Life of
General Greene.
GREENE, GEORGE SEARS, soldier,
civil engineer, was born May 6, 1801, in
Warwick, R. I. In 1836 he became a civil
engineer, building many railroads in the
states of Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Is
land, New York, Maryland, and Virginia.
He designed and built the reservoir in
Central Park, of New York city. He
served with distinction through the civil
war, and in 1865 was brevetted major-
general of volunteers.
GREENE, GEORGE SEARS, civil engi
neer, surveyor, was born Nov. 26, 1837, in
Lexington. Ky. In 1875 he was appointed
engineer in chief of the department of
docks. New \ork city, in which capacity
he designed and executed river walls,
wharves and piers in difficult situations.
GREENE, GEORGE W., educator, law
yer, jurist, congressman, author, born July
4, 1831, in Orange county, N. Y. He came
to the bar in 1860; and in 1861 was elect
ed judge of Orange county for three years.
He was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-first congress.
GREENE. GEORGE WASHINGTON,
educator, author, was born April 8, 1811,
in East Greenwich, R. I. He was an his
torian who was professor of American
history at Cornell university from 1872.
He was the author of Historical Studies;
The German Element in the American
War of Independence; Short History of
Rhode Island; Historical View of the
American Revolution; Life of General
Nathaniel Greene; Biographical Studies;
and History and Geography of the Middle
Ages. He died Feb. 2, 1883, in East
Greenwich, R. I.
GREENE, HOMER, lawyer, author,
poet, was born in 1853, in Pennsylvania.
He is a story writer of Honesdale, Pa.,
and the author of The Blind Brother;
Burnham Breaker; Coal and the Coal
Mines; and The Riverpark Rebellion.
GREENE, HUGH WENTWORTH,
journalist, state senator, was born July 5,
1811, in Concord, N. H. During 1857-58 he
served in the New Hampshire senate. In
1869 he moved to Minneapolis, Minn.,
where he became part owner and editorial
manager of a daily paper. He died Feb.
1, 1888, in Portsmouth, N. H.
GREENE, MRS. ISABELLA CATHER
INE (COLTON), author, was born in 1844
in Vermont. She is a novelist and wri
ter for young people, long a resident of
Nashua, N. H., and the author of A New
England Conscience; Adventures of an
Old Maid; A New England Idyl; and The
Hobbledehoy.
GREENE, JACOB W., surgeon, poet,
was born Jan. 18, 1839, in Harrison coun
ty, Ind. Since 1861 he has followed the
profession of a dental surgeon, and is now
located in Chillicothe, Mo. He has writ
ten quite extensively for the periodical
press; and is the author of a work enti
tled Philosophies of Betsy Spoon.
GREENE, JAMES L., educator, was
born May 18, 1869, in Duquoin, 111. He is
a descendant of General Nathaniel
Greene. After graduating from the Kan
sas normal college of Fort Scott he en
tered educational work. He was also en
gaged in mercantile work, and the real es
tate business at Danville, 111.; and for
the past three years has been in the medi
cal department of the United States army.
GREENE, JOSEPH CHASE, physician,
was born July 31, 1829, in Lincoln, Vt. In
1888 he left Buffalo for a tour of the
world, and during his travels he collected
a museum of more than three hundred
originals and copies, illustrating the po
litical, religious and social history of an
cient Egypt, Syria and other oriental
countries.
GREENE, MILLEN SANFORD, educa
tor, business man, poet, was born Dec. 23,
1825, in North Stonington, Conn. He re
ceived his education
in the common
schools of his native
county; engaged in
agricultural pur
suits; and for six
years went to sea' as
a sailor. He attained
success in educa
tional work, which
he followed for
twelve years. He
then entered a
counting room; and
since 1869 has been engaged in the insur
ance and real estate business in Westerly,
R. I. Early in life he developed a taste
for poetry and music; and is the author of
a series of Fireside Stories in verse, with
sketches of social chat.
GREENE, MOSEb H., poet, was born
March 10, 1843, in Chester, N. H. He has
been principally engaged in mercantile
pursuits. He has contributed both prose
and verse to the periodical press, and
some of his poems have been given a
place in standard works.
GREENE, NATHANIEL, soldier, was
born May 27, 1742, in Warwick, R. I. He
never gained a decided victory, yet his re
treats, for which he
is noted, had the ef
fect of successes.
Congress voted him
the highest honors,
and he was consider
ed, next to Washing
ton, the greatest
general of the revo
lution. He died
June 19, 1786, near
Savannah, Ga. Con
gress voted that a
monument be erect
ed to his memory in Washington, D. C.,
which has not yet been done.
GREENE, NATHANIEL, journalist,
author, was born May 20, 1797, in Boscaw-
en, N. H. He was a Boston journalist,
postmaster of Boston in 1829-40 and 1845-
49. He published a translation of Sforzo-
si's History of Italy; Tales from the Ger
man; and Tales and Sketches from the
German, Italian and French. He died Nov.
29. 1877, in Boston, Mass.
GREENE, RAY, United States senator,
was born Feb. 2, 1765, in \Varwick, R. I.
He was a senator in congress from Rhode
Island from 1797 to 1801, when he re
signed. He died Jan. 11, 1849, in War
wick, R. I.
GREENE, ROGER SHERMAN, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Dec. 14, 1840, in
Boston, Mass. He entered the union army
for the war of the rebellion, and was pro
moted to first lieutenant. He was judge
advocate of the district of Vicksburg at
the close of 1864 and beginning of 1865,
and judge advocate of the western divis
ion of Louisiana from 1865 until retire
ment from service. While residing in Ke-
nosha, Wis., he was appointed associate
justice of the supreme court of Washing
ton territory, residing at Olympia; and
was twice reappointed, holding the office
until 1879, when he was appointed chief
justice of the same court, residing at Se
attle, Washington territory. In 1883 he
was reappointed chief justice.
GREENE, SAMUEL DANA, naval offi
cer, was born Feb. 11, 1839, in Cumber
land, Md. He received a vote of thanks
from the legislature of Rhode Island for
his gallant services in the action between
the Monitor ana Merrimac. He died Dec.
11, 1884, in Portsmouth, N. H.
GREENE, SAMUEL HARRISON, edu
cator, clergyman, college president, was
born Dec. 25, 1845, in Enosburgh, Vt. Dur
ing 1894-95 he was president of the Co
lumbian university.
GREENE, SAMUEL STILLMAN, edu
cator, author, was born May 3, 1810, in
Belchertown, Mass. He was an educator
of Providence, professor at Brown univer
sity in 1851-83, and published Analysis
of the English Language; and several
text-booKs on English Grammar. He died
Jan. 24, 1883, in Providence, R. I.
GREENE, MRS. SARAH PRATT, au
thor, was born in 1858, in Connecticut.
She is a writer whose first novel, Cape
Cod Folks, was widely popular, while the
fact that certain of the dramatis personae
were portraits of living people gave rise
to much litigation. Her other works in
clude Towhead and Some Other Folks;
Peter Patrick; and Vesty of the Basins.
GREENE, THEODORE PHINNEY,
naval officer, was born Nov. 1, 1809, in
Canada. He was appointed midshipman
from Vermont in 1826; and in 1837 be
came lieutenant. He served with distinc
tion through the Mexican and civil wars.
He died Aug. 30, 1887, in Jaffrey, N. H.
422
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GREENE, THOMAS M., congressman.
He was a delegate to congress from the
territory of Mississippi from 1802 to
1803.
GREENE. WILLIAM, governor, was
born March 16, 1695, in Warwick, R. I.
He became deputy governor of Rhode Isl
and in 1740, and became governor in 1743.
He died Feb. 22, 1758, in Providence, R. I.
GREENE. WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, governor, was born Aug.
16, 1731, in Warwick, R. I. He was chier
justice of the colony, and was governor
of the state from 1778 to 1786; also for
many years speaker of the house; and be
came governor of Rhode Island. He died
Nov. 29, 1809, in Warwick, R. I.
GREENE, WILLIAM BATCHELDER,
soldier, clergyman, author, was born
April 4. 1819, in Haverhill, Mass. In
early life he was a member of the noted
Brook Farm community. He was subse
quently a Unitarian minister, and during
the civil war served as colonel of a Mas
sachusetts regiment. He was the author
of Remarks on the Science of History;
Theory of the Calculus; Socialistic, etc.,
Fragments; and Reflections and Modern
Maxims. He died May 30, 1878, in Eng
land.
GREENE, WILLIAM ELLSWORTH,
legislator, jurist, was born Nov. 14, 1836,
in Farmington, Maine. He received his
education in the Farmington academy;
and in 1863 graduated from the Bowdoin
college in a classical course. During 1865-
67 he was a member of the California
state legislature; and during 1867-74 was
county judge and ex-offlcio probate judge
of San Joaquin county, Cal., when he re
signed. Since 1880 he has been judge of
the superior court in and for Alameda
county, having been four times succes
sively elected. His present term of of
fice does not expire until January, 1903.
He has been largely interested at times
in mining, lumbering and irrigation, and
in the breeding of fine stock.
GREENE, WILLIAM HOUSTON, edu
cator, chemist, author, was born Dec. 30,
1854. in Columbia, Pa. He is a Philadel
phia chemist, professor in the Central
high school from 1880, and the author of
Medical Chemistry; and Lessons In
Chemistry.
GREENE. WILLIAM L., lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born Oct. 3, 1849,
in Pike county, Ind. In 1892, without so
licitation on his part, he was brought out
before the legislature of the state as a
candidate for United States senator. In
1895 he was elected judge of the twelfth
judicial district of Nebraska; and was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a pop
ulist, of which party he was one of the
founders.
GREENER, RICHARD THEODORE,
lawyer, educator, author, was born Jan.
30, 1844, in Philadelphia, Pa. He is the
iiuthor of Scholar (June, 1874); Eulogy
on the Life and Services of William Lloyd
Garrison; Socrates as a Teacher; The In
tellectual Position of the Negro; Free
Speech in Ireland (October, 1882); Ben
jamin Hanneker, the Negro Astronomer;
Henry Highland Garnet; and An African
RofiCius.
GREENHALGE. FREDERICK THOM
AS, lawyer, legislator, congressman, gov
ernor, was born July 19, 1842, in Eng
land. He attended the public schools of
Ixwell, Mass., and Harvard college. In
1868-69 he was a member of the com
mon council of Lowell; in 1871-73 on the
school committee; in 1874-84 was special
justice of the police court; and in 1880-81
he served with distinction as mayor of
Lowell. In 1884 he was a delegate to the
national republican convention; in 1885
was a member of the Massachusetts house
of representatives; and in 1888 was a
member of congress. He has been city
solicitor of Lowell; was commissioner of
insolvency of Middlesex county in 1892;
and was elected governor of Massachu
setts in 1895. He served in the union
army during 1863-64 in the commissary
department. He died in 1896.
GREENHOW. ROBERT, physician,
surgeon, author, was born in 1800 in Rich
mond, Va. He was a surgeon and scholar
whose latest years were spent in Califor
nia. He was the author of History of
Tripoli; and History of Oregon and Cali
fornia. He died in 1854 in San Francisco,
Cal.
GREENLEAF, BENJAMIN, educator,
author, was born Sept. 25, 1786, in Haver-
hill, Mass. He was an educator of Brad
ford, Mass.. who published a popular se
ries of text-books on arithmetic and the
higher mathematics. He died Oct. 29,
1864, in Bradford, Mass.
GREENLEAF, CHARLES RAVENS-
CROFT, physician, surgeon, author, was
born Jan. 1, 1838, in Carlisle, Pa. Dur
ing the civil war he was deputy surgeon-
general in the United States army. He is
a successful physician and surgeon of
San Francisco, Cal.; and the author of
several technical medico-military works.
GREENLEAF. EZEKIEL PRICE, phil
anthropist, was born May 22, 1790. in
Quincy, Mass. He bequeathed nearly all
his estate, amounting to $500,000, to Har
vard, with directions to keep it apart
from other bequests, as the Greenleaf
fund. He died Dec. 3, 1886, in Boston,
Mass.
GREENLEAF, FRANKLIN LEWIS,
manufacturer, was born Oct. 7, 1847, in
Boston. Mass. He has been a prominent
factor in developing the wheat industry
of the northwest; and was for several
years president of the Red River Valley
Elevator company. In 1889 he was elect
ed president of the Minneapolis chamber
of commerce.
GREENLEAF, HALBERT STEVENS,
soldier, manufacturer, lawyer, congress
man, was born April 12. 1827, in Guilford,
Vt. He was elected justice of the peace
in 1856; and served two years as a captain
of state militia. In 1861 he organized the
Yale and Greenleaf Lock company, of
which he became business manager, in
1862 he enlisted in the union army, and
rose to the rank of colonel. He was elect
ed a representative from New York to
the forty-eighth and fifty-second congress
es as a democrat.
GREENLEAF, JAMES EDWARD, sol
dier, merchant, author, was born Aug. 2,
1832, in Portland, Maine. He was an or
ganist for twenty-seven years, and a cap
tain in the militia. He is the author of A
Genealogy of the Greenleaf Family, with
Historical Notes, of Newbury, Mass.
GREENLEAF, JEREMIAH, author,
was born Dec. 7, 1791. He was the author
of Greenleaf's Grammar, and devoted a
large part of his life to study, author
ship and Instruction in this special
branch of education. He was also the au
thor of Greenleaf's Gazetteer and Green-
leaf's Atlas.
GREENLEAF, JONATHAN, ship build
er, legislator, congressman, was born in
July, 1723. In 1774 he was unanimously
chosen to represent the town of Newbury-
port in the general court. He was a mem
ber of the continental congress at the
commencement of the war. He died May
24, 1807.
GREENLEAF, JONATHAN, clergy
man, author, was born Sept. 4, 1785, in
Newburyport, Mass. He was a presbyte-
rian clergyman of Brooklyn; and the au
thor of Sketches and Ecclesiastical History
of Maine; History of New York Church
es; and Genealogy of the Greenleaf Fam
ily. He died April 24, 1865, in Brooklyn,
N. Y.
GREENLEAF, MOSES, author, was
born in 1778, in Newburyport, Mass. He
was the author of Statistical View of
Maine; and Survey of Maine. He died
March 20, 1834, in Williamsburg, Maine.
GREENLEAF, SIMON, educator, law
yer, jurist, author, was born Dec. 5, 1783,
in Newburyport, Mass. He was a dis
tinguished jurist of Massachusetts, and
professor of law at Harvard university
from 1835 till his death. His greatest
work, A Treatise on the Laws of Evi
dence, has passed into fifteen editions.
His other writings include Origin and
Principles of Freemasonry; Full Collec
tion of Cases Overruled, etc.; Reports of
Cases in the Supreme Court of Maine,
1820-31; and Examination of the Testi
mony of the Four Evangelists by the
Rules of Evidence. He died Oct. 6, 1853,
in Cambridge, Mass.
GREENLY, WILLIAM L., governor,
was born Sept. 18, 1813, in Hamilton, N.
Y. In 1845 he was elected lieutenant-
governor of Michigan, and became acting
governor in 1847.
GREENMAN, EDWARD W., merchant,
manufacturer, congressman, was born
Jan. 26, 1840, in Berlin, N. Y. He was su
pervisor of Berlin in 1866-6o; was elected
clerk of Rensselaer county in 1868, serv
ing a full term of three years; and was
deputy county clerk for ten years. He
was elected to the fiftieth congress as a
democrat.
GREENOUGH, HENRY, artist, ar
chitect, author, was born Oct. 5, 1807, in
Boston, Mass. He was an architect of
Cambridge whose writings include the
novels Ernest Carroll; Apelles and his
Contemporaries; and various essays on
art. He died Dec. 18, 1852, in Somerville,
Mass.
GREENOUGH, HORATIO, sculptor, was
born Sept. 6, 1805, in Boston, Mass. His
Chanting Cherubs was the first group in
marble executed by an American sculptor.
He executed the colossal statue of Wash
ington in front of the national capitol, for
which congress paid twenty thousand dol
lars, and a group entitled The Rescue, on
the steps leading to the rotunda of the
same building. He died Dec. 18, 1852, in
Boston, Mass.
GREENOUGH, JAMES BRADSTREET,
educator, author, was born in 1833, In
Maine. He was a professor of Latin at
Harvard university from 1873, who has
published with J. H. Allen a series
of classical text-books. Other works
of his are. Special Vocabulary to Virgil:
and The Queen of Hearts, a Dramatic
Fantasia.
GREENOUGH, RICHARD SALTON-
STALL, sculptor, was born April 27, 1819,
in Jamaica Plains, Mass. Among his
works are a statue of Franklin, placed in
the city hall square of Boston; the Boy
and Eagle, owned by the Boston ath-
enseum; a Carthagenian Woman: Cupid
on a Tortoise; Elaine; Circe; and a
Psyche.
GREENOUGH, MRS. SARAH DANA
(LORING), sculptor, author, poet, was
born Feb. 19, 1827, in Boston, Mass. She
was the author of In Extremis, a Story
of a Broken I^aw; Arabesques, four sto
ries of the supernatural; and Mary Mag
dalene, and Other Poems. She died Aug.
9. 1885, in Austria.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
423
GREENUP, CHRISTOPHER, state leg
islator, congressman, governor, was born
in 1750, in Virginia. He was governor of
Kentucky from 1804 to 1808. He was a
patriot of the American revolution, and
participated in the perils of the war. He
was at various times a member of the leg
islature of Kentucky; was a representa
tive of that state in congress from 1792
to 1797; and was a presidential elector in
1809. He died April 24, 1818, in Frankfort,
Ky.
GREENWALD, EMANUEL, clergyman,,
theologian, author, was born Jan. 13, 1811,
near Frederick, Md. He was a lutheran
clergyman of Lancaster, Pa., and the au
thor of Order of Family Prayer; The
Lutheran Reformation; The Baptism of
Children; Meditations for Passion Week;
Romanism and the Reformation; The
True Church; and Meditations for the
Closet, include the most of his controver
sial and other writings. He died Dec. 21,
1885, in Lancaster, r"a.
GREENWOOD, A. B., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born July 11, 1811, in
Franklin county, Ga. He was a member
of the legislature of the state of Arkansas
from 1842 to 1845; was prosecuting attor
ney for said state from 1845 to 1851; and
circuit judge from 1851 to 1853. He was
elected a representative in congress from
Arkansas from 1853 to 1858, and in 1859
was appointed commissioner of Indian af
fairs.
GREENWOOD, FRANCIS WILLIAM
PITT, clergyman, author, was born Feb. 5,
1797, in Boston, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Boston, pastor of King's
chapel, in 1824-43, and the author of His
tory of King's Chapel; Sermons to Chil
dren; Sermons of Consolation; Sermons
on Various Subjects; Essays; Lives of the
Apostles; and Miscellaneous Writings. He
died Aug. 2, 1843, in Dorchester, Mass.
GREENWOOD, JAMES M., educator,
author, was born Nov. 15, 1836, near
Springfield, 111. He is an educator and
school superintendent of Kansas City
who has published Principles of Educa
tion Practically Applied.
GREENWOOD, JOHN, lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 6, 1198, in Providence, R. I.
On the formation of the government of
New "iork city he was elected city judge;
and in 1842 was appointed first judge of
Kings county court, New York.
GREENWOOD, MILES, manufacturer,
was born March 19, 1807, in Jersey City,
N. J. He organized the first paid fire de
partment in Cincinnati in 1852, and in the
same year aided in introducing into that
. city the first steam fire engine in the
United States. He t-ied Nov. 6, 1885, in
Cincinnati, Ohio.
GREER, ALLEN J., lawyer, state sena
tor, was born June 14. 1854, in Mifflin
county, Pa. In 1891-93 he was a member
of the Minnesota state legislature; and
in 1895 was elected a member of the state
senate.
GREER, DAVID HUMMELL, clergy
man, author, was born March 20, 1844, in
Wheeling, W. Va. He is a prominent
episcopal clergyman of New York city of
broad church views, and the author of
The Preacher and his Place; and From
Things to God.
GREER, JAMES AUGUSTIN, naval offi
cer, was born Feb. 28, 1833, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. He entered the navy as midship
man in 1848, became lieutenant in 1855,
and lieutenant-commander in 18G2. He
was promoted to the grade of captain in
1876; and in 1886 served as president of
the examining board; and in the same
year was made commodore.
GREER, LEON C., lawyer, journalist,
was born June 11, 1874, in Eufaula, Ala.
He received his education in the public
schools of Georgia and graduated from
the Gordon institute of Barnesville, Ga.;
and from the university of Georgia. He
has served as solicitor of Macon county
court; has been a member 'of the con
gressional executive committee of the
third congressional district of Georgia;
and in 1897 became the editor and owner
of The Macon County Citizen of Ogle-
thorpe, Ga.
GREEY, EDWARD, author, was born
Dec. 1, 1835, in England. He was an Eng
lish writer of French descent who came to
America in 1868, and was for many years
a dealer in Japanese curios in New York
city. His writings include the dramas,
Vendome; and Mirah; Blue Jackets, a nov
el; The Golden Lotus; the juvenile tales
Young Americans in Japan; The Wonder
ful City of Tokio; The Bear Worship
pers of Yezo; and translations from
the Japanese of the novels, The Loyal
Ronins; and The Captive of Love. He
died Oct. 1, 1888, in England.
GREGG, ALEXANDER, bishop, author,
was born Oct. 8, 1819, in Society Hill, S. C.
He was the first protestant episcopal
bishop of Texas, and the author of His
tory of the Old Cheraws, an Account of
the Indian Tribes in the Valley of the
Pedee. He died in 1893.
GREGG, ANDREW, educator, congress
man, United States senator, was born
June 10, 1755, in Carlisle, Pa. In 1790 he
was elected a representative in congress
from Pennsylvania, serving from 1791 to
1807; and was a senator of the United
States from 1807 to 1813. In 1814 he moved
to Bellefonte; and in 1816 was appointed
secretary of state of Pennsylvania. He
died May 20, 1835, at Bellefonte, Pa.
GREGG, DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born March 25, 1846, in Pittsburg, Pa.
He has filled pastorates in the presbyte-
rian churches in Iowa, Massachusetts and
New York. He is the author of From Sol
omon to the Captivity; Studies in John;
Facts that Call for Faith; and The Hol
lander and Makers of America.
GREGG, DAVID L., diplomat. He was
a citizen of Illinois; and in 1853 was ap
pointed a commissioner with diplomatic
powers to the Sandwich islands, where
he remained until 1858.
GREGG, DAVID McMURTRIE, soldier,
was born April 10, 1833, in Huntingdon.
Pa. He served in the campaign of 1858-
60 against the Indians; and served with
distinction through the civil war, attain-,
ing the rank of brigadier-general. He
subsequently was made adjutant-general
of Pennsylvania at Reading.
GREGG, JAMES, soldier, educator, law
yer, state senator, was born July 4, 1787,
in Marion district, S. C. He was elected
to the general assembly of the state in
1822, and served till 1830, when he was
elected to the senate, of which he con
tinued a member until 1847. He died Oct.
24, 1852.
GREGG, JAMES M., farmer, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 26, 1806, m
Patrick county, Va. In 1830 he settled in
Hendricks county, Ind. From 1834 to 1837
he was county surveyor. He was then
chosen clerk of the circuit court, serving
until 1845. He was elected a representa
tive to the thirty-fifth congress.
GREGG, JOHN IRVIN, soldier, was
born July 19, 1826, in Bellefont, Pa. For
gallant and meritorious services during
the war he was brevetted major-general
of volunteers, and brigadier-general Unit
ed States army at its close.
GREGG, WILLIAM HENRY, manufac
turer, was born March 24, 1841, in Pal
myra, N. Y. In 1869 he was one of the or
ganizers of the Southern White Lead com
pany of Chicago, of which he was elected
president, holding that office for twenty
years.
GREGORY, CHARLES NOBLE, lawyer,
educator, author, was born Aug. 27, 1851,
in Unadilla, N. Y. Since 1894 he has been
professor of law and associate dean of
the law university of Wisconsin. His
writings have appeared in Harper's
Weekly, The Youth's Companion, New
York Evening Post, and Scribner's.
GREGORY, DANIEL SEELEY, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Aug. 21, 1832, in Carmel, N. Y. He is a
Presbyterian clergyman, and was presi
dent of Lake Forest university, Illinois,
in 1878-86. He is the author of Christian
Ethics; Why Four Gospels; Practical
Logic; The Tests of Philosophic Systems;
and Christ's Trumpet Call to the Ministry.
GREGORY, DUDLEY S., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Feb. 5, 1800, in
Reading, Conn. He settled in New Jer
sey; and was elected a representative in
congress from that state from 1847 to
1849. He died Dec. 8, 1870, in Jersey City,
N. J.
GREGORY, ELIOT, artist, was born Oct.
13, 1854, in New York city. His pictures
include Soubrette; Coquetterie; Children,
for which he received honorable mention
in Paris; and portraits of General George
W. Cullum; his uncle, Admiral Baldwin;
Mrs. John Sherwood; and Ada Renan, are
well known.
GREGORY, FRANK M., artist, was
born Oct. 21, 1848. in Mansfield, Ohio. He
also followed water-color painting, and
acquired some note in etching and de
signing. Among his paintings are: The
Truant; Waiting for Repairs; and First
Snow of the Season.
GREGORY. JOHN M., governor, was
born in Virginia. He was governor of
Virginia in 1842 and 1843.
GREGORY, JOHN MILTON, educator,
clergyman, author, was born July 6, 1822,
in Sandlake, N. Y. He is a baptist clergy
man and educator of Michigan and Illi
nois; and the author of Handbook of His
tory; New Political Economy; and The
Seven Laws of Teaching.
GREGORY, SAMUEL, educator, philan
thropist, lecturer, author, was born April
19, 1813, in Guilford, Vt. In 1848 he found
ed in Boston the New England Female
Medical college, said to have been the first
institution in the world for the exclusive
medical education of women. He died
March 23, 1872, in Boston, Mass.
GREIG, JOHN, lawyer, banker, con
gressman, was born Aug. 6. 1779, in Scot
land. He became president of the Onta
rio bank, which position he held until
1856. He was one of the founders and
corporators of the Ontario Female semi
nary. He was elected a representative in
congress for the term commencing in
1841; and resigned at the close of the first
session. He died April 9, 1858, in Cauan-
daigua.
GREINER. JOHN, journalist, governor,
was born Sept. 14, 1810, in Philadelphia.
Pa. He was for eight years librarian of
the state library, and was a writer of
popular political songs, among the most
noted of which were those entitled Old
Zip Coon; Tippecanoe and Tyler Too; and
The Wagoner Boy. In 1849 he was ap
pointed an Indian agent in New Mexico;
and afterward became governor of the
territory. In 1865 he settled in Zanesville,
Ohio, ana edited the Times of that city.
He died May 13, 1871, in Toledo, Ohio.
424
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GRENNELL, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born Dec.
25, 1786, in Greenfield, Mass. He was pros
ecuting attorney for Franklin county from
1820 to 1828. He was a member of the
state senate from 1824 to 1827; and was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1829 to 1839. He was, from
1838 to 1859, a member of the board of
trustees of Amherst college; and from
1849 to i853 was probate judge for his
county. He died Nov. 20, 1877, hi Green
field, Mass.
GRESHAM, WALTER QUINTON, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was born March 17.
1832, near Lanesville, Ind. He entered
the union army in 1861 as lieutenant-
colonel; and was brevetted a major-gen
eral. He was financial agent of Indiana
at New York city from 18ti7 to 1869, when
he was appointed United States district
judge for the district of Indiana, in which
capacity he served until 1883, when he
was appointed postmaster-general in the
cabinet of President Arthur. In 1884 he
was appointed United States circuit judge
for the seventh judicial circuit.
GRESS, GEORGE VALENTINE, manu
facturer, was born April li;>, 1847, in Sul
livan county, N. 1. He established the
Gress Lumber company, one of the larg
est concerns in the south. He is presi
dent of the Hart Lumber company, and
of the United States Bond and Mortgage
company, at Finn, Ga.
GREY, BENJAMIN E., state legislator,
state senator, congressman, was born in
Kentucky. He was a member of the leg
islature of that state from Logan county
in 1838 and 1839; was state senator from
1847 to 1851; and was speaker of the sen
ate and acting lieutenant-governor in
1850. He was a representative in con
gress from Kentucky from 1851 to 1855.
GREY. SAMUEL H., lawyer, was born
April 6, 1836, in Camden, N. J. The West
Jersey Title and Guaranty company was
organized by him in 1888, and he has
since been its president. He also organ
ized in 1873 the Camden Safe Deposit and
Trust company.
GRIDER. HENRY, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 16, 1796, in Gar-
rard county, Kentucky. In 1827 and 1831
he was elected to the legislature of Ken
tucky; and in 1833 to the state senate,
where he served four years. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Kentucky
from 1843 to 1847; and was also elected
to the thirty-seventh and thirty-ninth
congresses. He died Sept. 14, 1866, in
\Varren county, Ky.
GRIDLEY, ALBERT LEVERETT, sol
dier, clergyman, cosmologist, was born
Oct. 17, 1839, in Caton, N. Y. He received
his education at the
academy of Oxford,
New York; Oberlin
college, and the
Oberlin Theological
seminary. He served
I for four years as a
I union soldier during
"] the civil war. He
' has attained success
as an educator and
clergyman; and is
now pastor of
the congregational
church of Kidder, Mo. In 1871 he discover
ed a law in cosmology, which is fully set
forth In The American Mathematical
Monthly of July, 1879. The contention is
that if the solar system has grown from
nebula1, according to the nebular hypo
thesis, then the velocities of the interior
planets in their orbits Is the result of the
velocity of the one nearest outside of It,
with the velocity of contraction.
GRIDLEY, CHARLES V., naval officer,
was born in Indiana. He was commander
of Admiral Dewey's flagship, Olympia, in
the great battle of Manila bay. He died
in July, 1898.
GRIDLEY, JOHN THOMAS, lawyer, ju
rist, was born Dec. 2, 1868, in West Can
dor, N. Y. He received his education at
the Cornell university, and in 1892 grad
uated from the Columbia college law
school. He has attained success as an able
lawyer and jurist of Candor, N. Y., where
he has filled many positions of honor in
his county and state.
GRIDLEY, RICHARD, soldier, was born
Jan. 3, 1711, in Boston, Mass. He entered
the patriot army in 1775 and was made
a major-general in command of the con
tinental artillery. He died June 20, 1796,
in Stoughton, Mass.
GRIER, JAMES ALEXANDER, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born in 1846
in Pennsylvania. He is a united presby-
terian clergyman of Pennsylvania, pro
fessor in Alleghany Theological semina
ry, and the author of Secret Societies; and
Biography of Jeremiah Raiikine Johnston.
GRIER, ROBERT COOPER, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 5, 1794, in Cum
berland county. Pa. In 1846 he was ap
pointed an associate justice of the su
preme court of the United States. He
moved to Philadelphia in 1848. He died
Sept. 25, 1870, in Philadelphia, Pa. .
GRIERSON. BENJAMIN HENRY, sol
dier, merchant, was born July 8, 1826, in
Pittsburg, Pa. In 1863 he made the cele
brated raid through Tennessee, Mississip
pi, and Louisiana; and attained the brev
et of major-general in the United States
army.
GRIFFIN. CHARLES P., legislator, was
born Sept. 3, 1842, in Henrietta, Ohio. In
1868 he moved to Toledo, Ohio, and was
elected to the legislature in 1887, re-elect
ed in 1889, and again in 1891.
GRIFFIN, CYRUS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1749, in Virginia.
He was a member of the legislature; was
a delegate to the continental congress
from 1778 to 1781, and in 1787 and 1788.
and was its president in 1788. He was
president of the supreme court of admir
alty; a commissioner in 1789 to the Creek
nation; and judge of the United States
district court for Virginia from 1789. He
died Dec. 14, 1810, in Yorktown, Va.
GRIFFIN, FRANK, journalist, lawyer,
was born March 8, 1848, in Wisconsin. He
is the editor and owner of The Daily Re
view and Weekly Advocate of Maryville,
Mo. He has waged an incessant warfare
upon the saloons through his publications.
For his persistence in fighting for prohi
bition his presses have been broken, dyn
amite thrown into his office, and himself
and family have been shot at a number
of times. But through it all he has waged
continual warfare, and is now one of the
most prominent prohibitionists of Mis
souri.
GRIFFIN, FRANK M.. journalist, was
born Aug. 17, 1859, in Greenup Union, Ky.
He is the editor and owner of the East
ern Kentucky Democrat of Greenup, Ky.
For three years he was postmaster at
Enterprise, Ky., and is very prominent in
fraternal orders.
GRIFFIN, GEORGE, lawyer, author,
was born Jan. 14, 1778. in East Haddam,
C'onn. He was a lawyer of New York
city, and the author of Sufferings of Our
Saviour; Evidences of Christianity; and
The Gospel its Own Evidence. He died
May 6, 1860, in New York city.
GRIFFIN. GILDEROY WELLS, jour
nalist, author, was born March 6, 1840,
iu Louisville, Ky. He is a journalist who
has been consul in Australia and else
where. He is the author of Studies in
Literature; Danish Days; Visit to Strat
ford; New Zealand, her Commerce and
Resources; and Life of George Prentice.
GRIFFIN, ISAAC, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
]813 to 1817.
GRIFFIN. JOHN, lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to Indiana; and in
1800 was appointed a judge of the United
States court for that territory. In 1806
he was appointed to the same position for
the territory of Michigan, where he re
mained for many years.
GRIFFIN, JOHN K., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 18;U to 1841. He died
Aug. 1, 1841, at Milton, S. C.
GRIFFIN, LEVI T., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 23, 1837, in
Clinton, N. Y. He served in the United
States army, and attained the rank of
major. He was elected from the state of
Michigan to the fifty-third congress to
fill a vacancy.
GRIFFIN, MICHAEL, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, state senator, was oorn
Sept. 9, 1842, in Ireland. He enlisted as
a private in 1861, in company E, twelfth
regiment Wisconsin volunteer infantry,
and served until the close of the war, ue-
ing promoted to the grade of second and
first lieutenant. He was state senator in
1880 and 1881; and was elected in 1894 to
the fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a republican.
GRIFFIN, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia, from 1789 to 1795.
GRIFFIN, SAMUEL P., naval officer,
navigator, was born in 1826, in Savannah,
Ga. He entered the service of the Pacific
Mail Steamship company, commanding,
as their commodore, successive steamers
of their fleet till 1882. He was an author
ity on ship-building, and the author of
the code of international fog signals and
of essays on ship-building. He died July
4, 1887, in Panama.
GRIFFIN, SIMON GOODELL, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, historian, was born
Aug. 9, 1824, in Nelson, N. H. For many
years he was en
gaged in education
al work; and for two
terms represented
his town in the New-
Hampshire state leg
islature. In 1860 he
practiced law in
Concord ; and at
President Lincoln's
first call for troops
he volunteered as a
private and was
chosen captain of
company B, second regiment New Hamp
shire volunteer infantry. He commanded
his company at the first battle of Bull
Run; was promoted to lieutenant-colonel
of the sixth regiment New Hampshire
volunteer infantry, and joined Burnside's
expedition to North Carolina. He was
rapidly promoted to colonel, brigadier-
general and brevet major-general. After
the war General Griffin settled in Keene,
N. H., and represented that town three
terms in the state legislature, two of
which he served as speaker of the house.
In 1887-88 he was commander of the Mas
sachusetts commandery of the military
order of the Loyal Legion of the United
States. This eminent soldier and states
man is now engaged in historical literary
work.
HBRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
425
GRIFFIN, SOLOMON BULKLEY, jour
nalist, author, was born Aug. 13, 1852, in
Williamstown, Mass. He is a journalist
of Springfield, Mass., who has published
Mexico of To-Day.
GRIFFIN, THOMAS, congressman, was
a representative in congress from Virginia
from 1803 to 1805.
GRIFFIS, WILLIAM ELLIOT, was
born Sept. 17, 1843, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He is a Dutch reformed clergyman, pas
tor in Schenectady in 1877-86; in charge
of the Shawmut congregational church in
Boston in 1886-92; and subsequently set
tled at Ithaca, N. Y. He is an authority up
on Japanese topics, and the author of The
Mikado's Empire; Japanese Fairy World;
Corea: the Hermit Nation; The Tokio
Guide; The Yokohama Guide; Japan in
History, Folk-Lore, and Art; The Reli
gions of Japan; Brave Little Holland and
What She Taught Us; The Lily Among
Thorns, a biblical study; Life of Mat
thew Calbraith Perry; Sir William John
son and the Six Nations; Townsend Har
ris, first American envoy in Japan; and
Honda the Samurai, a Story of Modern
Japan.
GRIFFITH, BENJAMIN MORDECAI,
physician, was born April 14, 1831, in
Shelby county, Ky. He received his ed
ucation at the common schools of Ken
tucky and Missouri; and at Woods' acad
emy of Louisiana, Mo. This successful
physician of Springfield, 111., has been
president of the state board of health of
Illinois; and was the first president of
the first state medical society.
GRIFFITH, DAVID, clergyman, was
born in 1742 in New York city. At the
second Virginia convention of his church
in May, 1786, Dr. Griffith was chosen
bishop. He died Aug. 3, 1789, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
GRIFFITH, GOLDSBOROUGH SAP-
PINGTON, philanthropist, was born Nov.
4, 1814, in Havre-de-Grace, Md. In 1866
he was elected president of the Maryland
union commission; and contributed large
ly to the erection of the Young Men's
Christian association building in Balti
more.
GRIFFITH, GEORGE BANCROFT, au
thor, poet, was born Feb. 28, 1841, in New-
buryport, Mass. As the editor and author
of The Poets of
^fjlljj^^^mjjKt Maine, and The
[ Poets of Massachu
setts, he has become
well known. Mr.
Griffith has written
extensively for the
leading newspapers
and magazines of
America; and a
number of his beau
tiful poems have
been incorporated in
Poets of America
and other standard works. George Ban
croft Griffith is one of the editors of this
work; and has written succinct biogra
phies of many prominent men of the New
England states.
GRIFFITH, HARRISON P., educator,
was born Feb. 25, 1837, in Laurens county,
5. C. In 1881 he was elected principal of
Cooper-Limestone Female institute. He
is an able educator, and has done much
toward building up the fortunes of the
south.
GRIFFITH, JOHN E., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Oct. 24, 1864, in Delaware
county, Ohio. He graduated from the
Cincinnati law school in 1890; and in 1895
he was elected to the seventy-second
Ohio general assembly.
GRIFFITH, MARY LOUISA KNOWL-
TON, the wife of the late Edwin H.
Griffith, a successful banker of Castleton-
on-Hudson, N. Y., was born March 26,
1833, in Greenbush, N. Y. She received
her education at the East Greenbush and
Nassau academies, and at Tylers insti
tute of Pittsfield, Mass. She has always
taken the keenest interest in the annals
of history, and is the author of several
genealogical works.
GRIFFITH, ROBERT EGLESFIELD,
educator, physician, botanist, author, was
born Feb. 13, 1798, in Philadelphia. He
was a physician and botanist who was
from 1838 a medical professor in the uni
versity of Virginia. He was the author of
Medical Botany; and Universal Formu
lary. He died June 26, 1850, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
GRIFFITH, SAMUEL, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 14, 1816, in Brit
ain. He was elected a representative to
the forty-second congress from Pennsyl
vania.
GRIFFITH, SAMUEL NEWELL, edu
cator, clergyman, was born May 12, 1833,
in Pike, Wyoming county, N. Y. He was
educated at the
Lawrence university
of Appleton, Wis.,
from which institu
tion he graduated in
1861; and from that
time until 1864 he
filled the chair of
mathematics in his
alma mater. He
then attended the
Garrett Biblical in
stitute of Evanston,
111.; graduated in
1867, and has since attained success as an
eminent clergyman of the methodist epis
copal church. During 1867-70 he preached
in Chicago and vicinity; and in 1870-/2
was principal in the Mosley school of that
city. In 1872-75 he served as pastor of
the Kalamazoo methodist episcopal
church; and during 1875-88 filled pastor
ates in Summerfield, Milwaukee, Fond du
Lac, Racine, Appleton and Stevens Point.
From 1883-92 he filled pastorates in
North Dakota; and in 1892-97 in western
Wisconsin. In 1891 he was a delegate
to the second ecumenical methodist con
ference, held at Washington, D. C.
GRIFFITH, WILLIAM, jurist. He was
one of the earliest judges of the United
States circuit court; and in 1801 was ap
pointed by President Jefferson to the
third circuit.
GRIFFITH, WILLIAM HERRICK, bus-
isness man, genealogist, was born Jan. 27,
1866, in Castleton-on-Hudson, N. Y. He
is the only surviving
son of the late Ed
win H. Griffith, a
successful banker,
and Mary Louisa
Knowlton, a noted
author. He attend
ed the Albany Mili
tary academy and
Yale college; after
ward he traveled in
Europe and acted as
foreign correspond
ent for the New
York Home Journal, the Albany Argus,
and other newspapers. For five years he
was connected with the First National
bank of Albany, and since 1893 has been
engaged in the fire insurance business.
He is greatly interested in genealogy, and
is a member of a dozen different patriotic
orders and historical and art societies,
and has filled various offices of honor in
many of them.
GRIFFITHS, JOHN WILLIS, naval
architect, author, was born Oct. 6, 1809,
in New York city. He was a naval archi
tect of New York city, and the author of
Treatise on Marine and Naval Architec
ture, a work of great value; The Ship
Builders' Manual; and The Progressive
Ship Builder. He died April 29, 1882, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
GRIFFITTS. JOHN P., educator, college
president, was born in 1857, in Unitia,
Tenn. He attended the Grant university,
from which institution he received the
degrees of B. S., B. Lit., and M. S. In
1886 he was admitted to the bar. During
1888-89 he filled the chair of mathematics
in the London college, Tenn. In 1892 he
was licentiate of instruction, university of
Tennessee; and in 1893 received the de
gree of D. Sc. from the National univer
sity ot Chicago. During 1893-95 he was
professor of natural science in the Ewing
and Jefferson college; and since 1895 has
been president of Roane college of Wheat,
Tenn. In 1897 he was given the degree
of Ph. D. by the American Temperance
university of Hamman, Tenn.
GRIFFITTS, SAMUEL POWELL, phy
sician, was born July 21, 1759, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He founded the Philadelphia
dispensary in 1786, and was its physician
for seven years. He died May 12, 1826, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
GRIGG, JOHN, publisher, banker, was
born in 1792, in England. He entered a
publishing house in Philadelphia in 1816,
and in 1823 began business on his own
account, and was very successful. He re
tired in 1850, with a large fortune, and
afterward became a private banker. He
died Aug. 2, 1864, in Philadelphia.
GRIGGS, CHAUNCEY WRIGHT, mer
chant, lumberman, banker, was born Dec.
31, 1832, in Tolland, Conn. He remained
in Minnesota for thirty years, prosperous
ly engaged in business, except while at
the front during the civil war, where he
won the rank of colonel. In 1887 he re
moved to Tacoma, and took charge, as
president, of the St. Paul and Tacoma
Lumber Co.
GRIGGS, CLARK ROBINSON, railroad
president, legislator, was born March 6,
1824, in North Adams, Mass. He helped
to organize several railroads; and was
for three years president of the Indianap
olis, Bloomington and Western railroad
company. He was a member of the Mas
sachusetts legislature in 1857-58, and in
1867-68 was a member of the Illinois leg
islature.
GRIGGS, GEORGE KING, soldier, rail
road manager, was born Sept. 12, 1839, in
Henry county, Va. He served through
the civil war and received the rank of col
onel. In 1891 he was appointed general
superintendent, treasurer and paymaster
of the Danville and West Railroad com
pany of Danville, Va.
GRIGGS, JAMES M., journalist, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born March 29,
1861, in Lagrange, Ga. He moved to
Dawson in 1885; was elected solicitor-
general of the Pataula judicial circuit in
1888, and was re-elected in 1892. He was.
appointed judge of the same circuit, and
was twice re-elected without opposition.
He was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a democrat.
GRIGGS, JOHN WILLIAM, lawyer,
state senator, governor, was born July
10, 1849, in Newton, N. J. In 1879 he be
gan the practice of law in Paterson, N. J.
In 1875 he was elected to the state as
sembly, and was re-elected to a second
term. In 1882 he was elected to the state
senate, and was re-elected in 1884. In
1896 he was elected governor of New Jer
sey.
426
HERRUN-GSHAW'S ENCYCLOPKDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GRIGGS, NATHAN K., lawyer, poet,
He is one of the foremost lawyers of Ne
braska; and attorney for several of the
leading railroads of
the west. He is the
author of a number
of meritorious po
ems, which have ap
peared in Poets of
America and other
standard collections.
He is also a hymn
writer of national
reputation; and a
collection of his
hymns were pub
lished in 1892; and
his compositions constantly appear in
standard musical publications.
GRIGGS, SAMUEL CHAPMAN, pub
lisher, was born July 20, 1819, in Tolland.
Conn. He began business as a book seller
in Hamilton, N. Y., but in 1848 moved to
Chicago, where he continued in the same
calling, and in a few years was at the
head of the largest book selling business
in the northwest.
GKIGSBY, HUGH BLAIR, historical
scholar, was born Nov. 22, 1806, in Nor
folk, Va. He represented Norfolk in the
legislature when scarcely more than a
boy; and in 1829-30 was a member of the
state convention with Thomas Jefferson,
James Madison, and other noted men.
ne was president of the Virginia Histor
ical society, and became in 1871 chancellor
of William and Mary college. He died
April 28, 1881, in Charlotte county, Va.
GRIGSBY, MELVIN, lawyer, banker,
legislator, was born June 8, 1845, in Po-
tosi. Wis. At the age of sixteen years he
enlisted in company C, second regiment
Wisconsin cavalry. He has written a work
of his prison life and escape. He has been
a member of the city council of Sioux
Ka.ls, and is a succesful bank president.
He has served with distinction as a mem
ber of the South Dakota state legislature,
and has been attorney-general for the
state of South Dakota. .
GRIM, WILLIAM H., orator, clergy
man, was born Oct. 19, 1830, in Coshocton
county, Ohio. He received his education
^^^^^^^ at the Asbury uni-
, ' "**^ versity, now called
the De Pauw univer-
f I ! sity; which institu-
jjgi * I 1 1 o n subsequently
I conferred upon him
the degree of D. D.
In 1855 he entered
the Indiana confer
ence of the metho-
dist episcopal
church; was presid
ing elder on the
Rockport district
during 1880-84; and on the Evansville dis
trict during 1887-93. He is recognized as
one of the ablest pulpit orators of his
conference; and now fills a pastorate in
Sullivan, Ind.
GRIMES, BRYAN, soldier, was born
Nov. 2, 1828, ,n Pile county, N. C. He en
tered the confederate army in 1861 as ma
jor of the fourth North Carolina regi
ment. He served througnout the war, and
attained the rank of senior major-general.
He died Aug. 14, 1880. near Bear Creek,
N. C.
GRIMES, EDWARD B., poet. He is a
successful journalist of Dayton, Ohio;
and the author of a volume of Poems.
GRIMES, JAMES KINGSLEY, edu
cator, clergyman, was born July 4, 1852,
in Belmont county. Ohio. In 1873 he
graduated in the classical course from the
Mount Union college; has received the
degrees of A. M. and D. D.; and for sev
eral years was a teacher in the public
schools. He has attained distinction as
a successful clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church; and he has filled a
number of prominent pastorates in the
East Ohio conference. During his pastor
ate at Alliance, Ohio, the beautiful new
church known as the Union Avenue meth
odist church was erected at a cost of
twenty-five thousand dollars.
GRIMES. JAMES WILSON, governor,
United States senator, was born Oct. 20,
1816, in Deering, N. H. In 1838 he was
elected to the general assembly of the ter
ritory of Iowa, to which he was irequent-
ly re-elected. He was governor of the
state of Iowa from 1854 to 1858; and in
1859 was elected a senator in congress
from that state for six years. He was a
delegate to the peace congress of 1861;
was re-elected to the senate for the term
commencing in 1865, and ending in 1871.
He died Feb. 7, 1872, in Burlington, Iowa.
GRIMES, THOMAS WINGFIELD, sol
dier, legislator, congressman, was born in
Georgia. He served as a private in the
confederate army during the last eighteen
months of the war. rie was a member of
the legislature in 1868-69, and re-elected
in 1875-76. He served as state senator in
1878-79. In 1880 he was elected solicitor-
general of the Chattahoochee circuit for
a term of four years; and was re-elected
without opposition in 1884. He was elect
ed to the fiftieth and fifty-first congresses
as a democrat.
GRIMKri, ANGELINA EMILY, reform
er, author, was oorn Feb. 2u, 1805, in
Charleston, S. C. She has spent her life
in educational and reformatory work;
and is the author of a work entitled Let
ters to Catherine E. Beecher.
GRIMKE, ARCHIBALD HENRY, law
yer, author, was born in South Carolina.
He is the author of Eulogy on Wendell
Phillips; Charles Sumner, the Scholar in
Politics; and William Lloyd Garrison, the
Abolitionist.
GRIMKE, FREDERICK, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born Sept. 1, 1791, in Charles
ton, S. C. He was an Ohio jurist, and
the author of Ancient and Modern Liter
ature; and Nature and Tendencies of Free
Institutions. He died March 8, 1863, in
Chillicothe, Ohio.
GRIMKE. JOHN FAUCrtERAUD, law
yer, jurist, author, was born Dec. 16, 1752,
in South Carolina. He was a jurist of
South Carolina, and the author of Revised
Edition of Laws of South Carolina; Law
of Executors of South Carolina; Public
Law of South Carolina; Probate Direc
tory; and Duty 01 Justices of the Peace.
He died Aug. 9, 1819, in Long Branch.
N. J.
GRIMKE, SARAH MOORE, reformer,
author, was born Nov. 6, 1792, in Charles
ton, S. C. She was a reformer who was
very prominent in the anti-slavery move
ment, and the author of Epistle to tne
Clergy of the Southern States; and Let
ters on the Condition of Women. She
died Dec. 23, 1873, in Hyde Park, N. Y.
GRIMKE, THOMAS SMITH, reformer,
author, was born Sept. 26, 1786, in
Charleston, S. C. He was a reformer of
Charleston, active in temperance and in
the promotion of peace societies, who
published Addresses on Science, Educa
tion, and Literature. He died Oct. 11,
1834, near Columbus, Ohio.
GRIMSHAW, ROBERT, civil engineer,
lecturer, author, was born in 1850, in
Pennsylvania. He is a civil engineer, lec
turer on physics at the Franklin institute
of Philadelphia, and the author of His
tory, etc., of Saws; Saw Filing; Steam
Engine Catechism; Pump Catechism;
Steam Boiler Catechism; Record of Sci
entific Progress; Hints to Power Users;
and Fifty Years Hence.
GRIMSHAW, WILLIAM, author, was
born in 1782, in Ireland. He was a Phila
delphia writer who published a once pop
ular series of school histories, and also
Etymological Dictionary; Gentlemen's
Lexicon; Ladies' Lexicon; The American
Chesterfield; and Life of Napoleon. He
died in 1852, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GRING, DAVID, railroad president, was
born June 8, 1857, in Denver, Pa. Since
1890 he has been president of the Newport
and Sherman's Valley railroad at New
port, Pa.
GRINNELL. GEORGE BIRD, ornithol
ogist, journalist, author, was born in 1849,
in New York. He is an ornithologist, and
the editor of Forest and Stream of New
York city. He is the author of The Story
of a Prairie People; The Story of the In
dian; and Pawnee Hero Stories and Folk
Tales.
GRINNELL, HENRY, merchant, ex
plorer, was born Feb. 14, 1797, in New
Bedford, Mass. He was the first president
of the American Geographical society, and
fitted out two expeditions in search of Sir
John Franklin. Grinnell Land, in the
Arctic seas, is named in his honor. He
died June 30, 1874, in New York city.
GRINNELL. JOSEPH, merchant, bank
er, congressman, was born Nov. 17, 1/88,
in New Bedford, Mass. In 1839, 1840, and
1841 he was a member of the governor's
council of Massachusetts. He was elected
a representative in congress in 1843, and
was three times re-elected. He originated
the idea of a reduction of postage and the
establishment of life boats. He died Feb.
7, 1885, in New Bedford, Mass.
GRINNELL, JOSIAH B., farmer, state
senator, congressman, author, was born
Dec. 22, 1821, in New Haven, Vt. He was
a member of the Iowa state senate for
four years; and a special agent for the
general postoffice for two years. He was
elected a representative from Iowa to the
thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth congresses.
He was the author of Go West, Young
Man, Go West; Home of the Badgers;
Cattle Industries of the United States;
and Men and Events of Forty Years.
GRINNELL, KATHERINE VAN AL
LEN, educator, reformer, was born April
20, 1839, in Pillar Point, N. Y. She re
ceived her education
at the Falley sem
inary of Fulton, N.
Y. ; and has attained
prominence as a
writer and teacher
of the scientific prin
ciples of the social
order. She advo
cates the social sys
tem based upon the
scientific discoveries
of Sivartha in his
Book of Life. She
has also contributed a number of meri
torious poems to the periodical press.
GRINNELL, MOSES HICKS, merchant,
congressman, was born March 3, 1803, in
New Bedford, Mass. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from
1839 to 1841; and was a presidential elect
or in 1856. In 1869 he was appointed col
lector of the port of New York. He died
Nov. 24, 1877, in New York city.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
427
GRISCOM, CLEMENT ACTION, presi
dent of the International Navigation com
pany, was born March 15, 1841, in Phila
delphia. In 1871 the
International Navi
gation Co. was or
ganized in Philadel
phia by the old firm
of Peter Wright ana
_gi Sons. Mr. Griscom
> ..mSfat. was one °f its found
ers and from the
start its vice-presi
dent, and in 1888 be
came president. It
owns nearly all the
capital stock of the
Belgian corporation known as the Red
Star line, which operates ten large steam
ers in the trade to Antwerp. In 1886 Mr.
Griscom bought for his company the old
Inman line, then running to Liverpool.
GRISCOM, JOHN, educator, author, was
born Sept. 27, 1774, at Hancock's Bridge,
N. J. He was a once noted educator who
was professor of chemistry at Rutgers
college in 1812-28. He is the author of
A Year in Europe; and Monitorial In
struction. He died Feb. 26, 1852, in Bur
lington, N. J.
GRISCOM, JOHN HAWKINS, physi
cian, author, was born Aug. 14, 1809, in
New York city. He was an eminent phy
sician of New York city, and the author
of Animal Mechanism and Physiology:
Prison Hygiene; Use and Abuses of Air;
Use of Tobacco and Evils Resulting
Therefrom; and Physical Indications of
Longevity. He died April 28, 1874. in
New York city.
GRISSOM, ARTHUR C., journalist,
poet, was born Jan. 21, i869, in Payson,
111. He is the editor of Spirit, and The
American Home Graphic of New York
city; and is the author of a number of
meritorious poems.
GRISWOLD, ALEXANDER VIETS,
clergyman, bishop, author, was born April
22, 1766, in Simsbury, Conn. He was the
third protestant
episcopal bishop of
Massachusetts, and
the author of Dis
courses on the Most
Important Doc
trines; The Reform
ation and the Apos
tolic Office; and Re
marks on Prayer
Meetings. He died
Feb. 15, 1843, in Bos
ton, Mass., from
heart disease while
visiting Bishop Eastburn.
GRISWOLD. ALPHONSO MINER, jour
nalist, author, was born Jan. 26, 1834, in
Westmoreland, N. Y. His paragraphs and
humorous essays under the pen-name of
The Fat Contributor won him reputation;
and he spent the years 1865-78 in the lec
ture field, his topics being American An
tiquities; Injun Meal; and Queer Folks.
Since 1886 he has been an editor and one
of the proprietors of Texas Siftings.
GRISWOLD, CASIMIR CLAYTON, ar
tist, was born in 1834. in Delaware, Ohio.
He studied wood engraving in Cincinnati,
and removed to New York about 1850.
Among his works are December; Winter
Morning; The Last of the Ice; August
Day, Newport; and Early Spring.
GRISWOLD, MRS. FRANCES IRENE
[BURGE] [SMITH], author, was born
in 1826, in Rhode Island. She is a writer
of Sunday-school tales, among which are
the Bishop and Nannette Series: and
Miriam's Reward.
GRISWOLD, GAYLORD, congressman.
He was a member of the New York as
sembly from 1796 to 1798; and was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1803 to 1805. He died in 1809.
GRISWOLD, MRS. HARRIET, edu
cator, author, poet, was born Jan. 26,
1842, in Boston, Mass. She is an educator
of Wisconsin, and the author of Apple
Blossoms, a volume of poems; Home Life
of Great Authors; Waiting on Destiny;
and Lucille and Her Friends. 'Her poem,
Under the Daisies, has had a wide popu
larity as a song.
GRISWOLD, JOHN A., manufacturer,
banker, congressman, was born Nov. 11,
1818, in Nassau, N. Y. In 1862 he was
elected a representative from New York
to the thirty-eighth congress, and was re-
elected to the thirty-ninth and fortieth
congresses as a republican. He died Oct.
31, 1872, in Troy, N. Y.
GRISWOLD, JOHN A., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1827, in Greene
county, N. Y. In 1856 he was elected dis
trict attorney of Greene county, and held
the position for three years. In 1864 he
was elected county judge, and continued
in the office four years. In 1868 he was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-first congress as a democrat.
GRISWOLD, MATTHEW, lawyer, jur
ist, governor, was born March 23, 1714,
in Lyme, Conn. He was a judge, and af
terward chief justice of the superior
court, lieutenant-governor and governor
in 1784-86 of Connecticut. He died April
28, 1799, at Lyme, Conn.
GRISWOLD, MATTHEW, manufac
turer, congressman, was born June 6.
1833, in Lyme, Conn. In 1862 he was
elected a member of the Connecticut
house of representatives; and was re-
elected in 1865. In 1866 he moved to
Erie, his present home, where he became
engaged in manufacturing. He was a
member of the fifty-second and fifty-
fourth congresses as a republican.
GRISWOLD, ROGER, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was uorn May 21, 1762, in
Lyme, Conn. In 1795 to 1805 he was a
representative in congress from Connecti
cut; and in 1807 was chosen a judge of tne
supreme court of the state. He was lieu
tenant-governor from 1809 to 1811; and
was then elected governor. He died Oct.
25, 1812, in Norwich, Conn.
GRISWOLD, RUFUS WILMOT, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born Feb. 15,
1815. in Benson, \t. He was an industri
ous compiler and lit
erary editor who
possessed but a
slight amount of
critical insight and
discrimination. His
best known publica
tions are, Female
Poets of America;
Prose Writers of
America; Poets and
Poetry of America;
and Sacred Poets of
England and Amer
ica. His other works include Washing
ton and the Generals of the Revolution;
The Republican Court; Scenes in the Life
of the Saviour; and Napoleon and the
Marshals of the Empire. He died Aug.
27, 1857, in New York city.
GRISWOLD, STANLEY, clergyman,
journalist, lawyer, jurist, United States
senator, was born Nov. 14, 1763, in Tor-
ringford. Conn. In 1804 he became the
editor of a democratic paper in Walpole,
N. H.; and was soon afterward appointed
secretary of the territory of Michigan.
He was a senator in congress from Ohio
in 1809; and was United States judge for
the northwestern territory. He died Aug.
21, 1815, in Shawneetown, 111.
GRISWOLD, WILLIAM MACRILLIS,
author, was born in 1853, in Maine. He
is a literary worker of Cambridge who
has published A Manual of Misused
Words, and many valuable indexes to
periodicals.
GROESBECK, TELFORD, lawyer, poet,
was born Aug. 5, 1853, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. He graduated from Princeton col
lege and the Harvard law school, and has
attained success in the profession of law
in his native city. He has filled various
positions of honor, and has been judge
advocate general of Ohio. He is the author
of The Incas, the Children of the Sun, an
exceedingly meritorious poem, which de
picts the strange and romantic civiliza
tion of the Incas.
GROESBECK, WILLIAM SLOCOMB,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born July 24, 1815, in New York city.
He was elected a representative from
Ohio to the thirty-fifta congress; was a
member of the peace congress of 1861;
and in 1862 was elected to the senate of
Ohio. He was a delegate to the Philadel
phia National Union convention of 1866.
GROFF, GEORGE G., physician, edu
cator, was born in April, 1851, in Chester
county, Pa. In 1879 he was elected to
the chair of natural sciences in the Buck-
nell university of Lewisburg, Pa.; and is
president of the Pennsylvania state board
of health.
GROIN, WILLIAM M., United States
senator, was born in 1805, in Tennessee.
In 1841 he was elected to congress from
Mississippi; and was a member of the
United States senate. He died in 1885, in
New York.
GRONER, VIRGINIUS DESPAUEX,
soldier, was born Sept. 14, 1836, in Nor
folk, Va. He served in the confederacy
during the civil war,
and was brevetted
brigadier - general.
He has been a can
didate for governor
of his native state,
and on several occa
sions his name was
placed in nomina
tion for United
States senator. He
is president of the
National Compress
association; presi
dent of the steamship line run by that
association between Norfolk and Liver
pool, and is actively interested in many
other business enterprises. He has con
tributed greatly to the advancement of
the shipping interests of Norfolk, Va. ;
and was appointed a commissioner from
Virginia to the World's Columbian ex
position.
GRONLUND, LAURENCE, lecturer, au
thor, was born in 1847, in Denmark. He is
a lecturer upon socialistic topics in many
cities of the United States, and the author
of The Co-operative Commonwealth in
Its Outlines; Ca Ira, or Danton in the
French Revolution; and Our Destiny.
GROOME, JAMES BLACK, lawyer,
governor, United States senator, was born
April 4, 1838, in Elkton, Md. In 1867 he
was elected to the state constitutional
convention; in 1871 was elected to the
state legislature; and was re-elected. In
1874 he was elected governor of Maryland;
and was elected United States senator
from Maryland for the term of six years
from March 4, 1879.
428
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GROSE, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born Dec. 16, 1812,
in Dayton, Ohio. He was chosen a judge
of the court of com
mon pleas in 1860,
but resigned in 1861,
and recruited the
thirty-sixth Indiana
infantry, of which
he became colonel.
At Shiloh his regi
ment was the only
part of Buell's army
that joined in the
first day's fight, and
after the engage
ment he commanded
a brigade; and subsequently was pro
moted to brigadier-general. He lives in
New Castle, Ind.
GROSS, EZRA C., lawyer, congressman,
was born in Windsor county, Vt. He was
surrogate of Essex county from 1815 to
1819; was a representative in congress
from New York from 1819 to 1821; and
was elected to tne assembly of that state
in 1828 and 1829. He died before the close
of his second term.
GROSS, JOHN DANIEL, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1737, in Ger
many. He was a regent of the university
of New York in 1784, and a trustee of Co
lumbia in 1787. He published Natural
Principles of Rectitude. He died May 25,
1S12, in Canajoharie, N. Y.
GROSS, JOSEPH B., clergyman, author.
He was a lutheran clergyman, among
whose writings are The Heathen Religion
in Its Symbolical Development; Teach
ings of Providence; Truth in Religion;
Belief in Immortality on Purely Logical
Principles; and Ola Faith and New
Thoughts. He died in 1891.
GROSS, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in Montgomery county, Pa. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1819 to 1823.
GROSS, SAMUEL DAVID, educator,
physician, surgeon, author, was born July
8, 1805, near Easton, Pa. He was a dis
tinguished surgeon of Philadelphia who
was professor of surgery in Jefferson
Medical college in 1856-82, ana a member
of many medical associations in America
and Europe. He is the author of A Sys
tem of Surgery; Lives of Eminent Amer
ican Physicians and Surgeons of the Nine
teenth Century; Manual of Military Sur
gery; History of American Medical Lit
erature; John Hunter and His Pupils;
Pathological Anatomy; Wounds of the
Intestines; and Diseases of the Urinary
Organs. He also edited American Med
ical Biography. He died May 6, 1884, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
GROSS, SAMUEL EBERLY, capitalist,
founder. He determined upon the opera
tions which have since made him famous
as probably the
greatest subdivide!'
of real estate in the
United States.
Among his many
successful transac
tions may be noted
the following; In
1880 he located the
New City to the
soutnwest. In 1882
he began on Chica
go's northern boun
dary and laid out
what eventuated in the flourishing village
of Gross Park. In 1886 he founded the town
of Brookdale on the Illinois Central rail
way; and opened Under-the-Linden,
the villages 01 Calumet Heights and Dau
phin Park; and in 1889 he founded Gross-
dale.
GROSS, SAMUEL WEISSEL, educa
tor, physician, surgeon, author, was born
Feb. 4, 1837, in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was
a surgeon of Philadelphia who succeeded
his father as professor of surgery in Jef
ferson Medical college in 1882. He is the
author of Tumors of the Mammary
Gland; and Treatise on Impotence, Steril
ity, and Allied Disorders. He died April
Hi, 1889, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GROSS, WILLIAM HICKLEY, arcn-
bishop. was born June 12, 1837, in Balti
more, Md. He was consecrated bishop of
Savannah in 1873, and in 1884 he became
archbishop of Oregon.
GROSVENOR, CHARLES HENRY, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born Sept.
20, 1833, in Pomfret, Conn. He enlisted in
the union army in
1861, and served
throughout the war
as major, lieutenant-
colonel and colonel,
and was brevetted
brigadier-general in
1865. He was solic
itor of Athens in
1867-68; presidential
elector in 1872 and
1880; and was elect
ed a representative
in the state legisla
ture in 1873 and re-elected in 1875, serv
ing as speaker in 1876 and 1877. He was
appointed a member of the board of trus
tees of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans'
Home in 1880. He was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-ninth,
fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-third, fifty-fourth
and fifty-fifth congresses as a republican.
GROSVENOR, CHARLES W., soldier,
state senator, was born May 11, 1839, in
Pomfret, Conn. He served as sergeant of
company D, eighteenth Connecticut vol
unteers, during the civil war. He nas
twice represented his native town in the
state legislature, and once in the senate;
and in 1897 became state treasurer.
GROSVENOR, EBENEZER 0., mer
chant, banker, state senator, was born
Jan. 26, 1820, in Stillwater, N. Y. In
1854 he established the Grosvenor Sav
ings bank of Jonesville, Mich., of which
he has always been president and man
ager. He was a state senator in 1859 and
in 1863-64.
GROSVENOR. EDWIN AUGUSTUS, ed
ucator, author, was born in 1845, in Mas
sachusetts. He was a professor of Euro
pean history at Amherst college, and from
1873-90 professor of history at Roberts
college, Constantinople. He is the author
of Constantinople.
GROSVENOR, LEMUEL CONANT,
physician, author, was born March 22,
1833, in Paxton, Mass. He is an obstetri
cian of rare skill and ability, and has
long held a front rank among physicians
in general practice in Chicago. He is the
author of Our Babies; Bedside Chats with
Young Mothers; and The Sanitation and
Technique of the Lying-in Room.
GROSVENOR, THOMAS P., lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1780, in Pom-
fret, Conn. He served a number of years
in the legislature of New York; was
elected a representative in congress from
1813 to 1817. He died April 25, 1817.
GROTE, AUGUSTUS RADCLIFFE, sci
entist, author, poet. He is a scientist,
formerly of Buffalo, but now living in
Bremen, Germany. He is the author of
Notes on the Bombycidae of Cuba; Notes
on the Sphingidre of Cuba; Notes on the
Zyga?nirtip of Cuba; Genesis; The New
Infidelity; Notes of the Lepidoptera of
America (with C. T. Robinson); and Rip
Van Winkle, a Sun Myth, and Other
Poems
GROUT, JONATHAN, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 23, 1737, in
Lunenburg, Mass. He served for a short
time in the revolutionary army. He was.
for some years a member of the general
court, or house of representatives of
Massachusetts; and in 1789 was elected a
member of the first congress, in which he
served from 1789 to 1791. He died Sept.
8, ISO/, in Dover, N. H.
GROUT, WILLIAM W.. soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 24, 1836, in
Canada, of American parents. He was
state's attorney for Orleans county in
1865-66. He was a member of the Ver
mont house of representatives in 1868,
1869, 1870, and 1874, and of the senate
in 1876. He was elected to the forty-sev
enth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-
second, fifty-third and fifty-fourth con
gresses, and re-elected to the fifty-fifth,
congress in 1896.
GROVE. JOHN B., physician, was born
Aug. 2, 1829, in Augusta county, Va. In
1872 he was elected a member of the city
council of Columbus,
ind.; and was nom
inated as state sen
ator for the counties
of Bartholomew and
Brown, by the dem
ocrats of the district
in 1874. In 1863 he
became identified
with the democratic
organization, o f
which he has since
been an earnest and
consistent member,
taking a deep interest in its welfare, and
contributing largely to its successful
management. As a physician he stands
at the head of the profession.
GROVE, PHILETUS AMMERMAN, ar
tist, educator, clergyman, was born Jan.
6, 1867, in Pisgah, Mo. He received his
education at the Clarksburg college and
the Missouri Valley college, graduating
from the latter institution in 1894 with
the degree of B. L. He has attained suc
cess as an educator, and for three years
was president of the Otterville college.
He is a successful clergyman of the pres-
byterian church; and has been success
ful as an instructor in art.
GROVE, WILLIAM B., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from,
North Carolina from 1791 to 1803.
GROVER, ASA P., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Feb. 18, 1819.
in Ontario county, N. Y. He was elected
to the state senate in 1857; re-elected in
1861, holding the position eight years.
He was elected a representative from
Kentucky to the fortieth congress as a
democrat.
GROVER. CUVIER, soldier, was born
July 24. 1829, in Bethel, Maine. In 185*
he graduated from the United States Mil
itary academy, and
was assigned to the
first a r t i 1 le r y;
served on the fron
tier till 1853; and
from 1853 to 1854 on
the Northern Pacific
railroad exploration,
after which he
served at various
western stations. ID
1862 he became brig
adier-general of vol
unteers; was trans
ferred to the army of the Potomac; and in
1875 was made colonel. He died June 6,
1885, in Atlantic City, N. J.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
429
GROVER, LAFAYETTE, soldier, law
yer, congressman, governor, United States
senator, born Nov. 29, 1823, in Bethel,
Maine. In 1851 he was elected prosecut
ing attorney for the territory of Oregon;
in 1852 was auditor of public accounts;
served three years in the territorial legis
lature; and saw service in the Indian wars
of Oregon. Having been an active mem
ber of the convention of 1857 to form a
state constitution, he was subsequently
•elected the first representative in congress
from the prospective state, and took his
seat as such in 1859. In 1870 he was
elected governor of Oregon, and re-elected
in 1874; and resigned in 1877 to take his
seat as a United States senator from
Oregon for the term ending in 1883.
GROVER, LEWIS C., underwriter,
founder, was born Oct. 20, 1815, in Cald-
well, N. J. In 1845 he obtained from the
legislature a charter of the Mutual Bene
fit Life Insurance company of Newark,
N. J., of which he afterward became pres
ident.
GROVER, MARTIN, lawyer, jurist,
•congressman, was born in New York. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1845 to 1847; was a judge
of the supreme court of New York from
1857 to 1859; and was judge of the court
•of appeals from 1859 for a full term. He
was elected an associate judge in 1870
for fourteen years. He died Aug. 23,
1875, in Alleghany county, N. Y.
GROW, GALUSHA AARON, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 31, 1824, in
Eastford, Conn. In 1850 he was elected a
rcprcsi'iitativr i n
congress from Penn-
^ sylvania; and was
re-elected to the
thirty-sixth c o n-
gress. He was re-
elected to the thirty-
seventh congress,
and was chosen
speaker of the house
of representatives.
He served in the fif
ty-third congress to
fill a vacancy; and
re-elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a republican.
GRUBB, EDWARD BURD, soldier,
manufacturer, diplomat, was born in 1841,
in Burlington, N. J. He attained the rank
of brigadier-general during the civil war.
In the management of iron works and
mines in Pennsylvania and Virginia he
succeeded his father, and soon became one
•of the leading producers of pig iron in
the north.
GRUBE, BERNHARD ADAM, mission
ary, author, was born in 1715, in Ger
many. He was a Moravian missionary
who came to America in 1746 and settled
in Pennsylvania. He published Delaware
Indian Hymn Book; and Harmony of the
Gospels. He died March 20, 1808, in Beth
lehem, Pa.
GRUMBINE, LEE LEIGHT, lawyer,
journalist, was born July 25, 1858, in
Fredericksburg. Pa. In 1890 he founded
the Lebanon Daily Report, which became
a recognized force in Pennsylvania jour
nalism.
GRUND, FRANCIS JOSEPH, journal
ist, author, was born in 1809, in Bohemia.
He was a journalist of Philadelphia who
published Exercises in Arithmetic; Amer
icans in their Moral, Religious and Social
Relations; Aristocracy in America; Life
of General Harrison, in German; and
Thoughts and Reflections on the Present
Position of Europe. He died Sept. 29,
1863, in Philadelphia, Pa.
GRUNDY, FELIX, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Sept. 11, 1770, in Berkeley county,
Va. For six or seven
years he was a
member of the Ken
tucky legislature;
and in 1806 was
elected one of the
judges of the su
preme court of Ken
tucky, and was soon
after chief justice.
From 1811 to 1814 he
was a representative
in congress from
Tennessee, and dur
ing several years after was a member of
the legislature of that state. From 1829
to 1838 he was United States senator, and
in the latter year attorney-general of the
United States. In 1840 he resigned this
position, and was again elected senator.
He died Dec. 19, 1840, in Nashville, Tenn.
GUE, BENJAMIN P., journalist, legis
lator, was born Dec. 25, 1828, in Greene
county, N. Y. He received his education
at the Canandaigua
and East Bloomfield
academies. In 1852 he
moved to Iowa, set
tling in Scott county.
In 1857 he was elect
ed to the legislature,
serving four years;
and in 1861 was
elected to the state
senate. He was one
of the authors of the
act for the estab
lishment of the state
agricultural college, and secured its pass
age. In 1864 he became editor and owner
of the Fort Dodge Republican; and in
1865 he was elected lieutenant-governor
of the state. In 1872 he moved to Des
Moines, and became editor of the Iowa
Homestead, and subsequently its owner.
In 1873 he was appointed pension agent
for Iowa and Nebraska. He has been
president of trustees of the Iowa Agricul
tural college; and has been connected with
the state historical department since its
organization. He devotes his time large
ly to collecting material for a History of
Iowa.
GUENTHER. RICHARD, pharmacist,
congressman, was born Nov. 30, 1845, in
Prussia. He settled at Oshkosh, Wis., in
1867; was elected state treasurer in 1876,
and re-elected in 1878. He was elected a
representative from Wisconsin to the for
ty-seventh, forty-eighth and forty-ninth
and fiftieth congresses as a republican.
GUERARD, BENJAMIN, governor. He
was governor of South Carolina from 1783
to 1785; and speaker of the house in
1783. He died in January, 1789, in
Charleston, S. C.
GUERIN, CLAUDE \.. lawyer, lec
turer, was born Sept. 8, 1867, in Jersey
City, N. J. He received his education in
the schools of New Brunswick, N. J., and
the Asbury Park high school. He has at
tained success as an eminent lawyer of
New Jersey, and has a large practice in
Asbury Park-. He is a prominent member
of tne republican party; a member of the
board of education; and belongs to the
National Guards of New Jersey. As a
public speaker he ranks high.
GUERNSEY, ALFRED HUDSON, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1825, in Ver
mont. He is a writer of New York city,
and at one period editor of Harper's
Monthly. He is the author of The Span
ish Armada; The World's Opportunities;
Carlyle, His Life, Books, and Theories;
and Emerson, Poet and Philosopher.
GUERNSEY, CLARA FLORIDA, au
thor, was born in 1836, in New York. She
is a Rochester writer 01 juvenile tales,
among which are The Boys of Eaglewood
School; The Silver Library; Friends in
Need; and The Merman and the Figure
Head.
GUERNSEY, EGBERT, physician, au
thor, was born in 1823, in Connecticut.
He is a homeopathic physician of New
York city, editor of the Medical Times
since 1872, and the author of History of
the United States; Homeopathic Domestic
Practice; and The Gentleman s Book of
Homeopathy.
GUERNSEY, HENRY NEWELL, phy
sician, author, was born in 1817, in Ver
mont. He was a homeopathic physician
of Philadelphia, and the author of Ap
plication of Homeopathy to Obstetrics;
Plain Talks on Avoided Subjects; The
Keynote System: Obstetrics and Diseases
of Women and Children; and Lectures on
Materia Medica. He died in 1885.
GUERNSEY, JOSEPH C., physician,
was born March 25, 1849, in Frankford,
Pa. He is a trustee of the Hahnemann
Medical college and hospital of Philadel
phia, and lecturer on materia medica.
GUERNSEY, LUCY ELLEN, author,
was born in 1826, in New York. She is a
writer of Rochester, i\. Y., who has pub
lished more than fifty juvenile tales, some
of which are, Old Stanfield House;
Through Unknown Ways; Winifred; and
Agnes Warrington's Mistake.
GUERNSEY, ROCELLUS S., lawyer,
author. He is the author of Juries
and Physicians on Insanity; Mechanics'
Lien Laws for New York City; Municipal
Law and Its Relations to the Constitu
tion of Man; Key to Story's Equity Juris
prudence; Living Authors at the New
York Bar; Suicide, a History of the Penal
Laws Relating to It; and New York City
and Vicinity During the War of 1812.
GUEST, JOHN, naval officer, was born
March 7, 1821, in Missouri. He served in
1845-48 on the frigate Congress in the
Pacific, on the coast of Mexico during the
Mexican war and took part on shore in
several sharp engagements. He also
served with distinction through the civil
war. He died Jan. 12, 1879, in Ports
mouth, N. H.
GUFFIN, WASHINGTON I., merchant,
state legislator, was born Jan. 17, 1840, in
Carlisle, N. Y. In 1869 he moved to
Illinois; and has since been successfully
engaged as a grain merchant in Paw Paw.
In 1892 he was elected a representative to
the Illinois state legislature, and twice re
ceived the re-election.
GUHIN, JAMES WILLIAM, merchant,
jurist, was born June 17, 1863, in Maple
Grove, Wis. In 1883 he moved to Dakota
. territory, and was
one of the first set-
tiers of Aberdeen.
He is a successful
merchant of Eureka,
S. D.; has been
judge of the munici
pal court of Eureka
from its incorpora
tion, and has filled a
number of important
positions in his
county and state. He
is also a contributor
to current publications.
GUICE, NAPOLEON LORENZO, phy
sician, surgeon, was born Feb. 10, 1838,
in Hamburg, Miss. In 1877-78 he was
president of the Mississippi State Medical
association, and is a prominent physician
of Meridian, Miss.
430
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GUIDERY, JOHN, lawyer, was born
July 31. 1844, in Westchester, N. Y. He
received his education in the public
schools of New York city and San Francis
co, Cal. He is a successful lawyer of Butte
county, Cal., where for nearly a quarter
of a century he has been court commis
sioner and under-sheriff.
GUILBERT, EDWARD AUGUSTUS,
physician, was born in 1826, in Water-
town, N. Y. This eminent physician has
practiced his profession with success in
Waukegan and Elgin, 111.; and in 1856
settled in Dubuque, Iowa, where he has
ever since resided. During 1863-65 he was
surgeon of the board of enrollment, and
is now one of the leading physicians of
Iowa. He is a member of the leading
medical bodies, and a member of the Ma
sonic and other fraternal orders.
GUILD, MRS. CADWALADER. sculp
tor, was born in Boston, Mass. She has
attained her greatest success in Berlin,
Germany; and two of her statues. Post
and Telegraphic, are on the new post-
office building in Magdeburg. Her most
beautiful work is Electron.
GUILD, MRS. CAROLINE SNOWDEN.
author, was born June 1, 1827, in Massa
chusetts. She is a religious writer of
Boston, and the author of Violet; Daisy;
Never Mind the Face; Some House Songs;
compiler of Hymns of the Ages; and
Prayers of the Ages.
GUILD, CURTIS, journalist, author,
was born Jan. 13, 1828, in Boston, Mass.
He is a journalist of Boston, founder and
editor of The Commercial Bulletin; and
the author of Over the Ocean, a popular
book of travels; Abroad Again; Britons
and Muscovites; From Sunrise to Sunset,
a volume of verse; and A Chat About
Celebrities.
GUILD, REUBEN ALDRIDGE, librari
an, author, was born May 4, 1822, at West
Dedham, Mass. He was the librarian of
Brown university in 1848-93. He is the
author of Librarian's Manual; Rhode Isl
and in the Continental Congress (edited) ;
History of Brown University, Chaplain
Smith and the Baptists; Footprints of
Roger Williams; and Roger Williams, the
Pioneer Missionary to the Indians.
GUILLET, JOSEPH HENRI, lawyer,
was born Jan. 11, 1853, in Marieville,
Province of Quebec. At the age of sixteen
he enlisted in the famous regiment, the
Pontifical Zouaves, Rome, and served dur
ing the campaigns of 1870 up to the fall
of Rome, Sept. 20, 1870. He returned to
America and entered journalism at Low
ell, Mass.; subsequently taught school,
and is now a prominent lawyer of that
city. He was decorated by the Pope with
a military medal; was created by Leo
XIII. a knight commander of the Mili
tary Order of Saint Sylvester. He has
been president of several associations.
GUINEY, LOUISE IMOGEN, author,
poet, was born Jan. 7, 1861, in Boston,
Mass. She is a writer of Newton, Mass.,
and the author of Goose-Quill Papers;
Brownies and Bogies; Three Heroines of
New England Romance (with Mrs. Spof-
ford and Alice Brown); Monsieur Henri,
a Footnote to French History; A Little
English Gallery; Lovers' Saint Ruths, and
Three Other Tales; Patrins, a collection
of essays; Verse: Songs at the Start; The
White Sail; and A Roadside Harp. She
has edited the select poems of Mangan,
with a study of his life and work.
GUINON, MATTHEW FRANKLIN,
lawyer, was born Nov. 1, 1853, in Lock-
port, N. Y. He received the rudiments of
his education in the high school of Ann
Arbor, Mich., and subsequently graduated
from the university of Michigan. He is a
successful lawyer of Petoskey, Mich., has
been city assessor, circuit court commis
sioner for two terms, and has filled vari
ous public positions of trust in his county
and state.
GUION, JOHN J., was born in 1801 in
Natchez, Miss. He was a member of the
state senate and president of that body,
and also a judge of the criminal court.
In 1851 he was governor pro tern, of the
state, and subsequently a judge of the dis
trict court of the state. He died June 26,
1855, at Vicksburg, Miss.
GULDIN, JOHN C., clergyman, com
poser, was born in 1799 in Bucks county,
Pa. He was known as the Apostle to the
Germans. He superintended the German
publications of the American Tract 'so
ciety, and was the chief editor of the
hymn-book that has since been adopted
by the presbyterian church for the use of
its German congregations. He died in
1863 in New York city.
GULICK, PETER JOHNSON, mission
ary, was born March 12, 1797, in Freehold,
N. J. In 1827 he left Boston for the Ha
waiian islands under commission of the
American board of commissioners for for
eign missions, and was stationed on vari
ous islands of the Hawaiian kingdom.
In 1874 he went to Japan, and there
passed the last days of his life with a
s.on who was also a missionary. He died
Dec. 8, 1877, in Japan.
GULLETT, ALEXANDER, soldier, law
yer, miner, was born June 26, 1845, near
Union City, Ind. In 1862 he enlisted in
company F, sixty-ninth regiment Indiana
volunteer infantry, and was honorably
discharged as corporal on July 5, 1865. He
served with distinction and was wounded
at Thompson's Hill, in rear of Vicksburg.
After the war he was engaged in educa
tional work and subsequently admitted to
the bar. In 1874 he became prosecuting
attorney for the counties of Randolph and
Delaware, Ind.; and practiced law at Win
chester until 1880. He then moved to
Colorado and has since been successfully
engaged in the practice of law at Gunni-
son. He is a prominent leader in the re
publican party, was a delegate to the na
tional republican convention in 1884, and
chairman of the republican state conven
tion in 1890. In 1896 he received the nom
ination for attorney-general.
GUMMERE, FRANCIS BARTON, edu
cator, author, was born in 1855 in New
Jersey. He is a professor of English in
Haverford college, Pennsylvania; and the
author of The Anglo-Saxon Metaphor;
Handbook of Poetics; and Germanic Ori
gins, a study in Primitive Culture.
GUMMERE, JOHN, educator, author,
was born in 1784 in Willow Grove, Pa.
He was an educator of Burlington, N. J.,
and the author of Treatise on Surveying;
and Theoretical and Practical Astronomy.
He died May 31, 1845, in Burlington, N. J.
GUMMERE, SAMUEL R., educator, au
thor, was born March 3, 1789, in Horsham,
Pa. He was an educator of Burlington,
and the author of Treatise on Geography;
and Compendium of Elocution. He died
Sept. 13, 1866, in Burlington, N. J.
GUNCKEL. LOUIS B., was born Oct.
15, 1826, in Germantown, Ohio. He was a
member of the senate of Ohio in 1862-65,
and was a presidential elector in 1864. He
was appointed United States commission
er to investigate Indian frauds, in 1871,
and was elected to the forty-third congress
as a republican.
GUNN, JAMES, United States senator,
was born in 1739 in Virginia. He was a
senator of the United States from Georgia
from 1789 to 1801. He died July 30, 1801,
in Louisville, Ga.
GUNN, JAMES, soldier, state senator,
congressman, was born March 6, 1843, in
New York. He volunteered as a private in
company G, twenty-seventh Wisconsin in
fantry, with which regiment he served
until the close of the war, being mustered
out with the rank of captain. In 1880 he
joined the rush of prospectors to Idaho,
making the town of Hailey, in Wood
River Valley, his home. He was elected
to the senate of the first state legislature
in 1890; and was elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a populist.
GUNNELL, ALLEN THOMSON, law
yer, jurist, legislator, was born Jan. 29,
1848, in Saline county, Mo. He received
his education at the Bethany college, of
West Virginia. He has been judge of
Lake county, Colo.; was a member of
the Colorado state legislature in 1879;
and during 1891-95 served with distinction
as state senator. In 1896 he was a presi
dential elector. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of Colorado, and has a lucrative
practice in Colorado Springs.
GUNNING, JOSIAH HENRY, clergy
man, college president, inventor, was born
March 1, 1840, in England. He has filled
pastorates in the baptist churches of New
York city and New Jersey, and for five
years was president of the college of Phy
sicians and Surgeons of Boston. He in
vented and patented an instrument known
as the pulsating pen.
GUNNISON, ALMON, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1844 in Maine. He
is a universalist clergyman of prominence,
and the author of Rambles Overland, a
Trip Across the Continent; and Wayside
and Fireside Rambles.
GUNNISON, ELISHA NORMAN, jour
nalist, poet, was born in 1837 in Massa
chusetts. He was a journalist of York,
Pa., who published One Summer Dream,
and Other Poems; and Our Stars. He
died in 1880.
GUNNISON, JOHN WILLIAMS, civil
engineer, author, was born in 1812 in
New Hampshire. He was a civil engineer
killed by Mormons and Indians while
making railway surveys in Utah. A His
tory of the Mormons was his only pub
lished work. He died Oct. 26, 1853, near
Sebier Lake, Utah.
GUNSAULUS, FRANK WAKELEY,
clergyman, author, was born in 1856 in
Ohio. He is a congregational clergyman
of Chicago, and the author of The Meta
morphosis of a Creed; The Transfigura
tion of Christ; Monk and Knight, an His
torical Study in Fiction; Phidias, and
Other Poems; October at Eastwood; and
Songs of Night and Day.
GUNSTER, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born Sept.
15, 1845, in Prussia. He has served as
district attorney of Lackawanna county
and as law judge. He has served as a
member of the Pennsylvania state legis
lature from Scranton, Pa.
GUNTER, ARCHIBALD CLAVERING,
author. He is a writer of popular sensa
tional romances quite destitute of liter
ary merit, and the author of Mr. Barnes of
New York; Mr. Potter of Texas; The
First of the English; and The Ladies' Jug
gernaut.
GUNTER, THOMAS M., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 18, 1826, in
middle Tennessee. In 1853 he began the
practice of law in Fayetteville, Ark. He
was a delegate to the state convention of
1861; served in the confederate army as
a colonel, and was prosecuting attorney
from 1866 to 1868. He successfully con
tested the seat of W. W. Wilshire in the
forty-third congress, and was re-elected to
the forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth
and forty-seventh congresses as a demo
crat.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY,
431
GURLEY, HENRY H., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1787 in Leba
non, Conn. He was a representative in
congress from Louisiana from 1823 to
1831. He previously held the office of
United States judge for the district court
of Louisiana. He died in 1832.
GURLEY, JOHN A., clergyman, jour
nalist, congressman, governor, was born
. Dec. 9, 1813, in East Hartford, Conn. He
was settled as a preacher at Methuen.
Mass., from 1834 to 1837, when he removed
to Cincinnati, Ohio, where for fifteen
years he published a paper called the Star
of the West. In 1858 he was elected a
representative from Ohio to the thirty-
sixth congress; and re-elected to the thir
ty-seventh congress. In 1862 he was ap
pointed governor of Arizona. He died
Aug. 19, 1863, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
GURLEY, PHINEAS DENSMORE,
clergyman, was born Nov. 12, 1816, in
In 1859 he was chosen
chaplain of the Unit
ed States senate. He
numbered among his
regular hearers sev
eral presidents of the
United States, among
them Mr. Lincoln, at
whose death-bed he
was present, and
whose funeral ser
mon he delivered.
He took an active
part in the negotia
tions that resulted in
of the old-school and new-
of the presbyterian
Hamilton, N. Y.
the union
school branches
church. He died Sept. 30, 1868, in Wash
ington, D. C.
GURLEY, RALPH RANDOLPH, clergy
man, was born May 26, 1797, in Lebanon,
Conn. From 1822 till 1872 he acted as
the agent and secretary of the American
Colonization society, visited Africa three
times in its interests, and was one of tKte
founders of Liberia. He died July 30, 1872,
in Washington, D. C.
GURLEY, ZENAS HOVEY, educator,
clergyman, legislator, orator, was born
Feb. 24, 1842, in Hancock county, 111. He
received a thorough
education in the
schools of Illinois
and Wisconsin, and
became a successful
educator and school
director. He at
tained eminence as a
clergyman and is a
brilliant speaker. He
served with distinc
tion as a member of
the twenty-fifth and
twenty-sixth general
assemblies of the Iowa state legislature;
was chairman of the committee on claims;
a member of the committee on ways and
means, appropriations, code revisions, in
surance, mines and mining, constitutional
amendments, municipal corporations, and
penitentiaries. He possesses the courage
of his convictions, and is an able and elo
quent advocate before the people.
GURNEY, FRANCIS, soldier, merchant,
state senator, was born in 1738 in Bucks
county, Pa. He was a merchant of Phil
adelphia. He became president of the city
council, and served as a representative
and as a senator in the state legislature.
He died May 25, 1815.
GUROWSKI, ADAM, was born Sept. 10,
1805, in Poland. He was a Polish count
who came to the United States in 1849,
and was employed as a translator in the
state department at Washington. He was
the author of A Year of the War (1855);
America and Europe; Slavery in History;
and My Diary. He died May 4, 1866, in
Washington, D. C.
GURTEEN, STEPHEN HUMPHREYS
VILLIERS, clergyman, author, was born
in 1840 in England. He is an episcopal
clergyman of Buffalo, Toledo and else
where; and prominent as an organizer of
charities. He is the author of Phases of
Charity; Provident Schemes; What Is
Charity Organization; How Paupers Are
Made; Casuistry; The Arthurian Epic;
and Epic of the Fall of Man.
GUSTAFSON, AXEL— CARL JOHAN—
author, was born about 1847 in Sweden.
He is a Swedish writer who came to the
United States in 1868, and has published
The Foundation of Death; a Study of the
Drink Question; The Drink Problem; and
Some Thoughts on Moderation.
GUSTAFSON, MRS. ZADEL (BARNES)
(BUDDINGTON), author, poet, was born
about 1841 in Middletown, Conn. She is
the author of Meg: a Pastoral and Other
Poems; Can the Old Love? a novel; and
Genevieve Ward, a Biography.
GUSTINE, AMOS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1841 to 1843. He died
March 3, 1844, in Lost Creek Valley, Pa.
GUTHEIM, JAMES KOPPEL, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 15, 1817, in
Westphalia. He was a Jewish clergyman
of New Orleans who published The Tem
ple Pulpit, a volume of sermons; and a
translation of Gratz's History of the Jews.
He died May 11, 1886, in New Orleans, La.
GUTHERZ, CARL, artist, was born in
1844, in Switzerland. Since 1851 he has
resided in America, and has become noted
as a painter of relig-
^*- £ ious subjects. A
number of noted por
traits mark his art
istic career, and one
of his latest works
are the seven panels
in the ceiling of the
congressional read
ing rooms in the li
brary of congress,
representing the Pic
torial Spectrum of
Light. He exhibited
at the World's Columbian exposition his
Light of the Incarnation, a medley of
angels robed in all colors.
GUTHRIE, ALFRED, mechanical en
gineer, was born April 1, 1805, in Sher-
burne, N. Y. In 1846 he settled in Chi
cago, where he advanced the idea of sup
plying the summit level of the Illinois
and Michigan canal with water by raising
it from Lake Michigan with steam power.
The hydraulic works of this canal in Chi
cago were designed by him and construct
ed under his supervision. He died Aug.
17, 1882, in Chicago, 111.
GUTHRIE. EDWIN, physician, was
born Dec. 11, 1806, in Sherburne, N. Y.
Soon after the beginning of war with
Mexico, he raised a company of Iowa vol
unteers, of which he became captain, and
went to the seat of war. He died July 20,
1847, in Mexico.
GUTHRIE, JAMES, lawyer, banker,
United States senator, born Dec. 5, 1792, in
Nelson county, Ky. He served nine years
in the legislature of Kentucky, and six
years in the state senate. After originat
ing, he became president of the Louisville
and Nashville railroad. In 1853 he went
into President Pierce's cabinet as secre
tary of the treasury, and was a delegate
to the Chicago convention of 1864. He
was elected a senator in congress from
Kentucky, in 1865, for the term ending in
1871. He died March 13, 1869, in Louis
ville, Ky.
GUTHRIE, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, leg
islator, jurist, was born July 2, 1829, in
Switzerland county, Ind., of Scotch par
entage. In 1856 he was admitted to the
bar at Logansport, Ind., and the following
year was elected state's attorney for Cass
and Miami counties. During the civil
war he was captain of company B, forty-
sixth regiment Indiana volunteer infantry.
In 1865 he moved to Kansas, and in 1867-
69 served as a member of the Kansas leg
islature from the Topeka district. In 1872
he was elected presidential elector on the
republican ticket, and as messenger of
the electoral college delivered the vote of
the state to Schuyler Colfax, vice-presi
dent of the United States, at Washington.
In 1872 and in 1874 he was chairman of
the republican state central committee.
During 1885-93 this eminent lawyer served
with distinction as presiding judge of the
third judicial district of Kansas. He is a
prominent member of the Masonic order,
and in 1876 was elected grand master.
Guthrie, the capital of Oklahoma terri
tory, was named in honor of the Hon.
John Guthrie.
GUTHRIE, JOHN JULIUS, naval offi
cer, was born in 1814 in Washington, D.
C. He became a midshipman in 1834,
passed midshipman in 1838, and lieutenant
in 1842, and served in the Mexican war.
In 1861, at the beginning of the civil war,
he resigned his commission and entered
the confederate service. He died in No
vember, 1877, at sea near Cape Hatteras.
GUTHRIE, SAMUEL, chemist, invent
or, was born in 1782 in Brimfield, Mass.
He is said to have invented and first man
ufactured percussion-pills, which, with
caps, have entirely superseded the old
flint-lock fire-arm. He died Oct. 19, 1848,
in Sackett's Harbor, N. Y.
GUTHRIE, WILLIAM E., surgeon, was
born July 26, 1857, in Abingdon, 111. He
received his education at the Illinois Wes-
leyan university, the Rush Medical col
lege of Chicago, and at the medical de
partment of the university of Berlin. He
was county physician for four years, sur
geon of the Lake Erie and Western rail
road, and assistant surgeon of the Chicago
and Alton railroad; and surgeon of the
Deaconess hospital of Bloomington, 111.
GUY, CHARLES L., lawyer, state sen
ator, was born Jan. 6, 1856, in New York
city. He nominated David B. Hill for
governor at Saratoga in 1874. He has
served as a member of the New York
state senate from the thirteenth district.
GUY, WILFRED R., lawyer, legislator,
was born Feb. 12, 1860, in Elkton, Ohio.
He received his education at the Mount
Union college, Ohio, and graduated from
the university of Michigan in 1887. He
has attained success as an eminent law
yer of San Diego, Cal. He was a member
of the California state legislature during
the sessions of 1895 and 1897, and during
the latter session was chairman of the
committee on ways and means, and was
the leader of the republican majority of
the house. While a member of the legis
lature he rendered valuable service to the
cause of education by having established
the State Normal school of San Diego.
GUY, WILLIAM E., railroad president,
was born Dec. 22, 1844, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Since 1889 he has been the president of
the St. Louis and Eastern railroad.
GUYON, JAMES, congressman, was
born in 1777 in Richmond county, N. Y.
He represented Staten Island in the legis
lature of New York a number of years;
and was a member of congress from 1819
to 1821. He died March 8, 1846, on Staten
Island.
432
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
GUYOT, ARNOLD HENRY, educator,
author, was born Sept. 28, 1807, in Swit
zerland. He was a geographer of distinc
tion who came to America in 1849, and
from 1854 until his death was professor
of geography at Princeton college. He
was the founder of the Princeton museum,
and the author of Earth and Man; Crea
tion, or the Biblical Cosmogony in the
Light of Modern Science; Physical Geog
raphy; and Social Economy. He died Feb.
8, 1884, at Princeton, N. J.
GWIN, WILLIAM, naval officer, was
born Dec. 5, 1832, in Columbus, Ind. He
entered the navy as midshipman in 1847,
and was promoted until he was commis
sioned lieutenant in 1855, and lieutenant-
commander in 1862. He died Jan. 3, 1863,
on the Yazoo river, Mississippi.
GWIN, WILLIAM McKENDREE, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
Oct. 9, 1805, in Sumner, Tenn. He was
, appointed United
States marshal for
Mississippi, and was
elected a representa
tive in congress from
that state, serving
from 1841 to 1843. He
was commissioner ot
public buildings to
superintend the erec
tion of the New Or
leans custom house.
He was a member of
the convention for
framing the constitution of California,
and was one of the first United States sen
ators from that state, having been elected,
in 1850, for six years, and re-elected, in
3856, for the term which expired in 1861.
He died Sept. 3, 1885, in New York city.
GWINNETT, BUTTON, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born
about 1732 in England. He was a delegate
to the continental congress from 1775 to
1776, and was one of the signers of the
declaration of independence. In 1777 he
was a member of the convention to form
a state constitution for Georgia. He was
re-elected to congress, but, having fought
a duel with General Mclntosh, was mor
tally wounded, and died May 27, 1777, in
Georgia.
HABBERTON, JOHN, journalist, au
thor, was born Feb. 24, 1842, In Brooklyn,
N. Y. He Is a journalist of New York city
whose first book, Helen's Babies, enjoyed
a popularity. His subsequent writings In
clude Other People's Children; The Bar
ton Experiment; The Jericho Road; Who
Was Paul Grayson? The Scripture Club of
Valley Rest; The Bowsham Puzzle; Brue-
ton's Bayou; Country Luck; Grown-Up
Babies; Life of Washington; Some Folks;
My Mother-in-Law; Mrs. Mayburn's
Twins; The Worst Boy in Town; The
Chautauquans; All He Knew; Honey and
nail; and The Lucky Lover.
HABERSHAM, ALEXANDER WYLLY,
naval officer, merchant, author, was born
March 24, 1826, in New York city. He
was a naval officer who in later life was
a tea merchant in Japan, and the author of
My Last Cruise, an Account of the United
States North Pacific Exploring Expedi
tion. He died March 26, 1883, in Balti
more, Md.
H. \HERSHAM, JAMES, educator, mer
chant, statesman, was born in 1712 In
England. In 1767 he was one of the presi
dents of the upper house of assembly,
and in 1769-72 he officiated as governor
during the absence of Sir James Wright.
He raised at Bethesda the first cotton in
the state. He died Aug. 28, 1775, In New
Brunswick, N. J.
HABERSHAM, JOHN, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1754 in Savannah,
Ga. He was a member of the first regi
ment ever formed in Georgia; member of
the continental congress in 1785 and 1786;
and collector of the port of Savannah from
1789 to 1799. He died Nov. 19, 1799, near
Savannah, Ga.
HABERSHAM, JOSEPH, soldier, con
gressman, was born July 28, 1751, in Sa
vannah, Ga. He served with distinction
in the revolutionary
war as a lieutenant-
colonel. He was a
delegate from
Georgia to the conti
nental congress from
1785 to 1786; and a
member of the state
assembly. He was
appointed postmast
er-general in 1795,
and, having been
continued in office
by Presidents Ad
ams and Jefferson, resigned in 1802, when
he became a president of the branch bank
of the United States at Savannah, which
he held until his death. He died Nov. 17,
1815, in Savannah, Ga.
HABERSHAM, RICHARD WYLLY,
lawyer, congressman, was born in 1786 in
Savannah, Ga. He was a representative
in congress from Georgia from 1839 to
1843. He died Dec. 2, 1842, in Clarkesville,
Ga.
HACKETT, HORATIO BALCH, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 27, 1808, in
Salisbury, Mass. He was a baptist cler
gyman, professor at Newton seminary,
Massachusetts, in 1839-70, and from 1870
till his death professor in Rochester semi
nary, New York. He was one of the
American revisers of the Bible, and editor
of Smith's Bible Dictionary. A Com
mentary on the Original Text of the Acts
of the Apostles is his chief work. Others
are, Memorials of Christian Men in the
War; and Illustrations of Scripture by a
Tour in the Holy Land. He died Nov. 2,
1875, in Rochester, N. Y.
HACKETT, THOMAS C., congressman,
was born in Georgia. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1849 to 1851, and was a member of the
committee on Indian affairs. He died Oct.
8, 1851, in Marietta, Ga.
HACKLEMAN, ELIJAH, educator, state
senator, was born Oct. 18, 1817, in Frank
lin county, Ind. In 1874 he was elected to
the Indiana state senate.
HACKLEMAN, PLEASANT AD AM, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, state legislator, was
born Nov. 15, 1814, in Franklin county,
Ind. In 1837 he was elected judge of the
probate court of Rush county, which office
he held till 1841, when he was elected
to the Indiana state house of representa
tives. He was made a brigadier-general
in 1862. He took an active part in the
battle of Corinth, where he was killed on
the second day. He died Oct. 4, 1862, near
Corinth, Miss.
HACKLEY, AARON, congressman, was
born in New Haven, Conn. He was a
member of the New York legislature in
1814, 1815, and 1818; and was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1819 to 1821.
HACKLEY, CHARLES ELIHU, physi
cian, author, was born Feb. 22, 1836, in
Unadilla, N. Y. He was surgeon in the
second United States cavalry in 1861-64,
and was surgeon-in-chief of the third cav
alry division, army of the Potomac. He
has translated Stellwag's Diseases of the
Eye; Nlemeyer's Practical Medicine; and
Billroth's Surgical Pathology.
HACKLEY, CHARLES WILLIAM, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born March
9, 1809, in Herkimer county, N. Y. He was
an episcopal clergyman who was profes
sor of mathematics at Columbia college
from 1843 until his death; and the author
of Treatise on Algebra; Elementary
Course in Geometry; and Elements of
Trigonometry. He died Jan. 10, 1861, in
New York city.
HACKNEY, EDWARD T., lawyer, state
legislator, was born Nov. 1, 1870, in Mt.
Pulaski, 111. He is a successful lawyer
of Wellington, Kan.; and in 1897 he was
elected a member of the Kansas state leg
islature.
HADDEN. ALEXANDER, physician,
was born July 24, 1833, in Montgomery,
N. Y. He studied medicine in New York
city, and in 1859 graduated from the Col
lege of Physicians and Surgeons with the
degree of M. D. He then served one term
as a member of the house staff of the
Bellevue hospital, and then commenced
the practice of his profession in New York
city. He has been connected with some
of the leading hospitals, and for thirty
years has been connected with the North
Eastern dispensary, of which he was one
of the organizers.
HADDOCK, CHARLES BRICKETT, ed
ucator, author, was born June 20, 1796, in
Franklin, N. H.; a nephew of D. Webster.
He was a professor of rhetoric at Dart
mouth college in 1819-50, and charge
d'affaires in Portugal in 1850-54. He or
iginated the railway system of New
Hampshire, and also the system of com
mon schools in that state. His Addresses
and Miscellaneous Writings appeared in
1846. He died Jan. 15, 1861, in West Leb
anon, N. H.
HADDOCK, GEORGE CHANNING,
clergyman, journalist, poet, was born Jan.
23, 1832, in Watertown, N. Y. While
endeavoring to enforce the prohibi
tion laws of Iowa he was assassinat
ed in Sioux City. He published sev
eral fugitive poems that became popu
lar, including Autumn Leaves; The
Skeleton Guest; and The Cross of Gold.
His Life was published by his son in 1887.
He died Aug. 3, 1886, in Sioux City, Iowa.
HADLEY, ARTHUR TWINING, edu
cator, author, was born April 23, 1856,
in New Haven, Conn. He has been a
professor of political science at Yale uni
versity since 1886. He is the author of
Private Property and Public Welfare:
Railroad Transportation, Its History and
Laws; and Report on the System of
Weekly Payments.
HADLEY, HIRAM, educator, college
president, author, was born March 17,
1833, in Clinton county, Ohio. He re
ceived his education at the Friends' acad
emy, Friends' boarding school, Earlham
college, and Haverford college. With the
exception of ten years with the pub
lishing house of Charles Scribner and
Company, Prof. Hadley has been an active
educator. He has served Wayne county.
Ind., as a county examiner for several
years; organized and conducted the first
long Teachers' institute in Indiana; was
active in developing Indiana's school sys
tem; and has been a pioneer in many
good educational movements. He has
been principal of several academies; for
six years was president of the New Mexico
college of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts;
and since 1894 has been acting president
of the university of New Mexico. He is
the author of Hadley's Lessons in Lan
guage, and other works.
HADLEY, HORACE L., lawyer, legis
lator, was born May 7, 1837, in Sandwich,
N. H. During 1882 he was representative
in the Ohio state legislature from Fay-
ette county.
KRRINOBHAW'8 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN RUH1KA1MI Y.
433
HADLEY, JAMES, philologist, author,
was born March 30, 1821, in Fail-field, N.
Y. He was a philologist who was Greek
professor at Yale university in 1848-72;
and the author of Lectures on Roman
Law; A Greek Grammar; Elements of
the Greek Language; Essays, Philological
and Critical; and Brief History of the
English Language. He died Nov. 14, 1872,
in New Haven, Conn.
HADLEY, WILLIAM F. L., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
June 15, 1847, near Collinsville, 111. In
1886 he was elected as a republican to the
state senate. He has always taken an
active part in all matters tending to ad
vance the interests of the republican
party; has been a delegate to the various
conventions of his party, and was one of
the four delegates at large from Illinois
to the republican national convention at
Chicago in 1888 which nominated Benja
min Harrison. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a republican to
fill a vacancy.
HADLOCK, WILLIAM EDWIN, soldier,
merchant, state senator, was born Oct. 26,
•1834, in Cranberry Isles, Maine. He served
in the war as lieutenant-colonel; was
twice elected state senator from Hancock
county.
HADSALL, HENRY S., educator, law
yer, state senator, was born Oct. 14, 1858,
in Batavia, N. Y. He is a successful law
yer of Owosso, Mich.; and during 1897-
98 served as a member of the Michigan
state senate.
HAENSLER, ARMINTA VICTORIA
SCOTT, physician, lecturer, author, was
born July 27. 1842. in Kinsman, Ohio. She
received her educa-
! tion at the Kinsman
academy, Western
Reserve seminary;
and was a graduate
of Oberlin college,
and the Woman's
Medical college of
Pennsylvania. She
has been resident
physician to the
Mission hospital;
gynaecologist to the
Stockton sanitarium;
consulting gynaecologist to the Pennsyl
vania Asylum for the Insane; and con
sulting physician to the Woman's Chris
tian association. She has served with dis
tinction as lecturer to the Woman's Chris
tian association; and lecturer to the
Working Women's club.
HAFER, GEORGE, railroad president.
Since 1885 he has been president of the
Cincinnati. Lebanon and Northern rail
way.
HAFFORD, FERRIS S., educator, lec
turer, poet, was born March 23, 1857, In
Fremont. Ohio. In 1884 he was called
to fill the chair of mathematics in Battle
Creek college, Michigan. He next made a
tour through western Michigan and north
ern Ohio, lecturing on science. In 1893
he received the degree of bachelor of arts.
He was connected with the Milton acad
emy in the state of Oregon, and is now
professor of Greek in the college of
Healdsburg, California. He is the author
of a volume of poems entitled The Revel
lers.
HAGA, GODFREY, philanthropist, state
legislator, was born Nov. 30, 1745, in Wur-
temberg. He was a member of the Phila
delphia city council in 1797-1800; and of
the Pennsylvania legislature in 1800-1.
He bequeathed an estate valued at $350,-
000 to charitable purposes. He died Feb.
5. 1825, in Philadelphia, Pa.
28
HAGANS, JOHN MARSHALL, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 13, 1838, in
Brandonville, Va. He was elected prose
cuting attorney for
Monongalia county,
W. Va., in 1862; was
re-elected in 1863
and 1864, and again
in 1870. He was ap
pointed law reporter
of the supreme court
of appeals of West
Virginia in 1864, and
held the position un
til 1873. He was the
elector on the repub
lican ticket for the
second congressional district during the
presidential contest in 1868; and was
elected a delegate for the county of Mon
ongalia to the convention which framed
the present constitution of West Virginia
in 1871. He was elected to the forty-third
congress in 1872, as a republican.
HAGAR, GEORGE .!.. journalist, au
thor, was born in 1847, in Newark, N. .1.
He was news editor of Frank Leslie's Il
lustrated Newspaper for fifteen years. He
contributed to Appleton's Encyclopaedia
of American Biography in 1886 and 1888;
was associate editor of the Columbian En
cyclopedia from 1888 to 1893; and one
of the editorial revisers of Johnson's Uni
versal Encyclopaedia from 1893 to 1895.
He compiled the greater part of The His
tory of the United States in Chronological
Order; edited The Columbian Annual for
1892: compiled the Living Topics Cyclo
paedia in 1886; and since 1886 has con
tributed American obituaries and other
articles in Appleton's Annual Encyclo
pedia.
HAGEMAN, SAMUEL MILLER, clergy
man, author, poet, was born in 1848 in
New Jersey. He is a presbyterian clergy
man who has published Once, a novel:
and several volumes of poems, including
Vesper Voices: Greenwood and Other
Poems; Silence: and Saint Paul.
HAGEMEYER, GEORGE, merchant,
manufacturer, was born in 1837. He was
the pioneer hardwood lumber merchant
of New York city. He died June 14. 1892,
in Cornwall, N. Y.
HAGEN, HERMANN AUGUST, entom
ologist, author, was born in 1817. He was
an entomologist of prominence who came
to Cambridge from Konigsberg in 1870,
and was professor of comparative zoology
at Harvard university. He is the author
of Catalogue of Neuropterous Insects in
the British Museum; Synopsis of the
Neuroptera of North America; North
American Astacidae: and Some Insect De
formities. He died in 1893.
HAGEN, THEODOR VON, musician,
author, was born April 15, 1823, in Ger
many. He was a musician who came to
New York city from Germany in 1854;
and was the author of Civilisation und
Musik; and Musikalische Novellen. He
died Dec. 27, 1871, in New York city.
HAGER, A. L., lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born Oct. 29, 1850, near
Jamestown, N. Y. He was elected to the
Iowa state senate; and was elected to the
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses and
re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
republican.
HAGER. ALBERT DAVID, geologist,
author, was born Nov. 1, 1817, in Vermont.
He was a geologist; and since 1877 librari
an of the Chicago Historical society. He
was the author of Geology of Vermont;
and Economic Geology of Vermont. He
died July 29, 1888, in Chicago, 111.
HAGER, JOHN SHARPENSTEIN, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, was
born March 12, 1818, in Morris county,
N. .T. He moved to California in 1849: and
in 1852 was elected to the state senate,
and served two years. In 1855 he was
elected state judge for the district of San
Francisco, and served six years. In 1865
and in 1867 he was elected to the state
senate and served six years; and in 1871
was elected a regent of the university of
California. He was elected to the United
States senate in 1874-75 to fill a vacancy.
HAGER, MRS. LUCIE CAROLINE
LGILSONJ, author, was born in 1853 in
Massachusetts. She is a Massachusetts
writer who has published Boxborough, a
New England Town and Its People.
HAGER, PETER V., soldier, was born
Aug. 28, 1815, in Washington, D. C. He
served with distinction in the Mexican
and civil wars, and attained the rank of
brigadier-general.
HAGERMAN, JAMES J., railroad presi
dent, was born in 1838 in Canada. He is
president of the Pecos Valley railway at
Colorado Springs, Colo.
HAGERT. HENRY SCHEI.L, lawyer,
poet, was born May 2, 1826, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a noted lawyer of Phila
delphia; and the author of a volume of
Poems, with Memoir by C. A. Lagen.
He died Dec. 18, 1885, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HAGGARD, ALFRED MARTIN, cler
gyman, educator, college president, was
born April 11, 1851, near Cedar Rapids,
Iowa. For twenty years he has been a
clergyman, and in 1889-92 was president
of the Oskaloosa college.
HAGNER, A. B., lawyer, jurist, was
born July 13, 1826, in Washington, D. C.
He settled in Annapolis, Md., in the prac
tice of law: and in 1850 was judge-advo
cate of a naval court of inquiry. In 1864
he was a special judge in Prince George's
county, Md.; and in 1876 was judge-advo
cate of a general court martial held at
San Francisco, Cal. In 1854 he was a rep
resentative in the Maryland legislature;
and in 1879 was appointed an associate
justice of the supreme court of the Dis
trict of Columbia.
HAGOOD, JOHNSON, lawyer, was born
in 1771 in West Virginia. He practiced
law until 1813, and attained note in his
profession. He also devoted much atten
tion to natural sciences, was interested
in the study of electricity and galvanism.
He died in 1816 in Charleston, S. C.
HAGUE, ARNOLD, geologist, author,
was born Dec. 3, 1840, in Boston, Mass.
He is a geologist in the government ser
vice; and the author of Volcanoes of Cali
fornia, Oregon, and Washington; Vol
canic Rocks of th4 Great Basin; Nevada,
with Notes on the Geology of the District;
Volcanic Rocks of Salvador; and Crystal
lization in the Igneous Rocks of Washoe.
HAGUE, JAMES DUNCAN, civil en
gineer, author, was born Feb. 24, 1836, In
Boston, Mass. He is an engineer attached
to the United States geological survey
who has published a work on Mining In
dustry.
HAGUE, MRS. PARTHENIA ANTOIN
ETTE [VARDAMAN], author, was born
in 1838 in Georgia. She is a Florida writ
er; and the author of A Blockaded Fam
ily; and Life in Southern Alabama during
the Civil War.
HAGUE, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 4, 1808, in Pelham, N. Y.
He was a baptist clergyman of Boston and
elsewhere. He was the author of Chris
tianity and Statesmanship; The Baptist
Church Transplanted from the Old World
to the New; Guide to Conversion; Home
Life; Authority of the Christian Sabbath;
Self-Witnessing Character of the New
Testament; Ralph Waldo Emerson; and
Life Notes, or Fifty Years' Outlook. He
died Aug. 1, 1887, in Boston, Mass.
434
HKKRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HAHN, EMIL, musician, composer, was
born in September, 1854, in St. Joseph,
Mo. He is a successful musician of Bur
lington, Iowa; and is the author of
an operetta and a number of songs. He is
also the author of several instrumental
compositions for the piano, the most
notable of which is The Forest Flower
Waltzes.
HAHN, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1815 to 1817.
HAHN, MICHAEL, soldier, lawyer,
journalist, congressman, governor, United
States senator, was born Nov. 24, 1830, in
Bavaria, Germany. During the civil war
he served in the union cause; was elected
to congress in 1862; was inaugurated
governor in 1864; and in 1865 became a
United States senator. In 1867 he was the
organizer and the chief editor of the New
Orleans Republican. He has been super
intendent of the United States mint in
New Orleans; and in 1876 became judge
of the twenty-sixth judicial circuit; and
was a representative in the thirty-ninth
congress. He died March 15, 1886.
HAIDT, JOHN VALENTINE, artist
and evangelist, was born Oct. 4, 1700, in
Germany. When he was forty years of
age he united with the Moravian church
and devoted himself to painting portraits
of its clergymen and other pictures, the
majority of which represented scriptural
incidents. He died Jan. 18, 1780, in Beth
lehem, Pa.
HAIGHT, CHARLES, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 4, 1838, at
Colt's Neck, N. J. He was elected to the
New Jersey legislature in 1861 and 1862,
and was chosen speaker in the latter
year. He was commissioned a brigadier-
general of militia in 1861, and rendered
effective service in raising troops for tne
war. In 1866 he was elected a repre
sentative from New Jersey to the fortieth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
first congress as a democrat.
HAIGHT, CHARLES C., architect. He
designed the new buildings of Columbia
college and the General Theological semi
nary.
HAIGHT, EDWARD, merchant, banker,
Congressman, was born March 26, 1817, In
New York city. In 1860 he was elected a
representative from New York to the
thirty-seventh congress, serving on the
committee on manufactures.
HAIGHT, FLETCHER M., jurist. He
was an emigrant to California; and was
appointed United States judge for that
district.
HAIGHT, HENRY HUNTLEY, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, governor, was born
May 20, 1805, in Rochester, N. Y. He
graduated at Yale
college in 1844, stud
ied law, and was ad
mitted to the bar of
St. Louis in 1846. He
settled to practice
law in San Francisco
in 1850; was ap
pointed United
States district judge
of California, by
President Lincoln;
and was elected gov
ernor of California
in 1867, serving until 1871. He died Sept.
2, 1878, in San Francisco, Cal.
HAIGHT, THERON WILDER, lawyer,
jurist, was born in the state of New York.
He Is a successful lawyer of Waukesha,
Wis. ; for many years a justice of the
peace; and has been secretary of the
Wisconsin stato board of charities and
reforms.
HAILE, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in 1797. He was a member of con
gress from Mississippi from 1826 to 1828.
He died March 7, 1837, in Woodville, Misb.
HAILEY, JOHN, congressman, was
born Aug. 29, 1835, in Smith county, Tenn.
He was elected delegate from Idaho to
the forty-third congress; in 1880 was
elected a member of the legislative coun
cil of Idaho, and was president of the
council; and in 1884 was elected dele
gate from Idaho to the forty-ninth con
gress as a democrat.
HAIN, HARRY H., journalist, was born
in 1873 near Liverpool, Pa. He has filled
many positions of trust; and is a prom
inent member of various fraternal orders,
and is now the editor of The Record of
Duncannon, Pa.
HAINER, EUGENE J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 16, 1851, in Hun
gary. He moved to Aurora, Neb., in 1877,
where he has since resided, and engaged
in the practice of law. He was elected to
the fifty-third congress, and was re-elected
to the fifty-fourth congress as a repub
lican.
HAINES, ALANSON AUSTIN, clergy
man, author, was born March 18, 1830,
in Hamburg, N. J. In 1873 he was ap
pointed engineer of the Palestine Explor
ation society, and in that capacity visited
the Holy Land, Egypt, and Turkey, mak
ing maps, sketches of oriental scenery,
and transcripts of rock inscriptions. He
is the author of a History of the Fifteenth
Regiment of New Jersey Volunteers.
HAINES, CHARLES D., railroad build
er, congressman, was born June 9, 1856, in
Medusa, N, Y. He was president of and
built the only two street railway systems
in the state of Vermont; and is now or
has been president of eighteen street and
steam railway companies. In 1888 h« lo
cated in Kinderhook, and built the Kind-
erhook and Hudson railway. He was
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
democrat.
HAINES, DANIEL, jurist, governor,
was born Jan. 6, 1801, in New York city.
He was elected governor of New Jersey in
1843, serving one year; and in 1848 was
again elected, and continued in office until
1851. He afterward served as a judge of
the supreme court. He died Jan. 26, 1877,
in Hamburg, N. J.
HAINES, RICHARD TOWNLEY, mer
chant, was born May 21, 1795, in Eliza
beth, N. J. He was one of the founders
of the American Tract society. He was
the first president of the board of trustees
of the Union Theological seminary in
New York city. He died Aug. 21, 1870, in
Elizabeth, N. J.
HAINES, THOMAS JEFFERSON, sol
dier, mathematician, was born Oct. 26,
1827, in Portsmouth, N. H. He was as
sistant professor of mathematics in West
Point; and major and brevet brigadier-
general in the United States army in
1865. He died Aug. 14, 1883, in Hartford,
Conn.
HAIRE, NORMAN W., lawyer, jurist,
was born Feb. 24, 1855, in Columbia, Mich.
He served as prosecuting attorney of his
county for four years; and since 1891 has
been circuit judge at Ironwood, Mich.
HAISH, JACOB, merchant, inventor,
was born March 9, 1826, in Germany. He
has about thirty patents of various kinds,
many of them relating to fence wire. The
Haish Manufacturing Co., of which he is
controlling owner, is now an important
industry of De Kalb, 111.
HALDEMAN, RICHARD J., journalist,
congressman, was born May 19, 1831, In
Harrisburg, Pa. He was elected to the
forty-first congress, and re-elected to the
forty-second congress as a democrat.
HALDEMAN, SAMUEL STEHMAN,
philologist, author, was born Aug. 12,
1812, in Locust Grove, Pa. He was a pro
fessor of compara
tive philology in the
university of Penn
sylvania in 1869-81.
He was the author
-of Zoological Con
tributions; Analytic
al Orthog raphy;
Word -Building;
Tours of a Chess
Knight; Elements of
Latin Pronuncia
tion; Pennsylvania
Dutch; Outlines of
Etymology: Affixes in Their Origin and
Application: and Rhymes of the Poets
He died in 1880.
HALDERMAN, JOHN ADAMS, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born April
15, 1833, was brought up and educated to
the bar of Kentucky, whence he emigrat
ed to Kansas in 1854. In his new home he
opposed slavery, and was successively
judge of the probate court, mayor of the
city of Leavenworth two terms, member
of the house of representatives, state sen
ator, and regent of the state university.
He was major of the first regiment of in
fantry, and major-general of the Kansas
state forces in active service on the union
side during the war of the rebellion, and
attained the rank of brigadier-general.
After the war he traveled extensively in
western Europe, Greece, Turkey, Egypt,
and the Holy Land. In 1880 he was ap
pointed consul at Bangkok, and subse
quently promoted to the post of consul-
general by President Garfleld. In 1882 he
was further advanced to the station of
minister resident in Siam.
HALE, ANNE GARDNER, author, poet,
was born Aug. 2, 1823, in Newburyport,
Mass. She has attained a national repu
tation as a poet; and is the author of
several prose works, and a volume of
poems.
HALE, ARTEMAS, manufacturer, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 20.
1783, in Winchendon, Mass. He was a
representative in the legislature for sev
eral years, and a state senator in 1833
and 1834. In 1853 he was a member of
the state constitutional convention; and
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1845 to 1849. In 1864
he was a presidential elector.
HALE, BENJAMIN, educator, college
president, author, was born Nov. 23, 1797.
in Newburyport, Mass. In 1818 he grad
uated from Bowdoin
college, and subse
quently filled the
chair of mathematics
and natural philos
ophy in that insti
tution. In 1827 he
became professor of
chemistry and phar
macy in Dartmouth
college. In 1836 he
was elected presi
dent of Geneva col
lege in western New
York, and for ten years filled that posi
tion with honor. He was the author of
Introduction to the Mechanical Principles
of Carpentry; Scriptural Illustrations of
the Liturgy; Education in Its Relations
to a Free Government; and Historical
Notices of Geneva College. He died July
15, 1863, in Newburyport, Mass.
HALE, CHARLES, journalist, public of
ficial, was born June 7, 1831, in Boston.
Mass. He was United States consul to
Egypt from 1864 to 1870; and was assist
ant secretary of state from 1872 to 1874
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
435
HALE, CHARLES REUBEN, bishop,
coadjutor, of Springfield, 111., was born
March 14, 1837, in Lewiston, Pa. In 1886
he was appointed dean of Davenport. In
1892 he was consecrated bishop coadjutor
of Springfield. He is the author of The
Mozarabic Liturgy; The Universal Epis
copate; and Speeches and Addresses.
HALE, DAVID, journalist, philanthro
pist, was born April 25, 1791, in Lisbon,
Conn. He became the associate editor
and subsequently joint proprietor with
Gerald Hallock of the New York Journal
of Commerce. He contributed largely to
benevolent and religious enterprises, arid
for many years supported several mission
aries. He died Jan. 25, 1849, in Freder-
icksburg, Va.
HALE, EDWARD EVERETT, clergy
man, author, was born April 3, 1822, in
Boston, Mass. He is a prominent urii-
tarian clergyman of Boston, widely known
as a writer, whose literary activity cov
ers a wide field. Since 1856 he has been
pastor of the South Congregational church
of Boston. As a writer of short stories
he will, perhaps, be longest remembered,
his work in this direction including The
Man Without a Country; Ten Times One
Is Ten; In His Name; Mrs. Merriam's
Scholars; His Level Best; The Ingham
Papers; Four and Five; Crusoe in New
York; Christmas Eve and Christmas Day;
Christmas in Narragansett; Our Christ
mas in a Palace. Longer essays in fiction
are, Margaret Percival in America; Mr.
Tangier's Vacations; Ups and Downs;
Philip Nolan's Friends; The Fortunes of
Rachel. Other works of his are, Sketches
in Christian History; Kansas and Ne
braska; How to Do It; What Career?;
Gone to Texas; Seven Spanish Cities;
June to May, a collection of sermons;
Boys' Heroes; The Story of Massachu
setts; Sybaris and Other Homes; Sunday-
School Stories on the Golden Texts of
1889; For Fifty Years, a collection of
poems; A New England Boyhood, an
autobiographic work; Chautauquan His
tory of the United States; and If Jesus
Came to Boston.
HALE, EDWIN MOSES, physician, au
thor, was born Feb. 2, 1829, in Newport,
N. H. He is a Chicago physician, pro
fessor in the Homoeopathic college; and
the author of Pocket Manual of Domestic
Practice; Homoeopathic Materia Medica;
Treatment of Diseases of Women; and
Treatise on Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis.
HALE, ELLEN DAY, artist, was born
Feb. 11, 1855, in Worcester, Mass. She
has traveled in Spain and Italy, and has
resided in Paris and in London. Her pres
ent home is in Boston, where she has at
tained success in art.
HALE, ENOCH, physician, author, was
born Jan. 19, 1790, in Westhampton, Mass.
He was a physician in Boston; and the
author of History of the Spotted Fever
at Gardiner. Maine, in 1814; and Typhoid
Fever. He died Nov. 12, 1848, in Boston,
Mass.
HALE, EUGENE, lawyer, congressman.
United States senator, was born June 9,
1836, in Turner, Maine. He was appoint
ed attorney for Hancock county, Maine,
and was three times reappointed. In 1866
he was elected to the state legislature,
serving two years. In 1868 he was elected
a representative from Maine to the forty-
first congress, and was re-elected to the
forty-second, forty-third, and forty-fourth
cohgresses. He was re-elected to the
forty-fifth congress. He was elected a
United States senator from Maine for the
term of six years from March 4, 1881; and
was re-elected in 1887 and 1893. His term
expires in 1899.
HALE, FRANKLIN D., lawyer, state
senator, was born March 7, 1854, in Bar-
nett, Vt. He was educated at Northfield
high school and St. Johnsbury academy,
and graduated from the law department
of Michigan university in 1877, afterward
practicing law at Lewiston, Maine. He
was state's attorney for Essex county
from 1883-91, with the exception of one
term. He was a member of the house of
representatives in 1884, and of the sen
ate in 1886; was elected auditor of Ver
mont in 1892, and re-elected in 1894 and
1896. In 1881 he settled In Lunenburg,
Vt., where he has attained success as an
able lawyer.
HALE, GEORGE SILSBEE, lawyer, au
thor, was born Sept. 24, 1825, in Keene,
N. H. He was the editor of the sixteenth,
seventeenth and eighteenth volumes of the
United States Digest. He has written Me
moirs of Joel Parker.
HALE, HORATIO, lawyer, ethnologist,
author, was born May 3, 1817, in Newport.
N. H. He was a lawyer and ethnologist
of prominence who lived in Clinton, On
tario, from 1856. He was the author of
Ethnology and Philology; Indian Migra
tions as Evidenced by Language; and Re
port on the Blackfeet Tribes. He has
edited the Iroquois Book of Rites.
HALE, JAMES T., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in October, 1810, in
Bradford county, Pa. In 1851 he was ap
pointed president judge of the twentieth
judicial district of Pennsylvania. In 1858
he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the thirty-sixth congress:
and was re-elected to the thirty-seventh
and thirty-eighth congresses. He died
April 7, 1865, in Bellefonte, Pa.
HALE, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born June 3, 1636, in Charlestown, Mass.
During the Salem witchcraft trials in
1692 he attended the examinations of the
accused persons, and approved of the ju
dicial murders resulting from the charges.
He afterward published A Modest Inquiry
into the Nature of Witchcraft. He died
May 15, 1700.
HALE, JOHN BLACKWELL, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Feb. 27,
1831, in Hancock county, W. Va. He was
a representative in the Missouri legisla
ture from 1856 to 1858; and was a presi
dential elector in Missouri in 1860. He
was colonel of the sixty-fifth regiment
Missouri militia, and of the fourth pro
visional regiment of Missouri militia in
tne United States service during the civil
war. In 1884 he was elected a representa
tive from Missouri to the forty-ninth con
gress as a democrat.
HALE, JOHN PARKER, lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
1806, in Rochester, N. H. In
1832 he was elected
to the state legisla
ture; in 1834 was ap
pointed district at
torney for New
Hampshire, and re-
~1^B f appointed by Presi-
£•1 * dent Van Buren. In
i 1843 he was elected
a representative In
congress; and in
1846 was again elect
ed to the state legis
lature, and chosen
speaker. In 1847 he was elected a senator
in congress, and after serving until 1853
was again elected to the United States sen
ate in 1855; and in 1859 was re-elected for
the term ending in 1865. In 1852 he was
the free-soil candidate for vice-president
of the United States. In 1865 he was ap-
March 31,
pointed minister to Spain. He died Nov.
18, 1873, in Dover, N. H.
HALE, LUCRETIA PEABODY, author,
was born Sept. 2, 1820, in Boston, Mass.
She is a writer who is best known by her
humorous juvenile books; and is the au
thor of The Peterkin Papers; The Last
of the Peterkins. Her other works com
prise The Lord's Supper and Its Obser
vance; The Service of Sorrow; Sunday-
School Stories for Little Children; Fagots
for the Fireside, a collection of games;
The Struggle for Life, a Story of Home;
Art Needle Work; An Uncloseted Skele
ton; and The New Harry and Lucy.
HALE, NATHAN, patriot, was born
June 6, 1755, in Coventry, Conn. He was
sent by Washington, after the battle of
Long Island, to ascertain the strength and
position of the enemy, and was captured
and hanged as a spy. His last words
were, I only regret that I have but one
life to lose for my country. He died Sept.
22, 1776.
HALE, ROBERT BEVERLY, author,
was born in 1869 in Massachusetts. He
was the author of Elsie and Other Poems;
and Six Stories and Some Verses. He died
in 1895.
HALE, ROBERT SAFFORD, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Sept. 24,
1822, in Chelsea, Vt. He was judge of Es
sex county from 1856 to 1864; in 1859 was
appointed a regent of the university of
New York; and in 1860 was a presidential
elector. He was elected a representative
from New York to the thirty-ninth con
gress to fill a vacancy. He was a delegate
to the national union convention at Phila
delphia in 1866; and was re-elected to the
forty-third congress as a republican. He
died Dec. 14, 1881, in Elizabethtown, N. J.
HALE, SALMA, journalist, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, author, was born March
7, 1787, in Alstead, N. H. From 1812 to
1834, with the exception of a few years,
he was clerk of the supreme court of
Cheshire. He was a representative In
congress from 1817 to 1819; and afterward
practiced at the bar. He was a member
of the legislature from 1823 to 1825; and
secretary of the board of commissioners
under the treaty of Ghent. He was the
author of History of the United States:
and Annals of Keene. He died Nov. 19.
1866, in Somerville, Mass.
HALE, MRS. SARAH JOSEPHA
[BUELL], author, was born Oct. 24, 1788,
in Newport, N. H. She was a once well-
known writer of
Philadelphia who
was editor of The
Lady's Book for
forty years. She was
the author of Wom
an's Record, a large
biographical and crit
ical work, and her
most important.
Others are, The Gen-
ius of Oblivion, and
Other Poems; North
wood, a novel;
Sketches of American Character; Traits
of American Life; Flora's Interpreter;
The Way to Live Well; Grosvenor, a
Tragedy; Manners, or Happy Homes;
Love, or Woman's Destiny, with Other
Poems; The White Veil; The Judge, a
drama; Three Hours, or the Vigil of
Love; Harry Gray, a Sea Story; and
Alice Ray. a Romance in Rhyme. She
also edited cookery books, compilations,
annuals, and the letters of Madame de
S6vign6 and Lady Mary Wortley Mon
tagu. She died April 30, 1879. in Phila
delphia. Pa.
430
IIKHKING8HAWS KNi ' Yc 'I.. H'KI MA OF AMKR1CAN BIOGRAPHY.
HALE. SILAS W., soldier, merchant,
legislator, was born Sept. 18. 1844, in
Hhiffton. Ind. While teaching school he
enlisted in company
A, one hundred and
fifty-third regiment
Indiana volunteer
infantry, and was
made sergeant. He
has attained success
as a merchant; was
one of the organiz
ers of the Geneva
bank, of which he is
vice-president; and
has taken an active
part in the business
and public affairs of his city, county and
state. In 1886 he was elected to the state
senate of the Indiana state legislature.
HALK, SUSAN, author, was born Dec.
5, 1838, in Boston, Mass. She was co
author with her brother of the Family
Plight series of travels for young people.
She has also published The Life and Let
ters of Thomas Gold Appleton.
HALK. WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in 1764. He was one of the most in
fluential men in New Hampshire. He was
a member of congress from 1X09 to 1811,
and again from 1813 to 1817. He died
Nov. 8, 1848, in Dover, N. H.
HALE, WILLIAM, lawyer, state legis
lator, governor, was born Nov. IX, 1839,
in Iowa. He settled at Glenwood. Iowa,
in the practice of law; and was elected a
representative in the state legislature in
1863, and re-elected in 18H4, 1865. and
1866. He was a presidential elector in
1868; was chairman of the republican
central committee of the eighth and ninth
congressional districts for a number of
years; and in 1883 was appointed govern
or of Wyoming territory.
HALE. WILLIAM HA YARD, clergy
man, art critic, socialist, author, was born
April 6. 1869, in Richmond, Ind. He
founded the church of Our Savior of Mid-
illeborough, Mass.; and is a leader among
high church episcopalians. He is I he
author of The New Obedience, a most
notable socialistic document; Phillips
Hrooks, a Memorial; The Eternal Teach
er; The Making of the American Consti
tution; A Genesis of Nationality; and A
Plea for Social Submission to Christ.
HALE. WILLIAM HENRY, physician,
author, was born Sept. 5, 1852, in Belfast,
Ireland. He has been president of the
American Popular
Health association;
president of the
Polytechnic society
of Chicago; ' presi
dent of the Health
r. and Home Publish-
jMk ing company of Chi
cago; and is now
s9 general manager and
^^^^^fc i hief consulting phy-
I sician of the British
' «^l Medical institute of
Detroit, Mich. He is
an honorary member of the British Medi
cal and Surgical society: fellow of the
American Association of Physicians and
Surgeons; treasurer of the Michigan State
Association of Physicians and Surgeons;
treasurer of the Michigan Medical alliance;
and prominently identified with all the
leading medical bodies in America. He Is
the author of Hale's Eclectic Treatment,
a work of seven hundred pages; Rheu
matism and Skin Diseases; Respiration;
Diseases of the Eye; and various other
works.
HALEY. KLISHA, congressman, was
born in Connecticut. He was a rcpre-
r
*
sentative in congress from that state from
1835 to 1839.
HALEY, THOMAS PRESTON, clergy
man, author, was born April 19. 1832, in
Lafayette county, Mo. He fills a pastorate
in the First church of Kansas City, Mo.
He is the author of a work entitled The
Dawn of the Reformation.
HALFORD, ELIJAH WALKER, jour
nalist, statesman, was born Sept. 4. 1843,
in Nottingham. England. He is now ed
itor and proprietor of the Indianapolis
Journal. He was a delegate to the repub
lican national convention in 1888; and
during 1889-93 was private secretary to
the president of the United States.
HALL. ABRAHAM OAKEY. journal
ist, politician, author, was born in 1826
in New York. He was a prominent Tam
many politician of New York city, of
which he was at one time mayor. He was
subsequently on the staff of The World,
but for many years has lived in Europe.
He is the author of The Manhattaner in
New Orleans; The Congressman's Christ
mas Dream; Ballads; and Old Whitey's
Christmas Trot, a story for the holidays.
He died in October. 1X98. in New York
city.
HALL, ALEXANDER WILFOR1), phil
osopher, author, was born Aug. 18. 1819.
in Bath, N. Y. In 1X81 he established the
Microcosm, which he made the organ of
substantialism. which in modern meta
physics is the antithesis of speculative
idealism. He is the author of Problem of
Human Life: Immortality of the Soul:
and Scientific Arena.
HALL, ALLEN A., lawyer, journalist,
diplomat, was born in North Carolina. He
was charge d'affaires to Venezuela from
1841 to 1845; and assistant secretary of
the United States treasury in 1849 and
1X50. He edited the Republic at Wash
ington: afterward edited the Daily News
from 1X57 to 1859 at Nashville, Tenn.; and
was minister to Bolivia from 1863 to 1867.
He died May IX. 1X67. in Cochabamba,
Bolivia.
HALL. ANDREW DOUGLASS, physi
cian, was born July 2, 1883, in Hempstead,
N. Y. He has attained success as a phy
sician and surgeon in his native state.
HALL, ANNE, artist, was born May 26.
17JI2, in Pomfret, Conn. Her miniature
portrait of Garafilia Mohalbi, the Greek
girl, has been considered her masterpiece,
and has been engraved repeatedly. She
died Dec. 11, 1863, in New York city.
HALL. ANZONETTA CRABBE, physi
cian, reformer. She has attained success
as a reformer and physician of Soutli
Dakota; and was the first woman to
serve as judge of election in Dakota.
HALL. ARETHUSA. educator, author,
was born Oct. 13, 1802, in Huntington.
Mass. She was an educator in New Eng
land, and subsequently in the Packer in
stitute, Brooklyn. The poet Whittier was
one of her early pupils. She was the au
thor of Manual of Morals; Life of Syl
vester Judd; Memorials of S. Judd,
Senior: and Thoughts of Pascal, a trans
lation. She died in 1891.
HALL, ARTHUR CRAWSHAY ALLS-
TON, bishop, author, was born April 12,
1847, in England. He is the third protest-
ant episcopal bishop of Vermont. He was
for many years in charge of the mission
of the Cowley Fathers in Boston. He is
the author of Confession and the Lambeth
Conference: Meditations on the Creed;
Meditations on the Collects; and The
Example of the Passion.
HALL, ASAPH, astronomer was born
Oct. 15, 1829, in Goshen, Conn. In 1873
he was awarded the gold medal o! the
Royal Astronomical society of London for
his discoveries of double stars.
HALL, AUGUSTUS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born April 29, 1814, in
Batavia, N. Y. He was county attorney in
Ohio from 1840 to 1842; and moved to
Kessauque, Iowa, in 1844. He was a presi
dential elector in 1852; and in 1854 was
elected to the thirty-fourth congress from
Iowa. He was admitted to practice be
fore the supreme court of the United
States in 1857: and the same year was
chief justice of Nebraska. He died Feb.
1. 1X61. in Bellevue, Neb.
HALL. BAYNARD RUST, educator, au
thor, was born in 1798 in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was an educator of New Jersey
and New York; and the author of A
Latin Grammar; The New Purchase of
Life in the Far West, long a very popu
lar book; Something for Everybody;
Teaching a Science; The Teacher an Art
ist; and Frank Freeman's Barber Shop.
He died Jan. 23, 1863, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HALL, BENJAMIN FRANjvLIN, jurist,
author, was born in 1814, in New York.
He was a New York jurist, and was chief
justice of Colorado in 1861-64. He was
the author of The Land Owner's Manual;
The Republican Party; and Methodism,
Its Source and Power. He died in 1891.
HALL. BENJAMIN HOMER, lawyer,
author, was born Nov. 14, 1X30, in Troy,
X. Y. He was a lawyer of Troy, N. Y.,
and the author of College Words and
Customs; History of Eastern Vermont;
and Bibliography of the United States:
Vermont. He died in 1893.
HALL. BENTON J., lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Jan. 13, 1835,
in Mount Vernon, Ohio. He was a repre
sentative in the general assembly of the
state of Iowa in 1872 and 1873. He was
elected a senator in the general assembly
of Iowa for a term of four years, from
1882; and was elected a representative
from Iowa to the forty-ninth congress as a
democrat.
HALL, BOLLING. congressman, was
born in 1769. He was a member of con
gress from Georgia from 1X11 to 1X17. He
died March 25, 183fi, near Montgomery,
Ala.
HALL, CHAPIN, merchant, congress
man, was born July 12, 1816, in Ellicott,
N. Y. He was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the thirty-sixth con
gress.
HALL, CHARLES CUTHBERT, clergy
man, educator, author, was born in 1852
in New York. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman of New York city, pastor of the
First Presbyterian church, Brooklyn, in
1877-97; and from 1897 president of Union
Theological seminary. He is the author
of Does God Send Trouble? Into His Mar
velous Light; The Children, the Church,
and the Communion: Qualifications for
Ministerial Power; and The Gospel of the
Divine Sacrifice.
MALL, CHARLES FRANCIS, explorer,
author, was born in 1821 in Rochester, N.
H. He was an arctic explorer, and the
author of The Arctic Regions; Life
Among the Esquimaux; and Narrative of
the Second Arctic Expedition. He died
Nov. 8, 1871, in the arctic regions.
HALL, CHARLES HENRY, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 7, 1820, in Augusta,
Ga. He was an episcopal clergyman of
Brooklyn, rector of Holy Trinity church
in 1869-95, and the author of Commentar
ies on the Gospel; Protestant Ritualism;
Spina Christi; The Church of the House
hold; and Valley of the Shadow. He died
in 1895.
IIKUKlN(iSHA\VS KNCYCI..OPKPIA OF A.MKKICA.N
4::?
HALL, CHARLES HERSHALL. physi
cian, journalist, was born April 5, 1835, in
Newport. Ind. He settled in Salem, and
was in the government Indian service at
Fort Yarnhill in 1871-73, btit resigned in
1874 to become professor of the theory and
practice of medicine in Willamette uni
versity. Since 1876 he has edited the
Oregon Medical Journal.
HALL. CHARLES WINSLOW, lawyer,
author. He is a lawyer of Minnesota,
and the author of Arctic Rovings; Twice
Taken; Adrift in the Icefields; and Drift
ing Around the World.
HALL. CHRISTOPHER WEBBER,
geologist, author, was born Feb. 28, 1845.
in Wardsborough, Vt. He is a professor
of geology and mineralogy in the univer
sity of Minnesota at Minneapolis, from
1878, and dean of the college of Engi
neering. Metallurgy, and Mechanic Arts.
He has written many valuable profession
al papers, and a History of the University
of Minnesota.
HALL. DARWIN S.. soldier, journalist,
congressman, was born in 1844 in Keno-
sha county. Wis. He was elected county
auditor of Renville county, Minn., in 1869
and 1871, and established and edited the
Renville Times for several years, and was
clerk of the district court in 1873-77. He
was elected to the legislature in 1876; was
appointed register of the United States
land office at Benson in 1878 and 1882,
and was elected to the state senate in 1886
for a term of four years. He served in
company K. forty-second Wisconsin vol
unteer infantry, as a private during the
Civil war, and was elected to the fifty-first
congress as a republican.
HALL, DAVID, governor. He was gov
ernor of Delaware from 1802 to 1805.
HALL. DOMIN1CK AUGUSTINE, law
yer, jurist, was born in 1765 in North
Carolina. He was district judge of Or
leans territory from 1809 until 1812, when
it became the state of Louisiana, and
was then appointed United States judge of
the state, in which position he continued
during his life. He died Dec. 12, 1820, in
New Orleans, La.
HALL, EDWARD HENRY, clergyman,
author, was born in 1831 in Ohio. He is
a Unitarian clergyman of Worcester, and
subsequently of Cambridge, and the au
thor of Orthodoxy and Heresy in the
Christian Church; Lessons on the Life of
Saint Paul; and Discourses.
HALL, EDWIN, clergyman, educator,
author, was born Jan. 11, 1802, in Gran-
ville, N. Y. He was a congregational
clergyman, professor of theology in Au
burn seminary in 1854-77. and the author
of The Law of Baptism; The Puritans and
Their Principles: Historical Records of
Norwalk; and Shorter Catechism with
Proofs. He died Sept. 8, 1877, in Auburn,
N. Y.
HALL. EDWIN G. W., clergyman, evan
gelist, author, was born Dec. 17, 1840, in
Oxbow, N. Y. During the civil war he
served in the tenth New York heavy ar
tillery. For a number of years he was a
conference evangelist, and now fills a pas
torate in the method 1st episcopal church
of Knoxville, Pa.
HALL, ELIZA CALVERT, author, poet,
was born in 1856, in Bowling Green, Ky.
She is a noted poet, and has contributed
to the Atlantic Monthly, Scribner's, and
the Century.
HALL, FITZEDWARD, philologist, au
thor, was born March 21, 1825, in Troy,
N. Y. He is a philologist of distinction
who was inspector of schools in India in
1846-62, and in the latter year became pro
fessor of Sanskrit in King's college, Lon
don. He is the author of Recent Exem
plifications of False Philology: Modern
English; English Adjectives in -able with
Special Reference to Reliable; Lectures
on the Nyaya Philosophy; and several
works in Sanskrit.
HALL, MRS. FLORENCE (HOWE), au
thor, was born in 1845 in Massachusetts.
She is a writer of Plainfield, N. .1., and
the author of Social Customs; and The
Correct Thing in Good Society.
HALL, FRANCIS, journalist, was born
March 12. 1785, in Taunton. England.
In 1811 he entered the office of the New
York Commercial Advertiser, and two
years afterward became part owner and
co-editor of that journal, with which he
remained connected for fifty-three years.
He died Aug. 11, 1866. in New York city.
HALL, FRANCIS JOSEPH, clergyman,
educator, author, was born Dec. 24, 1857.
in Ashtabula, Ohio. He is a priest of the
protestant episcopal church, and professor
of dogmatic theology in the Western The
ological seminary. He is the author of
Theological Outlines, in three volumes:
and The Historical Position of the Epis
copal Church.
HALL. FRANK L., railroad president,
was born July 4. 1850. in Bridgeport, Conn.
He is president of the Baltimore and Del
aware Bay railroad.
HALL, FRANK L., physician, surgeon,
legislator, was born Sept. 10, 1861, in Pike
county. 111. He has attained eminence in
his profession at Perry. HI-, and for four
years was United States pension exam
iner. He served with distinction as a
member of the Illinois state legislature iu
1897-98.
HALL. FREDERIC, lawyer, author,
was born Oct. 16, 1825, in Rutland. Vt.
He received a liberal education, studied
the sciences, and also
Greek, Latin, French,
Spanish and Italian.
In 1852 he was ad
mitted to the bar of
the supreme court of
California; and in
1859 to the bar of the
supreme court of the
United States. In
1867 he visited Mex
ico, and was em
ployed as one of the
counsel to defend
the Emperor Maximilian. He wrote the
Life of Maximilian; and subsequently a
History of San Jose, Cal., where he lived
during 1849-72, moving thence to San
Francisco. In 1882 he became the legal
adviser of the Mexican Central Railroad
company, and while in the City of Mex
ico wrote the work known as Hall's Mex
ican Law. Since 1886 he has been engaged
in the practice of law in Los Angeles. Mr.
Hall has traveled extensively in American
countries, in Europe and Asia.
HALL, FREDERICK, educator, author,
was born in November, 1780, in Grafton,
Vt. He was an educator who was profes
sor of chemistry in Columbian college,
Washington, at the time of his death. He
published Letters from the East and from
the West. He died July 27, 1843, in Peru,
111.
HALL, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in New Haven, Conn. He was a
member of the assembly of New York in
1816, and was a representative in congress
from that state from 1819 to 1821.
HALL, GEORGE, first mayor of Brook
lyn, was born Sept. 21, 1795, in Brooklyn,
N. Y. He was a printer, and the greater
portion of his life was devoted to the in
terests of his native city, of which he was
a trustee at the time of its incorporation,
and under that act became its first mayor.
He died Sept. 16, 1868, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HALL, GERTRUDE, author, poet. She
is a Boston writer of short stories and
poems, and the author of Far From To-
Day, a collection of strikingly original sto
ries; Allegretto, a volume of verse; Foam
of the Sea, and Other Tales; and Verses.
HALL, GRANVILLE STANLEY, edu
cator, college president, author, was born
May 6, 1845, in Ashfield, Mass. He is an
educator of note, president of Clark uni
versity, Worcester, Mass., since 1888, and
is the author of Aspects of German Cul
ture; Hints Toward a Bibliography of
Education; and How to Teach Reading.
HALL, HARRISON, scientist, author,
was born Nov. 5. 1785, in Octorara, Md.
He was a scientist of Philadelphia, who
in 1815 published a work on Distillation
that was much commended in its day.
He died March 9, 1866, in Cincinnati,
Ohio.
HALL, HENRY, journalist, author, was
born Dec. 6, 1845, in Auburn, N. Y. In
1880 he was appointed by the government
as special agent to collect the statistics
of American ship-building. In 1882 he Be
came business manager of the New York
Tribune, which position he yet occupies.
He has published The History of Cayuga
County: History of the Nineteenth New
York Volunteers, and the Third Artillery;
American Navigation; and America's Suc
cessful Men, in two volumes.
HALL, HI LAND, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, governor, author, was born
July 20, 1795, in Bennington, Vt.
In 1827 he was elected to the state
legislature, and afterward, for several
years, was state's attorney. He was
a representative in congress from
Vermont from 1833 to 1843. He was bank
commissioner for Vermont from 1843 to
1846; four years judge of the supreme
court; in 1850 second comptroller of the
treasury; and in 1851 was appointed land
commissioner for California, where he re
mained ,until 1854. He was elected gov
ernor of Vermont in 1858. He wrote a
History of Vermont to 1791. He died
Dec. 18, 1885, in Springfield, Mass.
HALL,. HOMER JOHN, physician, sur
geon, was born June 28, 1851, in Riceville,
Pa. He is a successful physician of
Franklin, Ind.; has held various positions
of importance in his county and state,
and served as chairman of the Indiana
prohibition party.
HALL, ISAAC HOL LISTER, lawyer,
lecturer, author, was born Dec. 12, 1837,
in Norwalk, Conn. He was a lawyer and
Oriental scholar, and lecturer on New Tes
tament Greek in Johns Hopkins uni
versity in 1884-96. He published Ameri
can Greek Testaments, a critical Bibliog
raphy. He died in 1896.
i
HALL. JAMES, clergyman, author, was
born Aug. 22, 1744, in Carlisle, Pa. He
was a presbyterian clergyman in the
southern states, and the author of Nar
rative of a Most Extraordinary Work of
Religion in North Carolina; and Mis
sionary Tour Through the Mississippi and
Southwest Country. He died July 25,
1826, in Bethany, N. C.
HALL, JAMES, author, was born Aug.
19, 1793, in Philadelphia, Pa. He is the
author of Letters from the West; Legends
of the West; Tales of the Border; Sketch
es of the West; Notes on the Western
States; Life of General Harrison; His
tory of the Indian Tribes (with McKin-
ney); The Wilderness and the War Path;
The Harpe's Head, a Legend of Ken
tucky; and Romance of Western History.
He died July 5, 1868, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
438
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HALL, JAMES, paleontologist, educa
tor, author, was born Sept. 12, 1811, in
Hingham, Mass. He is a paleontologist of
distinction, professor of geology at the
Troy Polytechnic school from 1836, and
state geologist of New York from 1837.
He is the author of Geology of the Fourth
District of New York; Paleontology of
New York; Geological Survey of Wiscon
sin; and many scientific monographs.
HALL, JAMES A., soldier, was born
Aug. 10, 1835, in Jefferson, Maine. He
rose to the rank of brevet brigadier-gen
eral, his services being especially con
spicuous at Gettysburg. He was, for thir
teen years after the war, collector of cus
toms at Waldoboro, Maine. He died June
10, 1893, at Syracuse, N. Y.
HALL, JAMES FREDERICK, soldier,
was born in February, 1824, in New York
city. He served in the civil war, and was
brevetted brigadier-general. He died Jan.
9, 1884.
HALL, JEREMIAH, clergyman, col
lege president, was born May 21, 1805, tn
Suanzey, N. H. In 1853 he accepted the
presidency of Denison university. He died
May 31, 1881, in Port Huron, Mich.
HALL, JOHN, congressman. He was
a delegate from Maryland to the constitu
tional convention from 1775 to 1776, and
from 1783 to 1784.
HALL, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was born
in 1767 in Waynesboro, Va. He was a
judge of the superior court of North Caro
lina from 1801 till 181$, and of the su
preme court from 1818 till 1832. He died
Jan. 29, 1833, in Warrenton, N. C.
HALL, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born in 1806 in Pennsylvania. He was a
Presbyterian clergyman, pastor of the
First church in Trenton, N. J., from 1841.
Among his writings are: Translation of
Milton's Latin Letters; History of the
Presbyterian Church in Trenton; Forty
Years' Familiar Letters of James W.
Alexander; and Sabbath-School Theology.
He died in 1894.
HALL, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born July 31, 1829, in Ireland. He is a
Presbyterian clergyman who came from
Dublin to America in 1867, and became
pastor of the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian
church in New York city. He Is the au
thor of All the Way Across; The Chief
End of Man; Familiar Talks to Boys;
Questions of the Day; God's Word
Through Preaching; A Christian Home;
and Foundation Stones for Young Build-
>TS.
HALL, JOHN ELIHU, lawyer, author,
was born Dec. 27, 1783, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a lawyer and author of Phil
adelphia who edited The Portfolio, 1817-
27; and was the author of Memoirs of
Eminent Persons; Practice and Jurisdic
tion of the Court of Admiralty; Life of
Dr. John Shaw; and Tracts on Constitu
tional Law. He died June 11, 1829, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
HALL, JOHN W., merchant, state sen
ator, governor, was born Jan. 1, 1817, in
Frederic, Del. He was state director in
the Farmers' bank from 1861 to 1878; and
stock director from 1867 to 1871. He was
ii state senator; was a delegate to the
democratic national convention of 187fi;
and was governor of Delaware from 1879
to 1883.
HAM.. JONATHAN PRESCOTT, law
yer, jurist, orator, author, was born July
9, 1796, in Pomfret, Conn. He was the
author of Reports of Cases in the Su
perior Court of the City of New York,
1828-29. HP died Sept. 29, 1862, in New
port, R. I.
HALL, JOSEPH, soldier, merchant, con
gressman, was born June 26, 1793, in
Essex county, Mass. He served as lieu
tenant of militia in
1813 and 1814; and
from 1817 until 1819
was engaged in mer
cantile pursuits. He
was sheriff of two
counties for twelve
years, and was a
Jf representative i n
congress from Maine
from 1833 to 1837. He
was the first north
ern man who voted
against receivingsla-
very petitions. He was also a noted ora
tor.
HALL, JOSHUA G., lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Nov. 5, 1828,
in Wakefield, N. H. He was a state sen
ator in 1871 and 1872, and a member of
the state house of representatives in 1874.
He was United States district attorney
from 1874 to 1879, and was elected a rep
resentative from New Hampshire to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses
as a republican.
HALL, LAWRENCE W., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1819 in Lake
county, Ohio. He was elected judge of the
court of common pleas, which position he
held until 1856. He was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the thirty-fifth
congress. He died Jan. 26, 1863, in Ohio.
HALL, MRS. LOUISA JANE PARK,
author, poet, was born Feb. 7, 1802, in
Newburyport, Mass. She was a writer of
Providence, and the author of Miriam, a
dramatic poem; Joanna of Naples, a tale;
and Life of Elizabeth Carter. She died in
1892.
HALL, LYMAN, physician, governor.
He was a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1775 to 1779, and signed the
declaration of independence. In 1783 he
was elected governor of Georgia. He died
Oct. 19, 1790, in Burke county, Ga.
HALL, MRS. MARY L., educator, poet,
was born May 26, 1839, in St. Helena, N. Y.
She was for twenty years a teacher of
penmanship at Attica, N. Y., and is the
author of many short stories and a book
of poems entitled Live Coal.
HALL, NATHANIEL, clergyman, was
born Aug. 13, 1805, in Medford, Mass. He
became sole pastor of the First Unitarian
parish, Dorchester, Mass., in 1836, and
held this post until his death. He died
Oct. 21, 1875, in Dorchester, Mass.
HALL, NATHAN KELSEY, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born March 10,
1810, in Marcellus, N. Y. He served as a
_^_ member of the New
York state legisla
ture, and was a rep
resentative in con
gress from 1847 to
1849. On Mr. Fill-
more's accession to
the presidency in
1850, he was appoint
ed to the office of
postmaster - general,
and was subsequent
ly appointed judge
of the United States
district court for western New York. He
died March 2, 1874, in Buffalo, N. Y.
HALL, NORMAN, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 17, 1829. in
Muncy Farms. Pa. He was elected to
the fiftieth congress as a democrat.
HALL, OBED, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from New
Hampshire from 1811 to 1813.
HALL, OSEE MATSON, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Conneaut, Ohio
He was elected to the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
HALL. ROBERT BERNARD, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Jan. 28, 1812,
in Boston, Mass. He was a member of
the Massachusetts senate in 1855; was
elected a representative to the thirty-
fourth congress in that year, and was re-
elected to the thirty-fifth congress in 1857.
He died April 15, 1868, in Plymouth, Mass.
HALL, ROBERT PLEASANTS, lawyer,
author, poet, was born Dec. 23, 1825, in
Chester District, S. C. He published a
volume of Poems by a South Carolinian.
He left numerous manuscript articles in
prose and verse, which include a contem
plative poem on Andr6 Chenier; Winona,
a legend of the Dacotahs; and The Cher
okee, describing the scenery in upper
Georgia. He died Dec. 4, 1854, in Macon.
Ga.
HALL, SAMUEL, journalist, was born
Nov. 2, 1740, in Medford, Mass. He pub
lished the Salem Gazette in 1781, and in
1785 the Massachusetts Gazette. In 1789
he went to Boston and opened a book
store, which he sold in 1805 to Lincoln
and Edmunds. He died Oct. 30, 1807, in
Boston, Mass.
HALL, SAMUEL READ, educator, au
thor, was born Oct. 27, 1795, in Croydon,
N. H. He was an educator of Vermont
who organized the first training-school
for teachers in the United States. He was
the author of The Instructor's Manual;
Lectures on Education; and Geography
for Children. He died June 24, 1877, in
Bennington, Vt.
HALL, MRS. SARAH (EW1NG), author,
was born Oct. 30, 1761, in Philadelphia,
Pa. She was a Philadelphia writer well
known at one time as the author of Con
versations on the Bible. Selections from
her work were published in 1833. She
died April 8, 1830, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HALL, SHARACK AZARIAH, soldier,
educator, state senator, was born July 15,
1835, in Wilna, N. Y. He was captain of
company K, fifth regiment Wisconsin vol
unteer infantry from 1864 until Lee's sur
render. In 1869 he moved to Wood Lake.
Minn., was appointed county superintend
ent of schools in 1873, and in 1876 was
elected a member of the Minnesota state
senate.
HALL, THOMAS, inventor, was born
Feb. 4, 1834, in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1881
he produced the typewriter that bears his
name.
HALL, THOMAS AUGUSTUS, soldier,
journalist, legislator, jurist, was -born
Aug. 26, 1847, in Telfair county, Ga. Dur
ing the war he served as orderly sergeant
of company E, sixth battalion Georgia ar
tillery in the confederate service. He has
filled numerous offices of public trust; was
democratic member of the Florida state
legislature in 1883 from Madison county,
and was a member of the Madison county
school board. He is now serving with
distinction a second term as county judge
of Nassau county, Fla., his term expiring
in 1901. He is also the editor and owner
of the Florida Mirror of Fernandina, Fla.
HALL, THOMAS H., state senator, con
gressman, was born in 1773 in Edgecombe
county, N. C. He was a representative
in congress from 1817 to 1825, and again
from 1827 to 1835. In 1836 he served as a
member of the state senate, and voted
against the acceptance of any of the sur
plus revenue of the United States treas
ury by the state of North Carolina. He
died June 30, 1853, in Tnrborough. N. C.
HKHRlNGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
439
HALL, THOMAS MIFFLIN, physician,
author, was born Feb. 27, 1798, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a successful physi
cian of Philadelphia, and the author of
several medical works. He died in 1828
at sea.
±iALL, URIEL SEBREE, farmer, law
yer, lecturer, congressman, was born April
12, 1852, in Randolph county, Mo. He
has served in many state democratic con
ventions, being chairman of the demo
cratic committee on platform in 1890. He
was elected to the fifty-third and fifty-
fourth congresses as a democrat.
HALL, W. A., clergyman, lawyer, jurist,
was born Feb. 15, 1847, in England. He
has filled pastorates in the methodist
episcopal church, has been county su
perintendent of schools, justice of the
peace, judge of the probate court, and
United States commissioner of the circuit
court at Grangeville, Idaho.
HALL, WILLARD, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 24, 1780, in
Westford, Mass. In 1811 he was elected
secretary of state in Delaware, and held
that office three years. He was elected a
representative in congress in 1816, and
re-elected in 1818, and was again secretary
of state in 1821. In 1822 he was elected
to the legislature; in 1823 was appointed
district judge of the United States for
Delaware; and in 1829 revised the state
laws of Delaware. In 1831 he was a mem
ber of the state constitutional convention.
He was the father of the public school
system of the state. He died May 10, 1875,
in Wilmington, Del.
HALL, WILLARD PREBLE, congress
man, lieutenant-governor, was born in
1825 in Virginia. He was a representative
from Missouri to the thirtieth, thirty-first
and thirty-second congresses; was lieu
tenant-governor of Missouri from 1861 to
1865; and was acting governor for a por
tion of the time. He died Nov. 1, 1882,
in St. Joseph, Mo.
HALL, WILLIAM, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1774 in Virginia. He
was a general of militia, and was a repre
sentative in congress from Tennessee from
1831 to 1833. He died in October, 1856,
in Green Garden, Tenn.
HALL, WILLIAM, state senator, gov
ernor, was born in 1774, in Virginia. He
was elected several times state repre
sentative and state senator from Tennes
see, and in 1829 was elected governor. He
died in 1856 in Green Garden, Tenn.
HALL, WILLIAM, soldier, journalist,
state senator, was born May 13, 1796, in
Sparta, N. Y. In 1821 he engaged in the
music publishing business under the firm
name of Firth, Hall and Pond, in which
he continued until his death. He served
also in the state senate during two ad-
ministratipns. He died May 3, 1874, in
New York city.
HALL, WILLIAM A., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in Maine. In 1841
he moved to Missouri and in 1844 was a
presidential elector. In 1847 he was ap
pointed a judge of the circuit court, and
was a member of the Missouri convention
of 1861. He was elected a representa
tive from Missouri to the thirty-seventh
congress to fill a vacancy, and was re
flected to the thirty-eighth congress.
HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD, soldier,
state senator, was born May 13, 1796, in
Tarrytown, N. Y. About 1846 he rose to
the rank of brigadier-general. He was a
member of the New York state senate. He
died May 3, 1874.
HALL, WILLIAM P., soldier, was born
about 1820. He served in the civil war,
and was commissioned lieutenant-colonel
in 1865. He 'died Oct. 20, 1865, in New
York city.
HALL, WILLIAM T., lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 22, 1841, in Bowdoinham,
Maine. In 1863 he was admitted to the
bar, and has ever since practiced law in
Richmond, Maine. He has served as
county attorney for six years, and in 1880
was elected judge of probate for Sagada-
hoc county, and still occupies that posi
tion.
HALL, WILLIAM WHITTY, physician,
author, was born in 1810 in Paris, Ky. He
was a physician of New York city, and
the founder of Hall's Journal of Health.
He was the author of Health and Good
Living; Health and Disease as Affected
by Constipation; Fun Better than Physic;
Consumption; Sleep; Guide-Board to
Health; Coughs and Colds; Health at
Home; How to Live Long; Dyspepsia;
Treatise on Cholera; and Bronchitis and
Kindred Diseases. He died May 10, 1876,
in New York city.
HALL, WILLIS, lawyer, lecturer, was
born April 1, 1801, in Granville, N. Y.
He was elected a member of the as
sembly in 1837, and again in 1842. In 1838
he was appointed attorney-general of the
state, and filled this office for one year.
He was for some time a lecturer in the
law-school of Saratoga. He died July 14,
1868, in New York city.
HALL, WILTON AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
was born Sept. 29, 1869, in Hamilton coun
ty, Fla. He has attained prominence as
an able lawyer of Fernandina, Fla., and
has filled many positions of honor in his
county and state.
HALLAM, ROBERT ALEXANDER,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 30,
1807, in New London, Conn. He was an
episcopal clergyman who was rector of
St. James's church, New London, Conn.,
from 1835 till his death. He was the au
thor of Lectures on the Morning Prayer;
Lectures on Moses; Sovereigns of Judah;
Sermons; and Annals of St. James's. He
died Jan. 4, 1877, in New London, Conn.
HALLECK, FITZ-GREENE, poet, was
born July 8, 1790, in Guilford, Conn. He
was a poet who was for many years a
clerk in a New York
banking house, and
subsequently confi
dential adviser to
John Jacob Astor.
His verse has grace
and sweetness, but is
wanting in positive
qualities, and has
already largely
passed out of remem
brance. He was the
author of Marco
Bozzaris, which is
his most famous poem; Fanny; Alnwick
Castle, and Other Poems. He' died Nov.
19, 1867, in Guilford, Conn.
HALLECK, HENRY WAGER, soldier,
author, was born Jan. 16, 1815, in West-
ernville, N. Y. He was a major-general
who was general-in-
chief of the armies
of the United States
in 1862-64. He was
the author of Bitu
men, Its Varieties,
Properties, and Uses;
Mining Laws of
Spain and Mexico;
Elements of Inter
national Law; Trea
tise on International
Law; and Elements
of Military Art and
Science. He died Jan. 9, 1872, in Louis
ville, Ky.
HALLER, W. D., physician, business
man, state senator, was born April 27,
1846, near East Troy, Wis. In 1871 he
established himself in the drug business
in Blair, Neb. He was chosen state sena
tor fram the tenth district of Nebraska
in 1897.
HALLETT, BENJAMIN, ship-master,
was born Jan. 18, 1760, in Barnstable,
Mass. He established the coasting trade
between Boston and Albany in 1788, and in
1808 had built the sloop Ten Sisters, which
was long the favorite packet sailing be
tween New York and Boston. He died
Dec. 31, 1849, in Barnstable, Mass.
HALLETT, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
journalist, statesman, lawyer, author, was
born Dec. 2, 1797, in Barnstable, Mass. He
exerted a powerful influence in the demo
cratic party, was a delegate to most of
its national conventions, and was for
many years chairman of its national com
mittee. He aided in the nomination of
Franklin Pierce, who made him United
States district attorney of Massachusetts.
He died Sept. 30, 1862, in Boston, Mass.
HALLETT, MOSES, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Illinois. In 1874 he was appointed
an associate justice of the supreme court
of the territory of Colorado; and in 1877
was appointed United States district judge
for the district of Colorado.
HALLEY, GEORGE, physician, sur
geon, was born Sept. 10, 1839, in Canada.
In 1884 he became associated in publish
ing the Kansas City Medical Journal,
with which he is still connected.
HALLIDAY, SAMUEL BYRAM, clergy
man, author, was born in 1812 in New
Jersey. He is a congregational clergy
man of Brooklyn, assistant of Henry
Ward Beecher at Plymouth church for
nearly twenty years, and the author of
The Little Street Sweeper; The Lost and
Found, or Life Among the Poor; Win
ning Souls; and The Church in America
anci Its Baptisms of Fire.
HALLIDIE, ANDREW SMITH, civil en
gineer, inventor, was born March 16, 1836.
in England. During 1858-68 he designed
and built a large number of bridges. He
invented a method of transporting freight
across mountainous and rugged districts
by an endless overhead moving rope, now
known as the Hallidie ropeway.
HALLOCK, CHARLES, journalist, au
thor, was born March 13, 1834, in New
York city. He is a journalist of New York
city, founder of Forest and Stream, and
the author-of The Fishing Tourist; Camp
Life in Florida; The Sportsman's Gazet
teer; and Our New Alaska.
HALLOCK, GERARD, journalist, was
born March 18, 1800, in Plainfield, Mass.
In 1827 he became part owner of the New
York Observer, and in 1828 was associated
with David Hale in the publication of the
Journal of Commerce. He died Jan. 4,
1866, in New Haven, Conn.
HALLOCK, JEREMIAH, clergyman,
was born March 13, 1758, in Brook Ha
ven, N. Y. In 1785 he was installed as
pastor over the congregational church at
West Simsbury, where he remained until
his death. He died June 23, 1826, in West
Simsbury, Conn.
HALLOCK, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Orange county, N. Y. He was a
member of the assembly of New York
state from Orange county in 1816 and
1817, and from 1820 to 1821; and was a
representative in congress from 1825 to
3829.
HALLOCK, MRS. JULIA ISABEL
(SHERMAN), author, was born in 1846
in Connecticut. She is a Connecticut
writer and the author of Broken Notes
from a Gray Nunnery, a study of country
life.
440
il KKKI.\i;sil.\\VS KNCYCI.oi'KIUA dp AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
HALLOCK, MRS. MARY ANGELINA
(RAY) (LATHROP), author, was born
June 18, 1810. in Rowe, Mass. She is a
writer of Sunday-school books, including;
That Sweet Story of Old; Child's History
of the Fall of Jerusalem; Child's Life of
Daniel; The Story of Moses; Bethlehem
and Her Children; Beasts and Birds;
Child's History of Solomon; and Life of
the Apostle Paul.
HALLOCK, MOSES, clergyman, was
born Feb. 16. 1760, in Brook Haven, N. Y.
He was first pastor of the church in Plain-
field from 1792 until his death. He died
July 17, 1837.
HALLOCK. WILLIAM ALLEN, cler
gyman, author, was born June 2. 1794. in
I'lainfield, Mass. He was a congregation
al clergyman, and secretary of the Ameri
can Tract society in 1825-70. He was the
author of Life of Harlan Page; Moses
Hallock; and Justin Edwards. He died
Oct. 2, 1880, in Plainfield, Mass.
'HALLOWAY, RANSOM, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
the eighth congressional district of New
York, from 1849 to 1851. He died April
6, 1851, in Mount Pleasant. Md.
HALLOWKLL. EDWIN, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1844
in Abington, Pa. He was elected a mem
ber of the legislature of Pennsylvania in
1876, and re-elected in 1878. He was elect
ed to the fifty-second congress as a demo
crat.
HALLOWKLL, RICHARD PRICE,
merchant, author, was born Dec. 16, 1835.
in Philadelphia, Pa. He is a wool mer
chant of Boston who has written The
Quaker Invasion of Massachusetts; and
The Pioneer Quakers.
HALLWK;. EDWARD o., artist, waa
born June 13, 1869, in Baltimore. Md.
In 1892 he was engaged as special artist
of the Baltimore American, also becom
ing publisher and illustrator of the Sidney
Magazine.
HALLWIG. Gl'STAV, artist, was born
in 1810, in Saxony. He has established
an enviable reputation as one of the fore
most artists of America, his work being
confined chiefly to landscape and cattle
painting.
HALLWIG, OSCAR, artist, was born
March 20, 183fi, in Saxony. He has paint-
*d portraits of the leading people of
America. His studio is in Baltimore. Md.
HALLWIG, PAUL, artist, was born
Dec. 18, 1865. in Baltimore, Md. He has
attained success by painting portraits of
the leading men of the country, and in
1893 was engaged as special artist to dec
orate the city hall of Baltimore with por
traits.
HALLWIG. WILLIAM ('.. artist, was
born March 25, 1870, in New York. He
painted some fruit pieces which received
special mention at the world's fair.
HALLYBURTON, JAMES D.. lawyer,
jurist, was born in Virginia. About the
year 1844 he was appointed I'nited States
judge for the eastern district of Virginia.
HALM. GEORGE ROBERT, decorator,
designer, was born Sept. 1. 1850, in Og-
(lensl)lirg. His reputation as a decorator
and designer of book exteriors and in
teriors is shown in such works as Lead.
Kindly Light; Cover for Gilbert's Shake
speare; Harper's Tennyson; and the dec
orative designs and illustrations in St.
Nicholas, Srnbner's and the Century.
HALPINE.CHARLES GRAHAM Mile*
O'Reilly — soldier, journalist, author, poet,
was born Nov. 20. 1829, in Ireland. He was
a journalist of New York city who came
to America in 1852 and served during the
civil war as a colonel in the federal army.
Cambria, X. Y.
He was the author of Lyrics: Poems;
Miles O'Reilly Papers: Life and Adven
tures of Private Miles O'Reilly; Baked
Meats of the Funeral: and poetical
works. He died Aug. 3, IStiK. in New
York city.
HALSALL. WILLIAM FORMBY. sol
dier, artist, was born March 20, 1844. in
England. Among his works are the
Chasing a Blockade-Runner in a Fog:
Rendezvous of the Fishermen; The May
flower; Arrival of the Winthrop Colony:
and Niagara Falls. His First Battle of the
Iron-Claris was purchased by the I'nited
States government in 1887.
HALSELL. JOHN E., agriculturist, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Sept.
11. 1826. in Warren county. Ky. In 1869 he
was elected circuit judge; was elected a
representative from Kentucky to the for
ty-eighth congress; and was re-elected to
the forty-ninth congress as a democrat.
1 1. \LSEY. CHARLES STORRS, educa
tor, author, was born Dec. 20, 1834. in
In IS'ili he graduated
from Williams col
lege, and since that
time has been en
gaged in educational
work. For twenty-
two years he has
been principal of the
1'nion Classical in
stitute of Se.henec-
tariy. which position
he resigned in 1897.
He is the author of
Genealogical and
Chronological Chart
of the Rulers of England. Scotland.
France, Germany and Spain; Etymology
of Latin and Greek; and other works.
HALSEY. GEORGK ARMSTRONG.
manufacturer, congressman, was born
Dec. 7. 1827. in Springfield. N. J. In 1861
and 1862 he was elected to the state as
sembly: and in the latter year was ap
pointed assessor of internal revenue for
the fifth district of New Jersey, which
office he held until 1866. He was elected
a representative from New Jersey to the
fortieth congress. In 1864 was collector
of internal revenue at Newark. N. J.; and
was elected to the forty-second congress.
HALSEY. JEHIEL H.. state senator,
congressman. He was a representative
from New York to the twenty-first con
gress; and was a state senator from 1832
to is:::,.
HALSEY. I.EROY JONES, educator.
clergyman, author, was born Jan. 28.
1812, in Goochland county, Va. He is a
presbyterian clergyman, and from 1859
professor in Chicago Theological seminary.
He is the author of The Literary Attrac
tions of the Bible; The Life and Pictures
of the Bible; The Beauty of Emmanuel;
LUing Christianity: and Scotland's In
fluence on Civilization.
HALSEY. Ll'THKR. educator, clergy
man, was born Jan. 1, 1794. in Schenec-
tady. N. Y. From 1829 to 1837 he was
professor of theology in the Western The
ological seminary. He died Oct. 29. 1880,
in Norristown, Pa.
HALSEY. NICOLL. congressman. He
\v;is a member of the New York assembly
from Tompkins county in 1824; and a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1833 to 1835.
HALSEY, SILAS, state legislator, state
senator, congressman. He was a resi
dent of New York: and was a representa
tive in the state legislature for several
years. He was a representative from New
York to the ninth congress; and was a
state senator for one year.
HALSTKAD. Ml'RAT. journalist, au
thor, was born Sept. 2, 1829, in Paddy's
Run, Ohio. He is a journalist of note.
editor and proprietor of The Commercial
of Cincinnati, and since 1890 of The Stan
dard I'niou, Brooklyn. He is the author
of Caucuses of 1860; and Life of William
McKinley.
HALSTEAI). WILLIAM RILEY. cler
gyman. college president, author, was
born March 18. 1848, in Terre Haute, Ind.
For several years he was president of the
De Pauw Female college. He is the au
thor of Religious Policy of America; Civil
and Religious Forces: and Life On a
Backwoods Farm.
HALSTED. BYRON DAVID, agricul
turist. educator, author, was born June 7.
1852. in Venice, N. Y. He is an agricul
tural writer, and since 1884 professor of
botany in Iowa Agricultural college. He
is the author A Century of American
Weeds: The Vegetable Garden; Farm
Con\eniences; and Household Conveni
ences.
HALSTED. GEORGE BRl'OE, educator.
mathematician, author, was born Nov. 25,
1853. in Newark. N. J. He is a professor
of mathematics in the university of Texas
from 1887. and a mathematician of promi
nence. He is the author of Metrical Ge
ometry. a Treatise on Mensuration; Ele
ments of Geometry; Synthetic Geometry;
and Number. Discrete and Continuous.
HAU3TED, NATHANIEL NORRIS, sol
dier. merchant, philanthropist, was born
Aug. 13. 1816, in Elizabeth, N. J. When
recruiting camps were established at
Trenton he was brevetted brigadier-gen
eral and placed in command. Princeton
is indebted to him for the astronomical
observatory which bears his name. He
died May 6. 1884. in Newark, N. J.
HALSTED, OLIVER SPENCER, law-
>er, jurist, author, was born Sept. 22.
1792, in Elizabeth, N. J. He was a jurist
of Newark. N. J.; and the author of The
Theology of the Bible; and The Book
called Job. He died Aug. 29, 1877, in Ly
ons Farms. N. J.
HALSTED. WILLIAM, congressman.
was born in New Jersey. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New Jersey
from 1837 to 1839, and again from 1841 to
1843. He was a candidate for election to
the twenty-sixth congress, but although
he came with a certificate under the seal
of his state, was not admitted.
HALTERMAN. FREDERICK. mer
chant. congressman, was born Oct. 22,
1831. in Germany. He was engaged in
the grocery business.
.^^^r. from which he re-
m^ ^^ tired in 1891; and
^^ was elected a mem-
•b bei' of the select
^fc council from the
^^ j|W twelfth ward in 1880
: .^ ' for a term of three
years. He was elect-
e«l to the fifty-fourth
congress as a repub
lican from Philadel
phia. of which city
he has been a resi
dent since 1849. While in congress he
served on several important committees.
HALVORSON, KITTEL, soldier, farmer.
congressman, was born Dec. 15, 1846, In
Norway. He entered the military serv
ice in 1863, enlisting in company C. first
regiment Wisconsin heavy artillery, and
served until the close of the war. He
was a member of the lower house of the
Minnesota state legislature in 1887; and
was elected by the Farmers' Alliance and
prohibitionists to the fifty-second con
gress.
^ '
.. Jl
'
IIK:EKI,N<;SIIA\VS KNCVCI.OI'KUIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
441
HAM, CHARLES HENRY. lawyer,
journalist, author, was born in 1831 in
New Hampshire. He is a lawyer and
journalist of Chicago; and the author of
Manual Training: the Solution of Social
and Industrial Problems.
HAM. iMARION FRANKLIN, poet, was
born in 1867 in Ohio. He is a poet of
Chattanooga: and the author of The Gol
den Shuttle and Other Poems.
1861. in Clinton.
HAMBKRL1N. LAFAYETTE RUPERT,
educator, poet, was born Feb. 25,
Miss. He received his
education at the
Mississippi college,
and at the Richmond
college. Va. He has
attained success as a
teacher of English
literature; has been
professor of English
and expression in the
Thatcher institute of
Shreveport, La.: in
structor of expres
sion in Richmond
college: and adjunct
professor of English and expression in the
university of Texas. He is the author of
four volumes of verse, entitled Lyrics
Lilts, Rhymes, and Verses. He was con
clave poet for the Knights Templar of
Mississippi in 1881; alumni poet for Rich
mond college in 1889-91; and convention
poet for Beta Theta Phi fraternity in 1887
and 1897. He is now the president of the
Southern Interstate Oratorical association
of Austin. Texas.
HAMBLETON. SAMUEL, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1812
in Talbot county, Md. He was elected to
the house of delegates in 1834, 1835, and
1853; to the state senate from 1844 to
1850; was a presidential elector in 1844;
and was president of the Chesapeake and
Ohio canal in 1853 and 1854. He was
elected a representative from Maryland to
the forty-first congress, and was re-elect
ed to the forty-second congress as a demo
crat.
HAMBL1N. JOSEPH ELDRIDGE, sol
dier, was born in 1828 in Yarmouth.
Mass. He was brevetted major-general,
and was mustered out with that rank at
Washington in I860. After the war he en
tered upon civil pursuits in New York. He
died July 3. 18-70. in New York city.
HAMER. GEORGE FREDERICK, mu
sician, composer, was born in 1862. in
Lawrence, Mass. He is a successful mu
sician of Lawrence, Mass.; and the or
ganist of Trinity church. He is the au
thor of several songs, church services, and
piano pieces; and several orchestral over
tures.
HAMER. THOMAS, soldier, farmer,
merchant, legislator, was born June 1,
1818, in Union county. Pa. He received
his education at the Milton academy:
and moved to Illinois in 1846. He served
in the union army during the civil war as
colonel of the eighty-fourth regiment Il
linois volunteer infantry; was wounded at
the battle of Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862;
had two horses shot from under him; and
was presented by his men with a gold
watch for gallantry on the field of bat
tle. He has held nearly all the minor of
fices in the gift of his town and coun
ty; represented his district for four
years in the Illinois state legislature;
and for eight years was a member of the
state senate, his last term expiring on
Jan. 1. 1897. He has retired from private
and public service; and is an honored citi
zen of Vermont. 111.
HAMER, THOMAS 1... soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in Pennsylvania.
He sened several sessions in the state
legislature, and was once elected speaker;
and was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1833 to 1839. He entered the
army as a private, and was promoted at
once to the rank of brigadier-general. He
died Dec. 2. 1846. in Mexico, while serv
ing in the army.
HAMERSLEY, JAMES HOOKER,
statesman, poet, was born Jan. 26, 1844,
in New York. He was sent to the state
convention by the in
dependent republic
ans in 1877 as a
delegate. Later he
was nominated for
the state assembly
from the eleventh
district, but with
drew in favor of his
friend. William Wal
dorf Astor, whom hi
labored successfully
to elect. He writes
upon the live topics
of the day, and many poems from his pen
have appeared in books, periodicals and
newspapers. Among the best known are
The Countersign; Yellow Roses; Fog Cur
tain: The Midnight Sun; Ronkonkoma;
Maseonomo: and Voice of the Breakers.
HAMERSLEY. JOHN WILLIAM, law
yer, author, was born May 24, 1808, in
New York city. He has attained promi
nence as a successful lawyer of New York
city. He was the author of Reminiscences
of Lady Hester Stanhope; Lone Ranch; A
Chemical Change in Eucharist; and other
works.
HAMERSLEY, LEWIS RANDOLPH,
soldier, author, was born in 1847 in Dis
trict of Columbia. He is a lieutenant in
the United States marine corps; and au
thor of Records of Living Officers of the
United States Navy and Marine Corps;
and Naval Encyclopedia.
HAMILL, PATRICK, merchant, jurist,
congressman, was born April 28, 1817, in
Green Glades, Md. He was elected to
the state assembly in 1843 and 1844; and
was seven years judge of the Orphans'
court of Allegheny county. In 1867 he
was again elected judge of probate; and
was elected a representative from Mary
land to the forty-first congress as a demo
crat.
HAMILTON, A. H., lawyer, congress
man. In 1874 he was elected a repre
sentative from Indiana to the forty-fourth
and forty-fifth congresses.
HAMILTON. ALEXANDER, lawyer,
statesman, was born Jan. 11, 1757, in the
West Indies. He entered the army as an
officer of artillery
and became an aid-
de-camp to Washing
ton, with the rank of
lieutenant - colonel.
He was a delegate
to the continental
congress in 1782 and
1783, and in 1787 and
1788: in 1786 was
elected to the state
assembly; was elect
ed to the convention
which framed the
federal constitution; by his writings,
signed Publius, did much to secure its
adoption, but was the only member from
New York who signed that instrument. In
1789 he was appointed secretary of the
treasury, and continued in that office un
til 1795. when he resigned. In 1804 he
had a difficulty with Aaron Burr, which
resulted in a duel, which took place at
Hoboken. when he received a fatal shot,
and died on the following day. July 12.
1804.
HAMILTON, ALICE KING, author. She
is a novelist; and the author of Mildred's
Cadet; and One of the Duanes.
HAMILTON. ALLEN McLANE, physi
cian, author, was born Oct. 6. 1848. in
Brooklyn. N. Y. He is a physician of
New York city; and the author of Clinical
Electro-Therapeutics; Nervous Dispases;
Medical Jurisprudence; Types of Insan
ity; and The Modern Treatment of Head
aches.
HAMILTON, ANDREW, merchant, gov
ernor, was born in Scotland. In 1692 he
was appointed governor of New Jersey,
and served for five years. He died April
20. 1703, in Burlington. N. J.
HAMILTON. ANDREW JACKSON,
merchant, lawyer, jurist, congressman,
governor, was born Jan. 28, 1815, in Madi
son county, Ala. He held the office of at
torney-general: served frequently in the
legislature; and in 1856 was a presiden
tial elector. He was elected a represen
tative from Texas to the thirty-sixth con
gress; and in 1862 was appointed military
governor of Texas; and in 1865 provision
al governor of the same state. He was
a justice of the supreme court of the
state. He died April 10, 1875. in Austin,
Texas.
HAMILTON. ARCHIBALD, naval offi
cer. He served in the United States navy
as a lieutenant under Decatur, when the
United States frigate captured the Mace
donian, and bore the captured banners
to Washington in 1813. He was killed in
the last engagement of the war. in Jan
uary, 1815.
HAMILTON, CHARLES M.. soldier,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born in
November, 1840, in Clinton county. Pa.
In 1861 he entered the union army as a
private, participated in sixteen battles,
and was wounded three times. He was
appointed a judge advocate, in which ca
pacity he served until 1865; and was sub
sequently a commissioner of refugees in
Florida. He was a representative from
Florida to the fortieth congress; and was
re-elected to the forty-first congress as a
republican.
HAMILTON. CORNELIUS S., journal
ist, lawyer, state senator, congressman,
was born Jan. 2, 1821, in Muskingum
county. Ohio. In 1850 he was elected to
the state constitutional convention; and
in 1856 to the senate of the state. He was
subsequently appointed an assessor of in
ternal revenue. In 1866 he was elected a
representative from Ohio to the fortieth
congress. He was killed Dec. 21, 1867, in
Marysville. Ohio.
HAMILTON, E. M.. farmer, soldier,
politician, was born Feb. 22, 1833, in
Brown county. 111. He commenced life on
a Mississippi packet, and soon became
first steward. During the civil war he
enlisted in the first regiment Minnesota
\olunteer infantry, and participated in
the battles of the Wilderness, Cold Har
bor. Deep Bottom, Reams Station, siege
of Petersburg, Richmond, and was at the
surrender of Lee. He has served several
times in the city council of Los Angeles,
Cal., and has been greatly instrumental
in the advancement of the interests of that
city. He was one of the organizers of
the people's party; was a delegate to the
first state convention; was elected a dele
gate to the Omaha convention; and at that
convention was elected a national com-
mitteeman.
442
HKRRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HAMILTON, EDWARD, soldier, law
yer, journalist, was born in Culpeper
county, Va. He served in the Mexican
war, and in recognition of his service
was appointed secretary of the territory
of Arizona in 1850.
HAMILTON, EDWARD JOHN, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born in 1834
in Ireland. He is a presbyterian clergy
man; and professor of philosophy in the
state university of Washington. He is the
author of The Human Mind; Mental Sci
ence; The Medalist, or the Laws of Ra
tional Thought; and a New Analysis in
Fundamental Modes, a short treatise in
ethics.
HAMILTON, EDWARD LA RUE, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 9, 1857,
in Berrien county, Mich. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
HAMILTON, ELIZABETH, was born
Aug. 9, 1757, in Albany, N. Y. She ren
dered assistance to her husband in his la
bors, counseled him in his affairs, and
kept his papers in order for him, preserv
ing the large collection of manuscripts,
which was acquired by the United States
government in 1849. She died Nov. 9,
1854, in Washington, D. C.
HAMILTON, FRANK HASTINGS, edu
cator, surgeon, author, was born Sept. 10,
1813, in Wilmington, Vt. He was a dis
tinguished surgeon of New York city;
and for many years professor in Bellevue
hospital. He was the author of Strabis
mus; Fractures and Dislocations; Mili
tary Surgery; Principles and Practice of
Surgery; and Surgical Memories of the
War of the Rebellion. He died Aug. 11.
1886, in New York city.
HAMILTON, HAMILTON, artist, was
born April 1, 1847, in England. He is
distinguished in landscape and genre,
Ixoth in oil and water-colors, and also as
an etcher. Among his chief works are
The Sisters: Little Sunbeam; and The
Messenger.
HAMILTON, JAMES, lawyer, governor.
United States senator, was born May 8,
1786, in Charleston, S. C. In 1812 he
served with distinction on the Canadian
frontier; and in 1823 was elected to the
South Carolina state legislature. From
that position he was transferred to the
national house of representatives, where
he remained until 1829; and was subse
quently chosen governor of South Caro
lina. Becoming interested in the republic
of Texas, he helped to promote her inde
pendence, and went to Europe as minister
plenipotentiary from that republic. He
was one of the founders of the Southern
Quarterly Review, and also of the bank of
Charleston. At the time of his death he
was a senator elect in congress from Tex
as. He died Nov. 15, 1857.
HAMILTON, JAMES, philanthropist,
lawyer, was born Oct. 16, 1793, in Car
lisle, Pa. He labored assiduously in the
cause of education and was for many
years a trustee of Dickinson college. He
died Jan. 23, 1873, in Carlisle, Pa.
HAMILTON, JAMES, artist, was burn
in 1819 in Ireland. He is well known as
the spirited illustrator of Dr. Kane's Arc
tic Expedition. Among his pictures are
Capture of the Serapis; Old Ironsides;
An Egyptian Sunset; Wrecked Hopes;
Coleridge's Ancient Mariner; and many
subjects from the Arabian Nights.
HAMILTON, JAMES ALEXANDER,
lawyer, author, was born April 14, 1788.
in New York city. He is a lawyer of New
York city; and the author of Reminis
cences during Three Quarters of a Cen
tury; and Martin Van Buren's Calum
nies Repudiated. He died Sept. 24, 1878.
in Irvington, N. V
HAMILTON, JOHN, congressman. He
was at one time high sheriff of Washing
ton county, Pa., was a representative in
congress from that state, from 1805 to
1807. He died Aug. 31, 1837, at his home.
HAMILTON, JOHN CHURCH, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 22, 1792, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is a lawyer in New York
city; and the author of Memoirs of Alex
ander Hamilton; History of the Republic;
and The Prairie Province. He edited his
father's works. He died July 25, 1882.
in Long Branch, N. J.
HAMILTON, JOHN MARSHALL, edu
cator, lawyer, state senator, governor,
was born May 28, 1847, near Richwood.
Ohio. He entered the union army in 1864,
and served until the close of the war. He
was principal of the academy at Henry,
111., in 1868-69; and in the latter year
became a professor of Latin at the Illi
nois Wesleyan university. He was elect
ed a state senator in 1876; and was elect
ed lieutenant-governor in 1880. By the
election of Gov. Cullom to the United
States senate in January, 1883, he became
governor of Illinois for the unexpired
term of two years.
HAMILTON, JOHN McCLURE, artist,
was born in 1853 in Philadelphia, Pa. His
most important painting is Le rire, which
was exhibited in the National academy in
New York in 1877, and at the Paris expo
sition in 1878.
HAMILTON, JOHN TAYLOR, congress
man, was born Oct. 16, 1843, near Geneseo,
111. He removed to Iowa in 1868; is not
a graduate of any
college; since 1868
has been engaged in
the wholesale farm
machinery business;
is president of the
Cedar Rapids Sav
ings bank, and a di
rector in the Cedar
Rapids City Nation
al bank; president of
the Cedar Rapids
Electric Light and
Power company. He
was mayor of Cedar Rapids; was a mem
ber of the board of supervisors; was
three times a member of the state legis
lature, and speaker of the house. He was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
HAMILTON, JOHN WILLIAM, clergy
man, author, was born March 18, 1845, in
Weston, W. Va. He is a methodist cler
gyman who founded the People's church
in Boston; and the author of Memorials
of Jesse Lee; Lives of the Methodist Bish
ops; and People's Church Pulpit.
HAMILTON, KATE WATERMAN, au
thor, was born in Scheneetady, N. Y. She
is an Illinois writer of Sunday-School and
other fictions. Among them are, The Old
Brown House; Frederick Gordon; Wood,
Hay, and Stubble; Rachel's Share of the
Road, a Novel; and The Parson's Proxy.
HAMILTON, MORGAN CALVIN, mer
chant, United States senator, was born
Feb. 25, 1809, near Huntsville, Ala. He
was a clerk in the war department from
1838 until 1845, acting as secretary of war
a portion of the time. He was appointed
comptroller of the treasury of Texas in
1867; and was elected a delegate to the
constitutional convention in 1868. He was
elected to the United States senate on
the reconstruction of Texas, and took his
seat in 1870; and was also elected for the
term commencing in 1871 and ending in
1877.
HAMILTON, MORRIS R., lawyer, jour
nalist, librarian, was born May 24, 1820.
in Oxford Furnace, N. J. He received hie
education at the Trenton academy, and in
1839 graduated from the college of New
Jersey. In 1842 he was admitted to the
bar and practiced his profession in Cam-
den, N. J. During 1844-49 he filled a posi
tion in the Philadelphia postofflce, and
then became editor of The True American
of Trenton, N. J. He subsequently became
connected with several prominent daily
newspapers. During 1851-54 he was ap
pointed on the personal staff of Gov. Fort,
with the rank of colonel. Since 1884 he
has been state librarian, .and is the most
thoroughly qualified librarian that New
Jersey has ever had. He is prominently
connected with various fraternal orders,
and has been prominent in the public and
political affairs of the state of New Jer
sey.
HAMILTON, PAUL, soldier, governor,
was born Oct. 6, 1762, in St. Paul's parish.
S. C. He served during the revolution;
was comptroller of South Carolina from
1799 to 1804, when he was elected govern
or of the state. In 1809 he was appointed
secretary of the navy. He died June 30,
1816, in Beaufort, S. C.
HAMILTON, PAUL, soldier, planter,
was born Oct. 17, 1816, in Beaufort, S. C.
He received his education at the Charles
ton college. He served in the confeder
ate army in the enrolling department, be
ing disabled from active service. He was
aide-de-camp to Gov. Seabrook: and also
to Gov. Manning, with the rank of colo
nel. He has been a successful planter,
and still resides in the place of his na
tivity.
HAMILTON, PAUL, soldier, was born
Feb. 13, 1842, in Beaufort, S. C. He served
in the confederate army as aid to Gen
Wade Hampton, and was assistant adju
tant-general to Gen. Stephen D. Lee at
Vicksburg, where he fell while display
ing great gallantry, Dec. 29, 1862.
HAMILTON, PHILIP, lawyer, jurist,
was born June 1, 1802, in New York city
He was assistant district attorney in New
York city, and for some time judge advo
cate of the naval retiring board in Brook
lyn.
HAMILTON, ROBERT, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Dec. 5,
1816, in Hamburg, N. J. He was a mem
ber of the New Jersey legislature in 1868
and 1864, serving the last year as speaker.
He was elected to the forty-third con
gress; and was re-elected to the forty -
fourth congress as a democrat.
HAMILTON, ROBERT S., author. He
is the author of Present Status of Social
Science; and Present Status of the Phi
losophy of Society.
HAMILTON, SCHUYLER. soldier, au
thor, was born July 25, 1822, in New York
city. He was a major-general in the fed
eral army during the civil war; and is
the author of History of the American
Flag; and Our National Flag.
HAMILTON, WILLIAM P.. naval offi
cer, was born Oct. 11, 1845. He served in
the confederate navy, and was one of the
three middies who ran the Nashville out
of Beaufort when under strict blockade.
He died May 3, 1875, in Beaufort, S. C.
HAMILTON, WADE, clergyman, was
born July 7, 1855, in Ashley county, Ark
He has been on the board of trustees of
Wiley university for fourteen years,
and president of the board for two years.
He has built a large number of churches
and parsonages, and has contributed ex
tensively to church literature.
HEKR1NGSHAWS KNCYCL.OPEDIA OF AMKKICAN BIOGKAIMIY.
443
HAMILTON, WILLIAM TIFFANY,
lawyer, congressman, governor, United
States senator, was born Sept. 8, 1820, in
Washington county, Md. He was a mem
ber of the legislature in 1846; a repre
sentative in congress from Maryland from
1849 to 1855; and in 1861 declined the
nomination for governor of Maryland. He
was United States senator from Mary
land from 1869 to 1875; and was elected
governor of Maryland for the term of
four years from 1880. He died Oct. 26,
1888, in Hagerstown, Md.
HAMLIN, ALFRED DWIGHT FOSTER,
educator, architect, author, was born in
1855 in Turkey. He is an architect, and
has been professor of architecture in Co
lumbia college since 1889. He is the au
thor of Handbook of the History of Orna
ment.
HAMLIN, AUGUSTUS CHOATE. physi
cian, surgeon, author, was born Aug. 28,
1828, in Columbia, Maine. He is a sur
geon of Bangor; and the author of Mar-
tyria, or Andersouville Prison; The Tour
maline; and Leisure Hours Among the
Gems.
HAMLIN, CHARLES, soldier, author,
was born Sept. 13, 1837, in Hampden,
Maine, and is the son of Hannibal Ham-
lln, who was vice-president of the United
States. He was an officer in the federal
army during the civil war, and has pub
lished The Insolvent Laws of Maine.
HAMLIN. CYRUS, missionary, college
president, author, was born in January,
1811, in Waterford, Maine. He was a con-
gregationalist mis
sionary in Turkey,
in 1837-60; president
of Robert college of
Constantinople in
1860-76, and of Mid-
dlebury college, Vt..
in 1880-85. He is the
author of Papists
and Protestants;
Arithmetic for Amer
icans; Cholera and
Its Treatment;
Among the Turks;
and My Life and Times.
HAMLIN, EDWARD S.. congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1844 to 1845.
HAMLIN, HANNIBAL, statesman, was
born Aug. 27, 1809, in Paris, Maine. He
was a member of the Maine legislature
from 1836 to 1840;
and speaker of the
house in 1837, 1839.
and 1840. He was
elected a representa
tive to the twenty-
eighth congress, and
re-elected to the
twenty-ninth con
gress. He was again
a member of the
house of representa
tives in the state
legislature in 1847;
and was elected to the United States sen
ate, May 26, 1848, for four years, to fill
a vacancy; and was re-elected for six
years in 1851. He was elected governor
of Maine in 1857. He was re-elected
United States senator for six years, and
resigned the office of governor. In 1860
he was nominated by the republican party
as their candidate for the office of vice-
president, and was elected. In 1865 he was
appointed collector of customs for the port
of Boston; and in 1869 took his seat in
the senate for the fourth term; and was
re-elected for the term ending in 1881.
In June of that year he was appointed
minister plenipotentiary to Spain, but
resigned in 1882 and returned home. He
died July 4, 1891, in Bangor, Maine.
HAMLIN, TEUNIS SLINGERLAND,
clergyman, author, was born in 1847 in
New York. He is a presbyterian clergy
man of Washington; and the author of
Denominationalism versus Christian
Union.
HAMLINE, LEONIDAS LENT, bishop,
author, was born May 10, 1797, in Bur
lington. Conn. He was a methodist
bishop prominent in Ohio; and the author
of Sermons; and Works. He died March
23, 1865, in Mount Pleasant, Iowa.
HAMMER, EDWARD JOSIAH, lawyer,
jurist, was born Feb. 16, 1862, in Fort
Bend county, Texas. He practiced law
until 1894, when he was appointed judge
of the thirty-ninth judicial district of
Texas.
HAMMER, JOHN T., artist, was born
Jan. 1, 1842, in Germany. He studied art
in Munich and Paris, and has attained
prominence as a landscape and portrait
painter.
HAMMERS. ISAAC B., farmer, state
legislator, was born Oct. 20, 1861, in
Woodford county, 111. He served as a
member of the thirty-ninth and fortieth
general assemblies of Illinois.
HAMMET, WILLIAM J.. clergyman,
congressman, was born in Virginia. He
was chaplain of the university of Virginia,
when he finished his education; and was
at one time chaplain of congress. He
was a representative in congress from
Mississippi from 1843 to 1845.
HAMMETT, SAMUEL A., journalist,
author, was born in 1816 in Jewett City.
Conn. He was a journalist of New York
city; and the author of A Stray Yankee
in Texas; and The Wonderful Adventures
of Captain Priest. He died Dec. 24, 1865.
in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HAMMOCK, WILLIAM THOMAS, edu
cator, lawyer, lecturer, writer, was born
Dec. 24, 1866, in Calhoun county, Miss.
He began educational work at the age of
sixteen; has taught several state and
county normal schools; was principal of
Heber High school in 1891-92; and for
four years was superintendent of schools
of Cleburne county, Ark. In 1890 he was
the editor of The Monitor of Quitman.
Ark., in which city he is now success
fully engaged in the practice of law. He
is an able writer on current topics, and a
brilliant orator.
HAMMOND, ABRAM A., lawyer, jurist,
governor, was born March, 1814, in Brat-
tleboro, Vt. He was made a judge of the
court of common pleas in Indianapolis;
emigrated to California in 1852, but re
turned to Indiana in 1854, locating at Ter-
re Haute. In 1860 he was elected gov
ernor of the state, serving until 1861. He
died Aug. 27, 1874, in Denver, Colo.
HAMMOND, ANDREW BENONI, mer
chant, banker, was born July 22, 1848,
in New Brunswick, N. J. He converted
his firm into a corporation in 1885, as
the Missoula Mercantile company, and
has ever since been its president.
HAMMOND, ANTHONY, lawyer, au
thor. He was the author of Law of Nisi
Priiis; Parties to Actions; Principles of
Pleading; Reports in Equity; Criminal
Code; Forgery; Practice and Proceedings
in Parliament; Index to Tennessee Re
ports; Criminal Code; and Simple Lar
ceny.
HAMMOND, CHARLES ADDISON, cler
gyman, lawyer, prohibitionist, was born
Sept. 15, 1825, in Freetown, N. Y. He re
ceived his education at the Cortlandville
academy, and at the New York Central
college. For three years he was cler
gyman of the church of Peterboro, N. Y.
As a lawyer his work has been largely in
behalf of public interests, and for years
was prosecuting attorney for Citizens'
committees to enforce anti-liquor laws in
Central New York. In early life he was
an active abolitionist, and the intimate
friend of Gerrit Smith, the famous abo
litionist, philanthropist and reformer. Mr.
Hammond has always been an earnesl
temperance reformer; and one of the
leading prohibitionists of Syracuse, N. Y.
HAMMOND, D. JUDSON, soldier, mer
chant, legislator, was born Jan. 15, 1841.
in Oakland county, Mich. During the
war he was drafted
and furnished a sub
stitute; and at the
expiration of his
lease enlisted and
served in the twen
ty-second and twen
ty-ninth regiments
Michigan volunteer
infantry. After the
war he engaged in
the speculation of
oil in Canada; but
subsequently r e -
turned to Michigan, where since 1871 he
has lived in Pontiac. For ten years he
dealt in produce; and for ten years was
engaged in banking and real estate, in
which business he is still engaged. He
is a prominent member of the Grand
Army of the Republic and other orders;
has been alderman of his city; and in 1898
served with distinction as a representa
tive in the Michigan state legislature.
HAMMOND, DUDLEY WHITLOCK.
surgeon, author, was born May 12, 1809, in
Pickens county, S. C. In 1853 he removed
to Macon, Ga. He is the author of a pa
per on An Improved Plan for Extracting
Urethra! Calculi.
HAMMOND, EDWARD, congressman,
was born in Maryland. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1849 to 1853.
HAMMOND, EDWARD PAYSON, evan
gelist, author, was born Sept. 1, 1831, in
Ellington, Conn. He is a noted evangelist
who has been a prolific author of religious
books and tracts. Among his hundred or
more publications are, Good Will to Men:
Sketches of Palestine; The Conversion of
Children; and Gathered Lambs.
HAMMOND, ELI SHELBY, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born April 21, 1838.
in Brandon, Miss. He served in the con
federate states army; was lieutenant of
the second Tennessee infantry; and ad
jutant of the fourteenth Tennessee cav
alry. He has served with distinction as
United States district judge for the west
ern district of Tennessee.
HAMMOND, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
physician, state senator, poet, was born
May 12, 1802, in Gilsum, N. H. He served
his district as state senator in 1855-56.
He is the author of a number of rare po
ems. He died Jan. 30, 1872, in Stock-
bridge, N. Y.
HAMMOND, MRS. HENRIETTA HAR
DY, author, was born in 1854 in Virginia.
She was a southern writer of fiction; and
the author of The Georgians; A Fair Phi
losopher; Her Waiting Heart; and Wo
man's Secrets, or How to be Beautiful.
HAMMOND, HENRY B., lawyer, rail
road president, was born Feb. 18, 1840, in
Douglas, Mass. In 1861 he accepted the
position of consul to Dublin, Ireland,
and was instrumental in establishing the
money-order system at present existing
in the postoffice. In 1871 he became presi
dent of the Indiana and Illinois Central
railroad.
444
KKKINCSHASVS KN< 'Y( M.< ll'Kl >l A OF A.MKKH'AN 111OOKA I'l I Y.
HAMMOND. JABEZ I)., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, author, was
born Aug. 2. 1778. in New Bedford. Mass.
He was a lawyer and popular political
writer of New York. He was a represen
tative in congress from New York from
1815 to 1817. and, on the expiration of
his term, was elected to the state senate,
of which he was a member until 1821. He
was elected county judge in 1838. and
he was elected a regent of the university
of New York, and held the office until his
death. He published works entitled Jul
ius Melbourn; The Political History of
New York; Life and Times of Silas
Wright; and Evidence of the Immortality
of the Soul. He died Aug. 18. 1855. in
Cherry Valley, N. Y.
HAMMOND. .1AMKS I!., inventor. was
born April 23, 1839. in Boston, Mass. II'
invented the Hammond typewriter.
HAMMOND. JAMES HENRY, lawyer,
journalist, governor. United States seua
tor, author, was born Nov. 15, 1807. in
Xewbury district, S. C. He served his na
tive state in congress from 1835 to 1837.
In 1841 he was appointed a general of
militia; and in 1842 was elected govern
or of South Carolina. In 1857 he was
elected to the I'nited States senate to fill
a vacancy. He originated the expression
Cotton is King. He was the author of The
Pro-Slavery Argument. He died Nov. 13.
1864.
HAMMOND, JOHN, soldier, manufac
turer, congressman, was born Aug. 27.
1827, in Crown Point, N. Y. He served
in the union army from IXlil to 1865, ris
ing from the ranks to brigadier-general.
He was elected president of the Crown
Point Iron company; was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses as a
republican.
HAMMOND. JOHN FOX. physician,
was born Dec. 7, 1821, in Columbia, S. C.
He was appointed assistant surgeon in the
Fnited States army in 1847. In 1862 he was
medical director of the second army corps
of the Potomac, and was present at the
siege of Yorktown and the principal bat
tles of the peninsula. He died Sept. 29,
1886, in Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
HAMMOND. LE ROY, soldier, was born
about 1740 in Richmond county, Va. In
1779 he took the field with his regiment
and played an important part in the bat
tle of Stono Ferry. After the fall of
Charleston he adopted, like Marion and
others, a desultory warfare, and was con
stantly engaged in fighting the loyalists.
British and Indians. He died about 1800.
HAMMOND. MARCTS Cl.Al'DU'S
MARCELLUS, soldier, author, was born
Dec. 12, 1814, in Newberry district. S. C.
He was a United States army officer
whose home was in South Carolina, and
who published A Critical History of the
Mexican war. He died Jan. 23. 1876. in
Aiken county. S. C.
HAMMOND. NATHANIEL .1., lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 26, 1833, in
Elbart, Ga. He was solicitor-general from
1861 to 1865; was reporter of the state
supreme court from 1867 to 1872; and was
attorney-general of the state from 1872
' to 1877. He was a member of the con
stitutional conventions of 1865 and 1877.
He was elected a representative from
Georgia to the forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-eighth and forty-ninth congresses
as a democrat.
HAMMOND. ROBERT H.. congress
man, was born in Pennsylvania. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1837 to 1841. He died June
2, 1847.
HAMMOND. SAMUEL, soldier, states
man, was born Sept. 21, 1757, in Rich
mond county, Va. When the revolution
broke out he dis
played great bravery
and ability at the
battle of Long
Bridge. In 1793 he
headed a volunteer
corps, and did good
service in the Creek
country. He served
a number of years in
the Georgia legisla
ture; and was one of
the early governors
of the state. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1803 to 1805; and was appoint
ed military and civil commandant of Up
per Louisiana and recenei of public
moneys in Missouri. He was also presi
dent of the bank of St. Louis. In 1824 he
returned to South Carolina, and was elect
ed to the legislature of that state; was
appointed surveyor general: and in 1831
secretary of state. He died Sept. 11. 1842.
in Augusta, Maine.
HAMMOND. THOMAS, merchant, ban
ker, congressman, was born Feb. 27. 1843.
in Fitchburg, Mass. In the spring of 1888
he was elected mayor of Hammond, Ind..
and has been re-elected twice since, serv
ing his third term when elected to con
gress. He was elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
HAMMOND, WILLIAM ALEXANDER,
physician, author, was born Aug. 28, 1828.
in Annapolis, Md. He is an eminent phy
sician of New York city, surgeon-general
of the United States army in 1862-64; and
now on the retired list as brigadier-gen
eral and surgeon-general. His medical
writings Include Military Hygiene; Phy
siological Essays; Sleep and its Derange
ments; Nervous Derangements; Physio
logical Memoirs; Lectures on Venereal
Diseases; Wakefulness; Insanity In its
Medico-Legal Relations; Physics and
Physiology of Spiritualism: Diseases of
the Nervous System; Insanity and its
Medical Relations: Sexual Impotence In
the Male; Cerebral Hypenemia; and Neu
rological Contributions. His novels in
clude Robert Severne; Lai; Dr. G rattan:
Mr. Oldmixon; A Strong-Minded Woman:
and On the Susquehanna.
HAMMONS. DAVID, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 1807, in
Oxford county, Maine. He was a member
of the senate of Maine In 1840 and 1841:
and was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1847 to 1849.
HAMMONS, JAMES THOMPSON, sol
dier, educator, lawyer, jurist, was born
Aug. 9, 1845, in Middleton, Mass. He re
ceived his education at the Pennington
college. Texas. He served nearly four
years in the confederate army. For ten
years lie was engaged in educational
work; for four years was editor of The
Anchor of Eastland. Texas: and for six
years served with distinction as county
judge of his county. For nearly twenty
years he has been in the active practice
of law; and as an orator is known as the
Demosthenes of the Post Oaks.
HAMMONS, JOSEPH, congressman. He
was a representative In congress from
New Hampshire from 1829 to 1833. He
died In April, 1833, in Farmington, N. H.
HAMPTON. CHARLES S., journalist,
legislator, was born Sept. 10, 1856, in
Medina. Mich. In 1875 he graduated from
the Adrian college, Michigan. He has
served with distinct ion as a member of
the Michigan state legislature; has been
state game and fish warden of Michigan;
and has filled numerous other public po
sitions of honor. He is the editor and
proprietor of the Independent Democrat
of Petoskey. Mich.; and has contributed
extensively to periodical literature.
HAMPTON. JAMES G.. congressman,
was born in New Jersey. He was a rep
resentative in congress from his native
state from 1845 to 1849.
HAMPTON. MOSES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Oct. 28. 1808, in
Beaver county. Pa. From 1847 to 1851
he was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania, and declined a re-election.
In 1853 he was elected president judge
of the district court for Allegheny county.
HAMPTON. WADE, soldier, planter,
congressman, was born in 1765, in South
Carolina. He took an active part in the
war of the revolution: was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1795 to 1797, and from 1803 to 1805. He
spent the larger part of his life engaged
in agricultural pursuits, by which he
amassed a very large fortune, having been
called the richest planter in the United
States. He died Feb. 4. 1835, in Columbia.
S. C.
HAMPTON. WADE, soldier, governor,
congressman. United States senator, was
born March 28, 1818, in Charleston, S. C.
At different times he served in both
branches of the legislature, being a state
senator at the time the state seceded. He
resigned from the senate and entered the
confederate army: and served with con
spicuous gallantry, rising to the rank of
major-general. He was elected governor
of South Carolina in 1876, and was re-
elected in 1878. In December of the lat
ter year he was elected a senator of the
United States for the term of six years
from March 4, 1879; and in 1885 was re-
elected for the term ending in 1891.
HAMPTON, WILLIAM H., soldier, law
yer, was born July 15, 1842, in Montgom
ery', Ala. He received his education
at the Altamont academy of Tennes
see. During the war he served as captain
of the tenth regiment Tennessee cavalry.
He became county treasurer of Grundy
county, Tenn.; and subsequently served
as assistant United States marshal. He
has become prominent as an able lawyer
of Tracy City. Tenn.
HAMTRAMCK. JOHN FRANCIS, sol
dier, statesman, jurist, was born in 1798.
in Fort Wayne, Ind. In 1835 he was cap
tain of the Virginia militia, and held this
post until his death. He served in the
Mexican war as colonel of the first regi
ment of Virginia volunteers. In 1853 he
was appointed justice of the Jefferson
county court, which office he held until
the time of his death. He died April 21.
1858, in Shepherdstown.
HANAFORD. MRS.PHEBE ANN 1 COF
FIN], clergyman, author, poet, was born
May 6, 1829, in Nantucket, Mass. She is a
universalist minister, the first woman to
enter the ministry in the universalist de
nomination. Since 1887 she has been in
charge of a church at New Haven. She
is the author of Life of Abraham Lin
coln; Life of George Peabody; Lucretia
the Quakeress; Leonette. or Truth Sought
and Found; The Best of Books and its
History; Frank Nelson, the Runawa>
Boy; The Soldier's Daughter; Field.
Gunboat, and Hospital; Women of the
Century; The Capthe Boy of Tierra del
Fuego; Life of Dickens; and From
Shore to Shore, and Other Poems.
HKKKINCJHHAW8
HAN BACK, LEWIS, soldier, lawyer
mo <>(?"?re;ssman- was born March" 21
and '.'h-Y Im'heStei'' I1K He sei've" ""'OH
and a half years in the union army dur
ing the war of the rebellion. He was pro
bate judge of Shawnee county, Kan.,' for
torn years; was assistant United States
morenthy T Ule dl8trict of Kansas for
.01 e than two years; and in 1879 was ap-
H ? K/e0e»er °f P"bli<> monevs at Sa-
vo'f V Was eleote(1 a representa
tive from Kansas to the forty-eighth con
gress; and was re-elected to the fortv-
Hh congress as a republican
HANCHER, JOHN WILLIAM, educator
clergyman, was born April 9, 1856 near
™* T Ohi°i. Durln* six >'eal's of his
pastorates in Kansas and Iowa he pur-
frnm th" *^es- aiul in 1888 graduated
from the Dakota School of Mines. He has
traveled extensively in Europe and Amer
ica; and is a man of strong will-power
and untiring perseverance. Dr Hancher
is the founder of the Black Hills college
of Hot Springs. S. IX: and was its presi-
lent from its organization in 1889 He
has lectured extensively through the wesf
has been a clergyman of the methodist
nscopal church since 1889; and since
March 15, 1897, has been pastor of the
Grand A venue Methodist Episcopal church
of Kansas City, Mo.
HANCHETT. HENRY G.. musician,
composer, was born Aug. 29 1853 He is
a successful concert pianist; and has
MOO director of various musical societies
in New York.
HANCHETT, LUTHER, lawyer, state
'nator, congressman, was born Oct 25
825, in Portage county, Ohio. He was
four years district attorney for Portage
county in his adopted state; and from
isnb to I860 was a member of the Wiscon
sin senate. In I860 he was elected a rep
resentative from Wisconsin to the thirty-
seventh congress. He died Nov 26 1862
in Madison, Wis.
HANCHETT, M. W.. musician invent
or, was born in Hartford county, Conn
tor many years he has been conductor of
music and organist in Syracuse, N. Y. He
is the inventor of a tone-sustaining pedal
for the pianoforte, now used bv piano
artists.
OF AMERICAN BKXHUPHY.
44?
a member of the convention to form a
state constitution: and was governor of
Massachusetts for five years, after the
adoption of its constitution, and, under
he federal constitution from 1789 until
Ins death. He died Oct. 8, 1793.
HANCOCK, JOHN. lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Oct. 29 1824 in Jack
son county, Ala. He was elected to the dis-
•t bench of Texas; and served as judge
18oo, when he resigned. He was a
member of the state legislature In I860 and
: refused to take the oath of allegi
ance to the confederate states, and was
expelled. He was elected a member of the
state constitutional convention of 1866
? was elected to the forty-second and'
-third congresses; and was re-elected
to the forty-fourth congress; and was also
elected a representative from Texas to
the forty-eighth congress.
HANCOCK. WILLIAM A., lawyer, ju-
it, civil engineer, was born May 17 1831
in Barre. Mass. He received his education
m the public and private schools of his
native city and at Leicester academy In
5 he moved to Iowa, and subsequently
crossed the plains with a band of cattle
settling in Sacramento valley Cal where
he engaged in the dairy and cattle busi-
During the civil war he enlisted
the seventh regiment California volun
teer Infantry; and was subsequently com-
ssioned second lieutenant of the first
regiment Arizona volunteers, and was
honorably discharged as first lieutenant
In 1871 he was appointed district attorney
Mancopa county, which position he
tilled until 1875, when he was appointed
probate judge for four years. In 1884 he
was elected district attorney; and now
practices his profession at Phoenix Ariz
He surveyed and located many of the irri
gation canals of the valley; was the pro
moter and organizer of the Agua Fria
Water and Land company; and has been
its secretary, chief engineer and general
superintendent since the organization of
that company.
HANCOCK, ANSON URIEL, author
He is the author of The Genius of Galilee
an historical novel; John Auhurntop
Novelist; and Old Abraham Jackson a
Nebraska Story.
HANCOCK, GEORGE, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1755, in Virginia. He
served as a colonel in the revolution,
e was a representative in congress from
\ irginia from 1793 to 1797. He died Aug
1, 1820, in Fotheringay, Va.
HANCOCK, JOHN, merchant, states
man, was born Jan. 12, 1737. in Quiney
Mass. In 1766 he went into the general
assembly of the
state, where he be
came distinguished
for his ability. In
1774 he was unani
mously elected pres
ident of the provin
cial congress, and
having been elected
a delegate to the
continental congress
in 1775, was chosen
president of that
body, serving as such
two years and a half, and as a delegate
rom 1775 to 1780, and from 1785 to 1786.
e was the first man to sign the declara
tion of independence, and his peculiar sig
nature is universally known. He also
signed the articles of confederation- was
HANCOCK. WINFIELD SCOTT sol
dier, was born Feb. 14, 1824, in Mont
gomery square, Pa. He graduated from
the West Point Mili-
t a r y academy i n
1844; and for the
two years following
he was second lieu
tenant of the sixth
infantry. He served
with distinction in
the Mexican war;
and in 1861 was com
missioned brigadier-
general. For his ser
vices he received a
resolution of thanks
passed by congress in 1866. In 1880 he
was an unsuccessful candidate for the
presidency of the United States. He died
Feb. 9, 1886, on Governor's Island, N. Y.
HAND, ALFRED, lawyer, jurist, was
born March 26, 1835, in Honesdale, Pa.
He has been presiding judge of common
pleas, and justice of the supreme court
of Pennsylvania at Scranton.
HAND, AUGUSTUS C.. lawyer jurist
congressman, was born Sept. 4 1803 in
Stoneham, Vt. He settled at Elizabeth-
town. N. Y. ; and was surrogate of his
county from 1831 to 1839. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1839 to 1841; and a member of the
state senate from 1845 to 1848. He was a
justice of the supreme court from 1848 to
1856, after which he was wholly devoted
to the practice of his profession. He died
March 8, 1878. in Elizabethtown, N Y
HAND, DANIEL, merchant, philanthro
pist, was born July 16, 1801, in Madison
onn. He became a merchant in Au
gusta, Ga.. and Charleston, S. C where
he accumulated a fortune. He 'gave a
high-school building to his native town'
and m 1888 gave $1,000,000 to the Ameri
can Missionary association, to be held in
trust for educational purposes. He died
Dec. 17, 1891, in Guilford Conn
HAND, DANIEL WHILLDIN, surgeon
educator, was born Aug. 18, 1834, in New'
Jersey. Since 1872 he has been president
of the Minnesota board of health.
1 OO9 ll^rtllil, 1H
188,5 was appointed professor of surgerv
m the university of Minnesota, and is one
cietv umiers of the state Medical so-
HAND, EDWARD, congressman. He
was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
itinental congress in 1784 and 1785.
HAND, EDWARD, soldier, was born
U«C. 31. 1744, in Ireland. He was pro
moted a colonel in 1776; engaged in the
battles of Long Island and Trenton and
was appointed brigadier-general. He died
Sept. 3, 1802, in Rockford Pa.
HAND, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, was
born May 1, 1834, in Elizabethtown N Y
He practiced law with his father in'Eliza-
bethtown till his removal in 1860 to Al
bany. He was corporation counsel for the
city of Albany in 1863, and subsequentlv
a judge. He died May 21, 1886, in Al
bany, N. Y.
HANDLEY, GEORGE, soldier, state leg
islator, governor, was born Feb. 9 1752 in
England. During the whole revolutionary
war he was actively engaged in South
C arolma and Georgia. He was repeatedly
a member of the Georgia state legislature
of which state he served as governor in
1788. He died Sept. 17, 1793. in Rae's Hall
Ga.
HANDLEY, WILLIAM A., merchant
congressman, was born Dec. 15, 1834 in
Franklin. Ga. He was for many years a
mail contractor; and was engaged in mer
cantile pursuits in the service of the con
federate states, as a civil and military
offlcer from 1861 to 1865. He was elected
to the forty-second congress as represen
tative from Alabama.
HANDY, ALEXANDER HAMILTON
jurist, was born Dec. 25, 1809, in Princess
Anne, Md. He was a judge of the high
court of errors from 1853 till 1867 when
he resigned. He died Sept. 12, 1883 in
Canton, Miss.
HANDY, JAMES A., bishop, was born
Dec. 22, 1826. in Maryland. In 1892 he
was ordained bishop, his district compris
ing methodist episcopal churches in Mis
souri, Kansas. Nebraska, Colorado Wyo
ming, and Montana.
HANDY, LEVI IRVING, educator, jour
nalist, lecturer, congressman, was born
Dec. 24, 1861, in Berlin, Md. He attended
public and private
schools in Maryland
and New York;
taught school in
Somerset county,
Md., and came to
Smyrna, Del., to
teach in 1881. He
was superintendent
of free schools in
Kent county in 1887-
90; was chairman of
the democratic state
central committee in
and was editorial writer on Wil
mington Every Evening in 1894-95. He is
a popular lecturer and has since 1890 de
livered lectures in lyceum courses in many
sections of the country. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
146
IIKHRINGBHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HANEY, DICK, lawyer, jurist, was
born Nov. 10, 1852, in Lansing, Iowa. He
has been judge of the circuit court of
South Dakota from its admission to the
union to Feb. 1, 1896, when he was ap
pointed judge of the supreme court of that
state.
HANFORD, CORNELIUS H., lawyer,
jurist, was born April 21, 1849, in Van
Buren county, Iowa. He is one of the
foremost lawyers of the west, and promi
nent in the public affairs of Washington
territory. He has served as city attorney
of Seattle; and was a member of the
council of Washington territory. He
served with distinction as chief justice of
Washington territory; and is now United
States district judge for the state of Wash
ington.
HANKINSON, RICHARD H., merchant,
legislator, was born Sept. 7, 1841, in Grand
Rapids, Mich. He received his education
in the public schools
of his native city;
and in 1861 enlisted
in the eighth Michi
gan volunteer infan
try, and served with
gallantry throughout
the war; and was
promoted to first ser
geant. For many
years he was super
intendent of the
Northwestern Tele
graph company in
Minneapolis, Minn. In 1878 he organized
the Northwestern Telephone company,
and was its first general manager. In
1882 he moved to Hankinson, N. D., where
he has attained success as a merchant.
He served with distinction as a member
of the first and fifth state legislatures of
North Dakotn.
HANKS, HORACE TRACY, physician,
was born June 27, 1837, in Randolph. Vt.
He was secretary for several years and
vice-president for three years of the New
York Academy of Medicine. He is a pro
lific writer for medical publications.
HANKS, JAMES M., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Feb. 12, 1833, in He
lena, Ala. He was elected judge of the
first district of Arkansas in 1864, and re
mained upon the bench until 1868. He
was elected to the forty-second congress
as a representative from his native state.
HANLON, THOMAS, clergyman, educa
tor, was born March 23, 1832, in New York
city. He has been president of Penning-
ton seminary since 1876.
HANLY, J. FRANK, educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 4, 1863, in
Champaign county, 111. He was elected to
the Indiana state senate in 1890; and
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a re
publican.
HANNA. HOWARD MELVILLE, manu
facturer, was born Jan. 23, 1840, in Lis
bon, Ohio. In 1886 he organized the Globe
Iron Works company of Cleveland, Ohio,
and became president. From these works
have been launched fifty steel steamers,
and several other vessels for the federal
government and private owners.
HANNA. JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born Sept. 3, 1827, in Marion county,
Ind. He removed to Kansas, and was a
representative in its territorial legislature
in 1857 and 1858. He returned to Indiana;
and was a presidential elector in 1860. In
1861 he was appointed United States dis
trict attorney for the district of Indiana,
and was reappointed in 1865. He was
elected a representative from Indiana in
the forty-fifth congress.
HANNA, JOHN A., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1797 to 1805.
HANNA, MARCUS ALONZO, financier,
United States senator, was born Sept. 24,
1837 in New Lisbon, Ohio. He is presi
dent of the Union
National i> ;i n k a f
^^K^. E Cleveland; and was
government director
of the Union Pacific
Railway company in
1885, by appointment
of President Cleve
land. He was a del
egate to the national
republican conven
tions of 1884, 1888,
and 1896; was elected
chairman of the na
tional republican committee in 1896, and
still holds that position. He was ap
pointed to the United States senate as a
republican in 1897, to fill a vacancy.
HANNA. ROBERT, soldier, United
States senator, was born April 6, 1786, in
Laurens, S. C. He was a member of the
Indiana constitutional convention of 1816;
and a general of militia. He was for
many years in the state legislature; and
was a senator in congress from Indiana
from 1831 to 1832. He died Nov. 19, 1858,
in Indianapolis, Ind.
HANNA, WILLIAM BRANTLY. jurist.
was born Nov. 23, 1835, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was assistant district attorney of
Philadelphia for several years, and from
1867 till 1874 served in the councils of
the city. In 1872 he was elected a member
of the constitutional convention of the
state. In 1874 he was elected one of the
three first judges of the orphans' court
of Philadelphia; and in 1878 was commis
sioned to be the first president judge of
this court.
HANNEGAN. EDWARD A., lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born in Ohio. He was frequently a mem
ber of the state legis
lature; and was a
representative i n
congress from In
diana from 1833 to
1837. He was a sen
ator in congress from
1843 to 1849, officiat
ing part of the time
as chairman of the
committee on roads
and canals and on
enrolled bills; on his
retirement from the
senate he was appointed minister to Prus
sia, and on his return from Europe took
up his residence in Missouri. He died
Feb. 25, 1850, In St. Louis, Mo.
HANNIBAL, RASMUS, lawyer, jurist,
was born July 10, 1850, in Denmark. He
has attained prominence as a successful
lawyer of St. Paul, Neb. He was elected
county judge of Howard county, Neb.,
which position he has filled with distinc
tion, and is now serving his fifth term
in that office, which will make ten years
in all.
HANRAHAN, JOHN DAVID, physi
cian, was born Jan. 18, 1844, in Ireland.
He has attained prominence as a physi
cian, and has a lucrative practice in New
York city.
HANSBROUGH, HENRY C., journalist,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Jan. 30, 1848, in Prairie du Rocher,
111. He removed to the then territory of
Dakota In 1882, engaging in journalism:
became prominent as an advocate of thP
republican policy of division and admis
sion; and was twice elected mayor of
his city. He received the republican nom
ination for congress at the first state
convention and was elected to the fifty-
first congress. He was elected to the
United States senate as a republican in
1891.
HANSCOM, CHARLES WATTS, manu
facturer, legislator, was born Oct. 26, 1853.
in Machias, Maine. In 1886 he was elected
a member of the fifteenth territorial leg
islature of Montana. In 1890 he assisted
in the formation of the people's party in
Montana.
HANSCORN, ABNER LEWIS, farmer,
state senator, was born Jan. 1, 1848, in
Springfield, Maine. He has filled numer
ous public offices of trust in North Da
kota; and served with distinction as a
member of the state senate.
HANSON, ALEXANDER CONTEE, ju
rist, was born Oct. 22, 1749. He was the
first judge of the general court of Mary
land under the constitution of 1776, and
prepared a compilation of the laws of the
state. He died in 1806, in Annapolis, Md
HANSON, ALEXANDER CONTEE.
lawyer, journalist, congressman, United
States senator, was born Feb. 27, 1786, in
Maryland. He was a presidential elector
in 1789 and 1793; and at one time edited
a political newspaper called the Federal
Republican, first at Baltimore and then at
Georgetown, D. C. He subsequently is
sued his paper in Georgetown; afterward
settled in Baltimore; and was elected a
representative in congress, serving from
1813 to 1816, when he was elected a sena
tor of the United States from Maryland
He died April 23, 1810, in Belmont, Md.
HANSON, EDGAR FILMORE, .author,
was born in 1853, in Maine. He was the
author of Demonology or Spiritualism,
Ancient and Modern.
HANSON. ELIZA RICE, author, was
born April 11, 1825, in Norridgewock.
Maine. She published Women Workers, a
popular book. She died Sept. 16, 1865, in
Blue Island, 111.
HANSON, JAMES H., educator, author,
was born June 26, 1816, in China, Maine.
In 1865 he took charge of the Watervillc
academy, making it a preparatory school
to Colby university. He is the author of
a Latin prose book and other text-books-
used extensively in preparatory schools
and colleges.
HANSON, JOHN, congressman. He was
a delegate from Maryland to the continen
tal congress from 1781 to 1783; and pres
ident of that body during the first ses
sion, and a signer of the articles of con
federation. He died Nov. 13. 1783. in
Prince George county.
HANSON, JOHN WESLEY, clergyman,
author, was born May 12, 1823, in Boston.
Mass. He received a thorough education
in the private and public schools of Mass
achusetts, in Lowell and Boston. During
the civil war he was chaplain of the sixth
regiment Massachusetts volunteer infan
try. He has attained eminence as a suc
cessful clergyman: and for many years
he has been editor of the New Covenant
of Chicago, 111. He Is the author of
about thirty volumes, the most notable of
which are: Histories of Danvers, Nor
ridgewock. and Gardiner, in Maine; Bible
Threatenings Explained; Cloud of Wit
nesses, a compilation; Aion Aionos; Bi
ble Proofs of Universal Salvation: Ser
mons on the Lord's Prayer; The Leaven
at Work: and The New Covenant, a
translation of the New Testament.
HKKR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
447
HAPGOOD, ISABELLA FLORENCE,
translator, author, was born in 1850, in
Massachusetts. She is a translator from
the Russian and French; and the author
of The Epic Songs of Russia; Russian
Rambles; and Translations of Gogol and
Victor Hugo.
HARADEN, JONATHAN, naval officer,
was born in 1745, in Gloucester, Mass.
When the war of independence began he
joined the Tyrannicide as first lieuten
ant, and shortly afterward was promoted
captain, and appointed to the command of
the Pickering. He died Nov. .26, 1803, in
Salem, Mass.
HARALSON, HUGH A., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 13, 1805, in
Greene county, Ga. He was for many
years a member of the Georgia legisla
ture; and was a representative in con
gress from 1843 to 1851. He participated
in the military affairs of the state, and
was a major-general of militia. He died
in October, 1854. in his home.
HARALSOEN, JEREMIAH, state sena
tor, congressman, was born April 1, 1846,
in Muscogee county, Ga. In 1870 he was
elected to the state legislature; in 1871
a justice of the peace; and was for three
years president of the Alabama Labor
union. In 1872 he was elected a state sen
ator; and in 1874 was elected to the
forty-fourth congress from the state of
Alabama as a republican.
HARBAUGH, HENRY, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 28, 1817,
near Waynesborough, Pa. He was a Ger
man reformed clergyman of Pennsylvania,
professor in Mercersburg seminary, whose
principal writings include Fathers of the
German Reformed Church in Europe and
America; The Heavenly Home; Christo-
logical Theology; The True Glory of Wo
man; Heaven, or the Sainted Dead; Birds
of the Bible; The Golden Censor; and
Union with the Church. He died Dec. 28,
1867, in Mercersburg, Pa.
HARBAUGH, THOMAS CHALMERS,
author, poet, was born Jan. 3, 1849, in
Middletown, Md. He is the author of
numerous poems of
the events of the civ
il war, which have
been delivered at
regimental reunions
and Grand Army
gatherings. He de
voted his whole time
to literature, and is
the author of a vol
ume of poems enti
tled Maple Leaves;
and various other
works. His poems
have been given a place in several stand
ard collections.
HARBERT, MRS. ELIZABETH BOYN-
TON, lecturer, journalist, author, poet,
was born April 15, 1843, in Crawfords-
ville, Ind. She delivered her first lecture
in Crawfordsville in 1869; succeeded in
inducing the republicans of Iowa to put
into the state platform a woman's plank;
and has always taken an active part in
the woman's suffrage movement. For
eight years she edited the woman's de
partment of the Chicago Inter Ocean; and
is the author of The Golden Fleece; Out
of Her Sphere; and Amore.
HARBY, ISAAC, dramatist, author,
was born in 1788, in Charleston. S. C.
He was a dramatist of Charleston whose
plays include Alexander Severus; The
Gordian Knot; and Alberti. He died Nov.
14, 1828, in New York city.
HARBY, MRS. LEE COHEN, author,
was born in 1849. in South Carolina. She
is a New York writer, formerly of Texas,
who has published Christmas Before the
War.
HARCOURT, ASHTON PERRY, lawyer,
legislator, was born July 6, 1832, in Mt.
Eden, Ky. He has served twice as a
member of the Kentucky state legisla
ture.
HARD, ANSON WALES, importer, was
born Oct. 16, 1841, in Arlington, Vt. In
1875 he formed the present house of Hard
and Rand, coffee importers, now recog
nized as a leading concern in the business,
having branch houses in Santos, Rio de
Janeiro, London and Batavia.
HARD, GIDEON, state senator, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1833 to
1837; and a state senator from 1842 to
1847.
HARD, MANLEY S., clergyman, was
born Oct. 4, 1842, in Penfield, N. Y. He
graduated from the Genesee Wesleyan
seminary of Lima,
N. Y., and from the
Syracuse university.
He is a pastor, pre
siding elder, and
member of four gen
eral conferences, and
secretary in each.
For twenty years he
has been secretary in
the central New York
and Wyoming con
ferences of the meth-
odist episcopal
church; a trustee of the New York State
Custodial Asylum for Feeble Minded Wo
men; trustee of the Wyoming Conference
seminary and the Syracuse university;
and a member of various boards and as
sociations.
HARD. MIRONE, educator, was born
Dec. 6, 1849, in Columbus, Ohio. In 1873
he graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan
university; and has since principally been
engaged in educational work. For four
years he was principal of the high school
at Washington Court House, Ohio; for ten
years was superintendent of instruction
at Gallipolis, Ohio; and since 1887 has
been superintendent of instruction at Sa
lem, Ohio. He is now the honored presi
dent of the Ohio State Teachers' associa
tion.
HARDEE, WILLIAM JOSEPH, soldier,
author, was born about 1817, in Savannah,
Ga. He was a confederate general who
was the author of a well-known work on
Rifle and Light Infantry Tactics. He died
Nov. 6, 1873, in Wytheville, Va.
HARDEMAN. ROBERT ULLA, soldier,
financier, was born Nov. 22, 1838, in Bibb
county, Ga. He served as captain and
acting adjutant in the Virginia army un
til the close of the war. He was state
treasurer of Georgia in 1884-92.
HARDEMAN, THOMAS, soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
Jan. 12, 1825, in Eatonton, Ga. In 1853
he was elected a representative in the
Georgia state legislature; and in 1855 was
elected state senator. In 1857 he was
again elected to the assembly; and in 1859
was elected a representative in congress
from Georgia. He served with distinction
in the confederate army during the civil
war; was again elected to the assembly
in 1863, and was speaker of the house;
was re-elected in 1864, and was again
made speaker. In 1874 he was again
elected a representative in the state leg
islature, and was chosen speaker of the
house. He was elected a representative
from Georgia to the forty-eighth congress.
HARDENBERGH, AUGUSTUS A.,
banker, railroad president, congressman,
was born May 18, 1830, in New Bruns
wick, N. J. In 1853 he was elected to the
state legislature; and in 1868 was elected
state director of railroads. In 1874 he was
elected a representative from New Jersey
to the forty-fourth congress; was re-
elected to the forty-fifth congress; de
clined renomination; and in 1878 was
elected president of the Hudson County
National bank. He was elected to the
forty-seventh congress: and declined a
further renomination.
HARDENBERGH, GIRAR1) RUTGERS,
artist, was born Dec. 9, 1856, in New
Brunswick, N. J. He has attained prom
inence as a painter of birds.
HARDENBERGH, JACOB RUTSEN,
clergyman, college president, was born in
1738, in Rosendale, Ulster county, N. Y.
He was the first president of Rutgers col
lege, of which institution he was one of
the founders. He died Oct. 30, 1790. in New
Brunswick, N. J.
HARDEY, MARY ALOYSIA, mother
superior, was born in 1809, in Prince
George county, Md. She was a noted phi
lanthropist. She died June 17, 1886, in
Paris, France.
HARDIE, JAMES, educator, author,
was born about 1750, in Scotland. He
was an educator of New York city; and
the author of Corderii Colloquia; Episto
lary Guide; Freeman's Monitor; Won
ders of Art and Nature, especially in
America; Biographical Dictionary; Ma
lignant Fevers in New York; Viris II-
lustribus Urbis Romse; and Description of
New York City. He died in 1832, in New
York city.
HARDIE, JAMES ALLEN, soldier, edu
cator, was born May 5, 1823, in New York
city. He was an assistant professor of
geography, history, and ethics at West
Point in 1844-46, and served as company
officer in garrison, frontier, and Indian
service till 1861. He was made brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1862. He died
May 5, 1876, in Washington, D. C.
HARDIN, BENJAMIN, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1784.
in Westmoreland county, Pa. In 1808 he
moved to Bardstown, Ky.; was a member
of the legislature in 1810, 1811, 1824, and
1825; and state senator from 1828 to 1832.
He was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1815 to 1817, from 1819 to
1823, and from 1833 to 1837. He was sec
retary of state of Kentucky from 1844 to
1847; and was a member of the state con
stitutional convention in 1849. He died
Sept. 24, 1852, in Bardstown, Ky.
HARDIN'CHARLES H., philanthropist,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born July 15, 1820, in Trumble county, Ky.
He was elected county attorney in Mis
souri; and in 1851 became one of the
managers of the State Lunatic asylum.
In 1852 he was elected to the state legisla
ture, and re-elected in 1855. He was one
of a commission to revise the state laws;
in 1858 was again elected to the legisla
ture; and in 1860 to the state senate; and
again elected to the senate in 1872. In
the following year he was elected gov
ernor of Missouri.
HARDIN, E. R., lawyer, jurist, was born
in Georgia. He was appointed an associ
ate justice of the United States court for
the territory of Nebraska.
HARDIN, JOHN, soldier, was born Oct.
1, 1753, in Fauquier county, Va. At the
beginning of the revolution he joined the
continental army as lieutenant in General
Daniel Morgan's rifle corps. He died in
1792, on the Ohio river.
448
I
HKKKIM'.SIIAWS KNCYCLOI'KI JI A UK A M KUICAX IHOGKAPHY.
HARDI.N. JOHN J.. soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 6, 1810. in
Frankfort. Ky. He held the office of
prosecuting attorney for his circuit: and
was a member of the Illinois legislature
from 1836 to 1842. He was a representa
tive in congress from Illinois from 1843
to 1845. He commanded a regiment in
the war with Mexico, and was killed at
the battle of Buena Vista. He died Feb.
27, 1847. in Buena Vista, Mexico.
HARD1N. MARTIN I)., soldier, lawyer,
I'nited States senator, was born June 21,
1780. on Monongahela River, Pa. He
served for several years in the legislature
of Kentucky: and was at one time sec
retary of state for Kentucky. He served
in tlie northwestern army as a major;
and was a senator in congress during the
years 1810 and 1817. He died Oct. 8, 1823.
in Franklin county, Ky.
HARDING. AARON, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in Greene
county, Ky. In 1840 he was elected to
the state legislature. In 1861 he was
elected a representative from Kentucky
to the thirty-seventh congress: and was
re-elected to the thirty-eighth and thirty-
ninth congresses.
HARDING. ABNKR CLARK, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Feb. 10.
1807. in East Hampton, Conn. He was a
member of the Illinois constitutional con
vention of 1848: and served in the state
legislature in 1848-50. In 1862 he enlisted
as a private in the eighty-third Illinois in
fantry, and. having liecn appointed it*
colonel, served with success at Fort Don-
elson: and was made a brigadier-general.
In 1864 he was elected a representative
from Illinois to the thirty-ninth congress,
and was re-elected to the fortieth congress.
He died July 19. 1874, in Monmouth, 111.
HARDING, BKN.IAMIN F., lawyer,
congressman, I'nited States senator, was
born Jan. 4. 1S2:'.. in Wyoming county,
Pa. In 1849 he settled in Oregon; and in
18")0 was chosen a member of the legis
lative assembly. In 1852 he was chosen
a member of the legislature and made
speaker. In 1853 he was appointed United
States district attorney for the territory of
Oregon: and in 1854 was appointed sec
retary of the territory, which office he
held until Oregon was admitted as a state.
From 1859 to 1862 he was a member of
the state legislature, serving the last two
years as speaker. In 1862 he was elected
a senator in congress from Oregon; and
took his seat during the! third session of
the thirty-seventh congress.
HARDING. GARRICK M.. lawyer, ju
rist, was born July 12, 1827, in Exeter,
Pa. He received his education at the
Franklin academy,
at the Madison acad
emy, and in 1848
graduated from the
Dickinson college of
Carlisle, Pa. He was
admitted to the bar
in 1850; and during
1858-61 was attorney-
general of Luzerne
county. Pa. During
1870-80 he was presi
dent Judge of the
eleventh judicial dis
trict of Pennsylvania, which position he
resigned and returned to the practice of
law. His judicial career covered the days
of the Molly McGuires in Pennsylvania,
many of whom were tried before him and
convicted; some were imprisoned for
long terms, and some were hanged. In
addition to a thorough knowledge of the
law, Judge Harding possessed powers of
oratory that won him fame from the
commencement of his professional career.
HARDING, GEORGE, lawyer, was born
Oct. 26, 1827. in Philadelphia. He was as
sociated with Abraham Lincoln and Ed
win M. Stanton in the McCormick reaper
case, and introduced a miniature grain-
field to illustrate the process of reaping
by machinery. His most successful effort
was in the Tilghman glycerine case, when
his argument induced the supreme court
to reverse its first decision on the same
patent.
HARDING. STEPHEN S., jurist, was
born in Indiana. He removed to Utah:
and was appointed from that territory an
associate justice of the I'nited States
court for the territory of Colorado, resid
ing in Denver City.
HARDING, STEPHEN SELWYN. gov
ernor, poet, was born Feb. 24. 1808, in
Ontario county, N. Y. In 1862 he was
appointed governor of Utah territory.
HARDING, WILLIAM WHITE, jour
nalist, inventor, manufacturer, was born
Nov. 1, 1830, in Philadelphia. From 1863
till 1878 he manufactured paper at the
Inquirer Paper mills, Manayunk. near
Philadelphia, where he introduced many
new systems and inventions. He died May
15. 1889, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HARDY, ALEXANDER MERRILL,
journalist, lawyer, congressman, was born
Dec. 16, 1847. in Canada. In 1869 he went
to New Orleans, where he was engaged in
newspaper work until 1873, when he lo
cated in Natchez, Miss., where he con
ducted a republican newspaper until 1877.
In 1881 he was assigned to duty as clerk
to the superintendent of construction of
the government building at Paducah. Ky. :
and in 1884 located at Washington, Da-
viess county. Ind., where he has since
resided. Ho was elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
HARDY. ARTHUR SHERBURNE, edu
cator, mathematician, author, was born
Aug. 13, 1847. in Andover, Mass. He was
professor of mathematics at Dartmouth
college in 1878-93, and well known both
as no\ elist and mathematician. He is the
author of Elements of Quaternions; New
Methods in Surveying; Elements of An
alytic Geometry: Elements of Calculus;
But Yet a Woman: The Wind of Destiny;
Passe Rose: and Joseph Hardy Neesima.
a biography.
HARDY. JAMES WARD, educator, cler
gyman, college president, was born Jan.
lit. 1Xlf>. in Georgia. He was for several
years professor of mathematics in Grange
college, Ala., and afterward its president.
He died Aug. 14, 1853, in Alabama.
HARDY. JOHN, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born Sept. 19, 1835. in
Scotland, lu 1861 he was a member of the
state house of representatives. He was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-seventh congress to fill a va
cancy; and was re-elected to the forty-
eighth congress.
HARDY. MRS. LIZZIE CLARK, poei.
was born in St. Lawrence county, N. Y.
She is the author of a number of poems,
many of which have been set to music.
HARDY. SAMUEL, congressman, was
born about 1758 in Isle of Wight county.
Va. He was a delegate to the conti
nental congress from Virginia from 1783
to 1785. He died in October. 1785, in New
York city.
HARE. CHARLES WOODROPH, law
yer, journalist, was born Sept. 20, 1857,
near Camden. Ala. For seven years he
was editor of the Alabama Baptist; and
since 1895 has been editor of The News
of Tuskegee. Ala.
HARK. DARIUS I)., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 9, 1843, near
Adrian, Ohio. He entered the military
service as a private in the signal corps.
United States army, in 1864, and served
during the remainder of the war. He was
elected from Ohio to the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
HARE. GEORGE EMLEN, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 4, 1808,
in Philadelphia. Pa. He was an episco
pal clergyman and professor of biblical
learning in the Philadelphia Divinity
school. Ha was the author of Christ to
Return: and Visions and Narratives of
the Old Testament, a volume of sermons.
He died in 1892.
HARE. JOHN 1NNES CLARK, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Oct. 17, 1816, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a noted Philadel
phia jurist: and the author of Treatise on
Contracts; New England Exchequer Re
ports; and American Constitutional Law.
HARE. ROBERT, scientist, author, was
born Jan. 17. 1781. in Philadelphia. Pa.
He was a prominent Philadelphia scien
tist; and was the author of Brief View of
Policy and Resources of the United States;
Spiritualism Scientifically Demonstrated;
and Chemical Apparatus and Scientific
Manipulations. He died May 15. 1858, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
HARE, SILAS, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 13, 1827, in Ross
county, Ohio. He served one year in the
war with Mexico as a private. He was
chief justice of New Mexico in 1862 un
der the confederate government; and aft
erwards served until the war closed as a
captain. He settled in Sherman in 1865;
was criminal district judge from 1873 till
1876; and was chosen democratic elector
for the state at large in 1884. He was
elected to the fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses as a democrat.
HARE, WILLIAM HOBART. bishop of
South Dakota, was born May 17, 1838, in
Princeton, N. J. He has established a
cathedral and a diocesan school for young,
ladies among the white people at Sioux
Falls, and boarding schools and missions
throughout the diocese.
HARE, WILLIAM ROBERT, protes-
tant episcopal bishop, was born May 17,
1838. in Princeton. N. J. In 1872 he was
elected missionary bishop of Niobrara,
and was consecrated in 1873.
HARFORD. HELEN DICKINSON, edu
cator, lecturer, was born July 31, 1843,
in Cleveland, N. Y. In 1864 she graduat
ed from the State Normal college of Al
bany, N. Y.; and has successfully taught
school in Bloomington and Grant Park,
111.: and in Kansas City, Mo. She is now
a national lecturer and organizer for the.
Woman's Christian Temperance union,
and a successful advocate of temperance
and woman suffrage in Kansas and Ore
gon.
HARG1S. THOMAS F., lawyer, jurist,
was born June 24, 1842, in Breathitt
county. He served in the war and be
came captain of the fifth Kentucky in
fantry. He subsequently studied law,
and became one of the ablest jurists of
Kentucky. His appeals as chief justice of
Kentucky's highest court are written in a
vigorous, yet graceful, style. In 1866 he
was admitted to the bar, and the year
following was elected judge of Nicholas
county, Ky. ; receiving the re-election in
1870. In 1871 he was chosen a member
of the Kentucky state senate; elected
judge of the criminal court in 1878; and
raised to the appellate bench of Kentucky
in 1879. He retired from the supreme
bench in 1884, and has since practiced his
profession in Louisville. Ky
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
449
HARGRAVE, CHARLES A., educator,
college president, was born May 24, 1858,
in Portland Mill. Ind. He is an educator
of natural science in the Central Normal
college of Danville, Ind., of which insti
tution he is president.
HARGROVE, ROBERT KENYON,
Ijishop. author, was born Sept. 17, 1829,
in Pickens county, Ala. He has been
bishop of the raethodist church south
since 1882; and is the author of Laws of
the Methodist Episcopal Church South as
Interpreted by the College of Bishops.
HARING, CORNELIUS I., lawyer, was
born April 4, I860, in New City, N.
Y. In 1884 he moved to Milwaukee, Wis.,
where he has since attained prominence
as one of the foremost lawyers of that
state.
HARING, JOHN, congressman, was
born Sept. 28, 1739, in Tappan, Orange
(now Rockland) county, N. Y. He was a
delegate from New York to the continen
tal congress from 1774 to 1775, and again
from 1785 to 1788. He died April 1. 1809.
in Blauveltville, N. Y.
HARK, JOSEPH MAXIMILIAN, clergy
man, author, was born in 1849 in Penn
sylvania. He is a Moravian clergyman
and educator of Bethlehem, Pa.; and the
author of The Unity of Truth in Chris
tianity and Evolution. He has translated
and edited from the German The Chron-
icon Ephratense.
MARKER, CHARLES G., soldier, was
born Dec. 2, 1837, in Swedesborough. N. J.
He was graduated at the United States
Military academy in 1858; and was made
brigadier-general of volunteers. Killed
June 27, 1864, in battle of Kenesaw Moun
tain.
HARKER, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor. In 1752 he became pastor of a
church at Black River. N. J. He pub
lished Pedestination Consistent with Gen
eral Liberty, for which he was excluded,
and disqualified to preach by the synods of
New York and Philadelphia. He subse
quently published an Appeal from the Sy
nod to the Christian World.
HARKEY, SIDNEY LEVI, clergyman,
author, was born in 1827 in North Caro
lina. He is a lutheran clergyman whose
writings include The Signs of the Times;
The Faith Once Delivered to the Saints;
Thorough Education; Agnosticism; and
National Blessings and Dangers.
HARKEY, SIMON WALCHER, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 3, 1811, in
Iredell county, N. C. He was a lutheran
clergyman of Illinois; and the author of
True Wisdom Triumphant; Justification
by Faith; and The Church's Best State.
He died in 1889.
HARKINS. MATHEW, bishop, was born
Nov. 17, 1845, in Boston, Mass. He was
consecrated a bishop of Boston, Mass.
HARKISHEIMER, WILLIAM JOHN,
soldier, was born Jan. 11, 1838, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He served in the civil war
and attained the rank of major. He is
president of numerous business corpora
tions of Jacksonville, Fla.
HARKNESS, ALBERT, educator, au
thor, was born Oct. 6, 1822, in Black-
stone, Mass. He is an educator of Provi
dence, and professor of Greek in Brown
university since 1855. He has published
Complete Latin Course for the First Year,
and many Greek and Latin text-books.
HARKNESS, JAMES, clergyman, au
thor, was born March 13, 1803. in Scot
land. He was a presbyterian clergyman
who emigrated from Scotland in 1839,
and was a pastor in Jersey City in 1862-
78. Messiah's Throne and Kingdom was
his only published work. He died July
4, 1878, "in Jersey City, N. J. •
29
HARKNESS, WILLIAM JOHNS, civil
engineer, clergyman, was born in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1878 he graduated from
the scientific department of the university
of Pennsylvania as a civil engineer. He
then spent three years in the study of the
practical side of mechanics, then two
years in the draughting room of a firm
of engine builders; and subsequently be
came the private secretary of his father,
an extensive oil merchant of Philadel
phia. Since 1887 he has been a clergyman
of the methodist episcopal church; has
received the degree of M. A.; and now
fills a pastorate in Weston, W. Va. He
has written extensively on scientific and
religious subjects.
HARLAN, AARON, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Sept. 8,
1802, in Warren county. Ohio. In 1831 he
was elected a member of the state legis
lature; and in 1838 and 1839 was elected
to the state senate. He was a presiden
tial elector in 1844 from Ohio; and in
1849 was again elected to the state senate.
In 1852 he was elected a representative in
congress from Ohio, where he continued to
serve the people of his native district un
til the close of the thirty-fifth congress.
HARLAN, ANDREW J., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born March
29, 1815, in Chester, Ohio. He was elected
to the legislature in 1846, 1847 and 1848;
and was elected a representative in con
gress from Indiana from 1849 to 1851, and
again from 1853 to 1855.
HARLAN, CLINTON L., author, poet.
He is the author of a prose work en
titled The Happy Christian; and a vol
ume of verse entitled A Didactic Poem.
HARLAN, GEORGE CUVIER, physi
cian, author, was born Jan. 28, 1835, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a successful phy
sician of Philadelphia, who has made a
specialty of diseases of the eye. He is the
author of Eyesight and How to Take Care
of It.
HARLAN. JAMES, merchant, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 22, 1800, in
Mercer county, Ky. In 1829 he was ap
pointed prosecuting attorney for the cir
cuit in which he resided, and held the
office four years. In 1835 he was elected
a representative in congress from Ken
tucky, and in 1837 was re-elected. From
1840 to 1844 he was secretary of the state
of Kentucky; and in 1845 was elected to
the lower branch of the legislature. In
1850-63 he was attorney general of that
state. He died Feb. 18, 1863, in Frank
fort, Ky.
HARLAN, JAMES, journalist, lawyer,
college president, congressman, United
States senator, was born Aug. 25,* 1820,
in Clarke county.
111. He was superin
tendent of public in
struction for Iowa in
1847; and was presi
dent of the Iowa
Wesleyan university
in 1853. He was elect-
i, ed a senator in con
gress from Iowa in
1855; and was re-
elected to the senate
for the term ending
in 1867. In 1865 he
resigned his seat in the senate and en
tered upon his duties as secretary of the
interior. In 1866 he was again re-elected
to the senate for the term commencing in
1867 and ending in 1873. In 1869 he was
appointed president of the Iowa univer
sity, and after leaving the senate in 1873
became proprietor and editor of the Wash
ington Chronicle.
HARLAN. JOHN MARSHALL, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born June 1, 1833, in
Boyle county, Ky. He received his edu
cation at the Cen
ter college, Ky., and
at the Transylvania
university. He prac
ticed law in Frank
fort, in connection
with his father, the
late Hon. James
Harlan, and served
as county judge of
Franklin county, Ky.
During the civil war
he served in the
union army with dis
tinction as colonel of the tenth Ken
tucky volunteer infantry. He has filled
the office of adjutant-general of Ken
tucky; and was attorney general during
1863-67. In 1871 and in 1875 he was the
republican candidate for governor of Ken
tucky; and in the latter year his name
was presented by the republican conven
tion of his state for the vice-presidency.
In 1877 he was a member of the Louis
iana commission; and since that year has
filled the high office of associate justice of
the supreme court of the United States.
HARLAN, RICHARD, physician, nat
uralist, author, was born Sept. 19, 1796,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a physician
and naturalist of Philadelphia; and the
author of Observations on the Genus Sala-
mandra; Fauna Americana; American
Herpetology; and Medical and Physical
Researches. He died Sept. 30, 1843, in
New Orleans, La.
HARLAND, HENRY— Sidney Luska—
journalist, author, was born March 1,
1861, in New York city. He is a novelist
of New York city who removed to London,
and has there edited The Yellow Book. He
is the author of Grandison Mather; Mea
Culpa; As It Was Written; Mrs. Peixada;
The Land of Love; The Yoke of the
Thorah; My Uncle Florimond; and Grey
Roses.
HARLOW, AMOS ROGERS, manufac
turer, public official, was born April 23,
1815, in Shrewsbury, Mass. He is a di
rect lineal descend
ant of Capt. William
Harlow, who came to
the Plymouth colony
in 1642. For fifteen
years he was en
gaged in the manu
facture of woolen
machinery, and in
1849 organized the
Marquette Iron
company; operated
the first sawmill in
Marquette, and was
the first postmaster of that city. He
filled numerous public offices of trust in
his city and county, and died Oct. 3, 1890.
HARLOW, JOHN MALCOLM, lawyer,
poet, was born Jan. 25, 1858, in Charles
ton, 111. He was admitted to the bar in
1889; taught school six years; and is the
author of a volume of poems entitled The
Oriole.
HARLOW, WILLIAM BURT, poet. He
is the author of a volume of poems en
titled Songs of Syracuse.
HARMAN, COLFAX BURGOYNE, edu
cator, journalist, poet, was born Nov. 24,
1869, near Valley Falls, Kas. He has
taught in all grades of school work; and
is now the editor of the Farmer's Vindi
cator of Valley Falls, Kas. He is the au
thor of Shylock's Judgment, and a volume
of poems.
450
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HARMAN. HENRY MARTYN. educa
tor clergyman, author, was born in 1822
in Maryland. He is a methodist clergy
man, and a professor in Dickinson col
lege, Carlisle, Pa., since 1870. He is the au
thor of Journey to Egypt and the Holy
Land; and Introduction to Study of the
Scriptures.
HARMAN, JOHN WILLIAM, educator,
lawyer was born April 1. 1869, near
Macksville, W. Va. He commenced life
as a schoolteacher; studied law in the
West Virginia university; and now prac
tices his profession with success in Peters
burg, W. Va.
HARMANSON, JOHN H., mechanic, ag
riculturist, state senator, was born in
January, 1803, in Norfolk, Va. He served
in the Louisiana state senate in 1844; was
elected to the national house of repre
sentatives in 1845, and re-elected in 1847
and 1849. He died Oct. 25, 1850, in New
Orleans.
HARMAR, JOSIAH. soldier, was born
in 1753 in Philadelphia, Pa. He was bre-
vetted brigadier-general by congress in
1787; and general-in-chief of the army in
1789. He commanded an expedition
against the Miami Indians in 1790, and
partially defeated them. He resigned in
1792; was adjutant-general of Pennsyl
vania from 1793 to 1799; and furnished
the troops for Wayne's campaign in 1793
and 1794. He died Aug. 20, 1813, in Phila
delphia.
HARMER, ALFRED C., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Aug. 8, 1825, in
Germantown, Pa. He was elected a mem
ber of the city coun-
I cils of Philadelphia
I in 1856, and served
I four years. He was
I elected recorder of
I deeds for Philadel-
I phia in 1860, and
I ser\ ed three years.
I He was a delegate to
I the national conven
tion at Chicago; and
was elected to the
forty-second and for
ty-third congresses.
He was again a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth, forty-
ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second,
fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a republican. Having served
a quarter of a century, the longest con
secutive service, he is known as the
Father of the House.
HARMON, ABNER W., poet. He is a
successful writer of Old Orchard, Maine;
and has contributed a number of poems to
current literature.
HARMON, JUDSON, lawyer, jurist, at
torney general of the United States, was
born Feb. 3, 1846, in Hamilton county,
Ohio. In 1876 he was elected judge of
the common pleas court, but was unseated
four months later, after a contest. Two
years later he was elected judge of th«
superior court of Cincinnati, and was re-
elected in 1883. In 1887 he resigned to
resume the practice of law; and was ap
pointed attorney general by President
Cleveland and entered upon the duties of
his office in 1895.
HARMONY, DAVID B., naval officer,
was born Sept. 3, 1832, in Easton, Pa. In
1885 he attained the rank of commodore.
HARNDEN. WILLIAM FREDERICK,
expressman, was born Aug. 23, 1813, in
Reading, Mass. Early in 1839 he originated
the express system of transportation for
merchandise or parcels. He died Jan. 14,
1845, in Boston, Mass.
HARNETT, CORNELIUS, congressman,
was born April 20, 1723, in North Caro
lina. He was a delegate from North Caro
lina to the continental congress from 1777
to 1780, and signed the articles of con
federation. He died April 20, 1781, in
Wilmington, N. C.
HARNEY, GEORGE EDWARD, archi
tect, was born in 1840 in Lynn, Mass.
Among the notable structures he has de
signed are the Commercial Union build
ing and the Mercantile library of New
York city.
HARNEY, JOHN MILTON, journalist,
author, poet, was born March 9, 1789, in
Sussex county, Del. He was a Savannah
journalist whobecame a Dominican monk.
He published Crystallina, a fairy tale
in verse, and his other poems appeared
posthumously in periodicals. He died
Jan. 15, 1825, in Bardstown, Ky.
HARNEY, WILLIAM SELBY, soldier,
was born Aug. 27, 1800, near Haysboro,
Tenn. In 1865 he was brevetted major-
general for long and faithful service. He
died May 9, 1889, in Orlando, Fla.
HARNEY, WILLIAM WALLACE, jour
nalist, poet, was born June 20, 1831, in
Bloomington, Ind. He is a journalist and
verse writer of Florida whose poems have
appeared in magazines and anthologies,
but have not been gathered into book
form.
HARPER, ALEXANDER, congress
man, was born in Ireland. He was elected
a representative in congress from 1837 to
1839, from 1843 to 1847, and again from
1851 to 1853.
HARPER, EDWARD BASCOM, insur
ance president, was born Sept. 14, 1842,
in Dover, Del. In 1875 he was manager
of John Hancock Insurance company of
Boston; and in 1882 became president of
the Mutual Reserve Fund Life associa
tion. He died July 2, 1895.
HARPER, FRANCES ELLEN WAT-
KINS, lecturer, author, poet, was born in
September, 1825, in Baltimore, Md. She
is well known as an anti-slavery lectur
er, and is a- director in the Association for
the Advancement of Woman of Philadel
phia, Pa. She is the author of lola Le-
roy, which presents a vivid and truthful
view of scenes in the south before, dur
ing and after the war. She is also the au
thor of numerous meritorious poems,
which have been a valuable acquisition
to current literature.
HARPER, FRANCIS J., congressman.
He was elected a member of congress from
Pennsyhania, but died before taking his
seat. He died March 18, 1837.
HARPER, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
educator, college president, was born Aug.
21, 1832, in Franklin, Ohio. Since 1868
he has been president of the Cincinnati
College of Medicine and Surgery. In 1875
he was elected president of the National
Historical society of Cincinnati.
HARPER, IDA HUSTED, journalist,
was born in Fairfield, Ind. She has been
managing editor of the Terre Haute
Daily News; editorial writer for the In
dianapolis News; and department editor
and correspondent for a number of news
papers and magazines.
HARPER, JAMES, congressman, was
born in 1779 in Ireland. He was elected
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1833 to 1837. He died
March 31, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HARPER, JAMES, publisher, was born
April 13, 1795, in Newton, N. Y. He was
the founder of the printing and publishing
firm of Harper and Brothers. His firm at
tained prominence as the largest pub
lishers of original works in America. He
died March 27, 1869, in New York city.
HARPER, JAMES C., farmer, merchant,
congressman, was born Dec. 6, 1819, in
Cumberland county, Pa. He was elected
to the North Carolina legislature in 1865,
1866 and 1868; and was barred by the
fourteenth amendment to the constitution
of the United States, but his disabilities
were removed by congress in 1869. He
was elected to the forty-second congress,
serving on the committee on the Pacific
railroad.
HARPER, JESSE, politician, orator. He
was the first man to suggest the name
of Abraham Lincoln for the presidency of
the United States. He is a successful
journalist and orator of Danville, 111.
HARPER, JOHN, was born Jan. 22.
1797, in Newton, L. I. He was financial
manager of the firm of Harper and
Brothers, and on the death of his brother
became senior member of the firm. He
died April 22, 1875, in New York city.
HARPER, JOHN A., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from 1811 to 1813.
HARPER. JOSEPH HENRY, publisher,
was born June 23, 1850, in New York
city. He became a partner in Harper and
Brothers in 1877, and was placed in
charge of the literary and periodical de
partment.
HARPER, JOSEPH MORRILL, physi
cian, lawyer, banker, congressman, was
born June 21, 1787, in Limerick, Maine.
He was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from 1831 to 1835. In
1858 he was president of the Mechanics'
bank, Concord; and for a short time, in
1831, officiated as acting-governor of New
Hampshire. He died Jan. 14, 1865, in
Canterbury, N. H.
HARPER, OLIVE, author, was born in
the Wyoming valley, Pa. She is the au
thor of The Lotus of the Nile; A Drift of
Sand; Becky; and The Tame Turk.
HARPER, ROBERT GOODLOE, soldier,
lawyer, United States senator, author, was
born in 1765 near Fredericksburg, Va.
He was a leading representative in con
gress from South Carolina, from 1794
to 1801. He subsequently removed to Bal
timore, Md.; and was a senator in con
gress from that state during the years
1815-16. He served with credit in the
war of 1812, attaining the rank of major-
general. His Select Works appeared in
1814. He died Jan. 15, 1825, in Baltimore,
Md.
HARPER, SAMUEL A., lawyer, poli
tician, was born Jan. 9, 1855, in Hazel
Green, Wis. During 1890-94 he was
United States attorney for the western
district of Wisconsin; and during 1894-
98 was president of the Wisconsin State
Republican league at Madison, Wis.
HARPER, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
jurist. United States senator, was born
Jan. 17, 1790, in Antigua, S. C. He became
one of the board of trustees of the South
Carolina college in 1813; adopted the pro
fession of the law; served in the state
legislature; and was elected speaker of
the lower house. He was a senator in
congress from South Carolina during the
year 1826; was appointed chancellor of
that state in 1835; and in 1830 was elected
a judge of the court of appeals. He spent
a few years in Missouri from 1818 to 1823,
and while there was made chancellor of
the state. He died Oct. 10, 1847, in South
Carolina.
HARPER, WILLIAM M., journalist,
state senator, was born Jan. 21, 1850, in
Pittsburg, Pa. He is a successful jour
nalist; and in 1897 was elected to the
state senate, of the Ohio general assem
bly.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
451
HARPER, WILLIAM RAINEY, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
July 26, 1856, in New Concord, Ohio. He
is a baptist clergyman and president of
the university of Chicago. He is the au
thor of Elements of Hebrew; Elements
of Hebrew Syntax; Hebrew Vocabularies;
and An Introductory New Testament,
Greek Method.
HARRAH, CHARLES JEFFERSON,
merchant, was born Jan. 1, 1817, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1852-57 he was proprietor
of a ship yard at Rio Janeiro, and then
engaged in railroad and navigation enter
prises, amassing a large fortune, with
which he returned to his native city in
1874.
HARRELL, MRS. SARAH CARMICH-
AEL, temperance reformer, was born Jan.
8, 1844, in Brookville, Ind. She received
her education at the
Brookville college;
and subsequently
was engaged for
twelve years in edu
cational work. She
has always been
greatly interested in
the public schools of
her state; and dur
ing her husband's
four terms in the
general assembly of
Indiana, she was
called to fill many positions requiring ex
ecutive ability and forethougnt. In 1891
she was appointed a member of the In
diana Columbian Exposition board; and
was chosen a member of committee on ed
ucation, and a member of committee on
woman's work. She served two years as
superintendent of the department of sci
entific temperance in the public schools;
and was instrumental in securing the
passage of a bill in the Indiana general
assembly of 1895 making it obligatory to
teach the injurious effects of alcohol and
narcotics upon the human system.
HARRIES, WILLIAM HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 15,
1843, in Montgomery county, Ohio. In
1864 he was commissioned captain of
company F, third United States veteran
volunteers, and was discharged from the
army April 17, 1866. He has been county
attorney two terms; and was elected to
the fifty-second congress as a democrat.
He was appointed collector of internal
revenue in 1894 for the state of Minne
sota.
HARRIGAN, EDWARD, actor, author,
was born in 1845, in New York. He is an
actor and playwright of New York city,
among whose many plays of low life in
the metropolis are, Squatter Sovereignty;
and Cordelia's Aspirations.
HARRIGAN, LAURENCE, public of
ficer, legislator, was born in 1835, in Ire
land. In 1857 he was appointed on the
St. Louis police force, and was rapidly
promoted, and finally became chief of
police of that city. During President
Cleveland's first term Mr. Harrigan was
appointed appraiser of the Port of St.
Louis. In 1880 he served as a member in
the Missouri legislature.
HARRIMAN, WALTER, soldier, edu
cator, governor, author, was born April
8, 1817, in Warner, N. H. In 1862 he
became colonel of the eleventh New
Hampshire regiment, which he led
through the civil war. He was secretary
of state of New Hampshire from 1865 to
1867, and governor of the state from 1867
to 1869. He was the author of A History
of Warner, N. H. ; and Travels and Ob
servations in the Orient. He died July 25,
1884, in Concord, N. H.
HARRINGTON, CHARLES EDWARD,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Oct. 5, 1846, in Concord, N. H. In 1881
he was chaplain of the legislature of
New Hampshire. He is the author of a
work entitled The Draft of Young Men in
Relation to the Churches.
HARRINGTON, EBENEZER BURKE,
lawyer, state senator, author, was born in
1813, near Lyons, N. Y. He was elected
a member of the Michigan state senate
in 1839, and acted as state reporter from
that year until his death. He was the
author of Harrington's Chancery Reports.
He died in 1844, in Detroit, Mich.
HARRINGTON, GEORGE, diplomat,
business man, was born in Massachusetts.
He was for many years a clerk in the
treasury department at Washington; chief
clerk under S. P. Chase; and in 1861 was
appointed assistant secretary of that de
partment. Between the years 1865 and
1869 he was minister resident to Switzer
land; and was subsequently president of
a telegraph company in New York city.
HARRINGTON, HENRY W., lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 12, 1825, in
Otsego county, N. Y. He was chosen a
delegate to the Charleston convention in
1860 from Indiana; and in 1862 was elect
ed a representative from Indiana to the
thirty-eighth congress. He was a dele
gate to the New York convention of 1868.
HARRINGTON, JONATHAN, patriot,
was born July 8, 1757, in Lexington, Mass.
He was the last survivor of the minute-
men who were called out to appear in
arms at Lexington on the 19th of April,
1775. He died March 28, 1854.
HARRINGTON, MARK WALROD, ed
ucator, scientist, astronomer, author, was
born Aug. 18, 1848, in Sycamore, 111. He
is a scientist and professor of astronomy
in the university of Michigan. He is the
author of The Analysis of Plants; and
Identification of Crude Drugs.
HARRINGTON, SAMUEL MAXWELL,
lawyer, jurist, was born Feb. 5, 1803, in
Dover, Del. He was appointed secretary
of state of Delaware in 1829, and again
in 1830, and in the following year was se
lected to fill a vacancy on the bench of
the state supreme court, and became its
chief justice, holding the office until the
court was united with the superior court.
In the latter he sat as associate justice un
til 1855, when he was again made chief
justice. In 1857 he succeeded to the chan
cellorship, the highest judicial ofhce in
the state. He died Nov. 28, 1865, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
HARRINGTON, WILLIAM P., railroad
president, was born April 17, 1826, in
Nobleboro, Maine. Since 1885 he has been
president of the Colusa and Lake railroad
at Colusa, Cal.
HARRIS, ALFRED W., soldier, au
thor, poet, was born Jan. 27, 1842, in
Louisville, Ky. He served through the
war in the union army. He has been in
the United States internal revenue ser
vice in Louisville, Ky. ; and is the author
of several prose works, and a volume of
poems.
HARRIS, AMANDA BARTLETT, au
thor, was born in 1824, in New Hamp
shire. She is a writer whose life has
been mainly spent at her birthplace,
Warner, N. H. She is the author of
Christ our Friend; Thy Will be Done;
The Duty of Uniting with the Church;
Summer's Autographs; How we Went
Birds'-Nesting, republished as Field,
Wood, and Meadow Rambles; Wild Flow
ers and Where They Grow; Door-yard
Folks; Pleasant Authors for Young
Folks; American Authors for Young
Folks; and The Luck of Edenhall.
HARRIS, BENJAMIN GWINN, agri
culturist, lawyer, congressman, was born
Dec. 13, 1806, near Leonardstown, Md. In
1832 he was elected to the house of dele
gates of Maryland, and re-elected in 1833,
1836, 1849, 1852, and 1856. In 1863 he was
elected a representative from Maryland to
the thirty-eighth congress, and was re-
elected to the thirty-ninth congress.
HARRIS, BENJAMIN W., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
Nov. 10, 1823, in Bridgewater, Mass. He
was a member of the state senate in 1857,
and a representative in 1858. He was dis
trict attorney from 1858 to 1866; and was
collector of internal revenue for the sec
ond district from 1866 until 1873, when
he resigned. He was elected to the forty-
third congress, and re-elected to the for
ty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth and for
ty-seventh congresses.
HARRIS, BROUGHTON DAVIS, jour
nalist, capitalist, was born Aug. 16, 1822,
in Chesterfield, N. H. In 1860-61 he was a
member of the state senate; and a mem
ber of the celebrated peace congress in
1861.
HARRIS, CHAPIN A., dentist, author,
was born in 1806, in Pompey, N. Y. He
was a dentist of Baltimore, and founder
of the Baltimore Dental college. He was
the author of Principles of Dental Sur
gery; Characteristics of the Human
Teeth; Diseases of the Maxillary Sinus;
and Dictionary of Dental Science. He
died in 1860, in Baltimore, Md.
HARRIS, CHARLES, soldier, physi
cian, was born Nov. 23, 1762, in Mecklen
burg county, N. C. He served as a pri
vate in the revolutionary war. He died
Sept. 21, 1825, in Tavoni, N. C.
HARRIS, CHARLES M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 10, 1821, in
Munfordsville, Ky. He was elected in
1862 a representative from Illinois to the
thirty-eighth congress.
HARRIS, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist. He
was one of the earliest members of the
circuit court of the United States after its
organization, and was appointed judge of
the fifth circuit in 1802, by President Jef
ferson.
HARRIS, EDWARD WRIGHT, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 4, 1831, in Bradford,
Vt. He has attained success in the pro
fession of law at Port Huron, Mich.; has
been city and county attorney; judge of
probate; and circuit judge.
HARRIS, ELISHA, governor. He was
governor of Rhode Isiand for two years,
beginning with the year 1847.
HARRIS, ELISHA, physician, surgeon,
inventor, author, was born March 4, 1834,
in Westminster, Vt. During the civil war
he was instrumental .in the organization
of the United States sanitary commission
of New York city; and organized the first
public vaccination service in that city.
The railway ambulance that has been
adopted and used by the Prussian army
was invented by him. He died Jan. 31,
1884, in Albany, N. Y.
HARRIS, EMMETT VICTOR, educator,
lawyer, orator, was born May 8, 1860, in
Seneca county, Ohio. He received nis
education at the Ohio normal university;
and at the national normal university,
from which latter institution he received
the degree of B. A. In 1880 he entered ed
ucational work; taught in graded schools
of his native state; and subsequently be
came superintendent of public schools in
Indiana. In 1889 he was admitted to the
bar; and entered the active practice of
law in Fort Wayne, Ind. He has filled
numerous public positions of trust; re
ceived the nomination for prosecuting at
torney; and has gained a good reputation
as a brilliant public speaker.
452
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HARRIS, G. L. D., educator, journalist,
was born in 1854, in Clarke county, Va.
He has attained success in educational
work in his native state; and is the ed
itor of a monthly publication.
HARRIS, GEORGE, educator, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born in
April, 1844, in East Machias, Maine. He is
a congregational clergyman of Massachu
setts; professor of Christian theology In
Andover Theological seminary since 1883,
and one of the editors of The Andover
Review in 1884-93. He is the author of
Hymns of the Faith; and Moral Evolu
tion.
HARRIa, GEORGE E., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in January, 1827,
in Orange county, N. C. He joined the
confederate army, and remained until the
close of the war; and was elected district
attorney in 1865 and 1866. He was elect
ed from Mississippi to the forty-first and
forty-second congresses. He was subse
quently chosen attorney-general for the
state of Mississippi.
HARRIS, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
mariner, author, was born March 20, 1814,
in Allegheny City, Pa. He was a Tennes
see river steamboat captain who contrib
uted humorous and political articles to
newspapers. Sut Lovengood's Yarns were
published in 1867. He died Dec. 11, 1869,
in Knoxville, Tenn.
HARRIS, HAMILTON, lawyer, legisla
tor, was born May 1, 1820, in Preble, N.
Y. He was elected to the legislature in
1850, and was a member of the whig joint
legislative committee of six that was ap
pointed to frame the platform, and call
state conventions, of what has since be
come the republican party.
HARRIS, HENRY R.. lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 2, 1828, in Spar
ta, Ga. He was a member of the Georgia
convention in 1861; and was elected to the
forty-third congress, and re-elected to the
forty-fourth, forty-fifth and forty-ninth
congresses as a democrat.
HARRIS, HENRY S., lawyer, congress
man, was born Dec. 27, 1850, in Belvidere,
N. J. In 1877 he was appointed prosecutor
of the pleas for Warren county; and was
elected a representative from New Jer
sey to the forty-seventh congress as a
democrat.
HARRIS, IRA, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, United States senator, lecturer, was
born May 31, 1802, in Charleston, N. Y.
In 1844 he was elected to the state legisla
ture; re-elected in 1845; and was elected
to the state senate. In 1847 he was elect
ed judge of the supreme court, and held
the position twelve and a half years. In
1861 he was elected, for six years, a sen
ator in congress from New York. He died
Dec. 2, 1875, in Albany, N. V.
HARRIS, ISHAM GREEN, soldier, law
yer, congressman, governor, United States
senator, was born Feb. 10, 1818, near Tul-
lahoma. Tenn. He was elected a repre
sentative in the state legislature in 1847;
and was elected a representative from
Tennessee to the thirty-first and thirty-
second congresses. He moved to Mem
phis, Tenn.; and was elected governor in
1857, and re-elected in 1859 and 1861. He
served three years in the confederate
army as a staff officer; and was elected a
United States senator from Tennessee for
the term of six years from 1877; and was
re-elected for the terms ending in 1889.
1895 and 1901.
HARRIS, J. MORRISON, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1821, in Baltimore,
Md. He was a presidential elector in
1848. In 1855 he was elected a representa
tive from Maryland in the thirty-fourth
congress, and returned to the thirty-fifth
congress in 1857. He was also re-elected
to the thirty-sixth congress; and was a
delegate to the Philadelphia national
union convention of 1866.
HARRIS, JAMES E., soldier, lieuten
ant-governor, was born May 27, 1840, in
Licking county. Ohio. In 1897 he became
lieutenant-governor of Nebraska.
HARRIS, JOEL CHANDLER, journal
ist, author, was born Dec. 8, 1848, in
Eatonton, Ga. He is an Atlanta journal
ist, editor of The Constitution, celebrated
as the author of Uncle Remus, a unique
character study of the southern negro as
well as a notable contribution to the liter
ature of folk-lore. His writings include
Uncle Remus: his Songs and his Say
ings; Nights with Uncle Remus; Uncle
Remus and his Friends; Mingo, and Oth
er Sketches in Black and White; Balaam
and his Master, and Other Sketches; Lit
tle Mr. Thimblefinger, a juvenile; Mr.
Rabbit at Home, a juvenile; The Story of
Aaron, a juvenile; Free Joe, and Other
Georgian Sketches; Evening Tales, from
the French of Frederic Ortoli; Stories of
Georgia; Sister Jane, her Friends and
Acquaintances; and Georgia, from the In
vasion of De Soto to Recent Times.
HARRIS, JOHN, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 18u/
to 1809.
HARRIS, JOHN, the founder of Harris-
burg, was born in 1/16, in Pennsyl
vania. He was chosen by the Indians
at one of the council fires held with the
Indians of the Six Nations, to keep the
store on the frontier, which was the nu
cleus of the present city named for him.
He died July 29, 1791, in Harrisburg, Pa.
HARRIS, JOHN A., merchant, banker.
United States senator, was born in 1826,
in New York. He moved to Louisiana in
1864; was a member of the state constitu
tional convention; was a member of the
board of registration; and also of the
state senate. In 1868 he was elected a
senator in congress from Louisiana for
the term ending in 1873.
HARRIS, JOHN FLOYD, musician,
composer, was born July 5, 1866, in Al-
mont, Mich. He has taught the piano in
Detroit and Port Huron for several years,
and has attained success in concert work.
HARRIS, JOHN S.. merchant, finan
cier, United States senator, was born Dec.
18, 1825, in Truxton, N. Y. He was elect
ed to the Louisiana state senate in April.
1868; and was elected to the United States
senate in July, 1868, as a republican.
HARRIS. JOHN THOMAS, lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 8, 1825, in Al-
bemarle county, Va. He was a state
elector in 1848, 1851 and 1855; a president
ial elector in 1852 and 1856; and was
twice elected attorney for the common
wealth. He was elected a representative
from Virginia to tne thirty-sixth con
gress; and was also elected to the forty-
second and two succeeding congresses.
He was re-elected to the forty-fifth and
forty-sixth congresses.
HARRIS, JOHN WOODS, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1810, in Nelson
county, Va. In 1838 he was a member of
the first congress of the republic, which
met at Austin, Tex. In 1846 he was ap
pointed attorney-general of the new state,
and was reappointed for a second term.
He died April 1, 1887, in Galveston, Tex.
HARRIS, JONATHAN NEWTON, mer
chant, banker, state senator, was born
Nov. 18, 1815, in Salem. Conn. In 1848 he
established the firm of J. N. Harris and
Conyer, of Cincinnati. Ohio, which has con
tinued for half a century. He was a mem
ber of the legislature in 1855, and of the
senate in 1864.
HARRIS, JOSEPH SMITH, railroad
president, was born April 29, 1836, in
Chester county, Pa. Since 1893 he has
been president of the Philadelphia and
Reading railroad.
HARRIS, LEE O., soldier, educator,
poet, author, was born Jan. 30, 1839, in
Chester county, Pa. After receiving a
thorough education he entered education
al work, and is now county superintend
ent of schools of Hancock county, Ind.
He served in the union army during the
civil war; was second lieutenant of com
pany G, fifth regiment Indiana cavalry;
then became first lieutenant of company
C, one hundred and forty-eighth regiment
Indiana infantry; and major of the In
diana legion. He is the author of a novel
entitled The Man Who Tramps; and a
volume of poems entitled Interludes; and
has contributed extensively to current
literature.
HARRIS, MARK, state senator, con
gressman, was born in 1779, in Ipswich,
Mass. He held the offices of county and
state treasurer for twenty years; and was
a state senator in 1816 and 1819. He was
a state counselor in 1820; and served also
in the state legislature. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Maine from
1822 to 1823. to fill a vacancy. He died
March 2, 1843, in New York.
HARRIS, MRS. MIRIAM (COLES), au
thor, was born July 5, 1834, in Dosoris,
L. I. She is a novelist of New York city
whose first story, Rutledge, was very pop
ular. Later works are: Richard Vander-
marck; The Sutherlands; St. Philip's;
Happy-Go- Lucky; Missy; Frank War-
rington; A Perfect Adonis; Phoebe; An
Utter Failure; Louie's Last Term at St.
Mary's; and 'l he Rosary for Lent, a com
pilation.
HARRIS. ROBERT, congressman, was
born in Dauphin county, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1823 to 1827.
HARRIS, SAMPSON W., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Feb. 23,
1809, in Elbert county, Ga. He served one
term in the Georgia legislature. He
moved to Alabama; and was there ap
pointed prosecuting atiorney for the state.
In 1847 he was elected a representative in
congress from Alabama, where he con
tinued until his death. He died April 1,
1857, in Washington. D. C.
HARRIS. SAMUEL, clergyman, was
born Jan. 12, 1724. in Hanover county. Va.
He was a colonel of the militia and a bap
tist divine, and was ordained an apostlft
by the general association. 1774. He was
known as the apostle of Virginia.
HARRIS, SAMUEL, educator, clergy
man, author, was born June 14. 1814, in
East Machias. Maine. He is a congrega-
tional clergyman.
and has been profes
sor of systematic
theology at Yale uni
versity since 1871.
He is the author of
Zaccheus, or the
Scriptural Plan of
Benevolence; The
Kingdom of Christ
on Earth; The Phil
osophic Basis of
Theism; The Self-
Revelation of God;
Christ's Prayer for tne Death of His Re
deemed; and God: Creator and Lord of
All.
HARRIS. SAMUEL ARTHUR, banker,
was born Oct. 25, 1847, in Goshen, Ind.
In 1887 he became president of the North
western National bank: and in 1891 be
came president of the National Bank of
Commerce of Minneapolis, Minn.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HARRIS, SAMUEL SMITH, bishop au
thor, was born Sept. 14, 1841, in Autauga
county, Ala. He was the second protest-
ant episcopal bishop of Michigan and the
author of The Dignity of Man; Christian
ity and Civil Society; Thoughts on Life
Death, and Immortality; and Shelton a
novel. He died Aug. 21, 1888, in London
England.
453
HARRIS, SHORLAND, physician au
thor, poet. He graduated in medicine'from
the Exeter college of England, and also
rom a Philadelphia medical college He
is a great linguist, and has devoted much
time to science, and has made important
discoveries in the vast field of chemistry
in relation to the atomic affinity of mat-
He is the author of Professional
and Trade Secrets; and has contributed
valuable papers to medical literature. As
a poet, he is also well known; many of his
productions having been incorporated in
various standard works.
HARRIS, STEPHEN R., educator, law
yer, congressman, was born May 22 1824
seven miles west of Massillon, Ohio. He
served as deputy
.; United States mar-
,' shal and member of
I the county military
committee during the
' civil war. He was an
active member of the
Ohio State Bar asso
ciation from its or
ganization, serving
most of the time and
_ at present as chair-
-*• \ ; man of the commit
tee on legal biogra-
>ny. and was president of the association
for the year ending July 20, 1894. He was
ejected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
HARRIS, THADDEUS MASON clergy
man, author, was born July 7, 1768, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Dorchester from 1793 until
his death, and the author of Discourses in
Favor of Freemasonry; Journal of a Tour
the Northwest Territory: Memorials of
First Church at Dorchester- Bio
graphical Memoirs of James Oglethorpe-
and Natural History of the Bible He
d April 3, 1842, in Dorchester, Mass.
HARRIS, THADDEUS WILLIAM, en
tomologist, physician, author, was born
Nov. 12, 1795, in Dorchester, Mass He
was an entomologist and physician who
was librarian of Harvard university from
1831 He published Systematic Catalogue
the Insects of Massachusetts, and a
valuable work on Insects Injurious to
Vegetation. He died Jan. 16. 1856 in
Cambridge, Mass.
HARRIS, THOMAS CADWALADER
naval officer, was born Nov. 18 1825 in
Philadelphia, Pa. He entered the navy as
midshipman in 1841, became lieutenant in
1855, lieutenant-commander in 1862 com
mander in 1866, and captain in 1872 He
died Jan. 24, 1875, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HARRIS. THOMAS K., congressman
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1813 to 1815.
HARRIS, THOMAS L., soldier lawyer
state senator, congressman, was born Oct'
1816, in Norwich, Conn. In 1846 he
raised and commanded a company and
joined the fourth regiment of Illinois vol-
Jlntie0e,r08Yto serve in tne war with Mexico.
Mb he was elected a senator in the Il
linois legislature; in 1848 was chosen a
representative in congress: and was again
elected to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth
congresses. He died Nov 24 1858 in
Springfield, 111.
HARRIS, THOMAS LAKE, philosopher
author, was born May 15, 1823, in Eng
land. He is a mystical philosopher who
founded the Brotherhood of the New Life
which had its home at Salem-on-Erie'
near Brocton, N. Y. He has since lived
in California. Among his writings are
included Epics of the Starry Heavens;
Modern Spiritualism; Lyric of the Morn
ing Land; Truth and Life in Jesus; The
Millennium Age; Arcana of Christianity;
and The Wisdom of the Adepts; and
God's Breath in Man.
HARRIS, THOMAS MEALEY, soldier,
physician, author, was born June 17 1817
in Wood county, Va. He was promoted
brigadier-general in 1865. He applied
himself after the war to scientific farm
ing; served a term in the legislature of
West Virginia in 1867; was adjutant-gen
eral of the state in 1869-70; and was pen
sion agent at Wheeling in 1871-77. He is
the author of medical essays and of a
tract entitled Calvinism Vindicated.
HARRIS, W. JOHN, physician, author
was born June 17, 1852, in England. He
has conducted a large practice in St.
Louis, and is also surgeon of the Good
Samaritan hospital. He is the author of
Alcohol, its Rational Use; The Use of
Anaesthetics; and The Hygiene of Con
sumption.
HARRIS, WILEY P., soldier, congress
man, was born in Mississippi. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1853 to 1855. He took part in the
rebellion.
HARRIS, WILLIAM, educator, clergy
man, college president, was born April
29, 1765, in Springfield, Mass. He estab
lished several classical schools in Massa
chusetts and New York; and in 1811 be
came president of Columbia university
He died Oct. 18, 1829, in New York city.
HARRIS, WILLIAM, educator, farmer,
jurist, legislator, was born in 1832 in
Burnt Hills, N. Y. Since 1836 he has
lived in Michigan;
taught school sev
eral terms, and is
now a successful
farmer, real estate
dealer and financier
of Norwood, Mich.
He has held numer
ous public offices of
honor; has been reg
ister of deeds; judge
of probate court;
and school exami
ner. He served as a
member of the Michigan state legislature
m 1889-90, 1895-96, and in 1897 -98 • and
has served on numerous important com
mittees.
HARRIS, WILLIAM A., journalist con
gressman, was born Aug. 8, 1805 in Fau-
quier county, Va. He was twice elected
to the legislature of Virginia; and was a
presidential elector in 1841. He was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1841 to 1843. In 1845 he was ap
pointed by President Polk charge d'af-
aires to Buenos Ayres, where he remained
until 1851. He became the editor and pro
prietor of the Washington Union, which
continued in his possession until he was
elected printer to the United States sen
ate, which office he held for two years
He died March 28, 1864, in Pike county'
Mo.
moved to Kansas in 1865 and was em
ployed as civil engineer in the construc
tion of the Union Pacific railroad, Kansas
division, for three years. He was elected
to the fifty-third congress, at large as a
populist, and indorsed by the democrats
He was elected to the United States sen
ate as a populist.
HARRIS, WILLIAM ANDERSON, edu
cator, college president, was born July 16
827, in Augusta county, Va. In 1866 he
became president of the Wesleyan Female
college of Staunton, Va.
HARRIS, WILLIAM D., banker legis
lator, was born March 7, 1863, in Wilton,
Iowa. He is president of the Bank of
Sharon Springs, Kan., and in 1892 was
elected a member of the Kansas state leg
islature.
HARRIS, WILLIAM LOGAN, educator
bishop, author, was born Nov 4 1817
near Mansfield. Ohio. He was a met'hodist
bishop of prominence as educator and
missionary, and the author of The Powers
cf the General Conference; Ecclesiastical
Law; and Relation of Episcopacy to the
General Conference. He died Sent 2
1887, in New York city.
HARRIS, WILLIAM THADDEUS, law
yer, journalist, was born Jan. 25, 1826 in
Milton, Mass. He edited, for the Massa
chusetts Historical society, Hubbard's
History of New England, with new and
important notes; the third volume of the
Historical and Genealogical Register; and
published Epitaphs from the Old Burying-
Ground at Cambridge. He died Oct 19
1854, in Cambridge, Mass.
HARRIS, WILLIAM TORREY, educa
tor, philosopher, journalist, author was
born Sept. 10, 1835, in North Killingly,
Conn. He is a speculative philosopher
and educator of Washington City, a trans
lator of Hegel, and editor of The Jour
nal of Speculative Philosophy. Since
1889 he has been United States commis
sioner of education. He is the author of
The Spiritual Sense of Dante's Divina
Commedia; Method of Study of Social
Science; How to Teach Social Science;
Hegel's Logic, a critical exposition; and
Introduction to the Study of Philosophy.
HARRISON, ALBERT G., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Kentucky. He was
a lawyer by profession; and was a mem
ber of congress from Missouri from 1835
to 1839. He died Sept. 7, 1839, in Fulton,
Mo.
HARRIS, WILLIAM A., farmer, soldier
civil engineer, congressman, United States
senator, was born Oct. 29, 1841, inLoudoun
county, Va. He served three years in
the confederate army as assistant adju
tant-general of Wilcox's brigade and ord
nance officer of D. H. Hill's and Rode's
division, army of northern Virginia. He
HARRISON, ANNA SYMMES, presi
dent's wife, was born July 25, 1775, in
Morristown, N. H. She was generous and
benevolent, an extensive reader, and dur
ing all her life took a deep interest in
public affairs. She died Feb. 25, 1864.
HARRISON, BENJAMIN, twenty-tuird
president of the United States, was born
Aug. 20, 1833, at North Bend, Ohio. He
is a grandson of
William Henry Har
rison. He graduated
at Miami university,
Ohio, in 1852, and
studied law in Cin
cinnati. Married
Caroline Lavina
Scott; was admitted
to the bar and re
moved to Indianapo
lis, where he began
the practice of law.
He was appointed
-ner of the federal court, and in 1860 was
elected supreme court reporter. In 1861
he raised a regiment and Governor Mor
ton commissioned him as its colonel He
remained in the army until the close of
the war, having been promoted to the
rank of brigadier-general. In 1880 he was
454
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
elected United States senator, took the
office March 4, 1881, and served six years.
The republican national convention met
at Chicago June 19, 1888. On the first bal
lot the vote cast gave John Sherman,
Ohio, 229; Walter Q. Gresham, Illinois.
Ill; Chauncey M. Depew, New York, 99;
Russell A. Alger, Michigan, 84; Benjamin
Harrison. Indiana, 80; William B. Alli
son, Iowa, 72; James G. Elaine. Maine,
35; John J. Ingalls, Kansas, 28; Jeremiah
M. Rusk. Wisconsin, 25; William Walter
Phelps, New Jersey, 25; Edwin H. Filler,
Pennsylvania, 24; Joseph R. Hawley,
Connecticut, 13; Robert T. Lincoln, Illi
nois, 3, and William McKinley, Ohio, 2.
General Harrison was nominated on the
eighth ballot, receiving 554 votes to 118
for Sherman, 100 for Alger, 59 for Gres
ham, 5 for Blaine and 4 for McKinley.
It was made unanimous. Lev! Parsons
Morton, of New York, was nominated for
vice-president on the first ballot, which
stood: Morton, 561; William Walter
Phelps, 119; William O. Bradley, Ken
tucky, 93, and Blanche K. Bruce, Missis
sippi, 11. Harrison and Morton were
elected in November and inaugurated
March 4, 1889. The tenth republican na
tional convention met at Minneapolis
June 7, 1892. President Harrison was re-
nominated on the first ballot by the fol
lowing vote: Harrison, 535; James G.
Blaine, 182; William McKinley, 182;
Thomas Brackett Reed, 4, and Robert T.
Lincoln, 1. Whitelaw Reid, of New York,
was unanimously nominated for vice-
president. They were beaten at the en
suing election. At the close of his term,
March 4. 1893, Mr. Harrison returned to
the practice of law at his home in Indian
apolis.
HARRISON. CARTER B., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1793 to 1799.
HARRISON, CARTER HENRY, lawyer,
mayor of Chicago, congressman, was born
Feb. 15, 1825, in Fayette county, Ky. He
was a democrat and mayor of Chicago for
eight years, from 1879 to 1887, and again
in 1893. He represented Cook county for
two terms in congress, and was a candi
date for governor of Illinois in 1884. He
bought The Chicago Times and owned it
at the time of his death. He was assassi
nated by an anarchist, and died Oct. 28,
1893, in Chicago, 111.
HARRISON, CASKIE, educator, physi
cian, author, was born Oct. 24, 1848, in
Richmond, Va. In 1883 he established the
Brooklyn Latin school. He is the au
thor of Odes of Horace, in English verse,
which was much praised by Longfellow;
and his Notes on the New Edition of
Goodwin's Greek Moods and Tenses has
attracted considerable attention in the
educational world.
HARRISON, CHARLES JAMES, sol
dier, banker, was born Aug. 4, 1841, in
Wheeling, W. Va. During the war he
served over three years as captain of com
pany I, sixth regiment West Virginia vol
unteer infantry; and was the youngest
captain in command of a company from
West V.irginia during the war. For thir
teen years he was president of a private
bank; and since i890 has been president
of the Somerset County National bank of
Somerset, Pa., in which city he is promi
nently identified with its financial and
public affairs.
HARRISON, MRS. CONSTANCE (CA-
RY), author, was born about 1835, in Van-
cluse, Va. She is a novelist and miscel
laneous writer of New York city, and the
author of Story of Helen Troy; Woman's
Handiwork in Modern Homes; An Edel
weiss of the Sierras, and Other Tales; Bar
Harbor Days; The Old-Fashtoned Fairy
Books; Folk and Fairy Tales; Anglo
mania; An Errant Wooing; A Virginia
Cousin; Bric-a-Brac Stories; A Bachelor
Maid; Sweet Bells Out of Tune; Crow's
Nest and Belhaven Tales; and Externals
of Modern New York.
HARRISON, GABRIEL, educator, dra
matist, author, was born March 25, 1825,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He is a Brooklyn
dramatist and instructor in elocution, and
the author of Life of John Howard Payne;
The Stratford Bust, a Critical Inquiry as
to its Authenticity; Melanthia; and Dart-
more, are among his writings.
HARRISON, GEORGE LEIB, philan
thropist, author, was born Oct. 28, 1811,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a philan
thropist of Philadelphia, and the author
of Chapters on Social Science; and Legis
lation on Insanity, a compilation of lu
nacy laws. He died Sept. 9, 1885, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
HARRISON. GEORGE P., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born March 19,
1841, near Savannah, Ga. He entered -the
confederate army as
second lieutenant of
the first Georgia reg
ulars, and was pro
moted to brigadier-
general. He re
moved to Alabama
in 1865; was elected
commandant of ca
dets at university of
Alabama, but de
clined; and was sub
sequently elected to
the same position at
the Agricultural and Mechanical college
of Alabama, and served one year. He was
a member of the constitutional conven
tion of Alabama in 1875; was elected state
senator in 1876; and re-elected in 1880. He
was president of the state senate from
1882 to 1884; and was a delegate to the
national democratic convention held in
Chicago in 1892. He was elected to the
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses as
a democrat.
HARRISON, GESSNER, educator, au
thor, was born June 26, 1807, in Harrison-
burg, Va. He was a once noted educator
of Virginia, and the author of Exposition
of Some Laws of Greek Grammar; and On
Greek Prepositions. He died April 7,
1862, in Charlottesville, Va.
HARRISON, HALL, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 11, 1837, in Anne, Md. He is
an episcopal clergyman and educator.
From 1865 to 1879 he was a master in St.
Paul's school at Concord, and since the
latter date rector of St. John's church at
Ellicott City, Md. He is the author of
Life of Hugh Davy Evans; and Life of
Bishop Kerfoot.
HARRISON, HENRY B., lawyer, state
senator, governor, was born Sept. 11, 1821,
in New Haven, Conn. He was a member
of the state senate of Connecticut in 1854:
was a representative in the legislature of
Connecticut in 1865, 1873, and 1884; and
in the latter year was speaker of the
house. He was elected governor of Con
necticut for the term of two years from
January, 1885.
HARRISON, HORACE H., lawyer, ju-
•rist, congressman, was born Aug. 7, 1829,
in Wilson county, Tenn. He was elected
clerk of the state senate in 1851. He was
appointed United States district attorney
for Middle Tennessee in 1863; and was
elected chancellor in the Nashville chan
cery division in 1866. He was appointed
judge of the supreme court of Tennessee
In 1867; and was again appointed United
States district attorney in 1872. He was
elected to the forty-third congress as a
republican.
HARRISON, JAMES ALBERT, educa
tor, author, was born Aug. 21, 1848, in
Pass Christian, Miss. He is an educator
in Virginia, and since 1876 a professor
of languages at Washington and Lee uni
versity. He is the author of Greek Vig
nettes; Spain in Profile; The Rhine;
French Syntax; The History of Spain;
The Story of Greece; Autrefois, Tales of
Old New Orleans and Elsewhere; A Group
of Poets and Their Haunts; Dictionary of
Anglo-Saxon Poetry; and Exodus and
Daniel.
HARRISON, JAMES THOMAS, lawyer,
was born Nov. 30, 1811, near Pendleton, S.
C. In 1861 he was a delegate to the con
vention of southern states in Montgom
ery, and served also in the confederate
congress during the entire period of its
existence. He died May 22, 1879, in Co
lumbus, Miss.
HARRISON, JOHN HOFFMAN, physi
cian, surgeon, journalist, author, was
born Aug. 30, 1808, in Washington. D. C.
In 1845 he established the New Orleans
Medical and Surgical Journal, which he
edited four years. He published an Essay
toward a Correct Theory of- the Nervous
System, and contributed important arti
cles to medical journals. He died March
19, 1849, in New Orleans.
HARRISON, JOHN SCOTT, congress
man, was born Oct. 4, 1804, in Vincennes,
Ind. He was a representative in congress
from that state from 1853 to 1857. He
died May 26, 1878, in North Bend, Ohio.
HARRISON, JONATHAN BAXTER,
clergyman, author, was born in 1835, In
Ohio. He is a Unitarian clergyman of
New Hampshire, and the author of Cer
tain Dangerous Tendencies in American
Life; and The Latest Studies on Indian
Reservations.
HARRISON, JOSEPH, engineer, inven
tor, author, poet, was born Sept. 20, 1810,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a Philadel
phia engineer and inventor, and from
1843-52 was employed in locomotive con
struction by the Russian government. He
was the author of Essay on the Steam
Boiler; The Locomotive Engine and Phil
adelphia's Share in its Early Improve
ments; and The Iron Worker and King
Solomon, a poem. He died March 27,
1874, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HARRISON. MILES W., educator, was
born June 6, 1855, in La Grange, Ohio. In
1879 he graduated from the Oberlin col
lege; and has ever since been engaged in
educational work. He was principal of
the high schools of Auburn, Ind.; and
subsequently superintendent of city
schools in that city. Since 1886 he has
been superintendent of city schools in
Wabash, Ind.; and is considered one of
the foremost educators of that state.
HARRISON, NAPOLEON BONA
PARTE, naval officer, was born Feb. 19,
1823, in Virginia. In 1838 he entered the
navy as a midshipman; became command
er in 1862: captain in 1868; and in 1868-69
was commandant of cadets in the United
States naval academy. He died Oct. 27,
1870, in Key West, Fla.
HARRISON. RICHARD, public official,
was born in 1750. He was auditor of the
United States for fifty-five years: and
five years consul to Cadiz. He died July
10, 1841, In Washington.
HARRISON, RICHARD A., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born in
1827 in England. In 1857 he was elected
to the Ohio house of representatives; and
subsequently to the state senate. He was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-seventh congress.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAlf BIOGRAPHY.
455
HARRISON, ROBERT HANSON, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was born in 1745, in
Maryland. In 1775 he obtained the rank
of lieutenant-colonel, and remained in the
military family of the commanding gen
eral till the spring of 1781. He became
chief justice of the general court of Mary
land on March 10, 1781, but declined the
appointment of judge of the United States
supreme court in 1789. He died April 2,
1790, in Charles county, Md.
HARRISON, S. S., congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1833 to 1837.
HARRISON, SARAH, Quaker preacher,
was born about 1748, in Delaware county,
Pa. She first preached in the Quaker
meetings during the revolution, and was
acknowledged a minister in 1781. She died
Dec. 29, 1812, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HARRISON, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a delegate from Maryland to the
continental congress from 1785 to 1787.
HARRISON, WILLIAM HENRY, ninth
president of the United States, was born
Feb. 9, 1773, in Charles City county, Va.
and was educated
for the medical pro
fession at Hampden
Sidney college. He
soon after joined the
army, and departed
for the western wil
derness to engage in
the Indian wars, and
was promoted to the
rank of captain. In
1791 he married the
daughter of Judge
Symmes, and resign
ed his military commission for the pur
pose of accepting the office of secretary
of the Northwestern territory, comprising
the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Mich
igan and Wisconsin. In 1799 he was elect
ed the first delegate to congress from the
Northwestern territory, and in 1801, when
Indiana was created into a territory, he
was appointed its first governor. In 1812
he was made commander of the north
western army, with the commission of
brigadier-general, and in 1S16 he was
elected a representative to congress from
Ohio, and held the office three years. In
1819 he was elected state senator, and in
1824 United States senator. In 1828 he
was sent to the republic of Colombia as
minister plenipotentiary. On his return
he retired to his farm at North Bend,
Ohio, where he lived until 1836, when he
became a candidate for the presidency,
and was defeated. On the 4th of Decem
ber, 1839, the whig national convention
met at Harrisburg. James Barbour, of
Virginia, was chosen president of the con
vention. On the third day (Dec. 6) the
nominations were made. Of the 254 votes,
William Henry Harrison received 148;
Henry Clay, 90; Winfield Scott, 16. Har
rison, having received a majority, was
declared the nominee. John Tyler was
nominated for vice-president. They were
elected in 1840, and took tne oath of office
March 4, 1841. Harrison died the 4th of
April, 1841. Harrison held office about
twenty years.
HARRISON, WILLIAM HENRY AR
CHER, soldier, farmer, merchant, educa
tor, was born April 30, 1846, in Center-
ville. Mo. He served during the war for
three years in the fortieth regiment, Illi
nois volunteer infantry; subsequently
taught school; and then became a suc
cessful merchant. He has held every po
sition in the Grand Army of the Repub
lic, from guard to department command
er, and resides in Checotah, I. T.
HARRISON, WILLIAM POPE, clergy
man, author, was born in 1830, in Georgia.
He is a prominent clergyman of the meth-
odist church, south, and the author of
Theophilus Walton, a controversial work;
Lights and Shadows of Forty Years; The
Living Christ; The High Churchman Dis
armed; Methodist Union; and The Gospel
Among the Slaves.
HARRISSE, HENRI, bibliographer, au
thor, was born in 1830, in France. He is
a bibliographer of New York city, of
French birth, but long a citizen of the
United States. He is the author of Bib-
liotheca Americana Vetustissima; Chris-
tophe Colombe; Jean et Sebastian Cabot;
and The Discovery of North America.
HARRITY, WILLIAM F., lawyer, poli
tician, was born Oct. 19, 1850, in Wil
mington, Del. He received his education
_^^^^_____^ In the public and
private schools
and St. Mary's col
lege, in his native
city; and in 1871
graduated from the
LaSalle college, of
Philadelphia, Pa.,
with the degree of
M. A. During 1885-
89 he was postmas
ter at Philadelphia;
secretary of the
state of Pennsyl
vania during 1891-95; and chairman of
the democratic national committee dur
ing 1892-96. He has attained success as
an astute lawyer of Philadelphia, Pa.,
where he is also president of the Equita
ble Trust company.
HARROD, JAMES, a Kentucky pioneer,
was born in 1746 in Virginia. He built
the first log cabin upon the present site
of Harrodsburg; and was one of the most
efficient of the early military leaders of
Kentucky.
HARROW, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born about 1820, in Indiana. He was en
gaged, as colonel of the fourteenth Indi
ana infantry, at the battle of Antietam,
where more than half of his regiment
were killed or wounded. He was commis
sioned as brigadier-general of volunteers
in 1862, and resigned in 1865.
HARRY, MATTHEW JAMES, soldier,
legislator, poet, was born Oct. 14, 1821, in
Epping, N. H. He has served as a captain
of a company of infantry in the fourth
regiment of the old New Hampshire mi
litia. He served with distinction in 1855-
56 as a member of the New Hampshire
state legislature. He has contributed val
uable articles to the agricultural press;
and is the author of a number of merito
rious poems.
HARSH, JAMES BIRNEY, soldier, ed
ucator, banker, legislator, was born Sept.
8, 1845, in Clinton county, Ohio. After
completing his education at tne Lombard
university of Galesburg, 111., he taught
school; was school principal, and be
came president of a business college.
During the civil war he was sergeant of
company K, one hundred and forty-eighth
Illinois regiment volunteer infantry. He
has twice served as mayor of Creston,
Iowa; was the founder and editor of the
Creston Daily Gazette; and has been
president of several leagues and associa
tions. He served with distinction for two
terms as a member of the Iowa state sen
ate; and since 1882 has been president of
the First National bank of Creston, Iowa;
in which city he has always been promi
nently identified with its financial and
public atiairs.
HARSH, SAMUEL DAVID, journalist,
was born May 26, 1869, in Galesburg, 111.
He received his education in the public
schools of Creston, Iowa; and at the Lom
bard university of Galesburg, 111. He
took an active part in public affairs; was
delegate and vice-president of Iowa of
the national republican league. He was
the brilliant editor of the Creston Daily
Gazette; a man of high attainment; but
died at an early age, on March 3, 1893.
HARSHA, DAVID ADDISON, author,
was born Sept. 15, 1827, in Argyle, N. Y.
He is a writer in Argyle, N. Y., and the
author of The Heavenly Token; The Star
of Bethlehem; Manual of Sacred Litera
ture; Lives of Charles Sumner, Dodd-
ridge, Baxter, Bunyan, Addison, James
Hervey, Watts, Whitefield, Abraham
Booth; and Eminent Orators and States
men.
HARSHAW, ANDREW. merchant,
state senator, was born Feb. 4, 1839, in
Ireland. He has been twice elected a
member 01 the Micfiigan state senate, in
1887 and in 1889.
HARSHMAN, SAMUEL RUFUS, edu
cator, clergyman, evangelist, was born
Nov. 30, 1841, in Trumbull county, Ohio.
He received nis education at the Alle
gheny college of Meadville, Pa., and at
the Illinois college of Jacksonville, 111.
During 1856-64 he was engaged in educa
tional work: then for five years was a
clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church; and since 1869 has been an evan
gelist. He is the author of a volume en
titled bermons on Familiar Subjects.
HART, ABRAHAM, publisher, was
born Dec. 15, 1810, in Philadelphia, Pa.
His house was the first to collect the
fugitive essays of Macaulay, Jeffrey,
Mackintosh, Carlyle, and others, and pub
lish them in separate volumes. He died
July 22, 1885, in Long Branch, N. J.
HART, ALBERT BUSHNELL, educa
tor, author, was born in 1854, in Pennsyl
vania. He is a professor of history in Har
vard university, and the author of Co
ercive Powers of the United States Gov
ernment; Introduction to the Study of
Federal Government; Formation of the
Union, 1750-1829; Studies in Education;
Life of Salmon Chase; and Practical Es
says on American Government.
HART, ALPHONSO, lawyer, journalist,
lieutenant-governor, congressman, was
born July 4, 1830, in Vienna, Ohio. He
was editor of the
Portage Sentinel
from 1854 to 1857:
and was elected
prosecuting attorney
of Portage county
in 1861, and re-elect
ed in 1863. In 1864
he resigned and was
elected state sen
ator; and was again
elected state senator
in 1871. In 1872 he
was a presidential
elector; and in 1873 was elected lieuten
ant-governor. He removed from Ravenna
to Cleveland, Ohio; in 1878 settled at
Hillsboro; and was elected a representa
tive from Ohio to the forty-eighth con
gress.
HART, CHARLES HENRY, lawyer, art
expert, author, was born Feb. 4, 1847, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is director of the
Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts; and
a recognized authority on historical por
traiture in this country and abroad. He
is the author of Memoir of W. H. Pres-
cott; Biographical Sketch of Abraham
Lincoln; Turner, the Dream Painter; Re
marks on Tabasco, Mexico; and Biblio-
graphia Websteriana.
456
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HART, DAN, educator, farmer, legis
lator, was born Nov. 6. 1855, in Andrews,
Ohio. He attended the Normal school of
Valparaiso, Ind., and the Normal school
of Worthington, Ohio. For many years
he was engaged in educational work, and
is now a successful farmer and stock-
raiser of Norton, Kan. He served two
terms as clerk of the district court; was
elected a representative in the Kansas
state legislature in 1894; and to the state
senate in 1896.
HART, DAVID HASLETON. soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born Nov. 9. 1839,
in Lycoming county. Pa. He served as
captain of company C, one hundred and
sixth Illinois volunteer infantry, during
the civil war. He was elected a member
of the Illinois legislature in 1879; and has
been candidate for congress and governor
on the prohibition ticket in 1882 and in
1884.
HART, E. KIRKE, banker, congress
man, was born April 18, 1841, in Albion.
N. Y. He was a member of the assembly
in 1872; and was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
HART, EMANUEL BERNARD, mer
chant, lawyer, congressman, was born Oct.
29, 1811, in New York city. He was a
representative in congress from 1851 to
1853. He was at one time a lieutenant-
colonel of the state militia; was appoint
ed surveyor of the port of New York;
and was also frequently a member of the
state and national conventions of the
democratic party.
HART, HASTINGS HORNELL, philan
thropist, was born Dec. !•», 1851, in Brook-
field, Ohio. In 1883 he was appointed
secretary of the state board of correc
tions and charities; and during 1894-98
was secretary of the national conference
of charities and corrections. In 1898 he
became superintendent of the Illinois
Children's Home and Aid society of Chi
cago.
HART. HENRY, lawyer, state legis
lator, jurist, was born May 13, 1840, in
China, Mich. He has been a justice of the
peace; was prosecuting attorney of his
county for four years; and in 1875 was
elected a member of the Michigan state
legislature. The same year he was elected
judge of the twenty-first judicial circuit,
which office he still fills, having been re-
elected three times.
HART, JAMES MORGAN, educator,
author, was born in 1839, in New Jersey.
He has been a professor of Germanic
languages at Cornell university since"
1868, and is the author of Handbook of
English Composition; Syllabus of Anglo-
Saxon Literature; and German Universi
ties.
HART, JOEL T.; sculptor, inventor,
was born in 1810, in Clark county, Ky.
His best compositions are Charity; Wo
man Triumphant; and Penseroea. He
invented an apparatus for obtaining me
chanically the outline of a head from life.
He died March 1, 1877, in Italy.
HART, JOHN, signer of the Declaration
of Independence, was born in 1708, in
Hopewell, N. J. He was one of the sign
ers of the Declaration of Independence,
and great confidence was reposed in the
wisdom and judgment of honest John
Hart. He died in 1780, in Hopewell, N. .].
HART, JOHN SEELY, educator, au
thor, was born Jan. 28, 1810, In Stock-
bridge, Mass. He was an educator of New
Jersey who was professor of rhetoric at
Princeton college in 1872-77. He was the
author of Manuals of English and Amer
ican Literature; Composition and Rhet
oric; and In the Schoolroom. He died
March 26, 1877, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HART, JOSEPH J., journalist, business
man, congressman, was born April 18,
1859, in Nyack, N. Y. He attended the
schools of his native
villageand the Char-
lier institute of New
York city, from
which institution he
graduated in 1876:
became bookkeeper
in a grain ware
house in Brooklyn;
on attaining his ma
jority returned to
Nyack and pur
chased City and
Country, the leading
democratic newspaper of the section,
which he successfully conducted until
1883, when he removed to Pike county,
I'a.. where he has since resided. He is
engaged in insurance and real estate bus
iness at Milford. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a democrat.
HART, JOSEPH PEEPLES, lawyer,
journalist, was born May 9. 1847, in Arka-
delphia, Ark. This successful lawyer and
journalist has always been prominently
identified with the public affairs of his
native city and county. He has been
special circuit judge; United States cir
cuit court commissioner; commissioner of
accounts for his county; and for many
years a justice of the peace.
HART, NANCY, revolutionary heroine,
was born about 1755, in Elbert county,
Ga. On the occasion of an excursion of
the British from the camp at Augusta
into the interior, a party of five of the
enemy came to her cabin to pillage.
While they were eating and drinking at
her table she contrived to conceal their
arms, and when they sprang to their feet
at the sound of the approaching neigh
bors she ordered them to surrender or
pay the forfeit with their lives. One man
stirred, and was shot dead. Terror of
capture induced another to attempt es
cape, but he met with the same fate.
When the neighbors arrived they found
the woman posted in the doorway, two
men dead on the floor, and the others
kept at bay. Hart county, Ga., is named
for her. She died about 1840, in Elbert
county, Ga.
HART, 0. B., jurist, governor, was
born in the north. He was made associate
judge of the supreme court in 1868; was
elected governor of Florida in 1872. He
died March 18, 1874.
HART, OLIVER, clergyman, author,
was born July 5, 1723, in Warminster, Pa.
He was an active patriot, and was sent
with William Tennant by the council of
safety to reconcile some of the disaffected
frontier settlers to the change in public
affairs consequent upon the revolution.
He had some ability as a writer of verse,
and published a Discourse on the Death
of William Tennant; Dancing Exploded:
The Christian Temple; and A Gospel
Church Portrayed. He died Dec. 31, 1795,
in Hopewell, N. J.
HART. ROSWELL, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1824, in Rochester, N. f.
In 1864 he was elected a representative
from New York to the thirty-ninth con
gress; and was re-elected to the fortieth
congress. He died April 20, 1883.
HART. SAMUEL, clergyman, educator,
author, was born in 1845, in Connecticut.
He is an episcopal clergyman, professor
in Trinity college; and has published edi
tions of Juvenal and Persius; and His
torical Sermons of Bishop Seabury.
HART, WILLIAM, artist, was bora
March 31, 1823, in Scotland. At the or
ganization of the Brooklyn academy of
design in 1865, he became its president,
and continued in that office several years.
He has exhibited at the National acad
emy The September Snow; and Autumn
in the Woods of Maine; Scene on the Pea-
body River, in water colors; Twilight on
the Brook.
HART, WILLIAM OCTAVE, lawyer,
was born Aug. 19, 1857, in New Orleans,
La. He received his education in the pub
lic schools of his na
tive city, and at
Lusher's Commer
cial academy. In
1878 he commenced
the study of law,
and was admitted to
the bar in 1880 by
the supreme court
of Louisiana. Since
that time he has the
record of having
tried more cases
than any other law
yer in New Orleans. He has traveled ex
tensively throughout the American con
tinent; has been in every state and terri
tory of the union; every city ot any size
In the United States; and through Can
ada from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
Mr. Hart owns the largest private library
in the south. He was a member of the
constitutional convention of Louisiana in
1898; and has served three terms as a
member of the examining committee of
the supreme court of the state of Louisi
ana, for the admission of candidates to-
the bar. He is a member of the Com
mercial Law league and the American
Bar association.
HARTE FRANCIS BRET, journalist,
author, poet, was born Aug. 25, 1839, in
Albany, N. Y. He is a California writer
who first drew public attention in 1868
by a short story called The Luck of
Roaring Camp, published in the Overland
Monthly, which he edited. This tale, and
the now famous poem. Plain Language
from Truthful James, established his rep
utation. From 18d to 1878 he resided in
New York, and since that date he has
lived abroad, but mainly in London from
1885. His writings include, Condensed
Novels; The Luck of Roaring Camp, and
Other Sketches; Mrs. Skaggs's Husbands;
Tales of the Argonauts; Gabriel Conroy;
Two Men of Sandy Bar, a play; The Story
of a Mine; Drift from Two Shores;
Thankful Blossom; The Twins of Table
Mountain: By Shore and Sedge; Flip, and
Found at Blazing Star; In the Carquinez
Woods; On the Frontier; Maruja; Snow-
Bound at Egle's; The Queen of the Pi
rate Isle, a Chilu s Story; A Millionaire
of Rough-and-Ready: The Crusade of the
Excelsior; A Phyllis of the Sierras; The
Argonauts of North Liberty; Cressy:
The Heritage of Dedlow Marsh; A Waif
of the Plains; A vVard of the Golden
Gate; A Sappho of Green Springs; Col
onel Starbottle's Client; A First Family
of Tasajara; Susy; A Protegee of Jack
Hamlin's; Sally Dows; The Bell-Ringer
of Angel's; Clarence; and In a Hollow of
the Hills; Barker's Luck. In verse he
has published East and West Poems;
Echoes of the Foot Hills.
HARTE, WALTER BLACKBURN, au
thor, was born in 1866, in Canada. He
has published Meditations, in Motley.
HARTER, MICHAEL D., banker, man
ufacturer, congressman, was born April
6, 1846, in Canton, Ohio. He was elected
from Ohio to the fifty-second and re-
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
democrat.
HARTLEY. CECIL B., author. He was
author of Louis Wetzel, the Virginia
Ranger; Lives of Empress Josephine
Francis Marion, Daniel Boone; Hunting
Spots in the West; Lives of the Three
Mrs Judsons; and Pictorial Teaching and
Bible Illustration.
HARTLEY, ISAAC SMITHSON cler
gyman, author, was born Sept 27 1830
m New York city. He is a Dutch re-
ormed clergyman of Utica since 1871 and
Mn|allthnr-t°f-Prayer and Its Relation to
Modern Criticism; and Old Fort Schuvler
in History.
HARTLEY, JONATHAN SCOTT
sculptor, was born Sept. 23, 1845 in Al
bany, N. Y. He is one of the original
members of the Salmagundi Sketch club
and was professor of anatomy in the'
schools of the Art Students' league in
is™ en 3ud President of the league in
His works include The Young
Samaritan; King Rene's Daughter
HARTLEY, LEWIS R., educator, author,
poet. He is the author of several his
torical works and his poems have been a
valuable acquisition to periodical litera-
HARTLEY, ROBERT MILHAM phil
anthropist, author, was born Feb 17
796, in England. He was a philanthro
pist who founded in 1842 the New York
Association for Improving the Condition
the Poor. He was the author of His
tory, Science, and Practical Essay on
Milk; and Temperance in Large Cities
and Towns. He died March A 1881 in
New York city.
HARTLEY, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer
congressman, was born Sept 7 1748 in
Reading, Pa. He served in the revolu
tionary war as a colonel from 1776 to
17(9. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1789 until
his death. He died Dec. 21, 1800, in York,
i 3,,
HARTMAN. CHARLES S., lawyer con
gressman, was born March 1, 1861 in
Monticello, Ind. He was elected probate
judge of Gallatin county, Montana and
served two years as such. In 1889 he was
a member of the constitutional conven-
'on:ami was elected to the fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses as a repub
lican, and re-elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a silver republican.
i«tHlR™!AN' WIL^AM DELL, natural-
st, was born Dec. 24, 1817, in Chester
t,nn yf ^n He has made a large collec
tion of shells, which is especially rich in
partute and achatmell*. In connection
with Dr. Ezra Michener. he issued an
llustrated and descriptive catalogue of
tresh water and land shells of Chester
county, Pa.
HARTRANFT, CHESTER DAVID
clergyman, college president, was born
Oct. 15, 1839. in Frederick, Pa He has
been professor of ecclesiastical history in
the Hartford Theological seminary of
which institution he is president.
HARTRANFT, JOHN FREDERICK
soldier, governor, was born Dec. 16 183o'
m Montgomery county, Pa. He was a
colonel of the fourth Pennsylvania- and
•om 1864 was a brigadier-general and
had command of a brigade at the battle
of the \Vilderness. He was brevetted a
major-general; and his troops were the
first that entered Petersburg In 1865 he
was elected auditor-general of Pennsyl
vania, and re-elected in 1868 In 187' he
was elected governor of Pennsylvania
f? i^oS.re\elected in 18'°- He died Oct.'
n, l»89, in Norristown, Pa.
HARTRIDGE, JULIAN, soldier lawyer
congressman, was born in Savannah Ga'
J was so,,citor-general of the eastern
HERR,XGSHAW,S ENCYCLOPEDIA Q1, AMKRICAN BIOGRAPHY
457
judicial circuit of Georgia; a representa
tive in the state legislature; and delegate
t Vi™Chai;leston democratic convention
I860. He served in the confederate
irmy; and was a member of the confed-
erae congress. He was elected a repre
sentative from Georgia to the forty-fourth
congress, and re-eiected to the fortv-fifth
congress. He died Jan. 8 1879
HARTSHORNE, CHARLES, railroad
president, was born Sept. 2, 1829, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1857 he became president
18B2 of t?"3,1"1!*6 Rallroad company; in
of the Lehigh and Mahoning, and in
1880 president of the Lehigh Valley
HARTSHORNE, EDWARD, physician,
author, was born May 14, 1818, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia phy
sician and the author of Separate Sys
tem for Criminals; Ophthalmic Medicine
Surgery; and an edition of Taylor's
Medical Jurisprudence, with notes He
died June 22, 1885, in Philadelphia Pa
HARTSHORNE, HENRY, physician
vl , r',poet' was 0°rn March 16, 1823 in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia
physician, and professor of organic sci
ence at Haverford college in 18t>7-97 He
was the author of Memoranda Medica-
Essentials of Principles and Practice of
Medicines; Family Adviser; Our Homes;
Cholera; Household Manual; Handbook
of Human Anatomy; Conspectus of the
Medical Sciences; Glycerin and Its Uses-
Woman's Witchcraft, a dramatic rol
malice; and Summer Songs. He died in
1 o" /.
HARTSUFF, GEORGE LUCAS, soldier,
was born May 28, 1830, in lyre N Y
He served at Fort Pickens, Fla., till 1861 •'
then ,n West Virginia under General
Rosecrans, and became a brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers, he died May 16 1874
m New York city.
HARTT, CHARLES FREDERICK ed
ucator, author, was born in 1840 in New
Brunswick. He was a professor of geol-
°hyfat,9?rne11 university in 1868, and
chief of the geological surveys in Brazil
at the time of his death. He was the
author of Geology and Physical Geog
raphy of Brazil; Contributions to the
Geology of the Lower Amazons; and Am
azonian Tortoise Myths. He died in 1878
HARTWELL, ALONZO, artist, was
)orn89!\b- 19. 1805, in Littleton, 'Mass
In 1822 he went to Boston, and soon af
terward was apprenticed to a wood en
graver, till 182t>, when he engaged in the
business for himself. He subsequently
attained national repute as an artist
He died Jan. 17, 1872, in Waltham Mass
T-I A RA^TJ*V /"* f
i ttv a, *, c. C., railroad president was
'.CVV 18t6' in Newfoundland. Since
1 he has been the president of the New
Orleans and North Eastern railroad- Ala
bama ana Vicksburg railway; and Vicks-
burg, Shreveport and Pacific railroad
HARVEY, DAVID A., soldier, lawyer
jurist, congressman, was born March 2o'
$45, m Nova Scotia. He served through-'
the war in company B, fourth Ohio
faVa!co' "." removed to Topeka, Kan.,
in 1869, where he served four years as
city attorney, and six years as probate
judge. He was elected delegate from
Oklahoma to the fifty-second congress as
a republican.
HARVEY, DWIGHT B., clergyman, ed
ucator, was born June 4, 1834, in Mar-
tmsburg, Ohio. Since 1882 he has been
president of the Granville Female col-
ege, which was founded in 1827, and is
bus the pioneer girls' school of the
higher type in the west.
HARVEY, JAMES C., author, poet was
born in Danbury, Conn. He is a well-
known journalist of New York city and
ie author of a volume of poems entitled
Lines and Rhymes.
HARVEY. JAMES MADISON civil
engineer, governor. United States sen
ator, was born Sept. 21, 1833, in Monroe
•ounty, Va. He was captain in the fourth
and tenth regiments of Kansas volunteer
infantry from 1861 until 1864 He was a
member in the lower house of the state
legislature in 1865 and 1866; and a mem
ber of the state senate in 1867 and 1868-
was governor of Kansas from 1869 to
1871;^ and was elected to the United States
to fill a vacancy, serving during
HARVEY, JOHN, was made governor
of Virginia in 1630. He served for nearly
ten years, and was one of the most un
popular ot the colonial governors.
HARVEY, JONATHAN, lawyer con
gressman, was born in 1780, in Merrimack
county, N. H. He served seven years in
the two houses of the state legislature'
was president of the senate from 1817 to
23; and was a state counselor from
823 to 1825. He was a representative in
congress from New Hampshire from 1825
to mi. He died Aug. 23, 1850, in Sutton
HARTZELL, J. HAZARD, clergyman
author, poet, was born in 1830, in Penn-
ylvania. He was an episcopal clergyman
of Waverly, N. Y., but prior to 1881 a
noted clergyman in the universalist faith
for fourteen years a pastor in Buffalo'
He was the author of Wanderings on
Parnassus, a collection of verse- and Ap
plication and Achievement. He died m
HARTZELL, WILLIAM, lawyer con
gressman, was born Feb. 20, 1837 in' Stark
county, Ohio. He was elected a repre
sentative to the forty-fourth congress
rrom Illinois; and was re-elected to the
forty-fifth congress as a democrat.
HARVARD, JOHN, clergyman, founder
Harvard college, was born Sept 2 1608
m England. At his death he left a leg
acy of four thousand dollars to endow a
school at Cambridge, and is thus memor
able as the founder of the university of
Harvard college, which is not controlled
by any religious denomination. He died
Sept. 14, 1638, in Cnarlestown, Mass.
HARVEY. LOUIS POWELL, educator
journalist, governor, was born July 22
1820, in East Haddajn, Conn. He was a
member of the first state constitutional
convention of Wisconsin; was in the state
senate from 1855 to 1857; and was chosen
secretary of state soon afterward He
was elected governor of Wisconsin in
1861. He died April 19, 1862.
HARVEY, MATTHEW, lawyer, jurist
congressman, governor, was born June 21
1781, in Sutton, N. H. He was for many
years a member of the New Hampshire
legislature, and speaker of the house
from 1818 to 1821. He was a representa
tive in congress from New Hampshire
from 1821 to 1825. He was president of
the state senate from 1825 to 1828- and
was a state counselor in 1828 He was
governor of the state in 1830; and in 1831
was appointed judge of the United States
district court. He died April 7, 1866. in
Concord, N. H.
HARVEY, PETER, merchant, state leg
islator, author, was born July 10, 1810 in
Barnet, Vt. He was treasurer of the
Rutland railroad, and president of the
Kilby bank. He served in both branches
of the Massachusetts legislature. He was
the author of Reminiscences and Anec
dotes of Daniel Webster. He died June
27, 1877, in Boston, Mass
458
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HARVEY, WILLIAM HOPE, author,
was born in 1851, in West Virginia. He
is a writer on financial topics whose the
ories regarding unlimited coinage of sil
ver have been popular with superficial
thinkers. He is the author of Coin's Fi
nancial School; and A Tale of Two Na
tions, a financial novel.
HARVEY, WILLIAM JAMESON, cap
italist, was born May 13, 1838, in Ply
mouth, Pa. He served in the civil war,
and attained the rank of adjutant. He
is president and manager of the Wilkes-
barre and Kingston Street railway; and
president of the Wyoming Valley Lace
mills.
HARVIE, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Scotland. He was a delegate to
the continental congress from Virginia
from 1778 to 1779; and signed the articles
of confederation. He died Feb. 6, 1807,
in Richmond, Va.
HARWARD, THOMAS, ship builder,
was born March 15, 1789, in Bowdoin-
ham, Maine. He was a member of the
Maine militia, and brevetted major at the
•close of the war of 1812. He purchased
the large Patterson shipyard and docks
•of that city, which are historic from the
fact that before the revolution they were
known as the king's docks. He died
Nov. 30, 1891, in Brooklyn, N. V.
HARWOOD, ANDREW ALLEN, naval
•officer, author, was born in 1802, in Set
tle, Pa. He was a rear admiral in the
United States navy, and the author of
Summary Courts Martial; and Law and
Practice of the United States Navy Courts
Martial. He died Aug. 28, 1884, in Marion,
Mass.
HARWOOD. CHARLES E.. manufac
turer, was born in 1851, in Charlestown,
Mass. He attained success as a manufac
turer of Lynn, Mass.; was mayor of that
city in 1894; and received the election to
a second term.
HARWOOD, ELIHU BURRETT, artist,
was born Nov. 26, 1855, in Charles City,
Iowa. He has auained prominence as a
painter of portraits and figure work, and
in 1893 organized an art school in Minne
apolis, Minn.
HARWOOD, JuriN EDMUND, actor,
author, poet, was born in 1771, in Eng
land. He was an English actor who came
to the United States in 1793, and pub
lished a collection of poems the year of
his death. He died Sept. 21, 1809, in Ger-
mantown, Pa.
HARWOOD, WATSON H., physician,
surgeon, genealogist, was born June 18,
1854, in Bangor, N. Y. He attended the
Normal school of
Oswego; and in 1881
graduated from the
medical department
of the university of
Vermont. He at
once began the prac
tice of his profes
sion at Chasm Falls,
N. Y., and has at
tained prominence
as one of the lead
ing physicians of his
state. He is the au
thor of a genealogical Record of the Har-
wood Families. He began compiling the
record of his family a quarter of a cen
tury ago; and has always taken great In
terest in historical and genealogical stud
ies. He has been prominently identified
with the prohibition party; and takes a
leading part In the public affairs of his
Bounty and state.
HARWOOD, WILLIAM S.. journalist,
was born Oct. 16, 1857, in Charles City,
Iowa. For three years he was on the
-editorial staff of the Chicago Inter Ocean.
HASBROUCK, ABRAHAM, state sen
ator, congressman. He was a member of
the New York assembly from Ulster coun
ty in 1781 and 1782, and again in 1811.
He was a representative in congress from
1813 to 1815; and was a state senator in
1822.
HASBROUCK, ABRAHAM BRUYN,
lawyer, college president, congressman,
was born in November, 1791, in Kingston,
N. Y. He was a representative in con
gress fom New York from 1825 to 1827;
and was president of Rutgers college,
which office he resigned. He died Feb.
23, 1879, in Kingston, N. Y.
HASBROUCK, JOS1AH, congressman,
He was for four years a member of the
New York assembly; and was a repre
sentative in congress from that, state from
1803 to 1805, and again from 1817 to 1819.
HASBROUCK, LYDIA SAYER, physi
cian, dress reformer, was born Dec. 20,
1827, in Warwick, N. Y. She received
her education at the New York Central
college; and at the Hygeia-Therapeutic
college of New York city. During 1856-64
she was the editor and publisher of The
Sibyl, a woman's rights and dress re
form paper; and for several years was
associate editor of the Orange County
Press. Subsequently she became the pro
prietor of a health institution in Middle-
town, at her home on Sibyl Ridge. She
was one of the first women elected as a
member of the board of education in the
state of New York. Since 1849 she has
been a practical dress reformer; and also
an advocate for equal political rights with
men.
HASCALL, AUGUSTUS P., congress
man, was born in Massachusetts. He was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1851 to 1853.
HASCALL, DANIEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 24, 1782, in Benning-
ton, Vt. He was a baptist clergyman of
Hamilton, N. Y., and the author of Bap
tism; Elements of Theology; and Analy
sis of Divine Revelation. He died June
28, 1852, in Hamilton, N. *.
HASCALL, MILO SMITH, soldier,
banker, was born Aug. 5, 1829, in Le Roy,
N. Y. In 1862 he was promoted to briga
dier-general in the seventeenth Indiana
volunteers. Since 1865 he has been a
banker of Goshen, Ind.
HASELTINE, JAMES HENRY, soldier,
sculptor, was born Nov. 2, 1833, in Phila
delphia, Pa. After the close of the civil
war, in which he served as major of the
sixth Pennsylvania cavalry, he went to
Europe to study art. He has lived in
Rome, Paris and Nice. His works include
Happy Youth; America Honoring Her
Fallen Brave; Love; and Ingratitude.
HASELTINE, WILLIAM STANLEY,
artist, was born Jan. 11, 1835, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was elected a member of
the national academy in 1861. His early
works include Indian Rock, Nahant; Cas
tle Rock, Nahant; and a Calm Sea, Men-
tone.
HASKELL, ABRAHAM, physician,
was born Nov. 16, 1746, in Lancaster,
Mass. He became a member of the Mas
sachusetts Medical society soon after its
establishment, was a successful practi
tioner, and labored faithfully during the
spotted-fever panic in Worcester county.
He died Dec. 13, 1834, in Ashby, Mass.
HASKELL, DANIEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1784, in Preston, Conn.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Burlington, Vt., who was subsequently a
writer in Brooklyn. He was the author
of Gazetteer of the United States; and
Chronological View of the World. He
died Aug. 9, 1848, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HASKELL, DANIEL NOYES, journal
ist, was born Jan. 1, 1818, in Newbury-
port, Mass. He wrote constantly for the
press, and in 1853 became editor of the
Boston Transcript, which post he held
until his death. He died Nov. 13, 1874,
in Boston, Mass.
HASKELL. DUDLEY C., merchant,
congressman, was born March 23, 1842, in
Springfield, Vt. He moved to Kansas and
served as a representative in the state
legislature in 1872, 1875, and 1876; and
the last term as speaker. He was elected
a representative from Kansas to the for
ty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh and
forty-eighth congresses. He died Dec. 16,
1883, in Washington.
HASKELL, ELLA L. KNOWLES, law
yer, was born July 31, 1862, in North-
wood, N. H. She received her education
at the Bates college
of Lewiston, Maine.
Sne has attained
prominence as a
successful lawyer of
Helena, Mont.; and
served with distinc
tion as assistant at
torney-general of
Montana from Jan
uary, 1893, to Jan
uary, 1897; serving
four years in all. In
1896 she was a dele
gate to the populist county, state and na
tional conventions; and is prominently
identified in the public affairs of Montana.
As a lawyer she ranks high, and has con
tributed extensively to law literature.
HASKELL, ELMER E., lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 2, 1861, in Chatham, N. ri.
He is a successful lawyer of Palatka, Fla.,
and in 1897 he was appointed by the gov
ernor of Florida to be judge of the crim
inal court of record for Putnam county,
Fla.
HASKELL, HARRIET NEWELL, edu
cator, was born Jan. 14, 1835, in Waldo-
boro, Maine. She attended the Castleton
Classical school, Vt.,
and graduated from
the Mount Holyoke
college in 1855. She
was principal of the
high school of her
native city; and for
six years was prin
cipal of the Castle-
ton Classical sem
inary. In 1867 she
was called to the
principals-hip of the
Monticello seminary
of Godfrey, 111., which is the oldest
equipped school in the west for the higher
education of girls. This establishment was
totally destroyed by fire in 1888, and by
her efforts was rebuilt in thirteen months
more complete and beautiful than before.
HASKELL. JAMES RICHARDS, in
ventor, was born Sept. 17, 1825, in Geneva,
N. Y. In 1854 he began a series of ex
periments with steel breech-loading rifled
cannon and breech-loading small arms,
manufacturing twenty-five of the former,
which were purchased by the Mexican
government, and were the first of the de
scription that were made in the United
States.
HASKELL. LLEWELLYN FROST, sol
dier, was born Oct. 8, 1842. He enlisted
in the fourteenth New York regiment,
rose to the rank of captain, and at the
close of the war was brevetted brigadier-
general of volunteers. He then became
associated with his father in the develop
ment of Llewellyn park, but in 1877 re
moved to San Francisco, Cal.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
459
HASKELL, LLEWELLYN SOLOMON,
merchant, was born Jan. 4, 1815, in Glou
cester, Maine. In 1857 he began to lay
out Llewellyn park, and about 1859 re
tired from business to give his whole time
to its improvement. He died May 31,
1872, in Santa Barbara, Cal.
HASKELL, THOMAS NELSON, clergy
man, educator, author, poet, was born in
Chautauqua county, N. Y. He is the au
thor of The Boys in Blue; Konkaput;
the King of the Utes, a fascinating poem
of remarkable merit. He is the state
librarian of Colorado, and fills the posi
tion of chaplain of the senate.
HASKELL, ULYSSES G., lawyer, gen
ealogist, was born Oct. 3, 1863, in Chat
ham, N. H. He has served as examiner
United States pension bureau, and presi
dent of the Beverly common council. He
is the author of a Genealogy on the Has-
kell Family.
HASKELL, WILLIAM T., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born in Tennessee.
He was colonel of a regiment of Tennes
see volunteers in the war with Mexico,
and distinguished himself at Medelin and
at Cerro Gordo. He was a representa
tive in congress from Tennessee from
1847 to 1849; and presidential elector in
1852. He died March 20, 1859, in Hopkins-
ville, Tenn.
HASKIN, JOHN B., lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 7, 1821, in Fordham,
N. Y. He held several important city
offices from 1846 to 1856; and was then
elected a representative in the thirty-fifth
congress from New York, and re-elected
to the thirty-sixth congress.
HASKIN, JOSEPH A., soldier, was born
in 1817, in New York. He served in the
civil war and was promoted to be major
in 1862, and brevet colonel and brevet
brigadier-general in 1865. He was retired
from active service in 1872. He died Aug.
3, 1874, in Oswego, N. Y.
HASKIN, NELSON, merchant, state
legislator, was born Oct. 20, 1849, in Can
ada. He is a descendant of Bartholomew
Haskin, who arrived
__^^^^^^^^ in Boston harbor
rl from England in
1635, and settled in
Elizabeth City. He
moved to Michigan
in 1871, and has at
tained success as
one of the foremost
merchants of Lapeer
county, at Imlay
City. For two terms
he was village presi
dent; has filled nu
merous public offices of trust; is a promi
nent mover in various fraternal orders;
and during 1887-88 served with distinction
as a representative in the Michigan state
legislature.
HASKINS, CHAHLES N., educator,
was born Aug. 16, 1857, in Huntington,
Ohio. In 1881 he entered the Ohio
Institute for the Deaf as a teacher,
where he continued for thirteen years.
In 1893 he became connected with the
deaf department of the Chicago city
schools. For two years he edited and
published a patriotic magazine known as
The Washingtonian. He subsequently or
ganized the Co-operative College of Cit
izenship, which now has a faculty of fifty
members in twelve departments, intended
to cover the whole field of sociology.
HASKINS, DAVID GREENE, clergy
man, author, was born in 1818, in Massa
chusetts. He was an episcopal clergy
man and educator of Cambridge. He
was the author of Selections from the
Old and New Testament for Use in Fam
ilies and Schools; French and English
First Book; and Maternal Ancestors of
Ralph Waldo Emerson.
HASLETT, JOHN, soldier, physician,
state legislator, was born in Ireland. He
was repeatedly in the state assembly of
Delaware. He served during the revolu
tionary war, and was in the actions of
Long Island and White Plains. He died
Jan. 3, 1777. in Princeton, N. J.
HASLETT, JOHN, physician, surgeon,
was born in December, 1799, in Charles
ton, S. C. He entered the United States
navy as a surgeon in 1822, and continued
in service, reaching the rank of fleet-sur
geon, until 1841, when he resigned. On
the establishment of the Brooklyn city
hospital Dr. Haslett became its vice-
president, and practically its head; and
in 1853 its president. He died Sept. 28,
1878, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HASLETT, JOSEPH, governor, was
born in Delaware. He was governor of
Delaware from 1811 to I&i4, and again
in 1823 and 1824. He died in July, 1824.
HASSARD, JOHN ROSE GREENE,
journalist, author, was born Sept. 4, 1836,
in New York city. He was a New York
journalist, who was a literary critic -on
the staff of the Tribune, and was the au
thor of The King of the Nibelung; School
History of the United States; Life of
Archbishop Hughes; The Life of Pope
Pius Ninth; and A Pickwickian Pilgrim
age. He died April 18, 1888, in New York
city.
HASSARD, SAMUEL, clergyman, was
born Jan. 21, 1806, in Jamaica, W. I.
He was largely instrumental in promot
ing the growth of the protestant episco
pal church in New Kngland. A volume of
his sermons was published after his
death, with a memoir by Henry W. Lee.
He died Jan. 13, 1847, in Great Barring-
ton, Mass.
HASSAUREK, FRIEDRICH, lawyer,
journalist, diplomat, author, was born in
1832. He was a journalist and lawyer of
Cincinnati, Ohio, and in 1861-66 was min
ister resident to Ecuador. He was the
author of Four Years Among the Span
ish-Americans; and The Secret of the
Andes. He died Oct. 3, 1885, in Paris,
France.
HASSELQUIST, TOOVAY NELSSON,
clergyman, college president, was born
March 2, 1816, in Sweden. He was called
in 1863 to the presidency of the Swedish
seminary at Paxton, which was removed
in 1875 to Rock Island, 111., under the title
of Augustana college and theological
seminary. He was one of the founders of
the Scandinavian Augustana synod and
its presiding officer in 1860-70.
HASSLER, FERDINAND RUDOLPH,
civil engineer, surveyor, author, was born
Oct. 6, 1770, in Switzerland. Hewasa noted
surveyor in the government service who
published System of the Universe and a
series of works on astronomy, arithmetic,
geometry, and trigonometry. He died
Nov. 20, 1843, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HASTINGS, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born March 13, 1807, in
Clinton, N. Y. He was district attorney
for Oneida county nine years; was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1853 to 1855; and late in the latter
year was elected judge for Livingston
county, which office he held until his
death. He died Aug. 29, 1866, in Mount
Morris, N. Y.
HASTINGS, GEORGE H., lawyer, leg
islator, jurist, was born Aug. 26, 1848, in
Marengo, 111. He has been judge of Saline
county, Neb.; representative of the Ne
braska state legislature; and in 1890-94
was attorney-general of that p*ate.
HASTINGS, HOLMAN K., clergyman,
state legislator, poet, was born Oct. 15,
1853, in Bristol, N. H. In 1875 he entered
the Vermont confer
ence and served pas
torates at Guilford,
Bondville, T u n-
bridge and Hancock,
Vt. He was super
intendent of schools
for two years, and
in 1882 was elected a
representative to the
Vermont legislature.
In 1886 he was trans
ferred from the Ver
mont conference to
northwest Iowa, where he is one of the
most noted clergyman of his denomina
tion.
HASTINGS, HORACE LORENZO,
evangelist, author, poet, was born Nov.
26, 1833, in Blandford, Mass. He is the
great anti-infidel
lecturer; has
preached since 1849;
and since 1866 has
published The Chris
tian, which has had
a combined issue of
three million copies,
and published in a
dozen languages. He
has written hun
dreds of hymns;
compiled a hymn
book; and issued
scores of religious books and pamphlets.
He is best known as the author of Shall
We Meet Beyond the River. His other
works are Signs of the Times; Reasons
for My Hope; Thessalonica; and Athe
ism and Arithmetic.
HASTINGS, HUGH J.. journalist, was
born Aug. 20, 1820, in Ireland. He was
appointed by President Taylor collector
of the port of Albany. He assumed the
editorship of the New York Commercial
Advertiser in 1<468, and in 1875 became
its proprietor. He died Sept. 12, 1883, in
Monmouth Reach, N. J.
HASTINGS, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1839 to 1843. He died Dec. 29,
1854, in Columbus, Ohio.
HASTINGS, SAMUEL CLINTON, law
yer, jurist, congressman. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Iowa from 1846
to 1847; and was at one time a judge of
the supreme court of Iowa. He subse
quently practiced law in San Francisco,
Cal.
HASTINGS, SETH, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1760. He was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1801 to 1807; and after his
service in congress was elected a state
senator in 1810 and 1814. He was ap
pointed chief justice of the court of ses
sions. He died in 1831, in Mendon, Mass.
HASTINGS, T. NELSON, state senator,
was born May 23, 1858, in Cambridge,
Mass. In 1897 he was elected a member of
the New Hampshire state senate from
\valpole.
HASTINGS, THOMAS, composer, was
born Oct. 15, 1784, in Washington, Conn.
His publications comprise nearly fifty
separate volumes; and he left over six
hundred hymns in manuscript. He died
May 15, 1872, in New York city.
HASTINGS, THOMAS S., clergyman,
educator, college president, was born Aug.
28, 1827, in Utica, N. Y. In 1881 he was
professor of sacred rhetoric in the Union
Theological seminary; of which institu
tion he has been president since 1887.
460
HERR1XGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HASTINGS, WILLIAM SODEN, state
senator, congressman. He was frequently
a member of the legislature of Massachu
setts; and was in the senate from 1829
to 1834. He was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1837 to 1842.
He died June 17, 1842, in Sulphur Springs,
Va.
HASWELL, CHARLES HAYNES, civil
engineer, author, was horn May 22, 1809,
in New York city. He was a civil engi
neer of much prominence, and the author
of Mechanics' and Engineers' Pocket
Book; Mechanics' Tables; Mensuration
and Practical Geometry; Bookkeeping;
History of the Steam Roller; and Remi
niscences of New York from 1816 to 1855.
HATCH, EDWARD, soldier, was born
Dec. 22, 1832, in Bangor. Maine. In 1864
he was brevetted major-general of vol
unteers; and three years later was pro
moted to the same rank in the United
States army. He subsequently served in
the Indian wars. He died April 11, 1890,
in Fort Robinson, Neb.
HATCH, HERSCHEL HARRISON, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Feb.
17, 1837, in Morrisville, N. Y. In 1863 ne
removed to Bay City, Mich.; was elected
a member of the first board of aldermen
of Bay City in 1865; and elected judge of
prooate in 18o8. He was appointed a
member of the state constitutional com
mission in 1872, and of the state tax com
mission in 1881; and was elected a repre
sentative from Michigan to the forty-
eighth congress as a republican.
HATCH, ISRAEL THOMPSON, con
gressman, was born in 1808, in Owasco,
N. Y. He was a member of the assembly
of that state in 1852; and was elected a
representative to the thirty-fifth congress.
In 1859 he was appointed to examine and
report upon the working of the reciproc
ity treaty; and a few weeks later was
appointed postmaster at Buffalo. He died
Sept. 24, 1875, in Buffalo.
HATCH, JETHRO, A., surgeon, con
gressman, was born June 18, 1&37, in
Chenango county, N. Y. He was com
missioned assistant surgeon of the thirty-
sixth Illinois volunteer infantry in 1862;
and was afterward promoted to surgeon
of the same regiment. In 1872 and 1873
he was a member of the Indiana house
of representatives; and in 1888 was an
alternate delegate to the national re
publican convention. He was elected to
the fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
HATCH, REUBEN, lawyer, jurist, was
born Oct. 11, 1847, in Alstead. N. H. In
1875 he was elected judge of the thirteenth
judicial circuit. Since 1888 he has prac
ticed his profession in Grand Rapids,
Mich., where he has attained note as one
of the foremost lawyers of that state.
HATCH, RILEY BURNHAM, lawyer,
legislator, was born Oct. 19, 1832, in Wil-
liamstown, Vt. He was fitted for college
at the New Salem
academy of Massa
chusetts, at Sax-
ton's River, Vt.;
and graduated from
the Middlebury col
lege of Vermont
with honors in the
class of 1857. Dur
ing 1868-69 he was a
member of the state
legislature of New
Hampshire; and he
again served with
distinction as a
member of that body in 1893. In 1889 he
served as a member of the New Hamp
shire constitutional convention. He is
one of the foremost lawyers of New Eng
land; is connected with various banking
institutions; and has contributed quite
extensively to periodical literature.
HATCH, WILLIAM HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 11,
1833, in Scott county, Ky. He moved to
Missouri; and was elected circuit attor
ney of the sixteenth judicial circuit in
1858, ana re-elected in 1860. He served
in the confederate army as captain and
assistant adjutant-general during the
war of the rebellion. He was elected a
representative from Missouri to the for
ty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth, for
ty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
HATCHER, ROBERT A., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Feb. 24, 1819, in
Buckingham county, Va. He was for six
years circuit attorney of the tenth judi
cial circuit of Missouri; and was a mem
ber of the state legislature in 1850 and
1851. He was a member of the state con
vention in 1862, and of the confederate
congress in 1864. He was elected to the
forty-third, forty-fourth and forty-fifth
congresses. He died Dec. 18, 1886, in
Charleston, Mo.
HATFIELD, EDWIN FRANCIS, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 9, 1807. in
Elizabethtown, N. J. He was a presby-
terian clergyman of St. Louis, and subse
quently of New Vork city. He was the
author of Universalism As It Is; History
of Elizabeth, New Jersey; St. Helena and
the Cape of Good Hope; and The Poets of
the Church. He died Sept. 22, 1883, in
Summit, N. J.
HATHAWAY, BENJAMIN, poet, was
born Sept. 30, 1822, in Cayuga county, N.
Y. He is a poet who was for many years
a nurseryman and
farmer. He is the
author of Art Life
and Other Poems;
The League of the
Iroquois; and The
Finished Creation,
and Other Poems.
His poems have ap
peared in Poets of
America and other
standard collections.
He is also a constant
contributor to the
periodical press.
HATHAWAY, HORATIO, merchant,
was born May 19, 1831, in New Bedford,
Mass. He is president of the Hathaway
Manufacturing company, a large cotton
mill, employing 100,000 spindles and 1,000
operatives.
HATHAWAY, JOSHUA WARREN,
lawyer, jurist, was born in 1797 in New
Brunswick, Maine. In 1849 he was ap
pointed one of the judges of the district
court for the state; and in 1852 he was
made a justice of the supreme judicial
court of Maine for seven years. He died
in 1862.
HATHAWAY, SAMUEL GILBERT,
soldier, state senator, congressman, was
born July 18, 1780, in Freetown, Mass.
He was, for eight years, a justice of the
peace; in 1814 and 1818 was elected to the
state legislature; and in 1822 to the state
senate. He was a representative from
New York to the twenty-third congress;
and in 1852 was a presidential elector.
He died May 2, 1867, in Solon, N. Y.
HATHAWAY, WARREN, clergyman,
author, was born in 1828, in Ballston Spa,
N. Y. For the past thirty-three years he
has been pastor of the Blooming Grove
congregational church; and is the author
of Questions of Nature and Grace; The
Life of John Ross; and various pam
phlets and articles.
HATHORN, HENRY H., congressman.,
was born Nov. 28, 1813, in Greenfield, N.
Y. He was supervisor for Saratoga four
years; and was elected sheriff of the coun
ty in 1853 and 1862, serving six years. He
was elected to the forty-third congress
from New York; re-elected to the forty-
fourth congress as a republican.
HATHORN, JOHN, state senator, con
gressman. He was a member of the state
senate of New York in 1787; and was a
representative in congress from New
York from 1789 to 1791, and again from
1795 to 1797. He was again elected to the
state senate in 1804; and during the lat
ter year was a presidential elector.
HATHORN, RANSOM E., soldier, man
ufacturer, state senator, was born Nov.
3. 1843, in Londonderry, Vt. He served
for three years in the union army as a
soldier in company G, eleventh Vermont
volunteers, and was wounded in 1865. He
has been aide-de-camp on the staff of
Governor Ormsby. For fifteen years he
has been a justice of the peace; and in
1896 was elected a state senator.
HATHORNE, JOHN, lawyer, state leg
islator, jurist, was born in August, 1641,
in Salem, Mass. He was a representative
in the state assembly in 1683, assistant
or councilor in 1684-1712, excepting dur
ing Sir Edmund Andros's administration;
and was active in the witchcraft prose
cutions. He served in the Indian and
eastern wars as colonel, and was com
mander of the forces in the expedition of
1696. He died May 10, 1717, in Boston.
Mass.
HATTON, FRANK, soldier, journalist,
postmaster-general, was born April 28,
1846, in Cambridge, Ohio. In 1863 he en
listed in ihe union army; and in 1864 was
commissioned a first lieutenant. In 1874
he removed to Burlington, Iowa, and pur
chased a controlling interest in the Bur
lington Hawkeye, and there gained a na
tional reputation as a political writer. He
was appointed postmaster at Burlington;
in 1881 was appointed first assistant post
master-general; and in 1884 postmaster-
general.
HATTON. ROBERT, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1827, in Sum-
ner county, Tenn. He served in the Ten
nessee legislature in 1856; and in 1859-
was elected a representative from Tennes
see to the thirty-sixth congress. He served
in the rebellion of j861, and was killed at
the battle of Fair Oaks, before Richmond,
May 31, 1862.
HAUGEN, NILE P., lawyer, congress
man, was born March 9, 1849, in Nor
way. He was a stenographic court re
porter from 1874 till 1881. in Wisconsin:
was a member of the assembly in 1879 and
1880. He was state railroad commission
er from 1882 till 1887; and was elected to
the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second and fif
ty-third congresses as a republican.
HAUGHEY, THOMAS, surgeon, con
gressman, was born in 1826. in Scotland.
He served as a surgeon in the army of the
United States from 1862 to 1865; and was
subsequently staff surgeon in the mili
tary hospital at Chattanooga. In 1868 he
was elected a representative from Ala
bama to the fortieth congress.
HAUGHTON, WILLIAM, clergyman,
poet, was born May 5, 1829, in Canada.
For thirty-five years he has been a suc
cessful clergyman of Wisconsin, and is
the author of a volume of poems contain
ing three hundred of his choicest pieces.
HAUK. MINNIE, actress, vocalist, was
born Nov. 16, 1852, in New York city. At
the age of eight years she sang solos in
the New York cathedral; and at thirteen
appeared at a charity concert.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
461
HAUN, HENRY P., lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born Jan. 18,
1815, in Scott county, Ky. He was for a
time attorney for his native county. He
moved to Iowa in 1845; and was a member
of the convention which formed the con
stitution of that state in 1846. He moved
to California in 1850. and was there elect
ed a county judge; and in 1859 was elect
ed a senator in congress from California
to fill a vacancy. He died May 6, 1860, in
Marysville, Cal.
HAUPT, HERMAN, civil engineer, au
thor, was born Marco 26, 1817, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is an engineer of dis
tinction who has held many important
posts, and is the inventor of a drilling
engine. He had charge of the military
railroads during the civil war. Since 1875
the chief engineer of the Tide Water
Pipe Line company. He is the author of
Hints on Bridge Building; General Theo
ry of Bridge Construction; Plan for Im
provement of the Ohio River; Military
Bridges; and Street Railway Motors.
HAUPT, LEWIS MUHLENBERG, au
thor, was born March 21, 1844, in Gettys
burg, Pa. He is an engineer of Philadel
phia, and since 1872 has been professor
of civil engineering in the university of
Pennsylvania. He is the author of En
gineering Specifications and Contracts;
Working Drawings and How to Make
Them; The Topographer: his Methods
and Instruments; and Essays on Road
Making.
HAUPT, PAUL, educator, author, was
born Nov. 25, 1858, in Germany. He be
came professor of the Semitic languages
in Johns Hopkins university, Baltimore,
Md., in the latter year. He introduced
the principle of the neo-grammarians
into Semitic philology, and discovered the
Sumerian dialect in 1880. He is the au
thor of several works in German.
HAVELAND, LAURA SMITH, philan
thropist, was born Dec. 20, 1808, in Can
ada. She was instrumental in founding
philanthropic institutes and asylums,
and during the civil war was a minister
of aid and comfort to the suffering in
hospitals and camps.
HAVEMEYER. HENRY, railroad presi
dent, was born June 25, 1838, in New York
city. He was at one time president of the
Long Island railway, and built the iron
pier at Rockaway. He died June 2, 1886,
near Babylon, N. Y.
HAVEN, MRS. ALICE (BRADLEY)
<NEAL), author, was born Sept. 13, 1828,
in Hudson, N. Y. She was a writer of
juvenile tales which were very popular.
Her later years were spent in New York
city, but she formerly lived in Philadel
phia, her first husband being .1. C.
Neal. She is the author of No Such
Word as Fail; Contentment Better than
Wealth; and Patient Waiting No Loss.
She died Aug. 23, 1863, in Mamaroneck,
N. Y.
HAVEN, ERASTUS OTIS, bishop, au
thor, was born Nov. 1, 1820, in Boston,
Mass. He was a methodist bishop, chan
cellor of Syracuse university; and from
1863-69 president of the university of
Michigan. He was the author of Pillars
of Truth; Young Man Advised; Rhetoric;
and American Progress. He died in Au
gust, 1881, in Salem, Ore.
HA V EN, GILBERT, bishop, author, was
born Sept. 19, 1821, in Maiden, Mass. He
was a methodist bishop whose official resi
dence was in Atlanta, and was the author
of National Sermons: The Pilgrim's Wal
let; Our Next-Door Neighbor, or Mexico
of To-Day; Life of Father Taylor, the
Sailor Preacher; and Christus Consolator.
He died Jan. 30, 1880, in Maiden, Mass.
HAVEN, JOHN, state senator, was born
April 12, 1824, in Braddock's Field, Pa.
In 186» he was elected to the Indrana state
senate.
HAVEN, JOSEPH, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 4, 1816, in Dennis. Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman, and
a professor in the Chicago Theological
seminary in 1858-70. He was the author
of Mental Philosophy; Moral Philosophy;
History of Ancient and Modern Philoso
phy; Studies in Philosophy and Theology;
and Systematic Theology. He died May
23, 1874, in Chicago, 111.
HAVEN, NATHANIEL A., congress
man, was born in 1762, in New Hamp
shire. He was a member of congress from
that state from 1809 to 1811. He died in
March, 1831.
HAVEN, NATHANIEL APPLETON,
lawyer, author, was born Jan. 14, 1790, in
Portsmouth, N. H. From 1821 till 1825
he edited the Portsmouth Journal. He
also wrote several poems and contributed
to the North American Review. A volume
of his writings was published, with a me
moir, by George Ticknor. He died June
3, 1826, in Portsmouth, N. H.
HAVEN, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 15, 1727, in Framingham,
Mass. In 1752 he was pastor of the First
Congregational church in Portsmouth, N.
H., which charge he held until 1806.
Among his printed sermons are on the
Death of George II.; on the Restoration
of Peace; The Dutileian Lecture.
HAVEN, SAMUEL FOSTER, archaeol
ogist, author, was born May 28, 1806, in
Dedham, Mass. He was an archaeologist
who was librarian of the American Anti
quarian society at Worcester, and the au
thor of Archaeology of the United States;
and History of the Grants Under the
Great Council for New England. He died
Sept. 5, 1881, in Worcester, Mass.
HAVEN, SOLOMON GEORGE, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 27, 1810, in
Chenango county, N. Y. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1851 to 1857. He died Dec. 24, 1861, in
Buffalo, N. Y.
HAVENS, HARRISON E., journalist,
lawyer, congressman, was born Dec. 15,
1837, in Franklin county, Ohio. He served
for a short time as captain in the army.
He was elected from Missouri to the for
ty-second and forty-third congresses as
a republican.
HAVENS, JAMES, clergyman, was
born Dec. 25, 1763, in Mason county, Ky.
He was one of the founders of methodism
in the northwest, especially in Indiana,
where the last forty years of his life were
spent. He died in November, 1864, in In
diana.
HAVENS, JONATHAN N., congress
man. He was for nine years a member of
the New York assembly from Suffolk
county; and a representative in congress
from 1795 to 1799. He died in 1799.
HAVENS, RUTH G. D., educator, au
thor, poet, was born Jan. 12, 1845, in Mad
ison, Conn. She is a life-long abolition
ist and supporter of the doctrine of the
equality of races and sexes, and in wom
an suffrage. She is the author of several
stories, sketches, and numerous poems.
HAVERMANS. PETER, catholic priest,
was born March 27, 1806, near the city of
Breda. In 1830 he was ordained to the
priesthood; filled various pastorates in
Maryland; and became pastor of St. Ma
ry's church of Troy, N. Y., where he died
July 22, 1897.
HAWES, ALBERT G., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1831 to 1837. He died
April 14, 1849, in Davis county, Ky.
HAWES, AYLETT, physician, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from Virginia from 1811 to 1817.
He died Aug. 31, i833, in Culpeper coun
ty, Va.
HAWES, JESSE, physician, surgeon,
author, was born Aug. 21, 1843, in Corin-
na, Maine. He received his education at
the Corinna academy, the high school of
Belvidere, 111., and the Illinois Soldiers'
college. He was a successful physician and
president of the Colorado board of medi
cal examiners; and trustee of the Colo
rado state normal school. He is the au
thor of a historical work entitled Ca-
hoba.
HAWES, JOEL, clergyman, author, was
born Dec. 22, 1789, in Medway, Mass. He
was a prominent congregational clergy
man of Hartford in 1818-67; and the au
thor of Lectures to Young Men; The Re
ligion of the East; Looking-Glass for La
dies; Washington and Jay; Experimental
and Practical Sermons; Tribute to the
Pilgrims; and Character Everything to
the Young. He died June 5, 1867, in
Gilead, Conn.
HAWES, JOSIAH L., lawyer, jurist, was
born Oct. 12, 1823, in Carlisle, N. Y. Dur
ing 1847-49 he practiced law in Unadilla,
then in Cobleskill till 1852. From that
time he distinguished himself as one of
the foremost lawyers of Kalamazoo, Mich.,
not only as trial counsel in cases in the
circuit court, but also in the state and
federal courts. In 1875 he was elected
circuit judge, and served the state for
many years with distinction in that capa
city.
HAWES, RICHARD, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Feb. 6,
1797, in Caroline county, Va. He was a
member of the Kentucky legislature in
1828, 1829 and 1836, and was a representa
tive in congress from Kentucky from 1837
to 1841. He died May 25, 1877, in Bourbon
county, Ky.
HAWES, WILLIAM POST, lawyer, au
thor, was born Feb. 4, 1803, in New York
city. He was a lawyer of New York city,
and the author of Sporting Scenes and
Sundry Sketches, published, with Memoir,
by H. W. Herbert. He died in 1842.
HAWK, ROBERT M. A., soldier, con
gressman, was born April 23, 1839, in
Hancock county, Ind. He served three
years in the union army during the war
of the rebellion, rising to the rank of
major. He was clerk of the county court
of Carroll county, 111., from 1865 to 1879,
by successive elections, and was elected
a representative from Illinois to the forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses. He
died June 29, 1882.
HAWKES, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Worcester, Mass. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1811 to 1823.
HAWKINS, ALVIN, lawyer, jurist, gov
ernor, was born Dec. 2, 1821, in Bath
county, Ky. He was made judge of the
supreme court of the state of Tennessee
in 1865, and in 1881 was elected governor
of Tennessee, serving until 1883.
HAWKINS, BENJAMIN, soldier, con
gressman, United States senator, author,
was born Aug. 15, 1754, in Warren county,
N. C. During 1781-84 and 1786-87 he was a
delegate in congress, and served during
1789-95 as a United States senator from
North Carolina. He was then appointed
agent for superintending of all the In
dians south of the Ohio, retaining that
office from 1796 until his death. He was
the author of Topography; and Indian
Character. He died June 6, 1816, in Haw-
kinsville, Ga.
462
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HAWKINS, BENJAMIN WATER-
HOUSE, anatomist, author, was born in
1807 in England. He was an English an
atomist who removed to the United States
in 1868, and the author of Popular Com
parative Anatomy; Elements of Form;
Comparative View of the Human and Ani
mal Frame; Artistic Anatomy of the
Horse; Artistic Anatomy of Cattle
and Sheep; Artistic Anatomy of the Dog
and Deer; and Atlas of Comparative Os
teology. He died in 1889.
HAWKINS, CHARLES A., lawyer, leg
islator, was born Jan. 7, 1859, in York
county, Pa. During 1887-92 he was so
licitor of city of York, Pa., and in 1895
was elected a member of the Pennsylvania
house of representatives.
HAWKINS, DEXTER ARNOLD, law
yer, author, was born June 23, 1825, in
Camden, Maine. He was a lawyer of New
York city, an advocate of protection and
similar political measures, and the author
of Traditions of Overlook Mountain; Free
Trade and Protection; and The Roman
Catholic Church in New York City. He
died July 24, 1886, in New York city.
HAWKINS, GEORGE S., congressman,
was born in New York. He was elected
a representative to the thirty-fifth and
thirty-sixth congresses from Florida. He
was also a member of the select commit
tee of thirty-three on the rebellious states;
and was a delegate to the Philadelphia
national union convention of 1866.
HAWKINS, ISAAC R., soldier, con
gressman, was born May 16. 1818, in
Maury county, Tenn. He served as a lieu
tenant in the war with Mexico, and was
present at the capture of Vera Cruz.
From 1862 to 1865 he served as an offi
cer in the union army. In 1865 he was
commissioned chancellor for the sixth div
ision of Tennessee, and in that year was
elected a representative from Tennessee
to the thirty-ninth congress. He was re-
elected to the fortieth and forty-first con
gresses as a republican.
HAWKINS, JOHN HENRY WILLIS,
reformer, was born Oct. 23, 1799, in Balti
more, Md. He lectured with success in
the temperance cause in every state in
the Union except California, also con
tributing constantly to the temperance
press. He died Aug. 26, 1858, in Parkers-
burg, Pa.
HAWKINS, JOHN P., soldier, was born
about 1830. At the beginning of the civil
war he was brigade quartermaster in the
defences of Washington, D. C. For his
services in the war he was successively
given the brevets of lieutenant-colonel,
colonel, brigadier-general, and major-gen
eral In the United States army; and also
major-general of volunteers.
HAWKINS, JOSEPH, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1829 to 1851.
HAWKINS, JOSEPH H., congressman.
He was a member of the Kentucky legis
lature from 1810 to 1813, and speaker of
that body in 1812 and 1813. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state in
1814 and 1815.
HAWKINS, MICAJAH THOMAS, con
gressman, was born in 1790 in Warren
county, N. C. He entered public life in
1819 as a member of the house of com
mons of North Carolina; and was a mem
ber of the state senate from 1823 to 1827.
He was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1831 to 1841, and
served again in the state senate in 1846.
He was also at one time a general of
militia. He died Dec. 22, 1858, in Warren
county, N. C.
HAWKINS, PHILEMON, soldier, states
man, was born Sept. 28, 1717, in Glouces
ter county, Va. He raised the first vol
unteer company in Bute county for the
revolutionary army, and was elected its
colonel in 1776. He was a member of the
convention that ratified the national con
stitution, and was the last surviving sign
er of the state constitution of North Caro
lina. He died in 1801 in Warren county,
N. C.
HAWKINS, PHILEMON, soldier, states
man, was born Dec. 3, 1752, in North Caro
lina. He was a member of the assembly
from Bute county before he was of age,
and represented the counties of Bute and
Granville for thirteen years. In 1776 he
was elected colonel of a regiment, and in
that capacity performed much service.
He was the last surviving signer of the
state constitution of North Carolina. In
1776 he was a member of the convention
which ratified the United States consti
tution. He died Jan. 28, 1833, in Warren
county, N. C.
HAWKINS, RUSH CHRISTOPHER,
soldier, lawyer, author, was born Sept.
14, 1831, in Pomfret, Vt. He is a New
York city lawyer who served as a col
onel in the federal army during the civil
war, and has since been a prominent ad
vocate of political reforms. He has pub
lished The First Books and Printers of the
Fifteenth Century.
HAWKINS, SAMUEL HUGH, lawyer,
financier, was born Jan. 10, 1835, in Jones
county, Ga. He is most noted as the ori
ginator, builder and president of the Sa
vannah, Americus and Montgomery rail
way, which is now known as the Georgia
and Alabama railway.
HAWKINS, WILLIAM, governor, was
born in 1770 in Warren county, N. C.
He was elected a member of the assem
bly in 1805 and was speaker. He took an
active part in the war of 1812, and was
governor of North Carolina from 1811 to
1814. He died May 17, 1819, in Sparta, Ga.
HAWKINS, WILLIAM D. C., lawyer,
was born Sept. 17, 1838, in Tennessee.
He received his education at the college,
of Monticello, Ark., and has attained
prominence as an able lawyer of the In
dian territory, where he has a lucrative
practice in Ryan, and takes a prominent
part in the public affairs of that terri
tory.
HAWKINS, WILLIAM GEORGE, cler
gyman, lecturer, author, was born Oct.
23, 1823, in Baltimore, Md. He attended
the Western university of Middletown,
Conn., and the Theological seminary o'f
Virginia. During 1852-57 he was rector of
the Church of the Messiah, at Glens Falls,
N. Y., where he built a stone church, and
in 1858-59 he was rector of St. John's
church of Pequi, Pa. He has since filled
pastorates in various states of the Union,
and is now a missionary of the episcopal
church in western Nebraska. He has trav
eled extensively in Europe, and lectured
on agriculture in America and in Eng
land. He is the author of the Life of J.
H. Hawkins, his father, a noted temper
ance reformer; Lunsford Lane; and His
tory of the New York Freedmen's Asso
ciation.
HAWKS, MRS. ANNIE SHERWOOD,
poet, hymn-writer, was born May 28, 1835,
in Hoosick, N. Y. She is most widely
known as the author of the well-known
hymn, I Need Thee Every Hour.
HAWKS, CICERO STEPHENS, bishop,
author, was born May 26, 1812, in New
Berne, N. C. In 1844 he was consecrated
Protestant episcopal bishop of Missouri.
He contributed to various journals, edit
ed the Boys' and Girls' Library; and
was the author of Friday Christian. He
died April 19, 1868, in St. Louis, Mo.
HAWKS, FRANCIS LISTER, clergy
man, author, was born June 10, 1798, in
New Berne, N. C. He was a noted epis
copal clergyman, rector of churches in
New York, New Orleans, and Baltimore.
He was the author of History of North
Carolina; Reports of Cases in North Car
olina Supreme Court; History of the Epis
copal Church in Virginia and Maryland;
The Romance of Biography; Cyclopedia
of Biography; Egypt and Its Monuments;
and Documentary History of the Episco
pal Church. He died Sept. 26, 1866, in
New York city.
HAWLEY, BOSTWICK, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 8, 1814, in Onondaga
county, N. Y. He has attained eminence
as a clergyman in the methodist episco
pal church, but has now retired from
active service. He is the author of Man
ual of Methodism; Beauties of Herbert;
Shield of Faith; and various other works.
HAWLEY, CHARLES, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 19, 1819, in Catskill,
N. Y. He was a presbyterian clergyman
of Auburn, N. Y., and the author of Early
Chapters of Cayuga History; Sanitary Re
forms; Memorial Discourses; and Early
Chapters of Seneca History. He died
Nov. 26, 1885, in Auburn, N. Y.
HAWLEY, CHARLES L., lawyer, pro
hibitionist, was born Dec. 8, 1855, in Mon-
trose, Pa. He is a prominent lawyer of
Scranton, Pa., was a candidate for audi
tor-general of Pennsylvania on the pro
hibition ticket in 1886, and in 1894 was
a candidate on the same ticket for gov
ernor of Pennsylvania.
HAWLEY, CYRUS M., lawyer, jurist,
was born in New York. He removed to
Illinois, and was appointed from that
state a justice of the United States court
for the territory of Utah, residing at Salt
Lake City.
HAWLEY, GIDEON, missionary, was
born Nov. 11, 1727, in Bridgeport, Conn.
In 1753 the commissioners of Indian af
fairs sent him to establish a mission in
the Iroquois country, on the Susquehan-
na river. He remained there teaching and
preaching until 1756, when the French
war obliged him to return to civilization.
He died Oct. 3, 1807, in Marshpee, Mass.
HAWLEY, GIDEON, educator, author,
was born Sept. 26, 1785, in Huntington,
Conn. From the organization of the
Smithsonian institution, in 1846, until his
death, he was one of its four regents-at-
large. He printed for private distribu
tion Essays in Truth and Knowledge. He
died July 16, 1870, in Albany, N. Y.
HAWLEY, JAMES A., educator, finan
cier, was born Aug. 20, 1830, in Webster,
N. Y. He has been superintendent of
schools of Lee county, 111., and for twen
ty-one years was clerk of the same coun
ty. He was president of the board of
education of Dixon, 111., and president and
cashier of the Dixon National bank. He
is a thirty-three degree Mason, and an
active member of the supreme council for
the northern jurisdiction of America. He
is now the secretary and treasurer of *he
Dixon Water company.
HAWLEY, JOHN B., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 9, 1831, in
Fairfield county, Conn. In 1852 he settled
at Rock Island, 111., and in 1856 was
elected state's attorney, serving four years.
In 1861 he entered the volunteer army, and
as a captain took an active part in the
battles of Forts Henry and Donelson.
In 1865 he was appointed postmaster of
Rock Island, and in 1868 was elected a
representative from Illinois to the forty-
first congress. He was re-elected to the
two succeeding congresses, and was as
sistant secretary of the treasury in
1877-80.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
463
HAWLEY, JOSEPH, lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 8, 1723, in North
ampton, Mass. From 1764 to 1776 he held
a seat in the Massachusetts legislature.
In 1774 he was chairman of the commit
tee to consider the state of the country,
in the provincial congress, and was a
member of that body in 1775. He died
May 10, 1788, in Northampton, Mass.
HAWLEY, JOSEPH R., soldier, jour
nalist, legislator, was born Oct. 31, 1826,
in Richmond county, N. C. He gradu
ated at Hamilton col
lege, New York, in
1847, and was admit
ted to the bar in
1850 at Hartford,
Conn., where he has
since resided. He
became editor of the
Hartford Evening
Press in 1857, which
was consolidated
with the Hartford
Courant, of which he
is editor. He enlist
ed in the union army as a lieutenant in
1861, and became brigadier and brevet
major-general. He was elected governor
of Connecticut in 1866. He was president
of the United States centennial commis
sion from its organization, in March,
1873, to the completion of the work of the
centennial exhibition. He was elected in
1872 a representative in the forty-second
congress to fill a vacancy; was re-elected
to the forty-third congress, and was elect
ed to the forty-sixth congress. He was
elected to the United States senate as a
republican; took his seat March 4, 1881,
was re-elected in 1887, and was again
elected in 1893.
HAWLEY, R. B., merchant, manufac
turer, congressman, was born in October,
1859, in Memphis, Tenn. He has presided
several times over state conventions, and
attended as a delegate national conven
tions. He was elected as a republican to
the fifty-fifth congress.
HAWLEY, WILLIAM MERRILL, law
yer, jurist, statesman, was born Aug. 23,
1802, in Delaware county, N. Y. He
served in the state senate, was a dele
gate to the democratic national conven
tion of May 22, 1848, which met in Bal
timore, and was identified with the Free-
soil radical delegation, which culminated
in the national convention of 1848, held
in Buffalo. He died Feb. 9, 1869, in Hor-
nellsville, N. Y.
HAWS, J. H. HOBART, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1851 to 1853.
HAWTHORNE, ALICE H., poet, was
born Nov. 8, 1842, in Louisville, Ky.,
which city has always been her home. She
is the author of a volume of poems en
titled Hawthorne Leaves; and has con
tributed poems and prose to current lit
erature.
HAWTHORNE, BENJAMIN JAMES,
educator, college president, was born June
19, 1837, in Lunenberg, Va. He graduated
from the Randolph Macon college with
the degree of A. M., and was a student at
Clark university and at Yale. He was a
professor in the Collegiate institute of
Baton Rouge, La.; has been president of
the West Tennessee college; professor tn
the State Agricultural college of Oregon,
and now fills the chair of mental phil
osophy in the university of Oregon.
HAWTHORNE, JAMES COSSETT, phy
sician, state senator, was born March 12,
1819, in Mercer county, Pa. In 1854 he
was elected state senator from Placer
county, Cal. He died Feb. 15, 1881, in
Portland, Ore.
HAWTHORNE, JULIAN, author, was
born June 22, 1846, in Boston, Mass. He
is the author of Bressant; Garth; Dust;
Idolatry; Fortune's Fool; Beatrix Ran
dolph; Saxon Studies; Archibald Malmai-
son; Sebastian Strome; Noble Blood;
Love, or a Name; Mrs. Gainsborough's
Diamonds; David Poindexter's Disap
pearance, and Other Tales; A Dream and
a Forgetting; Confessions and Criticisms;
Constance; Nathaniel Hawthorne and His
Wife; American Literature; The Trial of
Gideon; Prince Saroni's Wife; and Love
Is a Spirit.
HAWTHORNE, NATHANIEL, novel
ist, was born July 4, 1804, in Salem, Mass.
During 1838-41 he held a position in the
Boston customhouse,
was next a member
of the Brook Farm
association, and aft
er 1843 a resident at
Concord, Mass., from
time to time until
his death, though
within that period
he was surveyor of
the port of Salem,
1846-50, and from
1853 to 1857 consul
at Liverpool. He was
the author of Fanshawe; Twice-Told
Tales; Grandfather's Chair; Mosses from
an Old Manse; Famous Old People; Lib
erty Tree; Biographical Stories for Chil
dren; The Scarlet Letter; True Stories;
The House of the Seven Gables; A Won
der Book; The Snow Image, and Other
Twice-Told Tales; The Blithedale Ro
mance; Tanglewood Tales; The Marble
Faun, known in England as Transforma
tion; Our Old Home; Passages from Am
erican Note-Books; English Note-Books;
French and Italian Note-Books; Septimi-
us Felton; The Dolliver Romance; and Dr.
Grimshawe's Secret. He died May 19,
1864, in Plymouth, N. H.
HAWTHORNE, MRS. SOPHIA (PEA-
BODY), author, was born in 1810 in Sa
lem, Mass. She was the wife of Nathan
iel Hawthorne, and sister of Elizabeth
Peabody. Her only publication was Notes
in England and Italy. She died Feb. 26,
1871, in London, England.
HAXALL, ROBERT WILLIAM, phy
sician, was born Aug. 1, 1802, in Peters
burg, Va. He was on several occasions
president of the Medical society of Vir
ginia, and was one of the founders of the
American Medical association. He died
March 26, 1872, in Richmond, Va.
HAY, ANDREW K., congressman, was
born in Massachusetts. Having become a
resident of New Jersey, he was elected
a representative in congress from 1849 to
1851.
HAY, CHARLES AUGUSTUS, clergy
man, theologian, was born Feb. 11, 1821,
in York, Pa. He was pastor at Hanover
in 1848-49, and at Harrisburg, Pa., in
1849-65. In the latter year he was called
to the Theological seminary as professor
of Hebrew, German, biblical criticism, and
pastoral theology. He translated from
the German, Dr. Schmid's Doctrinal The
ology of the Evangelical Lutheran
Church.
HAY, EUGENE G., lawyer, legislator,
was born March 26, 1853, in Charlestown,
Ind. In 1889 he was elected a member of
the Minnesota state legislature, and in
1890-94 was United States district attorney
of that state.
HAY, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, author.
He was a member of the Virginia legis
lature and was for many years United
States attorney, in which capacity he was
the prosecutor of Aaron Burr. He was
subsequently judge of the United States
court for the eastern district of Virginia.
He wrote a treatise against the Usury
Laws; Life of John Thompson; and a
treatise on Emigration in 1814. He died
Sept. 21, 1830, in Richmond.
HAY, JAMES, lawyer, state senator
congressman, was born Jan. 9, 1856, in
Millwood, Va. He was elected attorney
for the commonwealth in 1883, and re-
elected to that office in 1887, 1891 and
1895. He was elected to the house of
delegates of Virginia in 1885, and was re-
elected in 1887 and 1889. He was elected
to the state senate in 1893. He was elect
ed to the fifty-fifth congress as a demo
crat.
HAY, JOHN, lawyer, statesman, poet,
was born Oct. 8, 1838, in Salem, Ind. In
1861 he became Lincoln's private secre
tary, adjutant, and aide-de-camp during:
the civil war, and attained the rank of
brevetted colonel. For five years he was
an editorial writer on the New York Trib
une, during 1870-75. He is now United
btates minister in London, England He
s the author of A Life of Abraham Lin
coln; Pike County Ballads, and Other
Poems; and Castilian Days, a volume of
travels. Of his dialect poems, Jim Bludso
and Little Breeches are the best known.
HAY, JOHN B., soldier, lawyer con
gressman, was born Jan. 8, 1834, in Belle
ville, III. He was for eight years a dis
trict attorney for the state; served in the
union army during the rebellion, and was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-first congress as a republican.
HAY, MALCOLM, lawyer, was born in
1842 in Pennsylvania. He became presi
dent of the Mercantile Library associa
tion of Pittsburg; was a trustee of the
Dollar Savings bank, and was a member
of the state constitutional convention of
1872. In 1885 he was appointed first as
sistant postmaster-general. He died Oct
2u, 1885.
HAY, WALTER, physician, journalist,
was born June 13, 1830, in Georgetown,
D. C. He organized St. Luke's hospital
in Chicago in 1864, became editor of the
Chicago Medical Journal in 1867, and re
tained this connection until the sale of
the paper in 1875.
HAYDEN, CHARLES S., LL. B., law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 10, 1848, in
Harvard, Mass. Since 1891 he has been
chief justice of the court. In 1889 he was
elected mayor of Fitchburg.
HAYDEN, EDWARD DANIEL, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Dec.
27, 1833, in Cambridge, Mass. In 1862 he
entered the United States navy as assist
ant paymaster. He was a member of the
state house of representatives of Massa
chusetts in 1880, 1881, and 1882. He set
tled at Woburn, Mass., and was elected a
representative from Massachusetts to the
forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses as a
republican.
HAYDEN, FERDINAND VANDER-
VEER, geologist, author, was born Sept.
7, 1829, in Westfield, Mass. He was a
professor of geology in the university of
Pennsylvania, and the author of Origin
and Progress of the Un^ed States Geol
ogical Survey of the Territories; and The
Yellowstone National Park. He died Dec.
22, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HAYDEN, HEZEKIAH SIDNEY, cap
italist, senator, was born Jan. 29, 1816,
in Windsor, Conn. In 1858 he erected a
building for a Young Ladies' institute,
which has been conducted successfully.
He served in both branches of the state
legislature, and in the senate in 1866.
4G4
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MAYDEN, HORACE H., dentist, author,
was born Oct. 13, 1769, in Windsor, Conn.
He was a once noted Baltimore dentist
who published Geological Essays. He
died Jan. 26, 1844, in Baltimore, Md.
HAYDEN, JAMES HENRY, lawyer, was
born Feb. 23, 1867, in New York city. He
received his education at the St. Paul's
school of Concord, N. H.; graduated from
Yale university in 1887; from the Yale
Law school in 1889, and has received the
degrees of Ph. B. and LL. B. He has
been counsel for the William Cramp and
Sons' Ship and Engine Building com
pany, the Bethlehem Iron company, Simp
son Dry-Dock company, and other large
corporations. He is a member of various
societies and associations, and governor of
the Century club of Washington, D. C.
HAYDEN, MOSES, was born in 1786 in
Hampshire county, Mass. He was a mem
ber of the New York state senate in 1829
and 1830, and a representative in congress
from New York, from 1823 to 1827. He
died Feb. 14, 1830.
HAYDEN, WILLIAM BENJAMIN, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1816 in New
York. He was a Swedenborgian clergy
man, and the author of Science and Rev
elation; Phenomena of Modern Spiritual
ism; The Apocalyptic Dispensation; Light
on the Last Things; and Dangers of Mod
ern Spiritualism, which include the great
er portion of his work. He died in 1893.
HAYDN, HIRAM COLLINS, clergyman,
college president, author, was born Dec.
11, 1831, in Pompey, N. Y. During 1887-
90 he was president of Adelbert college.
HAYES, AUGUSTUS ALLEN, was born
Feb. 28, 1806, in Windsor, Vt. He was a
novelist of Brookline, Mass., and the au
thor of New Colorado and the Santa Fe
Trail: The Jesuit's Ring, a Romance; and
The Denver Express. He died June 21,
1882, in Brookline, Mass.
HAYES, CATHERINE, vocalist, was
born in 1825 in Ireland. She has attained
a national prominence as a vocalist, and
Among her best known concert songs are
The Rose of Summer; The Lament of the
Irish Emigrant; and others.
HAYES, CHARLES MELVILLE, rail
road manager, was born May 6, 1856, in
Rock Island, 111. In 1887 he was appoint
ed general manager of the Wabash West
ern railroad, and in 1889 was appointed
general manager of the reorganized and
consolidated lines of the Wabash system
c:ist and west of the Mississippi river.
HAYES, EDWARD R., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 26, 1841, in Wood
county, Ohio. He is a successful lawyer
of Knoxville, Iowa, and was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress to fill a vacancy.
HAYES, ISAAC ISRAEL, explorer, au
thor, was born March 5, 1832, in Chester
county, Pa. He was an arctic explorer
whose first voyage was made with Dr.
Kane. He was the author of The Open
Polar Sea; An Arctic Boat Journey; Cast
Away in the Cold; The Land of Desola
tion; and Pictures of Arctic Travel. He
died Dec. 17, 1881, in New York city.
HAYES, JOHN LORD, lawyer, author,
was born April 13, 1812, in South Berwick,
Maine. In 1861-65 he was chief clerk of
the United States patent office, and in the
latter year he became secretary of the
National association of Wool Manufac
turers, which office he retained till his
death. He was the author of The Iron
Mines of Nova Scotia; Jackson's Vindica
tion as the Discoverer of Anaesthetics;
Tin' Hudson Bay Question; The Protective
Question Abroad and at Home; and Sheep
Industry in the South. He died April 18,
1887, in Cambridge, Mass.
HAYES, JOHN S., educator, librarian,
was born July a, 1841, in Durham, N. H.
He received his early education in the
schools of his native town and at Atkin
son academy, and graduated from Phillips
Exeter academy in 1858. He then taught
school in New Market, Amesbury, North-
wood academy, and for three years was
master of Bowditch school at Peabody.
He then became principal of the Craddock
school, of Medford, and later of the North
Grammar school of Manchester, N. H.
During 1869-73 he taught in Newton, and
for the four succeeding years was the
New England agent for D. Appleton and
Co. He has been president of the Middle
sex County Teachers' association, and
since 1893 has been librarian of the
Somerville public library- He died March
7, 1898, in Somerville, Mass.
HAYES, JOHN WESLEY, inventor,
mathematician, was born April 10, 1836,
in Somersworth, N. H. He is the inventor
of many useful machines, including a ro
tary engine based upon the principle of
the cycloid curve. He has been a mas
ter mechanic in railroad shops, and in the
United States navy yard machine shops.
He is the author of a mathematical work,
and has contributed several valuable arti
cles to mechanical publications.
HAYES, JOSEPH, soldier, was born
Sept. 14, 1835, in South Berwick, Maine.
He was brevetted major-general of volun
teers in 1865. In 1865 he was appointed
United States commissioner of supplies in
the seceded states. In 1877 he introduced
the American system of hydraulic mining
into the United States of Colombia.
HAYES, LUCY WARE WEBB, philan
thropist, was born Aug. 28, 1831, in Chil-
licothe, Ohio. Mrs. Hayes was noted for
her devotion to the wounded soldiers dur
ing the war. She refused to permit wine
to be served on the White House table,
and for this innovation incurred much
censure in some political circles, but re
ceived high praise from the advocates of
total abstinence. She died June 25, 1889,
in Fremont, Ohio.
HAYES, PHILIP CORNELIUS, soldier,
journalist, congressman, was born Feb.
3, 1833, in Granby, Conn. He entered the
union army in 1861 as a private, an'd
served throughout the war, rising to the
rank of colonel, and brevet brigadier-gen
eral. He was elected a representative
from Illinois to the forty-fifth and forty-
sixth congresses as a republican.
HAYES, RICHARD SOMERS, railroad
president, was born Oct. 12, 1846, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. Since 1888 he has been pres
ident of the St. Paul and Duluth railway.
HAYES, RUTHERFORD BIRCHAR1),
nineteenth president of the United States,
was born Oct. 4, 1822, in Delaware, Ohio.
He graduated at
Kenyon college in
1842; studied law at
Harvard university,
and was admitted to
the bar in 1845. In
1852 he married Miss
Lucy W. Webb. He
was defeated for
judge in 1856; in
1859 was elected city
solicitor, to fill a va
cancy, by the Cin
cinnati city council,
and in 1860 was elected by the people for
one year, but defeated in 1861. He was
appointed major of the twenty-third Ohio
infantry June 7, 1861, and continued in
the service, being promoted for distin
guished services, having been wounded
four times, until he attained the rank of
brigadier-general. While in the field, in
1864, he was elected a representative in
congress, and re-elected in 1866. In 1867
he was elected governor of Ohio over
Allen G. Thurman and was inaugurated
Jan. 13, 1868, having resigned his seat in
congress. He was re-elected governor
over George H. Pendleton in 1869. In
1872 he was defeated for congress, and in
1875 was again elected governor of Ohio,
this time defeating Governor William
Allen. The republican national conven
tion met at Cincinnati June 14, 1876, to
nominate candidates for president and
vice-president. June 16 the first ballot
stood: James G. Elaine, 285; Oliver P.
Morton, 124; Benjamin H. Sristow, 113;
Roscoe Conkling, 99; Rutherford B.
Hayes, 61; John F. Hartranft, 58; Mar
shall Jewell. 11, and William A. Wheeler,
3. There was no material change until
the seventh ballot, which gave Hayes 384;
Elaine, 351, and Bristow, 21. Hayes re
ceiving a majority, the vote was made
unanimous. William Almon Wheeler, of
New York, was nominated for vice-presi
dent. At the November election the pop
ular vote stood: For Hayes, 4,033,295; for
Tilden, 4,284,265. Tilden's majority, 250,-
970. The canvassing boards of Florida,
Louisiana and South Carolina having' re
turned the republican presidential elect
ors, their right to do so being questioned
by the democratic house of representa
tives (the senate being republican), co'n-
gress on Jan. 29, 1877, passed a bill creat
ing an electoral commission to count the
electoral vote in all disputed cases. The
commission was composed of five justices
of the supreme court, five senators and
five representatives, as follows: Justices
— Nathan Clifford, Maine; Samuel F. Mil
ler, Iowa; Stephen Johnson Field, Cal
ifornia; William Strong, Pennsylvania;
Joseph P. Bradley, New Jersey. Senators
— George F. Edmunds, Vermont; Oliver P.
Morton, Indiana; Frederick T. Freling-
huysen, New Jersey; Allen G. Thurman,
Ohio; Thomas Francis Bayard, Delaware.
Representatives — Henry B. Payne, Ohio;
Eppa Hunton, Virginia; Josiah G. Abbott,
Massachusetts; George F. Hoar, Massa
chusetts; James Abram Garfleld, Ohio.
The commission decided by a vote of 8 to
7 that the republican electoral vote of
Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina
should be counted for Hayes and Wheeler,
which gave them 185 and Tilden and
Hendricks 184 electoral votes. The result
was reported to congress, and at four
o'clock on the morning of March 2, 1877,
Hayes was declared elected president. He
at once resigned the office of governor of
Ohio and proceeded to Washington and
took the oath of office Saturday night.
March 3. He was inaugurated on Mon
day, March 5, and again took the oath of
office. At the close of his term, March
4, 1881, he retired to his home at Fre
mont, Ohio, where he died Jan. 17, 1833.
Hayes held office about fourteen years,
and was the wealthiest of all the presi
dents.
HAYES, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state, from
1841 to 1843.
HAYES, WALTER I., lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born Dec. 9, 1841,
in Marshall, Mich. He was district
judge of the seventh judicial district of
Iowa, and was twice the candidate of the
democratic party for judge of the supreme
court of the state. He was elected to the
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses, and re-
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
KRRINQ8HAW8 KNCYCI.C H'KIM A OK AMKKH'AN IJIOCJKAl'
4 (if)
HAYES, WILLIAM JAMES, manufac
turer, was born Oct. 11, 1837, in New Lis
bon, Ohio. His wire mills have continued
to grow until they
have become the
.ugMMp. largest in the coun-
^ , try, employing 7,500
— '•" men. their annual
output aggregating
60,000 tons. In 1886
; the banking firm was
'• succeeded by W. J.
Hayes and Sons,
who assumed all the
deposits, assets and
liabilities and pur
chased the good will
of the business. The bank is now a ris
ing institution, transacts general banking
in all its forms, and stands high in tht
estimation of business men.
HAYGOOD, ATTICUS GREEN, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 19, 1839, in
Watkinsville, Ga. He was a methodist
clergyman of much prominence in the
south; and the author of The Monk and
the Prince, a Critical Study of Savon
arola and Lorenzo de' Medici; Our Keep-
Sake; Our Children; Our Brother in
Black; Speeches and Sermons; Jack-
knife and Brambles, a discussion of the
authorship and meaning of the books of
the Bible; Pleas for Progress: and The
Man of Galilee. He died in 1896.
HAYGOOD, JOHNSON, governor. He
was governor of South Carolina from 1880
to 1882.
HAYMAN. JEROME T.. farmer, mer
chant, legislator, was born Feb. 4. 1853, in
Worcester county, Md. In 1892 he was
elected a member of the state legisla
ture of Maryland, and served two terms.
HAYMAN. SAMUEL BRINKLE, sol
dier, was born June 5, 1820, in Chester
county, Pa. In 1865 he was brevetted
brigadier-general of volunteers for gal
lantry at Fair Oaks.
HAYMOND, THOMAS S., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1849 to 1851.
HAYMOND, W. S.. soldier, physician,
railroad president, congressman, was born
Feb. 20, 1823, in Harrison county, Va.
In 1861 he entered the army as a surgeon,
where he remained until 1863. He was
elected president of the Indianapolis.
Delphi and Chicago Railroad company in
1872, 1873 and 1874. In 1874 he was elect
ed a representative from Indiana to the
forty-fourth congress.
HAYNE, ARTHUR PERONNEAU, sol
dier, lawyer, United States senator, was
born March 12, 1790, in Charleston, S. C.
During the Florida war he was called into
the field, and had command of the Ten
nessee volunteers, and after receiving
three brevets, retired from the army in
1820. Subsequently he served in the leg
islature of South Carolina, and was chosen
a presidential elector in 1828, voting for
Jackson. He was appointed to a seat in
the United States senate from South Caro
lina in 1858 to fill a vacancy. He died
Jan. 7, 1867, in Charleston, S. C.
HAYNE, ISAAC, soldier, state senator,
was born Sept. 24, 1745, in South Caro
lina. Early in the war he entered the
service and became a captain of artillery,
and later was placed in command of a
regiment of militia. He was elected a
member of the state senate. He died Aug.
4. 1781, in Charleston. S. C.
HAYNE, PAUL HAMILTON, soldier,
author, poet, was born Jan. 1, 1830, in
Charleston, S. C. He was a lyric poet
whose verse has much melody. He served
as a colonel in the confederate army, and
30
at the close of the civil war, broken in
health and fortunes, retired to the small
village of Grovetown, Ga., where the rest
of his life was passed. He was the author
of Avolio; The Mountain of the Lovers;
Legends and Lyrics; Sonnets and Other
Poems; and Lives of Robert Hayne and
Hugh Legare. A complete edition of his
poems appeared in 1883. He died July 6.
1886, near Augusta, Ga.
HAYNE. ROBERT YOUNG, soldier,
lawyer, railroad president, governor.
United States senator, was born Nov. 10.
1791, in St. Paul's
parish. S. C. In the
war of 1812 he held
the commission of
lieutenant. In 1814
he was elected to
the state legislature,
and in 1818 speaker,
and was also attor
ney-general of the
state. He was elect
ed to the United
States senate in 1823.
and continued there
until 1832. He was elected governor of
the state, serving until 1834. He was sub
sequently mayor of Charleston; and
president of the Charleston, Louisville and
Cincinnati Railroad company. He died
Sept. 24, 1839. in Asheville. N. C.
HAYNE, WILLIAM HAMILTON, poet,
was born March 11, 1856, in Charleston, S.
C. His first poem of special value ap
peared in the Youth's Companion in 1881.
and his poems have since been collected
under the title of Sylvan Lyrics.
HAYNES. CHARLES E.. congressman,
was born in Brunswick. V'a. He was a
representative in congress from Georgia
from 1825 to 1829, and again from 1835 to
1839.
HAYNES, EMORY JUDSON, clergy
man, author, was born in 1846 in Ver
mont. He is a methodist clergyman of
Boston and elsewhere; and the author of
Are These Things So?; Fairest of Three,
a Tale of American Life; Dollars and
Duties; and A Farmhouse Cobweb, a
Vermont novel.
HAYNES, HENRY WILLIAMSON, edu
cator, archaeologist, author, was born
Sept. 20. 1831. in Bangor, Maine. The
winter of 1877-78 he spent in Egypt, seek
ing for evidences of the palaeolithic age
in that country. The results of his inves
tigations were presented at the interna
tional congress of anthropological sci
ences that was held in Paris in 1878,
where he was rewarded with a medal and
a diploma.
HAYNES. JACOB M., lawyer, jurist,
banker, was born April 12, 1817, in Mon-
son. Mass. He received the rudiments of
his education in the
academy of his na-
,ea- „ live city; and grad-
ir- \ uated from the Phil
lips academy of Mas
sachusetts. In 1843
he moved to Indiana,
and the following
year was admitted to
the bar of that state.
During 1856-71 he
was judge of the
court of common
pleas; during 1871-
77 was judge of the circuit court of Indi
ana; and since 1874 has been president
of the People's bank of Portland, Ind. He
is one of the foremost lawyers of his
adopted state; and has always been prom
inently identified with its financial and
public affairs.
HAYNES, JOHN, governor, statesman,
was born in England. In 1635 he became
governor of Massachusetts. In 1637 he
was prominent among the founders of
Connecticut; was chosen its first gov
ernor in 1639, and every alternate year
afterward until his death. He died March
I, 1654.
HAYNES, JOHN CUMMINGS, publish
er, was born Sept. 9, 1829, in Boston,
Mass. He is president of The Music Pub
lishers' association of the United States.
HAYNKS, MARTIN A., soldier, jour
nalist, congressman, was born July 30,
1845, in Springfield, N. H. He served
three years in the union army during the
civil war. He was a representative in
the state legislature in 1872 and 1873. He
was elected a representative from New
Hampshire to the forty-eighth and forty-
ninth congresses as a republican.
HAYNES, TILLEY, business man, state
senator, was born Feb. 13, 1828, in Sud-
bury, Mass. He served in the first city
government of Springfield; was a mem
ber of the lower branch of legislature
from 1867-70; state senator from 1875-78;
and from 1878-79 a member of the execu
tive council of Govs. Rice and Talbot.
HAYNES, WILLIAM E., soldier, mer
chant, banker, congressman, was born
Oct. 19, 1829, in Hoosac Falls, N. Y. He
was elected auditor of Sandusky county.
Ohio, and served two terms. He was ap
pointed collector of internal revenue for
the ninth district of Ohio in 1866, which
position he held until 1867. He was
elected to the fifty-first and fifty-second
congresses as a democrat.
HAYNIE, ISHAM NICOLAS, soldier,
jurist, was born Nov. 18, 1824, in Dover.
Tenn. In 1856 he was appointed judge of
the court of common pleas at Cairo, 111.
In 1862 he received the appointment of
brigadier-general of volunteers. He re
sumed his profession in 1864, and subse
quently became adjutant-general of Illi
nois. He died in 1868 in Springfield, 111.
HAYS, ALEXANDER, soldier, manu
facturer, was born July 8, 1819, in Frank
lin, Pa. As second lieutenant of the
eighth infantry, he
^^^^^ entered on the Mexi-
^Pi ^. can campaign, and
Jfc won special distinc-
|ft tion in the engage-
^BaM^^. ment near Atlixco.
•h. 1 j He settled in Venan-
f go county. Pa. .where
|houftfl he engaged in the
manufacture of iron
in 1848-50; was as-
I sistant engineer on
MMJUHMIJH railroads in 1850-54.
and subsequently
served in the civil war. He was killed
May 5, 1864, in the battle of the Wilder
ness.
HAYS, ASA B., soldier, lawyer, jurist,
was born May 17. 1842, in Blount county.
Ala. During the war he served in the
union army as sergeant-major in the sec
ond regiment Tennessee mounted in
fantry; and afterward as scout and guide
for the union army. For a quarter of a
century he served faithfully as judge of
the probate court at Cullman, Ala.
HAYS, CHARLES, agriculturist, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 2.
1834, in Green county, Ala. He was elect
ed to the state senate of Alabama in 1868.
and while a member was elected to the
forty-first congress, and was re-elected to
the three succeeding congresses.
HAY'S, GEORGE PEIRCE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1838 in Pennsylvania.
He is a presbyterian clergyman of Kansas
City; and the author of Everyday Rea
soning; The Honest Book; May Women
Speak?; and Presbyterians.
HKKR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HAYS, ISAAC, physician, journalist,
author, was born July 5, 1796, in Philadel
phia, Pa. In 1843 he established The
Medical News of Philadelphia, Pa.; and
in 1874 The Monthly Abstract of Medical
Science; both of which journals are still
published in that city. He published vari
ous medical works. He died April 13,
1879, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HAYS, JAMES B., lawyer, jurist, was
born Sept. 10, 1840, in Crawforfa county,
Pa. He was district attorney for Dodge
county for eight years; and was an un
successful candidate for secretary of state
of Wisconsin in 1877. In 1885 he was ap
pointed chief justice of the supreme court
of the territory of Idaho.
HAYS, L. SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845.
HAYS, LUKE C., lawyer, public official,
was born May 19, 1861, in Hardin county,
Ky. During 1878-86 he was deputy coun
ty clerk of his county. He then moved
to South Dakota; was chief clerk of
Crow Creek Indian agency until 1890; and
subsequently served two terms as state's
attorney of Lyman county, S. D. In 1893
he was appointed Indian agent; and has
filled various other public offices of trust.
HAYS, WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, au
thor, poet, was born July 19, 1837, in Ken
tucky. He is a popular ballad and song
composer of Louisville. Mollie Darling is
one of his best-known songs. He has
published a volume of Poems and Songs.
HAYWARD, EDWARD FARWELL,
clergyman, author, was born in 1851 in
Massachusetts. He is a Unitarian clergy
man, for some years pastor of a church
in Boston; and the author of Willoughby;
Patrice; and Ecce Spiritus.
HAYWARD, GEORGE, author, was
born in 1781 in Massachusetts. He was a
Boston writer who published View of
the United States; Religious Creeds of
the United States; and Book of Religions,
and several gazetteers. He died in 1862.
HAYWARD, GEORGE, physician, au
thor, was born March 9, 1791, in Boston,
Mass. He was a Boston physician of note;
and the author of Outlines of Physiology;
and Surgical Records. He died Oct. 7,
1863, in Boston, Mass.
HAYWARD, JAMES, educator, civil en
gineer, author, was born June 12, 1786, in
Concord, Mass. He was professionally re
tained by the Boston and Maine railroad,
projecting and having entire charge of
the construction of this road, including
the building of the bridge at Haverhill,
and ultimately being made president of
the corporation. He published Elements
of Geometry upon the Inductive Method.
He died July 27, 1866, in Boston, Mass.
HAYWARD, JOHN, author, was born
in January, 1781, in Boston, Mass. He is
the author of View of the United States;
Religious Creeds of the United States and
of the British Provinces; New England
Gazetteer; Book of Religions; Gazetteer
of the United States; and Gazetteer of
Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Ver
mont. He died Oct. 13, 1862, in Boston,
Mass.
HAYWOOD, BENJAMIN J., financier,
was born April 12, 1849, in Mercer county,
Pa. He received the rudiments of his ed
ucation in the public schools, and subse
quently graduated from the Business col
lege of Pittsburg, Pa. He has filled nu
merous public positions of trust in his
native county and state; was receiver
of the First National bank of Clearfleld,
Pa.; and is now state treasurer of Penn
sylvania.
HAYWOOD, BENJAMIN SHERWOOD,
educator, clergyman, was born Sept. 15,
1863, near Romney, Ind. He graduated
from Cornell college of Mt. Vernon, Iowa;
and from the Purdue university of La
fayette, Ind. He was a successful edu
cator in Indiana and Nebraska; and since
1889 has been clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church. During 1894-97 he was
president of the West Nebraska confer
ence of the Epworth league; and since
1896 has filled a pastorate in Holdrege,
Neb.
HAYWOOD, EDMUND BURKE, phy
sician, surgeon, was born June 13, 1825,
in Raleigh, N. C. He was president of
the Medical association of North Carolina
in 1868, and from 1871 till 1877, of the
state insane asylum. He was a delegate
to the international medical congress in
Philadelphia in 1876.
HAYWOOD, JOHN, colonist, was born
in 1684, in West Indies. He represented
Edgecombe county, N. C., in the colonial
assembly; and was also a colonel in the
militia forces of the county. He died in
1758 in North Carolina.
HAYWOOD, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born in 1753 in Halifax county,
N. C. He was a jurist of Tennessee; and
the author of Manual of Laws of North
Carolina; Haywood's Justice; Tennessee
Reports; History of Tennessee; and
Statute Laws of Tennessee (with R. L.
Cutts). He died in December, 1826, in
Nashville, Tenn.
HAYWOOD, WILLIAM HENRY, JR.,
state legislator, United States senator, was
born in 1801 in Wake county, N. C. He
was a member of the house of commons in
1834, continuing there three years; in 1836
was speaker of the house; and was a sen
ator in congress from 1843 to 1846. He
died Oct. 6, 1852, in Raleigh, N. C.
HAZARD, CAROLii\ii, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1856 in Rhode Island.
She is the author of Narragansett Ballads;
Thomas Hazard, a Study of Life in Narra
gansett in the Eighteenth Century; and
Memoirs of J. L. Diman. She has edited,
with introductions, the works of R. G.
Hazard.
HAZARD, EBENEZER, postmaster-
general, author, was born Jan. 15, 1744, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia
writer who was postmaster-general in
1782-89; and the author of Historical Col
lections, the beginnings of a United States
history; and Remarks on a Report Con
cerning the Western Indians. He died
June 13, 1817, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HAZARD, JONATHAN J., congressman,
was born in 1728 in Rhode Island. He
was a delegate from Rhode Island to the
continental congress in 1787 and 1788. He
died in 1812 in New York.
HAZARD, NATHANIEL, congressman,
was born in Newport, R. I. He was elect
ed a representative in congress from that
state from 1819 to 1821. He died Dec. 18,
1820, in Washington, D. C.
HAZARD, ROWLAND GIBSON, manu
facturer, author, was born Aug. 9, 1801,
in South Kensington, R. I. He was a
woolen manufacturer of Peace Dale, R. I.;
and the author of Essays on Finance;
Resources of the United States; Essay on
Language, and Other Essays and Ad
dresses; Freedom of Mind in Willing;
Causation and Freedom in Willing; and
Man a Creative First Cause. He died
June 24, 1888, in Peace Dale, R. I.
HAZARD, SAMUEL, archseologist, au
thor, was born May 26, 1784, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was an archaeologist of
Philadelphia; and the author of Annals
of Pennsylvania, 1609-82; Register of
Pennsylvania. 1828-36; Pennsylvania Ar
chives, 1682-1790; and United States Com
mercial and Statistical Register. He died
May 22, 1870, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HAZARD, SAMUEL, soldier, author,
was born in 1834 in Pennsylvania. He
was an officer in the United States army;
and the author of Santo Domingo Past
and Present; and Cuba with Pen and
Pencil. He died in 1876.
HAZARD, THOMAS ROBINSON, manu
facturer, author, was born in 1784 in
South Kensington, R. I. He was an
ardent spiritualist, and wrote much in
defence of his beliefs. He was the author
of Facts for the Laboring Man; The Or
deal of Life; Capital Punishment; Medi
ums and Mediumship; and Recollections
of Olden Time. He died in March, 1876,
in New York.
HAZARD, WILLIS POPE, bookseller,
author, was born in 1825 in Alabama.
He is a retired bookseller of Westchester,
Pa.; and the author of The Art of Pleas
ing, a work on etiquette; The Jersey, Al-
derney, and Guernsey Cow; Butter and
Buttermaking; and Annals of Philadel
phia, a continuation of Watson's Annals.
HAZELIUS, ERNEST LEWIS, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Sept.
6, 1777, in Prussia. He was a Lutheran
clergyman who was professor in a South
Carolina theological seminary. He was
the author of Life of Luther; Church His
tory; and History of the Lutheran Church
in America. He died Feb. 20, 1853, in
South Carolina.
HAZELRIGG, MRS. CLARA H., edu
cator, author, poet, was born Nov. 23,
1861, in Council Grove, Kan. She is a suc
cessful educator, and principal of the city
schools of El Dorado, Kan. She has been
editor of several prominent periodicals in
various states, and has published one vol
ume of poems.
HAZELTINE, ABNER, congressman.
He was a member of the New York as
sembly in 1829 and 1830; and was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1833 to 1837.
HAZELTINE, IRA S., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 13, 1821, in
Andover, Vt. He was commissioned a
colonel of state troops in 1852. He was
elected a representative in the state legis
lature in 1867. In 1870 he removed to
Missouri and engaged in agricultural pur
suits; and was elected a representative
from Missouri to the forty-seventh con
gress.
HAZELTINE, MAYO WILLIAMSON,
journalist, author, was born in 1841 in
Massachusetts. He is a New York jour
nalist, and since 1878 the literary editor of
the New York Sun. He is the author of
Chats About Books; British and Ameri
can Education; and The American Wom
an in Europe.
HAZELTON, GEORGE C., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 3,
1833, in Chester, N. H. He was elected
district attorney in 1864 and re-elected in
1866. He was elected state senator in
1867, and re-elected in 1869. He was elect
ed a representative from Wisconsin to the
forty-fifth, forty-sixth and forty-seventh
congresses as a republican.
HAZELTON, GERRY W., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 24,
1829, in Chester, N. H. He was elected
to the Wisconsin state senate in 1860,
and twice chosen president pro tern. He
was elected district attorney in Columbia
county; was appointed collector of in
ternal revenue in 1866, and removed; and
was appointed United States attorney for
the district of Wisconsin in 1869. He was
elected to the forty-second and forty-
third congresses.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
467
HAZELTON, JOHN W., farmer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 10, 1819, in
Mullica Hill, N. J. He was elected a rep
resentative from New Jersey to the forty-
second and forty-third congresses as a
^HAZSJLWOOD, JOHN, naval officer, was
born about 1726 in England. In 1772 he
was one of the founders of the St. George
society of Philadelphia, Pa. The con
tinental vessels in the Delaware river
were put under his command. He at
tained the rank of commodore in the
Pennsylvania navy. The artist and pa
triot, Charles Wilson Peale, thought
Hazelwood worthy for his collection of
American heroes, and the picture of him
painted by Peale was afterward pur
chased by the city of Philadelphia and
placed in Independence hall. He died
March 1, 1800, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HAZEN, HENRY ALLEN, clergyman,
author was born Dec. 27, 1832, in Hart
ford Vt. He attended the Kimball Union
academy, Dartmouth
college, and Andover
Theological s e m 1-
nary. He is a suc
cessful congrega-
t i o n a 1 clergyman,
and has filled pas
torates in Plymouth,
Lyme, Mansfield and
Bellerica, Mass.; and
is now located in
Auburndale, Mass.
Since 1883 he has
been secretary of the
national council of the congregational
churches, and editor of its Year Book,
has also been secretary of the General
association of Massachusetts since
and of the international congregational
council in London in 1891. He is the au
thor of a History of Bellerica, with gene-
HlHAZEN, LUCIUS DOWNER, manufac
turer, banker, state senator, was born Jan.
19 1834, in Hartford, Vt. During 1
88 he served as a member of
Vermont house of representatives;
was elected to the state senate i:
The same year he was appointed directc
of the state prison and house of corn
tion, and in 1896 received the reappoint-
ment for six years. He is president of the
Merchants' National bank of St. Johns
bury.
HAZEN, MOSES, soldier, was born in
1733 in Haverhill, Mass. He was in t
service during the entire war, being made
brigadier-general on June 29, 1781.
died Jan. 30, 1802, in Troy, N. Y.
HAZEN, WILLIAM BABCOCK, soldier,
author, was born Sept. 27, 1830, in West
Hartford, Vt. He was a general in the
federal army during the civil war, and
from 1880 chief officer of the signal ser
vice He was the author of The School
and 'the Army in Germany and France;
Barren Lands in the Interior of the United
States- and A Narrative of Military Ser
vice. He died Jan. 16, 1887, in Washing
ton, D. C.
HAZLETT, ALBERT LESTER, clergy
man was born July 1, 1864, in Hazlet,
N J He has attained eminence as a si
cessful clergyman; and has filled pas
torates in Farmington, Ohio; Magnolia,
N J • and is now pastor of the methodis
episcopal church of McCracken, Kan. He
has filled various positions of honor in
the gift of his church.
HAZZARD, DAVID, governor. He was
governor of Delaware from 1830 to 1833.
HEAD, FRANKLIN H., author, was
born in 1835 in New York. He is a Chi
cago writer who has published Shakes
peare's Insomnia and the Causes Thereof,
an ingenious burlesque.
HEAD H. C., merchant, public official,
legislator, was born in 1849 in Hooksett,
N H He graduated from the Manchester
high school, and in
1878 moved to Min-
fnesota. He engaged
in general merchan
dise, milling and the
lumbering business
in Princeton, Minn.,
retiring from active
business in 1894. For
nine years succes
sively he was court
commissioner for his
district; was city
clerk for an equal
period; and for four years was postmaster
at Princeton. In 1896 he was elected a
representative to the Minnesota state leg
islature, and took an active part on sev
eral important committees.
HEAD, JAMES BUTLER, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Dec. 16, 1846, in Clinton,
Ala. He has served as judge of the tenth
judicial circuit of Alabama, and as asso
ciate justice of the supreme court of that
state.
HEAD, NATT, manufacturer, state sen
ator, governor, was born May 20, 1828, in
Hooksett, N. H. He was a representative
in the state legislature in 1861 and 1862.
He was adjutant-general, inspector-gen
eral, and quartermaster-general of the
state from 1863 to 1870, rendering most
efficient service. He was defeated for
the state senate in 1875; was state sen
ator in 1876 and 1877; and was president
of the senate in the latter year. He was
governor of New Hampshire from 1878 to
1880. He died Nov. 12, 1883, in Hooksett,
N. H.
HEADE, MARTIN JOHNSON, artist,
was born in Bucks county, Pa, He has
painted many western and tropical scenes,
also views on the Hudson and the Massa
chusetts coast, which are characterized by
rich effects of color and light, and by
poetic sentiment.
HEADLEY, JOEL TYLER, author, was
born Dec. 30, 1813, in Walton, NY. He
was an historical writer of Newburg, N
Y He was the author of Napoleon and
His Marshals; The Old Guard of Napol
eon- Life of Oliver Cromwell; The Great
Rebellion; Sacred Scenes and Characters;
Washington and His Generals; Life of
Washington; Grant and Sherman- Life
of General Grant; Life of Havelock,
Achievements of Stanley and Other Ex
plorers; The Adirondacks, or Life in the
Woods; Farragut and Our Naval Com
manders; Chaplains o£ the Revolution;
Sacred Heroes and Martyrs; Letters from
Italy and the Alps; and The Second War
with England. He died in 1897.
HEADLEY, PHINEAS CAMP, clergy
man, author, was born June 24, 1819, n
Walton, N. Y. He is a congregational
dtergyman; and the author of Women of
the BiMe; The Island of Fire; Young
Folks' Heroes of the Rebellion; Lives of
Josephine, Lafayette, Napoleon, Mary
Queen of Scots; Half-Hours in Bible
Lands; and Evangelists in the Church.
HEALD, CHARLES MERCER, railroad
president, was born July 5, 1849 in Balti
more, Md. In 1889 he was elected presi
dent of the New York, Susquehanna and
Western Railroad company.
HEALION, MICHAEL C., railroad pres
ident, was born Jan. 30, 1856, in Ireland
Since May 1895, he has been president of
the Mason City and Fort Dodge railroad.
HEALY, GEORGE PETER ALEXAN
DER artist, was born July 15, 1813, in
Boston Mass. At the Paris International
exhibition in 1855 he exhibited a series
of thirteen portraits and a large picture
representing Franklin urging the claims
of the American colonies before Louis
XVI.
HEALY, JAMES AUGUSTINE, Roman
catholic bishop, was born in 1830 near
Macon, Ga. He was consecrated bishop of
Portland in 1875. He founded various
convents.
HEALY, JOHN PLUMMER, lawyer,
legislator, was born Dec. 28, 1810, in
Washington, N. H. In 1840 he was elected
to the lower house of the Massachusetts
legislature, serving several terms, and in
1854 he entered the state senate. From
1856 till the close of his life he was solicit
or of the city of Boston. He died Jan. 4,
1882, in Boston, Mass.
HEALY, JOSEPH, congressman, was
born in 1776 in Cheshire, N. H. He was
a representative in congress from New
Hampshire from 1825 to 1829; and was
also a state counselor from 1829 to
1832, and state senator in 1824. He died
Oct. 10, 1861, in Washington, N. H.
HEALY, MARY, author. She is the au
thor of Lakeville; Storm Driven; and
other novels.
HEAP, DAVID PORTER, civil engineer,
author, was born March 24, 1843, in Tur
key. He is a major of engineers in gov
ernment service; and the author of His
tory of Application of Electr.ic Light to
the Courts of France; Ancient and Mod
ern Lights; and Electrical Appliances of
the Present Day.
HEAP, GWYNN HARRIS, diplomat, au
thor, was born March 23, 1817, in Chester,
Pa. He was a diplomatist who was con
sul-general at Constantinople from 1878.
He published Central Route to the Pacific.
He died March 6, 1887, in Constantinople,
Turkey.
HEARD, FRANKLIN FISKE, lawyer,
author, was born Jan. 17, 1825, in Way-
land, Mass. He was a Boston lawyer who
was a high authority on pleading; and
the author of Criminal Law; Criminal
Pleading; Civil Pleading; Shakespeare
as a Lawyer; Libel and Slander; Lead
ing Cases in Criminal Law (with E. H.
Bennett) ; Curiosities of the Law Re
porters; Oddities of the Law; Prece
dents of Equity Pleadings; and Prece
dents of Pleading in Special Actions.
HEARD, JOHN T., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Oct. 29, 1840,
in Georgetown, Mo. He was elected to the
state legislature of Missouri in 1872; and
in 1861 was elected, without opposition,
a state senator, and served four years. He
was elected a representative from Mis
souri to the forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first,
fifty-second and fifty-third congresses as a
democrat.
HEARD, JOSEPHINE HENDERSON,
author, poet, was born Oct. 11, 1861, in
Charlotte, N. C. She has written ex
tensively for the periodical press; has
published a volume of poems; and is the
secretary of the National Press associa
tion. Mrs. Heard is the wife of the Rev.
William Henry Heard, United States min
ister to Liberia, Africa.
HEARD, STEPHEN, jurist, governor,
was born in Ireland. In 1871 he was
elected governor of Georgia; and in 1872
was chief justice of the inferior court and
a trustee of the academy in Washington.
He died Nov. 15, 1875, in Wilkes county,
Ga.
HEARD, THOMAS JEFFERSON, phy
sician, author, was born May 14, 1814, in
Morgan county, Ga. He exerted his influ
ence to modify the treatment of malarial
fevers in the southwest, and introduced
into Texas the treatment by quinine, op
iates, ammonia, and salts, in the place of
bleeding, purgatives, and mercury.
4<>8
IIKKKI.N<;SIIA\VS |.:XCYCI.()I'K1>IA OK AMKHICAN B1OGRA1MIV.
HEARD, WILLIAM HENRY, educator.
<-lergyman, was born June 24. 1849, in El-
l>erton. Ga. He has attained success as
an educator and clergyman. He received
his education at the South Carolina uni
versity and at the Georgia university.
He is now serving as United States minis
ter resident and consul-general to Mon-
ravia. Liberia. Africa.
HEARN. LAFCADIO, author, was born
June 27, 1850. in the Ionian islands. He
is a writer of Irish and Greek parentage
long a resident of New Orleans, later of
New York city, and more recently of
japan. He in the author of Stray Leaves
from Strange Literature; Some Chinese
Ghosts; Chita; Two Years in the French
West Indies; Youma. the Story of a
West Indian Slave; Glimpses of Unfa
miliar Japan; Out of the East; Reveries
and Studies in New Japan; Kokoro; and
Hints and Echoes of Japanese Inner Life.
HEARST GEORGE F., United States
senator, was born Sept. 3. 1820. in Mis
souri. He discovered the value of black-
stone ore from assays; invested his capi
tal in the Ophir mine, and in five years
was a millionaire. He founded the San
Francisco Daily Examiner, one of the
best-known papers in the United States.
He was elected United States senator in
1887. He died March 1. 1891, in San Fran
cisco. Cal.
HEATH, MRS. CLARA B., poet, was
born in Manchester. N. H. She is the au
thor of a volume of poems entitled Water
Lilies and Other Poems; and also a
brochure entitled Patrick Henry's Ride.
HEATH, JAMES E., public official, was
born in Virginia. In 1850 he was ap
pointed commissioner of pensions, hold
ing the office until 1853.
HEATH, JAMES P.. soldier, congress
man, was born Dec. 21, 1777, in Delaware.
He was register in chancery at Annapolis
at the commencement of the war of 1812;
and served through the whole war as aid-
de-camp to General Winder. He was a
representative in congress from Maryland
from 1833 to 1835. He died June 12, 1854,
in Georgetown, D. C.
HEATH, JOHN, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1793 to 1797.
HEATH. LYMAN, musician, composer,
was born Aug. 24, 1804. in Bow, N. H.
He was a teacher of music and the author
of a number of songs that attained a wide
popularity. He died June 30. 1870, in
Nashua. N. H.
HEATH, SIDNEY MOOR, lawyer, legis
lator, was born Aug. 27, 1859, in Water-
ville, Maine. He subsequently went west,
and in 1897 became a member of the
Washington state legislature from the
twenty-eighth district.
HEATH, UPTON S., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Maryland. He was for many
years United States judge of the district
of Maryland.
HEATH. WILLIAM, soldier, statesman,
was born March 7, 1737, in Roxbury, Mass.
He was a representative in the Massachu
setts legislature in 1761 and 1771-74. He
was a member of the committee of safety;
and a delegate to the provincial congress in
1774-75. He rendered great service in
i lie revolutionary war, and attained the
rank of major-general in the army. He
was ;i state senator in 1791-92; and judge
of probate in 1793. He published a vol
ume of Memoirs. He died Jan. 24, 1814,
in Roxbury, Mass.
HEATHCOTE, CALEB, merchant. was
born March 6, 1665, in England. He was
the organizer of the borough town of
Wrstehester. and its first mayor. Ho was
the first judge of the county of West-
chester, and colonel of its militia.
HEATON, DAVID, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born March 10,
1823. in Butler county, Ohio. He was
elected to the Ohio senate. In 1857 he re
moved to Minnesota; was elected to the
senate of that state and was twice re-
elected. In 1863 he removed to New Berne.
N. C., where he held a position under the
treasury department. In 1868 he was
elected a representative from North Caro
lina to the fortieth congress: and was
re-elected to the forty-first congress. He
died June 25, 1870. in Washington. D. C.
HEATWOLE. JOEL PRESCOTT, edit
or legislator, congressman, was born
\u'g 22, 1856, in Waterford. Ind. He was
regent of the Minne
sota university in
1891-97 and also
served as mayor of
Northfleld in 1894-
95. He was a mem
ber of the fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth
*"• congresses, and took
an active part in the
deliberations of that
body. Since settling
in Minnesota in 1882
he has been active in
the political affairs of that state.
HEBARD, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, congressman, was born in Con
necticut. He settled in Vermont; and
was elected a representative in congress
from that state from 1849 to 1853. He
was judge of the supreme court from 1842
lo 1S45; and judge of probate for seven
years. He served seven years in the two
houses of the legislature; and was two
years attorney for Orange county.
HEBBARD. STEPHEN SOUTHWICK.
clergyman, author, was born in 1841. He
is a universalist clergyman; and the au
thor of The Secret of Christianity; and
History of Wisconsin under the Dominion
of France.
HEBERLING. WILLIAM LEWIS, in
ventor, writer, was born Feb. 1, 1847. in
Martin's Ferry, Ohio. He has attained
success as an inventor; and has written
extensively on reform subjects.
HEBERT. JOSEPH GUY. educator, law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 24, 1870, in
West Baton Rouge, La. He attended
select and private schools in his own
parish, and in 1889 graduated from the
Harper, Kan., Normal school. He then
engaged in educational work for several
years, and in 1892 graduated from the Tu-
lane university law school. He has served
as justice of the peace in Plaquemine,
La. ; and filled various other public posi-
tiefls of honor.
HEBERT, PAUL OCTAVE, was born
Nov. 12, 1818, in Louisiana, and was the
twelfth governor of that state. He died
Apl-il 20, 1880.
HECKER, ISAAC THOMAS, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 18, 1819, in
New York city. He was a Roman catholic
clergyman who in early life was one of
the noted Brook Farm community. Be
coming a Roman catholic he founded the
Order of the Paulists in 1858. In 1865 he
established The Catholic World, of which
he remained the editor till his death. He
was the author of Questions of the Soul;
Aspirations of Nature; Catholicity in the
United States; Catholics and Protestants
Agreeing on the School Question; and
The Church and the Age. He died Dec.
22, 1888, in New York city.
HECKMAN, CHARLES ADAM, soldier,
was born Dec. 3, 1822, in Easton, Pa. In
18f>2 he was made brigadier-general of vol
unteers.
HECKMAN, GEORGE C., clergyman,
college president, was born Jan. 26, 1825.
in Easton, Pa. He has filled several pas
torates in the presbyterian churches of
Indiana and New York; and from 1870-
79 was president of Hanover college.
HEDDAEUS, JOHN, educator, clergy
man, poet, was born April 15, 1847, In
Germany. He is a teacher of modern
languages, and engaged at the military
academy in Sing Sing, N. Y. He is the
author of a work entitled Lord Lively.
HEDDINGS. ELIJAH, clergyman, bish
op, was born June 7, 1780, in Pine
Plains, N. Y. At the general conference
in 1824 he was elevated to the office of
bishop of the methodist episcopal church.
He died April 9. 1852. in Poughkeepsie,
X Y.
HEDGE, FREDERIC HENRY, educat
or, author, poet, was born Dec. 12, 1805, in
Cambridge, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman, and professor of German lan
guage and literature at Harvard univer
sity in 1872-81. He was the author of
Reason in Religion; The Primeval World
of Hebrew Tradition; A Christian Lit
urgy; Prose Writers of Germany; Ways
of the Spirit and Other Essays; Atheism
in Philosophy; Sermons; Hours with
German Classics; Martin Luther and
Other Essays; and Metrical Translations
and Poems. He died Aug. 21, 1890. in
Cambridge. Mass.
HEDGE, LEVI. educator, author, was
born April 19, 1766, in Hardwick, Mass.
He was an educator of Massachusetts,
professor of logic in Harvard university
in 1810-27, and author of A System of
Logic. He died Jan. 3, 1844, in Cambridge.
Mass.
HEDGES, CORNELIUS, lawyer, state
senator, jurist, was born Oct. 28, 1831, in
Westfield, Mass. He has been United
States attorney, superintendent of public
instruction, probate judge, and a member
of the Montana state senate.
HEFFKRNEN. JOHN, physician, sur
geon, was born Aug. 14, 1856, in Aurora.
N. Y. He took a classical course in St.
Joseph's college of Dubuque, Iowa; and
graduated in medicine from the Long
Island college hospital of Brooklyn, N. Y.
He is a prominent physician and sur
geon of Cascade, Iowa: and has been
president and secretary of various medi
cal bodies.
HEFLIN, ROBERT STELL. soldier,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
April 15, 1815, in Madison, Ga. He served
in the Creek war in 1836; and was elected
clerk of the superior court of Fayette
county in 1836, and re-elected in 1838.
He was a member of the state senate in
1840 and 1841. He moved to Randolph
county, Ga.. in 1844; was a member of the
legislature in 1849 and I860. He was ap
pointed judge of probate in 1865, and sub
sequently elected to that office, which he
held until the state was admitted into the
union. He was a republican elector; and
was elected to the forty-first congress.
HEGEMAN, EMMET I). C.. journalist,
poet, was born May 23, 1859, in Avon. 111.
After receiving his education at the Mil-
ford Classical and
Collegiate seminary
he entered the pro
fession of journal
ism, and is now the
editor and owner of
the Gazette of Lau
rel, Del. He has
written extensively
both prose and verse
for the periodical
press: and his poems
have appeared in
Poets of America,
and other standard works.
IIKKKINOSIIAWS KNCYCI.orKDIA OK AMKK1CAN BIOGRAPHY.
HE1GES. GEORGE W., lawyer, legis
lator, was born May 18, 1842, in Dillsburg.
Pa. He received his education at the
Cumberland Valley
Normal school of
Newville, Pa.; the
normal school of his
V native city: the
York County acad
emy; and from pri
vate tutors in
French and German.
Since 1867 he has
been a member of
the York bar. and
a member of the
bars of the supreme
and superior courts of Pennsylvania. In
1873-74 he was a member of the Pennsyl
vania house of representatives; and in
1885-86 was the last chief burgess of York
borough. In 1891 he was one of the four
delegates from his county to the consti
tutional convention.
HEILMAN, WILLIAM, manufacturer,
state senator, congressman, was born Oct.
11, 1824. in Germany. He was a repre
sentative in the Indiana state legislature
in 1870; and was a state senator in 1876.
He resigned his seat in the state senate
in 1879, having been elected a representa
tive from Indiana to the forty-sixth con
gress; and was re-elected to the forty-
seventh congress as a republican.
HEILPRIN, ANGELO, naturalist, au
thor, was born March 31, 1853. in Hun
gary. He is a Philadelphia naturalist and
artist, and has been professor of geology
at Wagner Free institute since 1885. He
is the author of Contributions to the Ter
tiary Geology and Palaeontology of the
United States; Town Geology, the Les
son of the Philadelphia Rocks; Geo
graphical and Geological Distribution of
Animals: Explorations on the West Coast
of Florida; Animal Life of Our Seashore;
Geological Evidences of Evolution: and
The Arctic Problem.
HEILPRIN. LOUIS, author, was born
July 2. 1851, in Hungary. He is a writer
of New York city; and the author of
The Story of Hungary (with A. Vam-
bery); Historical Reference Book; and
Chronological Table of Universal History.
HEILPRIN, MICHAEL, author, was
born in 1823 in Poland. He was a Polish
refugee and scholar who supported Kos-
suth in Hungary in 1848. and came to the
United States in 1850. He published His
torical Poetry of the Hebrews Critically
Examined. He died May 10. 1888, in
Summit. N. J.
HEINER, DANIEL BROADHEAD, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 30, 1854,
in Kittanning. Pa. He was elected dis
trict attorney of Pennsylvania in 1885 and
re-elected in 1888; and was elected to the
fifty-third and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
HEINIGER. JOHANNES, educator,
clergyman, lecturer, was born Dec. 31,
1843, in Switzerland. He is the popular
pastoi of the First
Evangelical church
of Jersey City, N. J.;
and the editor of
Zions Biene, a relig
ious publication. He
has filled pastorates
in several large
churches; has been
president of the
evangelical Lutheran
Augsburg synod, and
president of the Im-
manuel's synod of
the evangelical Lutheran church of North
America. He has also been engaged in
educational work and has filled a chair in
the Western university of St. Louis. Mo.
HEINTZELMAN, SAMUEL PETER,
soldier, was born Sept. 30. 1805, in Man-
heim. Pa. He served with distinction
through the Mexican
war. He subse
quently established
Fort Yuma in Cali
fornia, and was suc
cessfully engaged in
suppressing the In-
'^^£j^H <li;m>. lie ;i!so served
I with distinction in
the civil war, and
was brevetted major-
general in the United
States army. After
the civil war he filled
numerous public positions of honor; and
has contributed valuable articles to cur-
vent literature.
HE1STER, DANIEL, congressman. He
succeeded his father in congress; and
was a member of the eleventh congress.
HEISTER, DANIEL, soldier, merchant,
congressman, was born in Berks county.
Pa. He was colonel, and afterward briga
dier-general of the militia, and in service.
In 1784 he was elected to the supreme
executive council of Pennsylvania; and
in 1787 was appointed a commissioner of
the Connecticut land claims. He was a
member of the first, second, third and
fourth congresses from Pennsylvania.
After this he removed to Hagerstown,
Md.; and was elected from that state a
member of the seventh and eighth con
gresses. He died March 8, 1804, in Wash
ington.
HEISTER. JOHN, congressman, was
born April 9. 1746. He was a member of
the tenth congress from Pennsylvania
He died Oct. 15, 1821.
HEISTER, JOSEPH, soldier, statesman,
was born Nov. 18, 1752, in Bern town
ship. Pa. He was a member of the con
vention which framed the constitution of
1776: served five years in the house and
four in the senate of Pennsylvania. He
was a member from Pennsylvania of the
fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth
congresses. In 1807 he was appointed one
of the two major-generals to command
the Pennsylvania contingent, called for
by the president. After this he retired
from public life, but in 1814 his old con
stituency of Berks again elected him to
the fourteenth congress, and re-elected
him to the fifteenth and sixteenth coi-
gresses. In 1817 he ran for governor un
successfully, but three years afterward
was elected, and served in that office until
1823. He died June 10. 1832, in Reading.
HEISTER, WILLIAM, farmer, congress
man, was born in Bern township, Pa. He
was elected a member of the twenty-third
and twenty-fourth congresses of Pennsyl
vania
HEITFELD. HENRY, farmer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 12, 1859, in St.
Louis, Mo. He removed to Seneca, Kan.,
at the age of eleven
years, where he con
tinued to reside till
the year 1882, in
which year he emi
grated to the state
of Washington: lo
cated in Idaho in
1883, where he has
been engaged in
farming and stock
raising since. He
was elected state
senator in 1894 and
re-elected in 1896; was elected United
States senator, as a populist, Jan. 28, 1897;
took his seat March 4. 1897. His term of
service will expire March 3. 1903.
HEITMAN, F. B., author. He is the
author of Historical Register of the
United States Army, and Historical Regis
ter of the Officers of the Continental
Army, both of which are valuable works
of historical reference.
HEITMAN, JOHN FRANKLIN, educat
or, college president, was born Nov. 1,
1857, in York, Pa. He accepted the call
to become president of Trinity college.
North Carolina, and still occupies that
position with the chair of political and
social science.
HEITZMAN, CHARLES, physician, au
thor, was born Oct. 2, 1836, in Hungary.
He is a physician who came to New York
city from Vienna in 1874, and is of prom
inence as a dermatologist. He is the au
thor of Chirurgische Pathologie und Ther-
apie; Descriptive and Topographical
Anatomy of Man; and Microscopic
Morphology of the Animal Body.
HELFENSTE1N, JOHN CONRAD AL
BERT, clergyman, author, was born Feb.
16, 1748, in Germany. In 1772 he took
charge of a congregation in Gennantown.
and was one of the fathers of the Ger
man reformed church in this country.
Several small volumes of his sermons
have been published. He died May 17,
1790, in Germantown. Pa.
HELFINSTINE, DAVID M., clergyman,
college president, was born April 14, 1852,
in Clark county, Ohio. He received his
education at the Parson's college of Fair-
field. Iowa; and attended the McCormick
Theological seminary of Chicago. He has
been state evangelist for the Christian
church, and treasurer of the Church Ex
tension society. He has attained success
as a clergyman; and is now the presi
dent of Palmer college of La Grand, Iowa.
HELLER, DANIEL D., lawyer, jurist,
was born March 29. 1839, in Harrison
county, Ohio. He was elected judge of the
twenty-sixth judicial circuit court of In
diana, and received the re-election for a
second term of six years.
HELM, BEN HARDIN, soldier, state
legislator, was born in 1830 in Elizabeth-
town, Ky. He was a member of the Ken
tucky legislature in 1855-56, and common
wealth attorney for the third district of
Kentucky from 1856 till 1858. In 1861 he
joined the confederate army, and was
made brigadier-general in 1862. He died
Sept. 21, 1863. in Georgia.
HELM. JOHN LARUE, legislator, gov
ernor, was born July 4, 1802, in Hardin
county, Ky. He was made county attor
ney of his county; in 1826 was elected to
the house of representatives of the state,
and was a member of that body eleven
years. He was elected state senator from
1844 to 1848, and from 1865 to 1869; and
resigned in 1867 to run for governor. He
presided in the legislature seven years;
was elected lieutenant-governor in 1848;
and was governor from 1850 to 1852. In
1854 he was made president of the Louis
ville and Nashville railroad. He died
Sept. 8, 1867. in Elizabethtown, Ky.
HELMAN, CHARLES EDWARD, cler
gyman, lecturer, was born Jan. 24, 1862.
in Red Haw, Ohio. He graduated from
the Baldwin university of Berea, Ohio,
from which institution he received the de
gree of A. B. He has attained eminence
as a successful clergyman of the method-
ist episcopal church: has filled several
pastorates in Ohio; and now fills a pas
torate in his church at Hailey, Idaho.
HELMICK, WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 6, 1817, in Jef
ferson county, Ohio. He was elected a
prosecuting attorney; and in 1858 was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-sixth congress.
470
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPKD1A OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HELMS, EUGENE W., lawyer, jurist,
was born April 2, 1859, in Salem, Wis.
He received his education in the common
schools and graduated from the law
school of the state university of Wiscon
sin. In 1893-96 he was district attorney
of St. Croix county, \Vis.; and from Jan.
1, 1897, he commenced serving as cir
cuit judge of the eighth judicial circuit
of Wisconsin.
HELMS, WILLIAM, soldier, congress
man. He was an officer in the revolution
ary army; and was a representative in
congress from New Jersey, from 1801 to
1811. He died in Tennessee.
HELMUTH, JUSTUS CHRISTIAN
HENRY, clergyman, author, was born
May 16, 1745, in Germany. He was a
Lutheran clergyman who came to Amer
ica in 1769, and was pastor of St. Mich
ael's Lutheran church in Philadelphia in
1779-1820, and for eighteen years professor
of languages in the university of Penn
sylvania. He was the author of Taufe
und heilige Schrift; Unterhalten mit
Gott; and Geistliche Lieder. He died
Feb. 5, 1825, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HELMUTH, WILLIAM TOD, surgeon,
author, was born in 1833, in Pennsylvania.
He is a surgeon of New York city; and the
author of Treatise on Diphtheria; Medi
cal Pomposity; System of Surgery;
Scratches of a Surgeon; Suprapubic Lith
otomy; and With the Pousse Caf6, post
prandial verses.
HELPER, HINTON ROWAN, author,
was born Dec. 27, 1829, near Mocksville,
N. C. He is a southern writer long resi
dent in New York city; and the author of
The Impending Crisis of the South, a 'once
famous work, which appeared shortly be
fore the opening of the civil war; No-
joque; The Negroes in Negroland; The
Land of Gold; Oddments of Andean Di
plomacy; and the Three Americas Rail
way.
HEMBEL, WILLIAM, physician, was
born Sept. 24, 1764, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He practiced gratuitously for many years
among the poor of Philadelphia, and was
noted for benevolence. He was presi
dent of the Academy of Natural Sciences
from 1840 till 1849. He died June 19, 1851,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
HEMENWAY, JAMES A., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 8, 1860, in
Boonville, Ind. In 1886 and again in 1888
he was elected prosecuting attorney of the
second judicial circuit of Indiana; and in
1890 was selected as the member of the
republican state committee from the first
district. He was elected to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
HEMENWAY, STACY, physician, sur
geon, was born Jan. 13, 1836, in La Porte
county, Ind. He graduated from the medi
cal department of
the Lind university,
now known as the
Chicago Medical
university. During
the civil war he was
assistant surgeon of
the ninth cavalry II-
1 i n o i s volunteers;
then became surgeon
of the forty-first
United States col
ored troops; and
subsequently was
acting assistant surgeon in the United
States army. During 1871-74 he was resi
dent physician to the hospital for the in
sane of Washington territory; was a
charter member of the Washington State
Medical society; and is prominently iden
tified with various leading medical bodies
In America.
HEMINGWAY, WILSON EDWIN, law
yer, jurist, was born Jan. 4, 1854, near
Carrollton, Miss. He is now one of the
foremost lawyers of Arkansas at Little
Rock; and served with distinction as
judge of the supreme court of Arkansas.
HEMPEL, CHARLES JULIUS, physi
cian, author, was born Sept. 5, 1811, in
Prussia. He was a physician of Grand
Rapids, Mich., who came to America from
Prussia in 1835. He was the author of
Christendom and Civilization; System of
Materia Medica and Therapeutics; The
Science of Homoeopathy; Homoeopathic
Theory and Practice in Surgical Diseases
(with J. Beakley); True Organization of
the New Church; and Life of Christ (In
German). He died Sept. 25, 1879, in Grand
Rapids, Mich.
HEMPHILL, JOHN, United States sen
ator. He was a senator in congress from
Texas from 1859 until that state seceded,
when he became identified with the great
rebellion; and was expelled from the sen
ate July 10, 1861. He died Jan. 4, 1862, in
Richmond, Va.
HEMPHILL, JOHN J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 25, 1849, in Ches
ter, S. C. In 1876 he was elected a repre
sentative in the state legislature; and
was re-elected in 1878 and 1880. He was
elected a representative from South Caro
lina to the forty-eighth congress; and was
re-elected to the forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-
first, and fifty-second congresses as a
democrat.
HEMPHILL, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1770 in Dela
ware county, Pa. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1801 to 1803, again from 1819 to 1827, and
from 1829 to 1831. He was for some time
judge of the district court of Philadelphia.
He died May 29, 1842, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HEMPSTEAD, EDWARD, lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 3, 1780, in New
London, Conn. In 1806 he was appointed
deputy attorney-general for the district
of St. Louis and St. Charles, and in 1809
attorney-general for the territory of Upper
Louisiana, which office he held until 1811.
He was the first delegate to congress from
the western side of the Mississippi river,
representing Missouri territory from 1811
to 1814. After his service in congress he
went upon several expeditions against the
Indians; was elected to the territorial as
sembly, and chosen speaker. He died
Aug. 10, 1817.
HEMPSTEAD, GAY, lawyer, author,
poet, was born Nov. 24, 1847, in Little
Rock, Ark. He is a successful lawyer and
lecturer, and grand secretary of the Free
masons for the state of Arkansas. He is
the author of Hempstead's School History
of Arkansas; and two volumes of poems.
HEMPSTEAD, JUNIUS L., poet, was
born Nov. 14, 1842, in Dubuque, Iowa. He
is the son of the late Governor Hemo-
stead. His educat-
tion began in tHe
public schools, and
then took a course in
St. Charles college,
Mo. Always studi
ous and fond of art,
music and literature,
when a youth he
secured the blue rib
bon two successive
seasons at the St.
Louis fair, and also
two premium prizes
of seventy-five and one hundred dollars
for the best original statues in marble.
He won the first prize offered for the best
original statuette in marble by Dr. Van
Zandt. It was carved from a block of
Vermont marble. The next year the prize
was again taken by him, therefore Dr.
Van Zandt offered to send him to Paris
and Italy, defraying all expenses for six
years, but the offer was declined, how
ever, and he was sent to a Virginia col
lege. He began his business career with
bookkeeping, but for years past, most of
his time has been given over to literature.
He is represented as a poet in Golden
Thoughts of American Writers; Poets of
America; and has published one volume
of poems, Parnassian Niches.
HEMPSTEAD, STEPHEN, governor.
He was governor of Iowa from 1850 to
1854. He died Feb. 16, 1883.
HEMSLEY. WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a delegate from Maryland to the
continental congress from 1782 to 1784.
HEMSTEGER, J. BONI, journalist, was
born Sept. 3, 1858, in Piqua, Ohio. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education at
the St. Boniface Parochial school; and
then attended the St. Mary's college of
Dayton, Ohio. During 1878-94 he was ed
itor and owner of The Correspondent; in
1889 of the Daily Democrat; and during
1888-90 of The Post of Greenville, Ohio.
Since 1893 he has been president and
manager of the Correspondent Show
Printing company of Piqua, Ohio.
HENCK, JOHN BENJAMIN, educator,
author, was born in November, 1816, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a professor of
engineering in the Massachusetts insti
tute of Technology in 1865-81, and the au
thor of a Field Book for Railway En
gineers.
HENDEE, GEORGE WHITMAN, law
yer, state senator, congressman, governor,
was born Nov. 30, 1832, in Stowe, Vt. He
was prosecuting attorney in 1858; a mem
ber of the state house of representatives
in 1861 and 1862; and of the state senate
in 1866, 1867, and 1868. He was lieuten
ant-governor of Vermont in 1869; was
governor in 1870; and was elected to the
forty-third, forty-fourth and forty-fifth
congresses as a republican.
HENDEE, MRS., heroine, was born in
1754. When the Indians burned Royalton,
Vt., in 1776, her husband, Joshua Hendee.
was absent in a Vermont regiment, and
she was at work in an adjacent field. The
Indians entered her house, seized her chil
dren, and carried them across White river,
where it was a hundred yards wide and
too deep for fording. Mrs. Hendee dashed
into the river, swam and waded through,
and, entering the camp, regardless of the
tomahawks that were nourished about her
head, demanded her children's release,
and persevered until her request was
granted. She carried them across the
stream, landed them in safety on the other
bank, and, returning three times in suc
cession, procured the release of fifteen
children belonging to her neighbors. On
her final return to the camp the Indians
were so struck with her courage that one
of them declared that so brave a squaw
deserved to be carried across the stream,
and taking her on his back swam with her
to the place where the rescued children
were awaiting her return. She was twen
ty-two years old when she performed this
feat, and in 1818 she was living in Sharon,
Vt., with her third husband, whose name
was Mosher. It is thought that she re
moved to one of the western states about
1820.
HENDEL, WILLIAM, clergyman, was
born about 1730, in Germany. After com
pleting his theological studies, he removed
to the United States in 1764 and became
one of the pioneers of the German re
formed church in this country. He died
Sept. 29, 1798, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
471
HENDERSON, ARCHIBALD, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 7, 1768, in
Granville county, N. C. He was a repre
sentative in congress from North Caro
lina from 1799 to 1803; and was subse
quently elected to the general assembly
for several terms. He died Oct. 21, 1822,
in Salisbury, N. C.
HENDERSON, ARCHIBALD, soldier,
was born in 1785 in Virginia. He served
in the war of 1812 and attained the rank
of major; also served in the Florida war
and received, for gallant and meritorious
services, the rank of brigadier-general.
He died Jan. 27, 1837, in Washington,
D. C.
HENDERSON, BENNETT H., congress
man. He was a representative in congress
from Tennessee from 1815 to 1817.
HENDERSON, DAVID BREMNER, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born
March 14, 1840, in Scotland. He entered
___^___^^_tj__ the union army as a
private in 1861 and
served with distinc
tion, rising to the
rank of colonel. In
1869-70 he was as
sistant United States
district attorney;
was chairman of the
Iowa delegation in
the republican na
tional convention of
1880; and was secre
tary of the republi
can congressional committee in 1882. He
was elected a representative from Iowa
to the forty-eighth congress; was re-elect
ed to the forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first,
fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth and
fifty-fifth congresses as a republican. He
has twice presided over the republican
state conventions of Iowa; and has three
times served as chairman of his delega
tion from Iowa to the national republican
conventions.
HENDERSON, ERNEST PLAGG, edu
cator, author, was born in 1861 in New
York. He is an instructor in Wellesley
college, and the author of A History of
Germany in the Middle Ages; Historical
Documents of the Middle Ages; and col
laborator in Larned's History for Ready
Reference.
HENDERSON, ISAAC, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1850 in New York. He
was a New York city journalist in 1872-81,
who has since lived abroad. He is the au
thor of The Prelate; and Agatha Page.
HENDERSON, JAMES H. D., journal
ist, congressman, was born July 23, 1810,
in Salem, Ky. He moved to Lane county
arid settled on a farm two or three miles
south of Eugene City, Ore. In 1864 he
was the successful candidate of the repub
lican party for congressman at large from
the state of Oregon and took his seat in
that body March 4, 1865. He died in
October, 1885, in Eugene City, Ore.
HENDERSON, JAMES PINCKNEY,
lawyer, soldier, statesman, was born
March 31, 1808, in Lincoln county, N. C.
His first civil office was that of attorney-
general of the republic of Texas, having
been appointed by President Houston in
1836. In 1837 he was appointed secretary
of state of the republic, and soon after
ward minister plenipotentiary to England
and France. In 1845 he was a member of
the convention which framed the consti
tution of the state of Texas, and in No
vember of the same year was elected
governor of that state. When the Mexi
can war broke out in 1846, he served
six months as major-general. In 1857 he
was elected a senator in congress from
Texas. He died June 4, 1858, in Washing
ton, D. C.
HENDERSON, JOHN, soldier, lawyer.
United States senator, was born in 1795
in a northern state. He was a general of
militia in Mississippi, and a senator in
congress from Mississippi from 1839 to
1845. He died in 1857 in Pass Christian,
Miss.
HENDERSON, JOHN BROOKS, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Nov. 16,
1826, near Danville, Va. He was elected to
the Missouri state legislature, re-elected
in 1856, and in the same year chosen a
presidential elector, and also in 1860. On
the expulsion of Trusten Polk from the
United States senate, he was appointed
to fill the vacancy, and in 1863 was elected
for the full term ending in 1869.
HENDERSON, JOHN H. D., journalist,
clergyman, congressman, was born July
23, 1810, in Salem, Ky. In 1864 he was
elected a representative from Oregon to
the thirty-ninth congress.
HENDERSON, JOHN OSCAR, journal
ist, was born Sept. 1, 1847, in New Lon
don, Ind. Since 1876 he has been the edi
tor and owner of the Kokomo Dispatch,
Indiana. He was appointed collector of
internal revenue in 1885, and is now audi
tor of state for the state of Indiana.
HENDERSON, JOHN S., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Jan. 6, 1846,
in Salisbury, N. C. In 1864 he entered
the confederate army and served as a
private until the close of the civil war.
In 1871 he was elected a delegate to the
state constitutional convention, and again
in 1875, and in 1876 was elected a repre
sentative in the North Carolina state
legislature. In 1879 he was elected a
state senator, and in 1880 was a delegate
to the democratic national convention.
In 1883 he was elected a representative
from North Carolina to the forty-ninth
congress, and was re-elected to the fiftieth,
fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-third con
gresses as a democrat.
HENDERSON, JOSEPH, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1833 to 1837.
HENDERSON, LEONARD, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Oct. 6, 1772, in Granville
county, N. C. In 1808 he was made judge
of the appellate court; in 1818 was elected
to the supreme court of North Carolina;
and in 1829 was appointed chief justice.
He died Aug. 13, 1833, in Williamsbor-
ough, N. C.
HENDERSON, MRS. MARY FOOTE,
author, was born about 1835 in New York.
She is a writer of St. Louis who organ
ized the Industrial Art school in that
city, and is the author of Practical Cook
ing and Dinner-Giving; and Diet for the
Sick.
HENDERSON. MATTHEW, missionary,
was born in 1736 in Scotland. In 1782 he
removed to Washington county, and be
came pastor of the Associate Reformed
church of Chartiers and Buffalo, being the
only clergyman of his denomination in
that portion of Pennsylvania. He died
Oct. 2, 1795, in Washington county, Pa.
HENDERSON, PETER, florist, author,
was born June 9, 1822, in Scotland. In
1865 he engaged in the seed business as
Henderson and Fleming, and in 1871
founded the now famous firm of Peter
Henderson and Co., seedsmen and florists.
He wrote much on horticulture for the
newspaper press and produced several val
uable books on gardening and flowers,
entitled: Gardening for Profit; Practical
Floriculture; Gardening for Pleasure;
Handbook of Plants; How the Farm
Pays; and Garden and Farm Topics. He
died Jan. 17, 1890, in Jersey City, N. J.
HENDERSON, RICHARD, pioneer, law
yer, jurist, was born in 1734 in Hanover
county, Va. In 1769 he was appointed as
sociate judge of the superior court of
North Carolina. He died Jan. 30, 1785,
in Hillsborough, N. C.
HENDERSON, ROBERT MILLER, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born
March 11, 1827, near Carlisle, Pa. He was
admitted to the bar in Carlisle in 1847,
and served in the legislature in 1851-63.
In 1865 he was brevetted colonel and brig
adier-general of volunteers for services
during the war. In 1872 he became law
judge of the twelfth judicial district of
Pennsylvania, served ten years, and was
elected president judge of the same dis
trict in 1882.
HENDERSON, SAMUEL, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1814 to 1815 to fill a
vacancy.
HENDERSON, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1743 in Free
hold, N. J. He was judge of the court of
common pleas; a delegate to the con
tinental congress from 1779 to 1780; and
was a representative from New Jersey in
congress, under the constitution, from
1795 to 1797. He was also lieutenant-gov
ernor of that state. He died Dec. 15, 1824,
in Freehold, N. J.
HENDERSON, THOMAS J., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Nov. 29,
1824, in Brownsville, Tenn. In 1854 he
was elected to the Illinois state legisla
ture; and in 1856 was chosen a senator,
serving four years. He was brevetted »
brigadier-general in 1865 for services in
Georgia and Tennessee. In 1874 he was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-fourth congress. He was re-
elected to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, for
ty-seventh, forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fif
tieth, fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-
third congresses as a republican.
HENDERSON, WILLIAM F., lawyer,
jurist. In 1885 he was appointed an asso
ciate justice of the supreme court of the
territory of New Mexico for the term of
four years, residing in Santa Fe.
HENDERSON, WILLIAM JAMES, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1855 in New
Jersey. He is a journalist on the staff of
the New York Times; and the author of
The Story of Music; Preludes and Studies;
Sea Yarns for Boys; Afloat with the Flag;
and Elements of Navigation.
HENDREN, GILBERT H., lawyer, was
born March 29, 1857, in Canal Winchester,
Ohio. After receiving his education in
the district schools of Ohio, and the Nor
mal schools of Indiana, he graduated from
the Central Law school of Indianapolis.
He is a prominent lawyer of Bloomfield,
Ind.; has been deputy clerk of the Greene
county circuit for eight years; for three
terms was chairman of the democratic
county central committee; and was dele
gate from the second congressional dis
trict to the World's Columbian exposition
at Chicago.
HENDRICK, JOHN K., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 10,
1849, in North Carolina. He was elected
county attorney of Livingston county, Ky.,
in 1878; and re-elected in 1882. He was
elected to the state senate from the third
district in 1887. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a democrat.
HENDRICKS, FRANCIS, merchant,
banker, state senator, was born Nov. 23,
1834, in Kingston, N. Y. He was elected
to the state senate in 1886 and served
continuously in that body for six years.
472
IIKIM{|X(iSMA\VS ENCYCLOPEDIA < K AM KltlCAN BIOGRAPHY.
era! land office.
HENDRICKS. THOMAS ANDREWS,
vice-president of the United States, was
born Sept. 7. 1819, in Zanesville. Ohio. In
1848 he was chosen
to the Indiana state
legislature; declined
a re-election: and
was an active mem
ber of the Indiana
constitutional con
vention of 1850. He
was a representative
in congress from
Indiana from 1851
to 1855; and was ap
pointed in 1855 com
missioner of the gen-
He was subsequently
elected a senator in congress for the term
commencing in 1863 and ending in 1869.
In 1H72 he received a majority of the
democratic votes for the office of pres
ident of the United States; in 187li
was an unsuccessful candidate for vice-
president of the United States; and in
1884 was elected vice-president of the
United States. He died Nov. 25, 1885. in
Indianapolis. Ind.
HENDRICKS. WILLIAM. governor.
United States senator, was born in 1783
in Westmoreland county. Pa. He was the
first and sole representative of Indiana in
congress from 1816 to 1822. He was gov
ernor of the state from 1822 to 1825, when
he was elected a member of the United
States senate, and served until 1837. He
died May IK. 1850, in Madison. Ind.
HENDRICKSON. CHARLES ELVIN.
lawyer, state legislator, jurist, was born
Jan. 8, 1843, in New Egypt. N. .1. In
1868 he was elected a member of the New
Jersey state legislature; was prosecutor of
the pleas of Burlington county during
1870-90; and in 189B was appointed spe
cial judge of the court of errors and ap
peals of New Jersey for term expiring in
1902.
HENDRIX. EUGENE RUSSELL, l.isli-
op, author, was born May 17. 1847. in
Fayette, Mo. He is a bishop of the meth-
odist church south, whose official resi
dence is at Kansas City. He has written
Around the World.
HENUHIX, JOSEPH C., journalist, ban
ker, congressman, was born May 25, 1853.
in Fayette. Mo. In 188B he was appointed
postmaster of Brooklyn, and served un
til 1890. In 1X87 ' he was elected
president of the board of education of
Brooklyn, and has been elected annually
since to 1892. He was elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat.
HENINO. WILLIAM WALLER, lawyer.
author. He was a legal writer of Vir
ginia: and the author of The American
Pleader and Lawyer's Guide; The New
Virginia Justice; The Statutes of Vir
ginia. 1H!il-17!i2: and Reports of Cases in
the Supreme Court of Appeals of Vir
ginia and in the Supreme Court of Chan
cery for Richmond District. He died in
1828 in Virginia.
HENKLE. ELI JONES, physician, cdn
cator, congressman, was born Nov. 24,
1828, in Baltimore county. Md. He was a
member of the state senate in 18<>7, 186S
and 1870. He was elected to the house of
delegatesin 1871 and 1873; and In 1872 was
delegate to the national democratic con
vention. He was one year professor of
anatomy, physiology, and natural history
in the Maryland Agricultural college,
which position he resigned in 1874. He
was elected a representative from Mary
land to the forty-fourth congress; and re-
elected to the forty-fifth and forty-sixth
congresses as a democrat.
HENKLE. MOSES MONTGOMERY,
clergyman, author, was born in 1798 in
Virginia. He was a methodist clergyman
of Baltimore and elsewhere; and the au
thor of Masonic Addresses; Primary Plat
form of Methodism; Analysis of Church
Go\ernment; Life of Bishop Bascom;
and Primitive Episcopacy. He died in
1864.
HENLEY, BARCLAY, lawyer, legisla
tor, congressman, was born March 17.
1842. in Clark county, Ind. He served in
18(i9 in the California state legislature as
assemblyman; was presidential elector in
1880; and served with distinction as a
member of the forty-eighth and forty-
ninth congresses during 1882-87.
HENLEY, DAVID, revolutionary sol
dier, was born Feb. 12, 1748, in Charles-
town. Mass. He was appointed brigade-
major to Gen. Heath in 1775. He died Jan.
1. 1823. in Washington, I). C.
HENLEY. JOHN DANDRIDGE. naval
officer, was born Feb. 25, 1781. in \Vil-
liamsburg. Pa. He was appointed a mid
shipman by President Washington, and a
commander in 1813. He was promoted to
a captaincy in 1817; and at the time of
his death was commanding the West In
dian squadron. He died May 23. 1835. in
Havana. Cuba.
HENLEY. THOMAS J., farmer, public
official, congressman, was born in 1810
in Indiana. He was a member of
the state legislature from 1832 to 1842;
and was a representative in congress from
Indiana from 1843 to 1849. In 1849 he
emigrated to California; was a member
of the first legislature of that state; was
for seven years superintendent of Indian
affairs for California; and was subse
quently appointed postmaster of San
Francisco.
HENN. BERNHART. congressman.
was born in New York. He moved to
Iowa: and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1849 to 1853.
HENNEGAN. B. K. He was acting
governor of South Carolina in 1840.
HENNEN. ALFRED, lawyer, educator,
was born Oct. 17, 1786. in Elk Ridge, Md.
For many years previous to his death he
was professor of common and constitu
tional law in the university of Louisiana.
He died Jan. 19. 1870. in New Orleans, La.
HENNEQUIN, ALFRED. educator,
dramatist, author, was born in 184fi in
France. He is a dramatist and educa
tor who beside several Anglo-French text
books has published The Art of Play-
writing.
HENNESSY. JOHN JOSEPH. Roman
catholic bishop, was born July 19, 1847. in
Ireland. He received his education at the
college of Christian Brothers of St. Louis.
Mo. He has filled pastorates in various
churches, and in 1866 he was consecrated
Roman catholic bishop of Dubuque, Iowa.
Early in his ministry he founded the hos
pital of Mercy, at Davenport; and estab
lished the St. Joseph's college there in
IN?::.
HENNI, JOHN MARTIN, archbishop,
was born in 1805 in Switzerland. In 1836
he founded and edited for some time the
Wahrheits-Freund, the first German Ro
man catholic paper published in the United
States. He died Sept. 7. 1881 in Milwau
kee. Wis
HENNING, DAVID CALVIN, lawyer,
orator, author, was born in 1847 in Union
county. Pa. He is one of the ablest of
Pennsylvania's lawyers; a brilliant ora
tor; and the author of a series of histori
cal sketches entitled Tales of the Blue
Mountains.
HENN1NGSEN. CHARLES FREDER
ICK, soldier, author, was born in 1815 in
England. He was a soldier of Swedish
descent and English birth who served
with the Carlists in Spain in 1834, and
subsequently joined Kossuth in Hungary.
He came to America in 1856, was with
Walker in Nicaragua, entered the confed
erate army in 1861, and became a gen
eral. He was the author of The Last
of the Sophis. a Poem: Twelve Months'
Campaign with Zumalacarregui; The
White Slave, a novel; Eastern Europe:
Sixty Years Hence, a novel of Russian
life; Scenes from the Belgian Revolution;
Analogies and Contrasts; Personal Recol
lections of Nicaragua; and The Past and
Future of Hungary. He died June 14. 1877.
in Washington, D. C.
HENRY, ALEXANDER, explorer, au
thor, was born in 1739 in New Jersey. He
was a noted traveler in northwest Ameri
ca who published Travels and Adventures
in Canada between 1760-76. He died April.
1824, in Montreal. Canada.
HENRY. ALEXANDER, mayor of
Philadelphia, was born April 14, 1823, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1856-57 he served in
the councils, and in 1858 was elected to
the mayoralty; and by successive elections
he served in the office until 1866, when he
declined a renomination. He managed
the affairs of Philadelphia during the civil
war with great ability. He died Dec. H.
1883, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HENRY. ALFRED H.. clergyman, was
born April 4. 1865. in East Homer, N. Y.
He attended the Northwestern university,
and the Chicago College of Science. He
has served several pastorates in Chicago.
111., where in 1892 he was prominently
connected with the work of securing bet
ter hours and Sunday rest-day for labor
ing men. He was pastor of the Trinity
Methodist Episcopal church of Oma
ha, Neb.; and is now pastor of the First
Methodist Episcopal church of Salt Lake
City, Utah.
HENRY. CALEB SPRAGUE, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 2, 1804, in Rut
land, Mass. He was an episcopal clergy
man of New York and Connecticut who
held professorships in several colleges,
and was at one time a journalist in New-
York city. He was the author of Moral
and Philosophical Essays; Satan as a
Moral Philosopher; About Men and
Things; Dr. Oldham at Greystones and
his Talk There: Social Welfare and Hu
man Progress: Household Liturgy: The
Endless Future of the Human Race; and
Epitome of the History of Philosophy. He
was the translator of Guizot's History
of Civilization and other works. He died
March 9. 1884. in Newburg. N. Y.
HENRY, CHARLES I... lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 1, 1849, in Green
lov.-nship, Ind. He studied law with Hon.
H e r v e y Craven;
graduated from the
law department of
the Indiana univer-
;» « m sity, at Blooming-
ton, in 1872, and im-
!• Imediatelyco m-
•^B * menced the practice
of law at Pendleton.
He removed to An
derson in 1875, where
he has since resided.
He was elected to the
state senate in 1880
from the counties of Grant and Madison,
and served in the sessions of 1881 and
1883; and was elected to the fifty-fourth
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
HERRINQSHAW'S KNC VCl.Ot'Kl >l A <>K AM KKH 'AN UK )(!UA I'll V.
HENRY. UANIEL M.. lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Feb. 19.
1823. in Dorchester county, Md. He was
elected a representative in the legisla
ture in 1846; and again in 1849. He was
a state senator in 18fi9; and was elected a
representative from Maryland to the for
ty-fifth and forty-sixth congresses.
HENRY. E. STEVENS, manufacturer,
financier, congressman, was born in 18311
in Gill, Mass. He has been mayor of
Rockville: was a representative in the
lower house of the Connecticut general as
sembly of 1883; and state senator from
the twenty-third senatorial district in
1887-88. He was delegate-at-large to the
Chicago national republican convention
in 1888; and treasurer of the state of
Connecticut from 1889 to 1893. In 1894
he was elected to the fifty-fourth con
gress, and was re-elected in 1896 to the fif
ty-fifth congress.
HENRY. EDWARD LAMSON, artist,
was born Jan. 12. 1841. in Charleston, S. C.
He has painted chiefly genre pictures
interiors, representing American colonial
life, and historical pieces. The first pic
ture by his hand that attracted attention
was Railway Station of a New England
Road.
HENRY, GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS, ora
tor, state legislator, was born Oct. 8, 1804.
in Cherry Spring, Ky. He achieved great
reputation as a public speaker, and was
known throughout the south as the eagle
orator of Tennessee. He was in the Ten
nessee legislature in 1851 ; and was a
member of the confederate senate from
1861 till the close of the civil war. He died
Sept. 10, 1880. in Clarksville. Tenn.
HENRY. GUY VERNOR, soldier, au
thor, was born March 9, 1839. in Fort
Smith. I. T. He is an officer in the United
States army who served during the civil
war, and in Indian wars subsequently. He
is the author of Military Record of Civil
ian Appointments in the United States
Army: Army Catechism for Non-Commis-
sioned Officers: and Manual of Target
Practice.
HENRY, HUSH, soldier, lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born March 21. 1838, in
Chester. Vt., where he attained promi
nence as an able lawyer. During 1872-78.
and again in 1884-86. he was a member of
the New Hampshire state legislature; and
in 1880-82 was a member of the state sen
ate. Since 1884 he has been judge of
probate, and still fills that office to the
satisfaction of the public. Since 1882 he
has been a director in the National bank
of Bellows Falls: and since 1884 has been
a director in the Vermont Valley Railroad
company. In 1892 he was department
commander, department of Vermont.
Grand Army of the Republic; and since
1890 has been president of the Vermont
Soldiers' home.
HENRY. JAMES, jurist, congressman.
He was a delegate from Virginia to the
continental congress, from 1780 to 1781;
and was a lawyer and a judge. He died
in January. 1805. in Virginia.
HENRY. JAMES, manufacturer, author,
was born Oct. 13, 1809. in Philadelphia.
Pa. He was a rifle manufacturer of Boul-
ton. Pa., who was president of the Mo
ravian Historical society, and published
Sketches of Moravian Life and Character.
He died in 1895.
HENRY, JAMES HARRISON, soldier.
railroad operator, banker, was born Nov.
23, 1845, in St. Joseph, Mich. He served
in the civil war as a private in the seventh
Kansas cavalry. He is president and
principal owner of the San Jose and San
ta Clara Railroad company.
HENRY. JOHN, congressman, govern
or, was born about 1750 in Easton, Md.
From 1778 he was a delegate to the old
congress; and was a senator in congress,
under the constitution, from Maryland
from 1789 to 1797, when he resigned. He
was elected governor of Maryland in the
latter year. He died Dec. 1fi. 1798. in
Easton, Md.
HENRY. JOHN F., physician, congress
man, author, was born Jan. 17, 1793, in
Scott county. Ky. In 1813 he was ap
pointed surgeon's mate in Boswell's regi
ment of Kentucky troops, serving at Fort
Meigs. He was elected to congress from
Kentucky for the unexpired term in the
same, from 1826 to 1827. He published a
Treatise on Causes and Treatment of
Choleia. He died Nov. 12. 1873. in Bur
lington. Iowa.
HENRY. JOHN JOSEPH, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born Nov. 4. 1758, in Lan
caster, Pa. He was a jurist of Lancaster.
Pa., who was author of the Accurate and
Interesting Account of Arnold's Cam
paign Against Quebec. He died April 15.
1811. in Lancaster, Pa.
HENRY. JOSEPH, scientist, philoso
pher, author, was born Dec. 17, 1797, in
Albany, N. Y. In 1826 he entered the
_ ^ Albany academy as
professor of mathe
matics, and soon aft
er began a series of
experiments in elec
tricity; made various
discoveries in elec
tro - magnetism,
which were described
in Silliman's Journal
as early as 1831. In
1832 he was called to
chair of natural phi
losophy in Princeton
college: in 1837 visited Europe, where he
remained one year, and his discoveries
connected with the electro-magnet were
recognized, and resulted in establishing
the wonders of what is now called the
telegraph. His principal writings are,
Syllabus of Lectures on Physics; and
Scientific Writings of Joseph Henry, 188H.
He died March 13, 1878, in Washington,
D. C.
HENRY. MORRIS HENRY, physician,
journalist, author, was born July 26, 1835,
in London. England. He was assistant
surgeon in the navy during the civil war.
was surgeon-in-chief of the Emigrant
hospital, Ward's Island, in 1872-80. He is
the originator and editor of the American
Journal of Dermatology, and has pub
lished numerous monographs, including
Treatment of Venereal Diseases in Vienna
Hospital: and Anomalous Localities of
Chancres.
HENRY. PATRICK, patriot, orator,
statesman, was born May 29, 1736, in Stud-
ley, Va. In 1765 he was chosen to the
Virginia assembly:
and was elected a
delegate from Vir
ginia to the conti
nental congress, from
1774 to 1776. He
signed the declara
tion of indepen
dence; and was a
delegate to the
Richmond conven
tion of 1777. In 1776
he was elected gov
ernor of Virginia, re-
elected, and then declined a re-election.
From 1780 to 1791 he served in the as
sembly of the state. He was again elect
ed governor in 1796, but declined to
serve. He died June 6. 1799, in Red Hill.
Va.
HENRY. PATRICK, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 12, 1843, in
Madison county. Miss. In 1861 he enlisted
in the confederate service in the sixth
Mississippi infantry regiment; served
through the war, and surrendered at
Greensboro, N. C., in 1865, as major of
the fourteenth Mississippi regiment. He
was a member of the Mississippi legisla
ture in 1878 and 1890, and delegate from
the state at large to the constitutional
convention in 1890. He was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
HENRY, ROBERT, educator, college
president, was born Dec. 6. 1792. in Char
leston. S. C. He became professor of
logic and moral philosophy in South
Carolina college in 1818, and afterward
of metaphysics and political philosophy.
He was president in 1834-35; accepted
the chair of metaphysics and belles-
lettres in 1839; and was again president
in 1842-45; also performing for a time
the duties of professor of Greek. He died
Feb. 6, 1856, in Columbia, S. C.
HENRY. ROBERT L.. lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 12, 1864, in Lin
den, Texas. He was elected mayor of
Texarkana, Texas, in 1890; and resigned
this position to accept that of first of
fice assistant attorney-general. He was
elected as a member of the fifty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
HENRY. ROBERT PRYOR, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 17, 1793, in
Henry Mills. Ky. In 1809 he served as
prosecuting attorney for his district. He
served in the war of 1812, as an aide-de
camp to his father, Maj.-Gen. William
Henry. He was a representative in con
gress from Kentucky from 1823 to 1827.
He died Aug. 25. 1826, in Hopkinsville,
Ky.
HENRY, MRS. SAREPTA M.. temper
ance reformer, author, poet, was born
Nov. 4, 1839, in Albion, Pa. She is a
temperance reformer of Evanston, 111.;
and the author of Victoria, with Other
Poems; After the Truth; The Voice of
the Home; Mabel's Work; Beforehand;
and One More Chance.
HENRY. THOMAS, congressman, was
born in 1785 in Ireland. He served in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1837
to 1843. He died Feb. 27, 1849, in Beaver
county. Pa.
HENRY. THOMAS CHARLTON. cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 22, 1790.
in Philadelphia. Pa. He was a presbyter-
ian clergyman of South Carolina; and the
author of Consistency of Popular Amuse
ments for Professing Christians; Moral
Etchings from the Religious World; and
Letters from an Anxious Believer. He
died Oct. 4. 1827. in Philadelphia. Pa.
HENRY, W. LAIRD, journalist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 20, 1864. in
Cambridge. He purchased an interest in
the Cambridge Chronicle, in Maryland,
and has been since engaged in editing
that journal. He never held any public
position until elected in 1894 to fill a
vacancy in the fifty-third congress.
HENRY, WILLIAM, merchant, con
gressman, was born in New Hampshire.
He was elected a representative in con
gress from Vermont from 1847 to 1853.
HENRY, WILLIAM, inventor, jurist, was
born May 19, 1729, in Chester county, Pa.
In 1758 he was commissioned justice of
the peace, and in 1760 visited England.
He was chosen to the assembly in 1776.
and the following year was elected treas
urer of Lancaster county. Pa. He died
Dec. 15, 1786, in Lancaster. Pa.
474
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HENRY, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in 1757. He was a delegate from
Pennsylvania to the continental congress
from 1784 to 1786. He died April 21,
1827, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HENRY, WILLIAM ARNON, educator,
author, was born June 16, 1850, in Nor-
walk, Ohio. In 1880 he was appointed
professor of botany and agriculture in the
university of Wisconsin; two years later
was elected professor of agriculture; and in
1891 was appointed dean of the College
of Agriculture. He is the author of Foods
and Feeding, a hand-book for the student
and stockman, which has had a wide cir
culation throughout the United States.
HENRY, WILLIAM SEATON, soldier,
author, was born in 1816 in Albany, N.
Y. He was an officer in the United States
army who published Campaign Sketches
of the War with Mexico. He died March
5, 1851, in New York city.
HENRY, WILLIAM WIRT, soldier, mer
chant, was born Nov. 21, 1831, in Water-
bury, Vt. He received the rudiments of
his education in the public schools of his
native city; and then attended the Peo
ple's academy of Morrisville, Vt. During
the war he served with distinction in the
union corps; and was rapidly promoted
to first lieutenant, major, lieutenant-colo
nel, colonel, brevet brigadier-general. He
has served as United States marshal; im
migrant inspector; and various other pub
lic positions of trust. He is a success
ful druggist of Burlington, Vt. ; and pres
ident of the Society of the Army of the
Potomac.
HENSEL, WILLIAM UHLER, journal
ist, author, was born in 1851 in Pennsyl
vania. He is a politician and journal
ist of Lancaster, Pa.; and the author of
Lives of T. A. Hendricks and Grover
Cleveland.
HENSHAW, DANIEL, lawyer and jour
nalist, was born May 9, 1782, in Leicester,
Mass. He gave up law in order to un
dertake the editorship of the Lynn Rec
ord, which he conducted till its discon
tinuance, a period of fourteen years, after
which he resided in Boston. He died
May 9, 1863, in Boston, Mass
HENSHAW, DAVID, druggist, author,
was born April 2, 1791, in Leicester, Mass.
For nine years he was collector of cus
toms for the port of Boston; and in
1843 was appointed secretary of the navy.
He wrote Letters on the Internal Im
provement and Commerce of the West.
He died Nov. 11, 1852, in Leicester, Mass.
HENSHAW, JOHN PRENTISS KEW-
LEY, bishop, author, was born June 13,
1792, in Middletown, Conn. He was the
first protestant episcopal bishop of Rhode
Island; and the author of Theology for
the People; Lessons in Elocution; On
Confirmation; and The Work of Christ's
Living Body. He died July 19, 1852, in
Frederick, Md.
HENSHAW, JOSHUA SIDNEY, lawyer,
author, was born Oct. 16, 1811, in Boston.
Mass. He was a lawyer in Utica from
1848, but previously an instructor in the
I'nited States navy. He was the author
of Incitements to Well Doing; Life of
Father Mathew; United States Manual
for Consuls; Around the World; and Phi
losophy of Human Progress. He died
April 29, 1859, in Utica, N. Y.
HENSLER, ELIZA, singer, was born
about 1835 in Boston, Mass. Her first ap
pearance was at the Academy of Music,
New York, at the age of fifteen. She
then went to Lisbon, and became a fa
vorite; and in 1869 married the ex-king
of Portugal, Ferdinand, Duke of Saxe-
Coburg-Gotha.
HENSLEY, JAMES L., soldier, physi
cian, lawyer, state legislator, was born
Jan. 24, 1833, in Rockingham county, Va.
During the war he served in the ninety-
sixth regiment West Virginia militia. In
1876 he was elected a member of the West
Virginia legislature. The following year
he moved to Marion, Ohio, and was subse
quently elected to the seventy-second
general assembly of Ohio; and acted as
chaplain of that body.
HENSLEY, WILLIAM N., lawyer, jur
ist, was born Dec. 18, 1846, in Woodford
county, Ky. He served two terms as city
attorney of Columbus, Neb.; two terms
as police judge; and for six years was
county judge of Platte county.
HENSON.. POINDEXTER SMITH, cler
gyman, journalist, was born Dec. 7, 1831,
in Fluvanna county, Va. In 1867 he be
came pastor of the Broad Street church
in Philadelphia, which he left in 1867, to
organize the Memorial church, where he
gathered the largest protestant congre
gation in that city. He is also editor of
the Baptist Teacher.
HENSZEY, SAMUEL A., railroad presi
dent, was born Feb. 16, 1854, in Philadel
phia, Pa. Since 1892 he has been presi
dent of the Raleigh and Western rail
way.
HENTZ, CAROLINA THERESE, au
thor, was born Nov. 22, 1835, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. She sent a series of letters from
California to the Southern Christian Ad
vocate in 1875, and has published many
tales and sketches in magazines.
HENTZ. MRS. CAROLINE LEE
LWHITING], author, was bornjune 1, 1800.
In Lancaster, Mass. She was a popular
southern writer of many sensational ro
mances of ephemeral interest. Among
them are, Lovell's Folly; Rena; The
Planter's Northern Bride; and Linda. She
died Feb. 11, 1856, in Marianna, Fla.
HENTZ, NICHOLAS MARCELLUS, ed
ucator, entomologist, was born July 25,
1797, in France. He was a French edu
cator well known as an entomologist. He
came to America in 1816, and taught in
the university of North Carolina and else
where in the south. He died Nov. 4.
1856, in Marianna, Fla.
HEPBURN, JAMES CURTIS, clergy
man, missionary, author, was born in 1815
in Milton, Pa. He is a missionary to
Japan of note as a lexicographer; and
the author of A Japanese and English
Dictionary; and A Japanese-English and
English-Japanese Dictionary, an abridge
ment of the earlier work.
HEPBURN, NEIL JAM1ESON, oculist
and aurist, author, was born Oct. 8, 1846,
in Scotland. He devotes his attention ex
clusively to diseases of the eye and ear;
has been inspector of the board of health
of Freehold, N. J. ; and lecturer on oph
thalmology at the New York polyclinic.
He is the author of Notes on Hypoder
mic Use of Cocaine; Therapeusis of
Glaucoma, and other works.
HKl'BURN, WILLIAM PETERS, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born Nov.
4, 1833, in Wellsville, Ohio. He was elect
ed prosecuting attorney of Marshall coun
ty in 1856; chief clerk of the state house
of representatives in 1858; and district
attorney of the eleventh judicial district
of Ohio in the same year. He entered the
Union army in 1861 as captain, and rose
to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was
a presidential elector in 1876; and was
elected a representative from Iowa to the
forty-seventh, forty-eighth, forty-ninth,
fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a republican.
HEPWORTH, GEORGE HUGHES, cler
gyman, journalist, author, was born Feb.
4, 1833, in Boston, Mass. He has been
a New York journalist since 1887 on the
editorial staff of the Herald. From 1855-
72 he was a Unitarian clergyman, but
subsequently entered the presbyterian
ministry. He is the author of Rocks and
Shoals; Brown Studies; Hiram Golf's Re
ligion; The Life Beyond; They Met in
Heaven; Herald Sermons; and Starboard
and Port, a summer's yacht cruise.
HERBERMANN, CHARLES GEORGE,
educator, author, was born Dec. 8, 1840, in
Munster, Wash. He has been a professor
of Latin in the College of the City of
New York since 1869; and the author of
Business Life in Ancient Rome.
HERBERT, HENRY WILLIAM, author,
poet, was born April 7, 1807, in London,
England. He was a versatile, gifted writ
er who came to America in 1831, and
lived near Newark, N. J. His writings in
historical fiction include Cromwell; Mar-
maduke Nyvil; The Puritans of New
England, issued later as The Puritan's
Daughter; The Fronde; Sherwood For
est. In history: Captains of the Old
World; Cavaliers of England; Knights of
England; Chevaliers of France; Persons
and Pictures from French and English
History; Captains of the Great Roman
Republic; Henry VIII. and his Six Wives.
His poems, edited by M. Herbert, appeared
in 1888. He died May 17, 1858, in New
York city.
HERBERT, HILARY ABNER, soldier,
lawyer, statesman, was born March 12,
1834, in Laurensville, S. C. He entered
the confederate army and rose to the rank
of colonel. He was elected a representa
tive from Alabama to the forty-fifth, for
ty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth, for
ty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, and fifty-
second congresses; and declined re-elec
tion. In 1893 he was appointed secretary
of the navy, serving until 1897.
HERBERT, JOHN C., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1815 to 1819; and a presi
dential elector in 1824.
HERBERT, JOHN FERDINAND, con
tractor, insurance, legislator, was born
Jan. 25, 1859, in New Orleans, La. He re
ceived his education at the St. Mary's
college of Opelousas, La. He has been a
successful contractor; and is now con
nected with the Mutual Life Insurance
company at Gretna, La. He has served
with distinction as a member of the
Louisiana state legislature, and filled va
rious other offices of trust.
HERBERT, MARINE LINCOLN, law
yer, was born Sept. 1, 1860, in Johnson
county, Ind. He received his education
in the public schools*
of his native county;
subsequently studied
law and wasadmitted
to the bar. He has
attained success as
an able lawyer of
Indiana, and has a
lucrative practice in
Edinburg. He has
been deputy prose
cuting attorney at
Hope, Bartholomew
county, Ind.; at
Greenwood in Johnson county; and for
several years past has been corporation
counsel and city attorney for Edinburg.
He has contributed numerous articles to
the periodical press and to law literature;
and takes a prominent part in the public
affairs of his county and state.
HKRR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
475
HERBERT. PAUL, soldier, governor,
was born in Louisiana. He was governor
of Louisiana from 1853 to 1858; and was
made brigadier-general in the southern
army in 1861.
HERBERT, PHILIP T., congressman,
was born in Alabama. He was a repre
sentative in congress from California from
1855 to 1857.
HEREFORD, PRANK, lawyer, con
gressman. United States senator, was born
July 4, 1825, in Fauquier county, Va. He
settled in West Virginia; and was elected
a representative from West Virginia to
the forty-second, forty-third, and forty-
fourth congresses. In 1876 he was elected
United States senator, for the term end
ing in 1881, to fill a vacancy.
HERING, CONSTANTIN. physician,
author, was born Jan. 1, 1800, in Saxony.
He was a German physician who came to
Philadelphia in 1833 and founded there
the first homoeopathic school in America.
Among his writings are, Rise and Pro
gress of Homoeopathy; Condensed Ma-
teria Medica; Effects of Snake Poison;
American Drug Provings; and Domestic
Physician. He died July 23, 1880, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
HERING, RUDOLPH, engineer, author,
was born in 1847, in Pennsylvania. He
is a civil engineer of prominence and an
authority upon sewerage and the water
supply of cities, upon which topics he has
written valuable reports.
HERKIMER, JOHN, jurist, congress
man, was born in 1773, in Herkimer coun
ty, N. Y. He was for many years a judge
of the circuit court; and was a represen
tative in congress from New York from
1817 to 1819, and again from 1823 to 1825.
He died June 8, 1845, in Danube, N. Y.
HERKIMER, NICHOLAS, soldier, was
born about 1715. He served with distinc
tion during the revolutionary war, and
attained the rank of brigadier-general.
He died Aug. 16, 1777, in Danube, N. Y.
HERMANN, BINGER, lawyer, banker,
congressman, was born Feb. 19, 1843, in
Lonaconing, Md. He was elected a rep
resentative in the Oregon state legisla
ture in 1866; and was state senator in
1868. In 1871 he was appointed United
States receiver of public moneys at Rose-
burg, Ore. In 1882 he was appointed judge
advocate of the state militia with the
rank of colonel. In 1884 he was elected
a representative from Oregon to the forty-
ninth congress; and was re-elected to the
fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third,
and fifty-fourth congresses as a republi
can.
HERNANDEZ, JOSEPH MARION, sol
dier, congressman, was born in St. Augus
tine, Fla. He was the first delegate to
congress from Florida; and subsequently
a leading member and presiding officer
of the territorial legislature. At the
breaking out of the Indian hostilities he
was made a brigadier-general in the
United States service. He died June 8,
1857, in Cuba.
HERNDON, MARY ELIZA, author,
poet, was born March 1, 1820, in Fayette
county, Ky. She published Louisa Elton,
a reply to Uncle Tom's Cabin; Bandits
of Italy; and also a volume of Select
Poems.
HERNDON, THOMAS H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born July 1, 1828,
in Hale county, Ala. He was elected a
representative in the state legislature in
1857 and 1858. He was a member of the
state secession convention of 1861; and
entered the confederate army and rose to
the rank of colonel. He was a member of
the state constitutional convention of
1875; and was again in the legislature in
1876 and 1877. He was elected a repre
sentative from Alabama to the forty-sixth
congress; and re-elected to the forty-
seventh and forty-eighth congresses as a
democrat. He died March 28, 1883, in
Mobile, Ala.
HERNDON, WILLIAM HENRY, law
yer, author, was born in 1818, in Ken
tucky. He was a lawyer of Springfield,
111., and a law partner of Abraham Lin
coln, of whom he published a Life in 1891.
He died in 1891.
HERNDON, WILLIAM LEWIS, naval
officer, author, was born Oct. 25, 1813, in
Fredericksburg, Va. He was a naval of
ficer sent by government to explore the
Amazon. The results of his expedition
are detailed in his Exploration of the Val
ley of the Amazon. He died Sept. 12, 1857;
lost at sea.
HERNDON, WILLIAM S., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Nov. 27, 1837,
in Rome, Ga. He removed with his father
to Texas in 1852; was
educated at McKen-
zie college, Texas;
studied law, and be
gan to practice in
1860. He enlisted in
the confederate army
in 1861, and remained
until the close of the
war. He was elected
to the forty-second
and forty-third con
gresses. He was a
member of several
important committees while in congress.
HERNE, JAMES A., actor, playwright,
was born Feb. 1, 1839, in West Troy, N. Y.
As a playwright his first play, Heart of
Oak, was produced in San Francisco in
1887. His other plays are, Minute Men;
Drifting Apart; and Shore Acres.
HEROD, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from In
diana from 1837 to 1839.
HERON, MATILDA, actress, was born
Dec. 1, 1830, in Ireland. She made her
first appearance at the Walnut Street the
ater in 1851, as Bianca in Dean Milman's
play of Fazio. She died March 7, 1877, in
New York city.
HERRICK, ANSON, journalist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 21, 1812, in Lew-
iston, Maine. He commenced the publi
cation of a weekly journal now called the
New York Atlas in 1853. He was ap
pointed naval storekeeper for New York,
which office he held until 1861. In 1862 he
was elected a representative from New
York to the thirty-eighth congress. He
died Feb. 5, 1868, in New York city.
HERRICK, MRS. CHRISTINE [TER-
HUNE], author, was born in 1859, in New
Jersey. She is a writer of New York city
who has written much upon housekeeping
themes; and is the author of Housekeep
ing Made Easy; The Chafing-Dish Sup
per; The Little Dinner; What to Eat,
How to Serve It; Cradle and Nursery;
and Liberal Living upon Narrow Means.
HERRICK, EBENEZER, state senator,
congressman, was born in Lincoln county,
Maine. In 1820 he held the office of sec
retary of the state senate; and was a rep
resentative in congress from Maine from
1821 to 1827. He was a state senator in
1828 and 1829. He died May 7, 1839, in
Lewiston, Maine.
HERRICK, EDWARD CLAUDIUS, sci
entist, author, was born Feb. 24, 1811, in
New Haven, Conn. He published papers
on entomological subjects, one of which,
treating of the Hessian fly and its para
sites, was the fruit of nine years of pa
tient investigation. He died June 11, 1862,
in New Haven, Conn.
HERRICK, JOHN RUSSELL, clergy
man, author, was born May 12, 1822, in
Milton, Vt. He is a congregational clergy
man, president of Dakota university since
1883; and the author of Lectures on Posi
tivism.
HERRICK, JOSHUA, congressman, was
born in 1794, in Beverly, Mass. He was
a representative in congress from Maine
from 1843 to 1845; and in 1856 was regis
ter of probate for York county, state of
Maine. He died Aug. 30, 1874, in Alfred,
Maine.
HERRICK, RICHARD P., congressman,
was born in 1791, in Rensselaer county.
N. Y. He was a member of congress from
New York from 1845 to the time of his
death. He died June 22, 1846, in Wash
ington, D. C.
HERRICK, ROBERT, educator, author,
was born in 1868, in Massachusetts. He
is an assistant professor of rhetoric at the
university of Chicago; and the author of
The Man who Wins, a novel.
HERRICK, SAMUEL, lawyer, congress
man, was born April 14, 1779, in Dutchess
county, N. Y. He moved to Zanesville,
Ohio; and was prosecuting attorney for
the county; and soon after that was ap
pointed United States district attorney for
Ohio. In 1812 he was appointed one of
a board of commissioners for settling the
northwestern boundary line; and in the
autumn of that year succeeded Lewis Cass
as prosecuting attorney for Muskingum
county. In 1814 he was appointed to the
same office in Licking county. He was a
representative in congress from Ohio from
1817 to 1821. In 1829 he was appointed
United States district attorney for Ohio.
He died in December, 1851.
HERRICK, SAMUEL EDWARD, cler
gyman, author, was born April 6, 1841, in
Southampton, R. I. He is a congregation
al clergyman of Boston; and the author
of Some Heretics of Yesterday.
HERRICK, MRS. SOPHIE McILVAINE
[BLEDSOE], author, was born March 26,
1837, in Gambler, Ohio. She is a New York
writer on The Century staff, and well
known as a microscopist. She is the au
thor of Wonders of Plant Life; Chapters
in Plant Life; and The Earth in Past
Ages.
HERRICK, STEPHEN SOLON, physi
cian, surgeon, journalist, author, was born
Dec. 11, 1833, in West Randolph; Vt. He
served as assistant surgeon in the confed
erate army in 1862-63, and afterward in
the navy of the confederacy until the end
of the war. He has contributed to the
medical journals of New Orleans, Louis
ville, Philadelphia, and New York; and in
1869 received a prize from the American
Medical association for an essay on Qui
nine.
HERRIED, CHARLES N., lawyer, lieu
tenant-governor, was born Oct. 20, 1857,
in Wisconsin. He moved to South Dakota
in 1883; has been register of deeds and
county judge of McPherson county. He-
was first elected lieutenant-governor in
1892; and re-elected in 1894.
HERRING, ELBERT, lawyer, jurist,
was born July 8, 1777, in Stratford, Conn.
He was judge of the marine court of New
York city from its establishment in 1805
till 1808, and a few years later was re-
appointed. He was the first register of
the state of New York in 1812, an office
which he held for five years. In 1832 he
was appointed the first commissioner of
Indian affairs. He died Feb. 20, 1876, in.
New York city.
476
KUI:IN<;SH.\WS KNCYCI.Dl'KKLA OK AMKK1CAN HKKJKAI'HY.
HERRINGSHAW. THOMAS WILLIAM,
journalist, publisher, genealogist, author,
was born Jan. 27. 1858. on the eastern
coast of Lincolnshire. England. He re
ceived his education in the national
schools, at the Chicago athenaeum, and the
Chicago Union College of Law: and dur
ing 1875-79 he followed his trade of print
er in New York. Philadelphia, and Chica
go. In 1879 he founded the Farm. Field
and Fireside, of which he was editor and
sole proprietor; and when the Farm.
Field and Fireside Publishing company
was incorporated in 1880 he was made
president. Having disposed of his inter
ests in the above publication, he estab
lished a printing office in Chicago; and
in 1884 founded the American Publishers'
Association, of which he has always been
president. In 1880 he married Mary I. hum
.lones of Lake county. 111., and they have
a family of three sons. He is the author
of Home Occupations; Prominent Men
and Women of the Day; Aids to Literary
Success; and Mulierology ; and he has
edited and compiled a score of works, the
most notable of which are Poets of Amer
ica; Poetical Quotations: The Spalding
Memorial: and Herringshaw's Encyclo
pedia of American Biography.
HERRON. FRANCIS J.. merchant, sol
dier, was born Feb. 17, 1837, in Pitts-
burg, Pa. In 1856 he moved to Dulmque.
Iowa, where he en
gaged in mercantile
pursuits. In 1861 he
organized and com
manded the Governor
C5 ray's; and served in
the first and second
Iowa regiments. He
entered as a captain
and attained the rank
of major-general of
volunteers. He took
part in a score of
battles and numer
ous skirmishes: and is prominently iden
tified with the Grand Army of the Repub
lic of Iowa and the I'nited States. He has
also contributed valuable articles to cur
rent publications.
HERRON, GEORGE DAVIS, clergyman,
author, was born in 1862, in Indiana. He
is a congregational clergyman of Iowa:
since 1893pn,fessor of applied Christianity
in Iowa college: and very prominent as a
writer and lecturer upon Christian So
cialism. He is the author of The Chris
tian Society; The Call of the Cross: The
Larger Christ; The Message of Jesus to
Men of Wraith; The Christian State; and
Social Meanings of Religious Experiences.
HERRON. JOSEPH D.. clergyman, poet,
was horn Nov. 4. 1853. in Kirtland. Ohio.
He received a liberal education and stud
ied theology in the
leading seminaries in
^|^ America. He has
filled but two posi-
\-» ^1 linns in fifteen years
of his ministry — as-
^* £L ^J sistant minister in
^•^jfl T Trinity parish o f
A New York city; and
^p^^^^^ rector of Trinity
^•1 ^B^H R church of New Cas-
: I tie. Pa., in which lat-
^^^H^^^^^^H ter church he is still
pastor. Since h i s
youth he has had a great love for music,
and has set many of his poems to music,
some of which have been rendered by
choruses of children in New York city
and other cities. He is the author of a
number of poems of rare merit, which
have been Included In Poets of America,
iind various other national collections.
HERSEY. SAMUEL F.. merchant,
banker, state legislator, congressman,
was born April 12. 1812. in Sumner. Maine.
He was a member of the legislature of
Maine in 1842. 1857, 18K5. 1867. and 1869;
and of the executive council in 1851 and
1852. He was elected to the forty-third
and forty-fourth congresses. He died Feb.
3. 1875. in Bangor.
HERVEY. DWIGHT B.. clergyman, col
lege president, was born June 4. 1834. in
Martinsburg. Ohio. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the public
.schools and graduated from the Jefferson
college of Pennsylvania. He is a success
ful clergyman of the presbyterian church;
has filled pastorates in Mount Vernon.
Ohio, for twelve years: in Granville for
six years; and for twelve years was
president of the Granville Female acad
emy. He now fills a pastorate in Edin-
boro. Pa.
HERVEY. ROBERT G., was born May
16. 1839. in Brockville. Canada. In the fall
of 1874 he consolidated three railways
under the name of the Illinois Midland
railway, in which he still retains a large
interest. He established the Decatur Na
tional bank, at Decatur, of which he was
for a long time president and principal
owner.
HESS. GEORGE, sculptor, was born in
1832, in Germany. His bust of Mme.
Janauschek is well known. His other
works include Echo; Th( Water-Lily;
and two humorous pieces called Gold t'p
and Gold Down.
HESS. JASPER N.. financier, business
man, was born Aug. 15, 1844, in Goshen,
Ind. He received the rudiments of his
education in the schools of his native
city, and graduated from the Eastman
college. He is an expert accountant; a
trustee of the Union Christian college of
Merom, Ind.; and has filled various po
sitions of honor. He is now the manager
of the East Chicago Hardware company.
HESSELTINE, E. ADELBERT, lawyer,
jurist, was born June 25, 1860, in Kansas.
He has been postmaster of Wilbur, Wash.;
justice of the peace; city attorney, and
police judge; and takes an active part in
public affairs.
HETH. HENRY, soldier, was horn in
1825, in Virginia. He served in the civil
war, and for gallant and meritorious con
duct received the rank of brigadier-gen
eral.
HETH. WILLIAM, soldier, was born in
1735, in Virginia. At the beginning of the
revolution he joined the continental
army; in 1777 was commissioned lieu
tenant-colonel of the third Virginia regi
ment, and was in command till the end of
the war. He died April 15. 1808. in Rich
mond, Va.
HEUSTIS, JABEZ WIGGINS, physician,
author, was born in 1784, in St. John, N.
B. He became surgeon in the United
States army and served throughout the
southern campaigns. His publications are
Physical Observations and Medical Tracts
and Researches on the Topography and
Diseases of Louisiana; Medical Facts
and Inquiries respecting the Causes, Na
ture, Prevention, and Cure of Fever; and
the Bilious Remittent Fever of Alabama.
He died in 1841, in Talladega Springs. Ala.
HEUSTIS, JAMES FOUNTAIN, physi
cian, educator, was born Nov. 15, 1829. in
Cahawba. Ala. He was elected professor
of anatomy in the Alabama Medical col
lege in 1859, served as surgeon in the
confederate army throughout the civil
war, and since 1875 has been professor of
surgery in Alabama Medical college.
HEWES, GEORGE ROBERT
TWELVES, one of the Boston tea party,
was born Nov. 5, 1751, in Boston. Mass.
He took an active part in the destruc
tion of the tea in December, 1773. and
is probably the only man who ever
confessed to a share in this transaction.
He died Nov. 5, 1840, in Richfield, N. Y.
HEWES. JOSEPH, signer of the declar
ation of independence, was born in 1730.
in Kingston, N. J. He served in the as
sembly of the province; was a delegate
from North Carolina to the continental
'congress from 1774 to 1777. and again in
1779; and signed the declaration of in
dependence. He was de facto the first
secretary of the navy. He died Nov. 10.
1779, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HEWETT, EDWIN CRAWFORD, jour
nalist, educator, college president, author,
was born Nov. 1. 1828, in Sutton. Mass.
He was professor in the Illinois State
Normal university during 1858-76. and
president of that institution during 1876^
90. He is now the associate editor of
The Public School Journal of Normal, 111.:
and the author of Pedagogy: Psychology;
and a series of Arithmetics.
HEWETT. SEMUN R., physician, sur
geon, was born July 22, 1839. in Middle-
bury, N. Y. In 1864-65 he was interne at
the Chicago Eye and Ear infirmary; and
for many years local surgeon of the Chi
cago. Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad
company. He is one of the foremost
physicians and surgeons of Iowa: and has
a large practice in Charles City; is prom
inent in several fraternal orders: and is a
member of the leading medical bodies in
America.
HEWETT. SUMNER B., legislator, ju
rist, was born June 22, 1833, in North-
bridge. Mass." He was principally edu
cated at the East
1 Douglass academy;
became a school
teacher: clerked in
_f a store; and subse
quently an account-
fif fll ant in Boston. In
1 1854 he married and
moved to Wright
county. Iowa, and
there established the
Eagle Grove farm:
and Judge Hewetl
was the real founder
and principal owner of the beautiful cjty
of Eagle Grove. In 1861 he was appointed
judge of the county court; received the
re-election; and in 1862 was appointed
collector of internal revenue. In 1871
he was elected to the general assembly
of the state of Iowa: and the session
following was made chairman of the
agricultural college committee, and also
H member of several other important com-
mittets. For ten years he was a mem
ber of the board of directors of the Iowa
State Agricultural society. For twenty
years his wife had charge of the postofflce.
He has been prominently identified with
the growth and prosperity of Iowa, and
is one of the representative men of that
state. Judge Hewett spends his winters
in California; and has a beautiful resi
dence and home in Santa Barbara, where
he is very popular.
HEWETT. WATERMAN THOMAS,
educator, author, was born Jan. 10, 1846.
in Miami, Mo. He is an educator who
has held the chair of German literature at
Cornell university since 1883; and is the
author of The Frisian Language and Lit
erature; Aims and Efforts of Collegiate
Study of Modern Languages; and Mutual
Relations of High Schools and Colleges.
^
KHUIXCSilAWS KNl'YC'LOI'KIMA OK A M Kill! 'A1S Ul< >< I U A I'M Y .
477
HEVV1T. HENRY STEWART, soldier,
surgeon, was born Dec. 26, 1825. in Fair-
field, Conn. In 1861 he entered the army
as brigade-surgeon of volunteers, and
was bre vetted colonel in March, 1865, for
gallant conduct during the war. He died
Aug. 19, 1873, in New York city.
HEWIT, NATHANIEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 28. 1788, in New Lon
don, Conn. For many years he was en
gaged in educational work, and subse
quently filled pastorates in the congrega
tional church. He was one of the found
ers of the Hartford Theological institute.
He died Feb. 3, 1867. in Bridgeport, Conn.
HEWIT, NATHANIEL AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 27, 1820.
in Fail-field, Conn. He is a Roman catho
lic clergyman who. previous to 1846, was
successively a congregational and episco
pal clergyman. In 1858 he entered the
Paulist order, taking the name of Augus
tine Francis, and since 1865 has been a
professor in the Paulist seminary. He is
the author of Reasons for Submitting to
the Catholic Church; Life of Princess
Borghese; Life of a Modern Martyr, —
Dumoulin-Borie; Problems of the Age;
The King's Highway; and Light in Dark
ness.
HEWITT, ABRAM STEVENS, manu
facturer, congressman, was born July 30,
1822, in Rockland county, N. Y. In 1859
he organized the Cooper Union for the
Advancement of Science and Art, which
has been eminently successful. In 1874
he was elected a representative to the for
ty-fourth congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-fifth, forty-seventh, forty-
eighth, and forty-ninth congresses. In
1886 he was elected mayor of New York
city; and resigned his seat in congress to
accept that position.
HEWITT, ALEXANDER.' farmer, state
senator, was born March 25. 1818, in Edin-
burg, N. Y. In 1884 he settled on a farm
near Hillsdale, Mich. He was president of
the Hillsdale County Agricultural society
for two years; and in 1879 served with
distinction as a member of the Michigan
state senate. He died July 18. 1895, in
Hillsdale, Mich.
HEWITT, C. C.. lawyer, jurist, was born
in New York. He was appointed chief
justice of the United States court for that
district, residing at Vancouver.
HEWITT, CHARLES NATHANIEL,
physician, educator, was born June 3,
1836, in Vergennes, Vt. He entered the
United States army as assistant surgeon
of the fiftieth New York regiment, and
rose to the rank of brigade surgeon. After
the war he removed to Red Wing, Minn.,
where he is professor of public health in
the university of Minnesota.
HEWITT, EDWARD CRAWFORD, edu
cator, author, was born Nov. 7, 1828, in
Sutton, Mass. He is an educator of Illi
nois, president of the State Normal uni
versity since 1876; and author of Peda
gogy for Young Teachers.
HEWITT. MRS. EMMA [CHURCH
MAN], author, was born Feb. 1, 1850, in
New Orleans, La. She is a writer of Phil
adelphia; and the author of Ease in Con
versation; Hints to Ballad Singers; and
Queens of Home, a book for the house
hold.
HEWITT, GOLDSMITH W., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Feb. 14,
1834, in Jefferson county, Ala. In 1870
he was elected to the state legislature; and
in 1872 was made state senator, and served
two sessions. He was elected to the forty-
fourth, forty-fifth, forty-se\enth, and for
ty-eighth congresses.
HEWITT. HENRY, JR.. lumberman,
was born Oct. 22, 1840. in England. He
is president of the Wilkeson Coal and
Coke company of Tacoma. The latest,
perhaps his most important work, has
been the founding of the manufacturing
town of Everett on Puget sound, at the
mouth of the Snohomish river.
HEWITT, JOHN HILL, author, poet,
was born in 1801, in New York. He was a
Baltimore author, once a rival of Poe. He
wrote many ballads, among which is The
Minstrel's Return from the War; The
Governess, a comedy; Washington, a play;
and Shadows on the Wall, a collection of
reminiscences.
HEWITT, MARY ELIZABETH, author,
poet, was born in 1818. in Maiden. Mass.
She has attained national reputation as
a successful poet. She is the wife of Mr.
Stebbins of New York city.
HEWSON, ADDINELL. physician, au
thor, was born Nov. 22, 1828, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was visiting surgeon to the
Episcopal hospital in 1852-53, from 1853
till 1876 physician to Wills hospital, and
since 1861 has filled that office in the
Pennsylvania hospital. He has edited
several medical works.
HEYWARD. THOMAS, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born in
1746. in Parish of St. Luke, S. C. He was
elected to the assembly in North Carolina;
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1776 to 1798, and signed the declara
tion of independence and articles of con
federation. He was subsequently a judge
of the civil and criminal courts of the
state. He died March 6, 1809, in St. Luke's
Parish. S. C.
HEYWARD, WILLIAM, JR., congress
man. He was a representative in congress
from Maryland from 1823 to 1825.
HEYWARD, WILLIAM NATHANIEL,
soldier, lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born
Aug. 26, 1841, in Grahamville, S. C. After
receiving his education in the common
schools of his county, he attended the
South Carolina Military academy during
1857-60. During the war he was captain
of infantry in the confederate service. He
attained eminence as an able lawyer;
served as judge of the inferior court of
South Carolina; served with distinction
as a member of the general assembly of
South Carolina; and was for many years
United States commissioner of the circuit
court.
HEYWOOD. JOHN HEALY. clergyman,
journalist, was born March 30, 1818, in
Worcester, Mass. He was two years edi
tor of the Louisville Examiner, and a
writer for the Christian Register, Uni
tarian Review, and other periodicals. He
continued his pastorate in Louisville for
over forty years, the oldest ministerial
charge in the city.
HIBBARD. CHARLES BENJAMIN,
railroad president, was born March 31.
1858, in Canada. Since 1895 he has been
president of the Northern New York rail
road.
HIBBARD. ELLERY ALBEE, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born July 31,
1826, in St. Johnsbury, Vt. He was clerk
of the state house of representatives in
1852, 1853, and 1854; and was a member of
the state legislature in 1865 and 1866. He
was elected to the forty-second congress;
at the close of his term in congress was
appointed a judge of the supreme court of
New Hampshire, and served as such until
1874.
HIBBARD, FREEBORN GARRETSON,
clergyman, author, was born Feb. 22, 1811.
in New Rochelle, N. Y. He is a metho-
dist clergyman of western New York; an:l
the author of Christian Baptism; Geog
raphy and History of Palestine; The
Religion of Childhood; Life of L. L. Ham-
line; Eschatology; and Commentary on
the Psalms.
HIBBARD. GEORGE ABIAH, author,
was born in 1858, in New York. He is a
Buffalo writer of short stories, notable
for excellence of workmanship; and the
author of Iduna. and Other Stories; Now
adays, and Other Stories; and The Gov
ernor, and Other Stories.
HIBBARD. HARRY, state senator, con
gressman, was born June 1, 1816, in Con
cord, N. H. He was assistant clerk of the
New Hampshire house of representatives
in 1839; clerk of the same from 1840 to
1843; and speaker of the house in 1844
and 1845; in the state senate from 1846 to
1849; officiated two years as president.
He was a representath e in congress from
New Hampshire from 1849 to 1855. He
died July 27, 1872, in Somersville.
HIBBERD. JAMES FARQUHAR, physi
cian, legislator, was born Nov. 4, 1816.
near New Market, Md. He has served as a
member of the Ohio state legislature.
HIBSHMAN. JACOB, congressman, was.
born in Lancaster, Pa. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1819 to 1821.
HICKCOX. JOHN HOWARD, librarian,
author, was born Aug. 10, 1832, in Albany,
N. Y. He has contributed to periodicals,
and published An Historical Account of
American Coinage; History of the Bills of
Credit, or Paper Money, issued by New
York from 1709 to 1789; Bibliography of
the Writings of Dr. Franklin B. Hough;
and Catalogue of United States Govern
ment Publications.
HICKENLOOPEN, ANDREW, soldier,
civil engineer, lieutenant governor, was
born Aug. 10, 1837, in Hudson, Ohio. He
was brigadier-general of the United States
volunteers; has served as United States
marshal for the southern district of Ohio;
and as lieutenant governor of the state of
Ohio. He has been city civil engineer of
Cincinnati. Ohio; and is now president
of the Cincinnati Gas Light and Coke
company.
HICKLEY, ARTHUR SAMUEL, invent
or, was born Aug. 13, 1852, in England.
He is the inventor of the most improved
flexible arm for suspending a trolley wire.
He is president of the Hickley Launch and
Electrical Manufacturing company at As-
bury Park, N. J.
HICKMAN. JOHN, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Sept. 11.
1810. in Chester county, Pa. In 1845 he
was appointed district attorney for Ches
ter county, holding the office fifteen
months. In 1854 he was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
fourth congress; and was re-elected to
the thirty-fifth, thirty-sixth, and thirty-
seventh congresses. In 1867 he was a mem
ber of the Pennsylvania legislature. He
died March 23. 1875, in Westchester, Pa.
HICKMAN, JOSEPH H., banker, finan
cier, was born Nov. 4, 1849, in Bohemia.
He received a thorough education, and
graduated from the state university of
Princeton, N. J. He is a successful banker
and broker of Kirksville, Mo.; and has
taken an active part in the business and
public affairs of his city, county and state.
HICKMAN, WILLIAM, clergyman, was
born Feb. 4, 1747, in King and Queen
county, Va. He was licensed to preach
in 1776, and in 1784 settled in Fayette
county, Ky., and founded many churches
in Kentucky. He died in 1830, in Ken
tucky.
478
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HICKOK, LAURENS PERSEUS, educa
tor clergyman, college president, author,
was born Dec. 29, 1798, in Danbury, Conn.
He was a congregational clergyman who
held several college professorships, and
was president of Union college in 1866-68.
He subsequently lived at Amherst. He was
the author of Logic of Reason; Moral
Science; Empirical Psychology; Rational
Psychology; Rational Cosmology; Crea
tor and Creation; and Humanity Immor
tal. He died May 6, 1888, in Amherst,
Mass.
HICKOX JOHN HOWARD, librarian,
author, was born in 1832, in New York.
He was the state librarian of New York
in 1848-63, and subsequently employed in
the congressional library. He is the au
thor of Historical Account of American
Coinage; History of New York Paper
Money; and Catalogue of United States
Government Publications.
HICKS, ELIAS, controversialist, author,
was born March 19, 1748, in Hempstead,
N. Y. He was a famous Quaker contro
versialist, and founder of the sect known
as Hicksite Quakers. He was an early
and very active opponent of slavery. He
was the author of Observations on Sla
very; Journal of Life and Religious La
bors of Ellas Hicks; and Doctrinal Epis
tle. He died Feb. 27, 1830, in Jericho,
N. Y.
HICKS, GWIN, journalist, public official,
was born Oct. 28, 1855, near Olympia,
Wash. He received the rudiments of his
education in the pub
lic schools; and
graduated from the
university of Califor
nia. He learned the
printer's trade in his
father's office; and
subsequently filled
the editorial chair on
various publications
in his state. He has
been internal revenue
collector; and was
commissioned lieu
tenant-colonel by Governor Semple. He
was elected to the state constitutional
convention of Washington; was the au
thor and promoter of the present primary
election law of that state; and in 1897
was elected state printer.
HICKS, HENRY GEORGE, soldier, law
yer jurist, state legislator, was born Jan.
26, 1838, in Varysburg, N. Y. In 1861 he
enlisted as a private in company A, second
Illinois regiment, and attained the rank of
sergeant-major, and adjutant of the regi
ment. He was elected to the Minnesota
state legislature in 1877, serving four con
secutive terms. In 1887 he was appointed
judge of the fourth district, and served
until 1895. In 1897-98 he again served
with distinction in the state legislature.
HICKS, JOSIAH D., soldier, lawyer, leg
islator, was born Aug. 1, 1844, in Chester
county, Pa. During the war he served as
a private in the Pennsylvania volunteer
infantry. He has always been an active re
publican; served his party as county
chairman and also as a member of the
state committee. In 1880 he was elected
district attorney of Blair county; and in
1883 was accorded a unanimous renomina-
tlon and was re-elected. In 1884 he formed
a law partnership in Altoona with his
former preceptor, Hon. Daniel J. Neff;
this partnership continues at the present
time under the firm name of Neff, Hicks
and Geesey. He was elected to the fifty-
third and re-elected to the fifty-fourth and
fifty-fifth congresses as a republican.
HICKS, THOMAS, artist, was born Oct.
18, 1823, in Newton, Pa. Among his port
raits is' that of Dr. Kane in the Cabin of
The Advance, and a large picture of The
Contemporaneous Authors of America, in
which the figures are of life-size.
HICKS, THOMAS HOLLIDAY, mer
chant, governor, United States senator,
was born Sept. 2, 1798, in Dorchester
county, Mass. In 1836 he was a presi
dential elector; was also a member of the
governor's council; and in 1838 was ap
pointed register of wills. He frequently
served in the legislature of the state; was
governor from 1858 to 1862; and was ap
pointed a senator in congress to fill a
vacancy. He died Feb. 13, 1865, in Wash
ington city.
HICKS, WHITEHEAD, lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 24, 1728, in Flushing, L. I.
He was clerk of Queens county from 1752
till 1757; mayor of New York city from
1766 till 1776; and judge of the New York
supreme court from 1776 till his death.
He died in October, 1780, in Flushing, L. I.
HIESTAND, JOHN A., lawyer, journal
ist, state senator, congressman, was born
Oct. 2, 1824, in Lancaster county, Pa. He
was elected to the state house of repre
sentatives of Pennsylvania as a whig in
1852, 1853, and 1856. He was elected a
state senator in 1860, for a term of three
years; was a presidential elector in 1864,
and was appointed by the electoral col
lege the messenger to carry the vote to
Washington. In 1884 he was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-ninth congress; and was re-elected
to the fiftieth congress as a republican.
HIESTER, DANIEL, congressman, was
born in Berks county, Pa. He was a rep
resentative in congress from 1809 till 1811.
HIESTER, DANIEL, soldier, merchant,
congressman, was born June 25, 1747, in
Bern township, Pa. He was a member of
congress from 1789 till 1796, when he re
signed and removed to Hagerstown, Md.
In 1801 he was again elected to congress.
He died March 7, 1804, in Washington,
D. C.
HIESTER, ISAAC ELLMAKER, lawyer,
congressman, was born about 1820, in Lan
caster county, Pa. He was a member of
the thirty-third congress, in which he ex
pressed opinions upon the slavery ques
tion not in harmony with those of his
constituency, and at the next election was
defeated. He died Feb. 6, 1871, in Lan
caster.
HIESTER, JOHN, congressman, was
born April 9, 1746, in Bern, Pa. He
served in congress from 1807 till 1809. He
died Oct. 15, 1821.
HIESTER, JOSEPH, soldier, state sena
tor, congressman, governor, was born
Nov. 18, 1752, in Bern township. He was
promoted colonel, was captured and con
fined in the Jersey prison-ship. He was
a member of the constitutional conven
tion of 1776; and of the state constitu
tional convention of 1790, and served five
years in the house and four in the senate
of Pennsylvania. In 1807 he was ap
pointed one of the two major-generals to
command the quota of Pennsylvania mili
tia that was called for by the president.
He served in congress from 1797 till 1805,
and again from 1815 till 1820, when he
resigned. He was governor of Pennsyl
vania from 1821 till 1823. He died June
10, 1832, in Reading, Pa.
HIESTER, WILLIAM, farmer, con
gressman, was born in Bern, Pa. He
was elected to congress as a whig in
1831, serving until 1837, in which year he
was a delegate to the state constitutional
convention. He died Oct. 14. 1853. in Lan
caster county.
HIGBEE, ELNATHAN ELISHA, edu
cator, college president, author, was born
March 27, 1830, in Saint George, Vt. In
1871 he was made president of Mercers-
burg college, and in 1881 appointed super
intendent of public instruction for Penn
sylvania.
HIGBY, WILLIAM, lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Aug. 18, 1813,
in Essex county, N. Y. He was district
attorney of Calaveras county, Cal., from
1853 to 1859; and in 1862 was a member
of the state senate. In 1863 he was elected
a representative from California to the
thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth, and fortieth
congresses.
HIGGINS, ANTHONY, lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Oct. 1, 1840, in New Castle
county, Del. He attended the Newark
academy, Delaware
college, Yale college,
and the Harvard Law
school. In 1864 he was
appointed deputy at
torney-general; was
United States attor
ney for Delaware
from 1869 until 1876;
was chairman of the
republican state com
mittee in 1868; and
received the votes of
the republican mem
bers of the legislature for the United
States senate in 1881. He was republican
candidate for congress in 1884, and was
elected to the United States senate as a
republican, and took his seat March 4,
1889. His term of service expired March
3, 1895.
HIGGINS, JAMES WALLACE, physl
cian, surgeon, was born March 31, 1845.
in Chittenden county, Vt. He graduated
in medicine from the
college of Physicians
and Surgeons of Keo-
kuk, Iowa. He has
attained success as a
prominent physician
and surgeon of Lau-
rens, Iowa, where
he always has been
prominently identi
fied with the public
affairs of his county
and state. He has
been chief medical
examiner of the Equitable Life Assurance
society of the United States; a member
of the Northwestern Medical association
of Iowa; and health physician of his city.
HIGGINS, RICHARD THOMAS, physi
cian, banker, state legislator, was born
June 9, 1842, in Beardstown, 111. For
nearly two years he was acting assistant
surgeon of the United States army; and
has served as United States pension sur
geon. He was a member of the thirty-
eighth general assembly of the Illinois
house of representatives; and since 1875
has been president of the Farmers' and
Merchants' National bank of Vandalia,
111.
HIGGINSON, MRS. ELLA [RHOADS],
druggist, author, poet, was born in 1862.
in Kansas. She is a druggist of NewWhat-
com, Wash., who has written poetry of a
popular character, and The Flower that
Grew in the Sand, and Other Stories.
HIGGINSON, FRANCIS, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1588, in England. He
was a puritan clergyman of Salem who
emigrated to America in 1629; and the
author of True Relation of the Last Voy
age to New England; and New England's
Plantation. He died Aug. 6. 1630, in Salem.
Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
479
HIGGINSON, FRANCIS JOHN, naval
•officer, was born July 19, 1843, in Boston,
Mass. He became a lieutenant in 1862,
lieutenant-commander in 1866, and com
mander in 1876, and in 1887 was in charge
of the torpedo station at Newport, R. I.
HIGGINSON, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 6, 1616, in England. He
was a congregational clergyman of Sa
lem, from 1659 till his death in charge
•of the church founded by his father, and
widely popular in New England. He was
the author of The Cause of God and His
People in New England; and Attestation
to Cotton Mather's Magnalia. He died
Dec. 9, 1708, in Salem, Mass.
HIGGINSON, MRS. MARY POTTER
LTHACHER], author, was born in 1844 in
Maine. She is the author of Seashore
and Prairie, stories and sketches.
HIGGINSON, MRS. SARAH JANE
JHATFIELD], author, was born in 1840
in Pennsylvania. She is a writer of New
York city; and the author of A Princess
of Java, a tale of the Far East; Java: the
Pearl of the East; and The Bedouin Girl.
HIGGINSON, STEPHEN, congressman.
He was a delegate from Massachusetts to
the continental congress in 1782 and 1783.
HIGGINSON, STEPHEN, merchant, au
thor, was born Nov. 28, 1743, in Salem,
Mass. He was a merchant of Boston of
note in his day as a political writer; and
the author of Essays by Laco, reprinted
as Ten Chapters in the Life of John
Hancock; and Defense of Jay's Treaty.
He died Nov. 22, 1828, in Boston, Mass.
HIGGINSON, STEPHEN, merchant, phi
lanthropist, was born Nov. 20, 1770, in
Salem, Mass. He became a merchant and
philanthropist in Boston, and was known
as the Man of Ross of his day. He died
Feb. 20, 1834, in Cambridge. Mass.
HIGGINSON, THOMAS WENTWORTH,
soldier, clergyman, author, poet, was born
Dec. 22, 1823, in Cambridge, Mass. He is
an essayist and litterateur of Cambridge.
During the civil war he commanded a reg
iment of freedmen. His writings include,
The Birthday in Fairy Land; Woman and
her Wishes; Out-Door Papers; a trans
lation of Epictetus; Malbone, a romance;
Army Life in a Black Regiment; Atlan
tic Essays; Sympathy of Religions; Old-
port Days; Young Folks' History of the
United States; Young Folks' Book of
American Explorers; Short Studies of
American Authors; Common Sense about
Women; Life of Margaret Fuller; Larger
History of the United States; Travelers
and Outlaws; Women and Men; The Aft
ernoon Landscape, a collection of po
ems; Life of Francis Higginson; The
New World and the New Book; Concern
ing All of Us; Such as They Are; The
Monarch of Dreams; Hints on Writing
and Speech-Making; Cheerful Yesterdays;
English History for Americans; and Book
and Heart.
HIGINBOTHAM, HARLOW N., soldier,
merchant, was born in 1813 near Joliet,
111. In August, 1862, Mr. Higinbotham
accompanied the Mercantile battery to the
front, and, being detailed for special serv
ice, became chief clerk for the chief quar
termaster, United States volunteers, de
partment of the Ohio, and served in West
Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee.
As president, Mr. Higinbotham adminis
tered the affairs of the exposition until
the end. In 1878 Field, Leiter and Com
pany made him a partner, and on the re
tirement of Mr. Leiter he became one of
the new firm of Marshall Field and Com
pany.
HIGLEY, WARREN, educator, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 1, 1833, near Au
burn, N. Y. For a number of years he
taught school; and
in 1862 graduated
from Hamilton col
lege. He subsequent
ly Decame secretary
of the board of edu
cation of Auburn:
was principal of the
high school; and su
perintendent of pub
lic schools. In 1874
he was admitted to
the bar in Cincin
nati; and in 1881 was
elected judge of the city court. He was a
founder of the Ohio State Forestry asso
ciation, and was its president until his
removal to New York city in 1884.
HILBORN, SAMUEL GREELEY, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 9, 1834,
in Minot, Maine. He served in the Cali
fornia state senate from 1875 to 1879;
and was appointed United States district
attorney for the district of California in
1883. He was elected to the fifty-second
congress as a republican, to fill the unex-
pired term of Hon. Joseph McKenna, ap
pointed United States circuit judge, and
was elected to the fifty-third congress. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
HILDEBURN, CHARLES SWIFT
RICHE, librarian, author, was born Aug.
14, 1855, in Philadelphia, Pa. He has
been the librarian of the Philadelphia
Athenaeum since 1876; and is the author
of A Century of Printing, or the Issues of
the Press in Pennsylvania, 1685-1784; and
Printers and Printing in Colonial New
York.
HILDEBURN, MRS. MARY JANE
[REED], author, was born Dec. 2, 1821, in
Philadelphia, Pa. She was a Philadelphia
writer of Sunday-school tales, among
which are, Day Dreams; Archy and Pussy
Series; Dr. Leslie's Boys; and Gaffney's
Tavern. She died Sept. 18, 1882, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
HILDRETH, AZRO ' BENJAMIN
FRANKLIN, educator, journalist, busi
ness man, legislator, was born Feb. 29,
1816, in Chelsea, Vt. He received his
education at the high schools and acad
emies of Chelsea, Randolph and Bradford,
Vt. At the age of sixteen he became a
schoolteacher, and for thirty-five years
was a printer, editor and publisher of
several newspapers. He has served with
distinction as a member of the general as
sembly of the Iowa state legislature; was
a member of the Iowa state board of edu
cation and various other institutions. He
is the principal owner of the electric light
plant of Charles City, Iowa; and the own
er of the Hiltlreth hotel and opera house
of that city.
HILDRETH, CHARLES LOTIN, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born Aug. 28,
1858, in New York city. He was editor
of Demorest's Magazine in New York city.
He was the author of the Masque of
Death, a volume of poems; The Mysteri
ous City; Judith; Damar; The New Sym
phony; Art in America; and other works.
He died in 1896.
HILDRETH, EUGEN1US AUGUSTUS,
physician, inventor, author, was born
Sept. 13, 1821, in Wheeling, W. Va. He
was the inventor of surgical appliances,
and published articles upon Medical Bot
any of West Virginia; Meteorology and
Epidemic Diseases of Ohio County; and
Biographies of Physicians of Wheeling
for the Last Hundred Years.
HILDRETH, EZEKIEL, educator, au
thor, was born July 18, 1784, in Westford,
Mass. He was an educator of Ohio and
Virginia; and the author of Logopolis, a
grammatical treatise; and A Key to
Knowledge. He died March 15, 1856, in
Wheeling, W. Va.
HILDRETH, JOHN, lawyer, legislator,
was born Oct. 18, 1851, in England. He
has been alderman of Holyoke, Mass.; and
identified with the improvement of his
city. He served as a representative to
the general court of his state.
HILDRETH, RICHARD, journalist, au
thor, was born June 22, 1807, in Deerfield.
Mass. He was a Boston journalist and
historian who was consul at Trieste in his
later years. He was the author of Archy
Moore, an anti-slavery novel; History of
Banks; Theory of Politics; Despotism in
America; Japan as it Was and Is; and
History of the United States from the Dis
covery of the Continent to the Close of
the Sixteenth Congress in 1820, a work
which has few charms of style, though its
general merit is unquestioned. He died
July 11, 1865, in Florence, Italy.
HILDRETH, SAMUEL PRESCOTT,
physician, author, was born Sept. 30, 1783]
in Methuen, Mass. He was a physician
once prominent in Marietta, Ohio, where
he settled in 1806. He was the author of
History of the Diseases and Climate of
Southeastern Ohio; Lives of the Early
Settlers of Ohio; Contributions to the Ear
ly History of the Northwest; Meteorologi
cal Observations (with J. Wood); Pio
neer History of the Ohio Valley (1848);
and Biographical and Historical Memoirs
of Early Pioneer Settlers of Ohio. He
died July 24, 1863, in Marietta, Ohio.
HILES, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
was born May 22, 1858, in Fayette coun
ty, Ohio. He received a thorough edu
cation in the Iowa college; took up the
profession of law; and is now one of the
leading lawyers of Kansas at Norton.
HILGARD, EUGENE WALDEMAR,
educator, author, was born Jan. 5, 1833,
in Bavaria. He has been a professor of
agricultural chemistry at the university
of California since 1875. He is the au
thor of Geology and Agriculture of Mis
sissippi; Geology of Lower Louisiana;
Cotton Production in the United States;
and Climatic Features of the Arid Re
gions of the Pacific Slope.
HILGARD, JULIUS ERASMUS, civil
engineer, author, was born in 1825 in Ba
varia. He was a civil engineer of note who
was superintendent of the United States
coast survey in 1881-85; and published
many valuable professional papers. He
died May 8, 1891, in Washington, D. C.
HILL, ADAMS SHERMAN, educator,
author, was born in 1833 in Massachu
setts. He has been the Boylston profes
sor of rhetoric at Harvard university since
1876; and is the author .of Our English;
The Principles of Rhetoric; and The
Foundations of Rhetoric.
HILL, MRS. AGNES LEONARD
[SCANLAND], author, poet, was born in
1842 in Kentucky. She is the author of
Mollie Myrtle; Myrtle Blossoms; Van
quished, a novel; and Heights and Depths.
HILL, AMBROSE POWELL, soldier,
was bern Nov. 9, 1825, in Culpeper coun
ty, Va. He attained the rank of brigadier-
general. He died April 7, 1865, in Peters
burg, Va.
HILL, BENJAMIN DIONYSIUS, clergy
man, author, poet, was born in 1842 in
England. He is a Roman catholic clergy
man and educator, for some time at Notre
Dame university, who has published Po
ems Devotional and Occasional.
4*0
M Kit 1 MIS HAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA
A.MKUICAN BIOORAPHT.
HILL. BENJAMIN HARVEY, lawyer.
I'nited States senator, congressman, au
thor, was born Sept. 14, 1823, in Jasper
county, Ga. In 1851 he was elected to the
Georgia state legislature; was an unsuc
cessful candidate for congress in 1855. and
forgovernor in 1857. He was again a repre
sentative in the state legislature in 1859
and 1860; and was a presidential elector in
1861. In 1875 he was elected a represen
tative from Georgia to the forty-fourth
congress to fill a vacancy: and was re-
elected to the forty-fifth congress. He was
elected a senator of the United States
from Georgia for the term of six years
from March 4, 1877. He was the author
of Notes on the Situation; and Address
to the People of Georgia. He died Aug.
19, 1882. in Atlanta, Ga.
HILL. BR1TTON ARMSTRONG, law
yer, author, was born in 1818 in New-
Jersey. He Is a prominent lawyer of St.
Louis; and the author of Liberty and
l.a w under Federative Government; Abso
lute Money; and Specie Resumption and
National Bankruptcy Identical.
HILL. CHARLES AUGUSTUS, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Aug. 23,
1833. in Truxton, N. Y. He enlisted in
company F, eighth Illinois cavalry in
1862, and was in the battle of Antietam.
He was elected state's attorney in 1868 for
the counties of Will and Grundy; declined
a renomination, and was elected to the
fifty-first congress as a republican. In
1897 he was appointed assistant attorney-
general of the state.
HILL. CLEMENT S.. congressman. was
born in Kentucky. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 185:1
to 1855.
HILL. DANIEL HARVEY.soldier. math
ematician, author, was born in 1821 in South
Carolina. He was a noted mathematician
who held professorships in several south
ern colleges before and since the civil
war. but during that conflict was a gen
eral in the confederate army. He was the
author of Elements of Algebra: Consid
eration of the Sermon on the Mount; and
The Crucifixion of Christ. He died Sept.
25, 1889. in Charlotte, N. C.
HILL, DAVID BENNETT, lawyer, jour
nalist. governor. United States senator,
was born Aug. 29. 1843. in Havana, N. Y.
He was appointed
city attorney of El-
mira; and in 1868
was a delegate to the
democratic state con
vention. In 1870 he
was elected a repre
sentative in the state
legislature; was re-
elected in 1871. In
1881 he was elected
a member of the
common council of
Elmira; and In 1882
was elected mayor of Elmira. In the fall
of the same year he was elected lieuten
ant-governor of New York; and in 1884
became governor of the state of New
York. In 188H he was elected governor
for a full term of four years, and In 1891
was elected to the United States senate
as a democrat.
HILL. DAVID H., lawyer, legislator,
jurist, poet, was born Dec. 12. 1833, in
North Berwick. Maine. He was a mem
ber of the New Hampshire state legisla
ture in 1870-71, and since 1880 has been
judge of probate of his county. His po
ems have appeared in standard publica
tion*.
HILL. DAVID JA YNE. educator, college
president, author, was born June 10, 1850.
in Plainfleld. N. .1. He is an educator of
note, president of the Lewisburg univer
sity. Pa., since 1879, and subsequently of
the university of Rochester. N. Y. He is
the author of Science of Rhetoric; Ele
ments of Rhetoric; Life of Washington
Irving; Life of Bryant: Principles and
Fallacies of Socialism: Social Influences
of Christianity; The Elements of Psy
chology; and Genetic Philosophy.
HILL, EBENEZER J.. business man.
banker, congressman, was born Aug. 4.
1845, in Redding. Conn. He is president
of the Norwalk Gas
Light company, and
vice-president of the
National bank of
Norwalk. He has
served twice as bur
gess of Norwalk;
and twice as chair
man of the board of
school visitors of
Norwalk. He was the
fourth district dele
gate to the national
republican conven
tion of 1884; and was a member of the
Connecticut senate for 1886-87. He served
one term upon the republican state cen
tral committee; and was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a
republican.
HILL. EDWARD JUDSON. lawyer, au
thor, was born in New York. He is a
lawyer of Chicago; and the author of
Common Law Jurisdiction in Illinois;
Chancery Jurisdiction in Illinois; Probate
Jurisdiction in Illinois: and Municipal
Offices in Illinois.
HILL. FRANCES M.. missionary, was
born in New York. As an American mis
sionary to Greece she greatly aided the
cause of female education in that coun
try. She died Aug. •",. 18X4. in Athens.
Greece.
HILL. FRANK ALPINE, educator, lit
lerateur, was born Oct. 12, 1841, in Bidde-
t'ord, Maine. He is now secretary of the
Massachusetts state board of education.
He has written extensively for the press
and as a public lecturer is well known. He
was the editor of the revised Holmes'
Series of Readers.
HILL, FREDERIC STANHOPE, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1829 in Massa
chusetts. He is a journalist of Cam
bridge: and the author of Twenty Years
at Sea. or Leaves from my Old Log-
Hooks; and Historical Continuity of the
Anglican Church.
HILL. GEORGE, author, poet, was born
in 1796 in Guilford, Conn. He was a
verse writer who held several govern
ment clerkships, and after 1835 lived at
Guilford. his native town. He was the
author of Ruins of Athens, and Other
Poems; and Titania's Banquet, and Other
Poems. He died Dec. 15, 1871 in New
York.
HILL. GEORGE CANNING, author, was
born in 1825 in Connecticut. He is the
author of Lives of Captain John Smith
Israel Putnam. Benedict Arnold. Daniel
Boone; Homespun, or Five and Twenty
Years Ago: and Our Parish, or Pen I'aint
ings of Village Life.
HILL. GEORGE WILLIAM, astrono
mer, inventor, author, was born March ::.
1838. in New York city. His researches
on the lunar theory have attracted at ten
tion. and in 1887 he was awarded the
gold medal of the Royal Astrononieal so
ciety of London for his investigations. II.
Is the author of upward of forty articles
and memoirs.
HILL. HAMILTON ANDREWS, author,
was born in 1827 in England. He was a
Boston writer who published History of
the Old South Church, Boston, 1669-1884;
and Memoir of Abbot Lawrence. He died
in 1895.
HILL. HENRY ALEXANDER, educa
tor, college president, was born Noy. 6,
1844, in New Orleans, La. In 1884 he be
came a teacher in the Southern univer
sity. New Orleans, La.: and in 1887 was
elected its president.
HILL, HENRY BARKER, educator, au
thor, was born April 27, 1849, in Wal-
tham. Mass. He has been a professor
of chemistry at Hazard university since
1879; and is the author of Notes on
Qualitative Analysis.
HILL. HUGH CLEMENT, lawyer, was
horn in Massachusetts. In 1870 he was ap
pointed an assistant attorney general of
the United States.
HILL. HUGH L. W., congressman, was
born in Tennessee. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1847
to 1849.
HILL, ISAAC, journalist, governor,
United States senator, was born Aug. 7.
1788, in Somerville. Mass. He was twice
chosen clerk of the state senate; was
once a representative in the legislature;
and was elected a member of the state
senate in 1820, 1821, 1822 and 1827. In 1829
he was appointed second comptroller of
the treasury, and held the office until
1830. He returned to New Hampshire,
and was elected United States senator for
six years, from 1831; in 1836 he resigned
his senatorship. after being elected gov
ernor of New Hampshire: and was re-
elected in 1837 and 1838. In 1840 he
was appointed sub-treasurer at Boston. He
died March 22. 1851, in Washington. D. C.
HILL. JAMES J., railroad president,
was born Sept. 16. 1838. in Canada. The
St. Paul. Minneapolis and Manitoba com
pany is now identi
fied with the Great
Northern railway
system, of which Mr.
Hill became presi
dent in 1890. Since
he took charge of its
affairs, the railway
system has been ex
tended from 380 to
4,500 miles, creating
an unbroken line,
through the several
states, from Lake
Superior and St. Paul to Puget Sound on
the Pacific coast. The company also now
owns a superb fleet of steamships on the
great lakes, the passenger steamers not
being surpassed in speed, design or ac
commodations by any of the great At
lantic lines.
HILL. JOHN, congressman, was born in
Virginia. He was a representative in con-
uress from that state from 1839 to 1841.
HILL. JOHN, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in Stokes county, N.
C. He served many years in the legisla
ture of the state; and was a representa
tive in congress from 1839 to 1841.
HILL. JOHN, merchant, state senator,
congressman, was born June 10 1821 in
Catskill. N. Y. In 1860 he was elected to
the state legislature; was twice re-elect
ed, and was made speaker of the assem
bly. In 1866 he was elected a represen
tative from New Jersey to the fortieth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
nrst and forty-second congresses. He was
slate senator from 1875 to 1878; and
was again a representative in the forty-
seventh congress. He died July 24 1884
in Boonton. N. J
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
481
HILL, JOHN McCLARY, journalist,
was born Nov. 5, 1821, in Concord, N. H.
He aided his father in the publication of
Hill's New Hampshire Patriot till 1847,
when it was merged in the New Hamp
shire Patriot, with which journal he was
also connected till 1853, and again in
1868-73.
HILL, JOSEPH, merchant, state sen
ator, was born in Ireland. He has been
prominently identified with the organiza
tion of the people's party in Lewis coun
ty, Wash.; and in 1896 was elected to the
state senate.
HILL, JOSHUA, lawyer, congressman,
United States senator, was born Jan. 10,
1812, in Abbeville district, S. C. He was
elected a representa
tive to the thirty-
fifth congress from
Georgia; and was re-
elected to the thirty-
sixth congress. In
1866 he was ap
pointed collector for
the port of Savan
nah. In 1876 he was
appointed a visitor to
the West Point acad
emy, as well as a
register in bank
ruptcy; and in 1868 was elected a senator
in congress for the term ending in 1873.
He died March 6, 1891, in Madison, Ga.
HILL, LUCY ANN, educator, linguist,
author, was born Nov. 10, 1831, in Lowell,
Mass. Since her youth she has been en
gaged in educational work. She spent
five years in Europe studying Latin, Ital
ian, French and German; and has since
been very successful in teaching those
languages. She is the president of the
Educational and Industrial Union of
Lowell, Mass.; and the author of Rhine
Roamings, consisting of descriptions of
the beautiful scenery and objects of in
terest on the Rhine, interspersed with leg
endary lore.
HILL, MARK LANGDON, lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, congressman, was born
June 30, 1772, in Biddeford, Maine. He was
at various periods a member of the sen
ate and house of representatives of Massa
chusetts, a judge of the court of common
pleas, member of congress from Massa
chusetts from 1819 to 1821, and from
Maine from 1821 to 1823. He was post
master at Phippsburg, Maine; collector of
the port at Bath, and held several town
and county offices. He died Nov. 26, 1842, in
Phippsburg, Maine.
HILL, NATHANIEL PETER, educator,
business man, United States senator, was
born Feb. 13, 1832, in Orange county, N.
Y. He graduated from the Brown uni
versity of Providence, R. I.; and was pro
fessor of chemistry in that institution
during 1857-64. During 1864-97 he has
been manager of various large enterprises
in Colorado, with headquarters at Den
ver. During 1879-85 he served with dis
tinction as United States senator.
HILL, NICHOLAS, lawyer, author, born
Oct. 16, 1806, in Montgomery county, N.
Y. He was appointed state law reporter
in 1841. He published New York Reports,
1841-44. in seven volumes. He died May
1, 1859.
HILL, RALPH, lawyer, congressman,
was born Oct. 12, 1827, in Johnson, Ohio.
He was elected a representative from In
diana to the thirty-ninth congress.
HILL, RICHARD, merchant, statesman,
was born in Maryland. He was elected
to the assembly of Pennsylvania in 1710,
and served in this body continuously until
1721, being three times speaker. He died
Sept. 4, 1729, in Philadelphia, Pa.
31
HILL, ROBERT ANDREWS, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 25, 1811, in Ire-
dell county, N. C. He was elected a con
stable, and in 1836 a justice of the peace.
In 1847 he was elected a circuit attorney
general and held the office until 1854.
Soon afterward he removed to Mississippi,
and was made a judge of probate. In 1866
he was appointed United States judge for
the district of Mississippi.
HILL, ROBERT H., educator, college
president, was born April 9, 1856, in Ala
bama. In 1880 he went to Waco, Texas,
and opened Hill's Business college, and
this college ranks with the first of its
kind in the United States.
HILL, SAMUEL, railroad president,
was born May 13, 1857, in North Carolina.
He is president of the Eastern railway of
Minnesota.
HILL, THEOPHILUS HUNTER, law
yer, author, poet, was born Oct. 31, 1836,
in Raleigh, N. C. He is a lawyer of
Raleigh, N. C.; and the author of Hes-
per, and Other Poems, the first book
copyrighted by the confederate govern
ment; and Passion Flower, and Other Po
ems.
HILL, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1824 to 1826.
HILL, THOMAS, clergyman, educator,
inventor, author, was born Jan. 7, 1818, in
New Brunswick, N. J. He was president
of Harvard university in 1862-68, and
held pastorates at Waltham, Mass., and
Portland, Maine. He invented several
mathematical instruments, one of which
is the occultator. He was the author of
The Postulates of Religion and Ethics;
The Stars and the Earth; The True Or
der of Studies; Geometry and Faith; Cur
vature; Jesus the Interpreter of Nature;
Christmas, and Poems on Slavery; The
Natural Sources of Theology; and In the
Woods and Elsewhere. He died Nov. 21,
1891, in Waltham, Mass.
HILL, URIAH C., musician, was born
about 1802 in New York. Having been
engaged as leader of the Sacred Music
society, he brought out Handel's Messiah
in St. Paul's chapel in 1831. This was
the first performance of an entire oratorio
in New York. He died in September,
1875, in Paterson, N. J.
HILL, WALTER HENRY, clergyman,
educator, author, was born Jan. 21, 1822,
in Lebanon, Ky. He is a Roman cath
olic clergyman and educator of Chicago;
a professor in St. Louis university'in 1864-
65 and 1871-84; and the author of Ele
ments of Philosophy; Ethics or Moral
Philosophy; and Historical Sketch of St.
Louis University.
HILL, WHITMELL, congressman, was
born Feb. 12, 1743, in Bertie county, N. C.
He was a delegate to the congresses at
Hillsborough and Halifax in 1775 and
1776; was lieutenant-colonel of the Cov
entry militia; and delegate to the conti
nental congress from 1778 to 1781; and
was frequently a member of the house
and senate of North Carolina previous to
1785. He died Sept. 26, 1797, in Hill's
Ferry, N. C.
HILL, WILLIAM D., lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 1, 1833, in Nelson
county, Va. He was mayor of Springfield,
Ohio in 1860; and was a representative
in the state legislature in 1866, 1867, 1868
and 1869. In 1875 he was appointed su
perintendent of insurance for the state,
and served three years. He was elected
a representative from Ohio to the forty-
sixth congress; and was also elected to
the forty-eighth and forty-ninth con
gresses.
HILL, WILLIAM H., lawyer, jurist,
congressman. He was a representative in
congress from North Carolina from 1799
to 1803; and was also appointed judge of
the United States district court for the
district of North Carolina. He died in
1809.
HILLARD, GEORGE STILLMAN, law
yer, author, was born Sept. 22, 1808, in
Machias, Maine. He was a lawyer of Bos
ton; and the author of Life of General
McClellan; Life of George Ticknor; and
Six Months in Italy. He also published a
series of school readers and an edition of
Spenser. He died Jan. 21, 1879, in Bos
ton, Mass.
HILLEGAS, MICHAEL, United States
treasurer, was born in 1729 in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was the first United States
treasurer. He died Sept. 29, 1804, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
HILLEN, SOLOMON, JR., lawyer, leg
islator, congressman, was born in 1813 in
Baltimore county, Md. He served in the
Maryland legislature in 1834 and 1838;
and was elected mayor of Baltimore in
1842 to fill a vacancy, and was re-elected
for two years. He was a representative
in congress from the state of Maryland
from 1839-41.
KILLER, ALFRED, soldier, educator,
clergyman, college president, was born
April 22, 1831, near Sharon Springs, N. Y.
In 1881 he was elected president of Hart-
wick Theological seminary and professor
of systematic theology.
HILLERN, BERTHA VON, artist, was
born Aug. 4, 1857, in Germany. She de
voted herself to the study of art, which
she has since pursued as a profession in
Boston. Among her pictures are The
Monk Felix, from Longfellow's Gol
den Legend; and Evening Prayer at the
Wayside Shrine, Germany.
HILLHOUSE, AUGUSTUS LUCAS,
hymnist, was born Dec. 9, 1791, in New
Haven, Conn. He was the author of the
hymn Trembling before Thine Awful
Throne. He died March 14, 1859, in
France.
HILLHOUSE, GEORGE A., lawyer,
state senator, was born June 27, 1864, in
Smithville, Ark. He is a successful law
yer of Newport, Ark., and served with
distinction as a member of the Arkansas
state senate.
HILLHOUSE, JAMES, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Oct. 21, 1754, in Montville, Conn. He
was commander of the governor's guards
in the revolutionary war. He became a
representative in congress in 1791, and
three years afterwards was chosen a sen
ator of the United States from Connecti
cut, where he continued a distinguished
member for sixteen years, and in the
sixth congress was president pro tern, of
the senate. In 1825 he undertook to con-
-duct the construction of the Farmington
and Hampshire canal; and was chosen
treasurer of Yale college in 1782. He died
Dec. 29, 1832, in New Haven, Conn.
HILLHOUSE, JAMES ABRAM, author,
poet, was born Sept. 26, 1789, in New Ha
ven, Conn. He was a dramatic poet of
New Haven. His ambitious, heavy dra
mas,- Percy's Masque, Hadad, Demetrla,
were once extravagantly praised, but
have long been hopelessly dead. Dramas,
Discourses, and Other Pieces appeared in
1839. He died Jan. 5, 1841, in New Haven,
Conn.
HILLHOUSE, WILLIAM, lawyer, ju
rist, was born Aug. 25, 1728, in Montville,
Conn. He was a delegate from Connecti
cut to the continental congress from 1783
to 1786. He died Jan. 12, 1816, in Mont
ville, Conn.
482
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MILLIARD. FRANCIS, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born about 1808, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He was a jurist of Boston,
and the author of The Law of Taxation;
The Law of Vendors and Purchasers; The
Law of Mortgages; The Law of Torts;
Law of Injunctions; Law of New Trials;
Law of Contracts; Law of Bankruptcy;
American Jurisprudence; and American
Law, a Comprehensive Summary. He died
Oct. 9, 1878, in Worcester, Mass.
HILLIARD, HENRY W., soldier, law
yer, congressman, author, was born Aug.
4, 1808, in Fayetteville, N. C. In 1838 he
was elected to the Alabama state legis
lature, and in 1840 a presidential elector.
In 1842 he was appointed minister to
Belgium. He was a representative in
congress from Alabama from 1843 to 1851.
During the civil war he served in the con
federate army, and subsequently prac
ticed law in Atlanta, serving as minister
to Brazil in 1877-81. He was the author
of Speeches and Addresses; De Vane, a
Story of Plebeians and Patricians; and
Politics and Pen Pictures. He died Dec.
17, 1892, in Atlanta, Ga.
HILLIARD, WILLIAM HENRY, artist,
was born in 1836, in Auburn, N. Y.
Among his best known works are views
of Maine, of the White and Franconia
mountains, and ot the Atlantic coast, in-
chiding Campton Meadows; Castle Rock;
and Wind against Tide; Battle-Field of
Lookout Mountain; and Allatoona Pass,
Ga.
HILLIS, DAVID, soldier, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, lieutenant-governor, was
born in .1789, in Washington county, Pa.
In 1831 "and 1835 he was elected to the
state senate, and in 1836-40 was lieuten
ant-governor. He died July 8, 1845, in
Jefferson county, Ind.
HILLIS, DAVID B., soldier, was born
in Indiana. He was colonel of the seven
teenth Iowa regiment in the civil war;
and received the brevet of brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers.
HILLIS, WILLIAM J.. lawyer, author,
was born Sept. 14, 1850, in Albany, N. Y.
In 1872 he graduated from the Union col
lege of Schenectady, N. Y., and has since
attained prominence as an able lawyer
of his native city. He is the author of
A Metrical History of Napoleon Bona
parte, and other works.
HILLS, FREDERICK CLARK, soldier,
railroad president, was born Jan. 22, 1842,
In Bethersden, Kent, Eng. In 1849 he
moved with his pa
rents to Oneida
county, N. Y. He re
ceived his education
i n the district
schools, and at the
academy of Vernon,
New York. During
the civil war he
served as a soldier
in company E, one
hundred and seven
teenth regiment New
York infantry; and
has been past post commander of the
Grand Army of the Republic. He has
been general freight and passenger agent,
general traffic manager, and superintend
ent of the Sioux City and Pacific Railroad
company and other roads during 1868-81.
He has also been the general manager and
president of the Sioux City and Northern
Railroa.i company; and of the Sioux City,
O'Neill and Western Railway company.
He served two terms as president of the
Sioux City board of education; and has
filled various other public positions of
trust in his county and state.
HILLS, GEORGE MORGAN, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 10, 1825, in
Auburn, N. Y. He was an episcopal cler
gyman, rector of St. Mary's church, Bur
lington, N. J., in 1870-90, and the author
of History of the Church in Burlington;
John Talbot, the First Bishop in North
America; Church of England Missions in
New Jersey; and Transfer of the Church
from Colonial Dependence to the Freedom
of the Republic. He died in 1890.
HILLS, LUCIUS PERRY, lawyer, poet,
elocutionist, was born June 16, 1844, in
Bennington, N. Y. At the age of seven
teen he enlisted in the tenth regiment
New York cavalry and served three years
in the civil war. In 1871 he graduated from
the law department of the university of
Michigan; and since 1875 has practiced
his profession in Atlanta, Ga. He is the
author of a volume of poems entitled
When Patti Sang; and as a poet humorist
of Georgia has given successful elocution
ary entertainments in various parts of the
United States.
HILLS, WILLIAM HENRY, journalist,
was born June 6, 1859, in Somerville,
Mass. In 1888 he became sole owner and
proprietor of The Writer, a monthly mag
azine; and since 1890 has been editor of
the Journal and president of the Somer
ville Journal company.
HILLYER, EDGAR WINTERS, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, was born
Dec. 3, 1830, in Granville, Ohio. He serv
ed in the war for the union, and rose to
the rank of colonel. In 1865 he became
acting judge advocate for the department
of the Pacific. He was elected to the
state legislature in 1862; and in 1866 was
elected attorney for Storey county, hold
ing the office until 1869, when he was ap
pointed judge of the United States court
for the district of Nevada.
HILLYER, JUNIUS, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born April 23,
1807, in Wilkes county, Ga. In 1834 he
was elected solicitor-general for the west
ern district of the state; was a represent
ative in congress from Georgia from 1851
to 1855; and in 1857 was appointed solicit
or of the United States treasury, remain
ing in office until 1861.
HILLYER, WILLIAM SILLIMAN, sol
dier, lawyer, was born April 2, 1831, in
Henderson, Ky. He served during the
Tennessee and Vicksburg campaigns;
and was brevetted brigadier-general in
1865, and after the close of the war was
appointed a revenue agent. He died July
12. 1874., in Washington, D. C.
HILP'RECHT, HERMANN VOLLRAT,
educator, journalist, author, was born
July 28, 1859, in Germany. In the spring
of 1887 he delivered, in the chapel of the
university of Pennsylvania, a course of
lectures on The Family and Civil Life of
the Egyptians: and Egypt in the Time of
Israel's Sojourn.
HILSON, ELLEN AUGUSTA, actress,
was born in 1801, in England. At five
years of age she first appeared on the
stage, reciting in costume the ballad of
Little Red Riding-Hood; and in 1817 she
became a member of the company of the
Park theatre. She died April 2, 1837, in
New York city.
HILSON, THOMAS, actor, was born in
1784, in England. He first appeared in
this country at the Park theatre in New
York city, in 1809, as Walter in The Chil
dren of the Wood. He died July 23, 1834,
in Louisville, Ky.
HIMAN, EDGAR H., lawyer, jurist,
banker, was born Dec. 16, 1846, in Ran
dolph, Ohio. He received his education
at the Oberlin college, and graduated
from the law department of the university
of Michigan. He has been justice of the
peace; mayor of North Amherst, Ohio;
and for fifteen years was probate judge
of Lorain county. For seven years he
was chairman of the Lorain county re
publican executive committee. He is now
the president of the Elyria Savings and
Loan association, and a director of the
National bank of Elyria.
HIMEBAUGH, MATTHIAS, educator,
clergyman, philanthropist, was born Aug.
31, 1819, in Erie county, Pa. In 1850 he
moved to Wisconsin; and was instrumen
tal in placing on a sound foundation the
Lawrence university of Appleton, for
which he secured fifty thousand dollars.
He has traveled nearly a half million
miles by railroads, rivers, and lakes in
the prosecution of his work. He now
occasionally preaches in Oshkosh, Wis.
HIMES, CHARLES FRANCIS, educa
tor, author, was born June 2, 1838, in Lan
caster county, Pa. In 1865 he was ap
pointed professor of chemistry and phys
ics in Dickinson, which chair he held for
twenty years. He has published Tables
for Qualitative Analysis, translated and
edited; Leaf-Prints, or Glimpses at Pho
tography; and Flame Reactions.
HIMES, ISAAC NEWTON, physician,
surgeon, was born Dec. 4, 1834, in Ship-
pensburg. Pa. During the civil war he
was assistant surgeon of the third Ohio
volunteer infantry, and shortly afterward
commissioned surgeon of the same regi
ment. In 1871 he settled in Cleveland,
Ohio, where he was connected with the
Cleveland Medical college as professor of
pathology until his death.
HINCKLEY, THOMAS, statesman, was
born about 1618, in England. He was a
deputy in 1645; a representative in 1647;
and a magistrate and subsequent governor
of Plymouth. He died April 25, 1706, In
Barnstable, Mass.
HINDMAN, THOMAS CARMICHAEL,
soldier, congressman, was born in No
vember, 1818, in Tennessee. He served as
second lieutenant of the Mississippi vol
unteers in the Mexican war; was a repre
sentative from Arkansas to the thirty-
sixth congress; and was re-elected to the
thirty-seventh congress, but when the re
bellion broke out he entered the confeder
ate service; and was at once made a
brigadier-general, and subsequently a ma
jor-general. He died Oct. 22, 1868, in
Helena, Ark.
HINDMAN, WILLIAM, congressman,
United States senator, was born April 1,
1743, in Dorchester county, Md. He was a
delegate from Maryland to the continental
congress; was a representative in con
gress from 1792 to 1799; and was a senator
in congress during the years 1800 and
1801. He died Jan. 19, 1822, in Baltimore,
Md.
HINDS, HERBERT C.. clergyman, was
born June 22, 1857, in Cossayuna, N. Y.
He graduated trom Union college, and
tnen entered the
Princeton Theolog
ical seminary, and
was ordained in
1885. He then went
abroad, and on his
return became pas
tor of the First pres-
byterian church of
Amsterdam, N. Y. ;
and there establish
ed a second presby-
terian church, which
was christened Em
manuel. In 1887 he became pastor of the
Second Reformed church of Schenectady,
N. Y. ; and since 1891 has been pastor of
the Ninth presbyterian church of Troy, N.
Y. In 1889 Union college honored him
with the degree of A. M.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
483
HINDS, JAMES, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 5, 1833, in Heb
ron, N. Y. He moved to Minnesota, and
was district attorney for the state until
1860. He served in the war for the union
as a private, after which he settled at Lit
tle Rock, Ark. He was elected a repre
sentative from Arkansas to the fortieth
congress. He died Oct. 22, 1868, in Mon
roe, Ark.
HINDS, THOMAS, soldier, congress
man, was born about 1775. He was a dis
tinguished officer in the battle of New Or
leans; and was a representative in con
gress from Mississippi from 1828 to 1831.
He died Aug. 23, 1840, in Jefferson county,
Miss.
HINDS, WILLIAM HENRY HARRI
SON, soldier, architect, inventor, poet,
was born Jan. 20, 1821, in Milan, N. H.
He received his edu
cation in the dis
trict schools, and the
New Ipswich acade
my. He then taught
school and studied
architectural draw
ing. He was made
captain in the twen
ty-second regiment
ot the New Hamp
shire militia; was
promoted to major,
lieutenant - colonel,
and was offered the commission of briga
dier-general. For several years he was
engaged as an architect and builder: then
followed dentistry; and is the patentee
of a number of improvements in that
science. During the civil war he raised a
company and went as first lieutenant in
the sixteenth regiment Massachusetts vol
unteer infantry. He subsequently resigned,
raised a company, and went as captain in
the thirty-third regiment Massachusetts
volunteer infantry. As a musician and
poet he is well known, and many of his
poems have been incorporated into stand
ard publications.
HINES, RICHARD, congressman, was
born in North Carolina. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1825 to 1827.
HINES, THOMAS H., lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born Oct. 9, 1838, in Butler
county, Ky. He received his education in
the public schools of
his native county,
studied law and be
came a prominent
attorney of Prank-
fort, Ky. He has
been judge of the
county court of
Warren county, Ky. ;
was judge of the
court of appeals of
Kentucky; and has
filled with distinc
tion the high office
of chief justice of the state of Kentucky.
In 1891 he was a member of the constitu
tional convention of Kentucky for Frank
lin county. He has been prominently
identified with the public affairs of his
city, county and state; and is a member
in high standing of various societies »nd
fraternal orders.
HINES, WILLIAM H., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born March 15,
1856, in Brooklyn, N. Y. He was a mem
ber of the house of representatives of
Pennsylvania in 1879-80 and 1883-84. He
was elected to the senate of Pennsylvania
in 1888 for a term of four years; and was
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
democrat.
HINKEL, CHARLES JOHN, educator,
author, was born in 1817, in England. He
was a German educator who came to
America in 1855, and was professor of
Greek and Latin at Vassar college in 1869-
90. He was the author of a number of
German translations. He died in 1894.
HINKHOUSE, RUFUS W., farmer,
financier, legislator, was born Aug. 17,
1850, in Cumberland county, Md. He is a
successful farmer and stock-raiser of
Wilton, Iowa; and has served with dis
tinction as a member of the Iowa state
legislature.
HINKLEY, EDWARD OTIS, lawyer,
author, was born Jan. 6, 1824, in Balti
more, Md. He was secretary of the Amer
ican Bar association from its formation
in 1878 until 1893. He is the author of
a work on Attachments and one on Tes
tamentary Law.
HINKLEY, HOLMES, inventor, was
born June 24, 1793, in Hailowell, Maine.
He built the third stationary engine that
was produced in Massachusetts, and in
1840 began to construct locomotives on a
new and ingenious plan, that soon made
his name favorably known. He died Feb.
7, 1866, in Boston, Mass.
HINKSON, ADDISON CYRUS, educa
tor, jurist, was born Dec. 19, 1837, in Po-
tosi, Mo. This popular educator has
served as superintendent of common
schools, auditor and judge of the supreme
court of Summit county, Mo.
HINMAN, BENJAMIN, soldier, state
legislator, was born in 1720, in Woodbury,
Conn. He wa£ commissioned captain of
the fourth continental regiment in 1775.
He represented Woodbury, Conn., in the
legislature during twenty sessions, and
after the incorporation of Southbury was
its delegate for eight sessions. He died
March 22, 1810, in Southbury, Mass.
HINMAN, CLARK TITUS, educator,
college president, was born Aug. 3, 1817,
in Kortwright, N. Y. He was principal of
Albion Wesleyan seminary from 1846 to
1853, and founder and first president of
the Northwestern university at Evanston,
111. He died Oct. 21, 1854, in Troy, N. Y.
HINMAN, EDGAR H., lawyer, jurist.
He has attained success as one of the
foremost lawyers of Ohio at Elyria. He
has filled numerous important offices of
honor; and is now filling with distinction
the office of probate judge.
HINMAN, IDA, author, was born in
Keokuk, Iowa. She is the author of The
Washington Sketch Book; and has con
tributed extensively to current literature.
HINMAN, JOEL, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born in 1802 in Southbury,
Conn. From 1851 till 1861 he was an as
sociate justice of the supreme court of the
state, becoming chief justice at the latter
date. His judicial opinions extend through
twenty volumes of Connecticut reports.
He died Feb. 21, 18 10, in Cheshire, Conn.
HINMAN, ROYAL RALPH, lawyer,
antiquarian, author, was born June 5,
1785, in Southbury, Conn. He is a law
yer and antiquarian of New Hampshire,
and subsequently of New York city. He
is the author of Historical Recollections
of Connecticut in the American Revolu
tion; and Catalogue of the First Puritan
Settlers of Connecticut. He died Oct. 15,
1868, in New York city.
HINRICHS, CARL DETLEF, educator,
is a Danish educator who came to Ameri
ca in 1860, and was professor of physical
sciences in Iowa university in 1863-85. He
is the author of Elements of Physics;
Elements of Atom Mechanics; Principles
of Pure Crystallography; Principles of
Physical Sciences; and First Course in
Qualitative Analysis.
HINRICHSEN, WILLIAM H., journal
ist, congressman, was born May 27, 1850,
in Franklin, 111. He was elected to the
office of justice of
the peace in 1871
and re-elected in
1873. He was ap
pointed deputy sher
iff of his county in
1874; and served
three terms in that
position; was elected
t sheriff in 1880; was
WJ^^^ elected clerk of the
I house of representa-
^•1 .HHI tives of Illinois in
1891; and was elect
ed secretary of state in 1892. He has
served as a member of the democratic
state committee since 1888, and was chair
man of ii in 1895. He was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
HINSDALE, BTJRKE AARON, educa
tor, college president, author, was born
March 31, 1837, in Wadsworth, Ohio. He
was an educator, president of Hiram col
lege in 1870-82, and for four years subse
quently superintendent of schools in
Cleveland. He is the author of Genuine
ness and Authenticity of the Gospels;
President Garfield and Education; Schools
and Studies; The Old Northwest; How to
Study and Teach History; and editor Life
and Works of Garfield.
HINTON, ISAAC TAYLOR, clergyman,
author, was born in Ii99, in England. He
was a baptist clergyman who came to
America irom England in 1822, and was
pastor in Richmond, Va., and in New Or
leans, in which latter city he died. He
was the author of History of Baptism;
and Lectures on the Prophecies. He died
in 1847.
HIRES, GEORGE, merchant, manufac
turer, state senator, congressman, was
born Jan. 26, 1835, in Salem councy, N. J.
He was elected sheriff of Salem county
in 1867, 1868, and 1869. In 1881 he was
elected a state senator for a term of three
years; and was elected a representative
from New Jersey to the forty-ninth and
fiftieth congresses as a democrat.
HIRSCH, EDWARD, merchant, finan
cier, state senator, was born May 3, 1836,
in Germany. During 1866-68 he was pres
ident of the Eagle Woolen Mills company
of Brownsville. He was state treasurer
for eight years during 1878-86; and subse
quently was elected a member of the Ore
gon state senate for four years.
HIRSH, HUGO, lawyer, author, was
born Dec. 22, 1848, in Germany. He re
ceived his education in the public schools
of New York city;
studied law, and is
now a prominent at
torney of Brooklyn,
N. Y. He has been
counsel to the de
partment of police
and excise of Brook
lyn; and counsel to
the sheriff of Kings
county. He is also a
successful orator;
and a contributor to
the periodical press;
and also to standard works.
HIRST, HENRY BECK, lawyer, author,
poet, was born Aug. 23, 1813, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a lawyer and verse
writer of Philadelphia. His poetical writ
ings comprise Kndymion, a Tale of
Greece; The Penance of Roland; and The
Coming of the Mammoth, and Other
Poems. He also published a Poetical
Dictionary. He died March 30, 1874, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
484
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HISCOCK, FRANK, lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 6, 1834, in Pompey,
N. Y. He received an academic educa
tion; studied law,
was admitted to the
bar in 1855 and com-
•menced to practice
at Tully, N. Y. He
was elected district
attorney of Ononda-
ga county, serving in
1860-63; and was a
member of the state
constitutional con
vention in 1867. He
was elected to the
forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth, forty-
ninth and fiftieth congresses; and was
elected to the United States senate as a
republican, to fill a vacancy, and took his
seat March 4, 1887, for term of service ex
piring March 3, 1893.
HISE, ELIJAH, diplomat, congressman,
was born July 4, 1802, in Kentucky. In
1866 he was elected a representative from
Kentucky to the thirty-ninth congress to
fill a vacancy, and was re-elected to the
fortieth congress. He died by his own
hand May 8, 1867, in Russellville, Ky.
HISSEY, MARION WINFIELD, clergy
man, lecturer, author, was born Dec. 27,
1859, in McConnelsville, Ohio. He re
ceived his education in the Scio College
and School of Theology of the Boston uni
versity. He has been pastor of a number
of churches; and is now pastor of the
First Congregational church of Ashtabu-
la, Ohio. He has lectured on Homiletlcs
at the School of Theology of the univer
sity of Denver; and is a brilliant lecturer
on various subjects.
HITCHCOCK, A. F., clergyman, poet.
He has filled pastorates in the congrega
tional church of Sasium, Cal.; and is
the author of a number of poems, some
of which have been set to music.
HITCHCOCK, ALFRED, physician, sur
geon, author, was born Oct. 17, 1813, in
Westminster, Vt. He was surgeon of
Fitchburg, Mass., who published Chris
tianity and Medical Science. He died
March 30, 1874, in Fitchburg, Mass.
HITCHCOCK, CHARLES HENRY, ge
ologist, author, was born Aug. 23, 1836, in
Amherst, Mass. He is the state geologist
of New Hampshire, and the author of
Natural History and Geology of Maine;
New Hampshire Geological Survey; and
The Geology of New Hampshire.
HITCHCOCK, DAVID, author, poet,
was born in 1773, in Bethlehem, Conn.
His principal poem, The Shade of Plato, is
written with ease and smoothness, and
closes with expostulations on the revolu
tionary principles in vogue at the begin
ning of the century. His other writings
are The Social Monitor; and Christ Not
the Minister of Sin, a controversy. He
died after 1832.
HITCHCOCK, EDWARD, clergyman,
geologist, college president, author, was
born May 24, 1793, in Deerfield, Mass. He
was a congregational clergyman, state ge
ologist of Massachusetts in 1833-1844, and
president of Araherst college in 1845-54.
He was the author of Religion of Geolo
gy; Illustrations of Surface Geology; Fos
sil Footprints In the United States; Ich-
nology of New England; Dyspepsia Fore
stalled and Resisted; Religious Truth Il
lustrated from Science; Elementary O»-
ology; and Reminiscences of Amherst Col
lege. He died Feb. 27, 1864, In Amherst,
Mass.
HITCHCOCK, EDWARD, educator, au
thor, was born May 23, 1828, in Amherst,
Mass. He is a physician, professor of hy
giene in Amherst college from 1861, and
the author of Anatomy and Physiology.
HITCHCOCK, ENDS, clergyman, au
thor, was born March 7, 1744, in Spring
field, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman of Providence once famous as
a preacher, and the author of Treatise on
Education; Sermons; and Catechetical In
struction for Children and Youth. He died
Feb. 27, 1803, in Providence, R. I.
HITCHCOCK, ETHAN ALLEN, soldier,
author, was born May 18, 1798, in Ver-
gennes, Vt. He was a general in the fed-
eral arm; during i he
HHHHttf civil war. He was
the author of Alche
my and the Alchem
ists; Swedenborg, a
Hermetic Philoso
pher; Christ the
Spirit, an argument
for the symbolic ex
position of the Gos
pels; Remarks on
the Sonnets of
Shakespeare; Spen
ser's Colin Clout
Explained; and Notes on Dante's Vita
Nuova. he died Aug. 5, 1870, in Hancock,
Ga.
HITCHCOCK, HENRY LAURENS, col
lege president, was born Oct. 13, 1813, in
Benton, Ohio. In 1855 he was elected
president of the Western Reserve college
and filled that position until 1871. He died
July 6, 1873, in Hudson, Ohio.
HITCHCOCK, JAMES HALL, lawyer,
state senator, was born April 20, 1859, in
Perry county, Ohio. He served as attor
ney of Johnson county, Neb., for three
terms; and is now a state senator in the
legislature of that state from the second
district.
HITCHCOCK, JAMES RIPLEY WELL-
MAN, litterateur, author, was born July
3, 1856, in Fitchburg, Mass. He is a litter
ateur of New York city, and the author of
The Western Art Movement; A Study of
George Jenness; Etchings in America;
Madonnas by Old Masters; Notable Etch
ings by American Artists; Some Ameri
can Painters in Water Colors; and The
Future of Etching.
HITCHCOCK, PETER, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born Oct.
19, 1781, in Cheshire, Conn. In 1810 he
was elected to the general assembly of
Ohio; from 1812 to 1816 was a member of
the state senate; and president of that
body one session. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1817 to 1819; and
was then chosen judge of the supreme
court of Ohio for seven years. He was
re-elected to the same office in 1826. From
1833 to 1835 he was again a member of the
state senate, and once again president.
He died May 11, 1853, in Palnesville, Ohio.
HITCHCOCK, PHINEAS WARRENER,
lawyer, congressman. United States sen
ator, was born Nov. 30, 1831, in New Leb
anon, N. Y. In 1861 he was appointed
marshal of Nebraska territory, which of
fice he held until his election from Ne
braska as delegate to the thirty-ninth
congress. In 1867 he was appointed sur
veyor-general of Nebraska; and was elect
ed to the United States senate for the
term ending in 1877. He died July 10,
1881, in Omaha, Neb.
HITCHCOCK, ROBERT BRADLEY,
naval officer, was born Sept. 25, 1803, in
Cheshire, Ohio. He was appointed mid
shipman In the united States navy In
1825, promoted lieutenant in 1835, com
mander in 1855, captain in 1861. and com
modore in 1862. He died March 25, 1883,
in New York city.
HITCHCOCK, ROSWELL DWIGHT,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Aug. 15, 1817, in East Machias, Maine. He
was a successful cler
gyman of the con
gregational church;
and filled the chair
of ecclesiastical his
tory in Bowdoin col
lege. He was presi
dent of the Palestine
Exploration society,
and was president of
the Union Theolo
gical seminary of
New York city. He
is the author of Life
of Edward Robinson; Complete Analysis
of the Bible; The New Testament, with
Readings Preferred by the American
Committee Incorporated into the Text;
and Eternal Atonement. He died June
16, 1887, in Somerset, Mass.
H1TT, ROBERT ROBERTS, diplomat,
congressman, was born Jan. 16, 1834, in
Urbana, Ohio. He was first secretary of
the American legation at Paris, France,
from 1874 to 1881; ana was assistant sec
retary of state of Illinois in 1881. He was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-seventh congress to fill a va-
cancy; and was re-elected to the forty-
eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fif
ty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fif
ty-fifth congresses as a republican.
HITTELL, JOHN SHERTZER, journal
ist, author, was born in 1825, in Pennsyl
vania. He is a journalist of San Fran
cisco, and the author of Evidences against
Christianity; Mining in the Pacific
States; Brief History of Culture; History
of San Francisco; The Spirit of the Pa
pacy; History of Mental Growth of Man
kind in Ancient Times; and Resources of
California.
HITTELL, THEODORE HENRY, law
yer, author, was born in 1830, in Penn
sylvania. He is a prominent lawyer and
historian of San Francisco. He is the
author of Adventures of Captain Capen
Adams; General Laws of California, com
monly called KitteH's Digest; Codes and
Statutes of California; and History of
California.
HIZAR, JULIER CLYDE, lawyer, was
born Nov. 5, 1871, in Fort Ancient, Ohio.
He graduated from the National Normal
university of Lebanon, Ohio, with the de
grees of B. S. and A. B., and subsequently
attended the Cincinnati Law school, and
was admitted to the bar of California.
He has been city attorney of Coronado,
Cal., and still holds that position.
HOADLY, CHARLES JEREMY, jour
nalist, librarian, was born Aug. 1, 1828,
in Hartford, Conn. In 1855 he assumed
charge of the state library. He has edit
ed the New Haven Colonial Records, in
two volumes; and Colonial Records of
Connecticut.
HOADLEY, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
governor, was born July 31, 1826, in New
Haven, Conn. In 1851 he was elected a
judge of the superior court of Cincinnati,
and was city solicitor in 1855. In 1858 he
succeeded Judge Gholson on the bench
olLthe new superior court. In 1883 he was
elected governor of Ohio.
HOAG, CHARLES E., lawyer, journal
ist, author, poet, was born Sept. 18, 1849,
in Moultonboro, N. H. He is the editor
and owner of the Peabody Recorder and
the American Citizen of Boston, in which
city he was at one time president of a
corporation publishing one of the daily
papers. He has published several prose
works; and a volume of poems entitled
Chords and Discords.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
485
HOAG, TRUMAN H., merchant, con
gressman, was born April 9, 1816 in
Manlius, N. Y. In 1868 he was elected a
representative from Ohio to the forty-first
congress. He died Feb. 5, 1870 in Wash
ington.
HOAGLAND, CORNELIUS NEVIUS,
manufacturer, was born Nov. 23, 1828, in
Somerset county, N. J. During the war
he was made first
lieutenant, and sub
sequently was sur
geon of the seventy-
i first Ohio. In 1887
he bought the busi-
cL ! ness of the Cleve-
j land Baking Powder
, Co., and became
president and gen-
era! manager of the
fl company. In 1887
he founded the
Hoagland Labora
tory in Brooklyn for original research in
the higher branches of medical science,
with special departments in physiology
and bacteriology, the cost, with equip
ments, exceeding $100,000.
.
HOAGLAND, JOSEPH CHRISTOF-
FEL, president of the Royal Baking Pow
der Co., was born June 19, 1841, in Miami
county, Ohio. In 1866 he founded the
Royal Baking Powder Co.. and has given
the product of this concern such world
wide popularity through stupendous ad
vertising, that its trade mark alone i»
now valued at $10,000,000. In 1880 he
served as presidential elector, and he is
a member of the chamber of commerce.
HOAGLAND, MOSES, jurist, congress
man, was born in Ohio. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1849 to 1851; and was subsequently ap
pointed United States judge for the terri
tory of Washington.
HOAGLIN, FREDERICK F., merchant,
legislator, was born April 29, 1848, in Al
bion, Mich. He has been mayor' of Al
bion, Mich., and for two terms was a
member of the Michigan state legislature.
HOAR. EBENEZER ROCKWOOD, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Feb.
21, 1816, in Concord, Mass. He was ap
pointed a judge of the court of common
pleas. In 1859 he was elected a
judge of the supreme court. In 1869
he entered the cabinet of President
Grant as attorney-general; and in 18V1
became a member of the joint high com
mission for making a treaty between Eng
land and the United States. He was a
presidential elector in 1872; and was elect-
«d to the forty-third congress as a repub
lican.
HOAR, GEORGE FRISBIE, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Aug. 29, 1826, in Concord, Mass.
In 1852 he was elect
ed a representative
in the general court;
and in 1857 to the
state senate. In 1868
he was elected a rep
resentative from
Massachusetts to the
forty-first congress;
and was re-elected
to the three succeed
ing congresses. He
was president of the
convention in 1880;
and was a member of the electoral com
mission in 1876. He was elected a United
States senator from Massachusetts for the
term of six years from March 4, 1877; and
was re-elected in j883, 1889, and 1895 for
term expiring in 1901.
HOAR, LEONARD, educator, college
president, was born about 1629. He was
president of Harvard college from 1672
till 1675, and was the first person to pro
pose the modern system of technical ed
ucation, by the addition of a garden and
orchard, a workshop, and a chemical la
boratory to Harvard. He died Nov. 28,
1675, in Braintree, Mass.
HOAR, SAMUEL, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born May 18, 1788, in
Lincoln, Mass. He was a state senator
in 1825 and 1833; and a representative in
congress from 1835 to 1837. He was a
member of the executive council in 1845
and 1846; and state representative in 1850
He died Nov. 2, 1856, in Concord, Mass.
HOAR, SHERMAN, lawyer, congress
man, was born July 30, 1860, in Concord.
Mass. He was elected to the fifty-second
congress as a democrat from the fifth
Massachusetts district. In 1893 he was
appointed United States attorney for the
district of Massachusetts, and resigned in
1897.
HOARD, CHARLES B., mechanic, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born June
28, 1805, in Springfield, Vt. He was post
master under Presidents Jackson and Van
Buren; justice of the peace for several
years; and a member of the New York
legislature in 1838. He was elected a
representative to the thirty-fifth con
gress; was re-elected to the thirty-sixth
congress.
HOBART, AARON, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, congressman, was born June 26,
1787, in Abington, Mass. He served in
the state senate; was a state counselor;
was judge of probate; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Massachusetts
from 1821 to 1827. He died Sept. 19, 1858,
in East Bridgewater, Mass.
HOBART, ALVAH SABIN, clergyman,
author, was born March 7, 1847, in Can
ada. During 1879-88 he filled a pastor
ate in the baptist church of Cincinnati,
Ohio; and since 1888 at Yonkers, N. Y.
He is the author of Corner Stones of the
Baptist Church; Those Old Fashioned
Christians; and Gifts of Fruits and Full
ness.
HOBART. GARRET A., lawyer, United
States senator, vice-president of the
United States, was born June 3, 1844, in
Monmouth county,
N. J. He was city
counsel of Paterson,
N. J., in 1871; and
was elected counsel
for the board of
chosen free-holders
in 1872. He entered
the legislature in
1873, and was re-
elected to the assem
bly in 1874, and was
made speaker in
1876. He was elect
ed to the senate in 1879, and in 1881 was
elected president of that body, and re-
elected in 1882. He was nominated for
vice-president by the republican national
convention, and was duly elected and
took the oath of office on March 4, 1897.
HOBART, JOHN HENRY, bishop, au
thor, was born Sept. 14, 1775, in Philadel
phia. He was the third protestant epis
copal bishop of New York, and a leader of
church thought in his day. He was the
author of Companion for the Altar; State
of Departed Spirits; Festivals and Fasts;
and Apology for Apostolic Order. He
died Sept. 12, 1830, in Auburn, N. Y.
HOBART, JOHN HENRY, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 1, 1817, in New York
city. He is an episcopal clergyman of
New York city; and the author of In
struction and Encouragement for Lent;
Church Reform in Mexico; and Mediaeval
Papal and Ritual Principles Stated and
Contrasted. He died Aug. 31, 1889 in
Fishkill, N. Y.
HOBART, JOHN SJ.OSS, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born in 17is[
in Fail-field, Conn. He was judge of the
district court of New York, and held sev
eral important positions in that state dur
ing the revolutionary war, atter which he
was appointed one of the three judges of
the supreme court. He was a member of
the United States senate from February
to April, 1798, to till a vacancy; and was
then appointed judge of the United States
district court of New York. He died Feb.
HOBBIE, SELAH R., lawyer, public of
ficial, congressman, was born March 10
1797, in Newburg, N. Y. He was soon ap
pointed district attorney and brigade ma
jor and inspector; and was a representa
tive in congress from New York from
1827 to 1829. On the accession of General
Jackson to the presidency he was ap
pointed assistant postmaster-general
which position he held until 1850 He
died March 23, 1854, in Washington, D. C.
HOBBS, GEORGE THOMPSON artist
was born Feb. 18, 1846, in Philadelphia'
Pa. For twenty-five years he worked as
an architect. He studied art in Paris
and has become prominent as a landscape
and portrait painter.
HOBBS, LEWIS LYNDON, educator
college president, was born 1849, in Guil-
ford, N. C. For many years he was en
gaged in educational work; and was elect
ed the first president of Guilford college
in 1888.
HOBBS, MRS. MARY ERWIN, poet
was born June 21, 1841, in Bethany, N. Y.'
She was a writer of Portsmouth, N. H.;
and the author of a volume of poems.
HOBBY, WILLIAM, clergyman, author
was born in 1707, in Massachusetts. He
was a congregational clergyman of Read
ing, Mass., and the author of Vindication
of Whitefield; and Self-Examination. He
died in 1765.
HOBLITZELL, FETTER S., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct 7
]838, in Cumberland, Md. He served in
the confederate army during the war of
the rebellion. He was elected a member
of the state house of representatives in
1870, again in 1876, and was re-elected in
]878, serving the last term as speaker.
He was elected a representative from
Maryland to the forty-seventh and forty-
eighth congresses as a democrat.
HOCKADAY, JOHN A., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Jan. 6, 1837, in Cal-
laway county, Mo. He received his educ'a-
tion at the Westminster college of Ful
ton, Mo.; of which city ue is a prominent
lawyer. He has been city and county at
torney; was delegate to the national
peace convention at Philadelphia in 1866;
and elected to the state senate of Missouri
in 1867. In 1872 he was a presidential
elector on the Greeley ticket; and in 1888
on the Cleveland ticket. For two years
he was attorney-general of Missouri; for
twelve years a member of the board of
managers of the state lunatic asylum; for
six years of the school for the deaf and
dumb; and curator of the Missouri uni
versity for one year. During 1879-80 he
was again a member of the state senate;
and revised the laws of Missouri. In 1887
he was a delegate to the constitutional
centennial at Philadelphia; and in 1888
became permanent president of the dem
ocratic state convention. Since 1890 he
has been judge of the ninth judicial cir
cuit of Missouri.
486
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HODGDON, JOHN, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born in October, 1800, in Weare,
N. H. In 1832 he was a delegate to the
HaHimore presiden
tial convention; was
a member of the ex
ecutive council in
1833; and in 1834
was appointed land
agent for the state.
In 1846 he was elect
ed to the state sen
ate; and at the sec-
onu term was
chosen president of
that body. He re
signed this position
to become nominee for governor of the
state of Maine. In 1853 he moved to
Dubuque, Iowa; was elected mayor of
that city in 1859; and for some years was
president of the board of directors of the
public schools.
HODGE, ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER,
clergyman, author, was born July 18, 1823,
in Princeton, N. J. He was a presby-
terian clergyman, and professor of the
ology at Princeton college since 1877. He
was the author of Outlines of Theology;
Life of Charles Hodge; 'ihe Atonement;
Commentary on the Confession of Faith;
and Popular Lectures on Theological
Themes. He died Nov. 11, 188(1, in
Princeton, N. J.
HODGE, CHARLES, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 28, 1797, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a presbyterian clergyman,
for nearly forty years editor of the
Princeton Review, which he founded and
to which he was the chief contrib
utor. He was the author of Systematic
Theology; Commentaries on the Epistles;
Constitutional History of the Presbyte
rian Church in the United States; What
Is Darwinism?; Discussions in Church
Polity; and Conference Papers. He died
June 19, 1878, in Princeton, N. J.
HODGE, DWIGHT MUNSON. educator,
clergyman, author, poet, was born Aug.
9, 1847, in Salisbury, N. Y. He is a suc
cessful clergyman of the universalist
church. He is the author of several prose
works; and a number of meritorious
poems; and now fills a pastorate in
Franklin, Mass.
HODGE, EDWIN RICHARD, anatom
ist, physician, lecturer, was born Jan. 31,
1860. in England. He was professor of
anatomy and still lectures on osteology
in the university of Georgetown. He is
the anatomist to the army medical muse
um of Washington. D. C.
HODGE, FREDERICK WEBB, ethnolo
gist, author, was born in 1864, in Eng
land. He was an ethnologist at the Smith
sonian institution, and the author of Arch
itecture of the Prehistoric Pueblos of
Southern Arizona; and Methods of Irri
gation of the Ancient Inhabitants of the
Salado Valley.
HODGE. GfcORGE B., soldier, lawyer,
statesman, was born July 8, 1828, in Flem
ing county, Ky. He entered the confeder
ate service as a private in 1861, and was
soon afterward chosen to represent Ken
tucky in the confederate congress. He
became a brigadier-general, and partici
pated in the battle of Chickamauga, sub
sequently commanding the districts of
east Louisiana and Mississippi until the
close of the war. He was state senator
in 1873-77.
HODGE, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
state treasurer, was born July 5, 1845, in
Seymour, Conn. In 1876 he purchased an
Interest in the nrm of House and Com
pany, press paper manufacturers, and
later became sole proprietor of the busi
ness, which he still conducts. ' He served
in the lower house of the Connecticut leg
islature; in 1889 was chosen state sen
ator; and in 1894 was elected treasurer of
the state.
HODGE, HUGH LENOX, educator,
physician, author, was born June 27, 1796,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He is a physician
who was professor of obstetrics in the
university of Pennsylvania. He was the'
author of Principles and Practice of Ob
stetrics; and Diseases Peculiar to Women.
He died Feb. 26, 1873, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HODGE, HUGH LENOX, physician,
surgeon, was born July 30, 1836, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 18bl he was appointed
demonstrator of surgery and chief of the
surgical dispensary of the university of
Pennsylvania, and in 1870 was made dem
onstrator of anatomy. He died June 10,
1881, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HODGE, JOHN ASPINWALL, clergy
man, author, was born in 1831, in Penn
sylvania. He was a presbyterian clergy
man in Hartford in 1860-92, and is the
author of What is Presbyterian Law?;
Theology of the Snorter Catechism; and
Recognition After Death.
HODGES, ASA, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born Jan. 22, 1823. He
moved to Arkansas; and in 1866 was a
delegate to the constitutional convention
under the reconstruction acts of congress.
In 1868 he was elected a representative in
the general assembly. In 1870 he was
elected a member of the state senate; and
was elected to the forty-third congress
from Arkansas.
HODGES, CHARLES D., congressman.
He was elected a representative in con
gress from Illinois, and took his seat
during the second session of the tnirty-
fifth congress.
HODGES, DANIEL F., poet, was born
Feb. 17, 1835, in Belfast, Maine. He com
posed a number of song books, and is the
author of a number of poems.
HODGES, GEORGE, clergyman, author,
was born in 1856, in New York. He is
an episcopal clergyman, dean of the the
ological school at Cambridge from 1894,
and prominent among broad church
thinkers. He is the author of The Heresy
of Cain; Christianity Between Sundays;
and Faith and Social Service.
HODGES, GEORGE T., merchant, bank
er, congressman, was born July 4, 1789, in
Clarendon, Vt. He served frequently in
both houses of the state legislature. He
was a representative In congress from
Vermont during the third session Oi the
thirty-fourth congress. For more than
a quarter of a century he was president
of the bank of Rutland. He died Sept. 9,
1860, in Rutland, Vt.
HODGES, JAMES, merchant, public of
ficial, was born Aug. 11, 1822, in Liberty
Hall. Md. In 1846, in connection with
his brother he start-
^^^^^ ed a wholesale house
| in Baltimore, Md.,
Ak which is now one of
the largest business
t ttL. houses in that city.
Bp In issr, he was elect-
^ ed mayor of Balti
more,, and his ad
ministration was
. marked by wisdom
I and purity. In 1887
he was a candidate
for the democratic,
nomination for governor of Maryland,
and in 1891 he was a candidate for tne
same office. He has traveled extensively
and possesses one of the finest collections
of rare works of art in America.
HODGES, JAMES HARRISON, physi
cian, surgeon, scientist, was born June 16,
1866, in Worthington Springs. Fia. He
has gained prominence as a physician
and surgeon; and lectures on surgery and
medicine in the Florida Medical associa
tion. He is also the president of the Flor
ida Society for Scientific Research.
HODGES, JAMES L., state senator,
congressman. He was a state senator in
1823 and 1824; and was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts from 1827
to 1831. He died March 8, 1846.
HODGKIN, LOUISE MANNING, edu
cator, author, was born in 1846, in Massa
chusetts. She is an educator who was
from 1876 to 1891 professor of English
literature in Wellesley college. She is
the author ot Guide to the Study ot Nine
teenth Century Literature.
HODGKINSON. JOHN, actor, was born
in 1766, in England. His real name was
Meadowcraft. He played in Philadelphia
and Boston; and was the manager of sev
eral theaters. He was the author of The
Man of Fortitude, and other pieces, rie
died Sept. 12, 1805, in Washington, D. C.
HODGSON, FRANCIS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 13, 1805, in England.
He was a methodist minister in Pennsyl
vania and other states. He was the au
thor of Examination into the System of
New Divinity; Ecclesiastical Policy of
Methodism Defended; and Calvinistic
Doctrine of Predestination Examined and
Refuted. He died April 16, 1877.
HOE, RICHARD MARCH, manufac
turer, inventor, was born Sept. 12, 1812,
in New York city. He was one of three
sons of the original founder of the house
of Robert Hoe. These three sons, with
Richard as head of the firm, in 1847 gave
to the world the first rotary printing
press, and later the web perfecting print
ing machines, which have made the cheap
newspaper a possibility, and completely
revolutionized the world of printing. He
died June 7, 1886, in Italy.
HOE, ROBERT, manufacturer, was
born Oct. 29, 1784, in England. The rioe
press was brought out by him, and built
from ideas that were obtained from the
English flat-bed cylinder presses. He is
said to have been the first American ma
chinist to employ steam as a moior for
his machinery. He died Jan. 4, 1833, in
Westchester county, N. Y.
HOE. ROBEttT, manufacturer, was
born July 19, 1815, in New York city. He
was associated with his father and elder
brother in the manufacture of printing
presses. He was one of the founuers of
the National Academy of Design, and a
patron of young artists, ile died Sept.
13, 1884, in Tarrytown, N. Y.
HOE, ROBERT, manufacturer, was
born March 10, 1839, in New York city.
In 1863 Robert Hoe entered the press
manufacturing es-
••^^•••••i tablishment of his
father as a partner.
From that time to
the present, his lab
ors in connection
with it have been
unremitting. Dur
ing the past ten
years, at the head of
a large establish
ment, doubled in
size and importam <•
since the death of
his father and uncle, and including in its
personnel a great variety of talent, he has
produced some of the most remarkable
pieces of mechanism of the centurv.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
487
HOEY, JOSEPHINE, actress, was born
in June, 1824, in England. In If>a9 she
appeared in small parts at the National
theater in New York, and thereafter be
came a stock actress in other places.
HOtF, HENRY KUHN, naval officer,
was born In 1809, in Pennsylvania. He
was appointed a midshipman from South
Carolina in 1823, and became a commo
dore. He died Dec. 25, 1878, in Washing
ton, D. C.
HOFF, J. WALLACE, journalist, au
thor, was born July 7, 1867, in Rahway,
N. J. He studied law and subsequently
entered journalism. For several years
he was connected with tne State Gazette
of Trenton, N. J.; and in 1895 founded the
Mercer Review. He has written numer
ous local historical sketches; and is the
author of a volume of short stories, and
a work entitled Two Hundred Miles on
the Delaware River.
HOFFER, JOHN, merchant, was born
Feb. 4, 1860, in Bonham, Texas. He re
ceived his education in the common
schools, and at the Texas Military Insti
tute of Austin. He was corresponding
clerk of the school land department, and
filled various other public positions in
Armstrong county, Texas. He has at
tained success as a wholesale and retail
merchant of Clarendon, Texas.
HOFFMANN, AUGUST AVILLIAM, mu
sician, composer, was born July 26, 1866,
in Germany. He is a successful teacher of
harmony and composition in the Beetho
ven Conservatory of Music of St. Louis,
Mo. He is the author of several piano
pieces; and of a number of dances played
by Gilmore's band and other orchestras.
HOFFMAN, BEEKMAN VERPLANCK,
naval officer, was born Nov. -o. 1789, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He entered the navy
as midshipman in 1805, and reached the
grade of captain in 1829. He died Dec.
10, 1834, in Jamaica, L. I.
HOFFMAN, CHARLES FENNO, au
thor, poet, was born in 1806, in New York
city. He was a popular poet and story
writer of New York
city who from 1850
lived in absolute re
tirement by reason
of mental disorder.
He excelled as a
song writer, his best
known songs being.
Spa rkling and
Bright; and The
Myrtle and Steel. He
is the author of A
Winter in the West;
Wild Scenes in the
Forest and Prairie; The Vigil of Faith,
and Other Poems; The Ecno, or Borrowed
Notes for Home Circulation; and Love's
Calendar, ana Other Poems; Grayslaer,
a novel. He died June 7, 1884, in Harris-
burg, Pa.
HOFFMAN, CLARA CLhuHORNE, ed
ucator, lecturer, was born Jan. 18, 1836, in
De Kalb, N. Y. For twelve years she was
principal of the Great Ward school of
Kansas City, Mo., where she still resides.
She previously taught in Keokuk, Iowa,
and in Columbia, 111. In 1882 she was
elected president of the Missouri Woman's
Christian Temperance union; and in
1893 was elected recording secretary of
the National Woman's Christian Tem
perance union. She has lectured in all
the states of the union, and in Great
Britain and Canada. Humphrey Cleg-
horne, her father, kept an underground
railway station for runaway slaves flee
ing to Canada. In 1861 she married Dr.
Goswin Hoffman, now a successful Ger
man physician of Kansas City, Mo.
HOFFMAN, 1/-VID, educator, lawyer,
author, was born Dec. 25, 1784, in Balti
more, Md. He was a lawyer who was
professor of law in the university of
Maryland, and the author of A Course of
Legal Study; Legal Outlines; Legal
Hints; Miscellaneous Thoughts on Men
and Things; Chronicles Selected from the
Originals of Cartaphilus, the Wandering
Jew; and Viator, a Peep into My Note
book. He died Nov. 11, 1854, in New York
city.
HOFFMAN, DAVID BANCROFT, phy
sician, author, was born July 25, 1827, in
Bainbridge, N. Y. He is a physician of
San Diego who has published Medical
History of San Diego County, California.
HOFFMAN, EUGENE AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, and dean of the General Theo
logical seminary of New York city, was
born March 21, 1829,
in New York city.
He received his edu
cation at the Colum
bia college. Gram
mar college, Rut-
ger's college, and
Harvard university.
He has been rector
| of Christ church of
Elizabeth, N. J.; St.
Mary's church of
Burlington, N. J.;
Grace church ,of
Brooklyn Heights; and St. Mark's church
of Philadelphia. 'I his eminent clergyman
of the protestant episcopal church is now
dean of the General Theological seminary
of New York city, and the author of Free
Churches; The Ritualistic Week; Manual
of Devotion for Communicants: and otner
works.
HOFFMAN, HENRY W., congressman,
was born in Maryland. He was a repre
sentative in congress trom that state from
1855 to 1857. In 1861 he was appointed
collector of the port of Baltimore.
HOFFMAN, JOHN N., clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1804, in Pennsylvania.
He was a lutheran clergyman of Lebanon,
Pa., and the author of Evangelical
Hymns, Original and Selected; A Collec
tion of Tests; and The Broken Platform,
a Defence of the Symbolical Books of the
Lutheran Church. He died in 1857.
HOFFMAN, JOHN THOMPSON, law
yer, governor, was born Jan. 10, 1828, in
Sing Sing, N. Y. He was elected recorder
of New York city in 1860 and 1863; and
was elected mayor in 1865, and re-elected
in 1867. He was chosen governor in 1869,
serving until 18 12. He died March 24,
1888, in Germany.
HOFFMAN, MICHAEL, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1788, in Clifton
Park, N. Y. He was elected to congress
in 1824, and continued a member for eight
years. He was appointed a canal com
missioner for the state of New York,
wrote several able reports, and resigned
the office in 1835. In 1841 he went into
the house of assembly from Herkimer
county. He died Sept. 27, 1848, in Broo^-
lyn.
HOFFMAN, MURRAY, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born Sept. 29, 1791, in New
York city. He was a prominent jurist of
New York city, and the author of Office,
and Duties of Masters in Chancery; Es
tate and Rights of the Corporation of
New York as Proprietors; Law of the
Protestant Episcopal Church in the United
States; Ecclesiastical Law in the State
of New York; and Law and Practice as to
References. He died May 7, 1878, in
Flushing, L. I.
HOFFMAN, OGuEN, lawyer, congress
man, was born May 3, 1793, in New York
city. He entered the navy as a midship
man, but in three
years resigned. He
was appointed dis
trict attorney of
Orange county; and
removed to New
York city in 1826. in
1828 he was a repre
sentative in the leg
islature; from 1829
to 1835 was district
attorney; and was
appointed United
States district attor
ney by President Harrison. From 1837
to 1841 he was a representative in con
gress; and was again elected to congress
in 1848. In 1854 he was appointed at
torney-general of the state. He died May
1, 1856, in New York city.
HOFFMAN. OGDEN, lawyer, jurist,
was born Oct. 16, 1822, in Goshen, N. Y.
In 1850 he moved to California, and com
menced the practice of law; and in 1851
was appointed judge of the United States
district court for the district of Cali
fornia.
HOFFMAN, RICHARD C., railroad
president, was born July 13, 1839, in Bal
timore, Md. Since 1893 he has been pres
ident of the Sea Board Air line.
HOFFMAN, RICHARD H., musician,
composer, was born May 24, 1831, in
England. He was the solo piano player
of the first series of the Jenny Lind con
certs. He settled in New York as a
teacher and concert player.
HOFFMAN, WICKHAM, soldier, au
thor, was born April 2, 1821, in New York
city. He is a diplomatist who, after serv
ing as secretary of legation at Paris, Lon
don and St. Petersburg successively, was
minister to Denmark in 1883-85. He is
the author of Camp, Court and Siege, a
Narrative of Personal Adventure During
Two V/ars; and Leisure Hours in Russia.
HOFFMAN, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born Dec. 2, 1807, in New York city. He
served in the Sioux expedition of 1855,
and in 1858 in the Utah expedition and
the march to California. He became a
lieutenant-colonel in 1860. and was sub
sequently brevetted brigadier-general and
major-general. He died Aug. 12, 1884, in
Rock Island, 111.
HOFFORD, MARTIN LOWRIE, clergy
man, educator, was born Jan. 27, 1825,
near Doylestown, Pa. In 1860 he became
a teacher in the Trenton city institute,
and in 1863 took charge of a military in
stitute at Allentown, Pa., which flour
ished under his administration, and was
incorporated as Muhlenberg college, in
which he was a professor and afterward
president.
HOGAN, JOHN, banker, author, was
born Jan. 2, 1805, in Ireland. He was a
politician and banker of St. Louis, and
its postmaster; and the author of
Thoughts About St. Louis; Resources of
Missouri; Suetches of Early Western
Pioneers; and History of Western Metho
dism. He died in 1892.
HOGAN, JOHN ALVIN, educator, was
born Nov. 16, 1859, in St. Anthony, now
East Minneapolis, Minn. He received the
rudiments of his education in the district
schools, and graduated from the state
university of Minnesota. He has attained
success as an educator, and since 1889
has been county superintendent of
schools, with headquarters in St. Paul,
Minn.
488
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOGAN, JOHN JOSEPH, Roman cath
olic bishop, was born May 10, 1829, in
Ireland. In 1882 he began to build the
cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
in Kansas.
HOGAN, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1792, in New York
city. He was for many years a county
judge; was a representative in congress
from New York from 1831 to 1833; and in
1850 became an examiner of claims in
the department of state, which position
was soon exchanged for that of trans
lator. He died about Io75, in Washing
ton, D. C.
HOGE, BEVERLY LACY, lawyer, pro
hibitionist, was born April 8, 1863, in
Montgomery county, Va. He received his
education at the
Virginia A. and M.
college of Blacks-
burg. He is the
youngest son of Hon.
James F. Hoge, and
a grandson of Gen
eral James Hoge.
Mr. Hoge has been
prominent in church
and prohibition
work of his state for
the past twelve
years; and as a law
yer he has the largest practice of any
lawyer in Roanoke, Va. He has canvassed
the state for the prohibition party; and
has had marked success as an evangelist.
He has been chairman of the state execu
tive committee of the prohibition party
of Virginia; and has filled with honor
various positions in his town, county and
state.
HOGE, JAMES, clergyman, was born in
1784, in Moorfield, Va. He was the pion
eer of the temperance movement in Ohio,
and an ardent abolitionist, although born
in a slave state. He was instrumental in
establishing the state deaf, dumb, blind,
and insane asylums; was a trustee of two
educational institutions: and a founder
of the Ohio Bible society. He died Sept.
22, 1863, in Columbus, Ohio.
HOGE, JOHN, soldier, state senator,
congressman, was born Sept. 10, 1760,
near Carlisle, Pa. He entered the army of
the revolution in 1776, and was made
ensign of the ninth Pennsylvania regi
ment. In 1782 he moved to the western
part of the state, and with his brother
William founded the town of Washington.
From 1790 to 1795 he served in the state
senate. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania in 1804 and 1805.
He died Aug. 4, 1824, near Washington,
Pa.
HOGE, JOHN BLAIR, lawyer, jurist,
banker, congressman, was born Feb. 2,
1825, in Richmond, Va. He was a mem
ber of the state house of representatives
from 1855 to 1859. He served in the con
federate army as a commissioned officer
throughout the war of the rebellion. He
was circuit Judge from 1872 to 1880, and
was elected to the forty-seventh congress
as a representative from West Virginia
as a democrat.
HOGE, JOSEPH P., congressman, was
born in Ohio. He removed to Illinois,
and was elected a representative in con
gress from that state from 1843 to 1847.
HOGE. MOSES, educator, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 15, 1752, in Freder
ick county, Va. He was a presbyterian
clergyman and educator of Virginia, pres
ident of Hampden and Sidney college in
1806-20, and widely known as an eloquent
preacher. He was the author of Christian
Panoply, a Reply to Palne's Age of Rea
son; and Sermons. He died July 5, 1820,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
HOGE, SAMUEL DAVIES, educator,
clergyman, was born in 1791, in Shep-
herdstown, Va. In 1824 he became pro
fessor of mathematics anu natural phi
losophy in the Ohio university, Athens;
was acting president for several sessions;
and pastor of the town and college
churches. He died Dec. 10, 1826, in
Athens, Ohio.
HOGE, SOLOMON LA FAYETTE, sol
dier, jurist, congressman, was born about
1837, in Logan county, Ohio. He entered
the army as first lieutenant in the in
fantry; was twice brevetted for gallant
conduct in battle; and at the close of the
war received a commission in the regu
lar army. He was elected associate jus
tice of the supreme court of the state by
the general assembly; and was elected to
the forty-first and forty-fourth con
gresses.
HOGE, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in 1762, in Cumberland county, Pa.
He founded the town of Washington; was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1801 to 1804, when he re
signed; and again from 1807 to 1809. He
died Sept. 25, 181i, in Washington, D. C.
HOGE, WILLIAM JAMES, clergyman,
author, was born in 1821, near Hampden
Sidney college, Va. He was a presby
terian clergyman of New York city, and
subsequently of Petersburg, Va., very pop
ular in his day, and the author of Blind
Bartimeus, or the Sightless Sinner. He
died July 5, 1864, in Petersburg, Va.
HOGEBOOM, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born in 1808, in Co
lumbia county, N. Y. In 1831 he became
a master in chancery and county judge of
Columbia county, and in 1839 was elected
to the legislature. In 1857 he was elected
justice of the supreme court, and again in
1865. He died Sept. 12, 1872, in Hudson,
N. Y.
HOGEBOOM, JAMES L., congressman.
He was a member of the New York con
stitutional convention of 1821; and was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1823 to 1825.
HOGG, CHARLES EDGAR, lawyer,
lecturer, congressman, author, was born
Dec. 21, 1852, In Pleasant Flats, W. Va.
He was admitted to the bar in 1875, and
in 1887 was elected to the fiftieth congress
from the fourth congressional district of
West Virginia. He is the author of
Hogg's Pleading and Forms, a work on
common law practice.
HOGG. JAMES STEPHEN, lawyer, jur
ist, governor, was born March 24, 1851,
near Rusk, Texas. He commenced life as
a printer, entered journalism, and for
several years was the owner and editor
of a newspaper. He was admitted to the
bar, and in 1886 was elected attorney-
general of Texas. In 1890 he was elected
to the high office of governor of Texas,
and was elected to a second term. He
had previously filled the office of justice
of the peace; district and county attor
ney, and other minor offices. He has
been a consistent democrat; has never
been defeated in the conventions of his
party, nor at the polls; and in the face of
the brightest prospects has declined to
become a candidate for United States sen
ator, preferring to devote his time to
private life and his profession.
HOGG, SAMUEL, physician, congress
man, was born April 18, 1873, in Halifax.
N. C. He served as surgeon in the army
during the Creek war. He was elected to
the state legislature; was a representa
tive in congress from 1817 to 1819, and
declined a re-election. He was president
of the Medical Society of Tennessee. He
died May 28. 1842, in Nashville, Tenn.
HOGG, WILSON THOMAS, clergyman,
author, was born in 1852, in New York.
He is a free methodist clergyman, presi
dent of Greenville college, and the au
thor of Handbook of Homiletics and Pas
toral Theology; and Revivals and Re
vival Work.
HOGUE, NICHOLAS, farmer, jurist,
legislator, was born June 4, 1843, in Etna
Borough, Pa. He was school director for
nine years; has served as justice of the
peace; and for one term was a member
of the Pennsylvania state legislature.
HOGUE, SOLOMON FISHER, clergy
man, educator, college president, was
born April 1, 1848, near Waynesburg, Pa.
He received his education in the district
school, Waynesburg college, the state
normal school and at the Cornell uni
versity of Ithaca, N. Y. In his youth he
learned the wagon making trade; and
while working at the bench studied dur
ing his spare moments. He subsequently
taught school and finished his education;
and has since been county superintendent
of public instruction of Greene county.
Pa.; president of Monongahela college;
principal of the Ellwood academy, Pa.;
and of Hall institute of Sharon, Pa. Rev.
S. F. Hogue has received the degrees of
A. M., M. E. D., and Ph. D.
HOIT, ALBERT GALLATIN, artist,
was born Dec. 13, 1809, in Sandwich, N.
H. He became a portrait1 painter, but he
was also successful as a landscape artist.
He died Dec. 18, 1856, in West Roxbury,
Mass.
HOIT. JAMES DE WITT C., physician,
poet, was born Aug. 25, 1842, in Laconia,
N. H. He graduated in medicine from
the Missouri Med
ical college of St.
Louis; and has prac
ticed his profession
with success in
Yates City and Elm-
wood, 111. He has
contributed exten
sively to medical lit
erature and the pe
riodical press; and
nib poems have been
incorporated into
Poets of America
and other standard works.
HOKE, JACOB, author. He is the au
thor of The Age we Live In; Holi
ness, or the Higher Christian Life; Clus
ters from Eshcol; Guide to the Battle-
Field of Gettysburg; and The Great In
vasion of 1863.
HOKE, MARTHA HARRIET, artist,
was born. March 26, 1861, in St. Louis,
Mo. As a portrait painter on ivory her
name is prominently known, and she is
also known by her superior work in black
and white. During 1890 she taught draw
ing from the antique in the St. Louis
School of Fine Arts.
HOLAHAN, MARTHA EILEEN, poet,
was born July 1, 1863, in Turner, 111. She
is the author of a poem in one volume
entitled Nondescript, or The Passionate
Recluse.
HOLBROOK, ALFRED, educator, was
born in 1816, in Derby, Conn. He pos
sessed great inventive talents and a taste
for civil engineering, but devoted himself
to educational work. He founded a
large institution at Lebanon, Ohio, prin
cipally for the training of teachers, which
proved successful. In 1897 he was elect
ed chancellor of the Southern Normal
university of Huntington, Tenn. He is
the author of The Normal, or Methods of
Teaching; an English Grammar Conform
ed to Present Usage; a volume of Lec
tures; and other works.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOLBROOK, AMOS, physician, was
born Jan. 23, 1754, in Bellingham, Mass.
He established temporary hospitals for
the admission of patients who had been
inoculated for the small-pox, and was ac
tive in introducing and promoting public
vaccination in Milton, Mass., which was
the first town in the country that in a
corporate capacity gave its inhabitants
the benefits of this protective agent He
died June 17, 1842, in Milton, Mass.
HOLBROOK, CHARLES C., lawyer ju
rist, was born July 13, 184s! in Russell
county, Va. In 1881 he was elected dis
trict attorney of the fourth judicial dis
trict of Colorado at Alamosa. In 1891 he
was elected district judge for an unex-
pired term of three years; and in 1894
was re-elected to the same office for a full
term of six years.
HOLBROOK, E. D., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1836, in Elyria, Ohio
Having moved to Idaho, he was elected a
•delegate from that territory to the thirty-
ninth congress; and re-elected to the for
tieth congress.
HOLBROOK, FREDERICK, governor
was born in 1813, in East Windsor, Conn.'
He was governor of Vermont from 1861 to
1863.
HOLBROOK, JAMkS, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1812. He was, from
1845, a special agent of the United States
postofflce. He published Ten Years
Among the Mailbags. He died April 28
1864, in Brooklyn, Conn.
HOLBROOK, JOHN EDWARDS physi
cian, naturalist, author, was born Dec 30
1794, in Beaufort, S. C. He was a physi
cian and naturalist, professor of anatomy
at the medical college in Charleston for
more than thirty years, and was the au
thor of American Herpetology; and
Ichthyology of South Carolina. He died
Sept. 8, 1871, in Norfolk, Mass.
HOLBROOK, MARTIN LUTHER, phy
sician, editor, author, was born Feb. 30,
1831, in Mantua, Ohio. He is a physician
of New York city, professor of hygiene in
the New York Medical College and Hos
pital for Women, and editor of The Her
ald of Health and Journal of Hygiene.
He is the author of Parturition Without
Pain; Eating for Strength; Hygiene of
Brain and Nerves; Marriage and Parent
age; How to Strengthen the Memory; and
Hygienic Treatment of Consumption.
HOLBROOK. REGINALD HEBER, ed
ucator, author, was born April 10, 1845, in
Berea, Ohio. He was the president of the
Normal university of Lebanon, Ohio. He
is the author of The New Method; First
Principles of Science of Education; and
Outlines of United States History.
HOLBROOK, SILAS PINCKNEY, law
yer, author, was born June 1, 1796, in
Beaufort, S. C. He was a lawyer of Med-
field, Mass., and the author of Sketches
by a Traveller. He died May 26, 1835 in
Pineville, S. C.
HOLCOMB, GEORGE, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Lambertsville, N.
He was a member of the state legisla
ture in 1815; and was a representative in
congress from New Jersey from 1821 to
1828. He died Jan. 14, 1828, in Allen-
town.
HOLCOMB, SILAS ALEXANDER, law
yer, jurist, governor, was born Aug. 25,
1858, in Gibson county, Ind. For two
terms he served as judge of the twelfth
judicial district of Nebraska; was elected
governor of Nebraska in 1894, and re
ceived the re-election in 1896.
HOLCOMBE, AMASA, scientist, state
senator, was born June 18, 1787, in Cran-
by. Conn. He had no competitors in the
manufacturing of the reflecting telescope
for twenty years; and he constructed the
first instrument and took the first Daguer-
rean portrait in this county. He was jus
tice of the peace for thirty-two years; and
elected a state senator in 1840. He died
Feb. 27, 1873, in South wick, Mass.
HOLCOMBE, HENRY, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 22, 1762, in Virginia.
He was a baptist clergyman of Philadel
phia, and the author of Lectures on Prim
itive Theology; and First Fruits. He died
May 22, 1826, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HOLCOMBE, HOSEA, clergyman, au
thor, was born July 20, 1780, in Union
district, S. C. He was a baptist clergy
man of Alabama, and the author of Col
lection of Sacred Hymns; Anti-Mission
Principles Exposed; and History of Ala
bama Baptists. He died in 1841, in Jeffer
son county, Ala.
HOLCOMBE, JAMES PHILhMON,
lawyer, educator, author, was born Sept.
25. 1820, in Lynchburg, Va. He was a
lawyer and educator of Virginia, profes
sor of law in the university of Virginia
in 1852-60, and a member of the confed
erate congress in 1861-1863. He was the
author of Law of Debtor and Creditor;
Literature and Letters; Introduction to
Equity Jurisprudence; Leading Cases
upon Commercial Law; Digest of United
States Supreme Court Decisions; and
Merchants' Book of Reference. He died
Aug. 26, 1873, in Capon Springs, Va.
HOLCOMBE, MELVIN ALLEN, educa
tor, lawyer, author, was born April 16,
1870, in Maulden, Ky. He received the
rudiments of his education in the public
schools of his native state; attended the
National Normal university of Lebanon,
Ohio, and the College of Kentucky. For
several years he taught in the public
schools; and during 1894-97 was superin
tendent of public schools for Jackson
county, Ky. He has built fifty-four
school houses; and is now professor of
mathematics in the Berea college. He
was admitted to the bar in 1894; is the
author of The History of Jackson Coun
ty; and has contributed extensively to
current literature.
HOLCOMBE, WILLIAM FREDERICK,
physician, author, was born in 1827. in
Maine. He is a physician of New York
city, professor of eye and ear diseases in
several medical institutions, and is the
author of History of Mount Sterling, Ken
tucky; History of the Holcombes in
America; and Family Records, their Im
portance and Value.
HOLCOMBE, WILLIAM HENRY, phy
sician, author, poet, was born May 25
1825, in Lynchburg, Va. He was a
homoeopathic physician of New Orleans,
who was well known as a Swedenborgiari
writer, and was the author of Our Chil
dren in Heaven; Lost Truths of Chris
tianity; The Other Life; Southern
Voices, a volume of verse; Scientific Ba
sis of Homoeopathy; How I Became
a Homoeopath; Poems; The Sexes Here
and Hereafter; In Both Worlds; The End
of the World; The New Tenant; Letters
on Spiritual Subjects; and Condensed
Thoughts About Christian Science. He
died in 1894.
HOLDEN, EDMUND SINGLETON, as
tronomer, educator, author, was born
Nov. 5, 1846, in St. Louis, Mo. He is an
astronomer, president of the university of
California since 1880, and director of the
Lick observatory. He is the author of
Astronomy for Students; Life of Sir Wil
liam Herschel; Monograph of the Central
Parts of the Nebula of Orion; Notes on
the Bastion System of Fortification; As
tronomical Bibliography; Handbook of
Lick Observatory; and The Mogul Emper
ors of Hindustan.
HOLDEN, GEORGE HENRY, author,
was born in 1848, in Massachusetts. He is
the proprietor of a bird store in Boston
who has published Canaries and Cage
Birds.
HOLDEN, LUTHER LOUD, author. He
is the author of Persis, a Tale of the
White Mountains; and A Summer Jaunt
through the Old World.
HOLDEN, OLIVER, composer, was
born Sept. 18,' 1763, in Shirley, Mass. He
will always be remembered by his world
wide regal hymn. Coronation. He died in
1831, in Charlestown, Mass.
HOLDEN, \VARREN, educator, poet,
was born Feb. 1, 1817, in Newark, N. J.
After receiving his education he took a
voyage round Cape
Horn to the west
coast of South
America. He subse
quently became a
teacher in Pennsyl
vania, Virginia and
New Jersey, until
called to Girard col
lege in 1852. After
forty-five years of
service as professor
of mathematics in
that institution, he
was retired in 1896 with a yearly pension
He is the author of several volumes of
poems, entitled Fourteen Sonnets; Song
the Sea; Autobiography of Love; Spir
itual Evolution; Discovery of America;
and others. All these works contain gems
of song that place Mr. Holden in the fore
most rank of American poets.
HOLDEN, WILLIAM WOODS, journal
ist, governor, was born Nov. 24 1818 in
Orange county, N. C. He was provisional
governor of the state in 1865; was elected
governor in 1869, but was impeached for
malfeasance in office, and in 1872 was re
moved from the governorship by a two-
thirds vote of the senate of North Caro
lina, sitting as a court of impeachment.
HOLDER, CHARLES FREDERICK
naturalist, author, was born Aug. 5 185l'
m Lynn, Mass. He is a naturalist of New
York city, and a popular writer upon nat
ural history topics. He is the author of
Elements of Zoology; Marvels of Animal
Life; The Ivory King; Living Lights;
Wonder Wings; A Strange Company A
Frozen Dragon, and Other Tales' All
About Pasadena; Along the Florida Reef-
Life of Agassiz; and Young Folks' Story
Book of Natural History.
HOLDER, JOSEPH BASSETT zoolo
gist, author, was born Oct. 26, 1808, in
Lynn, Mass. He was a zoologist who
was a curator in the American Museum of
Natural History, New York city. He was
the author of History of the North Ameri
can Fauna; History of the Atlantic Right
Whales; and The Living World. He died
Feb. 28, 1888, in New York city.
HOLDICH, JOSEPH, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 20, 1804, in England.
He is a methodist clergyman who was
secretary of the American Bible society
in 1849-78, and is the author of Bible His
tory; Life of A. H. Hurd; and Life of
Wilbur Fisk.
HOLLADAY, ALBERT LEWIS, college
president, was born April 16, 1805 in
Spottsylvania county, Va. In 1856 he was
elected president of Hampden Sidney col
lege. He died Oct. 18, 1856, in Mansfield
Va.
HOLLADAY, ALEXANDER R., con
gressman, was born in Virginia. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1849 to 1853.
490
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOLLADAY, LEWIS L., college presi
dent, was born Feb. 23, 1832, in Spottsyl-
vania county, Va. From 1889-91 he was
president of Hampden Sidney college. He
died July 23, 1891.
HOLLAND, CORNELIUS, physician,
state senator, congressman, was born July
9, 1782. He was a member of the Maine
constitutional convention of 1819, from
Canton; a member of the state legislature
in 1820 and 1821; and a state senator in
1822, 1825, and 1826. He was a represent
ative in congress irom Maine from 1830
to 1833.
HOLLAND, DE WITT CLINTON, busi
ness man, justice of the peace, was born
Aug. 2, 1842, in Canada. Since 1869 he
has been successfully engaged in the
transfer and the express business at Me-
chanicsburg, Ohio. He has taken an ac
tive part in the public affairs of his state,
and is now serving a third term as justice
of the peace.
HOLLAND, EDWARD CLIFFORD,
journalist, poet, was born in 1794, in
Charleston, S. C. He was a journalist of
Charleston who was the author of a vol
ume of Odes, Naval Songs, and Ocher
Poems. He died Sept. 11, 1824, in Charles
ton, S. C.
HOLLAND, FREDERICK MAY, clergy
man, author, was born May 2, 1836, in
Boston, Mass. He is a Unitarian clergy
man of Massachusetts, and the author of
The Reign of the Stoics; Stories from
Robert Browning; The Rise of Intellec
tual Liberty from Thales to Copernicus;
and Life of Frederick Douglass.
HOLLAND, FREDERICK WEST, cler
gyman, author, was born June 23, 1811, in
Boston, Mass. He was a Unitarian cler
gyman of Concord, Mass., and the author
of Scenes in Palestine; and Sinai and Je
rusalem, or Scenes from Bible Lands.
HOLLAND, HENRY WARE, lawyer,
journalist, author, was born in 1844, in
New York. He is a Boston lawyer and
journalist, ami the author of William
Dawes and His Ride with Paul Revere.
HOLLAND, JAMES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
North Carolina, from 1795 to 1797; and
again from 1801 to 1811.
HOLLAND. JOSIAH GILBERT— TIM
OTHY T1TCOMB— lecturer, author, poet,
was born July 24, 1819, In Belchertown,
Mass. He was edit
or of The Springfield
Republican in 1849-
66. and of Scribner's
Magazine from 1870
until his death. He
was the author of
Kathrina; Bitter
Sweet; The Mistress
of The Manse; The
Marble Prophecy :
Garnered Sheaves,
including all his
poems up to 1873;
The Puritan's Guest, and Other Poems. In
fiction: The Bay Path; Arthur Bonnicas-
tle; Sevenoaks; Miss Gilbert's Career:
Nicholas Minturn. His other works com
prise: Gold Foil Hammered from Popular
Proverbs; History of Western Massachu
setts; Letters to Young People; Lessons
in Life: Concerning the Jones Family;
Plain Talks on Familiar Subjects; and
Life of Abraham Lincoln. He died Oct.
12, 1881, In New York city.
HOLLAND, ROBERT AFTON. clergy
man, author, was born in 1844. in Tennes
see. He Is an episcopal clergyman of St.
Louis, but formerly a clergyman of the
methodist faith. He is the author of The
Philosophy of the Real Presence; Rela
tions of Philosophy to Agnosticism and
Religion; The Proof of Immortality; Mid
summer Night's Dream, an Interpreta
tion; Democracy in the Church; and
What is the Use of Going to Church?
HOLLEMAN. JOEL, educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 1, 1799, in the
county of Isle of Wight, Va. He was a
representative in congress from Virginia,
from 1839 to 1840. He was subsequently
in the state legislature for several years,
and was speaker of the house. He died
in August, 1844.
HOLLENBACK, FRANK R.. poet. He
has written extensively both prose and
verse, which have appeared in the west
ern papers, and in several standard col
lections.
HOLLEY, ALEXANDER H., governor,
was born in Connecticut. He was gover
nor of his native state in 1857.
HOLLEY, ALEXANDER LYMAN, civil
engineer, metallurgist, author, was born
July 20, 1832, in Lakeville. Conn. He was
an engineer of eminence who was a lec
turer on iron and steel manufacture in
the Columbia School of Mines from 1879,
and an inventor of prominence. He was
the author of Railway Economics; and
Treatise on Ordnance and Armor. He
died Jan. 29, 1882, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HOI-LEY, HENRY W.. poet, was born
May 5, 1828, in Pierrepont Manor, N. Y.
From an early age he contributed exten
sively to periodical
literature. He is the
author of three po
etical works entitled
Moods and Emotions
in Rhyme; The Poli
ticians and Other
Poems; and What I
Think, a satire. He
is also the author of
two works in prose
entitled The Hig-
ginsville Papers;
and Random Shots
at Living Targets. As an author Mr. Hoi-
ley has achieved great success, and the
press speaks in glowing terms of both his
prose and verse. His poems have been
given a place in Poets of America and
other standard works. He died June 2t.
1897, in Everett, Wash.
HOLLEY, JOHN M., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in 1802, in
Salisbury, Conn. He was a member of
the New York assembly from 1838 to
1841; and was elected a representative in
congress from New York from 1847 to
1848. He died March 8, 1848, in Jackson
ville, Fla.
HOLLEY, MARIETTA— Josiah Allen's
Wife — author, poet, was born in 1844, in
New York. She is a well-known and popu
lar humorous writer whose home has al
ways been at Ellisburg, N. Y. She is the
author of My Opinions and Betsey Bob-
bet's; My Wayward Pardner: Josiah Al
len's Wife as a P. A. and a P. I.; Saman-
tha at the World's Fair; Samantha In Eu
rope; Samantha Among the Brethren;
Samantha at Saratoga; Samantha at the
Centennial; Poems; Sweet Cicely; and
Joslah's Alarm.
HOLLEY, MRS. MARY AUSTIN, au
thor. She was the author of Texas; Ob
servations Historical, Geographical, and
Descriptive; and Memoir of Horace Hoi-
ley. She died Aug. 2, 1846, in New Or
leans, La.
HOLLEY. ORVILLE LUTHER, lawyer,
editor, author, was born May 19, 1791, in
Salisbury, Conn. He was a lawyer and
journalist of New York city, and the au
thor of Description of New York City;
and Life of Benjamin Franklin. He died
March 25, 1861, in Albany, N. Y.
HOLLIDAY, FREDERICK W. M., gov
ernor. He was governor of Virginia from
1878 to 1882.
HOLLIDAY, JOHN HAMPDEN. jour
nalist, was born May 31, 1846, in Indianap
olis. Ind. He is the founder and editor
of the Indianapolis News, which was es
tablished in 1875. Since 1893 he has been
president of the Union Trust company of
his city.
HOLLINGSWORTH, DAVID A., law
yer, state senator, was born Nov. 21, 1844,
in Belmont, Ohio. After graduating from
Mount Union college
he soon acquired
prominence as a law
yer, and was elected
prosecuting attorney
of Harrison courity.
Ohio. He subse
quently became at
torney-general of
Ohio; and a member
of the state senate.
He is a noted writer
on law topics, and is
a constant contrib
utor to the leading newspapers and maga
zines of the United States.
HOLLISTER, GIDEON HIRAM, law
yer. author, poet, was born Dec. 14, 1817,
in Washington, Conn. He was a lawyer
of Litchfield, Conn., who was minister u>
Hayti, in 1868-69. He was the author of
Mount Hope, an historical romance; His
tory of Connecticut; Thomas & Becket, a
Tragedy, and Other Poems; and Kinley
Hollow. He died March 24, 1881, in Litch
field, Conn.
HOLLISTER, LILIAN M.. supreme
commander of The Ladies of the Macca
bees, was born in 1853, in Milford, Mich.
She was engaged in
educational work for
eight years. In 1881
she moved to De
troit in order to
more effectually
prosecute her musi
cal and literary stu
dies. She subse
quently became a
leading member and
president of various
societies. In the
Woman's Christian
Temperance union she was at first for two
years their secretary, then vice-president,
then president, in which latter office so
efficient was her administration that for
six successive years she received the dis
tinguished compliment of a unanimous
re-election each year. In 1893 she was,
elected great lady commander of the La
dies of the Maccabees; received the unan
imous re-election in 1894; and in 1895 was
elected supreme commander of the Ladies
of the Maccabees of the World. She is a
state parliamentarian for the W. C. T. U.
of Michigan; is a successful public speak
er; and few presiding officers can excel
"her in maintaining harmony and expedit
ing the business of public meetings. She
is the author of a work entitled Conven
tional How; and another work entitled A
Model Union, which has a national and
world-wide reputation.
HOLLISTER, MADISON E., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in 1808, in Cayuga county,
N. Y. In 1861 he was appointed associate
justice of the United States territorial
court of Idaho, and was soon afterward
made chief justice.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
491
HOLLOWAY, DAVID P., journalist,
state senator, congressman, was born Dec.
6, 1809, in Waynesville, Ohio. In 1843 he
was elected to the lower branch of the
state legislature of Indiana, and in 1844 to
the state senate, serving nine years. In
1855 he was elected a representative in
congress from Indiana. In 1861 he was
appointed commissioner of patents. He
died Sept. 10, 1883, in Washington, D. C.
HOLLOWAY, JAMES MONTGOMERY,
physician, educator, was born July 14.
1834, in Lexington, Ky. From 1874 till
1877 he was professor of surgery in the
hospital college of the medical department
of Central university, Kentucky. He has
written much for medical periodicals.
HOLLOWAY, MRS. LAURA (CAR
TER), author, was born Aug. 22, 1848, in
Nashville, Tenn. She is a writer who
was for ten years on the editorial staff
of The Brooklyn Eagle. She is the author
of Ladies of the White House; An Hour
with Charlotte Bronte; The Hearthstone,
or Life at Home; The Mothefs of Great
Men and Women; Chinese Gordon; How
ard, the Christian Hero; Life of Adelaide
Neilson; and The Buddhist Diet Book.
HOLLOWAY, THOMAS W., merchant,
farmer, was born March 28, 1829, near
Newberry C. H., S. C. In 1846 he
went to Columuia,
the capital of his
state; and subse
quently was placed
in charge of the
freight department
of the Columbia and
Greenville railroad.
The road being con
tinued to Newberry,
he was transferred
to that place as
agent. In 1852 he
was elected cashier
of the Bank of Newberry; and three years
later engaged in merchandising and farm
ing. Since 1858 he has been the secretary
of the State Agricultural and Mechanical
society of South Carolina, and still fills
that office in Pomaria. He was promi
nent in the affairs of the state grange,
and was its secretary until that order
was superseded by the alliance. Colonel
Holloway has received the merited dis
tinction of being the most progressive and
best qualified secretary of any of the
states.
HOLLY, CHARLES F., lawyer, jurist.
He was appointed a judge of the United
States court for the territory of Colorado.
HOLLY, HENRY HUDSON, architect,
author, was born in 1843, in New York.
He is an architect of New York city, and
the author of Country Seats; Church Ar
chitecture; and Modern Dwellings in
Town and Country.
HOLMAN, JESSE LYNCH, lawyer, ju
rist, was born Oct. 24, 1Y84, in Danville,
Ky. He resided at Lawrenceburg, Ind.,
and about the year 1836 was appointed
United States judge for the district of In
diana. He died March 28, 1842, in Auro
ra, Ind.
HOLMAN, WILLIAM STEELE, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 6, 1822, in
Verdstown, Ind. He was a member of the
convention to revise the constitution of
Indiana in 1»50; was a member of the
state legislature in 1851; and was a judge
of the court of common pleas from 1852
to 1856. He was elected a representative
from Indiana to the thirty-sixth, thirty-
seventh, thirty-eighth, fortieth, forty-first,
forty-second, forty-third, forty-fourth, for
ty-seventh, forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fif
tieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third and
fifty-fifth congresses as a democrat. He
served more years in congress than any
other member. He died April 22, 1897, in
Washington, 13. C.
HOLME, JOHN, poet, was born in Eng
land. He left in manuscript a long and
interesting poem entitled A True Relation
of the Flourishing State of Pennsylvania,
which was preserved by his descendants
and published for the first time in Bulle
tin of Historical Collections. He died in
1701, in Salem, N. J.
HOLME, THOMAS, civil engineer, was
born in 1625, in Ireland. His map of the
Province of Pennsylvania, together with
his Portraiture of the City of Philadel
phia, published extensively in Europe in
1683-84, has made his name familiar to
every student of American history. He
died in 1695, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HOLMES, ADONIRAM JUDSON. sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born
March 2, 1842, in \vayne county, Ohio.
He served throughout the war, rising to
the rank of first lieutenant. He was
elected a representative in the Iowa
state legislature in 1881; was elected a
representative from Iowa to the forty-
eighth congress; and was re-elected to the
forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses as a
republican.
HOLMES, ABIEL, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 24, 1763, in Woodstock,
Conn. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
Cambridge, pastor of the First church
there in 1792-1832, and was the author of
Life of Ezra Stiles; History of Cam
bridge; American Annals; and Memoir
of the French Protestants. He died June
4, 1837, in Cambridge, Mass.
HOLMES, ALEXANDER J., soldier,
clergyman, was born Sept. 29, 1845, in
Coxsackie, N. Y. During the civil war
he served gallantly as a soldier in tne
second regiment of the New York volun
teer cavalry. He received a commercial
education; studied law; and in 1872 en
tered the ministry of the methodist epis
copal church. He has attained success as
a clergyman; has helped three missions to
a self-supporting basis; and designed and
built six churches and three parsonages.
He now fills a pastorate in Algonac, Mich.
HOLMES, CHARLES H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 24, 1827, in Al
bion, N. Y. He is a successful lawyer of
Albion, N. Y.; and was elected to the for
ty-first congress to fill a vacancy, as a re
publican.
HOLMES, JJAVID, congressman, gov
ernor. United States senator, was born in
Frederick county, Va. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1797 to 1809, and in the latter year was
appointed governor of the territory of
Mississippi, which position he held until
1817. He was governor of the state, by
election, from 1817 to 1819; and was a sen
ator in congress from Mississippi from
1820 to 1825, when he resigned. He died
Aug. 20, 1832, in Washington, Miss.
HOLMES, DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born in 1810, in Newburg. N. Y.
From 1868 till his death he was in the
ministry in the northwestern Indiana
conference. He edited The Mirror of the
Soul; and The Christian Preacher; and
was the author of Pure Gold in its Native
Loveliness; and of a Discussion upon the
Atonement, Universal Salvation, and
Endless Punishment. He died in 1873, in
Battle Ground. Mich.
HOLMES, EDMUND M., clergyman, ed
ucator, college president, was born Dec.
15, 1859, in Hardin county, Ohio. During
1885-89 he filled the chair of Greek in the
Simpson college, and during 1889-92 was
president of that institution. He now
fills a pastorate in Boone, Iowa.
HOLMES, ELIAS B., educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 27, 1807, in
Fletcher, Vt. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1845 to
1849.
HOLMES, GABRIEL, lawyer, congress
man, governor, was born in 1769, in Sam
son county, N. C. He was in the state
senate in 1807; governor of the state in
1821 ; and was a representative in con
gress from North Carolina from 1825 to
1828. He died Sept. 26, 1829, near Clinton,
N. C.
HOLMES, GEORGE FREDERICK, ed
ucator, college president, author, was
born in 1820, in British Guiana. In 1846
he was president of tne university of Mis
sissippi; and in 1847 professor of history,
political economy, and international law
in William and Mary college. In 1857 he
was chosen professor of history and lit
erature in the university of Virginia. He
is the author of a series of text-books.
HOLMES, MRS. GEORGIANA KLL>-
GLE, artist, poet, was born in Philadel
phia, Pa. She is the author of two col
lections of poems
entitled Make lay
Way and Mine; and
In the Name of the
King, published un
der the pen name of
^^ ^^^ George Klingle. She
is also an artist of
^j^^^ merit. She founded
••••fe^ ! Arthurs Home for
Destitute Boys, at
Summit, N. J., in
memory of a son
who died at the age
of nine years at Summit, N. J.
HOLMES, ISAAC EDWARD, planter,
lawyer, congressman, was horn April 6,
1796, in Charleston, S. C. He was elected
to the state legislature in 1826; and was
a representative in congress from South
Carolina, from 1839 to 1851. He died Feb.
24, 1867, in Charleston, S. C.
HOLMES, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, author,
was born in March, 1773, in Kingston,
Mass. He was a member of the Massa
chusetts legislature in 1802, 1803, and
1812; was a boundary commissioner under
the treaty of 1815; and a state senator
from 1813 to 1815. He was a representa
tive in congress from Massachusetts, from
1817 to 1820; and was a senator in con
gress from Maine from 1820 to 1827, and
from 1829 to 1833. During a part of 1829,
and from 1835 to 1838, he was a member
of the Maine legislature. He was United
States district attorney, and district judge
for Maine from 1841 until his death. He
was the author of The Statesman, or
Principles of Legislation. He died July
7, 1843, in Portland, Maine.
HOLMES, JOHN McCLELLAN, clergy
man, journalist, was born Jan. 22, 1834,
in Livingston, N. Y. He was for several
years a member of the educational and
missionary boards of the reformed
church, president of the general synod in
1876, a delegate to the pan-presbyterian
council at Edinburgh in 1877, and modera
tor of the presbyterian synod of New
York in 1884. He was also for some time
an associate editor of the Christian Intel
ligencer.
HOLMES, MARY ARNOLD, philan
thropist, was born June 15, 1842, in El
lington, N. Y. She has been a member
of the executive committee of the Wom
an's Christian Temperance union of Iowa
since 1882; and since 1889 has been a
trustee of Benedict home of Des Moines,
Iowa. She is the president of the Mar-
shalltown Associated Charitable society.
492
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOLMES, MARY EMMA, educator, re
former, was born Aug. 3, 1839, in Peoria
county, 111. After receiving her educa
tion at the Peoria
high school, she en
gaged in educational
work. She has at
tained success as a
reformer, suffragist
and religious teach
er. She is the presi
dent of the Equal
Suffrage association
of Illinois; a mem
ber of the Chicago
Woman's club; a
member of the
Young Woman's Christian association of
Chicago; and chairman of its travelers'
aid department, which has for its object
the protection of ignorant girls at our
depots.
HOLMES, MRS. MARY JANE, author,
was born in Brookfleld, Mass. After re
ceiving her education she taught school
for awhile; then en
tered the field of lit
erature. She has
traveled in almost
every country of the
world; and has writ
ten extensively for
magazines and
newspapers on her
travels and histori
cal topics. She is
the author of: Lena
Rivers; Tempest
and Sunshine; Ma
rian Grey; Gretchen; and various other
popular works of fiction. Over two mil
lion copies of her works have been sold.
HOLMES. MORRISON A., soldier, ed
ucator, college president, was born Feb.
6, 1835, in Augusta, N. Y. He received
his education in the public schools. Au
gusta academy, and at the Whitestown
seminary. He entered educational work
as a teacher in the public schools of Au
gustus, N. Y.; and continued in the same
profession in 1859, at Stockbridge, Mass.
During the civil war he served as a union
soldier in the thirty-seventh regiment
Massachusetts volunteer infantry. He
then engaged in business for a few years,
but subsequently resumed teaching. Since
1886 he has been president of the Avery
Normal institute of Charleston, S. C.
HOLMES, NATHANIEL, lawyer, ju
rist, author, was born July 2. 1814, in Pe-
terboro, N. H. He was a jurist of St.
Louis in earlier life, but from 1868-72
Royall professor of law in Harvard uni
versity, and for many years a resident of
Cambridge. He is an ardent advocate of
the Baconian theory of the authorship of
Shakespeare's plays. He is the author of
The Authorship of Shakespeare; and
Realistic Idealism in Philosophy Itself.
HOLMES, OLIVER WENDELL, equal
ly noted as a poet, novelist, essayist, and
physician, is one of the most witty, origi
nal and brilliant
writers of the nine
teenth century; born
in Cambridge, Mass..
Aug. 29, 1809, was
educated partly at
Phillips academy,
graduating at Har
vard when twenty
years of age. Young
Oliver then spent a
year in studying law.
but very soon aban
doned the law in or
der to enter upon tne study of medi
cine, which course he pursued in
Europe, chiefly in Paris. In 1838 Mr.
Holmes became professor of anatomy
and physiology in Dartmouth college,
which position he held until the
time of his marriage, in 1840, when he
removed to Boston, and there won much
success as a practicing physician and as
a literary writer. In 1847 he was appoint
ed to the chair of anatomy and physiolo
gy in Harvard — the seat of the medical
department of this university being in
Boston — a post which he filled with hon
or until 1882. Dr. Holmes was one of the
.founders of the Atlantic Monthly Maga
zine, to which he contributed from time
to time; and in the pages of this periodi
cal first appeared The Autocrat of the
Breakfast Table. His works are: The
Autocrat of the Breakfast Table: The
Professor at the Breakfast Table; The
Poet at the Breakfast Table; Mechanism
in Thought and Morals; Memoir of Mot
ley; Over the Teacups; Our Hundred
Days in Europe; Life of Emerson; Medi
cal Essays; Elsie Venner; The Guardian
Angel; A Mortal Antipathy; Currents and
Counter Currents; Pages from an Old
Volume of Life, comprise his prose works.
In verse his publications include, Urania;
Astrsea; Songs in Many Keys; Songs of
Many Seasons: The Iron Gate; The
School-Boy; and Before the Curfew. He
died in 1894.
HOLMES, SIDNEY T., civil engineer,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
in August, 1815, in Schaghticoke, N. Y.
He was twice appointed loan commission
er for Madison county, in 1848 and 1850;
and in 1851 was elected judge and surro
gate for the same county, and re-elected
in 1855 and 1859, serving until 1864. In
1864 he was elected a representative from
New York to the thirty-ninth congress.
HOLMES. THEOPHILUS HUNTER,
soldier, was born in 1804, in Sampson
county, N. C. He was commissioned ma
jor in 1855, and was made a brigadier-
general in the service of the state. He
died June 21, 1880, in Fayetteville, N. C.
HOLMES, URIEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Connecticut from 1817 to 1818, when he
resigned. He died in 1827.
HOLMES, WILLIAM, lumberman,
financier, was born April 16, 1830, in New
Brunswick. Canada. In 1854 he moved to
Green Bay, Wis.,
thence to Escariaba,
Mich.; and in 1858 to
Menominee, Mich.
For forty years he
has been actively
engaged in the lum
ber business; is part
owner of a paper
mil], and a stock
holder in the Lum
berman's National
bank. He has taken
an active part in
the business and public affairs of his city,
and has filled numerous offices of trust.
HOLMES, WILLIAM HENRY, soldier,
clergyman, theologian, was born in 1834,
in Vermont. He served during the civil
war in the Vermont
brigade with the
army of the Potom
ac. In 1875 he en
tered the methodist
ministry and became
a clergyman in the
Hock River confer
ence. He has filled
important pastorates
In Chicago and vi
cinity; and is promi
nent in the religious
affairs of his confer
ence and in philanthropic movements.
HOLMES, WILLIAM HENRY, geolo
gist, author, was born Dec. 1, 1846, in
Harrison county, Ohio. In 1872 he was
appointed assistant on the United States
geological survey, and spent eight years
in field work and explorations in the
Rocky mountain region. In 1881, when
the survey was established on its present
basis, he was made geologist in charge of
the division of illustrations. He has ed
ited Hayden's Atlas of Colorado, that of
the Yellowstone country, the eleventh and
twelfth annual reports of the geological
survey, and other geological publications.
HOLMES. ZACHARIAH, architect,
builder, legislator, was born Sept. 23,
1853, in Sweden. In 1871 he came to the
United States, and was one of the first
settlers of Rapid City, S. D., where he
has lived since 1877. He was the found
er of the Swedish settlement around
Black Hawk, S. D. ; and is a successful ar
chitect and builder. He was elected a
member of the state legislature in 1893;
and again in 1897.
HOLSEY,' HOPKINS, journalist, con
gressman, was born in 1799, in Virginia.
He was a representative in congress from
Georgia, from 1837 to 1839. He subse
quently edited the Athens Banner, and
filled a large space in the politics of
Georgia. He died March 31, 1859, in Co
lumbus, Ga.
HOLST, HERMANN EDUARD VON,
educator, lecturer, author, was born in
1841. He is an historian who first came
to America in 1866 and engaged in lectur
ing and writing, but returned to Europe
in 1872 and was successively professor of
history in the university of Strassburg,
in 1872-74, and at Freiburg, in 1874-92. In
1892 he became professor of history at the
university of Chicago. He is the author
of The Constitutional and Political His
tory of the United States; Life of Cal-
houn; Life of John Brown; and Consti
tutional Law of the United States.
HOLSTON, GEORGE, artist, was born
March 10, 1835,' in London, England. In
1867 he emigrated to New York city, and
has attained prominence as a portrait
painter and successful art teacher. He
has exhibited occasionally in the Ameri
can Water-Color society, and other insti
tutions of art.
HOLT, HOMER A., lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born April 27, 1831, in Par-
kersburg, W. Va. He received his edu
cation at the Rector college, and at the
university of Virginia. In 1872 he was a
member of the constitutional convention
of West Virginia. In 1871 he became cir
cuit judge of the Greenbrier circuit, which
position he filled with distinction for six
teen years. In 1890 ue became president
judge of the supreme court of appeals of
West Virginia, his term ending on Jan.
1, 1897.
HOLT. JOHN, journalist, was born in
1721, in Williamsburg, Va. He established
The Gazette and Post Boy. In 1766 he
founded the New York Journal, contain
ing the freshest advices, foreign and do
mestic. He died Jan. 30, 1784 in New
York city.
HOLT, JOHN SAUNDERS, lawyer, au
thor, was born Dec. 5. 1826, in Mobile,
Ala. He was a lawyer of New Orleans,
and the author of Life of Abraham Page,
a Novel; What I Know About Ben Ec-
cles; and The Quines. He died Feb. 27,
1886. in Natchez, Miss.
HOLT, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist, was
born Jan. 6, 1807, in Breckenridge coun
ty, Ky. For two years he was attor
ney for the commonwealth at Louis
ville. In 1859 he went into the cabi
net as postmaster-general.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
493
HOLT, ORRIN, congressman, was born
in Connecticut. He was a representative
in congress from that state in 1836 to
fill an unexpired term, and again from
1837 to 1839.
HOLT, SAMUEL HUESTON, farmer,
legislator, was born April 12, 1840, in
Knox county, Tenn. He received his ed
ucation in the Ewing and Jefferson col
lege, Tennessee, and at the Farmersburg
academy, Indiana. He has filled various
positions of honor in the state of Illinois;
and is now a member of the Oregon state
senate; and a member of the state board
of agriculture of Oregon for the past ten
years.
HOLT, THOMAS MICHAEL, manufac
turer, legislator, governor, was born July
15, 1831, in Alamance county, N. C. In
1876 he was elected state senator; in 1883
and 1885 represented his county in the
North Carolina legislature, and from 1891
to 1893 was governor of North Carolina.
HOLT, WILLIAM H., lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 29, 1842, in Bath county,
Ky. He has been judge of court of ap
peals of Kentucky, and chief-justice of
that state.
HOLTEN, SAMUEL, physician, jurist,
congressman, was born June 9, 1738, in
Danvers, Mass. He was a member of the
old congress from 1778 to 1787, officiating
at one time as its president. He also
signed the articles of confederation. He
was a representative under the constitu
tion from 1793 to 1795, and spent the
closing years of his life as judge of pro
bate for Essex county. He died Jan. 2,
1816, in Danvers, Mass.
HOLTON, HART B., congressman. He
was a resident of Maryland, and was
elected a representative from that state
to the forty-eighth congress. In 1883 he
was an unsuccessful candidate for gov
ernor of Maryland.
HOLTON, HENRY DWIGHT, physi
cian, surgeon, was born in 1838, in Rock-
ingham, Vt. He was educated at the Sax-
ton's River seminary,
Vermont, and in 1860
received his degree
of M. D. from the
university of New
York. He has at
tained success as a
physician and sur
geon in Brattleboro,
Vt., where he is a
member of the state
board of health. He
served as commis
sioner from Vermont
to the Mexican national exposition of in
dustries and fine arts; is a member of
the American Association for the Advance
ment of Science; was a delegate to the re
publican national convention in 1896, and
has taken an active part in the public
affairs of his city, county and state.
HOLTZ, EARL DOUGLASS, soldier, ed
ucator, clergyman, was born Oct. 30, 1844,
in Morristown, Ohio. He graduated from
the Mount Union college, and has received
the degrees of A. M. and D. D. During
the civil war he served as a soldier in the
departmental corps of the government for
nearly two years. He has taught Latin
and Greek and the English Bible in Mount
Union college; was presiding elder of the
Canton district for six years; and now
fills a pastorate in the methodist episcopal
church at Alliance, Ohio. In 1887 he made
an extended tour of Europe, Egypt and
Palestine, and has attained success as an
eminent clergyman and brilliant lecturer.
HOLYOKE, EDWARD, clergyman, col
lege president, poet, was born June 25,
1689, in Boston, Mass. In 1737 he be
came president of the Hanover univer
sity. He was a successful clergyman; dis
tinguished as a mathematician and classi
cal scholar, and the author of a number of
meritorious poems. He died June 1, 1769.
HOLYOKE, EDWARD AUGUSTUS,
physician, surgeon, was born Aug. 1, 1728,
in Boston, Mass. He was a founder of the
Massachusetts Medical society, and its
first president. On his hundredth birth
day, fifty of his medical brethren of Bos
ton and Salem gave him a public dinner.
He died March 31, 1829, in Salem, Mass.
HOLYOKE, SAMUEL, musician, com
poser, was born Oct. 15, 1762, in Boxford.
Mass. He was a successful musician, and
published Columbian Repository of Sa
cred Harmony; Occasional Music, and
other works. He died Feb. 7, 1820, in
Concord, N. H.
HOMANS, CHARLES DUDLEY, physi
cian, was born Dec. 5, 1826, in Boston,
Mass. He settled in Boston, and was sur
geon of the Boston city hospital from its
foundation. He was president of the Mas
sachusetts Medical society in 1884-86, of
the Charitable Eye and Ear infirmary,
and of the Boston Humane society. He
died Sept. 2, 1886, in Mount Desert, Maine.
HOMER, WILLIAM BRADFORD, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 31, 1817, in
Boston, Mass. In 1840 he was ordained
pastor of the congregational church fh
South Berwick, Maine, continuing in this
charge until his death. His Writings,
with an introductory essay and memoir,
were edited by Prof. Edwards A. Park.
He died March 22, 1841, in South Berwick,
Maine.
HOMER, WINSLOW, artist, was born
Feb. 24, 1836, in Boston, Mass. In 1863
he exhibited for the first time, at the
Academy, two pictures on war subjects —
Home, Sweet Home, and The Last Goose
at Yuletown. In 1865 he exhibited Prison
ers at the Front.
HOMES, HENRY AUGUSTUS, clergy
man, author, was born March 10, 1812, in
Boston, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman who was a missionary at Con
stantinople in 1836-50, and subsequently
in the diplomatic service there. From
1854 he was employed as librarian in the
State library at Albany. He was the au
thor of The Need of Yezedees of Mesopo
tamia; Design and Import of Medals; Our
Knowledge of California; The Palatine
Emigration to England in 1709; and The
Water Supply of Constantinople. He died
Nov. 3, 1887, in Albany, N. Y.
HOMES, MRS. MARY SOPHIE (SHAW)
(ROGERS), author, poet, was born about
1830 in Frederick, Md. She is a writer of
New Orleans, and the author of Carrie
Harrington, or Scenes in New Orleans;
Progression, or the South Defended, a
volume of verse; and A Wreath of
Rhymes.
HOMES, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born in 1663 in the north of Ireland.
He published sermons on The Sabbath,
on Public Reading of the Scripture,
Church Government, Secret Prayer, and
Government of Christian Families. He
died June 20, 1746, in Chilmark, Mass.
HONEYMAN, WILLIAM, railroad pres
ident, was born in 1842 in Scotland. Since
1891 he has been president of the Rogue
River Valley railway.
HONEYMOON, A. VAN DOREN, law
yer, journalist, author, was born Nov.
12, 1849, in Germantown, N. J. For six
years he practiced law in Somerville, N.
J., and subsequently has been journalist;
and is the author of several law publica
tions and works of travel.
HONEYWOOD, SAINT JOHN, lawyer,
author, poet, was born Feb. 7, 1763, in
Leicester, Mass. He was a lawyer of
Salem, N. Y., whose political Poems were
published in 1801. He died Sept. 1, 1798,
in Salem, N. Y.
HOOBLER, SAMUEL R., farmer, edu
cator, state legislator, was born Oct. 24,
1844, in Middleton, Ohio. He is a suc
cessful farmer and educator of Saganing,
Mich., and in 1887 served with distinc
tion as a member of the Michigan house
of representatives.
HOOD, CHARLES IRA, manufacturer,
was born Dec. 11, 1845, in Lowell, Mass.
He opened a retail drug store in Lowell,
Mass., and in 1875 began the preparation
of Hood's sarsaparilla and other ready-
made medicines. The result has been that
the business has continually increased,
until, to-day, Hood's sarsaparilla labora
tory, built in 1883, is one of the largest in
the world.
HOOD, GEORGE, musician, author,
was born about 1815. He was a Philadel-
phian who was manager of the Academy_
of Music in his city, and author of a His
tory of Music in New England (1846). He
died May 18, 1869, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HOOD, JAMES WALKER, bishop, au
thor, was born May 30, 1831, in Kennett
Township, Pa. He was consecrated bish
op of the African methodist episcopal
church in 1872.
HOOD, JOHN BELL, soldier, author,
was born June 1, 1831, in Owenville, Ky.
He was a noted general in the confederate
army, and the author of Advance and Re
treat; and Personal Experience in the
United states and Confederate Armies, a
careful defence of his military movements.
He died Aug. 30, 1879, in New Orleans, La.
HOOD, JOHN MIFFLIN, railroad presi
dent, was born April 5, 1843, in Sykesville,
Md. Since 1874 he has been president of
the Western Maryland railroad.
HOOD, SAMUEL, lawyer, author, was
born about 1800 in Ireland. He was a
Philadelphia lawyer, and the author of A
Practical Treatise on the Law of Dece
dents in Pennsylvania. He died about
1875, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HOOK, ENOS, congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1839 to
1841.
HOOKE, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born in 1601 in England. He was a
puritan clergyman who was a cousin of
Oliver Cromwell. He came to America
about 1636; was for some seven years
minister at Taunton, and for twelve years
following pastor at New Haven. Return
ing to England in 1656, he became chap
lain to Cromwell. He was the author of
New England's Teares for Old England's
Feares. He died March 21, 1678, in Lon
don, England.
HOOKER, CHARLES, physician, edu
cator, was born March 12, 1779, in Berlin,
Conn. In 1838 he was appointed professor
of anatomy and physiology in Yale, and
he held this chair until his death. He
died March 19, 1863, in New Haven, Conn.
HOOKER, CHARLES E., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born, in 1825 in
Union District, S. C. He was elected dis
trict attorney in 1850. In 1859 he was
elected a representative in the state leg
islature. He resigned to enter the con
federate army in 1861, and rose to the
rank of colonel. In 1865 he was elected
attorney-general of Mississippi, and was
re-elected in 1868. He was elected a rep
resentative from Mississippi to the forty-
fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-sev
enth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
494
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPKDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOOKER, EDWARD, naval officer, was
born Dec. 25, 1822, in Farmington, Conn.
He was bred to the sea in the merchant
marine, commanding
a ship when twenty-
three years of age.
He was one of the
earliest volunteers
for the naval service
in the civil war, and
was appointed act
ing master in July,
1861. His first serv
ice was in the gun
boat Louisiana. He
subsequently c o m -
manded the blockade
off Wilmington, and later was in com
mand of a division of the Potomac flo
tilla, in which command he continued
until the end of the war. After the war
closed he was at the New York navy yard;
then took the storeship Idaho to the
Asiatic squadron, and while there was
transferred from the volunteer to the reg
ular navy list. He became lieutenant,
lieutenant-commander, and in 1884 was
promoted to commander; and the same
year was placed upon the retired list by
operation of law.
HOOKER, EDWARD WILLIAM, cler
gyman, author, was born Nov. 24, 1794, in
Goshen, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman of Vermont and the author of
Music; and Life of Thomas Hooker. He
<lied March 31, 1875, in Fort Atkinson,
Wls.
HOOKER, ELLEN KELLEY, educator,
was born May 23, 1833, in Shoreham, Vt.
After receiving her education, she entered
educational work;
was governess in
1846; a teacher in
the public schools in
1847-48; subsequent
ly continuing her ed
ucation in Troy Con
ference academy at
Poultney, until she
graduated in 1851.
She then taught in
private schools and
academies in New
York state and Wis
consin. For ten years she filled the chair
of English in the Le Roy Collegiate insti
tute, New York, and during 1879-84 was
principal of the Ingham university of Le
Roy. In 1884 she opened Park Place
school for ladies at Batavia, and since
1888 has been principal of the Sage col
lege of Cornell university.
HOOKER, FRANK A., lawyer, jurist,
was born Jan. 16, 1844, in Hartford, Conn.
In 1878 he was appointed judge of the
fifth judicial circuit of Michigan; became
chief justice of the supreme court, and
in 1893 was re-elected for a term of ten
years.
HOOKER, HERMAN, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1804 in Poultney, Vt.
He was an episcopal clergyman who re
tired from the ministry and became a
bookseller in Philadelphia. He was the
author of Family Book of Devotion; The
Uses of Adversity; Thoughts and Maxims;
The Portion of the Soul; Popular In
fidelity; and The Christian Life a Life of
Faith. He died July 25, 1865, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
HOOKER, HORACE, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1793 in Berlin, Conn.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Hartford, and the author of Youth's Book
of Natural Theology; and Bible History.
He died Dec. 17, 1864, in Hartford, Conn.
HOOKER. MRS. ISABELLA (BEECH-
ER), philanthropist, author, was born
Feb. 22, 1822, in Litchfieid, Conn. She is
a philanthropist of Hartford, prominent
as an advocate of spiritualism and woman
suffrage, and the author of Womanhood:
Its Sanctities and Fidelities.
HOOKER, JOSEPH, soldier, was born
Nov. 13, 1814, in Hartley, Mass. He suc
ceeded Burnside as a union general in
the army of the
Potomac, in 1863,
and for his bravery
was called Fighting
Joe Hooker, an epi
thet he was never
well pleased with.
He was retired from
active service by his
own request in 1868,
retaining the full
rank of major-gene
ral. He died Oct. 31,
1879, in Garden City,
N. Y. ; and his death was sincerely
mourned.
HOOKER, NOADIAH, farmer, soldier,
state legislator, was born in 1736. He
was distinguished in the course of his
long life as an officer in the revolutionary
war; as a member of the legislature, and
as a magistrate. He died June 3, 1823, in
Farmington, Conn.
HOOKER, SAMUEL, clergyman, was
born in 1632. He was ordained pastor of
the church in Farmington, Conn., in 1661.
He was a fellow of Harvard, and in 1662
was one of a committee of four to treat
with New Haven in reference to a union
with Connecticut. He died Nov. 6, 1697.
HOOKER. THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1586 in England. He
was a puritan clergyman who came to
America in 1633, and was for three years
minister at Cambridge, then called New-
towne. In 1636 he led a large portion of
his flock to the Connecticut valley, where
they founded the town of Hartford. A
theologian of great influence in his cen
tury, he was the author of Survey of
the Summe of Church Discipline (with
John Cotton) ; Application of Redemption;
and The Poore Doubting Christian drawne
to Christ. He died July 7, 1647, in Hart
ford, Conn.
HOOKER, WARREN BREWSTER, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Nov.
24, 1856, in Perrysburg, N. Y. He has
always lived in New
York state except
two years spent in
Tacoma.Wash., prac
ticing law, and has
been special surro
gate of Chautauqua
county. He has been
supervisor of Fredo-
nia two terms, and
was elected to the fif
ty-second, fifty-third
and fifty-fourth con
gresses and re-elect
ed to the fifty-fifth congress as a repub
lican. He has also attained prominence
as a lawyer in Fredonia, N. Y.
HOOKER, WORTHINGTON, educator,
physician, author, was born March 3,
1803, in Springfield, Mass. He was a phy
sician of Norwich, Conn., who was profes
sor of medicine at Yale university in
1852-67, and the author of Physician and
Patient; An Examination of Homeopathy;
Human Physiology for Schools; Rational
Therapeutics; Child's book of Nature;
Child's Book of Common Things; Lessons
from the History of Medical Delusions;
Science for the School and Family; and
The Medical Profession and the Commun
ity. He died Nov. 6, 1867, in New Haven,
Conn.
HOOKS, CHARLES, state representa
tive, congressman, was born in Bertie
county, N. C. He served for many years
in the North Carolina legislature; was a
representative in congress during the
years 1816 and 1817, and from 1819 to
1825. He subsequently removed to Ala
bama, where he died in 1851.
HOOPER, BENJAMIN S., merchant,
manufacturer, congressman, was born
March 6, 1835, in Buckingham county, Va.
He was elected a representative from
Virginia to the forty-eighth congress.
HOOPER, EDWARD, engraver, was
born May 24, 1829, in England. From
1850 till his death he was a member of
the wood-engraving firm of Bobbett and
Hooper, and produced several water-col
ors that were remarkable for their ac
curacy of drawing and harmony of color.
He died Dec. 13, 1870, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HOOPER, EDWARD JAMES, agricul
turist, author, was born in 1803 in Eng
land. He was a once prominent agricul
turist in the west who published a Dic
tionary of Agriculture.
HOOPER, JOHN, botanist, was born in
1802 in England. He came to the United
States in 1839, and devoted himself to
natural science. He made many research
es in the study of marine algae, of which
he accumulated a valuable collection.
This he bequeathed to the Long Island
Historical society, of which he was a
charter member. He died April 26, 1869,
in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HOOPER. JOHNSON, lawyer, was born
about 1815 in North Carolina. He was'a
lawyer of Alabama, and the author of
Adventures of Captain Simon Suggs; and
Widow Rugby's Husband, and Other Ala
bama Tales. He died in 1863 in Alabama.
HOOPER, LUCY, author, poet, was born
Feb. 4, 1816, in Newburyport, Mass. She
was a poet of much promise whose home
was in Brooklyn, and the author of
Scenes from Real Life, a collection of
prose sketches, which appeared during
her lifetime, and her complete poems in
1848.
HOOPER, MRS. LUCY HAMILTON
(JONES), author, poet, was born Jan. 20,
1835, in Philadelphia, Pa. She was a Phil
adelphia author who lived in Europe a'fter
1870, and was Paris correspondent for
several American papers, and the author
of Poems, with translations from the Ger
man; Under the Tri-Color, a novel; and
The Tsar's Window, a novel.
HOOPER, ROBERT LETTICE, jurist.
He was chief justice of New Jersey from
1724 till 1728, and again from 1729 till his
death in 1739. He resided in Perth Am-
boy and was a warden in St. Peter's
church.
HOOPER, SAMUEL, merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 3,
1808, in Marblehead, Mass. In 1851 he was
elected to the state house of representa
tives, served three years, and declined a
re-election. In 1857 he was elected to the
state senate, and declined to serve a sec
ond term. In 1861 he was elected a repre
sentative from Massachusetts to fill a
vacancy in the thirty-seventh congress,
and in 1862 was re-elected to the thirty-
eighth congress. He was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-first, forty-
second and forty-third congresses. He
died Feb. 13, 1875, in Washington.
HOOPER, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1702 in Scotland. In
1747 he was appointed rector of Trinity
church of Boston, which post he occupied
till his death. He published several ser
mons, including one with the title The
Apostles neither Impostors nor Enthusi
asts. He died April 14, 1767, in Boston,
Mass.
HOOPER, WILLIAM, signer of declara
tion of independence, was born June 17
1742, in Boston, Mass. In 1773 he was
-elected to the Massachusetts state assem
bly; was a delegate to the continental
congress from 1774 to 1777, and signed
the declaration of independence He died
in October, 1790, in Hillsborough, N. C.
HOOPER, WILLIAM H., merchant
congressman, was born Dec 25 1813 in
Cambridge, Md. In 1850 he removed to
Utah; was a member of the legislature
and acting secretary of the territory In
1859 he entered the thirty-sixth congress
as a delegate from the territory of Utah
and was re-elected a delegate to the thir
ty-ninth, fortieth, forty-first and forty-
second congresses.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
495
HOOPES, EDGAR M., journalist, was
born in Minerva, Ohio. Early in life he
entered journalism, and was connected
as correspondent with the Cleveland Lead
er, the Canton Repository, the Alliance
Review, and the Chicago Times. He was
called to the position of advertising man
ager of the AVilmington News, acquired a
part ownership, and was soon made busi
ness manager, a position which he still
holds. He devotes his whole time to the
direction of affairs of his paper, and has
made it the leading advertising medium
in the state of Delaware.
HOOPES, JOSIAH, botanist, author, was
born Nov. 9, 1832, in West Chester, Pa.
In 1853 he established a nursery at West
Chester, which is now one of the most ex
tensive in the country. He has published
Book of Evergreens, a treatise on the
•cone-bearing plants of the world, which is
a standard authority.
HOOVIS, JAMES ALEXANDER, public
•official, was born Dec. 3, 1863, in Washing
ton county, Tenn. He graduated from
the Vanderbilt university, and received
the degrees of B. A. and B. L. During
1877-80 he was page in the Tennessee sen
ate; was sergeant-at-arms in 1880-81; as
sistant clerk of the senate during 1881-87;
chief clerk of the senate during 1887-93,
and since 1893 has been comptroller of the
state of Tennessee.
HOPE, JAMES, artist, was born Nov
29, 1818, in Scotland. In 1853 he opened
a studio in New York, was elected asso
ciate academician in 1865, and since 1872
has resided at Watkin's Glen, N. Y. His
pictures include The Army of the Poto
mac; Rainbow Falls; The Gem of the For
est; and The Forest Glen.
HOPE, JAMES BARRON, lawyer, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born March 23
827, in Norfolk, Va. He was a lawyer
and journalist of Norfolk, and the author
of Leoni di Monti, arid Other Poems; An
Elegiac Ode; Under the Empire, or the
Story of Madelon; and Arms and the Man
and Other Poems. He died Sept. 15, 1887
in Norfolk, Va.
HOPKINS, ALBERT, educator astron
omer, was born July 14, 1807, in Stock-
bridge, Mass. In 1835 he began on his
own responsibility the building of an as
tronomical observatory in Williamstown
the first that was ever established in con
nection with an American college He
1 May 24, 1872, in Williamstown, Mass.
HOPKINS, ALBERT C., merchant, con
gressman, was born Sept. 15, 1837, in
Villenova, N. Y. He was elected from
Pennsylvania to the fifty-second and fifty-
third congresses as a republican.
HOPKINS, ALBERT J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 15, 1846, in De
Kalb county, 111. He was state's attorney
•or Kane county, 111., from 1872 to 1876
and was a presidential elector in 1884. He
was ejected a representative from Illinois
to the forty-ninth congress to fill a vacan
cy, and was re-elected to the fiftieth, fifty-
•st fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth
uty-fifth congresses as a republican
HOPKINS, ALPHONSO ALVAH edu
cator, journalist, lecturer, author poet
was born in 1843 in New York. He is a
journalist, educator, and lecturer, and the
author of His Prison Bars, a Temper
ance Tale; Newspaper Poets; Our Sab
bath Evenings; Sinner and Saint, a
Novel; Life of General Clinton Fisk-
Asleep in the Sanctum, and Other Poems :
Waifs and Their Authors; Wealth and
waste; and Geraldine, a novel in verse on
the model of Lucile.
HOPKINS, ARTHUR F., jurist, was
born in 1796 in Virginia. He moved to
Alabama early in life, and became a
prominent whig politician, practiced law
successively in Huntsville, Tuscaloosa
and Mobile for many years. He died in
February, 1866, in Mobile.
HOPKINS, BENJAMIN F., business
man, congressman, was born April 22,
1829, in Washington county, N. Y He
was private secretary to the governor of
Wisconsin for one term; was a member
of both branches of the legislature, and
was elected a representative from Wiscon
sin to the fortieth and forty-first con
gresses. He died Jan. 3, 1870, in Madi
son, Wis.
HOPKINS, CASPAR THOMAS, jour
nalist, author, was born May 18 1826 in
Allegheny City, Pa. He is a California
journalist who established the first in
surance company on the Pacific coast. He
published a Manual of American Ideas.
HOPKINS, CHARLES JEROME, com
poser, was born April 4, 1836, in Burling
ton, Vt. His compositions embrace ope
rettas, juvenile cantatas; church music
and secular songs and pieces for the piano'
Among his works are First Book of
Church Music; Class Book for Notation
Study; and Second Book of Church Music
HOPKINS, EDWARD WASHBURN ed
ucator, author, was born in 1857 in Mas
sachusetts. He is a professor of Sanskrit
in Yale university, and the author of Mu
tual Relations of the Four Castes in
Manu; Translation of Laws of Manu;
Social and Military Position of the Rul
ing Caste in Ancient India; and The Re
ligions of India.
HOPKINS, ELLEN DUNLAP, artist
philanthropist, was born Jan. 30 1858 in
New York city. In 1892 she founded the
New York School of Applied Design for
Women.
HOPKINS, ELVIRA MAINS, educator,
author, poet, was born Nov. 13, 1835 in
Athens, Maine. She has attained success
in educational works; and is the author
of Sunny Side Sketches.
HOPKINS, ERASTUS, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 7, 1810, in Hadley
Mass. He was a presbyterian clergyman'
long a resident of Northampton, Mass
and the author of The Family a Religious
Institution. He died Jan. 24, 1872 in
Northampton, Mass.
HOPKINS, FREDERICK VINCENT,
educator, physician, surgeon, author was
born May 23, 1839, in Burlington, Vt.
He was surgeon and professor of geology
in Louisiana state university; in charge of
the geological survey of that state from
1868 till 1874, surgeon to the New Alma-
den and Sulphur Bank quicksilver mine
in 1876-82, and since then has practiced
medicine in San Francisco. He has orig
inated a method of killing the bacilli of
tuberculosis and leprosy by 'half-inch
sparks from a Ruhmkorff coil. He has
written four reports on the Geology of
Louisiana.
HOPKINS, GEORGE H., soldier law
yer, legislator, manufacturer, was born
7, 1842, in White Lake, Mich. He
received his educa
tion in the public
schools of his native
state; graduated
from the Michigan
State Normal school
in 1867; and in 1871
from the law depart
ment of the univer
sity of Michigan
During the civil war
he served as a union
soldier in the seven-
t e e n t h regiment
Michigan volunteer infantry; and in 1889-
90 was adjutant-general of the Grand
Army of the Republic. During 1879-84 he
served with distinction as a member of
the Michigan house of representatives-
•was speaker pro tern in 1883-84, and chair
man of the judiciary committee. In 1888-
0 he was chairman of the republican
state central committee, and in 1890-94
was collector of customs for the port of
Detroit, in which city he has attained
prominence as a business man and a suc
cessful manufacturer.
HOPKINS, GEORGE W., educator, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born' Feb
22, 1804, in Goochland county, Va. Dur
ing 1833-34 he served in the house of dele
gates; was elected a representative in con
gress in 1835, and was re-elected until
847, serving during one session as speak
er of the house of representatives. In
9 he went a second time into the house
of delegates of Virginia, and was elected
speaker of the house. He was subse
quently elected a judge of the circuit
court, and in 1857 was elected to the thir-
fth congress. He died March 2, 1861.
HOPKINS, GEORGE W., railroad presi
dent, was born Nov. 8, 1844, in West Vir
ginia. Since 1882 he has been president
of the Bear Lake and Eastern railroad.
HOPKINS, ISAAC STILES, college
president, was born June 20, 1841, in Au
gusta, Ga. In 1877 he entered the faculty
of Emory college as professor of Latin;
in 1882 was assigned to the chair of Eng
lish and in 1885 was elected president,
anu took the chair of mental and moral
science. He was appointed president of
the Georgia School of Technology when it
was established in 1889.
HOPKINS, JAMES C., jurist, was born
in Vermont. He settled in Wisconsin, and
in 1870 was appointed United States judge
for the western district of Wisconsin, re
siding at Madison.
HOPKINS, JAMES HERRON, lawyer,
banker, congressman, was born Nov. 3,
1831, in Washington county, Pa. In 1872
he was candidate for congress for the
state at large, and in 1874 was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-fourth congress. He was elected a
representative to the forty-eighth con
gress as a democrat.
HOPKINS, JOHN HENRY, bishop, au
thor, was born Jan. 30, 1792, in Ireland.
He was the first protestant episcopal
bishop of Vermont. A writer of vigor and
versatility, prominent both as a high
churchman and a controversialist He
was the author of History of the Confes
sional; The End of Controversy Contro
verted; The Primitive Church; Essay on
Gothic Architecture; The Church of Rome
in Her Primitive Purity; Scriptural View
of Slavery, a defence of the institution;
Law of Ritualism; Lectures on the Ref
ormation; Twelve Canzonets, words and
music; and History of the Church He
died Jan. 9, 1868, in Rock Point Vt
496
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOPKINS, JOHN HENRY, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born Oct. 28, 1820,
in Pittsburg, Pa. He was an episcopal
clergyman who founded The Church Jour
nal, of which he was long the editor.
Among his writings are included Carols,
Hymns, and Songs; Poems by the Way
side; Life of Bishop Hopkins; Faith and
Order of the Protestant Church in the
United States; and a translation of
Goethe's Autobiography. He died Aug. 23,
1891, in Hudson, N. Y.
HOPKINS, JOHN W. C., lawyer, was
born Dec. 24, 1874, in Tucson, Ariz. He
received his education at the South Da-
' kota Agricultural
college. He was ad
mitted to the bar of
the supreme court at
the age of nineteen
years; was elected
state's attorney the
same year, and has
the distinction of
holding that position
at an age younger
than any other in
the United States.
He has gained prom
inence as a political speaker, and his hu
morous writings have attracted consider
able attention in the world of literature.
HOPKINS, JOHNS, banker, railroad
president, philanthropist, was born May
19, 1795. He was the founder of the Johns
Hopkins university, Hospital and Orphan
asylum of Baltimore. He was a successful
bank president, railroad president 'and
capitalist. He died Dec. 24, 1873, in Balti
more, Md.
HOPKINS, LEMUEL, author, poet, was
born June 19, 1750, in Waterbury, Conn.
He was a political writer of note in his
day, author of satires, poems, and a fav
orite version of Psalm cxxxii. With Bar
low and others he wrote the Anarchiad, a
plea for An efficient federal constitution.
He died April 14, 1801, in Hartford, Conn.
HOPKINS, MRS. LOUISA PARSONS
(STONE), educator, author, poet, was
born April 19, 1834, in Newburyport, Mass.
She was an educator of Boston, for some
years a member of the Boston school
board, and the author of How Shall My
Child Be Taught? Practical Pedagogy;
Educational Psychology; Observation
Lessons in Primary Schools; Cosmic
Geography; Handbook of the Earth; Par
ables of Nature and Life. In verse she
wrote, Motherhood; Breath of the Field
and Shore; and Easter Carols.
HOPKINS, MRS. LOUISA (PAYSON),
author, was born Feb. 24, 1812, in Port
land, Maine. She was a writer of re
ligious works for young people, the wife
of Professor Albert Hopkins, Williams-
town, Mass. She was the author of The
Pastor's Daughter; Lessons on the Book
of Proverbs; Henry Langdon; The Guid
ing Star; The Silent Comforter; and Se
lect Thoughts. She died Jan. 24, 1862.
HOPKINS, MARK, clergyman, college
president, author, was born Feb. 4, 1802,
in Stockbridge, Mass. He was a congre
gational clergyman who was president of
Williams college in 1836-72. He was the
author of Lectures on Moral Science;
The Law of Love and Love as a Law;
Discourses and Essays; Outline Study of
Man; The Scriptural Idea of Man; Teach
ings and Counsels; and Evidences of
Christianity. He died June 17, 1887, in
Williamstown, Mass.
HOPKINS, MARK, journalist, author,
was born In 1851 in Massachusetts. He
was a journalist in London, and the au
thor of The World's Verdict, a novel.
HOPKINS, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 17, 1721, in Water-
bury, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman of Newport, R. I., the founder
of what has been called Hopkinsian div
inity. The System of Doctrine Contained
in Divine Revelation is his principal
work. Others are, The True State of the
Unregenerate; Nature of True Holiness;
and The Duty and Interest of American
States to Emancipate Their Slaves. He
died Dec. 20, 1803, in Newport, R. I.
HOPKINS, SAMUEL, soldier, state leg
islator, congressman, was born about 1750
in Albemarle county, Va. He served in
the revolutionary war, fought at Prince
ton, Trenton, Monmouth, Brandywine,
and Germantown, and also as lieutenant-
colonel of a Virginia regiment at the siege
of Charleston. He moved to Kentucky in
1797, and served a number of years in
the state legislature. He was a represent
ative in congress from Kentucky from
1813 to 1815. He died in October, 1819, in
Henderson, Ky.
HOPKINS, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 11, 1807, in Hadley,
Mass. He was a congregational clergy
man of New England, long a resident of
Northampton, Mass. He was the author
of The Puritans and Queen Elizabeth;
Lessons at the Cross; and Youth of the
Old Dominion. He died Feb. 11, 1887, in
Northampton, Mass.
HOPKINS, SAMUEL J., soldier, con
gressman, was born Dec. 12, 1843, in
Prince George county, Md. He enlisted
in company A, second Maryland infantry,
confederate states of America, and served
during the war. After the war he set
tled in Lynchburgh, and was elected to
the fiftieth congress.
HOPKINS, SAMUEL MILES, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, author, was born
May 9, 1772, in Salem, Conn. He was a
jurist of New York state; and a repre
sentative in congress in 1813-15. He was
the author of Chancery Reports; and
Treatise on Temperance. He died March
9, 1837, in Geneva, N. Y.
HOPKINS, SAMUEL MILES, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 8, 1813, in
Geneseo, N. Y. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman, professor in Auburn Theological
seminary from 1847, and the author of
Manual of Church Polity; and Liturgy
and Book of Common Prayer.
HOPKINS, STEPHEN, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born
March 7, 1707, in Providence, R. I. In
1742 he moved to Providence and en
tered the mercantile business. From 1751
to 1754 he was chief justice of the superior
court; and in 1755 was elected governor
of the state, and, with the exception of
four years, served until 1768. He was a
delegate to the continental congress from
1774 to 1777, and also in 1778, and a signer
of the declaration of independence. He
was the author of History of the Plant
ing and Growth of Providence. He died
July 13, 1785, in Providence, R. I.
HOPKINS, STEPHEN T., merchant,
congressman, was born March 25, 1849,
in New York city. He is an iron mer
chant; was a member of the assembly of
the state of New York in 1885-86, and was
elected to the fiftieth congress as a repub
lican.
HOPKINS, THEODORE WELD, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was botn Jan.
5, 1841, in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1873 he
was ealted to the chair of church history
in the congregational theological semi
nary at Chicago, 111. In 1881 he accepted
the pastorate of the Central Presbyterian
church in Rochester, N. Y. He is the
author of an historical essay on The Doc
trine of Inspiration.
HOPKINS, THOMAS CRAMER, geol
ogist, author, was born May 4, 1861, in
Centre county, Pa. During 1889-92 he was
assistant state geologist of Arkansas, and
filled the same position in 1895-96 In
Indiana. Since 1896 he has filled the
chair of economic geology in the State
college of Pennsylvania. His specialty is
building stones, on which subject he has.
published many valuable papers.
HOPKINS, VIRA M. DARLING, poet.
She is the author of a volume of poems
entitled Sunny Side Sketches.
HOPKINS, WILLIAM HENRY, college
president, was born Dec. 20, 1841, in
Greensborough, Md. He was eiected vice-
president of St. John's college in 1881,
and in 1884 was appointed president.
HOPKINSON, FRANCIS, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born
Sept. 21, 1738, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was a signer of the
declaration of inde
pendence. He was a
delegate from New
Jersey to the conti
nental congress in
1776 and. 1777; was
a judge of the ad
miralty court; and
subsequently a judge
of the United States
district court. He
was the author of
The Pretty Story;
rlhe Prophecy; The
Political Catechism; and The New Roof.
He is best known by his humorous poem,
The Battle of the Kegs. Three volumes
of his Miscellaneous Writings were pub
lished in 1792. He died May 9, 1791, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
HOPKINSON, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, poet, was born Nov. 12,
1770, in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1815 he
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania, and served until 1819, after
which he resided in Bordentown, N. J.,
until appointed judge of the district court
of the United States for the eastern dis
trict of Pennsylvania, when he returned
to Philadelphia, and held this office until
his death. He published many interest
ing addresses, and wrote the song Hail
Columbia. He died Jan. 15, 1842, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
HOPPER, HARRY SHELMIRE, lawyer,
genealogist, was born June 13, 1858, in
He received his degree
of bachelor of arts
from the Central
High school of Phil
adelphia in 1875; and
in 1&80 received the
degree of master of
arts from the same
institution. In 1878
he graduated from
the university of
Pennsylvania with
the degree of bach
elor of laws; was
admitted to the bar
the following year, and has continued in
active practice ever since in Philadelphia.
He has been an occasional contributor to
historical magazines, and has given much
time to genealogical research and to the
compiling of a history of the Hopper
Family and Collateral Lines. He is his
torian of the Association Alumni of the
Central High School of Philadelphia, and
a prominent member of various clubs and
associations in his native city.
Philadelphia, Pa.
HERRINO8HAW8 KNCVCLOPKDIA OF AMKHICAN BIOGRAPHY.
497
HOPPER, WILLIAM TATOM, journal
ist, legislator, was born May 8, 1872, in
Georgia. He has been county school ex
aminer, and is now president of the Citi
zen Printing and Publishing company of
Mountain Home, Ark., and is also the
editor-in-chief of the Citizen. He has
served with distinction as a member of
the Arkansas state legislature.
HOPPIN, AUGUSTUS, artist, author,
was born July 13, 1828, in Providence, R.
I. He is the author of On the Nile;
Ups and Downs on Land and Water; Ju
bilee Days; Hay Fever; Recollections of
Auton House, a novel; A Fashionable Suf
ferer; Two Compton Boys; and Married
for Fun, a romance.
HOPPIN, JAMES MASON, educator,
author, was born Jan. 17, 1820, in Provi
dence, R. I. He is a congregational cler
gyman, professor of homiletics at
Yale university in 1861-79, and subse
quently of the history of art. He is the
author of Notes of a Theological Student;
Old England; Life of Admiral Foote;
Memoirs of Henry Armitt Brown; Homil
etics; Pastoral Theology; Office and Work
of the Christian Minister; Sermons on
Faith, Hope, Love, etc.; The Early Ren
aissance; and Greek Art on Greek Soil.
HOPPIN, WILLIAM WARNER, gov
ernor, was born Sept. 1, 1807, in Provi
dence, R. I. After serving in the munici
pal boards of Providence he was sent to
the state senate in 1853, and in 1854 was
elected governor. He was re-elected in
1855 and 1856, and was nominated for a
fourth term, but declined. He died April
19, 1890, in Providence, R. I.
HOPSON, WINTHROP HARTLY, cler
gyman, was born April 26, 1823, in Chris
tian county, Ky. In 1841 he graduated
from the Missouri
State university, and
entered the ministry
of the Christian
church. In 1843 he
received the degree
of M. D. from the
McDowell college of
St. Louis, Mo., and
practiced medicine
for six years, not
ceasing in the mean
time from his min
isterial work. He
gave much attention to the founding and
nurturing of schools and colleges, and
was mainly instrumental in building up a
nourishing female academy at Palmyra.
After the war he filled pastorates in Rich
mond, Va., and in Louisville, Ky. In 1874
he returned to Missouri, and a year later
became president of the Christian univer
sity of Canton. In 1877. he was prostrated
by disease and died.
HOi-vVOOD, JOSEPHUS, clergyman, ed
ucator, 'college president, was born April
18, 1843, in Montgomery county, Ky. He
attended the Eureka
college of Abingdon,
111., and the Ken
tucky university of
Lexington. During
the civil war he
served as a union
soldier in the sev
enth Illinois cavalry,
was twice captured,
and spent four
months on Belle Isl
and, Va. After the
war he went to col
lege, and subsequently attained success as
a clergyman and educator. He has been
president of the Milligan college of Ten
nessee since its founding in 1882; was
managing editor of The Pilot of Nashville
in 1895, and in 1896 was the prohibition
32
candidate for governor of Tennessee. He
has also attained prominence as a lecturer
on prohibition and reform subjects.
HOPWOOD, ROBERT F., lawyer, busi
ness man, was born July 24, 1856, in
Uniontown, Pa. He received a thorough
education, has taught school and in 1879
was admitted to the bar. He has since
attained prominence as a successful law
yer in his native city; has twice received
the nomination for district attorney, and
in 1894 was endorsed for congress. He
is interested in the public schools; presi
dent of the School Directors' association
of Fayette County, and a trustee of Al
legheny college of Meadville, Pa. He is
interested in a number of business en
terprises at home and in the state of
West Virginia.
HORD, FRANCIS T., lawyer, jurist, was
born Nov. 24, 1835, in Maysville, Ky.
After receiving his education he studied
law, and became
school examiner for
Bartholomew county
in 1857-58; and in
1858-60 was district
^k prosecuting attor
ney. During 1862-66
he served with dis
tinction as a member
of the Indiana state
senate. During 1868-
72 he was city attor
ney for the city 6f
Columbus; and for
twenty years was county attorney for
Bartholomew county. In 1876 he was a
delegate to the national democratic con
vention, and in 1880 was a candidate for
presidential elector. In 1882 he was elect
ed attorney-general for the state of Indi
ana; and in 1884 received the re-election
to the same position. In 1892 he was
elected to the high office of circuit judge
for the ninth judicial district of Indiana,
and still holds that position.
HORN, CHARLES EDWARD, compos
er, was born June 21, 1786, in London,
England. His best known compositions
are I Know a Bank Whereon the Wild
Thyme Blows; Cherry Ripe; Through the
Wood; and I've Been Roaming. He died
Oct. 21, 1849, in Boston, Mass.
HORN, EDWARD TRAILL, clergyman,
author, was born June 10, 1850, in Easton,
Pa. He is a lutheran clergyman of
Charleston, and the author of The Chris
tian Year; Old Matin and Vesper Services
of the Lutheran Church; Outlines of Lit
urgies; and The Evangelical Pastor.
HORN, HENRY, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1831 to 1833.
HORN, JOHN C., educator, lawyer, cler
gyman, missionary, was born Sept. 22,
1849, in Butler county, Ohio. Since 1876
he has been a clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church. He has filled the chairs
of languages, mathematics, science, his
tory, philosophy and elocution in several
colleges; has been president of the McGee
college, and also president of the Lewis
college, from which latter institution he
received the degree of A. M. He has trav
eled extensively in Europe, and for sev
eral years was a missionary in South
America. He now fills a pastorate in
Cripple Creek, Col., in which state he is
also a member of the bar.
HORNADAY, WILLIAM TEMPLE, nat
uralist, author, was born Dec. 1, 1854, in
Plainfleld, Ind. He is a naturalist of
Washington, for eight years chief tax
idermist of the National museum, and the
author of Two Years in the Jungle; The
Buffalo Hunt; Canoe and Rifle on the
Orinoco; Free Rum on the Congo; and
Taxidermy and Zoological Collecting.
HORNBECK, JOHN W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in New Jersey. He
was a member of the house of represent
atives in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1847 to 1848. He died Jan. 16, 1848,
in Allentown, Pa.
HORNBLOWER, JOSEPH COERTON,
lawyer, jurist, was born May 6, 1777, in
Belleville, N. J. He was elected by the
joint meeting of the legislature of New
Jersey chief justice of that state in 1832,
and re-elected in 1839, making his full
term on the bench fourteen years. He
died June 11, 1864, in Newark, N. J.
HORNBLOWER, JOSIAH, civil engi
neer, jurist, was born Feb. 23, 1729, in
England. He was several years in the
state legislature, serving as speaker. He
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1785 to 1786; was justice of the
peace for a long period and in 1798 was
appointed judge of Essex county court,
which position he held until his death.
He died Jan. 31, 1809, in Newark, N. J.
HORNBY, JOHN, railroad president,
was born in 1838 in Jamaica, N. Y. Since
1889 he has been president of the Fort
Worth and Rio Grande railroad.
HORNE, A. R., educator, journalist,
was born March 24, 1834, in Pleasant Val
ley, Pa. For forty years he was engaged
in educational work, and became presi
dent of the East Texas university. He is
the editor and founder of The National
Educator of Allentown, Pa.
HORNER, FREDERICK, surgeon, jour
nalist, lecturer, author, was born June 26,
1828, in Berry's Ferry, Va. He has been
a surgeon in the United States navy in
squadrons on the coast of Brazil and
Gulf of Mexico; at the hospital at Nor
folk, Va., and other places. He is the au
thor of Autographs of the University of
Virginia; History of the Blair, Braxton
and Banister Families, and a Biography of
the Physicians and Surgeons of Virginia.
HORNER, JOHN SCOTT, governor,
was born Dec. 5, 1802, in Warrenton, Va.
In 1835 he was appointed secretary and!
acting governor of the territory of Michi
gan, inclusive of the territories of Wis
consin and Iowa. He died Feb. 2, 1883,
in Ripon, Wis.
HORNER, WILLIAM EDMUNDS, phy
sician, educator, author, was born June
3, 1793, in Warrenton, Va. He was a
physician of Philadelphia, professor of
anatomy in the university of Pennsyl
vania in 1819-53, and the author of Spe
cial Anatomy and Histology; United
States Dissector; Anatomical Atlas; and
Pathological Anatomy. He died March
13, 1853, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HORNIBROOK, EDWARD, physician,
surgeon, was born Oct. 28, 1838, in On
tario, Canada. He received his education
in the public schools,
the university of
Toronto, and the
university of Vic
toria college. He
9 * ; has served as dean
, »X of the medical col-
>* ^9 lege of Sioux City,
v r Iowa, and professor
of gynaecology in that
institution. He was
the first vice-presi
dent of the Iowa
State Medical so
ciety; has served as consulting physician
and surgeon of the Iowa hospital for the
insane of Independence; and during 1891-
96 was trustee of the State Insane hospi
tal. He is one of the foremost physicians
and surgeons of Iowa, and now practices,
his profession at Cherokee.
498
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HORR, ROSWELL G., lawyer, miner,
congressman, was born Nov. 26, 1839, in
Waitfield, Vt. In 1872 he removed to
East Saginaw, Mich.; and was elected a
representative from Michigan to the forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, and forty-eighth con
gresses as a republican.
HORROCKS, JAMES, college president.
He was the sixth president of Mary and
William college. He died March 20, 1772.
HORRY, PETER, soldier, author, was
born in South Carolina. He distinguished
himself in the revolutionary war, and
was made a brigadier-general. In con
junction with Rev. Mason L. Weems, he
published a Life of Marion, which has
passed through many editions.
HORSEY, OUTERBRIDGE, lawyer,
United States senator, was born in 1777 In
Somerset county, Del. He was for many
years attorney-general of the state; and
was a senator in congress from Delaware
from 1810 to 1821. He died June 9, 1842,
in Needwood, Md.
HORSFIELD, THOMAS, naturalist, au
thor, was born in 1773 in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a naturalist and traveler who
was a native of Philadelphia, but was in
the employ of the East India company,
and lived in England after 1820. He is
the author of Lepidopterous Insects; and
Zoological Researches in Java. He died
in 1859 in London, England.
HORSFORD, EBEN NORTON, educat
or, author, was born July 27, 1818, in
Moscow, N. Y. He was a chemist of
Cambridge who was Rumford professor
at Harvard university in 1847-63. He was
the discoverer of acid phosphate, and one
of the founders of the Lawrence Scientific
school at Harvard. He was the author of
Theory and Art of Breadmaking; The
Army Ration; and Discovery of America
by Northmen. He died in 1893.
HORSFORD, JEDEDIAH, soldier, farm
er, congressman, was born March 8, 1791,
in Charlotte, Vt. He participated in the
defence of Burlington during the war of
1812, and in 1814 removed to the Genesee
valley, where he served as a missionary
among the Seneca Indians. He was a
member of the New York legislature, and
was elected to congress as a whig, serv
ing from 1851 till 1853. He died Jan. 14,
1874, in Livonia, N. Y.
HORSMANDEN, DANIEL, jurist, au
thor, was born in 1691 in England. He
was a jurist of New York city; and the
author of The New York Conspiracy, or
The History of the Negro Plot; and Let
ters to Governor Clinton. He died Sept.
28, 1778, in Flatbush, N. Y.
HORSTMANN, IGNATIUS F., priest,
bishop, was born Dec. 16, 1840, in Phila
delphia, Pa.. Completing the prescribed
course of studies, he
was elevated to the
priesthood in 1865.
He continued the
studies in Rome, and
a year later won the
degree of doctor of
divinity. In 1866 he
was appointed pro
fessor of logic, meta
physics and ethics,
as well as of German
and Hebrew, in St.
Charles Borromeo's
seminary of Philadelphia; and then dur
ing 1871-77 at Overbrook. In 1877 he
was appointed rector of St. Mary's
church; in 1885 became chancellor; In 1892
was installed as bishop of Cleveland; and
his diocese covers all of northern Ohio.
He Is an eloquent speaker; a facile writ
er; genial and democratic In manners;
generous to the poor; and a thorough
American in sentiment.
HORTON, ALBERT HOWELL, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 12, 1837, in Brook-
field, N. Y. In 1872 he was elected a mem
ber of the house of representatives of
Kansas; and in 1877 was elected chief
justice to the supreme court of Kansas.
HORTON, GEORGE FORMAN, physi
cian, author, was born Jan. 2, 1806, in
Terrytown, Pa. He was a physician of
Terrytown, Pa.; and the author of Ge
ology of Bradford County, Pennsylvania;
and The Horton Genealogy. He died Dec.
i'O, 1886, in Terrytown, Pa.
HORTON, GEORGE MOSES, slave,
poet, was born about 1798 in Chatham
county, N. C. He is the author of a book
of poems entitled The Hope of Liberty;
and also wrote novels and essays. He
died about 1880.
HORTON, JACKSON DAVID, physi
cian, was born Sept. 23, 1860, in Nashua,
Iowa. After attending the Nashua high
school he entered the Upper Iowa univer
sity in 1878, and remained there for two
years. He then went to the state uni
versity of Wisconsin for two years; in
1884 graduated from the College of Phy
sicians and Surgeons of Chicago; subse
quently taking a post-graduate course at
the Chicago Polyclinic. Since 1884 he has
been in active general practice of medi
cine in his native city, where he has been
coroner and has filled various other po
sitions of public trust. Dr. Horton is a
prominent member of the leading medi
cal bodies of the United States.
HORTON, NATHAN C., educator, law
yer, poet, was born Nov. 2, 1869, in Ches
ter, N. J. In his youth he taught school,
and subsequently
graduated from the
state model school
of Trenton, N. J. In
1888 he entered the
law department of
the university of
Pennsylvania, and at
the same time was
city editor of The
Advance of Middle-
town. The follow
ing year he gradu
ated and received the
degree of bachelor of laws. In 1895 he
became city counsel of Orange, N. J. For
many years he was editor of The Insur
ance News of Philadelphia; has con
tributed extensively to the periodical
press; and his poems have been given a
place in several standard works.
HORTON, SAMUEL DANA, publicist,
author, was born Jan. 16, 1844, in Pomeroy,
Ohio. He was a publicist of Pomeroy,
Ohio, and eminent as an advocate of
bimetallism. He was the author of Sil
ver and Gold; The Silver Pound and
England's Monetary Position since the
Restoration, with a History of the Guinea;
and Silver in Europe. He died in 1895.
HORTON, THEODORE, physician, sur
geon, state senator, was born Oct. 28, 1823,
in Chester, N. J. In 1852 he was elected
to the Indiana state senate, and in 1861
he was elected to the house of repre
sentatives. In 1864 he was elected auditor
of Wells county.
HORTON, THOMAS R., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1855 to 1857.
HORTON, VALENTINE BAXTER,
manufacturer, was born Jan. 29, 1802, in
Windsor, Vt. He was a member of the
Ohio constitutional convention of 1850.
In 1854 he was elected a representative to
the thirty-fourth congress; was re-elect
ed to the thirty-fifth and thirty-seventh
congresses. He died Jan. 14, 1888, In
Pomeroy, Ohio.
HORWITZ, PHINEAS JONATHAN,
surgeon, was born March 3, 1822, in Bal
timore, Md. From 1859 till 1865 he was
assistant to the bureau of medicine, and
chief of that bureau in 1865-69. He was
promoted surgeon in 1861, commissioned
medical inspector in 1871, medical direc
tor in 1873, and was retired with the rela
tive rank of captain in 1885.
HOSACK, DAVID, physician, scientist,
author, was born Aug. 31, 1769, in New
York city. He was an eminent physician
and scientist of New
York city who
founded the first bo-
t a n i c garden in
America. He was the
author of Contagious
Diseases; Vision;
Hortus Elginensis;
Memoir of Hugh
Williamson; Me
moirs of De Witt
Clinton; Essays on
Medical Science; and
Theory and Practice
of Medicine. He died Dec. 22, 1835, in
New York city.
HOSFORD, JEDEDIAH, congressman,
was born in Vermont. He was elected a
representative in congress from New York
from 1851 to 1853.
HOSFORD, ORAMEL, educator, author,
was born May 7, 1820, in Thetford, Vt.
He was professor of mathematics and
philosophy in Olivet college, Michigan, in
1846, and at the same time was pastor of
the congregational church there. In 1864
he was elected superintendent of public in
struction of the state of Michigan. He
published School Laws of Michigan, with
Notes and Forms.
HOSKIN, ROBERT, wood engraver, was
born Feb. 10, 1842, in Brooklyn, N. Y. At
the international exhibition of the graphic
arts, held at Vienna in 1887, he received
the gold medal of honor for his engrav
ing of Cromwell Visiting Milton. He is
still an engraver for magazines.
HOSKINS, GEORGE GILBERT, mer
chant, congressman, was born Dec. 24,
1824, in Bennington, N. Y. He was ap
pointed postmaster at Bennington, and re
tained the office under three presidents.
He was a member of the assembly of the
state in 1860, 1865, and 1866, and in 1865
was chosen speaker. In 1868 he was ap
pointed state commissioner of public ac
counts, and held the office three years;
and in 1871 was appointed collector of in
ternal revenue. He was elected to the
forty-third and forty-fourth congresses.
HOSKINS, NATHAN, lawyer, author,
was born April 27, 1795, in Wethersfield,
Vt. He was a lawyer of Vermont and
Massachusetts; and the author of His
tory of Vermont; Notes in the West; and
The Bennington Court Controversy. He
died April 21. 1869, in Williamstown,
Mass.
HOSMER, FREDERICK LUCIAN, cler
gyman, author, poet, was born in 1846
in Massachusetts. He is a Unitarian cler
gyman of Chicago; and the author of
The Way of Life; and The Thought of
God in Hymns and Poems.
HOSMER, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
clergyman, college president, was born
Nov. 27, 1803, in Concord, Mass. In 1856
he was elected president of Antioch col
lege of Yellow Springs, Ohio. He died
July 5, 1881, in Canton.
HOSMER, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
physician, author, was born in 1846. He
is a physician; and the author of The
People and Politics; and As We Went
Marching On, a Story of the War.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
499
HOSMER, H. L., lawyer, jurist. He
was chief justice of the United States
court for the territory of Idaho.
HOSMER, HARRIET G., sculptor, was
born Oct. 9, 1830, in Watertown, Mass.
She has produced two ideal heads, Daphne
and Medusa, which were exhibited in Bos
ton in 1853. She executed a statue of
Queen Isabella for the World's Colum
bian exposition. Her best works are Ze-
nobia in Chains; and The Sleeping Faun.
HOSMER, HEZEKIAH L., congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1797 to 1799.
HOSMER, JAMES KENDALL, educat
or, author, was born Jan. 29, 1834, in
Xorthfield, Mass. He was a professor in
Washington university of St. Louis in
1874-92, and since the latter date public
librarian of Minneapolis. He is the au
thor of Short History of Anglo-Saxon
Freedom; The Story of the Jews; Life
of Sir Henry Vane; Life of Samuel
Adams; Thomas Hutchinson, Royal Gov
ernor of the Province of Massachusetts
Bay; The Color Guard, a narrative of
personal experience; The Thinking
Bayonet, a novel; A Short History of
German Literature; and How Thankful
Was Bewitched.
HOSMER, JEAN, actress, was born
Jan. 29, 1842, near Boston, Mass. She first
appeared on the stage in a ballet at Buf
falo, N. Y., and rose to be a star actress,
performing the part of Juliet at the Chest
nut street theater, Philadelphia, in 1858.
HOSMER, MRS. MARGARET [KERR],
author, was born in 1830 in Philadelphia,
Pa. She is a Philadelphia writer of Sun
day-school tales, among which are, A
Chinaman in California; The Chinese
Boy; The Little Captives; Lonny the
Orphan. She wrote, also, three novels,
Blanche Gilroy; The Morrisons; and Ten
Years of a Lifetime.
HOSMER, STEPHEN TITUS, lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1763 in Middletown,
Conn. For two years and a half he was
a member of the council of state, and
after the adoption of the state consti
tution was chief justice of Connecticut
from 1815 till 1833. He died Aug. 5,
1834, in Middletown, Conn.
HOSMER, TITUS, jurist, congressman,
was born in 1736 in Middletown, Conn.
He was a member of the council; of the
assembly from 1773 to 1778; and speaker
in 1777. He was a delegate to the con
tinental congress from 1775 to 1779; and
in 1780 was appointed judge of the mari
time court of appeals for the United
States. He was a signer of the articles
of confederation. He died Aug. 4, 1780, in
Watertown, Conn.
HOSMER, WILLIAM HENRY CUYLER,
lawyer, author, poet, was born May 25,
1814, in Avon, N. Y. He was a lawyer of
western New York
who wrote much in
verse, the greater
part of which is con
cerned with Indian
legends. He was the
author of Fall of Te-
cumseh; Legends of
the Senecas; The
Themes of Song;
The Months; Yon-
nondio; Bird Notes;
Indian Traditions
and Songs; and The
Pioneers of Western New York. He died
May 23, 1877, in Avon, N. Y.
HOSTETLER, ABRAHAM J., merchant,
state senator, congressman, was born Nov.
22, 1818, in Washington county, Ind. He
was elected a state senator from 1854 to
1858; and was elected a representative
from Indiana to the forty-sixth congress.
HOSTETTER, JACOB, congressman,
was born in York, Pa. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state in
1814 to fill a vacancy; and again from
1819 to 1821.
HOSTETTER, SAMUEL E., lawyer, jur
ist, was born July 19, 1860, in Newberry,
Ind. He received his education in the
common schools of Indiana, and in 1881
attended the state university of Nebraska.
In 18 78 he moved to Nebraska, where he
was bank clerk, city treasurer, deputy
county clerk, teacher and law student at
Central City, Neb. In 1883 he was ad
mitted to the bar, and the same year was
elected county judge. After serving two
years he moved to Denver, Colo.; and in
1889 to Sioux City, Iowa, where he is
counsel for the Lombard Investment com
pany of Kansas City, Mo.; counsel for
the Fidelity Loan and Trust company of
Sioux City; and various other corpora
tions.
HOTCHKISS, BENJAMIN BERKELY,
inventor, was born Oct. 1, 1826, in Water-
town, Conn. In 1860 he submitted to the
United States government an improved
system of rifling-belt and percussion fuse
for projectiles, and after their adoption he
engaged in their manufacture in New
York. His next invention of importance
was that of a magazine-rifle, devised in
1875, and followed in 1882 by a quick-
firing gun. At the time of his death, Mr.
Hotchkiss had the reputation of being the
first artillery engineer in the world. He
died Feb. 14, 1885, in Paris, France.
HOTCHKISS, GILES W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 25, 1815, in
Windsor, N. Y. He was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the thirty-
eighth congress; and was re-elected to
the thirty-ninth, fortieth and forty-first
congresses as a republican, serving as
chairman of civil service, and on the com
mittee on claims. He died July 5, 1878.
HOTCHKISS, JAMES HARVEY, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 23, 1781, in
Cornwall, Conn. He was a presbyterian
minister of Prattsburg, N. Y.; and the
author of History of the Churches of
Western New York. He died Sept. 21,
1851, in Prattsburg, N. Y.
HOTCHKISS, JULIUS, merchant, st.ate
legislator, congressman, was born in 1810
in Middletown, Conn. He was twice
elected to the Connecticut state legisla
ture. In 1867 he was elected a representa
tive from Connecticut to the fortieth con
gress; and re-elected to the forty-first
congress.
HOUCK, JACOB, JR., congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1841 to 1843.
HOUCK, LEONIDAS C., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born June 8, 1836,
in Sevier county, Tenn. He served in the
union army from 1861 to 1863, rising to
the rank of colonel. He was a member
of the state constitutional convention of
1865; and was judge of the seventeenth
judicial circuit from 1866 to 1870. He then
moved to Knoxville, Tenn., and was a
delegate to the republican national con
vention of 1868. He was a presidential
elector in 1872 and 1876; and was a rep
resentative in the state legislature in
1872. He was elected a representative
from Tennessee to the forty-sixth, forty-
seventh, forty-eighth and forty-ninth con
gresses.
HOUGH, DAVID, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
Hampshire from 1803 to 1807.
HOUGH, FRANKLIN BENJAMIN, phy
sician, author, was born July 20, 1820, in
Martinsburg, N. Y. He was a physician
whose later years were passed in Low-
vine, N. Y., in scientific and historical
study. He was the author of Catalogue
of Plants in Lewis and Franklin Counties;
History of St. Lawrence and Franklin
Counties; The Siege of Charleston in
1780; Duty of Government in the Preser
vation of Forests; Report on Forestry;
Elements of Forestry; and American Con
stitutions. He died June 6, 1885, in Low-
vine, N. Y.
HOUGH, GEORGE WASHINGTON, as
tronomer, author, was born Oct. 24, 1836,
in Tribes Hill, N. Y. He is an astron
omer of Chicago, director of the Dearborn
observatory; and the author of Annals
of Dudley Observatory; Report of Dear
born Observatory; and The Galvanic Bat
tery.
HOUGH, JACOB B., physician, was born
June 23, 1829, in Camargo, Pa. In 1875 he
became professor of chemistry and toxi
cology in Miami Medical college, Cin
cinnati, where he has resided since 1873,
working as an analytical and consulting
chemist.
HOUGH, JOHN STOCKTON, physician,
author, was born Dec. 5, 1845, in Yardley,
Pa. He was a successful physician and
surgeon of Philadelphia, Pa.; and the au
thor of several medical works.
HOUGH, LEWIS SYLVESTER, soldier,
educator, lawyer, author, was born March
31, 1819, in Martinsburg, N. Y. He re
ceived diplomas from Hudson and Am-
herst colleges, and prior to the war he
was engaged in teaching, as principal of
the classical department of Germantown
academy, and subsequently principal of
one of the public schools in Philadelphia.
He was a soldier in the union army dur
ing the civil war; then again taught
school; and has attained success as a
lawyer of Media, Pa. He is the author of
several political essays, the best known
being America and Her Tariff, and the
Principles of Coinage and Currency.
HOUGH, WARWICK, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 26, 1836, in Loudoun
county, Va. He served in the confederate
army during the civil war, and for awhile
was on the staff of Lieutenant-General
Taylor. In 1874 he was elected judge of
the supreme court of Missouri for a term
of ten years, during the last two years of
which he was chief justice of the state.
He is now one of the foremost lawyers
of St. Louis, Mo.
HOUGH, WILLIAM J., congressman,
was born in New York. He served in the
assembly of that state in 1835 and 1836;
and was a representative in congress
from New York from 1845 to 1847.
HOUGH, WILLIAM R., lawyer, state
senator, was born Oct. 9, 1833, in Will-
iamsburg, Ind. He served four years as
senator, there being two regular and two
special sessions of the legislature during
his term of office.
HOUGHTON, DOUGLAS, naturalist,
was born Sept. 21, 1809, in Troy, N. Y.
He erected a hermitage in his father's
orchard, where he engaged in various re
searches. Among his experiments was
the manufacture of percussion powder,
which had been recently invented. He
died Oct. 13, 1845, on Lake Superior.
HOUGHTON, GEORGE FREDERICK,
lawyer, journalist, was born May 31, 1820,
in Guilford, Vt. In 1848-49 he was state
secretary of civil and military affairs, and
in 1852-53 state's attorney for Franklin
county. The next year he established the
Vermont Transcript, and was subsequent
ly connected with the Church Journal of
New York. He died Feb. 22, 1870, in St.
Albans, Vt.
500
HKHKINCSHAWS KXrYCLOPKUI A OF AMKRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOUGHTON, GEORGE WASHINGTON
WRIGHT, journalist, poet, was born Aug.
12, 1850, in Cambridge, Mass. He was a
journalist and poet of New York
city. His published volumes of verse in
clude, Songs from Over the Sea; Album
Leaves; Drift from York Harbor, Maine;
The Legend of St. Olafs Kirk; and
Niagara, and Other Poems. He died in
April, 1891, in Yonkers, N. Y.
HOUGHTON, HENRY CLARK, physi
cian, educator, author, was born Jan. 22,
1837, in Boston, Mass. He is a physician
of New York city; dean of the ophthalmic
hospital; and the author of Lectures on
Clinical Otology.
HOUGHTON, JAMES FRANKLIN,
merchant, civil engineer, was born Dec. 1,
1827, in Cambridge, Mass. He received
the rudiments of his education in the
public schools of Massachusetts, and in
1848 graduated from the Rensselaer Poly
technic institute. He first accepted a re
sponsible position in the construction of
the Boston water works; and in 1849
moved to California by way of Cape
Horn. In 1853 he became a member of
the lumber firm of Pine and Houghton,
which became the best known and most
powerful house on the Pacific coast.
During 1862-68 he served as surveyor-gen
eral of the state of California; and for
eighteen years was president of the Home
Mutual Insurance company. He has filled
numerous public positions of honor; was
president of the South San Francisco Dock
company and other corporations; and
has now retired from active business.
HOl'GHTON, JOHN HENRY, clergy
man, was born March 29, 1848, in Albany,
N. Y. He attended Claverack college,
St. Stephen's college, and the General
Theological seminary. In 1872 he was or
dained to the deaconate of the episcopal
church; and in 1875 to the priesthood.
In 1872 he was deacon of the Trinity
church of New York city; in 1876 was
called to St. Paul's church of Salem, N. Y.,
after a year's travel in Europe; and in
1886 became rector of the Rexleigh school
in the same city. Since 1892 he has been
rector of St. Mark's of Denver, Colo.; and
is a canon of the cathedral of St. John,
and a member of the standing committee
of the diocese.
HOUGHTON. SHERMAN OTIS, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born April 10, 1828.
in New York city. He received his edu-
i ation in the private
schools of New York
city. In 1846 he en
listed in the first
regiment of New
York volunteers for
service during the
war with Mexico. He
went with his regi
ment around Cape
Horn in 1846, arriv--
ing at San Francisco
on March 26, 1847.
He participated in
numerous conflicts with the Mexican
troops; was promoted to a lieutenancy,
and made adjutant of his command. After
his return to California he engaged in
gold mining for a short time; remained in
San Jose during 1849-86; thence to Los
Angeles, where he has since resided. Ih
1855-56 he was mayor of San Jose; was
a member of the fifty-second and fifty-
third congresses. He served two years as
ordnance officer on the staff of Major-
General H. W. Halleck, with the rank of
lieutenant-colonel. In 1860 he was ad
mitted to the bar; has been leading coun
sel in numerous important cases involv
ing titles under Spanish and Mexican land
grants In California.
HOUK, CLYDE STANLEY, educator,
writer, was born Jan. 22, 1873, in New
Haven, 111. After receiving the rudi
ments of his education in the public
schools, he attended the Southern Illi
nois university, and graduated from that
institution in 1893. He then took up edu
cational work.; has taught German,
French and Spanish; and has attained
prominence as a writer for educational pa
pers and magazines.
HOUK. GEORGE W.. lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 25, 1825, in Cum
berland county, Pa. For awhile he taught
school. He was ad
mitted to the bar in
1846; and practiced
law in Dayton, Ohio.
In 3852-53 he was
elected to the Ohio
state legislature;
and in 1860 was a
delegate to the Char-
1 e s t o n - Baltimore
convention. In 1876
he was a delegate to
the national repub-
1 i c a n convention;
and in 1884 was district elector on the
democratic presidential ticket. He was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat; and was re-elected to the fifty-
third congress, but died before the ex
piration of his second term. His contri
butions to the press embraced a wide
range of subjects. His wife has also at
tained prominence as an author.
HOUK, JOHN C., congressman, was
born Feb. 26, 1860, in Clinton, Tenn. He
was elected from Tennessee to the fifty-
second, and re-elected to the fifty-third
congress as a republican.
HOUSE, EDWARD HOWARD, journal
ist, critic, author, was born Sept. 5, 1836,
in Boston, Mass. He is a journalist and
critic of Boston and New York; long
resident in Japan; and the author of The
Simonoseki Affair; The Kagosima Affair;
The Japanese Expedition to Formosa;
Japanese Episodes; Yone Santo, a Child
of Japan; and The Midnight Warning,
and Other Stories.
HOUSE, HANNA A., poet, was born
near Hillsboro, Va. She has attained
prominence in the south in the field of
literature; is the author of a number of
very fine poems, several of which have
received a place in standard national col
lections of poetry.
HOUSE, JAMES ALFORD, inventor,
was born April 6, 1838, in New York city.
In 1864 he became the mechanical en
gineer of the Wheeler and Wilson Manu
facturing company. The button-hole ma
chine made by this corporation was in
vented by him in 1862, and the button
hole attachment for their family sewing-
machine was patented by him in 1866. He
has also invented an india-rubber trunk
shield and several sewing-machine im
provements.
HOUSE, JOHN F., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 9, 1827, in Will
iamson county, Tenn. He was elected a
member of the state legislature in 1853;
was a presidential elector in 1860; and in
1861 was a member of the provisional con
gress of confederate states. He entered
the southern army and remained until the
close of the war. He was a member of the
house of the Tennessee constitutional con
vention of 1870; and was elected a repre
sentative from Tennessee to the forty-
fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth, and forty-
seventh congresses as a democrat.
HOUSE, ROYAL EARL, inventor, was
born Sept. 9, 1814, in Rockingham, Vt.
The practicability of the printing-tele
graph became manifest to him. and he in
vented a keyboard, a single line of in
sulated electric conductors, magnets,
type-wheels, automatic platens, and pa
per-carriers, for several stations, adapted
for transmitting and printing messages in
Roman characters.
HOUSEMAN, JULIUS, merchant, man
ufacturer, congressman, was born Dec. 8,
1832, in Germany. He was a representa
tive in the Michigan state legislature in
1871 and 1872; and was elected a repre
sentative from Michigan to the forty-
eighth congress as a democrat.
HOUSER, JESSE P., lawyer, jurist, was
born March 2, 1864, in Columbus, Ind. He
received the rudiments of his education in
the public schools, and graduated from
the state normal school of Kirksville, Mo.
He has attained prominence as an able
lawyer; was elected mayor of Mount
Vernon, Wash., in 1894, for a term of
two years; and in 1896 was elected judge
of the superior court of the state of Wash
ington for a term of four years.
HOUSER, SAMUEL T., banker, gov
ernor, was born in 1832. He became
largely interested in mining, and was suc
cessful; settled at Helena, Mont.; and
became president of the First National
bank of Helena. In 1885 he was appointed
governor of the territory of Montana for
the term of four years.
IKH'STON, A. ROSS, soldier, civil en
gineer, was born March 20, 1848, in Mid-
dletown, N. Y. He received his education
at the Walkill academy and from private
tutors. At the age of sixteen he entered
the union army as second lieutenant in
the fourth engineer corps D'Afrique; was
promoted to first lieutenant and captain,
and assigned as aid-de-camp at head
quarters, department of the Gulf, and
served in the campaigns of Red River and
against Mobile in 1864-65. After his war
service Capt. Houston entered the em
ploy of the engineer department of the
United States army, and has remained
continuously in that department to the
present time, serving on the New England
coast and on works connected with the
great lakes and rivers of the northwest.
HOUSTON, DANIEL FRANKLIN, edu
cator, author. He is a professor of politi
cal economy in the university of Texas;
and the author of A Critical History of
Nullification in South Carolina.
HOUSTON, DAVID CRAWFORD, civil
engineer, was born Dec. 5. 1835, in New
York city. During the civil war, as first
lieutenant of the engineer corps, he aided
in constructing the defences of Washing
ton, D. C. In 1865 he was brevetted col
onel for gallant and meritorious services
during the rebellion.
HOUSTON, GEORGE S., lawyer, Ftate
legislator, congressman, governor, United
States senator, was born Jan. 17, 1811, In
Williamson county, Tenn. He was elect
ed to the Alabama legislature and served
two sessions; was for a time attorney
for the state; and was a second time
elected to the legislature. He was
elected a representative to congress in
1841, and continued to serve by successive
re-elections until 1849. He was again
elected to congress in 1851, and subse
quently re-elected. He was governor of
Alabama from 1874 to 1876; and was elect
ed United States senator from Alabama
for the term of six years from March 4,
1879. He died Dec. 31, 1879, in Athens;
Ala.
HOUSTON, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Maryland. In 1806 he was ap
pointed United States judge for the dis
trict of Maryland.
KHHINGSHAW'S KNCYCLOPKDIA OF AMKHICAN BIOGRAPHY.
501
HOUSTON, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, gov
ernor, was born Aug. 31, 1744, in Waynes-
boro, Ga. He was a delegate to the con
tinental congress from 1775 to 1777, and
was a member of the first naval commit
tee. He was a member of the state coun
cil in May, 1777; governor of Georgia
from 1778 to 1784; and in 1787 was com
missioner for settling the boundary be
tween Georgia and South Carolina. In
1792 he was appointed first judge of the
supreme court of Georgia. He died July
20, 1796, in Savannah.
HOUSTON, JOHN W., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in Sussex county,
Del. He was secretary of state in 1841;
and a representative in congress from
Delaware from 1845 to 1851. In 1856 he
was appointed judge of the supreme court
of Delaware; and was a delegate to the
peace congress of 1861.
HOUSTON, SAM, soldier, statesman,
was born March 2, 1793, in Rockbridge
county, Va. His mother removed with
her family to the
banks of the Tennes
see, at that time the
limit of civilization.
He served for a time
as clerk to a country
trader, and taught
school. In 1813 he
enlisted in the army
and served under
General Jackson in
the war with the
Creek Indians; dis
tinguished himself
on several occasions, and, at the conclu
sion of the war, had risen to the rank
of lieutenant. He commenced the study
of law at Nashville; and after holding
several minor offices in Tennessee, he
was, in 1823, elected to congress, and con
tinued a member of that body until 1827.
when he became governor of Tennessee.
In 1829, before the expiration of his guber
natorial term, he resigned his office, and
went to take up his abode among the
Cherokee Indians in Arkansas. A militia
was organized, and Austin, the founder
of the colony, was elected commander-in-
chief, in which office he was shortly after
succeeded by General Houston. He con
ducted the war with vigor, and finally
brought it to a successful termination
by the battle of San Jacinto, which was
fought in 1836; in May. 1836, he signed a
treaty acknowledging the independence
of Texas, and in October of the same year
was inaugurated the first president of the
republic: and at the end of his term
of office, as the same person could not
constitutionally be elected president twice
in succession, he became a member of the
Texas congress. In 1841, however, he was
again elevated to the presidential chair;
during the whole time that he held that
office it was his favorite policy to effect
the annexation of Texas to the United
States. In 1846 Texas became one of the
states of the union, and General Houston
was elected to the United States senate, of
which body he remained a member until
1859. In 1859 he was elected governor
of Texas: in a letter that he addressed
to the compiler of this volume he said, in
his characteristic manner, that he had
risen from a sergeant up to president of
a republic, and down to a senator of
the United States. His name was Sam —
not Samuel, as generally printed. He died
July 25, 1863, in Huntsville, Texas.
HOUSTON, WILLIAM, congressman
He was a delegate from Georgia to the
continental congress from 1784 to 1787;
and was a member of the convention
which framed the federal constitution, but
did not sign the instrument.
HOUSTON, WILLIAM CHURCHILL,
educator, congressman, was born in 1740
in Cabarrus county, N. C. He was a pro-
tessor of mathematics in Princeton col
lege. He was a delegate from New Jersey
to the continental congress from 1779 to
1782, and again in 1784 and 1785. He died
Aug. 12, 1788, in Frankfort, Pa.
HOUSWORTH, WILLIAM EUGENE,
educator, lawyer, author, was born Nov.
7, 1853, in Selin's Grove, Pa. He learned
the printer's trade; then took up educa
tional work for about twelve years; and
in 1880 was admitted to the bar. He is
the author of a number of meritorious
poems; and is known in central Penn
sylvania as the bard of the Susquehanna.
HOVEY, ALBERT G., merchant, banker,
state senator, was born July 11, 1824, in
Londonderry, N. H. In 1862 he was elect
ed a senator of the Oregon legislature;
served three sessions; and in 1888 was
made mayor of his city.
HOVEY, ALVAH, clergyman, educator,
college president, author, was born March
5, 1820, in Greene, N. Y. He is a baptist
clergyman; professor in Newton Theo
logical seminary from 1819; and since
1868 its president. He is the author of
The Miracles of Christ; The Scriptural
Law of Divorce; Life of Isaac Backus;
State of the Impenitent Dead; Christian
Teaching and Life; God with Us; Sys
tematic Theology; Biblical Eschatology;
and Studies in Ethics and Religion, which
include his principal works.
HOVEY, ALVIN PETERSON, soldier,
was born Sept. 6, 1821, in Posey county,
Ind. He entered the volunteer service
during the rebellion as a major: served
with distinction as colonel and brigadier-
general at Shiloh, Corinth, Champion Hill
and Vicksburg; and was made a brevet
major-general.
HOVEY, CHARLES EDWARD, soldier,
educator, lawyer, college president, was
born April 26, 1827, in Thetford, Vt. He
assisted in organizing the Illinois normal
university in Normal, of which he was
president from 1857 till the civil war; and
on the organization of a system of public
schools in that city in 1856 he was ap
pointed superintendent, and assisted in
forming the state teachers' association,
of which he was president in 1856. In 1862
he was promoted to the rank of brigadier-
general.
HOVEY, CHARLES MASON, horti
culturist, journalist, author, was born Oct.
26, 1810, in Cambridge, Mass. He was
a noted horticulturist of Cambridge, ed
itor of Hovey's Magazine of Horticulture,
which reached its thirty-fourth volume,
and author of Fruits of America. He died
Sept. 2, 1887, in Cambridge, Mass.
HOVEY, HARRIETTE SPOFFORD, ed
ucator, was born on the island of Nan-
tucket. She is now, and has been for
thirteen years, in charge of the division
of correspondence and records in the
national bureau of education af Wash
ington, D. C.
HOVEY, HORACE CARTER, clergy
man, author, poet, was born Jan. 28, 1833,
in Fountain county, Ind. He is a con-,
gregational clergy
man of Bridgeport,
Conn.; and the au
thor of Celebrated
American Caverns.
He has delivered a
series of lectures on
Caverns, Mountains
and Tornadoes,
which are brilliantly
illustrated with won
derful views. He is
a most popular cler
gyman of his de
nomination: and a successful lecturer.
HOVEY, RICHARD, author, poet, was
born in 1864 in Illinois. He is a verse-
writer of Washington; and the author of
The Laurel, an Ode; Launcelot and
Guinevere, a Poem in Dramas, republished
as The Marriage of Guinevere; Seaward,
an Elegy on the Death of Thomas Will
iam Parsons; Gandelfo, a tragedy; and
Songs from Vagabondia, and More Songs
from Vagabondia.
HOW, SAMUEL BLANCHARD, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Oct. 14, 1790, in Burlington, N. J. In 1823
he became pastor of the Independent
church in Savannah, Ga., whence he was
called in 1830 to the presidency of Dickin
son college, Pennsylvania. In 1832 he be
came pastor of the First Reformed Dutch
church of New Brunswick, N. J., continu
ing in this charge until failing health in
duced his resignation in 1861. He pub
lished a volume entitled Slaveholding not
Sinful. He died Feb. 29, 1868, in New
Brunswick, N. J.
HOWARD, ADA LYDIA, college presi
dent, was born Dec. 19, 1829, in Temple,
N. H. In 1875 she was elected the first
president of Wellesley college, resigning
in 1881 on account of ill-health.
HOWARD, BENJAMIN, soldier, con
gressman, governor, was born about 1760
in Virginia. He was a representative in
congress from Kentucky from 1807 to 1810
when he was appointed governor of In
diana territory. He was appointed briga
dier-general in the United States army in
1813. He was once governor of Missouri
territory. He died Sept. 18, 1814, in St.
Louis, Mo.
HOWARD, BENJAMIN CHEW, soldier,
congressman, governor, was born Nov. 5,
1791, in Baltimore county, Md. He com
manded a volunteer company at the battle
of North Point in 1814. He was a presi
dential elector in 1828; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Maryland from
1829 to 1833, and again from 1835 to 1839.
From 1835 to 1850 he was a general of
militia; was a reporter of the decisions
of the supreme court of the United States
from 1843 to 1862; and was democratic
candidate for governor of Maryland in
1861. He was also a delegate to the peace
congress of 1861. He died March 6, 1872,
in Baltimore, Md.
HOWARD, BLANCHE WILLIS, author,
was born July 21, 1847, in Bangor, Maine.
She is the author of One Summer; One
Year Abroad; Aunt Serena; Guenn; Aul-
nay Tower; and other works.
HOWARD, BRONSON, dramatist, au
thor, was born Oct. 7, 1842, in Detroit,
Mich. He is a prominent dramatist of
New York city; and the author of Sara
toga, produced in London as Brighton,
and in Berlin as Eine Erste und Einzige
Liebe; Diamonds; The Banker's Daugh
ter; Old Love Letters: Young Mrs. Win-
throp; One of Our Girls; The Henrietta;
Shenandoah: Aristocracy; Moorcroft;
Hurricanes; Wives; Met by Chance; and
Greenroom Fun.
HOWARD, CHARLES J., lawyer, legis
lator, was born March 26, 1862, in Barnes-
ville, Ohio. He has served as city solicit
or and member of the school board of his
native town. He served with distinction
as a member of the seventy-second and
seventy-third general assemblies of Ohio.
HOWARD, FRANK T., capitalist, was
born May 31, 1855, in New Orleans, La.
He owns the celebrated Quitaque ranch
of 160,000 acres in the northern part of
Texas, and has numerous other invest
ments of various kinds.
HOWARD, FRED W., poet. He is the
author of a number of meritorious poems
which have appeared in the leading news
papers and magazines of Minnesota.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOWARD, GEORGE, governor, was
born in Maryland. He became acting gov
ernor in 1831; and in 1832 was elected
governor of Maryland, remaining in office
until 1833.
HOWARD, HENRY, merchant, state
legislator, governor, was born April 2,
1826, in Cranston, R. I. He served a num
ber of years in the state legislature; and
was a presidential elector in 1872. In
1873 he was elected governor of Rhode
Island; and was re-elected in 1874, de
clining a renomination for 1875.
HOWARD, JACOB MERRITT, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman. United
States senator, author, was born July 10,
1805, in Shaftsbury, Vt. In 1838 he was a
member of the Michigan legislature; and
from 1841 to 1843 was a representative in
congress from Michigan. In 1854 he was
elected attorney-general of the state;
twice re-elected, serving in all six years.
In 1862 he was elected a senator in con
gress to fill a vacancy; and was re-elected
senator for the term commencing in 1865
and ending in 1871. As an author he pub
lished, in 1847, a translation from the
French of the Secret Memoirs of the Em
press Josephine. He died April 2, 1871, in
Detroit, Mich.
HOWARD, JOHN EAGER, soldier, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born
June 4, 1752, in Baltimore county, Md.
He entered the army
in 1776 as a captain;
in the following year
was promoted; and
finally succeeded to
the command of the
second Maryland
regiment. In 1787 he
was a delegate to the
c o n t i n e n tal con
gress; in 1788 was
chosen governor of
Maryland, and held
the office three years;
ami was a presidential elector in 1792.
He was a senator of the United States
from Maryland from 1796 to 1803, and
was president pro tern, of the senate in the
sixth congress. He died Oct. 12, 1827, in
Baltimore county, Md. ,
HOWARD, JONAS G., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in Floyd
county, Ind. He was elected a represen
tative to the state legislature in 1862, and
again in 1864; and was a presidential
elector in 1868, and again in 1876. He was
elected a representative from Indiana to
the forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses as
a democrat.
HOWARD, LELAND OSSIAN, entomol
ogist, was born June 11, 1857, in Rockford,
111. He has been entomologist in the
United States department of agriculture;
lecturer on entomology in the George
town university; and president of the
Biological society of Washington, D. C.
HOWARD, MILFORD W., congressman,
was born Dec. 18, 1862, in Floyd county,
Ga. He was elected to the fifty-fourth and
fifty-fifth congresses
as a populist. While
tn congress he has
been on numerous
important commit
tees and always
takes an active part
in debates on all
bills which affect the
welfare of his state.
He has contributed
extensively to cur
rent publications;
and Is a successful
speaker. While a member of congress,
he was instrumental in the passage of
several bills of importance.
HOWARD, NORMAN DE VERB, sol
dier, physician, was born March 20, 1842,
in Washington, D. C. He graduated from
the medical department of the Washing
ton university, and has attained promin
ence as a successful physician and a
recognized expert in diseases of the nerv
ous system and insanity. For nine years
he was superintendent of the St. Louis
Insane asylum; and is now president of
the medical examining board of his dis
trict at Sanford, Fla. Dr. Howard
served through the war in the confederate
army. He is a member of various learned
societies; and of the leading medical bod
ies of America.
HOWARD, OLIVER OTIS, soldier, au
thor, was born in November, 1830, in
Leagues, Maine. In 1850 he graduated
^^_^^__^__ from Bowdoin col
lege; and in 1854
jfp* from the military
academy at West
_ ^- Point, and was com-
«' missioned lieutenant
of Warden, Mass. In
1857 he became in
structor in mathe
matics at West Point
for four years. He
is the author of Don
ald's School Days; a
translation of Age-
nor's Life of Count de Gasparin; Chief
Joseph, or the Nez Perces in Peace and
War; and Isabella of Castile.
HOWARD, ROBERT A., lawyer, jurist.
He was a successful lawyer of Arkansas;
and in 1885 he was appointed assistant at
torney-general of the United States in
the department of justice at Washington,
D. C.
HOWARD, TILGHMAN A., lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Nov. 14, 1797, near Pickinsville, S. C. He
was elected a member of the Tennessee
legislature; was a Jackson elector in
1830; and during that year removed to
Indiana, and was appointed district at
torney for that state. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Indiana from
1839 to 1841; and was appointed charge
d'affaires to Texas in 1844. He died Aug.
16, 1844, in Texas.
HOWARD, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was elected a
representative from Ohio to the thirty-
sixth congress.
HOWARD, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born Jan. 13, 1847, in Bel
fast, Ireland. In 1853 he settled in Utah.
In 1865 he was ap
pointed second-lieu
tenant in the Nauvoo
legion, and took
charge of a small
company of men in
the Black Hawk In
dian war. In 1870 he
was prosecuting at
torney of Randolph,
and filled various
other positions of
public trust. For ten
years he was statis
tic correspondent of the United States ag
ricultural department. In 1894 he was
elected a member of the constitutional
convention, and was one of the signers of
the constitution of Utah in 1895. He has
also served as a United States court com
missioner. In 1896 he was elected a rep
resentative of the first Utah state legisla
ture, and served in that body with dis
tinction. He is an able lawyer of Hunt-
ington, Utah; and in 1896 was elected
county attorney.
HOWARD, WILLIAM ALANSON, con
gressman, governor, was born April 8,
1813, in Hinesburg, Vt. He was elected a
representative from Michigan to the
thirty-fourth, thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth
congresses. In 1861 he was appointed
postmaster at Detroit. He was a dele
gate to the Philadelphia loyalists' conven
tion of 1866; and was governor of Dakota
from 1878 to 1880. He died April 10, 1880,
in Washington, D. C.
HOWARD, WILLIAM MARCELLUS,
lawyer, was born Dec. 6, 1857, in Berwick
city, La. He was elected solicitor-general
of the northern judicial circuit of Georgia
by the state legislature in 1884; was re-
elected to that office in 1888 and in 1892.
and was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a democrat. He has been renominat-
ed for a seat in the fifty-sixth congress.
HOWARD, WILLIAM WASHINGTON,
educator, college president, author, was
born Sept. 19, 1817, in England. He was
licensed as a preacher, became in 1863
pastor of the presbyterian church in
Aurora, N. Y., and was chosen the first
president of Wells Female college in that
place. He published Aids to French Com
position. He died July 1, 1871, in Aurora,
N. Y.
HOWARTH, MRS. ELLEN CLEMEN
TINE, poet, was born May 20, 1827, in
Cooperstown, N. Y. She has published
The Wind-Harp, and Other Poems; and
Poems, with an introduction by Richard
Watson Gilder. Her best-known poems
are Thou Wilt Never Grow Old; and 'Tis
but a Little Faded Flower.
HOWE, ALBERT R., soldier, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Jan. 2,
1840, in Brookfield, Mass. He served in
the forty-seventh Massachusetts infantry
as sergeant, lieutenant, and acting adju
tant, participating in the campaign in
North Carolina; was commissioned sec
ond lieutenant in the fifth Massachusetts
cavalry; promoted to be major, serving
in Virginia and Texas until November.
1865. He was a member of the Mississip
pi state convention in 1868; and a dele
gate to the Chicago national convention In
1868. He was appointed treasurer of Pa-
nola county in 1869; and was a member of
the legislature in 1870, 1871, and 1872.
He was elected to the forty-third congress
as a republican.
HOWE, DANIEL WAIT, soldier, law
yer, jurist, genealogist, was born Oct. 24,
1839, in Patriot, Ind. In 1850 he removed
to Franklin, and
graduated from the
scientific department
of the college in that
city. During the
civil war he served
as a union soldier in
company H of the
seventh regiment In
diana volunteer in
fantry; and after
ward as lieutenant
and captain of com
pany I, seventy-
ninth regiment Indiana volunteer in
fantry. He was discharged Nov. 10, 18G4.
in consequence of wounds received in the
battle of Kennesaw. In 1867 he gradu
ated from the Albany Law school; prac
ticed law in Franklin, Ind.; and while
there was city attorney and state prose
cuting attorney. In 1873 he moved to
Indianapolis; was judge of the superior
court during 1876-90, since which time
he has practiced his profession of law.
He is vice-president of the Indiana His
torical society; the author of the Howe
Genealogy; and one of the foremost law
yers of Indiana.
HERRINGSHAW'S KNCYCLOPBDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
503
HOWE, EDGAR WATSON, journalist,
author, was born May 3, 1854, in Wabash
county, Ind. He is a journalist of Atchi-
son, Kan., editor of Tha Daily Globe. His
first novel, The Story of a Country Town,
attracted much attention. Later stories
include, The Mystery of The Locks; A
Moonlight Boy; and A Man Story.
HOWE, EDWARD, musician, composer,
was born in March, 1820, in Portland,
Maine. He has been a teacher of music
in the seminary and in the city of New
York from the first, and a church organ
ist. He has been the organist in the
Church of the Messiah the last twenty-
three years. He has published pieces of
music, contributed anthems and tunes
for church service to The Church and
Home, and other similar publications.
HOWE, ELIAS, inventor, was born July
9, 1819, in Spencer, Mass. He was the in
ventor of the sewing machine, for which
he obtained a patent in 1846. His in
vention enabled him to amass a fortune.
He died Oct. 3, 1867, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HOWE, EPHRAIM D., soldier, lawyer,
was born April 4, 1842, in Marlborough,
Mass. He served one year in the union
army as a private in company R, fifth reg
iment Massachusetts volunteer infantry,
and was in the battles of Kingston, Whit-
hall, Goldsborough and Gum Swamp.
After the war he entered Tufts college
and graduated in 1867. He has attained
success as an able lawyer of Gardner,
Mass. He has been justice of the peace,
a prominent member of the Grand Army
of the Republic, and has filled various
public positions of trust in his county and
state.
HOWE, FISHER, philanthropist, au
thor, was born in 1798 in Rochester, Vt.
He was a philanthropist of Brooklyn, and
the author of Oriental and Sacred Scenes;
and The True Site of Calvary. He died
Oct. 7, 1871, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HOWE, FREDERIC CLEMSON, author,
was born in 1867 in Pennsylvania. He is
the author of Taxation and Taxes in the
United States under the Internal Revenue
System in 1791-1895.
HOWE, GEORGE, educator, clergyman,
author, was born in 1802 in Massachu
setts. He was a presbyterian clergyman,
professor of biblical literature in the the
ological seminary at Columbia, S. C., in
1831. He is the author of Theological Ed
ucation; and History of the Presbyterian
Church in South Carolina. He died in
1883.
HOWE, HENRY, compiler, author, was
born Oct. 11, 1816, in New Haven, Conn.
He is an historical writer and compiler of
Cincinnati, and the author of Historical
Collections of New Jersey (with J. W.
Barber); Our Whole Country; The Great
West; Historical Collections of Virginia
and Ohio; Over the World; Adventures
and Achievements of Americans; and
Times of the Rebellion in the West.
HOWE, HENRY MARION, metallurgist,
author, was born March 2, 1848, in Bos
ton, Mass. He is a metallurgist who has
published The Metallurgy of Steel; and
Copper Smelting.
HOWE, HERBERT ALONZO, educator,
astronomer, author, was born Nov. 22,
1858, in Brockport, N. Y. Since 1881 he
has been professor of mathematics and
astronomy in the university of Denver.
He is also director of the Chamberlin ob
servatory, and the author of A Study of
the Sky; and Elements of Descriptive As
tronomy.
HOWE, JAMES H., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Maine. In 1873 he was appointed
United States judge for the western dis
trict of Wisconsin, residing in Kenosha.
HOWE, JAMES R., merchant, legis
lator, congressman, was born Jan. 27,
1839, in New York city. His ancestors
were among the early
settlers of New Eng-
1 a n d. From his
youth up he has been
engaged in the dry-
goods business; is
^^ trustee in a number
of public institutions
in the city, and is
rfr^ vice-president of the
:. __loS8i Amphion Musical
':' I society and a mem
ber of the Union
League club. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a republican. He has taken
a prominent part in the deliberations of
congress. He introduced an amendment
to the constitution of the United States,
making it possible for a uniform marriage
and divorce law; and also advocated a
national bankrupt law, and the creation
of a labor commission bill. He has also
spoken on the Armenian outrages, Cuba,
the emergency bond bill, and pensions.
HOWE, JOHN BADLAM, author, was
born March 3, 1813, in Boston, Mass. He
was the author of Monetary and Indus
trial Fallacies; Mono-Metallism and Bi-
Metallism; The Political Economy of Great
Britain, the United States, and France in
the Use of Money; The Common Sense
of Money; and Replies to Criticisms. He
died Jan. 22, 1882, in Lima, Ind.
HOWE, JOHN W., congressman, was
born in New Hampshire. Having settled
in Pennsylvania, he was elected a rep
resentative in congress from 1849 to 1853.
HOWE, MRS. JULIA WARD, philan
thropist, author, poet, was born May 27,
1819, in New York city. She is a writer of
Boston, long prominent in philanthropic
movements, and as a lecturer upon the
enfranchisement of women. The Battle
Hymn of the Republic is her finest effort.
Her writings include, Passion Flowers;
Words for the Hour; The World's Own; A
Trip to Cuba; From the Oak to the Olive;
Later Lyrics; Sex and Education; Memoir
of S. G. Howe; Modern Society; Life
of Margaret Fuller; Is Polite Society Po
lite? and Other Essays.
HOWE, MARK ANTONY DE WOLFE,
bishop, author, was born April 5, 1809, in
Bristol, R. I. He was the first protestant
episcopal bishop of central Pennsylvania,
and the author of Domestic Slavery, a Re
ply to Bishop Hopkins; and Life of Alon-
zo Potter. He died in 1895.
HOWE, MARY E., poet, was born June
26, 1831, in Painesville, Ohio. In 1849 she
received a prize for a composition of prose
and poetry at the Painesville academy;
has ever since contributed extensively to
the periodical press, and her poems have
received recognition in several standard
works.
HOWE, ROBERT, soldier, was born in
1732, in Brunswick county, N. C. He
served with distinction through the revo
lutionary war, and was promoted briga
dier-general. He died Nov. 12, 1785, in
Brunswick county, N. C.
HOWE, SAMUEL GRIDLEY, educator,
physician, author, was born Nov. 10, 1801,
in Boston, Mass. He was a physician of
Boston, the first superintendent of the
Perkins Institution for the Blind, and a
man of prominence in the anti-slavery
movement. He was the author of Reader
for the Blind; and Historical Sketch of
the Greek Revolution. He died Jan. 9,
1876, in Boston, Mass.
HOWE, THOMAS M., banker, congress
man, was born in Vermont. He settled
in Pennsylvania; was elected a represent
ative in congress from 1851 to 1855, and
was for many years cashier, and then
president, of the Exchange bank of Pitts-
burg, Pa.
HOWE, THOMAS Y., JR., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1851 to 1853.
HOWE, TIMOTHY OTIS, postmaster-
general, state senator, was born Feb. 17,
1816, in Livermore, Maine. In 1845 he
was elected a member of the Maine legis
lature; in 1850 was elected circuit judge;
in 1861 was elected a senator in congress
from Wisconsin; and in 1881 was ap
pointed postmaster-general. He died
March 25, 1883, in Wisconsin.
HOWE, VOLNEY E., lawyer, journal
ist, congressman, was born about 1808, in
Norridgewock, Maine. He moved to Mis
sissippi; and there distinguished himself
as a journalist. He subsequently emi
grated to Texas and was elected a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1849 to 1853. He died May 14, 1889, in
Santa Monica, Cal.
HOWE, WILLIAM BELL WHITE, bish
op, was born March 21, 1823, in Claremont,
N. H. He was consecrated assistant bish
op of South Carolina in 1871, becoming
the sixth bishop of the diocese in Decem
ber of the same year.
HOWE, WILLIAM WIRT, soldier, law
yer, jurist, author, was born in 1833, in
Canandaigua, N. Y. In 1861 he entered
the union army and attained the rank of
major. In 1865 he began the practice of
law In New Orleans; was appointed a
judge of the chief criminal court of that
city in 1867; and was promoted to the su
preme court of Louisiana in 1868. Among
his printed works are A Municipal His
tory of New Orleans; and studies in the
civil law.
HOWELL, ANDREW, lawyer, state sen
ator, author, was born Dec. 18, 1827, in
Covert, N. Y. In 1858 he was elected cir
cuit court commissioner of Lenawee coun
ty, Mich., and served three terms. He
was elected a member of the state senate
in 1865 and in 1867; and was circuit judge
during 1882-87. He is the author of How-
ell's Annotated Statutes of Michigan, and
other law works.
HOWELL, BENJAMIN F., soldier, ban
ker, congressman, was born January, 1844,
in Cumberland county, N. J. He was
elected surrogate of Middlesex county, N.
J., and was re-elected in 1887 for a second
term. He is president of the People's Na
tional bank of New Brunswick. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a republican.
HOWELL, CLARK, journalist, state
legislator, was born Sept. 21, 1863, in
Barnwell district, S. C. He is the man
aging editor of the Atlanta Constitution,
having succeeded Henry W. Grady to that
position in 1897. In 1886 he was elected to
the Georgia legislature; was re-elected in
1888 and in 1890.
HOWELL, DAVID, educator, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Jan. 1, 1747, in
New Jersey. He was appointed profes
sor of natural philosophy and mathemat
ics in 1796; and from 1790 to 1824 was
professor of law in Brown university. He
was for some time attorney-general of
Rhode Island, and judge of the supreme
court. He was a delegate to the continen
tal congress from 1782 to 1785. He was
subsequently district attorney; and from
1812 to his death was district judge for
Rhode Island. He died July 29, 1826, in
Providence, R. I.
504
HERRINQBHAW8 KNOYCLOPKIMA OF AMKRICAN BIOORAl'H V.
HOWELL. EDWARD, congressman. HP
was a member of the New York assem
bly in 1832: and was a representative in
congress from that state from 1833 to 1835.
HOWELL. ELIAS. congressman, was
born in. New Jersey. Having taken
up his residence in Ohio, he was elected
a representative in congress from that
state from 1835 to 1837.
HOWELL. EUGENE, legislator, was
born in I860 in San Francisco, Cal. He
served with distinction as a member of
the ele\enth session of the Nevada state
legislature; is the state librarian; and
in 1896 became secretary of state of Ne
vada. He has been superintendent of the
Bristol Mining company of Nevada; and
general superintendent of other Nevada
mining companies.
HOWEU.,. GEORGE ROGERS, clergy
man, lecturer, author, was born June 15.
1833, in Southampton, N. Y. He published
several papers in the Transactions of the
Albany Institute, including Linguistic Dis
cussions; The Open Polar Sea; and Her
aldry in America.
HOWEU., JAMES 1!.. lawyer, journal
ist. United States senator, was born July
4, 1816, near Morristown. N. J. Remov
ing to Kcokuk in 1849, he started the
Daily Whig, afterwards the Daily Gate
City. He took a prominent part in or
ganizing the republican party in Iowa in
1855 and 1856; and was a delegate to the
Fremont convention in 1856. He was
elected to the United States senate to
fill a \acancy. He died June 17, 1880, in
Keoktik. Iowa.
HOWELL, JASON W., educator, lawyer.
was born Aug. 29, 1849, near Blountsville,
Ind. For thirteen years in succession he
was engaged in educational work. In
1879 he was admitted to the bar; and was
elected city attorney of Paris, 111., four
times in succession during 1887-95.
HOWELL, JEREMIAH BROWN. Unit
ed States senator, was born in 1772 in
Providence, R. I. He was a senator in
vongress from Rhode Island from 1811
to 1817. He died in November. 1822, in
Providence, R. I.
HOWELL, JOHN ADAMS, naval officer,
inventor, was born March 16, 1840, in
New York. He became a lieutenant in
1861; lieutenant-commander in 1865; and
commander in 1872. He is the inventor
of a torpedo which naval officers regard
as probably superior to any other in use.
HOWELL, MARY SEYMOUR, reform
er, lecturer, author, was born Aug. 29,
1850, in Mount Morris, N. Y. She re-
ceived a classical ed
ucation, and has de-
voted much time to
""' educational in
terests of New York.
At one time she was
conductor of teach
ers' institutes, and
for se\eral years an
examiner of the
higher branches un
der the regents of
the university. She
has delivered many
historical and literary lectures, and has
done much work for the cause of temper
ance. She has repeatedly pleaded the
cause of woman before the committees of
state legislatures, and of congress; and
is the only woman ever asked to speak
before the house of representatives of
Connecticut. She is the president of the
National American Woman's Suffrage as
sociation; National Lecturer for the Wo
man's Christian Temperance union; and
has filled various positions in the cause
of temperance and reform.
HOWELL, NATHANIEL, congressman,
was born in 1770. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from
1813 to 1815. He died Oct. 16, 1851, in
Canandaigua, N. Y.
HOWELL. REDNAP, educator, author,
poet. He composed many patriotic songs.
He was the author of a pamphlet entitled
A Fan for Fanning, and a Touch for
Try on.
HOWELL, RICHARD, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, governor, was born in 1753 in New
ark. Del. In 1775 he was appointed cap
tain of the second New Jersey regiment.
He distinguished himself at Quebec; was
promoted to major in 1776. and command
ed his regiment until 1779. He was gov
ernor from 1794 to 1801. He died April 28
1802. in Trenton, N J.
HOWELL. ROBERT BOYTE CUAW
FORD, clergyman, author, was born
March 10, 1801. in Wayne county, N. C.
He was a once noted baptist clergyman
of Nashville; and the author of Terms of
Sacramental Communion; The Way of
Salvation; Evils of Infant Baptism: The
Cross; The Covenant; and Early Bap
tists of Virginia. He died April 5. 1868, in
Nashville. Trim.
HOWELL. WILLIAM F.. lawyer, jurist.
was born in Michigan. He removed to
New York, from which state he was ap
pointed an associate justice of the United
.States court for the territory of Arizona.
HOWELLS. WILLIAM COOPER, au-
ibor. was born in 1807, in Wales. He was
the author of Life in Ohio from 1813 to
1840. He died in 1894.
HOWELLS. WILLIAM DEAN. was
born .March 1, 1837. in Martin's Ferry.
Ohio. In I860 he published with J. J.
Piatt, Poems of Two Friends. In the same
year he wrote a Life of Abraham Lincoln,
and from 1861-65 was consul at Venice.
Venetian Life, and Italian Journeys, date
from this portion of his career. From
1872-81 he was editor of The Atlantic
Monthly, and since then has devoted his
time wholly to literature in Boston and
New York. His writings since 1869 in
clude: The Day of Their Wedding; At
the Sign of the Lion's Head: No Love
Lost; Suburban Sketches; Their Wedding
Journey; A Chance Acquaintance: A
Foregone Conclusion; The Lady of the
Aroostook; The Undiscovered Country; A
Modern Instance; A Woman's Reason;
The Minister's Charge; Indian Summer;
A Fearful Responsibility, and Other Stor
ies; Doctor Breen's Practice; The Rise of
Silas Lapham; April Hopes; Annie Kil-
burn; A Hazard of New Fortunes; The
Shadow of a Dream; An Imperative Duty:
The Quality of Mercy; The World of
Chance; The Coast of Bohemia; A Trav
eler from Altruria; Christmas Every Day,
and Other Stories for Children; A Parting
and a Meeting; The Sleeping-Car and
Other Farces; The Mouse-Trap,' and
Other Farces; Out of the Question, a com
edy; A Counterfeit Presentment, a com
edy; A Sea Change, or Lo\e's Stowaway;
Poems; Stops from Various Quills, a
book of \erse. Among miscellaneous writ
ings of his are, Three Villages (Shirley,
Lexington, Gnadenhiitten) ; Modern Ital
ian Poets; A Boy's Town; Tuscan Cities;
My Year in a Log Cabin; Criticism and
Fiction; and My Literary Passions.
HOWEY, BENJAMIN F., soldier, mer
chant, manufacturer, congressman, was
born March 17, 1828, in Pleasant Mead
ows, N. J. He was a captain in the union
army in 1862 and 1863; and was elected
sheriff in 1878. He was elected a repre
sentative from New Jersey to the forty-
eighth congress as a republican.
HOWISON, GEORGE HOLMES, math
ematician, author, was born in 1834 in
Maryland. He is a mathematician who
has published a Treatise on Analytic Geo
metry.
HOWISON, ROBERT REID, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1820 in Virginia. He is
a lawyer of Richmond; and the author of
History of Virginia; History of the Amer
ican Civil War; Fredericksburg; Lives of
Generals Morgan, Marion, Gates; and God
and Creation.
HOWK. GEORGE VAIL, jurist, state
senator, was born Sept. 21, 1824, in Char-
lestown, Ind. In 1857 he was judge of
the court of common pleas of Floyd coun
ty; in 1863 he represented that county in
the house, and from 1866 to 1870 he rep
resented Floyd and Clarke counties in
the senate of Indiana. He was chosen one
of the supreme judges of Indiana at the
genrral state election in October, 1876.
HOWLAND, BENJAMIN, United States
senator, was born in 1756 in Tiverton, R.
I. He was a senator in congress from
that state from 1804 to 1809. He died May
9. 1821. in Tiverton. R. I.
HOWLAND. E. HARRIS, merchant,
lawyer, legislator, was born Feb. 8, 1846,
in Brookfleld, Mass. In 1872 he was elect
ed a member of the Massachusetts state
legislature; and since 1868 he has served
as a justice of the peace in Spencer, Mass.
HOWLAND. GEORGE, educator, au
thor, was born in 1824 in Massachusetts.
He is an educator of Illinois, president of
the state board of education in 1882; and
the author of Grammar of the English
Language; Little Voices, a book of verse;
an hexameter translation of the JEneld;
and Practical Hints for the Teachers of
Public Schools.
HOWLAND, JOHN, author, was born
Oct. 31, 1757, in Newport, R. I. He was
for twenty-one years president of the
Rhode Island Historical society, and was
skilled in the history and antiquities of
Plymouth colony. He was the author of
addresses, orations and historical papers.
He died Nov. 5, 1854, in Providence, R. I.
HOWLEY, RICHARD, congressman,
was born about 1740 in Liberty county,
Ga. He was a delegate from Georgia to
the continental congress from 1780 to
1781. He died about 1790.
HOWRY, CHARLES B., lawyer, state
senator, was born May 14, 1845, in Ox
ford, Miss. He served In the civil war.
and attained the rank of captain; from
1880-82 was elected to the state legisla
ture; and during Cleveland's administra
tion he was elected United States district
attorney from the northern district of
Mississippi.
HOWS, JOHN AUGUSTUS, journalist.
artist, was born in 1831 in New York
city. He devoted much attention to wood-
engraving, furnishing successful illustra
tions for Appleton's Journal; The Aldine;
Bryant's Forest Hymn, the first attempt
to illustrate an American ^lume with
woodcuts: Forest Pictures in the Adiron-
dacks, with original verses by Alfred B.
Street; and other books. He died Sept L'7,
1874, in New York city.
HOWS, JOHN WILLIAM STANHOPE,
educator, journalist, author, was born in
1797 in England. He was a journalist and
educator of New York city who published
The Practical Elocutionist, and edited a
number of school books. He died July 27
1871, in New York city.
HOXIE, MRS. MAUD ANNA MAUDE,
poet. She has attained success as a noted
lecturer; and is the author of a number
of poems.
HKRH1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
505
HOXIE. MRS. V1NNIE REAM, sculp
tor, was born Sept. 23, 1846, in Madison,
Wis. She has executed statues of Spur-
geon, Lincoln, Farragut, and had several
works on exhibition at the World's Co
lumbian exposition.
HOYNE, THOMAS, lawyer, was born
Feb. 11, 1817, in New York city. He was
appointed United States district attorney
for Illinois in 1853, and in 1859 was made
United States marshal for the northern
district of Illinois. After the great fire
of 1871 he presided at a meeting to or
ganize the free public library of Chicago,
and was president of its first board of
directors. In 1877 he prepared a history
of the library up to that date. He died
July 27, 1883, near Carleton Station, N. Y.
HOYT. ALBERT HARRISON, soldier,
lawyer, journalist, author, was born Dec.
6, 1826. in Sandwich, N. H. He was a
paymaster in the army in 1862-66, with
the rank of major, and was brevetted
lieutenant-colonel in 1865. Since 1866 he
has resided principally in Boston, where
he has been engaged in business and lit
erary pursuits. He edited the New Eng
land Historical and Genealogical Register
from 1868 till 1876, and the fourth volume
of the Memorial Biographies. He has
also published numerous papers on his
torical genealogical subjects.
HOYT. BENJAMIN THOMAS, educa
tor, journalist, was born Oct. 18, 1820, in
Boston, Mass. In 1858 he was professor
of Latin in Indiana Asbury university till
1863; and then of literature and history
in the same college till his death. He
died May 24, 1867. in Greencastle, Ind.
HOYT. ELIZABETH ORPHA. educator,
author, was born Dec. 7, 1834, in Athens.
Ga. From 1851 till 1853 she taught higher
mathematics and metaphysics in Worth-
ington Female seminary. She has pub
lished a volume entitled The Nature of
Consciousness.
HOYT, MRS. KLLEN, poet. She is a
•writer of Gallon, Ohio, her poems ap
pearing in the local press generally.
HOYT, EPAPHRAS, soldier, author,
•was born Dec. 31, 1765, in Deerfield, Mass.
He was a major-general of the Massachu
setts militia, who lived in Deerfield; and
the author of Treatise on the Military
Art; Military Instructions; Cavalry Dis
cipline; and Antiquarian Researches. He
died Feb. 8, 1850, in Deerfield, Mass.
HOYT, FRANCIS SOUTHACK, educa
tor, clergyman, journalist, author, was
born Nov. 5, 1822, in Lyndon, Vt. From
1854 till I860 he was president of Willa
mette university of Salem, Ore.; and
from 1865 till 1872 was professor of bibli-
<-al theology and literature in Ohio Wes-
leyan university. In 1872-81 he edited the
Western Christian Advocate. He was a
delegate to the general conferences of the
methodist episcopal church in 1860, 1876,
1880, and 1884, and since 1884 has held the
office of presiding elder. He has edited a
revised edition of Angus's Bible Hand-
Book.
HOYT, HENRY MARTYN, lawyer, gov
ernor, author, was born June 8, 1830, in
Kingston. Pa. He was a Pennsylvania
lawyer; governor of his state in 1878-83;
and the author of Controversy between
Connecticut and Pennsylvania; and Pro
tection versus Free Trade. He died in
1892.
HOYT, JOHN P., soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, go\ ernor, was born
Oct. 6, 1841, in Austinburg, Ohio. He
served in the union army during the
greater part of the civil war. He was a
representative in the Michigan legisla
ture in 1873 and 1875; and was speaker
the latter term. In 1876 he was appointed
secretary of Arizona territory, and in 1877
became governor of that territory. In 1878
he was tendered the appointment of gov
ernor of Idaho territory, but declined it;
and in 1879 was appointed an associate jus
tice of the supreme court of Washington
territory, and was reappointed in 1883.
At the first election under the state con
stitution he was elected judge of the su
preme court, and is now serving as chief
justice.
HOYT, JOHN WESLEY, educator, au
thor, was born Oct. 13, 1831, near Worth-
ington, Ohio. He was a member of the
board of railroad commissioners of the
state of Wisconsin; and in 1878 was ap
pointed governor of the territory of Wyo-
milig for the term of four years. He was
the author of Resources and Progress of
Wisconsin; and Resources and Progress
of Wyoming. He died in 1892.
HOYT, JOSEPH GIBSON, educator, au
thor, was born Jan. 19, 1815, In Dunbar-
ton, N. H. He was instructor of mathe
matics and natural philosophy in Phillips
Exeter academy in 1840-58; and chancel
lor and professor of Greek of Washington
university in St. Louis in 1859-62. He
wrote revised edition of Cotton's Greek
Reader; and Miscellaneous Writings, Ad
dresses, Lectures and Reviews. He died
Nov. 26, 1862, in St. Louis, Mo.
HOYT, MARK, merchant, was born
May 5, 1835, in Stamford, Conn. In 1868
Mr. Hoyt engaged in the brokerage busi-
ness under the name
of Mark Hoyt and
Company, but re
linquished this in
1870 to return to the
firm of Hoyt Broth
ers, of which he is
now the head. He
was the leading spir
it in the organiza
tion of the United
States Leather com
pany, which is a con
solidation of the
chief tanning interests of the country for
a continuation of the business. It is be
lieved that in actual value of its proper
ties, this company is superior to any
other in the United States. He became its
first vice-president upon incorporation in
May, 1893.
HOYT, RALPH, clergyman, author, was
born April 18, 1806, in New York city. He
was an episcopal clergyman of New York
city; and the author of The Chant of Life,
and Other Poems; Echoes of Memory and
Emotion; and Sketches of Life and Land
scape. He died Oct. 11, 1878, in New York
city.
HOYT, THOMAS ROWELL, civil en
gineer, manufacturer, poet, was born Oct.
21, 1811, in Goffstown, N. H. He is a
noted civil engineer and a manufacturer of
mathematical instruments in his native
city. He has published a volume of po
ems ^entitled Hoyt's Harp.
HOYT, WAYLAND, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 18, 1838, in Cleveland,
Ohio. He has filled pastorates in Cin
cinnati, Brooklyn, Minneapolis and Phila
delphia, and is the author of Hints and
Helps for the Christian Life; Present
Lessons from Distant Days; Gleams from
Paul's Prison; The Brook in the Way;
Saturday Afternoon; and Light on Life's
Highway.
HUBARD, EDMUND W., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1-841 to 1847.
HUBBARD, ASAHEL WHEELER, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, congressman,
was born Jan. 18, 1819, in Haddam, Conn.
In 1847 he was elected to the Indiana leg
islature, and served three years. In 1857 he
removed to Iowa, and was chosen judge of
the fourth judicial district of that state.
In 1862 he was elected a representative
from Iowa to the thirty-eighth congress,
and re-elected to the thirty-ninth and for
tieth congresses as a republican. He
died Sept. 22, 1879. in Sioux City, Iowa.
HUBBARD, AVORY DUVAL, lawyer,
journalist, author, was born Jan. 19, 1864,
in Allen county, Kas. He received his edu
cation in the common schools of his coun
ty; and attended a course at the acad
emy. He is the editor and owner of The
Western Patriot; the author of Between
Love and Duty; Stories of the Mexican
War; and other works.
HUBBARD, BELA, lawyer, geologist,
author, was born April 23, 1814, in Ham
ilton, N. Y. He was a prominent lawyer
and geologist of Detroit; and the author
of Memorials of a Half Century; and An
cient Garden Beds of Michigan. He died
in 1896.
HUBBARD, CHARLES S., legislator,
was born Sept. 1, 1829, in Milton, Ind. For
four years he was a representative in the
Indiana legislature from Henry county.
He has formed over fifteen thousand
Bands of Mercy with a total membership
of one million.
HUBBARD, CHESTER D., merchant,
banker, congressman, was born Nov. 25,
1814, in Hamden, Conn. In 1852-53 he was
a member of the Virginia legislature. He
sen ed one term in the senate of West
Virginia after its organization; and was
the commissioner from West Virginia to
the Soldiers' National cemetery. He was
elected a representative from that state to
the thirty-ninth congress and re-elected
to the fortieth congress as a republican.
HUBBARD, DAVID, congressman, was
born in 1806 in Virginia. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Alabama
from 1839 to 1841, and for a second term
from 1849 to 1851.
HUBBARD, DEMAS, JR., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Jan. 17,
1806, in Winfield, N. Y. He was for many
years supervisor of Chenango county, and
four years chairman of the board. From
1838 to 1840 he was a member of the state
legislature; and in 1864 was elected a
representative from New York to the
thirty-ninth congress. He died Sept. 2,
1873, in Smyrna, N. Y.
HUBBARD, ELBERT, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1856 in Illinois. He is a
litterateur of East Aurora, N. Y., and edi
tor of The Philistine. He is the author of
No Enemy but Himself; Little Journeys;
The Legacy, a novel; Forbes of Harvard;
and One Day, a Tale of the Prairies.
HUBBARD, FRANK W., banker, was
born April Ifi, 1863, in Port Huron, Mich.
He received his education in the West
Middle school, the
Hartford High
school, and Harri-
man's Business col
lege of Hartford,
Conn. He has at
tained success in the
financial world, and
has been president of
the following banks:
Frank W. Hubbard
and Company, of Bad
Axe; the Sandusky
bank of Sanilac Cen
ter; the Farmers' bank of Pigeon; Seve-
waing bank; the Pincoing bank of Ohio;
and a director in the Second National
bank of Sandusky.
506
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HUBBARD, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, governor, United States
senator, was born May 3, 1784, in Charles-
town, N. H. He was
frequently a member
of the state legisla
ture, and for some
years speaker of the
house; and was
judge of probate for
Sullivan county
from 1827 to 1829. He
was a representative
in congress from 1829
to 1835, and a sena
tor in congress from
1835 to 1841; was
governor of New Hampshire In 1842 and
1843; and from 1846 to 1849 was United
States assistant treasurer in Boston. For
a part of the time during the twenty-
eighth congress he acted as speaker of
the house of representatives. He died
June 5, 1857, in Charlestown, N. H.
HUBBARD, J. LORENZO, merchant,
was born Nov. 20, 1853. in New Mexico.
In 1885-86 he was sheriff of Apache coun
ty, Arizona territory; in 3893 was a
member of the territorial council; and in
1896 was alternate to the national repub
lican convention. He is a successful mer
chant and Indian trader of Ganado, Ari
zona territory.
HUBBARD, JOEL D., physician, con
gressman, was born Nov. 6, 1860, near
Marshall, Mo. He was elected county
clerk in that year and re-elected in 1890;
was elected to the fifty-fourth congress
as a republican from Missouri.
HUBBARD, JOHN, educator, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Aug. 8, 1759, in
Townsend, Mass. From 1804 until his
death he was professor of mathematics
and natural philosophy at Dartmouth. He
published an Oration, delivered July 4,
1799; The Rudiments of Geography; The
American Reader; and an Essay on Mu
sic. He died in 1810, in Hanover, N. H.
HUBBARD, JOHN, educator, state sen
ator, governor, was born March 22, 1794,
in Readville, Maine. He removed to Hal-
lowell in 1830; was state senator in 1842
and 1843; and governor of Maine from
1850 to 1853. He died Feb. 6, 1869, in Hal-
lowell. Maine.
HUBBARD, JOHN H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1805, in Salisbury,
Conn. For five years he was attorney for
the county of Litchfleld; and was twice
elected to the state senate. In 1863 he
was elected a representative from Con
necticut to the thirty-eighth congress;
and was re-elected to the thirty-ninth
congress.
HUBBARD, JONATHAN H., lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born in 1768, in
Windsor, Vt. He was a representative in
congress from 1809 to 1811; and for many
years was one of the judges of the su
preme court of Vermont. He died Sept.
20, 1849, in Windsor, Vt.
HUBBARD, JOSEPH STILLMAN, as
tronomer, was born Sept. 7, 1823, in New
Haven, Conn. In November, 1848, he pre
sented to the Smithsonian institution tin-
zodiacs of Vesta. Asliva. lleli.'. Klora, and
Metis. He died Aug. 16, 1863, in New Ha
ven, Conn.
HUHHAHD. LKVKKETT MAUSDKN.
lawyer, jurist, was born April 23, 1849, in
Durham, Conn. He was a judge of the
borough court of Wallingford, Conn.; and
secretary of state for Connecticut in 1887-
88. He is prominent in financial affairs;
and president of the Dime Savings bank
of his city.
unteer infantry.
HUBBARD, LEVI, state senator, public
official, congressman. He was a member
of the Massachusetts legislature in 1804
and 1805; a state senator in 1806, 1807,
1811, and 1816; and was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts from 1813
to 1815. For some years he was county
treasurer; a state counselor in 1829; and
a presidential elector in 1820 and 1828.
HUBBARD, LUCIUS FREDERICK, sol
dier, railroad president, governor, was
born Jan. 26, 1836, in Troy, N. Y. In his
youth he learned the
tinner's trade. In
1854 he moved to
Chicago, and there
worked at that trade
for three years. In
1857 he moved to
Red Wing, Minn.,
and founded the Red
Wing Republican. He
served with distinc
tion during the civil
war in company A,
fifth Minnesota vol-
,. He was rapidly pro
moted and became brigadier-general. In
1866 General Hubbard entered the grain
and flouring business; and ten years
later commenced railroad building, and
became president of several railroads. He
became the governor of the great com
monwealth of Minnesota, and filled that
high office to the satisfaction of the people
of that state.
HUBBARD. LUCIUS LEE, geologist,
author, was born in 1849, in Ohio. He has
been state geologist of Michigan since
1893; and is the author of Summer Va
cations at Moosehead Lake; and Woods
and Lakes of Maine.
HUBBARD, OLIVER PAYSON, chem
ist, was. born in 1809, in Pomfret, Conn.
In 1836 he was appointed professor of
chemistry and pharmacy, mineralogy and
geology, at Dartmouth, which chair he
held until 1866. In 1883 he was made
president.
HUBBARD. PERRY L., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 15, 1841, in Bridge-
water, Vt. During the civil war he en
tered the army as a lieutenant, and the
closing two years of the war he was col
onel of the eighteenth Kansas state mili
tia. For fourteen years he was district
judge and district attorney in Kansas,
and now practices law in Denver, Col.
HUBBARD, RICHARD BENNET, sol
dier, lawyer, governor, United States sen
ator, was born Nov. 1, 1832, in Walton
county, Ga. He was a delegate to the
democratic national convention of 1856;
was United States district attorney from
1856 to 1858; and was a representative in
the Texas state legislature in 1858. He
was a colonel in the confederate army.
In 1874 he was elected lieutenant-govern
or of Texas, and was ex-officio president
of the state senate. In 1876, by the election
of Go\ernor Coke to the United States
senate, he became governor of the* state,
serving as such until 1879.
HUBBARD, RICHARD DUDLEY, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, govern
or, was born Sept. 7, 1818, in Berlin, Conn.
He was a representative in the state legis
lature in 1842, 1843, 1855, and 1858; and
was state's attorney for Hartford county
from 1864 to 1868. He was elected a rep
resentative from Connecticut to the for
tieth congress, and declined a renomina-
tion; and in 1876 was elected governor
of Connecticut, and served two years. He
died Feb. 28, 18X4. in Hartford, Conn.
HUBBARD, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,,
was born June 2, 1785, in Boston, Mass.
From 1842 until his death he was a judgt
of the supreme court of Massachusetts.
He died Dec. 24, 1847, in Boston, Mass.
HUBBARD, SAMUEL DICKINSON,
manufacturer, congressman, was born
Aug. 10, 1799, in Middletown, Conn. He
served as a representative through the
twenty-ninth and thirtieth congresses. In
1852 he was appointed postmaster-general.
and held the office until the close of Pres
ident Fillmore's administration. He died
Oct. 8, 1855, in Middletown, Conn.
HUBBARD, THEODORE S., nursery
man, was born 1843, in Cameron, N. Y.
He is an expert, and for many years the
leading authority in the United States on
grapes, and is well-known throughout the
United States as the president of the T. S.
Hubbard company, grape-vine propagators
of Fredonia, N. Y.
HUBBARD, THOMAS, educator, physi
cian, state legislator, state senator, was
born in 1776, in Smithfield, R. I. He was
several times in the Connecticut legisla
ture, and once in the state senate. In
1829 he removed to New Haven, and oc
cupied the chair of surgery at Yale until
his death. He died June 16, 1838, in New
Ha\en, Conn.
HUBBARD, THOMAS H., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1780, in New
Haven, Conn. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1817 to-
1819, and from 1821 to 1823. He was pres
idential elector in 1812, 1844. and 1852. He
died May 22, 1857, in Utica, N. Y.
HUBBARD, THOMAS HAMLIN, sol
dier lawyer, railroad president, was born
Dec.' 20, 1838, in Hallowell, Maine. He
received his educa
tion in the Hallo-
well academy, Bow-
doin college, and the
Albany Law school.
He served with dis-
•^.if'JI Unction in the union
army during the civ
il war; was adjutant
of the twenty-fifth
regiment of t li t
Maine volunteer in
fantry; was pro
moted to lieutenant-
colonel of the thirtieth regiment Maine
volunteer infantry; and to colonel of the
same regiment; and subsequently was
made brevet brigadier-general United
States volunteers. In 1865 he began the
practice of law in New York city, and
has attained prominence as one of tin
leading lawyers of the state. He is th<
president of the Oregon and California
Railroad company; president of the Cal
ifornia Pacific Railroad company; presi
dent of the Houston and Texas Central
Railroad company; president of the Aus
tin and Northwestern Railroad company:
president of the Fort Worth and New
Orleans Railroad company; and of the
Central Texas and Northwestern Railroad
company.
HUBBARD, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1621, in England. He
was a colonial historian who was a con
gregational clergyman of Ipswich, and a
member of the first graduating class at
Harvard college in 1642. He was the au
thor of Narrative of Troubles with the
Indians; Sermons; and Present State of
New England. He also wrote a History
of New England, for which the colony
paid him £50, and which was printed by
the Massachusetts Historical society in
1815. He died Sept. 14, 1704, in Ipswich,
Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
507
HUBBELL, EDWIN N., congressman,
was born Aug. 13, 1815, in Coxsackie, N.
Y. In 1864 he was elected a represen
tative from New York to the thirty-ninth
congress.
HUBBELL, FREDERICK M., railroad
president, was born Jan. 17, 1839, in Hun-
tington, Conn. He is president of the
Des Moines Union railway; and also of
the Des Moines Northern and Western
railway.
HUBBELL, JAMES R., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1824, in Delaware
county, Ohio. He served four times in
the state legislature, twice as speaker of
the house; and was a presidential elect
or in 1856. In 1864 he was elected a rep
resentative from Ohio to the thirty-ninth
congress.
HUBBELL, JAY A., lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 15, 1829, in Avon,
Mich. He was elected district attorney of
the upper peninsula in 1857 and 1859.
He removed to Houghton, Mich., in 1860;
and was elected prosecuting attorney in
1861, 1863, and 1865. He was elected to
the forty-third congress, and re-elected to
the forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth,
and forty-seventh congresses as a repub
lican.
HUBBELL, LEVI, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, was born April 15, 1808, in Ball-
ston, N. Y. He was elected judge of the
second judicial circuit of Wisconsin, and
served as chief justice of the supreme
court for one year. He was elected to
the assembly in 1864 as a war democrat,
and held the office of United States dis
trict attorney from 1871 till 1875. He
died Dec. 8, 1876, in Milwaukee, Wis.
HUBBELL, MRS. MARTHA [STONE],
author, was born in 1814, in Oxford, Conn.
She was a writer of religious juveniles,
and of The Shady Side, or Life in a Coun
try Parsonage, which for a time enjoyed
an extraordinary popularity. She died in
1856, in North Stonington, Conn.
HUBBELL, SIDNEY A., lawyer, jurist,
was born in Connecticut. He moved to
New Mexico; and was appointed an as
sociate justice of the United States court
for that territory, residing at Santa Fe.
HUBBELL, WILLIAM S., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a mem
ber of the assembly of that state in 1841;
and was a representative in congress from
1843 to 1845.
HUBBS, ORLANDO, congressman, was
born Feb. 18, 1840, in New York. He
settled at New Berne, N. C.; and was
elected a representative from North Caro
lina to the forty-seventh congress as a
republican.
HUBINGER, JOHN CARL, inventor,
business man, was born March 18, 1852,
in New Orleans, La. He is the senior
member of the firm
of J.C. Hubinger and
Company, of Keo-
kuk, Iowa, inventors
of the celebrated
elastic, starch, which
is used in nearly
every household in
America. He is the
president and pro
prietor of the Keokuk
Electric Light and
Power system; and
manager and owner
of the Mississippi Valley Telephone com
pany, which is the largest telephone com
pany in the United States, excepting the
Bell Telephone company.
HUBLEY, ADAM, soldier, state senator,
author, was born Jan. 9, 1740, in Lan
caster county, Pa. He was commissioned
as major of the tenth Pennsylvania regi
ment in 1776; commanded the eleventh
regiment, with the rank of lieutenant-
colonel from 1779, and retired in 1781.
From 1783 till 1789 he was a member of
the assembly, and in 1790 a state senator.
His Journal of Events in 1779 was pub
lished in the Pennsylvania Archives. He
died in May, 1798, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HUBLEY, EDWARD B., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1835 to 1839. He died
Feb. 23, 1856, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HUBNER, CHARLES WILLIAM, sol
dier, journalist, author, poet, was born
Jan. 16, 1835, in Baltimore, Md. He is a
journalist of Atlanta; and the author of
Souvenirs of Luther; Poems and Essays;
Modern Communism; Wild Flowers, a
book of verse; and Cinderella, and Prince
and Fairy, two lyrical dramas.
HUDD, THOMAS R., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Oct. 2, 1835,
in Buffalo, N. Y. He was district attorney
of Outagamie county, Wis., in 1856-57;
and was city attorney of Green Bay in
1873-74. He was state senator from the
twenty-second district in 1862 and 1863;
and was a member of the state assembly
in 1868 and 1875. He was a state senator
in 1876, 1877, 1878, and 1879; and was
again a state senator in 1882 and 1883,
and was re-elected. He was elected a rep-
resentative from Wisconsin to the forty-
ninth congress as a democrat to fill a
vacancy; and was re-elected to the fif
tieth congress.
HUDDER, CLINTON L., journalist, was
born Oct. 23, 1866, in Tiffin, Ohio. He is
the editor and owner of The Times of
North Baltimore, Ohio.
HUDNUT, THEODORE, manufacturer,
inventor, was born July 15, 1820, in Wash
ington, Ky. His establishment is about
the largest of its
class in the United
States, with the very
best class of labor-
saving machinery, a
great part of which
is Mr. Hudnut's own
invention, on which
he holds patents.
About three thou
sand bushels of corn
are used in the mill
every twenty - four
hours, turning out
from four hundred and twenty-five to four
hundred and fifty barrels of goods, which
find a market in all parts of the United
States, from Maine to California, and from
the Canadas to the Gulf.
HUDON, HENRY, clergyman, college
president, was born Sept. 6, 1823, in Can
ada. In 1870 he was elected the sixth pres
ident of the college of St. Francis Xav-
ier, serving until 1890.
HUDSON, CHARLES, clergyman, state
senator, congressman, author, was born
Nov. 14, 1795, in Marlborough, Mass. He
was a member of the Massachusetts leg
islature from 1828 to 1833; a state senator
from 1833 to 1839; and state counselor
from 1839 to 1841. He was elected to
congress in 1841, where he remained until
1849; and was subsequently appointed
naval officer for Boston, Mass., by the fed
eral government, serving from 1849 to
1853. He was the author of Letters to
Reverend Hosea Ballon; History of West
minster; History of Lexington; Doubts
Concerning the Battle of Bunker Hill;
and History of Marlborough. He died
May 4, 1881, in Marlborough, Mass.
HUDSON, CHARLES I., capitalist, was
born Aug. 20, 1852, in New York. In
1891 he was elected governor of the ex
change on an inde
pendent ticket, re-
,-r ,<«• ceiving over two-
§| thirds of the entire
vote cast, a satisfac
tory evidence of his
popularity. He was
instrumental in in
troducing there the
so-called trust secur
ities, such as Ameri
can Cotton Oil, Na
tional Lead Co.,
American Sugar Re
fining Co., etc. He was one of the organ
izers of the Fourteenth Street bank in
1888, and recently resigned from its di
rectorate.
HUDSON, ERASMUS DARWIN, sur
geon, author, was born Dec. 15, 1805, in
Torringford, Conn. He was a surgeon of
New York city; and the author of Re
sections; Essay on Temperance; and Im
mobile Apparatus for Ununited Fractures.
He died Dec. 31, 1880, in Greenwich, Conn.
HUDSON, ERASMUS DARWIN, physi
cian, author, was born Nov. 10, 1843, in
Northampton, Mass. He was a physician
of New York city; and the author of Doc
tors' Hygiene and Therapeutics; Home
Treatment of Consumptives: Physical Di
agnosis of Thoracic Diseases; Methods
of Examining WeakChests; and Diagnosis
of the Relations of Weak Digestions. He
died May 9, 1887, in Northampton, Mass.
HUDSON, FREDERICK, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1819, in Quincy, Mass.
He was a journalist connected with The
New York Herald in various capacities
for nearly thirty years, who after 1866
lived at Concord, Mass. He was the au
thor of History of Journalism in the
United States. He died Oct. 21, 1875, in
Concord, Mass.
HUDSON, GEORGE HOWARD, educa
tor, lawyer, was born July 7, 1861, in
White county, Tenn. After receiving his
education he entered educational work,
and for many years taught school in his
native county. Since 1887 he has prac
ticed law with success at Sparta, Tenn.,
where he has taken a prominent part in
the public affairs of his county and state.
HUDSON, HENRY, English navigator.
He discovered Cape Cod; then pursued
his course to the Chesapeake, and re
turning along the coast entered the river
now bearing his name.
HUDSON, HENRY NORMAN, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 28, 1814, in
Cornwall, Vt. He served as chaplain in
the federal army during the civil war, and
in his later years was professor of Shake
speare study in Boston university. He
was the author of Lectures on Shake
speare; Sermons; Studies in Words
worth; A Chaplain's Campaign with Gen
eral Butler; Shakespeare: His Life and
Characters; and Essays on Education.
He edited the Harvard and the university
editions of Shakespeare. He died Jan. 16,
1886, in Cambridge, Mass.
HUDSON, JAMES FAIRCHILD, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1846, in Ohio.
He was a journalist of Pittsburg for many
years; and the author of The Railways
and the Republic.
HUDSON, JOSEPH KENNEDY, soldier,
journalist, state legislator, was born May
4, 1840, in Virginia. He served in the civil
war and attained the rank of major. He
is president of the Capital company, and
editor-in-chief of the paper. In 1871 he
was a member of the house of representa
tives from the thirty-seventh district.
r>ti8
HKRKINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HUDSON. MRS. MARY [CLEMMER]
[AMES], journalist, author, was born in
1839, in New York. She is a journalist
of Washington, well known at one period
by her Woman's Letters from Washing
ton in The Independent. She is the au
thor of Eirene; His Two Wives; Victoria
(three novels); Ten Years in Washing
ton; Men. Women, and Things; Poems
of Life and Nature; and Memorials of
Alice and Phoebe Gary.
HUDSON, ROBERT WEIR, lawyer, ju
rist, was born Dec. 31, 1856, in Mississippi.
In 1870 he moved to Texas; studied law;
and was county attorney In 1876-77. In
1890 he became a member of the demo
cratic state executive committee of Texas;
and in 1891-92 was district judge of the
thirty-sixth judicial district of Texas. He
has been the vice-grand dictator of the
grand lodge of Texas, Knights of Honor;
and is prominent in \arious fraternal or
ders.
HUDSON, SILAS A., diplomat, was a
citizen of Iowa. In 1869 he was appointed
minister resident to Guatemala, where he
remained until 1872.
HUDSON, THOMAS JEFFERSON, law
yer, legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 30, 1844, in Boone county, Ind. He
received his education at the common
schools and the Wabash college. He has
been three times mayor of Fredonia,
Kan.; three times district attorney; one
time a member of the Kansas state legis
lature; and served with distinction as a
member of the fifty-third congress. He
was twice a delegate to the democratic
national convention, in 1884 and in 1888;
and once a delegate to the national pop
ulist convention, in 1896. He is a bril
liant lawyer; and has contributed ex
tensively to law literature and the period
ical press.
HUDSON, THOMSON JAY, author, was
born in 1834, in Ohio. He is the author of
The Law of Psychic Phenomena: and A
Scientific Demonstration of the Future
Life.
HUDSON, WILLIAM HENRY, educator,
author, was born in 1863, in England.
He has been professor of English litera
ture at Leland Stanford Junior university
since 1892; and is the author of The
Church and the Stage; and Introduction
to Study of Herbert Spencer.
HUDSON. WILLIAM LEVERRETH,
na\al officer, was born May 11, 1794, in
New York. He entered the navy in 1816,
and became lieutenant in 1826; com
mander in 1842; and captain in 1855. He
died Oct. 15, 1862, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HUKBSCH, ADOLPH, scholar, rabbi,
author, was born Sept. 18, 1830, in Hun
gary. In 1866 he was called to New York
as rabbi of a synagogue, where he
preached until his death. He published
Gems from the Orient, a selection of Tal-
mudic and oriental proverbs, and a vol
ume of his sermons and addresses was
issued In 1885. He died Oct. 10, 1884, in
New York city.
HUEBSCHMANN, FRANCIS, physician,
was born April 19, 1817, in Weimar. He
came to the United States in 1842, and
settled in Milwaukee, where he resided
until his death. He was presidential
elector in 1848, a member of the city coun
cil and county supervisor from 1848 till
1867: and state senator in 1851-52, 1862,
and 1871-72. During the civil war he
entered the national service In 1862 as sur
geon of the twenty-sixth Wisconsin vol
unteers. He died March 21. 1880, in Mil
waukee, Wis.
HUFF, GEORGE FRANKLIN, banker,
congressman, was born July 16, 1842, in
Norristown, Pa. He is at present engaged
in the banking busi
ness at Greensburg.
Pa. He was elected
to the senate of
Pennsylvania i n
1884, and represented
the thirty-ninth sen
atorial district in
that body until the
close of the term
ending in 1888. He
was a member of the
fifty - second c o n -
gress; was nomi
nated by the state convention at Harris-
burg in 1894 as representative at large;
and elected to the fifty-fourth congress as
a republican.
HUFFMAN, SAMUEL, clergyman, leg
islator, was born April 15, 1806, in Rock-
bridge county, Va. He was twice elected
to the lower house of the Illinois legisla
ture in 1844 and in 1846. He served as
chaplain in the sixth Missouri volunteer
infantry during the civil war.
HUFTY. JACOB, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1809 to 1814.
HUGER, ALFRED, state senator, was
born Nov. 1. 1788. in Charleston, S. C. He
was a member of the South Carolina state
senate for ten years; and was postmaster
of his city. He died May 14. 1872, in
Charleston, S. C.
HUGER, BENJAMIN, congressman, was
born Dec. 30, 1746, in Limerick Planta
tion, S. C. He was a representative in
congress from South Carolina from 1799
to 1805. and for a second term from
1815 to 1817.
HUGER, BENJAMIN, soldier, was born
in 1806. in Charleston, S. C. In 1861 he
was made a brigadier-general in the con
federate army. He died Dec. 7. 1877, in
Charleston, S. C.
HUGER. DANIEL, congressman, was
born Feb. 20, 1741, in Limerick Planta
tion, S. C. He was a member of the con
tinental congress; and was a representa
tive in the congress of the United States
from South Carolina from 1789 to 1793.
He died July 1, 1799, in Charleston, S. C.
HUGER, DANIEL ELLIOT, lawyer, ju
rist. United States senator, was a citizen
of Charleston, S. C. He was a member of
the legislature, state senate, and judge of
her courts. He was a senator in congress
from South Carolina from 1843 to 1846.
He died Aug. 21, 1854, on Sullivan's Is
land, S. C.
HUGER, THOMAS BEE, naval officer,
was born July 12, 1820, in Charleston, S.
C. As lieutenant-commander in the con
federate navy, he fought his vessel, the
McCrae, a converted merchant steamer,
when the national fleet under Farragut
forced its way up to New Orleans, where
he fell mortally wounded April 24, 1862.
HUGHES, BALL, sculptor, was born
Jan. 19, 1806, in England. The life-size
monumental high-relief of Bishop Hobart
of New York, now in the vestry of Trinity
church. New York city, was made by him.
Among his later works are a model of
an equestrian statue of Washington, in
tended for the city of Philadelphia, a
Crucifixion, a statue in bronze of Na
thaniel Bowditch that Is now in Mount
Auburn cemetery, a statuette of General
Joseph Warren, a bust of Washington Ir
ving, and a Mary Magdalen. He died
March 5, J868. in Boston, Mass.
HUGHES, CHARLES, congressman,
was born in Georgia. He settled in New
York; and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1853 to
1855. In 1862 he was appointed provost-
marshal for the sixteenth district of New
York.
HUGHES. DANIEL, banker, was born
Dec. 6, 1847, near Liberty, Mo. He re
ceived his education in the country
schools, and at the
William Jewel col
lege of Liberty, Mo.
He has attained suc
cess in financial af
fairs, and is the
president' of the First
National bank of
Liberty. Mr. Hughes
has taken an active
part in the public af
fairs of his city,
county and state;
and is a prominent
member of various fraternal orders.
HUGHES, FELIX T., railroad president,
was born Nov. 10, 1838, in Centerville.
111. Since 1886 he has been president of
the Keokuk and Western railroad.
HUGHES, FRANCIS WADE, lawyer,
statesman, was born Aug. 20, 1817, in
Montgomery county, Pa. He was ap
pointed deputy attorney-general of Penn
sylvania in 1839. resigned the office there
several times, but was reappointed and
held it for eleven years. In 1843 he was
elected to the state senate as a democrat.
In 1851 he was appointed secretary of
state, and in 1853 attorney-general of the
state, which office he filled until 1855. He
died Oct. 25, 1885, in Pottsville, Pa.
HUGHES, GEORGE WARTZ, soldier,
civil engineer, congressman, was born in
1806, in New York. In 1830 he was ap
pointed a civil engineer in the general
government, in which position he re
mained until 1838, when he was trans
ferred to the corps of topographical engi
neers in the regular army. He resigned
in 1851, and was made president of the
Northern Central railroad. In 1859 he
was elected a representative from Mary
land to the thirty-sixth congress. He
served with distinction in the war >vith
Mexico, receiving two brevets. He died
Dec. 3, 1870, in West River, Md.
HUGHES, JAMES, soldier, lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born Nov. 24, 1823,
in Hampstead, Md. He was appointed
first lieutenant of the sixteenth regiment
of United States infantry, one of the ten
regiments in the Mexican war, and served
until the close of the war. In 1852 he was
elected circuit judge for six years; and
in 1853 was elected professor of law in the
university of Indiana, and served three
years. He was elected a representative
from Indiana in the thirty-fifth congress;
in 1861 was appointed a judge of the court
of claims; and in 1866 was appointed a
cotton agent for the treasury department.
He subsequently settled in Washington
city as an attorney at law, but was soon
afterward elected to the legislature of
Indiana.
HUGHES, JAMES F., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 17, 1839, in Wayne
county, Ohio. He served three years in
the civil war in the one hundred and
second Ohio volunteer infantry as a non
commissioned officer; and from 1885-91
was judge of the circuit court of Illinois.
HUGHES, JAMES M.. congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was a repre
sentative in congress "from Missouri from
1843 to 1845.
HF.RRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
500
HUGHES, JOHN, archbishop, author,
was born June 24, 1797, in Ireland. He
was a noted Roman catholic archbishop
of New York in 1850-64. His writings
were published in 1865. He founded St.
John's college, Fordham, N. Y., in 1839.
He died Jan. 3, 1864, in New York city.
HUGHES, MRS. NINA VERA B., au
thor, was born in Canada. She is a suc
cessful writer of Washington, D. C.; and
the author of Twelve Simple Lessons in
Metaphysics; Practical Home Thoughts;
Truth for Youth; Office, In and Out; Lec
ture-Room Talks; and Guide to Health.
HUGHES, ROBERT WILLIAM, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born June 6, 1821, in
Powhatan county, Va. In 1873 he was
the republican candidate for governor of
Virginia, but not elected. In 1874 he was
appointed United States district judge for
the eastern district of Virginia. He is the
author of Reports of Cases; The Currency
Question from a Southern Point of View;
Transcript of United States Supreme
Court Decisions; The American Dollar;
and Lives of Generals Floyd and John
ston.
HUGHES, SIMON P., soldier, lawyer,
statesman, was born in 1830, in Tennes
see. In 1861 he entered the confederate
army as a captain; and soon after became
a lieutenant-colonel. He was a represen
tative in the state legislature of Arkan
sas in 1866 and 1867; and in 1874 was
elected attorney-general of Arkansas, in
which office he served two years. In 1884
he was elected governor of Arkansas for
the term of two years, and in 1886 re-
elected.
HUGHES, THOMAS H., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1829 to 1833.
HUGHES WILLIAM, farmer, state leg
islator, was born Aug. 11, 1841, in Wales.
Since 1869 he has been engaged in farm
ing in Aurora, Wis. He is treasurer of
the Dairyman's association; and in 1896
was elected a member of the Wisconsin
state legislature.
HUGHITT, MARVIN, railroad presi
dent, was born Aug. 9, 1837, in Genoa, N.
Y. Since 1891 he has been president of
the Milwaukee, Lake Shore and Western
railroad; and is also president of various
other roads.
HUGHSTON, JONAS A., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a rep
resentative from that state to the thirty-
fourth congress. In 1845 he was district
attorney for Delaware county; and was
subsequently marshal of Shanghai, China.
He died in 1862, in China.
HUGUNIN, DANIEL, soldier, congress
man, was born in Montgomery county, N.
Y. He was an officer in the war of 1812.
He was a member of congress from New
York from 1825 to 1827; a member of the
New York legislature; and at a later
period United States marshal for the ter
ritory of Wisconsin. He died in June,
1850, in Kenosha, Wis.
HUIDEKOPER, FREDERIC, theolo
gian, philanthropist, author, was born
April 7, 1817, in Meadville, Pa. He is a
Unitarian theologian and philanthropist of
Meadville, Pa.; and the author of Be
lief of the First Three Centuries concern
ing Christ's Mission to the Underworld;
Judaism at Rome; and Indirect Testi
mony of History to the Genuineness of the
Gospels.
HUIDEKOPER, FREDERICK W., rail
road president, was born Sept. 12, 1840,
in Meadville, Pa. Since 1891 he has been
president of the Pittsburg, Shenango and
Lake Erie railroad; and has also been
president of various other roads.
HUIDEKOPER. HENRY SH1PPEN,
soldier, author, was born in 1839, in Penn
sylvania. He was a soldier in the federal
army during the civil war who after
wards attained the rank of major-general
in the Pennsylvania militia. He was post
master of Philadelphia in 1880-85; and
the author of a Manual of Military Ser
vice.
HULBERT, JOHN W., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1814 to 1817 to fill a
vacancy.
HULBURD, CALVIN T., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born June 5,
1809, in Stockholm, N. Y. He was a
member of the state legislature from
1842 to 1844, and again in 1862. In the
latter year he was elected a representa
tive from New York to the thirty-eighth
congress; and was re-elected to the thir
ty-ninth and fortieth congresses as a re
publican.
HULBURD, ROGER W., lawyer, state
senator, was born Oct. 22, 1856, in Water-
ville, Vt. He is a successful lawyer of
Hyde Park, Vt.; was postmaster for sev
eral years; and in 1894-96 was state's at
torney of his county. During 1896-98 he
served with distinction as a member of
the Vermont state senate.
HULICK, GEORGE W.. soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born June 29,
1833, in Batavia, Ohio. He enlisted under
the first call as a private in company B,
twenty-second regiment Ohio volunteer in
fantry in 1861. He was elected probate
judge of Clermont county, Ohio, in 1863;
and served from 1864 to 1867. He was
elected to the fifty-third and re-elected
to the fifty-fourth congress as a repub
lican.
HULING, JAMES H., lumber merchant,
congressman, was born March 24, 1844, in
Williamsport, Pa. He was elected mayor
of Charleston, W. Va., in 1884, being the
first republican ever elected to that office.
He declined a renomination; and was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
HULL, ALEXANDER C., public official,
was born April 20, 1858, in Marion county,
Ark. He has been deputy clerk of Boone
county; chief clerk of the United States
land office at Harrison, Ark.; editor of
the Boone Banner; expert accountant for
Arkansas; and is now secretary of state
of Arkansas.
HULL, AMOS GIRARD, educator, au
thor, was born March 7, 1815, in Paris,
N. Y. He became superintendent of public
instruction in Volney, N. Y., in 1843. He
has been a frequent contributor to the
press on political questions, and has pub
lished Treatise on the Duties of Town and
County Officers; and History of the Early
Settlement of Oswego Falls.
HULL, ASBURY, legislator, was born
Jan. 30, 1797, in Washington, Ga. For
more than forty years he was the secretary
and treasurer of the board of trustees of
the university of Georgia; and was often
a member of the legislature and speaker
of the house. He died Jan. 26, 1866, in
Athens, Ga.
HULL, CHARLES E., merchant, jour
nalist, state senator, was born Nov. 7,
1862, in Salem, 111. He was a successful
merchant, and the editor and owner of
The Herald-Advocate of Salem, 111. In
1897 he was elected a member of the Illi
nois state senate.
HULL, HENRY, physician, educator,
was born Oct. 20, 1798, in Washington,
Ga. From 1830 till his resignation in 1846
he was professor of mathematics in the
university of Georgia. He died May 10,
1881, in Athens, Ga.
HULL, HOLMER. lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1815, in Glen's Falls, N. Y. In
1870 he was appointed United States judge
for the states of Michigan, Ohio, Ken
tucky, and Tennessee. He died May 14,
1877, in Detroit, Mich.
HULL, ISAAC, commodore, was born
March 9, 1775, in Derby, Conn. He is dis
tinguished as the commander of the
American frigate Constitution, which cap
tured the British frigate Guerriere, in the
first naval action of the war of 1812, and
for which he received a gold medal from
congress. He died Feb. 13, 1843, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
HULL, JOHN A. T., soldier, manufac
turer, state senator, congressman, was
born May 1, 1841, in Sabina, Ohio. He
enlisted in the twenty-third Iowa infan
try in July, 1862; and was first lieuten
ant and captain. He was elected secre
tary of the Iowa state senate in 1872, and
re-elected in 1874, 1876, and 1878; and was
elected secretary of state in 1878, and re-
elected in 1880 and 1882. He was elected
lieutenant-governor in 1885 and re-elected
in 1887. He was elected to the fifty-
second, fifty-third, and fifty-fourth con
gresses, and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
HULL, NOBLE A., soldier, merchant.
state legislator, congressman, was born
March 11, 1827, in Camden county, Ga.
He was a representative in the Florida
legislature in 1860 and 1861; served in the
confederate army as captain; and was
elected lieutenant-governor of Florida in
1876. He was elected a representative-
from Florida to the forty-sixth congress
as a democrat.
HULL, WILLIAM, soldier, author, was
born June 24, 1753, in Derby, Conn. He
entered the revolutionary army as a cap
tain; was rapidly promoted, and became
inspector of the army. Two years after
his surrender to the British at Detroit he
was tried by court-martial and sentenced
to be shot, but on account of his age and
public services the sentence was remitted
by President Madison, by whom he had
been made commander-in-chief. In 1824
he published a series of letters in vindi
cation of himself, which were published
in a volume entitled The Campaign of the
Northwest Army. He died Nov. 29, 1825,
in Newton, Mass.
HULL, WILLIAM, lawyer, clergyman,
journalist, was born April 17, 1830, in
Clavarack, N. Y. For several years he
was at the head of the Hartwick Theo
logical seminary; and is now the editor
and proprietor of the Eastern Lutheran
of Albany, N. Y.
HULL, WILLIAM HOPE, lawyer, was
born Feb. 2, 1820, in Athens, Ga. He held
many offices of public trust, and was as
sistant United States attorney-general in
1857-60. He died Sept. 10, 1877, in New
York city.
HUMASON, GEORGE HOWARD, cler
gyman, lecturer, was born Aug. 3, 1850,
in Buffalo, N. Y. He attended the Buffalo
academy, the Stamford institute; took a
post-graduate course at the Allegheny col
lege: and has received the degrees of
Ph. D. and D. D. He has filled pastorates
in several of the largest churches in
northwestern Pennsylvania; has been
presiding elder of the methodist church,
and pastor of the largest congregation in
the state of Minnesota. He has traveled
extensively in Europe and the Holy Land,
and is also noted as a brilliant lecturer.
HUMBERT, JOSEPH B., railroad presi
dent, was born Aug. 14, 1837, in Knox
county, Tenn. Since 1891 he has been
president of the Knoxville and Western
railway, and has also been president of
various other roads.
510
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HUMES, THOMAS WILLIAM, clergy
man, author, was born in 1815, in Tenn
essee. He was an episcopal clergyman
and educator of Tennessee who published
The Loyal Mountaineers of Tennessee.
He died "in 1892.
HUMMER, GEORGE P1ERSON, educa
tor, business man, political economist,
was born Dec. 25, 1856, in Belvidere, N. J.
After graduating
••••••iHH from the Northern
Indiana Normal
school, he became
superintendent o f
public schools of
Holland, Mich.,
which position he
filled for seven years.
He then organized
and became the man
ager of the West
Mirhigan Furniture
company, one of the
largest manufacturers of furniture in th.e
United States. He took a leading part in
behalf of bimetallism in the presidential
campaign of 1896, and became a candidate
for congress on the state ticket, but was
defeated. He has always taken an active
part in the political affairs of his state,
and has gained a good reputation as a po
litical economist.
HUMPHREY, CHARLES, congressman,
was born about 1712, in Haverford, Pa.
He was a member of the provincial as
sembly from 1764 to 1774, and a delegate
to the continental congress from 1774 to
1776. He died in 1786 in Haverford,
Pa.
HUMPHREY, EDWARD PORTER,
clergyman, author, was born Jan. 28, 1809,
in Fairfield, Conn. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Louisville; and the author
of Our Theology in its Development; and
Sacred History from the Creation to the
Giving of the Law. He died in 1887.
HUMPHREY. ELIZABETH B., artist,
was bor'n about 1850 in Hopedale, Mass.
In 1882 Miss Humphrey was awarded two
prizes in the competitive exhibition of L.
Prang and Company. Her illustrations
include landscapes, still-life, and figures.
HUMPHREY, HEMAN, clergyman, au
thor, was born March 26, 1779, in West
Danbury, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman who was president of Amherst
college in 1823-45; and the author of Tour
in France, etc.; Domestic Education;
Sketches and History of Revivals; Essays
on tlir Sabbath; Life of Nathan Fiske;
and Letters to a Son in the Ministry. He
died April 3, 1861, in Pittsfield, Mass.
HUMPHREY, HERMAN L., lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born March 14, 1830.
in Candor, N. Y. He received his educa
tion in the public
schools and at the
academy of Cortland.
N. Y. In 1854 he
^•j was admitted to the
B| bar, and the follow-
/_ ing year was made
f district attorney of
S St. Croix county,
^^ j Wis. In 1860 he was
^^Lr ^^^^ ;,i>i>ninti'd county
™ •^ I judge, and the fol-
lowing year was
elected to that posi
tion for a term of four years. In 1861
he was elected a member of the Wiscon
sin state senate; and in 1865 was elected
mayor of the city of Hudson, Wis. In
1866 he was elected circuit judge of the
eighth judicial circuit of Wisconsin for
six years, and received the re-election in
1872. In 1876 he was elected a member
of the forty-fifth congress, receiving the
re-election to the forty-sixth and forty-
seventh congresses. While a member of
the United States congress he took an ac
tive part in the deliberations of that body,
notably on the Geneva award, on which
question he made a brilliant speech in the
house of representatives on May 10, 1882.
HUMPHREY, JAMES, educator, lawyer,
congressman, born Oct. 9, 1811, in Fair-
field, Conn. In 1838 he moved to the city
of New York, where he practiced his pro
fession. In 1858 he was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the thirty-
sixth congress; and was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth congress. He died June 16,
1866, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HUMPHREY, JAMES M., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Sept. 21,
1819, in Holland, Ind. He was district at
torney for Erie county in 1857-59; and
was a member of the state senate from
1863-65. He was elected a representative
from New York to the thirty-ninth con
gress; and was re-elected to the fortieth
congress as a democrat.
HUMPHREY, JOHN, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born June 20, 1838, in England.
In 1870 he was elected to the general as
sembly of Illinois; and in 1876 was ad
mitted to the bar. In 1884 he was again
elected to the general assembly; was
elected to the state senate in 1886, and
re-elected in 1890 and in 1894. He was the
author of the Humphrey bills.
HUMPHREY, LYMAN UNDERWOOD,
governor, was born July 25, 1844, in Ohio.
He served in the civil war and attained
the rank of colonel. In 1884 he was elected
a state senator, and in 1888 was nomi
nated for governor and renominated in
1890.
HUMPHREY. NELSON G., business
man, poet, was born May 17, 1845, in
Wyoming county, N. Y. He is the au
thor of a volume of
poems entitled Ran
dom Shots, of which
the Cincinnati En
quirer says that any
one of the poems
contained therein is
enough to stamp him
as the most original
singer of the day.
He constantly con
tributed prose and
\erse to the leading
publicationsof Amer
ica: and several of his poems have been
included in Poets of America and other
standard collections. He is a successful
real estate and exchange broker of Le
Roy, 111., where he is prominently identi
fied with the political affairs of his coun
ty and state.
HUMPHREY, REUBEN, state senator,
congressman. He was for four years a
senator in the legislature of New York
from Onondaga county; and was a repre
sentative in congress from that stat<>
from 1807 to 1809.
HUMPHREYS, ANDREW, congress
man. He was elected a representative
from Indiana to the forty-fourth congress
to fill a vacancy.
HUMPHREYS, ANDREW ATKINSON,
soldier, author, was born Nov. 2, 1810, In
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a general in the
federal army during the civil war; and
was subsequently chief of engineers of
the United States army. He was the au
thor of The Virginia Campaigns of 1864
and 1865; and From Gettysburg to the
Rapidan. He died Dec. 27, 1883, in Wash
ington, D. C.
HUMPHREYS, DAVID, soldier, states
man, author, poet, was born July 10, 1752,
in Derby, Conn. In 1780 he became a
colonel and aid-de
camp to Washing
ton, with whom he
resided for a consid
erable time. In 1786
he was elected to the
legislature of Con
necticut; was minis
ter to Portugal In
1791; to Algiers in
1793, and to Spain in
1796. He command
ed two Connecticut
regiments in the war
of 1812; and acquired considerable fame
as a writer, especially of poetry, and a
collection of his writings was published
in New York in 1804; and he also pub
lished a Life of General Putnam. He
died Feb. 21, 1818, in New Haven, Conn.
HUMPHREYS, DAVID C., lawyer, jur
ist, was born in Alabama. He was ap
pointed by President Grant from that
state one of the judges of the supreme
court of the United States for the Dis
trict of Columbia.
HUMPHREYS. EDWARD RUPERT,
educator, author, was born March 1, 1820.
in England. He was an educator of Bos
ton who came thither from England In
1859; and the author of Lessons on the
Liturgy of the Protestant Episcopal
Church; Education of Military Officers;
The Higher Education of Europe and
America; and Manual of Political Science.
He died in 1893.
HUMPHREYS, FREDERICK, manufac
turer, was born March 11, 1816, in Mar-
cellus, N. Y. The specifics manufactured
by the Humphreys Homoeopathic Medi
cine company, which he founded, are now
bring produced upon an enormous scale
and are known all over the world.
HUMPHREYS, HECTOR, clergyman,
educator, college president, was born
June 8. 1797, in Canton, Conn. From
1831 till his death he was president of St.
John's college, Annapolis, and was also
professor of history and philosophy. He
died June 25, 1857, in Annapolis, Md.
HUMPHREYS, JACOB, congressman
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1819 to 1821.
HUMPHREYS, JOSHUA, ship-builder,
was born June 17, 1751, in Haverford, Pa.
He was the first naval constructor in the
United States, and has been called the
father of the American navy. He died
Jan. 12, 1838, in Haverford, Pa.
HUMPHREYS, MILTON WYLIE, sol-
dii r. educator, philologist, author, was
horn Sept. 15, 1844, in Greenbrier county,
W. Va. He entered the confederate army
in March, 1862, as first gunner of Bryan's
battery; served to the end of the war as
gunner, and was promoted to corporal and
sergeant. He discovered and calculated
the effects of rotation of earth on pro
jectiles when eighteen years of age; and
fired the last round on Sept. 19, 1864, at
Winchester. He then taught school; has
filled the chairs of ancient languages in
the Washington and Lee university dur-
in 1867-75; of Greek in the Vanderbilt
university in 1875-83; of Latin and Greek
in the university of Texas during 1883-
87; and since 1887 has filled the chair
of Greek in the university of Virginia.
In 1873 he was commissioner from Vir
ginia to the Vienna exposition; and in
1882-83 was president of the American
Philological association. He is the au
thor of Clouds of Aristophanes; Antigone
of Sophocles; and numerous minor works.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
511
HUMPHREYS, PERRY W., congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Tennessee from 1813 to 1815.
HUMPHRIES, BENJAMIN G., govern
or. He was governor of Mississippi from
1S66 to 1868.
HUMPHRY, THOMAS CHAUNCEY,
soldier, lawyer, jurist, legislator, was
born Dec. 20, 1846, in Magazine, Ark. He
served in the confederate army during
the civil war. In 1874-75 was a member
•of the Arkansas state legislature; and in
1893 wa-s speaker in the house of repre
sentatives of that state. For two years
he was judge of county and probate court
of Logan county; and in 1890 was elected
judge of twelfth circuit of Arkansas.
HUN, EDWARD REYNOLDS, physi
cian, author, born April 17, 1842, in Albany,
N. Y. He was special pathologist to the
New York state lunatic asylum at Utica.
He translated C. Bouchard's Secondary
Degenerations of the Spinal Cord; and
contributed numerous articles to medi
cal journals, which include Trichina Spi-
ralis; Pulse of the Insane; and Hfema-
toma Auris. He died March 14, 1880, in
Stamford, Conn.
HUNGERFORD, JOHN N., banker, con
gressman, was born Dec. 31, 1825, in Ver-
non, N. Y. He was a delegate to the na
tional republican convention of 1872; and
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-fifth congress as a
democrat. He died April 2, 1883, in Cor
ning, N. Y.
HUNGERFORD. JOHN PRATT, sol
dier, congressman, was born in 1760 in
Leeds, Va. He was an officer of the revo
lution; and a representative in congress
from Virginia from 1813 to 1817. He was
a brigadier-general of Virginia militia on
the Potomac in 1814. He died Dec. 21,
1833, in Twiford, Va.
HUNGERFORD, ORVILLE, congress
man, was born in 1790 in Connecticut. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1843 to 1847. He died
April 6, 1855, in Watertown, Conn.
HUNGERFORD, WILLIAM, lawyer,
statesman, was born Nov. 22, 1786, in
East Haddam. Conn. He represented East
Haddam in the legislature; after his re
moval to Hartford was several times a
delegate from that city, and was a mem
ber of the constitutional convention of
Connecticut in 1818. He died Jan. 15, 1873,
in Hartford, Conn.
HUNKE, ALBERT EDWARD, educa
tor, author, was born Jan. 23, 1854, in
Heidelberg, Germany. In 1869 he emi
grated to America; attended the Indiana
State Normal school of Terre Haute, and
became a professor in that institution;
and subsequently superintendent of city
schools of Vincennes, Ind. He has deliv
ered many lectures before teachers' in
stitutes; and was the president of the
Southern Indiana Teachers' association.
He is the author of School Readings, and
other works.
HUNNEWELL, JAMES FROTHING-
HAM, author, was born July 3, 1832, in
Charlestown. Mass. He is a resident of
Charlestown, Mass. He is the author of
Bibliography of the Hawaiian Islands; The
Lands of Scott; The Historical Monu
ments of France; The Imperial Island;
England's Chronicle in Stone; Biblio
graphy of Charlestown and Bunker Hill;
and A Century of Town Life, a History of
Charlestown.
HUNT, ALEXANDER CAMERON, gov
ernor, was born Dec. 25, 1825, in New
York city. From 1867-69 he was govern
or of Colorado. He died May 14, 1894, in
Washington, D. C.
HUNT, MRS. ANNA SARGENT, jour
nalist, poet. In 1886 she became editor
and publisher of The Home Mission Echo,
of Augusta, Maine. She is the author of
a number of works, and has contributed
both prose and verse to the periodical
press.
HUNT, BENJAMIN FANEUIL, lawyer,
state senator, was born Feb. 20, 1792, in
Watertown, Mass. In 1818 hs was elected
to the state house of representatives, and
was repeatedly re-elected until the nulli
fication crisis. He died Dec. 5, 1857, in
New York city.
HUNT, CARLETON, soldier, educator,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 1,
1836, in New Orleans, La. In 1860 he
was a member of the convention of the
constitutional union party at Baton
Rouge, La.; and served as an officer in
the confederate army. He was state ad
ministrator of the university of Louis
iana in 1866. In 1872 and 1879 he was a
member of the democratic state conven
tions of those years; and in 1879 was
professor of civil law in the University of
Louisiana. He was elected a representa
tive from Louisiana to the forty-eighth
congress as a democrat.
HUNT, CHARLES SEDGWICK, naval
officer, journalist, was born April 7, 1842,
in Litchfield, Conn. At the beginning
of the civil war he entered the navy, and
became acting master on the war-sloop
Juniata. Early in 1876 he joined the edi
torial staff of the New York Times. He
died Oct. 15, 1876, in New York city.
HUNT, EDWARD BISSELL, military
engineer, author, was born June 15, 1822,
in Livingston county, N. Y. He was a
military engineer; and the author of
Union Foundations: a Study of American
Nationality. He died Oct. 2, 1863, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
HUNT, EZRA MUNDY, physician, au
thor, was born Jan. 4, 1830, in Middlesex
county, N. J. He is a physician of Tren
ton. N. J.; and the author of Patients'
and Physicians' Assistant; Physicians'
Counsels; Alcohol as Food and Medicine;
and Principles of Hygiene.
HUNT, FREEMAN, publisher, author,
was born March 21, 1804, in Quincy, Mass.
He was a publisher of New York city who
was the founder of Hunt's Merchants'
Magazine. He was the author of Lives of
American Merchants; Sketches of Female
Character; and Letters About the Hud
son River. He died March 2, 1858, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
HUNT, HARRIET KEZIA, physician,
lecturer, author, was born Nov. 9, 1805,
in Boston, Mass. She was a physician
of Boston who lectured upon woman-suff
rage and sanitary reforms. She published
Glances and Glimpses, or Fifty Years' So
cial and Twenty Years' Professional Life.
She died Jan. 2, 1875, in Boston, Mass.
HUNT, HENRY JACKSON, soldier, au
thor, was born Sept. 14, 1819, in Detroit,
Mich. He was a brigadier-general in the
federal army during the civil war, bre-
vetted major-general at its close. He was
the author of Instructions for Field Ar
tillery. He died Feb. 11, 1889, in Wash
ington, D. C.
HUNT, HIRAM P., congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1835
to 1837, and again from 1839 to 1843.
HUNT, JAMES B., congressman, was
born in 1799 in New York. He was a
member of congress from Michigan from
1843 to 1847. He died Aug. 15> 1857, in
Washington, D. C.
HUNT, JEDEDIAH, poet, was born Dec.
28, 1815, in Candor, N. Y. He is a poet of
Chilo, Ohio, and the author of Cottage
Maid, a Tale in Rhyme.
HUNT, JOHN WESLEY, physician, was
born Oct. 10, 1834, in Groveland, N. Y.
He served on the house surgical staff in
Bellevue hospital, New York city, and be
gan practice in Jersey City, N. J. In
1862 he was made brigade-surgeon of
volunteers, and placed in charge of the
Mill Creek hospital, near Fortress Mon
roe.
HUNT, JONATHAN, congressman. He
represented the state of Vermont in con
gress from 1827 to 1832. He died May 14,
1832, in Washington, D. C.
HUNT, RANDALL, lawyer, orator,
statesman, was born in 1807 in South
Carolina. He became a successful lawyer
and orator of New Orleans, La. In 1866
he was chosen United States senator; but
the seat was refused him on his arrival in
Washington, because of his attitude dur
ing the secession movement. During 1867-
84 he was president of the university of
Louisiana; and was also professor of law
in that institution during 1847-88. He
died March 22, 1892, in New Orleans La.
HUNT, RICHARD MORRIS, architect,
was born Oct. 31, 1828, in Brattleboro, Vt.
Among the structures designed by him
are the Lenox library; the Presbyterian
hospital; the Tribune building; the Cen
tral Park entrances in New York city. He
also designed the Yorktown monument of
Virginia; and the pedestal of the Statue
of Liberty on Bedloe's Island.
HUNT, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from 1802 to 1805.
HUNT, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born March 18, 1810, in Attleboro,
Mass. He was a congregational clergy
man of Franklin, Mass. He assisted Hen
ry Wilson in writing The Rise of the
Slave Power, and completed the work
after Mr. Wilson's death. He was author
of Political Duties of Christians; and Let
ter to the Avowed Friends of Missions.
He died July 23, 1878, in Boston, Mass.
HUNT, SAMUEL, railroad president,
was born in August, 1849, in Morrow,
Ohio. He is president of the Ohio River
and Charleston railroad; and has also
been president of \arious other roads.
HUNT, SANFORD, clergyman, author,
was born in 1825 in New York. He was a
methodist clergyman of prominence, long
associated with the Methodist Book Con
cern. He was the author of Handbook for
Trustees of Religious Corporations in the
State of New York; and Laws Relating
to Religious Corporations in the United
States. He died in 1896.
HUNT, THEODORE G., congressman,
was born in South Carolina. He was a
representative in the thirty-third congress
from Louisiana.
HUNT, THEODORE WHITEFIELD,
educator, author, poet, was born Feb. 19,
1844, in Metuchen, N. J. He is an educa
tor, professor of English literature in
Princeton college; and the author of
Principles of Written Discourse; English
Prose and Prose Writers; and Ethical
Teachings in Old English Literature.
HUNT, THOMAS, educator, physician,
surgeon, college president, author, was
born May 18, 1808, in Charleston, S. C.
He removed to New Orleans, where he
was a founder of the university of Louis
iana, and its first professor of anatomy.
He was house-surgeon to the Charity
hospital; president of the Physico-med-
ical society of New Orleans; and in 1866
of the university of Louisiana. He died
March 30, 1867, in New Orleans, La.
512
>IKKI:IM;SMAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
Ht'NT, THOMAS POAGE, clergyman,
lecturer, author, was born in 1794, in
Charlotte county, Va. He was a clergy
man and temperance lecturer of Pennsyl
vania; and the author of History of Jesse
Johnson and his Times; Death by Meas
ure; and Liquor Selling, a History of
Fraud, which include the most of his
works. He died Dec. 5, 1876, in Wyo
ming Valley, Pa.
HUNT, THOMAS STERRY, educator,
geologist, author, was born Sept. 5, 1826,
in Norwich, Conn. He was a geologist
who was professor in the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology in 1872-78; and
the author of Chemical and Geological
Essays; Azoic Rocks; Mineral Physiol
ogy; and New Basis for Chemistry. He
died in 1892.
HUNT. TIMOTHY ATWATER. naval
officer, was born in 1805, in New Haven,
Conn. He entered the navy as midship
man in 1825, became lieutenant in 1836,
commander in 1855, captain in 1862, com
modore in 1863, and was retired in 1877.
He died Jan. 21, 1884, in New Haven,
Conn.
HUNT, WARD, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, was born June 14, 1810, in
Utica, N. Y. In 1838 he was elected a
member of the assembly; and was re-
elected in 1839. In 1844 he was elected
mayor of Utica; and in 1865 was elected
a Judge of the court of appeals of the
state of New York, which position he held
until 1872, when he was appointed a
justice of the supreme court of the
United States. He died March 24, 1886,
in Washington, D. C.
HUNT, WASHINGTON, lawyer, jurist .
congressman, governor, was born AUK
5, 1811, in Windliam, N. Y. In 1836 he was
appointed first judge
of Niagara county.
He was a represen
tative in congress
from 1843 to 1849. In
1849 he was elected
comptroller of New
York; and in 1850
governor of the
state. In 1860 he was
tendered the nomi
nation for the office
of vice-president, but
declined. He was a
delegate to the Chicago comention in
1864, and to the Philadelphia national
union convention in 1866. He died Fell
2. 1867, in New York city.
HUNT. WILLIAM, Burgeon, author,
was born Sept. 26, 1825, in Philadelphia.
Pa. He has been demonstrator of anat
omy in the university of Pennsylvania,
and surgeon of the Episcopal and Wills
hospitals, and surgeon of the Orthopedic
and Pennsylvania hospitals. He is joint
author of Surgery In the Pennsylvania
Hospital, being an Epitome of the hos
pital since 1756.
HUNT, WILLIAM HENRY, educator,
lawyer, jurist, lecturer, born June 12, 1824
in Charleston, S. C. He was acting profes
sor and lecturer on commercial and crim
inal law in the university nf Louisiana in
1865 and 1866; and in 1876 was appointed
attorney-general of Louisiana to fill a va
cancy. He was subsequently elected in
that office, sen ing until 1877. In 1878 he
was appointed a judge of the United
States court of claims; resigned In 1881, to
become secretary of the navy in the cabi
net of President Garfleld. He died Feb
27, 1884.
HUNT, WILLIAM MORRIS, artist, was
born March 31, 1824, in Brattleboro, Vt.
He was one of the first to introduce the
French School of Art into America, and
many of his well-known pictures have
been reproduced in lithographs. He died
Sept. 8, 1879, in Isle of Shoals, N. H.
HUNT, WOOLSTON, soldier, metallur
gist, inventor, was born Dec. 9, 1838, in
Fallsington, Pa. He attained the rank
of captain during the civil war. He has
obtained patents for improvements in bot
tom casting of steel ingots; for making
special soft Bessemer steel; and also au
tomatic tables for rolling-mills.
HUNTER, ANDREW, clergyman, was
born in 1752 in Virginia. He was ap
pointed a brigade chaplain in 1775, and
served throughout the revolution, receiv
ing the public thanks of Gen. Washing
ton for valuable aid at the battle of Mon-
mouth. In 1810 he became a chaplain
in the navy. He died Feb. 24, 1823, in
Washington, D. C.
HUNTER, ANDREW J., engineer, law
yer, jurist, state senator, congressman,
was born Dec. 17, 1831, in Greencastle,
I nd. He was elected
to the state senate in
1864, and served four
years. He was ap
pointed and served
as a member of the
board of investiga
tion of state institu
tions. He was elect-
. j."^^^-^ ed county judge of
M _^^^B ^^ ''" Edgar county
I court in 1886 and
mm .^H^IBB again in 1890. serv
ing six years. In 1892
lie was nominated by the state conven
tion as a candidate for congressman at
large, and was elected to the fifty-third
and fifty-fifth congresses as a democrat.
HUNTKR. DAVID, soldier was born
July 21, 1802. in Washington. I). C. In
1822 lie graduated from the United Stale's
Military academy. In
1861 he was mail*'
major-general of vol
unteers; and he con
tributed much to the
success at Fort Don-
elson. After retiring
fromactive service in
1866 he made his
home in Washington,
D. C. He married a
daughter of John
Kinzie.who was not
ed for having been
the first permanent citizen of Chicago. He
died Feb. 2, 1886, in Washington, D. C.
HUNTER. EDWIN GUSTAVUS, clergy
man, missionary, journalist, was born
Jan. 21, 1846, in Canada. This eminent
clergyman is the editor of The Church
Worker, a diocesan paper published in
Indianapolis, Ind.
HUNTER, ELLSWORTH M., journal
ist, was born April 11, 1861, in Hubbard-
ton, Vt. He is the editor and owner of
The Vermont Record of Fair Haven. He
has been a member of the republican
county committee; and for many years
was judge of the police court.
HUNTER, JOHN, congressman, United
States senator, was born about 1760 In
South Carolina. He was a representative
in congress from South Carolina from
1793 to 1795; and a senator in congress
from that state from 1795 to 1796.
HUNTER, JOHN DUNN, adventurer,
author, was born about 1798 in Settlement
west of the Mississippi. He was an ad
venturer Whose Manners and Customs of
the Indian Tribes West of the Mississippi
once attracted much attention. He died
in 1827 near Nacogdoches, Texas.
HUNTER, JOHN GARNISS, soldier,
clergyman, college president, was born
Nov. 13, 1840, in Maysville, Ky. He re
ceived his education at the Centre college.
Ky. ; and at the Union Theological semi
nary of Virginia. During the war he was
a captain in the confederate service. He
is a successful clergyman of the Southern
Presbyterian church; has been secretary
of the board of curators of the Central
university of Kentucky; and president of
the Louis\ille Presbyterian Theological
seminary. In 1882 the honorary degree
of D. D. was conferred upon him. He is
the author of a number of valuable re
view articles, and has contributed exten
sively to religious and educational litera
ture.
HUNTER. JOHN WARD, was born Oct.
15, 1807, in Brooklyn. N. Y. In 1865 he
accepted the position of secretary of a
banking institution in Brooklyn; and in
1866 was elected, by a large majority, a
representative from New York to the
thirty-ninth congress.
HUNTER, LEWIS BOUDINOT, surgeon,
was born Oct. 9, 1804, in Princeton, N. J.
He served during the Mexican war on the-
Saratoga, and during the civil war as
fleet-surgeon of the North Atlantic squad
ron under Admiral Porter. In 1871 he
was made medical director, with the rank
of commodore, and retired. He died June'
24, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HUNTKR. MORTON CRAIG, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Feb. 5, 1825, in Versailles, Ind. In
1858 he was elected to the state legisla
ture; and in 1860 was a presidential elec
tor. In 1862 he raised the eighty-second"
regiment of Indiana volunteers, and as
colonel commanded it until the fall of At
lanta in 1864; and in 1865 was brevettetl
a brigadier-general. In 1866 he was elect
ed a representative from Indiana to the
fortieth congress; and elected to the for
ty-third, forty-fourth and forty-fifth con
gresses as a republican.
HUNTER, NAISWORTHY, congress
man. He was a delegate in congress from
the territory of Mississippi from 1801 to
1802. He died March 11, 1802.
HUNTER. ROBERT, governor. In 1707
he was appointed colonial governor of
Virginia; in 1710 was appointed govern
or of New York and of East and West
New Jersey. He died March 11, 1734.
HUNTER, ROBERT, physician, author,
was born June 14, 1826, in England. He
has attained prominence as a successful
physician of Chicago and New York. He
is the author of A Treatise on the Lungs
and their Diseases; The Air as the Source
of Life; and others.
HUNTER, ROBERT MERCER TALIA-
FERRO, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man. United States senator, born April 21.
1809, in Essex county. Va. He served
three years in the state legislature; and
was first elected a representative in con
gress from his native state in 1837, when
he served two terms; and was again
elected in 1845, officiating during the
twenty-sixth congress as speaker. In 1847
he was elected a senator in congress for
a long term, and re-elected for the term
ending in 1859. He was re-elected to the
senate, in 1859 for another term, but was
expelled in 1861. He took part in the re
bellion as secretary of state, and a mem
ber of congress in the confederate gov
ernment. He died July 18, 1887. in Es
sex county, Va.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
513
HUNTER, W. GODFREY, surgeon, state
legislator, congressman, was born Dec. 25,
1841. He was a surgeon in the union
army during the civil war. He was three
times elected a member of the Kentucky
legislature; and was a member of the fif
tieth and fifty-fourth congresses.
HUNTER, WILLIAM, state legislator,
congressman. He was a member of the
state legislature in 1807 and 1809; a state
counselor in 1809, 1814 and 1815; and was
a representative in congress from Ver
mont from 1817 to 1819.
HUNTER, WILLIAM, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Nov. 26
1774, in Newport, R. I. In 1799 he was a
representative in the general assembly of
Rhode Island, and re-elected at different-
periods from that time to the year 1811,
when he was chosen a senator in con
gress, and held his seat until 1821. He
died Dec. 3, 1849, in Newport, R. I.
HUNTER, WILLIAM, lawyer, public of
ficial, was born Nov. 8, 1805, in Newport,
R. I. In 1852 he was made chief clerk
by Daniel Webster; in 1853 was offered
the position of first assistant secretary,
but declined. In 1866 he was appointed
second assistant secretary of the depart
ment in Washington. He died July 22,
1886, in Washington, D. C.
HUNTER, WILLIAM D. H., physician,
journalist, legislator, was born Jan. 8,
1830, in Lawrenceburg, Ind. After taking
a scientific course in the Asbury univer
sity, he moved to Missouri, read medi
cine, and later attended lectures at the
Ohio Medical college of Cincinnati. He
practiced his profession in Missouri, but
in time drifted into politics and journal
ism. For fourteen years he was editor
and owner of the Missouri Ledger of Mex
ico; served as mayor of his city for sev
eral terms; was councilman and also
postmaster for a long time. In 1864 he
was elected a representative to the Mis
souri state legislature; in 1866 was ap
pointed assessor of internal revenue; and
in 1868 was a delegate to the national
democratic convention. He was a direc
tor of the St. Louis, Kansas City and
Northern railway, and other companies.
In 1871 he returned to Lawrenceburg, and
since 1877 has been editor and owner of
The Register of that city until he entered
the banking business. He has been pres
ident of the Southern Indiana Editorial
association; president of the board of ed
ucation; and prominent in the public af
fairs of his city, county and state.
HUNTER, WILLIAM F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 10, 1808, in
Alexandria, Va. He removed to Ohio,
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1849 to 1853.
HUNTER, WILLIAM H., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1837 to 1839.
HUNTINGTON, ABEL, physician, con
gressman, was born in Norwich, Conn.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1833 to 1837; was collec
tor of Sag Harbor under President Polk;
and member of the New York constitu
tional convention of 1846. He died May
18, 1858, in East Hampton.
HUNTINGTON, BENJAMIN, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born April 19,
1736, in Norwich, Conn. He was a mem
ber of the continental congress from 1780
to 1784, and also from 1787 to 1788,
and a representative in congress un
der the constitution from 1790 to 1791,
He was a judge of the superior court of
the state from 1793 to 1798. He died Oct.
16, 1800, in Norwich, Conn.
33
HUNTINGTON, COLLIS POTTER, was
born Oct. 22, 1821, in Harwinton, Conn.
In Sacramento he commenced business
under the name of C.
P. Huntington, but
afterward estab-
lished the well-
known hardware
house of Huntington
and Hopkins, which
has continued up to
the present day. The
result of his labors
is summed up in the
acts of congress of
1862 and 1864, by
which the govern
ment agreed to give lands and bonds to
aid in the construction of the Pacific
road. When Col. Scott sought to extend
the Texas Pacific to the west coast, Mr.
Huntington rapidly threw the Southern
Pacific across the desert wastes of Ari
zona and New Mexico, met Col. Scott's
line east of El Paso and continued build
ing eastwardly until he reached San An
tonio.
HUNTINGTON, DANIEL, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 17, 1788,
in Norwich, Conn. He taught a young
ladies' school in New London, but in
1841 resumed his pastoral charge in North
Bridgewater. He was the author of Re
ligion, a poem delivered at Brown, Aug.
31, 1819; Triumphs of Faith, delivered at
Andover seminary, Sept. 21, 1830; and
a Memorial of his daughter, Mary Hal-
lam. He died May 21, 1858, in New Lon
don, Conn.
HUNTINGTON, E. M., lawyer, jurist.
He was an emigrant from New England
to Indiana, and about the year 1844 was
appointed United States judge for the dis
trict of Indiana, residing at Terre Haute.
HUNTINGTON, EBENEZER, soldier,
congressman, was born Dec. 26, 1754, in
Norwich, Conn. He was twice elected to
congress from Connecticut, serving from
1810 to 1811, and again from 1817 to 1819.
In 1799 he was appointed a brigadier-
general in the army raised by congress
when expectations were entertained of a
war with France. He died June 17, 1834,
in Norwich, Conn.
HUNTINGTON, ELISHA, physician,
lieutenant-governor, author, was born
April 9, 1796, in Topsfield, Mass. He was
lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts in
1853, and was at one time president of
the Massachusetts Medical society. He
published addresses and a Memoir of
Prof. Elisha Bartlett. He died Dec. 10,
1865, in Lowell, Mass.
HUNTINGTON, FREDERIC DAN, bish
op, author, was born May 28, 1819, in Had-
ley, Mass. He is the first protestant epis
copal bishop of Central New York. He
was in earlier life a Unitarian clergy
man, and in 1842 was professor of Chris
tian morals in Harvard university. He
entered the episcopal ministry in 1860,
and was consecrated bishop in 1864. He
is the author of Christian Believing and
Living; Sermons for the People; Christ
in the Christian Year; Steps to a Liv
ing Faith; Lessons on the Parables;
Helps to a Holy Lent; Christ in the
World; Forty Days with the Master; The
Fitness of Christianity to Man; and Hu
man Society.
HUNTINGTON, JABEZ, soldier, was
born Aug. 7, 1719, in Norwich, Conn.
During the revolutionary war he was ac
tive on the committee of safety, and
from September, 1776, was major-general
of militia. He died Oct. 5, 1786, in Nor
wich, Conn.
HUNTINGTON, JABEZ WILLIAMS,
jurist, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Nov. 8, 1788, in Norwich,
Conn. In 1828 he was elected to the
Connecticut state legislature. In 1829 he
was a representative in congress, which
office he filled until 1834. He became a
judge of the supreme court of errors; was
chosen a judge of the superior court of
his state; and was a senator in congress
from 1840 until his death. He died Nov. 1,
1847, in Norwich, Conn.
HUNTINGTON, JEDEDIAH VINCENT,
clergyman, journalist, author, was born
Jan. 20, 1815, in New York city. He was
a writer who was once an episcopal cler
gyman, but became a Roman catholic lay
man. He was a journalist in St. Louis for
some years, and died in France. He was
the author of America Discovered: a Po
em; Alban, or the History of a Young
Puritan; Poems; Lady Alice, of the New
Una; Blonde and Brunette; and Rose
mary, or Life and Death. He died March
10, 1862, in France.
HUNTINGTON, JOSHUA, clergyman,
author, was born Jan. 31, 1786, in Nor
wich, Conn. He was one of the founders
of the American Educational society in
1815; and was president of the Boston
Society for the Religious and Moral In
struction of the Poor, which was founded
in 1816. He was the author of the Life
of Abigail Waters. He died Sept. 11, 1819,
in Groton, Mass.
HUNTINGTON, ROBERT W., naval
officer. Under his command the forces of
the United States planted the American
flag on Cuban soil and took possession
of the island.
HUNTINGTON, SAMUEL, lawyer, jur
ist. He was a judge of the United States
court for the territory of Michigan.
HUNTINGTON, SAMUEL, governor,
was born Oct. 4, 1765, in Coventry, Conn.
In 1808 he was elected governor of Ohio
and served until 1810. He died June 8,
1878, in Painesville, Ohio.
HUNTINGTON, SAMUEL, signer of the
Declaration of Independence, was born
July 3, 1731, in Windham, Conn. In 1764r
he was elected to the
general assembly of
Connecticut; in 1765
was appointed
king's attorney;
in 1774 was appoint
ed a judge of the su
perior court; and
in 1775 elected to the
council. He was a
signer of the Decla
ration of Independ
ence, and of the ar
ticles of confedera
tion. He was a delegate to the continent
al congress from 1767 to 1784, serving as
president in 1779; and in 1784 was ap
pointed chief justice. He was governor of
the state of Connecticut from 1786 to
1796. He died Jan. 5, 1796, in Windham,
Conn.
HUNTINGTON, SAMUEL, soldier, law
yer, jurist, state senator, governor, was
born Oct. 4, 1765, in Coventry, Conn. He
moved to Ohio in 1800 and settled near
Painesville. He was a judge of the court
of common pleas in 1802 and 1803; mem
ber of the convention that framed the
constitution of the state in 1802; and a
senator in the first legislature and chosen
speaker. He was a judge of the superior
court in 1803; and afterward chief jus
tice. He was governor from 1808 to 1810;
and member of the legislature in 1811 and
1812. He died June 8, 1817, in Painesville
Ohio.
514
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HUNTINGTON, SUSAN MANSFIELD,
author, was born Jan. 27, 1791. She wrote
a story entitled Little Lucy. Her me
moirs, with her letters, journal, and poet
ry, were published by Benjamin B. Wis-
ner in 1829. She died in 1823.
HUNTINGTON, WILLIAM HENRY,
philanthropist, was born May 30, 1820, in
Norwich, Conn. He went to Europe in
1858, and was correspondent of the New
York Tribune for twenty years. He gave
away a large part of his income in pri
vate charities, an'd voluntarily remained
in Paris during the siege of 1870-71 to
relieve the suffering and poor in his own
quarter. He died Oct. 1, 1885, in France.
HUNTINGTON, WILLIAM REED,
clergyman, lawyer, author, was born Sept.
20, 1838, in Lowell, Mass. He is an epis
copal clergyman of prominence as a broad
<-hurchman. He was rector of All Saints
church at Worcester, in 1862-83, and since
1883 has been rector of Grace church,
New York city. He is the author of The
Church Idea; Conditional Immortality;
The Peace of the Church; The Church
Porch; Questions on the Fourth Gospel;
The Causes of the Soul: Short History of
the Book of Common Prayer; and Quln-
quaginta, a book of fifty poems.
HUNTON, EPPA. soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 23, 1823. in
Fauquier county, Va. He was state at
torney for the county of Prince William,
Va., from 1849 to 1862; and was elected
to the state convention in 1861. He en
tered the confederate army as colonel of
the eighth Virginia infantry; was pro
moted after the battle of Gettysburg;
served through the war as brigadier-gen
eral. He was elected to the forty-third,
forty-fourth, forty-fifth and forty-sixth
congresses; and in 1892-95 served in the
I'nited States senate to fill a vacancy.
HUNTON, JONATHAN G., governor,
was born in 1781, in Unity, N. H. He
was governor of Maine in 1830 and 1831.
He died Oct. 14. 1851, in Fairfield, Maine.
HUNTSMAN, ADAM, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from Tennessee from
1835 to 1837.
HUPP, JOHN COX, physician, surgeon,
was born Nov. 24, 1819, in Washington,
Pa. He is a distinguished physician and
representative citi
zen of Wheeling, W.
Va. ; and comes of a
family noted for he
roism and sacrifice
in the days of In
dian warfare. He
was educated at
West Alexander
academy, and at
Washington college,
Pennsylvania, from
which latter institu
tion he graduated in
1844. In 1847 he graduated in medicine
from the Jefferson Medical college, and at
once entered into the general practice of
medicine at Wheeling. Dr. Hupp was
one of the founders of the medical socie
ty of the state of West Virginia; and in
1870 he brought chloral hydrate to the no
tice of the profession in a case of puerpe
ral mania. He was instrumental in estab
lishing the evening free school, and in
the general advancement of educational
work in his city and state. In 1875 he
was a delegate of the American Medical
association to the European Medical as
sociation; is a prominent member of the
leading medical bodies of America and
Europe; and has filled all the offices of
honor in their gift. He is the author of
numerous medical papers and contribu
tions to medical literature, and ranks as
one of the foremost physicians in the
south.
KURD, FRANK HUNT, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 25, 1841. in
Mount Vernon, Ohio. He was made a
county prosecuting attorney in 1863; and
a state senator in 1866. He codified the
criminal code of Ohio in 1868, which was
duly published. In 1874 he was elected
a representative from Ohio to the forty-
fourth congress; was also elected to the
forty-sixth and forty-eighth congresses as
a democrat.
HURD, HELEN MARR, educator, poet,
was born Feb. 2, 1839, in Harmony, Maine.
In her youth she was engaged in educa
tional work; and has contributed poems
to periodical literature during the past
forty years. In 1887 she published a vol
ume entitled Poetical Works, a work of
real merit; this was followed by another
volume in 1890. She takes an active in
terest in the cause of temperance and
other movements in the interest of hu
manity.
HURD, JOHN CODMAN, author, was
born Nov. 11, 1816, in Boston, Mass. He
was a writer of Boston, and the author of
The Law of Freedom and Bondage in the
United States; and The Theory of Our
National Existence. He died in 1892.
HURD, NATHANIEL, engraver, was
born Feb. 13, 1730. He was probably the
first in this country to engrave on cop
per. He engraved the seal of Harvard
university. He died Dec. 17, 1777.
HURLBURT, WILLIAM HENRY, jour
nalist, author, was born July 3, 11827, in
Charleston, S. C. He was a journalist of
New York city of much prominence a"t one
time as one of the editors of the World.
His latest years were spent in Europe.
He was the author of Gan Eden, or Pic
tures of Cuba; and General McClellan
and the Conduct of the War. He died in
1895.
HURLBUT. HENRY AUGUSTUS, mer
chant, patriot, was born Dec. 8, 1808. in
Hartford, Conn. He was a successful hat
.„-___ merchant of New
^ York city; and dur-
T&O. ing the civil war was
ijjKSf, foremost in sustain-
.,- rJjt* in.K tne government
•^* ^Tr;- with voice and
purse. For many
years he was com
missioner of emigra
tion for the state of
New York. He was
one of the founders
of the Second Na
tional bank, and for
M time its president. He was also active
in various philanthropic movements.
HURLBUT, STEPHEN AUGUSTUS,
soldier, lawyer, congressman, was born
Nov. 29, 1815, in Charleston, S. C. He
settled in Belvidere, 111.; and was elected
to the constitutional convention of 1847.
He was a presidential elector in 1848; a
member of the legislature in 1859, 1861,
and 1867; and presidential elector in 1868.
He was appointed brigadier-general of vol
unteers in 1861: and was promoted major-
general in 1862. He was elected a repre
sentative from Illinois to the forty-third
congress; and re-elected to the forty-
fourth congress. He died March 27, 1882.
HURLBUT, WILLIAM HENRY, physi
cian, surgeon, state legislator, was born
Jan. 8, 1837, in Venice, N. Y. Since 1877
he has been United States examining sur
geon for pensions; and in 1896 was elect
ed a member of the Wisconsin state legis
lature.
HURLBUT, JESSE LYMAN, clergy
man, author, was born in 1843, in New
York. He is a memodist clergyman of
prominence in New York and New Jersey,
and the author of Manual of Biblical
Theology; Studies in the Four Gospels;
and Outlines in Old Testament History.
HURLEY, DENIS M., business man,
congressman, was born March 14, 1843, in
Ireland. He was educated in the public
schools and learned
the carpenter's
trade. He is in the
contracting b u s i-
ness, and at present
is connected with
the W. H. Beard
Dredging company
of New York city. He
was an unsuccessful
candidate of the re
publican party for
member of assembly
in the first assembly
district of Kings county in 1881-82; was
elected to tne fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a republican.
HURST, CALVIN, lawyer, was born
Oct. 19, 1860, in Claiborne county, Tenn.
He received a liberal education; taught
school during 1878-82; and during 1885-90
was engaged in land surveying and
draughting. He has attained success as
an able lawyer of Pineville, Ky. ; nas
taken an active part in the political af
fairs of his state; and is president of the
Bryan Silver club of his city.
HURST, JOHN FLETCHER, clergy
man, college president, bishop, author, was
born Aug. 17, 1834, near Salem, Md. He
has been president of the Drew Theolo
gical seminary; a bishop of the methodist
episcopal church; and is now chancellor
of the American university of Washing
ton, D. C. He is the author of Literature
of Theology; History of Rationalism;
Martyrs to the Tract Cause; Life and Lit
erature in the Fatherland; Outline of
Church History; Our Theological Cen
tury; Bibliotheca Theologica; Short His
tories of the Church; Short History of the
Christian Church; Indica, the Country
and People of India and Ceylon, include
the greater part of his original works.
He is aiso the translator of Hagenbach's
History of the Church in the Eighteenth
and Nineteenth Centuries; of Van Ooster-
zee's Lectures on John's Gospel; and of
Lange's Commentary on the Epistle to
the Romans, with additions.
HUSBANDS, HERMAN, patriot, was
born near Philadelphia. Pa. He was a
member of the state legislature of North
Carolina, and subsequently was a member
of the Pennsylvania legislature in 1778.
He died in March. 1795, in Philadelphia,
Pa.
HUSE, MARY STICKNEY, educator,
poet, was born Jan. 23, 1858, in Damaris-
cotta, Maine. After receiving a liberal
education, she engaged in educational
work; for two years in a kindergarten
school at St. Paul. Minn., and then in the
primary department at Princeton.
HUSE, WILLIAM L., railroad presi
dent, was born March 9, 1835, in Danville,
Vt. He is president of the Chicago. Pa-
ducah and Memphis railroad; and also of
various other roads.
HISKE. ELLIS, journalist, author, was
born about 1700. He was a resident of
Portsmouth, N. H., previous to his be
coming postmaster of Boston in 1734. and
was a councillor of New Hampshire in
1733-55. He published the Boston Week
ly Post-Boy from 1(34 till 1755. and was
the reputed author of The Present State
of North America. He died in 1755.
HUSSEY, CORNELIA COLLINS suf
fragist, was born July 7, 1827 in' New
York city. She was the founder of the
^^^ _____ New York Infirmary
; for Women and
-y^, » Children; and has
-• ' f keen trustee of the
New York Colored
•_|r I Orphan Asylum. She
mm «J* a^j I is a member of the
I Association for Ad-
•^ '^\ j vancement of Wo-
Bk _ ^j I men; a member of
I the Woman's Chris-
I t i a n Temperance
^ union of the state of
New Jersey; vice-
president of the National Woman's Suf
frage society; and a member of the So
ciety for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Children; and of Dumb Animals.
HUSSEY, JOHN M., educator, lecturer,
college president, was born Sept. 22, 1863,
in Stanben-y. Mo. He received his edu
cation at the Grand
River college, and in
the Missouri normal
schools. He has
taught country
schools, graded and
high schools; and
has been conductor
of nearly a score of
county institutes in
Nebraska, Missouri
and Iowa. He is
considered one of
the most successful
private normal school men in the west-
ami is now the president and proprietor
t the Western Normal college, and the
bhenandoah Commercial Institute and
Musical Conservatory of Shenandoah
Iowa.
HUSSMAN, BERNARD L., educator
farmer, state legislator, was born Aug 2
1855, in St. Clair county, 111. For many
years he was principal of the Aviston
public schools. In 1897 he was elected a
representative in the Illinois state legis
lature from Effingham county, where he
is a successful farmer.
HUSSONG, EDWARD MARSTON edu
cator, botanist, was born Dec. 10, 1864
in Ames, Iowa. He received his education
in the Ames Agricultural college, and at
the university of Nebraska. For many
years he has been engaged in educational
work with success; and is now principal
'f public schools of Franklin, Neb. He
has been a successful editorial writer
and journalist, and is the author of sev
eral botanical and educational works.
HUSTED, JAMES WILLIAM, states
man, was born Oct. 31, 1833. in Bedford,
Westchester, N. Y. He has been for
many years a member and also speaker
of the assembly. In 18v3 he was appointed
major-general of the national guard of
the state of New York. He was president
of the New York state military associa
tion in 1875-76, and is popularly known
as the Bald Eagle of Westchester.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
was a delegate in the constitutional con
vention. During 1869-72 he was a mem
ber of the Michigan state legislature; was
state senator in 1879; and in 1890 was
appointed attorney-general of the state of
Michigan.
HUTCHERSON. WILSON EDWIN ed-
"c£,tor' clersyman, was born Sept! 13,
1863, in Holly Springs, Miss. He gradu
ated from the Wiley university of Mar
shall, Texas. He has attained success as
an educator, and as a clergyman in the
lexas conference. He now fills a pastor
ate in Caldwell, Texas.
HUTCHESON, JOSEPH C., soldier
lawyer, state legislator, congressman was
born May 18, 1842, in Mecklenburg coun
ty, Va. He enlisted as a private soldier
in the twenty-first Virginia regiment;
served in the Valley under Stonewall
Jackson and surrendered at Appomattox.
He was a member of the Texas legislature
in 1880; is the senior member of one of
the most prominent law firms in Texas-
and was elected to the fifty-third and
fifty-fourth congresses as a democrat.
HUTCHINS, CHARLES LEWIS, cler
gyman, author, was born Aug. 5, 1838 in
Concord, N. H. Since 1872 he has been
rector of Grace church, Medford, Mass.
He has published several collections of
church music, among which are, Sun
day-School Hymnal; Annotations of the
Hymnal; Church Hymnal; and Sunday-
School Hymnal and Service-Book.
HUTCHINS, JOHN, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born July 25,
1812, in Vienna township, Ohio. In 1849
he was elected to the Ohio legislature.
In 1858 he was elected a representative
from Ohio to the thirty-sixth congress-
was re-elected to the thirty-seventh con
gress. He was also a delegate to the
Philadelphia loyalists' convention in 1866.
HUTCHINS. JOHN CORYDON, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 8, 1840, in Warren,
Ohio. In 1877 he was elected prosecuting
attorney of Cuyahoga county; in 1883 was
elected judge of the municipal court of
Cleveland; and re-elected in 1885.
HUTCHINS, STILSON, journalist,
state legislator, was born Nov. 14 I83o'
in Whitefield. N. H. The Washington
Post was founded by him in 1877, and be
came almost immediately successful. He
has been a member of the Missouri and
New Hampshire legislatures.
HUTCHINS, THOMAS, geographer, au
thor, was born in 1730, in Monmouth,
N. J. He was a noted geographer of the
colonial period, and the author of Topo
graphical Description of Virginia, etc.;
and History, Narrative and Topograph
ical Description of Louisiana and West
Florida. He died April 28, 1789, in Pitts-
burg, Pa.
515
h « 1882 to 1892 ne was President
the Houston and Texas Central rail
way; and has been president of numer
ous other railroads.
HUTCHINSON, AARON, clergyman
author, was born in March, 1722 in Heb-
an, Conn, he was one of the 'foremost
classical scholars of his time in America-
and was actively engaged in preaching
HUSTON, BENJAMIN W., soldier, law
yer, state senator, was born March 5, 1830
in Rochester, N. Y. He moved to Michi
gan with his father in 1836; and subse
quently taught school and attended the
Ypsilanti seminary for several terms. In
1854 he was admitted to the bar, and since
1855 has practiced his profession in Vas-
sar, Mich. In 1862 he entered the civil
war as captain in the twenty-third regi
ment Michigan volunteers, became major
and served until 1865. He has served as
prosecuting attorney; in 1866 was elected
circuit court commissioner: and in 1867
HUTCHINS, WALDO, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in 1823,
in Brooklyn, Conn. He was a member of
the state house of representatives of New
York in 1852; and was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, and forty-eighth
congresses as a democrat.
HUTCHINS, WELLS A., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Oct. 8.
1818, in Hartford, Ohio. He was elected
to the Ohio legislature in 1851; and in
1862 was appointed one of the six pro
vost-marshals for Ohio. He was elected
a representative from Ohio to the thirty,
eighth congress.
HUTCHINSON, A. C., railroad presi
dent, was born Feu. 2, 1832, in Brooklyn,
HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. banker
Snba°rh MarCh 7' 1854' in Lynn Mass'.
has been president of ihe Corn Ex-
n^^ SinCe its reo'-ganization in
and is ex-presiaent of the Chicago
WorM'°f Tl',ade- He Was a ^rector of th"
Worlds Columbian exposition The Art
fof ro?te,' of wh*h "e has been presiden
foi fourteen years, is the apple of his eye
Much of his time has been given to this
, bab,y n/one eto thte
"" develo^™t and
. HUTCHINSON, ELLEN MACKAY
Yor'kna1^' aUn"?r' P°et' Was bo™ in New
York. She is a literary journalist of New
^/h F W^ TribUlle Staff' and «»tor
•. C. Stedman of The Library of
American Literature, in eleven volumes
She has published Songs and Lyrics.
HUTCHINSON, JESSE, poet He
wrote many songs lor popular airs, which
he sang with effect. The principal of
these were the Emancipation Song; Fam
ily Song, Old Granite State; Good Old
Days of Yore; and The Slave Mother.
HUTCHINSON. JESSE, farmer was
born Feb. 3, 1778, in Middletown, Vass
He was the father of the famous Hutchin-
son family, who achieved a reputation as
popular singers, and were identified with
the anti-slavery and temperance move
ments. He died Feb. 16, 1851, in Milford
IN . ri.
HUTCHINSON, JOHN ALEXANDER
awyer, legislator, author, was born in
'40, in Parkersburg, W. Va. In 1872 he
was made prosecuting county attorney
serving nine years. He served one term
s a member in the state house of dele-
8atT6S "} ™st Vir§inia- He is the author
of Land Titles in Virginia and West Vir-
f',nia; and A Treatise on the Laws of
West Virginia.
HUTCHINSON, JOHN RUSSELL edu
cator, clergyman, college president, au
thor, was born Feb. 12, 1807, in Colum
bia county, Pa. He was professor of an-
'•iei11icna,nguages in Oaklan<l college, Miss.
1854, and afterward president of the
college. He was the author of Remin
iscences, Sketches, and Addresses He
died Feb. ^4, 1878
HUTCHINSON, THOMAS, governor
author, was oorn Sept. 9, 1711, in Boston'
Mass. He was the last royal governor of
Massachusetts. An
historian of great
ability, but whose
merits as such were
not recognized by
his contemporaries.
His History of the
Colony of Massachu
setts Bay, the third
and last volume of
which was not pub-
/ ^M ^k lished till nearly fif-
" -••••k 'y years after his
death, begins with
the year 1628 and closes with the year
1774. He published also a Collection of
Original Papers relating to the same sub
ject He died June 3, 1780, near London
England.
516
HFRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HUTCHISON, JOSEPH CHRISMAN,
physician, author, was born Feb. 22, 1822,
in Old Franklin, Mo. He was a noted
physician of Brooklyn, and the author
of History of Asiatic Cholera in Brook
lyn; Physiology and Hygiene; Contribu
tions to Orthopaedic Surgery; and Acu
pressure. He died in 1867.
HUTSON, CHARLES \\OODWARD,
author. He is the author of Out of a
Beleaguered City, a Tale of the Revolu
tion; Beginnings of Civilization; History
of French Literature; and The Story of
Beryl, a novel.
HUTSON, RICHARD, congressman,
was born June 12, 1747, in Prince Will
iams Parish, S. ^. He was a delegate
from South Carolina to the continental
congress from 1778 to 1779; and was one
of the signers of the articles of confeder
ation. He died in 1793, in Philadelphia,
Pa.
HUTTON, AURELIUS WINFIELD,
lawyer, jurist, was born July 23, 1847, in
Greene county, Ala. After receiving a
liberal education he became a cadet in
the university of Alabama. He then
studied law, and graduated from the law
department of the university of Virginia
in 1868, with the degree of B. L. In 1869
he was admitted to the bar, and settled
in Los Angeles, Cal., where he has at
tained prominence as one of the leading
lawyers of that siate. In 1872 he was
elected city attorney, and received the re
election two years later. In 1887-88 he
became superior judge of Los Angeles
county; and in 1889 was appointed United
States attorney. President Harrison ap
pointed him special counsel of the United
States in the cases for violation of the
neutrality laws of the United States
against the Itata in 1891.
HUTTON, FREDERICK REMSEN, en
gineer educator, was born May 28, 1853,
in New York city. In 1873 he graduated
from Columbia col
lege; he then at
tended the school of
mines of that insti
tution, and in 1876
received the degrees
of Civil Engineer
and Engineer of
Mines. Subsequently
he received the de
grees of A. M. and
Ph. D. He was ap
pointed instructor in
mechanical e n g I-
neering in Columbia, and his educational
work has since been done in that field.
HUTTON, JOHN E., congressman. He
was elected a representative from Mis
souri to the forty-ninth congress.
HUTTON, LAURENCE, author, was
born Aug. 8, 1843, in New York city. He
is a litterateur of prominence in New York
city, and the author of Other Times and
Other Seasons; Plays and Players; Art
ists of the Nineteenth Century; Literary
Landmarks of London; Literary Land
marks of Edinburgh; Curiosities of the
American Stage; From the Books of
Laurence Hutton; Portraits in Plaster;
Edwin Booth; Literary Landmarks of
Jerusalem; Literary landmarks of Ven
ice; Literary Landmarks of Florence; and
Literary Landmarks of Rome.
HUYLER, JOHN, congressman, was
born in New York. Having become a
citizen of New Jersey, he was elected a
representative to the thirty-fifth congress
from that state. He died Jan. 9, 1870, in
New York.
Castle, N. Y.
HYATT ALPHEUS, educator, author,
was born April 5, 1838, in Washington,
D. C. He is a protessor o. zoology in the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
and curator of the Boston Society of Nat
ural History, and the author of Observa
tions on Fresh Water Polyzoa; About
Pebbles; Commercial and Other Sponges;
Common Hydroids; Worms and Crus
tacea; Guides to Science Teaching; and
The Oyster, Clam, and other Common
Mollusks.
HYATT, ELIJAH CLARENCE, lawyer,
author was born Oct. 14, 1835, in New-
He received his education
at the Amenia sem
inary, Mount -Kisco
Educational insti-
- tute, Bedford acad-
| emy, and the New
York university law
. school. He has been
justice of the peace;
executor and admin
istrator of estates,
referee ana commis
sioner in lunacy
proceedings; and
filled various other
public positions of trust. In 1866 he was
admitted to the bar, and has attained
success as an able lawyer of Mount Kis
co, N. Y. He is the author of History of
Mount Kisco; History of New York and
Harlem Railroad; Genealogical History of
the Hyatts; and other works.
HYATT, JOHN WESLEY, inventor,
was born Nov. 28, 1S37, in Starkey, N. Y.
He devoted his attention almost exclu
sively to inventing, and his first patent
was for a knife-grinder or sharpener.
His next important invention was a com
position billiard ball, the patent being is
sued in 1865. He has received nearly
two hundred patents.
HYDE, ALVAN, clergyman, author, was
born Feb. 2, 1768, in Franklin, Conn.
For thirty-one years he was a member of
the corporation of Williams college, and
its vice-president from 1812 until his
death. He published Sketches of the Life
of Rev. Stephen West; Essay on the State
of Infants; and occasional sermons. He
died Dec. 4, 1833, in Lee, Mass.
HYDE, BURRELL WOODWORTH,
financier, was born Dec. 23, 1839, in
Franklin, Conn. In 1868 he entered the
Old Norwich Saving society, which now
has deposits of over eleven millions, and
with which institution he is still connect
ed. For twenty years he has been a mem
ber of the board of education; and has
written extensively for various maga
zines.
HYDE, CHARLES L., journalist, finan
cier, was born June 23, 1861, in Pike
county, 111. At the age of eighteen years
he \\;is \\oi-Uiii.n M :i
farm hand or cow
boy in Colorado.
From 1880 to 1886 he
served as a com-
mercial traveler ior
an eastern manufac
turing house. He
then engaged in
mercantile business
at Lima, Ohio, from
whence he moved to
South Dakota in
1888, and has since
been engaged in the real estate business.
Mr. Hyde's financial career has been most
successful, the results solely of his own
perseverance, forethought and integrity.
He Is the editor and owner of the Rustler,
of Pierre, and influential in the public af
fairs of his city and state.
HYDE, EDWARD, governor, was born
about 1650, in England. He was governor
of North Carolina about 1706-12, when
the colony was in a state of confusion
from the conflicting claims of the Angli
cans and Quakers. He died Aug. 8, 1712,
in North Carolina.
HYDE, EDWARD WYLLYS, educator,
author, was born Oct. 17, 1843, in Sagi-
naw, Mich. He is a professor of mathe
matics and civil engineering in the uni
versity of Cincinnati from 1875, and au
thor of Skew Arches; and Directional
Calculus.
HYDE, FREDERICK, educator, sur
geon, banker, author, was born Jan. 27,
1809, in Whitney's Point, N. Y. He was
president of the New York state medical
association in 1865, since 1876 has been
president of the board of trustees of the
state normal school at Cortland, and in
that year was a delegate to the Interna
tional Medical congress at Philadelphia.
In 1876 he became president of the Cori-
land Savings bank. He has published re
ports on the Surgery of Cortland County.
HYDE, HENRY B., insurance presi
dent. He is president of the Equitable
Life Assurance society of New York, and
draws the highest salary in the United
States. His salary is one hundred thou
sand dollars a year.
HYDE, IRA B., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 18, 1838, in Guil-
ford, N. Y. He entered the union army
in a Minnesota cavalry regiment in 18o^.
He removed to Missouri in 1866; was
prosecuting attorney in 1872; and was
elected to the forty-third congress.
HYDE, JAMES NEVINS, surgeon, au
thor, was born June 21, 1840, in Norwich,
Conn. He is a surgeon of Chicago, and
the author of Early Medical Chicago; and
Diseases of the Skin.
HYDE, JOHN POISAL, clergyman, ed
ucator, college president, was born Jan.
31, 1836, in Annapolis, Md. In 1850 he
entered St. John's college, and graduated
with first honors in 1857. During 1870-81
he was president of the Lonoak Female
college of Martinsburg, W. Va. ; and since
joSl has been president of the Valley
Female college of Winchester, Va. He
is a successful clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church south; and well known
as a successful educator of young ladies,
and a promoter of sound Christian educa
tion. In 1892 he received the nomina
tion for United States commissioner of
education; and has filled various high
positions in his church, and as chaplain
in various associations.
HYDE, SAMUEL CLARENCE, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born April 22,
1842, in Fort Ticonderoga, N. Y. He
served in the seventeenth regiment Wis
consin infantry in the war of the rebel
lion. He was elected prosecuting attor
ney for the district embracing northeast
ern Washington in 1880; and was elected
three terms, holding that office for six
years. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a republican.
HYDE, THOMAS WORCESTER, sol
dier, ship builder, author, was born in
Italy. He was a brigadier-general in the
army of the Potomac in the civil war,
and Is a builder of steel ships at Bath.
Maine. He is the author of Following the
Greek Cross, or Memories of the Sixth
Army Corps.
HYDE, WILLIAM DE WITT, clergy
man, author, was born Sept. 23, 1858, in
\Vinchendon, Mass. He is a congrega
tional clergyman, president of Bowdoin
college since 1885, and the author of rrac-
tical Ethics; and Outlines of Social The
ology.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
517
HYDE, WILLIAM H., railroad presi
dent, was born May 27, 1849, in Ridgway,
Pa. Since 1891 he has been president of
the Clarion River railway.
HYDER, H. H., author, poet. He is the
author of a volume of poems entitled The
Lover's Dream.
HYER, GEORGE, journalist, state leg
islator, was born July 16, 1819, in Coving-
ton, N. Y. He was a member of the Wis
consin legislature m 1846, 1850, and 1863,
and in the first-mentioned year was a
representative in the state constitutional
convention. He established the Madison
Democrat in 1865, and from 1867 till the
time of his death was connected with the
Oshkosh Times. He died April 20, 1872,
in Oshkosh, Wis.
HYLTON, JOHN DUNBAR, business
man. author, poet, was born March 25,
1837, in the West Indies. The Farmer
Poet is aptly applied
by the newspapers
of New Jersey to Dr.
J. Dunbar Hylton.
He has written quite
a number of books,
Betrayed, a northern
tale; The Bride of
Gettysburg, an epi
sode of 1863; Tne
Heir of Lyolynn, a
tale of sea and land,
and other poems;
Arteloise; and the
Sea King. Dr. Dunbar Hylton is now a
resident of Palmyra, N. J., where he is
engaged in business and literary work.
HYMAN, JOHN ADAMS, merchant,
congressman, was born July 23, 1840, in
Warrenton, N. C., of colored parents.
He served in the state legislature from
1868 to 1874; and was elected a repre
sentative from North Carolina to the for
ty-fourth congress.
HYNDS, ALEXANDER, lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 8, 1853, in Dandridge,
Tenn. He was special judge of the cir
cuit of Tennessee for several terms; and
has held various offices of trust in his
county and state.
HYNEMAN, HERMAN N., artist, was
born July 27, 1855, in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1889 he exhibited his Desdemona in
the Paris salon, and the following year
exhibited his Juliet in the same place.
In 189 < he completed his most import
ant work, the Dedication of Washington
Memorial Arch, a picture which contains
the portraits of hundreds of notable peo
ple present on that occasion.
HYNEMAN, JOHN M., state legislator,
congressman. He was a member of the
legislature of Pennsylvania in 1809; and
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1811 to 1813.
HYNEMAN, LEON, journalist, author,
was born in 1805, in Montgomery county,
Pa. He was an editor of New ^ork city,
and the author of The Fundamental Prin
ciples of Science; and Freemasonry in
England from 1567 to 1813. He died in
1879, in New York city.
HYNES, WILLIAM J., journalist, law
yer, congressman, lecturer, was born
March 31, 1843, in Ireland. He was elect
ed to the forty-third congress from Ar
kansas. In 1875 he moved to Illinois,
locating in Chicago as a lawyer.
HYSLOP, JAMES HERVEY, educator,
author, was born in 1854, in Ohio. He is
an instructor in Columbia college, and the
author of The Elements of Ethics; The
Elements of Logic; and The Ethics of
Home.
IDDINGS, JOSEPH PAXTON, geolo
gist, author, was born Jan. 21, 1857, in
Baltimore, Md. in 1880 he was appointed
assistant geologist on the United States
geological survey. His scientific papers,
published in the American Journal of
Science, and the Bulletin of the United
States geological survey, include Notes
on the Volcanoes of Northern California,
Oregon, and Washington Territory, with
Arnold Hague; The Columnar Structure
in the Igneous Rock on Orange Mountain,
New Jersey; and The Nature and Origin
of Lithophysas and the Lamination of
Acid Lavas.
IDE, GEORGE BARTON, clergyman,
author, was born in 1804, in Coventry, Vt.
He was a baptist clergyman of Spring
field, Mass., and the author of Green Hol
low; Bible Echoes, or Lessons from the
War; The Power of Kindness, a juvenile
tale; and Bible Pictures. He died April
6, 1872, in Springfield, Mass.
IDOL, WILLIS, physician, surgeon, leg
islator, was born May 2, 1863, in Grainger,
county, Tenn. At the age of twenty-one
he was elected to represent his native
county in the lower branch of the forty-
fourth general assembly of Tennessee;
and was re-elected to the forty-fifth gen
eral assembly.
IHRIE, PETER, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from tnat state
from 1829 to 1833.
IJAMS, WILLIAM P., railroad presi
dent, was born Jan. 18, 1847. in Marietta,
Ohio. He is president of the Belt Road
and Stock Yard company.
IKIRT, GEORGE P., physician, con
gressman, was born in 1852, in West
Beaver. In 1884 lie founded the East
Liverpool Crisis, a newspaper of Ohio.
In 1892 he was nominated and elected to
the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
ILES, MALVERN WELLS, metallurg
ist, was born Aug. 7, 1852, in Midway,
Ky. He was chemist and assayer to the
Utica Mining and Milling company, and
later metallurgist to the Omaha and
Grant Smelting company; and superin
tendent and metallurgist to the Holden
Smelting company in Denver, Colo.
ILSLEY, CHARLES PARKER, author,
poet, was born in j.»07, in Maine. He
was a writer whose home was in Port
land. Maine, till 1866. He was the author
of The Island Fete, a poem; The Liberty
Pole, a tale of Machias; and Forest and
Shore, subsequently published as The
Wrecker's Daughter. He died in 1887.
ILSLEY, DANIEL, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born in 1740, in Falmouth,
Mass. He served three years in the state
legislature; and was a representative in
congress from Massachusetts from 1807
to 1809. He died in 1813.
IMLAY, JAMES H., educator, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from New Jersey from 1797 to 1801.
IMMELL, LORENZO D., soldier, edu
cator, lawyer, public official, was born
June 18, 1837, in Ross county, Ohio. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the public schools of Ohio, and attend
ed the Ottumwa, Iowa, seminary. He
entered the army during the civil war as
a private, and was promoted to lieuten
ant-colonel. He has been a successful
teacher, financier: has filled numerous
offices of honor; and is now a successful
lawyer of St. Louis, Mo.
INGALLS, CHARLES RUSSELL, jur
ist, was born Sept. 14, 1819, in Greenwich,
N. Y. He has been supreme court justice
continuously for twenty-six years, and
retired from the bench Jan. 1, 1890, hav
ing attained the age of seventy.
INGALLS, JOHN JAMES, soldier, jour
nalist, lawyer, statesman, was born Dec.
29, 1833, in Middleion, Mass. He was
secretary of the Arkansas state senate ill
1861. He was a member of the state sen
ate from Atchison county in ^862; major,
lieutenant-colonel, and judge-advocate
Kansas volunteers in 1863-65. He was
elected to the United States senate as a
republican; took his seat March 4, 1873,
and was re-elected in 1879 and 1885, his
last term expiring in 1891.
INGALLS, JOSHUA KING, author. He
is the author of Social Wealth; and Eco
nomic Equities.
INGALLS, MELVILLE EZRA, railroad
president, was born Sept. 6, 1842, in Har
rison, Maine. He became president of
the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and
St. Louis railroad, the Big Four, as it is
called, and retained this position to the
present time. Since 1888 he has also been
president of the Chesapeake and Ohio
railway.
INGALLS, RUFUS, soldier, was born
Aug. 23, 1820, in Denmark, Maine. He
was in the battles of Embudo and Taos,
N. M., in 1847, became first lieutenant in
1847, and was made assistant quarter
master, with the rank of captain, in 1848.
He died Jan. 15, 1S93, in New York city.
INGALLS, THOMAS R., educator,
college president, was born Nov. 22, 1798,
in Salem, N. Y. He was elected president
of Jefferson college of Louisiana, where
he remained until 1840. He died July
26, 1864.
INGALLS, WILLIAM, physician, edu
cator, author, was born May 3, 1769, in
Newburyport, Mass. He was a physician
who was professor of anatomy at Brown
university in 1811-23; and author of a
treatise on Malignant Fevers. He died
Sept. 8, 1851, in Wrentham, Mass.
INGE, SAMUEL W., lawyer, congress
man, was born in North Carolina. He
was elected a representative in congress
from Alabama from 1847 to 1851. He
then moved to California and practiced
law. He died in 1867, in San Francisco,
Cal.
INGE, WILLIAM M., congressman, was
born in Tennessee. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1833 to 1835.
INGLRSOLL, CHARLES ANTHONY,
lawyer, jurist, was born Oct. 19, 1798, in
New Haven, Conn. He was appointed by
President Pierce judge of the United
States district court for the district of
Connecticut. He died Jan. 12, 1860, in
New Haven, Conn.
INGERSOLL, CHARLES JARED,
statesman, lawyer, congressman, author,
poet, was born Oct. 3, 1782, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a
representative i n
congress from Penn
sylvania from 1813
to 1815, when he was
appointed United
States district at
torney for Pennsyl
vania, which posi
tion he held until
1829. In 1837 he was
appointed secretary
of legation to Prus
sia; and during
1841-47 was again a representative in con
gress. He was the author of History of
the War of 1812-15; Chiomara, a Poem;
Edwy and Elgiva, a Tragedy; Inchiquin,
the Jesuit's Letters in American Litera
ture and Politics: and Recollections. He
died May 14, 1862, in Philadelphia, Pa.
B18
HKRRINOSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
INGERSOLL, CHARLES L., college
president, was born Nov. 1, 1844, in
Perry, N. Y. In 1882 Professor Ingersoll
accepted the presidency of Colorado Agri
cultural college, and in 1891 was elected
fellow of the Society of Science, Litera
ture and Arts, of London, England, a
most unusual distinction for so young a
man.
INGERSOLL. CHARLES ROBERTS,
lawyer, legislator, governor, was born
Sept. 16, 1821, in New Haven, Conn. He
was frequently elected to the state legis
lature; and was governor of Connecticut
from 1873 to 1876.
INGERSOLL, COLIN MACRAE, law
yer, congressman, was born in 1820, in
Connecticut. He was secretary of lega
tion at St. Petersburg, by appointment
of President Polk; and was a representa
tive in congress from Connecticut from
1851 to 1855.
INGERSOLL, EBON C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 12, 1831, in
Oneida county, N. Y. In 1856 he was
elected to the Illinois legislature. In 1864
he was elected a representative from Illi
nois to the thirty-eighth congress, to fill
a vacancy; and was re-elected to the thir
ty-ninth, fortieth and forty-first con
gresses. He died June 1, 1879.
INGERSOLL, EDWARD, author, poet,
He wrote poems under the pen-name of
Horace for the Port-folio, and contrib
uted articles to Walsh's Gazette. He was
the author of Digest of the Laws of the
United States.
INGERSOLL. EDWARD, author, was
born April 2, 1817, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He is the author of History and Law of
Habeas Corpus and Grand Juries; and
Personal Liberty and Martial \n\\\
INGERSOLL. ERNEST, naturalist, au
thor, was born March 13, 1852, in Monroe,
Mich. He is a naturalist of New York
city whose writing is mainly for young
people, and of a popular character. He is
the author of Friends Worth Knowing;
Natural History of Insects; Knocking
Around the Rockies; Nests and Eggs of
American Birds; The Crest of the Conti
nent; Strange Adventures of a Stow
away; Down East Latch Strings; The Ice
Queen, a story; Blrds'-Nesting; Country
Cousins, or Short Studies in Natural His
tory; Old Ocean; To the Shenandoah an,d
Beyond; and Habits of Animals.
INGERSOLL, HENRY HULBERT, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, lecturer, was born
Jan. 20. 1844. in Oberlln. Ohio. In 1863
he gradviated from Yale college; and he
has attained success as a brilliant lec
turer and as one of the foremost lawyers
of the south. In 1861 he enlisted as a
private in the seventh regiment Ohio vol
unteer infantry. In 1876 he was the dem
ocratic elector for president and vice-
president of the United States. DurinR
1879-81 he was judge of the supreme court
commission of Tennessee; trustee of
Emory and Henry college of Virginia
during 1887-93; trustee of the university
of the south during 1898-1900; and since
1890 he has been dean in the law depart
ment of the university of Tennessee at
Knoxville.
INGERSOLL. JARED, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1749, in Con
necticut. He was a delegate from Penn
sylvania to the continental congress in
1780 and 1781. He was for many years
attorney-general for Pennsylvania; and
was judge of the district court of the
United States at the lime of hlu death.
He died Oct. 31, 1822, in PtilladHphiii. Pa.
INGERSOLL, JOSEPH REED, lawyer,
congressman, author, was born July 14,
1786, in Philadelphia, tie graduated at
Princeton college in
1804, and was a law
yer by profession.
He was a repre
sentative in con
gress from Pennsyl
vania from 1835 to
1837. and from 1842
to 1849. He was ap
pointed in 1852 min
ister to England.
He was the author
of Memoir of Sam
uel Breck. He died
Feb. 20. 1868, in Philadelphia, Pa.
INGERSOLL, LUTHER DUNHAM, lib
rarian, author. He is the librarian of the
war department at Washington, and the
author of Iowa and the Rebellion; Life of
Horace Greeley; and History of the Wai-
Department.
INGERSOLL, RALPH ISAACS, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born in New
Haven, Conn. He served in the legisla
ture of Connecticut several years; and
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1825 to 1833. In 1833 he
was appointed attorney for the state; and
was appointed by President Polk minister
plenipotentiary to Russia. He died Aug.
26, 1872, in New Haven, Conn.
INGERSOLL, ROBERT GREEN, law
yer, orator, author, poet, was born Aug.
11, 1833, in Dresden. N. Y. He is a noted
lawyer and politician of Peoria, 111., and
more recently of New York city, famous
also as a lecturer ana writer strongly op
posed to the Christian religion. He is
the author of The Gods; Gnosts; Some
Mistakes of Moses; Complete Lectures;
and Prose Poems.
INGHAM, CHARLES CROMWELL,
artist, was born in 1796, in Ireland. He
was one of the founders of the National
academy of design, and was its vice-
president from 1845 to 1850. Besides his
portraits he painted a few ideal compo
sitions, among them may be mentioned,
The White Plume; Scene from Don Juan;
and Day Dreams. He died Dec. 10, 1863,
in New York city.
INGHAM, MARY BIGELOW, educator,
author, was born March 10, 1832, in Mans
field. Ohio. She received her education
at the Norwalk sem-
fif jf. inary, Ohio; the
^A Baldwin institute of
\^ liorea. Ohio; and re
ceived the degree of
Mistress of Liberal
Arts from the Wo
man's college of
Ohio. She has been
corresponding secre
tary of the Cincin
nati branch of the
Woman's Foreign
Missionary society;
a leader in the woman's temperance cru
sade of 1874; and a founder of the Na
tional Woman's Christian Temperance
union; and its first treasurer. She was
a founder of the Cleveland school of art,
and secretary for years of its board of
trustees. She was president of the
woman's department of the Cleveland
centennial commission; and the author of
Women of Cleveland and Their WorK.
In early life she was engaged in educa
tional work; and has always contributed
extensively to newspapers and maga
zines.
INGHAM. SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 5, 1793. in
Hebron, Conn. From 1827 to 1835 he was.
state's attorney for the county of Middle
sex, and again in 1843 and 1844. He was.
a judge of probate from 1829 to 1833; and
judge of the Middlesex county court from
1849 to 1853. He was a representative in
congress from Connecticut from 1835 to
1839. He also served a number of years
in the senate and house of representa
tives of Connecticut; three years as
speaker, and was one year clerk of the
house. In 1854 he was a candidate for the '
office of United States senator, and re
ceived the entire vote of his party in the
legislature, but Senator Foster was elect
ed. In 1857 he was appointed commis
sioner of customs. He died Nov. 10, 1881,
in Essex, Conn.
INGHAM, SAMUEL DULUCENNA,
lawyer, legislator, congressman, was born
Sept. 16. 1779, in Pennsylvania. He
served three years in the Pennsylvania
legislature; and held for a time the office
of prothonotary to one of the courts of
that state. He w'as a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1813 ta
1818, and from 1822 to 1829; and was then
appointed by President Jackson secretary
of the treasury. He died June 5, 1860, in
Trenton, N. J.
INGLEHART, MRS. FRANCES, au
thor, was born in Texas. She is a writer
of Austin, Texas, and the author of Face
to Face with the Mexicans.
INGLIS. DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born June 8, 1825, in Scotland. He
was a presbyterian clergyman of Brook
lyn who published Systematic Theology
in Relation to Modern Thought. He
died Dec. 15, 1877, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
INGLIS. JOHN AUCHINCLOSS. law
yer, jurist, was born Aug. 26, 1813, in Bal
timore, Md. He moved to Baltimore, Md.,
in 1870, and accepted a professorship in
the law department of the university of
Maryland. in 1874 he was appointed
judge of the orphan's court, and he was
re-elected in 18 1 5. He died Aug. 26, 1878r
in Baltimore, Md.
INGRAHAM, DANIEL PHOENIX, jur
ist, was born April 22, 1804, in New York
city. He was elected a justice of the
supreme court of New York in 1857; and
in 1870 he was presiding justice of the su
preme court of the first district in New
York. He died Dec. 12, 1881.
INGRAHAM, DUNCAN NATHANIEL,
naval officer, was born Dec. 6, 1802, in
Charleston, S. C. He served in every war
since the revolution; and attained the
rank of commodore; and was said to be
the last survivor of those that entered the
navy in 1812. He died Oct. 16, 1891. in
Charleston, S. C.
INGRAHAM, EDWARD DUNCAN,
lawyer, author, was born in 1793, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a lawyer of
Philadelphia, and the author of English
Ecclesiastical Reports; and A View of the
Insolvent Laws of Pennsylvania. He died
Nov. 4, 1854, in Philadelphia, Pa.
INGRAHAM, JOSEPH HOLT, clergy
man, author, was born in 1809, in Port
land, Maine. He was an episcopal clergy
man of Holly Springs, Miss. He was the
author of Lafitte: the Pirate of the Gulf;
Captain Kyd; and The Dancing Feather.
The Southwest, by a Yankee, was another
work of this period. He entered the epis
copal ministry in 1855, and afterward
wrote three religions romances as popu
lar as the others, and almost as valueless.
They are. The Prince of the House m
David; The Pillar of Fire; and The
Throne of David. He died December,
1860, in Holly Springs, Miss.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN
BIOGRAPHV.
519
INGRAHAM, PRENTISS, soldier, au
thor, dramatist, was born Dec. 28, 1843
in Mississippi. He received a liberal edu
cation, and during the war was a cavalry
officer in the confederate army; and sub
sequently was an officer of the army and
navy in foreign service. He has attained
success as an author and dramatist.
Since his first story appeared in the Lit
erary Companion, Colonel Prentiss In-
graham has written stories of love and
adventure, and sea and land, holding
through all these years his popularity
with the public. His principal works are
A Story of Crete; The Cuban Patriot;
An Idyl of the Lost Cause; A Man in
Gray; A Prince of the Desert; and many
sketcnes of American border life.
INMAN, JOHN HAMILTON, manufac
turer, merchant, financier, was born Oct.
, 1844, in Jefferson county, Tenn. In
1867 he organized the now internation
ally well known house of Inman, Swann
and Co., and has been the presiding
genius of that firm to the present time.
He is several times a millionaire, and the
foremost southerner in New York city.
INMAN. JOHN O'BRIEN, artist was
born June 10, 1828, in New York city.
Some of his best works represent Roman
peasants. Among his paintings are Sunny
Thoughts; and View of Assisi.
INNES, HARRY, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1762, in Caroline county, Va. In
1783 he was chosen judge of the supreme
court for the district of Kentucky; in
1785 and 1787 was attorney-general of
that state; and was judge of the United
States district court for Kentucky from
1787 until his death. In 1791 he was one
of the local board of war to call out the
militia on expeditions against the Indians.
He died Sept. 20, 1816, in Frankfort, Ky.
INNESS, GEORGE, landscape painter,
was born May 1, 1825, in Newbury, N. Y.
Among his pictures are The Sign of
Promise; Peace and Plenty; A Vision
of Faith; and Passing Storm.
INNESS, GEORGE, artist, was born
Jan. 5, 1854, in Paris, France. He has at
tained national eminence as a successful
landscape painter of Montclair, N. J.
INSKIP, JOHN SWANNELL, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 10, 1816, in
England. He was a methodist clergyman
who was a noted camp-meeting conduc
tor, and the author of Life of Rev. Wil
liam Summers; Methodism Explained
and Defended; and Remarkable Display
of the Mercy of God. He died March 7,
1884, in Ocean Grove, N. J.
IRBY, JOHN LAURENS MANNING,
planter, lawyer, United Slates senator,
was born Sept. 10, 1854, in Laurens, S. C.
He was appointed
lieutenant-coionel in
South Carolina vol
unteers in 1877; and
has been a large
planter since he re
tired from the bar.
He was elected to
the state house of
representatives of
South Carolina in
1886; and re-elected
in 1888 and 1890;
and was unanimous
ly elected speaker in the latter year. He
was elected to the United States senate
as a democrat Dec. 11, 1890, for the full
term commencing March 4, 1891.
IREDELL, JAMES, jurist, was born
Oct. 5, 1750, in England. In 1790 he re-
•eived his appointment as associate jus
tice of the supreme court of the United
btat.es. He died Oct. 20, 1799, in Edenton,
1 N . lrt
IREDELL, JAMES, lawyer, author
governor, was born in 1788, in Edenton,
N. C. He was a lawyer of Raleigh who
was governor of North Carolina in 1827
He was the author of Laws of North Caro
lina; North Carolina Reports; Equity Re
ports; Law of Executors; and Digest of
Reported Cases. He died April 13, 1853,
in Edenton, N. C.
IRELAND, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, governor, was born Jan. 1 1827 in
Hart county, Ky. In 1862 he entered the
confederate army as a private soldier;
served throughout the war, rising to the
rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1866 he
was elected a delegate to the state con
stitutional convention of that year; and
in the summer of the same year was elect
ed judge of the second judicial district
of Texas. In 1872 he was elected a rep
resentative in the state legislature: in
1873 was elected a state senator; and in
1875 was appointed an associate judge of
the state supreme court. In 1882 he was
unanimously nominated a candidate for
governor of Texas and was elected; and
in 1884 was renominated, and was re-
elected governor.
IRELAND, JOHN, bishop, author was
born Sept. 11. 1838, in Ireland. He served
as chaplain of the fifth Minnesota regi
ment during the civil war. He was af
terward appointed rector of the cathedral
of St. Paul, which position he held until
his consecration as coadjutor bishop. He
has founded a colony of Roman catholics
in Minnesota; and for many years has
been president of the State Historical so
ciety of Minnesota. He is an able ora
tor and writer upon educational themes;
and the author of Church and Modern
Society.
IRELAND, JOSEPH NORTON, mer
chant, author, was born April 24, 1817 in
New York city. This successful mer
chant wrote Records of New York Stage
from 1850 to 1860; Memories of Mrs
Duff; Professional Life of Thomas A.
Cooper; and Monographs of Actors and
Actresses of Great Britain and America.
IRELAND, MARY E., author, poet, was
born in Cecil county, Md. She is the au
thor of a novel entitled Timothy His
Neighbors and His Friends, a volume of •
short stories; and a volume of poems.
Since 1884 she has published several vol
umes of translations.
IRION, ALFRED BRIGGS, lawyer, ju
rist, state legislator, congressman, was
born Feb. 18, 1833, in Avoyelles parish,
La. In 1864 he was elected a representa
tive in the state legislature. In 1879 six
new judicial circuits were established, by
an act of the legislature, the tribunals
for which were styled Circuit Courts of
Appeal; and in 1880 he was elected one
of the judges for the third district, for
the term of four years. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from Louisiana
to the forty-ninth congress as a demo
crat.
IRISH, FRANK V., educator, author,
was born Nov. 7, 1848, in Potsdam, N. Y.
He was professor of rhetoric and literature
for three years in the Ohio Normal uni
versity of Ada; and filled the same posi
tion for three years in the State Normal
school of Lock Haven, Pa. He is the au
thor of American and British Authors;
The Treasured Thoughts; Orthography
and Orthoepy; Grammar and Analysis by
Diagrams; and various other works.
IRVIN, ALEXANDER, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1847 to 1849.
IRVIN, JAMES, congressman, was
born Feb. 18, 1800, in Centre county, Pa.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1841 to 1845. He died
Nov. 28, 1862, in Centre county, Pa.
IRVIN, WILLIAM W., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
in 1778 in Albemarle county, Va. He
was a member of the state legislature of
Ohio; judge of the supreme court of the
state; and was a representative in con
gress from Ohio from 1829 to 1833. He
died April 19, 1842, in Lancaster, Ohio.
IRVINE, CHRISTOPHER, pioneer. In
1786 Christopher led a company of men,
under the command of Colonel Ben Lo
gan, against the Indians in northern Ohio
and was killed by a savage whom he was
pursuing and who, in turn, was killed by
Irvine's men. He died in 1786 in Ohio.
IRVINE, JAMES, soldier, state sena
tor, was born Aug. 4, 1735, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He served with distinction
through the revolutionary war. He was
made a brigadier-general of the militia
in 1777; and in 1782 he was commissioned
major-general of the Pennsylvania mili
tia, which office he held until 1793. Dur
ing 1785-86 he served in the general as
sembly; and during 1795-99 was a state
senator. He died April 28, 1819, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
IRVINE, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the thirty-sixth congress. He
died in 1820.
IRVINE, WILLIAM, soldier, surgeon,
congressman, was born Nov. 3, 1741, in
Ireland. He served as surgeon on boaru
a British ship, in the war which began in
1754, and after the peace of 1763, settled
at Carlisle, Pa. He was promoted to the
command of the second Pennsylvania
regiment. In 1781 the defense of the
northwestern frontier was intrusted to
him, and he attained the rank of major-
general. He was a representative in con
gress from 1793 to 1795. He moved short
ly after to Philadelphia, and was appoint
ed superintendent of military stores. He
died July 29, 1804, in Philadelphia, Pa.
IRVING, JOHN BEAUFAIN, artist, was
born Nov. 26, 1825, in Charleston, S. C.
He painted genre pictures, which attract
ed attention by their spirited composi
tion, richness of coloring, and elaborate
finish. In 1867 he exhibited at the acade
my of design The Splinter; and The Dis
closure. Wine-Tasters, exhibited in 1869,
secured his election as an associate of the
National academy. In 1871 he sent a full-
length portrait of Mrs. August Belmont.
The End of the Game, exhibited in 1872,
established his reputation, and in that
year he was chosen a full member of the
academy. He died April 20, 1877, in
New York city.
IRVING. JOHN TREAT, JR., lawyer,
author, was born Dec. 2, 1812, in New
York city. He is a lawyer of New York
city, and the author
of Indian Sketches;
Hawk Chief; The
Attorney; Harry
Harson; and The
Van Gelder Papers.
He was a nephew of
Washington Irving.
He has attained high
rank as one of the
foremost lawyers of
New York city;
and besides his pub
lished works has
contributed extensively valuable articles
to current publications on law and secu
lar topics.
620
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
IRVING, PETER, journalist, author,
was born Oct. 30, 1771, in New York city.
He was a journalist of New York city,
who published Giovanni Sbogarra, a Ve
netian Tale. He died June 27, 1838, in
New York city.
IRVING, PIERRE MUNROE, author,
was born in 1803, in New York. He was
the author of a Life of Washington Ir
ving. He died Feb. 11, 1836, in New York
city.
IRVING. ROLAND DUER, educator,
author, was born April 27, 1847, in New
York city. He has been a professor of ge
ology in the university of Wisconsin
from 18«0 and is the author of Geology of
Central Wisconsin; Geology of Lake Su
perior; and Copper-Bearing Rocks of
Lake Superior.
IRVING, THEODORE, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born May 9, 1809, in
New York city. He was an episcopal
clergyman and educator, and the author
of The Fountain of Living Waters; Tiny
Footfalls; More than Conqueror; and The
History of De Soto's Conquest of Florida,
He died Dec. 20, 1880, in New York city.
IRVING, WASHINGTON, author, was
born April 3, 1783, in New York city. He
was the most popular of the earlier Amer
ican writers of the
nineteenth centu
ry. Diedrich Knick
erbocker's History
of New York, one
by which he will
be longest remem
bered, appeared in
1809. Irving spent
the years from 1815
to 1832 abroad, a
portion of the time
as secretary of the
United States lega
tion at London, and from 1842 to 1846 as
minister to Spain. The rest of his life
was spent at his home in Tarrytown on
the Hudson. His writings not already
named include The Sketch Book; Brace-
bridge Hall; Tales of a Traveller; Life
and Voyages of Columbus; Conquest of
Grenada; The Companions of Columbus;
The Alhambra; Crayon Miscellanies; As
toria; Adventures of Captain Bonneville;
Life of Oliver Goldsmith: Mahomet and
his Successors; Wolfert's Roost; Life of
Washington; and Spanish Papers. He
died Nov. 28, 1859, in Irvington, N. Y.
IRVING, WILLIAM, merchant, con
gressman, author, was born Aug. 16, 1766,
in New York city. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1813 to 1819. He
was a brother of Washington Irving, for
whose Salmagundi he wrote several
poems and essays. He died Nov. 9, 1821,
in New York city.
IRWIN, CHARLES F., lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, was born May 5, 1828, in Fay-
ette, N. Y. He was elected judge of El
dorado county, Cal., in 186V; was twice
re-elected, holding the position for twelve
years. In 1883-84 he served with distinc
tion as a member of the assembly of the
California state legislature; and in 1885
was elected district attorney.
IRWIN, G. M., educator, clergyman,
was born Nov. 11, 1835, in Zanesville,
Ohio. He graduated from the Ohio Wes-
leyan university, and received the degrees
of A. M. and D. D. He has become an
eminent minister of the methodist epis
copal church; and during the civil war
served as chaplain. He is now state su
perintendent of public instruction for Or
egon. For many years he was president
of the Blue Mountain university of Ore
gon; and was the superintendent of the
I'nited States Indian industrial school of
Salem.
IRWIN, JARED, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1813 to 1817.
IRWIN, JARED, soldier, state legisla
tor, governor, was born in 1750, in Meck
lenburg county, N. C. During the latter
part of the revolutionary war he was ac
tively employed against the lories and
Indians. At the close of the war he was
a member of the state legislature, and of
the convention which adopted the United
States constitution in 1789. He was gov
ernor of the state from 1796 to 1798; and
president of the state constitutional con
vention in 1798. He was many years a
member, and president of the state sen
ate; and was again governor from 1806
to 1809. He died March 1, 1818, in Wash
ington county, Ga.
IRWIN, JOHN, naval officer, was born
April 15, 1832, in Pennsylvania. He was
commissioned midshipman in 1847. passed
midshipman in 1853, lieutenant in 1855,
captain in 1875, and commodore in 1886.
He was on duty in California, and was
promoted rear admiral in 1891.
IRWIN, JOHN ARTHUR, physician,
surgeon, author, was born June 17, 1853,
in Ireland. He has been house surgeon
to the Manchester Southern Hospital for
Women and Children. He is the author
of a work, Hydrotheraty at Saratoga, a
treatise on natural mineral waters, and
other works.
IRWIN, JOHN N., governor. He was
appointed governor of the territory of
Idaho for the term of four years from
1883.
IRWIN, JOHN SCULL, physician,
banker, was born April 4. 1825, in Pitts-
burg, Pa. This eminent physician has
been prominent in the welfare and sub
stantial upbuilding of Fort Wayne, Ind.
IRWIN, MASON, lawyer, jurist, was
born Feb. 19, 1850, in Juniata county, Pa.
For nine years he practiced law in Penn
sylvania and the state of Washington;
and was then elected judge of the supe
rior court of four counties in the state
of Washington, which position he has
held since 1890.
IRWIN, NATHANIEL, clergyman, was
born Oct. 17, 1756, in Flagg's Manor, Pa.
He was ordained to the presbyterian min
istry in 1774, and was pastor of the Nes-
haminy church, Bucks county, Pa., from
that year until his death. He was clerk
of the old synod in 1781-85, and modera
tor of the general assembly in 1801. He
died March 3, 1812, in Bucks county, Pa.
IRWIN, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born teb. 22, 1785, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1829 to
1831; and in the latter year was appoint
ed United States judge of the western dis
trict of Pennsylvania. He died May 14
1870, in Pittsburg, Pa.
IRWIN, WILLIAM, journalist, state
senator, governor, was born in 1827, in
Butler county, Ohio. He served several
times in the California state legislature;
and when a vacancy occurred in the gov
ernorship in February, 1875, he was chos
en president of the senate, and acting
lieutenant-governor. At the ensuing
election he was elected governor of Cali
fornia. He died in San Francisco, Cal.
IRWIN. WILLIAM W., congressman,
was born In Pennsylvania. He was a
member of congress from Pennsylvania
from 1841 to 1843; and from 1843 to 1847
was charge d'affaires of the United States
to Denmark. He died Sept. 15, 1856, in
Pittsburg, Pa.
ISAAC, MYER S., lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born in 1841, in New York. In
1880 he was appointed judge of the ma
rine court of New York city. He is the
author of The Persecution of the Jews
in Roumania; The Jewish Question in
Russia; and American Israelites.
ISAACS, SAMUEL MYER, clergyman,
journalist, was born Jan. 4, 1804, in Hol
land. He was a popular speaker, and was
often called to consecrate synagogues
throughout the country, and was a fre
quent orator at public assemblies. In 1857
he established the Jewish Messenger, as
an organ of conservative Judaism. He
died May 19, 1878, in New York city.
ISACKS, JACOB C., congressman, was
born in Montgomery county, Pa. He was
a representative in congress from Tennes
see from 1823 to 1833.
ISHAM, ASA BRAINERD, soldier, phy
sician, educator, author, was born July
12, 1844, in Jackson C. H., Ohio. During
1862-65 he served in the civil war as first
lieutenant of the seventh Michigan vol
unteer cavalry. From 1879-85 he was pro
fessor of materia medica and therapeutics
in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and
Surgery. He is the author of Prisoners
of War and Military Prisons; Historical
Sketch of Seventh Michigan Volunteer
Cavalry; and has been a large contribu
tor of medical and war literature.
ISHAM, EDWARD SWIFT, ' lawyer,
state legislator, was born Jan. 15, 1836,
in Bennington, Vt. In 1864 he was elect
ed to the state legislature from Illinois.
ISHAM, JIRAH, soldier, lawyer, jurist,
was born in May, 1778, in Colchester,
Conn. From 1840 till his death he was
judge of probate for New London dis
trict. During the war of 1812 with Great
Britain he commanded at the bombard
ment of Stonington. He died Oct. 6,
1842, in New London, Conn.
ISHAM, PIERREPONT, lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 5, 1802, in Manchester, Vt.
From 1851-57 he was one of the judges of
the supreme court of Vermont. He died
May 8, 1872, in New York city.
ISLER, ARNOLD HENRY, soldier,
journalist, author, poet, was born in 1848,
in Switzerland. He served in the twen
ty-third Ohio infantry throughout the
war as a private scout, spy, and color-
bearer. Since 1872 he has been engaged
in journalism; and since 1886 has been
the literary editor of the Cincinnati En
quirer. He is the author of a volume of
stories and humorous sketches; and a
volume of poems entitled Wild Thoughts
in Rhyme.
ISRAEL, DAVID, jurist, was born Nov.
2, 1848, in Donaldsonville, La. He has
been mayor of the city of his nativity
for five terms; and since 1893 has been
judge of the fourth ward justice court.
ITTNER, ANTHONY, state senator,
congressman, was born Oct. 8, 1837, in
Lebanon, Ohio. He was elected to the
city council of St. Louis, Mo., in 1867; and
re-elected in 1868. He was elected to the
state house of representatives in 1868;
and was elected state senator in 1870, and
re-elected in 1874: was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the forty-nfth
congress as a republican.
IVERSON, ALFRED, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Dec. 3, 1798. in Burke county, Ga.
He served three years as a member of the
house of representatives and one year as
senator in the legislature of Georgia. He
was twice elected judge of the supreme
court. He was elected a representative
to the thirtieth congress; and in 1854 was
elected to tHe United States senate for
six years from 1855. He died March 4,
1873, in Macon, Ga.
HERRINOSHAWS KNCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
521
IVES, ALICE EMMA, dramatist, au
thor, was born in Detroit, Mich. She has
attained prominence as a dramatist, and
is the author of The Great Brooklyn Han
dicap; and her play entitled Lorine has
been starred by Frederick Paulding.
IVES, BRAYTON, railroad president
was born in 1841, in Farmington, Conn.'
Since 1893 he has been president of the
Northern Pacific railroad.
IVES, CHARLES JOHN, railroad presi
dent, was born Oct. 4, 1831, in Walling-
ford, Vt. He has served as general freight
and passenger agent and president of the
Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern
railroad.
IVES, CHARLES LINN.EUS, educator
physician, author, was born June 22 1831*
in New Haven, Conn. He began practice
in New Haven in 1856, and in 1868-73 was
professor of theory and practice of medi
cine in Yale. He is the author of an ar
ticle on Prophylaxis of Phthisis Pulmo-
nalis, and a prize essay on the Therapeu
tic Value of Mercury and its Preparations,
both published by the Connecticut Medi
cal society.
IVES, HALSEY COOLEY, educator
artist, was born Oct. 27, 1846, in Mon-
tour Falls, N. Y. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the public
schools of his native city, at the techni
cal schools of South Kensington, London
England; and has studied at the various'
schools of art abroad. He has been a
member of the faculty of the Washington
university; a director in the St. Louis
School of Fine Arts; and director in the
Museum of Fine Arts of St. Louis, Mo.
He has been sent abroad by the govern
ment as commissioner three times; was
entrusted with the formation of the de
partment of fine arts at the World's Co
lumbian exposition, and was chief of the
department from its inception to its fin
ish. He has produced finished pictures
of nature, which have been exhibited
each year; in 1893 he was presented a
medal by the French commission to the
World's Columbian exposition; and re
ceived a silver medal in 1894 from the
French government in recognition of ser
vices to art.
IVES, LEVI, physician, journalist was
born in 1750. He was a skillful practi
tioner, a founder of the New Haven Medi
cal society, and one of the editors of
Cases and Observation, which was reput
ed to be the first medical journal that was
published in the United States. He died
Oct. 17, 1826. in New Haven, Conn.
IVES. LEVI SILLIMAN, bishop au
thor, was born Sept. 16, 1797, in Meriden,
Conn. He was the second protestant epis
copal bishop of North Carolina, consecra
ted in 1832 and deposed in 1853, he hav
ing become a Roman catholic at the close
of 1852. After that period he lectured in
convents of the Sacred Heart. He was
the author of Trials of a Mind in its Prog
ress to Catholicism; The Obedience of
Faith; Manual of Devotion; and Humil
ity a Ministerial Qualification. He died
Oct. 13, 1867, in New York city.
IVES, WILLARD, farmer, congress
man, was born July 7, 1806, in Water-
town, N. Y. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1851 to
1853.
IVINS, HORACE FREMONT, lecturer,
journalist, author, was born Oct. 30, 1856,
in Bucks county, Pa. He is a lecturer on
laryngology and otology in Hahnemanu
Medical college. He is laryngological ed
itor of the Journal of Ophthalmology,
Otology, and Laryngology of New York;
and is the author of a text-book entitled
Diseases of the Nose and Throat.
IVISON, HENRY, publisher, was born
Dec. 23, 1808, in Glasgow, Scotland. In
) he established the publishing house
of Ivison and Company in Auburn, N. Y.;
and in 1846 moved his business to New
York city. His house made a specialty
of publishing educational works, and be
came well known throughout the United
States. He died Nov. 26, 1884, in New
York city.
IZARD, GEORGE, soldier, engineer,
governor, author, was born Oct. 21, 1776,'
in London, England. On the breaking out
of the war of 1812 he was appointed colo
nel of second artillery; brigadier-general
in 1813; major-general in 1814; and dis
banded in 1815. He was governor of Ark
ansas territory from 1825 until his death.
He published Official Correspondence witn
the War Department in 1814 and 1815.
He was the son of Ralph Izard. He died
Oct. 22, 1828, in Little Rock, Ark.
IZARD, MARK W., governor. He was
appointed governor of the territory of Ne
braska in 1854, and remained in office un
til 1857.
IZARD, RALPH, diplomat, statesman,
was born in 1742, near Charleston, S. C.
He was a delegate to the continental con
gress in 1782 and 1783; United States sen
ator from 1789 to 1795; and president of
the senate pro tern, during the first ses
sion of the third congress. He died May
30. 1804, near Charleston, S. C.
IZLAR, JAMES F., soldier, lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born Nov. 25, 1832,
in Orangeburg county, S. C. He was a
graduate of Emory college. He served
as an officer in the confederate army;
was state senator for ten years, and was
for eight years, during his service in the
senate, the president' pro tempore of that
body. In 1889 he was elected by the gen
eral assembly judge of the first judicial
circuit, and serve'd as such until 1894,
when he was elected to congress. He has
always been an uncompromising demo
crat, and for a number of years was the
chairman of the state democratic execu
tive committee. He was a delegate to the
national democratic convention of 1884.
He was elected to the fifty-third congress
as a democrat to fill a vacancy, and took
his seat in congress April 5, 1894.
JACK. WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1841 to 1843.
JACKSON, ABNER, clergyman, college
president, was born Nov. 4, 1811, in Wash
ington, Pa. In 1858 Dr. Jackson accepted
an election to the presidency and the pro
fessorship of the evidences of Christian
ity at Hobart college, Geneva, N. Y. From
this post he was recalled to Trinity in
1867, the trustees having unanimously
chosen him to be president. He died
April 19, 1874, in Hartford, Conn.
JACKSON, ABRAHAM REEVES, sur
geon, author, was born in 1827, in Penn
sylvania. He is a noted surgeon of Chi
cago, who has published many valuable
professional papers.
JACKSON, ABRAHAM WILLARD.
clergyman, author, was born in 1842, in
Maine. He is a Unitarian clergyman who
was formerly a pastor in New Hampshire
and California, but has since devoted
himself to study and literary work at
Concord, Mass. He is the author of The
Immanent God. and Other Essays.
JACKSON. ALBERT EVERETT, bank
er, legislator, was born Sept. 23. 1860, in
Wabash, Ind. He represented his state
from the fiftieth district as a member of
the state legislature. He is also a suc
cessful banker of Wabash, Ind.
JACKSON, ANDREW, seventh presi
dent of the United States, was born
March 15, 1767, in Washaw, Lancaster
county, S. C., and re
ceived a common
English education.
Andrew, like George
Washington, fought
in the revolutionary
war, joining a com
pany of volunteers
at the age of four
teen. In 1784 he be
gan the study of
law at Salisbury, N.
C., and was soon af
ter appointed so
licitor for that portion of the state
now known as Tennessee. In 1791 ne
married Mrs. Rachel Robarts a wom
an who had been divorced from her
husband. In 1795 he was a mem-
of the convention that formed
the state constitution of Tennessee and
was elected the first representative of
that state in congress. He was soon af
ter elected United States senator and
took his seat in November, 1797 He re
signed his seat as senator in 1798 and
was elected judge of the supreme court of
lennessee, which position he held until
1804. When the United States declared
war against Great Britain in 1812 Jackson
entered the army, and in 1814 he re
ceived the appointment of major-general
He continued in the army, fighting the
British and Indians, until 1818, and then
resigned his commission. In 1821 Presi
dent Monroe appointed him governor of
the territory of Florida, and in 1823 he
was elected to the United States senate.
J he was an unsuccessful candidate
for the presidency, but successful in 1828
and was inaugurated March 4 1829 He
was re-elected in 1832, anu took the oath
of office a second time March 4, 1833 At
the close of his administration March 4
1837, he retired to the Hermitage in Ten
nessee, and died on the 8th day 'of June
1845. Jackson held office— judicial, politi
cal and military— in all about twenty-five
years. He died tolerably well off. His
famous toast was: Our union— it must
be preserved.
JACKSON, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist
author, was born May 31, 1775, in New-'
buryport. Mass. He was a jurist of Bos
ton who published a valued Treatise on
Real Actions. He died Dec. 13, 1855 in
Boston, Mass.
JACKSON, CHARLES, governor, was
born in 1797. He was governor of Rhode
Island for one year, beginning with 1845.
He died Jan. 21, 1876, in Providence, R. I.
JACKSON, CHARLES DAVIS, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 15, 1811, in
Salem, Mass. He was an episcopal cler
gyman of Westchester, N. Y., in 1843-71,
whose only published work is Suffering
Here and Glory Hereafter. He died June
28, 1871, in Westchester, N. Y.
JACKSON, CHARLES LORING, chem
ist, author, was born April 4, 1847, in
Boston, Mass. He discovered in 1883-84 a
new method for the preparation of bor-
neol from camphor, which is considered
the best method that has been found as
yet. His Lecture Notes in Cnemistry
has been printed privately.
JACKSON, CHARLES THOMAS, scien
tist, author, was born June 21, 1805, in
Plymouth, Mass. He was a Boston scien
tist whose laboratory for research in ana
lytical chemistry was the first of its kind
in the United States. He was the au
thor of Report on the Geology of Maine;
Mineral Lands in Michigan; and Manual
of Etherization. He died Aug. 28, 1880,
in Somerville, Mass.
522
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JACKSON, CLAlBORNE FOX. soldier,
governor, was born April 4. 1807, in
Fleming county, Ky. He served as cap
tain in the Black Hawk war; and served
for twelve years in the Kentucky state
legislature, for a time as speaker. In 1860
he was elected governor of Missouri. He
left the state on the approach of the fed
eral army, and was deposed by a state
convention. He afterward served for a
short time as a general in the confederate
army. He died Dec. 6, 1862, in Little
Rock, Ark.
JACKSON, CONRAD FAEGER, soldier,
was born Sept. 11, 1813, in Pennsylvania.
In 1862 he was made brigadier-general,
and commanded the third brigade of Mc-
Call's division, participated in the battles
of South Mountain and Antietam, and was
killed at Fredericksburg while at the head
of the column of attack. He died Dec.
13, 1862, in Fredericksburg, Va.
JACKSON, DAVID, physician, con
gressman, was born about 1747, in Ches
ter county, Pa. He was a delegate from
Pennsylvania to the continental congress
from 1785 to 1786. He died in 1801. in
Philadelphia, Pa.
JACKSON, DAVID S., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1847 to 1848.
JACKSON. EBENEZER, JR., congress
man, was born in Connecticut. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1834 to 1835, to fill a vacancy.
JACKSON. EDWARD B., congressman,
was born in Harrison county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1820 to 1823, to fill a va
cancy. He died Sept. 8, 1826.
JACKSON, EDWARD PAYSON, educa
tor, author, w'as born March 15, 1840, in
Turkey. He is an educator of Boston,
and master in the Latin school from 1877.
He is the author of Mathematic Geogra
phy; A Demigod, a novel; The Earth in
Space; and Character Building.
JACKSON, ELIHU E., governor, was
born Nov. 3, 1837, in Wicomico county,
Md. In 1887 ne was elected governor of
Maryland.
JACKSON. EMILY, was born in Ten
nessee. She presided in the white house
during the administration of President
Jackson, who always spoke of her as my
daughter. She died in December, 1836, in
Tennessee.
JACKSON. FRANCIS, reformer, au
thor, was born March 7, 1789, in Newton,
Mass. He was a prominent reformer who
was president of the Anti-Slavery socie
ty for many years, and published a His
tory of Newton, Mass. He died Nov. 14,
1861. in Boston. Mass.
JACKSON, FRANK WATTERSON, ed
ucator, was born June 6, 1874, in Ohio
Pyle, Pa. He graduated from the Mount
Pleasant institute of Pennsylvania, and
received the three-hundred-dollar cash
prize for the best preparation for college.
He then attended Bucknell university and
the university of Chicago. He fills the
chair of Greek in the Mount Pleasant in
stitute; and contributes extensively to
current literature.
JACKSON. GEORGE ANSON. clergy
man, author, was born in 1846, in Massa
chusetts. He is a congregational clergy
man of Swampscott, Mass., and the au
thor of The Son of a Prophet, an histori
cal novel; Apostolic Fathers; Fathers of
the Second Century; Post-Nicene Greek
Fathers: and Post-Nicene Latin Fathers,
four works which form a series of early
Christian literature primers.
JACKSON. GEORGE THOMAS, derma
tologist, author, was born in 1852, in New
York. He is a noted dermatologist of New
York city, and the author of Diseases of
the Hair and Scalp; Baldness; and Hand
book of Diseases of the Skin.
JACKSON, HANCOCK, governor. _He
was acting governor of Missouri in 1857.
JACKSON, MRS. HELEN (FISKE)
(HUNT), novelist, poet, was born Oct. 18,
1831, in Amherst, Mass. She was a novel
ist and poet whose greatest achievement
is Ramona, a powerful romance of Indian
life in southern California. To her is
usually attributed the authorship of the
Saxe Holme stories. Her other works in
clude, Verses; Bits of Travel; Bits of
Talk; A Century of Dishonor; Bits of
Talk in Verse and Prose; Bits of Travel
at Home; The Story of Boon, a Poem;
Sonnets and Lyrics; Nelly's Silver Mine;
Cat Stories; Mercy Philbrick's Choice;
Hetty's Strange History; Zeph; Glimpses
of Three Coasts; Between Whiles, a col
lection of short stories; The Procession
of Flowers in Colorado: and Condition
and Needs of the Mission Indians of Cali
fornia (with K. Abbot), bhe died Aug.
12, 1885, in San Francisco. Cal.
JACKSON, HENRY, soldier, was born
in October, 1747, in Boston, Mass. He
commanded the fourth Massachusetts reg
iment, and was major-general of Massa
chusetts militia from 1772 till 1796. He
died Jan. 4, 1809, in Boston, Mass.
JACKSON, HENRY, educator, public-
official, was born in 1778, in England. He
was professor of mathematics and natural
philosophy in the university of Georgia
from 1811 to 1814, and from 1817 to 1828.
He was secretary of legation to France
under William H. Crawford, minister;
and on his return, and the appointment
of Gallatin to France, he remained in the
legation as charge d'affaires until 1817.
He died April 26, 1840. near Athens, Ga.
JACKSON. HENRY, clergyman, author,
was born June 16, 1798, in Providence, R.
I. He was a founder and trustee of New
ton (Mass.) Theological seminary. He
published Account of the Churches of
Rhode Island; and Anniversary Discourse
before the Central Baptist Church, New
port. He died March 2, 1863, in East
Greenwich, R. I.
JACKSON. HENRY ROOTES, soldier,
lawyer, was born June 24, 1820. in Ath
ens, Ga. He served in the civil war and
attained the rank of brigadier-general.
He was confederate judge for Georgia in
1861; and United States minister to Mex
ico in 1885 and 1887.
JACKSON, HOWELL EDMUNDS, asso
ciate justice of the supreme court of the
United States, was born April 8, 1832. in
Paris, Tenn. He' removed to Memphis.
Tenn., in 1859; was twice appointed a
judge of the state supreme court. He re
turned to Jackson in 1876; and was elect
ed a representative in the state legisla
ture in 1880. He was elected a senator of
the United States from Tennessee for the
term of six years from 1881; and in 1886
was appointed United States district
judge for the western district of Tennes
see; and in 1893 became an associate jus
tice.
JACKSON, HUGH, lawyer, legislator,
was born Feb. 2, 1851, in Chambers coun
ty, Tex. He is a successful lawyer of
Beaumont, Tex.; and was elected a mem
ber of the Texas state legislature in 1897.
JACKSON, ISAAC W., educator, au
thor, was born in 1805, in New York. He
was an educator who was professor of
mathematics in Union college from 1826.
He was the author of Elements of Conic
Sections; and Treatise on Optics. He died
July 28, 1877, in Schenectady, N. Y.
JACKSON, J. HENRY, physician, sur
geon, educator, legislator, was born April
19, 1844, in Canada. Since 1882 he has
been professor of physiology in the medical
department in the university of Vermont.
He is a successful physician and surgeon
of Barre, Vt.; and was a representative
in the Vermont state legislature in 1878;
was United States examining surgeon for
pensions in 1884-88, and in 1892-96; and
in 1896 was the democratic candidate for
governor of the state of Vermont.
JACKSON. JABEZ. congressman, was
born in Georgia. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1836 to
1839.
JACKSON. JACOB B., lawyer, gover
nor, was born April 6, 1829, in Parkers-
burg, Va. He was commonwealth attor
ney for the county of Pleasants, and from
1871 to 1877 held the same position in the
county of Wood. He was a member of the
house" of delegates of West Virginia dur
ing the years 1875 and 1876; and in 1880
was elected governor of West Virginia for
the term of four years from 1881.
JACKSON. JAMES, soldier, lawyer,
governor. United States senator, was born
Sept. 21, 1757, in England. He was a mem
ber of the conven
tion which formed
the first constitution
of Georgia, was cho
sen a representative
in congress in 1789^
from Georgia; and
after the close of his
first term successful
ly contested the seat
of Anthony Wayne.
In 1793 he was cho
sen a senator, which
office he resigned in
1795. He was major-general of the Geor
gia militia; and was governor of the state-
from 1798 until his election as United
States senator in 1801. He died March 16,
1806. in Washington. D. C.
JACKSON. JAMES, physician, educa
tor, author, was born Oct. 3, 17 n, in New-
buryport. Mass. He was the first physi
cian of the Massachusetts general hos
pital at Boston, and professor of medi
cine at Harvard university from 1810 until
his death. He was the author of On the-
Brunonian System; Medical Effects of
Dentition; Syllabus of Lectures; Text-
Book of Lectures; and Letters to a Young
Physician. He died Aug. 27, 1863, in Bos
ton, Mass.
JACKSON, JAM^S, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Oct. 18, 1819, in Jef
ferson county. Ga. In 1842 he was elect
ed secretary of the senate of Georgia,
holding the office one year. In 1845 he
was elected to the state legislature, and
re-elected to the same position in 1847.
In 1849 he was chosen judge of the west
ern circuit of his state, and was elected
to the same office by the people in 1853.
and again in 1857. In June of that year
he was nominated for congress, resigning
his judgeship, and in October following
was elected a representative to the thir
ty-fifth congress. He was re-elected to
the thirty-sixth congress; resigned In
February, 1861; and returned 10 Georgia.
He died Jan. 13. 1887, in Atlanta, Ga.
JACKSON, JAMES CALEB, physician,
author, was born in 1811, in Manlius. N.
Y. He is the founder of a popular hydro
pathic institution at Dansville, and the
author of Hints on the Reproductive Or
gans; Consumption; Tobacco and Its
Effect; How to Treat the Sick without
Medicine; Dancing, its Evils and Bene
fits; American Womanhood; Training of
Children; Debilities of Our Boys; Christ
as a Physician; and Morning Watches.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
52S
JACKSON, JAMES STRESHLEY, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born Sept.
27, 1823, in Fayette county, Ky. He
served in the Mexican war as a captain
of volunteers. In 1861 he was elected a
representative from Kentucky to the thir
ty-seventh congress. While the rebel
lion was progressing he recruited a regi
ment of Kentucky cavalry, and was sub
sequently appointed a brigadier-general.
He was killed Oct. 8, 1862, in the battle
of Perryville, Ky.
JACKSON, JAMES W., railroad presi
dent, was born June 24, 1856, in Augusta,
Ga. Since 1893 he has been president of
the Augusta Southern railroad.
JACKSON, JOHN ADAMS, sculptor,
was born Nov. 5, 1825, in Bath. Maine.
His ideal productions are noted for cheir
anatomical accuracy and graceful treat
ment. These include Eve and the Dead
Abel; Autumn; Cupid Stringing his Bow;
Titania and Nick Bottom; The Culprit
Fay (many times repeated); Dawn (re
peated); Peace; Cupid on a Swan; and
The Morning Glory. He died Aug. 30,
1879, in Tuscany.
JACKSON, JOHN GEORGE, lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born in 1774, in
Virginia. He was a representative in con
gress from Virginia from 1795 to 1797,
from 1799 to 1810, and again from 1813
to 1817. He died March 29, 1825, in Clarks
burg, Va.
JACKSON, JOHN J., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 4, 1824, in
Parkersburg, Va. He was prosecuting at
torney for the county of Wirt, Va., from
1848 to 1854; and held the same position
in the county of Ritcnie from 1850 to
1852. In 1851 he was elected a represent
ative in the legislature of Virginia for a
term of two years; and was re-elected in
1853. In 1861 he was appointed judge of
the United States district court for the
western district of Virginia, now the dis
trict of West Virginia.
JACKSON, JOHN J., JR., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in Virginia. In 1861 he was
appointed United States judge for the dis
trict of West Virginia, residing at Par
kersburg.
JACKSON, JOHN KING, soldier, law
yer, was born Feb. 8, 1828, in Augusta,
Ga. He practiced law till the beginning
of the civil war. He then raised the first
Georgia infantry and the Augusta volun
teer battalion for the confederate army,
was made colonel of the fifth Georgia
regiment in 1861, and subsequently briga
dier-general. He died Feb. 27, 1866, in
Milledgeville, Ga.
JACKSON, JONATHAN, congressman,
was born June 4, 1743, in Boston, Mass.
He was a delegate to the continental con
gress in 1782; United States marshal from
1789 to 1791; treasurer of Massachusetts
from 1802 to 1806; and was treasurer of
Harvard college from 1807 until his death.
He died March 5, 1810, in Boston, Mass.
JACKSON. JOSEPH COOKE, soldier,
lawyer, was born Aug. 5, 1835, in New
ark, N. J. He was brevetted brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1865. At the close
of his term of service he was appointed
by the war department a commissioner of
the United States naval credits. In 1870
he was appointed assistant district attor
ney for the southern district of New
York.
JACKSON, JOSEPH W., state legislator,
congressman. He was frequently a mem
ber of the city council of Savannah; and
served a number of years in the state leg
islature. He was a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1850 to 1853. He
died Dec. 28, 1854, in Savannah, Ga.
JACKSON, MERCY BISBEE, physician,
was born Sept. 17, 1802, in Hardwick,
Mass. She was one of the pioneers in
all the reforms of female education, prov
ing by example that woman's sphere can
be complete, and yet rounded out beyond
the limits of housekeeping. She died Dec.
13, 1877, in Boston, Mass.
JACKSON, MICHAEL, soldier, was
born Dec. 18, 1734, in Newton, Mass. He
was colonel of the eighth Massachusetts
regiment of the continental line from
January, 1777. till the close of the war.
He died April 10, 1801, in Newton, Mass.
JACKSON, NATHANIEL JAMES, sol
dier, was born about 1825, in Newbury-
port, Mass. He was commissioned briga
dier-general of volunteers in 1862; and
served through the campaigns of Mc-
Clellau and Pope in Virginia, being
wounded at Gaines's Mills.
JACKSON, OSCAR L., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 2, 1840, in
Lawrence county. Pa. He served in the
union army from 1861 to 1865, entering
as captain, and receiving the promotions
of major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel
by brevet. He was district attorney from
1868 to 1871; was county solicitor from
1874 to 1880; and was a member of the
commission to codify laws and devise a
plan for the government of cities of Penn
sylvania in 1877 and 1878. He was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania to
the forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses as
a republican.
JACKSON, RICHARD, JR., merchant,
manufacturer, congressman, was born in
1764. He was a member of congress from
Rhode Island from 1808 to 1815. He died
April 18, 1838, in Providence, R. I.
. JACKSON, ROBERT MONTGOMERY
SMITH, physician, author, was born April
20, 1815, in Alexandria, Pa. He was medi
cal inspector of the twenty-third army
corps, and acting medical director of the
department of the Ohio. He published a
work entitled The Mountain. He died
Jan. 28, 1865, in CHattanooga,. Tenn.
JACKSON, SAMUEL, physician, educa
tor, author, was born March 22, 1787, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was appointed pro
fessor of the institute of medicine in the
university of Pennsylvania, and held this
office from 1835 till 1863, when he re
signed, and was afterward emeritus pro
fessor till his death. He was the author
01 Principles of Medicine; Discourse Com
memorative of Professor Nathaniel Chap
man; and Medical Essays. He died April
4, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
JACKSON, SAMUEL McCARTNEY,
soldier, manufacturer, state senator, was
born Sept. 24, 1833, in Armstrong county,
Pa. He served through the civil war, and
for gallant and meritorious services re
ceived the rank of brigadier-general. He
was a member of the lower house of the
legislature from Armstrong county, Pa.;
was elected to the state senate in 1875;
and in 1893 elected state treasurer.
JACKSON, SHELDON, missionary, au
thor, was born May 16, 1834, in Minaville,
N. Y. He is a presbyterian missionary,
and government general agent of educa
tion in Alaska since 1885. He is the au
thor of Alaska and Missions on the North
Pacific Coast; and Education in Alaska.
JACKSON, THOMAS B., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1837 to 1841; and was also for three
years a member of the assembly of New
York.
JACKSON, THOMAS EDWARD, mer
chant, was born July 9, 1852, in Tampa,
Fla. He received the rudiments of his ed
ucation in the common schools of his na
tive city, and subsequently graduated
from St. John's college of Fordham. N.
Y. He is a successful merchant of Tam
pa, Fla.; has been a member of the city
council for several terms; served twice
as mayor; for four terms was treasurer
of Hillsborough county; and is now in
the United States customs service.
JACKSON, THOMAS JONATHAN, sol
dier, was born Jan. 21, 1824, in Clarks
burg, W. Va. Stonewall Jackson was a
____ noted general of the
confederate army
during the civil war.
He died of a wound
received by mistake
from his own forces
during the battle
of Chancellorsville,
May 10, 1863. The
advantages which
the confederates
gained in that battle
were dearly purchas
ed by the loss of
their noble leader, whose death was sin
cerely mourned.
JACKSON, W. T., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 29, 1794, in Ches
ter, N. Y. He was a justice of the peace
several years in Havana, N. Y.; held the
office of county judge four years; and in
1848 was elected a representative in con
gress, and served one term.
JACKSON, WILLIAM, railroad builder,
banker, congressman, was born Sept. 2,
1183, in Newton, Mass. He was a member
of the state legislature from 1829 to 1832;
from 1834 to 1837, and from 1841 to 1843-
was a representative in congress from
that state; and at the time of his death
was president of the Newton bank. He
died Feb. 27, 1855, in Newton, Mass.
JACKSON, WILLIAM HICKS, soldier,
was born Oct. 7, 1836, in Paris, Tenn. He
served in the civil war, and attained the
rank of brigadier-general in the confed
erate service. Since the war he has oc
cupied himself largely and successfully
in stock-raising, and is in co-partnership
with Richard Croker, tne owner of the
extensive Belle Meade stock farm in the
blue grass region of Tennessee.
JACKSON, WILLIAM LOWTHER, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, state legislator, was
born Feb. 3, 1825, in Clarksburg, Va. He
served as commonwealth's attorney; was.
twice in the Virginia house of delegates;
twice second auditor and superintendent
of the state library fund; once lieuten
ant-governor; and was elected judge of
the nineteenth judicial district of the
state in 1860. In 1861 he entered the con
federate army in command of the thirty-
first Virginia regiment, and became a
brigadier-general. He died March 26, 1890,
in Louisville, Ky.
JACOB, JOHN J., lawyer, governor,
was born Dec. 9, 1829, in Hampshire coun
ty, Va. He was for several years con
nected with the state university of Mis
souri; and was a member of the West
Virginia legislature in 1869. In 1870 he
was elected governor of \vest Virginia for
two years; and was re-elected for the term
of four years, beginning with 1873.
JACOB, RICHARD TAYLOR, soldier,
lieutenant-governor, was born March 13.
1825, in Oldham county, Ky. He filled
the office of lieutenant-governor of Ken
tucky during 1863-67; and acting at one
time as governor.
JACOBI, ABRAHAM, physician, author,
was born May 6, 1810, in Germany. He is
a New York city physician; professor in
the college of Physicians since 1870, and
the author of Dentition and Its Derange
ments; Infant Hygiene; Diphtheria;
Pathology of the Thymus Gland; Ther
apeutics of Infancy and Childhood.
524
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JACOBI, MRS. MARY (PUTNAM), phy
sician, author, was born Aug. 31, 1842, in
London, England. She is a physician of
prominence in New York city, and the
first woman to enter and graduate from
Ecole de MSdecine in Paris. She is the
author of The Value of Life; Cold Pack
and Anaemia; Hysteria, and Other Essays;
The Martyr to Science; Studies in Pri
mary Education; Common Sense Applied
to Woman Suffrage; Manual of Nursing;
and Found and Lost.
JACOBS, FERRIS, JR., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 30, 1836,
in Delhi, N. Y. He served in the union
army from 1861 to 1865, rising from the
rank of captain to that of colonel and
brevet brigadier-general. He was elected
district attorney in 1865, and was re-
elected, and was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-seventh con
gress as a republican. He died Aug. 31,
1881, in White Plains, N. Y.
JACOBS, GEORGE, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 24, 1834, in Kingstown,
Jamaica. He came to the United States
in 1854, and in 1869 he was called to the
pastorate of a Philadelphia synagogue.
He wrote several Sunday-school books,
and was a frequent contributor to the
Jewish press.
JACOBS, HENRY EYSTER, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 10, 1844, in Get
tysburg, Pa. He is a lutheran clergyman
of Philadelphia, professor in the lutheran
seminary since 1883, and editor of the Lu
theran Review from 1882. He is the au
thor of The Lutheran Movement in Eng
land; The Lutherans; several translations
of religious works from the German;
and History of the Evangelical Lutheran
Church in the United States.
JACOBS, ISRAEL, congressman, was
born in Germany. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1791 to 1793.
JACOBS, JOHN ADAMSON, educator,
author, was born Aug. 19. 1806, in Lees-
Imrg, Va. He was an educator who was
forty-five years superintendent of the deaf
and dumb institution at Danville, Ky. He
published Primary Lessons for Deaf
Mutes. He died Nov. 27, 1869, in Danville,
Ky.
JACOBS, JOSEPH, manufacturer, bank
er, legislator, was born Dec. 8, 1828, in
Hingham, Mass. He represented the town
of Hingham in the Massachusetts house of
representatives in 1881-83. Since 1876 he
has been president of the Hingham Na
tional bank.
JACOBS, MICHAEL, educator, author,
was born Jan. 18, 1808, in Waynesborough,
Pa. He was an educator who was profes
sor in Pennsylvania college at Gettysburg
in 1852-71, and published Notes on the
Rebel Invasion and the Battle of Gettys
burg. He died in 1871.
JACOBS, MICHAEL WILLIAM, lawyer,
author, was born Jan. 27, 1850, in Gettys
burg, Pa. He is a lawyer of Harrisburg,
and the author of a Treatise on the Law
of Domicile.
JACOBS, ORANGE, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born May 2, 1829, in Liv
ingston county, N. J. In 1852 he moved
to Oregon, was appointed associate justice
of the supreme court of Washington terri
tory in 1869, and settled there. In 1871
he was appointed chief justice of the
territory, reappointed In 1874, and held
that position when elected a delegate to
the forty-fourth congress. He was re-
elected to the forty-fifth congress as a
republican.
JACOBS, SARAH SPRAGUE, author,
was born March 17, 1813, in Pawtucket,
R. I. She is a writer of Cambridge, Mass.,
and author of Nonantum and Natick, a
juvenile giving an account of the labors
of John Eliot among the New England In
dians, and White Oak and Its Neighbors.
JACOBS, WILLIAM R., journalist, poet,
was born Jan. 2, 1868, in Elizabeth, Pa.
He commenced life as a printer, and sub
sequently entered into a journalistic ca
reer. He is the author of a volume of
poems. Some of his productions have been
given a place in Poets of America, and
other standard works.
JACOBUS, MELANCTHON WILLIAMS,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Sept. 19, 1816, in Newark, N. J. He was
a presbyterian clergyman of Brooklyn
and Pittsburg, and professor of Oriental
literature in the Theological seminary at
Allegheny City, in 1851-76. He was the
author of Letters on the Public School
Question; Notes on the New Testament,
a very popular work; and Notes on Gen
esis. He died Oct. 28, 1876, in Allegheny
City, Pa.
JACOBY, LUDWIG SIGISMUND, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 21, 1813, in
Germany. He was a methodist clergyman
of German birth who as general foreign
agent of the methodist church resided at
Bremen in 1849-72. On his return to the
United States he lived in St. Louis. He
was the author of Geschichte des Method-
ismus; Letzte Stunden; Kurzer Inbegriff
der christlichen Glaubenlehre; and Bib-
lische Hand-Concordanz. He died June
21, 1874, in St. Louis, Mo.
JACQUES, DANIEL HARRISON, phy
sician, author, was born about 1825. He
was a southern physician who edited The
Rural Carolinian. He was the author of
Hints about Physical Perfection; The Gar
den; The Farm; The Barnyard; The
House; Florida as a Permanent Home;
How to Grow Handsome; The Tempera
ments; How to Behave; and How to Talk.
He died Aug. 28, 1877, near Fernandina.
Fla.
JADWIN, CORNELIUS C., civil engin
eer, congressman, was born March 27,
1835, in Carbondale, Pa. He was a civil
engineer from 1857 to 1861. He served for
nine years as a member of the district
board of education, three years as presi
dent of the board, and was a delegate to
the republican national convention of
1880. He was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the forty-seventh
congress as a republican.
JAFFREY, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 22, 1682, in New Castle, N.
H. He was successively a councilor, a
judge, treasurer of New Hampshire, and
chief justice. The town of Jaffrey is
named for him. He died May 8, 1749, in
Portsmouth, N. H.
JAGGAR, THOMAS AUGUSTUS, bishop
of southern Ohio, was born June 2, 1839,
in New York. He has published bacca
laureate addresses before the universities
of Pennsylvania and Ohio; an address to
the graduating class of the Philadelphia
Divinity school; a sermon preached be
fore the American Social Science associa
tion; The Ministry of Phillips Brooks;
Duty of the Clergy in Relation to Modern
Skepticism: as well as various pastorals
and addresses on general subjects.
JAMES, AMAZIAH B., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born July 1, 1812, in
Stephentown, N. Y. In 1853 he was elected
a justice of the state supreme court; re
signed in 1876; and was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-fifth
and forty-sixth congresses as a republi
can.
JAMES, BUSHROD WASHINGTON, oc
ulist, climatologist, author, was born Aug.
25, 1836, in Philadelphia, Pa. He is the
author of American Resorts and Climates,
and Alaskana, or Legends of Alaska,
which is in its third edition.
JAMES, CHARLES P., lawyer, jurist.
He was appointed an associate justice of
the supreme court of the District of Col
umbia in 1879.
JAMES, CHARLES P., educator, law
yer, jurist, was born May 11, 1818, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio. He was appointed professor
of law in the Law school of Cincinnati
college in 1850, and served six years. He
was appointed judge of the superior court
of Cincinnati to fill a vacancy. He moved
to Washington, D. C., in 1864; was one of
the commission appointed to revise the
statutes of the United States, and was for
four years professor of law in the Law
school of Georgetown university, D. C.
He was appointed an associate justice of
the supreme court of the District of Col
umbia in 1879.
JAMES, CHARLES TILL1NGHAST,
mechanic, inventor, United States senator,
author, was born in 1804 in West Green
wich, R. I. He wrote a series of papers
on the culture and manufacture of cotton
in the south. He was a senator in con
gress from 1851 to 1857 from Rhode Is
land. He subsequently invented a rifled
cannon, and met his death from the ex
plosion of a shell of his own invention.
He died Oct. 17, 1862, in Sag Harbor, N. Y.
JAMES, DARWIN R., merchant, bank
er, congressman, was born May 14, 1834.
in Williamsburg, Mass. He was one of
the founders of a dispensary; one of the
founders and treasurer of the bureau of
charities of Brooklyn, and served six years
as park commissioner. He became a di
rector in a Marine Insurance company;
secretary of the New York board of trade
and transportation, and a member of the
executive committee of the New York
Anti-Monopoly league. He was elected
a representative from New York to the
forty-eighth, and was re-elected to the
forty-ninth congress as a republican.
JAMES, EDMUND JAMES, educator,
author, was born May 21, 1855, in Jack
sonville, 111. He is professor in the uni
versity of Chicago, and the author of
numerous monographs and articles on
various scientific and educational sub
jects, the principal of which are: Our
Legal Tender Decisions; The Education of
Business Men; and The Relation of the
Modern Municipality to the Gas Supply;
with several translations from the Ger
man.
JAMES, EDWIN, geologist, botanist,
author, was born Aug. 27, 1797, in Way-
bridge, Vt. He was a geologist and bot
anist whose later years were spent in
Burlington, Iowa. He was the author of
Expedition from Pittsburg to the Rocky
Mountains; Narrative of John Tanner;
and a translation of the New Testament
into the Ojibway language. He died Oct.
28, 1861, in Burlington, Iowa.
JAMES, FRANCIS, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1839 to 1843.
JAMES, HARRY D., lawyer, was born
Oct. 14, 1867, in Ogle county, 111. After
receiving a liberal education he entered
educational work. He afterward took up
the study of law; commenced the practice
of his profession at Sioux Falls, S. D., In
1891, and the following year moved to
Flandreau. In 1896 he was elected state's
attorney of Moody county, and is gaining
a good reputation as an able lawyer.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
525
JAMES, HENRY, theologian, author,
was born June 3, 1811, in Albany, N. Y.
He was a Swendenborgian writer of Cam
bridge, who was a thinker of marked
spirituality and originality. His Spiritual
Creation undoubtedly affords the best ex
ample of his felicitous style and matured
thought. His other works include, So
ciety the Redeemed Form of Man; Re
marks on the Gospels; Moralism and
Christianity; The Nature of Evil; Sub
stance and Shadow; The Secret of Swe-
denborg; What Is the State? The Church
of Christ; Christianity the Lyric of Crea
tion; and Literary Remains, edited by
W. James. He died Dec. 18, 1882, in
Cambridge, Mass.
JAMES, HENRY, critic, author, was
born April 15, 1843, in New York city.
He is a novelist and critic who since 1869
has resided in Europe, and mainly in Lon
don. In fiction his writings include, Rod
erick Hudson; The American; The Eu
ropeans; A Passionate Pilgrim, and Other
Tales; Confidence; Washington Square;
The Portrait of a Lady; Watch and Ward;
Daisy Miller; An International Episode;
The Siege of London; The Author of Bel-
traffio, and Other Tales; The Bostonians;
The Princess Casamassima; The Rever
berator; The Aspern Papers, and Other
Stories; A London Life; The Tragic Muse;
The Lesson of the Master, and Other
Tales; The Spoils of Poynton; What Mai-
sie Knew; The Other House; The Private
Life; The Wheel of Time; Terminations;
Embarrassments; Theatricals, two come
dies; The Real Thing, and Other Tales;
Tales of Three Cities. Other works by
Mr. James are, Transatlantic Sketches;
French Poets and Novelists; Portraits of
Places; Life of Hawthorne; The Madonna
of the Future; A Little Tour in France;
Picture and Text; Essays in London; and
Partial Portraits.
JAMES, HENRY AMMON, lawyer, au
thor, was born April 24, 1854, in Balti
more, Md. He is a lawyer of New York
city who has published Communism in
America.
JAMES, JOHN WALTER, public offi
cial, railroad president, was born Jan. 31,
1836, in Washington county, Tenn. Dur
ing the civil war he
served in the United
States army, and was
present at the bat
tles o f Lookout
Mountain and Mis
sionary Ridge. Dur
ing 1864-70 he was
master in chancery
a t Chattanooga,
Tenn.; was twice al
derman of that city,
and took an active
part in its education
al and public affairs. He was mayor of
Chattanooga in 1874-75; was a delegate
to the convention of the national green
back labor party in 1880; was a candidate
for congress; and subsequently received
the nomination for governor of Tennessee.
Since its organization in 1891 he has been
a member of the national committee of
the people's party. He has been active
in railroad building; was president and
general manager of the Chattanooga
Southern railway, and is still a member
of numerous local corporate and company
organizations. He died Feb. 21, 1898, in
Alton Park, Tenn.
JAMES, JOSEPH FRANCIS, botanist,
educator, author, was born Feb. 8, 1857,
in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1881 he was ap
pointed custodian of the Cincinnati so
ciety of Natural History. This place he
resigned in 1886 to take the chair of bot
any and geology in Miami university,
Oxford, Ohio, and meanwhile since 1883
he has also held the professorship of bot
any in the department of pharmacy in
the university of Cincinnati. He is the
author of frequent papers on botany and
geology in scientific journals.
JAMES, LEWIS GEORGE, educator,
lecturer, author, was born Feb. 19, 1844,
in Providence, R. I. He has been presi
dent of the Brooklyn Ethical association,
and for many years filled the chair of his
tory in the Adelphi academy. He is the
author of A Study of Primitive Chris
tianity; Evolution of Morals; Life as a
Fine Art, and various other works.
JAMES, LUCY M., poet, was born
March 1, 1841, in Fair Haven, Mass. Since
1859 she has constantly contributed to
the periodical press, and is the author of
a number of meritorious poems. She is
prominently identified with various in
stitutions, of which she has been presi
dent, and is now chaplain of the Bristol
County association of the Woman's Re
lief Corps auxiliary to the Grand Army of
the Republic, and resides in New Bedford,
Mass.
JAMES, LUTHER, lawyer, was born in
1876 near Edmonton, Ky. After receiving
a liberal education he was admitted to the
bar in the eighteenth year of his age; and
has since attained prominence as an able
orator and lawyer of Edmonton, Ky.
JAMES, SUE L., journalist, poet, was
born July 30, 1843, in Saline, Ark. In
1895 she was elected poet of the Arkansas
Press association. For years she has been
a correspondent for several leading pub
lications, and is now the editor and owner
of The Hot Springs Life, a literary and
society paper. She was appointed a com
missioner to the Atlanta exposition, and
has been president of various temperance,
missionary and relief societies.
JAMES, THOMAS CHALKLEY, edu
cator, physician, surgeon, college presi
dent, was born in 1766 in Philadelphia,
Pa. In 1803 he established the school of
Obstetrics in Philadelphia, and for twen
ty-five years was physician and obstetri
cian in the Pennsylvania hospital. He
was for Rome years president of the Phil
adelphia college of Physicians, and was
professor of midwifery in the university
of Pennsylvania from 1811 till 1834. He
died July 25, 1835, in Philadelphia, Pa.
JAMES, THOMAS LEMUEL, journalist,
banker, public official, was born March
29, 1831, in Utica, N. Y. He was made
collector of canal tolls at Hamilton in
1854 and 1855, and was appointed inspec
tor of customs in the New York custom
house in 1861; weigher in 1863, and depu
ty collector in 1870. He was appointed
postmaster at New York city in 1873 and
was reappointed in 1877. He was appoint
ed postmaster-general in the cabinet of
President Garfield, in 1881, and continued
in that position in the cabinet of Presi
dent Arthur, until 1882, when he resigned
to accept the presidency of the Lincoln
National bank of New York city.
JAMES, THOMAS POTTS, botanist, au
thor, was born Sept. 1, 1803, in Radnor,
Pa. In 1867 he settled in Cambridge,
Mass., and was a member of scientific so
cieties, and one of the founders and long
the treasurer of the American Pomological
society. His scientific papers were con
tributed to the Proceedings of the Phila
delphia Academy of Natural Sciences and
to the Proceedings of the American Acad
emy of Arts and Sciences. He died Feb.
22, 1882, in Cambridge, Mass.
JAMES, WILLIAM, psychologist, au
thor, was born Jan. 11, 1842, in New York
city. He is a psychologist of distinction,
professor at Harvard university from 1872,
and the author of Principles of Psychol
ogy; and Psychology, a briefer study of
the subject.
JAMES, WILLIAM H., statesman. He
was governor of Nebraska from 1871 to
1873.
JAMESON, CHARLES DAVIS, soldier,
manufacturer, was born Feb. 24, 1827, in
Gorham, Maine. At the beginning of the
civil war he was placed in command of
the second Maine regiment, the first that
left that state for the seat of war, and
he was appointed brigadier-general of vol
unteers in 1861. In 1861-62 he was the
democratic candidate for governor of
Maine. He died Nov. 6, 1862, in Oldtown,
Maine.
JAMESON, DAVID, soldier, was born in
1752. He fought at the battle of Great
Bridge, Dec. 9, 1775, and served in the
southern states in Stevens's brigade in
1780 and 1781. In 1790-91 he was a dele
gate to the Virginia legislature, and was
afterward a magistrate and high sheriff
of Culpeper county. He died Oct. 2, 1839,
in Culpeper county, Va.
JAMESON, EPHRAIM HALL EMERY,
journalist, clergyman, lecturer, was born
May 19, 1835, in St. George, Maine. He was
educated for the ministry in New England,
taught school in Illinois, and for one year
was assistant editor on a daily newspaper
of Springfield. He edited the Free Demo
crat of Galesburg for one year; in 1858 be
came a reporter on the St. Louis Demo
crat, and was connected with the press
of that city for twelve years. In 1861 he
was engaged in mustering recruits; then
organized regiments of militia, and was
commissioned colonel of one of these regi
ments of reserves, and did duty on the
border for nearly two years. In 1862 he
was elected as a republican to the Mis
souri state legislature, received the re
election, serving altogether four years,
and became speaker. In 1871 he was
one of the editors of the St. Louis Globe.
In 1876 he was ordained, and became pas
tor of the First Baptist church of Omaha
for five years; pastor at Saginaw three
years; and pastor at Lansing six years.
In 1890 he was appointed district secretary
of the American Baptist Home Missionary
society, and constantly preaches and lec
tures on various themes.
JAMESON, EPHRAIM ORCUTT, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 23, 1832, in
Dunbarton, N. H. He is the author of the
Cogswells in America; History of New-
bury, Mass., and the Choates in America.
JAMESON, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Kentucky. He was a representa
tive in congress from Missouri from 1830
to 1831; again from 1843 to 1845; and for
another term from 1847 to 1849.
JAMESON, JOHN ALEXANDER, law
yer, jurist, author, was born Jan. 25, 1824,
in Irasburg, Vt. He is a jurist of Chicago,
and for many years an assistant editor of
The American Law Register. He is the
author of The Constitutional Convention,
its History, Power, and Modes of Proceed
ing.
JAMESON, JOHN FRANKLIN, educa
tor, author, was born in 1859 in Massachu
setts. He is a professor of history in
Brown university, and the author of Will
iam Usselinx, Founder of the Dutch and
Swedish West India Companies; The His
tory of Historical Writing in America;
and Dictionary of United States History.
JAMESON, PATRICK HENRY, physi
cian, was born April 18, 1824, in Monroe,
Ind. From 1863 till 1866 he was acting
assistant surgeon in the United States
army, and from 1861 till 1869 physician to
the Indiana institution for the deaf and
dumb.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JAMESON. WILLIAM, naval officer,
was born in 1791 in Virginia. During
the war of 1812-14 he was in several en
gagements, and received his commission
as captain in 1844. He adhered to the
cause of the union at the beginning of
*he civil war, and was commissioned
commodore July 16, 1862. He died Oct.
7, 1873, in Alexandria.
JAMISON. ALCINOUS BERTON, phy-
-ieian, author, was born Sept. 1, 1851, in
Wooster, Ohio. He is the author of a
work entitled, The Anus and Rectum,
Their Physiology, Anatomy and Pathol
ogy.
JAMISON, MRS". CELIA V (HAM
ILTON), author, was born in Louisiana.
She is the author of The Story of an En
thusiast; Toinette's Philip; Lady Jane;
and Seraph, the Little Violiniste.
JAMISON, WESLEY ISAIAH, educator,
lawyer, jurist, was born April 15, 1856, in
Nashville, Tenn. He received his edu
cation in the Central Tennessee college,
and the Mohara Law school. For ten
years he taught school; was justice of the
peace for three terms, and is now one
of the foremost lawyers of Topeka, Kan.
He takes a prominent part in public af
fairs, and is considered one of the leaders
in republican politics of his state.
JANES, EDMUND S., lawyer, was born
Jan. 29, 1858, in Champaign, 111. In 1878
he graduated from the Bloomington uni
versity with the degree of A. B., and
subsequently received the degree of A. M.
from the same institution. He has gained
prominence as an able lawyer of Mary-
ville, Mo.; .and has been the attorney for
the Missouri and Pacific Railroad com
pany.
JANES, EDMUND STORER, bishop,
was born April 27, 1807, in Sheffield, Mass.
He became a successful clergyman and
bishop of the methodist episcopal church.
He died Sept. 18, 1876, In New York city.
JANES, EDWARD HOUGHTON, sol
dier, educator, author, was born Oct. 3,
1820, in Northfield, Mass. Since 1873 he
.has been assistant superintendent of the
New York health department. In 1872 he
was appointed to the chair of hygiene in
the Women's Medical college of the New
York infirmary. He has published a Re
port on Condensed Milk; and Report on
the Sanitary Condition of New York.
JANES, EDWIN LINES, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 27, 1807, in Sheffield,
Mass. He was a methodist clergyman,
and the author of Wesley His Own His
torian; Character and Career of Bishop
Asbury; and Memento of Edward Payson.
He died Jan. 10, 1875, in Flushing, N. Y.
JANES, HENRY F., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in October,
1792, in Brimfield, Mass. From 1820 to
1830 he was postmaster at Waterbury,
Mass., and was a member of the legisla
tive council from 1830-34. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Vermont from
1834 to 1837; was state treasurer from
1838 to 1841; a member of the council of
censors in 1848, and a member of the leg
islature from Waterbury in 1855.
JANES, LEWIS GEORGE, lecturer, au
thor, was born in 1844 in Rhode Island.
He is a lecturer of Brooklyn; for twelve
years president of the Brooklyn Ethical
association, and the author of A Study of
Primitive Culture; and Samuell Gorton, a
Forgotten Founder of Our Liberties.
JANEWAY, EDWARD GAMALIEL, ed
ucator, physician, lecturer, was born Aug.
:: I, 1841, in New York city. He was ap
pointed health commissioner of the city
of New York in 1875. and filled that ap
pointment until 1882. He was vice-presi
dent of the New York Pathological so
ciety in 1874, and has been president of
the New York Medical Journal associa
tion.
JANEWAY, JACOB JONES, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 20, 1774, in New
York city. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman who held several pastorates in
Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and was
engaged in general mission work. He
was the author of Exposition of the Acts,
Romans and Hebrews; Internal Evidences
of the Holy Bible; Unlawful Marriage;
Review of Dr. Schaff on Protestantism;
and The Abrahamic Covenant. He died
June 27, 1858, in New Brunswick, N. J.
JANNEY, SAMUEL MACPHERSON,
clergyman, author, was born Jan. 11, 1801,
in Ixmdoun county, Va. He was a preacher
among the Hicksite Friends who in 1869
was appointed one of the government su
perintendents of Indian affairs. He was
the author of Lives of William Penn and
George Fox; Conversations on Religious
Subjects; The Last of the Lenape, and
Other Poems; Historical Sketch of the
Christian Church; Summary of Christian
Doctrines Held by Friends; Peace Prin
ciples Exemplified in the Early History of
Pennsylvania; and History of the Reli
gious Society of Friends from Its Rise
to 1828. He died April 30, 1880, in Lou-
dcun county, Va.
JANNEY, SPENCER M., railroad presi
dent, was born in 1840 in Philadelphia, Pa.
Since 1891 he has been president of the
Huntingdon and Broad Top Mountain
Railroad and Coal company.
JANNSENS, FRANCIS, bishop, was
born OCT. 17. 1841, in Holland. He has
become an eminent bishop of the Roman
catholic church at Natchez, Tenn.
JANSEN, REYNIER, printer, was born
in Holland. From 1698 till 1706 he was
the only printer in Pennsylvania. Prob
ably the first book issued by him was
God's Protecting Providence. He died in
1706 in Philadelphia, Pa.
JANSSEN, JOHN, bishop, was born
March 3, 1835, in Prussia. He has at
tained eminence as a clergyman of the
Roman catholic church, and is now a
bishop of the diocese of Belleville, 111.
JANVIER, FRANCIS DE HAES, au
thor, poet, was born April 25, 1816, in
Pittsgrove, N. J. He was the author of
The Skeleton Monk, and Other Poems;
The Sleeping Sentinel; and Patriotic
Poems. He died March 25, 1864, in India.
JANVIEU. MARGARET THOMSON-
MARGARET VANDEGRIFT — author,
poet, was born in 1845 in Louisiana. She
is a Philadelphia writer of children's
books, among which are Clover Bank;
Under the Dog Star; Little Helpers; and
\ Dead Doll, and Other Verses.
JANVIER. THOMAS ALLIBONE, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1849 in Penn
sylvania. He is a journalist and litt^ra-
teur of Philadelphia, and subsequently of
New York. He is the author of An Em
bassy to Provence, a volume of travel;
Color Studies; Four Stories; The Mexican
Guide; Stories of Old New Spain; The
Aztec Treasure House, a Romance; The
Uncle of an Angel, and Other Stories;
and in Old New York.
.IANVKIN. JOSEPH EDWARD, physi
cian, author, was born Jan. 13, 1839, in
Exeter, N. H. In 1872 he was appointed
surgeon to the Woman's hospital in the
state of New York, and in 1882 filled the
position of gynecologist at the New York
Skin and Cancer hospital. He is the
author of A Case of Interstitial Pregnan
cy; A Case of Tubal Pregnancy of Un
usual Interest; and other works.
JARNAGIN, SPENCER, lawyer, United
States senator, was born about 1793 in
Granger county, Tenn. He was United
States senator from Tennessee from 1841
to 1847. He died June 24, 1851, in Mem
phis, Tenn.
JARRATT, DEVEREUX, clergyman,
author, was born Jan. 17, 1773, near Rich
mond, Va. He published three volumes
of sermons and a series of letters to a
friend entitled Thoughts on Some Im
portant Subjects in Divinity. He died
Jan. 29, 1801, in Virginia.
JARVIS, ABRAHAM, bishop, was born
May 3, 1739, in Norwalk, Conn. He was
second protestant episcopal bishop of
Connecticut, and eighteenth in succession
in the American episcopate.
JARVIS. EDWARD, physician, author,
was born Jan. 9, 1803, in Concord, Mass.
He was a once prominent physician of
Dorchester, Mass.; and in 1852 was made
president of the American Statistical as
sociation. He was the author of Physiol
ogy and Health; Elementary Physiology;
and Condition of the Insane and Idiots in
Massachusetts. He died Oct. 31, 1884, in
Dorchester, Mass.
JARVIS, JAMES JACKSON, author,
was born Aug. 20, 1820, in Boston, Mass,
he was an art connoisseur who lived
in Hawaii in 1838-49, and subsequently
for many years in Florence. He was the
author of Why and What Am I? Art
Studies; History of the Sandwich Islands;
Scenes and Scenery in the Sandwich Isl
ands; Parisian Sights and French Prin
ciples; Italian Sights and Papal Princi
ples; Kiana, a Tradition of Hawaii; A
Glimpse at the Art of Japan; Art Hints;
The Art Idea; Art Thoughts; Italian Ram
bles; and Pepero, the Boy Artist. He
died in 1888.
JARVIS. JOHN WESLEY, artist, was
born in 1780 in England. He became pop
ular, and his portraits, which were ex
ecuted chiefly in New York and the south
ern cities, were numerous and often ef
fective. His works include likenesses of
Com. Isaac Hull, Com. William Bain-
bridge, Com. Thomas McDonough, Gov. De
Witt Clinton. John Randolph, Bishop Ben
jamin Moore, and Fitz-Greene Halleck.
He died in 1840 in New York city.
JARVIS, LEONARD, public official,
congressman, was born io 1782. He was
sheriff of Hancock county from 1821 to
1829, and collector of customs for the
Penobscot district from 1829 to 1831. He
was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1831 to 1837, and from 1838 to
1841 held the office of navy agent for the
port of Boston. He died Sept. 18, 1854, in
Surrey, Maine.
JARVIS, SAMUEL FARMAR, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 20, 1786, in
Middletown, Conn. He was an episcopal
clergyman of Connecticut, and the author
of Sermons on Prophecy; No Union with
Rome; Chronological Introduction to the
History of the Church; and the Religion of
the Indian Tribes of North America. He
died March 26, 1851, in Middletown, Conn.
JARVIS, THOMAS JORDAN, soldier,
state legislator, governor, was born Jan.
18, 1836, in Jarvisburg, N. C. He en
tered the confederate army as a pri
vate, in 1861 was made a first lieutenant,
and in 1863 was promoted captain. He
was elected a representative in the legis
lature of North Carolina; was re-elected to
the legislature in 1870, and was made
speaker of the house. In 1876 he was
elected lieutenant-governor of North Car
olina; and in 1879 became governor by
the election of Governor Vance a United
States senator, and in 1880 was elected
governor.
HERRINOSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
527
JAY, JAMES, physician, author, was
born Oct. 27, 1732, in New York city.
He was a physician of New York city who
was knighted by George III., and who
published Reflections and Observations on
Gout. He died Oct. 20, 1815, in Spring
field, N. J.
JAY, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, statesman,
was born Dec. 12, 1745, in New York city.
He was a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1774 to
1777, and from 1778
to 1779. In 1776 he
was recalled from
congress to aid in
forming the govern
ment of New York,
and for that reason
was not present to
sign the declaration
o f independence.
From 1777 to 1779
he was chief justice
of the state, but re
signed to fill the post of president of con
gress. He was appointed secretary of
state. Though not a member he aided at
the convention which framed the federal
constitution. In 1789 he was appointed
chief justice of the supreme court of the
United States, which position he resigned
in 1794 to accept the mission to England,
when he negotiated the treaty which bears
his name. He was governor of New York
from 1795 to 1801, after which he retired
to private life. His Correspondence and
State Papers were published in 1893. He
died May 17, 1829, in Bedford, N. Y.
JAY, JOHN, lawyer, author, was born
June 23, 1817, in New York city. He was
for many years a manager and corre-
. spending secretary
of the New York
Historical society.
He was the author of
Dignity of the Aboli
tion Cause; Caste
and Slavery in the
American Church;
and America Free or
America Slave. He
was a successful
lawyer; and an ac
tive member of the
American Geograph
ical and statistical society. He died in
1894.
JAY, JOHN CLARKSON, physician,
born Sept. 1. 1808, in New York city. In
addition to his practice of medicine he
made a specialty of conchology, and ac
quired the most complete and valuable
collection of shells in the United States.
JAY, PETER AUGUSTUS, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, was born Jan. 24,
1776, in Elizabethtown, N. J. In 1816 he
was a member of the assembly, being
active in promoting legislation for the
building of the Erie canal. He held the
office of recorder of New York city in
1819-21, and was a member of the New
York constitutional convention in 1821.
He died Feb. 20, 1843, in New York city.
JAY, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, philan
thropist, author, was born June 16, 1789,
in New York city. He was son of Chief
Justice Jay, and from early life exerted
himself in behalf of social and religious
reforms. He was for several years presi
dent of the American Peace society, and
one of the founders of the American Bible
society. He was the author of Life of
John Jay, War and Peace; and Causes
and Consequences of the Mexican War.
He died Oct. 14, 1858, in Bedford, N. Y.
JAYNE, DAVID, manufacturer, was
born July 12, 1799, in Bushkill, Pa. He
began, in 1848, the erection of a large
granite and marble laboratory and sales-
room on Chestnut street, Philadelphia,
with a frontage of forty-two feet and
height of thirteen stories, and, in that
impressive structure, after 1850, carried
on a continually expanding manufacture
of medicines until the end of his days.
He died March 5, 1866, in Philadelphia,
Pa.
JAYNE, HORACE, scientist, author,
was born March 5, 1859, in Philadelphia.
He was chosen lecturer in biology in the
university of Pennsylvania, and subse
quently professor of vertebrate morphol
ogy in the same institution, which place
he now holds. He has written A Re
vision of the Dermestidae of North Amer
ica; Abnormities Observed in North
American Coleoptera; and Origin of the
Fittest.
JAYNE, WILLIAM, physician, state
senator, congressman, governor, was born
Oct. 8, 1826, in Springfield, 111. He was
elected to the state senate in 1860 and
1861, and during the latter year was ap
pointed governor of Dakota territory. In
1862 he was elected a delegate from Da
kota to the thirty-eighth congress.
JEAN, CHARLES FLETCHER, mer
chant, was born July 16, 1856, in Terre
Haute, Ind. He commenced life as a
bell-boy in the Terre Haute hotel. He
has built up a large wholesale produce
house, and attained prominence as a suc
cessful merchant. In 1896 he received the
nomination for mayor of Evansville, and
has filled various positions of honor in
his county and state.
JEANS, JACOB, educator, author, was
born Oct. 4, 1800, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was professor of the practice of medicine
in the Homeopathic college of Pennsyl
vania. He was the author of a volume en
titled Practice of Medicine. He died Dec.
17, 1877.
JEFFERS, WILLIAM NICHOLSON,
naval officer, author, was born Oct. 6, 1824,
in Gloucester county, N. J. He was a
United States naval officer who became a
commodore in 1878, and was the author of
Short Methods in Navigation; Theory and
Practice of Naval Gunnery; Inspection
and Proof of Cannon; and Ordnance In
struction for the United States Navy. He
died July 23, 1883, in Washington, D. C.
JEFFERSON, JOSEPH, actor, was born
in 1804 in Philadelphia, Pa. From 1835
till 1837 Jefferson was connected with the
Franklin and Niblo's garden theaters in
New York city. He died Nov. 24, 1842,
in Mobile, Ala.
JEFFERSON, JOSEPH, actor, author,
was born Feb. 20, 1829, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He has won his reputation by his
remarkable perform
ance of the part of
Rip Van Winkle in
the play of that
name written by
Dion Boucicault
from Washington
Irving's romance. He
has changed the play
to suit his personifi
cation, and is the au
thor of an entertain
ing Autobiography:
and was a constant
contributor to current literature.
JEFFERSON, MARTHA WAYLES.was
born Oct. 19, 1748, in Charles City county,
Va. She married Thomas Jefferson in
1772. He retained a romantic devotion
for her throughout his life, and because
of her failing health refused foreign ap
pointments in 1776, and again in 1781,
having promised that he would accept no
public office that would involve their sep
aration. She died Sept. 6, 1782, in Monti-
cello, Va.
JEFFERSON, THOMAS, third presi
dent of the United States, was born April
13, 1743, in Shadwell, Albemarle county,
Va. He was educat
ed at William and
Mary college, Virgin
ia, and graduated in
1762. After leaving
college he studied
law, and in 1769 he
was elected a mem
ber of the house of
burgesses of Vir
ginia. In 1772 he
was married to Mrs.
Martha Skelton, a
wealthy widow,
twenty-three years of age. He was a
delegate to the continental congress in
1775, and in 1776 he was chosen chairman
of the committee which drafted the dec
laration of independence, and was the au
thor of that glorious instrument, which
was the foundation of American liberty.
He was elected to a seat in the Virginia
assembly during the summer of 1776, and
resigned his seat in congress. He contin
ued in the assembly in 1777 and 1778. In
June, 1779, Jefferson succeeded Patrick
Henry as governor of Virginia, and held
the office two years. He was elected to
congress in 1783, and was chairman of
the committee to whom the treaty of
peace with England was referred. In
May, 1784, he was appointed minister
plenipotentiary to Europe, to assist
Adams and Franklin in negotiating trea
ties of commerce. In 1785 congress ap
pointed him minister plenipotentiary to
France, and he remained there until 1789.
On his return home Washington offered
him a seat in his cabinet, as secretary of
state, which he accepted and held until
Dec. 31, 1793. In 1796 Jefferson was elect
ed vice-president of the United States, and
took his seat March 4, 1797. On the 17th
of February, 1801, he was elected presi
dent by the house of representatives, the
electors having failed to make a choice,
and took the oath of office March 4, 1801,
at Washington, D. C. In 1804 he was re-
elected, and took the oath of office March
4, 1805. After completing his second term
he retired to Monticello, where, in the
language of Daniel Webster, he lived as
became a wise man, and died July 4, 1826.
Jefferson held office about thirty years.
He died so poor that, if congress had not
given $20,000 for his library, he would
have been bankrupt. His literary monu
ment is the world-famous Declaration of
Independence. Other writings of his are,
Notes on Virginia; Rights of British
America; and Manual of Parliamentary
Practice. A ten-volume edition of his
works was published in 1892.
JEFFERY, EDWARD TURNER, rail
road president, was born April 6, 1843, in
Liverpool, England. Since 1895 he has
been president of the Rio Grande South
ern railroad, and he has also been presi
dent of various other roads.
JEFFORDS, ELZA, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born May 23, 1826, in Iron-
ton, Ohio. He settled in Mississippi in
1864; and was judge of the high court of
errors and appeals of the state in 1868
and 1869. He was elected a representa
tive from Mississippi to the forty-eighth
congress as a republican.
JEFFREY, MRS. ROSA VERTNER
(GRIFFITH) (JOHNSON), author, poet,
was born in 1828 in Natchez, Miss. She
was a verse-writer of Lexington, Ky.,
and the author of Poems by Rosa; Flor
ence Vale; The Crimson Hand, and Other
Poems; Marah, a novel; and Woodburn, a
novel. She died in 1894.
528
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JEFFRIES, BENJAMIN JOY, physi
cian, author, was born March 26, 1833, in
Boston, Mass. He is a prominent physi
cian of Boston, and the author of Color
Blindness — its Dangers and its Detection;
The Eye in Health and Disease; and Dis
eases of the Skin.
JEFFRIES, NOAH L., soldier, lawyer,
public official, was born in 1828 in Penn
sylvania. He entered the union army and
served during the rebellion. He was as
sistant provost marshal general of the
United States during 1864 and 1865, and
was register of the United States treasury
from 1867 to 1869.
JEFFRIS, WILLIAM SEWARD, edu
cator, financier, was born March 14, 1857,
in Janesville, Wis. During 1883-95 he
was cashier of the Merchants' and Me
chanics' Savings bank of Janesville, Wis.,
and since 1895 has been president of that
institution.
JEMISON, ROBERT, financier, state
senator, was born Sept. 17, 1802, in Lin
coln county, Ga. He was president of the
Alabama state senate in 1863, and soon af
terward entered the confederate senate,
though he had opposed secession in 1861.
He died Oct. 16, 1871, in Tuscaloosa, Ala.
JENCKES, JOSEPH, inventor, was born
in 1602 in England. In 1646 he secured
a patent for fourteen years on an im
proved water-wheel, also a newly invented
sawmill. In 1647 he purchased a privilege
at the iron-works to build a forge where
he might manufacture scythes and other
edged tools. In 1652 a mint was estab
lished in Boston for coining silver. He
died March 16, 1683, in Lynn, Mass.
JENCKES, JOSEPH, governor, was
born in 1656 in Pawtucket, R. I. He was
a member of the assembly from 1700 till
1708, deputy-governor from 1715 till 1727,
and governor in 1727-32. He died June
15, 1740.
JENCKES, THOMAS ALLEN, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1818 in Provi
dence, R. I. He was a representative
from Rhode Island to the thirty-eighth
congress; was re-elected to the thirty-
ninth, fortieth and forty-first congresses
as a republican. He died Nov. 4, 1875, in
Cumberland, R. I.
JENCKES, THOMAS ALLEN, lawyer,
state senator, was born Aug. 28, 1856, in
Providence, R. I. He is a successful law
yer of Cumberland, R. I., and since 1896
has been a member of the state senate.
JENIFER, DANIEL, congressman, was
born in 1723 in Maryland. He was a dele
gate from Maryland to the continental
congress from 1778 to 1782, and was also
a member of the convention which framed
the federal constitution, and signed that
instrument. He died Nov. 6, 1790, in
Maryland.
JENIFER, DANIEL, state legislator,
congressman, was born April 15, 1791, in
Charles county, Md. He was frequently a
member of the state legislature of Mary
land represented that state in congress
from 1831 to 1833, and from 1835 to 1841.
JENISON, SILAS H., governor, was
born in 1791 in Shoreham, Vt. He was
lieutenant-governor in 1835, and was gov
ernor of Vermont from 1835 to 1841. He
died Sept. 30, 1849, in Shoreham, Vt.
JENKINS, ALBERT GALLATIN, sol
dier, congressman, was born Nov. 10, 1830,
in Cabell county, Va. He was elected a
representative from Virginia to the thirty-
fifth congress, and re-elected to the thirty-
sixth congress. He subsequently served as
a brigadier-general In the confederate ser
vice and was killed at the battle of the
Wilderness. He died May 7, 1864, in Dub
lin, Va.
JENKINS, ANNA ALMY, philanthro
pist, was born Sept. 1, 1790, in Providence,
R. I. She was a noted benefactor of her
time, and died Nov. 20, 1849, in her native
city.
JENKINS, ANDREW J., journalist,
poet, was born Nov. 6, 1839, in Prompton,
Pa. He served through the war as chap
lain in the second regiment, New York
cavalry. For many years he was engaged
in educational work, and is now the editor
and owner of The Press of Otay, Cal.
JENKINS, CHARLES JONES, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, governor, was born
Jan. 6, 1805, in Beaufort, S. C. He served
several terms as a representative in the
state legislature, four terms as speaker
of the house, and in 1831 was elected at
torney-general of the state. He was a
judge of the supreme court of the south
ern confederacy, and <n 1865 was elected
governor of Georgia for the term of two
years. He died June 14, 1883, in Somer-
ville, Ga.
JENKINS, ELLEN J. She is the au
thor of a volume of poems entitled Mem
ories.
JENKINS, GEORGE EDMUND, mer
chant, state legislator, was born Sept. 23,
1847, in Philadelphia, Pa. He is a suc
cessful merchant of Fairbury, Neb.; has
been president of the board of trade, and
president of the National Guard associa
tion of the state. In 1897 he was elected
a member of the Nebraska state legis
lature.
JENKINS, JOHN, soldier, state legis
lator, was born Nov. 27, 1751, in New
London, Conn. He came to Wyoming
with his father in 1769, and became an
active participant in the Pennamite war
and the revolution, in which he was a
lieutenant. He was subsequently elected
major and colonel of militia, sheriff and
member of assembly. He died March 19,
1827, in Wyoming, Pa.
JENKINS, JOHN J., lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 20, 1843, in Wey-
mouth, England. He was city attorney
of Chippewa Falls, Wis.; a member of the
assembly from Chippewa county; county
judge of Chippewa county, and was ap
pointed United States attorney of the ter
ritory of Wyoming by President Grant In
1876. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
JENKINS, JOHN STILWELL, lawyer,
journalist, author, was born Feb. 15, 1818,
in Albany, N. Y. He was a lawyer and
journalist of Weedsport, N. Y., and the
author of The Heroines of History; Lives
of the Governors of New York; Lives of
Jackson, Polk and Calhoun; Political His
tory of New York; History of the Mexi
can War; Generals of the Last War with
Great Britain; and Life of Silas Wright.
He died Sept. 20, 1852, in Weedsport, N. Y.
JENKINS, JOHN W., educator, was
born May 14, 1847, in St. Omer, Ind. Dur
ing the civil war he served three years
gallantly in company A, one hundred and
twenty-third regiment Indiana volunteer
infantry, and was all through the Atlanta
campaign. He has attained success as an
educator; has taught twenty years, and
is now county superintendent of schools
at St. Paul, Ind., which position he has
filled for three terms.
JENKINS, LEMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1823 to 1825.
JENKINS, MICAH, soldier, was born in
1836 in Edisto Island, S. C. He was
elected colonel of the fifth South Carolina
regiment at the opening of the civil war,
and was promoted to brigadier-general.
He died May 6, 1864, in Wilderness, Va.
JENKINS, ROBERT, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1807 to 1811.
JENKINS, THORNTON ALEXANDER,
naval officer, was botn Dec. 11, 1811, in
Orange county, Va. He entered the navy
in 1828; was a commodore in 1866, and
rear admiral in 1870.
JENKINS, TIMOTHY, lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 29, 1799, in Barre,
Mass. He was district attorney for Oneida
county, N. Y., six years, and resigned the
office on being elected a representative in
the twenty-ninth congress. He was re-
elected to the thirtieth and thirty-second
congresses. He died Dec. 24, 1859, in
Martinsburg, N. Y.
JENKINS, WILL D., journalist, secre
tary of state, was born Aprtl 21, 1852, in
Pekin, 111. During 1872-82 he edited and
published the Smith
County Pioneer of
Kansas; in 1882 he
was city editor of
the Seattle Chroni
cle, and in 1883 es
tablished the What-
com Reveille. In 1887
and 1888 he was
mayor of Whatcom,
and after the con
solidation of Sehome
and Whatcom, he
was elected mayor of
New Whatcom. Since 1892 he has con
ducted The Champion, a populist paper of
Whatcom. He has filled numerous offices
of public trust; and in 1897 entered upon
a four years' term as secretary of state
of Washington.
JENKS, EDWARD AUGUSTUS, jour
nalist, poet, was born Oct. 30, 1830, in
Newport, N. H. His life has been princi
pally devoted to
journalistic work.
During the rebellion
he was officially con
nected with the gov
ernment shipyard of
Cincinnati, and re
sided in Vicksburg
during 1866-70. In
1871 he was placed at
the head of the re
publican press asso
ciation at Concord,
retiring from that
po.-ition in 1892. For four years he was
reporter of the Decisions of the Supreme
Court of New Hampshire, and in 1893
was in Chicago as resident secretary of
the New Hampshire world's fair commis
sion. He has done much critical and liter
ary work, and poems of his may be found
in numerous magazines and standard col
lections.
JENKS, EDWARD WATROUS, physi
cian, author, was born March 31, 1833,
in Victor, N. Y. He is a successful phy
sician of Detroit, Mich., and has invented
obstetrical forceps and other surgical in
struments for use in gynecology. He was
the author of American System of Prlac-
tical Medicine; and American System of
Gynecology.
JENKS, GEORGE AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
member of congress, was born March 26,
1836, in Jefferson county, Pa. He re
ceived his education at the Jefferson col
lege, and has attained prominence as a
successful lawyer of Brookville, Pa. He
has been assistant secretary of the in
terior; solicitor-general of the United
States, and served with distinction as
a member of the forty-fourth congress
as a democrat.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
529
JENKS, HENRY FITCH, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 17, 1842, in Boston,
Mass. Since 1867 he has been a clergy
man of the Unitarian church, and now
fills a pastorate in Canton, Mass. He is
a member of numerous historical and
literary societies, and the author of sev
eral historical works.
JENKS, JEREMIAH WHIPPLE, 'edu
cator, author, was born Sept. 2, 1856 in
St. Clair, Mich. Since 1891 he has filled
the chair of political science in the Cor
nell university of Ithaca, N. Y. He is
the author of Road Legislation for the
American State, and other works on poli
tics, trust and monetary subjects.
JENKS, JOHN WHIPPLE POTTER,
naturalist, author, was born May 1, 1819,
in West Boylston, Mass. He was a natu
ralist who was director of the museum of
natural history at Brown university in
1872-94, and professor of agriculture and
zoology there, in 1875-94. He was the au
thor of Hunting in Florida; and Jenks
and Steele's Zoology. He died in 1894.
JENKS, JOSEPH, governor, was born
in 1656 in Pawtucket, R. I. He was dep
uty governor of Rhode Island and was
governor from 1727 to 1732. He died June
15, 1740.
JENKS, JOSEPH WILLIAM, educator,
was born Nov. 23, 1808, in Bath, Maine.
He was chaplain and professor of math
ematics in the United States navy, serv
ing on the Concord under Commodore
Perry. He spent seven years aiding his
father in the preparation of the Compre
hensive Commentary on the Bible. In
1852 became professor of languages in
Urbana university, Ohio. He afterward
established the first agricultural paper
in Illinois. He died June 7, 1884, in New-
tonville, Mass.
JENKS, MICHAEL H.. congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1845.
JENKS, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 25, 1778, in Newton, Mass.
He was a once prominent congregational
clergyman of Boston who founded the
American Oriental society, and was the
author of Commentary on the Bible, long
a popular work; and Bible Atlas and
Scripture Gazetteer. He died Nov. 13,
1866, in Boston, Mass.
JENNESS, BENNING WENTWORTH,
lawyer, jurist, United States senator, was
born July 14, 1806, in Deerfield, N. H.
He was judge of probate in Strafford
county, N. H., from 1841 to 1845, and
was a senator in congress from New
Hampshire during the years 1845 and
1846. He died Nov. 16, 1879, in Cleveland,
Ohio.
JENNESS, JOHN SCRIBNER, lawyer,
author, was born in 1827 in New Hamp
shire. He was a lawyer of New York
city, and the author of The Isles of Shoals,
an Historical Sketch; and the First Plant
ing of New Hampshire. He edited Trans
cripts of Original Documents Relating to
the Early History of New Hampshire.
He died in 1879.
JENNESS, LYNDON Y., soldier, bank
er, was born June 17, 1843, in Medina,
Mass. He served in the civil war from
musician to lieutenant in the thirty-sec
ond Massachusetts volunteer infantry.
He is president of the State bank, Cham
ber of Commerce, Florida Palmetto Fiber
works, and state commander of the Grand
Army of the Republic, residing in Pai1-
kesburg, Fla.
JENNESS, RICHARD H., journalist,
legislator, was born June 25, 1857, in
Lindenwood, 111. He is the editor anil
owner of the Graphic of Atkinson, Neb.,
34
and served as a member of the twenty-
fourth session of the Nebraska legislature
from Omaha.
JENNINGS, DAVID, congressman, was
born in Hunterdon county, N. J. He was
a representative in congress from Ohio
from 1825 to 1826.
JENNINGS, FRANCIS, hymnologist
was born Nov. 3, 1808, in England. He
has become one of the most thorough
hymnologists in America. In 1871 the
Baptist Hymn Book was published, and he
prepared for it a biographical index, giv
ing the names, dates of birth, and death
of the authors and their birthplaces, and
also the time when the hymns were first
printed.
JENNINGS, JAMES S., journalist, poet,
was born in Greene county, Ohio. He
was editor and proprietor of the Monitor,
of Marion, Intl., and has been in the news
paper publishing business ever since. As
an author and poet he has been very suc
cessful, and now resides in Wichita, Kan.
JENNINGS, JONATHAN, congressman,
governor, was born in Hunterdon county,
N. J. He was the first governor in Indi
ana. He was elected a representative in
congress from that state from 1809 to
1816, and from 1822 to 1831. In 1818 he
was appointed Indian commissioner. He
died July 26, 1834, near Charlestown, Ind.
JENNINGS, ROBERT W., college presi
dent, was born March 18, 1838, in Edge-
field, S. C. In 1884 he established the
Jennings Business college of Nashville,
Tenn., and is its president.
JENNINGS, SAMUEL, Quaker preacher,
was born in England. He took up his
residence in Philadelphia, where, in 1690-
93, he was justice of tne quorum and judge
of the county court. He died in 1708 in
Burlington, N. J.
JENNINGS, SAMUEL KENNEDY,
preacher, was born June 6, 1771, in Essex
county, N. J. He moved to Baltimore in
1817; was one of the prime movers in the
introduction of lay representation in the
conferences of the methodist episcopal
church, and finally was expelled from this
connection and organized a new body
known as the methodist protestant church.
He was distinguished as a pulpit orator
and evangelist. He died Oct. 19, 1854, in
Baltimore, Md.
JENNINGS, THOMAS REED, physi
cian, educator, state senator, was born
in 1805 in Steubenville, Ohio. In 1838
he opened dissecting-rooms in Nashville,
and was the first teacher of anatomy in
the state. He served in the state senate,
declined a nomination to congress, in 1854
became professor of the institutes of
medicine and of clinical medicine in the
university of Nashville, and in 1856 filled
the chair of anatomy. He died July 7,
1874, in Narragansett, R. I.
JENNINGS, WILLIAM SHERMAN,
lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born March
24, 1863, near Salem, 111. His father's sis
ter is the mother of William Jennings
Bryan, the democratic candidate for presi
dent of the United States in 1896. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the county schools; attended the South
ern Illinois Normal university of Car-
bondale, and graduated from the Union
college of Law of Chicago, 111. He is one
of the foremost lawyers of the south at
Brooksville, Fla. He has been circuit
court commissioner; county judge; alder
man and president of the council of his
adopted city. In 1893-95 he served with
distinction as a member of the Florida
state legislature, and was speaker of the
house of representatives in the session of
1895. In 1896 he was a presidential elect
or, and in 1897 the electoral messenger
from Florida.
JENNISON, LUCY WHITE, author,
poet, was born in 1850 in Massachusetts.
She is a verse-writer who has lived mainly
in Europe, and is the author of Love
Poems and Sonnets.
JENNISON, SAMUEL, antiquary, was
born Feb. 24, 1788, in Brookfield, Mass.
He was for many years connected with the
American Antiquarian society as librarian
and corresponding secretary. He died
March 1, 1860, in Worcester, Mass.
JEROME, DAVID HOWELL, merchant,
governor, was born Nov. 17, 1829, in De
troit, Mich. He was a merchant of Sag-
inaw, Mich., and was a state senator from
1862 to 1868. In 1865 and 1866 he was mil
itary aid to the governor; was president
of the state military board from 1865 to
1873; and in the latter year was appointed
a member of the state constitutional com
mission. In 1875 he was appointed a mem
ber of the board of United States Indian
commissioners, and was governor of Mich
igan from 1881 to 1883.
JEROME, IRENE ELIZABETH, artist,
was born June 9, 1858, in Ellicottville, N.
Y. In 1882 she exhibited eighteen sketches
of Colorado scenery, which were received
with much favor. She also illustrated and
arranged One Year's Sketch-Book; The
Message of the Blue-Bird; Nature's Hal
lelujah; and A Bunch of Violets.
JERVEY, MRS. CAROLINE H
(GILMAN) (GLOVER), author, poet, was
born in 1823 in South Carolina. She was
a writer of fiction and occasional verse,
and the author of Vernon Grove; and
Helen Courtenay's Promise. She died in
1877.
JERVIS, JOHN BLOOMFiELD, civil en
gineer, author, was born Dec. 14, 1795, in
Huntington, N. Y. He was a civil engi
neer of New York, who designed many im
portant works, such as the Croton Dam
and High Bridge. He was the author of
Railway Property; and Labor and Capital.
He died Jan. 12, 1885, in Rome, N. Y.
JESSUP, HENRY HARRIS, missionary,
author, was born April 19, 1832, in Mon-
trose, Pa. He has been a presbyterian
missionary in Syria since 1856, and is the
author of The Women of the Arabs; The
Cnildren of the East; The Greek Church
and Protestant Missions; and Syrian
Home Life.
JESSUP, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, was
born June 21, 1797, in Southampton, N. Y.
From 1838 till 1851 he was presiding judge
of the eleventh judicial district of Penn
sylvania. He died Sept. 11, 1868, in Mon-
trose, Pa.
JESUP, MORRIS KETCHUM, banker,
was born June 21, 1830, in Hartford, Conn.
He was president of the Five Points House
of Industry in 1870, of the Young Men's
Christian association in 1871-75, and later
became vice-president of the city mission
and manager of the presbyterian hospital.
For several years he has also been presi
dent of the New York museum of natural
history.
JESUP, THOMAS S., soldier, was born
in 1778 in Virginia. He was a brave and
useful officer during the war of 1812, and
was retained in the army. He was bre-
vetted major-general in 1828, and was suc
ceeded in command in Florida by Col.
Zachary Taylor in 1838. He died June 10,
I860, in Washington, D. C.
JETER, JEREMIAH BELL, clergyman,
author, was born July 18, 1802, in Bedford
county, Va. He was a baptist clergyman
prominent in the south as a preacher
and controversialist, and the author of
Campbellism Examined; Campbellism Re-
Examined; The Seal of Heaven; The
Christian Mirror; and Recollections of a
Long Life. He died Feb. 25, 1880, in
Richmond, Va.
530
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JETER. THOMAS B., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, governor, was born in 1825.
He served several terms as state senator
of South Carolina; was president of the
senate at the time of the resignation of
Governor Simpson, in 1880, and by virtue
of his office, became governor of the state.
He resigned in 1880 to accept the posi
tion of chief justice of the state supreme
court; and in 1883 was appointed one of
the railroad commissioners of the state.
He died May 20, 1883.
JETT, THOMAS M., lawyer, congress
man, was born May 1, 1862, in Bedford
county, 111. He attended the common
schools of the coun
ties of Bond and
Montgomery; two
years at the North
ern Indiana Normal
school, Valparaiso,
Ind.; taught school
for three terms, read
law with Judge Phil
lips of Hillsboro, m.,
and was admitted to
practice in May, 1887.
He was elected
state's attorney of
Montgomery county, 111., in 1889, and
served two terms, covering a period of
about eight years. He was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
JEWELL, HARRY D., lawyer, jurist,
was born March 5, 1869, in Wheaton, 111.
For two years he was assistant law li
brarian of his alma mater; was editor of
the Michigan Law Journal, and in 3896
was elected judge of probate of Kent
county, Mich.
JEWELL, JAMES STEWART, physi
cian, educator, was born Sept. 8, 1837,
in Galena, 111. He was professor of anat
omy in Chicago Medical college from 1864
till 1869, and of nervous and mental dis
eases from 1872 till his death. He died
April 19, 1887, in Chicago, 111.
JEWELL, MARSHALL, governor,
statesman, was born Oct. 20, 1825, in Win
chester, N. H. He was governor of Con
necticut from 1868 to 1870; was appointed
minister plenipotentiary to Russia in
1873; and in 1874 was appointed postmas
ter-general in the cabinet of President
Grant. He died Feb. 10, 1883, in Hartford,
Conn.
JEWETT, C. C., lawyer, jurist, was an
early emigrant to Arkansas. He was ap
pointed a justice of the United States
court for that territory. After it became
a state he continued on the bench as
judge of the United States district court.
JEWETT, CHARLES COFFIN, biblio
grapher, author, was born Aug. 12, 1816,
in Lebanon, Maine. He was a biblio
grapher who was the first superintendent
of the Boston public library; and the au
thor of Facts and Considerations Rela
tive to Duties on Books; Notices of
Public Libraries in the United States;
and Construction of Catalogues. He died
Jan. 9, 1868, in Braintree, Mass.
JEWETT, FREEBORN G., jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1790 in New York.
He was a member of the assembly of that
state in 1826 and 1827; was a representa
tive in congress from 1831 to 1833; and
from 1846 to 1856 was a judge of the
supreme court of New York. He died
Feb. 23, 1858.
JEWETT, GEORGE BAKER, educator,
author, was born Sept. 11, 1818, in Leb
anon, Maine. He was a New England edu
cator whose principal works were Baptism
Versus Immersion; and Critique on the
Greek Text of the New Testament. He
died June 9, 1886, in Salem, Mass.
JEWETT, HUGH J., lawyer, congress
man, was born about 1812, in Deer Creek,
Md. He studied law in Cecil county; left
Maryland in early
manhood, and re
moved to Ohio,
where he practiced
his profession; held
no public position
until 1872. He was
elected a representa
tive from Ohio to the
forty-fourth c o n-
gress; and soon re
signed to accept the
position of president
of the Erie Railroad
company, which position he still fills.
JEWETT, ISAAC APPLETON, lawyer,
author, was born Oct. 17, 1808, in Bur
lington, Vt. He was a successful lawyer
of Cincinnati, and later of New Orleans.
He was the author of Passages in Trav
el; and The Appleton Memorial. He
died Jan. 14, 1853, in Keene, N. H.
JEWETT, JOSHUA H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 12, 1812, in Deer
Creek, Md. He was elected a representa
tive from Kentucky to the thirty-fourth
and thirty-fifth congresses.
JEWETT, LUTHER, clergyman, physi
cian, congressman, was born Dec. 24, 1772,
in Canterbury, Conn. He was for fifteen
years a member of the Vermont legisla
ture; and was a representative in con
gress from Vermont from 1815 to 1817.
He died March 8, 1860, in St. Johnsbury,
Vt.
JEWETT, MILO PARKER, educator,
author, was born April 27, 1808, in St.
Johnsbury, Vt. He was an educator who
was the first president of Vassar college,
and the author of Baptism; and The Re
lation of Boards of Health and Intemper
ance. He died June 9, 1882, in Milwau
kee, Wis.
JEWETT, SARAH ORNE, author, was
born Sept. 3, 1849, in South Berwick,
Maine. She is a popular writer of
Maine. She is the noted author of Old
Friends and New; Play-Days; Country
By-Ways; Deephaven; The Mate of the
Daylight, and Friends Ashore; A Country
Doctor; A Marsh Island; A White Heron,
and Other Stories; The Story of the Nor
mans, an historical work; The King of
Folly Island, and Other People; Betty
Leicester, a Story for Girls; Strangers and
Wayfarers; A Native of Winby, and Oth
er Tales; The Life of Nancy; and The
Country of the Pointed Firs.
JEWETT, SHERMAN SKINNER, foun-
(Iryrnan, banker, was born Jan. 17, 1818,
in Moravia, N. Y. He decided to con-
fine his attention to
the production of
stoves of every de
scription, a line of
trade then in its in
fancy. The business
rapidly increased
until, in 1854, a
branch office and
warehouse were
^ opened in Chicago,
branches in Detroit,
Milwaukee, Denver
and San Francisco
becoming necessary in due course of time.
He voted in 1880 in the electoral college
for James A. Garfleld for president of the
United States. As one of the projectors
of the elaborate system of public parks
in the city of Buffalo in 1868, and as presi
dent of the park commissioners since
1879, he displayed his appreciation of an
enterprise which has proved a general
benefit.
.
JEWETT, SUSAN W., poet, journal
ist, author. In 1847 she conducted a
juvenile monthly magazine, called the
Youth's Visitor. She was the author of
The Old Corner Cupboard, containing
poems and prose sketches of everyday
life.
JEWETT, THEODORE HERMAN, phy
sician, was born March 24, 1815, in South
Berwick, Maine. He was professor of ob
stetrics and diseases of women and chil
dren in the medical department of Bow-
doin, consulting surgeon to the Mairie
general hospital, and surgeon of the first
Maine district during the civil war. He
died Sept. 20, 1878, in Crawford Notch,
N. H.
JEWETT, THOMAS L., railroad presi
dent, was born about 1810 in Maryland.
He was at one time a judge in a state
court, but became interested in the con
struction of the Pan-Handle railroad, and
was chosen its president. He died in
November, 1875, in New York city.
JEWETT, WILLIAM ORRINGTON
LUNT, soldier, lawyer, legislator, was
born Dec. 26, 1836, in Maine. He served
in the civil war and has been prosecut
ing attorney of Shelby county, Mo., for
two terms; and for two terms was a rep
resentative in the Missouri state legisla
ture.
JOCELYN, GEORGE BENIERS, college
president, was born Jan. 3, 1824, in New
Haven, Conn. In 1861 he was elected
president of the Iowa Wesleyan uni
versity, and pastor of the university
chapel. Later he was pastor of Asbury
chapel at Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, whence he
was called to the presidency of Albion
college, which position he occupied until
his death. He died Jan. 27, 1877, in Al
bion college.
JOHN, JOHN PRICE DURBIN, educat
or, college president, lecturer, was born
Nov. 25, 1843, in Brookville, Ind. He has
been a clergyman in the Indiana confer
ence; professor of mathematics, and
president of the Brookville college; and
professor of mathematics, vice-president
and president of the De Pauw univer
sity of Greencastle, Ind.
JOHNES, EDWARD RODOLPH, law
yer, author, was born Sept. 8, 1852, in
Whitesboro, N. Y. He is counsel for the
American Ornithological union, and has
aided the development of many business
enterprises. He is the author of a book of
verse entitled Briefs by Barristers.
JOHNS, JOHN, bishop, college presi
dent, author, was born July 10, 1796, in
New Castle, Del. He was elected assistant
bishop of Virginia and was consecrated
in 1842. In 1862 he became the successor
of Bishop Meade. He was also president
of William and Mary college from 1849
till 1854. He published a Memorial of
Bishop Meade. He died April 6, 1876, in
Fairfax county, Va.
JOHNS, KENSEY, lawyer, jurist, was
born June 14, 1759, in Maryland. He was
appointed associate judge of the supreme
court of Delaware. In 1798, on the death
of Mr. Read, he succeeded him as chief
justice of Delaware, retaining the office
for thirty years. He died Dec. 21, 1848,
in New Castle, Del.
JOHNS, KENSEY, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 10, 1791, in New
Castle, Del. He was a representative in
congress from Delaware from 1827 to
1831; and in 1832 was appointed chancel
lor of the state of Delaware, in which ca
pacity he was still serving at the time
of his death. He died March 28, 1857, in
New Castle, Del.
HEHRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
531
JOHNSON, ALEXANDER BRYAN,
banker, author, was born May 29, 1786,
in England. He was a prominent banker
of Utica for nearly half a century; and
the author of Treatise on Banking; The
Philosophy of Human Knowledge; Re
ligion in Its Relations to the Present Life;
The Physiology of the Senses; The Mean
ing of Words; Nature and Value of Capi
tal; Encyclopaedia of Instruction; and
Guide to the Right Understanding of Our
American Union. He died Sept. 9, 1867,
in Utica, N. Y.
JOHNSON, ALEXANDER BYRON, edu
cator. In 1875 he was president of the
Ohio Teachers' association; in 1881-83
was a member of the state board of exam
iners; and for several years he has been
a lecturer at institutes in western states.
JOHNSON, ALEXANDER SMITH, law
yer, jurist, was born July 30, 1817, in
Utica, N. Y. In 1852 he was elected to the
bench of the court of appeals, and re
moved to Albany, serving one term. He
subsequently returned to his native town;
and in 1873 was appointed a commissioner
of appeals to fill a vacancy. Before the
close of the year he was reappointed a
judge of the court of appeals, holding the
office until 1874. In 1875 he was appoint
ed United States judge for the second cir
cuit to fill a vacancy. He died Jan. 26,
1878.
JOHNSON, ALFRED, lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, was born in Newburyport,
Mass. He became a noted lawyer of New
England; was a
member of the legi's-
lature before the
separation, of the
convention which
framed the state con
stitution, and subse
quently of the leg
islature. In 1820
he was made judge
of probate, and so
continued for eight
een years. He was
an overseer and
trustee of Bowdoin college; and contrib
uted valuable papers to current litera
ture. He died in 1852.
JOHNSON, ALFRED SIDNEY, journal
ist, author, was born Dec. 15, 1860, in
Canada. He has been a successful edu
cator; and is now the editor of Current
History, a valuable magazine published
by the New England Publishing com
pany of Boston, Mass.
JOHNSON, ANDREW, seventeenth
president of the United States, was born
Dec. 29, 1808, in Raleigh, N. C. At
the age of ten years
he was apprenticed
to a tailor, with
whom he remained
seven years. He
never attended
school, but in 1827
he married Miss
Eliza McCardle, who
taught him to write
and cipher. In 1826
he removed to Gran-
ville, Tenn., and was
elected alderman of
that village in 1828-29. In 1830 he was
elected mayor, and held the office three
years. In 1835 he was elected to the state
legislature, was defeated in 1837, and elect
ed again in 1839. In 1841 he was
elected to the state senate, and in 1843
to the national house of representatives,
which office he held, by successive re-
elections, for ten years. In 1853 he was
elected governor of Tennessee, and re-
elected in 1855. At the expiration of his
gubernatorial term, in 1857, he was elect
ed United States senator by the Tennessee
legislature. In 1862 he was appointed
military governor of Tennessee. He was
nominated for vice-president at the Balti
more convention, June 8, 1864. Being a
successful candidate, he took the oath of
office March 4, 1865. Upon the death of
President Lincoln he became president,
and took the oath of office April 15, 1865.
He was impeached by the house of rep
resentatives Feb. 24, 1868, by a vote of
125 ayes to 40 nays. The following rep
resentatives were chosen as managers, on
the part of the house, to conduct the bill
of impeachment before the senate: Messrs.
John A. Bingham, of Ohio; George S.
Boutwell, of Massachusetts; Benjamin
Franklin Butler, of Massachusetts; Thad-
deus Stevens, of Pennsylvania; Thomas
Williams, of Pennsylvania; John A.
Logan, of Illinois, and James F. Wilson,
of Iowa. The counsel for the president
were Messrs. Benjamin R. Curtis, of Mas
sachusetts; William M. Evarts, of New
York; William S. Groesbeck, of Ohio;
Thomas A. R. Nelson, of Tennessee, and
Henry Stanbery, of Ohio. The trial was
begun March 30, 1868, before the United
States senate, sitting as a court of im
peachment, presided over by Chief Justice
Chase. President Johnson was acquitted
by the senate May 26, by a vote of 19 to
35, the constitution requiring a vote of
two-thirds to convict. President John
son and Secretary Stanton quarreled over
reconstruction questions, and on Aug.
5, 1867, the president requested him to
resign, which the secretary refused to do.
He gave way, under protest, Aug. 12, to
General U. S. Grant as secretary of war
ad interim. The senate reinstated Secre
tary Stanton Jan. 13, 1868. On Feb. 21,
1868, General Lorenzo Thomas was ap
pointed secretary of war ad interim, but
Secretary Stanton still refused to vacate.
Jphnson's impeachment followed, and on
his acquittal Stanton resigned. On the"
4th of March, 1869, he retired from the
presidency to his home in Granville,
Tenn. In 1870 he was a candidate before
the Tennessee legislature for United
States senator, but was defeated by two
votes. In 1872 he was a candidate for
representative in congress, and was de
feated. In 1875 he was elected to the
United States senate, and took his seal;
March 4, and died July 31, 1875. John
son held office thirty-six years. He was
probably worth $50,000.
JOHNSON, ANDREW WALLACE,
naval officer, was born Feb. 24, 1826, in
Washington, D. C. He was appointed
midshipman in 1841. He was made lieu
tenant-commander in 1862; and was cap
tain in 1874. He died June 14, 1887, in
Washington, D. C.
JOHNSON, ARTEMAS NIXON, publish
er, author, was born June 22, 1817, in
Middlebury, Vt. His publications include
Thorough Base Instruction-Book; Choir
Chorus Book; Handel Collection of
Church Music; American Choir; Melo-
deon, Organ, and Harmony; Alleghany
Collection of Church Music; The True
Singing-School Text-Book; The Standard
Glee Book; New Harmony Book; Parlor
Organ Instruction; and Natural Art of
Singing.
JOHNSON, BARTON W., educator, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1833 in Illi
nois. He was a Campbellite minister and
educator of Iowa; and the author of The
Vision of the Ages; Commentary on
John; The People's New Testament; and
Young Folks in Bible Lands. He died in
1894.
JOHNSON, BENJAMIN, jurist. He was
an early emigrant to the territory of Ar
kansas; and in 1821 was appointed United
States judge for that territory, serving
in that capacity until 1833.
JOHNSON, BENJAMIN PIERCE, agri
culturist, author, was born Nov. 30, 1793,
in Canaan, N. Y. He was president of the
State Agricultural society in 1845, and
its corresponding secretary from 1847 till
1869. He wrote, besides reports, essays,
and papers on agricultural subjects, The
Dairy; and edited The New York Farm
er; The Transactions of the New York
Agricultural Society; and Journal of the
New York Agricultural Society. He died
April 12, 1869, in Albany, N. Y.
JOHNSON, BUSHROD RUST, soldier,
educator, was born Oct. 7, 1817, in Bel-
mont county, Ohio. He became professor
and subsequently superintendent of the
Western Military institute of Kentucky
at Georgetown. He entered the confeder
ate service in 1861, and was commissioned
brigadier-general. He died Sept. 11, 1880,
in Brighton, 111.
JOHNSON, CAVE, lawyer, jurist, bank
er, congressman, was born Jan. 11, 1793,
in Robertson county, Tenn. He was a
circuit judge for sev
eral years. He was a
representative i n
congress from Ten
nessee from 1829 to
1837, and again from
i»39 to 1845; after
which he went into
the cabinet of Presi
dent Polk, as post
master-general. He
also held, for many
years, the position of
president of the
bank of Tennessee, which he resigned in
1859. He died Nov. 23, 1866, in Clarks-
ville, 'lenn.
JOHNSON, CHAPMAN, soldier, lawyer,
orator, state senator, was born March 12,
1799, in Louisa county, Va. During the
war of 1812 he was captain of a volunteer
company, and he afterward served as aide
to General James Breckinridge. From
1815 till 1831 he served in the state senate
and he was a member of the Virginia
convention of 1829-30 as champion of
the white basis party. He died July 12,
1849, in Richmond, Va.
JOHNSON, CHARLES FREDERICK,
educator, author, was born in 1836 in New
York. He is a professor of English liter
ature in Trinity college; and the author
of English Words, an Elementary Study
of Derivations; and Three Americans and
Three Englishmen, lectures.
JOHNSON, CHARLES P., lawyer, state
legislator, was born Jan. 18, 1836, in Leb
anon, 111. In 1859 he was elected city
attorney of St. Louis; in 1866 was a mem
ber of the state legislature; in 1866 was
appointed circuit attorney for the city and
county of St. Louis; in 1872 was elected
lieutenant-governor; and in 1892 was ten
dered and accepted the professorship of
criminal law in the law department in the
university of St. Louis.
JOHNSON, CLIFTON, author, was born
in 1865 in Massachusetts. He is a writer
and illustrator of Hadley, Mass., best
known by his photographic illustrations
to White's Selborne and other books. He
is the author of What They Say in New
England; A Book of Country Clouds and
Sunshine; The Country School in New
England; The Farmer's Boy; and The
New England Country.
JOHNSON, D. B., lawyer, jurist, was
born in New York. He was appointed an
associate justice of the United States for
the territory of New Mexico, residing at
Santa Fe.
HERP.INCSSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JOHNSON, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, governor, was born Oct. 3,
1782, in Louisa county, Va. He was a
member of the legislature of that state In
1812. He was judge of the court of ap
peals from 1824 to 1835; and chancellor
from 1835 to 1846. He was governor of
South Carolina from 1846 to 1848. He died
Jan. 7, 1855, in Limestone Springs, S. C.
JOHNSON, DAVID, artist, was born
May 10, 1827, in New York city. He was
one of the founders of the Artists' Fund
society, and has exhibited at the academy
Echo Lake; On the Wallkill River; New
Berlin, N. Y. ; View of Tarrytown, N. Y.
JOHNSON, DAVID B., lawyer, jurist,
was born April 17, 1833, in Lowndes coun
ty, Ga. He has attained eminence as an
able lawyer; and for many years was
county judge of Hamilton county, Fla.
JOHNSON, EASTMAN, artist, was born
July 29, 1824, in Lovell, Maine. In 1845
he moved from Boston to Washington,
D. C., where he drew
portraits of Daniel
Webster, John
Quincy Adams, and
• other distinguished
1 men. Since 1859 he
has had his studio in
New York city, and
since 1860 has con
tributed to each of
the annual exhibi
tions of the Nation
al academy. Among
his pictures are The
Old Kentucky Home; Prisoners of State;
The Barefoot Boy; and Bo-Peep. He ex
cels as a portrait painter, and his works
include likenesses of Grover Cleveland,
Chester A. Arthur, and William M.
Evarts.
JOHNSON, EDWARD, author, was born
In 1599 in England. He was the principal
founder of Woburn, Mass., in 1640, and a
prominent citizen of that town for the
rest of his life. He was the author of
The Wonder-Working Providence of
Zion's Savior in New England, which is a
valuable account of New England from the
English planting in 1628 till 1652; and
an edition, with Introduction and Notes
by W. F. Poole. He died April 23, 1672, in
Woburn. Mass.
JOHNSON, EDWARD, soldier, was born
April 16. 1X16. in Chesterfield county, Va.
In 1861 he joined the confederate army,
was appointed colonel of the twelfth
Georgia volunteers, brigadier-general in
1862, and major-general in 1863. He died
Feb. 22, 1873, in Richmond, Va.
JOHNSON, EDWARD AUGUSTUS, law
yer, educator, author, was born in Ra
leigh, N. C. He attended the Atlanta
university, and has become a prominent
lawyer of his native city. For many years
her was engaged in educational work; and
is the author of a School History of the
Negro Race.
JOHNSON. EDWIN A., clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1829 in New York. He
is a methodlst clergyman; and the au
thor of Half-Hour Studies of Life; The
Live Boy, or Charley's Letters; Winter
Greeneries at Home; and The Lily vale
Club and Its Doings.
JOHNSON, ELIAS HENRY, educator,
clergyman, was born Oct. 15, 1841,
in Troy. N. Y. He has filled numer-
iiiis pastorates in Minnesota, New York,
Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania; and lias
been professor of systematic theology in
the Crozer Theological seminary.
JOHNSON. ELIJAH EMORY, lawyer,
legislator. Jurist, was born May 23, 1841,
In East Haddam. Conn. He received his
education at the Wllbraham academy, and
in 1862 graduated from the Union college
of Schenectady, N. Y. In 1879 he was
admitted to the bar; was a member of
the board of education for nine years;
and justice of the peace for twenty-one
years. In 1879-80 he was a member of tbe
general assembly of Connecticut, and
served with distinction on several im
portant committees. He was the founder
of the East Haddam Savings bank; found
er of the Connecticut Valley Advertiser;
and in 1895 founded the Columbia Law
and Collection bureau of Connecticut.
He is the author of Our Local Industries,
and other works.
JOHNSON, ELIZABETH BRYANT, au
thor, was born in Kentucky. For many
years she has been a resident of the na
tional capital. She is the author of The
Original Portraits of Washington; and
George Washington Day by Day.
JOHNSON, ERIC, soldier, journalist,
legislator, was born July 15, 1838. in
Sweden. During the civil war he was
captain of company B, fifty-seventh regi
ment Illinois volunteer infantry; was a
member of the Nebraska legislature in
1889; and is now the editor and owner
of The New Era of Wahoo, Neb.
JOHNSON, EVAN MALBONE, clergy
man, was born June 6, 1791, in Bristol,
K. I. In 1826 he built, on his own ground
and at his own expense, St. John's church
in Brooklyn, N. Y., and served it, without
remuneration, for more than twenty
years. He died in 1865 in Brooklyn, N. Y.
JOHNSON, EVANGELINE MARIE, au
thor, poet. She has translated Fire and
Flame, from the German of Levin Schuck-
ing; and has prepared An Analytical In
dex to the Works of Nathaniel Haw
thorne; and An Index to the Works of
Shakspere. She has contributed nu
merous poems to periodicals, the best
known of which is that entitled Daugh
ters of Toil.
JOHNSON, FRANCIS, congressman,
was born in Caroline county, Va. He was
a representative in congress from Ken
tucky in 1820 to fill a vacancy; and from
1821 to 1827.
JOHNSON, FRANCIS HOWE, clergy
man, author, was born in 1835 in Massa
chusetts. He is a congregational clergy
man in Andover, Mass.; and the author of
What Is Reality? an Inquiry as to the
Reasonableness of Natural Religion, and
the Naturalness of Revealed Religion.
JOHNSON, FRANK GRANT, physician,
inventor, author, was born Jan. 30, 1835,
in East Windsor, Conn. He is a physician
and inventor of Brooklyn; and the au
thor of The Water Meter and the Actual
Measurement System; The Nicholson and
Other Pavements; Health Lifts; and In
fected Air and Disinfectants.
JOHNSON, FRANKLIN, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1836. He is a
baptist clergyman, professor in Chicago
university, and previously pastor of a
church in Cambridge. He is the author of
Quotations of the New Testament from
the Old; True Womanhood; The New
Psychic Studies in Their Relation to
Christian Thought; Heine's Lyrical Inter
ludes, with introduction and notes; and
Dies Irae, and Stabat Mater, with intro
duction and notes.
JOHNSON, FREDERICK A., banker,
congressman, was born Jan. 2, 1833, in
Glens Falls, N. Y. In 1871 he engaged in
the business of private banking at Glens
Falls. He was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-eighth con
gress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth congress as a republican.
JOHNSON, GERTRUDE TRACY, edu
cator, poet, was born in 1844 in Chau-
tauqua county, N. Y. For twenty years
she has been super
vising principal of a
large grammar
school of Kansas
City, Mo.; and since
• her youth has been
engaged in educa-
t. tional work. She
I has written exten-
* sively on the prob
lems of education,
sociology, politics,
religion, and science;
and many of her
poems have been given a place in stan
dard collections.
JOHNSON, GROVE LAWRENCE, law
yer, congressman, was born March 27,
1841, in Syracuse, N. Y. He was a member
of the California assembly in 1878-79;
and of the California state senate in 1880,
1881, and 1882. He was chairman of the
committee on platform in the republican
state conventions of California in 1888,
1892, and 1894; and was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
JOHNSON, GUSTAVUS, pianist, com
poser, was born Nov. 2, 1856, in England.
He is a pianist and teacher of Minneap
olis, Minn.; and ranks among the fore
most in the northwest. He is the author
of numerous pieces for the piano; an
thems and chamber music; and a con
certo for piano and orchestra.
JOHNSON, HARVEY H., congressman,
was born in Vermont. He removed to
Ohio; and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1853 to
1855.
JOHNSON, MRS. HELEN [KEN-
DRICK], journalist, author, was born in
1843 in Hamilton, N. Y. She has edited
Our Familiar Songs; Tears for the Little
Ones; The Nutshell Series, and other
works; and has written Raleigh West-
gate, or Epimenides in Maine; The Rod
dy Books; and Woman and the Republic.
JOHNSON, HENRY, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, governor, United States sen
ator, was born Sept. 14, 1783, in Tennes
see. He was elected a senator in congress
in 1818 to fill a vacancy, and held that
position until 1824, in which year he was
elected governor of Louisiana. In 1826 he
was re-elected, holding that office for four
consecutive years. He was a representa
tive from Louisiana to the twenty-fourth
and twenty-fifth congresses; and in 1844
was elected to fill a vacancy in the United
States senate, serving until 1849. He died
Sept. 4, 1864, in Point Coupee, La.
JOHNSON, HENRY C.. lawyer, state
legislator, was born March 29, 1826, in
Pittsburg, Pa. He held a number of im
portant public positions, among which
were those of attorney-general of New
Mexico and district and prosecuting at
torney for Crawford county, Pa. He was
a representative in the state legislature
for several terms, during one of which
he was speaker of the house. He was ap
pointed commissioner of customs in the
treasury department at Washington, in
which office he served until 1885.
JOHNSON, HENRY THEODORE, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 10, 1857, in
Georgetown, S. C. He founded Slater col
lege in Tennessee, became president of the
institution, and was also presiding elder
of a large district for three years. He
is the author of a volume entitled Divine
Logos.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
533
JOHNSON, HENRY U., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 28,
1850, in Cambridge City, Ind. He was
elected prosecuting attorney for Wayne
county in 1876; and re-elected in 1878.
He was elected to the state senate from
Wayne county in 1886; and served in the
legislative sessions of 1887 and 1889. He
was elected to the fifty-second, fifty-third,
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a
republican.
JOHNSON, HERMAN MERRILLS, edu
cator, clergyman, college president, au
thor, was born Nov. 25, 1815, in Butter
nuts, N. Y. In 1850 he became professor
of philosophy and English literature in
Dickinson college, which post he retained
for ten years. In 1860 he was called to the
presidency of the college and the chair
of moral science, which he held till his
death. He died April 5, 1868, in Carlisle,
Pa.
JOHNSON, HERRICK, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 21, 1832,
near Fonda, N. Y. He is a presbyterian
clergyman of Chicago, professor in Mc-
Cormick Theological seminary from 1880;
and the author of Christianity's Chal
lenge; Plain Talks about Theaters;
Forms for Special Occasions; and Re
vivals.
JOHNSON, HERSCHELL VESPASIAN,
lawyer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Sept. 18, 1812, in Burke county, Ga.
He was a presiden
tial elector in 1844;
and in 1848 was ap
pointed to fill a va
cancy in the United
States senate. In
1849 he was elected a
judge of the su
perior court. He
subsequently served
in the confederate
senate; was a dele-
gate to the Philadel
phia national union
convention of 1866; and after the rebel
lion became a judge of the supreme court
of Georgia. He died Aug. 16, 1880, in Jef
ferson county, Ga.
JOHNSON, HEZEKIAH S., lawyer, jur
ist, journalist, state legislator, was born
Sept. 12, 1828, in Pittsburg, Pa. In 1849
he moved to New Mexico; held the offices
of district attorney, clerk of court, and
treasurer of the territory; and in 1863
was elected to the territorial legislature.
In 1869 he was appointed associate justice
of the supreme court of New Mexico, and
was reappointed in 1871.
JOHNSON, HORACE B., soldier, law
yer, was born Aug. 14, 1842, in Marengo,
111. He received his education at the
Upper Iowa university of Fayette. Dur
ing the civil war he was a captain in the
army. In 1865-68 he was circuit attorney
in Missouri; and in 1869-70 was attorney-
general for the state of Missouri. He is
one of the leading lawyers of the west,
and now has an extensive law practice in
Denver, Colo.
JOHNSON, HORACE CHAUNCEY, art
ist, was born Feb. 1, 1820, in Oxford, Conn.
He attained prominence as a portrait and
landscape painter.
JOHNSON, HUGH EDGAR, journalist,
was born Feb. 24, 1868, in Henderson
county, N. C. He received the rudiments
of his education in the public schools, and
subsequently took a commercial course
at college. In 1888 he established The
Tribune of Fullerton, Cal., of which he is
still editor and owner.
JOHNSON, ISAAC, governor, was born
in England. He was governor of Louisi
ana from 1845 to 1850. He died March
15, 1853, in New Orleans, La.
JOHNSON, JAMES, state legislator,
congressman, was born in Virginia. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1813 to 1820. He also served
in the state legislature. He died Dec. 7,
1825, in Norfolk, Va.
JOHNSON, JAMES, soldier, congress
man, was born Jan. 1, 1774, in Orange
county, Va. He served as lieutenant-col
onel at the battle of the Thames; and
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky during the years 1825 and 1826.
He died Aug. 14, 1826, in Great Crossings,
Ky.
JOHNSON, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, governor, was born in 1811 in
Robinson county, N. C. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1851 to 1853.
In 1865 he was appointed provisional gov
ernor of Georgia; and in 1866 was ap
pointed collector of customs at Savannah,
where he remained until 1869. He was
subsequently made a judge of the circuit
court of the state.
JOHNSON, JAMES A., state legislator,
congressman, was born May 16, 1829, in
Spartanburg, S. C. He was elected to the
state legislature in 1859; and was elected
a representative from California to the
fortieth and forty-first congresses as a
democrat.
JOHNSON, JAMES H., state senator,
congressman, was born in New Hamp
shire. He was a state senator in 1839;
was a state counselor in 1842 and 1843;
and was a representative in congress from
1845 to 1847.
JOHNSON, JAMES L., congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1849 to 1851.
JOHNSON, JAMES NEELY, governor
of California, was born about 1828 in
Indiana. From 1856-58 was governor of
California. He died in August, 1872, in
Salt Lake City, Utah.
JOHNSON, JAMES WILLIS, merchant,
state senator, was born Feb. 24, 1826, in
Enfield, N. H. As a republican he was
elected to a number of positions of honor
in his native state, including a seat in the
New Hampshire legislature in 1860, 1865-
66 and 1875. He was a member of the
state senate in 1876-77, railroad commis
sioner in 1878, serving two years, and in
1878 was nominated for congress by the
greenback party, but met with defeat.
He died Dec. 18, 1886, in Boston, Mass.
JOHNSON. JEROMUS, congressman,
was born in Kings county, N. Y. He was
a representative in congress from New
York city from 1825 to 1829. He died
Sept. 7, 1846, in Goshen, N. Y.
JOHNSON, JOEL HILLS, merchant,
was born Nov. 16, 1860, in Virgin City,
Utah. After receiving a liberal educa
tion, he entered mercantile pursuits, and
has become a successful n^grchant of
Kane county, Utah. He is prominent in
public affairs, and he has filled numerous
important public offices of trust.
JOHNSON, JOHN, agriculturist, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1808
in Ireland. He served as a member of
the Ohio senate ; also in the last consti
tutional convention of that state; and
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1851 to 1853.
JOHNSON, JOHN BUTLER, educator,
civil engineer, author, was born in 1850
in Ohio. He is a professor of civil en
gineering in Washington university at
St. Louis from 1883; and the author of
Theory and Practice of Surveying; Mod
ern Framed Structures; and Stadia and
Earth-Work Tables.
JOHNSON, JOHN T., clergyman, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Oct.
5, 1788, in Great Crossings, Ky. He was
once judge of the court of appeals of
Kentucky; and represented that state in
congress from 1821 to 1825. He died Dec.
17, 1856, in Lexington, Mo.
JOHNSON, JOHN W., physician, legis
lator, was born June 14, 1856, in Framing-
ham Center, Mass. For three years he
was professor of obstetrics in Tufts col
lege Medical school. He is a successful
physician of Boston, Mass.; has been a
member of the city council; and in 1896-
97 served with distinction as a member of
the Massachusetts state legislature.
JOHNSON, JOSEPH, congressman, gov
ernor, was born Dec. 19, 1785, in Orange
county, N. Y. He moved to Virginia, and
was elected a representative in congress
from 1823 to 1827, from 1835 to 1841, and
from 1845 to 1847. He was governor of
Virginia from 1852 to 1856. He died Feb.
27, 1877, in Bridgeport, W. Va.
JOHNSON, JOSEPH HORSFALL, bish
op of Los Angeles, Cal., was born June 7,
1847, in Schenectady, N. Y. He was con
secrated on Feb. 24, 1896, in Christ church,
Detroit. He is the author of numerous
sermons and papers.
JOHNSON, JOSEPH TABER, educator,
physician, lecturer, was born June 30,
1845, in Lowell, Mass. He was elected lec
turer on obstetrics in the medical de
partment of the university of George
town in 1874, full professor of the same
in 1876, and is now president of this de
partment. He has edited volumes ten
and eleven of the Transactions of the
American Gynecological Society.
JOHNSON, MRS. LAURA [WIN-
THROP], author, was born in 1825 in
Connecticut. She is a writer of New-
York city; and the author of Little Blos
som's Reward; Poems of Twenty Years;
and Eight Hundred Miles in an Ambu
lance.
JOHNSON, LAWRENCE, type-founder,
inventor, was born Jan. 23, 1801, in Eng
land. He established a successful stereo
type-foundry in Philadelphia, Pa , and in
1833 he purchased the Philadelphia type-
foundry, which, under his management,
became one of the largest in the country.
He died April 26, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pa.
JOHNSON, MADISON CONYERS, law
yer, banker, legislator, was born Sept. 21,
1806, near Georgetown, Ky. In 1850 he
was chosen one of the commissioners to
adopt and draw up the Kentucky code of
practice, and in 1853 and 1857 he was
elected to the legislature. From 1858 till
his death he was president of the North
ern bank of Kentucky. He died Dec. 7,
1886, in Lexington. Ky.
JOHNSON, MARTIN N., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1850
in Wisconsin. He served a term in each
branch of the Iowa legislature and was a
Hayes elector for the Dubuque district in
the electoral college of 1876. He re
moved to Dakota in 1882, and took up
government land, on which he still re
sides. He was elected district attorney in
1886 and re-elected in 1888. He was elect
ed to the fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a re
publican.
JOHNSON, MARY ANN, matron, lec
turer, was born Aug. 4, 1808, in West
moreland, Vt. She was matron in the
female state prison at Sing Sing, N. Y.
She died June 8, 1872, in New York.
JOHNSON, NOADIAH, state legisla
tor, congressman. He served in the legis
lature of New York; and was a mem
ber of congress from 1833 to 1835. Hfe
died April 4, 1839, in Albany, N. Y.
534
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JOHNSON, OKEY, lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born March 24, 1834, in Long
Reach, Va. In 1856 he graduated from
the Marietta high
school, which insti
tution conferred the
degree of A. M. up
on him in 1874; and
in 1858 from the law
school of the Har
vard university, with
the degree of LL. B.
He practiced his pro
fession at Parkers-
burg until 1877, when
he took his seat on
the supreme bench of
West Virginia. He was twice a candi
date for presidential elector; was elected
to the state senate in 1870; to the consti
tutional convention in 1871, and was one
of the most prominent members in the
constitutional convention of 1872. He
was a member of the supreme court dur
ing 1877-89, and was president of the
court for nearly eight years. Since 1895
he has been dean of the law college of
the West Virginia university. As a lec
turer and teacher of law he has been em
inently successful, both oratorically and
practically.
JOHNSON, OLIVER, journalist, lectur
er, author, was born Dec. 27, 1809, in
Peacham, Vt. He was an editor and lec
turer of New York city, successively man
aging editor of The Independent, editor of
the Weekly Tribune, and editor of the
Christian Union. He was the author of
William Lloyd Garrison and His Times.
He died Dec. 10, 1889, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
JOHNSON, OVID PRAZER, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1807, near Wilkesbarre,
Pa. In 1833-45 he was attorney-general
of Pennsylvania. He attained distinction
as a political writer, and was the author
of the political satires entitled the Gov
ernor's Letters. He died in February,
1854, in Washington, D. C.
JOHNSON, PERLEY B., congressman,
was born in Ohio. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845.
JOHNSON, PHILIP, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 17, 1818, in War
ren county, N. J. He was elected a rep
resentative from Pennsylvania to the
thirty-seventh congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-eighth congress. He
was a delegate to the Chicago convention
of 1864; and was re-elected to the thirty-
ninth congress. He died Jan. 31, 1867, in
Washington, D. C.
JOHNSON, PHILIP CARRIGAIN, naval
officer, was born Nov. 21, 1828, in Maine.
He served as chief signal officer of the
navy, and in 1884 was promoted to the
rank of commodore and placed in com
mand of Portsmouth navy-yard. He was
promoted to rear-admiral in 1887. He
died Jan. 28, 1887, in Portsmouth, N. H.
JOHNSON, REVERDY, lawyer, jurist.
United States senator, was born May 21,
1796, in Annapolis, Md. In 1817 he moved
to Baltimore; in 1820 was appointed chief
commissioner of insolvent debtors, which
office he held until 1821, when he was
elected to the state senate, serving five
years. He was re-elected and resigned In
the second year of that term; and in 1845
was chosen a senator in congress, where
he remained until 1849, when he resigned
to accept the post of attorney-general of
the United States In 1862 he was again
elected a senator in congress from his
native state for the term commencing
in 1863 and ending in 1869. He died Feb.
10, 1876, in England.
JOHNSON, RICHARD MENTOR, ninth
vice-president of the United States, was
born Oct. 17, 1781, in Bryant's Station,
Ky. In 1807 he was
chosen a represen
tative in congress
from Kentucky,
which post he held
until 1813. He great-
lydistinguished him
self at the battle of
the Thames, and the
chief, Tecumseh, is
said to have been
killed by his hand.
In 1814 he was ap
pointed Indian com
missioner; and was again a representa
tive in congress from 1813 to 1819. In
1819 he went from the house into the
United States senate to fill a vacancy;
and was re-elected, and served as senator
until 1829. He was again elected to the
house, and remained there until 1837,
when he became vice-president, and as
such presided over the senate. At the
time of his death he was a member of the
Kentucky legislature. He died Nov. 19,
1850, in Frankfort, Ky.
JOHNSON, RICHARD W., soldier, was
born Feb. 7, 1827, in Livingston county,
Ky. In 1849 he graduated from the United
States military acad
emy at West Point,
^^^*S^ •' and was appointed
f X second lieutenant. In
* 4)^ Ak'v 1N55 he was appoint
ed first lieutenant
and subsequently
promoted to major-
general for meritori
ous services during
the civil war. He
served with distinc
tion during the civil
war and in the In
dian wars in the regular service; and
was retired from active service in 1867 on
account of wounds received during the
civil war. In 1881 he was democratic can
didate for governor of Minnesota, in
which state he resided at St. Paul until his
death in 1897. He was the author of A
Life of Major-General George H. Thomas;
Reminiscences of a Soldier in Peace and
War; and contributed to various news
papers and magazines.
JOHNSON, ROBERT, governor, was
born in 1682. He was governor of South
Carolina in 1719, and during 1730-35. In
1731 he made a treaty with the Cherokees.
He died May 3, 1735, in Charleston, S. C.
JOHNSON, ROBERT UNDERWOOD,
journalist, author, was born Jan. 12, 1853,
in Washington, D. C. In 1873 he became
connected with the editorial staff of the
Century Magazine, then called Scribner's
Monthly. In 1881 he became associate edi
tor of that magazine; and during 1883-89
was associate editor of the Century War
Papers, which were published in four vol
umes entitled Battles and Leaders of the
Civil War. He has also written numerous
editorial and critical articles, and is the
author of a number of meritorious po
ems. In 1891 he recei\ed the degree of
M. A. from Yale university, in recognition
of his labors in the campaign for interna
tional copyright.
JOHNSON, ROBERT WARD, congress
man, United States senator, was born in
1814 in Kentucky. He was elected a rep
resentative in congress from Arkansas in
1847, and served until 1853, when he was
elected a senator in congress. He died in
1879 in Arkansas.
JOHNSON, ROSSITER, author, poet,
was born Jan. 27, 1840, in Rochester, N.
Y. He is a writer of New York city who
has edited Appleton's Annual Cyclopa?-
dia since 1883, and also edited Famous
Single Poems; Play-day Poems; Little
Classics; The Authored History of the
World's Columbian Exposition, and other
works. His original writings include,
Phaeton Rogers, a Novel of Boy Life;
History of the French War, Ending in the
Conquest of Canada; History of the War
of 1812-15; A Short History of the War
of Secession, enlarged as Campflre and
Battlefield; The End of a Rainbow, an
American Story; Idler and Poet; and
Three Decades.
JOHNSON, SAMUEL, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born Oct. 14,
1696, in Guilford, Conn. He was an epis
copal clergyman of Stratford, Conn., who
was president of Columbia (then Kings)
college in 1753-63. He was the author of
A System of Morality, republished by
Franklin as Elementa Philosophia; and
English and Hebrew Grammar. He died
Jan. 6, 1772, in Stratford, Conn.
. JOHNSON, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 10, 1822, In Salem,
Mass. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
radical views, pastor of an independent
church in Lynn for many years; and the
author of Oriental Religions; Lectures,
Essays, and Sermons; and The Worship
of Jesus in Its Past and Present Aspect.
He died Feb. 19, 1882, in Salem, Mass.
JOHNSON. SAMUEL FROST, artist, ed
ucator, was born Nov. 9, 1835, in New
York city. He was a professor in the art
schools of the Metropolitan museum in
New York in 1883-85, also teaching science
and art classes at St. John's college, Ford-
ham, in 1884-85.
JOHNSON, SAMUEL WILLIAM, educa
tor, author, was born July 3, 1830, in
Kingsborough, N. Y. He has been profes
sor of chemistry in Sheffield Scientific
School at Yale university since 1856; and
is the author of Essays on Manures; Peat
and Its Uses; How Crops Feed; Chemical
Notation and Nomenclature; and several
translations of German scientific works.
JOHNSON, SYDNEY CARTER, railroad
manager, financier, was born Dec. 13, 1861.
in St. Louis, Mo. Since 1873 he has been
engaged in the railroad service with the
St. Louis. Iron Mountain and Southern
railroad; the Missouri Pacific railway;
the St. Louis. Arkansas and Texas rail
way; and since 1891 has been general
auditor of the St. Louis and Southwestern
railway.
JOHNSON, THEODORE TAYLOR,
merchant, author, poet, was born in 1818
in Lebanon, N. J. He was engaged in
commerce in Philadelphia from 1843 till
1860, and in 1847 his firm were the larg
est shippers of bread stuffs from that port
to Great Britain. He published Califor
nia and Oregon, or Sights in the Gold Re
gion and Scenes by the Way.
JOHNSON, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, go\ernor, was born
Nov. 4, 1732, in St. Leonard's, Md. He
was a delegate to the continental con-
gross from 1775 to 1777, when he left that
Imdy to mine an army, with which, as
commander, he went to assist Washing
ton in New England. He was the first
republican governor of Maryland, serv
ing as such from 1777 to 1779. and residing
in Frederick City. He was a judge of
the United States district court for the
state of Maryland; and was a justice of
the supreme court of the United States
from 1791 to 1793. He was the delegate
in congress who proposed that the gen
eral should be declared commander-in-
chief. He died Oct. 25, 1819, near Fred
erick City.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
535
JOHNSON, THOMAS GARY, educator,
clergyman, author, was born in 1859 in
West Virginia. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman, profess; r of ecclesiastical polity
in Union semini ry, Va., from 1892; and
the author of The History of the South
ern Presbyterian Church.
JOHNSON, TOM LOFTIN, manufactur
er, congressman, was born July 18, 1854,
near Georgetown, Ky. The Johnson gir
der rail, made and patented by him, has
since come into extended use on street
car lines throughout the country. The
Johnson Company in 1894 increased its
plant by erecting one of the largest steel
mills in the country in Lorain, O., a sub
urb of Cleveland. He was elected to the
fifty-second and fifty-third congresses as
a democrat.
JOHNSON, VIRGINIA WALES, author,
was born Dec. 28, 1849, in Brooklyn, N.
Y. She is a novelist who has resided in
Europe since 1875, and mainly in Italy;
and is the author of The Neptune Vase,
her finest effort. Her other works com
prise, Joseph the Jew; A Sack of Gold;
The Calderwood Secret; Two Old Cats;
Miss Nancy's Pilgrimage; A Foreign Mar
riage; An English Daisy Miller; The
House of the Musician; Tulip Place; The
Fainalls of Tipton; and America's God
father.
JOHNSON, WALDO PORTER, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Sept. 16, 1817, in Harrison county,
Va. He became prosecuting attorney and
judge of his judicial district in Missouri,
and was elected to the United States sen
ate as a democrat, serving from 1861 to
1862, when he was expelled because he
had joined the confederate army. He died
Aug. 14, 1885, in Osceola, Mo.
JOHNSON, WALTER ROGERS, chem
ist, author, poet, was born June 21, 1794,
in Leominster, Mass. He was a once
prominent chemist of Boston and else
where; and the author of The Use of An
thracite; Report on Coals; Coal Trade of
British America; Natural Philosophy;
and Memoir of L. D. von Schweinitz. He
died April 26, 1852, in Washington, D. C.
JOHNSON, WARREN S., engineer, in
ventor, was born Nov. 6, 1847, in Bran
don, Vt. Among the number of his in
ventions may be mentioned Johnson's
system of heat regulation, and the im
pulsive railway by means of which mail
and express matter is forwarded on spe
cial cars.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM, law reporter, au
thor, was born in 1770 in Middletown,
Conn. From 1806 till 1823 he sened as
reporter of the supreme court ot New
York, and from 1814 till 1823 he held the
same relation to the New York court of
chancery. He issued New York Su
preme Court Reports; New York Chan
cery Reports; and Digest of Cases in the
Supreme Court of New York. He died in
July, 1848, in New York city.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, author, was born Dec.
27, 1771, in Charleston, S. C. He was elect
ed to the state legislature in 1794; and
was re-elected and made speaker. He was
subsequently chosen a judge of the circuit
court of the state; and in 1804 was ap
pointed a justice of the supreme court of
the United States, which position he held
until his death. In 1822 he published the
Life and Services of Nathaniel Greene, in
two volumes. He died Aug. 11, 1834, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1819 in Ireland.
In 1862 he was elected a representative
from Ohio to the thirty-eighth congress.
He died May 3, 18C6, in Mansfield, Ohio.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM BULLIEN, cler
gyman, author, was born June 13, 1782,
in Sir John's Island, S. C. He was a
member of the Bible Revision society;
forty years president of the Georgia bap
tist convention, and three years president
of the general baptist convention of the
United States. He published Infant Bap
tism Argued from Analogy; The Church's
Argument for Christianity; Examination
of Snodgrass on Apostolic Succession; Ex
amination of Confirmation Examined; and
a Memoir of Rev. Nathan P. Knapp. He
died Jan. 10, 1862, in Greenville, S. C.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM CAREY, lawyer,
banker, state senator, was born Oct. 27,
1893, in Frankfort, Ohio. He was made
prosecuting attorney of the fourth ju
dicial district of Oregon; and has served
as senator in the Oregon state legisla
ture. He is vice-president of the Mer
chants' National bank of Portland, Ore.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM COST, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
1806 in Frederick county, Md. He was a
representative in congress from 1833 to
1835, and from 1837 to 1843. He served
in the state legislature before entering
and after he left congress. He died April
16, 1860, in Washington, D. C.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM SAMUEL, law
yer, jurist, college president, congress
man, United States senator, was born Oct.
7, 1727, in Stratford, Conn. In 1765 he
was a delegate to the congress at New
York. In 1772 he was appointed judge of
the supreme court of Connecticut; and in
1780 was a member of the council of Con
necticut. He was again a delegate to the
New York congress in 1785. He was a sen
ator in congress from 1789 to 1791, and
from 1792 to 1800 president of Columbia
college in New York. He died Nov. 14,
1819, in Stratford, Conn.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM SMITH, educa
tor, college president, was born Oct. 8,
1869, in Clark county, Ark. In 1892 he
was appointed president of the Mountain
Home Baptist college of Arkansas.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM WALLACE, edu
cator, clergyman, author, poet, was born
Nov. 29, 1813, in Buckland, Mass. He
was a member of the Wisconsin legisla
ture in 1879. He is the author of three
works, and a noted genealogist and poet.
JOHNSON, WILLIS FLETCHER, jour
nalist, lecturer, author, poet, was born
Oct. 7, 1857, in New York city. For a
number of years he has been on the edi
torial staff of the New York Tribune. He
has lectured frequently and made many
public addresses; and is the author of sev
eral books and a number of poems.
JOHNSON, WOOLSEY, physician, was
born Feb. 8, 1842, in New York city. In
1881 he was appointed health commission
er of the city of New York. He died June
21, 1887, in New York city.
JOHNSTON, ALBERT SIDNEY, soldier,
was born Feb. 3, 1803, in Washington, Ky.
In 1836 he joined the Texas Patriots, and
rapidly rose through all the grades to
the command of his army. In 1838 he
was made secretary of war of Texas; and
in 1839 conducted a campaign against the
Indians. He died April 6, 1862, near
Pittsburg Landing, Tenn.
JOHNSTON, ALEXANDER, educator,
author, was born April 29, 1849, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He was a professor of politi
cal economy at Princeton college in 1883-
89; and the author of The Genesis of a
New England State; History of the United
States for Schools; The United States, its
History and Constitution; History of
Connecticut; and History of American
Politics. He died July 20, 18S», in Prince
ton, N. J.
JOHNSTON, AMOS RANDALL, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, state senator, was born
Sept. 28, 1810, in Maury county, Tenn.
Removing to Mississippi in 1830 he set
tled in Clinton, represented Hinds coun
ty in the legislature as a whig in 1836.
and was county clerk from 1837 till his
election as probate judge in 1845. In 1875
he served in the state senate as a conser-
vathe democrat. He died June 25, 1870,
in Cincinnati, Ohio.
JOHNSTON, CHARLES, congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1839 to 1841.
JOHNSTON, CHARLES, legislator, con
gressman, was born in Chowan county,
N. C. He was a member of the state leg
islature for many years; and was a rep
resentative in congress during the years
1801 and 1802. He died before the ex
piration of his term.
JOHNSTON, CHARLES C., congress
man. He was a member of congress from
Virginia from 1831 to 1832. He was
drowned June 18, 1832, near Alexandria,
Va.
JOHNSTON, CHRISTOPHER, physi
cian, was born Sept. 27, 1822, in Balti
more, Md. In 1864 he was professor of
anatomy and physiology in the univer
sity of Maryland, in 1866 was professor
of general, descriptive and surgical anat
omy, and in 1870 filled the chair of sur
gery, becoming professor emeritus in 1880.
JOHNSTON, DAVID CLAYPOOLE, ar
tist, was born March, 1797, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1830 he began the pub
lication of Scraps, an annual of five plates.
He died Nov. 8, 1865, in Dorchester, Mass.
JOHNSTON, GABRIEL, governor of
North Carolina, was born in 1699 in Scot
land. Emigrating to the United States
about 1730 and settling in North Caro
lina, he was appointed governor of that
colony. He died August, 1752, in Cho
wan county, N. C.
JOHNSTON, GEORGE, soldier, author,
poet, was born May 15, 1829, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1879 he became connected
with the Cecil Whig, and in 1881 pub
lished the History of Cecil County,
Maryland, for which he was elected a
member of the historical societies of
Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland and
Wisconsin. In 1887 he published Poets and
Poetry of Cecil County, Maryland; and
he is the author of other works.
JOHNSTON, HAROLD WHETSTONE,
educator, philologist, author, was born
March 18, 1859, in Rushville, 111. Since
1895 he has filled the chair of Latin in the
Indiana university of Bloomington. He is
the author of Latin Manuscripts, and vari
ous other books and pamphlets.
JOHNSTON, HENRY PHELPS, educa
tor, author, was born in 1842. He is a
professor of history in the College of the
City of New York; and the author of
Loyalist History of the Revolution; The
Campaign of 1776 around New York; The
Yorktown Campaign; Yale and her Honor
Roll in the American Revolution; and Ob
servations on Judge Jones.
JOHNSTON, JAMES HUGO, educator,
college president, was born July 29, 1858,
in Richmond, Va. Since 1888 he has been
president of the Virginia Normal and Col
legiate institute of Petersburg, Va.
JOHNSTON, JAMES STEPTOE, mis
sionary bishop of western- Texas, was
born June 9, 1843, in Jefferson county,
Miss. Under his supervision the work of
the church in western Texas has made
great progress. The bishop has pub
lished various missionary reports, as well
as sermons and addresses.
536
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JOHNSTON, JAMES T., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Jan.
19, 1839, in Putnam rounty, Ind. He
served with valor during the civil war,
and was promoted to lieutenant. He at
tained prominence as an able lawyer of
Indiana; has been prosecuting attorney;
a member of both houses of the Indiana
state legislature; and served with distinc
tion as a member of the forty-ninth and
fiftieth congresses as a republican.
JOHNSTON, JOHN, soldier, artist, was
born in 1752 in Boston, Mass. He served
with credit in the revolution, and after
ward settled in Boston, where he painted
many portraits of public men of Massa
chusetts. He died Jan. 27, 1818. in Boston,
Mass.
JOHNSTON, JOHN, pioneer, was born
in 1763 in Ireland. He settled about 1794
in Sault Sainte Marie, Mich., where he
was a frontier merchant for more than
forty years, and established a small cen
ter of chilization in the midst of the sav
ages. He died in 1834 in Sault Sainte
Marie, Mich.
JOHNSTON, JOHN, educator, author,
was born in 1806 in Maine. He was an ed
ucator who was for many years professor
of natural science in Wesleyan university;
and the author of Manual of Chemistry;
Manual of Natural Philosophy; Primer of
Natural Philosophy; and History of the
Towns of Bristol and Bremen in Maine.
He died Dec. 2. 1879. on Staten Island.
N. Y.
JOHNSTON, JOHN TAYLOR, capitalist,
was born April 8, 1820, in New York city.
In 1848 he became president of the Cen
tral railroad of New Jersey. He is also
president of the council of the university
of the city of New York.
JOHNSTON, JOHN W., lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born Sept. 9,
1818, in Panicello, Va. He was made
judge of the tenth judicial district; and
was a member of the senate of the state
of Virginia in 1847 and 1848. He was
president of the Northwestern bank at
Jeffersonville, Va., from 1850 to 1859. In
1870 he was elected United States senator
from Virginia for the term ending in
1871; and was re-elected for the term
ending in 1877; and in 1876 he was re-
elected to the senate for the term com
mencing in 1877 and ending in 1883. He
died Feb. 27, 1889, in Richmond, Va.
JOHNSTON, JOHN WARFIELD, law
yer, jurist. United States senator, was
born Sept. 9, 1818, in Abingdon, Va. In
1839 he became judge of the tenth judi
cial district of Virginia. He was elected
in 1870 to the United States senate as a
conservative, and by re-elections served
till 1883. He died Feb. 27, 1889, in Rich-
mond, Va.
JOHNSTON, JOSEPH EGGLESTON,
soldier, congressman, author, was born in
1809, in Longwood, Va. In 1861 he en
tered the confederate service as general,
and served throughout the civil war. In
1878 he was elected a representative from
Virginia to the forty-sixth congress; and
declined a renomination. In 1885 he was
appointed commissioner of railroads in
the department of the interior at Wash
ington. He published a Narrative of Mil
itary Operations, a spirited defense of his
military policy. He died March 21, 1891,
in Washington, D. C.
JOHNSTON. JOSEPH R., lawyer, ju
rist, state senator, was born Sept. 12, 1840,
in North Jackson, Ohio. He served in the
civil w.ir for three years, and was second
lieutenant in the twenty-fifth Ohio volun
teer battery light artillery. For six yean
he was probate judge of his county; a
member of the Ohio state senate for four
years; and for ten years was common
pleas judge of the ninth judicial district
of Ohio.
JOHNSTON, JOSIAH STODDARD, ju
rist, congressman, United States senator,
was born Nov. 24, 1784, in Salisbury,
Conn. He settled in
Alexandria, Rapides
parish, a frontier vil
lage. He held the
post of district judge
from 1812 till 1821.
Inl820he was elected
to congress as a Clay
democrat, and in 1823
to the United States
senate to fill a va
cancy. He was re-
elected in 1825, and
in 1831 was again
chosen by a legislature that was politi
cally opposed to him. He died May 19,
1833. in Red River, La.
JOHNSTON, JOSIAH STODDARU, jour
nalist, was born Feb. 10, 1833, in Rapides,
La. After the war he was editor of the
Kentucky Yeoman at Frankfort, Ky.. for
nearly twenty years. He was adjutant-
general of Kentucky in 1870-71. and held
the office of secretary of state for the
commonwealth for nearly ten years.
JOHNSTON, LOUIS WILLIAM, physi
cian, surgeon, was born April 24, 1864. in
Tuskegee, Ala. After receiving his edu
cation, he entered the drug business; sub
sequently graduating in medicine and
pharmacy. He soon attained success as a
physician and surgeon; has been mayor
of his nati\e city; and is prominently
identified with the leading medical so
cieties of America.
JOHNSTON, MRS. MARIA I., journal
ist, author, was born May 3, 1835, in Fred-
ericksburg, Va. She is the author of a
no\el entitled Jane; and an excellent work
entitled The Freedwoman.
JOHNSTON, RICHARD MALCOLM,
author, was born March 8, 1822, in Geor
gia. He is the author of Life of Alex
ander Stephens; Dukesborough Tales;
Old Mark Langston; Two Gray Tourists;
Mr. Absalom Billingslea and Other Geor
gia Folk; Ogeechee Cross-Firings; Stud
ies, Literary and Social: The Primes and
Their Neighbors; Mr. Billy Downs and
his Likes; Widow Guthrie, a Novel; The
Chronicles of Mr. Bill Williams; Mr.
Fortner's Marital Claims; Little Ike
Templin, stories for young people; and
English Classics, a Historical Sketch.
JOHNSTON, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
I'nited States senator, was born Dec. 1.",,
1733. in Scotland. He was governor of
North Carolina from 1787 to 1789: was
president of the convention of that state
which ratified the federal constitution:
and was a member of congress from 1780
to 1782. In 1789 he was appointed a sen
ator from North Carolina, and served un
til 1793. He was afterward a judge of
the supreme court of law and equity.
He died Aug. 18, 1816. in Sherwarkey,
N. C.
JOHNSTON, SAMUEL, imentor. was
born Feb. !i. 1835, in Shelby. N. Y. In
1856 be applied his first self-rake to the
Ketch urn reaper; its success attracted
wide attention, and its manufacture was
begun in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1858.
JOHNSTON, THOMAS DILLARD, sol
dier, lawyer, state senator, congressman,
was born April 1, 1840, in Waynesville,
N. C. He entered the confederate army in
1861, and was soon after elected lieuten
ant; and was subsequently detailed as
adjutant of his regiment. In 1870 he was
elected a representative in the North Car
olina state legislature, and was re-elected
in 1872. In 1876 he was elected state sen
ator; and in 1884 was elected a represen
tative from North Carolina to the forty-
ninth congress; and re-elected to the
fiftieth congress as a democrat.
JOHNSTON. THOMAS J., lawyer, ju
rist, legislator, was born Aug. 20, 1836, in
Perry, 111. He was judge of the probate
court; and a member of the Missouri con
stitutional convention of 1875.
JOHNSTON, WILLIAM FREAME, gov
ernor, was born March 29, 1808, in Greens-
burg, Va. He was elected governor of
Pennsyhania, and served in that capaci
ty until 1852. He died Oct. 30, 1872, in
Pittsburg, Pa.
JOHNSTON, WILLIAM PRESTON, sol
dier, educator, college president, author,
was born Jan. 5, 1831, in Louisville, Ky.
He is an educator of Louisiana; and pres
ident of Tulane university since 1884. He
is the author of a volume entitled The
Prototype of Hamlet.
JOHNSTONE, GEORGE, soldier, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born April 18, 1846, in Newberry, S. C.
He enlisted in the confederate army as a
member of the battalion of state cadets
and served until the close of the war.
He was elected to the South Carolina state
legislature at a special election in 1877.
and served continuously until 1884, when
he declined to stand for re-election. He
was elected to the fifty-second congress
as a democrat.
JOHNSTONE, JOB, lawyer, jurist, was
born June 7, 1793, in Fairfield county, S.
C. He was clerk of the South Carolina
state senate in 1826-30, and at the latter
date was elected chancellor. He held
office until 1859, when he became associate
justice of the court of appeals. He died
April 15, 1862, in Newberry, S. C.
JOHONNOT, JAMES, educator, author,
was born March 3, 1823, in Bethel, Vt. He
was an educator of Illinois and Missouri;
and the author of Principles and Practice
of Teaching; Glimpses of the Animate
World; Book of Cats and Dogs; Friends
in Feathers and Fur; Some Curious Fly
ers, Creepers, and Swimmers; School-
houses; and Schoolhouse Architecture.
He died June 18, 1888, in Tarpon Springs,
Fla.
JOINES, HENRY S., legislator, was
born in 1843, in Lincoln county, Tenn. He
served as a member of the Idaho house
of representathes for four sessions, and
took a prominent part in the deliberations
of that body. He is a successful manufac
turer of Mountain Home, Idaho.
JOLLEY. JOHN L., soldier, state sena
tor, congressman, was born July 14, 1840,
in Montreal, Quebec. In 1862 he entered
the army as a private, and was mustered
out as second lieutenant in 1865. He was
eli '-ted a member of the Dakota house of
representatives in 1867, and re-elected in
1868. He was a member of the Dakota
territorial council in 1875 and 1881; was
elected state senator in 1889, and re-
elected in 1890. He was nominated by
the republican convention at Aberdeen,
S. D., Sept. 29, 1891, for member of con
gress to fill a vacancy.
JOLLY, GEORGE WASHINGTON, law
yer, was born Feb. 22, 1843, in Brecken-
ridge county, Ky. He has attained suc
cess as an able lawyer of Owensboro,
Ky.; and during 1889-94 was United
States attorney for the district of Ken
tucky.
HERRINQSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
537
JONAS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, United States
senator, was born July 19. 1834, in Wil-
liamstown, Ky. He served in the con
federate army during the war of the re
bellion. He was a representative in the
Louisiana state legislature in 1865; and
was elected a state senator in 1872. He
was again in the state house of represen
tatives in 1876 and 1877. He was elected
a senator of the United States from
Louisiana for the term of six years from
1879.
JONES, ALEXANDER, physician, jour
nalist, was born in 1802, in North Caro
lina. He was a New York journalist who
was a physician in the earlier portion of
his career; and the author of Cuba in
1851; Historical Sketch of the Electric
Telegraph, 1852; and The Cymri of Sev
enty-Six. He died Aug. 25. 1863, in New
York city.
JONES, ALEXANDER H., merchant,
journalist, congressman, was born July 21.
1822, in Asheville, N. C. He was re-
elected a representative from North Caro
lina to the fortieth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-first congress.
JONES, ALBERT ELISHA, merchant,
poet, was born Aug. 16, 1842, in Weld,
Maine. In 1877 he removed to Topeka,
Kan., where he became proprietor of the
Oakland Jersey Stock farm. He is the
author of a number of poems.
JONES, ALLEN, soldier, state senator,
•congressman, was born in 1739, in Hali
fax county, N. C. He was a revolutionary
patriot; and was chosen brigadier-gen
eral of Halifax district in 1776. He was
•a delegate to the state constitutional con-
\ention in that year: delegate to the
continental congress in 1779 and 1780;
state senator from 1784 to 1787; and mem
ber of the convention to adopt the United
States constitution which he advocated.
He died Nov. 10. 1798, in Northampton
county, N. C.
JONES, AMANDA THEODOSIA, educa
tor, inventor, author, poet, was born Oct.
19, 1835, in East Bloomfield, N. Y. She is
an educator and inventor of Chicago. Her
writings in verse comprise Ulah, and Oth
er Poems; Atlantis; and A Prairie Myl.
JONES, AMOS BLANCH, college presi
dent, was born Dec. 4, 1841, in Randolph,
Va. In 1878 he was president of Mecklen
burg Female institute, Jackson, Tenn.,
but resigned in 1880 to assume charge of
the Huntsville Female college.
JONES, ANSON, president of Texas,
was born Jan. 20, 1798, in Great Barring-
ton, Mass. He raised a military company,
with which he *was engaged in the battle
of San Jacinto; was judge advocate-gen
eral; and in 1837 was a member of the
Texas congress. He was minister from
Texas to the United States government in
1837-39. He died Jan. 8, 1858, in Houston,
Texas.
JONES, ASAHEL W., lawyer, lieuten
ant governor, was born Sept. 18. 1838, in
Johnstonville, Ohio. He received his edu
cation in the com
mon and academic
schools, and was ad
mitted to the bar in
1859. Since 1864 he
has practiced his
profession in
Youngstown, and of
late years has con
fined himself almost
entirely to corpora
tion practice. In 1874
he was one of the or
ganizers of the Sec
ond National bank of Youngstown, of
which he is a director; in 1877 he was
one of the organizers of the Dollar Sav
ings and Trust company of Youngstown,
and has since been interested in its man
agement. He has also been interested in
various iron industries, and is a success
ful farmer and stock raiser. For two
years he was prosecuting attorney. In
1880 he was a delegate to the national
republican convention; and has often
been a delegate to state and other con
tentions. During Governor Foraker's
two terms he was judge advocate-general.
In 1884 he was president of the Ohio State
Bar association; and in 1896 was elected
lieutenant governor of Ohio.
JONES, AUGUSTINE, educator, author,
was born Oct. 16, 1835, in South China,
Maine. In 1879 he entered upon his pres
ent position as principal of the Friends
school at Providence, R. I. He was the
author of a work entitled Peace and Ar
bitration.
JONES, BENJAMIN, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He moved to Ohio; and
was elected a representative in congress
from that state from 1833 to 1837.
JONES, BENJAMIN C., soldier, physi
cian, state legislator, was born in 1836,
in Graves county, Ky. He served in the
confederate service during the ch il war
as captain in the seventh Missouri caval
ry. In 1896 he was elected a member of
the general assembly of Missouri.
JONES, BENJAMIN F., lawyer, was
born Feb. 24, 1858, in Lawrence, Kan. For
ten years he was a captain of river steam
ers; has been justice of the peace for six
years; and county clerk of Lincoln coun
ty for three terms. He has served two
terms as mayor of Toledo, Ore., where he
is engaged in the practice of law.
. JONES, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, man
ufacturer, was born Aug. 8, 1826, in Wash
ington county, Pa. In 1852 he established
thi! American Iron
works of Pittsburg,
and subsequently
purchased the Mo-
nongahela Iron
works. He is now
the senior member of
Jones and Laughlin,
| which has an aggre
gate capital of five
million dollars. He
has taken an active
part in the business
and public affairs of
his city and state; is president of the
American Iron and Steel association; and
has served with distinction as chairman
of the republican national committee.
JONES, BENJAMIN 0., lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, was born Nov. 23, 1844, in
Graves county, Ky. During 1874-76 he was
a member of the twenty-ninth general as
sembly of Illinois; in 1881-85 he was
state's attorney of Massac county, 111.;
and in 1890-94 was county judge of the
same county. He has attained promi
nence in his profession of law, and has
a large practice at Metropolis, 111.
JONES, BURR W., lawyer, congress
man, was born March 9, 1846, in Union,
Wis. He was elected district attorney of
Wisconsin in 1872, and re-elected in 1874.
He was elected a representative from
Wisconsin to the forty-eighth congress
as a democrat.
JONES. CHARLES A., lawyer, poet,
was born about 1805 in Philadelphia, Pa.
His first articles, a series of satirical ly
rics, appeared in the Cincinnati Gazette,
under the title of Aristohaniana. After
studying law he removed to Louisiana
and practiced in New Orleans. He pub
lished The Outlaw. He died July 4, 1851,
in Mill Creek, Ohio.
JONES, CHARLES COLCOCK, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 20, 1804, in
Georgia. He is a presbyterian clergyman
of Georgia; and the author of Religious
Instruction for Negroes; and History of
The Church of God.
JONES, CHARLES COLCOCK, lawyer,
archseologist, author, was born Oct. 28,
1831, in Savannah, Ga. He was a lawyer
and archaeologist of Augusta, Ga. ; and
the author of Ancient Tumuli in Georgia;
Antiquities of the Southern Indians; The
History of Georgia; Negro Myths from
the Georgia Coast; Biographical Sketches
of the Delegates from Georgia to the Con
tinental Congress; and The English Col
onization of Georgia. He died in 1893.
JONES, CHARLES H., journalist, was
born March 7, 1848, in Talbottom, Ga.
In 1888 he removed to St. Louis to take
charge of the old Missouri Republican,
now known as the St. Louis Republic,
which, under his management, has at
tained a success unprecedented in its his
tory.
JONES, CHARLES W., lawyer, legisla
tor, United States senator, was born in
1834, in Ireland. In 1874 he was elected a
member of the lower house of the state
legislature from Escambia county; in
1874 was elected a senator in congress
from Florida for the term ending in 1881;
and was re-elected for the term ending in
1887.
JONES. DANIEL MERRIMAN, educa
tor, journalist, lawyer, was born Aug. 31,
1848, in Henderson county, N. C. He at
tended the Mills Riv
er academy, and took
a full course in Lat
in, Greek, mathemat
ics, and the sciences.
In 1872 he began ed
ucational work, and
taught with success
in Franklin and
Waynesville, N. C.;
and in Williamson
county, Texas. In
1883 he was ad
mitted to the bar,
and has since made a success of his pro
fession at Anson, Texas. In 1883-84 he
was county attorney; and has since filled
^arious positions of public trust. He is
the owner and editor of The Texas West
ern, a democratic weekly published at
Anson.
JONES, DANIEL T., congressman, was
born in Connecticut. He settled in New
York; and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1851 to
1855.
JONES. DAVID, lawyer, jurist, was
born Sept. 16, 1699, in Fork Neck, L. I.
From 1758 till 1773 he was a judge of the
supreme court of New York. He died
Oct. 11, 1775, in Fork Neck, N. Y.
JONES. DAVID, clergyman, was born
May 12, 1736, in New Castle county, Del.
In 1776 he entered the revolutionary army
as chaplain of the third and fourth Penn
sylvania battalions, and on Jan. 1, 1777,
he became chaplain of General Anthony
Wayne, with whom he continued until the
end" cf the war. He died Feb. 5, 1820, in
Chester county, Pa.
JONES, DAVID RUMP, soldier, was
born in 1825, in South Carolina. In 1861
he entered the confederate army, where
he was appointed brigadier-general. He
died March 8, 1863, in Richmond, Va.
JONES, FLORENCE AUGUSTA, poet,
was born in August, 1861, near Madison,
Wis. She is the author of several poems;
several of them have been set to music,
notably that of Bylo Land.
538
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JONES, FRANCIS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1817 to 1823.
JONES, FRANCIS WILEY, electrician,
inventor, was born May 22, 1846, in Wey-
mouth. N. S. He was the first president of
the New York Electrician society. Many
of his inventions are used by telegraph
companies in the United States and Can
ada.
JONES, FRANK, merchant, congress
man, was born Sept. 15, 1832, in Barring-
ton, N. H. He removed to Portsmouth in
the same state in
1849, and engaged in
mercantile pursuits.
He was elected may
or of Portsmouth in
1868, and re-elected
in 1869. He was
elected a representa
tive from New
Hampshire to the
forty-fourth c o n -
gress; and was re-
elected to the forty-
fifth congress. He
served on various important committees
while in congress.
JONES, GARLAND MORDECAI, law
yer, was born June 14, 1873, in Abing-
don, Va. He attended the Emory and
Henry college, Virginia; the university
of Mississippi, from which institution he
received the degrees of B. A., LL. B.;and
subsequently graduated from the law de
partment of the Washington and Lee uni
versity. He is gaining prominence as an
attorney of West Point, Miss., where he
takes an active part in the public affairs
of his county and state.
JONES, GEORGE, United States sena
tor. He was a senator in congress from
Georgia during the session of 1807, by
appointment of the governor.
JONES, GEORGE S., soldier, educator,
journalist, lawyer, was born June 12,
1840, near Jonesville, Va. During the civ
il war he served nearly three years in
the union army; was wounded in action,
captured on the field with a broken leg,
and for a long time confined in the Ander-
sonville war prison. He served one term
as a justice of the peace; founded three
newspapers; and taught school for near
ly thirty years. In 1876 he was the nomi
nee of the democratic party for congress;
and served in the United States pension
office at Washington under President
Cleveland's first administration. In 1866
he began the study of law, and now prac
tices his profession in Manilla, Ind., where
he is the editor and owner of the Rush
County Mail.
JONES, GEORGE W., lawyer, jurist,
legislator, congressman, senator, was born
March 15, 1806, in King and Queen coun
ty, Va. He was a justice of the peace for
three years; and in 1834 a justice to hold
the quorum court in Lincoln county. In
1835 and 1837 he was elected to the Ten
nessee legislature; and in 1839 to the
state senate. In 1843 he was elected a
representative to congress, and was for
eight consecutive terms re-elected.
JONES, GEORGE W., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 5, 1828, in
Marion county, Ala. He settled at Bas-
trop, Texas, in 1848, and was elected dis
trict attorney In 1856. He served in the
confederate army until 1865, rising to the
rank of colonel. He was elected lieuten
ant-governor under the new constitution,
but was removed by the military authori
ties. He was elected a representative
from Texas to the forty-sixth and forty-
seventh congresses. He died July 6, 1883.
JONES. GEORGE WALLACE, soldier,
lawyer, United States senator, was born
April 12, 1804, in Vincennes, Ind. He
served as an aide-de-camp to General
Henry Dodge in the Black Hawk war; was
chosen colonel of militia in 1832; and
subsequently major-general. In 1835 he
was elected a delegate to congress from
the territory of Michigan, and served two
years; and in 1839 was appointed survey
or-general of the northwest. In 1848 he
was elected a United States senator from
Iowa for six years, and re-elected in 1852
for six years.
JONES. HORATIO, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Pennsylvania. He removed to
Missouri, from which state he was ap
pointed an associate judge of the United
States court for the territory of Nevada.
JONES, HORATIO GATES, lawyer, au
thor, was born Jan. 9, 1822, in Roxbo-
rough. Pa. He is a lawyer of Philadelphia
who has published many local histories
and biographies, among the latter being
Andrew Bradford, Founder of the News
paper Press in the Middle States.
JONES, HUGH, clergyman, author, was
born in 1669. in England. He was an
episcopal clergyman, for sixty-five years
rector of parishes in Virginia and Mary
land. He was the author of The Present
State of Virginia, a work much valued by
collectors of colonial literature. He died
Sept. 8, 1760, in Cecil county, Md.
JONES, HUGH BOLTON, artist, was
born Oct. 20, 1848, in Baltimore, Md. He
was elected associate of the National
academy in 1881. and member in 1883. His
works include Tangier; Return of the
Cows; Brittany; October; and On Her
ring Run, Baltimore.
JONES, ISAAC D., lawyer, congress
man, was born in Maryland. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1841 to 1843; and in 1867 was elected
attorney-general of Maryland.
JONES, ISAAC EDGAR, journalist, au
thor, poet, was born in 1850, in Liver
pool, England. For a number of years
he was editor and
proprietor of the of
ficial city paper of
Indianapolis, Ind.;
and was active in so
cial, benevolent, po
litical and literary
circles. He is now
the editor and owner
of the Daily Chroni
cle of Muskegon,
Mich.; president of
the International So
ciety of Writers; and
takes an active part in the public affairs
of his city, county and state. He has con
tributed valuable articles to current liter
ature; and his poems have been given a
place in Poets of America, and other
standard collections.
JONES, IRMA THEODA-ANDREWS,
philanthropist, writer, was born March
11, 1845, in Victory, N. Y. In 1885-88 she
was president of the
Lansing Woman's
club; in 1895-96 pres
ident of the Young
Woman's Christian
association; in 1895
was elected president
of the Michigan State
Federation of Wo
men's clubs; and
since 1878 has been
president of the
Lansing Industrial
Aid society. For three
years she has been associate of the Mid-
Continent Magazine; and has contributed
extensively to periodical literature.
JONES, J. H., soldier, legislator, au
thor, was born in Alabama. He entered
the confederate service in 1861; fought
through the entire war, and was promoted
to colonel. He served in the Mississippi
state legislature from Wilkinson county
in 1886 and in 1888; and was a state sena
tor from 1890 until his election as lieu
tenant-governor. He is the author of the
franchise amendment permitting voters
who cannot read to have their ballots
marked for them.
JONES, J. M., lawyer, jurist. He was
an early emigrant to California; and in
1851 was appointed United States judge
for the southern district of California, re
siding at Los Angeles.
JONES, JACOB, naval officer, was born
in March, 1768, near Smyrna, Del. In
1799 he entered the United States navy
as a midshipman; and was promoted to
lieutenant in 1801. In 1810 he was pro
moted to commander and subsequently to
commodore. He died Aug. 3, 1850, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
JONES, JAMES, congressman, was born
in Amelia county, Va. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1819 to 1823.
JONES, JAMES, congressman, was born
in Maryland. He was often a member of
the legislature of Georgia; and was a rep
resentative in congress from 1799 to the
time of his death. He died Jan. 12, 1801,
in Washington, D. C.
JONES, JAMES, physician, journalist,
was born Nov. 18, 1807, in Georgetown,
D. C. He removed to New Orleans, La.;
was editor of the Medical and Surgical
Journal of that city in 1857-59, and was
connected with the university of Louis
iana from 1836 till his death. He died
Oct. 10, 1873, in New Orleans, La.
JONES, JAMES ATHEARN, journalist,
author, was born June 4, 1780, in Tisbury,
Mass. He was a journalist of Philadel
phia and elsewhere; and the author of
Traditions of the North American Indians;
and Haverhill, a novel. He died in Aug
ust, 1853, in Buffalo, N. Y.
JONES, JAMES CHAMBERLAIN, leg
islator, governor, United States senator,
waS born April 20, 1809, in Davidson
county, Tenn. He was a member of the
Tennessee legislature in 1839; was gov
ernor of Tennessee from 1841 to 1845,
serving two terms; and was presidential
elector in 1840 and 1848. In 1851 he was
elected a senator in congress from Ten
nessee, serving the whole of his term of
six years. He died Oct. 29, 1859, in Mem
phis, Tenn.
JONES, JAMES H., soldier, congress
man, was born Sept. 13, 1830, in Shelby
county, Ala. He settled in Texas; and
served in the confederate army during
the civil war, rising to the rank of colonel.
He was elected a representative from Tex
as to the forty-eighth congress; and was
re-elected to the forty-ninth congress as
a democrat.
JONES, JAMES KIMBROUGH, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Sept. 29, 1839, in Marshall
county, Miss. He sened in the confeder
ate army. He removed to Arkansas; com
menced the practice of law in 1873; and
in that year was elected to the state sen
ate, and was also a member of the sen
ate when the state constitutional conven
tion was called in 1874. He was re-elected
under the new constitution, and was pres
ident of the senate in 1877. He was
elected a representative from Arkansas to
the forty-seventh and forty-eighth con
gresses. In 1885 he was elected to the
United States senate; and was re-elected
In 1890 and 1897.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
539
JONES, JAMES TAYLOR, lawyer, sol
dier, congressman, was born in 1832, in
Richmond, Va. He served as an officer
in the confederate array throughout the
civil war. He was a state senator in 1872
and 1873. He was elected a representa
tive from Alabama to the forty-fifth con
gress; and was again elected to congress
in 1883 to fill a vacancy in the forty-
eighth congress. He was re-elected to the
forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses as a
democrat.
JONES, JENKIN LLOYD, clergyman,
author, poet, was born in 1843, in Wales.
He is a Unitarian clergyman of Chicago;
editor of Unity from 1880; and the au
thor of Practical Piety; and The Faith
that Makes Faithful.
JONES, JOEL, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born Oct. 25, 1795, in Coventry, Conn.
He was a jurist of Philadelphia who
wrote much on theological topics, and was
the first president of Girard college. He
was the author of Manual of Pennsyl
vania Land Law; Jesus and the Coming
Glory; and Knowledge of One Another in
a Future State. He died Feb. 3, 1860, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
JONES, JOHN, educator, physician, sur
geon, was born in 1729, in Jamaica, N. Y.
He was professor of surgery in King's col
lege from 1767 till 1776, and one of the
two original founders of the New York
hospital. He died June 23, 1791, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
JONES, JOHN BEAUCHAMP, journal
ist, author, was born in 1810, in Balti
more, Md. He was the author of A Rebel
War Clerk's Diary; Wild Western Scenes;
Border War; Love and Money; Life and
Adventures of a Country Merchant; War
Path; Freaks of Fortune; and The Ri
val Belles. He died in 1866.
JONES, JOHN CLANCY, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 7, 1811, at Cones-
toga River, Pa. While deputy attorney-
general of the state he was elected a rep
resentative in congress from Pennsyl
vania, serving from 1850 to 1858. He was
the author, in the house, of the bill cre
ating the court of claims, when a member
of the committee on claims. He died
March 24, 1877, in Pennsylvania.
JONES, JOHN J., lawyer, congressman,
was born Nov. 13, 1824, in Burke county,
Ga. He was a representative from Geor
gia to the thirty-sixth congress.
JONES, JOHN MATHER, merchant,
journalist, author, was born June 9, 1826,
in North Wales. After the close of the
civil war he founded the Welsh town of
New Cambria, Mo.; and in 1869 bought a
large tract of land in Osage county, Kan.,
where he founded the town of Avonia. He
died Dec. 21, 1874, in Utica, N. Y.
JONES, JOHN PAUL, naval officer, was
born July 6, 1747, in Scotland. He was a
son of John Paul, and subsequently
added the name of
Jones. He settled in
Virginia in his boy
hood; entered the
American navy in
1775; and was a
commodore ' during
the revolutionary
war. He was an in
trepid and daring of
ficer; and was after
ward rear-admiral in
the Russian service.
He died July 18,
1792, in Paris, France. He received a
vote of thanks from congress for his im
portant services.
JONES, JOHN PERCIVAL, farmer,
state legislator, United States senator,
was born in 1830, in Wales. He served in
both houses of the California state as
sembly. He went to Nevada in 1867; and
was elected to the United States senate
for the term commencing in 1873; and
was re-elected in 1879, 1885, 1890, and
1897. His last term expires in 1903.
JONES, JOHN PRINGLE, lawyer, ju
rist, author, was born in 1812, near New
ton, Pa. Under the elective judiciary
system of 1851 he was elected president
of the Berks county, Pa., courts for the
term of ten years. He was the author of
Eulogy on A. Laussat; and volumes eleven
and twelve of Pennsylvania State Reports.
He died March 16, 1874, in England.
JONES, JOHN RICHTER, soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born Oct. 2, 1803, in Sa
lem, N. J. In 1836 he was appointed one
of the judges of the court of common
pleas of Philadelphia county, which post
he held until 1847. He died May 23, 1863,
near New Berne, N. C.
JONES, JOHN SILLS, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born Feb. 12, 1836, near
St. Paris, Ohio. He served through the
civil war, and was promoted to first lieu
tenant, captain, and was brevetted briga
dier-general for gallantry. In 1866 he was
mayor of Delaware, Ohio; was prosecut
ing attorney in 1868-70; was twice elected'
to the general assembly of the Ohio state
legislature; and served as a member of
the forty-fifth congress as a republican.
JONES, JOHN W., physician, educator,
state legislator, congressman, was born
April 14, 1806, in Rock Creek, Md. In
1840 he was elected to the Georgia legis
lature; and was a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1847 to 1849. He
was appointed a medical professor in the
Atlantic Medical college. He died in 1872,
in Atlanta, Ga.
JONES, JOHN WINSTON, congress
man, was born Nov. 22, 1791, in Chester
field, Pa. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1835 to 1845;
and was speaker of the house of represen
tatives during the twenty-eighth con
gress. He died Jan. 29, 1848.
JONES, JOSEPH, congressman, was
born in 1727, in Virginia. He was a dele
gate from Virginia to the continental con
gress from 1777 to 1778, and again from
1780 to 1783. He died Oct. 28, 1805, in
Virginia.
JONES, JOSEPH, educator, physician,
author, was born Sept. 6, 1833, in Sum-
merville, Ga. He is a physician, and pro
fessor in Tulane university, New Orleans,
since 1869. Among his writings are, San
itary Memoirs of the War of the Rebel
lion; Surgical Memoirs of the War of the
Rebellion; Hospital Construction and Or
ganization; and Medical and Surgical Me
moirs.
JONES, JOSEPH HUNTINGTON, cler
gyman, author, was born Aug. 24, 1797,
in Coventry, Conn. He was a presbyte-
rian clergyman of Philadelphia; and the
author of The Effects of Physical Causes
on Christian Experience; Life of Ashbel
Greeh ; and Revival of Religion. He died
Dec. 22, 1868, in Coventry, Conn.
JONES, JOSEPH JEROME, educator,
lawyer, was born April 3, 1864, near Cow-
den, 111. He attended the high school of
Shelby ville, 111.; and for three years
studied in the Northern Indiana Normal
school of Valparaiso; graduating in the
scientific course in 1887. For many years
he was engaged in educational work in
the public schools of Illinois; and now
practices his profession in Coalville, Utah.
JONES, JOSEPH RUSSEL, merchant,
was born Feb. 17, 1823, in Conneaut, Ohio.
In 1860 he was elected as a republican to
the general assembly from the counties of
Jo Daviess and Carroll. In 1861 he was
appointed United States marshal for the
northern district of Illinois. He organized
the Chicago West Division Railway Co. in
1863, and was elected its president. He
retired practically from business in 1888,
but is yet a director of the Chicago and
the Central Union Telephone Co's and
the Central Music Hall Co., and president
of the Northwestern Horse Nail Manufac
turing Co.
JONES, JOSEPH SEAWELL, author,
was born about 1811, probably in North
Carolina. He was a southern writer who
published Defense of the Revolutionary
History of North Carolina; and Memo
rials of North Carolina. He died in 1855.
JONES, JOSEPH STEVENS, author,
was born in 1811. He was an extremely
prolific playwright of Boston, among
whose best known productions are, Solon
Shingle; Eugene Aram; The Silver
Spoon; The Liberty Tree; and Moll Pit
cher. He died Dec. 30, 1877, in Boston,
Mass.
JONES, LEONARD AUGUSTUS, law
yer, journalist, author, was born Jan. 13,
1832, in Tampleton, Mass. He is a lawyer
of Boston; editor of the American Law
Register; and the author of Personal
Property; The Law of Mortgages of Real
Property; On The Law of Pledges;
Pledges and Collateral Securities; Corpo
rate Bonds and Mortgages; Chattel Mort
gages; Liens; Real Estate in Convey
ancing; and Forms in Conveyancing.
JONES, MORGAN, machinist, congress
man, was born Feb. 26, 1832, in New York
city. In 1864 he was elected a represen
tative from New York to the thirty-ninth
congress.
JONES, NATHANIEL, congressman,
state senator. He was a member of the
New York assembly in 1827 and 1828; and
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1837 to 1841. He was a
state senator in 1852 and 1853; and also
held the offices of surveyor-general of the
state, and canal commissioner. He died
July 21, 1866, in Newburg, N. Y.
JONES, OPHELIA COOK, educator,
poet, was born Feb. 5, 1849, in Browns
ville, Miss. For nearly a quarter of a
century she has been engaged in educa
tional work. Mrs. Jones is the author of
the poem, What My Lover Said, which has
been attributed to several national poets.
She is the author of numerous beautiful
poems, some of which were published in
Poets of America, and other standard
works.
JONES, NOBLE WIMBERLY, physi
cian, state legislator, congressman, was
born in 1724, near London, England. He
was a member of the Georgia assembly in
1761, and subsequently, being several
times speaker; and was speaker of the
first Georgia legislature. He was a dele
gate to the continental congress from 1775
to 1776, and from 1781 to 1783. He was
president of the convention which re
vised the state constitution in 1795. He
died Jan. 9, 1805, in Savannah.
JONES, OBADIAH, lawyer, jurist. He
was appointed in 1805 United States judge
for the territory of Mississippi; served one
year as territorial judge for Illinois in
1809; and was reappointed to the same
position in Mississippi in 1810. When the
state government was established he was
appointed United States judge for that
district but only held the office a short
time.
540
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JONES, OWEN, lawyer, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in the thirty-fifth congress
from his native state.
JONES, PHINEAS, manufacturer, state
legislator, congressman, was torn April
18, 1819, in Spencer, Mass. He was a rep
resentative in the state legislature in 1874
and 1875; and was elected a representa
tive from New Jersey to the forty-seventh
congress as a republican.
JONES, ROLAND, congressman, was
born in North Carolina. He was a repre
sentative from Louisiana to the thirty-
third congress.
JONES, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, was
born July 26, 1734. He was chief justice
of New York, and called the father of the
New York bar. He died Nov. 21, 1819, in
Westneck, N. Y.
JONES, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, was born May 26, 1769. He
was a member of the assembly in 1812-14;
recorder of New York city in 1823; chan
cellor of the state in 1826-28; chief jus
tice of the superior court of New York
city in 1828-47; and justice of the state
supreme court in 1847-49. He died Aug.
9, 1853, in Cold Spring, N. Y.
JONES, SAMUEL, soldier, was born in
1820, in Virginia. He served in the civil
war, and received the rank of brigadier-
general. He died July 31, 1887, in Bed
ford Springs, Va.
JONES. SAMUEL PORTER, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 16, 1847, in Cham
bers county, Ala. He is a noted and ec
centric revival preacher; and the author
of Sam Jones's Sermons; Music Hall
Sermons; and Sam Jones's Own Book.
JONES, SEABORN, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1788, in Augusta, Ga.
He was made solicitor-general of the state
in 1823; and was a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1833 to 1835. and
from 1845 to 1847. He died in 1874, in
Columbus, Ga.
JONES, THOMAS GOODE, soldier, law
yer, legislator, governor, was born Nov.
26, 1844. in Macon, Ga. He served as a
soldier in the confederate service, and
was promoted to aide-de-camp. In 1866 he
was admitted to the bar; became editor
of the Daily Picayune of Montgomery;
and during 1870-80 was reporter of decis
ions of the supreme court of Alabama.
In 1875-85 he was alderman in the city
of Montgomery; in 1884-87 was a member
of the Alabama general assembly; and
speaker of the house during his latter
term. In 1890 he was elected governor of
Alabama; served with distinction, and re
ceived the re-election in 1892. He is the
author of Code of Ethics, adopted by the
Alabama State Bar association; author of
the law regulating the employment of
state troops in enforcement of the law;
and has been prominently identified with
the history, growth and prosperity of the
state cf Alabama.
JONES, THOMAS l.AURENS, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 22, 1819, in
Rutherford county, N. C. He was a mem
ber of the general assembly of Kentucky
in 1853 and 1854. He was elected to the
fortieth and forty-first congresses, and re-
elected to the forty-fourth congress.
JONKS. W. A., educator, manufacturer,
state legislator, was born Sept. 27, 1844.
in Wales. He was county superintendent
of schools for four years; has been may
or of Mineral Point, Wis.; and in 1896
was elected a member of the Wisconsin
state legislature. In 1897 he was ap
pointed United States commissioner of In
dian affairs.
JONES, WALTER, physician, congress
man, was born in 1745, i.i Virginia. In
1777 he was appointed by congress physi
cian-general of the hospital in the middle
department. He was a representative in
congress from Virginia from 1797 to 1799,
and again from 1803 to 1811. He died
Dec. 31, 1815, in Westmoreland county,
Va.
JONES, WILLIAM, soldier, governor,
merchant, state legislator, was born in
1754. in Newport, R. I. He entered the
army in 1775 as a captain in Colonel Lip-
pitt's Rhode Island regiment. For several
years he was a representative from Provi
dence in the assembly, and also speaker
of that body. He was governor of Rhode
Island from 1811 to 1817. He died April
9, 1822, in Providence, R. I.
JONES. WILLIAM, soldier, banker,
congressman, was born in 1760, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1801 to
1803. He died Sept. 5, 1831, in Bethle
hem, Pa.
JONES, WILLIAM ALFRED, critic, au
thor, was born June 26, 1817, in New York
city. He is a critic and essayist of Nor
wich. Conn.; and the author of The
Analyst; Essays upon Authors and
Books; Characters and Criticisms; and
Literary Studies.
JONES, WILLIAM ATKINSON, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 21, 1849, in
Warsaw, Va. He entered the Virginia
Military institute,
where he remained
until the evacuation
of Richmond, serving
as occasion required
with the cadets in
the defense of that
city. He entered the
academic department
of the university of
Virginia, from which
institution he was
graduated with the
degree of B. L. in
1870. He was admitted to the bar in
July, 1870, and has continued to practice
law since; was a delegate at large from
his state to the national democratic con
vention in 1896; and was chairman of the
Virginia delegation in that body. He was
elected to the fifty-second, fifty-third, and
fifty-fourth congresses, and re-elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
JONES, WILLIAM CAREY, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 5, 1855, in
Remsen, N. Y. He was elected to the
office cf attorney-general of the state of
Washington upon the admission of the
state into the union in 1889, and again in
1892. He was elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a free silver republican.
JONES, WILLIAM CASWELL, lawyer,
jurist, author, poet, was born July !.">.
1848, in Hutsonville, 111. His father was
Caswell Jones, a mer
chant and beloved
citizen who died
when the son was in
his fifth year. He
received the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in the public
schools; spent three
years at the Ohio
Wesleyan university
of Delaware; and
graduated from the
law school of Ann
Arbor, Mich. In 1868 he was admitted to
the bar; and served with distinction as a
member of the twenty-seventh general
assembly of Illinois in 1871 and 1872. In
1877 he was elected county judge of his
county: was elected to the circuit bench
in 1879; and re-elected circuit judge in
1885, his term expiring in 1891. He im
mediately returned to the practice of law
in Robinson, 111., and has a large prac
tice. He is one of the authors of a stand
ard work entitled Jones and Cunning
ham's Practice in County Courts in Illi
nois, a second edition of which was pub
lished in 1893. He has written exten
sively both prose and verse for current
periodicals and magazines; and is the
author of Birch-Rod Days, and Other Po
ems, published by the American Publish
ers' association. He is also the author of
Elements and Science of English Versi
fication, a most valuable work destined to
become a standard work on that subject.
Judge Jones has been a successful busi
ness man and financier; is vice-presi
dent of the Robinson bank; and is also
extensively engaged in farming and stock
raising.
JONES. WILLIAM EDMONDSON, sol
dier, was born in May, 1824, near Glade
Spring, Va. He entered the confederate
army as captain in 1861; and was made
major-general in 1863. He died June 5,
1864, near New Hope, Va.
JONES, WILLIAM G., lawyer, jurist.
He was a judge of the United States court
for the district of Alabama.
JONES, WILLIAM LUCIUS, journalist,
was born June 7, 1859, in Lebanon, 111.
He is the editor and owner of the Jour
nal of Lebanon, 111.; and president of the
Sovithern Illinois Press association in
1891.
JONES, WILLIAM PALMER, educator,
journalist, physician, state senator, was
born Oct. 17, 1819, in Adair county, Ky.
He aided in founding Shelby Medical col
lege in 1858, and filled its chair of .materia
medica, and in 1876 became president of
Nashville Medical college in Tennessee,
and professor of psychological medicine
and mental hygiene. As a member of the
state senate he introduced the public
school law, which provides equal educa
tional advantages for children of all
races.
JONES, WILLIAM T.. soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Feb. 20,
1842, in Corydon, Ind. He served in the
army as lieutenant, captain and major of
the seventeenth Indiana volunteers; and
was appointed associate justice of the su
preme court of Wyoming in 1869. He was
elected a delegate from Wyoming territory
to the forty-second congress as a repub
lican.
JONES. WILLIE, patriot, was born in
1731 in Halifax, N. C. He was a dele
gate to the continental congress in 1780
and 1781 from North Carolina. He died
in 1801 near Raleigh, N. C.
JORDAN, AMBROSE LATTING, law
yer, jurist, state senator, was born in 1791
in Hillsdale, N. Y. He attained emi
nence as a lawyer of New York city;
was a member of the assembly; a state
senator; judge of the court of appeals;
and attorney general of the state. He
died July 16, 1865, in New York city.
JORDAN, CHARLES E., lawyer, was
born Sept. 28, 1865, in Palmyra, N. Y. He
received his education at the Palmyra
Union school, and the Union university.
In 1887 he was admitted to the bar of the
state of New York; and has since been
actively engaged in the practice of law.
He is one of the foremost lawyers of Ala
bama, and has a large practice at Flor
ence.
HERRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
541
JORDAN, MRS. CORNELIA JANE
[MATTHEWS], author, poet, was born
Jan. 11, 1830, in Lynchburg, Va. She is
a Virginia poet whose volume, Corinth,
and Other Poems of the War, was pub
licly burnt on its appearance in 1865, by
order of Gen. Terry, as an objectionable
and incendiary publication. Her other
works are. Flowers of Hope and Memory;
Christmas Poem for Children; Richmond,
her Glory and her Graves; and Useful
Maxims for a Noble Life.
JORDAN, DAVID STARR, educator,
naturalist, college president, author, was
born Jan. 19, 1851, in Gainesville, N. Y.
In 1872 he graduated from Cornell uni
versity; was president of the university
of Indiana during 1884-91; and since 1891
has been president of the Leland Stan
ford Junior university. In 1896-97 he was
commissioner in charge cf the fur seal
investigations. Since 1896 he has also
been president of the California Academy
of Sciences. He is a noted naturalist;
and has published numerous scientific pa
pers and monographs. He is the author
of A Manual of the Vertebrate Animals of
the Northern United States; Scientific
Sketches; Contributions to American Ich
thyology; and The Factors in Organic
Evolution.
JORDAN, MRS. DULCIE [MASON],
journalist, poet, was born in 1835 in
New York. She is a journalist and poet
of Richmond, Ind., who has published
Rosemary Leaves, a volume of poems.
JORDAN, ISAAC M., lawyer, congress
man, was born May 5, 1835, in Union
county, Pa. He was nominated by accla
mation, and elected a representative from
Ohio to the forty-eighth congress as a
democrat.
JORDAN, JAMES H., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 21, 1842, in Wood
stock, Va. He served as a soldier in the
union army during the civil war; has
been state's attorney; and is now a judge
of the supreme court of Indiana.
JORDAN, JAMES JOSEPH, journalist,
was born Oct. 5, 1856, in Archbald, Pa.
He was identified with educational work
early in life; and in 1S78 was elected a
member of the Archbald school board. In
1882 he founded the Archbald Truth; and
subsequently moved to Scranton, Pa.,
where a wider field was to be obtained;
and continued the publication under the
name of The Scranton Truth, an inde
pendent daily newspaper, which has
achieved remarkable success in winning a
national reputation, and conceded to be
the leading paper in the Keystone state.
Mr. Jordan has been eminently successful
in journalism; and is one of the foremost
men of Pennsylvania.
JORDAN, JOHN, antiquarian, was born
May 8, 1808, in Philadelphia, Pa. He is
one of the oldest surviving members of
the Historical society of Pennsylvania.
JORDAN, JOHN WOOLF, antiquarian,
author, was born Sept. 14, 1840, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is a Philadelphia anti
quarian, editor of the Pennsylvania Mag
azine of History; and the author of
Friedensthal and its Stockaded Mill; A
Red Rose from the Olden Time; Some
thing about Trombones; and Occupation
of New York by the British.
JORDAN, M. S., clergyman, was born
Jan. 14, 1855, in Alabama. He received
his education in Montgomery, Ala.; and
is now a successful clergyman at Colum
bus, Texas. He has filled important offices
in various secret orders, and has taken an
active part in religious and educational
affairs.
JORDAN, RICHARD FRANCIS, law
yer, was born March 19, 1856, in Glens
Falls, N. Y. In 1879 he was admitted to
the bar; became city attorney and soli
citor of Boone, Iowa, which position he
filled for nine years; was president of
the school board for three years; and a
member of the public library board for
ten years. His practice covers several
counties; and he has taken an active
part in all the important litigated cases
in his part of the state.
JORDAN, THOMAS, soldier, journalist,
author, was bcrn Sept. 30, 1819, in Luray
Valley, Va. He was a confederate of
ficer; and the editor of The Mining Rec
ord. He is the author of The South, its
Products, Commerce, and Resources; and
Campaigns of Lieutenant-General For
rest.
JORDAN, FRANCIS, lawyer, state leg
islator, was born Feb. 5, 1820, in Bel-
ford county, Pa. In 1855 he was a mem
ber of the Pennsylvania state senate. He
has been president and general counsel of
the Pennsylvania Telephone company
since its organization in 1882.
JORGENSON, JOSEPH, surgeon, state
legislator, congressman, was born Feb.
11, 1844, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was an
assistant surgeon in the United States
army from 1865 to 1868. He settled in
Virginia; and was elected a representa
tive in the state legislature in 1871. He
was elected a representative from Vir
ginia to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses as a republican.
JOSEPH, ANTONIO, merchant, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born
Aug. 25, 1846, in Taos, N. M. He was
county judge of Taos
county, N. M., for six
years; and was a
representative in the
territorial legisla
ture for six years. He
was a senator in the
territorial legisla
ture when elected
a delegate from New
Mexico to the forty-
ninth congress; and
was re-elected to the
fiftieth, fifty-first, fif
ty-second and fifty-third congresses as a
democrat.
JOSLIN, THEODORE MERRILLS, ed
ucator, lawyer, was born Dec. 21, 1869, in
Woodstock, Mich. He finished his educa
tion at the Michigan State Normal school;
for several years was engaged in educa
tional work; and then was in the rail
way mail service. He was subsequently
admitted to the bar, and has attained suc
cess as an able lawyer of Adrian, Mich.
JOSLIN. THOMAS JEFFERSON, cler
gyman, was born April 29, 1829, in Cohoc-
ton, N. Y. In 1844 he moved with his
parents to Michigan.
He has been a mem
ber of the Detroit
annual conference of
themethodist episco-
• ~~f^U Pal church for half
JL A a century; has filled
important pastor
ates; served three
full terms as presid
ing elder; one term as
a delegate to the gen
eral conference at
Philadelphia: and
one term as regent of the university of
Michigan. He is still doing effective
work, and has gained special prominence
throughout Michigan by his Addresses,
Orations, and Dedications, for which oc
casions he is in con-stant demand.
JOSSELYN, WARREN B., lawyer, was
born Aug. 9, 1863, in San Francisco, Cal.
He attended the university of California;
was admitted to the bar; and has at
tained success in the profession of law
in his native state at Santa Cruz, where
he takes an active part in the public af
fairs of his county and state.
JOUETT, MATTHEW HARRIS, soldier,
artist, was bcrn April 22, 1788. in
Mercer county, Ky. He enlisted in
the war of 1812 as lieutenant of
the twenty-eighth infantry, serving in
the northwest, and was appointed cap
tain. He painted more than three hun
dred portraits, among which one of La
fayette was ordered by the legislature of
the lower house of congress of Kentucky.
JOUIN, LOUIS, educator, author, was
born June 14, 1818, in Prussia. He is a
Jesuit educator of note, professor at St.
John's college, Fordham; and the author
of Elementa Philosophise Moralis; Com
pendium Logica? et Metaphysicae; and
Evidences of Religion.
JOY, CHARLES ARAD, journalist,
scholar, chemist, was born Oct. 8, 1823, in
Ludlowville, N. Y. He was for two years
editor of the Scientific American; and also
editor of all chemical articles in Apple-
ton's New American Cyclopedia. He died
May 29, 1891, in Stockbridge, Mass.
JOY, CHARLES FREDERICK, con
gressman, was born Dec. 11, 1849, in Mor
gan county, 111. He graduated with the
degree of bachelor of
arts June 25, 1874;
engaged in the prac
tice of law in St.
Louis in September,
1876, and since that
time has devoted
himself exclusively
to his profession. He
was elected to the
fifty-third congress
as a republican, but
was unseated on
contest in favor of
John J. O'Neill, his democratic opponent,
April 3, 1894. He was elected to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a republican.
JOY, EDMUND L., soldier, lawyer, state
legislator, was born Oct. 1, 1835, in Al
bany, N. Y. After graduating from the
university of Ro
chester, he studied
law and was admit
ted to the bar of New
York in 1857. The
same year he moved
to Ottumwa. Iowa;
and in 1860 was ap
pointed city attor
ney. During the
civil war he served
as captain in the
thirty-sixth Iowa in
fantry; and in 1864
was appointed by President Lincoln major
and judge advocate of the United States
volunteers, and assigned to the seventh
army corps. After the war he settled in
Newark, N. J., and engaged in business.
In 1871 he was elected to the New Jersey
legislature, and was re-elected the follow
ing year. He was president of the New
ark board of trade in 1875-76; and presi
dent of the Newark board of education in
1885-87. In 1880 he was a delegate to the
republican national convention; and in
1884 was appointed by President Arthur a
government director of the Union Pacific
Railroad company. He died Feb. 14, 1892.
His son, Edmund S. Joy, is a noted lawyer
of Newark, N. J.
542
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
JOY, JAMES F., lawyer, railroad presi
dent, was born Dec. 2, 1810, in Durham,
X. H. In 1846 he entered the railway
service as attorney
and general counsel
of the Michigan Cen-
rl tral railroad. He was
I subsequently con-
nected with the Illi-
nois Central rail-
road; organized the
Chicago, Burlington
and Quincy railroad,
and was for many
years at its head. In
1867 he was presi
dent of the Mich
igan Central railroad; was for sev
eral years president of the Wabash, St.
Louis and Pacific railway; and is now
president and treasurer of the Detroit
Union Railway Depot and Station com
pany at Detroit, Mich.
JOY, JOHN BACHELDER, farmer, leg
islator, was born Jan. 12, 1848, In Mor
gan county, 111. He received his educa
tion at the High school of Jacksonville,
111., and is now a successful farmer and
stock-raiser of Concord. He served with
distinction as a member of the fortieth
general assembly of the Illinois state leg
islature; is prominent in religious circles,
and vice-president of the State Sunday
School association.
JOY, THOMAS, colonist, was born in
1610 in Norfolk county, England. He
came to America in 1635 and settled in
Boston, where he owned much land on
which historic edifices have been built,
such as the mansions of Governor Hutch-
inson and Sir Charles Henry Frankland,
the home of Paul Revere and Faneuil
Hall. He purchased large tracts from
Indians in Maine and the interior of Mas
sachusetts, and possessed many acres in
Hingham and Lynn. He was an archi
tect and builder, and constructed resi
dences, wharves, bridges and warehouses
in Boston, Cnarlestown and Brookline.
He was a signer of the remonstrance and
petition of 1646, which was a prayer for
the extension of the right of suffrage
amons the colonists of Massachusetts
bay. In 1657 he was entrusted with the
construction of the town house of Boston,
the most important public work up to that
time undertaken in New England. He be
came a freeman in 1665; was held for
trial in 1676 for reproaching the authori
ties of the country during King Philip's
war; and in 1658 was a member of the
Ancient and Honorable Artillery com
pany. He died Oct. 21, 1678.
JOYCE, CHARLES HERBERT, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born Jan. 30,
1830, in Andover, England. He was state
librarian of Vermont in 1855 and 1856;
and county attorney in 1856 and 1857.
He was commissioned major of second
Vermont infantry in 1861, and promoted
to lieutenant-colonel in 1802. He was a
member of the legislature in 1869, 1870
and 1871; and was speaker during the lat
ter term. He was elected a representa-
the from Vermont to the forty-fourth
congress; and re-elected to the forty-fifth,
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses
as a r< publican.
JOYCE, ROBERT DWYER, journalist,
author, poet, was born in 1836 in Ireland.
He was an Irish journalist who came to
America in 1866 and settled in Boston. He
was the author of Ballads, Romances and
Songs; Deirdre, a Poem; Ballads of Irish
Chivalry; Irish Fireside Tales; Legends
on the Wars in Ireland; Blanid; and The
Squire of Castleton, an historical novel.
He died in 1883.
JOYNES, EDWARD SOUTHEY, soldier,
educator, author, was born March 2, 1834,
in Accomac county, Va. He was in the
confederate civil service during the late
war. In 1883 he accepted the chair of
modern languages in South Carolina col
lege. Columbia, S. C. He is the editor
of the Joynes-Otto series of text-books,
in French and German, and also of clas
sic French plays.
JUDD, BETHEL, college president, was
born about 1776 in Watertown. Conn. In
1807 he was elected president of St. John's
college, from which he retired in 1812.
JUDD, CHARLES PRATT, soldier, po
et, was born March 27, 1840, in Jackson
ville, 111. He served during the civil war
in company K, se\enteenth Illinois vol
unteer infantry; took part in three en
gagements; and was badly wounded at
Shiloh. He is the author of a song book
and a volume of poems.
JUDD, DAVID WRIGHT, soldier, jour
nalist, state legislator, author, was born
Sept. 1, 1838, in Lockport, N. Y. During
the civil war he enlisted as a private,
and received a captain's commission be
fore he resigned. He was elected as a re
publican to the New York legislature in
1871. He was the author of Two Years'
Campaigning in Virginia and Maryland,
and edited The Educational Cyclopaedia;
and The Life and Writings of Frank For
ester, in ten volumes. He died Feb. 6,
1860, in New York city.
JUDD, FRANCIS EMERSON, educator,
clergyman, author, poet, was born April
19, 1827, in Stanstead, Province of Que
bec, Canada. He re
ceived the degree of
A. M. from the uni
versity of Vermont;
and the same degree
was conferred upon
him by Bishop's col
lege of Lennox\ illc.
Canada. He received
the degree of D. D.
from the Griswold
college of Davenport,
Iowa, in which insti
tution he was a pro
fessor for several years. He moved to
Iowa in 1857; was president of the stand
ing committee of the diocese of Iowa;
and secretary of the diocesan convention;
has been rector of prominent parishes in
Iowa; and attained success as an eminent
clergyman of the protestant episcopal
church. He is the author of several ec
clesiastical works; published sermons
and a number of meritorious poems.
JUDD, NORMAN BUEL, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 10,
1815, in Rome, N. Y. He was a member
of the Illinois senate from 1844 until 1860.
In 1866 he was elected a representative
from Illinois to the fortieth congress; and
re-elected to the forty-first congress as
a republican. He was subsequently ap
pointed collector of customs at Chicago.
He died Nov. 10, 1878, in Chicago, 111.
JUDD, ORANGE, journalist, was born
July 26, 1822, in Niagara Falls, N. Y.
The American Agriculturist, under his su
pervision, is in the foremost rank of ag
ricultural journals. He was also pub
lisher of the Hearth and Home; and ag
ricultural editor of the New York Times.
JUDD, SYLVESTER, antiquarian, au
thor, was born April 23, 1789, in West-
hampton. Mass. He was an antiquarian
of Northampton, Mass.; and the author
of Thomas Judd and his Descendants; and
History of Hadley. He died April 18,
1860, in Northampton, Mass.
JUDD, SYLVESTER, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born July 23, 1813, in
Westhampton, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Augusta, Maine. His great
est work is the remarkable story of Mar
garet: a Tale of the Real and the Ideal.
Other works of his include, Philo, a re
ligious poem; Richard Edney, a novel;
and The Church, a series of sermons. He
died Jan. 26, 1853, in Augusta, Maine.
JUDD, WARREN, merchant, journal
ist, was born Sept. 15, 1837, near Shelby-
ville, Ind. Most of his life has been spent
in mercantile pursuits; is now a success
ful merchant and journalist of Needham,
Ind.; and the editor and owner of The
Hustler. He is a prominent member of
the people's party; has been postmaster,
and filled various other public positions o(
trust in his county and state.
JUDD, WILLIAM, educator, clergyman,
was born Sept. 27, 1843. in Warsaw, N. Y.
He received his education at the Green
ville High school, the Munroe academy,
and the Bryant and Stratton Commercial
college. For four years during the war
he was in the United States service; and
for many years has been chaplain of the
Grand Army of the Republic department
of Michigan. He has been justice of the
peace at Howard City, Mich.; superinten
dent of schools; and filled various other
public positions of honor. He is a suc
cessful clergyman of the methodist epis
copal church, and now fills a pastorate in
Howard City, Mich.
JUDGE, WILLIAM QUAN, lawyer, the-
osophist, author, was born April 13, 1851,
in Dublin, Ireland. He was a successful
lawyer of New York city; and the author
of Echoes from the Orient, and other
works. He was the real head of the the-
osophy movement in America, and from
1886 until his death he published Path, a
monthly magazine devoted to theosophy.
He died March 21, 1896, in New York
city.
JUDKINS, J. BYRON, lawyer, jurist,
was born Jan. 17, 1851, in Cold water,
Ohio. He received the rudiments of his
education in the public schools; and grad
uated from the Liber college of Indiana.
In 1874 he was admitted to the bar; and
in 1880 was appointed judge of the nine
teenth judicial circuit to fill a vacancy, to
which office he was subsequently elected,
and served with distinction during 1880-
94. He declined further re-election, and
since that time has practiced his profes
sion in Grand Rapids, Mich. He is also
director of the First National bank of
Reed city; and is identified with various
other institutions.
JUDSON, ANDREW THOMPSON, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Nov.
29, 1784, in Eastford, Conn. He was at
different times a member of both branches
of the Connecticut legislature. He was
a representative in congress from 1835
to 1839, when he was elected judge of the
district court, and continued in that po
sition until his death. He died March 17,
1853, in Canterbury, Conn.
JUDSON, EDWARD Z. C., author, was
born in 1822 in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
a writer of sensational non-literary stor
ies for weekly papers which gave him a
large income. He was also a temper
ance lecturer. Among his stories are, Red
Ralph the Ranger; The Sea Bandit; Buf
falo Bill; and The White Cruiser. He
died July 16, 1866, in Stamford, N. Y.
JUDSON, MRS. EMILY FCHUBBUCKL
author, was born Aug. 22, 1817, in Eaton,
N. Y. She was a once popular writer who
was the third wife of the famous baptist
missionary, Adoniram Judson; and the
author of Alderbrook, a collection of stor
ies; Trippings in Author Land; and An
Olio of Domestic Verses. She died in 1854,
in Hamilton, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
543
JUDSON, HARRY PRATT, educator,
author, was born in 1849 in New York.
He is a professor of political science in
the university of Chicago; and the author
of Europe in the Nineteenth Century;
The Growth of the American Nation; and
Cesar's Army, a Study of the Military
Art of the Romans.
JUDSON, L. CARROLL, author. She is
the author of Biography of the Signers
of the Declaration of Independence;
Sages and Heroes of the American Rev
olution; and The Moral Probe, a collec
tion of Essays.
JUDSON, SARAH HALL BOARDMAN,
missionary, translator, was born Nov. 4,
1803, in Alstead, N. H. She translated
a part of Pilgrim's Progress; also the
Dying Father's Advice, and several
hymns; and published four volumes of
Scripture questions. She died Sept. 1,
1845, in St. Helena.
JUENGLING. FREDERICK, artist, was
born Oct. 8, 1846, in New York city. His
paintings include The Intruder; West
ward Bound; and In the Street. He died
Dec. 31, 1889, in New York city.
JULIAN, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
lawyer, congressman, was born May 5,
1817, in Centreville, Ind. In 1845 he was
elected to the legislature of Indiana; and
was a representative in congress from In
diana from 1849 to 1851. In 1852 he was
nominated by the Pittsburg convention
for office of vice-president of the United
States. In 1860 he was elected a repre
sentative from Indiana to the thirty-sev
enth congress; and in 1862 was re-elected
to the thirty-eighth congress. He was re-
elected to the thirty-ninth, fortieth and
forty-first congresses as a republican. He
wa's surveyor-general of New Mexico in
1885. He is the author of Speeches on Po
litical Questions; Political Recollections
from 1840-72; and Life of Joshua Gid-
<lings.
JULIAN, ISAAC HOOVER, journalist,
author, poet, was born June 19, 1823, near
Centreville, Ind. In 1857 he published
Sketches of the Early History of the
Whitewater Valley. For forty years he
has been a successful journalist, and is
now connected with The People's Era of
St. San Marcos, Texas. Besides numer
ous poems, pamphlets and essays, he has
published a Memoir of David Hoover.
JUNKIN, BENJAMIN T., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 12, 1822, in
Cumberland county, Pa. He was elected
district attorney for Perry county in 1850,
and held the office three years. He was
elected from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
sixth congress.
JUNKIN, DAVID XAVIER, clergyman,
author, was born Jan. 8, 1808, in Mercer,
Pa. He was a presbyterian clergyman of
Chicago and elsewhere; and the author of
The Good Steward; Lite of General Han
cock (with F. H. Norton); and The Oath
a Divine Ordinance. He died April 22,
1888, in Martinsburg, Pa.
JUNKIN, GEORGE, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 1, 1790, in Carlisle, Pa. He
was a presbyterian clergyman once prom
inent among leaders of the Old School
party. He was the founder of Lafayette
college, Easton, Pa., and was twice its
president. His more important works in
clude. Commentary on Hebrews; Political
Fallacies; The Great Apostasy; Sancti-
flcation; Justification; and The Taber
nacle. He died May 20, 1868, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
JUSTIN, JOEL GILBERT, physician,
inventor, was born Sept. 12, 1851, in
Richmond, N. Y. He attained success as
a physician of Syracuse, N. Y., and has
invented several throat and toilet sprays
which have gained a marked recognition.
JUSTUS, CUMMINS C., educator, was
born Feb. 19, 1868, in Grainger county,
Tenn. After finishing his education at
the Sulphur Springs
academy, he engaged
in educational work;
is superintendent of
schools; has always
advocated reform in
school work; and has
been instrumental in
securing for his state
the uniformity of
text books; grading
of schools; circulat
ing library move
ment; county asso
ciation of teachers; institutes throughout
the year; and excellent normal institute.
KAGAY, BENJAMIN F., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Feb. 27, 1831, in Fairfield
county, Ohio. He was the first mayor of
the city of Effingham, 111.; and represent
ed his district in the Illinois state legis
lature in 1871-72.
KAHLO, CHARLES, manufacturer,
state senator, was born July 4, 1840, in
Prussia. In 1878 he was elected state
senator from Cass and Carroll counties.
Ind. — the first republican elected from
that democratic district.
KAHM, MRS. RUTH WARD, author,
was born Aug. 4, 1870, in Jackson, Mich.
She is the author of an epic poem en
titled Gertrude; and a novel, The Story
of Judith.
KAISER, LOUIS, merchant, legislator,
was born July 29, 1843, in Germany. For
six years he was mayor of his city; and
for four years served as a member of his
district in the Illinois general assembly.
KAISER, MARK, musician, composer,
was born Feb. 22, 1855, in New Orleans,
La. He was educated at the Paris con
servatory; and as a
solo player attained
prominence in that
city. During 1876-78
he traveled in the
United States and
Canada, as violin so
loist, with artists
under the manage
ments of Max Strak-
^ • osch and Henry Ma-
^^fe pleson. II- IKIS at-
^•^^ . JS^f tained great promi
nence in the musical
world; and is noted also for his success
as a teacher and concert violinist of New
Orleans, La.
KALBFLEISCH, MARTIN, manufactur
er, chemist, congressman, was born Feb.
8, 1804, in Holland. In 1862 he was elect
ed a representative from New York to
the thirty-eighth congress. He died Feb.
12, 1873, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
KALER, JAMES OTIS, journalist, au
thor, was born March 19, 1848, in Winter-
port, Maine. He is a journalist of New
York city who has written much for ju-
\enile readers. He is the author of The
Boy Captain; Under the Liberty Tree; A
Short Cruise; The Boys' Revolt; Toby Ty
ler; Left Behind; Mr. Stubbs's Brother;
Tom and Tip; Raising the Pearl; Silent
Pete; The Castaways; Little Joe; -Stor
ies of American History; Jerry's Family;
and Jenny Wren's Boarding House.
KAL1SCH, IS1DOR, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 15, 1816, in Prussia. He
was a Jewish clergyman who came to the
United States in 1849, and was rabbi of
congregations in Cleveland, Milwaukee,
and elsewhere. He published Sketch of
the Talmud, and several important trans
lations from the German and Hebrew. He
died May 11, 1886, in Newark, N. J.
KALOPOTHAKES, MARTHA HOOPER
BLACKLER, missionary, journalist, trans
lator, was born June 1, 1830, in Marble-
head, Mass. She labored as a missionary,
and exercised a wide influence among the
Greek women. During the last three years
of her life she translated books from the
English, and edited a juvenile paper that
was published in Greek. She died Dec.
16, 1871, in Athens, Greece.
KAMPMAN, LEWIS FRANCIS, educa
tor, journalist, was born Feb. 16, 1817, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was one of the foun
ders and editors of the Moravian at Lan
caster, Pa.; from 1855-58 president of the
Theological seminary at Lancaster, Pa.;
and was one of the compilers of the Mo
ravian Hymnal. He died Oct. 21, 1884,
in Bethlehem, Pa.
KANAN, MICHAEL, farmer, soldier,
state senator, was born in November,
1837, in Essex county, N. Y. He enlisted
in company A, forty-first Illinois infant
ry, and served nearly four years. He
was mayor of Decatur, III., for six years;
and was elected to the state senate in
1894.
KANE, ELIAS KENT, state legislator,
United States senator, was born June 7,
1796, in New York city. He was elected
a member of the legislature; and from
1825 to 1835 was a senator in congress
from Illinois. He died Dec. 11, 1835, in
Washington, D. C.
KANE, ELISHA K., railroad president,
was born in Philadelphia, Pa. Since 1883
he has been president of the Big Level
and Kinzua railroad; and is also presi
dent of the Mount Jewett, Kinzua and
Ritterville railroad.
KANE, ELISHA KENT, surgeon, ex
plorer, author, was born Feb. 20, 1820,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a surgeon
in the United States navy who was fa
mous as an Arctic explorer; and the au
thor of The United States Grinnell Ex
pedition of 1850; and Second Grinnell Ex
pedition. He died Feb. 16, 1857, in Ha
vana, Cuba.
KANE, JOHN KINTZING, lawyer, jur
ist, was born May 16, 1795, in Albany
N. Y. In 1845 he was chosen attorney
general of Pennsylvania; and in 1846 re
signed to accept the position of United
States district judge for the state of Penn
sylvania. He died Feb. 21, 1858, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
KANE, THOMAS LEIPER, soldier, law
yer, author, was born Jan. 27, -1822, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a lawyer of
Philadelphia, and a brigadier-general in
the federal army in the civil war. He
was the author of The Mormons; Alaska;
and Coahuila. He died Dec. 26, 1883 in
Philadelphia, Pa.
KANTZ, AUGUST VALENTINE, sol
dier, was born Jan. 5, 1828, in Ger
many. He served in the civil war; and
for gallant and meritorious services at
tained the rank of brigadier-general.
KAPLAN, A. ORNSTEIN, poet, was
born in November, 1849, in Germany. In
1857 he ca"me to America with his par
ents; lived in New
York city until 1861;
jf& and in Loveland,
near Cincinnati.
f „.,,.,, Ohio, until 1868.
Since that time he
has lived in Cincin
nati, principally en
gaged in the insur
ance business. He is
the author of several
volumes, notably
three beautiful bro
chures, entitled The
Magic Laugh; The Prince of Hades; and
The Baby's Biography.
544
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KASSON, JOHN ADAMS, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Jan. 11,
1822, near Burlington, Vt. In 1861 he was
appointed assistant postmaster-general,
which office he resigned in 1862 when
elected a representative from Iowa to the
thirty-eighth congress. He was re-elect
ed to the thirty-ninth congress. He was
elected to the legislature of Iowa for sev
eral years; and was elected to the forty-
third, forty-fourth, forty-seventh and
forty-eighth congresses as a republican.
KATTE, WALTER, civil engineer, was
born Nov. 14, 1830, in England. In 1886
he became chief engineer of the New York
Central and Hudson River, New York and
Harlem, and West Shore railroads with
their branches.
KATZER. FREDERICK XAVIER, arch
bishop, was born Feb. 7, 1844, in Austria.
He became vicar-general of Green Bay,
Wis., of which city he was consecrated
bishop in 1886; and in 1891 he was made
archbishop of Milwaukee.
KAUFER, JOHN C.. journalist, was
born June 2, 1857, in Wilkes Barre, Pa. He
is the editor and publisher of the Plain
Dealer of Wilkes Barre, Pa. He started
in life as a printer; has been alderman
and deputy mayor of his native city; and
is a prominent member of several frater
nal orders.
KAUFMAN, DAVID SPANGLER, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Dec. 18, 1813, in Boiling Springs.
Pa. In 1837 he moved to Nacogdoches,
Texas; and in 1838 was elected a repre
sentative in the Texan congress. He was
twice re-elected, and twice chosen speak
er of the house; and in 1843 was elected
to the senate. He was elected one of the
first members of the house of represen
tatives from Texas, serving from 1846 to
1851. He died Jan. 13, 1851, in Washing
ton, D. C.
KAUFMAN, N. M., merchant, financier,
was born July 4, 1862, in Marquette,
Mich. He is a successful merchant of
Marquette, Mich.; is
a successful miner
and mine owner;
and in 1893 was elect
ed mayor of his city.
Ho organized the
Marquette County
Savings bank, of
which he is presi
dent; is also presi
dent of the Mar
quette Milling com
pany; president of
the Hammond, Whit
ing and East Chicago road; and inter
ested in various other business enter
prises.
KAUFMAN, THEODORE, artist, was
born Dec. 18, 1814, in Nelson, Hanover.
His works include Gen. Sherman near the
Watchfire; On to Liberty; A Pacific Rail
way Train attacked by Indians; Slaves
seeking Shelter under the Flag of the
Union; and Admiral Farragut entering
Harbor through Torpedoes.
KAUTZ, ALBERT, naval officer, was
born June 29, 1839, in Georgetown, Ohio.
He was appointed lieutenant in 1861; lieu-
tenant-commandor in 1865; commander in
1872; and captain in 1885.
KAUTZ, AUGUST VALENTINE, sol
dier, author, was born Jan. 5, 1828, in
Germany. He was an officer in the United
States army who served in the civil war,
and became a colonel and brevet major-
general. He was the author of The Com
pany Clerk; Customs of Service for Non
commissioned Officers and Soldiers; and
Customs of Service for Officers. He died
in 1895.
KAUTZ, JULIA M., educator, poet, was
born Nov. 16, 1825, in Bethany, N. Y.
She graduated from the Ingham univer
sity; and in 1849 took charge of the
Young Ladies' department in the Logans-
port seminary, Ind. She is the wife of a
clergyman and home missionary; has con
tributed extensively to the periodical
press, and some of her poems have been
given representation in standard works.
KAVANAGH, EDWARD, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
27, 1795. in Newcastle, Maine. He was a
member of the Maine legislature in 1826,
1828, 1842 and 1843; secretary of the state
senate in 1830; and was a representative
in congress from 1831 to 1835. He was
acting governor of Maine from 1843 to
1844, and for a short time president of
the state senate. He died Jan. 21, 1844,
in Newcastle, Maine.
KAVANAUGH, DANIEL C., farmer,
public official, was born Nov. 23, 1857, in
Milwaukee, Wis. He has attained success
in his business of painter and farmer at
Columbus, Neb., where he has resided
since 1875. For six years he was assessor;
and has twice been sheriff of his county,
serving in that office with success for
twelve years.
KAVANAUGH. HUBBARD HINDE,
bishop of the methodist episcopal church,
was born Jan. 14, 1802, near Winchester,
• .„_ Ky- In 1839 he was
j^^^^^^__ appointed superin-
ajU*. tendent of public ed-
^k ucation for the state
• by Gov. Clark, and
/ ™ filled the position
^|***t' ' until in the follow
ing year, and was
^px \J again proffered the
position by Gov.
Wickliffe. In 1854 at
the general confer
ence held in Colum
bus, Ga., he was ele
vated to the episcopal office, the highest
within the gift of the church, and in that
office met the highest expectations of
his people. He died March 19, 1884, in
Columbus, Miss.
KAYE, JOHN BRAYSHAW, lawyer, po
et, was born June 10, 1841, in England.
He is a lawyer of Calmar, Iowa, of which
city he has been mayor and attorney of
his county for two terms. He is the au
thor of two volumes of poems, entitled
Facts and Fancies, and Songs of Lake Ge
neva.
KEABLES, THOMAS ASH, soldier, phy
sician, surgeon, legislator, was born Feb.
22, 1844, in Mansfield, Conn. He was ed
ucated at the Alfred unhersity; and grad
uated in medicine from the medical de
partment of the Georgetown college. D.
C. During 1862-64 he served gallantly in
the war as lieutenant of the light artil
lery. He has attained success in his pro
fession, and is a noted physician and sur
geon of Bodie, Cal. In 1896-97 he served
with distinction as a member of the as
sembly of the California state legisla
ture; and was chairman of the commit
tee on public health and quarantine.
KEAN, JOHN, congressman, was born
about 1756 in South Carolina. He was a
delegate from South Carolina to the con
tinental congress from 1785 to 1787. He
died in May. 17!)5, in Philadelphia, Pa.
KEAN, JOHN, JR., manufacturer, ban
ker, congressman, was born Dec. 4, 1852,
in Ursino, N. J. He settled in Elizabeth,
N. J.; and was elected a representative
from New Jersey to the forty-eighth and
fiftieth congresses as a republican.
KEANE, JOHN JOSEPH, Roman cath
olic bishop, was born Sept. 12, 1839, in
Ireland. He was assistant pastor of St-
Patrick's church, Washington, D. C., till
1878, when he was made bishop of Rich
mond, Va.
KEARNEY, DYRE, congressman. He
was a delegate from Delaware to the con
tinental congress from 1786 to 1788.
KEARNEY, LAWRENCE, naval officer,
was born Nov. 30, 1789. in Perth Amboy,
N. J. He entered the navy as a midship
man in 1807; and in 1866 was made com
modore. He died Nov. 29, 1868, in Perth
Amboy, N. J.
KEARNEY, PHILIP, soldier, was born
June 2, 1815, in New York city. He
served with distinction through the Mex-
^m „-___.. ican war, and lost his
left arm. During the
civil war he was
made a brigadier-
general of volun
teers; and subse
quently attained the
rank of major-gen
eral. He was killed in
battle Sept. 1, 1862.
near Chantilly, Va.
His remains were
sent by Gen. Lee
under a flag of truce
to Gen. Hooker, and being embalmed were
transferred to New York and buried in
the Watts vault in Trinity churchyard.
KEARNEY, STEPHEN WATTS, sol
dier, was born Aug. 30, 1794, in Newark,
N. J. He was a gallant soldier in the war
of 1812. He was brevetted a brigadier in
1846, and major-general in December the
same year, for gallant conduct in the
Mexican war. He died in October, 1848, in
Vera Cruz.
KEARSLEY, JOHN, physician, was
born about 1684 in England. He served
for many years in the assembly of Penn
sylvania; and was a celebrated physician
of Philadelphia. He died in January,
1772, in Philadelphia.
KEASBEY, LINDLEY MILLER, edu
cator, author, was born in 1867 in New
Jersey. He was a professor of history
and economics at the university of Colo
rado in 1892-94; and at Bryn Mawr col
lege, Bryn Mawr, Pa., from 1894. He is
the author of The Nicaragua Canal and
the Monroe Doctrine.
KEATING, JOHN M., physician, author,
was born April 30, 1852, in Philadelphia.
He is a Philadelphia physician; and the
author of With General Grant in the East;
Mothers' Guide for Management of In
fants; Maternity, Infancy, and Childhood;
and Diseases of the Heart.
KEATING, WILLIAM HYPOLITUS, ed
ucator, chemist, author, was born Aug. 11,
1799, in Wilmington, Del. His efforts for
an institution of higher aims in scien
tific instruction ultimately led to the
founding of the Franklin institute in 1824,
in which he was professor of chemistry.
He was the author of a Narrative of an
Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's
River, etc., in 1823. He died about 1844 in
London, England.
KEAYNE, ROBERT, philanthropist,
state legislator, was born in 1595 in Eng
land. He was frequently a representative
to the Massachusetts state legislature be
tween 1638 and 1649, a liberal donor to
Harvard, and left a legacy for the estab
lishment of a free school in Boston, which
is now the Latin grammar school. He
died March 23, 1656, in Boston, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
545
KECK, JOHN MELVIN, educator, cler
gyman, lecturer, was born Sept. 18, 1854,
in Franklin Square, Ohio. He is a grad
uate of Mount Union college, and of the
Drew Theological seminary of Madison,
N. J. He has filled the chair of German
in the Mount Union college of Alliance,
Ohio; since 1883 has been a clergyman of
the methodist episcopal church; and now
fills a pastorate in Mentor, Ohio. He is a
noted lecturer on natural history; and a
constant writer of magazine articles on
popular science.
KEDNEY, JOHN STEINFORT, educat
or, clergyman, author, was born Feb. 12,
1819, in Essex county, N. J. He is an
episcopal clergyman, professor in Sea-
bury Divinity school at Faribault, Minn.,
since 1871; and the author of Mens Chris-
ti, and Other Problems in Theology; Ca-
tawba, and Other Poems; The Beautiful
and the Sublime, an Analysis of tiie Emo
tions; Hegel's ^Esthetics; and Christian
Doctrine Harmonized.
KEEFE, JOHN C., manufacturer, jour
nalist, inventor, was born in 1846 in
Chicopee, Mass. In 1878 he became editor
of the Milwaukee News. He is the in
ventor of several useful patents.
KEEFER, HORACE ANDREW, legisla
tor, was born Sept. 8, 1855, in Schuylkill
Haven, Pa. He received an academic edu
cation, and spent ten years in the various
departments of iron and steel making in
Pennsylvania — from clerk to superintend
ent. In 1883 he moved west, and subse
quently became a member of the Kansas
house of representatives from the Leaven-
worth district.
KEEGAN, J. TREMAINE, poet, was
born Sept. 16, 1847, in Berlin, Conn. He
is the author of a number of meritorious
poems, including Bells of San Bias'; De
serted City in Yucatan; The Exile's
Dream; and The Wanderer's Return.
KEELER, CHARLES AUGUSTUS, or
nithologist, author, was born in 1871 in
Wisconsin. He is an ornithologist and
verse-writer of California; and the au
thor of Evolution of Color in North Amer
ican Land Birds; and A Light Through
the Storm.
KEELER, JAMES EDWARD, astron
omer, educator, journalist, was born Sept.
10, 1857, in La Salle, 111. Since 1891 he
has been director of the Allegheny ob
servatory and professor of astrophysics
in the Western university of Pennsyl
vania. He is editor of the Astrophysical
Journal. He discovered and measured
the motions of Nebulae while at the Lick
observatory; and while at Allegheny se
cured spectroscopic proof of the meteoric
structure of Saturn's rings.
KEELER, RALPH, journalist, author,
was born in 1840 in Ohio. He was a jour
nalist of California and New York; and
the author of Gloverson and His Silent
Partner; and Vagabond Adventures. He
died Dec. 16, 1873, at sea near Cuba.
KEELER, RICHARD WOOLSEY, col
lege president, was born Feb. 14, 1824, in
Columbia county, N. Y. In 1856 he was
elected the first president of Cornell col
lege of Mt. Vernon, Iowa, serving until
1859.
KEELY, JOHN WORRALL, inventor,
was born Sept. 3, 1837 in Philadelphia, Pa.
He is the inventor of a hydro-pneumatic
pulsating vacuo machine, whose action, it
is claimed, is produced by forces obtained
from water and air. He constructed one
hundred and twenty-four different en
gines, and has eliminated the use of water
entirely in developing the energy that
he claims to control.
35
KEEN, MORRIS LONGSTRETH, in
ventor, was born May 24, 1820, in West
Philadelphia. He gave attention to the
making of paper out of wood, and this led
to the formation in 1863 of the American
Wood-Paper company, with patent rights
for the United States and privileges in
other lands. He died Nov. 2, 1883, in
Highland Grove, Pa.
KEEN, WILLIAM WILLIAMS, educat
or, physician, surgeon, author, was born
Jan. 19, 1837, in Philadelphia. He was an
eminent Philadelphia surgeon, professor
of surgery at Jefferson Medical college
since 1889; and author of Reflex Paraly
sis; Gunshot Wounds; Clinical Chart of
the Human Body; Complications and
Sequels of Continuous Fever; and Early
History of Practical Anatomy.
KEENAN, HENRY FRANCIS, journal
ist, author, was born May 4, 1849, in
Rochester, N. Y. He is a journalist and
novelist formerly of Rochester, N. Y.;
and the author of The Money-Makers, a
Social Problem; Trajan, the History of a
Sentimental Young Man; The Aliens;
One of a Thousand; and The Iron Game.
KEENE, LAURA, actress, was born in
1820 in England. She made her first ap
pearance in 1852 in Wallack's theater of
New York city. The Laura Keene com
pany, with Laura Keene, Joseph Jefferson
and Edward A. Sothern in the leading
roles, was playing Our American Cousin
at Ford's theater of Washington on April
14, 1865, when President Lincoln met his
death. She died Nov. 4, 1873, in Mont-
clair, N. J.
KEEP, JOHN, clergyman, was born
April 20, 1781, in Long Meadow, Mass.
Soon after his election as a trustee of
Oberlin, he gave as president of the board
the casting vote that admitted colored
students. He • was the last surviving
founder of the American board of com
missioners for foreign missions. He died
Feb. 11, 1870, in Oberlin, Ohio.
KEEP, JOSIAH, educator, author, was
born in 1849 in Massachusetts. He is an
educator of California; and the author of
Common Sea Shells of California; and
West Coast Shells.
KEEP, ROBERT PORTER, educator,
author, was born in 1844 in Connecticut.
He is an educator of Norwich, Conn.; and
the author of Stories from Herodotus; Es
sential Uses of the Moods in Greek and
Latin; and Greek Lessons.
KEESE, RICHARD, congressman, was
born Nov. 23, 1794, in Peru, N. Y. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1827 to 1829. He subse
quently settled in Pennsylvania.
KEIFER, JOSEPH WARREN, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, congressman, was born
Jan. 30, 1836, six miles west of Spring
field, Ohio. He at
tended the common
district schools of
his county, and fin
ished his education
at the Antioch col
lege. He served in
the union army with
distinction and was
rapidly promoted
until he became
major-g e n e r a 1 of
United States volun
teers. In 1868-69 he
served as a member of the Ohio state sen
ate; and was delegate at large from Ohio
to the republican national convention.
For four terms during 1877-85 he was a
member of congress; and was speaker of
the forty-seventh congress in 1881-83.
Since 1873 he has been president of the
Sagonda National bank, of Springfield,
Ohio. In 1869-71 he was department com
mander of Ohio Grand Army of the Re
public; and Ohio commander-in-chief in
1872. He has attained success in his pro
fession, and is one of the foremost lawyers
of Ohio.
KEIGHTLEY, EDWIN WILLIAM, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Aug. 7,
1843, in Van Buren, Ind. He was appointed
judge of the fifteenth judicial circuit; and
was elected to the same position in 1875,
for the term of six years. He was elected
a representative from Michigan to the
forty-fifth congress; and in 1879 was ap
pointed third auditor of the United States
treasury.
KEIM, GEORGE MA if, soldier, manufac
turer, congressman, was born March 23,
1805, in Reading, Pa. He took an interest
in military affairs, and became a major-
general of militia. He was a delegate to
the Pennsylvania state constitutional con
vention of 1837; in that year was elected
to congress to fill a vacancy, and was
twice re-elected. He was appointed mar
shal of eastern Pennsylvania, and reap-
pointed by President Polk. He died June
10, 1861.
KEIM, WILLIAM HIGH, soldier, civil
engineer, congressman, was born June 13,
1813, near Reading, Pa. In 1848 he was
elected mayor ot Reading, Pa. ; and in 1859
was elected a representative in congress.
He was also surveyor-general of the state.
He was placed in command of a division
of the volunteer army in 1861; after a
campaign on the Upper Potomac was ap
pointed a brigadier-general in the regular
army; and served with honor in the army
of the Potomac. He died May 18, 1862,
in Harrisburg, Pa.
KEIPER, GEORGE FREDERIC, physi
cian, author, was born March 26, 1866, in
La Fayette, Ind. He is oculist and aurist
to the St. Elizabeth hospital and the St.
Joseph Orphan asylum; and is the author
of numerous essays on eye and ear sub
jects.
KEITH, EDWARD CHARLES, educa
tor, business man, state senator, was born
March 5, 1866, in Fairfield, Maine. He
graduated from the
Coburn Classical in
stitute, of Waterville,
Maine. He has at
tained success as an
educator; is one of
the largest growers
of small fruit in the
state of Washington
at Buckley; and is
also interested in nu
merous mines. In
1896 he was elected a
member of the Wash
ington state senate. For the past ten years
he has taken an active part in schools,
politics, horticulture and mining; and in
the public and business affairs of his city,
county and state.
KEITH, ELIZA D., author, was born in
1854, in San Francisco, Cal. She is the
author of a poem entitled, Our Flag, writ
ten during the war; and has contributed
various poems to different magazines.
KEITH, CHARLES PENROSE, lawyer,
author, was born March 15, 1854, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is the author of The
Provincial Councilors of Pennsylvania;
and The History of Benjamin Harrison.
KEITH, REUEL, clergyman, author,
was born June 26, 1792, in Pittsford, Vt.
For many years he was rector of a pro-
testant episcopal church in Georgetown,
D. C. He was the author of several re
ligious works. He died Sept. 3, 1842, in
Sheldon, Vt.
546
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KEITH, WILLIAM, governor, author,
was born in 1680, in England. For many
years he was surveyor-general of customs
in America; and during 1717-26 was gov
ernor of Pennsylvania. He was the au
thor of The History of the British Plan
tations in America; and other historical
works of value. He died Nov. 17, 1749, in
England.
KEITT, LAWRENCE MASSILLON, sol
dier, congressman, was born Oct. 4, 1824,
in Orangeburg, S. C. He was elected to
the South Carolina state legislature in
1848; in 1853 was elected to a seat in the
national house of representatives, and was
consecutively re-elected until 1860. Just
before leaving congress he was elected to
the seceding convention of South Carolina.
He was killed June 4, 1864, in battle in
Virginia.
KELIHER, JOHN AUSTIN, journalist,
legislator, was born Nov. 6, 1866, in Boston,
Mass. For many years he has been suc
cessfully engaged in journalistic work;
and in 1896-97 served with distinction as
a member of the Massachusetts state leg
islatures.
KELLAM, A. E., public official, was
born July 6, 1849, in Northampton county,
Va. He has filled various public offices
of trust; has been clerk of the county
and circuit courts of Princess Anne coun
ty, Va. ; secretary of the railroad commis
sioners of Virginia; and has always taken
an active part in the public affairs of his
Bounty and state.
KELLAR, ANDREW J., soldier, lawyer,
journalist. In 1860 he was admitted to
the bar by the supreme court of Tennes
see. During the war he was in the con
federate service; and served as captain,
lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of the
fourth regiment of the Tennessee infantry
from April, 1861, to May 1. 1865. He is
now one of the leading lawyers of South
Dakota at Hot Springs; and a well-known
journalist.
KELLAR. EZRA, clergyman, college
president, was born June 12, 1812, in Mid-
dleton Valley, Md. In 1844 he estab
lished Wittenberg college, Springfield,
Ohio, serving as its president till his
death. He died Dec. 29, 1848, in Spring
field, Ohio.
KELLER, ELIZABETH CATHARINE,
educator, physician, was born April 4,
1837, near Gettysburg, Pa. After receiv
ing her education she taught in the State
School for Soldiers' Orphans, in Lancaster,
Pa.; then entered the Woman's Medical
college, of Pennsylvania, in 1868, and
graduated from that institution in 1871.
During 1871-75 she was attending physi
cian and surgeon of the Woman's hospital
in Philadelphia; then resident physician
and surgeon to the New England hospital
for women until 1877; and ever since has
been senior surgeon of that hospital.
Since 1889 she has been a member of the
Boston school board; and is now serving
a third term.
KELLER, JOSEPH EDWARD, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born in 1827,
in Bavaria. He was a Jesuit educator,
president of St. Louis university, and the
author of Life and Acts of Pope Leo XIII.
He died Feb. 4, 1886, in Rome, Italy.
KELLEY, ABBY, reformer, was born
Jan. 15, 1811, in Pelham, Mass. She found
ed the Anti-Slavery Bugle, and did much
toward organizing the Webster Anti-
Slavery society.
KELLEY, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
soldier, was born April 10, 1807, in New
Hampton, N. H. In 1865 he was brevetted
major-general of volunteers. At the close
of the civil war he was appointed collector
of internal revenue for the first district
of West Virginia; in 1876 became superin
tendent of Hot Springs reservation, Ark.;
and after 1883 he was an examiner of
pensions. He died July 17, 1891, in Oak
land, Md.
KELLEY, HALL JACKSON, educator,
author, was born Feb. 28, 1790, in North-
wood, N. H. He was an educator of Bos
ton, who organized the first Sunday-school
in New England; and made an unsuccess
ful attempt to colonize Oregon in 1830.
He was the author of Geographical Des
cription of Oregon; Letters from an Af
flicted Husband; and History of the Set
tlement of Oregon. He died Jan. 17, 1874,
in Palmer, Mass.
KELLEY, HARRISON, soldier, farmer,
state senator, congressman, was born
May 12, 1836, in Millgrove, Ohio. During
1861-65 he served in the fifth Kansas cav
alry volunteers; and attained the rank of
captain. He was subsequently made brig
adier-general of the state troops; which
he commanded during the Indian troubles
succeeding the rebellion. He served one
term in the Kansas state house of repre
sentatives; and one term in the state sen
ate. He was receiver of the United States
land office; and treasurer of the state
board of charities. He was elected to the
fifty-first congress to fill a vacancy. He
died in 1897.
KELLEY, HENRY SMITH, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born Dec. 18, 1832, near
Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1853 he was ad
mitted to the bar;
was elected prose
cuting attorney in
1854 for the district
composed of the
counties of Black-
ford, Delaware and
Grant, Indiana. Af
ter serving two years
he was elected judge
of the court of com
mon pleas in the
same district; and
served four years.
In 1862 he moved to Vermillion, Dakota
territory; was elected auditor of the ter
ritory; but returned to Marion, Ind. He
there edited the Grant County Union,
practiced law, participated in politics as
a republican; and has since filled similar
positions in various cities. In 1872 he
was elected circuit judge; receiving the re
election in 1874 and in 1880. He was a
candidate for congress in 1884; and has
lectured extensively on medical jurispru
dence at the College of Physicians and
Surgeons of St. Joseph, Mo.; and before
other medical bodies. He is the author
of Kelley's Treatise for Justices, Consta
bles and Attorneys, a book of eleven
hundred pages, which has passed through
several editions; Kelley's Probate Guide;
Kelley's Criminal Law and Practice; and
other standard law works.
KELLEY, JAMES DOUGLAS JER-
ROLD, soldier, author, was born in 1856.
He is a lieutenant in the United States
navy; and the author of The Question of
Ships; Our Navy; and A Desperate
Chance, a story.
KELLEY, JAMES F., journalist, state
senator, was born Nov. 20, 1863, near
White Oak Springs, Wis. In 1890 he be
came the editor and owner of The
Day County Herald of Webster, S. D. In
1894 he was elected a member of the South
Dakota state senate; and received the re
election in 1896. He has been president of
the people's party, state league of South
Dakota; and is now the president of the
J. F. Kelley and Company, of Webster,
South Dakota.
KELLEY, JOHN EDWARD, journalist,
legislator, was born March 27, 1853, in
Columbia county, Wis. He received his
education at the public schools of Wiscon
sin, and from private instructors. In 1891
he was elected a member of the South Da
kota legislature; and became a leader of
the independents during that session. In
1892 he was nominated for congress by
the people's party; and made a brilliant
campaign; was renominated for con
gressman at large in 1894; again in 1896,
when he was successful. He is now serv
ing with distinction in the fifty-fifth con
gress. He is a successful journalist of
Flandreau; and an able writer on eco
nomic questions.
KELLEY, JOHN ELMER, lawyer, was
born Nov. 12, 1862, in Birmingham, Iowa.
He was mayor of McCook, Neb., in 1894-
96; and is now state president of the
American Protective association in Ne
braska. He is one of the foremost law
yers of Nebraska; and is prominently
identified with the public affairs of his
county and state.
KELLEY, SAMUEL HARLAN, lawyer,
was born March 27, 1861, in Marion, Ind.
He attended the University of Missouri
and the Columbian Law school; and is now
a successful corporation lawyer of Benton
Harbor, Mich. In 1882-86 he was adjudi
cator of claims, United States treasury,
Washington, D. C.; and in 1886-87 was
chief clerk of the United States land of
fice in Wakeeney, Kan. He is the attorney
of the C. C. C. and St. Louis railway com
pany; and general solicitor for the St.
Joseph Valley railway company.
KELLEY, WILLIAM DARRAGH, law
yer, congressman, author, was born April
12, 1814, in Philadelphia, Pa. He held the
office of judge of the court of common
pleas in Philadelphia for some years. He
was elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-first,
forty-second, forty-third, forty-fourth,
forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, forty-ninth and fiftieth con
gresses as a republican. He was the au
thor of Speeches, Addresses, and Letters
on Political Questions; Letters from Eu
rope; Lincoln and Stanton; and The Old
South and The New. He died Jan. 9,
1890, in Washington, D. C.
KELLOGG, ALBERT, botanist, was born
Dec. 6, 1813, in New Hartford, Conn. The
first accurate description of the big trees
of California was made by him and pub
lished by John C. Fremont in his Re
port of the Exploring Expedition to the
Rocky Mountains in 1842, and to Oregon
and North California in the years 1843-44.
He died March 31, 1887, in Alameda, Cal.
KELLOGG, ALFRED HOSEA, clergy
man, author, was born in 1837, in Penn
sylvania. He is a presbyterian clergyman
of Detroit; and the author of Abraham,
Joseph, and Moses in Egypt, an attempted
solution of the Exodus problem.
KELLOGG. CHARLES, congressman,
was born in Berkshire county. Mass. He
served six years in the New York as
sembly from Cayuga county; and was a
representative in congres* from that
state from 1825 to 1827.
KELLOGG, CLARA LOUISE, vocalist,
was born July 12, 1842, in Sumterville, S.
C. Her first success was as the Marguerite
of Faust, which she sang in Italian opera.
KELLOGG, EDWARD, economist, au
thor, was born Oct. 18, 1790, in Norwalk,
Conn. He was the author of Labor and
Other Capital. He died April 29, 1858, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
547
KELLOGG, EDWARD HENRY, mer
chant, was born Sept. 1, 1828, in Ira, N,
Y. In 1851 he moved to New York city,
took a position as
clerk in a commis
sion house, in which
K^ he subsequently be-
^k came a partner. In
, 0f± ' 1858 he commenced
the manufacture and
.iMkJH sale of lubricators,
using as a basis ani
mal and vegetable
oil. Soon after the
introduction of pe
troleum for illumi
nating purposes, he
saw the possibility of it as a lubricator;
and, after experimenting, succeeded in ob
taining a product which has since been
recognized as a standard for purity and
excellence, both in this country and in
Europe. In 1876 he established a branch
house in Liverpool, which has since be
come the distributing center for all parts
of Europe.
KELLOGG, ELIJAH, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 20, 1813, in Portland,
Maine. He is a congregational clergyman
of Harpswell, Maine, from 1844. He has
written many popular juvenile books, In
cluding Elm Island Series; Forest Glen
Series; Good Old Times Series; Pleasant
Cove Series; and Whispering Pine Series;
but perhaps is best known as the author
of the Address of Spartacus to the
Gladiators.
KELLOGG, FRANCIS W., legislator,
congressman, was born May 30, 1810, in
Washington, Mass. He served in the leg
islature of Michigan in 1856-57; and was
elected a representative from that state
to the thirty-sixth congress; was re-elect
ed to the thirty-seventh and thirty-eighth
congresses. In 1865 he was appointed col
lector of internal revenue for Alabama,
and was elected from that state to the for
tieth congress, as a republican. He died
in November, 1878, in Alliance, Ohio.
KELLOGG, GEORGE, inventor, was
born June 19, 1812, in New Hartford,
Conn. He has testified as an expert in
noted patent cases, and has made many
inventions, including a machine to make
jack-chain at the rate of a yard a minute.
KELLOGG, JOHN HARVEY, physician,
author, was born in 1852, in Michigan.
He is a physician of Battle Creek, Mich.;
editor of Good Health for many years;
and the author of Ladies' Guide in
Health and Disease; Home Handbook of
Hygiene and Rational Medicine; Man the
Masterpiece; and Plain Facts for Old and
Young.
KELLOGG, MARTIN, college president,
was born March 15, 1828, in Vernon, Conn.
In 1893 he was elected president of the
university of California, which position
he still holds.
KELLOGG, ORLANDO, lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 18, 1809, in
Elizabethtown, N. Y. In 1840 he was ap
pointed surrogate of Essex county, which
office he held for four years. In 1846 he
was elected a representative from New
York to the thirtieth congress; and re-
elected to the thirty-eighth and thirty-
ninth congresses. He died Aug. 24, 1865,
in Elizabethtown, N. Y.
KELLOGG, SAMUEL HENRY, mis
sionary, author, was born Sept. 6, 1839, in
Westhampton, N. Y. He is a presbyterian
missionary to India; and the author of
Grammar of the Hindoo Language; The
Jews, or Prediction and Fulfillment; The
Light of Asia and the Light of the World;
From Death to Resurrection; and the
Genesis and Growth of Religion.
KELLOGG, STEPHEN W., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born April 5, 1822,
in Shelburne, Mass. He was judge of the
New Haven county court in 1854; a mem
ber of the Massachusetts state senate in
1853; and of the state house of represen
tatives in 1856. He was elected judge of
probate in 1854; and held the office six
years. He was elected to the forty-first,
forty-second, and forty-third congresses,
as a republican.
KELLOGG, WARREN FRANKLIN,
journalist, author, was born Nov. 24, 1860,
in Bi-ooklyn, N. Y. He is the editor and
owner of the New England Magazine, of
Boston, Mass. He is the author of Recent
French Art; and Hunting in the Jungle.
KELLOGG, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, congressman, was born July 8,
1814, in Ashtabula county, Ohio. He
served in the state legislature in 1849 and
1850; and was three years judge of the
circuit court of Illinois. He was elected a
representative from that state to the
thirty-fifth congress; and was re-elected
to the thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh
congresses. In 1866 he was appointed
chief justice of Nebraska territory.
KELLOGG, WILLIAM PITT, soldier,
jurist, congressman, governor. United
States senator, was born Dec. 8, 1831, in
Orwell, Vt. He was a presidential elector
from Illinois in 1856 and 1860; and a dele
gate to the republican conventions of
those years. Ho was appointed chief jus
tice of Nebraska. For his services in
Southern Missouri and in the Corinth
campaign, he was made a brigadier-gen
eral. He was appointed collector of the
port of New Orleans; and in 1868 was
elected a senator in congress from Louis
iana for the term ending in 1871. He was
subsequently elected governor of Louis
iana. He was again elected to the United
States senate for the term of six years
from 1877; and in 1882 was elected a rep
resentative to the forty-eighth congress
as a republican.
KELLUM, JOHN C., lawyer, was born
Aug. 6, 1867, in Harrison county, Mo. He
graduated from the Missouri State univer
sity; and is now a successful lawyer of
Phoenix, Ariz.; and assistant district at
torney of Maricopa county. He has been
United States court commissioner for
Arizona; and has filled other prominent
public positions of trust.
KELLY, EUGENE, merchant, banker,
was born Nov. 25, 1806, in Ireland. In
1861 Mr. Kelly founded in San Francisco
the banking house
of Donohoe, Ralston
and Co., and in New
York the banking
house of Eugene
Kelly and Co. In
1864 Mr. Ralston re
tired, and.associating
himself with D. O.
Mills, subsequently
became one of the
leading financiers of
the West. The San
Francisco bank then
took the name of Donohoe, Kelly and Co.,
Mr. Donohoe managing partner, and so
continued until 1891, when the partners
incorporated as a joint stock company un
der the title of the Donohoe-Kelly Bank
ing Co. He died Dec. 19, 1894, in Ireland.
KELLY, JAMES, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1805 to 1809.
KELLY, JAMES EDWARD, sculptor,
was born July 30, 1855, in New York city.
In 1883 he was chosen from among many
competitors to make the five bas-reliefs
which surround the base of the Monmouth
battle monument. The subjects selected
were Council of War at Hopewell, Wash
ington Rallying the Troops, Ramsay De
fending His Guns, Molly Pitcher, and
Wayne's Charge.
KELLY, JAMES KERR, soldier, law
yer, United States senator, was born Feb.
16, 1819, in Centre county, Pa. In 1852 he
was elected one of three commissioners to
prepare a code of laws for Oregon ter
ritory; and was a member of the legisla
tive council from 1853 to 1857. He was a
member of the convention which framed
the constitution of Oregon in 1857; and
was a senator in the state legislature from
1860 to 1864. In 1855 he was chosen lieu
tenant-colonel of the first regiment of
Oregon mounted volunteers; and was en
gaged in the Yakima Indian war in 1855
and 1856. He was elected a senator in
congress for the term commencing in 1871
and ending in 1877.
KELLY, JOHN, antiquarian, state leg
islator, was born March 7, 1786, in War
ner, N. H. He was a member of the leg
islature; clerk of the house in 1828; and
state councillor in 1846. He removed to
Exeter in 1831; and for many years edited
the News Letter. He died Nov. 3, 1860,
in Exeter, N. H.
KELLY, JOHN, public official, congress
man, was born April 21, 1821, in New
York. He was elected a representative in
the thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth con
gresses. He died June 1, 1886, in New
York city.
KELLY, JONATHAN FALCON-
BRIDGE, author, was born in 1818, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was the author of
Memoirs of Falconbridge, a collection of
humorous scenes.
KELLY, MICHAEL JOSEPH, jurist,
banker, state senator, was born March 22,
1850, in Ireland. He was a senator of the
Iowa state legislature for eight years; and
president of the senate for two years. He
was a member of the farmers' congress for
three sessions; and president of the
Williamsburgh Savings bank for the past
thirteen years.
KELLY, MILTON, lawyer, jurist, was
born in New York. He was appointed an
associate justice of the United States
court for the territory of Idaho.
KELLY, PATRICK, college president,
bishop, was born in Ireland. He was
president of Birchfield college; and was
the first Roman catholic archbishop of
the diocese of Richmond. He died Oct.
8, 1829, in Ireland.
KELLY, ROBERT, philanthropist, was
born Dec. 10, 1808, in New York city. He
was the founder of the Free academy, now
College of the city of New York; president
of the board of education; a regent of the
state university; and a founder and presi
dent of the board of trustees of Rochester
university. He died April 27, 1856.
KELLY, ROBERT MORROW, lawyer,
journalist, was born Sept. 22, 1836, in
Paris, Ky. In his youth he was engaged
in educational work; and was city at
torney of Cynthiana, Ky. During the war
he was captain, major, lieutenant-colonel,
and colonel in the fourth regiment Ken
tucky infantry United States volunteers.
He subsequently served as collector of in
ternal revenue for the seventh district of
Kentucky; was United States pension
agent for Kentucky; and editor-in-chief
of the Louisville Daily Commercial.
KELLY, WILLIAM, congressman,
United States senator, was born about
1770, in Tennessee. He was a representa
tive in congress from Louisiana during the
years 1821 and 1822; and a senator in
congress from 1822 to 1825. He died abdut
1832, in New Orleans, La.
548
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KELLY, WILLIAM, philanthropist,
state senator, was born Feb. 4, 1807, in
New York city. He was president of the
state agricultural society in 1854; one of
the founders of the state agricultural col
lege at Ovid, N. Y.; and president of its
board of trustees. He was a state senator
in 1855-56; and the unsuccessful demo
cratic candidate for governor of New
York in 1860. He died Jan. 14, 1872, in
Torquay, England.
KELLY, WILLIAM, inventor, was born
Aug. 22, 1811, in Pittsburg, Pa. At the
age of eighteen he built a propelling
water-wheel, and four years later a re
volving steam engine. He died Feb. 11,
1888, in Louisville, Ky.
KELLY, WILLIAM D., merchant, state
legislator, was born Nov. 26, 1865, in
Ferrysburg, Mich. For many years he
was successfully engaged in the wholesale
lumber business in Muskegon, Mich.; and
for a number of years past has given
his attention to the real estate and in
surance business. In 1892 he was one of
the organizers of the chamber of com
merce, of which he is secretary. In 1895
he was elected a member of the Michigan
state legislature; and received re-election
to that office in 1897.
KELSEY, CHARLES BOYD, physician,
surgeon, author, was born Nov. 1, 1850, in
Farmington, Conn. In 1888-89 he was ap
pointed professor of diseases of the rect
um in the university of Vermont. He is
the author of Annual of the Universal
Medical Sciences; and Encyclopedic Med
ical Directory.
KELSEY, WILLIAM D., lawyer, was
born Jan. 1, 1847, in LeClaire, Iowa. For
five years he was postmaster under Presi
dent Grant; has served as clerk of the dis
trict court; was district attorney; and is
now one of the foremost lawyers of Colo
rado, with a large practice in Holyoke.
KELSEY, WILLIAM H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 2, 1812, in
Smyrna, N. Y. He was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the thirty-
fourth and thirty-fifth congresses; and re-
elected to the fortieth and forty-first con
gresses.
KELSO, CHARLES D., lawyer, was
born Sept. 20, 1863, in New Albany, Ind.
He attended the Louisville Law school;
was admitted to the bar; for four years
was city attorney of his native town;
and for two years county attorney
of Floyd county, Ind. He is a member of
the law firm of Kelso and Kelso, of New
Albany.
KELSO, JAMES V., soldier, lawyer,
was born April 16, 1835, in Madison, Ind.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the common and high schools of
his native county; attended the New Al
bany university, and the Asbury univer
sity. He served three years as a union
soldier during the civil war, and partici
pated in the battles of Stone River, Chick-
amauga, and Missionary Ridge. For eight
years he was city attorney of New Albany,
Ind.; for ten years was county attorney of
Floyd county; and for three years was
trustee of the New Albany city schools.
KELSO, JOHN R., soldier, congress
man, was born March 21, 1831, in Franklin
county, Ohio. He served through the war
for the union as a lieutenant and captain;
and in 1864 was elected a representative
from Missouri to the thirty-ninth con
gress.
KELSO, THOMAS, philanthropist, was
born in 1784, in Ireland. He founded the
Kelso orphan home, for the orphans of
members of the methodist church, at a
cost of $120,000; and gave liberally to
churches in Baltimore and Washington.
He died July 26, 1878, in Baltimore, Md.
KELTON, JOHN CUNNINGHAM, sol
dier, author, was born June 24, 1828, in
Delaware county, Pa. He is a brigadier-
general in the United States army; and
the author of New Manual of the Bayo
net; Fencing with Foils; Pigeons as Cour
iers; and Information for Riflemen.
KEM, OMER MADISON, congressman,
was born Nov. 13, 1855, in Wayne county,
Ind. In 1890 he removed to Broken Bow,
Neb., to fill an appointment as deputy
treasurer of Custer county. He was elect
ed to the fifty-second and fifty-third con
gresses; and re-elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a populist.
KEMBLE, FRANCES ANNE, actress,
author, was born in 1809. She is better
known as Fanny Kemble. She wrote sev
eral plays; a story of her life on a Geor
gia plantation; and numerous poems,
which were published in Boston.
KEMBLE, GOUVERNEUR, manufact
urer, congressman, was born Jan. 25, 1786,
in New York city. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1837 to 1841. He
died Sept. 16, 1875, in Cold Spring, N. Y.
KEMEYS, EDWARD, sculptor, was
born Jan. 31, 1843, in Savannah, Ga. He
has made a specialty of the wild animals
of the American continent. His Fight
Between Buffalo and Wolves has attract
ed much attention.
KEMP, ELLWOOD L., educator, lect
urer, poet, was born Jan. 31, 1857, in Ham
burg, Pa. He has been president of the
Palatinate college of Myerstown, Pa.; and
is now connected with the state normal
school of East Stroudsburg, Pa. He is the
author of a volume of poems entitled, An
Idyl of the War, and Other Poems.
KEMP, HENRY E., merchant, legisla
tor, was born Nov. 30, 1860, in Bristol,
Wis. He is a successful hardware mer
chant of Phoenix, Arizona; and a heavy
stockholder in various other business en
terprises. He served with distinction as
a member of the eighteenth legislative
council of the Arizona territorial legisla
ture, from Maricopa county. He was the
first president of the Phoenix chamber of
commerce; and has taken a prominent
part in the business and public affairs of
Arizona.
KEMP, MRS. ISABEL F., poet, was
born Aug. 13, 1849, in Eaglefield, Ind. She
has attained success as a vocalist and a
teacher of music; and is also the author
of a number of meritorious poems.
KEMP, JAMES, bishop, author, was
born in 1764, in Scotland. Having been
elected by the convention of Maryland, he
was consecrated, in 1814, suffragan bishop;
and in 1816 he succeeded to the bishopric.
He published, in addition to several oc
casional discourses, A Tract on Con
version; Letters in Vindication of Epis
copacy; A Sermon on Deathbed Repent
ance; and A Sermon on the Death of Bish
op Claggett. He died Oct. 28, 1827, in
Baltimore, Md.
KEMPER, GENERAL WILLIAM HAR
RISON, physician, surgeon, was born Dec.
16, 1839, in Rush county, Ind. In 1865 he
graduated from the Long Island college
with the degree of M. D. He has attained
success in his profession at Muncie, Ind.;
has been coroner of Delaware county; ex
amining surgeon for pensions; and In
1886 was elected president of the Indiana
State Medical society. He served through
the war, first as a private in the seventh
regiment, and became assistant surgeon
of the seventeenth regiment Indiana vol
unteer infantry. He has contributed more
than fifty articles to medical societies
and journals; and is a member of the
leading medical bodies of America.
KEMPER, JAMES LAWSON, soldier,
legislator, governor, was born June 11,
1823, in Madison county, Va. He served
through the war with Mexico as a captain;
and served ten years in the legislature of
his native state. He served as a colonel,
and became a major-general in the con
federate army during the rebellion. In
1874 he was elected governor of Virginia.
KEMPSHALL, THOMAS, congressman,
was bora in England. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New York
state from 1839 to 1841; and was one
of the pioneers of Rochester, where he
died Jan. 14, 1865.
KEMPSTER, WALTER, soldier, phy
sician, author, was born May 25, 1842,
in London, England. Entering the na
tional army as a private, he served
throughout the civil war, and in 1865 be
came acting assistant surgeon. Since 1873
he has been superintendent of the North
ern Wisconsin hospital for the insane, at
Oshkosh, Wis.
KENAN, THOMAS, state senator, con
gressman, was born in 1771 in Duplin
county, N. C. In 1799 he was a member
of the house of delegates; served in the
state senate in 1804; and was a represen
tative in congress from North Carolina
from 1805 to 1811. He subsequently moved
to Alabama, where he served for many
years in the legislature of that state, but
declined a re-election to congress. He
died Oct. 22, 1843, near Selma, Ala.
KENDALL, ADELBERT A., lawyer,
jurist, was born March 3, 1851, in Janes-
ville, Wis. In 1886 he was admitted to the
bar; in 1893 was appointed judge of the
eleventh judicial district of Nebraska;
was elected to fill the vacancy in 1894;
and re-elected to the same position in
1895. He has acquired a good reputation
as an able lawyer of St. Paul, Neb.
KENDALL, AMOS, author, journalist,
was born Aug. 16, 1789, in Dunstable,
Mass. In 1829 he was appointed fourth
auditor of the treasury of Kentucky; and
in 1835 was promoted to the position of
postmaster-general. He subsequently took
up his residence in Washington City. He
was the founder of the Deaf and Dumb In
stitution in Washington. He wrote a
History of His Life and Times; and a
Life of Andrew Jackson. He died Nov. 11,
1869, in Washington, D. C.
KENDALL, CHARLES WEST, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born April
22, 1828, in Searsmont, Maine. He was
educated at Phillips'
academy, Massachu
setts, and attended a
partial course at
Yale college, studied
law in Sacramento,
Cal., and practiced in
Nevada. He was a
member of the legis
lature of California
in 1861 and 1862; and
was elected to the
forty - second and
fort y-t bird con
gresses from Nevada. He is a successful
orator; and served on several important
committees while in congress.
KENDALL, EDWARD HALE, architect,
was born July 31, 1842, in Boston, Mass.
He was associated in designing the or
iginal Equitable building; and was the
architect of the German Savings bank on
Fourth Avenue; the Washington building
on lower Broadway; and the residences
of Robert and Ogden Goelet on Fifth
avenue, New York city.
HKRR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
549
KENDALL, EZRA OTIS, educator, au
thor, was born May 17, 1818, in Wilming
ton, Mass. In 1855 he was elected to the
chair of mathematics in the university of
Pennsylvania; and in 1883 was chosen to
fill the office of vice-provost. He is the
author of a work entitled Uranography.
KENDALL, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS,
soldier, was born Aug. 28, 1838, in Con
cord, N. H. He received his education in
the public schools of Concord; Meriden
college, New Hampshire; attended Dart
mouth college in 1856-57; and Bow-
doin college in 1858-60. In 1861 he en
listed in company B, eleventh regiment
Indiana volunteer infantry, and during
several transfers was rapidly advanced un
til he became captain. In 1866 he entered
the regular service, was on frontier service
in Texas until 1874, when he was in re
cruiting service at Cleveland. He was
professor of military science and tactics
at the Brooks' Military academy until 1879,
when he returned to Texas for duty, until
retired from active service in 1884. In
1889 he was elected president of the Cleve
land Life Underwriters' association, and
was re-elected in 1890 and in 1893. In
1896 he was elected junior vice-command
er of the Ohio eommandery of the Mili
tary Order of the Loyal Legion; and his
wife is also regent of the Cleveland chap
ter of the Daughters of the American
Revolution.
KENDALL, GEORGE WILKINS, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1810 in Ver
mont. He is a journalist of New Orleans;
and the author of The War between the
United States and Mexico; and The Texan
Santa Fe Expedition.
KENDALL, JONAS, legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1757 in Worcester,
Mass. He served thirteen years in the
legislature of Massachusetts; and was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1819 to 1821. He died Oct. 22, 1844,
in Leominster, Mass.
KENDALL. JOSEPH G., congressman,
was born in 1788. He was a representa
tive in congress from Massachusetts from
1829 to 1833. He died Oct. 2, 1847, in Wor
cester, Mass.
KENDALL, JOSEPH M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 12, 1863, in West
Liberty, Ky. He was elected to the fifty-
second congress to
fill the vacancy
caused by the death
of his father. He
declined a re-elec
tion; but was elect
ed to the fifty-fourth
congress as a demo
crat. He is a suc
cessful lawyer of
Prestonburg, K y.,
and has taken an ac
tive part in the pub
lic affairs of his city,
His father was the
Hon. John W. Kendall, a noted confeder
ate cavalry officer, jurist and statesman.
KENDALL, JOSEPH WILKINS, jour
nalist, was born Aug. 22, 1809, in Mount
Vernon, N. H. He attained high rank as
a journalist, and was prominent in the
public affairs of his native state.
KENDALL, MILTON T., poet. He is a
successful writer of Washington, Pa.
KENDRICK, ASAHEL CLARK, educat
or, author, was born Dec. 7, 1809, in Poult-
ney, Vt. He was a noted Greek scholar
who was professor of Greek at Rochester
tiniversity since 1850; and the author of
Echoes: metrical translations from the
Greek and German; The Moral Conflict
of Humanity and Other Papers: Life of
Mrs. Emily Jurtson; A Child's Book of
county and state.
Greek; and Introduction to the Greek
Language. He was one of the reviser's
of the New Testament, published inde
pendent commentaries and translations,
and edited Our Poetical Favorites.
KENDRICK, C., physician, surgeon, leg
islator, was born May 24, 1852, in Hardin
county, Tenn. He served two terms in
the Mississippi house of representatives;
and is now serving his third term in the
state senate.
KENDRICK, NATHANIEL, educator,
clergyman, was born April 22, 1777, in
Hanover, N. H. He was a successful cler
gyman; and professor of theology and
moral philosophy in the Madison univer
sity of Hamilton from 1822 until his death.
He died Sept. 11, 1848.
KENLY, JOHN REESE, soldier, author,
was born in 1822 in Baltimore, Md. He
was a captain and major of volunteers in
the Mexican war, and brigadier-general in
the federal army in the civil war. He was
the author of Memoirs of a Maryland
Volunteer in the Mexican War.
KENNA, JOHN EDWARD, soldier, law
yer, congressman, United States senator,
was born April 10, 1848, in Valcoulon,
__^_____ W. Va. He served in
the confederate army
during the war of
the rebellion. He was
prosecuting attorney
. -. p from 1872 to 1877;
and was elected a
representative from
West Virginia to the
forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, forty-seventh,
and fort y-eighth
congresses. He re-
' signed in 1883 to take
his seat as a senator of the United States
from West Virginia for the term of six
years from 1883; and was re-elected for
the term ending in 1895. He died Jan 11
1893.
KENNAN, GEORGE, traveler, author,
was born Feb. 16, 1845, in Norwalk, Ohio.
He is a noted traveler who made a care
ful investigation of the Russian exile sys
tem for The Century Magazine, and drew
world-wide attention to the subject. He
is the author of Tent Life in Siberia; and
Siberia and the Exile System.
KENNEDY, ANDREW, state senator,
congressman, was born in 1810 in Ohio.
He was a member of the state senate of
Indiana; and represented that state in
congress, 1841 to 1847. He died Dec 31
1847, in Muncie. Ind.
KENNEDY, ANTHONY, manufacturer,
United States senator, was born in 1811 in
Baltimore, Md. He was a member of the
legislature of Virginia from 1839 to 18"43.
He moved to Baltimore in 1850; and was
elected to the Maryland legislature in
1856. He was elected to the United States
senate for six years from 1857. He died
July 31, 1892, in Annapolis, Md.
KENNEDY, CRAMMOND, lawyer, au
thor, was born Dec. 20, 1842, in Scotland.
He is a lawyer of Washington; and the
author of James Stanly, a Sunday-School
tale; The Liberty of the Press; Corn in
the Blade, a book of verse; and Close
Communion or Open Communion.
KENNEDY, JAMES K., lawyer, jurist.
He was an associate justice of the United
States court for the territory of Wash
ington.
KENNEDY, JOHN PENDLETON, law
yer, statesman, author, was born in Oc
tober, 1795, in Baltimore, Md. He was a
member of the house of delegates of
Maryland in 1820, 1822, and 1846; and was
speaker in the latter year. In 1838 he
was elected to the house of representatives
in the federal legislature, and served in
that body through the twenty-fifth, twen
ty-seventh, and twenty-eighth congresses.
In 1849 he was chosen by the regents of
the university of Maryland to preside over
that institution as provost. His princi
pal works are: Annals of Quodlibet; At
Home and Abroad; Swallow Barn; Horse-
Shoe Robinson; Rob of the Bowl; and
Life of William Wirt. He died Aug. 18,
1870, in Newport, R. I.
KENNEDY, JOSEPH CAMP GRIF
FITH, statistician, was born April 1, 1813,
in Meadville, Pa. He was corresponding
secretary of the National institute, and
of the United States Agricultural society,
and editor of the journal of the latter.
He was a member of the statistical board
of Belgium; of the Geographical society
of Prussia; of the statistical societies of
France, England, and Ireland, and of
other European and American associa
tions. He died July 13, 1887, in Washing
ton, D. C.
KENNEDY, JOSIAH FORREST, phy
sician, educator, surgeon, was born Jan.
31, 1834, in Landisburg, Pa. He was pro
fessor of obstetrics in the Iowa State uni
versity and the Iowa College of Physicians
and Surgeons. He was a delegate to the
International Congress of Hygiene held
in London in 1891; and is at present sec
retary to the Iowa state board of health.
KENNEDY, NATHAN B., physician,
poet, was born Dec. 24, 1837, in Sumpter
county, Ala. In 1860 he graduated from
the medical depart
ment of Tulane uni
versity, and the fol
lowing year entered
the confederate army
as assistant surgeon,
serving in that ca
pacity until the close
of the war. For
thirty-four years he
was actively engaged
in the practice of his
profession, but has
now retired and lives
in Hillsboro, Texas. He has contributed
extensively to the periodical press, and his
poems have been given a place in Poets of
America and other standard works.
KENNEDY, ROBERT PATTERSON,
soldier, lawyer, lieutenant-governor, con
gressman, was born Jan. 23, 1840, in Belle-
fontaine, Ohio. He served in the civil war
and attained the rank of brevet brigadier-
general. He was appointed collector of
internal revenue in Ohio in 1878, and con
tinued in that office till the consolidation
of the Ohio districts in 1883. He was
elected lieutenant-governor in 1885; was
elected to the fiftieth congress, and was
re-elected to the fifty-first congress as a
republican.
KENNEDY, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1803 to 1805, from
1809 to 1811, and from 1813 to 1815.
KENNEDY, WILLIAM RIDDELL, law
yer, jurist, was born March 27, 1844, in
Springfield, Pa. He received the rudi
ments of his education at the common
schools; attended the Normal academy
of West Chester, Pa.; and one term in the
law department of the Douglass university
of Chicago. In 1876 he was a member of
the constitutional convention of Colorado;
has been county attorney of Hinsdale
county; city attorney of Leadville; judge
of probate of Gilpin county, Colo.; and
secretary of the state senate of the ninth
general assembly of Colorado. He is one
of the leading lawyers of the west, and
has a large practice in Leadville, where he
takes a prominent part in the public af
fairs of Colorado.
.-,.-,11
HERRINUSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KENNEDY, WILLIAM SLOANE, cler
gyman, author, was born June 3, 1822, in
Muncy, Pa. He was a congregational
clergyman of Ohio; and the author of
Messianic Prophecies; Life of Christ;
History of the Plan of Union; and Sacred
Analysis. He died in 1861.
KENNEDY, WILLIAM SLOANE, au
thor, was born in 1850 in Ohio. He is
a writer of Belmont, Mass., and the au
thor of Lives of Longfellow, Holmes, and
Whittier; Wonders and Curiosities of
the Railway, Poems of the Weird and
Mystical; Reminiscences of Walt Whit
man; Art of Life, a Ruskin Anthology;
Whittier, the Poet of Freedom; In Por
tia's Gardens; and Bibliography and Lit
erary History of Leaves of Grass.
KENNER, DUNCAN F., planter, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1813
in New Orleans. He served for several
terms in the Louisiana legislature; and
was a member of the confederate con
gress. He owned one of the largest stock-
farms in the United States. He died July
3, 1887, in New Orleans.
KENNETT, A. CROSBY, manufacturer,
legislator, state senator, was born July
27, 1859, in Madison, N. H. He is a suc
cessful spool manufacturer of Conway,
N. H.; has been a representative in the
New Hampshire state legislature; and is
now a member of the state senate.
KENNETT, LUTHER M., merchant,
railroad president, congressman, was born
March 15, 1807, in Falmouth, Ky. In 1850
he was elected mayor of St. Louis, and re-
elected in 1851 and 1852. In 1853 he was
elected president of the St. Louis and Iron
Mountain railroad; and was a representa
tive in congress from Missouri from 1855
to 1857.
KENNEY. RICHARD R., lawyer,
United States senator, was born Sept. 9,
1856, in Sussex county, Del. He was
elected state librari
an in 1879, and held
that office for two
terms. He was ap
pointed adjutant-
general of Delaware
in 1887, and retired
from that office at
the end of his term
in 1891. He was del-
egate to the national
democratic conven-
tion at Chicago in
1892; was made a
member of the democratic national com
mittee in 1896, which position he still
holds. He was elected to the United
States senate as a democrat in 1897, to
fill a vacancy.
KENNON, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He moved to
Ohio; and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1829 to
1833, from 1833 to 1837, and from 1847 to
1849.
KENRICK. FRANCIS PATRICK, arch
bishop, author, was born Dec. 3, 1797, in
Ireland. He was the Roman catholic
archbishop of Baltimore in 1851-63; and
the author of Theologia Dogmatica; The-
ologia Moralis; The Primacy of the Apos
tolic See Vindicated; Vindication of the
Catholic Church; and End of Religious
Controversy Controverted. He also pub
lished a translation of the Scriptures with
commentary. He died July 6, 1863, in
Baltimore, Md.
KENRICK, PETER RICHARD, arch
bishop, author, was born Aug. 17, 1806, in
Ireland. He was the first Roman catholic
archbishop of St. Louis. In the Ecumen
ical council of 1870 he actively opposed the
dogma of papal infallibility; and the au
thor of The Holy House of Lorretto; Ang
lican Ordinations; and Concia in Concilio
Vaticana. He died in 1896.
KENT, ARATUS, clergyman, was born
Jan. 15, 1794, in Suffield, Conn. He or
ganized the first presbyterian church in
Galena, 111., in 1831, and was its pastor
till 1848, when he became agent for the
Home Missionary society in northern Il
linois, serving till 1868. He was one of
the founders of Beloit college and of Rock-
ford Female seminary. He died Nov. 8,
1869, in Galena, 111.
KENT, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, governor, was born Jan. 8, 1802,
in Concord, N. H. In 1827 he was appointed
chief justice of the court of sessions for
Penobscot county; and from 1829 to 1833
was a member of the Maine legislature.
He was governor of Maine from 1838 to
1840; and in 1843 was appointed by the
legislature one of the commissioners for
settling the Maine boundary line under
the Ashburton treaty. In 1859 he was ap
pointed associate judge of the supreme
court of Maine. He died May 19, 1877, in
Bangor, Maine.
KENT, HENRY BRAINARD, author,
was born Oct. 21, 1855, in Hopkinton, N. Y.
He was the author of A Graphic Sketch
of the West. He died June 25, 1890, at
Canon City, Colo., while traveling in the
west.
KENT, HENRY OAKES, soldier, law
yer, manufacturer, banker, legislator, was
born Feb. 7, 1834, in Lancaster, N. H. He
received his educa
tion at the Lancast
er academy; and in
1854 graduated from
the Norwich univer
sity; and has had
the degrees of B. S.,
A. M., LL. D: con
ferred upon him. In
1862 he was assist
ant adjutant-general
of New Hampshire,
and during the civil
war he served with
merit as colonel in the seventeenth regi
ment New Hampshire volunteers. He was
naval officer for the port of Boston; dele
gate to three national conventions; has
been state representative, senator, presi
dential elector, 'nominee for congress thres
times, and twice for governor. He is a
successful attorney, and president of
banks and the Lancaster Trust com
pany; has owned and controlled paper
mills and starch mills; and been director
in various banks and insurance com
panies. He is a thirty-three degree ma
son; has been post commander of the
Grand Army of the Republic; and for
twelve years was engaged in journalism
as editor. Also as a writer and speaker
on economic, fraternal and masonic top
ics he is well known.
KENT, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born July 31, 1763, in Putnam county,
N. Y. He was a jurist of eminence, who
was chancellor of
New York in 1814-23,
and professor of law
at Columbia college
in 1793-98, and again
on retiring from the
chancellorship of the
state. His famous
Commentaries o n
American Law, a
work of the highest
authority, reached a
thirteenth edition in
1884, that of Holmes
and Barnes. He published also a treatise
On the Charter of New York City. He
died Dec. 12, 1847. in New York city.
I .-;
KENT, JAMES V., lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born May 29, 1847, in Clinton
county, Ind. In early days he taught
school; then studied law; and in 1870-
73 was elected prosecuting attorney. Dur
ing 1876-80 he was a member of the state
senate of the Indiana legislature. Since
1896 he has been judge of the forty-fifth
judicial circuit for the term ending in
1902.
KENT, JOSEPH, congressman, govern
or, United States senator, was born Jan.
14, 1779, in Calvert county, Md. He was
a representative in congress from his na
tive state from 1811 to 1815, and from 1821
to 1826; governor of Maryland from 1826-
to 1829; and United States senator from
1833 to 1837. He died Nov. 24, 1837, near
Bladensburg, Md.
KENT, MARVIN, merchant, manufac
turer, banker, railroad president, legis
lator, was born Sept. 21, 1816, in Raven-
n;i. oiiin. iir waa
educated chiefly at
Tallmadge and Clari-
don academies, and
received a thorough
business training in
the store of his fath
er, Zenas Kent, a
foremost merchant of
northern Ohio. He
subsequently entered
co-partnership with
his father. Upon the
death of his father
in 1865 he became president of the Kent's
National bank, which position he still
fills. In 1875 he was elected state senator,
and declined a renomination. The town
of Franklin Mills was changed to Kent
in honor of its chief promoter.
KENT, MOSS, congressman, was born
in Rensselaer county, N. Y. He was a
member of the New York assembly in 1807
and 1810 from Jefferson county; and was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1813 to 1817.
KENT, WILLIAM, educator, lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1802. He was for
many years a successful lawyer in New
York city, and a judge of the circuit court.
For a short time he was a professor in
Harvard university. He died Jan. 4. 1861,
in Fishkill, N. Y.
KEN TON, SIMON, pioneer, soldier, was
born April 13, 1755, in Fauquier county,
Va. He commanded a battalion of Ken
tucky volunteers as major in 1793-94. be
came brigadier-general of Ohio militia in
1805, and fought at the battle of the
Thames in 1813. He died April 29. 1836.
in Logan county, Ohio.
KENYON, JAMES BENJAMIN, clergy
man, author, poet, was born April 26, 1858.
in Frankfort, N. Y. He is a methodist cler
gyman of Syracuse who has written much
verse of a pleasing if not very striking
kind. He is the author of Out of the
Shadows; The Fallen, and Other Poems;
Songs in All Seasons; In Realms of Gold;
At the Gate of Dreams; and An Oaten
Pipe.
KENYON, WILLIAM ASBURY, poet,
was born Aug. 22, 1817, in Hingham, Mass.
His poems were suggested by prairie
scenes, and satirize backwoods customs
with more truth than poetry. These were
included in Miscellaneous Poems, to which
are added Writings in Prose on Various
Subjects. He died Jan. 25, 1862, in Hing
ham, Mass.
KENYON, WILLIAM COLGROVE, col
lege president, was born Oct. 23, 1812, in
Richmond, R. I. He was the founder and
first president of Alfred university, which
office he held for ten years. He died June
7, 1867, in England.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN
BIOGRAPH f.
KENYON, WILLIAM S., congressman.
He was elected a representative from New
York to the thirty-sixth congress.
KEOGH, EDWARD, business man, state
senator, was born Jan. 22, 1835, in Ireland.
In 1860 he was elected a member of the
Wisconsin legislature, and in 1863 was
elected state senator.
KEPHART, EZEKIEL VORING, clergy
man, bishop, state senator, was born Nov.
6, 1834, in Decatur, Pa. He has been pres
ident of the Western college; and has
served as a state senator in the Iowa leg
islature. In 1881 he was elected bishop of
the church of the United Brethren in
Christ, with headquarters in Baltimore,
Md.
KEPPLE. GEORGE E., journalist, was
born April 15, 1863, in Butler county, Pa.
He received his education in the State
Lick academy, and the Curry university
of Pittsburg. He is the editor of The
American of Pittsburg, Pa.; where he is
a prominent member of several secret,
patriotic, and fraternal orders-:.
KER, DAVID, lawyer, jurist. He was
an early emigrant to the territory of Mis
sissippi; and in 1802 was appointed a
judge of the United States court for that
territory.
KER, DAVID, journalist, 'author, was
born in England. He is a journalist of
New York city; and the author of The
Broken Image, and Other Tales; On the
Road to Khiva; The Wild Horseman of
the Pampas; The Boy Slave in Bokhara;
From the Hudson to the Neva; Lost
Among White Africans; Into Unknown
Seas; The Lost City, or the Boy Explorers
in Central Asia; and The Wizard King.
KERPOOT, JOHN BARRETT, college
president, protestant episcopal bishop
was born March 1, 1816, in Ireland. Prom
1842 to 1864 he was president of St. James
college, Maryland, and was also president
01 Trinity college from iS64 to 1867 He
was first protestant episcopal bishop of
Pittsburg and seventy-eighth in succes
sion in the American episcopate. He died
July 10, 1881, in Meyersdale, Pa.
KERLEREC, LOUIS BILLOUART DE
governor, was born in 1704 in France
For twenty-five years he was in the
French navy; and during 1753-63 was gov
ernor of Louisiana.
KERLIN, ISAAC NEWTON, physician
author, was born May 27, 1834, in Burling
ton, N. J. He served in the civil war as
a physician and surgeon; and is the au
thor of The Mind Unveiled; and Manual
of Elwyn.
KERN, ALBERT J. W., philologist, au
thor, poet, was born Feb. 1, 1857, in Ger
many. For many years he has been pro
fessor of modern languages at Harvard
school of New York city. He is the au
thor of many articles on subjects of com
parative philology, literature and art-
s a fertile contributor to German, En
glish and French periodicals; and the
author and editor of several school books.
He is also the author of several meritori
ous poems in German and in English.
KERN, JOHN WORTH, lawyer legis
lator, was born Dec. 20, 1849, in Howard
county, Ind. In 1869 he graduated from
the university of Michigan; and has since
attained prominence as an able lawyer of
Indianapolis. Ind. During 1885-89 he was
reporter of the supreme court of Indiana-
served with distinction as state senator
during 1892-96; and in 1897 was elected
city attorney for the city of Indianapolis
Ind.
551
KERNAN, FRANCIS, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, United States sen
ator was born Jan. 14, 1816, in Tyrone,
N. Y. He served in the state legislature;
and was elected a representative from
New York to the thirty-eighth congress
He was elected to the United States sen
ate for the term commencing in 1875.
KERNEY, MARTIN JOSEPH, educator,
journalist, lawyer, author, was born in
1819 in Lewiston, Md. In 1852 he was a
member of the Maryland state legislature
For four years he edited the Metropolitan
magazine in Baltimore; and was the au
thor of a Compendium of History; and
various other school books. He died
March 16, 1861, in Baltimore, Md.
KERNODLE, JOHN DAVID, lawyer,
journalist, was born Nov. 3, 1856, in Guil-
ford county, N. C. In 1877 he graduated
from Trinity college, N. C., after taking
a full literary, language and mathematical
course. In 1880 he was admitted to the bar
by the supreme court of North Carolina:
and since that time has also been the ed
itor of The Alamance Gleaner of Graham,
N. C. He has been a member of the town
council, and served with distinction as
mayor of Graham.
KERR, ALVAH MILTON, author, poet,
was born in 1855 in Mount Vernon, Ohio.
He is the author of Trean; An Honest
Lawyer, and other works.
KERR, DANIEL, soldier, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born June 18,
1836, in Scotland. He entered the ser
vice as a private in 1862; and was pro
moted first lieutenant In 1864. He was
elected to the legislature of Illinois in
1868. He removed to Iowa in 1870; and
was elected to the legislature of Iowa in
1883. He was elected to the fiftieth and
fifty-first congresses as a republican.
KERR, HALBERT S., civil engineer,
railroad manager, was born Jan. 3, 1865.
in St. Michaels. Md. During 1884-85 he
was engineer in charge of construction of
the San Pete Valley railway; and since
1888 its general superintendent.
KERR, J. A., lawyer, jurist, poet. In
1878 he opened a law office in Tippecanoe
City, Ohio; and in 1889 was elected judge
of the common pleas of the county. He
is also the author of a number of poems.
KERR, JAMES, lawyer, manufacturer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 2,
1851, in Mifflin county, Pa. Since 1867 he
has lived in Clearneld; was elected a
justice of the peace in 1878; was elected
prothonotary for his county in 1880; and
was re-elected in 1883. In 1888 he was
elected a member of the fifty-first con
gress. He was a clerk of the national
house of representatives for the fifty-
second and fifty-third congresses. He is
now chiefly engaged in the mining and
shipping of bituminous coal, and the con
struction of railroads.
KERR, JAMES HORNER, educator
clergyman, was born April 3, 1847, in Tur-
botville, Pa. He received his education
in the Lafayette college and the Western
Theological seminary. For many years
he was engaged in educational work, and
was teacher in the Brainerd institute of
Cranberry, N. J. In 1871 he began preach
ing; in 1873 was ordained; and has filled
pastorates in the presbyterian church at
McConnellsburg, Rural Valley and Centre
Hall, Pa.; and has been missionary in
Park River, and in Sheldon, N. D.; and
is now serving his church in Casey, Iowa.
KERR, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1813 to 1817.
KERR, JOHN, lawyer, congressman
was born in North Carolina. He was a
representative in congress from his native
state from 1853 to 1855; and was subse
quently elected to the house of commons
of that state.
KERR, JOHN BOZMAN, lawyer con
gressman, was born March 5, 1809, in
Easton, Md. He was a member of 'the
general assembly of Maryland from 1836
to1 .1838; and from 1847 to 1849 acted as
deputy for the attorney-general of Mary
land for Talbot county. From 1849 to
1851 he was a representative in congress
He died Jan. 27, 1878, in Washington, D. C.
KERR. JOHN FRANCIS, lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born April 30, 1857
in Scranton, Pa. He served two terms in
the New Jersey state legislature; and for
five years was judge of the district court
of Paterson, N. J.
KERR, JOHN LEEDS, lawyer con
gressman, United States senator, was born
Jan. 15, 1780, in Greenbury Point, Md.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1825 to 1829, and again
from 1831 to 1833. He was a senator in
congress from 1841 to 1843. He died Feb
21, 1844, near Easton, Md.
KERR, JOSEPH, United States senator.
He was a senator in congress from Ohio
from 1814 to 1815 to fill a vacancy.
KERR, MICHAEL CRAWFORD, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born March
15, 1827, near Titusville, Pa. In 1856 he
was elected for two years to the Indiana
state .assembly; and in 1862 was elected
reporter to the supreme court of the state,
and published five volumes. In 1864 he
was elected a representative from Indiana
to the thirty-ninth congress, and was re-
elected to the fortieth, forty-first and
forty-second congresses. Having been
re-elected to the forty-fourth congress,
was the choice of his party for speaker,
and was duly elected. He died Aug 20
1876, in Alum Springs, Va.
KERR, ROBERT POLLOK, author, was
born in 1850 in Massachusetts. He is the
author of Presbyterianism for the People;
History of Presbyterianism; Hymns of
the Ages; and Voice of God in History.
KERR, SHADRACH, missionary, was
born June 4, 1833, in the British West
Indies. In 1859 he did extensive mission
work at the Turks and Caicos islands,
and in 1863 was appointed master of pub
lic schools at Grand Turks. In 1867 he
was sent as a missionary to Hayti. and in
1873 was appointed professor at the Na
tional Lyceum college. In 1883 he was
sent to Jamaica, and the following year
was appointed rector of the Panama Rail
road church. In 1889 he made extensive
missionary tours through Central Amer
ica, and performed the religious services
at the opening at the Nicaragua canal.
In 1890 he returned to the West Indies,
and was transferred to the diocese of
Florida as the rector of St. Peter's Episco
pal church of Key West.
KERR, WALTER LOWRIE. farmer,
legislator, was born Feb. 17, 1848, in
Poland, Ohio. He received the rudiments
of his education in the public schools, and
graduated from the Iowa university. He
is a successful farmer of Norton. Kan.;
has served with distinction as a member
of the Kansas house of representatives;
and filled various other public offices in the
gift of his county and state.
KERR, WASHINGTON CARUTHERS,
geologist, was born May 24, 1827, in Ala
mance county, N. C. He became one of
the foremost geologists of the south;
and has contributed a number of valuable
papers to scientific publications. He died
Aug. 9, 1885, in Asheville, N. C.
552
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KERR, WILLIAM JASPER, educator,
college president, was born Nov. 17, 18 — ,
in Richmond, Utah. He received his edu-
__^ _ cation at the univer
sity of Utah, and at
^^^^ the Cornell univer-
^^^P \ sity; subsequently
receiving the degrees
jm f of B. S. and B. D.
During 1887-90 he
^^L was instructor in
science in the Brig-
ham Young college;
A^^^k in 1892-94 filled the
f^ |^^^ chair of mathematics
i^H^^~>"*^]^^| in the university of
Utah; and since 1894
has been president of the Brigham Young
college of Logan, Utah. In 1896-97 he was
president of the Utah State Teachers' asso
ciation; for many years has been prom
inently identified with the educational de
velopment of Utah; and has contributed
extensively to periodical literature on edu
cational and kindred topics.
KERR, WINFIELD S., lawyer, state
senator, congressman. He is a successful
lawyer of Mansfield, Ohio. He served four
years in the Ohio state senate; and was
elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses.
KERRIGAN. JAMES E., soldier, con
gressman. He was elected a representa
tive from New York to the thirty-seventh
congress, leaving his seat for a time to
serve as colonel of volunteers in the trou
bles of 1861.
KERSHAW, JOHN, congressman, was
born in South Carolina. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1813 to 1815, when he was appointed one
of the three commissioners to run the
Creek boundary lines.
KETCHAM, ISAAC A., inventor, was
born in 1827, in Huntington, L. I. He
planned the first ironclad torpedo boat,
which was built by the United States
government in 1864. He next invented a
device by which an endless cable could
be used in adjusting torpedoes or batteries
across channel ways for harbor protection.
KETCHAM, JOHN H., soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Dec. 31, 1831,
in Dover, N. Y. He was a member of the
assembly in 1856 and 1857; and of the state
senate in 1860 and 1861. In 1862 he en
tered the military service, and as colonel
of the one hundred and fiftieth New York
volunteers served until 1865, when he was
made a brigadier-general by brevet. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the thirty-ninth congress; and
was re-elected to the fortieth, forty-first,
forty-second, forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-
seventh, forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth,
fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a republican.
KETCHUM, ALEXANDER P., soldier,
lawyer, was born May 11, 1839, in New
Haven, Conn. In his infancy his par
ents settled in New
York city, which has
ever since been his
home. His father
was a prominent
lawyer, and for a
number of years city
registrar in bank
ruptcy of the United
States. In 1860 he
graduated from the
Albany Law school,
and at once began
the practice of his
profession. During the civil war he
served as lieutenant in company H, fifty-
sixth regiment New York volunteer in
fantry; and was subsequently commis
sioned captain in the one hundred and
twenty-eighth regiment; resigning from
the army in 1867 with the rank of brevet
colonel. He has served as assessor of in
ternal revenue; collector of internal rev
enue; and general and chief appraiser for
the port of New York.
KETCHUM, MRS. ANNIE [CHAM
BERS], educator, lecturer, author, was
born Nov. 8, 1824, in Scott county, Ky.
She is an educator and lecturer; and the
author of Lotos Flowers; Christmas Car
illons, and Other Poems; Botany for
Academies and Colleges; The Teacher's
Empire; Nellie Braden, a novel; and
Rilla Motto, a romance.
KETCHUM, JOHN B., soldier, poet, was
born July 11, 1837, in New York city. He
served with distinction through the civil
war. In isuB he aided in the formation of
a new organization for the moral, religious
and temporal welfare of the troops com
posing the regular army of the United
States; and he has been corresponding
secretary of the society since its founda
tion. Prior to the war he was a suc
cessful journalist; and he has recently
published a volume of poems.
KETCHUM, WILLIAM SCOTT, soldier,
was born July 7, 1813, in Norfolk, Conn.
During the latter part of the civil war he
was connected with the quartermaster's
department, and after being brevetted
major-general in 1865, he was mustered
out of the volunteer service. He died June
28, 1871, in Baltimore, Md.
KETCHUM, WINTHROP W., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
June 29, 1820, in Wilkes Barre.Pa. He was
a member of the Pennsylvania house of
representatives of the state in 1859; and
state senator in I860, 1861, and 1862. He
was appointed solicitor of the United
States court of claims in 1865; and held
the office two years and resigned. He was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the forty-fourth congress. He
died Dec. 6, 1879, in Pittsburg, Pa.
KETRICK, MICHAEL J., educator, poet,
was born March 22, 1857, in Ireland. After
receiving a liberal education he entered
educational work;
has attained success
in his profession, and
for many years past
Jtt. i has been connected
j with the Scranton
-- i public schools. He
Tfc^ j has given much time
I to literary work; has
I contributed exten-
V.X I sively to educational
BMLku^^^^^ '""' ''"' I" rim]ir;i!
I press; and is the au
thor of a number of
meritorious poems, which have been a
valuable acquisition to current literature.
His poems appear in Poets of America
and other standard wonvs. He is the sec
retary of The South Scranton Building
and Loan association of Scranton, Pa.,
where he is prominent in various fraternal
orders.
KETTELL, SAMUEL, journalist, state
legislator, author, was born Aug. 5, 1800,
in Newburyport, Mass. He was a member
of the Massachusetts legislature in 1851-
53. His principal work is Specimens of
American Poetry, with Critical and Bio
graphical Notices, and an historical intro
duction; besides which he published Per
sonal Narrative of the First Voyage of
Columbus; and Records of the Spanish
Inquisition.
KEY, DAVID McKENDREE, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, was born
Jan. 27, 1824, in Greene county, Tenn. He
was chancellor of the third chancery di
vision of the state from 1870 to 1875, when
he was appointed United States senator to
fill a vacancy. He was postmaster-general
in the cabinet of President Hayes from
1877 to 1880, when he was appointed
United States district judge for the eastern
and middle districts of Tennessee.
KEY, FRANCIS SCOTT, lawyer, author,
was born Aug. 9, 1780, in Frederick coun
ty, Md. He was a lawyer of Washington
whose miscellaneous poems were collected
and published after his death. He was
the author of The Star-Spangled Banner,
composed in 1814 during the bombard
ment of Fort McHenry. He died Jan. 11,
1843, in Baltimore, Md.
KEY, JOHN C., soldier, -lawyer, legis
lator, railroad president, was born Feb.
25, 1826, in Jasper, Va. During the war
he was captain of company B, forty-fourth
Georgia regiment; was promoted to
major; and was with the army of north
ern Virginia to the close of the war. He
has attained success in his profession of
law at Monticello, Ga. ; was a representa
tive in the Georgia state legislature in
1859-60, and again in 1882-83; and in 1887
was a member of the state constitutional
convention. He is the president of the
Covington and Macon Railroad company;
a royal arch mason; an advocate for
a strict construction of the powers of con
gress under the constitution of the United
States; and a consistent temperance ad
vocate.
KEY, JOHN ROSS, artist, was born
July 16, 1837, in Baltimore, Md. He moved
to Boston, where he exhibited about one
hundred of his pictures, including Marble-
head Beach; Ochre Point, Newport; Morn
ing Stroll; and a view of The Golden
Gate, San Francisco, for which he received
a medal at the Centennial exhibition of
1876.
KEY, PHILIP, agriculturist, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in 1750
in St. Mary's county, Md. He served a
number of years in the legislature of
Maryland, and was for one or two terms
speaker. He also rendered some service
in the municipal courts of his native
county; and was a representative in con
gress from Maryland from 1791 to 1793.
He died Jan. 4, 1820, in St. Mary's county,
Md.
KEY, PHILIP BARTON, soldier, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born in 1757 in Cecil county, Md. He rep
resented Annapolis in the state legisla
ture; and was a representative in con
gress from Maryland from 1807 to 1813.
He died July 28, 1815, in Georgetown, D. C.
KEY, PHILIP BARTON, lawyer, legis
lator, was born Nov. 2, 1804, in Woodley,
Georgetown, D. C. He went to Louisiana
in 1835, and engaged in planting. He was
a member of the legislature of Louisiana
and of the constitutional convention in
1850. He died May 4, 1854, near Thibo-
deaux. La.
KEY, THOMAS MARSHALL, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, was born Aug. 8,
1819, in Washington, Ky. For many years
he served in the Ohio senate, where he
had much influence. He was the author
of the first congressional bill for the
emancipation of slaves in any part of the
United States, and wrote the bill for the
emancipation of slaves in the District of
Columbia. He died Jan. 15, 1869, in Leb
anon. Ohio.
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
553
KEYES, EDWARD LAWRENCE, phy
sician, author, was born Aug. 28, 1843, in
Charleston, S. C. He is a physician of
New York city; and the author of The
Tonic Treatment of Syphilis; Venereal
Diseases; and Genito-Urinary Diseases.
KEYES, ELIAS, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in Ashford, Conn.
He was a member of the legislature of
Vermont from Stockbridge county for a
period of eighteen years; and from 1803
to 1818 was a state councilor. He was a
representative in congress from Vermont
from 1821 to 1823.
KEYES, EMERSON WILLARD, lawyer,
author, was born June 30, 1828, in James
town, N. Y. He has been superintendent
of public instruction
in the state of New
York; superintend
ent of bank depart
ment, state of New
York; and has filled
numerous public po
sitions of honor in
the city of Brooklyn
and the state of New
York. He is a suc
cessful lawyer, and
the author of Keyes'
Court of Appeals Re
ports, in four volumes; History of Sav
ings Banks in the United States, in two
volumes; Code of Public Instruction;
Principles of Civil Government in the
State of New York; and sundry pamph
lets, addresses, legislative reports, and
various valuable papers.
KEYES, ERASMUS DARWIN, soldier,
author, was born May 29, 1810, in Brim-
field, Mass. He was a major-general in
the federal army in the civil war; and
the author of Fifty Years' Observation of
Men and Events. He died in 1895.
KEYES. JOHN ARNOLD, lawyer, legis
lator, was born June 23, 1859, in Chelsea,
Vt. He attended the Chelsea academy;
studied law, and in 1884 was admitted to
the bar by the supreme court of Vermont.
In 1885 he moved to Winona, Minn.; and
in 1889-91 was elected and served with
distinction as a member of the Minne
sota state legislature. In 1892 he moved
to Duluth; was a candidate for attorney-
general of Minnesota in 1894, and in 1896
on the silver ticket. He is one of the fore
most lawyers of Minnesota, and has a lu
crative practice in Duluth.
KEYL, ERNST GERHARD WILHELM,
clergyman, author, was born May 22, 1804,
in Germany. For many years he was
president of the eastern district of the
Missouri synod, of which he was a found
er. He was the author of Lutherophilus;
and various other works. He died Aug. 4,
1872, in Monroe, Mich.
KEYS. WILLIAM REED, educator,
journalist, was born June 12, 1859, in
Jonesboro, Tenn. He has attained suc
cess as an educator and journalist, and is
the author of a number of meritorious
poems.
KEYSER, EPHRAIM, sculptor, was
born Oct. 6, 1850, in Baltimore, Md. He
studied sculpture at the Royal academies
in Munich, Berlin and Rome. He executed
the De Kalb statue at Annapolis, Md.;
and the Chester A. Arthur memorial at
Albany, N. Y.
KEYSER, LEANDER S., clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born March 13, 1857, in
Tuscarawas county, Ohio. He is a suc
cessful clergyman of Springfield, Ohio;
and the author of The Only Way Out;
Epochs of a Life; and a volume of poems.
KEYSER, PETER DIRCK, surgeon, au
thor, was born Feb. 8, 1835, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a surgeon of Philadel
phia who has published Operations for
Cataracts, and other works on diseases of
the eye. He died in 1897.
KIBBEE, CHARLES CARROLL, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, state senator, was
born Aug. 25, 1839, in Macon, Ga. He
served through the civil war, attaining the
rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1870 was
elected a state senator from Georgia; and
in 1874 was elected judge of the superior
court.
KIDD, EDWIN ETHELBERT, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, poet, was born Dec. 18,
1836, in Alabama. He served as a captain
in the confederate army until the close of
the war. He has been a member of the
Louisiana legislature for several terms.
He is the author of a number of poems,
some of which have been set to music.
KIDD, WILLIAM, navigator, was born
in Scotland. He followed the sea from
.his youth; and about 1695 was known
as one of the boldest and most successful
shipmasters that sailed from New York.
He subsequently became a noted pirate;
was arrested and sent to England for
trial; and was executed May 24, 1701, in
London.
KIDDER, DANIEL PARRISH, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 18, 1815, in
Darien, N. Y. He was a methodist cler
gyman of prominence who held professor
ships in several theological institutions.
He was the author of Homiletics; The
Christian Pastorate; Mormonism and the
Mormons; Sketches of a Residence in
Brazil; Helps to Prayer; and co-author
with J. C Fletcher, of Brazil and the
Brazilians. He died in 1891.
KIDDER, DAVID, lawyer, congressman,
was born Dec. 8, 1787, in Dresden, Maine.
He settled in Somerset county, where he
was county attorney from 1811 to 1823;
and was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1823 to 1827. He was also a
member of the state legislature in 1829.
He died Nov. 1, 1860.
KIDDER, FREDERICK, merchant, au
thor, was born April 16, 1804, in New
Ipswich, N. H. He was a Boston mer
chant among whose historical monographs
are: The Boston Massacre; and The Ex
peditions of Captain John Lovewell. He
died Dec. 19, 1885, in Melrose, Mass.
KIDDER, JEFFERSON P., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born in 1814 in
Braintree, Vt. He was state's attorney
from 1842 to 1847; a member of the state
senate in 1847 and 1848; and lieutenant-
governor in 1853 and 1854. He removed
to Minnesota in 1857; and was elected to
the legislature in 1860, 1862, and 1863.
He was appointed an associate judge of
the supreme court of Dakota in 1865, and
removed there; and was reappointed in
1869, and again in 1873. After holding the
position ten years he resigned on being
elected a delegate from Dakota 'to the
forty-fourth congress. He was re-elected
to the forty-fifth congress; and in 1883
was appointed an associate justice of the
supreme court of Dakota. He died Oct.
2, 1883, in St. Paul, Minn.
KIDDER, JOHN FLINT, railroad presi
dent, was born July 2, 1830, in New York
city. Since 1884 he has been president of
the Nevada County Narrow Gauge rail
road.
KIDDER, WELLINGTON PARKER, in
ventor, was born Feb. 19, 1853, in Nor-
ridgewock, Maine. He is the inventor of
the Franklin typewriter, and more recent
ly another, which has not yet been named.
KIDDLE, HENRY, educator, author,
was born Jan. 15, 1824, in England. He
was an educator who was superintendent
of the schools of New York city in 1870-
79. He was the author of Text-Book of
Physics; Elements of Astronomy; and
Dictionary of Education, which include
his most important works. He died in
1891.
KIDDOO, JOSEPH B., soldier, was born
about 1840 in Pennsylvania. He was bre-
vetted brigadier-general and major-gen
eral of United States volunteers, and col
onel and brigadier-general United States
army, and he was retired in 1870 with the
full rank of brigadier-general in the reg
ular army.
KIDWELL, ZEDEKIAH, physician,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 4,
1814, in Fairfax county, Va. He served a
number of years in the legislature of
Virginia; and was a presidential elector
in 1852. He was a representative in con
gress from Virginia from 1853 to 1857.
He died April 27, 1872, in Fairmount, Va.
KIEFER, ANDREW R., soldier, state
legislator, congressman, was born in
Marienborn. He was elected clerk in the
legislature in 1860; entered the union
army as captain in the second Minnesota
infantry volunteers in 1861; commissioned
colonel of militia in 1863; and elected
member of state legislature in 1864. He
was elected to the fifty-third and fifty-
fourth congresses.
KIEFER, HERMAN, physician, sur
geon, college president, author, was born
Nov 19 1825, in Germany. In 1866-67 he
was a member of the Detroit board of edu
cation, and in 1882 he became a member
of the public library commission, being
re-elected in 1883 for a term of six years.
KIEFFER, ALDINE SILLIMAN, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born Aug. 1, 1840,
in Miami, Mo. He is the editor and pro
prietor of The Musical Million of Dayton,
Va. He is the author of two volumes of
poems, entitled Vigil and Vision, and
Hours of Fancy; and numerous collec
tions of school and church music.
KIEFFER, HENRY MARTYN, clergy
man, author, was born in 1845 in Pennsyl
vania. He is a German reformed clergy
man of Norristown, and subsequently of
Easton, Pa.; and the author of The Recol
lections of a Drummer Boy.
KIEFFER, MOSES, clergyman, college
president, was born May 5, 1814, in Letter-
kenny, Pa. In 1855 he became president
of Heidelberg college of Tiffin, Ohio, which
post he held till 1864, serving as professor
in the theological department from 1855
till 1867. He is now a pastor in Gettys
burg, Pa.
KIEFT, WILHELM, was the third gov
ernor of New York.
KIEKHOEFER, H. J., educator, clergy
man, college president, was born Aug. 10,
1849, in Germany. He attended the Gales-
ville university, in which institution he
subsequently filled the chair of ancient
languages. He also attended the North
Western college of Naperville, 111., of
which institution he is now president and
professor of intellectual and moral phil
osophy. For many years he filled the
chair of systematic theology in the Union
Biblical institute.
KIERNAN, JAMES LAWLOR, soldier,
educator, journalist, physician, surgeon,
was born in 1837, in New York city. He
was appointed brigadier-general of volun
teers in 1863. He served as surgeon of the
United States pension bureau; and after
the war became United States consul to
Chin Kiang, China. He died Nov. 26,
1869, in New York city.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KlLBOURN, JAMES, merchant, manu-
tarturer, clergyman, state legislator, con
gressman, was born Oct. 19, 1770, in New
Britain, Conn. From 1813 to 1817 he was
a representative in congress from Ohio.
In 1823 he was elected to the Ohio legisla
ture, serving on fourteen committees; and
was re-elected in 1838. He died April 24,
1850, in Worthington, Ohio.
KILBOURNE, JAMES R., manufactu
rer, state legislator, was born Dec. 24,
1870, in Columbus, Ohio. He is a success
ful manufacturer of Columbus, Ohio, and
was elected and served with distinction as
a member of the seventy-second general
assembly of Ohio.
KILBOURNE, JOHN, author, publisher,
was born Aug. 7, 1787. in Berlin, Conn.
He published a Gazetteer of Vermont, a
Gazetteer of Ohio, a map of Ohio, a vol
ume of Public Documents Concerning the
Ohio Canals; and a School Geography.
He died March 12, 1831, in Columbus,
Ohio.
KILBOrRNE, PAYNE KENYON. jour
nalist, author, was born July 26, 1815, in
Litchfield, Conn. He was a journalist of
Connecticut and the author of The Skep
tic and Other Poems; History of the
County of Litchfleld; and Chronicles of
Litchfield. He died July 19, 1859, in
Litchfield, Conn.
KILBURN, CHARLES LAWRENCE,
soldier, was born Aug. 9, 1819, in Law-
renceville. Pa. He served with distinc
tion through the civil war; was brevetted
brigadier-general; and retired from ac
tive service in 1882.
KILBURN, LUCIAN M., soldier, state
senator, was born Jan. 20, 1842, in Bosca-
wen, N. H. During the civil war he
served in the sixteenth regiment New
Hampshire volunteer infantry, and was in
active service in the departments of the
gulf under General Banks. He has served
six years as a member of the Iowa stat'o
senate.
KILGORE, CONSTANTINE BUCKLEY,
soldier, lawyer, jurist, state senator, con
gressman, was born Feb. 20, 1835, in New-
nan. Ga. He served in the confederate
army, and in 1862 was made the adjutant-
general of Ector's brigade, army of the
Tennessee. He was elected justice of the
peace in Rusk county. Texas, in 1869. He
was elected to the state senate in 1884 for
four years; was chosen president of that
body in 1885 for two years. He was elect
ed to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
KILGORE, DAMON YOUNG, lawyer,
author, was born in 1827. He was a law
yer of Philadelphia, and 'the author of
Dangers Which Threaten the Republic;
and Questions of the Day. He died in
1888.
KILGORE, DANIEL, congressman, was
born in Virginia. During 1835-39 he was
a representative in congress from Ohio.
He died Dec. 12, 1851, in New York.
KILGORE, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born April 3,
1804, in Harrison county, Ky. He moved
to Delaware county, Ky. ; in 1833 was
elected to the state legislature, and served
several years, and in 1839 was elected by
the legislature president judge of the judi
cial circuit in which he resided, and held
the office seven years. In 1854 he was
again elected to the legislature, and was
speaker of the house. In 1856 he was
elected a representative from Indiana to
the thirty-fifth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-sixth congress.
KILLE, JOSEPH, congressman, was
born in New Jersey. He was a represent
ative in congress from that state from
1839 to 1841
KILLEN. HENRY FRANKLIN, edu
cator, clergyman, was born Feb. 27, 1864,
in Union, Miss. He attended the Green
Wood Normal institute; Kiachi college,
Louisiana, and the Waco university,
Texas. He has been principal of the
Geneva academy; principal of the Pluni
Male and Female college; a clergyman in
various baptist churches, and is now con
nected with the hign school of Kirby-
ville, Texas.
KILLEN. WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, wa,
born in 1722, in Ireland. He took an
active part in the revolutionary war; dur
ing 1776-93 was first chief justice of the
supreme court of Delaware; and chan
cellor of the state from 1793 till 1801. He
died Oct. 3, 1805, in Dover, Del.
KILLINGER, JOHN W., lawyer, -tat<?
senator, congressman, was born Sept. -5,
1825, in Lebanon, Pa. He was attorney
for Lebanon county. Pa., until 1849; was
elected to the house of representatives of
the state in 1850 and 1851; and was elect
ed to the state senate in 1854, serving
three years. He was elected a representa
tive from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
sixth, thirty-seventh, forty-second and
forty-third congresses; and was also
elected to the forty-fifth and forty-sixth
congresses as a republican.
KILLINGSWORTH, D. H., physician,
surgeon, was born Nov. 26, 1861, in Fay-
etteville, W. Va. In 1888 he graduated
from the college of Physicians and Sur
geons of Des Moines, Iowa, from the
medical department of the Drake univer
sity. He then took a post-graduate
course in the New York Medical school,
and was president of his class in col
lege. He has attained success in his pro
fession at Tingley, Iowa.
KILMER, CHAUNCEY, manufacturer,
was born March 23, 1816, in Rock City
Falls, N. Y. He has supplied the New
York Sun with more
than $7,000,000 worth
of paper. From 1850
to 1857 he held an in
terest in five differ
ent paper mills,
which ran continu
ously day and night,
every day of the
year except Sunday.
His success has been
remarkable. He has
taken an active part
in the public and
business affairs of his city, county and
state.
KILPATRICK, HUGH JUDSON, sol
dier, diplomat, was born Jan. 14, 1836,
near Deckertown, N. J. He was captain of
the eighteenth artil
lery in 1864; was
brevetted major-gen
eral for the capture
of Fayetteville.N. C.,
in 1865; was major-
general of the United
States army for cam
paign in the Caro-
linas, and major-
general of volun
teers in 1865. He
was minister to Chili
from 1865 to 1870;
and was again ap
pointed minister to Chili in 1881. He died
Dec. 4, 1881, in Santiago, Chili.
K1LTON, JAMES A., lawyer, legislator,
was born Nov. 11, 1862, in Providence, R.
I. He served as a member ot the Colorado
house of representatives in the ninth gen
eral assembly, and is the national presi
dent of the Patriotic Order Sons of Amer
ica.
KILTY, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist. He
settled in the city of Washington in 1800.
and in the following year was appointed
chief justice of the circuit court for the
District of Columbia.
KIMBALL, ALANSON M., merchant,
state legislator, congressman, was bora
March 12, 1827, in Buxton, Maine. He
moved to the state of Wisconsin, and
there became a member of the legislature
in 1863 and 1864. In 1864 he was elected
a representative from Wisconsin to the
forty-fourth congress.
KIMBALL, ARTHUR LALANNE, ed
ucator, author, was born in 185G in New
Jersey. He is a professor of physics at
Amherst college since 1891, and the au
thor of The Physical Properties of Gases.
KIMBALL, CHARLES HAZEN, lawyer,
legislator, railroad president, was bora
Jan. 1, 1846, in Carthage, N. Y. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in.
the common schools, attended Rome acad
emy; and subsequently graduated from,
the St. Lawrence university of Canton, N.
Y., and from the Albany Law school.
During the civil war he served with dis
tinction as first lieutenant of the forty-
third regiment, United States colored In
fantry. He is one of the most prominent
lawyers of the west, and for eight years,
served as a state senator in the Kansas
legislature. He has been president of the
Parsons and Pacific Railroad company;
president of the Kansas City and Pacific
Railroad company; president of the Par
sons Water company; president of the
Parsons Crystal Ice company; president of
the Parsons Telephone company; presi
dent of the Kansas City and Pacific Tele
graph company; and president of the Bad
ger Mining and Milling company of Den
ver.
KIMBALL, EDGAR ALLAN, soldier,
was born Jan. 3, 1822, in Pembroke, N.
H. In 1847-48 he was a captain and bre
vet-major in the United States army;
served with gallantry in the Mexican war;
was the first man to scale the walls of
Chapultepec, and received the surrender
of the castle. In 1862 ho was colone". of
a New York regiment of Zouaves. He
died April 12, 1863, in Suffolk, Va.
KIMBALL, ELLEN PACKARD, edu
cator, poet, was born Oct. 9, 184S, in
Woodstock, Maine. Early in life she com
menced educational v/ork, and has ever
since been engaged as teacher in the pub
lic schools. She is the author of many
meritorious poems, some of which have
been given a place in Poets of Amer
ica, and other standard works.
KIMBALL, EMMA A., poet, was born
Dec. 22, 1847, in Rye, N. H. For many
years she taught school; is a successful
poet of Haverhill. Mass., and the author
of a volume of poems entitled Wayside
Flowers.
KIMBALL, FRANK WILLARD, law
yer, lecturer, musician, was born Dec. 10,
1866, in Augusta, Maine. In 1884 he en
tered the Hesperian
academy of San Luis
Obispo, California,
and subsequently
continued his educa
tion in Boston and
Somerville. Mass. In
1890 he was admitted
to the bar, and has
attained success in
his profession. He
is an eloquent and
logical speaker, and
has attained success
on the lecture platform. He is a writer
and musician, and the author of the Sax-
optione Quartette.
HERRING8HAW8 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
555
KIMBALL, FREDERICK J., railroad
president, was born March 6, 1844, in
Philadelphia, Pa. Since 1895 he has been
president of the Norfolk and Western
railroad.
KIMBALL, OILMAN, educator, surgeon,
was born Dec. 8, 1804, in Hill, N. H. He
became one of the most noted physicians
and surgeons of New England; and for
many years had charge of the Lowell Med
ical institute.
KIMBALL, HANNAH PARKER, au
thor, poet, was born in 1861 in Massa
chusetts. She is a Boston poet, whose
work includes Soul and Sense, and Other
Verses; and The Cup of Life and Other
Poems.
KIMBALL, HARRIET McEWEN, poet,
was born Nov. 2, 1834, in Portsmouth, N.
H. She is a religious verse-writer of
Portsmouth, N. H., and the author of
Swallow Flights of Song; Hymns; The
Blessed Company of All Faithful People;
and Complete Poems.
KIMBALL, INCREASE, inventor, was
born Oct. 26, 1777, in Concord,- N. H. He
invented cut nails and devised the first
machinery for their manufacture. He
died Sept. 16, 1856, in Hanover, N. H.
KIMBALL, JAMES PUTNAM, soldier,
geologist, was born April 26, 1836, in
Salem, Mass. In 1861 he entered the
union army as assistant adjutant-general,
with the rank of captain, and was as
signed to duty as chief of staff under Gen
eral Patrick. In 1873 he accepted the
honorary professorship of geology in Le-
high university at Bethlehem, Pa. In
1885 he was appointed director of the
United States mints.
KIMBALL, JAMES WILLIAM, author,
was born Feb. 4, 1812, in Salem, Mass. He
was the author of Heaven my Father's
Home; Friendly Words with Fellow Pil
grims; Encouragements to Faith; How
to See Jesus; and The Christian Ministry.
He died March 28, 1885, in Newton, Mass.
KIMBALL, JOSEPH HORACE, journal
ist, author, was born in 1813 in Pembroke,
N. H. He resided in Concord, N. H., where
he edited The Herald of Freedom, an anti-
slavery journal. He published jointly with
two friends Emancipation in the West
Indies; a Six Months' Tour in Antigua,
Barbadoes, and Jamaica, in 1837. He died
April 11, 1838, in Pembroke, N. H.
KIMBALL, NATHAN, soldier, was born
in Indiana. He served in the Mexican
war as captain of volunteers, and at the
beginning of the
civil war was ap
pointed colonel of a
regiment of Indiana
infantry. He com
manded a brigade at
the battle of Win
chester, and was
commissioned as a
brigadier-general of
volunteers on April
15, 1862. He was
brevetted major-gen
eral on Feb. 1, 1885,
and mustered out of the service on Aug.
24, 1865.
KIMBALL, RICHARD BURLEIGH.
lawyer, author, was born Oct. 11, 1816, in
Plainfield, N. H. He was a lawyer of
New York city who founded the town of
Kimball in Texas, and built the first rail
road in that state. He is the author of
St. Leger; Undercurrents of Wall Street
Life; Letters from Cuba; Letters I'rom
England; Cuba and the Cubans; Was He
Successful? To-Day in New York; Stories
of Exceptional Life; Henry Powers, Bank
er, a novel; and Romance of a Student
Life Abroad. He died in 1892.
KIMBALL, SUMNER I., state legislator,
was born Sept. 2, 1834, in Lebanon, Maine.
In 1859 he was elected to the Maine house
of representatives, and in 1878 was elected
superintendent of the United States life
saving service.
KIMBALL, SUMNER INCREASE, law
yer, state legislator, was born Sept. 2,
1834, in Lebanon, Maine. He was a rep
resentative in the Maine state legislature
in 1859. On the erection of the life-sav
ing service into a separate bureau, he was
appointed the general superintendent of
that service.
KIMBALL, WILLIAM WALLACE, pi
ano manufacturer, was born in 1828, in
Maine. He was founder of the piano and
^^^^ __ organ making indus-
tries of Chicago, and
pioneer of the whole
sale music trade of
the north. In 1882
the business was re
organized under
the corporate name
of W. W. Kimball
and Co., the founder
being president and
controlling owner.
In 1887 the growth
of trade led to the
occupancy of the mammoth structure,
southeast corner State and Jackson
streets, the final removal to the statelier
and more commodious Kimball building,
147-157 Wabash avenue, being made in the
spring of 1891.
KIMBARK, SENECA DU BOIS, manu
facturer, was born March 4, 1832, in Ven
ice, N. Y. He has made Chicago the dis
tributing center of
heavy hardware in
the west, and the ex
porter of large quan
tities of this mer
chandise to Aus
tralia, the South
American republics
and Mexico. In Chi
cago the business oc
cupies a six-story
warehouse, and as
an adjunct to its op
erations a factory is
maintained in Elkhart, Ind.
K1MBERLY, LEWIS ASHFIELD, na
val officer, was born April 2, 1830, in
Troy, N. Y. He was appointed a midship
man in the navy from Illinois in 1846, and
was commissioned rear-admiral in 1887.
KIMBLE, SAM, lawyer, poet, was born
June 19, 1854, in Sarahsville, Ohio. In
1873 he graduated from the Kansas State
Agricultural college,
with the uegree of A.
B. In 1875 he was
admitted to the bar,
and is now one of
the foremost lawyers
of Kansas, at Man
hattan. He has
served as city attor
ney for three terms;
two terms as county
attorney; and has
filled various other
public positions of
honor. While his literary work has been
chiefly in prose, he has also written a
number of meritorious poems, which have
appeared in the leading newspapers and
magazines, in Poets of America, and other
standard works.
KIMBROUGH. THOMAS CHARLES,
lawyer, was born Jan. 29, 1872, in Carroll-
ton, Miss. He is a prominent lawyer of
Jackson, Miss.; and secretary of the rail
road commission, his term of four years
commencing in January, 1896.
KIMMELL, WILLIAM, agriculturist,
state senator, congressman, was born in
Baltimore, Md. He was a state senator
from 1866 to 1871; and was elected a rep
resentative from Maryland to the forty-
fifth and forty-sixth congresses. lie died
Dec. 28, 1886.
KINCAID, CHARLES EASTON. jour
nalist, jurist, was born in 1855. in Dan
ville, Ky. He is the Washington corre
spondent of the Louisville Daily Times..
KINCAID, HARRISON RITTEN-
HOUSE, journalist, was born Jan. 3, 1836,
in Madison county, Ind. During 1868-79
he was a clerk in the United States sen
ate; and during 1895-99 was secretary of
state of Oregon, and also state auditor.
He issued the first number of the Oregon
State Journal in 1864; and has contrib
uted extensively to current literature.
KINCAID, JOHN, congressman, was
born Feb. 15, 1791, near Danville, Ky.
He was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1829 to 1833. He died
Feb. 7, 1875.
KING, ADAM, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1827 to 1833. He died May
6, 1835.
KING, ANDREW, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, congressman, was oorn March
20. ]812, in Greenbrier county, Va. ine
was elected to the Missouri state senate
in 1846; to the house of representatives
in 1858; and was judge of the circuit court
from 1859 to 1864. He was elected to the
forty-second congress as a democrat.
KING, MRS. ANNA [EICHBERG], au
thor, was born in 1853, in Switzerland.
She is a Boston writer of short stories,
and the author of Brown's Retreat, and
Other Stories; and Kitwyk Stories.
KING, AUSTIN AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, governor, \vas born
Sept. 20, 1801, in Sullivan county, Tenn.
He removed to Missouri in 1830; in 1834
was elected to the Missouri legislature;
was re-elected to the same position in
1836; and in 1837 was appointed a circuit
judge for Ray county, which position he
held until 1848, when he was elected gov
ernor of Missouri, the term of that office
expiring in 1853. In 1862 he was elected
a representative from Missouri to tne
thirty-eighth congress. He died April 22,
1870, in bt. Louis, Mo.
KING, CHARLES, soldier, journalist,
state legislator, college president, was
born March 16, 1789, in New York ciiy.
The war of 1812 with England found him
actively engaged in business, and al
though he held the opinion that it was in
judicious, he gave the government his
support, both in tne legislature of New
York, to which he was elected in 1813
and as a volunteer in 1814. He published
the New York American, a conservative
newspaper, and was its sole editor from
1827 till 1845, when he became one of
the editors of the Courier and Enquirer,
holding that post until 1849. In that year
he was chosen president of Columbia col
lege. He died in October, 1867, in Fras-
cati, Italy.
KING, CHARLES, soldier, author, was
born Oct. 12, 1844, in Albany, N. Y. He
was a United States army officer, retired in
1879 with the rank of captain. Among his
many publications are, Famous and De
cisive Battles; Between the Lines; Cam
paigning with Crook; Stories of Army
Life; Cadet Days; The Colonel's Daugh
ter; The Deserter; A War Time Wooing;
Kitty's Conquest; Under Fire; Waring's
Peril; Foes in Ambush; Fort Frayne;
and Noble Blood.
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KING, CLARENCE, geologist, author,
was born Jan. 6, 1842, in Newport, R. i.
He is a geologist, for a number of years
in the government service, and the au
thor of Mountaineering in the Sierra Ne
vada; and Systematic Geology.
KING, CYRl'S, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 16, 1772, in
Scarborough, Maine. He was a major-
general of militia; and was a representa
tive in congress from Massachusetts from
1813 to 1817. He died April 25, 1817, in
Saco, Maine.
KING, DAN, physician, author, was
born Jan. 27, 1791, in Mansfield, Conn.
He was a Rhode Island physician, and
the author of Life and Times of Governor
Dorr; Quackery Unmasked; and Tobacco:
What it Is and What it Does. He died
Nov. 13, 1864, in Smithfield, R. I.
KING, DANIEL PUTNAM, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Jan. 8, 1800,
in Danvers. Mass. In 1836 and 1837 he
was a member of the Massachusetts leg
islature; in 1838 and 1839 was a member
of the state senate; and in 1840 and 1841
was president of that body. He was
speaker of the house in 1843; and during
that year was elected a representative m
congress, and held that position until
his death. He died July 25, 1850, in Dan
vers, Mass.
KING, DAVID BENNETT, lawyer, au
thor, was born June 20, 1848, near Mt.
Pleasant, Pa. He is a lawyer of New
York city, and the author of Latin Pro
nunciation; and The Irish Question.
KING, EDWARD, lawyer, state legis
lator, was born March 13,xli95, in New
York city. He was several times elected
to each branch of the Ohio legislature,
and for two sessions was speaner of the
house. He attained success at the bar,
and was instrumental in forming the Cin
cinnati law school in 1833. He died Feb.
6, 1836, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
KING, EDWARD, journalist, author,
was born July 31, 1848, in Middlefield,
Mass. He was a journalist who lived in
Paris as correspondent for American
journals, and the author of The Gentle
Savage; The Golden Spike; French Lead
ers; My Paris, or French Character
Sketches; Kentucky's Love; The Great
South; Echoes from the Orient, a volume
of poems; Europe in Storm and Calm; A
Venetian Lover, a Poem; Joseph Zal-
monah; and Under the Red Flag. He
died in 1896.
KING, FRANK LOUI. musician, com
poser, was born Dec. 17, 18 — , in England.
He was dean of the first conservatory
of music in Cali
fornia. He is the
founder of the King
Conservatory of Mu
sic of San Jose, Cal.,
where he has been
a most successful
teacher of the piano
forte for many
years. He has made
many pianists of the
first order; and is a
composer and di
rector of the high
est class. The advancement of music as
an art, and the dissemination of all that
is best and refining in music, has ever
been attributed to his influence in Santa
Clara county, and from there extending
more or less all over the state of Cali
fornia.
KING, GEORGE C., congressman, was
born in Rhode Island. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Rhode Island
from 1849 to 1853; and was presidential
•elector in 1849. HP died July 17, 1870, in
Newport, R. I.
KING, GRACE ELIZABETH, author,
was born in 1859, in New Orleans, La.
She is a popular writer or New Orleans
and the author of Monsieur Motte; Tales
of a Time and Place; Earthlings; New
Orleans, tne Place and the People; Jean
Baptiste Lemoine, Founder of New Or
leans; and Balcony Stories.
KING, HENRY, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born in Hampden.Mass.
He was a member of the senate of Penn
sylvania, when elected a representative
in the twenty-second congress. He was
re-elected to the twenty-third congress.
He died July 13, 1861.
KING, HENRY MELVILLE, clergy
man, author, was born Sept. 3, 1838. in
Oxford. Maine. He is a baptist clergy
man, and since 1891 pastor of the First
Baptist church of Providence, R. I. He
is the author of Early Baptists Defended;
Mary's Alabaster Box, a collection of
homilies; and Our Gospels.
KING. HORATIO, postmaster-general
of United States, author, was born June
21, 1811, in Paris, Maine. In 1854 he was
appointed first assistant postmaster-gen
eral, and from President Buchanan he re
ceived the appointment of postmaster-
general. He was the autnor of Sketches
of Travel, or Twelve Months in Europe;
and Turning on the Light, a Survey of
the Administration of Buchanan. He
died in 1897.
KING, HORATIO COLLINS, journalist,
author, was born Dec. 22, 1837, in Port
land, Maine. He is a journalist of New
York city, and tne author of Guide for
Regimental Courts Martial; The Brook
lyn Congregational Council; and The Ply
mouth Silver Wedding.
KING. .1. FIXDYD, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 20, 1842, near
St. Mary's, Ga. He entered the confed
erate army and served throughout the
war. attaining the rank of colonel. He
was appointed brigadier-general of mil
itia in Louisiana. He was elected a rep
resentative from Louisiana to the forty-
sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth, and
forty-ninth congresses as a democrat.
KING. JAMES, merchant, banker, con
gressman, was born May 8, 1791, in
Highwood, N. J. He was a representa
tive in congress from New Jersey from
1849 to 1851. He died Oct. 3, 1853, in
Highwood, N. J.
KING. JAMES L.. librarian, was born
Aug. 2, 1850. in La Harpe, 111. In 1871 he
moved to Topeka', Kan.; and in 1894 was
elected state librarian.
KING. JAMES WILSON, naval engi
neer, author, was born in Maryland, rte
is a naval engineer, chief of the bureau of
steam engineering in 1869-73; and the
author of P>uropean Ships of War; and
The War Ships and Navies of the World.
KING, JEANNETTE, HARRIET, edu
cator, artist, poet, was born March 29,
1829, in Cheshire, Conn. She received her
education in the
Youns Ladies' Se-
lect school of her
native city. She is
the wife of James
W. King, the cele
brated portrait
painter, who died in
1877. Mrs. King has
attained success in
art; and has given
instruction in music,
embroidering, and
in painting. Since
her youth she has contributed extensively
to current periodicals; and her poems
have received recognition in Poets of
America and other standard collections.
KING, JOHN, congressman, was born
in 1775. He served in congress as a repre
sentative from New York from 1831 to
1833. He died Sept. 1, 1836, in New Leb
anon, N. Y.
KING, JOHN A., agriculturist, state
senator, congressman, governor, was born
Jan. 3, 1788, in New York. He was a
member of the New York assembly from
1819 to 1821; was again elected in 1832
and in 1840 from Queens county; and in
1823 was elected to the state senate. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1849 to 1851; and was
governor of New York from 1856 to 1858.
He died July 7, 1867, in Jamaica, L. I.
KING, JOHN CROOKSHANKS, sculp
tor, was born Oct. 11, 1806, in Scotland.
From 1837 till 1840 he resided in New
Orleans, modeling busts of public men
and making cameo likenesses. He died
April 21, 1882, in Boston, Mass.
KING, JOHN PENDLETON, United
States senator, was born April 3, 1799,
near Glasgow, Ky. He was a senator in
congress from Georgia from 1833 to 1837.
He died March 19, 1888, in Augusta, Ga.
KING, JOHN WILLIAM, portrait
painter, was born Feb. 8, 1832, in Roches
ter, N. Y. He attained success as a por
trait painter; and
was known as one of
the most talented
artists of the south.
His pictures have
become celebrated;
and his portrait 01
General Lee alone
would have made
his reputation. It
was exhibited at the
Cotton exhibition at
Atlanta, Ga. The
picture of General
Lee is noticeable for the strength and
purity of color; and the careful work of
its detail. It was commenced while the
army was in camp at Hamilton Crossing,
after the battle of Fredericksburg; and
was completed at Richmond, Va. He died
Oct. 15, 1877.
KING, JONAS, missionary, author, was
born July 29, 1792, in Boston, Mass. He
was a congregational missionary in
Greece who has lived at Athens since 1831.
He was the author of Classical Greek,
French, and Arabic; The Defence of
Jonas King; Exposition of an Apostolic
Church; Hermeneutics of the Sacred
Scriptures; Sermons; Synoptical View of
Palestine: and Miscellaneous Works.
He died May 22, 1869, in Athens, Greece.
KING, JOSHUA INGERSOLL, state
senator, was born in 1801, in Ridgefle^,
Conn. He represented his district as sen
ator in the Connecticut legislature of
1849. He died July 30, 1887, in Ridge-
field, Conn.
KING. LOUISE WOODWARD, author,
was born July 6, 1850, in Sand Hills.
Maine. She established in Georgia the
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals, and was the founder of the
Louise King Home for widows in Au
gusta. She contributed several sketches
and poems to periodicals. She died Dec.
7, 1878, in Augusta, Ga.
KING, MITCHELL, educator, lawyer,
jurist, lecturer, author, was born June 8,
1783, in Scotland. He was judge of the
Charleston city court in 1819, and again
in 1842-44. In 1830-32 he was an active
opponent of nullification. He was the au
thor of many essays and addresses, in
cluding one before the state agricultural
society at Columbia on The Culture of
the Olive. He died Nov. 12, 1862. in Flat
Rock. N. C.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
557
KING, NATHAN G.. state senator. In
1873-74 he represented his county with
ability and marked fidelity in the Michi
gan state senate,
and throughout his
life has maintained
a high social stand
ing and counted as
his associates the
best men, public and
private. He is pres
ident of the Farm
er's bank of Brook
lyn, Mich., and is
prominent in the
public affairs of his
city, county and
state. He also contributes valuable arti
cles to the periodical press and the lead
ing magazines of the United States.
KING, PERKINS, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born Jan. 12,
1784, in New Marlborough, Mass. In 1826
he was made judge of Greene county;
and held the position until 1850. He
served two terms in the state legislature;
and was a representative in congress
from New York from 1829 to 1831. He
died Nov. 29, 1875, in Greene county, N. Y.
KING, PRESTON, lawyer, journalist,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Oct. 14, 1806, in Ogdensburg, N. Y.
He was a member of the New York leg
islature from 1835-38; was a representa
tive in congress from New York from
1843 to 1847, and again from 1849 to 1853.
In 1857 he was elected a senator in con
gress, which position he retained until
1863. He was drowned Nov. 12, 1865, in
the Hudson river.
KING. RIJFUS, lawyer, congressman.
United States senator, was born March
24, 1755, in Scarborougn, Maine. He was
elected from New-
bury, Mass., to the
state legislature;
and in 1784 was
elected a delegate to
congress at Trenton.
Moving to New
York city in 1778, he
was in 1789 elected
a senator in con
gress; and was
again elected to the
same position in
1813, remaining in
that capacity until 18^5. He died April
29, »827, in New York city.
KING, RUFUS, soldier, civil engineer,
journalist, was born Jan. 26. 1814, in New
York city. He moved to Wisconsin and
edited the Milwaukee Sentinel until 1861.
He commanded a division at Fredericks-
burg, Groveton, Manassas, Yorktown and
Fairfax; and resigned in 1863. He died
Oct. 13, 1876, in New York city.
KING, RUFUS, lawyer, author, was
born in 1817, in Ohio. He was a promi
nent lawyer of Cincinnati, and the author
of History of Ohio. He died in 1891.
KING, RUFUS H., baniter, congress
man, was born in 1784, in Ridgefield,
Conn, tie was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1855 to 1857.
He wag subsequently president of the
New York State National bank at Al
bany; and also of the Albany Insurance
company. He died July 9, 1867, in Al
bany, N. Y.
KING, SAMUEL, artist, was born Jan.
24, 1749, in Newport, R. I. He was an
artist of skill in his day, and many speci
mens of his work are extant, including a
portrait of himself, which is now in pos
session of a descendant. He died Jan.
1, 1820, in Newport, R. I.
KING, SAMUEL G., author, poet, was
born May 2, 1816, in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1876 he was elected mayor of Philadel
phia. He is the authdr of numerous
poems. Among his best known are Faith,
Hope and Charity; Birds and Flowers;
To Fortune; and other works.
KING, SAMUEL W., governor. He was
elected lieutenant-governor of Rhode
Island in 1839; soon became the acting
governor; and from 1840 to 1843 was gov
ernor of the state by election.
KING, THOMAS BUTLER, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Aug.
27, 1804, in Hampden, Mass. In the years
1832, 1834, 1835, and 1837 he was a member
of the Georgia state senate. He was a
representative in congress from Georgia
from 1839 to 1843; again from 1845 to
1847; and for another term ending with
1849; and in 1859 was elected a senator in
the state legislature. He died May 10,
1864, near Waresborough, Ga.
KING, THOMAS D., soldier, state leg
islator, was born Sept. 22, 1779, in Dup-
lin county, N. C. He was frequently
elected to the legislature, in which he
served in both houses. He became major
in the forty-third United States infantry
in 1813, and remained in the service until
peace was declared in 1815. He died Feb.
24, 1854, in Tuscaloosa, Ala.
KING, THOMAS STARR, clergyman,
lecturer, author, was born Dec. 17, 1824,
in New York city. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Bos
ton in 1845-56, and
of San Francisco for
the remainder of his
life. He was the au
thor of Substance
and Show; Chris
tianity and Human
ity, with a Memoir
by E. P. Whipple;
The White Hills, a
volume of travel in
the White Moun
tains; and Patriot
ism, and Other Papers. He died March 4,
1863, in New York city.
KING, WILLIAM, state legislator, gov
ernor, was born Feb. 9, 1768, in Scarbor
ough, Maine. He was a member of the
Massachusetts legislature for some years.
He was president of the convention
which framed the constitution or Maine,
and was its first governor in 1820
and 1821. He was United States
commissioner for the adjustment of Span
ish claims from 1821 to 1824; and was
general of militia and collector of cus
toms at Bath from 1831 to 1834. He died
June 17, 1852, in Bath, Maine.
KING, WILLIAM FLETCHER, third
president 'of Cornell college, was born
Dec. 20, 1830, near Zanesville, Ohio. In
1857 he graduated
from the classical
course of the Ohio
Wesleyan univer
sity; and for five
years was employed
as a teacher in that
institution. In 1862
he was elected to the
chair of the Greek
and Latin languages
in Cornell college of
Mount Vernon.Iowa,
which position he
held until the death of President Fellows
in 1863. He then took charge of the col
lege as acting president, and was formally
elected president in 1865. He still holds
that office, making him not only the sen
ior college president of Iowa, but as far
as known, the oldest in continued presi
dency in the same institution in Amer
ica. For a third of a century he has been
laboring to enlarge the scope and use
fulness of Cornell college, and to advance
the interests of its students. He has
traveled extensively in America and Eu
rope, and is a man of affairs as well as of
scholarship. He was a member of the
national commission of the World's Co
lumbian exposition; has been three times
elected to the general conference of the
methodist episcopal church. He is a vig
orous speaker and a graceful writer; and
his published papers and addresses have
been well received.
KING, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, congressman, was
born in June, 1863, in Fillmore City, Utah.
In 1882 he was elect
ed to various offices
in Fillmore City and
Millard county. He
was elected a mem
ber of the Utah leg
islature in 1885, and
re-elected two years
later. In 1891 he
was elected to the
territorial legisla
ture, and was select
ed as president of
the council or upper
house. He was also elected county attor
ney of Utah county, and served in that
capacity for four years; was city attorney
of Provo City for a number of years; and
in 1894 was appointed associate justice
of the supreme court of Utah, tie was
elected to fhe fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
KING, WILLIAM RUFUS, vice-presi
dent of the United States, was born April
6, 1786, in Sampson county, N. C. He was
a representative in
congress from his
native state from
1811 to 1816. In 1819
was elected a sen
ator in congress
from Alabama,
where he continued
until 1844. In 1846
he was again elect
ed to the United
States senate, where
he remained until
elected vice-presi
dent of the United States in 1852. During
the twenty-fourth, twenty-fifth, twenty-
sixth, thirty-first, and thirty-second con
gresses he officiated as president pro
tern, of the senate, and as a presiding
officer commanded universal respect. He
died April 18, 1853, in Cahawba, Ala.
KING, WILLIAM RUFUS, civil engi
neer, author, was born in 1839, in New
York. He is an engineering officer in the
United States army; and the author of
Torpedoes, their Invention and Use; and
Materials for Defensive Armor.
KING, WILLIAM S., journalist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 16, 1828, in Ma-
lone, N. Y. In 1858 he removed to Min
neapolis, Minn., and established the State
Atlas; and was subsequently elected post
master of the national house of repre
sentatives for the thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth, fortieth, forty-first, and forty-sec
ond congresses; and the forty-fourth con
gress as a republican.
KING, WILLIAM STERLING, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, was born Oct. 6,
1818, in New York city. In 1855 he was
elected a member of the Massachusetts
legislature. At the beginning of the civil
war he was commissioned captain in the
thirty-fifth Massachusetts regiment, and
in 1865 was made brigadier-general of
volunteers. He died June 29, 1882, in
Roxbury, Mass.
558
HERRIXGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KING, YELVERTON P., lawyer, state
legislator, was born in 1794, in Greene
-county, Ga. In 1830 he was made state
superintendent of public lands; was fre
quently elected to the Georgia legislature;
and was a presidential elector in 1840.
He died Aug. 5, 1868, in Greene county,
Ga.
KINGSBURY, JACOB, soldier, was born
in 1755, in Norwich, Conn. He entered
the continental army as a private In 1775,
served in Wayne's Indian campaign, and
was appointed lieutenant of infantry in
1789. He rose by regular promotion to
the rank of inspector-general. He ciied
July 1, 1837, in Franklin, Mo.
KINGSBURY, JOSEPH THOMAS, edu
cator, college president, was born Nov.
4, 1853. in North Weber, Utah. He has
filled the chair of chemistry and physics
in me university of Utah for many years
past; and has been vice-president of that
institution, and is now its honored presi
dent.
KINGSBURY, WILLIAM W., state leg
islator, congressman, was born June 4.
1828, in Towanda. Pa. He moved to Min
nesota, and in the year 1855 was elected
a member of the Minnesota legislature.
and again in 1856. In 1857 he was dele
gate to the convention for framing a con
stitution for Minnesota; was elected a
delegate to the thirty-fifth congress.
KINGSFORD. THOMAS, inventor, was
born Sept. 29. 1799, in Kent, England. He
was the inventor of the manufacture of
corn starch, founder
of the O s w e g o
Starch factory, and
originator of one of
America's great in
dustries. He was
the first man to sug
gest the manufac
ture of starch from
Indian corn. The >
first lot of corn
starch ever prepared
for the general mar
ket was produced by
Mr. Kingsford in 1842.
KINGSFORD. THOMSON, manufac
turer, was born April 4, 1828, in England.
All the machinery of the factory of T.
Kingsford and Son, at Bergen. N. J., was
designed, made and set up by Thomson
Kingsford, and, during the remainder of
his father's life, he aided actively in the
management of the starch industry, most
of the mechanical improvements originat
ing with him.
KINGSLEY, MRS. ADELAIDE D., au
thor, poet, was born in 1843 in Canada.
'She is a successful writer of Blue Earth
City, Minn.; the author of a story en
titled Heart or Purse; and a volume of
poems.
KINGSLEY, CALVIN, bishop, author,
was born in 1812. in Annsville, N. Y. He
was a methodist bishop, and the author of
The Resurrection of the Dead; and Hound
the World. He died April 6, 1870, in
Syria.
KINGSLEY, JAMES LUCE, educator,
author, was born Aug. 28, 1778, in Wind-
ham, Conn. He was the author of numer
ous valuable articles on historical sub
jects. He also published a History of
Yale College; and several biographical
and historical works. He died Aug. 31,
1852, in New Haven. Conn.
KINGSLEY, W. J. P.. physician, sur
geon, banker, was born in 1824, in Utica,
N. Y. He attended the Whitestown sem
inary; the Geneva Medical college; and the.
New York Medical college, from which
latter institution he received his degree of
M. D. He has obtained success as a phy
sician and surgeon of Rome, N. Y., and
is widely known as a specialist in the
treatment of malignant growths. He has
been president of the Farmers' National
bank; president of the Central New York
Institute for Deaf Mutes: president of the
Rome Cemetery association; and vice-
president of the Rome Brass and Copper
company; mayor of his city; and is
prominently identified with the business
and public 'affairs of Rome, N. Y.
KINKEAD, JOHN H.. merchant, gov
ernor, was born Dec. 10, 1826, in Smith-
field, Pa. He was treasurer of Nevada
territory for three years; and was a mem
ber of the constitutional convention
which framed the constitution under
which Nevada was admitted as a state.
He was nominated for governor of Ne
vada in 1878. without solicitation; was
elected and served four years — from 1879
to 1883; and in the latter year was ap
pointed governor of the district of Alas
ka.
KINLOCH, CLELAND, planter, state
legislator, inventor, was born in 1759, in
Charleston, S. C. He served frequently in
the state legislature; was a delegate to
the conventions of 1787 and 1790; also
holding other offices. He was among the
most successful rice planters in the state,
and one of the first to adopt the tide
water cultivation and the new pounding
and threshing machinery, and to encour
age inventions and improvements. He
died Sept. 23, 1823, in Acton, S. C.
KINLOCH, FRANCIS, congressman,
was born March 7, 1755, in Charleston, S.
C. He was a delegate from South Caro
lina to the continental congress from
1780 to 1781. He died Feb. 8, 1826, in
Charleston, S. C.
KINLOCH, ROBERT ALEXANDER,
educator, physician, surgeon, inventor,
was born Feb. 20, 1826, in Charleston, S.
C. Since 1867 he has been professor of
surgery in the medical college of South
Carolina. In 1876 he was a delegate to
the international medical congress. He
has invented several surgical instruments
and appliances, chiefly urethrotome stone
pessaries. He was the first in the United
States to reset the knee joint for chronic
disease.
KINNARD, GEORUE L., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Indiana from 1833 to 1837. He died Nov.
26, 1838, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
KINNE, AARON, clergyman, author,
was born in 1745, in Lisbon, Conn. He
was ordained in 1770, and Had charge of
a congregational church in Groton, Conn.
He published The honship of Christ; A
Display of Scripture Prophesies; Explana
tion of the Types, Revelation, etc.; and
An Essay on the New Heaven and Earth.
He died July 9, 1824, in Talmadge, Ohio.
KINNERSLEY, EBENEZER, electri
cian, educator, inventor, was born Nov. 30.
1711, in England. He was electrician and
professor of English and natural philos
ophy in the college of Philadelphia from
1753 to 1773. In 1757 he invented an elec
trical thermometer, and that year was the
first to prove that heat could be produced
by electricity. He died July 4, 1778, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
KINNEY, CLESSON S., lawyer, author,
was born Dec. 5, 1859, in East Townsend,
Ohio. He has become prominent in the
"profession of law, and is the author of
Kinney on Irrigation.
KINNEY. COATES, lawyer, author,
poet, was born Nov. 24, 1826. in Penn Yan,
N. Y. He is an Ohio lawyer and journal
ist, and the author of Keuka. and Other
Poems; and Lyrics of the Real and Ideal.
The Rain Upon the Roof is his most fam
iliar poem.
KINNEY, MRS. ELIZABETH CLE
MENTINE [DODGE] [Sl'EDMAN], au
thor, poet, was born Dec. 18, 1810, in
New York city. She was a poet of New
ark, N. J., but resident in Italy in 1850-65.
and the author of Felicita: Poems; Bi-
anca Capello: a Tragedy. She died Nov.
19, 1889, in Summit, N. J.
KINNEY, JOHN FITCH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born April 2, 1816, in
New Haven, N. Y. In 1853 he was ap
pointed chief justice of the supreme court
of Utah, and went to that territory in
1854. In 1857 he moved to Nebraska'ter-
ritory; and in 1860 was again appointed
chief justice of Utah, holding that office
until 1863, when he was elected a delegate
from Utah to the thirty-eighth congress.
KINNEY. JONATHAN KENDRICK.
soldier, lawyer, author, was born Oct. 26.
1843, in Royalston, Vt. He served in the
volunteer army in the civil war, and at
its close engaged in business in the west.
He has published A Digest of the Deci
sions of the Supreme Court of the United
States; and edited the Law of Railways.
KINNEY, NARCISSA EDITH WHITE,
educator, temperance worker, was born
July 24, 1854, in Grove City, Pa. She re-
_ ceived her education
:j:;v in the Grove City
-2JL academy, and at the
Jjjj • Edinboro State Nor-
JB ^^fc mal school, Pa. She
2 has been teacher
¥ >~^ *| R and superintendent
I in the training de-
__• ]^4 \ g partment of the
Pennsylvania state
Normal school; and
for several years
was institute in
structor. She is a
national lecturer and organizer of the
Woman's Christian Temperance union;
has been state secretary of the Chautau-
qua association; director of the Oregon
Summer school; and president of the
State Woman's Cnristian Temperance
union of Oregon.
KINNEY. THOMAS TALMADGE, ed
itor and proprietor of the Newark Daily
Advertiser, was born Aug. 13, 1827, in
Newark, N. J. He is editor and proprietor
of the Newark Daily Advertiser. He was
one of the projectors of the Newark Board
of Trade and a delegate from that body
to a convention in Philadelphia which or
ganized the National Board of Trade.
KINNEY, WILLIAM BIIRNET, jour
nalist, diplomat, was born Sept. 4, 1799.
in Speedwell, N. Y. He was connected
with the press of New Jersey, and in 1850
was appointed charge d'affaires to Sar
dinia, where he remained until 1853. He
died Oct. 21, 1880. in Speedwell.
KINSELLA, THOMAS, journalist, con
gressman, was born in 1832, in Ireland.
He held the local offices in Brooklyn of
water commissioner and member of the
board of education; and was nominated
as postmaster of that city in 1866, and
again in 1867, but was rejected by the
senate. He was elected to the forty-sec
ond congress from New York as a demo
crat. He died Feb. 11, 1884. in Brooklyn.
N. Y.
KINSEY, CHARLES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1817 to 1819, and from
1820 to 1821.
KINSEY, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 22, 1731, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a delegate from
New Jersey to the continental congress
from 1774 to 1775, when he resigned his
seat. In 1789 he was appointed chief jus
tice of New jersey, hie died Jan. 3, 1802.
in Burlington, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN' BIOGRAPHY.
559
KINSEY, JOHN, jurist, journalist, state
legislator, author, was born in 1693, in
Philadelphia, Pa. Up to 1730 Kinsey re
sided in New Jersey, where he served in
the assembly; but after this date he. lived
in Philadelphia, and in the same year
was chosen to the assembly of Pennsyl
vania. He was attorney-general of the
province from 1738 tul 1741, and in 1743
was appointed chief justice, which post
Tie held until his death. He published
Laws of New Jersey, 1733. He died May
11, 1750, in Burlington, N. .1.
KINSEY, WILLIAM M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Mount Pleasant,
Ohio. Since 1875 he has been actively en
gaged in the practice of law in St. Louis,
Mo. He was elected to the fifty-first con
gress as a republican.
KINSLEY, MARTIN, soldier, jurist,
congressman, was born June 2, 1754, in
Bridgewater. Mass. He served in the leg
islature of Massachusetts about thirty
years; was also at different periods a
member of the state council, a judge of
the court of common pleas, and judge of
probate; and was a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts from 1819 to
1821. He died June 20, 1835.
KINSOLVING, GEORGE HERBERT,
bishop of Texas, was born April 28, 1849,
in Bedford county, Va. In 188 1 he was
•elected missionary bishop of western
'Texas.
KINZIE, JOHN, founder of Chicago,
was born in 1763, in Quebec, Canada. In
1804 he established a trading post on tne
site of the present city of Chicago, where
he was the first white settler, and he sub
sequently founded others on Rock, Illi
nois, and Kankakee rivers. He died Jan.
•6, 1828, in Chicago, 111.
KINZIE, MRS. JULIETTE AUGUSTA
[MAGILL], author, was born in 1806, in
•Connecticut. She was a novelist of Chi-
•cago, and the author of Wau-bun, or the
Early Day in the Northwest; Walter
•Ogilby; and Mark Logan.
KIP. LEONARD, lawyer, author, was
born Sept. 13, 1826, in New York city.
He was a lawyer of Albany, and the au
thor of California Sketches; The Volcano
Diggings; /Enone. a Roman Tale; The
Dead Marquise; Hannibal's Man, and
•Other Tales; Under the Bells, a romance;
Nestlenook, a novel; At Cobweb and
•Crusty's; Thaloe; The Puntacooset Col
ony; Three Pines; and A Tale of the In-
•credible.
KIP, WILLIAM INGRAHAM, bishop,
author, was born Oct. 3, 1811, in New
York city. He was the first protestant
episcopal bishop of California in 1853-93.
He was the author of Double Witness of
the Church; Lenten Fasts; Early Con
flicts of Christianity; Christmas Holidays
in Rome; Catacombs of Rome; Early Jes
uit Missions in North America; Recanta
tion, an Italian tale; The Unnoticed
'Things of Scripture: The Church of the
Apostles; and The Olden Time in New
York. He died April 6, 1893, in San
Francisco, Cal.
KIRBY, EDMUND, soldier, was born
in 1840, in Brownville, N. i. He was
made first lieutenant on May 14, 1861,
and was given the commission of briga
dier-general of volunteers, to date from
May 23, 1863. He died May 28, 1863, in
Washington, D. C.
KIRBY, EDWARD P., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Oct. 28, 1833, in
Hadley. 111. For two terms he was tne
county judge of Morgan county, 111. He
served as a -member of the Illinois state
legislature.
KIRBY. EPHRAIM. soldier, jurist, leg
islator, author, was born Feb. 23, 1757, in
Litchfield, Conn. He served at the battle
of Bunker Hill, and remained in active
service until the Declaration of Independ
ence. He published a volume of Reports
of the Decisions of the Superior Court
and Court of Errors, which was the first
of that character published in Connecti
cut, and probably in the United States.
From 1791 to 1804 he was a representa
tive in the legislature. After the acqui
sition of Louisiana he was appointed a
judge of the newly organized territory of
Orleans. He died Oct. 2, 1804, in Stod-
dard, Miss.
KIRBY, J. HUDSON, actor, was born
April 3, 1819, in New Jersey. During sev
eral years Kirby was engaged as leading
performer at the Chatham btreet National
theater. Here he met with remarkable
popularity in the dramas Six Degrees of
Crime; The Surgeon of Paris; The Car
penter of Rouen; and others, that ran
nightly for several seasons. He died in
1848, in England.
KIRBY, REYNOLD MARVIN, soldier,
was born March 10, 1790, in Litchfield.
Conn. He entered the army in 1813, and
received the brevets of first lieutenant
and captain for gallantry in the siege of
Fort Erie. He became captain of artil
lery in 1824, and brevet major in tne same
year. He died Oct. 7, 1842, in Fort Sul
livan, Maine.
KIRCHHOFF, CHARLES WILLIAM
HENRY, mining engineer, journalist, was
born March 28, 1853, in San Francisco,
Cal. In 1886 he was made assistant ed
itor of the Iron Age, and he became its
editor in 1887. He has since 1882 pre
pared annually for the Mineral Resources
of the United States chapters on certain
of the heavier metals.
KIRCHNER, OTTO, lawyer, educator,
was born July 13. 1846, in Germany. Dur
ing 1877-81 he was attorney-general of
Michigan. In 1885 he was appointed pro
fessor of law at Ann Arbor, and served
one year; and in 1893 was re-appointed
to the same position.
KIRK, EDWARD NORRIS, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 14, 1802, in New
York city. He was a congregational cler
gyman of Boston, pastor of the Mount
Vernon church in 1842-74, and the author
of Sermons; The Parables of Our Lord;
Lectures on Revivals; Canon of the Holy
Scripture; The Waiting Saviour; and
Christian Sympathy Awakened. He died
March 27, 1874, in Boston, Mass.
KIRK, EDWARD N., soldier, was born
Feb. 29, 1828, in Jefferson county, Ohio.
He organized the thirty-fourth Illinois
regiment; and commanded a brigade at
Shiloh, and at the siege of Corinth, on
Nov. 29, 1862, and was appointed briga
dier-general of volunteers. He died July
26, 1863.
KIRK, MRS. ELLEN WARNER [OL-
NEY]— HENRY HAYES— author, was
born Nov. 6, 1842, in Southington,
Conn. She is a popular novelist of
Germantown, Philadelphia, and the au
thor of Through Winding Ways; A
Midsummer Madness; Walford; The
Story of Margaret Kent; Sons and
Daughters; Love in Idleness; A Lesson in
Love; Fairy Gold; Queen Money; Better
Times, short stories; A Daughter of Eve:
Narden's Choosing; Ciphers: and The
Story of Lawrence Garthe.
KIRK, JAMES WILLIAM, journalist,
was born in 1848. in Byron, N. Y. He was
educated in the public schools of his na
tive city; at Batavia academy; and at the
Rockford State Normal school. Early in
life lie was engaged in mercantile busi
ness and school teaching. In 1871 he
moved to East St. Louis, 111., where for
twenty years he has been the editor of the
Daily Journal, of which he is now the
principal owner. He has taken a promi
nent part in public affairs, and has held
numerous offices of trust and honor.
KIRK, JOHN FOSTER, author, was
born March 22, 1824, in t redericktown.
N. B. He was the secretary to the historian
Prescott for eleven years, and since 1885
lecturer on European history at the uni
versity of Pennsylvania. He is the au
thor of History of Charles the Bold; and
Supplement to Allibone's Dictionary.
KIRK, JOHN R., lawyer, educator, was
born Jan. 21, 1851, in Bureau county, 111.
He received the rudiments of his edu
cation in the public
schools of Missouri;
graduated from the
State Normal school
of Kirksville; at
tended the universi
ties of Missouri and
Kansas; and at
tained proficiency in
Latin, Greek, sci
ence and mathemat
ics. He has been
county commission
er of schools of Har
rison county; for eight years was super
intendent of schools of Bethany; for
seven years was connected with the prin
cipal schools of Kansas City; and since
1894 has been state superintendent of pub
lic schools for the state of Missouri.
KIRKBRIDE, THOMAS STORY, physi
cian, author, was born July 31, 1809, in
Morrisville, Pa. He was a physician of
Philadelphia, who was superintendent of
the Pennsylvania hospital for the insane
in 1840-83. He was the author of Appeal
for the Insane; Essays on Insanity; and
Construction of Hospitals for the Insane.
He died Dec. 16, 1883, in Philadelphia, Pa.
KIRKER, THOMAS, governor. He was
acting governor of Ohio in 1807.
KIRKHAM, RALPH WILSON, soldier,
was born Feb. 20, 1821, in Springfield,
Mass. During the civil war he served as
chief quartermaster and was brevetted
brigadier-general of the United States
army.
KIRKLAND, MRS. CAROLINE MA
TILDA [STANSBURYJ, author, was born
Jan. 12, 1801, in New York city. She was
a once popular writer of New York city,
and the author of A New Home; Who'll
Follow?; Western Clearings; Fireside
Talks on Morals and Manners; Holidays
Abroad; A Book for the Home Circle; and
l<orest Life. She died April 6, 18bi, m
New York city.
KIRKLAND, ELIZABETH STANS-
BURY, educator, author, was born in 1828,
in New York. She was an educator of
Chicago, and the author of Six Little
Cooks; Dora's Housekeeping; Speech and
Manners for Home and School; and Short
Histories of English Literature, France,
England, Italy, for Young People. She
died in 1896.
KIRKLAND, JOHN THORNTON, cler
gyman, author, was born Aug. 17, 1770,
in Geneva, N. Y. He was a Unitarian
clergyman who was president of Harvard
university in 1810-2 /; and the author of
Life of Fisher Ames; and Eulogy of Gen
eral Washington, he died April 24, 1840,
in Boston, Mass.
KIRKLAND, JOSEPH, mayor, con
gressman, was born in 1771, in Old Nor
wich, Conn. He served frequently in the
New York state legislature; and was a
representative in congress from New
York from 1821 to 1823. He died Jan. 26,
1844. in Utica, N. f.
560
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AA'ICRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KIRKLAND, JOSEPH, soldier, lawyer,
author, was born jan. 7, 1830, in Geneva,
N. Y. He was a lawyer of Chicago, who
was a major in the federal army during
the civil war. His two novels of pioneer
life in Illinois, Zury; and The McVeys, are
notably faithful, graphic studies. His
other writings include, The Captain of
Company K; The Story of Chicago; and
Story of the Chicago Massacre of 1812.
KIRKLAND, SAMUEL, clergyman,
missionary, was born Dec. 1, 1741, in Nor
wich, Conn. He was the founder of Ham
ilton college. He was a successful cler
gyman and missionary to the Indians of
Oneida county, N. Y. He died Feb. 28,
1808, in Clinton, N. Y.
KIRKLAND, WILLIAM, educator,
journalist, author, was born in 1810, in
Utica, N. Y. At the time of his death he
was editor of the New York Evening Mir
ror. Besides many other contributions to
periodical literature, he was the author
of a series of Letters from Abroad, which
were never collected in book form. He
died Oct. 19, 1846, in Fishkill, N. \.
KIRKMAN, MARSHALL MONROE, au
thor, was born July 10, 1842, in Illinois.
He was the vice-president of the Chicago
and Northwestern railway, and the au-
tnor of Railway Disbursements; Railway
Revenue; Railway Service; Baggage Car
Traffic; Railway Expenditures; Handling
of Railway Supplies; Railway Rates and
Government Control; and How to Collect
Railway Revenues without Loss.
K1RKPATRICK, ANDREW, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born Feb. 17, 1756,
in Mine Brook, N. J. In 1797 he was a
member of the New Jersey assembly; was
a judge of the supreme court; and dur
ing 1803-24 was chief justice. He died
Jan. 7, 1831, in New Brunswick, N. J.
KIRKPATRICK, ANDREW, lawyer, ju
rist, was born Oct. 8, 1844, in Washing
ton, D. C. He was president judge of the
court of common pleas of Essex county,
N. J., for eleven years; and in 1896 was
made judge of the United States district
court.
KIRKPATRICK, JANE BAYARD, au
thor, was born July 12, 1772, in Philadel
phia, Pa. She is the author of The Light
of Other Days, edited by her daughter,
Mrs. Jane E. Cogswell. She died Feb. 16,
1851, in New Brunswick, N. J.
KIRKPATRICK, JOHN LYCAN, cler
gyman, college president, was born Jan.
20, 1813, in Mecklenburg county, N. C. In
1861 he became president of Davidson col
lege, North Carolina, anu in 1866 he was
elected to the chair of moral philosophy
in Washington college, Lexington, Va.,
under the presidency of General Robert
E. Lee. He died June 24, 1885, in Lex
ington, Va.
KIRKPATRICK, LITTLETON, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 19, 1797,
in New Brunswick, N. J. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New Jersey
from 1843 to 1845; and was also for five
years surrogate of the county of Middle
sex. He died Aug. 15, 1859, in Saratoga
Springs, N. Y.
KIRKPATRICK, SNYDER S., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Jan.
27, 1848, in Franklin county. 111. He was
elected county attorney of Wilson county,
Kan., in 1879, and served for a period of
two years; was elected to the state sen
ate from the twelfth senatorial district,
composed of the counties of Wilson and
Neosho. and served in that capacity for a
term of four years; and was elected to
the fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
KIRKPATRICK. WILLIAM, congress
man, was born in November, 1768, in Am-
well, N. J. In 1806 he moved to Salina, N.
Y., and became superintendent of the
Salt Springs. He was a representative in
congress from 1807 to 1809 from New
York. He died Sept. 2, 1832, in Salina,
N. Y.
KIRKPATRICK, WILLIAM SEBRING,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
April 21, 1844, in Easton, Pa. He was ap
pointed president judge of the third judi
cial district of Pennsylvania in the early
part of 1874 to fill an unexpired term,
and served in said office until January,
1875. He was appointed attorney-general
of Pennsylvania in 1887, and served as
such till 1891. He was elected to the fif
ty-fifth congress as a republican.
KIRKWOOD, DANIEL, astronomer, au
thor, was born Sept. 27, 1814, in Braden-
baugh, Md. He was an astronomer of
distinction, professor in Indiana univer
sity since 1850, and the author of Meteor
ic Astronomy; Comets and Meteors; and
Asteroids and Minor Planets between
Mars and Jupiter.
KIRKWOOD, JAMES PUGH, civil en
gineer, was born March 27, 1807, in Scot
land. For several years he was United
States constructing engineer for the
docks, hospital, and workshops at Pensa-
cola, Fla., and afterward was general su
perintendent of the Erie railroad. He
died April 22, 1877, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
KIRKWOOD, ROBERT, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 25, 1793, in Paisley,
Scotland. He was a presbyterian clergy
man of Yonkers, and the author of Lec
tures on the Millennium; Universalism
Explained; A Plea for the Bible; and Il
lustration of the Offices of Christ. He
died Aug. 26, 1866, in Yonkers, N. Y.
KIRKWOOD, SAMUEL JORDAN, law
yer, governor, United States senator, was
born Dec. 20, 1813, in Hartford county,
Md. He moved to Iowa in 1855; was elect
ed to the senate of that state in 1856; and
was governor of Iowa from 1860 to 1864.
In 1866 he was elected a senator in con
gress from Iowa to fill a vacancy. In
1875 he was again elected governor of
Iowa; and in 1876 was again elected to the
United States senate for the term com
mencing in 1877 and ending in 1883.
KIRTLAND, DORRANCE, congress
man, was born in New York. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1817 to 1819.
KIRTLAND, JARED POTTER, physi
cian, naturalist, legislator, was born Nov.
10, 1793, in Wallingford, Conn. He be
came an expert in tne cultivation of fruits
and flowers, and a close student of bot
any. In 1828 he was elected to the Ohio
legislature, and served three terms. Dur
ing 1841-64 he was professor of medicine
in the Cleveland Medical college, of which
institution he was one of the founders.
He died Dec. 10, 1877, in Cleveland, Ohio.
KISSAM, RICHARD SHARPE, physi
cian, was born in 1763, in New York city.
He began practice in New York in 1791,
and for thirty years was at the head of
his profession. He was particularly noted
as a lithotomist, only three out of his six
ty-five operations proving fatal. He died
in October, 1822, in New York city.
KISTLER, FRANK M., lawyer, was
born April 25, 1864, in Logansport, Ind.
He graduated from the high school of
Royal Center, Ind., and became a teacher
in that institution. He subsequently took
the scientific course in the Wabash college
of Crawfordsville, Ind. In 188? he was
admitted to the bar; was elected state's
attorney in 1892; and in 1896 was offered
the democratic nomination for congress,
which he declined. He is a prominent
lawyer of Logansport, Ind.; and is promi
nent in the democratic politics of his
state.
KITCHELL, AARON, legislator, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born July 10, 1744, in Hanover, N. J. He
was a representative in congress from
New, Jersey from 1791 to 1793, from 1794
to 1797, and from 1799 to 1801. He was
a senator in congress from 1805 to 1809,
when he resigned. He was also a mem
ber of the state legislature. He died June
25, 1820, in Hanover, N. J.
KITCHEN, BETHUEL M., farmer, leg
islator, state senator, congressman, was.
born March 21, 1812, in Berkeley county,
Pa. In 1861 and 1862 he was elected to the
legislature of Virginia; and in 1863 was
elected a representative from that state
to the thirty-eighth congress, but was not
admitted to his seat. In 1864 he was
elected to the senate of West Virginia;
and in 1866 was elected a representative
from West Virginia to the fortieth con
gress as a republican.
KITCHIN, WILLIAM H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 22. 1837,
in Lauderdale county, Ala. He moved
with his parents to North Carolina
in 1841. He served in the confederate
army; and rose to the rank of captain.
He was elected a representative from
North Carolina to the forty-sixth congress
as a democrat.
KITCHIN, WILLIAM WALTON, jour
nalist, lawyer, congressman, was born
Oct. 9, 1866, near Scotland Neck. N. C.
rife was educated at
Vine Hill academy
and Wake Forest
college, where he
graduated in 1884.
He edited the Scot
land Neck Demo
crat in 1885. After
studying law, first
under his father,
Hon. W. H. Kitchin,
and then at the uni
versity of North
Carolina, he was ad
mitted to the bar in 1887. He located at
Roxboro in 1888, where he still practices
his profession. He was chairman of the
county executive committee in 1890; and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
KITTERA, JOHN W., lawyer, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1791 to
1801, when he was appointed United
States district attorney for the eastern
district of Pennsylvania.
KITTERA, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1826 to 1827.
KITTREDGE, GEORGE W., legislator,
congressman, was born in New Hamp
shire. He was a member of the legisla
ture in 1847, 1851 and 1852, officiating as
speaker in 1852. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1853 to
1855.
KITTREDGE, JONATHAN, temperance
advocate, jurist, state legislator, was born
July 17, 1793, in Canterbury, N. H. He
practiced law in Canaan, N. H., and rep
resented that town in the legislature.
From 1855 till 1859 he was chief justice of
the court of common pleas. He died April
8, 1864, in Concord, N. H.
KITTREDGE, JOSIAH EDWARDS,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 12, 1836,
in Boston, Mass. In 1877 he was installed
pastor of the presbyterian church at Gen-
eseo, N. Y., which position he still holds.
He has published a Year Book of Ser
mon Texts for Children, besides sermons,
lectures and addresses.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
561
KITTREDGE, THOMAS, surgeon, state
legislator, was born in 1746, in Andover,
Mass. He was appointed surgeon in Colo
nel James Frye's regiment in 1775, and
was at the battle of Bunker Hill. He
served in the legislature several terms
and in the council in 1810-11. He died
in October, 1818, in Andover, Mass.
KLAUSER, KARL, music teacher, edit
or of musical works, was born Aug. 24,
1823, in Russia. He edited Half Hours
with the Best Composers, and also with
Theodore Thomas and Professor Paine,
compiled a biographical work entitled Fa
mous Composers.
KLEBER, JOHN C., educator, lawyer,
was born Aug. 1, 1861, in Milwaukee, Wis.
He is a lineal descendant of General Kle-
ber, who fought under Napoleon at
Mount Tabor and in Egypt, at which lat
ter place he was killed. Mr. Kleber re
ceived his education at the Lawrence uni
versity and at the Oshkosh normal
school. For several years he was en
gaged in educational work; and is now a
rising lawyer of Olympia, Wash.
KLEBERG, RUDOLPH, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born June 26, 1847,
in Austin county, Tex. He was elected
to the state senate as a democrat in the
fall of 1882; and was appointed United
States attorney for the western district
of Texas in the fall of 1885, and served
four years. He was elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a democrat.
KLEINER, JOHN J., soldier, educator,
congressman, was born Feb. 8, 1845, in
West Hanover, Pa. He served in the
union army during the civil war. He was
elected a representative from Indiana to
the forty-eighth and forty-ninth con
gresses as a democrat.
KLETZING, HENRY F., educator, li
brarian, was born Nov. 24, 1850, in Fair-
view, Pa. He attended Ursinus college,
Pennsylvania; then
taught school for
five years in Iowa;
and completed his
classical course in
the Northwestern
college of Naper-
ville, 111. For the
past eighteen years
he has been profes
sor of mathematics
in the Northwestern
college, and also its
librarian. He has
received the degree of A. M., and has con
tributed extensively to current literature.
KLINE, MARY RACHEL, educator,
poet, was born Nov. 24, 1843, in Mukwo-
nago, Wis. In her youtn she taught
school; and has attained success as a poet
of Wisconsin. Her poems have constant
ly appeared in the periodical press, and
received recognition in Poets of Ameri
ca and other standard works. For eleven
years she was blind, when the light was
again restored, after many painful oper
ations.
KLINGENSMITH, JOHN, JR., con
gressman, was born in Pennsylvania. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1835 to 1839.
KLOTZ, ROBERT, soldier, congress
man, was born Oct. 27, 1819, in Carbon
county, Pa. He was a lieutenant of vol
unteers in the war with Mexico. He was
a representative in the Pennsylvania state
legislature in 1848 and 1849. He was
elected treasurer of Carbon county in
1859; was elected a trustee of Lehigh uni
versity; and was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses as a democrat.
36
KNAPP, ANTHONY L., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born June 14,
1828, in Middletown, N. Y. In 1858 he was
elected to the senate of Illinois, attending
the sessions of 1859 and 1861; and in the
latter year was elected a representative
from Illinois to the thirty-seventh con
gress. In 1862 he was elected to the
thirty-eighth congress.
KNAPP, ARTHUR MAY, clergyman,
author, was born in 1841, in Massachu
setts. He is a Unitarian clergyman, pas
tor at Fall River, Mass., since 1891, and
the author of Feudal and Modern Japan.
KNAPP, CHARLES, merchant, banker,
state legislator, congressman, was born
in 1797, in Colchester, N. Y. He was a
member of the New York state legislature
in 1841. He settled in the town of Deposit
in 1848; organized the Deposit bank in
1854, which in 1864 became a national
bank, of which he was president. In 1868
he was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-first congress.
KNAPP, CHARLES, educator, lecturer,
author, was born June 22, 1868, in New
York city. Since 1891 he has been an In
structor of Latin in Barnard college of
New York city, and has lectured exten
sively on subjects connected with Roman
Archasology. He has edited and pub
lished several Latin text-books.
KNAPP, CHARLES JUNIUS, banker,
state legislator, congressman, was born
June 30, 1845, in Pepacton, N. Y. For
many years he was president of the board
of education; was elected supervisor in
1885 and 1886; and served as member of
the New York state legislature in 1886
and 1888. He was elected to the fifty-first
congress as a republican.
KNAPP, CHARLES WELBOURNE,
journalist, was born Jan. 23, 1848, in St.
Louis, Mo. He received his education at
the St. Louis university; and graduated
in 1865 with the degree of A. B.; and re
ceived from the same institution the de
gree of A. M. In 1867 he attended the
Columbia college, and the university of
Kentucky, from which institution he re
ceived the degree of LL.B. in 1867. He
is a successful journalist, and the presi
dent and general manager of the St. Louis
Republic. During 1895-98 he was presi
dent of the American Newspaper Pub
lishers' association; a member of the
board of directors' of the Associated Press
during 1891-98; and in 1896-99 a member
of the board of directors of the St. Louis
public library.
KNAPP, CHAUNCEY L., journalist,
congressman, was born Feb. 26, 1809, In
Berlin, Vt. Removing to Massachusetts
he was elected secretary of the Massa
chusetts senate in 1851; was elected a rep
resentative to the thirty-fourth congress;
and re-elected to the thirty-fifth congress.
KNAPP, FRANCIS, author, poet, was
born in 1672, in England. He was a music
al composer, and the author of A Poet
ical Epistle to Mr. B., reprinted in J.
Nichols's Select Collection of Poems; and
of a poetical Address to Mr. Alexander
Pope, on his Windsor Forest. He died af
ter 1715.
KNAPP, ISAAC, abolitionist, journal
ist, was born Jan. 11, 1804, in Newbury-
port, Mass. In 1825 he bought the North
ern Chronicle; and in 1840 became part
owner of the Liberator. He was one of
the founders of the New England Anti-
Slavery society. He died Sept. 14, 1873,
in Boston, Mass.
KNAPP, JACOB, clergyman, was born
Dec. 7, 1799, in Otsego county, N. Y. In
his revival work he visited New York,
New England, and the western states, in
cluding California, preached about 16,000
sermons, led 200 young men to become
clergymen, and baptized 4,000 persons. He
died March 2, 1874, in Rockford, 111.
KNAPP, JACOB HERMANN, physi
cian, surgeon, lecturer, was born March
17, 1832, in Prussia. He founded the New
York ophthalmic and aural institute in
1869, and since that date has been its sur
geon.
KNAPP, JOSEPH G., lawyer, jurist. He
was a citizen of Wisconsin, from which
state he was appointed an associate jus
tice of the United States court for the ter
ritory of New Mexico, residing at Santa
Fe.
KNAPP, LYMAN ENOS, soldier, law
yer, legislator, jurist, governor, was born
Nov. 5, 1837, in Somerset, Vt. He served
in the civil war and was brevetted by
President Lincoln for gallantry at Pe
tersburg, Va. He served as a member of
the Vermont state legislature, and for
ten years was judge of probate court of
Addison district of Vermont. In 1889-93
he served as governor of Alaska.
KNAPP, MARTIN W., clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born March 27, 1853, in
Clarendon, Mich. He is a successful cler
gyman of Albion, Mich.; and the editor
of The Revivalist. He is the author of
Christ Crowned Within; and Out of Egypt
into Canaan; and a volume of poems.
KNAPP, ROBERT M., lawyer, con
gressman. He was elected a represent
ative from Illinois to the forty-third con
gress; and was also elected to the forty-
fifth congress.
KNAPP, SAMUEL LORENZO, lawyer,
author, was born Jan. 19, 1783, in New-
buryport, Mass. He was a lawyer of New
York city, among whose many works are
The Genius of Freemasonry; Travels in
North America by All Bey; American Bi
ography; Lives of Aaron Burr, Andrew
Jackson, Daniel Webster; and Female Bi
ography. He died July 8, 1838, in New-
buryport, Mass.
KNAPP, SEAMAN ASAHEL, farmer,
educator, college president, was born Dec.
16, 1833, in Essex county, N. Y. After re
ceiving a thorough education he took the
chair of Greek and higher mathematics in
the Fort Edward Collegiate institute. In
1869 he was elected president of the Iowa
State College for the Blind. Six years later
he resigned this position and devoted him
self to the agricultural interests of the
state; was prominent in the organization
of the Iowa Stock Breeders' association,
of which he was first president. In 1879
he was elected professor of agriculture,
and afterward president of the State Ag
ricultural college at Ames. The degree
of LL.B. was conferred upon him in 1882
by the Upper Iowa university.
KNAPP, WALTER H., educator, law
yer, jurist, was born March 23, 1856, in
Hopewell, N. Y. He has attained success
in the profession of law at Canandaigua,
N. Y.; and is now judge of Ontario coun
ty, term commencing in 1897.
KNEELAND, ABNER, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born April 6, 1774,
In Gardner, Mass. He was a universalist
clergyman who became a free-thinker,
and established The Investigator in Bos
ton in 1832. He was the author of The
Deist; Universal Benevolence; Universal
Salvation; and Review of Evidences of
Christianity. He died Jan. 14, 1884, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
KNEELAND, SAMUEL, printer, jour
nalist, was born in 1696, in Boston, Mass.
Besides many religious booKs and pam
phlets, he published The Gazette from
1727 till 1741, and The New England
Weekly Journal from 1741 till 1752. He
died Dee. 14, 1769, in Boston, Mass.
562
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KNEELAND, SAMUEL, naturalist, sur
geon, author, was born Aug. 1, 1821, in
Boston, Mass. He was a naturalist and
surgeon of Boston, and the author of
Science and Mechanism; An American in
Iceland; The Wonders of the Yo Semite;
and Volcanoes and Earthquakes. He died
in 1888.
KNEELAND, STILLMAN FOSTER,
lawyer, artist, author, was born May 17,
1845, in Quebec. In 1872 he moved to
New York, and he now occupies the first
rank among commercial lawyers. He is
the author of a Treatise on Commercial
Law; and past vice-president of the de
partment of painting of the Brooklyn In
stitute of Aris and Sciences.
KNICKERBOCKER, DAVID BUEL, P.
E. bishop, was born Feb. 24, 1833, in
Schaghticoke, N. Y. Having been elected
the third bishop of Indiana, he was conse
crated at St. Marks, Philadelphia, Pa.,
in 1883.
KNICKERBOCKER, HERMAN, law
yer, congressman, was born July 27, 1782,
in Albany, N. Y. He was a member of
congress from 1809 to 1811, as a federalist,
but during President Jackson's adminis
tration became a democrat. He died Jan.
30, 1855, in Williamsburg, N. Y.
KNIGHT, CYRUS FREDERIC, P. E.
bishop, author, was born March 28, 1831,
in Marblehead, Mass. He was elected
bishop of Milwaukee on Dec. 13, 1888. He
has published occasional sermons and
Changes in the Communion Office (New
York).
KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGEWAY, art
ist, was born in Philadelphia, Pa. He
studied in the Academy of Fine Arts of
his native city, and
subsequently in Par
is. Since 1874 he
has resided in Pois-
sy, France, engaged
in painting pictures
of peasant life, all
his work being done
in the open air. He
has been a regular
exhibitor at the Par
is salon; has re
ceived a gold medal
from that institu
tion; a medal from the universal exhibi
tion of Paris; the decoration of the cross
of the Legion of Honor; gold medal at
Munich; gold medal of honor from Phil
adelphia Academy of Fine Arts; and
gold medal from Antwerp exhibition. His
principal pictures owned by the Philadel
phia Academy of Fine Arts are Calling
the Ferryman; Un Devil; Printemps; and
one of his famous paintings is The Shep
herd and His Friends, owned by the
Lighton gallery of Milwaukee, Wis.
KNIGHT, EDWARD COLLING, mer
chant, railroad president, was born Dec.
8, 1813, near Camden, N. J. He was for
twenty years president of the North Penn
sylvania railroad. He died in 1892 in
Philadelphia.
KNIGHT, EDWARD HENRY, author,
was born June 1, 1824, in England. He
was an English writer who settled in the
United States in 1845, and was long con
nected with the patent office in Washing
ton. He was the author of American Me
chanical Dictionary; and New Mechanical
Dictionary. He died Jan. 22, 1883, in
Bellefontaine, Ohio.
KNIGHT, FREDERICK, poet, was born
Oct. 9, 1791, in Hampton, N. H. He taught
in Penobscot, Me., and Marblehead, Mass.
He then returned to Rowley, where he
passed his life, occupying himself in com
position. A memorial of his life, witn
his poems, was published, entitled Thorn
Cottage. He died Nov. 29, 1849, in Row
ley, Mass.
KNIGHT, JAMES, physician, author,
was born Feb. 14, 1810, in Taneytown, Md.
He was a physician of New York city, and
the author of Improvement of Health by
Natural Means; Orthopa;dia; and Static
Electricity as a Therapeutic Agent. He
died Oct. 24, 1887, in New York city.
KNIGHT, JONATHAN, educator, sur
veyor, state legislator, congressman, was
born Nov. 22, IV 87, in Bucks county, Pa.
He served three years as county com
missioner; and in 1827 was appointed a
commissioner to extend the national road
from Wheeling through Ohio and Indiana
to the eastern line of Illinois. In 1822 he
was elected to the legislature and served
six years. In 1854 he was elected a rep
resentative in the thirty-fourth congress
from Pennsylvania. He died Nov. 22, 1858,
in Washington county, Pa.
KNIGHT, LEONA ANNIE, poet, was
born April 30, 1859, in Ascension parish,
La, She is a writer of Gibson City, La.;
and the author of two volumes of poems,
entitled Gems of Thought; and Ferns of
Fancy.
KNIGHT, NEHEMIAH, farmer, con
gressman, was born in Rhode Island. He
was a representative in congress from
1803 to 1808.
KNIGHT, NEHEMIAH RICE, banker,
state legislator, governor, United States
senator, was born Dec. 31, 1780, in Crans
ton, R. I. He was elected to the Rhode
Island state legislature; and was also for
many years president of the Roger Wil
liams bank. He was elected governor of
Rhode Island in 1817, and re-elected in
1819 and 1820. He was a senator in con
gress from 1821 to 1841. He died April
19, 1854, in Providence, R. I.
KNIGHT, SARAH KEMBLE, educator,
author, was born April 19, 1666, in Boston,
Mass. She was a teacher of Boston among
whose pupils was Benjamin Franklin.
Her Narrative of a Journey from Boston
to New York in 1704 is a valuable histori
cal record of contemporary manners and
customs written in a graphic, entertain
ing style. She died Dec. 25, 1727, in Nor-
walk, Conn.
KNIGHTON, FREDERICK, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 2, 1812,
in England. During the civil war he
served as chaplain of the eleventh regi
ment of New Jersey. He was the author
of several books on education, entitled
Primary Grammar; and Outlines of His
tory. He died Sept. 9, 1888.
KN1PE, JOSEPH FARMER, soldier,
was born Nov. 30, 1823, in Mount Joy, Pa.
In 1861 he organized the forty-sixth
Pennsylvania regiment, and was com
missioned its colonel; and was promoted
to brigadier-general of volunteers in
1862. He was mustered out of service in
September, 1865, and is now superintend
ent of one of the departments in the mili
tary prison at Fort Leavenworth, Kan.
KNORTZ, KARL, author, was born
Aug. 28, 1841, in Prussia. He is a German
writer who came to the United States in
1863, and settled in New York city. He is
the author of Marchen und Sagen der
nordamerikanische Indianer; Amerika-
nische Skizzen; An American Shakes
peare Bibliography; Humorische Ge-
dichte; Longfellow: eine literarhis-
torische Studie; Aus der Wigwam;
Kapital und Arbeit in Amerika;1 Aus der
transatlantischen Gesellschaft; Staat und
Kirche in Amerika; Shakespeare in
Amerika; Amerikanische Lebensbilder;
and Brook Farm and Margaret Fuller.
KNOTT, A. LEO, educator, lawyer,
state legislator, was born Aug. 29, 1830,
near Lebanon, Ky. He served twelve
years as prosecuting attorney of the city
of Baltimore; and in 1868 was elected a
representative in the Maryland legisla
ture. In 1885 he was appointed second
assistant postmaster-general.
KNOTT, JAMES PROCTOR, lawyer,
state legislator, governor, congressman,
was born Aug. 29, 1830, near Lebanon,
Ky. He moved to Missouri in 1850; was
elected to the state legislature in 1858;
and in 1860 was elected attorney-general
of the state. In 1867 he was elected a
representative from Kentucky to the for
tieth congress. He was re-elected to the
forty-first, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses as a
democrat. In 1883 he was elected gover
nor of Kentucky for a term of four years.
KNOWLES, EDWARD RANDALL,
priest, author, was born Jan. 10, 1861, in
North Providence, R. I. He received his
education at the
Princeton universi
ty, from which in
stitution he receiv
ed the degree of A.
B.; and subsequently
the honorary degree
of LL.D. was con
ferred on him by the
West Virginia col
lege. He is an or-
t h o d o x catholic
priest, and the foun
der of a Progressive
Roman catholic church. His church will
be a distinctively American church, and
as such it will be progressive and aggres
sive; will be subject to no foreign domi
nation; and will be a part of and in full
sympathy with the best aspirations of the
public. He is a fluent and forcible wri
ter, and is fully capable to carry out suc
cessfully his mission.
KNOWLES, FREDERIC LAWRENCE,
educator litterateur, author, was born in
1869, in Massachusetts. He is a littera
teur and educator of Tilton, N. H. He
has published Practical Hints for Young
Readers, Writers, and Book Buyers; and
edited Cap and Gown, a collection of col
lege verse; and The Golden Treasury of
American Songs.
KNOWLES, FREEMAN, soldier, law
yer, journalist, congressman, was born
Oct. 10, 1846, in Harmony, Maine. He en
listed in the six
teenth Maine regi
ment in 1862, and
served three years in
the army of the Po
tomac. In 1886 he
moved to Nebraska,
and began the publi
cation of the Ceres-
co Times. He moved
to the Black Hills in
1888, and began the
publication of the
Meade County Times
at Tilford; and subsequently he moved
his plant to Deadwood, and began the
publication of the Evening Independent,
a daily paper. He was elected in the
state at large to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
KNOWLES, HIRAM, lawyer, jurist,
was born in Maine. He moved to Iowa,
from which state he was in 1872 appoint
ed an associate justice of the supreme
court for the territory of Montana.
KNOWLES, JAMES DAVIS, clergyman,
author, was born in July, 1798, in Provi
dence, R. I. Besides addresses he publish
ed Memoir of Mrs. Ann H. Judson; and
Memoir of Roger Williams, the Founder
of the State of Rnode Island. He died
May 9, 1838, in Newton Centre, Mass.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
563
KNOWLES, JOHN P., lawyer, jurist
was born in Rhode Island. He was a resi
dent of Providence; and in 1870 was ap
pointed United States judge for the dis
trict of Rhode Island.
KNOWLES, LUCIUS JAMES, inventor
was born July 2, 1819, in Hardwick, Mass.'
In 1840 he put into operation several
working models of steam engines, and
during his experiments invented the
Knowles safety steam-boiler feed-regula
tor. His next invention was a machine
for spooling thread, which he began to
manufacture in New Worcester He died
Feb. 25, 1884, in Washington, D. C.
KNOWLTON, EBENEZER, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in New
Hampshire. He was elected to the Maine
legislature in 1844. 1846, and 1848, serv
ing during his second year as speaker. He
was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1855 to 1857.
KNOWLTON, EDGAR J., journalist
legislator, was born Aug. 8, 1856, in But
ton, N. H. He represented his district in
the New Hampshire legislature for two
years; and was mayor of his city for four
years. He has been editor of the Man
chester Union and Lockport Daily Union.
KNOWLTON, HELEN MARY, anist
author, was born Aug. 16, 1832, in Little
ton, Mass. She has exhibited charcoal
sketches or landscapes and portraits in
oil, in Boston, Philadelphia, New York
and London, taught art students in the
town and country, and written much on
art. She has published the Talks on Art
of William M. Hunt; and Hints to Pu
pils in Drawing and Painting.
KNOWLTON, JULIUS WILLIAM, soi-
dier, state legislator, was born Nov. 28
1838, in Southbridge, Mass. He served
through the civil War, attaining the rank
of lieutenant. He served two terms as
representative in the legislature from
Stratford, Conn., and in 1875 was appoint
ed postmaster of Bridgeport, Conn.
KNOWLTON, MARCUS PERRIN leg
islator, jurist, was born Nov. 3, 1839, in
Wilbraham, Mass. In 1878 he was a rep
resentative in the Massachusetts state
legislature. In 1881 he was appointed jus
tice of the superior court, and in 1887 was
promoted to the supreme bench of the
judicial court, which position he still fills.
KNOWLTON, MILES JUSTIN, mis
sionary, author, was born Feb. 8, 1825, in
West Wardsborough, Vt. In 1860 he pub
lished in Chinese a manual for native
preachers, called scripture Catechism.
Several churches were founded and visit
ed regularly by him during his stay in
China. He died Sept. 10, 1874, in China.
KNOX, MRS. ADELINE (TRAFTON),
author, was born in 1845, in Maine. She
is a novelist of St. Louis, and the au
thor of Kamarine Earle; His Inheritance;
An American Girl Abroad; and Dorothy's
Experience.
KNOX, CHARLES EUGENE, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
in 1833, in New York. He is a presbyte-
rian clergyman, and president of the
theological seminary at Bloomfield N J
since 1863. He is the author of A Year
with Saint Paul; Love to the End; Da
vid the King; and Graduated Sunday-
school Text-Books.
KNOX, GEORGE WILLIAM, educator
missionary, author, was born Aug. 11,
1853, in Rome, N. Y. He is a presbyterian
missionary in Japan, and professor of eth
ics in the university of japan since 1886.
He is the author of A Brief System of
Theology; Outlines of Homiletics; Christ
the Son of God; and The Basis of Eth
ics. In English he has published The
Japanese Systems of Ethics.
KNOX, HENRY, soldier, was born July
25, 1750, in Boston, Mass. Prior to the
revolution he was made a captain of an
independent compa
ny of militia in Bos
ton. In 1776 the
corps was increased
to three regiments,
and he was promot
ed to the rank of
irigadier-general. In
781 he received the
commission of ma
jor-general. In 1785
he was appointed
secretary of war;
and after the adop
tion of the constitution he was appointed
to the same office. He died Oct. 25 1806
in Thomaston, Maine.
KNOX, JAMES, lawyer, merchant, con
gressman, was born July 4, 1807 in Ca-
najoharie, N. Y. In 1852 he was elected
a representative from Illinois to the thir
ty-third and thirty-fourth congresses.
KNOX, JAMES L., railroad president
was born Sept. 26, 1851, in Coudersport,
Pa. In 1892 he became president of the
Coudersport and Port Alleghany railroad.
KNOX, JOHN, clergyman, author was
born June 17, 1790, near Gettysburg, Pa.
He was licensed by the associate reformed
presbytery of Philadelphia in 1815, and
became pastor of the collegiate reformed
Dutch church in New York city in 1816.
He published occasional sermons and
tracts. He died Jan. 8, 1858, in New York
city.
KNOX, JOHN JAY, financier, author
was born March 19, 1828, in Knoxhoro,
N. Y. In 1872 he was appointed comptrol
ler of the currency, and resigned in 1884.
He was the author of United States Notes,
a History of the Various Issues of Paper
Money by the United States Government
He died in 1892.
KNOX, MARTIN VAN BUREN, educa
tor, college president, was born in 1841,
in Schroon Lake, N. Y. He has been pro
fessor in the Baker university; and is
now president of the Red River Valley
university of Wahpeton, N. D.
KNOX, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was elected a representative from Mis
souri to the thirty-eighth congress.
KNOX, THOMAS WALLACE, journal
ist, author, was born June 26, 1835, in
Pembroke, N. H. He was a journalist and
traveler whose home was in New York
city, and the author of Overland Through
Asia; Camp-Fire and Cotton-Field;
Backsheesn; Underground Life; John;
The Boy Travellers Series, in sixteen
volumes; How to Travel; Pocket
Guide Around the World; The Voyage of
the Vivian; Hunting Adventures on Land
and Sea; Marco Polo for Boys and Girls;
Decisive Battles since Waterloo; Life of
Robert Fulton; Hunters Three; In Wild
Africa; The Siberian Exiles; and The
Lost Army. He died in 1896.
KNOX, WILLIAM S., lawyer, banker,
congressman, was born Sept. 10, 1843, in
Killingly, Conn. He was a member of the
Massachusetts house
of representatives in
1874-75, serving on
the judiciary com
mittee. He was city
solicitor of Law
rence in 1875, 1876
1887 1888. 1889, and
1890; and is presi
dent of the Arling
ton National Bank
of Lawrence. He
was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fif
ty-fifth congresses as a republican
KOBBE, GUSTAV, litterateur, author
was born in 1857 in New York He is a
litterateur of New York city, and the au
thor of Jersey Coast and Pines; Wagner's
Ring of the Nibelung; and New York Citv
and its Environs.
KOCH, HERMANN A, educator, cler-
fyl??ono c.ollese president, was born Sept.
4, 1828, in Germany. In 1856 he filled
the chair of German in the Quincy college
Illinois; and from 1860 until his death
was professor and president of the Cen
tral Wesleyan college of Warrenton Mo
KOCH, JOSEPH, jurist, state senator
was born Sept. 28, lg-44, in New York city
In 1890 he was made commissioner of the
board of excise of the city of New York
He was elected to the New York state
senate in 1881.
KOCH, RICHARD HENRY, educator
lawyer, jurist, was born April 2, 1852 in
Middleport, Pa. During 1873-79 he filled
^6. ?Tlr of mathematics in the Keystone
State Normal school. In 1897 he became
judge of the court of common pleas of
the twenty-first judicial district of Penn
sylvania,
KOEHLER, ROBERT, painter, was
born Nov. 28, 1850, in Germany. In 1885
i took charge of a private school of art
in New York city. His principal works
are Holy-Day Occupation; Her Only Sup
port; and The Strike.
KOEHLER, SYLVESTER ROSA art
critic, author, was born Feb. 11 1837 in
Germany. He is an art critic of Boston
'ditor of the American Art Review, and
the author of American Art; and Etching-
an Outline of its Technical Processes and
History.
KOENIG, GEORGE AUGUSTUS, chem
ist, was born about 1845, in Germany. In
1874 he was appointed assistant professor
of chemistry and mineralogy in the uni
versity of Pennsylvania, becoming acting
professor of geology and mining in 1879
and professor of mineralogy and metal
lurgy in 1886. His scientific work in
cludes the invention of chronometry.
KOHLMANN, ANTHONY, clergyman
was born July 13, 1771, in France. He
was appointed pastor in New York in
1808, and founded an academy for boys
called the New York literary institution
and another for girls under the charge of
the Ursuline nuns. He died in April 1838
in Rome, Italy.
KOHLSAAT, HERMAN HENRY mer
chant, publisher, was born March 22 1853
in Edwards county, 111. His attention
having been drawn to the profits of the
luncheon and restaurant business, Mr
Kohlsaat took an interest in an estab
lished concern in 1880, and in July, 18S3
bought the business, which he developed
into the largest of its class, certainly in
Chicago, and possibly in the United
States. In 1895 he entered the field of
journalism as purchaser of The Herald
and The Times of Chicago.
KOLLEN, GERRIT J., educator, college
president, was born Aug. 9, 1843, in Neth
erlands. He is president of the Hope
college of Holland, Mich. He has filled
chairs of applied mathematics in several
institutions of learning.
KOLLOCK, MARY, artist, was born in
1840, in Norfolk, Va. She is a member of
the Art Students' league, and of the La
dies Art association. New York, in which
she is an instructor in painting. Her con-
nbutions to the exhibitions of the Na
tional academy of design include Morn
ing in the Mountains; Gleam of Sun
shine (1882); On rtondout Creek; The Old
Fiddler; Under the Beeches; and A
Glimpse of the Catskills.
564
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
KOLLOCK, SHEPARD, soldier, jour
nalist, was born in 1750, in Lewiston, Del.
He was commissioned lieutenant early in
the revolution, and took part in the bat
tle of Trenton and other engagements. In
1779 he resigned and began a newspaper
entitled the New Jersey Journal in Chat
ham. He died July 28, 1839, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
KOONTZ, WILLIAi,i H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 15, 1830, in Som
erset, Pa. He was elected a representa
tive from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
ninth congress; and was re-elected to the
fortieth congress.
KOOPMAN (koope'man), HARRY LY-
MAN, author, poet, was born July 1, 1860,
in Freeport, Maine. He is a verse writer,
librarian of Brown university, and the
author of The Great Admiral; Orestes,
and Other Poems; Woman's Will, witn
Other Poems; and What to Read.
KORN, CLARA A., composer, was
born Jan. 30, 1866, in Germany. Since
1893 she has been connected with the
National conservatory as one of the fac
ulty, and in 1897 was in charge of coun
terpoint and fugue classes, the only wom
an holding such a position in any of the
standard music schools in America or
Europe.
KORNDCERFER, AUGUSTUS, educa
tor, author, was born Oct. 27, 1843, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was professor of
clinical medicine in Hahnemann Medical
college from 1866 to 1881. He translated
from German, and published in this coun
try, Boenninghausen's Homoeopathic
Therapeia of Intermittent and other Fe
vers, a work of great value.
KORNITZER, JOSEPH, surgeon, au
thor, was born Oct. 27, 1824, in Hungary.
He is the author of Proclamation of the
Redemption of the Soil as the Final Re
demption of Society; and Wealth and
Progress.
KOUNS (koonz), NATHAN CHAP
MAN, lawyer, author, was born Dec. 17,
1833, in Fulton, Mo. He was a Missouri
lawyer, state librarian at Jefferson City
since 1886, and published two historical
romances, Arius the Libyan; and Dor
cas the Daughter of Faustina. He died
in 1890.
KRAITSIR, CHARLES, educator, phil
ologist, author, was born Jan. 23, 1804, in
Hungary. He was an educator and phil
ologist of New York city, and the author
of The Poles in the, United States; Sig
nificance of the Alphabet; and Glossology.
He died May 7, 1860, in Morrisania, N. Y.
KRAMER, GEORGE R., clergyman,
poet, was born May 26, 1839, in Balti
more, Md. He was a successful baptist
clergyman, and for many years pastor of
the Brooklyn Union Avenue Baptist
church. He also was a poet of distinction,
and contributed liberally to current lit
erature. He died in 1896.
KRAUTH, CHARLES PHILIP, clergy
man, college president, was born May 7,
1797, in Montgomery county, Pa. In 1833
he was elected professor of biblical and
oriental literature in the theological semi
nary at Gettysburg, Pa., and the follow
ing year he was unanimously elected
president of Pennsylvania college, at the
same place. He died May 30, 1867, in
Gettysburg, Pa.
KRAUTH, CHARLES PORTERFIELD,
clergyman, educator, author, was born
March 17, 1823, in Martinsburg, Va. He
was a prominent lutheran clergyman of
Philadelphia, and professor of moral
science in the university of Pennsylvania
in 1868-83. He was the author of The
Conservative Reformation and its Theolo
gy; The Evangelical Mass and the
Romish Mass; Sketch of the Thirty
Years' War; Christian Liberty; Infant
Baptism and Salvation in the Calviiiistic
System; and Chronicle of the Augsburg
Confession. He died Jan. 2, 1883, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
KREBS, JACOB, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1826 to 1827.
KREBS, JOHN MICHAEL, clergyman,
author, was born May 6, 1804, in Hagers-
town, Md. He was a presbyterian clergy
man of New York city, and the author of
Righteousness and National Prosperity;
The American Citizen; Private, Domestic,
and Social Life of Jesus; and The Presby
terian psalmist. He died Sept'. 30, 1867,
in New York city.
KREBS, THEODORE LUTHER, musi
cian, composer, was born Aug. 3, 1860, in
Brookfield, Ohio. In 1884 he took charge
of the music department of the Rome Fe
male college, of Georgia; and subsequent
ly accepted a position at the Noble insti
tute of Anniston, Ala. He is the author
of numerous works for piano and voice;
a Treatise on Theory; and a Biography of
Beethoven.
KREHBIEL, HENRY EDWARD, mu
sical critic, author, was born March 10,
1854, in Ann Arbor, Mich. He is a mu
sical critic on the staff of the New York
Tribune, and the author of Notes on the
Cultivation of Choral Music; Review of
the New York Musical Seasous; Studies
in the Wagnerian Drama; and How to
Listen to Music.
KREKEL, ARNOLD, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, was born March 12, 1815, in
Germany. He was elected to the Mis
souri state legislature in 1852; and in
1865 was appointed United States district
judge for the western district of Missouri,
residing in Jefferson City.
KREMER, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in 1775, in Dauphin county, Pa. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1823 to 1829. He died
Sept. 11, 1854, in Union county, Pa.
KREYER, FREDERICK, musician,
composer, was born Feb. 4, 1854, in Ger
many. He is a successful teacher of pia
no and band instruments in Maquoketa,
Iowa; and the author of the overture
Friendship; the waltz Dreams of Home;
and various other compositions.
KRIBBS, GEORGE F., journalist, law
yer, congressman, was born Nov. 8, 1846,
in Clarion county, Pa. After attaining his
majority he prepar
ed for college, enter
ing the junior class
and graduating in
1873 at Muhlenberg
college, Allentown,
Pa. He studied law
and was admitted to
practice in 1875.
From 1877 to 1889 he
edited the Clarion
Democrat, in Clar
ion, Pa. Since then
he has been engaged
in the practice of law. He was elected to
the fifty-second and reflected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat. He has
been for several years a resident of Nar-
coossee, Fla.
KRIEHN, GEORGE, educator, author,
was born April 19, 1868, in Lexington,
Mo. Since 1894 he has been assistant pro
fessor of culture and economic history in
the Stanford university of California. He
is the author of the English Rising In
1850; English Popular Uprisings in the
Middle Ages; and other works.
KRIMMEL, JOHN LEWIS, artist, was
born in 1787, in Germany. He was presi
dent of the Society of American Artists.
Among his works are The Pepper-Pot
Woman; The Cut Finger; Blindman's
Bluff; Election Day; The Fourth of July
at Old Centre Square; Going to and re
turning from boarding-School ; The
Country Wedding; and Perry's Victory.
He died by drowning July 15, 1821, in
Germantown, Pa.
KROEGER, ADOLPH ERNST, author,
was born jJec. 28, 1837, in Schleswig. He
was a writer of St. Louis, and the author
of The Minnesingers of Germany; Our
Forms of Government and the Problems
of the Future; and translations of
Fichte's Science of Knowledge and
Science of Rights. He died March 8, 1882,
in St. Louis, Mo.
KROEGEH, ERNEST RICHARD, musi
cian, composer, was born Aug. 10, 1862,
in St. Louis, Mo. He has been conductor
of chorus choir m several of the large
churches of St. Louis; and has had charge
of the musical features of McCullough
club. He is the anthor of many compo
sitions, among which are A Symphony
for Orchestra; Four Symphonic Over
tures; and a Pianoforte Concerto.
KROME, WILLIAM H., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born July 1, 1842, in
Louisville, Ky. He has become a promi
nent lawyer in Edwardsville, 111., and has
been mayor of his city. He has served
as a member of the state senate of the
Illinois legislature; and as probate judge
of Madison county.
KROTEL, GOTTLOB FREDERICK,
clergyman, author, was born Feb. 4, 1826,
in Germany. He is a lutheran clergyman
of New York city, and the author of Who
Are the Blessed?; Explanation of Luth
er's Small Catechism; and several trans
lations from the German.
KRUGER, H. T., educator, clergyman,
was born April 16, 1867, in Stephenson
county, 111. For many years he was en
gaged in educational work. He subse
quently graduated from the German Pres
byterian Theological seminary of Du-
buque, Iowa; and has since attained emi
nence as a successful clergyman in the
Dutch reformed church of America; and
now fills a pastorate in Ackley, Iowa. He
is a great linguist, and the master of five
languages.
KRYDER, JOHN LANDOR, physician,
poet, was born Dec. 22, 1833, in New Ber
lin, Ohio. In 1858 he commenced the
practice of medicine in Cedarville, Ind.
He is the author of a number of poems
which have appeared in many leading
magazines and newspapers.
KUEHN, ALEXANDER JACOB DAN
IEL, educator, clergyman, was born Jan.
1, 1850, in Pittsburg, Pa. He took a pre
paratory course at
Fort Wayne, Ind.;
a college course at
Columbus, Ohio;
__ and a seminary
I course at the Gen-
I e r a 1 Theological
Seminary of New
York city. He stud-
I ied music and art,
1 and also took a mil
itary course. He
passed examinations
for tutorship in
Mansfield, Ohio, and for eighteen years
was a teacher and superintendent of
schools. In 1888 he was ordained a
deacon; a priest in 1889; has held two
charges in the state of Minnesota; and Is
known as one of the most eminent priests
of the protestant episcopal church.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
565
KUEHNE, HEINRICH FRIEDRICK
WILLHELM, educator, lecturer, author,
was born March 31, 1856, in Germany.
He has been professor of Hamilton's
Ladies college of Lexington, Ky.; was
president of the Marionville college, Mo.;
and now fills the chair of modern lan
guages and Hebrew in the South West
Kansas college of Winfield, Kan. He is
an active member of the German Lan
guage union in Berlin, Germany; and an
expert translator in all leading modern
languages. He is a popular lecturer, and
the author of What the Master Minds of
all Ages Have Said About God, Christ and
the Bible; and other works.
KUHN, ADAM, botanist, college presi
dent, was born Nov. 17, 1741, in German-
town, Pa. He was one of the founders
and president of the College of Physicians
and Surgeons of Philadelphia.
KUHNS, JOSEPH H., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1851 to 1853.
KULP, MONROE H., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Oct. 23, 1858, in
Barto, Pa. He oecanie connected with the
firm of Kulp, Mc-
Williams and Com
pany, and in 1886
became manager of
the business under
his father, the late
Darlington R. Kulp.
He is president of
the JVionroe H. Kulp
and Company; the
Lewisburg and Buf
falo Valley Railroad
company, and other
institutions. In 1894
he was elected to the fifty-fourch congress
as a republican; and in 1896 received the
re-election to the fifty-fifth congress.
KUMLER, FRANKLdN A. Z., college
president, philanthropist, was born Oct.
20, 1854, in Hamilton, Ohio. Since 1887
.he has been president of the Avalon col
lege of Trenton, Mo. In 1890 he bought
two hundred acres of land near the city
of Trenton, and som sufficient property
from the same to pay for land, build and
equip a fine college building. This prop
erty, valued at fifty thousand dollars, he
presented to the united brethren church.
KUMLER, JOHN A., clergyman, was
born April 20, 1838, in Butler county,
Ohio. For two years hie was prosecuting
attorney of Danville, 111.; member of the
school board for three years; trustee and
veriter of the Illinois Wesleyan university
for twenty-one years, and of which insti
tution he is now cnancellor. He has al
ways been a pairon of education and
other worthy enterprises; and since 1868
has been a clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church. He has gained suc
cess in building churches, and in raising
money to relieve embarrassed churches;
and to build and endow by money and
business methods, schools and colleges.
KUNKEL, CHARLES, composer, was
born July 22, 1840, in Germany. In 1868
he moved to St. Louis, Mo. He is a pian
ist of high rank; and the author of num
erous compositions.
KUNKEL, JACOB M., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born July 22,
1822, in Frederick, Md. In 1850 he was
elected to the Maryland senate for six
years, but the change in the state con
stitution cut short his term, tie was
elected a representative from Maryland
to the thirty-fifth congress; and was also
elected to the thirty-sixth congress. He
was a delegate to the Philadelphia loyal
ists' convention of 1866.
KUNKEL, JOHN CHRISTIAN, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 18, 1816, in
Harrisburg, Pa. He was a member of the
thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth congresses
from his native state. He died Oct. 14,
1870, in Harrisburg, Pa.
KUNTZE, EDWARD J., sculptor, was
born in 1826, in Prussia. Among his
works are statuettes of Shakespeare,
Goethe, Irving, Tennyson, and Lincoln;
a statue of Psyche; one of Columbia;
Puck; Puck on Horseback; and Puck on
the Warpath; a bust of Mirth; Merlin and
Vivien, in bas relief; and many medallion
portraits and busts. He died April 10,
1870, in New York city.
KUNZ, GEORGE FREDERICK, min
eralogist, author, was born Sept. 29, 1856,
in New York city. He is a mineralogist
of note, the foremost American specialist
in precious stones. He has published
Gems and Precious Stones of North
America.
KUNZE, JOHN CHRISTOPHER, cler
gyman, author, wa's born Aug. 4, 1744, in
Saxony. He was once a famous lutheran
clergyman of New York city, professor of
ancient languages in Columbia college;
and the author of History of the Christian
Religion and of the Lutheran Church; and
Catechism and Liberty. He died July 24,
1807, in New York city.
KUNZE, RICHARD ERNEST, physi
cian, author, was born April 7, 1838, in
Germany. He was a physician of New
York city; and the author of Cactus;
Cardinal Points in the Study of Medical
Botany; and Germination and Vitality of
Seeds.
KURTZ, BENJAMIN, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1795 in Pennsylvania.
He was a lutheran clergyman, for nearly
thirty years the editor of The Lutheran
Observer; and the author of Lutheran
Prayer-Book; Year-Book of the Reforma
tion; Why are You a Lutheran?; Faith,
Hope and Charity; and Theological
Sketch-Book. He died Dec. 29, 1865, in
Baltimore, Md.
KURTZ, WILLIAM H., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1851 to 1855.
KUYKENDALL, ANDREW Z., soldier,
lawyer, legislator, state senator, con
gressman, was born March 3, 1815, in Gal-
latin county, 111. From 1842 to 1846 he
was a member of the Illinois legislature,
and in the state senate from 1850 to 1862.
He enlisted in the thirty-first regiment
of Illinois infantry as a volunteer in 1861,
was elected major, and served until 1862.
In 1864 he was elected a representative
from Illinois to the thirty-ninth congress.
KYAN, JOHN H., inventor, was born in
1775 in England. He was the first to in
troduce a chemical process for the preser
vation of wood. This method was named
kyanizing. He died Jan. 9, 1850, in New
York city.
KYLE, JAMES HENDERSON, educator,
civil engineer, clergyman, United States
senator, was born Feb. 24, 1854, near
Xenia, Ohio. He was engaged for several
years in educational and ministerial work
in Utah and South Dakota. At the time
he entered political life he was financial
secretary of Yankton college, Yankton,
S. D. Was elected to the state senate
as an independent in 1890; was elected
to the United States senate to succeed
Gideon C. Moody; took his seat March 4,
1891; and was re-elected in 1897 as an
independent. His term of service will
expire March 3, 1903.
KYLE, JAMES J.. educator, merchant,
was born Dec. 27, 1867, in Hancock coun
ty, Tenn. He has attained success as an
educator; has been institute instructor
and conductor, and county school com
missioner of Ozark county, Mo., where he
is also a successful merchant.
KYLE, JOHN CURTIS, mayor, state
senator, congressman, was born in Sar-
dis, Miss. In 1879 he was elected mayor
of Sardis, Miss.; in
1881 was elected to
the state senate; and
at the close of the
senatorial term was
elected a member of
the Mississippi rail
road commission by
joint ballot of the
two branches of the
legislature; and was
re-elected in 1888.
He was chairman of
the state democratic
executive committee in 1888; and was
eiected to the fifty-second and fifty-third
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a democrat.
KYTE, GEORGE, legislator, was born
May 22, 1846, in South America. He
has served as a member of the New Jer
sey assembly, and as a state senator. He
has also filled the office of sheriff; and is
the land agent of the Central railroad of
New Jersey.
LABAGH, ISAAC P., clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 14, 1804, in Leeds, N.
Y. He was an episcopal clergyman of
Iowa, but formerly a clergyman of the
Dutch reformed faith. He was the au
thor of Great Events of Unfulfilled Proph
ecy; The Great Events that are Coming;
The Two Witnesses, Moses and Elijah;
and Theoklesia. He died Dec. 29, 1879,
in Fairfield, Iowa.
LABAREE, BENJAMIN, educator, col
lege president, lecturer, was born June 3,
1801, in Charlestown, N. H. He was profes
sor of Latin and Greek in Jackson college
of Columbia, Tenn., in 1832-36; and pres
ident of the same in 1836-37. He was pres
ident of Middlebury college, Vt., in 1840-
66; 'lecturer on moral philosophy and in
ternational law in Dartmouth college,
in 1871-761'. He died Nov. 15, 1883, in Wai-
pole.
LABLANCHE, ALCEE, congressman,
was born in Louisiana. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1843 to 1845.
LA HORDE, MAXIMILIAN, educator,
author, was born June 5. 1804, in Edge-
field, S. C. He was an educator who was
professor in the university of South Caro
lina in 1842-73; and the author of Intro
duction to Physiology; Story of Lethea
and Verona; and History of South Caro
lina College. He died Nov. 6, 1873, in Co
lumbia, S. C.
LACEY, EDWARD S., business man,
congressman, was born Nov. 26, 1835, in
Chili, N. Y. He mo\ed to Michigan; was
elected register of deeds in 1860, and
re-elected in 1862. He was a trustee of
the state insane asylum from 1874 to 1880.
He was elected a representative from
Michigan to the forty-seventh and forty-
eighth congresses as a republican. He
subsequently became president of the Na
tional bank of Charlotte, Mich.
LACEY, JOHN, soldier, jurist, state leg
islator, was born Feb. 4, 1755, in Bucks
county, Pa. He was made a brigadier-
general of militia in 1778, and performed
arduous services during the British occu
pation of Philadelphia. He was a member
of the Pennsylvania assembly in 1778, and
in 1779-81 of the council. He afterward
removed to New Mills, N. J., and was a
judge and a member of the legislature. He
died Feb. 17, 1814, in New Mills, N. J.
566
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LACEY, JOHN FLETCHER, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, au
thor, was born May 30, 1841, in New Mar-
tinsville, W. Va. In
1855 he moved to
Iowa; enlisted in
company H, third
Iowa infantry, in
1861, and afterward
served as a private
in company D, thirty-
third Iowa infantry,
as sergeant-major,
and as lieutenant in
company C of that
regiment. He was
promoted to assist
ant adjutant-general on the staff of Brig.-
Gen. Samuel A. Rice. He served in the
Iowa legislature one term in 1870. He is
a lawyer and author of Lacey's Railway
Digest and Lacey's Iowa Digest. He was
a member of the fifty-first, fifty-third,
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses.
LACEY, JOHN W., soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Oct. 13, 1848, in Randolph
county, Ind. He enlisted in the union
army at the breaking out of the civil war,
serving in the one hundred and thirty-
seventh, and subsequently in the one hun
dred and fifty-second Indiana volunteer
regiments. In 1884 he was appointed
chief justice of the supreme court of Wyo
ming territory.
LACEY, WILLIAM BRITTAINHAM,
educator, clergyman, author, was born in
1781 in Wilmington, Del. He was a cler
gyman for thirteen years; subsequently
became a teacher; and was the author of
text-books for schools and colleges,
among them a Rhetoric and a Moral Phi
losophy. He died Oct. 31, 1866, in Okolo-
na, Miss.
LACHMUND, ERNEST, musician, com
poser, was born Jan. 24, 1865, in Lyons,
Iowa. Since 1884 he has been a suc
cessful teacher of music in Minneapolis,
Minn.; and during 1885 was solo 'celist in
the Clara Louise Kellogg Concert com
pany. Among his compositions are
Christmas Suite; Vesper; and other songs
and piano compositions.
LACKEY, ARTHUR CARSON, lawyer,
was born June 16, 1868, in Allen's Cove,
Pa. He attended the public schools, the
State Normal school, and the Dickinson
Law school. He is an able lawyer of
Duncannon, Pa., where he has been city
solicitor, township auditor, judge of elec
tion; and filled various other public posi
tions of trust.
LACOCK, ABNER, state legislator, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
in 1770 in Virginia. He was a represen
tative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1811 to 1813; and United States sen
ator from 1813 to 1819. He died April
12, 1837, in Freedom, Pa.
LACOMBE, EMILE HENRY, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 29, 1846, in New
York city. For three years he was cor
poration counsel for the city of New York;
and in 1887 became United States circuit
judge of the second district.
LACY, DRURY, college president, was
born Oct. 5, 1758, in Chesterfield county,
Va. He was president of Hampden-Sid-
ney college from 1789-96. He died Dec.
6, 1815.
LACY, THOMAS J., lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to Arkansas; and
in 1834 was appointed a judge for that
territory.
l.ADD, MRS. CATHERINE, educator,
writer, poet, was born Oct. 28, 1809, in
Richmond, Va. She is the oldest living
writer and teacher in South Carolina:
and for half a century has contributed
both prose and verse to the periodical
press.
LADD, GEORGE TRUMBULL, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born Jan. 19,
1842, in Painesville, Ohio. He is a con
gregational clergyman of prominence;
and professor of philosophy at Yale uni
versity since 1881. He is the author of
Principles of Church Polity; The Doc
trine of Sacred Scripture; Philosophy of
Mind; A Primer of Psychology; Psychol
ogy, Descriptive and Explanatory; Out
lines of Psychological Psychology; Ele
ments of Psychological Psychology; In
troduction to Philosophy; and What is
the Bible? He has translated Lotze's
Philosophical Outlines, from the German.
LADD, GEORGE W., merchant, con
gressman, was born Sept. 28; 1818, in
Augusta. Maine. He was elected a rep
resentative from Maine to the forty-sixth
and forty-seventh congresses as a demo
crat.
LADD. HORATIO OLIVER, educator,
clergyman, college president, author, was
born Aug. 31, 1839, in Hallowell, Maine.
He has held various positions as an edu
cator and clergyman; was pastor and
professor in the Olivet college, Mich.;
principal of the State Normal school of
New Hampshire; president of the First
Incorporated university of New Mexico;
and rector of Grace church, Jamaica, N.
Y. As an educator he was prominent in
founding Indian schools in the south
west, supported by the United States gov
ernment. He is the author of three books
on American History— The War With
Mexico; The Story of New Mexico; and
The Founding of the Episcopal Church in
Dutchess County, N. Y. He has been an
editorial writer on The Churchman, and
has contributed extensively to current lit
erature.
LADD, JOSEPH BROWN, poet, was
born in 1764 in Newport, R. I. He pub
lished Poems of Arouet, and his poetry,
with some of his prose writings, was col
lected into a volume, containing also a
memoir of the author, by his sister, Mrs.
Elizabeth Haskins. He died Nov. 2, 1786,
in Charleston, S. C.
LA DOW, GEORGE A., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born March
18, 1828, in Cayuga county, N. Y. He
moved to Wisconsin in 1851, and was
elected district attorney, and held the of
fice two years. He removed to Minnesota
in 1862; and in 1867 was elected to the
house of representatives of that state. He
settled in Oregon in 1869; declined the
nomination for state senator in 1870; and
in 1872 was elected to the house of rep
resentatives of Oregon, and held the of
fice until 1874, when he was elected a rep
resentative to the forty-fourth congress.
He died in May, 1875, in Oregon.
LADREYT, CASIMIR, educator, author,
was born in 1797 in France. He came to
the United States about 1836, taught the
French language, and published French
Pronunciation; The Study of French Sim
plified; and other text-books. He died
July 4, 1877, in Boston, Mass.
LA FAROE, JOHN, landscape and
figure painter, author, was born March
31, 1835, in New York city. He is a noted
figure and landscape artist of New York
city; and the author of a book entitled
Lectures on Art.
LA FAYETTE. MARQUIS DE, soldier,
was born in 1757 in France. He was
commissioned major-general by the con
tinental congress in 1777. He died in
1834 in France.
LAFFOON, POLK, soldier, educator,
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct. 24,
1844. in Hopkins county, Ky. He enlisted
in the eighth Kentucky confederate in
fantry in 1861, and was elected second
lieutenant. He was elected county at
torney in 1870, and served four years;
and in 1884 was elected a representative
from Kentucky to the forty-ninth con
gress; and re-elected to the fiftieth con
gress as a democrat.
LAFLIN, ADDISON H., manufacturer,
state senator, congressman, was born Oct.
24, 1823, in Lee, Mass. In 1837 he was
elected to the senate of New York. In
1864 he was elected a representative from
that state to the thirty-ninth congress,
and was elected to the fortieth and forty-
first congresses.
LA FOLLETTE, ROBERT M., lawyer,
congressman, was born June 14, 1855, in
Primrose, Wis. He was elected district
attorney of Dane county in 1880, and re-
elected in 1882. In 1884 he was elected
a representative from Wisconsin to the
forty-ninth congress; and was re-elected
to the fiftieth and fifty-first congresses.
LAFONTE, AUNET, educator, clergy
man, was born Oct. 2, 1812, in France.
He founded the French congregation in
Canal street, New York, in 1842; intro
duced into this country the order of Chris
tian Brothers; and harbored the first Jes
uits that came to the United States. He
died Jan. 7, 1875, in New York city.
LA FORTUNE, JOHN SAMUEL, jour
nalist, poet, was born Aug. 22, 1862, in
Elk Creek, Neb. In 1887 he became edi
tor and proprietor of The Tulare Demo
cratic Free Press. He is also the au
thor of a number of poems.
LAGAN, MATT D., merchant, manufac
turer, congressman, was born June 20,
1829, in Ireland. He was elected to the
fiftieth congress, and again elected as a
democrat to the fifty-second congress.
LAHM, SAMUEL, lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born April 22, 1812,
in Leitersburg, Md. In 1835 he moved to
Indiana and studied law; and then set
tled in Ohio. In 1837 he was elected mas
ter in chancery; and in 1842 a state sena
tor. He was a representative in congress
from 1847 to 1849.
LAIDLAW, WILLIAM G., naval officer,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 1,
1840, in Scotland. He served two years
in the United States navy during the war
of the rebellion. He was district attorney
of Cattaraugus county, New York, from
1872 till 1878. He was elected to the fif
tieth and fifty-first congresses as a re
publican.
LAIGHTON, ALBERT, banker, poet,
was born Jan. 8, 1829, in Portsmouth, N.
H. He was a banker of Portsmouth, N.
H.; and the author of Poems, a collec
tion of quiet, thoughtful poetry published
in 1878. He died Feb. 6, 1887, in Ports
mouth, N. H.
LAING, GEORGE M.. lawyer, state leg
islator, was born in 1850 in Canada. He
has been president of the board of edu
cation of Windom, Minn.; in 1888 was ap
pointed to revise and codify the probate
laws of Minnesota; and in 1896 was elect
ed a representative of the Minnesota state
legislature.
LAIRD, JAMES, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 20, 1849, in Fow-
lerville, N. Y. He moved to Michigan;
and served in the union army from 1862
to the close of the civil war. He settled
at Hastings, Neb., in the practice of law.
He was elected a representative from Ne
braska to the forty-eighth congress; and
was re-elected to the forty-ninth and fif
tieth congresses as a republican.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
567
LAKE, WILLIAM A., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman. He served in the leg
islature of Maryland. He moved to Mis
sissippi; and was elected to the senate of
that state. Ke was a representative in
congress from Mississippi during the thir
ty-fourth congress.
LAKEY, EMILY JANE, artist, was
born June 22, 1837, in Quincy, N. Y. She
turned her attention to painting, and ex
hibited her work first in Chicago, and in
1873 at the National Academy of Design.
Her bestknown paintings are Leader of the
Herd; An Anxious Mother; and Right of
Way.
LALOR, TERESA, mother superior,
was born in 1766 in Ireland. In 1799 she
opened a school in Georgetown, D. C.
This school was the beginning of what is
to-day the oldest Roman catholic female
academy within the limits of the thirteen
original states. She died in 1846 in
Georgetown, D. C.
LAMAR, HENRY G., congressman, was
born in Georgia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1829
to 1833.
LAMAR, LUCIUS QUINTUS CINCIN-
NATUS, jurist, was born July 15, 1797,
near Eatonton, Ga. In 1830 he was elect
ed, judge of the superior court of Geor
gia. He died July 4, 1834, in Milledgeville,
Ga.
LAMAR, LUCIUS QUINTUS CINCIN-
NATLIS, soldier, lawyer, congressman,
United States senator, was born Septem
ber, 1825, in Putnam county, Ga. He was
elected a representative from Mississippi
to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses. He resigned in 1860 to take a
seat in the secession convention of his
state; and in 1861 entered the confederate
army. He was elected to the forty-third con
gress, and re-elected to the forty-fourth
congress. In 1876 he was elected a sena
tor in congress from Mississippi for the
term beginning in 1877 and ending in
1883; was re-elected for the term ending
in 1889. In 1885 he became secretary of
the interior in the cabinet of President
Cleveland. He died Jan. 23, 1893, in Ma-
con, Ga.
LAMAR, MIRABEAU BONAPARTE,
soldier, merchant, journalist, statesman,
author, was born Aug. 16, 1798, in Louis
ville, Ga. He moved
to Texas in 1835;
^PWH^k and commanded a
cavalry company at
the battle of San Ja-
cinto, and rendered
effective service. In
1836 he was elected
first vice-president of
Texas, having for
some months previ
ous held the rank of
major-general. From
1838 to 1841 he was
president of Texas. He was the author
of a volume of poems entitled Verse Me
morials. He died Dec. 19, 1859, in Au
gusta, Texas.
LAMB, ALFRED W., congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from Missouri from 1847
to 1849.
LAMB, ARTEMUS, railroad president,
was born Sept. 11, 1840, in Steuben coun
ty, N. Y. He is president of the Crescent
Springs railroad and of the Northern
Mississippi railroad of Minnesota.
LAMB, EDWARD, actor, was born Oct.
18, 1828, in New York city. He played
his most successful engagement at the old
Park theater in Brooklyn, of which he
was lessee and manager. He died July 5,
1887, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
LAMB, G. H., lawyer, state senator,
was born Feb. 22, 1858, in Fountain coun
ty, Ind. Since 1889 he has practiced law
in Yates Center. In 1897 he was elected
a member of the Kansas state senate.
LAMB, ISAAC WIXAN, inventor, was
born Jan. 8, 1840, in Salem, Mich. The
Lamb Knitting Machine Manufacturing
company was organized in Springfield,
Mass., in 1865 and their manufactory re
moved to Chicopee Falls, Mass. His ma
chine produces more than thirty kinds of
knitted goods, making about 4,000 loops
a minute at ordinary speed.
LAMB, JOHN, soldier, state legislator,
was born Jan. 1, 1735, in New York city.
He was promoted to major and colonel of
artillery, and rendered good service
throughout the war. He was subsequent
ly elected to the New York legislature,
and was appointed by Washington collec
tor of customs for the port of New York,
which post he held till his death. He
died May 31, 1800, in New York city.
LAMB, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
was born June 12, 1840, in Sussex county,
Va. At the first alarm of war in 1860 he
^^^___^ went to the front as
a volunteer in the
Charles City troop;
and served through
the entire war with
distinguished gal
lantry. After the
war he returned to
his native county
and took up the
business of farming;
was soon elected
sheriff of his county,
and subsequently
served his people as treasurer, surveyor
and chairman of the county democratic
committee. He was elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a democrat.
LAMB, JOHN E., lawyer, congressman,
was born Dec. 26, 1852, in Terre Haute,
Ind. He was appointed prosecuting at
torney for the fourteenth judicial dis
trict of Indiana in 1875, and was elected
to that position in 1876. He was elected
a representative from Indiana to the for
ty-eighth congress as a democrat.
LAMB. MRS. MARTHA JOAN READE
[NASH], journalist, author, born Aug.
13, 1829, in Plainfield. Mass. She was an
historical writer of New York city; and
editor of the Magazine of American His
tory in 1883-93. She was the author of
The History of the City of New York, her
chief work, which is the result of a vast
amount of patient labor and research. Her
other works include, Spicy, a novel; Play-
School Stories; The Christmas Owl;
Snow and Sunshine, a Story for Girls;
and Wall Street in History. She died
in 1893.
LAMB, ROBERT N., soldier, lawyer,
banker, jurist, was born Nov. 23, 1824, in
Perry county, Ind. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the public
schools; and subsequently attended Han
over college, and the De Pauw univer
sity. In 1848-49 he was prosecuting at
torney; and for ten years following was
auditor of Switzerland county. During the
civil war he served in the union army,
with the rank of captain. In 1864-70 he
was judge of the common pleas and cir
cuit courts. In 1886-89 he was president
of the First National bank of Indianapo
lis, Ind.; and since 1887 has been presi
dent of the Consumers' Gas Trust com
pany of that city, where he has attained
success as one of the leading lawyers of
the state.
LAMB, WILLIAM, soldier, merchant,
statesman, was born Sept. 7, 1835, in Nor
folk, Va. He attended the Rappahannock
Military academy; the William and Mary
college; and in 1855 was valedictorian of
his class. During the war he built and
commanded Fort Fisher, N. C.; and re
pulsed Gens. Butler and Porter on
Christmas, 1864. He was captured at Fort
Fisher, after being desperately wounded,
on Jan. 15, 1865. These were the two
heaviest naval bombardments in the an
nals of the war; and the most prolonged
hand-to-hand fight during the civil war.
For six years he was mayor of Norfolk;
was actively identified with public affairs;
presided at both democratic and repub
lican state conventions; and was several
times on the presidential electoral ticket.
He engaged in the shipping business and
the export of Pocahontas coal, and has at
tained prominence as a successful mer
chant.
LAMB, WILLIAM JOHN, lawyer, legis
lator, was born Sept. 24, 1868, in Bell
Buckle, Tenn. He has attained success as
an able lawyer of Corinth, Miss. He has
served with distinction as a member of
the Mississippi state legislature.
LAMBDIN, ALFRED COCHRAN, phy
sician, journalist, author, was born Jan.
29, 1846, in Philadelphia. Since 1875 he has
been managing editor of the Philadelphia
Times. He is the author of An Account
of the Battle of Germantown.
LAMBDIN, GEORGE COCHRAN, ar
tist, was born in 1830 in Pittsburg, Pa.
He has been especially successful as a
painter of still life, particularly flowers.
His works include Dead Wife; Ask Me
No More; Portrait of Mrs. Joseph Har
rison; and Pink and Yellow Roses.
LAMBDIN, JAMES R., artist, was born
May 10, 1807, in Pittsburg, Pa. He has
been professor of fine arts in the univer
sity of Pennsylvania; was for twenty-five
years an active officer of the Pennsylvania
Academy of The Fine Arts; and has been
president of the Artists' Fund society.
LAMBERT, ALEXANDER, pianist,
composer, was born Nov. 1, 1862, in Po
land. He is the author of the following
compositions: Ave Maria; Valse Im
promptu; and Romanza.
LAMBERT, JOHN, was born in 1748 in
New Jersey. He was governor of New
Jersey during the years 1802 and 1803;
was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1805 to 1809, and from
1809 to 1815. He was a member of the
United States senate; and served many
years in the legislature. He died Feb.
4, 1823, in Amwell, N. .1. •
LAMBERT, JOHN J., soldier, journal
ist, was born Jan. 19, 1837, in Ireland.
During the civil war he served with dis
tinction in the union army, first as lieu
tenant, and later as captain of company
I, ninth regiment, Iowa volunteer cavalry,
until 1866. He afterward was commis
sioned a second lieutenant in the regular
army. Since 1870 he has been editor
of The Daily Chieftain of Pueblo, Colo.
In 1890 he was appointed receiver of the
United States land office at Pueblo for
four years.
LAMBERT, MRS. MARY ELIZA [FE
RINE] [TUCKER], author, poet, was
born in 1838 in Alabama. She is a writer
of Philadelphia; and the author of Po
ems; Loew's Bridge, a Broadway Idyl;
and Life of Mark Pomeroy.
LAMBERTON, ROBERT ALEXAN
DER, college president, was born April
26, 1824, in Carlisle, Pa. In 1880 he was
elected president of the Lehigh univer
sity of Pennsylvania. He died Sept. 1,
1893.
568
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LAMBING, ANDREW ARNOLD, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 1, 1842, in
Manorville, Pa. He has filled pastorates
in the Roman catholic churches of Pitts-
burg, Pa. He is the author of The Sunday
School Teacher's Manual; The Orphan's
Friend; The Sacramental of the Holy
Catholic Church; History of Allegheny
County, Pa.; and numerous other works.
LAMBORN, EMMA TAYLOR, poet. She
is a writer of St. Paul, Minn.; and the au
thor of a volume entitled Book of Sonnets.
LAMISON, CHARLES N., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born in 1820
in Columbia county, Pa. He was prose
cuting attorney for Allen county, Ohio,
one year by appointment, and four years
by election. He raised a company in
1861 and entered the army as captain in
the twentieth volunteers. He was after
wards major of the eighty-first volunteer
infantry. He was elected to the forty-
second and forty-third congresses as a
democrat.
LAMON, WARD HILL, lawyer, author.
He is an Illinois lawyer, law partner of
Abraham Lincoln; and the author of
Recollections of Abraham Lincoln; and
Life of Abraham Lincoln.
LAMONT, DANIEL SCOTT, cabinet
officer, was born Feb. 9, 1851, in Cort-
landville, N. Y. From 1883 until 1885
he was prhate secretary to the governor
of New York, and from the latter date to
1889 acted in the same capacity to the
president of the United States. On the
re-election of Mr. Cleveland to the presi
dency he became, in 1893, a member of his
cabinet, filling the place of secretary of
war.
LAMONT, GEORGE D., lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1823 in Western New York.
In 1862 he was appointed United States
judge for the provisional court of Louis
iana. In 1871 he was elected a judge of
the supreme court of New York for four
teen years. He died Jan. 15, 1876, in Lock-
port, N. Y.
LAMOREUX, SILAS WRIGHT, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born in 1842, in Mad
ison county, N. Y. He was president of
the Mayville Exchange bank for four
years; and county judge for sixteen years.
He served as a member of the Wisconsin
legislature for one term; and for four
years was commissioner of the general
land office.
LAMPORT, WILLIAM H., congress
man, was born May 27, 1811, in Pitts-
town, N. Y. He was elected to the as
sembly of New York in 1854; and was
elected to the forty-second and forty-third
congresses.
LAMPSON, ELBERT L., lawyer, states
man, was born July 30, 1852, in Windsor,
Ohio. He served twice as a member of
the Ohio house of representatives; was
speaker of the house; state senator, and
president of the senate. He has filled the
office of lieutenant-governor of Ohio.
LAMSON, ALVAN, clergyman, author,
•was born Nov. 18, 1792, in Weston, Mass.
He was a Unitarian clergyman of Dedham,
Mass., in 1818-60; and the author of His
tory of the First Church in Dedham; Ser
mons; and The Church of the First Three
Centuries. He died July 17, 1864, in Ded
ham, Mass.
LAMSON, DANIEL LOWELL, physi
cian, author, was born June 18, 1834, In
Hopkinton, Mass. He was a physician of
Fryebnrg, Maine; and the author of Lec
tures; and Differential Diagnosis of Dis
eases.
LAMSON, MRS. MARY [SWIFT], edu
cator, author, was born in 1822, in Massa
chusetts. She was for five years a teacher
of Laura Bridgman, the noted blind deaf
mute, and for three years in entire charge
of her education. She was the author of
Life and Education of Laura Dewey
Bridgman.
LANCASTER, COLUMBIA, congress
man. He was a delegate to congress from
the territory of Washington during the
years 1854 and 1855.
LANCASTER, JOSEPH, educator, au
thor, was born Nov. 25, 1778, in London,
England. He was the author of The Brit
ish System of Education. He died Oct.
24, 1838, in New York.
LANCE, WILLIAM, lawyer, author, was
born in 1791, in Charleston, S. C. He
was a lawyer and political writer of Char
leston, who published a Life of Washing
ton in Latin. He died in 1840, in Texas.
LAND, MAX EMMEL, lawyer, was born
April 3, 1872, in Maple Brook, Ga. He
attended the public schools, Jackson insti
tute, the Georgia Military and Agricul
tural college; and was admitted to the
bar in 1893. He has served as prosecut
ing attorney for Wilcox county; is a mem
ber of the democratic executive commit
tee of that county; and city attorney of
Abbeville, Ga.
LANDER, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist. He
was appointed chief justice of the United
States court for the territory of Wash
ington in 1853.
LANDER, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
soldier, was born Dec. 17, 1821, in Salem,
Mass. He served with distinction through
out the civil war,
and attained the
rank of brigadier-
general of volun
teers. He wrote
many stirring pa
triotic poems on in
cidents of the cam
paign. He was a gal
lant soldier, and took
part in many of the
most desperate bat
tles of the civil war.
He died March 2,
1862, in Paw Paw, Va.
LANDER, JEAN MARGARET DAVEN
PORT, actress, was born May 3, 1829, in
England. Her best character was that
of Queen Elizabeth. Her last appearance
was in Hawthorne's Scarlet Letter at the
Boston theater.
LANDER, LOUISA, sculptor, was born
Sept. 1, 1826, in Salem, Mass. Among
her works are a bust of Governor Gore of
Massachusetts; a bust of Hawthorne;
and a statuette of Virginia Dare, the first
English child born in America.
LANDER, SARAH WEST, author, was
born Nov. 27, 1S19, in Salem, Mass. She
was a writer of Salem, Mass., whose Spec
tacles for Young Eyes, a series of vol
umes of travel, was very popular. She
died Nov. 15, 1872, in Salem, Mass.
LANDERS, FRANKLIN, merchant,
state senator, congressman, was born
March 22, 1825, in Morgan county, Ind.
In 1860 he was elected state senator; and
in 1874 was elected a representative to
the forty-fourth congress from Indiana.
LANDERS, G. M., manufacturer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 22,
1813, in Lenox, Mass. He was a repre
sentative in the Connecticut state legisla
ture in 1851, 1867, and 1874; was state
senator in 1853, 1869, and 1873; and was
appointed bank commissioner for Connec
ticut in 1875. He was elected a represen
tative to the forty-fourth congress; and
re-elected to the forty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
LANDES, SILAS Z., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born May 15, 1842, In Au
gusta county, Va. In 1884 he was elected
a representative from Illinois to the forty-
ninth congress, and re-elected to the fif
tieth congress as a democrat. In 1891 he
was elected for six years judge of the
circuit court of Illinois.
LANDIS, CHARLES B., journalist, con
gressman, was born July 9, 1858, in Mill-
ville, Ohio. He served for four years from
1883 to 1887 as editor of the Logansport
Journal of Indiana; and at the time of
his nomination to congress was the edi
tor of the Delphi Journal. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
LANDIS, JOHN H., legislator, was born
Jan. 31, 1853, in Lancaster county, Pa.
He received his education in the common
schools, at the
county lyceums, and
/^ *V the Millersville State
Normal school. Dur
ing 1878-84 he was a
^^k ^j^ m member of the Penn
sylvania house of
representatives; su
pervisor of census in
• 1890; and served
cj^ ^4^^^ with distinction in
Y\ ff I t h e Pennsylvania
. \ I state senate during
1892-96. He was a
presidential elector in 1896; and since 1891
has been secretary of the Farmers' Pro
tective Tariff league of Pennsylvania.
LANDON, JUDSON STUART, lawyer,
author, was born in 1832, in Connecticut.
He is a lawyer of Schenectady, justice of
the supreme court of the state of New
York and lecturer in the Albany Law
school. He is the author of The Consti
tutional History and Government of the
United States.
LANDON, MELVILLE DE LANCEY,
lecturer, author, was born in 1839, in New
York. He is a popular humorous lecturer;
and the author of The Franco-Prussian
War in a Nutshell; Saratoga in 1901; Eli
Perkins at Large; Eli Perkins's Wit, Hu
mor, and Pathos; Fun and Fact, Thirty
Years of Wit; and Money: Silver, Gold,
or Bimetallism.
LANDRAM, JOHN JAMES, soldier,
state senator, was born Nov. 16, 1826, in
Warsaw, Ky. At the opening of the civ
il war he aided in recruiting and organiz
ing for the national government the
eighteenth Kentucky regiment, of which
he became lieutenant-colonel. He was
elected to 'the Kentucky state senate In
1863.
LANDRUM, JOHN M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 3, 1815, in Edge-
field district, S. C. He was elected a rep
resentative from Louisiana to the thirty-
sixth congress; and resigned in 1861.
LANDRUM, RICHARD H., soldier, law
yer, jurist, state senator, was born May
31, 1834, in Jefferson county, Tenn. He
served with distinc
tion through the civ
il war; and served
for a time as adju
tant of the seventy-
i sixth Missouri regi
ment. Since 1870 he
has practiced law in
» Mt. Vernon, Mo.; has
< been justice of the
I peace; judge of the
I county court, and al-
I so of the probate
• court and the court
of common pleas. He served with dis
tinction as a member of the thirty-seventh
Missouri general assembly; and in 1894
was elected a member of the state senate.
LANDRY, J. ARISTIDE, congressman,
was born in Louisiana. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1851 to 1853.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
569
LANDY, JAMES, merchant, congress
man, was born Oct. 13, 1813, in Philadel
phia, Pa. In 1856 he was elected a repre
sentative to the thirty-fifth congress from
Pennsylvania. He died July 24, 1875, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
LANE, ALBERT GRANNIS, educator,
-was born March 15, 1841, in Chicago, 111.
For eleven years he was principal of the
Chicago Franklin school, county superin
tendent of schools for eighteen years; and
since 1891 has been superintendent of the
Chicago schools.
LANE, AMOS, lawyer, legislator, was
born March 1, 1778, near Aurora, N. Y.
He was a representative in congress from
Indiana from 1833 to 1839, having pre
viously been a member of the state legis
lature, and ser\ed one session as speaker.
He died Sept. 2, 1849, in Lawrenceburg,
Ind.
LANE, EBKNEZER, lawyer, jurist, was
born Dec. 17, 1793, in Northampton, Mass.
He moved to Norwalk, Ohio; became
judge of the court of common pleas in
1824; and from 1837 till 1845 was judge
of the supreme court of Ohio. He died
June 13, 1866, in Sandusky, Ohio.
LANE, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 27, 1842, in
Cleveland, Ohio. He received an academic
education, after-
wards read law, and
was licensed to prac
tice by the supreme
A court of the state of
Illinois in February,
1865, and has since
practiced his profes
sion. He was elected
judge in 1869, and
served one term. He
was elected to the
fiftieth, fifty-first,
fifty-second, and fif
ty-third congresses as a democrat.
LANE, GEORGE W., lawyer, jurist. He
was appointed a United States district
judge in Alabama. He died Nov. 12, 1863,
in Louisville, Ky.
LANE, HENRY S., soldier, legislator,
congressman, governor, United States sen
ator, was born Feb. 24, 1811, in Montgom
ery county, Ky. In 1837 he was elected
to the Indiana legislature; and was a rep
resentative in congress from Indiana from
1841 to 1843. He served as a lieutenant-
colonel of volunteers in the war with
Mexico in 1846. In 1861 he was elected
governor of Indiana; and two days after
his inauguration was again elected a sena
tor in congress from Indiana for the term
ending in 1867. He died June 18, 1881, in
Crawfordsville, Ind.
LANE, JAMES HENRY, soldier, states
man, was born June 22, 1814, in Law
renceburg, Ind. In 1849 he was lieuten
ant-governor of Indiana; and was a rep
resentative in congress from Indiana
from 1853 to 1855. He settled in Kansas;
and was elected by the people major-gen
eral of the free state troops. On the ad
mission of Kansas into the union, he was
chosen a senator in congress; and was re-
elected for the term ending in 1871. He
died July 1, 1866, in Leavenworth, Kan.
LANE, JOHN WATSON, physician,
philosopher, was born March 6, 1830, in
Ripley, Ohio. He graduated in medicine
from the Cincinnati Medical college, and
is a prominent physician of Hamilton, 111.
He has written extensively concerning the
Truths of Religion, freed from Dogma;
and is the author of a number of poems.
LANE, JONATHAN H., journalist, sci
entist, was born Aug. 9, 1819, in Geneseo,
N. Y. He published papers on Electricity;
On the Law of Electric Induction in Met
als; and On the Law of Induction of an
Electric Current on Itself. He also pub
lished Theoretical Temperature of the
Sun; and Description of a New Form of
Mercurial Horizon. He died May 3, 1880,
in Washington, D. C.
LANE, JOSEPH, soldier, legislator,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Dec. 14, 1801, in Buncombe, N. C. He
was a member of the
legislature of Indiana
in 1822, serving in
that capacity, with
i occasional intervals,
J until 1846. He partici-
I pated in the war with
I Mexico; and was ap-
I pointed a brigadier-
general. In 1849 he
was appointed gov
ernor of the territory
of Oregon. He was
elected a delegate to
congress in 1851, where he was retained
by his constituents until the admission
of Oregon as a state in 1859, when he took
his seat as a senator in congress, serving
until 1861. He died April 19, 1881, in
Oregon.
LANE, LA FAYETTE, legislator, con
gressman, was born Nov. 12, 1842, in Van-
derburg county, Ind. He was elected to
the legislature of Oregon in 1864; and in
1875 was elected a representative to the
forty-fourth congress. He died Nov. 24,
1896, in Roseburg, Oregon.
LANE, LEMUEL M., lawyer, was born
Nov. 4, 1854, in Fillmore, Mo. After re
ceiving the rudiments of his education in
the common schools, he attended the Illi
nois State Normal school. He has been
mayor of Maryville, Mo., and twice its
city attorney. He was twice prosecuting
attorney of Nodaway county, Mo.; and
was one of the founders of the Methodist
college of Maryville. He is now practic
ing his profession with success in King
Fisher. Oklahoma; and is prominent in
the public affairs of that territory.
LANE, SAMUEL. He was one of the
first men appointed superintendent or
commissioner of public buildings for the
District of Columbia, but the date of his
appointment does not appear on the pub
lic records.
LANE, WILLIAM ALFRED, physician,
journalist, jurist, author, was born March
1, 1845, in Convis, Mich. For a quarter of
a century he has been editor and owner
of the Homer Index; and is the author of
Homer and Its Pioneers. He is judge of
the probate court of Carlisle county, Mich.
LANE, WILLIAM CARR, soldier, physi
cian, governor, was born Dec. 1, 1789, in
Westmoreland, Pa. He served as a sur
geon in the war of 1812 and the Mexican
war. In 1852 he was appointed governor
of New Mexico, resigning in 1853, when
he resumed the practice of medicine in
St. Louis.
LANG, BENJAMIN JOHNSON, pianist,
author, was born Dec. 28, 1837, in Salem,
Mass. He is the author of Marseillaise;
Chadwick; The Viking's Last Voyage;
and Henry of Navarre.
LANG, MARGARET RUTHVEN, au
thor, was born Nov. 27, 1867, in Boston,
Mass. She is the author of Dramatic
Overture; Witichis; and Totila.
LANGDALE, THOMAS GUY, clergy
man, was born Oct. 28, 1866, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. In 1888 he received the degree of
A. B. from the university of Cincinnati;
and in 1891 the degree of B. D. from the
Chicago Theological seminary. He has
filled pastorates in South Dakota; and
since 1896 has filled a pastorate in DeSmet.
In 1893-94 he was secretary of the South
Dakota Christian Endeavor union, and
since 1895 has been its president.
LANGDELL, CHRISTOPHER COLUM
BUS, lawyer, author, was born May 22,
1826, in New Hampshire. He is a legal
writer of distinction, dean of the Harvard
Law school; and the author of Cases on
the Law of Contracts; Summary of Equity
Pleading; Cases in Equity Pleading; and
Elementary Treatise on the Law of Con
tracts.
LANGDON, CHAUNCEY, lawyer, legis
lator, congressman. He was a representa
tive in congress from Vermont from 1815
to 1817; served seven years in the legis
lature of the state; and was a state coun
cilor for nine years. He died in 1830.
LANGDON, JOHN, congressman, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born
June '25, 1741, in Portsmouth, N. H. In
1775 and 1776 he was chosen a delegate to
congress from New Hampshire. He com
manded a company of volunteers in Ver
mont and Rhode Island. In his own state
he was in 1776 and 1777 speaker of the
house of representatives and judge of the
court of common pleas. In 1783 he was
again appointed a delegate to congress;
and was afterwards repeatedly a member
of the legislature, and speaker. In 1788 he
was chosen governor of the state; and
from 1789 to 1801 was senator of the
United States. From 1805 to 1808, and
again in 1810 and 1811 he was governor of
the state. He died Sept. 18, 1819, in Ports
mouth, N. H.
LANGDON, WILLIAM CHAUNCEY.
clergyman, author, was born Aug. 19, 1831,
in Burlington, Vt. He is an episcopal cler
gyman of Bedford, Pa.; and the author
of The Defects of our Practical Catholici
ty; Plain Papers for Parish Priests and
Peoples; The Catholic Reform Movement
in the Italian Church; and Conflict of
Practice and Principle in the American
Church. He died in 1895.
LANGDON, WOODBURY, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1739, in Ports
mouth, N. H. He was a delegate from
New Hampshire to the continental con
gress in 1779 and 1780; was a counselor
from 1781 to 1784; and a judge of the su
preme court of New Hampshire in 1782,
and from 1786 to 1790. He died Jan. 13,
1805, in Portsmouth, N. H.
LANGE, LOUIE A., journalist, legisla
tor, was born May 31, 1854, in Chicago,
111. He moved with his parents to Wis
consin in 1856, set
tling in Fond du
Lac; and in 1861
moved to Milwaukee,
where he was edu
cated in the public
schools and at Eng-
elman's academy. In
1870 he returned to
Fond du Lac, and
learned the printing
business. In 1874 he
was city editor of
The Chronicle of La
Porte, Ind.; and was city editor of the
Fond du Lac Commonwealth in 1877. For
a while he was engaged on the Evening
Wisconsin; in 1883 became part owner of
the Reporter of Fond du Lac, also estab
lishing a daily; two years later purchased
the entire plant; and is now proprietor
of the Reporter Printing house. Since
1891 he has been a director of the pub
lic library; and was alderman and presi
dent of the common council and board of
education for four years. In 1892 he was
elected to the assembly of the Wisconsin
state legislature, and received the re-elec
tion in 1894 and in 1896.
570
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LANGERFELDT, THEODORE OTTO,
artist, was born March 2, 1841, in Ger
many. One of his architectural paintings
was awarded a prize at the centennial ex
hibition of Philadelphia in 1876.
LANGLEY, JOHN WESLEY, lawyer,
legislator, was born Jan. 14, 1863, in Floyd
county, Ky. He received his education
in the Columbian, Georgetown, and the
National universities of Washington. D.
C. He has been clerk in the pension and
land offices; a member of the board of
pension appeals of Washington, D. C.; and
a delegate to the national republican
convention in 1888. He has twice served
as a member of the Kentucky state legis
lature; and was the republican nominee
for speaker. In 1896 he was republican
nominee for congress from his district.
He is one of the foremost lawyers and
orators of Kentucky; and has a large
practice in Prestonburg.
LANGLEY, JOHN WILLIAMS, chemist,
was born Oct. 21, 1841, in Salem, Mass.
His scientific work has been principally
in connection with the development of the
chemistry of iron-ores, and his results
have been published in the American
Journal of Science and elsewhere.
LANGLEY, SAMUEL PIERPONT, as
tronomer, author, was born in 1834, in
Massachusetts. He is an astronomer of
eminence, the secretary of the Smithson
ian institution since 1887; and the author
of Researches on Solar Heat; and The
New Astronomy.
LANGSTON, ASA HENRY, lawyer, leg
islator, was born Nov. 4, 1868, in Leake
county, Miss. He received his education
in the common schools, the Mississippi
Central Normal school, and at the luka
Normal institute. In 1896 he was elected
a representative in the Mississippi state
legislature for the term of four years. He
is prominent in literature and history,
and in the science of government; and a
prominent lawyer of Carthage.
LANGSTON, JOHN MERCER, educator,
lawyer, congressman, author, was born
Dec. 14, 1829, in Louisa Court House, Va.
In 1869 he was elected professor of law
in Howard university, and was made dean
of the law department. During the last
two years of his service he was vice-pres
ident and acting president of the univer
sity. From 1870 to 1877 he was a member
of the board of health of the District of
Columbia, and its attorney. He was
elected to the fifty-first congress. He is
the author of Freedom and Citizenship.
LANGSTROTH, LORENZO LORRAINE,
clergyman, inventor, author, was born
Dec. 25, 1810, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
invented the movable-comb hive, which
has come into extensive use; and is the
author of The Hive and the Honey-Bee.
LANGWORTHY, EDWARD, congress
man. He was a delegate from Georgia to
the continental congress from 1777 to
1779, and was one of the signers of the
articles of confederation.
LANHAM, SAMUEL W. T., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born July 4, 1846,
in Spartanburg district, S. C. He entered
the confederate army when a boy. He set
tled in Weatherford, Tex.; was dis
trict attorney; and was elected a repre
sentative from Texas to the forty-eighth
congress. He was re-elected to the forty-
ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, and
fifty-fifth congresses as a democrat.
LANIER, CLIFFORD ANDERSON, au
thor, poet, was born April 24, 1844, in
Griffin, Ga. He is the author of Two Hun
dred Bales; and Thorn-Fruit.
LANIER, SIDNEY, author, poet, was
born Feb. 3, 1842, in Macon, Ga. A Cen
tennial Ode, written for the opening of
the exposition of 1876, first brought him
into general notice. Subsequently he lec
tured upon English literature in Balti
more. He was the author of Poems; Ti
ger Lilies, a novel; The Science of Eng
lish Verse; The English Novel and its
Development; Florida: its Scenery, His
tory, and Climate. He edited The Boys'
Percy; The Boys' Mabinogion; The Boys'
King Arthur; and The Boys' Froissart.
He died Sept. 7, 1881, in Lynn, N. C.
LANIGAN, GEORGE THOMAS, jour
nalist, author, was born Dec. 10, 1845, in
Quebec, Canada. He was a journalist of
Montreal, and subsequently of New York
city; and the author of Canadian Bal
lads; and Fables Out of the World. He
died Feb. 5, 1886, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LANING, JAY FORD, lawyer, journal
ist, state senator, was born May 15, 1853,
in New London, Ohio. He is a successful
publisher of Norwalk, Ohio; and in 1897
was elected a member of the general as
sembly of Ohio.
LANMAN, CHARLES, journalist, li
brarian, author, was born June 14, 1819,
in Monroe, Mich. In 1849 he was librarian
of the war department at Washington,
D. C.; and in 1850 became the private sec
retary of Daniel Webster. In 1853 he was
examiner of depositaries for the southern
states; and in 1855-57 was librarian of
the interior department. In 1866 he was
librarian of the house of representatives;
and during 1871-82 was secretary to the
Japanese legation. His principal works
are: Essays for Summer Hours; Summer
in the Wilderness; Private Life of Daniel
Webster; Dictionary of Congress; The
Red Book of Michigan; Leading Men of
Japan; Letters from a Landscape Paint
er; Tour to the River Saguenay; Farthest
North; and Haphazard Personalities. He
died about 1892, in Washington, D. C.
LANMAN, CHARLES JAMES, lawyer,
jurist, was born June 5, 1795, in Norwich,
Conn. He settled in Monroe, Mich.; and
was judge of probate and inspector of
customs. He was a founder of Tecumseh,
Mich.; and the surveyor, and once the
sole owner of the land where the city of
Grand Rapids now stands. In 1835 he re
turned to his native city, and three years
later was made its mayor. In 1862 he
moved to New London, Conn., where he
died July 25, 1870.
LANMAN, CHARLES ROCKWELL,
orientalist, educator, author, was born
July 8, 1850, in Norwich, Conn. Since
1880 he has filled the chair of Sanskrit in
the Harvard university. He is the author
of a Sanskrit Grammar, and several
works on oriental subjects.
LANMAN, JAMES, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born June 14,
1769, in Norwich, Conn. He was a mem
ber of the convention which framed the
first constitution of Connecticut in 1818.
He was elected a United States senator,
and sened during 1819-25. He was sub
sequently a judge of the supreme and su
perior courts of Connecticut during 1826-
29. He died Aug. 7, 1841, in Norwich,
Conn.
LANMAN, JAMES HENRY, lawyer, au
thor, was born Dec. 4, 1812, in Norwich,
Conn. He was the author of A History of
Michigan, which was afterward issued
under the title of History of Michigan
From its Earliest Colonization to 1842.
He contributed extensively to the North
American and the American Quarterly
Reviews. He died Jan. 10, 1887, in Mid-
dletown, Conn.
LANMAN, JOSEPH, naval officer, was
born July 11, 1811, in Norwich, Conn. He
served in the United States navy during
the civil war, attaining the rank of rear-
admiral. He died March 13, 1874, in Nor
wich, Conn.
LANSIL, WALTER F., artist, was born
in 1846, in Bangor, Maine. He settled in
Boston, where he has passed his profes
sional life. He effectively represents the
luminous effects of sunrise and sunset.
Among his works are Crossing the
Gorges; and an evening View of Charles-
town, with Shipping.
LANSING, FREDERICK, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Feb. 16, 1838,
in Manheim, N. Y. He has resided in
^^^ Watertown since
1856. He served dur-
, ing the war in the
% I eighth New York
cavalry; was acting
adjutant of that reg
iment in 1863; was
'"'*' § badly wounded at
' affl^B the battle of Bristoe
Station, and the next
year was discharged
on account of
wounds. He was
elected state senator
in 1881; and in 1883 was re-elected. He
was elected to the fifty-first congress as a
republican. He declined a renomination.
He died Jan. 30, 1894, in Watertown, N. Y.
LANSING, GERIT Y., congressman, was
born in 1783, in Albany, N. Y. He served
four years in the legislature of that state;
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1831 to 1837; and was for
many years chancellor of the board of
regents of the university of New York.
He died Jan. 3, 1862, in Albany, N. Y.
LANSING, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 30, 1754, in Al
bany, N. Y. He was a delegate from New
York to the continental congress from
1784 to 1788; also a member of the con
vention that framed the federal constitu
tion. He died Dec. 12, 1829; in New York
city.
LANSING, JOHN GULIAN, educator,
clergyman, author, was born in 1851, in
Louisiana. He is a Dutch reformed cler
gyman, professor of Old Testament lan
guages in the New Brunswick Theological
seminary, New Jersey; and the author of
American Revised Version of the Book
of Psalms; and An Arabic Manual.
LANSING, WILLIAM E., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1822, in Sullivan,
N. Y. In 1860 he was elected a represen-
tathe from New York to the thirty-sev
enth congress; and was re-elected to the
forty-second and forty-third congresses as
a republican. He died July 29, 1883.
LANZA, MARCHIONESS CLARA
[HAMMOND], author, was born in 1858,
in Kansas. She is a novelist of New York
city; and the author of Tit for Tat; Mr.
Perkins's Daughter; A Righteous Apos
tate; Tales of Eccentric Life; A Modern
Marriage; David Morton's Transgression;
and A Golden Pilgrimage.
LAPHAM, ELBRIDGE GERRY, civil
engineer, lawyer, congressman. United
States senator, was born Oct. 18, 1814, in
Farmington, N. Y. He was civil engineer
on the Michigan Southern railroad; and
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-fourth congress. He
was re-elected to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, and forty-seventh congresses; and
was elected a United States senator from
New York for the term ending in 1885, to
fill a vacancy.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY
571
LAPHAM, HENRY GRIFFITH, leather
merchant, was born Feb. 24, 1822, in Can-
by, Vt. He was principally engaged in
the tanning and lum
ber business in New
York and Pennsyl
vania, and engaged
in the manufacture
of leather and lum
ber in northwestern
Pennsylvania. Later
• he took an active
part in the produc
tion of petroleum in
Pennsylvania and
Ohio. He was also
interested in ranch
ing in Mexico. The United States Leather
Co. is one of the greatest corporations in
America. He died Jan. 28, 1881, in New
York city.
LAPHAM, INCREASE ALLEN, scien
tist, author, was born March 7, 1811, in
Palmyra, N. Y. He was a prominent sci
entist of Milwaukee; and the author of
Antiquities of Wisconsin; Wisconsin: its
Geography, Topography. History, Geolo
gy, and Mineralogy. He died Sept. 14,
1875, in Oconomowoc, Wis.
LAPHAM, MARSHALL, financier, was
born July 3, 1867, in Kalamazoo county,
Mich. In 1887-90 he was auditor of the
Chicago and Calumet Terminal railway;
and since 1893 has been secretary and
treasurer of the Chicago, Joliet and South
western railway.
LAPHAM, OSCAR, soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born June
29, 1837, in Burrillville, R. I. He was first
lieutenant, adjutant, and captain in
twelfth Rhode Island volunteers, and
served in Virginia and Kentucky, in army
of Potomac and department of Ohio. He
represented the city of Providence in the
Rhode Island state senate in 1887-88. He
was democratic candidate for congress in
1882, 1886 and 1888, and was elected to the
fifty-second and fifty-third congresses.
LAPHAM, WILLIAM BERRY, physi
cian, journalist, author, was born Aug. 21,
1828, in Greenwood, Maine. He was an
agricultural editor of Maine, who pub
lished several histories of Maine locali
ties, including Woodstock, Paris, Norway,
Bar Harbor, and Mount Desert Island.
LAPORTE, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1833 to 1837.
LARCOM, LUCY, author, poet, was born
in 1826, in Beverly, Mass. She was a pop
ular verse and prose writer of Beverly,
Mass., who in early life worked in the
Lowell factories, and was a contributor
to the noted Lowell Offering. Her writ
ings in verse include, At the Beautiful
Gate; Childhood Songs; Wild Roses of
Cape Ann; An Idyl of Work; Easter
Gleams; Complete Poems. Skipper Ben
and Hannah Binding Shoes are her best
known lyrics. Her original work in prose
comprises, Ships in the Mist, and Other
Stories; The Sunbeam; Similitudes; Leila
among the Mountains; The Unseen
Friend; As It is in Heaven; and A New
England Girlhood, an autobiographic
work. She died in 1893.
LARDNER, JAMES L., naval officer,
was born in 1802, in Pennsylvania. He
served through the Mexican and civil wars
in the United States navy, attaining the
rank of rear admiral. He died April 13,
1881, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LARGE, GEORGE HALL, lawyer, state
senator, was born Dec. 1, 1850, in Wash
ington, D. C. During 1885-88 he was a
member of the New Jersey state senate,
and in the latter year was president of
that body.
LARIMER, WILLIAM, soldier, mer
chant, banker, lawyer, jurist, state legis
lator, was born Oct. 24, 1809, in West
moreland county, Pa. In 1855 he went to
Nebraska; and served in the territorial
legislature in 1856. In the beginning of
the civil war he raised a regiment of vol
unteers in Colorado and was commis
sioned colonel. He served in Kansas, In
dian territory, and Arkansas, and was
mustered out in August, 1865. He died
May 16, 1875, near Leavenworth, Kan.
LARKIN, DANIEL CHARLES, civil en
gineer, was born July 29, 1849, in San-
dusky, Ohio. Up to 1875 he was con
nected with the
Brotherhood of Lo
comotive Engineers;
and was one of the
founders of the Gem
city assembly
Knights of Labor.
Since 1880 he has
been chief of the fire
department of Day
ton, Ohio; and takes
an active part in the
public affairs of his
city, county and
state. He also contributes to newspapers
and magazines.
LARKIN, JOHN, college president, was
born in 1801, in England. In 1851 he be
came president of St. John's college in
Fordham, N. Y., resigning in 1854. He
died Dec. 11, 1858, in Fordham, N. Y.
LARKIN, LUCIEN A., journalist, law
yer, was born Nov. 22, 1865, in Lynchburg,
Va. He received a liberal education in the
common schools, and at Bethel Military
academy. For many years he was editor
and owner of The Gazette of Manassas,
Va., where he now practices his profes
sion of law, and takes an active part in
the public affairs of his county and state.
LARNED, AUGUSTA, journalist, au
thor, poet, was born April 16, 1835, in
Rutland, N. Y. She is a journalist of
New York city; and the author of Home
Story Scenes; Talks with Girls; Old
Tales from Grecian Mythology; Tales
from the Norse Grandmother; Village
Photographs; and In Woods and Fields,
a book of verse.
LARNED, CHARLES WILLIAM, sol
dier, educator, philologist, was born
March 9, 1850, in New York city. In
1870 he graduated from the United States
Military academy of West Point. He has
been first and second lieutenant of the
seventh New York cavalry, and served on
frontier in Kansas; then on reconstruc
tion service in Kentucky and Tennessee.
In 1873 he was in the Dakota expedition
against Sitting Bull, under Stanley and
Custer, and was in the fight at the mouth
of the Big Horn. Since 1876 he has been
professor of topographical and mechani
cal drawing in the United States Military
academy. He is a member of the Ameri
can Philological association, and other
scientific bodies; and has contributed ex
tensively to current literature.
LARNED, EBENEZER, soldier, con
gressman, was born April 18, 1728, in Ox
ford, Mass. In 1774 he was a delegate to
the provincial congress at Concord, Mass.
He served through the revolutionary war,
attaining the rank of brigadier-general in
1777. He died April 1, 1801, in Oxford,
Mass.
LARNED, EDWIN CHANNING, educa
tor, lawyer, author, was born July 14,
1820, in Providence, R. I. He was ap
pointed United States district attorney
for the northern district of Illinois in
1861. He died Sept. 18, 1884, in Lake For
est, 111.
LARNED, ELLEN DOUGLAS, author,
was born July 13, 1825, in Thompson,
Conn. She is the author of a History of
Windham County, Conn.; and of a History
of the Town of Woodstock, Conn.
LARNED, JOSHUA NELSON, author,
was born in 1836, in Canada. He is the
superintendent of the public library at
Buffalo; and the author of History for
Ready Reference; and Talks About La
bor.
LARNED, SIMON, soldier, congress
man, was born Aug. 13, 1753, in Thomp
son, Conn. He served as colonel of mili
tia; was, for a time, sheriff of Berkshire
county; and was a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts to fill a va
cancy. He died Nov. 16, 1817, in Pitts-
field, Mass.
LARNED, WALTER CRANSTON, law
yer, author, was born in 1850, in Illinois.
He is a lawyer and litterateur of Lake
Forest, 111.; and the author of Churches
and Castles of Mediaeval France.
LARNED, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, edu
cator, author, was born June 23, 1806, in
Thompson, Conn. In 1839 he became pro
fessor of rhetoric and English literature
at Yale, which post he held until his
death. In the later years of his life he
prepared and printed, but did not pub
lish, a valuable edition of the Oration of
Demosthenes on the Crown, with philo
logical and rhetorical notes. He died Feb.
3, 1862, in New Haven, Conn.
LARNER, JOHN BELL, lawyer, author,
was born Aug. 3, 1858, in Washington, D.
C. He has become prominent as a law
yer of ability in Washington, D. C. He is
the author of an English translation of
Alex. Dumas' Napoleon.
LA ROCHE, RENE, physician, author,
was born in 1795, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was a Philadelphia physician; and the
author of Pneumonia: its Supposed Con
nection with Autumnal Fevers; and Trea
tise on Yellow Fever. He died in Decem
ber, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LARRABEE, CHARLES HATHAWAY,
soldier, lawyer, journalist, jurist, con
gressman, was .born Nov. 9, 1820, in Rome,
N. Y. In 1847 he settled in Wisconsin, and
became a member of the convention to
frame a state constitution. In 1848 he was
elected a circuit judge, and after serving
ten years, resigned. He was elected a
representative from Wisconsin to the
thirty-sixth congress. He subsequently
entered the army in the volunteer service,
and had command as colonel of a regi
ment from his state. He died Jan. 20,
1883, in Tehachapi Pass, Cal.
LARRABEE, WILLIAM, governor of
Iowa, was born Jan. 20, 1832, in Ledyard,
Conn. He served in the Iowa state senate
in 1868-85; and since 1885 has been gov
ernor of the state.
LARRABEE, WILLIAM CLARK, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Dec.
23, 1802, in Cape Elizabeth, Maine. He was
a once prominent methodist clergyman
and educator of Indiana; and professor in
De Pauw university for a number of years.
He was the author of Scientific Evidences
of Natural and Revealed Religion; Wes
ley and his Co-Laborers; Asbury and his
Co-Laborers; and Rosebower, a volume
of essays. He died May 4, 1859, in Green-
castle, Ind.
LARREMORE, RICHARD LUDLOW,
lawyer, jurist, was born Sept. 6, 1830, in
Astoria, N. Y. In 1870 he was elected a
justice of the court of common pleas of
New York for fifteen years, and re-elected
in 1885, when he became chief justice.
572
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LARSON, LARS M., educator, philan
thropist, was born Aug. 20, 1856, near
Springfield, Wis. He received his educa
tion in the Wiscon
sin schools for the
Deaf of Delavan,
Wis.; and at the Na
tional College for the
Deaf of Washington,
D. C. He is the or
ganizer and founder
of the New Mexico
School for the Deaf
and the Blind of
Santa Pe. In 1887
this institution was
incorporated by act
of legislature, and placed on an equal
footing with similar schools in the United
States. It was then placed under the
management of a committee of three of
ficers of the territory, and Mr. Larson
was made superintendent and instructor.
This school is the first public institution
of learning to become the property of
New Mexico; and is now on a sound
financial basis.
LA SALLE, ROBERT CAVALIER, ex
plorer, was born Nov. 22, 1643, in Rouen.
He explored the Mississippi; and took
possession of the entire valley at its
mouth for France, calling it Louisiana.
He died March 17, 1687.
LA SERE, EMILE, congressman, was
born in Louisiana. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1846
to 1851.
LASH, ISRAEL G., manufacturer, bank
er, congressman, was born Aug. 18, 1810,
in Bethania, N. C. He was elected a rep
resentative from North Carolina to the
fortieth congress, and was re-elected to
the forty-first congress as a republican.
LASH, W. A., railroad president, was
born June 7, 1845, in Walnut Grove, N. C.
In 1891 he became president of the Cape
Fear and Yaclkin Valley railway.
LATANE, JAMES ALLEN, reformed
episcopal bishop, was born Jan. 15, 1831,
in Essex county, Va. At the general coun
cil of the church in Baltimore in 1883 he
was unanimously elected presiding bishop
•of the reformed episcopal church of the
United States. He has resided in Balti
more. Md., since 1880 in charge of the
Bishop Gumming Memorial church.
LATHAM, CHARLES STERRETT, au
thor, was born in 1861, in California. He
was the author of a Translation of Dante's
Eleven Letters, with Explanatory Notes
and Historical Comments. He died in
1890.
LATHAM, EDGAR, lawyer, was born
Feb. 12, 1873, in Haralson county, Ga.
In 1893 he was admitted to the bar; and is
one of the leading lawyers of Atlanta.
He has contributed extensively to law
literature, and to the periodical press on
various topics.
LATHAM, GEORGE ROBERT, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, congressman, was born
March 9, 1832, in Prince William county,
Va., in sight of the
Bull Run battle
ground. In 1852 he
began teaching
school in Taylor and
Barbour counties,
Va.; and in 1859 he
was admitted to the
bar. He enrolled
company B, second
regiment Virginia
volunteer infantry,
which was the first
union company re
cruited in the interior of the state; he
was promoted to captain and colonel; and
toward the close of the war was bre-
vetted brigadier-general. In 1864 he was
elected a member of the thirty-ninth con
gress, and during his term served on im
portant committees. He was subsequently
appointed United States consul at Mel
bourne, Australia, for three years.
Since 1870 Colonel Latham has retired
mostly from public life, with the excep
tion of census enumerator and county su
perintendent of schools, and minor offices.
LATHAM, LOUIS CHARLES, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 11,
1840, in Plymouth, N. C. He served in
the confederate army during the war of
the rebellion, and attained the rank of
major. He was elected a member of the
state house of commons in 1864; and was
elected a state senator in 1870. He was
elected a representative from North Caro
lina to the forty-seventh congress, and
was elected to the fiftieth congress as a
democrat.
LATHAM, MILTON SCOTT, banker,
lawyer, congressman, governor, United
States senator, was born May 23, 1827, in
Columbus, Ohio. He removed to Califor
nia in 1850, and was soon afterwards
chosen district attorney for the counties
of Sacramento and El Dorado, which of
fice he held in 1851. In 1852 he was elected
a representative from California to the
thirty-seventh congress. Having been
elected go\ernor of California, three days
after his inauguration, in January, 1860,
he was elected a senator in congress from
California for six years. He died March
4, 1882, in New York city.
LATHBURY, MRS. MARY A., author.
She is the author of That Sweet Story of
Old; Bethlehem and her Children; Child's
History of Paul; Fleda and the Voice;
and From Meadow Sweet to Mistletoe.
LATHROP, FRANCIS, artist, was born
June 22, 1849, near Hawaiian Islands. He
has devoted himself chiefly to mural
painting, stained-glass windows, and
other decorative designs for public and
private buildings in Boston, New York,
Baltimore, and other places. He furnished
the illustrations for Clarence Cook's House
Beautiful, and for other artistic publica
tions.
LATHROP, GEORGE PARSONS, au
thor, poet, was born Aug. 25, 1851, in Ha
waiian Islands. He is a litterateur of
New York city, and more recently of New
London. His writings in verse include,
Rose and Rooftree; Dreams and Days. In
fiction they comprise, Afterglow; An
Echo of Passion; In the Distance; New
port; Would You Kill Him?; True; Two
Sides of a Story; Love Wins; Gold of
Pleasure; Behind Time. Other works are,
A Study of Hawthorne; Spanish Vistas;
and A Story of Courage: Annals of the
Georgetown Convent.
LATHROP, JOHN, journalist, lawyer,
author, was born Jan. 13, 1772, in Boston,
Mass. He is the author of a work en
titled Pocket Register and Freemasons'
Anthology. He died Jan. 30, 1820, in
Georgetown, D. C.
LATHROP, JOHN HIRAM, college
president, was born Jan. 22, 1799, in Sher-
burne, N. Y. In 1840 he was elected the
first president of the university of the
state of Missouri. He died Aug. 2, 1866.
LATHROP, MRS. MARY T., educator,
lecturer, poet, was born in 1838, in Con
cord, Mich. She taught in the Detroit
public schools for a while; went into
evangelistic work in 1873; and for twelve
years gave all her time to that and the
Woman's Foreign Missionary society of
the methodist episcopal church.
LATHROP, MRS. ROSE [HAW
THORNE], artist, author, was born May
20, 1851, in Lenox, Mass. She is the au
thor of Along the Shore, a volume of
verse; and Some Memories of Hawthorne.
LATHROP, SAMUEL, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 1771, in
Hampden county, Mass. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Massachusetts
from 1818 to 1826; and was a member of
the Massachusetts senate for ten years,
and president of that body in 1829 and
1830. He died July 11, 1846, in West
Springfield.
LATHROP, STANLEY E., soldier, cler
gyman, author, poet, was born May 7,
1843, in Orville, N. Y. In 1861 he enlisted
and served through the civil war as a
company commissary sergeant in the first
Wisconsin ca\ airy. He is now pastor of
the first congregational church of Wash-
burn, Wis.; and is the author of a volume
of poems.
LATHROP, WILLIAM, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
17, 1825, in Genesee county, N. Y. He
removed to Illinois and was a member of
the legislature of that state in 1856; and
was elected a representative from Illi
nois to the forty-fifth congress as a repub
lican.
LAT1MER, ASBURY, agriculturist,
congressman, was born July 31, 1851, near
Lowndesville, S. C. He moved to Belton,
S. C., in 1880, .and
devoted his energies
to his farm. He was
elected county chair
man of the demo
cratic party of his
county in 1890; and
re-elected in 1892. He
was elected to the
fifty-third, fi f t y -
fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a dem
ocrat.
LATIMER, CHARLES, civil engineer,
author, was born Sept. 7, 1827, in Wash
ington. D. C. He is an engineer of note
who has published Roadmaster's Assist
ants; The Divining Rod; and Battle of
Standards. He died March 25, 1888, in
Cleveland, Ohio.
LATIMER, GEORGE, statesman, was
born in 1750 in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
a delegate to the Pennsylvania convention
that ratified the constitution of the
United States in 1787; a member of the
lower house of the legislature in 1792-99;
and its speaker for five years. He died
June 12, 1825, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LATIMER, JAMES ELIJAH, educator,
was born Oct. 7, 1826, in Hartford, Conn.
After holding several pastorates he was
chosen professor of historic theology in
the theological school of Boston univer
sity. In 1874 he became dean and profes
sor of systematic theology. He died Nov.
26, 1884, in Auburndale, Mass.
LATIMER, MRS. MARY ELIZABETH
[WORMELEY], educator, author, was
born in 1822 in England. She is an edu
cator of Baltimore; and the author of Fa
miliar Talks on Shakespeare's Comedies;
France in the Nineteenth Century, 1830-
90; Russia and Turkey in the Nineteenth
Century; England in the Nineteenth Cen
tury; Europe in Africa in the Nineteenth
Century; and Italy in the Nineteenth
Century.
LATIMER, WILLIAM KAY, naval offi
cer, was born Sept. 1, 1794, in Annapolis,
Md. He was appointed a midshipman in
1809; and was promoted captain in 1843;
and during the Mexican war was com
mandant of the navy-yard at Pensacola,
Fla. He was retired in 1855, and made
a commodore on the retired list in 1862.
He died March 15, 1873, in Baltimore, Md.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRA.PHY.
573
LATROBE, CHARLES HAZLEHURST,
soldier, civil engineer, was born Dec. 25,
1833, in Baltimore, Md. His most remark
able works were in Peru, about a dozen in
all; among them the Arequipa viaduct,
which was 1,300 feet long and 65 feet high,
and the Agua de Verrugas bridge, 575 feet
long and 263 feet high. This structure
was built across one of the deepest gorges
in the Andes, and was, when erected, the
loftiest structure of its kind in the world.
LATROBE, FERDINAND CLAIBORNE,
lawyer, legislator, was born Oct. 14, 1833,
in Baltimore, Md. He received a liberal
education in the pub
lic schools, and at St.
James' college of
Washington county,
Md. He was admit
ted to the bar in
1860; was elected to
the Maryland state
legislature in 1867,
and was speaker dur
ing 1870-72. In 1860
he was appointed
judge adv ocate-gen-
eral, and assisted in
reorganizing the Maryland militia, under
the act of 1868, of which he was the au
thor. In 1875 he was elected mayor of
Baltimore, and filled that important office
for seven terms — fourteen years in all.
LATROBE, JOHN HAZELHURST
BONEVAL, lawyer, author, poet, was born
May 4, 1803, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
a lawyer of Baltimore; and the author of
History of Mason and Dixon's Line;
Three Great Battles; Justices' Practice
under the Laws of Maryland; Reminis
cences of West Point; Odds and Ends, a
book of verse; and History of Maryland
in Liberia. He died Sept. 11 1891, in
Baltimore, Md.
LATTA, SAMUEL ARMINIUS, clergy
man, physician, author, was born April 8,
1S04, in Muskingum county, Ohio. He was
a methodist clergyman of Ohio, subse
quently a physician in Cincinnati, who
published The Chain of Sacred Wonders.
He died June 28, 1852, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
LATTIMER, HENRY, physician, sur
geon, state legislator, congressman,
United States senator, was born April 24,
1752, in Newport, Del. He was a member
of the state legislature; was a represen
tative in congress from Delaware from
1793 to 1795; and a senator in congress
from 1795 to 1801, when he resigned. He
died Dec. 19, 1819, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LATTIMORE, SAMUEL ALLAN, educa
tor, chemist, was born May 31, 1828, in
Union county, Ind. In 1860 he was elect
ed professor of chemistry in Genesee col
lege, and in 1867 was called to fill a sim
ilar chair in the university of Rochester,
where he has since remained, and is also
a director of the Reynolds laboratory.
LATTIMORE, WILLIAM, physician,
congressman, was born Feb. 9, 1774, in
Norfolk, Va. He was a delegate to con
gress from Mississippi territory from 1803
to 1807, and from 1813 to 1817. He was a
delegate to the convention which framed
the first constitution of Mississippi. He
died April 3, 1843.
LATTO, THOMAS CARSTAIRS, jour
nalist, poet, was born Dec. 1, 1818, in
Scotland. His principal work is The Vil
lage-School Examination. The poems that
he has contributed to periodicals include
When we were at the Schule; The Blind
Lassie; The Grave of Sir Walter Scott;
and Lines on J. Fenimore Cooper.
LAUGHLIN, JAMES LAWRENCE, ed
ucator, economist, author, was born April
2, 1850, in Deerfield, Ohio. He is a politi
cal economist of note, professor at Har
vard university in 1883-87, and at Chi
cago university since 1892. He is the au
thor of Facts About Money; Study of Po
litical Economy; Elements of Political
Economy; and History of Bi-Metallism in
the United States.
LAUGHLIN, JOHN, lawyer, state sena
tor, was born March 14, 1856, in New-
stead, N. Y. He has attained success in
the practice of law; and in 1887 was a
member of the New York senate.
LAUMAN, JACOB GARTNER, soldier,
was born Jan. 20, 1813, in Taneytown,
Md. He served in the civil war and was
made brigadier-general of volunteers in
1862. He died in February, 1867, in Bur
lington, Iowa.
LAUNITZ, ROBERT EBERHARD,
sculptor, was born Nov. 4, 1806, in Rus
sia. He has been called the father of
monumental art in America. Among his
productions are the Pulaski monument in
Savannah, Ga.; the Battle monument in
Frankfort, Ky. ; and the monument to
Gen. George H. Thomas in Troy, N. Y.
He died Dec. 13, 1870, in New York city.
LAURENCE, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born in 1750 in England. In
1775 he was commissioned in the first New
York regiment, and served to the end of
the revolutionary war. In 1785 and 1786
he was a member of the first congress; in
1789 was elected a state senator, and dur
ing that year was elected by a five-sixths
vote a representative in the federal con
gress, serving from 1789 to 1793. He was
appointed in 1794 judge of the United
States district court for New York; and
was a senator in congress from 1796 to
1800. He died in 1810.
LAURENS. HENRY, statesman, was
born in 1724 in Charleston, S. C. He
was a member of the Carolina congress of
1775, and elected its president. He was
vice-president under the temporary con
stitution. He was a delegate to the con
tinental congress from 1777 to 1780; and
chosen president of that body during the
former year. He signed the articles of
confederation. He died Dec. 8, 1792, in
Charleston, S. C.
LAURIE, JAMES, civil engineer, was
born May 9, 1811, in Scotland. He built
the wrought-iron bridge across the Con
necticut river at Windsor Locks, which
was one of the first of its kind in the
United States. He died March 16, 1875,
in Hartford, Conn.
LAUTERBACH, EDWARD, lawyer,
was born Aug. 12, 1844, in New York city.
In 1864 he graduated from the College of
the City of New
York, and 'has at
tained prominence
as one of the fore
most lawyers of his
native city. He was
instrumental in pro
curing legislation
necessary to secure
the removal of the
telegraph poles, and
the construction ol
sub-ways in the city
of New York; and
was at one time president of the company
hav ing in charge these important im
provements. When the affairs of the
Brooklyn Elevated Railroad company
were in such an apparently hopeless con
dition that the enterprise was almost
abandoned, Mr. Lauterbach stepped in as
a reorganizer, and by his skillful direc
tion placed it on a successful basis. He
is a director in extensive southern rail
way systems, and in various other corpo
rations.
LA VALETTE, ELIE A. F., naval officer,
was born about 1790 in Virginia. He was
a favorite with Commodore Isaac Hull,
and accompanied that officer when he took
command of the Mediterranean squadron
in 1837. He was made a rear-admiral on
the retired list on July 16, 1862. He died
Nov. 18, 1862, in Philadelphia.
LAVELY, HENRY A., poet, was born
Jan. 16, 1831, in Pittsburg, Pa. He is in
the insurance business in Pittsburg, Pa.;
and is the author of a \olume of poems
entitled The Heart's Choice.
LAVERY, CHARLES J., physician, sur
geon, editor, was born Feb. 5, 1867, in
Clinton, N. Y. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the common
schools of his county; attended the Ster
ling Medical college of Columbus, Ohio;
and the College of Physicians and Sur
geons of Chicago. He has been superin
tendent of the Stanley county board of
health since 1891; was coroner of that
county in 1895-96; and since 1894 has
been physician and surgeon to the Stan
ley County hospital of South Dakota. He
has been a member of the South Dakota
state central committee; and since 1894
has been editor of Fairplay, a leading
newspaper of Port Pierre, S. D.
LAVRETTA, C. L., legislator, was born
Jan. 6, 1858, in Mobile, Ala. In 1892 he
was elected to the Alabama state legisla
ture from Mobile county; and in 1894 was
elected mayor of Mobile.
LAW, ANDREW, psalmodist, author,
was born in 1748, in Cheshire, Conn. He
published Musical Primer; A Collection of
the Best and Most Approved Tunes and
Anthems known to exist, which was sub
sequently combined with a second vol
ume entitled Christian Harmony; Orig
inal Collection of Music; and Rudiments
of Music. He died in July, 1821, in Ches
hire, Conn.
LAW, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in 1796
in New London, Conn. He was elected
a prosecuting attorney, and in 1823 a
member of the Indiana legislature; was
again elected attorney for his district,
and held that position until promoted to
a judgeship, which office he held by re-
elections for eight years. He was ap
pointed judge of the court of land claims,
to adjudicate the claims of the old inhab
itants of Indiana and Illinois, and was
reappointed in 1856. In 1860 he was elect
ed a representative from Indiana to the
thirty-seventh congress. He died Oct. 7,
1873, in Evansville, Ind.
LAW, JONATHAN, lawyer, jurist, gov
ernor, was born Aug. 6, 1674, in Milford,
Conn. He was chosen deputy-governor
of Connecticut in 1725. He was chief jus
tice of the supreme court of the state from
1725 to 1741; and governor from 1741 un
til his death. He died Nov. 6, 1750, in
Connecticut.
LAW, LYMAN, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born Aug. 19, 1770, in
New London, Conn. After serving in the
legislature of Connecticut and being
speaker of the house of representatives,
he was elected to congress and served
from 1811 to 1817. He died Feb. 3, 1842,
in New London, Conn.
LAW, RICHARD, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 17, 1733, in
Milford, Conn. He was president judge
of the county court of Connecticut and
judge of the supreme court. He was a
delegate to the continental congress from
1777 to 1778, and also from 1781 to 1784.
After the adoption of the federal constitu
tion he was appointed United States dis
trict judge, which office he held until his
death. He died Jan. 26, 1806, in New
London, Conn.
574
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LAWLER, FRANK, merchant, con
gressman, was born June 25, 1842, in
Rochester, N. Y. He was elected a mem
ber of the Chicago city council in 1870,
and re-elected in 1878, 1880, 1882 and 1884.
He was elected a representative from Illi
nois to the forty-ninth congress; and re-
elected to the fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses as a democrat. He died in 1890 in
Chicago, 111.
LAWLER, JOAB, clergyman, state sen
ator, congressman, was born June 12,
1796, in North Carolina. In 1826 he was
elected to the lower house of the Ala
bama legislature; and was re-elected un
til 1831, in which year he was elected to
the state senate. In 1832 he was appoint
ed receiver of public moneys for the Coosa
land district, and held the office until
1835. He was a representative in con
gress from Alabama from 1835 to 1838. He
died May 8, 1838, in Washington, D. C.
""LAWLER, MICHAEL K., soldier, was
born about 1820 in Illinois. At the begin
ning of the civil war he joined the union
army, and was commissioned colonel of
the eighteenth Illinois infantry in 1861.
He was made brigadier-general in 1863.
"LAWLESS, JOSEPH THOMAS, lawyer,
legislator, was born May 2, 1866, in Ports
mouth, Va. He received his education at
the Webster Military institute of Nor
folk, Va.; graduated with the degree of
M. A. from St. Mary's college of Belmont,
N. C.; and with the degree of B. L. from
Richmond college, Va. He is a prominent
lawyer of his native city; was journal
clerk in the house of delegates of Vir
ginia in 1883-89; and was trustee of the
public schools of Portsmouth. In 1889
he was elected to the state senate of Vir
ginia, and served with distinction for four
years. In 1893 he was elected secretary
of the commonwealth, receiving the re
election without opposition in 1895, and
again in 1897.
LAWRANCE, JOHN, United States sen
ator, was born in 1750 in England. He
was a United States senator from New
York. He died in New York city.
LAWRANCE, WILLIAM V., lawyer, au
thor, poet, was born Nov. 10, 1834, in
Greene county, Ohio. After receiving a
liberal education he
was admitted to the
bar in 1860. The fol
lowing year he en
listed as a private
soldier in the union
army and served un
til the close of the
war. In 1865 he be
gan the practice of
his profession in
Waverly, Ohio; and
three years later set
tled permanently in
Chillicothe. For several years he was
assistant quartermaster-general of the de
partment of the Ohio Grand Army of the
Republic. He is a successful lawyer and
author of two volumes of verse entitled
Ellina; and The Story of Judith; and he
is also the author of several prose works.
LAWRENCE, ABBOTT, merchant, con
gressman, philanthropist, was born Dec.
16, 1792, in Groton. Mass. He served in
the common council of Boston in 1831;
and was a representative in congress from
1835 to 1837, and again in 1839 and 1840.
In 1842 he was appointed a commissioner
to arrange the northeastern boundary
question; and was a presidential elector
in 1844. He founded a scientific school at
Cambridge, and his gifts and bequests to
various charitable and religious societies
proved him to be a man of many noble
qualities. He died Aug. 18, 1855, in Boston.
LAWRENCE, AMOS ADAMS, mer
chant, was born July 31, 1814, in Boston,
Mass. He was twice nominated by the
whigs and unionists for go\ernor of Mas
sachusetts. In the beginning of the civil
war he aided in recruiting the second
Massachusetts cavalry regiment. He built
Lawrence hall, the Episcopal Theological
school in Cambridge, and was its treas
urer for many years. He died Aug. 22,
1886, in Nahant, Mass.
LAWRENCE, CHARLES BRUSH, law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 17, 1820, in Ver-
gennes, Vt. In 1859 he was elected judge
of the tenth circuit; and in 1864 was
chosen to the supreme court of Illinois,
where he was chief justice for three years.
He died April 19, 1883, in Decatur, Ala.
LAWRENCE, CORNELIUS VAN
WYCK, lawyer, banker, congressman, was
born Feb. 28, 1791, in Flushing, N. Y. He
was a representative in congress from
New York city from 1832 to 1834; for two
years succeeding was mayor of the city of
New York; and in 1836 was president of
the electoral college. For twenty years
he held the honorable position of presi
dent of the bank of the state of New
York. He died Feb. 20, 1861, in Flushing,
N. Y.
LAWRENCE, EUGENE, author, was
born Oct. 10, 1823, in New York city. He
was an historical writer of New York
city; and the author of Lives of the Brit
ish Historians; Historical Studies; Es
says and Papers; Literature Primers; The
Jews and their Persecutors; and Colum
bus and his Contemporaries. He died in
1894.
LAWRENCE, GEORGE V., agricultur
ist, state senator, congressman, was born
in 1818 in Washington county, Pa. He
w"as elected to the state legislature in
1844, 1847, 1858 and 1859; and to the state
senate in 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851 and 1860,
officiating as speaker during the last term.
He frequently served in the conventions
of the state; and in 1864 was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
thirty-ninth congress. He was re-elected
to the fortieth and forty-eighth congress
es as a republican.
LAWRENCE, JAMES, naval officer,
was born Oct. 1, 1781, in Burlington, N. J.
He is remembered by every American as
the author of those brave words: Don't
give up the ship. On this occasion he was
wounded while commanding the United
States frigate Chesapeake, and the en
gagement took place in 1814. He died
June 6, 1815, at sea.
LAWRENCE, JOHN W., congressman,
was born in New York. He served two
years in the assembly of that state from
Queen's county; and was a representative
in congress from 1845 to 1847.
LAWRENCE, JOSEPH, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1788 in Adams
county, Pa. He served for nine years in
the state legislature, two sessions as
speaker, and one year as state treasurer.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1825 to 1829, and again
from 1841 until his death. He died April
17, 1842, in Washington, D. C.
LAWRENCE, MRS. MARGARET OLI
VER [WOODS], author, was born in 1813
in Massachusetts. She is the author of
Light on the Dark River; Fading Flow
ers; L'Espgrance; The Tobacco Problem;
and Marion Graham.
LAWRENCE, PHILIP K., lawyer, jur
ist. He was a citizen of Louisiana; and
about the year 1838 was appointed United
States judge for the two judicial districts
of Louisiana, residing at New Orleans.
LAWRENCE, SAMUEL, congressman,
was born in New York. He served seven
years in the assembly of that state; and
was a representative in congress from
1823 to 1825.
LAWRENCE. SIDNEY, congressman,
was born in Vermont. He removed to
New York; and was elected a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1847 to 1849.
LAWRENCE, WILLIAM, merchant,
state senator, congressman, was born
Sept. 2, 1814, in Washington, Ohio. He
served in the Ohio legislature in 1843;
was a presidential elector in 1848; a mem
ber of the constitutional convention of
Ohio in 1850 and 1851; and state senator
in 1856 and 1857. He was elected a repre
sentative to the thirty-fifth congress.
LAWRENCE, WILLIAM, soldier, jour
nalist, lawyer, congressman, author, was
born June 26, 1819, in Mount Pleasant,
Ohio. In 1846 and 1847 he served in the
Ohio state legislature; and in 1848 was
a member of the senate. In 1853 he was
again elected to the state senate, and was
the author of the Ohio Free Banking Law.
In 1856 he was elected a judge of the
court of common pleas for five years; was
re-elected in 1861, but resigned in 1864,
when he was elected a representative
from Ohio to the thirty-ninth congress.
He was re-elected to the fortieth, forty-
first, forty-third and forty-fourth con
gresses; and in 1880 was appointed first
comptroller of the United States treas
ury. He has been president of the Belle-
fontaine National bank since 1871. He
is the author of Decisions of Ohio Su
preme Court; The Treaty Question; Law
of Religious Societies and Religious Cor
porations; Law of Claims Against the Gov
ernment; Organization of the United
States Treasury Department; and Deci
sions of the First Comptroller of the
Treasury.
LAWRENCE, WILLIAM, clergyman,
bishop, author, was born in 1850 in Mas
sachusetts. He is the seventh protestant
episcopal bishop of Massachusetts; and
the author of Life of Amos A. Lawrence;
and Visions and Service, discourses in col
legiate chapels.
LAWRENCE, WILLIAM BEACH, 'law
yer, jurist, author, governor, was born
Oct. 23, 1800, in New York city. He was
lieutenant-governor of Rhode Island in
1851 and 1852, and for a portion of the
time acting governor. He was the author
of an address before the New York Acad
emy of Fine Arts in 1826; of a transla
tion of Marbois' History of Louisiana,
with Essays and Notes, in 1830; Discourse
before the New York Historical Society
in 1832, of which society he was vice-pres
ident from 1836 to 1845. His other prin
cipal works are: Letters on the Treaty
of Washington; an edition of Wheaton's
Elements of International Law; Visitation
and Search; Institutions of the United
States; Commentaire sur les elements du
droit international; and Administration
of Equity Jurisprudence. He died March
26, 1881, in New York city.
LAWRENCE, WrLLIAM T., soldier,
merchant, lawyer, jurist, congressman,
was born May 7, 1788, in New York city.
He served in the war of 1812 as a militia
captain of artillery. In 1838 he was
chosen county judge of New York; and
from 1847 to 1849 was a representative in
congress.
LAWRENCE, WILLIAM W., lawyer,
jurist. He was an early emigrant to
Florida; and was appointed judge of the
United States district court of that state.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
575
LAWRIE. ALEXANDER, artist, was
torn in 1828 in New York city. He has
made upward of a thousand crayon heads,
including likenesses of Richard H. Stod-
<J.ard and Thomas Buchanan Read.
LAWS, GILBERT LAFAYETTE, sol
dier, manufacturer, journalist, congress
man, was born March 11, 1838, near Ol-
ney, 111. In 1861 he enlisted in the fifth
infantry, Wisconsin volunteers; was
wounded in the battle of Williamsburgh
ir. 1862. He was appointed register of the
United States land office at McCook, Neb.,
in 1883, and served in that official capa
city-till 1886. He was elected secretary of
state in 1886, and re-elected in 1888. He
was elected to the fifty-first congress to
fill a vacancy.
LAWSON, ALBERT GALLATIN, .cler
gyman, author, was born June 5, 1842, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1866 he was elect
ed chaplain and grand worthy patriarch
of the state of New Jersey. He is the
author of The Threefold Cord; Methods
of Church Temperance Work; Temper
ance Literature; Ambition in the Minis
try; and numerous other works.
LAWSON, ALEXANDER, engraver,
was born Dec. 19, 1772, in Scotland. His
first important works were four plates for
Thomson's Seasons, executed for Thomas
Dobson, bookseller, which attracted much
favorable notice. He died Aug. 22, 1846, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
LAWSON, JAMES, journalist, author,
was born Nov. 9, 1799, in Scotland. He
was a New York city journalist; and the
author of Tales and Sketches by a Cos
mopolite; Poems; and Giordana, a trag
edy. He died March 20, 1888, in Yonkers,
N. Y.
LAWSON, JOHN, surveyor, author, was
born in England. He was the surveyor-
general of North Carolina, and was
burned at the stake by hostile Indians.
His entertaining travels were published
with the title of History of North Caro
lina. He died in 1712 on the River Neuse,
N. C.
LAWSON, JOHN D., merchant, con
gressman, was born Feb. 18, 1816, in
Montgomery, N. Y. He was a merchant
in New York for more than twenty-five
years, and retired from business in 1868.
He was a delegate to the national repub
lican conventions of 1868 and 1872; and
was elected to the forty-third congress.
LAWSON, JOHN W., soldier, physician,
surgeon, state senator, congressman, was
born Sept. 13, 1837, in James City county,
Va. He enlisted as a private soldier in
the thirty-second regiment Virginia in
fantry. He then entered the medical de
partment Confederate States of America;
and served as surgeon in charge of artil
lery battalion. He was elected to the
house of delegates, and re-elected a sec
ond term. He was elected to the Virginia
state senate and served four years; and
was elected to the fifty-second congress as
a democrat.
LAWSON, LEONIDAS MOREAU, edu
cator, physician, author, was born Sept.
10, 1812, in Nicholas county, Ky. He was
the earliest writer of acknowledged abil
ity on medical subjects in the valley of
the Mississippi. He published an edition
of Dr. James Hope's Morbid Anatomy;
and Practical Treatise on Phthisis Pulmo-
nalis, which was highly praised, and be
came a standard both in the United States
and abroad. He died Jan. 24, 1864, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio.
LAWSON, LOUISE, artist, was born in
1861 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Among her
works are the Rhodian Boy; Avaconara;
and II Pastore.
LAWSON, MARTIN EMERT, educator,
lawyer, was born May 15, 1867, near Mer-
cersburg, Pa. He is a successful lawyer
of Liberty, Mo.; has been curator of the
Woodson institute of Richmond, Mo.; and
is prominent in religious and educational
circles of his county and state.
LAWSON, MARY LOCKHART, poet
was born in Philadelphia, Pa. She pub
lished poems in the Knickerbocker and
Graham's Magazine that were character
ized by tender feeling and pleasing fancy
She occasionally wrote in the Scottish
dialect.
LAWSON, RICHARD FRANKLIN,
journalist, poet, lecturer, was born May
22, 1860, in Vandalia, 111. He is the editor
and owner of the Republican of Effing-
ham, 111.; and a poet ana lecturer well
known in the west.
LAWSON, THOMAS, soldier, surgeon,
was born about 1781, in Virginia. He was
brevetted brigadier-general for meritor
ious conduct as chief medical officer of
the United States forces in the Mexican
war. He died May 16, 1861, in Norfolk
Va.
LAWSON, THOMAS G., farmer, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, was
born in 1848, in Putnam county, Ga. He
was elected to the Georgia legislature in
1861 and re-elected in 1863 and 1865. He
was elected by the general assembly in
1878 judge of the superior court of the
Ocmulgee circuit, and re-elected without
opposition in 1882; and in 1886 retired
from the bench to his farm. He was
elected to the fifty-second, fifty-third and
the fifty-fourth congresses as a democrat.
LAWSON, VICTOR FREMONT, jour
nalist, was born Sept. 9, 1850, in Chicago.
He is president and sole owner of the
Daily News and the Record in Chicago,
LAWTON, ALEXANDER ROBERT,
soldier, lawyer, railroad president, state
senator, was born about 1818, in Beaufort
county, S. C. He was president of the Sa
vannah and Augusta railroad in 1849-54,
and state senator in 1854-61. In 1861 he
became brigadier-general in the provis
ional confederate army, and was put in
command of the coast of Georgia.
LAWTON, WILLIAM CRANSTON, ed
ucator, lecturer, author, was born in 1853,
in Massachusetts. He is a classical teach
er and lecturer, formerly of Cambridge,
now of Brooklyn, and professor in Adel-
phi college there. He is the author of
Three Dramas of Euripides; Folia Dis-
persa, a book of verse; and Art and Hu
manity in Homer.
LAWYER, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a member of the New York assem
bly from Schoharie county in 1816; and
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1817 to 1819.
LAY, ALFRED MORRISON, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born May 20,
1836, in Lewis county, Mo. He was ap
pointed United States attorney for the
western district of Missouri. He resigned
in 1861 and entered the confederate army,
and served throughout the war, rising to
the rank of major. He was elected a rep
resentative from Missouri to the forty-
sixth congress. He died Dec. 9, 1879.
LAY, BENJAMIN, philanthropist, au
thor, was born in 1681, in England. He
was a benevolent and eccentric Quaker;
and the author of several treatises and
religious works, which were published by
Benjamin Franklin. He died in 1760,
near Abington, Pa.
LAY, GEORGE v\r., lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born July 27 1798 in
Catskill, N. Y. In 1833 he was elected
to the assembly of New York; and to
congress in 1833-37. He died Oct. 21 1860
in Batavia, N. Y.
LAY, HENRY CHAMPLIN, bishop au
thor, was born Dec. 6, 1823; in Richmond,
Va. He was the first protestant epis
copal bishop of Easton (Maryland) but
from 1859 to 1869 the third bishop of Ar
kansas. He was the author of Studies
in the Church; and The Church ana the
Nation. He died Sept. 17, 1885, in Easton
Md.
LAY, JAMES H., lawyer, legislator jur
ist, was born Dec. 18, 1844, in Benton
county, Mo. In 1875 and 1883 he was a
member of the Missouri house of repre
sentatives from Warsaw. He was ap
pointed judge of the circuu court in 1891
to fill a vacancy, and was elected to that
office in 1892.
LAY, JOHN L., civil engineer, invent
or, was born Jan. 14, 1832, in Buffalo
N. Y. In 1867 he invented the submarine
torpedo that bears his name, which has
since become the property of the United
States government.
LAY, OLIVER INGRAHAM, artist, was
born in 1845, in New York city. His
works include portraits of Edwin Booth
as Hamlet, Cyrus W. Field, Miss Fidelia
Bridges, Henry A. Ferguson, and Wins-
low Homer, N. A.; Watching the Snow;
and The Two Friends.
LAYNG, JAMES D., civil engineer, rail
road president, was born Aug. 30 1833
in Columbia, Pa. In 1849 he graduated
from the Western university of Pennsyl
vania; and has attained prominence as a
civil engineer and railway manager, with
headquarters in New York city. He has
been chief engineer and superintendent of
the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago and St.
Louis railway; general manager of the
Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago rail
way company; and president of the Cleve
land, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianap
olis Railway company. He is now second
vice-president and general manager of the
West Shore Railway company; and vice-
president of the Cleveland, Columbus,
Cincinnati and St. Louis Railway com
pany.
LAYTON, FERNANDO C., lawyer, con
gressman, was uorn April 11, 1847, in
Anglaize county, Ohio. He was a county
school examiner for
several years; and
was prosecuting at
torney during 1875-
78. In 1863 he was
captain of the Home
guard; was captain
of company G, Ohio
national guard dur
ing 1878-83; and cap
tain of the Knights of
Pythias during 1886-
91. In 1890 he was
elected to the fifty-
second congress as a democrat; and
was re-elected to the fifty-third and fifty-
fourth congresses. He declined a fourth
term, and settled down to the practice of
law in Wapakoneta, Ohio.
LAZARUS, EMMA, poet, was born July
22, 1849, in New York city. She was a
talented Jewish writer of New York city
who wrote much in verse and prose for
the Century and other periodicals. She
was the author of Alide, an Episode of
Goethe's Life; Poems; Admetus and
Other Poems; Songs of a Semite; and
Poems and Ballads Translated from
Heine. She died Nov. 19, 1887 in New
York city.
LAZARUS, JOSEPHINE, author. She
is the author of The Spirit of Judaism;
and The Love-Letters of a Portuguese
Nun, a translation from the French.
576
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LAZEAR, JESSE, congressman, was
born Dec. 12, 1804, in Greene county, Pa.
In 1860 he was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the thirty-seventh
congress; and in 1862 was re-elected to
the thirty-eighth congress.
LAZELLE, HENRY MARTYN, soldier,
author, was born Sept. », 18^2, in Enfield,
Mass. He is a United States army of
ficer, since 1887 in charge of the bureau
of war records, and the author of One
Law in Nature; ana Improvements in the
Art of War.
LAZENBY, WILLIAM RANE, horticul
turist, educator, was born Dec. 5, 1852, in
Benton, N. Y. In 1881 he was called to
the chair of botany and horticulture in
the Ohio state university, and in 1883 he
received the additional appointment of
director of the Ohio experiment station.
LEA, HENRY CHARLES, journalist,
publisher, author, was born Sept. 19, 1825,
in Philadelphia. He is a prominent writer
and publisher of Philadelphia, and the au
thor of Superstition and Force; An His
torical Sketch of Sacerdotal Celibacy in
the Christian Church; Chapters from the
Religious History of Spain; Studies in
Church History; Translations and Other
Rhymes; and History of the Inquisition.
LEA, ISAAC, journalist, naturalist,
author, was born March 4, 1792, in Wil
mington, Del. He was a publisher and
naturalist of Philadelphia, and the author
of Contributions to Geology; observa
tions on the Genus Unio, in thirteen vol
umes; and Fossil Footmarks in the Reu
Sandstones of Pottsvine. He died Dec.
8, 1886, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LEA, JOHN M., lawyer, jurist, state
senator, was born Dec. 25, 1818, in Knox-
ville, Tenn. He was appointed United
States district attorney in 1842; and in
1850 elected mayor of Nashville. He ac
cepted the appointment of judge of the
circuit court of Tennessee. In 1875 he was
elected to the Tennessee state senate,
where he opposed every suggestion for re
pudiation of the public debt. He is presi
dent of the Tennessee historical society.
LEA, LUKE, soldier, congressman, was
born Jan. 26, 1782, in Surry county, N. C.
He served gallantly in Florida and in the
Creek county under General Jackson in
the Indian wars. He was a representative
in congress from Tennessee from 1833 to
1837. For thirty years he discharged the
duties of cashier of the state bank, and
register of the state land office of Ten
nessee. He died June 17, 1851, near Fort
Leavenworth, Kan.
LEA, MATTHEW CAitEY, chemist, au
thor, was born Aug. 18, 1823, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He is a chemist of Philadel
phia whose Manual of Photography is a
standard work.
LEA, PRYOR, soldier, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1794, in Knox county,
Tenn. He served in the Creek war
in 1813. He was United States district at
torney in 1824; and was a representative
in congress from Tennessee from 1827 to
1831. In 1837 he moved to Jackson, Miss.;
and in 1847 to Goliad, Texas. He project
ed the work called the Central Transit,
for building a railroad from Arkansas
Bay to Mazatlan; and was president of
the company.
LEA, SUMTER, soldier, lawyer, legis
lator, was born Feb. Iti, 1835, in Marion,
Ala. He attended the university of Ala
bama; and has attained success as one of
the leading lawyers of his native state.
He was a member of the constitutional
convention; served with distinction as a
member of the Alabama state legislature;
and during the war was a staff officer in
the confederate army.
LEACH, ANTOINETTE DAKIN, edu
cator, lawyer, was born April 3, 1859, in
Indianapolis, Ind. During 1875-79 she
was a teacher in the
public schools of her
native state; and
during 1887-93 was a
court reporter and
teacher of stenog
raphy. By decision
of the supreme court
of Indiana she was
granted permission
to practice law in
1893; and she has
since attained suc
cess in her chosen
profession in Sullivan, Ind. In 1896 she
was a delegate to the democratic state
convention; and was the first woman
delegate who ever attended a democratic
state convention in Indiana; as she also
was the first woman ever admitted to the
bar in her state. She is the wife of George
W. Leach, a successful farmer and stock
breeder.
LEACH, DE WITT C., state librarian,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Nov. 23, 1822, in Clarence, N. Y. He was
chosen a member of the Michigan legisla
ture in 1849; and was state librarian in
1855 and 1856. He was elected a repre
sentative to the thirty-fifth congress
from Michigan; and was re-elected to ihe
thirty-sixth congress.
LEACH, FRANK WILLING, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 26, 1855, in Cape
May, N. J. He is a successful lawyer of
Philadelphia, Pa., and the author of The
Signers of tne Declaration of Independ
ence: Their Ancestors and Descendants.
LEACH, JAMES MADISON, soldier,
lawyer, scate senator, congressman, was
born in 1824 in Landsdowne, N. C. He
served ten years in the legislature o£
North Carolina; and in 1856 was a presi
dential elector. In 1850 he was elected
a representative from that state to the
thirty-sixth congress. He served in the
confederate army; and was in the confed
erate congress. He was elected to the
state senate after the rebellion, and was
elected to the forty-second and forty-
third congresses as a conservative.
LEADBETTER, D. P., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He moved to
Ohio; and was elected a representative in
congress from 183V to 1841.
LEAKE, SHELTON F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 30, 1812, in
Albemarle county, Va. In 1842 he was
elected to the Virginia house of delegates;
and was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1845 to 1847. He was a
presidential elector in 1849; in 1851 was
elected lieutenant-governor of Virginia;
and was a candidate for governor in 1854,
but was defeated. In 1859 he was elected
to the federal house of representatives
for the thirty-sixth congress. He took
part in the rebellion.
LEAKE, WALTER, soldier, governor,
United States senator, was born about
1780, in Virginia. He was a soldier in the
revolutionary war. He served as senator
of the United States from 1817 to 1820;
and in 1821 was elected governor of Mis
sissippi. He died Nov. 17, 1825, in Mount
Salus, Miss.
LEAMING, JEREMIAH, clergyman,
author, was born in 1717, in Middletown,
Conn. He was an episcopal clergyman of
Connecticut, and the author of Defense of
Episcopal Government; Evidences of the
Truth of Christianity; and Dissertations.
He died in September, 1804, in New
haven, Conn.
LEAMING, THOMAS, soldier, patriot,
was born Aug. 20, 1748. He possessed a
large landed estate in New Jersey; and
was a member of the convention of 1776
to frame a constitution for that state and
declare its independence. He died in.
1797, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LEARNED, AMASA, congressman, was
born Nov. 15, 1750, in Killingly, Conn.
He was a representative in congress from
Connecticut from 1801 to 1805; and in,
1818 was a member of the state constitu
tional convention.
LEARNED, WALTER, author, poet,
was born June 22, 1847, in New London,
Conn. He is a poet of New London who
has published Be
tween Times, a col
lection of poems;
and translated Tea
Tales from Coppee.
He has also contrib
uted extensively on
various subjects to
the leading news
papers and maga
zines of the United
States; and his
poems have been
given a place in a
number of standard collections.
LEARNED, WILLIAM LAW, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 24, 1821, in New
London, Conn. He entered into the active
practice of law in Albany, N. Y., and has
been presiding justice of the supreme
court of New York state.
LEARY, CORNELIUS L., business man,
congressman, was born Oct. 22, 1813, ii>
Baltimore, Md. In 1856 he was a presi
dential elector; and in 1861 was elected
a representative from Maryland to the-
thirty-seventh congress.
LEARY, JAMES DANIEL, was born.
Sept. 25, 1837, in New Yanda, Canada.
The total number of vessels built by Mr.
Leary is about three-
hundred and ninety.
A large plant has
j come into existence
I for the performance
I of this work, the ship-
I and lumber -yards
I combined having a
I water front of one
* thousand one hun-
l dred feet, and cover
ing an area of four
city blocks. He also
devoted himself to
the construction of improvements and
public works. He has built water bat
teries, piers and dikes and dredged har
bors for the United States government.
Since 1882 he has been largely occupied
with contract work along the Harlem
river.
LEARY, ROSS, journalist, was born in
1861, in Chowan county, N. C. He has
been president of the Farmers' Alliance
of his county; and is the editor and own
er of the Blackwater Courier of Franklin,
Va., where he is prominently identified
with the public affairs of his county and
state.
LEAVENWORTH, ELIAS WARNER,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Dec. 20, 1803, in Canaan, N. Y. He
was a member of the state legislature in
1835 from Syracuse. N. Y.; and in 1836
was appointed brigadier-general of the
state artillery. He was mayor of Syra
cuse from 1849 to 3859; a member of the
legislature from 1850 to 1857; and secre
tary of state in 1854 and 1855. He was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-fourth congress. He died
Nov. 25, 1887, in Syracuse, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
577
LEAVENWORTH, HENRY, soldier,
was born Dec. 10, 1783, in New Haven,
Conn. He was a general in the war of
1812. He established several military
posts on the frontier, one of which formed
the nucleus of the present flourishing city
of Leavenworth, Kan. He died July 21,
1834, in Cross Timbers, I. T.
LEAVITT, DUDLEY, almanac maker,
was born May 23, 1772, in Exeter, N. H.
He was known throughout his native
state as Old Master Leavitt, and made its
almanacs for over half a century. He
also edited the Gilmanton Gazette and
New Hampshire Register. He died Sept.
15, 1851, in Meredith, N. H.
LEAVITT, E. BRADFORD, clergyman,
theologian, was born June 4, 1868, in Bos
ton, Mass. For several years he was pas
tor of the Unitarian church of Brattleboro,
Vt. ; and is now the popular pastor of All
Souls' church of Washington, D. C.
LEAVITT, HUMPHREY HOWE, law
yer, jurist, state senator, congressman,
was born June 18, 1796, in Suffieid, Conn.
He served in the state legislature in 1825
and 1826; and in the senate in 1827. He
was a representative in congress from
1831 to 1834; and was for many years
judge of the district court of Ohio. He
died in March, 1873, in Springfield, Ohio.
LEAVITT, JOHN McDOWELL, clergy
man, author, poet, was b'orn May 10, 1824,
in Steubenville, Ohio. He was an episco
pal clergyman, and the author of Faith,
a poem; Afranius; The Siege of Babylon,
a tragedy; Hymns to Our King; New
World Tragedies from Old World Life;
Reasons for Faith; and Visions of So-
lyma. He died in 1888.
LEAVITT, JOSHUA, reformer, author,
was born Sept. 8, 1794, in Heath, Mass.
He organized one of the first Sabbath-
schools in western Massachusetts. He
prepared a new reading book, called Easy
Lessons in Reading. He died Jan. 16,
1873, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
LEAVITT, MARY A., poet, was born
in Vernon, Ind. She is the daughter of il
lustrious parentage. Her father, Dr. Ezra
Fitch Peabody, be
ing a direct descend
ant of John Alden
and Priscilla Mul-
lins, the story of
whose courtship and
marriage Longfel
low has immortal
ized in the Court
ship of Miles Stand-
ish. She is the au
thor of a volume of
poems; and temper
ance and missions
have especially enlisted her voice and
pen. She is the wife of Robert Leavitt,
a prominent merchant of Vernon, Ind.
LEAVITT, MARY CLEMENT, educator,
lecturer, was born Sept. 22, 1830, in Hop-
kinton, N. H. She is a successful lecturer
on temperance, mis
sions, white cross,
equal suffrage, trav
els, and other sub
jects; and her great
work has been in or
ganizing theWorld's
Woman's Christian
Temperance union;
of which she is the
honorary life presi
dent. For twenty
years she taught her
own school for
young ladies and children in Boston,
where she was also a salaried church
singer.
37
LEAVI1T, SAMUEL, author. He is a
journalist of Joliet, 111.; and the author of
Dictator Grant; Our Money Wars; and
other works on economy.
LEAVITT, SAMUEL DEAN, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born Aug. 12, 1837,
in Eastport, Maine, which has always
been his place of
residence. He re
ceived a liberal ed
ucation in the com
mon schools and at
Franklin and
Dunne's academy. In
1861 he was admit
ted to the bar; and in
October of the same
year raised a com
pany and was com
missioned first lieu
tenant of company
A, fifteenth regiment Maine volunteer in
fantry, and served with his regiment in
the department of the Gulf. He served as
judge advocate on General Chamberlain's
staff. In 1873 he was elected a representa
tive to the Maine state legislature, and
received the re-election for a second term.
In 1879 he was elected adjutant-general
of the state. In 1876 he was a delegate at
large to the national convention that
nominated Tilden. In 1886 he was ap
pointed collector of customs. In 1893 he
was instrumental in making Eastport a
city, and was elected its first mayor. In
1895 he was appointed a commissioner
to codify the laws for the national guard;
was a commissioner to the Mexican expo
sition; is a prominent member of several
fraternal orders; and has always been
prominently identified with the public af
fairs of his city, county and state.
LE BLOND, FRANCIS C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Ohio. In 1851 he
was elected for two years to the Ohio
state legislature; was re-elected in 1853,
and served as speaker of that body. In
1862 was elected a representative from
Ohio to the thirty-eighth congress; and
was re-elected to the thirty-ninth con
gress.
LE CLAIR, JOSEPH CLARENCE, law
yer, was born Sept. 12, 1871, in Green Bay,
Wis. After receiving a liberal educa
tion, he was admitted to the bar; and .has
since attained success as an able lawyer
in his native city.
LECOMPTE, JOSEPH, congressman,
was born in Woodford county, Ky. -He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1825 to 1833.
LECOMPTE, SAMUEL D., lawyer, jur
ist, was born in Maryland. He was ap
pointed chief justice of the United States
court for the territory of Kansas; and
took a leading part in the affairs of that
territory.
LE CONTE, JOHN, physician, natural
ist, author, was born Dec. 4, 1818, in Lib
erty county, Ga. He was a naturalist and
physician; president of the university of
California in 1875-81; and professor of
physics there before and after his presi
dency. He was the author of Philosophy
of Medicine; Study of the Physical Sci
ences; and Vital Statistics. He died in
1891.
LE CONTE, JOHN EATON, civil engi
neer, naturalist, author, was born Feb.
22, 1784, near Shrewsbury, N. J. He is a
naturalist who in early life served in the
corps of army engineers with the rank of
major. He was the author of Monographs
of North American Species of Utricularia,
Gratiola, and Ruellia; and North Amer
ican Species of Viola. He died Nov. 21,
I860, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LE CONTE, JOHN LAWRENCE, ento
mologist, author, was born May 13, 1825,
in New York city. He was an entomolo
gist of distinction; and the author of
List of Coleoptera of North America, and
other technical publications. He died
Nov. 15, 1883, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LE CONTE, JOSEPH, educator, geol
ogist, scientist, was born Feb. 26, 1823, in
Liberty county, Ga. Le Conte is distin
guished in the an
nals of American
| science; and has
served as president
of the American As
sociation for the Ad
vancement of Sci-
j ence. In 1851, in
company with Agas-
siz, he studied the
keys and reefs of
Florida. During
1852-56 he filled the
chair of geology and
natural history in the university of Geor
gia; when he was called to the chair of
chemistry and geology in the South Caro
lina college; and has since been connect
ed with many institiuions of learning. Iii
1857 he delivered lectures on Coal and on
Coral Reefs before the Smithsonian insti
tution. He is the author of Elements of
Geology, a text booK for colleges and for
the general reader; and a dozen other
works on kinared topics. Besides geol
ogy, he has devoted his attention very
largely to the pnenomena and theory of
binocular vision; and during 1869-77 pub
lished various investigations on that sub
ject. He is also the author of two vol
umes of essays; and his latest book is
entitled Evolution and Its Relation to
Religious Thought. He is now connected
with the university of California.
LE CONTE, LEWIS, naturalist, was
born Aug. 4, 1782, near Shrewsbury, N. J.
He established a botanical garden on his
plantation in Georgia, which was espec
ially rich in bulbous plants irom the Cape
of Good Hope, and a laboratory in which
he tested the discoveries of the chemists
of the day. He died Jan. 9, 1838, in Lib
erty county, Ga.
LE COUNT, JAMES M., journalist,
poet, was born Sept. 24, 1835, in Lyons,
N. Y. Since 1876 he has been the editor
and owner of the Press of Hartford, Wis.
He is the author of a volume of poems
entitled The Hermit of Holy Hill.
LE DUC, WILLIAM GATES, soldier,
railroad builder, was born March 29, 1823,
in Wilkesville, Ohio. At the breaking out
of the civil war he entered the union
army as captain and assistant quarter
master; joined the army of the Tennes
see, where he became chief quartermas
ter; and was promoted to brevet briga
dier-general. He was appointed commis
sioner of agriculture at Washington, in
which position he served four years.
LEDYARD, HENRY, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born March 3, 1812, in New
York city. He was a member of the
Michigan state senate in 1857-58; and sub
sequently was assistant secretary of state
at Washington, D. C. He died in 1880, in
London, England.
LEDYARD, HENRY BROCKHOLST,
railroad president, was born Feb. 20, 1844,
in France. In 1883 he became president
of the Michigan Central railroad at De
troit.
LEDYARD, JOHN, traveler, was born
in 1751, in Groton, Conn. He fitted him
self for a missionary to the Indians; but
subsequently embarked with Captain
Cook on his last voyage around the world.
He died Jan. 17, 1789, in Cairo, Egypt.
578
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LEE, ALBERT LINDLEY, soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born Jan. 16, 1834, in Ful
ton, N. Y. He removed to Kansas, where
he was judge of the state supreme court
in 1861. He became major of the seventh
Kansas cavalry in that year; and was
commissioned brigadier-general of volun
teers.
LEE, ALFRED, bishop, author, was
born Sept. 9, 1807, in Cambridge, Mass.
He was the first protestant episcopal
bishop of Delaware, and prominent as a
low churchman. He was the author 01
The Harbinger of Christ; Life of St.
Peter; Eventful Nights in Bible History;
Life of St. John; and Treatise on Bap
tism. He died April 12, 1887, in Wilming
ton, Del.
LEE. ANDREW, clergyman, author,
was born May 7, 1745, in Lyme, Conn.
Among his publications are «.n Inquiry
Whether it be the Duty of Man to be Will
ing to Suffer Damnation for the Divine
Glory; The Declensions of Christianity
an Argument for Its Truth; and Sermons
on Various Important Subjects. He died
Aug. 25, 1832, in Lisbon, Conn.
LEE. ANN, was born Feb. 22, 1736, in
England. She was the founaer ot the
religion of the so-called Shakers. She
died Sept. 8, 1784, in Watervliet, N. Y.
LEE, ARTHUR, congressman, was born
Dec. 20, 1740, in Stratford, Va. In 1781 he
was elected to the assembly of Virginia,
but was immediately chosen a delegate
to the continental congress, where he re
mained until 1785. He was appointed
secretary of the treasury, which office he
held until 1789. He died Dec. 12, 1792, in
Urbana, Va.
LEE, BENJAMIN, physician, author,
was born Sept. 26. 1833, in Norwich, Conn.
He is a physician of Philadelphia, and
the author of Treatment for Angular Cur
vature of the Spine; and Tracts on Mas
sage.
LEE. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, clergy
man, author, was born Sept. 18, 1841, in
Gouldtown, N. J. He was a methodist
clergyman of African birth; president of
Wilberforce university since 1876. and the
author of Wesley the Worker; and
Causes of the Success of Methodism.
LEE, CHARLES, lawyer, state legisla
tor, was born in 1758, in Virginia. He
was a member of the Virginia state legis
lature; and was appointed attorney-gen
eral of the United States in 1795. serving
until 1801. He died June 24, 1815, in
Farquhar county, Va.
LEE, CHARLES ALFRED, physician,
author, was born Marcn 3, 1810, in Salis
bury, Conn. He was a physician of New
York city who published Elements of
Geology for Popular Use; and Human
Physiology. He died Feb. 4, 1872, in
Pcekskill, N. Y.
LEE, CHARLES ARNOLD, journalist,
state legislator, was born Dec. 14, 1845,
in Pawtucket, R. I. Since 1878 he has
been editor and proprietor of the Rhode
Island Gazette and Chronicle. In 1880 and
1881 he was a member of the Rhode Is
land assembly.
LEE, CHARLES STEPHEN, soldier,
farmer, merchant, legislator, was born
Feb. 3. 1834, in Greensboro, Ga. He has
filled numerous public offices of trust;
was a member of the Alabama state legis
lature in 1872-73; and in 1896 was elected
a state senator from the twenty-first dis
trict. During the war he served as second
lieutenant of the first Alabama cavalry,
and was afterward transferred to the
sixth Alabama cavalry, and made captain
of company A. He is a successful farmer
and merchant of Brewion, Ala.; and al
though he was admitted to the bar, never
practiced that profession to any extent.
LEE, CHAUi\CEi. clergyman, author,
vas born July 10, 1718, in Coventry, Conn.
He was skilled in music, composed verses,
and was a classical scholar. His publica
tions include an arithmetic; a Poetical
Version of the Book of Job; Sermons for
Revivals; and Letters from Aristarchus
to Philemon. He died Nov. 5, 1842, in
Hartwick, N. Y.
LEE, DAY KELLOGG, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. iO, 1816, in Sempron-
ius, N. Y. He was a universalist clergy
man of New York city, and the author of
Summerfield, or Life on a Farm; Master
Builders, or Life at a Trade; and Merri-
mack. or Life at a i^oom. He died June
2, 1869, in New York city.
LEE, ELEANOR P., poet, was born in
1817, near Natchez, i.nss. She became a
noted poet of the south. She died in 1849.
LEE, MRS. ELIZA (BUCKMINSTER),
author, was born in 1794, in Portsmouth,
N. H. She was the author of Life of
Richter; Sketches of a New England Vil
lage; Naomi; Florence, the Parish Or
phan; and Parthenia, or the Last Days
of Paganism. She died June 22, 1864, in
Brookline, Mass.
LEE, FITZHUGH, soldier, governor,
was born Nov. 19, 1835, in Clermont, Va.
At the commencement of the civil war
he joined the confederate army; and was
at once appointed adjutant-general of a
brigade; was soon promoted a major-
general. In 1885 he was elected governor
of the state of Virginia. In 1896-98 he
was United States consul-general at Ha
vana.
LEE, FRANCIS LIGHTFOOT, signer of
the Declaration of Independence, was
born Oct. 24, 1734, in Stratford, Va. In
1765 and 1766 he was elected to the house
of burgesses, and was a strong advocate
of equal rights. He was a delegate to the
continental congress from 1775 to 1780;
and signed the Declaration of Independ
ence, and also the articles of confedera
tion. He also served in the state legis
lature. He died April 3. 1797, in Rich
mond, Va.
LEE, GEORGE WASHINGTON CUS-
TIS, soldier, educator, college president,
was born Sept. 16, 1832, in Fortress Mon-
• roe, Va. After re
ceiving a liberal ed
ucation he was given
an appointment to
the United States
military academy of
West Point, from
which institution he
graduated in 1854.
He was then as
signed to the corps
of engineers, United
States army, with
the rank of brevet
second lieutenant; and in due course of
time became first lieutenant. In 1SB1 he
was appointed aide-de-camp to the presi
dent of the southern confederacy, with
the rank of colonel; in 1863 was made
brigadier-general; and in 1864 he was
made major-general. In 1865 he was ap
pointed to the chair of civil and military
engineering at the Virginia military in
stitute of Lexington, Va. He held that
office until 1871, since which time he has
filled the duties of president of the Wash
ington and I^ee university.
LEE, GIDEON, merchant, congress
man, was born April 27, 1778, in Amherst,
Mass. He was at one time mayor of
New York. He was a presidential elect
or; and was a member of congress dur
ing the years 1836 and 1837. He died
Aug. 21, 1841, in Geneva, N. Y.
LEE, MRS. HANNAH FARNHAM
(SAWYER), author, was born in 1780, in
Newburyport, Mass. She was a promi
nent writer of Boston; and the author of
Grace Seymour; Luther aild His Times;
Sculpture and Sculptors; Three Experi
ments in Living, which was extraordinar
ily popular both in America and England;
Familiar Sketches of the Old Painters;
The Huguenots in France and America;
and Memoir of Pierre Toussaint. She
died Dec. 27, 1865, in Boston, Mass.
LEE, HENRY, soldier, statesman, au
thor, was born Jan. 29, 1756, in Leesyl-
vania, Va. He was appointed a captain
of cavalry, and in 1777 joined the main
army: and was soon promoted to tne
rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1786 he
was ap'pointed a delegate in congress
from Virginia, in which body he remained
until the constitution was adopted. In
1791 he was chosen governor of Virginia.
He was a member of congress at the pe
riod of Washington's death; and in 1799
was appointed by congress to deliver a
eulogy on the occasion, in which occurred
the words: First in war, first in peace,
and first in the hearts of his countrymen.
He published Memoirs of the War in
the Southern Departments of the United
States. He died March 25, 1816.
LEE, HENRY, pioneer, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, was born in 1758, in Virginia.
He was a member of the Virginia legis
lature from the district of Kentucky; and
also of the convention that adopted the
constitution of the United States. He was
appointed judge of the quarter sessions
and associate judge of the circuit court
for Mason county, Ky. He died in 1846, in
Mason county, Ky.
LEE, HENRY, author, was born in
1786. in Westmoreland county, Va. He
was a Virginia writer who published The
Campaign of 1781 in the Carolinas; and
Life of Napoleon. He died Jan. 30, 1837,
in Paris, France.
LEE, HENRY B., congressman, was
born Sept. 2, 1817, in Boston, Mass. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the fifteenth congress, but died
before taking his seat.
LEE. HENRY WASHINGTON, protest-
ant episcopal bishop, was born July 29,
1815, in Hamden, Conn. He was elected
first bishop of Iowa in 1854. He died Sept.
26, 1874, in Davenport, Iowa.
LEE, JAMES, merchant, was born in
1795, in Scotland. He was for a long time
connected with the New York Society li
brary, and Brown's statue of Washington
on Union square was erected mainly
through his instrumentality. He died
June 16, 1874, in New York city.
LEE, JAMES G. C., soldier, was born
Aug. 12. 1836. in Hamilton, Canada. He
served in the army all through the war
of the rebellion, including the battle of
Gettysburg; and is now lieutenant-colonel
and deputy quartermasier-general of the
United States army.
LEE, JESSE, missiC'iary, author, was
born March 12, 1758, in Prince George
county, Va. He was a methodist mission
ary, called the Apostle of Methodism,
who published a History of Methodism,
which is a valuable record of the early
years of that faith. He died Sept. 12,
1816, in Baltimore, Md.
LEE. JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Mary
land from 1823 to 1825.
LEE, JOSHUA, legislator, congressman,
was born in New York. He served three
years in the legislature of that state
from Ontario and Yates counties; and
was a representative In congress from
New York from 1835 to 1837.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA Ol<" AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
579
LEE, LUTHER, clergyman, author, was
born Nov. 30, 1800, in Schoharie, N, Y.
He was a Wesleyan clergyman of Michi
gan; and the author of Universalism Ex
amined and Refuted; Church Polity; Im
mortality of the Soul; Slavery in the
Light of the Bible; and Elements of The
ology. He died in 1889.
LEE, M. LINDLEY, physician, state
senator, congressman, was born May 29,
1805, in Minisink, N. Y. During 1840-44
he was postmaster of Fulton, N. Y. ; in
1846-47 he was a member of the state
assembly; and in 1855 was a member of
the state senate. In 1858 he was elected a
representative to the thirty-sixth con
gress.
LEE, MRS. MARY CATHERINE [JEN
KINS], author, was born in Massachu
setts. She is a novelist of Springfield,
Mass.; and the author of A Quaker Girl
of Nantucket; In the Cheering-Up Busi
ness; and A Soulless Singer.
LEE, MARY ELIZABETH, author,
poet, was born March 23, 1813, in Charles
ton,' S. C. She was a writer of Charles
ton; and the author of Historical Tales
for Youth; and a volume of Poems issued
in 1851 with memoir by S. Oilman. She
died Sept. 23, 1849, in Charleston, S. C.
LEE, RICHARD BLAND, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1789 to 1795. He died in 1827.
LEE, RICHARD H., soldier, physician,
jurist, was born Aug. 31, 1825, in Tennes
see. During the Mexican war he served as
a private soldier; and in 1848 settled in
Kanawha county, W. Va. During the
civil war he served as captain in com
pany A, eighth regiment Virginia in
fantry; and also in the seventh regiment
West Virginia cavalry. For four years
he was one of the judges of the county
court; was magistrate for seventeen
years; and has been president of the
board of education of St. Albans for the
past thirty years.
LEE. RICHARD HENRY, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born
Jan. 20, 1732, in Stratford, Va. He was a
member of the first congress in 1774. In
accordance with instructions from the Vir
ginia convention, he first proposed in
congress a declaration of independence,
June 7, 1776, and a committee was ap
pointed to prepare it. He was a signer
of the adopted declaration of independ
ence, and of the articles of confederation.
After the adoption of the articles of con
federation he withdrew from congress,
but was re-elected in 1784. and chosen
president of that body, serving till 1787.
He was a senator in congress from Vir
ginia from 1789 to 1792. He died June 9,
1794, in Chantilly, Va.
'LEE, ROBERT EDWARD, soldier, was
born Jan. 19, 1806, in Stratford, Va. He
was the celebrated confederate general of
the civil war. He
jfis-xi ,-#«??*'fiS&^t-- wiis t||(' s()" °f Gen-
rl eral Henry Lee, of
I the revolution, often
called Light-Horse
Harry, and married
the daughter of the
adopted son of Gen-
e r a 1 Washington.
After an arduous
struggle as major-
general of the con-
federate forces,
which as a Virginian
he felt bound to lead, he surrendered to
Grant, April 9, 1865, and thus closed the
war. He died Oct. 13, 1870, in Lexington,
Va.
LEE, SAMUEL PHILLIPS, naval of
ficer, author, was born Feb. 13, 1812, in
Virginia. He entered the United States
navy in 1825; was commissioned lieuten
ant in 1837; and rear-admiral in 1870.
He published the Cruise of the Dolphin in
the Reports of the United States Naval
Department.
LEE, SILAS, lawyer, jurist, legislator,
congressman. He served in the Massa
chusetts legislature in 1793, 1797, and
1798; was a representative in congress
from Massachusetts from 1799 to 1802;
and judge of probate from 1805 to 1814.
He was for some years chief judge of
the court of common pleas; and was ap
pointed, by President Adams, United
States district attorney for Maine. He
died in 1814.
LEE, STEPHEN D., soldier, college
president. He served gallantly during the
civil war as a captain of artillery with
the army of the Tennessee: and was bre-
vetted brigadier-general. He is now presi
dent of the Agricultural college of Missis
sippi.
LEE. THOMAS, congressman. He was
a renresentative in congress from New
Jersey from 1833 to 1837. He died Nov. 2,
1855, in Port Elizabeth, N. J.
LEE, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 1, 1769, in
Charleston, S. C. He was a representa
tive in the South Carolina state legisla
ture; and state solicitor in 1794. He was
judge of the court of common pleas in
1804; comptroller-general until 1816;
president of the state bank in 1817; and
judge of the United States court from 1823
until his death. He died Oct. 2, 1839, in
Charleston, S. C.
LEE, THOMAS LUDWELL, lawyer, jur
ist, statesman, was born about 1730 in
Stratford, Va. He was a member of the
house of burgesses; of the conventions of
July and December, 1775; and of the com
mittee of safety; and in the convention of
1776 was placed on the committee to draft
a declaration of rights, and a plan of gov
ernment. On the organization of the
Virginia state government he was ap
pointed one of the five revisers, and one
of the five judges of the general court.
He died in 1777.
LEE, THOMAS SIM, governor, was
born in 1743. He was governor of Mary
land from 1779 to 1783; was a delegate to
the continental congress in 1783 and 1784;
and was again governor from 1792 to 1794.
He died Nov. 9, 1809, in Frederick county,
Va.
LEE, WILLIAM E., banker, legislator,
was born Jan. 8, 1852, in Alton, 111. He
served three terms as a member of the
Minnesota legislature, and was speaker of
the house in 1893. He was superintendent
of the state reformatory at St. Cloud; and
for four years was on the governor's staff
with rank of major. He is a president of
the bank of Long Prairie, Minn.
LEE, WILLIAM HENRY FITZHUGH,
soldier, congressman, was born May 31,
1837, in Arlington, Va. In 1861 he raised
a company of cavalry and joined the army
of northern Virginia; served in every
grade successively from captain to major-
general of cavalry. He represented his
senatorial district in the Virginia state
senate for one term, declining a renomin-
ation. He was elected to the fiftieth and
fifty-first congresses as a democrat.
LEE, WILLIAM LITTLE, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Feb. 25, 1821, in Hawaiian
Island. He was chief justice of the Ha
waiian islands. He died June 28, 1857, in
Honolulu.
LEECH, SAMUEL VAN DERLIP, cler
gyman, author, was born March 17, 1837,
in Albany, N. Y. He is a methodist cler
gyman and temperance reformer; and the
author of The Drunkard; Ingersoll and
the Bible; and The Inebriates.
LEEDOM, JOHN P., farmer, congress
man, was born Dec. 20, 1847, in Adams
county, Ohio. He graduated at Smith's
Mercantile college in
1868; taught school;
engaged in farming.
He was elected clerk
of the court of com
mon pleas in 1874,
and re-elected in
1877. He was a
member of the dem
ocratic state commit
tee in 1879; and was
elected a representa
tive from Ohio to the
forty-seventh c o n-
gress; and served on several important
committees.
LEEDS, DAVID, author, was born in
1652 in England. He was a prominent
figure among the early settlers of Bur
lington, N. J., and a violent opponent of
the Quakers. He was the author of The
Temple of Wisdom; The News of a
Trumpet; Hue and Cry Against Error;
A Trumpet Sounded; The Rebuker Re
buked; and The Great Mystery of Fox-
Craft Discovered. He died Sept. 27, 1720,
in Burlington, N. J.
LEEDY, JOHN WHITNAH, farmer, leg
islator, governor, was born March 8, 1849,
in Richland county, Ohio. During 1893-
97 he was a member of the senate of the
Kansas legislature; and governor of
that state for two years beginning in
January, 1897.
LEEPER, ARTHUR, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born Aug. 21, 1855, in Chandler-
ville, 111. He was state's attorney of Cass
county from 1876 to 1880; and was elect
ed Illinois state senator in 1888, 1892, and
1896.
LEESER, ISAAC, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 12, 1806, in Prussia. He
was a Jewish rabbi of Philadelphia who
published The Jews and the Mosaic Law;
Discourses on the Jewish Religion; Por
tuguese Forms of Prayer; and a Trans
lation of the Scriptures from the Original
Hebrew. He died Feb. 1, 1868, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
LEET, ISAAC, state senator, congress
man, was born in 1802 in Pennsylvania.
He was for several years in the senate
of that state; and was a representative
in congress from 1829 to 1831. He died
June 10, 1844, in Washington, Pa.
LEETE, WILLIAM, governor of Con
necticut, was born about 1603 in England.
He was a founder of Guilford, Conn., and
one of the pillars of the church there. He
was deputy governor in 1661-65, was fre
quently a commissioner of the colony, re-
elected governor in 1676, and afterward
annually chosen until his death. He died
April 16, 1683, in Hartford, Conn.
LEFEVER, JACOB, banker, congress
man, was born April 20, 1830, in New
Paltz, N. Y. He was a member of the
assembly of the state of New York in
1863-67; and was frequently a delegate to
republican state conventions and was a
delegate to the national republican con
vention of 1888. He is president of the
Huguenot National bank of New Paltz;
and vice-president of the New Paltz Sav
ings bank. He was elected to the fifty-
third and fifty-fourth congresses as a re
publican.
580
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LE FEVRE, BENJAMIN, soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 8,
1838, in Shelby county, Ohio. He served
in the union army from 1861 to 1865; and
was elected a member of the state house
of representatives in 1865. In 1867 he was
appointed United States consul at Nurem
berg, Germany; and was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-sixth,
forty-seventh, forty-eighth and forty-
ninth congresses as a democrat.
LE FEVRE, JOSEPH, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1811 to 1813.
LEFEVRE, PETER PAUL, Roman
catholic bishop, was born April 30, 1804,
in West Flanders. In 1831 he was or
dained priest and stationed at New Ma
drid, Mo., but after a few months was
transferred to the pastorate of Salt river,
consisting of the northern part of Mis
souri, western part of Illinois, and south
ern Iowa. He died March 4, 1869, in De
troit, Mich.
LEFFERTS, GEORGE MOREWOOD,
physician, author, was born Feb. 24, 1846,
in Brooklyn, L. I. He is a physician of
New York city; and the author of Dis
eases of the Nose; Diagnosis of Nasal
Catarrh; and Pharmacopoeia for Diseases
of the Throat and Nose.
LEFFERTS, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1813 to 1815; and a state
senator from 1822 to 1825.
LEt r'ERTS, MARSHALL, engineer,
was born Jan. 15, 1821, in Bedford, L. I.
In 1849 he became president of the New
York, New England and New York state
telegraph companies, from which office
he retired in 1860 and began a system of
telegraph wires, which was worked on
the automatic plan of transmission. He
died July 3, 1876, in Newark, Pa.
LEFFINGWELL, ALONZO MARK,
lawyer, was born Sept. 26, 1842, in Hen
derson, N. Y. He received his educa
tion at the Union academy at Belleville,
N. Y.; and at the university of Michigan.
He then studied law and received the de
gree of LL. B. In 1872 he moved to New
York city; and two years later removed
to Henderson, where he has attained suc
cess in his profession. He has been a
candidate for county judge, and twice for
representative in congress. He has filled
important offices in several fraternal or
ders; and has always been prominently
identified with the public affairs of his
county and state.
LEFFINGWELL, CHARLES WESLEY,
clergyman, journalist, was born Dec. 5,
1840, in Ellington, Conn. He founded and
became rector of St. Mary's school, Knox-
ville, 111. Since 1879 he has devoted him
self earnestly to journalism in the inter
ests of his church, and is editor of a
weekly paper, The Living Church.
LEFFLER, ISAAC, legislator, congress
man, was born in November, 1788, in
Washington county, Pa. In 1817 he was
elected to the Virginia legislature, where
he served eight years. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1827 to 1829; and in 1832 was again elect
ed to the Virginia legislature. In 1835 he
moved to Burlington, Iowa; served two
years in the legislature of Wisconsin ter
ritory, one year as speaker; and one
year in the legislature of Iowa.
LEFFLER, SHEPHERD, farmer, con
gressman, was born in Pennsylvania. He
was a representative in congress from
Iowa from 1846 to 1851; and in 1875 was
a candidate for the office of governor.
LEFTWICH, EVERETT IRVINE, edu
cator, lawyer, lecturer, was born Oct. 4,
1860, in Giles county, Va. He has been a
successful educator, and now practices
law in Williamson, W. Va. He has been
editor of several publications; has writ
ten extensively for the periodical press;
and has attained success as a lecturer on
political subjects and religious reform.
LEFTWICH, JABEZ, congressman,
was born in Bedford county, Va. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1821 to 1825.
LEFTWICH, JOEL, soldier, jurist, state
legislator, was born in 1759 in Bedford
county, Va. He was major-general of mi
litia, often a member of the Virginia leg
islature, and for many years a justice of
the peace of Bedford county. He died
April 20, 1846, in Bedford county, Va.
LEFTWICH, JOHN W., merchant, con
gressman, was born Sept. 7, 1826, in Bed
ford county, Va. In 1865 he was elected
a representative from Tennessee to the
thirty-ninth congress. He died in June,
1870, in Lynchburg.
LEGARE, HUGH SWINTON, lawyer,
journalist, statesman, was born Jan. 2,
1797, in Charleston, S. C. From 1837 to
1839 he was a representative of his native
state in congress. In 1841 he was ap
pointed attorney-general of the United
States, and also acting secretary of state.
He was the author of Constitutional His
tory of Greece; Essay on Classical Learn
ing; and Essay on Roman Literature. He
died June 20, 1843, in Boston, Mass.
LEGARE, JAMES MATTHEWS, in
ventor, poet, was born in 1823 in South
Carolina. He was an inventor; and the
author of Orta-Undis, and Other Poems.
He died in 1850.
LEGGETT, FRANCIS H., merchant,
was born March 27, 1840, in New York
city. He received an academic education,
and in 1856 entered
a produce commis
sion house as clerk.
In 1862 he and his
brother formed a co
partnership; the
business grew so
rapidly that it was
not long before they
were occupying three
stores on R e a d e
street; and in 1880
the land was bought
and the present im
mense building was erected. The busi
ness of the house amounts to nearly ten
million dollars annually, and nearly five
hundred persons are employed In the es
tablishment; and the firm of Francis
H. Leggett and Company is one of the
largest wholesale grocery houses in New
York city.
LEGGETT, MORTIMER DORMER, sol
dier, public official, was born April 19,
1851, in Ithaca, N. Y. He was superin
tendent of public schools until 1861 in
Zanesville, Ohio. He raised the seventy-
eighth Ohio infantry, and was made col
onel in 1862. He was brevet major-gen
eral in 1864; and major-general in 1865.
He was appointed United States commis
sioner of patents in 1871.
LEGGETT, WILLIAM, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1802 in New York city.
He was a journalist once prominent in
New York city", and the author of Leisure
Hours at Sea; Tales by a Country School
master; Naval Stories; and Political
Writings. He died May 29, 1839, in New
Rochelle, N. Y.
LEGGETT, WILLIAM HENRY, botan
ist, journalist, was born Feb. 24, 1816, in
New York city. He founded the Torrey
Botanical Bulletin, and was its sole editor
and publisher from 1870 till 1880. He died
in April, 1882, in New York city.
LEGREID, CHRISTOPHER, manufac
turer, state legislator, was born Jan. 27,
1857, in Deerfield, Wis. He is a successful
manufacturer of Cambridge, Wis.; and
has filled numerous public offices of trust
in his city, county and state. In 1897 he
was elected a member of the Wisconsin
state assembly, and has taken an active
part in the deliberations of that body.
LEHLBACH, HERMAN, civil engineer,
congressman, was born July 3, 1845, in
Germany. He was a member of the house
of assembly of New Jersey in 1884. In
that year he was elected a representative
from New Jersey to the forty-ninth con
gress; and was re-elected to the fiftieth
and fifty-first congresses as a republican.
LEHMAN, EMMA A., educator, poet,
was born in 1841 in Bethania, N. C. She
is a successful educator, and for thirty
years has filled the chair of English liter
ature and composition in the oldest fe
male college of the south at Salem, N. C.
She is the author of a volume entitled
Sketches of European Travel. The most
notable of her poems is Sunset on Pilot
Mountain, which has been extensively
copied in current publications.
LEHMAN, WILLIAM E., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 21, 1822, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He was appointed by Pres
ident Polk an examiner of postoffices in
New York and Pennsylvania. He was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the thirty-seventh congress.
LEIB, MICHAEL, United States sen
ator, was born in 1769 in Pennsylvania.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1806. He was
a senator of the United States from 1808
to 1814; and in the latter year was ap
pointed postmaster of Philadelphia. He
served in the legislature of Pennsylvania
both before and after his election to con
gress. He died Dec. 28, 1822, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
LEIB, OWEN D., physician, congress
man, was born in Schuylkill, Pa. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1845 to 1847. He died June
17, 1848.
LEIDY, JOSEPH, naturalist, scientist,
author, was born Sept. 9, 1823, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia scien
tist of distinction who was a constant
contributor to scientific periodicals.
Among his writings are: The Extinct
Species of the American Ox; Ancient
Fauna of Nebraska; Cretaceous Reptiles
of the United States; and Elementary
Text-Book on Human Anatomy. He died
Jan. 30, 1891, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LEIDY, PAUL, lawyer, congressman,
was born Nov. 21, 1813, in Hemlock, Pa.
He was elected a representative to the
thirty-fifth congress from Pennsylvania.
LEIGH, BENJAMIN WATKINS, law
yer, United States senator, was born June
18, 1781, in Chesterfield county, Va. From
1829 to 1841 he was a reporter of Virginia;
was frequently a member of the house of
delegates; and was a member of the
convention of 1830 for revising the state
constitution; and was a senator in con
gress from 1834 to 1837. He died Feb. 2,
1849, in Richmond, Va.
LEIGH, COUNT DE HAMONG, palmist.
author, was born in 1868. At the age of
eleven years he began the study of the
hand; and has visited almost every coun
try in the world. His books on the sub
ject have been translated into French,
German, Russian, Spanish and Hindu
stani. His professional name is Cheiro;
and he has made tours in Europe and
America as a palmist.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA CF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
581
LEIGH, HEZEKIAH GILBERT, clergy
man, was born Nov. 25, 1795, in North
Carolina. In 1829 he was a founder of
Randolph Macon college, Virginia, and
subsequently he was one of its principal
supporters. In 1849 he was an organizer
of the methodist episcopal church south.
He died Sept. 18, 1858, in Mecklenburg
county, Va.
LEIGHTON, HARRIET W., poet, tem
perance advocate, was born March 15,
1839, in Albany, N. Y. She has been state
corresponding secretary for Nebraska
of the Woman's Christian Temperance
union; for three years was secretary of
the Lincoln Woman's Christian Temper
ance union, and for one year its presi
dent. She also is prominent in various
other organizations, and contributes both
prose and verse to current literature.
LEIGHTON, WILLIAM, author, poet,
was born June 22, 1833, in Cambridge,
Mass. He is a writer of Wheeling, W. Va.;
and the author of The Sons of Godwin,
a tragedy that appeared simultaneously
with Tennyson's Harold on the same
theme; At the Court of King Edwin, a
drama: Shakespeare's Dream; Change;
and The Subjection of Hamlet.
LEIGHTY, JACOB D., soldier, congress
man, was born Oct. 15, 1839, in Westmore
land county, Pa. He was a private in
company E, eleventh
Indiana volunteer in
fantry; and was
promoted to second
lieutenant and after-
* **- HB ward to first lieu-
^jgit tenant. Returning
• jf home he engaged in
general merchandis-
'^ ing, and is interest
ed in several manu
facturing enterprises.
He was elected to
the Indiana house of
representatives in 1886; and elected in
1894 to the fifty-fourth congress as a re
publican. In 1897 he was appointed United
States pension agent for Indiana.
LEIPER, GEORGE GRAY, congress
man, was born Feb. 3, 1786, in Delaware
county, Pa. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1829 to
1831. He died Nov. 17, 1868, in Delaware
county, Pa.
LEIPER, WILLIAM D., soldier, edu
cator, journalist, was born Feb. 13, 1823,
in Frankfort Springs, Pa. He served as a
soldier; and was a member of the consti
tutional convention of 1874. He is the
editor and owner of the Arkansas Me
teor.
LEISENRING, JOHN, civil and mining
engineer, congressman, was born June 3,
1853, in Ashton, Pa. He was elected to
the fifty-fourth congress as a republican
from Pennsylvania.
LEITER, BENJAMIN F., lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, was born Oct. 13, 1813,
in Leitersburg, Md. He was elected to
the Ohio legislature in 1848. In 1849 he
was re-elected, and chosen speaker. In
1854 he was elected to congress; and re-
elected to the thirty-sixth congress.
LELAND, AARON, clergyman, jurist,
legislator, was born May 28, 1761, in Hol-
liston, Mass. He sat in the Vermont leg
islature from 1801 till 1811, during which
period he was thrice elected speaker. He
was a councillor for four years, and for
five successive years elected lieutenant-
governor of Vermont. He also served as
an assistant justice of the county court for
eighteen years. He died Aug. 25, 1833, in
Chester, Vt.
LELAND, CHARLES A., lawyer, legis
lator, was born in 1860 in Sharon, Ohio.
For several years he was prosecuting at
torney of Noble county, Ohio; and in
1896 was elected a member of the Ohio
state legislature.
LELAND, CHARLES GODFREY, au
thor, poet, was born Aug. 15, 1824, in Phil
adelphia. He is a very versatile Phila
delphia author, who
has lived much in
Europe, and is con
sidered an authority
upon Gypsy lore. He
is the author of
Hans Breitmann
Ballads; The Music
Lesson of Confucius,
and Other Poems;
Songs of the Sea and
Lays of the Land;
The English Gypsies
and Their Language;
Origin of the Gypsies; The Gypsies; The
Algonquin Legends of New England;
Egyptian Sketch Book; Abraham Lin
coln and the Abolition of Slavery; Prac
tical Education; Manual of Wood Carv
ing; and Memoirs.
LELAND, HENRY PERRY, soldier, au
thor, was born Oct. 28, 1828, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia writer
who served as lieutenant in a Pennsyl
vania regiment during the civil war; and
was the author of The Americans in
Rome; and The Grey Bay Mare, and Other
Humorous Sketches. He died Sept. 22,
1868, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LELAND, SAMUEL PHELPS, lawyer,
lecturer, poet, was born March 4, 1839, in
Huntsburg, Ohio. After being admitted
to the bar in LaGrange county, Ind., he
moved to Chicago in 1863, and thence to
Aurora, 111. About this time he published
a volume of poems, which passed through
two editions; and since that time has
contributed numerous meritorious poems
to the periodical press. During 1867-80
he practiced law in Charles City, Iowa;
and after a sojourn in Europe, he entered
the lecture field, in which he has attained
a national .reputation.
LEMCKE. HENRY, clergyman, was
born June 27, 1796, in Germany. He per
formed missionary duty in Kansas, and
founded the abbey of St. Benedict in
Atchison, Kan. He returned to Pennsyl
vania in 1858, and after a visit to Ger
many labored in New Jersey till 1877,
when he withdrew to Carrollton, Pa. He
died Nov. 29, 1882, in Carrollton, Pa.
LEMMON, JOHN GILL, botanist, au
thor, was born June 2, 1832, in Lima,
Mich. He is a botanist attached to the
California department of forestry since
1880; and the author of Ferns of the Pa
cific Coast; and Discovery of the Potato.
LEMMON, SARAH ALLEN PLUM-
MER, botanist, author, was born Sept. 3,
1836, in New Gloucester, Maine. She has
painted in watercolors much of the flora
of the Pacific slope, and her collection of
more than eighty field sketches of flow
ers took the first premium at the World's
exposition in New Orleans in 1884-85. On
her discovery of a new genus of plants in
1882, Dr. Asa Gray named it Plummera
floribunda. Mrs. Lemmon is the author
of the papers on The Ferns of the Pa
cific Slope; Silk-Culture in California;
and Marine Botany.
LE MOINE, SAUVOLLE, governor, was
born about 1671 in Canada. He was ap
pointed governor of Louisiana in 1699, and
he retained the office till his death. He
was the first colonial governor of Louisi
ana. He died July 22, 1701, in Biloxi, in
what is now Mississippi.
LE MOYNE, FRANCIS JULIUS, abo
litionist, philanthropist, was born Sept. 4,
1798, in Washington, Pa. He erected in
1876, near Washington, Pa., the first
crematory in the United States. He
founded the public library in Washington,
gave $25,000 for a colored normal school
near Memphis, Tenn., and endowed pro
fessorships of agriculture and applied
mathematics in Washington college. He
died Oct. 14, 1879, in Washington, Pa.
LE MOYNE, J. V., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1828 in Washington
county, Pa. In 1852 he moved to Chi
cago, 111., and commenced the practice of
law; and served as a representative from
Illinois to the forty-fourth congress.
LENNOX, CHARLOTTE RAMSAY, au
thor, was born in 1720 in New York city.
She published a volume of Poems on
Several Occasions. Her other works in
clude Memoirs of Harriet Stuart; The Fe
male Quixote; Henrietta, a novel that
was much read; a translation of the Duke
of Sully's Memoirs; Sophia, a novel; The
Sisters, a comedy; Old City Manners, a
comedy; Euphemia, a novel; and Me
moirs of Henry Lennox. She died Jan. 4,
1804, in England.
LENOIR, WILLIAM, soldier, was born
May 20, 1751, in Brunswick county, Va.
He served with distinction in the revolu
tionary war, attaining the rank of briga
dier-general. He died May 6, 1839, in
Fort Defiance, N. C.
LENT, JAMES, congressman. He was
a member of congress from New York
from 1829 to 1833. He died Feb. 24, 1833,
in Washington.
LENTZ, JOHN JACOB, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 27, 1856, near St.
Clairsville, Ohio. For five years he was
one of the examiners of the city teachers,
and was appointed a trustee of Ohio uni
versity by Governor McKinley. He was
elected from Ohio to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
LEONARD, CHARLES HENRI, physi
cian, journalist, author, was born March
28, 1850, in Akron, Ohio. His preparatory
education was ob
tained at Hiram col
lege, Ohio; Genesee
college of Lima, N.
Y.; and the Union
college of Schenec-
tady, N. Y., from
which latter institu-
tution he received
the degree of A. B.
in 1872, and A. M. in
1882. In 1874 he
graduated in medi
cine from the medi
cal department of the university of Woo-
ster, of Cleveland, and subsequently took
a post-graduate course at the College of
Physicians and Surgeons of New York
city. He has attained success in his
profession at Detroit, Mich.; and has
been professor of gynaecology in the De
troit College of Medicine since 1879. He is
the author of a Pocket Anatomist; and
other works. He is the editor and owner
of Leonard's Illustrated Medical Journal,
which has been published continuously
since 1877.
LEONARD, CHATFIELD, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Sept. 13, 1848, in Roseboom,
N. Y. Since 1874 he has been justice of
the peace in Cooperstown, N. Y. He was
justice of sessions durfng two terms; and
in 1894 was appointed surrogate.
582
HKRRIXGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA CF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LEONARD, FRED CHURCHILL, law
yer, merchant, congressman, was born
Feb. 16, 1856, In Elmer, Pa. He received
his education in the
State Normal school,
in the Willeston
seminary; and in
1883 graduated from
Yale college. He is
a successful lawyer
of Coudersport, Pa.,
and also interested
in the lumbering
business. He served
with distinction as
a member of the
fifty-fourth congress
as a republican. He has filled numerous
minor offices; and has served his party
as chairman of the county committee.
LEONARD, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1698 in Massachusetts. He
was a member of the Massachusetts coun
cil in 1741, and chief justice in 1746.
He died in 1778 in Massachusetts.
LEONARD, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born July 4, 1729, in
Norton, Mass. He was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts from 1789
to 1793, and from 1795 to 1797. He died
July 26, 1819, in Raynham, Mass.
LEONARD, JOHN EDWARDS, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Sept. 22,
isi.'i, in Chester county, Pa. He settled in
Louisiana and practiced law; and was
for a time district attorney. He was ap
pointed a judge of the supreme court of
the state; and was elected a representa
tive from Louisiana to the forty-fifth con
gress. He died March 15, 1878, in Havana,
Cuba.
LEONARD, LEVI WASHBURN, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 16, 1773, in
Bridgewater, Mass. He contributed ex
tensively to the secular and religious
press, superintended the compilation of
the History of Dublin, and wrote a liter
ary and Scientific Class-Book; North
American Spelling Book; and Sequel to
Easy Lessons. He died Dec. 12, 1864, in
Exeter, N. H.
LEONARD, MOSES G., public official,
congressman, was born in Connecticut.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1843 to 1845; and was
for several years commissioner of emigra
tion in the city of New York.
LEONARD, STEPHEN B., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1835 to 1837, and again from 1839 to 1841.
LEONARD, WILLIAM ANDREW, bish
op, author, was born July 15, 1848, in
Southport, Conn. He is the fourth pro-
testant episcopal bishop of Ohio; and the
author of Via Sacra; The Christmas Fes
tival, Its Origin, etc.; Summary of Her
bert Spencer's First Principles; and Brief
History of the Christian Church.
LEONOWENS, MRS. ANNA HARRI
ETTS [CRAWFORD], educator, author,
was born Nov. 5, 1834, in Wales. She <s
an Englishwoman who was governess in
the royal family of Siam for four years,
came to New York in 1867, and has since
taught there. She is the author of The
English Governess at the Siamese Court;
The Romance of the Harem; Life and
Travels in India; and Our Asiatic Cous
ins.
LEOVY, HENRY JEFFERSON, soldier,
journalist, lawyer, was born May 17, 1826,
in Augusta, Ga. For many years he was
the owner of The New Orleans Delta,
which was seized by General Butler in
1862. He served with gallantry in the
confederate army during 1861-65; and in
1870 was elected city attorney of New
Orleans.
LE PLONGEON, MRS. ALICE [DIX-
ON], author, was born in 1851 in England.
She is the wife of the archaeologist and
explorer. Dr. Le Plongeon; and the au
thor of Here and There in Yucatan.
LEROY, ALCIDE, business man, was
born Oct. 12, 1862, in Ascension parish,
La. He is prominent in the business af
fairs . of his native city; and takes an
active part in the public affairs of his
county and state.
LE ROY, WILLIAM EDGAR, naval of
ficer, was born March 24, 1818, in New
York city. He served in the United States
navy during the civil war; and in 1874
was commissioned rear-admiral. He died
Dec. 10, 1888, in New York city.
LESLEY, JOHN PETER, geologist, au
thor, was born Sept. 17, 1819, in Phila
delphia. He is a Philadelphia geologist
of distinction: and the author of Man's
Origin and Destiny from the Platform of
the Sciences; Coal and Its Topography;
and The Iron Manufacturer's Guide.
LESLEY, JOHN THOMAS, stock raiser,
state senator, was born in 1835, in Madi
son county. In 1876 he was elected to the
Florida house of representatives; and in
1878-85 was a member of the state senate.
LESLIE, CHARLES ROBERT, artist,
was born Oct. 19, 1794, in England. He
has attained success as an artist. Among
his best known works are: Uncle Toby
and the Widow; May Days in the Reign
of Queen Elizabeth; The Dinner at Mr.
Page's House; and Sancho Panza and the
Duchess. He died May 5, 1859, in London.
LESLIE, ELIZA, author, was born Nov.
18, 1787, in Philadelphia. She was a Phil
adelphia writer of tales and sketches
whose work was extremely popular in
her day. Among her writings are. Do
mestic Cookery; Mrs. Washington Potts;
The Behavior Book; Pencil Sketches;
American Girl's Book; and The Dennings.
She died Jan. 2, 1857. in Gloucester, N. J.
LESLIE, FRANK, publisher, was born
March 29, 1821, in England. In 1848 he
emigrated to the United States; and in
1854 began the publication of The Ga
zette of Fashion, and The New York
Journal. In 1855 he published the first
number of Frank Leslie's Illustrated
Newspaper; and he subsequently estab
lished the following publications: The
Chimney Corner; The Boys' and Girls'
Weekly; The Lady's Journal; The Bud
get of Fun; The New World; Pleasant
Hours; Popular Monthly; Sunday Maga
zine; The Chatter-Box; The Illustrated
Almanac and the Comic Almanac. He
died Jan. 10, 1880, in New York city.
After his death the business was contin
ued by his wife, who, by legislative act,
took the name of Frank Leslie.
LESLIE, JAMES PERRY, educator,
journalist, lawyer, was born Dec. 28, 1857,
in Mantua, Texas. He received his edu
cation at the Mantua seminary, and at
the Agricultural and Mechanical college
of Texas. For several years he taught
school: and in 1884 established The
Enterprise of Van Alstyne, Texas. He
subsequently was admitted to the bar,
and has attained success in his profes
sion at Sherman, Texas.
LESLIE, MRS. MIRIAM FLORENCE,
author. She is the author of From Goth
am to the Golden Gate.
LESLIE, PRESTON HOPKINS, lawyer,
state senator, governor, was born March 8,
1819, in Clinton county, Ky. He repre
sented Monroe county, Ky., in the legis
lature in 1844 and 1850; and was state
senator from 1851 to 1855. He removed to
Barren county; was again senator from
1867 to 1871; and in 1869 was chosen
speaker of the senate, and acted as lieu
tenant-governor. In 1871 was elected
governor for four years.
LESLIE, THOMAS JEFFERSON, sol
dier, was born Nov. 2, 1796, in England.
In 1865 he was brevetted colonel and
brigadier-general for faithful performance
of duty during a continuous period ot
fifty years. He died Nov. 25, 1874, in New
York city.
LESQUEREUX, LEO, paleontologist,
author, was born Nov. 18, 1806, in Switzer
land. He was a Swiss paleontologist who>
came to America in 1848 and settled in
Columbus, Ohio. He was the author of
Catalogue of the Mosses of Switzerland;
Musci American! Exsiccati; Icones Mus-
carum; Land Plants in the Lower Sil
urian; The Tertiary Flora; and The Coal
Flora; Manual of North America. He
died in 1889.
LESTER, CHARLES EDWARDS, jour
nalist, lecturer, author, was born July 15,
1815, in Griswold, Conn. He was a jour
nalist and litterateur of New York city, at
one time consul at Genoa. He was the
author of Life of Vespucius; The Na
poleon Dynasty; Artists of America; The
Glory and Shame of England; My Consul
ship; Condition and Fate of England;
Samuel Houston and His Republic; Life
of Charles Sumner; Our One Hundred
Years; America's Advancement; The
Mexican Republic; History of the United
States; and Stanhope Burleigh, a novel;
with several translations of standard Ital
ian authors. He died in 1890.
LESTER, CHARLES SMITH, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 15, 1824, in Wor
cester, Mass. He was district attorney in
1859-62 at Saratoga Springs, N. Y. ; county
judge in 1870-76; and has been also su
pervisor of the town of Saratoga, presi
dent of the village of Saratoga Springs,
and president of the board of education.
LESTER, NICHOLAS, soldier, poet, was
born March 29, 1842, in Canada. During
the civil war he served in the one hun
dred and tenth New York volunteers. He
is the author of a number of poems.
LESTER, POSEY GREEN, clergyman,
journalist, congressman, was born March
12. 1850, in Floyd county, Va. In 1876 he
was ordained to the work of the gospel
ministry in the Primitive or Old School
Baptist church, since which time he has.
been principally engaged in traveling and
preaching in eighteen states. Since 1883
he has been associate editor of Zion's
Landmark, one of the periodicals of his.
church. He was elected to the fifty-first
and fifty-second congresses as a demo
crat.
LESTER, RUFUS E., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Dec.
12, 1837, in Burke county, Ga. He entered
the military service of the confederate
states in 1861; and remained in the service
till the end of the war. He was state sen
ator from the first senatorial district of
Georgia in 1870-79; and was president of
the senate during the last three years of
service. He was elected to the fifty-first,
fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth and"
fifty-fifth congresses as a democrat.
LESUEUR, ALEXANDER A., soldier,
journalist, state legislator, public official,
was born Nov. 25, 1842, in St. Louis, Mo.
He served gallantly through the civil war;
was promoted to sergeant-major of bat
talion; and captain commanding the
third Missouri field battery. He settled
in I.<a Fayette county. Mo.; was a mem
ber of the Missouri house of representa
tives in the thirtieth general assembly;
and was the author of the penitentiary
law. In 1888 he was elected secretary of
state of Missouri; and was re-elected in
j892 and in 1896.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
583
LETCHER, GREENLEE D., lawyer,
legislator, was born July 19, 1867, in Lex
ington, Va. In 1889 he was elected a
member of the Virginia legislature, and
received the re-election in 1891.
LETCHER, JOHN, journalist, lawyer,
congressman, governor, was born March
29, 1813, in Lexington, Va. In 1839 he ed
ited the Valley Star; was a presidential
elector in 1849; and was a member of the
convention for reforming the constitu
tion of Virginia in 1850. He was elected
a representative in the thirty-second,
thirty-third, thirty-fourth, and thirty-
fifth congresses; and was governor of
Virginia from 1860 to 1864. He died Jan.
26, 1884, in Lexington, Va.
LETCHER, ROBERT PERKINS, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, gov
ernor, was born Feb. 10, 1788, in Gooch-
land county, Va. He served a number of
years in the Virginia state legislature,
and was at one time elected speaker of
the house. He was a representative in
congress from 1823 to 1835; and a presi
dential elector in 1837. He was governor
of Kentucky from 1840 to 1844; and in
1849 was appointed minister to Mexico.
He died Jan. 24, 1861, in Frankfort, Ky.
LEUTZE, EMANUEL, historical paint
er, was born May 24. 1816, in Germany.
Being obliged to leave Germany on ac
count of political opinions, he made Phil
adelphia his home. His Western Emigra
tion is conspicuous in the national capitol,
and Washington Crossing the Delaware is
everywhere familiar through engravings.
He died July 18, 1868, in Washington,
D. C.
LEVAN, WILLIAM BARNET, civil en
gineer, inventor, author, was born June
3, 1829, in Easton, Pa. He is the inventor
of a steam engine governor; a self-re
cording steam engine indicator and glass
water gauge; and an improved station
ary engine. He is the author of Useful
Information for Engineers; and the
Steam Engine Indicator and Its Use.
LEVENTHORPE, COLLETT, soldier,
was born May 15, 1815, in England. He
served in the civil war with distinction
and attained the rank of brigadier-general
for meritorious services. He died Dec. 1,
1889, in Rutherford, N. C.
LEVERETT, FREDERICK PERCIVAL,
educator, author, was born Sept. 11, 1803,
in Portsmouth, N. H. He was a once
distinguished educator of Boston. Be
sides annotated editions of Juvenal and
other classics, he prepared a much-valued
Lexicon of the Latin Language. He died
Oct. 6, 1836, in Boston, Mass.
LEVERETT, JOHN, colonial governor
of Massachusetts, was born in 1616 in
England. He was one of the governor's
council in 1665-71, major-general in 1663-
73, and deputy governor in 1671-73, be
coming governor at the latter date. He
died March 16, 1679, in Boston, Mass.
LEVERETT, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 25, 1662, in Boston, Mass. He
was a judge, speaker of the colonial legis
lature, member of the council, and presi
dent of Harvard from 1707 until his death.
He died May 3, 1724, in Boston, Mass.
LEVER1DGE, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
was born Sept. 15, 1792, in New York city.
During the war of 1812 he served as a
private. He was a founder of the St.
Nicholas club and of the old Public
School society, and was said to be the old
est active member of the American bar.
He died Feb. 17, 1886, in New York city.
LEVERING, EUGENE, merchant,
banker, was born Sept. 12, 1845, in Balti
more, Md. He has been a successful
merchant in his nauve city; president of
the National Bank of Commerce; and
president of the board of trade.
LEVIN, LEWIS C., lawyer, congress
man, was born Nov. 10, 1808, in Charles
ton, S. C. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1845 to
1851. He died March 14, 1860, in Phila
delphia.
LEVY, WILLIAM MALLORY, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman,
was born Oct. 30, 1827, in the county of
the Isle of Wight, Va. In 1846 he volun
teered in the first Louisiana regiment for
service in Mexico, and was made a lieu
tenant, serving until peace was declared
in 1848. He was a member of the Vir
ginia state legislature in 1860 and 1861;
and a presidential elector in the former
year. He served as a colonel in the con
federate service: and in 1874 was elected
a representative from Louisiana to the
forty-fourth congress.
LEWELLING, LORENZO D., educator,
journalist, governor, was born Dec. 21,
1846, in Salem, Iowa. He commenced life
as a common laborer
on the Burlington
and Missouri rail
road; then drove
cattle for the quar
termaster's depart
ment of the union
army in Tennessee;
then joined a bridge
building corps at
Chattanooga. At the
close of the war he
secured a discharge
and attended Knox
college of Galesburg and other insti
tutions to secure a better education.
He subsequently was employed in
bridge building; then again entered
educational work; and subsequently be
came editor and owner of The Regis
ter, a weekly republican journal of ms
native town. For fifteen years he and
his wife had charge of the Iowa State Re
form school for Girls; and he became
widely known as a penologist. In 1887
he moved to Wichita, Kan., and five years
later was elected governor of that state.
LEWIS, ABNER, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a member of
the assembly of that state from Chautau-
qua county in 1838 and 1839; and was a
representative in congress from New
York from 1845 to 1847.
LEWIS, ABRAM HERBERT, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 17, 1836, in
Scott, N. Y. He is a seventh day baptist
clergyman of Plainfield, N. J., and a writer
of much prominence in his denomina
tion. He is the author of Sabbath and
Sunday; Biblical Teachings Concerning
the Sabbath and Sunday; Critical His
tory of the Sabbath; Critical History of
Sunday Legislation; Biography of the
Puritan Sunday; and Paganism in Chris
tianity.
LEWIS, ALONZO. author, poet, was
born Aug. 28, 1794, in Lynn, Mass. He
was a verse writer of Lynn, once styled
The Lynn Bard. He was the author of
Forest Flowers and Sea Shells; and His
tory of Lynn. He died Jan. 21, 1861, in
Lynn, Mass.
LEWIS, BARBOUR, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born in 1824, in
Alburg, Vt. He entered the army as a
captain of volunteers in 1861, and served
until 1864. In 1863 he was appointed,
by the military authorities, judge for the
district of Memphis, and served as such in
1863-64. In 1867 he was appointed presi
dent of the board of county commission
ers of Shelby county. Tenn., and held the
district attorney
office until 1869. He was elected to the
forty-third congress.
LEWIS, BURWELL BOYKIN, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born July 8, 1838, in Montgomery, Ala.
He resided at Monticello and Tuscaloosa;
served in the confederate army as an of
ficer; and was a presidential elector in
1868. He served in the state legislature
from 1870 to 1872; and in 1874 was elect
ed a representative from Alabama to the
forty-fourth and re-elected to the forty-
sixth congresses as a democrat. .
LEWIS, CHARLES BERTRAND, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1842 in Ohio.
He is a journalist of Detroit on the staff
of the Free Press for many years, and
since 1891 on that of The New York
World. He is the author of Quad's Odds;
Goaks and Tears; and The Lime Kiln
Club.
LEWIS, CHARLES H., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 17, 1839, in Erie
county. N. Y. He received his education
at Cornell college,
Iowa; and at the
Iowa Law school.
During the war he
served as a private
soldier in the union
army; and became
sergeant-major o f
the twenty-seventh
regiment Iowa vol
unteer infantry; and
was adjutant of his
regiment one year.
He has served as
for the fourth ju
dicial district of Iowa for four years;
for sixteen years was judge of the
same district, which at first consisted
of over twenty counties; and he was
a judge in the famous murder case of
Rev. George C. Haddock. He is one of
the foremost lawyers of Sioux City, Iowa;
president of the Iowa Loan and Trust
company; and vice-president of The
Northwestern National bank of Sioux
City, Iowa.
LEWIS, CHARLTON THOMAS, mathe
matician, lawyer, author, was born in
1834 in Pennsylvania. He is a lawyer and
mathematician of Morristown, N. J.; and
the author of History of the German Peo
ple; Latin Dictionary for Schools; and
Elementary Latin Dictionary.
LEWIS, CLARKE, soldier, merchant,
planter, state legislator, congressman,
was born Nov. 8, 1840, in Madison county,
Ala. At the age of
three he accompan
ied his widowed
mother to Noxubee
county, Miss. He
worked on a farm
and attended the
county school until
the age of sixteen
years; when he en
tered the Somerville
institute; took a
partial course, and
subsequently taught
school. He served with distinction
throughout the civil war as a private in
the confederate army during 1861-65. He
then taught school for awhile: for thir
teen years during 1866-79 was engaged in
merchandising and farming on his own
account; and from 1879 until his death
was exclusively a planter. In 1877 he was
elected to the Mississippi state legisla
ture; and in 1884 was a candidate for con
gress, but was defeated by the fraction
of a vote. He was elected to the fifty-first
and fifty-second congresses as a demo
crat, and served on several important
committees. He died in 1894.
584
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LEWIS, DANIEL, physician, was born
Jan. 17, 1846, in Alfred, N. Y. Since 1895
he has been president of the New York
state board of health; and has made
many valuable contributions to the medi
cal periodicals.
LEWIS, DANIEL P., railroad president,
was born March 28, 1849, in Brooklyn,
N. Y. In 1886 he was elected president of
the Brooklyn City railway; and is also
president of the Brooklyn Heights Rail
road company.
LEWIS, DAVID P., governor. He was
governor of Alabama from 1872 to 1874.
While governor of Alabama he was in
strumental in the passing of a number of
laws important to the industrial develop
ment of that state. He also held most of
the public offices in the gift of his state.
LEWIS, DIG, physician, author, was
born March 3, 1826, in Auburn, N. Y. He
was a well-known Boston physician and
health reformer. He was the author of
New Gymnastics; Our Girls; Our Diges
tion; Chastity; and Weak Lungs and
How to Make Them Strong, are among his
most important works. He died May 21
1886, in Yonkers, N. Y.
LEWIS, DIXON HALL, congressman,
United States senator, was born Aug. 10,
1802, in Hancock county, Ga. He repre
sented Alabama in congress from 1829 to
1843; and from 1844 until his death was
a senator in congress. He died Oct. 25,
1848, in New York.
LEWIS, EDMONIA. sculptor, was born
July 4, 1845, near Albany, N. Y. " Her
works, which show considerable ideality
and talent, have found their chief patron
age abroad. Among them are The Freed-
woman; Death of Cleopatra, a vividly re
alistic work, sent to the Centennial exhi
bition of 1876; The Old Arrow-Maker and
His Daughter; Hagar; and Rebecca at
the Well.
LEWIS, EDMUND DARCH, artist, was
born Oct. 17, 1837, in Philadelphia, Pa.
Up to 1876 he worked principally at land
scape painting, but since then has devoted
himself to marine views. Among his
•works are Queen of the Antilles; Valley
of the Umri; Autumn on the Susque-
hanna; Midday on Lake George; Fair-
mount Park; Bass Rocks after a Storm;
Indian Rock of an Afternoon; and The
Casino at Narragansett Pier.
LEWIS, EDWARD PARKE CUSTIS,
soldier, planter, state legislator, diplomat,
was born Feb. 7, 1837, in Audley, Va. At
the beginning of the civil war he entered
the confederate army; and served
throughout the war, rising to the rank of
colonel. In 1875 he settled in Hoboken.
N. J.; and in 1877 was elected a member
of the New Jersey house of delegates.
He died Sept. 3, 1892, in Hoboken, N. J.
LEWIS, EDWARD TAYLOR, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Oct. 26, 1836, in Opelousas, La. He
served in the confederate army through
out the civil war, rising to the rank of
captain. In 1865 he was elected a repre
sentative in the state legislature; and was
elected a representative from Louisiana
to the forty-eighth congress, to fill a va
cancy.
LEWIS, ELIJAH BANKS, merchant,
banker, state senator, congressman, was
born March 27, 1854, in Dooly county, Ga.
He was elected to the Georgia state senate
for the years 1894-95; and was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
LEWIS, ELISHA JOSEPH, physician,
author, was born in 1820 in Baltimore,
Md. He is a Philadelphia physician; and
the author of Hints to Sportsmen; and
The American Sportsman.
LEWIS, ELLIS, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born May 16, 1798, in Lewisberry, Pa.
In 1843 he was made president judge of
the second district;
in 1851 he was elect
ed a justice of the
state supreme court;
and in 1854-67 was
chief justice of Penn
sylvania. He pub
lished Abridgment
of the Criminal Law
of the United States.
He was one of the
commissioners to re
vise the criminal
code of Pennsyl
vania. He died March 19, 1871, in Phila
delphia.
LEWIS, ENOCH, educator, author, was
born Jan. 29, 1776, in Radnor, Pa. He was
an educator among the Friends of Penn
sylvania; and the author of Vindication
of the Society of Friends; Oaths; Bap
tism; and Life of William Penn. He died
June 14, 1856, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LEWIS, MRS. ESTELLE ANNA
BLANCHE [ROBINSON], author, poet,
was born in April, 1824, near Baltimore,
Md. She was a Brooklyn writer whose
life was largely spent in Europe. She was
the author of Sappho of Lesbos; Records
of the Heart; Child of the Sea; Myths
of the Minstrel; and Helemah, or the
Fall of Montezuma. She died Nov. 24,
1880, in England.
LEWIS, FRANCIS, signer of the dec
laration of independence, was born in
March, 1713, in Wales. In 1735 he set
tled in New York as a merchant; and
in the prosecution of his business visited
Russia and other parts of Europe. He
became one of the Sons of Liberty; was
a delegate to the continental congress
from 1776 to 1779; signed the articles of
confederation; and was also one of the
signers of the declaration of independence
He died Dec. 30, 1803, in New York city
N. Y.
LEWIS, GEORGE JOHN, journalist,
banker, legislator, was born March 28,
1861, in Watertown, Minn. For ten years
he has been a successful banker of Boise,
Idaho. He served with distinction as a
member of the second Idaho legislature;
and during 1897-98 was secretary of state
of Idaho. In 1897 he was the democratic
candidate for the United States senate
from Idaho.
LEWIS, GEORGE L., railroad president,
was born May 31, 1857, in Buffalo, N. Y.
In 1893 he was elected president of the
Portage Creek and Rich Valley railway.
LEWIS, MRS. HARRIET, author, was
born in 1841. She is the author of Amber,
the Adopted; and Her Double Life. She
died in 1878.
LEWIS, HENRY CARVILL, geologist,
educator, was born Nov. 16, 1853, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He furnished numerous pa
pers on the geology and mineralogy of
Pennsylvania to the Proceedings of the
Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sci
ences. He was elected professor of miner
alogy in the Academy of Natural Sciences
in 1880, and to the chair of geology in
Haverford college in 1883. He died July
21, 1888, in England.
LEWIS, HIRAM WHEELER, prohibi
tionist, author, was born March 11, 1843,
in Warren, Ohio. He was the founder of
the Lewis academy of Wichita, Kan., in
which city he organized the national
bank in 1876, and of which he was presi
dent for sixteen years. He served one
term in the Mississippi legislature in
1870-71; and for five years succeeding
that time was a county sheriff.
LEWIS, IDA, heroine, was born Feb.
25, 1842, in Newport, R. I. She is called
the Grace Darling of America. Her father,
the keeper of Lime Rock lighthouse, be
coming paralytic, Ida was obliged to use
the oars herself in providing for the fam
ily, which made her so expert that at the
early age of sixteen she was numbered
with the brave, by rescuing drowning
people. Eleven lives were saved by her
in as many years; but the last brave deed
of March 29, 1869, when she rescued two
soldiers from Fort Adams, whose boat had
capsized, gave her national popularity.
LEWIS, ISAAC IVES, merchant, bank
er, legislator, was born Feb. 7, 1825, in
Meriden, Conn. During 1854-71 he was
a successful mer
chant and real estate
dealer of Minneap
olis, Minn.; and dur
ing 1871-90 was su
per intend ent of
mines in Montana
and Idaho. In 1867-
68 he was a member
of the Minnesota
[ house of representa
tives. In 1875-76 and
again in 1877-78 he
served with distinc
tion as a member of the legislative coun
cil of Montana at Helena. He is now a
successful merchant and banker at Ketch-
urn, Idaho; and president of the First
National bank of that city, which was
organized in 1884.
LEWIS, ISAAC NEWTON, educator,
lawyer, jurist, author, was born Dec. 25,
1848, in Walpole, Mass. He received the
rudiments of his ed
ucation in the Eliot
High school of Bos
ton, Mass.; received
the degree of A. B.
from Harvard col
lege in 1873; and the
degrees of A. M. and
LL. B. from the Bos
ton university. He
taught school in the
Eliot High school
and has filled a pro
fessorship in the
Chelsea academy. He has been president
of the Union Publishing company; presi
dent of the Maple Grove cemetery, and
served with distinction as judge. He has
traveled extensively in Europe, Palestine,
Egypt, India and Japan, making a com
plete tour around the world in 1887-88.
He is a successful lawyer of Boston,
Mass.; is the author of Immoriam; Pleas
ant Hours in Sunny Lands; and a con
stant contributor to periodical literature.
LEWIS, JAMES HAMILTON, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 18, 1863, in
Danville, Va. In 1885 he was elected to
the Washington territorial senate as a
democrat for the eleventh district; and
was nominated for governor in 1892, and
declined the nomination because opposed
to the platform. He was one of the two
nominees of the democrats in the legis
lature of 1894 for United States senator;
and in the national democratic conven
tion in Chicago, 1896, his name was pre
sented by the state of Washington for
vice-president of the United States. He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
LEWIS, JAMES T., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, governor, was born Oct.
30, 1819, in Clarendon, N. Y. He was elect
ed to the Wisconsin state legislature In
1851; and to the state senate in 1852.
He was lieutenant-governor in 1853; sec
retary of state in 1861; and governor of
Wisconsin in 18fi3.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
585
LEWIS, JOHN FRANCIS, farmer,
United States senator, was born March 1,
1818, near Fort Republic, Va. He was a
union candidate for congress in 1865, and
defeated; and in 1869 was nominated for
lieutenant-governor, and elected. He was
elected a United States senator from Vir
ginia in 1869, and took his seat in 1870
for the term ending in 1875.
LEWIS, JOHN FREDERICK, lawyer,
orator, was born Sept. 10, I860, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He received his education in
the public schools of Philadelphia, and
was a graduate of the Central High school
of that city. He has attained success at
the bar; has been president of the Law
academy of Philadelphia, and was former
ly its prothonotary. He is chairman of
the executive committee of the Philadel
phia Humane society; president of the
American Humane union; and vice-presi
dent of the Merchants' Trust company.
He is identified with many charitable in
stitutions; is secretary of the Pennsyl
vania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb;
and for many years was president of the
Lutheran association of Philadelphia, and
also of the Missionary society of St. John's
Lutheran church.
LEWIS, JOHN H., lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born July 21,
1830, in Tompkins county, N. Y. He was
elected clerk of the circuit court of Knox
county, 111., in 1860; was elected a repre
sentative in the state legislature in 1874;
and was elected a representative from Il
linois to the forty-seventh congress as a
republican.
LEWIS, JOHN KERFOOT, educator,
clergyman, was born March 18, 1835, in
York, Pa. In 1858 he was ordained dea
con, and two years later a priest in the
protestant episcopal church. He was com
missioned a chaplain in the United States
navy in 1869, retiring from same in 1897.
LEWIS, JOHN T., soldier, lawyer, was
born Nov. 6, 1838, in Lewis county, Mo.
He served four years in the confederate
army under General Price's command.
For eight years he was cashier of the
Canton Savings bank; and for six years
was mayor of that city. In 1876 he was
a presidential elector on the Tilden and
Hendricks ticket; and was prominent in
politics during the trying times of re
construction; and has always been a con
sistent democrat. He is now one of the
foremost lawyers of Texas at San An
tonio.
LEWIS, JOHN TILLERY, physical in
structor, was born Jan. 6, 1874, in Homes-
ville, Miss. He attended the Millsaps col
lege of Jackson, Miss., in which institu
tion he is physical director and gymnastic
instructor. He also has been professor
in the summer school of Higher Physical
Culture at Monteagle, Tenn.
LEWIS, JOHN WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, was born near Greensburg, Ky.
He was a member of the republican state
central committee of
Kentucky from 1878
to 1891, and was
chairman of the same
in the state cam
paign of 1887; and
was the republican
candidate for elector
for his district in the
presidential cam
paign of 1892. He
has been often elect
ed special judge of
Marion circuit court,
and served as special judge in circuit
courts of Marion, Taylor and other coun
ties of the judicial district. He was nomi
nated for representative in congress by
the republican convention, June, 1894,
and was elected to the fifty-fourth con
gress as a republican.
LEWIS, JOSEPH, JR., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1803 to 1817.
LEWIS, JOSEPH H., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Oct. 29,
1824, in Barren county, Ky. He was a
member of the state legislature in 1850,
1851. 1852 and 1869. He was elected to'
the forty-first congress to fill a vacancy;
and was re-elected to the forty-second
congress as a democrat.
LEWIS, JOSEPH R., lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to Washington ter
ritory; and in 1872 was appointed an as
sociate justice of the United States court
for that district.
LEWIS, JOSHUA, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1744 in Virginia. He was an'early
emigrant to the territory of Orleans;
and in 1806 was appointed judge of the
United States court for that district. He
died June 5, 1833, in New Orleans, La.
LEWIS, JUAN, soldier, public official,
poet. Col. Lewis is connected with the
United States patent office at Washing
ton, D. C., in which
city he is also chair
man of the Lewis
Printing company.
He has delivered ded
ication poems at re
unions; has written
extensively for the
periodical press; and
is the author of a
volume of poems.
His poems have been
given a place in
Poets of America
and in other standard collections; and
also constantly appear in the leading pe
riodicals of the east.
LEWIS, LAURENCE, lawyer author
was born June 20, 1857, in Philadelphia'
He was a lawyer of Philadelphia-
Pa.
and the author of Pennsylvania Courts in
the Seventeenth Century; History of the
Bank of North America; Memoir of Ed
ward Shippen; and Original Land Titles
in Philadelphia. He died in 1890.
LEWIS, MERIWETHER, explorer gov
ernor, was born Aug. 18, 1774 near Char-
lottesville, Pa. He was made governor of
Louisiana territory in 1807; and restored
the country from strife and dissensions to
order. He died by his own hand Oct 8
1809, near Nashville, Tenn.
LEWIS, MORGAN, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, governor was 'born
Oct. 16, 1754, in New York city. He was
judge of the supreme
court of New York
in 1792; chief justice
in 1801 ; and govern
or from 1804 to 1807.
He was a member of
the state legislature
from 1808 to 1811. He
was appointed quar
termaster - general
with the rank of
brigadier-general in
1812; and major-gen
eral in 1813. In 1814
he was entrusted with the defense of New
York city; subsequently devoted himself
to literature and agriculture. In 1835 was
president of the New York Historical so
ciety. He died Oct. 16, 1854, in New York
city.
LEWIS, NATHANIEL W., soldier, hor
ticulturist, state senator, was born Sept.
11, 1831, in Washington county, Vt. He
taught school for awhile, and in 1858
moved to Calhoun county, Mich. In 1862
he enlisted as a private in an independent
regiment known as Merrill's Horse; was
promoted through the grades to lieuten
ant; and was mustered out in the fall of
1865. He is a successful fruit grower and
nurseryman of Goblesville, Mich.; has
filled numerous offices of trust; and served
two years, during 1878-79, as a member
of the Michigan state senate.
LEWIS, RICHARD JAMES, lawyer,
state legislator, was born Nov. 22, 1851, in
New York city. In 1885 he was elected to
the New York assembly from New York
city.
LEWIS, MRS. SADIE, poet, was born
Feb. 14, 1859, in Pleasant Gap, Pa. She
is the author of a number of poems.
LEWIS, SETH, lawyer, jurist. He was
an early emigrant to the territory of Mis
sissippi; and in 1800 was appointed chief
justice of the United States court for
that district.
LEWIS, TAYLOR, educator, author, was
born in 1802 in New York. He was an
educator of note who was professor of
Greek in Union college from 1849 until
his death. He was the author of The Pla
tonic Theology; The Bible and Science;
Six Days of Creation; Defense of Capital
Punishment (with G. B. Cheever) ; The
Dhine-Human in the Scriptures; States'
Rights; Heroic Periods in the Nation's
History; and The Light by which we
See Light. He died in 1877.
LEWIS, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1803 to 1804, when his seat was
successfully contested by A. Moore.
LEWIS, THOMAS D., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Sept. 15, 1865, in Salt Lake
City. In 1896 he was elected a member
of the first Utah state legislature.
LEWIS, WESTON, railroad president,
was born Dec. 26, 1850. Since 1890 he has
been president of the Kennebec Central
railroad at Gardiner, Maine.
LEWIS, WILLIAM, soldier, was born in
1765 in Virginia. He was a lieutenant-
colonel of Kentucky volunteers in the war
of 1812. He died Jan. 17, 1825 in Little
Rock, Ark.
LEWIS, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, was
born in the state of Pennsylvania. In 1791
he was appointed a judge of the United
States court for the district of Pennsyl
vania.
LEWIS, WILLIAM DAVID, translator,
was born Dec. 22, 1792, in Christiana, Del.
He translated and published the Bokesar-
ian Fountain, by Alexander Pushkin, and
other poems by various Russian authors.
He died April 1, 1881, near Florence, N. J.
LEWIS, WILLIAM DAVID, soldier, was
born in 1828 in Philadelphia, Pa.' He
served in the civil war, and in 1865 was
brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers.
He died Jan. 19, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LEWIS, WILLIAM J., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1817 to 1819.
LEWIS, WINSLOW, physician, surgeon,
author, was born July 8, 1799, in Boston,
Mass. He translated from the French,
Gall on the Structure and Functions of
the Brain; edited Faxon's Anatomy; and
the Journal of the Boston Gynaecological
Society, one volume of which was pub
lished. He died Aug. 3, 1875, in Grant-
ville, Mass.
LEWIS, ZACHARIAH, educator, jour
nalist, was born Jan. 1, 1773, in Wilton,
Conn. In 1803 he became editor of the
New York Commercial Advertiser, and of
the New York Spectator. He died Nov.
14, 1840, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HKiiltlNGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LEXOW, CLARENCE, lawyer, state
senator, was born Sept. 16, 1852, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. In 1890 he was a representative
in congress; and in 1893 was elected to
the New York state senate.
LEYPOLDT, FREDERICK, bibliograph
er, author, was born Nov. 17, 1835, in Ger
many. He published an American Cata
logue for 1869, and in 1876 he began work
on the American catalogue proper, which
was completed in 1880. His Publishers'
Uniform Trade-List Annual was begun in
1873; the Literary News in 1875; the Li
brary Journal in 1876, and the Index Med-
icus, a monthly medical bibliography, in
1880. He died March 31, 1884. in New
York city.
L'HOMMEDIEU, EZRA, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 30, 1734, in
Stronghold, N. Y. He was a delegate from
New York to the continental congress
from 1779 to 1783, and again in 1787 and
1788. He died Sept. 28, 1811, in Strong
hold, N. Y.
LIBBEY. HARRY, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1843 in Wakefleld.
N. H. He settled in Elizabeth City coun
ty; and in 1869 was appointed one of the
presiding justices of the county. He was
elected a representative from Virginia to
the forty-eighth and forty-ninth con
gresses.
LIBBEY, LAURA JEAN, author. Her
greatest work is Miss Middleton's Lover,
which is a classic comparable with the
finest production of any foreign or do
mestic pen.
LIBBY, JAMES ALBERT, clergyman,
poet, was born July 3, 1832, in Poland.
Maine. He is an advent clergyman of
West Poland, Maine. He is the author of
a number of poems.
L1EBKR. FRANCIS, educator, author,
was born March 18, 1800, in Germany. He
was an eminent publicist, professor of
political economy in the university of
South Carolina in 1835-56, and subse
quently at Columbia college. He was the
author of Reminiscences of Niebuhr; The
West, and Other Poems; Manual of Politi
cal Ethics; Laws of Property; Civil Lib
erty and Self-Government; Legal and Po
litical Hermeneutics; Instructions for the
Armies in the Field; The Character of the
Gentleman; and Miscellaneous Writings.
He died Oct. 2. 1872, in New York city.
1JEBER. OSCAR MONTGOMERY, sol
dier, geologist, author, was born Sept. 8,
1830, in Boston, Mass. He was a soldier in
the federal army during the civil war;
and the author of The Assayer's Guide;
The Analytical Chemist's Assistant; and
The Geology of Mississippi. He died June
27, 1862, in Richmond, Va.
LIGHT. GEORGE WASHINGTON, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born Jan. 21, 1809,
in Portland, Maine. He was a journalist
of Boston; and the author of Life of Tim
othy Claxton; and Keep Cool, Go Ahead,
and a Few More Poems. He died Jan. 27,
1868, in Somerville, Mass.
LIGON, ROBERT F., soldier, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was borr. in
Clarke county, Ga. He served in the
Mexican war as a captain. He was a rep
resentative in the Georgia legislature in
1849 and 1850; a state senator In 1860, and
again in 1863. He was a captain in the
confederate army; and was lieutenant-
governor in 1874. He was elected a rep-
resentathe from Alabama to the forty-
fifth congress as a democrat.
LIGON, THOMAS WATKINS, congress
man, governor, was born in Prince Ed
ward county, Va. He was a representa
tive in congress from Maryland from 1845
to 1849; and in 1854 was elected governor
of that state. He died Jan. 13, 1881.
LIKINS, JOHN L., merchant, legislator,
was born May 6, 1861, in Jasper county,
Iowa. He has served in the city council
of Whatcom, Wash., for three terms; and
in 1S96 was elected a member of the
Washington state legislature.
LILLIE, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born Dec. 16, 1812, in Scotland. He was
a presbyterian clergyman of Kingston, N.
Y., who published The Perpetuity of the
Earth. He died in February, 1867. in
Kingston. N. Y.
LILLIE, MRS. LUCY CECIL [WHITE],
author, was born in 1835 in New York.
She is a writer of popular juveniles: and
the author of Mildred's Bargain; Nan;
The Story of Music and Musicians; Rolf
House; The Colonel's Money; Jo's Op
portunity; The Household of Glen Holly;
The Story of English Literature; Pru
dence, a Novel of ^Esthetic London;
Ruth Endicott's Way; and Alison's Ad
ventures.
LILLIE, MRS. R. SHEPARD, poet, was
born in Erie county, N. Y. She is the
author of a book of poems entitled Rays
of Light.
LILLY, HERBERT L., educator, law
yer, jurist, was lorn July 12, 1858, in Do
ver, Ohio. He received his education in
the common schools of his native city,
and at the Delaware university of Ohio.
For se\ eral years he was engaged in ed
ucational work as a teacher in the public
schools of Dover and Cleveland, Ohio.
During 1891-95 he was city prosecutor in
Cleveland; and in 1896 was appointed a
police judge in that city.
LILLY, SAMUEL, physician, congress
man, was born Oct. 28, 1815, in Geneva,
N. Y. He was a representative in con
gress from New Jersey from 1853 to 1855.
LINCOLN, ABRAHAM, sixteenth presi
dent of the United States, was born Feb.
12, 1809, in Hardin (now Larne) county.
Ky. In 1816 his father
and family removed
to what is now Spen
cer county, Ind. Here
he attended school
aboutoneyear, which
was all the schooling
he ever had. In 1830
• the family removed
»o Macon county 111.
When the Black
Hawk war broke out,
in 1832, Abraham
Lincoln joined a vol
unteer company, and was at once chosen
captain. At the close of the war they
were disbanded at Whitewater, Wis., and
he made his way home on foot and on a
raft down the Illinois river. In the fall of
1832 he became a candidate for the state
legislature, and was beaten. He was post
master at New Salem from 1833 to 1836. In
1834 he was elected to the legislature as
a whig, and re-elected in 1836-38-40. He
was one of the five whig presidential
electors for Illinois in 1840. He was ad
mitted to the bar in 1836, and commenced
the practice of law at Springfield in 1837.
Up to this time he had never seen the in
side of a college or academy. He married
Miss Mary Todd, Nov. 4, 1842. He was
elected a representative to congress in
1846, and declined to be a candidate for
re-election in 1848. May 16, 1860, the re
publican national convention met at Chi
cago to nominate candidates for president
and vice-president of the United States.
May 18 the balloting commenced. On the
first ballot William Henry Seward re
ceived 173 \otes; Abraham Lincoln, 102;
Simon Cameron, 50; Salmon Portland
Chase, 49; Edward Bates, 48; William L.
Dayton, 14; John McLean, 12; scattering,
16. On the second ballot Seward re
ceived 184 votes; Lincoln, 181; Chase, 42;
Bates, 35; Dayton. 10; McLean. 8; scat
tering, 4. The third ballot was as fol
lows: Lincoln, 231; Seward, 180; Chase,
24; Bates, 22; scattering, 7. Before the re
sult was announced four Ohio delegates
changed their votes, giving him a major
ity. It was then made unanimous. Han
nibal Hamlin was nominated for vice-
president. Being duly elected, they were
inaugurated March 4, 1861. Prior to this
time several of the southern states had
passed ordinances of secession. The vari
ous calls made by Lincoln for troops to
suppress the rebellion were: The call of
April,' 1861, for 75,000; the call of May,
1861, for 82.748; the call of July, 1861, for
500,000; the call of July, 1862, for 300,000;
the call of August, 1862, for 300,000; the
call of June, 1863, for 100,000; the call of
October, 1863, for 300,000; the call of Feb
ruary, 1864, for 200.000; the call of March,
1864, for 200,000; the call of April, 1864,
for 85,000; the call of July, 1864, for 500,-
000; the call of December, 1864. for 300,-
000. The total number of troops called
for was 2,942,748. The total number ob
tained was 2,690,401. In 1864-65 the ex
penditures of the government amounted
to over $3,500,000 per day. The national
debt at the close of the war was over $2,-
749,000,000.
The best speech that ever fell from
human lips was delivered by Abra
ham Lincoln on the battlefield of Gettys
burg, Nov. 19, 1863. We give it in full, as
follows:
"Fourscore and seven years ago our
fathers brought forth upon this continent
a new nation, conceived in liberty and
dedicated to the proposition that all men
are created equal. Now we are engaged
in a great chil war, testing whether that
nation, or any nation so conceived and so-
dedicated, can long endure. We are met
on a great battlefield of that war. We
have come to dedicate a portion of that
field as a final resting-place for those
who here gave up their lives that
that nation might live. It is altogether
fitting and proper that we should do this.
But in a larger sense we cannot dedicate,
we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow
this ground. The brave men, living and
dead, who struggled here ha\e conse
crated it far above our power to add or
detract. The world will little note, nor
long remember, what we say here, but it
can never forget what they did here. It is
for us, the living, rather to be dedicated
here to the unfinished work which they
who fought here have thus far so nobly
advanced. It is rather for us to be here
dedicated to the great task remaining tie-
fore us, that from these honored dead we
take increased devotion to that cause
for which they gave the last full measure
of devotion; that we here highly resolve-
that these dead shall not have died in
vain; that this nation, under God. shall
have a new birth of freedom, and that
the government of the people, by the peo
ple, and for the people, shall not perish
from the earth."
June 8, 1864, the national republican
convention met at Baltimore, and re-
nominated President Lincoln, with An
drew Johnson for vice-president. They
were inaugurated March 4. 18iif>. He was
assassinated in Ford's theater, at Wash
ington, by John Wilkes Booth, on the
fourteenth of April, and died on the fif
teenth. The whole nation, like one great
family, mourned his loss. Lincoln held
office fourteen years. He left about $75.-
000. His complete works are contained in
two volumes, edited by Nicolay and Hay.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
587
LINCOLN, BENJAMIN, soldier, was
born Jan. 24, 1733, in Hingham, Mass. He
was a farmer until 1773, holding the offices
of magistrate, repre
sentative in the pro
vincial legislature;
and colonel of mili
tia. In 1776 he joined
thecontinental army,
and rose rapidly to
the position of ma
jor-general. He died
May 9, 1810, in Hing
ham, Mass. He was
a gallant soldier; a
great jurist and
statesman, and one
of the foremost men of his time.
LINCOLN, DANIEL FRANCIS, phy
sician, author, was born Jan. 4. 1841, in
Boston, Mass. He is a physician of Bos
ton; and the author of School Hygiene;
Electro-Therapeutics; and School and In
dustrial Hygiene.
LINCOLN, ENOCH, congressman, gov
ernor, poet, was born Dec. 28, 1788. in
Worcester, Mass. He was a member of
the United States house of representatives
from Massachusetts from 1818 to 1820, and
from 1821 to 1826 from the new state of
Maine. He was then elected governor of
Maine, and re-elected in 1828. He pub
lished, while at Fryeburg, a poem, en
titled The Village; and was also the au
thor of some historical recollections of
Maine. He died Oct. 8, 1829, in Augusta,
Maine.
LINCOLN, FREDERIC WALKER, ban
ker, legislator, was born in 1817 in Mas
sachusetts. He was president of the
Franklin Savings bank of Boston. Mass.;
and served several terms in the state leg
islature. He died Sept. 19, 1898, in Bos
ton, Mass.
LINCOLN, HEMAN, clergyman, educa
tor, author, was born April 14, 1821, in
Boston, Mass. He is a baptist divine, pro
fessor of church history at Newton The
ological seminary since 1868; and the au
thor of Outline Lectures in Church His
tory; and Outline Lectures in History of
Doctrine.
LINCOLN, ISAAC, physician, surgeon,
was born Jan. 26, 1780, in Cohasset,
Mass. After graduating at Cambridge in
1800 he taught
school; and in 1804
began the practice of
medicine. In 1820 he
took up his residence
^t ^| in Brunswick, where
he has attained
prominenceas one of
the foremost physi
cians of New Eng
land. In 1848 he was
a nominee for con
gress; from 1805 he
was a member of the
board of overseers of Bowdoin college;
and filled numerous positions of trust
and honor.
LINCOLN, JANE ELIZABETH, author,
poet, was born in 1829, in Colebrook,
Conn. She is a frequent contributor, un
der the pen-name Kate Campbell, to the
magazines published by Godey, Sartain,
Peterson, and Neal, and to the annuals.
Subsequently she wrote for baptist jour
nals.
LINCOLN, MRS. JEANIE [GOULD],
author, poet, was born in 1846, in New
York. She is a writer of Washington city;
and the author of A Chaplet of Leaves, a
book of verse; Marjorie's Quest, a story
for young people; Her Washington Win
ter; and A Genuine Girl.
LINCOLN, JOHN H., lawyer, jurist,
was born July 19, 1859, in Piano. 111. He
is one of the foremost lawyers of Ne
braska at Stock\ille; has held the office
of city prosecutor for several terms; has
been United States prosecuting attorney;
and twice served with distinction as judge
of his district. In 1892 he was a delegate
to the Omaha national convention.
LINCOLN, JOHN LARKIN, educator,
author, was born Feb. 23, 1817, in Boston,
Mass. He was a professor of Latin in
Brown university, well known as a classi
cal scholar, and editor of editions of Livy,
Horace, and Cicero. He died Oct. 17, 1891,
in Providence, R. I.
LINCOLN, JOSEPH C., soldier, physi
cian, surgeon, was born May 22, 1844, in
Albany, N. Y. He received his education
at the Lawrence university of Appleton,
Wis. ; and in 1871 graduated from the
Rush Medical college of Chicago, 111. Dur
ing the cnil war he was a member of
the first regiment of Minnesota volun
teers. He has a large practice in Bowling
Gieen, Ohio: is a member of the board of
examining surgeons for pensions; and in
1892 was the republican candidate for con
gress from the Toledo district.
LINCOLN. LEVI, lawyer, jurist,, con
gressman, was born May 15, 1749, in Hing
ham, Mass. He was a judge of probate; a
state senator in 1797; and county prosecu
tor in 1775. He was a representative in
congress from 1799 to 1801. In 1801 he was
appointed attorney-general of the United
States, and acted as secretary of state un
til Mr. Madison reached Washington. He
was a state counselor in 1806, 1810, and
1811; and in 1807 was lieutenant-governor
of Massachusetts, acting as governor in
1809. He died April 14. 1820, in Worces
ter, Mass.
LINCOLN, LEVI, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, congressman, governor, was born
Oct. 25, 1782, in Massachusetts. He was
a state senator in 1812; a state represen
tative from 1814 to 1823, and speaker in
1822. He was lieutenant-governor of Mas
sachusetts in 1823; judge of the supreme
court of the state in 1824; a presidential
elector in 1825 and 1864; and governor of
Massachusetts from 1825 to 1834. From
1834 to 1841 he was a representath e in
congress. He was a state senator in 1844
and 1845, and president of the senate. He
died May 29, 1868, in Worcester, Mass.
LINCOLN, MARTHA DE, was born in
1838, in Herkimer county, N. Y. Mrs.
Lincoln was educated at Whitestown sem
inary, New York, and early in life com
menced literary work; and her poems and
articles have generally appeared under the
nom de plume of Bessie Beech. In 1882,
with two other journalists, she organized
the Woman's National Press association,
which was the first chartered woman's
press organization in the world. She was
its first secretary, and served the organi
zation eight years as president. Her most
laborious work has been Central Figures
in American Science; and her best work
in prose and poetry is entitled Beech
Leaves. In 1891 she was appointed dele
gate to the international peace congress in
Rome; and again in 1892 to the peace
congress in Switzerland; and the same
year she was elected president of the
American Society of Authors for Washing
ton, D. C. She is the wife of Henry M.
Lincoln, an eminent physician of Wash
ington, D. C.
LINCOLN, MRS. MARY JOHNSON
[BAILEY], author, was born in 1844, in
Massachusetts. She is a Boston teacher
of cookery, culinary editor of The Ameri
can Kitchen Magazine; and the author of
Boston Cook Book; Carving and Serving:
Twenty Lessons in Cookery; and Kitchen
Text-Book.
LINCOLN, MARY TODD. was born Dec.
12, 1818, in Lexington, Ky. She was the
wife of Abraham Lincoln. She died July
16, 1S82, in Springfield, 111.
LINCOLN, ROBERT T., soldier, lawyer
was born Aug. 1, 1843, in Springfield, 111.
He entered the union army as captain and
assistant adjutant-general; and resigned
in June, 1865. He was a presidential elec
tor in 1880; and in 1881 was appointed
secretary cf war in the cabinet of Presi
dent Garfield, and continued in that po
sition in the cabinet of President Arthur.
In 1889 he was appointed minister to
Great Britain.
LINCOLN, WILLIAM, antiquarian, au
thor, was born in 1801, in Worcester. He
was one of the publishers of the Worces
ter Magazine in 1826-27. He delivered an
oration at Worcester in 1816, and was the
author of a History of Worcester. He
died Oct. 5, 1843, in Worcester.
LINCOLN, WILLIAM S., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Aug. 13, 1813, in
Newark Valley, N. Y. In 1866 he was
elected a representative from New York to
the fortieth congress.
LIND, JOHN, lawyer, congressman, was
born March 25, 1854, in Sweden. He was
a member of congress from the second
district of Minnesota in the fiftieth, fifty-
first, and fifty-second congresses, and de
clined to be a candidate for renomination.
He had charge and secured the passage of
the automatic car coupler bill through the
house.
LINDERMAN, HENRY RICHARD,
financier, author, was born Dec. 26, 1825.
in Lehman, Pa. He was the director of
the United States mint at Philadelphia
since 1873, whose annual report for 1877
is a powerful argument for the gold stand
ard. He was the author of Money and Le
gal Tender in the United States. He died
Jan. 27, 1879, in Washington, D. C.
LINDESAY, MRS. MARIA B., poet, was.
born Jan. 1, 1862, in England. She is the
author of a number of poems.
LINDLEY. JAMES J., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 1, 1822, in Mansfield,
Ohio. He moved to Monticello, Mo.; and
in 1848 he was elected circuit attorney
for eight counties, and re-elected in 1852.
He was a representative from Missouri
in the thirty-third congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-fourth congress.
LINDSAY, JOHN SUMMERFIELD,
clergyman, author, was born March 19,
1842. in Williamsburg, Va. From 1883
till 1885 he was chaplain of the United
States house of representatives. He is the
author of A Sketch of Hamilton Parish,
Va.; and A Sketch of St. John's Church,
Georgetown.
LINDSAY, JOHN THOMAS, lawyer, au
thor, poet, was born Jan. 8, 1818, in Mc-
Connellsburg, Pa. For forty-five years the
subject of this sketch
practiced law in Pe-
oria, III. During that
time, in connection
with R. G. Ingersoll,
he built the west end
of Peoria and Terre
Haute railroad. He
was appointed on the
McClelland and Sey
mour tickets as pres
idential elector, and
in the contest be
tween Douglas and
Lincoln was on the representative ticket
for Douglas. He went to Nebraska with
his three sons, and started a cattle
and sheep ranch in Knox county, naming
the place Peoria. He is the author of three
no\els; and numerous poems.
588
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LINDSAY, ROBERT B., governor. He
was governor of Alabama from 1871 to
1872.
LINDSAY, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, United States senator,
was born Sept. 4, 1835, in Rockbridge
county, Va. He served in the confederate
army continuously from 1861 till 1865; and
was paroled as prisoner of war at Colum
bus, Miss., in 1865. He resumed the prac
tice of law in Hickman county, Ky. ; and
was elected state senator for the Hickman
•district in 1867. He was elected judge of
the Kentucky court of appeals in 1870, and
served till 1878. From 1876 until 1878 he
was chief justice of the court; and has
practiced law in Frankfort since 1878. He
was elected state senator for the Frank
fort district in 1889; and was appointed
and served as a member of the World's
-Columbian commission for the country at
large from the organization of the com
mission until 1893. He was appointed and
confirmed a member of the Interstate
Commerce commission in 1892, but de
clined to accept the appointment. He was
elected United States senator on Feb. 14.
1893, to fill the vacancy caused by the
resignation of John G. Carlisle; and was
re-elected in January, 1894, for the full
term commencing March 4, 1895. His term
of service will expire March 3, 1901.
LINDSEY. DANIEL WEISIGER. sol
dier, lawyer, was born Oct. 4, 1835, in
Frankfort, Ky. In 1863 he was appointed
adjutant-general of Kentucky, and served
till the close of the term in 1867.
LINDSEY, REMEMBRANCE HUGHES,
soldier, educator, lawyer, was born April
14, 1845, in Jefferson, Pa. He received
his education at the Waynesburg college;
attended West Point Military academy,
and became a lieutenant in the third reg
iment United States artillery. He is one
of the foremost lawyers of Pennsylvania
at Uniontown; has been district attorney;
and in active practice for over a quarter
of a century.
LINDSEY, STEPHEN D., lawyer, legis
lator, state senator, congressman, was
born March 3, 1828, in Norridgewock,
Maine. He was a representative in the
Maine state legislature in 1856. He was a
state senator from 1868 to 1870, and presi
dent of the senate in 1869; and a member
of the executive council in 1874. He was
elected a representative from Maine to
the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, and forty-sev
enth congresses as a republican. He died
April 30, 1884.
LINDSEY, WILLIAM, author, poet, was
born in 1858. in Boston, Mass. He is a
Boston writer; and the author of Apples
of Istakhar, a volume of poems; and Cin-
der-Path Tales.
LINDSLEY, DAVID PHILIP, clergy
man, author, was born March 22, 1834, in
Downsville, Del. For many years he was
a teacher of sciences, and for fifteen years
a successful clergyman. He was the au
thor of a shorthand system known as
Lindsley's Takigrafy. He died in March,
1897, in Springfield, Conn.
LINDSLEY, JAMES GIRARD, congress
man, was born March 19, 1819, in Orange,
N. J. In 1872 he was elected the first
mayor of Kingston, N. Y., and was re-
«lected for six consecutive years. He be
came president of the Kingston City Rail
road company; president of the Kingston
Water Works company, and president of
the Albert Manufacturing company of
New Brunswick, B. A.; and in 1884 was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-ninth congress as a republi
can.
LINDSLEY, JOHN BERRIEN, soldier,
physician, clergyman, educator, historian,
author, was born Oct. 24, 1822, in Prince
ton, N. J. He at
tended the university
of Nashville ( o f
which his eminent
father was presi
dent), from which
institution he r e -
ceived the degrees of
A. B., M. A.; and re
ceived his degree of
medicine from the
university of Penn
sylvania. He then
studied natural sci
ence for five years; and subsequently
traveled extensively in Europe and Ameri
ca. In 1850 he commenced teaching medi
cine in Nashville, Tenn., where his life
has been passed as educator and practical
sanitarian. He served with distinction in
the confederate army, and had charge of
the numerous confederate hospitals in
Nashville. For twenty-three years he was
professor of chemistry and pharmacy in
the medical department of the university
of Nashville, of which institution he was
dean of the faculty and one of its found
ers. This institution is now affiliated
with the Vanderbilt university, of which
he was chancellor. He is now professor
of the State Medical university of Tennes
see; was four years health officer of Nash
ville; and for the past fourteen years
has been state health officer of Tennessee.
He is the author of Military Annals of
Tennessee; and other works.
LINDSLEY, NATHANIEL L A W -
RENCE, educator, was born Sept. 11, 1816,
in Princeton, N. J. For many years he
was professor of languages in Cumberland
university, and subsequently founded
Greenwood seminary. He was associated
with Dr. Joseph E. Worcester in the prep
aration of the dictionary that bears his
name, and had projected a great work to
be entitled An Encyclo-Lexicon of the
English Language. He died Oct. 10, 1868,
in Lebanon, Tenn.
LINDLSEY, PHILIP, educator, clergy
man, college president, was born Dec. 21,
1786, in Morristown, N. J. He was presi
dent of the university of Nashville during
1824-50. His works were published in
three volumes. He died May 25, 1855, in
Nashville, Tenn.
LINDSLEY, WILLIAM D., congress
man, was born in Connecticut. He was
elected a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1853 to 1855.
LINEN, JAMES, poet, was born in 1808,
in Scotland. He was a book-binder of
New York city; and the author of Songs
of the Seasons; and Poetical and Prose
Writings. He died Nov. 20, 1873, in New
York city.
LINING, JOHN, physician, scientist, au
thor, was born in 1708, in Scotland. He
was a physician and scientist of Charles
ton who published in 1753 a History of
Yellow Fever, the earliest American trea
tise on the subject. He died in 1760, in
Charleston, S. C.
LINK, JESSE, lawyer, was born April
12, 1828, in Tobinsport, Ind. In 1865 he
was admitted to the bar, and has ever
since been actively engaged in that pro
fession. He has also been successful in
general business at Booneville, Ind.; and
has always taken an active part in the
public affairs of his county and state.
LINK, JOHN EPHRAIM, M. D., educa
tor, physician, was born Aug. 14, 1839, in
New Albany, Ind. In 1874 he was ap
pointed professor of anatomy in the col-
• lege of Physicians and Surgeons at In
dianapolis, Ind.
LINN, ARCHIBALD LAIDLIE, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 15, 1802, in
New York city. He was twice elected
mayor of Schenectady, N. Y.; and was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1841 to 1843. In 1844 he was elected
to the state assembly. He died Oct. 10,
1857, in Grassfield, N. Y.
LINN, JAMES, congressman, was born
in 1750, in New Jersey. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New Jersey
from 1799 to 1801, when he was appointed
supervisor of the revenue. For many
years he also held the office of secretary
of state of New Jersey. He died Dec. 29,
1820, in Trenton, N. J.
LINN, JAMES MERRILL, soldier, law
yer, was born Oct. 17, 1833, in Lewisburg,
Pa. In 1854 he was admitted to the bar;
and was actively en
gaged in his profes
sion until his death.
During the civil war
he bore a commis
sion as second lieu
tenant in the fourth
Pennsylvania regi
ment; was commis
sioned captain in the
fifty-first regiment;
and subsequently
served on the staffs
of various generals.
In 1871 he received a commission as judge
advocate with the rank of major in the
eighth dh ision of the Pennsylvania na
tional guard. He died Feb. 23, 1897, in
Lewisburg, Pa.
LINN, JOHN, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in New Jersey. He
was for many years a member of the New
Jersey assembly; and was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1817
to 1821. He died Jan. 6, 1821.
LINN, JOHN BLAIR, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born March 14, 1777, in
Shippensburg, Pa. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Philadelphia; and the au
thor of The Power of Genius, a Poem;
Valerian, a Poem; The Gallic Orphan, a
drama; and Miscellanea. He died in 1804.
LINN, JOHN BLAIR, lawyer, author,
was born Oct. 15, 1831, in Lewisburg, Pa.
He is a Pennsylvania lawyer; and the
author of Annals of Buffalo Valley; Penn
sylvania Archives; and History of Centre
and Clinton Counties.
LINN, LEWIS FIELDS, legislator,
United States senator, was born Nov. 5,
1796, in Louisville, Ky. He studied medi
cine in 1809; removed
to Missouri; and in
1814 helped to fight
the battles of his
country, after suc
cessfully practicing
his profession. He
was elected to the
Missouri state legis
lature in 1827. In
1833 he was elected a
senator in congress,
in which capacity he
served until his
death. He died Oct. 3, 1843, in St. Gene-
vieve, Mo.
LINN, ROBERT GEORGE, lawyer, was
born April 6, 1849, in Glennville, W. Va.
In 1870 he was admitted to the bar, after
having attended the Cincinnati Law
school. He was prosecuting attorney for
Gilmore county for two years; and for
twelve years was prosecuting attorney for
Calhoun county. He has attained success
as an able lawyer in his native city; and
takes an active part in the public affairs
of his county and state.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
589
LINN, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 27, 1752, in Shippensburg,
Pa. He was a presbyterian clergyman of
Philadelphia; famous in his day as a
preacher; and the author of Discourses
on Leading Personages of Scripture His
tory; and Signs of the Times. His ser
mon on the death of Washington was
formerly much quoted. He died in Jan
uary, 1808, in Albany, N. Y.
LINN, WILLIAM, lawyer, author, was
born Aug. 31, 1790, in New York city.
He was a lawyer of Ithaca; and the au
thor of Life of Thomas Jefferson; The
Roorback Papers; and Legal and Com
mercial Commonplace Book. He died Jan.
14, 1867, in Ithaca, N. Y.
LINNEY, ROMULUS Z., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Dec.
26, 1841, in Rutherford county, N. C. He
served in the confed
erate army as a pri
vate soldier until the
battle of Chancel-
lorsville, where he
was severely wound
ed. Having been dis
charged from the
army because of his
wound, he returned
to Taylorsville.N.C.,
where he has attain
ed eminence at the
bar. He was elected
to the state senate in 1870, 1873, and again
in 1882; and was elected to the fifty-
fourth, and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
LINSLEY, JAMES HARVEY, natural
ist, author, was born May 5, 1787, in
Northford, Conn. He prepared a series of
papers on the zoology of Connecticut for
the Yale Natural History society that
were published under the title of Cata
logue of the Mammalia of Connecticut in
the American Journal of Science and Arts,
and also contributed to that magazine
Catalogues of the Birds, Fishes and Rep
tiles of Connecticut, with Notes. He died
Dec. 26, 1843, in Stratford, Conn.
LINSLEY, JOEL HERVEY, lawyer,
clergyman, college president, was born
July 16, 1790, in Cornwall, Vt. In 1835-45
he was president of Marietta college, rais
ing a large endowment for that institu
tion. He died March 22, 1868, in Green
wich, Conn.
LINTNER, JOSEPH ALBERT, ento
mologist, was born Feb. 8, 1822, in Scho-
harie, N. Y. In 1867 he became the
zoological assistant in the New York State
Museum of Natural History in Albany.
LINTON, IRWIN BREECE, lawyer,
public official, was born Sept. 4, 1852, in
Norristown, Pa. He received his educa
tion in the public schools of Washington,
D. C., and graduated from the law school
of the Columbian university. He is a suc
cessful lawyer of Washington, D. C.; was
clerk of the congressional committee
which impeached Hon. W. W. Belknap,
secretary of war; and was also clerk of
the Potter congressional committee,
which investigated the alleged Hayes-
Tilden election frauds of 1876. For many
years he served as secretary of Justice
Field of the United States supreme court.
LINTON, WILLIAM JAMES, engraver,
author, poet, was born in 1812, in London,
England. He is an English engraver and
poet who came to the United States in
1867 and settled in New Haven. Besides
ably editing several poetical anthologies,
he is the author of Claribel, and Other
Poems; Life of Thomas Paine; a valuable
History of Wood Engraving in America;
The English Republic; The Flower and
the Star, and Other Stories; Practical
Hints on Wood Engraving; Wood Engrav
ing, a Manual of Instruction; Poems and
Translations; Three Score and Ten
Years; and Life of Whittier.
LINTON, WILLIAM SEELYE, manufac
turer, congressman, was born Feb. 4, 1856,
in St. Clair, Mich. In 1883 he was elected a
member of the East
Saginaw common
council, serving two
terms, at the end of
which was elected a
*^ representative to the
Michigan legislature
of 1887-88. He was
for three years presi
dent of the People's
Building and Loan
association of Sagi-
naw county, the
strongest financially
and in membership of any in the state.
In 1890 he was the candidate for lieuten
ant-governor on the republican state
ticket. He has been president of the Sag
inaw water board; was mayor of the city
of Saginaw for two years, 1892-94; and
was elected to the fifty-third, and re-
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
LIPPARD, GEORGE, author, was born
April 10, 1822, near Yellow Springs, Pa.
He was a sensational romancer of Phila
delphia, among whose now nearly forgot
ten tales are, Blanche of Brandywine;
Legends of Mexico; and The Ladye An
nabel. He died Feb. 9, 1854, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
LIPPE, ADALBERT YONDER, clergy
man, theologian, was born March 17, 1827,
in Germany. He descended from the Ger
man nobility. In 1854 he moved to Amer
ica; in 1858 he graduated from the Dan
ville Presbyterian Theological seminary,
and did missionary work among the Ger
mans in Gasconade county, Mo. For twen
ty-eight years he filled a pastorate in the
German presbyterian church of St. Louis;
then filled the chair of theology and lan
guages in the Presbyterian seminary of
Dubuque, Iowa, where he died July 9, 1894.
LIPPINCOTT, MRS. ESTHER J.
[TRIMBLE], educator, author, was born
in 1838, in Pennsylvania. She was an edu
cator of Pennsylvania, professor of litera
ture in the Westchester Normal school;
and the author of Handbook, of English
and American Literature; and Short
Course in Literature. She died in 1888.
LIPPINCOTT, JAMES STARR, agri
culturist, author, was born April 12, 1819.
in Philadelphia. He patented a vapor
index for measuring the amount of moist
ure in the atmosphere, which has been
used in the Smithsonian institution and
elsewhere. He was the author of six
treatises, published in the Reports of the
Agricultural Department. He died March
17, 1885, in Haddonfield, N. J.
LIPPINCOTT, OLIVER W., educator,
clergyman, was born June 10, 1856, in Lee
county, Iowa. He graduated from the
Dexter Normal college, and received the
degrees of B. Sc., and bachelor of didac
tics. For many years he taught in the
public schools of Iowa, and in a govern
ment Indian school in Nebraska. During
the past ten years he has filled five pas
torates in the Des Moines conference of
the methodist episcopal church.
LIPPINCOTT, MRS. SARA JANE
[CLARKE] — Grace Greenwood — author,
was born Sept. 23, 1823, in Pompey,
N. Y. She is a popular litterateur
of Philadelphia who has written much
in the line of newspaper correspond
ence, but whose early fame was gained
as a writer for young people. She
is the author of Greenwood Leaves; Re
cords of Five Years; Poems; Life of
Queen Victoria; New Life in New Lands;
Recollections of My Childhood; and Mer-
rie England.
LIPPINCOTT, WILLIAM HENRY, art
ist, was born Dec. 5, 1849, in Philadelphia.
He exhibited Lolette and two portraits at
the Paris salon of 1878, and The Duck's
Breast at the centennial exhibition in
Philadelphia in 1876. His other works in
clude The Little Prince; various portraits;
Infantry in Arms; and numerous etch
ings.
LIPPITT, CHARLES WARREN, gov
ernor, was born Oct. 8, 1846, in Provi
dence, R. I. In 1875-76 he also served a&
colonel and chief of the personal staff,
during the term of Henry Lippitt, his
father, as governor of Rhode Island. In
1881-82 he was president of the Providence
board of trade. Since 1891 he has been
president of the Social Manufacturing
company; and since 1896 president of the
Rhode Island National bank of Provi
dence. In 1895 he was elected governor of
Rhode Island.
LIPPITT, CHRISTOPHER, soldier, was
born in 1744, in Cranston, R. I. In 177&
he was commissioned colonel in the con
tinental army; and was made brigadier-
general of the Rhode Island militia. He
died June 18, 1824, in Cranston, R. I.
LIPPITT, FRANCIS JAMES, soldier,
author, was born in 1812, in Rhode Island.
'He is a soldier who served in the federal
army during the civil war, and was bre-
vetted brigadier-general of volunteers. He
is the author of A Treatise on the Tactical
Use of the Three Arms; Treatise on En
trenchments; Special Operations of War;
Field Service in War; Massachusetts
Criminal Law; and Physical Proofs of
Another Life.
LIPPITT, HENRY, manufacturer, gov
ernor, was born Oct. 9, 1818, in Provi
dence, R. I. He is now head of the firm of
Henry Lippitt and Co., and the Lippitt
Woolen Co., in Providence, R. I. He is
also president of the Rhode Island Na
tional bank. In 1875-76 he served as gov
ernor of Rhode Island.
LIPPMANN, JULIE MATHILDE, au
thor, poet, was born in 1864, on Long Is
land. She is a writer of Brooklyn; and
the author of Through Slumbertown and
Wakeland, a book for juvenile readers.
LIPSCOMB, ABNER SMITH, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, was born
Feb. 10, 1789, near Abbeville, S. C. For
several years he was a member of the
Alabama legislature; became judge of the
supreme court in 1819, and in 1823-35 was
chief justice of Alabama. He died Dec. 3,
1857, near Austin, Tex.
LIPSCOMB. ANDREW ADGATE, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Sept.
8, 1816, in Georgetown, D. C. He was a
methodist clergyman and educator of
Tennessee, who was professor in Vander-
bilt university. He was the author of
Studies in the Forty Days; Supplementary
Studies; Our Country; and Christian He
roism. He died Nov. 24, 1890, in Athens,
Ga.
LIPSCOMB, LAWRENCE YANCEY,
lawyer, legislator, was born March 16,
1855, in Sumter county, Ala. He is a de
scendant of the Virginia branch of the
Lipscomb family, and received his educa
tion at the Cooper institute of Mississippi.
He has attained success in the profession
of law in his native state at Bessemer,
and has served with distinction as a mem
ber of the legislature of Alabama for two
terms.
590
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF" AMERICAN BIOC KAI'I I Y.
LISPENARD. LEONARD, congressman,
was born in 1716, in New York city. He
was a delegate from New York to the co
lonial congress, which met in New York
city in 1765. He died Feb. 15, 1790, in
New York city.
LISTER, EDWIN, manufacturer, state
legislator, was born Sept. 10, 1829, in New
ark, N. J. He has been president since
1887, and is now principal owner of the
Lister Agricultural Chemical works. He
has served as alderman in Newark three
times, in 1872-76 and in 1882-84; and a
member of the assembly in 1886.
LITCHFIELD, ELISHA, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
1795, in Canterbury, Conn. He served five
years in the New York legislature from
Onondaga county; and in 1848 was speak
er. He was many years a justice of the
peace at Delphi. N. Y.; and was a repre
sentative in congress from New York from
1821 to 1823, and again from 1823 to 1825.
He died Aug. 4, 1859, in Cazenovia, N. Y.
LITCHFIELD, GRACE DENIO, novel
ist, poet, was born Nov. 19, 1849, in New
York city. For many years she has writ
ten both prose and verse for the leading
newspapers and magazines in America;
and her poems have been given a place in
several standard works. She is also the
author of several novels, the most notable
of which are The Knight of the Black
Forest; Only an Incident; Criss-Cross;
A Hard Won Victory; Little He and She;
and a volume of short stories under the
title of Little Venice.
LITTAUER, LUCIUS NATHAN, manu-'
facturer. congressman, was born Jan. 20,
1859, in Gloversville, N. Y. He was en
gaged in the glove-manufacturing busi
ness of his father at Gloversville, N. Y., to
which he succeeded in 1882; and is at
present engaged extensively therein. He
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
republican.
LITTELL, ELIAKIM. journalist, was
born Jan. 2, 1797, in Burlington, N. J. He
removed to Philadelphia in 1819, and es
tablished a weekly literary paper entitled
the National Recorder, whose name he
changed in 1821 to the Saturday Magazine.
He died May 17, 1870, in Brookline. Mass.
LITTELL. JOHN STOCKTON, author,
was born in 1806, in Burlington, N. J. He
edited with biographical and historical
notes Alexander Graydon's Memoirs of my
own Times; and published a sketch of the
Life, Character and Services of Henry
Clay. He died July 11, 1875, in Phila
delphia.
LITTELL, SQUIER, physician, author,
was born Dec. 9, 1803, in Burlington, N. J.
He was a Philadelphia physician; and the
author ol Manual of Diseases of the Eye;
and Illustrations of the Prayer Book. He
died July 4, 1886, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LITTELL. WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born about 1780, in New Jersey. He
was a lawyer of Frankfort, Ky.; and the
author of Statute Law of Kentucky;
Selected Cases; and Festoons of Fancy.
He died in 1825, in Frankfort, Ky.
LITTLE. CYRUS HARVEY, lawyer,
legislator, was born Aug. 14, 1859, in Sut-
ton, N. H. He entered into the active
practice of law in Manchester, N. H. In
1896 he was elected a member of the New
Hampshire house of representatives.
LITTLE, EDWARD P., state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1788, in Massa
chusetts. He was a state representative
from 1829 to 1834, and from 1835 to 1838.
He was a representative in congress from
1852 to 1853; and was collector of Ply
mouth from 1858 to 1857.
LITTLE. GEORGE, naval officer, au
thor, was born April 10. 1754, in Marsh-
field, Mass. He was a United States naval
officer who published The American
Cruiser; and Life on the Ocean. He died
July 22. 1809, in Weymouth, Mass.
LITTLE, GEORGE THOMAS, educator,
author, was born May 14, 1857. .in Au
burn. In 1881 he was elected a member
of the Maine Historical society, and in
1882 he published a genealogy of the Lit
tle family, an octavo volume of over six
hundred pages.
LITTLE, JAMES LAURENCE, physi
cian, surgeon, lecturer, was born Feb. 19,
1836, in Brooklyn. N. Y. In 1863 he was
appointed clinical assistant to Dr. Wil-
lard Parker in the college of Physicians
and Surgeons, and the following spring
he began the delivering of a series of lec
tures, the first being on Fractures and
their Treatment. He died April 4, 1885, in
New York city.
LITTLE, JOHN, lawyer, state legisla
tor, congressman, was born in 1837, in
Greene county, Ohio. In 1866 he was
elected prosecuting attorney of his county,
and was re-elected in 1868. In 1869 he
was elected a representative in the state
legislature, and resigned as prosecuting
attorney. He was re-elected in 1871 ; and
in 1873 was elected attorney-general of
Ohio, and was re-elected in 1875. In 1884
he was elected a representathe from
Ohio to the forty-ninth congress as a re
publican.
LITTLE, JOHN S.. lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born March
15, 1853, in Jenny Lind, Ark. He was
elected a representative to the Arkansas
legislature in 1884; and in 1886 was
elected circuit judge for a term of four
years. In 1893 he was chosen as chair
man of the state judicial convention; and
in 1894 was elected, without opposition,
as a democrat to fill the unexpired term
of C. R. Breckinridge in the fifty-third
congress. He was elected to the fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a dem
ocrat.
LITTLE, JOSEPH J., soldier, journalist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
June 5, 1841, in England. He served in the
union army in 1862, in 1863 and 1864 as
corporal, first sergeant and first lieuten
ant. He was a member of the board of
education and chairman of committee on
buildings at the time of his election to
congress; and was an active member of
the New York World's Fair committee.
He was named as one of the incorporators
in the World's Fair bill passed by the
New York legislature, as also in the con
gressional bill introduced on behalf of
New York. He was elected to the fifty-
second congress as a democrat to fill a va
cancy.
LITTLE, JOSIAH STOVER, lawyer,
legislator, railroad president, was born in
1801. in Minot. For four years he prac
ticed law in Portland,
Maine. He repeated
ly represented Port
land in the Maine
state legislature, and
was twice speaker of
the house. He has
aleo several times
been a candidate for
congress. He was
associated with
Judge Preble in or
ganizing a railroad
between Portland
and Montreal; and in 1848 succeeded
Judge Preble as president of the company,
which position he held for seven years.
LITTLE, LEWIS HENRY, soldier, was
born in 1818, in Baltimore. Md. In 1861
he entered the confederate army; and was
appointed adjutant-general of the forces in
Missouri on the staff of General Sterling
Price. 'and for his bravery at the battle of
Elk Horn was promoted brigadier-gen
eral. He died Sept. 19, 1862, in luka.
LITTLE, PETER, soldier, congress
man, was born about 1775, in Petersburg,
Pa. He removed to Maryland, and was
elected a representathe in congress from
that state from 1811 to 1813. In the latter
year he was appointed colonel of infantry;
and was again a representative in con
gress from 1816 to 1829. He died Jan. 5,
1830. in Baltimore, Md.
LITTLE, ROBBINS. educator, lawyer,
was born Feb. 15, 1832, in Newport, R. I.
In 1873 he became an examiner of claims
in the war department at Washington,
remaining in that office until 1878, when
he was elected superintendent and lafcer
a trustee of the Astor library in New York
city.
LITTLE, MRS. SOPHIA LOUISE [ROB-
BINS], poet, was born Aug. 22, 1799, in
Newport, R. I. She is a poet of Newport.
R. I.; and the author of The Last Days of
Jesus, and Other Poems.
LITTLE, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, state
legislator, was born Nov. 6, 1838, in Talbot
county, Ga. In 1882 he was a state rep
resentative from Georgia; in 1884 was
elected speaker of the house, and was re-
elected in 1886.
LITTLEFIELD, ALFRED H., manufac
turer, state senator, governor, was born
April 2, 1829, in Scituate, R. I. He served
two years as a representative in the state
legislature; and two years as a state sen
ator. He was governor of Rhode Island
from 1880 to 1883.
LITTLEFIELD. NATHANIEL S., law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
Sept. 20, 1804, in Wells, Maine. He was
a member of the Maine senate in 1837-39;
and president of the same a part of the
time. He was a representative from Maine
to the twenty-seventh and thirty-first con
gresses; and was a member of the Maine
house of representatives in 1854.
LITTLEJOHN, ABRAM NEWKIRK,
bishop, author, was born Dec. 13, 1824, in
Florida, N. Y. He is the first protestant
episcopal bishop of Long Island; and the
author of Conciones ad Clenem; Indi
vidualism; The Christian Ministry; and
The Philosophy of Religion.
LITTLEJOHN. DE WITT CLINTON,
merchant, manufacturer, state legislator,
congressman, was born Feb. 7, 1818, in
Bridgewater, N. Y. He was seven times
elected to the assembly of New York, pre
siding as speaker during five terms. In
1862 he was elected a representative from
New York to the thirty-eighth congress.
After retiring from congress he was again
elected to the state legislature.
I.1TTLEJOHN, JOHN MARTIN, educa
tor, college president, was born Feb. 15.
1867, in Glasgow, Scotland. He entered
the Glasgow university, where he secured
a prize for excellence in mental philoso
phy. In 1886 he was ordained as a min
ister, and in 1892 became university fel
low in the Columbian university. In the
summer of 1893 he visited the libraries
of England and the continent for the
purpose of investigating medieval litera
ture; and in 1894 was elected to the pres
idency of Amity college, Iowa, where he
has since labored with much zeal and
success. During 1892-96 he was depart
ment editor of the Christian Nation of
New York city; and is the author of nu
merous educational and scientific works.
IIKIiKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
591
LIVERMORE. ABIEL ABBOT, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
•Oct. 30, 1811, in Wilton, N. H. He was a
Unitarian clergyman who was president of
the Theological seminary at Meadville,
Pa., from 1863 until his death. He was
the author of Lectures to Young Men;
Discourses; Commentaries on the Gospels,
Acts, Romans, Corinthians to Philemon,
Hebrews to Revelations; The Marriage
Offering; and History of Wilton, New
Hampshire. He died in 1892.
LIVERMORE, ARTHUR, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born July 26, 1776, in
Londonderry, N. H. He was a judge of
the supreme court of New Hampshire
from 1799 to 1816; a presidential elector
in 1801; and from 1825 to 1833 judge of
the common pleas. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1817 to 1821, and
from 1823 to 1825. He died July 1, 1853,
in Campton, N. H.
LIVERMORE, EDWARD ST. LOE, law
yer, congressman, was born April 5, 1762,
in Portsmouth, N. H. He was United
States circuit attorney, and judge of the
state superior court from 1797 to 1799.
He was a representative in congress from
1807 to 1812. He removed to Boston, Mass.,
in 1813. He died Sept. 22, 1832, in Lowell,
Mass.
LIVERMORE, GEORGE, antiquarian,
was born July 10, 1809, in Cambridge,
Mass. He wrote for the newspapers and
reviews on subjects of a bibliographical
or historical character, his articles dis
playing extensive research. Among them
may be mentioned one on the New Eng
land Primer, in the Cambridge Chronicle
(1849), and another on Public Libraries
in the North American Review. He died
Aug. 30, 1865, in Cambridge, Mass.
LIVERMORE, MRS. MARY ASHTON
[RICE], lecturer, author, was born Dec.
19, 1821, in Boston, Mass. She is a noted
lecturer upon temperance and woman-suf
frage whose home is in Melrose, Mass.
:She is the author of Superfluous Women,
and Other Lectures; Pen Pictures; Thirty
Years Too Late: a Temperance Tale;
What Shall we Do with Our Daughters?;
•and My Story of the War.
LIVERMORE, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born May 14,
1732, in Waltham, Mass. He was judge
'advocate of the admiralty before the revo
lution; and subsequently judge of the su
perior court of New Hampshire. He was
a senator in congress from 1793 to 1801,
when he resigned; and was president pro
tempore of that body during two sessions.
He died May 18, 1803, in Holderness, N. H.
LIVERMORE, SAMUEL, lawyer, au
thor, was born about 1786. He is a lawyer
of New Orleans; and the author of Trea
tise on Law of Principal and Agent and
Sales by Auction; and Contrariety of
Laws of Different States and Nations. He
•died in 1833, in New Orleans, La.
LIVINGSTON, AMBROSE HAYDON.
lawyer, legislator, was born Dec. 24, 1850,
in Albany, Ky. He has been circuit at
torney, prosecuting Attorney; has at
tained success as a criminal lawyer and
statesman; and has a lucrative practice
at West Plains, Mo. He served with dis
tinction as a member of the Missouri
state legislature; was a delegate to the
•democratic national convention in 1884;
and the P. "P. national convention of 1896.
LIVINGSTON, BROCKHOLST, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Nov. 26, 1757, in
New York city. In 1802 he became judge
of the supreme court of New York; and
in 1806 was appointed a justice of the
supreme court of the United States. He
-died March 19, 1823. in Washington, D. C.
LIVINGSTON, CHARLES ONDIS, man
ufacturer, was born Dec. 10, 1841, in Con-
toonville, N. H. He was the first man
to bring an ice machine to Florida and
produce ice by steam power.
LIVINGSTON, EDWARD, lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, author, was born May
26, 1764, in Clermont, N. Y. He was a
representative t o
congress from New
York city in 1795-
1802; and was then
appointed United
States attorney for
the district of New
York, and was also
mayor of the city.
He was elected a rep
resentative in con
gress from Louisiana
from 1823 to 1829;
was a senator of the
United States from 1829 to 1831, when he
was appointed secretary of state. In 1833
he was made minister to France. His
Penal Code is considered a monument of
his profound learning; and he also wrote
Criminal Jurisprudence, and other works.
He died May 23, 1836, in Rhinebeck, N. X.
LIVINGSTON, HENRY BEEKMAN.
soldier, was born Nov. 9, 1750, in Cler
mont, N. Y. For his services in the cap
ture of Chambly in 1775 he was voted
a sword of honor by congress in December
of that year. He died Nov. 5, 1831, in
Rhinebeck, N. Y.
LIVINGSTON, HENRY WALTER, con
gressman, was born in 1768, in Livingston
Manor, N. Y. In 1792 he was secretary to
Mr. Morris, ambassador to France; and
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1803 to 1807. He died
Dec. 22, 1810, in Livingston Manor, N. Y.
LIVINGSTON, JOHN HENRY, clergy
man, was born May 30, 1746, in Pough-
keepsie, N. Y. He came to New York in
September, 1770, and at once entered on
the active duties of his pastorate, having
the North Dutch church at the corner of
Fulton and William streets under his
charge. He continued in this office until
1810. He died Jan. 20, 1825, in New Bruns
wick, N. J.
LIVINGSTON. JOHN WILLIAM, naval
officer, was born May 22, 1804, in New
York city. In 1824 he was appointed mid
shipman in the United States navy from
New York, and served in the Mediter
ranean squadron during the war with the
pirates. In 1862 he was made commo
dore; and in 1868 he was commissioned
rear-admiral; and in 1874 placed on the
retired list. He died Sept. 10, 1885, in New
York city.
LIVINGSTON, LEONIDAS F., soldier,
farmer, state senator, congressman, was
born April 3, 1832, in Newton county, Ga.
He was a private sol
dier in the confeder
ate army from 1861
/ ^ to 1865. He was for
^^^^ A two terms a member
^ of the house of rep-
< .* resentatives; and one
^•^ •, 'i term a member of
p the state senate. He
<fc— • ^K I was cnairman of the
—^ .^^fSt committee on agri
culture in both the
house and senate. He
was vice-president of
the Georgia State Agricultural society for
eleven years and president of the same for
four years; and was president of the
Georgia alliance for three years. He was
elected to the fifty-second, fifty-third, fif
ty-fourth, and fifty-fifth congresses as a
democrat.
LIVINGSTON, MRS. MARGARET
VERE [FARRINGTON], author, was
born in 1863, in Maine. She is the author
of Tales of King Arthur and His Knights;
and Fra Lippo Lippi, a Romance of Flor
ence.
LIVINGSTON, PETER VAN BRUGH,
merchant, congressman, was born in Oct
ober, 1710, in Albany, N. Y. He was a dele
gate to the first and second provincial con
gresses of New York' in 1775-76, being
president of the first congress. In 1776
he was made treasurer of the congress,
and held that office for two years, also
participating in all of the pre-revolution-
ary measures. He died Dec. 28, 1792, in
Elizabethtown, N. J.
LIVINGSTON, PHILIP, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born
Jan. 15, 1716, in Albany, N. Y. He was
a successful merchant of New York city;
and was an alderman for four years. He
sen ed several years in the state legisla
ture. He was a delegate to congress from
1774 to 1778; and was a signer of the
declaration of independence. He subse
quently served in the senate of New York.
He died June 12, 1778, in York, Pa.
LIVINGSTON, ROBERT LE ROY, sol
dier, congressman. He was a represen
tative in congress from the sixth con
gressional district of New York from 1809
to 1813, but resigned in 1812. He was then
appointed lieutenant-colonel of infantry.
LIVINGSTON, ROBERT R., lawyer, ju
rist, diplomat, congressman, author, was
born Nov. 27, 1747. In 1775 he was elected
to the assembly from
Dutchess county, N.
Y.; the same year he
was sent as a dele
gate to the continen
tal congress, serving
until 1777; and was
a member of the
committee for
draughting the dec
laration of independ
ence. He was also a
delegate from 1779 to
1781, and in the lat
ter year was appointed secretary for for
eign affairs. He was appointed chancel
lor of New York under the new constitu
tion, and filled that office until 1801. In
1801 he accepted the appointment of min
ister to France. He introduced merino
sheep and gypsum into New York. He
published an oration delivered before the
Cincinnati society in 1787, and Essays on
Agriculture; and Essays on Sheep. He
died Feb. 26, 1813, in Clermont, N. Y.
LIVINGSTON, WALTER, congressman.
He was a delegate from New York to the
continental congress in 1784 and 1785.
He died May 14, 1797, in New York city.
LIVINGSTON, WILLIAM, congressman,
governor, author, was born Nov. 30, 1723.
in Albany, N. Y. In 1758 he was elected
a member of the assembly. He purchased
a tract of land in Elizabethtown, N. J.;
built a house called Liberty Hall, and re
moved there in 1773, where he resided
during the remainder of his life. He was
elected a delegate to the continental con
gress in 1774; re-elected in 1775; and was
recalled June 5 to command, as brigadier-
general, the state militia. He succeeded
William Franklin (deposed) as governor
in 1776, and held the office until his death.
In 1787 he was a delegate to the constitu
tional convention. He was the author of
a poem called Philosophical Solitude; and
also Review of the Military Operations in
North America; and Digest of the Laws
of New York. He died July 25, 1780, in
Elizabeth, N. J.
592
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA CF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LLOYD, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1656, in Wales. In 1689 he was
clerk of the Pennsylvania assembly; and
in 1693-94 he was returned as a member
of that body. In 1703 he accepted the
office of deputy judge and advocate to the
admiralty. He died in 1731, in Pennsyl
vania.
LLOYD, DAVID DEMAREST. journal
ist, playwright, was born in 1851, in New
York. He was a journalist and playwright
of New York city. His plays include, For
Congress; The Woman Hater; The Dom
inie's Daughter; and The Senator. He
died in 1889.
LLOYD, EDWARD, state senator, con
gressman, governor, United States sena
tor. He was a delegate to the continental
congress in 1783 and 1784; a member of
congress from 1806 to 1809; and governor
of Maryland from 1809 to 1811. He was
a United States senator from Maryland
from 1819 to 1826, when he resigned. He
died June 2, 1834, in Annapolis, Md.
LLOYD, HENRY, state senator, gov
ernor, was born Feb. 21, 1852, in Ham-
brooke, Md. He was auditor of the cir
cuit court for Dorchester county, Md.,
from 1874 to 1884, and a portion of that
time was also clerk and treasurer to the
commissioners of the town of Cambridge.
In 1881 he was elected a state senator;
and in 1884 was elected president of the
state senate. In 1885 he became governor
of Maryland, ex-offlcio; and in 1886 he
was elected governor of the state for the
unexpired term ending in 1888.
LLOYD, HENRY DEMAREST, author,
was born in 1847, in New York. He is a
writer of Winnetka, 111., but formerly a
journalist of Chicago; and the author of
A Strike of Millionaires against Miners,
or the Story of Spring Valley; and Wealth
Against Commonwealth.
LLOYD, JAMES, United States senator,
was born' in 1769, in Boston, Mass. He
was a senator in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1808 to 1813, when he re
signed; and again from 1822 to 1826. He
died April 5, 1831, in New York city.
LLOYD, JAMES, United States senator.
He was a senator in congress from Mary
land from 1797 to 1800, when he resigned.
LLOYD, JAMES T., lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 27, 1857, in Canton,
Mo. Since 1885 he has practiced law in
Shelbyville, Mo. He was prosecuting at
torney of his county from 1889 to 1893,
until his election to congress. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat at a special election held in
1897, to fill a vacancy.
LLOYD, JOHN URI, chemist, was born
April 19, 1849, in West Bloomfield, N. Y.
He is a distinguished chemist, and for
many years filled the chair of chemistry
in various pharmacies of Cleveland, Ohio;
and has been president of the American
Pharmaceutical association.
LLOYD, THOMAS, governor, was born
about 1640, in Wales. He succeeded Penn
as deputy governor of Pennsylvania, and
served during 1684-88. He died July 10,
1694.
LLOYD, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, cler
gyman, college president, was born Nov.
25, 1855, in Taylor county, Ga. He has
been a successful clergyman of the leading
churches in Georgia and Texas; and pre
siding elder of a district in the methodist
episcopal church south. Since 1894 he has
been president of the Polytechnic college
of Fort Worth, Tex.
LOAN, BENJAMIN F., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1819, in Hard-
insburg, Ky. When the rebellion broke
out in 1861 he took an active part in mil
itary affairs, and was appointed a briga
dier-general. In 1862 he was elected a
representative from Missouri to the thirty-
eighth congress. He was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth and fortieth congresses.
LOCHMAN, AUGUSTUS HERMAN,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 5, 1802,
in Lebanon, Pa. He became pastor of the
Lutheran church at Harrisburg, Pa.,
which he served for forty-four years. He
has translated several volumes from the
German, which have been published by
the Lutheran board of publication in its
Fatherland series.
LOCHMAN, JOHN GEORGE, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 2, 1773, in
Philadelphia. In 1815 he became pastor
at Harrisburg, where he remained until
his death. He published a Farewell Ser
mon; Introductory Sermon; History,
Doctrine, and Discipline of the Lutheran
Church; Evangelical Catechism; and va
rious sermons and addresses. He died
July 10, 1826, in Harrisburg, Pa.
LOCHRANE, OSBORNE AUGUSTUS,
lawyer, jurist, was born Aug. 22, 1829, in
Ireland. In 1871 he was appointed chief
justice of the supreme court of Georgia,
but resigned in December of that year and
resumed practice at the bar. He died
June 17, 1887, in Atlanta, Ga.
LOCKARD, FRANCIS MARION, mer
chant, state senator, was born Sept. 15,
1855, in Coshocton, Ohio. He is a success
ful merchant of Norton, Kan.; and dur
ing 1888-92 served with distinction as a
senator in the Kansas state legislature.
LOCKARD, LORENZO B., merchant,
oil producer, was born Jan. 2, 1838, in
Hanover, Pa. When a boy he was im
bued with strong abolition principles;
went to Kansas, and served one year in
the border ruffian war under old John
Brown. He subsequently engaged in the
mercantile business in Salem, Ohio; was
elected mayor of that city in 1860, and
filled the office five consecutive times. In
1876 he moved to the oil regions of Penn
sylvania, and became a successful oil pro
ducer. In 1881 he was elected grand pro
tector of the Knights and Ladies of Honor
of Pennsylvania, which office he filled for
four terms; and since 1891 has been su
preme protector.
LOCKE, DAVID ROSS— PETROLEUM
V. NASBY — journalist, author, poet, was
born Sept. 20, 1833, in Vestal, N. Y. He
was a widely known political humorist
whose satires had much effect upon
public opinion. He was the author of
A Paper City, a novel; Swingin' Round
the Cirkle; The Moral History of Ame
rica's Life Struggle; Ekkoes from Ken
tucky; Struggles of Petroleum V. Nasby;
Nasby in Exile; Morals of Abou Ben Ad-
hem; The Demagogue, a novel; and Han
nah Jane, a poem. He died Feb. 15, 1888,
in Toledo, Ohio.
LOCKE, EDWIN, educator, clergyman,
was born Feb. 9, 1857, in Brookville, Ind.
He now fills a pastorate in Kansas City,
Kan. For several years he filled the chair
of ancient languages in the Shaw univer
sity; and has been assistant editor of The
Daily Christian Advocate.
LOCKE, FRANCIS, lawyer, jurist,
statesman, was born Oct. 31, 1766, in Ro
wan county, N. C. He was elected a judge
of the superior court in 1803; and was
chosen a senator in congress for the years
1814 and 1815 from his native state, but
appears not to have taken his seat. He
died Jan. 8, 1823, in Rowan county, N. C.
LOCKE, J. FRANK, clergyman, physi
cian, jurist, author, was born April 27,
1846, in Ossipee. N. H. He received his
education in the village academies of New
Hampton, N. H.; attended the Theologi
cal college; and for many years was a
clergyman of the congregational church.
He served with distinction during the
war, and was promoted to colonel; and
has been district commander of the Grand
Army of the Republic. He served as judge
of probate; has been United States ex
amining surgeon for pensions; and is a
prominent officer in Masonic lodges,
Knights of Maccabees, Modern Woodmen,
and other fraternal bodies of Long Prai
rie, Minn.
LOCKE, JAMES W., educator, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 30, 1837, in Wil
mington, Vt. He received a high school
and academic educa
tion; and subse
quently was engaged
in educational work.
He then studied law
and has attained
prominence as one of
the foremost lawyers
of Florida. During
the war he was in
the naval service and
at its close settled in
Key West, Fla. He
has been county
judge; has served with distinction as a
member of the Florida state senate. In
1872 he was appointed United States dis
trict judge for the southern district of
Florida; and has filled that high office
to the entire satisfaction of his state.
LOCKE, MRS. JANE ERMINIA
[STARKWEATHER], poet, was born
April 25, 1805, in Worthington, Mass. She
was a poet of Boston; and the author of
Poems; Rachel, or the Little Mourner:
Boston, a Poem; and Eulogy in Rhyme
on the Death of Webster. She died March
8, 1859, in Ashburnham, Mass.
LOCKE, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born in 1764, in Hopkinton, Mass.
From 1823 to 1829 he was a representative
in congress from the Worcester north dis
trict; in 1830 was a state senator from
Middlesex county, Mass.; and in 1831 was
a member of the executive council. He
died March 29, 1855, in Boston, Mass.
LOCKE, JOHN, physicist, was born Feb.
19, 1792, in Freeburg, Maine. He made
various improved arid original instru
ments for use in optics, physics, electrici
ty, and magnetism, among which were
the gravity escapement for regulator-
clocks which has never been surpassed;
and his electro-chronograph subsequent
ly purchased for the United States naval
observatory at an expense of $10,000; al
so a spirit-level which is still in use
among civil engineers. He died July 10,
1856, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
LOCKE, JOHN STAPLES, author, poet,
was born in 1836. He is a writer of Saco,
Maine; and the author of Shores of Saco
Bay; Historical Sketches of Old Orchard;
The Art of Correspondence; A Brave
Struggle, a novel; Pleasing Rhymes for
Happy Times; and Bright Hours.
LOCKE, JOSEPH ALVAH, lawyer,
state senator, was born in December, 1843,
in Biddeford, Maine. He has been on the
school committee of Portland, and the
board of trustees of Kent's Hill seminary,
and made its president; and has repre
sented the city twice in the house, and his
district twice in the senate of the legisla
ture, in 1880 being its president.
LOCKE, MATTHEW, congressman, was
born in 1730, near Salisbury, N. C. He
was a member of the congress at Halifax
in 1776, which formed the constitution of
North Carolina; and was a representative
in the congress of the United States from
1793 to 1799. He also served in the legis
lature. He died Sept. 7, 1801, in Salisbury,
N. C.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
593
LOCKE, MAURICE E., educator, law
yer, was born Feb. 12, 1861, in Frankfort,
111. In 1876 he graduated from the high
school of Kentland, Ind.; attended a nor
mal school at Valparaiso, and studied sev
eral languages under private tutors. In
early life he taught school; then was en
gaged in journalistic work; and in 1879
was admitted to the bar. For three years
he was president of a national bank; and
subsequently has been successfully en
gaged in other businesses. In 1891 he re
sumed the practice of the law in Dallas.
LOCKE, POWHATTAN B., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in Kentucky. He removed
to Missouri; and was appointed a judge
of the United States court for the territory
of Nevada, residing at Carson City.
LOCKE, SAMUEL, educator, was born
Nov. 23, 1732, in Woburn, Mass. He was
ordained a minister at Sherburne in 1759,
and retained this pastorate till 1769, when
he was appointed president of Harvard.
He died Jan. 15, 1778, in Sherburne, Mass.
LOCKE, SYLVANUS DYER, inventor,
was born Sept. 11, 1833, in Richfield, N.
Y. In his youth he was a civil engineer
on the Mississippi
^•HPPHVHfe river, and on the
Wisconsin Central
railroad. In 1861 he
was admitted to the
bar; and during the
war received a lieu
tenant's commission
in a company of Wis
consin volunteers.
He was county sur
veyor, and city engi-
neer of Janesville,
. Wis., for eight years.
He was the inventor of the automatic
grain binder, which was first manufac
tured in 1870 at the W. A. Wood Company's
manufactory at Hoosick Falls, N. Y. Elev
en distinct features embraced in this ma
chine are now used by all manufacturers
of binders. He owned seventy-four pat
ents on harvesters and binders, besides
thirty patents on other inventions, in
cluding hop-pickers, car-couplers, railway
cross-tie, snow melting apparatus for city
streets, self-closing gas burner, and vote
recorder, and mail bag. In 1883 he was
elected assemblyman from his district. His
last invention, just completed when death
claimed him, was the automatic steel link
drive chain machine.
LOCKETT, J. B., educator, lawyer, was
born in 1868, in Austin, Tex. After re
ceiving a liberal education he commenced
educational work. He subsequently
studied law, was admitted to the bar, and
is now a leading lawyer of the Indiana
territory at Duncan; where he has been
connected with some of the most promi
nent litigations of the territory. He has
also taken a prominent part in political
affairs.
LOCKHART, ARTHUR JOHN, clergy
man, poet, was born May 5, 1850, in Lock-
hartville, Nova Scotia. He started in life
as a printer, and
subsequently became
a noted clergyman of
the methodist epis
copal church of
Maine. He lias writ
ten essays and other
articles for the pe
riodical press, and is
I the author of two
I volumes of poems
^k fl I entitled The Mask of
!• •! I Minstrels; and Be
side the Narragau-
gus, besides other works.
LOCKHART, FRED T., lawyer, author,
was born June 11, 1850, in Lincoln county,
Ga. He received his education in the uni
versities of Georgia and Virginia; and is
now a successful lawyer of Augusta, Ga.,
and attorney for three railroads in that
state. He is the author of a volume enti
tled Told By a Child, and other works.
LOCKHART, JAMES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Feb. 13, 1806, in
Auburn, N. Y. He removed to Indiana
in 1832; and in 1841 and 1842 was elected
prosecuting attorney. From 1845 to 1851
he was judge of the fourth judicial dis
trict, when he resigned. He was elected
a representative in congress from Indiana
from 1851 to 1853. He died Sept. 7, 1857,
in Evansville, Ind.
LOCKHART, JAMES ALEXANDER,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born June 2, 1850, in Anson county, N. C.
He was elected to the house of representa
tives of the general assembly in 1878,
and to the North Carolina state senate in
1880. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a democrat.
LOCKNEY, HENRY CALVIN, farmer,
merchant, lawyer, was born April 26, 1855,
in Burnersville, W. Va. In 1875 he began
teaching school in Arnoldsburg, W. Va.,
and followed his profession for several
years in the adjoining counties. In 1880
he was admitted to the bar, and became
prosecuting attorney of Clay county, which
position he filled during 1887-96. In 1892
he declined the nomination for state su
perintendent of free schools. He has been
state secretary of the Farmers' Mutual
Benefit association ever since its organi
zation in West Virginia; was a delegate
to the National alliance and Industrial
union in 1894; and has filled various other
positions of honor. He is also a successful
farmer and stock dealer; and owns sev
eral farms near Arnoldsburg, W. Va.
LOCKWOOD, BELVA A., lawyer, re
former, lecturer, was born Oct. 24, 1830,
in Royalton, N. Y. By her efforts, a law
was passed equaliz
ing the salaries of
male and female
government e m -
ployees. In the year
1873 she was admit
ted to practice be
fore the appellate
court of the District
of Columbia. In 1877
she applied for the
right to practice be
fore the supreme
court of the United
States. She was refused simply because
she was a woman. She thereupon pre
sented to congress a bill, which was
passed, authorizing women to practice law
in the United States courts.
LOCKWOOD, DANIEL NEWTON, law
yer, congressman, was born June 1, 1844,
in Hamburg. N. Y. He was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the forty-
fifth congress as a democrat.
LOCKWOOD, HENRY HAYES, soldier,
author, was born Aug. 17, 1814, in Kent
county, Del. He was a United States army
officer; and the author of Manual of Na
val Batteries; and Exercises in Small
Arms.
LOCKWOOD. HOMER NICHOLS, state
legislator, topographer, was born June 23,
1833, in Victory, N. Y. He aided in build
ing the New York Southern-Central rail
road in 1865-71; and in 1866-67 was a
member of the legislature.
LOCKWOOD, HOWARD, publisher, was
born March 9, 1846, in White Plains, N. Y.
In 1872 he established the Paper Trade
Journal, from which has grown the large
business known as the Lockwood Press.
He died Nov. 4, 1892, in New York city.
LOCKWOOD, INGERSOLL, lecturer,
author, was born in 1841, in New York.
He is a lecturer of New York city; and
the author of The Travels of Little Baron
Trump; Wonderful Deeds of Little Giant
Roab; Extraordinary Experience of Little
Captain Doppelkopp; and Baron Trump's
Journey Underground.
LOCKWOOD, J. A. J., soldier. He served
with distinction through the civil war;
and was promoted to brigadier-general.
He is now a resident of Georgetown, D. C.
LOCKWOOD, JAMES BOOTH, explorer,
was born Oct. 9, 1852, in Annapolis, Md.
In 1882 he set out on an expedition to the
north pole, a journey which fixes his fame
as an arctic explorer. He died April 9,
1884, in Cape Sabine.
LOCKWOOD, JOHN, railroad president,
was born Nov. 13, 1836, in Lenawee coun
ty, Mich. He is president of the Rock-
port, Langdon and Northern railway at
Rockport, Mo.
LOCKWOOD, MARIAN LEROY, jour
nalist, was born May 15, 1849, in Lenawee
county, Mich. She has written extensive
ly for current magazines and newspapers,
and is now the editor and part owner of
The Light of Easton, Kan.
LOCKWOOD, MARY SMITH, author,
was born Oct. 24, 1831, in Hanover, N. Y.
She is the author of Handbook of Ceramic
Art; and The Historic Homes of Wash
ington; and also writes for magazines
and papers.
LOCKWOOD, RALPH INGERSOLL,
lawyer, author, was born in 1798, in New
York. He was a lawyer of New York
city; and the author of Rosine Laval, a
novel; The Insurgents, a novel; and
Lockwood's Reversed Cases. He died in
1855.
LOCKWOOD, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Jan. 20, 1819, in England.
He was a reformed Dutch clergyman who
after 1867 was school superintendent of
Monmouth county, N. J. He was the au
thor of Temperance, Fortitude, Justice;
The American Oyster; Abnormal Entozoa
in Man; The Life of an Oyster; and Ani
mal Memoirs. He died in 1894.
LOCKWOOD, VIRGIL HOMER, lawyer,
was born May 6, 1860, in Fort Branch, Ind.
He received his education in the high
school of his native city; at the DePauw
university, and the university of Virginia.
He studied law, was admitted to the bar,
and has attained prominence as an able
lawyer of Indianapolis, Ind.
LOCKWOOD, WILLIAM F., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in Connecticut. He re
moved to Nebraska; and was appointed
an associate justice of that territory, re-
>• siding at Dakota City.
LODGE, GILES HENRY, physician,
author, was born March 13, 1805, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a physician of Bos
ton; and the author of a scholarly trans
lation of Winckelmann's History of An
cient Art. He died in 1880.
LODGE, HARRIET NEWELL, author,
poet, was born Jan. 26, 1848, in Madison,
Ind. She received a liberal education, and;
graduated from the Western Female sem
inary of Oxford, Ohio. She has contribu
ted to our best literature in prose and
verse; and is the author, among other
things, of an exquisite brochure on the
Poetical Significance of Flowers; and of
a very charming romance entitled
Blaiseman. She is the daughter of
Henry R. Newell, a prominent manufac
turer, and the wife of James Irwin Lodge
of Indianapolis, Ind.; and their son, Caleb
Newell Lodge, is a rising young lawyer of
that city.
594
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LODGE. HENRY CABOT, lawyer, legis
lator, congressman, author, was born May
12, 1850, in Boston, Mass. He received
his education at private schools; gradu
ated from Harvard college in 1871; and
from the Harvard law school in 1874.
He served two terms as member of the
house of representatives of the Massachu
setts legislature; and was elected to the
fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, and fifty-
third congresses. He was elected to the
senate Jan. 17, 1893, to succeed Henry L.
Dawes; resigned his seat in the house
and took his seat in the senate March 4,
1893. His term of service will expire
March 3, 1899. He is the author of Essay
on Anglo-Saxon Land Law; Life and Let
ters of George Cabot; Short History of
the English Colonies in America; Lives
of Washington, Webster, Hamilton; Stu
dies in History; Historical and Political
Essays; Speeches; History of Boston; and
Hero Tales from American History.
LODGE. LEE DAVIS, educator, philoso
pher, author, was born Nov. 24, 1865, in
Montgomery county, Md. In 1885 he grad
uated from the Columbian university
with the degree of M. A. He was immedi
ately elected tutor of Greek and English
in his alma mater; in 1886 was chosen
professor of Latin; and since 1887 he has
filled the chair of French language and
literature. His work entitled A Study in
Corneille, traces carefully the develop
ment of the French drama. He is now
writing a History of French Philosophy,
on which subject he is an authority.
LOEB, ALBERT I., lawyer, legislator,
was born Jan. 22, 1872, in Helena, Mont.
He received his education at the high
school of his native city, the university
of Michigan, and received the degree of
bachelor of laws at Ann Arbor, in 1892.
He was elected a member of the fifth leg
islative assembly of the state of Montana
from Lewis and Clarke county; and was
the first person in the state of Montana
to represent a county of his nativity in
the legislature of the state; he served as
speaker pro tempore of the house. He was
first president of the society of Sons and
Daughters of Montana Pioneers, and has
filled various positions of trust in his
oounty and state.
LOENNECKER, MARTIN G., journal
ist, was born May 21, 1845, in Germany.
He is the editor and owner of The In
dustrial News of Jackson, Mich.; has been
mayor of his city; and was active in the
organization of the people's party.
LOEW, FREDERICK WILLIAM, law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 20, 1834, in
Germany. In 1869 he was judge of the
court of common pleas of New York city,
resigning that position in 1875, when he
returned to the active practice of his pro
fession.
LOFLAND, JAMES R., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 2, 1823, in Mil-
ford, Del. He was secretary of the Dela
ware state senate in 1849; and secretary
of state in 1855 and 1859. He was ap
pointed a paymaster in the army in 1863,
and resigned in 1867. He was elected to
the forty-third congress as a republican.
LOGAN, ALGERNON S., poet. He is a
writer of Philadelphia, Pa., his poems
having appeared in the periodical press
generally, and in book form.
LOGAN, BENJAMIN, pioneer, was born
about 1752, in Augusta county, Va. In
1775 he joined Daniel Boone and others;
and was one of the pioneers of Kentucky.
He died Dec. 11, 1802, in Shelby county,
Ky.
LOGAN, CORNELIUS AMBROSIUS,
dramatist, was born May 4, 1806, in Balti
more, Md. He was a dramatist and thea
trical manager of Cincinnati, among whose
plays are The Wag of Maine; The Wool
Dealer; and Yankee Land. He died Feb.
23, 1853, in Wheeling, W. Va.
LOGAN, CORNELIUS AMBROSE, phy
sician, diplomat, author, was born Aug.
6, 1836, in Deerfield, Mass. He is a physi
cian of Leavenworth, Kan., minister to
Chili in 1873. and 1881-83. He was the
author of Sanitary Relations of Kansas;
Climatology of the Missouri Valley; and
Physics of Infectious Diseases.
LOGAN, DANIEL BOONE. lawyer, was
born April 23, 1858, in Carter county, Ky.
He is a successful lawyer of Pineville,
Ky.; in 1886-87 was master commissioner
of Rowan circuit court: and since 1896
has been a director of the First National
bank of his city. He takes an active part
in the public affairs of his county and
state.
LOGAN, GEORGE, diplomat, statesman,
author, was born Sept. 9, 1753, in Stanton,
Pa. He was a member of the legislature
of Pennsylvania. He was a senator of the
United States from 1801 to 1807. In 1797
he published Experiments on Gypsum:
and Rotation of Crops. He died April 9,
1821, in Stanton, Pa.
LOGAN. GEORGE, educator, clergy
man, was born Aug. 25, 1852, in Ross
county, Ohio. He graduated from the
South Salem academy of Ohio: and for
twenty years was engaged in educational
work in Ohio and Montana. In 1879 he
was licensed to preach, and ten years lat
er entered the active work of a home mis
sionary of north Montana, in the method-
ist episcopal church. He has attained
eminence as a successful clergyman, and
now fills a pastorate in Choteau, Mont.
LOGAN, HENRY, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1835 to 1839.
LOGAN, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, govern
or, author, was born Oct. 20, 1674, in Ire
land. He was chief justice of Pennsyl
vania; and founded the Loganian library
at Philadelphia. He was the author of
Duties of Man; Defense of Aristotle; Ex-
perimenta de Plantarum Generatione; and
Essays on Languages; a translation, with
notes, of Cicero's De Senectute, printed
by Franklin in 1744. He died Oct. 31, 1751,
near Germantown, Pa.
LOGAN, JAMES VENABLE, clergy
man, college president, was born July 11,
1835, in Scott county. Ky. For a short time
after 1868 he edited the Free Christian
Commonwealth, and since then he has
identified himself with Central university,
Richmond. Ky., of which he was elected
president in 1880.
LOGAN, JOHN, educator, legislator,
was born Dec. 3, 1856, in Winona, Minn.
In 1894 he was elected to the North Dako
ta legislature, and received the re-election
in 1896. He is a successful farmer in Val
ley City, N. D.
LOGAN, JOHN ALEXANDER, soldier,
statesman, was born Feb. 9, 1826, in Jack
son county, 111. He went with the army
as a private in the
war with Mexico,
and was made quar
termaster of his reg
iment. In 1852 he
was admitted to the
bar; and in the same
year was elected to
the Illinois legisla
ture. In 1853 he was
appointed a prosecut
ing attorney: in 1856
a presidential elect
or, and a second time
elected to the legislature. In 1858 he was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the thirty-sixth congress; and re-elected
to the fhirty-seventh congress. He resign
ed, and served as a colonel in the union
army in 1861 ; and was subsequently com
missioned a major-general. He was elected
to the fortieth and forty-first congresses.
In 1871 he took his seat in the United
States senate for the term ending in 1877;
was again elected to the United States
senate in 1878 for the term ending in
1885; and was re-elected in 1885. In 1884
he was the republican nominee for vice-
president. He was the author of The
Great Conspiracy: and The Volunteer
Soldier of America. He died Dec. 26, 1886,
in Washington, D. C.
LOGAN, JOHN HENRY, physician, au
thor, was born Nov. 5, 1822. in Abbeville
district, S. C. He was a physician who
was a professor in the Medical college at
Atlanta; and the author of History of
the Upper Country of South Carolina; and
Students' Manual of Chemico-Physics. He
died March 28, 1885, in Atlanta, Ga.
LOGAN, MILBURN HILL, physician,
surgeon, chemist, author, was born Aug.
5, 1855, in Richview, 111. He attended the
common schools and the university of Cal
ifornia, and graduated in medicine from
the California Medical college. He has
been professor of chemistry and toxicolo
gy in the California Medical college; and
is the founder and president of the Mac
lean Hospital and Sanitarium of San
Francisco. He has traveled extensively in
Europe, and in 1890 represented the State
Eclectic Medical society at the interna
tional medical congress held in Berlin.
He is the author of A System of Organic
Chemistry, and various other scientific
works.
LOGAN. OLIVE, author, lecturer, was
born April 16, 1841, in Elmira, N. Y. She
has attained success as a playwright; and
has lectured on popular subjects of the
day.
LOGAN, STEPHEN TRIGG, lawyer, ju
rist, was born Feb. 24. 1800, in Franklin
county, Ky. He went to Glasgow, Ky., in
1817. Subsequently he was appointed
commonwealth's attorney, and became
judge. He died July 17, 1880, in Spring
field, Mass.
LOGAN, SYDNEY ALGERNON, author,
poet, was born May 17, 1849, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He is the author of Jesus in
Modern Life; Messalina, a five-act trag
edy; and three volumes of poems entitled
The Mirror of the Mind; The Image of
Air; and A Feather From the World's
Wing.
LOGAN. T. M., soldier, lawyer, was
born Nov. 3. 1840. in Charleston, S. C.
General Logan's boyhood was spent on
his father's plantation; and he received
his education in Charleston. He joined
the Washington light infantry as a pri
vate during the siege of Fort Sumter. He
was rapidly promoted, and became briga
dier-general. At the close of the war
he married and settled in Virginia, and
practiced the profession of law in Rich
mond.
LOGAN, THOMAS MULDRUP, physi
cian, author, was born Jan. 31, 1808, in
Charleston, S. C. He is the author of
The Topography of California; Cli
mate of California; and Meteorological
Observations at Sacramento, in reports
of the Smithsonian institution.
LOGAN, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born Dec. 8,
1776, in Barrod's Ford, Ky. He was fre
quently in the Kentucky legislature, and
officiated as speaker; and was twice cho
sen judge of the court of appeals. He was
a senator in congress during the years
1819 and 1820. He died Aug. 8, 1822, in
Shelby county, Ky.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
595
LOICH, JOHN EDWARD, merchant,
chemist, was born March 10. 1858, in New
York city. For many years he was a dis
tiller and chemist with the flrm of Skel-
ley, Forgarty and Skelley of New York
.city; and is now president of the Emile
>G. Blot Malt Whiskey company.
LOMASNEY, RICHARD T., lawyer,
bank examiner, was born Oct. 2, 1859, in
Schenectady, N. Y. He attended the St.
John's Roman catholic school; and in
1881 graduated from the Union college.
He has attained success as an able lawyer
,of his native city; has served as clerk of
the surrogate court of Schenectady coun
ty; and has filled with distinction the
responsible office of state bank examiner
for the state of New York.
LOMAX, JOHN TAYLOR, lawyer, ju
rist, author, was born in January, 1781,
in Port Tobago, Va. He was a Virginia
jurist; and the author of Digest of United
States Real Property Laws; and Digest on
the Law of Executors and Administrators.
He died Oct. 10, 1862, in Fredericksburg.
Va.
LOMAX, TENNENT, lawyer, was born
April 29, 1858, in Montgomery, Ala. He
received his education at the university of
Alabama; studied law and has become
prominent in his profession in his native
city. He has served as solicitor for the
county of Montgomery; has been secre
tary of the democratic state committee;
.and in 1896 was chairman of the Alabama
delegation to the national democratic
•convention.
LOMEN, GUDBRAND J., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Jan. 28, 1854, in Winne-
ishiek county, Iowa. He received his edu
cation at the Luther college of Decorah,
Iowa: and graduated from the law de
partment of the Iowa state university.
During 1878-85 he was clerk of the dis
trict court of Houston county, Minn.; and
in 1891 served with distinction as a mem
ber of the Minnesota state legislature
from St. Paul.
LONDON, GEORGE MARION, farmer,
merchant, state legislator, was born Jan.
21, 1864. in Twelve Mile, Mo. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the common schools; graduated from
Farmington college; and for three years
was engaged in educational work. He is
a successful farmer and merchant in the
place of his nativity; and during 1888-92
was prominently identified with the
Farmers' alliance as an organizer and lec
turer. He was elected and served with
distinction as a member of the thirty-
ninth general assembly of Missouri.
LONG, ALEXANDER, lawyer, congress
man, was born Dec. 24, 1816, in Green
ville, Pa. He was educated at Gary's
academy (now Farm
er's college), Ohio;
and adopted the pro
fession of the law.
He practiced law in
Cincinnati; and was
elected to the Ohio
I legislature in 1848
I and 1849. In 1862 he
I was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio
to the thirty-eighth
congress; and was a
delegate to the Chi
cago convention of 1864.
LONG, ARMISTEAD LINDSAY, sol
dier, author, was born Sept. .3, 1827, in
Campbell county, Va. He was appointed
major in the confederate army; and brig
adier-general of artillery in 1863. He was
the author of Memoirs of Gen. Robert E.
Lee. He died April 29, 1891, in Charlottes-
ville, Va.
LONG, CHARLES CHAILLE, soldier,
author, was born July 2, 1842, in Princess
Anne, Md. He was a soldier who served
in the federal army during the civil war;
became colonel in the Egyptian army in
1869; and in 1887 was American consul-
general in Corea. He is the author of Cen
tral Africa; and The Three Prophets-
Chinese Gordon, the Mahdi, Arabi Pacha.
LONG. CHARLES DEAN, soldier, law
yer, jurist, college president, was born
June 14, 1841, in Grand Blanc, Mich. Dur
ing 1875-80 he was prosecuting attorney
of Genesee county; and in 1885 was com
mander of the department of Michigan of
the Grand Army of the Republic. In 1887
he was elected justice of the supreme court
of the state of Michigan; and in 1891 was
elected president of the Detroit College of
Law.
LONG, CHESTER I., lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 12, 1860, in Perry
county, Pa. He was elected to the Kansas
state senate in 1889; and was elected to
the fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
LONG, CLEMENT, theologian, educa
tor, was born Dec. 1, 1806, in Hopkinton.
N. H. He was lecturer on intellectual
philosophy and political economy at Dart
mouth in 1851-52, and was professor of
the same from 1854 until his death. He
died Oct. 14. 1861, in Hanover, N. H.
LONG, CRAWFORD W., physician, was
born Nov. 1, 1815, in Danielsville, Ga.
In 1851 he moved to Athens, Ga. He
claimed that he performed, in 1842, the
first surgical operation with the patient
in a state of anaesthesia from the inhala
tion of ether. He died June 16, 1878, in
Athens, Ga.
LONG, EDWARD H., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1808, in Maryland. He
served a number of years in the Mary
land legislature; and was a representa
tive in congress from Maryland from 1845
to 1847. He died in October, 1865, in Som
erset, Md.
LONG, ELI, soldier, was born June 16,
1837, in Woodford county, Ky. For his
services during the civil war he was bre-
vetted major-general in the regular army
and major-general of volunteers, and hav
ing been mustered out of the volunteer
service, Jan. 15, 1866, he was retired with
the rank of major-general.
LONG, ELI H., physician, surgeon, au
thor, was born July 24, 1860, in Erie coun
ty, N. Y. He has filled the chairs of ma-
teria medica and therapeutics in the uni
versity of Buffalo. N. Y. He is the author
of Tables for Doctor and Druggist, and
numerous medical articles.
LONG, GABRIEL, soldier, was born in
1751. He was an officer in the revolution
ary army and ultimately rose to the rank
of major. He died Feb. 3, 1827, in Cul-
peper county, Va.
LONG, JEFFERSON F., merchant, con
gressman, was born March 3, 1836, in
Crawford county, Ga. He is a merchant
tailor of Macon, Ga. He was elected to
the forty-first congress as a republican.
LONG, JOHN, farmer, congressman,
was born in Loudoun county, Va. He en
tered public life as a senator in the as
sembly in 1815, and in 1821 was elected to
congress as a representative from North
Carolina, where he remained until 1829.
LONG, JOHN BENJAMIN, congress
man, was born Sept. 8, 1843, in Nacog-
doches county, Texas. He moved with his
parents to Rusk, Texas, in 1846, where
he has since resided. He is overseer of
the Texas State Grange and president of
the Texas Farmer Co-operative Publish
ing association. He made the canvass
and secured the nomination for the fifty-
second congress over some of the most
prominent and best men of the state
LONG, JOHN DAVIS, lawyer, congress
man, governor, author, was born Oct. 27
1838, in Buckfield, Maine. He served in
the Massachusetts state house of repre
sentatives from 1875 to 1879, the last three
years as speaker. He was lieutenant-gov
ernor of the state in 1879, and governor
from 1879 to 1882. He was elected a rep
resentative from Massachusetts to the
forty-eighth congress, and was re-elected
to the forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses.
In 1897 he was appointed secretary of the
navy. He is the author of After-Dinner
and Other Speeches, and a blank-verse
translation of the JEneid,
LONG, JOHN ROBERT, soldier edu
cator, was born Nov. 15, 1839, in Pulaski
county, Ky., on the banks of the classic
Cumberland, near Somerset. In 1861 he
enlisted in company A, fifth division Mis
souri state guard; at the end of six months
he entered the regular confederate service
as sergeant in company B, third regi
ment Missouri cavalry, acting as body
guard to General Sterling Price, taking
part in the wearisome marches, retreats
and battles which made the name of Price
illustrious. After the battle of Elkhorn,
or Pea Ridge, the command was trans
ferred to the east of the Mississippi, and
at the battle of Black River Ridge he was
captured by the gallant twenty-second
Iowa, and for more than a year and a
half was a prisoner of war. He has since
been principally engaged in educational
work, and since 1892 has been superin
tendent of city schools in Jacksonville
111.
LONG, OWEN GIBSON, lawyer, soldier,
jurist, was born March 3, 1845, in Jackson
ville, III. During the war he held a posi
tion in government service with rank of
captain, and afterward an office in the cus
tom house of New Orleans until 1870.
During 1873-74 he was judge of the city
court in Kansas City, Mo., and 1886-90
was city magistrate.
LONG, PIERCE, congressman, was born
in 1739 in Portsmouth, N. H. He was a
delegate from New Hampshire to the con
tinental congress from 1784 to 1786. He
died April 3, 1789, in Portsmouth, N. H.
LONG. ROBERT CAREY, architect, au
thor, was born about 1819. He was an
architect of New York city who published
a work on Ancient Architecture in Amer
ica. He died in July, 1849, in New York
city.
LONG, STEPHEN HARRIMAN, civil
engineer, soldier, author, was born Dec.
30, 1784, in Hopkinton, N. H. He intro
duced Long's truss bridge; and was col
onel and chief of topographical engineers
United States army in 1861. He wrote Rail
road Manual. He died Sept. 4. 1864. in
Alton, 111.
LONG, THOMAS B., jurist, translator,
was born Oct. 25, 1836, in Mansfield, Ohio.
In 1870 he was unanimously nominated
by the democratic party, and elected by a
large majority, as judge of the criminal
circuit court of Indiana. He has trans
lated into English heroic verse a great
part of the yE'neid of Virgil, besides some
others of the minor productions of the
Greek and Latin poets.
LONGACRE, JAMES BARTON, en
graver, was born Aug. 11, 1794, in Dela
ware county, Pa. From 1844 till his death
he was engraver to the United States mint,
and designed all the new coins that were
struck during this time, including the
double-eagle, the three-dollar piece, and
the gold dollar. He died Jan. 1, 1869, in
Philadelphia.
596
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LONGFELLOW, ERNEST WADS-
WORTH, artist, was born in 1845 in Cam
bridge, Mass. He paints with a firm hand
and brilliant but harmonious scheme of
color, and is favorably known for such
effective landscapes and compositions as
Old Mill at Manchester, Mass.; Italian
Pines; Love Me, Love My Dog; Misty
Morning; and John and Priscilla.
LONGFELLOW, HENRY WADS-
WORTH, poet, was born Feb. 27, 1807,
in Portland, Maine. The most widely read
of American poets.
He was professor of
modern languages at
B o w d o i n college,
1829-35, and filled
the same position at
Harvard university,
1835-54, his home
being at Cambridge
from 1835. He was
the author of Coplas
de Manrique, a verse
translation from the
Spanish; Outre-Mer,
a prose volume of travels; Hyperion,
a prose romance; Voices of the Night;
Ballads, and Other Poems; Poems on
Slavery; The Spanish Student; The Bel
fry of Bruges, and Other Poems; Evan-
geline; Kavanagh, a prose tale; Seaside
and Fireside; The Golden Legend; Hia
watha; The Courtship of Miles Standish;
Tales of a Wayside Inn, first series;
Flower de Luce; New England Tragedies;
Dante's Divina Commedia, a translation;
The Divine Tragedy; Three Books of
Song; Aftermath; The Masque of Pan
dora; Kfiramos; Ultima Thule; In the
Harbor; and Michael Angelo. He died
March 24, 1882, in Cambridge, Mass.
LONGFELLOW, SAMUEL, clergyman,
author, poet, was born June 18, 1819, in
Portland, Maine. He was a Unitarian cler
gyman who held pastorates at Fall River,
Brooklyn, and Germantown. but whose
latest years were spent in Cambridge. He
was the author of Life of H. W. Longfel
low; Hymns and Verses; Memoir of S.
Johnson; and Essays and Sermons. With
S. Johnson he edited Hymns of the Spirit
He died in 1892.
LONGFELLOW, STEPHEN, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 23, 1775, in
Gorham, Maine. From 1817 to 1836 he
was a member of the corporation of Bow-
doin college. He was a representative in
congress from Maine from 1823 to 1825;
and a representative in the Maine legis
lature in 1826. He died Aug. 2, 1849, in
Portland, Maine.
LONGFELLOW, WILLIAM PITT PRE-
BLE, architect, author, was born in 1836
in Maine. He is an architect of note, and
editor of the Cyclopaedia of Architecture
in Italy, Greece and the Levant.
LONGLEY, EDMUND, educator, was
born April 1, 1819, in Sidney, Maine. This
successful educator has taught for fifty
years. He has been professor of mathe
matics, French, Spanish and Italian lan
guages; of English literature and elocu
tion. He is the author of several educa
tional works, and now resides in Emory,
Va.
LONGNECKER, HENRY CLAY, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, congressman, was
born April 17, 1820, in Allentown, Pa. He
was elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the thirty-sixth congress. He
was colonel of the ninth Pennsylvania in
fantry, commanded a brigade in western
Virginia at the commencement of the re
bellion in 1861 ; and subsequently com
manded a brigade of militia at the battle
of Antietam. In 1867 he was appointed an
associate judge of Lehigh county. He died
Sept. 18, 1871, in Allentown, Pa.
LONGSHORE, HANNAH E., physician,
was born May 30, 1819, in Maryland. She
was the first woman to put up a profes
sional sign in Philadelphia, and one of the
ten members who composed the first grad
uating class of the Woman's Medical col
lege in Pennsylvania.
LONGSHORE, JOSEPH SKELTON,
physician, author, was born Sept. 18, 1809,
in Bucks county, Pa. He is the author of
a work entitled Principles of Nursing;
and a work on obstetrics. He died in De
cember, 1879.
LONGSTREET, AUGUSTUS BALD
WIN, educator, jurist, college president,
author, was born Sept. 22, 1790, in Au
gusta, Ga. He was a
9HBHBBB^^B^. jurist and educator
of Georgia who be
came a methodist
minister in 1838, and
was subsequently
president of several
southern colleges.
He is remembered
for his genuinely hu
morous Georgia
Scenes. Among his
other works are,
Master William Mit
ten; and Letters from Georgia to Massa
chusetts. He died Sept. 9, 1870, in Ox
ford, Miss.
LONGSTREET, JAMES, soldier, states
man, author, was born Jan. 8, 1821, in
Edgefield, S. C. He served throughout the
civil war, rising to the rank of major-gen
eral. He was appointed United States
marshal for the district of Georgia, and
in 1880 was appointed envoy extraordi
nary and minister plenipotentiary of the
United States to Turkey. He was the
author of From Manassas to Appomattox.
LONGSTRETH, MIERS FISHER, as
tronomer, was born March 15, 1819, in
Philadelphia. During the early part of his
life he was a merchant, but devoted his
leisure to the study of astronomy, having
charge of the Friends' observatory in
Philadelphia till 1856.
LONGYEAR, JOHN WESLEY, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 22,
1820, in Shandaken, N. Y. He was elected
a representative from Michigan to the
thirty-eighth congress, and re-elected to
the thirty-ninth congress. He was a dele
gate to the Philadelphia loyalists' conven
tion of 1866, and in 1870 became a judge
of the district court of Michigan. He
died March 10, 1875, in Detroit, Mich.
LOOKABAUGH, IRA HOLMES, lawyer,
was born Feb. 5, 1868, in Pittsburg, Pa.
He received his education at the Campbell
university of Holton,
Kan., and at the
Kansas university of
Lawrence. He grad
uated from the com
mercial and scienti
fic course at Camp
bell university, and
from the art and
law departments at
the Kansas univer
sity. He has been
cashier of a bank,
traveling salesman,
and a school teacher. In 1892 he was ad
mitted to practice in the supreme court
of Kansas and has attained prominence
in his profession in Oklahoma territory at
Watonga, where he takes an active part
in the public affairs of that territory.
LOOKER, OTHNIEL, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, governor, was born Oct.
4, 1757, on Long Island, N.Y. He served
five years in the revolutionary army; and
also served in both branches of the New
York legislature. In 1804 he moved to
Ohio, where he served for many years in
the state senate. In 1814 became governor
by virtue of his office as speaker of the
senate, and was for seven years a judge of
the court of common pleas. He died April
5, 1845, in Palestine, 111.
LOOMIS, ALFRED LEBBEUS, lawyer,
author, was born June 10, 1831, in Ben-
nington, Vt. He was a physician of New
York city, and professor in the university
of the City of New York in 1865. He was
the author of Lessons in Physical Diag
nosis; Diseases of the Respiratory Or
gans; Lectures on Fevers; Diseases of
Old Age; and Text-Book of Practical Med
icine. He died Jan. 24, 1896, in New York
city.
LOOMIS, ANNIE ELISABETH, educa
tor, author, was born Sept. 24, 1850, and is
the daughter of Silas L. Loomis, a noted
physician of Florida. She received her
education at the Wesleyan academy and
the Wesleyan Female college; and in due
course received the degrees of A. B. and A.
M. She has taught with success in the
Kimball Union academy and the Hagers-
town Female seminary, in music and mod
ern and ancient languages, and since 1895
has been principal of the Mount Pleasant
public school of Washington, D. C. She is
the author of a score or more of published
works.
LOOMIS, ARPHAXAD, congressman,
was born April 9, 1798, in Winchester,
Conn. He was for three years a member
of the legislature of New York from Her-
kimer county, and was a representative in
congress from that state from 1837 to
1839. He died Sept. 15, 1885, in Little
Falls, N. Y.
LOOMIS, AUGUSTUS WARD, clergy
man, missionary, author, was born in 1816
in Connecticut. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman, and for many years a missionary
among the Chinese of California. He is
the author of Learn to Say No; Scenes in
Chusan; Scenes in the Indian Country;
The Profits of Godliness; Confucius and
the Chinese Classics; and English and
Chinese Lessons.
LOOMIS, D. ALDEN, physician, sur
geon, was born June 14, 1837, in Westfield,
N. Y. He was educated in the classics and
higher mathematics at the Fredonia acad
emy, N. Y. For many years he was en
gaged in educational work, entered the
Philadelphia college of Medicine and Sur
gery in 1862, and graduated two years
later. He was commissioned assistant
surgeon in the ninety-third regiment, New
York volunteer infantry, and was on the
staff of General Butler. After the war he
was appointed demonstrator of anatomy
in his alma mater. A few years later he
was appointed to the chair in the Medical
college of St. Louis. In 1896 was elected
to the chair of histology in the college
of Physicians and Surgeons, in Indiana
polis, Ind. He is the author of Among the
Hollyhocks, and has contributed exten
sively to medical and periodical literature.
LOOMIS, DWIGHT, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born July 27, 1821, in Col
umbia, Conn. In 1847 he practiced law in
Rockville, Conn., and in 1851 was elected
to the Connecticut legislature. He was a
state senator in 1857. He was elected a
representative from Connecticut to the
thirty-sixth congress, and re-elected to the
thirty-seventh congress. He was subse
quently placed upon the bench of the su
preme court of Connecticut.
LOOMIS, EBEN JENKS, astronomer,
author, was born in 1828 in New York. He
is an astronomer of Washington city,
senior assistant in the Nautical Almanac
office. He is the author of Wayside
Sketches; and An Eclipse Party in Africa.
HERRINGSHAW9 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
597
LOOMIS, ELIAS, astronomer, author,
was born Aug. 7, 1811, in Willington,
Conn. He was an astronomer and mathe
matician who was professor at Yale uni
versity from 1860. He published a series
of text-books in thirteen volumes, among
which are, Plane and Spherical Trigonom
etry; Treatise on Astronomy; and Treatise
on Meteorology. He died Aug. 15, 1889,
in New Haven, Conn.
LOOMIS, ELMER, soldier, agriculturist,
legislator, was born July 25, 1834, in
Fowler, Ohio. During the civil war he
served in company D, one hundred and
seventy-seventh Ohio infantry; and in
1869 moved to Kansas. He is a successful
farmer and stock man of Giraru; was a
member of the state legislature in 1889,
and in 1896 was again elected to the same
office.
LOOMIS, GUSTAVUS, soldier, was born
Sept. 23, 1789, in Thetford, Vt. He served
gallantly in the Mexican and civil wars;
and in 1865 received the brevet of briga
dier-general. He died March 6, 1872, in
Stratford, Conn.
LOOMIS, JUSTIN RUDOLPH, educator,
college president, author, was born Aug.
10, 1810, in Bennington, N. Y. He is an
educator of Pennsylvania, president of
Lewisburg university in 1858-78; and the
author of Elements of Geology; and Ele
ments of Anatomy.
LOOMIS, LAFAYETTE CHARLES,
physician, author, was born July 7, 1824,
in Coventry, Conn. He is a physician
and educator of Washington city, and the
author of Mizpah; Prayer and Friendship;
Mental and Social Culture; Summer Guide
to Central Europe; and Index Guide to
Travel and Art Study in Europe.
LOOMIS, SAMUEL LANE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1856 in Massachusetts.
He is a congregational clergyman of Bos
ton, and the author of Modern Cities and
Their Religious Problems.
LOOMIS, SILAS LAWRENCE, educator,
physician, author, was born May 22, 1822,
in Coventry, Conn. He received his edu
cation in the Wesleyan university and the
Georgetown university. He is the author
of Analytical Arithmetic; and Normal
Arithmetic.
LOOP, HENRY AUGUSTUS, artist, was
born Sept. 9, 1831, in Hillsdale, N. Y.
Among his works are portraits of Worth-
ington Whittredge, of Joseph P. Thomson,
and Prof. Elias Loomis; also Undine;
Aphrodite; Echo; Hermione and Helena;
OCnone; At the Spring; Idyl of the Lake;
Love's Crown; Summer Moon; and The
Dreamer.
LOOP, MRS. JENNETTE SHEPARD
HARRISON, artist, was born March 5,
1840, in New Haven, Conn. In 1875 she
was elected an associate of the National
Academy of Design and has exhibited in
nearly all of its exhibitions since that
time. Many prominent people of New
Haven have portraits by her, and her por
traits of New York people have given her
a wide reputation.
LOOS, CHARLES LOUIS, educator,
clergyman, college president, was born
Dec. 22, 1823, in France. In 1834 he emi
grated to America; has attained success
in educational work, as professor in Beth
any college for twenty-five years; presi
dent of the Eureka college, Illinois, and as
president of the Kentucky university,
which latter office he still holds. For fifty
years he has been a clergyman. He
founded and edited for two years The
Disciple of Somerset, Pa.; was co-editor of
The Christian Age of Cincinnati, Ohio;
and for twenty years has been editorial
writer for The Christian Standard.
LORAIN, LORENZO, soldier, inventor,
was born Aug. 3, 1831, in Phillipsburg, Pa.
In 1875 he became instructor of engin
eering at artillery school at Fortress Mon
roe. He invented a telescopic sight for
large guns, and left a range finder un
completed at the time of his death. He
died March 6, 1882, in Baltimore, Md.
LORAS, MATHIAS, bishop, was born in
1792, in France. In 1837 he was conse
crated Roman catholic bjshop of Dubuque,
Iowa. He died Feb. 19, 1858.
LORD, AUGUSTUS MENDON, clergy
man, poet, was born in 1861 in San Fran
cisco, Cal. He is a clergyman of the
First Congregational church of Arlington,
Mass., and the author of A Book of
Verses.
LORD, BENJAMIN, clergyman, author,
was born May 31, 1694, in Saybrook, Conn.
From 1717 until his death he was a clergy
man in Norwich, Conn. He published a
Half Century Discourse; and several ser
mons. He died in April, 1784, in Norwich,
Conn.
LORD, CHARLES BACHUS, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 13, 1810, in Thorn
ton, Maine. He practiced law in Buffalo,
N. Y., and removing to St. Louis, Mo., at
tained eminence in his profession. For
many years he was judge of the land
court, and subsequently of the circuit
court of that city. He died Nov. 15, 1868,
in St. Louis, Mo.
LORD, DANIEL, lawyer, was born Sept.
2, 1795, in Stonington, Conn. He became
one of the foremost lawyers of New York
city, and for forty years previous to his
death there were few great civil cases
before the United States or New York
state courts in which he was not retained.
He died March 4, 1868, in New York city.
LORD, DAVID NEVINS, merchant, au
thor, poet, was born March 5, 1792, in
Franklin, Conn. He was a merchant and
importer of New York city, and the au
thor of Exposition of the Apocalypse;
Characteristics of Figurative Language;
Louis Napoleon: is he to be Anti-Christ?
and Visions of Paradise, an Epic. He died
July 14, 1880, in New York city.
LORD, ELEAZER, financier, author
was born Sept. 9, 1788, in Franklin, Conn.
He was a noted financier of New York
city who was the founder of the Manhat
tan Insurance company. Among his
rather numerous writings are, Credit,
Currency, and Banking; Six Letters on a
National Currency; The Epoch of the
Creation; Analysis of Isaiah; and The
Prophetic Office. He died June 3, 1871, in
Piermont. N. Y.
LORD, FREDERICK W., physician,
congressman, was born Dec. 11, 1800, in
Lyme, Conn. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1847 to
1849, and was a delegate to the Baltimore
national convention in 1840. He died May
24, 1860, in New York.
LORD, HENRY W., merchant, congress
man, was born March 8, 1821, in North
ampton, Mass. He was United States con
sul at Manchester, England, from 1861 to
1867, and devised valuable plans for per
fecting the consular service. He was
elected a representative from Michigan lo
the forty-seventh congress as a republican.
LORD, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born Sept. 10, 1812, in Portsmouth, N. H.
He was a congregational clergyman widely
known as an historical lecturer, who did
much to arouse an interest in the study
of history. He was the author of His
tory of the United States; Modern His
tory; Points of History; The Old Roman
World; Ancient States and Empires; Life
of Emma Willard; Beacon Lights of His
tory; and Two German Giants. He died
in 1894.
LORD, JOHN CHASE, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born Aug. 9, 1805, in Buf
falo, N. Y. He was a prominent presby-
terian clergyman of Buffalo, and the au
thor of The Land of Ophir, and Other Lec
tures; and Occasional Poems. He died
Jan. 12, 1877, in Buffalo, N. Y.
LORD, NATHAN, sixth president of
Dartmouth college, was born Nov. 28, 1792
in Berwick, Maine. * or twelve years he
filled a successful pastorate in Amherst,
Mass., and was made president of Dart
mouth college in 1828. He continued his
office until 1863, and died Sept. 9, 1870, in
Hanover, N. H.
LORD, SCOTT, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, was born Dec. 20, 1820, in Nelson,
N. Y. He has held the offices of judge and
surrogate in Utica, N. Y. In 1874 he was
elected a representative from New York to
the forty-fourth congress. He died Sept
10, 1885, in Morris Plains, N. J.
LORD, WILLIAM PAINE, soldier, law
yer, jurist, governor, was born in 1838 in
Dover, Del. During the civil war he was
major of the first regiment, Delaware
United States cavalry; and afterward be
came lieutenant of the second regiment
United States artillery. He was city at
torney of Salem, Oregon, in ISiO; a mem
ber of the state senate in 1878; judge of
the supreme court and chief justice during
1880-94; and in 1895 he was elected gov
ernor of Oregon for four years.
LORD, WILLIAM WILBERFORCE,
clergyman, poet, was born Oct. 28, 1819,
in Madison county, N. Y. He is an epis
copal clergyman of Vicksburg, Miss., and
more recently of Cooperstown, N. Y.,
whose poems attracted the praise of
Wordsworth. His works are: Poems;
Christ in Hades; and Andr6, a tragedy.
LORD, WILLIS, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 15, 1809, in Bridgeport,
Conn. He was a presbyterian clergyman
who held several theological professor
ships as well as pastorates in Chicago and
elsewhere. He was the author of Men
and Scenes Before the Flood; Christian
Theology for the People; and The Blessed
Hope. He died in 1889.
LORE, CHARLES B., lawyer, congress
man, was born March 16, 1831, in Odessa,
Del. He was elected a representative
from Delaware to the forty-eighth con
gress, and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth congress as a democrat.
LORILLARD, PIERRE, philanthropist,
was born in New York city. He founded
Tuxedo park, a suburban retreat in
Orange county, N. Y., combining the ad
vantages of landscape-gardening with
facilities for country sports.
LORIMER, GEORGE CLAUDE, clergy
man, author, was born in 1838 in Scot
land. He is a noted baptist clergyman of
Boston, pastor of Tremont Temple, and
the author of Isms Old and New; Under
the Evergreens; The Great Conflict;
Jesus: the World's Saviour; and Studies in
Social Life.
LORIMER, WILLIAM, manufacturer,
congressman, was born April 27, 1861, in
England. He was superintendent of the
main water extension of the city of Chi
cago under Mayor Roche and superintend
ent of the water department under Mayor
Washburne. He was elected to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a republican.
LORING, CHARLES GREELEY, law
yer, author, was born May 2, 1794, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a lawyer of Boston,
and the author of The Neutral Relations
of England and the United States; Eng
lish Liability for Indemnity; and Life of
William Sturgis. He died Oct. 8, 1868, in
Beverly, Mass.
598
HERRINGSHAW'3 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LORING, EDWARD G., lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1802 in Boston, Mass. He
was a lecturer on law at Harvard college
for several years, and in 1858 was appoint
ed a judge of the court of claims in Wash
ington.
LORING, EDWARD GREELEY, physi
cian, author, was born in 1837 in Massa
chusetts. He was a physician of New
York city, and the author of Text-Book
of Ophthalmoscopy; The Normal Eye;
and Diseases of the Retina. He died in
1881.
LORING, EDWARD PAYSON, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born in March,
1837, in Norridgewock. He was first lieu
tenant of the thirteenth Maine; was pro
moted captain, then major of the United
States colored troops, and brevetted lieu
tenant-colonel. He settled in Fitchburg,
Mass., and has represented the city in the
legislature of Massachusetts.
LORING, ELLIS GRAY, lawyer, aboli
tionist, author, was born in 1808 in Bos
ton, Mass. He was one of the twelve that
formed the first anti-slavery society in
Boston in 1833. He died May 24, 1858, in
Boston, Mass.
LORING, FRANCIS HAMMER, soldier,
business man, was born July 9, 1832, in
Belpre, Ohio. In 1863 he enlisted as a pri
vate soldier in company G, ninety-second
regiment Ohio volunteer infantry; was
promoted to captain on organization of
company, served three years and was
commissioned major of volunteers at the
close of the war. He has been prominent
in political and educational affairs; presi
dent of the Iowa Masons' Benevolent so
ciety of Oskaloosa, and held numerous
offices of honor in various fraternal or
ders.
LORING, FREDERIC WADSWORTH,
journalist, author, poet, was born Dec. 12.
1848, in Boston, Mass. He was a Boston
journalist killed by the Apaches in Ari
zona, and the author of Two College
Friends, a novel; and The Boston Dip.
and Other Verses. He died Nov. 5, 1871,
near Wickenburg, Ariz.
LORING, GEORGE BAILEY, surgeon,
congressman, was born Nov. 8, 1817, in
North Andover, Mass. His father was the
Rev. Bailey Loring,
pastor of the Unitar
ian church of that
city. Dr. Loring
graduated from Har
vard college in 1837,
studied medicine un
der Dr. Oliver Wen
dell Holmes; and
was made United
States surgeon in the
Chelsea hospital. He
afterward devoted
himself to agricul
ture and public affairs. He was sent as a
member of congress at Washington from
Salem for two terms; was Jnited States
commissioner of agriculture under Presi
dent Garfield and during President Ar
thur's administration; and was made
United States minister to Lisbon by Presi
dent Harrison. He was the author of
many works on agriculture and educa
tion, and a work entitled A Year in Por
tugal, which was completed just before
his death in September, 1891.
LORING, HANNIBAL H., educator, was
born Dec. 23, 1862, in Grant county. Ind.
After completing his education at the
Northern Indiana Normal school, he com
menced educational work. He has since
been principal of schools in various large
cities of Indiana, and since 1889 has been
superintendent of schools of Porter coun
ty, Ind.
LORING, ISRAEL, clergyman, was born
April 15, 1682, in Hull, Mass. In 1706 he
became pastor of the congregational
church in Sudbury, Mass., continuing in
this charge for sixty-six years. He died
March 9, 1772, in Sudbury, Mass.
LORING, JAMES SPEAR, author, was
born Aug. 6, 1799, in Boston, Mass. He
was for thirty years a bookseller in Bos
ton, and a contributor oi historical and
biographical articles to the New England
Historical and Genealogical Register. He
was the author of A Hundred Boston Ora
tors. He died April 12, 1884, in Brooklyn,
N. Y.
LORING. PRENTISS, state legislator,
was born in February, 1834, in Yarmouth.
He settled in Portland in the business of
fire and marine insurance; has been on
the superintending school committees of
Yarmouth and Portland; and has repre
sented the city in the state legislature.
LORING, WILLIAM WING, soldier, au
thor, was born Dec. 4, 1818, in Wilming
ton, S. C. He was a soldier who, after
serving successively in the United States
::nd confederate armies, served in the
Egyptian army in 1869-79. He was the
author of A Confederate General in Egypt.
He died Dec. 30, 1886, in New York city.
LOSK1EL, GEORGE HENRY, bishop,
author, was born Nov. 7, 1740, in Russia.
He was a Moravian bishop in Pennsyl
vania whose two books have been many
times reprinted. He was the author of
Etwas fiirs Herz; and History of the Mor
avian Missions Among the North Amer
ican Indians. He died Feb. 23, 1814, in
Bethlehem, Pa.
LOSSING, BENSON JOHN, historian,
engraver, author, was born Feb. 12, 1813,
in Dutchess county, N. Y. He was an
artist and wood-engraver of Poughkeepsie
who made many valuable contributions to
American history. His later years were
spent at Dover Plains, N. Y. He was the
author of Pictorial Field-Book of the Rev
olution; Pictorial Field-Book of the War
of 1812; Pictorial Field-Book of the Civil
War; Life of General Philip Schuyler;
The Two Spies: Nathan Hale and John
Andre; Cyclopaedia of Unued States His
tory; Mary and Martha Washington; His
tory of the United States Navy for Boys;
Mount Vernon and Its Associations; The
Empire State, a History of New York;
Life of Washington; Lives of the Presi
dents; and other works. He died in 1891.
LOTHROP, CHARLES HENRY, sur
geon, inventor, author, was born Sept. 3,
1831, in Taunton, Mass. He is the in
ventor of an apparatus for treating frac
tures of the leg, and of a rubber appliance
for club-foot. He served during the civil
war as surgeon of the first Iowa cavalry,
and has been an examining surgeon for
pensions since 1868. In 1876 he edited the
Southern Medical Record.
LOTHROP, GEORGE VAN NESS, law
yer, diplomat, statesman, was born Aug.
8, 1817, in Easton, Mass. He was attorney-
general of Michigan from 1848 to 1851;
was recorder of the city of Detroit from
1851 to 1853; and was general counsel for
the Michigan Central Railroad company
from 1854 to 1880, when he resigned the
position. In 1882 he was made a member
of the commission in whose charge the
public library of Detroit was placed. He
is a director of the First National bank
of Detroit, Mich.
LOTHROP. MRS. HARRIET MUL-
FORD, author, was born June 23, 1844, in
New Haven, Conn. She is a popular
writer of juvenile literauire, living at
Concord, Mass.; and the author of Five
Little Peppers and How They Grew; The
Pettibone Name; So as by Fire; Half Year
at Bronckton; What the Seven Did; Rob;
The Golden West; How They Went to
Europe; and Hester, and Other New Eng
land Stories.
LOTHROP, THORNTON KIRKLA...J,
lawyer, author, was born in 1830 in North
Carolina. He is a lawyer of Boston, and
the author of The Life of William H.
Seward.
LOTT, JOHN A., lawyer, jurist, state
senator, was born in 1805. In 1841 he was
a member of the Rhode Island state as
sembly, and in 1842-46 a state senator.
He was justice of the supreme court in
1857-65, and judge of the court of appeals
in 1869. He died July 20, 1878, in Flat-
bush, R. I.
LOUCKS, HENRY LANGFORD, farmer,
journalist, was born May 24, 1846, in
Canada. He was president of the Dakota
Territorial Farmers'
Alliance, and South
Dakota Farmers' Al
liance from 1885 to
1892 inclusive. He
has been president of
the National Farm
ers' Alliance, and
also president of the
National Farmers'
Alliance and Indus
trial Union, which
was the largest farm
ers' organization that
ever existed. He was the permanent
chairman of the first national people's
party convention, held at Omaha in 1892:
Since 1891 he has been editor of The
Dakota Ruralist, and is the author of The
New Monetary System; and also author of
a work on Transportation in Government
Ownership of Railroads. He resides on
his farm at Altruria, one of the largest
and best farms in South Dakota.
LOUD, EUGENE FRANCIS, soldier,,
legislator, congressman, was born March
12, 1847, in Abington. Mass. He was with
the army of the Potomac and with Sheri
dan in the Shenandoah Valley until the-
close of the war. He was a member of
the California legislature in 1884, and was.
elected to the fifty-second, fifty-third and
fifty-fourth congresses and re-elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
LOUD, HENRY MARTIN, was born
Dec. 11, 1824, in Westhampton, Mass. He
is president of the Au Sable and North
western rail way; and
has been for several
years president of
the Vermillion and
Grand Morris Iron
company, having its
offices in Duluth. Not
withstanding these
important and exten
sive business inter
ests, giving employ
ment to an aggregate
of over eight hun
dred men, he has.
served as mayor of the city of Au Sable,
and also accepted the republican nomina
tion for congress.
LOUD, HULDA BARKER, educator^
journalist, lecturer, was born Sept. 13,.
1844. in East Abington. Mass. After re
ceiving a liberal education she became a
successful school teacher. She is the edi
tor and owner of The Independent of
Rockland, Mass., is a successful lecturer
and takes a prominent part in the reli
gious and educational affairs of her city.
In 1887 she represented the Knights of
Labor in the woman's international coun
cil held in Washington, and has delivered
numerous public addresses in behalf of
that order. She has also lectured on
woman suffrage and kindred topics.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
599
LOUD, MARGUERITE ST. LEON, au
thor, poet, was born about 1800 in Wysox,
Pa. She contributed poetry to the United
States Gazette and to the monthly maga
zines of that city. A volume entitled
Wayside Flowers was published in 1851.
LOUDENSLAGER, HENRY C., public
official, congressman, was born May 22.
1852, in Mauricetown, N. J. He engaged
in the produce com
mission business in
Philadelphia, Pa.,
and continued in it
ten years. He was
elected county clerk
in 1882 and re-elected
in 1887. He was
elected to the fifty-
* •^—m *•» third and fifty-fourth
^* ^^Bfel congresses and re-
• •-*"v4-fll I elected to the flftv-
"" ^^ I fifth congress as
a republican. H e
served on several important committees.
LOUDON, DE WITT CLINTON, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born in 1827 in
Georgetown. Ohio. He served one year
in the Mexican war; and during the civil
war was colonel of the seventieth regiment
Ohio volunteer infantry. He was a promi
nent lawyer of Ohio, and served ten years
as judge in his district.
Lol'GHBOROUGH, MRS. MARY WEB
STER, author, was born Aug. 27, 1836, in
New York city. She was a writer of Little
Rock, Ark., and the author of My Cave
Life in Vicksburg, an account of life in
Vicksburg during the siege; and For Bet
ter, for Worse, and Other Stories. She
died Aug. 27, 1887, in Little Rock, Ark.
LOUGHEAD, MRS. FLORA (HAINES),
author, was born July 12, 1855, in Milwau
kee, Wis. She is a writer of Santa Bar
bara, Cal., and the author of The Libraries
of California; The Man Who Was Guilty,
a novel; Quick Cookery; The Abandoned
Claim, a novel; Practical Handbook of
Science; and Hebrew Folk-Lore Tales.
LOUGHLIN, JAMES FRANCIS, clergy
man, educator, lecturer, author, was born
May 8. 1851, in Auburn, N. Y. He gradu
ated from the high school of Toledo, Ohio,
in 18fi7; he subsequently attended the
Propaganda. Rome, Italy, and was or
dained in 1897. Since 1892 he has been
professor in the Theological seminary of
Overbrook, Pa., and since 1892 has been its
chancellor. He is the editor of the Amer
ican Catholic Quarterly Review, and the
author of a book of Sermons and Lec
tures.
LOUGHRIDGE, WILLIAM, lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, congressman, was
born July 11, 1827, in Youugstown, Ohio.
He was elected a member of the»Iowa
state senate from 1856 to 1860; and in
1861 was chosen judge of the sixth judi
cial district of Iowa, to serve until Jan
uary, 1867. In 1866 he was elected a
representative from Iowa to the fortieth
congress, and was re-elected to the forty-
first, forty-second and forty-third con
gresses as a republican.
LOUNSBERRY, WILLIAM, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 25. 1831, in
Stone Ridge, N. Y. He was a member of
the assembly in 1868, and was elected
mayor of Kingston in 1878, and served two
years. He was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-sixth con
gress as a democrat.
LOUNSBURY, THOMAS RAYNES-
FORD, educator, author, was born in 1838
in New York. He has been a professor
of English at the Sheffield Scientific school
of Yale university since 1871, and the
author of History of the English Lan
guage; Life of James Fenimore Cooper;
and Studies in Chaucer.
LOUTTIT, J. A., congressman, was a
resident of Stockton, Cal. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from California
to the forty-ninth congress as a republi
can.
LOVE, ISAAC NEWTON, physician, au
thor, was born Sept. 13, 1853, in Barry,
111. He is the author of a work entitled
Practical Points on the Management of
Some of the Diseases of Children.
LOVE, J. M., soldier, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born in 1820 in Fairfax
county, Va. In 1833 he moved, with his
parents, to Ohio. He served through the
Mexican war. In 1850 he moved to Keo-
kuk, Iowa; in 1852 was elected a state
senator; and in 1855 was appointed Unit
ed States district judge for the district
of Iowa.
LOVE, JAMES, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Ken
tucky from 1833 to 1835.
LOVE, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1807 to 1811.
LOVE, PETER E., jurist, state senator,
congressman, was born July 7, 1818, in
Dublin, Ga. In 1843 he was chosen so
licitor-general for the southern district of
Georgia; in 1849 was elected to the state
senate, and in 1853 was appointed a judge
for the southern circuit of Georgia. He
was elected a representative from Georgia
to the thirty-sixth congress.
LOVE, SMOLOFF PALACE, soldier,
jurist, was born May 10, 1826, in Lincoln
county, Ky. He served with distinction as
lieutenant-colonel and colonel of the elev
enth regiment Kentucky volunteers in the
civil war on the union side. In 1866 he
was elected county judge of his county,
and served eight years in all. He resides
in Greenville, Ky., where he has attained
prominence as a lawyer and jurist.
LOVE, THOMAS C., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman. He was judge of Erie county,
N. Y., in 1828, and district attorney from
1829 to 1836. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1835 to
1837, and surrogate from 1841 to 1845. He
died Sept. 17, 1853, in Buffalo, N. Y.
LOVE, WILLIAM C., lawyer, congress
man, was born in Virginia. He was a rep
resentative in congress from North Caro
lina from 1815 to 1817.
LOVE, WILLIAM DE LOSS, clergyman,
author, was born in 1819 in New York. He
is a congregational clergyman; and the au
thor of Wisconsin in the War of the Re
bellion.
LOVE, WILLIAM DE LOSS, clergyman,
author, was born in 1851 in Connecticut.
He is a congregational clergyman, pastor
in Hartford, Conn., since 1885, and the
author of The Fast and Thanksgiving
Days of New England.
LOVE, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, farmer,
state senator, congressman, was born
March 29, 1852, near Liberty, Miss. He
was brought up on
the farm, and is now
engaged in agricul
ture. When twenty-
one years of age, he
was elected to repre
sent Amite county in
the legislature,
which position he
held for ten years,
and was then elected
state senator for
eight years. He was
a delegate to the con
stitutional convention of Mississippi in
1890; and was chairman of the finance
committee of the senate when elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
LOVEJOY, ELIJAH PARISH, journal
ist, abolitionist, was born Nov. 9, 1802, in
Albion, Maine. He began the publication
of the St. Louis Observer; attacked slav
ery; and in 1836 his office was mobbed.
He re-established his paper in Alton; and
his, press was destroyed in 1837. A third
time his office was destroyed; and on
Nov. 7, 1837, he shot one of his assailants,
and was himself shot dead.
LOVEJOY, OWEN, clergyman, legislat
or, congressman, was born Jan. 6, 1811, in
Albion, Maine. He was a clergyman of
the congregational church at Princeton,
111., from 1838 to 1854. He resigned his
pastoral duties to take a seat in the Illi
nois legislature in the latter year. In 1856
he was elected a representative from that
state to the thirty-fifth congress; and was
re-elected to the thirty-sixth, thirty-
seventh, and thirty-eighth congresses.
He died March 25, 1864, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
LOVELACE, FRANCIS, colonial gov
ernor, was born about 1630, in England.
He succeeded Richard Nicolls as gov
ernor of New York in May, 1667, and de
veloped more fully the extortionate and
arbitrary system of government that he
found in practice there.
LOVELL, CHARLES SWAIN, soldier,
was born Feb. 13, 1811, in Hull, Mass.
He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for
gallantry at Gaines's Mills, colonel for
Malvern Hill, and brigadier-general
United States army for Antietam. He
died Jan. 3, 1871, in Louisville, Ky.
LOVELL, FREDERICK SOLON, sol
dier, lawyer, state legislator, was born
Nov. 1, 1814, in Charleston, N. H. In 1857
he sat in the Wisconsin legislature, and
was a commissioner to revise the state
statutes, and in 1858 he was speaker of the
assembly. He died May 14, 1878, in Ken-
osha, Wis.
LOVELL, JAMES, congressman, was
born Oct. 31, 1737, in Boston, Mass. He
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1776 to 1782. In 1786 he was col
lector of customs for Boston, and was sub
sequently naval officer for Boston and
Charlestown, in which station he re
mained until his death. He died July 14,
1814, in Boston, Mass.
LOVELL, MANSFIELD, soldier, was
born Oct. 20, 1822, in. Washington, D. C.
He served with distinction through the
Mexican and civil wars; and attained the
rank of major-general.
LOVELL, VINCENT S., journalist. For
many years he was connected with the
Albany Argus as managing editor; he
subsequently removed to Chicago and be
came associate editor of the Post and
Mail. The last fifteen years of his life
were spent in Elgin.
LOVEMAN, ROBERT, author, poet,
was born in 1864 in Ohio. He is a writer
of Dalton, Ga., whose poetry displays
much quiet beauty of thought and ex
pression. He has published one volume
entitled Poems.
LOVERING, HENRY B., soldier, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
8, 1841, in Portsmouth, N. H. In 1862 he
enlisted in the eighth regiment of Massa
chusetts volunteer militia, and served a
full term. He was a representative in the
Massachusetts legislature in 1872 and 1874.
He was elected a representative from
Massachusetts to the forty-eighth con
gress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth congress as a democrat.
LOVERING, JOSEPH, physicist, edu
cator, was born Dec. 25, 1813, in Boston,
Mass. In 1836 he was appointed tutor in
mathematics and physics in Harvard, and
two years later was made Hollis professor
of mathematics and natural philosophy.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN ElOGRAPaY.
LOVERING, WILLIAM C., manufac
turer, state senator, congressman, was
born in Rhode Island. He served for a
short period in the war as engineer at
Fort Monroe; and retired from the ser
vice an invalid. He was state senator for
two years from Massachusetts in 1874-75.
He was nominated by acclamation in the
congressional convention of the twelfth
district in 1896, and elected to the fifty-
fifth congress.
LOVETT, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Norwich, Conn. He was a mem
ber of the New York assembly in 1800
and 1801; and was a representative in
congress from that state from 1813 to
1814, and from 1815 to 1817. He died in
1818 in Ohio.
LOVETT, ROBERT WATKINS, physi
cian, clergyman, was born Nov. 11, 1818,
in Screven county, Ga. He graduated
from Emory college, Georgia, with dis
tinction in 1843; and from the Georgia
Medical college of Augusta in 1844. In
1865 he was a delegate to the Georgia con
stitutional convention; was a delegate to
the general conference of the methodist
episcopal church south in 1870, 1874 and
in 1878. He has attained success as a
physician and clergyman in Mobley, Ga.
LOVEWELL, JOHN, centenarian, was
born in 1634 in England. He was an en
sign in Oliver Cromwell's army about
1653, afterward emigrated to New Eng
land, settled in Weymouth, Mass., and was
with Capt. Benjamin Church during King
Philip's war and in the Narragansett
Swamp fight in 1675. He died about 1754
in Dunstable, Mass.
LOW, FREDERICK FERDINAND, con
gressman, governor, was born June 30,
1828, in Frankfort, Maine. He was a rep
resentative from California to the thirty-
seventh congress, taking his seat during
the second session thereof. He was gov
ernor of California from 1863 to 1865.
He was appointed minister to China in
1871; and was empowered to negotiate a
treaty with Corea.
LOW, ISAAC, merchant, congressman,
was born about 1735 near New Brunswick,
N. J. He was a delegate to the conti
nental congress in 1774 and 1775. He was
a member of the New York provincial
congress in 1775, but was arrested in 1776
on suspicion of holding correspondence
with the enemy. In 1782 he was president
of the New York chamber of commerce.
He died in 1791 in England.
LOW, JAMES E., surgeon, was born in
1837, in Otsego county, N. Y. He has
made a number of innovations in the
science of dentistry, and through his
advanced ideas has contributed material
ly to its progress.
LOW, PHILIP BURRILL, soldier, mer
chant, congressman, was born May 6,
1836, in Chelsea, Mass. He was appoint
ed acting ensign in
the United States
navy and served in
the North Atlantic
squadron during
1862-63. He resigned
and entered commer
cial circles of Bos
ton until 1865, when
he removed to New
York, where he has
since been identified
with the shipping
and maritime inter
ests. He received the nomination for con
gress by acclamation in 1894 as the repub
lican candidate in the fifteenth New York
district; and was elected to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
LOW, SAMUEL, poet, was born Dec. 12,
1765. He published his Poems in two vol
umes in 1800. The first piece is an ode
on the death of Washington, which was
recited by John Hodgkinson in the New
York theater on Jan. 8, 1800.
LOW, SETH, merchant, was born Jan.
18, 1850, in Brooklyn, N. Y. He was a
founder of the Brooklyn bureau of chari
ties and its first president. He was the
first mayor in the state to introduce the
system of competitive examination for ap
pointments to municipal offices.
LOW, WILL HICOK, artist, was born
May 31, 1853, in Albany, N. Y. He was
one of the founders of the Society of
American Artists. Among his works are
Nine of the First Empire; Portrait of
Mile. Albani; Calling Home the Cows;
Skipper Ireson; Arcades; and Telling the
Bees. He has illustrated two volumes of
Keat's poems, the Lamia and Odes and
Sonnets, and has done some good work in
stained-glass and house decoration.
LOWATER, CHARLES T., poet. He is
a writer of Rock Elm, Wis. ; and his
poems have appeared in the leading
newspapers and magazines of Wisconsin.
LOWBER, JAMES WILLIAM, educator,
clergyman, lecturer, was born in 1847 in
Chaplin, Ky. He attended the univer
sity of Indianapolis,
from which institu
tion he received the
degrees of A. B. and
A. M. ; then attended
the Syracuse univer
sity, graduating from
the classical course
with the degree of
Ph. D. For many
years he was the ed
itor of The Apos
tolic Church, of
Louisville, Ky. He
has been president of the Columbia Chris
tian college; and has filled pastorates in
Scranton, Pa.; Louisville and Paducah,
Ky. ; Fort Worth, Galveston, and Austin,
Texas, in which latter city he now re
sides. He is the author of Culture; Strug
gles and Triumphs of the Truth; and
other works.
LOWE, DAVID PEARLY, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 22, 1823, in
Oneida county, N. Y. He was a member of
the state senate in Kansas in 1863 and
1864; and judge of the sixth judicial court
of Kansas from 1867 to 1871. He was
elected to the forty-second and forty-
third congresses as a republican.
LOWE, ENOCH L., governor, was born
in Maryland. In 1851 he was elected gov
ernor of that state, serving until 1854.
LOWE, JOHN CUPP, educator, lawyer,
poet, was born Dec. 6, 1873, in Stella,
Neb. For several years he taught short
hand in a business college in Omaha, in
which city he has been United States cir
cuit court clerk, and held various other
public positions of trust. He contributes
extensively to the periodical press, and is
the author "of several poems of merit.
LOWE, JOHN WILLIAMSON, soldier,
was born Nov. 9, 1809, in New Brunswick,
N. J. He was a captain in the second Ohio
volunteers during the Mexican war, and
in the beginning of the civil war joined
the national army as captain of the first
company that was raised in Greene coun
ty. He died Sept. 10, 1861, in Nicholas
county, Va.
LOWE, JOSEPH G., lawyer, legislator,
was born Dec. 31, 1846, in Rush county,
Ind. He is an eminent attorney of Wash
ington, Kan., and has served as a member
of the lower house of the Kansas legis
lature. In 1895 he was appointed state
railroad commissioner of Kansas.
LOWE, MRS. MARTHA ANN [PER
RY], author, poet, was born Nov. 21, 1829,
in Keene, N. H. She is a poet of Somer-
ville, Mass., whose husband, Charles Lowe,
was a Unitarian minister of prominence.
She is the author of The Olive and the
Pine, a book of verse; Love in Spain, and
Other Poems; The Story of Chief Joseph,
a poem; and Life of Charles Lowe.
LOWE, RALPH P., lawyer, jurist, gov
ernor, was born in 1805 in Montgomery
county, Ohio. In 1849 he removed to Keo-
kuk, Iowa; and in 1853 was elected judge
of the first judicial district. In 1857, while
serving his second term as district judge,
he was elected governor of the state; and
before the close of his term was elected
a judge of the state supreme court for the
term of six years. He became chief jus
tice of that court. He died Dec. 22, 1883,
in Washington, D. C.
LOWE, THADDEUS S. C., aeronaut, in
ventor, was born Aug. 20, 1832, in Jeffer
son, N. H. He invented and put into prac
tical use a portable apparatus for gener
ating hydrogen gas for war balloons. He
is the inventor of a machine for making
water gas, which is successfully used in a
number of large cities.
LOWE, WILLIAM B.. railroad presi
dent, was born in July, 1839, in Greenville,
Ga. Since 1889 he has been president of
the Columbus Southern railroad at At
lanta, Ga.
LOWE, WILLIAM MANNING, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born in Hunts-
ville, Ala. He entered the confederate
army as a private and rose to the rank of
lieutenant-colonel. He was solicitor of
the fifth judicial circuit of Alabama in
1865-68; and was a representative in the
state legislature in 1870; and was elected
a representative from Alabama to the
forty-sixth congress.
LOWE, WILLIAM WARREN, soldier,
was born Oct. 12, 1831, in Indiana. He
was brevetted colonel and brigadier-gen
eral for services in the war, and promoted
major in 1866. He built on the Salmon
river the first smelting works in Idaho,
and more recently prospected for petrole
um in Wyoming territory, and discovered
a well of lubricating oil on the Little
Popoagie river.
LOWELL, ABBOTT LAWRENCE, ed
ucator, lawyer, lecturer, author, was born
Dec. 13, 1856, in Boston, Mass. He is a
successful lawyer in his native city; and
has been a lecturer in the Harvard uni
versity. He is the author of Essays on
Government; Governments and Parties
of Continental Europe; and other works.
LOWELL, MRS. ANNA CABOT [JACK
SON], was born in 1819 in Boston, Mass.
She is the author of Theory of Teaching;
Edward's First Lessons in Grammar and
Geometry; Outlines of Astronomy; Let
ters to Madame Pulksky; Seed Grains for
Thought; and several compilations. She
died Jan. 7, 1874, in Cambridge, Mass.
LOWELL, CHARLES, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 15, 1782, in Boston,
Mass. He was a prominent Unitarian
clergyman of Boston, pastor of the West
Church from 1806 until his death. He was
the author of Occasional Sermons; Practi
cal Sermons; Meditations for the Afflict
ed; and Devotional Exercises for Com
municants. He died Jan. 28, 1861, in
Boston, Mass.
LOWELL, EDWARD JACKSON, law
yer, author, was born Oct. 18, 1845, in
Boston, Mass. He was a lawyer of Bos
ton; and the author of The Hessians and
Other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain
in the Revolutionary War; and The Eve
of the French Revolution. He died in
1894.
HERRINGSHAW'9 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHV.
601
LOWELL, FRANCIS CABOT, merchant,
was born April 7, 1775, in Newburyport.
In 1813 he became convinced that it was
practicable to introduce cotton manufac
ture into the United States, and the re
sult was the establishment of factories at
Waltham, Mass., and finally, after his
death, the foundation of the city of Low
ell, which was named in his honor. He
died Aug. 10, 1817, in Boston, Mass.
LOWELL. FRANCIS CABOT, lawyer,
author, was born in 1855 in Massachusetts.
He is a Boston lawyer; and the author
of Joan of Arc, a valuable historical biog
raphy.
LOWELL, JAMES RUSSELL, author,
poet, was born Feb. 22, 1819, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He was born in Cambridge,
and was graduated
from Harvard uni
versity in 1839,
where he succeeded
Longfellow as pro
fessor of belles-let
tres in 1855. He was
one of the founders
of The Atlantic
Monthly, editing that
periodical from the
start in 1857 until
1862, and co-editor of
The North American
Review during 1863-72. In 1877 he was
appointed minister to Spain, and in 1878
transferred to England, where he re
mained as minister until 1885. His po
etical works are: A Year's Life; Poems;
The Vision of Sir Launfal; A Fable for
Critics; The Biglow Papers; Poems; The
Commemoration Ode; The Biglow Pa
pers, second series; Under the Willows,
and Other Poems; Three Memorial Poems;
Heartsease and Rue; and Last Poems.
In prose his writing comprises Conversa
tions with Some of the Old Poets; Life
of Keats; Fireside Travels; The Presi
dent's Policy; Among My Books; My
Study Windows; Among My Books, sec
ond series; Democracy, and Other Ad
dresses; Political Essays; Latest Liter
ary Essays and Addresses; The Old En
glish Dramatists; and Letters, edited by
C. E. Norton. He died Aug. 12, 1891.
LOWELL. JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born June 17, 1743, in New
buryport. Mass. He settled in Boston as
a lawyer; was a delegate to the conti
nental congress from 1782 to 1783; arid
was a member of the convention which
framed the constitution of Massachusetts.
He was appointed judge of the district
court for the Massachusetts district in
1789; and in 1801 was appointed chief
justice of the first circuit. He was one
of the founders of the American Academy
of Arts and Sciences. He wrote an En
glish poem, No. 3, in the Pietas, printed
at Cambridge. He died May 10, 1802, in
Roxbury, Mass.
LOWELL, JOHN, political writer, was
born Oct. 6, 1769, in Newburyport. He
was for many years president of the State
Agricultural society, inherited his fath
er's love for horticulture, and has been
called the Columella of the New England
States. Among his political pamphlets,
of which he published about twenty-five,
are Peace without Dishonor — War with
out Hope, an Inquiry into the Subject of
the Chesapeake; Candid Comparison of
the Washington and Jefferson Administra
tions; Diplomatick Policy of Mr. Madison
Unveiled. He died March 12, 1840, in
Boston, Mass.
LOWELL, JOHN, philanthropist, was
born May 11, 1779, in Boston, Mass. He
bequeathed $250,000 for the maintenance
in Boston of annual courses of free public
lectures on religion, science and the arts.
This establishment, the Lowell institute,
went into operation in the winter of 1839-
40, and has been continued since that
time with eminent success. He died
March 4, 1836, in India.
LOWELL, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was
born Oct. 18, 1824, in Boston, Mass. In
1865 he was appointed United States dis
trict judge for the district of Massachu
setts; and in 1878 was appointed judge of
the United States circuit court.
LOWELL, MRS. JOSEPHINE [SHAW],
author, was born Dec. 16, 1843, in West
Roxbury, Mass. She is a philanthropist
of New York city; and the author of
Public Relief and Private Charity.
LOWELL, JOSHUA A., educator, law
yer, congressman, was born March 20,
1801, in Thomaston, Maine. He was a
member of the Maine legislature in 1832,
1833, 1835, and 1837; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Maine from
1839 to 1843. He was a presidential elec
tor in 1844. He died March 13, 1874, in
Machias, Maine.
LOWELL, MRS. MARIA [WHITE],
poet, was born July 8, 1821, in Watertown,
Mass. She was the first wife of J. R.
Lowell; and the author of a volume of
poems. The Alpine Sheep is her best
known poem. She died Oct. 27, 1853, in
Cambridge, Mass.
LOWELL, PERCIVAL, author, was
born in 1855 in Massachusetts. He is a
Boston writer, traveler, and astronomical
investigator; and the author of Choson,
a sketch of Korea; The Soul of the Far
East; Noto: an Unexplored Corner of
Japan; Occult Japan; and Mars.
LOWELL, ROBERT TRAILL SPENCE,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Oct. 8, 1816, in Boston, Mass. He was an
episcopal clergyman and educator, head
master of St. Mark's school of Southbor-
ough in 1869-73, and professor of Latin
at Union college in 1873-79. After the lat
ter date he continued to live at Schenec-
tady, which is the locale of his book, A
Story or Two from an Old Dutch Town,
as Southborough suggests that of his pop
ular story of school life, Antony Brade.
His other works include The New Priest
in Conception Bay, a novel of life in New
foundland, the scene of his first rector
ship; and Fresh Hearts that Failed Three
Thousand Years Ago, and Other Poems.
The Defence of Lucknow is his most fa
miliar poem. He died in 1891.
LOWER, CHRISTIAN, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1805 to 1807.
LOWNDES, LLOYD, lawyer, banker, leg
islator, governor, was born Feb. 21,1845, in
Clarksburg, W. .Va. He received his edu
cation at the Wash
ington college, and
at the Alleghany
college of Pennsyl
vania. He removed
to Cumberland, Md.;
and was elected to
the forty-third con
gress as a republic
an. He served with
distinction as gov
ernor of Maryland;
and for many years
has been president of
the Second National bank of Cumberland.
LOWNDES, RAWLINS, lawyer, jurist,
statesman, was born in 1722, in the West
Indies. In 1766 he was appointed asso
ciate justice in Charleston, S. C. He be
came a member of the state legislature;
and in 1778 was president of the province.
He died Aug. 24, 1800, in Charleston, S. C.
LOWNDES, THOMAS, congressman,
was born in 1765 in Charleston, S. C. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1801 to 1805. He
died July 8, 1843, in Charleston, S. C.
LOWNDES, WILLIAM JONES, con
gressman, was born Feb. 7, 1782, in
Charleston, S. C. He served in the South
Carolina state legislature in 1806 and 1808;
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1811 to 1822. He died Nov.
22, 1822, at sea.
LOWREY, WILLIAM TYNDALE, cler
gyman, college president, was born March
3, 1858, in Tishomingo county, Miss. Since
1885 he has been president of the Blue
Mountain Female college.
LOWRIE, JOrtN CAMERON, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 16, 1808, in
Butler, Pa. He is a presbyterian clergy
man of New York city; and the author
of Travels in Northern India; Two Years
in Upper India; Manual of Foreign Mis
sions; Missionary Papers; and Presby
terian Missions.
LOWRIE, JOHN MARSHALL, clergy
man, author, was born July 16, 1817, in
Pittsburg, Pa. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of New Jersey; and the author
of Esther and Her Times; Adam and His
Times; A Week with Jesus; The Trans
lated Prophet; The Prophet Elisha; and
The Life of David. He died Sept. 26, 1867,
in Fort Wayne, Ind.
LOWRIE, SAMUEL THOMPSON, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born Feb. 8,
1835, in Pittsburg, Pa. he holds the office
of chaplain to the Presbyterian hospital in
Philadelphia. He was associated in the
translation of the volumes on Isaiah and
Numbers of Lange's Commentaries; wrote
Explanation of Hebrews; and translated
Cremer's Beyond the Grave.
LOWRIE, WALTER, United States sen
ator, was born Dec. 10, 1784, in Scotland.
He was a senator in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1819 to 1825. He was sec
retary of the United States senate from
1825 to 1836; and was subsequently ap
pointed secretary of the board of foreign
missions, which position he held for
thirty years. He died Dec. 14, 1868, in
New York city.
LOWRIE, WALTER HOGE, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 3, 1807, in Arm
strong county, Pa. He was chosen presi
dent judge of a judicial district in west
ern Pennsylvania, where he remained
until his death. He died Nov. 14, 1876, in
Meadville, Pa.
LOWRY, JOSEPH EUGENE, railroad
manager, was born Jan. 28, 1863, in York-
ville, S. C. Since 1881 he has been in the
railroad service as assistant superintend
ent of transportation; and since 1892 as
car accountant of the Savannah, Ameri-
cus and Montgomery railroad at Ameri-
cus, Ga.
LOWRY, JOSEPH HENRY, educator,
clergyman, was born April 13, 1852, in
Monroe county, Tenn. He received the
rudiments of his education in the dis
trict schools; then attended the Bolivar
Male academy of Madisonville, Tenn., and
the Hiwassee college, from which institu
tion he graduated in 1880 with the degree
of B. S. In 1880 he was licensed to preach,
and three years later was ordained a cler
gyman in the presbyterian church. He
has filled chairs in Cain Creek academy,
Loudon college and Hiwassee college; has
been county superintendent of public in
struction for Monroe county, during
1887-91, and has attained success as a
clergyman in Tennessee, and now fills a
pastorate in Kincaid.
602
HERRINQ8HAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LOWRY, ROBERT, lawyer, Jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1824 in Ireland.
In 1843 he moved to Fort Wayne, Ind.,
and was elected city
recorder. In 1852 he
was appointed cir
cuit judge to fill a
vacancy, and was a
candidate for con
gress in 1866, and al
so in 1868. In 1860 he
was president of the
democratic state con
vention; and was a
delegate to the dem
ocratic national con
vention. In 1864 he
was elected circuit judge for a term of
six years. During 1846-67 he resided in
Goshen, and in the latter year returned
to Fort Wayne. In 1870 he was elected
circuit judge without opposition; and was
a delegate to the democratic national con
vention of 1872. He was appointed judge
of the then recently created superior
court, and in 1878 was elected to that
position for a term of four years. In 1879
was elected the first president of the In
diana State Bar association. He was
elected a representative from Indiana to
the forty-eighth congress, and was re-
elected to the forty-ninth congress as a
democrat.
LOWRY, ROBERT J., banker. He is
the president of the Lowry Banking com
pany of Atlanta, Ga., and in 1897 was
elected president of the American Bank
ers' association.
LOWRY, SAMUEL E., poet, was born
Aug. 23, 1863, in West Salem, Ohio. He is
the author of a number of poems.
LOWRY, THOMAS, railroad president,
was born in 1843 in Southern Illinois. He
is president of the Minneapolis, St. Paul
and Sault Ste. Marie railway.
LOY, MATTHIAS, theologian, college
president, author, was born March 17,
1828, in Cumberland county, Pa. In 1881
he was elected president of Capital uni
versity. He has been editor of the Luth
eran Standard since 1864, and in 1881 he
began the publication of the Columbus
Theological Magazine. He has published
The Doctrine of Justification; Life of
Luther, translated; and Essay on the Min
isterial Office.
LOYALL, GEORGE, public official, con
gressman, was born May 29, 1789, in Nor
folk, Va. In 1817 he was elected a mem
ber of the house of delegates of Virginia,
and served ten years. In 1829 he was a
member of the convention to amend the
state constitution, and from 1831 to 1837
was a representative in congress. In 1837
he was appointed navy agent at Norfolk,
and, with the exception of two years, oc
cupied that position until the breaking
out of the rebellion.
LOZIER, CHARLOTTE IRENE, physi
cian, educator, was born March 15, 1844,
in Milburn, N. J. She was graduated in
1867 at the New York Medical college and
hosoital for women. In 1868 she was
called to fill the chair of physiology and
hygiene in that institution, which posi
tion she held until her death. She died
Jan. 3, 1870, in New York city.
LOZIER, CLEMENCE SUr'HIA, physi
cian, was born Dec. 11, 1812, in Plainfield,
N. J. In 1860 she began a course of lec
tures on medical subjects in her own par
lors, which in 1863 resulted in the found
ing of the New York Medical college and
hospital for women, where she was clin
ical professor of diseases of women and
children, and also dean of the faculty, for
more than twenty years. She died April
26, 1888, in New York city.
LUBBOCK, FRANCIS R., farmer, mer
chant, governor, was born Oct. 16, 1815, in
Beaufort, S. C. He served as chief clerk
in the Texas house of representatives;
clerk of district court, comptroller, and
other offices of the republic of Texas. He
filled the high office of governor, lieuten
ant-governor, state treasurer, and other
offices in the state of Texas. For many
years he was engaged in the mercantile
business, and as a farmer and ranchman.
In 1863 he entered the confederate army
as an adjutant-general; served on the staff
of President Davis as colonel of cavalry;
and was captured with him and impris-
soned in solitary confinement for about
eight months at Fort Delaware.
LUBKE, GEORGE WILLIAM, lawyer,
jurist, was born Feb. 22, 1845, in St. Louis,
Mo. In 1882 he was elected judge of the
circuit court of St. Louis, resigning in
1889, when he resumed the practice of
law in St. Louis.
LUCAS, DANIEL BEDINGER, lawyer,
jurist, author, poet, was born March 16,
1836, in Charleston, W. Va. He is the son
of William Lucas, a
distinguished mem-
ber of congress from
Virginia. In 1855 he
.unuluated from the
university of Virgin
ia; and in 1858 in
law from the Wash
ington college, Vir
ginia. He began the
practice of his pro
fession in Charles
ton, W. Va., and re
moved to Richmond
two years later. During the war he served
on the staff of Gen. Henry A. Wise in the
Kanawna valley, and in 1867 resumed law
in Charleston. He was democratic presi
dential elector in 1872, 1876 and 1884; was
chosen to the legislature in 1884-86, and
in 1887 was appointed by the governor to
the United States senate. In 1890 he was
nominated and elected judge of the su
preme court of appeals; and the following
year was elected president of the court,
which office he now holds. He is a bril
liant speaker, and the author of the
Memoir of John Yates Bell; The Wreath
of Eglantine, and Other Poems; The Maid
of Northumberland; Ballads and Madri
gals; and other works. His poem entitled
The Land Where We Were Dreaming,
has attracted much attention in the south.
LUCAS, EDWARD, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1833
to 1837; and was subsequently appointed
government superintendent at Harper's
Ferry, where he died March 4, 1858.
LUCAS, GEORGE WASHINGTON, mu
sician, composer, was born April 12, 1800,
in Glastonbury, Conn. He delivered more
than one thousand public lectures, taught
more than fifty thousand people to sing,
and arranged and conducted the music on
more than one thousand public occasions.
He published much music, including an
Ordination Anthem. He died about 1880
in Hampshire county. Conn.
LUCAS, HARVEY R., lawyer, legislator,
was born Oct. 6, 1866, near Wetumka, Ala.
He is now a successful lawyer of Star
City, Ark., of which city he has been
mayor. In 1897 he was elected to the
general assembly of the Arkansas state
legislature.
LUCAS, JOHN BAPTIST CHARLES,
lawyer, jurist, legislator, congressman,
was born in 1762 in France. In 1792 he
was elected to the legislature of Pennsyl
vania; and served as a judge of the court
of common pleas for his district. In 1802
he was elected a representative in con
gress, and re-elected in 1804. In 1805 he-
was appointed judge of the United States
court in upper Louisiana, and removed
to St. Louis. He was also commissioner
of land titles in that territory, and held
the office of judge until 1820, when he re
tired to private life on a farm adjoining
the city of St. Louis. He died Aug. 17,
1842. in St. Louis. Mo.
LUCAS, ROBERT, soldier, legislator,
governor, was born April 1, 1781, in Shep-
herdstown, Va. He was brigadier-general
of Ohio militia in defense of the frontier
in 1813. He was a member of the Ohio,
legislature in 1814. He was governor of
Ohio from 1832 to 1836; and first terri
torial governor of Iowa from 1838 to 1841.
He died Feb. 7, 1858, in Iowa City, Iowa.
LUCAS, S. DECATUR, educator, college
president, was born March 8, 1860, in Gal-
latin county, Ky. He has become promi
nent as an educator; and is the president
of the Jeff Davis college of Minden, La.
LUCAS, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1839
to 1841, and from 1843 to 1845.
LUCAS, WILLIAM V., soldier, farmer,
congressman, was born July 3, 1835, in
Delphi, Ind. He entered the military
service as a private soldier in the four
teenth Iowa infantry, and in 1863 was
promoted to the captaincy of the com-
7jany. He was chief clerk of the Iowa
house of representatives, the seventeenth
and eighteenth sessions; and was mayor
of Mason City, Iowa. He was elected audi
tor of the state in 188o. He moved to the
then territory of Dakota in 1883, at Cham
berlain, and engaged in farming. In 1887
he was elected treasurer of Brule county,
and before his term expired was appointed
commandant of the Soldiers' home at Hot
Springs, S. D., where he moved in 1890,
and was elected as a republican to the
fifty-third congress.
LUCE, CLINTON LYSANDER, journal
ist, poet, was born Sept. 28, 1854, in Stowe,
Vt. In 1882 he became editor and pro
prietor of The Albert Lea Enterprise.
LUCE, CYRUS GRAY, governor, was
born July 2, 1824, in Windsor, Ohio. In
1887 he was elected governor of Michigan,
resigning in 1891.
LUCE, MOSES A., soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, was born May 14, 1842, in Payson, 111.
He received his education in the common
schools and gradu
ated from Hillsdale
college. Michigan,
and from the Albany
Law school. He en
listed in the fourth
regiment of the
Michigan volunteer
infantry; took part
in a score or more
battles and engage
ments; and for gal
lant conduct at the
battle of Spottsyl-
vania. while with the forlorn hope in the
assault of May 12, he was decorated with
the medal of honor by the secretary of
war. After graduating he began the prac
tice of law at Bushnell, of which city 'he
was its first city attorney. In 1872 he was
the candidate of his party for the state
senate. The following year he moved to
California, settled in San Diego, and two
years later was elected judge of the su
perior county court. He took an acuve
movement to bring the Atchison, Topeka
and Santa Fe road to San Diego, and in
1880 he was elected vice-president of the
California Southern Railroad company.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
603"
LUCE, STEPHEN BLEECKER, naval
officer, author, was born March 25, 1827,
in Albany, N. Y. In 1841 he entered the
United States army, and retired as rear-
admiral on March 25, 1889. He was com-
mander-in-chief of the North Atlantic
station and president of the United States
Naval War college of Newport, R. I., of
which institution he was the founder. He
was commissioner-general to the quadro-
centennial of the Columbian exposition,
Madrid, and was president of the United
States Naval institute. He was also as
sociate editor of Johnson's Universal En
cyclopedia; a member of the editorial
staff of the Standard Dictionary; and the
author of Seamanship, a text-book used
at the Naval academy for the past thirty
years. He has published under the title
of Naval Songs, a collection of original,
selected and traditional sea songs, which
includes the music; and has contributed
extensively to current literature.
LUCKENBACH, ABRAHAM, mission
ary, author, was born May 5, 1777, in
Lehigh county, Pa. He was a missionary
of the Moravian church among the Dela
ware Indians, laboring till 1843, when he
retired to Bethlehem. He edited the sec
ond edition of David Zeisberger's Dela
ware Hymn-Book; and published in the
Delaware language Select Narratives from
the Old Testament. He died March 8.
1854, in Bethlehem, Pa.
LUCKETT, S. M., clergyman, college
president, was born April 9, 1835, in Rus-
sellville, Ky. He is a clergyman of the
Presbyterian church, and has been presi
dent of the Austin college of Sherman,
Texas, for seventeen years.
LUCKEY, GEORGE J., soldier, edu
cator, was born Oct. 2, 1838, in Black-
horse, Md. He commenced educational
work in 1856, and taught in Ohio. He
served in me civil war, and was present
at the siege of Richmond and Petersburg.
For the past thirty-one years he has been
superintendent of the Pittsburg schools,
Pennsylvania.
LUCKEY, SAMUEL, clergyman, jour
nalist, author, was born April 4, 1791, in
Rensselaerville, N. Y. From 1842 till his
death he was a presiding elder in the
Rochester, N. Y., circuit, and for nine
years chaplain of the Monroe county pen
itentiary. He published a Treatise on the
Sacrament. He died Oct. 11, 1869, in Roch
ester, N. V.
LUDERS, CHARLES HENRY, poet,
was born in 1858 in Pennsylvania. He was
a poet of Philadelphia; and the author of
The Dead Nymph, and Other Poems; and
Hallo, My Fancy, a collection of poems.
He died in 1891.
LUDINGTON, HARRISON, governor,
was born in Putnam county, N. Y. He
moved to Milwaukee in 1838, and was
three times mayor of that city, in
1871-72 and 1875. He resigned before the
close of his last term to accept the office
of governor of Wisconsin.
LUDLAM, REUBEN, physician, author,
was born Oct. 7, 1831, in Camden, N. J.
He is a Chicago physician, dean of the
Hahnemann Medical college, and the au
thor of Clinical Lectures on Diphtheria;
and Clinical Lectures on Diseases of
Women.
LUDLOW, FITZHUGH, journalist, au
thor, was born Sept. 11, 1836, in New .York
city. He was a litterateur and journalist
of New York city, and the author of The
Hasheesh-Eater; The Opium Habit; The
Heart of the Continent; Little Brother,
and Other Genre Pictures; and Augustus
Jones. He died Sept. 12, 1870, in Geneva,
Wis.
LUDLOW, GEORGE CRAIG, state sen
ator, governor, was born April 6, 1830, in
Milford, N. J. In 1876 he was elected a
state senator, and in the second year of
his term was made president of the senate.
He declined a renomination, and in 1880
was elected governor of New Jersey for
the term of three years from 1881.
LUDLOW, GEORGE DUNCAN, lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1734 on Long Island,
N. Y. He settled in New Brunswick,
where he was a member of the first col
onial council; administered the govern
ment as senior councilor, and in 1784 be
came the first chief justice of the supreme
court. He died Nov. 13, 1808, in Frederic-
ton, N. B.
LUDLOW, HENRY GILBERT, inventor,
manufacturer, was born March 28, 1823,
in Troy, N. Y. In 1866, the Ludlow Valve
Manufacturing com
pany was incorporat
ed and began opera
tions in a shop in
5k ~ .^ Second street in
* fif- Waterford, N. Y. As
the valve became
known, there gradu
ally grew up a de
mand for it, with the
result of creating a
large and to this day
an increasing busi
ness. The Ludlow
company are now the largest manufactu
rers of these specialties and of hydrants
in the world.
LUDLOW, JAMES MEEKER, clergy
man, author, was born in 1841 in New Jer
sey. He is a presbyterian clergyman of
East Orange. N. J., from 1886, and the
author of My Saint John; Concentric
Chart of History; The Captain of the
Janizaries, a tale of the times of Scander-
beg; A King of Tyre, a tale of the times
of Ezra and Nehemiah; and That Angelic
Woman, a novel.
LUDLOW, JAMES REILLY, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 3, 1825, in Albany, N.
Y. In 1857 he was chosen judge of the
court of common pleas in Philadelphia.
He filled this office until 1875, when,
under the new constitution of the state,
he was transferred to the president judge-
ship of the court of common pleas, which
place he held at the time of his death.
He died Sept. 20, 1886, in Philadelphia, Pa.
LUDLOW, NOAH MILLER, actor, au
thor, was born July 4, 1795, in New York
city. He was an actor and theatrical
manager in the southern states; and the
author of Dramatic Life as I Found It. He
died Jan. 9, 1886, in St. Louis, Mo.
LUDWIG, CLARENCE S., educator. He
is a successful educator and writer of
Delphos, Ohio.
LUDWIG, HENRY THOMAS JEFFER
SON, educator, scientist, was born Jan. 17,
1843, near Mount Pleasant, N. C. He re
ceived his education in the public schools,
and at the North Carolina college. Dur
ing a quarter of a century's educational
work in the North Carolina college, he
taught political economy, and is at pres
ent a director of his alma mater. He has
taught in every department of the college
— logic, mathematics, physics and econom
ics, and astronomy. For ten years he has
been a voluntary signal service observer.
He has been county superintendent of
public instruction; a member of the Amer
ican Mathematical society; and a member
of various other institutions of science
and learning.
LUERS, JOHN HENRY, Roman catho
lic bishop, was born Sept. 29, 1819, in
Westphalia. In 1857 the diocese of Fort
Wayne was created, comprising the north
ern part of Indiana, and Father Luers was
selected as its first bishop, and consecrat
ed in 1858. He died June 20, 1871, in
Cleveland, Ohio.
LUKENS, HENRY CLAY, journalist,
author, poet, was born Aug. 18, 1838, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a journalist of
New York city; and the author of The
Marine Circus at Cherbourg, and Other
Poems; Lean Nora, a travesty; Story of
the Types; and Jets and Flashes.
LULL, EDWARD PHELPS, naval offi
cer, was born Feb. 20, 1836, in Windsor,
Vt. He was promoted midshipman in
1855, and lieutenant in 1860. In 1862, he
had been promoted lieutenant-command
er, and in 1863 he was ordered to active
service, participating in the battle of Mo
bile Bay and subsequent engagements. H6
died March 5, 1887, in Pensacola, Fla.
LUM, DANIEL DYER, author. He was
the author of The Spiritual Delusion;
Early Social Life of Man; and Utah and
Its People.
LUMMIS, CHARLES FLETCHER, au
thor, was born in 1859 in Massachusetts.
He is a Los Angeles writer; and the auj
thor of The Land of Poco Tiempo; A
Tramp Across the Continent; The Spanish
Pioneers; The Man who Married the
Moon; Indian folk-lore stories; Some
Strange Corners of Our Country; The
Gold Fish of Grand Chimu; and A New
Mexico David, and Other Stories.
LUMPKIN, JOHN HENRY, lawyer, leg
islator, congressman, was born June 13,
1812, in Oglethorpe county, Ga. He served
as secretary in the executive department
of Georgia; and was elected to the state
legislature in 1853. In 1838 he was solicitor-
general of the Cherokee circuit. He was a
representative in congress from Georgia
from 1843 to 1849, and also elected to the
thirty-fourth congress. For three years
he held the office of judge of the Cherokee
circuit court, and that of judge of the su
preme court of the state. He died June 6,
1860, in Rome, Ga.
LUMPKIN, JOSEPH HENRY, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 23, 1799, in Ogle
thorpe county, Ga. He became one of
the foremost lawyers
of the south, and an
able jurist. He took
an active part in the
public and political
affairs of his county
and state; and con
tributed extensively
to the periodical
press on current and
judicial subjects.
The degree of LL. D.
was conferred upon
him by the Georgia
State university. He died June 4, 1867, in
Athens, Ga.
LUMPKIN, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born Dec. 12, 1848, in
Oglethorpe county, Ga. In 1877 he was
elected state senator of Georgia, and in
1884 was elected judge of the supreme
court of the northern district; and in
1890 became associate justice of Georgia.
LUMPKIN, WILSON, lawyer, governor,
United States senator, was born Jan. 14,
1783, in Pittsylvania county, Va. He was
twice elected governor of Georgia; served
in the federal house of representatives
from 1815 to 1817, and from 1827 to 1831.
In 1823 he was appointed to mark out
the boundary line between Georgia and
Florida. He was appointed a commission
er under the Cherokee treaty of 1835; was
also a member of the board of public
works, and was a senator in congress
from 1837 to 1841. He died Dec. 28, 1870,
in Athens, Ga.
€04
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LUNA, TRANQUILINO, congressman,
was born Feb. 23, 1849, in Los Lunas,
N. M. He was elected the delegate from
New Mexico to the forty-seventh congress,
and was re-elected to the forty-eighth con
gress as a republican.
LUND, MRS. MARY DWINELL (CHEL-
LIS), author, was born in New Hamp
shire. She is a prolific writer of Sunday-
school fiction, among whose works are,
All for Money; Old Sunapee; Fife and
Drum; Good Work; Mystery of the Lodge;
and Father Merrill.
LUNDY, BENJAMIN, philanthropist,
was born Jan. 4, 1789, in Hartwick, N. Y.
As early as 1815 he founded an anti-slav
ery association called
the Union Humane
society. In the
cause to which he
was devoted he jour
neyed more than five
thousand miles on
foot, and over twen
ty thousand miles in
other ways. He was
the first abolitionist
editor and lecturer in
America. His Life,
Travels and Opin
ions, by T. Earl, appeared in 1847. He
died Aug. 22, 1839, in Lowell, 111.
LUNDY, JOHN PATTERSON, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 3, 1823, in
Danville, Pa. He was an episcopal cler
gyman of New York city, and the author
of Review of Bishop Hopkins's Bible View
of Slavery; Monumental Christianity; and
Forestry. He died in 1892.
LUNGREN, CHARLES MARSHALL,
journalist, inventor, was born Dec. 13,
1853, in Hagerstown, Md. He has studied
the problems connected with artificial il
lumination, and has invented several ap
pliances that have come into extensive
use, notably a regenerative gas-lamp. He
is a member of scientific societies, and,
•besides writing magazine articles, has ed
ited the American edition of Alglave and
Boulard's Electric Light.
LUNGREN, FERDINAND HARVEY,
artist, was born Nov. 13, 1857, in Toledo,
Ohio. He has made many illustrations,
principally for the Century and Wide
Awake; and his paintings include Shad
ows on the Snow.
LUNGREN, SAMUEL SMITH, physi
cian, surgeon, author, was born Aug. 22,
1827, in Philadelphia. He has contributed
numerous articles to the medical press,
and is the author of a memoir on the
•Caesarean Section.
LUNT, EDWARD CLARK, author. He
is a writer on economics, and the author
of The Present Condition of Economic
Science.
LUNT, GEORGE, lawyer, author, poet,
was born Dec. 31, 1803, in Newburyport,
Mass. He was a lawyer of Newburyport,
and later a resident of Scituate, among
whose writings in poetry and prose are,
The Age of Gold, and Other Poems; Lyric
Poems; Sonnets and Miscellanies; Old
New England Traits; and Three Eras of
New England. The latest collection of
his poems was made in 1883. He died
May 17, 1885, in Boston, Mass.
LUNT, WILLIAM PARSONS, clergy
man, author, was born April 21, 1805, in
Newburyport, Mass. He was a Unitarian
•clergyman of Quincy, Mass., from 1835
•until his death, whose literary work was
much admired for the beauty of its style.
He was the author of Union of the Human
Race; and Gleanings. He died March 20,
1857, in Arabia.
LUPTON, NATHANIEL THOMAS, ed
ucator, chemist, author, was born Dec.
19, 1830, in Frederick county, Ga. He is
an educator and scientist of Alabama;
state chemist since 1885; and author of
The Elementary Principles of Scientific
Agriculture.
LUSK, WILLIAM THOMPSON, physi
cian, author, was born May 23, 1838, in
Norwich, Conn. He is a prominent ob
stetric physician of New York city, and
the author of The Science and Art of Mid
wifery.
LUTCHER, HENRY JACOB, lumber
man, was born Nov. 4, 1836, in Williams-
port, Pa. He received his education at the
free school, and at Dickinson seminary
of his native city. He commenced life as
a workman in a saw mill, and has attained
success in the lumber business at Orange,
Texas. He is senior partner in the firm
of The Lutcher and Moore Cypress Lum
ber company of Lutcher, La., said to be
the best cypress plant in the country.
This company owns half a million acres
of pine and cypress lands in Texas and
Louisiana; they own the town of Lutcher,
and the controlling interest in several
railroads and business corporations.
LUTHER, JOHN HILL, clergyman, ed
ucator, poet, was born June 21, 1824, in
Warren, R. I. He has had large experi
ence as a journalist,
clergyman, and edu
cator, and for many
years he was presi
dent of the Baylor
Female college of
Belton, Texas. He is
the author of two
volumes of poems
entitled My Verses,
and Souvenir Verses,
and has contributed
for nearly half a cen
tury, both prose and
verse, to the periodical press.
LUTHERAN, MRS. HATTIE L. HOR-
NER, author, poet, was born Feb. 5, 1864,
in Muscatine, Iowa. She is the author of
a book of travels entitled Not at Home;
and a volume of poems.
LUTKIN, PETER V., musician, com
poser, was born March 27, 1858, in Racine,
Wis. He is a successful organist, choir
master and musician of Chicago, and the
author of a number of songs, church com
positions and concert music.
LUTTRELL, JOHN K., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born June 27,
1831. in Knox co.mty, Term. He was
elected to the legislature of California in
1863, 1865 and 1871. He was elected to the
forty-third congress, and re-elected to the
forty-fourth and forty-fifth congresses as
a democrat.
LUTZ, NICHOLAS, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, was born Feb. 20,
1740, in Germany. He was captain of a
battery at the battle of Long Island, where
he was taken prisoner, but was exchanged
in 1779. He was a delegate to the Penn
sylvania convention to ratify the federal
constitution in 1787; a member of the
Pennsylvania house of representatives in
1783-94, and was appointed assistant jus
tice of Berks county courts in 1795. He
died Nov. 28, 1807, In Reading, Pa.
LYALL, JAMES, soldier, manufacturer,
inventor, was born Sept. 13, 1836, in Scot
land. At the beginning of the civil war
he served with the twelfth New York in
fantry in the defences of Washington.
In 1863 he invented a simple mixture for
enameling cloth, which was approved by
the United States government, and led to
his receiving large contracts for the man
ufacture of knapsacks and haversacks. In
1868 he invented the Lyall positive-motion
loom, which has since been adopted by
the largest mills in the United States, and
also in Europe, China and Japan.
in Tarlton, Ohio.
LYBRAND, ARCHIBALD, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born May 23, 1840,
In 1861 he enlisted as
a private in company
I, fourth Ohio volun
teer infantry; from
this regiment was
transferred to com-
p a n y E, seventy-
third Ohio volunteer
infantry, and pro
moted to first lieu
tenant. He remained
in service with the
seventy-third Ohio
volunteer infantry
for three years, and
the last two years was captain of his com
pany. In 1869 he was elected mayor of
Delaware, Ohio; is a land owner and in
terested in farming, and was appointed
postmaster at Delaware in 1881. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
LYDA, ANDREW JACKSON, clergy
man, was born Jan. 14, 1821, in Hancock,
Md. He graduated from the Augusta col
lege of Kentucky; was admitted into the
Ohio conference of the methodist epis
copal church in 1843, and was one of the
charter members of the West Virginia
conference. During the civil war he was
chaplain of the third regiment of the Vir
ginia volunteer infantry, and of the sixth
Virginia cavalry. He has been agent of
the West Virginia Conference seminary
of the methodist episcopal church; and in
1868 was a delegate to the general confer
ence held in Chicago, 111. He now fills a
pastorate in Maiden, W. Va.
LYDIUS, JOHANNES, missionary, cler
gyman, was born in Holland. He labored
in Schenectady after 1705, and from 1702
till his death did missionary work among
the Indians. He died March 1, 1709, in
Schenectady, N. Y.
LYELL, THOMAS, clergyman, was born
May 13, 1775, in Richmond county, Va.
He labored on the Frederick circuit in
Virginia, and subsequently in Providence,
R. I., and was chaplain to congress during
the closing years of the administration
of John Adams and the early part of that
of Thomas Jefferson. In 1804 he became
rector of Christ church, New York city,
where he remained for over forty years.
He was secretary of the convention of the
diocese from 1811-16. He died March 4,
1848, in New York city.
LYLE, AARON, soldier, congressman.
He was a soldier in the revolution, and
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1809 to 1817. He died
Sept. 24, 1825.
LYLE, JOHN, clergyman, was born Oct.
20, 1769, in Rockbridge county, Va. In
1807 he moved to Paris, Ky., where he
established an academy, at the same time
preaching to the churches of Cane Ridge
and Concord. He subsequently gave up
pastoral work and devoted the rest of his
life to missionary labors. He died July 22,
1825, in Paris, Ky.
LYLE, WILLIAM, author, poet, was
born Nov. 17, 1822, in Scotland. He is a
poet of Rochester, N. Y., and the author
of The Martyr Queen, and Other Poems.
LYMAN, BENJAMIN SMITH, mining
engineer, was born Dec. 11, 1835, in North
ampton, Mass. In 1873-75 he was chief
geologist and mining engineer of the geo
logical survey of Hokkaido in Japan, and
in 1876-77 of the oil lands of Japan, finally
filling a similar office on the geological
survey of Japan in 1878-89. In 1887 he
joined the corps of the geological survey
of Pennsylvania, with headquarters in
Philadelphia, Pa.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
605
LYMAN, CHARLES, soldier, lawyer,
public official, was born April 10, 1843, in
Bolton, Conn. During the war he became
a lieutenant in the fourteenth regiment
Connecticut volunteer infantry. He is a
successful lawyer of Washington, D. C. ;
and has been an official for thirty years
in the public service, as chief clerk United
States treasurer's office; chief examiner;
United States civil service commissioner;
and as president United States civil serv
ice commissioners.
LYMAN, CHESTER SMITH, educator,
astronomer, author, was born Jan. 13,
1814, in Manchester, Conn. When sur
veyor of California he sent to the eastern
states one of the earliest authentic ac
counts of the discovery of gold. He was
also one of the revisers of Webster's Dic
tionary for the edition of 1864.
LYMAN, DANIEL WANTON, philan
thropist, was born Jan. 24, 1844, in Provi
dence, R. I. For several terms he repre
sented the town of North Providence in
the general assembly. In addition to fifty
thousand dollars that he bequeathed to
Brown university, he left by his will sixty
thousand dollars to the Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Children. He
died Dec. 19, 1886, in Providence, R. I.
LYMAN, FREDERICK A., musician,
was born April 22, 1864, in Columbia,
Conn. Since 1890 he has been connected
with the American Institute of Normal
Methods, as instructor in public schools
of music. He has written a great amount
of music, including songs, school music
and church music.
LYMAN, GEORGE ALEXANDER, jour
nalist, lecturer, was born June 26, 1838, in
Winchester, N. H. In 1855 he graduated
from the Northfield
institute of North-
field, Mass. He is
the editor and own
er of The Journal of
Amboy, 111., and has
been an extensive
writer on social and
political economy,
and is known as a
champion of the
cause of popular ed-
ucation and also of
higher education. He
is a lecturer of the American Institute of
Civics, and a brilliant orator. He takes
an active part in the public affairs of his
city, county and state; is a prominent
member of several fraternal orders, in
which he has held many positions of
honor.
LYMAN, HENRY, missionary, author,
was born Nov. 23, 1809, in Northampton,
Mass. He was a missionary at Sumatra,
and was there killed by the Battahs on
June 28, 1834. He published a volume en
titled Condition of Females in Pagan
Countries.
LYMAN, HENRY MUNSON, educator,
physician, author, was born Nov. 26, 1835,
in Hawaiian Islands. He is a Chicago
physician, professor of medicine in Rush
Medical college, and the author of In
somnia and Other Disorders of Sleep; Ar
tificial Anaesthesia; and Practice of Med
icine.
LYMAN, JOSEPH, clergyman, author,
was born April 14, 1749, in Lebanon, Conn.
He was an original member of the Ameri
can Foreign Missionary society, and its
president from 1823. He published nu
merous sermons. He died March 27, 1828,
in Hatfield, Conn.
LYMAN, JOSEPH, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, congressman, was
born Sept. 13, 1840, in Lyons, Mich. He en
tered the union army in 1861, as a private
in the fourth regiment of Iowa cavalry;
rose to the rank of major, and at the time
he was mustered out of service, in 1865,
was adjutant-general of the army of the
Rio Grande. He was enrolling clerk in
the state house of representatives in 1866,
and from 1867 to 1870 was deputy collector
of internal revenue. In 1^84 he was cir
cuit judge of the thirteenth judicial dis
trict of Iowa, and in 1884 was elected a
representative from Iowa to the forty-
ninth congress, and re-elected to the fif
tieth congress as a republican.
LYMAN, JOSEPH, artist, was born July
26, 1843, in Ravenna, Ohio. His more im
portant works are Summer Night; Even
ing; Moonlight at Sunset on the Maine
Coast; Waiting for the Tide; Street in St.
Augustine, Florida.
LYMAN, JOSEPH BARDWELL, jour
nalist, author, was born Oct. 6, 1829, in
Chester, Mass. He was an agricultural
journalist of New York city, and the au
thor of Philosophy of Housekeeping; Re
sources of the Pacific States; Women of
the War; and Cotton Culture. He died
Jan. 28, 1873, in Richmond Hill, N. Y.
LYMAN, JOSEPH S., congressman, was
born in Hampden, Mass. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1819 to 1821.
LYMAN, LAURA ELIZABETH BAKER
—KATE HUNNIBEE— journalist, author,
was born April 2, 1831, in Kent's Hill,
Maine. She was long an editor of Home
Interests in the New York Tribune; and
since editor of the Dining-Room Maga
zine, and contributor to several periodi
cals.
LYMAN, SAMUEL, state legislator,
state senator, congressman. From 1786 to
1788 he served in the legislature and from
1790 to 1793 as state senator. He was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1795 to 1800, when he re
signed. He died in 1802.
LYMAN, THEODORE, philanthropist,
author, was born Feb. 20, 1792, in Boston,
Mass. He was a noted philanthropist of
Boston, and the founder of the Lyman
school at Westborough. He was the au
thor of Three Weeks in Paris; The Poli
tical State of Italy; Account of the Hart
ford Convention; and The Diplomacy of
the United States with Foreign Nations.
He died July 18, 1849, in Brookline, Mass.
LYMAN, THEODORE, soldier, scientist,
congressman, author, was born Aug. 23,
1833, in Waltham, Mass. From 1863 to
the close of the civil war he was lieuten
ant-colonel and aide-de-camp on the staff
of Major-General Meade. From 1865 to
1882 he was commissioner of fisheries of
the state of Massachusetts. He was elect
ed a representative from Massachusetts to
the forty-eighth congress as a democrat.
He is also a scientist of note, associated
with the Museum of Comparative Zoology
in Cambridge from 1860. His principal
work is the Ophiuroidea of the Challenger
Expedition.
LYMAN, THEODORE BENEDICT,
bishop, was born Nov. 27, 1815, in Brigh
ton, Mass. He was elected assistant bish
op of North Carolina in 1873, and was
consecrated in Christ church, Raleigh, in
1873. On the death of Bishop Atkinson,
in 1881, he became bishop of the diocese.
LYMAN, WILLIAM, soldier, state sena
tor, congressman, was born in 1753, in
Northampton, Mass. He was brigadier-
general of militia; was a member of the
Massachusetts legislature in 1787; and a
state senator in 1789. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1793 to 1797;
and was appointed consul to London in
1805, where he died on Oct. 1, 1811.
LYNCH, CHARLES, governor. He was
governor of Mississippi from 1835 to 1837;
his uncle, John Lynch, was the founder of
Lynchburg, in Virginia, and his father,
bearing his own name, was a distinguish
ed officer in the revolutionary war; the
term Lynch law was occasioned by hia
apprehending and punishing, without legal
ceremony or delay, a lawless band of des
peradoes and tories who had infested the
country where he had command. He died
Feb. 16, 1853, in Natchez, Miss.
LYNCH, JAMES DANIEL, author, was
born Jan. 16, 1836, in Mecklenburg county,
Va. He is a political writer of Mississip
pi; and the author of Kemper County
Vindicated; Bench and Bar of Mississip
pi; and Bench and Bar of Texas.
LYNCH, JOHN, merchant, legislator,
congressman, was born Feb. 15, 1825, in
Portland, Maine. He served two terms in
the state legislature. He was elected a
representative from Maine to the thirty-
ninth congress; and was re-elected to the
fortieth, forty-first and forty-second con
gresses as a republican.
LYNCH, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born Nov. 1, 1843, in Providence, R.
I Since 1865 he has been in the active
practice of law in Wilkesbarre, Pa. He
was elected to the fiftieth congress as a
democrat.
LYNCH, JOHN ROY, jurist, legislator,
congressman, was born Sept. 10, 1847, in
Concordia parish, La. In 1869 he was ap
pointed a justice of the peace in Natchez,
Miss. He was elected to the state legis
lature from Adams county in 1870; and
re-elected in 1871. He was elected to the
forty-third congress, and re-elected to the
forty-fourth and forty-seventh congresses
as a republican.
LYNCH, THOMAS, congressman, was
born about 1720, in South Carolina. He
was a delegate from South Carolina to the
continental congress from 1774 to 1776. He
had also been a delegate to the colonial
congress in 1765. He died in 1776, in
South Carolina.
LYNCH, THOMAS, signer of the Decla
ration of Independence, was born Aug. 5,
1749, in Prince George parish, S. C. In
1775 he was commissioned a captain in
the militia service. In 1776 he was elect
ed a delegate to the continental congress,
and was a signer of the Declaration of
Independence.
LYNCH, THOMAS, lawyer, legislator,
mayor, congressman, was born Nov. 21,
1844, in Milwaukee county, Wis. He was
a member of the Wisconsin legislature in
1873 and 1883; and was district attorney
of the county from 1878 to 1882. In 1883
he moved to Antigo, where he now re
sides. He was mayor of Antigo in 1885
and again in 1888. He was elected to the
fifty-second and re-elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat.
LYNCH, WILLIAM FRANCIS, soldier,
author, was born in April, 1801, in Nor
folk, Va. He was a naval officer of promi
nence as an explor
er, and the author of
Narrative of the
United States Ex
ploring Expedition
to the River Jordan
and the Dead Sea;
and Naval Life, or
Afloat and Ashore.
In addition to his
published works, he
contributed valuable
articles on scien
tific and naval sub
jects to the leading newspapers and mag
azines of the United States. He died
Oct. 17, 1865, in Baltimore, Md.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
LYNDE, BENJAMIN', lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Oct. 4, 1700, in
Salem, Mass. He .became judge of ses
sions and common pleas, and in 1745 suc
ceeded his father as chief justice of the
colony of Massachusetts. He died Oct. 9,
1781, in Salem, Mass.
LYNDE, DOLPHUS S., merchant, bank
er, legislator, was born July 1, 1833, in
Antwerp, N. Y. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the common
schools, and then attended the Wesleyan
seminary of Gouverneur, N. Y. During
1871-75 he was a member of the New
York state assembly for four consecutive
terms; and during 1878-84 was a member
.of the New York state senate. He served
,on important committees in both houses
.of the legislature; and was a member of
the finance committee of the senate dur
ing the last four years of his service. In
1887 he organized the First National bank
.of Canton, N. Y., and has been its presi
dent since date of organization. He was
,one of the original stockholders of the
First National bank of Gouverneur, N. Y.,
and was one of its board of directors
from its organization until 1887. For
twenty years he was a successful mer-
. chant at riermon, N. Y.: and since 1854
has been a successful real estate operator.
LYNDE, WILLIAM PITT, lawyer, may-
,or, state senator, congressman, was born
Dec. 16, 1817, in Sherburne, N. Y. In 1844
he was attorney-general of Wisconsin ter
ritory; in 1845 was appointed United
States district attorney of Wisconsin,
and held the position until the admission
,ot the state. In 1848 he was elected a rep
resentative to congress; and in 1860 was
, elected mayor of Milwaukee. He was a
member of the assembly in 1866, and
elected a state senator in 1868. In 1874
he was elected a representative to the
forty-fourth congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-fifth congress as a democrat.
He died Dec. 18, 1885, in Milwaukee, Wis.
LYNDON, JOSIAH, governor, was born
March 10, 1724, in Newport, R. I. He was
governor of the state of Rhode Island in
1768. He died March 30, 1778, in Warren,
R. I.
LYNDS, WILLIAM B., educator, poet.
He is a successful educator, and for many
years superintendent of public instruction
of Wheeler county. Neb. He has also been
successful in fruit-growing. He has con
tributed extensively to current literature
on educational topics; and his poems
have been published in a volume entitled
Poetical Works.
LYNN, GEORGE, journalist, lawyer,
poet, was born Feb. 7, 1822, in England.
For thirty-five years he was a journalist
in Lockport, 111.; and since 1887 in Hast
ings, Neb., where he now practices law.
For awhile he was editor and owner of
Our Own Opinion: and is the author of a
number of meritorious poems.
LYON, ANNE BOZEMAN, author, was
boru in 1860, in Alabama. She is a south
ern writer of fiction; and the author of
No Saint; and A Sterlings Camp.
LYON, ASA, clergyman, jurist, legisla
tor, congressman, author, was born Dec.
.31, 1763, in Pomfret, Conn. He was ap
pointed chief judge of Grand Isle county
in 1805, serving as such for nine years;
and was elected to the legislature as a
representative from South Hero in 1800-
08; and from Grand Isle in 1810-11. He
was a member of the executive council
in 1808; and was elected a member of con
gress from 1815-17. He was a member
of the corporation of the university of
Vermont from 1814-21. For many years
and until his death he was an able preach
er of the gospel. He died April 4, 1841.
in South Hero, Conn.
LYON. CALEB, state senator, congress
man, governor, was born Dec. 7, 1822, in
Lyondale, N. Y. He was secretary of the
convention called in 1849 to form a con
stitution for California; and designed the
coat of arms for the golden state. From
his native state he was elected to the as
sembly, and was elected to the state sen
ate. He was elected a representative in
the thirty-third congress from New York;
and in 1864 was appointed governor of
Idaho. He died Sept. 8, 1875, on Staten
Island, N. Y.
LYON. CHITTEND'EN, legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1786, in Vermont.
He served in both houses of the Kentucky
state legislature; and was a representa
tive in congress from Kentucky from
1827 to 1835. He was the son of Matthew
Lyon. He died Nov. 8, 1842, in Caldwell
county, Ky.
LYON, DAVID GORDON, educator, au
thor, was born May 24, 1852, in Benton.
Ala. Since 1882 he has been professor of
divinity in the Harvard university: he
is well versed in Semitic languages and
history, and is curator of the Harvard
Semitic museum. He is the author of An
Assyrian Manual, and other works.
LYON, ERNEST, clergyman, was born
Sept. 22, 1860, in British Honduras. He
received a liberal education, and gradu
ated from the classical department of the
New Orleans university. He studied the
ology in the Gilbert Seminary and the
Union Theological seminary of New York
city. He has filled pastorates in the meth-
odist episcopal church, in the Mallalieu
chapel in New Orleans, and at St. Mark's
church in New York city. He has been
special agent of the Freedmen's Aid and
Southern Education society; statistical
secretary of the Louisiana annual con
ference; president of the New York
preachers' meeting; and has filled various
other high positions in the gift of his
church.
LYON, FRANCIB S., congressman, was
born in North Carolina. He settled in
Alabama; and was elected a representa
tive in congress from 1835 to 1839.
LYON, GEORGE REED, soldier, mer
chant, legislator, was born July 19, 1846,
in Waukegan, 111., then called Little Fort.
During the civil war he served in compa
ny C, sixty-ninth regiment volunteer in
fantry; and subsequently was sergeant of
company K, sixty-fourth regiment. He is
a successful merchant of Waukegan, 111.:
and in 1896 was elected a member of the
general assembly of the Illinois state leg
islature.
LYON, IRVING WHITALL, physician,
author, was born in 1840, in New York.
He was a Hartford physician who wrote
Silva; Manitou Island; Burkett's Lock;
St. John's Wooing; and The Old Post
Road. He died in 1896.
LYON, JOHN CHRISTIAN, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 11. 1802, in Ger
many. He has been called the founder
of the German methodist church in tne
United States. He was the editor and
translator of several theological works.
He died May 21. 1868, in Cantonville, Md.
LYON, LUCIUS, surveyor, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Feb. 26, 1800,
in Sherburne, Vt. He emigrated to Michi
gan. He was a delegate to congress from
Michigan territory during the years 1833-
35; was a senator in congress from the
state of Michigan from 1836-40; and was
a representative in congress from 1843 to
1845. His last public position was that
of surveyor-general in the northwest. He
died Sept. 24, 1851, in Detroit, Mich.
LYON, MARY, educator, was born Feb.
28, 1797, in Buckland. Mass. She was the
founder of Mount Holyoke seminary, of
which she was principal in '1837-49; and
it is an abiding monument to her energy
and sublime faith. She died March 5,
1849, in South Hadley.
LYON, MATTHEW, statesman, was
born in 1746, in Ireland. He settled in
Vermont after the war; and was elected
a member of the state legislature in 1779,
and the four succeeding years. In 1783 he
founded the town of Fairhaven. He serv
ed that town in the legislature ten years;
and in 1786 was assistant judge of Rut
land county. He was a representative in
congress from Vermont from 1797 to
1801. He removed to Kentucky; served
two years in the legislature of that state:
and was a representative in congress
from Kentucky from 1803 to 1811. In
1820 he was appointed a factor among the
Cherokee Indians in Arkansas. When that
territory was organized he was elected the
first delegate to congress, but did not live
to take his seat. He died Aug. 1, 1822, in
Spadro Bluff, Ark.
LYON, NATHANIEL, soldier, was born
July 4, 1818, in Ashford, Conn. He served
in Florida during the latter part of the
Seminole war. In
the assault on the
City of Mexico he
was wounded at the
Belen Gate. At the
close of the war he
was ordered to Cali
fornia, and in 1850
he conducted a suc
cessful expedition
against the Indians.
He died Aug. 10,
1861; being killed in
the battle of Wil
son's Creek, Wilson's Creek, Mo.
LYONS, ALBERT BROWN, chemist,
author, was born April 1, 1841, in the Ha
waiian Islands. He is a prominent chem
ist of Detroit who has published a Man
ual of Practical Assaying.
LYONS, H. A., lawyer, jurist. He was
an early emigrant to California; and in
1851 he was appointed chief justice for
the United States court of that territory.
LYONS, JAMES GILBORNE, poet, was
born in England. He published Christian
Songs, Translations, and other Poems.
He died Jan. 2, 1868, in Haverford, Pa.
LYTLE, ROBERT T.. congressman. He
was distinguished as a public speaker;
and was a member of congress from Ohio
from 1833 to 1835. He died Dec. 21, 1839,
in New Orleans, La.
LYTTLE, WILLIAM HAINES, soldier,
poet, was born Nov. 2, 1826, in Cincinnati.
Ohio. He was a general in the federal
army during the civil war, remembered
in literature for the poem beginning. I am
Dying, Egypt, Dying. He died Sept. 20,
1863; was killed in the battle of Chicka-
mauga.
LYTTLETON, WILLIAM HENRY,
governor, was born about 1720. in Eng
land. In 1755 he was appointed governor
of South Carolina, and held the post till
1760, when he was transferred to Jamaica.
He died Sept. 1, 1808.
MABEN, WILLIAM NELSON, lawyer,
was born Jan. 29, 1873, in Caney, Tenn.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the public schools of Fort Worth,
Tex.: and at the college of Tennessee and
the university of Texas. He has attained
prominence as a leading commercial and
corporation attorney of Texas; and is
prominent in democratic politics. He or
ganized the Lloyd Rifles of Fort Worth,
Tex.; was first lieutenant of the same,
and has refused the captaincy several
times.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
607
MABERY, CHARLES FREDERIC,
• chemist, educator, was born Jan. 13, 1850,
in North Gorham, Maine. He heid the
place of assistant in chemistry from 1875
until 1883, when he was called to the chair
of chemistry in the Case school of applied
science in Cleveland. He has published
in the American Chemical Journal numer
ous papers.
MABIE, HAMILTON WRIGHT, jour
nalist, author, was born L>ec. 13, 1845, in
•Cold Spring, N. Y. He is a journalist and
essayist of New York city, editor of The
Outlook, and the author of Norse Stories
Retold from "the Eadas; My Study Fire;
Under the Trees and Elsewhere; Short
Studies in Literature; Essays in Literary
Interpretation; Essays on Nature and
Culture; and Essays on Books and Cul
ture.
MABRY, MILTON H., lawyer, jurist,
was born in Waco, Tex. He has attained
success in the profession of law at Inver
ness, Fla. ; has been associate justice of
the supreme court; and chief justice of the
supreme court.
MACAFEE, MRS. NELLY NICHOL
(MARSHALL), author, was born in 1845,
in Kentucky. He is a Kentucky writer
•of fiction, and the author of Eleanor
Morton, or Life in Dixie; Gleanings from
Fireside Fancies; Sodom Apples; Wear
ing the Cross; Passion; and A Criminal
through Love.
MACARTHUR, ARTHUR, lawyer, ju
rist, lieutenant-governor, author, was
born Jan. 26, 1815, in Scotland. He set
tled in Wisconsin; was lieutenant-gover
nor of that state in 1856; and was elected
to a judgeship in that state, which posi
tion he held until 1869. In 1870 he was
appointed one of the justices of the su
preme court of tne United States for the
District of Columbia. He is the author of
Lectures on the Law; Reports of Supreme
•Court Cases; and Education in its Rela
tion to Manual Industry.
MACARTHUR, CHARLES LAFAY
ETTE, journalist, state senator, was born
Jan. 7, 1824, in Claremont, N. H. About
1842 he removed to Milwaukee, and be
came the first editor of the Sentinel. In
1846-47 he was city editor of the New
York Sun. In 1864 he established the Troy
News, one of the earliest Sunday newspa
pers except those published in New York
city. In 1881-83 he was a member of the
New York state senate.
MACARTHUR, JOHN, architect, was
born May 13, 1823, in Scotland. Among
the buildings designed and built by him
;are the naval hospitals at Philadelphia,
Annapolis, and Mare Island, Cal.; the
state hospitals for the insane at Danville
:and Warren, Pa.; Lafayette college of
Easton, Pa.; and the Continental, Girard,
and Lafayette hotels of Philadelphia.
MACARTHUR, ROBERT STUART,
clergyman, author, was born July 31, 1841,
in Canada. He is a distinguished baptist
clergyman of New York city, pastor of
Calvary baptist church from 1870, and
the author of Quick Truths in Quaint
Texts; Calvary Pulpit, or Christ and Him
'Crucified: and Divine Balustrades, and
Other Sermons.
MACBETH, HENRY, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 2, 1858, in Ireland.
In 1881 he graduated from Hobart col
lege, and three years later from the
Berkeley divinity school. He has been
reetor of the Trinity church of Oxford,
Pa., and has filled pastorates in Troy, N.
Y., and Wimlham, Conn., and is now rec
tor of St. Paul's chapel of Willimantic.
"He is also a successful magazine writer
>and author..
MACCABE, JOSEPH BREWSTER,
journalist, state senator, was born Nov.
19, 1857, in Manchester, N. H. He has
served as a member of the Massachusetts
state legislature; and also as a state sen
ator. He is a successful journalist, and
commander-in-chief of the Sons of Vete
rans.
MACCARROLL, JAMES, critic, author,
was born in 1815, in Ireland. He was a
musical and dramatic critic of New York
city, and the author of Letters of Terry
Finnegan to D'Arcy McGee; The New
Gauger; Adventures of a Night; and The
New Life-Boat. He died in 1892.
MACCARTY, J. HENDRICKSON, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1830, in Penn
sylvania. He is a methodist clergyman,
and the author of The Black Horse and
Carry-All; Inside tne Gates; Two Thou
sand Miles through the Heart of Mexico;
and Fact and Fiction in Holy Writ.
MACCHETTA, MRS, BLANCHE
ROOSEVELT (TUCKER), author, was
born in Wisconsin. She was the author
of Home Life of Longfellow: Marked In
Haste; Stage Struck; Life of Dore; The
Copper Queen, a novel; and Verdi, Milan,
and Othello.
MACCLELLAND, MARGARET
GREENWAY, author. She is a Virginia
novelist, and the author of Mammy Mys
tic; Old Ike's Memories, a book of verse;
Princess; Oblivion; Jean Monteith; Mad
ame Silva; Manitou Island; Burkett's
Lock; St. Joan's Wooing; and The Old
Post Road. She died in 1895.
MACCRACKEN, HENRY MITCHELL,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Sept. 28, 1840, in Oxford, Ohio. He is a
Presbyterian clergyman and educator,
chancellor of the university of the City
of New York from 1891. He is the author
of Tercentenary of Presbyterianism; Kant
and Lotze; A Metropolitan University;
and Leaders of the Church Universal.
MACCULLOCH, HUNTER, journalist,
poet, was born Oct. 22, 1847, in Glasgow,
Scotland. In 1878 he classified and ar
ranged the library of the Spring Garden
institute; and in 1882 was engaged by
Strawbridge and Clothier to edit a house
hold magazine. He is the author of sev
eral dramas; many songs, which have
been set to music; and a volume of poems
entitled From Dawn to Dusk.
MACDONALD, JOHN L., soldier, law
yer, jurist, state senator, congressman,
was born in 1838, in Scotland. He was
judge of the probate court of Scott coun
ty, Minn. During the war of the rebel
lion he was commissioned to enlist and
muster in volunteers for the union army,
and served in that capacity. He was a
member of the state house of represent
atives, 1869-70; and a member of the state
senate in 1871-76. In 1876 he was elected
judge of the eighth judicial district of
Minnesota for the term of seven years,
and was re-elected without opposition in
1883, resigning in the fall of 1886. He
was elected to the fiftieth congress as a
democrat.
MACDONALD, MOSES, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
8, 1814, in Limerick, Maine. He was a
member of the Maine legislature in 1841
and 1842; and in 1845 was speaker of the
house. In 1847-49 he served as treasurer of
the state. He represented the first con
gressional district in the thirty-second
and thirty-third congresses; and in 1857
was appointed collector for the districts
of Portland and Falmouth. He died Oct.
18, 1869, in Daco, Maine.
MACDONALD, RUFUS CYRENE, phy
sician, poet, was born in 1861, in Boston,
Mass. This eminent physician of Boston
is the author of Love and Other Poems.
MACDONOUGH, THOMAS, naval offi
cer, was born Dec. 23, 1783, in Newcas
tle county, Del. He was a midshipman on
board the Philadel
phia in the squadron
employed against
Tripoli; and subse
quently took part in
all the naval engage
ments under Com
modore Stephen De-
catur. He was one
of the party in 1804
who recaptured and
destroyed the Phila
delphia. For his ser
vices in the war of
I he was made captain; and received a
gold medal from congress. He died Nov
16, 1825, at sea.
MACDOUGALL, ALEXANDER, soldier,
state senator, congressman, was born in
1731, in Scotland. He was appointed colo
nel of the first New York regiment; brig
adier-general in 1776; and major-general
in 1777. He was a delegate from New
York to the continental congress in 1781-
82, and in 1784-85. He was a member of
the New York state senate in 1783. He
died June 8, 1786, in New York city.
MACDOUGALL, CHARLES, surgeon
was born born Sept. 21, 1804, in Chilli-
cothe, Ohio. In 1865 he was brevetted
brigadier-general; was promoted lieuten
ant-colonel and assistant medical purvey
or, in 1866, and retired in 1869. He died
July 25, 1885, in Fairfield, Va.
MACDOUGALL, CLINTON D., soldier,
lawyer, banker, congressman, was born
June 14, 1839, in Scotland. He joined the
army of the Potomac, and commanded a
brigade at Gettysburg, until the close of
the war; and was brevetted brigadier-
general in 1864. He was appointed post
master of the city of Auburn in 1869;
and was elected to the forty-third and for
ty-fourth congresses.
MACDOWELL, ELIZABETH, artist,
was born in 1858, in Philadelphia, Pa. She
studied art in the Academy of Fine Arts
of Philadelphia, and has attained a na
tional reputation as a painter.
MACE, DANIEL, lawyer, state legisla
tor, congressman, was born Sept. 5, 1811,
in Pickaway county, Ohio. He was a
member of the Indiana legislature in
1836; and served as United States attor
ney for Indiana during President Folk's
administration. He was a representative
in congress from Indiana from 1851 to
1855 as a democrat, and from 1855 to 1857
as an independent candidate. He was ap
pointed, by President Lincoln, postmaster
of Lafayette, Ind. He died July 26, 1867,
in Lafayette, Ind.
MACE, MRS. FHANCES LAUGHTON,
poet, was born Jan. 15, 1836, in Orono,
Maine. At the age of eighteen she wrote
the celebrated hymn,
Only Waiting, which
was copied through
the length and
breadth of the land.
She is the author of
Legends, Lyrics and
Sonnets; and Under
Pine and Palm, a
magnificent volume
of her collected
poems. In 1855 she
was married to Ben
jamin H. Mace, an
eminent lawyer and scholar, now of San
Jose, Cal. Her poems have constantly
appeared in the Century, Atlantic. Lip-
pincott's. Harper's, and the leading maga
zines of America: and her best known
poem is Only Waiting.
608
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MAC GAHAN, JANUAR1US ALOY-
SIUS, journalist, author, was born June
12, 1844, near New Lexington, Ohio. He
was a famous journalist and war corre
spondent. During the Franco-Prussian
war he was the correspondent at Paris
of the New York Herald, and he went
through the Russo-Turkish war as the
correspondent of the London Daily News.
He was the author of Campaigning on the
Oxus, and the Fall of Khiva; Under the
Northern Lights; and Turkish Atrocities
in Bulgaria. He died. June 9, 1878, in
Constantinople, Turkey.
MACHEN, WILLIS BENTON, farmer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born April 5, 181u, in Caldwell county,
Ky. He was a senator in the Kentucky
state legislature in 1854, and a member
of the lower house in 185u and 1860. He
was a member of the confederate congress
for three years; and was appointed a sen
ator in congress from Kentucky to nil a
vacancy, and served until 1873.
MACHIR, JAMES, congressman, was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1797 to 1799. He died June 25, 1827.
MAC INTOSH, MARIA J., author, was
born in 1803. She is the author of a num
ber of novels, which have appeared under
the pseudonym of Aunt Kitty. She died
in 1878.
MAC INTYRE, ARCHIBALD THOMP
SON, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born Oct. 27, 1822, in Twiggs
county, Ga. He was a member of ihe
state legislature of Georgia in 1849; was
a member of state constitutional conven
tion of Georgia in 1865; and was elected
to the forty-second congress as a demo
crat.
MACK, CHARLES ERNEST, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 22, 1857, in Columbia
county, Wis. He has been regent of the
university of Nevada, and is now district
jud"ge of the first judicial district of Ne
vada.
MACK, EDGAR EUGENE, lawyer, leg
islator, was born June 14, 1850, in Leices
ter, Vt. For fourteen years he was clerk
of the district court of Iowa; and a mem
ber of the Iowa state senate for four
years.
MACK, GEORGE FRANKLIN, edu
cator, was born Nov. 15, 1845, in St.
Charles, 111. For thirty years he has been
a successful educator. He moved to Cali
fornia in 1850, and received his educa
tion in the public schools of that state,
graduating in 1865 from the Healdsburg
academy. He served as superintendent of
schools for Amador county in 1886; was
again re-elected in 1890; and again in
1894; and during 1881-93 he was principal
of the lone public schools.
MACK, NORMAN EDWARD, journal
ist, was born July 24, 1855, in West Will
iam, Ontario. He is editor and publisher
of the Buffalo Daily Times.
MACKALL, WILLIAM WHANN, sol
dier, was born in 1818, in District of Co
lumbia. He served in Kentucky as assist
ant adjutant-general to General Simon
Buckner, with the rank of colonel, until
after the surrender of Fort Henry and
Fort Donelson; and was subsequently ap
pointed brigadier-general.
MACKAY, CHARLES H., journalist,
author, poet, was born March 11, 1859, In
Bridgeport, Maine. He is the editor of
the Esoteric of Boston, Mass.; and the
author of valuable articles on astronomy.
McKAY, DONALD, ship builder, was
born Sept. 4, 1810, in Nova Scotia. Dur
ing the civil war ne built the light
draught monitor Nauset, and the double
end gunboat Ashuelot. His last work was
the sloop of war Adams. He died Sept.
20, 1880, in Hamilton, Mass.
MACKAY, JOHN W., capitalist, was
born Nov. 28, 1831, in Ireland. He found
ed the bank of Nevada in San Francisco;
and with J. G. Bennett laid two cables
across the Atlantic, from United States
to England and France.
MACKAYE, MRS. MARIA ELLERY
[GOODWIN], educator, author, was born
in 1830, in Rhode Island. She is an edu
cator of Cambridge, and the author of
The Abbess of Port Royal, and Other
French Studies.
MAC KEAN, THOMAS, signer of the
Declaration of Independence, was born
March 17, 1734, in Chester county, Pa.
He was a signer of the Declaration of In
dependence; and was governor of Penn
sylvania in 1797-1808. He died in J«i7.
MAC KELLAR, THOMAS, manufac
turer, poet, was born Aug. 12, 1812, in
New York city. He is the president of
MacKellar, Smith
and Jordan com
pany, the largest
type founders in
America, with offices
in the principal cit
ies of the United
States. He is the
author of a number
of poetical works,
which have placed
him in the front rank
of American poets.
His works are
Rhymes At ween Times; Droppings from
the Heart; Psalms and Hymns; and other
works. He is also the author of The
American Printer; and has contributed
valuable articles during the past half a
century to various publications, which
have been a valuable acquisition to cur
rent literature. He is a man of integrity
and sterling business qualities, and makes
his home in Germantown, Philadelphia.
MACKENZIE, ALEXANDER SLID-
ELL, naval officer, author, was born April
6, 1803, in New York city. He was a
naval officer of prominence in his day,
and the author of Popular Essays on
Naval Subjects; The American in Eng
land; Lives of John Paul Jones, Commo
dore Decatur, Commodore Oliver Hazard
Perry; and A Year in Spain. He died
Sept. 13, 1848, in Tarrytown, N. Y.
MAC KENZIE, RANALD SLIDELL,
soldier, was born July 27, 1840, in West-
chester county, N. Y. He was engaged in
engineering work throughout the civil
war; and was promoted colonel in 1867,
and brigadier-general in 1882. He died
Jan. 19, 1889, on Staten Island, N. Y.
MACKENZIE, ROBERT SHELTON,
journalist, author, was born June 22, 1809,
in Ireland. He was a journalist of Lon
don who came to America in 1852, and
from 1857 was tne literary editor of the
Philadelphia Press. His writings in
clude Lives of Dickens, Scott, and Guizot;
Titian: an art novel; Lays of Palestine;
Partnership en Commandite, a work upon
commercial law; Bits of Blarney; Morn
ings at Matlock; and Tressilian and His
Friends. He died Nov. 30, 1880, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
MACKEY, ALBERT GALLATIN, phy
sician, autnor, was born March 12, 1807,
in Charleston, S. C. He was a physician
of Charleston whose life was principally
devoted to .the study of freemasonry. He
was the author of Text Book of Masonic
Jurisprudence; Lexicon of Freemasonry;
The Mystic Tie; Book of the Chapter;
Manual of the Lodge; Cryptic Masonry;
Masonic Ritualist; Masonic Parliamen
tary Law; History of Freemasonry in
South Carolina; anu Encyclopaedia of
Freemasonry. He edited the Ahimon
Rezon. He died June 20, 1881, in Fortress
Monroe, Va.
MACKEY, ANSEL ELLIOTT, educator,
college president, was born June 3, 1836,
in Rensselaerville, N. Y. He is the presi
dent and proprietor of the Geneva Busi
ness and Training college of Geneva, N.
Y., which was established in 1880. He
has acquired success in educational work;
and in literature has attained prominence
as a prolific writer on educational topics.
He began teaching at the age of eighteen;
was principal of the business department
of Albany college; and in 1873 established
a commercial school in the city of Hud
son, N. Y. In 1880 he established the
well known Geneva Business College and
Short Hand institute of Geneva, N. Y.,
which has become one of the lamous in
stitutions of the country for business
training.
MACKEY, CHARLES WILLIAM, rail
road president. He is president of the
Indiana Central Railroad company; of the
Franklin Steel Casting company; and is
president, director and trustee of various
corporations. •
MACKEY, EDMUND W. M., journalist,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born March 8, 1846, in Charleston, S. C.
In 1873 he was elected a member of the
state house of representatives; and was
elected a representative from South Caro
lina to the forty-fourth congress. In 1876
he was elected a representative in the
state legislature; and was speaker of the
house; and was assistant United States
attorney from 1878 to 1881. He was again
a representative in the forty-seventh con
gress, and re-elected to the forty-eighth
congress as a republican. He died Jan.
28, 1884, at Washington, D. C.
MACKEY, JOHN, educator, journalist,
author, was born in 1765, in Charleston,
S. C. He was a journalist and educator
of Charleston, whose American Teacher's
Assistant was the first comprehensive
work on arithmetic published in America.
He died Dec. 14, 1831, in Charleston, S. C.
MACKEY, L. A., lawyer, congressman,
was born Nov. 25, 1819, in White Deer
township, Pa. In 1874 he was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-fourth congress; and re-elected to
the forty-fifth congress as a democrat.
MACKIE, JOHN MILTON, educator,
author, was born Dec. 19, 1813, in Ware-
ham, Mass. He is a New England writer,
in early life a tutor in Brown university,
and the author of Cosas de Espana; Lives
of Leipnitz, Schamyl, Samuell Gorton;
Tai Ping Wang; and From Cape Cod to
Dixie.
MACLANAHAN, JAMES X., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born In
1809, in Antrim, ra. In 1841 he was
elected to the Pennsylvania state senate.
In 1849 he was elected to congress; and
re-elected in 1851. He died about 1864.
MACLAY, ROBERT SAMUEL, edu
cator, clergyman, missionary, was born
Feb. 7, 1824, in Concord, Pa. During
1847-72 he was missionary to China from
the methodist episcopal church; during
1852-72 was superintendent of its mis
sion in Foochow, China; and during 1872-
84 he was superintendent and organizer
of its mission to Japan. He visited Korea
in 1884, obtained from the king Korea's
permit to Christianity, which opened
methodism to Korea. He was president
of the Anglo-Japanese college, dean and
instructor in Tokyo. Japan, during 1884-
87; and during 1888-93 filled the chair of
theology in the Maclay College of Theol
ogy in San Fernando, Cal. He is the
author of Life Among the Chinese; Al
phabetic Dictionary of the Chinese Lan
guage; and other works.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
609
MACLAY, SAMUEL, congressman,
United States senator, was born June 7,
1741, in Lurgan, Pa. He was a represent
ative in congress from Pennsylvania from
1795 to 1797; and was a senator in con
gress from 1803 to 1808. He died Oct. 5,
1811, in Northumberland county, Pa.
MACLAY, WILLIAM, lawyer, United
States senator, was born July 20, 1737,
in New Garden, Pa. He was a senator in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1789 to
1791. He died April 16, 1804, in Harris-
burg, Pa.
MACLAY, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1766, in Penn
sylvania. He held the offices of county
commissioner and associate judge; and
was a member of the assembly. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1815 to 1817; and again from
1817 to 1819. He died Jan. 4, 1825.
MACLAY, WILLIAM BROWN, edu
cator, journalist, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born March 20, 1812,
in New York city.
"BBMBHI ' In ls:;'; ne was asso
ciate editor of the
New York Quarterly
Magazine; and was
an active member of
the legislature or
New York for sev
eral years. He was
elected a representa
tive in congress
from that state in
1843; and was re-
elected in 1845 and
1847, and again elected in 1857. He was
re-elected a representative to the thirty-
sixth congress. He died Feb. 19, 1882, m
New York city, N. Y.
MACLAY, WILLIAM PLUNKETT, con
gressman, was born Aug. 23, 1774, in Buf
falo Valley, Pa. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1816 to
1821, having first entered congress to fill
a vacancy. He died Sept. 2, 1842, in Mil-
roy, Pa.
MACLAY, WILLIAM WALTER, edu
cator, civil engineer, was born March 27,
1846, in New York city. He was com
missioned as lieutenant-commander in
1868, and, while acting as fleet captain of
the Asiatic squadron, was selected by the
Japanese government to survey and des
ignate sites for lighthouses.
MACLEAN, MRS. CLARA VICTORIA
[DARGAN], educator, author, was born
in 1840, in South Carolina. She is an ed
ucator of South Carolina. Her work in
fiction includes Riverlands; and Helen
Howard.
MACLEAN, GEORGE EDWIN, edu
cator, clergyman, college president, was
born Aug. 31, 1850, in Rockville, Conn.
He has filled the chair of English lan
guage and literature in the university of
Minnesota, and is now chancellor of the
university of Nebraska at Lincoln.
MACLEAN, JOHN, educator, chemist,
lecturer, was born March 1, 1771, in Scot
land. His chemical instructions embraced
the practical applications of chemistry to
agriculture and manufactures as well as
theoretical science. In the second year
of his instructions at Princeton he wrote
two Lectures on Combustion. He died
Feb. 17, 1814, in Princeton, N. J.
MACLEAN, JOHN P., educator, author,
lecturer, was born March 12, 1848, in
Franklin, Ohio. In 1886 he assisted in
making the survey of the glacial beds of
Butler county, Ohio. He is the author of
Manual of the Antiquity of Man; The
Mastodon, Mammoth, and Man; Fingal's
Cave; Norse Discovery of America; and
History of the Macleans.
39
MAC LEOD, DONALD, author, was
born Nov. 17, 1821, in New York city.
He wrote a history of Mary, Queen of
Scots, besides several works and one vol
ume of poems.
MAC MARTIN, DANIEL FREDERICK,
lawyer, was born April 25, 1868, in Corn
wall, Ontario, Canada. He received the
rudiments of his education in the high
school of his native city; and attended the
Queen's university college of Kingston,
and Osgoode Hall of Toronto. He has be
come one of the foremost lawyers of Ok
lahoma territory; and is prominently
identified with the public affairs of Ok
lahoma City and the territorial govern
ment.
MACMILLAN, GEORGE WHITFIELD,
clergyman, college president, author, was
born Aug. 19, 1827, in York county, Pa.
He was ordained a clergyman in 1857,
and has filled pastorates in New York,
Illinois and Ohio. He has been eminently
successful in his calling; has been presi
dent of the Richmond college, Ohio, for
nine years; and president of various re
ligious societies. He is the author of The
Millennium, or The Reign of Christ; and
other works. In 1884 he received the de
gree of doctor of divinity from the Rich
mond college; and in 1885 received the
degree of doctor of philosophy from the
Princeton college.
MACMURRAY, THOMAS J., clergyman,
journalist, lawyer, lecturer, poet, was
born July 23, 1852, in Scotland. In 1883
he was admitted to the bar; has been en
gaged in journalism in Manistique, Mich.;
and attained eminence as a lecturer. He
is the author of The Legend of Delaware
Valley, and Other Poems.
MACOMB, ALEXANDER, soldier, au
thor, was born April 3, 1782, 'in Detroit,
Mich. He was an officer of prominence
in the American
army during the
war of 1812, becom
ing major-general in
command of the
army in 1828. He
was the author of
Treatise on Martial
Law; Treatise on
Practice of Courts
Martial ; and Pon-
tiac, a drama. He
died June 25, 1841,
in Washington, D. C.
MACOMB, WILLIAM HENRY, naval
officer, was born June 16, 1818, in Detroit,
Mich. He entered the navy as midship
man in 1834, and was commissioned com
modore in 1870. His last service was that
of lighthouse inspector. He died Aug. 12,
1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MACOMBER, ELEANOR, missionary,
was born in 1801, in Lake Pleasant, N.
Y. In 1830 she was sent by the American
missionary board of the baptist church as
a teacher among the Ojibway Indians at
Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. She died April
16, 1840, in India.
MACON, JOHN ALFRED, journalist,
author, was born in 1861, in Alabama.
He is a journalist of New York city, and
the author of Uncle Gabe Tucker.
MACON, NATHANIEL, soldier, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
Dec. 17, 1757, in Warren county, N. C.
In 1791 he was elected a representative
in congress from North Carolina, and
continued a member of that body until
transferred to the United States senate
in 1815, where he served until 1828. From
1801 until 1805 was speaker of the house,
and from 1825 to 1828 was president pro
tern, of the senate. He was for thirty-
seven years a member of the house or
senate, and was called the Father of the
House, having served a longer time in
that body than any other man. His serv
ice in congress for thirty-seven years ex
ceeds that of any other American states
man, and the cities, towns and counties
in the southern and western states which
bear his name, show the extent of his
popularity in his day. He died June 29,
1837, in Warren county, N. C.
MAC QUEARY, HOWARD, clergyman,
author, was born in 1861, in Virginia.
He is a universalist clergyman of Minne
apolis. He was formerly an episcopal
clergyman in Ohio, but, on account of his
denial of the virgin birth of Christ, was
tried for heresy in 1891 and suspended
from the episcopal ministry. He is the
author of Evolution of Man and Chris
tianity; Topics of the Times; and Lec
tures on Theological and Sociological
Themes.
MACRAE, WILLIAM, soldier, was born
Sept. 9, 1834, in Wilmington, N. C. He
served with distinction in the civil war,
attaining the rank of brigadier-general.
MAC REA, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born in 1767. In 1791 he was appointed
from Virginia lieutenant of levies. He did
good service in the action near New Or
leans, in 1814, and was brevetted colonel
for ten years' faithful service in 1824. He
died Nov. 3, 1832, near Shawneetown, 111.
MACVICAR, MALCOLM, educator, was
born Sept. 30, 1829, in Scotland. He was
the first chancellor of the McMaster
university; and in 1890 became superin
tendent of education of the American bap
tist home mission society.
MACY, DAVID, banker, state legis
lator, was born Dec. 25, 1810, in Randolph
county, N. C. In 1838 he was elected by the
legislature prosecuting attorney for the
sixth judicial district of the state of In
diana for the term of two years. In 1840
he removed to Lawrenceburg, Dearborn
county, and resided there, practicing his
profession, until 1852, in the meantime
serving as mayor of the city two years,
and representing the county in the state
legislature in the years 1845 and 1846.
MACY, JESSE, educator, author, was
born June 21, 1842, in Knightstown, Ind.
He was professor of political science in
the Iowa college. He is the author of
Our Government; First Lessons in Civil
Government; Text Book for Iowa
Schools; and The English Constitution.
MACY, JOHN B., congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Wiscon
sin from 1853 to 1855.
MACY, JOSIAH, sea captain, was born
Feb. 25, 1785, in Nantucket, Mass. In 1812
he brought to New York in the Prudence,
of which he was joint owner, the first
news of the declaration of war between
the United States and Great Britain. He
died May 15, 1872, in Rye, N. Y.
MACY, WILLIAM STARBUCK, artist,
was born Sept. 11, 1853, in New Bedford,
Mass. He has studios both in New York
and New Bedford. His chief works in
clude Edge of the Forest; Old Forest in
Winter; Old Mill: Winter Sunset; and
January in Bermuda.
MADDEN, GEORGE SYLVESTER,
clergyman, missionary, author, was born
Aug. 9, 1858, in Amanda, Ohio. He grad
uated from the Ohio Wesleyan univer
sity; has attained eminence as a success
ful clergyman in the Ohio conference;
and since 1892 has been a missionary in
New Mexico. In 1897 he was elected
president of the 'territorial Epworth
league organization; and is the author of
numerous articles on New Mexico, which
have appeared in current publications.
bio
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MADDOX, JOHN W., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born June 3, 1848. in Chattooga county.
Ga. He was elected to the Georgia state
legislature in 1880, and re-elected in 1882.
He was elected to represent the forty-
second senatorial uistrict in 1884; and
was elected judge of the superior court
in 1886, and re-elected in 1890. He re
signed that office Sept. 1, 1892, to accept
the democratic nomination for congress,
and was elected to the fifty-third, fiity-
fourth, and fifty-fifth congresses as a
democrat.
MADISON, DOROTHY PAYNE, wife of
President Madison, was born May 20, 1772,
in North Carolina. During the war of
1812, when the capi-
tol, white house and
other public build
ings were burned by
the British, Mrs.
Madison assisted in
saving valuable na
tional documents;
and under her own
supervision the
magnificent portrait
of General Wash
ington was taken
down and carried to
a place of safety. She died July 12, 1849,
in Washington, D. C.
MAUISON, GEORGE, soldier, governor,
was born in 1763, in Virginia. He was
auditor of public accounts for twenty
years; and was chosen governor of Ken
tucky for four years in 1816. He died Oct.
14. 1816, in Paris, Ky.
MAUISON, JAMES, college president,
clergyman, was born Aug. 27, 1749, in
Augusta county, Va. In 1777 he became
president of the William and Mary col
lege. After peace was declared with Great
Britain he became first bishop of the
episcopal church of Virginia. He died
March 6. 1812.
MADISON, JAMES, fourth president of
the United States, was born March 16,
1751, in Orange county, Va. At the age
- of seventeen years
he entered Princeton
college, N. J., where
he graduated in 1771,
and commenced the
study of the law. In
1776 he was elected
•' member of the
general assembly of
Virginia, and in 1778
was elected to the
executive council of
''"'' state. He was
elected to the conti
nental congress in 1779; was a member of
that body three years, and a member of the
legislature of Virginia from 1784 to 1786.
He was a member of the convention
which formed the constitution of the
United States in i787. He was elected a
member of the house of representatives
in 1789, and held the office eight years,
during which time (1794) he married Mrs.
Dolly Paine Todd, a young widow, twen
ty-three years of age. He was elected a
member of the Virginia assembly in 1797.
In 1801 Jefferson appointed him secretary
of state, which office he held eight years.
He was the successful candidate for the
presidency in 1808, and was inaugurated
March 4, 1809. He was re-elected in 1812,
and took the oath of office March 4, 1813.
At the close of his second term he re
tired to his home at Montpelier, and died
June 28, 1836. Madison held office about
thirty-two years. He was economical,
and died rich. His complete works have
been issued in six volumes.
MADISON, ROBERT LEE, educator,
author, was born Feb. 17, 1867. in Staun-
ton, Va. He received his education in
three different training schools in Lex
ington, Va., and at the United States
university at Athens, Tenn. He is a
great-grandson of General Ambrose Mad
ison, who was a brother of President
James Madison, and a cousin of Bishop
James Madison, the first episcopal bishop
of Virginia. He has been principal of the
Quallatown seminary, N. C.; principal of
the Jackson academy, Sylva, N. C.; and is
now principal of the Cullowhee high
school. In 1896-97 he was fourth vice-
president of the North Carolina Teachers'
assembly; and since 1897 has been a mem
ber of the board of education for Jackson
county, N. C.
MAEDER, FREDERICK GEORGE,
actor, author, was born Sept. 11, 1840, in
Neto York city. He has attained success
as an actor; and is the author of Can-
nuck; Shamus O'Brien; Runaway Wife;
and Nairn Cree. He died April 8, 1891, in
New York city.
MAES, CAMILLUS PAUL, Roman cath
olic bishop, was born March 13, 1846, in
Belgium. He was ordained priest in 1868,
and sailed for the
United States short
ly afterward. he
was appointed secre
tary of Bishop Bur
gess in 1880, nom
inated for the see of
Covington in 1884,
and consecrated
bishop in 1885, and
in 1897 became arch
bishop of New Or
leans. He has pub
lished Life of Rev.
Charles Nerinckx; and is a contributor
to Roman Catholic periodicals.
MAFFETT, JAMES THOMPSON, law
yer, congressman, was born Feb. 2, 1837,
in Clarion county, Pa. In 1880 he was a
republican presidential elector for the
twenty-fifth congressional district; and
in 1884 he had the instructions of Clarion
county. Pa., for congress. He was elected
to the fiftieth congress as a republican.
He died May 15, 1886, in Wilmington,
N. C.
MAFF'IT, JOHN NEWLAND, clergy
man, lecturer, author, poet, was born Dec.
28, 1795, in Ireland. He was a once noted
methodist preacher and lecturer, and the
author of Tears of Contrition; Pulpit
Sketches; and Poems. He died May 28,
1850, in Mobile, Ala.
MAGAW, SAMUEL, educator, clergy
man, author, was born about 1740, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He aided in establish
ing the Philadelphia academy, and was
secretary of the convention of Pennsyl
vania for several years. He published
numerous sermons that he preached on
special occasions. He died Dec. 1, 1812,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
MAGEE, CHRISTOPHER LYMAN,
promoter, state senator, was born April
14, 1848, in Pittsburg, Pa. He has at
tended every republican national conven
tion since 1876 as a delegate. In 1880 he
was one of the famous three hundred and
six who stood out tor General Grant. In
1884 he bought the Pittsburg Times, and,
as president and editor, built the circula
tion up from 1,500 to 60,000 a day. He
also organized and became president of
the Duouesne Traction Co., and is also
president of the Transverse Railway Co.
In 1896 he was elected a member of the
state senate.
MAGEE, GEORGE J., railroad presi
dent, was born March li, 1840, in Bath,
N. Y. Since 1869 he has been president
of the Fall Brook Coal company, and
Fall Brook railway at Corning, N. Y.
MAGEE, JOHN, congressman, was born
in New York. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1827 to
1831. He died April 5, 1868, in Watkins,
N. Y.
MAGEE, JOHN A., journalist, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Oct. 14,
1827, in Perry county. Pa. He was a
member of the Pennsylvania legislature in
1863; and was elected to the forty-third
congress as a democrat.
MAGEE, LEVI, educator, lawyer, was
born Aug. 15, 1864, in Ontario, Canada.
In 1868 he moved with his parents to
Oregon; attended the Willamette univer
sity of Salem, and graduated from that
institution in the classical course. For
many years he was engaged in educa
tional work; is now a leading lawyer of
Grangeville, Idaho; has been postmaster
of that city, and filled numerous public
positions of trust in his county and state.
MAGEE, RUFUS. journalist, lawyer,
diplomat, state senator, was born Oct. 17,
1845, in Logansport, Ind. In 1882 he was
elected a state senator of Indiana; in 1883
was elected president of the senate; and
served in the state senate three and one-
half years.
MAGELLAN FERDINAND, explorer,
was born in 1470, in Portugal. He dis
covered the group of islands known as tne
Philippines, which he took possession of
in the name of the Spanish king. He died
April 27, 1521.
MAGIE, DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born March 13, 1795, in Elizabeth,
N. J. In 1821 he was installed as pastor
of a newly organized presbyterian church
in Elizabeth, with which he remained
connected until his death. He was the
author of The Springtime of Life; and of
a tract entitled The Citizen Soldier, of
which a quarter of a million copies were
distributed during the civil war. He died
May 10, 1865, in Elizabeth, N. J.
MAGILL, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist,
He was appointed in 1801 United States
circuit judge for the fourth circuit.
MAGILL, EDWAnD HICKS, educator,
college president, author, was born Sept.
24, 1825, in Solebury, Pa. In 1869 he
became principal of the Swarthmore pre
paratory school, and in 1871 president of
the Friends' college at Swarthmore, Del
aware county, Pa. He published a French
Grammar, with a key; also two French
readers.
MAGILL, MARY TUCKER, educator,
author, was born Aug. 21, 1832, in Jeffer
son county, Va. She is an educator and
fiction writer of Winchester, Va., and the
author of The Hoicombes; Women, or
Chronicles of the Late War; School His
tory of Virginia; and Pantomimes, or
Wordless Poems.
MAGINNIS, JOHN SHARP, clergyman,
educator, was born June 13, 1805. in But
ler county. Pa. In- 1851 he became profes
sor in the new theological seminary at
Rochester, N. Y., and of philosophy in
Rochester university. He died Oct. 15.
1852, in Rochester, N. Y.
MAGINNIS, MARTIN, soldier, journal
ist, congressman, was born Oct. 27, 1840,
in Wayne county, N. Y. He removed to
Montana and engaged in mining, and in
publishing and editing the Helena Daily
Gazette. He was elected a delegate from
Montana to the forty-third congress; and
was re-elected to the forty-fourth, forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh and forty-
eighth congresses as a democrat.
HERRINGRHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA CF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
611
MAGNER, THOMAS V., congressman,
was born March 8, 1860, in Brooklyn, N.
Y. He was a member of the New York
assembly one year, which office he held
when elected to the fifty-first congress.
He was re-elected to the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
MAGOFFIN, BERIAH, governor, was
born April 18, 1815', in Harrodsburg, Ky.
In 1850 he was elected to the Kentucky
state senate; and was governor of Ken
tucky from 1859 to 1861. He died Feb. 28,
1885, in Harrodsburg, Ky.
MAGOON, ELIAS LYMAN, clergyman,
lecturer, author, was born Oct. 20, 1810,
in Lebanon, N. H. He was an eminent
baptist clergyman of Philadelphia, and
the author of Proverbs for the People;
Orators of the American Revolution; Re
publican Christianity; Westward Empire;
Eloquence of the Colonial Times; and
Living Orators in America. He died Nov.
25, 1886, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MAGOON, HENRY S., educator, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Jan. 31, 1832, in Monticello, \Vis.
In 1855 he was appointed professor of an
cient languages in Nashville university,
Tenn., where he remained till 1857. He
then returned to \Visconsin and began the
practice of law. rie was elected district
attorney in 1858; was a member of the
state senate in 1871 and 1872; and was
elected to the forty-fourth congress.
MAGOWAN, FRANK ALLAN, manu
facturer, was born Aug. 5, 1859, in Tren
ton, N. j. He successively established the
Empire Pottery Co., the Empire Rubber
Manufacturing Co., and the Trenton Oil
Cloth Co. In 1887 he was elected mayor
of Trenton, N. J.
MAGRATH, A. G., governor. He was
governor of South Carolina in 1864 and
1865.
MAGRATH, WILLIAM, artist, was born
March 20, 1838, in Ireland. In 1883 he
established his studio in Washington, rie
has executed many strong and original
works, of which On the Old Sod attracted
much attention for its technical merits
and the fine sentiment that it suggested.
MAGRUDER, ALLAN BOWIE, law
yer, United States senator, author, was
born about 1775, in Kentucky. He moved
to Louisiana, and in 1805 he published
Reflections on the Cession of Louisiana
to the United States. He was a senator
in congress from that state from 1812 to
1813. He was also the author of The
bible Defended; and Life of John Mar
shall. He died April 16, 1822, in Opelou-
sas. La.
MAGRUDER, JOHN BANKHEAD, sol
dier, was born Aug. 15, 1810, in Winches
ter, Va. In the Mexican war he com
manded the light battery of General Pil
low's division, and was brevetted major
for gallantry at Cerro Gordo, and lieuten
ant-colonel for Chapultepec. He died Feb.
19, 1871, in Houston, Texas.
MAGRUDER, JUi^IA, author, was born
Sept. 14, 1854, in Charlottesville, Va. She
is a novelist, and the author of Miss Ayr
of Virginia, and Other Stories; The Child
Amy; Across the Chasm; At Anchor; A
Magnificent Plebeian; Honored in the
Breach; The Violet; and Princess Sonia.
MAGRUDER, PATRICK, lawyer, libra
rian, congressman, was born in 1768, in
Montgomery county, Md. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Maryland
from 1805 to 1807. He died in 1819 or 1820.
in Petersburg.
MAGRUDER, RICHARD B.. lawyer,
jurist, was born in Maryland. He was
for many years a judge of the supreme
court of the state of Maryland. He died
Feb. 11, 1«44, in Baltimore, Md.
MAGUIRE, JAMES G., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Feo. 22, 1853, in
Boston, Mass. In 1882 he was elected
judge of the superior court of the city and
county of San Francisco, serving in that
office six years; and was elected to the
fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a democrat.
MAHAN, HEZEKIAH, soldier, con
gressman, was born June 26, 1739, in St.
Stephen's Parish, S. C. He was elected
a member of the first provincial congress
of South Carolina, and in other ways act
ively promoted the cause of American
freedom. He died in 1789, in St. Stephen's
Parish, S. C.
MAHAN, ALFRED THAYER, naval of
ficer, author, was born in 1840, in New
York. He is a distinguished officer in the
United States navy, and the author of The
Influence of Sea Power upon History,
1600-1783; Influence of Sea Power upon
the French Revolution and Empire, 1783-
1812; The Gulf and Inland Waters; Life
of Admiral Farragut; and Life of Nelson,
the Embodiment of the Sea Power of
Great Britain.
MAHAN, ASA, educator, clergyman,
college president, author, was born Nov.
9, 1800, in Vernou, N. Y. He was a con
gregational clergyman and educator, pres
ident of Adrian college, 1860-71, and after
the latter date resident in England. He
was the author of Critical History of Phi
losophy; The Science of Intellectual Phi
losophy; Science of Moral Philosophy;
The Doctrine of the Will; The Scripture
Doctrine of Christian Perfection; Logic;
Theism and Anti-Theism in Their Rela
tions to Science; and Critical History of
the American Civil War. He died April
4, 1889, in England.
MAHAN, DENNIS HART, engineer, au
thor, was born April 2, 1802, in New York
city. He was a military engineer of dis
tinction, whose text books have been
widely used. He was the author of Trea
tise on Field Fortifications; Elementary
Course of Civil Engineering; Elementary
Treatise on Advanced Guard, etc.; Indus
trial Drawing; Descriptive Geometry;
Philosophy of Engineering; Permanent
Fortifications; and an edition of Mose-
ley's Mechanical Principles of Engineer
ing and Architecture, with additions. He
died Sept. 16, 1871, in Stony Point, N. Y.
MAHAN, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS,
military engineer, author, was born March
28, 1847, in West Point, N. Y. He is a
noted military engineer; and one of the
foremost authorities on military subjects
in America.
MAHAN, MILO, clergyman, author,
was born May 24, 1819, in Suffolk, Va.
He was an episcopal clergyman of Balti
more, and the author of The Exercise of
Faith; History of the Church; Reply to
Colenso; Palmoni, a Free Inquiry; and
Comedy of Canonization. He died Sept.
3, 1870, in Baltimore, Md.
MAHAN, OLIVER P., soldier, lawyer,
was born Sept. 29, 1836, in Putnam county,
Ind. He is one of the foremost lawyers
of central Indiana at Lebanon; and in
1896 was a candidate for judge of the
twentieth judicial circuit court of Indiana.
MAHANY, ROWLAND BLENNER-
HASSETT, educator, journalist, congress
man, was born Sept. 28, 1864, in Buffalo,
N. Y. He was associate editor of the Buf
falo Express in 1888: and became in
structor in history and literature in the
high school in 1889. He was appointed
secretary of legation to Chile in 1890; ac
credited envoy extraordinary and 'min
ister plenipotentiary to Ecuador in 1892.
He was nominated for congress in 1892.
He returned to Ecuador in 1893, and con
eluded the Santos treaty, negotiations for
which had remained unsettled for nearly
ten years. He was elected in 1894 from
New York to the fifty-fourth and fifty-
fifth congresses as a republican.
MAKER, DAVID FRANCIS, lawyer,
was born Nov. 10, 1866, in Watsonville,
Cal. He is a graduate of the law depart
ment of the univer
sity of Michigan;
and for three years
was city solicitor of
Watsonville, Cal.
For seven years he
was engaged in the
printing business; is
a member of several
fraternal orders; .
and prominent in
the public affairs of
his native county.
MAHON, THADDEUS M.. soldier, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born in 1840, in Green Village, Pa. He
was a member of the Pennsylvania legis- •
lature in 1870, 1871, and 1872; and was a
candidate for congress in 1876. He was
elected to the fifty-third, fifty-fourth and
fifty-fifth congresses as a republican.
MAHONE, WILLIAM, civil engineer,
soldier, legislator, United States senator,
was born Dec. 1, 1826, in Monroe, Va. In
his youth he taught
school and then be
came a civil engi
neer on the sur
veys of the Orange
and Alexandria
railroads. He sub
sequently built
the Fredericksburg
Plank road; then
was chief engineer
of the Norfolk and
Petersburg railroad;
and became its pres
ident. He served as quartermaster in the
confederate army, and became major-
general. In 1881 he entered the United
States senate, and served a full term for
six years. It was through his policy that
the free school system of his state was
rehabilitated; the whipping post abol
ished; the prerequisite to suffrage re
moved; a colored normal school and a
colored asylum were erected; and the
state expenses reduced.
MAHONEY, PETER P., merchant, con
gressman, was born June 25, 1848, in
New York city. In 1884 he was elected
a representative from New York to the
forty-ninth congress; and re-elected to
the fiftieth congress as a democrat.
MAIN, JOHN COTTON, lawyer, jurist,
was born Dec. 14, 1868, in Bell county, Ky.
He attended the Union college at Barbour-
ville, Ky., and soon afterward attained
prominence as an able lawyer of Hamil
ton, Texas. He nas been a county judge
of Hamilton county; practices law in the
district and state courts; and takes an
active part in public affairs.
MAIN, THOMAS, educator, civil engi
neer, author, was born in 1828, in Scot
land. He was a mechanical engineer, pro
fessor of ship building in the Webb acad
emy of ship building, New York city, and
the author of History of the Steam En
gine. He died in 1896.
MAISH, LEVI, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 22, 1837, in York
county, Pa. He was elected to the Penn
sylvania state legislature in 186V. In 1874
he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-fourth con
gress: and was re-elected to the forty-
fifth, fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as
a democrat.
612
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MAJETTE, MARK MARSDEN, lawyer,
public official, writer, was born Sept. i9,
1865, in Hertford county, N. C. He at
tended the university of North Carolina,
and soon attained prominence in the prac
tice of law in his native state. He has
been mayor of Chapel Hill, and also of
Columbia, N. C.; and has been prominent
ly identified with the public affairs of his
county and state. In literature he has
contributed articles to the foremost mag
azines; and is a correspondent of several
newspapers.
MAJORS, THOMAS J., soldier, mer
chant, state senator, congressman, was
born June 25, 1841, in Jefferson county,
Iowa. He was a member of tne territor
ial council; and when Nebraska was ad
mitted as a state served in the first state
senate, and was re-elected. He was
elected a contingent member of congress
in 1876 and 1878; was elected a repre
sentative from Nebraska to the forty-fifth
congress to fill a vacancy; and was again
elected a contingent member of the forty-
sixth congress.
MAKIN, THOMAS, author, poet, was
born about 1665. He was the author of
two Latin poems addressed to James
Logan, which were found among his
papers at his death. He died in 1733, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
MALBONE, FRANCIS, congressman,
United States senator, was born in 1757,
in Newport, R. I. He was a representa
tive in congress from Rhode Island from
1793 to 1797; and was a senator in con
gress in 1809. He died June 4, 1809, in
Washington, D. C.
MALCOLM, JAMES FELLER, artist,
author, was born in August, 1767, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He began painting and
engraving in 1787. He went to London,
worked for the Gentleman's Magazine,
and drew and engraved plates for histor
ical and antiquarian works. He published
Lonuinium Redivivum, or an Ancient
History and Modern Description of Lon
don; Excursion in the Counties of Kent,
Gloucester, etc.; Letters Between the
Rev. James Granger and Many Eminent
Men; First Impressions, or Sketches from
Art and Nature; Anecdotes of the Man
ners and Customs of London; Miscellan
eous Anecdotes; and .tin Historical Sketch
of the Art of Caricaturing. He died April
5, 1815.
MALCOLM, NORMAN E., educator,
lawyer, legislator, was born June 21, 1862,
in Butte county, Cal. He served as a
member of the thirty-second assembly
of the California state legislature.
MALCOM, HOWARD, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 19, 1799, in
Philadelphia. He was a baptist clergy
man; and one of the founders of the
American Tract society. He was the au
thor of Nature and Extent of the Atone
ment; Bible Dictionary; Christian Rule
of Marriage; and Travels in Southeastern
Asia. He died March 25, 1879, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
MALCOM, THOMAS SHIELDS, clergy
man, author, was born March 23, 1821,
in Hudson, N. Y. In 1846 he went to
Philadelphia as corresponding secretary
of the American Baptist Publication so
ciety. His only publication was a tract
entitled One Honest Effort, which has ap
peared in eight different languages, and
of which several million copies have been
circulated. He died Jan. 5, 188(5, in Phila
delphia.
MALE, JOB, banker, philanthropist,
was born Aug. 24, 1SJ8, in England. In
1884 he built and gave to the city of
Plainfield a library and art gallery, to be
known as the Job Male library and art
gallery. This gift is valued at $25,000,
and the building already contains works
of art worth $10,000 and about 7,000 books.
MALLALIEU, WILLARD FRANCIS,
clergyman, bishop, was born Dec. 11, 1828,
in Sutton, Mass. He received his educa
tion at the East
Greenwich academy,
R. I.; and attended
the Wesleyan acad
emy of Wilbraham,
Mass.; and the Wes
leyan university of
Middletown, Conn.
He filled pastorates
in his church for a
quarter of a cen
tury; and was elect
ed bishop of the
methodist episcopal
church at the general conference held in
Philadelphia in 1884. He has visitea all
the countries in Europe but three; also
Mexico, India, China, Korea and Japan, in
supervising the world-encircling missions
of the methodist episcopal church. For
two years he was presiding elder of the
Boston district of the New England con
ference; and as bishop is located in the
Buffalo diocese.
MALLARY, ROLLIN CAROLUS, con
gressman, was born May 27, 1784, in
Cheshire, Conn. He represented the state
of Vermont in congress from 1820 to
1831. He died April 16, 1831, in Baltimore,
Md.
MALLERY, GARRICK, lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born April 17, 1784, in
Middlebury, Conn. During 1828-31 he was
a member of the Pennsylvania state legis
lature; and 1831-36 was presiding judge of
the third judicial district. In 1836 he
moved to Philadelphia; and for several
years was master in chancery of the su
preme court. He died July 6, 1866, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
MALLERY, GARRICK, soldier, ethnol
ogist, author, was born April 23, 1831, in
Wilkesbarre, Pa. He was an army officer
in charge of the bureau of ethnology from
its foundation in 1879. He was the author
of Calendar of the Dakota Language; In-
ti eduction to the Study of Sign Language
Among North American Indians; Greet
ing by Gesture; Israelite and Indian, a
Parallel in Planes of Culture; and Pic
ture Writing of the American Indians. He
died in 1894.
MALLETT, FRANK JAMES, dean of
Laramie cathedral, was born in Kings
Lynn, England. He has filled rectorships
in southern Ohio and Marquette; and is
now dean of Laramie cathedral. He is
the author of several hymns and carols,
and is also a orilliant lecturer.
MALLETTE, HENRY R., merchant,
state legislator, was born Feb. 23, 1861, in
Hogansburg, N. Y. He moved to Minne
sota in 1877; and is a successful merchant
at Foreston. He has filled numerous po
sitions of trust; was president of the city
council for three terms; and in 1897 was
elected a member of che Minnesota state
legislature.
MALLORY, FRANCIS, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1837 to 1839, and again from 1841 to 1843.
He dieu March 26, 186u, in Norfolk.
MALLORY, GEORGE R., business man,
insurance, was born July 4, 1834, in
Brunswick county, Va. For many years
he was engaged in the fire and life insur
ance! business; and is now clerk of the
county court at Lawrenceville, Va. He has
been prominently identified in the politi
cal affairs of his county and state, and has
filled important positions in various fra
ternal orders.
MALLORY, GEORGE SCOVILL, educa
tor, journalist, was born June 5, 18b«. in
Watertown, Conn. He was assistant pro
fessor of ancient languages in Trinity in
1862-64, and then held the professorship
of literature and oratory till 1872. Since
1866 he has edited the Churchman, a
weekly religious journal published in New
York city.
MALLORY, MEREDITH, congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1839 to 1841.
MALLORY, ROBERT, agriculturist,
congressman, was born Nov. 15, 1815, in
Madison county, Va. He was elected a
representative from Kentucky to the
thirty-sixth congress; and re-elected to
the. thirty-seventh and thirty-eighth con
gresses.
MALLORY, RUFUS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born June 10, 1831, in Cov
entry county, N. Y. In 1858 he settled
in Oregon; and was elected prosecuting
attorney for the first judicial district. In
1862 he was elected to the state legisla
ture; and after serving one session was
appointed prosecuting attorney for the
third judicial district, which office he held
until 1866. In that year he was elected
a representative from Oregon to the for
tieth congress. In 1892 he was president
of the republican state convention of
Portland, Ore., in which city he practices
law.
MALLORY, STEPHEN R., soldier, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, was
born in 1813, in the West Indies. He was
a senator in congress from Florida, hav
ing been elected in 1851, serving contin
uously by re-election until 1861. He was
expelled in 1861, and took part in the re
bellion as secretary of the confederate
navy- He died Nov. 9, 1873, in Pensacola,
Fla.
MALLORY, STEPHEN RUSSELL, na
val officer, lawyer, legislator, congress
man, was born Nov. 2, 1848, in Columbia,
S. C. In 1869 he graduated from the
Georgetown college at Washington, D. C.
He entered confederate army in Virginia
in the fall of 1864, and in the spring
of 1865 was appointed midshipman in
confederate navy. He was admitted to
the bar by the supreme court of Louisiana
in 1872, and removed to Pensacola, Fla.,
in 1874, and began the practice of law.
He was elected to lower house of the leg
islature in 1876, and was elected to the
senate in 1880 and was re-elected in 1884.
He was elected to the fifty-second con
gress, and was re-elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
MALONE, BOOTH, lawyer, orator. In
1885 he was mayor of Beloit, Wis., and
was three times elected district attorney
of Rock county.
Since 1890 he has
practiced his profes
sion in Denver, Col.,
and has attained em
inence as a forcible
and eloquent speak
er. He has twice
been elected presi
dent of the republi
can state league of
Colorado; and is
chairman of the con
gressional committee
of the first district. For four years he has
been first assistant district attorney of
Arapahoe county, in which Denver is
located, and out of thirty-six murder cases
which he has tried within the past six
years, he has secured conviction in thirty-
one cases.
HERRINGSHAW9 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
613
MALONE, WALTER, poet, was born in
1866 in Mississippi. He is a poet of Mem
phis, Tenn., and the author of Songs of
Dark and Dawn.
MALONEY, JOHN BARTHUM, physi
cian, surgeon, was born in November,
1867, in Key West, Fia. After receiving a
liberal education in the Bingham school
of North Carolina, he attended the medi
cal department of the university of Penn
sylvania. He was resident physician of
St. Agnes' hospital of Philadelphia, and
is now a prominent physician of his na
tive city. He has been city health officer,
president of the board of public instruc
tion of Monroe county; medical examiner
of several large insurance companies and
surgeon to the fifth battalion Florida
state troops.
MALTBY, ALBERT E., educator, was
born Oct. 27, 1850, in Pulaski, N. Y. He
received his education at the Fayetteville
academy, and at Cornell university. As
a pupil of Agassiz and Goldwin Smith,
he enjoyed unusual advantages in science
and history. He commenced educational
work as a teacher in the Ury school of
Philadelphia, and in 1878 was appointed
engineer on the survey of the boundary
line between Guatemala and Mexico. In
1880 he filled the chair of mathematics and
astronomy in St. Lawrence university,
New York; in 1884 became professor of
natural sciences in the State Normal
school of Indiana, Pa., and since 1890 Dr.
Maltby has been principal of the State
Normal school of Slippery Rock, Pa. He
is a successful writer on the theoretical
and practical in school methods; and has
the power to inspire others to think and
to work.
MALTBY, ISAAC, author, was born
Nov. 10, 1767, in Northfield, Conn. He
was a Boston author, who was general of
militia; and the author of Elements of
War; Courts Martial and Military Law;
and Military Tactics. He died Sept. 9,
1819, in Waterloo, N. Y.
MALTBY, JASPER ADALMORN, sol
dier, was born Nov. 3, 1826, in Kingsville,
Ohio. In 1861 he entered the volunteer
service as lieutenant-colonel of the forty-
fifth Illinois infantry; and was commis
sioned as brigadier-general of volunteers
in 1863. He died Dec. 12, 1867, in Vicks-
burg, Miss.
MAN, ALR1CK H., railroad president,
was born May 4, 1858, in New York city.
He was president of the Sea Beach and
Brighton railroad from 1886 to 1890.
MANDERSON, CHARLES FREDER
ICK, soldier, lawyer, congressman, United
States senator, was born Feb. 9, 1837,
^^^^^^^ in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1856 he moved to
Canton, Ohio; and
was elected city so
licitor in 1860. In
1861 he entered the
army as first lieu
tenant of company
A, nineteenth regi
ment Ohio infantry;
and rose through the
grades of captain,
major, lieutenant-
colonel and colonel
of that regiment. In September, 1864, he
was severely wounded; and in 1865 was
brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers
for meritorious services. He was subse
quently twice elected district attorney at
Canton, Ohio; and since 1869 has prac
ticed law in Omaha, Neb.; for six years he
was city attorney of Omaha; was elected
to the United States senate as a republican
in 1883; was re-elected in 1888; and was
elected president pro tern, in 1891 to suc
ceed John J. Ingalls.
f
*
MANDEVILLE, CHARLES EDWARD,
clergyman, college president, was born
Aug. 1, 1840, in Red Hook-on-the-Hudson,
N. Y. In 1869 he
was transferred to
the Rock River con
ference, and has
filled pastorates in
the Oakland church,
near Chicago; at Ga
lena, Rockford,
Freeport, Oak Pane,
Englewood and El
gin. For three years
he was president of
Jennings seminary
of Aurora, 111. He
is also a successful lecturer, and has writ
ten much for religious periodicals.
MANDEVILLE, GILES HENRY, cler
gyman, college president, was born Dec.
12, 1825, in New lork city. He was ed
ucated at Rutgers college, the Theolo
gical seminary of New Brunswick, N. J.,
from which institution he graduated in
1851. He has received the degrees of
D. D., and LL. D. ; and has attained suc
cess as one of the leading clergymen of
the reformed church. He has filled pastor
ates in Flushing, Newburgh, and Har
lem, N. Y.; has been president of Hope
college, and corresponding secretary of
the board of education of the reformed
churci. of America.
MANDEVILLE, HENRY, clergyman,
educator, author, was born March 6, 1804,
in Kinderhook, N. Y. He was professor of
moral philosophy and belles-lettres at
Hamilton college in 1841-49. He pub
lished a successful series of readers and
Elements of Reading and Oratory. He
died Oct. 2, 1858, .n Mobile, Ala.
MANEY, GEORGE, diplomat, was a
citizen of Tennessee. In 1882 he was ap
pointed United States minister to Bolivia.
MANGUM, WILLIE PERSON, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, United States sen
ator, was born in 1792, in Orange county,
N. C. He was elected to the North Caro
lina house of commons in 1818; and in
1819 was elected a judge of the superior
court. From 1823 to 1826 he served as a
representative in congress. He was elect
ed a United States senator in 1831; re-
elected in 1841; re-elected for a third term
of six years in 1847; and served from
1842 to 1845 as president pro tern, of the
senate. In 1837 he received eieven elec
toral votes for president of the United
States; and during the administration of
President Tyler was president of the
United States senate. He died Sept. 14.
1861, in Red Moum, N. C.
MANIGAULT, GABRIEL, patriot, was
born April 21, 1704, in Charleston, S. C.
He acquired wealth by commercial pur
suits, and in the beginning of the revo
lutionary war loaned the state a quarter
of a million dollars. He died in 1781, in
Charleston, S. C.
MANLY, BASIL, clergyman, was born
Jan. 28, 1798, in Chatham county, N. C.
He was chosen president of the univer
sity of Alabama, which post he relin
quished in 1855. He engaged in mission
ary travels throughout Alabama, and was
for some time a pastor in Montgomery.
He died Dec. 21, 1868, in Greenville, S. C.
MANLY, BASIL, clergyman, educator,
author, was born Dec. 19, 1825, in Edge-
field, S. C. He was a baptist clergyman
and educator, professor in the Southern
Baptist seminary at Louisville, and the
author of Kind Words Teacher; A Call
to the Ministry; and Bible Doctrine of In
spiration Defended. He died in 1892.
MANLY, CHARLES, governor, was
born in Chatham county, N. C. He was
treasurer of the State university; for a
long time reading clerk of the state house
of representatives; and was governor of
North Carolina from 1849 to 1851. He
died May 1, 1871, in Kaleigh, N. C.
MANLY, JOHN MATTHEWS, author,
was born in 1865, in Alabama. He is the
author of Pre-Shakesperean Drama.
MANLY, MATTHIAS EVANS, lawyer,
jurist, was born April 13, 1800, in Chat
ham county, N. C. He was a member of
the North Carolina state house of com
mons in 1834-35; was elected in 1840 a
judge of the superior court, and filled that
office till I860, when he was chosen a jus
tice of the supreme court. He died July
16, 1881, in New Berne, N. C.
MANN, ABIJAH, legislator, congress
man, was born Sept. 24, 1793, in Fairfield,
N. Y. He was elected to the New York
legislature in 1827, serving by re-elections
until 1830. He was a representative in
congress from 1833 to 1837; and was again
elected to the legislature. He died Sept.
6, 1868, in Auburn, N. Y.
MANN, CYRUS, clergyman, author, was
born April 3, 1785, in Oxford, N. H. He
was a congregational clergyman of West
minster, Mass., in 181o-41; and the author
of Epitome of the Evidences of Christian
ity; and History of the Temperance Re
formation. He died Feb. 9, 1859, in
Stoughton, Mass.
MANN, GEORGE SUMNER, merchant,
author, was born ^ov. 25, 1834, in New
Salem, Mass. He is a member of various
societies, and of the
council of the New
England Historic
Genealogical society.
He held many posi
tions of trust as a
public official in
Boston, Mass., and
was a justice of the
peace of that city.
He is the author of
the Mann Memorial,
a valuable acquisi
tion to genealogical
history of the United States.
MANN, HORACE, lawyer, college presi
dent, state senator, congressman, author,
was born Aug. 4, 1796, in Franklin, Mass.
He was elected to
the state legislature
from Dedham, Mass.
He moved to Boston
in 1834, where he
was elected to the
state senate and
chosen president of
that body. He was
also president of the
^ff Massachusetts board
L of education, which
he was foremost in
founding. He was
elected a member of congress from 1848 to
1853. He was appointed president of An-
tioch college and the Northwestern Chris
tian university at Indianapolis. He pub
lished Lectures on Education; An Educa
tional i'our; Thoughts for a Young Man;
Slavery: Letters and Speeches; Lectures
on Intemperance; and Powers ana Duties
of Women. He died Aug. 2, 1859, in Yel
low Springs, Ohio.
MANN, JAMES, congressman, was born
in Gorham, Maine. He served in both
branches of the Maine legislature; was
paymaster of volunteers during the war;
and was elected to the fortieth congress
as a democrat, taking his seat on the res
toration of the state. He died in Septem
ber, 1868, in New Orleans, La.
614
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MANN, JAMES R., lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 20, 1856, in Bloom-
ington, 111. He was elected alderman from
the thirty-second
ward to the Chicago
city council, and re-
elected in 1894; in
. the city council for
- three years; and was
jj chairman of the ju-
! diciary committee.
I in 1894 he was the
I temporary chairman
* ^^j^MT I "' the republican
^^r^^ I state convention,
10^ r Jfjj^ and in 1895 was the
chairman of the
Cook county republican convention. In
1892 he was appointed a master in
chancery of the superior court of
Cook county, which position he re
signed in 1896. In 1895 he was elect
ed by the South Park commissioners of
Chicago as general attorney for the park
board. He was elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
MANN, JOB, lawyer, congressman, was
born March 31, 1795, in Bethel township,
Pa. Ill 1835 he was elected a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania,
where he served one term. In 1842 he was
appointed state treasurer, which office he
held for three terms; and in 1847 was
again elected to congress, where he serv
ed until 1851, declining a re-election.
MANN, JOEL K., congressman, was
born in 1780, in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1831 to 1835. He died Sept. 4, 1857, in
Montgomery county, Pa.
MANN, MRS. MARY TYLER (.PEA-
BODY), author, was born Nov. 16, 1806,
in Cambridgeport. Mass. She was the au
thor of Flower People; Christianity in
the Kitchen; Culture in Infancy; Life of
Horace Mann; and Juanita, a Romance of
Real Life in Cuba. She died Feb. 11,
1887, in Jamaica Plain, Mass.
MANN, MATTHEW D., physician, sur
geon, author, was born July 12, 1845, in
Milton, N. Y. In 1880 he was called to the
chair of obstetrics and gynaecology in the
medical department of the university of
Buffalo. He is the author of a Manual
of Prescription Writing, and is a frequent
contributor to medical periodicals. His
principal literary work was the editing of
The American System or Gynaecology.
MANN, NETTIE S., poet. She has con
tributed both prose and verse to current
literature, and several of her poems have
been given a place in standard collections.
MANN. SAMUEL E., educator, poet,
was born April 10, 1853, in Lawrence,
Mass. For many years he taught natural
science, mathematics and drawing in the
high school of Middletown, Conn. He is
the author of a volume entitled Florida
Verse.
MANN. WILLIAM BENSON, lawyer,
was born Oct. 27, 1816, in Burlington
county, N. J. He was assistant district
attorney of Philadelphia, and then became
district attorney.
MANN, WILLIAM JULIUS, clergyman,
author, was born May 29, 1819, in Ger
many. He is a lutheran clergyman of
Philadelphia, and the author of Life and
Times of Henry Muhlenberg. He died in
1892.
MANNING, DANIEL, statesman, was
born Aug. 16. 1831, in Albany, N. Y. In
1881 he became vice-president, and in 1882
president, of the National Commercial
bank of Albany, N. Y. He was a park
commissioner in the city of Albany from
1873 to 1884; and in 1885 he was appoint
ed secretary of the treasury of the United
States. He died Dec. 24, 1887, in Albany,
N. Y.
MANNING, JACOB MERRILL, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 31, 1824, in
Greenwood, N. Y. He was a congregation
al clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Old
South church in 1857-82; and the author
of Helps to a Life of Prayer; Half Truths
and the Truth; Not of Man, but of God;
and Sermons. He died Nov. 29, 1882, in
Portland, Maine.
MANNING, JAMES, clergyman, con
gressman, was born Oct. 22, 1738, in Eliza
beth, N. J. He was one of the founders
of Brown university; and when that in
stitution was removed to Providence he
became first president. In 1785-86 he was
a delegate to the continental congress
from Rhode Island. He died July 29, 1791,
in Providence, R. I.
MANNING, JAMl^S H.. journalist, was
born Sept. 22, 1854, in Albany, N. Y. In
1863 he took entire charge of the Albany
Argus, in New York; and in 1888 became
president of the Argus company.
MANNING, JOHN, lawyer, legislator,
was born July 30, 1830, in Edenton, N. C.
In 1861 he was a member of the secession
convention; and op
posed the secession
movement in his
state; hut being
compelled to take
sides, he volunteered
in the confederate
service. In 1870-71
he served with dis
tinction as a member
of congress. In 1875
he was a delegate to
the constitutional
convention of North
Carolina. In 1881 he was a member of the
general assembly; and during 1881-83 was
a member of the commission to codify the
statute laws of North Carolina. Since
1881 he has been professor of law in the
university of North Carolina; and the law
department under his able management
has become the largest school south of
Virginia.
MANNING, JOHN A., manufacturer,
was born Aug. 8, 1838, in Troy, N. Y. He
was the first to make a satisfactory pa
per for flour sacks, and he is also the
largest manufacturer of rope manila pa
per in the world.
MANNING, JOHN LAWRENCE, gover
nor, was born Jan. 29, 1816, in Hickory
Hill, S. C. He was governor of that state
from 1852 to 1854.
MANNING, RANDOLPH, jurist, state
senator, was born May 19, 1804, in Plain-
field, N. J. In 1832 he removed to Michi
gan, where he settled at Pontiac; and was
chosen state senator in 1837, and from
1838 till 1840 held the office of secretary
of state. At the organization of the su
preme court of the state in 1858 he was
chosen an associate justice, and held the
office until his death. He died Aug. 31,
1864, in Pontiac, Mich.
MANNING, RICHARD, soldier, legisla
tor, congressman, governor, was born May
1, 1789, in Sumter district, S. C. He was
frequently in the upper and lower houses
of the South Carolina state legislature;
and was governor of South Carolina for
two years from 1824. He was a represent
ative in congress from 1834 to 1836. He
died May 1, 18o6, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MANNING, ROBERT, pomologist, was
born July 19, i<84, in Salem, Mass. In
1823 he established a pomological garden
in Salem, which at the time of his deai.ii
was unrivaled in the assortment of fruits
that were then cultivated, and contained
nearly one thousand varieties of pears,
besides several hundred more of apples,
peaches, plums, and cherries. He died
Oct. 10, 1842, in Salem, Mass.
MANNING, THOMAS COURTLAND,
soldier, lawyer, jurist, was born in 1831,
in Edenton, N. C. He was elected a lieu
tenant in a Louisiana confederate regi
ment, and in 1863 was /appointed adju
tant-general of the state, with the rank
of brigadier-general. In 1864 he was ap
pointed an associate justice of the su-,
preme court of Louisiana. He died Oct.'
11, 1887, in New York city.
MANNING, VAN H., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 26, 1839, in
North Carolina. He was elected a repre
sentative from Mississippi to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth and forty-seventh con
gresses as a democrat.
MANNVILLE, MRS. HELEN ADELIA
(WOOD), was born in 1839, in New York.
She is a poet of La Crosse, Wis., and the
author of Heart Echoes, a volume of
verse.
MANOGUE, r-ATRlCK, bishop, was
born in 1831, in Ireland. He is a prom
inent Roman catholic bishop of Virginia
City, Nev.
MANROSS, NEWTON SPAULDING,
mining engineer, was born June 20, 1825,
in Bristol, Conn. He visited mines and
metallurgical establishments in Europe;
and in 1853 he was sent with an exploring
expedition to South America, and spent
several months in examining the gold re
gion of the Yuruari between Orinoco and
Amazon rivers. He died Sept. 7, 1862, in
Sharpsburg, Md.
MANSFIELD, EDWARD DEERING,
lawyer, journalist, author, was born Aug.
17, 1801, in New Haven. Conn. He was a
lawyer and journalist of Cincinnati, and
the author of Utility of Mathematics;
Treatise on Constitutional Law; Political
Grammar of the United States; Legal
Rights, etc., of Married Women; Life of
General Scott; History of the Mexican
War; American Education; Memoirs of
D. Drake; Popular Life of General Grant;
and Personal Memories. He died Oct. 27,
1880, in Morrow, Ohio.
MANSFIELD, JARED, educator, au
thor, was born May 23, 1759, in New Ha
ven, Conn. He was a mathematician, pro
fessor at West Point in 1812-28. and pub
lished Essays: Mathematical and Physi
cal. He died Feb. 3, 1830, in New Haven,
Conn.
MANSFIELD, JOHN ALEXANDER,
lawyer, jurist, was born Sept. 20, 1854,
near Bloomfield, Ohio. He entered into
the practice of law in Steubenville, Ohio.
In 1887 he was elected probate judge of
his county, and received the re-election in
1890. In 1892 he resigned his office to take
up the duties of common pleas judge,
which position he still holds.
MANSFIELD, JOHN BRAINARD, au
thor, was born March 6, 1826, in Andover,
Vt. He published with Austin J. Cool-
edge, the first volume of a History of the
New England States, embracing Maine.
New Hampshire, and Vermont. In 1866
he published in Washington, D. C., The
American Loyalist, in which were printed
biographies and speeches of members of
the thirty-ninth congress. He died Oct.
29, 1886, in Effingham, Kan.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
615
MANSFIELD, JOSEPH KING FENNO,
soldier, was born Dec. 22, 1803, in New
Haven, Conn. In 1822 he was assigned to
the engineer corps,
Hi and for the next
three years was an
assistant to the
board of engineers,
then assembled in
New York, and en
gaged in planning
fortifications for the
defense of the har
bors and cities on
the coast. He served
in the Mexican war
as chief engineer un
der General Taylor; was brevetted major
for gallant and distinguished services;
and also served with distinction in the
civil war. He died Sept. 18, 1862, in
Sharpsburg, Md.
MANSFIELD, LEWIS WILLIAM, au
thor, poet, was born in 1816, in Connecti
cut. He is a writer of Cohoes, N. Y., and
the author of The Morning Watch, a book
of verse; Up-Country Letters; and Coun
try Margins.
MANSHIP, ANDREW, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 23, 1824, in Caroline
county, Md. He is a methodist evangelist
of Philadelphia, and the author of Thir
teen Years in the Itineracy; Cherished
Memories; Reminiscences from the Sad
dle Bags of a Methodist Preacher; and
History of Gospel Tents and Experience.
MANSHIP, LUTHER, merchant, legis
lator, was born in Jackson, Miss. In 1894
he was elected a member of the Mississip
pi state legislature.
MANSON, MAHLON D., soldier, legis
lator, congressman, was born Feb. 20,
1820, in Piqua, Ohio. He enlisted as a
private during the rebellion, and became
colonel of the tenth Indiana infantry;
and was appointed brigadier-general of
volunteers in 1862. He was elected to the
forty-second congress from Indiana as a
democrat.
MANSUR, CHARLES H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 6, 1835, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He was prosecuting attorney
of Livingston county, Mo., from 1875 till
1879. He was elected to the fiftieth and
fifty-first congresses, and re-elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat.
MANTLE, LEE, state legislator, was
born in 1851, in England. He has been
alderman and mayor of Butte City; and
was three times eiected to the territorial
legislature of Montana, the last time be
ing made speaker.
MANUCY, DOMINIC, R. C. bishop, was
born Dec. 20, 1823, in St. Augustine, Fla.
He was for some time stationed at the
cathedral of the Immaculate conception,
Mobile, and in 1864 was appointed pastor
of Montgomery, where he continued for
ten years. He died Dec. 4, 1885, in Mobile,
Ala.
MANVILLE, MARION, author, was
born July 13, 1860, in La Crosse, Wis. She
is the author of a work entitled Over the
Divide, a collection of verse.
MANZANARES, FRANCISCO, mer
chant, congressman, was born Jan. 25,
1843, in Abiquiu, N. M. He was elected
to the forty-eighth congress as a demo
crat.
MAPES, CHARLES VICTOR, agricul
tural chemist, journalist, was born July
4, 1836, in New York city. The future of
successful agriculture depends upon arti
ficial fertilizers, and it has been Mr.
Mapes' mission to reduce the discoveries
and investigations of chemistry to actual
practice. He has published various ar
ticles and pamphlets on this subject, and
has held the office of president of the
New York fertilizer and chemical ex
change since its organization.
MAPES, JAMES JAY, chemist, in
ventor, author, was born May 29, 1806, in
New York city. In 1832 he invented a new
system of sugar refining, many features of
which are still in general use; and his
process for the manufacture of sugar from
West India molasses was used in nearly
every state of the vmion. He died Jan.
10, 1866, in New York city.
MAPLE, JOSEPH COWGILL, clergy
man, was born Nov. 18, 1833, in Guernsey
county, Ohio. He has received the de
grees of A. M. and D. D. ; and has filled
pastorates in the oaptist church at Cape
Girardeau, Mo.; Owensboro, Ky. ; Kansas
City, and Springfield, Mo.; and since 1886
has been pastor of the baptist church of
Keokuk, Iowa. For eight years he was
chairman of the state mission board of
Missouri, and has filled other important
positions in the gift of his church. He
was commissioned by the governor of
Missouri to represent the state at the
world's exposition of Paris, France; and
during his absence he extended his trip
through Holland, Belgium, Switzerland,
Italy, and Great Britain; and wrote
Graphic Descriptions 01 his Travels,
which appeared in the Central Baptist of
St. Louis, Mo.
MARABLE, JOHN H., congressman,
was born in Brunswick county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1825 to 1829.
MARBLE, ANNA WARREN, actress,
was born Dec. 1, 1815, in Philadelphia, Pa.
She first appeared at the Holiday street
theatre in Baltimore. Mu., as Rosalie Burn
ers in Town and Country. Her last ap
pearance was in Chicago, 111., in the wm-
ter of 1868-69.
MARBLE, MRS. CALLIE L. BONNEY,
author, was born in Peoria, 111. She has
published two prose works. Wit and Wis
dom of Bulwer; and Wisdom and Elo
quence of Webster. She has written two
operettas, and dramatized Bulwer's Rien-
zi. She is the wife of Earl Marble, the
well-known journalist and author.
MARBLE, DANFORD, actor, was born
in 1807, in East Windsor, Conn. He made
his first appearance on the stage in 1831
as Rollin Roughhead in Fortune's Frolic,
at Chatham garden, New York city, and
then visited all the important cities in the
United States, being successful as a de
lineator of American character. He died
May 13, 1849, in Louisville, Ky.
MARBLE, EARL, journalist, poet, was
born in Ohio. He became the editor and
proprietor of The Great Divide of Den
ver, Colo. He is the author of numerous
operettas and songs, and a volume of
poems.
MARBLE, EDGAR M., lawyer, was a
resident of Michigan. He was an assist
ant attorney-general of the United States
from 1877 to 1880; and was commission
er of patents in the department of the in
terior from 1880 to 1884.
MARBLE, MANTON, journalist, author,
was born Nov. 16, 1835, in Worcester,
Mass. He is a journalist of New York
city, editor and proprietor of The World
in 1862-76; and was one of the founders
of The New York World. He is the au
thor of A Secret Chapter of Political His
tory.
MARBLE, MIL'iON H., poet, was born
March 16, 1839, in Wayne county, Ohio.
He is the author of a number of merito
rious poems.
MARCH, ALDEN, surgeon, author, was
born Sept. 20, 1795, in Sutton, Mass. He
was once a prominent surgeon of Albany,
and the author of Wounds of the Abdo
men; and Improved Forceps for Harelip
Operations. He died June 17, 1869, in Al
bany, N. Y.
MARCH. CHARLES WAINRIGHT,
journalist, author, was born Dec. 15, 1815,
in Portsmouth, N. H. He was a journal
ist and essayist of New York city; and
the author of Daniel Webster and His
Contemporaries; and Sketches in Madeira,
Portugal, and Spain. He died Jan. 24,
1864, in Alexandria, Egypt.
MARCH, DANIEL, clergyman, author,
was born July 21, 1816, in Millbury, Mass.
He is a congregational clergyman, and the
author of Walks and Homes of Jesus;
Night Scenes in the Bible; Our Father's
House; From Dark to Dawn; Home Life
in the Bible; The First Khedive, or Les
sons in the Life of Joseph; and Morning
Light in Many Lands.
MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW, philolo
gist, author, was born Oct. 25, 1825, in
Millbury, Mass. He is a philologist of
distinction, professor at Lafayette college
from 1856, and the successor of James
Russell Lowell in 1891 as president of the
American Language association. He is
the author of Relation of the Study of
Jurisprudence to the Roman Period;
Hamilton's Theory of Perception; Method
of Philological Study of the English Lan
guage; Comparative Grammar of the
Anglo-Saxon Language; and Anglo-Saxon
Reader.
MARCH, WALTER, lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 5, 1814, in Millbury, Mass.
In 1852 he was elected judge of the com
mon pleas district, composed of the coun
ties of Delaware, Grant, and Blackford,
Ind. This position he held till 1856, when
he was chosen state senator from the
counties above named, and served as such
by re-election until 1864. In 1878 he was
elected representative in the legislature
from Delaware county.
MARCH AND, ALBERT G., congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1839 to
1843. He died Feb. 5, 1846, in Greensburg,
Pa.
MARCHAND, DAVID, congressman,
was born in Westmoreland county, Pa.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1817 to 1821.
MARCHAND, JOHN BONNETT, naval
officer, was born Aug. 27, 1808, in Greens-
borough. Pa. He entered the United
States navy in 1828 as midshipman, and
was promoted commodore in 1866. He
died April 13, 1875, in Carlisle, Pa.
MARCHANT, DALTON EDWARD, art
ist, was born Dec. 16, 1806, in Edgartown,
Mass. He settled in Philadelphia in 1845,
and painted many portraits. Among them
are those of John Quincy Adams, Henry
Clay, Andrew Jackson, Bishop Meade,
and that of President Lincoln, now in the
council-chamber of Independence hall,
Philadelphia. He died Aug. 15, 1887, in
Asbury Park, N. J.
MARCHANT, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in April, 1741, in
Martha's Vineyard, Mass. He practiced
law in Newport, R. I.; was attorney-
general of that state from 1770 to 1777;
and was a member of the assembly. He
was a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1777 to 1780, and in 1783 and
1784. From 1790 until his death, he was
judge of the United States district court.
He died Aug. 30, 1796, in Newport.
MARCY, DANIEL, legislator, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Nov. 7, 1809,
in New Hampshire. In 1853 and 1854 he
was a member of the New Hampshire
legislature, and in 1856 and 1857 a state
senator. He was elected a representative
from New Hampshire to the thirty-eighth
congress.
C16
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MARCY, ERASTUS EDGERTON, phy
sician, author, was born Oct. 9, 1815, in
Greenwich, Mass. He is a physician of
New York city, and the author of Theory
and Practice of Medicine; Theory and
Practice of Homoeopathy; Christianity
and its Conflicts; and Life Duties.
MARCY, HENRY ORLANDO, physi
cian, author, was born June 23, 1837, in
Otis, Mass. He is a physician of Cam
bridge, and the author of Anatomy and
Surgical Treatment of Hernia; and pro
fessional translations from the Italian of
Ercolani.
MARCY, HENRY S., railroad president,
was born Jan. 28, 1837, in Hartland, Vt.
In 1889 he became president of the Fitch-
burg railroad at Boston, Mass.
MARCY, OLIVER, educator, was born
Feb. 13, 1820, in Coleraine, Mass. He is
a successful educator; and during the lat
ter part of his life he has been prominent
ly identified with the Northwestern uni
versity of Watertown, Wis.
MARCY, RANDOLPH BARNES, sol
dier, author, was born April 9, 1812, in
Greenwich, Mass. He was a brigadier-
general in the United States army; and
the author of Exploration of the Red
River in 1852; Thirty Years of Army
Life on the Border; The Prairie Traveler;
and Border Reminiscences. He died Nov.
22, 1887, in Orange, N. J.
MARCY, WILLIAM LEARNED, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, governor,
was born in 1786 in Sturbridge, Mass. In
1816 he was appointed recorder of Troy,
N. Y. ; made comptroller in ±o23, and re
moved to Albany. In 1829 he was appoint
ed judge of the supreme court of the
state; and was elected to the United
States senate in 1831. He was elected
governor of New York in 1832, and re-
elected in 1834 and 1836. He was secre
tary of war under President Polk from
1845 to 1849; and secretary of state under
President Pierce from 1853 to 1857. He
died July 4, 1857, in Balston Spa, N. Y.
MARDEN, ORISON SWETT, author,
was born in 1848 in New Hampshire. He
is a Boston writer whose collections of
brief biographies comprise Pushing to the
Front; and Architects of Fate.
MARDIS, SAMUEL W., congressman,
was born in 1801 in Alabama. He was a
representative in congress from Alabama
from 1831 to 1835. He died Nov. 14, 1837,
in Talladega, Ala.
MARIAGER, NAOMI DAGMAR, educa
tor, poet, was born April 26, 1850, in
Denmark. In 1860 she emigrated to Am
erica; has led an eventful life, and has
traveled extensively in the United States
and Europe. She has written extensively
both prose and verse for the Detroit Free
Press, the Overland Monthly, and other
prominent publications; and her poems
have been published in several national
collections.
MARION, FRANCIS, soldier, was born
in 1732 near Georgetown, S. C. By his
successful maneuvers in baffling the Eng
lish in North Caro-
' lina, and still evad
ing capture, he won
the name of the
Swamp Fox. He re
ceived the thanks of
congress for his
wise, decided and
gallant conduct in
defending the liber
ties of his country.
He served a number
of times in the South
Carolina state sen
ate, and received from that body a gold
medal for his patriotism. He died Feb.
29, 1795, near Eutaw, Md.
MARION, ROBERT, congressman, was
born in South Carolina. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1805 to 1810.
MARK, EDWARD LAURENS, educat
or, author, was born May 30, 1847, in
Hamlet, N. Y. He is a successful edu
cator and writer on anatomy and embry
ology of animals, and since 1885 has filled
the chair of anatomy in the Harvard uni
versity. He is the author of Maturation,
Fecundation, and Segmentation of Limax,
a pioneer work in cythology.
MARKELL, CHARLES FREDERICK,
lawyer, diplomat, author, poet, was born
Oct. 16, 1855, in Frederick, Md. He re
ceived an academic
and collegiate educa-
t i o n , graduating
from Columbian uni-
versity of Washing-
ton, D. C., and stud
ied law and was ad
mitted to the bar be
fore attaining his
majority. He twice
represented his city
in the Maryland leg
islature; for three
years edited a -daily
republican newspaper, and was in 1892 ap
pointed by President Harrison secretary
of legation to Brazil. While serving at
this post as. charge d'affaires, he suc
ceeded in inducing the Brazilian govern
ment to remove the onerous expediente
duty upon wheat flour from the United
States. He has written Chamodine, and
Other Poems; Ypiranga, a love tale of
the Brazils; and the Chaskell Papers, a
series of biographical and historical
sketches of his native county.
MARKELL, HENRY, congressman, was
born in Montgomery county, N. Y. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1825 to 1829.
MARKELL, JACOB, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1813 to 1815.
MARKEY, DANIEL PETER, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born June 27, 1857,
in Ingham county, Mich. He is a noted
lawyer of Port Huron, Mich., was judge
of the probate court, has served with dis
tinction as a member of the house of rep
resentatives of the Michigan state legis
lature, and in 1887 was speaker of the
house.
MARKHAM, CHARLES EDWIN, edu
cator, poet, was born April 23, 1852, in
Oregon City, Ore. He is principal in the
Tompkin's Grammar school in Oakland,
Cal., where he is also superintendent of
schools. He is the author of two volumes
of poems: In Earth's Shadow; and Songs
of a Dream Builder.
MARKHAM, ERNEST ARTHUR, phy
sician, legislator, was born Oct. 16, 1853,
in Windsor, Vt. He graduated from the
Eclectic Medical college of New York
city, in which institution he was profes
sor of chemistry in 1885-87. He received
the degrees of A. B. and A. M. from the
Wesleyan university, from which insti
tution he was a graduate. In 1895-96 he
served as a representative in the Connec
ticut general assembly. He is a successful
physician of Durham, Conn., where he has
filled numerous public positions ofhonor.
He is a genealogist of note and the author
of a work on the Markham Family.
MARKHAM, GEORGE E., musician,
poet, was born in 1849, in Broome county,
N. Y. He is a teacher of music of Weep
ing Water, Neb., and is the author of a
number of poems, some of which have
been set to music.
MARKHAM, HENRY HARRISON, law
yer, congressman, governor, was born
Nov. 16, 1840, in Wilmington, N. Y. He
was educated at the
public and private
schools of his native
town, and at Wheel
er's academy of Ver
mont. In 1861 he
moved to Wisconsin,
and entered the
army from that
state. He was with
General Sherman on
his famous march to
the sea, and was se
verely wounded in
February, 1865. He then practiced law in
Milwaukee until 1878, when he moved to
Pasadena, Cal., where for a number of
years he was engaged in gold and silver
mining. He was elected as a represent
ative from California to the forty-ninth
congress, securing the passage of many
important measures for the benefit of Los
Angeles county. He became one of the
managers of the National Soldiers' home
of the United States, and during 1890-95
he filled the high office of governor of
the state of California.
MARKHAM, JARED CLARK, architect,
author, was born Nov. 18, 1816, in Tyring-
ham, Mass. He is an architect who de
signed the Saratoga monument. He is the
author of Appeal in Behalf of National
Monuments; Monumental Art; and His
toric Sculpture.
MARKHAM, OLIVER, gunsmith, in
ventor, was born July 17, 1825, in Middle-
town, Conn. He was a practical gun
smith and the inventor of several parts
of the gun, and a contractor for Sharp's
armory during its entire existence. He
was a member of the Hartford city coun
cil in 1862, and a director of the Central
National bank of Middletown.
MARKHAM, THOMAS BAILEY, cler
gyman, college president, was born in
1832, in Woodford county, Ky. During
1856-93 he was a clergyman of the presby-
terian church in New Orleans, La. He
has been president of the Mississippi col
lege, and preached the funeral oration at
the grave of Jefferson Davis.
MARKHAM, WILLIAM, governor, was
born about 1635 in England. He became
colonial governor of Pennsylvania. He
died June 12, 1704, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MARKHAM, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born Oct. 9, 1811, in Goshen, Conn. For
many years he was mayor of Atlanta, Ga.
He there built the Markham house, and
was called the Father of Modern Atlanta.
He died Nov. 9, 1890, in Atlanta, Ga.
MARKLEY, PHILIP S., congressman,
was born in Montgomery county, Pa. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1823 to 1827, and was
in the latter year appointed naval officer
for the port of Philadelphia.
MARKOE, ABRAM, capitalist, was born
in 1729 in West Indies. In the summer of
1775 he presented the city troop of Phila
delphia with a flag which has historic in
terest as being the first that bore the
thirteen stripes symbolizing the thirteen
colonies that were then asserting their
rights. He died Aug. 28, 1806, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
MARKOE, PETER, poet, was born
about 1753 in the West Indies. He wrote
under the pen-name of A Native of Al
giers; and published a tragedy entitled
The Patriot Chief; Miscellaneous Poems;
a poem called The Times; and Reconcili
ation, a comic opera. He died about 1792
in Philadelphia, Pa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
617
MARKOE, THOMAS MASTERS, sur
geon, author, was born Sept. 13, 1819, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a surgeon of New
York city, professor in Columbia college
from 1860, and author of a Treatise on
Diseases of the Bones.
MARKS, ALBERT S., soldier, lawyer,
governor, was born in October, 1836, in
Daviess county, Ky. He was governor of
Tennessee from 1879 to 1881.
MARKS, ELIAS, educator, author, was
born Dec. 2, 1790, in Charleston, S. C.
He became president of Columbia Female
college, and subsequently founded Bar-
hamville Collegiate institute, near Colum
bia, and conducted it till a short time be
fore the civil war. He died in June, 1886,
in Washington, D. C.
MARKS, WILLIAM, United States sen
ator, was born Oct. 13, 1778, in Chester
county. Pa. He was a senator in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1825 to
1831. He died April 10, 1858, in Beaver,
Pa.
MARLOWE, JULIA, actress, was born
in 1865 in England. She has attained
prominence as one of the foremost ac
tresses in the United States.
MARMADUKE, JOHN SAPPINGTON,
soldier, journalist, governor, was born in
March, 1833, in Saline county, Mo. In
1861 he entered the confederate army as
a colonel; in 1862 was promoted to briga
dier-general, and in 1864 to major-general.
In the year 1884 he was elected governor
of Missouri. He died Dec. 28, 1887, in Jef
ferson City, Mo.
MARMADUKE, MEREDITH MILES,
governor, was born Aug. 28, 1791, in
Westmoreland, Va. In 1840 he was elected
lieutenant-governor of Missouri, and in
1844 became acting governor by the death
of Thomas Reynolds. He died March 26,
1864, in Arrow Rock, Mo.
MAROTZ, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
physician, surgeon, was born Nov. 7, 1855,
in Rock Island, 111. He received his edu
cation in the Iowa State university; holds
a medical degree from the Long Island
College hospital of Brooklyn, N. Y., and
took a post-graduate course at the Belle-
vue Hospital Medical college of New York
city. Since 1883 he has practiced his pro
fession at Sergeant Bluffs, Iowa, where
he is a prominent pharmacist.
MARQUAND, ALLAN, educator, jour
nalist, was born Dec. 10, 1853, in New
York city. He became a fellow of Johns
Hopkins university, and on taking the de
gree of Ph. D. in 1880 returned as tutor
to Princeton, and in 1883 was made pro
fessor of the history of art. He is one of
the editors of the American Journal of
Archaeology, has written on archaeology
and logic for various journals, and edited
Volume three of the Iconoclastic Cyclo
pedia of Arts.
MARQUAND, HENRY GURDON, bank
er, railroad president, was born April 11,
1819. in New York city. For ten years
he was a banker in New York city, and
in 1868 became one of the purchasers of
the Iron Mountain railroad, of which he
was vice-president, and afterward presi
dent until its incorporation in the Mis
souri Pacific system. He is a director in
the latter company, and in many other
corporations.
MARQUETTE, DAVID, clergyman, col
lege president, was born July 19, 1842, in
Clark county, Ohio. He now fills a pastor
ate in Oakdale. He has been presiding
elder of several districts, and for many
years was president of the Nebraska Cen
tral college.
MARQUETTE, T. M., congressman. He
was elected a representative from Nebras
ka to the thirty-ninth congress, but did
not take his seat until the last day of the
last session of that congress.
MARQUISS, SEYMOUR, farmer, legis
lator, was born June 7, 1837, in DeLand,
111. He is a successful farmer of DeLand,
111., and served with distinction in the
fortieth general assembly of the Illinois
state legislature.
MARR, ALEM, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1829 to 1831.
MARR, FRANCES HARRISON, poet,
was born July 2, 1835, in Warrenton, Va.
She is the author of three volumes of
poems entitled Heart-Life in Song; Vir
ginia and Other Poems; and Songs of
Faith.
MARR, GEORGE W. L., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1817 to 1819.
MARR, JOHN QUINCY, soldier, was
born May 27, 1825, in Warrenton, Va.
In 1861 he was elected a member of the
Virginia state convention, and opposed
secession as long as it could be honorably
avoided. He was ordered to the front in
1861, and was in the first encounter be
tween the United States and the confed
erate troops.
MARR, ROBERT ATHELSTAN, naval
officer, was born April 18, 1823, in War
renton, Va. In 1840 he was appointed
midshipman in the United States navy,
and served under Commodore Perry on
the coast of Africa. He took part in the
Mexican war, and fired the first shot in
the naval attack on Vera Cruz. In 1854
he was appointed master. He was lost in
the Caribbean sea with the entire crew of
the United States sloop of war Albany, in
October, 1854.
MARROW, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1805 to 1809.
MARSELUS, NICHOLAS JOHN, cler
gyman, author, was born March 12, 1792.
in Schenectady, N. Y. He published a
sketch of Greenwich church and its pas
torate under the title of Gospel Ministry
and Its Results. He died April 5, 1876,
in New York city.
MARSH, BENJAMIN F., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Nov. 19, 1837,
in Hancock county, 111. In 1876 he was
elected as a republican to the forty-fifth
congress from the then tenth district of
Illinois, and was re-elected to the forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses. In
1889 he was appointed by Governor Ogles-
by railroad and warehouse commissioner,
and held the same four years. In 1892
he was elected as a republican to the
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses, and
was re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
MARSH, BONNER GOELETTE, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Dec.
21, 1859, in Bath, N. C. He is the presi
dent of the American college of Monterey,
Mexico.
MARSH, MRS. CAROLINE (CRANE),
author, was born Dec. 1, 1816, in Berkley,
Mass. She is the author of The Hallig,
or the Sheepfold in the Waters, from the
German of Biernatzki; Wolfe of the
Knoll, and Other Poems; and Life of
George P. Marsh.
MARSH, CHARLES, lawyer, congress
man, was born July 10, 1765, in Lebanon,
Conn. For fifty years he practiced law in
Woodstock, Vt. He served as a member
of congress from 1815 to 1817, and while
in Washington became identified with the
American Colonization society as one of
its founders. He died Jan. 11, 1840, in
Woodstock, Vt.
MARSH, CHARLES DWIGHT, educat
or, author, was born Dec. 20, 1855, in
Hadley, Mass. He is professor of chem
istry and biology in Ripon college. Wis
consin, and is the author of many valuable
papers on entomostraca and lake faunas.
MARSH, DEXTER, paleontologist, was
born Aug. 22, 1806, in Montague, Mass.
At the time of his death his cabinet prob
ably contained the choicest collection of
fossil footprints and fishes then in ex
istence. He died April 2, 1853, in Green
field, Mass.
MARSH, ELIAS J.. publisher, jour
nalist, was born Nov. 9, 1846, in Hancock
county, Ind. In 1871 he came to Portland,
Ind., and purchased the Jay and Adams
Republican, since which time he has had
control of that paper as editor and pro-
Drietor.
MARSH, GEORGE PERKINS, lawyer,
philologist, state legislator, congressman,
was born March 15, 1801, in Woodstock,
Vt. He was a philologist of distinction
and was a member of congress in 1842-61,
when he was appointed minister to Italy
in 1861-82. He was the author of Lectures
on the English Language; Man and Na
ture, rewritten and enlarged with the title,
The Earth as Modified by Human Action;
Icelandic Grammar; Origin and History of
the English Language; and Mediaeval and
Modern Saints and Miracles. He died
July 24, 1882, in Rome, Italy, while serving
as United States minister to Italy.
MARSH, JAMES, college president, au
thor, was born July 18, 1794, in Hartford,
Vt. In 1826 he was elected president of
the university of Vermont, serving until
1833. He is the author of Geography of
the Bible; Spirit of Hebrew Poetry; and
has contributed a number of articles to
journals and newspapers. He died July
3, 1842, in Colchester, Vt.
MARSH, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born April 2, 1788, in Wethersfield, Conn.
He was a congregational clergyman long
prominent as a temperance lecturer; and
the author of Epitome of Ecclesiastical
History; Half Century Tribute to Tem
perance; and Temperance Recollections.
He died Aug. 4, 1864, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
MARSH, LUTHER RAWSON, lawyer,
author, was born April 4, 1813, in Pom-
pey, N. Y. He is a successful lawyer of
New York city; and is the author of a
volume of the anti-slavery speeches of his
father-in-law, Alvan Stewart.
MARSH, OTHNIEL CHARLES, palae
ontologist, educator, author, was born Oct.
29, 1831, in Lockport, N. Y. He is a palae
ontologist, professor at Yale university
since 1866; and the author of Odontor-
nithes; Dinocerata; and Sauropoda.
MARSH, SAMUEL, clergyman, was
born July 3, 1796, in Danville, Vt. He
originated in 1827 the system of colportage
that has since been employed with ex
cellent results by the American Tract
society, the American Sunday School
union, and other religious societies. He
died April 1, 1874, in Underbill, Vt.
MARSH, SYLVESTER, engineer, in
ventor, was born Sept. 30, 1803, in Camp-
ton, N. H. He originated the meat pack
ing industry; invented various appliances;
originated and built Mt. Washington rail
way; and invented the locomotive, cog-
rail, and brakes used thereon. He died
Dec. 30, 1884, in Concord, N. H.
MARSH, TAMERLANE PLINY, clergy
man, college president, was born July 30,
1845, in Orland, Ind. For twenty years
he filled pastorates in the Rock River
conference of the methodist episcopal
church; and was stationed at Oak Park,
Chicago, Rockford, and Evanston. He Is
now president of the Mount Union col
lege of Alliance, Ohio.
MARSHALL, ALEXANDER K., con
gressman, was born in Kentucky. He
was a representative in congress from that
state from 1855 to 1857.
618
HKRR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MARSHALL, ALEXANDER KEITH,
lawyer, author, was born in 1770, in Fau-
quier county, Va. During 1817-21 he pub
lished the Reports of the Court of Appeals
of Kentucky, in three volumes. He died
in 1825, in Mason county, Ky.
MARSHALL, ALFRED, congressman.
He served four years in the Maine legis
lature in 1827, 1828, 1834, and 1835; and
was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1841 to 1843. From 1846 to
1849 he was collector at Belfast, Maine;
and was also, for some years, a general of
the state militia.
MARSHALL, CHESTER C., agricultur
ist, state legislator, was born Sept. 23,
1862, in Hancock county, Ohio. In 1881
he moved to Nebraska, where he estab
lished with his brother, the Arlington
Nursery and Fruit farm. In 1896 he was
elected to the Nebraska state legislature;
and took an active part on various com
mittees.
MARSHALL, CHRISTOPHER, patriot,
was born Nov. 6, 1709, in Ireland. His
Remembrancer is one of the most valuable
diaries that was kept during the revolu
tion. The manuscript was presented to
the Pennsylvania Historical society by his
great-great-grandson, Charles Marshall,
of Germantown. in 1839. He died May 4.
1797, in Philadelphia.
MARSHALL, EDWARD CHAUNCEY,
educator, journalist, author, was born
July 8, 1824, in Little Falls, N. Y. He is
the author of Book of Oratory; History
of the United States Naval Academy; and
Ancestry of General Grant.
MARSHALL. EDWARD COLSTON, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born in 1820 in Woodford, Ky. In
1849 he went to California, where he sat
In the legislature, and was elected to
congress as a democrat', serving from 1851
till 1853. In 1878 he was elected attorney-
general of that state.
MARSHALL, GEORGE A., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 14, 1851, in
Shelby county, Ohio. He served eight
years as prosecuting attorney of Shelby
county, Ohio, being elected in 1878, 1880,
and again In 1883. He was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
MARSHALL, GEORGE ALPHEUS, edu
cator, lawyer, was born Feb. 17, 1836, in
Northumberland, N. H. After receiving
a liberal education
in the common and
grammar schools, he
attended the univer
sity of Vermont, and
received the degrees
of A. B. and A. M.
He has been county
superintendent o f
schools: district at
torney; is promi
nent in several fra
ternal orders; and
has taken an active
part in the public affairs of his county
and state. He has written numerous mag
azine articles for the periodical press;
and since 1867 has practiced his profes
sion in Darlington, Wis. He has made a
complete abstract of titles of his county,
and is the proprietor of the La Fayette
County Abstract company.
MARSHALL, HUMPHREY, botanist,
author, was born Oct. 10, 1722, in Mar-
shallton. He was a famous botanist of
Marshallton, Pa. Arboretum American-
urn, a very valuable work of his, was
translated into a number 01 foreign lan
guages. He died Nov. 5, 1801, in Mar
shallton, Pa.
MARSHALL, HUMrHREY, state legis
lator, United States senator, author, was
born in 1756 in Westmoreland county, Va.
He was among the earliest pioneers to
Kentucky, having gone there in 1780. He
served for many years in the state legis
lature; and was a senator in congress
from 1795 to 1801. He was the author of
the first published History of Kentucky.
He died July 1, 1841, near Frankfort, Ky.
MARSHALL, HUMPHREY, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 12,
1812, in Frankfort, Ky. He was elected
to congress from Kentucky in 1849 as a
representative, and re-elected an 1851.
He was appointed by President Fillmore
commissioner to China, which was imme
diately raised to a first-class mission; and
on his return was elected a representative
to the thirty-fourth congress; and in 1857
was re-elected to congress. He died
March 28, 1872, in Louisville, Ky.
MARSHALL, JAMES, lawyer, jurist.
He was one of the earliest settlers in the
District of Columbia, after the removal
of the seat of government; and in 1801
was appointed circuit judge of the United
States for the District of Columbia.
MARSHALL. JAMES, clergyman, edu
cator, college president, was born about
1834 in Grove, N. Y. He commenced life
as a schoolteacher, and subsequently be
came an eminent clergyman. He found
ed the Westminster Presbyterian church
of Troy, N. Y. ; and built several other
churches. In 1887 he accepted the presi
dency of Coe college of Cedar Rapids,
Iowa. He is best known as an organizer,
pastor and educator; has published nu
merous war sermons, and contributed ex
tensively to church literature. He died
in September. 1896.
MARSHALL, JAMES W., soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
March 31, 1844, in Augusta county, Va.
He was elected to the Virginia senate in
1875, and served four years; and was
elected a member of the general assembly
of Virginia in 1882-83. He was elected
commonwealth attorney for Craig county
in 1884, and served till 1888, inclusive.
He was elected to the Virginia senate in
1891 for term of four years; served in
same session of 1891-92, and was elected
to the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
MARSHALL. JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, statesman, author, was born Sept.
24, 1755, in Germantown, Va. He was a
. member of the Vir
ginia convention to
ratify the constitu
tion of the United
States. He also en
tered the legislature
of Virginia, where
he was a leader. He
was a representative
in congress in 1799.
In 1801 he was con
firmed as chief jus
tice of the supreme
court of the United
States. He wrote a Life of George Wash
ington, and a History of the American
Colonies. He died July 6. 1835, in Phila
delphia.
MARSHALL, JOHN, soldier, journal
ist, was born in 1823 in Virginia. In 1853
he became the owner and editor of the
State Gazette of Austin, Texas. He called
and was the cause of the convening of the
first democratic state convention in Texas,
and was given the title of the Warwick of
Texas. He entered the confederate army
as major of the fourth Texas infantry, and
was promoted to colonel; and was killed
at Gaines Mills in 1862.
MARSHALL, JOHN JAY, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, author, was born
Aug. 4, 1785, in Woodford county, Ky.
He served in the Kentucky legislature
for many years. From 1829 till 1833 he
was reporter of the court of appeals, and
from 1836 till his death he was judge of
the circuit court of Louisville. He pub
lished Reports of Cases at Law and Equity
in the Court of Appeals of Kentucky. He
died in June, 1846, in Louisville, Ky.
MARSHALL, JOSEPH GLASS, jurist,
state legislator, was born Jan. 18, 1800, in
Fayette county, Ind. In 1830 he was ap
pointed judge of the probate court of Jef
ferson county. Ind. Subsequently he
served several terms in both branches of
the state legislature.
MARSHALL, NELLY NICHOL, author,
was born May 8, 1845, in Louisville, Ky.
She is a successful writer of Louisville,
Ky.
MAHbHALL. ORSAMUS HOLMES, au
thor, was born Feb. 13, 1813, in Frank
lin, Conn. He was the author of numer
ous historical works. He nied July 9, 1884,
in Buffalo, N. Y.
MARSHALL, ROUJET D., lawyer, jur
ist, was born Dec. 26, 1847, in Nashua, N.
H. During 1876-83 he was county judge
in Wisconsin; in 1888 was elected circuit
judge, and re-elected in 1894. In 1895 he
was appointed to the supreme bench, and
received the re-election to that office in
1896 for the term expiring in 1908.
MARSHALL, SAMUEL S., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, United States senator,
was born in 1824 in Gallatin county, 111.
He was elected to the Illinois state legis
lature in 1847; was elected state's attor
ney, serving two years; and in 1851 was
elected a judge of the circuit court, in
which position he remained until 1854. He
was elected to the thirty-fourth and
thirty-fifth congresses from Illinois. He
was elected to the thirty-ninth, fortieth,
forty-first, forty-second and forty-third
congresses as a democrat. In 1867 he re
ceived the unanimous vote of his party
in the Illinois legislature for United States
senator.
MARSHALL, T. MARCELLUS, clergy
man, missionary, educator, was born May
17, 1851, in Stout's Mills, W. Va. During
1893-94 he was teacher in the great Indian
school of Carlisle, Pa.; and since 1894 has
been a presbyterian missionary in West
Virginia and Kentucky.
MARSHALL, THOMAS, soldier, was.
born Oct. 27, 1761, in Fauquier county, Va.
He served in the revolution, and attained
the rank of captain. He settled in Ken
tucky in 1790, and was an active mem
ber of the convention that framed the
second constitution of the state in 1799.
He died March 19, 1817, in Mason county.
Ky.
MARSHALL, THOMAS, soldier, was.
born April 13, 1793, in Mason county, Ky.
He was in the Kentucky legislature sev
eral times between 1817 and 1844, serving
one term as speaker of that body, rie
was commissioned a brigadier-general of
volunteers in the Mexican war. and com
manded a Kentucky brigade. He died
March 28, 1853, in Lewis county, Ky.
MARSHALL. THOMAS ALEXANDER,
educator, lawyer, jurist, state legislator,
congressman, was born Jan. 15, 1794, in
Woodford county, Ky. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Kentucky from
1831 to 1835; and was a judge and chief
justice of the court of appeals of Ken
tucky for about twenty years. He was
a professor of law in the Transylvania
college; and also served in the legislature
of Kentucky. He died April 17. 1861, in
Louisville, Ky.
HKRRINUSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
619
MARSHALL, THOMAS ALEXANDER,
lawyer, jurist, journalist, was born March
29, 1812, in Augusta, Ky. He was judge
of the Vicksburg circuit court; and a pub
lisher and editor of Swedes and Marshall's
Reports of the Supreme Court of Missis
sippi.
MARSHALL, THOMAS FRANCIS, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born June
7, 1801, in Frankfort, Ky. He was for
several years judge of the circuit court of
Louisville, and was a representative in
congress from Kentucky from 1841 to
1843. He died Sept. 22, 1864, in Versailles,
Ky.
MARSHALL, WILLIAM, surgeon, was
born May 23, 1827, in Milton, Del. He
served in the national army as surgeon of
the third Delaware regiment, and after the
battle of Antietam was discharged for dis
ability, but he subsequently led a com
pany in the sixth Delaware regiment, and
also acted as surgeon until the close of
the war.
MARSHALL, WILLIAM CHAMPE, law
yer, state legislator, orator, was born
Aug. 9, 1807, in Augusta. Ky. He served
in the Kentucky legislature for many
years. He was a member of the state
constitutional convention of 1850, and
was commonwealth attorney for Bracken
county. He died May 2, 1873, in Augusta,
Ky.
MARSHALL, WILLIAM EDGAR, artist,
was born June 30, 1837, in New York city.
He is best known by his portrait engrav
ings, of which the admirable heads of
Washington, Lincoln and Grant were
especially successful. He made six por
traits of Gen. Grant, the last one just
before the general's death.
MARSHALL. WILLIAM RAINEY, sur
veyor, merchant, financier, state legislat
or, governor, was born Oct. 17, 1825, in
Boone county, Mo. In 1848 he served in
the legislature of Wisconsin, and in 1849
was elected a member of the first terri
torial legislature of Minnesota. During
1866-68 he was governor of Minnesota.
MARSHALL, WILLIS, educator, col
lege president, was born Feb. 17, 1864, iu
Manhattan, Kan. He received his educa
tion at the Washburn college of Topeka.
Kan., and at once entered educational
work. He has been principal of the
Spencer academy, Indian Territory; su
perintendent of the Hunderford academy
of Springville, Utah; and is now presi
dent of the Buena Vista college of Storm
Lake, Iowa.
MARSTON, GEORGE W., musician,
composer, was born May 23, 1840, in Sand
wich, Mass. He is a teacher of piano and
harmony; and has published an album of
German songs. Anthems. Te Deum and
piano pieces.
MARSTON, OILMAN, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, governor, was born Aug. 20,
1811, in Oxford, N. H. In 1845 he was
elected to the New Hampshire legislature,
and served four years. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New Hamp
shire from 1859 to 1863. In 1863 he was
commissioned a brigadier-general. Early
in 1865 he was elected to the thirty-ninth
congress. In 1870 he was appointed gov
ernor of Idaho. He died July 3, 1890, in
Exeter, N. H.
MARTIEN, WILLIAM STOCKTON, pub
lisher, was born June 20, 1798. In 1830, in
connection with others, he began the pub
lication of the Presbyterian in Phila
delphia, and remained its publisher and
principal owner until his death. He died
April 16, 1861, in Philadelphia.
MARTIN, ADAM, educator, clergyman,
college president, author, was born Aug.
9, 1835, in Bavaria. In 1865 he was called
to the presidency of Northwestern univer
sity, Wisconsin. In 1869 he accepted the
professorship of the German language and
literature in Pennsylvania college of
Gettysburg, Pa. He has translated the
large catechism of Luther for the Book
of Concord.
MARTIN, ALEXANDER, soldier, law
yer, governor, United States senator, was
born about 1740 in Guilford county, N. C.
He was in the North Carolina state sen
ate, and was elected speaker. He was
elected governor of North Carolina in
1782, and again in 1789; and was a mem
ber of the convention which framed the
constitution of the United States. From
1793 to 1799 he was United States senator.
He died in November, 1807, in Danbury,
N. C.
MARTIN, ALEXANDER, college presi
dent, clergyman, educator, was born Jan.
24, 1822, in Scotland. In 1875 he became
president of the Indiana Asbury univer
sity in Greencastle, Ind.; and was pro
fessor of Greek at the Allegheny college.
He died Dec. 16, 1893, in Greencastle, Ind.
MARTIN. AUGUSTE MARIE, bishop,
was born about 1820 in France. He was
consecrated in 1853 bishop of the newly
created diocese of Natchitoches, which
comprised the part of Louisiana that lies
north of the thirty-first parallel of lati
tude. He died Sept. 29, 1875, in Natchi
toches, La.
MARTIN, AUGUSTUS N., soldier, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born March 23, 1847, in Whitestown, Pa.
He represented Adams and Wells coun
ties in the Indiana legislature in 1875. He
was elected reporter of the supreme court
of Indiana in 1876 and served for a term
of four years, during which period he
edited and published Indiana Supreme
Court Reports. He was elected to the
fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-third
congresses as a democrat.
MARTIN, BARCLAY, congressman, was
born in South Carolina. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Tennessee from
1845 to 1847.
MARTIN. BENJAMIN F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 2, 1828, in Mari
on county, Va. He was elected a repre
sentative from West Virginia to the forty-
fifth and forty-sixth congresses.
MARTIN, BENJAMIN NICHOLAS, edu
cator, was born Oct. 20, 1816, in Mount
Holly, N. J. He was called in 1852 to the
chair of psychology and cognate sub
jects in the university of the city of New
York, where he also lectured on rhetoric,
belles-lettres, modern history, political
economy, apologetics, and natural the
ology. He died Dec. 26, 1883, in New York
city.
MARTIN, CHARLES D., congressman,
was born in Ohio. He was elected a rep
resentative from that state to the thirty-
sixth congress.
MARTIN, CHARLES H., educator, cler
gyman, congressman. He became a cler
gyman of the baptist church at Polkton,
N. C. In 1896 he was elected a member of
the fifty-fifth congress by the populists.
MARTIN, D. M., soldier, lawyer. He
served with distinction through the civil
war; and attained the rank of brigadier-
general. He has attained eminence at
the bar in Chicago.
MARTIN, DANIEL, governor, was born
in Maryland. He was governor of that
state in 1830. He died July 10, 1830. in
Talbot county.
MARTIN, EDWARD L., railroad presi
dent, was born March 12, 1842, in Mays-
ville, Ky. He is president of the Kansas
City, Pittsburg and Gulf railroad.
MARTIN, EDWARD LIVINGSTON,
lawyer, congressman, was born March 29,
1837, in Seaford, Del. He was elected a
representative from Delaware to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses
as a democrat.
MAR UN, EDWARD SANDFORD, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1856 in New
York. He is a journalist of New York
city; and the author of Sly Ballades in
Harvard China; A Little Brother of the
Rich, and Other Poems; Cousin Anthony
and I, Some Views of Ours; and Wind
falls of Observation.
MARTIN, ELBERT S., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was elected a
representative from that state to the
thirty-sixth congress.
MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER. jour
nalist, lawyer, jurist, author, was born
March 17, 1762, in France. He was ap
pointed judge of Mississippi territory by
Jefferson; in 1813 was attorney-general
of the state of Mississippi; and in 1815 was
made judge of supreme court of Louisi
ana; and chief justice from 1837 to 1845.
He published histories of Louisiana and
North Carolina; Notes and Decisions in
the Superior Courts of North Carolina
from 1787 to 1796; Acts of the North
Carolina Assembly from 1715 to 1803;
Reports of the Superior Courts of
Orleans from 1809 to 1812; Reports,
of the Supreme Court of Louisiana
from 1813 to 1830; and a Digest of the
Territorial and State Laws, in French and
English. He died Dec. 11, 1846, in New
Orleans, La.
MARTIN, FREDERICK S., merchant,
state legislator, congressman, was born
April 25, 1794, in Rutland county, Vt. He
served three years in the New York state
legislature; and was a representative in
congress from New York from 1851 to
1854.
MARTIN, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, was
born June 30, 1815, in Middlebury, Vt. In
1857 he was elected chief justice of Michi
gan for two years; and in 1859 he was
elected a justice of the court for a term
of eight years. He died Dec. 15, 1867, In
Detroit, Mich.
MAKTIN, GEORGE ALEXANDER, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, was born Sept. 3,
1833, in Norfolk county, Va. He enlisted
as a private in the
confederate service
and was promoted to
. lieutenant-colonel. In
I 1881 he was a mem
ber of ..ue Virginia
state senate; has
twice been a dele
gate to the Virginia
uouse of delegates;
in 1883-84 was rail
road commissioner
of Virginia; and in
1888 was presidential
elector of Virginia. He has made his
tory and the classics a special study;
and has contributed extensively to current
literature. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of his native state at Norfolk.
MARTIN, HENRY NEWELL, educator,
biologist, author, was born July 1, 1848, in
Ireland. He was a biologist of note, pro
fessor of biology at Johns Hopkins uni
versity from 1876; and the author of Ine-
Human Body; Practical Biology; and
Handbook of Vertebrate Dissection. He
died in 1896.
MARTIN, HOMER DODGE, artist, was
born Oct. 28, 1836, in Albany, N. Y. His
landscapes are notable for color and at
mosphere. His works include White
Mountains from Randolph Hill; Adiron-
dacks; Thames at Richmond; Evening
on the Saranac; Sand Dunes on Lake On
tario; On the Neck, Newport, R. I.; and:
Old Manor at Criquebceuf, Normandy.
«20
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MARTIN, JAMES, educator, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born May 12, 1796,
in Albany, N. Y. In 1842 he became pro
fessor of didactic theology and Hebrew in
the theological seminary at Cannonsburg,
Pa. He published A Preface designed to
show that the Biblical Psalms only are
to be sung in the Worship of God; an Es
say on the Imputation of Adam's First
Sin to His Posterity; and The Duty of
Submission to Church Rulers Explained
and Defended. He died June 15, 1846, in
•Cannonsburg, Pa.
MARTIN, JAMES DANIEL, educator,
was born May 9, 1864, in Mechanicsville,
S. C. He has been principal in the lead
ing normal schools of North Carolina; has
been regularly engaged as one of the con
ductors of the summer Normal schools
and institutes for the public school teach
ers of the state. He now fills the chair
•of Latin and English in the Normal and
Preparatory school of the Biddle univer
sity of Charlotte, N. C.
MARTIN, JAMES HENRY, educator,
was born June 29, 1864, in Grafton, W. Va.
He received his education at the Philippi
academy, the university of Lebanon, and
the Waynesburg college. He has attained
success as an educator; has been city su
perintendent of Monticello schools; and
Bounty superintendent of Piatt county, 111.
MARTIN, JAMES STEWART, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Aug. 19, 1826, in Scott county, Va. He
moved to Illinois in 1846; and was clerk
of the Marion county court for twelve
years. He entered the army as colonel in
1862, and was brevetted brigadier-general.
He was elected county judge of Marion
«ounty at the close of the war; appointed
pension agent in 1868; and was elected
to the forty-third congress as a repub
lican.
MARTIN, JANE PERCY, author, was
born in England. She is the author of a
novel entitled Lost and Saved; and has
written extensively on subjects of travel.
MARTIN. JOHN, naval officer, state leg
islator, governor, was born about 1730. He
was appointed naval officer at Sunbury,
•Ga., in 1761 ; and was a member of the pro
vincial congress in 1775. He entered the
{Seorgia continental line as captain; and
was lieutenant-colonel in 1781. He was a
member of the legislature from Chatham
•county; was state treasurer in 1783; and
commissioned to make a treaty with the
Creek Indians in 1783. He was governor
of Georgia from 1782 to 1783.
MARTIN, JOHN, lawyer, governor,
United States senator, was born Nov. 12,
1833, in Wilson county, Tenn. In 1857-58
he was postmaster at Tecumseh, Kan.; in
1858-ua was county attorney; and in 1873
he was elected to the Kansas state legis
lature from Topeka; and received the re
election the following year. In 1876 he
was elected governor of Kansas. In 1883
he was appointed a district judge, and
subsequently received the election to that
office. In 1893 he was elected to the
United States senate to fill a vacancy, and
•served during 1893-95.
MARTIN, JOHN ALEXANDER, jour
nalist, governor, was born March 10, 1839,
In Brownsville, Pa. He was a successful
journalist of Atchison, Kan.; and be-
•came governor of Kansas. He died Oct.
10, 1889, in Atchison, Kan.
MARTIN, JOHN HILL, lawyer, jour
nalist, author, was born Jan. 13, 1823, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a lawyer of Phil
adelphia; legal editor of The Intelligencer
since 1881; and the author of Bethlehem
and the Moravians: The Bench and Bar
of Philadelphia; Chester and Its Vicinity;
and Delaware County.
MARTIN, JOHN JACOB, soldier, law
yer, public official, was born in 1826 in
Abbeville, S. C. In 1869 he was appointed
sixth auditor of the treasury in Washing
ton, which position he resigned in 1875,
and was appointed postmaster of Mont
gomery, Ala.
MARTIN, JOHN L., soldier, journalist,
governor, was born March 10, 1839, in
Brownsville, Pa. In 1858 he purchased the
Squatter Sovereign newspaper of Atchi
son, Kan., and changed the name to the
Champion. In 1859 he was elected a state
senator. He resigned to accept the lieu
tenant-colonelcy of the eighth Kansas vol
unteer infantry for service in the union
army; in 1862 was promoted to colonel
of the regiment; and was appointed pro
vost marshal of Nashville. Tenn., serving
for six months. In 1884 he was elected
governor of Kansas.
MARTIN, JOHN MASON, soldier, edu
cator, lawyer, congressman, was born Jan.
20, 1837, in Athens, Ala. In 1871 he was
elected state senator from Alabama to fill
a vacancy; in 1872 was elected for
a full term; and during the latter term
was elected president pro tempore of the
senate. In 1875 he was elected professor
of equity jurisprudence in the university
of Alabama, the term continuing until
1886. In 1884 he was elected a representa
tive from Alabama to the forty-ninth con
gress as a democrat.
MARTIN, JOHN P., state senator, con
gressman, was born Oct. 11, 1811, in Lee
county, Va. In 1828 he moved to
Kentucky. In 1841 he was elected to the
Kentucky legislature, and re-elected the
following year. He was a representative
in congress from Kentucky from 1845 to
1847; and in 1857 was elected to the sen
ate of Kentucky.
MARTIN, JONATHAN McCALEB, law
yer, legislator, was born June 2, 1846, in
Claiborne county, Miss. He received his
education at the university of Virginia,
and soon became a leading lawyer of his
state. He was president of the board of
registrars; for four years was a repre
sentative of the Mississippi legislature;
and for four years a member of the state
senate. For fifteen years he was a trus
tee of the Industrial institute and college
of Columbus, Miss.; and now practices his
profession in Port Gibson, Miss.
MARTIN, JOSEPH JOHN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 21, 1833, in Mar
tin county, N. C. He was elected county
attorney for his native county, which po
sition he held for six years; was elect
ed as a republican solicitor for the
second judicial district of North Caro
lina in 1868, and held the position six
years; and was re-elected in 1874, and
held the office until his nomination for
congress. He was elected to the forty-
sixth congress as a republican.
MARTIN, JOSHUA LANIER. lawyer,
jurist, congressman, governor, was born
Dec. 5, 1799, in Blount county, Tenn. He
was elected a representative in the Ala
bama legislature in 1822; and was subse
quently elected, successively, solicitor, cir
cuit judge, and chancellor. In 1835 he
was elected a representative from Ala
bama to the twenty-fourth congress; and
was re-elected to the twenty-fifth con
gress. In 1845 he announced himself an
independent candidate for governor of
Alabama and was elected, serving until
1847. He died Nov. 2, 1856, in Tuscaloosa,
Ala.
MARTIN, JOSIAH, soldier, governor,
was born April 23, 1737, probably in An
tigua, W. I. He was governor of Norfh
Carolina from 1771 to 1775. He died in
July, 1786, In London, England.
MARTIN, L. A., educator, poet, was
born Jan. 14, 1865, in Fayette county,
Ohio. After receiving a liberal education,
he entered educa
tional work; and in
1889 was school com
missioner of Living
ston county, Ohio.
He has written ex
tensively both prose
and verse for the pe
riodical press; and
for several years was
editor of The Teach
ers' Review, an edu
cational journal pub
lished in Chillicothe,
Mo. He is the author of Hallowe'en and
Other Poems; Random Flashes; Hux-
ter Puck and Other Poems; and other
works.
MARTIN, LARKIN MORRIS, railroad
manager, was born Dec. 6, 1854, in Point
Pleasant, Va. He has been for many
years connected with various railroads as
station agent, general agent, and superin
tendent; and is now the general manager
of the Iowa Central Railway company.
MARTIN, LUTHER, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Feb. 9, 1748, in New
Brunswick, N. J. In 1778 he was appoint
ed attorney-general
of Maryland. He
was a delegate to the
continental congress
in 1784 and 1785; and
was a member of the
convention which
framed the federal
constitution, but was
opposed to its adop
tion, and an elabor
ate speech which he
delivered before the
assembly of Mary
land about the convention caused consid
erable excitement at the time throughout
the country; he acquired distinction by
defending Samuel Chase and Aaron Burr,
in their celebrated trials. In 1814 he was
appointed judge of the court of oyer and
terminer. He died July 10, 1826, in New
York.
MARTIN, MRS. MARGARET [MAX
WELL], educator, author, was born July
12, 1807, in Scotland. She is an educator
of Columbia, S. C.; and the author of
Day Spring; Christianity in Earnest; Re
ligious Poems; and Scenes and Scenery of
South Carolina.
MARTIN, MORGAN L., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a dele
gate to congress from the territory of Wis
consin from 1845 to 1847.
MARTIN, NOAH, governor, was born
in New Hampshire. He was governor of
that state for two years from 1852 to 1854.
MARTIN, R. FURNISS, lawyer, was
born July 10, 1866, in Brazoria county,
Texas. He received his education at the
St. Mary university, and the state uni
versity of Austin, Texas. He has attained
prominence as a leading lawyer of his
native state at Brazoria; and takes an
active part in public affairs.
MARTIN, RICHARD, lawyer, politician,
was born Sept. 14, 1861, in Liverpool, Eng
land. He attended the New York college,
and subsequently took a post-graduate
course in ethics and philosophy, and re
ceived the degree of A. B. He practices
his profession with success in Pawtucket,
R. I., where he is a prominent member
of the republican party. He has been
chairman of the city committee; a clerk
in the house of representatives; and is
prominent in fraternal orders.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
621
MARTIN, ROBERT MOODY, journalist,
was born Oct. 9, 1870, in Marion, S. C. He
is the editor and owner of The Liberty
County Herald of Hinesville, Ga. ; and a
general writer on political economy. He
is prominently identified with the state
democratic executive committee; and
an active member of several fraternal
orders.
MARTIN, ROBERT N., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Jan. 14, 1798, in
Cambridge, Md. He was a representative
in congress from Maryland from 1825 to
1827. He died July 20, 1870, in Saratoga,
N. Y.
MARTIN, S. A., clergyman, educator,
college president, was born Nov. 1, 1853,
in Cannonsburg, Pa. He is an eminent
clergymanand educator; and the president
of Wilson college of Chambersburg, Pa.
MARTIN, S. WESLEY, musician, com
poser, was born Jan. 20, 1839, in Plain-
field, 111. For many years he was em
ployed in conducting musical conventions.
He now resides in San Jose, Cal.; and is
the author of one hundred sheet music
songs; and various music books.
MARTIN, THOMAS STAPLES, was
born July 29, 1847, in Scottsville, Va.
Though not a regularly enlisted soldier, a
considerable part of
the time while he
was a cadet at the
Virginia Military in
stitute was spent in
the military service
of the confederate
states with the bat
talion of cadets of
the institute. Since
1869 he has devoted
himself closely to
law; for a number of
years has been a
member of the board of visitors of the
Miller Manual Labor school of Albemarle
county; and a member of the board of
visitors of the university of Virginia. In
1893 he was elected a senator from Vir
ginia for the term commencing March 4,
1895. His term of service will expire
March 3, 1901.
MARTIN, WILLIAM ALEXANDER
PARSONS, clergyman, missionary, college
president, author, was born April 10, 1827,
in Livonia, Ind. He is a presbyterian
clergyman and missionary, president of
the Tungwen college, Pekin. Among his
writings in Chinese are. Evidences of
Christianity; The Three Principles; Re
ligious Allegories. In English he has pub
lished The Chinese: Their Education,
Philosophy and Letters.
MARTIN, WILLIAM DOBBIN, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 20,
1789, in Martintown, S. C. He was a judge
of the court of common pleas; and was a
representative in congress from South
Carolina from 1827 to 1833. He died Nov.
16, 1833, in Charleston, S. C.
MARTIN, WILLIAM HARRISON, sol
dier, lawyer, state senator, congressman,
was born Sept. 2, 1822, in Twiggs county,
Ga. He was elected
to the Texas state
senate in 1853. and
re-elected in 1855. In
1861 he raised a com
pany for the confed
erate army, and was
mustered into the
fourth Texas regi
ment; was assigned
to Lee's army, and
participated in all
the battles of that
army till the sur
render in April, 1865. He returned to
Athens, and resumed the practice of law.
&
In 1872 he was elected district attorney;
and at the expiration of his term of office
he retired to his farm and ranch, which
he was running when elected to the fifti
eth congress and re-elected to the fifty-
first congress as a democrat.
MARTIN, WILLIAM I., soldier, lawyer.
During the civil war he was in the army
of northern Virginia; was afterward
major-general in the army of the Tennes
see; and now practices law in Vicks-
burg, Miss.
MARTIN, WILLIAM LOGAN, lawyer,
was born Nov. 3, 1850, in Madison county,
Ala. In 1889 he was elected attorney-gen
eral of the state of Alabama.
MARTINDALE, ELIJAH B., journalist,
jurist, was born Aug. 22, 1828, in Wayne
county, Ind. In 1861 he was appointed
judge of the common pleas court for the
district composed of the counties of
Henry, Madison, Hancock, Rush, and De-
catur, Ind. In 1876 he purchased the In
dianapolis Journal, the leading republican
paper of the state, and assumed its active
control.
MARTINDALE, HENRY CLIFTON,
congressman, was born May 6, 1780, in
Berkshire county, Mass. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New York from
1823 to 1831, and again from 1833 to 1835.
He died April 22, 1860, in Sandy Hill, N. Y.
MARTINDALE, JOHN HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, was born March 20, 1815, in Sandy
Hill, N. Y. In 1861 he was commissioned
brigadier-general of volunteers. He sub
sequently became attorney-general of New
York state. He died Dec. 13, 1881. in
France.
MARTINITZ, STANISLAUS VON, phy
sician, surgeon, was born Oct. 8, 1845, in
Bohemia. He graduated from the School
of Medicine in Goe-
then. In 1869 he
emigrated to Amer
ica, and began the
practice of medicine.
He subsequently re
turned to Bohemia
and attended the
clinics of the univer
sity of Prague; and
finally took a course
of medicine in the
Chicago Medical col
lege. In 1893 he was
appointed member of the advisory council
of the medical department at the World's
congress of the World's Columbian expo
sition. He is the author of The Soul's
Functions Within the Human Body, or The
Mind's Functions Within the Nervous
System of Man, a philosophy of interven
ing sciences. He has attained success in
his profession at Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
MARTYN, ELIZA LAMB, poet, was
born July 8, 1845, in Charlton, Mass. She
is the author of a number of poems.
MARTYN, MRS. SARAH TOWNE*
[SMITH], author, was born Aug. 15, 1805,
in Hopkiuton, N. H. She was a writer of
Sunday-school semi-historical fiction
whose home was in New York city.
Among her many works are comprised
Huguenots of France; William Tyndale;
and Lady Alice Lisle. She died Nov 22,
1879, in New York city.
MARTYN, WILLIAM CARLOS, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 15, 1841, in
New York city. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman of New York city; and the author
of History of the Huguenots; History of
the English Puritans; The Pilgrim Fath
ers of New England; History of the Dutch
Reformation; and Lives of John Milton,
John B. Gough, Wendell Phillips, William
E. Dodge.
MARVIN, DUDLEY, lawyer, congress
man, was born in May, 1786, in Lyme,
Conn. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1823 to 1829.
In 1844 he moved to Ripley; and was
again elected to congress, serving from.
1847 to 1849. He died June 25, 1856, in
Ripley, N. Y.
MARVIN, ENOCH MATHER, bishop,
author, was born June 12, 1823, in War
ren county, Mo. He was a bishop of the
methodist church south; and the author
of The Work of Christ; Sermons; and To
the East by Way of the West. He died
Dec. 3, 1887, in St. Louis, Mo.
MARVIN, FRANCIS, manufacturer,
congressman, was born March 8, 1828, in
New York city. He was educated at pri
vate schools in that city; entered upon
a commercial career, and has been en
gaged in the promotion, construction, and
operation of railways, water supply com
panies, bridges, the manufacture of illu
minating gas, and in banking; and has
filled many local offices. He was elected
to the fifty-third congress from New York.
MARVIN, JAMES M., congressman,
was born Feb. 27, 1809, in Ballston, N. Y.
In 1846 he was elected to the house of as
sembly; and in 1862 was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the thirty-
eighth congress. He was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth and fortieth congresses as
a republican.
MARVIN, JONATHAN JONES, soldier,
lawyer, poet, was born Sept. 23, 1822, in
Hammond, N. Y. He settled in Falls City,
Neb.; was prosecuting attorney of his
county; was postmaster for three years;
and for fifteen years was a justice of the
peace. He is the author of a number of
meritorious poems, many of which have
been incorporated into standard collec
tions.
MARVIN, RICHARD P., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in New York. He
served in the assembly of that state from
Chautauqua county in 1836; and was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1837 to 1841. In 1855 he was elected
a judge of the supreme court of that state.
MARVIN, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was a citizen of Florida. He was appoint
ed United States judge for the southern
district of that state.
MARYOTT, E. EDGAR, physician, au
thor, was born Sept. 29, 1845, in North
btonington, Mass. He is the author of
The New Medical World, a popular work
on hygiene and progressive medicine.
MASH, SAMUEL LEWIS, lawyer, was
born Nov. 15, 1868, in Vicksburg, Miss.
When a youth he moved to Des Moines,
Iowa, in which city his father was a
blacksmith. In 1889 he was admitted to
the bar, and has since practiced his pro
fession with success. He was a delegate
at large to the national democratic con
vention in 1892; was the author of the
civil rights bill of Iowa; and was instru
mental in having it become a law in 1893.
MASON, AMISTEAD THOMSON, sol
dier, United States senator, was born in
1787 in Loudoun county, Va. He was a col
onel in the war of 1812; and was a United
States senator from Virginia from 1816
to 1817. He was killed in a duel Feb. 6,
1819, in Bladensburg, D. C.
MASON, MRS. CAROLINE ATHER-
TON [BRIGGS], author, poet, was born
July 27, 1823, in Marblehead, Mass. She
was a verse-writer of Fitchburg, Mass.,
whose poem, Do They Miss Me at Home,
was long a popular song. She was the
author of Utterance, a Collection of Home
Poems; The Lost Ring, and Other Poems;
and Rose Hamilan, a tale. She died in
1890.
HKRRINUSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MASON, CHARLES, astronomer, was
born in 1730 in England. In 1763 he was
•commissioned to survey the boundary line
between Pennsylvania and Maryland by
the respective proprietors of these col
onies. He died in February, 1787, In Phil
adelphia, Pa.
MASON, CHARLES, journalist, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 24, 1804, in Pompey,
N. Y. He was acting editor of the New
York Evening Post in 1837 and 1838; chief
justice of the superior court of Iowa from
1838 to 1847; commissioner to draft a code
of laws for the state of Iowa in 1848; and
judge of Des Moines county court in 1851
and 1852. He was United States commis
sioner of patents from 1853 to 1857. He
died Feb. 25, 1882, in Burlington, Iowa.
MASON, CHARLES 0., poet. He is a
writer of Glens Falls, N. Y.; and the
author of a number of poems.
MASON, MRS. CLARA STEVENS AR
THUR, poet, was born in 1844 in Maine.
She is the author of The Cherry Blooms of
Yeddo, a volume of poems.
MASON, DAVID HASTINGS, journalist,
author, was born Jan. 8, 1828, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He is a Chicago journalist who
has published a Short Tariff History of
the United States.
MASON, EBENEZER PORTER, astron
omer, was born Dec. 7, 1819, in Washing
ton, Conn. He attained eminence as an
astronomer. He died Dec. 20, 1840, in
Richmond, Va.
MASON, EMILY VIRGINIA, educator,
author, poet, was born Oct. 15, 1815, in
Lexington, Ky. She was a nurse in con
federate hospitals and after the civil war
an educator in Paris. She edited a col
lection of Southern Poems of the War,
and wrote a Popular Life of General
Robert E. Lee.
MASON, ERSKiNE, clergyman, was
born April 16, 1805, in New York city. He
was pastor of a presbyterlan church at
Sehenectady in 1827; and of the Bleecker
Street church in New York in 1830. From
1836 till 1842 he was professor of ecclesi
astical history in Union Theological sem
inary. He died May 14, 1851, in New York
city.
MASON, ERSKINE, surgeon, author,
was born May 8, 1837, in New York city.
From 1879 till 1882 he was clinical lec
turer on surgery in Bellevue Hospital
Medical college, New York city. Among
his frequent contributions to medical pe
riodical literature may be mentioned those
•on Lumbar Colotomy; The Operation of
Laparotomy, with a Case; Perityph-
litis; and Amputation at the Hip Joint.
He died April 13, 1860, in New York city.
MASON, GEORGE, statesman, was born
in 1726 in Doeg's Neck, Va. He was a
member of the Virginia legislature, and
in 1776 drafted the declaration of rights
and constitution of Virginia, and was
known as the Father of States' Rights.
In 1777 he was a delegate to the conti
nental congress; and in 1787 was a mem
ber of the convention to frame the fed
eral constitution. He was elected first
United States senator from Virginia but
•declined, and retired to private life. Hi
<lied Oct. 7, 1792, in Gunston Hall on the
Potomac.
MASON, GEORGE CHAMPLIN, archi
tect, author, was born July 17, 1820, In
Newport, R. I. He was an architect of
Newport, R. I.; and the author of New
port and Its Environs; Application of
Art to Manufactures; The Old House Al
tered; Life and Works of Gilbert Stuart;
and Reminiscences of Newport. He died
:in 1894.
MASON, JAVAN K., clergyman, poet,
was born Sept. 20, 1817, in Bethel, Maine.
He has been chaplain of the Maine state
prison; and for over a quarter of a cen
tury an overseer of Bowdoin college. He
has contributed extensively to religious
literature, and is the author of a number
of poems and hymns.
MASON, JACOB CASWELL, educator,
clergyman, was born Jan. 10, 1845, in
Union county, Ky. He received his edu
cation in the Princeton college, Ky., and
the Cumberland university. He was first
lieutenant of the Illinois state guards at
the age of eighteen; and for many years
was engaged in educational work. Dur
ing 1870-78 he was pastor of the Chris
tian church of Bethany, Ark.; and in
1878-83 filled a pastorate at Okolona, Ark.
The succeeding three years he was a state
evangelist; then a pastor at Texarkana;
and since 1890 has been engaged in the
ministry at Houston, Texas.
MAbuN, JAMES B., congressman. He
was a member of the Rhode Island house
of representatives for many years; and
for a part of the time was speaker. He
was a representative in congress from
Rhode Island from 1815 to 1819.
MASON, JAMES LOUIS, soldier, was
born in 1817 in Providence, R. I. He par
ticipated in the war with Mexico, and at
tained the rank of brigadier-general. He
died Sept. 5, 1853, in San Francisco, Cal.
MASON, JAMES MURRAY, congress
man, United States senator, was born
Nov. 3, 1798, on Mason's Island, Va. In
1826 he was elected to the Virginia house
of delegates, and twice re-elected; and
was a presidential elector in 1833. He was
a representative in congress from 1837 to
1839; in 1847 was elected a senator in
congress in the place of Senator Penny-
backer, and re-elected in 1849, in which
position he continued until 1861. He was
expelled from the senate in July, 1861. He
died April 28, 1871, in Alexandria, Va.
MASON. JEREMIAH, lawyer, United
States senator, author, was born April 27,
1768, in Lebanon, Conn. In 1802 he was
appointed attorney-general of New Hamp
shire; and from 1813 to 1817 was a sen
ator in congress. An edition of his Life
and Letters was published for private cir
culation in 1875. He died Nov. 14, 1848, in
Boston, Mass.
MASON, JOHN, soldier, author, was
born in 1600 in England. He was a Puri
tan soldier who held a place in the esti
mation of the Massachusetts Bay Puritans
corresponding to that filled by Miles Stan-
dish among the Pilgrims. He was the au
thor of History of the Pequot War. He
died in 1672 in Norwich, Conn.
MASON, JOHN, clergyman, was born
in 1734 in Scotland. Believing that the
causes that divided the presbyterians of
Scotland did not exist in the United
States, he labored for their union into one
denomination, and a general union of the
reformed presbyterians was effected under
the title of the associate reformed church.
Of this body Dr. Mason was the first mod
erator. He died April 19. 1792, in New
York city.
MASON, JOHN C.. congressman. He
was born in Kentucky; was elected a rep
resentative from that state to the thirty-
fifth congress.
MASON, JOHN MITCHELL, clergyman,
author, was born in 1770 in New York. He
was a presbyterian clergyman of New
York city, long famous as a pulpit orator,
his Oration on the Death of Alexander
Hamilton being especially noted. He was
the author of Letters on Frequent Com
munion; and Plea for Sacramental Com
munion on Catholic Principles.
MASON, JOHN S., soldier, was born
Aug. 21, 1824, in Steubenville, Ohio. He
was promoted major in 1864, and brevetted
colonel and brigadier-general, in the regu
lar army in 1865, for gallant and meritori
ous services during the war.
MASON, JOHN THOMSON, jurist, legis
lator, congressman, was born in May,
1815, in Montpelier, Md. In 1838 he was
elected a member of the legislature of
Maryland, and re-elected in 1839. He was
a representative in congress from 1841
to 1843, being at that time the youngest
man in congress. In 1851 he was elected
by the people, under the new constitution
of the state, a judge of the court of ap
peals, which position he filled until 1857,
when he resigned, and was appointed col
lector of the port of Baltimore. He died
March 28, 1873, in Annapolis, Md.
MASON, JOHN YOUNG, jurist, legis
lator, congressman, was born April 18,
1799, in Greensville, Va. He was a federal
judge of the eastern district court of Vir
ginia; and judge also of the general court
of Virginia. He served about ten years
in the state legislature; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1831 to 1837. He was a member of Presi
dent Folk's cabinet, first as attorney-gen
eral, and secondly as secretary of the
navy. He died Oct. 3, 1859, in Paris,
France.
MASON, JONATHAN, congressman,
United States senator, was born Aug. 30,
1752, in Boston, Mass. He was a senator
of the United States from Massachusetts
from 1800 to 1803; and a representative in
congress from that state from 1817 to 1820.
He died Nov. 1, 1831, in Boston, Mass.
MASON, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 30, 1828, in
Plattsburg, N. Y. He was county judge
of Madison county, N. Y., from 1864 to
1868; was collector of internal revenue
from 1871 to 1876; and was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses as a
republican.
MASON, LOWELL, musician, composer,
was born Jan. 8, 1792, in Medford, Mass.
He was the first musician who received
the degree of doctor of music in America.
He was author and compiler of many col
lections of choice music, and to him Mas
sachusetts is indebted for introducing
music into the public schools. Bethany
alone would have rendered his name im
mortal. He died Aug. 11, 1872, in Orange,
N. Y.
MASON, MELANCTHON WELLS, in
ventor, was born in 1805 in Cheshire,
Mass. While he was master mechanic of
the Syracus* and Auburn railway he in
vented many important improvements in
locomotives that have since come into
general use. He is perhaps best known by
his locomotive head-light, which he per
fected in 1842. He died June 20, 1875, in
Rochester, N. Y.
MASON, MOSES, congressman, was
born in 1791. He was a representative in
congress from Maine from 1834 to 1837;
and subsequently a member of the state
executive council. He died June 25, 1866,
in Bethel, Maine.
MASON, OTIS TUFTON, ethnologist,
author, was born April 10, 1838, in East-
port, Maine. He is an anthropologist of
note, and the author of The Hupa Indian
Industries; Woman's Share in Primitive
Culture; The Origins of Invention; The
I^and Problem; Cradles of the North Am
erican Indians; and The Antiquities of
Guadeloupe.
IIKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
623
MASON, RICHARD BARNES, soldier,
was born Jan. 16, 1797, in Fairfax county,
Va. He was brevetted major in 1829 for
ten years' faithful service in one grade,
and brigadier-general in 1848 for meri
torious conduct. He died July 25, 1850, in
St. Louis, Mo.
MASON, RICHARD SHARP, clergyman,
author, was born Dec. 29, 1795, in West
Indies. In 1829 he was elected president
of Hobart college of New York, having
the previous year become rector of St.
Matthew's at that place. In 1835 he was
called to be the head of a similar educa
tional institution at Newark, Del. In
1840 he returned to North Carolina, hav
ing been called to the rectorship of Christ
church, Raleigh, where he labored for
thirty-five years until his death. He was
the author of A Letter to the Bishop of
North Carolina on the Subject of his
Late Pastoral; and The Baptism of In
fants Defended from the Objections of
Anti-Paedobaptists. He died in 1875 in
Raleigh, N. C.
MASON, SAMSON, congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1835 to
1843, and was afterward a member of the
convention which framed the state con
stitution.
MASON, THOMSON, lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born in 1733 in Virginia. In
1778 he was appointed a member of the
first supreme court of Virginia. He died
in 1785 in Virginia.
MASON, STEVENS THOMSON, soldier,
legislator, United States senator, was born
in 1760 in Chapawansic, Va. He was an
officer in the revolutionary war, attain
ing to the rank of general. He was a
member of the Virginia house of bur
gesses, and a presidential elector in 1792.
He was a senator of the United States
from Virginia from 1794 to 1803; a mem
ber of the convention to frame the con
stitution of Virginia; and a member of
the state legislature. He died May 10,
1803, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MASON, STEVENS THOMSON, lawyer,
governor, was born in 1811 in Loudoun
•county, Va. In 1831 he was appointed
secretary of the territory of Michigan,
and became acting governor. In 1835,
when the territory became a state, he
was unanimously elected its first gov
ernor, and at the end of his term was re-
elected. He died Jan. 4, 1843, in New
York city.
MASON, WILLIAM, legislator, con
gressman, was born in Connecticut. He
served in the legislature of New York
from Chenango county from 1820 to 1822;
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1835 to 1837.
MASON, WILLIAM, pianist, composer,
was born Jan. 24, 1829, in Boston, Mass.
In 1855-56 he established, in connection
with Theodore Thomas, a series of clas
sical soirees. These concerts became
known as the Mason and Thomas soirees,
which were continued until 1868. He has
published about forty compositions for
the piano-forte, and is the author of two
piano-forte methods, and also a system of
Piano-forte Technics.
MASON, WILLIAM E., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, United States senator,
was born July 7, 1850, in Pranklinville, N.
Y. Since 1872 he has maintained a law of
fice in Chicago, 111. He was elected to the
general assembly in 1879, and to the state
senate in 1881. He was elected to the
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses and de
feated for the fifty-second in the land
slide of 1892. He was elected to the
United States senate Jan. 20, 1897, by a
strict party vote. He took his seat March
4, 1897, and his term of service will ex
pire March 3, 1903.
MASON, WILLIAM POWELL, lawyer,
author, was born Dec. 9, 1791, in Boston,
Mass. He published Reports of Cases in
the Circuit Court of the United States
for the First Circuit, from 1816 to 1830,
in five volumes; and a second series in five
volumes. He died in 1867.
MASSIE, CHARLES WILLIAM, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 11, 1849, in Adair
county, Ky. For nearly a quarter of a
century he has been actively engaged in
the practice of law; has been county at
torney of Palo Pinto county, Texas, and
has served with distinction as special dis
trict and county judge of that county. In
1884-85 he was commissioner for Texas to
the exposition at New Orleans.
MASoui, NATHANIEL, pioneer, sol
dier, state senator, was born Dec. 28, 1763,
in Goochland county, Va. At the begin
ning of the nineteenth century he was
one of the largest land-owners in Ohio.
He was active in the early Indian wars,
was state senator, and for one term
speaker, major-general of militia for sev
eral years, and a member of the Ohio con
stitutional convention of 1802. He died
Nov. 13, 1813, in Paint Creek Falls, Ohio.
MASTERS, JOSIAH, lawyer, jurist, leg
islator, congressman, was born Oct. 22,
1763, in Woodbury, Conn. He was a
prominent member of the New York state
legislature in 1792, 1800, and 1801, when
he was appointed associate judge of Rens-
selaer county. From 1805 to 1809 he was
a representative in congress. In 1808 he
was chosen first judge of the court of
common pleas of the county, which office
he held until his death. He died June 30,
1822.
MASTERS, SILAS W., merchant, cler
gyman, was born Oct. 15, 1868, in Perry
county, Ohio. He received the rudiments
of his education in the public schools of
Columbus, Ohio; and is a graduate of the
Ohio Wesleyan university. For many
years he was engaged in mercantile busi
ness in which he was very successful. In
1890-91 he was business manager of the
Franklin County Farmers' Alliance, a
successful Ohio newspaper. He is now
pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church
at Piketon, Ohio.
MASTIN, CLAUDIUS HENRY, surgeon,
was born June 4, 1826, in Huntsville, Ala.
In 1849 he graduated from the medical
department at the university of Pennsyl
vania; and the following year went
abroad, studying in Edinborough, Paris
and London. On his return he settled in
Mobile, Ala., where he has since practiced,
chiefly as a surgeon. During the civil
war he served as a surgeon in the con
federate army. In 1883 he was vice-presi
dent of the American Surgical associa
tion. He has invented several surgical
instruments, and contributed largely to
medical journals.
MASURY, JOHN W., manufacturer, in
ventor, was born Jan. 1, 1820, in Salem,
Mass. He established a large paint store
in Brooklyn, N. Y., which is known as
Masury and Son. He was the inventor of
a mill for grinding colors in quick drying
varnish to an impalpable fineness.
MATHER, COTTON, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 12, 1663, in Boston.
Mass. Of his many works his Magnalia
Christi Americana is the most noted. His
connection with the Salem witchcraft is
said to be more the fault of the age than
the man, as his philanthropy was rare
for that age. He was pastor of the
North church in 1683-1728, and his fath
er's colleague for the greater part of that
period. Among other works are Wonders
of the Invisible World; Christian Philoso
pher; Psalterium Americanum; Manduc-
tio ad Ministerium; Memorable Provi
dences Relating to Witchcraft; Essays to
Do Good; The Armor of Christianity;
Batteries Upon the Kingdom of the Devil;
and Death Made Easy and Happy. He
died Feb. 13, 1728.
MATHER, ELEAZER, clergyman, was
born May 13, 1637, in Dorchester, Mass.
He was ordained minister over the first
church that was organized in Northamp
ton, Mass., in 1658, and retained that pas
torate till his death. He died July 24,
1669, in Northampton, Mass.
MATHER, FRED, pisciculturist, author,
was born in August, 1833, in Albany, N. Y.
He is a pisciculturist of note, and the au
thor of Ichthyology of the Adirondacks.
MATHER, FREDERIC GREGORY,
journalist, was born Aug. 11, 1844, in
Cleveland, Ohio. In 1874 he became man
aging editor of the Times at Binghamton,
N. Y., and in 1875 editor-in-chief of the
Republican in the same city, but resigned
the place in 1879. He wrote editorials for
the Albany Evening Journal in 1880.
MATHER, INCREASE, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born June 21,
1639, in Dorchester, Mass. He was a con
gregational clergyman of Boston, pastor
of the North church, and president of
harvard college in 1685-1701. Of his near
ly one hundred printed works, the most
noted is the Remarkable Providences,
which was entitled by its author An Essay
for the Recording of Illustrious Provi
dences, an effort to prove by induction the
existence of mundane supernatural forces.
He died Aug. 23, 1723, in Dorchester,
Mass.
MATHER, MARGARET, actress, was
born in 1862 in Canada. She opened her
career in 1882 as Juliet, at McVicker's
theater, Chicago, and her success was
instantaneous. She died in 1898.
MATHER, MOSES, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 23, 1719, in Lyme, Conn.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Darien, Conn., from 1744 till his death,
who was of much prominence in his day
as a controversialist. He was the author
of Systematic View of Divinity; Infant
Baptism Defended; and Election Sermons.
He died Sept. 21, 1806, in Darien, Conn.
MATHER, RICHARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1596 in England. He
was a puritan clergyman who came from
England in 1635, and was minister at
Dorchester 1636-69. He was one of the
three divines who prepared The Bay
Psalm Book. A Treatise on Justification
is as important as any of his many writ
ings. He died April 22, 1669, in Dorches
ter, Mass.
MATHER, RICHARD HENRY, educa
tor, author, was born Feb. 12, 1835, in
Binghamton, N. Y. He secured for Am-
herst college the finest collection of plas
ter casts in the United States. He has
edited Greek text-books for use in col
leges, which have passed through several
editions. The principal ones are Herod
otus; selections from Thucydides, the
Electra of Sophocles; abstract of lectures
upon sculpture; and the Prometheus
Bound of yBschylus.
MATHER, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born July 5, 1650, in Dorchester,
Mass. He was one of the trustees of Yale
from 1700 till 1724, and published several
religious books, among them The Dead
Faith; and On Renouncing Our Righteous
ness.
624
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MATHER, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 28, 1674, in Boston,
Mass. He wrote several religious works,
including The Godhead of the Holy
Ghost; and A Vindication of the Holy
Bible. He died in England.
MATHER, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 30, 1706, in Boston,
Mass. He was a congregational clergy
man of Boston who succeeded his father
and grandfather as pastor of the North
church, but in 1741 became the head of
a new church, of which he was pastor till
his death. He was the author of Life
of Cotton Mather; Essay on Grati
tude; and America Known to the An
cients, an attempt to prove the Japhetic
origin of the first inhabitants of the
American continent. He died June 27,
1785, in Boston, Mass.
MATHER, SAMUEL HOLMES, finan
cier, lawyer, banker, was born March 20,
1813, in Washington, N. H. He organized
the Society for Savings in Cleveland, Ohio.
He has been president of the bank for
many years, and his judgment upon finan
cial ventures and investments is consid
ered of great value.
MATHER, WILLIAM WILLIAMS, geol
ogist, author, was born May 24, 1804, in
Brooklyn, Conn. He was a geologist of
Ohio, and the author of Geology of the
First Geological District. He died Feb.
26, 1859, in Columbus, Ohio.
MATHESON, JOHN G.. farmer, state
legislator, poet, was born Feb. 27, 1846,
in Walworth county, Wis. In 1890 he was
elected a member of the Nebraska state
legislature. He is the author of a num
ber of meritorious poems, which have ap
peared in standard collections.
MATHEWS, ALBERT, lawyer, author,
was born Sept. 8, 1820, in New York city.
He is a lawyer of New York city, and
the author of Walter Ashwood, a Love
Story; A Bundle of Papers, by Paul Sieg-
volk; Thoughts on Codification of the
Common Law; and Ruminations, and
Other Essays.
MATHEWS, CORNELIUS, author, was
born Oct. 28, 1817, in Port Chester, N. Y.
He was an author and playwright of New
York city, among whose non-dramatic
works are, Indian Book of Fairy Tales;
The Enchanted Moccasins, and Other Le
gends; Money-Penny, a romance; Jacob
Leisler; The Politicians; and Witchcraft.
He died March 25, 1889, in New York
city.
MAI HEWS, EDWARD D., business
man. In 1889 Mr. Mathews bought the
Ballon property in Utica, N. Y., and estab
lished the Utica Highlands, which has
since become an important part of Utica.
He also has controlling interest in the
Trenton Falls Power company, of which
he is also president; and is connected
with other large business enterprises.
MATHEWS, GEORGE, soldier, states
man, was born in 1739 in Augusta county,
Va. He represented Georgia in the first
congress, served from 1781 till 1791, and
was governor of Georgia in 1793-96. He
was subsequently brigadier-general of
militia, and in January, 1811, was author
ized by the president to take possession of
West Florida, and captured Amelia Island.
He died Aug. 30, 1812, in Augusta, Ga.
MATHEWS, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
was born Sept. 21, 1774, near Staunton, Va.
On the organization of the Louisiana Ju
diciary he became presiding justice of the
supreme court. He died Nov. 14, 1836, In
Bayou Sara, La.
MATHEWS, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1841 to
1845.
MATHEWS, JAMES McFARLANE,
clergyman, author, was born March 18,
1785, in Salem, N. Y. He was a reformed
Dutch clergyman of New York city, at one
period chancellor of the university of the
City of New York. He was the author of
What Is Your Life? The Bible and Men
of Learning; and Fifty Years in New
York. He died Jan. 28, 1870, in New York.
MATHEWS, JOANNA H., author. She
is a writer of Sunday-school tales, among
which are, The Bessie Books; and The
Sunbeams.
MATHEWS, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, governor, was born in 1774 in
Charleston, S. C. He was first speaker of
the South Carolina state house of repre
sentatives after the dissolution of the
royal government in 1776; and the same
year became an associate of the supreme
court of South Carolina. He served in
the continental congress in 1778-82. He
succeeded Edward Rutledge as governor
of South Carolina in 1782. He died Nov.
17, 1802, in Charleston, S. C.
MATHEWS, JULIA A., author. She is
a writer of Sunday-school fiction, among
which are, Bessie Harrington's Venture;
Jack Granger's Cousin; and Drayton Hall
Series.
MATHEWS, LEWIS DODSON, lawyer,
was born Aug. 17, 1854, in Yadkin county,
N. C. In 1870 he moved to Kansas, stud
ied law and is now a leading attorney of
Mound City, Kan. He was a member of
the board of education and has filled other
positions of honor.
MATHEWS, VINCENT, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born June 29,
1766, in Orange, N. Y. He was elected a
state representative from New York in
1793, and in 1796 was chosen a state sen
ator. From 1809 to 1811 he was a repre
sentative in congress, and in 1812 was ap
pointed district attorney for a number of
counties in western New York. Toward
the close of his life he served again in
the assembly of the state, and was dis
trict attorney for Monroe county. He
died Aug. 23, 1846, in Rochester, N. Y.
MATHEWS, WILLIAM, educator, au
thor, was born July 28, 1818, in Water-
ville, Maine. He is an educator and es
sayist of Chicago, and later of Boston;
and the author of Hours with Men and
Books; Getting on in the World; The
Great Convergers; Literary Style; Men,
Places, and Things; Oratory and Orators;
Wit and Humor, their Use and Abuse;
and Nugae Litterarise.
MATHEWS, WILLIAM SMITH BAB-
COCK, musician, author, was born in
1837 in New Hampshire. He is a musi
cal critic of Chicago, and the author of
Outline of Musical Form; Dictionary of
Music and Musicians; How to Understand
Music; and New Musical Miscellanies.
MATHEWSON, ELISHA, state legislat
or, United States senator, was born April
18, 1767, in Scituate, R. I. He was at dif
ferent periods a member of the general
assembly of Rhode Island; once speaker
of the house; and was a senator in con
gress from that state from 1807 to 1811.
He died Oct. 14, 1853, in Scituate, R. I.
MATHIOT, JOSHUA, congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1841 to
1843. He died July 30, 1849, in Newark,
Ohio.
MATHIS, JULIETTE ESTELLE, jour
nalist, poet, was born in Glens Falls, N.
Y. She is a prolific writer and journalist;
is a well-known poet of California, and
many of her songs have been set to music.
MATIGNON, FRANCIS, clergyman, au
thor", was born in 1753 in France. He is
considered the pioneer of the Roman cath
olic church in New England. He wrote
Rules of the Confraternity, or Associa
tion of the Holy Cross. He died Sept. 19,
1818, in Boston, Mass.
MATILE, GEORGE AUGUSTE, edu
cator, lawyer, jurist, author, was born
May 30, 1807, in Switzerland. He was
professor of history at Princeton in 1855-
58, and then accepted the chair of French
literature in the university of Pennsyl
vania. After 1863 he held various govern
ment posts in Washington, and he was.
translator of the interior department at
the time of his death. He died Feb. 6, 1881,
in Washington, D. C.
MATLACK, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Gloucester county, N. J. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1821 to 1825. He died Jan. 15,
1840, in Woodbury, N. J.
MATLACK, TIMOTHY, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1730 in Haddon-
field, N. J. He was colonel of a Penn
sylvania battalion, and did good service,
and was a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1780 to 1781. He was for many
years master of the rolls, and resided at
Lancaster a long time, and was after
wards register of one of the Philadelphia
courts. He died April 15, l&.rf, in Holmes-
burg, Pa.
MATSON, AARON, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1770 in Plymouth,
Mass. He was for many years judge of
probate in Cheshire county, N. H.; was a
state councilor from 1819 to 1821; and a
representative in congress from New
Hampshire from 1821 to 1825. He died
July 18, 1855, in Newport, Vt.
MATSON, COURTLAND C., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born April 25,
1841, in Brookville, Ind. He enlisted in
the union army at the breaking out of the
rebellion, and served until its suppression
in 1865, rising to the rank of colonel. He
served three terms as prosecuting attor
ney of Greencastle. He was elected a
representative from Indiana to the forty-
seventh congress, and was re-elected to
the forty-eighth congress.
MATTACKS, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, gov
ernor, was born March 4, 1777, in Hart
ford, Conn. He became eminent at the
bar, and served several years in the Ver
mont state legislature and in the militia,
of which he was brigadier-general in the
war of 1812-15. He was elected to con
gress as a whig in 1820; served in 1821-
23, was defeated at the next election,
and returned in 1824, serving in 1825-27.
He was judge of the superior court of
Vermont in 1833-34; a member of the con
stitutional convention of 1835, and in 1841-
43 was for the third time in congress, de
clining a re-election to accept the office
of governor, which he held in 1843-44. He
died Aug. 14, 1847, in Peacham, Vt.
MATTESON, JOEL ALDR1CH, govern
or, was born Aug. 2, 1808, in Watertown,
N. Y. He was governor of Illinois from
1853 to 1857. He died Jan. 31, 1883, In
Chicago, 111.
MATTESON, ORSAMUS B., congress
man, was born in New York. He was
elected a representative from that state
to the thirty-first, thirty-third, thirty-
fourth, and thirty-fifth congresses.
MATTESON, TOMPKINS HARRISON,
artist, was born May 9, 1813, in Peter
borough, N. Y. He began to paint por
traits with some success in 1839, and was
brought into favorable notice by his Spirit
of '76, which the American Art union
purchased. His works include The First
Sabbath of the Pilgrims; Examination of
a Witch; Perils of the Early Colonists;
Eliot Preaching to the Indians; First
Prayer in Congress; and Rip Van Win
kle's Return from the Mountains. He died
Feb. 2, 1884, in Sherburne, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
625
MATTHEWS, CHARLES PHILO, elec
trical engineer, physicist, author, was
born Sept. 18, 1867, in Fort Covington, N.
Y. He is now the associate professor of
electrical engineering in the Purdue uni
versity; has made a special study of light
sources, and is a skilled photometrist. He
is the author of several monographs on
subjects of an electrical nature, and the
joint author of two text-books.
MATTHEWS, CLAUDE, farmer, legis
lator, governor, was born Dec. 14, 1845, in
Bethel, Ky. He attended the schools in
Maysville, Ky., af
terward taking the
regular course in the
Centre college, from
which institution he
graduated in 1867. In
1868 he married Mar
tha R. Whitcomb,
daughter of James
Whitcomb, twice
governor and United
States senator from
Indiana. The same
year he moved to
Indiana, settling on a farm near Clinton,
which is still his home. In 1890 he was
elected secretary of state; and at the close
of his term was elected governor, and was
inaugurated Jan. \>, 1893. He had pre
viously served with distinction as a state
representative in the Indiana state legis
lature. He died in September, 1898.
MATTHEWS, ELIZABETH KINSEY,
educator, was born April 15, 1852, in
Smithfield, Ohio. She has attained suc
cess in educational work as a training
teacher, and was at one time principal
of the Des Moines Training School for
Teachers. For a period of ten years she
taught in the nrst grade of the public
schools of Des Moines, and for seven
years was principal in the same schools of
the training school. Sne has established
a line of work known as pedagogy by cor
respondence, in which she has been emi
nently successful. She is prominent in
the Des Moines Women's club; was one
of the prime movers in the Woman's
Round Table, and its first president.
MATTHEWS, GEORGE, soldier, con
gressman, governor, was born in 1739, in
Augusta county, Va. He was a represent
ative in congress from Georgia from 1789
to 1791. He was afterward brigadier-gen
eral of Georgia militia; and was gover
nor of Georgia in 1780. He died Aug. 30,
1812, in Augusta, Ga.
MATTHEWS, HENRY MASON, soldier,
educator, governor, was born in 1834, in
Greenbrier county, Va. He was for sev
eral years a professor in Allegheny col
lege, Pennsylvania; and was a major of
artillery in the confederate army during
the civil war. He was a member of the
state constitutional convention of West
Virginia in 1871; was elected attorney-
general of the state in 1872; and was
elected governor in 1876, and served four
years. He died April 29, 1884, in Lewis-
burg, W. Va.
MATTHEWS, JAMES BRANDER, au
thor, was born Feb. 21, 1852, in New Or
leans, La. Among his many writings the
more important are, The Theatres of
Paris; French dramatists of the 19th
Century; Margery's ixivers, a Comedy;
The Last Meeting, a Story; The Secret of
the Sea, and Other otories; A Family
Tree, and Other Stories; The Story of a
Story; Tom Paulding; Studies of the
Stage; Americanisms and Briticisms;
Vignettes of Manhattan; His Father's
Son; Introduction to the Study of Ameri
can Literature; The Royal Marine; and
Tales of Fantasy and Fact.
40
MATTHEWS, JAMES NEWTON, phy
sician, author, poet, was born in 1852, in
Indiana. He is a physician and poet of
Mason, 111.; and the author of Tempe
Vale, and Other Poems.
MATTHEWS, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, governor. He was
the first speaker of the South Carolina
house of representatives of that state af
ter the dissolution of the royal govern
ment in 1776. The same year he was as
sociate justice of the supreme court; and
from 1778 to Iv82 he was a delegate to
the continental congress. He was gover
nor of South Carolina from 1782 to 1783;
and in 1784, on the establishment of the
court of equity, was appointed one of the
judges. He died in November, 180^, in
Charleston.
MATTHEWS, JOHN, educator, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 19, 1772, in
Guilford county, N. C. He became presi
dent of the Presbyterian Theological sem
inary at Hanover, Ind. He continued in
this office seventeen years, and was for a
part of that time vice-president of Han
over college. He was the author of Di
vine Purpose Displayed in the Works of
Proviuence and Grace; and Influence of
the Bible. He dieu May 19, 1848, in New
Albany, Ind.
MATTHEWS, ROYAL, lawyer, banker,
state senator, was born Oct. 3, 1859, near
Davenport, Iowa. For six years he prac
ticed law in Davenport, Iowa; is now a
successful banker of McPherson, Kan.;
and in 1897 he was elected a member of
the Kansas state senate as a republican.
MATTHEWS, STANLEY, soldier, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, author,
was born July 21, 1824, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. He was elected a senator in con
gress to fill a vacancy, serving in 1877-
79. In 1881 he was appointed a justice of
the supreme court of the United States.
He was the author of A Summary of the
Law of Partnership for the Use of Busi
ness Men. He died March 22, 1889, in
Washington, D. C.
MATTHEWS, WASHINGTON, physi
cian, surgeon, author, was born in 1843, in
Ireland. He is a surgeon in the regular
army, well known as an ethnologist.
Among his writings are included a Gram
mar of the Language of the Hidatsa; Eth
nography and Philology of the Hidatsa In
dians; and Gentile Organization of tne
Navajo Indians.
MATTHEWS, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1797 to 1799.
MATTHEWS, WILLIAM CHARLES,
lawyer, author, was born April 2, 1859, in
Cornwall, England. In 1877 he moved to
Colorado; has been clerk of the district
court for two years; and is now a suc
cessful lawyer of Lrolden. He is the au
thor of a work entitled Colorado Probate
Practice.
MATTHIAS, \ViLLIAM, educator, cler
gyman, was born Dec. 19, 1836, in Med-
ford, N. Y. He attended the public schools
of Philadelphia and
Mount Holly, N. J.,
and graduated from
Harper's Hebrew in
stitute. He first was
a local preacher in
the methodist epis
copal church, and
has since attained
eminence as a cler
gyman in that de
nomination; and has
filled pastorates in
Michigan, New Jer
sey, and North Carolina. He has been
superintendent of public schools in Michi
gan; and is a well known Hebrew scholar.
MATTICE, BURR, lawyer, jurist, was
born in July, 1856, in Schoharie county, N.
Y. In 1889 he was elected district attor
ney of Otsego county, N. Y.; and in 1893
was elected county judge, a position which
he still fills.
MATTISON, HIRAM, clergyman, con
troversialist, author, was born Feb. 11,
1811, in Norway, N. Y. He was a method
ist clergyman of New York city, active as
a controversialist, and the autnor of Bi
ble Doctrine of Immortality; The Trinity
and Modern Arianism; Tracts for the
Times; Impending Crisis; Defense of
American Methodism; and Popular
Amusements. He died Nov. 24, 1868, in
Jersey City, N. J.
MATTOCKS, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, governor, was born in 1776, in
Hartford, Conn. He was judge of the su
preme court of Vermont; was a repre
sentative in congress from 1821 to 1825,
and from 1841 to 1843; and was governor
of the state one year. He died Aug. 14,
1847, in Peacham, Vt.
MATTOON, EBENEZER, soldier, con
gressman, was born Aug. 19, 1755, in Am-
herst, Mass. In 1797 he was a president
ial elector; was a major in the war of
1812; and sheriff of Hampshire. He was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1801 to 1803, having suc
ceeded L. Lyman, resigned; and in 1816
was chosen adjutant-general of militia.
He died Sept. 11, 1843, in Amherst, Mass.
MATTOON, STEPHEN, clergyman, ed
ucator, was born May 5, 1816, in Cham
pion, N. Y. He completed his popular
translation of the New Testament into
Siamese in 1865, and it was printed that
year complete at the Presbyterian mis
sion press at Bangkok, Siam. He died
Aug. 15, 1889, in Marion, Ohio.
MATURIN, EDWARD, educator, author,
poet, was born in 1812, in Ireland. He was
an educator of New York city. Beside Ly
rics of Spain and Erin, he was the author
of several historical novels, comprising
Eva; Bianca; Montezuma; Benjamin; and
the Jew of Grenada. He died May 25,
1881, in New York city.
MATZ, NICHOLAS, bishop, was born
April 6, 1850, in Alsace-Lorraine. In 1874
he was ordained priest and appointed as
sistant pastor of the cathedral of Denver;
and he was transferred in 1877 to the pas
torate of Georgetown, Col. After building
a church, school, and hospital, which lat
ter he placed under the charge of the Sis
ters of St. Joseph, he exchanged this par
ish for the new one of St. Anne's, East
Denver. Here he labored with the same
zeal until he was nominated in 1887 coad
jutor of Bishop Machebeuf, of Colorado.
MAUCK, JOSEi-H W., educator, col
lege president, was born Aug. 17, 1852,
in Cheshire, Ohio. For three years he
was professor of Greek in the Hillsdale
college, Michigan; and professor of Latin
in the same college during 1881-83. Since
1891 he has been president of the state
university of South Dakota.
MAUL, JOSEPH, governor. He was
acting governor of Delaware in 1846, hav
ing previously been elected lieutenant-
governor.
MAURICE, JAMES, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1853
to 1855.
MAURY, ABRAHAM P., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee, from 1835 to 1839. He died
July 22, 1848, in Williamson county, Tenn.
MAURY, ANN, author, was born in
September, 1803, in England. She was
the author of Memoirs of a Huguenot Fam
ily. Sne died in January, 1876, in New
York city.
626
HERRINGSHAW9 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MAUrtY, DABNEY HERNDON, soldier,
author, was born May 21, 1822, in Fred-
ericksburg, Va. He was a confederate ma
jor-general in the civil war, and the au
thor of Skirmish Drill for Mounted
Troops; and Recollections of a Virginian
in the Mexican, Indian, and Civil Wars.
MAURY, FRANCIS FONTAINE, sur
geon, journalist, was born Aug. 9, 1840,
in Philadelphia, Pa. For two years he
edited the Photographic Review of Medi
cine and Surgery, and he published num
erous reports of medical and surgical
cases. He was a surgeon to Jefferson
Medical College hospital, and the Phila
delphia hospital, and during the civil war
had charge for a time of an army hospital.
He died June 4, 1879, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MAURY, MATTHEW FONTAINE,
scientist, author, was born Jan. 14, 1806,
in Virginia. He was a once famous scien
tist, for many years in charge of the hy-
drographieal office at Washington, as well
as of the naval observatory. During the
civil war he entered the confederate ser
vice, and in 1868-73 was a professor in the
Virginia Military institute .at Lexington.
He was the author of Treatise on Naviga
tion; Physical Geography of the Sea;
Wind and Current Charts; Physical Ge
ography for Schools; and The World We
Live In. He died Feb. 1, 1873, in Lex
ington, Va.
MAURY, MRS. SARAH MYTTON
(HUGHES), author, was born Nov. 1,
1808, in England. She was the author of
Etchings from the Caracci; The Eng
lish Woman in America; The States
men of America; and Progress of the
Catholic Church in America. She died in
October, 1849, in Virginia.
MAUTE, ANDREW, journalist, legisla
tor, was born June 28, 1844, in France.
He learned the printing business, and be
came foreman of the
Nevada state print
ing office. He has
been the publisher of
the Carson Inde
pendent; editor and
manager of the Aus
tin Reveille; and is
now the editor and
proprietor of the
Belmont Courier.
For eight years he
served with distinc
tion as a state sena
tor in the Nevada legislature, and has ta
ken an active paiv in the legislation of
Nevada. He is a member of the board of
honorary visitors of the Nevada State
university, and takes an active part in
public affairs.
MAVERICK. PETER, engraver, was
born Oct. 22, 1780, in New York city.
Among his line engravings are portraits
of Henry Clay; Bishop Benjamin Moore,
and Andrew Jackson, he died June 7.
1831, in New York city.
MAXCY, JONATHAN, educator, college
president, was born Sept. 2, 1768, in Attle-
borough, Mass. In 1792 he became presi
dent of Brown college. In 1802 he was
elected to the presidency of Union college.
In 1804 he was chosen first president of
South Carolina college, which had been
just established at Columbia. He died
June 4, 1820, in Columbia, d. C.
MAXCY, VIRGIL, lawyer, legislator,
was born about 1785, in Attleborough,
Mass. He was a member of both houses
of the Maryland legislature; solicitor of
the United States treasury, and charge
d'affaires to Belgium. He published Com
pilation of the Laws of Maryland from
1692 to 1809, in four volumes; Oration be
fore the Phi Beta Kappa Society. He was
accidentally killed Feb. 28. 1844.
MAXEY, SAMUEL BELL, soldier, law
yer, state senator. United States senator,
was born March 30, 1825, in Monroe coun
ty, Ky. He moved to Texas in 1857, and
in 1861 was elected state senator for four
years, but declined to serve, and raised
the ninth Texas infantry for the confed
erate service, and was made colonel. He
was brigadier-general in 1862, major-gen
eral in 1864; commanded the district of
the Indian territory from 1863 to the close
of the war, and was also superintendent
of Indian affairs. In' 1874 he was elected
United States senator from Texas; and
was re-elected for the term ending in 1887.
MAXSON, EVA E.. educator, poet, was
born in New Lebanon, N. Y. She began
her literary career before the civil war.
and is still actively
engaged in the work,
although the greater
part of her time is
devoted to teaching.
She has contributed
both prose and verse
to current literature,
and several of her
songs have been set
to music. Her poems
have been given a
place in Poets of
America, Poets and
Poetry of Iowa, and various other stand
ard collections.
MAXSON. FREDERICK. musician,
composer, was born June 13, 1862, in Bev
erly, N. J. Since 1884 he has been organ
ist and choir master of the Central con
gregational church of Philadelphia, Pa.
He is the author of a considerable num
ber of church services'.
MAXWELL, AUGUSTUS EMMETT,
railroad president, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born Sept. 21, 1820, in
Elberton, Ga. In 1847 he was elected to
the assembly of Florida; was secretary of
state in 1848; a state senator in 1849; and
was a member of congress from 1853 to
1857. In 1866 he was appointed president
of the Pensacola and Montgomery rail
road.
MAXWELL, GEORGE C., congressman,
was born in New jersey. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1811 to 1813.
MAXWELL, GEORGE TROUP, soldier,
physician, author, was born Aug. 6, 1827,
in Bryan county, Ga. In 1848 he gradu
ated from the medi
cal department of
the university of the
city of New York.
Until 1857 he prac
ticed medicine in
Tallahassee, Fhi..
when he was ap
pointed surgeon of
the marine hospital
at Key West. In
1860 he became pro
fessor of obstetrics
in the Oglethorpe
Medical college of Savannah; but a year
later he enlisted as a private in the first
Florida regiment, and was subsequently
promoted to brigadier-general. In 1866 he
was elected to the Florida state legisla
ture; and since 1871 has made Middle-
town, Del., his home. He claims to have
invented the laryngoscope independently
several months before Professor Czer-
mach announced his discovery. He has
published pamphlets on Malarial, Haemo-
globinuria; The Negro Problem; and An
Address on Municipal Hygiene. He is a
member of the leading medical bodies of
America and Europe.
I
MAXWELL, HUGH, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1787, in Scotland. He was made
assistant judge-advocate general in the
United States army in 1814; and in 1819
was elected district attorney for New
York county, serving by successive re-
elections until 1829. From 1849 till 1852
he was collector of the port of New York.
He died March 31, 1873, in New York city.
MAXWELL. J. P. B., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1805, in New Jersey.
He was a representative in congress from
1837 to 1839, and again from 1841 to 1843.
He died Nov. 14, 1845, in Belvidere, N. J.
MAXWELL, LEWIS, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representative
in congress from that state from Ia27 to
1833.
MAXWELL, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, congressman, was born May
20, 1826, in Syracuse, N. Y. He was elect
ed a representative from Cass county to
the Nebraska territorial legislature; was
elected to the legislature in 1864, and re-
elected in 1865. He assisted in framing
the constitution of 1866; and was elected
to the first state legislature in 1866. He
organized the First National bank of
Plattsmouth about 1870. He was elected
judge of the supreme court as a republican
in 1872 for a term of six years. He lo
cated in Fremont in 1873; and was elected
in 1875 a member of the third constitu
tional convention. He was elected the
same year judge of the supreme court un
der the new constitution, and was re-
elected in 1881 and 1887. He is the au
thor of a Digest of Nebraska Reports;
Practice in Justice Courts; Pleading and
Practice; Criminal Procedure, and Code
Pleadings. He was elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a fusionist.
MAXWELL, SIDNEY DENISE, soldier,
journalist, author, was born Dec. 23, 1831,
in Centreville, Ohio. Since 1871 he has
been superintendent of the Cincinnati
chamber of commerce, and is now its stat
istician. In addition to pamphlets and
the annual reports of the chamber of
commerce, he has published The Suburbs
of Cincinnati; and The Manufactures of
Cincinnati and their Relations to the Fu
ture Progress of the City.
MAXWELL, THOMAS, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1829 to 1831.
MAXWELL, THOMPSON, soldier. He
was a member of the Boston tea party in
1773; and helped to frame and adopt the
Massachusetts constitution. He also serv
ed in the war of 18i2. He died in 1835.
MAXWELL, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born in Ireland. In 1775 he represented
Sussex county in the New Jersey provin
cial congress. When the revolutionary
war broke out he was made colonel of the
second New Jersey regiment; and in 1776
attained the rank of brigadier-general.
He died Nov. 12, 1798, in Sussex county,
N. J.
MAXWELL, WILLIAM HENRY, edu
cator, journalist, author, was born March
5, 1852, in Ireland. In 1882 he was elected
associate superintendent of public in
struction of the city of Brooklyn, and in
1887 was advanced to the post of superin
tendent. He is the author of First Book
in English; Introductory Lessons in
English Grammar; and Advance Lessons
in English Grammar.
MAY. ALBERT QUITMAN, was born
June 17, 1858, in Simpson county. Miss. He
served one term as sheriff of his county,
and declined the re-election in 1881. Dur
ing 1884-94 he was circuit and chancery
clerk of his county; and in 1894 his name
was put forward as a member for con
gress. In 1895 he was appointed state
treasurer of Mississippi.
HESRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
627
MAY, CAROLINE, author, poet, was
born in 1820, in England. She is a writer
of New York city, and the author of
American Female Poets; The Woodbine,
a Holiday Gift; i-oems; Hymns on the
Collects; and Lays of Memory and Affec
tion.
MAY, MRS. CELESTE, lecturer, poet,
was born Oct. 20, 1850, in Lee county,
Towa. She is an ardent advocate of tem
perance, in the cause of which she has
lectured extensively throughout the
United States. She is the author of a vol
ume of poems entitled Sounds of the
Prairie.
MAY, EDWARD HARRISON, soldier,
artist, was born in 1824, in England. His
works include The Dying Brigand (in the
Philadelphia academy of fine arts) ;
Christopher Columbus signing his Will in
Prison; Lady Jane Grey presenting her
Tablets to the Governor of the Tower;
and Franklin playing at Chess with Lady
Howe. He died May 17, 1887, in Paris,
France.
MAY, HENRY, lawyer, congressman,
was born Feb. 13, 1816, in Washington, D.
C. He was a representative in congress
from Maryland from 1853 to 1855; and was
re-elected to the thirty-seventh congress.
He died Sept. 25, 1863, in Baltimore, Md.
MAY, JOHN WILDER, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born Jan. 29, 1819, in Attle-
borough. Mass. He was a jurist of Bos
ton, and the author of The Law of Insur
ance; Law of Crimes; and Criminal Law.
He died Jan. 11, 1883, in Boston, Mass.
MAY, JOSEPH LEE, journalist, poet,
was born June 11, 1867, in Rutherfordton,
N. C. He is a son of the late Rev. Daniel
May. an eminent homilist in the North
Carolina conference of the methodist epis
copal church, south. He is a poet of high
order, a graceful prose writer, and a suc
cessful journalist. For many years he
was editor-in-chief of the Dixie Tele
grapher of Atlanta, Ga.
MAY, SAMUEL, clergyman, author, was
born in 1810, in Massachusetts. He is a
retired Unitarian clergyman of Leicester,
Mass.; of prominence in the anti-slavery
movement; and the author of The Fugi
tive Slave Law and its Victims.
MAY, SAMUEL JOSEPH, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 12, 1797, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a Unitarian clergyman
of Syracuse prominent in the anti-slavery
cause, and also in educational reforms.
He was the author of Education of the
Faculties; Revival of Education; and
Recollections of the Anti-Slavery Con
flict. He died July 1, 1871, in Syracuse,
N. Y.
MAY, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, musi
cian, composer, was born Dec. v, 1850, in
Lackawaxen, Pa. He is a successful teach
er and director of choirs and classes in
Montclair, N. J.; and the author of a num
ber of songs and hymns.
MAY, 'WILLIAM L., congressman, was
born in Kentucky. He was a represent
ative in congress from Illinois from 1835
to 1839.
MAYALL, SAMUEL, state legislator,
congressman, was born in Maine. He
served in the state legislature in 1845.
1847, and 1848; and was a representative
in congress from Maine from 1853 to
1855.
MAYBURY, WILLIAM C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 21, 1849, in De
troit, Mich. He began the practice of law
at Detroit in 1871; and was elected city
attorney in 1875, and served four years.
In 1882 he was elected a representative
from Michigan to the forty-eighth con
gress; and re-elected to the forty-ninth
congress as a democrat.
MAYER, ALFRED MARSHALL, as
tronomer, author, was boru Nov. 13, 1836,
in Baltimore, Md.; has been astronomer,
professor of physics in Stevens institute
at Hoboken, N. J., from 1871. He is the
author of Light; Notes on Physics;
and Sport with Gun and Rod in American
Woods and Waters.
MAYER, BRANTZ, lawyer, journalist,
author, was born Sept. 27/1809, in Balti
more, Md. He was a lawyer and journal
ist of Baltimore, and an officer in the
federal army during the civil war. He was
the author of Mexico as It Was and as It
Is; Mexico: Aztec, Spanish, and Repub
lican; Observations on Mexican History
and Archaeology; Mexican Antiquities;
Captain Canot, or Twenty Years of an Af
rican Slaver; and Memoir of Jared Sparks.
He died March 21, 1879, in Baltimore, Md.
MAYER, CHARLES F., jurist, was
born in 1797, in Maryland. He attained a
high position at the bar of Maryland, as
well as judge of the" court of appeals at
Annapolis, and as a judge of the United
States. He died Jan. 3, 1864, in Baltimore.
MAYER, CONSTANT, artist, was born
Oct. 4, 1832, in France. His works in
clude portraits of General Grant and Gen
eral Sherman; Beggar-Girl; Consolation;
Early Grief; Oracle of the Field; Song of
the Shirt; Song of the Twilight; In the
Woods; The Vagabonds; Lord's Day; and
Lawn Tennis.
MAYER, FRANCIS BLACKWELL, art
ist, was born Dec. 27, 1827, in Baltimore,
Md. He received his education in the
university of Mary
land; has filled posi
tions of professor
ship and librarian;
has been president
of the Improvement
association; and
vice-president of the
Historical society. He
exhibited at the Par
is salon, and was
given a medal at
Philadelphia in 1876
for his Continentals,
and his Attic Philosophers. He has made
a special study of Indian types and char
acter in the west. Others of his works of
art are Founders of the Baltimore and
Ohio Railroad; Planting of the Colony of
Maryland, which latter painting was pur
chased by the state of Maryland.
MAYER, LEWIS, clergyman, author,
was born in 1783, in Pennsylvania. He
was a German reformed clergyman of
eastern Pennsylvania: and the author of
Lectures on Scriptural Subjects; The Sin
Against the Holy Ghost; and History of
the German Reformed Church. He died
in 1849.
MAYER, SAMUEL W., soldier, mer
chant, state legislator, was born May 13,
1858, in Sandusky, Ohio. He is a success
ful merchant of Holt, Mich., and during
1897-98 served with distinction in the
Michigan house of representatives.
MAYES, EDWARD, lawyer, educator,
author, was born Dec. 15, 1846, in Hinds
county, Miss. Since 1896 he has been pro
fessor of law and dean of law school in
Millsap's college, of Jackson, Miss. He
is the author of The Life, Times, and
Speeches of Lucius Q. C. Lamar; and A
History of Higher Education in Missis
sippi.
MAYFIELD, WILLIAM DAVID, educa
tor, lawyer, was born June 22, 1854, in
Polk county, Tenn. He was county su
perintendent of education of Greenville
county, S. C., for eight, years; and is now
state superintendent of education for the
state of South Carolina. For sixteen years
he has practiced law with success.
MAYHAM, STEPHEN L., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 8, 1825, in Blen
heim, N. Y. In 1857 he was elected super
visor of Blenheim, and was re-elected
three times. In 1859 he was elected dis
trict attorney for Schoharie county, N. Y.,
for three years; and was a member of the
state assembly in 1863. In 1868 he was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-first congress, and was again
a representative in the forty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
MAYHEW, EXPERIENCE, missionary
author, was born Jan. 26, 1673, fn Martha's
Vineyard. She was a missionary to the
Indians of Martha's Vineyard; and the
author of Indian Converts; and Grace De
fended. She died Nov. 29, 1758, in Mar
tha's Vineyard.
MAYHEW, JONATHAN, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 8, 1720, in Martha's
Vineyard. He was a congregational cler
gyman of Boston, and pastor of the West
church in 1747-66. A noted Sermon on the
Repeal of the Stamp Act is an effective
example of his style. He also published
Seven Sermons; Sermons to Young Men.
He died July 9, 1766, in Boston, Mass.
MAYHEW, MATHEW, governor. He
succeeded the elder Thomas as governor
of Martha's Vineyard; and occasionally
preached to the Indians, and died there
in 1710.
MAYHEW, ZECHARIA, missionary,
was born in 1717, in Martha's Vineyard.
From 1767 until his death he was a mis
sionary under the Massachusetts society
for propagating the gospel among the In
dians. He died March 6. 1806, in Mar
tha's Vineyard.
MAYMAN, EDWARD W., poet, was
born April 18, 1859, in England. He re
ceived a thorough education; emigrated
to America in 1888:
and since that time
has resided in Sauk
Rapids, Minn., en
gaged in mercantile
business. He has
written extensively
both prose and verse
for the periodical
press; and some of
his poems have been
given a place in
Poets of America
and other standard
works; and also have been published in
book-form.
MAYNARD, CHARLES J., naturalist,
author. He was a naturalist of Newton,
Mass.; and the author of The Naturalist's
Guide; The Birds of Florida; The Birds
.of Eastern North America; A Manual of
Taxidermy; and The Butterflies of New
England.
MAYNARD. EDWARD, inventor, edu
cator, was born April 26, 1813, in Madison,
N. Y. In 1857 he became professor of the
ory and practice in Baltimore College of
Dental Surgery, and he now holds that
chair in the dental department of the Na
tional university at Washington. He has
devised many methods and instruments
in connection with his profession, but is
best known by his improvements in fire
arms.
MAYNARD, FRED A., lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, was born Jan. 20, 1852, in
Ann Arbor, Mich. Since 1876 he has prac
ticed law in Grand Rapids, Mich. In 1881
he was elected prosecuting attorney; was
nominated for judge of superior court in
1885; and in 1890 was elected a represent
ative to the state legislature. In 1894 he
became attorney-general of the state,
to which position he was re-elected in
1896.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MAYNARD, GEORGE WILLOUGHBY,
artist, was born March 5, 1843, in Wash
ington, D. C. In 1884 he was awarded a
medal at the Pennsylvania Academy of
Fine Arts. Besides numerous portraits,
his works include Vespers at Antwerp;
and 1776, sent to the centennial exhibi
tion of 1876; Water Carriers of Venice;
Musical Memories; and Venetian Court.
MAYNARD, HORACE, educator, law
yer, congressman, was born Aug. 13, 1814,
in Westborough, Mass. He held a number
of local offices in his adopted state; was
a presidential elector in 1852. He was
elected a representative from Tennessee to
the thirty-fifth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh,
thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-second and
forty-third congresses. In 1875 he was
appointed minister resident to Turkey, in
1880 he was appointed postmaster-gener
al, and served in that position until 1881.
He died May 3, 1882, in Knoxville, Tenn.
MAYNARD, ISAAC H., lawyer, ju
rist, state legislator, public official, was
born April 9, 1838, in Bovina, N. Y. In
1875 he was elected a representative in the
New York state legislature; was re-elect
ed in 1876; and in 1877 was elected county
judge and surrogate of Delaware county,
and served six years. In 1884 he was ap
pointed first deputy attorney-general of
the state of New York, and served until
1885, when he was appointed second comp
troller of the treasury of the United
States.
MAYNARD, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was a resident of New York.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1827 to 1829. He was
subsequently a member of the New York
senate for four years; and was again a
member of congress from 1841 to 1843.
He was judge of the supreme court of
New York, and from 1850 was a judge of
the court of appeals. He died March 24,
1850, in Auburn, N. Y.
MAYNARD, SAMUEL TAYLOR, botan
ist, horticulturist, and landscape archi
tect, was born Dec. 6, 1844, in Hardwick,
Mass. He has filled the chair of horticul
ture, landscape gardening and forestry in
Massachusetts Agricultural college. Most
of the ornamental features of the beauti
ful grounds of the Massachusetts Agri
cultural college have been due to his skill
and care.
MAYO, AMORY DWIGHT, clergyman,
author, was born Jan. 31, 1823, in War
wick, Mass. He was a Unitarian clergy
man very prominent since the civil war in
educational matters in the southern
states. He is the author of Graces and
Powers of the Christian Life; Symbols of
the Capitol; Religion in Common
Schools; and Talks with Teachers.
MAYO. JOHN, legislator, was born July
17, 1737, in Virginia. He was a member of
the house of burgesses from Chesterfield
county, Va., in 1769, 1770, and 1771; and
from Henrico county in 1775. In 1775-76
he was a member of the Virginia state
convention. He died Feb. 15, 1780, in
Richmond, Va.
MAYO, ROBERT, author, was born
April 25, 1784, in Powhatan county, Va.
He was a writer long in the civil service
at Washington; and the author of View
of Ancient Geography and History; New
System of Mythology; United States Pen
sion I^aws; Synopsis of the Commercial
and Revenue System; and The Treasury
Department, its Origin and Operations.
His miscellaneous writings appear in a
number of standard educational and sci
entific works. He died Oct. 31, 1864. in
Washington, D. C.
MAYO. ROBEhT M., soldier, congress
man, was born April 28, 1836, in West
moreland county, Va. He was a colonel
in the confederate army during the civil
war; was elected a representative in the
state legislature in 1881; and was elected
a representative from Virginia to the for
ty-eighth congress.
MAYO, MRS. SARAH CARTER [ED-
GARTON], author, poet, was bom March
17, 1819, in Shirley, Mass. She was the
author of The Palfreys; Ellen Clifford;
and several compilations of poetry and
prose. She died July 9, 1848, in Glouces
ter, Mass.
MAYO, WILLIAM STARBUCK, physi
cian, author, was born April 20, 1812, in
Ogdensburg, N. Y. He was a novelist and
physician of New York city, and the au
thor of Kaloolah; The Berber; Never
Again; Flood and Field; and Romance
Dust, a collection of short stories. He
died in 1895.
MAYRANT, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in South Carolina. He was a
representative in congress from that state
during the years 1815 and 1816.
McADOO, MRS. MARY FAITH
[FLOYD], author, was born Sept. 8, 1832,
in Tennessee. She is the author of The
Nereid, a romance; and Antethusia.
McADOO, WILLIAM, lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born Oct. 25, 1853, in
Ireland. He was for some years counsel
to a local board in Jersey City, N. J. ;
and was a representative in the state leg
islature in 1882. He was elected a repre
sentative from New Jersey to the forty-
eighth congress; and was re-elected to the
forty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses as a democrat.
McADOO. WILLIAM GIBBS, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, legislator, author, poet, was
born April 4, 1820, near Knoxville, Tenn.
He was elected to
the legislature of
Tennessee; and the
following year led a
company from Ten
nessee in the Mex
ican war. In 1851 he
was elected attorney
general of the Knox
ville judicial district
of Tennessee. After
the civil war he be
came county judge
of Baldwin county,
Ga.; and for nine years filled the chair of
history and English literature. He is the
author of Elementary Geology of Ten
nessee; and a volume of poems.
MCAFEE, CHARLES BINGLEY, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was born in Kentucky.
In 1896 he became judge of the criminal
court of Green county, Mo. He was a can
didate for congress in 1868 and again in
1872.
MCAFEE, ROBERT BRECKINRIDGE,
soldier, lawyer, author, was born in Feb
ruary, 1784, in Mercer county, Ky. He
was lieutenant-governor of Kentucky
from 1820 to 1824. He was the author of
History of the I^ate War in the Western
Country, in 1816. He died March 12, 1849,
in Kentucky.
McALEER, WILLIAM, merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born Jan. 6,
1838, in Ireland. He was unanimously
elected to the Pennsylvania state senate
in 1886 for a term of four years, and re
ceived the nomination for president pro
tempore by the democratic members in
1889. He was elected to the fitly-second
and fifty-third congresses; was not a can
didate for the fifty-fourth congress; and
was elected as a democrat to tne fifty-fifth
congress.
McALESTER, MILES DANIEL, soldier,
civil engineer, was born March 21, 1832,
in New York. He served with distinction
through the civil war; and attained the
rank of brigadier-general. He died April
23, 1869, in Buffalo, N. Y.
MCALLISTER, ARCHIBALD, manufac
turer, congressman, was born in 1814, in
Dauphin county, Pa. In 1862 he was elect
ed a representative from Pennsylvania to
the thirty-eignth congress. He died July
18, 1883.
MCALLISTER, MATTHEW HALL,
lawyer, jurist, legislator, state senator,
author, was born Nov. 26, 1800, in Savan
nah, Ga. He was appointed United States
district attorney for Georgia. He was for
some years mayor of Savannah, Ga. He
was a member of the legislature in 1835;
and was a state senator for five years,
and caused the establishment of the court
of errors. In 1850 he moved his famny
to California; and from 18a5 to 1862 was
United States circuit judge of that state.
He was the author of a niulogy on Presi
dent Jackson, and a volume of legal opin
ions published by his son. He died Dec.
19, 1865, in San Francisco, Cal.
MCALLISTER, ROBERT, soldier, was
born June 1, 1813, in Pennsylvania. He
entered the civil war as colonel of the
eleventh New Jersey volunteers; was
brevetted brigadier-general in 1863; and
1864 attained the rank of major-general.
He died Feb. 23, 1891, in Belvidere, N. J.
MCALLISTER, WARD, lawyer, jurist,
was born July 27, 1855, in Newport, R. I.
He was assistant district attorney for
California in 1882-85; and then became
judge of the United States court for the
territory of Alaska.
McANALLY, DAVID RICE, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 17, 1810, in Granger
county, Tenn. He is a methodist clergy
man, prominent in St. Louis and else
where in the southwest, who, besides a
History of Methodism in Missouri, has
written a number of lives of methodist
bishops.
McARTHUR, DUNCAN, soldier, legis
lator, congressman, governor, was born in
1772, in Dutchess county, N. Y. In 1805
he was a member of the Ohio legislature;
in 1806 was appointed colonel, and in 1808
major-general of the state militia. In
1815 he was again a member of the legis
lature. In 1816 he was appointed com
missioner to conclude treaties with the
Indians. From 1817 to 1819 he was in the
legislature; was speaker of the house in
1817; and was a representative in congress
from Ohio from 1823 to 1825. In 1830 he
was chosen governor of the state, which
position he held until 1833. He died April
28, 1839, near Chillicothe, Ohio.
McARTHUR, JOHN, soldier, was born
Nov. 17, 1826, in Erskine, Scotland. When
the civil war began he joined the twelfth
Illinois volunteers, with a company of
which he was captain, and for his gal
lantry was promoted brigadier-general in
1862. He was postmaster in Chicago in
1873-77.
McAUSLAN, JOHN, merchant, was
born Aug. 10, 1835, in Scotland. In 1866
he removed to Providence, R. I., and es
tablished the Boston Store, a mercantile
house, which has been a success from the
start.
McBETH, ROBERT C., lawyer, Jurist,
was born Oct. 4, 1»38, in Harrison county,
Ohio. He has served as judge of common
pleas of Henry county. Mo. He was
mayor of his city, and a delegate to the
republican national convention in 1880,
held in Chicago, where he was one of the
three hundred and six for Grant.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
629
McBRIDE, GEORGE W., merchant,
lawyer, United States senator, was born
March 13, 1854, in Yamhill county, Ore.
He was elected a member of the house
of representatives of the legislative as
sembly of Oregon in 1882; and was elected
speaker of the house. He was elected sec
retary of state in 1886; was re-elected in
1890 and served eight years, his second
term ending in 1895. He was elected
United States senator as a republican Feb.
23, 1895. His term of service will expire
March 3, 1901.
McBRIDE, JAMES, author, was born
iu 1788, in Pennsylvania. He was a writer
01 Hamilton, Ohio, and the author of Pi
oneer Biography. He died in 1859.
McBRIDE, JAMES HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, was born about 1815, in Kentucky.
When the civil war began he recruited a
brigade, and was afterward commissioned
as brigadier-general in the confederate
service. He died in 1862, in Pocahontas,
Ark.
McBRIDE, JOHN McLAREN, college
president, author, was born Jan. 1, 1846.
in Abbeville, S. C. In 1888 he was elected
president of the college of South Caro
lina, which position he still holds.
McBRIDE, JOHN ROGERS, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born Aug. 22, 1832, in Franklin county,
Mo. In 1854 he was chosen superintend
ent or common schools of Oregon. He
was chosen to the state senate for four
years after its adoption: and in 1862 was
elected a representative from Oregon to
the thirty-eighth congress. He was sub
sequently appointed chief justice of the
United States court for the territory of
Idaho. He now resides in Spokane,
Wash., engaged in the practice of law.
McBRIDE, MRS. MAGGIE F., poet, was
born Dec. 31, 1863, in Canada. She is the
author of a number of meritorious poems.
McBROOM, JAMEri W., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born April 10, 1835, in Prince
George county, Va. He served four years
in the confederate army; was first lieu
tenant in 1862, in company C, sixth Vir
ginia battalion; was subsequently elected
captain of a battery; and served in plac
ing torpedoes in James river, below Rich
mond. In 1864 he was put in charge of
scouts, and continued in that capacity un
til the close of the war. He then entered
educational work; was subsequently ad
mitted to the bar, and elected common
wealth attorney for several counties. He
served* with distinction as judge of Rus
sell county, Va.; and subsequently was
appointed judge of Washington county.
McCABE, JAMES BUCHANAN, lawyer,
jurist, was born Aug. 2, 1856, in Leesburg,
Va. He is a prominent lawyer of his na
tive city; was judge of the county court
during 1880-86; and since 1887 has been
the commonwealth's attorney of Loudoun
county, Va.
McCABE, JAMES DABNEY, clergyman,
author, was born April 15, 1808, in Rich
mond, Va. He edited tne Olive Branch,
and also the Odd-Fellows' Magazine, and
published a Masonic Text Book. He died
Aug. 1, 1875, in Baltimore, Md.
McCABE, JAMES DABNEY, author,
was born July 30, 1842, in Richmond, Va.
He was a versatile and prolific southern
writer, whose principal work is a Life of
General Robert Lee, while among his
many others are. Planting the Wilder
ness; History of the War Between France
and Germany; History of the Turko-
Russian War; Paris by Sunlight and Gas
light; Our Young Folks Abroad; The
Great Republic; Lights and Shadows .of
New York Life; and Centennial History
of the United States. He died Jan. 27
1883, in Germantown, Pa.
McCABE, JOHN COLLINS, clergyman,
author, poet, was born Nov. 12, 1810, in
Richmond, Va. He contributed a poem
to the first number of the Southern Lit
erary Messenger in Virginia, and wrote
constantly for it and other magazines
poems, essays and papers on colonial his
tory. He died Feb. 26, 1875, in Chambers-
burg, Pa.
McCABE, RUDOLPH TAYLOR, rail
road president, was born April 4, 1847, in
Duncansville, Pa. He was president of the
Iron Structural Steel company of Duluth,
Minn., also president of the Central Penn
sylvania and Western railroad.
McCABE, WILLIAM GORDON, soldier,
educator, author, was born Aug. 4, 1841,
in Richmond, Va. He is a confederate
officer; since 1888 head master of a school
in Petersburg, Va., and the author of The
Defence of Petersburg; and A Latin
Grammar.
McCALEB, THOMAS, lawyer, author,
was born Dec. 31, 1870, in New Orleans,
La. He is the author of the Louisiana
Book, containing selections from the lit
erature of the state, together with bio
graphical sketches of tne most prominent
writers of Louisiana.
McCALL, GEORGE ARCHIBALD, sol
dier, statesman, author, was born March
16, 1802, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a
soldier of Philadel
phia, who served in
the Mexican war,
and in the civil war
was brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers in
the federal army. He
was the author of
Letters from the
ft l^pP^'A I Frontier. He was
^^P^^^B I presented with a
sword by the citi
zens of his county.
In 1862 he was a
democratic candidate for congress. He
died Feb. 26, 1868, in West Chester, Pa.
McCALL, HUGH, soldier, author, was
born in 1767, in South Carolina. He was
a United States army officer, and the au
thor of History of Georgia. He died July
9, 1824, in Savannah, Ga.
McCALL, JOHN CADWALADER, law
yer, author, poet, was born Dec. 24, 1793,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a lawyer of
Philadelphia, and the author of The
Troubadour, and Other Poems; and Fleu-
rette, and other rhymes, tie died Oct. 3,
1846, in Philadelphia, Pa.
McCALL, JOHN ETHERIDGE, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born Aug. 14,
1859, in Clarksburg, 'ienn. He represent
ed Henderson coun
ty in the Tennessee
legislature in 1887;
and was re-elected in
1889. Hewasappoint-
ed assistant United
States district attor
ney for west Tennes
see in 1890, which
office he resigned in
1891; and was an
unsuccessful candi
date for governor
before the repub
lican state convention in 1892. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
McCALL, PETER, lawyer, author, was
born Aug. 31, 1809, in Trenton, N. J. He
was an eminent lawyer of Philadelphia,
mayor of that city in 1844-45, and the au
thor of Rise and Progress of Civil Society;
and History of Pennsylvania Law and
Equity. He died Oct. 30, 1880, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
McCALL, SAMUEL WALKER, journal
ist, lawyer, legislator, congressman, was
born Feb. 28, 1851, in East Providence,
Pa. He was the editor of the Boston
Daily Advertiser; and was elected a mem
ber of the Massachusetts house of repre
sentatives of 1888, 1S89, and 1892. He was
elected to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses; and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
McCALLA, DAMEL, clergyman, was
born in 1748, in Neshaminy, Pa. He was
licensed to preach as a presbyterian in
1772, and two years later ordained pastor
of the churches at New Providence and
Charleston, Pa., where he preached till
the revolution. He was then appointed
a chaplain in the continental army. He
died April 6, 1809, in Wappetaw; S. C.
McCALLA, WILLIAM LATTA, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 25, 1788, in
Lexington, Ky. He was settled over Pres
byterian churches in Augusta, Ky., in
1819, and in Philadelphia, Pa., much of the
time from 1823 to 1854. He published
many sermons and essays, The Doctorate
of Divinity; Adventures iu Texas, Chiefly
in 1840; and a collection of psalms and
hymns in French. He died Oct. 12, 1859,
in Louisiana.
McCALLUM, DANIEL CRAIG, soldier,
military engineer, was born Jan. 21, 1815,
in Scotland. In 1862 he was appointed
director of all the military railroads in
the United States, With the staff rank of
colonel; and was brevetted brigadier-
general. He died Dec. 27, 1878, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
McCALMONT, JOHN S., soldier, law
yer, jurist, legislator, was born April 12,
1822, in Franklin, Pa. He was a repre
sentative in the Pennsylvania state legis
lature in 1849 and 1850, serving as speaker
during the latter year; and was a presi
dential elector in 18o2. In 1853 he was
appointed president judge of the eig^c-
eenth district of Pennsylvania, and was
elected for a full term of ten years. He
resigned in 1861 to take command of the
tenth regiment Pennsylvania reserve vol
unteers. In 1885 he was appointed com
missioner of customs in the United States
treasury department.
McCANN, JAMES, educator, physician,
surgeon, was born in 1836, in Allegheny
county, Pa. He was in the medical serv
ice of the fifth Pennsylvania volunteer
infantry during the civil war; and subse
quently continued the practice of medicine
in Pittsburg, Pa. He organized the first
medical college in western Pennsylvania.
He died in 1893, in Pittsburg, Pa.
McCANN, WILLIAM PENN, naval of
ficer, was born May 4, 1830, in Paris, Ky.
he was appointed midshipman in the
United States navy in 1848, and, naving
been promoted through the various
grades, became lieutenant-commander in
1862.
MCCARTHY, DANIEL, merchant, poet,
was born Nov. 15, 1850, in Ireland. Since
1863 he has been a successful merchant of
Sandusky, Ohio. He
has written exten-
HMP^, sively both prose
9k and verse for the
l__ ^^ ^L periodical press and
SJ^'^Cfc. Ill some of his poems
*%V have appeared in
I Poets of America
^8)^, ' I and other standard
I works. He takes an
^k active part in .the
ff/t£ _J^^^ public affairs of his
I city, county and
^ ,^H W. state; and has filled
several public offices of honor.
630
HERRINCJSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MCCARTHY, DENNIS, manufacturer,
legislator, state senator, was born March
19, 1814, in Syracuse, N. Y. In 1846 he
was elected to the New York state legis
lature; in 1853 was mayor of Syracuse;
and was elected a . representative from
New York to the fortieth and forty-first
congresses. In 1875 he was elected to the
senate of New lork; remained in the sen
ate, by re-election, unul 1885; and in 1881
was chosen president of the senate pro
tern. He died *eb. 14, 1886.
McCARTY, ANDREW Z., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a mem
ber of the New York assembly in 1848;
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1855 to 1857.
McCARTY, JONATHAN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Tennessee. He
was a representative in congress from In
diana from 1831 to 1837. He died in 1855,
in Iowa.
McCARTY, RICHARD, congressman,
was born in Albany, N. Y. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1821 to 1823.
McCARTY, WILLIAM M., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1840 to 1841.
McCARTY, WILLIAM MONROE, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was born May 18, 1816,
in Brookville, Ind. He was president
judge of the thirteenth circuit of Indi
ana in 1850-55; and in 1861 was chosen
United States senator, but failed to ob
tain his seat.
McCAULEY, CHARLES ADAM HOKE,
soldier, inventor, was born July 13, 1847,
in Middletown, Md. Since 1881 he has
been stationed at various posts in the
western states, becoming in October dis
bursing quartermaster at Chicago, 111. He
invented in 1871 the military system of
signaling by means of mirrors.
McCAULEY, CHARLES STEWART,
naval officer, was born Feb. 3, 1793, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He served on the Con
stellation in 1813. He was placed on the
retired list in 1861, and promoted com
modore. He died May 21, 1869, in Wash
ington, D. C.
McCAULEY. EDWARD YORKE, naval
officer, author, was born Nov. 2, 1826, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was appointed mid
shipman in the navy in 1841, and pro
moted lieutenant in 1855. In 1886 Ad
miral McCauley commanded the Pacific
station, and in February, 1887, he was re
tired. He has published the Egyptian
Manual and Dictionary.
McCAULEY, JAMES, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, poet, was born Aug. 23,
1809, in Cecil county, Md. He was a
county surveyor and register of wills; has
served as a member of the Maryland state
legislature; and was five times elected
judge. He was a lawyer of I^eeds, Md.;
contributed extensively both prose and
verse to current literature.
McCAULEY, JAMES ANDREW, college
president, was born Oct. 7, 1822, in Cecil
county, Md. In 1872 he was elected pres
ident of Dickinson college, resigning in
1888.
McCAUSLEN, WILLIAM C., congress
man, was born in Ohio, he was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1845.
McCAW, JAMES BROWN, surgeon,
was born in i772, in Virginia. He was the
leading surgeon of eastern Virginia for
over thirty years. He was one of the first
to tie the external carotid artery, an oper
ation he performed in 1807. He died in
1846, in Richmond, Va.
McCAY, HENRY KENT, soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born Jan. 8, 1820, in
Northumberland county, Pa. He was ap
pointed a justice of the supreme court of
Georgia, which position he held for near
ly eight years, when he resigned and be
gan the practice of law in Atlanta, Ga.
In 1882 he was appointed United States
district judge for the northern district
of Georgia. He died July 30, 1886, in
Atlanta, Ga.
McCEMAS, LOUIS E., lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 28, 1846, in Williams-
port, Md. He was elected a representa
tive from Maryland to the forty-eighth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth congress.
McCLAIN, EMLIN, soldier, educator,
lawyer, author, was born Nov. 26, 1851, in
Salem, Ohio. He has been a teacher of
law since 1881, and chancellor of the law
department of his alma mater; a mem
ber of the Iowa code commission; and the
author of several law books.
McCLAMMY, CHARLES W., soldier,
farmer, state senator, congressman, was
born May 29, 1839, in Scotts hill, N. C.
He was elected a member of the house of
commons of North Carolina in 1866, and
of the state senate in 1871 ; and was elect
ed to the fiftieth congress, and was re-
elected to the fifty-first congress as a
democrat.
McCLARY, JOHN KENNEDY, farmer
educator, lawyer, legislator, was born
April 7, 1834, in Garrard county, Ky. In
his early days he
taught school; has
been sheriff; master
commissioner; and
census enumerator.
In 1867 he was elect
ed a member of the
Kentucky state leg
islature as a repub
lican; and was re-
elected to that office
the following term,
and took an active
part in the delibera
tions of that body. In 1868 he was a dele
gate to the national republican conven
tion which nominated General Grant for
president. He has been a county sur
veyor; merchant; farmer; and now prac
tices law in Mount Vernon, Ky.
McCLATCHEY, ROBERT J., physician,
journalist, was born April 6, 1836. in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He was a successful phy
sician of Philadelphia, and in 1871 pre
pared and published a revision of Laurie's
Domestic Medicine. He died Jan. 17, 1883,
in Philadelphia.
McCLEAN, MOSES, lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born in 1804, in Get
tysburg, Pa. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1845 to
1847; in 1855 was elected to the state leg
islature; and was for several years presi
dent of the board of trustees of Pennsyl
vania college. He died Oct. 1, 1870, in
Gettysburg, Pa.
McCLEARY, JAMES THOMPSON, con
gressman, was born Feb. 5, 1853, in In-
gersoll, Ontario. For two years he was
superintendent of Pierce county schools;
resigned in 1881 to become state institute
conductor of Minnesota and professor of
history and political science in the State
Normal school at Mankato, continuing in
this position until june, 1892. In 1888 he
published Studies in Civics, and in 1894
a Manual of Civics, which are used in the
best schools of the country. He was
elected to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses; and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican.
McCLELLAN, ABRAHAM, congress
man, was born in Tennessee. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1837 to 1843.
McCLELLAN. CARSWELL, civil engi
neer, author, was born Dec. 3, 1835, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a topograph
ical assistant on the staff of General A. A.
Humphreys in the civil war. Afterward
a civil engineer in railroad and govern
ment service. He was the author of The
Personal Memoirs and Military History of
U. S. Grant versus The Record of the
Army of the Potomac. He died in 1892.
McCLELLAN, CHARLES A. O., lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born May 25,
1835, in Ashland, Ohio. For two years
In- gave inslnii-tinii
in penmanship. For
four years he was
deputy auditor of De
Kalb county, Ind.,
and in 1860 was ap
pointed United
States deputy mar
shal. In 1862 he
was admitted to the
bar; and in 1872 was
appointed judge of
the fortieth judicial
circuit of Indiana.
In 1873 he established the De Kalb bank
of Waterloo; and since 1885 has been
president of ihe First National bank of
Auburn, Ind. He was elected to the fifty-
first and fifty-second congresses.
McCLELLAN, ELY, physician, author,
was born Aug. 23, 1834, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was assistant medical director in
the United States army; and the author
of The Cholera Epidemic of 1873 in the
United States.
McCLELLAN, GEORGE, surgeon, au
thor, was born Dec. 23, 1796, in Wood
stock, Conn. He was a noted surgeon of
Philadelphia, professor of surgery in Jef
ferson Medical college, for which institu
tion he obtained the charter. He was the
author of The Principles and Practice of
Surgery. He died May 9, 1847, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
McCLELLAN, GEOrtGE B., journalist,
lawyer, congressman, was born Nov. 23,
1865, in Saxony. » He was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress from New York;
was renominated by the democratic party
and nominated by tne national democratic
party, and re-elected 10 the fifty-nfth con
gress as a democrat.
McCLELLAN, GEORGE BRINTON,
soldier, governor, author, was born Dec.
3, 1826, in Philadelphia, Pa. He entered
West Point as an in
structor, and pre
pared a Manual on
Bayonet Exercise,
wnich became a text
book in the service.
When the rebellion
commenced lie was
appointed major-
general of volun
teers in Ohio; was
soon made major-
general in the regu
lar army, and on the
retirement of General Scott was made
general-iii-chief 01 the American army.
He commanded the army of the Potomac
in the protracted peninsula campaign;
won the battle of Antietam; and resigned
from the army in 1864. He was the demo
cratic candidate ior president, but was
defeated by Abraham Lincoln, who was
re-elected. He published a number of
books on military matters, and a Report
on the Organization and Campaigns of
the Army of the Potomac. He was gov
ernor of New Jersey from 1878 to 1881.
He died Oct. 29, 1885.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
631
McCLELLAN, HENRY BRAINERD,
soldier, author, was born Oct. 17, 1840, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was major in the
confederate service during the civil war,
and published an admirable Life of Ma-
jor-General J. E. B. Stuart.
McCLELLAN, KOBERT, congressman,
was born in 1805, in Schoharie county,
N. Y. He was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1837 to 1839,
and again from 1841 to 1843. He died in
1860.
MCCLELLAND, ALEXANDER, clergy
man, author, was born in 1795, in Schen-
ectady, N. Y. He was a reformed pres-
byterian clergyman and educator, and the
author of Canon anu Interpretation of
Scripture; and Sermons. He died Dec.
19, 1864, in New Brunswick, N. J.
MCCLELLAND, JAMES HENDERSON,
surgeon, educator, journalist, was born
May 20, 1845, in Pittsburg, Pa. He be
came professor of surgery in the Hahne-
mann college of Philadelphia, in 1876.
He has contributed much to various med
ical journals, including papers on Hip-
joint Amputations; Bone Diseases; and
Excision of the Kidney.
MCCLELLAND, MARY GREENWAY,
author, was born in Norwood, Va. She is
the author of Oblivion; Princess; and
many other noted novels.
MCCLELLAND, MILO ADAMS, soldier,
physician, was born Jan. 28, 1837, in
Sharon, Pa. He is a successful physician
of Knoxville, 111. During the war he
served in company G, sixty-ninth regi
ment Illinois volunteer infantry. For
twenty years he has been county physi
cian; has been resident physician to St.
Mary's school of Knoxville, 111.; president
of the Military Tract Medical society;
and vice-president of the Illinois, New
York, and local medical societies. He is
the author of Civil Malpractice, a treatise
on surgical jurisprudence.
MCCLELLAND, RAYMOND G., clergy
man, educator, college president, was born
Nov. 14, 1848, in Mt. Jackson, Pa. This
eminent clergyman and educator is the
president of the Grand River institute of
Ohio.
MCCLELLAND, ROBERT, lawyer, leg
islator, congressman, governor, was born
Aug. 1, 1807, in Greencastle, Pa. He
served for several years in the Michigan
legislature; was a representative in con
gress from 1843 to 1849. He was governor
of Michigan in 1852 and 1853; and in 1853
was appointed secretary of the interior
department. He subsequently settled in
Detroit and practiced his profession there.
He died Aug. 27, 1880, in Detroit, Mich.
MCCLELLAND, WILLIAM, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born March 2,
1842, in Mount Jackson, Pa. He enlisted
as a private in the first artillery, and
served over four years, becoming com
mander; and participated in all the bat
tles fought oy the army of the Potomac.
He was elected to the forty-second con
gress as a democrat.
McCLENACHAN, BLAIR, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1797 to
1799.
McCLENACHAN, CHARLES THOMP
SON, lawyer, author, was born April 13,
1829, in Washington, D. C. He is a law
yer of New York city, long employed in
the department of public works, and the
author of I^aw of ^ne Fire Department;
The Atlantic Cable of 1858; and Book of
the Ancient Accepted Rite of Scottish
Freemasonry.
McCLENE, JAMES, congressman. He
was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
continental congress from ^78 to 1780.
McCLERNAND, JOHN A., soldier, jour
nalist, congressman, was born May 30,
1812, in Breckenridge county, Ky. He
was elected to con
gress from Illinois,
and served as a rep
resentative until
1851. Before going
to congress he had
been elected to the
state legislature. In
1859 he was again
elected to congress;
and was re-elected
to the thirty-seventh
congress, but re
signed to accept the
commission of brigadier-general in the
union army in 1861. He was a delegate
to the Philadelphia national union con
vention of 1806.
McCLINTOCK, JOHN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 2<", 1814, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a methodist clergyman
of New York city,
professor in Drew
Theological semi
nary at the time of
his death. He is best
known by the Theo
logical and Biblical
Cyclopaedia which
he began with James
Strong; but he was
the author, also, of
Living Words; and
Lectures on Theo
logical E n c y c 1 o-
psedia and Methodology. He died March
4, 1870, in Madison, N. J.
McCLINTON, JAMES GILES, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born Jan. 7,
1838, in Henderson county, 111. He has
served as state senator in Nevada; and
for many yearsthe was judge of the eighth
judicial district of that state. He is now
serving his third term as superior judge
at Port Angeles, Wash.
McCLOSKEY, JOHN, cardinal, was
born March 20, 1810, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
He founded the theological seminary at
Troy; and erected
St. Mary's cathedral
at Albany. In 1864
he was installed as
archbishop of the
arch diocese of New
York, and in 1879
was elevated to the
dignity of cardinal
in the consistory
then held at the Vat
ican, being the first
American prelate to
be thus honored. In
1884 the golden anniversary of his eleva
tion to the priesthood was celebrated in
New York city. He died Oct. 10, 1885,
in New York city.
McCLOSKEY, JOHN, clergyman, col
lege president, was born in 1817, in Ire
land. He was ordained in 1840; attached
himself to the faculty of St. Mary's. He
was elected vice-president and treasurer
in 1844, and became president in 1871.
He resigned in 1877, but was again called
to the presidency in 1879, which office he
held until his death. He died Dec. 24,
1880, in Emmettsburg, Md.
• McCLOSKEY, WILLIAM GEORGE,
bishop, was born Nov. 10, 1823, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. In 1859 Pope Pius IX made
him the first president of the American
college in Rome, which had just been
founded by that pontiff. Here he presided
with great success for several years; un
til he was appointed to the see of Louis
ville, Ky., in 1868.
H
McCLUNEY, WILLIAM J., naval of
ficer, was born about 1(96. He was ap
pointed midshipman in the United States
navy in 1812. In 1858 he was placed in
command of the Atlantic squadron, which
office he held until 1860. He was com
missioned commodore in 1862. He died
Feb. 11, 1864, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
McCLUNG, JOHN ALEXANDER, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 25, 1804,
in Washington, Ky. He was pastor of a
presbyterian churcn in Indianapolis in
1851-57, and then of one in Maysville,
Ky., until his death by drowning. He
wrote Sketches of Western Adventures.
He died Aug. 7. 1859, in Niagara river.
McCLUNG, JOHN WILLIAM, journal
ist, author, philanthropist, was born Nov.
21, 1826, near Maysville, Ky. In 1855 he
moved to St. Paul,
Minn., where in 1869
he organized the
first building associ
ation west of Chi
cago, anu managed
it until his death on
May 27, 1888. He
was known as the
father of these asso
ciations ' in the
Northwest. During
8-70 he was ed
itor of the Pioneer,
now the Pioneer Press; and was the au
thor of a work entitled Minnesota as it
is in 1870, which was a great success
financially and otherwise. From 1871 ne
was a member of the St. faul Chamber of
Commerce; was prominent in public af
fairs; and Como Park especially was the
result of his first park agitation.
McCLURE, ADDISON S., soldier, law
yer, journalist, congressman, was born
Oct. 10, 1839, in Woosuer, Ohio. He ed
ited the Wooster Republican newspaper
from 1870 to ISoO. He was elected a rep
resentative from Ohio to the forty-sev
enth congress; and was re-elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
McCLURE, ALEXANDER KELLY,
journalist, author, was born Jan. 9, 1828,
in Sherman's Valley, Pa. In 1846 he be
gan the publication
of the Sentinel, a
whig journal of Mif-
flin, Pa. In 1850 he
sold that publication
and purchased an
interest in the
Chambersburg Re
pository, which he
made one of the
most noted anti-
Siavery journals in
the state. In 1855
he was a member of
the convention that organized the repub
lican party, and in the following year was
a delegate to the nationa, convention that
nominated Fremont for the presidency.
In 1856 he sold the Repository, and was
shortly afterward admitted to the bar.
In 1857-58 he was chosen to the Penn
sylvania state legislature, and in 1859 to
the senate. In 1868 he settled in Phila
delphia, and the lollowing year estab
lished the Times, a daily newspaper, and
since its foundation he has been its ed
itor-in-chief. He is the author of Three
Thousand Miles Through the Rocky
Mountains; The South; and other works.
McCLURE, ALEXANDER WILSON,
clergyman, author, was born May 8, 1808,
in Boston, Mass. He was a congrega
tional clergyman of Boston, among whose
writings are, Lectures on Ultra Univer-
salism; and Life of Joan Cotton. He died
Sept. 20, 1865, in Canonsburg, Pa.
632
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
McCLURE, CHARLES, soldier, pay
master, was born Feb. 20, 1838, in Car
lisle, Pa. He served during the civil war
in the army of the Potomac; and at Gen
eral Grant's headquarters as inspector
of the commissary department of the
armies operating against Richmond; and
was brevetted colonel United States vol
unteer infantry. He is now major and
paymaster United States army at St.
Louis, Mo.
McCLURE, GEORGE, soldier, legis
lator, jurist, was born in 1771, in Ireland.
He settled in Bath, N. Y., where he stud
ied law, and was successively a member
of the legislature, sheriff, surrogate, and
judge of Steuben county. He volunteered
in the war of 1812, and in 1813 commanded
a brigade on the Buffalo frontier. He
died Aug. 16, 1851, in Elgin, 111.
McCLURE, SAMUEL GRANT, journal
ist, was born Aug. 9, 1863, in Wayne coun
ty, Ohio. For six years he was the edi
torial writer on the Cleveland Leader;
and since 1896 has been editor-in-chief
and general manager of the Ohio State
Journal of Columbus.
McCLURG, ALEXANDER CALD-
WELL, soldier, publisher, was born about
1835, in Philadelphia, Pa. He left the
house of S. C. Griggs and Co., booksellers
of Chicago, to enter the national army
as a private in 1862; was brevetted col
onel and brigadier-general. After the war
he returned to the book business in Chi
cago, becoming a partner in the firm of
Jansen, McClurg and Co.; and the house
is now widely known under the name of
A. C. McClurg and Co., booksellers and
publishers.
McCLURG, JAMES, physician, author,
was born in 1747, in Hampton, Va. He pub
lished an Essay on the Human Bile,
which was translated into several lan
guages. He is also the author of a paper
on Reasoning in Medicine, in the Phila
delphia Journal of the Medical Physical
Sciences. He died July 9, 1825, in Rich
mond, Va.
McCLURG, JOSEPH WASHINGTON,
soldier, merchant, lawyer, congressman,
governor, was born Feb. 22, 1818, in St.
Louis county, Mo. He was a member of
the Missouri state convention in 1862;
and was elected a representative from
Missouri to the thirty-eighth congress.
He was re-elected to the thirty-ninth and
fortieth congresses. In 1868 he was elect
ed governor of Missouri.
McCLUSKEY, JOHN DANIEL, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born Aug. 6, 1841,
in Newburg, Ala. He was an officer in
the confederate army; has served with
distinction as a member of the Alabama
state legislature; and since 1865 has taken
an active part in every presidential cam
paign in the interest of the democratic
party. He is one of the foremost law
yers of his native state, and has a large
practice in Vernon.
McCOID, MOSES A., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born Nov. 5, 1840, in Logan county, Ohio.
He was district attorney of the sixth ju
dicial district of Iowa from 1867 to 1871;
he was state senator from 1872 to 1879;
and was elected a representative from
Iowa to the forty-sixth, forty-seventh and
forty-eighth congresses.
McCOLL, EVAN, poet, was born Sept.
21, 1808, in Scotland. He is a successful
writer of Brooklyn, N. Y.; and is the au
thor of two volumes of poems, entitled
The Mountain Minstrel; and Poems and
Songs.
McCOLLESTER, SULLIVAN HOL-
MAN, educator, clergyman, lecturer, au
thor, was born in 1826, in Marlborough,
N. H. He received
a liberal education,
and the degrees of
A. B. and A. M. were
conferred on him by
the Norwich univer-
^^ sity, Vt. He studied
Greek at the Har
vard university, and
took a theological
course in the Har
vard Divinity
school; and in 1853
was ordained a uni-
versalist minister. He then entered
educational work, was principal in
several large institutions, and was made
president of the state board of edu
cation in New Hampshire for four
years. He has lectured extensively on
education, temperance, foreign travels
and peoples. He has visited Europe five
times; Egypt, Palestine and Turkey three
times; made a tour round the world; been
the length and breadth of his own coun
try and through Mexico. During his trav
els he has been a correspondent for the
Boston Journal, Transcript, Journal of
Education, Christian Leader, Gospel Ban
ner, New Hampshire Sentinel, Monitor,
Republican, and other journals. He has
published After Thoughts of Capital Cit
ies and Foreign Lands; Round the Globe
in Old and New Paths; Babylon and Nin
eveh Through Amencan Eyes; and Mex
ico, Modern and Ancient.
McCOMAS, LOUIS EMORY, lawyer,
congressman, was born in Washington
county, Maryland. He was a republican
candidate from Marylana to ine forty-
fifth congress; and was elected to the for
ty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, and fifty-
first congresses as a republican.
McCOMAS, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1833 to 1837.
McCOMB, ELEAZER, congressman. He
was a delegate to the continental congress
from Delaware from 1782 to 1784.
McCONAUGHY, DAVID, clergyman,
college president, author, was born Sept.
29, 1775, in Menallen, Pa. From 1832 till
1849 he was president of Washington col
lege. He published sermons and ad
dresses, tracts on the Doctrine of the
Trinity; and on Infant Baptism; A Brief
Summary and Outline of Moral Science;
and Discourses, Chiefly Biographical, of
Persons Eminent in Sacred History. He
died Jan. 29, 1852, in Washington, Pa.
McCONAUGHY, FRANKLIN ALEX
ANDER, lawyer, ponucian, was born Dec.
25, 1849, in Lancaster county, Pa. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the public and private schools; and in
1869 graduated from the McKendree col
lege of Lebanon, III., with the degree of
A. B.; and subsequently the degree of
A. M. was conferred upon him by the
same institution. He is a successful law
yer of Belleville, 111.; has been city at
torney; and in 1876 was candidate for
state's attorney. He practices in the state
and federal courts; and has always taken
a prominent part in the public affairs of
his county and state.
McCONNEL, JOHN LUDLAM, lawyer,
author, was born Nov. 11, 1826, in Jack
sonville, 111. He is a lawyer and novelist
of Jacksonville, 111., who was a soldier in
the Mexican war. His fictions are stu
dies of Western life. Talbot and Vernon;
Grahame. or Youth and Manhood; The
Glenns; and Western Characters.
McCONNELL, FELIX G., mechanic,
lawyer, congressman, was born in 1810,
in Lincoln county, Tenn. In 1824 he
moved to Talladega county, Ala., and was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1843 to 1846. He died by his
own hand in September, 1846, in Wash
ington, D. C.
McCONNELL, SAMUEL D., clergyman,
author, was born in 1846, in Pennsylvania.
He is an episcopal clergyman of promi
nence as an independent thinker, rector
of St. Stephen's church in Philadelphia in
1882-96, and of Holy Trinity, Brooklyn,
subsequently. He is the author of Sons
of God; Sermon Stuff; History of the
Episcopal Church in the United States; A
Year's Sermons; and An Open Secret.
McCONNLLL, W. J., merchant, banker,
United States senator, was born Sept. 18,
1839, in Commerce, Mich. He was presi
dent of the Oregon state senate in 1882.
He was also a member of the constitution
al convention of Idaho. He was elected
to the United States senate as a repub
lican.
McCONNELL. WILLIAM B., lawyer,
jurist, was born Nov. 15, 1849, in Greene
county, Pa. In 1872 he was appointed
prosecuting attorney for the thirty-fifth
circuit of Indiana; and was twice elected
to the same office, serving for about five
years. In 1879 he removed to Fargo,
N. D. ; was city attorney of Fargo in 1883;
and in 1885 was appointed an associate
justice of the supreme court of Dakota
territory.
McCONNELL, WILLIAM C., man-of-
affairs, was born April 4, 1860, in Hali
fax, Pa. He received his education in the
Franklin and Marshall college of Lancas
ter, Pa.; and is now the president of the
Shamokin Roaring Creek Anthracite and
the Bear Gap Water companies. He has
been a delegate to two state republican
conventions; and a delegate to the re
publican national convention held at Min
neapolis, Minn. He has served as aioe-
de-camp on Governor Hastings' staff,
with the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
McCOOK, ALEXANDER McDOWELL,
soldier, was born April 22, 1831, in Colum-
biana county, Ohio. In 1852 he gradu
ated from the United
States military acad
emy; was assigned
to the third infan
try; and for several
years fought the
Apaches in New
Mexico. During
1858-61 he was as
sistant instructor in
infantry tactics at
West Point. As colo
nel of the first Ohio
regiment, he distin
guished himself at the first battle of Bull
Run, and was brevetted major. He was
rapidly promoted until he became major-
general in the United States army for ser
vices in the field.
McCOOK, ANSON GEORGE, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct. 10,
1835, in Steubenville, Ohio. He entered
the union army in 1861, as captain, and
served throughout the war, rising to the
rank of colonel and brevet brigadier-gen
eral. He was appointed assessor of inter
nal revenue in 1865. He moved to New
York in 1873; and was elected a represent
ative from New York to 'the forty-fifth,
forty-sixth, and forty-seventh congresses.
In 1883 he was elected secretary of the
United States senate.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
633
McCOOK, EDWARD MOODY, soldier,
state legislator, governor, was born June
15, 1833, in Steubenville, Ohio. He emi
grated to Pike's Peak in 1859; and was a
member of the Kansas legislature in 1860.
He entered the army at the opening of the
rebellion, and by 1864 had attained the
rank of brevet major-general. Between
the years 1866 and 1869 he was minister
to the Hawaiian Islands; and in the latter
year was appointed governor of Colorado.
McCOOK, EDWIN STANTON, soldier,
was born March 26, 1837, in Carrollton,
Ohio. He was brevetted brigadier-gener
al and major-general of volunteers in
1865, for his services in the civil war.
While acting governor of Dakota and pre
siding over a public meeting, he was shot
and killed by a man in the audience. He
died Sept. 11, 1873, in Yankton, Dak.
McCOOK. GEORGE WYTHE, lawyer,
-was born Nov. 22, 1821, in Canonsburg,
Pa. In 1854-56 he was attorney-general
of Ohio. In the Mexican war he was lieu
tenant-colonel of the third Ohio regiment,
and was commissioned brigadier-general
in 1861. He die'd Dec. 28, 1877, in Steu
benville, Ohio.
McCOOK, HENRY CHRISTOPHER,
naturalist, clergyman, author, was born
July 3, 1837, in New Lisbon, Ohio. He is
a presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia,
well known as a naturalist, and the author
of Object and Outline Teaching; The
Last Year of Christ's Ministry; The Last
Days of Jesus; Garfield Memorial Ser
mons; The Women Friends of Jesus; The
•Gospel in Nature; The Mound-Making Art
of the Alleghanies; Natural History, of
the Agricultural Ant of Texas; Honey
Ants and Occident Ants; Tenants of an
Old Farm; and American Spiders.
McCOOK, JOHN JAMES, soldier, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 2, 1843, in
New Lisbon, Ohio. He has held pastor
ates in Detroit, Mich., and East Hartford,
'€onn., and since 1883 has been professor
of modern languages in Trinity college.
He was editor of the Church Weekly, is
a frequent contributor to periodicals, and
is the author of Pat and the Council.
McCOOK, JOHN JAMES, soldier, law
yer, was born May 22, 1845, in Carrollton,
Ohio. He enlisted in the sixth Ohio cav
alry. He served
through the war, at
taining the rank of
captain and aide-de
camp in 1863. He
was brevetted major
for gallant and meri
torious services in
action at Shady
Grove, Va., and
lieutenant - colonel
and colonel for his
services during the
war. He is now
practicing law in New York city.
McCOOK, ROBERT LATIMER, soldier,
was born Dec. 28, 1827, in New Lisbon,
Ohio. He organized the ninth Ohio regi
ment in 1861, became its colonel, and com
manded a brigade in the West Virginia
campaign under McClellan. He was pro
moted brigadier-general of volunteers in
1862. He died Aug. 6, 1862, near Salem,
Ala.
McCOOK, RODERICK SHELDON, na
val officer, was born March 10, 1839, in
New Lisbon, Ohio. He served through
the civil war with great credit; and in
1873 he was made commodore. He died
Feb. 13, 1886, in Vineland, N. J.
McCORD, ANDREW, congressman. He
was a member of the New York assembly
during the years 1800, 1801, 1802 and 1807,
part of the time speaker; and was a rep
resentative in congress from 1803 to 1805.
McCORD, GEORGE HERBERT, artist,
was born Aug. 1, 1848, in New York city.
In 1880 he was elected an associate, and in
1883 he received a silver medal at the
Massachusetts charitable mechanics' in
stitute exhibition, and in 1884 a bronze
medal and diploma at the World's fair,
New Orleans.
McCORD, MRS. LOUISA SUSANNAH
(CHEVES), author, was born Dec. 3, 1810.
in Columbia, S. C. She was a writer of
South Carolina; and the author of Soph
isms of the Protective Policy, translated
from Bastral; Caius Gracchus, a tragedy;
and My Dreams, a volume of verse. She
died Nov. 27, 1880, in Charleston, S. C.
McCORD, MYRON H., journalist, state
senator, congressman, was born Nov. 26,
1840, in Ceres, Pa. He was a member of
the Mississippi state senate in 1873 and
1874; member of assembly in 1881; and
was appointed a delegate to Cincinnati
republican national convention in 1876.
He was register United States land office
from 1883 to 1885; and was elected to the
fifty-first congress as a republican.
McCORKLE, JOSEPH W., congressman,
was born in Ohio. He was a representa
tive in congress from California from
1851 to 1853.
McCORKLE, SAMUEL EUSEBIUS,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Aug. 23, 1746, near Harris' Ferry, Pa. He
published sermons, Discourses on the
Terms of Christian Communion; and Dis
courses on the great First Principles of
Deism and Revelation contrasted. He
died Jan. 21, 1811, in North Carolina.
McCORMICK, ANDREW PHELPS,
lawyer, jurist, state senator, was born
Dec. 18, 1832, in Brazoria county, Texas.
He was judge of probate in Brazoria coun
ty, Texas, in 1865 and 1866; was a member
of the state constitutional conventions of
1866 and 1868; and was judge of the cir
cuit court from 1871 to 1876. He was state
senator from 1876 to 1879. In 1879 he was
appointed United States district judge for
the northern district of Texas, and re
signed as senator to enter upon his judi
cial duties.
McCORMICK, ANDREW WILSON, sol
dier, jurist, lawyer, was born Feb. 3, 1830,
in Waynesburg, Pa. During the war he
served in the seventy-seventh regiment,
Ohio volunteer infantry, and was brevet
ted major and lieutenant-colonel for gal
lantry. He has attained eminence as one
of the foremost lawyers of Ohio at Cin
cinnati; has been an eminent jurist; and
is a successful pension attorney, with
offices in Cincinnati and Washington,
D. C.
McCORMICK, CYRUS HALL, manu
facturer, inventor, was born Feb. 15, 1809.
at Walnut Grove, Va. In 1846-48 some of
__ _^ the McCormick ma
chines were manu
factured at Brock-
port, N. Y., the mak-
£*«ES J ers paying a royalty
• on all they sold. In
1847 Mr. McCormick
removed to Chicago.
where he built new
shops, and in the
same year obtained
a third patent for
additional improve
ments. The sale, in
1847, amounted to about 700 machines; in
1848, to J.500. In 1879 the business was
incorporated as The McCormick Harvest
ing Machine company, with a capital of
$2,500,000, the founder becoming president
of the company. He died May 13, 1884,
in Chicago, 111.
McCORMICK, CYRUS HALL, was born
May 16, 1869, in Washington, D. C. He
entered the business of The McCormick
Harvesting Machine company, serving in
several departmenis in order that he
might obtain a knowledge of its various
branches. On the death of his father, in
1884, he was elected to succeed him as
president of the company, and has con
tinued in that position up to the present
time.
McCORMICK, HENRY C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 30, 1844, in Ly-
coming county, Pa. He was elected to the
fiftieth congress from Pennsylvania; and
was re-elected to the fifty-first congress as
a republican.
McCORMICK, JAMES R., soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born Aug. 1,
1824, in Washington county, Mo. In 1862
he was elected to the Missouri state sen
ate. He served as a brigadier-general of
militia in 1863; and was appointed a sur
geon in the army, which position he re
signed. He was again elected to the state
senate in 1866. He was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the fortieth
congress, to fill a vacancy; and was re-
elected to the forty-first and forty-second
congresses as a democrat.
McCORMICK, JOHN W., farmer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 20, 1831, in Gal-
lia county, Ohio. He was elected delegate
to the Ohio constitutional convention In
1873; and was elected to the forty-eighth
congress as a republican.
McCORMICK, LEANDER J.. manufac
turer, was born Feb. 8, 1819, at Walnut
Grove, Va. He was one of the founders
of The McCormick
Harvesting Machine
company. He took
entire charge of the
manufacturing de
partment, and was
able to make numer
ous valuable im
provements upon
the original patterns.
Having amassed a
sufficient fortune,
Mr. McCormick re
tired from the con
cern in 1889, and invested his means large
ly in stately business edifices in Chicago
and has had the satisfaction of witnessing
a great growth in value of his property.
One of his public gifts was a twenty-six-
inch refracting telescope, the largest in
the world at the time, to the university of
Virginia in Charlottesville, Va.
McCORMICK, N. B., lawyer, congress
man, was born Nov. 20, 1847, in Fayette
county, Pa. He was county attorney of
Fayette county, Pa., in 1890-94; and was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a pop
ulist.
McCORMICK, RICHARD CUNNING
HAM, journalist, congressman, governor,
author, was born in 1832, in New York
city. In 1862 he was
chief clerk of the
department of agri
culture in Washing
ton; and in 1863 was
appointed secretary
of Arizona territory.
In 1866 he was ap
pointed governor of
the territory; and in
1868 was elected del
egate from Arizona
to the forty-first con
gress, and re-elected
to the two succeeding congresses. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican. He is the author of Visit to
the Camp at Sebastopol; St. Paul's to
St. Sophia; and Arizona: its Resources.
634
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
McCORMICK, ROBERT, inventor, was
born in 1780, in Walnut Grove, Va. He
was the inventor of a machine for clean
ing hemp. He died July 4, 1846, in Wal
nut Grove, Va.
McCORMICK, ROBERT LAIRD, lum
ber manufacturer, banker, legislator, was
born Oct. 29, 1847, in Clinton county. Pa.
He received his education at the Saunders
institute of West Philadelphia, Pa. He
is a successful banker and lumber manu
facturer of Hay ward, Wis. ; and is inter
ested ill a dozen lumber corporations with
an aggregate capital of five million dol
lars. During 1881-82 he served with dis
tinction as a senator in the Minnesota
state legislature, and was the grand com
mander of the Minnesota Knights Tem
plar in 1880-81. In 1892 he was colonel of
the Wisconsin division Sons of Veterans;
and since 1892 has been vice-president of
the State Historical society of Wisconsin.
McCOSH, JAMES, educator, clergyman,
college president, author, was born April
1, 1811, in Scotland. He came to America
in 1868, and was president of Princeton
college in 1868-88. His principal writings
include. Logic: the Laws of Discursive
Thought; Christianity and Positivism;
Scottish Philosophy; Mill's Philosophy;
Method of the Divine Government; First
and Fundamental Truths; Psychology;
The Emotions; Our Moral Nature; Gospel
Sermons; Philosophy of Reality; The Re
ligious Aspect of Evolution; Realistic Phi
losophy Defended; Whither? O Whither
Tell Me Where; The Development of Hy
potheses; and Philosophic Series: I. Ex
pository, II. Historical and Critical. He
died in 1894.
McCOSKRY, SAMUEL ALLEN, bishop,
was born Nov. 9, 1804, in Carlisle, Pa.
He was elected to be the first bishop of
Michigan, and was consecrated in 1836.
He died Aug. 1, 1886, in New York city.
McCOURT, DAVID W., dentist, poet,
was born Oct. 4, 1859, in Waukesha, Wis.
He is a successful dentist of St. Paul,
Minn.; and the author of a volume of
poems entitled The Treasures of Weins-
berg, and Other Poems.
McCOUVlLLE, DANIEL, public official,
politician, was oorn July 30, 1846, in Ire
land. In 1878-84 ne was director of the
Ohio penitentiary; auditor of the United
States treasury during 1885-89; and has
filled numerous public offices of honor.
He was a delegate to the democratic na
tional convention in 1880, 1884, and in
1896. In 1896 and 1897 he was chairman
of the Ohio democratic state committee;
and in 1896 was chairman of the bureau
of speakers for the democratic national
committee.
McCOW, GEORGE HERBERT, artist,
was born Aug. 1, 1848, in New York city.
In 1884 he received a medal and diploma
from the Mechanics' association of Mas
sachusetts; and the following year a med
al and diploma from the World's Cotton
exposition at New Orleans. His most no
table pictures are Craig Dhu, Windsor
Castle, Sunset, and Nantucket Moors.
McCOWEN. JENNIE, physician, sur
geon, lecturer, was born June 15, 1845, in
Harveysburg, Ohio. She first taught school
for twelve years; and in 1876 graduated
from the medical department of the state
university of Iowa, receiving a prize for
a thesis on Puerperal Fever. For sev
eral years she was assistant physician on
the staff of the State Hospital for the In
sane of Mount Pleasant, Iowa; and in 1880
located in Davenport, limiting her prac
tice to nervous diseases of women. She
is a member of the leading medical socie
ties; in 1883-84 was president of the Scott
County Medical society; and since 1893
she has been president of the Woman's
alliance. In 1893 she represented Iowa
at theWorld'sColumbian exposition in the
Congress on Woman s Progress, and de
livered several addresses while a member.
She has written scores of valuable pa
pers on medical topics which have received
publication in the Iowa Medical Journal
and other leading medical publications.
McCOY, MRS. CATHERINE (WEBB)
(TOWLES), author, was born in 1823, in
Massachusetts. She is a writer of Colum
bus, Ga., and the author of Tales from the
Freemason's Fireside; The Three Golden
Links; and Poor Claire, or Life Among
the Queer.
McCOY, ROBERT, soldier, congress
man. He was a member of congress from
Pennsylvania from 1831 to 1833. He died
June 7, 1849, in Wheeling, W. Va.
McCOY, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Augusta county, Va. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1811 to 1833.
McCRACKAN, WILLIAM DENISON,
lecturer, author, was born in 1864, in Mu
nich. He is the author of The Rise of me
Swiss Republic: Romance and Teutonic
Switzerland; Swiss Solutions of American
Problems; and Little Idyls of the Big
World.
McCRARY, ALVIN JASPER, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 20. 1844, in Keo-
sauqua, Iowa. He took part as a union
soldier during the
civil war. He then
studied law in Keo-
kuk, Iowa, which
city has been his
home ever since, ac
tively engaged in the
practice of his pro
fession f&r over thir
ty years. He has
served with distinc
tion as judge of the
district court of the
first district of Iowa.
He has been president of the Iowa State
Bar association; is an active member of
the American Bar association, and repre
sents Iowa in the general council of that
association. He has devoted much time
and money to religious work in the state;
for twenty-two years has been superin
tendent of the Sunday-school of his home
church; and for five years president of the
Iowa baptist state convention.
McCRARY, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
lawyer, jurist, state senator, congressman,
author, was born Aug. 29, 1835, in Evans-
ville, Ind. In 1857 he was elected to the
Iowa state legislature; and in 1861 was
elected to the state senate for four years.
In 1868 he was elected a representative
from Iowa to the iorty-first congress; and
was re-elected to the forty-second, forty-
third and forty-fourth congresses. In
1879 he was appointed United biates cir
cuit judge of the eighth judicial circuit.
He was the author of Treatise on the Amer
ican Law of Elections; and Reports of the
Circuit Courts 01 the United States,
Eighth District. 1879-83. He died in 1890.
McCRATE, JOHN D., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born about 1800,
in Wiscasset, Maine. He was a member
of the Maine legislature from 1831 to
1836; collector of customs at Wiscasset
from 1836 to 1841; and was a representa
tive in congress from Maine from 1845 to
1847.
McCREA, JAMES, engineer, railroad
president, was born May 1, 1848, in Phila
delphia, Pa. Since 1893 he has been presi
dent of the Cincinnati and Muskingum
Valley railway; since 1896 president of
the Terre Haute and Indianapolis Rail-
way company; and also president of the-
Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad com
pany.
McCREARY. JAMES BENNETT, law
yer, congressman, governor, was born
July 8, 1838, in Madison county, Ky. At
the beginning of the
civil war he enlisted
as a private in the
confederate army
and was elected ma
jor of the eleventh
Kentucky cavalry;
and at the time of
J the surrender of the
confederate forces
was lieutenant-colo
nel of his regiment.
In 1869 he was elect
ed a representative
in the Kentucky legislature and was twice
re-elected. In 1871 he was elected speak
er and was re-elected in 1873. He was
elected governor of Kentucky in 1875. and
served four years. In 1884 he was elected
a representative from Kentucky to the
forty-ninth congress; and was re-electeu
to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-
third and fifty-fourth congresses as a
democrat.
McCREARY, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Chester district, S. C. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1819 to 1821.
McCREARY, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1803 to 1809.
McCREEDY, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1829 to 1831.
McCREERY, THOMAS CLAY, agricul
turist, United States senator, was born in
1817, in Kentucky. He was a presidential
elector of Kentucky in 1852; a visitor to
the West Point academy in 1858; and in
1868 was elected a senator in congress to
fill a vacancy. He was re-elected in 1873
for the term ending in 1879. He died July
10, 1890, in Owensboro, Ky.
McCROREY, JAMES A., educator, law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 11, 1852, in
Talbot county, Ga. He received his
education at the Oglethorpe university of
Atlanta, Ga.; and for many years was
engaged in educational work as a teacher
in the public schools of his native state.
He has attained prominence as an able
lawyer of Florida; for eight years was
probate judge of Brevard county, in that
state; after which time he resigned and
took up the practice ot his profession at
Miami, Fla.
McCUE, ALEXANDER, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1826, in Mexico. He was cor
poration counsel of the city of Brooklyn
in 1861 and 1862, and again in 1867 and
1868. In 1870 he was elected one of the-
judges of the city court of Brooklyn, serv
ing until 1885, when he became solicitor
of the United States treasury at Washing
ton.
McCULLAGH, JOSEPH BURBRIDGE,
journalist, was born in 1843, in Ireland.
In 1875 he became editor of the Globe-
Democrat of St. Ixniis. Mo., which position
he still holds.
McCULLOCH, BEiM, soldier, legislator,
was born Nov. 11, 1811, in Rutherford
county, Tenn. In 1839 he was elected to-
the congress of Texas. When Texas was
admitted to the union in 1845 he was
elected to the first legislature. He died
March 7, 1862, near Pea Ridge, Ark.
McCULLOCH, GEORGE, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state-
from 1840 to 1841.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
635
McCULLOCH, HUGH, banker, finan
cier, author, was born Dec. 7, 1808, in
Kennebunk, Maine. In 1857 he was elect
ed president of the State bank of Indiana,
and in 1865 he entered the cabinet as
secretary of the treasury. He was the au
thor of Men and Measures of Half a
Century. He died in 1895.
McCULLOCH, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1853 to 1855.
McCULLOCH, PHILIP D., lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born June 23, 1851,
in Murfreesboro, Tenn. He was elected as
the democratic nom
inee to the office of
prosecuting attorney
of the first judicial
district of Arkansas
in 1878; was renom-
inated and elected
for three successive
terms; and at the
expiration of his
third term he de
clined to offer again.
He was elected as
the democratic pres
idential elector for the first congressional
district in 1888; was nominated by the
democratic congressional convention for
the fifty-third congress by acclamation
and was elected; and was elected to the
fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a democrat.
McCULLOCH, THOMAS G., congress
man, was born in Franklin county, Pa.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1820 to 1822, to fill a va
cancy.
McCULLOGH, WELTY, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 10, 1847, in
Greensburg, Pa. During the war he was
second clerk under Captain W. B. Coulter,
provost marshal of twenty-first district of
Pennsylvania for two years. He was
elected to the fiftieth congress as a repub
lican.
McCULLOH, JAMES HAINES, sur
geon, banker, author, was born about 1793
in Maryland. He became curator of the
Maryland Academy of Science, and vice-
president of the Baltimore apprentices'
library in 1822. He published Researches
on America, being an Attempt to settle
some Points relative to the Aborigines of
America; and Researches, Philosophical
and Antiquarian, concerning the Aborigi
nal History of America.
McCULLOUGH, HIRAM, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Sept. 20,
1813, in Cecil county, Md. He was elected
to the Maryland senate in 1845; and re-
elected. He was elected a representative
from Maryland to the thirty-ninth con
gress; and re-elected to the fortieth con1
gress.
McCULLOUGH, JOHN GRIFFITH, law
yer, financier, was born Sept. 16, 1835,
near Newark, Del. In 1861 he was elected
_____ to the legislature.
and in 1862 they sent
him to the state
senate, while in 1863,
at the age of twenty-
eight, he was elected
attorney-general of
the state, a most
flattering exhibition
of the public admira
tion of his talents
and manliness. For
four years he served
the state in the try
ing position of attorney-general. In 1873
he became vice-president and general
manager of the Panama railroad, retain
ing that position until 1883, when he was
elected president of the corporation. In
1890 the stockholders of the Chicago and
Erie railroad elected him president of
that company, and he is also now presi
dent of the Benningi.on and Rutland rail
road and the First National Bank of
North Bennington.
McCULLOUGH, JOSEPH ALLEN, law
yer, legislator, was born Sept. 9, 1865, in
Greenville county, S. C. He is the son of
the late Rev. A. C. Stepp, and when an
infant was adopted by the late Colonel
James McCullough, who had his name
changed by an act of the legislature. In
1887 he graduated in both academic and
law departments from the South Carolina
college, with the degrees of A. B. and LL.
B. He soon acquired prominence as a
lawyer; has been engaged in some of the
most important civil and criminal cases
in the south; and was corporation coun
sel of Greenville for six years. In 1896
he was elected a member of the South
Carolina state legislature, and is a val
uable member of that body.
McCULLUM, W., poet. He is the au
thor of a volume of poems entitled Mem
ory Gems.
McCURDY, CHARLES JOHNSON, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, congressman,
was born Dec. 7, 1797, in Lyme, Conn. He
was a member of both branches of the
Connecticut legislature, and three years
speaker of the house. He was lieutenant-
governor in 1845 and 1846; United States
minister to Austria in 1851 and 1852; and
in 1856 was appointed a judge of the supe
rior court, and subsequently on the su
preme bench until 1867.
McCURDY, S. P., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Kentucky. He removed to Mis
souri, from which state ne was appointed
an associate justice of the United States
court for the territory of Utah, residing
at Fort Bridger.
McCUTCHEN, CICERO DECATUR,
lawyer, soldier, jurist, was born Oct. 31,
1824, in Hall county, Ga. He entered the
confederate army in 1862, as lieutenant of
the fourth Georgia cavalry, rising to the
rank of captain. At the end of the civil
war he resumed his law practice at Dai-
ton, Ohio, and was appointed judge of the
superior court.
McDANIEL, EDWARD DA VIES, physi
cian, educator, was born July 7, 1822, in
Chester, S. C. In 1887 he became profes
sor of materia medica and therapeutics in
the medical college of Alabama at Mo
bile. He was chosen president of the Ala
bama State Medical society in 1876.
McDANIEL, HENRY DICKERSON,
soldier, state senator, governor, was born
Sept. 4, 1837, in Walton county, Ga.,
where he still re
sides and practices
law. A portion of
his youth was spent
in Atlanta. In 1856
he graduated from
Mercer university,
and soon after be
gan the practice of
in i'-.'il In \va,-
• distinguished as be-
I ing the youngest
member of the seces
sion convention of
Georgia, in which body he opposed dis
union, but finally voted for and signed the
ordinance of secession. He went to the
front as a lieutenant in the eleventh
Georgia infantry; was promoted major of
his regiment in 1862, and was terribly
wounded near Hagerstown in the retreat
from Gettysburg. In 1865 he was a deie-
gate to the constitutional convention; in
1872 was chosen a representative to the
state legislature; and in 1874 was made
state senator, serving as such with mark
ed ability for eight years, when he posi
tively declined any further re-election.
He was elected governor in 1883; and re
ceived the re-election to a second term
without opposition. At the termination of
his second term he retired, being ineligi
ble by law to a third term. He has an
extensive law practice at Monroe, Ga. ; is
a director of the Georgia Railroad and
Banking company, and of the High Shoals
Cotton Manufacturing company, and va
rious other business enterprises.
McDANIEL, S. C., clergyman, author,
poet. He is the author of The Origin and
Early History of the Congregational
Church; and a number of meritorious
poems.
McDANNOLD, JOHN J., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 29, 1851, in
Brown county, 111. He was elected county
judge of Brown county, 111., in 1886, and1
re-elected in 1890, and resigned in 1892.
He was elected to the fifty-third congress
as a democrat.
McDEARMON, JAMES CALVIN, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born June
13, 1844, in New Canton. Va. He was
elected to the fifty-third congress from
Tennessee, and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a democrat.
McDERMOTT, HUGH FARRAR, jour
nalist, poet, was born in 1833. He was a
journalist of New York city; and the au
thor of Poems from an Editor's Table;
and The Blind Canary, a book of poems.
He died in 1890.
McDERMOTT, THOMAS JEFFERSON,
lawyer, orator, writer, was born Nov. 17,
1861, in Kasota, Minn. He received the
rudiments of his ed-
^^•••rill^H ucation in the dis
trict school, and at a
private college; and
subsequently attend
ed the state univer
sity of Minnesota,
from which institu
tion he was a grad
uate. For six years
he was in the United
States postal service;
was a member of the
executive committee
of the democratic state central commit
tee; and for two years was chairman of
the democratic state central committee.
He has attained prominence as one of
the foremost lawyers of Minnesota, and
has a large practice in the city of St. Paul.
He is a brilliant orator; and as a writer
has contributed valuable articles to law-
literature and the periodical press gener
ally.
McDILL, ALEXANDER STUART, phy
sician, state senator, congressman, was
born March 18, 1822, in Crawford county,.
Pa. He was elected to the Wisconsin
state house of representatives in 1861, and
to the state senate in 1862. He was cho
sen a presidential elector in 1864; was one
of the bqard of managers of the Wiscon
sin State Hospital for the Insane from
1862 to 1868, when he was elected medical
superintendent, which position he re
signed to take his seat in the forty-third
congress as a republican. He died Nov.
12, 1875, near Madison, Wis.
McDILL, JAMES WILSON, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, United States senator,
was born March 4, 1834, in Monroe, Ohio.
He moved to Iowa and was elected judge
of Union county in 1859. He was elected
circuit judge in 1868; and in 1870 was ap
pointed and then elected district judge.
He was elected to the forty-third and for
ty-fourth congresses. He was a state rail
road commissioner from 1878 to 1881; and
in 1881 was first appointed and then
elected to fill a vacancy in the United
States senate, and served during 1881-83.
636
f -
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MCDONALD, ALEXANDER, merchant,
banker, United States senator, was born
April 10, 1832, in Clinton county. Pa. In
1863 he settled in Arkansas, established
and became president of a national bank
at Fort Smith; and also became president
of the Merchant's National bank at Little
Rock. He was elected a senator in con
gress from Arkansas for the term ending
in 1871, having taken his seat on the ad
mission of that state into the union.
MCDONALD, CHARLES JAMES, jurist,
legislator, state senator, governor, was
born July 9, 1793, in Charleston, S. C. He
was solicitor-general in 1822; and a judge
of the circuit court of Georgia in 1825.
He was in the legislature in 1834, a mem
ber of the state senate in 1837, and was
elected governor of Georgia in 1839, and
re-elected in 1841. From 1857 until his
death he was a judge of the supreme court
of Georgia. He died Dec. 16, 1860, in
Marietta, Ga.
McDONALD, DAVID, lawyer, jurist. He
was a judge of the United States court for
the district of Indiana.
MCDONALD, EDWARD FRANCIS, con
gressman, was born Sept. 21, 1844, in Ire
land. He served in the civil war; and in
1874 was elected to the New Jersey state
legislature. In 1889 he was elected a state
•senator; and in 1890 was elected a mem
ber of the fifty-second congress. He died
Nov. 5, 1892, in Harrison, N. J.
MCDONALD, GEORGE KENZIE, cler
gyman, was born Sept. 17, 1868, in New
Glasgow, Nova Scotia. He has attained
prominence as a clergyman of the bap
tist church; has filled a pastorate in Rol-
lin, Mich.; and since 1892 has been pas
tor of the Bethel Baptist church of Kala-
mazoo.
McDONALD, J. R.. railroad president.
He was president of Washington South
ern railway at Seattle, Wash.
McDONALD, JAMES E., journalist,
state senator, was born Sept. 9, 1855, in
Columbia City, Ind. He has been a mem
ber of the Indiana state board of agri
culture; and has served as a state senator
in the Indiana legislature.
McDuriALD, JAMES MADISON, clergy
man, author, was born May 22, 1812, in
Limerick, Maine. He was a congrega
tional clergyman who was pastor of a
church in Princeton, N. J., in 1856-76; and
the author of Credulity; My Father's
House, or the Heaven of the Bible; Life
and Writings of St. John; Ecclesiastes Ex
plained; and Key to the Book of Revela
tion. He died April 19, 1876, in Prince
ton, N. J.
McDONALD, JOHN, soldier, legislator,
congressman, was born May 24, 1837, in
Ireland. In 1861 he was ordered to the
seat of war. He served in the cavalry
corps of the army of the Potomac through
out the war. He was retired as a cap
tain of ca\alry July 1, 1868, for' disabili
ties incurred in the line of service. He
was elected to the Maryland legislature as
a republican in 1881; and was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
MCDONALD, JOSEPH EWING, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Aug. 29, 1819, in Butler county, Ohio.
He was elected prosecuting attorney of
Indiana in 1843, and held the office four
years. In 1849 he was elected a represen
tative in congress, and served one term.
He was elected attorney general of the
state in 1856; and re-elected in 1858. He
moved to Indianapolis in 1859; was a can
didate for governor in 1864, but defeated;
and was elected to the United States sen
ate in 1875, for the term ending in 1881.
He died June 21, 1891, in Indianapolis, Ind.
McDONALD. WITTEN, journalist, was
born June 4, 1846, in Wyoming county,
Pa. In 1882 he organized the Armour
Banking company, of which institution
he has continued to be president. In 1892
he became president of the Kansas City
Times Newspaper company.
McDONELL, ARCHIBALD, lawyer, was
born Jan. 1, 1833, in Nova Scotia. In 1861
he graduated from the law department
of the university of Michigan. He has
attained prominence as an able lawyer of
Bay City, Mich.; has been mayor of that
city for two terms; an elector at large for
Tilden: and in 1896 was a congressional
delegate to the national democratic con
vention.
MCDONNELL, TIMOTHY LAWRENCE,
educator, lawyer, was born May 31, 1861,
in Bourbon county, Ky. In his youth he as
sisted his father (who
was a building con
tractor) in the differ
ent departments of
building. He later
took part in the pre
liminary surveys and
the actual construc
tion of railroads. For
two years he pursued
a classical course in
the St. Mary's col
lege, Kas. ; and sev
eral years was en
gaged in educational work. He then deliv
ered a course of lectures in the western
states, and subsequently graduated from
the law department of the Omaha univer
sity. He is the founder and instructor
of a private law school in Omaha, in
which city he has a lucrative law prac
tice.
McDONOGH, JOHN, philanthropist, was
born Dec. 29, 1779, in Baltimore, Md. At
his death he left the bulk of his fortune,
which was estimated at more than $2,-
000,000, to the cities of New Orleans and
Baltimore, for the purpose of establishing
free schools.
McDONOUGH, JOHN JAMES, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born March 15, 1857,
in Fall River, Mass. He received the
rudiments of his education in the schools
of his native city; in 1880 graduated from
the Holy Cross college of Worcester,
Mass., with the degree of A. B. ; and in
1884 graduated from the Boston univer
sity school of law, with the degree of
LL. B. 'He is a prominent lawyer of his
native city; and since 1893 has been judge
of the second district court of Bristol. He
takes a prominent part in the public and
political affairs of his county and state.
McDONOUGH, THOMAS, naval officer,
commodore, was born Dec. 23, 1783, in
New Castle county, Del. He was twenty-
eight years of age at the time of the en
gagement at Plattsburg; and became a
commodore in the navy. The state of
New York gave him one thousand acres
of land on Plattsburg bay for his serv
ices. He died Nov. 16, 1825, at sea.
McDOUGAL, CLINTON DUGALD, sol
dier, congressman, was born July 14, 1839,
in Scotland. He led a brigade in the army
of the Potomac at Gettysburg and in its
subsequent campaigns until the close of
the war, and in 1864 was brevetted brig
adier-general of volunteers. He was elect
ed to congress from New York as a re
publican in 1872, serving till 1877; and
In 1877 he was appointed United States
marshal for the western judicial district
of New York.
McDOUGAL, DAVID, naval officer, was
born Sept. 27, 1809, in Ohio. He was ap
pointed midshipman in 1828, past mid
shipman in 1834, and commodore in 1869.
He died Aug. 7, 1882, in San Francisco,
Cal.
McDOUGAL, MRS. FRANCES HAR
RIET [WHIPPLE] [GREENE], author,
was born in 1805 in Rhode Island. She
was a Rhode Island writer who resided
in California in 1862; and was the author
of The Original; The Mechanic; Might
and Right, a History of the Dorr Rebel
lion; Shahmah in Pursuit of Freedom;
The Dwarf Boy, and Minor Poems; and
Beyond the Veil. She died in 1875.
McDOUGAL, JOHN M., educator, law
yer, jurist, was born April 21, 1850, in
LaRue county, Ky. In his early days he
taught school ; for
three years was dep
uty state librarian of
Kentucky; and in
1876 was sergeant-
at-arms in the Ken
tucky house of repre
sentatives. He was
commissioned colo
nel on the staff of
Gov. Leslie, and also
on the staff of Gov.
McCrary. Since 1880
he has practiced law
in Gunnison, Colo., when not on the
bench; has been city attorney, county at
torney, deputy district attorney, and held
the office of county judge for six years.
McDOUGALL, JAMES A., lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Nov. 19, 1817, in Bethlehem, N. Y.
In 1850 he was elected attorney general
of California; and was a representative in
congress from California from 1853 to
1855, declining a renomination. In 1861
he was elected a senator in congress for
six years. He died Sept. 3, 1867, in Al
bany, N. Y.
McDOUGALL, JOHN, governor. He was
acting-governor of California from 1851 to
1852.
MCDOWELL, ALEXANDER, banker,
congressman, was born in 1845 in Frank
lin, Pa. He is a banker of Sharon, Pa.;
and was elected to the fifty-third congress.
McDOWELL, B. M., musician, compos
er, was born May 26, 1845, in Pittsburg,
Pa. He is a successful teacher of music
in Cambridge, Ohio; and the author of a
number of popular pieces.
McDOWELL, IRVIN, soldier, was born
Oct. 15, 1818, in Columbus, Ohio. In 1861
he was appointed brigadier-general of the
army of the Potomac, and commanded the
Union forces at the battle of Bull Run.
He died May 4, 1885, in San Francisco,
Cal.
McDOWELL, JAMES, congressman,
governor, was born Oct. 12, 1796, in Rock-
bridge county, Va. He was governor of
Virginia from 1842 to 1845; and from
1845 to 1851 was a representative in con
gress from the eleventh congressional
district of Virginia. He died Aug. 24, 1851,
in Lexington, Ky.
MCDOWELL, JAMES FOSTER, lawyer,
journalist, congressman, was born Dec. 3,
1825, in Mifflin county, Pa. In 1851 he set
tled in Indiana and established the Mar
ion Journal. He was a presidential elec
tor in 1852; and in 1862 was elected a rep
resentative from Indiana to the thirty-
eighth congress.
McDOWELL, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 10, 1780, in Bedminster, N.
J. He was a trustee of Princeton in
New Jersey for more than fifty years, and
of the Theological seminary there from
its foundation, and as agent of both in
stitutions he collected sums for their en
dowment. His works are, A Bible-Class
Manual; and A System of Theology. He
died in February, 1863, in Philadelphia,
Pa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
637
MCDOWELL, JOHN ANDERSON, edu
cator, congressman, was born Sept. 25,
1853, in Killbuck, Ohio. He was principal
of Millersburg High school, Ohio, for two
years; and superintendent of Millersburg
schools for seventeen years; and was
county school examiner for seven years.
He was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a democrat.
McDOWELL, JOHN HUGH, farmer, ed
itor, legislator, was born Dec. 12, 1843, in
Trenton, Tenn. He received a liberal ed
ucation, and has been principally engaged
in farming at Union City, Tenn. He has
been a member of the lower house of the
general assembly of Tennessee for two
terms; and has served with distinction as
a member of the state senate. He has
been president of the State Farmers' Al
liance, and vice-president of the National
Farmers' Alliance. He is a prominent
member of the people's party, and served
as chairman of the state committee. For
eight years he was engaged in editorial
work; and has contributed extensively to
the periodical press.
McDOWELL, JOSEPH, soldier, con
gressman, was born Feb. 25, 1756, in Win
chester, Va. He was a member of the
North Carolina house of commons from
1782 to 1788; and was a representative in
congress from 1793 to 1795, and again
from 1797 to 1799. He died in North
Carolina.
McDOWELL, JOSEPH J., congressman,
was born Nov. 13, 1800, in Burke county,
N. C. He was elected a representative in
congress from Kentucky from 1843 to 1847.
He died Jan. 17, 1877, in Hillsborough,
Ohio.
McDOWELL, MRS. KATHERINE
SHERWOOD [BONNER], author, was
born Feb. 26, 1849, in Holly Springs, Miss.
She was a writer of Holly Springs, Miss.,
from 1873 to 1878 a resident of Boston,
and the private secretary of Longfellow.
In Mrs. Kirk's novel of Margaret Kent she
figures as the heroine. She was the author
of Dialect Tales; Suwanee River Tales;
and Like unto Like. She died July 22, 1883,
in Holly Springs, Miss.
MCDOWELL, WILLIAM FRASER,
chancellor, clergyman, was born Feb. 4,
1858, in Millersburg, Ohio. Since 1890 he
has been chancellor of the university of
Denver.
MCDOWELL, WILLIAM OSBORNE.
merchant, railroad president, philanthro
pist, was born April 10, 1848, in Bed-
minster, N. J. In 1882 he was president
of the New York Sea Beach railroad, re
signing in 1883. He established the first
technical school in Newark, N. J.; and
helped to establish free libraries in New
ark, Jersey City, Bayonne, and Hacken-
sack.
McDUFFIE, GEORGE, soldier, legisla
tor, congressman, governor, United States
senator, was born in 1788 in Columbia
county, Ga. He served a number of years
in the South Carolina state legislature;
and was a major of militia. He was elected
a representative in congress from South
Carolina in 1821, and served until 1835,
when he was chosen governor of the state.
In 1843 he was elected a senator of the
United States. He died March 11, 1851, in
Sumter District, S. C.
McDUFFIE, JOHN V., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born May 16,
1841, in Addison, N. Y. He located in
Lowndes county, Ala., where he has
since resided. He was elected judge of pro
bate in 1868; was re-elected in 1872, and
held the office until 1880. He was elected
to the fifty-first congress.
McELRATH, THOMAS, lawyer, pub
lisher, legislator, was born May 1, 1807,
in Williamsport, Pa. Removing later to
New York city, he was engaged as proof
reader and then as head salesman in the
Methodist Book concern, and in 1825 he
formed a partnership with Lemuel Bangs
in the publication of school and religious
books. In 1838 he was elected to the New
York state legislature. He died June 6,
1888, in New York city.
MCELROY, CROCKETT, business man,
state senator, was born Dec. 31, 1835, in
Canada. He is a successful businessman of
St. Clair, Mich.; has been justice of the
peace, and mayor of that city. He has
also served with distinction as a member
of the Michigan state senate.
McELROY, JOHN, journalist, was born
in 1846, in Greenup county, Ky. For ten
years he was the editor-in-chief of the
Toledo Blade; and since 1884 has held that
position on the National Tribune of
Washington, D. C.
McELWAIN, WILLIAM P., lawyer, leg
islator, was born in 1860, in Mercer coun
ty, Pa. He has been judge of the city
court of Seattle, Wash.; and in 1893 he
was elected a member of the state legis
lature of Washington.
McENERY, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, was
born in Virginia. In 1866 he was elected
to the Louisiana state legislature, but
was deprived of his place by the recon
struction acts of congress. In 1871 he
was nominated by three parties for the
executive office, carried the state by ten
thousand majority, and yet was counted
out by the returning board. He practiced
law in New Orleans, La.
McENERY, SAMUEL DOUGLAS, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, governor, United
States senator, was born May 28, 1837,
in Monroe, La. He
entered the confeder
ate army in 1861, and
served throughout
the war. After its
close he entered up
on the practice of
law in Monroe, La.
In 1879 he was elect
ed lieutenant-gov
ernor of the state;
and by the death of
Gov. Wiltz in 1881
became governor of
Louisiana. In 18&3 he was elected gov
ernor for the full term of four years. In
1888 he was appointed for a term of twelve
years as associate justice of the supreme
court. In 1896 he was elected to the
United States senate for term expiring in
1903.
McENIRY, MATTHEW J., lawyer, poli
tician, was born April 9, 1858, in Zuma
township, near Moline, 111. He received
his education in the
public schools, St.
John's college, Notre
Dame university, and
the State university
of Michigan. Since
1882 he has continu
ously been a member
of the democratic
committee, and a
delegate to nearly
every state conven
tion of his party
since 1884. He has
taken an active interest in politics and
has attained success as a platform speak
er. Since 1888 he has practiced law with
success in Moline, III., and since 1894 has
been postmaster of that city.
McENTEE, JERVIS, artist, was born
July 14, 1828, in Rondout, N. Y. His
more important works are The Melancholy
Days Have Come; Indian Summer; Late
Autumn; October Snow; Sea from Shore;
Cape Ann; A Song of Summer; Winter in
the Mountains; Clouds; The Edge of a
Wood; Kaatskill River; Autumn Mem
ory; Shadows of Autumn; and The Kaats-
kills in Winter; Christmas Eve; and
Shadows of Autumn. He died Jan. 27,
1891, in Rondout, N. Y.
McETTRICK, MICHAEL J., journalist,
state senator, congressman, was born June
22, 1846, in Roxbury, Mass. He was as
sistant assessor of Boston in 1884; and
was elected the same year to the house of
representatives of Massachusetts and re-
elected for seven consecutive terms. In
1890 he was elected to the state senate;
and was elected to the fifty-third congress
as a democrat.
McEWAN, THOMAS, civil engineer, leg
islator, congressman, was born Feb. 26,
1854, in Paterson, N. J. In 1893 he was
elected a member of the New Jersey as
sembly; and in the legislative session of
1894 was chosen the republican leader of
the house. He was elected to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
McFADDEN, BERNARD ADOLPHUS,
educator, author, was born in 1868 in Mis
souri. He is a teacher of physical train
ing in New York city; and the author of
The Athlete's Conquest, a novel; and Sys
tem of Physical Training.
McFADDEN, OBADIAH B., lawyer, jur
ist, legislator, congressman, was born in
1817 in Washington county, Pa. He was
elected to the legislature of Pennsyl
vania in 1843. In 1853 he was ap
pointed associate justice of the su
preme court for the territory of Oregon;
in 1854 was appointed associate justice of
the supreme court for Washington terri
tory; and in 1858 was appointed chief jus
tice of the same, and discharged the du
ties until 1861. He represented his district
in the legislative council; and was elected
to the forty-third congress as a delegate
from Washington territory. He died
June 25, 1875, in Olympia, W. T.
McFARLAN, DUNCAN, state senator,
congressman. He was a representative in
congress from North Carolina from 1805
to 1807; and subsequently a member of
.the state senate for three years.
McFARLAND, FRANCIS PATRICK,
bishop, was born April 16, 1819, in Frank
lin, Pa. In 1858 he was consecrated bish
op of the see of Hartford; and, like the
two first bishops, made Providence his
residence. He died Oct. 12, 1874, in Hart
ford, Conn.
McFARLAND, GEORGE A., educator,
college president, was born April 8, 1858,
in Chagrin Falls, Ohio. In 1887 he became
secretary of the territorial board of edu
cation of Dakota. After the territory was
divided into two states, he entered educa
tional work, and became in 1892 president
of the State Normal school of Valley City,
N. D.
McFARLAND, NOAH C., lawyer, state
senator, was born April 23, 1822, in Wash
ington county, Pa. From 1849 he prac
ticed law in Hamilton, Ohio; and in 1865
was elected a state senator. In 1870 he
moved to Topeka, Kas. ; and was elected a
state senator. He was twice appointed
a regent of the university of Kansas; and
in 1881 was appointed commissioner of
the general land office at Washington.
1538
HERRINGSHAW9 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
McFARLAND. SAMUEL GAMBLE,
clergyman, missionary, was born Dec. 11,
1830, in Washington county, Pa. In 1849
he entered West Al
exander academy; in
1855 he entered
Washington college.
Pa.; and in 1857 he
entered the Western
and Theological sem
inary of Allegheny
City, Pa. In 1860
he was sent as
a missionary to Si-
am, under the board
of foreign missions
of the presbyterian
church; in 1879 he was principal of the
government school for boys in Bangkok;
and in 1896 he returned to the United
States, and resided in Canonsburg, Pa.,
until his death, on April 25, 1897. With
the exception of short vacations to his na
tive county, Dr. McFarland spent thirty-
five years in mission work in Siam.
McFARLAND, WILLIAM, soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Sept.
15, 1821, in Dandridge, Tenn. He was
judge of the circuit court of Tennessee;
and was elected a representative from
Tennessee to the forty-fourth congress.
McFERRAN, JOHN COURTS, soldier,
was born in 1831 in Kentucky. He served
in the civil war; and was promoted lieu
tenant-colonel in 1866, and served sub
sequently as chief quartermaster of the
•department of Washington and of the di
vision of the south. He died April 25,
1872, in Louisville, Ky.
McFERRIN, ANDERSON PURDY, cler
gyman, author, poet, was born Feb. 25,
1818, in Rutherford county, Tenn. He is
a methodist clergyman in Tennessee; and
the author of Sermons for the Times;
and Heavenly Shadows and Hymns.
McFERRIN, JOHN BERRY, clergyman,
author, was born June 15, 1807, in Ruth
erford county, Tenn. He was a metho
dist clergyman in Tennessee; and the au
thor of History of Methodism in Tennes
see. He died May 10, 1887, in Nashville,
Tenn.
McGAFFEY, ERNEST, lawyer, poet,
was born in 1861 in Ohio. He is a lawyer
of Chicago; and the author of Poems of
Gun and Rod; and Poems.
McGANN, LAWRENCE EDWARD, bus
iness man, congressman, was born Feb.
2, 1842, in Ireland. He came to the
United States, and in 1865 he .moved
to Chicago. In 1890 he was elected a rep
resentative to the fifty-second congress;
and received the re-election to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat. He was
president and general manager of the Chi
cago General Railway company until
1896; !>nd the following year was ap
pointed commissioner of public works.
McGARVEY, JOHN WILLIAM, educa
tor, clergyman, college president, author,
was born March 1, 1829, in Hopkinsville,
Ky. He received his education at the
Bethany college of W. Va.; and in 1865
was elected to the professorship of the
Kentucky university of Lexington. In
1895 he became president of the College
of the Bible, and professor of sacred his
tory. In 1879 he visited Palestine, and
is the author of Lands of the Bible; Com
mentaries on Matthew, Mark, and Acts;
Text and Canon of the New Testament;
Credibility and Inspiration of the New
Testament; and a Volume of Sermons.
McGHEE, CHARLES McCLUNG, rail
road president, state legislator, was born
Jan. 23, 1828, in Monroe county, Tenn. In
1875 he was elected to the state legisla
ture as a democrat and served for two
years, but since resolutely refused public
office. He was for many years president
of the Knox\ille and Ohio and the Mem
phis and Charleston railroads. To the city
of Knoxville he has given the Lawson
McGhee library building as a memorial to
a deceased daughter.
McGIFFERT. ARTHUR CUSHMAN, ed
ucator, clergyman, author, was born in
1861 in New York. He is a presbyterian
clergyman, professor of church history in
Union seminary; and the author of Dia
logue of Papias and Jason. He has pub
lished a translation with prolegomena and
notes of the Church History of Eusebius
Pamphilus.
McGILL, ALEXANDER TAGGART,
clergyman, educator, was born Jan. 24,
1807, in Canonsburg, Pa. He became
pastor of the Second Presbyterian church
of Carlisle; and in 1842 professor of
church history in Western Theological
seminary, Allegheny, Pa. He died Jan.
13, 1889, in Princeton, N. J.
McGILL, ALEXANDER TAGGART.
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, was born
Oct. 20, 1843, in Allegheny county, Pa.
He was elected to the New Jersey legis
lature in 1874; re-elected the following
year; and was prosecutor of the pleas of
Hudson county in 1878-83; and then pres
ident of the county courts till 1887, when
he was chosen chancellor of the state of
New Jersey.
McGILL, GEORGE McCULLOCH, physi
cian, surgeon, was born April 20, 1838, in
Hannah Furnace, Pa. In 1864 he was
made acting medical inspector of the army
of the Potomac, and served as such until
1865. At the close of the war he was bre-
vetted major. He died July 20, 1867, near
Fort Lyon, Colo.
McGILL, GEORGE WARRINGTON, in
ventor, was born March 9, 1844, in Lan
caster, Ohio. Beginning life himself as
a civil engineer, he turned his attention
to invention, and became the patentee of
useful devices before he had attained his
majority. He has received over two hun
dred letters patent from the United States
government. He is president of the McGill
Fastener company.
McGILL, JOHN, bishop, author, was
born Nov. 4, 1809, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was a Roman catholh; bishop of Rich
mond; and the author of Our Faith the
Victory; The True Church Indicated; and
Life of John Calvin, from the French. He
died Jan. 14, 1872, in Richmond, Va.
McGILLIVRAY, JAMES J., architect,
manufacturer, state senator, was born
June 16, 1848, in Canada. He moved to
Wisconsin, and since
1866 has been a resi
dent of Black River
Falls. He is a noted
architect and a suc
cessful manufactur
er. In 1890 he was
elected a member of
the Wisconsin state
assembly, and re
ceived the re-elec
tion in 1892. In 1894
he was elected to the
state senate, and has
been instrumental in introducing and
passing numerous bills for the welfare of
his state. He is also a brilliant orator,
and was instrumental in the election' of
John C. Spooner as United States senator.
McGINNIS, C. H.. lawyer, business
man. was born March 29, 1855, in Bastrop,
Texas. He received a thorough educa
tion and attended the Military academy
of his native city. He is a successful law
yer and business man of Del Rio, Texas:
was state ranger in 1873; county attorney
in 1878-79; and has filled various other
public positions of honor.
McGIRR, JOHN J., journalist, poet, was
born March 13, 1855, in Youngstown, Pa.
He is a journalist of McKeesport, Pa.;
and the author of a volume entitled The
Destruction of the World, in verse.
McGLAUFLIN, LUCY SIBLEY, educa
tor, lecturer, reformer, was born Nov. 23,
1857, in Cuba, N. Y. She received her ed
ucation at Cornell university, the Emer
son College of Oratory of Boston, and un
der private instructors. She was a suc
cessful educator of the higher branches
in the public schools; professor of art of
expression and physical culture in the
American Temperance university, and in
Miss Hanna's private school for girls in
Atlanta, Ga. She was a noted lecturer, re
former and organizer along religious and
educational lines. She was the wife of
the Rev. William H. McGlauflin. and died
Sept. 19, 1897, in Atlanta, Ga.
McGLAUFLIN, WILLIAM HENRY,
clergyman, missionary, lecturer, author,
was born Oct. 2, 1855, in Charlotte, Maine.
After receiving the rudiments of his edu
cation in the village schools he graduated
from the theological department of the St.
Lawrence university of Canton, N. Y. He
was ordained a clergyman of the univer-
salist church; and during 1882-87 served
on the state board of missions for his
church, and filled a pastorate at Friend
ship, N. Y.; from 1887-91 he filled a pas
torate in Rochester, Minn.; and since 1891
has been engaged in southern missionary
church extension work. He has founded
churches in Harriman and Knoxville,
Tenn.; and in Atlanta, Ga. He has held
official positions in the Good Templar
lodges, Sons of Veterans, Knights and La
dies of Honor, and other societies, and has
been a delegate to the highest councils of
his church. He is a successful lecturer
and the author of A Memorial of his Wife.
McGLOIN, FRANK, soldier, journalist,
lawyer, jurist, author, poet, was born
Feb. 22, 1846, in Ireland. In 1880 he was
elected a judge of the court of appeals
of New Orleans; and in 1884 was re-elect
ed to the same position. He is the author
of A Romance of the East; and a poem
entitled Conquest of Europe.
McGLYNN, EDWARD, clergyman, was
born Sept. 27, 1837, in New York city.
For many years he has been pastor of St.
Stephen's church in New York city; and
was subsequently excommunicated. In
1887 he was one of the founders of the
Anti-Poverty society, of which he be
came president.
McGONEGAL, JAMES, contractor, state
legislator, capitalist, was born about 1822
near Londonderry, Ireland. He was edu
cated in private
schools in Scotland.
Early in life he set
tled in Detroit; was
an alderman during
1863-67; and was a
representative in the
Michigan state legis
lature from that city
during 1871-72. In
1874 he engaged in
the contracting busi
ness; and since 1882
has resided in Kan
sas City, Mo., where he has been actively
identified with the business interests of
that city.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
639
McGOVERN, PATRICK K., catholic
priest, was born Sept. 12, 1826, in New
York city. In 1848 he graduated from
St. John's college of
Fordham, N. Y. In
September of the
same year he entered
St. Joseph's Theolog
ical seminary of
Fordham, N. Y. ; and
in 1853 was ordained
a priest. Shortly aft
erward he became
assistant pastor of
Sts. Peter and Paul's
churches of Brook
lyn, N. Y. Later on
he was placed in charge of St. Mary's
church of Croton-on-the-Hudson. where
he now is and has been during the past
twenty years. His benevolence and love
of truth and justice haveendeared him not
only to the catholics, but to the people of
every denomination. In 1891 the degree of
doctor of philosophy was conferred upon
him by St. John's college of Fordham
N. Y.
McGOWAN, JAMES H., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 2, 1837, in
Mahoning county, Ohio. He was prose
cuting attorney of Michigan from 1868 to
1872; and served one term in the state
senate. He was for seven years a regent
of the university of Michigan, resigning
to take his seat as a representative from
Michigan in the forty-fifth congress. He
was re-elected to the forty-sixth congress
as a republican.
McGRATH, A. G., lawyer, jurist, was
born in South Carolina. While residing
in Charleston he was appointed judge of
the United States court for the district of
South Carolina.
McGRAW, JENNIE, philanthropist. She
was the daughter of John McGraw, mer
chant. At her death she bequeathed to
Cornell university a library fund of near
ly $1,000,000.
McGRAW, JOHN, merchant, philanthro
pist, was born May 22, 1815, in Dryden,
N. Y. He was one of the original trus
tees of Cornell university, and erected
at his own expense at a cost of $150,000
the McGraw building, for the accommo
dation of the library and museum of the
university. He died May 4, 1877, in Ith
aca, N. Y.
MCGREGOR, ALEXANDER, clergyman,
missionary. For many years he was sec
retary of the Rhode Island Home Mission
ary society; and is now pastor of the Paw-
tucket Congregational church of Paw-
tucket, R. I.
MCGREGOR, RICHARD s., clergyman.
lecturer, was born Nov. 5, 1857, in Can
ada. He graduated from the Adrian col
lege of Michigan, and since 1879 has been
a clergyman in the methodist episcopal
church. He is a brilliant lecturer, and
now the popular pastor of one of the larg
est churches in Michigan at Petoskey.
McGREW. JAMES C., merchant, ban
ker, state legislator, congressman, was
born Sept. 13, 1813, in Preston county, W.
Va. In 1863-65 he was a member of the
legislature of West Virginia, having as
sisted in organizing the new state. In
1868 he was elected a representative from
that state to the forty-first congress; and
was re-elected to the forty-secotod con
gress.
McGREW, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
was born Feb. 17, 1817, in Shelbyville, Ky.
He received a liberal education at the
country schools, and at the Augusta col
lege, Ky. For many years he practiced
law in Sacramento, Cal.: and for two
years was city recorder of that city. He
subsequently practiced his profession in
Phoenix, Ariz.
McGROARTY, STEPHEN JOSEPH,
soldier, lawyer, was born in 1830 in Ire
land. When the civil war began he raised
a company of Irish-Americans for three
months, with which he re-enlisted for
three years, and was brevetted brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1865. He died Jan.
2, 1870, in College Hill. Ohio.
McGUFFBY, WILLIAM HOLMES, cler
gyman, educator, college president, was
born Sept. 23, 1800, in Washington coun
ty. Pa. He became president of Cin
cinnati college in 1836, and in 1839 of
Ohio university. From 1845 till his death
he occupied the chair of moral philosophy
and political economy in the university
of Virginia. He died May 4, 1873, in
Charlottesville, Va.
McGUINN, ROBERT ALEXANDER,
clergyman, poet, was born July 5, 1859, in
Sabbot Hill, Va. He graduated from the
Wayland college of Washington, D. C.;
and from the Newton Theological insti
tute, Mass. He has filled pastorates in
Maryland, California and New Jersey;
and has been president of the Choctaw
institute of Oklahoma territory. He has
contributed both prose and verse to cur
rent publications, and is the author of a
volume of poems.
McGUIRE, CHARLES LINCOLN, edu
cator, poet, was born June 14, 1867, in
Sweet Springs, Mo. He received a thorough
education, and has attained success in ed
ucational work. He has been principal
of several large schools in Nebraska and
Michigan. He is the author of a number
of very fine poems; and contributes to
current literature on various subjects.
McGUIRE, FRANK AUGUSTINE, phy
sician, author, was born July 1, 1851, in
New York city. He began the practice of
medicine in the city of New York; and is
the author of many works on scientific
subjects.
McGUIRE, HUNTER HOLMES, physi
cian, educator, was born Oct. 11, 1835, in
Winchester, Va. In 1865 he was elected
professor of surgery in Virginia Medi
cal college, Richmond, which chair he
held till 1880. In 1885 he was made pro
fessor emeritus in that institution.
McGUIRE, WILLIAM, chief justice of
United States. He was an early emigrant
to the territory of Mississippi; and in 1798
was appointed chief justice of the United
States court for that district.
McHATTON, ROBERT, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Kentucky, from 1826 to 1829.
McHENRY, ELLEN J., author, poet,
was born Nov. 22, 1827, in Chardon, Ohio.
She is the author of an epic poem en-
^_~ titled Legend of the
Wandering Jew,
which was written
twenty years ago.
and many of the
prophecies there pre
dicted are now in
course of rapid ful
filment. Her poems
have appeared exten
sively in current lit
erature and in sev
eral standard works.
She is also the au
thor of a prose work entitled Our Boys.
In 1847 she married John McHenry. cir
cuit judge of the first district court of New
Orleans, La. They subsequently moved
to California, and reside in the city of
Berkeley.
McHENRY, HENRY D., state senator,
congressman, was born Feb. 27, 1826, in
Hartford, Ky. He received a thorough
education; and in
1845 graduated from
the Transylvania
school. He was a
member of the Ken-
I tucky state legisla
ture in 1851-52, and a
member of the state
senate in 1861-64. He
was again a member
of the Kentucky state
legislature in 1865-66.
He was elected a
member of the forty-
second congress as a democrat; and served
on the committee on the Pacific railroad.
McHENRY, JAMES, soldier, congress
man, was born about 1755. He was a dele
gate from Maryland to the continental
congress from 1783 to 1786; was a mem
ber of the convention that framed the fed
eral constitution, and signed that instru
ment. He was secretary of war from
1796 to 1801. He died May 3, 1816, in Bal
timore, Md.
McHENRY, JOHN H., congressman, was
born in Kentucky. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1847.
McILHENNEY, CHARLES MORGAN,
artist, was born April 4, 1858, in Phila
delphia. Among his pictures are Good
Bye; A Gray Summer Noon; The Shadow
of Twilight Falls Silent and Gray; The
Old, Old Story; and The Passing Storm.
McILVAINE, ABRAHAM R., farmer,
congressman, was born Aug. 14, 1804, in
Crum Creek, Del. He was a represen
tative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1843 to 1849. He died in August,
1863, in Chester county, Pa.
McILVAINE, CHARLES PETITT, bish
op, author, was born Jan. 18, 1799, in
Burlington, N. J. He was the second
protestant episcopal
bishop of Ohio, and
long a prominent
figure among low
churchmen. He was
the author of Evi
dences of Christian
ity; Oxford Divinity;
The Holy Catholic
Church; and The
Truth and the Life,
which include his
chief works. He was
the second president
of Kenyon college, serving as such dur
ing 1833-40; and was the second protestant
episcopal bishop of Ohio. He died March
13, 1873, in Florence, Italy.
McILVAINE, JOSEPH, Soldier, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, was born in
1768 in Bristol, Pa. He was a jurist; and
was a senator in congress from New Jer
sey from 1823 to 1826. He died Aug. 19,
1826, in Burlington, N. J.
McILVAINE, JOSHUA HALL, educator,
clergyman, college president, author, was
born March 4, 1815, in Lewis, Del. He
was a presbyterian clergyman of note in
the middle states who founded Evelyn
college at Princeton, N. J.. in 1887. He
was professor of belles-lettres at Prince
ton college in 1860-70, and president of
Evelyn college at the time of his death.
He was the author of The Tree of the
Knowledge of Good and Evil; Elocution,
the Sources and Elements of its Power;
The Wisdom of Holy Scripture; The Wis
dom of the Apocalypse: and Pastoral Di
rections to Inquiring Souls. He died in
1897.
640
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
McILWAINE, RICHARD, clergyman,
college president, was born May 20, 1834,
in Petersburg, Va. He was secretary of
home missions in 1882-83; and since 1883
has been president of Hampden Sidney
college, Va.
McINDOE, WALTER D., merchant,
state legislator, congressman, was born
March 30, 1819, in Scotland. He served
in the Wisconsin legislature in 1850, 1854,
and 1855; and was a presidential elector
in 1856 and 1860. He was elected a rep
resentative from Wisconsin to the thirty-
seventh congress; and was re-elected to
the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth con
gresses.
McINNIS, JAMES, educator. After
completing his education he began educa
tional work; and is now a noted educa
tor of Ohio at Defiance. He has contrib
uted extensively to current literature on
educational topics.
McINTIRE, ALBERT WASHINGTON,
lawyer, jurist, governor, was born Jan. 15,
1853, in Pittsburg, Pa. In 1891 he was
appointed judge of the twelfth judicial
district of Colorado; and in 1895 was
elected governor of Colorado, which po
sition he still holds.
McINTIRE, JAMES J., educator, cler
gyman, was born Sept. 22, 1827, in Frank
lin, N. Y. In 1853 he graduated from
the university of Rochester; since which
time he has held pastorates for forty-
four years, and at the same time taught
school for twenty-seven years. For sev
eral years he was principal of the Water
loo institute and the Marshall academy,
Wis. During the civil war he served as
chaplain of the forty-ninth regiment Wis
consin volunteer infantry. Soon after the
war he located in Dakota; has been su
perintendent of public instruction for
four years; and is still actively engaged in
pioneer work at Spencer, S. D.
McINTIRE, WILLIAM WATSON, law
yer, congressman, was born June 29, 1850,
in Franklin county, Pa. He became gen
eral agent of the
United States Life In
surance company for
the state of Mary
land and the District
of Columbia. In 1887
he was elected as a
republican to the city
council of Baltimore
city, and was re-
elected in 1888. In
the campaign of
1895 he was treasur
er of the Maryland
republican state and city committees, and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a republican.
McINTOSH, JAMES McKAY, naval of
ficer, was born in 1792 in Mclntosh coun
ty, Ga. He entered the United States
navy in 1811; became lieutenant in 1818,
commander in 1838, captain in 1849, and
flag-officer in 1857. He died Sept. 1,
1860, in Warrington, Fla.
McINTOSH, JAMES McQUEEN, soldier,
was born in 1828 in Tampa Bay, Fla.
He became captain of the first United
States cavalry in 1857; and resigning from
the army in 1860, was commissioned brig
adier-general in the confederate army. He
was killed in battle Nov. 7, 1862, near
Pea Ridge, Ark.
McINTOSH, JAMES SIMMONS, soldier,
was born June 19, 1787, in Liberty county,
Ga. He entered the United States army
as lieutenant in 1812; was commissioned
captain in 1817; major in 1836; and lieu
tenant-colonel in 1839. He died Sept. 26,
1847, in Mexico city.
McINTOSH, JOHN BAILLIE, soldier,
was born June 6, 1829, in Tampa Bay, Fla.
In 1865 he was commissioned major-gen
eral for meritorious service during the
war. He was commissioned lieutenant-
colonel of the forty-second infantry in
1866. He died June 29, 1888, in New
Brunswick, N. J.
McINTOSH, LACHLAN, soldier, was
born March 17, 1725, in Scotland. He
was a son of John Mclntosh, who, with
one hundred high-
landers emigrated to
Georgia in 1736, and
settled in Darien, Ga.
He adopted the pro
fession of land sur
veying in Georgia;
and on the outbreak
of the revolution was
made a brigadier-
general. He had the
confidence of Gen.
Washington; and de
fended the frontier of
Pennsylvania and Virginia against the
Indians. He died Feb. 20, 1806, in Sa
vannah, Ga.
McINTOSH, MARIA JANE, author, was
born in 1803 in Sunbury, Ga. She was a
New York writer whose novels and tales
of domestic life enjoyed a long popularity.
Her writings include, Praise and Princi
ple; Conquest and Self-Conquest; Violet;
Two Lives, or To Seem and To Be;
Charms and Counter-Charms; The Lofty
and the Lowly; Meta Gray; Two Pictures;
Evenings at Donaldson Manor; Aunt Kit
ty's Tales; Woman in America, her Work
and her Reward; and The Cousins, a ju
venile tale. She died Feb. 25, 1878, in
Morristown, N. J.
McINTOSH, WILLIAM, journalist, po
et, was born April 23, 1852, in New York
city. For five years he was on the edi
torial staffs of the New York Express and
New York Star; and since 1880 has been
managing editor of the Buffalo Evening
News. He is the author of a number of
rare poems.
McINTYRE, ARCHIBALD THOMPSON,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Oct. 27, 1822, in Twiggs county, Ga.
He was a member of the Florida state leg
islature in 1849; a member of the state
constitutional convention of Georgia in
1865; and was elected to the forty-second
congress.
McINTYRE. RUFUS, soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Dec. 19, 1784, in York, Maine. He was a
representative in the Maine legislature
at its first session; and was then appoint
ed county attorney, which office he held
until elected to congress as a representa
tive from Maine, serving from 1827 to
1835. In 1826 he was a commissioner for
settling the boundary line of his state;
in 1836 was a member of the legislature;
and was appointed land agent for two
years in 1839. He was subsequently
United States marshal for Maine, and sur
veyor of the port of Portland four years.
He died April 28, 1866, in Partonsfield,
Maine.
McJUNKIN, EBENEZER, lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 28, 1819, in
Butler .county, Pa. He was elected to
the forty-second and forty-third con
gresses from Pennsylvania; and resigned
in 1874.
McKAIG, WILLIAM McMAHON, mer
chant, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born July 29, 1845, in Cumber
land, Md. He was appointed city attor
ney of Cumberland, Md., in 1876; and was
elected in 1877 from Allegany county to
the lower branch of the Maryland legis
lature. He was elected state senator from
Allegany county in 1887; and in 1890 was
elected mayor of Cumberland. He was
elected to the fifty-second and re-elected
to the fifty-third congress as a demo
crat.
McKAY, JAMES J., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 179S
in Bladen county, N. C. He served from
1815 to 1831 in the North Carolina state
senate; was at one time United States
district attorney; and was a representa
tive in congress from 1831 to 1849. He
died Sept. 14, 1853, in Goldsborough. N. C.
McKAY, JAMES T., poet, was born in
1843, in New York. He is a noted poet of
Huntington, N. Y., and the author of
a volume of poems.
McKAY, WILLIAM J., soldier, clergy
man, was born May 29, 1847, near Bel
fast, Ireland. Since 1870 he has been a
clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church; has been presiding elder of the
Eau Claire district; and is now presid
ing elder of the Madison district. In 1884,
1888 and in 1896 he was a delegate to
the general conference.
McKEAN, JAMES BEDELL, soldier,
educator, lawyer, jurist, congressman, was
born Aug. 5, 1821, in Hoosic, N. Y. In
1854 he was elected county judge for Sara
toga county, N. Y., for four years. In
1858 he was elected a representative from
New York to the thirty-sixth congress;
and was re-elected to the thirty-seventh
congress. After leaving congress he was
appointed chief justice of Utah.
McKEAN, JOSEPH BORDEN, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 28, 1764, in Penn
sylvania, rie was appointed attorney gen
eral of Pennsylvania by his father in
1800; and served through the latter's term
as governor. He was subsequently com
missioned associate judge of the district
of Pennsyhania, and at his death was
president judge of the court. He died Sept.
3, 1826, in Philadelphia.
McKEAN, SAMUEL, congressman.
United States senator, was born in 1790
in Huntingdon county, Pa. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1823 to 1829; and a senator of the
United States from 1833 to 1839. He died
June 23, 1840, in McKean county, Pa.
McKEAN, THOMAS, signer of the dec
laration of independence, was born March
19, 1734, in New London, Pa. In 1762 he was
elected to the Dela
ware assembly, and
continued in that
station for eleven
years. He was a dele
gate to the New York
congress in 1765;
and while holding
the office of chief jus
tice in Pennsylvania
was elected a dele
gate from Delaware
to the continental
congress from 1774
to 1776, and from 1778 to 1783. He was a
signer of the declaration of independence,
and of the articles of confederation. He
was judge of the court of common pleas
In Delaware. He was governor of Penn
sylvania from 1799 to 1808. He died
June 24, 1817, in Philadelphia, Pa.
McKEAN, THOMAS JEFFERSON, civ
il engineer, soldier, was born Aug. 21,
1810, in Burlington, Pa. He became pay
master in the United States army in 1861.
He died April 19, 1870, in Marion, Iowa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
641
McKEAN, WILLIAM WISTER, naval
officer, was born Sept. 19, 1800, in Hunt
ingdon county, Pa. He entered the navy
as a midshipman in 1814, and became lieu
tenant in 1825; commander in 1841, and
captain in 1855. He was retired in 1861
and became commodore on the retired
list in 1862. He died April 22, 1865, near
Binghamton, N. Y.
McKEE, EDWIN R., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Aug. 31, 1844, in Knox
county, III. He is a successful lawyer
of Memphis, Mo.; has been prosecuting
attorney; and in 1896 was elected judge.
McKEE, GEORGE COLIN, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Oct. 2, 1836,
In Joliet, 111. He was elected attorney
of Centralia, 111., and practiced law. He
was ordered as brigadier-general to en
roll and equip four regiments of militia.
He was a member of the constitutional
convention of Mississippi. He was elect
ed to the fortieth congress, but the state
was refused admission; and was re-elect
ed to the forty-first, forty-second and forty-
third congresses from Mississippi. He
died Nov. 17, 1890, in Jackson, Miss.
McKEE, JOHN, public official, con
gressman, was born in Rockbridge coun
ty, Va. He was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1823 to 1829.
McKEE, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1809 to 1817.
McKEE, SAMUEL, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 4, 1833, in Mont
gomery county, Ky. In 1865 he was elected
a representative from Kentucky to the
thirty-ninth congress; and was re-elected
to the fortieth congress as a republican. He
was also a delegate to the Philadelphia
loyalists' convention in 1866. For three
years he was United States pension agent
at Louisville, Ky.
McKEEN, JOSEPH, clergyman, college
president, was born Oct. 15, 1757, in Lon
donderry, N. H. He was a successful
clergyman of New England, and became
president of Bowdoin college. He died
July 15, 1807, in Brunswick, Maine.
McKEEN, JOSEPH JOHN, business
man, public official, was born in 1789 in
Beverly, Mass. For many years he
served as town clerk of Brunswick,
Maine, and was secretary of the board of
overseers of Bowdoin college. He was
postmaster of Brunswick, and served as
county commissioner. He was a noted
antiquarian; took great interest in the
Maine Historical society; and made valu
able contributions to its published vol
umes. He died in 1861.
McKEEVER, CHAUNCEY, soldier, was
born about 1828 in Maryland. In 1875 he
was commissioned lieutenant-colonel and
assistant adjutant-general for faithful and
meritorious services during the civil war.
McKEEVER, 'HARRIET BURN, author,
was born Aug. 28, 1807, in Philadelphia,
Pa. She was a Philadelphia writer of
Sunday-school fiction, among whose
works are, Nothing but Leaves; Edith's
Ministry; The Old Chateau; and Crown
Jewels. She died Feb. 7, 1886, in Chester
Pa.
McKEEVER, ISAAC, naval officer, was
born in April, 1793, in Pennsylvania. He
entered the United States navy as mid
shipman in 1809; and was made lieu
tenant in 1814. He died April 1, 1856, in
Norfolk, Va.
McKEIGHAN, WILLIAM ARTHUR,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born Jan:
19, 1842, in Cumberland county, N. J. He
moved to Nebraska in 1880, and settled on
a farm near Red Cloud. He was elected
41
county judge of Webster county in 1885.
He was elected to the fifty-second, and re-
elected to the fifty-third congress as an
independent.
McKELWAY, ST. CLAIR, journalist,
was born March 15, 1845, in Columbia,
Mo. In 1878 he accepted the chief editor
ship of the Albany Argus; and in 1885
was called to the same position on the
Brooklyn Daily Eagle. In 1883 he ac
cepted the position of regent of the state
university of New York.
McKENDREE, WILLIAM, methodist
episcopal bishop, was born July 6, 1757, in
King William county, Va. His father was
a planter, and the
• son was trained for
i the same calling. In
1810 the family re
moved to Sumner
county, Tenn. At the
beginning of the rev
olution, William,
then twenty years of
age, joined a com
pany of volunteers;
was for some time
an adjutant in the
service. He was a
leader in the methodist episcopal church,
and became one of its most popular bish
ops. He died March 5, 1835, in Sumner
county, Tenn.
McKENNA, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 10, 1843, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was district attorney
of Solano county, Cal., for two terms, '
commencing in 1866. He was a represen
tative in the California legislature in 1875
and 1876. In 1884 he was elected a repre
sentative from California to the forty-
ninth congress; and was re-elected to the
fiftieth, fifty-first, and fifty-second con
gresses. In 1893 he was appointed United
States circuit judge; and in 1897 became
attorney-general of the United States.
McKENNA, MAURICE M., lawyer, poet,
was born May 31, 1846, in Springfield,
Mass. During the civil war he served as
a member of com
pany I, thirty-ninth
regiment Wisconsin
volunteer infantry.
As a lawyer he has
gained a good repu
tation as one of the
foremost practition
ers in his state;
practices in the state
and federal courts;
and has had profes
sional engagements
in Iowa, Kansas, Illi
nois, Michigan, and Minnesota. For six
years he was clerk of the courts of record
in Fond du Lac county; and served six
terms as supervisor of the first ward of
the city of Fond du Lac. He has held
numerous positions of honor, and has al
ways taken an active part in the public
affairs of his city, county and state. He
is the author of a volume entitled Elva
Lee, and Other Poems; and a second vol
ume which was published in 1890 entitled
Poems, Rhymes, and Verses. His pro
ductions were given a place in Poets of
America, and have appeared in other
standard works.
McKENNAN, THOMAS McKEAN
THOMPSON, lawyer, congressman, was
born March 31, 1794, in New Castle coun
ty, Pa. He was secretary of the interior
department under President Fillmore for
a brief period; and was a representative
in congress from Pennsylvania from 1831
to 1839, and from 1841 to 1843. He died
July 9, 1852, in Reading, Pa.
McKENNAN, WILLIAM, lawyer jurist
was born Sept. 27, 1816, in Washington!
Pa. He was the son of Thomas M. T
McKennan. In 1869 he was appointed cir
cuit judge of the United States for the
third circuit. His only other public posi
tion was that of commissioner from Penn
sylvania to the peace conference of 1861.
McKENNEY, THOMAS LORRAINE,
merchant, author, was born March 21,
1785, in Hopewell, Md. In 1826 he was a
special commissioner with Lewis Cass to
negotiate an important treaty with the
Chippewa Indians at Fond du Lac, in the
territory of Michigan. In 1827 he published
a Tour to the Lakes, with illustrations,
and also originated and published, in
connection with James Hall, a History of
the Indian Tribes. He also published, in
1846, two volumes entitled Memoirs. Of
ficial and Personal, with Sketches of Trav
el among the Northern and Southern In
dians. He was at one time a colonel in
the militia. He died Feb. 19, 1859, in New
York city.
McKENNEY, WILLIAM ROBERTSON,
was born Dec. 2, 1851, in Petersburg, Va.
He has practiced law since 1886 in Chat
ham, Va. He was elected to the fifty-
third and re-elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a democrat.
McKENTY, JACOB K., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1827, in Douglass-
\ille, Pa. In 1856 he was elected district
attorney for Berks county; and was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the thirty-sixth congress to fill
a vacancy. He died Jan. 3, 1866, in Doug-
lassville, Pa.
McKENZIE, ALEXANDER, clergyman,
author, was born Dec. 14, 1830, in New
Bedford, Mass. He is a congregational
clergyman of Cambridge; and the author
of Cambridge Sermons; History of the
First Church in Cambridge; Some Things
Abroad; and The Two Boys.
McKENZIE, JAMES A., lawyer, farm
er, congressman, was born Aug. 1, 1840,
in Christian county, Ky. He was a rep
resentative in the Kentucky state legisla
ture from 1867 to 1871; and was a presi
dential elector in 1872. He was elected a
representative from Kentucky to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, and forty-seventh con
gresses as a democrat.
McKENZIE, LEWIS, banker, railroad
president, congressman, was born in 1810,
in Alexandria, Va. He served three terms
in the Virginia state legislature; and was
mayor of Alexandria during the first year
of the war of the rebellion. He was pres
ident of the Alexandria, London, and
Hampshire railroad, and of the First Na
tional bank of Alexandria. He was
elected to the forty-first congress.
McKENZIE, WILLIAM P., clergyman,
poet, was born in 1861, in Canada. He is
a successful clergyman of East Haven, N.
Y.; and the author of two volumes of
poems entitled A Song of Trust; and
Voices and Undertones.
McKEON, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born in 1808, in Albany, N. Y. He
was a representative in the New York
legislature in 1832-34. He was elected a
representative from New York to the
twenty-fourth congress; and was again
elected a representative to the twenty-
seventh congress. In 1846 he became dis
trict attorney, and served two terms. In
1853 he was appointed United States dis
trict attorney for the southern district of
New York, and was reappointed in 1857;
and in 1881 was again elected district at
torney in New York city. He died Nov.
22, 1883, in New York city.
642
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
McKIBBIN, JOSEPH C., congressman,
•was born in Pennsylvania. Having taken
up his residence in California he was
elected a representative from that state to
the thirty-fifth congress.
McKIM, ALEXANDER, congressman,
was born in 1748. He was a member of
congress from Maryland from 1809 to 1815.
He died Jan. 18, 1832, in Baltimore, Md.
McKIM, CHARLES FOLLEN, architect,
was born Aug. 24, 1847, in Chester county,
Pa. Among his best productions in coun
try work are the cottages erected in New
port, Lenox, and other summer resorts.
Among his city residences are the Tiffany
house, and the Villard block of houses
on Madison avenue, New York.
McKIM, ISAAC, merchant, congress
man. He was a member of congress from
Maryland from 1823 to 1825, and again
from 1835 to 1838. He died April 1, 1838,
in Washington, D. C.
McKIM, JAMES MILLER, clergyman,
reformer, was born Nov. 14, 1810, in Car
lisle, Pa. He was an active abolitionist;
a member of the convention that formed
the American Anti-Slavery society; and
in 1836 left the pulpit to accept a lectur
ing tour under its auspices. He died June
13, 1874, in West Orange, N. J.
McKIM, RANDOLPH HARRISON, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1842, in Mary
land. He is an episcopal clergyman; rec
tor of the church of the Epiphany at
Washington; and the author of Nature
of the Christian Ministry; Vindication of
Protestant Principles; Future Punish
ment; Bread in the Desert, and Other
Sermons; Christ and Modern Unbelief;
and Christianity and Buddhism.
McKINLEY, JOHN, governor, was born
Feb. 24, 1724. In 1777 he was elected the
first go\ernor of Delaware. He died Aug.
31, 1796, in Wilmington, Del.
McKINLEY, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born May 1, 1780, in Cul-
peper county, Va. He moved to Ken
tucky, thence to Alabama; and was a sen
ator in congress from Alabama from 1826
to 1837. In 1837 he was appointed a jus
tice of the supreme court of the United
States. He died July 19, 1852, in Louis
ville, Ky.
McKINLEY, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1810 to 1811.
McKINLEY, WILLIAM, clergyman, was
born March 24, 1834, in Scotland. In 1891
he was appointed chaplain of the St. Paul
district, Minnesota, which office he now
holds.
McKINLEY, WILLIAM, the twenty-
fifth president of the United States, was
born Jan. 29, 1843, in Niles, Ohio. He was
educated in the pub
lic schools, Poland
academy, and Alle
gheny college. Be
fore attaining his ma
jority he taught in the
public schools; en
listed as a private in
the twenty - third
Ohio volunteer in
fantry June 11, 1861;
promoted to commis
sary-sergeant April
15, 1862, to second
lieutenant Sept. 23, 1862, to first lieuten
ant Feb. 7, 1863, to captain July 25, 1864;
served successively on the staffs of Gen
erals R. B. Hayes, George Crook, and Win-
field S. Hancock, and was brevetted major
in the United States volunteers by Presi
dent Lincoln for gallantry in battle March
13, 1865. He was detailed as acting assis
tant adjutant-general of the first division,
first army corps, on the staff of General
S. S. Carroll; and was mustered out of
the service July 26, 1865. Returning to
civil life, he studied law in Mahoning
county; took a course at the Albany (N.
Y.) Law school, and in 1867 was admitted
to the bar and settled at Canton, Ohio,
which has since been his home. In 1869
he was elected prosecuting attorney of
Stark county, and served a term in that
office. In 1876 he was elected a member
of the national house of representatives,
and for fourteen years represented the
congressional district of which his county
was a part. As chairman of the ways and
means committee he reported the tariff
law of 1890, but in November following
was defeated for congress in a gerryman
dered district, although reducing the usu
al adverse majority from 3,000 to 300. In
1891 he was elected governor of Ohio by
a plurality of 21,511, and in 1893 was re-
elected by a plurality of 80,995; and in
1884 was a delegate at large to the repub
lican national convention and supported
James G. Elaine for president. He was a
member of the committee on resolutions
and read the platform to the convention.
In 1888 he was also a delegate at large
from Ohio, supporting John Sherman, and
as chairman of the committee on resolu
tions again reported the platform; and in
1892 was again a delegate at large from
Ohio, and supported the renomination of
Benjamin Harrison, and served as chair
man of the convention. At that conven
tion 182 votes were cast for him for presi
dent, although he had persistently refused
to have his name considered. On June
18, 1896, he was nominated for president
at St. Louis, receiving 661 out of a total of
905 votes. He was elected president at
the ensuing November election by a popu
lar plurality of 600,000 votes, and received
271 electoral votes as against 176 for Wil
liam J. Bryan of Nebraska.
McKINNEY, ARTHUR L., clergyman,
jurist, was born Sept. 16, 1819, in Clarke
county, Ohio. For a quarter of a century
he was engaged in the ministry; has held
a professorship in the Antioch college;
and for three years during the civil war
was chaplain of the seventy-first Ohio
volunteer infantry. For four years he was
treasurer of Miami county, Ohio; was
probate judge of that county; and for six
years was mayor of Troy, Ohio. He is
the author of The Life and Times of Rev.
Isaac N. Walter; Positive Theology; and
numerous papers on Christian Theology,
Politics and Science.
McKINNEY, JOHN F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 12, 1827, in
Piqua, Ohio. In 1862 he was elected a rep
resentative from Ohio to the thirty-eighth
congress; and was again elected to the
forty-second congress as a democrat.
McKINNEY, LUTHER FRANKLIN,
soldier, educator, clergyman, congress
man, was born April 25, 1841, near New
ark, Ohio. He moved to New Hampshire
in 1873; was elected to the fiftieth con
gress in 1886; and was elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat.
McKINNEY, MORDECAI, lawyer, ju
rist, author, was born about 1796, in Car
lisle, Pa. He was a jurist of Harrisburg;
and the author of Pennsylvania Justice
of the Peace; United States Constitution
al Manual; Our Government; The Amer
ican Magistrate and Civil Officer; Penn
sylvania Tax Laws; and Digest of Penn
sylvania Banking Laws. He died Dec. 19,
1867, in Harrisburg, Pa.
McKINNEY, MYRTLE, educator, poet,
was born Jan. 21, 1868, in Greencastle,
Iowa. She has attained success in educa
tional work; and has contributed both
prose and verse to leading newspapers
and magazines.
McKINNEY, PHILIP WATKINS, law
yer, congressman, governor, was born
May 1, 1832, in Buckingham county, Va.
In 1872 he was a member of congress from
Virginia; and in 1889 was elected gov
ernor.
McKINSTRY, JAMES PATERSON,
naval officer, was born Feb. 9, 1807, in
Spencertown, N. Y. He entered the navy
as midshipman in 1826, and became lieu
tenant in 1837. In 1855 he was appointed
commander; and in 1866 was appointed
commodore. He died Feb. 11, 1873, in De
troit, Mich.
McKINSTRY, JUSTUS, soldier, was
born about 1821, in New York. He served
with distinction in the Mexican and civil
wars; and attained the rank of brigadier-
general.
McKINSTRY, LEVI C., soldier, clergy
man, poet, was born Dec. 17, 1834, in West
Newbury, Mass. He served a year in the
civil war; is a dis
tinguished clergy
man of Melrose High
lands, Mass.; and the
author of several
books, hymns and
poems. He is a con
stant contributor to
the religious press;
and his poems have
been given a place
in Poets of America,
and various other
standard collections.
Several of his poems have also been set
to music.
McKISSOCK, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1798, in Ulster
county, N. Y. He was a judge of the su
preme court of New York; and was a rep
resentative in congress from 1849 to 1851.
McKISSON, ROBERT ERASTUS, law
yer, was born Jan. 30, 1863, in Northfield,
Ohio. He has been a member of the city
council of Cleveland, Ohio; was elected
mayor of that city in 1895 for two years;
and received the re-election to a second
term in 1897.
MCKNIGHT, GEORGE, physician, poet,
was born March 14, 1840, in Sterling, N. Y.
Since 1864 he has practiced medicine in
Sterling, N. Y. He is the author of Firm
Ground, a collection of religious sonnets,
revised and reissued with the title Life
and Faith.
MCKNIGHT, HARVEY WASHINGTON,
educator, college president, was born
April 3, 1843, in McKnightstown, Pa., the
son of Thomas Mc-
••••^^••••1 Knight, a farmer and
/**\ . merchant, and the
founder of M c -
Knightstown. In 1862
he enlisted in com
pany B, one hundred
and thirty-eighth
regiment Pennsyl
vania volunteer in
fantry, and was pro
moted to second lieu
tenant. In 1865 he
graduated from the
Pennsylvania college, and two years later
from the Theological seminary of Gettys
burg. He has filled pastorates in New-
ville and Easton, Pa., and in Cincinnati,
Ohio. In 1884 he was chosen president
of the Pennsylvania college, which office
he has since filled. He was president of
the general synod of the evangelical Lu
theran church of the United States during
1889-91; and has published various ser
mons and papers on educational and re
ligious subjects.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
643
McKNIGHT, ROBERT, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1820, in Pittsburg,
Pa. From 1847 to 1849 he was a member
of the city council of Pittsburg, and the
last two years president of that body. He
was elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the thirty-sixth congress; and
was re-elected to the thirty-seventh con
gress.
McLACHLAN, JAMES, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in August, 1815, in
Scotland. During 1881-88 he practiced
law in Ithaca, N. Y. He then removed to
Pasadena, Cal., and there continued the
practice of his profession. In 1877 he was
elected on the republican ticket to the
office of school commissioner of Tomp-
kins county, N. Y., and in 1890 was elected
district attorney of Los Angeles county,
Cai. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a republican.
McLANAHAN, JAMES XAVIER, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born in 1809, in Greencastle, Pa. In 1841
he served in the Pennsylvania legisla
ture; and was afterward elected to con
gress as a democrat, holding his seat from
1849 till 1853. He died Dec. 16, 1861, in
New York city.
McLANDBURGH, FLORENCE, author,
was born April 22, 1850, in Chillicothe,
Ohio. Several brilliant short stories that
she contributed to periodicals ga\e her a
reputation, and she afterward published
a collection of them in book-form, under
the title of The Automaton Ear.
McLANE, JEREMIAH, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1767. He was for
twenty-one years secretary of state of
Ohio; and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1833 to 1837.
He died March 19, 1837, in Washington,
D. C.
McLANE, JOHN, legislator, was born
Feb. 27, 1852, in Lennoxtown, Scotland.
He served with distinction as a member of
the New Hampshire state senate in 1891
and in 1893; and was made president of
those sessions. He lives at Milford, N. H.;
and his portrait hangs in the new library
building of the state capitol.
McLANE, LOUIS, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
May 28,1786, in Smyrna, Del. He was a rep
resentative in con
gress from Delaware
from 1817 to 1827; and
a senator in congress
from 1827 to 1829. In
1829 he was appoint
ed minister to Eng
land; and in 1831 re
ceived the appoint
ment of secretary of
the treasury. In 1833
he was secretary of
state. In 1837 he was
chosen president of
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad com
pany, and, removing to Maryland, dis
charged the duties of that office until
1847. He died Oct. 7, 1857, in Baltimore,
Md.
McLANE, ROBERT MILLIGAN, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, congressman, gov
ernor, was born June 23, 1815, in Wil
mington, Del. In 1845 and 1846 he was
•elected to the Maryland legislature. From
1847 to 1851 he was a representative in
congress from Maryland. In 1852 he was
a presidential elector; and in 1853 was ap
pointed minister to China. In 1859 he
was appointed minister to Mexico. In
1876 he was elected a state senator. He
was again a representative from Mary
land in the forty-sixth and forty-seventh
congresses; declined a renomination;
and in 1883 was elected governor of Mary
land. In 1885 he was appointed United
States minister to France.
McLAREN, DONALD CAMPBELL, cler
gyman, was born Oct. 3, 1794, in New
York city. He was moderator of the gen
eral assembly of the associate reformed
church at the meeting in Pittsburg, when
by union with the associate church the
united presbyterian church was formed.
He died May 7, 1882, in Geneva, N. Y.
MCLAREN, ROBERT NEIL, soldier,
state senator, was born April 9, 1828, in
Geneva, N. Y. In 1859-61 he was a mem
ber of the Minnesota senate. He served in
the civil war, was brevetted brigadier-
general of volunteers. After the war he
became collector of internal revenue for
Minnesota and United States marshal for
that state. He died July 30, 1886, in St.
Paul, Minn.
MCLAREN, WILLIAM EDWARD, bish
op of Chicago, was born Dec. 13, 1831, in
Geneva, N. Y. By the generous action of
his lay friends he has founded the Theo
logical seminary at Chicago, which has
a fine group of buildings, a partial endow
ment, and an able faculty; and the Water
man hall, a school for girls, near Chicago.
He has published Catholic Dogma the An
tidote of Doubt; The Inner Proofs of God;
and The Practice of the Interior Life; be
sides numerous addresses, sermons, and
poems.
MCLAREN, WILLIAM PRATT, mer
chant, was born June 19, 1834, in Scotland.
In 1864 he settled in Milwaukee, Wis.
He was one of the original incorporators
of the Northwestern National Insurance
company. He has twice filled the office
of vice-president of the chamber of com
merce.
McLAUGHLEN, NAPOLEON BONA
PARTE, soldier, was born Dec. 8, 1823, in
Chelsea, Vt. He was brevetted brigadier-
general, United States army, in 1865, for
gallant conduct in the field during the
war. He died Jan. 27, 1887, in Middle-
ton, N. Y.
MCLAUGHLIN, ANDREW CUNNING
HAM, educator, author, was born in 1861,
in Illinois. He is a professor of Ameri
can history at the university of Michigan
from 1891; and the author of Life of
Lewis Cass.
MCLAUGHLIN, EDWARD AUGUSTUS,
poet, was born Jan. 9, 1798, in North
Stamford, Conn. He published a volume
containing, besides some graceful shorter
pieces, The Lovers of the Deep, a long
poem in Spencerian stanza. He died Nov.
15, 1861, in New York city.
McLAUGHLIN, GEORGE, lawyer, leg
islator, was born March 27, 1841, in Ros-
coe, Ohio. For years he was chairman of
the republican county committee; and is
now a member of the state assembly of
the New York legislature.
McLAURIN, ANSELM JOSEPH, lawyer,
legislator, United States senator, was
born March 26, 1848, in Brandon, Miss.
He was elected district attorney for the
fifth district at Raleigh, Miss.; and moved
to Brandon in 1876, after four years' ser
vice as district attorney. He was elected
to represent Rankin county in the legis
lature in 1879; was chosen presidential
elector for the state at large in 1888; and
was elected to the constitutional conven
tion in 1890. He was elected to the United
States senate in 1894. In 1896 he became
governor of Mississippi.
McLAURIN, JOHN FREDERICK, law
yer, was born Aug. 22, 1864, in Kemper
county, Miss. He received the rudiments
of his education in
the public schools,
and attended the
Wesling college of
San Augustine, Tex.
He has attained
prominence as an
able lawyer of San
Augustine, Tex.; has
served as United
States district attor
ney for the eastern
district of Texas;
and takes an active
part in the public affairs of his county
and state.
McLAURIN, JOHN LOUNDES, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born May 9,
1860, in Red Bluff, S. C. In 1890 he was
elected to the general
assembly of South
Carolina; and was
elected attorney-gen
eral of that state the
following year. He
was elected to the fif
ty-second, fifty-third,
and fifty-fourth con
gresses, and re-elect
ed to the fifty-fifth
congress as a demo
crat; and has served
on numerous import
ant committees. He takes a deep interest
in the material development of the south;
and his speeches on the subject have given
him a national reputation.
McLAURY, WILLIAM M., physician,
author, was born Aug. 22, 1830, in Kort-
right, N. Y. He has attained success as a
physician of New York city; and is the
author of An Essay on the Mind; Crema
tion; The Senses, Five or Seven; Sym
bols, Emblems, and Sacred Numbers; and
numerous other works.
McLEAN, ALNEY, congressman, was
born in Burke county, N. C. He was a
representative in congress from Kentucky
from 1815 to 1817, and again from 1819 to
1821.
MCLEAN, DANIEL VEECH, educator,
was born Nov. 24, 1801, in Fayette county,
Pa. He took charge of the church at Ten-
nent, Monmouth county, N. J., and four
years later of a church organized by him
at Freehold, with which he remained till
1850, when he was chosen president of La
fayette college. He died Nov. 23 1860 in
Red Bank, N. J.
McLEAN, FINIS E., congressman, was
born in Kentucky. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1849 to 1851.
McLEAN, FRANCIS J., lawyer, finan
cier. He received a thorough education,
and then began educational work in the
states of Pennsyl
vania and New York.
In 1867 he was ad
mitted to the bar,
and since 1867 has
followed that profes
sion in Menomonie,
Wis. In 1883 he
helped to organize
the First National
bank of Menomonie,
of which he is pres
ident and one of the
largest stockholders.
He is also interested in several other
financial institutions in different parts of
the state; and has contributed generous
ly to every good work and enterprise.
644
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
McLEAN, JAMES H., physician, sur
geon, congressman, was born Aug. 13,
1829, in Scotland. He was elected a rep
resentative from Missouri to the forty-
seventh congress to fill a vacancy.
McLEAN, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 11, 1785, in
Morris county, N. J. In 1812 he became
a candidate to repre
sent his district in
congress from Ohio,
and was elected by a
large majority. In
1814 he was again
elected to congress
by a unanimous vote,
and remained a
member of the house
o f representatives
until 1816, when, the
legislature of Ohio
having elected him a
judge of the supreme court of the state,
he resigned his seat in congress at the
close of the session. He remained six
years upon the supreme bench of Ohio;
and in 1822 was appointed commissioner
of the general land office. In 1823 he be
came postmaster-general; and in 1829 was
appointed a justice of the United States
supreme court. His name was thrice
brought before conventions as a candidate
for the presidency. He died April 4, 1861,
in Cincinnati, Ohio.
McLEAN, JOHN, lawyer, legislator,
United States senator, was born in 1791,
in North Carolina. In 1818 he was elected
a representative to congress from Illinois
and served one term. He was several
times a member of the state legislature,
and frequently speaker of the house; and
from 1824 to 1825 was United States sen
ator to fill a vacancy. He was again
elected in 1829 for the term ending in
1835. He died Oct. 4, 1830, in Shawnee-
town, 111.
McLEAN, JOHN HOWELL, clergyman,
educator, college president, was born Sept.
24, 1838, in Hinds county, Miss. For twen
ty years he has filled successively circuits,
stations, and districts in the methodist
episcopal church south. For seventeen
years he has been a professor in the
Southwestern university of Georgetown,
Tex., of which institution he has been
president since 1889. He has been elected
five times as a delegate to the general
conference; and was a delegate to the
ecumenical conference held in Washing
ton in 1891.
McLEAN, JOHN RAY, journalist, was
born in 1849, in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1877
he assumed the editorship and manage
ment of the Cincinnati Enquirer, which
position he still holds.
McLEAN, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was elected a delegate from the territory
of Montana to the thirty-eighth congress;
and was re-elected to the thirty-ninth con
gress.
McLEAN, MRS. SARAH E. PULVER,
poet, was born June 26, 1854, in Waterloo,
N. Y. She is the author of a number of
meritorious poems.
McLEAN, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Morris county, N. J. He was a
representative in congress from Ohio from
1823 to 1829; and when in congress was
mainly instrumental in procuring an ap
propriation of half a million acres of land
for the extension of the Ohio canal from
Cincinnati to Cleveland. He died Oct. 12,
1839, in Morris county, N. J.
McLEAN, WILLIAM P., soldier, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born Aug. 9,
1836, in Hinds county, Miss. He was
elected to the legislature of Texas in
1861; and resigned to enter the confeder
ate army, in which he served until the
close of the war. He was again a member
of the legislature in 1869; and was elected
to the forty-third congress as a democrat.
McLEER, JAMES, soldier, was born in
December, 1840, in Brooklyn, N. Y. He
served through the civil war, attaining
the rank of brigadier-general.
McLELLAN, ISAAC, journalist, author,
poet, was born May 21, 1806, in Portland,
Maine. He was for a time associate
editor of the Boston
Daily Patriot; and
afterward published
a monthly magazine,
which was finally
consolidated with
the Weekly Pearl.
He is the author of
The Fall of the In
dian; The Year, and
Other Poems; Jour
nal of a Residence in
Scotland; Mount Au
burn; and Poems of
the Rod and Gun; and other works.
McLENE, JAMES, congressman, was
born Oct. 14, 1730, in New London, Pa.
He was a member of the Pennsylvania
convention in 1776; of the assembly sev
eral times between 1776 and 1794, and its
speaker in 1778; and of the supreme ex
ecutive council of the state in 1778 and
1783-84. He was also a member of the
continental congress in 1778-80. He died
March 13, 1806, in Antrim, Pa.
McLEOD, ALEXANDER, clergyman,
author, was born June 12, 1774, in Scot
land. He was a reformed presbyterian
minister of New York city, famous as a
preacher in his day; and the author of
Negro Slavery Unjustifiable; The Mes
siah; Life and Power of True Godliness;
and American Christian Expositor. He
died Feb. 17, 1883, in New York city.
McLEOD, ALFRED ROSS, physician,
surgeon, was born Jan. 23, 1864, in Ver
sailles, Mo. In 1885 he graduated from
the Hooper institute of Clarksburg, Mo.;
and in 1889 from the Missouri Medical
college of St. Louis. He is one of the
most prominent physicians of Kansas
City, Kan.; is a member of the St. Mar
garet and Bethany hospital of that city;
and a prominent member of several fra
ternal orders and medical societies.
McLEOD, HUGH, soldier, congressman,
was born Aug. 1, 1814, in New York city.
He was a member of the Texas congress
in 1842-43, and served throughout the
Mexican war, and subsequently in the
state legislature after the annexation of
Texas. He joined the confederate army
in 1861, and was commissioned a colonel
of the first Texas regiment, with which he
participated in the first Virginia cam
paign. He died Jan. 2, 1862, in Dum
fries, Va.
McLEOD, J. A., physician, surgeon,
business man, was born Nov. 11, 1854, in
Canada. He practiced his profession in
Milwaukee, Wis., un
til 1887, when he
moved to Ironwood,
Mich. Here he was
appointed surgeon
of the Metropolitan
Iron and Land com
pany, and various
other companies. He
is proprietor of a
drug store; the pres
ident of the Iron-
wood Stove com
pany; was one of the
organizers of the Ironwood Electric com
pany; was president of the Curry Hotel
company; and was one of the organizers
of the First National bank of Ironwood,
of which institution he served as vice-
president. He has served as a member of
the city council; was the first captain of
Curry rifles; and in 1894 was detailed as
acting brigade surgeon of the Michigan
National guards.
McLEOD, XAVIER DONALD, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 17, 1821, in
New York city. He was a Roman catholic
clergyman, but before 1852 an episcopal
clergyman; and the author of Pynnshurst,
his Wanderings and Ways of Thinking;
Life of Sir Walter Scott; Life of Mary,
Queen of Scots; Our Lady of Litanies;
and Devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary.
He died July 20, 1865 near Cincinnati,
Ohio.
McMAHON, JOHN A., lawyer, congress
man, was born Feb. 19, 1833, in Frederick
county, Md. He held no official position
until elected a representative from Ohio
to the forty-fourth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-fifth and forty-sixth
congresses as a democrat.
McMAHON, JOHN VAN LEAR, law
yer, author, was born in 1800, in Mary
land. He was a prominent lawyer and
politician of Maryland, whose Historical
View of Maryland is an authority on the
early history of the province. He died
June 15, 1871, in Cumberland, Md.
McMAHON, LAURENCE STEPHEN,
Roman catholic bishop, was born Dec.
24, 1835, in Nova Scotia. He was vicar-
general of the see of Providence, R. I., in
1872-79, and at the latter date was conse
crated bishop of Hartford, Conn.
McMAHON, MARTIN THOMAS, soldier,
lawyer, was born March 21, 1838, in La-
prairie, Canada. He resigned from the
army in 1866, after receiving the brevets
of brigadier- and major-general of volun
teers in 1865. In 1872 he was appointed
receiver of taxes in New York city, which
office he held until 1885, when he became
United States marshal of the southern
district of New York.
McMAKIN, MARY AUGUSTA, poet,
was born Aug. 30, 1833, in Philadelphia,
Pa. She has contributed short stories to
leading periodicals.
McMANUS, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Rensselaer county, N. Y. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1825 to 1827.
McMASTER, ERASMUS DARWIN, cler
gyman, educator, college president, was
born Feb. 4, 1806, in Mercer, Pa. He
became president of South Hanover col
lege, Indiana, in 1838, but resigned in 1845
to accept the presidency of Miami univer
sity. After four years' service in that in
stitution he was made professor of sys
tematic theology in New Albany Theologi
cal seminary, and from 1866 till his death,
a few months afterward, occupied the
same chair in the Theological seminary
of the northwest, Chicago, 111. He died
Sept. 11, 1866, in Chicago, 111.
McMASTER, GILBERT, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 13, 1778, in Ireland.
He was a reformed presbyterian clergy
man of Duanesburgh, N. Y.; and the au
thor of The Shorter Catechism Analyzed;
Apology for the Psalms; and Moral Char
acter of Civil Government. He died March
15, 1854, in New Albany, Ind.
McMASTER, GUY HUMPHREY, jurist,
author, poet, was born Jan. 31, 1829, in
Clyde, N. Y. He was a jurist and poet of
Bath, in central New York. He wrote a
History of Steuben County, but his name
lingers in anthologies as author of the
well-known lyric, Carmen Bellicosum. He
died Sept. 13, 1887, in Bath, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
645
McMASTER, JAMES ALPHONSUS,
journalist, was born April 1, 1820, in Sche-
nectady, N. Y. In 1848 he bought the
Freeman's Journal and Catholic Register,
and for nearly forty years was regarded
as the chief Roman catholic journalist in
this country. He died Dec. 29, 1886, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
McMASTER, JOHN BACH, educator,
author, was born June 29, 1852, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He is a professor of American
history at the university of Pennsylvania
from 1883, and prior to that date an in
structor in engineering at Princeton col
lege. He is the author of Bridge and Tun
nel Centres; High Masonry Dams; His
tory of the People of the United States;
Franklin as a Man of Letters; and Penn
sylvania and the Federal Constitution.
McMICHAEL, JACKSON BURGESS,
clergyman, educator, college president,
was born July 22, 1833, in Poland, Ohio.
Since 1878 he has been president of the
Monmouth college, Illinois, where he is
also professor of psychology, logic, and
biblical history.
McMICHAEL, JOHN M., journalist,
lawyer, legislator, was born March 16,
1838, in Xenia, Ohio. He attained success
as a lawyer of Plattsburg, Mo.; has been
city attorney and mayor of that city; and
served with distinction as a member of
the Missouri state legislature. He was a
member of the national convention which
nominated Tilden at St. Louis in 1876;
was vice-president of the national silver
convention which met in St. Louis in 1889;
and has always taken an active part in
political affairs. He is the editor of The
Leader of Plattsburg, Mo.
McMICHAEL, MORTON, lawyer, jour
nalist, was born Oct. 2, 1807, in Burling
ton, N. J. He was sole proprietor of the
North American and United States Ga
zette from 1854 till his death. He died
Jan. 6, 1879, in Philadelphia, Pa.
McMICHAEL, WILLIAM, lawyer, was
born March 4, 1841, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He is a lawyer of New York city; and in
1871 he was appointed assistant attorney-
general of the United States, holding the
position until 1873.
McMILLAN, A. L., poet, evangelist, was
born March 26, 1867, in Clinton, 111. She
is a licensed evangelist, and known
throughout the state of Kansas as the
poet-evangelist. She is the author and
composer of several popular songs; and
in 1896 received the prize certificate as a
pianist at the Kansas musical contest. She
is also the author of a large number of
meritorious poems, which have constantly
appeared in current literature, and in sev
eral standard collections.
MCMILLAN, ALBERT s., educator,
journalist, was born Feb. 19, 1853, in
Cleveland, Ohio. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the schools of
Waverly, Iowa; and subsequently at
tended Cornell university of Ithaca, N. Y.
He is the editor and owner of The Wade-
na County Journal of Wadena, Minn.;
was county superintendent of schools in
1881-83; and president of the board of
education of Verndale, Minn., during 1887-
93.
McMILLAN, CONWAY, educator, au
thor, was born in' 1867, in Michigan. He
has been a professor of botany in the uni
versity of Minnesota since 1891; and is the
author of Twenty-Two Common Insects of
Nebraska; and The Metaspermse of the
Minnesota Valley.
McMILLAN, GARRETT. congressman,
was a resident of Georgia. He was elected
a representative from that state to the
forty-fourth congress. He died before the
assembling of that congress.
McMILLAN, JAMES, railroad president,
United States senator, was born May 12,
1838, in Canada. When elected to the
senate he was president of the Michigan
Car company, the Duluth, South Shore
and Atlantic Railroad company, and the
Detroit and Cleveland Steam Navigation
company. For three years he was presi
dent of the Detroit board of park commis
sioners, and for four years was a member
of the Detroit board of estimates. He was
a republican presidential elector in 1884;
received the unanimous nomination of the
republican members of the legislature and
was elected to the United States senate in
1889; and was re-elected in 1895.
MCMILLAN, SAMUEL JAMES REN-
WICK, lawyer, jurist, United States sena
tor, was born Feb. 22, 1826, in Browns
ville, Pa. He was elected judge of the
first judicial district of the state of Min
nesota in 1857, and entered upon the du
ties of that position on the admission of
the state into the union by congress in
1858. In 1864 he was appointed associate
justice of the supreme court of the state
to fill a vacancy; in 1864 was elected to
the same position for a full term; at the
expiration of which he was re-elected for
another term. He resigned in 1874; and
was appointed chief justice of the supreme
court to fill a vacancy; and was re-elected
for a full term, but resigned to take a
seat in the senate of the United States for
the term ending in 1881; and was re-
elected for a second term of six years.
McMILLEN, LISTON, lawyer, lecturer,
author, was born Dec. 10, 1847, in Rich-
wood, Ohio. He graduated in the classical
course from the Ohio
Wesleyan university
in 1867. He moved to
Oskaloosa, Iowa, and
began the practice of
law there in 1869. He
is the author of a
work entitled Alathi-
asis, which treats of
the principles o f
Christian hygiene.
As a lecturer he has
appeared in his one
favorite discourse
entitled The Proofs of the Resurrection of
Christ. His legal training enables him to
handle this discussion in the light of the
common law rules of evidence — a char
acteristic feature that draws public atten
tion to the speaker and his theme.
McMILLEN, WILLIAM LINN, soldier,
surgeon, state legislator, was born Oct.
18, 1829, in Hillsboro, Ohio. He served
in the civil war, and received the brevets
of brigadier-general and major-general of
volunteers in 1864 and 1865. He served
several terms in the Louisiana legislature,
and in 1872 and 1873 was chosen to the
United States senate by the McEnery
legislature, but not admitted to a seat.
McMILLIN, BENTON, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born
Sept. 11, 1845, in Monroe county, Ky. He
practiced law in Celina, Tenn. ; was elect
ed a member of the state house of rep
resentatives in 1874; and was a presiden
tial elector in 1876. He was appointed a
special judge of the circuit court in 1877.
He was elected a representative from
Tennessee to the forty-sixth, forty-sev
enth, forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth,
fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-
fourth, and fifty-fifth congresses as a dem
ocrat.
McMINN, JOSEPH, state senator, gov
ernor, was born in Pennsylvania. In 1807
he was elected speaker to the Pennsyl
vania state senate; and in 1815 was elected
governor of Tennessee. He died Nov.
17, 182* , at the Cherokee agency.
McMORRIS, THOMAS A., lawyer, ju
rist, was born Nov. 24, 1835, in Musking-
um, Ohio. During the war he served in
the eighty-sixth regiment Illinois volun
teer infantry. He is one of the most
prominent lawyers of Colorado; has serv
ed as district judge of the fourth judicial
district of Colorado; and was appointed
by President Garfield as commissioner to
the Indians.
McMULLEN, DANIEL E., educator,
public official, was born April 29, 1860, in
Lyons, Iowa. He received his education
at the St. Francis college of Milwaukee,
St. Joseph's college of Dubuque, and St.
Ambrose college of Davenport. He has
been county superintendent of schools of
Lyons county, Iowa; a justice of the
peace for seven years; principal of the
Charlotte schools; and is now principal
of schools at Alvord, Iowa. He has filled
numerous public offices in his county, and
is well-known throughout the state as a
successful educator.
McMULLEN, FAYETTE, congressman,
governor, was born in Virginia. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1849 to 1855. In 1857 he was
appointed governor of the territory of
Washington.
McMULLEN, JOHN, Roman catholic
bishop, college president, was born March
8, 1833, in Ireland. In 1881 he was conse
crated bishop of the new diocese that had
been formed in Davenport, Iowa, where he
remained until his death. He died July 3,
1883, in Davenport, Iowa.
McMURDIE, HENRY, clergyman, edu
cator, was born May 21, 1822, in England.
He was appointed professor of dogmatic
theology and moral philosophy in St.
Mary's, and succeeded Archbishop Elder
as director of the ecclesiastical seminary.
He was looked upon as one of the ablest
theologians and metaphysicians of his
church in the United States. He died Jan.
20, 1880, in Emmettsburg, Md.
McMURPHY, JESSE G., clergyman,
college president, author, poet, was born
April 8, 1845, in Derry, N. H. He gradu-
ated from the Dart
mouth college in
1868; and in 1873
from the Theological
' !,>-. seminary of Nasho-
tah, Wis. He is an
eminent clergyman,
kjjl^^^f and founder of the
McMurphy Home
. school of Racine,
1 ). Wis. He is a well-
-^. ™ '^^ known writer and
translator of verse in
several languages;
and his writings appear in numerous
standard collections. He married Mary
Lucy James in 1870, and resides with his
family at the homestead in Derry, N. H.
McMURRAY, PATRICK EARLY, man
ufacturer, state senator, was born March
4, 1841, in Ireland. In 1886 he was elected
a member of the Florida state senate.
McMURTRIE, HENRY, educator, au
thor, was born in 1793, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was an educator of Philadelphia;
and the author of Lexicon Scientiarum,
his principal work. He died May 26, 1865,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
McMURTRIE, RICHARD COXE, law
yer, author, was born Oct. 24, 1819, in
Cumberland county, N. J. He is one of
the recognized leaders of the Philadelphia
bar. He was a vice-provost of the law
academy of Philadelphia from 1864 till
1881. He published, with George W. Bid-
die, a General Index, etc.; and A Reading
on Article XVI., Sec. 7, Constitution of
Pennsylvania.
646
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
McMURTRIE, WILLIAM, chemist, au
thor, was born March 10, 1851, in Belvi-
dere, N. J. He is a professor of chemistry
in the university of Illinois; and the au
thor of Culture of the Sugar Beet; Cul
ture of Sumac; and Grape Culture in the
United States.
McNABB, JOHN R., clergyman, was
born July 12, 1856, in Mitchell, Ind. He
received his education at the Hartsville
university, and took a post-graduate
course in the DePauw university. He prac
ticed law for five years; and then entered
the ministry of the methodist episcopal
church. He is a member of the south
Kansas conference, a successful clergy
man, and an orator of marked ability.
McNAGNY, WILLIAM F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 19, 1850, in Sum
mit county, Ohio. Since 1873 he has prac
ticed law in Columbia City. He was
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
democrat.
McNAIR, ALEXANDER, soldier, gov
ernor, was born in 1774, in Dauphin coun
ty, Pa. He was an early emigrant to
Missouri territory; adjutant and inspect
or-general in 1812; and colonel of Mis
souri militia in the United States service
in 1813. He was governor of Missouri
from 1820 to 1824. He died March 18, 1826,
in St. Louis, Mo.
McNAIR, JOHN, congressman, was
born in 1800, in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1851 to 1855. He died in August,
1861, in Evansport, Va.
McNAMARA, JOHN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Dec. 27, 1824, in Ireland.
He was an episcopal clergyman of Ne
braska; and the author of Three Years
on the Kansas Border; and The Black
Code of Kansas. He died Oct. 24, 1885,
in North Platte, Neb.
McNAUGHTON, JOHN HUGH, author,
poet, was born July 1, 1829, in Caledonia,
N. Y. He is a poet of Caledonia, N. Y.,
many of whose songs have been set to mu
sic, and proved extremely popular. He is
the author of Babble Brook Songs; and
Onnalinda, a romance in verse.
McNEELY, THOMPSON W., lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 5, 1835, in
Jacksonville, 111. He was elected a repre
sentative from Illinois to the forty-first
and forty-second congresses as a demo
crat.
McNEIL, ARCHIBALD, state senator,
congressman, was born Nov. 9, 1783, in
Cumberland county, N. C. He entered
the house of commons in 1808; was re-
elected in 1809; and served in the North
Carolina state senate in 1811 and 1815.
He was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1821 to 1823, and
again from 1825 to 1827.
McNEIL, JOHN, soldier, merchant, state
legislator, was born Feb. 4, 1813, in Hali
fax, N. S. In 1844-45 he was in the Mis
souri legislature. He
was president of the
Pacific Insurance
company from 1855
till 1861; when he
joined the national
army under General
Nathaniel L y o n ,
with the rank of col
onel. With six hun
dred men he routed
General David D.
Harris at Fulton,
Mo., on July 17, 1861,
and was then placed by General John C.
Fremont in command of St. Louis. He
was made colonel of the nineteenth Mis
souri volunteers Aug. 3, and early in 1862
took command of a cavalry regiment.
McNEILL, GEORGE ROCKWELL, edu
cator, college president, was born July 1,
1854, in Fayetteville, N. C. He has been
city and county superintendent of schools;
president of the Lafayette college of Ala
bama; and is now the president of the
Isbell college of Talladega, Ala.
McNEILL, ISRAEL C.. educator, col
lege president, was born Aug. 31, 1855, in
Avoca, N. Y. He is now president of the
State Normal school of West Superior,
Wis.; and for several years has been
treasurer of the National Educational as
sociation.
McNEILL, MILTON, clergyman, state
senator, was born Jan. 8, 1846, in Wilkes
county, N. C. He is a successful clergy
man of the baptist church at Wilkesboro,
N. C.; and in 1896 was elected a member
of the North Carolina state senate.
McNEILL, WILLIAM GIBBS, civil en
gineer, was born Oct. 3, 1800, in Wilming
ton, N. C. He achieved the reputation of
being one of the foremost railroad engi
neers in the United States, and his ser
vices were sought for at unusual prices.
He died Feb. 16, 1853, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
McNIERNEY, FRANCIS, bishop, was
born April 25, 1828, in New York city.
He was appointed administrator of the
diocese of Albany, N. Y., and in 1877 be
came bishop of that see by the right of
succession.
McNINCH, MAGGIE, educator, poet,
was born in Chester, S. C. She is a suc
cessful educator of Williamston, S. C., and
the author of a number of stories and a
volume of poems entitled Wayside
Flowers.
McNISH, GEORGE, clergyman, was
born about 1660. He became pastor in
Jamaica, N. Y., in 1711, was styled the
father of presbyterianism in the state of
New York, and instituted the first presby
tery therein. He was moderator of the
presbytery of Philadelphia in 1710 and
1717. He died March 10, 1722, in Newton,
N. J.
McNULTA, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Nov. 9, 1837, in New York city. He stud
ied law; served in the army from 1861
to 1865, as colonel and brevet brigadier-
general. He was a member of the New
York legislature from 1869 to 1873, and
was elected to the forty-third congress
as a republican.
McNUTT, ALEXANDER GALLATIN,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born Sept. 12, 1801, in Rockbridge county,
Va. In 1824 he moved to Jackson, Miss.,
and subsequently to Vicksburg, where he
practiced law. In 1835 he was elected to
the state senate from Warren county,
and was governor of the state from 1837
to 1841. He died Oct. 22, 1848, in De Soto
county, Miss.
McNUTT, SAMUEL, farmer, educator,
lawyer, journalist, state senator, was born
Nov. 21, 1825, in Ireland, of Scotch origin.
His boyhood was
spent on a farm in
Delaware; and he
was educated at the
Delaware college. He
then engaged in edu
cational work; and
was elected president
of the New Castle
County Teachers' as
sociation. In 1851 he
began the practice of
law in Milwaukee,
Wis. In 1852 he was
professor of the Male seminary of Her-
nando, Miss., and in 1856 was principal of
the public school of Muscatine, Iowa. The
same year he was editor of the Times-
inquirer; during 1856-59 was associate
editor of the Dubuque Herald; and in
1861 became editor of the Dubuque Daily
Union. From 1864 he served six years as
a representative in the Iowa state legis
lature; and during 1870-74 served as a
state senator. In 1884 he was a member
of the Farmers' National congress, and
in 1890 was appointed United States con
sul to Maracaibo, Venezuela.
McNUTT, WILLIAM FLETCHER, phy
sician, journalist, was born March 29, 1839,
in Nova Scotia. He is a well-known and
successful physician of San Francisco,
Cal., and in 1895 assumed the editorship
of the Pacific Medical Journal.
McPARLIN, LAWRENCE JERMAIN,
lawyer, jurist, was born Nov. 14, 1848, in
Lockport, N. Y. He has been nominated.
seven times as associate judge of the court
of appeals of the state of New York;
twice as chief judge of the same court,
and once as attorney-general of his state.
McPHEETERS, WILLIAM MARCEL-
LUS, educator, physician, surgeon, au
thor, was born Dec. 3, 1815, in Raleigh, N.
C. He settled in St. Louis, Mo., in 1S42,
was professor of therapeutics and materia
medica in the medical college there in
1848-62, and again in 1867. He edited the
St. Louis Medical and Surgical Journal in
1843-61, and, besides numerous profes
sional papers, has published a History of
the Cholera Epidemic in St. Louis, Mo.,
in 1849.
McPHERRAN, J. E., lawyer, legislator,
was born in 1835 in Huntingdon counly,
Pa. He served one term as a member of
the Illinois legislature from Sterling, 111.
For seventeen years he has been president
of the public library of his city.
McPHERSON, EDWARD, soldier, jour
nalist, lawyer, congressman, author, was
born July 31, 1830, in Gettysburg, Pa. He
was elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the thirty-sixth congress, and
was re-elected to the thirty-seventh con
gress. In 1864 he published The Political
History of the United States During the
Great Rebellion; in 1870, The Political
History of the United States During the
Period of Reconstruction, and biennially
thereafter published political hand-books.
McPHERSON, JAMES BIRDSEYE, sol
dier, was born Nov. 14, 1828, in Sandusity,
Ohio. In 1853 he graduated from the
United States mili
tary academy;
served with distinc
tion through the
civil war, and at-
tained the rank of
major-general of vol
unteers. He was a
superb rider, and the
black horse which
bore him to death,
and which he had
ridden through every
battle from Shiloh,
seemed to be almost equally inspired with
himself amid the smoke and carnage of
battle. He fell dead July 22, 1864, pierced
by several bullets, while making an as
sault on the confederates near Atlanta,
Ga.
McPHERSON, JOHN RODERIC, agri
culturist, business man, United States sen
ator, was born May 9, 1833, in Livingston
county, N. Y. He was a state senator
from New Jersey from 1871 to 1873. In
1873 he was elected president of the Cen
tral Stock-Yard and Transit company, and
continued in that position. He was a
presidential elector in 1876, and was elect
ed a senator of the United States from
New Jersey for the term of six years from
March 4, 1877, and was re-elected in 1883,
and again in 1889.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
647
McPHERSON, MRS. L. C., poet. She
is the author of Ruellura. a volume of
poems.
McPHERSON, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born in 1751 in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1799
he was appointed brigadier-general of the
provisional army, ana commanded the
troops that were sent to enforce the rev
enue laws in Northampton county during
the Fries rebellion. He died Nov. 5, 1813,
near Philadelphia, Pa.
McQUADE, JAMES, soldier, was born
April 27, 1829, in Utica, N. Y. He served
in the civil war, attaining the rank of
major-general. He died March 25, 1885 in
Utica, N. Y.
McQUAID, BERNARD JOHN, bishop,
was born Dec. 15, 1823, in New York city.
He is a noted Roman catholic bishop of
Rochester, N. Y., and has built a number
of churches.
McQUEEN, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1808 in Robinson
county, N. C. During the nullification
times of 1833 he was elected a colonel of
the state militia; in 1834 a brigadier-gen
eral, and in 1835 a major-general, which
last position he held for ten years, and
then resigned. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress from South Caro
lina in 1849, and was a member down to
the thirty-sixth congress, serving on lead
ing committees, and was re-elected to the
thirty-seventh congress. He withdrew in
1860 and joined the rebellion. He died
Sept. 13, 1867, in Society Hill, S. C.
McQUEEN, MCINTOSH, lawyer, jurist.
He was an early emigrant to Florida; and
was appointed a judge of the Unite'd
States court for the district of Florida.
McRAE, HAMILTON SAMUEL, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, was born Jan. 2,
1833, near New Middletown, Ind. He was
elected, district attorney of the common
pleas court in Indiana. He had been
unanimously elected in 1861 to the legis
lature to fill a vacancy. The most im
portant public enterprise in which he has
been engaged is the public library of Mun-
cie, of whose board he has been president
since its establishment, in 1875.
McRAE, JOHN J., soldier, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born about
1810 in Wayne county, Miss. He was
elected, frequently, to the Mississippi
state legislature, and during two sessions
officiated as speaker. He was also elected
to the state senate; and was, in 1851, for
a short time in the United States sen
ate. He was governor of Mississippi
from 1854 to 1858, and was elected to the
second se'ssion of the thirty-fifth congress
from Mississippi, as successor to General
Quitman, and was re-elected to the thirty-
sixth congress. He joined the great re
bellion in 1861. He died May 30, 1868, in
British Honduras.
McRAE, THOMAS CHIPMAN, soldier,
legislator, was born Dec. 21, 1851, in
Mount Olive, Ark. He received his edu
cation at the private
schools of Shady
Grove, Columbia
county; Mount Hol
ly, Union county; and
Falcon, Nevada coun
ty, Ark. In boyhood
he worked on a
farm, one year in
a wholesale mer
cantile establish
ment of Shreveport,
La., and one year in
a retail store at Fal
con, Ark. He received a full course of
instruction at Soule Business college of
New Orleans, La., and graduated in law at
the Washington and Lee university of
Virginia. He was admitted to practice in
state circuit courts in Rosston, Nevada
county, Ark., in 1873; in the Arkansas su
preme court in 1876, and in the United
States supreme court in 1886. He was a
member of the state legislature of Arkan
sas in 1877, in which year the county seat
was changed, and he moved from Rosston
to Prescott, where he has since practiced
his profession. He was a member of the
town council of the incorporated town of
Prescott in 1879; was a presidential elector
for Hancock and English in 1880; was
chairman of the democratic state conven
tion in 1884; was delegate to the na
tional democratic convention in 1884, and
is now the democratic national committee-
man for Arkansas. He was elected to the
forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-sec
ond, fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
McREADY, JAMES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1819 to 1821.
McREAVY, JOHN, merchant, manufac
turer, state senator, was born Feb. 23,
1840, in Northfield, Maine. He received
his education in the
public schools and
academies, and in
1863 settled in the
territory of Wash
ington. In 1869 he
was a member of the
house of the terri
torial legislature; of
the council in 1870;
of the house in 1877;
of the council in
1885, and a member
of the constitutional
convention in 1889, and of the first legis
lature of the state. For many years he
was a successful merchant in Union City,
and is now in the milling business.
McREE, GRIFFITH JOHN, soldier,
was born in 1758 in Bladen county, N. C.
He was brevet lieutenant-colonel in the
revolutionary army, was appointed cap
tain of artillery and engineers in 1794,
and resigned in 1798, being appointed in
that year collector of revenue for the dis
trict of Wilmington, N. C. He died Oct.
30, 1801, in Smithville, N. C.
McREE, SAMUEL, soldier, was born
Oct. 6, 1801, in Wilmington, N. C. He was
made quartermaster with the rank of ma
jor in 1839, and brevetted lieutenant-col
onel for meritorious conduct while serv
ing in the enemy's country in 1848. He
McREE, WILLIAM, soldier, was born
died July 15, 1849, in St. Louis, Mo.
Dec. 13, 1787, in Wilmington, N. C. He
was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for gal
lant conduct in the battle of Niagara, in
1814, and colonel for distinguished and
meritorious service in defence of Fort
Erie in 1814, and became lieutenant-col
onel in 1818. Fort McRee, Pensacola, Fla.,
was named in his honor. He died in May,
1833, in St. Louis, Mo.
McREYNOLDS, ANDREW THOMAS,
soldier, was born Dec. 25, 1806, in Ireland.
He served through the civil war, attain
ing the rank of brigadier-general. He
was president of the Detroit board of edu
cation, and was United States district at-
gan.
torney for the western district of Michi-
McROBERTS, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born about
1800 in Illinois. He held the office of
judge of one of the higher courts of Illi
nois, and was a member of the Illinois
senate, and held the position of district
attorney for the United States in Illinois.
He was a senator in congress from Illi
nois from 1841 to the time of his death.
He died March 27, 1843, in Cincinnati,
Ohio.
McRUER, DONALD C., merchant, con
gressman, was born in 1826 in Maine.
Having emigrated to California, he filled
the office of harbor commissioner for that
state, and in 1864 was elected a repre
sentative from California to the thirty-
ninth congress.
McSHANE, JOHN A., business man,
congressman, was born Aug. 25, 1850, in
New Lexington, Ohio. He is a director in
the First National bank of Omaha, and
helped to orga'nize, and is president of,
the Union Stock Yards bank at South
Omaha. In 1880 he was elected to the
lower house of the state legislature from
Omaha for two years, and in 1882 he was
elected to the state senate for two years,
and was re-elected for another term in
1884. He was elected to the fiftieth con
gress as a democrat.
McSHERRY, JAMES, state legislator,
congressman, was born in Adams county,
Pa. He served twenty years in the leg
islature of Pennsylvania, and was a dele
gate to reform the constitution of the
same, and was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1821 to
1823. He died Feb. 3, 1849, in Littlestown,
Pa.
McSHERRY, JAMES, lawyer, author,
was born in 1819 in Maryland. He was
a lawyer of Frederick, Md., and the au
thor of Pere Jean, the Jesuit Missionary;
Williloft, or the Days of James the First;
and History of Maryland. He died July
13, 1869, in Frederick county, Md.
McSHERRY, RICHARD, physician, au
thor, was born Nov. 21, 1817, in Martins-
burg, W. Va. He was a physician of prom
inence in Baltimore, and in early life in
the naval service. He was the author of
Early History of Maryland, and Other Es
says; El Puchero, a discursive work on
Mexico; Military Life in Field and Camp;
and Health and How to Promote It,
his principal writings. He died Oct. 7,
1885, in Baltimore, Md.
McTEER, WILL ANDERSON, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born Sept. 16, 1843,
in Blount county, Tenn. During the civil
war he served the union as adjutant of
the third Tennessee cavalry; was acting
assistant adjutant-general of the first bri
gade fourth cavalry division, and was
commissioned as major. He served with
distinction as a representative in the Ten
nessee state legislature. He has been clerk
of the circuit court of Blount county; has
been United States commissioner for the
district of East Tennessee, and for eight
een years has been treasurer of the Mary-
ville college. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of Tennessee, and has a large
practice in Maryville.
McTYEIRE, HOLLAND NIMMONS,
bishop, author, was born July 28, 1824,
in Barnwell county, S. C. He was a meth-
odist bishop in Tennessee, and the author
of Manual of Discipline; Duties of Mas
ters; and History of Methodism. He died
Feb. 15, 1889, in Nashville, Tenn.
McVEAGH, WAYNE, soldier, lawyer,
was born in 1833 in Phcenixville, Pa. In
1881 he was appointed attorney-general of
the United States in the cabinet of Presi
dent Garfield.
McVEAN, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1802 in Johns
town, N. Y. He served as a representative
in congress from New York from 1833 to
183o. At the time of his death he was dis
trict attorney for southern New York. He
died Dec. 20, 1848, in New York city.
McVICKAR, JOHN, educator, author,
was born Aug. 10, 1787, in New York city.
He was the author of Outlines of Political
Economy; Eighty Years; and The Profes
sional Years of Bishop Hobart. He died
Oct. 29, 1868, in New York.
648
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
McVICKAR, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, author, was born April 24,
1827, in New York city. He was an epis
copal clergyman who became rector of
Christ church, New York city, in 1876. He
was the author of Life of Rev. John Mc-
Vickar; and City Missions. He died in
1877.
McVICKER, JAMES HUBERT, theat
rical manager, author, was born Feb. 14,
1822, in New York city. In 1857 he built
McVicker's Theater in Chicago, 111., which
was rebuilt after the fire of 1871, and re
modeled in 1887, and which he has man
aged successfully for thirty years. He is
the author of The Theater, Its Early Days
in Chicago.
McWHORTER, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
was born in Washington county, N. Y. In
1836 he moved west with his parents,
settling in Wiscon
sin. He received his
education in the pub
lic schools, at Car
roll college, and at
the Waukesha acad
emy. For three years
he was principal of
the first ward school
in Milwaukee; then
took a course at
Lincoln's Commer
cial college, and was
subsequently admit
ted to the bar. Since 1870 he has been
judge of the fourth judicial district court
of Milwaukee. Since his first election to
this office he has tried over twenty thou
sand civil cases. He has a thorough
knowledge of the German and French
languages, and possesses one of the larg
est and finest law libraries in Milwaukee
Wis.
McWHORTER, HENHY CLAY, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born Feb. 20, 1836,
in Marion county, Ohio. During the war
he served in the union army as a captain
of the ninth regiment of the West Vir
ginia volunteer infantry. For nine ses
sions he was a member of the West Vir
ginia state legislature, was chairman of
the judiciary committee and speaker of
the house of delegates. Since 1865 he has
been in the active practice of law; has
been prosecuting attorney of Kanawha
county; postmaster of the city of Charles
ton, and at present is a member of the
supreme court of appeals of West Vir
ginia.
McWILLIE, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
banker, congressman, governor, was born
Nov. 17, 1795, near Liberty Hill, S. C. He
was a representative and senator in the
legislature of South Carolina; and moved
to Mississippi in 1845. He was elected
a representative in congress from that
state from 1849 to 1851. He was also
president of a bank for several years; was
elected governor of the state in 1858; and
during the rebellion was active as a con
federate. He died March 3, 1869, in Kirk-
wood, Miss.
MEACHAM, JAMES, educator, con
gressman, was born in 1810 in Rutland,
Vt. He was called from his parish to
the professorship of elocution and English
literature in Middlebury college. In 1849
he was elected a representative in con
gress, and twice re-elected. He died Aug
22, 1856, in Middlebury, Vt.
MEACHAM, JOSEPH, clergyman, was
born Feb. 22, 1742, in Enfield, Conn. He
was the leading agent in organizing the
so-called shaker church and its system of
community of interests. He died Aug.
16, 1796, in New Lebanon.
MEAD, CHARLES MARSH, theologian,
author, was born Jan. 28, 1836, in Corn
wall, Conn. Since 1892 he has filled the
chair of dogmatic theology in the Hart
ford Theological seminary. For ten years
he traveled extensively in Europe; and is
the author of Supernatural Revelation;
Romans Dissected; The Soul Here and
Hereafter; Christ and Criticism; and vari
ous other works.
MEAD, COWLES, congressman. He
was elected a representative in congress
from Georgia in 1805, but his election
was successfully contested by Thomas
Spalding. In 1806 he was appointed sec
retary of Mississippi territory.
MEAD, EDWARD C., historian, author,
was born Jan. 12, 1837, in Newton, Mass.
At one time he was professor of music
on the violin; and is the author of a
Genealogical History of the Lee Family of
Virginia and Maryland; and other works.
MEAD, EDWIN DOAK, lecturer, author,
was born Sept. 29, 1849, in Chesterfield, N.
H. He is a Boston writer and lecturer
upon social and historical topics, and
editor of the New England Magazine. He
is the author of Martin Luther: a Study
of the Reformation; The Philosophy of
Carlyle; and The Roman Church and the
Public Schools.
MEAD, ELIZABETH STORRS BILL
INGS, college president, was born about
1835, in Conway, Mass. In 1890 she was
elected president of Mount Holyoke col
lege, which position she still holds.
MEAD, JAMES PITTS, lawyer, lecturer,
was born Feb. 19, 1857, in Adrian, Mich.
He has attained success as an able lawyer
of Joplin, Mo., and as a lecturer is well
known throughout the state of Missouri.
He is a member of the corps of lecturers
of the American Institute of Civics; and
president of the district work of the
southwest Missouri Young Men's Chris
tian association.
MEAD, LARKIN GOLDSMITH, sculp
tor, was born Jan. 11, 1835, in Chester
field, N. H. He executed the celebrated
Recording Angel, the colossal statue of
Vermont placed over the dome of the
state house at Montpelier, and other stat
ues, prominent among which is the monu
ment placed over Lincoln's tomb at
Springfield, 111.
MEAD, RICHARD HOMER, physician,
journalist, was born Jan. 16, 1847, in
Huntsville, 111. He received his education
in the common schools, and graduated
from the Medical college of Keokuk, Iowa.
During the civil war he served as a pri
vate in company K, eighth regiment Iowa
cavalry, and is prominent and active in
Grand Army of the Republic work. He
has been examiner in the pension office at
Washington, D. C., and has filled various
other public positions of trust. In writ
ing he has an incisive and instructive
style; has contributed extensively to med
ical journals, and is the editor of The
Register of Camden, 111.
MEAD, 'iHEODORE HOE, manufactu
rer, author, was born Jan. 1, 1837, in New
York city. He became a contributor to
the leading periodicals of the day, and is
the author of a number of books entitled
Horsemanship for Woman; Health With
out Medicine; and Our Mother Tongue.
MEAD, VARNUM B., railroad president,
was born Oct. 16, 1832, in Boxford, Mass.
Since 1883 he has been president of the
Franklin and Megantic railroad.
MEAD, WARREN HEWITT, lawyer,
state legislator, was born Nov. 25, 1836, in
Genoa, N. Y. In 1877 he was elected a
member of the Kentucky legislature; and
re-elected in 1878. He is now practicing
law at Louisville, Ky.
MEADE, EDWIN RUTHVEN, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 6, 1836, in
Norwich, N. Y. He was admitted to
practice in 1858; settled in New York city;
and was elected a representative to the
forty-fourth congress as a democrat.
MEADE, GEORGE, soldier, was born
Nov. 2, 1843, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
brevetted major and lieutenant-colonel,
United States army, for gallant and meri
torious services during the civil war.
MEADE, GEORGE GORDON, soldier,
was born Dec. 31, 1815, in Cadiz, Spain.
He took an active part in many of the
noted battles of the
civil war, but his
name will ever be
identified with the
great battle of Get
tysburg, which he
commanded on the
first, second and
third days of July,
1863, the victory of
which produced such
decided results. In
1864 he was promot
ed to major-general
in the United States army, and as a spe
cial honor was given the command of the
grand review which took place in Wash
ington after the close of the war. He died
Nov. 6, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MEADE, RICHARD K., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Virginia. He was
a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1847 to 1853. He was appoint
ed in 1853 charge d'affaires to Sardinia,
and in 1857 was appointed minister to
Brazil, which mission he held until 1861.
He died April 20, 1862, in Virginia.
MEADE, RICHARD KIDDER, soldier,
was born July 14, 1746, in Virginia. He
entered the revolutionary army in 1775,
sooa after his return to Virginia, and was
one of the twenty-four persons that on
June 24 of that year daringly removed
the arms from Lord Dunmore's house and
placed them in the magazine in Williams-
burg. He superintended the execution of
Major Andr6. He died in February, 1805,
in Clarke county, Va.
MEADE, RICHARD WORSAM, naval
officer, was born in 1807 in Spain. He en
tered the United States navy as a midship
man in 1826, and passed that grade in
1834. He was retired with the rank of
commodore in 1867. He died April 16,
1870, in New York city.
MEADE, WILLIAM, bishop, author,
was born Nov. 11, 1789, in Clarke county,
Va. He was the third protestant epis
copal bishop of Virginia, and the author
of Family Prayers; Old Churches of Vir
ginia; Lectures on the Pastoral Office;
and Reasons for Loving the Episcopal
Church. He died March 14, 1862, in Rich
mond, Va.
MEAGHER, THOMAS FRANCIS, sol
dier, was born Aug. 3, 1823, in Ireland.
He served with distinction through the
civil war, and was
made a brigadier-
general. In 1865 he
was appointed secre
tary of Montana ter
ritory, and in 1866
governor pro tem-
pore of Montana ter
ritory. He was for
many years engaged
in journalism, and
was the author of
Speeches on the Leg
islative Independ
ence of Ireland. He was drowned July 1,
1867, at Fort Benton, Mont.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
649
MEAHAN, BRYAN F., lawyer, legis
lator, was born May 1, 1857, in New Lon
don, Conn. In 1882 he was elected a
member of the Connecticut legislature
from New London, and received the re
flection. He is prosecuting attorney of
New London.
MEANS, ALEXANDER, educator, col
lege president, poet, was born Feb. 6, 1801,
in Statesville, N. C. He taught school
for a while; and
practiced medicine
for six years in Cov-
ington, Ga. In 1834
he was elected rector
of the Georgia con
ference manual labor
school; and in 1853
was elected president
of the Masonic Fe
male college. The
following year he
was elected to the
presidency of Emory
college. He was the author of a volume
entitled A Cluster of Poems for the Home
and Heart; and also published numerous
sermons, addresses and scientific papers.
He died June 5, 1883, in Covington, Ga.
MEANS, HUGH, banker, iron manufac
turer, state legislator, was born Oct. 14,
1812, at Spartanburg, S. C. He has been
president of the Ashland National bank in
Kentucky since its foundation. In 1843
he was elected to represent Adams county
in the Ohio legislature, and served one
term.
MEANS, JOHN HUGH, soldier, gov
ernor, was born Aug. 18, 1812, in Fairfleld,
S. C. He was governor of that state from
1850 to 1852. He was colonel in the con
federate army, and was killed at the sec
ond battle of Bull Run. He died Aug. 28,
1862, in Manassas, Va.
MEARS, JOHN WILLIAM, clergyman,
educator, author, was born Aug. 10, 1825,
in Reading, Pa. He was a presbyterian
clergyman, professor in Hamilton college
in 1870-81, and the author of The Bible in
the Workshop; The Martyrs of France;
The Beggars of Holland; The Story of
Madagascar; The Heroes of Bohemia; and
From Exile to Overthrow. He died Nov.
10, 1881, in Clinton, N. Y.
MEASE, JAMES, physician, author, was
born in 1771 in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was the first vice-president of the Phila
delphia Athenaeum and an active member
•of the Philosophical society. His publi
cations are Geological Account of the
United States; Picture of Philadelphia;
•On William Penn's Treaty with the In
dians. He died May 15, 1846, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
MEASE, JOHN, soldier, was born in
1746 in Ireland. He subscribed four thou
sand pounds for the army in 1780. For
the last thirty years of his life he was
one of the admiralty surveyors of the port
of Philadelphia. He died in 1826 in Phila
delphia, Pa.
MEBANE, ALEXANDER, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Nov. 26,
1744, in Hawfield, N. C. He was a mem
ber of the convention that met in 1776 to
frame the state constitution. He served
a number of years in the North Carolina
legislature, and was in congress from
North Carolina during the years 1793 and
1794. He died July 5, 1795, in Orange
county, N. C.
MEDARY, SAMUEL, journalist, gov
ernor, was born Feb. 25, 1810, in Mont
gomery county, Pa. He was governor of
the territory of Minnesota in 1857 and
1858; governor of Kansas in 1859 and
1860, and was a peace democrat during
the rebellion. He died Nov. 7, 1864, in
Columbus, Ohio.
MEDBERRY, REBECCA, author, was
born in 1808 in Roxbury, Mass. She was
the author of several memoirs and Sun
day-school books. She died in 1868, in
Lynn, Mass.
MEDILL, JOSEPH, proprietor of The
Chicago Tribune, was born April 6, 1823,
in New Brunswick, Canada. In the winter
of 1854-55 he bought a large interest in
The Chicago Tribune, and this news
paper, then bankrupt, was placed by the
new owners upon a paying basis. In 1874
he bought full control and The Tribune
has since made his fortune. In 1870, as
a member of the Illinois constitutional
convention, Mr. Medill became the author
of the clause securing minority repre
sentation, and proposed other important
provisions, which were adopted. The an
nexation of various suburbs to Chicago,
in order to aid in securing the World's
Fair for Chicago, originated with him.
MEDILL, WILLIAM, lawyer, legislator,
congressman, governor, was born in 1805
in New Castle county, Del. He was elect
ed to the Ohio state legislature, serving a
number of years, and was twice elected
speaker. He was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1839 to
1843. He was appointed assistant post
master-general, and subsequently held the
office of commissioner of Indian affairs.
In 1850 he was a member of the conven
tion called to revise the state constitu
tion, and was chosen chairman. In 1851
and 1852 he was elected lieutenant-govern
or of Ohio, and in 1853 was elected gov
ernor of Ohio. He was appointed first
comptroller of the United States treas
ury. He died Sept. 2, 1865, in Lancaster,
Ohio.
MEECH, EZRA, jurist, legislator, con
gressman, was born July 26, 1773, in New
London, Conn. He settled in Vermont,
and in 1822 and 1823 was elected chief
justice of Chittenden county. He was a
member of the constitutional conventions
of 1822 and 1826. and in 1805 and 1807
was elected to the state legislature. He
was a representative in congress from
Vermont from 1819 to 1821, and again
from 1825 to 1827. In 1841 he was a presi
dential elector. He died Sept. 23, 1856, in
Shelburne, Vt.
MEECH, JEANNETTE DUBOIS, educa
tor, evangelist, was born Aug. 10, 1835,
in Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. For
many years she
taught school in
Philadelphia ; was
principal of the In
dustrial Art school
in Vineland and in
Jersey Shore, Pa.,
and for many years
was a teacher in the
Maryland State In
dustrial School for
Girls. She was li
censed to preach in
South Vineland,
where she was assistant pastor for seven
years; has been county superintendent;
national lecturer in narcotics for the Wo
man's Christian Temperance union; and
has been president of various societies.
MEECH, WILLIAM WITTER, clergy
man, was born in 1825, in North Stoning-
ton, Conn. In 1848 he was licensed to
preach by the First Baptist church of
Norwich, Conn., and two years later was
ordained. He has held pastorates in vari
ous cities, and since 1875 has been pastor
in South Vineland. N. J. In 1862 he was
appointed by Abraham Lincoln as hos
pital chaplain, and served at Newport
News, Louisville and Bowling Green. He
was afterward regimental chaplain, with
the rank of major. He is the author of a
Philadelphia, Pa.
book entitled Quince Culture; is a mem
ber of the New Jersey State Horticul
tural society, and secretary of the Vine-
land Horticultural society.
MEEHAN, THOMAS, nurseryman, jour
nalist, botanist, author, was born March
21, 1826, in England. He has devoted his
life to scientific pursuits, and in early life
had a love for natural history. He has
had charge of a number of botanic gar
dens and in 1853 published Handbook of
American Ornamental Trees. In 1854 he
established the Meehan Nursery; and in
1860 founded the Gardener's Monthly, of
which he was sole editor for thirty years.
In 1880 he established a publication en
titled the Flowers and Ferns of the United
States, which was subsequently merged
into Meehan's Monthly, which is still
published in Philadelphia, Pa. He is
botanist of the board of agriculture of
the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. In
science he became famous through his
study of the relation of sex in plants,
credit for which is given him in the En
cyclopedia Britannica. His life work is
the illustrated Native Flowers and Ferns
of the United States, published by Prang
and Company in book form, and then as a
serial in Meehan's Monthly.
MEEHAN, WILLIAM E., botanist, edi
tor, author, was born Aug. 31, 1853, in
He is the eldest son of
Thomas Meehan, the
eminent botanist. He
followed the florist
business for several
years; during 1885-87
fc«,. I he was editor of a
I newspaper in Ger-
mantown; then be
came a reporter on
the Philadelphia Pub
lic Ledger, and since
1891 has been asso
ciate editor of that
publication. In 1892
he was a member of the Peary Relief ex
pedition to North Greenland, as its bot
anist. He is the author of In Arctic Seas;
The Flora of Greenland; Fish, Fishing
and Fisheries of Pennsylvania, and other
works. He was the originator of the
children's playground movement in Phil
adelphia.
MEEK, ALEXANDER BEAUFORT,
jurist, journalist, author, was born July
]7, 1814, in Columbia, S. C. He was an
Alabama jurist and journalist, and the
author of Red Eagle; Songs and Poems
of the South; and Romantic Passages in
Southern History. He died Nov. 30, 1865,
in Columbus, Miss.
MEEK, FIELDING BRADFORD, palae
ontologist, author, was born Dec. 10,
1817, in Madison, Md. He was a palaeon
tologist in government service, and the
author of Palaeontology of the Upper Mis
souri; Check List of North American In
vertebrate Fossils; and Report on Fossils
of the Upper Missouri Country. He died
Dec. 21, 1876, in Washington, D. C.
MEEKER, BENJAMIN B., lawyer, jur
ist. He was an early emigrant to the
territory of Minnesota. In 1850 he was
_^ s appointed a judge of
• the United States
I court for that dis-
I trict. His judicial
I decisions are to be
I found in the various
I law reports, and
I show great learning.
I He took an active
I part in public affairs,
and contributed nu
merous articles to
literature, which
have been a valuable
acquisition to law literature of the times.
650
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MEEKER, JOSEPH RUSLING, artist,
was born April 21, 1827, in Newark, N. J.
He has shown a special sympathy with
southern scenery, and has successfully
rendered the landscapes of Louisiana.
Among his paintings are The Indian
Chief; The Acadians in the Atchafalaya;
The Vale of Cashmere; The Lotos Eaters;
and Louisiana Bayou.
MEEKER, MOSES, pioneer, author, sol
dier, was born July 17, 1790, in Newark,
N. J. He served in the Wisconsin legis
lature in 1840-43, and in the first constitu
tional convention in 1846. He published
a History of the Early Lead Regions, in
the sixth volume of the Wisconsin His
torical Society Collections. He died July
7, 1865, in Shullsburg, Wis.
MEEKISON, DAVID, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born Nov. 14, 1849,
in Dundee, Scotland. He emigrated with
his parents in 1855 to Napoleon, Ohio,
where he has since resided, except three
years' service in the fourth United States
artillery. He attended the common
schools until his fourteenth year, and then
entered a printing office, and studied
law and was admitted to the bar in 1873.
Although always a democrat he has been
twice appointed to office by republican
authorities, first as town clerk and after
ward as county prosecuting attorney for
the county to fill a vacancy. He was after
ward elected and re-elected to the same
office; in 1881 he was elected probate
judge, and served two terms. In 1886 he
established a banking business in Na
poleon, Ohio, under the name of Meekison
bank, to which he has given his princi
pal attention, except that required by the
duties of mayor of Napoleon, Ohio, in
which office he is now serving his fourth
consecutive term. He was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
MEEKS, EUGENE, artist, was born in
1843 in New York. Most of his profes
sional lite has been passed at Florence,
Italy, and he is an associate of the Flor
ence academy. Among his works are, Lit
tle Nell and Her Grandfather; Bridal
Chamber in Palazzo Manzi-Lucca; Gon
dola Party, Venice; Startling Bit of Gos
sip; and Halt at the Golden Lion.
MEES, CARL LEE, scientist, was born
May 20, 1853, in Columbus, Ohio. He at
tended the Ohio State university, and the
Imperial university of Berlin. For five
years he was professor of physical science
in the Male High school of Louisville,
Ky.; for six years was professor of phys
ics and chemistry in the Ohio university;
since 1887 has been professor of physics in
the Rose Polytechnic institute of Terre
Haute, Ind.; and has been president of
the institution since 1894.
MEGAPOLENSIS, JOHANNES, clergy
man, author, was born in 1603 in Holland.
He was a Dutch clergyman of the New
Amsterdam colony, the first protestant
missionary to the Indians; and the au
thor of Short Account of the Mohawk
Indians. He died in 1670.
MEIGHEN, BENJAMIN F., lawyer, was
born Oct. 31, 1847, in Greene county, Pa.
He attended the South Western Normal
college of New California, Pa.; and in
1873 graduated from the Waynesburg col
lege with the degree of A. M. In 1875 he
was admitted to the bar; has been prose
cuting attorney of Marshall county, W.
Va., for eight years; and has a large prac
tice in Moundsville. For two years he
was chairman of the republican state ex
ecutive committee, and subsequently was
a candidate for judge of the circuit court.
MEIGS, CHARLES DELUCENA, physi
cian, author, was born Feb. 19, 1792, In
Bermuda. He was a noted Philadel
phia physician, professor in Jefferson
Medical college in 1841-61; and the
author of Philadelphia Practice of
Midwifery; Science and Art of Ob
stetrics; Treatment of Child-Bed Fevers;
and Acute and Chronic Diseases of the
Neck of the Uterus. He died June 22, 1869,
in Delaware county, Pa.
MEIGS, HENRY, lawyer, congressman,
was born Oct. 28, 1782, in New Haven,
Conn. He was elected a representative in
congress from New York city from 1819
to 1821. For many years he was an active
officer, recording secretary, and trustee of
the American institute in New York. He
died May 20, 1861, in New York.
MEIGS, JAMES AITKIN, physician,
naturalist, author, was born July 31, 1829,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a physician
•and naturalist of Philadelphia, author of
Cranial Characteristics, and other scien
tific monographs. He died Nov. 9, 1879,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
MEIGS, JOHN FORSYTH, physician,
author, was born Oct. 3, 1818, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia physi
cian; and the author of Memoir of C. D.
Meigs; and Diseases of Children. He died
Dec. 16, 1882, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MEIGS, JOHN RODGERS, soldier, was
born Feb. 9, 1842, in Washington, D. C.
He attained the office of chief engineer of
the army of the Shenandoah, and while
making a military reconnoissance was
shot by guerrillas. He died Oct. 3, 1864,
in Harrisburg, Va.
MEIGS, JOSIAH, educator, public of
ficial, was born Aug. 21, 1757, in Middle-
town, Conn. He was the second man ap
pointed to be commissioner of the general
land office in Washington, having been
appointed in 1814, and remaining in office
until 1822. He died Sept. 4, 1822, in Wash
ington, D. C.
MEIGS, MONTGOMERY C., soldier,
civil engineer, was born May 3, 1816, in
Augusta, Ga. He studied at the univer
sity of Pennsylvania,
and graduated from
the United States
Military academy in
1836. He received
an appointment in
the artillery, but was
transferred to the
corps of engineer
ing. He took a part
in building Fort
Delaware, in the im-
provement in the
uelaware river and
Delaware bay, and in the construc
tion of Forts Wayne, Porter, Niagara
and Ontario. He superintended the
building of the new wings and iron
dome of the capitol extension, the exten
sion of the postoffice department build
ing, and the completion of Fort Madison
in Annapolis. In 1861 he was made quar
termaster-general of the United States
army, with the rank of brigadier-general;
and he continued to hold that office until
his retirement from active service in 1882.
No man did more or better service during
the civil war than Gen. Meigs. He died
Jan. 2, 1892, in Washington, D. C.
MEIGS, RETURN JONATHAN, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, governor,
was born in Middletown, Conn. He was
judge of the supreme court of Ohio; was
a senator in congress from 1808 to 1810;
and was governor of the state from 1810
to 1814. He was appointed postmaster-
general of the United States in 1814, and
held the office nine years. He died March
29, 1825, in Marietta.
MEIGS, RETURN JONATHAN, lawyer,,
author, was born April 14, 1801, in Clark
county, Ky. He was a noted lawyer of
Tennessee; and the author of Reports of
Tennessee Supreme Court Cases; Digest
of Tennessee Decisions; and The Code of
Tennessee.
MEIKLEJOHN, GEORGE D., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Aug.
26, 1857, in Waupaca county, Wis. He was
educated at the State
Normal school of
Oshkosh, Wis.; and
the Michigan univer
sity of Ann Arbor.
He was principal of
the high school of
Weyauwega, his na
tive place; and of
Liscomb, Iowa. In
*' ^••tf*" >• 1880 he graduated
from the law depart
ment of the Michi
gan university; and
since that time, when not in office, he has
practiced law. For three years he was
county attorney for Nance county; was
elected to the state senate of Nebraska in.
1884 and in 1886; and was president of the
senate during his second term. In 1888-
90 he was lieutenant-governor of Ne
braska; and was elected to the fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses as a republic
an. He declined a renomination for con
gress; and in 1897 was appointed assist
ant secretary of war.
MEISTER, CATHERINE B., author,
was born Jan. 16, 1874, in Reading, Pa.
She is the assistant secretary of the
Luther league of America, and the author
of several works.
MEISTER, EMIL, clergyman, journal
ist, was born May 18, 1850, in Germany.
He is prominent as one of the foremost
clergymen of the German evangelical
Lutheran church, and as the founder of
the A. Herr Smith Memorial church of
Lancaster, Pa. He stills edits two maga
zines — the Family Friend, and Church.
Messenger.
MELDRIM, PETER W., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Dec. 4, 1848, in Savannah,
Ga. He received the rudiments of his
education in the public schools, attended
the Chatham academy; and graduated
from the university of Georgia with the
degrees of A. B. and A. M. He has been
mayor of his native city; has been a
member of the Georgia state legislature;
and served with distinction as a member
of the state senate. He is president of the
Alumni society of the university of
Georgia; and is prominent in the public
affairs of his city, county and state.
MELICK, JOHN E., railroad president,
was born Sept. 1, 1855, in Lebanon, N. J.
In 1895 he became president of the Whip-
pany River railroad at Morristown, N. J.
MELINE, JAMES FLORANT, was born
in 1811 in Sackett's Harbor, N. Y. He was
a New York writer, an officer in the feder
al army during the civil war; and the-
author of Two Thousand Miles on Horse
back ; Commercial Traveling; Mary,
Queen of Scots and Her Latest English.
Historian, an attack upon Fronde's view
of the subject; and Life of Sixtus V. He
died Aug. 14, 1873, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
MELISH, JOHN, traveler, author, wa&
born in 1781 in Scotland. He was a noted
traveler of Scottish birth; and the author
of Travels in the United States, etc.; De
scription of the Roads, etc.; Description
of the United States; Necessity of Pro
tecting Manufactures; Information for
Emigrants; and Statistical View of the
United States. He died Sept. 30, 1822, In
Philadelphia., Pa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
651
MELL, PATRICK HUES, clergyman,
author, was born July 19, 1814, in Walth-
ourville, Ga. He was a baptist clergyman
and educator of Georgia, and vice-chan
cellor of the university of Georgia. He
was the author of Baptism; Corrective
Church Discipline; Parliamentary Prac
tice; The Philosophy of Prayer; Church
Polity; and Predestination. He died
Jan. 26, 1888, in Athens, Ga.
MELL, PATRICK HUES, geologist, was
born May 24, 1850, in Penfield, Ga. Dur
ing 1874-77 he was state chemist of
Georgia; during 1884-93 was the director
of the state weather service of Alabama;
and in 1897 was president of the botan
ical section of Agricultural Colleges asso
ciation. He is the author of Botanical
Laboratory Guide; Climatology of Ala
bama; Climatology of Cotton Plant; and
various other works on geology, mining
and botany.
MELLEN, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
business man, legislator, was born May 11,
1837, in Hartford, Conn. He is a success
ful merchant of Great Harrington, Mass.;
and during 1896-97 was a member of the
Massachusetts state legislature.
MELLEN, GRENVILLE, lawyer, au
thor, poet, was born June 19, 1799, in
Biddeford, Maine. He was a lawyer of
New York city, whose poetry was once
very popular and much praised by critics,
but is now forgotten. He was the author
of Our Chronicle of '26, a satire; The
Martyr's Triumph, and Other Poems; The
Passions; Glad Tales and Sad Tales, a
collection of tales in prose; and The Rest
of the Nations. He died Sept. 5, 1841, in
New York.
MELLEN, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1722 in Hopkinton, Mass.
He was pastor of Hanover, Mass., in 1784-
1805, and afterward removed to Reading,
Mass. He published eight occasional
sermons, and Fifteen Discourses on Doc
trinal Subjects. He died in 1807 in Read
ing. Mass.
MELLEN, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1752 in Sterling, Mass. He
was minister of Barnstable, Mass., and
after retiring from the pastorate removed
to Cambridge. He published eight sep
arate sermons and discourses, and two
Dudleian Lectures. He died in 1828 in
Cambridge, Mass.
MELLEN, PRENTISS, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born Oct. 11,
1764, in Sterling, Mass. In 1817 he was
chosen a senator in congress from Massa
chusetts; and a presidential elector in
1817. On the separation of Maine in 1820
he resigned his seat in the senate, and
was elected the first chief justice of the
supreme court of Maine. He died Dec. 31,
1840, in Portland, Maine.
MELLEN, W. H., merchant, educator,
poet, was born Aug. 5, 1840, in Gerry,
N. Y. In 1878 he closed out his mercantile,
business in Cliiiutau-
qua and moved to
Lane, Kan., and sub
sequently to Greeley,
where he took
charge of the city
schools for two
years. He has served
as county register of
deeds and county
treasurer at Garnett;
where he has also
been engaged in the
wholesale and retail
business. He has contributed extensively
to current publications; and some of his
poems have been given a place in Poets of
America and other standard works.
MELLETTE, ARTHUR C., governor,
was born June 23, 1842, in Henry county,
Ind. In 1864 he graduated from the In
diana university, and
immediately entered
the northern army,
serving as a private
in company H, ninth
regiment Indiana
volunteer infantry,
until the close of the
war. He was subse
quently admitted to
the bar; was prose
cuting attorney of
Muncie in 1868;
served as a member
of the Indiana house of representatives
in 1871; and was the author of the In
diana school law which laid the founda
tion of the present excellent public school
system of that state. In 1878 he moved
to Springfield, Dakota territory; was ap
pointed register of the general land office;
and two years later moved to Watertown.
In 1889 he was appointed governor of the
territory; and in 1889 was elected gov
ernor of South Dakota. He was the last
governor of the territory of Dakota, and
the first governor of the state of South
Dakota.
MELLICK, ANDREW D., lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1844 in New Jersey. He
was a lawyer of Plainfield, N. J.; and the
author of The Story of an Old Farm; and
The Hessians in New Jersey. He died in
1895.
MELLISH, DAVID B., journalist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 2, 1831, in Oxford,
Mass. He was for several years a sten
ographer for the civil authorities; and
also wrote for the newspapers. In 1871
he was appointed an assistant appraiser
in the custom house; and in 1872 was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-third congress as a republic
an. He died May 23, 1874, in the Govern
ment Hospital for the Insane.
MELLON, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist,
banker, was born Feb. 13, 1813, in Ire
land. During 1859-70 he held the office of
assistant law judge of the court of com
mon pleas in Pennsylvania, and then de
clined a renomination. In 1870 he opened
the door of the private bank now known
as Thomas Mellon and Sons in Pittsburg,
Pa., and he is yet the head of this concern.
MELOY, JOHN, farmer, legislator, was
born June 18, 1804, in Lancaster county,
Pa. For two terms he served as a mem
ber of the Pennsylvania legislature.
MELSHEIMER, FREDERICK VALEN
TINE, clergyman, educator, was born
Sept. 29, 1749, in Germany. In 1787 he be
came an instructor in Franklin college,
Lancaster, and he was pastor at Han
over, York county, in 1790-1814. He died
July 4, 1814, in Hanover, Pa.
MELVILLE, EUNICE, journalist, was
born June 23, 1863, in Minneiska, Minn.
She is now the editor and publisher of
The National Rebekah of Minneapolis,
Minn., a journal devoted to the woman's
branch of Odd Fellowship throughout the
world. For eight years she has been sec
retary of the Rebekah state assembly of
Minnesota.
MELVILLE, GEORGE WALLACE, civil
engineer, author, was born Jan. 10, 1841,
in New York city. He has been chief of
the bureau of steam engineering in the
United States navy since 1887. He is a
survivor of the ill-fated Jeannette, of
which he was engineer; and the author of
In the Lena Delta, a Narrative of the
Search for Lieutenant-Commander De
Long and His Companions.
MELVILLE, HENRY, bishop coadjutor
of Alabama, was born July 28, 1848, in
Leesburg, Va. He was consecrated bishop,
coadjutor of Alabama in St. Paul's church,
Selma, Ala., in 1891.
MELVILLE, HERMAN, author, poet,
was born Aug. 1, 1819, in New York city.
He was a novelist of New York
city, for many years employed in the-
custom-house. He was the author of
Typee; Omoo; White Jacket; Redburn;
Mardi; Pierre; Israel Potter; The Piazza
Tales; Moby Dick; The Confidence Man;
Battle Pieces, a volume of verse; Clarel,
a poem; John Marr and Other Sailors;
and Timoleon, a collection of poems. He
died Sept. 28, 1891, in New York city.
MENDENHALL, GEORGE, physician,
author, was born May 5, 1814, in Sharon,
Pa. On the organization of the United
States sanitary commission at the begin
ning of the civil war, he was one of the-
associates and president of the Cincinnati
branch of the commission. He was the
author of The Medical Student's Vade-
Mecum. He died June 4, 1874, in Cincin
nati, Ohio.
MENDENHALL, JAMES WILLIAM,
clergyman, author, was born in 1842 in
Ohio. He was a methodist clergyman,
editor of The Methodist Review from
1888; and the author of Echoes from Pal
estine; and Plato and Paul. He died in.
1892.
MENDENHALL, THOMAS CORWIN,
educator, scientist, author, was born Oct.
4, 1841, near Hanoverton, Ohio. He is a
prominent scientist; president of the
Worcester Polytechnic institute from
1894; and author of A Century of Elec
tricity.
MENDOZA, FRANCISCO FELIX, phy
sician, pharmacist, editor, author, was
born July 10, 1851, in Havana, Cuba. He
studied medicine in America and Europe,
and attended the hospitals of Europe.
During 1876-85 he practiced in Pinar Del
Rio and Guines, Cuba; and in 1885-88 he
practiced medicine in Mexico city, Vera
Cruz, Pueblo, and other places. He has
edited different political and medical
newspapers in Mexico and Cuba; and is
the author of the Directorio Biografico
Professional Hispano-Americano. In 1888
he went to Key West, and in 1894 moved
to Tampa, Fla., where he is now actively
engaged in his profession.
MENEES, THOMAS, physician, educat
or, state senator, was born June 26, 1823,
near Nashville. Tenn. In 1874 he was
chosen professor of materia medica and
therapeutics in the university of Nash
ville, and in 1875 he was transferred to the
chair of obstetrics. He was also elected
to the same place in Vanderbilt university
and became dean of its medical depart
ment. He was a member of the Tennessee
state senate in 1857, and of the confeder
ate congress during the civil war.
MENIFEE, RICHARD H., congressman.
He was a member of congress from Ken
tucky from 1837 to 1839. He died Feb. 21,
1841, in Frankfort, Ky.
iviENKEN, ADAH ISAACS, actress,
poet, was born June 15, 1835, near New
Orleans, La. She was an actress of Jew
ish birth whose name originally was Do
lores Adios Fuertes. She was the author
of Memories; and Infelicia. She died
Aug. 10, 1868, in Paris, France.
MENZIES, JOHN W., lawyer, congress
man, was born April 12, 1819, in Fayette
county, Ky. In 1841 he established him
self in Covington, Ky.; and in 1848 and
1855 was elected to the general assembly
of Kentucky. In 1861 he was elected a
representative from Kentucky to the
thirty-seventh congress.
652
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MERCEIN, THOMAS FITZ RAN
DOLPH, clergyman, author, was born
Nov. 27, 1825, in New York city. He was
a methodist clergyman of New York state;
and the author of Natural Goodness; The
Wise Master Builder; and Childhood and
the Church. He died Sept. 15, 1856, in
Sheffield, Mass.
MERCER, ANNE JANE, philanthropist,
was born in October, 1817, in Philadel
phia, Pa. She was well known as a phil
anthropist of her time. She died April 5,
1886, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MERCER, CHARLES FENTON, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, author, was
born June 6, 1778, in Fredericksburg, Va.
From 1810 to 1817 he was a member of the
general assembly of Virginia. In 1813 he
was appointed aid to the governor, and
rose to the rank of brigadier-general of
militia. He was a member of congress
from 1817 to 1840. He was the author of
The Weakness and Inefficiency of the
Government of the United States, which
was not published until 1863. He died
May 4, 1858, in Howard, Va.
MERCER, DAVID H., lawyer, congress
man, was born July 9, 1857, in Benton
county, Iowa. He studied law one year
and then entered the
senior class of the
law department of
Michigan state uni
versity, graduating
in 1882, after which
he returned to
Brownville to prac-
tice his profession.
He served one term
as city clerk and po-
lice Judge; and was
twice elected secre
tary of the republic
an state central committee. He moved to
Omaha in 1885 and for several years was
chairman of the republican city and coun
ty committees; and was elected secretary
of the national republican congressional
committee in 1896. He was elected to the
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses and
re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
republican.
MERCER, GEORGE A., lawyer, author,
was born Feb. 9, 1835, in Savannah, Ga.
From 1872-74 he served in the Georgia
legislature; and was United States dis
trict judge for the southern district of
Georgia.
MERCER, HENRY WILLIAM, clergy
man, author, was born July 13, 1839, in
England. He is the author of a temper
ance work entitled A Root of Bitterness.
MERCER, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1747 in Hampton
-county, Va. He was a member of the house
of burgesses; and a member of all the
Virginia conventions, and of the commit
tee of safety. He was a delegate to the
continental congress in 1779 and 1780; and
a judge of admiralty, and of the first court
of appeals of Virginia. He died in June,
1793, in Hampton county, Va.
MERCER, JESSE, clergyman, was born
Dec. 16, 1769, in Halifax county, N. C. He
has filled pastorates in the baptist
churches in Pennsylvania; and was the
founder of Mercer university. He died
Sept. 6, 1841.
MERCER, JOHN FRANCIS, soldier,
congressman, governor, was born May 17,
1759, in Stafford county, Va. He was a
soldier of the revolution; and was a mem
ber of the old congress fromVirglnia from
1782 to 1785. He was a member, from
Maryland, of the convention which framed
the federal constitution, but did not sign
that instrument. He was a representative
in the new congress from 1792 to 1794.
He was governor of Maryland from 1801
to 1803; and also a member of the legis
lature of that state. He died Aug. 30,
1821, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MERCER, MARGARET, philanthropist,
author, was born in 1792 in Annapolis,
Md. She voluntarily reduced herself
from affluence to poverty by freeing her
slaves and sending them to Liberia, and
she subsequently taught for twenty years
in Virginia. She prepared two volumes
for her pupils, Studies for Bible Classes;
and Ethics, a Series of Lectures to Young
Ladies. She died in June, 1846, in Vir
ginia.
MERCUR, ANNA HUBBARD, poet, was
born in Lancaster, Mass. While at Rut
gers college she took the gold medal for
an essay. Her first published poem was
set to music for the graduating class by
George Root. She has been a constant
contributor to magazines and journals,
and her letters from France and Germany
have been a valuable acquisition to his
torical literature. She is the author of
a work entitled Cosmos and Other Poems,
which contains a number of meritorious
poems.
MERCUR. JAMES, educator, scientist,
author, was born in 1842 in Pennsylvania.
He was a scientist and army officer; pro
fessor at West Point since 1884; and the
author of Elements of the Art of War;
and Military Mines, Blasting, and Demoli
tions. He died in 1896.
MERCUR, ULYSSES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 12, 1818, in
Towanda, Pa. In 1861 he was appointed
president judge of the thirteenth judicial
district of Pennsylvania, and elected to
the office in October following for a term
of ten years, but resigned on being elect
ed, in 1864, a representative from Penn
sylvania to the thirty-ninth congress. He
was re-elected to the fortieth and forty-
first congresses. He died June 6, 1887, in
Wallingford, Pa.
MEREDITH, ELISHA E., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Dec. 26,
1848, in Sumter county, Ala. He served
in the state senate of Virginia from 1883
to 1887; and was presidential elector in
1888. He was elected to the fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses and re-elected
to the fifty-fourth congress as a demo
crat.
MEREDITH, SAMUEL, soldier, finan
cier, congressman, was born in 1740 in
Philadelphia, Pa. He served for a time In
the colonial legislature of Pennsylvania;
and was a delegate from that state to the
continental congress in 1787 and 1788. On
the organization of the federal govern
ment he was appointed treasurer of the
United States, in which office he contin
ued until 1801. when he resigned. He died
March 10, 1817, in Belmont, Pa.
MEREDITH, SOLOMON, soldier, state
legislator, was born May 29, 1810, in Guil-
ford county, N. C. He was chosen sheriff
of Fort Wayne coun
ty, Ind., in 1834 and
1836, thrice elected to
legislature in 1846-
48, and in 1849 be
came United States
marshal for the dis-
trict of Indiana. In
1^54 he was again
chosen to the legis-
I lature. In July, 1861,
!wh*d^^ I he became colonel of
" the nineteenth Indi
ana regiment, which
>aw its first service in Virginia, and lost
half its effective force at Gainesville,
where he was wounded. He died Oct. 21,
1875, in Cambridge City, Ind.
MEREDITH, SULLIVAN AMORY, sol
dier, was born July 5, 1816, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He served in the civil war, and
was promoted to brigadier-general of vol
unteers. He died Dec. 27, 1874, in Buffalo
N. Y.
MEREDITH, WILLIAM MORRIS, law
yer, was born June 8, 1799, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a member of the Penn
sylvania state constitutional convention
of 1837; was secretary of the treasury
from 1849 to 1850; and attorney-general
of Pennsylvania from 1861 to 1867. He
was president of the state constitutional
convention of 1872. He died Aug. 17, 1873,
in Philadelphia.
MERIAM, EBENEZER, meteorologist,
was born June 20, 1794, in Concord, Mass.
He was the originator of the theory of
cycles of atmospherical phenomena, upon
which he published articles that attracted
the attention of scientists at home and
abroad. He began in 1841, at his own ex
pense, the publication of The Municipal
Gazette in New York. He died March 19,
1864, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
MERIWETHER, DAVID, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1755 in Virginia.
In 1785 he settled in Wilkes county, Ga.,
which he represented in the legislature
for several terms. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1802
to 1807. He died Nov. 16, 1822, near Ath
ens, Ga.
MERIWETHER, DAVID, governor,
United States senator, was born Oct. 30,
1800, in Louisa county, Va. He was a sen
ator in congress from Kentucky for one
session in 1852; and was appointed in
1853 governor of the territory of New
Mexico.
MERIWETHER, MRS. ELIZABETH
[AVERY], author, was born in 1832 in
Tennessee. She is a novelist of Memphis,
Tenn.; and the author of The Master of
Red Leaf; Black and White; The Ku
Klux Klan; and My First and Last Love.
MERIWETHER, I. A., congressman,
was born in Georgia. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1841 to 1843.
MERIWETHER, JAMES, congressman,
was born in Wilkes county, Ga. He was
a representative in congress from Georgia
from 1825 to 1827.
MERIWETHER, LEE, public official,
author, was born Dec. 25, 1862, in Colum
bus, Miss. He is a special agent of the
United States bureau of labor; and the
author of A Tramp Trip: How to See
Europe on Fifty Cents a Day; The Tramp
at Home; and Afloat and Ashore on the
Mediterranean.
MERKLIN, LEON CHARLES, linguist,
was born in 1740 in New Orleans, La.
He is known by several treatises on the
North American Indian dialects, which he
pretended to have learned in trading with
the Indians. He died in 1797 in Paris,
France.
MERREFIELD, JOSEPH, author, poet,
was born Dec. 19, 1820, in Franklin, Ohio.
He has been secretary of the Maryland
Historical society; president of the soci
ety for the Protection of Children, and
an officer in many charitable institutions.
He is now treasurer of the Johns Hopkins
hospital of Baltimore. He is the author
of two prose stories; and numerous
poems.
MERRELL, EDWARD H., educator, col
lege president, was born April 15, 1835, in
New Hartford, N. Y. Since 1862 he has
been professor in the Ripon college, Wis
consin, of which institution he was presi
dent during 1876-91, and now fills the
chair of philosophy.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
653
MERRIAM, AUGUSTUS CHAPMAN,
educator, author, was born in 1843 in New
York. He was a Greek scholar; adjunct
professor of Greek at Columbia college;
and the author of Law Code of Gortynia
in Crete; Inscriptions on the Obelisk
Crab; The Phoenicians of Homer; and
Sixth and Seventh Books of Herodotus.
He died in 1895.
MERRIAM, CHARLES, publisher, phi
lanthropist, was born Nov. 21, 1806, in
West Brookfield. Mass. He was active
in benevolent works and contributed
?5,000 and numerous books for the estab
lishment of a public library in Spring
field. He bequeathed $50,000 to mission
ary, Bible and other religious societies.
He died July 9, 1887, in Springfield, Mass.
MERRIAM, CLINTON HART, natural
ist, author, was born in 1855 in New York.
He is a naturalist of note, chief of the
United States biological survey; and the
author of Vertebrates of the Adirondack
Region; and Mammals of the Adiron-
dacks.
MERRIAM, CLINTON L., merchant,
banker, congressman, was born March 25,
1824, in Leyden, N. Y. He was elected
from New York to the forty-second and
forty-third congresses as a republican.
MERRIAM, FLORENCE AUGUSTA,
author, was born in 1863 in New York.
She is a Washington writer; and the au
thor of A-Birding on a Bronco; My Sum
mer in a Mormon Village; and Birds
Through an Opera Glass.
MERRIAM, FRANK F., journalist, leg
islator, was born Dec. 22, 1865, in Hopkin-
ton, Iowa. He is the editor and propri
etor of the Hopkinton Leader in Iowa;
and served with distinction as a member
of the twenty-sixth and twenty-seventh
general assemblies of the Iowa state leg
islature.
MERRIAM, GEORGE, publisher, was
born Jan. 20, 1803, in Worcester, Mass.
In 1831 he removed to Springfield with
his brother and established in 1832 the
publishing house of G. and C. Merriam.
Their earliest publications were law
books, editions of the Bible, and school
books. He died June 22, 1880, in Spring
field, Mass.
MERRIAM, GEORGE SPRING, author,
was born in 1843 in Maine. He is the au
thor of A Living Faith; Life and Times
of Samuel Bowles; The Way of Life;
The Story of William and Lucy Smith; A
Symphony of the Spirit; The Chief End
of Man; and Reminiscences and Letters
of Caroline C. Briggs.
MERRIAM, WILLIAM RUSH, govern
or, was born July 26, 1849, at Wadham's
Mills, N. Y. When eleven years of age
he moved with his
I parents to Minne
sota, and has since
resided in St. Paul,
except when at col
lege in Racine, Wis.
For awhile he was
clerk in the First
National bank; was
appointed cashier of
the Merchant's Na
tional bank in 1873;
was elected its vice-
president in 1881;
and since 1882 has been president of that
institution. In 1882 he was elected to
the Minnesota state legislature; was again
elected in 1886, and was chosen speaker.
In 1888 he was elected governor of Minne
sota, and received the re-election two
years later. He is a liberal contributor
to charitable enterprises; has been prom
inently interested in agricultural matters;
has served as vice-nresident and presi
dent of the State Agricultural association.
MERRICK, CAROLINA ELIZABETH,
reformer, was born Nov. 24, 1825, in Cot
tage Hall, La. She was educated by pri
vate tutors, and re
ceived instruction
from the professors
in the college at
Jackson, La. She
has been president of
the Foreign Mission
ary society of the
methodist church;
and other societies.
She formed the first
suffragesociety inthe
state of Louisiana,
and was elected its
president. For ten years she has been the
president of the Woman's Christian Tem
perance union of Louisiana; and for the
same length of time her husband was
chief justice of Louisiana.
MERRICK, EDWIN T., lawyer, jurist,
was born July 9, 1809, in Wilbraham,
Mass. He served as district judge of the
Florida parishes and was twice chief
justice of Louisiana. He died Jan. 12, 1897.
MERRICK, FREDERICK, educator, col
lege president, was born in 1810, in Wil
braham, Mass. In 1860 he was elected
president of the Ohio Wesleyan univer
sity, resigning in 1875.
MERRICK, JAMES LYMAN, mission
ary, author, poet, was born Oct. 11, 1803,
in Monson, Mass. During 1834-45 he was
a missionary in Persia; and subsequently
was pastor of the congregational church
of Amherst. He was the author of Pil
grim's Harp, a volume of poems; Life
and Religion of Mohammed; and a Gene
alogy of the Merrick Family. He died
June 18, 1866, in Amherst, Mass.
MERRICK, PLINY, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, was born Aug. 2, 1794, in Brook-
field, Mass. In 1827 he was a representa
tive in the legislature for Worcester; in
1843 became judge of the court of common
pleas; and in 1844 of the municipal
court. He was a state senator in 1850;
and during 1853-64 was judge of the Mas
sachusetts supreme court. He died Feb.
1, 1867, in Boston, Mass.
MERRICK, SAMUEL VAUGHAN, man
ufacturer, was born May 4, 1801, in Hal-
lowell, Maine. He studied engineering,
and about 1835 established at Philadelphia
the Southwark iron foundry, which be
came the finest work of the kind in this
country. He died Aug. 18, 1870, in Phila
delphia.
MERRICK, WILLIAM DUHURST,
United States senator, was born Oct. 25,
1793, in Annapolis, Md. He served in the
United States senate from 1838 to 1845.
He was the author of the cheap postage
scheme in congress. He died Feb. 5, 1857,
in Washington, D. C.
MERRICK, WILLIAM MATTHEWS,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Sept. 1, 1818, in Charles county, Md. In
1S54 he was appointed associate judge of
the United States circuit court of the
District of Columbia; when this court
was abolished, in 1863, he retired to Mary
land to the practice of his profession. In
1866 and 1867 he was senior professor of
law in Columbian college; and was elect
ed to the Maryland legislature in 1870.
He was a representative to the forty-sec
ond congress as a democrat. In 1885 he
was appointed an associate justice of the
supreme court of the District of Columbia.
He died Feb. 4, 1889, in Washington, D. C.
MERRILL, AYRES PHILLIPS, physi
cian, author, was born April 17, 1793, in
Pittsfield, Mass. He was a physician of
Memphis, and subsequently of New York
city; and the author of Lectures on Fev
ers. He died Nov. 3, 1873, in New York.
MERRILL, CHARLES AMOS, lawyer,
editor, was born Sept. 23, 1843, in Bos
ton, Mass. He attended the Concord High
school; Dartmouth
college for two
years; and the Wes-
^^^ leyan university for
•w flg^. twoyears, from
which latter institu
tion he graduated in
1864; graduated from
the Columbia Law
school in 1868, and a
year later from the
Harvard Law school.
He has been secre
tary of sergeant-at-
arms of the United States; secretary of
Senator Patterson; examiner in division
of referred claims of paymaster-general's
office; and paymaster's clerk United
States army; and editor of the Supple
ment to the Massachusetts Statutes. He
is now one of the foremost lawyers of
New England, and has a lucrative prac
tice at Worcester, Mass.
MERRILL, DANIEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born March 18, 1765, in Row
ley, Md. After serving three years in the
revolutionary army he entered Dartmouth,
where he was graduated in 1789. He then
studied theology and was licensed to
preach in 1791. He was a founder and
efficient friend of Waterville college, serv
ing as trustee for twelve years after its
organization. He published Eight Let
ters on Open Communion; Letters Occa
sioned by the Rev. Samuel Worcester's
Two Discourses; Mode and Subjects of
Baptism Examined, with a Miniature His
tory of Baptism; and Balaam Disappoint
ed. He died June 3, 1833, in Sedgwick,
Maine.
MERRILL, FRANK THAYER, artist,
was born in 1848, in Boston, Mass. He
has attained success as an artist; among
his best known works are: Lalla Rookh;
Prince and the Pauper; Courtship of
Miles Standish; My Days and Nights on
the Battlefield; The Man "Without a
Country; and Rip Van Winkle.
MERRILL, GEORGE PERKINS, edu
cator, lecturer, author, was born May 31,
1854, in Auburn, Maine. He is a geologist,
professor in Columbian university, Wash
ington, from 1893; and the author of
Stones for Building and Decoration; and
Handbook of the Geological Department,
Smithsonian Institution.
MERRILL, GEORGE W., soldier, law
yer, legislator, was born June 26, 1837, in
Turner, Maine. He entered the union
army, and was commissioned first lieu
tenant of company F, sixtieth regiment of
Indiana volunteers; and subsequently to
major of his regiment. He removed to
Nevada, and engaged in the practice of h'is
profession. He was district attorney for
about twelve years; and in 1880 was elect
ed a representative in the state legislature,
and at the session of 1881 was elected
speaker. In 1883 he was appointed land
attorney of the state; and in 1885 was
appointed minister resident of the United
States to the Hawaiian Islands.
MERRILL, LEWIS, soldier, was born
Oct. 28, 1834, in New Berlin, Pa. He or
ganized a regiment of Missouri volunteer
cavalry, of which he was appointed col
onel, and the regiment was called Mer
rill's Horse.
MERRILL, MOODY, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born June 27, 1836, in Camp-
ton, N. H. In 1868 he was elected to the
Massachusetts house of representatives;
in 1873-74 was a member of the senate;
and after retiring from political life be
came president of the Highland Street
railway of Boston.
•654
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MERRILL, ORSAMUS C., lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, congressman, was born
in 1776 in Vermont. He was a representa
tive in congress from Vermont from 1817
to 1820. He also held the positions of
county attorney for two years; state coun
cilor for four years; state senator for one
year; register of probate for two years;
and judge of probate for six years. He
died April 11, 1865, in Bennington.
MERRILL, SAMUEL, merchant, soldier,
legislator, governor, was born Aug. 7,
1822, in Turner, Maine. In 1854 he was
elected to the New Hampshire state legis
lature. He went to Iowa in 1856; and in
1860 was elected to the legislature of that
state. He was subsequently elected gov
ernor of Iowa, serving in that capacity
from 1868 to 1872.
MERRILL, SELAH, clergyman, author,
was born May 2, 1837, in Canton, Conn.
He is a congregational clergyman and
archaeologist, United States consul at
Jerusalem in 1882-86. He is the author of
East of the Jordan; Galilee in the Time
of Christ; Greek Inscriptions Collected in
1875-77 East of the Jordan; and The Site
of Calvary.
MERRILL, SHERBURN SANBORN,
railroad manager, was born July 28, 1818,
in Alexandria, N. H. In 1865 he became
general manager of the Chicago and
Northwestern railroad in Milwaukee.
MERRILL, STEPHEN MASON, bishop,
author, was born Sept. 16, 1825, in Jeffer
son county, Ohio. He is a methodist bish
op in Ohio; and the author of Christian
Baptism; New Testament Idea of Hell;
The Second Coming of Christ; Aspects
of Christian Experience; Digest of Meth
odist Law; Outlines of Thought on Pro
bation; and Mary of Nazareth and Her
Family.
MERRILL, WILLIAM BRADFORD,
journalist, was born Feb. 27, 1861, in Salis
bury, N. H. In 1891 he became managing
editor of The New York Press, which po
sition he still holds.
MERRILL, WILLIAM EMORY, mili
tary engineer, author, was born Oct. 11,
1837, in Wisconsin. He is a military en
gineer in the United States army; and the
author of Iron Truss Bridges; and Im
provement of Tidal Rivers.
MERRIMAN, EDWARD MUNROE, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was born June 11,
1843, in Auburn, N. Y. In 1867 he gradu
ated from the United States Military
academy of West Point; and during 1867-
71 was lieutenant in the first regiment
United States artillery. He Is a success
ful lawyer in Little Rock, Ark.; and for
four successive terms has been judge of
the county court of Arkansas.
MERRIMAN, MANSFIELD, civil en
gineer, educator, author, was born March
27, 1848, in Southington, Conn. He is a
civil engineer, professor at Lehigh univer
sity since 1881; and the author of Con
tinuous Bridges; Elements of the Method
of Least Squares; The Figure of the
Earth; Mechanics of Materials; Treatise
on Hydraulics; Text-Book on Retaining
Walls and Masonry Dams; Introduction
to Geodetic Surveying; and Text-Book
on Roofs and Bridges.
MERRIMAN, TRUMAN ADAMS, sol
dier, lawyer, journalist, congressman, was
born Sept. 5, 1839, in Auburn, N. Y. He
entered the union army in 1861 as captain
in the ninety-second New York infantry,
and was mustered out of service in 1864
as lieutenant-colonel. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-ninth congress, and was re-
elected to the fiftieth congress as a demo
crat.
MERRIMON, AUGUSTUS SUMMER-
FIELD, jurist, legislator, United States
senator, was born Sept. 15, 1830, in North
Carolina. He was a member of the leg
islature of North Carolina in 1860, and
was elected a judge of the superior court
in 1866, but in 1867 resigned rather than
obey a military order. He was elected to
the United States senate for the term
commencing in 1873 and ending in 1879.
MERRITT, ANNA LEA, artist, author,
was born Sept. 13, 1844, in Philadelphia,
Pa. Of her pictures Eve Overcome by Re
morse has attracted the most attention.
She published a memorial 01 her husband
entitled Henry Merritt's Art Criticism
and Romance, with Recollections and
Twenty-three Etchings.
MERRITT, SAMUEL A., state senator,
congressman, was born Aug. 15, 1828, in
Staunton, Va. He was county clerk in
California in 1850; a member of the state
assembly in 1851 and 1852; a member of
the state senate in 1857-62, and was elect
ed to the forty-second congress as a demo
crat.
MERRITT, TIMOTHY, clergyman, jour
nalist, was born in October, 1775, in Bark-
hamsted, Conn. He was a methodist cler
gyman and journalist, and the author of
Christian Manual; Convert's Guide; Dis
cussion Against Universal Salvation;
Validity of Infant Baptism; and Lectures
on Universal Salvation. He died May 2,
1845, in Lynn, Mass.
MERRITT, WESLEY, soldier, was born
June 16, 1836, in New York city. For
gallant and meritorious services during
the battle of Gettysburg he was brevet-
ted major.
MERTON, HOLMES WHITTIER, lec
turer, author, was born April 5, 1860, In
Lebanon, Ohio. He has delivered a thou
sand lectures on human government and
education; and has discovered important
laws in biology and physiology. Among
his works are Descriptive Mentality; and
The Harmonic Republic. In painting he
has executed the Muscles of an Athlete;
with many large paintings on anatomy
and histology.
MERVIN, ORANGE, congressman, was
born in Litchfield, Conn. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Connecticut
from 1825 to 1829.
MERVINE, WILLIAM, naval officer,
was born in 1790 in Pennsylvania. He
entered the navy, and was made midship
man in 1809. He was placed on the re
tired list in 1861, promoted commodore in
1862 and rear-admiral in 1866. He died
Sept. 15, 1868, in Utica, N. Y.
MERWIN, ELIAS, lawyer, author, was
born in 1825 in Connecticut. He was a
Boston lawyer, professor of equity in
Boston university from 1854, and the au
thor of The Principles of Equity and
Equity Pleading. He died in 1891.
MERWIN, J. B., journalist. As the
editor of the American Journal of Edu
cation his power has been felt throughout
the United States, for, with pen and voice,
he is constantly pleading for large and
better systems of education.
MESERVE, FRANK PIERCE, mer
chant, was born Nov. 30, 1852, in Roches
ter, N. H. He attended the West Lebanon
academy, Maine, and subsequently moved
to Redlands, Cal., where he is a success
ful clothing merchant. For four years he
was a member of the city council, and for
two years was library trustee. In 1894 he
was a candidate for the California state
assembly. He is a prominent member of
various fraternal orders, and takes an
active part in public affairs.
MESICK, WILLIAM S., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 26, 1856, in New
ark, N. Y. Since 1881 he has been in ac
tive practice of the law; and held the
office of prosecuting attorney of Antrim
county, Mich., for one term. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
MESSENGER, LILLIAN ROZELL,
poet, was born in 1853 in Kentucky. In
1886 she published a volume of prose and
verse entitled Fragments from an Old
Inn; and the following year appeared
The Vision of Gold, and Other Poems;
and The Southern Cross is her latest vol
ume. These works contain many rare
gems of thought that entitle her to a
laurel wreath of fame as a national poet.
MESSER, ASA, educator, college presi
dent, was born in 1769 in Methuen, Mass.
After six years of service he was
advanced in 1796 to the professor
ship of learned languages in the Brown
university. In 1799 he was trans
ferred to the chair of mamematics and
natural philosophy, and on the resignation
of Jonathan Maxcy in 1802 was appointed
president of the college. He died Oct. 11,
1836, in Providence, R. I.
MESSINGER, ROBERT HINCKLEY,
poet, was born in 1811 in Boston, Mass.
His poems were written between 1827 and
1832, and appeared in the New York Am
erican. The principal one, Give Me the
Old, was published in that journal in 1838.
He died Oct. 1, 1874, in Stamford, Conn.
MESSLER, ABRAHAM, clergyman,
was born Nov. 15, 1800, in Whitehouse,
N. J. He was pastor of the reformed
Dutch churches in Pompton Plains and
in Montville from 1829 till 1832, and be
came subsequently pastor of the churches
of this denomination in Raritan and Som-
erville, N. J. His publications include
Fruits of Early Piety; St. Paul's Gratitude
to Onesiphorus; and Sermon on the Death
of President Lincoln. He died June 12,
1882, in Somerville, N. J.
MESSMER, SEBASTIAN SEBBARD,
clergyman, bishop, was born Aug. 29, 1847,
in Switzerland. For eight years he was
professor of theology in South Orange, N.
J., and for two years professor of canon
law in the Catholic university of Wash
ington, D. C. Since 1892 he has been
bishop of the diocese of Green Bay, Wis.
METCALF, ARUNAH, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1811 to 1813; and subsequently
served four years in the assembly of New
York from Otsego county.
METCALF, LORETTUS BUTTON,
journalist, was born Oct. 17, 1837, in Mon-
mouth, Maine. In 1886 he founded The
Forum, of which he was editor-in-chief
for five years, when he moved to Florida
and established in Jacksonville The Flor
ida Citizen.
METCALF, MASON JEROME, inventor,
was born Oct. 16, 1807, in Fairfax, Maine.
His most important invention was a meth
od of producing letter-stencils by means
of dies, which he was the first to practice
and bring into use. He died July 23, 1883,
in Monmouth, Maine.
METCALF, RALPH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, governor, was born Nov. 21,
1798, in Charlestown, N. H. He began
the practice of law at Newport, N. H., in
1826, and was secretary of state for sev
eral years from 1830. He was register of
probate for Sullivan county in 1845, and
was chairman of the committee for com
piling the laws of the state in 1852. He
was governor of New Hampshire in 1855
and 1856. He died Aug. 26, 1858. In Clare-
mont, N. H,
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
655
METCAL.F, RICHARD, clergyman, au-
'thor, was born Aug. 19, 1829, in Provi-
•dence, R. I. He was a Unitarian clergy
man, pastor at Winchester, Mass., in 1866-
81; and the author of Letter and Spirit;
and The Abiding Memory, a collection of
Sermons. He died June 30, 1881, in Win
chester, Mass.
METCALF, THERON, lawyer, jurist,
.author, was born uct. 16, 1784, in Frank
lin, Mass. He was a jurist of Massachu
setts; and the author of Principles of the
Law of Contracts; Digest of Massachu
setts Supreme Court Cases in 1816-23; and
Reports, in 1840-49. He died Nov. 12,
1875, in Boston, Mass.
METCALFE, HENRY, educator, author,
was born Oct. 29, 1847, in New York city.
He is an instructor of ordnance at West
Point who has published The Cost of
Manufactures; and Ordnance and Gun
nery.
METCALFE, HENRY B., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Jan. 20, 1805,
in Albany, N. Y. He was county judge
from 1847 to 1874, when he was elected a
representative from New York to the
forty-fourth congress.
METCALFE, JOHN A., lawyer, orator,
was born April 19, 1853, in Clark county,
Ky. For many years he taught school
in Illinois, and since 1884 has practiced
law in Iowa, and has a lucrative practice
in Newton. As a political orator he is
well known in the west, and lectured ex
tensively during the political campaign of
1896, gaining a reputation as a brilliant
and patriotic platform speaker.
METCALFE, LYNE SHACKELFORD,
soldier, merchant, congressman, was born
April 21, 1822, in Madisonville, Ky. He
•moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1863; served in
the city council there, and was elected
a representative from Missouri to the for
ty-fifth congress as a republican.
METCALFE, SAMUEL L., scientist,
physician, author, was born Sept. 21, 1798,
near Winchester, Va. He was a physician
and scientist of New York city, and the
author of Narratives of Indian Warfare
in the West; New Theory of Terrestrial
Magnetism; and Caloric. He died July
17, 1856, in Cape May, N. J.
METCALFE, THOMAS, soldier, state
"legislator, congressman, governor, United
States senator, was born March 20, 1780,
'in Fauquier county, Va. He was a mem
ber of the Kentucky legislature for sev
eral years. He was a representative in
<congress from 1819 to 1829, when he was
elected governor of Kentucky, which of
fice he held until 1833. In 1834 he was
elected to the state senate, and in 1840
"was chosen president of the board of in
ternal improvement. In 1848 he was ap
pointed and elected to fill the unexpired
term of Mr. Crittenden in the senate of
the United States. He died Aug. 18, 1855,
in Nicholas county, Ky.
METEER, JOHN, lawyer, journalist,
^vas born Dec. 11, 1872, in Parsons, Kan.
He is the editor and part owner of The Ad
vocate of Richfield, Utah; and a lawyer
•of that city. He is prominent in political
affairs; was twice elected chairman of
the Richfield republicans; and has taken
an active part in the material advance
ment of his city and county.
METTKE, HANS, musician, composer,
-was born July 24, 1856, in Posen. He has
Ttublished numerous compositions for
~voice, piano and orchestra, and is the
author of numerous letters on musical
•history.
MEYER, ADOLPH, soldier, planter,
•congressman, was born Oct. 19, 1842.
He was elected from Louisiana to the
JHfty-second, fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a democrat.
MEYER, CORNELIA BEEBEE, the
wife of the Hon. John Meyer of Newton,
Iowa, was born Sept. 8, 1832, in Bristol,
N. Y. In 1853 she
graduated from the
Oberlin college, Ohio,
and was one of the
most active, perse
vering and self-sac
rificing for others'
good in her time.
Previously she had
received the rudi
ments of her educa
tion in the public
schools, in which she
also was a teacher.
She was an untiring worker and leader
during the war in the Woman's Relief
corps; and was ever active in the Wo
man's Christian Temperance union, Young
Men's Christian association, the W. S. A.
and the Y. P. S. C. E., always spending
her time in things promotive for good. In
1853 she was married to Mr. Meyer, and
was a leader in the religious and educa
tional affairs of Newton, Iowa, until her
death on July 24, 1895.
MEYER, JOHN, soldier, farmer, mer
chant, legislator, was born Feb. 26, 1826,
near Bellefonte, Pa. In 1846 he attended
the Mifflinburg acad
emy, Pennsylvania;
in 1853 he graduated
from the Oberlin col-
^^ ^ lege, Ohio, and sub-
I sequently taught in
the common and ac
ademic schools, and
in Oberlin college. In
| 1861 he was a repre-
• •">, ,1^ sentative in the ninth
|^- I general assembly of
•^A. / \ iaB Iowa. In 1862 he
was captain of com
pany K, twenty-eighth regiment Iowa
volunteer infantry; served three years in
the war; was in many hard-fought bat
tles, and for bravery was commissioned
major and colonel. In 1865 he was elected
state senator, and served in the eleventh
and twelfth assemblies, and again served
with distinction in the seventeenth and
eighteenth general assemblies. In 1878 he
was a Grant elector; has been trustee and
treasurer of the Iowa Soldiers' Orphans'
home; has been a trustee of the Iowa
college since 1860; for sixteen years was
chairman of the committee of instruc
tion and instructors; for twelve years was
president of the school board; to? ten
years was city councilman of Newton,
Iowa; and was an original abolitionist
and a conductor on the underground rail
road.
MEYER, LUCY RIDER, educator, jour
nalist, author, was born in September,
1849, in Weybridge, Vt. She is the found
er and principal of the Chicago Training
school; also founder of the deaconess
work of the methodist episcopal church of
America; and editor-in-chief of the Dea
coness Advocate.
MEYERHARDT, MAX, lawyer, jurist,
was born Oct. 24, 1855, in Germany. When
a year old he came to America with his
parents, and was educated in Nashville,
Tenn., and Rome, Ga. He is an able law
yer of Rome, Ga., of which city he has
been a member of the board of education
for fourteen years. He has been city at
torney and county attorney; and has
served with distinction as judge of his
city and county. He is a prominent Ma
son, and has filled several of the highest
offices in that order.
MEYERS, BENJAMIN F., journalist,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman,
was born July 6, 1833, in Centreville, Pa.
He was a member of the Pennsylvania
state legislature in 1864, and a delegate
to the democratic national convention in
1864. He became editor and proprietor of
the Bedford Gazette in 1857, and one of
the proprietors and editor-in-chief of the
Harrisburg Daily Pairiot in 1868. He was
elected to the forty-second congress.
MICHEL, JOHN ALFRED, public offi
cial, financier, was born Aug. 7, 1836, in
New Orleans, La. He has filled numerous
positions of trust in Brownsville, Texas;
has been county assessor, president of the
city council, collector of taxes, and during
1893-97 was collector of customs for the
district of Brazos de Santiago.
MICHEL, JOHN T., lawyer, legislator,
was born in May, 1838, in Jefferson, La.
In 1892 he was elected a member of the
Louisiana house of representatives, and in
1896 he was secretary of state of Louisi
ana.
MICHELSON, ALBERT ABRAHAM,
physicist, author, was born Dec. 19, 1852,
in Poland. His researches at the United
States naval academy during 1878-80 re
sulted in his experimental determination
of the velocity of light as 186,305 miles a
second.
MICHIE, PETER SMITH, engineer, ed
ucator, author, was born March 24, 1839,
in Scotland. He is a military engineer,
professor of mathematics at West Point
since 1871, and the author of Wave Mo
tion Relating to Sound and Light; Life
of General Upton; Analytical Mechanics;
Hydromechanics; and Practical Astron
omy.
MIDDLESWARTH, NER, state legisla
tor, congressman, was born about 1780 in
New Jersey. On moving to Pennsylvania
he was elected to the state legislature and
made speaker. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1853 to 1855. He died June 2, 1865,
in Beavertown, Pa.
MIDDLETON, ARTHUR, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born
June 26, 1742, in Middleton Place, S. C.
He was the author of the first draft of
the South Carolina state constitution. He
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1776 to 1778, and again from 1781
to 1783, and signed the declaration of in
dependence. He served frequently in the
state legislature. He died Jan. 1, 1787,
in Goose Creek, S. C.
MIDDLETON, EDWARD, naval officer.
He entered the United States navy in
1828, and in 1876 was made rear-admiral.
He died April 27, 1883, in Washington,
D. C.
MIDDLETON, GEORGE, state legislat
or, congressman, was born Oct. 14, 1811,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was twice elect
ed to the legislature of New Jersey, and
was elected a representative from New
Jersey to the thirty-eighth congress.
MIDDLETON, HENRY, congressman,
was born in 1717 in South Carolina. He
was a delegate from South Carolina to the
continental congress from 1774 to 1776,
and was the second member called to
officiate as president of that body. He
died June 13, 1784, in Charleston, S. C.
MIDDLETON, HENRY, state legislator,
state senator, congressman, governor, was
born in 1771 in Middleton Place, S. C. He
was chosen a representative in the South
Carolina state legislature in 1801, and
then state senator until elected governor
in 1810. From 1815 to 1819 he was a rep
resentative in congress, and in 1820 was
appointed minister to Russia, which posi
tion he filled for many years. He died
June 14, 1846, in Charleston, S. C.
656
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MIDDLETON, HENRY, author, was
born March 16, 1797, in France. He was
a prominent writer of Charleston, and
the author of Prospects of Disunion; The
Government and the Currency; Economi
cal Causes of Slavery in the United States,
and Obstacles to Its Abolition; The Gov
ernment of India; and Universal Suffrage.
He died March 15, 1878, in Washington,
D. C.
MIDDLETON, JOHN IZARD, author,
was born in 1785 in Middleton Place, S.
C. His work on Grecian Remains in
Italy, etc., was the first contribution made
by an American to the knowledge of clas
sical antiquity. He died in November,
1849, in France.
MIDDLETON, JOHN IZARD, state leg
islator, was born Feb. 3, 1800, in Middle-
ton Place, S. C. He became a large rice
planter in Prince George, S. C., represent
ing that parish in the state legislature
from 1832 till 1840, and in 1848 was speak
er of the house. He died Jan. 12, 1877, in
Summerville, S. C.
MIEGE, JOHN BAPTIST, bishop, was
born Sept. 18, 1815, in Savoy. In 1851 he
was consecrated bishop of Messena; and
shortly afterward built an industrial
school for the Osages. In 1877 he founded
a college in Detroit, Mich. He died July
20, 1884, in Woodstock, Md.
MIELZINER, MOSES, rabbi, author,
was born in 1828 in Germany. In 1879 he
was elected professor of the Talmud and
the rabbinical disciplines of the Hebrew
Union college of Cincinnati, Ohio. He has
also published a number of sermons, lec
tures, and scholarly articles in German,
Danish and English, and some occasional
poems in classical Hebrew.
MIERS, ROBERT W., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Jan. 27, 1848, in Decatur county, Ind. He
is a graduate of both
I the literary and the
I law departments of
| Indiana university,
I and commenced the
| practice of law at
Bloomington, Ind.,
in April, 1872. He
was elected prosecut
ing attorney for the
tenth judicial circuit
of Indiana in 1875,
and re-elected in
1877. He was elect
ed to the house of representatives of the
Indiana legislature in 1879, and was a
trustee of the Indiana university from
1881 to 1893. He was appointed judge of
the tenth judicial circuit of Indiana in
1883 to fill an unexpired term, and was
elected judge of the same circuit in 1890
and served as judge until 1896. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
MIFFLIN, THOMAS, soldier, state leg
islator, congressman, governor, was born
in 1744 in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1772 he
was a representative
from Philadelphia in
the provincial as
sembly, and was a
delegate to the con
tinental congress
from Pennsylvania
from 1774 to 1776. He
distinguished him
self as major in the
army at the battle of
Lexington, and In
1777 attained the
rank of major-gen
eral. In 1782 he was again sent as a del
egate to the continental congress, serving
until 1783, and was president of that body.
In 1785 he was speaker of the state legis
lature, and in 1787 was a member of the
convention which framed the constitution
of the United States, and signed that in
strument. In 1788 he was made president
of the supreme executive council. In 1790
he was a member of the convention for
framing the state constitution of Pennsyl
vania, and was chosen first governor, and
served nine years, and was again sent to
the legislature. He died Jan. 20, 1800, in
Lancaster, Pa.
MIFFLIN, WARNER, reformer, was
born Oct. 21, 1745, in Accomac county,
Va. His efforts to bring about emanci
pation of slaves were untiring. He died
Oct. 16, 1798, in Camden, Del.
MIGNOT, LOUIS REMY, painter, was
born in 1831 in Charleston, S. C. Among
his earlier pictures are Twilight in the
Tropics; Southern Harvest; Tropical
Scenery; and Source of the Susquehanna,
which was exhibited at the Paris exposi
tion of 1867. He also painted Niagara,
a view from the American side. He ex
hibited at the Royal academy in Lon
don, Lagoon of Guayaquil, South America;
and A Winter Morning, in 1863; Evening
in the Tropics, in 1865; and Under the
Equator, in 1866. He died in September,
1870, in England.
MILAM, JOHN HENRY, lawyer, was
born Dec. 5, 1865, in Warren county, N.
C. He attended the Oakville academy
and the university of North Carolina, and
is now one of the leading lawyers of the
south, at Warrenton, N. C.
MILBURN, WILLIAM E. F., soldier, ed
ucator, lawyer, legislator, was born Nov.
15, 1842, in Milburnton, Tenn. In 1871 he
graduated from the Grant university, and
in 1874 from the university of Michigan,
with the degree of A. M. During the war
he served in the United States army as
first sergeant and first lieutenant in com
pany B, twelfth regiment Tennessee vol
unteer cavalry, and was in twenty-seven
engagements. During 1871-73 he was pro
fessor of mathematics in the Grant uni
versity; has been a member of the board
of education of Greeneville, Tenn.; a di
rector in the Greene County bank, and
commander of the department of Tennes
see, Grand Army of the Republic. For
four years he served with distinction as a
member of the Tennessee state legislat
ure, and is one of the foremost lawyers of
the south.
MILBURN, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, author, was born Sept. 26, 1823, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a methodist cler
gyman, famous as
the blind preacher,
who has been six
times chaplain of the
United States house
of representatives;
and the author of
Rifle, Axe, and Sad
dle Bags; Ten Years
of Preacher Life;
and Pioneers and
People of the Missis
sippi Valley. He has
also contributed ex
tensively to current and religious publica
tions of the United States.
MILES, FREDERICK, merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born Dec. 19,
1815, in Goshen, Conn. He was elected a
state senator for a term of two years,
resigned in 1879, having been elected a
representative from Connecticut to the
forty-sixth congress. He was re-elected to
the forty-seventh congress; declined a re-
nomination; and was re-elected to the
fifty-first congress as a republican.
MILES, GEORGE HENRY, lawyer, ed
ucator, author, poet, was born July 31,
1824, in Baltimore, Md. He was a Mary
land lawyer and educator, and professor
of English literature at Mount St. Mary's
college, Emmettsburg, Md. Besides his
dramas, Cromwell; Mahomet; De Soto, he
published Christine, and Other Poems; Abu
Hassan the Wag, or the Sleeper Awak
ened; A Review of Hamlet; and The
Truce of God. He died July 23, 1871, in
Emmettsburg, Md.
MILES, GEORGE WASHINGTON, ed
ucator, scientist, was born May 14, 1859, in
Fort Adams, Miss. He graduated from the
_ State university of
Missouri with the
degree of M. S. He
has attained success
in educational work;
has been superin
tendent of schools;
and is now professor
of geology, mineral
ogy and astronomy
in the New Mexico
college of agriculture
and mechanic arts of
Mesilla Park, N. M.
He has accomplished considerable original
work in astronomy and geology, and re
ceived the astronomical medal when he
graduated with the degree of A. B. at
the Missouri State university in 1884. He
has since contributed many valuable arti
cles to scientific papers, and is a member
of various scientific associations.
MILES, HENRY ADOLPHUS, clergy
man, author, was born May 30, 1809, in
Grafton, Mass. He was a Unitarian cler
gyman of eastern Massachusetts, and the
author of Lowell as It Was and Is; Grains
of Gold; Gospel Narratives; Words of a
Friend; Modern Ideas of the Birth of
Jesus; and Traces of Picture Writing in
the Bible. He died in 1895.
MILES, JAMES WARLEY, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 24, 1818, in Charles
ton, S. C. He was an episcopal clergy
man of Charleston, and the author of
Philosophic Theology, or Ultimate
Grounds of all Religious Belief Based on
Reason. He died in August, 1875, in
Charleston, S. C.
MILES, JOSHUA WELDON, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 9, 1858, in
Somerset county, Md. He was elected
state's attorney of Somerset county, Md.,
in 1883, and was elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a democrat.
MILES, NELSON APPLETON, soldier,
author, was born Aug. 8, 1839, in West
minster, Mass. He is a noted soldier of
the United States
army who served as
a brigadier-general
of volunteers during
the civil war. He
became a major-gen
eral in 1890. He has
successfully conduct
ed Indian campaigns,
and has on several
occasions prevented
Indian wars by ju
dicious and humane
settlement of difficul
ties without the use of military power. He
is now commander-in-chief of the United
States army. He is the author of Personal
Recollections.
MILES, PLINY, traveler, author, was
born Nov. 16, 1818, in Watertown, N. Y.
He was a traveler who made his home in
London in his later years, and the author
of Statistical Register; Elements of Mne-
motechny, or Art of Memory; Northu-
fari, or Rambles in Iceland; Ocean Steam
Navigation; and Postal Reform. He died
April 7, 1865, on the Island of Malt.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA CF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
657
MILES, RICHARD PIUS, Roman cath
olic bishop, was born May 17, 1791, in
Prince George county, Md. In 1837 the
see of Nashville, embracing the state of
Tennessee, was created, and in 1838 he
was consecrated its first bishop. He died
Feb. 17, 1860, in Nashville, Tenn.
MILES, THADDEUS WHITE, educator,
lawyer, was born Feb. 11, 1874, in Carth
age, Mo. He received his education at the
Friends' Polytechnic institute and the
Capital Business college of Salem, Ore.
He has taught in the commercial and
shorthand departments of the Southern
Oregon State Normal school, and is now
engaged in the practice of law.
MILES, WILLIAM PORCHER, educa
tor, soldier, congressman, was born July
4, 1828, in Charleston, S. C. He was for
several years assistant professor of math
ematics in Charleston college. He was
mayor of Charleston in 1856 and 1857. He
was elected a representative from South
Carolina to the thirty-fifth congress, and
re-elected to the thirty-sixth congress. He
was re-elected to the thirty-seventh con
gress; was elected a member of the South
Carolina seceding convention in 1860; and
resigned his seat in congress. He served
as a colonel in the confederate army and
as a member of the confederate congress.
MILEY, JOHN, clergyman, educator,
author, was born in 1813 in Ohio. He
was a methodist minister and educator;
and professor of systematic theology in
Drew seminary, Madison, N. J., since 1873.
He was the author of The Atonement in
Christ; and Systematic Theology. He
died in 1895.
MILHAN, JOHN J. DE, soldier, physi
cian, was born Dec. 23, 1828, in France.
He served through the civil war and for
meritorious services received the rank of
brigadier-general.
MILLAR, A. B., educator, college presi
dent, was born Oct. 16, 1829, in Browns
ville, Pa. In 1853 he graduated from the
Waynesburg college; and for forty years
has been its president.
MILLAR, ALEXANDER COPELAND,
educator, clergyman, state legislator, was
born May 17, 1861, in McKeesport, Pa. He
has served as a member of the state legis
lature; and is now the president of Hen-
dricks college of Conway, Ark.
MILLARD, DAVID, clergyman, educa
tor, author, was born Nov. 24, 1794, in
Ballston, N. Y. He was a minister of the
Christian denomination, professor at
Meadville seminary, Pennsylvania, in
1845-67; and the author of The True Mes
siah Exalted; and Journal of Travels in
Egypt. He died Aug. 3, 1873, in Jackson,
Mich.
MILLARD, DAVID E., clergyman, au
thor, was born March 16, 1829, in West
Bloomfield, N. Y. In 1852 he graduated
from the Meadville Theological seminary
of Pennsylvania. He has filled pastorates
in his native city, in New Bedford, Mass.,
Jackson, Marshall, and Belding, Mich.;
and has been president of the Michigan
Christian conference. During the war Mr.
Millard and his wife were united in the
military agency under the appointment of
the governor of Michigan, with headquar
ters at Washington, D. C., and did most
efficient service. He is the author of nu
merous religious and secular articles, and
a poet of rare ability.
MILLARD, H. HIRST, clergyman, was
born Jan. 20, 1857, in Arcola, Va. He at
tended Mount Vernon college and the
Drew Theological seminary, receiving the
degree of A. M. He is one of the most
eloquent and popular clergymen of the
42
north Nebraska conference; and is now
pastor of the methodist episcopal church
of Wayne, Neb.
MILLARD, HARRISON, soldier, musi
cian, poet, was born Nov. 27, 1829, in
Boston, Mass. His best-known songs are
Waiting; When the Tide Comes In; Vi
va L'America; Under the Daisies; and
Say not Farewell.
MILLARD, STEPHEN C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Jan. 14, 1841, in Stan
ford, Vt. He was elected to the forty-
eighth congress from New York; and re
ceived the re-election to the forty-ninth
congress.
MILLEDGE, JOHN, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, United States senator,
governor, was born in Savannah, Ga. He
sened in the Georgia legislature; in 1780
was appointed attorney-general of the
state, and governor in 1802. He was a
representative in congress from 1792 to
1802, excepting one term; and a senator
of the United States from 1806 to 1809.
He was the principal founder of the uni
versity of Georgia, and presented the land
which forms its site. He died Feb. 9, 1818,
in Sand Hills.
MILLEDOLER, PHILIP, college presi
dent, was born Sept. 22, 1775, in Rhine-
beck, N. Y. He was for several years pres
ident of Rutgers col
lege, New Jersey;
and was one of the
founders of the
American Bible so
ciety. In 1800 he
moved to Philadel
phia; was settled
over the Third Pres
byterian church; and
in 1804 became pas
tor of the Collegiate
Presbyterian church
es in New York city,
with special care of the Rutgers Street
church in 1805. His publications include
many sermons and addresses. He died
Sept. 23, 1852, on Staten Island, N. Y.
MILLEN, JOHN, lawyer, state legisla
tor, congressman, was born in 1804, in
Savannah, Ga. He served in the legisla
ture of Georgia. He was elected from
Georgia to the national house of repre
sentatives in the twenty-eighth congress.
He died Oct. 15, 1843, near Savannah, Ga.
MILLEN, LORING R., railroad presi
dent, was born Oct. 9, 1857, in Savannah,
Ga. Since 1888 he has been president of
the Millen and Southern railway.
MILLER, A. C., physician, lecturer,
was born Sept. 7, 1832, in Salt Creek,
Ohio. During the entire civil war he
served as surgeon. In 1875 he settled in
Cleveland, Ohio, and took a leading part
in the reorganization of the faculty of the
medical department of the Wooster uni
versity. He died June 21, 1886.
MILLER, A. C., educator, college presi
dent. In 1887 he was called to the presi
dency of Hendrix college, which was then
called the Central Collegiate institute,
which office he still holds.
MILLER, ADALINE DICKMAN, educa
tor, editor, was born July 26, 1859, in
West Union, Iowa. She received the de
gree of B. S. from the Western college of
Toledo, Iowa; and received the degree of
M. S. from the same institution three
years later. She has filled the chair of
history and literature, and also ancient
languages, in the Avalon college, Mo. She
has also taught German in various insti
tutions. She has contributed extensively
to current literature; and has been the
editor of various publications.
MILLER, ANDREW G., lawyer, jurist,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was an
early emigrant to Wisconsin; and was
one of the earliest territorial judges.
About the year 1849 he was appointed
United States judge for the district of
Wisconsin, residing at Milwaukee.
MILLER, MRS. ANNIE [JENNESS],
publisher, author, was born in 1859 in
New Hampshire. She is a dress reformer
of New York city, publisher of The Jen-
ness Miller Magazine; and the author of
Physical Beauty; Mother and Babe; and
Barbara Thayer, a novel.
MILLER, CHARLES HENRY, artist,
author, was born March 20, 1842, in New
York city. This well-known landscape
painter was called by Bayard Taylor the
artistic discoverer of the little continent
of Long Island. He is president of the
Art club of New York, and other societies.
He is the author of The Philosophy of Art
in America.
MILLER, CHARLES RANSOM, jour
nalist, was born Jan. 17, 1849, in Hanover,
N. H. In 1872 he graduated from Dart
mouth college; and for several years was
associated with the Springfield Republic
an. Since 1879 he has been connected
with the New York Times; after serving
in various capacities he became editorial
writer in 1881; and since 1883 has been
editor-in-chief of that publication.
MILLER, CINCINNATUS HINER—
Joaquin Miller — author, poet, was born
Nov. 10, 1841, in Wabash district, Ind. He
is a poet and prose writer who, after a
life of adventure in California, went to
London in 1870, and speedily became fa
mous as the author of Songs of the Sier
ras. Since 1887 he has lived in Oakland,
Cal. He is the author of Songs of the
Sierras; The Ship of the Desert; Songs
of the Sunland; in prose: The Danites
in the Sierras; Shadows of Shasta; Me-
morie and Rime; '49, or the Gold Seek
ers of the Sierras; The One Fair Wo
man; The Destruction of Gotham; and
The Building of the City Beautiful, a po
etic romance.
MILLER, DANIEL F., lawyer, legisla
tor, poet, was born Oct. 4, 1814, near Frost-
burgh, Md. For forty years Mr. Miller
was a member of the Iowa territorial leg
islature, and during 1850-51 was a member
of congress. Since 1835 he has followed
the profession of law, and is now a resi
dent of Keokuk, Iowa. He is the author
of a number of meritorious poems.
MILLER, DANIEL H., congressman,
was born in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1823 to 1831. He died about 1880.
MILLER, EDMUND BOSTON, clergy
man, was born Feb. 2, 1853, in Greenville,
S. C. He attended the Southwestern Bap
tist university of
Jackson, Tenn., dur
ing 1876-80; and the
Southern Baptist
Theological semi
nary of Louisville,
Ky., during 1880-83,
and received the de
gree of D. D. During
i,ssn-'.i;; he \\us pus-
tor of the First Bap-
tist church of Gre-
nada, Miss.; and
since 1893 has been
pastor of the First Baptist church of
Arkadelphia, Ark. In 1892-93 he was vice-
president of the home mission board; in
1895-97 was vice-president of the foreign
mission board; and since 1893 he has been
financial secretary of the board of min
isterial education, Ouachita college.
658
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MILLER, EDWARD, physician, lectur
er, was born May 9, 1760, in Dover, Del.
He became resident physician of New
York city in 1803, professor of the prac
tice of medicine in the university of New
York in 1807, and clinical lecturer in New
York hospital in 1809. He died March 17,
1812, in New York city.
MILLER, ELEAZER HUTCHINSON,
artist, was born Feb. 28, 1831, in Shep-
herdstown, Va. He has attained a na
tional reputation as a successful artist.
He took up that fascinating but difficult
branch of the fine arts, and achieved a
marked success.
MILLER, ELIHU SPENCER, lawyer,
educator, author, poet, was born Sept. 3,
1817, in Princeton, N. J. He was a law
yer of Philadelphia; professor in the uni
versity of Pennsylvania; and the author of
Treatise on the Law of Partition by Writ
in Pennsylvania; and Caprices, a volume
of verse. He died March 6, 1878, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
MILLER, MRS. EMILY HUNTINGTON,
educator, author, was born in 1833 in
Connecticut. She is an educator of Evans-
ton, 111., president of the Woman's col
lege of the Northwestern university, and
a popular writer of semi-religious fiction
for young people. She is the author of
From Avalon, and Other Poems; The
Royal Road to Fortune; The Kirkwood
Series; Caplain Fritz; and Little Neigh
bors.
MILLER, EZRA, inventor, jurist, law
yer, state senator, was born May 12, 1812,
in New Jersey. In 1842 he moved to Wis
consin and settled in Magnolia, where he
was soon elected justice of the peace for
two terms. In 1852 he was chosen a state
senator and served one term, refusing a
renomination.
MILLER, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS,
naval officer, was born June 12, 1842, in
Elkton, Md. In 1861 he entered the navy
as a volunteer offi
cer; served during
the civil war; and
three years after it
was transferred to
the regular service.
In 1870 he was com
missioned a lieuten
ant; was promoted
to lieutenant com
mander in 1882; and
retired in 1885. In
1877 he was connect
ed with the bureau of
equipment; during 1877-79 was on the
Portsmouth, engaged in special service;
also on special service during 1879-81 on
the Ticonderoga; and the Colorado in
1881-83.
MILLER, GEORGE F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 5, 1809, in Chil-
lisquaquo, Pa. He was secretary of the
Lewlsburg university in Pennsylvania. In
1864 he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the thirty-ninth congress;
and re-elected to the fortieth congress.
MILLER, GEORGE M., educator, poet,
was born May 21, 1872, in Cleversburg,
Pa. After receiving a liberal education
he entered educational work. He has con
tributed extensively to the periodical
press, and is the author of a number of
meritorious poems.
MILLER, MRS. HARRIET MANN, au
thor, was born in 1831 in New York. She
Is a writer of Brooklyn; and the author
of a Bird-Lover In the West; Little
Brothers of the Air; Bird-Ways; In Nest
ing Time; Four-Handed Folk; Little
Folks in Feathers and Fur; Nimpo's Trou
bles; Queer Pets at Marcy's; Our Home
Pets; and Little People of Asia.
MILLER, HENRY, physician, educator,
author, was born Nov. 1, 1800, in Lexing
ton, Ky. He was professor of obstetrics
and the diseases of women and children
in Louisville university till 1869, when he
became professor emeritus. He pub
lished A Treatise on Human Parturition.
He died Feb. 9, 1874, in Louisville, Ky.
MILLER, HENRY, educator, merchant,
lawyer, jurist, was born Feb. 19, 1849, in
Germany. In 1892 he was elected munici
pal judge of Marathon county, Wis. ; and
two years later became county judge. In
1897 he was again elected to the latter of
fice for term ending in 1902.
MILLER, HENRY C., pioneer, farmer,
was born April 17, 1820, in Clermont coun
ty, Ohio. He moved to Decatur county.
Ind., when it was an unbroken forest,
abounding in deer, wolves and bears. He
helped to build the first railroad in the
state; has been a justice of the peace;
has filled various positions of trust; and
received the nomination for representa
tive in the Indiana state legislature.
MILLER, HERBERT J., journalist,
state senator, was born July 13, 1855, in
Deerfield, Wis. He is the editor and own
er of the Rock County Herald of Luverne,
Minn. In 1894 he was elected to the Min
nesota state senate, receiving the re-elec
tion in 1898.
MILLER, HOMER VIRGIL MILTON,
United States senator, was born April 29.
1814, in Pendleton district, S. C. In 1SGS
he was elected a United States senator
from Georgia; and in 1890 was appointed
principal physician of the penitentiary of
Georgia.
MILLER, HUGH J., lawyer, jurist, was
born Dec. 31. 1866, in Genoa, Minn. He
received a liberal education in the publ'r;
school; was engaged
in educational work
for five years; and
subsequently gradu
ated from the uni
versity of Michigan
with the degree of
LL. B. He has at
tained success as a
lawyer in Living
ston, Mont; has been
county attorney of
Park county during
1891-94; and has held
various other public positions of trust. On
April 19, 1897, Gov. Robert B. Smith ap
pointed him judge advocate of Montana,
with the rank of major, on his official
staff.
MILLER, IRVIN, clergyman, legislator,
was born Nov. 11, 1836, in Lebanon, Ky.
In 1855 he moved to Mississippi; served in
the confederate army in company K, sec
ond regiment Mississippi cavalry, Gen.
Armstrong's brigade. In 1865 he was li
censed to preach; was ordained deacon in
1869; and elder in 1873; and has since
attained prominence as a successful cler
gyman of the methodist episcopal church,
south. In 1890 he represented Leake coun
ty in the Mississippi constitutional con
vention; and in 1896 served as a member
of the Mississippi state senate.
MILLER, IRVING J. A., journalist, po
et, was born Oct. 14, 1866, in Worcester,
Ohio. He is the author of a volume en
titled Fireside Poems.
MILLER, J. ALLEN, clergyman, educa
tor, college president, was born Aug. 2,
1866, in Rossville, Ind. He was a member
of the parliament of religions during the
Columbian exposition. This popular edu
cator is the president of the Ashland uni
versity, Ohio.
many.
MILLER, JACOB, soldier, musician,
artist, was born July 24, 1833, in Ger-
Early in life he took an active
interest in revolu
tionary movements,
and in 1853 emigrat
ed to the United
States. During the
civil war he served
in the third regiment
Wisconsin volunteer
cavalry, and served
on detail duty most
of the time. Since
1859 he has been
prominently identi
fied with the busi
ness and public affairs of Menomonie,
Wis.; has been treasurer for a number of
years, and filled various other positions
of trust. He is a musician of ability, and
for many years taught music and drawing,
and his paintings have received first prem
iums in numerous art exhibitions.
MILLER, JACOB F.. lawyer, state leg
islator, was born Nov. 25, 1837, in Claver-
ack, N. Y. In 1861 he was admitted to
the bar; and has practiced his profession
in the city of New York since that time.
He was a member of the New York legis
lature in 1883.
MILLER, JACOB WELSH, lawyer,
United States senator, was born in No
vember, 1800, in German Valley, N. J. He
was a senator in congress from New Jer
sey from 3841 until 1853. He died Sept.
30, 1862, in Morristown, N. J.
MILLER, JAMES, soldier, governor,
was born April 25, 1776, in Peterborough,
N. H. He entered the army in 1808 as a
major; in 1812 was brevetted a colonel
for gallantry at Fort George; and was
subsequently made a major-general and
received a gold medal from congress. He
was made governor of the territory of Ar
kansas, where he served until 1825; and
from that year until 1849 was collector of
customs at Salem, Mass. He died July 7,
1851, in Temple, N. H.
MILLER, JAMES FERGURSON, naval
officer, was born April 29, 1805, in Peter
borough, N. H. He served through the
Mexican war, but in consequence of Af
rican fever, from which he never fully re
covered, was placed in the reserved list
in 1855. He became commander on the
retired list in 1861, and commodore in
1867. He died July 11, 1868, in Boston,
Mass.
MILLER, JAMES FRANCIS, lawyer,
congressman, was born Aug. 1, 1832, In
Tennessee. He never was a candidate
for or held any public office until elected
a representative from Texas to the forty-
eighth congress; and was re-elected to the
forty-ninth congress as a democrat.
MILLER, JAMES RUSSELL, clergy
man, author, was born in 1840 in Penn
sylvania. He is a presbyterian clergy
man of Philadelphia; and the author of
Week Day Religion; Home Making; In
His Steps; Silent Time; Come Ye Apart;
The Marriage Altar; Practical Religion;
Bits of Pasture; Making the Most of Life;
Mary of Bethany; The Dew of Thy Youth;
and The Every Day of Life.
MILLER, JESSE, congressman, gov
ernor. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1836 to
1837. He was appointed first auditor of
the treasury, and held the position until
1841. He was canal commissioner of
Pennsylvania in 1845 and 1846; and was
secretary of state from 1846 to 1848, serv
ing for a short time as acting governor of
the state. He died Aug. 20, 1850, in Har-
risburg.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
659
MILLER, JOHN, jurist, state legislator,
congressman, was born Nov. 10, 1774, in
Amenia, N. Y. From 1812 to 1821 he
•was a justice of the peace in New York.
He was a member of the state legislature
in 1817, 1820 and 1845; and was a repre
sentative from New York to the nine
teenth congress. He died in March, 1862.
MILLER, JOHN, soldier, journalist,
congressman, governor, was born in 1780
in Steubenville, Ohio. He was appointed
register of the land office in Missouri. He
was subsequently elected governor of the
state, serving from 1826 to 1832. He was
a representative in congress from Mis
souri from 1837 to 1843. He died March
18, 1846, near Florrissant, Mo.
MILLER, JOHN, soldier, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 6, 1819, in Princeton,
N. J. He was a presbyterian clergyman
who was a colonel in the confederate
army during the civil war, and who lived
in Princeton, New Jersey, from 1871. He
was tried for heresy, but allowed to with
draw from the presbytery, and subse
quently established several independent
churches in the vicinity of Princeton. He
was the author of Design of the Church;
Commentary on the Proverbs; Fetich in
Theology: Metaphysics; Are Souls Im
mortal?; Was Christ in Adam?; Is God a
Creed?; Theology; and Commentary on
Romans. He died in 1895.
MILLER, JOHN A., scientist, inventor,
was born June 17, 1840, in Germany. In
1853 he emigrated with his parents to the
United States and settled in St. Louis,
Mo. By trade he is a practical watch
maker, and has attained prominence as a
scientist and inventor, and is one of the
leading promoters of distributing weather
signals. He lives in Cairo, 111., and in
1894-95 was grand chancellor of the
Knights of Pythias.
MILLER. JOHN F., merchant, banker,
was born April 9, 1836, in Germany. He
emigrated to America in 1857, and worked
on the railroads in
Minnesota, and in
the brickyards of
that state. Since 1880
he has been engaged
principally in the
lumber business, and
is vice-president of
the Beaver Dam
Lumber company of
Cumberland, Wis. In
1883 he established
the bank of Cumber
land; is now its pres
ident. He has taken an active part in the
public affairs of his town, and laid out,
platted and owns the best part of same.
MILLER, JOHN FRANKLIN, soldier,
United States senator, was born Nov. 21,
1831, in South Bend, Ind. He served
throughout the war, rising to the rank of
brigadier-general and brevet major-gen
eral. He was elected a senator of the
United States from California for the term
of six years from 1881. He died March 8,
1886, in Washington.
MILLER, JOHN G., state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1812 in Ken
tucky. In 1835 he moved to Missouri;
and in 1840 was elected to the state legis
lature. From 1853 to the time of his
death he was a representative in congress
from Missouri. He died May 11, 1856, in
Saline county, Mo.
MILLER. JOHN K., congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1847 to
1851.
MILLER, JONATHAN P., reformer,
was born in 1797 in Randolph, Vt. He in
troduced anti-slavery resolutions into the
Vermont legislature in 1833. He was a
delegate from his state to the world's an
ti-slavery convention in London in 1840.
He died in 1847 in Montpelier.
MILLER, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in Ohio. He was
elected a representative from that state to
the thirty-fifth congress. He was subse
quently appointed United States judge for
the territory of Nebraska.
MILLER, JOSEPH NELSON, naval offi
cer, was born Nov. 22, 1836, in Ohio. He
entered the navy in 1851, became past
midshipman in 1856, master in 1858, lieu
tenant in 1860, and lieutenant-commander
in 1872.
MILLER, KILLIAN, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born July 30,
1785, in Claverack, N. Y. In 1824 and
1827 he was a member of the New York
general assembly; in 1837 was elected
county clerk, which office he held for three
years; and in 1854 was chosen a represen
tative in the thirty-fourth congress.
MILLER, LEWIS, manufacturer, in
ventor, was born Aug. 24, 1829. In 1851
he went to Greentown to enter the
factory of Ball, Ault-
man and Company,
manufacturers
of plows and mow
ing and threshing
machines. In the fall
of the same year, the
works were moved to
Canton, 0. He soon
became superinten
dent, and in 1855 he
invented the Buck
eye mower, and reap
er. Since then he has
hundred inventions,
having been aided in his early experi
ments by his brother. In 1863 a new
farm implements firm was organized un
der the name of Aultman, Miller and Com
pany, which established factories in Akron
and Canton, Ohio, and in 1864 Mr. Miller
moved to Akron.
MILLER, LUCAS M., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
1824 in Greece. He moved to the territory
of Wisconsin and settled in Oshkosh in
1846. In 1853 he was a member of the
Wisconsin legislature. He was one of the
commissioners of the state board of public
works; and for the last ten years has been
chairman of the county board of super
visors of Winnebago county. He was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
MILLER, MADISON, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born Feb. 6, 1811,
in Mercer, Pa. In 1865 he received the
brevet of brigadier-general for meritorious
service at Wilson's Creek and Shiloh. He
was in the Missouri senate in 1865, and
since 1867 has been fund commissioner
of the Missouri railroad.
MILLER, MRS. MINNIE [WILLIS]
[BAINES], author, was born in 1845 in
New Hampshire. She is a religious
writer of Springfield, Ohio; and the au
thor of The Silent Land; His Cousin, the
Doctor; and The Pilgrim Vision.
MILLER, MORRIS SMITH, soldier,
was born April 2, 1814, in Utica, N. Y. He
served during the Canada border disturb
ances, was in the Florida and Mexican
wars, and ' in 1861, as quartermaster at
Washington, D. C., was responsible for
all the arrangements for the arrival of
troops to defend the capital. He died
March 11, 1870, in New Orleans, La.
patented about a
MILLER, MORRIS S., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1769. He was a
representative in congress from New
York from 1813 to 1815. In 1819 he was
appointed a commissioner to superintend
a treaty with the Seneca Indians; and
was also judge of a county court. He
died Nov. 15, 1824, in Utica, N. Y.
MILLER, NATHAN, congressman, was
born about 1750 in Rhode Island. He was
a delegate to the continental congress
from Rhode Island in 1785 and 1786. He
died in 1787 in Rhode Island.
MILLER, ORRIN L., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Jan. 11, 1856, in
Newburg, Maine. In 1887 he was ap
pointed district judge for the twenty-ninth
judicial district of Kansas; and in No
vember of the same year was elected to
that office for four years. He was elected
to the fifty-fourth congress as a repub
lican.
MILLER. PLEASANT M., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1809 to 1811.
MILLER, RICHARD THOMPSON, law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 16, 1845, in
Cape May City, N. J. He received his
education at Potts-
town, Pa., and at
Easton, Conn.; and
subsequently re
ceived instruction at
the West Jersey acad
emy of Bridgeton, N.
J., and from private
tutors. He soon ac
quired prominence as
an able lawyer; was
elected city solicitor
of Cape May City, and
prosecutor of pleas
for Cape May county. He has served with
distinction as district judge of Camden
City; law judge of Camden county; and
is now circuit court judge of New Jer
sey. He is prominent in the public af
fairs of his state; and ranks high in sev
eral fraternal orders.
MILLER, ROSWELL. railroad presi
dent. Since 1890 he has been president
of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul
railroad.
MILLER, RUFUS W., clergyman, jour
nalist, author, was born May 12, 1862, in
Easton, Pa. He was the founder of the
Brotherhood of Andrew and Philip; is the
editor of The Brotherhood Star, in Read
ing, Pa.; and the author of What a Young
Boy Ought to Know.
MILLER, RUTGER B., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative from that state to the twenty-
fourth congress to fill a vacancy.
MILLER, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 31, 1769, in Dover, Del. He
was a presbyterian clergyman, pastor of
the Brick church, New York city, in 1793-
1813, and professor of ecclesiastical his
tory at Princeton Theological seminary
for the remainder of his life. He was the
author of Presbyterianism the Truly
Primitive and Apostolic Constitution of
the Church of Christ; Letters on Clerical
Habits and Manners; Letters on Unitar
ians; Life of Jonathan Edwards; Letters
on the Christian Ministry; and Letters on
Church Government. He died Jan. 7, 1850,
in Princeton, N. J.
MILLER, SAMUEL, lawyer, clergyman,
author, was born Jan. 23, 1816, in Prince
ton, N. J. He was principal of the West
Jersey collegiate institute in 1845-57, and
from 1857 till 1873 was in charge of the
church in Oceanic, N. J. He published
Report of the Presbyterian Church Case.
He died Oct. 12, 1883, in Mount Holly.
N. J.
660
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MILLER, SAMUEL F., state legislator,
congressman, was born May 27, 1827, in
Franklin, N. Y. In 1854 he was elected to
the New York legislature; and in 1850 and
1857 was supervisor of Franklin. He was
for fifteen years identified as colonel with
the state militia. In 1862 he was elected
a representative from New York to the
thirty-eighth congress. He was elected
to the forty-fourth congress.
MILLER, SAMUEL FREEMAN, physi
cian, lawyer, jurist, author, was born
April 5, 1816, in Richmond, Ky. He set
tled in Iowa and became one of the lead
ers of the republican party in that state.
In 1862 he was appointed a justice of the
supreme court of the United States. He
was the author of The Supreme Court of
the United States, a series of biographies;
and Reports of Supreme Court Decisions.
He died Oct. 12, 1890, in Washington, D. C.
MILLER, SAMUEL H., lawyer, journal
ist, congressman, was born April 19, 1840,
in Mercer county, Pa. He was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-seventh and forty-eighth congresses
as a republican.
MILLER, SMITH, agriculturist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in
North Carolina. He was a member of both
branches of the legislature of Indiana;
and was a representative in congress from
1853 to 1855.
MILLER, SOLOMON, journalist, legisla
tor, was born Jan. 22, 1831, near Lafayette,
Ind. He commenced life as a printer, and
became founder of the Troy (Kas.) Chief
in 1857. He was a member of the Kansas
legislature in 1862, and state senator for
four terms. This veteran editor still con
tinues his editorial work.
MILLER STEPHEN, governor, was
born Jan. 7, 1816, in Perry county, Pa.
He was governor of Minnesota from 1863
to 1866. He died Aug. 18, 1881, in Worth-
ington, Minn.
MILLER, STEPHEN DECATUR, law
yer, United States senator, governor, was
born in May, 1787. in Waxsaw settlement,
S. C. He served in the South Carolina
senate in 1822; represented his native
state in the lower house of congress from
1814 to 1819; and was governor of South
Carolina from 1828 to 1830. He was elect
ed a senator in congress for the term
from 1831 to 1837, but resigned on account
of his health at the end of two years. He
died March 8, 1838, in Raymond, Miss.
MILLER, STEPHEN FRANKS, lawyer,
author, was born about 1810 in North
Carolina. He was a once noted Georgia
lawyer; and the author of Bench and Bar
of Georgia; Wilkins Wylder, or the Suc
cessful Man; and Memoir of General
Blackshear and the War in Georgia. He
died in 1867 in Oglethorpe, Ga.
MILLER, STERLING JACKSON, edu
cator, public official, clergyman, was born
June 1, 1868, near Spencer, W. Va. He at
tended the West Virginia Conference
seminary; Marshall college; the West
Virginia university; and the Franklin col
lege of Ohio, from which latter institu
tion he received the degree of Ph. B. He
taught school for several years; then en
tered mercantile business; and has filled
various public positions of trust. He is a
member of the West Virginia conference
of the methodist episcopal church; has
filled several pastorates; and is now filling
a pastorate in Morgantown, W. Va.
MILLER, THEODORE, lawyer, jurist,
was born in May, 1816, in Hudson, N. Y.
He was made associate justice of the court
of appeals of New York in 1874 and held
office till 1886, when he was retired on
account of age.
MILLER, THOMAS E., lawyer, state
legislator, state senator, congressman, was
born June 17, 1849, in Ferrybeeville, S. C.
He was elected to the lower house of the
South Carolina legislature in 1874, 1876 and
1878, and to the state senate in 1880. He was
returned to the lower house in 1886; and
in 1878 he was nominated by his party for
lieutenant-governor of South Carolina. He
was nominated by the republicans in 1888
and elected to the fifty-first congress, but
was counted out by the democratic return
ing boards.
MILLER, THOMAS J., manufacturer,
state senator, was born Oct. 30, 1857, in
North Annville, Pa. For many years he
has been a successful manufacturer of
cigars in Olympia, Wash., where he also
owns an extensive prune orchard. In
1896 he was elected a member of the
Washington state senate.
MILLER, WARNER, soldier, manufac
turer, state legislator, congressman, United
Statessenator, was born Aug. 12, 1838, in Os-
wego county, N. Y. He was elected a rep
resentative in the New York state legis
lature in 1874 and 1875. He was elected a
representative from New York to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses;
and elected a senator of the United States
from New York to fill a vacancy in 1881.
MILLER, WARREN, jurist, state legis
lator, congressman, was born April 2, 1847,
in Meigs county, Ohio. He served as as
sistant prosecuting attorney for Jackson
county, W. Va., one term and as prose
cuting attorney eight years from 1881. He
was a member of the West Virginia legis
lature in 1890-91. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican.
MILLER, WILLIAM, state legislator,
governor, was born in Warren county, N.
C. From 1810 to 1814 he served in the
North Carolina legislature and was gov
ernor of the state from 1814 to 1817.
MILLER, WILLIAM, founder of the
sect of Millerites, was born April 24, 1781,
in Pittsfield, Mass. In 1833 he began to
predict that the end of the world would
come in 1843, when the faithful would be
translated. His followers, who are said
to have numbered nearly fifty thousand,
greatly decreased after his death. He died
Dec. 20, 1849, in Low Hampton, N. Y.
MILLER, WILLIAM H., congressman,
was born Jan. 29, 1828, in Perry county,
Pa. He was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the thirty-eighth con
gress.
MILLER, WILLIAM HENRY HARRI
SON, soldier, lawyer, was born Sept. 6,
1840, in Augusta, N. Y. He is one of the
foremost lawyers of Indiana at Indian
apolis; and has been attorney-general of
the United States.
MILLER, WILLIAM R., lawyer, gov
ernor, was born Nov. 27, 1823, near Bates-
ville, Ark. In 1857 he removed to Little
Rock, Ark.; and served as auditor, by re-
elections, until 1865. In 1866 he was again
elected auditor. He returned to Bates-
ville and resumed the practice of his pro
fession; and in 1874 was again elected
auditor of the state, serving until 1877.
In 1876. he was elected governor of Arkan
sas; and was re-elected in 1878, serving
until 1881. In 1874 he again took up his
residence in Little Rock; was deputy state
treasurer in 1881 and 1882; and in 1886
was again elected state auditor.
MILLER, WILLIAM S., Congressman.
He was a representative from congress
from New York from 1845 to 1847. He died
Nov. 9, 1854, in New York city.
MILLET, FRANCIS DAVIS, artist, au
thor, was born Nov. 3, 1846, in Mattapois-
ett, Mass. He is an artist and author of
New York city. He is the author of A
Capillary Crime, and Other Stories; and
The Danube from the Black Forest to the
Black Sea.
MILLHOLLAND, JAMES A., railroad
president, was born Dec. 8, 1842, in Bal
timore, Md. Since 1893 he has been pres
ident of the George's Creek and Cumber
land railroad at Cumberland, Md.
MILLIGAN, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 10, 1795, in Cecil
county, Md. In 1830 he was elected a
member of the house of representatives in
congress from Delaware, and served from
1831 to 1839. In 1839 he was appointed
judge of the superior court of the state of
Delaware.
MILLIGAN, ROBERT, clergyman, edu
cator, college president, author, was born
July 25, 1814, in Ireland. He was a Camp-
bellite clergyman and educator; and pres
ident of Kentucky university in 1859-66.
He was the author of Brief Treatise on
Prayer; Reason and Revelation; Scheme
of Redemption; The Great Commission;
and Analysis of the New Testament Com
mentary on Hebrews. He died March 20,
1875, in Lexington, Ky.
MILLIGAN, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist.
He was a citizen of Tennessee, from which
state he was appointed an associate justice
of the United States court for the territory
of Nebraska, residing at Dakota City.
MILLIGAN, WILLIAM McKINDREE,
lawyer legislator, was born March 13,
1851, in Bedford. Ind. He attended the
DePauw university of Indiana, then
known as the Asbury university. He
served with distinction as a member of
the Kansas state legislature; has been
county attorney; and is one of the leading
lawyers of Kansas, at Pittsburg.
MILLIKEN, SETH L., lawyer, congress
man was born Dec. 12, 1831, in Montville,
Maine. In 1856 he was elected a repre
sentative in the Maine legislature, and
was re-elected the following year. He
engaged in the practice of law at Belfast,
Maine; and was elected a representative
from Maine to the forty-eighth, forty-
ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-
third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a republican.
MILLIKIN, CHARLES W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 15, 1827, in
Graves county, Ky. He was attorney of
Simpson county, Ky., five years; was ap
pointed in 1867 attorney for the fourth
judicial district of Kentucky to fill a va
cancy; and elected the following August
to serve out the unexpired term, and re-
elected in 1868 for a full term of six years.
He was elected to the forty-third and
forty-fourth congresses as a democrat.
MILLS, ABRAHAM, educator, author,
was born in 1769 in Dutchess county, N. Y.
He was a popular educator of New York
city who, besides editing a number of
text-books, was author of Literature and
Literary Men of Great Britain and Ire
land; Outlines of Rhetoric; Poets and Po
etry of the Ancient Greeks; and Com-
pendiumof the History of the Ancient He
brews. He died July 8, 1867, in New York.
MILLS. CALEB, educator, was born
July 29, 1806, in Dunbarton, N. H. He was
the second state superintendent of In
diana, and father of the free schools of
Indiana. He was noted throughout the
state as a lecturer. One of his most pop
ular lectures was entitled Suggestions to
Youth on the Right Formation of Char
acter. Ou retiring from the state super-
intendency he resumed the chair of
Greek in the Wabash college, and contin
ued until his death, which occurred Oct.
17, 1879.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
661
MILLS, CHARLES A., educator, author.
After receiving his education he began
educational work. He is also a constant
contributor to current literature.
MILLS, CHARLES K., physician, spe
cialist, was born Dec. 4, 1845, near Phila
delphia, Pa. He graduated in medicine
from the medical department of the uni
versity of Pennsylvania; and was profes
sor of mental diseases and of medical jur
isprudence in that institution. He has
been professor of diseases of the nervous
system in the Philadelphia Polytechnic
and the Woman's Medical college of
Pennsylvania. He has been president of
the American Neurological association,
and is a prominent member of various
medical societies.
MILLS, CLARK, sculptor, was born
Dec. 1, 1815, in Onondaga county, N. Y.
He was the designer of the equestrian
statue of Gen. Jackson in Lafayette
square, Washington, D. C. The equestrian
statue of Washington in Washington
circle of the same city is also his work.
The colossal statue of Freedom, eighteen
feet high and weighing fifteen tons,
crowning the dome of the national capitol,
though designed by Crawford, was cast in
bronze by Mr. Mills, at Bladensburg. He
died Jan. 12, 1883, in Washington, D. C.
MILLS, DANIEL W., soldier, merchant,
congressman, was born Feb. 25, 1838, near
Waynesville, Ohio. From 1877 to 1881
he served as warden of the Cook County
hospital, Chicago, 111.; and was twice
elected alderman of his ward. He was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
MILLS, ELIJAH HUNT, lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Dec. 1, 1776, in Chesterfield, Mass.
He was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1815 to 1819; and a
senator in congress from 1820 to 1827. He
died May 5, 1829, in Northampton.
MILLS, FREDERICK JOHN, civil en
gineer, legislator, lieutenant-governor,
was born in 1865 in Vermont. Since 1895
he has been state engineer of Idaho. In
1893 he was elected a member of the Idaho
legislature; and in 1896 was elected lieu
tenant-governor of Idaho.
MILLS, HENRY EDMUND, lawyer, au
thor, was born June 24, 1850, in Mont-
rose, Pa. He has attained prominence as
a successful lawyer in St. Louis, Mo. He
is the author of a work entitled Laws of
Eminent Domain.
MILLS, J. WARNER, lawyer, legal au
thor, was born July 6, 1852, in Lancaster,
Wis. In 1875 he graduated from the uni
versity of Wisconsin. He is one of the
leading lawyers of Denver, Colo., where he
is president of the state board of chari
ties and corrections. He is the founder
of the jury system of Colorado; and drew
the bill giving to women the right of
equal suffrage with men in the state of
Colorado, and canvassed the state for its
approval. He is profoundly interested in
social and labor questions, and lectures
extensively on those subjects, and gives
freely his time to promote equity and
justice. He is the editor and part owner
of The Legal Adviser of Denver, Colo.
MILLS, JOB S., educator, clergyman,
bishop, sociologist, was born Feb. 28, 1848,
in Bartlett, Ohio. He was educated at the
Bartlett academy, and the Illinois Wesleyan
unhersity, from the latter institution re
ceiving in course the degrees of B. Ph.,
M. A. and Ph. D.; and also the degree of
M. A. from Otterbein university. In 1871
he was ordained a clergyman of the
United Brethren church. In 1887 he be
came professor of English literature and
rhetoric in the Western college, Iowa;
and in 1889 was elected president of that
institution, serving also in the chair of
mental and moral philosophy. In 1893 Dr.
Mills was elected bishop, which position
he has filled with distinguished ability.
He has delivered several courses of lec
tures on sociology and kindred topics.
MILLS, ROBERT, architect, author,
was born Aug. 12, 1781, in Charleston, S.
C. He was an architect of Washington,
and the original designer of the Washing
ton monument. He was the author of
Statistics of South Carolina; American
Pharos, or Lighthouse Guide; and Guide
to the National Executive Offices. He died
March 3, 1855, in Washington, D. C.
MILLS, ROGER Q., soldier, lawyer,
congressman. United States senator, was
born March 30, 1832, in Todd county, Ky.
He moved to Texas in 1849; was a mem
ber of the Texas legislature in 1859 and
1860; and was colonel of the Tenth Texas
regiment. He was elected to congress as
a democrat in 1873 and served continu
ously until he resigned to accept the po
sition of United States senator, to which
he was elected in 1892. He was re-elected
in 1893.
MILLS, SAMUEL J., clergyman, was
born April 21, 1783, in Torringford, Conn.
As the father of foreign missions he or
ganized the first society in America to
contemplate foreign missions in 1808; and
in 1817 visited Africa in company with
the Rev. E. Burgess, to select a site for a
colony, and died on his way home, June
16, 1818.
MILLS, SAMUEL JOHN, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 16, 1743, in Kent,
Conn. For many years he edited the Con
necticut Evangelical Magazine, and, in ad
dition to various sermons that he preached
on special occasions, he published a vol
ume of Sermons Collected. He died May
11, 1833, in Torringford, Conn.
MILLS, MRS. SARAH M., reformer, au
thor, was born May 14, 1820, in Danbury,
Conn. She has been a lecturer and volum
inous writer on finance, industrial and
tariff reforms. She was the vice-president
and one of the organizers of the Chicago
Philosophical society. She is the author
of two philosophical novels, Four Girl
Farmers; and Eve and Mary, besides other
minor works of fiction and philosophy.
MILLS, SEBASTIAN BACH, pianist,
composer, was born March 13, 1839, in
England. He has appeared in concerts in
the United States and in Europe, and is
one of the best known of American pia
nists. Among his numerous compositions
are three Tarantelles; Murmuring Foun
tain; Polonaise; Fairy Fingers; and Rec
ollections of Home; Saltarello; and two
Etudes de Concert.
MILLS, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born Feb. 24, 1801, in New
York city. In 1857 he was presiding jus
tice of the supreme court of New York.
He published an edition of Blackstone's
Commentaries, with reference to Ameri
can cases. He died Oct. 6, 1886, in Mor-
ristown, N. J.
MILLSON, JOHN S., lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 1, 1808, in Norfolk,
Va. He was elected a representative from
Virginia in the thirty-first congress,
which position he filled by re-elections
until 1860. In 1844 and 1848 he was presi
dential elector. He died Feb. 26, 1874 in
Norfolk, Va.
MILLSPAUGH, FRANK ROSEBROOK,
bishop of Kansas, was born April 12, 1848,
in Nicholas, N. Y. He is the author of
numerous sermons and addresses.
MILLWARD, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was elected a
representative from that state to the
thirty-sixth congress.
MILLWARD, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1855 to 1857.
MILMORE, MARTIN, sculptor, was
born Sept. 14, 1844, in Ireland. His prin
cipal works are busts of Longfellow,
Sumner, and Gen. Thayer. His statues of
Ceres, Flora and Pomona are in the Hor
ticultural hall of Boston, Mass.
MILNE, WILLIAM JAMES, educator,
author, was born May 26, 1843, in Scot
land. He organized the State Normal and
Training school of Geneseo, N. Y., with
which institution he was connected for
eighteen years. In 1889 he became presi
dent of the State Normal college of Al
bany, N. Y. He is the author of a series
of mathematical text books for schools en
titled the Inductive Series.
MILNES, ALFRED, soldier, merchant,
state senator, congressman, was born May
28, 1844, in England. He has served the
city of Coldwater, Mich., as alderman for
one term and as mayor for two terms. He
was elected to the state senate in 1888 and
re-elected in 1890. He was elected lieu
tenant-governor of Michigan in 1894; and
was elected to the fifty-fourth congress as
a republican to fill a vacancy.
MILNES, WILLIAM, manufacturer,
congressman, was born Dec. 8, 1827, in
England. In 1865 he moved to Virginia
and purchased the extensive property lo
cated in Page and Rockingham counties
known as the Shenandoah Iron works. He
was elected to the forty-first congress as
a representative from Virginia.
MILNOR, JAMES, lawyer, clergyman,
congressman, was born June 20, 1773, in
Philadelphia, Pa. From 1811 to 1813 he
was a representative from Pennsylvania in
congress. In 1814 he was ordained a cler
gyman, and in 1816 was called to the
rectorship of St. George's church of New
York city. He was one of the founders
of the New York Deaf and Dumb insti
tution. He died A^ril 8, 1844, in New York
city.
MILNOR, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Philadelphia. He was a represen
tative in congress from Pennsylvania from
1807 to 1811, from 1815 to 1817, and again
from 1821 to 1822.
MILROY, ROBERT HUSTON, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born June 11, 1816, in
Washington county, Ind. In the war with
Mexico he served as
captain in the first
Indiana volunteers.
He was a member of
the constitutional
convention of Indi
ana in 1849-50, and in
1851 was appointed
judge of the eighth
judicial circuit court
of Indiana. At the
beginning of the civ
il war he issued a
call for volunteers
and was made a captain, becoming colonel
of the ninth Indiana volunteers in 1861.
He died in April, 1890, in Olympia, Wash.
MILTENBERGER, GEORGE WAR
NER, physician, educator, was born March
17, 1819, in Baltimore, Md. He was elect
ed demonstrator of anatomy by the fac
ulty of the university of Maryland, which
place he continued to fill until 1852. In
1852 he succeeded to the chair of materia
medica, therapeutics, and pathology, and
in 1855 he was chosen dean of the faculty.
662
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MILTON, JOHN, governor. He was gov
ernor of Florida from 1861 to 1864.
MINARD, ABEL, philanthropist, was
born Sept. 25, 1814, in Massachusetts. Be
sides giving to various charitable objects,
he founded the Minard home in Morris-
town, N. J., at an expense of $50,000, for
the education of female orphans of meth-
odist clergymen. He died Jan. 31, 1871,
in Morristown, N. J.
MINER, AHIMAN L., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born in
Vermont. He was a state representative
in the legislature in 1838, 1839 and 1845; a
state senator in 1840; and county attorney
for two years. He was register of pro
bate for seven years; judge of probate
from 1846 to 1849; and a representative in
congress from Vermont from 1851 to 1853.
He died July 20, 1886.
MINER. ALONZO AMES, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. ii, 1814, in Lemp-
ster, N. H. He was a prominent univer-
salist clergyman of Boston; and the au
thor of Bible Exercises; Right and Duty
of Prohibition; and Old Forts Taken. He
died in 1896.
MIXER, CHARLES, journalist, con
gressman, author, was born Feb. 1, 1780,
in Norwich, Conn. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1825 to 1828. He was the author of an
interesting work entitled History of Wyo
ming, and was one of the first men in this
country to introduce and write upon the
silk-growing business. He also wrote Es
says from the Desk of Poor Robert. He
died Oct. 26, 1865, in Wilkesbarre, Pa.
MINER, HENRY CLAY, business man,
congressman, was born March 23, 1842,
in New York city. HP was educated at the
New York city gram
mar schools and at
the American Insti
tute school; studied
the drug business
and has been more
or less engaged in
that business. In
1864 he went out in
advance of Signor
Blitz, the magician
and bird trainer; his
next engagement was
with Thayer and
Noyes's circus, and eventually he be
came the head of a metropolitan theater,
and then rose to the proprietorship of
five popular Thespian resorts— the Fifth
Avenue, the People's, Miner's Bowery,
Eighth Avenue, and Miner's Newark the
aters. He is president of the Miner Lith
ographing company, owns extensive phos
phate interests in the south, holds large
blocks of railway and mining stock in
western corporations, directs a New York
newspaper syndicate, and is the owner
of a large drug store and photographic
material house in New York city. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth congress as
a democrat.
MINER, PHINEAS, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1779. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Connecticut
during the years 1834 and 1835 to fill a
vacancy. He died Sept. 16, 1839, in Litch-
field, Conn.
MINER, MRS. S. ISADORE, poet, was
born Sept. 25, 1863, in Battle Creek, Mich.
She is the editor of the Battle Creek Re
view; and is connected with the Good
Health Publishing company of that city.
MINER, THOMAS, physician, author,
was born Oct. 15, 1777, in Middletown,
Conn. He contributed to periodicals bio
graphical sketches of Connecticut physi
cians, medical essays, and translations
from French medical works. With Dr.
William Tully he published Essays upon
Fevers and Other Medical Subjects; and
Account of Typhus Syncopalis. He died
April 23, 1841, in Worcester, Mass.
MINES, JOHN FLAVEL, journalist, au
thor, poet, was born Jan. 27, 1835, in
France. He was a journalist of New York
city; and the author of Heroes of the Last
Lustre, a poem; and A Tour Around New
York by Mr. Felix Oldboy. He died in 1891.
MINICK, JOHN B., journalist, was
born in 1836 in Lancaster county, Pa. In
1866 he moved to Michigan, engaged in
railroading, and became one of the pro
prietors of the Marquette Mining Journal.
In 1872 he moved to Washington, D. C.;
was private secretary to the postmaster-
general during 1880-88; and was engaged
meanwhile in the publishing and printing
business. He established and published
The National Weekly, The People's Jour
nal, and other periodicals. Since 1893 he
has been identified with some of the larg
est commercial enterprises of Philadel
phia, Pa., which city is now his home.
MINICK, JOHN D., educator, college
president, was born Aug. 18, 1859, in Shade
Gap, Pa. He has taught in the high
schools of Pennsylvania and Maryland;
and is now the president of the Davenport
college of Lenoir, N. C.
MINIFIE, WILLIAM, architect, edu
cator, author, was born Aug. 14, 1805, in
England. He was an architect and edu
cator of Baltimore; and the author of
Text-Book of Mechanical Drawing; Text-
Book of Geometrical Drawing; Theory
and Application of Color; and Popular
Lectures on Drawing and Design. He died
Oct. 24, 1880, in Baltimore, Md.
MINOR, EDWARD S., soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 1840 in
Jefferson county, N. Y. He was elected
to the Wisconsin assembly in 1877 and re-
elected in 1880 and 1881. He was elected
to the state senate and served in that body
in 1883 and 1885. He has been mayor of
the city of Sturgeon Bay; and was elect
ed to the fifty-fourth congress and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
MINOR, JOHN BARBEE, educator, au
thor, was born June 2, 1813, in Louisa
county, Va. He was a professor of law
in the University of Virginia; and the
author of Virginia Report of 1799-1800; Sy
nopsis of the Law of Crimes and Punish
ments; and Institutes of Common and
Statute Law. He died in 1895.
MINOR, LUCIAN, lawyer, author, was
born in 1802 in Louisa county, Va. He
was a lawyer of Williamsburg. Va.; and
the author of Reasons for Abolishing the
Liquor Traffic; and Travels in New Eng
land. He died in 1858 in Williamsburg,
Va.
MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL, artist,
was born April 30, 1840, in New York
city. His works include Evening; Dawn;
Studio of Corot; and Under the Oaks.
Among those of his later paintings that
he has shown at the National academy are
The Wold of Kent, England; The Cradle
of the Hudson; The Close of Day; and A
Mountain Path.
MINOR, VIRGINIA LOUISA, reformer,
was born March 27, 1824, in Goochland
county, Va. She was the first woman in
the United States to claim suffrage as a
right, and not as a favor. With this end
in view, in 1872 she brought the matter
before the courts, taking it finally to
the United States supreme court.
MINOT, CHARLES SEDGWICK, bi
ologist, author, was born Dec. 23,
1852, in West Roxbury, Mass. In 1880
he became lecturer on embryology in Har
vard Medical school and instructor in
oral pathology and surgery. These ap
pointments he held until 1883, when he
became assistant professor of histology
and embryology at that institution.
MINOT, FRANCIS, physician, educator,
author, was born April 12, 1821, in Boston,
Mass. In 1871 he was made assistant pro
fessor of the theory and practice of medi
cine, and clinical lecturer on the diseases
of women and children, in the medical
department of Harvard, which places he
held until 1874, when he was made full
professor of the theory and practice of
physic.
MINOT. GEORGE, lawyer, author, was
born Jan. 5, 1817, in Haverhill, Mass. He
edited Digest of the Decisions of the
Supreme Court of Massachusetts; and
rendered valuable aid to Richard Peter,
Jr.. in the preparation of the first eight
volumes of the United States Statutes,
at Large, the index of which he pre
pared. He died April 15, 1856, in Read
ing, Mass.
MINOT, GEORGE RICHARDS, jurist,
author, was born Dec. 22, 1758, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was made chief justice
of the court of common pleas in 1799, and
judge of the municipal court of Boston on
its establishment in 1800, which office he
held until his death. He was one of the
founders of the Massachusetts Historical
society, and edited three volumes of its
Collections. He published History of the
Insurrection in Massachusetts in 1786;
and Continuation of the History of Mas
sachusetts Bay from the Year 1748. He
died Jan. 2, 1802, in Boston, Mass.
MINOT, HENRY DAVIS, railroad presi
dent, author, was born in 1859 in Massa
chusetts. He was at the time of his death
a railway president in Minnesota. While
a schoolboy at Roxbury he wrote at the
age of sixteen The Land-Birds and Game-
Birds of New England. He died in 1890.
MINOT, WILLIAM, lawyer, author, was
born in 1849 in Massachusetts. He is a
Boston lawyer; and the author of Tax
ation in Massachusetts; and Local Tax
ation and Municipal Extravagance.
MINTURN, ROBERT B., merchant, phi
lanthropist, was born Nov. 16, 1805, in
New York city. By his energy and ability
the shipping house of Grinnell, Minturn
and Company, in which he achieved for
tune and reputation, became one of the
great shipping houses of the world. He
died Jan. 9, 1866, in New York city.
MINTURN. ROBERT BOWNE, author,
was born Feb. 21, 1836, in New York city.
He is the author of From New York to
Delhi, a popular book of travels.
MIRES. AUSTIN, lawyer, public official,
was born Feb. 11, 1852, in Des Moines
county, Iowa. In 1853 he crossed the
plains with his parents, and resiued in
Douglas county, Ore., until 1873. He grad
uated from the law department of the
university of Michigan, with the degree
of LL. B. For many years he taught
school; was mail agent for three years;
and served as chief clerk of the Oregon
state senate. Since 1883 he has been
engaged in the practice of law at Ellens-
burg, Wash.; has been mayor of that
city, city treasurer, and city attorney. He
was a delegate from his county to the
constitutional convention that framed the
constitution for the state of Washingon.
For three years he was a member of the
state board of equalization and appeals;
and for seven years was vice-president
of the Ellensburg National bank.
HERRINGSHAWS ^NCTCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MISSEMER, J. R., journalist, was born
March 24, 1851, in Mount Joy, Pa. He is
the editor and publisher of The Advocate
of Steelton, Pa.; and for the past twenty
years has been engaged in journalism. In
his early days he taught school; at the
age of twenty-two years was elected a jus
tice of the peace; and in 1874 became edi
tor of the Milton Grove News. In 1878
he established the Mount Joy Star and
News, and during the following ten years
also conducted a. newspaper syndicate. In
1888 he purchased The Advocate, which
he still edits and publishes with the as
sistance of his son, George W. Missemer.
MITCHEL, ELISHA; chemist, was born
Aug. 19, 1793, in Washington county, Conn.
Being appointed state surveyor of North
Carolina, he was the first to discover that
the mountains of that state were the high
est east of the Rockies. He lost his life
upon the Black Dome June 27, 1857, which
has since been called Mount Mitchel.
MITCHEL, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS,
journalist, author, was born in 1839. He
is the fiction editor of the American
Press association; and the author of
Chattanooga, a Romance of the American
Civil War; Chickamauga, a Romance of
the American Civil War; and Ormsby
MacKnight Mitchel, Astronomer and Gen
eral.
MITCHEL, ORMSBY MAC KNIGHT,
soldier, astronomer, author, was born July
28, 1810, in Morganfield, Ky. He was an
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ astronomer of dis-
" ^*fc' I tinction, director of
I the Dudley, observa-
I tory at Albany, and
I a prominent union
€ .«»_J^Bi -(i"<'>"il in tlif civil
i war. He was the au-
| thor of Planetary
and Stellar Worlds;
The Orbs of Heaven;
Elementary Treatise
on the Sun, Planets,
etc.; and Astronomy
of the Bible. The
direct cause of the establishment of the
observatories at Albany, Clinton, Alle
gheny City, Cincinnati, Washington, and
Cambridge, is due to the impetus given
to that study by his popular lectures. He
died Oct. 30, 1862, in Beaufort, N. C.
MITCHELL, ABRAM W., physician,
surgeon, legislator, was born Feb. 8, 1862,
in Lempster, N. H. He has served with
distinction as a member of the New
Hampshire state legislature, and was on
several important committees.
MITCHELL, ALEXANDER, banker,
congressman, was born Oct. 18, 1817, in
Scotland. He was elected a representative
from Wisconsin to the forty-second and
forty-third congresses; and was the dem
ocratic candidate for governor of Wiscon
sin in 1879. He died April 19, 1887, in
New York city.
MITCHELL, ALFRED, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1841 in England. In 1879 he
emigrated to the United States; and has
since attained success as an able lawyer
in the state of New York. For sixteen
years he served in various capacities for
the Equitable Mercantile company of New
York city, and is now dean of its legal
staff. He served as a police justice of
Whitestone, Long Island, N. Y. ; and his
name is frequently mentioned for the of
fice of justice for his division of the re
cently enacted Greater New York city.
MITCHELL, ANDERSON, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1800
in Caswell county, N. C. He was elected
to the North Carolina legislature; and
was a member of congress in 1842 and
1843.
MITCHELL, ANNIE MARIA, author,
was born in 1847 in Massachusetts. She
is a writer of religious juveniles, among
which are Martha's Gift; and Freed Boy
in Alabama.
MITCHELL, CHARLES BURTON,
United States senator, was born Sept. 19,
1815, in Gallatin, Tenn. He was elected
a senator in congress from Arkansas for
a term of six years, commencing March
4, 1861, but was expelled by the senate
July 11, 1861. He died Sept. 20, 1864, in
Washington, Ark.
MITCHELL, CHARLES F., congress
man, was born in New York. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1837 to 1841.
MITCHELL, CHARLES LE MOYNE,
manufacturer, state legislator, congress
man, was born Aug. 4, 1844, in New Ha
ven, Conn. He was a representative in
the Connecticut state legislature in 1878;
and was elected a representative from
Connecticut to the forty-eighth congress.
He was re-elected to the forty-ninth con
gress as a democrat.
MITCHELL, DAVID, soldier, state leg
islator, was born July 17, 1742, in Cum
berland county, Pa. He fought through
out the entire re\o-
lutionary war, serv
ing as a major in
Colonel John Watts's
battalion in the bat
tle of Long Island.
He represented his
county in the Penn
sylvania legislature
from 1786 till 1805,
and served as a pres
idential elector in
1813, and in 1817. In
1800 he was appoint
ed brigadier-general «f the militia of Cum
berland and Franklin counties. He died
May 25, 1818, in Juniata, Pa.
MITCHELL, DAVID BRADIE, lawyer,
state legislator, governor, was born Oct.
22, 1766, in Scotland. He was elected so
licitor-general of Georgia in 1795; and
was a member of the legislature in 1796.
He was governor of the state from 1809
to 1813, and from 1815 to 1818. He died
April 22, 1837, in Milledgeville, Ga.
MITCHELL, DONALD GRANT, author,
was born April 12, 1822, in Norwich, Conn.
He is best known by his earlier and still
popular works, Dream Life; and Reveries
of a Bachelor, books of a pleasantly sen
timental cast. His other works include
My Farm at Edgewood; Dr. Johns, a nov
el; Rural Studies; Fresh Gleaning from
the Old Fields of Europe; The Battle
Summer, or Paris in 1848; The Lorgnette;
Fudge Doings; Se\en Stories; Wet Days
at Edgewood; About Old Story-Tellers;
The Woodbridge Record, a genealogy;
Bound Together; A SJieaf of Papers; Out
of Town Places, a revision of Rural Stu
dies; English Lands, Letters, and Kings;
and American Lands and Letters.
MITCHELL, EDWARD COPPEE, law
yer, author, was born July 24, 1826, in
Savannah, Ga. He was a real estate law
yer of Philadelphia; and the author of
Separate Use in Pennsylvania; Contracts
for Land Sales in Pennsylvania; and
Equitable Relations of Buyer and Seller.
He died Jan. 25, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MITCHELL, EDWARD GUSHING,
clergyman, college president, author, was
born Sept. 20, 1829, in East Bridgewater,
Mass. He is a baptist clergyman and
educator; president of Leland university
of New Orleans since 1887; and the au
thor of Les Sources du Nouveau Testa
ment; Hebrew Introduction; Guide to
the Authenticity, Canon, and Text of the
New Testament; and The Critical Hand
book.
MITCHELL, ELISHA, geologist, au
thor, was born Aug. 19, 1793, in Washing
ton, Conn. He was an educator of note,
and professor of geology in the university
of North Carolina since 1825. While ex
ploring the mountain region of North
Carolina he lost his life. He is buried on
the summit of the mountain bearing his
name. He was the author of Elements
of Geology; and Reports on North Caro
lina Geology. He died June 27, 1857, on
Black Mountain, N. C.
MITCHELL, GEORGE E.. congress
man, was born in Cecil county, Md. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1823 to 1827, and again
from 1829 to 1832. He died June 28, 1832,
in Washington, D. C.
MITCHELL, HENRY, physician, con
gressman, was born in 1784, in Woodbury,
Conn. He moved to New York, and in
1827 he was elected to the legislature of
his adopted state. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from 1833
to 1835. He died Jan. 12, 1858, in Nor
wich, N. Y.
MITCHELL, HENRY, hydrographer,
author, was born Sept. 16, 1830, in Nan-
tucket, Mass. He is a hydrographer of
prominence, among whose scientific mono
graphs are Physical Hydrography of the
Maine Coast; The Estuary of the Dela
ware; and Reclamation of Tide Lands.
MITCHELL, HINCKLEY GILBERT,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Feb. 22, 1846, in Lee, N. Y. He is a meth-
odist clergyman and educator; professor
at Wesleyan university since 1884; and the
author of Final Constructions of Biblical
Hebrew; Hebrew Lessons; Amos, an Es
say in Exegesis; and The Pentateuch.
MITCHELL, J. WALTER, educator,
lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born Nov.
2, 1853, in Edgefield county, S. C. He at
tended the Trinity college, Texas; the
Vanderbilt university, Tennessee; and the
South Carolina college of Columbia. For
fifteen years he taught school; and gradu
ated in 1886 in law with the degree of
LL. B. For four years he was judge of
probate of Lexington county, S. C.; and
for two years served with distinction as
a representative in the South Carolina
state legislature.
MITCHELL, JAMES C., congressman,
was born about 1790 in Mecklenburg
county, N. C. He was a representative
in congress from Tennessee from 1825 to
1829. He died Aug. 7, 1843, near Jackson,
Miss.
MITCHELL, JAMES L., soldier, law
yer, was born Sept. 29, 1834, in Shelby
county, Ky. He was state's attorney for
the nineteenth judicial district of Indi
ana; and mayor of Indianapolis. He
died Feb. 21, 1894.
MITCHELL, JAMES S., congressman,
was born in York county, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1821 to 1827.
MITCHELL, JAMES TYNDALE, law
yer, jurist, was born Nov. 9, 1834, in
Belleville, 111. He attended the Harvard
university and the university of Pennsyl
vania Law school. During 1862-87 he was
editor-in-chief of the American Law Reg
ister; during 1871-88 was judge of com
mon pleas at Philadelphia; and since
1889 has been justice of the supreme court
of Pennsylvania. He is a vice-provost of
the Law academy of Philadelphia; and
president of the council of the Pennsyl
vania Historical society. He is the au
thor of A History of the District Court;
Mitchell on Motions and Rules; and
other works.
664
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MITCHELL, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Perry county, Pa. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1825 to 1829. He died in Aug
ust, 1849, in Beaver, Pa.
MITCHELL, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 29, 1794, in Chester, Conn.
He was a congregational minister of Strat
ford, Conn.; and the author of Letters
to a Disbeliever in Revivals; Notes from
Over the Sea; Reminiscences of College
Scenes and Characters; My Mother; and
Rachel Kell, or the Diamond. He died
April 28, 1870, in Stratford, Conn.
MITCHELL, JOHN AMES, journalist,
author, was born in 1845 in Massachu
setts. He is a journalist of New York
city; founder of Life in 1883, and its edi
tor from that date. He is the author of
The Summer School of Philosophy at
Mount Desert; The Romance of the
Moon; The Last American; Amos Judd,
a novel; and That First Affair, and Other
Stories.
MITCHELL, JOHN GRANT, soldier,
lawyer, was born Nov. 6, 1838, in Piqua,
Ohio. He was commissioned brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1865, and brevet-
ted major-general of volunteers, to date
from March 13, for special gallantry in
the battle of Bentonville, N. C., March
17, 1865.
MITCHELL, JOHN HIPPLE, lawyer,
United States senator, was born June 22,'
1835, in Washington county, Pa. He re-
i ceived a public school
education and the
instruction of a pri
vate tutor; studied
and practiced law,
and moved to Cali
fornia and practiced
law, first in San Luis
Obispo and then in
San Francisco. In
1860 he moved to
Portland, Ore.; and
was elected corpora
tion attorney o f
Portland in 1861, and served one year.
He was elected as a republican to the
state senate in 1862, and served four
years, the last two as president of that
body. He was commissioned by the gov
ernor of Oregon in 1865 lieutenant-colonel
in the state militia; and was a candidate
for United States senator in 1866, and was
defeated in the party caucus by one vote.
He was chosen professor of medical juris
prudence in Willamette university of Sa
lem in 1867, and served in that position
nearly four years. He was elected to the
United States senate in 1872, and served
until 1879. He was again elected to the
United States senate in 1885 as a republi
can, and was re-elected in 1891.
MITCHELL, JOHN KEARSLEY, phy
sician, author, poet, was born May 12,
1798, in Shepherdstown, Va. He was a
physician of Phila
delphia, of eminence
as a medical lectur
er; and the author of
Indecision, and Other
Poems; St. Helena, a
poem; Remote Con
sequences of Injuries
of Nerves; Crypto-
gamic Origin of Mal
arious and Epidemic
Fevers; and Five Es
says on Fevers. He
died April 4, 1858, in
Philadelphia, Pa.; and his death was
sincerely mourned.
MITCHELL, JOHN INSCHO, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born July 28, 1838, in Tioga, Pa.
He was district attorney of Tioga county,
Pa., from 1868 to 1871; and was a repre
sentative in the state legislature from
1872 to 1876. He was elected a represen
tative from Pennsylvania to the forty-
fifth and forty-sixth congresses; and was
elected a senator of the United States
from Pennsylvania for the term of six
years from March 4, 1881.
MITCHELL, JOHN LENDRUM, soldier,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Oct. 19, 1842, in Milwaukee, Wis.
He was a member of the state senate of
Wisconsin in 1872-73 and 1875-76. He is
vice-president of the Wisconsin Marine
and Fire Insurance Company bank, and
of the Northwestern National Insurance
company in Milwaukee, Wis. He was
elected to the fifty-second and fifty-third
congresses as a democrat; and was elected
to the United States senate, and took his
seat March 4, 1893. His term of service
will expire March 3, 1899.
MITCHELL, JOHN MURRAY, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 18, 1858, in
New York city. In 1889 he entered into
law partnership with his two brothers,
Edward and William, the former of whom
was United States attorney for the south
ern district of New York by appointment
of President Harrison. He was elected to
the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses
from New York as a republican.
MITCHELL, JOSEPH DANIEL, con-
chologist, legislator, was born Oct. 22,
1848, in Point Comfort. He has served
as a representative in the state legisla
ture of Texas, and is the father of the
fish and oyster laws of Texas. He has
published notes on Texas shells; and is a
member of the Texas Academy of Science,
and the Smithsonian institution.
MITCHELL, MRS. LUCY MYERS
[WRIGHT], archaeologist, author, was
born in 1845 in Persia. She was an arch
aeologist who spent much of her life
abroad. Her only writing, a History of
Ancient Sculpture, is one of the best
books in English upon Greek art. She
died in 1888.
MITCHELL, MARIA, astronomer, was
born Aug. 1, 1818, in Nantucket, Mass.
She was a distinguished astronomer, and
professor at Vassar college in 1865. Her
scientific papers have not been collected.
She died June 28, 1889, in Lyons, Mass.
MITCHELL, MARION J., educator,
poet, was born Sept. 4, 1836, in Buffalo,
N. Y. She received a thorough education,
and inherited liter
ary tastes from her
•j parents. She has con
tributed extensively
both prose and verse
to current literature;
and is the author of
j a volume of poems.
1 Her poetic work
shows natural pow
ers of imagination
and expression. Her
poems have been giv
en a place in several
standard collections, and are a valuable
acquisition to the literature of the times.
MITCHELL, NAHUM, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, author, was born Feb. 12,
1769, in East Bridgewater, Mass. From
1811 to 1821 he was judge of the circuit
court of common pleas, and afterward
chief justice of Massachusetts. From 1798
to 1812 he was a representative in the gen
eral court; a representative in congress
from 1803 to 1805; and in 1813 and 1814
was state senator. From 1814 to 1820 he
was one of the governor's council; and
from 1822 to 1827 was treasurer of the
state. In 1840 he published a History of
Bridgewater, Massachusetts; and a volume
of sacred music entitled the Bridgewater
Collection. He also wrote Grammar of
Music. He died Aug. 1, 1853, in Ply
mouth.
MITCHELL, NATHANIEL, congress
man. He was a delegate from Delaware
to the continental congress from 1786 to
1788.
MITCHELL, NEAL, physician, surgeon,
was born Oct. 21, 1855, in Jacksonville,
Fla. He attended the Maine Wesleyan
university, Lapham institute, Amherst
college, and several medical colleges of
New York and Brooklyn, and in Berlin,
Germany. In 1888 he was president of
the board of health in the yellow fever
epidemic in Jacksonville; and is one of
the foremost physicians and surgeons in
the south.
MITCHELL, ROBERT, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Ohio from
1833 to 1835.
MITCHELL, ROBERT B., soldier, law
yer, governor, was born April 4, 1823, in
Richland county, Ohio. He moved to Kan
sas in 1856; and was in the territorial
legislature in 1857 and 1858. He was
state treasurer from 1858 to 1861; and
adjutant-general in 1860 and 1861. He
raised a regiment of cavalry; and was
made brigadier-general in 1862. He was
appointed governor of New Mexico in
November, 1865. He died Jan. 26, 1882,
in Washington, D. C.
MITCHELL, ROBERT G., lawyer, state
senator, was born July 15, 1843, in Thom
as county, Ga. In 1866 he was elected sol
icitor-general; in 1884-85 was elected a
senator from Georgia; and in 1890 was
chosen president of that body.
MITCHELL, SAMUEL, mine owner and
financier, was born April 11, 1846, in Eng
land. In 1864 he emigrated to the United
States, and engaged,
•8 and obtained a posi
tion with the Madi-
! son Copper Mining
I company, and subse-
I quently with various
I other companies. In
1876 he organized
the Mitchell Iron
Mine company, and
in 1878 discovered
what was known as
the National Iron
_. mine. In 1883 he be
gan operations in the Negaunee mine; and
during the year 1894 they took out of the
mine nearly a quarter of a million tons
of ore. He is the president and general
manager of the Blue mine of Negaunee.
He is president of the First National bank
of Hurley, Wis.; was one of the organi
zers of the Bank of Ishpeming; is a
stockholder in the Lincoln National bank
of Chicago, and is interested in various
other financial institutions.
MITCHELL, SAMUEL AUGUSTUS,
author, was born March 30, 1792, in Bris
tol, Conn. He was a noted geographer of
Philadelphia who, besides publishing a
series of geographies, was author also of
General View of the World; and New
Traveler's Guide. He died Dec. 20, 1868,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
MITCHELL, SAMUEL THOMAS, edu
cator, college president, was born Sept. 24,
1851, in Toledo, Ohio. In 1879 he became
principal of Lincoln institute, Jefferson
City, Mo., where he remained until 1884;
and he has since been president of Wil-
berforce university.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
665
MITCHELL, SILAS WEIR, physician,
author, poet, was born Feb. 15, 1829, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a distinguished
physician of Philadelphia, well known al
so as novelist and poet. His professional
•writings include Wear and Tear, or Hints
for the Overworked; Injuries of the
Nerves; Nurse and Patient; Fat and
Blood; Doctor and Patient. In fiction he
has published Hugh Wynne, Free Quaker;
Hephzibah Guinness; In War Times; Ro
land Blake; Far in the Forest; Philip
Vernon; Prince Little Boy, and Other
Tales out of Fairy Land; Characteristics;
A Madeira Party; When all the Woods
are Green; and, in verse, Francis Drake,
a Tragedy of the Sea; The Mother, and
Other Poems; The Cup of Youth; The
Hill of Stones, and Other Poems; A Psalm
•of Death; and A Masque, and Other
Poems.
MITCHELL, STEPHEN MIX, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Dec. 9, 1743, in Wethers-
field, Conn. In 1779 he was appointed a
judge of the Hartford county, Conn.,
court; and in 1790 placed at the head of
that court. He was a delegate to the old
congress in 1783 and 1785; and in 1793
was appointed to the United States sen
ate, which position he held until 1795. In
1795 he was appointed judge of the su
perior court of Connecticut; and in 1807
chief justice of that court, which office
he held until 1814. He died Sept. 30,
1835, in Wethersfield, Conn.
MITCHELL, THOMAS R., congress
man, was born in Georgetown, S. C. He
was a representative in congress from
'South Carolina from 1821 to 1823, from
1825 to 1829, and again from 1831 to 1833.
He died in 1837.
MITCHELL, W. P., physician, surgeon,
was born March 2, 1862, in Middletown,
Ind. In 1883 he graduated from the Medi
cal college of Danville, Ind.; and the fol
lowing year from the Rush Medical col
lege of Chicago. He is one of the fore
most physicians of Wisconsin; has a large
practice in Spring Green; and is the med
ical examiner for five large life insurance
companies.
MITCHELL, WALTER, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born in 1826 in Massachu
setts. He is an episcopal clergyman of
New York city; and the author of Two
Strings to His Bow; Bryan Maurice, a
novel; and Poems. Tacking Ship off
Shore is the poem by which he is best
known.
MITCHELL, WILL WARD, poet, was
born Dec. 1, 1870, near Lexington, Mo.
He is a successful journalist of Higgins-
ville, Mo.; and is the author of a number
of meritorious poems which have ap
peared in the periodical press and several
standard collections.
MITCHELL, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born Dec. 9, 1793, in Chester,
•Conn. He was a congregational minister
of Texas who published A Doctrinal Guide
for Young Christians; and Coleridge and
the Moral Tendency of his Writings. He
died Aug. 1, 1867, in Corpus Christi, Tex.
MITCHELL, WILLIAM, theater-mana
ger, was born in 1798 in England. In
1836 he came to this country under an
engagement with the lessees of the old
National theater in New York city, where
he made his debut as Jem Baggs in The
Wandering Minstrel, and eventually be
came stage-manager. He died May 12,
1856, in New York city.
MITCHELL, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in New York. He was elected
a representative from Indiana to the thir
ty-seventh congress. He died in Septem
ber, 1865, in Macon, Ga.
MITCHILL, SAMUEL LATHAM, cler
gyman, congressman, United States sena
tor, author, was born Aug. 20, 1764, in
North Hempstead, N. Y. He was a fa
mous physician and man of letters of
New York city who filled there a position
very similar to that of Oliver Wendell
Holmes in Boston at a later day, the two
men having many points of resemblance.
He was long a professor of chemistry
in Columbia college. He was a represen
tative in congress from 1801 to 1804; and
again in 1810-13; and a United States
senator in 1804-09. Among his writings
are: Life of Tammany, the Indian Chief;
Picture of New York; and Description of
Schooley's Mountain.
MOAK, NATHANIEL CLEVELAND,
lawyer, author, was born Oct. 3, 1833, in
Sharon, N. Y. He was an Albany lawyer;
and the author of Albany Penitentiary
Statutes; English Reports; and English
Digest.
MOELLER, LOUIS CHARLES, artist,
was born Aug. 5, 1855, in New York city.
He has attained success as a painter; and
has exhibited his productions in various
exhibitions. He is an associate of the
National Academy of Design; and is a
pleasing genre painter. Among his princi
pal works are: A Girl in a Snow Storm;
Puzzled; Morning News; Stubborn;
Bluffing; A Doubtful Investment; and A
Siesta.
MOELLER, LOUIS FREDERICK, art
ist, was born in 1855 in New York city.
He attended the National Academy of
Design, and the academy in Munich, Ger
many; and has attained a national repu
tation as a successful artist. He received
a medal at the Royal academy in Munich;
and received the first prize at the Na
tional Academy of Design for the picture
entitled Puzzled.
MOFFAT, EDWARD STEWART, min
ing engineer, was born Jan. 5, 1844, in
Oxford, Ohio. In 1868 he became adjunct
professor of mining and metallurgy in
Lafayette, where he remained until 1870,
and he afterward held the superintend-
ency of various iron-works till 1882, when
he became superintendent of the Lacka-
wanna Iron and Coal company, of which
corporation he was made general mana
ger in 1886.
MOFFAT, JAMES CLEMENT, clergy
man, author, was born May 30, 1811, in
Scotland. He was a presbyterian clergy
man and educator; professor at Prince
ton Theological seminary in 1853-90; and
the author of Comparative History of Re
ligions; Life of Dr. Chalmers; Song and
Scenery, or a Summer Ramble in Scot
land; Alwyn, a Romance of Study, in
verse; The Church in Scotland; Church
History in Brief; Rhyme of the North
Countrie; and The Story of a Dedicated
Life. He died June 7, 1890, in Princeton,
N. J.
MOFFAT, WILLIAM DAVID, author,
was born in 1865 in New Jersey. He is a
New York writer of stories for boys, bus
iness manager of The Book Buyer and of
Scribner's Magazine; and the author of
The County Pennant; The Crimson Ban
ner; Brad Mattoon; and Not Without
Honor, a novel.
MOFFATT, SETH C., lawyer, legislator,
state senator, congressman, was born
Aug. 10, 1841, in Battle Creek, Mich. He
was prosecuting attorney for Leelaun
county, Mich., for six years; and was
deputy collector of customs at North-
port for six years. He was a state senator
in 1871 and 1872; was a member of the
state constitutional commission in 1873;
and was register of the United States land
office at Traverse City, Mich., from 1874
to 1878. He was prosecuting attorney for
Grand Traverse county, Mich., in 1878;
and was a representative in, and speaker
of, the lower house of the Michigan legis
lature in 1881 and 1882. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from Michigan to
the forty-ninth congress; and was re-
elected to the fiftieth congress as a repub
lican.
MOFFET, JOHN, chemist, congress
man, was born in 1832 in Ireland. In
1868 he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-first congress.
MOFFIT, HOSEA, legislator, congress
man, was born in New York. He served
six years in the legislature of that state;
and was a representative in congress from
1813 to 1817.
MOFFITT, JOHN M., sculptor, was
born in 1837 in England. Many of the
altars in the principal churches in New
York city were designed by him. Among
his latest works are the plan for the sol
diers' monument in East Rock park, New
Haven, Conn., and the drum of the York-
town revolutionary monument, erected in
1881. He died Sept. 15, 1887, in London,
England.
MOFFITT, JOHN M., soldier, manufac
turer, congressman, was born Jan. 8, 1843,
in Chazy, N. Y. From 1866 till 1872 he
was deputy collector of customs at
Rouse's Point, N. Y.; and from 1872 till
the present time has been engaged in the
manufacture of charcoal bloom iron, and
director in the People's National bank of
Malone, N. Y. He was elected to the fif
tieth congress; and was re-elected to the
fifty-first congress as a republican.
MOHN, THORBJORN N., clergyman,
college president, was born in 1844 in
Norway. He has filled pastorates in Chi
cago, and for twenty-two years in St.
Paul, Minn. He is the president of St.
Olaf college of Northfield, Minn.
MOISE, PENINA, poet, was born April
23, 1797, in Charleston, S. C. She was the
author of a volume of poems entitled
Fancy's Sketch-Book. She died Sept. 13,
1880, in Charleston, S. C.
MOLDENKE, CHARLES EDWARD, au
thor, was born Oct. 10, 1860, in Prussia.
He published the text of the New York
obelisk, with explanations, the first print
in hieroglyphic type ever issued in Amer
ica; and The World's Most Ancient Fairy-
Tale, the Two Brothers, in hieratic.
MOLDENKE, EDWARD FREDERICK,
clergyman, journalist, author, poet, was
born Aug. 10, 1836, in Prussia. In 1865
he was editor of the Gemeindeblatt at
Watertown, Wis.; and has been editor of
Siloah, a monthly paper of the general
council in the interest of German home
missions, since 1882. He is the author of
Luther-Buchlein, a poem.
MOLINEUX, EDWARD LESLIE, sol
dier, was born Oct. 12, 1833, in London,
England. At the beginning of the war
he was lieutenant-colonel of the twenty-
third regiment New York national guard;
and in 1862 went to the front as colonel
of the one hundred and fifty-ninth
New York volunteers. He participated
in the campaigns of Port Hudson, Red
River, Petersburg, and in the Shenandoah
Valley; and he received the brevet of
major-general in 1865. In 1880 he was
. appointed brigadier-general of the elev
enth brigade of the New York national
guard; and in 1885 was elected major-
general of the second division. General
Molineux is a member of the New York
firm of C. T. Raynolds and Company, the
largest paint house in the United States.
He has contributed to current literature
various papers on military subjects.
666
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MOLONY. RICHARD S., physician, con
gressman, was born in Northfield, N. H.
He was a representative from Illinois to
the thirty-second congress.
MOMBERGER, WILLIAM, artist, was
born June 7, 1829, in Germany. He built
a studio at Morrisania, N. Y., where he
has painted several landscapes, among
the Catskills; Through the Woods; Har
vest Moon; and Island on the Susque-
hanna River.
MOMBERT, JACOB ISIDOR, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 6, 1829, in Ger
many. He is an episcopal clergyman of
Paterson, N. J.; and the author of Faith
Victorious; Handbook of the English Ver
sions of the Bible; Great Lives; History
of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; His
tory of Charles the Great; and Short His
tory of the Crusades.
MONARCH, MARTIN V., railroad presi
dent, was born in 1842 in Kentucky. In
1889 he became president of the Owens-
boro Falls of Rough and Green River rail
road.
MONDELL, FRANK W., congressman,
was born Nov. 5, 1860, in St. Louis, Mo.
He is a successful discoverer, developer,
and manager of ex
tensive coal interests
at Newcastle, Wyo.,
of which city he has
served five times as
mayor. He attended
the local district
schools of Iowa; and
received instruction
in the higher
branches from a pri
vate tutor. He en
gaged in mercantile
pursuits and in rail
way construction in various western states
and territories; and settled in Wyoming
in 1887. He was elected mayor of the
new town of Newcastle in 1888, and served
until 1895. He was elected a member of
the first state senate in 1890; and served
as president of that body at the session of
1892. He was a delegate to the republican
national convention at Minneapolis in
1892; and was elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a republican. In 1897 he was
appointed assistant commissioner of the
general land office.
MONELL, ROBERT, congressman, was
born in Columbia county. N. Y. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1819 to 1821, and again from 1829
to 1831. He died in December, 1860.
MONEY, HERNANDO DE SOTO, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Aug. 26, 1839, in Holmes county,
• Miss. He received his
education in the uni
versity of Missis
sippi. He was a
member of the forty-
fourth, forty - fifth,
I forty - sixth, forty-
r! seventh, forty-
| eighth, fifty-third,
and fifty-fourth con
gresses as a demo
crat. In 1896-97 he
was appointed a
member of the
United States senate to fill a vacancy;
and was elected for a full term com
mencing March 4, 1899. He was a del
egate to the Baltimore convention of 1872;
and of the Chicago convention of 1896.
MONFORT, FRANCIS CASSETTE,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 1, 1844,
in Greensburg, Ind. He is a presbyterian
minister and editor of Cincinnati; and
the author of Sermons for Silent Sab
baths; and Socialism and City Evangeli
zation.
MONFORT, FRANKLIN P., lawyer, ju
rist, was born June 6, 1842, in Shelby,
Mich. He graduated from the law depart
ment of the university of Michigan; has
been justice of the peace; circuit court
commissioner; for three terms was pros
ecuting attorney of Macomb county,
Mich.; and now has a large practice in
Mt. Clemens, Mich.
MONIS, JUDAH, educator, author, was
born Feb. 4, 1683, in Italy. From 1722
till 1761 he taught Hebrew in Harvard
university. He published Truth, Whole'
Truth, Nothing but the Truth; and A
Hebrew Grammar. He died April 25, 1764,
in Northborough, Mass.
MONK, EDWARD R., lawyer, jurist,
was born Jan. 31, 1854, in Alliance, Ohio.
He has been county judge of Tombstone
county, Ariz., and also probate judge of
the same place. He is a successful lawyer
of Tucson, Ariz.; has been receiver in
the United States land office; civil ser
vice examiner; and secretary of the board
of regents of the university of Arizona.
MONNETT, HAMLIN VIRGIL, soldier,
physician, surgeon, was born Aug. 21, 1843,
in Bucyrus, Ohio. He received the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in the public
schools of his native
city; attended the
Hospital Medical col
lege of St. Joseph,
Mo.; and graduated
from the Marion
Sims College of Med
icine at St. Louis, Mo.
During the war he
served in the eighty-
sixth and one hun
dred and thirty-sixth
regiments Ohio volunteer infantry. He
commenced life as a school teacher, and
has attained prominence as one of the
leading physicians of Iowa, where he has
a large practice, with headquarters at
Orient.
MONROE. ANDREW, clergyman, was
born Oct. 29, 1792, in Hampshire county,
Va. He was a pioneer worker in Ken
tucky, Tennessee, and Missouri; and a
memher during his life of eleven general
conferences. He died Nov. 18, 1871, in
Mexico.
MONROE, HARRIET, author, poet, was
born in 1860 in Illinois. She is a poet
of Chicago; and the author of Valeria,
and Other Poems; and Life of John Well
born Root.
MONROE, JAMES, fifth president of the
United States, was born April 28, 1758, in
the county of Westmoreland, Va., and
graduated at William
and Mary college in
1776. He then joined
the continental army,
where he remained
three years, and was
promoted to the rank
of captain. He then
commenced the
study of law under
Thomas Jefferson,
and in 1782 he was
elected to the Vir
ginia legislature. The
next year he was chosen one of the exe
cutive council, in which he continued un
til 1783, when he was elected a member of
the continental congress, and held that
office three years. During his attendance
at New York, in 1785, as a member of
congress, he married a daughter of Mr.
L. Kortright. In 1787 he was elected to
the state legislature, and in 1788 he was
a member of the convention to decide up
on the adoption of the new constitution.
He was elected United States senator in
1788, and at the expiration of his term,
in 1794, he was appointed envoy extraor
dinary and minister plenipotentiary to the
court of Versailles, and was recalled in
1796. In 1799 he was elected governor of
Virginia, and served the constitutional
term of three years. In 1803 he was ap
pointed envoy extraordinary to France, to
negotiate for the purchase of Louisiana.
In 1810 he was elected to the legislature
and the same year was commissioned
minister plenipotentiary to England. In
1811 Mr. Monroe was again elected gov
ernor of Virginia, but was soon after ap
pointed secretary of state by President
Madison, and in 1814 he was appointed to
the war department, which he took with
out relinquishing the former post. He
was elected president of the United States
in 1816, and was inaugurated March 4,
1817; he was re-elected in 1820, and took
the oath of office March 5, 1821, the 4th
being Sunday. His term of office expired
March 4, 1825, and he retired to his resi
dence in Loudoun county, Va., where he
resided until 1831, when he removed to
New York city, and took up his residence
with his son-in-law. He died on the 4th
of July, 1831. Monroe held office twenty-
six years. He died so poor that he was
buried at the expense of his relatives. He
was the author of State Papers; Tour of
Observation in 1817; The People: The
Sovereigns; and View of the Conduct of
the Executive in the Foreign Affairs of
the United States.
MONROE, JAMES, soldier, congress
man, was born Sept. 10, 1799, in Albe-
marle, Va. He was in congress in 1839-41
from New York; and was chosen again
in 1846, but his seat was contested, and
congress ordered a new election, at which
he refused to be a candidate. In 1850-52
he was in the New York legislature. He
died Sept. 7, 1870, in Orange, N. J.
MONROE, JAMES, educator, United
States senator, congressman, was born
July 18. 1821, in Plainfleld, Conn. He
was a professor in Oberlin college from
1849 until 1862. He was a member of the
Connecticut state house of representa
tives in 1856-59, and of the state senate
in 1860-62; and was chosen president of
the senate in 1861, and again in 1862. He
was United States consul at Rio Janeiro
from 1863 to 1869; serving for several
months of 1869 as charge d' affaires ad
interim at that capital. He was elected
to the forty-second, forty-third, and forty-
fourth congresses; and was re-elected to
the forty-fifth and forty-sixth congresses.
Since leaving congress he has filled the
chair of political science and modern his
tory in Oberlin college.
MONROE, THOMAS B., lawyer, jurist,
was a citizen of Kentucky. In 1834 he
was appointed United States judge for
the district of Kentucky.
MONROE, V., lawyer, jurist, was born
in Kentucky. He was appointed an asso
ciate justice of the United States court
for the territory of Washington, residing
at Olympia.
MONROE, WILL S., educator, lecturer,
poet, was born in Wyoming Valley, Pa.
For three years he was city superintend
ent of schools of Pasadena. Cal. He is
the author of Poets and Prose Writers
of Wyoming Valley; and his poems have
appeared in Peterson's Magazine, Journal
of Education, and other publications.
MONSARRAT, NICHOLAS, railroad
president, was born March 1, 1839, in Can
ada. Since 1895 he has been president of
the Columbus, Sandusky and Hocking
railroad.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
66T
MONTAGUE, CHARLES HOWARD,
journalist, author, was born in 1858 in
Massachusetts. He was a journalist of
Boston, city editor of The Globe; and
the author of The Romance of the Lilies;
The Face of Rosenfel; Two Strokes of
the Bell; The Doctor's Mistake; and The
Countess Muta. He died in 1889.
MONTAGUE, ROBERT L., jurist, legis
lator, congressman, was born May 23, 1819,
in Middlesex county, Va. He served in
the confederate congress of Virginia from
1863 until it ceased to exist. In 1873 he
was elected judge of the eighth judicial
circuit, and for several years he was pres
ident of the General Baptist association
of Virginia. He died March 4, 1880.
MONTAGUE, WILLIAM LEWIS, cler
gyman, author, was born April 6, 1831, in
Belchertown, Mass. He is a congregation
al clergyman, professor of modern lan
guages at Amherst college since 1862;
and the author of Comparative Spanish
Grammar; Manual of Italian Grammar;
and Introduction to Italian Literature.
MONTANYA, J. D. L., legislator, con
gressman, was born in New York. He
served two years in the assembly of that
state; and was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1839 to 1841.
MONTEPIORE, JOSEPH H., journalist,
lawyer, was born March 19, 1848, in St.
Albans, Vt. He learned the printer's
trade in all its branches; served one year
as a soldier in the army of the gulf; was
admitted to the bar; and was the editor
of the successful daily and weekly news
paper of his native city before he was
twenty-one years of age. During 1873-78
he was the editor of the Baldwin Bulle
tin, Hammond Independent, and Wilson
Pioneer, three papers issued from one of
fice in Wisconsin. During 1878-80 he was
a writer for the St. Paul Globe and the
Minneapolis Tribune; and then became
proprietor and editor of the Minneapolis
Herald. Since 1880 he has practiced law
in St. Albans, Vt.
MONTEFIORE, JOSHUA, lawyer, au
thor, was born Aug. 10, 1762, in London,
England. He was the author of Commer
cial and Notatorial Precedents; Commer
cial Dictionary; Traders' Compendium;
United States Traders' Compendium; Law
and Treatise on Bookkeeping; and Laws
of Land and Sea. He died June 26, 1843,
in St. Albans, Vt.
MONTGOMERY, ALEXANDER B., ju
rist, state senator, congressman, was born
Dec. 11, 1837, in Hardin county, Ky. He
was elected county judge of Hardin coun
ty, Ky., in 1870, serving till 1874; and he
was elected to the state senate in 1877,
serving till 1881. He was elected to the
fiftieth, fifty-first, and fifty-second con
gresses, and re-elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
MONTGOMERY, BENJAMIN P., law
yer, politician, was born Feb. 28, 1834, in
Richland county, Ohio. He received a
liberal education in the common schools
and at the academy of Ashland, Ohio.
He has attained success as an able lawyer
in Colorado Springs, Colo.; and has been
a delegate to four national democratic
conventions.
MONTGOMERY, DANIEL, congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Pennsylvania from 1807 to
1809.
MONTGOMERY, GEORGE WASHING
TON, clergyman, author, was born April
6, 1810, in Portland, Maine. He is a uni-
versalist clergyman of Rochester, N. Y. ;
and the author of Illustrations of the Law
of Kindness; and Sermons.
MONTGOMERY, JABEZ, educator, sci
entist, was born Oct. 5, 1839, in Plain-
field, Ind. He received his education at
the Michigan university, from which in
stitution he received in course the de
grees of B. S., M. S., and Ph. D. During
1867-79 he was professor of science at the
Woodstock college, Ontario; and while
teaching there he raised money and built
the largest astronomical observatory in
the dominion at that time; and for nine
years he there filled the position of di
rector of the chief meteorological station.
During 1881-83 he taught physics and
chemistry in the Indianapolis High
school; and during 1883-89 filled the chair
of natural science in the Kalamazoo col
lege, Michigan. Since 1890 he has been
engaged in the Ann Arbor High school
as teacher of astronomy, botany and
chemistry.
MONTGOMERY, JOHN, soldier, con
gressman, was born July 6, 1722, in Ire
land. He served as captain in the expe
dition against the Indians under General
John Forbes, his commission bearing the
date of May 7, 1758. He was in other
ways prominent in local affairs, and was
county treasurer in 1767-76. He became a
member of the continental congress. He
died Sept. 3, 1808, in Carlisle, Pa.
MONTGOMERY, JOHN, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1807 to 18il. He was also
mayor of Baltimore.
MONTGOMERY, JOHN ALEXANDER,
railroad president, was born Aug. 30, 1851,
in Lewisburg, Vt. Since 1888 he has been
president of the Mary Lee Coal and Rail
way company at Birmingham, Ala.
MONTGOMERY, JOHN BERRIEN, na
val officer, was born Nov. 17, 1794, in Al-
lentown, N. J. He served in the various
wars of the United States; and in 1866
was placed on the retired list as rear ad
miral. In 1813 he received a sword and
thanks of congress for services in Perry's
victory on Lake Erie.
MONTGOMERY, JOHN G., lawyer, leg
islator, congressman, was born in 1805 in
Northumberland, Pa. He was elected to
the Pennsylvania state legislature in 1855;
and was elected a member of the thirty-
fifth congress from Pennsylvania, but
died before taking his seat. He died April
24, 1857, in Danville, Pa.
MONTGOMERY, JOSEPH, congress
man. He was a delegate from Pennsyl
vania to the continental congress from
1780 to 1784. He died Oct. 14, 1794, in
Harrisburg, Pa.
MONTGOMERY, JUSTIN ROBERT M.,
lawyer, jurist, was born May 12, 1849, in
Eaton Rapids, Mich. Since 1877 he has
practiced law in Grand Rapids, Mich.;
and was assistant United States attorney
from that time until 1881. In that year
he was elected judge of the seventeenth
judicial circuit; was re-elected and served
until 1888. In 1891 he was elected a jus
tice of the supreme court of Michigan for
term expiring in 1901.
MONTGOMERY, MARCUS WHITMAN,
clergyman, author, was born in 1839 in
New York. He was a congregational cler
gyman, instructor in Chicago Theological
seminary since 1890; and the author OL
History of Jay County, Indiana; A Wind
from the Holy Spirit; and The Mormon
Delusion. He died in 1894.
MONTGOMERY, MARTIN VAN BU-
REN, soldier, lawyer, legislator, was born
Oct. 20, 1840, in Eaton Rapids, Mich. In
1870 he was elected a representative in
the Michigan state legislature and served
two years. In 1875 he moved to Lansing,
Mich.; in 1876 was a delegate to the demo
cratic national convention; and in 1885
was appointed commissioner of patents in
the department of the interior at Wash
ington. In 1887 ne became associate
judge of the supreme court of Columbia.
MONTGOMERY, RICHARD, soldier,
was born Dec. 2, 1736, in Ireland. He en
tered the British army, and was shortly
afterward ordered to
America. He return
ed to Europe, but
came back to Ameri
ca in 1773, and pur
chased a farm at
King's Bridge, N. Y.
In 1775 he was elect
ed to represent
Dutchess county ia
• the first New York
I provincial conven-
J|B | tion. The same
year he was appoint
ed a brigadier-general; and was killed at
the battle of Quebec, Dec. 31, 1775. A
marble monument was erected to his
memory in New York city.
MONTGOMERY, THOMAS, congress
man, was born in Nelson county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1813 to 1815, and again
from 1821 to 1823. He died April 2, 1828.
MONTGOMERY, THOMAS HARRIS
ON, president of the American Fire In
surance company, was born Feb. 23, 1830,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He attended the uni
versity of Pennsylvania, and in 1851 grad
uated from the Philadelphia College of
Pharmacy. Since 1859 he has been a fire
underwriter, and since 1882 president of
the American Fire Insurance company of
Philadelphia. He is a member of .the
Pennsylvania and New York Historical
societies; of the t>ons of the Revolution,
Colonial Wars, Colonial Society of Penn
sylvania, and various other orders; and
is prominent in the business and public
affairs of his city and state.
MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM, congress
man. He was a representative in congress
from Pennsylvania from 1793 to 1795.
MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM, legislator,
congressman, was born in Guilford coun
ty, N. C. He was elected to the North
Carolina general assembly in 1824, where
he served, with but one intermission, un
til 1834, when he was elected a repre
sentative in congress, and continued in
that position until 1841. He died Nov. 27,
1844.
MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 11, 1819, in
Canton, Pa. He was elected a represent
ative in congress irom Pennsylvania in
1856, serving in the thirty-fifth congress;
and was re-elected to the thirty-sixth con
gress. He died April 28, 1870, in Wash
ington, Pa.
MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM ALEXAN
DER, soldier, farmer, lawyer, legislator,
was born Oct. 18, 1844, in Winston coun
ty, Miss. He left the
Union university of
Murfreesboro, Tenn.,
and enlisted in the
twelfth regiment,
Mississippi infantry;
and after twelve
months joined cav
alry service, was
promoted to captain,
and was engaged in
^A Ifti^. tne Principal fights
W' «B^fcl an<l skirmishes. Af
ter the war he went
to the law school of Lexington, Ky., and
has been a successful lawyer and farmer
of Edwards, Miss. In 1873 he served as
a member of the Mississippi state senate.
He was among the first to raise the cry
against carpet bag rule in Mississippi, and
in 1875 commanded the citizen forces that
went to Jackson to demand that the ne
gro militia companies be disbanded, and
was successful in that demand.
668
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM B., mis
sionary, author, was born about 1790, in
Danville, Pa. In 1833 he completed an
elementary book that contained transla
tions of various passages of Scripture.
This was the first work written in the
Osage language, and was published in
Boston after his death. He died Aug. 17,
1834, in Union Station, Kan.
MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM READ
ING, soldier, was born July 10, 1801, in
Monmouth county, N. J. He took part in
the war with Mexico, and was promoted
to major in 1852. In 1861 he was com
missioned a brigadier-general of volun
teers, and subsequently became military
governor of Alexandria, Va. He died May
31, 1871, in Bristol, Pa.
MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM WATTS,
lawyer, jurist, was born Nov. 11, 1827, in
Augusta, Ga. In 1872 he was appointed
judge of the supreme court of Georgia.
MONTGOMERY, ZACHARIAH, con
gressman, was born March 6, 1825, in Nel
son county, Ky. In 1856 he was appointed
district attorney or Sutter county, Gal.;
and was re-elected. In 1860 he was elect
ed a representative in the California leg
islature; ana in 1885 was appointed
United States attorney-general for the de
partment of the interior.
MONTI, LUIGI, educator, author, was
born in 1810 in Sicily. He is an educa
tor of New York city who appears in
Longfellow's Tales of a Wayside Inn as
The. Young Sicilian. He is the author of
An American Consul Abroad; and Leone,
a. novel.
MOOAR, GEORGE, educator, clergy
man, author, was born in 1830 in Massa
chusetts. He is a congregational clergy
man, and professor in Pacific Theological
seminary at Oakland, Cal., since 1870. He
is the author of The Religion of Loyalty;
and Prominent Characteristics of Congre
gational Churches.
MOODY, DWIGHT LYMAN, evangelist,
author, was born Feb. 5, 1837, in North-
field, Mass. He is a celebrated evangelist.
Among his more important writings are
The Second Coming of Christ; The Way
and the Word; Secret Power; The Way
to God; Glad Tidings; Great Joy; To All
People; Bible Characters; and How to
Study the Bible.
MOODY, FRANK SIMS, lawyer, bank
er, state senator, was born Oct. 29, 1849,
in Tuskaloosa. Ala. In 1877 he was elect
ed president of the First National bank of
Tuskaloosa, Ala. He was elected in 1894
to the Alabama state senate.
MOODY, GIDEON C., soldier, lawyer,
jurist. United States senator, was born
Oct. 16, 1832, in Cortland, N. Y. He moved
to Dakota in 1864;
was a member of the
house of representa
tives of Dakota ter
ritory in 1867-69,
and in 1874; and was
speaker of the house
in 1868-69 and in
1874. He was ap
pointed associate
justice of the su
preme court of Da
kota territory in
1878, and served as
such until April 1, 1883. He was elected
by the legislature which assembled under
the constitution of 1885 as one of the
United States senators for the state of
South Dakota; was again elected one of
the United States senators for the state of
South Dakota in 1889, under the provis
ions of the act of congress admitting
South Dakota and other states into the
union. He took his seat Dec. 2, 1889; his
term of service expired March 3, 1891.
MOODY, JOEL, lawyer, state senator,
author, was born Oct. 28, 1834, in New
Brunswick. From 1865-81 he served in
the Kansas state leg
islature; for four
years was assistant
secretary of the sen
ate; and tfien be
came a state senator
and a regent of the
university of Kan
sas. He is the au
thor of Science of
Evil; Junius Un
masked; and a vol
ume of poems, enti
tled The Song of
Kansas. His poems have also been in
cluded in several standard collections.
MOODY, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 4, 1676, in Newbury, Mass.
He was instrumental in founding a con
gregational church in Providence, R. I.,
and possessed great influence among the
churches. His publications include State
of the Damned; Judas Hung up in
Chains; and Election Sermon. He died
Nov. 13, 1747.
MOODY, WILLIAM H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 23, 1853, in New
bury, Mass. He was district attorney for
the eastern district of Massachusetts from
1890 to 1895; he was elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican, at a spe
cial election, to fill a vacancy; and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
MOODY, WILLIAM LEWIS, soldier,
merchant, state legislator, was born May
19, 1828, in Essex county, Va. In 1866 he
removed to Galveston and entered the
cotton factorage business, his firm now
being W. L. Moody and Co. He was
president of the Galveston cotton ex
change for thirteen years. In 1874 he was
elected a representative to the Texas leg
islature, and during the same session be
came financial agent for Texas, for the
sale of its bonds, and as such successfully
negotiated the loan.
MOODY, ZENAS F., soldier, surveyor,
merchant, state legislator, governor, was
born May 27, 1832, in Granby, Mass. He
settled in Oregon in 1851; was a surveyor;
and in 1856 was appointed government
inspector of the United States surveys in
California. For many years he was a
mail contractor between The Dalles and
Portland. In 1880 he was elected a mem
ber of the state legislature; and was
speaker of the house the following ses
sion. In 1882 he was elected governor of
Oregon, and served for four years.
MOOERS, BENJAMIN, soldier, state
legislator, was born April 1, 1758, in Hav-
erhill, Mass. In 1783 he settled in the vi
cinity of Plattsburg, N. Y., then a wilder
ness, was for eight years a member of the
New York legislature, and held various
other offices. He w*s a major-general of
militia, and as such commanded at the
battle of Plattsburg, in 1814. He died Feb.
20, 1838, in Plattsburg, N. Y.
MOON, JOHN AUSTIN, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born April 22, 1855, in
Albemarle county, Va. He was elected
attorney for the city of Chattanooga,
Tenn., in 1881 and 1882; and was appoint
ed special circuit judge in 1889, and twice
reappointed, and held the office contin
uously under special commissions until
1891. He was appointed as regular
judge for the fourth circuit, and held
under this commission until 1892. when
he was elected circuit judge; and was re-
elected in 1894 for a term of eight years.
He was elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
MOON, JOHN W., merchant, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Jan. 18, 1836,
in Wayne county, Mich. He was elected
to the Michigan state senate in 1884, and
re-elected in 1886; and was elected to the
fifty-third congress as a republican.
MOONEY, EDWARD LUDLOW, artist,
was born March 25, 1813, in New York
city. He executed six admirable copies
of Inman's portrait
of Martin Van Bu-
ren. He was elected
an associate of the
academy in 1839,
4*9 * ,' and an academician
in 1840. Among
them were like-
\4** * nesses of Commo-
^•f^^^^i dore Oliver H. Perry
^^JM^fl ^^ ;""' "' Governor
^^^^H william H. Seward,
l^Hl jflHHH the latter now in the
state house at Al
bany, also that of Achmet Ben Aman,
the commander of the Imam of Muscat's
frigate Sultan, purchased by the common
council of New York. He died July 10,
1887, in New York city.
MOONEY, SAMUEL L., railroad presi
dent, was born June 14, 1813, in Pow-
hatan, Ohio. Since 1881 he has been pres
ident of the Bellaire, Janesville and Cin
cinnati railroad.
MOOR, WYMAN BRADLEY SEVEY,
lawyer, state legislator, United States sen
ator, was born Nov. 3, 1814, in Water-
ville, Maine. He was a member of the
Maine legislature in i«39; and was at
torney-general of that state from 1844
to 1848. By appointment he succeeded
John Fairfield as a senator in congress,
serving from January to June, 1848. He
subsequently devoted much attention to
the railroad interests of his state; and in
1857 was appointed consul general for the
British American provinces. He died
Feb. 16, 1869, in Lynchburg, Va.
MOORE, ALFRED, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 21, 1755, in Bruns
wick county, N. C. In 1790 he was elected
attorney-general of North Carolina; and
was appointed judge in 1798. He was as
sociate judge of the supreme court of the
United States from 1799 to 1805. He died
Oct. 15, 1810, in Belfont, N. C.
MOORE, ALANSON WOOD, lawyer,
legislator, was born Nov. 14, 1838, in De
Kalb county, Ga. He was elected to the
Louisiana state legislature in 1892, and
was re-elected in 1894. He has delivered
lectures on Intellectual, Moral and Phys
ical Culture; and is an ardent prohibi
tionist.
MOORE. ANDREW, congressman, was
born in 1752 in Canniscello, Va. He was
a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1789 to 1797, and again from
1803 to 1804, when he was appointed to
the United States senate. He died April
14, 1821, near Lexington, Va.
MOORE, ANDREW B., educator, gov
ernor. He was governor of Alabama from
1857 to 1863. He died April 5, 1873, in
Marion, Ala.
MOORE, MRS. ANNIE AUBERTINE
[WOODWARD], author, was born Sept.
27, 1841, in Montgomery county, Pa. She
is a Wisconsin translator of note from the
Norse; co-translator with Anderson of
Bjornson's novels, and editor of Echoes
from Mist Land.
MOORE, AUDREY C., journalist, phy
sician, was born March 12, 1867, in La
Grange, Mo. He is a prominent physician
of Anaheim, Cal.; and is the editor and
owner of the Osteopath, a medical jour
nal. He is vice-president of the Pacific
School of Osteopathy, and demonstrator
in osteopathy in that institution.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
669
MOORE, AUGUSTA, poet. She has
contributed a number of poems to the
leading periodical and local press of
Maine.
MOORE, BARTHOLOMEW FIGURES,
lawyer, state legislator, was born Jan. 29,
1801, in Halifax county, N. C. He was
in the North Carolina legislature in 1836-
44. He was attorney-general of North
Carolina in 1848, and was appointed to
revise the laws of that state in 1849-54.
He died Nov. 27, 1878, in Raleigh, N. C.
MOORE, CHARLES, journalist, author,
was born March 29, 1801, in Boston, Mass.
He was a successful journalist and author
of Boston, Mass.; and founded Zion's Her
ald in 1823.
MOORE, CHARLES CALDWELL, in
ventor, was born Feb. 13, 1830, in Marion,
N. Y. He served in the civil war and was
made quartermaster, serving in that ca
pacity for three years. In 1865 he in
vented and patented the Moore's cush
ioned blotter.
MOORE, CHARLES HERBERT, edu
cator, author, was born in 1840 in New
York. He is a professor of art at Har
vard university, and the author of The
Development and Character of Gothic
Architecture, a work of much value; and
Examples for Elementary Practice in De
lineation.
MOORE, CHARLES LEONARD, law
yer, author, poet, was born March 16, 1854,
in Philadelphia. He is a lawyer and poet
of Philadelphia; and the author of Poems
Antique and Modern; Banquet of Pala-
cios, a Comedy; and A Book of Day
Dreams, a volume of poems.
MOORE, MRS. CLARA [JESSUP], au
thor, poet, was born Feb. 16, 1824, in Phil
adelphia. She is a Philadelphia author
who lived much abroad, mainly in Lon
don. She is the author of Master Jacky's
Holidays; Frank and Fanny; The Dia
mond Cross; Mabel's Mission; Poems and
Stories; On Dangerous Ground, a novel;
Gondaline's Lesson; Sensible Etiquette;
Slander and Gossip; Social Ethics; and
The Warden's Tale, and Other Poems.
MOORE, CLEMENT CLARKE, edu
cator, author, poet, was born July 15, 1779,
in New York city. He was an educator of
New York city, and professor of oriental
literature in the General Theological sem
inary in 1821-63. He published a Hebrew-
English Lexicon and a volume of poems,
but is more widely known as the author
of the famous poem, The Visit of St.
Nicholas. He died July 10, 1863, in New
port, R. I.
MOORE, DAVID ALBERT, physician,
author, was born Nov. 8, 1814, in Lansing,
N. Y. He is a physician of Syracuse, and
the author of A Panorama of Time; and
How She Won Him.
MOORE, DUNLOP, clergyman, author,
was born July 25, 1830, in Ireland. Since
1875 he has been pastor of the First Pres
byterian church of New Brighton, Pa.
He assisted in translating the Scriptures
into the Gujurati language, wrote treatises
on Mohammedanism and Jainism, and
edited a monthly periodical, The Gnyan-
dipaka, in the same tongue.
MOORE, EDWIN WARD, naval officer,
was born in 1811, in Alexandria, Va. In
1836 he was selected by the new govern
ment of Texas for the chief command of
its navy, with the rank of commodore.
He died Oct. 5, 1865, in New York city.
MOORE, ELIAK1M HASTINGS, sur
veyor, banker, congressman, was born
June 19, 1812, in Worcester county, Mass.
From 1836 to 1846 he was county surveyor
of Ohio; and from 1846 to 1860 county
auditor. He was a director, and then
president for many years, of the Athens
branch of the State Bank of Ohio, and
subsequently of the First National bank
of Athens. In 1862 he was appointed a
collector of internal revenue; and in 1868
was elected a representative from Ohio
to the forty-first congress.
MOORE, ELY, journalist, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1835 to .1839. He was ap
pointed Indian agent in Kansas territory;
and at the time of his death was register
of a land office in Kansas. He died Jan.
26, 1860.
MOORE, ERASMUS DARWIN, clergy
man, author, was born Sept. 30, 1802, in
Winsted, Conn. He was a congregational
minister and editor of Boston, and the
author of Life Scenes in Mission Fields;
and The New Heart. He died in 1889.
MOORE, FRANK, author, was born
Dec. 17, 1828, in Concord, N. H. He is a
writer of New York city who has edited
a Cyclopedia of American Eloquence; and
The Rebellion Record, and other com
pilations. Women of the War is one of
his original works.
MOORE, FREDERIC A., journalist,
poet, was born Feb. 11, 1826, in Bristol,
N. H. He is the autnor of The Book of
Gems.
MOORE, GABRIEL, congressman, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born
about 1790, in Stokes county, N. C. He
was a representative in congress from
Alabama from 1822 to 1829; governor of
the state from 1829 to 1831; and a senator
in congress from 1831 to 1837. He died
June 9, 1844, in Caddo, Texas.
MOORE, GEORGE HENRY, author,
was born April 20, 1823, in Concord, N. H.
He was the superintendent of the Lenox
library, New York city, from 1872 till his
death. He was the author of History of
the Jurisprudence of New York; Treason
of Charles Lee; Notes on the History of
Slavery in Massachusetts; Washington as
an Angler; and Employment of Negroes
in the Revolutionary Army. He died in
1892.
MOORE, HARRY HUMPHREY, artist,
was born July 2, 1844, in New York city.
His works, which are cmefly on Moorish,
Spanish and Japanese subjects, include
Almeh, the figure of a Moorish dancer
in the Alhambra, for which he received a
medal at the Philadelphia Centennial ex
hibition in 1876; The Blind Guitar Player;
A Moorish Bazaar; A milgarian; A Moor
ish Merchant; A Morning Call in Japan;
The Daimio; and A Garden Party at the
Alhambra.
MOORE, HEMAN ALLEN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1810, in Plainfield,
Vt. He was appointed adjutant-general
of the Ohio state militia; and was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
fiom 1843 to the time of his death. He
died April 3, 1844, in Columbus, Ohio.
MOORE, HENRIETTA G., universalist
minister, temperance worker, lecturer,
was born in Newark, Ohio. For a number
of years she was en
gaged in educational
work; and then took
up the temperance
crusade movement.
As a temperance or
ganizer she has la
bored in every state
and territory in the
union. In 1891 she
was regularly or
dained a minister of
the universalist
church by the Ohio
universalist convention in Columbus. She
fills a pastorate in Springfield, Ohio; and
is also prominently identified with the
prohibitionists.
MOORE, HENRY, governor of New
York, was born in 1713, in Jamaica, W. I.
He was the only native colonist that was
ever governor of New York. He died
Sept. 11, 1769, in New York city.
MOORE, HENRY D., merchant, con
gressman, was born April 17, 1817, in
Goshen, N. Y. He was a representative
in congress from Pennsylvania from 1849
to 1853; and for several years after leav
ing congress was treasurer of Pennsyl
vania.
MOORE, HENRY EATON, journalist,
composer, was born July 31, 1803, in An-
dover, N. H. He established and edited
the Grafton Journal in Plymouth, N. H.,
in 1824-26, and subsequently taught music
in Concord, N. H., and in Cambridge,
Mass. A short time before his death he
began the publication of the Boston
Eoliad, a weekly musical journal. His
publications include The Musical Cate
chism, and other musical works. He died
Oct. 23, 1831, in East Cambridge, Mass.
MOORE, HORACE L., soldier, mer
chant, congressman, was born Feb. 25,
1837, in Mantua, Ohio. He enlisted as a pri-
vate soldier in the
second Kansas in-
fantry May 14, 1861,
and served continu-
ously until June 30,
1865, when he was
mustered out of the
service as lieuten
ant-colonel of the
fourth Arkansas
cavalry; and com
manded the eight
eenth and nine
teenth regiments of
Kansas cavalry in the United States serv
ice, serving against the Indians on the
plains in 1867-68. He has been engaged
in mercantile pursuits since the close of
his service in the army, except for two
years, when he was treasurer of Douglas
county, Kansas. He was elected to the
fifty-third congress. He is now engaged
in compiling a genealogy of the Moore
family.
MOORE, HORATIO NEWTON, author,
was born in 1814 in New Jersey. He was
the author of Orlando, a tragedy; The
Regicide, a drama; Memoir of the Du-
anes; Mary Morris, a novel; and Lives of
Marion and Wayne. He died Aug. 26,
1859, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MOORE, JACOB BAILEY, journalist,
author, was born Oct. 31, 1797, in An-
dover, N. H. He was a journalist who
was postmaster of San Francisco in 1849-
53, and the author of Laws of Trade in
the United States; Gazetteer of New
Hampshire; and Annals of Concord, New
Hampshire. He died Sept. 1, 1853, in
Bellows Falls, N. Y.
MOORE, JAMES, governor, was born
about 1640 in Ireland. He emigrated to
this country about 1665, settled in
Charleston, S. C., and in 1700 was gov
ernor of the state. He died in 1729 in
Charleston, S. C.
MOORE, JAMES, soldier, was born in
1737, in New Hanover, N. C. He served
in the revolutionary war and was pro
moted brigadier-general; made command-
er-in-chief of the southern department,
and received the thanks of congress. He
died Jan. 15, 1777, in Wilmington, N. C.
MOORE, JEHIEL TUTTLE, physician,
surgeon, lecturer, was born Oct. 4, 1848,
in Ontario, Canada. He was dean of the
Minneapolis college of physicians and
surgeons for thirteen years, and lecturer
on theory and practice of medicine for
the past fourteen years.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MOORE, JESSE HALE, soldier, edu-
•cator, clergyman, congressman, was born
April 22, 1817, in St. Clair county, 111.
He served in the civil war and was bre-
vetted a brigadier-general. After the war
he re-entered the pulpit, and was pre
siding elder at Decatur. In 1868 he was
•elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-first congress; and was re-elect-
•ed to the forty-second congress.
MOORE, JOHN, state legislator, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1788,
in Berkeley county, Va. From 1825 to
1834 he was a member of the Ixiuisiana
state legislature; and also served several
years in the state senate. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Louisiana
from 1841 to 1843, and again from 1851 to
1853. He died in June, 1867, in Louisiana.
MOORE, JOHN, Roman catholic bishop,
was born June 27, 1835, in Ireland. He
was consecrated second bishop of St.
Augustine, Fla., in the pro-cathedral,
Charleston, in 1877.
MOORE, JOHN GODFREY, founder,
was born July 7, 1847, in Steubeu, Maine.
In 1880, when the Western Union tele
graph Co. had ap
parently absorbed
all its rivals, Messrs.
Evans and Moore
entertained the idea
of constructing lines
-y ,f connecting the prin
cipal cities and of
leasing wires to
bankers and mer
chants during busi
ness hours and to
newspapers at night.
Abundant capital
was forthcoming for the purpose, and the
projectors had soon stretched wires, con
necting the cities of New York, Boston
and Washington. Finally, the Western
Union Telegraph Co. purchased the lines
of the American Union Telegraph Co.,
and then Mr. Moore organized the Mutual
Union Telegraph Co.
MOORE, JOHN WEEKS, author, was
born April 11, 1807, in Andover, N. H.
He was the author of Historical Gather
ings Relating to Printers, Printing, and
Publishing. He died in 1889.
MOORE, JOSEPH B., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born Nov. 3, 1845, in
Commerce, Mich. Since 1868 he has prac
ticed law in L'apeer, Mich. For eight
years he served as judge of the sixth ju
dicial circuit; was a member of the state
senate in 1879; was prosecuting attorney
of Lapeer county for two terms; and in
1895 was elected justice of the supreme
court.
MOORE, JOSEPH WEST, author. He
is the author of Picturesque Washington;
The American Congress; and A History
•of National Legislation and Political
Events.
MOORE, JUDSON L., musician, com
poser, was born Sept. 12, 1857, in Bethle
hem, Ga. He is the author of a number
of pieces of Sunday-school and singing
class music.
MOORE, LABAN T., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Jan. 13, 1829, in
Cabell county, Va. He was elected a rep
resentative from Kentucky to the thirty-
sixth congress; and served as a colonel
in the army during the rebellion.
MOORE, LITTLETON WILDE, soldier,
jurist, congressman, was born in 1835 in
Alabama. He was elected to the constitu
tional convention of Texas in 1875; was
elected district judge in 1876; and re
mained upon the bench till 1885. He was
•elected to the fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses; and was re-elected to the flfty-
.second congress as a democrat.
have appeared
MOORE, LUCAS, farmer, public official,
was born July 8, 1861, in Washington
county, Ky. He is a successful farmer of
Lebanon, Ky. ; and commissioner of agri
culture, labor and statistics for the state
of Kentucky.
MOORE, MARSHAL F., governor, was
born in New York. He moved to Ohio
and was appointed from that state gov
ernor of the territory of Washington, re
siding at Olympia.
MOORE, MARTIN, clergyman, journal
ist, author, was born April 22, 1790, in
Sterling, Mass. He edited the Boston Re
corder twenty years, and in 1861-66 was a
vice-president of the New England his
toric-genealogical society. He published
a History of Natick; and Life of John
Eliot. He died March 12, 1866, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
MOORE, MARTIN V., author, poet, was
born April 12, 1837, in Johnson county,
Tenn. His literary work has been con
fined chiefly to prose
writing, and he has
done much in the
line of editorial
' -*9 flflfln work, in miscellan
eous short stories.
sketches, magazine
articles, book re
views, scientific pa-
|n rs. iinlil iciil anil
historical works.
and is the author of
several large prose
works. His poems
in Harper's Magazine,
Frank Leslie's Sunday Magazine, The
Atlanta Constitution, and in several stan
dard collections.
MOORE, MRS. ELLA MAUDE, poet,
She is a successful writer of Thomaston,
Maine; and the author of a volume of
poems entitled
Songs; and of Sun
shine and Shadow,
which has attracted
favorable notice
from the press and
public. She is also
a constant contrib
utor of poems to the
leading newspapers
and magazines of
the United States;
and her poems have
been given a place
in Poets of America and other standard
collections.
MOORE, MONTA J., lawyer, legislator,
was born March 28, 1866, in Cameron,
Texas. During 1892-94 he was a member of
the state democratic executive committee;
in 1892 was elected a member of the house
of representatives of the Texas legisla
ture. He was defeated for nomination
for congress by Governor George C. Pen-
dleton in 1894; and in 1896 he declined
the nomination for congress. He is one
of the foremost lawyers of the west, and
has a large practice in his native city.
MOORE, NAPOLEON BONAPARTE,
lawyer, banker, legislator, jurist, was
born Sept. 7, 1832, in London, Ohio. He
was county judge of Page county, Iowa,
for several years; and a member of the
senate of that state. Since 1888 he has
resided in Fort Worth, engaged in law
and banking.
MOORE, NATHANIEL P., college pres
ident, author, was born Dec. 25, 1782, in
Newtown, L. I. In 1842-49 he was president
of Columbia college, he was the author
of Ancient Mineralogy; Lectures on
Greek Language and Literature; An In
troduction to Universal Grammar; and a
Historical Sketch of Columbia College.
He died April 7, 1872, in The Highlands
of the Hudson.
MOORE, NICHOLAS R., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1803 to 1811, and again
from 1813 to 1816. He died in 1816 in
Baltimore.
MOORE, ORREN C., journalist, legis
lator, congressman, was born Aug. 10,
1839, in New Hampton, N. H. He is a
journalist, establishing the Nashua Daily
Telegraph in 1869, which he still edits
and conducts. He served six terms in
the lower branch of the New Hampshire
legislature, and one term in the upper
branch; was a member of the state tax
commission; and chairman of the state
railroad commission for three years. He
was elected to the fifty-first congress as
a republican.
MOORE, OSCAR F.. congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1855 to
1857.
MOORE, RICHARD CHANNING, pro-
testant episcopal bishop, was born Aug.
21, 1762, in New York city. He accepted
a call to St. An
drew's, Richmond,
Staten Island, N. Y.,
which he held for
twenty-one years.
He received the de-
-I ••• gree of D. D. from
Dartmouth in 1805.
Inl808 he was a cler
ical deputy to the
general convention
of his church in
Baltimore, Md., and
was chairman of the
committee on additions to us hymnal. In ,
1809 he accepted the rectorship of St.
Stephen's, New York city, where he re
mained for tive years. He was conse
crated bishop of Virginia in 1814. He died
Nov. 11, 1841, in New York city.
MOORE, ROBERT, congressman, was
born in Washington county, Pa. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1817 to 1821.
MOORE, S. McD., soldier, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1833 to 1835; and served in the confeder
ate army during the rebellion.
MOORE, SAMUEL, physician, congress
man, was born Feb. 9, 1796, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1819 to
1822. He died Feb. 18, 1861.
MOORE, MRS. SUSAN TEACKLE
[SMITH], author, was born in Maryland.
She is a novelist of Brooklyn, and the
author of Ryle's Open Gate.
MOORE, SYDENHAM E., soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born in
Rutherford county, Tenn. He was judge
of the county court of Greene county,
Ala., for six years; and for a short time
also of the circuit court of that state. He
resigned his judgeship, and went to Mex
ico as captain of a volunteer company.
On his return home he was elected briga
dier-general of militia. In 1857 he was
chosen a member of the thirty-fifth con
gress; and re-elected to the thirty-sixth
congress. He aiso took part in the rebel
lion as a colonel.
MOORE, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1801 to 1813, and
again trom 1815 to 1817.
MOORE, THOMAS OVERTON. gov
ernor, was born in North Carolina. He
settled in Rapides Parish as a cotton
planter; in 1856 was elected to the state
senate of Louisiana; and in 1860 was
elected governor, serving four years. He
died at his home in June, 1876.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
671
MOORE, THOMAS PATRICK, soldier,
congressman, was born in 1797, in Char
lotte county, Va. He was an officer in
the war. He was a member of congress
from 1823 to 18^9 from Kentucky; and was
minister to the republic of Colombia in
1829. He was lieutenant-colonel in the
regular army during the war with Mex
ico; and his last public position was that
of a member of the convention for re
vising the constitution of Kentucky. He
died July 21, 1853, in Harrodsburg, Ky.
MOORE, THOMAS S., congressman,
was born in Jefferson county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 18*0 to 1823.
MOORE, THOMAS VERNON, clergy
man, author, was born iveb. 1. 1818, in
Newville, Pa. He was a presbyterian
minister of Nashville, and the author of
Last Words of Jesus; God's University,
or the World a School; The Culdee
Church; Corporate Life of the Church;
and The Last Days of Jesus. He died
Aug. 5, 1871, in Nashville, Tenn.
MOORE, WALTER BURRITT, soldier,
lawyer, author, was born Sept. 25, 1836,
in Bristol, Vt. He removed to New York
and with Paul A. Chadbourne he edited
The Public Service of the State of New
York, in three volumes.
MOORE, WILLIAM, lawyer, was born
in 1734, in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1781 he
was elected president of the executive
council of Pennsylvania, resigning in
1782. He died July 24, 1793.
MOORE, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 25, 1810, in
Montgomery county, Pa. He was twice
elected a judge of the court of common
pleas for Atlantic county, N. J., serving in
all ten years. He was elected a repre
sentative from New jersey to the fortieth
and forty-first congresses.
MOORE, WILLIAM EVES, clergyman,
author, was born April 1, 1823, in Stras-
burg, Pa. He is a presbyterian clergy
man of Columbus, Ohio, since 1872; and
the author of New Digest of the General
Assembly; and The Presbyterian Digest.
MOORE, WILLIAM ROBERT, mer
chant, congressman, was born March 28,
1830, in Huntsville, Ala. He was elected
a representative from Tennessee to the
forty-seventh congress as a republican.
MOOnE, WILLIAM j., journalist, con
gressman, was born Nov. 18, 1822, in
Bethlehem, Pa. He was elected to the
forty-third congress from Pennsylvania
as a republican.
MOORE, WILLIAM THOMAS, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born Aug.
27, 1832, in Henry county, Ky. He is a
voluminous writer. Most prominent
among the productions of his pen are,
Views of Life, a beautiful book, full of
practical thoughts on every-day subjects,
and free from pulpit cant; and, the Living
Pulpit of the Christian Church.
MOORE, ZEPHANIAH SWIFT, clergy
man, college president, was born Nov. 20,
1770, in Palmer, Mass. He was president
of Williams college in 1815; and in 1822
became the first president of Amherst
college. He died June 30, 1823, in Am-
lierst, Mass.
MOOREHEAD, WARREN KING, arch
aeologist, author, was born in 1866 in
Italy. He is an archaeologist of Italian
birth, but American parentage, curator
of the Ohio State Archaeological Museum
at Columbus. He is the author of Primi
tive Man in Ohio; Fort Ancient; The
Great Prehistoric Earthwork of Warren
County, Ohio; Waneta, the Sioux, a
Story of Indian Life; and Field Work.
MOORHEAD, JAMES KENNEDY, con
gressman, was born Sept. 7, 1806, in
Halifax, Pa. In 1836 he moved to Pitts-
burg, Pa.; there took ah active part in
improving the navigation of the Monon-
gahela. He was made president of a
company bearing that name, and estab
lished in that city the Union Cotton fac
tory. In 1838 he received the militia title
of adjutant-general. In 1859 he was elect
ed a representative from Pennsylvania to
the thirty-sixth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth, thirty-ninth, and fortieth con
gresses as a republican. He died March
6, 1884, in Pittsburg, Pa.
MORAIS, SABATO, clergyman, was
born April 29, 1824, in Italy. He
took an active part in the establishment
of the conservative Jewish theological
seminary of New York, opened in 1887,
of which he was chosen president, and
has been active in furthering Jewish
charitable and educational progress in
Philadelphia.
MORAN, JANE WORMLEY BLACK
BURN, author, was born Nov. 14, 1842, in
Spring Grove, Va. She is the author of
Miss Washington of Virginia; What a
Man Can do with a Woman's Life; and
other works. She is the wife of Frank
Bergen Moran, a son of the millionaire
banker of New York city, who is well
known by several remarkable books on
government, free trade, and political
economy. She resides in Charlottesville,
Va.
MORAN, LEON, artist, was born in
1863, iu Philadelphia, Pa. He has ex
hibited numerous paintings at the Na
tional academy, which include Waylaid;
An Interrupted Conspiracy; and An
Amateur. Among his most successful
works are The Duel; An Idyl; Eel Fish
ing; and Intercepted Dispatches.
MORAN, MRS. MARY NIMMO, artist,
was born May 10, 1842, in Scotland. She
has attained eminence in America as a
successful artist; and is the wife of the
well known landscape painter.
MORAN, FERCf, artist, was born in
1862, in Philadelphia, Pa. He excels in
portraying female heads and figures, and
his touch is crisp and decided. Among
his recent paintings are Divided Atten
tion, for which he received the first prize
at the New York academy of design in
1886; A Corner of the Studio; and The
Wood Cutter's Daughter.
MORAN, PETER, artist, was born in
1842 in England. He is a successful artist
of Philadelphia, Pa.
MORAN, THOMAS, artist, was born
Jan. 12, 1837, in England. Among his im
portant works are The Pass of Glencoe;
The Mountain of the Holy Cross, which
he exhibited at the Centennial of 1876.
and for which he received a medal and
diploma.
MORDECAI, ALFRED, soldier, author,
was born Jan. 3, 1804, in Warrenton, N. C.
He was a soldier and military engineer;
secretary of the Pennsylvania Canal com
pany since 1867; and the author of Digest
of Military Laws; Ordnance Manual; Re
ports of Gunpowder Experiments; and
Artillery for United States Land Service.
He died Oct. 23, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MORDEN, WILLIAM J., inventor, was
born in 1832. He was the inventor in
1868 of the first U plate frog and cross
ing, which invention is now in use on
every railroad in America. At the time
of his death he was president of the Mor-
den Frog and Crossing works, a plant
which covers five acres at South Chicago.
He died Feb. 27, 1897, in Chicago, 111.
MORE, PAUL ELMER, educator, au
thor, was born in 1864 in Missouri. He
is an instructor in Sanskrit and Greek at
Bryn Mawr college; and the author of
The Great Refusal: Being Letters of
a Dreamer in Gotham.
MORE, THOMAS ROMAN, stockman,
poet, was born Sept. 27, 1856, in Santa
Barbara, Cal. After graduating from the
Ann Arbor high school, he attended the
Michigan university. He is a successful
stockman, and the owner of several large
ranches in California. His poems have
appeared in various newspapers and mag
azines, and in several standard works.
MOREHEAD, CHARLES R., merchant,
banker, was born Feb. 28, 1836, in Rich
mond, Mo. He attended the Masonic col
lege of Lexington, Mo. He was assistant
general agent and chief clerk of the
United States Transportation company in
the Utah expedition of 1857; and in 1868-
69 was mayor of Leavenworth, Kan. He
has been president of the State National
bank of El Paso, Texas, since its organ
ization in 1881; was president of the
board of education in 1893-94; and since
I860 has been a successful merchant and
banker. In 1895 he was elected knight
commander of the Court of Honor, Scot
tish rite masons, by the supreme couucil
at Washington, D. C.
MOREHEAD, CHARLES SLAUGH
TER, lawyer, legislator, congressman,
governor, was born July 7, 1802, in Nel
son county, Ky. He was elected to the
Kentucky state legislature, serving dur
ing 1828 and 1829. In 1832 he was ap
pointed attorney-general of Kentucky,
which office he held five years. In 1838-40
he was again returned to the legislature,
officiating during the latter year as
speaker. He was re-elected and made
speaker in 1841. He was again re-elected
in 1842 and 1844, and for the third time
chosen speaker. He was a representative
in congress from Kentucky from 1847 to
1851; in 1853 was once more returned to
the legislature; and in 1855 was elected
governor of Kentucky. He died Dec. 23,
1868, in Greenville, Miss.
MOREHEAD, I. T., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1851 to 1853.
MOREHEAD, JAMES TURNER, law
yer, legislator, governor, United States
senator, was born May 24, 1797, in Cov-
ington, Ky. He served three years in the
Kentucky state legislature; in 1832 was
elected lieutenant-governor of Kentucky,
and in 1834 became governor. In 1837 he
was again elected to the legislature. In
1838 he was appointed president of the
board of internal improvements, which
office he held until 1841, when he was
elected to the United States senate for
the term of six years. He died Dec. 28,
1854, in Covington, Ky.
MOREHEAD, JOHN MOTLEY, lawyer,
legislator, governor, was born July 4,
1796, in Pennsylvania county, Va. He
served in the North Carolina legislature,
and early became a whig, being a warm
friend of Henry Clay. From 1841 till 1845
he was governor of North Carolina. He
died Aug. 28, 1866, in Rockbridge, Va.
MOREHOUSE, S. THOMAS, journalist,
was born Nov. 13, 1849, in Walton, N. Y.
He received his education in the Walton
academy, and soon after entered journal
istic work. He is the editor and publisher
of the Evening Star of Ridgway, Pa.
the first and only daily paper in Elk coun
ty. He was the founder and editor of the
Reporter of Walton, N. Y. ; and is also the
editor of the Elk Democrat.
672
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MORELAND, MARY L., educator, evan
gelist, lecturer, author, was born Dec. 23,
1858, in Westfieid, Mass. For many years
she taught in the public schools; was or
dained in 1889; and is now the pastor of
the Union congregational church of Mc
Lean, 111. She is a successful lecturer,
evangelist, and the author of Which:
Right or Wrong; Under His Wings; and
other works.
MORELL, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, was
born March 22, 1786, in Lenox, Mass.
From 1832 till 1836 he was United States
judge of Michigan territory, and he was a
judge of the Michigan supreme court
from 1836 till 1843, and its chief justice
from July 18, 1843, until his death. He
died March 8, 1845, in Detroit, Mich.
MORELL, GEORGE WEBB, soldier,
lawyer, was born Jan. 8, 1815, in Coopers-
town, N. Y. He was appointed brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1861, and was pro
moted major-general of volunteers. He
died Feb. 12, 1883, in Scarborough, N. Y.
MOREY, CHARLES ANSON, educator,
banker, lawyer, was born Aug. 9, 1851, in
Orange county, Vt. He nas been a suc
cessful educator, and is now a noted law
yer and banker of Winona, Minn. He has
been president of the Normal school of
Winona; and president of the Winona
Savings bank.
MOREY, FRANK, soldier, legislator,
congressman, was born July 11, 1840, in
Boston, Mass. He entered the army, and
served principally
on staff duty. He
settled in Louisiana
in 1866, and engaged
in cotton planting
and in the insurance
business. He was a
member of the as
sembly in 1868 and
1869; and was ap
pointed a commis
sioner to revise the
statutes and codes of
the state. He was
elected to the forty-first, forty-second,
forty-third and forty-fourth congresses as
a republican.
MOREY, HENRY LEE, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 8, 1841, in
Butler county, Ohio. He served in the
union army from
1861 to 1865, attain
ing the rank of cap
tain. He studied
law; was admitted
to the bar in 1867,
and commenced
practice at Hamil-
ton, Ohio. In 1871
In1 was elected city
.solicitor of Hamil
ton to nil a vacancy;
and was re-elected
for the term of two
years. He was elected prosecuting at
torney of Butler county in 1873; and was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
forty-seventh and forty-eighth and fifty-
first congresses as a republican.
MORFIT, CAMPBELL, chemist, author,
was born Nov. 19, 1820, in Herculaneum,
Mo. He is the author of Practical Trea
tise on the Making of Soaps; Pure Fer
tilizers and Phosphates; Arts of Tanning
and Currying; and Use and Manufacture
of Perfumery.
MORFIT, CLARENCE, chemist, author,
was born May 16, 1828, in Washington,
D. C. He filled the office of assistant
melter and refiner in the United States
assay office in New York city for seven
years. Meanwhile he was also associated
with his brother in his analytical work
in New York city, and was joint author
with his brother of the second edition of
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Manipula
tions.
MORFORD, HENRY, journalist, author,
was born March 10, 1823, in New Mon-
mouth, N. J. He was a journalist of New
York city who wrote a number of novels,
dramas and poems of ephemeral merit.
The Bells of Shandon is his best known
play, and among his novels are, Shoulder
Straps; Days of Shoddy; Only a Com
moner. Other works are, Rhymes of
Twenty Years; Rhymes of an Editor;
and Sprees and Splashes. He died May
5, 1881, in New York city.
MORGAN, ABEL, clergyman, author,
was born in 1673 in Wales. He was a
Welsh baptist minister who came to Phil
adelphia from Wales in 1712. He was the
author of Cyd Gordiad, a Scripture con
cordance published in 1730, the second
Welsh book printed in America. He died
Dec. 16, 1722, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MORGAN, ABNER, soldier, legislator,
was born June 9, 1746, in Brimfield, Mass.
He served through the revolutionary war;
and received the rank of major. For
eighteen years he was a member of the
Massachusetts state legislature. He died
Nov. 7, 1837, in Lima, N. Y.
MORGAN, CHARLES HALE, soldier,
was born Nov. 6, 1834, in Manlius, N. Y.
He was breve'tted brigadier-general,
United States army, in 1865, for services
in the field during t.*e war, and made full
brigadier-general of volunteers in May,
1865. He died Dec. 20, 1875, in California.
MORGAN, CHARLES HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, congressman, was born
July 5, 1842, in Allegany county, N. Y.
He became prosecuting attorney for Ben-
ton county. He was elected to the state
legislature. In 1874 he was elected a
representative from Missouri to the forty-
fourth congress; and was re-elected to the
forty-fifth, forty-eighth, and fifty-third
congresses as a democrat.
MORGAN, CHRISTOPHER, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1808, in Groton,
Conn. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1839 to 1843;
was secretary of state of New York from
1848 to 1852; and was mayor of Auburn
iu 1860.
MORGAN, DANIEL, soldier, congress
man, was born about 1736 in New Jersey.
In 1755 he served as a private soldier un
der General Brad-
dock. In 1778 he
commanded a corps
on the Schuylkill to
cut off supplies from
the British in Phila
delphia; served in
the southern cam
paign under General
Greene, and ad
vanced to the rank
of brigadier-general,
receiving from con
gress a gold medal
for the skill and bravery he displayed at
the battle of Cowpens in the defeat of
Tarleton. He was a representative in
congress from 1795 to 1799. He died July
6, 1802, in Winchester, Va.
MORGAN, DAVID BANISTER, soldier,
legislator, was born in 1773, in West
Springfield, Mass. He removed to Louis
iana in 1803, served in the territorial leg
islature; was a member of the constitu
tional convention; and after the admis
sion of Louisiana to the union was iu the
state legislature. He died July 15, 1848,
in Covington, La.
MORGAN, EDWIN BARBER, mer
chant, congressman, philanthropist, was.
born May 2, 1806, in Aurora, N. Y. He
was elected to the thirty-third congress
as a representative from New York; and
was re-elected to the thirty-fourth and
thirty-fifth congresses. He Hied Oct. 13,
1881, in Aurora, N. Y.
MORGAN, EDWIN DENNISON, sol
dier, lawyer, governor, United States sen
ator, was born Feb. 8, 1811, in Washing
ton, Mass. In 1849 he was chosen an
alderman of New York city; during the
same year was elected to the state sen
ate, and served two terms. In 1858 he
was elected governor of New York, and
re-elected in 1860. In 1861 he was ap
pointed major-general of volunteers, and,
although he rendered much service, de
clined all compensation. In 1863 he was
elected a senator in congress from New
York for the term ending in 1869. He
died Feb. 14, 1883, in New York city.
MORGAN, EDWIN WRIGHT, soldier,
educator, was born in 1814 in Pennsyl
vania. From 1866 till his death he was
professor of mathematics in Lehigh uni
versity. He died April 16, 1869, in Beth
lehem, Pa.
MORGAN, GEORGE W., soldier, con
gressman, was born Sept. 20, 1820, in
Washington, Pa. In 1843 he settled at
Mount Vernon, Onio, and adopted the
profession of the law. He served in the
Mexican war as colonel of the second
Ohio infantry, and for his services at the
battles of Contreras and Churubusco was
brevetted a brigadier-general in the regu
lar army. In 1855 he was appointed con
sul at Marseilles. In 1858 was appointed
minister resident at Lisbon. In 1866 he
was elected a representative from Ohio
to the fortieth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-first and forty-second
congresses as a democrat.
MORGAN, GEORGE WASHBOURNE,
organist, was born April 9, 1822, in Eng
land. He has been organist of St. Thom
as' and Grace episcopal churches, and St.
Ann's and St. Stephen's Roman catholic
churches, and of the Brooklyn tabernacle.
He has played in various parts of the
United States with much success, and
since 1880 has given annual organ recitals
at Chickering hall.
MORGAN, HELEN CLARISSA, edu
cator, was born Feb. 25, 1845, in Mason-
ville, N. Y. She began by giving instruc
tion in Latin, Greek and mathematics in
Fiske school, Ohio, and when the institu
tion had become firmly established she
was formally given the professorship of
Latin, thus being the first woman to oc
cupy a professor's chair in an American
co-educational university.
MORGAN, HENRY, clergyman, author,
was born March 7, 1825, in Newton, Conn.
He was a once prominent methodist min
ister and lecturer of Boston; and the au
thor of Ned Nevins, me Newsboy; The
Fallen Priest; Sketches and Sermons;
The Shadowy Hand, or Life Struggles;
and Boston Inside Out. He died March
23, 1884, in Boston, Mass.
MORGAN, JAMES, congressman, was
born in New Jersey. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1811 to 1813.
MORGAN, JAMES APPLETON, lawyer,
author, was born Oct. 2, 1850, in Portland,
Maine. He is a lawyer of New York city,
and the author of Laws of Literature;
The Shakespearean Myth; A History of
the Shakespeare Text; Some Shake
spearean Commentators; Shakespeare in
Fact and Criticism; Venus and Adonis;
A Study in Warwickshire Dialect; and
English Version of Legal Maxims.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
673
MORGAN, JAMES BRAINERD, jour
nalist, poet, was born in Berkeley coun
ty, W. Va. In 1870 he founded the Times
of Gerardstown, W. Va., of which publi
cation he is still editor and owner He
is the author of a number of meritorious
poems, some, of which were included in
Poets of America, and other standard na
tional collections. He has been grand
secretary of the Independent Order of
Good Templars; and is prominent in the
public affairs of his county and state, and
a member of various fraternal orders. Mr.
Morgan is an earnest advocate of the
temperance reform, and has written
largely in both prose and verse in its be
half. In the Independent Order of Good
Templars he found congenial work and
merited appreciation, having been the
secretary of the grand lodge of the state
for the past ten years and been sent sev
eral times as its representative in the
highest legislative body of the order in tne
world.
MORGAN, JAMES BRIGHT, soldier
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born March 14, 1835, in Lincoln county,
Tenn. He was a member of the state
senate of Mississippi in 1876-78; and in
1878 was appointed chancellor of the
third chancery district, serving four
years. He was grand master of masons
in Mississippi; and in 1884 was elected
a representative from Mississippi to the
forty-ninth congress; and was re-electeu
to the fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as
a democrat.
MORGAN, JAMES DADY, soldier was
born Aug. 1, 1810, in Boston, Mass. In
1861 he became lieutenant-colonel of the
seventh Illinois regiment, and for merit
orious services was promoted brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1862. He was
breyetted major-general of volunteers in
1865.
MORGAN, JAMES HENRY, man-of-
affairs, was born Jan. 31, 1853, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He is the founder and secre
tary general of the Military Order of
Foreign Wars of the United States; and
is president of the Mutual Life Insurance
company of New York.
MORGAN, JOHN HUNT, soldier was
born June 1, 1826, in Huntsville Ala
He entered the confederate army as cap
tain of the Kentucky volunteers; and in
1862 he was appointed major-general He
died Sept. 4, 1864, in Greenville Tenn
MORGAN, JOHN J., legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1769, in Queens
county, N. Y. He was a member of the
New York assembly; a representative in
congress from that state from 1821 to
1825; and again in the assembly in 1836
and 1840. He died July 29, 1849
MORGAN, JOHN TYLER, soldier, law
yer, United States senator, was born June
20, 1824, in Athens, Tenn. He was a
presidential elector in 1860 from Alabama
In 1861 he was a delegate to the state con
vention called to consider the question of
secession. He entered the confederate
army in that year, and served throughout
the war, rising to the rank of brigadier-
general. He was again a presidential
elector in 1876; aud was elected to the
United States senate for six years from
1877; and re-elected in 1882, 1888 and
-lot/-}. i
MORGAN, LEWIS HENRY, lawyer, au
thor, was born Nov. 21, 1818, in Aurora,
N. Y. He was a lawyer of Rochester,
N. Y., widely known as an ethnologist,
and the author of League of the Iroquois;
Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of
the Human Family; The American
Beaver and His Works; Ancient Society;
and Horses and Horse Life of the Amer
ican Aborigines. He died Dec. 17, 1881 in
Rochester, N. Y.
MORGAN, MAUD, harpist, was born
Nov. 22, 1864, in New York city. She
studied music with her father and with
the harpist Alfred Toulmin. She first
appeared in 1875 in a concert with Ole
Bull. She possesses good technique and
has been well received in New York and
elsewhere.
MORGAN, MATTHEW SOMERVILLE,
artist, author, was born April 27, 1839,
in England. He was associated with
Frank C. Burnand, William S. Gilbert
and others, in the establishment of the
London Fun, and a volume of his car
toons in this paper has been published
under the title American War Cartoons.
MORGAN, MORrtiS HICKY, educator
author, was born in 1859 on Long Island
He is a professor of Greek and Latin at
Harvard university, and the author of
e ignis eliciendi modis apud antiques-
Dictionary to Xenbphon's Anabasis; and
I he Art of Horsemanship by Xenophon
a translation with Essays and Notes.
MORGAN, PHILIP HICKY, lawyer jur
ist, was born Nov. 9, 1825, in Baton
Rouge, La. He was elected judge of the
second district court of New Orleans in
1855; and served by re-election until 1861.
He was appointed United States district
attorney for the eastern district of Lou
isiana; resigned and was appointed as
sociate justice of the supreme court of the
state in 1873, serving until 1877.
MORGAN, THOMAS J., soldier was
born Aug. 17, 1839, in Franklin, Ind. He
served through the civil war and attained
the rank of brigadier-general. In 1891 he
was elected commissioner of Indian af
fairs.
MORGAN, THOMAS REES, machinist
inventor, manufacturer, was born March
31, 1834, in Wales. At a very early age
he developed unus
ual mechanical and
inventive talent;
and early in life oc
cupied positions as a
machinist in some of
in congress from Virginia from 1835 to
1839. In 1840 he was appointed a clerk
in the house of representatives, from
which position he was transferred to the
legislature of Virginia, and declined a re
election. He was a democratic elector in
1844.
MORGAN, WILLIAM, artist, was born
in 1826, in London, England. He is a
member of the American Art union and
the Artists' Fund society. His works In
clude Emancipation; The Legend; Song
without Words; Motherhood; Reverie;
In the Hay-Loft; Summer; The Sortie;
Andante; Blowing Bubbles; and La Man-
dolinata.
MORGAN, WILLIAM A., journalist leg-
slator, was born March 7, 1840 in Ire
land. For three years he was a soldier
during the civil war in the twenty-third
Kentucky volunteer infantry; and has
served as a representative and state sena-
* in the Kansas legislature.
MORGAN, WILLIAM FERDINAND
clergyman, was born Dec 21 1817
StarTh°l C°n\ In 185? he was <*»ed lo
1SRR h S ChUrch' New York city. In
1888 he received the rectorship of St
Thomas, and was made rector emeritus of
MORIARTY, JAMES JOSEPH clertrv
man, author, was born Jan. 8, 'lS43 fn
Ireland. He was a Roman catholic c'ler
o Wavsidp uor
Wayside Pencillings; Stumbling Blocks
made Stepping Stones on the Way to the
' ait AU f° Love; «* Tto
J > the largest iron
works in Cardiff. In
1865 he emigrated to
America, s u b s e-
Quently moving to
Pittsburg, where he
engaged in manufac
turing steam ham
mers and other special machinery. In
he moved to Alliance, Ohio,
where he has continued the same
business on a very extensive scale He
gathered around him hundreds of trained
mechanics and draughtsmen, the various
departments of the factory being under
the charge of his sons, who are young
men of decidedly rare ability. The Mor
gan Engineering company gives employ
ment to six hundred trained workmen-
J?e machinei'y Produced being mostly of
Mr. Morgan's own designing, and is large
ly covered by patents. He is president of
the City Savings bank of Alliance; a
director of the Alliance Bank company-
president of the Alliance board of trade :
vice-president of the Mutual Electric
Light and Power company; and in his
department of business is one of the beat
informed men in America. He is one
of the trustees of Mount Union college; a
member of the American Institute of Min
ing Engineers; American Institute of Me
chanical Engineers of the United States-
and a member of the Iron and Steel In
stitute and Mechanical Engineers of
Great Britain. He died Sept. 6, 1897.
43
MORGAN, WILLIAM, public official
congressman, was born Sept. 7, 1801 in
Virginia. He served as a representative
MORIARTY, PATRICK EUGENE cler
fr^S awh°r' W3S b°rn Jul^ 4- 18'04- in
•i A Se was an Augustinian priest of
Philadelphia, father superior of his order
Life nf £'teAd StateS; and the auth°r of
187K St Augustine. He died July 10,
1*75, in Villanova, Pa.
MORISON, JOHN HOPKINS, clergy
man author, was born July 25, 1808 in
Peterborough, N. H. He was a Unitarian
clergyman, pastor at Milton, Mass., in
rati T • 6 author of Life of Hon-
» A M tjeremiah Smith; Disquisitions
and Notes on the Gospel of Saint Mat
thew; and The Great Poets as Religious
Teachers. He died in 1896.
MORISON, NATHANIEL HOLMES ed
ucator, was born Dec. 14, 1815, in Peter
borough, N. H. In 1867 he accepted the
provostship of Peabody institute Balti
more, the duties of which, although light
are important. He died Nov. 15, 1890 in
Baltimore, Md.
MORISON, ROBERT BROWN, physi
cian, author, was born March 13 1851 in
Baltimore, Md. In 1884 he began the prac
tice of dermatology in Baltimore being
the first physician in that city to take up
that specialty exclusively.
MORLEY, EDWARD WILLIAMS
chemist, was born Jan. 29, 1838, in New
ark, N. J. His original works include a
series of measurements prepared for the
purpose of showing precision in the mi-
crometric readings of graduations.
MORPHIS, JOSEPH L., soldier, legis
lator, congressman, was born April 17
1831, in McNairy county, Tenn. He was
a member of the Tennessee state legisla
ture in 1859. He moved to Mississippi in
1863; and was elected to the state con
stitutional convention of Mississippi in
1865. He was a member of the state legis
lature in 1866-68; and was elected to the
forty-first and forty-second congresses as
a republican.
674
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MORRELL, BENJAMIN, navigator, au
thor, was born in 1795, in Worcester coun
ty, Mass. He was a navigator who pub
lished a noted Narrative of Four Voyages
to the South Seas. He died in 1839.
MORRELL, DANIEL J., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Aug. 8, 1821, in
North Berwick. Maine. He served for a
time in the councils of Johnstown, Pa.;
and was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the fortieth and forty-
first congresses as a republican. In 1875
he was appointed a commissioner to the
centennial exhibition.
MORRELL, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, was born March 22, 1786, in
Lenox, Mass. He was a lawyer in Coop-
erstown, N. Y. ; and was appointed first
judge of Otsego county court in 1827. He
was a member of the assembly in 1829;
and was reappointed judge in 1832. He
was United States judge of Michigan ter
ritory from 1832 to 1836; judge of the
superior court of Michigan from 1836 to
1843; and chief justice from July 18, 1843.
to 1845. He died March 8, 1845, in De
troit, Mich.
MORRELL, IMOGENE ROBINSON,
artist, was born in Attleboro, Mass. She
painted a Historical Portrait of General
John A. Dix, which was afterward pur
chased for the capitol at Washington;
and portraits of Howell Cobb and John C.
Spencer, ex-secretaries of the United
States treasury. Her two large historical
picture^, Washington, and the Battle of
the Puritans have been highly praised
both in this country and in France.
MORRELL, THOMAS, soldier, clergy
man, was born Nov. 22, 1747, in New York
city. At the time of his death he had
been fifty-three years a preacher of the
gospel, and was one of the pioneers of
American methodism. He died Aug. 9,
1838, in Elizabethtown, N. J.
MORRIL, DAVID LAWRENCE, physi
cian, state senator, United States senator,
governor, was born June 10, 1772, in Ep-
ping, N. H. He was a representative in
the general court of New Hampshire in
1811, 1812, and 1816; and in 1816 was
chosen to the United States senate for six
years. He subsequently became a mem
ber of the state senate, and its president.
Afterwards, for four successive terms, he
was elected governor of New Hampshire.
He died Jan. 28, 1849, in Concord, N. H.
MORRILL, AMOS, lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 25, 1809, in Salisbury, Mass.
In 1867 he was appointed one of the judges
of the supreme court of Texas; and cho
sen chief justice of the court. In 1873 he
was commissioned judge of the United
States district court for the eastern dis
trict of Texas.
MORRILL, ANSON PEASLEE, manu
facturer, legislator, congressman, was
born June 10, 1803, in Belgrade, Maine.
He was for several years a member of the
Maine legislature; was governor of
Maine in 1855; and in 1860 was elected a
representative from Maine to the thirty-
seventh congress. He died July 4, 1887,
in Augusta, Maine.
MORRILL, EDMUND N., legislator,
state senator, congressman, was born Feb.
12, 1834, in Westbrook, Maine. In 1856
he was elected a member of the school
board of Westbrook. In 1857 he moved to
Brown county, Kan.; and in October of
that year was elected a representative in
the first free state legislature elected in
that territory. In 1858 he was elected a
representative in the legislature under
the Lecompton constitution; and in 1872
was elected a state senator, and was re-
elected in 1876. He was elected a repre
sentative from Kansas to the forty-eighth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth, fiftieth, and fifty-first congresses as
a republican.
MORRILL, JUSTIN SMITH, congress
man, United States senator, author, was
born April 14, 1810, in Stratford, Vt. He
was elected a representative from Ver
mont to the thirty-fourth congress; and
was re-elected to the thirty-fifth, thirty-
sixth, thirty-seventh, thirty-eighth, and
thirty-ninth congresses. In 1866 he was
elected a senator in congress from Ver
mont for the term commencing in 1867;
and was re-elected in 1872, in 1878, in 1884,
in 1890, and in 1896. He is the author of
Self-Consciousness of Noted Persons.
MORRILL, LOT MYRICK, lawyer, leg
islator, United States senator, governor,
was born May 3, 1813, in Belgrade, Maine.
He was a member of the Maine legisla
ture in 1854; of the senate in 1856, and
made its president. He was elected gov
ernor of Maine in 1858, and re-elected in
1859 and 1860. In 1861 he was elected a
senator in congress to fill a \acancy. He
was also elected United States senator to
succeed William P. Fessenden, for the
term ending in 1877; and resigned in 1876
to accept the office of secretary of the
treasury, in the cabinet of President
Grant, serving until 1877. He was then
appointed collector of the port of Port
land, Maine. He died Jan. 10, 1883, in
Augusta, Maine.
MORRILL, SAMUEL P., clergyman,
public official, congressman, was born
Feb. 11, 1816, in Chesterville, Maine. In
1857 he was elected for five years register
of deeds for Franklin county, Maine; and
re-elected to the same office in 1867. In
1868 he was elected a representative from
Maine to the forty-first congress as a re
publican.
MORRIS, BENJAMIN WISTAR, bishop,
was born May 30, 1819, in Wellsborough,
Pa. He was consecrated missionary bish
op of Oregon and Washington territory
in 1868.
MORRIS, CALVARY, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from Ohio from 1837 to
1844.
MORRIS, CASPAR, physician, author,
poet, was born May 2, 1805, in Philadel
phia. He was a noted Philadelphia physi
cian; and the author of Life of William
Wilberforce; Lectures on Scarlet Fever;
Hospital Construction; and Heart Voices
and Home Songs. He died March 16, 1884,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
MORRIS, CHARLES, educator, author,
was born Oct. 1, 1833, in Chester, Pa. He
is an earnest student of general science,
and an active member of the academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Pa. He
Is the author of A Manual of Classical
Literature; The Aryan Race; and Civi
lization. He has also published compila
tions of Half Hours with the Best Ameri
can Authors, in eighteen volumes; His
torical Tales, in six volumes; Tales from
the Dramatists; and a History of the
United States for school purposes.
MORRIS, CHARLES, congressman. He
was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
continental congress from 1783 to 1784.
MORRIS, CHARLES, naval officer, was
born July 26, 1784, in Woodstock, Conn.
He served during the war with Tripoli in
1801-05; and during 1816-17 commanded
the naval forces in the Gulf of Mexico.
He filled numerous offices; was commis
sioned to inspect the dock-yards of Eng
land and France; for many years had
supervision of the Naval academy. He
died Jan. 27, 1856, in Washington, D. C.
MORRIS, CHARLES D'URBAN, educa
tor, author, was born Feb. 17, 1827, in
England. He was an educator who was
professor of Latin and Greek in Johns
Hopkins university in 1876; and the au
thor of A Compendious Grammar of Attic
Greek; Compendious Grammar of the Lat
in Language; and Principia Latina. He
died Feb. 7, 1886, in Baltimore, Md.
MORRIS, CLARA, actress, was born
about 1846, in Cleveland, Ohio. She made
her debut upon the stage at the age of
fifteen. Her great success has been in the
representation of strongly emotional
scenes.
MORRIS, DANIEL, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Jan. 4, 1812,
in Seneca county, N. Y. He was at one
time district attorney for Yates county;
and served one term in the New York
state legislature. He was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the thirty-
eighth congress; and was re-elected to
the thirty-ninth congress.
MORRIS, EDMUND, journalist, author,
was born Aug. 28, 1804, in Burlington, N.
J. He was a journalist and agricultural
writer of Burlington, N. J.; and the au
thor of Ten Acres Enough; How to Get a
Farm and Where to Find One; and Farm
ing for Boys. He died May 4, 1874, in
Burlington, N. J.
MORRIS, EDWARD JOY, legislator,
diplomat, congressman, author, was born
July 15, 1815, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was a member of the house of representa
tives of Pennsyhania in 1841-43; and was
elected to the twenty-eighth congress as
representative from the first congressional
district. On his return to Philadelphia
he was chosen a member of the board of
directors of Girard college; and in 1856
was again elected to the state legislature.
In the fall of that year he was elected
to the thirty-fifth congress. He was the
author of A Tour Through Turkey, Greece
and Egypt; The Turkish Empire, Social
and Political; Afraja, or Life and Love in
Norway; and Corsica, Social and Politi
cal. He died Dec. 31, 1881, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
MORRIS, EDWIN DAFYDD, clergy
man, educator, author, was born Oct. 31,
1825, in Utica, N. Y. He is a presbyterian
minister and educator, professor of theol
ogy in Lane seminary since 1874; and the
author of Outlines of Christian Doctrine;
Ecclesiology; Salvation After Death; and
A Defense of Lane Seminary.
MORRIS, MRS. EUGENIA LAURA
[TUTTLE], author, was born in 1833 in
Connecticut. She is a writer of New Ha
ven; and the author of A Spinster's Leaf
lets; A Hilltop Summer; and Aunt Billy.
MORRIS, FRANCIS, naval officer, was
born in 1842 in New York. He served in
the United States navy during the civil
war, attaining for meritorious services the
rank of commodore. He died Feb. 12,
1883, in Newport, R. I.
MORRIS, FREEMAN P., lawyer, legis
lator, was born March 19, 1854, in Cook
county, 111. He received his education in
the Blue Island High school, the Cook
County Normal school, and the North
western university. He is a prominent
lawyer of Watseka, 111., where for many
years he has been president of the board
of education. He has been a member of
the thirty-fourth, thirty-sixth, thirty-
eighth, thirty-ninth, and fortieth general
assemblies of the Illinois state legislature,
and served as chairman of the joint and
house caucus for three sessions. He was a
delegate to the democratic national con
vention in 1896; and is a member of the
Illinois National guard, with rank of col
onel.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
675
MORRIS, GEORGE POPE, journalist,
author, poet, was born Oct. 10, 1802, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a journalist of
. New York city; and
assisted in founding
The New York Mir
ror, and The Home
Journal. He was fa
mous as a song
writer, and now
chiefly remembered
for such poems as
My Mother's Bible;
Woodman, Spare
that Tree. He was
for many years edi
tor of The Home
Journal, and one of the prominent literary
figures of the metropolis. He was the au
thor of Briarcliff, a drama; The Little
Frenchman; and Poems. He died July
6, 1864, in New York city.
MORRIS, GEORGE SYLVESTER, edu
cator, author, was born Nov. 15, 1840, in
Norwich, Vt. He was an educator and
philosophical writer, who was professor at
the university of Michigan in 1870. He
was the author of British Thought and
Thinkers; Kant's Critique of Pure Rea
son, a Critical Exposition; Philosophy
and Christianity; and Hegel's Philosophy
of the State and of History. He died in
1889.
MORRIS, GOUVERNEUR, congress
man, United States senator, author, was
born Jan. 31, 1752, in Morrisania, N. Y.
In 1775 he was a delegate to the provin
cial congress from New York, and signed
the articles of confederation. He was a
commissioner to England in 1789; was
the second president of the New York
Historical society; and in 1792 was ap
pointed minister to France, and remained
in that capacity till 1794. In 1800 he was
chosen a senator of the United States
from New York, serving three years. He
was the author of Observations on the
American Revolution; and selections,
etc. He died Nov. 6, 1816, in Morrisania,
N. Y.
MORRIS, HARRISON SMITH, author,
poet, was born in 1856 in Pennsylvania.
He is the author of A Duet in Lyrics
(verse, with J. A. Henry); Madonna, and
Other Poems. He has edited Tales from
Ten Poets; In the Yule Log Glow; and
Where Meadows Meet the Sea, and an
edition of Lamb's Tales from Shakes
peare with a continuation and completion.
MORRIS, HERBERT WILLIAM, cler
gyman, author, was born July 21, 1818, in
Wales. He is a presbyterian clergyman;
since 1877 retired from the ministry and
devoted to literary pursuits. He is the
author of Science and the Bible; Present
Conflict of Science with Religion; The
Testimony of the Ages; The Celestial
Symbol Interpreted; and Natural Law
and Gospel Teachings.
MORRIS, ISAAC NEWTON, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Jan. 22, 1812, in Bethel, Ohio. In 1841 he
was chosen president of the Illinois and
Michigan Canal company; and in 1846 was
elected to the .state legislature from
Adams county. In 1856 he was elected a
representative from Illinois to the thirty-
fifth congress, and re-elected to the thirty-
sixth congress. In 1869 Jhe was appointed
a commissioner for the Pacific railroad.
MORRIS, JAMES CHESTON, physician,
author, was born May 28, 1831, in Phila
delphia. He is a Philadelphia physician;
and the author of The Milk Supply of
Large Cities; The Water Supply of Phila
delphia; and Annals of Hygiene.
MORRIS, JAMES R., state legislator,
congressman, was born Jan. 10, 1820, in
Greene county, Pa. He was a member of
congress in 1843 and 1845. Having be
come a resident of Ohio he was in 1848
elected to the legislature of that state.
In 1860 he was elected a representative
from Ohio to the thirty-seventh congress;
and in 1862 was re-elected to the thirty-
eighth congress.
MORRIS, JOHN GOTTLIEB, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 14, 1803, in York,
Pa. He was a noted lutheran divine of
Baltimore, founder of The Lutheran Ob
server, and long professor of natural his
tory in the university of Maryland. He
was the author of Catechumen's and Com
municant's Companion; Popular Exposi
tion of the Gospels; Life of John Arndt;
Life of Catherine de Bora; The Blind Girl
of Wittenberg; Fifty Years in the Luth
eran Ministry; The Diet of Augsburg;
Journeys of Luther; Luther at Wartburg
andCoburg; and Lutheran Doctrine of the
Lord's Supper.
MORRIS, JOHN VICTOR, clergyman,
was born May 23, 1863, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. In 1889 he graduated from the Ad
rian college, Mich. He filled pastorates
in Ohio for two years; and since 1893
has filled pastorates in Nebraska and
Kansas. He is a member of the north
western Kansas conference of the metho-
dist episcopal church.
MORRIS, JONATHAN D., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1804 in Clermont
county. Ohio. He served for twenty years
as clerk of the court of common pleas,
and of the superior court of Clermont
county, Ohio. He was a representative in
congress from Ohio from 1849 to 1851. He
died May 16, 1875, in Connersville, Ind.
MORRIS, JOSEPH, merchant, legisla
tor, congressman, was born Oct. 16, 1795.
in Greene county, Pa. In 1824 he was
elected sheriff of his native county. In
1829 he removed to Ohio and devoted him
self to merchandising. He was elected
to the Ohio legislature in 1833 and 1834;
and was treasurer of Monroe county for
one year. He was elected to congress in
1843, and re-elected in 1845, serving two
entire terms. He died Oct. 23, 1854, in
Woodsfield, Ohio.
MORRIS, LEWIS, jurist, legislator, gov
ernor, was born in 1671 in New York city.
He was chief justice of New York and
New Jersey for several years; state coun
cillor from 1710 to 1738, acting governor
in 1731; and governor of New Jersey from
1738 till his death. He died May 21, 1746,
in Kingsbury, N. J.
MORRIS, LEWIS, signer of the decla
ration of independence, was born in 1726
in Morrisania, N. Y. He was a dele
gate from New, York to the continental
congress from 1775 to 1777; was one of
the signers of the declaration of indepen
dence; and served in the legislature of
New York. He was also in the field, and
rose to the rank of major-general of mi
litia. He died Jan. 22, 1798, in New York.
MORRIS, LEWIS R., congressman, was
born in 1757. He was a representative in
congress from Vermont from 1797 to 1803.
He died in 1825.
MORRIS, MATHIAS, congressman, was
born in 1785. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania from 1835 to
1839. He died Nov. 9, 1839, in Doyles-
town, Pa.
MORRIS, MOSES, lawyer, state senator,
was born Nov. 8, 1799, in Pittsfield, N. H.
In 1839 he was elected to the New Hamp
shire state senate; re-elected in 1847, and
held this position until his death. He died
Jan. 11, 1855, in Washington, D. C.
MORRIS, PAGE, educator, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born June 30, 1853,
in Lynchburg, Va. In 1873 he was ap
pointed professor of mathematics in the
Texas Military institute, and removed to
Austin, Tex.; and in 1876 was elected pro
fessor of applied mathematics in the Ag
ricultural and Mechanical college of Tex
as, located near Bryan, in that state,
where h,e remained for three years. In
1889 he was elected municipal judge of the
city of Duluth; in 1894 was elected by the
city council of Duluth city attorney; and
in 1895 was appointed by the governor
district judge of the eleventh judicial
district of Minnesota. He was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
MORRIS, PHINEAS PEMBERTON,
lawyer, author, was born May 2, 1817, in
Bucks county, Pa. He was a lawyer of
Philadelphia, professor of law in the uni
versity of Pennsylvania since 1862; and
the author of The Law of Replevin; and
Mining Rights in Pennsylvania.
MORRIS, RAMSAY, actor, author, was
born in January, 1858, in New York. He
is an actor and playwright of New York
city. He dramatized his own novel, Cruci
fy Him, with the title, The Tigress.
MORRIS. ROBERT, signer of the dec
laration of independence, was born Jan.
20, 1734, in England. He was a member
of the congress of
1776, from Pennsyl
vania, and signed the
declaration of inde
pendence, and also
the articles of confed
eration. In 1781 he ob
tained the control of
the American finan
ces, and rendered im
portant services to
his adopted country.
He was a member of
the convention which
framed the present constitution, and
signed that instrument. He was chosen
a United States senator, serving from
1789 to 1795. He died May 8 1806 in
Philadelphia, Pa.
MORRIS, ROBERT, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1745. He was chief justice of New
Jersey during the revolution, and a United
States judge of the district court from
1789 to 1815. He died May 2, 1815, in
New Brunswick, N. J.
MORRIS, ROBERT, author, was born
Aug. 31, 1818, in Massachusetts. He was
a writer of Lagrange, Ky.; and the author
of History of the Morgan Affair; Lights
and Shadows of Freemasonry; Code of
Masonic Law; History of Freemasonry in
Kentucky; Freemasonry in the Holy
Land; and The Poetry of "Freemasonry.
He died July 31, 1888, in Lagrange, Ky.
MORRIS, ROBERT HUNTER, jurist,
governor, was born about 1700 in Mor
risania, N. Y. He was justice of New
Jersey in 1738-64; member of the coun
cil of New Jersey in 1738; and governor
of Pennsylvania from 1754 to 1756. He
died Jan. 27, 1764, in Shrewsbury, N. Y.
MORRIS, ROBERT TUTTLE, physician,
surgeon, author, was born May 14, 1857, in
Seymour, Conn. He is an optimistic phil
osopher and one of the rising surgeons of
New York city. He is the author of a
number of works. His best writings are
those on scientific and medical subjects.
MORRIS, SAMUEL WELLS, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Sept. 1,
1786, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was for
many years judge of the district court
of Tioga county, Pa.; and was a member
of the house of representatives in con
gress from 1837 to 1841. He died May 25,
1847, in Wellsborough, Pa.
C76
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MORRIS, THOMAS, jurist, United
States senator, congressman, was born
Jan. 3, 1776, in Augusta county, Va. In
1806 he was elected to the legislature of
Ohio, and represented Clermont county,
either in the senate or house, for a period
of twenty-four years, doing much to de
velop the resources of his adopted state.
He was chief judge of Ohio; and was elect
ed a senator in congress for4the long
term from 1833 to 1839. He died Dec. 7,
1844, in Bethel, Ohio.
MORRIS, THOMAS, state legislator,
congressman. He was for three years a
member of the New York assembly from
Ontario county; and was a representative
in congress from 1801 to 1803.
MORRIS, THOMAS A., civil engineer,
railroad president, was born Dec. 26,
1811, in Nicholas county, Ky. When the
civil war broke out
he was appointed
quartermaster - gen
eral. From 1866 to
1869 he was presi
dent and chief engin
eer of the Indian
apolis and St. Louis
railroad, building the
road from Terre
Haute to Indianapo
lis. From 1869 to
1872 he was receiver
of the Indianapolis,
Cincinnati and Lafayette railroad, and in
1877 he was appointed as one of the com
missioners to select plans and superin
tend the construction of the new state cap-
itol.
MORRIS, THOMAS ASBURY. bishop,
author, was born April 28, 1794, near
Charlestown, Va. He was a methodist
bishop in Ohio; and the author of Church
Polity; Essays, etc.; and Sketches of
Western Methodism. He died Sept. 2, 1874,
in Springfield, Ohio.
MORRIS, THOMAS J., lawyer, jurist,
was born Sept. 24, 1837, in Baltimore, Md.
He was appointed United States district
judge for the district of Maryland in 1879.
MORRIS, THOMAS J., clergyman, phi
losopher, author, was born Dec. 30, 1843,
in Mariana, Fla. He graduated from the
university of the South of Sewanee,
Tenn.; and for many years was a suc
cessful clergyman of the episcopal
church. For the past ten years he has
been engaged in the study of the philos
ophy of life; and is the author of Ideal
Life, which is devoted to the elevation of
humanity through the evolution of the
mind.
MORRIS, THOMAS P., lawyer, jurist,
was born Feb. 1, 1857, in New Orleans,
La. In 1868 he moved to Texas, and is
now a successful lawyer in Stockdale. He
has been a justice of the peace; for four
teen years postmaster; and has filled vari
ous other positions of trust.
MORRIS, WILLIAM HOPKINS, soldier,
author, was born April 22, 1826, in New
York. He was a brigadier-general of the
United States volunteers in the civil war,
and was brevetted major-general. He
is the author of Field Tactics for In
fantry; and Infantry Tactics.
MORRISON, CHARLES ROBERT, law
yer, jurist, author, was born in 1819 in
New Hampshire. He was a jurist of Con
cord, N. H.; and the author of Digest of
New Hampshire Reports; Probate Direc
tory; Justice and Sheriff and Attorney's.
Assistant; Town Officer; Digest of Com
mon-School Laws; and Proofs of Christ's
Resurrection from a Lawyer's Standpoint.
He died Sept. 15, 1893.
MORRISON, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
congressman, was born Oct. 16, 1809, in
Fairlee, Vt. He was a representative in
congress from New Hampshire from 1850
to 1851, and again from 1853 to 1855.
MORRISON, JAMES, army contractor,
state legislator, was born in 1755 in Cum
berland county, Pa. In 1792 he moved to
Lexington, Ky. There he became suc
cessively land commissioner, representa-
ti\e in the legislature, supervisor of the
revenue, navy agent, contractor for the
northwestern army during the war of
1812, quartermaster-general, president of
the Lexington branch of the United States
bank, and chairman of the board of trus
tees of Transylvania university. He died
April 23, 1823, in Washington, D. C.
MORRISON, JAMES DOW, missionary
bishop of Duluth, Minn., was born Oct. 16,
1844, in Waddington, N. Y. In 1896 he
was unanimously elected by the house of
bishops to the missionary jurisdiction of
Duluth, and was consecrated on Feb. 2,
1897, in All Saints' cathedral, Albany,
N. Y.
MORRISON, JAMES L. D., soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
in Illinois. He was elected to the senate
of Illinois in 1854; and was a represen
tative in congress from that state during
the third session of the thirty-fourth con
gress to fill a vacancy.
MORRISON, JOHN A., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1851 to 1853.
MORRISON, LEONARD ALLISON,
state senator, antiquarian, author, was
born Feb. 21, 1843, in Windham, N. H.
During 1885-87 he was a member of the
New Hampshire house of representatives;
and a state senator in 1887-89. He is the
author of History of the Morison or Mor
rison Family ; History of Wyndham in
New Hampshire; Rambles in Europe,
with Historical Facts Relating to Scotch-
American Families; Among the Scotch-
Irish; The Norris Family in America;
The Allison Family; The Sinclair Fam
ily; and other genealogical works.
MORRISON, ROBERT, railroad presi
dent, was born Oct. 14, 1842, in Cleve
land, Tenn. Since 1890 he has been pres
ident of the Kymulga and Coosa River
railroad.
MORRISON, WILLIAM, explorer, was
born in 1785 in Montreal, Canada. He
made extensive explorations in the north
west territory while in charge of John
Jacob Astor's fur trade in Canada. He
rendered many important services to ge
ography, and was the first white man who
explored the sources of the Mississippi
river. He died Aug. 7, 1866, on Morri
son Island.
MORRISON, WILLIAM RALLS, sol
dier, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born Sept. 14, 1825, in Monroe
county, 111. In 1852 he was chosen clerk
of Monroe county, 111., which office he re
signed to go into the state legislature,
where he served three years; and was
speaker of the house in 1859. He was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the thirty-eighth congress; and re-elected
to the forty-third, forty-fourth, forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-
eighth and forty-ninth congresses as a
democrat. In 1887 he was appointed a
member of the inter-state railroad com
mission.
MORRISON, WILLARD LA GRANGE,
educator, was born Nov. 5, 1859, in Alpha,
Ind. He is one of the foremost educators
of his native state, and is now superin
tendent of public schools of Scott county,
Ind.
MORRISSEY, JOHN, state senator, con
gressman, was born Feb. 12, 1831, in Ire
land. He was elected a representative
from New York to the fortieth and forty-
first congresses; and in 1875 was elected
to the senate of New York. He died May
1, 1878.
MORROW, JEREMIAH, state legislator,
congressman. United States senator, was
born Oct. 6, 1771, in Gettysburg, Pa. He
was chosen a member of the territorial
legislature in 1800; and was the first rep
resentative in congress from Ohio, serv
ing from 1803 to 1813. He was a senator
in congress from 1813 to 1819; and in 1814
was appointed a commissioner to treat
with the Indians. In 1821 he was a presi
dential elector; and was governor of Ohio
from 1822 to 1826. He was elected to
congress in 1840 to fill a vacancy and
served until 1843. He died March 22, 1852,
in Warren county.
MORROW, NESTOR, lawyer, jurist,
was born Sept. 11, 1850, in Kaufman coun
ty, Texas. For four years he was county
attorney of his native county; and for
four years served as county judge. He is
a successful lawyer of Kaufman, Texas;
and for two years was a member of the
board of managers of the North Texas
Insane asylum.
MORROW, WILLIAM W., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born July 15, 1843,
near Milton, Ind. He moved with his
parents to Illinois in 1845; and to Cali
fornia in 1859. He was appointed assist
ant United States attorney for California
in 1870. He was elected to the forty-
ninth congress and re-elected in 1886 and
in 1888. He was appointed United States
district judge for the northern district of
California by President Harrison in 1891;
and United States circuit judge for the
ninth judicial circuit by President Mc-
Kinley in 1897.
MORSE, ABNER, clergyman, genealo
gist, author, was born Sept. 5, 1793, in
Medway, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman and genealogist of Sharon,
Mass.; and the author of Memorial of the
Morses; Genealogy of Early Planters in
Massachusetts; and Descendants of Sev
eral Ancient Puritans. He died May 16,
1865, in Sharon, Mass.
MORSE, ALPHEUS CARY, artist, arch
itect, was born June 3, 1818, in Boston,
Mass. He was the builder of the Rhode
Island hospital and Sale's Memorial hall
of Providence. Early in life he became
well known as an artist in portraiture,
chiefly in crayon; but later in life he de
voted himself almost wholly to architect
ure.
MORSE, MRS. CHARLOTTE DUN
NING [WOOD], author, was born in 1858
in New York. She is a novelist; and the
author of Upon a Cast, a society novel;
A Step Aside; and Cabin and Gondola.
MORSE, DAVID APPLETON, physi
cian, journalist, was born Dec. 12, 1840, in
Ellsworth, Ohio. In 1877 he was called
to Columbus, Ohio, where he has since
held the professorship of nervous disor
ders and insanity in Starling Medical col
lege and the post of physician to Colum
bus Hospital for the Insane. He is editor
of the department of nervous disorders
and insanity in the Lancet and Observer.
MORSE, EDWARD SYLVESTER, phy
sician, author, was born June 18, 1838, in
Portland, Maine. He is an eminent biolo
gist of Salem, Mass., who has published
First Book on Zoology; Japanese
Homes, and many scientific papers.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
677
MORSE, ELIJAH ADAMS, soldier, man
ufacturer, state senator, congressman, was
born May 25, 1841, in South Bend, Ind.
In 1876 he entered
public life as a mem
ber of the Massachu
setts state legisla
ture; and since that
time has served in
the senate, the gov
ernor's council, and
has four times been
elected a member of
congress. He served
as a soldier during
the civil war; for
three months under
Gen. Butler in Virginia; one year as a cor
poral under Gen. Banks in Louisiana; and
was taken prisoner at the capture of
Brashear City, La. He is a successful
business man and extensive manufactur
er; and is the proprietor of the Rising
Sun Black Lead works of Canton, Mass.,
manufacturers of the famous Rising Sun
stove polish. His service in the United
States house of representatives was in
the fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third and
fifty-fourth congresses as a republican,
declining the re-election to the fifty-fifth.
MORSE, FRANK EUGENE, musician,
composer, was born Nov. 10, 1856, in
Bradford, Mass. For many years he was
a teacher of vocal music in the Conserva
tory and the Wellesley College School of
Music. He is the author of a number of
compositions; and the compiler and pub
lisher of the Musician's Calendar.
MORSE, FREEMAN H., state legisla
tor, congressman, was born Feb. 18, 1807,
in Bath, Maine. He was in the Maine
legislature from 1840 to 1844, and also
in 1853 and 1856; and was mayor of
Bath for three years. He was elected to
congress in 1843, serving one term; and
was elected a representative to the thirty-
fifth congress from Maine; and was re-
elected to the thirty-sixth congress. He
was a member of the peace congress of
1861; and was appointed by President
Lincoln consul at London.
MORSE, HARMON NORTHRUP, chem
ist, author, was born Oct. 15, 1848, in
Cambridge, Vt. In 1876 he became asso
ciate professor of chemistry and sub-di
rector of the chemical laboratory at Johns
Hopkins. His papers number about twen
ty-five, and have appeared in the Ameri
can Chemical Journal.
MORSE, HENRY DUTTON, diamond-
cutter, inventor, was born April 20, 1826,
in Boston, Mass. In 1869 he established
his fame as a diamond-cutter by the skill
that he displayed in the treatment of a
fifty-carat stone found in Manchester,
nearly opposite Richmond, Va. He in
vented a cutting and polishing machine,
which reduced in a great measure the
tediousuess and inaccuracy of the old
manual process. He died Jan. 1, 1888, in
Jamaica Plains, Mass.
MORSE, ISAAC EDWARDS, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 22, 1809, in
Attakapas, La. He was a representa
tive from Louisiana in the twenty-eighth,
twenty-ninth, thirtieth, and thirty-first
congresses; and was subsequently attor
ney-general of Louisiana. He died Feb.
11, 1866, in New Orleans, La.
MORSE, JAMES HERBERT, educator,
poet, was born in 1841, in Massachusetts.
He is an educator and poet of New York
city; and the author of Summer Haven
Songs.
MORSE, JEDIDIAH, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 23, 1761, in Woodstock,
Conn. He was a congregational clergy
man of New England. He is sometimes
styled the Father of American Geography,
his being the first school text-books in
America of any importance. He was the
author of Elements of Geography; Amer
ican Gazetteer; Annals of the American
Revolution; Compendious History of New
England; Geography Made Easy; and
American Geography. He died June 9,
1826, in New Haven, Conn.
MORSE, JOHN TORREY, lawyer, au
thor, was born Jan. 9, 1840, in Boston,
Mass. He is a lawyer of Boston; and
the author of Lives of Hamilton, J. Q.
Adams, Jefferson, John Adams, Oliver
Wendell Holmes, Lincoln, Franklin;
Banks and Banking; Arbitration and
Award; and Famous Trials.
MORSE, LEOPOLD, merchant, con
gressman, was born Aug. 15, 1831, in Ba
varia. He was elected a representative
from Massachusetts to the forty-fifth,
forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth,
and fiftieth congresses as a democrat.
MORSE, MRS. LUCY [GIBBONS], au
thor, was born in 1839 in New York. She
is a novelist of New York city; and the
author of Rachel Stanwood, a Story; and
The Chezzles, a Story of Young People.
MORSE, O. A., lawyer, congressman,
was born March 26, 1815, in Cherry Val
ley, N. Y. He was elected a representa
tive to the thirty-fifth congress from New
York.
MORSE, RICHARD CARY, journalist,
was born June 18, 1795, in Charlestown,
Mass. He, with his brother Sidney, es
tablished the New York Observer, and for
thirty-five years was its proprietor and
associate editor. He died Sept. 23, 1868,
in Germany.
MORSE, SAMUEL BALDWIN, educa
tor, clergyman, college president, was
born Oct. 26, 1834, in Fayette, Maine. He
has filled pastorates in the baptist church
in Stockton and Oakland, Cal.; and since
1887 has been president of California col
lege.
MORSE, SAMUEL FINLEY BREESE,
inventor, artist, author, was born April
27, 1/91, in Charlestown, Mass. He found-
e d the National
Academy of Design
in New York, and
was its annually
elected president for
many years. His
most wonderful in
vention, the record
ing electric tele
graph, has been call
ed the greatest tri
umph which human
genius has obtained
over space and time.
The first telegraphic message, What hath
God wrought, was sent over the wires
May 24, 1844, and was dictated by Anna
G. Ellis, daughter of the commissioner of
patents, who came early in the morning
to inform him of the appropriation from
congress of thirty thousand dollars for
the construction of his first telegraphic
line between Baltimore and Washington.
He was the author of Foreign Conspira
cies against the Liberties of the United
States; Our Liberties Defended; and Im
minent Dangers through Foreign Immi
gration. He died April 2, 1872, in New
York.
MORSE, SIDNEY EDWARDS, journal
ist, geographer, author, was born Feb. 7,
1794, in Charlestown, Mass. He was a
journalist and geographer of New York
city; and the author of System of Mod
ern Geography; and Premium Questions
on Slavery. With a younger brother he
founded the New York Observer in 1823.
He died Dec. 24, 1871, in New York city.
MORSE, T. VERNETTE, artist, author,
was born in 1854, in Cortland county, N.
Y. In 1892 he came to Chicago and es
tablished Arts of America, which was so
successful that two years later he or
ganized the Central Art association of
America for the promotion and dispersion
of good art among the people.
MORSELL, JAMES S., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 10, 1775, in Calvert
county, Md. He served as a volunteer sol
dier in the war of 1812; and in 1816 was
appointed a judge of the United States
court for the District of Columbia, and
continued in that capacity until 1863. He
died Jan. 11, 1870, in Prince George coun
ty, Md.
MORTON, ALEXANDER, inventor, was
born March 8, 1820, in Scotland. He be
gan the manufacture of gold pens in New
York city during the summer of 1851, and
between that year and 1860 invented au
tomatic processes for pointing, temper
ing, and grinding them. He died Oct. 12,
1869, in New York city.
MORTON, CHARLES, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1620 in England. He
was a puritan clergyman who came to
New England in 1686, and was minister
at Charlestown and vice-president of Har
vard college. He was the author of The
Ark: its Loss and Recovery; and Sys
tem of Logic, long a text-book at Har
vard. He died April 11, 1698, in Boston,
Mass.
MORTON, CHARLES ADAMS, soldier,
merchant, banker. After leaving school
he engaged in the commission and whole
sale grocery busi
ness with his brother
at St. Louis, with a
branch house a t
Memphis, Tenn. At
the commencement
of hostilities in the
spring of 1861 he re-
c e i v e d autnority
from Governor Dick
Yates of Illinois, to
raise a company,
which went into
camp at Camp But
ler, and with others formed the thirty-
second Illinois infantry, commanded by
Colonel John Logan. In November, 1861,
Colonel Morton was detached from his
regiment and ordered to report to General
Sherman for duty as commissary of sub
sistence. In April, 1863, he was promoted
to a lieutenant-colonelcy, and assigned to
duty as chief of commissary of subsist
ence, fifteenth army corps, Major-General
W. T. Sherman commanding. Subsequent
ly, upon the return to Washington of Gen
eral Macfeely, he was assigned to duty
as chief C. S. of the army of the Ten
nessee, and did not leave the army until
the winter of 1865. From 1865 to 1871 he
resided in St. Louis. In the latter year
he removed to St. Paul, where he engaged
in banking, real estate and commission
business until 1880, when he removed to
Fargo, and organized the firm of Morton
and Company, for the transaction of real
estate and commission business. He was
also president of the Exchange bank of
Fargo from 1888 to 1892.
MORTON, GEORGE, lawyer, was born
June 23, 1859, in Ontario, Canada. He
graduated from the Victoria university;
was admitted to the bar at Albany in
1884; and has attained prominence as an
able lawyer of Ogdensburg, N. Y. He has
made his mark as a criminal lawyer, and
was one of the counsel to defend Frank
Conroy, the wife murderer.
678
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF' AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MORTON, ELIZA H., author, poet, was
born July 18, 1853, in Deering, Me. She
is the author of Potter's series of Geog
raphies; and a volume of poems entitled
Still Waters. She is also known as the
author of The Songs My Mother Sang;
My Mission; I Glory in the Cross; and
many other hymns, made popular in D. L.
Moody revival meetings.
MORTON, HENRY, physicist, college
president, author, was born Dec. 11, 1836,
in New York city. He was a noted physi
cist, president of the Stevens Institute of
Technology at Hoboken, N. J., from 1870;
and the author of The Student's Practical
Chemistry, and many valuable scientific
monographs.
MORTON, JACKSON, manufacturer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Aug. 10, 1794, in Spottsylvania
county, Va. He was a senator in con
gress from Florida from 1849 to 1855;
and served in the rebellion as a member
of the confederate congress. He died
Nov. 20, 1874, in Santa Rosa county, Fla.
MORTON, JAMES FERDINAND, edu
cator, clergyman, was born Jan. 24, 1844,
in Nova Scotia. He has filled the chair
of New Testament Exegesis in the Theo
logical institute of Newton, Mass.; and
since 1891 has filled the chair in the
Proctor academy of Andover, N. H. He
has done considerable editorial work, and
is a constant contributor to current lit
erature.
MORTON, JAMES ST. CLAIR, soldier,
author, was born Sept. 24, 1829, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a federal officer
killed in the attack upon Petersburg; and
the author of Instruction in Engineering;
New System of Fortifications; Memoir on
Fortification; and Dangers and Defenses
of New York City. He died June 17, 1864,
in Petersburg, Va.
MORTON, JENNIE C., poet, was born
in Bell's Grove, Ky. She is the daughter
of Judge Franklin Bryan Chinn. As a
poet of genius Mrs.
1 Morton is recog
nized the country
' over; and is consid-
, ered one of the
j sweetest poets of
[ central Kentucky.
j She is the author of
I a centennial poem,
which was read on
the occasion of the
> centennial commis
sion anniversary.
Her longest and best
poem, which is entitled A Rhyme of
the Women of Frankfort, and two other
beautiful poems of hers entitled, Frank
fort, and the Elkhorn, were handsomely
illustrated by photographic pictures of the
scenes and points of interest described in
them. A number of copies were published
in a brochure at five and ten dollars per
copy, and were purchased and sent abroad
as souvenirs.
MORTON, JEREMIAH, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1849 to 1851.
MORTON, JOHN, signer of the declara
tion of independence, was born in 1724 in
Ridley, Pa. He was appointed a justice
of the peace; and was soon elected to the
New York assembly of the state. He
was a member of the New York congress
in 1765. He was a judge of the supreme
court; was a signer of the declaration of
independence; and was a delegate to the
continental congress from 1774 to 1777. He
died April, 1777, in Delaware county, Pa.
MORTON, JULIUS STERLING, jour
nalist, legislator, was born April 22, 1832,
in Jefferson county, N. Y. He located in
Nebraska in 1854, in Bellevue, and in the
following year issued the first number of
the Nebraska City News. He was elected
to the territorial legislature the same year
and re-elected in 1857. He is the author
of the arbor day legislation, which pro
vides that one day in each year, April 22,
be made a public holiday and be devoted
to tree planting, and which has been
adopted in forty-two states. He was ap
pointed secretary of agriculture by Presi
dent Cleveland, and entered upon his du
ties March 7, 1893.
MORTON, LEVI PARSONS, vice-presi
dent of the United States, was born May
26, 1824, in Shoreham, Vt. He was for
many years financier and banker, and en
tered political life by being elected to con
gress in 1878. In 1889 he was inaugu
rated as vice-president of the United
States, and subsequently became governor
of New York.
MORTON, MARCUS, jurist, state legis
lator, congressman, governor, was born
Feb. 19, 1784, in Freetown, Mass. In 1811
he was chosen clerk of the Massachusetts
senate; and was a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts from 1817 to
3821. In 1823 he was a member of the
executive council of that st^te; in 1824
was elected lieutenant-governor; and was
subsequently a judge of the supreme court
of Massachusetts from 1825 to 1840. He
was governor of the state from 1840 to
1841, and again from 1843 to 1844. He was
collector of Boston from 1845 to 1849; and
a member of the state legislature in 1858.
He died Feb. 6, 1864, in Taunton.
MORTON, MARCUS, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born April 8, 1819,
in Taunton, Mass. In 1858 he was a
member of the Massachusetts legislature.
In 1859 he became judge of the superior
court of Massachusetts, and in 1872 was
made chief justice of the supreme court.
MORTON, MARTHA, dramatist, author,
was born in 1865 in New York city. She
is the author of Geoffrey Middleton, Gen
tleman, an American play that has run
successfully in New York city and else
where.
MORTON, NATHANIEL, author, was
born in 1613 in Holland. He was secre
tary of the Plymouth colony from 1647
till his death, whose New England's Me
morial is well known among colonial
annals. He died in 1686.
MORTON, OLIVER P., jurist, governor,
United States senator, was born Aug. 4,
1823, in Saulsbury, Ind, In 1852 he was
elected circuit judge
of the fifth judicial
circuit of Indiana. In
1860 he was elected
lieutenant - governor
of Indiana; and in
1861, on the transfer
of Governor H. S.
Lane to the United
States senate, as
sumed the office of
governor and held it
four years. In 1864
he was elected gov
ernor for a second term. In 1867 he was
elected a senator in congress for the term
ending in 1873; and was re-elected to the
senate for the term ending in 1879. He
died Nov. 1, 1877, in Indianapolis, Ind.
MORTON, OLIVER THROCK, lawyer,
author, was born in 1860 in Indiana. He
is a lawyer of Chicago; and the autnor of
The Southern Empire, with Other Papers.
MORTON, SAMUEL GEORGE; physi
cian, scientist, author, was born Jan. 26,
1799, in Philadelphia. He was a promi
nent Philadelphia physician and scientist,
and president of the Academy of Natural
Sciences. He was the author of Crania
Americana; Crania Egyptica; and Illus
trated System of Human Anatomy. He
died May 15, 1851, in Philadelphia, Pa.
MORTON, MRS. SARAH WENT-
WORTH [APTHORPE], author, poet,
was born Aug. 29, 1759, in Braintree,
Mass. She was a verse-writer of Quincy,
Mass.; and the author of Ouabi, an Indian
Tale in four cantos; and My Mind and its
Thoughts. She died May 14, 1846, in
Quincy, Mass.
MORTON. THOMAS, author, was born
about 1575 in England. He was a famous,
adventurer who, settling himself at Mount
Wollaston, which he termed Ma-re Mount,
scandalized the colonists at Plymouth and
Boston by his sports and carousals. The
New English Canaan is a sarcastic and
humorous description of his pious neigh
bors and their country. He died in 1646
in Maine.
MORTON, THOMAS GEORGE, physi
cian, author, was born Aug. 8, 1835, in
Philadelphia. He is a Philadelphia phy
sician; and the author of Surgery in the
Pennsylvania Hospital: an Epitome of
Practice from 1756; and Transfusion of
Blood and its Practical Application.
MORTON, WILLIAM THOMAS GREEN,
dentist, was born Aug. 19, 1819, in Charl-
ton, Mass. He first discovered the anaes
thetic treatment now used by all dentists;
and the French Academy of Sciences,
voted him an award of twenty-five hun
dred francs for the application of the dis
covery for surgical operations. He died
July 15, 1868, in New York city.
MORWITZ, EDWARD, journalist, in
ventor, author, was born June 12, 1815,
in Prussia. In 1850 he came to this coun
try, settling in Philadelphia, where in
1853 he purchased the German Democrat,
which is still edited and published by him.
He has invented an improved needle-gun.
He has published numerous books, includ
ing a History of Medicine; and German-
American Dictionary.
MOSBY, JOHN SINGLETON, soldier,
author, was born Dec. 6, 1833, in Pow-
hatan county, Va. He is a famous con
federate cavalry leader, consul at Hong
Kong in 1878-85; and subsequently a law
yer in San Francisco. He is the author
of War Reminiscences.
MOSBY, MARY WEBSTER, author,
was born in April, 1791, in Henrico coun
ty, Va. She published a book entitled
Pocahontas. She died Nov. 19, 1844, in
Richmond, Va.
MOSELEY, JONATHAN OGDEN, con
gressman, was born in 1762 in East Had-
dam, Conn. He was a representative in
congress from his nathe state from 1805
to 1821. He died Sept. 9, 1839, in Sagi-
naw, Mich.
MOSELEY, WILLIAM A., state senator,
congressman. He was a member of the
New York assembly in 1835; of the state
senate from 1838 to 1841; and a represen
tative in congress from 1843 to 1847.
MOSELEY, WILLIAM D., governor,
was born Feb. 1, 1795, in Lenoir county,
N. C. He was governor of Florida from
1845 to 1849. He died Jan. 4, 1863, in
Palatka, Fla.
MOSES, CHARLES L.. agriculturist,
congressman, was born May 2, 1856, in
Coweta county, Ga. He was elected from
Georgia to the fifty-second and fifty-third
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a democrat.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
679
MOSES, F. J., governor. He was gov
ernor of South Carolina from 1873 to 1875.
MOSGROVE, JAMES, manufacturer,
congressman, was born July 14, 1821, in
Kittanning, Pa. He became president of
the Kittanning Iron company; and also
president of the First National bank of
Kittanning, Pa. He was elected a rep
resentative from Pennsylvania to the for
ty-seventh congress as a democrat.
MOSHER, MRS. JENNIE M., author,
poet, was born Sept. 20, 1845, in New
York (Orleans county). She is promi
nent in missionary and temperance work,
and was president of the Missionary so
ciety of Independence, Iowa. She is the
author of a volume entitled Story of the
Bible in Rhyme.
MOSLER, HENRY, artist, was born
June 6, 1841, in New York city. During
the civil war he was an art correspondent
for Harper's Weekly; and also painted
portraits of a number of generals while
in camp. His best known works are,
Early Cares; Quadroon Girl; Wedding
Morning; and The Last Sacrament.
MOSS, JOHN CALVIN, inventor, was
born Jan. 5, 1838, near Bentleysville, Pa.
He was the first to make photo-engraving
a practical business success, and while his
methods have never been patented, he is
known as the inventor of what is called
the Moss process; Moss new process; and
the Moss-type process.
MOSS, JOHN R., lawyer, legislator, was
born Feb. 7, 1844, in Powhatan county,
Va. He was a member of the Virginia
legislature in 1869, and also in 1885. Since
1891 he has been county judge.
MOSS, LEMUEL, educator, journalist,
college president, author, was born Dec.
27, 1829, near Burlington, Ky. In 1874-75
he was president of the university of Chi
cago, and in 1875-84 of Indiana university.
He has written Annals of the United
States Christian Commission, and vari
ous articles on educational and religious
subjects. He also edited The Baptists and
the National Centenary.
MOSS, LEON F., educator, college pres
ident, lawyer, poet, was born Sept 12,
1861, in Cuba. In 1882 he was president
of the Western Normal college of Bush-
nell, 111.; and in 1883-84 was city attorney
at Ipava, 111. He is the author of a num
ber of poems.
MOTLEY, JOHN LOTHROP, lawyer,
diplomat, author, was born April 15, 1814,
in Boston, Mass. He was a distinguished
historian who was minister to Austria
in 1861-67, and to England in 1869-70. He
was the author of Morton's Hope, a ro
mance; Merry Mount, a romance; The
Rise of the Dutch Republic; The History
of the United Netherlands; and Life and
Death of John of Barneveld. He died
May 29, 1877, in Dorchester, England.
MOTT. FERRIS O., jurist, state legis
lator, was born Jan. 9, 1850, near Ithaca,
N. Y. He received his education in the
common schools of Michigan; learned the
carpenter's trade; and since 1878 has lived
in Harper, Kas. In 1890 he was elected
probate judge; and in 1894 was elected a
representative in the state legislature.
MOTT, GEORGE SCUDDER, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 25, 1829, in New
York city. He is a presbyterian minister
of Flemington, N. J.; and the author of
The Prodigal Son; The Resurrection of
the Dead; and The Perfect Law.
MOTT, GERSHOM, soldier, was born
April 7, 1822, near Trenton, N. J. He
was promoted brigadier-general of volun
teers in 1862; and in 1864 was brevetted
major-general for distinguished services
during the war. He died May 29, 1884, in
New York city.
MOTT, GORDON N., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 12,
1812, in Zanesville, Ohio. In 1849 he emi
grated to California; and in 1850 was
elected judge of Sutler county. In 1851
he was appointed a district judge; and
in 1861 was appointed a justice of the
supreme court of Nevada territory. In
1862 he was elected a delegate from that
territory to the thirty-eighth congress.
MOTT, HENRY AUGUSTUS, chemist,
author, was born Oct. 22, 1852, in Clifton,
N. Y. He was a chemist of New York
city; and the author of The Chemist's
Manual; Was Man Created?; The Air We
Breathe; and Fallacy of the Present The
ory of Sound. He died in 1896.
MOTT, JAMES, congressman, was born
June 20, 1788, in North Hempstead, Del.
He was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1801 to 1805. He had
pre\iously been treasurer of the state;
and was a presidential elector in 1805. He
died Jan. 26, 1868, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
MOTT, RICHARD, merchant, congress
man, was born July 21, 1804, in Mamaro-
neck, N. Y. He was a merchant of To
ledo, Ohio; and was elected to the thirty-
fourth congress; and re-elected to the
thirty-fifth congress.
MOTT, VALENTINE, surgeon, author,
was born April 26, 1785, in Glen Cove,
L. I. He was a celebrated surgeon of
New York city; and one of the founders
of Rutgers Medical college. He was the
author of Travels in Europe and the
East; Mott's Cliniques; and a translation
of Velpeau's Operative Surgery, and sur
gical papers. He died April 26, 1865, in
New York city.
MOTT, VALENTINE, physician, au
thor, was born Nov. 17, 1852, in New York
city. In 1887 he went to Paris as the rep
resentative of the American Pasteur in
stitute, and studied under Louis Pasteur
the prophylactic treatment for hydropho
bia, which he introduced into the United
States, bringing away the first inoculated
rabbit that Pasteur allowed to leave his
laboratory. His principal medical paper is
Rabies and How to Prevent It, being a
Discussion of Hydrophobia and the Pas
teur Method of Treatment.
MOTT, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, philan
thropist, was born Jan. 12, 1785, in New
York city. He established in 1807 the
House of Refuge, the Eastern dispensary,
the Home for the Friendless, the Colored
Orphans' asylum, the Institution for the
Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb, and the
Woman's hospital, in New York city. He
died May 3, 1867, in New York city.
MOTTE, ISAAC, soldier, congressman,
was born Dec. 8, 1738, in South Carolina.
In 1780-82 he represented South Carolina
in the continental congress. He was a
member of the state convention that rati
fied the United States constitution, and
was appointed naval officer of the port of
Charleston, holding that office till his
death. He died May 8, 1795, in South
Carolina.
MOULD, JACOB WREY, architect, was
born in 1825 in England. He came to
New York in 1853; and in 1857 he was
appointed assistant architect of public
works. In 1870 he became chief architect.
His last work was the design for the tem
porary tomb of Gen. Grant in Riverside
park, which he executed in a few min
utes. He died June 14, 1886, in New York
city.
MOULTON, JOSEPH WHITE, author,
was born in June, 1789, in Stratford, Conn.
He is an antiquarian writer of Roslyn,
L. I.; and the author of History of the
State of New York; and Chancery Practice
of New York. He died April 20, 1875, in
Roslyn, N. Y.
MOULTON, LOUISE C., author, was
born April 10, 1835, in Pomfret, Conn. In
1856 she began writing for Harper's Maga
zine and various other periodicals. She
is the author of Swallow Flights; Random
Rambles; Ourselves and Our Neighbors;
and a volume of poems entitled In the
Garden of Dreams.
MOULTON, LUTHER V., lawyer, au
thor, was born Sept. 27, 1843, in Howard,
Mich. He is a successful lawyer of Grand
Rapids, Mich. He has
Mfl' had charge of a num
ber of the most im
portant civil cases
tried in his state;
and has contributed
a number of articles
to law literature. He
is also a noted writer
on financial topics,
his articles con
stantly appearing in
financial publica
tions. He is the au
thor of a work entitled Science of Money
and American Finances.
MOULTON, MACE, lawyer, congress
man, was born in New Hampshire. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1845 to 1847; and a state
counselor in 1848 and 1849.
MOULTON, RICHARD GREEN, educa
tor, author, was born in 1849 in England.
He is an educator of note, professor in
the university of Chicago; and the author
of Ancient Classical Drama; The Univer
sity Extension Movement; and Shake
speare as a Dramatic Artist.
MOULTON, SAMUEL W., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Jan. 20,
1822, in Wenham, Mass. He was a mem
ber of the Illinois legislature from 1852 to
1859; was a presidential elector in 1856;
and was the author of the present com
mon school system of the state. He was
chosen president of the board of educa
tion of Illinois in 1859, and held the posi
tion in 1864, when he was elected a rep
resentative from Illinois to the thirty-
ninth congress. He was elected to the
forty-seventh congress; and re-elected to
the forty-eighth congress as a democrat.
MOULTRIE, JAMES, physician, educa
tor, was born March 27, 1793, in Charles
ton, S. C. On the organization of the
Medical College of South Carolina in 1824
he was elected professor of anatomy, but
declined. In 1833 he was elected to the
chair of physiology and accepted, retain
ing' it until 1867. He died in April, 1869,
in Charleston, S. C.
MOULTRIE, WILLIAM, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1731 in South Caro
lina. He was a member of the provincial
congress in 1775. In
177U he was made
brigadier-general; in
1779 defeated a su
perior British force
near Beaufort; and
the same year op
posed the advance
upon Charleston, and
held the city until
the approach of Gen.
Lincoln. He also dis
tinguished himself in
1780 at Charleston,
and was imprisoned until exchanged for
Gen. Burgoyne. He was major-general in
1782; was governor of South Carolina
from 1785 to 1786, and from 1794 to 1796.
While a prisoner he wrote his Memoirs of
the Revolution. He died Sept. 27, 1805, in
Charleston, S. C.
680
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MOUNT, JAMES ATWELL, farmer, leg
islator, governor, was born March 23,
1843, in Montgomery county, Ind. He has
been president of the Farmers' Mutual
Fire Insurance company of his county,
and has served as a state senator. He
has filled with honor the high office of
governor of Indiana.
MOUNT, WILLIAM SIDNEY, painter,
was born Nov. 26, 1807, in Setauket, N. Y.
The first painting that he exhibited was
The Daughter of Jairus, which was fol
lowed by other works of a similar charac
ter. Among his subsequent works are,
Men Husking Corn; Walking the Crack;
The Courtship; Sportsman's Last Visit;
Farmer's Nooning; The Raffle; Bargain
ing for a Horse; and The Truant Gam
blers, in the New York Historical socie
ty; The Ringing of the Pigs; The Lucky
Throw; Boys Trapping; Dance of the
Haymakers; Power of Music; and Music
is Contagious. He died Nov. 19, 1868, in
Setauket, L. I.
MOUNTFORD, WILLIAM, clergyman,
author, was born May 31, 1816, in Eng
land. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
Boston who became a spiritualist in his
later years; and was the author of Mar-
tyria; Euthanasy, or Happy Talk Toward
the End of Life; Christianity the Deliver
ance of the Soul; Minutes Past and Pres
ent; and Thorpe, a Quiet English Town.
He died April 20, 1885, in Boston, Mass.
MOULTON, ALEXANDRE, ninth gov
ernor of Louisiana, was born Nov. 19,
1804, in Lafayette, La. He practiced law
for a while, and in
1826 became a repre
sentative in the state
legislature; served
several terms; and
for two sessions was
speaker of the house.
In 1837 he was elect
ed to congress;
served on important
committees; and was
appointed governor
in 1843. At the time
of his death he was
probably the oldest surviving United
States senator; and was one of the best
governors Louisiana ever had. He died
Feb. 12, 1885, in Lafayette, La.
MOUTON. JEAN JACQUES ALEXAN
DRE ALFRED, soldier, was born Feb.
18, 1829, in Opelouse, La. He served in
the civil war and was successively pro
moted brigadier and major-general in the
confederate service. He died April 8, 1864,
in Mansfield, La.
MOWER, HORACE, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Vermont. He moved to Michigan,
from which state he was appointed an
associate justice of the United States
court for the territory of New Mexico, re
siding at Santa Fe.
MOWER, JOSEPH ANTHONY, soldier,
was born Aug. 22, 1827, in Woodstock, Vt.
He was bre\etted major-general in the
regular army for gallantry during the
civil war. He died Jan. 6, 1870, in New
Orleans, La.
MOWERS. BERK, musician, composer,
was born in Cleversburg, Pa., in which
city he still resides. For many years he
was engaged in educational work; read
music and studied art under the best
masters. He has directed conventions;
taught many and different musical or
ganizations; and is the author of the mu
sical composition entitled Shed a Tear.
He is the author of many selections,
both vocal and instrumental; and the au
thor of a music-book for Sabbath school
use entitled Golden Grains. In 1892 he
was elected justice of the peace; and
takes an active part in public affairs.
MOWRY, DANIEL, JR., jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in
Smithfield, R. I. He was in the colonial
general assembly at the time they passed
the act which renounced allegiance to the
king. He was judge of the court of com
mon pleas in Rhode Island. He was elected
a delegate to the continental congress
from that state in 1781.
MOWRY, SYLVESTER, soldier, au
thor, was born in 1830 in Providence, R.
I. He was an army officer who resigned
in 1858; and the author of Arizona and
Sonora; and the Geography, History,
and Resources of the Silver Regions of
North America. He died Oct. 16, 1871, in
London, England.
MOWRY, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, edu
cator, author, was born Aug. 13, 1829, in
Uxbridge, Mass. He is an educator of
Boston; and the author of Talks with My
Boys; Studies in Civil Government; Ele
ments of Civil Government; and School
History of the United States.
MOYLAN, STEPHEN, soldier, was born
in 1734 in Ireland. He served with dis
tinction through the revolutionary war;
and was brevetted brigadier-general in
1783. He died April 11, 1811, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
MOYLAN, WILLIAM, college presi
dent, was born June 22, 1822, in Ireland.
In 1865 he was elected president of St.
John's college, resigning in 1868. He died
Jan. 14, 1891, in Fordham, N. Y.
MOYLE, JAMES H., lawyer, legislator,
was born Sept. 17, 1858, in Salt Lake City,
Utah. He received his education at the
university of Utah, and at the university
of Michigan, attending both the literary
and the law departments. During 1886-90
he was prosecuting attorney for Salt
Lake county; and in 1880 was a member
of the Utah territorial legislature. He
has been president of the board of trus
tees of the State Reform school, and for
six years was one of its trustees. He is a
director in a number of the leading corpo
rations of Utah, including banking, com
mercial, mining, live stock and abstract
ing.
MOYNAHAN, JAMES, merchant, state
senator, was born June 7, 1842, in Green
field, Mich. He is a successful miner and
merchant of Alma, Colo.; has been mayor
of his city; and served as a member of the
Colorado state senate, of which body he
was president pro tern.
MOZIER, JOSEPH, merchant, sculptor,
was born Aug. 22, 1812, in Burlington,
Vt. His principal works are Pocahontas;
The Wept of the Wish-ton-Wish, which
he repeated several times; Truth; Si
lence, both in the Mercantile library,
New York;- Rebecca at the Well; Esther;
Indian Girl at the Grave of her Lover;
Jephthah's Daughter; The Peri; and Riz-
pah. He died in October, 1870, in Swit
zerland.
MOZLEY, NORMAN A., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 11, 1865, in
Johnson county, 111. He was elected from
Missouri to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
MUDD, SYDNEY EMANUEL, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 12, 1858, in
Charles county, Md. He was elected to the
Maryland state house of delegates in 1879
and re-elected in 1881. He was elected to
the fifty-first and defeated for the fifty-
second congress; and was elected to the
state house of delegates in 1895, and was
speaker of that body. He was delegate
to the national republican convention in
1896; and was elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
MUDGE, ALFRED, publisher, was born
April 25, 1805, in Portsmouth, N. H. He
printed, among other specimens of fine
work, History of the City Hall, published
by the city authorities of Boston; a gen
ealogical record of the descendants of
Hugh Clark, of Watertown; and the
Mudge Memorials, being an account of the
Mudge family. He died Aug. 14, 1882, in
Hull, Mass.
MUDGE, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, law
yer, state senator, was born Aug. 11, 1817,
in Orrington, Maine. He settled in Kan
sas in 1862, and in 1864-65 was state sen
ator. He died Nov. 21, 1879, in Manhat
tan, Kas.
MUDGE, ENOCH, clergyman, author,
was born June 28, 1776, in Lynn, Mass.
He was a noted methodist itinerant
preacher of New England; and the author
of Notes on the Parables; Lynn, a Poem;
The Juvenile Expositor; Lectures to Sea
men. He died April 2, 1850, in Lynn,
Mass.
MUDGE, ZACHARIAH ATWELL, cler
gyman, author, was born July 2, 1813, in
Orrington, Maine. He was a methodist
clergyman of Massachusetts; and the au
thor of The Christian Statesman; Views
from Plymouth Rock; Witch Hill, a His
tory of Salem Witchcraft; Life of Abra
ham Lincoln; Footprints of Roger Wil
liams; Arctic Heroes; Fur-clad Adven
turers; History of Suffolk County, Massa
chusetts; and The Luck of Alden Farm.
He died in 1888.
MUFFLY, JOSEPH WENDEL, educa
tor. He is prominently identified with the
educational and public affairs of Des
Moines, Iowa.
MUHLEMAN, ROBERT W., physician,
surgeon, business man, was born May 5,
1853, in Hannibal, Ohio. He attended the
Baldwin university of Berea, Ohio, and
the Pulte Medical college of Cincinnati,
Ohio. He is a successful physician and
surgeon of Bellaire, Ohio. He has been
superintendent of the Hannibal schools;
president of the Crystal Window Glass
company of Bellaire, Ohio; president of
the Seal Glass Mandolin company; vice-
president of the Ohio Valley Telephone
company.
MUHLENBERG, FRANCIS SAMUEL,
lawyer, legislator, congressman, was
born Aug. 22, 1795, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He moved to Ohio; became a member of
the legislature of that state; and was a
representati\e from Ohio in the twentieth
congress. He died in 1832 in Pickaway
county, Ohio.
MUHLENBERG, FREDERICK AUGUS
TUS, clergyman, college president, author,
was born Aug. 25, 1818, in Lancaster, Pa.
He has been professor in Franklin col
lege from 1838 to 1850; of Greek in Penn
sylvania college from 1850 till 1867; first
president of Muhlenberg college, Pa., from
1867 till 1876, and professor of the Greek
language and literature in the university
of Pennsylvania since 1876. He has pub
lished his Inaugural Address as president
of Muhlenberg college; Semi-Centennial
Address at Pennsylvania college, and oth
er addresses.
MUHLENBERG, FREDERICK AUGUS
TUS CONRAD, clergyman, congressman,
was born Jan. 1, 1750, in Trappe, Pa. In
1773 he was pastor of Christ's church,
New York city, retiring from the ministry
in 1779, when he entered the continental
congress as the representative of the
Pennsylvania Germans. He was the pre
siding officer of the assembly in his own
state, and speaker of the first and third
congresses. He died June 4, 1801, in Lan
caster, Pa.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
681
MUHLENBERG, GOTTHILP HENRY
ERNST, clergyman, author, was born
Nov. 11, 1753, in Trappe, Pa. He was a
lutheran divine of Philadelphia, famous
as a botanist in his day; and the author
of Cantalogus Plantarum Americse Sep-
tentrionalis; and English and German
Lexicon and Grammar. He died May 23,
1815, in Lancaster, Pa.
MUHLENBERG, HENRY AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, congressman, was born May
13, 1782, in Lancaster, Pa. He was elect
ed a representative
from Pennsylvania
to congress in 1828,
and served from
1829 until 1838,
when he resigned his
seat and accepted the
mission to Austria,
about that time cre
ated. In 1835 he was
the candidate of a
portion of the demo
cratic party for gov
ernor; and in 1838
was appointed minister to Austria. He
died Aug. 12, 1844, in Reading, Pa.
MUHLENBERG, HENRY AUGUSTUS,
JR., lawyer, state senator, congressman,
was born in July, 1823. in Reading, Pa.
He was elected to the Pennsylvania state
senate in 1848, of which body he at once
became a leading member. He wrote a
Life of General Muhlenberg. He was
elected a member of the thirty-third con
gress. He died Jan. 9, 1854, in Washing
ton.
MUHLENBERG, JOHN PETER GA
BRIEL, bishop, soldier, congressman,
United States senator, was born Oct. 1,
1746, in Trappe, Pa. In 1774 he was elect-
•ed to the house of burgesses of Virginia.
He raised the eighth Virginia regiment,
and was made its colonel. In 1777 he was
made brigadier-general. After the war
"he was elected vice-president of Pennsyl
vania; was a presidential elector in 1797;
and was a member of the first, third and
sixth congresses from Pennsylvania. He
-was United States senator in 1801, which
office he resigned in 1802. He was ap
pointed supervisor of revenue for Penn
sylvania in that year; and was appointed
collector of the port of Philadelphia.
Muhlenberg college was named after him.
He died Oct. 1, 1807, near Philadelphia.
MUHLENBERG, WILLIAM AUGUS
TUS, clergyman, author, poet, was born
Sept. 16, 1796, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was a distinguished episcopal clergyman,
rector of the Church of the Holy Com
munion in New York city in 1846-77. He
was the founder of St. Luke's hospital,
and organized the first protestant sister
hood in America. His hymn, I Would not
Live Alway, is widely known. He was the
author of Church Poetry; Music of the
Church; People's Psalter; Evangelical
Catholic Papers; Christ and the Bible;
Family Prayers; Letters on Protestant
Sisterhoods; St. Johnland; and Ideal and
Actual. He died April 8, 1877, in New
York city.
MUIR, JAMES, clergyman, author, was
born April 12, 1757, in Scotland. He was
a presbyterian clergyman of Alexandria,
Va. ; and the author of An Examination
of the Principles in the Age of Reason,
in Ten Discourses; and Sermons. He died
Aug. 20, 1820, in Alexandria, Va.
MUIR, JOHN, scientist, explorer, au
thor, was born in 1838 in Scotland. He
is a noted California scientist and explor
er, discoverer of the Muir Glacier in Alas
ka; and the author of The Mountains
•of California.
MULDROW, HENRY LOWNDES, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, congressman, was
born in Mississippi. He served in the
confederate army from 1861 to 1865, rising
to the rank of colonel. He was district
attorney for the sixth judicial district of
Mississippi from 1869 to 1871. He was
elected a representative in the state leg
islature in 1875; and was elected a repre
sentative from Mississippi to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh and forty-
eighth congresses as a democrat.
MULFORD, ELISHA, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 19, 1833, in Montrose,
Pa. He was an episcopal clergyman of
Cambridge, lecturer in the Episcopal The
ological school there, and prominent
among broad church thinkers. He was
the author of The Nation; The Founda
tions of Civil Order and Political Life in
the United States; and The Republic of
God. He died Dec. 9, 1885, in Cambridge,
Mass.
MULFORD, PRENTICE, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1834 in Long Island. He
was a journalist of New York city and
San Francisco; and the author of The
Swamp Angel; Life by Land and Sea; and
Your Forces and How to Use Them.
MULLANY, JAMES ROBERT MADI
SON, naval officer, was born Oct. 26, 1818,
in New York city. He was actively en
gaged in the Mexican and civil wars, and
attained the rank of commodore. He died
Sept. 17, 1887, in Bryn Mawr, Pa.
MULLANY, PATRICK FRANCIS, edu
cator, author, was born June 29, ,1847. in
Ireland. He was a Roman catholic edu
cator of the order of Brothers of the
Christian Schools; president of Rock Hill
college in 1878-89, and subsequently a res
ident of New York city. He was the au
thor of The Development of English Lit
erature: Old English Period; Philosophy
of Literature; Psychological Aspects of
Education; Address on Thinking; Aris
totle and the Christian Church; Culture of
the Spiritual Sense; and Phases of
Thought and Criticism. He died in 1893.
MULLEN, TOBIAS, bishop, was born in
1818 in Ireland. He was consecrated
bishop of Erie in 1868.
MULLER, ALBERT A., poet, clergy
man, was born about 1800 in Char
leston, S. C. One of his poems was large
ly copied in the newspapers and appeared
as the first piece in the early American
editions of Moore's Sacred Melodies. He
published a volume of poems, which at
tracted much attention.
MULLER, CARL CHRISTIAN, author,
musician, was born July 3, 1831, in Ger
many. He was leader of the orchestra at
the old Barnum's museum; and since 1879
he has been professor of harmony of the
New York College of Music.
MULLER, NICHOLAS, banker, legisla
tor, congressman, was born Nov. 15, 1836,
in Germany. He was a promoter of and
director in the Germania bank of New
York city. He was a member of the state
assembly in 1875 and 1876; and of the
democratic state central committee in
1875. He was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-fifth and for
ty-sixth congresses; was also elected to
the forty-eighth and forty-ninth con
gresses as a democrat.
MULLER, NIKOLAUS, poet, was born
in 1809 in Germany. He was a German
poet who emigrated to New York city in
1853 and established himself there as a
printer. He died in 1873.
MULLER, RICHARD A., artist, en
graver, was born March 27, 1850, in Ba
varia, Germany. He has attained emi
nence as an artist and engraver on wood.
MULLER-IIRY, ADOLPH FELIX, por
trait painter, was born Feb. 28, 1862, in
Switzerland. Among his most important
portraits are Cardinal Gibbons; Chaun-
cey M. Depew; J. J. Hill of St. Paul; and
a full-size portrait of Gen. Grant.
MULLETT, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, was born Oct. 17, 1784, in Wit-
tingham, Vt. He was admitted to the
bar in 1814; and in 1823 was elected to
the New York legislature, serving two
terms. In 1846 he was made attorney for
Buffalo, and in 1847 he became justice of
the supreme court of New York. He died
Sept. 10, 1858.
MULLIGAN, JAMES A., soldier, was
born June 25, 1830, in Utica, N. Y. In
1850 he graduated from the university
of St. Mary's-of-the-
Lake of Chicago;
published a Roman
catholic paper; and
in 1857 began prac
ticing law in Chi
cago. When the civ
il war opened he or
ganized and was
chosen colonel of the
twenty-third Illinois
regiment, known as
the Irish brigade. He
was fatally wounded
July 24, 1864, at the battle of Winchester,
and died two days la-ter.
MULLIGAN, JOHN, railroad president,
was born Jan. 12, 1820, in Hartford, Conn.
Since 1890 he has been president of the
Connecticut River railroad.
MULLIN, JOSEPH, congressman, was
born in Ireland. He was a representative
in congress from New York from 1847 to
1849.
MULLINS, JAMES, soldier, legislator,
congressman, was born Sept. 15, 1807, in
Bedford county, Tenn. In 1831 he was
made a colonel of militia; and from 1840
to 1846 was a county sheriff. He was a del
egate to the Nashville convention of 1865;
and was elected to the state legislature
in the same year, and made speaker. In
1867 he was elected a representative from
Tennessee to the fortieth congress.
MULVANY, PETER, merchant, con
tractor, poet, was born Nov. 20, 1844, in
Ireland. He is a successful merchant,
hotel keeper, railroad contractor and
builder of Salida, Colo. For twelve years
he has been a director in the Salida Build
ing and Loan association. He is the au
thor of a number of meritorious poems,
and has contributed extensively to the
periodical press on educational and other
topics.
MUMFORD, GEORGE, legislator, con
gressman, was born in Rowan county, N.
C. He represented it in the general as
sembly in 1810 and 1811; and was a rep
resentative in congress from 1817 to 1819.
He died Dec. 31, 1818, in Washington.
MUMFORD, GURDON S., congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1805 to 1811.
MUNDAY, JOHN WILLIAM, lawyer,
author, was born in 1844 in Indiana. He
is a lawyer of Chicago; and the author of
The Spanish Galleon; and The Lost Can
yon of the Toltecs, both tales of adven
ture for boys.
MUNDE, PAUL FORTUNATUS, physi
cian, author, was born Sept. 7, 1846. in
Saxony. He is a prominent New York
physician; and the author of Obstetric
Palpation; Minor Surgical Gynaecology;
and Management of Pregnancy.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MUNFORD, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
poet, was born Aug. 15, 1775, in Mecklen
burg county, Va. He was a lawyer of
Richmond, Va., who, beside several vol
umes of Law Reports, published a volume
of Poems (1798) and a scholarly blank-
verse translation of the Iliad. He died
June 21, 1825, in Richmond, Va.
MUNGEN, WILLIAM, soldier, journal
ist, congressman, was born May 12, 1821,
in Baltimore, Md. In 1846 and 1848 he
was chosen a county auditor of Ohio; and
in 1851 was elected to the state senate and
declined a re-election. He was appointed
state agent to visit all the Ohio troops
in the department of Tennessee with poll-
books and tally-sheets; and in 1864 was
appointed to perform the same duty for
the Ohio troops in the army of the Poto
mac. In 1866 he was elected a represen
tative from Ohio to the fortieth con
gress; and was re-elected to the forty-
first congress as a democrat.
MUNGER, THEODORE THORNTON,
clergyman, author, was born March 5,
1830, in Bainbridge, N. Y. He was a con
gregational clergyman of New Haven,
prominent among liberal thinkers of that
faith; and the author of On the Thresh
old; The Freedom of Faith; Lamps and
Paths; and The Appeal to Life.
MUNKITTRICK, RICHARD KEN
DALL, journalist, author, poet, was born
in 1853 in England. He is a humorous
writer of New York city on the editorial
staff of Puck: and the author of The
Moon Prince, a juvenile; Farming; and
The Acrobatic Muse, a collection of hu
morous verse.
MUNN, GEORGE F., artist, was born
in 1852 in Utica, N. Y. He has painted
and sketched in Brittany, and has exhibit
ed at the Dudley gallery, London, at Bir
mingham, and elsewhere. Among his
works are Wild Flowers; Roses; Mead
ow-Sweet; and A Sunny Day, Brittany.
MUNRO, GEORGE, publisher, was born
Nov. 12, 1825, in Nova Scotia. In 1867 he
published the Fireside Companion; was
the first to issue a series of cheap novels
in the form of a weekly journal, and in
this form East Lynne first appeared in
1877. He died April 23, 1896, in Pine Hill
N. Y.
MUNROE, CHARLES EDWARD, edu
cator, chemist, author, was born May 24,
1849, in Cambridge, Mass. He has been
professor of chemistry in the United
States Naval academy, and in the United
States Naval War college and Torpedo
station; and is now dean of the Colum
bian university of Washington, D. C. He is
the author of one hundred scientific pa
pers.
MUNROE, [CHARLES] KIRK, author,
was born in 1850 in Wisconsin. She is a
popular writer, now resident in Florida,
whose writings are mainly for juvenile
readers. She is the author of Wakulla;
Life of Mrs. Stowe; The Flamingo Feath
er; Derrick Sterling; Crystal Jack and
Co.; The Golden Days of '49; Dorymates;
Under Orders; Prince Dusty; Campmates;
Canoemates; Cab and Caboose; Raft-
mates; The Coral Ship; The White Con
querors; The Fur Seal's Tooth; Big Cy
press; Snow-Shoes and Sledges; Totem of
the Bear; Rick Dale; A Young War Chief;
and At War with Pontiac.
MUNROE, JAMES, legislator, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in Virginia.
He was elected a representative in con
gress from New York, serving from 1839
to 1841. He was a member of the as
sembly of New York in 1850 and 1852,
and a state senator during the three sub
sequent years. He died in 1870 in New
Jersey.
MUNROE. JOHN, soldier, was born
about 1796 in Scotland. He was military
and civil governor of New Mexico from
October, 1849. till 1850. and was promoted
lieutenant-colonel in 1856. He died April
26, 1861, in New Brunswick, N. J.
MUNSELL, FRANKLIN, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1857 in New York. He
is a publisher of Albany; and the author
of Chips for the Chimney Corner; and
The Bibliography of Albany.
MUNSELL, JOEL, printer, publisher,
author, was born April 14, 1808, in North-
field, Mass. He was a printer and pub
lisher of Albany; and the author of Out
lines of the History of Printing; Every-
Day Book of History and Chronology;
and Chronology of Paper and Paper-Mak
ing. He died Jan. 15, 1880, in Albany,
N. Y.
MUNSEY, FRANK ANDREW, journal
ist, author, was born in 1854 in Maine.
He is a prominent magazine publisher of
New York city; and the author of Afloat
in a Great City; The Boy Broker; and
Deringforth.
MUNSON, ^NEAS, physician, educa
tor, legislator, was born June 24, 1734, in
New Haven, Conn. He was president of
the Medical society of Connecticut, and
was a professor in the Medical school of
Yale from its organization till his death.
During the revolutionary war he was often
a member of the legislature. He died
June 16, 1826, in New Haven, Conn.
MUNSON, JAMES EUGENE, phono-
grapher, author, was born May 12, 1835, in
Paris, N. Y. He is a phonographer of
New York city; and the author of The
Complete Phonographer; Dictionary of
Practical Phonography; and Phrase Book
of Practical Phonography.
MUNSON, LOVELAND, lawyer, jurist,
state senator., was born July 21, 1843, in
Manchester, Vt. He was a member of the
constitutional convention of 1870; of the
house of representatives in 1872, 1874 and
1882; and a member of the state senate in
1878. He was register of probate during
1866-76; and a judge of probate in 1883-
89. The latter year he became a judge;
and was re-elected four times, serving
until 1898.
MUNSON, LYMAN E., lawyer, jurist.
He was appointed chief justice of the
United States court for the territory of
Montana.
MUNSON, MYRON ANDREWS, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born May 5,
1835, in Chester, Mass. He graduated
from Harvard in 1860; and from Andover
Theological seminary in 1864. He has
made a tour in Europe; served as a sol
dier; taught Latin, German, English lit
erature and geology; and performed^ min
isterial duty in Vermont, Minnesota, New
York and Massachusetts. His health fail
ing, he engaged in historical research,
and is the author of The Munson Record,
in two volumes; and has issued a dozen
pamphlets on diverse themes.
MUNSON, SAMUEL LYMAN, manufac
turer, financier, was born June 14, 1844, in
Huntington, Mass. He is a successful
manufacturer of shirts and collars of Al
bany, N. Y. He is a trustee and secre
tary of the Home Savings bank; and a
director of the Albany Exchange National
bank.
MUNSON, PETER, educator, clergy
man, was born Sept. 14, 1859, in Sweden.
He graduated from the Wesleyan univer
sity of Fullerton, Neb.; from the Swed
ish Theological seminary of Evanston,
111.; and for three years attended the Illi
nois Wesleyan university of Blooming-
ton. For several years he was engaged
in educational work; is now pastor and1
secretary of the western Swedish confer
ence; and also missionary secretary of
the Kansas-Nebraska district.
MUNSON, WILLIAM BENJAMIN, rail
road president, was born Jan. 7, 1846, in
Fulton county, 111. In 1888 he became
president of the Denison and Washita
Valley railway.
MURAT, NAPOLEON ACHILLE. au
thor, was born Jan. 21, 1801, in Paris,
France. In his youth he bore the title of
Prince of the Two Sicilies. He came to
the United States in 1821, was naturalized
and settled in Tallahassee, Fla. He was
mayor of that p!ace in 1824, and postmas
ter in 1826-28. He died April 15, 1847, in
Wasceissa, Fla.
MURBAUGH, EDMUND DANDRIDGE,
educator, college president, was born Nov.
18, 1853, in Uniontown, Ala. He attended
the Mary college, and the university of
Virginia, after receiving the rudiments of
his education in Fredericksburg. He has
attained success as an educator; has been
president of the A. and M. college of
Oklahoma; and is now the president of
the Oklahoma Territorial Normal school.
MURCH, THOMPSON H., stone cutter,
journalist, congressman, was born March
29, 1838, in Hampden, Maine. For eigh
teen years he was a stone cutter, and in
1877 became the editor and publisher of
The Granite-Cutters' International Jour
nal. He was elected a representative from
Maine to the forty-sixth and forty-seventh
congresses.
MURDOCH, JAMES EDWARD, actor,
lecturer, author, was born Jan. 25, 1811, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a noted actor
and lecturer; and the author of Orthoph-
ony; The Stage; Plea for Spoken Lan
guage; and Analytic Elocution. He died
in 1893.
MURDOCK. HAROLD, author, was born
in 1862 in Massachusetts. He is a bank
cashier of Boston; and the author of The
Reconstruction of Europe, a Sketch of the
Diplomatic and Military History of Con
tinental Europe from the Rise to the Fall
of the Second French Empire.
MURDOCK, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 16, 1776, in Westbrook,
Conn. He was a congregational clergy
man and educator of New Haven. He
was the author of Sketches of Modern
Philosophy, and translator of Mosheim's
Ecclesiastical History, and other works,
as well as of a Literal Translation of the
New Testament from the Ancient Syriac.
He died Aug. 10, 1856, in Columbus, Miss.
MURDOCK, SAMUEL A., soldier, law
yer, was born Jan. 12, 1848, in Mt. Holly,
N. J. During the civil war he was a pri
vate soldier in company F, eleventh regi
ment Illinois volunteer cavalry, and was
one of the youngest men in that regiment.
He is a prominent lawyer of Havana, 111.;
has been city attorney for four terms; and
has filled various public positions of hon
or in .his city, county and state.
MURFREE, FANNY NOAILLES DICK
INSON, author. She is the author of
Felicia, a novel.
MURFREE, MARY NOAILLES—
Charles Egbert Craddock — author, was
born about 1840 in Grantlands, Tenn. She
is the author of In the Tennessee Moun
tains; Where the Battle was Fought; The
Prophet of the Great Smoky Mountains;
Down the Ravine; His Vanished Star; In
the Clouds; The Story of Keedon Bluffs;
The Despot of Broomsedge Cove; In the
Stranger People's Country; The Phan
toms of the Footbridge; The Mystery of
Witch-Face Mountain, and Other Stories;
and The Juggler.
HERRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
683
MURFREE, WILLIAM H., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in Hert
ford county, N. C. He served in the
North Carolina state legislature in 1805;
was a representative in congress from 1813
to 1817; and was a presidential elector in
1813. He died in Nashville, Tenn.
MURFREE, WILLIAM LAW, lawyer,
author, was born July 19, 1817. in Mur-
freesboro, N. C. In 1881 he edited the
Central Law Journal; and is the author
of A Treatise on the Law of Sheriffs;
Official Bonds; and Practice before Jus
tices of the Peace. He died Aug. 23, 1892,
in Murfreesboro, Tenn.
MURPHEY, ABNER GOFF, educator,
college president, was born Oct. 18, 1831,
in Knox county, Ohio. He is the presi
dent of Logan Female college of Russell-
ville, Ky.
MURPHEY, ARCHIBALD DEBOW.
lawyer, jurist, author, was born in 1777
in Caswell county, N. C. He was the au
thor of numerous law works, and a his
tory of his state. He died Feb. 3, 1832, in
Hillsborough, N. C.
MURPHY, LADY BLANCHE ELIZA
BETH MARY ANNUNCIATA [NOEL],
author, was born about 1850 in England.
She is the author of On the Rhine, and
Other Sketches. She died March 22, 1881,
in North Conway, N. H.
MURPHY, CHARLES, congressman,
was born in South Carolina. He was a
representative in congress from 1851 to
1853.
MURPHY, EDGAR GARDNER, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 31, 1869, in
Fort Smith, Ark. He now fills a pastor
ate in Kingston, N. Y. He is the author
of The Larger Life; Words for the
Church; and has contributed extensively
to current literature.
MURPHY, EDWARD, JR., state .legisla
tor, United States senator, was born Dec.
15, 1836, in Troy, N. Y. He was elected
to the New York state legislature in 1875,
and re-elected in 1877, 1879 and in 1881.
He was elected United States senator to
fill a vacancy, and took his seat March 4,
1893. His term of service in the senate
will expire March 3, 1899.
MURPHY, EVERETT J., state legisla
tor, congressman, was born July 24, 1852,
in Nashville, 111. In 1886 he was elected
a representative to the general assembly
of Illinois, and in 1889 was appointed
warden of the Southern Illinois peniten
tiary, which position he held until 1892,
when he removed to East St. Louis, where
he now resides. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
MURPHY, FRANKLIN, manufacturer,
state legislator, was born Jan. 3, 1836, in
Jersey City, N. J. In 1865 he founded the
firm of Murphy and
Co., varnish manu
facturers of Newark.
Since then, his time,
•• energies and great
business capacity
", have been devoted,
• in the main, to the
j promotion of this
^•^^Kfck. 'g trade. The Murphy
• varnishes are now
B sold all over the
•£.. | world, and the Mur
phy Varnish Co.,
which succeeded the firm in 1891, and of
which Mr. Murphy is president, has fac
tories in Newark, Chicago, St. Louis, and
Cleveland, and transacts an enormous
business. He has served as member of
the Newark common council and of the
New Jersey legislature; is now chairman
of the republican state committee, and is
active in each campaign.
MURPHY, GEORGE ARTHUR, lawyer,
state senator, was born Dec. 25, 1858, in
Starke county, Ind. In 1888 he moved to
Beatrice, Neb. In 1890 he was chosen
city attorney; in 1894 was elected county
attorney; and in 1896 was elected a mem
ber of the Nebraska state legislature.
MURPHY, HENRY CRUSE, lawyer,
state legislator, state senator, congress
man, author, was born July 5, 1810, in
Brooklyn, N. Y. He was at one time at
torney for the city of Brooklyn; and was
elected mayor of that city in 1842. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1843 to 1849; and was
appointed minister to The Hague. On his
return from Europe he was elected to
the legislature of New York, serving in
both the assembly and senate. He was
again elected to the state senate in 1868
and 1869. In 1868 he published a transla
tion from the Dutch entitled Journal of
a Voyage to New York in 1679-80. His
other works are: Henry Hudson in Hol
land; and Anthology of the New Neth
erlands. He died Dec. 11, 1882, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
MURPHY, ISAAC, governor. He was
governor of Arkansas from 1864 to 1868.
MURPHY, JAMES A., lawyer, was born
June 21, 1862, in Clermont, Iowa. He
attended the Commercial college of Du-
buque, Iowa; was postmaster of Carring-
ton, N. D., for two years; has been clerk
of the district court; and in 1893-95 was
deputy commissioner of insurance for
North Dakota. He has a large practice
in Jamestown, N. D.; and takes a promi
nent part in the public affairs of 'his
county and state.
MURPHY, JEREMIAH H., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 19,
1835, in Lowell, Mass. He was mayor of
Davenport, Iowa, in 1873; and was a state
senator from 1874 to 1878. He was again
elected mayor of Davenport in 1880. He
was elected a representative from Iowa
to the forty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-ninth congress as a
democrat.
MURPHY, JOHN, congressman, govern
or, was born in 1786, In Columbia, S. C.
He moved to Alabama in 1817; was gov
ernor of Alabama from 1825 to 1829; and
a representative in congress from that
state from 1833 to 1835. He died Sept. 21,
1841, in Clarke county, Ala.
MURPHY, JOHN, publisher, was born
March 12, 1812, in Ireland. In 1855 he
printed a translation of the Definition of
the Dogma of the Immaculate Concep
tion, for which Pope Pius IX sent him a
gold medal. He died May 27, 1880, in
Baltimore, Md.
MURPHY, JOHN ALBERT, clergyman,
poet, was born Jan. 24, 1837, in Rich Fork,
N. C. He received his education at the
Catawba college, N. C., from which insti
tution he received his degree of D. D.;
and the degree of A. M. was conferred
upon him by Trinity college. In 1857 he
joined the St. Louis conference of the
methodist episcopal church south; and in
1879 was transferred to the northwest
Texas conference.
MURPHY, JOHN FRANCIS, landscape-
painter, was born Dec. 11, 1853, in Oswe-
go, N. Y. In 1885 he received the second
Hallgarten prize for his painting Tints
of a Vanished Past, and he took the
Webb prize at the Society of American
Artists in 1887. His works include Sunny
Slopes; Upland Cornfield; October; Late
Afternoon; April Weather; Woodland;
Rocky Slope; Weedy Brook; Sultry Sea
son; Edge of a Pond; After the Frosts;
The Yellow Leaf; Indian Summer; Sun
down; and Brooks and Fields.
MURPHY, JOHN L., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Tennessee. He was appointed an
associate justice of the United States,
court for the territory of Montana, resid
ing in Virginia City.
MURPHY, JOHN McLEOD, civil engi
neer, was born Feb. 14, 1827, in North-
castle, N. Y. He entered the United States
navy as midshipman in 1841; was pro
moted past midshipman in 1847; and
resigned in 1852. He died June 1, 1871, in
New York city.
MURPHY, NATHAN 0., congressman,
governor, was born in 1849, in Lincoln
county, Maine. He settled in Prescott,.
Ariz., in 1883. The governorship was ten
dered to him and he took his seat in 1892.
He was the unanimous nominee of his.
party for delegate to the fifty-fourth con
gress, and was elected by a large plu
rality.
MURPHY, ROBERT S., soldier, public
official, legislator, was born April 15, 1840,
in Paulding county, Ohio. In 1861 he en
listed as a private in
company E, thirtieth
regiment Indiana
volunteer infantry;
was continuously in
the service, and par
ticipated in the bat
tle of Shiloh, the
siege of Vicksburg,
and numerous other
engagements until
1865; and was com
missioned first lieu
tenant of marines
May 9, 1864. He has filled numerous pub
lic positions of trust in Mandale, Ohio;
has been justice of the peace and county
auditor; and was elected to the seventy-
second general assembly of the Ohio state
legislature as a republican.
MURPHY, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 6, 1823, in Ireland.
He is a presbyterian clergyman of Phila
delphia; and the author of Pastoral
Theology; Pastor and People; and Duties
of Church Members.
MURPHY, THOMAS F., lawyer, was
born Aug. 19, 1850, in Syracuse, N. Y.
In 1876 he was admitted to the bar, and is
now a prominent lawyer in his native city.
He has filled various public positions of
honor in Syracuse; and has always taken
an active part in political affairs.
MURRAH, PENDLETON, governor,,
was born in Alabama. He was governor
of Texas from 1863 to 1865. He died Sept.
23, 1865, in Monterey, Mexico.
MURRAH, WILLIAM BELTON, clergy
man, college president, was born in May,
1851, in Pickensville, Ala. He attended
the Southern university of Greensboro,
Ala. He is an eminent clergyman, and
has filled pastorates in a number of im
portant churches. For many years he was
vice-president of the Whitworth Female
college; and is now president of Millsops
college, Jackson.
MURRAY, ALEXANDER, naval officer,
was born in 1816 in Philadelphia. He
entered the United States navy in 1835;
became commodore in 1871, and rear-ad-
rciral on the retired list in 1876. He died
Nov. 10, 1884, in Washington, D. C.
MURRAY, AMBROSE S., congressman,
was born in New York. He was elected a
representative from that state to the thir
ty-fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
MURRAY, DAVID, educator, author,
Was born Oct. 15, 1830, in Bovina, N. Y.
He is an educator of New York city, for
eign adviser to the Japanese government
en education; and the author of Manual
of Land Surveying; Outline History of
Japanese Education; and The Story of
Japan.
684
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
MURRAY, DAVID RODMAN, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born March 13.
1847, in Cloverport, Ky. He graduated
, from the law depart
ment of the univer-
, , sity of Michigan. He
i served in the union
army as adjutant of
the seventeenth reg
iment Kentucky vol
unteer cavalry, and
was mustered out
in October, 1865, in
Louisville, Ky. ; and
was subsequently
acting assistant ad
jutant-general of the
second Kentucky brigade. During 1877-81
he served with distinction as a state sena
tor in the Kentucky legislature. He is
one of the leading lawyers of Kentucky,
and resides in his native city.
MURRAY, ELI HOUSTON, governor,
was born Sept. 12, 1844, in Breckinridge
county, Ky. He was for a time United
States marshal for Kentucky. In 1880 he
was appointed governor of the territory
of Utah for the term of four years.
MURRAY, EPHRAIM CLARK, clergy
man, college president, was born Feb. 5,
1861, in Eclisto Island, S. C. He has filled
various pastorates in the churches of
North and South Carolina; and is now
the president of the Presbyterian college
of South Carolina.
MURRAY, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
congressman, was born Sept. 22, 1853, near
Rembert, S. C. He was elected from South
Carolina to the fifty-third, and was re-
nominated for the fifty-fourth congress by
the republicans.
MURRAY, HANNAH LINDLEY, trans
lator, author, was born March 10, 1777,
in New York city. She painted, wrote
verses and hymns, and, aided by her sis
ter, composed a poem in eight books on
the Restoration of the Jews. She died
July 3, 1836, in New York city.
MURRAY, JAMES ORMSBEE, educa
tor, author, was born in 1827. He is an
educator, professor of English literature
in Princeton college, and dean of the col
lege from 1886. He is the author of Life
of Francis Wayland.
MURRAY. JOHN, congressman, was
born in Lancaster, Pa. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1817 to 1821.
MURRAY, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born May 22, 1742, in Ireland. He
held presbyterian pastorates in Philadel
phia. Boothbay, Maine, and Newburyport,
Mass. He published Sermons on Justifi
cation; and Sermons on the Original Sin
Imputed. He died March 13, 1793, in New
buryport, Mass.
MURRAY, JOHN L., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1838 to 1839.
MURRAY, JOHN O'KANE, physician,
author, was born Dec. 22, 1847, in Ireland.
He was a physician and author of New
York city; and the author of Popular
History of the Catholic Church in the
United States; Catholic Pioneers of
America; Lessons in English Literature;
The Prose and Poetry of Ireland; Little
Lives of the Great Saints; and Catholic
Heroes and Heroines of America. He died
July 30, 1885, in Chicago, III.
MURRAY, JOHN YOUNG, physician,
surgeon, legislator, was born May 6, 1829,
in McNairy county, Tenn. He has filled
the principal offices of his town, county
and state; has held, among other posi
tions, that of county treasurer, sheriff,
and served with distinction as a member
of the Mississippi state legislature. Since
1849 he has been actively engaged in the
practice of his profession, and has at
tained prominence as one of the leading
physicians of the south. He has been
president of the Mississippi State Medical
association; president of the Tri-State
Medical association, which includes the
states of Tennessee, Arkansas, and Missis
sippi. He has been grand master and
grand high priest of Masons of Missis
sippi; and is well known throughout the
state as a man of scholarly attainments
and integrity.
MURRAY, LINDLEY, educator, author,
was born April 22, 1745, near Lancaster,
Pa. He was a famous grammarian whose
life after 1784 was passed near York, Eng
land. He was the author of Grammar of
the English Language; Power of Religion
on the Mind; and Compendium of Relig
ious Faith and Practice. He died Feb. 16,
1826, in England.
MURRAY, NICHOLAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Dec. 25, 1802, in Ireland.
He was a presbyterian clergyman of Eliza-
beth, N. J., famous
in his day as a con
troversialist; and the
author of Letters by
Kirwan to Bishop
. Hughes; Romanism
,#*%. »*S^. • at Home; Men and
Things; The Happy
I Home; Preachers
I and Preaching; and
^ 1 Parish and Other
^k Pencillings. He died
J| §EJ| Feb. 4, 1861, in Eli-
zabethtown, N. J.
MURRAY, RICHARD A., soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born Feb. 18, 1833, in
Champlain, N. Y. He served as a soldier
during the civil war, and was colonel of
the ninth regiment Minnesota militia. He
is a prominent lawyer of Madison, S. D.,
where he has' filled the office of county
judge.
MURRAY, ROBERT, surgeon, was born
Aug. 6, 1822, in Howard county, Md. He
was appointed assistant surgeon in the
United States army in 1846; and received
the brevets of lieutenant-colonel and col
onel in 1865 for meritorious service during
the civil war.
MURRAY, ROBERT M., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 28, 1841, in
Concord, Ohio. He was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-eighth
congress as a democrat.
MURRAY, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in Northumberland county. Pa. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1821 to 1823.
MURRAY, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1851 to 1855.
MURRAY, WILLIAM HENRY HARRI
SON, clergyman, author, was born April
26, 1840, in Guilford, Conn. He was a
noted congregational minister, pastor of
Park Street church, Boston, in 1868-74;
and the author of Adventures in the Wil
derness; Adirondack Tales; Deacons;
Music Hall Sermons; The Perfect Horse;
Sermons from Park Street Pulpit; How
Deacon Tubner Kept New Year's; The
Doom of Mamelons; Daylight Land; and
Words Fitly Spoken.
MURRAY, WILLIAM VANS, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, author, was
born in 1762, in Cambridge, Md. He was
soon elected to a seat in the Maryland
legislature; and in 1791 was elected a rep
resentative in congress, and continued in
that position until 1797, when he declined
being a candidate. He was appointed
minister to the Netherlands; and in con
nection with Mr. Ellsworth and Mr. Davie,
negotiated a treaty with France in 1800.
He was the author of a treatise on The
Constitution and Laws of the United
States. He died Dec. 11, 1803, in Cam
bridge, Md.
MUSICK, JOHN ROY, author, poet, was
born Feb. 28, 1849, in St. Louis, Mo. He
is a novelist and historian of Kirksville,
Mo.; and the author of The Banker of
Bedford; History Stories of Wisconsin;
Calamity Row; Brother against Brother;
Mysterious Mr. Howard; and a series of
twelve Columbian historical novels, in
cluding Columbia; Estevan; St. Au
gustine; Pocahontas; The Pilgrims; A
Century Too Soon, a story of Bacon's Re
bellion; The Witch of Salem; Braddock;
Independence; Sustained Honor; Hum
bled Pride; and Union.
MUSSEY, REUBEN DIMOND, physi
cian, author, was born June 23, 1780, in
Pelham, N. H. He was a Boston physi
cian who published Health: its Friends
and its Foes. He died June 21, 1866, in
Boston, Mass.
MUSSEY, WILLIAM HEBERDON, sur
geon, educator, was born Sept. 30, 1818,
in Hanover. He was a medical inspector
in the civil war; professor of operative
and clinical surgery in the Miami Medical
college, Ohio, in 1865-82; and surgeon-
general of Ohio in 1876. He died Aug. 1,
1882, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
MUTCHLER, WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 21, 1831, in
Northampton county, Pa. In 1860 he was
elected prothonotary of his native county,
and re-elected in 1863; and was for two
years an assessor of internal revenue. In
1869 and 1870 he was chairman of the
democratic state committee. In 1874 he
was elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the forty-fourth congress; and
was again a representative in the forty-
seventh and forty-eighth congresses as a
democrat.
MUTCHMORE, SAMUEL ALEXAN
DER, clergyman, journalist, author. Since
1882 he has been pastor of the Memorial
church of Philadelphia. He is the author
of A Visit of Japheth to Shem and Ham;
The Mongal; The Mikado; and The Mis
sionary-
MUTTER, THOMAS DENT, physician,
author, was born March 9, 1811, in Rich
mond, Va. In 1841-56 he was professor of
surgery in Jefferson Medical college. He
wrote an account of the salt sulphur
springs of Virginia, an essay on Club-
Foot, contributed various professional pa
pers to periodicals, and published an edi
tion of Robert Listen's Lecture on the
Operations of Surgery, with additions. He
died March 16, 1859, in Charleston, S. C.
MUZ2EY, ARTEMAS BOWERS, clergy
man, author, was born Sept. 21, 1802, in
Lexington, Mass. He was a Unitarian cler
gyman of Massachusetts who retired from
active ministry in 1865. He was the au
thor of The Blade and the Ear; Prime
Movers of the Revolution; The Young
Men's Friend; Mora! Teacher; Christ in
the Will, the Heart, and Life; The High
er Education; Immortality in the Light of
Scripture and Science; Truths Conse
quent upon Belief in God; and Education
of Old Age. He died in 1892.
MYER, ALBERT JAMES, soldier, au
thor, was born Sept. 20, 1827, in New-
burg, N. Y. He was a brigadier-general
in the United States army, for some years
chief signal officer; and author of Manual
of Signals for Use in the Field. He died
Aug. 24, 1880, in Buffalo, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
685
MYERS, AMOS, lawyer, congressman,
was born April 23, 1824, in Lancaster
county, Pa. In 1847 he was appointed a
district attorney; and in 1862 was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania to the
thirty-eighth congress.
MYERS, EDMUND T. D., railroad pres
ident, was born July 13, 1830, in Rich
mond, Va. Since 1889 he has been presi
dent of the Richmond, Predericksburg
and Potomac railroad.
MYERS, JOHN GILLESPY, merchant,
banker. In 1860 he commenced business
for himself at the corner of Bleecker and
Christopher streets,
^ New York, where he
remained until 1865.
Removing then to
Albany, which is yet
his home, he con-
.. _^B tinues to manage an
extensive modern
dry goods business.
In addition to this,
he devotes consider
able of his time to
building and improv
ing city property,
of which he is a large owner. He is vice-
president of the Merchant's National bank,
vice-president of the Commerce Insurance
Co., vice-president of the National Sav
ings bank, director of the Albany railway,
a governor of the Albany hospital, a trus
tee of the Orphan asylum, the Female
academy, and the Fort Orange club.
MYERS, LEONARD, lawyer, congress
man, translator, was born Nov. 13, 1827,
in Attleborough, Pa. He was solicitor for
two municipal districts in Philadelphia;
and codified the ordinances for the con
solidation of the city. In 1862 he was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the thirty-eighth congress; and
was re-elected to the thirty-ninth, for
tieth, forty-first, forty-second, and forty-
third congresses as a republican.
MYERS, PETER HAMILTON, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 4, 1812, in Herki-
mer, N. Y. He was a lawyer and ro-
^^^^^^^^^^^^ mancer of Brooklyn;
and the author of
The First of the
Knickerbockers, a
tale; The Young Pa-
troon; The King of
the Hurons; and The
Prisoner of the Bor
der. He died Aug. 30,
1878, in Brooklyn, N.
Y. Besides his pub
lished works he was
a constant contribu
tor to the leading
newspapers and magazines of the United
States.
MYERS, PHILIP VAN NESS, educator,
author, was born in 1846 in New York.
He is an educator of Cincinnati, professor
of history and political economy in the
university of Cincinnati in 1890, and dean
of the university in 1895. He is the au
thor of Life and Nature under the Trop
ics; Remains of Lost Empires; Outlines
of Ancient History; Outlines of Mediaeval
and Modern History; A- History of Greece;
The Eastern Nations and Greece; A His
tory of Rome; and General History.
MYERS, MRS. SARAH ANN [IRWIN],
was born in 1800, in Wilmington, Del.
She was a writer and artist of Carlisle,
Pa. Among her many contributions to
juvenile literature are, Margaret Gordon;
Impatient Ellen; and The Silk-Weaver
of Lyons. She died Dec. 11, 1876, in Car
lisle, Pa.
MYERS, WILLIAM FENTON lawyer,
was born June 7, 1868, in Florida, N. Y.
After receiving the rudiments of his edu
cation in the public schools, he attended
Amsterdam academy, and subsequently
graduated from the law department of
the Northwestern unhersity with the de
gree of LL. B. He was admitted to the
bar, and is now a successful lawyer of
Amsterdam, N. Y., where he is prominent
in the public affairs of his city, county
and state.
MYRICK, MILTON HILLS, lawyer, ju
rist, was born May 28, 1826, in Marshall,
N. Y. During 1872-80 he was probate
judge of the city and county of San Fran
cisco: and during 1880-87 was associate
justice of the supreme court of California.
NABERS, BENJAMIN D., congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was elected
a representative in congress from Missis
sippi from 1851 to 1853. Returning to
Tennessee he was a presidential elector
in 1861 from that state.
NACK, JAMES, author, poet, was born
Jan. 4, 1809, in New York city. He was
a deaf and dumb poet of New York city;
and the author of The Legend of the Ark;
Earl Rupert; The Immortal, a dramatic
romance; and The Romance of the King,
and Other Poems. He died Sept. 23, 1879,
in New York city.
NADAL, BERNHARD HARRISON,
clergyman, author, was born March 27,
1812, in Talbot county, Md. He was a
methodist clergyman and educator of Vir
ginia who published New Life Dawning.
He died June 20, 1870, in Madison, N. J.
NADAL, EHRMAN SYME, journalist,
author, was born Feb. 13, 1843. in Lewis-
burg, W. Va. He is a journalist who has
lived much in London as secretary of le
gation in 1870, 1871, and 1877-84. He
is the author of Essays at Home and Else
where; Impressions of London Social
Life; and Zweiback, or Notes of a Pro
fessional Exile.
NAFTZGER, GEORGE EDWARD, jour
nalist, lecturer, poet, was born April 30,
1859, in Lima, Ohio. After receiving a
liberal education, he
learned the printer's
trade, and in 1879
became associate ed
itor of The Herald of
Edgerton, Ohio. He
has since been iden
tified with different
Ohio newspapers, in
cluding the Sunday
Morning Gossip,
Spencerville Journal.
St. Mary Argus, and
the Democrat of La-
con, 111. During 1888-89 he lectured ex
tensively in Ohio, Indiana and Michigan.
He has contributed to many of the lead
ing publications of America; and his
poems have been given a place in Poets
of America, and other standard works.
NAISBITT, HENRY W., journalist,
poet, was born Nov. 7, 1829, in England.
Since 1854 he has lived in Utah, except
ing occasional visits
to the east and two
years in Europe. He
is the editor and
owner of a monthly
magazine entitled
Zion's Home Month
ly, published in Salt
Lake City, Utah; and
has contributed val
uable papers to the
leading newspapers
and magazines of
America. As a poet
he has written many of great merit, some
of which have appeared in Poets of Amer
ica, and other national collections.
NANCE, ALBINUS, soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, governor, was born March
30, 1848, in La Fayette, HI. He served in
the union army throughout the civil war.
In 1871 he moved to Nebraska; was
a representathe in the state legislature
in 1875-78; and was speaker of the house
the two latter years. He was elected gov
ernor of Nebraska in 1878, and re-elected
in 1880.
NAPHEGI, GABOR, author, poet, was
born in 1824 in Hungary. He was a na
tive of Buda-Pesth who became a natural
ized American citizen in 1868. He was the
author of Ghardia, or Ninety Days in the
Desert; The Album of Language; Hun
gary; Among the Arabs; and The Grand
Review of the Dead, a volume of poetry
He died in 1884.
NAPHEYS, GEORGE HENRY, physi
cian, author, was born in 1842 in Penn
sylvania. He was a prominent physician
and medical writer of Philadelphia; and
the author of The Body and its Ailments;
Modern Medical Therapeutics; Modern
Surgical Therapeutics; The Transmission
of Life; Physical Life of Woman; Pre
vention and Cure of Disease; and Person
al Beauty. He died in 1876.
NASH, ABNER, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, governor, was born Aug. 8,
1716, in Prince "Edward county, Va. He
was the first elected speaker of the North
Carolina senate, serving se-seral terms. He
was the second governor of the state
under the constitution in 1781. From 1782
to 1785 he was in the assembly; and was
a delegate to the continental congress
from 1782 to 1786. He died Dec. 2, 1786,
in New York.
NASH, CHARLES E., soldier, congress
man, was born May 23, 1844, in Opelousas,
La. In 1874 he was elected a representa
tive from Louisiana to the forty-fourth
and forty-fifth congresses as a republi
can.
NASH, FRANCIS, soldier, was born May
10, 1720, in Prince Edward county, Va.
He was commissioned brigadier-general
by the continental congress in 1777, and
commanded a brigade at the battle of
Germantown, where he was mortally
wounded. He died Oct. 7, 1777, in Ger
mantown, Pa.
NASH, FREDERICK, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Feb. 9, 1781, in
New Berne, N. C. He represented New
Berne in the legislature in 1813-17. He
was a judge of the superior court from
1818 till his resignation in 1824; and was
re-elected to that office in 1836. He died
Dec. 5, 1858, in Hillsborough, N. C.
NASH. HENRY SYLVESTER, clergy
man, educator, author, was born in 1854
in Ohio. He is an episcopal clergyman of
Cambridge, Mass., and professor of New
Testament interpretation in the Episcopal
Theological school since 1884. He is the
author of The Genesis of the Social Con
science; and The Relation Between the
Establishment of Christianity in Europe
and the Social Question.
NASH, SIMEON, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born Sept. 21, 1804, in South Hadley,
Mass. He was a jurist of Gallipolis,
Ohio; and the author of Digest of Ohio
Reports; Pleading and Practice under the
Civil Code; Morality and the State; and
Crime and the Family. He died Jan 19,
1879, in Gallipolis, Ohio.
NASH, WILEY NORRIS, soldier, law
yer, legislator, was born in 1846, in Noxu-
bee, Miss. He served gallantly in the
confederate service, and gained the rank
of sergeant. He served with distinction
in the Mississippi state legislature; and is
now attorney-general of the state of
Mississippi.
686
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
NASON, ELIAS, clergyman, author,
was born April 21, 1811, in Wrentham,
Mass. He was a congregational minister
of North Billerica, Mass., among whose
numerous religious biographical and his
torical writings are, Gazetteer of Massa
chusetts; Life of John A. Andrew; Lives
of Moody and Sankey; Life of Charles
Sumner; Life of Henry Wilson; History
of Middlesex County; Originality; Thou
Shalt Not Steal; and Fountains of Sal
vation. He died June 17, 1887, in North
Billerica, Mass.
NASON, MRS. EMMA [HUNTINGTON],
poet, was born in 1845 in Maine. She is
a poet of Augusta, Maine; and the au
thor of White Sails (verse) ; The Tower,
with Legends and Lyrics.
NASON, HENRY BRADFORD, educa
tor, author, was born June 22, 1831, in
f'oxborough, Mass. He was a professor
of chemistry in the Troy Polytechnic in
stitute; and the author of Table of Re
actions for Qualitative Analysis; and Ta
ble for Qualitative Analysis in Colors. He
died in 1895.
NAST, THOMAS, caricaturist, was born
Sept. 27, 1840, in Bavaria. When fifteen
years old he began to furnish illustrations
to the papers, and during the war began
his long series of effective political cari
catures in Harper's Weekly.
NAST, WILLIAM, clergyman, journal
ist, author, was born June 15, 1807, in
Germany. He is a methodist minister of
Cincinnati, editor of The Christian Apolo
gist for many years; and the author of
•Christological Meditations; Gospel Re
cords; A German Commentary on the
New Testament; and Das Christen thum
und seine Gegensatze.
NAUDAIN, ARNOLD, United States
senator, was born Jan. 6, 1790, in Dover,
Del. He was a senator in congress from
Delaware from 1829 to 1836. He died Jan.
4, 1872, in Odessa, Del.
NAVARRO, MADAME MARY ANTOI
NETTE [ANDERSON] DE, actress, au
thor, was born in 1859 in California. She
was a popular actress who retired from
the stage in 1890, was married to M. de
Navarro soon after, and has since lived
in England. She is the author of A Few
Memories, an autobiography.
NAYLOR, CHARLES, soldier, congress
man, was born Oct. 6, 1806, in Philadel
phia county, Pa. He represented his na
tive district in congress from 1837 to 1841.
He died Dec. 24, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
NEAD, BENJAMIN MATTHIAS, law
yer, journalist, author, was born July 14,
1847, in Antrim, Pa. He is a lawyer and
journalist of Harrisburg; and the author
of Sketches of Early Chambersburg; Guide
to County Officers; Early Government of
Pennsylvania; and Brief Review of the
Financial History of Pennsylvania.
NEAGLE, JOHN, portrait-painter, was
born Nov. 4, 1796, in Boston, Mass. His
first decided success was a portrait of the
Rev. Dr. Joseph Pilmore, which is in St.
George's hall, Philadelphia. In 1825 he
painted his celebrated full-length portrait
of Patrick Lyon, the blacksmith, at his
forge, which is now in the Pennsylvania
Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia.
He died Sept. 17, 1865, in Philadelphia, Pa.
NEAL, DAVID DOLLOFF, artist, was
born Oct. 20, 1837, in Lowell, Mass. His
first figure composition, James Watt, was
exhibited at the Royal academy in Lon
don; and in 1875 he painted his best-
known work. The First Meeting of Mary
Stuart and Rizzio. When it was first
exhibited in 1876, it received the great
medal from the Royal Bavarian academy.
NEAL, ELIAS CRAIG, physician, sur
geon, was born Jan. 28, 1833, in Barn-
stead, N. H. After receiving a thorough
education, he entered into the active prac
tice of his profession, and became one of
the leading physicians in New England.
NEAL, GEORGE PHILIP, physician,
surgeon, was born Nov. 10, 1852, in Ohio.
He graduated in 1874 from the Iowa State
university, and soon attained success in
his profession at Fort Madison, Iowa. He
was appointed postmaster by the presi
dent; has been health officer; and presi
dent of the board of the United States
examining surgeons.
NEAL. HENRY AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
legislator, was born Dec. 13, 1846, in Tuf-
tonboro, N. H. He is an eminent attor
ney of Charleston, 111.; has been mayor
of his city; and served as a member of
the thirtieth and thirty-first general as
semblies of the state of Illinois.
NEAL, HENRY S., lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Aug. 25, 1828,
in Gallipolis, Ohio. He was elected a state
senator in 1861, and re-elected in 1863. He
was appointed consul of the United
States at Lisbon, Portugal, in 1869; and
was charge d' affaires during a part of
1869 and 1870. He was elected a represen
tative from Ohio to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth, and forty-seventh congresses.
NEAL, JOHN, author, poet, was born
Aug. 25, 1793, in Portland, Maine. He
was a once famous writer of Portland.
Maine. He was the author of Keep Cool,
a novel; The Battle of Niagara, a poem;
Goldau, and Other Poems; Rachel Dyer,
a novel; Downeasters, a novel; True Wo
manhood; Bentham's Morals and Legis
lation; Great Mysteries and Little
Plagues; and Wandering Recollections of
a Somewhat Busy Life. He died June 21,
1876, in Portland, Maine.
NEAL, JOHN RANDOLPH, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, state senator, con
gressman, was born Nov. 26, 1838, in An
derson county, Tenn. He enlisted in the
confederate army; and in 1863 was pro
moted to a colonelcy. In 1874 he was
elected a representative in the Tennessee
legislature; in 1878 was elected a state
senator, and upon the assembling of the
legislature in 1879 was elected speaker of
the senate, and ex-officio lieutenant-gov
ernor of the state; and in 1880 he was a.
presidential elector. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from Tennessee
to the forty-ninth congress; and re-elect
ed to the fiftieth congress as a democrat.
NEAL, JOSEPH CLAY, humorist, au
thor, was born Feb. 3, 1807, in Greenland,
N. H. He was a journalist of Philadel
phia who founded
The Saturday Ga
zette, and was a pop
ular humorist in his
day. He was the au
thor of Charcoal
Sketches; and Peter
Ploddy, and Other
Oddities. His humor
lies in the delinea
tion of small spend
thrifts, pretenders to
fashion, bores, and
the frayed-out gen
tleman. He died July 18, 1847, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
NEAL, LAWRENCE TALBOTT, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Sept. 22, 1844, in Parkersburg, W. Va.
He was solicitor of Chillicothe, Ohio, in
1867; and was elected to the legislature in
1867. He was attorney of Ross county in
1870, and held that office until 1872, when
he resigned. He was elected to the forty-
third and forty-fourth congresses as a
democrat.
NEALE, JAMES BROWN, lawyer, ju
rist. In 1879 he was appointed judge of
the thirty-third judicial district of Penn
sylvania, holding that office for ten years.
NEALE, LEONARD, archbishop, was
born Oct. 15, 1746, in Port Tobacco, Md.
In Philadelphia he was appointed vicar-
general for the northern states. In 1799
he was made president of Georgetown
college, which had been founded a few
years before by the Jesuits of Maryland.
He died June 15, 1817, in Georgetown,
D. C.
NEALE, RAPHAEL, congressman, was
born in St. Mary's county, Md. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1819 to 1825.
NEALE, ROLLIN HEBER, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 23, 1808, in South-
ington, Conn. He is the author of a work
entitled Burning Bush, several sermons,
and a Harvard college Dudleian lecture.
He died Sept. 19, 1879, in Boston, Mass.
NEAR, IRVIN W., lawyer, was born
Jan. 26, 1835, in Alexandria, N. Y. He at
tended the Orleans academy, the Falley
seminary, and the college of Montreal.
He was admitted to the bar in 1858; has
been district attorney of Steuben county,
N. Y. ; and has attained prominence as
one of the leading lawyers of his state
at Hornellsville. He has served with dis
tinction as mayor of his city; has been
commissioner of land titles; secretary of
the New York and Pennsylvania Railroad
company; and also secretary of the Roch
ester, Hornellsville and Lackawanna Rail
road company.
NEBEKER, AQUILA, ranchman, law
yer, legislator, was born June 9,. 1859, in
Salt Lake City, Utah. He served several
sessions in the Utah legislature, and was
presiding officer of the state senate in the
session of 1896.
NEBEKER, GEORGE, jurist, railroad
president, was born Aug. 20, 1813, in Pick-
away county, Ohio. For a period of fif
teen consecutive years, from 1845 to 1860,
he acted as justice of the peace in Terre
Haute, Ind. He was elected president of
the Attica and Terre Haute Railroad com
pany, the road being afterward consoli
dated and merged into the Chicago and
Danville railroad.
NEBINGER, ANDREW, physician, au
thor, was born Dec. 12, 1819, in Philadel
phia, Pa. During the civil war he was
surgeon-in-charge of the Cooper-shop vol
unteer hospital and dispensary. He was
the author of various medical papers and
addresses to societies. He died April 12,
1886, in Philadelphia, Pa.
NECKERE, LEO RAYMOND DE, bish
op, was born June 6, 1800. He was the
third Roman catholic bishop of New Or
leans, La. He died Sept. 4, 1833, in New
Orleans, La.
NEECE, WILLIAM H., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 26,
1831, in Logan county, 111. He was ad
mitted to the bar and commenced prac
tice in 1858 in Macomb, 111. In 1864 he
was elected a representative in the state
legislature; and in 1871 was again elected
to the legislature.' In 1878 he was elected
state senator, and served four years; and
was elected a representative from Illinois
to the forty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-ninth congress as a
democrat.
NEEDHAM, CHARLES AUSTIN, artist,
was born Oct. 30, 1844, in Buffalo, N. Y.
He has attained a national reputation as
a noted artist; among his best-known
works are Mott Haven Canal, New York;
Near Factory Hollow; and Dream .of Au
tumn.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
687
NEEDHAM, ELIAS PARKMAN, inven
tor, was born Sept. 12, 1812, in Delhi, N. Y.
In 1878 he conceived the idea of using
strips of perforated paper for the auto
matic production of music, which resulted
in the mechanical orguinette or automatic
organ. He died Nov. 28, 1889, in New
York city.
NEELY, HENRY ADAMS, D. D., clergy
man, bishop, was born May 14, 1830, in
Fayetteville, N. Y. He was ordained a
priest in 1854, and consecrated bishop of
Maine in 1867. His writings consist of
sermons, addresses, and hymns.
NEELY, SIDNEY SMITH, legislator,
was born Feb. 22, 1832, in Lincoln county,
Ky. He received his education at the
Central college of Danville, Ky.; has been
a justice of the peace, notary public, post
master, and served with distinction as a
member of the Missouri state legislature.
He is prominent in the business affairs
of Sibley, Mo., and takes an active part in
the public affairs of his city, county and
state.
NEELEY, THOMAS B., clergyman, au
thor, was born in 18 — . He is a methodist
•clergyman, and the author of Young
Workers in the Church; The Church
Lyceum; Parliamentary Practice; Evolu
tion of Episcopacy and Organic Method
ism; The Parliamentarian; and The Gov
erning Conference in Methodism.
NEFF, HENRY H., soldier, journalist,
state legislator, was born June 5, 1815, in
Preble county, Ohio. In the year 1843 he
began the publication of the Winchester
Patriot, which he continued for nine
years. He was elected to the Indiana state
legislature in 1847 on the whig ticket, and
in 1852 was elected clerk of the court,
serving in that capacity eight years.
NEGLEY, JAMES SCOTT, soldier, con
gressman, was born Dec. 26, 1826, in East
Liberty, Pa. He entered the volunteer
service in 1861;
raised a brigade in
three days, and was
made a brigadier-
general. He defend
ed Nashville in 1862;
was promoted to a
major-general for
gallant services at
Stone River; and
served with credit in
the campaign of Tal-
lahoma, Alabama,
and Georgia. He was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the forty-first, forty-second, for
ty-third and forty-ninth congresses as a
republican.
NEHLIG, VICTOR, artist, was born in
1830 in France. His principal works,
many of which are illustrative of Ameri
can history, are The Cavalry Charge of
St. Harry B. Hidden, in the New York
Historical society; The Artist's Dream;
The Captive Huguenot; Gertrude of Wy
oming; Hiawatha and Minnehaha; Ar
morer in the Olden Time; Battle at An-
tietam; Battle of Gettysburg; Waiting for
My Enemy; Serenade; The Bravo; Ma
hogany Cutting; and The Princess Poca-
hontas.
NEIL, JOHN B., governor. He was ap
pointed governor of Idaho for the term of
four years from July, 1880.
NEILL, EDWARD DUFFIELD, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 9, 1823, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a reformed
episcopal clergyman of St. Paul, but for
merly a presbyterian clergyman. He was
the author of History of Minnesota; Ter
ra Marise, or Threads of Maryland His
tory; The Fairfaxes of England and
America; History of the Virginia Com
pany; English Colonization of America
in the Seventeenth Century; Founders of
Virginia; Virginia Vetusta; Virginia Car-
olorum; and Concise History of Minne
sota. He died Sept. 26, 1893, in St. Paul,
Minn.
NEILL, JOHN, physician, author, was
born July 9, 1819, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was a Philadelphia physician, and the
author of Neill on the Veins; and Com-
pend of Medicine. He died Feb. 11, 1880,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
NEILL, ROBERT, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 12, 1838, in In
dependence county, Ark. He was lieuten
ant-colonel of Arkansas state guards from
1874 to 1877, and brigadier-general of
state militia from 1877 to 1882. He has
served two terms as a member of the
democratic state central committee of
Arkansas since 1886; and was nominated
and elected to the fifty-third congress
and re-elected to the fifty-fourth congress
as a democrat.
NEILL, THOMAS HEWSON, soldier,
was born April 9, 1826, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was acting inspector-general in
Sheridan's Shenandoah campaign, and at
the close of the war received the brevets
of brigadier-general, United States army,
and major-general of volunteers. He was
commandant of cadets at the United
States military academy from 1875 till
1879, and in 1883 he was retired.
NEILL, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born in 1778 near McKeesport, Pa.
He was a presbyterian minister of Phila
delphia, president of Dickinson college in
1824-29; and the author of Lectures on
Bible History; Divine Origin of the Chris
tian Religion; and Ministry of Fifty Years.
He died Aug. 8, I860, in Philadelphia, Pa.
NEILSON, JOHN, congressman, was
born March 11, 1745, in New Brunswick,
N. J. He was a delegate from New Jer
sey to the continental congress in 1778
and 1779. He died March 3, 1833, in New
Brunswick, N. J.
NEILSON, JOSEPH, author, was born
in 1813 in New York. He was the author
of Memoirs of Rufus Choate, with some
Consideration of His Studies, Opinions,
and Style. He died in 1888.
NELIGAN, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in Ireland. He was the
author of Saintly Characters; The Ro
sary; Manual for Confraternities; and
other religious works. He died Jan. 30,
1880, in New York city.
NELSON, CHARLES A., civil engineer,
librarian, poet, was born April 14, 1839,
in Calais, Maine. For many years he was
librarian at the Gorham academy; then
at the New York Astor library; and now
at the New Orleans Memorial library. He
is the author of a number of meritorious
l>oems.
NELSON, CLEVELAND KINLOCK,
clergyman, bishop, was born May 23, 1852,
in Greenwood, Va. He has filled many
important pastorates in the presbyterian
church, and in 1892 was consecrated bish
op of Georgia.
NELSON, DANIEL THURBER, physi
cian, educator, was born Sept. 16, 1839, in
Milford, Mass. In 1866 he was elected
professor of physiology and histology at
Chicago Medical college, which chair he
then held until 1880, and in 1881 he was
made adjunct professor of gynecology at
Rush Medical college. He has invented
an improved trivalve speculum and other
surgical instruments.
NELSON, DAVID, clergyman, author
was born Sept. 24, 1793, near Jonesbor-
ough, Tenn. He was a presbyterian min
ister and educator of Missouri and Illi
nois. His principal work, Cause and
Cure of Infidelity, has been widely read
He died Oct. 17, 1844, in Oakland, 111.
NELSON, HARRY LEVERETT, lawyer
author, was born in 1858 in Massachu
setts. He was a lawyer of Worcester,
Mass., and the author of Bird Songs
About Worcester, a collection of nature
studies. He died in 1889.
NELSON, HENRY ADDISON, clergy
man, educator, journalist, author, was
born Oct. 31, 1820, in Amherst, Mass.
He is a presbyterian clergyman, professor
at Lane seminary in 1868-74, and from
1886 editor of The Church at Home and
Abroad. He is the author of Seeing
Jesus; Sin and Salvation; and Home
Whispers.
NELSON, HENRY LOOMIS, journalist,
author, was born in 1846 in New York.
He is a journalist of New York city, and
editor-in-chief of Harper's Weekly. He
is the author of The Money We Need-
Our Unjust Tariff Law; and John Ran-
toul, a novel.
NELSON, HOMER A., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 31, 1829, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He was elected
judge of Dutchess county, N. Y., for four
years, and in 1859 was re-elected for a sec
ond term. In 1862 he was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the thirty-
eighth congress. In 1867 he was elected
secretary of state; and re-elected in 1868
and 1869.
NELSON, HUGH, lawyer, jurist, diplo
mat, congressman, was born Sept. 30, 1768,
in Virginia. He was speaker of the house
of delegates of Virginia; a judge of the
general court; and a presidential elector
in 1809. He was a member of congress
from 1811 to 1823; and was immediately
afterward appointed American minister
to Spain. He died March 18, 1836, In
Albemarle county.
NELSON, JEREMIAH, merchant, con
gressman, was born Sept. 14, 1769, in
Rowley, Mass. He served as a representa
tive in congress from Massachusetts from
1805 to 1807, and again from 1815 to 1823.
He died Oct. 2, 1838, in Newburyport,
Mass.
NELSON, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born June 1, 1791, in Fredericktown,
Md. He was a representative in congress
from Maryland from 1821 to 1823. In 1831
he was appointed charge d'affaires to the
Two Sicilies; and in 1844 was appointed
attorney-general of the United States.
He died Jan. 8, 1860, in Baltimore, Md.
NELSON, JOSIAH C., farmer, legislator,
was born May 25, 1827, in Jackson county,
Mo. He was elected in 1858 as a member
of the Missouri state legislature, the first
legislature of that state; and he received
the re-election for two successive terms.
NELSON, JULIA BULLARD, educator,
lecturer, philanthropist, was born May 13,
1842, in High Ridge, Ky. She has taught
school in Minnesota,
Connecticut, Texas,
and Tennessee; and
has attained success
as a lecturer and
missionary. For
many years she was
an organizer and lec
turer of the Minne
sota National Amer
ican Woman Suffrage
association; and be
came famous in the
lecture field as the
champion of woman's right to the ballot.
She has been president of the Minnesota
Woman's Suffrage association; and vice-
president of the Woman's Christian Tem
perance union of Minnesota. She is the
widow of a soldier and spent many years
as a missionary among the freed men of
the south, and has contributed both prose
and verse to the periodical press.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPH V.
NELSON, KNUTE, soldier, lawyer, gov
ernor, congressman, United States sen
ator, was born Feb. 2, 1843, in Norway.
He was a representative in the Wiscon
sin legislature in 1868 and 1869. He re
moved to Minnesota in 1871; was a state
senator in 1875-78; was prosecuting at
torney of Douglas county for three years;
became a regent of the Minnesota state
university; and was a presidential elec
tor in 1880. He was elected a representa
tive from Minnesota to the forty-eighth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth and fiftieth congresses. He was
elected governor of Minnesota in 1892;
and re-elected in 1894. In 1895 he was
elected United States senator for term
ending in 1901.
NELSON, RENSSELAER RUSSELL,
lawyer, jurist, was born May 12, 1826, in
Cooperstown, N. Y. In 1857 he was ap
pointed an associate justice of the su
preme court of Minnesota territory; and
in 1858 district judge of the United States
for the state of Minnesota.
NELSON, ROGER, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, congressman, was
born in 1755 in Fredericktown, Md. He
was a general in the revolutionary war.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1804 to 1810; was several
years in the Virginia legislature; and
from 1810 to 1815 was judge of the upper
district of that state. He died June 7,
1815, in Fredericktown, Md.
NELSON, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, was
born Nov. 10, 1792, in Hebron, N. Y. In
1823 he was made judge of the circuit
court of New York, which position he held
for eight years. In 1831 he was appoint
ed a judge of the supreme court of that
state; and in 1837 was made chief justice,
and held the position until 1845, when he
was appointed a justice of the supreme
court of the United States. He died Dec.
13, 1873, in Cooperstown, N. Y.
NELSON, THOMAS, merchant, was
born Feb. 20, 1677, in Scotland. He settled
in Virginia, and founded the town of York,
where he built the first custom house in
the colonies, one of the earliest brick
buildings in the state. He died Oct. 7,
1745, in Yorktown, Va.
NELSON, THOMAS, signer of the dec
laration of independence, was born Dec.
26, 1738, in Yorktown, Va. He was elect
ed to the Virginia house of burgesses; and
was re-elected to that position. After at
tending various local conventions he was
elected a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1775 to 1777, and again from
1779 to 1780. He was a signer of the dec
laration of independence; took part in the
military affairs of the time as a brigadier-
general; and served in the state legisla
ture. In 1781 he was elected governor of
Virginia. He died Jan. 4, 1789, in Han
over county, Va.
NELSON, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, was
born Jan. 23, 1819, in Peekskill, N. Y.
In 1851 he was appointed chief justice of
the United States court for the territory
of Oregon.
NELSON, THOMAS AMOS ROGERS,
lawyer, congressman, was born March 19,
1812, in Roane county, Tenn. He served
as a representative from Tennessee to the
thirty-sixth congress; and was re-elected
to the thirty-seventh congress, but was
prevented from taking his seat By the
forcible action of the confederate govern
ment. He died Aug. 24, 1873, in Knox-
ville, Tenn.
NELSON, THOMAS LEVERETT, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, was born
March 4, 1827, in Haverhill, N. H. He was
a representative in the Massachusetts leg
islature in 1869. In 1878 he was appointed
United States district judge for the dis
trict of Massachusetts.
NELSON, THOMAS M., soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1782 in Virginia.
He served with distinction in the war of
1812 as a captain of infantry; and after
the war was promoted to the rank of
major, but resigned his commission. He
was a representative in congress from his
native state from 1816 to 1819. He died
Nov. 10, 1853.
NELSON, WILLIAM, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born June 29, 17s4,
in Clinton, N. Y. He was a district attor
ney for the counties of Westchester, Put
nam and Rockland, for a period of thirty
years. He was a member of the assembly
of New York in 1819 and 1820; and a state
senator in J823. He was a representative
in congress from New York from 1847
to 1851. He died Oct. 2, 1869, in Peekskill,
N. Y.
NELSON, WILLIAM, soldier, was born
Sept. 27, 1824, in Maysville, Ky. In 1840
he graduated from the Naval academy of
Annapolis, Md., and
as a midshipman, his
first duty was in the
sloop-of-war York-
town. He then
served on various
vessels, and in 1855
was promoted to a
lieutenancy, and in
1857 joined in the
expedition of Com
modore Perry to
China and Japan. He
has been given the
credit of keeping Kentucky in the union;
saved her seventy-five thousand volun
teers to the national flag; spared the
Ohio border the terrible shock of con
tending armies, and transferred the the
ater of war hundreds of miles southward
to the banks of the Cumberland and the
Tennessee. He was commissioned briga
dier-general of volunteers, and at the
time of his death held the rank of lieu
tenant-commander. He was shot on Sept.
29, 1862, by Gen. Davis.
NELSON, WILLIAM ROCKILL, jour
nalist, was born March 7, 1841, in Fort
Wayne, Ind. He is the editor-in-chief of
the Kansas City Star.
NERAZ, JEAN CLAUDE, Roman cath
olic bishop, was born in 1829 in France.
He was nominated second bishop of San
Antonio, and consecrated in 1881.
NERBY, R. L., soldier, lawyer, jurist,
was born July 27, 1836, in Hill Pleasant,
Va. During the war he was a major in
the confederate service, and was three
times wounded. He has been county
judge, circuit judge, and president of
the state board of agriculture of Virginia.
He has practiced successfully in Williams-
burg, Va. ; and is now president of the
bank of his city. He is the author of
several works, and has contributed exten
sively to current literature.
NES, HENRY, congressman, was born
in 1799 in York, Pa. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1843 to 1845, and again from 1846
to 1850. He died Sept. 10, 1850.
NESBIT, WILLIAM LYON, agricultur
ist, lecturer, legislator, was born March
7, 1842, near Lewisburg, Pa. He is a suc
cessful farmer and lecturer on the sci
ences related to agriculture; has been
state statistical agent for Pennsylvania
for the United States department of agri
culture, and in 1896 was elected a mem
ber of the Pennsylvania house of repre
sentatives.
NESBITT, WILSON, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1817 to 1819.
NESMITH, JAMES ERNEST, artist,
author, poet, was born in 1856 in Massa
chusetts. He is an artist and poet of
Lowell, Mass.; and the author of Monad-
noc, and Other Sketches in Verse; Phi-
loctetes, and Other Poems; and Life and
Addresses of Governor Greenhalge.
NESMITH, JAMES WJLLSON, soldier,
congressman, United States senator, was
born July 23, 1820, in Washington county,
Maine. In 1857 he was appointed super
intendent of Indian affairs for Oregon
and Washington territories. He was elect
ed a senator in congress from Oregon for
the term beginning in 1861 and ending in
1867. While devoting himself to farming
in Oregon he was elected to the forty-
third congress to fill a vacancy. He died
June 17, 1885, in Polk county, Ore.
NESMITH, JOHN, manufacturer, in
ventor, was born Aug. 3, 1793, in London
derry, N. H. He secured the water sup
ply of Winnipiseogee and Squam lakes
for Lowell mills; secured site for city
of Lawrence, Mass., and control of water-
power; and invented machines for mak
ing wire fences and shawl fringe. He
was lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts
in 1862. He died Oct. 15, 1869, in Lowell,
NETTLETON, ALURED BAYARD, sol
dier, was born Nov. 14, 1838, in Berlin,
Ohio. He served through the civil war,
attaining the rank of brigadier-general.
NETTLETON, ASHAEL, clergyman,
author, was born April 21, 1783, in North
Killingworth, Conn. From 1812 till 1822
he served as a revivalist in Connecticut,
Massachusetts and New York. He com
piled a book entitled Village Hymns. His
Remains and Sermons were edited by Rev.
Bennet Tyler. He died May 16, 1844, in
Windsor, Conn.
NEVADA, EMMA WIXOM, singer, was
born in 1861 in Nevada, Cal. She has
an extensive repertoire, including prin
cipally Italian operas, but she has also ap
peared in oratorio in England. She sang
in La Sonnambula at her first appearance
in New York in 1884.
NEVILLE, JOSEPH, soldier, congress
man. He was a revolutionary officer,
brigadier of state militia, and commission
er to run the boundary line between Vir
ginia and Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1793 to 1795. He died March 4, 1819, in
Hardy county, Va.
NEVILLE, MORGAN, author, was born
in 1756 in Pittsburg, Pa. He acquired a
wide reputation by his tale of Mike Fink,
the Last of the Boatmen, published in
the Western Souvenir for 1829. He died
in 1839 in Cincinnati, Ohio.
NEVIN, ALFRED, clergyman, jour
nalist, author, was born March 14, 1816,
in Shippensburg, Pa. He was a promi
nent presbyterian clergyman and religious
editor of Philadelphia; and the author of
Words of Comfort for Doubting Hearts;
The Voice of God; The Man of Faith;
Letters to Colonel Ingersoll; Christian's
Rest; Guide to the Oracles; and Triumph
of Truth. He died in 1890.
NEVIN, BLANCHE, sculptor, was born
Sept. 25, 1841, in Mercersburg, Pa. In
addition to numerous portrait-busts, she
has executed statues of Maud Muller;
Eve; Cinderella; and Gen. Peter Muhlen-
berg, which is in the capitol at Washing
ton.
NEVIN, DAVID ROBERT BRUCE, law
yer, journalist, was born Nov. 28, 1828, In
Shippensburg, Pa. For many years he
was connected with the Philadelphia
press; was assistant editor of the Pres
byterian Encyclopaedia; and publisher
and editor of Continental Sketches of Dis
tinguished Pennsylvanians.
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
689
KEVIN, EDWIN HENRY, clergyman,
author, poet, was born May 9, 1814, in
Shippensburg, Pa. He is a German re
formed clergyman of Philadelphia; and
the author of The City of God; Humanity
and Its Responsibilities; Thoughts About
Christ; and The Minister's Handbook.
NEVIN, GEORGE BALCH, composer,
author, was born March 15, 1859, in Ship- •
pensburg, Pa. He is the author of The
Hills of God; At the Cross; and the
Minster Song.
NEVIN, JOHN WILLIAMSON, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 20, 1803, near
Strasburg, Pa. He was an eminent Ger
man reformed clergyman of Lancaster,
Pa., and president of Franklin and Mar
shall college in 1866-76. Prior to his pres
idency he had been active as a theologian
at Mercersburg, and his works form the
basis of what is styled the Mercersburg
Theology. He was the author of History
and Genesis of the Heidelberg Catechism;
The Mystical Presence; Anti-Christ; The
Anxious Bench; and Biblical Antiquities.
He died June 6, 1886, in Lancaster, Pa.
NEVIN, ROBERT JENKINS, soldier,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 24, 1839,
in Allegheny, Pa. In 1861-65 he served
in the civil war, rising to the rank of
captain and brevet major. Since 1869 he
has been rector of St. Paul's American
church in Rome, Italy, which he built.
He is the author of Reunion Conferences
at Bonn; and St. Paul's within the Walls.
NEVIN, WILLIAM CHANNING, law
yer, author, was born Jan. 1, 1844, in New
Athens, Ohio. He is a lawyer of Phila
delphia; and the author of History of All
Religions; Life of Albert Barnes; The
Blue Ray of Sunlight; A Slight Misunder
standing; A Wild Goose Chase; In the
Nick of Time; Joshua Whitcomb's Tribu
lations; and A Summer School Adven
ture.
NEVIN, WILLIAM WILBERFORCE,
journalist, author, was born March 1, 1836,
in Allegheny, Pa. He is a journalist and
railway director of Philadelphia who has
published Vignettes of Travel.
NEVINS, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 13, 1797, in Norwich, Conn.
He was a presbyterian minister of Balti
more; and the author of Thoughts on
Popery; Practical Thoughts; and Select
Remains, with Memoir. He died Sept.
14, 1835, in Baltimore, Md.
NEVIUS, MRS. HELEN S. [COAN],
author, was born in 1832 in New York.
She is the author of Catechism of Chris
tian Doctrine, in Chinese; Our Life In
China; and Life of J. L. Nevius.
NEVIUS, JOHN LIVINGSTON, mission
ary, author, was born in 1829 in New
York. He was a presbyterian missionary
in Ningpo; and the author of China and
the Chinese; San-Poh, or North of the
Hills; Methods of Missionary Work;
Demon Possession; and a number of
works in Chinese. He died in 1893.
NEW, ANTHONY, congressman, was
born in 1747 in Gloucester county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1793 to 1805. On taking up
his residence in Kentucky he was elected
a representative in congress from that
state from 1811 to 1813, from 1817 to 1818,
and from 1821 to 1823. He died March 2,
1833, in Elkton, Ky.
NEW, JEPTHA D., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Nov. 28, 1830, in
Vernon, Ind. He was elected district
prosecuting attorney of Indiana in 1862,
and served two years. He was elected
judge of common pleas in 1864, and served
four years. He was elected a representa
tive from Indiana to the forty-fourth and
forty-sixth congresses as a democrat.
44
NEW, JOHN CHALFANT, lawyer, state
senator, was born July 6, 1831, in Vernon,
Ind. In 1861 he was appointed quarter
master-general of Indiana, serving as such
until elected to the state senate. In 1865
he was elected cashier of the First Na
tional bank of Indianapolis, serving as
such until appointed in 1875 as treasurer
of the United States. He was assistant
secretary of the United States treasury
from 1882 to 1884; and during 1889-93
was consul-general of the United States
at London, England.
NEWBEGIN, HENRY, lawyer, was
born May 2, 1833, in Pownel, Maine. In
1857 he graduated from Bowdoin college,
and since 1886 has been overseer of that
institution. For twelve years he was gen
eral counsel of the Chicago division of the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad;' has been
local counsel for the Wabash railroad
since 1870; and since 1882 has had consid
erable practice in the supreme court of
the United States. He has a large prac
tice in Defiance, Ohio; and takes an active
part in republican politics.
NEWBERRY, JOHN STOUGHTON,
manufacturer, lawyer, congressman, was
born Nov. 18, 1826, in Waterville, N. Y.
In 1864 he engaged largely in manufactur
ing enterprises in Detroit, Mich. He was
elected as a representative from Michigan
to the forty-sixth congress as a repub
lican. He died Jan. 2, 1887, in Detroit,
Mich.
NEWBERRY, JOHN STRONG, geolo
gist, educator, author, was born Dec. 22,
1822, in Windsor, Conn. He was a geolo
gist who was professor of geology in the
School of Mines of Columbia college in
1866-92, and state geologist of Ohio from
1869. He published nine volumes of re
ports relating to the geological survey of
Ohio; and Paleozoic Fishes of North
America, and many scientific papers. He
died in 1892.
NEWBERRY, WALTER C., soldier,
congressman, was born Dec. 23, 1835, in
Sangerfield, N. Y. He served during the
war in volunteer armies of the United
States as private, lieutenant, captain,
major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and
brigadier-general by brevet. He was
elected to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
NEWBERRY, WALTER LOOMIS,
merchant, philanthropist, was born Sept.
18, 1804, in East Windsor, Conn. He was
one of the founders of the Merchants'
Loan and Trust Company's bank of Chi
cago; and president of the Galena rail
road, now the great Northwestern rail
road. In 1841 he was active in founding
the Young Men's Library association of
Chicago, and was its first president. He
visited Europe in 1868, and died on his
homeward voyage on Nov. 6. He left
nearly two million dollars to found a
library, to be named for him, and located
in the north division of Chicago, which
is now consummated, the famous New-
berry library, one of the finest institutions
in America.
NEWBOLD, JOSHUA G., soldier, law
yer, jurist, state senator, governor, was
born May 12, 1830, in Fayette county, Pa.
In 1862 he entered the union army as
captain of the twenty-fifth regiment of
Iowa volunteers; served as judge advo
cate, with headquarters at Woodville, Ala.
He was elected a representative in the
thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth and
eighteenth general assemblies of the state
of Iowa. In 1876 he was elected lieuten
ant-governor; and was governor of Iowa
in 1877 and 1878. He held a number of
county offices, and practiced law at Mt.
. Pleasant.
NEWBOLD, THOMAS, state legislator,
congressman. He was a representative
in congress from New Jersey from 1807
to 1813, after which he served in the legis
lature of that state. He died in December,
1823, in Burlington county, N. J.
NEWBURY, SAMUEL, clergyman, edu
cator, college president, was born Nov. 3,
1803, in Panton, Vt. He organized and
was pastor of the Second Presbyterian
church of Indianapolis, Ind. He was pres
ident of Wabash college.
NEWBURY, SAMUEL SERGEANT, sol
dier, lawyer, was born Jan. 8, 1835, in In
dianapolis. He practiced his profession
with success in Dubuque, Iowa, and De
troit, Mich. During the civil war he went
to the front to help Gen. Meade, and was
killed at the taking of Welden railroad in
1864.
NEWBY, W. E., journalist, was born
April 27, 1865, in Greensboro, Ind. He
has been connected with the Indianapolis
Journal, the Springfield Republic-Times;
for many years was editor of the Rush-
ville Graphic; and is now the editor and
owner of The Sun of Knightstown, Ind.
He was appointed consul-general to Paris
by President McKinley; and has filled nu
merous other positions of trust.
NEWCOMB, C. A., lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born July 1,
1830, in Mercer county, Pa. He removed
to Iowa, and was a circuit judge for two
years; and judge of a county court for
three years. He settled in Missouri, and
was elected for two years to the legisla
ture of that state. In 1866 he was elected
a representative from Missouri to the
fortieth congress.
NEWCOMB, HARVEY, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 2, 1803, in Thetford,
Vt. He was a congregational clergyman
of western Pennsylvania and other locali
ties among whose many moral and relig
ious works, mainly juvenile in character,
are, Young Lady's Guide; How to Be a
Man; How to Be a Lady; and Manners
and Customs of North American Indians.
He died Aug. 30, 1863, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
NEWCOMB, HORATIO VICTOR, rail
road president, banker, was born July 26,
1844, in Louisville, Ky. Upon the death
of the senior New-
comb, Aug. 24, 1874,
he entered upon a
short but extremely
successful career as
a railroad man. Hav-
ing been elected a
director of the rail
road company, a
little later he be
came vice-president
and then president.
To the development
of the Louisville and
Nashville railroad as a property, the new
officer devoted a vast amount of labor
and untiring energy and contributed
largely to make the system the great
property it is to-day. In 1880 he removed
to New York city and organized the
United States National bank, of which the
stockholders elected him president.
NEWCOMB, SIMON, astronomer, edu
cator, author, was born March 12, 1835,
in Wallace, N. S. He is an astronomer of
distinction, superintendent of the Nautical
Almanac, issued by the navy department,
from 1877, and professor of astronomy
and mathematics at Johns Hopkins uni
versity in 1884-93. He is the author of
Popular Astronomy; School Astronomy;
Geometry; Analytic Geometry; Essen
tials of Trigonometry; Calculus; A Plain
Man's Talk on the Labor Question; Prin
ciples of Political Economy; and The A.
B, C, of Finance.
690
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHV.
NEWELL, CHARLES M., sailor, phy
sician, author, poet, was born Nov. 23,
1821, in Concord, Mass. When seventeen
years of age he went
to sea as a sailor,
and followed that oc
cupation. He became
master of a ship at
the age of twenty-
six, and continued so
for ten years. He
then left the sea to
study medicine, in
which he has been
very successful. He
has published, in ad
dition to medical lit
erature, six volumes of prose, entitled The
Voyage of the Fleetwing; The Isle of
Palms; The Wreck of the Greyhound; and
others, which have given him a world
wide reputation as a writer of sea-stories.
NEWELL, FRANK R., journalist, was
born May 23, 1854, in Chicago, 111. He is
the business manager of the City Printing
company of Cleveland, Ohio, and the ed
itor-in-chief of The Ancient Craft Mason.
NEWELL, HARRIET ATWOOD, mis
sionary, was born Oct. 10, 1793, in Haver-
hill, Mass. She was one of the first fe
male missionaries from the United States.
She died Nov. 30, 1812, on the Isle of
France.
NEWELL, HUGH, educator, artist, was
born Oct. 4, 1830, in Ireland. In 1879 he
became professor of drawing in Johns
Hopkins university. In Baltimore he
gained gold medals in 185.3 and 1858, and a
silver one in 1859. His works include
Smithy; Basket of Grapes; In the Cot
tage Window; The Country Musician;
Husking Corn in the Field; Grapes; and
From the East and West.
NEWELL, LAURA E., song writer, was
born Feb. 5, 1854, in New Marlborough,
Mass. She has furnished songs and music
„ to many eminent
composers, and her
songs and poems are
read and sung
throughout America.
She is the author of
a thousand poems,
which have appeared
in the Youth's Com-
p a n i o n, Arthur's
Magazine, and the
leading publications
of America. Her
poems have also
been given a place in Woman in Sacred
Song, and other standard collections.
NEWELL, McFADDEN ALEXANDER,
educator, journalist, was born Sept. 7,
1824, in Ireland. He became principal of
the State Normal school at Baltimore in
1865, and in 1868 state superintendent of
public instruction. With Prof. William
R. Creery he has published a series of
text-books, entitled The Maryland Series;
and he is the author of annual state school
reports.
NEWELL, ROBERT HENRY, journal
ist, author, poet, was born Dec. 13, 1836,
in New York city. He is a journalist of
New York city, at one time popular as a
humorist. He is the author of Versatili
ties, a collection of humorous and other
verses; The Palace Beautiful, and Other
Poems; Avery Glibun, an American ro
mance; The Walking Doll, a novel; There
Was Once a Man; and Studies in Stanzas.
NEWELL, SAMUEL, missionary, au
thor, was born July 25, 1785, in Durham,
Maine. He was a noted baptist mission
ary in Bombay; and the author of The
Conversion of the World; and Life of
Harriet Newell (his first wife), which was
widely popular. He died March 30, 1821,
in Bombay, India.
NEWELL, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, phy
sician, congressman, governor, was born
Sept. 5, 1819, in Franklin, Ohio. He was
elected a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1847 to 1851; and in
1856 was elected governor of New Jersey
for the term ending in 1860. He was a
delegate to the Baltimore convention of
1864; and was also elected to the thirty-
ninth congress. In 1880 he was appointed
governor of Washington territory for a
term of four years.
NEWELL, WILLIAM WELLS, journal
ist, author, poet, was born in 1839 in
Massachusetts. He is a folk-lore scholar
of Cambridge, editor of The Journal of
American Folk-Lore since 1888; arid
the author of Games and Songs of Ameri
can Children; and Words for Music, a
collection of poems.
NEWHALL, CHARLES STEDMAN,
clergyman, educator, author, was born in
1842 in Massachusetts. He is a clergy
man and educator of Asbury Park, N. J.;
and the author of The Trees of North
eastern America; The Shrubs of North
eastern America; The Vines of North
eastern America; The Leaf-Collector's
Handbook and Herbarium. His writings
for young people include Harry's Trip to
the Orient; Joe and the Howards; and
Ruthie's Story.
NEWHALL, MRS. L. E. TERRY, au
thor, poet, was born July 19, 1861, in
Dutch Flat, Cal. She is a successful
writer of Newhall, Cal.; and the author
of three novels entitled Adopted; The
Death Trust; and The Bride of Infelice;
and also a volume of poems.
NEWHARD, PETER, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1839 to 1843.
NEWHOUSE, FINLEY D., clergyman,
lecturer, author, was born July 27, 1857,
in Rochester, Ind. For a number of years
he filled the chair of Greek in the Amer
ican college of Concepcion, Chili; and
now fills a pastorate in Minneapolis, Minn.
He is a brilliant lecturer; and the author
of a college romance entitled The Three
C's; and a religious work entitled Why
I Am a Protestant.
NEWHOUSE, SAMUEL, railroad presi
dent, was born Oct. 14, 1853, in New York
city. In 1894 he was elected president of
the Denver, Lakewood and Golden rail
road, which position he now fills.
NEWHOUSE, SIMEON EDGAR, educat
or, lawyer, was born Aug. 14, 1865, in Elk-
ton, Ohio. After receiving a thorough ed
ucation, he entered educational work, and
was professor of sciences in the high
school of Greenville, Ohio; and subse
quently became superintendent of schools
at Salem, S. D. He is now a successful
lawyer of Golden City, Mo.; has been city
attorney; and filled various other public
positions of honor.
NEWKIRK, DANIEL L., educator, poet,
was born Jan. 14, 1859, in Clermont
county, Ohio. He received his education
at the Drake univer
sity, and was subse
quently professor of
natural sciences in
the normal depart
ment Of his alma
mater. He holds a
life diploma from the
state board of ex-
fc aminers of Iowa,
I and is one of the
I foremost educators
I of the west. He has
written extensively
both prose and verse; and his poems
have appeared in Poets of America and
other standard publications.
NEWLANDS, FRANCIS G., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 28, 1848, in
Natchez, Miss. He was elected from Ne
vada to the 'fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses and having received his nom
ination from both the silver party and the
democratic party was re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress.
NEWLIN, ENOCH E., lawyer, was born
Feb. 22, 1858, in Crawford county, 111.
He was admitted to the bar in 1882; was
state's attorney of his county for eight
years; and is now a master in chancery.
NEWMAN, ALEXANDER, state sen
ator, congressman, was born in 1806 in
Orange county, Va. In 1836 he was elect
ed a representative to the Virginia state
legislature, where he served several years;
and was also elected to the state senate.
From 1845 to 1849 he was postmaster of
Wheeling; and was elected a representa
tive from Virginia to the thirty-first con
gress. He died in July, 1840, in Pitts-
burg, Pa.
NEWMAN, CHARLES GORDON, sol
dier, journalist, was born in 1841 in Rich
mond, Va. He is the editor and owner
of the Daily and Weekly Commercial of
Pine Bluff, Ark.; and contributes exten
sively to current literature.
NEWMAN, DANIEL, soldier, congress
man, was born about 1780 in North Caro
lina. He was lieutenant-colonel com
manding Georgia volunteers in 1813; and
was a representative in congress from
Georgia from 1831 to 1833. He died Jan.
16, 1851, in Walker county, Ga.
NEWMAN, DE WITT L., journalist, was
born Dec. 4, 1870, in Gillsburg, Miss. For
many years he was engaged in educational
work; and is now the editor and owner
of The Times of Osyka, Miss.
NEWMAN, FRANCIS MARION, educat
or, lawyer, was born Nov. 4, 1860, in
Washington county, Texas. In 1885 he
graduated from the Baylor university,
and for many years was engaged in edu
cational work. Since 1887 he has been
practicing law in Brady, Texas; where
he is prominently identified with the pub
lic affairs of his county and state.
NEWMAN, HENRY R., artist, was born
about 1833 in New York city. In 1877 he
exhibited at the academy a View of Flor
ence, and in Florence in 1878 a Study of
Pink and White Oleanders; and Grapes
and Olives. The same year he sent to the
Grosvenor gallery, London, Flowers; and
An Architectural Study.
NEWMAN, J. R., journalist, was born
Oct. 19, 1859, in St. Louis, Mo. He is the
editor and owner of The Times of Harri
son, Mo., of which city he has served as
mayor. In 1886 he was elected president
of the Arkansas Press association.
NEWMAN, JAMES WIRT, journalist,
legislator, was born March 12, 1841, in
Highland county, Ohio. For two terms he
was a member of the Ohio state senate;
and during 1883-84 was secretary of state
of Ohio. For thirty years he has bee'n ed
itor and owner of the Portsmouth Times.
NEWMAN, JOHN PHILIP, bishop, au
thor, was born Sept. 1, 1826, in New York
city. He is a methodist bishop at Omaha,
at one time a prominent Washington pas
tor; and the author of From Dan to
Beersheba; Thrones and Palaces of Baby
lon and Nineveh; Christianity Triumph
ant; America for Americans; and The
Supremacy of Law.
NEWMAN, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1602 in England. He
published A Concordance for the Bible.
It was known as the Cambridge Concord
ance, and was at one time supposed to be
the first work of the kind printed in the
English language. He died July 5, 1663, in
Rehoboth, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
691
NEWMAN, SAMUEL PHILLIPS, edu
cator, author, was born in 1797 in An-
dover, Mass. In 1818 he became a tutor in
Bowdoin college, and
the following year
was chosen profes
sor of ancient lan
guages. In 1824 he
was transferred to
the chair of rhetoric
and oratory. After
twenty-one years in
that institution he
took charge of the
normal school at
Barre, Mass. He was
the author of a
treatise on rhetoric, which is still a text
book in a multitude of schools and numer
ous colleges. He was also the author of
an elementary work on Political Econ
omy. He died Feb. 10, 1842, in Andover,
Mass.
NEWMAN, WILLIAM TRUSLOW, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was born June 23, 1843,
in Knoxville, Tenn. For twelve years he
was actively engaged in the practice of
law in Atlanta, Ga. ; and since 1886 has
been United States district judge.
NEWSHAM, JOSEPH PARKINSON,
lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born May
24, 1837, in Preston, England. In his
youth his parents
settled in Monroe
county, 111., and sub
sequently moved to
St. Louis, Mo. He
there attended the
public scuools and
clerked in a store.
He studied law in
Edwardsville, 111.;
was admitted to the
bar, and acquired a
reputation as a suc
cessful lawyer and
eloquent orator. During the war he ob
tained the rank of first lieutenant of
cavalry on the staff of General John T.
Fremont; and was afterward first lieuten
ant and adjutant of the thirty-second Mis
souri infantry. After the war he settled
in Ascension parish, La., and there
taught school and practiced law; took a
part in the reconstruction acts of con
gress; and was elected to the fortieth and
forty-first congresses as a republican. For
many years he was the editor and owner
of a republican newspaper; has been
a strong advocate of home protec
tion, and has taken an active part in
public affairs; has been parish attor
ney, district attorney, and filled vari
ous other positions with scrupulous en
ergy and consummate ability.
NEWTON, CHURUBUSCO, lawyer, leg
islator, was born May 15, 1848, in St.
Helena parish, La. He received the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in the home
schools, and then at
tended the state uni
versity of Louisiana.
After leaving college
he taught school for
three years; was ad
mitted to the bar in
1870; and soon at
tained prominence
as an able lawyer of
Monroe, La. In 1879
he was elected to the
state senate of Louisiana, and served for
four years. In 1886 he was elected a mem
ber of congress and during his congres
sional career secured several measures of
importance to his district and state.
NEWTON, DANIEL HOWE, railroad
president, was born June 23, 1827, in
Hubbardstown, Mass. Since 1887 he has
been president of the Hoosac Tunnel and
Wilmington railroad, at Holyoke, Mass.
NEWTON, EBEN, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 16,
1795, in Goshen.Conn. In 1842 he was elect
ed a member of the Ohio senate, and was
soon afterward elected president judge of
the third circuit. He was elected a repre
sentative in congress for the term from
1851 to 1853, and in 1856 was elected presi
dent of the Ashtabula and New Lisbon
Railroad company, in which position he
remained until 1859, when he declined a re
election.
NEWTON, HENRY, educator, author,
was born Aug. 12, 1845, in New York city.
In 1877 he was made professor of mining
and metallurgy in the Ohio State univer
sity. He was the author of a work en
titled Reports on the Geology and Re
sources of the Black Hills of Dakota.
He died Aug. 5, 1877, in Black Hills, S. D.
NEWTON, HENRY J., inventor, was
born Feb. 23, 1823, in Harleton, Pa. He
invented the first permanent collodion
emulsion in 1875, and afterward became
known as father of the dry-plate process
in America. He died Dec. 23, 1895, in
New York city.
NEWTON, HUBERT ANSON, educator,
author, was born March 19, 1830, in Sher-
burne, N. Y. He was elected full pro
fessor in Yale in 1855, which he has since
continued without interruption. His sci
entific work in pure mathematics includes
researches On the Construction of Cer- .
tain Curves by Points; Certain Transcen
dental Curves, and similar papers, but his
most valuable investigations have been
in connection with meteors.
NEWTON, ISAAC, naval architect, was
born Jan. 16, 1794, in Schodack, N. Y.
He was the founder of the People's line
of steamboats between Albany and New
York, and he was also interested in the
construction of many ocean steamers. He
died Nov. 22, 1858, in New York city.
NEWTON, ISAAC, civil engineer, was
born Aug. 4, 1837, in New York city. At
the beginning of the civil war he was ap
pointed first assistant engineer in the
United States navy. Later he became
supervising constructor of iron-clads for
the United States government in New
York, and in this capacity superintended
the building, among others, of the Puri
tan and Dictator. He died Sept. 25, 1884,
in New York city.
NEWTON, JOHN, soldier, civil engin
eer, was born Aug. 24, 1823, in Norfolk,
Va. In 1842 he graduated from the Mili-
t a r y academy a t
West Point, and re
ceived the appoint
ment of brevet sec
ond lieutenant in the
corps of engineers.
In 1858 he was made
chief engineer of the
Utah expedition; in
1861 was chief engin
eer of the depart
ment of the Shenan-
doah; and then be
came assistant en
gineer in the construction of the defences
of Washington. He was given the rank
of brigadier-general of volunteers, and
subsequently was made a brigadier-gen
eral in the regular army. His greatest
achievement was the improvement of Hell
Gate channel.
NEWTON, JOHN THOMAS, naval offi
cer, was born May 20, 1793, in Alexandria,
Va. In 1852-55 he was flag-officer of the
home squadron, which gave him the title
of commodore. The last two years of his
life he was in command of the navy yard
at Portsmouth, N. H. He died July 28,
1857, in Washington, D. C.
NEWTON, RICHARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born July 25, 1813, in England.
He was an episcopal clergyman of Phila
delphia, long prominent among extreme
low churchmen, and the author of The
King's Highway; The Great Pilot; Rills
from the Fountain of Life; Bible Prom
ises; and Natural History of the Bible.
He died May 25, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
NEWTON, RICHARD HEBER, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 31, 1840, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is an episcopal cler
gyman of New York city, rector of All
Souls church, and prominent as a very
broad church theologian. He is the au
thor of Womanhood; The Morals of
Trade; The Right and Wrong Uses of
the Bible; The Book of the Beginnings;
Philistinism; Social Studies; Church and
Creed; and The Children's Church.
NEWTON, ROBERT SAFFORD, sur
geon, author, was born Dec. 12, 1818, in
Gallipolis, Ohio. He was a surgeon of
New York city, and the author of Ec
lectic Treatise in the Practice of Medi
cine; and Antiseptic Surgery. He died
Oct. 9, 1881, in New York city.
NEWTON, ROBERT SAFFORD, phy
sician, journalist, educator, author, was
born Sept. 2, 1855, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
He was professor of diseases of the eye,
throat, and skin, in the New York Eclec
tic Medical college in 1881-86, and also
dean of the faculty. He edited the New
York Quarterly Cancer Journal in 1880-81,
and the New York Medical Eclectic from
1877 till 1885.
NEWTON, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in 1769 in Norfolk, Va. He was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1801 to 1829, and again from 1831
to 1833. He died Aug. 5, 1847, in Norfolk,
Va.
NEWTON, THOMAS W., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Arkansas in February and March, 1847.
NEWTON, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born in 1820 in England.
He was a reformed episcopal clergyman
of West Chester, Pa., and the author of
The First Two Visions of the Book of
Daniel; The Morning Star, and Other
Poems; and Nature's Testimony to Na
ture's God.
NEWTON, WILLIAM WILBERFORCE,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 4, 1843,
in Philadelphia. He is an episcopal cler
gyman of Pittsfield, Mass., and the author
of Essays of To-Day, Religious and The
ological; The Legend of St. Telemachus;
The Voice of St. John, and Other Poems;
Summer Sermons; The Voice Out of
Egypt; Ragnar, the Sea King; Paradise;
The Priest and the Man, or Abelard and
Heloise, an historical novel; Life of W. A.
Muhlenberg; and several collections of
sermons to children, including The Wick
et Gate; The Interpreter's House; Little
and Wise; and A Father's Blessing.
NEWTON, WILLOUGHBY, congress
man, was born in Virginia. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1845.
NIBLACK, SILAS N., congressman. He
was elected a representative from Florida
to the forty-second congress, having suc
cessfully contested the seat claimed by
Josiah T. Walls.
692
HERRING,""' * WS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
NIBLACK, WILLIAM E., lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, congressman, was
born May 19, 1822, in Dubois county, Ind.
In 1843 he was ap-
^^_^^ pointed county sur-
:^ H|t veyor, and in 1849
^ was elected to the
..j» £ Indiana state legis-
I lature, where he
I served until 1852. In
I 1854 he was appoint-
I ed a circuit judge,
land subsequently
I elected for six years.
I He was elected a rep-
~ thirty-fifth congress
from Indiana, and re-elected to the thirty-
sixth congress. He was elected to the
thirty-ninth congress, and re-elected to
the forty-first, forty-second and forty-
third congresses.
NICHOLAS, GEORGE, soldier, lawyer,
was born about 1755 in Hanover, Va.
He was a leading member of the con
vention which ratified the federal consti
tution, and a prominent member of the
house of delegates in Virginia. He moved
to Kentucky in 1790; was a member of the
convention for framing a state constitu
tion, and was the author of that instru
ment. He was the first attorney-general
of the state. He died in 1799 in Ken
tucky.
NICHOLAS, JOHN, congressman, state
senator, was born Jan. 19, 1761, in Will-
iamsburg, Va. He was a representative
in congress from Virginia from 1793 to
1801. He subsequently removed to Gene
va, N. Y., whence he was elected to the
state senate from 1806 to 1809. He died
Dec. 31, 1819, in Geneva, N. Y.
NICHOLAS, PHILIP NORBORNE, law
yer, jurist, banker, was born in 1773 in
Williamsburg, Va. For many years he
was ^resident of the Farmers' bank of
Virginia, and was judge of the general
court of Virginia from about 1823 till his
death. He died Aug. 8, 1849, in Rich
mond, Va.
NICHOLAS, ROBERT CARTER, law
yer, jurist, public official, was born in 1715
in Hanover, Va. He represented James
City in the house of burgesses of Vir
ginia when very young. He continued
in that position until the house of dele
gates was organized in 1777; and was a
member of that body until 1779, when
he was appointed a judge of the high
court of chancery, and subsequently of the
court of appeals. He was treasurer of the
colony from 1776 to 1777; and in 1773 was
a member of the committee of corres
pondence. He died in 1780 in Hanover,
Va.
NICHOLAS, ROBERT CARTER, sol
dier, public official, was born about 1793
in Hanover, Va. He was appointed cap
tain of the twentieth infantry in 1812;
major of the twelfth infantry in 1813, and
lieutenant-colonel in 1814. He was
charge d'affaires to Naples, and subse
quently secretary of state of Louisiana.
In 1851 he became state superintendent
of public instruction. He died Dec. 24,
1857, in Terrebonne, La.
NICHOLAS, SAMUEL SMITH, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born in 1796 in Lex
ington, Ky. In 1831 he was appointed
judge of the court of appeals; and he
was subsequently a member of the Ken
tucky state legislature. He assisted In
preparing the revised code of Kentucky,
and was the author of a series of essays
on Constitutional Law. He died Nov. 27,
1869, in Louisville, Ky.
NICHOLAS, WILSON CARY, soldier,
United States senator, governor, was
born about 1757 in Hanover, Va. lie was
governor of Virginia; was an officer in
the war of the revolution, and a member
of the convention which ratified the con
stitution of the United States. He was a
distinguished member of the senate of the
United States from 1799 to 1804; and of
the national house of representatives from
1807 to 1809. In 1804 he resigned his seat
in the senate, and accepted the office of
collector of the ports of Norfolk and
Portsmouth. He was afterward again a
member of the house, but resigned his
seat in 1809. In 1814 he was governor,
and remained in office until 1817. He
died Oct. 10, 1820, in Milton, Ohio.
NICHOLLS, FRANCIS TILLOU, soldier,
lawyer, governor, was born Aug. 20, 1834,
in Donaldsonville, La. The most notable
fact of his life is that to him is due the
organization of the first temperance so
ciety of Louisiana, of which he was presi
dent. During the civil war he was in the
confederate service, and became briga
dier-general. During 1888-92 he served
with distinction as governor of Louisiana,
and to him is principally due the defeat of
the Louisiana lottery.
NICHOLLS, JOHN C., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
April 25, 1834, in Clinton, Ga. He served
in the confederate army throughout the
war; was a member of the state consti
tutional convention of 1865, and was a
presidential elector in 1868. He was elect-
rd to the state senate in 1870 and served
five years, and was a delegate to the
democratic national convention in 1876.
He was elected a representative from
Georgia to the forty-sixth congress, and
was also elected to the forty-eighth con
gress as a democrat.
NICHOLLS, RHODA, artist, was born
in England. In 1896 she received a sil
ver medal at the Atlanta (Ga.) interna
tional exposition on her water-color en
titled Searching the Scriptures.
NICHOLS, ALVA W., physician, sur
geon, was born in 1848, near Grand Rap
ids, Mich. He acquired his education at
the district school
and the high schools
of Grand Rapids and
Greenville. He stud
ied medicine at the
State university at
Ann Arbor; in 1874
graduated from the
Bellevue Hospital
Medical college of
New York city; and
has since been suc
cessfully engaged in
the practice of his
profession at Greenville. In 1886 he was
a nominee for state senator; in 1888 he
was a fusion elector, and since 1878 has
been a greenbacker and populist. He has
filled various public offices of honor; is
a member of the leading medical societies,
and a member and hearty supporter of
various fraternal orders. In 1894 he was
a candidate for governor of Michigan and
made a remarkably successful canvass on
the people's ticket for that high office.
NICHOLS, CLARINDA HOWARD, re
former, was born Jan. 25, 1810, in Town-
send, Vt. She was instrumental in se
curing the passage of the first bill in the
Vermont legislature that recognized the
civil existence of wives. She afterward
emigrated to Kansas, served one term as
recording clerk of the state legislature,
and removed to Porno, Cal., in 1871. She
died Jan. 11, 1885, in Porno, Cal.
NICHOLS, EDWARD LEAMINGTON,
Ph. D., educator, physicist, author, was
born Sept. 14, 1854, in England. Since
1887 he has been professor of physics in
Cornell university. He is the founder and
editor-in-chief of the Physical Review,
and is the author of A Laboratory Manual
of Physics and Applied Electricity, in two
volumes; The Elements of Physics; and
The Outlines of Physics.
NICHOLS, EDWARD TATNALL, naval
officer, was born March 1, 1823, in Au
gusta, Ga. He was appointed to the Unit
ed States naval academy in 1866; became
commodore in 1872, rear-admiral in 1878,
and was placed on the retired list in
March, 1885. He died Oct. 12, 1886, in
Pomfret, Conn.
NICHOLS, EDWARD W., artist, was
born in December, 1820, in Oxford, N. H.
He has attained success as an artist of
New York city, where he opened a stu
dio. He died Sept. 18, 1871, in Peekskill,
N. Y.
NICHOLS, ERNEST FOX, educator,
author, was born June 1, 1869, in Leaven-
worth, Kan. In 1891-92 he was a fellow in
physics in the Cornell university, and
since 1892 has filled the chair of physics
in the Colgate university of Hamilton, N.
Y. He is the author of a number of im
portant researches in the Heat Spectrum.
NICHOLS, FRANCIS T., governor. He
was governor of Louisiana from 1876 to
1880.
NICHOLS, GEORGE WARD, author,
was born June 21, 1837, in Mt. Desert,
Maine. He was a writer on art and music
who was president of the Cincinnati col
lege of Music, and the author of The Story
of the Great March; Art Education Ap
plied to Industry; Pottery; and Sanctuary,
a story of the Civil War. He died Sept.
15, 1885, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
NICHOLS, ICHABOD, clergyman, au
thor, was born July 7, 1784, in Ports
mouth, N. H. He was a Unitarian minis
ter of Portland, Maine, in 1814-55, and
from the latter date a resident of Cam
bridge. He was the author of Natural
Theology; Hours with the Evangelists;
and Remembered Words. He died Jan.
2, 1859, in Cambridge, Mass.
NICHOLS, JAMES ROBINSON, chem
ist, author, was born July 19, 1819, in
West Amesbury (now Merrimac), Mass.
He was a manufacturing chemist of Bos
ton who founded The Journal of Chemis
try (now The Popular Science News) in
1866, and was the author of What, When,
and Where? Fireside Science; Chemistry
of the Farm; and The New Agriculture.
He died Jan. 2, 1888, in Haverhill, Mass.
NICHOLS, JOHN, educator, congress
man, was born Nov. 14, 1834, in Wake
county, N. C. From 1873 till 1877 he was
principal of the North Carolina institute
for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, in
Raleigh, N. C. In 1881 he was appointed
postmaster at Raleigh. He has been sec
retary and treasurer of the State Fair
association for a number of years, and
was elected to the fiftieth congress as an
independent.
NICHOLS, MRS. MARY SARGEANT,
physician, author, was born Aug. 10, 1810,
in Goffstown, N. H. She is a hydropathic
physician, and the author of Lectures on
Anatomy and Physiology; Experience in
Water Cure; A Woman's Work in Water
Cure and Sanitary Education. As Mary
Orme she published the novels, Uncle
John; Agnes Norris; and The Two Loves,
Eros and Anteros.
NICHOLS, MATTHIAS H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 3, 1824, in Salem
county, N. J. He was elected a represent
ative from Ohio to the thirty-third, thirty-
fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
693
NICHOLS, MOSES, physician, soldier,
was born in 1759 in Amherst, N. H. He
was a general of militia during the revo
lution. He died in May, 1790, in Am
herst, N. H.
NICHOLS, MRS REBECCA S. (REED),
poet, was born in August, 1820, in Green
wich, N. J. She is a poet of Cincinnati,
and the author of Bernice, and Other
Poems; and Songs of the Heart.
NICHOLS, ROLAND, poet, was born
Aug. 1, 1865, in Shalersville, Ohio. He has
contributed numerous poems to the lead
ing periodicals of Ohio.
NICHOLS, STARR HOYT, broker, au
thor, was born in 1834 in Connecticut. He
is a broker of New York city, in earlier
life a Unitarian minister. He has pub
lished Monte Rosa, the Epic of an Alp.
NICHOLS, THOMAS L., physician, au
thor, was born in 1820. He is' an Amer
ican physician who settled in Malvern,
England, near the opening of the civil
war, and the author of Women in All
Ages; Esoteric Anthropology; Forty
Years of American Life; How to Cook;
How to Behave; How to Live on Six
pence a Day; and Human Physiology the
Basis of Sanitary Reforms.
NICHOLS, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, sol
dier, was born May 12, 1818, in Philadel
phia. He became colonel and brevet brig
adier-general in 1864, and brevet major-
general in 1865 for meritorious service
during the civil war. At the time of his
death he was chief of staff and adjutant-
general of the military department of Mis
souri. He died April 8, 1869, in St. Louis,
Mo.
NICHOLS, WILLIAM RIPLEY, chem
ist, educator, author, was born April 30,
1847, in Boston, Mass. He was devoted
to the interests of the institute of Tech
nology, and compiled a record of the Pub
lications of Its Officers, Students, and
Alumni, in which may be found a com
plete list of his own papers down to 1882.
Besides his scientific papers he published
in book-form An Elementary Manual of
Chemistry, abridged from Eliot and Sto-
rer's Manual. He died July 14, 1886, in
Germany.
NICHOLSON, ALFRED OSBORNE
POPE, lawyer, congressman, United States
senator, was born Aug. 31, 1808, in Will
iamson county, Tenn. He was a member
of the Tennessee state legislature from
1833 to 1839; was a senator in congress
from that state from 1840 to 1842; and
was a member of the state senate from
1843 to 1845. He was chancellor of the
middle division of the state in 1845; was
president of the bank of Tennessee in
1846 and 1847, and was elected printer of
the house of representatives by the thirty-
third congress, and printer of the senate
by the thirty-fourth congress. He was
elected a senator in congress from Ten
nessee for the term commencing in 1859
and ending in 1865, but was expelled July
11, 1861. He died March 23, 1876, in Col
umbia, Tenn.
NICHOLSON, MRS. ELIZA JANE
(POITEVENT), journalist, author, poet,
was born in 1849 in Mississippi. She was
a journalist of New Orleans, owner and
editor of The Picayune, and the first
woman in the world to own and manage
a great dally paper. She was the author
of Lyrics. She died in 1896.
NICHOLSON, FRANCIS, governor. He
was lieutenant-governor of New York
under Andres; was go\ ernor of Virginia
in 1690-92, and from 1699 to 1705; and
governor of Maryland in 1694-99. He died
March 5, 1728, in London, England.
NICHOLSON, ISAAC LEA, bishop of
Milwaukee, Wis., was born Jan. 18, 1844,
in Baltimore, Md. He was consecrated
bishop of Milwaukee in St. Mark's church,
Philadelphia, in 1891. He has published
occasional sermons, addresses and pas
torals, and has compiled several liturgi
cal manuals.
NICHOLSON, JAMES BARTRAM, au
thor, was born Jan. 28, 1820, in St. Louis,
Mo. He is a prominent bookbinder of
Philadelphia, and the author of a Manual
of Bookbinding, an exhaustive treatise on
the subject.
NICHOLSON, JAMES OSCAR, lawyer,
politician, was born March 29, 1847, in
Pike county, 111. During the civil war he
served as a soldier in the union army at
the age of seventeen. He subsequently
lived in Missouri, California, Oregon and
Washington territory, and since 1878 has
been engaged in the practice of law in
Texas, and since 1881 in Laredo. He has
taken an active part in political affairs;
has been a delegate from his county to
every state democratic convention in
Texas for the past fourteen years, and
was a delegate to the national democratic
conventions in 1892 and in 1896.
NICHOLSON, JAMES WILLIAM AU
GUSTUS, naval officer, was born March
10, 1821, in Dedham, Mass. He served in
the United States navy during the civil
war, attaining the rank of admiral. He
died Oct. 28, 1887, in New York city.
NICHOLSON, JASPER HOPPER, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born in 1770
"in Maryland. In 1805 he was appointed
chief justice of the sixth judicial district,
and was also a judge of the court of ap
peals of Maryland. From 1799 to 1806 he
was a representative in congress. He
died March 4, 1817, in Maryland.
NICHOLSON, JOHN, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1765. He was
for several years a member of the New
York assembly; and was a representative
in congress from that state from 1809 to
1811. He died in January, 1820.
NICHOLSON, JOHN A., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 17, 1827, in Lau
rel, Del. He was elected a representative
from Delaware to the thirty-ninth con
gress, and re-elected to the fortieth con
gress as a democrat.
NICHOLSON, JOHN REED, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 19, 1849, in Dover,
Del. He has served with distinction as
attorney-general of Delaware, and is now
chancellor of the state of Delaware.
NICHOLSON, SAMUEL, naval officer,
was born in 1743 in Maryland. He was
the first commander of the frigate Con
stitution, the building of which he super
intended. At the time of his death he was
at the head of the navy. He died Dec. 29,
1813, in Charlestown, Mass.
NICHOLSON, TIMOTHY, educator, phil
anthropist, was born Nov. 9, 1828, in Belvi-
dere, N. C. He is prominent in temperance
reform, a member of the Indiana state
board of charities and corrections since
1889, and president of the state conference
of charities since 1896.
NICHOLSON, WILLIAM RUFUS, bish
op, author, was born Jan. 8, 1822, in
Green county, Miss. He is a reformed
episcopal bishop, dean of the theological
seminary of that faith in Philadelphia,
and the author of The Blessedness of Hea
ven; Why I Became a Reformed Episco
palian; The Real Presence; and The Call
to the Ministry.
NICHOLSON, WILLIAM THOMAS, in
ventor, manufacturer, was born March 22,
1834, in Pawtucket, R. I. He was famous
as the inventor of
-• the first successful
^^Hb^^ machine for cutting
files, and as the
founder and presi
dent for thirty years
»" of the Nicholson
File company, one
of the great manu-
facturing corpora-
Rfc tions of the east. He
attended the c o m-
mon schools until
the age of thirteen,
and then, after a year spent at Uxbridge
academy, entered a machine shop to learn
the trade of a machinist. He branched
out for himself in the manufacture of
machinery and machine tools, in Provi
dence, R. I., and during the civil war
executed heavy government contracts for
supplying parts of rifles. In 1864 he
went to work in earnest upon an idea
which had long occupied his mind, the
invention of an improved machine for
cutting files. After considerable study
and labor he succeeded in perfecting an
invention, and after securing his patents,
immediately organized a stock company
for the utilization of it. After years of
experiment, and the inspection of the
various methods by which files were pro
duced both in this country and abroad,
and the construction of a variety of ma
chinery, for which over forty patents were
obtained, he brought his company to the
position which he desired, that of being
the largest manufacturers of files in the
world, and of producing a recognizedly
superior quality article. He died Oct. 17,
1893, in Providence, R. I.
NICKERSON, CHARLES SUMNER,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 28, 1861,
in Chatham, Mass. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the public
schools, and attended Tufts College Div
inity school. For four years he was -a
displayman in the United States signal
service; since 1886 has been a successful
clergyman, and now fills a pastorate in
Newton, Mass. He is the author of a
volume entitled Noble Living; and a con
stant contributor to religious publica
tions.
NICKERSON, FRANKLIN STEVEN,
soldier, was born Aug. 27, 1826, in Swan-
ville, Maine. During the civil war he
served gallantly, and became major and
lieutenant-colonel of the fourth regiment,
and in 1862 he was commissioned a briga
dier-general. In 1873 he opened a law
office in Boston, and is noted as one of
the foremost lawyers of New England.
NICKERSON, SAMUEL M., banker. He
is an able financier, and one of the fore
most bankers of Chicago, 111.
NICKLIN, PHILIP HOLBROOK, au
thor, was born in 1786 in Philadelphia.
He contributed articles on conchology to
Silliman's Journal, and to other periodi
cals; wrote Letters Descriptive of the Vir
ginia Springs; Pleasant Peregrinations
Through Pennsylvania; and Remarks on
Literary Property. He died March 2,
1842, in Philadelphia.
NICOL, CHARLES EDWARD, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born Feb. 22, 1854,
in Brentsville, Va. He attended the Rich
mond college and the university of Vir
ginia. He served with distinction as a
member of the house of delegates of Vir
ginia for three sessions; and since 1895
he has been judge of the eleventh judicial
circuit of Virginia. He is one of the fore
most lawyers of the south and resides
in Manassas, Va.
694
HKRRINGSIIAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OK AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
NICOLAY, JOHN GEORGE, public offi
cial, author, was born Feb. 26, 1826, in
Bavaria. He was the private secretary
of President Lincoln, and marshal of
the United States supreme court in 1872-
87. He is the author of The Outbreak of the
Rebellion; and Abraham Lincoln, a His
tory.
NICOLL, HENRY, lawyer, congressman,
was born Oct. 23, 1812, in New York city.
He was a member of the New York con
stitutional convention of 1846, and was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1847 to 1849.
NICOLL, JAMES CRAIG, artist, was
born Nov. 22, 1846, in New York city.
He was elected president of the Artists'
Fund society in 1887, and was one of the
founders of the American water-color so
ciety, and its secretary for several years.
Among his water-colors, by which he is
perhaps best known, are On the Gulf of
St. Lawrence; Foggy Morning, Grand
Menan; Moonlight, Cape Ann; Coast
View in Spring; and Off Portland Harbor.
NICOLL, JOHN C., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Georgia. In 1839 he was appointed
United States judge for the district of
Georgia.
N1COLLET, JEAN NICHOLAS, explor
er, was born July 24, 1786, in Cluses, Sav
oy. After exploring the southern states
he studied the great basin that is em
braced by the sources of the Red, Arkan
sas and Missouri rivers, and in 1836 ex
tended his investigations to the sources
of the Mississippi. On his return to Wash
ington he was engaged by the war de
partment to visit the far west and pre
pare a general report and map for the
government. He died Sept. 11. 1843. in
Washington, D. C.
NICOLLS, RICHARD, governor, was
born in 1624 in England. He was the
first English governor of New York. He
died May 28, 1672, at sea.
NICOLSON, FRANK WALTER, edu
cator, author, was born Nov. 4, 1864, in
Sackville, Canada. Since 1895 he has been
instructor of Latin in the Wesleyan uni
versity of Middletown, Conn. He is the
author of Phonics of Science; Plutus of
Aristophanes; and has contributed sev
eral articles to Harvard classical studies.
NICOLSON, SAMUEL, inventor, was
born Dec. 22, 1792, in Plymouth, Mass.
He was the inventor of the Nicolson pave
ment, which has been extensively used in
all the principal cities of the United
States, and in various other countries. He
died Jan. 6, 1868.
NICUM, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born Jan. 6, 1851, in Germany. He is
a prominent lutheran minister of Roch
ester, N. Y., who has published History
of the New York Ministerium; Gleichniss-
Reden Jesu; Weihnachts Andacht; and a
translation of Wolf's Lutherans in Amer
ica.
NIEDRINGHAUS, FREDERICK G.,
manufacturer, congressman, was born
Oct. 21, 1837, in Germany. In 1862 he be
gan the stamping of tinware; in 1866
iln business was incorporated under the
name of St. Louis Stamping company, in
Missouri, of which he is president. In
1874 he invented what is called granite
ironware, and in 1881 established ex
tensive rolling mills. He was elected to
the fifty-first congress as a republican.
NIEMAN, L. W., journalist, was born
Dec. 13, 1857, in Mukwonago, Wis. He
is editor and proprietor of the Milwaukee
Journal, which was the first two-cent
dally publication in the state of Wiscon
sin.
NIEMEYER, JOHN HENRY, artist, was
born June 25, 1839, in Germany. He has
painted various gsnre pictures and por
traits, among the best of which are Gut
enberg Inventing Movable Type; a por
trait of Theodore D. Woolsey; The Braid;
Where?; Why?; and Sancta Simplicitas.
NIER1KER, MRS. MAY (ALCOTT),
artist, author, was born in 1840 in Massa
chusetts. She is an artist who published
Concord Sketches; and Studying Art
Abroad. She died in 1879.
NIETERT, HENRY JOHN, banker, leg
islator, was born March 12, 1848, in Day
ton, Ohio. He organized the Exchange
bank of Walker, Iowa, in 1885, and is its
president. He served as a member of the
house in the twenty-fifth and twenty-
sixth general assemblies of Iowa.
NILES, HENRY CLAY, lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Oct. 21, 1850, in
Kosciusko, Miss. In 1878 and in 1886 he
served as a member of the Mississippi
state legislature and in 1880 was a dele
gate to the national republican conven
tion. He is a successful lawyer of his
native city; was United States district at
torney for the northern district of Missis
sippi in 1890-91; and in 1892 was appoint
ed by President Harrison as United States
district judge for the northern and south
ern districts of Mississippi.
NILES, HEZKKIAH, journalist, author,
was born Oct. 10, 1777, in Chester county,
Pa. He was a journalist of Baltimore,
founder of Niles's Register. The towns of
Niles, Mich., and Niles, Ohio, were named
in his honor. He is the author of Quill
Driving; and Principles and Acts of the
Revolutionary Period. He died April 2,
1839, in Wilmington, Del.
NILES, JASON, congressman. He was
elected to the forty-third congress from
Mississippi.
NILES, JOHN B., lawyer, educator,
state senator, was born Sept. 13, 1808, in
Fairlee, Vt. He was elected to the In
diana state senate in 1864, where he
served one term. For twelve years he oc
cupied the chair of professor of chemis
try in the Indiana Medical college, locat
ed at Laporte, having been elected to the
position in 1840.
NILES, JOHN MILTON, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, author, was born
Aug. 20, 1787, in Windsor, Conn. He was
made a senator in congress in 1835, in
which position he remained until 1839. In
1840 he was appointed postmaster-general,
and in 1842 was again elected to the Unit
ed States senate, serving six years. He
edited a Gazetteer of Connecticut and
Rhode Island; and wrote a History of
South America; The Civil War; and sev
eral biographical works. He died May 31,
1856, in Hartford, Conn.
NILES, NATHANIEL, lawyer, inventor,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, was
born April 3, 1741, in South Kensington,
R. I. He was the inventor of making wire
from bar iron by water power, and erected
at Norwich, Conn., a woolen-card manu
factory. He was a member of the Ver
mont legislature, and speaker of the
house. He was a judge of the supreme
court of Vermont, and was six times a
presidential elector. He was a representa
tive in congress from Vermont from 1791
to 1795. He wrote poetry and many ser
mons, and preached in his own house
twelve years. He died Oct. 31, 1828, in
West Fairlee, Vt.
NILES, NATHANIEL, lawyer, banker,
was born Sept. 15, 1835, in South Ken
sington, R. I. He became speaker of
the New Jersey assembly in 1872, gov
ernment director of the Union Pacific rail
road in 1879, and since 1884 has been pres
ident of the Tradesmen's National bank or
N«w York city.
NILES, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 14, 1744, in Braintree, Mass.
He was ordained pastor of a congrega
tional church in Abington in 1771, and
preached there for forty years. He pub
lished a sermon on the death of General
Washington; and a sermon before the
Massachusetts Missionary society. He
died Jan. 16, 1814, in Abington, Mass.
NILES, WILLIAM WOODRUFF, bish
op, was born May 24, 1832, in Canada. In
1857 he graduated from the Trinity col
lege of Hartford; and in 1861 from the
Berkeley Divinity school of Middletown,
Conn. The same year he was ordained a
deacon, and a priest in 1862. He then took
charge as rector of St. Philip's of Wiscas-
sett, Maine. In 1864 he returned to Con
necticut and filled the chair of Latin
language and literature in Trinity col
lege. In 1870 he was consecrated second
bishop of New Hampshire. He is the
author of numerous Addresses and Es
says; and for a while was editor of
The Churchman.
N1NDE, WILLIAM XAVIER, clergy
man, bishop, was born June 21, 1832, in
Cortland, N. Y. He attended the Wes
leyan university of
Middletown, Conn.;
has filled various
pastorates in the
methodist episcopal
church; and f o r
many years was
president of the Gar-
rett Biblical insti
tute of Evanston, 111.
In 1881 he was a del
egate to the method
ist ecumenical con
ference in London.
Since 1884 he has been bishop of the
methodist episcopal church, and resides
in Detroit, Mich.
NINDEMANN, WILLIAM FR1EDRICH
CARL, explorer, inventor, author, was
born April 22, 1850, in Germany. He
went on the arctic expedition in the
steamer Polaris, which sailed from New
London in 1871. He has invented a tong
for the gaff of fore-and-aft rigged vessels,
which was patented in 1883; and is the
author of a pamphlet entitled Eines
Deutschen Matrosen Norclpolfahrten.
NIPHER, FRANCIS EUGENE, scien
tist, author, was born Dec. 10, 1847, in
Port Byron, N. Y. For many years he
was professor of physics and electrical
engineering in the Washington univer
sity of St. Louis, Mo. He has been presi
dent of the St. Louis Academy of Science,
and also of the Engineers' club. He is
the author of Theory of Magnetic Meas
urements; A Mathematical Treatise on
Electricity and Magnetism; and many
scientific papers.
NISHET, EUGEN1US ARISTIDES, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Dec.
7, 1803, near 1'nion Point, Ga. He was
for several years a
judge of the supreme
court of the state.
He was a representa-
1 1 v e in congress
from 1839 to 1841;
took an active part
in the rebellion of
1861; and became a
member of the con
federate congress. It
is stated that Judge
Nisbet drew the ori
ginal resolutions dis
solving the connection of the state of
Georgia with the American Union at the
time of the outbreak of the civil war. He
died March 18, 1871, in Macon, Ga.
IIKKKINdSII AWS KNCYiM.MPKI'lA OK A Jl KUICA N IlKXiltAI'
r.itr.
NITSril. MRS. HELEN ALICE I.MAT
THKWS), author, was born in England.
She was a writer on domestic1 science
whose home was at Plainfield, N. J., and
was the author of Choice Cookery; Cul
ture and Cooking; Ten Dollars Enough;
Perfect Bread; Gentle Dread-Winners;
Molly Bishop's Family; and Progressive
Housekeeping. She died in 1889.
N1VEN, ARCHIBAU) C., state legis
lator, congressman, was born in New
York. He was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1845 to 1847;
and a member of the state legislature
in 1864.
NIXON, .JOHN, soldier, was born
March 4, 1725, in Framlngham, Mass.
He was appointed brigadier-general in
1776, and intrusted with the command of
Governor's Island, New York harbor. He
died March 24, 1815, in Middlebury, Vt.
NIXON, JOHN THOMPSON, lawyer,
••jurist, state legislator, congressman, wus
born Aug. 31, 1820, in Fairton, N. J. He
served in the New Jersey legislature from
1848 to 1850, during the last year as speak
er. He was elected a representative from
New Jersey to the thirty-sixth congress,
and was re-elected to the thirty-seventh
congress. He was a delegate to the Phil
adelphia loyalists' convention of 1866, and
in 1870 was appointed United States
judge for the district of New Jersey. He
died Sept. 28, 1889, in Stockbridge, Mass.
NOAH, MORDECAl MANUEL, journal
ist, author, was born July 14, 1785, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a once noted
journalist of New York city, who en
deavored unsuccessfully to found a Jew
ish colony on Grand Island, in the Nia
gara river. He was the author of Travels
in England, France and Spain; Gleanings
from a Gathered Harvest. He wrote sev
eral successful plays, among which are,
The Siege of Tripoli; and The Fortress of
Sorroilte. He died May 22, 1851, in New
York city.
NOATMAN, FRANKLIN S., poet, was
born July 31, 1858, in Wethersfield, N. Y.
He is the author of numerous hymns and
religious poems, and has published a
work entitled Glimpses of the New Jeru
salem. He is known in his native state
as the Bard of North Java.
NOBLE, ANNETTE LUCILE, author,
was born July 12, 1844, in Albion, N. Y.
She is a fiction writer of Albion, N. Y.,
among whose works are Uncle Jack's Ex
ecutors; Eunice Lathrop, Spinster; Love
and Shawl-Straps; After the Failure; and
The Silent Man's Legacy.
NOBLE, CALISTA, educator, poet, was
born Jan. 11, 1835, in Crawford county,
Pa. After receiving a liberal education,
she became a school teacher, and has at
tained success as an educator. She has
written both prose and verse for the peri
odical press, and some of her poems have
been included in several national collec
tions.
NOBLE, DAVIU A., lawyer, congress
man, was born in Massachusetts. On mov
ing to Michigan, he was elected a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1853 to 1855.
NOBLE, EDMUND, journalist, author.
He is a journalist who traveled in Russia
in 1882-84, and since 1884 has lived in
Boston. He is the author of The Russian
Revolt.
NOBLE, JAMES, state senator, was
born about 1790 in Battletown, Va. He
was a senator In congress from Indiana
from 1816 to 1831. He died Feb. 26, 1831,
in Washington, D. C.
NOBLE, JOHN WILLOCK, lawyer, sol
dier, was born Oct. 26, 1831, in Lancaster,
Ohio. He served two years as city at
torney of Kt'okuk. Iowa. He entered (bo
service as first lieutenant In 1862, and
was brevetted brigadier-general for dis
tinguished and meritorious services In the
Held. He was appointed United States
district attorney for eastern Missouri in
IS67, which office he resigned In 1S70. lie
was appointed secretary of the Interior in
1889.
NOHLE, LOUIS LEGKANI). clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 26, 18i;i, In Lisbon,
N. Y. He was an episcopal clergyman
who held various rectorships successively
in the state of New York; and the author
of Ne-Ma-Nln, nn Indian story In verse;
The Course of Empire, a work relating to
the artist Cole; The Lady Angellne, and
Other Poems; and A Voyage to the Arctic
Seas. He died Feb. 6, 1SH2, In Ionia, Mich.
NOBLE, PATRICK, lawyer, state sen
ator, governor, was born In 1787 In Abbe
ville district, S. C. lie was a state repre
sentative from South Carolina In 1812;
was speaker from 1818 to 1824, and again
from 1832. In 1836 he was president of
the state senate, and was governor from
IX;i8 to 1810. He died April 7, 1840, 111
Abbeville, S. C.
NOBLIO, THOMAS SATTERWII ITE,
artist, was born May 29, 1835, In Lexing
ton, Ky. lie studied art In Paris, and has
attained success as a painter of history,
genre and portraiture. In 1865 lie exhibit
ed his first important canvas, The Slav
Market; In 1866 he exhibited Margaret,
Garner, a tragedy from real life; and in
1867 he painted The Price of Blood, a
successful picture depleting slave life. In
1868 he was elected to fill the chair of
fine arts in the university of Cincinnati,
the art department of which Institution In
1884 was transferred to the Clnclnnaii
Museum association, of which Mr. Noble
is still the presiding olllcer. Other of his
works are: John Brown; Wltchill; For
given; and other subject pictures; and in
principal porlralts are of Joseph Lour
worth, Reuben R. Springer, Col. George
Ward Nichols, David Slnton, and others.
NOBLE, WARREN P., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born June 14, 1820, near Berwick,
I'a. ll<> received the rudiments of hi;; '•<!
ucatlon In the public schools of Ohio, and
graduated from the academy of John
McGreggor in Wadsworth, Ohio. Ho then
taught In the public schools of Fostorla,
and had for his pupils Hon. Charles Fos
ter, Judge Lawrence and Judge Caploo.
Since 1843 he has been engaged In I lie
practice of law, and has become one of
the foremost lawyers of Ohio at Tlllln.
He served two terms In the house ol rep
resentatlves of Ohio, and was twice elect
ed prosecuting attorney of his county.
During 1861-65 he served with distinction
as a member of congress. Ho was on<- ol
the organizers of the Ohio State univer
sity; was a director ol tin- railroad
from Tiffin to Toledo; and I'm- many
years was president of the Commercial
bank of Tiffin, of which he Is now vice-
president.
NOBLE, WILLIAM H., state legislator,
congressman, was born In 1788 In Now
York. He served throe years In tho as
sembly of that state from Caynga county,
and was a representative In congress
from New York from 1837 to 1839. He
died Feb. 5, 1850, in Rochester.
NOEL, EDMOND FAVOR, lawyer, leg
islator, was born March 4, 1856, near Lex
ington, Miss. During 1882-84 ho was a
member of the Mississippi state legisla
ture; and In 1896 be was elected a mem
ber of the state senate for four years. He
Is an able lawyer of Lexington, Miss., and
during 1887-91 served with distinction as
district attorney.
NOELL, JOHN W., lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Feb. 1C, 1816,
In Bradford county, Va. Hi' served four
years In tho state senate of Missouri. In
1858 he was elected a representative from
Missouri to the thirty-sixth congress, and
was re-elected to tho thirty-seventh anil
thirty-eighth congresses. He died March
14, 1863, In Washington.
NOELL, THOMAS E., .soldier, luwyor.
congressman, was horn April 3, IH3U, In
I'errys Illo. Mo. He was elected a ropro-
Mlssourl to Hie Ihlrty-
allil re elected In tile for
H<
Oct. 3. 1867, 111
tentative from
ninth congress,
lii-lli congress.
St. Louis.
NOKES, SYLVESTER !)., soldlor, farm
er, politician, WHS born Fob. II. 1K3&, In
Franklin county, N. Y. In 1862 ho enlist
ed In company 10.
inn- hundred and
nineteenth llhtmi-
volunteer Infantry;
he WHS mil In i'il 111
as second lieutenant,
and was subsequent
ly promoted to cap-
lain, lie Is a suc
cessful farmer of
Brown county, III.;
Is prominent In UK*
political affairs o f
his county and sluto;
and ii.i nii'ii .'i number of Important pub
lie offices.
NOLAN, DANIEL M.. merchant, poet,
was born June 17, 1842, In Ireland. Hi'
emigrated to America. In 1865, and Is now
a successful merchant of I laverhlll, Mass.,
and Is known In New England as the (Iro-
ccr-Poet. Ho has written extensively
both prose and verso to I he periodical
lire: s, and Is the aiithoi' of a volume of
his collected poems, which contain wit,
humor and pathos.
NOLAN, MICHAEL N., manufacturer,
congressman, was born In May, 1834, In
Ireland. He was elected mayor of the city
of Albany, N. Y., In 1878, re-elected In 1880,
and again re-olocted In 1882, while s«rv-
Ing as a member of oonurosH. lie was
elected to Hie forty-seventh congress
as a demon at .
NOLEN, JAMES THEODORE, educat
or, college president, was born April 22,
1863, In Franklin, N. C. He attended tho
Emory and Henry college, Virginia, and
the Vandcrbllf university of Nashville,
Tenn. This successful educator has boon
principal of the Wlllislou academy, Ton-
noHsoo, and Is now president, of the Flori
da Conference college of Lccsburg, Fla.
NOON, ALON/O ARTHUR, railroad
president, was horn Juno 28, 1837, In
Kill-land. He has been president of tllo
Salt Lake and Morcur Railroad company
since its organization,
NOONAN, GEORGE II., lawyer, Jurist,
congressman, was born Iti New Jersey. Ho
practiced law In Texas until elected judgn
of tho district court In 1862, and has held
the office of Judge continuously from that
time to tho present. Ho watt elected to*
tlio fifty-fourth congress as a republican.
NOHCROKH, AMAHA, lawyer, stale sen
ator, congressman, was born Jan. 26, 1824,
In Kludge, N. II. Ho was a member of tho
Massachusetts house of representatives In
I8.r,s, 185!) and 1862; was assessor of Inter
nal revenue from 1862 to 1873, and was
mayor of Fltohburg In 1873 and 1874. He
was a stato senator In 1874; atul was
elected a representative from Massachu
setts to tho forty-fifth, forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses as a republican.
He Is president of the Fltchbnrg Mutual
Flro Insurance, company and other Insti
tutions.
€96
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
NORDHEIMER, ISAAC, educator, au
thor, was born in 1809 in Germany. He
was an educator of New York city, and in
structor in sacred literature at Union The
ological seminary in 1838-42. He was the
author of Hebrew Grammar; and Gram
matical Analysis of Select Portions of
Scripture. He died Nov. 3, 1842, in New
York city.
NORDHOFF, CHARLES, journalist, au
thor, was born Aug. 31, 1830, in Prussia.
He is a journalist of New York city, and
the author of Man-of-War Life; The Mer
chant Vessel; Whaling and Fishing; Man-
of-War Yarns; Cape Cod and All Along
Shore; Peninsular California; Northern
California; Secession Is Rebellion; Com
munistic Societies of the Linited States;
Politics for Y'oung Americans; and God
and the Future Life.
NORMAN, BENJAMIN MOORE, au
thor, was born Dec. 22, 1809, in Hudson,
N. Y. He was a bookseller of New Or
leans, and the author of Rambles in Yu
catan; New Orleans and Its Environs;
and Rambles by Land and Water. He
died Feb. 1, 1860, near Summit, Miss.
NORMAN, HENRY, journalist, author,
was born in 1858 in Massachusetts. He is
a journalist of prominence, and the au
thor of The Peoples and Politics of the
Far East; and The Real Japan.
NORRIS, ALEXANDER WILSON, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, state senator. He
served in the civil war and attained the
rank of captain. In 1881 he was elected
to the Pennsylvania state senate.
NORRIS, BASIL, soldier, surgeon, was
born March 9, 1828, in Montgomery coun
ty, Md. He was physician to the execu
tive mansion during the terms of office of
Andrew Johnson and General Grant, and
was medical officer in charge of all the
sick of the regular army in Washington,
D. C., during 1863-84. He is the author of
papers on Dislocation of the Astragalus;
Extirpation of the Entire Tongue; Per
sonal Experience with Mad Dogs; and
other surgical papers of value.
NORRIS, BENJAMIN W., congressman,
was born in 1819 in Kennebeck county,
Maine. He was appointed a paymaster.
He was elected a representative from Ala
bama to the fortieth congress as a re
publican. He died Jan. 27, 1873, in Mont
gomery.
NORRIS, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
physician, author, was born Nov. 6, 1808,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a Philadel
phia physician, and the author of Con
tributions to Practical Surgery; and
Early History of Medicine in Philadel
phia. He died March 4, 1875, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
NORRIS, ISAAC, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, was born July 21, 1671, in Eng
land. He was in the assembly for many
years; speaker of the house in 1712, and
justice for Philadelphia for many years.
He died June 4, 1735, in Philadelphia.
NORRIS, ISAAC, statesman, was born
Oct. 2, 170], in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1851
he was elected speaker of the assembly,
and held that office for fifteen years. In
the first year of his administration the
old state house bell was ordered from
England, and he proposed the inscription:
Proclaim liberty throughout, the land unto
all the inhabitants thereof. He died June
13, 1766, near Philadelphia, Pa.
NORRIS. JOHN, merchant, state sena
tor, philanthropist, was born June 10,
1748, in Salem, Mass. He was a member
of the Massachusetts senate. He was one
of the founders of Andover Theologi
cal seminary and a large contributor to
benevolent and religious enterprises. He
died Dec. 22, 1808, in Salem, Mass.
NORRIS, JOHN SAMUEL, clergyman,
poet, was born Dec. 4, 1844, in England.
He has filled pastorates in the Christian
churches of Rochester, N. Y., and many of
the western states. He is the author of a
work entitled Songs of the Soul.
NORRIS, MOSES, lawyer, congressman,
United States senator, was born Nov. 8,
1799, in Pittsfield, N. H. In 1839 he was
elected to the New Hampshire state legis
lature, and in 1840 was speaker of the
house; and in 1841 was elected a member
of the state council. In 1843 he was elect
ed a representative in congress, where he
continued four years. In 1847 he was
again a member of the legislature, and
speaker, and while serving in that capaci
ty was elected a senator in congress, serv
ing from 1849 to 1855. He died Jan. 11,
1855, in Washington, D. C.
NORRIS, THADDEUS, author, was
born Aug. 15, 1811, in Warrentown, Va.
He was a Philadelphia business man who
wrote much on sporting topics, and was
the author of American Angler's Book;
and American Fish Culture. He died
April 10, 1877, in Philadelphia, Pa.
NORRIS, WILLIAM FISHER, physi
cian, author, was born Jan. 6, 1839, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He has served as as
sistant surgeon in the United States army
with the rank of captain. For many
years he has been professor of ophthal
mology in the universiiy of Pennsylvania,
and is the author of a text-book on that
subject.
NORTH, CHARLES HAMILTON, mer
chant, was born April 8, 1832, in Thomas-
ville, Ga. His youth was passed in West
Windsor, Vt. He at
tended the common
schools and subse
quently entered the
French academy of
Waltham, Mass. For
many years he was
engaged in mercan-
tile pursuits, and in
1867 built the pack
ing house in Somer-
ville, Mass. He is
the founder of the
North Packing and
Provision company of Somerville, Mass.,
and a director in several business cor-
Dorations.
NORTH, EDWARD, educator, was born
March 9, 1820, in Berlin, Conn. For forty
years he has been the necrologist of Ham
ilton, and since 1881 has been a trustee of
that college. He was president of the New
York State Teachers' association in 1865.
NORTH, ELISHA, physician, author,
was born Jan. 8, 1771, in Goshen, Conn.
He was a physician of New London, Conn.,
and the author of Treatise on Spotted
Fever; Outlines of the Science of Life;
and Unqle Toby's Pilgrim's Progress in
Phrenology. He died Dec. 29, 1843, in
New London, Conn.
NORTH, u^HN W., lawyer, jurist. He
was appointed an associate justice of the
United States court for the district of
Nevada, residing at Carson City.
NORTH, SIMEON, clergyman, educator,
\\iis born Sept. 7, 1802, in Berlin, Conn.
He became professor of Greek and Latin
at Hamilton college, held office for ten
years, and from 1839 until his resignation
in 1857 was president of the college. He
was ordained to the ministry of the con
gregational church in 1842. He died Feb.
12, 1884, in Clinton, N. Y.
NORTH, WILLIAM, soldier, United
States senator, was born in 1755 in Fort
Frederick, Maine. He was aid to Baron
Steuben in the revolutionary war, and
afterward appointed adjutant-general. He
was a senator in congress from New York,
by appointment, in 1798, to fill a vacancy.
He died Jan. 3, 1836, in New York city.
NORTHCUT, HOSEA ALLEN, evangel
ist, was born Nov. 13, 1843, in Hannibal,
Mo. In 1864 he was elected an elder of
the church at Millport, Mo., and has at
tained success as a general evangelist of
the Christian church, and it is said that
over twenty thousand have been convert
ed under his ministry in the United States
and Canada.
NORTHCUTT, WILLIAM A., lawyer,
lieutenant-governor, was born in Mur-
freesboro, Tenn. He taught school for
a while, and was admitted to the bar in
1887. Two years later he moved to Illi
nois; in 1882 was elected state's attorney
of Bond county, and was re-elected in
1884 and in 1888. In 1890 he was elected
head consul of the Modern Woodmen of
America, to which position he has been
twice unanimously re-elected. In 1892
he was a republican candidate for con
gress, and in 1896 he was elected lieuten
ant-governor of Illinois.
NORTHEND, CHARLES, educator, au
thor, was born April 2, 1814, in Newbury,
Mass. He was a prominent educator of
Connecticut, and the author of Teacher
and Parent; Teachers' Associations; An
nals of American Institutes of Instruc
tion; and Life of Elihu Burritt. He died
in 1895.
NORTHEND, WILLIAM DUMMER,
lawyer, author, was born Feb. 26, 1823, in
Newbury, Mass.% He is a lawyer of Sa
lem, Mass., and" the author of Speeches
and Essays on Political Subjects; and The
Bay Colony.
NORTHERN, WILLIAM J., state sena
tor, governor, was born July 9, 1835, in
Jones county, Ga. He was a member of
the Georgia legislature in 1877 and 1878;
in 1880-81 he was a member of the state
senate, and in 1890 was elected governor
of Georgia.
NORTHROP, BIRDSEY; GRANT, edu
cator, author, was born in 1817 in Con
necticut. He is a prominent Connecticut
educator, secretary of the state board of
education in 1869-82; and the author of
Education Abroad; Rural Improvement;
and Tree-Planting.
NORTHROP, CYRUS, educator, college
president, was born Sept. 30, 1834, in
Ridgefield, Conn. In 1861-63 he was clerk,
first of the Connecticut house of repre
sentatives, and then of the senate. He
was professor of rhetoric and English lit
erature in Yale from 1863 till 1884, when
he became president of the university of
Minnesota.
NORTHROP, HARRY PINCKNEY,
Roman catholic bishop, was born May 5,
3842, in Charleston, S. C. He was raised
to the episcopate in 1882, as vicar-apostol
ic of North Carolina, receiving the title
of Bishop of Rosalia.
NORTHRUP, ANSEL JUDD, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born June 30, 1833, in
Smithfield, N. Y. In 1870 he was ap
pointed United States circuit court com
missioner, and soon afterward became
United States examiner in equity. During
1882-94 he was county judge of Onondaga,
N. Y. He is the author of Camps and
Tramps in the Adirondaeks; and Sconset
Cottage Life, a Summer on Nantucket
Island.
NORTHRUP, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
clergyman, educator, was born Oct. 15,
1826, in Antwerp, N. Y. In 1858 he was
called to the professorship of church his
tory in the Rochester seminary, and in
1867 he became president of Chicago Bap
tist Theological seminary; Morgan Park.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
697
NORTHWAY, STEPHEN A., lawyer,
congressman, was born June 19, 1833, in
Christian Hollow, N. Y. In 1861 he was
elected prosecuting
attorney and located
in Jefferson, Ohio,
where he resided and
practiced law until
his death. In 1863 he
was re-elected prose
cuting attorney. In
1865 he was elected
to the state house of
representatives and
served two years. He
was elected to the
fifty-third congress;
was elected to the fifty-fourth and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican. He died Sept. 8, 1898, in Jeffer
son, Ohio.
NORTON, ANDREWS, educator, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 31, 1786, in
Hingham, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Cambridge, professor of sa
cred literature in Harvard university in
1819-30; and prominent among conserva
tive theologians of his faith. He was the
author of Historical Evidences of the
Genuineness of the Gospels; Internal Evi
dences of the Genuineness of the Gospels;
Tracts Concerning Christianity; and Rea
sons for Not Believing the Doctrines of
the Trinitarians. He died Sept. 18, 1852, in
Newport, R. I.
NORTON, AUGUSTUS THEODORE,
clergyman, author, was born March 28,
1808, in Cornwall, Conn. He was a pres-
byterian clergyman of Alton, 111., and the
author of a History of the Presbyterian
Church in Illinois. He died April 29, 1884,
in Alton, 111.
NORTON, CHARLES ELIOT, educator,
author, was born Nov. 16, 1827, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He is a distinguished
Dante scholar and a high authority on
the history of art, and since 1875 profes
sor of the history of art in Harvard uni
versity. He has edited the Letters of J.
R. Lowell; the Writings of G. W. Curtis;
the Goethe and Carlyle Correspondence;
the Letters of Carlyle; and has translated
Dante's Vita Nuova and Divina Corn-
media. His other works include, Histori
cal Studies of Church-Building in the Mid
dle Ages; Notes of Travel and Study In
Italy; and Considerations of Some Recent
Social Theories.
NORTON, CHARLES LBDYARD, jour
nalist, author, was born June 11, 1837, in
Farmingtou, Conn. He is a journalist of
New York city; since 1893 editor of Out
ing; and the author of Handbook of Flor
ida; Political Americanisms; Jack Ben
son's Log; and A Medal of Honor Man, a
Jbook for boys.
NORTON, DANIEL SHELDON, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, United States sen
ator, was born April 12, 1829, in Mount
Vernon. Ohio. In 1857 he was elected to
the Minnesota state senate, declining re
election in 1859; and was again re-elected
in 1860, and also in 1863 and 1864, having
been a member of the state house of rep
resentatives in 1862. In 1865 he took his
seat as a senator in congress from Minne
sota for the term ending in 1871. He died
July 14, 1870, in Washington, D. C.
NORTON, EBENEZER F., state legis
lator, congressman, was born in New
York. He served in the state assembly
from Erie county in 1823; and was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1829 to 1831.
NORTON, ELIJAH H., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 24, 1821, in
Logan county, Ky. In 1852 he was chosen
a judge of the circuit court of Missouri;
and was re-elected to the same position in
1857. After resigning the judgeship in
1860 he was elected a representative from
Missouri to the thirty-seventh congress.
NORTON, FRANK HENRY, journalist,
author, was born March 20, 1836, in Hing
ham, Mass. He is a journalist of New
York city, and the author of Lives of
General Hancock, Alexander Stephens;
and Daniel Boone, a romance.
NORTON, FREDERICK CALVIN, jour
nalist, author, was born March 24, 1873,
in Guilford, Conn. He received a liberal
education, and has since been engaged in
journalism. He is the editor of the Echo
of Guilford, Conn.; and the author of The
History of Christ Church; Lives of the
Governors of Connecticut; and other
works.
NORTON, GEORGE HABLEY, clergy
man, author, was born May 7, 1824, in
Ontario county, N. Y. He was an epis
copal clergyman of Alexandria, Va., who
published Inquiry into the Nature and
H)xtent of the Holy Catholic Church. He
died in 1893.
NORTON, GEORGE PIERCE, lawyer,
was born Nov. 19, j.872, in Dover, N. H.
He graduated from the law department of
the Columbia college of New York city;
and has attained success as an able law
yer of Kansas City, Mo.
NORTON, HERMAN, evangelist, au
thor, was born July 2, 1799, in New Hart
ford, N. Y. He was a presbyterian evan
gelist in New York state, and the author
of The Christian and Deist in Contrast;
Signs of Danger and Promise; and Start
ling Facts lor American Protestants. He
died Nov. 20, 1850, in Hartford, N. Y.
NORTON, JAMES, educator, jurist,
public official, was born Sept. 9, 1833, in
Hiram, Ohio. He was the son of a car
penter, and was dis
abled by an accident
in 1845. In 1851 he
began school teach
ing at Hiram, Ohio,
the same term as did
James A. Garfleld.
After teaching
school for feeveral
years he was elected
county recorder of
Portage county in
1861; was re-elected
and served six years
in all, residing in the county seat of Ra
venna. In 1867 he returned to Garretts-
ville, which has ever since been his home.
He was one of the founders of a bank
in Garrettsville, and was its cashier. He
subsequently became superintendent of
the Garrettsville schools; was mayor of
his city two terms; has been a member
of the board of education for seven terms
of three years each; was clerk of the
board for twenty
years; and for many
terms served wuh
distinction as a jus
tice of the peace.
His son, James Ed
gar, was born March
18, 1866, in Ravenna.
Ohio. In 1873 he
commenced h i s
course in the Gar
rettsville schools
and completed the
course when sixteen
years old. The subject of his oration at
graduation was The Heirs of the Ages;
suggested by Tennyson's Poets of Locks
Hall. In 1884 he was examined by the
county board of school examiners and re
ceived a certificate for three years. As
he was hastening to his rooms in the
Garfield House he slipped and fell against
the east corner of the upper step, and
died from his injuries on May 3, 1887.
Hi V
NORTON, JAMES, farmer, legislator,
member of congress, was born Oct. 8,
1843, in Marion county, S. C. He received
the rudiments of his education in the com
mon schools, and graduated from the
Crouchatow academy. In 1870-72 he was
school commissioner of his native county;
in 1886-87, and 1890-92 he served with
distinction as a member of the South
Carolina house of representatives; and in
1894 was elected comptroller general of
his state, receiving the re-election in 1896.
In 1897 he resigned that position to serve
in the fifty-fifth congress of the United
States. He is a successful farmer pf Mul-
lins, S. C.
NORTON, JAMES ALBERT, soldier,
physician, lawyer, state legislator, con
gressman, was born Nov. 11, 1843, in Sen
eca county, Ohio. He served six years in
the Ohio house of representatives from
1873 to 1879; and was speaker pro tern-
pore of that body for two years. He was
appointed commissioner of railroads and
telegraphs; and resigned to accept a posi
tion in railroad service. He was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
NORTON, JESSE O., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
Vermont. In 1847 he was a member of
the Illinois state constitutional conven
tion; and was a member of the state leg
islature in 1851 and 1852. He was elected
a representative from Illinois to the thir
ty-third and thirty-fourth congresses. In
1857 he was elected judge of the eleventh
judicial district of Illinois, holding the
office until 1862. In 1863 he was again
elected a representative in congress.
NORTON, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born May 6, 1606, in England. He
was a puritan clergyman who came to
New England in 1635, and in 1653 suc
ceeded John Cotton as teacher of the
church at Boston. Among his writings
are, The Heart of New England Rent at
the Blasphemies of the Present Genera
tion; and Life of Mr. John Cotton. He
died April 5, 1663, in Boston, Mass.
NORTON, JOHN, clergyman, poet, was
born in 1651, in Ipswich, Mass. He was
a congregational clergyman, pastor of the
church at Hingham in 1678-1716, and is
remembered for his Elegy on Anne Brad-
street, a poem of some force and merit.
He died in 1716.
NORTON, JOHN DUDLEY, lumber
merchant, legislator, was born Dec. 18,
1843, in "Van Buren, N. Y. His early life
was spent on a farm.
Prior to entering
college he attended
the Eldridge acad
emy, and the Cort-
land academy. In
1867 he graduated
from the Hamilton
college of Clinton,
N. Y. He then
moved west and in
1868 became largely
interested in Michi
gan pine lands, and
made Pontiac his home. In 1874 and io.6
he was elected on the democratic ticket
from Oakland county to the Michigan
state legislature. In 1876 he was a dele
gate to the national democratic conven
tion; subsequently was a candidate for
state treasurer; and always took an
active part in political affairs. He was
a charter member of the First National
bank, now known as the First Commer
cial bank of Pontiac. From 1S83 he was
the treasurer of the Eastern Michigan
Insane Asylum; and was a strong finan
cial supporter of the Michigan Military
academy of Orchard Lake. He died March
21, 1895.
€98
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
NORTON. JOHN NICHOLAS, clergy
man, author, was born in 1820, in Water
loo, N. Y. He was an episcopal clergyman
of Louisville, among whose many works
are, Lives of Bishops Wluie, Seabury.
Bowen, Freeman, Provost, Stewart, Wil
son, Claggett, Henshaw; Short Sermons
for Families; The King's Ferry Boat; and
Lives of Washington, Franklin, Bishop
Berkeley, Archbishop Cranmer. He died
Jan. 18, 1881, in Louisville, Ky.
NORTON, JOHN PITKIN, educator,
chemist, was born July 19, 1822, in Al
bany, N. Y. He was made first professor
of agricultural chemistry and of vege
table and animal physiology in Yale; and
entered on the active duties of his chair
in the autumn of 1847, and continued
there until his death. He died Sept. 5,
1852, in Farmington, Conn.
NORTON, MRS. MINERVA [BRACE],
author, was born in 1837 in New York.
She is an educator of Beloit, Wis., and
the author of In and Around Berlin; and
Service in the King's Gardens.
NORTON, NELSON I., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
March 30, 1829, in Cattaraugus county,
N. Y. He was appointed a justice of the
peace; was six years a county assessor;
and five years a county supervisor. He
was elected to the New York state legis
lature in 1861; and was a presidential
elector in 1872; and in 1875 was elected
a representative from New York to the
forty-fourth congress to fill a vacancy:
NORTON, RICHARD HENRY, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 6, 1849, in
Troy, Mo. He has practiced law since
1870 in Troy, Mo. He was elected to the
fifty-first congress, and re-elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat.
NORTON, S. F., journalist. He is one
of the oldest and ablest editors in the
west; and the founder of the Chicago
Sentinel.
NORTON, SIDNEY AUGUSTUS, edu
cator, author, was born Jan. 11, 1835, in
Bloomfield, Ohio. He is a scientist who
has been professor of chemistry in Ohio
university from 1873; and is the author
of Elements of Natural Philosophy; Ele
ments of Physics; Elements of Inorganic
Chemistry; and Organic Chemistry.
NORTON, THOMAS HERBERT, scien
tist, author, was born June 30, 1851, in
Rushford, N. Y. During 1878-Sd he was
manager of chemical works in Paris,
France; and since 1883 has filled the chair
of chemistry in the university of Cin
cinnati. He is the author of numerous
•researches in chemistry.
NORTON, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 25, 1810, in
East Bloomfield, N. Y. He was a profes-
. sor of civil engineer
ing in Sheffield Sci
entific school, Yale
university, from
1852. He was the
author of Elemen
tary Treatise on As
tronomy; and First
Hook of Natural
Philosophy and As
tronomy. His con
tributions to current
publications on sci
entific subjects were
highly valued. He' died Sept. 21, 1883, in
New Haven, Conn.
NORTON, WILLIAM HARMON, geol
ogist, author, was born April 3, 1856, in
Willoughby, Ohio. He is now special as
sistant of the Iowa state geological sur
vey. He is the author of Artesian Wells
of Iowa; and has written several scien
tific papers on geology and paleontology.
NORVAL, THEOPHILUS L., lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born Aug. 26,
1847, in Fulton county, 111. In 1879 he
was elected to the Nebraska state senate.
In 1883 he was appointed judge of the
sixth judicial district to fill a vacancy,
and filled that office continuously until
elected in 1889 a judge of the supreme
court. He has also held that office con
tinuously since, serving one term as chief
justice; and was re-elected in 1895 for tne
term expiring in 1902.
NORVELL, JOHN, journalist, state sen
ator, was born in I'i90, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was the editor of a newspaper in
Philadelphia; and was subsequently ap
pointed postmaster of Detroit, Mich.
Having become identified with the terri
tory of Michigan, he became one of the
senators in congress from the new state,
serving in that capacity from 1835 to 1841.
He died April 11, ISoO, in Detroit, Mich.
NORWOOD, 'HAL L.. lawyer, was born
in 1871. He was admitted to the bar in
1893, and has attained success as a rising
lawyer of Lockesburg, Ark., and has filled
several positions of honor.
NORWOOD, THOMAS MANSON, law
yer, United States senator, congressman,
was born April 26, 1830, in Talbot county,
Ga. He studied law
and was admitted to
the bar in 1852. He
moved to Savannah
in 1852; and was a
member of the Geor-
|» gia legislature in
I 1861 and 1862. HP
was a presidential
elector in 1868; and
was elected to the
United States senate
in 1871 for the term
ending in 1877, serv
ing on the committees on pensions, trans
portation, land claims, and revolutionary
claims. In 1884 he was elected a repre
sentative from Georgia to the forty-ninth
congress; and was re-elected to the fifti
eth congress as a democrat.
NORWOOD, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
was born April 15, 1843, in Ireland. He
emigrated with his parents to the United
States in 1846; and received his education
in Cincinnati and Eaton, Ohio. During
1881-65 he served gallantly as a soldier
in the union army, and is now a promi
nent lawyer of Pittsburg, Pa.
NOTHOMB, HENRY ED, educator,
poet, was born Oct. 10, 1865, near Rock-
ford, 111. He graduated in 1887 from the
Iowa State normal
school of Cedar
Falls, with the de
grees of Bachelor of
Science and Bach
elor of Didactics. He
has attained success
as an educator, and
has been professor
of rhetoric, litera
ture and oratory in
the Iowa institutes
and the schools of
Illinois. He is the
author of a number of meritorious
poems which have appeared in Poets of
America and other standard collections.
NOTT, ABRAHAM, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1768, in Saybrook,
Conn. In 1794 he settled on the Pacolet
river, S. C., and continued the practice of
his profession. He was a representative
in congress from 1799 to 1801, when he
was elected a judge of the court of ap
peals, and judge of the superior court.
He died June 18, 1830, in Fairfield, S. C.
NOTT, CHARLES COOPER, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Sept. 16, 1827, in
Schenectady, N. Y. He served as a cap
tain of cavalry and also lieutenant-colonel
and colonel of New York volunteers dur
ing the rebellion. In 1865 he was ap
pointed one of the judges of the court of
claims in Washington.
NOTT, EDWARD, governor, was born
in 1657. He was governor of Virginia
from 17C5 until his death. He died Aug.
23, 1706, in Williamsburg, Va.
NOTT, ELIPHALET, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born June 25,.
1773, in Ashford, Conn. He was a pres-
byterian clergyman
of note; and presi
dent of Union col
lege in 1804-66, be
ing president for
nearly sixty years.
As a pulpit orator
he will retain his
celebrity by his ser
mon on the death of
Alexander Hamil
ton. He was the au
thor of Counsels to.
Young Men; and
Lectures on Temperance. He died Jan.
29, 1866, in Schenectady, N. Y.
NOTT, JOSIAH CLARK, physician, au
thor, was born March 24, 1604, in Co
lumbia, S. C. He was a physician of Mo
bile, who wrote The Physical History of
the Jewish Race, and was co-author with.
Gliddon of the once famous Types of
Mankind; and of Indigenous Races of the
Earth. He died March 31, 1873, in Mobile
Ala.
NOTT, SAMUEL, clergyman, educator,
was born Jan. 23, 1754, in Saybrook, Conn.
In 1781 he became pastor of the congrega
tional church in Franklin, Conn., where
he continued until his death, a period of
seventy-one years. He died May 26, 1852,
in Franklin, Conn.
NOTT, SAMUEL, missionary, author,
was born Sept. 11, 1788, in Franklin,
Conn. He was pastor successively of
churches in Galway, N. Y., and Wareham,
Mass., and established at the latter place
in 1849 a private academy, which he con
ducted successfully for seventeen years.
His publications include Sixteen Years'
Preaching and Procedure at Wareham;
and Slavery and the Remedy. He died
June 1, 1869, in Hartford, Conn.
NOURSE, AMOS, physician, educator,
United States senator, was born Dec. 17,
1794, in Bolton, Mass. He was a medical
lecturer at Bowdoiu college from 1846
to 1854; and medical professor since 1854.
He was also postmaster of Hallowell,
Maine; and collector of customs at Bath.
He was a senator in congress from Maine
from January to March in 1857. He died
April 17, 1877, in Bath, Maine.
NOURSE, JAMES DUNCAN, journalist,
author, was born Sept. 26, 1817, in Bards-
town, Ky. He was a journalist of St.
Louis, ana the author of The Forest
Knight, a novel; Leavenworth, a story of
the Mississippi; and God in History. He
died June 1, 1854, in St. Louis, Mo.
NOURSE, JOSEPH, soldier, public of
ficial, was born July 16, 1754, in England.
He entered the revolutionary army in
1776, as secretary to General Charles Lee;
was clerk and auditor of the board of war
from 1777 until appointed assistant audi
tor-general in 1781; and was register of
the United States treasury from 1789 to-
1829. He was a vice-president of the
American Bible society. He died Sept. 1,
1841, in Georgetown, D. C.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
69»
NOURSE, JOSEPH EVERETT, edu
cator, author, was born April 17, 1819, in
Washington, D. C. He was a professor in
the naval academy in 1850-81; and the
author of Astronomical and Meteorolog
ical Observations; and American Explor
ations in the Ice Zones.
NOVELL, WINSLOW A., journalist,
manufacturer, public official, was born
Jan. 31, 1840, in Portsmouth, N. H. He
was an alderman of Milwaukee, Wis., in
1872; commissioner of public works in
1873-76; and postmaster of Milwaukee
during 1889-93. For many years he has
been chief clerk of tue assembly of the
Wisconsin state legislature.
NOVY, FREDERICK GEORGE, edu
cator, author, was born Dec. 9, 1864, in
Chicago, 111. He fills the chair of hygiene
and physiological chemistry in the uni
versity of Michigan. He is the author of
works on bacteriology, physiological
chemistry, and has contributed valuable
papers to American and foreign journals.
NOWLIN, SAMUEL HENRY, soldier,
journalist, public official, was born April
11, 1844, in Stewartsville, Va. At the age
of seventeen he entered the confederate
army, and served through the entire war.
For three terms he was a mayor of Salem,
Va., in which city he conducted a drug
business for ten years. In 1877 he moved
to Arkansas; was commissioner in charge
of state exhibits made by Arkansas at the
Louisville exposition of 1883; was general
manager of the State exposition at Lit
tle Rock in 1887; and during 1884-88 he
was state statistician for the United
States department of agriculture. He was
the founder of tne American Horticultural
society in 1879-80; and during 1894-98 was
president of the Arkansas State Horticul
tural society. In 18/8-82 he edited Spirit
of Arkansas; edited the Rural Southwest
in 1882-85; edited the Arkansas Farmer
in 1889-94; and since 1894 has been en
gaged in encyclopedic work.
NOYES, ARTHUR AMES, educator, au
thor, was born in 1865 in Massachusetts.
He is a professor of chemistry in the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
who has published a treatise on Qualita
tive Chemical Analysis.
NOYES, CHARLES HENRY, lawyer,
author, poet, was born in 1849 in Michi
gan. He is a lawyer and poet of Warren,
Pa., who has published Studies in Verse.
NOYES, CROSBY STUART, journal
ist, was born Feb. lo, 1825, in Minot,
Maine. In 1867 he uecame editor-in-chief
of the Washington Star, wnich position
he still fills.
NOYES, EDWARD FOLLENSBEE, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, governor, was born
Oct. 3, 1832, in Haverhill, Mass. In 1861
he entered the union army as major of the
thirty-ninth regiment Onio volunteer in
fantry; and was subsequently brevetted
a brigadier-general. In 1867 he was elect
ed probate judge of Hamilton county,
Ohio, for a term of three years. In 1871
he was elected governor of Ohio. In 1877
he was appointed envoy extraordinary
and minister plenipotentiary of the
United States to r ranee. He died Sept.
4, 1890, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
NOYES, GEORGE RAPALL, clergy
man, author, was born March 6, 1798, in
Newburyport, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman, eminent as a biblical scholar,
and professor of Hebrew in Harvard uni
versity since 1840. He published trans
lations with notes of the Psalms, Job, Ec-
clesiastes, Canticles, the Prophets, and
Proverbs; and a translation of the New
Testament. He died June 3, 1868, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
NOYES, HENRY DRURY, ophthalmol
ogist, author, was born in 1832 in New
York. He is an ophthalmologist of New
York city; and the author of Treatise on
Diseases of the Eye; and Text Book on
Diseases of the Eye.
NOYES, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born in 1608, in England. He was a
puritan clergyman of Newbury, Mass.,
pastor of the church there in 1635-56, and
the author of The Temple Measured; and
Moses and Aaron, or the Rights of Church
and State. He died Oct. 22, 1656, in New
bury, Mass.
NOYES, JAMES OSCAR, physician,
journalist, author, was born June 14, 1829,
in Niles, N. Y. He was a physician and
journalist of New Orleans, and the author
of Roumania; ana The Gypsies: their
History, Origin, and Manner of Life. He
died Sept. 11, 1872, in New Orleans, La.
NOYES, JOHN, congressman, was born
in 1763. He was elected a representative
in congress from Vermont from 1815 to
1817. He died in 1841.
NOYES, JOHN HUMPHREY, author,
was born Sept. 6, 1811, in Brattleborough,
Vt. He was a noted religionist who
founded the Oneida community, and other
associations of socialists. He was the
author of The Second Coming of Christ;
Salvation from Sin the End of Christian
Faith; History of American Social
isms; and House Talks. He died April
13, 1886, in Niagara Falls, Canada.
NOYES, JOSEPH C., merchant, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1798,
in Portland, Maine. He was a member
of the state legislature in 1833; and a rep
resentative in congress from Maine from
1837 to 1839. He was collector of the
Passamaquoddy district from 1841 to 1843;
and was subsequently treasurer of a Port
land savings bank. He died July 21, 1868,
in Portland, Maine.
NOYES, STEPHEN BUTTERICK, lib
rarian, was born Aug. 28, 1833, in Brook-
field, Mass. In 1857 he was in charge of
the Athenaeum library, out of which grew
the Mercantile library, and subsequently
the Brooklyn library. He was congres
sional librarian in Washington in 1866-68,
but in the next year returned to his post
at the Brooklyn library, where he labored
for ten years in the preparation of its
catalogue. He died March 8, 1885, in
Deland, Fla.
NOYES, WILLIAM ALBERT, educator,
author, was born Nov. 6, 1857, in Inde
pendence, Iowa. He has filled the chair
of chemistry in the university of Ten
nessee, and since 1896 in the Rose Poly
technic institute of Terre Haute, Ind.
He is the author of a work entitled Quali
tative Analysis, and another entitled Or
ganic Chemistry for the Laboratory.
NUCKOLLS, STEPHEN F., merchant,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Aug. 16, 1825, in Grayson county, Va. He
was one of the founders of Nebraska
City; and was a member of the legisla
ture in 1859. In i860 he went to Colo
rado territory, and engaged in mining.
From 1864 to 1867 he resided in New York
city. He settled in Cheyenne, Wyoming
territory, in 1867; and upon the organiza
tion of Wyoming territory in 1869 he was
elected a delegate to the forty-first con
gress.
NUCKOLLS, WILLIAM C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in South Carolina.
He was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1827 to 1833.
NUGEN, ROBERT H., congressman,
was born in 1809, in Wasnington county,
Pa. In 1860 he was elected a representa
tive from Ohio to the thirty-seventh con
gress.
NUNN, DAVID A., state senator, con
gressman, was born July 26, 1832, in Hay-
wood county, Tenn. In 1863 he was elect
ed to the Tennessee state senate; in 1865
to the state house of representatives; and
was elected a representative from Tennes
see to the fortieth and forty-third con
gresses.
NUNNALLY, GUSTAVUS ALONZO,
college president, was born March 24,
1841, in Walton county, oa. From 1890-
93 he was president of Mercer university.
NUTE, AlJONZO, soldier, manufacturer,
state senator, congressman, was born
Feb. 12, 1826, in Milton, N. H. In 1861
he entered the union army iu the sixth
New Hampshire volunteers and served
until incapacitated for duty on the staffs
of Generals Griffin and Rush Hawkins.
He was elected a member of tiie New
Hampshire house of representatives in
1866; and of the state senate for 1867-68.
He was elected to the fifty-first congress
as a republican.
NUTT, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Aug. 5, 1836, in Topsham,
Vt. During the civil war he served with,
distinction and was rapidly promoted un
til he was brevetted colonel of volun
teers. During 1871-72 he served two
terms in the general court of Massachu
setts. He was trial justice of Natick,
Mass., for six years; and is now a suc
cessful lawyer of that city. He has filled
all the important offices in his city and
county in the gift of the people.
NUTTALL, THOMAS, ornithologist, au
thor, was born in 1786 in England. He
was a noted ornithologist and botanist of
English birth, whose life was mainly
spent in the United States, but who re
turned to Englanu in 1842. He was the
author of The Genera of North American
Plants; Travels in Arkansas in 1819; The
North American Sylva; Manual of the
Ornithology of the United States and
Canada. He died in 1859.
NUTTING, NEWTON W., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Oct. 22, 1840,
in Oswego county, N. Y. He was school
commissioner for four years; was district
attorney of Oswego county from 1869 to
1872; and was county judge from Janu
ary, 1878, to March, 1883. He was elected
a representative from New York to the
forty-eighth congress; and was elected
to the fiftieth congress as a republican.
NYE, EDGAR WILSON, journalist, au
thor, was born Aug. 25, 1850, in Shirley,
Maine. He was the author of Bill Nye
and the Boomerang; Forty Liars, and
Other Lies; Baled Hay; Bill Nye's Blos
som Rock; Remarks; Bill Nye's Thinks;
The Cadi, a comedy; Comic History of
the United States; A Guest at the Ludlow,
and Other Stories; and Comic History of
England. He died in 1896.
NYE, JAMES WARREN, lawyer,
United States senator, was born June 10,
1814, in De Ruyter, N. Y. In 1861 he was
appointed governor of Nevada territory,
in which position he continued until the
adoption of the state constitution, when
he was chosen a senator in congress from
the new state for the term commencing in
1865 and ending in 1867. in 1867 he was
re-elected to the senate for the term end
ing in 1873. He died Dec. 25, 1876, in
White Plains, N. Y.
NYE, MORTIMER, lawyer, lieutenant-
governor, was born Nov. 12, 1838, in
Wadsworth, Ohio. He has gained promi
nence as an astute lawyer in La Porte,
Ind., of which city he was mayor for
four terms. In 1884 he was presidential
elector; and four years ending January^
1897, he served with distinction as lieu
tenant-governor of Indiana.
700
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
NYGREN, JOHN L., mechanic, was
born Dec. 20, 1863, in Sweden. He is a
successful mechanic of Tacoma, Wash.;
and the inventor of various improvements
in mechanics.
NYSTROM, JOHN WILLIAM, civil en
gineer, author. He was an engineer in
the United States navy, and the author
of Treatise on Parabolic Construction of
Ships; Technological Education; The
Force of Falling Bodies; Treatise on the
Elements of Mechanics; Newf Treatise on
Steam Engineering; Pocket Book of Me
chanics and Engineering; Principles of
Dynamics; and Treatise on Screw Pro
pellers. He died in 1885.
OADAMS, T. S., clergyman, poet. He
fills a pastorate in the congregational
church of Maquoketa, Iowa; and is the
author of a number of poems, some of
which have been set to music.
OAKES, JAMES, soldier, was born
April 4, 1826, near Limestoneville, Pa.
He was brevetted brigadier-general
United States army in 1865, and commis
sioned colonel in 1866; and in 1879 was
retired from active service.
OAKES, THOMAS FLETCHER, rail
road president, was born July 16, 1843, in
Boston, Mass. In 1893 he became presi
dent of the Northern Pacific railroad.
OAKES, URIAN, clergyman, college
president, poet, was born in 1631 in Eng
land. He was a congregational clergy
man, pastor of the church in Cambridge,
and president of Harvard college in 1675-
81. He is chiefly remembered for his
Elegy upon the Death of Tnomas Shep-
ard, a notable poem in six-lined stanzas;
but his sermons, in point of style, are the
best which were written in America dur
ing the colonial period. He died July 25,
1681, in Cambridge, Mass.
OAKEY, ALEXANDER F., architect,
author, was born in 1850 in New York.
He is an architect of Buffalo, and the au
thor of Building a Home; Home Grounds;
and The Art of Life and the Life of Art.
OAKEY, EMILY SULLIVAN, educator,
author, poet, was born Oct. 8, 1829, in
Albany, N. Y. She was an educator of
Albany, and the author of Dialogues and
Conversations; and At the Foot of Par
nassus, a collection of poems. She died
May 11, 1883, in Albany, N. Y.
OAKLEY, Hh-NRY AUGUSTUS, finan
cier, author, was born Sept. 20, 1827, in
New York city. In 1851 he became secre
tary of the Howard fire insurance com
pany, of which he was subsequently
chosen vice-president, and finally presi
dent, of New York city. He has been a
frequent contributor to the literary press,
and is the author of A Christmas Reverie,
and Other Sketches; Outline of a Course
of English Reading; Historical Sketch of
the Howard Insurance Company; and Ad
dresses as President of the National
Board of Fire Underwriters.
OAKLEY, THOMAS JACKSON, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born in 1783, in
Dutchess county, N. Y. In 1813 he was
elected a representative in congress from
New York, where he continued until 1815.
He was elected a member of the assem
bly; was appointed attorney-general of
the state of New York in 1819; and in
1820 again served in the assemoly. In
1827 he was again elected to congress. In
1828, when the superior court of New
York city was organized, he was' appoint
ed one of its judges; and on the reorgan
ization of the court under the constitution
of 1846, was elected the chief justice, and
continued in that position until his death.
He died May 11, 1857, in New York city.
OAKMAN, WALTER GEORGE, railroad
president, was born May 10, 1845, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He was president of the
Richmond and Danville Railroad com
pany; and of the East Tennessee, Vir
ginia and Georgia Railroad company.
GATES, ALICE, actress, singer, was
born Sept. 22, 1849, in Nashville, Tenn.
She has attained a national reputation
as a noted actress and vocalist. She died
Jan. 10, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
DATES, JAMES WYATT, lawyer, was
born in January, 1850, in Alabama. He
received his education in the Emory and
Henry college, Va.; and is now a leading
attorney of California at Santa Rosa.
During 1876-77 he was major in the Ala
bama state troops. In 1879 he moved to
California; and during 1885-90 was special
United States attorney for California in
charge of timber depredation suits in
volving nearly three million dollars. In
1890 he was the democratic nominee for
superior judge of Sonoma county.
GATES, WILLIAM C., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, governor,
was born Nov. 30, 1835, in Bullock county,
Ala. He was a representative in the Ala
bama state legislature from 1870 to 1872;
and was a member of the state consti
tutional convention of 1875. He was
elected a representative from Alabama to
the forty-seventh, forty-eighth, forty-
ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat. In
1894 he was elected governor of Alabama;
and declined a second term. He now
practices law in Montgomery, Ala.
OBENCHAIN, WILLIAM ALEXAN
DER, college president, was born April
27, 1841. in Buchanan, Va. In 1883 he
was chosen president of Ogden college of
Bowling Green, Ky.
OBER, FREDERICK ALBION, author,
was born Feb. 13, 1849, in Beverly, Mass.
He is a writer of Beverly, Mass., well
known as a traveler, and the author of
Camps in the Caribbees; Young Folks'
History of Mexico; The Silver City;
Travels in Mexico; Mexican Resources
and Guide to Mexico; IViontezuma's Gold
Mines; The Knockabout Club in the An
tilles; The Knockabout Club in the Ever
glades; In the Wake of Columbus; and
Josephine, Empress of the French.
OBERHOLTZER, ELLIS PAXON, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1868 in Penn
sylvania. He is a Philadelphia journalist,
and the author of The Referendum in
America, a Discussion of Law-Making by
Popular \ote.
OBERHOLTZER, SARA LOUISA, re
former, poet, was born May 20, 1841, in
Chester county, Pa. She is the author
of several volumes
of poetical works en-
1 titled Violet Lee;
Come for Arbutus,
Hope's Heart Bells;
Daisies of Verse;
Souvenir of Occa
sions; and other
^^^^^^ works; and has also
contributed exten
sively to magazines
and newspapers. She
has been president
of the Longport
Agassiz Microscopical society; president
of the Soldiers' Aid society; president of
the World's and Nauonal Woman's Chris
tian Temperance union; and superintend
ent of School Savings bank of Pennsyl
vania.
O'BLENESS, HAMILTON CREE, au
thor, poet, was born June 30, 1846, in
Washington county, Ohio. He is the
author of a number of works on philos
ophy and metaphysics.
O'BRIEN, FITZ JAMES, journalist, au
thor, poet, was born in 1828 in Ireland.
He was a brilliant but erratic journalist
of New York city, and the author of
Poems and Stories; The Diamond Lens,
and Other Stories. He died April 6, 1862,
in Cumberland, Md.
O'BRIEN, FRANK P., journalist, was
born Feb. 29, 1844, in Ireland. In 1887 he
was president and general manager of the
Birmingham Herald. He is director of
the Southern Press association; and is
owner of one of the finest theaters in the
south, which bears his name.
O'BRIEN, JAMKS, state senator, con
gressman, was born March 13, 1841, in
Ireland. He settled in New York city;
was elected an alderman in 1864; and re-
elected in 1866; and was elected sheriff in
1867. He was elected state senator in
1871; and was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-sixth con
gress.
O'BRIEN, JAMES WILLIAM, mer
chant, poet, was born July 13, 1846, in
Quebec, Canada. For many years he was
a commercial traveler, and has a varied
and adventurous career. He has con
tributed both prose and verse to the peri
odical press, and several of his poems
have been incorporated into Poets of
America and other standard works.
O'BRIEN, JEREMIAH, farmer, mer
chant, state legislator, congressman, was
born in 1768, in Machias, Maine. He
served six years in the Maine legislature;
and was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1823 to 1831. He died May
30, 1858, in Boston, Mass.
O'BRIEN, JOHN, educator, clergyman,
author, was born in 1841 in Ireland. He
was a Roman catholic clergyman and ed
ucator, and professor of ecclesiastical his
tory and sacred theology in Mount St.
Mary's college, Emmittsburg, Md., in
1877. He published, in 1879, A History of
the Mass and its Ceremonies in the East
ern and Western Churches, which has
since passed through fourteen editions.
He died in 1879.
O'BRIEN, MARTIN H., lawyer, was
born May 18, 1850, iii Clinton county,
N. Y. He received the rudiments of his
education in the
common schools;
attended the Notre
Dame academy of
Indiana; and was
admitted to practice
law in New York in
1874. He has since
attained prominence
as an able lawyer of
Plattsburg, N. Y.;
and has an extensive
practice in the state
and federal courts.
He takes an active part in the public af
fairs of his city, county and state, and
is a prominent member of various fra
ternal orders.
O'BRIEN, THOMAS DILLON, lawyer,
was born Feb. 14, 1859, in La Point, Wis.
Since 1880 he has been actively engaged
in the profession of law in St. Paul,
Minn.; has been assistant city attorney
of St. Paul, and county attorney 01 Ram
sey county. He has been state president
of the Catholic Total Abstinence societies
of Minnesota; captain of the first battery
artillery, Minnesota national guards; and
a trustee of the state board of hospitals
for insane.
O'BRIEN, WILLIAM .1., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 28. 1836, in Bal
timore, Md. He was elected from Mary
land to the forty-tnird and forty-fourth
congresses as a democrat.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
701
O'BRIEN, WILLIAM SHONEY, capital
ist, was born in 1825 in Ireland. He was
one of the four principal stockholders of
the mine on the Comstock ledge in Ne
vada, called the Big Bonanza, which was
discovered iu 1874. He left a fortune of
from $15,000,000 to $20,000,000. He died
May 2, 1878, in San Rafael, Cal.
O'CALLAGHAN, EDMUND BAILEY,
physician, journalist, author, was born
Feb. 29, 1797, in Ireland. He was an his
torical writer of Albany, and subsequent
ly of New York city, and the author of
History of New Netherlands; and Jesuit
Relations; Documentary History of New
York. He edited many volumes of state
and colonial records. He died May 27,
1880, in New York city.
OCHILTREE, THOMAS P., soldier,
congressman, was born in 1837 in Texas.
He was appointed United States marshal
in his native state; and was for a time
state commissioner of emigration, to visit
Europe. He was elected a representa
tive from Texas to the forty-eighth con
gress.
OCHILTREE, WILLIAM B., lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1811 in North Caro
lina. In 1846 he was appointed the first
district judge of Texas; in 1855-56 he was
a representative in the legislature; and in
1861 was a member of the first confeder
ate congress. He died in December, 1867,
in Marshall, Texas.
OCHS, GEORGE WASHINGTON, jour
nalist, was born Oct. 27, 1861, in Cincin
nati, Ohio. In 1896 he became publisher
and manager of the Chattanooga Daily
Times. For three years he was president
of the police commissioners. In 1893 he
was elected mayor of his city and received
the re-election two years later.
OCHTMAN, LEONARD, artist, was
born Oct. 21, 1854, in Holland. He has
attained a national reputation as a suc
cessful artist; and has erected a studio in
Connecticut, where he spends his sum
mers.
O'CONNELL, DANIEL J., poet. He is
a writer of Owatonna, Minn.; and the
author of a number of poems.
O'CONNELL, JEREMIAH JOSEPH,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 21,
1821, in Ireland. He is a Roman catholic
priest of the Benedictine order in North
Carolina; and the author of Catholicity
in the Carolinas and Georgia; and Confer
ences on the Blessed 'iTinity.
O'CONNOR, JAMES, educator, college
president, bishop, was born Sept. 10, 1823,
in Ireland. He was made president of St.
Michael's seminary of Glenwood in 1857.
He was transferred to the seminary at
Overbrook in 1863, where, wnile acting as
director, he filled the chairs of philos
ophy, moral theology, and ecclesiastical
history. He was nominated vicar-apos
tolic of Nebraska, and consecrated bishop
of Dibona in partibus infidelium in 1876.
He died May 27, 1890, in Omaha, Neb.
O'CONNOR, JOSEPH, journalist, poet,
was born in 1841 in New York. He is
a journalist of Rochester, N. Y., whose
collected Poems appeared in 1895.
O'CONNOR, M. f., lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Sept. 29,
1831, in Beaufort, S. C. He was a repre
sentative in the legislature of South Caro
lina from 1858 to 1865; and was elected a
representative from South Carolina to the
forty-sixth congress as a democrat. He
died April 26, 1881.
O'CONNOR, THOMAS WILLIAM, edu
cator, state senator, was born July 4, 1868,
in White county, ind. He. is a success
ful educator; has hlled numerous public
offices of trust; and is now serving a term
of four years as a member of the Indiana
state senate.
O'CONNOR, WILLIAM DOUGLAS, au
thor, was born Jan. 2, 183o, in Boston,
Mass. He was a clerk in the civil service
at Washington, and the author of Har
rington, a novel; The Good Gray Poet, a
defence of Walt Whitman; The Ghost;
Three Tales; and Hamlet's Note Book.
He died May 9, 1889, in Washington, D. C.
O'CONOR, CHARLES, lawyer, was
born Jan. 22, 1804, in New York city. In
1848 he was a candidate for lieutenant-
governor of New York; and after the civil
war was senior counsel for Jefferson
Davis, when the latter was indicted for
treason. He was undoubtedly the great
est lawyer of his time. He died May 12,
1884, in Nantucket, R. I.
O'CONOR, JOHN FRANCIS XAVIER,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
Aug. 1, 1852, in New York city. He is a
Roman catholic clergyman of the Society
of Jesus; a professor in Boston college;
and the author of Something Real; Lyric
and Dramatic Poetry; and Reading and
the Mind.
O'CONOR, THOMAS, journalist, author,
was born Sept. 1, li'iO, in Ireland. He
established in 1812 the Shamrock, and the
Globe, founded in 181^ in New York city.
He also published several pamphlets on
Irish or Roman catnolic questions, and
volumes entitled Selections from Several
Literary Works. He died Feb. 9, 1855, in
New York city.
ODELL, JACOB, soldier, was born July
25, 1756, in Greenburg, N. Y. He was a
brigadier-general in the continental army
during the war of the revolution, and
afterward a member of the New York
state assembly, representing Westchester
county in 1812-13; and a member of the
presidential electoral college in 1820 and
1828. He died in 1846, in Yonkers, N. Y.
ODELL, BENJAMIN B., business man,
congressman, was born Jan. 14, 1854, in
Newburg, N. Y. He was elected from
New York to the fifty-fourth, and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
O'DELL, JOSEPH C., farmer, clergy
man, jurist, state legislator, was born Nov.
10, 1850, in Reynolds county, Mo. He is a
successful farmer and a noted clergyman
of Ruble, Mo. He has served two terms
as county judge; and has been a member
of the Missouri state legislature.
ODELL, MOSES FOWLER, congress
man, was born Feb. 24, 1818, in Tarry-
town, N. Y. He was elected a representa
tive from New York to the thirty-sev
enth congress; and was re-elected to the
thirty-eighth congress. In 1865 he was
appointed naval agent for the port of
New York. He died June 13, 1866, in New
York city.
ODELi., N. HOLMES, banker, state
legislator, congressman, was born Oct.
10, 1828, near Tarrytown, N. Y. He was
a member of the New York assembly dur
ing two successive sessions, closing in
1861. He was founder of the First Na
tional bank at Tarrytown, and was its
first cashier, which office he resigned in
1864. He was elected county treasurer
in 1866, and re-elected in 1869 and 1872.
In 1874 he was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-fourth con
gress as a democrat.
ODENHEIMER, WILLIAM HENRY,
bishop, author, was born Aug. 11, 1817,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was the third
protestant episcopal bishop of New Jer
sey in 1859-74, becoming bishop of North
ern New Jersey in the latter year. He
was the author of Origin of the Prayer
Book; Essay on Canon Law; The Sacred
Scriptures the Imperial Record of the
Holy Trinity; Jerusalem and Its Vicin
ity; The Devout Churchman's Compan
ion; The True Catholic no Romanist;
Thoughts on Immersion; Bishop White's
Opinions; and Sermons, with Memoirs.
He died Aug. 14, 1879, in Burlington, N. J.
ODIN, JOHN MARY, archbishop, was
born Feb. 25, 1801, in France. In 1822 he
was sent on a mission to Missouri; taught
in Missouri and Texas; and was an ener
getic promoter of emigration. He became
an archbishop in Texas of the Roman
catholic church. He died May 25, 1870, in
France.
ODIORNE, THOMAS, manufacturer,
author, was born April 26, 1769, in Exeter,
N. H. He was an iron manufacturer of
Maiden, Mass., and the author of The
Progress of Refinement, a Poem; and
Fame and Miscellanies. He died May 18,
1851, iu Maiden, Mass.
O'DONNELL, DANIEL KANE, journal
ist, author, was born in 1838, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia journal
ist who published The Song of Iron and
the Song of Slaves, with Other Poems.
He died Sept. 8, 1871, in Philadelphia, Pa.
O'DONNELL, JAMES, soldier, journal
ist, congressman, was born March 25,
1840, in Norwalk, Conn. In 18bi he en
listed in the first Michigan infantry, and
served out his time, participating in the
first battle of Bull Run. He was recorder
of the city of jackson, Mich., in 1863-66.
He established the Jackson Daily Citizen
in 1865; and continued its owner and ed
itor. He was presidential elector in 1872,
and was designated by the state electoral
college as messenger to convey the vote
of Michigan to Washington. He was
elected mayor of Jackson in 1876. and in
1884 he was elected a representative from
Michigan to the forty-ninth congress;
and was re-elected to the fiftieth, fifty-
first and fifty-second congresses as a re
publican.
O'DONNELL, JESSIE FREMONT, au
thor, was born in New York. She is a
writer of Lowville, N. Y., and the author
of Heart Lyrics; and Horseback Sketches.
O'FERRALL, CHARLES TRIPLETT,
lawyer, legislator, congressman, governor,
was born Oct. 21, 1840, near Brucetown,
Va. He received his
education in the
common schools,
and Washington col
lege, now known as
the Washington and
Lee university. In
1861 he enlisted in
the cavalry service
of the confederate
state as a private;
liass(''l through all
the grades from ser
geant to colonel, and
at the surrender of Lee was in command
of all the confederate cavalry in the Shen-
andoah valley, and was eight times
wounded. He located at Harrisonburgh,
where he commenced the practice of his
profession. He was a member of the gen
eral assembly of Virginia in 1871-73;
judge of the county court of Rockingham
county in 1874-80; and democratic state
canvasser in 1880-83. In 1882 he was the
democratic nominee for congress in the
seventh district; and was elected to the
forty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses, and was re-elected to the fifty-
second congress as a democrat.
OFFICIER, MORRIS, missionary, au
thor, was born July 21, 1823. in Holmes
county, Ohio. He was a lutheran mis
sionary, and the author of Plea for a
Lutheran Mission in Africa; Western
Africa a Mission Field; and African Bible
Pictures. He died Nov. 1, 1874, in To-
peka, Kan.
702
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
OGDEN, AARON, soldier, governor,
United States senator, was born Dec. 3,
1756, in Elizabethtown, N. J. He was a
senator in congress from 1801 to 1803;
and was governor of New Jersey in 1812.
At the time of his ueath he was president-
general of the Society of Cincinnati. He
died April 19, 1830, in Jersey City, N. J.
OGDEN. DAVID, lawyer, jurist, was
born about 1707, in Newark, N. J. He
went to England in 1783 as agent for the
New Jersey loyalists in prosecuting their
claims for compensation, and secured an
allowance for his own estates, which were
valued at $100,000. He died in June, 1800,
in Whitestone, N. J.
OGDEN, DAVID A., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in Morris-
town, N. J. He was a member of the as
sembly in 1814 and 1815; and was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1817 to 1819. He died June 9, 1829,
in Montreal, Canada.
OGDEN, ELIAS BAILEY DAYTON,
lawyer, jurist, was born May 22, 1799, in
Elizabethtown, N. J. In 1848 he became
associate justice of the supreme court of
New Jersey. He died Feb. 24, 1865, in
Elizabethtown, N. J.
OGDEN. HENRY W., soldier, agricul
turist, congressman, was born Oct. 21,
1842, in Abingdon, Va. He was a mem
ber of the constitutional convention In
1879, and of the sta'ie house of representa
tives in 1880; and re-elected in 1884, and
was speaker of the house from 1884 to
1888. He was elected as a democrat from
Louisiana to the fifty-third congress, to
fill a vacancy; ana was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a
democrat.
OGDEN, JOHN COSENS, clergyman,
author, was born about 1740, in New Jer
sey. He was a successful clergyman of
New England; and the author of A His
tory of the Moravians; and several relig
ious works. He died in 1800 in Chester-
town, Md.
OGDEN, MATTHIAS, soldier, was born
Oct. 22, 1754, in Elizabethtown, N. J. At
the close of the war he received the brevet
of brigadier-general, to date from Sept.
20, 1783. He was a member of the legis
lative council in 1785, and in 1789 a
presidential elector. He died March 31,
1791, in Elizabethtown. N. J.
OGDEN, OCTAVIUS NASH, lawyer, au
thor, was born Feb. 14, 1852, in New Or
leans, La. His father was Abner Nash
Ogden, one of the
justices of the su
preme court of Loui
siana, and a grand
son of Abner Nash,
the first governor of
North Carolina. He
received his early ed
ucation in New Or
leans, and finished
his studies at the uni
versity of Virginia.
He was admitted to
the bar in 1873, and
has attained success in his profession at
New Orleans. He is the author of Hali-
mah.an Indian Legend; Dominic You; and
other works, and has contributed exten
sively to current literature.
OGDEN, ROBERT, congressman, was
born Oct. 16, 1716, in Elizabethtown, N. J.
He was a delegate from New Jersey to the
colonial congress, which met in New York
in 1765. He died Jan. 1, 1787, in Sparta,
N. J.
OGDEN, ROBERT NASH, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born May 5, 1839, in
Baton Rouge, La. He served with dis
tinction in the confederate army. For a
while he was speaker of the house of
representatives, and subsequently became
one of the judges of the court of appeals
of 'New Orleans. He is the author of a
novel entitled Who Did It?
OGDEN, WESLEY, lawyer, jurist, was
born Dec. 16, 1818, in Brockport, N. Y.
He settled in San Antonio, Texas. Dur
ing 1865-67 he held the office of district
attorney, and then was district judge until
1870, when he became a judge of the state
supreme court.
OGIER, ISAAC S. K., lawyer, jurist, was
born in South Carolina. He was an early
emigrant to California, and resided at
Los Angeles. In 1858 he was appointed
judge of the United States court for the
southern district of California.
OGILBY, JOHN DAVID, clergyman edu
cator, author, was born Dec. 30, 1810, in
Ireland. He was ordained both deacon
and priest by Bishop Onderdonk, of New
York, in 1838. Three years later he was
elected professor of ecclesiastical history
in the General Theological seminary. His
chief publications were: An Outline of
the Argument Against the Validity of
Lay Baptism; and The Catholic Church
in England and America. He died Feb.
2, 1851, in Paris, France.
OGILVIE, CLINTON, artist, was born
Dec. 28, 1838, in New York city. In 1864
he was elected an associate member of
the National Academy of design, and he
has since exhibited there The Valley of
Schwytz, Switzerland; Lake Como, near
Bellagio; Among the Adirondacks; The
Sunny Summer-Time; Summer Afternoon
in the Adirondacks; and The Mountain
Brook.
OGLE, ALEXANDER, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1765 in Mary
land. In 1806 he was elected to the state
legislature, and frequently re-elected. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1817 to 1819, and sub
sequently served several years in the two
houses of the state legislature. He was
a general of militia, and for nine years
was prothonotary of his county. He died
Oct. 14, 1852, in Pennsylvania.
OGLE, ANDREW J., congressman, was
born in 1822, in Somerset, Pa. He was
prothonotary of his county when twenty-
one years of age. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1849 to 1851. He was appointed charge
d'affaires to Denmark in 1852. He died
about 1853.
OGLE, BENJAMIN, state legislator,
governor, was born Feb. 7, 1746, in Anna
polis, Md. He was a member of the coun
cil of Maryland before the revolution, and
was governor from 1798 to 1801. He died
July 6, 1809, in Annapolis, Md.
OGLE, CHARLES, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1798 in Somerset, Pa.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1837 to 1841. He died
May 10, 1841.
OGLE, SAMUEL, governor, was born in
England. He was governor of Maryland
during 1737-42, and again in 1747.
OGLESBY, RICHARD JAMES, soldier,
lawyer, governor, United States senator,
was born July 25, 1824, in Oldham county,
Ky. He was elected to the Illinois state
senate in 1860, and resigned to enter the
volunteer service in 1861. At the com
mencement of the rebellion he was chosen
colonel; afterward appointed brigadier-
general; and in. 1863 a major-general. He
resigned in 1864, and was elected govern
or of Illinois. He was again elected gov
ernor in 1872, and a few months there
after was elected to the United States
senate for the term ending in 1879. In
1884 he was again elected governor of Illi
nois for a term of four years.
O'GORMAN, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
was born April 8, 1847, in Boston, Mass.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the public schools of St. Paul,
Minn., and attended the Washington uni
versity of St. Louis, Mo. He served two
years as sheriff of Ramsey county, Minn.,
and for six years was judge of probate. He
is one of the leading lawyers of the west
at St. Paul, Minn.
0 riARA, JAMES E., lawyer, congress
man, was born Feb. 26, 1844, in New York
city. He was elected a representative
from North Carolina to the forty-eighth
and forty-ninth congresses.
O'HARA, THEODORE, soldier, author,
was born Feb. 11, 1820, in Danville, Ky.
He was an officer in the United States
army during the Mexican war, and subse
quently in the confederate army. He is
remembered for his poem, The Bivouac of
the Dead, stanzas from which have been
inscribed on tablets in several of the na
tional cemeteries. He died June 6, 1867,
near Guerrytown, Ala.
O'HARA, WARREN JOSEPH, physi
cian, was born Sept. 13, 1867, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He attended the public
schools of Philadel
phia, Mount Pleasant
high school, the In
ternational Commer
cial college of Sagi-
naw, Mich., and sub
sequently graduated
in medicine from the
Rush Medical college
of Chicago. He is
physician to the Mer
cy hospital of Big
Rapids, Mich., and is
a member of the
leading medical bodies. His contributions
to medical journals are considered of
great value.
O'HARA, WILLIAM. Roman catholic
bishop, was born about 1816 in Ireland.
In 1868 the diocese of Scranton was
formed out of that of Philadelphia, and
he was appointed its first bishop.
O'HARNETT, MORRISON J., soldier,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, was
born June 27, 1828, in Carlyle, 111. He
served as a soldier in the Mexican war,
and during the civil war was captain of
company D, fifteenth Illinois cavalry. He
has been judge of his county, and has
served as a member of the Illinois state
legislature.
OHI.IGER, LEWIS P.. business man,
congressman, was born Jan. 3, 1843, in
Bavaria. He was appointed a trustee of
the Wooster and Lodi railway, of which
he is now president. He was elected from
Ohio to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat to fill a vacancy.
O'KEEFE, JOHN FRANCIS, educator,
lawyer, was born Dec. 28, 1860, in Wilson,
N. Y. He attended the Wilson academy
and the Mount Union college, Ohio, and
for several years taught school. He was
admitted to practice in the supreme court
of Michigan and the federal courts of the
United States. He makes a specialty of
corporation law, and is the general coun
sel for the Saginaw and Bay City Rapid
Transit Railway company.
OLCOTT, SIMEON, lawyer, jurist, Unit
ed States senator, was born Oct. 1, 1735, In
Connecticut. In 1784 he was appointed
chief justice of the court of common pleas
of New Hampshire; in 1790 a judge of the
superior court; chief judge of the same
court in 1795; and was a senator in con
gress from New Hampshire from 1801 to
1805. He died Feb. 22, 1815, in Charles-
town, S. C.
HBRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
703
OLDEN, CHARLES SMITH, merchant,
manufacturer, state senator, governor, was
born Feb. 19, 1799, in Princeton, N. J.
Between the years 1844 and 1850 he was
twice elected to the state senate, and in
1859 was elected governor of New Jersey.
He died April 7, 1876, in Princeton, N. J.
OLDhAM, HERBERT, musician, com
poser, was born March 1, 1853, in Ireland.
He is the author of a number of composi
tions for the voice, pianoforte and the
organ.
OLDHAM, WILLIAMSON S., lawyer,
orator, author, was born June 19, 1813, in
Franklin county, Tenn. This brilliant
orator and author was a member of the
Texas-Arkansas house of representatives
in 1841, and was elected speaker of that
body. During 1844-48 he was judge of the
supreme court of Arkansas. He was a
member of the secession convention of
Texas, and a senator from that state in
the confederate states senate during 1861-
65. He is the author of a Digest of the
Laws of Texas, published in 1858.
OLDS, EDSON B., state senator, con
gressman, was born in Vermont. He was
a representative in congress from Ohio
from 1849 to 1855. He was elected a mem
ber of the assembly of Ohio, having pre
viously served six years in the state legis
lature, and been speaker of the senate. He
died Jan. 24, 1869, in Lancaster, Ohio.
OLDS, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist, was
born April 15, 1832, in Circleville, Ohio.
In 1868 he was elected judge of the judi
cial district of Ohio, resigning in 1873.
OLIN, ABRAHAM B., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1808 in Shafts-
bury, Vt. He was for three years recorder
of the city of Troy, N. Y. He was elected
a representative to the thirty-fifth con
gress from New York. He was re-elected to
the thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh con
gresses; and in 1863 was appointed a judge
of the supreme court of the District of
Columbia. He died July 7, 1879, in Wash
ington, D. C.
OLIN, GIDEON, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born about
1750 in Rhode Island. He was a member
of the Vermont state legislature and
speaker of the house; a judge of the coun
ty court, and a representative in congress
from 1803 to 1807. He died Aug. 6, 1822,
in Shaftsbury, Vt.
OLIN, HENRY, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1767
in Rhode Island. He was elected to the
general assembly of Rhode Island in 1799,
and, excepting four years, continued to
serve in that capacity until 1825. He was
an associate judge of the Addison county
court from 1801 to 1806; and was chief
judge of said court in 1807, and from
1810 to 1824. He was chosen a representa
tive in congress to fill a vacancy in 1824.
and was also, at one time, lieutenant-gov
ernor of the state. He died iu 1837 in
Salisbury, Vt.
OLIN, MRS. JULIA MATILDA
(LYNCH), author, was born Dec. 14, 1814,
in New York city. She was the author of
Words of the Wise; Four Days in July;
Curious and Useful Questions on the
Bible; and The Perfect Light. She died
May 1, 1879, in New York city.
OLIN, STEPHEN, educator, clergyman,
college president, author, was born
March 2, 1797, in Leicester, Vt. He was
a meinodist clergyman and educator;
president of Wesleyan university in 1842,
and the author of Travels in Egypt, Ara
bia Petraea, and the Holy Land; Greece
and the Golden Horn; College Life, Its
Theory and Practice; and Youthful Piety.
He died Aug. 16, 1851, in Middletown,
1 Conn.
OLIPHANT, E. P., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was appointed
from that state an associate justice of
the United States court for the territory
of Washington, residing at Whatcomb.
OLIPHANT, LAWRENCE, author, was
born in 1829 in Ceylon. He is the author
of a number of works, and, with his wife,
wrote the peculiar and almost incompre
hensible book, entitled Sympneumata. He
died Dec. 23, 1888, in England.
OLIVER, ADDISON, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1833
in Washington county, Pa. He settled in
western Iowa in 1857; was elected to the
Iowa house of representatives in 18fi;'.; and
to the Iowa senate in 1865. He was elect
ed judge of the fourth judicial circuit in
18G8, and twice re-elected to the same
office, which he continued to hold until
elected a representative from Iowa to the
forty-fourth and forty-fifth congresses.
OLIVER, ALICE MAY, educator, poet,
was born in Lakeland, Minn. She is
known as the Prairie Poet, and resides In
Luverne, Minn. She is a successful school
teacher and the author of a volume of
poems entitled Fragments of Thought.
OLIVER, ANDREW, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born Nov. 13, 1731, in Boston.
Mass. He represented Salem in the gen
eral court in 1766; and before the revo
lution was judge of the Essex coutuy court
of common pleas. He published an Essay
on Comets, in which he maintained that
they were habitable worlds. He died in
December, 1799, in Salem, Mas?.
OLIVER, ANDREW, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in Springfield, N.
Y. He was appointed to succeed his
father as first judge of the court of com
mon pleas of New York in 1843, which
position he held until the adoption of the
new state constitution. In 1846 he was
elected judge of the Surrogate and county
courts. In 1852 he was elected a repre
sentative to the thirty-third congress, and
was re-elected to the thirty-fourth con
gress.
OLIVER, BENJAMIN LYNDE, lawyer,
author, was born in 1788, in Marblehead,
Mass. He was a lawyer of Boston, and
the author of Hints on the Pursuit of Hap
piness; Rights of an American Citizen;
Law Summary; Practical Conveyancing;
Forms of Practice; and Forms of Chan
cery. He died in 1843.
OLIVER, DAVID DYKINS, surveyor,
lumberman, was born Aug. 8, 1814, in
Green county, N. Y. He taught school
and continued his studies at the same
time. He subsequently taught in Pontiac,
Mich., and became a land surveyor. In
1844 he began a mercantile career, and
five years later purchased the first saw
mill erected in Alpena county. For ten
years he was on the board of supervisors,
and in 1857 was elected county surveyor,
which position he filled for twelve years.
He was also judge of probate. He is the
author of Water, Its Formation and Ef
fect Geologically Considered; and has con
tributed extensively to current literature.
OLIVER, FITCH EDWARD, physician,
journalist, author, was born Nov. 25, 1819,
in Cambridge, Mass. In 1860 he assumed
the editorship of the Boston Medical and
Surgical Journal in Massachusetts. He
was one of the translators of Chomel's
Treatise on General Pathology, and pub
lished the Lynde Diaries.
OLIVER, MRS. GRACE ATKINSON
(LITTLE) (ELLIS), litterateur, author,
poet, was born Sept. 24, 1844, in Boston,
Mass. She is a litterateur of Salem, Mass.,
and the author of Lives of Mrs. Barbauld,
Maria Edgeworth, Theodore Parker, Dean
Stanley. She has edited Tales of Maria
Edgeworth; Essays of Mrs. Barbauld; and
Tales and Poems of Ann and Jane Taylor.
OLIVER, JAMES, inventor, was born
Aug. 28, 1823, in Scotland. He moved to
South Bend in 1855 and began to manu
facture plows. He met with some losses,
much hard work, and many discourage
ments, but. finally invented the chilled
plow, which has since made his fortune.
The little old shop of 1855 has now been
succeeded by a plant owned by the Oliver
Chilled Plow Works, covering fifty-eight
acres, twenty-five of them under roof,
and the Oliver chilled plows are sold in
every part of the world.
OLIVER, JAMES EDWARD, educator,
author, mathematician, was born July 27,
1829, in Portland, Maine. In 1871 he be
came assistant professor of mathematics
at Cornell, and two years later he was
given full possession of the chair. He has
published A Treatise on Trigonometry.
OLIVER, MRS. MARTHA (CAPPS), au
thor, poet, was born in 1845 in Illinois.
She is a writer of Jacksonville, 111. Her
writings in poetry for juvenile readers
comprise, The Story of Columbus; In
Slavery Days; and The Far West.
OLIVER, MORDECAI, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 22, 1819, in An
derson county, Ky. He was elected circuit
attorney for the fifth judicial circuit of
Missouri in 1848. In 1852 he was elected a
member of the thirty-third congress, and
re-elected to the thirty-fourth congress.
OLIVER, PAUL AMBROSE, soldier,
manufacturer, inventor, was born July 18,
1830, on shipboard in the English channel.
In 1870 he established a powder factory
near Wilkesbarre, Pa., where he has since
been engaged in the manufacture of ex
plosives, using for that purpose machinery
of his own invention. He has invented a
bayonet-fastening and a screw-headed
key.
OLIVER, PETER, lawyer, jurist, was
born March 26, 1713, in Boston. Mass. He
was made a justice of the supreme court
of Massachusetts in 1756, and in 1771 be
came chief justice. He was also one of
the mandamus councillors. He died Oct.
13, 1791, in England.
OLIVER. PETER, lawyer, author, was
born in 1822 in Hanover, N. H. He was
a lawyer of Boston whose Puritan Com
monwealth, an historical review of the
Puritan government of Massachusetts, pre
sents a not altogether favorable picture of
the period under discussion. He died in
1855 at sea.
OLIVER, ROBERT, soldier, was born
in 1738 in Boston, Mass. For some time
he acted as adjutant-general of the north
ern army, and excelled as a disciplinarian.
In 1782 he received the brevet of colonel.
He was one of the first settlers of Mariet
ta, Ohio, in 1788, was chosen a representa
tive in the territorial legislature in 179S,
became a member of the council in 17'99.
He died in May, 1810, in Marietta, Ohio.
OLIVER, WILLIAM M., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born in
Springfield, N. Y. He was for a long time
first judge of the court of common pleas;
was a state senator and lieutenant-gov
ernor in 1830. and a representative fiom
New York in the twenty-seventh congress.
OLLENDORP, CHRISTIAN GEORGE
ANDREAS, missionary, author, was born
March 8, 1721, in Saxony. H.? was a
Moravian missionary; and the author of a
work entitled History of the Missions of
the Brethren on the Caribbean Islands,
St. Thomas, St. Croix and St. John. He
died March 9, 1787.
704
HERRINGSHAVv'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
OLMSTED, ALEXANDER FISHKR,
educator, author, was born Dec. 20, 1822,
in Chapel Hill, N. C. He was a professor
of chemistry in the university of North
Carolina who published Elements of Che
mistry. He died May 5, 1853, in New
Haven, Conn.
OLMSTED, DENISON, educator, au
thor, was born June 18, 1791, in East
Hartford, Conn. He was a scientist who
was professor of natural philosophy at
Yale college in 1825, and the author of
Letters on Astronomy; Compendium of
Natural Philosophy; Students' Common
place Book; and Introduction to Natural
Philosophy. He died May 13, 1859, in
New Haven, Conn.
OLMSTED, EDWIN B., educator, cler
gyman, inventor, was born Aug. 20, 182U,
in Sidney, N. Y. He received his educa
tion at the Franklin institute, New York.
He has been superintendent of schools of
Akron, Ohio, and several other places,
north and south; has been pastor of Ar
cade, N. Y., and other baptist churches.
He was the first inventor of paper bag
machines, and also invented machines for
. making envelopes for wrapping and pack
ing tobacco, starch and like articlas; ar.d
for making various other kinds of boxes.
He designed and superintended the con
struction of the dead letter office at Wash
ington, D. C. He was city editor of the
Daily National Intelligencer of Washing
ton, D. C., until its suspension, when he
became editor-in-chief of the Saturday
Evening Visitor. During the war he be
came captain of company H, fourth regi
ment Ohio volunteer infantry, and was
mustered out by reason of wounds re
ceived in the service.
OLMSTED, ELIZABETH MARTHA,
journalist, poet, was born Dec. 31, 1825, in
Caledonia, N. Y. For several years she
taught school in Canandai&ua, N. Y., and
at the Ingham university. She has con
tributed extensively both prose and verse
to the New York Independent, and the
leading newspapers and magazines in
America. During the civil war she wrote
many spirited lyrics, among which are
the well-known Our Boys Going to the
War; The Clarion; and the Upas.
OLMSTED, ELMER BENTON, lawyer,
financier, politician, was born Dec. 22,
1860, in Jersey Shore, Pa. He attended
the Dickinson col
lege, of Pennsylvan
ia, from which insti
tution he graduated
in 1884. He then be
gan the study of
law at Williamsport,
Pa., and soon after
ward became man
aging clerK in one of
the largest law of
fices in New York
city. In 1889 he
moved to St. Paul,
Minn., where he has since been engaged
in the practice of law. He has made a
specialty of real estate, banking and com
mercial law and probate practice. He is
considered authority on mortgage fore
closures and titles, and has an extensive
clientage reaching into many of the states.
He also represents several banks in mak
ing loans, examining titles, and foreclos
ing mortgages. He is a director in the
St. Paul Chamber of Commerce, and in
1892 was a delegate to the national re
publican convention.
OLMSTED, FRANCIS ALLYN, physi
cian, author, was born July 14, 1819, in
Chapel Hill, N. C. He was a physician
who published Incidents of a Whaling
Voyage. He died July 19, 1844, in New
Haven, Conn.
OLMSTED, FREDERICK LAW, land
scape architect, author, was born April 26,
1822, in Hartford, Conn. He received a
liberal education and
studied under pri
vate tutors. He has
auained prominence
as a landscape archi
tect; has been presi
dent of the board of
park commissioners
of New York city;
and commissioner of
Yosemite Valley. In
1850 he made a ped
estrian tour through
Great Britain and
parts of continental Europe for the pur
pose of observing closely the agricultural
and ornamental grounds of the various
countries. He is the author of Walks and
Talks of An American Farmer in Eng
land; A Journey Through Texas; A Jour
ney in the Back Country; and other works.
He has filled numerous public positions of
trust; in 1861 was appointed a member
of the commission of inquiry and advice
in regard to the sanitary condition of
the United States forces. He was active
in the founding of the Metropolitan Mu
seum of Art, and of the American Mu
seum of Natural History. In 1872 he was
appointed president of the department of
public parks in New York. Since 1886
he has been largely occupied in laying out
an extensive system of parks and park
ways for the city of Boston.
OLMSTEAD, JOHN WESLEY, journal
ist, clergyman, was born Nov. 13, 1836, in
Saratoga county, N. Y. In 1846 he be
came editor of the Christian Reflector in
Boston. On the union of this paper with
The Watchman, in 1848, he took editorial
control of the consolidated journals, and
continued in that post until 1877. In 1878
he established The Watchtower, a baptist
journal in New York, but subsequently
returned to The Watchman, of which he
is now editor-in-chief.
OLMSTED, MARLIN EDGAR, lawyer,
legislator, railroad president, congress
man, was born in Potter county, Pa. He
received the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in the public
schools, and subse
quently attended
Couderport academy.
He is one of the lead
ing lawyers of Har-
risburg, Pa.; has
been counsel of his
city; president and
general counsel for
the Beach Railroad
company; also presi
dent of the Buffalo and Susquehanna Rail
road company. He has been counsel for
the Lehigh Valley Railroad company; the
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western
Railroad company; Delaware and Hudson
Canal company; Lehigh Coal and Navi
gation company; the Western Unfon Tel
egraph company, and many other corpora
tions. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
congress, and served with distinction in
that body.
OLNEY, CHARLES FAYETTE, educat
or, was born Aug. 27, 1831, in Hartford,
Conn. He established a high school in
Stafford, Conn.; for thirty years was en
gaged in educational work in New York
city, and was one of the founders of the
New York Teachers' association.
OLNEY, CYRUS, lawyer, jurist, was
born in New York. He was an early emi
grant to the territory of Oregon, and in
1853 was appointed an associate justice
of the United States court for that district.
OLNEY, EDWARD, educator, author,
was born July 24, 1827, in Moreau, N. Y.
This eminent educator was the author of
fourteen complete books of mathematics,
from primary arithmetics to general geom
etry and calculus. He died Jan. 16, 1887;
in Ann Arbor, Mich.
OLNEY, JESSE, educator, author, was
born Oct. 12, 1798, in Tolland county,
Conn. He was a noted educator of Con
necticut; and the author of The Na
tional Preceptor; Geography and Atlaa;
and History of the United States. He died
July 31, 1872, in Stratford, Conn.
OLNEY, RICHARD, lawyer, state leg
islator, secretary of state, was born Jan.
15, 1835, in Oxford, Mass. He served as
a member of the Massachusetts house of
representatives in the year 1874; and
was appointed attorney-general by Presi
dent Cleveland, and entered upon his
duties in 1893. He was appointed secre
tary of state June 8, 1895, to fill a vacancy,
and took the oath of office June 10, 1895.
OLSON, JULIUS E., educator, author,
was born Nov. 9, 1858, in Cambridge, Wis.
He has been connected with his alma
mater as instructor and professor of Scan
dinavian, and since 1884 has filled the
chair of languages and literature. He Is
the author of Norwegian Grammar and
Reader; and other works.
OLSON, MARTIN CONRAD, orator,
was born Aug. 13, 1871, in Chicago, 111.
He received his education in the grammar
schools of Chicago, and graduated from
the Soper school of oratory. He has been
secretary of the Luther League of Illi
nois, and is now general secretary of the
Luther League of America; and also di
rector of the Rock River Chautauqua as
sembly at Dixon, 111.
OLSSEN, WILLIAM WHITTINGHAM,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
May 11, 1827, in New York city. He is an
episcopal clergyman and educator, and
professor of mathematics in St. Stephen's
college, Annandale, New York, from 1871.
He is the author of Personality, Hu
man and Divine; and Revelation, Univer
sal and Special.
OLSSON, OLOF, clergyman, college
president, author, was born March 31,
1841, in Sweden. He is a lutheran clergy
man, president of Augustana college.
Rock Island, 111., since 1891, and the au
thor of At the Cross; Greetings from
Afar, a volume of travel; and The Chris
tian Hope.
ONDERDONK, BENJAMIN TREAD-
WELL, clergyman, theologian, bishop,
was born July 15, 1791, in New York
city. In 1809 he
graduated from Col
umbia college; in
1813 became assist
ant pastor of Trin
ity parish in New
York city; and be
came a favorite
preacher. In 1820 he
was elected professor
of ecclesiastical his
tory in the General
Theological semi-
nary of New York;
and in 1830 was consecrated protestant
episcopal bishop of the diocese of New
lork. He died April 30, 1861, in New
York city.
ONDERDONK, HENRY, educator, au
thor, was born June 11, 1804, in North
Hempstead, N. Y. He was an educator of
Long Island, principal of Union Hall acad
emy in 1832-65, and the author of Queens
County in Old Times; Annals of Hemp-
stead, 1643-1832; and Long Island and
New York in Olden Times. He died June
22, 1886, in Jamaica, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
705
ONDERDONK, HENRY USTICK, bish
op, author, was born March 16, 1789, in
New York city. He was the second prot-
estant episcopal bishop of Pennsylvania,
and tne author of ^.piscopacy Tested by
Scripture, republished as Episcopacy Ex
amined and Re-Examined; Essay on Re
generation; Sermons and Charges; and
Family Devotions. He died Dec. 6, 1858
in Philadelphia, Pa.
O'NEAL, EDWARD ASBURY, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, governor, was born in Mad
ison county, Ala. He entered the confe'd-
erate army as a captain, in 1861, and rap
idly rose to the rank of brigadier-gen
eral. In 1882 he was elected governor of
Alabama; and was re-elected in 1884.
O'NEAL, WILLIAM WALKER, journal
ist, was born Oct. 17, 1873, in Maryville,
Mo. He attended the State university of
Missouri; became a reporter on the St.
Joseph Daily News and the Kansas City
Times; was editor of the Iowa Inter-State
Herald; and is now the editor and owner
of The Graphic of Firth, Neb.
O'NEALL, JOHN HELTON, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born April 10, 1793, in
Bush River, S. C. He was a South Caro
lina jurist, and the author of Digest of the
Negro Law; Annals of Newberry District;
and Bench and Bar of South Carolina. He
died Sept. 27, 1863, in Newberry, S. C.
O'NEALL, JOHN H., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Oct. 30,
1838, near Newberry, S. C. He represent
ed Daviess county in the Indiana state
legislature in 1866; was appointed prose
cuting attorney for the eleventh judicial
circuit in 1873, and was elected to the
same office in 1874, but resigned before
his term was out. He has been repeatedly
honored by election to the board of trus
tees of the public schools, and was elected
to the fiftieth, and fifty-first congresses as
a democrat.
O'NEIL, JOSEPH H., state legislator,
congressman, was born March 23, 1853, in
Fall River, Mass. He was a member of
the Massachusetts house of representa
tives in 1878-84; was a member of the
board of directors for public institutions
for five years, the last eighteen months
being chairman of the board; and was
city clerk of Boston in 1887 and 1888. He
was elected to the fifty-first, fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses as a democrat.
O'NEILL, CHArtLES, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was uorn March 21,
1821, in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1850-52 he
was in the state legislature, and in 1853
in the state senate. He was again elected
to the legislature in 1859, and in 1862 was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the thirty-eighth congress. He
was elected to the thirty-ninth, fortieth,
forty-first, forty-third, forty-fourth, for
ty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-
eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first and
fifty-second congresses as a republican.
O'NEILL, EDWARD, banker, state leg
islator. He served four terms as a mem
ber of the Wisconsin state legislature;
and introduced the bill which brought
about the establishment of the State Re
form school at Waukesha. He was presi
dent of the Merchants' Exchange bank of
Milwaukee; and served that city four
times as mayor.
O'NEILL, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born Dec. 17, 1821, in Philadelphia,
Pa. In 1844 he moved to Ohio, and there
practiced law in the supreme court. In
1855 he was elected prosecuting attorney
for Muskingum county. In 1862 he was
elected a representative frorojOhio to the
thirty-eighth congress.
45
O'NEILL, JOHN J., manufacturer, state
legislator, congressman, was born June 25,
1846, in St. Louis, Mo. He was in the gov
ernment civil service during the civil
war, and was afterward engaged in manu
facturing pursuits. In 1872 he was elected
a representative in the state legislature;
and was re-elected in 1874 and 1876. He
was elected to the municipal assembly of
St. Louis in 1879, and re-elected in 1881.
In 1884 he was elected a representative
from Missouri to the forty-eighth con
gress, and was re-electe^ to the forty-
ninth, fiftieth, fifty-second and fifty-third
congresses as a democrat.
OPDALE, NELLIE MANN, educator,
missionary, lecturer, was born May 17,
1860, in New Lisbon, Wis. She received'
her education in the public schools of
Racine, and subsequently taught school in
that city. She has held various positions
in the Woman's Christian Temperance
union; was state lecturer of the Wisconsin
Woman's Suffrage association; addressed
the state legislature during two different
sessions, and is now an ordained minister
of the universalist church.
GPDi^E, GEORGE, banker, public offi
cial, author, was born Dec. 7, 1805, in
Kingwood, N. J. He was a banker of New
York city, and mayor of that city in 1862-
63. He was the author of Treatise on
Political Economy; Report on the Cur
rency; and Official Documents and Ad
dresses. He died June 12, 1880, in New
York city.
OPPER, FREDERICK BURR, artist,
was born Jan. 2, 1857, in Madison, Ohio.
In 1877 he became an artist on the staff
of Franit Leslie's periodicals, and for
three years filled the position of humor
ous and special artist; and since 1880
he has been engaged on the staff of Puck,
New York's great humorous journal.
ORANGE, WILL J., journalist, poet,
mine owner, politician, was born March
30, 1858, near Albion, 111. He received the
rudiments of his education in the common
schools, and graduated from Bayliss col
lege. In 1886 he purchased The Rustler
of Silver Cliff, Col.; and soon became
prominent in political and mining cir
cles. He was one of the organizers of the
mining congress, and suggested the name
of the Silver Republican Party. He has
filled numerous public positions of honor,
and in 1896 was elected regent of the uni
versity of Colorado for a term of six years.
He has written extensively for the period
ical press, and has attained prominence
in the west as a humorous poet.
ORCUTT, CHARLES RUSSELL, bot
anist, and introducer of new seeds and
plants, especially cacti. He is the editor
and owner of the West American Scien
tist of San Diego, Cal., which was estab
lished in 1884.
ORD, EDWARD OTHO CRESAP, sol
dier, was born Oct. 18, 1818, in Cumber
land, Md. In 1839 he graduated from the
m^ama^m^^ • United States Mili
tary academy. He
served in the Florida
war against the Sem,-
i n ol e Indians i n
1839-42; and during
the civil war attained
the rank of major-
general of volun
teers. In the camp
and on the march Ire
was exceedingly
careful of his sol
diers, providing for
their comfort, their clothing, and their
medical attendance; and he showed equal
solicitude for the sick and wounded. He
died July 22, 1883, in Havana, Cuba.
ORD, GEORGE, naturalist, was born in
1781 in Philadelphia. He was an intimate
friend of Alexander Wilson, the natural
ist, and accompanied him on many of his
rambles. After Wilson's death in 1813
Mr. Ord completed the eighth volume of
the former's American Ornithology. In
1825 he prepared a new edition of the last
three volumes of the ornithology, and in
1828 issued his life of Wilson as a sep
arate volume. He died Jan. 24, 1866, in
Philadelphia.
ORDWAY, JOHN MORSE, chemist, au
thor, was born April 23, 1823, in Ames-
bury, Mass. He has been professor of
chemistry and metallurgy in the institute
of Technicology in Boston, Mass., for fif
teen years, and is now professor of indus
trial chemistry of the Tulane university
of New Orleans, La. He is the author of
Plantarum Ordinum Indicator, and other
works.
ORDWAY, NEHEMIAH G., merchant,
state senator, governor, was born Nov. 10,
1828, in Warner, N. H. In 1861 he was ap
pointed general agent of the post office
department for the New England states,
witi. headquarters at Boston. In 1863 he
was elected sergeant-at-arms of the Unit
ed States house of representatives, and
served during the thirty-eighth, thirty-
ninth, fortieth, forty-first, forty-second
and forty-third congresses. In 1875 he
was elected a representative in the New
Hampshire legislature, and was re-elected
in 1876 and 1877. In 1879 he was elected a
state senator, and in 1880 was appointed
governor of Dakota territory for the term
of four years.
O'REILLY, BERNARD, Roman catholic
bishop, was born in 1803 in Ireland. In
1847 he removed to Buffalo and was made
vicar-general of the diocese and presi
dent of the seminary, having also in
charge the hospital of the Sisters of Char
ity. In 1850 he was consecrated bishop of
Hartford. He died in 1856 at sea.
O'REILLY, DANIEL, public official,
congressman, was born June 3, 1838, in
Ireland. He settled in Brooklyn, N. Y.;
was city weigher; and was a member of
the board of aldermen in 1873-75. He
acted as supervisor of Kings county in
1874-75, and during 1875 was president
pro tern of the board of aldermen. He
was also acting mayor on several occa
sions; and was again elected alderman
for the years 1878 and 1879. He was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-sixth congress.
O'REILLY, HENRY, journalist, au
thor, was born Feb. 6, 1806, in Irelanfl.
He was a journalist of Rochester, and the
author of New York Sketches of Roch
ester; and American Political Anti-Ma
sonry. He died Aug. 17, 1886, in Roch
ester, N. Y.
O'REILLY, JOHN BOYLE, journalist,
author, poet, was born June 28, 1844, in
Ireland. He was a noted journalist of Bos
ton, editor of The Pilot. In his youth he
was concerned in a fenian outbreak in
Ireland, and banished to Australia. Es
caping thence he came to America in
1869 and settled in Boston, where his tal
ents speedily secured recognition. Much
of his work in verse is ephemeral, but
his best lines have the ring of true poetry.
He was the author of Songs, Legends, and
Ballads; Moondyne; The Statues in the
Block, and Other Poems; Songs of the
Southern Seas; In Bohemia. In prose he
published, Stories and Sketches; and The
Ethics of Boxing. He died Aug. 10, 1890,
in Hull, Mass.
O'REILLY, PATRICK THOMAS, Ro
man catholic bishop, was born Dec. 24,
1833, in Ireland. He was consecrated
first bishop of Springfield in 1870.
706
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ORFF, ANNIE L. Y., journalist, was
born in Albany, N. Y. She is the editor
and owner of the Chaperone Magazine of
St. Louis, Mo., and since the death of
Kate Field she unquestionably takes first
place as the leading successful female
publisher in the United States. She is also
publisher of the St. Louis Elite, a weekly
society journal.
ORGAN, BENJAMIN SIMPSON, sol
dier, lawyer, lecturer, jurist, legislator,
was born April 2, 1847, in Wilson county,
Tenn. He received his education in the
common schools of Illinois and the acad
emy of Xenia. At the age of sixteen years
he enlisted in the one hundred and thirty-
sixth Illinois volunteer infantry, and
served gallantly throughout the war. He
has attained success as an eminent lawyer
of Mount Carmel, 111., and as a lecturer
on religious subjects. He has been county
judge, and served with distinction as a
member of the general assembly of the
Illinois state legislature.
O'RIORDAN, JAMES, civil engineer,
educator, author, poet, was born about
1840 in Ireland. He is the author of
half a dozen novels; several volumes on
educational subjects; and a number of
poems. Although he is a civil engineer,
he has generally been engaged in educa
tional work in biony Hollow, N. Y.
ORMAN, JAMES B., state senator, was
born Nov. 4, 1849, in Muscatine, Iowa.
In 1880 he was elected representative to
the third general assembly; and in 1883
to 1885 he served in the state senate from
Colorado.
ORMOND, ALEXANDER THOMAS, ed
ucator, author, was born in 1847 in Penn
sylvania. He is Stuart professor of men
tal science and logic at Princeton univer
sity since 1883, and the author of Basal
Concepts in Philosophy.
ORMSBY, STEPHEN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born in 1765 in
Virginia. He was a judge of the circuit
court of Kentucky; a brigade-major under
Harmer in his campaign of 1790; and
a representative in congress from 1811 to
1817. He died Sept. 6, 1846, in Louisville,
Ky.
ORMSBY, THOMAS J., soldier, lawyer,
was born Nov. 2, 1842, in Petersburg, Va.
He served as an officer in the confederate
army, and has filled various civil offices
for the past fifteen years. He is a suc
cessful lawyer of Pine Bluff, Ark.; and has
attained success as an apiarist.
ORMSBY, WATERMAN LILLY, en-
gjaver, inventor, was born in 1809 in
Hampton, Conn. He was for many years
an engraver in New York city. He in
vented several ruling machines, transfer-
presses, and other implements that are
used in bank-note engraving, a machine
for engraving on steel called the gram-
magraph, and one for splitting wood. He
died Nov. 1, 1883, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
ORNE, AZOR, lawyer, jurist, state sen
ator, was born July 22, 1731, in Marble-
head, Mass. He became a judge of the
general court of Massachusetts in 1775,
and in January, 1776, was appointed by
the provincial congress one of the three
major-generals of Massachusetts militia.
After the adoption of the state consti
tution in 1780 he was in the state senate
and council for many years. He died June
6, 1796, in Boston, Mass.
ORNE, MRS. CAROLINE (CHAPLIN),
author, was born in Massachusetts. She
was a popular magazinist, who was the
author of more than two hundred and
fifty stories. She died in 1882.
ORNE, CAROLINE FRANCES, author,
poet, was born in 1818 in Massachusetts.
She is a Cambridge writer of verse, and
also of stories for children. Her life has
all been passed in Cambridge, her native
place. She is the author of A Day in the
Woodlands; Lucy's Party, and Other
Tales; Sweet Auburn and Mount Auburn,
with Other Poems; and Morning Songs of
American Freedom.
ORR, ALEXANDER D., state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1765 in Virginia.
He removed to Kentucky, and in 1784
settled in Mason county. He was a mem
ber of the state legislature in 1792. Upon
the admission of Kentucky into the Union
he was elected a representative in con
gress from that state from 1792 to 1797.
He died June 21, 1835, in Paris, Ky.
ORR, BENJAMIN, lawyer, congress
man, author, was born Dec. 1, 1772, in
Bedford, N. H. He was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts from 1817
to 1819. He was the author of an oration
on the death of Washington in 1800. He
died Sept. 5, 1828, in Brunswick, Maine.
ORR, HUGH, manufacturer, inventor,
was born Jan. 13, 1717, in Scotland. His
muskets made for the state of Massachu
setts are said to have been the first manu
factured in New England. He also in
vented machines for cleaning flaxseed,
and manufacturing cotton. He died Dec.
C>, 1798, in Bridgewater, Mass.
ORR, JACKSON, soldier, merchant,
congressman, was born Sept. 21, 1832, in
Fayette county, Ohio. He served in the
army as captain in the tenth Iowa in
fantry. He was a member of the legis
lature of Iowa in 1868. He was elected to
the forty-second and forty-third con
gresses as a republican.
ORR, JAMES LAWRENCE, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, governor,
was born May 18, 1822, in Craytonville,
S. C. In 1844 he was elected to the state
legislature, and was re-elected in 1845. In
1848 he was elected a representative in
congress from South Carolina, to which
position he was subsequently re-elected,
and on the assembling of the thirty-fifth
congress was elected speaker. In 1860 he
was appointed one of the commissioners
to visit Washington in behalf of South
Carolina, and in 1865 was elected governor
of South Carolina. He was subsequently
appointed minister to Russia. He died
May 5, 1873, in St. Petersburg, Russia.
ORR, JOHN WALKINSHAW, civil en
gineer, poet, was born Aug. 27, 1858, in
Albia, Iowa. He is a telegraph operator,
machinist and civil engineer. He has
written extensively for the periodical
press, and his poems have appeared in
several standard works.
ORR, JOHN WILLIAM, wood-engraver,
was born March 31, 1815, in Ireland. His
first important work was for the frontis
pieces for Harper's Illustrated Shake
speare. When he removed to New York,
wood-engraving was but little used, but
by advertising extensively, engaging the
best assistants he could procure, and by
introducing new inventions, he placed his
establishment in the front rank of his
profession, which position it retained for
more than a quarter of a century. He
died March 4, 1887, in Jersey City.
ORR, ROBERT, congressman, was born
in Westmoreland county, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1825 to 1829.
ORR, ROBERT, inventor. He was the
inventor of an improved method of mak
ing scythes with the trip-hammer, and
was the pioneer in New England in the
manufacture of iron shovels. In 1804 he
was master-armorer at the United States
arsenal at Springfield, Mass.
ORR, WILLIAM, manufacturer, invent
or, was born March 13. 1808, in Ireland.
He was engaged in the printing of wall
paper under the firm name of A. and W.
Orr. His inventions consisted in engrav
ing and disposing the designs or patterns
on a cylinder.
ORRICK, JOHN CROMWELL, lawyer,
state legislator, was born Oct. 25, 1840, in
St. Charles, Mo. In 1866 he was elected
circuit attorney; and in 1868 was elected
to the Missouri house of representatives.
ORTH, GODLOVE STONER, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
April 22, 1817, near Lebanon, Pa. In 1843
and 1846 he was elected to the Indiana
state senate, serving six years in all, one
year as president of that body. He was a
presidential elector in 1848, and was a
member of the peace congress of 1861.
In 1862 he was elected a representative
from Indiana to the thirty-eighth con
gress. He was re-elected to the thirty-
ninth, fortieth, forty-first and forty-third
congresses. In 1875 he was appointed
minister to Austria. He was again elect
ed to congress as a representative from
Indiana to the forty-sixth and forty-sev
enth congresses. He died Dec. 16, 1882, in
Lafayette, Ind.
ORTON, EDWARD, geologist, college
president, was born March 9, 1829, in De
posit, N. Y. During 1873-81 he was presi
dent of the Ohio State university, and
still holds the chair of geology in that
institution. Since 1869 he has been state
geologist of Ohio and in 1896 was elected
president of the Geological society of
America. He is the author of Economic
Geology of Ohio; and Petroleum and In
flammable Gas.
ORTON, JAMES, educator, clergyman
author, was born April 21, 1830, in Sen
eca Falls, N. Y. He was a congregational
clergyman, well known as a naturalist,
who was professor of natural history at
Vassar college in 1869-77, and the author
of Comparative Zoology; The Andes and
the Amazon; Underground Treasures;
and Liberal Education of Women. He
died Sept. 25, 1877, in Peru.
ORTON, JASON ROCKWOOD, author,
poet, was born in 1806 in Hamilton, N. Y.
He was a litterateur of New York city, and
the author of Poetical Sketches; Arnold,
and Other Poems; Camp Fires of the Red
Men; and Confidential Experiences of a
Spiritualist. He died Feb. 13, 1867, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
ORTON, WILLIAM, was born June 14,
1826, in Cuba, N. Y. He was appointed
from that state in 1865 commissioner of
internal revenue in the United States
treasury, but only held the office one
year. He afterward became president of
the Western Union Telegraph company In
New York city.
ORUM, JULIA ANNA, educator, lec
turer, author, was born Oct. 28, 1843, In
Philadelphia, Pa. She has been principal
_______ in the Philadelphia
School of Elocution;
principal in Mt. Lake
Park Summer school
• of Voice Education;
i and instructor of
j voice training in the
j Woman's college of
11 Baltimore. She is a
I successful Shake-
P spearian reader and
lecturer; is the au-
„.-•;'. thor of a work en
titled Voice Educa
tion, and is a constant contributor to the
best periodical publications.
ORWIG, SAMUEL H., lawyer, legislator,
was born Aug. 18, 1836, in Mifflinburg, Pa.
He was admitted to the bar in 1860; and
was a member of the Pennsylvania state
legislature iji 1864-65, declining re-elec
tion.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
707
OSBOKN, CHASE S., journalist, public
official, was born Jan. 22, i860, in Hunt-
ington county, Ind. In 1880 he became
_____^_______ managing editor of
The Signal of Mil
waukee, Wis., and
subsequently filled
an editorial position
on the Milwaukee
Evening Wisconsin.
In 1883 he became
editor and part pro
prietor of the Flor
ence Mining News,
and in 1887 estab
lished the Miner and
Manufacturer of Mil
waukee, Wis. He then became city ed
itor of the Milwaukee Sentinel, and is now
the editor and proprietor of The News
of Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. He has been
state game and fish warden for the state
of Michigan; has been postmaster of his
city, and has taken an active part in the
public affairs of his city, county and state.
OSBORN, HENRY FAIRPIELD, educa
tor, author, was born in 1857 in Connecti
cut. He is a professor of biology at Col
umbia college, and the author of From the
Greeks to Darwin, an outline of the evo
lution idea.
OSBORN, HENRY STAFFORD, clergy
man, educator, author, was born Aug. 17,
1823, in Philadelphia. He is a presbyte-
rian clergyman and educator, and profes
sor in Miami university, Ohio, in 1871-73.
He is the author of Palestine Past and
Present; Fruits and Flowers of the Holy
Land; Scientific Metallurgy of Iron and
Steel in the United States; Manual of
Bible Geography; Ancient Egypt in the
Light of Recent Discoveries; Little Pil
grims in the Holy Land; New Descriptive
Geography of Palestine; The Prospect
or's Field Book and Guide; and A Prac
tical Manual of Minerals, Mines and Min
ing.
OSBORN, JOHN, soldier, physician, au
thor, was born March 17, 1741, in Middle-
town, Conn. He attained note as a chem
ist, and is said to have had the most
valuable medical library in the state. Be
fore the revolution he published a trans
lation of Condamine's Treatise on Inocu
lation, with an original appendix. He
died in June, 1825, in Middletown, Conn.
OSBORN, JOHN CHURCHILL, physi
cian, educator, poet, was born in Septem
ber, 1766, in Middletown, Conn. In 1808
he was appointed professor of the insti
tutes of medicine in Columbia, which of
fice he resigned in 1813 to accept the
chair of obstetrics in the New York col
lege of physicians and surgeons. He was
a connoisseur in poetry, belles-lettres, and
painting. Joel Barlow submitted the
poem of The Vision of Columbus to him
for revision. He died March 5, 1819, in
the Island of St. Croix.
OSBORN, JOHN E., physician, legis
lator, congressman, governor, was born
June 9, 1858, in Westport, N. Y. He was
elected in 1883 to the Wyoming territorial
legislature, and in 1888 was elected mayor
of the city of Rawlins. In 1892 he was
elected governor of Wyoming, and at the
expiration of his official term as govern
or he was unanimously renominated by
his party for a second term, but owing to
important business engagements declined
the honor. He was elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a democrat.
OSBORN, LAUGHTON, artist, was born
m 1809 in New York city. He was an
artist and writer of New York city, and
the author of Confessions of a Poet; Sixty
Years of the Life of Jeremy Levis; The
Vision of Rubeta; Arthur Carry! ; Hand
book of Oil Painting; and Travels by Sea
and Land. He died Dec. 12, 1878, in New
York city.
OSBORN, R. H., physician, surgeon,
state senator, was born June 27, 1823, in
North Bloomfield, Ohio. He taught
school for three
years, and in 1849
graduated from the
Medical college of
I Cleveland, Ohio. He
~dm I has attained success
L^ . I as an eminent phy-
• sician and surgeon of
Michigan, and is the
oldest physician on
Lake Superior. In
1877-78 he served
with distinction as
amemberof the state
senate of the Michigan state legislature. He
has been a school director for twenty-five
years; is vice-president of the Mer
chants' and Miners' bank of Calumet, and
a director of the Farmingdale Land and
Live Stock company of South Dakota.
OSBORN, SELLECK, journalist, poet,
was born in 1783 in Trumbull, Conn. He
was a journalist, once popular as a poet,
who published Poems, Moral. Sentimental,
and Satirical. He died Oct. 1, 1826, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
OSBORN, THOMAS A., lawyer, state
senator, governor, was born Oct. 26, 1836,
in Meadville, Pa. He practiced law in
Pontiac. Mich.; and was elected county
attorney of Doniphan county in 1858. He
was elected state senator in 1859; and in
1862 became president of the senate. The
same year he was elected lieutenant-gov
ernor of the state. He was United States
marshal from 1864 to 1866; and was elect
ed governor of Kansas in 1872 and re-elect
ed in 1874. He was United States minister
to Chili from 1877 to 1881; and in 1881 was
promoted to the post of United States
minister to Brazil.
OSBORN, THOMAS W., lawyer, soldier,
United States senator, was born March 9,
1836, in Scotch Plains, N. J. He was
elected to the Florida state senate; and
was elected a senator in congress from
Florida for the term ending in 1873.
OSBORNE, EDWIN S., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Aug. 7,
1839, in Bethany, Pa. In 1861 he enlisted
in the union army; and in 1863 was pro
moted to major and appointed assistant
inspector-general. After the close of the
war he was detailed as a judge advocate
in the bureau of military justice, at Wash
ington. In 1883 he was commander of
the department of Pennsylvania Grand
Army of the Republic. In 1884 he was
elected a representative-at-large from
Pennsylvania to the forty-ninth congress;
and re-elected to the fiftieth and fifty-first
congresses as a republican.
OSBORNE, JOHN E., physician, legisla
tor, governor, was born June 19, 1858, in
Westport, N. Y. He first was apprenticed
to a druggist in Ver
mont; later studied
medicine and attend
ed the medical lec
tures at the univer
sity of Vermont,
graduating in 1880.
He moved west,
opened a drug store
in Rawlins, Wyo.,
where he accumu
lated a fortune and
established an envi
able reputation as a
physician. He is probably the largest in
dividual sheep holder in Wyoming, his
flocks numbering over thirty thousand. In
1882 he was elected a member of the ter
ritorial legislature; in 1888 was elected
mayor of Rawlins; and in 1896 was elect
ed governor of Wyoming. He is president
of the Rawlins Electric Light company-
secretary of the Rawlins Wool Storage
company; president of the Rawlins Hotel
company; and director of a large drug
supply house.
OSBORNE, [SAMUEL] DUFFIELD au
thor, was born in 1858 on Long Island' He
is a litterateur of New York city and
the author of The Spell of Ashtaroth; and
The Robe of Nessus.
OSBORNE, THOMAS B., lawyer, jurist,
educator, congressman, was born in 1797
in Fairfield county, Conn. He was for
several years judge of Fairfield county
Conn.; and was a representative in con
gress from 1839 to 1843. In 1848 he set
tled in New Haven, and became a pro
fessor in the law department of Yale col
lege. He died Sept. 2, 1869, in New Ha
ven, Conn.
OSBORNE, THOMAS M., railroad presi-
c'fnt' wa« lJ°m Sept. 23, 1859, in Auburn,
In 1886 he became president of
the Owasco River railroad, at Auburn,
OSBURN, NEHEMIAH, contractor was
born Aug. 9, 1801, in Pompey N Y He
constructed for the United States court
bouses in Detroit, Cincinnati and Balti
more, beside government buildings in
Milwaukee, Rochester and many other
cities. He died Jan. 10, 1892, in Rochester,
OSCANYAN, HATCHIK, author, was
born in 1818 in Turkey. He is an Ar
menian writer of New York city who took
the name of Christopher; and is the au
thor of Acaby, a satirical romance- Ve
ronica, a novel; Bedig, a work for young
readers; and The Sultan and His People,
once a very popular work.
OSGOOD, MRS. FRANCES SARGENT
[LOCKE], poet, was born June 18, 1811,
in Boston, Mass. She was a poet whose
poems were for a time extremely popular.
She was the author of The Casket of
Fate; A Wreath of Wild Flowers from
New England; The Happy Release, a play
written for Sheridan Knowles; and Poems.
She died May 12, 1850, in Hingham Mass
OSGOOD, GAYTON P., state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1797. He served
in the Massachusetts legislature in 1829
and 1831; and was a representative in con
gress from Massachusetts from 1832 to
1835. He died June 26, 1861.
OSGOOD, HELEN LOUISE GIBSON,
philanthropist, was born about 1835 in
Boston, Mass. She organized and con
ducted for many months a hospital for
one thousand colored soldiers of the army
of the Potomac, and displayed great exec
utive ability. She died April 20, 1868 in
Newton Centre, Mass.
OSGOOD, HOWARD, clergyman, educa
tor, was born Jan. 4, 1831, in Plaquemine
parish, La. In 1868 he was called to the
professorship of Hebrew in Crozer Theo
logical seminary, Pa. In 1875 he was
elected to the same chair in Rochester
Theological seminary.
OSGOOD, JASON C., inventor, was boTn
Nov. 16, 1804, in Nassau, N. Y. In 1846
he invented the celebrated Osgood dredg
ing machine, which made his name known
the world over.
OSGOOD, KATE PUTNAM, author, po-
et> was born in 1841 in Fryeburg, Maine.
Her best known poem, Driving Home the
Cows, published anonymously in Harper's
Magazine, in March, 1865, was copied by
nearly every journal in the United States,
and was one of the few poems of merit
that were suggested by the civil war.
708
HERRI NOSH AWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
OSGOOD, SAMUEL, soldier, merchant,
state senator, congressman, author, was
born Feb. 14, 1748, in Andover, Mass. He
was a member of the provincial congress.
He was a member of the house until 1780,
and then state senator. He was delegate
to the continental congress from 1780 to
1784; first commissioner of the United
States treasury from 1785 to 1789; and
United States postmaster-general from
1789 to 1791. He was the author of Chro
nology; Remarks on Daniel and Revela
tion; Letters on Episcopacy; Theology
and Metaphysics, and other subjects. He
died Aug. 12, 1813, in New York city.
OSGOOD, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 30, 1812, in Charlestown,
Pa. He was a Unitarian clergyman, pas
tor of the Church of the Messiah in New
York city in 1849-69. He was the author
of Studies in Christian Biography; God
with Men; Mile-Stones in our Life Jour
ney; The Hearthstone; Student Life; The
Gospel Among the Animals; and Ameri
can Leaves. He died April 14, 1880, in
New York city.
O'SHEA, JOHN, public officer, legisla
tor, was born Feb. 17, 1859, in Chicago.
111. During 1882-86 he was deputy county
clerk; olerk in election commissioner's of
fice in 1888; division clerk in the water
office during 1889-91; and deputy clerk of
the superior court during 1893-97. He
served with distinction in the thirty-
third, thirty-fourth and fortieth general
assemblies of the Illinois state legislature.
He is also interested in the real estate
business.
OSLER. WILLIAM, physician, educa
tor, author, was born in 1849 in Ontario.
He is a physician, professor in Johns Hop
kins university since 1889; and the author
of Clinical Notes on Small-Pox; Histology
Notes for Students; Cerebral Palsies of
Children; Principles and Practice of Med
icine; and Diagnosis of Abdominal Tum
ors.
OSMER, J. H., lawyer, congressman,
was born Jan. 22, 1833. He moved to
Franklin, Pa., in 1865; was a member of
the republican state committee; and a
delegate to the republican national con
vention of 1876. He was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the forty-
sixth congress as a republican.
OSMOND ALFRED, educator, jurist,
poet was born Oct. 5, 1861, in Willard.
Utah. In 1886 he graduated from the Des-
eret university of
Salt Lake City, Utah.
He studied law in
the university of
Michigan. During
1886-88 he taught
school. He moved to
Paris, Idaho, and
was there elected pro
bate judge of Bear
Lake county, and
county superinten
dent of schools. He
is the author of a
volume of poems and has contributed ex-
tensnely to current literature, and his
poems have been given a place in sev
eral standard collections.
OSMOND. S. M., author, poet. He is
the author of Sulamith, a metrical ro
mance.
OSMUN, GILBERT R., soldier, journal
ist, was born Oct. 8, 1845, in Newark, N.
J. ' He became city editor of the Times
of Port Huron, Mich., then of the Sagi-
naw Republican; and for ten years was
state editor of the Detroit Evening News.
He was private secretary to Gov. Alger
until he assumed the duties of secretary
of state.
OSMUN, THOMAS EMBLEY, author,
was born Feb. 26, 1826. in Summit county,
Ohio. He is an author of New York city;
and has written The Verbalist; The Or-
thoepist; an annotated edition of Cob-
bett's Grammar; The Mentor; Acting and
Actors; and The Essentials of Elocution.
OSTROM, ERNEST R., journalist, poet,
was born April 1, 1868, near Victor, Iowa.
He is the editor and part owner of the
Criterion of Danbury, Iowa; has contrib
uted extensively to periodical literature;
and some of his poems have appeared in
standard collections.
OSWALD, FELIX LEOPOLD, natural
ist, author, was born in 1845 in Belgium.
He is a naturalist of Tennessee; and the
author of Physical Education; Summer-
land Sketches; Zoological Sketches;
Household Remedies; The Secret of the
East, or the Origin of the Christian Re
ligion; Days and Nights in the Tropics:
The Bible of Nature; and The Poison
Problem.
OTERO, MARIANO S., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 29, 1844, in
Peralta, N. M. He was probate judge from
1871 to 1879; was nominated a delegate to
the forty-fourth congress, but declined;
and was elected a delegate from New Mex
ico to the forty-sixth congress as a repub
lican.
OTERO, MIGUEL A., lawyer, legisla
tor, congressman, was born June 21, 1829,
in Valencia, N. M. He was elected to
the New Mexico territorial legislature. For
a time he held the office of attorney-gen
eral for the territory; and in 1855 was
elected a delegate to congress from New
Mexico. He died May 31, 1882.
OTEY, JAMES HARVEY, educator,
clergyman, bishop, was born Jan. 27, 1800.
in Liberty, Va. In 1820 he graduated
from the university
of North Carolina;
and became a tutor
in Latin and Greek
in that institution.
He was ordained a
clergyman of the
protestant episcopal
church; and was
consecrated bishop
of Tennessee in 1834.
He was the pioneer
bishop of his church
in the southwest;
and became known as the Good Bishop.
He published numerous addresses and
sermons; and one volume entitled The
Unity of the Church. He died April 23,
1863, in Memphis, Tenn.
OTEY, PETER J., soldier, congressman,
was born Dec. 22, 1840, in Lynchburg, Va.
He joined the confederate army and par
ticipated in the west
ern campaign culmi
nating at Donelson
and Shiloh. He re
turned with his com
mand and was with
the army of northern
Virginia and re
mained in the in
fantry until the close
of the war. His ca
reer has been that of
a thorough business
man in railroad,
banking and insurance since 1869, from
which time he has been active in the poli
tics of his state, though never asking for
office till 1894, when he was elected to
the fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a democrat.
OTIS, CHARLES EUGENE, lawyer, jur
ist, was born in 1847 in Prairieville, Mich.
He moxed to Minnesota in 1871; served
one year as a member of the St. Paul
board of education; and two terms as a
member of the common council. In 1889
he was appointed judge to fill a vacancy;
was elected to the same office in 1890,
and re-elected in 1896.
OTIS. ELISHA GRAVES, inventor, was
born Aug. 3, 1811, in Halifax, Vt. He put
into practical operation a hoisting ma
chine that embodied some novel features
calculated to automatically prevent loss
of life in case of the breaking of the lift
ing cable. In 1867 his sons organized a
stock company to carry on the manufac
ture of his inventions, and its business
now amounts to about $2,000,000 per an
num. He died April 8, 1861, in Yonkers,
N. Y.
OTIS, ELIZA A., journalist, poet. She
is the author of a volume of poems en
titled Echoes from Elfland. She is the
wife' of Col. Harrison Gray Otis, owner
and editor-in-chief of the Los Angeles
Times, of which publication Mrs. Otis is
associate editor.
OTIS, MRS. ELIZA [HENDERSON],
journalist, poet, was born July 27, 1796, in
Boston, Mass. She was a once prominent
philanthropist and social leader in Bos
ton who wrote The Barclays of Boston, a
novel. She died April 8, 1861, in Yonkers,
N. Y.
OTIS, ELWELL STEPHEN, soldier, au
thor, was born March 25, 1838, in Freder
ick City, Md. He is a United States
army officer; and the author of The In
dian Question.
OTIS, FESSENDEN NOTT, physician,
author, was born May 6, 1825, in Balls-
ton, N. Y. He is a physician of New York
city; and the author of Lessons in Draw
ing; Tropical Journeyings; History of the
Panama Railroad; Stricture of the Male
Urethra; Clinical Lessons on Syphilis;
and Physiology of Syphilitic Infection.
OTIS, GEORGE ALEXANDER, surgeon,
author, was born Nov. 12, 1830, in Boston,
Mass. He was a surgeon who was cura
tor of the Army Medical museum at
Washington; and the author of Report
of Surgical Cases Treated in the United
States Army, 1867-71; and Amputation at
the Hip Joint. He died Feb. 23, 1881, in
Washington, D. C.
OTIS, HARRISON GRAY, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, United States
senator, was born Oct. 8, 1765, in Boston,
Mass. He was for many years an active
and leading member of the Massachusetts
state legislature, serving as speaker and
president of the senate. He was chosen a
representative in congress from the Suf
folk district in 1797, and served through
President Adams's administration. In
1817 he was chosen a senator in congress,
where he remained for five years. He was
also judge of the court of common pleas;
and mayor of Boston. He was the author
of Letters in Defense of the Hartford Con
vention; and Orations and Addresses. He
died Oct. 28, 1848, in Boston, Mass.
OTIS, JAMES, soldier, orator, author,
was born Feb. 5, 1725, in West Barnstable,
Mass. He was a celebrated orator and
politician, and one of the most active ad
vocates of American independence. He
was the author of Rights of the British
Colonies Asserted and Approved; Vindica
tion of the British Colonies; Consider
ations on Behalf of the Colonists; and A
Vindication of the Rights of the House of
Representatives of Massachusetts Bay. He
was killed by lightning May 23, 1783, in
Andover, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
709
OTIS, JOHN, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1801 in Maine.
He served five years in the Maine legisla
ture; was a commissioner for settling the
northeastern boundary; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Maine from
1849 to 1851. He died Oct. 17, 1856.
OTIS, JOHN GRANT, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 10, 1838, in
Danby. Vt. For over twenty years he
has been engaged in the dairy business
near Topeka, Kas. He was elected to the
fifty-second congress as a people's party
candidate.
OTIS, NORTON PRENT1SS, manufac
turer, state legislator, was born March
18, 1840, in Halifax, Vt. He is president
of Otis Brothers and Company. Some of
the largest elevators in the world are the
product of these works, including the one
in the Washington monument, and the
famous elevator in the Eiffel tower in
Paris. He was elected mayor of Yonkers
in 1880 and state assemblyman in 1883.
OTIS, SAMUEL ALLYNE, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Nov. 24,
1740, in Barnstable, Mass. In 1776 he was
a representative in the assembly; and sub
sequently a member of the convention
•which framed the constitution of Massa
chusetts. From 1787 to 1788 he was a
delegate to the continental congress, and
upon the adoption of the constitution was
appointed secretary of the senate, holding
that office for more than thirty years. He
died April 22, 1814, in Washington.
OTJEN, THEOBOLD, lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 27, 1851, in West
China, Mich. He practiced law in De
troit during 1875-83,
' when he removed to
* Milwaukee, where he
has since resided, en
gaged in the practice
of law and in the
real estate business.
He was elected a
member of the com
mon council of the
city of Milwaukee in
1887, and was re-
elected for three suc
cessive terms, serv
ing seven years in all. He was a trustee
of the Milwaukee public library from 1887
to 1891, and a trustee of the Milwaukee
public museum from 1891 to 1894. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth and re-elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
OTKEN, CHARLES H., clergyman, ed
ucator, college president, author, was born
Feb. 26, 1839. in New Orleans, La. He
received the rudiments of his education in
the public and private schools, and at
tended the Mississippi college of Clinton.
During 1867-77 he was principal of the
Peabody public school of Summit, Miss.;
was founder of the Lea Female college of
Summit, and ser\ed as its president for
seventeen years. Since 1894 he has been
president of the McComb Female institute,
Miss. He has been trustee of the univer
sity of Mississippi for four years, and a
trustee of the Mississippi college for
twelve years, from which latter institution
he received the degree of LL. D. He is
the author of a work on economics en
titled The Ills of the South; and has con
tributed essays and various articles to
the Times-Democrat of New Orleans, and
other publications. In 1864 he was or
dained a clergyman in the baptist church;
has filled several pastorates in Missis
sippi; and for twelve years gave his
whole time to teaching. He was twice
offered the position of state superinten
dent of public education in Mississippi,
but declined the honor.
OTT, ISAAC, physician, author, was
born Nov. 30, 1847, in Northampton coun
ty, Pa. He is a physician who has pub
lished Cocaine, Veratria, and Gelseminum;
Action of Medicines; and Physiology and
Pathology of the Nervous System.
OTTENDORFER, ANNA, philanthro
pist, was born Feb. 13, 1815, in Moravia.
In 1875 she established in Astoria, L. I.,
the Isabella Home for Aged Women,
named in memory of a deceased daughter,
expending $150,000 on the building and
endowment. She contributed $40,000 to
an educational fund, built the women's
pavilion of the German hospital, New
York city, at a cost of $75,000, and gave
$100,000 for a German dispensary. She
died April 1, 1884, in New York city.
OTTENDORFER, OSWALD, journalist,
was born Dec. 26, 1826, in Moravia. In
1872-74 he was an alderman, and in 1874
a candidate for mayor of New York city.
He gave $300,000 to build and endow an
educational institution in his native town
in Austria, founded on Long Island a home
for aged and indigent men, and estab
lished the Ottendorfer free library in Sec
ond avenue, New York city, at an original
cost of $50,000, which has been augmented
by annual gifts.
OTTO, WILLIAM TOD, lawyer, jurist,
was born Jan. 19, 1817, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was elected a district judge in
Indiana for six years; and became a pro
fessor of law in the university of Indiana.
In 1863 he was appointed assistant secre
tary of the interior department, and re
mained in that position until 1871, when
he was appointed arbitrator on the part
of the United States, on the commission
for the settlement of claims of American
citizens against Spain. In 1875 he was
appointed reporter of decisions of the su
preme court.
OTTS, JOHN MARTIN PHILIP, clergy
man, author, was born June 7, 1838, in
Union, S. C. He is a presbyterian min
ister of Talladega, Ala.; and the author of
Nicodemus with Jesus; Light and Life for
a Dead World; The Southern Pen and
Pulpit; Inter-denominational Literature;
The Gospel of Honesty; Laconisms; The
Fifth Gospel; Unsettled Questions; and
At Mother's Knee.
OURY, GRANVILLE H., legislator, con
gressman, was born March 12, 1825, in
Abington, Va. In 1849 he went to Cali
fornia and engaged in mining; and in 1856
settled in Arizona. He was elected a rep
resentative in the territorial legislature in
1866, 1873 and 1875, serving as speaker the
first two terms. He was elected a dele
gate from Arizona to the forty-seventh
congress as a democrat.
OUTCALT, OTTO O., journalist, legis
lator, .was born Nov. 2, 1858, in Wilming
ton, Ohio. He is the editor and owner of
The Courier of Burlington, Kas., in
which state he has served as a member of
the legislature.
OUTERBRIDGE, ALBERT ALBONY,
lawyer, journalist, was born April 20, 1841,
in Bermuda. Since 1874 he has been the
editor-in-chief of the Weekly Notes of
Cases, of which seventeen volumes have
been published in Philadelphia. He was
appointed reporter to the supreme court
of Pennsylvania in 1881, and edited sev
eral volumes of reports. This office he
resigned Jan. 1, 1885, to become the trust
officer of the Land Title and Trust com
pany of Philadelphia.
OUTHWAITE, JOSEPH H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 5, 1841, in Cleve
land, Ohio. He was elected prosecuting
attorney of Franklin county, Ohio, in 1874,
and again in 1876. He was one of the
trustees of the County Children's home
from 1879 until 1883; was one of the trus
tees of the sinking fund of the city of
Columbus in 1883; and in 1884 was reap-
pointed for a term of five years. He was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
forty-ninth congress; and was re-elected
to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a democrat. In
1895 he was appointed civilian member of
the board of ordnance and fortification,
Columbus, Ohio.
OUTLAW, DAVID, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Bertie county, N. C. He
served three years in the house of com
mons; was elected solicitor of Edenton
district in 1836; and was a representative
in congress from North Carolina from
1847 to 1853.
OUTLAW, GEORGE C., state senator,
congressman, was born in Bertie county,
N. C. He was a member of the house of
commons in 1796; and in the North Caro
lina state senate a number of years there
after. He was a representative in con
gress during the years 1824 and 1825. He
died Aug. 15, 1836.
OVALL, JOHN, journalist, clergyman,
lecturer, was born Jan. 28. 1863, in Swe
den. He is a successful pastor of the Scan
dinavian methodist
episcopal church;
has organized
churches and secured
church properties at
Port Lavaca, Vic
toria, Jasmine, Gan-
ado, Louise, El Cam-
po and Galveston,
Texas. In Galveston
he also organized the
Galveston Port so
ciety, of which he is
chaplain. He found
ed and edited the Gospel Herald, and
now fills a pastorate in Georgetown,
Texas.
OVERALL, JOHN WILFORD, journal
ist, author, poet, was born Sept. 25, 1822,
In Shenandoah Valley, Va. He has been
editorially connected with the press of
Mobile, Richmond, Galveston and St.
Louis; and from 1876 with the press of
New York, principally as literary editor
of the Mercury. He is the author of
Catechism of the Constitution of the
United States; and a number of meritori
ous poems.
OVERMAN, FREDERICK, civil engin
eer, author, was born about 1810 in Ger
many. He was a mining engineer of
Philadelphia; and the author of The
Manufacture of Iron; The Manufacture of
Steel; Political Mineralogy; Moulder's
and Founder's Pocket Guide; Mechanics
tor the Millwright, etc.; and Treatise on
Metallurgy. He died in 1852 in Philadel
phia, Pa.
OVERMAN, LEE S., lawyer, legislator,
was born Jan. 3, 1854, in Salisbury, N. C.
He is a successful lawyer of his native
city; was a member of the house of repre
sentatives of North Carolina in 1883, 1885,
1887 and in 1893, and was speaker of the
house during the latter term. He has been
president of the North Carolina Railroad
company; and in 1897 was the democratic
nominee for United States senator.
OVERMYER, JOHN, legislator. This
able lawyer has served as a member of
the Indiana state legislature, and was
elected speaker of the house.
OVERSTREET, JAMES, congressman,
was born in Barnwell, S. C. He was a rep-
resentatn e in congress from that state
from 1819 to 1822. He died in 1822.
710
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
OVERSTREET, JESSE, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 14, 1859, in
Johnson county, Ind. He was admitted
to the bar in 1886; and is a successful law
yer of Indianapolis, Ind. He was elected
to the fifty-fourth and re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
OVERTON, EDWARD, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 4, 1836, in
Towanda, Pa. He served in the union
army from 1861 to 1864, rising to the rank
of lieutenant-colonel. He was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-fifth and forty-sixth congresses as a
republican.
OVERTON. WALTER H., congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from Louisiana from 1829 to 1831.
OWEN, ABRAHAM, soldier, jurist, leg
islator, was born in 1769 in Prince Ed
ward county, Va. He was surveyor of
Shelby county in 1796, subsequently a mag
istrate, and colonel of the first militia
regiment raised in Kentucky. He was in
the legislature in 1798, a member of the
state constitutional convention the next
year, and state senator in 1810. He died
Nov. 7, 1811, in Tippecanoe county, Ind.
OWEN, ALFRED, clergyman, college
president, was born July 20, 1829, in
China, Maine. He has filled pastorates
in various cities and for several years was
president of the Denison university of
Granville, Ohio. He is now president of
the Roger Williams university of Nash
ville, Tenn.
OWEN, ALLEN F., diplomat, congress
man, was born in North Carolina. He
moved to Georgia; and was elected a rep
resentative in congress from 1849 to 1851.
He was subsequently appointed consul at
Havana.
OWEN. DAVID DALE, geologist, au
thor, was born June 24, 1807, in Scotland.
He was state geologist of Indiana; and
the author of Report of a Geological Sur
vey of Kentucky; Geological Survey of
Wisconsin; and Report of a Geological
Reconnoissance. He died Nov. 13, 1860,
in New Harmony, Ind.
OWEN, FRANCIS BROWNING, lawyer,
poet, was born in October, 1830, in Ma-
comb county, Mich. He attended the
Branch university of Ann Arbor, Mich.,
and has attained success as a noted law
yer in Berrien Springs, Mich. He is the
author of The Legend of Winona; Poems;
Columbia, and Other Poems; Two Bells;
Forty Sonnets; and other poetical works.
OWEN, GEORGE W., congressman,
was born in 1798 in Brunswick county, Va.
He was a speaker of the house of repre
sentatives in Alabama; and mayor of Mo
bile. He was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1823 to 1829,
when he was appointed collector of the
port of Mobile. He died Aug. 18, 1839 in
Mobile, Ala.
OWEN, JAMES, planter, state legisla
tor, congressman, was born in 1784 in
Bladen county, N. C. He was a general of
militia; and was four years a member
of the legislature. He was a representa
tive in congress from North Carolina from
1817 to 1819. He died Sept. 4 1865, in
Wilmington, N. C.
OWEN. JOHN, planter, state legislator,
goxernor, was born in August, 1787, in
Bladen county, N. C. He was in the legis
lature in 1812-28; and was elected govern
or of North Carolina in the latter year.
He died Oct. 12, 1841, in Pittsburg, N. C.
OWEN, JOHN, publisher, was born
March 28, 1805, in Portland, Maine. He
aided Mr. Longfellow in the preparation
of his Poems of Places, especially in veri-
fying authorship. He was also the friend
and literary adviser of Charles Sumner,
and induced him to publish his writings in
a uniform edition. He died April 22, 1882,
in Cambridge, Mass.
OWEN, JOHN JASON, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 13, 1803, in Cole-
brook, Conn. He was a presbyterian
clergyman and educator of New York
city; and the author of Commentary on
the Gospels; Acts of the Apostles in
Greek, with Lexicon; and text-book edi
tions of Xenophon, Thucydides, and Ho
mer. He died April 18, 1869, in New York
city.
OWEN, JOSHUA THOMAS, soldier, law
yer, state legislator, journalist, was born
March 29, 1821, in Wales. He founded in
1871 the New York Daily Register, a law
journal, which became the official organ
of the New York courts in 1873, and he
continued on its editorial staff until his
death. He died Nov. 7, 1887, in Chestnut
Hill, Pa.
OWEN, MARY ALICIA, author. Her
work entitled Voodoo Tales has been a
pronounced success in America and Eu-
^^^^^^^ rope. She has also
^fc. ' written a book en-
^JBh ! titled Voodoo Mag-
^C Ip^ ic, for the English
,?, ; Folk-Lore Society;
I and a novel of In-
I dianlifeentitled The
'f'^m. » , [ Daughter of Alon-
ette; and she is also
the author of Myths,
Customs and Cere
monials of the Al
gonquin Tribes in
the Middle West.
Since 1892 she has read many papers
on Indian life before eastern and south
ern audiences; and she possesses one of
the largest collections of Indian bead-
work in the world.
OWEN, MOSES, poet, was born in 1838,
in Bath, Maine. He was the author of a
volume of poems entitled Plymouth
Church, and Other Poems. He died in
November, 1878, in Augusta, Maine.
OWEN, RICHARD, geologist, author,
was born Jan. 6, 1810, in Scotland. He
was a geologist of New Harmony, Ind.
He succeeded his brother David as state
geologist in I860, and was author of a Key
to the Geology of the Globe. He died in
1890.
OWEN, ROBERT, social reformer, phi
lanthropist, was born May 14, 1771, in
North Wales. He endeavored to embody
his social reform principles in a communi
ty three times, the last at New Harmony,
Ind., but they were all unsuccessful. His
followers bore the name of Owenites, from
which sprang the English Chartists. He
died Nov. 19, 1858, in North Wales.
OWEN. ROBERT DALE, state legisla
tor, congressman, author, was born Nov.
9, 1800, in Scotland. In 1835 he was cho
sen to the Indiana legislature, and twice
re-elected. In 1843 he was elected a repre
sentative in congress from Indiana, and
re-elected in 1845. In 1853 he was ap
pointed minister to Naples. He was ac
tive in political life, and was an ardent
advocate of spiritualism. He was the au
thor of Outlines of the System of
Education at New Lanark; Moral Physi
ology; Popular Traits: Pocahontas, a
drama; Hints on Public Architecture; The
Wrong of Slavery and the Right of Free
dom; Footfalls on the Boundary of An
other World; Beyond the Breakers, a
novel; Threading my Way; and Debat
able Land between this World and the
Next. He died June 17, 1877, on Lake
George, N. Y.
OWEN, ROBERT LATHAM, lawyer,
politician, banker, was born Feb. 2. 1856,
in Lynchburg, Va. He attended the Wash-
^^^^^^^^^^^ ington and Lee uni-
^Hj^BB^k versity of Lexington,
^^^^ Va.; took the debat
ers' medal, the presi-
•. dent's scholarship;
was valedictorian of
his class; and in 1877
received the degree
of A. M. He then
taught school in Bal-
^P^^^. timore. and in the
I Cherokee Orphan
/ ^^^<JB9 asylum. He edited
the Indian Chieftain;
was secretary of the Old Settlers of Cher
okee; was secretary of the board of edu
cation of the Cherokee nation; president
of the Indian International Fair associa
tion; was United States Indian agent to
the Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws,
Creeks, and Seminoles. He served as
secretary of the first bar association in
Indian territory; founded and became
president of the First National bank of
Muskogee in 1890; and was fiscal agent for
the Choctaw nation with a one-million-
dollar bond in 1889. Mr. Owen has dis
tinguished himself by diplomatic services
rendered the Indians of the Indian terri
tory; framed the present school laws,
of the Cherokee nation, and organized on
improved lines their schools.
OWEN, SAMUEL JOSEPH, farmer,
journalist, was born Dec. 30, 1867, near
Blue Mountain, Miss. He is a successful
farmer and editor and publisher of The
Southern Sentinel of Ripley, Miss. He
has filled various offices of trust in his
county and state; and is prominent in
religious affairs.
OWEN, TIMOTHY S.. educator, lawyer,
author, was born July 18, 1865, near Pey-
tonsburg, Ky. He obtained a common
school education and
was engaged i n
I teaching in the public
I schools of his native
county for three
years. He attended
the National Normal
unhersity at Leba
non, Ohio; studied
law and was ad
mitted to the bar by
the supreme court of
the state of Ohio in
1893. He has built up
a very lucrative law practice in Muncie,
Ind.; and is one of the prominent repub
lican speakers of his section of the coun
try. He was engaged in a number of
joint discussions with the best orators
and speakers of the democratic party and
advocates of free silver.
OWEN, WILLIAM D., clergyman, con
gressman, author, was born Sept. 6, 1846,
in Bloomington, Ind. He entered the min
istry of the Christian church, and re
moved to Logansport in 1881. In 1884
he was elected a representative from In
diana to the forty-ninth congress; and
was re-elected to the fiftieth and fifty-first
congresses as a republican. He was en
gaged in literary pursuits, being the au
thor, among other writings, of Success in
Life; and The Genius of Industry.
OWEN, WILLIAM MILLER, soldier,
author, was born Jan. 10, 1832, in Cincin
nati, Ohio. He ser\ed in the confederate
army with the Washington artillery of
New Orleans. In 1890 he assisted Mrs.
Jefferson Davis in the preparation of the
military chapters of her Memoir of her
husband. He is the author of In Camp
and Battle with the Washington Artil
lery. He died Jan. 10,1893, in New Orleans.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
711
OWENS, MRS. FRANCES E., educator,
journalist, author, was born May 4, 1843,
in Sidney, N. Y. She taught for eight
years in the Chicago public schools. She
is the author of Mrs. Owens's Cook Book,
which has had an extensive sale in the
United States. She is also the author of
a very comprehensive Household Manual;
and is the associate editor of The Chef, a
culinary magazine of Chicago.
OWENS, GEORGE W., lawyer, con
gressman. He was a prominent member
of the Georgia bar; and was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1835 to 1839. He died in 1856, in Savan
nah.
OWENS, JAMES W., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Oct.
24, 1837, in Springfield township, Ind. He
was elected prosecuting attorney of Lick
ing county in 1867, and re-elected in 1869.
He was elected to the Ohio senate in 1875,
and re-elected in 1877, and was elected
president of the senate. He was elected
to the fifty-first, and re-elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat.
OWENS, WILLIAM A., lawyer, was
born Feb. 4, 1862, in Well Spring, Tenn.
He attended the best schools; was ad
mitted to the bar, and has attained suc
cess as an able lawyer in Tazewell, Tenn.
OWENS, WILLIAM CLAIBORNE, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Oct. 17, 1849, in Scott county, Ky. He
was elected county attorney for Scott coun
ty in 1874, and resigned in 1877. He served
five terms in the Kentucky legislature,
one term as speaker of the house of rep
resentatives. He was democratic elector
in 1880 ami delegate from the state at
large to the Chicago convention in 1892.
He was elected to the fifty-fourth congress
as a democrat.
OWSLEY, BRYAN Y., congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was a repre-
sentath e in congress from that state from
1841 to 1843.
OWSLEY, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, governor, was born in
1782, in Virginia. He represented Gar-
rard county for several years in the Ken
tucky legislature; and was judge of the
supreme court of the state from 1812 to
1828. He removed to Boyle county in
1843; and was governor of Kentucky from
1844 to 1848. He died in December, 1862,
in Danville, Ky.
OXENBRIDGE, JOHN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Jan. 30, 1609, in England.
He was a popular preacher, and published
The Duty of Watchfulness; Election Ser
mon; Seasonable Seeking of God; and
Proposition for Propagating the Gospel by
Christian Colonies in Guiana. He died
Dec. 28, 1674, in Boston, Mass.
PABOR, WILLIAM EDGAR, journalist,
author, poet, was born May 31, 1834, in
Harlem, N. Y. In 1870 he moved to Col
orado; and he was one of the founders
of Greeley, Colorado Springs, and Fort
Collins. In 1888 he founded The Fruita
Star; and was subsequently president of
the Colorado State Editorial association.
He now resides in Denver; and is a con
stant contributor of both prose and verse
to periodical literature.
PABST, FREDERICK, brewer, was
born March 28, 1836, in Germany. He is
the proprietor of the largest brewery in
the world in Milwaukee, Wis. He now
controls about $4,000,000 of real estate in
Milwaukee aside from the breweries, and
owns the Wauwatosa farm near the city,
devoted to the breeding of Percheron
horses. He is president of the Wisconsin
National bank.
PACA, WILLIAM, signer of the declara
tion of independence, was born Oct. 31,
1740, in Wye Hall, Md. He was a member
of the Maryland legislature in 1771, and
opposed the royal government. He was a
delegate to the continental congress from
1774 to 1779; and was a signer of the
declaration of independence.-'He was state
senator from 1777 to 1779; chief justice
of the state from 1778 to 1780; and chief
judge of the court of appeals and ad
miralty from 1780 to 1782. He was elected
governor in 1782 and 1786. He was a
member of the convention which ratified
the constitution in 1788; and was United
States district judge from 1789 until his
death. He died in 1799.
PACHECO, ROMUALDO, agriculturist,
lawyer, jurist, state senator, congress
man, was born Oct. 31, 1831, in Santo
Barbara, Cal. He was a representative in
the California state legislature in 1853;
and in 1855 was elected county judge, and
sen ed four years. He was a state senator
in 1851, and again in 1861. He was elected
state treasurer in 1863; and was again in
the state legislature in 1868. He was
elected lieutenant-governor in 1871; and
became governor by the election of Gov
ernor Booth to the United States senate.
He was elected a representative from Cali
fornia to the forty-fifth congress, but his
seat was successfully contested; and was
re-elected to the forty-sixth and forty-
seventh congresses as a republican.
PACKARD, ALPHEUS SPRING, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born in 1798,
in Chelmsford, Mass. In 1816 he gradu
ated from Bowdoin
college, and subse
quently attained suc
cess in educational
work. During 1819-24
he was a tutor in his
alma mater; during
1824-65 he filled the
chair of Latin and
• Greek languages;
and was also college
librarian. He edited
I the works of Dr. Ap-
pleton in two vol
umes; contributed valuable papers on the
history of the monument on Bunker Hill
to the Maine Historical society; and va
rious other papers to the North American
Review and other publications. He died
July 13, 1884, on Squirrel Island, Maine.
PACKARD, ALPHEUS SPRING, natu
ralist, educator, author, was born Feb. 19,
1S39, in Brunswick, Maine. He is a natu
ralist of eminence, and professor of geol
ogy and zoology in Brown university since
1878. He is the author of Zoology; Life
Histories of Animals, or Comparative Em
bryology; Guide to the Study of Insects;
Half-Hours with Insects; Our Common
Insects; Entomology for Beginners; A
Naturalist on the Labrador Coast; and
Observations on the Glacial Phenomena
of Labrador and Maine.
PACKARD, MRS. ELIZABETH PAR
SONS WARE, reformer, philanthropist,
was born in 1816, in Ware, Mass. Her
father was the founder of the town of her
nativity. She secured the adoption for
thirty-four states of laws for the protec
tion of insane persons; and further se
cured in many states legal recognition of
married women regarding their property.
She gave thirty years of her life to this
humane work, and expended fifty thou
sand dollars in prosecuting the work. She
died in July, 1895.
PACKARD, FREDERICK ADOLPHUS,
author, was born Sept. 25, 1794, in Marl-
borough, Mass. He was a Philadelphia
writer and editor for nearly forty years
of the publications of the American Sun
day School union. He was the author of
The Teacher Taught; Life of Robert
Owen; Visit to European Hospitals; The
Teacher Teaching; and Union Bible Dic
tionary. He died Nov. 11, 1867, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
PACKARD, HEZEKIAH, soldier, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born Dec.
6, 1761, in North Bridgewater, Mass. He
originated the Bible society of Lincoln
county, Maine; the Eastern Evangelical
society, which existed for a few years;
and was a member of the board of trus
tees and overseers of Bowdoin college for
more than twenty years. He published
The Christian's Manual, and numerous
sermons. He died April 22, 1849, in Sa
lem, Mass.
PACKARD, JASPER, soldier, lawyer,
journalist, congressman, was born Feb. 1,
1832, in Austintown, Ohio. He moved to
Laporte, Ind., and there edited the Union
newspaper. In 1865 he was appointed a
brigadier-general by brevet, for meri
torious services during the war. In 1866
he became auditor of Laporte county,
holding the office until 1868, when he was
elected a representative from Indiana to
the forty-first congress. He was re-elected
to the forty-second and forty-third con
gresses as a republican. He is now the
editor and owner of The Evening and
Weekly Tribune of New Albany, Ind.
PACKARD, JOHN HOOKER, surgeon,
author, was born Aug. 15, 1832, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is a surgeon of Philadel
phia, surgeon to the Pennsylvania hospital
from 1884; and the author of Manual of
Minor Surgery; Lectures on Inflamma
tion; Handbook of Operative Surgery;
and Sea Air and Sea Bathing.
PACKARD, LEWIS RICHARD, educa
tor, author, was born Aug. 22, 1836, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was an educator
who was professor of Greek at Yale uni
versity from 1866; and author of Studies
in Greek Thought. He died Oct. 26, 1884,
in New Haven, Conn.
PACKARD, N. LUTHER, clergyman,
evangelist, was born Dec. 31, 1851, in
Brockton, Mass. He graduated with hon-
._ ors from the Wiscon
sin State university,
and from the Chica
go Theological semi
nary. He has at
tained success as an
eminent clergyman
of the congregational
church; and has
filled pastorates in
Nashua, Ionia, and
Buffalo Center, Iowa.
For ten years he was
president of the
third district of the Young People's State
Christian Endeavor of Iowa; has also
been the state superintendent for Iowa of
the Iowa congregational churches; and
also a state evangelist of Iowa.
PACKARD, SILAS SADLER, educator,
author, was born April 28, 1826, in Cum-
ington. Mass. He is an educator who
founded a business
college in New York
city. He is the best-
known business-col
lege man in the
United States, and he
. was very successful
, '-:*Jr in promoting the
business educators'
exhibit at the
World's Fair. He is
the author of Bryant
and Stratton's Book
keeping Series; Com
plete Course of Business Training; Com
mercial Arithmetic; and New Manual of
Bookkeeping.
•-.
712
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PACKARD, SOPHIA B., educator, was
born Jan. 3, 1824, in New Salem, Mass.
In 1881 she opened a school for women
and girls at Atlanta, Ga. She died June
21, 1891, in Washington, D. C.
PACKER, ASA, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born Dec. 20,
1806. in Groton, Conn. He designed and
built the Lehigh Valley railroad, as well
as the railroad leading from Mauch Chunk
to Erie. He gave five hundred thousand
dollars and land to found the Lehigh uni
versity. He was elected to the Pennsyl
vania state legislature; served as judge
of a county court; and was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1853 to 1857. In 1875 he was appointed
a commissioner to the centennial exhibi
tion. He died May 17, 1879, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
PACKER, HORACE B., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in Wells-
boro. Pa. He was elected district attor
ney for three years, and served one year
by appointment just prior to his election.
In 1884 he was elected to the Pennsylvania
house of representatives, and re-elected
in 1886. In 1888 he was elected to the
state senate; and was elected to the flfty-
flfth congress as a republican.
PACKER. JOHN B., lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born March 21,
1824, in Sunbury, Pa. He was a district
attorney from 1842
to 1847; and was a
member of the state
legislature in 1850
and 1851. He was
elected a representa
tive from Pennsyl
vania to the forty-
first congress. He
served on the com
mittees on banking
and currency, and
the interior depart
ment; and was re-
elected to the forty-second, forty-third,
and forty-fourth congresses as a republi
can. He served on several important
committees, and as chairman of the com
mittee on post-offices and post roads. He
died July 7, 1891, in Sunbury, Pa.
PACKER, WILLIAM FISHER, journal
ist, state senator, governor, was born
April 2, 1807, in Howard, Pa. He pub
lished the Lycoming Gazette from 1827
to 1836; was canal commissioner from
1839 to 1842; and state auditor from 1842
to 1845. He was state senator from 1845
to 1848; and then president of the Sus-
quehanna Railroad company until its con
solidation with the Northern Central Rail
road company, of which he was director
until 1858. He was governor of Pennsyl
vania from 1858 to 1861. He died Sept. 27
1870. in Williamsport, Pa.-
PADDOCK, ALGERNON SIDNEY, law
yer, governor, United States senator, was
born Nov. 9, 1830, in Glens Falls, N. Y.
He settled in Ne
braska in 1857; was
a delegate to the na-
t i o n a 1 republican
convention in 1860;
and was appointed
secretary of Nebras-
>» I ka territory in 1861,
it «fl^fln wlli('!l office he held
I until the admission
"jfc, f^M of the state in 1867.
jttlf '^^^H He was a delegate to
j^ff^ ^t^^f the Baltimore con
vention of 1864; was
a candidate for congress in 1868; and was
appointed governor of Wyoming territory
in 1868, and declined the office. He was
elected a senator in congress from Ne
braska for the term commencing in 1875
and ending in 1881; and was re-elected
for term ending in 1893. In 1882-86 he
was a member of the Utah commission.
He died Oct. 17, 1897, in Beatrice, Neb.
PADDOCK1; BENJAMIN HENRY, bish
op, author, was born Feb. 28, 1828, in
Norwich, Conn. He was the fifth protest-
ant episcopal bishop of Massachusetts
in 1873-91; and the author of Ten Years
in the Episcopate; The First Century of
the Diocese of Massachusetts; The Pas
toral Relation; and The Foundation of
Religious Belief. He died in 1891.
PADDOCK, MRS. CORNELIA, author,
was born in 18—. She is the author of
In the Toils; and The Fate of Madame
la Tour, a Tale of Great Salt Lake.
PADDOCK, JOHN ADAMS, protestant
episcopal bishop, author, was born Jan.
19, 1825, in Norwich, Conn. In 1880 he
was consecrated missionary bishop of
Washington territory. His publications
include several occasional sermons and
addresses, and a History of Christ Church
of Stratford, Conn.
PADELFORD, SETH, governor. He was
elected governor of Rhode Island in 1869,
and remained in office until 1875. He died
Aug. 26, 1878, in Providence, R. I.
PAGE, CARROLL SMALLEY, mer
chant, banker, legislator, governor, was
born Jan. 10, 1843, in Westfield, Vt. He
attended the Lamoille Central academy
of Hyde Park. Vt. In 1869-72 he was a
member of the Vermont house of repre
sentatives; in 1874-76 a member of the
state senate; during 1872-88 was a mem
ber of the republican state committee, and
chairman of that committee in 1886-88.
During 1890-92 he served with distinction
as governor of Vermont. He is a success
ful merchant and dealer in green calf
skin, and in that line of business is said
to be the largest dealer in the world. He
is president of the bank, and prominent
ly identified with various other business
enterprises.
PAGE, CHARLES EDWARD, physician,
author, was born in 1840 in Maine. He
is a physician of Boston; and the author
of How to Treat the Baby; Natural Cure
of Consumption; Horses: their Feed and
Feet; and Pneumonia and Typhoid Fever.
PAGE, CHARLES GRAFTON, public
official, author, was. born Jan. 25, 1812, in
Salem, Mass. He was an examiner in the
patent office at Washington from 1840,
who published Psychomancy, Spirit Rap-
pings, and Table Tippings Exposed. He
died May 5, 1868, in Washington, D. C.
PAGE, CHARLES HARRISON, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born July 19, 1843, in Gloucester, R. I.
In 1872 he was admitted to the Rhode Is
land bar, and has practiced his profession
since in Providence. He was elected to
the state house of representatives in 1872
and 1873 from his native place; and in
1874 was elected to the state senate, and
re-elected in 1875, 1884, 1885, and 1890.
He was elected to the fifty-second con
gress; and was re-elected to the fifty-
third congress at a special election.
PAGE, CHARLES HARRISON, JR.,
lawyer, state senator, was born Nov. 26,
1870, in Scituate, R. I. He practices law
in his native city; and since 1895 has
served as a member of the Rhode Island
state senate.
PAGE, DAVID PERKINS, educator, au
thor, was born July 4, 1810, in Epping,
N. H. He was a prominent educator of
Albany; and the author of Theory and
Practice of Teaching, which was long pop
ular. He died Jan. 1, 1848, in Albany,
N. Y.
PAGE, EMILY REBECCA, poet, was
born May 5, 1834, in Bradford, Vt. She
was a poet of Vermont whose work, which
enjoyed local fame, is included in the vol
ume, Lily of the Valley. She died Feb.
14, 1862, in Chelsea. Mass.
PAGE, HENRY C., journalist, was born
April 1, 1833, in Troy, N. Y. This well-
known journalist is the editor and owner
of the Bayonne Herald; and has been
president of the Editorial Press associa
tion of New Jersey.
PAGE, HORACE FRANCIS, congress
man, was born Oct. 20, 1833, in Orleans
county, N. Y. He was elected from Penn
sylvania to the forty-third congress; and
was re-elected to the forty-fourth, forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, and forty-seventh con
gresses as a republican.
PAGE, JEFFERSON G., soldier, physi
cian, surgeon, was born March 10, 1836, in
Wilson county, Tenn. In 1862 he enlisted
in company A, eighth
regiment Kentucky
cavalry; and was
subsequently com
missioned hospital
steward. He is now
a successful physi
cian of Doniphan,
Mo. In 1895 he was
elected vice - presi
dent of the National
league for Missouri';
has been a delegate
to numerous medical
congresses and has contributed valuable
articles to medical literature.
PAGE, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
governor, author, was born April 17, 1743,
in Rosewell, Va. He was lieutenant-gov
ernor of Virginia. He commanded a mili
tia regiment during the British invasion;
and was one of the first representatives to
congress from Virginia, serving from 1789
to 1797. He was presidential elector in
1800; and governor of the state from
1802 to 1805. He published addresses to
the people in 1796 to 1799; and was
commissioner of loans for Virginia from
1806 until his death. He died Oct. 11, 1808,
in Richmond. Va.
PAGE, JOHN, agriculturist, state legis
lator, United States senator, governor,
was born May 21, 1787, in Haverhill, N. H.
He served in the New Hampshire legisla
ture in 1818, 1819, 1820, and 1835; and in
1836 was chosen a member of the execu
tive council, and again in 1838. During
the intervening year, 1837, he served as a
senator in congress to fill a vacancy. He
was governor of New Hampshire from
1839 to 1842. He died Sept. 8, 1865, in
Concord, N. H.
PAGE, JOHN B.. governor, was born in
1826, in Rutland, Vt. He was governor of
that state from 1867 to 1869. He died Oct.
24, 1885.
PAGE, JULIAETTE NASH, educator,
poet, was born July 2, 1819, in Sherburne,
N. Y. She taught private scholars in mu
sic, French, and intellectual and moral
sciences. In 1846 she was married to Gen
eral C. W. Page, and was left a widow
in 1870. Her son, Charles F. N. Page, is
the editor of The Western Gardener of
Des Moines, Iowa, where he is a promi
nent seed merchant.
PAGE, MANN, congressman, was born
in 1749, in Rosewell, Va. He was a dele
gate from Virginia to the continental con
gress in 1777. He died near Fredericks-
burg, Va.
PAGE, OLIN W. WINFIELD. poet. He
is a poet of rare excellence, and well-
known throughout New England. He is
the author of a published volume of col
lected poems, and has contributed exten
sively to current literature.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
713
PAGE, RICHARD CHANNING MOORE,
physician, author, was born Jan. 2, 1841,
in Keswick, Va. During the civil war he
served in the confederate army. He en
tered as a private; was severely wounded
at Gettysburg; and in 1864 was made
chief of artillery for the department of
southwest Virginia and East Tennessee on
the staff of General John C. Breckinridge.
Since 1868 he has practiced medicine in
the city of New York; has been house
physician at Bellevue hospital, and house
surgeon in the Woman's hospital. Since
1886 he has been professor of the diseases
of the chest and general medicine in the
New York Polyclinic. He is the author
of A Practice of Medicine; Page's Physi
cal Diagnosis; Chart of Physical Science;
and numerous pamphlets on medical sub
jects. He is also the author of a Genealo
gy of the Page Family in Virginia.
PAGE, ROBERT, congressman, was
born in 1764, in North End, Va. He was
a representative in congress from Virginia
from 1799 to 1801. He died Jan. 1, 1840, in
Virginia.
PAGE, SHERMAN, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in Con
necticut. He served in the assembly of
New York from Otsego county in 1827;
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1833 to 1837. He was also
judge of the common pleas in Otsego coun
ty. He died in Unadilla, N. Y.
PAGE, THOMAS JEFFERSON, soldier,
author, was born Jan. 4, 1808, in Shelby,
Va. He was a naval officer in the service
of the southern confederacy in 1861-62;
and the author of La Plata, the Argentine
Confederation, and Paraguay.
PAGE, THOMAS NELSON, lawyer, au
thor, was born April 23, 1853, in Oakland,
Va. He is a lawyer of Richmond, Va.,
whose studies of southern life are nota
ble for a singular charm of style. He is
the author of In Old Virginia; Two Little
Confederates; On Newfound River; Els-
ket, and Other Stories; The Old South;
Pastime Stories; Essays, Social and Po
litical; Unc' Edinburg, a Plantation Echo;
The Burial of the Guns; Polly; Among
the Camps; Meh Lady; Marse Chan; and
Befo' de War.
PAGE, WALTER HINES. journalist,
was born Aug. 15, 1855, in Cary, N. C. In
1887 he became manager and stockholder
of the Forum, one of the most important
high-class periodicals in the United States;
and in 1891 he became its editor.
PAGE, WILLIAM BYRD, surgeon, edu
cator, was born May 19, 1817, in Page-
brook, Va. He was for many years pro
fessor of surgery in Pennsylvania Medi
cal college, and surgeon to the Pennsyl
vania Institution for the Blind. He died
Feb. 18, 1877, in Philadelphia.
PAIGE, ALLEN WALLACE, legislator,
was born Feb. 28, 1855, in Sherman, Conn.
He is the senior partner of the firm of
Paige and Carroll, one of the most success
ful law firms in Bridgeport, Conn. In
1882 he was elected a member of the lower
house of the general assembly, and in 1890
was returned to the house from the town
of Huntington.
PAIGE. ALONZO CHRISTOPHER, law
yer, jurist, state senator, author, was born
July 31, 1797, in Schaghticoke, N. Y. He
was sent to the New York legislature in
1826, and sened for four years. In 1837-42
he was a member of the state senate. On
the introduction of the elective judiciary
system in 1847 he was chosen a judge of
the supreme court, and served for four
years. He compiled eleven volumes of Re
ports of Cases in the Court of Chancery,
four of which he re\ ised and annotated in
1856-57. He died March 31, 1868, in Schen-
«ctady, N. Y.
PAIGE, CHARLES L., poet, was born
Dec. 9, 1859, in Pontiac, 111. Since 1873
he has lived in Shasta, Cal., and has
served as postmast
er, telegraph opera
tor, and been a suc
cessful merchant. He
is the author of a
volume of poems en
titled The White
Shoshone; and other
works. He is also a
constant contributor
of both prose and
verse to current pub
lications; and his po
ems have been given
;i place in several standard collections.
PAIGE, DAVID RAYMOND, merchant,
congressman, was born April 8, 1844, in
Madison, Ohio. He engaged in the hard
ware business in Akron, Ohio; and was
elected treasurer of Summit county in
1874, and re-elected in 1876. He was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
forty-eighth congress as a democrat.
PAIGE, LUCIUS ROBINSON, clergy
man, author, was born March 8, 1802, in
Hardwick. Mass. He was a universalist
clergyman who retired from the ministry
in 1839, and subsequently filled several of
fices of trust in Cambridge. He was the
author of Commentary on the New Testa
ment; History of Cambridge, 1630-1877,
with Genealogical Register; and History
of Hardwick, Massachusetts. He died in
1896.
PAINE, ALBERT WARE, lawyer, was
born Aug. 16, 1812, in Winslow, Maine.
He has practiced law for sixty-two years
continuously. In the state of Maine he
has been bank and insurance examiner,
insurance commissioner, tax commission
er, president of Maine Telegraph com
pany, and president of the Penobscot bar.
He is the author of Paine Genealogy and
New Philosophy, and has contributed ex-
tensnely to current publications.
PAINE, CHARLES, manufacturer, gov
ernor, was born April 15, 1799, in Wil-
liamstown, Vt. He was a liberal patron
of the university of Vermont and the
Northfield academy; and was governor of
the state from 1841 to 1843. He died July
6, 1853, in Waco, Texas.
PAINE, CHARLES JACKSON, soldier,
was born Aug. 26, 1833, in Boston, Mass.
He served with distinction through the
civil war, and attained the brevet of ma
jor-general of \ olunteers. He has taken
much interest in yachting; and was one
of the builders of the Puritan; and in
1886-87 built alone Mayflower.
PAINE, ELEAZAR A., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, was born Sept. 10, 1815,
in Parkman, Ohio. He served in the Illi
nois state legislature in 1852-53. He served
with distinction through the civil war,
and attained the rank of brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers. He died Dec. 16, 1882,
in Jersey City, N. J.
PAINE, ELIJAH, lawyer. United States
senator, was born Jan. 21, 1757, in Brook
lyn, Conn. In 1787 he was elected to the
Vermont state legislature, and so con
tinued until 1791, when he .was appointed
judge of the supreme court. He was a
trustee of Dartmouth college; president
of the Vermont Colonization society; and
a pecuniary benefactor of the university
of Vermont. He was a senator in con
gress from Vermont from 1795 to 1801;
and in 1801 was appointed judge of the
district court of Vermont, which office he
held until within a month of his death,
when he resigned. He died April 28, 1842,
in Williamstown, Vt.
PAINE, ELIJAH, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born April 10, 1796, in Williamstown,
Vt. He was a jurist and legal writer of
New York city; and the author of Paine's
Reports; and Practice in Civil Actions
and Proceedings in the State of New York.
He died Oct. 6, 1853, in New York city.
PAINE, EPHRAIM, congressman. He
was a delegate from New York to the
continental congress in 1784 and 1785.
PAINE, HALBERT E., soldier, con
gressman, author, was born Feb. 4, 1826,
in Chardon, Ohio. He entered the army
in 1861 as colonel of the fourth Wisconsin
regiment; and was bre vetted a major-
general in 1865. He was elected a repre
sentative from Wisconsin to the thirty-
ninth congress; and was re-elected to the
fortieth and forty-first congresses as a re
publican. He is the author of a Treatise
on the Law of Elections to Public Offices.
PAINE, HARRIET ELIZA, educator,
author, was born in 18 — , in Massachu
setts. She is a Boston educator; and the
author of Girls and Women, a helpful
book for girls.
PAINE, HORACE MARSHFIELD, law
yer, author, was born Nov. 19, 1827, in
Paris, N. Y. He began to practice as a
homceopathist in Albany, where he has
continued, with the exception of the years
1855-65, when he was in Clinton, N. Y.
He was an editor of the Medical Union of
New York in 1873-74; and is the author
of many contributions to medical litera
ture.
PAINE, JOHN ALSOP, archaeologist,
was born Jan. 14, 1840, in Newark, N. J.
In 1872 he was appointed archaeologist to
the first expedition that was sent by the
Palestine Exploration society to regions
east of the Jordan and the Dead sea. In
1873 he discovered and deciphered one
Roman and two Greek inscriptions near
Beirut, Syria, the chief one of which, in
Greek, he made the subject of a special
report, and it was published in the Second
Statement of the society.
PAINE, JOHN KNOWLES, musician,
composer, was born Jan. 9, 1839, in Port
land, Maine. He has given organ con
certs in Europe and America; and many
of his orchestral works have been per
formed in the principal cities of the
United States. His first symphony was
brought out by Theodore Thomas in 1876.
He composed the centennial hymn to the
words of John G. Whittier that was sung
at the opening of the exhibition in Phila
delphia in 1876. He is ranked among the
foremost living composers.
PAINE, LEVI LEONARD, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 10, 1848,
in Holbrook, Mass. He is professor of
ecclesiastical history in the Bangor Theo
logical seminary; and a congregational
clergyman well known throughout the
United States. He is the author of a
volume of sermons and addresses, and
has contributed various articles to relig
ious journals.
PAINE, MARTYN, physician, author,
was born July 8, 1794, in Williamstown,
Vt. He was a physician of New York
city; and the author of Medical and
Physiological Commentaries; Institutes
of Medicine; The Cholera Asphyxia of
New York (1832); Physiology of Diges
tion; Physiology of the Soul and In
stinct as Distinguished from Materialism;
Review of Theoretical Geology; The
Philosophy of Vitality; Defense of the
Medical Profession of the United States;
A Therapeutical Arrangement of Materia
Medica; and Organic Life Distinguished
from Chemical and Physical Doctrines. He
died Nov. 10, 1877, in New York city.
714
HEKRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PAINE, ROBERT, bishop, author, was
born Nov. 12, 1799, in Parson county, N. C.
He was a prominent methodist bishop
whose Life and Times of Bishop McKen-
dree was once a popular biography. He
died Oct. 20, 1882, in Aberdeen, Miss.
PAINE, ROBERT T., congressman, was
born in North Carolina. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1855 to 1857.
PAINE, ROBERT TREAT, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born
March 11, 1731, in Boston, Mass. In 1773
he was a representative in the Massachu
setts legislature; and was a delegate to
the provincial congress from 1774 to 1775.
He was a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1774 to 1778, and a signer of
the declaration of independence. In 1776
he was one of the deputies sent by con
gress to visit the army of Schuyler in the
north. He was speaker of the house of
representatives of the state in 1777. He
was attorney-general of Massachusetts,
and a member of the executive council.
He was judge of the supreme court of the
state from 1790 to 1804; and was founder
of the American academy of Massachu
setts in 1780. He died May 11, 1814, in
Boston, Mass.
PAINE, ROBERT TREAT, author, poet,
was born Dec. 9, 1773, in Taunton, Mass.
He was once a noted poet of Boston whose
spiriteu song, Adams and Liberty, has
preserved his memory. He gave up his
profession of law for literary pursuits,
and received large sums for his poems,
among which are, The Invention of Let
ters, and The Ruling Passion. His work
was stilted and conventional, with the
exception of the song named above. His
collected Verse and Prose, edited by Pren-
tiss, appeared in 1812. He died Nov. 13,
1811, in Boston, Mass.
PAINE, THOMAS, author, was born
Jan. 29, 1737, in England. He was a cele
brated political and deistical writer of
English birth who
came to America in
1774, and in 1776 is-
8 u e d his famous
pamphlet, Common
Sense, which was of
great service to the
I American cause. In
I the American Crisis,
published in num
bers, 1776-83, he con
tinued his defense of
America. His other
works include, The
Rights of Man, a reply to Burke's Re
flections on the French Revolution; and
The Age of Reason. He died June 8, 1809,
in New York.
PAINE, TIMOTHY OTIS, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 13, 1824, in Win-
slow, Maine. He was a Swedenborgian
clergyman of Elmwood, Mass.; and the
author of Solomon's Temple and Capitol
and Idolatrous High Places. He died in
1895.
PAINE, WILLIAM, physician, journal
ist, educator, author, was born in 1821, in
Chesterfield, Mass. He became professor
of the principles and practice of medicine
and pathology in the Eclectic Medical col
lege of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia; and
became editor of the Eclectic Medical
Journal in that city, and of the Univer
sity Journal of Medicine and Surgery.
He is the author of Epitome of the Ameri
can Eclectic Practice of Medicine; Ameri
can Eclectic Practice of Surgery, Obstet
rics, and DiseasesofWomenandChildren;
and The Domestic Practice of Medicine.
PAINE, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
was born Feb. 23, 1863, in Milan, N. H.
He received a liberal education, and grad
uated from the Harvard Law school. He
has served as justice of the peace; has
been solicitor for Rockingham county, N.
H.; and for six years was a member of
the school board of Newmarket, N. H. He
has attained success as an able lawyer
of Berlin, N. H.
PAINTER, GAMALIEL, soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born May 22, 1743, in New
Haven, Conn. In 1773 he erected the first
house in Middlebury, Vt. He was a dele
gate to the convention that declared the
independence of Vermont in 1777. He
was a state representathe; judge of the
county court, and councilor in 1813 and
1814; and a member of the first constitu
tional convention of Vermont in 1793. He
was principal founder of Middlebury col
lege, to which, at his death, he left a
bequest of about ten thousand dollars. He
died May 22, 1819, in Middlebury, Vt.
PALEN, JOSEPH G., lawyer, jurist,
was born in New York. He was appoint
ed chief justice of the supreme court for
the territory of New Mexico. He died
Dec. 21, 1875, in Santa Fe, N. M.
PALEN, RUFUS, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1839 to 1841.
PALENSKE, LOUIS, merchant, banker,
state legislator, was born Jan. 3, 1858, in
Kansas. He is a successful merchant of
Alma, Kan.; and president of the Alma
National bank. In 1897 he was elected
a member of the Kansas state legislature,
and has always taken great interest in
educational legislation.
PALFREY, FRANCIS WINTHROP,
soldier, author, was born April 11, 1831, in
Boston. He was an officer in the federal
army during the civil war, and from 1872
register of bankruptcy in Boston. He was
the author of Antietam and Fredericks-
burg; and Memoir of William Francis
Bartlett. He died Dec. 5, 1889, in France.
PALFREY, JOHN CARVER, soldier,
banker, educator, author, was born Dec.
25, 1833, in Cambridge, Mass. He was
brevetted major, lieutenant-colonel, colo
nel, and brigadier-general, United States
army, in 1865. He became overseer of the
Thayer School of Civil Engineering in
Dartmouth in 1868, and is a vice-presi
dent of the Webster bank in Boston.
PALFREY, JOHN GORHAM, educator,
journalist, clergyman, congressman, lec
turer, author, was born May 2, 1796, in
Boston, Mass. He was ordained a unita-
rian preacher in 1818; was subsequently,
for a number of years, editor of the North
American Review; was professor of sa
cred literature in Harvard college from
1830 to 1838. During the years 1842 and
1847 he was a member of the general
court; and was elected secretary of the
commonwealth of Massachusetts. He was
a member of congress from 1847 to 1849.
In 1861 he was appointed postmaster of
Boston. His literary reputation rests up
on his History of New England, a pains
taking work. Other works by him are,
Lectures on the Jewish Scriptures; and
The Relation between Judaism and Chris
tianity. He died April 26, 1881, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
PALFREY, SARAH HAMMOND, au
thor, poet, was born Dec. 11, 1823, in Bos
ton, Mass. She is a novelist and poet of
Cambridge. Her work in verse comprises
Prfemices; Sir Pavon and St. Pavon; The
Chapel; The Blossoming Rod; and Agnes
Wentworth. In fiction she has published
Katharine Morne; and Herman, or Young
Knighthood.
PALFREY, WARWICK, journalist,,
state legislator, author, was born in 1787,
in Salem, Mass. He began his appren
ticeship in the Essex Register office in
1801, and was its editor from 1805 till his
death. He was a member of the city
council of Salem, and of both branches of
the Massachusetts legislature for several
years. He was the author of Evangelical
Psalms. He died Aug. 23, 1838, in Salem,
Mass.
FALLEN, MONTROSE ANDERSON,
educator, inventor, author, was born Jan.
2, 1836, in Vicksburg, Mass. In 1883 he
assisted in forming the Post-Graduate
Medical college in New York city. He
has written much for medical periodicals,
and published Abnormalities of Vision
and Ophthalmoscope; Uterine Abnormali
ties; Prophylaxis of Pregnancy; and
Dysmenorrhoea.
PALMER, AARON, educator, writer,
was born Dec. 26, 1860, in Mount Carroll,
111. He has attained success in educa
tional work; in 1888-89 was superintend
ent of schools at Savanna, and has since
been superintendent of schools in Oxford
Junction and Anamosa,Iowa. He has con
tributed extensively to the periodical
press on educational and other topics.
PALMER, ALBERT GALLATIN, cler
gyman, author, poet, was born May 11..
1813, in North Stonington, Conn. He
has spent his ministerial life in preaching
to the baptist church in Stonington bor
ough, Conn. Besides a large number of
published sermons, he is the author of
an Historical Discourse; and many po
ems, among them a translation of the Dies
Irae. He has issued a collection of these,
with the title Psalms of Faith and Songs
of Life.
PALMER, ALBERT MARSHMAN, the
ater-manager, was born July 27, 1838, in
North Stonington, Conn. He served as li
brarian of the Mercantile library in New
York city. In June, 1872, he assumed the
management of the Union Square theater
in New York, and continued there until
1882; and in 1884 assumed control of the
Madison Square theater in New York. He
is one of the founders of the Actors'
fund of America, and is now its presi
dent.
PALMER, ALICE ELVIRA, educator,
college president, was born Feb. 21, 1855,
in Colesville, N. Y. In 1879 she was ap
pointed professor in history in the Welles-
ley college; and in 1882 she became presi
dent of that college.
PALMER, ALONZO BENJAMIN, educa
tor, physician, author, was born Oct. 6,
1815, in Richfield, N. Y. He was a physi
cian who was medical professor in the
university of Michigan in 1852; and the
author of Homoeopathy. What Is It?; The
Treatment of the Science and Practice of
Medicine; EpidemicCholera; Temperance
Teachings of Science; and Diarrhoea and
Dysentery. He died Dec. 23, 1887, in Ann
Arbor, Mich.
PALMER, MRS. ANNA [CAMPBELL],
author, poet, was born Feb. 3, 1854, in
Elmira, N. Y. She is a writer of Elmira,
N. Y.; and the author of The Summer-
ville Prize; Little Brown Seed; Lally
Gay; Lally Gay and her Sister; and Ver
ses from a Mother's Corner.
PALMER, ANTHONY, governor, was
born in England. He was a justice of the
peace and of the county courts of Phila
delphia county from 1718 until 1732, and
for several years one of the judges of the
court of common pleas. He was colonial
governor for many years. He died in
May, 1749, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
715-
PALMER, BENJAMIN MORGAN, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 25, 1781, in
Philadelphia. He was pastor for several
years of the presbyterian church in Beau
fort, S. C., and from 1817 till 1835 of a
church in Charleston. In addition to
numerous sermons he published The
Family Companion. He died Oct. 9, 1847,
in Charleston, S. C.
PALMER, BENJAMIN MORGAN, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 25, 1818, in
Charleston, S. C. He is a presbyterian
minister of New Orleans; and the author
of Life and Letters of James Thorn well;
Sermons; The Family in its Civil and
Churchly Aspects; Formation of Charac
ter; The Broken Home; and Theology of
Prayer.
PALMER, BERIAH, state legislator,
congressman, was born in New York. He
served four years in the assembly of New
York from Saratoga county; and was a
representative in congress from 1803 to
1805.
PALMER, C. S., soldier, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, governor, was born Nov.
2, 1844, in Underbill, Vt. In 1876 and 1877
he was state's attorney for Chittenden
county, Vt., and in 1880 and 1881 was a
representative in the Vermont legisla
ture. In 1882 he was appointed assistant
United States attorney for the territory
of Dakota; and in 1883 was appointed a
member of the territorial board of tax
commissioners. In 1884 he was appointed
an associate justice of the supreme court
of the territory of Dakota. He was judge
advocate general for Dakota for the year
1885.
PALMER, CHARLES JAMES, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 4, 1854, in
Fairfleld, Maine. He has filled pastor
ates in Bangor, Maine, and Lanesboro.
Mass.; and is the author of a History of
Lanesboro, Lenox and Otis, Mass.
PALMER, COURTLANDT, lawyer, au
thor, was born March 25, 1843, in New
York city. He established the Nineteenth
Century club of New York city in 1880,
and as the president of that organization
delivered many addresses and contribut
ed largely to the literature of free
thought. He died July 23, 1888, at Lake
Dunmore, Vt.
PALMER, ELIHU, clergyman, author,
was born in 1764 in Canterbury, Conn.
He was a writer of New York city who
was in his early career a congregational
minister, but became a deist and a poli
tical agitator. He was the author of
The Principles of Nature; and Prospect
or View of the Moral World from 1804.
He died April 7, 1806 in Philadelphia,
Pa.
PALMER, FANNY PURDY, public offi
cial, author, poet, was born July 11, 1839,
in New York city. She is auditor of the
general federation
of women's clubs;
president of the
Short Story club of
Providence, R. I.,
and identified. in
various other ways
with women's club
interests. She has
served several terms
on the school com
mittee of Provi
dence; has been a
member of the board
of visitors to state institutions where
women are imprisoned; and in 1894 was
appointed state inspector of factories and
workshops, which involves a great deal
of important public work. She is the au
thor of A Dead Level, and Other Epi
sodes, and a volume of poems.
PALMER, FRANCIS WAYLAND,
journalist, state legislator, congressman,
was born Oct. 11, 1827, in Manchester,
Ind. He worked as a journeyman printer
in New York city; and was for ten years
the publisher and editor of the James
town Journal, in Chautauqua county. He
was a member of the New York assem
bly in 1853 and 1854. He moved to Iowa
in 1858, and became editor and part own
er of the Dubuque Times. In 1860 he was
elected printer for the state, holding the
office eight years. In 1868 he was
elected a representative from Iowa to the
forty-first congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-second congress as a repub
lican.
PALMER, GEORGE HERBERT, educa
tor, author, was born in 16^- in Massa
chusetts. He is professor of natural re
ligion, moral philosophy, and civil polity
at Harvard university. He has pub
lished The New Education, and an Eng
lish translation of the Odyssey in rhyth
mic prose.
PALMER, GEORGE W., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Jan. 13, 1818, in
Hoosick, N. Y. He was surrogate of Clin
ton county from 1843 to 1847; and a rep
resentative in the thirty-fifth congress
from New York. He was re-elected to
the thirty-sixth congress. In 1866 he was
appointed a judge of the mixed court at
Sierra Leone, under the treaty with Great
Britain for the more effectual suppression
of the slave trade.
PALMER, MRS. HENRIETTA [LEE],
author, was born Feb. 6, 1834, in Balti
more, Md. She is the author of The Strat
ford Gallery, or the Shakespeare Sister
hood; Home Life in the Bible; and The
Heroines of Shakespeare.
PALMER, HENRY E., soldier, legisla
tor, was born July 31, 1841, in Madison,
Ohio. He was the first white settler in
the Big Horn mountain region of Wyo
ming, and was captured by the Indians
and kept a prisoner three weeks. For
twenty years he has been in the business
of general insurance, and has become
prominent in various societies.
PALMER, HORATIO RICHMOND, mu
sician, author, was born Sept. 26, 1834, in
Sherburne, N. Y. He is the author of
Elements of Musical Composition; and
Theory of Music.
PALMER, INNIS NEWTON, soldier,
was born March 30, 1824, in Buffalo, N.
Y. He was brigadier-general in the union
army at Fair Oaks and Malvern Hill.
PALMER, JAMES SHEDDEN, naval
officer, was born in 1810 in New Jersey.
He served in the United States navy dur
ing the civil war; and for meritorious
services received the rank of rear admiral.
He died Dec. 7, 1867.
PALMER, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1785 in Hoosick,
N. Y. He was elected from New York a
representative to congress in 1817, but
before the expiration of his term was
chosen district attorney for Clinton coun
ty, in which capacity he served until 1831.
During that year he was made the first
judge of said county, and held the office
until 1836. He was again elected to con
gress in 1837, and served one term. He
died Dec. 8, 1840, in the West Indies.
PALMER, JOHN McAULEY, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Sept. 13, 1817, in Scott county, Ky.
In 1843 he was elected probate judge of
Macoupin county, 111.; in 1847 was elected
a member of the convention to amend the
state constitution; in 1848 was re-elected
probate judge, and in November of the
same year waa elected county judge,
which office he held until 1852, when he
was elected to the state senate to fill a
vacancy; and was elected again in 1854.
In 1859 he was a candidate for congress.
In 1861 he was elected colonel of the
fourteenth regiment of Illinois infantry;
was promoted to brigadier-general of vol
unteers; and was promoted to major-gen
eral of volunteers. He removed to Spring
field in 1867; and was elected governor of
Illinois in 1868. In 1890 he was elected
United States senator.
PALMER, JOHN WILLIAMSON, phy
sician, author, was born April 4, 1825, in
Baltimore, Md. He was a physician and
writer of Baltimore and subsequently of
New York city. He was the author of The
Queen's Heart: a Comedy; The Beauties
and Curiosities of Engraving; After His
Kind, a novel; The Golden Dragon, or Up
end Down the Irrawaddi; and The New
and the Old, or California and India. He
died in 1896.
PALMER, JOSEPH, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1718 in Massachusetts.
He was a member of the provincial con
gress in 1777. In 1777 he was appointed
brigadier-general commanding the Mas
sachusetts militia in the defense of Rhode
Island. He died Dec. 25, 1788, in Rox-
bury, Mass.
PALMER, JULIUS AUBOINEAU, au
thor, was born in 1840 in Massachusetts.
He is the author of About Mushrooms;
Memories of Hawaii; One Voyage and its.
Consequences; Mushrooms of America;
and Again in Hawaii.
PALMER, MINNIE, actress, was born
March 3, 1865, in Philadelphia, Pa. She
has attained a national reputation as a
successful actress.
PALMER, MRS. PHCEBE WORRELL,
evangelist, author, was born Dec. 18, 1807,
in New York city. She was a Wesleyan
evangelist of New York city, whose
writing is mainly concerned with the
doctrine of perfection. She was the au
thor of The Way of Holiness; Entire De
votion; Faith and its Effect; Promises of
the Father; Four Years in the Old World;
and Pioneer Experiences. She died Nov.
2, 1874, in New York city.
PALMER, POTTER, financier, was born
in 1826 in Rensselaerville, N. Y. He built
the Palmer house and erected a number of
other buildings and became one of the
most energetic of that group of confi
dent men who evoked a greater Chicago
from the ashes of the conflagration of
1871. The Lake Shore drive originated
with Mr. Palmer.
PALMER, RAY, clergyman, author, po
et, was born Nov. 12, 1808, in Little
Compton, R. I. He was a congregational
clergyman of Albany, widely known as
a writer of hymns, the most famous of
which is, My Faith Looks up to Thee.
Home, or the Unlost Paradise; Spiritual
Improvement; Closet Hours; Hymns and
Poems; Hymns of My Holy Hours; Re
member Me; and Voices of Hope and
Gladness.
PALMER, ROBERT M., journalist, law
yer, state senator, was born in 1820 in
Mount Holly, N. J. In 1850 he was elect
ed district attorney for Schuylkill coun
ty, N. J.; and subsequently to the state
senate, over which he presided as speak
er. In 1861 he was appointed minister to-
the Argentine Confederation, but was
compelled to resign on account of his.
health. He died April 26, 1862, at sea.
716
HBRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PALMER, WALTER LAUNT, artist,
was born Aug. 1, 1854, in Albany, N. Y.
In 1881 he was elected a member of the
Society of American Artists, and in 1887
he received the second Hallgarten prize
for his January, which painting also
gained him his election as an associate
of the National academy. Among his
works are Dining-Room at Appledale
(1879); An Editor's Study; Waving
Grain (1881); Venice; The Oat-Field; The
Inlet; and An Early Snow.
PALMER, WILLIAM ADAMS, lawyer,
jurist, governor, United States senator,
was born Sept. 12, 1791, in Hebron,
Conn. He was a member of the Vermont
legislature for six years; judge of the su
preme court in 1816; and was a senator
in congress from Vermont from 1818 to
1825. He was governor of Vermont from
1831 to 1835; a member of the constitu
tional convention of 1828 and 1836; and
judge of probate and of the county court.
He was two years a state senator. He
died Dec. 3, 1860, in Danville, Vt.
PALMER, WILLIAM J., railroad presi
dent, was born Sept. 18, 1836, in Kent
county. Del. Since 1883 he has been
president of the Rio Grande Western
railroad; and was also for several years
president of the Mexican National rail
road.
PALMER, WILLIAM LEDYARD, cler
gyman, was born Jan. 21, 1820, in Lenox,
Madison county, N. Y. He graduated in
_ 1856 from the col
legiate department
! of the Madison uni
versity, now known
as the Colgate uni
versity; and in 1859
he graduated from
,4 the theological de
partment of the
same institution, re
ceiving in course the
degree of A. M. For
five years he was
pastor in East
Poultney. Vt.; for five years was pastor in
West Cornwall, Vt.; for nine years was
pastor in Middletown Springs, Vt.; for
three years was pastor in Manchester,
Mich.; and since 1896 has been pastor in
Norvell, Mich. He has published ser
mons, addresses; and for half a century
has contributed extensively to religious
literature.
PALMER, WILLIAM PITT, business
man, poet, was born Feb. 22, 1805, in
Stockbridge, Mass. He was an insur
ance president of New York city, known
also as a verse writer. He was the au
thor of Light; and Echoes of Half a Cen
tury, a collection of poems. He died May
2, 1884, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
PALMORE, WILLIAM B., clergyman,
lecturer, editor, was born Feb. 24, 1844,
in Fayette county, Tenn. He received
his education at the Vanderbilt univer
sity. During the civil war he carried
Gen. John S. Marmaduke's division flag
while a boy in the confederate army. He
has been a successful clergyman and lec
turer; and for many years has been the
editor of the St. Louis Christian Advo
cate.
PAMMEL, LOUIS HERMANN, botanist,
was born April 19, 1862, in La Crosse,
Wis. He attended the country schools,
and in 1885 graduated from the univer
sity of Wisconsin; subsequently at
tending the Washington university of St.
Louis, Mo., and doing research work in
the Missouri botanical garden. For sev
eral years he was an assistant in the
Shaw School of Botany; and was also em
ployed by the Texas agricultural experi
ment station. Since 1889 he has filled
the chair of botany in the Iowa Agricul
tural college; and also botanist of the
Iowa agricultural experiment station, and
has been engaged to do some special work
for the United States department of ag
riculture.
PANCOAST, JOSEPH, educator, phy
sician, surgeon, author, was born in 1805
in Burlington, N. J. He was an eminent
surgeon of Philadelphia, professor of sur
gery in Jefferson Medical college in 1838-
74; and the author of Operative Surgery;
Essays and Lectures; and System of
Anatomy. He died March 7, 1882, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
PANCOAST, SETH, educator, physician,
author, was born July 28, 1823, in Dar
by, Pa. He was a Philadelphia physi
cian, professor in Pennsylvania Medical
college in 1854-62; and the author of The
Cabala; Consumption; Ladies' Medical
Guide; Boyhood Perils; and Bright's Dis
ease. He died Dec. 16, 1889, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
PANCOAST, WILLIAM HENRY, edu
cator, physician, surgeon, was born Oct.
11, 1835, in Philadelphia. In 1874 he suc
ceeded his father as professor in Jeffer
son Medical college. In 1884 he secured
the bodies of the Siamese twins, and
proved that the band could not have been
safely cut except in their childhood. He
became professor of the Philadelphia
Medico-chirurgical college in 1886.
PANGBORN, FREDERIC W., jour
nalist, poet, was born March 7, 1855, in
St. Albans, Vt. For twenty years he has
been connected with the Evening Jour
nal of Jersey City, N. J., and is now
its managing editor. He is the author of
a number of meritorious poems, many of
which have appeared in standard collec
tions.
PAQUIN, PAUL, physician, author,
was born in 1860 in Canada. He is the
author of The Supreme Passions of Man;
The Microscopical Diagnosis of Human
Nature; and The Basis of Character and
the Diseases of Personality.
PARDEE, DON A., soldier, jurist, was
born March 29, 1837, in Wadsworth,
Ohio. He received the rudiments of his
education in the pub
lic schools, and
graduated from the
United States Na
val academy. He
served during the
civil war as captain,
major, lieutenant-
colonel and brevet
brigadier-general of
the United States
volunteers. He is a
noted lawyer of New
Orleans, La.; has
been register in bankruptcy; in 1868 was
elected state judge; and is now judge of
the United States circuit court of the
fifth judicial circuit.
PARET, THOMAS DUNKIN. inventor,
w;is born Dec. 20, 1837, in New York city.
He has taken a leading part in the de
velopment and extension of grinding pro
cesses, and has been president of the Ta-
nite company at Stroudsburg, Pa., which
manufactures emery-wheels, since its or
ganization in 1867. He has contributed
many technical articles to scientific peri
odicals.
PARET, WILLIAM, bishop of Mary
land, was born Sept. 23, 1826, in New
York city. He is the author of St. Peter
and the Primacy of the Roman See; Our
Freedom and Our Catholic Heritage; The
Method and Work of Lent, and other
works.
PARISH, AARON SMITH, educator,
was born Dec. 28, 1841, in Farmer, N. Y.
For over twenty years he has been pro
prietor of the Business college of Grand
Rapids, Mich.
PARISH, ELIJAH, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 7, 1762, in Lebanon, Conn.
He was a congregational minister, pas
tor at Byfield, Mass., in 1787-1825. He
was co-author with Jedediah Morse of
se\eral geographical works, and wrote a
New System of Modern Geography. He
died Oct. 15, 1825. in Byfield, Mass.
PARK, BENJAMIN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Sept. 2, 1777, in New
Jersey. From 1805 to 1808 he was a
delegate in congress from Indiana terri
tory; and was soon after appointed judge
of the district court, which office he held
until his death. He died July 12, 1835, in
Salem, Ind.
PARK, EDWARDS AMASA, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Dec. 29, 1808,
in Providence, R. I. He is a congregation
al clergyman in Andover, Mass., profes
sor in the Theological seminary there in
1835-81; and the author of Discourses and
Treatises on the Atonement; Discourses
on Some Theological Doctrines as Related
to the Religious Character; and Lives of
S Hopkins, and others.
PARK, I. V., journalist, was born Dec.
7. 1848, in Franklin county, Ohio. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the district schools, and subsequently
attended the Wesleyan university of
Bloomington, 111. He has been a general
writer for the press, and correspondent
of leading metropolitan journals; and is
now the editor and owner of The Daily
and Weekly Times of Joliet, 111.
PARK, JAMES, iron-master, was born
Jan. 11, 1820, in Pittsburg, Pa. In 1863
he was the first to introduce the Siemens
gas-furnace into this country. He had
a high reputation as a progressive leader
among iron-masters, and was acthe in
the American Institute of Mining Engin
eers. He died April 21, 1883, in Alle
gheny, Pa.
PARK, JOHN, physician, journalist,
was born Jan. 7, 1775, in Windham, N. H.
In 1803 he established at Newburyport,
Mass., the New England Repertory, a
semi-weekly federalist journal, which he
afterward transferred to Boston. In 1811
he disposed of his newspaper and estab
lished at Boston a high-school for young
women, which he conducted with great
success for twenty years. In 1814 he
published the Boston Spectator. He died
March 2, 1852, in Worcester, Mass.
PARK, ROSWELL, educator, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
Oct. 1, 1807, in Lebanon, Conn. He was
an episcopal clergyman and educator,
president and chancellor of Racine col
lege in 1852-63; and the author of Sketch
of the History of West Point; Jerusalem,
and Other Poems; and Pantology, or Sys
tematic Survey of Human Knowledge.
He died July 16, 1869, in Chicago, 111.
PARK. ROSWELL. educator, author,
was born in 1852 in Lebanon, Conn. He is
a professor of surgery in the university
of Buffalo from 1883 who has published
Lectures on Surgical Pathology.
PARKE, JOHN, soldier, author, was
born April 7, 1754, in Dover, Del. He was
an officer in the American army during
the revolution, who published The Lyric
Works of Horace. The translation, in
rhymed verse, was dedicated to Washing
ton, and in it the names of American
patriots were substituted for those of the
Roman worthies. He died Dec. 11, 1789,
near Dover, Del.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
717
PARKE, JOHN GRUBB, soldier, educa
tor, author, was born Sept. 22, 1827. in
Chester county, Pa. He was a soldier of
distinction who was superintendent of
the United States Military academy in
1887, and was retired from active service
in 1889. He is the author of United States
Laws Relating to Public Works; and Laws
Relating to the Construction of Bridges
over Navigable Waters.
PARKE, THOMAS, educator, physician,
college president, lecturer, was born Aug.
6, 1749, in Chester county, Pa. In 1787 he
was one of the founders of the College
of Physicians of Philadelphia, and from
1818 until his death he was president of
this body, and was the last survivor of
its founders. He died Jan. 9, 1835, in
Philadelphia.
PARKER, ABRAHAM X., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Nov. 14,
1831, in Granville, Vt. He was a member
of the state house of representatives in
1863 and 1864; and a state senator from
1868 to 1871. He was elected a represen
tative from New York to the forty-sev
enth, forty-eighth, forty-ninth and fif
tieth congresses as a republican.
PARKER, AMASA JUNIUS, was born
June 2, 1807, in Sharon, Conn. In 1833 he
was elected a representative in the New
York state legislature; and in 1835 was
chosen a regent of the university. From
1837 to 1839 he was a representative in
congress. In 1844 he was appointed a
circuit judge and vice-chancellor of the
court of equity. Soon after the adoption
of a new state constitution, he became
a judge of the supreme court of New
York. In 1859 he was appointed United
States attorney for the district of New
York. He died May 13, 1890, in Albany,
N. Y.
PARKER, AMASA J., lawyer, state
senator, was born May 6, 1843, in Delhi,
N. Y.; and is a son of the late Judge
Amasa J. Parker. In
1863 he graduated
from Union college,
and in the year
following from the
Albany Law school,
and has since prac
ticed his profession
in Albany, N. Y. Since
1864 he has been
connected with the
national guard, hav
ing served from pri
vate to brigadier-
general. In 1882 he was elected to the New
York state assembly; and for three
terms has been a member of the state
senate, in 1886-87, in 1892-93, and again
in 1894-95.
PARKER, AMOS ANDREW, legislator,
journalist, author, was born in 1792 in
Fitzwilliam, N. H. For several years
he was editor of the New Hampshire
Statesman; and served thirteen sessions
in the New Hampshire legislature. He
is the author of several books, among
which are A Trip to the West of Texas;
and Poems at Four-Score.
PARKER, ANDREW, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. • He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1851 to 1853.
PARKER, BENJAMIN S., merchant,
author, poet, was born Feb. 10, 1833, in
Indiana. For twenty years he has been
a merchant of New Castle, Ind. He is
the author of a volume of poems entitled
The Cabin in the Clearing; and has also
compiled a volume of Indiana poetry.
PARKER, BOWDOIN S., soldier, law
yer, legislator, was born Aug. 10, 1841,
in Conway, Mass. He is a successful law
yer of Boston, Mass.; was a member of
the city council for three years; and" for
two years served with distinction as a
member of the Massachusetts state legis
lature. He is a veteran of the war of the
rebellion; a commissioned officer of the
Massachusetts volunteer militia for eigh
teen years, and was placed on the retired
list with rank of lieutenant-colonel.
PARKER, C. M., educator, journalist,
was born Sept. 17, 1860, in Wilkes county,
N. C. He is the founder, editor and
owner of The School News of Taylpr-
\ille, 111.
PARKER. CHARLES, manufacturer,
was born Jan. 2, 1809, in Cheshire, Conn.
He is the president of the Charles Par
ker company, iron
founders and pro
ducers of hardware,
and of Parker Bro's,
manufacturers of
guns; and is one of
the most valuable
residents of Meri-
den, Conn., and has
done as much as any
other man there to
convert that city into
the perfect hive of
industry which it is.
It was he' who first introduced steam
power into a factory in Meriden. His lit
tle shop has now grown into five separate
and distinct factories, all located in dif
ferent parts of Meriden, and there is
also a factory at Yalesville, a village three
miles from Meriden.
PARKER, CORTLANDT, lawyer, was
born June 27, 1818, in Perth Amboy, N.
J. He was one of the revisers of the laws
of New Jersey in 1875, and a commis
sioner to settle the boundaries between
that state and Delaware.
PARKER, DANIEL, soldier, lawyer, au
thor, was born Jan. 29, 1782, in Shirley,
Mass. He became chief clerk in the
United States war department in 1810,
adjutant and inspector-general, Nov. 22,
1814, paymaster-general in 1821, and in
1841 he returned to the war department
as chief clerk. He published an Army
Register.
PARKER, EDWARD GRIFFIN, lawyer,
author, was born Nov. 16, 1825, in Boston,
Mass. He was a lawyer of New York
city; and the author of The Golden Age
of American Oratory; and Reminiscences
of Rufus Choate. He died March 30, 1868,
in New York city.
PARKER, EDWIN POND, clergyman,
author, poet, was born Jan. 13, 1836, In
Castine, Maine. He is a congregational
clergyman of Hartford, pastor of the
south church from 1860; and the author
of Book of Praise; Memorial of H. Bush-
nell; and The Ministry of Natural Beauty.
PARKER, MRS. ELIZABETH LOW-
BER [CHANDLER]— Bessie Chandler-
author, was born in 1856 in New York.
She is a writer of Batavia, N. Y., who
has contributed much to magazines. She
is the author of A Woman who Failed
and Others.
PARKER, FOXHALL ALEXANDER,
naval officer, author, was born Aug. 5,
1821, in New York city. He was a com
modore in the United States navy; and
the author of Fleet Tactics under Steam;
The Na\al Howitzer Afloat; The Naval
Howitzer Ashore; The Fleets of the
World; The Battle of Mobile Bay; and
Elia, or Spain Fifty Years Ago, a trans
lation from the Spanish. He died June
10, 1879, in Annapolis, Md.
PARKER, FRANCIS WAYLAND, sol
dier, educator, author, was born Oct. 9,
1837, in Bedford, N. H. He is a promi
nent educator of Chicago, principal of
the Cook County Normal school, and for
merly supervisor of the Boston schools.
He is the author of Talks on Teaching;
The Practical Teacher; Course in Arith
metic; and How to Teach Geography.
PARKER, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
railroad president, was born in August,
1836, in Springfield, 111. He was presi
dent of the Second National bank of
Charleston; and in 1887 was elected
president of the St. Louis, 'Alton and
Terre Haute railroad, which position he
still holds.
PARKER, GILBERT, author, was born
in 1861, in Ontario, Canada. He is a pop
ular Canadian novelist now living in the
United States; and the author of Pierre
and His People; Tales of the Far North;
An Adventurer of the North; A Romany
of the Snows; A Lover's Diary; When
Valmond Came to Pontiac; The Seats of
the Mighty; and The Pomp of the La-
villettes.
PARKER, MRS. HELEN FITCH, au
thor, was born Dec. 20, 1827, in Auburn,
N. Y. She was the author of Sunrise
and Sunset; Morning Stars of the New
World; Rambles After Land Shells; Mis
sions and Martyrs of Madagascar;
Frank's Search for Sea Shells; Constance
of Aylmer, a tale; Blind Florette; and
Arthur's Aquarium. She died Dec. 4, 1874,
in Amherst, Mass.
PARKER. HENRY, governor, was born
about 1690, near Savannah, Ga. During
1750-54 he was governor of Georgia. He
died about 1778, on the Isle of Hope,
Ga.
PARKER, HENRY LANGDON, lawyer,
legislator, was born Oct. 7, 1832, in Acton,
Mass. During 1887-90 he was a member
of the Massachusetts state legislature,
and has filled several judicial positions.
PARKER, HENRY WEBSTER, educa
tor, clergyman, poet, was born Sept. 7,
1824, in Danby, N. Y. He is a presbyte-
rian clergyman and educator, professor
of mental science in Iowa college from
1879; and the author of The Story of
a Soul, a poem; and Verse.
PARKER, HOSEA W., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born May 30,
3833, in Lempster, N. H. He was a mem
ber of the legislature of New Hampshire
in 1859. He was elected to the forty-
second and forty-third congresses.
PARKER, ISAAC, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born June 17, 1768, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was elected to congress,
serving as a representative from 1797 to
1799. He was appointed, by President
Adams, marshal for the district of Maine,
which office he held until 1801. He after
ward removed to Portland. In 1806 he
became judge of the supreme court, and
in 1814 chief justice, which position he
occupied for sixteen years. For several
years he was professor of law in Harvard
unnersity. He died May 26, 1830, in Bos
ton, Mass.
PARKER, ISAAC C., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 15,
1838, in Belmont county, Ohio. He re
moved to St. Joseph, Mo.; and was elect
ed city attorney in 1862 and 1863. In
1868 he was elected circuit judge for six
years, but resigned in 1870; and was
elected to the forty-second and forty-
third congresses. In 1875 he was ap
pointed chief justice of Utah; and in
March of the same year was appointed
tJnited States district judge for the west
ern district of Arkansas.
718
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PARKER, JAMES, physician, congress
man, was born in 1768, in Boston, Mass.
He was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1813 to 1815, and
from 1819 to 1821. He died Nov. 9, 1837,
in Gardiner, Maine.
PARKER, JAMES, merchant, state leg
islator, congressman, was born March 3,
1776, in Bethlehem, N. J. He was a mem
ber of the New Jersey legislature in 1806-
18; and was a representative in congress
from 1833 to 1837. He served as one of
the commissioners on the part of New
Jersey to settle the boundary and juris
diction between New York and New Jer
sey. He died April 1, 1868, in Perth Am-
boy, N. J.
PARKER, JAMES CUTTER DUNN,
musician, author, was born June 2, 1828,
in Boston, Mass. He is a Boston mu
sician; and the author of Manual of Har
mony; and Theoretical and Practical
Harmony.
PARKER, JAMES HENRY, banker,
was born Jan. 4, 1843, in Johnston coun
ty, N. C. In 1882 he moved to New York
and carried on a cotton and commission
business with success, serving for two
years as president of the Cotton ex
change. In 1891 the United States Na
tional bank called him to its presidency
and he is yet at its head.
PARKER, JOEL, educator, lawyer, ju
rist, author, was born Jan. 25, 1795, in
Jaffrey, N. H. He was a jurist of Massa
chusetts, professor of law at Harvard
university in 1847-75; and the author of
The War Power of Congress; The Right
of Secession; The Non-Extension of
Slavery; Constitutional Law; Revolu
tion and Construction; The Three Pow
ers of Government; and Conflict of De
cisions. He died Aug. 17, 1875, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
PARKER, JOEL, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 27, 1799, in Bethel, Vt.
He was a presbyterian clergyman of New
York city; and the author of Lectures
on Unitarianism; Invitations to True
Happiness; Reasonings of a Pastor; Ser
mons; and Notes on Twelve Psalms. He
died May 2, 1873, in New York city.
PARKER, JOEL, soldier, lawyer, state
legislator, governor, was born Nov. 24,
1816, near Freehold, N. J. He received a
common school edu
cation at Trenton;
graduated at Prince
ton college in 1839;
studied law, and
came to the bar in
1842. He was elect
ed to the state leg
islature in 1847; and
was, for a time, at
torney for his coun
ty. In 1861 he was
elected major - gen
eral of volunteers.
In 1862 he was elected governor of New
Jersey for three years; and was again
elected governor in 1871. He died Jan.
2, 1888, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PARKER, JOHN, congressman, was
born Jan. 24, 1749, in Charleston, S. C.
He was a delegate from South Carolina
to the continental congress from 1786 to
1788. He died April 20, 1822, near Charles
ton, S. C.
PARKER, JOHN ADAMS, artist, was
born Nov. 29, 1829, in New York city.
Mountain scenery has especially claimed
his attention, and the Adirondacks, the
Catskills, and the White mountains have
furnished him with most of the subjects
for his paintings. They include Twilight
in the Adirondacks; Winter; Winter
Twilight; and Landscape in the Adi
rondacks— Twilight.
PARKER, JOHN MASON, lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 14, 1805, in
Granville, N. Y. He was a representa
tive in the thirty-fifth congress from New
York.
PARKER, JOSIAH, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1789 to 1801.
PARKER. LINUS, methodist episcopal
bishop, was born in 1829, in Rome, N. Y.
He was editor of the New Orleans Chris
tian Advocate in New Orleans, La., for
some time. Early in his ministry he was
elected a delegate to the general confer
ence, and sat in its quadrennial sessions
from 1870 till 1882, inclusive. In the lat
ter year he was elected a bishop. He died
March 5, 1885, in New Orleans, La.
PARKER, NAHUM, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born March
4, 1760, in Cheshire county, N. H. He
was a state counselor of New Hampshire
from 1805 to 1807. He was United States
senator from 1807 to 1810; judge of the
court of common pleas from 1822 to 1825;
and president of the state senate in 1828.
He died Nov. 12, 1839, in Fitzwilliam,
N. H.
PARKER, NATHAN HOWE, author.
He is the author of Iowa as It Is in 1855;
Kansas and Nebraska Handbook for 1857-
58; The Missouri Handbook; and Missouri
as It Is in 1867.
PARKER, NELSON AUGUSTUS, sol
dier, lawyer, was born July 18, 1840, in
Hamburgh, N. Y. In 1868 he graduated
from the law depart
ment of the Michi
gan university; and
since 1869 has prac
ticed law in Benzie
and adjoining coun-
ties with success. He
has been prosecuting
attorney of Benzie
county; has been
1 candidate for judge
of probate and for
circuit judge; and in
1884 was a delegate
to the national greenback convention. In
1868 he was a delegate to the national
soldiers' convention at Chicago; and
voted to nominate General U. S. Grant
for his first term as president. During the
war he was sergeant, lieutenant and cap
tain of company B, twentieth regiment,
Michigan volunteer infantry.
PARKER, MRS. PERMELIA JANE
(MARSH), author, was born June 16, 1836,
in Milan, N. Y. She is a writer of Roches
ter, N. Y., and the author of Toiling and
Hoping, a novel; The Boy Missionary;
Losing the Way; Under His Banner; The
Midnight Cry, a novel of the Millerite de
lusion; Rochester, a Story Historical;
Life of S. F. B. Morse; The Morgan Boys;
Around the Manger; and Andy, the story
of a Troublesome Boy.
PARKER, PETER, missionary, author,
was born June 18, 1804, in Framingham,
Mass. He was a congregational mission
ary and diplomat in China, and after 1857
a resident of Washington. He was the au
thor of Journal of an Expedition from
Singapore to Japan; and Statement Re
specting Hospitals in China. He died Jan
10, 1888, in Washington, D. C.
PARKER, RICHARD, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1849 to 1851.
PARKER, RICHARD ELLIOTT, law
yer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Dec. 27, 1783, in Westmoreland coun
ty, Va. In early life he was a member of
the Virginia house of delegates; and was
for many years a judge of the general and
circuit courts of Virginia. He was also
a judge of the supreme court of appeals;
and for a brief period in 1836 and 1837 was
a senator in congress. He died Sept 9
1840, in Richmond, Va.
PARKER, RICHARD GREEN, educat
or, author, was born in 1798 in Massa
chusetts. He was an educator of Boston;
and the author of Natural Philosophy;
and Aids to English Composition. He
died in 1869.
PARKER, RICHARD WAYNE, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Aug. 6, 1848, in Morristown, N. J. He is
a successful lawyer of Newark, N. J.; and
was a member of the house of assembly
of New Jersey in 1885 and 1886. He was
the republican candidate for the fifty-
third congress and was elected to the fifty-
fourth and fifty-fifth congresses.
PARKER, SAMUEL, protestant episco
pal bishop, author, was born Aug. 17, 1744,
in Portsmouth, N. H. In 1803 he was
unanimously elected to the episcopate of
Massachusetts, and was consecrated in
Trinity church. New York city, in
1804. He published an Annual Election
Sermon Before the Legislature of Massa
chusetts; a Sermon for the Benefit of
the Boston Female Asylum; and several
other occasional discourses. He died Dec.
6, 1804, in Boston, Mass.
PARKER, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born April 23, 1779, in Ashfield, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
New York state, said to have been the
first who suggested the possibility of a
railway through the Rocky mountains to
the Pacific ocean. He published, Explor
ing Tour Beyond the Rocky Mountains.
He died March 24, 1866, in Ithaca, N. Y.
PARKER, SAMUEL W., journalist, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Sept. 9, 1805, in Jefferson county,
N. Y. He was elected to the Indiana
legislature in 1836, where he served five
years. He was two years attorney for the
state, and was a representative in con
gress from Indiana from 1851 to 1855.
PARKER, SEVERN E., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in
Northampton county, Va. He was a prom
inent member of the Virginia legislature;
and a representative in congress from
1819 to 1821. He died Oct. 21, 1836, in
Northampton, Va.
PARKER, THEODORE, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 24, 1810, in Lexing
ton, Mass. He was a famous Unitarian
clergyman of West Roxbury, Mass. He
was the author of Miscellaneous Writings;
Sermons on Theism, Atheism, and Popular
Theology; Occasional Sermons and
Speeches; Matters Pertaining to Religion;
Additional Sermons and Speeches; Ser
mons for the Times; Experience as a
Minister; West Roxbury Sermons;
Prayers; Lessons from the World of Mat
ter and the World of Mind; Historic
Americans; and Views of Religion. His
complete works, as edited by Frances
Power Cobbe, fill twelve volumes. He
died May 10, 1860, in Florence, Italy.
PARKER, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 8, 1595, in England.
He was a learned puritan clergyman who
was one of the founders of Newbury,
Mass., and its first pastor. Parker River,
in that region, is named in his honor.
He was the author of Letter on Church
Government; Prophecies of Daniel Ex
pounded; Methodus Gratiae Divinise; and
Theses de Traductione Peccatoris ad VI-
tam. He died April 24, 1677, in New
bury, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
719
PARKER, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist. He
was a citizen of South Carolina; and in
1812 was appointed judge of the United
States court for the district of South Caro
lina.
PARKER, WILLARD, educator, physi
cian, surgeon, author, was born Sept. 2,
1800, in Hillsborough, N. H. He was a
•distinguished surgeon of Philadelphia,
professor of surgery in the College of
Physicians and Surgeons in 1839-69; and
the author of Cystotomy; Spontaneous
Fractures; and The Concussion of Nerves.
He died April 25, 1884, in New York city.
PARKER, WILLIAM HARWAR, naval
officer, author, was born Oct. 8, 1826, in
New York city. He was an officer in the
confederate navy during the civil war;
and the author of Instruction for Naval
Light Artillery; and Recollections of a
Naval Officer.
PARKER, WILLIAM THORNTON,
A. M., M. D., physician, artist, was born
Jan. 8, 1818, in Groveland, Mass. As an
anatomical artist he is said to have been
unrivaled, his Anatomical Atlas being
,a work of great value.
PARKER, WILLIAM THORNTON, sur
geon, inventor, author, was born Dec. 24,
1849, in Boston, Mass. He founded the
Medical Guild of St. Luke's, and was the
originator to provide a National Sanitari
um for Consumptives. He was appointed
acting professor of American jurisprud
ence in the college of Physicians and Sur
geons of Chicago.
PARKHILL, CHARLES BRECKIN-
RIDGE, lawyer, legislator, was born June
23, 1859, at Tuscawilla, Fla., the planta
tion home of his par
ents. His father,
Captain George W.
Parkhill.was a mem
ber of the secession
convention of Flori
da, and lost his life
In the confederate
army. He received
the rudiments of his
education in the
public schools of
Monticello; then at
tended the R a n-
dolph-Macon college of Ashland, Va. ; and
finally studied law at the university of
Virginia. Since 1883 he has practiced law
in Pensacola, Fla.; has been county at
torney; and in 1897 was appointed prose
cuting attorney for the criminial court of
record for the term of four years. In 1888
he was elected state senator; has taken
part in the democratic state and congres
sional conventions, and is recognized as a
popular orator of unusual eloquence and
ability. In 1890 he was elected grand
chancellor of the Knights of Pythias of
Florida.
PARKHURST, CHARLES HENRY,
clergyman, author, was born April 17,
1842, in Framingham, Mass. He is a pres-
byterian clergyman of New York city,
pastor of the Madison Square church from
1880, and very prominent as a municipal
reformer. He is the author of Forms of
the Latin Verb Illustrated by the Sans
krit; The Blind Man's Creed; The Pat
tern on the Mount; Three Gates on a
Side; What Would the World Be With
out Religion?; The Swiss Guide; and Our
Fight with Tammany.
PARKHURST, MATTHEW M., soldier,
clergyman, was born July 13, 1834, in
Oswego, N. Y. He has filled pastorates
in the episcopal church in Boston, Mil
waukee and Chicago; and has contributed
valuable articles to current literature.
PARKINSON, JOHN BARBER, educat
or, was born April 11, 1834, in Edwards-
ville, 111. :He has filled numerous chairs
Sn the university of Wisconsin, of which
lie is vice-president since 1885; and pro
fessor of constitutional and international
law since 1893.
PARKINSON, WILLIAM, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 8, 1774, in Freder
ick county, Md. He was a baptist clergy
man of New York city; and the author
r.t Ecclesiastical History; Public Minis
try of the Word; and Sermons on Deuter
onomy xxxii. He died March 10, 1848, in
New York city.
PARKMAN, FRANCIS, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 4, 1788, in Boston,
Mass. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
Boston; and the author of The Offering
of Sympathy. He died Nov. 12, 1852, in
Uuslou, Mass.
PAKKMAN, FRANCIS, historian, au
thor, was born Sept. 16, 1823, in Boston,
Mass. He was the foremost of American
historians. The work of his life was the
series of historical narratives called
France and England in North America,
begun in 1864 and completed in 1892. He
was the author of Pioneers of France in
the New World; The Jesuits in North
America; La Salle and the Discovery of
the Great West; The Old Regime in Can
ada; Count Frontenac and New France
under Louis XIV; A Half Century of Con
flict; and Montcalm and Wolfe. The Con
spiracy of Pontiac forms a sequel to the
work, though first issued in 1857. He died
in 1893. .
PARKMAN, GEORGE, physician, au
thor, was born in 1791 in Boston, Mass.
He was a Boston physician who published
Insanity and the Management of the. In
sane. He died in November, 1849, in Bos
ton, Mass.
PARKS, GORHAM, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1793 in Massachusetts.
He was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1833 to 1837; and from 1838
to 1841 was United States marshal for the
district of Maine. From 1843 to 1845 he
was United States attorney; and from
1845 to 1849 was United States consul at
Rio Janeiro.
PARKS, LEIGHTON, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1855 in New York. He
is an episcopal clergyman of Boston; rec
tor of Emmanuel church from 1878; and
the author of His Star in the East; and
Winning of the Soul, and Other Sermons.
PARKS, SAMUEL C., lawyer, jurist,
was born in Vermont. He was appointed
a justice of the United States court for
the territory of Idaho. He afterward re
sided in New Mexico; and in 1882 was
appointed an associate justice of the su
preme court of the territory of Wyoming.
PARKS, SAMUEL SHAW, lawyer, was
born May 6, 1863, in Palmer, Mass. His
mother is a descendant from the first set
tlers of Plymouth who came over in the
Mayflower. In 1879 he entered Monson
academy, graduating therefrom in 1882.
He entered Amherst college in 1882, and
received the degree of B. A. in 1886. In
1888 he graduated from the Union college
of Law, and since that time has practiced
his profession in Chicago. He is a demo
crat of very pronounced views; and is a
member of various silver and other politi
cal clubs. He was married in 1888 to
Grace Runyan, daughter of E. F. Runyan,
a noted lawyer of Chicago; and they have
two children.
PARLOA, MARIA, author, was born in
1843 in Massachusetts. She is a lecturer
and writer upon domestic economy,
especially upon the science of food prep
aration; and the author of First Princi
ples of Household Management and Cook
ery; Kitchen Companion; The Young
Housekeeper; and New Cook Book and
Marketing Guide.
PARMELEE, THEODORE NELSON,
journalist, author, was born in 1804 in
Connecticut. He was editor for several
years of the Buffalo Commercial, and au
thor of some of the biographies in the
volume Men of Progress; of a series of
political reminiscences that were pub
lished in Harper's Magazine under the
title Recollections of an Old Stager; and
of numerous fugitive articles. He died
July 3, 1874, in Branford, Conn.
PARMENTER, WILLIAM, naval officer,
state senator, congressman, was born in
Massachusetts. He was a state senator in
1836; and was a representative in congress
from Massachusetts from 1837 to 1845. He
was a naval officer at Boston from 1845 to
1849. He died Feb. 27, 1866, in Cambridge,
Mass.
PARR, FRANKLIN J., lawyer, was
born Nov. 30, 1865, near Pekin, 111. He re
ceived a liberal education, was admitted
to the bar, and has attained success as one
of the leading lawyers of Iowa at Fort
Dodge. He has been a school director in
Illinois; and city attorney for Storm
Lake, Iowa. He holds the degrees of B. S.
and LL. B., and contributes extensively to
law literature.
PARRENT, JOHN M., educator, was
born May 28, 1859, in Alton, Ky. He at
tended the Kentucky Military institute,
and the Normal college; and has since
been engaged in educational work. He
first taught in the public schools of Ken
tucky, then at the Lawrenceburg semi
nary, then at the Normal college; and in
1888 moved to Montana. For four years
he was principal of the Lewistown graded
schools, and in 1892 was elected county su
perintendent of schools.
PARRETT, WILLIAM F., lawyer, jur
ist, was born Aug. 10, 1825, in Blairsville,
Ind. In 1858 he was elected to the Indi
ana legislature and served during the gen
eral and special sessions; in 1859 was
appointed judge of the fifteenth circuit,
to which position he was elected for six
years at the election following his ap
pointment; and after his election he re
turned to Evansville, where he has since
resided. In 1865 he was re-elected for a
term of six years. In 1873 he was appoint
ed judge of the first circuit, and was
elected to the same position; and twice
re-elected, 1879 and 1884. He was elected
to the fifty-first congress; and re-elected
to the fifty-second congress as a democrat.
PARRIS, ALBION KEITH, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, United States senator,
governor, was born Jan. 19, 1788, in Au
burn, Maine. In 1811 he was appointed
attorney for Oxford county, Maine; in
1813 was elected to the general court; and
in 1814 was chosen a state senator. He
was elected a representative in congress
in 1815, and again in 1817. He was ap
pointed judge of the feueral district court
in 1818. In 1820 he was appointed judge
of probate for Cumberland county. He
was five times elected governor of Maine
from 1822 to 1827; and was a senator in
congress in 1827 and 1828. He was ap
pointed judge of the supreme court of the
state in 1828, holding the office until 1836,
when he became second comptroller in the
federal treasury department. He left that
office in 1850, and returned to Portland.
In 1852 he was elected mayor. He died
Feb. 11, 1857, in Portland, Maine.
PARRIS, VIRGIL D., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman. He was assistant
secretary of the state senate in 1831; and
was a member of the Maine legislature
from 1833 to 1839. He was a representa
tive in congress from Maine from 1838 to
1841; and a state senator in 1842 and 1843.
He was a United States marshal for Maine
from 1844 to 1848; United States special
mail agent from 1853 to 1856; and subse
quently held the office of naval storekeep
er at Kittery, Maine. He died June 13,
1874, in Kittery, Maine.
720
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PARRISH, CHARLES HENRY, clergy
man, educator, college president, was born
April 18, 1859, in Lexington, Ky. He re
ceived the rudiments of his education in
the public schools of his native city; and
attended the state university of Louis
ville, in which institution he was subse
quently secretary, treasurer and professor
of Greek. He is now pastor of the Cal
vary Baptist church of Louisville and
president of the Eckstein Norton univer
sity.
PARRISH, EDWARD, educator, col
lege president, author, was born May 31,
1822, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was an edu
cator and pharmacist of Philadelphia, and
president of Swarthmore college in 1868-
70. He was the author of Introduction
to Practical Pharmacy; The Phantom
Bouquet, a Treatise on Skeletonizing
Leaves; and Essay on Education in the
Society of Friends. He died in 1872.
PARRISH, ISAAC, congressman, was
born in 1811 in Ohio. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1839 to 1841, and again from 1845 to 1847.
PARRISH, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Nov. 7, 1729, in Baltimore, Md.
He was a Quaker preacher of Pennsyl
vania noted as an early opponent of slav
ery, who published Remarks on the Slav
ery of the Black Race. He died Oct. 21,
1807, in Baltimore, Md.
PARRISH, JOSEPH, physician, author,
was born Sept. 2, 1779, in Philadelphia.
He was an eminent Philadelphia physi
cian who was the author of Practical Ob
servations on Strangulated Hernia. He
died in 1840.
PARRISH, JOSEPH, physician, author, '
was born Nov. 11, 1818, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a physician of Burlington,
N. J., famous as an authority upon the
treatment of inebriates; and the author
of Alcoholic Inebriety from the Medical
Standpoint. He died in 1891.
PARRISH, ROB ROY, poet, was born
Jan. 15, 1846, in Noble county, Ohio. He
is the author of a volume of poems en
titled Echoes From the Vale.
PARROTT, ENOCH GREENLEAF,
naval officer, was born Dec. 10, 1814, in
Portsmouth, N. H. He entered the United
States navy as a midshipman in 1831, be
came lieutenant in 1841. He was commis
sioned captain in 1866, commodore in 1870,
rear-admiral in 1873, and was retired in
1874. He died May 10, 1879, in New York
city.
PARROTT, JOHN FRANCIS, state leg
islator, congressman, United States sen
ator, was born in 1768 in Greenland, N. H.
He was in 1811 a member of the New
Hampshire legislature; a representative
in congress from New Hampshire from
1817 to 1819; and a senator of the United
States from 1819 to 1825. In 1826 he was
appointed postmaster at Portsmouth. He
died July 9, 1836, in Greenland, N. H.
PARROTT, MARCUS J., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Oct. 27,
1828, in Hamburg, S. C. He was a member
of the Ohio legislature in 1853 and 1854.
He was elected a delegate to the thirty-
fifth congress from Kansas territory; and
re-elected to the thirty-sixth congress.
PARROTT, MATT, journalist, legisla
tor, was born May 11, 1837, in Schoharie,
N. Y. He is a noted journalist of Water
loo, Iowa, of which city he has been
mayor. For eight years he served as a
state senator in the Iowa legislature, and
is now serving as lieutenant-governor of
that state.
PARROTT. ROBERT PARKER, soldier,
inventor, was born Oct. 5, 1804, in Lee,
N. H. He was a captain of ordnance in
the United States army, and invented the
Parrott system of rifled cannon and pro
jectiles. He died Dec. 24, 1877, in Cold
Spring, N. Y.
PARRY, CHARLES CHRISTOPHER,
botanist, author, was born Aug. 28, 1823,
in England. He was a botanist of Daven
port, Iowa, among whose writings are,
Botanical Observations in Western Wyo
ming; and Botanical Observations in
Southern Utah. He died Feb. 20, 1890.
PARSON, SAMUEL H., lawyer, jurist.
He was appointed an associate justice of
the United States court for the territory
northwest of the Ohio river.
PARSONS, ALBERT ROSS, musician,
composer, was born Nov. 16, 1847, in San-
dusky, Ohio. He has attained national
prominence as a musician of New York
city; and has composed many pieces.
Among his best known are: The Night
Has a Thousand Eyes; Break, Break;
Etude; and many other pieces.
PARSONS, ANDREW, state senator,
governor, was born July 22, 1817, in Hoo-
sick, N. Y. In 1846 he was elected to
the Michigan state senate; and in 1853
was elected governor, resigning in 1855.
He died June 6, 1855.
PARSONS, ANSON VIRGIL, lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1799 in Granville,
Mass. In 1840 he was president judge of
the court of common pleas of the Dau
phin judicial district. In 1842 he became
secretary of the commonwealth. He re
turned to the bench as judge of the court
of common pleas of Philadelphia in 1843.
He .resumed practice in 1851, when the
judiciary became elective. With Judge
Edward King, he published Select Cases
in Equity, in two volumes. He died Sept.
23, 1882, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PARSONS, CHARLES, artist, was born
May 8, 1821, in England. Since 1861 he
has been at the head of the art depa'rt-
ment of Harper and Brothers. Among his
recent paintings are An Old Orchard,
Long Island; and Amagansett, L. I.
PARSONS, CHARLES, .railroad presi
dent, was born Feb. 6, 1829, in Alfred,
Maine. Since 1894 he has been president
of the South Carolina and Georgia rail
way.
PARSONS, CHARLES WILLIAM, phy
sician, educator, author, was born Sept.
6, 1823, in Providence, R. I. He settled
in practice in Providence; was professor
of physiology in Brown in 1874-82; and
is the author of two Fiske fund prize dis
sertations, and many medical and his
torical papers.
PARSONS, CHARLES WESLEY, ora
tor, clergyman, was born Jan. 7, 1851, in
Otsego county, N. Y. He received his edu
cation at the Cazenovia seminary; the
Wyoming Conference seminary of Kings
ton, Pa.; and the Drew Theological semi
nary of Madison, N. J. He has attained
distinction as a brilliant orator, and as
one of the leading clergymen of the meth-
odist episcopal church. He has filled pas
torates in Fairfield, Gouverneur, Water-
town, and Rome, N. Y.; in Kansas City,
Mo.; Newark, N. J.; Brooklyn, N. Y.;
and is now pastor of the Chestnut Street
church of Portland, Maine.
PARSONS, DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 28, 1749, in Amherst, N. H.
He gave the ground on which Amherst
college is built; contributed to its sup
port; and wrote Election Sermon; a'nd
Ordination Sermon. He died May 18, 1823,
in Wethersfield, Conn.
PARSONS, EDWARD YOUNG, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 12, 1842, in
Jefferson county, Ky. In 1874 he was
elected a representative from Kentucky to
the forty-fourth congress. He died July
8, 1876.
PARSONS, MRS. FRANCES THEO
DORA [SMITH] [DANA], author, was
born in 1861 in New York. She is a writer
of Albany whose books were published
under the name of Mrs. William Starr
Dana. She is the author of How to Know
the Wild Flowers; According to Season;
and Plants and Their Children.
PARSONS, FRANK, lawyer, author,
was born in 1855 in New Jersey. He is a
lawyer of Boston; and the author of The
World's Best Books; and Our Country's
Need, or the Development of a Scientific
Industrial System. He has edited several
legal works.
PARSONS, GEORGE FREDERIC, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1840 in Eng
land. He is a journalist of New York
city; and the author of Life of J. W. Mar
shall, Discoverer of Gold in California;
and Middle Ground, a novel.
PARSONS, GEORGE M., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Jan. 15, 1850, in
Cambridge City, Ind. While attending
high school in Hamilton, Ohio, he enlisted
as a private soldier in the eighty-ninth
regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, being
but fifteen years of age. At the close of
the war he entered a commercial college;
took up the study of law; and has at
tained success as one of the leading law
yers of Idaho at Boise City. He was a
member of the seventh and tenth sessions
of the Idaho territorial legislature; in
1883-84 was probate judge of Alturas
county; and for two terms during 1893-
96 was attorney-general of Idaho.
PARSONS. HENRY BETTS, chemist,
educator, author, was born Nov. 20, 1855,
in Asia Minor. His Method for the Proxi
mate Analysis of Plants was published in
the chief chemical journals of the world,
and universally adopted. He died Aug. 21,
1885, in Tucson, Ariz.
PARSONS, J. D., librarian. He is li
brarian of the public library of Newbury-
port, Mass.; and is a constant contributor
to current publications.
PARSONS, JONATHAN, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1705 in Massachusetts.
He was a presbyterian minister of New-
buryport.who adopted the views of White-
field, and in whose house that famous
preacher died. He was the author of
Lectures on Justification; Good News
from a Far Country, said to be the first
book published in New Hampshire; Sixty
Sermons; and Freedom from Ecclesiasti
cal and Civil Slavery the Purchase of
Christ. He died in 1776.
PARSONS, LEVI, lawyer, jurist, rail
road president, was born July 1, 1822, in
Kingsboro, N. Y. He was elected judge
of the San Francisco district in 1850, sub
sequently engaged in business, and built
the Missouri, Kansas and Texas railroad,
of which he became the first president.
He died Oct. 23, 1887, in New York city.
PARSONS, LEWIS BALDWIN, soldier,
lawyer, was born April 5, 1818, in Genesee
county, N. Y. In 1864 he was placed in
charge of all railroad and river army
transportation in the United States. He
was promoted brigadier-general of volun
teers in 1865, and in 1866 was brevetted
major-general of volunteers.
PARSONS, LEWIS E., governor. He
was appointed provisional governor of
Alabama in 1865.
PARSONS, MOSBY MONROE, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, was born in 1819 in
Virginia. He was attorney-general of
Missouri in 1853-57, and subsequently be
came a member of the state senate. He
was active in organizing the state militia,
and raised a mounted brigade which he
commanded with the rank of brigadier-
general. He died Aug. 17, 1865, in Ca-
margo, Mexico.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
721
PARSONS, RICHARD C., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Oct.
10, 1826, in New London, Conn. In 1851
he was elected a member of the city
council of Cleveland, and the next year
president of that body. In 1857 he was
elected to the Ohio legislature; re-elected,
and chosen speaker of the house. He was
appointed consul at Rio Janeiro; was ap
pointed collector of internal revenue at
Cleveland for four years; and in 1866
received the appointment of marshal of
the supreme court of the United States,
and served six years. He was elected to
the forty-third congress.
PAKSONS, SAMUEL HOLDEN, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, author, was born May 14,
1737, in Lyme, Conn. He was elected a
member of the Connecticut assembly in
1762, and successively for eighteen ses
sions. He was made brigadier-general by
congress in 1776; and major-general in
1780. In 1785 he was appointed by con
gress a commissioner to treat with the
Indians at Miami; was a member of the
convention of Connecticut which ratified
the federal constitution of 1788; and was
appointed first judge of the northwest
territory. In 1789 he was state commis
sioner for treating with the Indians on
the western reserve of Connecticut; and
settled on the Ohio river in 1787, and pub
lished an essay on the antiquities of the
western states. He was drowned Nov. 17,
1789, in Big Beaver river, Ohio.
PARSONS, THEOPHILUS, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born Feb. 24, 1750, in
Byfield, Mass. He was a jurist of New-
buryport and after 1800 of Boston, and
chief justice of Massachusetts from 1801.
He was the author of Commentaries on
the Law of the United States; and The
Essex Result, a famous political pamphlet
of 1777. He died Oct. 30, 1813, in Boston,
Mass.
PARSONS, THEOPHILUS, educator,
author, was born May 17. 1797, in New-
buryport, Mass. He was a noted legal
writer, Dane professor of law in Har
vard university from 1847, and an eminent
Swedenborgian thinker. He was the au
thor of Treatise on the Law of Contracts;
Elements of Mercantile Law: The Laws
of Business; Maritime Law; Law of Prom
issory Notes; Principles of the Law of
Partnership; The Law of Marine Insur
ance; Treatise on the Law of Partner
ship; Political, Personal, and Property
Rights of a United States Citizen; Me
moir of Chief Justice Parsons; The Min
istry of Sorrow; Deus Homo; The In
finite and the Finite; Essays; Outlines of
the Religion and Philosophy of Sweden-
borg; and The Mystery of Life. He died
Jan. 26, 1882, in Cambridge, Mass.
PARSONS, THOMAS WILLIAM, au
thor, poet, was born Aug. 18, 1819, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a poet of Boston who
for some years practiced his profession of
dentistry there. The quality of his writ
ing is uneven, but in such poems as the
Lines on a Bust of Dante, and When
Francesca Sings, he is at his best. His
work includes a much admired though in
complete translation in English verse of
Dante's Divina Commedia. of which an
edition was issued in 1893, with introduc
tion by C. E. Norton, and memorial
sketch by Miss Guiney; Ghetto di Roma;
The Magnolia; The Old Home at Sudbury;
The Shadow of the Obelisk, and Other
Poems; and Poems. He died in 1892.
PARSONS, USHER, surgeon, was born
Aug. 8, 1788, in Alfred, Maine. He was
a surgeon of Providence; and the author
of The Art of Making Anatomic Prepara
tions; Prize Dissertations; Sailors' Phy
sician; History of the Battle of Lake Erie;
and Life of Sir William Pepperell. He
died Dec. 19, 1868, in Providence, R. I.
46
PARSONS, WILLIAM, surveyor, was
born in England. In 1743 he was appoint
ed surveyor-general of Pennsylvania, re
signing in 1748. He died in December,
1757, in Easton, Pa.
PARTHEMORE, E.WINFIELD SCOTT,
business man, author, was born July 25,
1852, in Highspire, Pa. He is largely in
terested in building and loan associations.
He is the author of A Genealogy of the
Parthemore Family; and A Genealogy
of the Luding Bretz Family.
PARTON, ARTHUR, artist, was born
March 26, 1842. in Hudson, N. Y. In 1886
he received a gold medal at the prize ex
hibition at the American Art association
for his Evening after the Rain. His pic
tures include November; On the Road
to Mt. Marcy; and A Mountain Brook.
PARTON, ERNEST, artist, was born
March 17, 1845, in Hudson, N. Y. Among
his paintings are Morning Mist; Papa's
Luncheon; Placid Stream; and Sunny
September.
PARTON, JAMES, author, was born
Feb. 9, 1822, in England. He was a pop
ular writer of English birth who came to
America when very young and for the
latter part of his life resided in Newbury-
port. The permanent value of his writing
is not great, with the possible exception of
his Life of Voltaire. He was the author
of Lives of Greeley, Aaron Burr, Andrew
Jackson, Franklin, Jefferson; General
Butler in New Orleans; Famous Ameri
cans of Recent Times; Smoking and
Drinking; Captains of Industry; Tri
umphs of Enterprise; Noted Women of
America and Europe; The People's Book
of Biography; Caricature and Other Com
ic Art; and Topics of the Times. He died
in 1891.
PARTON. MRS. SARAH PAYSON
[WILLIS] [ELDRIDGE], author, was
born July 7, 1811, in Portland, Maine. She
was a once popular but now neglected
writer who for some sixteen years con
tributed a weekly article to The New York
Ledger. She was the author of Rose
Clark, a novel; Ruth Hall, a novel more
or less autobiographic; Fern Leaves;
Folly as It Flies; Ginger Snaps; and
Caper Sauce. She died Oct. 10, 1872.
PARTRIDGE, GEORGE, congressman,
was born Feb. 8, 1740, in Duxbury, Mass.
He was a delegate to the continental con
gress from Massachusetts from 1776 to
1778, and in 1784; and a representative in
congress after the adoption of the consti
tution, from 1789 to 1791. He died July 7,
1828, in Duxbury, Mass.
PARTRIDGE, OLIVER, congressman,
was born June 13, 1712, in Hatfield, Mass.
He was a member of the first colonial con
gress in 1765. He died July 21, 1792, in
Hatfield, Mass.
PARTRIDGE, SAMUEL, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1841 to 1843. He died April 2, 1883.
PARTRIDGE, WILLIAM ORDWAY,
sculptor, author, poet, was born in 1861
in France. He is a sculptor of Milton,
Mass.; and the author of Art for Amer
ica; The Technique of Sculpture; and
The Song Life of a Sculptor.
PARVIN, THEODORE SUTTON, law
yer, jurist, author, was born Jan. 15, 1817,
in Cumberland county, N. J. He was
elected three consecutive terms as judge
of the probate court of Iowa. He has been
grand secretary of the Masonic lodge of
Iowa, and has edited a full set of the an
nals of the grand lodge from its organiza
tion, comprising thirteen large volumes.
He is the author of History of Iowa; and
History of Templary in Iowa.
PARVIN, THEOPHILUS, physician, au
thor, was born Jan. 8, 1829, in Argentine
Republic. He is a Philadelphia physician;
professor in Jefferson Medical college; and
has published The Science and Art of Ob
stetrics.
PASCHAL, THOMAS M., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 15, 1845, in
Alexandria, La. He moved to Brackett,
Texas, in 1873, and practiced law till 1875,
when elected judge of the twenty-fourth
judicial district, to which position he was
re-elected in 1880 and 1884. In 18i6 he
was appointed agent between the United
States and Mexico, and was reappointed
in 1880. In 1875 he returned to Castroville
and was elected judge of the thirty-eighth
judicial district in 1888. He was elected
to the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
PASCHALL, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
lawyer, jurist, educator, author, was born
Nov. 23, 1812, in Skull Shoals, Ga. He was
a jurist of Texas, and later of Washing
ton, where he was professor of jurisprud
ence in Georgetown college. He was the
author of Annotated Digest of Texas
Laws; Decisions of Texas Supreme Court;
and Annotated Constitution of the United
States. He died Feb. 16, 1878, in Wash
ington, D. C.
PASCO. SAMUEL, soldier, lawyer, leg
islator, United States senator, was born
June 28, 1834, in London, England. When
quite young he moved with his father
first to Prince Edward Island, thence to
Massachusetts; was prepared for college
at the high school in Charlestown; and
graduated at Harvard in 1858. In 1859 he
went to Florida to take charge of the
Waukeenah academy of Jefferson county,
where he has ever since resided. In 1861
he entered the confederate army as a pri
vate. He was admitted to the bar in
1868; in 1872 became a member of the
democratic state committee; and from
1876 to 1888 was its chairman. He has
represented Florida on the democratic na
tional committee since 1880; and in 1880
was elected a presidential elector at large;
in 1885 was president of the constitutional
convention of his state; and in 1887, while
speaker of the state house of representa
tives, was elected to the United States
senate as a democrat, to succeed Charles
W. Jones; and was re-elected to the same
office. His term of service will expire
March 3, 1899.
PASKO, WESLEY WASHINGTON, in
ventor, author, was born Jan. 4, 1840, in
Waterloo, N. Y. He is the inventor of the
Pasko Press; and is the author of Bio
graphical History of Indiana; History of
Butler County, Ohio; A Dictionary of
Printing and Bookmaking; and Men Who
Advertise.
PATCHIN, CLINTON H., lawyer, state
legislator, was born Aug. 31, 1830, in Ro
chester, N. Y. For many years he was
state sealer of
weights and meas
ures; has served
with distinction as a
member of both
i^ houses of the state
legislature of Ne
vada; and for many
years was district at
torney of Lincoln
county. He Is one of
the foremost law
yers of Nevada at
Pioche, and a con
tributor to law journals and the periodical
press of the west.
PATCHIN, JARED, lawyer, jurist, was
born April 18, 1828, in Benton, N. Y. He
was a member of the Florida state legis
lature; was county attorney; and in 1868
T,-as judge of the circuit court.
' k
I
722
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PATERSON, DONALD, educator, phy
sician, lawyer, was born Jan. 4, 1837, in
Bennettsville, S. C. He graduated in both
law and medicine from the state univer
sity of Georgia. He has been a professor
of mathematics in several institutions; a
justice of the peace for many years, and a
leading attorney and practicing physician
and druggist of Concord, Fla.
PATERSON, JOHN, soldier, was born
in 1744 in New Britain, Conn. He was a
member of the first provincial congress
which met at Salem in 1744; and also of
the congress of 1775. In 1777 he was
made a brigadier-general; and in 1783 be
came major-general. In 1792 he was a
member of the New York assembly; of
the constitutional convention of 1801; and
a member of congress in 1803-05. He died
July 19, 1808, in Whitney's Point, N. Y.
PATERSON, JOHN, mathematician, au
thor, was born Jan. 11, 1801, in Paterson,
N. J. He published a work on the Cal
culus of Operations, to which was added
a supplemental volume; and papers on
Weights and Measures. He died July 31,
1883, in Albany, N. Y.
PATERSON, STEPHEN VAN RENS-
SELAER, poet, was born in 1817 in New
Jersey. He was a poet of New Jersey,
whose version of The Moss Rose from the
German of Krummacher is his best-known
poem. He was the author of Poems of
Twin Graduates of the College of New
Jersey. He died in 1872.
PATERSON, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, United States senator, gov
ernor, was born in 1745 at sea. He was a
member of the convention which framed
the first constitution of New Jersey in
1776; and from that time until the year
1786 was attorney-general of the state.
He was a member of the convention which
framed the federal constitution, which in
strument he signed. He was a delegate
to the continental congress in 1780 and
1781; and was one of ihe first senators
in congress from 1789 to 1790, when he re
signed. He was governor of New Jersey
from 1791 to 1794, when he was appoint
ed a judge of the supreme court of the
United States, which position he held
until his death. In 1798 and 1799 he
revised, by authority of the legislature,
the laws of New Jersey, a work highly
esteemed, and the foundation of the juris
prudence of the state. He died Sept. 9,
1806, in Albany, N. Y.
PATERSON, WILLIAM, lawyer, jur
ist, author, poet, was born in 1817 in
New Jersey. He is a jurist of Perth Am-
boy, N. J.; and the co-author with his
brother Stephen of Poems of Twin Gradu
ates of the College of New Jersey.
PATILLO, HENRY, clergyman, author,
was born in 1726 in Scotland. He was
active in pre-revolutionary movements, a
member of the North Carolina provincial
congress in 1775, and was chaplain to that
body, and chairman of the committee of
the whole. He died in 1801 in Dinwiddie
county, Va.
PATRICK, JAMES RHEECE. lawyer,
was born March 4, 1855, in Armstrong
county, Pa. In 1882 he was admitted to
the bar at Springfield, 111.; and subse
quently served as city attorney of Paxton,
111. In 1884 he moved to Nebraska, an'd
now has a large practice in Holdrege,
where he takes an important part in pub
lic affairs.
PATRICK, MARSENA R., soldier, was
bom March 15, 1811, in Houndsfleld, N. Y.
At the beginning of the civil war he was
made inspector-general of the New York
militia, and became brigadier-general of
volunteers in March, 1862. He died July
27, 1888, in Dayton, Ohio.
PATTEE, FRED LEWIS, educator, au
thor, was born March 22, 1863, in Bristol,
N. H. He now fills the chair of English
and rhetoric in the Pennsylvania state col
lege. He is the author of A History of
American Literature; and a volume of
poems entitled The Wine of May.
PATTEN, CLAUDIUS BUCHANAN,
banker, author, was born in 1835. He
was a banker of Boston who published in
1885 England as Seen by an American
Banker. He died in 1886.
PATTEN, ELLEN, educator, poet, was
born May 9, 1834, in Hiram, Ohio. After
receiving a liberal education she attained
success in educational work. She has con
tributed both prose and verse to the peri
odical press, and her poems have been in
cluded in several standard works.
PATTEN, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
soldier, author, poet, was born Dec. 26,
1808, in Newport, R. I. He was an officer
in the United States army who wrote the
noted lyrics, The Seminole's Reply; and
Joys That We've Tasted. His published
books include, Army Manual; Infantry
Tactics; Cavalry Drill; and Voices of
the Border, a volume of verse. He died
in 1882.
PATTEN, JAMES EDWIN, journalist,
was born Sept. 2, 1865, in Cherry Valley,
111. He received a liberal education; and
published the first school paper in the
state of South Dakota at Madison in 1885.
In 1887 he founded The Salem Special of
Salem, S. D., and has since been its editor
and proprietor. In 1894-95 he served as
president of the South Dakota Press as
sociation.
PATTEN, JARVIS, sea captain, author,
was born in 1828 in Bowdoinham, Maine.
He was several times member of the city
council of Bath, Maine; compiled and pub
lished a work on the Seaports of the
World, a valuable book of reference.
PATTEN, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
was born in 1746 in Kent county, Del. He
was commissioned major in 1779, and
fought in almost every battle from Long
Island to Camden, at which he was taken
prisoner. He served in the continental
congress in 1785-86, and in the third con
gress in 1793-94, but his seat was success
fully contested in the latter year. He
died June 17, 1801, in Dover, Del.
PATTEN, JOHN D., congressman. He
was elected from Pennsylvania to the
forty-eighth congress as a democrat and
greenbacker.
PATTEN, SIMON NELSON, educator,
author, was born in 1852 in Illinois. He
is a professor of political economy in the
university of Pennsylvania from 1888; and
the author of The Stability of Prices; The
Consumption of Wealth; Economic Basis
of Protection; Principles of Rational Tax
ation; Educational Value of Political
Economy; Theory of Dynamic Econom
ics; The Premises of Political Economy;
and The Theory of Social Forces.
PATTEN, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1763 in Halifax, Mass.
He was pastor of the Second Congrega
tional church at Newport, R. I., from
1786 till 1833. He published several sep
arate sermons; Christianity the True Re
ligion, a reply to Thomas Paine; Me
moir of Mrs. Ruth Patten, his mother, and
the daughter of Rev. Eleazar Wheelock;
and Reminiscences of Rev. Samuel Hop
kins. He died March 9, 1839, in Hart
ford, Conn.
PATTENGILL, HENRY R.. educator,
journalist, author, was born Jan. 4, 1852,
in Mount Vision, N. Y. He was professor
of literature in the Michigan Agricultural
college during 1886-89; and during 1892-
97 was superintendent of public instruc
tion in Michigan. He is the editor and
publisher of the Michigan School Moder
ator, and Timely Topics, of Lansing; and
is the author of several text-books and
educational manuals.
PATTERSON, ALEXANDER A., rail
road president, was born Dec. 18, 1852, in
Saratoga, N. Y. In 1889 he became presi
dent of the St. Joseph Valley railway.
PATTERSON, CARLILE POLLOCK,
naval officer, civil engineer, was born Aug.
24, 1816, in Shieldsborough, Miss. He
was appointed a midshipman in the
United States navy in 1830; and subse
quently attained the rank of lieutenant.
For many years he was hydrographic
inspector and a member of the lighthouse
board. He died Aug. 15, 1881, near Wash
ington, D. C.
PATTERSON, CHRISTOPHER
STUART, lawyer, educator, author, was
born in 1842 in Pennsylvania. He is a
lawyer of Philadelphia, and professor of
the law of real estate in the university of
Pennsylvania from 1887. He is the au
thor of Memoir of Theodore Cuyler; Rail
way Accident Law; Federal Restraints on
State Action; and The United States
and the State under the Constitution.
PATTERSON, DANIEL TOD, naval of
ficer, was born March 6, 1786, on Long
Island, N. Y. In 1828 he was made naval
commissioner, and in 1832-36 he com
manded the Mediterranean squadron, after
which he was, until his death, command
ant of the navy-yard at Washington. He
died Aug. 15, 1839, in Washington, D. C.
PATTERSON, DAVID TROTTER, law
yer, jurist, state senator, congressman,
was born Feb. 28, 1819, in Greene county,
Tenn. He was elected a judge of the cir
cuit court in 1854; and re-elected in 1862.
In 1865 he was elected a senator in con
gress from Tennessee for the term end
ing in 1869, taking his seat on the last day
of the first session of the thirty-third con
gress. He was son-in-law of President
Andrew Johnson.
PATTERSON, FRANCIS ENGLE, sol
dier, was born June 24, 1827, in Philadel
phia. He became brigadier-general of
volunteers in 1862, and participated in the
peninsular campaign. He died Nov. 22,
1862, in Fairfax Court-House, Va.
PATTERSON, GEORGE WASHING
TON, lawyer, jurist, state legislator, con
gressman, was born Nov. 11, 1799, in
Londonderry, N. H. He was a member of
the New York state assembly for eight
years from 1832 to 1840, the last two of
which he was speaker. He was basin com
missioner at Albany; and harbor com
missioner and quarantine commissioner at
New York. He was elected lieutenant-
governor of the state in 1848. He was for
several years supervisor of Westfield;
and was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-fifth congress as
a republican.
PATTERSON, JAMES KENNEDY, ed
ucator, college president, was born March
26, 1833, in Glasgow, Scotland. He en
tered the Hanover college, Indiana, in
1851, and in course received the degrees
of B. A., A. M. and Ph. D. He has at
tained success in educational work; for
three years was principal of the Greenville
Presbyterian academy, Ky. ; was professor
of languages, history and metaphysics in
various institutions; and since 1869 has
been president of the States college of
Kentucky, which has been built up main
ly by his efforts. He has been a dele
gate from Kentucky to the international
congress of geographical sciences at Paris
in 1875; and a delegate to the British as
sociation for the Advancement of Science
at Leeds in 1890; and is a member of nu
merous scientific bodies.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
723
PATTERSON, JAMES WILLIS, educat
or, state legislator, congressman, United
States senator, was born July 2, 1823, in
Henniker, N. H. In 1862 he served in the
New Hampshire legislature; and was
elected a representative from New Hamp
shire to the thirty-eighth congress. In
1864 he was appointed a regent of the
Smithsonian institution, and was reap-
pointed in 1865. He was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth congress; and in 1866 was
elected a senator in congress for the term
commencing in 1867 and ending in 1873.
He died May 4, 1893, in Hanover, N. H.;
and his portrait hangs in the new library
building of the state capitol.
PATTERSON, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1823 to 1825.
PATTERSON, JOHN, state legislator,
congressman. He was for four years a
member of the assembly of New York;
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1803 to 1805.
PATTERSON, JOHN JAMES, soldier,
journalist, United States senator, was
born Aug. 8, 1830, in Waterloo, Pa. He
was editor of the Juniata Sentinel in 1852,
and for ten years afterward was editor
of the Harrisburg Telegraph. He was a
member of the Pennsylvania state legis
lature in 1858, and the three succeeding
years. He removed to South Carolina in
1869; and was elected to the senate of
the United States for the term commenc
ing in 1873 and ending in 1879.
PATTERSON, JOHN LETCHER, edu
cator, poet, was born June 10, 1862, in
Lexington, Ky. He is principal of the
high school at Versailles, Ky., and is the
author of a volume of poems.
PATTERSON, JOHN THOMAS, presi
dent of Hocker college, was born Dec. 22,
1826, in Winchester, Ky. In 1853 he built
and put in operation what is known as the
Patterson Female institute, which he still
owns, situated at North Middletown, in
Bourbon county, Ky., designed for young
ladies. In 1876 lie accepted the presidency
of Hocker Female college.
PATTERSON, JOSIAH, soldier, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
14, 1837, in Morgan county, Ala. He lo
cated in Memphis, Tenn., in 1872, where
he has since resided. In 1882 he was elect
ed to the lower branch of the state legis
lature; in 1888 he was an elector for the
state at large on the democratic ticket;
and in 1890 was a candidate for governor.
He was elected to the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses and re-elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a democrat.
PATTERSON, MINNIE W., poet, was
born in 1845 in Michigan. She has trans
lated several volumes into English from
the Norse language. She is the author of
a volume of poems entitled Pebbles from
Old Pathways.
PATTERSON, MORRIS, philanthropist,
was born Oct. 26, 1809, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was active in the affairs of the
Presbyterian church; the founder of the
Pennsylvania Working Home for Blind
Men, and took active and substantial in
terest in philanthropic movements in Phil
adelphia. He died Oct. 23, 187§, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
PATTERSON, ROBERT, soldier, edu
cator, author, was born May 30, 1743, in
Ireland. He was a brigade-major in the
revolutionary war; professor of mathe
matics in the university of Pennsylvania
from 1779 to 1814, and was for some time
vice-provost. In 1805 he was made direct-
tor of the United States mint. He pub
lished The Newtonian System; Treatise
on Arithmetic; edited Ferguson's Me
chanics; his Astronomy; John Webster's
Natural Philosophy; and Swing's Natural
Philosophy. He died July 22, 1824, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
PATTERSON, ROBERT, soldier, manu
facturer, was born Jan. 12, 1792, in Ire
land. In 1846 he was made major-
general of volunteers; and served with
distinction in the Mexican war.
PATTERSON, ROBERT, lawyer, was
born Feb. 4, 1819, in Philadelphia, Pa. In
1845 he became clerk to the director of the
United States mint in Philadelphia. In
1868 he drafted the plan of the Fidelity
Trust, Safe Deposit and Insurance com
pany, the first institution of that nature
in Philadelphia, and became its secre
tary and treasurer.
PATTERSON, ROBERT, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1829 in Ireland. Since
1880 he has been pastor of a church in
Brooklyn, Cal. His publications include
The Fables of Infidelity and the Facts
of Faith; The American Sabbath; The
Sabbath, Scientific, American, and Chris
tian; Christianity the only Republican
Religion; Christ's Testimony to the
Scriptures; and Egypt's Place in History.
PATTERSON, ROBERT MASKELL,
educator, was born March 23, 1787, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was elected profes
sor of natural philosophy and chemistry
in the university of Philadelphia; profes
sor in the university of Virginia from
1828 to 1835; and director of the United
States mint, Philadelphia, from 1835 to
1853. He died Sept. 5, 1854, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
PATTERSON, ROBERT MAYNE, cler
gyman, author, was born July 17, 1832, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a presbyterian
clergyman of Philadelphia; and the au
thor of History of Presbyterianism in
Philadelphia; Paradise; Visions of
Heaven; Elijah the Favored Man; and
History of the Synod of Pennsylvania.
PATTERSON, THOMAS, congressman,
was born in Lancaster county, Pa. He
was a representative in congress from that
state from 1817 to 1825.
PATTERSON, THOMAS H., naval of
ficer, was born in May, 1820, in New Or
leans, La. He was commissioned captain
in 1866, commodore in 1871, commanded
the navy-yard at Washington, D. C., was
president of the naval board of examin
ers in 1876-77, and in the latter year be
came rear-admiral. He was retired in
1883. He died April 10, 1890, in Chicago,
111.
PATTERSON, THOMAS J., congress
man, was born in New York. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1845.
PATTERSON, THOMAS M., lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 4, 1840, in
Ireland. In 1874 he was appointed attor
ney for the city of Denver, Colo. He was
elected a delegate from Colorado to the
forty-fourth congress; and upon the ad
mission of Colorado as a state in 1876
was elected a representative from that
state to the forty-fifth congress as a dem
ocrat.
PATTERSON, WALTER, state legislat
or, congressman, was born in Columbia
county, N. Y. He was a member of the
assembly of New York in 1818 from Col
umbia county; and a representative in
congress from 1821 to 1823.
PATTERSON, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Maryland. He settled in
Ohio; and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1833 to
1838.
PATTERSON, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born June 4, 1789, in Londonderry, N.
H. He was elected a representative in
congress from New York from 1837 to
1839. He died Aug. 14, 1838, in Warsaw,
N. Y.
PATTI, ADELINA, vocalist, was born
Feb. 19, 1843, in Spain. At the age of nine
years Adele made a tour with Strakosch
and Ole Bull, singing popular opera music.
She has since attained a reputation as the
foremost vocalist of the time.
PATTI, CARLOTTA, vocalist, was born
in 1840 in Florence, Italy. She is a
sister of Adelina Patti; ana first made
her appearance in concert in New York
city. She has become very popular in the
United States and has filled engagements
in the principal cities.
PATTISON, EVERETT W., soldier, law
yer, author, was born Feb. 22, 1839, in
Waterville, Maine. He is one of the fore
most lawyers of the west at St. Louis,
Mo.; and the author of Missouri Digest;
and numerous articles in law periodicals.
PATTISON, GRANVILLE SHARP,
anatomist, author, was born in 1791 in
Scotland. He is a professor of anatomy
in the university of Pennsylvania; and is
the author of a work entitled Anatomical
Atlas. He died Nov. 12, 1851, in New
York city.
PATTISON, JOHN M., soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born June
13, 1847, in Clermont county, Ohio. He
•was elected to the Ohio state legislature
from Hamilton county in 1873; and was
attorney for the committee of safety of
Cincinnati in 1874-76. He was elected
vice-president and manager of the Union
Central Life Insurance company of Cin
cinnati in 1881 and president in 1891. He
was elected state senator to fill a vacancy
in 1890; and was elected to the fifty-sec
ond congress as a democrat.
PATTISON, ROBERT EMORY, lawyer,
governor, was born Dec. 8, 1850, in Quanti-
co, Md. In 1882 he was elected governor
of Pennsylvania for the term of four years
from January, 1883.
PATTISON, ROBERT EVERETT, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born Aug.
9, 1800, in Benson, Vt. He was successive
ly a professor in Newton Theological sem
inary, in Shurtleff college, and in the
Union Baptist Theological seminary, Chi
cago. He was the author of a Comment
ary on the Epistle to the Ephesians. He
died in 1874 in St. Louis, Mo.
PATTISON, T. HARWOOD, clergyman,
educator, lecturer, author, was born Dec.
14, 1838, in Launceston, Cornwall, Eng
land. After graduating he took part in
the political liberal movement in the
north of England, and published his work
entitled Present Day Lectures. In 1874
he traveled in the United States, and ac
cepted a call to the First Baptist church
of New Haven, Conn.; and thence was
called to the Emmanuel church of Albany,
N. Y. In 1881 he accepted the chair of
homiletics and pastoral theology in the
Rochester Theological seminary; and in
1895 published The History of the En
glish Bible; which was followed by other
works.
PATTON, ALFRED SPENCER, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 12, 1825, in
England. In 1864 he was invited to Utica,
N. Y., and there built the Tabernacle
Baptist church. In 1872 he purchased the
American Baptist, an anti-slavery journal,
in New York city, changing its name to
The Baptist Weekly. He wrote Light in
the Valley; My Joy and Crown; Kincaid,
the Hero Missionary; The Losing and
Taking of Mansoul, or Lectures on the
Holy War; and Live for Jesus. He died
Jan. 12, 1888, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
PATTON, DAVID H., soldier, physician,
congressman, was born Nov. 26, 1837, in
Fleming county, Ky. He was elected from
Indiana to the fifty-second congress as a
democrat.
724
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PATTON, FRANCIS LANDEY, cler
gyman, educator, college president, au
thor, was born Jan. 22, 1843, in Bermuda.
In 1888 he became president of Princeton
college. He is the author of Inspiration
of the Scriptures; and Summary of Chris
tian Doctrine.
PATTON, JACOB HARRIS, author, was
born in 1812 in Pennsylvania. He is an
historical writer of New York city; and
the author of Concise History of the
American People; Yorktown, 1781-1881;
The Democratic Party: Its History and
Influence; Brief History of the Presby
terian Church in the United States; Na
tural Resources of the I'nited States; Po
litical Economy for American Youth;
Four Hundred Years of American His
tory; and Political Parties in the United
States.
PATTON, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
was born in 1746 in Kent county, Del. He
was a delegate to the continental congress
from 1785 to 1786; and was a representa
tive in congress from Delaware from 1793
to 1794. He died in June, 1801.
PATTON, JOHN, banker, congressman,
was born Jan. 6, 1823, in Covington, Pa.
He was elected a representative from that
state to the thirty-seventh congress; and
was re-elected to the fiftieth congress.
PATTON, JOHN, lawyer, legislator, was
born Oct. 30, 1850, in Curmersville, Pa.
He graduated from Yale college in 1875;
and from the Colum
bia Law school in
1887. The following
year he moved to
Grand Rapids, Mich.,
where he is one of
the leading lawyers
of that state. On
May 5, 1894, he was
appointed United
States senator from
Michigan, upon the
death of Senator
Stockbridge; and
served until the election of a successor.
PATTON, JOHN D., merchant, con
gressman, was born Nov. 28, 1829, in Indi
ana, Pa. He was elected a representa
tive from Pennsylvania to the forty-
eighth congress.
PATTON, JOHN MERCER, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born in 1796 in
Virginia. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1830 to
1838. He was for some years, and at the
time of his death, judge of the court of
appeals. He died Oct. 20, 1858, in Rich
mond, Va.
PATTON, R. M., governor. He was
elected governor of Alabama, and re
mained in the office until 1868.
PATTON, THOMAS DUNCAN, journal
ist, lawyer, legislator, was born Feb. 24,
1865, in Ripley, Miss. For many years he
was the editor of the Arkansian, and is
now a prominent lawyer of Cotton Plant,
Ark. In 1895 and in 1897 he served as a
member of the Arkansas state legislature.
PATTON, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 23, 1798, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a presbyterian clergy
man of New York city, founder of the
Union Theological seminary; and the
author of The Laws of Fermentation and
the Wines of the Ancients; The Judg
ment of Jerusalem Predicted in Scripture;
Jesus of Nazareth; and Bible Principles
and Bible Characters. He died Sept. 9,
1879. in New Haven, Conn.
PATTON, WILLIAM WESTON, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 19, 1821, in
New York city. He was a congregational
clergyman in New York city, and presi
dent of Howard university from 1877. He
was the author of Spiritual Victory; Pray
er and Its Remarkable Answers; The
Young Man's Friend; Conscience and
Law; and Slavery and Infidelity. He died
Dec. 31, 1889, in Westfield, N. J.
PAUL, AUGUSTUS CHOUTEAU, sol
dier, was born April 16, 1842, in Albany,
N. Y. He was brevetted major for gal
lantry in the Wilderness, and lieutenant-
colonel for meritorious conduct at Spott-
sylvania court house.
PAUL, HENRY MARTYN, astronomer,
educator, was born June 25, 1861, in Hyde
Park, Mass. During 1880-83 he was pro
fessor of astronomy in the university of
Tokio, Japan, after which he returned to
his post in Washington. He is the au
thor of astronomical monographs that
have been published as appendices to the
annual volumes of the Observations of the
United States naval observatory.
PAUL, HOWARD, actor, author, was
born Nov. 16, 1835, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was the author of a serial entitled
Dashes of American Humor, which at
tained popularity both in England and the
United States. He next published a suc
cessful drama entitled A Mob Cap. His
other principal works are: The Young
Chemist; Pastimes of Youth; and The
Book of American Songs, with notes bio
graphical and critical.
PAUL, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, jurist,
was born June 30, 1839, in Rockingham
county, Va. He was elected state senator
in 1877, and re-elected in 1879; and was
elected a representative from Virginia to
the forty-seventh and forty-eighth con
gresses. In 1883 he was appointed United
States district judge for the western dis
trict of Virginia.
PAULDING, HIRAM, naval officer, was
born Dec. 11, 1797, in New York city. In
1811 he entered the navy as a midship
man; was promoted to commander in
1837; in 1844 became captain; and was
promoted rear-admiral on the retired list
in 1862. He died Oct. 20, 1878, in Hunting-
ton, N. Y.
PAULDING, JAMES KIRKE, author,
was born Aug. 22, 1779, in Mount Pleas
ant, N. Y. He was a versatile and once
popular writer of New York city, the
friend of Irving, and co-author with him
of The Salmagundi Papers in 1807. He
was secretary of the navy in 1837-41. His
various writings include: The Diverting
History of John Bull and Brother Jona
than, his most successful work; Salma
gundi, a second series, 1819; Konings-
marke, the Long Finne, a novel; John
Bull in America; The Dutchman's Fire
side; Lay of the Scottish Fiddle, a tra
vesty of the Lay of the Last Minstrel;
Westward Ho; Merry Tales of the Three
Wise Men of Gotham; The Puritan and
His Daughter; The New Mirror for Tra
velers; The Backwoodsman, a poem; The
Bucktails, a Comedy; Letters from the
South; Life of George Washington; and
Slavery in America, a spirited defence of
tnat institution.
PAUL1JING, JOHN, patriot, was born
in 1758 in New York city. He was one of
the three captors of Andrg, and received
from congress a silver medal and an an
nuity of two hundred dollars. In 1827 a
marble monument was erected to his
memory in the churchyard near Peekskill,
by the corporation of New York. He
died Feb. 18, 1818, in Staatsburg, N. Y.
PAULDING, TATTNALL, soldier, busi
ness man, was born July 5, '1840, in Hunt-
ington, N. Y. During the war he served
in the sixth regiment United States cav
alry as captain, and was brevetted lieu
tenant-colonel. He is president of the
Delaware Insurance company of Phila
delphia, Pa., and prominent in the public
and business affairs of that city.
PAULDING, WILLIAM, JR., lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1769 in Tarry-
town, N. Y. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1811 to 1813.
He died Feb. 11, 1854, in Tarrytown, N. Y.
PAULUS, CHRISTOPHER, accountant,
state legislator, was born April 17, 1852,
in Milwaukee, Wis. For four years he
_ was clerk of the cir
cuit and county
courts of Milwaukee
county, and during
„ — ' ^B 1890-94 was a mem
ber and secretary of
the board of trustees
of the Asylum for
the Chronic Insane
of Milwaukee county.
In 1895 and 1896 he
served with distinc
tion as a member of
the Wisconsin state
assembly; and took an active part in pass
ing several bills of importance to the
welfare of his state.
PAWLING, LEV1, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1817 to 1819.
PAXSON, EDWARD M., journalist,
lawyer, jurist, was born Sept. 3, 1824, in
Buckingham, Pa. He learned the printing
business, and in 1842
founded the New-
town Journal; and in
1847 moved to Phil
adelphia, where he
established the Daily
>, i News. He subse-
B quently turned his
attention to the
study of law, and
was admitted to the
bar in 1850. In 1869
he was appointed
judge of the court of
common picas in the city of Philadelphia;
and the following year was elected to
the office. In 1874 he was elected justice
of the supreme court of Pennsylvania,
and subsequently chief justice. He ed
ited Brown's Collection of Laws, and is
the author of Memoirs of the Johnson
Family.
t-A^SON, WILLIAM ALPHA, lawyer,
author, poet, was born July 6, 1850, in
Greene county, Ohio. In 1875 he gradu
ated from the Cincinnati Law school, and
now practices law in Jamestown. Ohio.
For years he has been a writer for vari
ous periodicals, and has received prizes
for several essays. He is the author of a
work of fiction entitled A Buckeye Baron;
and a volume of poetical works.
PAXTON, JAMES W., was born in 1821
in Virginia. In I860 he was made presi
dent of the Northwestern bank of Vir
ginia, in Wheeling,
t and converted it
\ later into the present
• National bank of
" jr±^ £' l West Virginia. A
\ handsome public
f fountain which
y stands in front of
I the city building in
2. • \jfr 5 Wheeling, the gift of
Mr. Paxton in 1858,
is only one of the
many quiet and gen
erous acts which
have denoted his public spirit, lib
erality and interest in the city's wel
fare. He was a member and was chair
man of the committee on finance and
taxation and one of the commissioners,
appointed by the convention, to present
the document for approval by congress
and ask for the admission of West Vir
ginia as an independent state into the
Union.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
725
PAXTON, JOHN R., soldier, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 18, 1843, in Canons-
burg, Pa. He was pastor of the New York
avenue presbyterian church in Washing
ton, D. C., from 1878 till 1882, when he
became pastor of the Forty-second street
presbyterian church in New York city.
In 1887 he became chaplain of the sev
enth regiment of New York. He has pub
lished several addresses and sermons.
PAXTON, WILLIAM M., lawyer, gene
alogist, poet, was born March 2, 1819, in
Washington, Ky. In 1835 he entered Cen
tre college, Ken
tucky, and remained
four years. After
studying law, he set
tled at Platte City,
Mo., which is still
his home. In 1874,
in the midst of a
successful practice,
M-^ he became hard of
I hearing, and had to
I retire from the bar.
^^|J| From this time he
gave his attention to
poesy. In 1880 he issued a small volume
of poetry, entitled A Century Hence, and
Other Poems. In 1887 he published a
volume of four hundred and fifty-four
pages entitled Poems. He has since pub
lished in pamphlet form, A Story of the
Flood; and The Vision of Narva, a Legend
of Parkville.
PAXTON, WILLIAM MILLER, edu
cator, clergyman, was born June 7, 1824,
in Adams county, Pa. In 1843 he gradu
ated from the Penn
sylvania college, and
from the Princeton
Theological semi-
( nary in 1848, and has
•i received the degrees
I of D. D. and LL. D.
i He filled pastor-
I ates in Greencastle
A ^fc* I and Pittsburg, Pa.;
I was professor of sac-
•^^^ I red rhetoric in the
I^K^ iSBm Western Theological
seminary during
L8t>0-6o; was pastor of the First Presby
terian church of New York city, during
1866-83; and for several years was a lec
turer in the Union Theological seminary.
Since 1883 he has been professor of eccle
siastical, homiletical and pastoral theology
in the Princeton Theological seminary. In
380 he was moderator of the genera'l as
sembly of the presbyterian church of the
United States; since 1866 has been a mem
ber of the board of foreign missions, and
president of the board in 1881-83; and
since 1867 has been a trustee of the Prince
ton college.
PAYMENT, RICHARD C., dentist, pub
lic official, was born June 10, 1841, in De
troit, Mich. He received a liberal educa-
^^^^^^^^^^^^ tion, and is one of
the foremost dentists
of Detroit, Mich.
During 1873-75 he
was postmaster at
Sault Ste. Marie,
Mich.; and has filled
various public posi
tions of honor. He
W^ has been a delegate
^^^^^^ to various dental
' ^B I congresses. stands
HB -^H^H nj£n in nis profes
sion and contributes
valuable articles to current publications.
PAYNE, CHARLES HENRY, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 24, 1830, in
Taunton, Mass. He is a methodist cler
gyman and educator, president of Ohio
Wesleyan university in 1876-88, and the
author of The Social Giass and Christian
Obligation; Daniel, the Uncompromising
Young Man; Guides and Guards in Char
acter-Building; Methodism, Its History
and Results; Temperance; and Women
and Their Work in Methodism.
PAYNE, CHARLES S., merchant, theol-
ogist. He has been engaged chiefly in
mercantile, manufacturing and general
business; and has given all his spare time
to the study of theological subjects. One
of his best lectures, which has been de
livered in some of the largest cities in
the Union, is entitled Creation and Fall
of Man. His theories portend to reform in
theology; and has published a work on
that subject.
PAYNP:, DANIEL ALEXANDER, bish
op, author, was born Feb. 24, 1811, in
Charleston, S. C. He is a methodist bish
op of African descent, president of Wil-
berforce university in 1865-76, and the
author of Domestic Education; History of
the African Methodist Church; and Recol
lections of Men and Things.
PAYNE, EDWARD DUGGAN, surgeon,
author, was born July 2, 1836, in Reading,
Pa. He was appointed assistant surgeon
in the United States navy in 1861. He be
came past assistant surgeon in 1865,
surgeon in 1871, and was retired in 1876
on account of the failure of his health.
He has published reports of cases in Con
tributions to Medical Science in the Unit
ed States Navy Department; Medical Es
says; and United States Naval Sanitary
and Medical Reports.
PAYNE, ELWOOD MILTON, educator,
lawyer, was born Nov. 7, 1869, in Penns-
ville, Ohio. He has taught school in Ohio,
Montana and Idaho, and subsequently
graduated in law from the Northern In
diana Law school. After practicing a
while in Arkansas, he moved to Chickasha,
I. T., where he has attained prominence
as an able lawyer.
PAYNE, HENRY B., lawyer, manufac
turer, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Nov. 30, 1810, in Madison
county, N. Y. He was a presidential elect
or in 1848; was elected a state senator in
1849 and 1850, and was, for several years,
a member of the Cleveland city council.
He was president of the Columbus Rail
road company. In 1874 he was elected a
representative from Ohio to the forty-
fourth congress. In 1884 he was elected
a United States senator from Ohio for six
years from 1885.
PAYNE, HENRY C., railroad president,
was born Nov. 23, 1843, in Ashfield, Mass.
Since 1894 he has been president of the
Chicago and Northern Pacific, and the
Chicago and Calumet Terminal railways.
PAYNE, JOHN, protestant episcopal
bishop, was born Jan. 9, 1815, in West
moreland county, Va. After a long and
arduous service of nearly twenty years on
the coast of western Africa, Bishop Payne
returned to the United States in 1871.
completely broken in health and strength.
He died Oct. 23, 1874, in Westmoreland
county, Va.
PAYNE, JOHN HOWARD, dramatist,
actor, was born June 9, 1792, in New York
city. He was a dramatist and actor of
New York city in whose drama of Clari,
the Maid of Milan, occurs the famous lyric,
Home, Sweet Home, his chief claim to re
membrance. From 1841 till his death he
was United States consul at Tunis, his
remains being removed from there to
Washington in 1883. His best plays in
clude, Brutus; Virginius; and Charles II.
He died in 1852 in Tunis, Africa.
PAYNE, PERRY W., lawyer, jurist, was
born Feb. 11, 1833, in Allegheny county,
N. Y. He has attained prominence as a
lawyer of ability in Cleveland, Ohio, in
which city he has been a justice of the
peace and a member of the board of edu
cation.
PAYNE, SERENO E., lawyer, congress
man, was born June 26, 1843, in Hamil
ton, N. Y. During 1868-71 he was city
clerk of Auburn, N. Y.; supervisor in 1871-
72; district attorney of his county during
1873-79; and during 1879-82 was president
of the board of education. He was elected
to the forty-eighth congress as a repub
lican; and received the re-election to the
forty-ninth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-
third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congres
ses.
PAYNE, WILLIAM HAROLD, educator,
college president, author, was born May
12, 1836, in Farmington, N. Y. For twen
ty-five years he was
superintendent o £
schools in Michigan;
professor of science
and art of teaching
in the university of
Michigan for eight
years; and since 1887
has been chancellor
of the university of
Nashville, and presi
dent of the Peabody
Normal college of
Nashville, Tenn. He
is the author of School Supervision; Out
lines of Educational Doctrine; Contribu
tions to the Science of Education; and
Lectures on Pedagogy.
PAYNE, WILLIAM MORTON, educa
tor, critic, author, was born in 1858 in
Massachusetts. He is an educator and lit
erary critic of Chicago, and professor of
physical science in the high school. He
is the author of Our New Education; and
Little Leaders.
PAYNE, WILLIAM RILEY, educator,
financier, was born Sept. 24, 1862, in Three
Rivers, Mich. He received his education
at the university of
Michigan, and is now
secretary and treasu
rer of the university
of Nashville, and the
Peabody Normal col
lege. He is also sec
retary of the board
of education of Nash
ville, Tenn., and has
filled various other
public positions of
trust. He is an au
thority on education
al matters; and the author of valuable
papers on that subject.
PAYNE, WILLIAM WALLACE, edu
cator, journalist, author, was born May
19, 1837, in Somerset, Mich. He was
professor of mathematics and astronomy
at Carleton college and director of its
observatory. He is director of the Min
nesota state weather service. In 1867 he
projected The Minnesota Teacher and
Journal of Education, which .he contin
ued for six years, and in 1882 he estab
lished The Sidereal Messenger, which he
still edits.
PAYNE, WINTER W., agriculturist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Jan. 2, 1807, in Fauquier county, Va. He
was elected to the Alabama legislature in
1831, and with the exception of one year,
served in that capacity until 1840. He
was a representative in congress from
Alabama from 1841 to 1847.
726
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PAYNTER, LEMUEL, congressman,
was born in Delaware. He was elected a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1837 to 1841.
PAYNTER, SAMUEL, governor. He
was elected governor of Delaware in 1824,
and remained in office three years.
PAYNTER, THOMAS H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 9, 1851, in Lewis
county, Ky. He was appointed attorney
for Greenup county, Ky., in 1876, and
held that office, under appointment, until
1878, at which time he was elected to the
same office, which he held until 1882.
He was elected to the fifty-first congress,
and re-elected to the fifty-second congress
as a democrat.
PAYSON, EDWARD, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 25, 1783, in Rindge, N. H.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Portland, Maine, whose three volumes of
Sermons were for a long time widely pop
ular in the religious world. He died Oct.
22, 1827, in Portland, Maine.
PAYSON, EDWARD, author, was born
in 1814. He was a writer of Deering,
Maine, and the author of The Law of
Equivalents in Its Relations to Political
and Social Ethics; Doctor Tom; and The
Maine Law in the Balance. He died in
1890.
PAYSON, LEWIS E., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 17, 1840, in
Providence, R. I. He moved to Pontiac,
111., in 1865, and was judge of the county
court from 1869 to 1873. He was elected a
representative from Illinois to the forty-
seventh congress, and re-elected to the
forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth and fif
ty-first congresses as a republican.
PAYSON, PHILLIPS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Jan. 18, 1736, in Walpole,
Mass. From 1757 until his death he was
pastor of the congregational church in
Chelsea, Mass. He published tracts on
astronomy and natural philosophy in the
Transactions of the American Academy
of Arts and Sciences; and several sermons,
the best known of which is that on the
Battle of Lexington; and on the Death of
Washington. He died Jan. 11, 1801, in
Chelsea, Mass.
PAYSON, SETH, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 29, 1758, in Walpole, Mass.
From 1782 until his death he was pastor
of the congregational church in Rindge,
N. H. He published numerous sermons,
and a work against secret societies, entit
led Proofs of the Existence and Danger
ous Tendencies of Modern Illuminism. He
died Feb. 26, 1820, in Rindge, N. H.
PEABODY, ANDREW PRESTON, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born March
19, 1811, in Beverly, Mass. He was a uni-
tarian clergyman of eminence, pastor of
a church at Portsmouth, N. H., in 1833-60,
and Plummer professor of Christian mor
als at Harvard university in 1860-81. He
was the author of Sermons of Consolation;
Lectures on Christian Doctrine; Chris
tianity the Fruit of Nature; Moral Phil
osophy; Faults and Graces of Conversa
tion; Sermons for Children; Christianity
and Science; King's Chapel Sermons;
Reminiscences of European Travel; Chris
tian Belief and Life; Baccalaureate Ser
mons; Building a Character; Harvard
Graduates Whom I Have Known; Har
vard Reminiscences; and translations of
the ethical writings of Cicero and Plu
tarch's Delay of Divine Justice. He died
in 1893.
PEABODY, CHARLES AUGUSTUS,
lawyer, jurist, was born July 10, 1814, in
Sandwich, N. H. He has twice been judge
of the supreme court of New York, and
also has been judge of the United States
provisional court of Louisiana, and chief
justice of the supreme court of the state
of Louisiana. Nearly the whole of his
professional life has been spent in New
York city, with the exception of the few
years, during the war, when he was pre
siding over the courts above mentioned in
the south.
PEABODY, ELIZABETH PALMER, ed
ucator, author, was born May 16, 1804, in
Billerica, Mass. She was a noted educator
of Boston, and very active in awakening
American interest in the kindergarten sys
tem, and in her early life associated in
teaching with A. B. Alcott, as related in
her Record of a School. Her other works
include: Chronological History of the Uni
ted States; Kindergarten Guide; ^Esthetic
Papers; Letters to Kindergarteners; First
Steps to History; Reminiscences of Dr.
Channing; and Last Evening with Allston,
and Other Papers. She died Jan. 4, 1894,
in Jamaica Plains, Mass.
PEABODY, EPHRAIM, clergyman, au
thor, was born March 22, 1807, in Wilton,
N. H. He was pastor of King's chapel of
Boston in 1846-56; originator of Boston
Provident society; and was the author of
sermons and Christian Days and
Thoughts. He died Nov. 28, 1856, in Bos
ton, Mass.
PEABODY, GEORGE, banker, philan
thropist, was born Feb. 18, 1795, in Dan-
vers, Mass. He is said to have given more
_____^___ than $2,000,000 to
the founding of col
leges, schools and
scientific institu
tions, and $300,000
for the benefit of the
working classes of
London. He estab-
l lished Yale college of
• New Haven, Conn.;
| assisted Peabody Mu-
' seum of Natural His
tory, and the Pea-
body museum and
American archaeology
and ethnology in connection with the Har
vard university, by a donation of $150,000
for each. He died Nov. 4, 1869, in London,
England.
PEABODY, JAMES H., merchant, bank
er, was born Aug. 21, 1852, in Orange
county, Vt. In 1871 lie moved to Pueblo,
Colo., where lie \v;is
employed in a dry-
goods store; and
afterward moved to
Denver, thence to
Canon City, where in
1875 he took charge
of the management
of the store of James
Clelland, the leading
^^Hj^^ merchant of that
I city. He subsequent-
HBH 'y became a partner,
and in 1881 pur
chased the entire business. In 1885 he
was elected county clerk; is prominent in
municipal affairs, and president of the
First National bank, of which he was
one of the organizers.
PEABODY, OLIVER WILLIAM
BOURNE, clergyman, lawyer, author, was
born July 9, 1799, in Exeter, N. H. He
was a lawyer and journalist of Boston,
subsequently a Unitarian clergyman and
pastor of a church in Burlington, Vt., in
1845-48. He published Lives of Generals
Sullivan and Putnam, in Sparks's Ameri
can Biography; and an edition of Shakes
peare with Life and Notes. He died July
5, 1848, in Burlington, Vt.
professorship of
PEABODY, PHILIP GLENDOwKR,
lawyer, was born Feb. 22, 1857, in New
York city, and is a son of Charles A. Pea-
body, an eminent jurist. He graduated
from Columbia college in 1877; in 1880
from the Columbia Law school, and was
admitted to the New York bar. In 1885
he moved to Boston, where he has been
president of the New England Anti-Vivi
section society for many years. He is.
also president of the National Con
stitutional Liberty league; president of
the National Scientific Family Culture
institute; vice-president of the Massachu
setts society for Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals; and vice-president of the Illi
nois Anti- Vivisection society. He has re
ceived the degrees of A. B., A. M., LL. B.
and M. D. He is an extensive traveler and
has visited nearly all the countries of Eu
rope. He has one of the largest private
libraries in Boston, numbering about ten
thousand volumes, for which he has erect
ed a suitable library building.
PEABODY, SELIM HOBART, educator,
scientist, author, was born Aug. 20, 1829,
in Rockingham, Vt. He has been presi
dent of the university of Illinois; presi
dent of the Chicago Academy of Sciences;
president of State Teachers' associations
of Wisconsin and Illinois; president of
the National Council of Education; and
in 1893 he was chief of the department of
liberal arts. World's Columbian exposi
tion. He is the author of works on
natural history, arithmetic, astronomy;
compiler of American Patriotism, and first
editor-in-chief of the International Ency
clopedia.
PEABODY, THOMAS HAZARD, lawyer,
journalist, was born Sept. 23, 1839, in.
North Stonington, Conn. In 1888 he be
gan the publication of the Westerly Daily
Tribune, R. I., the first prohibition daily
newspaper in the world, and he still re
mains the editor and owner. He has been
a member of the general assembly of
Rhode Island, and has been the prohibi
tion candidate for governor and for con
gressman several times.
PEABODY, WILLIAM BOURNE OLI
VER, clergyman, author, poet, was born
in 1799 in New Hampshire. He was a
Unitarian clergyman, pastor of a church
in Springfield, Mass., in 1820-47. He was
the author of Lives of A. Wilson, Cotton
Mather, Brainerd, and Oglethorpe, in
Sparke's American Biography; and Re
port on Birds of the Commonwealth. As
a poet he is best represented by such
poems as Monadnock; Hymn of Nature;
and Winter Night. He died May 28, 1847,
in Springfield, Mass.
PEACOCK, DRED, educator, college
president, was born April 12, 1864, in
Stantonsburg, N. C. In 1887 he graduated
as valedictorian from Trinity college,
North Carolina, receiving the degrees of A.
B. and A. M. In 1887-88 he was principal of
the Lexington Female seminary; was
professor of Latin and science in the
Greensboro Female college in 1888-94, and
since 1894 has been president of that in
stitution.
PEACOCK, THOMAS BROWER, poet,
was born April 16, 1852, in Cambridge,
Ohio. For ten years he was associate edi
tor of the Kansas Democrat of Topeka.
He is the author of The Vendetta and
Other Poems; The Rhyme of the Border
War; Poems of the Plains and Songs of
the Solitudes, and other works. During
the World's Columbian exposition he
read his famous Columbian Ode before
the public press congress, which was
highly praised. As a lecturer he has at
tained phenomenal success.
HERRTNGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
727
PEAKE, EBENEZER STEELE, clergy
man, missionary, was born Jan. 15, 1830,
in Andes, N. Y. He received his educa
tion at the Academy
of Kingsborough,
and subsequently at
tended the Academy
of Delhi, N. Y. In
1848 he was princi
pal of a classical
parish school at Co-
hoes, N. Y., and the
following year en
tered the Theological
seminary of the
episcopal church at
Nashotah, Wis. In
1852 he was ordained, and immediately
elected tutor at Nashotah, holding that
position for the next three years. At the
wish of Bishop Kemper he moved to Wis
consin, and in 1856 became an associate
of the Rev. Dr. Breck in the mission to
the Chippewa Indians. With his wife he
spent six years among the Indians at the
mission of Gull Lake and Crow Wing.
Next he was chaplain of the twenty-
eighth regiment, Wisconsin volunteer in
fantry, going with them to the field in
the southwest, and remaining to the end
of the war. He returned to Minnesota,
but accepted the rectorship of the Trinity
church of San Jose, Gal.; and four years
later of St. Luke's church, of San Fran
cisco, spending twelve years in Califor
nia. In 1878 he returned to Minnesota,
and engaged in missionary work along
the Northern Pacific railroad, so continu
ing until 1889, when he accepted the chap
laincy of St. Mary's Hall, of Faribault,
Minn., the famous school for girls.
PEAKE, THOMAS DE WITT, educator,
clergyman, author, was born March 19,
1843, in Princeton, Ohio. He received his
education in the public schools and gradu
ated from Hartsville university. For
many years he was a successful teacher;
was educated for the law, and is now one
of the foremost clergymen of the metho-
dist episcopal church in Wisconsin at
Beloit. He is also an orator of unusual
power, and a noted theologian. He is
the author of Sanctification; The Sym
bolism of Solomon's Temple; Methodism
and the Children; The Intermediate State;
and other works. He is a prominent
Mason, and owns the largest private
library in the state of Wisconsin.
PEAKES, EMILY W., educator, poet,
was born Dec. 1, 1847, in Harmony, Maine.
She is a teacher of literature in the high
school of Terre Haute, Ind., and is the
author of a number of poems.
PEALE, ANNA CLAYPOOLE, artist,
was born March 6, 1791, in Philadelphia,
Pa. She devoted herself at first to still-
life subjects, but afterward followed min
iature-painting. She executed miniatures
of Gen. Lallemand, James Monroe, An
drew Jackson, and Com. William Bain-
bridge. She died Dec. 25, 1878, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
PEALE, CHARLES WILSON, artist, in
ventor, author, was born April 16, 1741, in
Chestertown, Md. He was an artist, in
ventor, and miscellaneous writer of Phil
adelphia, among whose works are, On
Building Wooden Bridges; Domestic Hap
piness; and Economy in Fuel. He died
Feb. 22, 1827, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PEALE, JAMES, soldier, artist, was
born in 1749, in Annapolis, Md. He turned
his attention principally to portrait-paint
ing, executing many miniatures and port
raits in oil, including a full-length port
rait of Washington, which has been en
graved. One of his portraits of Washing
ton is in the New York Historical society;
the other, painted in 1795, in Independence
hall, Philadelphia. He died May 24, 1831,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
PEALE, JAMES, artist, was born March
6, 1779, in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1813 he
exhibited, at the Columbia society of Ar
tists, a view of High street bridge. His
other works include a painting of an en
gagement between the privateer schooner
Cornet, of Baltimore, and a Portuguese
sloop-of-war; View of German town; View
of Water-Gap and Breaking Away of a
Storm; and Fairmount Water-Works. He
died Oct. 27, 1876, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PEALE, RAPHAELLE, artist, was born
Feb. 17, 1774, in Annapolis, Md. He began
painting portraits in 1804, but paid also
much attention to the painting of still-
life subjects, in which branch of art he
was very successful. He died March 25,
1825, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PEALE, REMBRANDT, artist, author,
was born Feb. 22, 1788, in Bucks county,
Pa. He was an artist of Philadelphia
and the author of Notes on Italy; Port
folio of an Artist; and Graphics. He died
Oct. 3, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PEALE, SARAH M., artist, was born
May 19, 1800, in Philadelphia. She exe
cuted portraits of Com. William Bain-
bridge, Henry A. Wise, Caleb Cushing,
Dixon H. Lewis, and other public men.
Lafayette accorded her four sittings in
1825. She died Feb. 4, 1885, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
PEALE, TITIAN RAMSEY, artist, au
thor, was born in 1800 in Philadelphia.
From 1849 till 1872 he was an examiner
in the patent-office at Washington. He
was the author of Mammalia and Ornith
ology. He died March 13, 1885, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
PEALER, RUSSELL R., lawyer, state
legislator, jurist, was born Jan. 1, 1842, in
Greenwood, Pa. Since 1867 he has prac
ticed law in Three Rivers, Mich. He has
been prosecuting attorney; circuit court
commissioner; member of the state legis
lature, and in 1881 was elected judge of
the fifteenth circuit.
PEARCE, CHARLES EDWARD, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born in
Whitesboro, N. Y. He settled in St. Louis
in 1866, where he was admitted to the bar,
and began the practice of law in 1867. In
1891 he was appointed chairman Sioux
Indian commission; and in 1894 went to
India and Japan to investigate the indus
tries of the Orient. In 1896 he was elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
PEARCE, CHARLES SPRAGUE, artist,
was born Oct. 13, 1831, in Boston, Mass.
His best known works are, Death of the
First-Born of Egypt; Pet of the Harem;
and Decapitation of John the Baptist, of
which the latter received honorable men
tion at the salon, a prize at the Philadel
phia academy, and a medal in Boston.
PEARCE, CROMWELL, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Aug. 13, 1772, in Willis-
town, Pa. He was a captain of militia in
1793-98. He resigned from the army in
1815, became sheriff of Chester county,
Pa., was a presidential elector in 1824;
and in 1825-39 was an associate justice of
the county court. He died April 2, 1852,
in Willistown, Pa.
PEARCE, DUTTEE JERAULD, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
April 10, 1789, on Prudence Island, R. I.
He was at one time attorney-general of
state, and United States district attorney
for his district. He was a representative
in congress from Rhode Island from 1825
to 1833, and again from 1835 to 1837. He
was a presidential elector in 1821; and
served in the legislature of Rhode Island.
He died May 9, 1849, in Newport, R. I.
PEARCE, EBENEZER, soldier, educa
tor, journalist, was born Oct. 6, 1839, in
Evansburgh, Pa. He is now the editor
and owner of The Republican, of White
Hall, 111.; and is prominent in public
affairs.
PEARCE, JAMES ALFRED, lawyer,
educator, legislator, congressman, United
States senator, was born Dec. 14, 1805, in
Alexandria, Va. He was a member of the
Maryland legislature in 1831. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1835 to 1839, and from 1841 to 1843.
He was a senator in congress from 1843 to
1862. He held the post of professor of law
in Washington college, of Chestertown,
and was a regent of the Smithsonian in
stitution. He was re-elected to the senate
for the term commencing March, 1863. He
died Dec. 20, 1862, in Chestertown, Md.
PEARCE, JOHN J., congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1855 to 1857. He died May 30, 1888, in
Harrisburg, Pa.
PEARLE, MARY, temperance advocate,
lecturer, poet, was born Nov. 23, 1849, in
Ireland. She received her education in
Dublin; and held many important posi
tions in different schools and missions in
the land of her nativity. In 1881 she came
to America, and seven years later was en
gaged in lecturing in Ohio on temperance
and social purity. She is corresponding
secretary and lecturer for the Woman's
Christian Temperance union; and secre
tary of the Peace by Arbitration society.
She is the author of a large number of
poems, some of which have appeared in
several standard collections.
PEARSE, JOHN BARNARD, chemist,
author, was born April 19, 1842, in Phil
adelphia. He was in charge of the chem
ical division of the United States army
laboratory in Philadelphia in 1863-65. He
has published A Concise History of the
Iron Manufacture of America.
PEARSON, ALBERT J., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born May 20,
1846, in Centreville, Ohio. He was prose
cuting attorney of Monroe county, Ohio,
for three successive terms; and a member
of the state senate for two years. He was
probate judge of Monroe county for six
years. He was elected to the Fifty-second
and re-elected to the fifty-third congress
as a democrat.
PEARSON, ALFRED L., soldier, author,
was born Dec. 28, 1838, in Pittsburg, Pa.
In 1888 he became commander of the Na
tional Union Veteran legion. He edited
the Sunday Critic in 1886-87, and is the
author of three plays.
PEARSON, JOHN, clergyman, lecturer,
reformer, was born Dec. 25, 1842, in Ire
land. He is an eminent clergyman of the
episcopal church, and since 1865 has filled
some of the most responsible pastorates
in the Cincinnati conference. He has
served full terms as presiding elder of
several districts with distinguished suc
cess, and was stationed in Cincinnati for
sixteen years. He was a delegate to the
general conference of 1892, and a reserve
delegate to the general conferences of
1888 and 1896. He is a member of a dozen
boards of trustees, and for many years
has been secretary of the board of trus
tees of the methodist episcopal church.
He was one of the founders of the meth
odist deaconess work, and the Christ hos
pital of Cincinnati. For seven years he
was president of the Law and Order league
and of the Municipal Reform league of
Cincinnati; and for over thirty years has
contributed valuable articles to current
publications.
728
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PEARSON, JONATHAN, genealogist,
educator, author, was born Feb. 23, 1813,
in Chichester, N. H. He is a genealogist
who was professor of chemistry and sub
sequently of botany at Union college from
1839. He is the author of Early Records
of the County of Albany; Genealogy of
the First Settlers of Albany; and Geneal
ogies of the First Settlers of Schenectady.
PEARSON, JOSEPH, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in Rowan
county, N. C. He served two years in
the state legislature, and was a repre
sentative in congress from North Carolina,
from 1809 to 1815. He died Oct. 27, 1834,
in Salisbury, N. C.
PEARSON, PETER HENRY, educator,
author, was born March 30, 1864, in Swe
den. He has been the traveling corres
pondent of several leading newspapers,
and is the author of a History of Sweden.
PEARSON, RICHARD MUMFORD, law
yer, jurist, was born June 28, 1805, in
Davie county, N. C. He was in the North
Carolina legislature in 1829-33, and an un
successful candidate for congress in 1834.
He was a judge of the superior court in
1836-48, and at the latter date he was el
evated to the supreme bench. He died
Jan. 12, 1878, in Winston, N. C.
PEARSON, RICHMOND, state legislat
or, congressman, was born Jan. 26, 1852,
in Richmond Hill, N. C. In 1874 he was
appointed United States consul at Ver-
viers and Liege, Belgium; was a member
of the North Carolina legislature in 1885
and again in 1887. He was one of the
originators of the coalition which over
whelmed the democratic party in North
Carolina in 1894. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as an independent
protectionist, and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican.
PEARSONS, DANIEL, KIMBALL, phil
anthropist, was born April 14, 1820, in
Bradford, Vt. Among his many gifts for
the advancement of Christianity, educa
tion and charity, have been $280,000 to
the Chicago Theological seminary; $200,-
000 to Beloit college; $50,000 each to Knox
college, Colorado college, Yankton col
lege, the Pacific university in Oregon,
Whitman college in Washington, and
Drury college in Missouri; $60,000 to a
hospital in Chicago; and $50,000 for the
relief of the suffering poor.
PEASE, ALFRED HUMPHREYS, mu
sician, composer, was born May 6, 1838, in
Cleveland, Ohio. He was a brilliant pian
ist and the author of a number of well
known compositions. He died July 12,
1882, in St. Louis, Mo.
PEASE, EDWARD M., lawyer, state
legislator, governor, was born in Connec
ticut. He was secretary of the general
council of the provincial government of
Texas in 1835-36; then became chief clerk
of the navy department, and afterward
chief clerk of the treasury department of
the Texas government. In 1836 he was
clerk of the judiciary committee of the
house of representatives of Texas. In
1837 he became comptroller of public ac
counts of Texas, and in 1846 was elected
a representative in the Texas legislature.
He was re-elected in 1848 and 1850, and in
1853 was elected governor of Texas, and
was re-elected in 1855. He was provision
al governor, by appointment, from 1867
to 1869. He died in 1883.
PEASE, GEORGE E. H., lawyer, state
senator, was born Oct. 31, 1833, in Nor
folk, Conn. In 1876 he was a member of
the Colorado state constitutional conven
tion; a state representative in 1885-87, and
in 1892 was elected to the state senate.
He died May 22, 1895.
PEASE, HENRY ROBERTS, soldier,
journalist, United States senator, was
born Feb. 19, 1835, in Connecticut. In
1865 he was appointed superintendent of
education for the state of Louisiana, while
under military rule, and was elected su
perintendent of education of the state in
1869. He edited and published the Missis
sippi Educational Journal, the first maga
zine ever devoted to popular education in
the south. He was elected to the United
States senate to fill a vacancy for the
term ending in 1875.
PEASE, JOSEPH IVES, engraver, was
born Aug. 9, 1809, in Norfolk, Va. His
plates are engraved in pure line, with
much taste and excellence of execution,
and are faithful renderings of the origi
nal paintings. His Tough Story, after
Mount; Mumble the Peg, after Inman;
and Young Traders, after Page, are choice
examples of his work. He died July 2,
1883, in Twin Lakes, Conn.
PEASE, PHINEAS, soldier, was born
April 16, 1826, in Somers, Conn. He
became lieutenant-colonel of the forty-
ninth Illinois infantry at the beginning of
the civil war, and in 1865 he received the
brevet of brigadier-general of volunteers.
In 1885 he became receiver and general
manager of the Cleveland and Marietta
railroad.
PEASE, THEODORE CLAUDIUS, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1853 in New
York. He was a congregational clergy
man of Maiden, Mass.. and the author of
The Christian Ministry. He died in 1893.
PEASELEE, EDMUND RANDOLPH,
physician, educator, author, was born Jan.
22, 1814, in Rockingham county, N. H. He
was a physician of New York city, medi
cal professor in several institutions, and
the author of Human Histology; and
Ovarian Tumors. He died Jan. 12, 1878,
in New York city.
PEASLEE, CHARLES H., public offi
cial, congressman, was born in February,
1804, in Gilmanton, N. H. He was a
state representative from 1833 to 1837,
and adjutant-general of New Hampshire
from 1839 to 1847. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1847 to 1853, and was collector of customs
at Boston from 1853 to 1857. He died
in October, 1866, in St. Paul, Minn.
PEATTIE, MRS. ELIA WILKINSON,
journalist, author, was born in 1862 in
Michigan. She is a journalist of Chicago,
and the author of The Judge, a novel;
A Trip Through Wonderland, a volume
of Alaska travel; With Scrip and Staff,
a story of the Children's Crusade; and A
Mountain Woman.
PECK. ASAHEL, governor, was born
in 1803 in Royalton, Mass. In 1874 he was
elected governor of Vermont, serving
until 1876.
PECK, CLARISSA C., philanthropist,
was born in 1797. She became well known
as a philanthropist of her time. She
died in 1884.
PECK, EBENEZER, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born May 22, 1805, in
Portland, Maine. In 1835 he emigrated to
Chicago, 111., and was several times elect
ed to the senate and house of representa
tives of that state. He was appointed
reporter of its decisions by the supreme
court of Illinois, which office he held for
more than thirteen years from 1850, and
until he was, in 1863, made one of the
judges of the court of claims in Washing
ton.
PECK. EDWARD JAMES, philanthro
pist, was born Oct. 16, 1806, near New
Haven, Conn. He left one hundred thou
sand dollars to Wabash college, Indiana.
He died Nov. 6, 1876, in Indianapolis, Ind.
PECK, ERASMUS D., physician, sur
geon, state legislator, congressman, was
born Sept. 16, 1808, in Connecticut. He
moved to Ohio in 1830, and was elected a
member of the Ohio legislature in 1856 and
1858. He was examining surgeon for the
army and for pensions. He was elected to
the forty-first congress to fill a vacancy;
and was re-elected to the forty-second
congress as a republican.
PECK, FERDINAND WYTHE, philan
thropist, was born July 15, 1848, in Chi
cago, 111. He has contributed liberally to
the cultivation of musical taste, and in
1886 organized and became president of a
joint stock company for the erection of
the Chicago auditorium and hotel, the
largest building of its kind in the United
States.
PECK, GEORGE, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 8, 1797, in Mkldlefield, N.
Y. He was a methodist clergyman of
prominence who was editor of several
denominational journals, and the author
of Christian Perfection; Early Method
ism; Wyoming and Its History; Univer-
salism Examined; History of the Apostles
and Evangelists; Rule of Faith; and
Manly Character. He died May 20, 1876,
in Scranton, Pa.
PECK, GEORGE WASHINGTON, jour
nalist, state legislator, congressman, au
thor, was born Dec. 4, 1817, in Rehoboth,
Mass. He removed to Michigan, and was
a member of the legislature of that state
in 1846 and 1847, serving as speaker dur
ing the latter year. He was afterwards
chosen secretary of state, and was a
representative in congress from Michigan
from 1855 to 1857. He was the author of
Melbourne and the Chinchu Islands. He
died June 6, 1859, in Boston, Mass.
PECK, GEORGE WESLEY, clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 7, 1849, in King
ston, Pa. He is a methodist clergyman of
western New York, and the author of
The Realization and Benefit of Ideals; and
Walk in the Light.
PECK, GEORGE WILBUR, journalist,
governor, was born Sept. 28, 1840, in Hen
derson, N. Y. He learned the printer's
trade, and has prin
cipally been engaged
in journalism. In
1863 he entered the
war as a member of
Myb'f" ) the fourth regiment,
Wisconsin volunteer
cavalry, and was
L^^r- soon commissioned
I as second lieutenant
of company L. After
^^^^^V^^jl | the war he estab-
•taMcJH lished The Repre
sentative of Ripon,
Wls.; was elected city treasurer in 1867,
and subsequently was engaged as editor
by M. M. Pomeroy, first in New York
city, and then on the La Crosse Democrat.
He served as chief of police of La
Crosse. In 1847 he started The Sun,
which he subsequently moved to Milwau
kee; attained success as a humorous paper,
and for many years had a circulation of
eighty thousand copies per week. He was
elected the fifth democratic governor of
Wisconsin, and served during 1891-94 with
distinction in that high office.
PECK, HARRY THURSTON, educator,
author, was born in 1856 in Connecticut.
He is a professor of Latin at Columbia
college; a literary critic; and the au
thor of Latin Pronunciation; and The
Semitic Theory of Creation.
PECK, JARED V.. congressman, was
born in New York. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1853 to 1855.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
729
PECK, JAMES H., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Tennessee. He was made judge
of the United States district court for
Missouri. He died May 1, 1837, in St.
Charles, Mo.
PECK, JESSE TRUESDELL, bishop,
author, was born April 4, 1811, in Middle-
field, N. Y. He was a bishop in the meth-
odist church; and the author of The
Central Idea of Christianity; The True
Woman; What Must I Do to be Saved?;
and The Great Republic. He died May
17, 1883, in Syracuse, N. Y.
PECK, JOHN EDWIN, lawyer, was
born Aug. 14, 1868, in Blacksburg, Va.
He received a liberal e'ducation, and fin
ished at the West Virginia university.
He has attained success as a lawyer of
Logan, W. Va.; and has been prosecut
ing attorney of his county.
PECK, JOHN JAMES, soldier, was
born Jan. 4, 1821, in Manlius, N. Y. Dur
ing 1859-61 he was president of the board
of education of Syracuse, N. Y. In 1861
he was appointed brigadier-general of
volunteers; and served with distinction
throughout the civil war. He died April
21, 1878, in Syracuse, N. Y.
PECK, LUCIUS B., lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in 1799, in
Waterbury, Vt. He served in the Ver
mont state legislature; and was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1847 to 1851. From 1853 to 1857 he
was United States attorney for Vermont,
and subsequently president of the Ver
mont and Canada railroad. He died in
December, 1866, in Lowell, Mass.
PECK, LUTHER C, lawyer, congress
man. He settled at Nunda, N. Y., in the
practice of law, in which he attained
eminence. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1837 to
1841. He died Feb. 5, 1876, in Nunda,
N. Y.
PECK, LUTHER WESLEY, clergyman,
poet, was born in 1825, in Wyoming val
ley, Pa. He has published The Golden
Age, a poem; and other works.
PECK, MARTIN H., journalist, writer,
was born July 26, 1870, in Pekin, Minn.
His poems and humorous sketches of
country life which were at first published
in the local papers were widely read and
copied. He is the editor and owner of
Peck's Sun of Barnesville, Minn. He also
has a large farm in Wilkins county, and
is very prominent in public affairs.
PECK, SAMUEL MINTURN, physi
cian, poet, was born in 1854, in Alabama.
He is a popular poet and physician of
Tuscaloosa, Ala.; and the author of Cap
and Bells; Rings and Love Knots;
Rhymes and Roses; and Fair Women of
To-Day.
PECK, THEODORE SAFFORD, sol
dier, was born March 22, 1843, in Bur
lington, Vt. He served through the civil
war; and for gallant and meritorious
services received the rank of brigadier-
general.
PECK, WILLIAM DANDRIDGE, natu
ralist, educator, author, was born May 8,
1763, in Boston. Mass. He was made
professor of his specialty in Harvard,
which chair he held from 1805 till 1822.
He published a catalogue of American
and Foreign Plants; and several articles
in the collections of the Massachusetts
Historical society, which include The De
scription of the Atherine; History of the
Slug-Worm; and Method of Taking Im
pressions of Vegetable Leaves by Means
of Smoke. He also published an account
of a sea-serpent in the Memoirs of the
American Academy. He died Oct. 3, 1822,
in Cambridge, Mass.
PECK, WILLIAM FARLEY, journalist,
author, was born Feb. 4, 1840, in Roch
ester, N. Y. He was connected with the
press of Rochester, N. Y., for several
years, and is the author of Semi-Centen-
nial History of Rochester.
PECK, WILLIAM GUY, soldier, educa
tor, author, was born Oct. 16, 1820, in
Litchfield, Conn. He was a soldier and
mathematician, professor in Columbia
college from 1857; and the author of Ele
mentary Mechanics; and Popular Astron
omy. He died in 1892.
PECK, WILLIAM HENRY, educator,
author, was born Sept. 30, 1830, in Au
gusta, Ga. He is an educator of Georgia
and a prolific writer of sensational nov
els. Among them are The McDonalds, or
the Ashes of Southern Homes; The Con
federate Flag of the Ocean; and The
Brother's Vengeance.
PECKHAM, RUFUS W., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 20, 1809, in
Rensselaerville, N. Y. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1853 to 1855; and in 1859 was elect
ed judge of the supreme court. He died
Nov. 22, 1873, at sea.
PECKHAM, RUFUS WHEELER, as-
sociatejustice of the supreme court of the
United States, was born Nov. 8, 1838, in
Albany, N. Y. In
1868 he was elected
district attorney of
Albany county; was
subsequently corpo
ration counsel of
Albany city; and in
1883 was elected a
justice of the su
preme court of the
state. While serv
ing as such he was
elected in 1886 an
associate judge of
the court of appeals of New York state,
and while occupying a seat on that bench
he was, in December, 1895, appointed by
President Cleveland an associate justice
of the supreme court of the United
States.
PECKHAM, STEPHEN FARNUM,
chemist, was born March 26, 1839, near
Providence, R. I. During the civil war
he served as hospital steward; and was
later in charge of the chemical de
partment of the United States army lab
oratory in Philadelphia. He subsequent
ly attained national reputation as a noted
chemist.
PECKHAM, WHEELER HAZARD,
lawyer, was born Jan. 1, 1833, in Albany,
N. Y. He was appointed district attor
ney of New York in 1884, which office
he resigned in the same year. For many
years he has practiced law in New York
city.
PEDDER, JAMES, agriculturist, jour
nalist, author, was born July 29, 1775. in
England. He was an agricultural writer
who came to America in 1832, and settled
in Philadelphia as a sugar manufacturer.
From 1844 to 1859 he edited The Boston
Cultivator. He was the author of The
Farmer's Land Measure; The Yellow
Shoestrings; and Frank. He died Aug.
30, 1859, in Roxbury, Mass.
PEDDIE, THOMAS B., manufacturer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
in Edinburgh, Scotland. He located at
Newark, N. J., and engaged in manufac
turing. He was elected to the state leg
islature in 1863 and 1864; was mayor of
Newark from 1865 to 1868; and was
president of the board of trade of that
city in 1873. He was elected a represen
tative from New Jersey to the forty-fifth
congress.
PEEBLES, MRS. MARY LOUISE [PAR-
MELEE], author, was born Dec. 10, 1833,
in Lansingburg, N. Y. She is a writer of
religious juvenile tales and other works,
among them being The Little Captain;
Helps Over Hard Places; The Good
Fight; Where Honor Leads; A Ques
tion of Honor, a story; The Magnet
Stones; and The Two Blizzards.
PEED, HENRY A., journalist, state
senator, was born Nov. 9, 1846, in Ply
mouth, Ind. In 1872 he was elected by
his party to repre-
3 sent his district in
the Indiana state
legislature, serving
H at both the special
I and regular sessions
I during the term. He
I was also a member
| of the committee on
ways and means. In
1874 he was elected
to the senate from
his district, consist
ing of the counties
of Martin, Dubois, and Orange, and serv
ed four years. At the session of 1875 he
was an active member of the judiciary
committee, and in 1877 was appointed
chairman of the committee on railroads.
PEEK, HERMANUS, state legislator,
congressman, was born in Albany, N. Y.
He was for two years a member of the
New York assembly from Schenectady
county; and a representative in congress
from New York from 1819 to 1821.
PEEL, SAMUEL W.. soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 13, 1831, in
Independence county, Ark. In 1867 he
settled at Bentonville, Ark.; and was ap
pointed prosecuting attorney in 1873, and
was elected to that office in 1874, serving
four years. He was elected a represen
tative from Arkansas to the forty-eighth
congress; and. was re-elected to the forty-
ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, and fifty-second
congresses as a democrat.
PEELLE, STANTON J., soldier, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Feb. 11, 1843, in Wayne county, Ind.
He entered the union army in 1861, and
served three years. He was deputy dis
trict attorney of Marion county for two
years; and was a representative in the
state legislature from 1877 to 1879. He
was elected a representative from Indi
ana to the forty-seventh and forty-eighth
congresses as a republican.
PEELLE, WILLIAM ADAMS, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born Sept. 18, 1819,
in Richmond county, N. C. He has served
as prosecuting attorney; has been a
member of the lower house of the Indi
ana general assembly; and judge of com
mon pleas court, criminal and circuit
courts. He has also been secretary of
state of Indiana.
PEERS, BENJAMIN ORRS, clergy
man, educator, author, was born in 1800,
in Loudoun county, Va. He was an epis
copal clergyman and educator of Ken
tucky, founder of the common school sys
tem of Kentucky; and the author of
American Education. He died Aug. 20.
1842, in Louisville, Ky.
PEERY, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a delegate from Delaware to the con
tinental congress from 1785 to 1786.
FEET, DUDLEY, physician, author,
was born July 9, 1830, in Hartford, Conn.
He studied and practiced medicine in
New York, and became an instructor in
the New York Institution for Deaf-Mutes.
He was the author of a Manual of Inor
ganic Chemistry for Students, which was
revised and enlarged by Isaac L. Peet in
1868. He died April 18, 1862, in New
York city.
730
HKiWIXC.SHAWS KNCYCLOPEDIA ()!• AMKKICAN 1 1 11 H i li A I 'I I V.
PEET, HARVEY PRINDLE, educator,
author, was born Nov. 19, 1794, in Beth
lehem. Conn. He was a noted educator
of deaf-mutes in New York city; and the
author of Course of Instruction for the
Deaf and Dumb; Legal Rights of the
Deaf and Dumb; and History of the
United States. He died Jan. 1, 1873, in
New York city.
PEET, STEPHEN, missionary, author,
was born in 1795, in Sandgate, Vt. In
1837 he became minister of Green Bay,
Wis., and assisted in founding Beloit col
lege and thirty churches. He then went
to Milwaukee, and subsequently took
charge of an institute in Batavia, 111. He
was the author of a History of the Pres
byterian and Congregational Churches
and Ministers of Wisconsin. He died
March 21, 1855, in Chicago, 111.
PEET, STEPHEN DENISON, clergy
man, anthropologist, author, was born
Dec. 2, 1830, in Euclid, Ohio. He is a
congregational minister, eminent as an
anthropologist; and the author of The
Ashtabula Disaster; History of Ashtabu-
la County, Ohio; Ancient Architecture
in America; History of Early Missions
in Wisconsin; Picture Writing; Primi
tive Symbolisms; and The Effigy Mounds
of Wisconsin.
PEFFER, WILLIAM ALFRED, lawyer,
journalist, United States senator, was
born Sept. 10, 1831, in Cumberland coun
ty, Pa. He began
teaching at the age
of fifteen years;
taught during win
ter and farmed in
summer; removed
to Indiana in 1853,
and opened a farm
in St. Joseph coun
ty. He removed to
Missouri in 1859.
and purchased a
farm in Morgan
county. Because of
the war he moved to Illinois in 1862,
and enlisted as a private in company F,
eighty-third Illinois infantry. He was
promoted to second lieutenant in March,
1863; and served as regimental quarter
master and adjutant, post adjutant,
judge-advocate of a military commission,
and depot quartermaster in the engineer
department at Nashville. He began the"
practice of law in Clarksville, Tenn., in
1865; mo\ed to Kansas in 1870; and prac
ticed law there until 1878, in the mean
time establishing and conducting two
newspapers, the Fredonia Journal and
Coffeyville Journal. He was elected to
the state senate in 1874; was republican
presidential elector in 1880; and became
editor of the Kansas Farmer in 1881. He
was elected to the United States senate
as a member of the people's party; took
his seat March 4,1891. His term of service
expired March 3, 1897. He is the author
of The Tariff Manual; and The Way
Out.
PEFFLEY, DAVID FRANKLIN, jour
nalist, poet, was born May 5, 1854, in
Bainbridge, Ind. For several years he
taught school, then took up newspaper
work,. In 1880 he moved to Kansas, and
has edited and published newspapers in
that state, and in New Mexico. He is the
author of a volume of poems entitled
Songs of Sentiment; and has contributed
extensively to current literature.
PEGRAM, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1818 to 1819 to fill a vacancy.
PEGRAM, WILLIAM JOHNSON, sol
dier, was born in 1841, in Petersburg, Va.
He served with distinction in the con
federate army; attained the rank of brig
adier-general, and was killed in battle
April 2, 1865, in Petersburg, Va.
PEIRCE, BENJAMIN, merchant, au
thor, was born Sept. 30, 1778, in Salem,
Mass. He was a merchant of Salem,
Mass.. subsequently librarian of Harvard
university; and published a History of
Harvard University from 1636 to the
American Revolution. He died July 28,
1831, in Cambridge, Mass.
PEIRCE, BENJAMIN, mathematician,
educator, author, was born April 4, 1809,
in Salem, Mass. He was an eminent
mathematician, and professor of mathe
matics and astronomy at Harvard uni-
\ersity in 1833-67. He was the author of
Elementary Treatise on Plane and Spher
ical Trigonometry; Elementary Treatise
on Sound; Curves. Functions, and
Forces; -and Ideality in the Physical Sci
ences. He died Oct. 6, 1880, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
PEIRCE, BENJAMIN OSGOOD, educa
tor, author, was born Feb. 11, 1854, in
Beverly, Mass. He is a professor of
physics at Harvard university from 1884;
and author of Theory of the Newtonian
Potential Functions.
PEIRCE, BRADFORD KINNEY, cler
gyman, journalist, author, was born Feb.
3, 1819, in Royalton, Vt. He was editor
of Zion's Herald in 1872-88. He was the
author of Bible Scholar's Manual; The
Eminent Dead; Notes on the Acts; The
Word of God Opened; A Half Century
with Juvenile Delinquents; Trials of an
Inventor; Audubon's Adventures; Stories
from Life which the Chaplain Told; The
Chaplain with the Children; The Young
Shetlander and His Home; and Hymns
of the Higher Life. He died in 1889.
PEIRCE, CHARLES HENRY, physi
cian, author, was born Jan. 28, 1814, in
Salem, Mass. In 1850 he received the ap
pointment of examiner of medicines for
the port of Boston. He was the trans
lator of Dr. Julius A. Stockhardt's Prin
ciples of Chemistry. He also published
Examination of Drugs, Medicines, Chem
icals as to their Purity. He died June
16, 1855, in Cambridge, Mass.
PEIRCE, CHARLES SANDERS, phy
sician, author, was born Sept. 30, 1839, in
Cambridge, Mass. He is a physician and
lecturer on logic; and the author of Stu
dies in Logic.
PEIRCE, EBENEZER WEAVER, sol
dier, author, was born April 5, 1822, in
Freetown, Mass. He was an officer in
the federal army during the civil war;
and the author of The Peirce Family of
the Old Colony; Indian History, Biog
raphy, and Genealogy; and Contribu
tions, Biographical.
PEIRCE, JAMES MILLS, educator, au
thor, was born May 1, 1834, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He is an educator of Cam
bridge, professor of mathematics in Har
vard university from 1867; and the au
thor of Text-Book of Analytical Geome
try; and Elements of Logarithms.
PEIRCE, JOSEPH DEXTER, farmer,
legislator, was born Dec. 5, 1857, in New-
burgh, N. Y. He is a successful farmer;
and has served as a member of the lower
house of the North Dakota legislature.
PEIRCE, ROBERT B. F., soldier, law
yer, legislator, congressman, was born
Feb. 17, 1843, in Laurel, Ind. He gradu
ated in a classical course from the Wa-
bash college of Crawfordsville, Ind. He
served during the war as a lieutenant in
the one hundred and thirty-fifth regi
ment of the Indiana volunteer infantry.
He is a noted lawyer of Indianapolis,
Ind.; has been state's attorney; and
served as a member of the forty-seventh-
congress as a republican.
PEIRCE, THOMAS, poet, was born
Aug. 4, 1786, in Chester county, Pa. He
wrote numerous prize poems, the chief of
which was Muse of Hesperia; and con
tributed largely to literary journals. His
last published poem, Knowledge is Pow
er, appeared in 1827. He died in 1850, in,
Cincinnati, Ohio.
PEIRCE, WILLIAM FOSTER, clergy
man, college president, was born Feb. 3,
1868, in Chicopee Falls, Mass. He was
prepared for college
at the Springfield
High school; gradu
ating in 1888 from
Amherst college;
then he attended
the Cornell univer
sity for one year for
the study of philos
ophy and economics.
He has filled profes
sorships in the Ohio
university, univer
sity of Colorado, and
Kenyon college of Gambler, Ohio, of
which latter institution he has been pres
ident since 1896.
PEIRCE, WILLIAM SHANNON, law
yer, jurist, was born Sept. 3, 1815, in New
Castle, Del. In 1866 he became a judge
of the court of common pleas in Phila
delphia, which office he held by subse
quent elections until his death. He died
April 4, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PEIRSON, MRS. LYDIA JANE
[WHEELER], poet, was born in 1802, in
Middletown, Conn. She was a poet of
Adrian, Mich.; and the author of Forest
Leaves, and Other Poems; and The For
est Minstrel. She died in 1862, in Adrian,
Mich.
PELHAM, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born March 12, 1835,
in Person county, N. C. He entered the
confederate service in 1862; was elected
judge of the tenth judicial circuit of Ala
bama in 1868; and was elected to the
forty-third congress as a republican.
PELHAM, PETER, artist, was born in
England. He was the first engraver and
earliest known artist in New England,
and came from London to Boston at the
close of the first quarter of the eighteenth
century. His earliest known work here
is a portrait of Cotton Mather, dated
1727. He died in December, 1751, in Bos
ton, Mass.
PELL, ELLA FERRIS, painter, sculp
tor, was born Jan. 18, 1846, in St. Louis,
Mo. She has given special attention to
portraiture and figure composition. Her
most important work is The Angel Show
ing Adam the Consequences of His Sin.
She is the president of the Liberal Art
league of New York city.
PELLEW, [WILLIAM] GEORGE, au
thor, was born in 1859, in England. He
was a writer of New York city; and the
author of Jane Austen's Novels, a Disser
tation; In Castle and Cabin, or Talks
in Ireland; Woman and the Common
wealth; and Life of John Jay. He died
in 1893.
PELTON, GUY R., lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 3, 1825, in Great Bar-
rington, Mass. In 1851 he opened a law
office in New York city; and in 1854 was
elected a representative from New- York
to the thirty-fourth congress.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPH 1' .
731
PELTON, JOHN COTTER, educator,
poet. He is known as the father of the
San Francisco schools. Since 1849 he has
been engaged as an
educator in Califor
nia, and was San
Francisco's fi r s t
superintendent o f
schools. He is the
author of a volume
of poems; and has
contributed exten
sively to periodical
literature. His po
ems have been given
a place in Poets of
America, and sever
al other standard collections.
PEMBERTON, EBENEZER, clergy
man, author, was born in 1704, in Boston,
Mass. He was a presbyterian clergyman
prominent as a loyalist in Boston at the
opening of the revolution. He was the
author of Sermons on Several Subjects;
Practical Discourses; Salvation by Grace;
and Occasional Sermons. He died Sept.
9, 1779, in Boston, Mass.
PEMBERTON, JAMES LEE, politician,
was born July 22, 1866, in Turley's Mills,
Tenn. He received the rudiments of his
education at the common schools, and at
the department of law of the Georgetown
university of Washington, D. C. He was
president of the Central McKinley and
Hobart club of Rutledge, Tenn.; has been
justice of the peace for Grainger county;
and clerk of the circuit court. He has
twice declined nominations to the lower
house of the general assembly.
PEMBERTON, THOMAS, merchant,
author, was born in 1728, in Boston,
Mass. He wrote a journal of the revolu
tionary war; and his Chronology of
Massachusetts, in five manuscript vol
umes, was made use of by Dr. Holmes.
He died July 5, 1807, in Boston, Mass.
PENCE, LAFE, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born Dec. 23, 1857, in
Columbus, Ind. He was elected to the
Colorado state legislature, and after the
session in 1885 located in Denver. In 1887
he was appointed county attorney for
Arapahoe county; and reappointed county
attorney in 1888. In 1892 he was nomi
nated by the populists and silver demo
crats as candidate for congress from the
first district, and was elected in Novem
ber.
PENCE, WALLACE M., lawyer, was
born March 27, 1860, in Henderson coun
ty, 111. He received his education at the
Western Normal college of Shenandoah,
Iowa, graduating with the degree of B.
S.; and attended the law department of
the Kansas State university of Lawrence.
He is now a prominent lawyer of Salinas
City, Cal.; and contributes extensively
to law literature.
PENDERGAST, WILLIAM WIRT, edu
cator, jurist, was born Jan. 31, 1833, in
Durham, N. H. He received his educa
tion at the Durham academy, at Phillips
academy, and in 1854 graduated from
Bowdoin college. He has been judge of
probate of McLeod county, Minn. ; was su
perintendent of schools of that county for
eight years; for twenty years was super
intendent and principal of the Hutchin-
son High school; and for six years was
assistant state superintendent of public
instruction. He has been principal of the
School of Agriculture, and university of
Minnesota, for five years; and for five
years has been superintendent of public
instruction for the state of Minnesota,
his last term expiring in 1898.
PENDERGRAST, GARRETT JESSE,
naval officer, was born Dec. 5, 1802, in
Kentucky. He was appointed command
ant of the Philadelphia navy-yard, which
post he filled until two days before his
death. Under the reorganization of the
navy he was twelfth commodore on the
retired list, which rank he attained in
1862. He died Nov. 7, 1862, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
PENPLETON, EDMUND, lawyer, ju
rist, statesman, was born Sept. 9, 1721,
in Carolina county, Va. He was a mem
ber of the house of burgesses in 1752,
and was subsequently speaker of that
body. He was a delegate to the conti
nental congress from 1774 to 1775; presi
dent of the Virginia conventions of 1775
and 1776; and drew up the resolutions
for the declaration of independence. He
was speaker and president of the chan
cery court; and in 1779 president of the
court of appeals. In 1788 he presided over
the convention which adopted the federal
constitution. He died Oct. 23, 1803, in
Richmond, Va.
PENDLETON, EDMUND H., congress
man. He was a representative in congress
from New York from 1831 to 1833.
PENDLETON, EDMUND MONROE,
physician, author, was born March 19,
1815, in Eatonton, Ga. He was a physi
cian who published Scientific Agricul
ture. He died Jan. 26, 1884, in Atlanta,
Ga.
PENDLETON, GEORGE C., farmer,
soldier, financier, state legislator, con
gressman, was born April 23, 1845, in
Coffee county, Tenn.
He was a merchant;
then a farmer and
dealer in real estate.
He was in the con
federate service as
private in Fount's
company, Burford's
regiment, Parson's
brigade, Texas cav
alry. He was a
member of the
eighteenth, nine-
teenth, and twen
tieth Texas legislatures, and speaker of
the twentieth. He was elected lieutenant-
governor in 1890; and was elected to the
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses as
a democrat. While in congress he served
on several important committees.
PENDLETON, GEORGE HUNT, law
yer, congressman, United States senator,
was born July 25, 1825, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. He was a member of the state sen
ate of Ohio in 1854 and 1855; and was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
thirty-fifth, thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh,
and thirty-eighth congresses. In 1864 he
was nominated for the officeofvice-presi-
flent of the United States. In 1869 he was
appointed president of the Kentucky Cen
tral Railroad company. He was elected
a United States senator from Ohio for the
term of six years from March 4, 1879. He
died Nov. 24, 1889, in Belgium.
PENDLETON, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
was born about 1750, in Culpeper county,
Va. He was appointed judge in 1776; and
when the British overran the state he
joined the patriot forces and fought at
Eutaw. He resumed his judgeship in
1782; originated the county court act of
South Carolina, and was one of three
judges appointed to revise the laws of
the state in 1785. He died Jan. 10, 1789,
in Greenville, S. C.
PENDLETON, ISAAC, lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, was born April 3, 1832, in Nor
wich, N. Y. In 1862 he was a representa
tive of his district in the Iowa legisla
ture; and for four years was district
judge. He died July 17, 1896, in Sioux
City, Iowa.
PENDLETON, JAMES M., merchant,
banker, state senator, congressman, was
born Jan. 10, 1822, in Pendleton Hill,
Conn. He received
a thorough educa
tion; and became
engaged in mercan
tile business and
banking in Rhode
Island. He was a
member of the
Rhode Island state
senate in 1862-65; a
delegate to the na
tional republican
convention of Chi
cago in 1868; and a
presidential elector. He was elected to
the forty-second and forty-third con
gresses, serving on the committee on re
vision of laws; and various other com
mittees.
PENDLETON, JAMES MADISON, cler
gyman, author, was born Nov. 20, 1811,
in Spottsylvania county, Va. He was a
baptist clergyman of Upland, Pa.; and
the author of Three Reasons Why I Am
a Baptist; Church Manual; Christian
Doctrines; Sermons; Distinctive Princi
ples of Baptists; and Atonement of
Christ. He died in 1891.
PENDLETON, JOHN 0., congressman.
He is a resident of Wheeling, W. Va.;
and was elected to the house of represen
tatives of the fifty-first congress in 1888,
and was unseated in 1890. He was elect
ed to the fifty-second and fifty-third con
gresses as a democrat.
PENDLETON, JOHN S., congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1845 to 1847, and for a second term, end
ing in 1849. In 1851 he was appointed
minister resident to the Argentine con
federation. He died Nov. 19, 1868, in Cul
peper county, Va.
PENDLETON, LOUIS [BEAURE-
GARD], author, was born in 1861, in
Georgia. He is a novelist of Philadel
phia; and the author of Bewitched, and
Other Stories; In the Wire Grass, a nov
el of Southern Georgia; King Tom and
the Runaways, a juvenile tale; The Wed
ding Garment, a Tale of the Life to
Come; The Sons of Ham; Corona of
the Nantahalas; and In the Okefenokee,
a juvenile tale.
PENDLETON, NATHANIEL, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born in 1756, in Cul
peper county, Va. He entered the revo
lutionary army at nineteen years of age,
served with the rank of major on the
staff of General Nathaniel Greene, and
received the thanks of congress for his
gallantry at Eutaw. He afterward set
tled in Georgia and became United States
district judge. He died Oct. 20, 1821, in
New York city.
PENDLETON, NATHANIEL GREENE,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born in August, 1793, in Savannah, Ga.
In 1825 he was elected to the senate of
Ohio, and was re-elected. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Ohio from
1841 to 1843.
PENDLETON, SAMUEL EVANS, cler
gyman, was born in 1840, in Logan coun
ty, 111. He received his education at the
Cliaddock college of Illinois, and has at
tained prominence as one of the foremost
clergymen in the United States. He has
preached in all the principal cities of
the union; for fifteen years has been pre
siding elder in the Kansas conference;
and has been a delegate to the general
conference four times.
732
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PENDLETON, WILLIAM NELSON,
soldier, educator, clergyman, author, was
born Dec. 26, 1809, in Richmond, Va. He
was an episcopal clergyman and educator
of Virginia, a confederate officer during
the civil war, and subsequently rector of
Grace church, Lexington, Va. He was
the author of Science a Witness for the
Bible. He died in 1883.
PENEWELL, MARY AMELIA, educa
tor, poet, was born March 7, 1848, near
Ellicottville, N. Y. She is the author of
a large number of poems, and one pub
lished work.
PENHALLOW, SAMUEL, lawyer, ju
rist, author, was born July 2, 1665, in
England. He was a citizen of Ports
mouth, N. H., and chief justice of New
Hampshire in 1717-26. He published in
1726 a realistic and valuable History of
the Wars of New England with the East
ern Indians. He died Dec. 2, 1726, in
Portsmouth, N. H.
PENICK, CHARLES CLIFTON, bish
op, author, was born Dec. 9, 1843, in Char
lotte county, Va. He is the third pro-
testant episcopal bishop of the West Af
rican mission. He was consecrated in
1877, resigned in 1883, and is now (1898)
a general agent at Baltimore of the com
mission on work among the colored peo
ple. He is the author of More than a
Prophet, or Chapters on St. John the
Evangelist.
PENICK, HENRY E., journalist, was
born in 1874, in Brunswick, Mo. He is
the editor and owner of The Record of
Cabool, Mo.; and has contributed ex
tensively to current literature.
PENINGTON, EDWARD, author, was
born Sept. 3, 1667, in England. He be
came in 1700 surveyor-general of Penn
sylvania. He published The Discoverer
Discovered; Rabshakeh Rebuked; and
Some Brief Observations upon George
Keith's Earnest Expostulation. He died
Nov. 11, 1711, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PENINGTON, HENRY, lawyer, author,
was born Sept. 19, 1807. in Philadelphia.
He edited and published, with numerous
additions, Henry James Holthouse's New
Law Dictionary. He died Nov. 11, 1858,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
PENINGTON, JOHN, physician, au
thor, was born Sept. 29, 1768, in Phila
delphia. He was a member of the Ameri
can Philosophical society; and the au
thor of Chemical and Economical Es
says to Illustrate the Connection between
Chemistry and the Arts; and Inaugural
Dissertation on the Phenomena, Causes,
and Effects of Fermentation. He died
Sept. 20, 1793, in Philadelphia.
PENINGTON, JOHN, author, was born
Aug. 1, 1799, in Mulberry Hill, N. J. For
many years he was the most noted im
porter of foreign books in Philadelphia.
In addition to critical articles, he pub
lished An Examination of Beauchamp
Plantagenet's Description of the Province
of New Albion; Scraps, Osteologic and
Archasological; and he edited Descrip
tion of New York, by Daniel Danton,
London, 1670: Reprinted by the Histori
cal Society of Pennsylvania. He died
March 18, 1867, in Philadelphia.
PENINGTON, JOHN B., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Dec. 20,
1825, near New Castle, Del. He was a
member of the state house of representa
tives in 1857. He was appointed United
States attorney for the district of Dela
ware in 1868; and attorney-general of the
state in 1874. He was elected to the fif
tieth congress, and was re-elected to the
fifty-first congress as a democrat.
PENN, ALEXANDER G., congress
man, was born in Virginia. He settled in
Louisiana; and was elected a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1851 to 1853.
PENN, JOHN, governor, was born July
14, 1729, in London. He was governor of
Pennsylvania from 1763 to 1771, and from
1773 to 1775. He died Feb. 9, 1795, in
Bucks county, Pa.
PENN, JOHN, signer of the declara- '
tion of independence, was born May 17,
1741, in Caroline county, Va. He was a
delegate from North Carolina to the con
tinental congress from 1775 to 1780, and
signed the declaration of independence,
as well as the articles of confederation.
In 1784 he was appointed receiver of
taxes. He died Oct. 26, 1800, in North
Carolina.
PENN. JOHN, governor, author, was
born Feb. 23, 1760, in England. He was
governor of the island of Portland, where
he built Pennsylvania castle. He was a
member of parliament in 1802. He pub
lished a tragedy, some pamphlets, and a
volume of poems. He died June 21, 1834
in Stoke Pogis.
PENN, THOMAS, philanthropist, was
born March 8, 1702, in England. He
founded the college of Pennsylvania, as
well as the hospital and library there.
He died March 21, 1775, in London.
PENN, WILLIAM, the founder of Penn
sylvania, was born Oct. 14, 1644, in Lon
don, England. He obtained from the
king, Charles II., a
tract of land west of
the Delaware and
north of Maryland,
in payment for a
claim against the
government which
he inherited from his
father. He sailed
from England in Sep
tember, 1682, and in
November of the
same year held the
famous treaty with
the Indians which was> the only league
between the aborigines and the Chris
tians that was never sworn to, and the
only one never broken. He died July 30,
1718, in England.
PENNELL, MRS. ELIZABETH [ROB
INS], author. She is a writer who has
lived in London for many years; and the
author of Life of Mary Wollstonecraft; A
Canterbury Pilgrimage; Two Pilgrims'
Progress; Our Sentimental Journey
through France and Italy; Our Journey
to the Hebrides; To Gipsy land; Play in
Provence; and The Feasts of Autolycus.
PENNELL, JOSEPH, artist, author,
was born in 1859, in Pennsylvania. He
is an artist living in London who has il
lustrated his wife's books; and published
Pen Drawing and Pen Draughtsmen; The
Jew at Home; and Modern Illustration.
PENNELL, WILLIAM D., manufactur
er, was born May 20, 1847, in Portland,
Maine. In 1881 he was elected a member
of the Maine house of representatives;
in 1883 he was elected a member of the
state senate; and in 1885 became presi
dent of that body.
PENNELL, WILLIAM W., physician,
poet, was born Feb. 2, 1853, in Holmes
county, Ohio. He is a successful physi
cian in Nashville, Ohio; and in addition
to his medical work he has issued a small
volume of poetical and other composi
tions.
PENNIMAN, EBENEZER JENCKES,
merchant, congressman, was born in Lan-
singburg, N. Y. He moved to Michigan
in 1835; and was elected a representa
tive to the thirty-second congress.
PENNINGTON, ALEXANDER CUM-
MINGS MACWHORTER, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born July 2,
1810, in Newark, N. J. He was a repre
sentative in congress from New Jersey
from 1853 to 1857. He also served two
years in the state legislature; and sub
sequently settled in the city of New
York. He died Jan. 25, 1867, in New York
city.
PENNINGTON, I. L., governor, au
thor, was born in North Carolina. In
1874 he was appointed governor of Da
kota.
PENNINGTON, SAMUEL, journalist,
state legislator, was born March 8, 1765,
in Newark, N. J. In 1799 he became edi
tor and one of the proprietors of the
Sentinel of Freedom of Newark, N. J.
Between 1810 and 1825 he was elected
ele\ en times a member of the legislature,
and was once speaker of the house.
He died March 6, 1835, in Newark, N. J.
PENNINGTON, WILLIAM, lawyer,
congressman, governor, was born May 4,
1796, in Newark, N. J. In 1837 he was
elected governor of New Jersey, and an
nually re-elected until 1843, acting at the
same time as chancellor of the state, ex-
officio, and taking a prominent part in
what was known as the broad seal con
troversy. In 1858 he was elected a
representative from New Jersey to the
thirty-sixth congress; and after the lapse
of two months from taking his seat was
elected speaker of the house of represen
tatives. He died Feb. 16, 1862, in New
ark, N. J.
PENNINGTON, WILLIAM SANFORD,
soldier, lawyer, jurist, state legislator,'
governor, was born in 1757, in Newark,
N. J. He was a member of the legislature
of New Jersey; was chancellor of the
state, and author of New Jersey Court
Reports, published from 1803 to 1816;
and in 1825. He was governor of Nev*
Jersey from 1813 to 1815. He was ap
pointed associate judge of the supreme
court of New Jersey in 1804; and judge of
the United States district court from 1815
to 1826. He died Sept. 17, 1826, in Newark,
N. J.
PENNOCK, ALEXANDER MOSELY,
naval officer, was born Nov. 1, 1813, in
Norfolk, Va. In 1868 he was commis
sioned commodore, and rear-admiral in
1872. He died Sept. 20, 1876, in Ports
mouth, N. H.
PENNOCK, MORRIS C., merchant,
banker, poet, was born May 22, 1830, in
Chester county, Pa. His father, John
Pennock, moved to
a farm near Salem,
Ohio, in 1832. His
early manhood was
spent in farming,
teaching and clerk
ing. In 1862 he set
tled in Alliance.
Ohio, and established
the hardware firm
of Wright and Pen-
nock, which is still
flourishing. He was
one of the founders
of the Alliance Bank company, the lead
ing financial institution of the city, of
which he is president. His tastes are
literary and artistic, and find expression
in occasional poetical contributions to
different journals, selections from which
appear in Poets of America, and other
standard works.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
733
PENNOYER, SYLVESTER, educator,
merchant, governor, was born July 6,
1831, in Groton, N. Y. During 1887-95
he served with distinction as governor of
Oregon. In 1896 he was elected mayor of
Portland.
PENNY, VIRGINIA, author, was born
Jan. 18, 1826, in Louisville, Ky. She is
an educator who has written much in re
lation to wider opportunities for women.
She is the author of The Employment of
Women; Five Hundred Occupations
Adapted to Women; and Think and Act.
PENNYBACKER, ISAAC SAMUALS,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, United
States senator, was born Sept. 12, 1807,
in Shenandoah county, Va. He was a
representative in congress from 1837 to
1839; then judge of the district court of
western Virginia; and was a senator in
congiess for the term from 1845 to 1851.
He died Jan. 12, 1847. in Washington,
D. C.
PENNYPACKER, ELIJAH FUNK, re
former, financier, state legislator, was
born Nov. 20, 1804, in Chester county, Pa.
He became interested in real estate; was
in the Pennsyhania legislature in 1831-
35; chairman of its committee on banks,
and a principal mover in the establish
ment of public schools. He was an or
ganizer of the Pennsylvania Mutual Fire
Insurance company in 1869, and became
president, holding office till January,
1887, when he resigned. He died Jan. 4,
1888, in Phcenixville, Pa.
PENNYPACKER, ISAAC RUSLING,
journalist, poet, was born in 1852, in
Pennsylvania. He is a journalist and
poet of Philadelphia; and the author of
Gettysburg, and Other Poems.
PENNYPACKER, SAMUEL WHITA-
KER, lawyer, jurist, author, was born
April 9, 1843, in Phoenix\ ille, Pa. He is
a jurist of Philadelphia; and the author
of Annals of Phcenixville; Pennsylvania
Supreme Court Reports; and Historical
and Biographical Sketches.
PENROD, WILLIAM K., journalist,
was born March 5, 1873, in Raglesville,
Ind. He has taught school and published
sev eral newspapers, and is now the edi
tor and owner of the Odon Journal, Indi
ana.
PENROSE, BOIES, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Nov. 1, 1860, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was elected to the Penn
sylvania house of representatives from
the eighth Philadelphia district in 1884.
In connection with Edward P. Allinson
he wrote, at the request of Johns Hop
kins university, for the university stu
dies in historical and political science,
a History of the City Government of
Philadelphia. He was elected to the
Pennsylvania state senate from the sixth
Philadelphia district in 1886, re-elected
in 1890, and again in 1894. He was elect
ed president pro tempore of the senate
in 1889, and re-elected in 1891. He was
elected to the United States senate as a
republican to succeed J. Donald Cameron,
and took his seat March 4, 1897. His
term of service will expire March 3, 1903.
PENROSE, RICHARD ALEXANDER
FULLERTON, educator, physician, sur
geon, was born March 24, 1827, in Car
lisle, Pa. In 1863 he became professor of
obstetrics and of the diseases of women
and children in the university of Penn
sylvania, which post he still holds. He
is one of the founders of the Children's
hospital of Philadelphia, the American
Gynaecological society, and the Gynacean
hospital.
PENTECOST, GEORGE FREDERICK,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 23,
1843, in Albion, 111. He was a congrega
tional minister in Brooklyn in 1881-90,
and subsequently an evangelist in Amer
ica and England. He is the author of
The Angel in the Marble; In the Vol
ume of the Book; Out of Egypt; The
Christian and the Modern Dance; Bible
Studies; The Gospel of Luke; and Grace
Abounding in the Forgiveness of Sins.
PF.PPER, GEORGE DANA BOARD-
MAN, educator, clergyman, college presi
dent, author, was born Feb. 5, 1833, in
Ware, Mass. He is a baptist clergyman
and educator, president of Colby univer
sity from 1882; and the author of Out
lines of Theology.
PEPPER, WILLIAM, physician, author,
was born Aug. 21, 1843, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is an eminent Philadelphia phy
sician, provost of the university of Penn
syhania in 1881-94; and the author of
Higher Medical Education; and Diseases
of Children.
PEPPERRELL, WILLIAM, soldier,
was born June 27, 1696, in Kittery,
Maine. He was a son of Colonel William
Pepperrell and Mar
gery Bray, both na
tives of England.
He was taught the
art of surveying
land and of navigat
ing a ship; and sub
sequently was in
business with his
father as a dealer
in naval stores, fish
and provisions. In
1726 he was brevet-
ted colonel, and
placed in command of all the militia of
Maine. In the same year he was elected
a state representative; and for thirty-
two years was a member of the board
of councilors. He was elected comman-
der-in-chief of the body of New England
volunteers; and after a siege of forty-
nine days he succeeded in the reduction
of Louisbuig, the strongest fortress in
America, which the French had built at
a cost of six million dollars. He was
acting governor of Massachusetts in 1756-
58. He died July 6, 1759, in Kittery,
Maine.
PEPPLE, W. D., educator, was born
Dec. 8, 1854, in Champaign county, Ohio.
He received his education at the Ohio
Normal university and has attained suc
cess in educational work. He has been
superintendent of schools of Delta, Genoa,
and North Lewisburg.Ohio; and is a mem
ber of the executive committee of the
Northwestern Ohio Teachers' association.
PERCE, ELBERT, litterateur, author,
was born Aug. 17, 1831, in New York
city. He was a writer of New York city
and the author of Old Carl the Cooper;
The Last of His Name; The Battle Roll;
Gulliver Joi: his Three Voyages; and sev
eral translations from the Swedish of Car-
16n. He died Jan. 18, 1868, in Brooklyn.
PERCE, LEGRAND W., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 19, 1836, in
Buffalo, N. Y. He was appointed cap
tain of the United States volunteers in
1863, and brevetted colonel in 1865. He
settled in Mississippi; and was elected
to the forty-first congress, and re-elected
to the forty-second congress as a repub
lican.
PERCIVAL, CHESTER SMITH, educa
tor, clergyman, poet, was born March 12,
1822, in Vernon, N. Y. In 1864 he accept
ed a call to become rector of Grace church
at Cedar Rapids, Iowa. He is the author
of a work entitled Hours of Musing; and
At the Grave of James G. Percival.
PERCIVAL, JAMES GATES, geologist,
poet, was born Sept. 15, 1795, in Lexing
ton, Conn. He was a poet once popular,
but now wholly neglected. He was the
author of Seneca Lake and The Coral
Grove, which are still found lingering
anthologies; Prometheus; Clio; Dream of
a Day and Poems. He was a geologist
of some reputation, and published Geo
logical Surveys of Connecticut and Wis
consin. He died May 2, 1856, in Hazel
Green, Wis.
PERCY, GEORGE, soldier, governor, au
thor, was born Sept. 4, 1586, in England.
In 1610 he became governor of Virginia.
He published Observations Gathered out
or a Discourse of the Plantations of the
SoutherneColonie in Virginia by the Eng
lish; also included in Samuel Purchas's
Filgrimes, 1685-90. He died in March,
1632. in Lyon House, England.
PERCY, TOWNSEND, journalist, ex
plorer, author, was born March 26, 1854, in
Troy, N. Y. He is a son of John Town-
send Percy, the eminent lawyer. He re
ceived his education at the Troy acad
emy and the Cazenovia seminary. He
has been an explorer in Panama and Cen
tral America; and is a fellow royal of the
Geographical society. He is a success
ful dramatic critic and playwright;
the author of Appleton's Dictionary of
New York; and other works. He is now
the financial editor of the London Finan
cial News, and resides in New York city.
PEREA, FRANCISCO, congressman,
was born Jan. 9, 1831, in Bernalillo, N.
M. In 1863 he was elected a delegate
from New Mexico to the thirty-eighth con
gress.
PERHAM, SIDNEY, agriculturist, state
legislator, congressman, was born March
27, 1819, in Woodstock, Maine. In 1855
he was a member of the Maine leg
islature, and officiated as speaker. In 1856
he was a presidential elector. In 1862 he
was elected a representative from Maine
tc the thirty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-ninth and fortieth
congresses. In 1875 he was elected sec
retary of the state of Maine.
PERKINS, BISHOP, congressman, was
born in New Hampshire. He settled in
New York; and was elected a representa
tive in congress from that state from
1853 to 1855.
PERKINS, BISHOP W., soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, United States
senator, was born Oct. 18, 1841, in Roch
ester, Ohio. He enlisted in the union
army from Illinois, served until 1866, per
forming important duties, and rising to
the rank of captain and acting adjutant-
general; and was wounded at Fort Don-
elson. He returned home when mustered
out of service; and in 1869 moved to
Oswego, Kas. In 1870 he was elected pro
bate judge, and was re-elected in 1872.
In 1873 he was appointed judge of the
eleventh judicial district of the state; in
November of that year was elected to
the same position; and was re-elected
in 1874, and again in 1878. He was elect
ed a representative from Kansas to the
forty-eighth congress; was re-elected to
the forty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses. In 1892 he was appointed United
States senator to fill a vacancy.
PERKINS, CHARLES CALLAHAN,
critic, author, was born March 1, 1823,
in Boston, Mass. He was a prominent
art patron and critic of Boston; and the
author of Raphael and Michael Angelo;
Tuscan Sculptors; Italian Sculptors; His
torical Handbook of Italian Sculptors;
and History of the Boston Handel and
Haydn Society. He died Aug. 25, 1886, in
Windsor, Vt.
734
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PERKINS, CHARLES EDGAR, lawyer,
jurist, was born July 22, 1821, in Hart-
land, Vt. In 1856 he settled in Galesville,
Wis. ; has been registrar of deeds for
Trempealeau county, Wis., for six years;
was clerk of the court for four years;
county judge for seven years; county
clerk for two years; has been town clerk
of Galesville, Wis., and town clerk of
Arcadia, Wis.; and justice of the peace in
Galesville and Arcadia for fourteen years.
PERKINS, CHARLES ELLIOTT, rail
road president, was born Nov. 24, 1840,
in Cincinnati, Ohio. Since 1881 he has
been president of the Chicago, Burling
ton and Quincy railroad; and of the Bur
lington and Missouri River railroad in
Nebraska.
PERKINS, CHARLES HENRY, ma
chinist, inventor, was born Aug. 27, 1830,
in Taunton, Mass. In 1867 he discovered
an entirely new process for making
horseshoes, and commenced their manu
facture under the name of the Rhode
Island Horseshoe company, Providence,
R. I.
PERKINS, EDWIN HAZEN, musician,
composer, was born Sept. 28, 1840, in
Stockbridge, Mass. He has been a suc
cessful teacher of singing in Vermont
and Massachusetts, and is the author of
several compositions.
PERKINS, ELIAS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born April 5, 1767, in Nor
wich, Conn. He was a representative in
congress from Connecticut from 1801 to
1803. He was subsequently chosen judge
of the court for the county of New Lon
don, which office he held until he became
ineligible from his advanced years. He
was mayor of the city of New London
from 1829 to 1832. He died Sept. 27, 1845,
in New London, Conn.
PERKINS, ELIZA B., educator, minis
ter, was born May 17, 1849, in Indiana.
For many years she was engaged in edu
cational work. She subsequently entered
the ministry, and was the first woman
of the congregational church ordained in
Nebraska. Her whole time is now de
voted to ministerial work, and she fills
with distinction a pastorate in Hastings,
Neb.
PERKINS, MRS. ELMIRA [JOHN
SON], missionary, poet, was born in 1814
in Maine. She was a missionary among
the Indians in Oregon. Her later life was
passed in Boston. She was the author of
Harp of the Willows, a volume of verse.
She died in 1896.
PERKINS, FREDERIC BEECHER, li
brarian, author, was born Sept. 27, 1828,
in Hartford, Conn. He is a librarian;
and the author of Scrope, or the Lost Li
brary, a novel; Devil Puzzlers, and Other
Studies; My Three Conversations with
Miss'Chester; Life of Dickens; and Check
List of American Local History.
PERKINS, GEORGE CLEMENT, ban
ker, legislator, governor, United States
senator, was born in 1839, in Kennebunk-
port, Maine. At the
age of twelve years
he went to sea as a
cabin boy; followed
this calling and that
of a sailor for sev
eral years; and ,in
1855 shipped before
the mast on a sail
ing vessel bound for
San Francisco, Cal.
He engaged in busi
ness at Oroville and
was very successful;
and subsequently engaged in banking,
milling, mining, and the steamship busi
ness, in which he has been engaged dur
ing the past twenty-three years, operat
ing steamships on the coasts of Califor
nia, Oregon, Washington, British Colum
bia, Alaska and Mexico. In 1868 he was
elected to the state senate, serving eight
years. He has been president of the
Merchants' exchange in San Francisco.
In 1879 he was elected governor of Cali
fornia, serving until January, 1883. He
was appointed United States senator in
1893 to fill, until the election of his suc
cessor, the vacancy caused by the death
of Hon. Leland Stanford, and took his
seat Aug. 8, 1893. He was re-elected in
1897 for term ending in 1903.
PERKINS, GEORGE D., soldier, jour
nalist, state senator, congressman, was
born Feb. 29, 1840, in Holly. N. Y. He
moved to Sicux City, Iowa, in 1869, and
has been editor of the Journal since. He
was a member of the Iowa senate in 1874-
76; and was appointed United States mar
shal for the northern district of Iowa. He
was elected to the fifty-second, fifty-
third and fifty-fourth congresses and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
PERKINS, GEORGE HAMILTON, na
val officer, was born Oct. 20, 1836, in Hop-
kinton, N. H. He became lieutenant-com
mander in 1862. During 1865-66 he was
superintendent of ironclads in New Or
leans, and became commander in 1871. He
resides in Boston, Mass.: and his porlrait
hangs in the new library building of the
New Hampshire state capitol.
PERKINS, GEORGE. HENRY, naturalist,
author, was born Sept. 25, 1844, in East
Cambridge, Mass. He is a naturalist, state
entomologist of Vermont; and the author
of The Injurious Insects of Vermont;
and The Flora of Vermont.
PERKINS, GEORGE ROBERTS, educa
tor, mathematician, author, was born
May 3, 1812, in Otsego county, N. Y. He
was an educator of New York state, who
published Plane and Solid Geometry, and
other mathematical text-books. He died
Aug. 22, 1876, in Hartford, Conn.
PERKINS, HENRY BISHOP, financier,
state senator, was born March 1, 1824, in
Warren, Ohio. He is best known as presi
dent of the First National bank of War
ren, vice-president of the Republic Iron
company, and promoter of other indus
tries. In 1879 he was elected a member
of the Ohio state senate, and was re-elect
ed in 1881.
PERKINS, HENRY SOUTHWICK, mu
sician, was born March 20, 1833, in Stock-
bridge, Vt. Since 1872 he has lived in Chi
cago, 111., and in 1875-76 he visited Europe
for study. He has conducted more than two
hundred musical conventions and festi
vals in various parts of the United States,
is known as a composer of vocal music,
and has published a large number of mu
sic collections.
PERKINS, JABEZ, physician, surgeon,
legislator, was born Oct. 20, 1820, in De
fiance, Ohio. For ter, years he practiced
medicine in Spring-
\ ville, Mich., and since
1860 in Owosso. In
1862 he took charge
of a hospital in
Nash\ille; became
: surgeon of Kentucky
| volunteers; and med
ical director of the
second army corps.
and subsequently of
the cavalry corps,
army of the Cumber
land. During 1858-
59 he served with distinction as a repre
sentative in the Michigan state legisla
ture.
PERKINS, JACOB, mechanician, inven
tor, was born July 9, 1766, in Newbury-
port. Mass. Among his inventions is a
machine for cutting and heading nails at
a single operation. He was the origin
ator of using steel, instead of copper
plates, for engraving banknotes.
PERKINS, JAMES BRECK, lawyer, au
thor, was born Nov. 4, 1847, in St. Croix
Falls, Wis. He is a lawyer of Rochester,
N. Y.; and the author of France Under
Mazarin; France Under the Regency; and
France Under Louis XV.
PERKINS, JAMES HANDASYD, cler
gyman, author, was born July 31, 1810,
in Boston, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Cincinnati, very active in
the cause of prison discipline reform; and
the author of Annals of the West. He died
Dec. 14, 1849, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
PERKINS, JARED, state legislator,
congressman, was born in New Hamp
shire. He held the position of state coun
cilor from 1846 to 1849; was a state rep
resentative in 1850; was a representative
in congress from New Hampshire from
1851 to 1853. He died Oct. 14, 1854, in
Nashua, N. H.
PERKINS, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born July 1, 1819, in Louis
iana. He was chosen a judge of the cir
cuit court of Louisiana; and held this po
sition until elected to congress in 1853,
where he advocated democratic measures,
and remained until 1855.
PERKINS, JONATHAN COGSWELL,
lawyer, jurist, state senator, author, was
born Nov. 21, 1809, in Ipswich, Mass. He
piacticed successfully at Salem for thir
teen years, when he became judge of the
court of common pleas of Massachusetts.
He served in the state senate in 1846-48.
He assisted in editing Digest of De
cisions of the Courts of Common Law and
Admiralty. He died Dec. 12, 1877, in Sa
lem, Mass.
PERKINS, JUSTIN, missionary, author,
was born March 12, 1805, in West Spring
field, Mass. He was a congregational mis
sionary in Persia; and the author of Resi
dence of Eight Years in Persia; and Mis
sionary Life in Persia. He died Dec. 31,
1869, in Chicopee, Mass.
PERKINS, MAURICE, educator, author,
was born March 14, 1836, in New Lon
don, Conn. He was a professor of chem
istry at Union college; and is the author
of a Manual of Qualitative Analysis.
PERKINS, NATHAN, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 14, 1749, in Lisbon,
Conn. He was a minister of West Hart
ford Congregational church in 1772, where
he remained till his death. He published
Four Letters on the Anabaptists, a volume
of sermons; and thirteen occasional ser
mons and discourses. He died Jan. 18,
1838, in West Hartford.
PERKINS, ORSON, singer, composer,
was born Dec. 17, 1802, in Hartland, Vt.
He was a successful singing class teacher
for forty years, and a conspicuous choris
ter; and also a composer of church music.
He died April 17, 1882, in Taftsville, Vt.
PERKINS, SAMUEL, lawyer, author,
was born in 1767 in New Lisbon, Conn.
He was a lawyer of Windham, Conn.; and
the author of History of the Late War be
tween the United States and Great Brit
ain (1825); General Jackson's Conduct in
the Seminole War; and Historical
Sketches of the United States. He died
In September, 1850, in Windham, Conn.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPKi.
735
PERKINS, SAMUEL ELLIOTT, law
yer, jurist, author, was born Dec. 6, 1811,
in Brattleborough, Vt. He was judge of
the superior court of
Marion county, Ind.,
in 1873-76, and in
the latter year was
again placed on the
supreme bench, of
which he was chief
justice at his death.
He was professor of
law in the Northwes
tern Christian uni
versity, and editor
and proprietor of
The Jeffersonian, a
democratic paper, and published Digest of
the Decisions of the Supreme Court of In
diana. He died Dec. 17, 1879, in Indian
apolis, Ind.
PERKINS, SARAH MARIA CLINTON,
editor, lecturer, was born April 23, 1824,
near Cooperstown, N. Y. Early in life
she was engaged in educational work:
and subsequently married a New England
clergyman. For many years she was one
of the national organizers of the
Woman's Christian Temperance union;
has been district president, and filled
various other positions in reform asso
ciations. She is a brilliant lecturer, and
the editor of A True Republic, published
in Cleveland, Ohio.
PERKINS, SIMON, pioneer, was born
Sept. 17, 1771, in Norwich, Conn. He
was the first postmaster in the Western
Reserve, at Warren, Ohio, and was in
trusted with the arrangement of other
postoffices in that region. In 1807, at the
request of the government, he established
expresses through the Indian country to
Detroit. He died Nov. 19, 1844, in War
ren, Ohio.
PERKINS, WILLIAM OSCAR, musi
cian, composer, was born May 23, 1831,
in Stockbridge, Vt. He has taught voice
and harmony for many years in New
York city, and Is the author of a large
number of singing books.
PERKINS, WILLIAM RUFUS, educa
tor, author, was born in 1847 in Pennsyl
vania. He was an educator and poet, and
professor of history in the Iowa State
•university in 1887-95. He was the author
of two careful historical monographs,
History of the Trappist Abbey of New
Melleray; and History of the Amana
Society; and of Eleusis and Lesser Poems,
a striking collection of musical medita
tive verse. He died in 1895.
PERKINS, WILLIAM YOUNG, farmer,
mine owner, legislator, was born March 8,
1849, in Grayson county, Va. In 1866 he
moved to Texas, and there served two
years in the ranger service against the
Comanche Indians. In 1877 he was a
member of the famous Virginia state con
vention. In 1887 he moved to Idaho,
where he is a successful farmer and miner
at Soldier. In 1889 he was elected to the
territorial legislature; to the Idaho state
legislature in 1890-97; and took an import
ant part in the deliberations of that body.
He has been a member of nearly every
territorial and state convention in Idaho
since 1888.
PERLEY, IRA, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, "was born Nov. 9, 1799, in
Boxford, Mass. He was a member of the
New Hampshire state legislature. He
died Feb. 26, 1874, tn Concord, N. H.
PERLEY, SIDNEY, lawyer, author, was
born March 6, 1858, in Boxford, Mass.
He has written and compiled a number
of works on a great variety of topics,
among wiich are the following: History
of Boxford, Mass.; Goodridge Memorial;
Poets of Essex County, Mass.; Historic
Stories in New England; Principles of Law
of Interest; and Mortuary Law.
PEROT, THOMAS MORRIS, merchant,
philanthropist, was born May 8, 1828, ift
Philadelphia, Pa. He bore an active part
in founding the Woman's Medical college
in Philadelphia, the first institution of
the kind in the world, and has been for
many years its president.
PERRILL, AUGUSTUS L., congress
man, was born in Virginia. He was a
representative in congress from Ohio from
1845 to 1847.
PERRIN, ABNER MONROE, soldier,
was born in 1829 in Abbeville county,
S. C. He entered the confederate army
as captain of the fourteenth South Caro
lina \olunteers, and was promoted colo
nel in 1863, and brigadier-general in 1864,
with the command of an Alabama brig
ade. He died May 11, 1864, in Spottsyl-
vania, Va.
PERRIN, HENRY MARTIN, lawyer,
financier, jurist, legislator, was born June
23, 1830, in Berlin, Vt. He received his
education at the
Dartmouth college,
ij and the Albany Law
school. He was
known in his adopt
ed state as the poor
man's friend. He was
judge of probate, and
served with distinc
tion as a member of
the Michigan state
senate. He was a
successful financier
and real estate agent
of St. John's, Mich., where he died, Jan. 7,
1896; and at the time of his death he was
one of the oldest and most highly respect
ed members of the Clinton county bar.
PERRIN, RAYMOND S., author, was
born in 18 — . He was the author of The
Student's Dreams; and The Religion of
Philosophy, or the Unification of Knowl
edge.
PERRINE, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, educator, author, was born in 1827
in New York. He was a methodist cler
gyman, professor for some years in Al
bion college, Mich.; and the author of
The Principles of Church Government
with Special Application to the Polity of
Episcopal Methodism. He died in 1880.
PERRY, AMOS, author, was born Aug.
12, 1812, in South Natick, Mass. He is a
Providence writer, who was superinten
dent of the state census in 1865; and is the
author of Carthage and Tunis.
PERRY, ARTHUR LATHAM, educator,
author, was born Feb. 27, 1830, in Lyme,
N. H. He is a professor of history and
political economy at Williams college
from 1853, and a prominent advocate of
free trade. He is the author of Elements
of Political Economy; Introduction to Po
litical Economy; Principles of Political
Economy; and Origins of Williamstown.
PERRY, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, law
yer, governor, author, was born May 20,
1805, in Pendleton district, S. C. He en
tered upon the practice of law in Green
ville, S. C.; and in 1835 was elected a
state senator. After the close of the war
he was elected governor of South Caro
lina. In 1870 he was elected United States
senator, but was not permitted to take
his seat; and in 1872 was elected a rep
resentative in congress, but was again
refused admission to a congressional seat.
He was the author of Reminiscences of
Public Men; and Sketches of Eminent
Statesmen. He died Dec. 3, 1886, near
Greenville, S. C.
PERRY, BLISS, educator, author, was
born Nov. 25, 1860, in Williamstown.
Mass. He now holds a professorship in
the Princeton university. He is the au
thor of The Plated City; Salem Kittredge,
and Other Stories; and The Broughton
House. He has edited Selections from
Burke, and Scott's Woodstock and Ivan-
hoe.
PERRY, CHARLES W., merchant, man
ufacturer, state legislator, was born Jan.
9, 1845, in Ludlow, Vt. Since 1872 he has
been a merchant and manufacturer of
Pierport, Mich.; and since 1895 has served
two terms as a member of the Michigan
state legislature.
PERRY, CHARLOTTE AUGUSTA, au
thor, poet, was born in 1848 in Wiscon
sin. She is a poet of Milwaukee; and
the author of Carlotta Perry's Poems.
PERRY, EDWARD AYLESWORTH,
soldier, lawyer, go\ernor, was born March
15, 1833, in Richmond, Mass. At the
commencement of the civil war he en
tered the confederate service as captain;
and was afterward commissioned as brig
adier-general. He was elected governor of
Florida for the term of four years, from
January, 1885. He died Oct. 15. 1889. in
Kerrville, Texas.
PERRY, EDWARD DELEVAN, educa
tor, author, was born in 1854 in New
York. He is a professor of Sanskrit in
Columbia college; and the author of Indra
in the Rigveda; and A Sanskrit Primer.
PERRY, ELI, banker, congressman, was
born Dec. 25, 1799, in Cambridge, N. Y.
He received a good education, . com
menced business as a
dealer in provisions,
and continued it for
twenty-five years. He
was elected alder
man and member of
the assembly of the
state. In 1851 he
was elected mayor of
Albany, which office
he held twelve years.
He was elected a rep
resentative from New
York to the forty-
second and forty-third congresses. He
died May 17, 1864, in Albany, N. Y.
PERRY, ELMER ARTHUR, educator,
lawyer, legislator, was born March 31, 1861,
in Mt. Sterling, III. He was city attorney
for Mt. Sterling, 111., for three terms;
and served as a member of the thirty-
ninth and fortieth general assemblies of
the Illinois state legislature.
PERRY, ENOCH WOOD, artist, was
born July 31, 1831, in Boston, Mass. He
exhibited first in the Academy of Design
in 1858, was elected an associate in 1868,
and academician in 1869. Among his
genre pictures are The Weaver; Fire
side Stories; Lost Art; and Thanksgiv
ing Time.
PERRY, JOHN J., lawyer, state legis
lator, state senator, congressman, was
born Aug. 2, 1811, in Portsmouth, N. H.
He was elected to the Maine legislature in
1839, 1842 and 1843; and was afterward,
for seven years, major-general of the
Maine militia. In 1846 and 1847 he was
elected to the state senate; and was a
representative in congress from 1855 to
1857. He was elected a representative
from Maine to the thirty-sixth congress.
PERRY, MRS. LILLA CABOT, author.
She published a volume entitled The
Heart of the Weed.
PERRY, MADISON S., governor. He
was governor of Florida from 1857 to
1861.
736
IIERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PERRY, MARY ALICE, author, was
born in 1854 in Massachusetts. She is a
writer of fiction; and the author of ne
ther Pennefather; and More Ways Than
One. She died in 1883.
PERRY, MATTHEW CALBRAITH, na
val officer, was born about 1821. He was
made a lieutenant in 1848, and served for
several years on the coast survey. After
\arious services he was placed on the re
tired list, receiving his commission as
captain in 1867. He died Nov. 16, 1873, in
New York city.
PERRY, NEHEMIAH, manufacturer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
March 30, 1816, in Ridgefield, Conn. He
was for many years the presiding member
of the common council of Newark, N. .1.;
and served a number of years in the leg
islature of that state. He was elected a
representative from New Jersey to the
thirty-seventh congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-eighth congress.
PERRY, NORA, author, poet, was born
in 1741 in Massachusetts. Her poems in
clude After the Ball, and Other Poems;
Her Lover's Friend, and Other Poems;
New Songs and Ballads; and Legends and
Lyrics. She was the author of The Trag
edy of the Unexpected, and Other Stor
ies; For a Woman, a novel; The Young
est Miss Lorton, and Other Stories; A
Book of Love Stories; A Rosebud Gar
den of Girls; A Flock of Girls and Their
Friends; A Flock of Girls and Boys; An
other Flock of Girls; Three Little Daugh
ters of the Revolution; and Hope Ben-
ham. She died in 1896.
PERRY, OLIVER HAZARD, naval offi
cer, was born Aug. 23, 1785, in South
Kingston, R. I. Perry's victory in the bat
tle of Lake Erie,
Sept. 10, 1813, with
his laconic dispatch
to Gen. Harrison, We
have met the enemy
and they are ours,
makes his name one
to glitter on the paga
of American history.
He was greatly hon
ored for what he ac-
c o m p 1 i s h e d, the
United States con
gress voting him
thankK. a medal and the rank of captain.
He died Aug. 23. 1819, on the Island of
Trinidad. A granite obelisk was erected
to his memory by the state of Rhode Is
land.
PERRY, RUFUB LEWIS, clergyman,
linguist, author, was born in 1833 in
Tennessee. He was a baptist clergyman
of African descent, widely known as a lin
guist. Among his various writings in The
Cushite, or the Children of Ham as seen
by Ancient Historians and Poets. He died
in 1895.
PERRY, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in Maryland. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1845 to 1847; and was a circuit
judge from 1851 to 1861, and from 1864
to 1871. He died June 27, 1871, in Cum
berland, Md.
PERRY, THOMAS SERGEANT, educa
tor, author, was born Jan. 23, 1845, in
Newport, R. I. He is an educator of Bos
ton; and the author of English Literature
in the Eighteenth Century; Life of Lie-
ber; From Opitz to Lessing. a Study of
Pseudo-Classicism in Literature; The
Evolution of the Snob; and History of
Greek Literature.
PERRY, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist. In
1790 he was appointed an associate justice
of the United States court for the terri
tory lying south of the Ohio river.
PERRY, WILLIAM, manufacturer, sur
geon, physician, was born Dec. 20, 1788,
in Norton, Mass. He discovered the true
character of British gum, or charred po
tato starch, which was formerly used large
ly as sizing in cotton mills, and liable to
heavy duty. He engaged in its manufac
ture at Exeter from 1828 till 1835. He
died Jan. 11. 1887, in Exeter, N. H.
PERRY, WILLIAM F., railroad presi
dent, was born Feb. 1. 1826, in Bridg-
ton, Maine. Since 1882 he has been presi
dent of the Bridgton and Saco River rail
road.
PERRY, WILLIAM HAYNE, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born June 9, 1837, in Greenville, S. C. He
entered the confederate army in 1861 and
served throughout the war, being promot
ed to first lieutenant and adjutant. He was
a representative in the South Carolina
state legislature; and in 1868 was elected
solicitor of the western circuit and served
four years. In 1880 he was elected state
senator and served four years. In 1884
he was elected a representative from South
Carolina to the forty-ninth congress; and
was re-elected to the fiftieth and fifty-
first congresses as a democrat.
PERRY, WILLIAM STEVENS, bishop,
author, was born Jan. 22, 1832, in Rhode
Island. He is the second protestant epis
copal bishop of Iowa; and prominent
among high churchmen. He is the au
thor of The Documentary History of the
Protestant Episcopal Church; The His
tory of the American Episcopal Church;
Life Lessons from the Book of Proverbs;
Some Summer Days Abroad; The General
Ecclesiastical Constitution of the Ameri
can Church; and The American Episco
pate.
PERSHING, DANIEL H., railroad presi
dent, was born May 25, 1831, in Fayette
county. Pa. Since 1881 he has been pres
ident of the Greenlick railway at Stauffer,
Pa.
PERSONS, HENRY, soldier, agricultur
ist, congressman, was born in 1834 in
Monroe county, Ga. He devoted his atten
tion to agriculture; served in the confed
erate army as captain; and was elected
a representative from Georgia to the for
ty-sixth congress as a democrat.
PETER, GEORGE, soldier, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Sept. 28,
1779, in Georgetown. Md. He entered
the United States army in 1799, and re
signed in 1809; and served as major of
\olunteers during the war of 1812. He was
a representative in congress from Mary
land from 1816 to 1819, and again from
1825 to 1827. He was twice elected to
the state legislature, and also served the
public as commissioner of public works
for the state of Maryland. He died June
22, 1861, in Montgomery county, Md.
PETER, ROBERT, chemist, author, was
born Jan. 21, 1805, in England. In 1832
he delivered a course of chemical lec
tures at the Eclectic institute of Lexing
ton, Conn., where he filled the chair of
chemistry. During the civil war he was a
surgeon in charge of the United States
general hospitals in Lexington. He is the
author of A Digest of the Report of the
Geological Surveys of Arkansas; and
other geological works.
PETER, SARAH, philanthropist, was
born May 16, 1800, in Valley Mills, Ohio.
She founded the School of Design for Wo
men in Philadelphia, which was opened
in 1850, and bestowed her wealth on many
charitable institutions. She established
se\eral sisterhoods in Cincinnati, and
founded convents in Philadelphia. She
died Feb. 6, 1877, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
PETERKIN, GEORGE WILLIAM, bish
op of West Virginia, was born March 21.
1841, in Washington county, Md. He was
elected first bishop of West Virginia, and
was consecrated in St. Matthew's church,
Wheeling, Va.. on May 30. 1878. The
bishop has published several occasional
sermons and addresses.
PETERS, ALICE E. HECKLER, edu
cator, poet, was born March 30, 1845. in
Dayton, Ohio. For many years she taught
private classes; has
been a regular news
paper contributor;
and a pcet of rare
genius. She has been
the secretary of the
Woman's Foreign
Missionary society;
treasurer of the Ohio
Methodist Episcopal
Conference Home
Missionary society;
secretary of the Wo
man's Relief corps;
and an indefatigab'e
worker in religious, reform and social
work.
PETERS. BERNARD, journalist, was
born in October, 1827, in Germany. In
1868 he bought a half interest in the
Brooklyn Times; six years later came in
control of the paper.
PETERS, CHRISTIAN HENRY FRED
ERICK, astronomer, author, was born
Sept. 19, 1813. He was a German astron
omer, director of the observatory at
Hamilton college in 1858-90, and discover
ed o\ er forty asteroids. He was the au
thor of Celestial Charts. He died in 1890.
PETERS, EDWARD DYER, metallur
gist, author, was born June 1, 1849, in
Dorchester, Mass. He is a metallurgist
who has published Modern American
Methods of Copper Smelting.
PETERS. GEORGE NATHANIEL HEN
RY, clergyman, author, was born Nov. 30,
1825, in New Berlin, Pa. He is a lutheran
minister of Ohio; and the author of The
Theocratic Kingdom of Christ.
PETERS, HUGH, poet, was born Jan.
30, 1807, in Hebron, Conn. He wrote a
series of humorous Yankee lyrics, which
were printed in the New England Week
ly Review. His farewell to Connecticut,
written on Long Island scund, and en
titled My Native Land, is considered his
best poem. He died June 9, 1831, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio.
PETERS, JOHN A., lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Oct. 9, 1822,
in Ellsworth, Maine. In 1862 and 1863 he
was elected to the senate of Maine; in
1864 was elected to the house of represen
tatives; and at the close of 1864 and also
in 1865 and 1866 was elected by the legis
lature attorney-general of the state. He
was elected a representative from Maine
to the fortieth congress; was re-elected to
the forty-first and forty-second congresses
as a republican.
PETERS, JOHN CHARLES, physician,
author, was born July 6, 1819, in New
York city. He was a physician of New
York city of note as a bacteriologist; and
the author of Diseases of the Brain and
Nervous System; Diseases of Women;
Diseases of the Eye; Notes on Asiatic
Cholera; and A New Materia Medica. He
died in 1893.
PETERS, JOHN S., state legislator, gov
ernor, was born in 1778 in Connecticut.
He was several years in the state legis
lature; was lieutenant-governor from 1827
to 1831; and was governor of Connecticut
from 1831 to 1833. He died April 1. 1858,
in Hebron, Conn.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
737
PETERS, JOHN THOMPSON, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 11, 1765, in Hebron,
Conn. In 1813 he was appointed collec
tor of revenue, and in 1818 was made
judge of the state supreme court, which
office he held for many years. He died
Aug. 28, 1834, in Hartford, Conn.
PETERS, MADISON C., clergyman, ora
tor, author, was born Nov. 6, 1859, in
Lehigh county. Pa. At the age of twen
ty-three he filled the pastorate of one of
the oldest presbyterian churches in Phila
delphia; and five years later was called
to the Bloomingdale Reformed church of
New York city, and his congregation is
composed of twelve different denomina
tions. This popular preacher and bril
liant orator is the author of Sanctified
Spice; Empty Pews; The Path of Glory;
Popular Sins; Wrongs to \>e Righted: and
several other works.
PETERS, MASON SUMMERS, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 3, 1844, in
Clay county. Mo. He moved in 1886 to
Wyandotte county, Kas., where he now
resides; and was elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a democrat-populist.
PETERS, MATTHEW H., soldier, jour
nalist, poet, legislator, was born June 6
1843, in Rhenish, Bavaria. He was brought
to this country when an infant, and has
grown up thoroughly imbued with the
spirit of American institutions. He served
four years as a union soldier during the
civil war; was twice severely wounded;
rising from the rank of a private to the
rank of major in his regiment — the sev
enty-fourth Ohio. He has served one
term in the Illinois legislature, and was
mayor of Watseka for four years. In 1872
he founded the Iroquois County Times of
Watseka, 111.; and his poems have been
given a place in Poets of America and
other standard works.
PETERS, MOSES A., clergyman, edu
cator, was born June 8, 1851, near Slat-
ington, Pa. After receiving a liberal edu
cation he taught in
the public schools. In
1870 he was graduat
ed from the Classical
Preparatory course,
Kingston, Pa.; and
four years later was
graduated from Ursi-
nus college. He then
entered the Yale Di
vinity school, grad
uating therefrom in
1877. During 1877-
80 he served as pas
tor of St. John's Reformed church of Ham
burg, Pa.; was a delegate to the Robert
Raikes' centenary, held in London in
1880; and served as professor of natural
science and languages in Galesville univer
sity, Wis., during 1881-87. He then studied
abroad in Edinburgh and Berlin universi
ties. During 1888-93 he was professor of
chemistry and natural history in Ursinus
college; and since 1889 has occupied the
chairof NewTestament literature and exe
gesis. He has also taught the history of
philosophy in the same institution. He
has translated into English Rev. Otto
Thelemann's Commentary on the Heidel
berg Catechism.
PETERS, MRS. PHILLIS [WHEAT -
LEY], author, poet, was born in 1754 in
Senegal. She was a verse writer of Af
rican birth brought to Boston in child
hood as a slave. Poems on Various Oc
casions, Religious and Moral, appeared in
London in 1772, and won a fleeting popu
larity there, the author being regarded
as a prodigy. She died in 1784.
47
PETERS, RICHARD, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, author, was born
June 22, 1744, in Belmont, Pa. He was a
delegate to the continental congress from
1782 to 1783. He was judge of the district
court of Pennsylvania which situation he
occupied until his death. He was first
president of the company who built the
permanent bridge over the Schuylkill at
Philadelphia; and in 1797 published his
experiments in agriculture and improve
ments in American husbandry. He died
Aug. 22, 1828, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PETER£, RICHARD, lawyer, author,
was born in August, 1780, in Belmont, Pa.
He succeeded Henry Wheaton as repor-
tei of the United States supreme court. He
edited Chitty on Bills of Exchange; and
Bushrod Washington's Circuit Court Re
ports. He died May 2, 1848, in Belmont,
Pa.
PETERS, RICHARD, railroad president,
was born Nov. 10, 1810, in Germantown,
Pa. In 1870 he organized and became
president of the Atlanta Street railway.
PETERS, SAMUEL ANDREW, clergy
man, author, was born in 1735 in Con
necticut. He was an episcopal clergy
man of Hartford who published a famous
General History of Connecticut by a Gen
tleman of that Province, a curious satiri
cal production, to which may be traced
the well known fable of the Connecticut
Blue Laws. Other works of his include
a Life of Rev. Hugh Peters; and History
of Hebron, Connecticut. He died in 1826.
PETERS, SAMUEL RITTER, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, state senator, congressman,
was born Aug. 16, 1842, in Pickaway coun
ty, Ohio. He moved to Kansas in 1873,
and engaged in the practice of law at
Marion Centre. He was elected state sen
ator in 1874; in 1875 was appointed judge
of the ninth judicial district; and in the
succeeding November was elected to the
same position, and was re-elected in 1879.
He moved to Newton in 1876; was elected
a representative from Kansas to the for
ty-eighth congress; and was re-elected to
the forty-ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first con
gresses as a republican.
PETERS, WILLIAM GUMMING, musi
cian, composer, was born March 10, 1805,
in England. He compiled numerous col
lections of music, including The Catholic
Harmonist; and Catholic Harp; .and sys
tems of instruction for the voice and dif
ferent instruments, among them the Eclec
tic Piano Instructor. He died April 20,
1866, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
PETERSEN, ERASMUS SMITH, law
yer, jurist, was born Dec. 24, 1863, in
Norway. He is a successful lawyer of
Park River, N. D.; has been county judge;
and takes an active part in political af
fairs.
PETERSILEA, CARLYLE, musician,
was born Jan. 14, 1844, in Boston, Mass.
Since 1886 he has taught in the New Eng
land Conservatory of Music. He is the au
thor of an original piano system; and has
also invented a mute piano for practice.
PETERSON, ARTHUR, naval officer,
poet, was born Sept. 20, 1851, in Ger
mantown, Pa. He is a naval officer who
has published Songs of New Sweden.
PETERSON, CHARLES JACOBS, pub
lisher, author, was born July 20, 1819, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia
publisher and novelist, and the founder of
Peterson's Magazine. He was the author
of Kate Aylesford; Cruising in the Last
War; Military Heroes of the United
States; Grace Dudley, or Arnold at Sara
toga; Mabel, or Darkness and Dawn; and
The Old Stone Mansion. He died March
4, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PETERSON, FREDERICK, physician,
poet, was born in 1859 in Minnesota. He
is a physician and poet; and the author
of Poems and Swedish Translations; and
In the Shade of Ygdrasil.
PETERSON, HENRY, journalist, poet,
was born Dec. 7, 1818, in Philadelphia. Pa.
He was a Philadelphia poet, and editor
for many years of The Saturday Evening
Post. He was the author of The Modern
Job, and Other Poems; Faire-Mount; Bes
sie's Lovers; and Ceesar, a Dramatic
Study. He died in 1891.
PETERSON, ROBERT EVANS, author,
was born Nov. 12, 1812. in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a Philadelphia writer whose
principal work is The Roman Catholic
not the Only True Religion. He died in
1894.
PETERSON, SARAH WEBB, journal
ist, poet, was born Nov. 9, 1829, in Wil
mington, Del. She edited The Lady's
Friend for ten years; and has written sev
eral poems.
PETERSON, THEODORE, clergyman,
was born July 4, 1873, in Sweden. He
graduated from the Theological seminary
and the Northwestern university of Ev-
anston, 111., and is now a successful cler
gyman of Braddock, Pa.
PETERSON, THEOPHILUS BEASLEY,
publisher, was born Feb. 14, 1821, in Phila
delphia, Pa. His first publication was is
sued in 1846, being a reprint of Lady
Charlotte Bury's novel The Divorced. In
1858 he admitted his brothers, George W.
and Thomas, into partnership, under the
firm name of T. B. Peterson and Brothers.
His firm has also made a specialty of pub
lishing cook-books.
PETRIE, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1847
to 1849.
PETRIKEN, DAVID, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1837 to 1841. He died Jan. 3, 1849.
PETTEE, OTIS, inventor, railroad pres
ident, was born March 5, 1795, in Foxbor-
otigh, Mass. He made several inventions
in cotton machinery, notably in roving
frames or double speeders, by introduc
ing a geared cone, with gears arranged in
a hyperbolic series. In 1848 he became
president of the Charles River railroad,
which place he filled until his death. He
died Feb. 12, 1853, in Newton Upper Falls,
Mass.
PETTEE, WILLIAM HENRY, mining
engineer, educator, was born Jan. 13,
1838, in Newton Upper Falls, Mass. In 1875
he was called to the university of Michi
gan, where he has since remained, and
now fills the chair of mineralogy, eco
nomic geology, and mining engineering.
PETTEES, JOHN J., soldier, governor.
He was governor of Mississippi from 1860
to 1862; and was a brigadier-general in
the confederate service. He was killed
July 20, 1864, in the battle of Peach
Creek.
PETTIBONE, AUGUSTUS H., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Jan. 21,
1835, in Bedford, Ohio. He commenced
the practice of law in La Crosse, Wis.;
served in the union army from 1861 to
1865, rising to the rank of major. He set
tled in Tennessee; was elected attorney-
general for the first judicial circuit; and
was a presidential elector in 1868 and
1876. He was assistant United States dis
trict attorney for several years; and was
elected a representative from Tennessee to
the forty-seventh, forty-eighth and forty-
ninth congresses as a republican.
738
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PETTIGREW, CHARLES, clergyman,
•was born in 1748 in Pennsylvania. In
1790 he took some steps toward organiz
ing the episcopal church in North Caro
lina. In 1794 a convention was held in
Tarboro, a constitution was framed and
adopted, and Mr. Pettigrew was elected
bishop. He died April 7, 1807, in Tyrrel
county, N. C.
PETTIGREW, EBENEZER, congress
man, was born March 10. 1783, near Eden-
ton, N. C. He was a representative in
congress from North Carolina from 1835
to 1837. He died July 8, 1848, in Mag
nolia, N. C.
PETTIGREW, RICHARD FRANKLIN,
lawyer, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born in July, 1848, in Ludlow,
Vt. He went to Dakota in 1869 in the
employ of a United States deputy survey
or; located in Sioux Falls, where he en
gaged in the surveying and real estate
business. He opened a law office in 1872,
and has been in the practice of his profes
sion since. He was elected to the Dakota
legislature as a member of the council in
1877 and re-elected in 1879. He was elected
to the forty-seventh congress as delegate
from Dakota territory; and was elected to
the territorial council of 1884-85. He was
elected United States senator in 1889, and
took his seat Dec. 2; was re-elected in
1895.
PETTINGILL, AMOS, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born Aug. 9, 1780, in
Salem, N. H. He was a methodist clergy
man and educator of Connecticut; and
the author of View of the Heavens; and
The Spirit of Methodism. He died Aug.
17, 1830, in Salem Bridge, Conn.
PETTINGILL, JOHN HANCOCK, cler
gyman, author, was born May 11, 1815, in
Manchester, Vt. He was a congregational
clergyman in Ohio, widely known as an
earnest believer in conditional immortal
ity. He was the author of The Theologi
cal Trilemma; Platonism versus Chris
tianity; Bible Terminology; Life Ever
lasting; The Unspeakable Gift; and Views
and Reviews in Eschatology. He died Feb.
27, 1887, in New Haven, Conn.
PETTIS, S. NEWTON, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1828 in Ashta-
bula county, Ohio. In 1861 he was ap
pointed a justice of the United States
court for Colorado; before the close of
that year he resigned, and came to Penn
sylvania. He was subsequently elected
a representative from that state to the
fortieth congress to fill a vacancy; and
in 1878 he was appointed minister resident
to Bolivia, remaining there until 1880.
PETTIS, SPENCER, lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1802 in Virginia. He
was elected a representative in congress
from Virginia, serving from 1829 to 1831.
He died Aug. 26, 1831, in St. Louis.
PETTIT, CHARLES, soldier, lawyer,
merchant, state legislator, congressman,
was born in 1736 near Amwell, N. J. He
was in the continental congress from 1785
to 1787; and an advocate for the adoption
of the federal constitution in the general
convention at Harrisburg. He died Sept. 4,
1806, in Philadelphia.
PETTIT, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
June 24, 1807, in Sackett's Harbor, N. Y.
He was a member of the Indiana state
legislature; and United States district at
torney. He served in the house of repre
sentatives in congress from 1843 to 1847;
and in the United States senate from
1853 to 1855. He was a presidential elec
tor in 1852; and in 1859 was appointed
chief justice of the federal courts of Kan
sas. He died Jan. 17, 1877, in Lafayette.
PETTIT. JOHN U., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in New York. He
was appointed judge of the Upper Wabash
circuit court of Indiana. He was elected
to congress as a representative from that
state in 1854; and was re-elected to the
thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth congresses.
PETTIT, THOMAS McKEAN, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Dec. 26, 1797, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was city solicitor of
Philadelphia in 1820, and shortly after
ward was deputy state attorney-general.
He was in the legislature in 1830-31; asso
ciate judge of the district court in 1832-
35; and its presiding judge for the next
ten years, subsequently declining further
service. In 1853 he became director of the
United States mint, which post he held
for a month before his death. He died
May 30, 1853, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PETTUS, EDMUND WINSTON, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, United States senator,
was born July 6, 1821, in Limestone coun
ty, Ala. He was elected judge of the
seventh circuit of Alabama in 1855, but
resigned that office in 1858, and removed
to Dallas county, where he now resides.
In 1861 he went into the confederate army
as major of the twentieth Alabama in
fantry; and in 1863 was made a brigadier-
general of infantry, and served till the
close of the war. He was elected by the
legislature of Alabama United States sen
ator for the term commencing March 4,
1897.
PETZEL, ERNST AUGUST EDWARD,
educator, lecturer, author, was born July
12, 1866, in Koenigsberg, Prussia. At
the age of sixteen he
entered the univer
sity of Watertown,
Wis. ; and subse
quently studied in
H Berlin. After receiv-
• ing his degree of Ph.
D., he returned to
America, and has
since held several
honorable professor
ships in the leading
institutions. In 1894
he was called to the
chair of philosophy and Teutonic langua
ges in the Augustana college of Canton, S.
D. He has devoted much time to literary
pursuits— in writing poetry, stories, scien
tific articles and translating from German
into English, and English into German.
He is a great student and a brilliant lec
turer.
PEYTON, BAILIE, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 26, 1803, in Sum-
ner county, Tenn. He was a represen
tative in congress from Tennessee from
1833 to 1837. In 1849 he was appointed
minister to Chili; and was subsequently
elected United States district attorney for
Louisiana. In 1861 he was a presiden
tial elector for the state of Tennessee;
and subsequently served in the confeder
ate army during the war of the rebellion.
He died Aug. 19, 18<S, in Gallatin, Tenn.
PEYTON, EPHRAIM GEOFFREY, law--
yer, jurist, state legislator, was born Oct.
20, 1802, near Elizabethtown, Ky. He
settled in Gallatin, Miss.; served one
term in the legislature; and was appointed
a judge of the state supreme court in
1868; and was chief justice from 1870 till
his retirement in 1875. He died Sept. 5,
1876, in Jackson, Miss.
PEYTON, JOHN LEWIS, lawyer,
author, was born Sept. 15, 1824, in Staun-
ton, Va. He is a lawyer of Staunton, Va.,
who served as an officer in the confeder
ate service. He is the author of Adven
tures of my Grandfather: History of Au
gusta County. Virginia; The American
Crisis; Over the Alleghanies; and Me
morials of Nature and Art.
PEYTON, JOHN ROWZE, soldier, was
born Oct. 19, 1754, in Stony Hill, Va. He
served through the civil war, winning
the sobriquet of Hero Boy of '76. He died
in 1798 in Stony Hill, Va.
PEYTON, JOSEPH H., state senator,
congressman, was born in 1813 in Sumner
county, Tenn. He was frequently elected
to the senate of Tennessee; and was a
representative in congress from 1843 to
1845. He died Nov. 12, 1845, in Sumner
county, Tenn.
PEYTON, ROBERT LUDWELL YATES,
lawyer, jurist, was born in 1825 in Loudoun
county. Va. In 1855 he was elected to
the Missouri state senate; and in 1861
was a member of the confederate senate.
He died in 1863.
PEYTON, SAMUEL O., physician, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1804
in Bullitt county, Ky. In 1835 he was elect
ed to the state legislature; was a repre
sentative in congress from Kentucky from
1847 to 1849; and was also elected to the
thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth congresses.
He died in January, 1870, in Hartford,
Ky.
PFEIFER, WILLIAM, farmer, legisla
tor, was born March 29, 1863, in
Washington county, Wis. He is a
successful farmer of Douglas county, S.
D.; was elected justice of the peace in
1894; and in 1896 was elected a represen
tative in the South Dakota state legisla
ture.
PFEIFFER, CARL, architect, was born
in 1834 in Germany. He established him
self as an architect in New York city in
1864, and became eminent. Among the
New York buildings that were designed
or erected by him are the Church of the
Messiah, the Roosevelt and City hospitals,
the Berkshire apartment-house, and the
Fifth Avenue Presbyterian church. He
died April 27, 1888, in Washington, D. C.
PFRIMMER, WILL W., public official,
lecturer, poet, was born Jan. 27, 1856, in
Metropolis City, 111. He was elected to
the office of superintendent of schools in
Metropolis City, 111. He is a popular lec
turer before teachers' institutes. He has
published one volume of poems, Drift
wood, which found favorable reception. It
is now in its second edition.
PHALEN, FRANK LOWE, clergyman,
lecturer, was born May 9, 1859, in Will-
iamstown, N. Y. During 1896-98 he was
chaplain of the New Hampshire legisla
ture; and has been secretary of the New
Hampshire Unitarian association.
PHELAN, JAMES, lawyer, journalist,
congressman, author, was born Dec. 7,
1856, in Aberdeen, Miss. He was a Mem
phis lawyer and journalist; and served as
a representative in the fiftieth and fifty-
first congresses as a democrat. He was
the author of Philip Massinger and his
Plays; and History of Tennessee. He died
Jan. 30, 1891, in Bahama Islands.
PHELAN, JOHN DENNIS, journalist,
lawyer, jurist, educator, state legislator,
was born March 23, 1809, in New Bruns
wick, N. J. He became editor of the Hunts-
ville Democrat; was in the Alabama legis
lature in 1833-b.-- attorney general of the
state in 1836; speaker of the house in 1839;
and a judge of the circuit court in 1841-51.
He was then elevated to the supreme
bench, held office for two years, and again
in 1863-65. He became professor of law in
the university of the South in 1869, hold
ing the chair till his death. He died Sept.
9, 1879, in Birmingham, Ala.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
739
PHELPS, ABNER, physician, author,
was born Sept. 5, 1799, in Belchertown,
Mass. He published the Crucifixion of
Christ, Anatomically Considered. He died
Feb. 4, 1873, in Boston, Mass.
PHELPS, ALFRED C., soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born Dec. 4, 1842, in Wood-
ville, Miss. During the civil war he served
as first lieutenant of company I, ninety-
third United States colored infantry, and
in 1877 was elected a member of the state
legislature of Colorado. For nearly a
quarter of a century he has been a mem
ber of the firm of Benedict and Phelps of
Denver, Col., of which city he was city
attorney in 1877-78.
PHELPS, MRS. ALMIRA (HART)
(LINCOLN), educator, author, was born
July 15, 1793, in Berlin, Conn. She was
a noted educator of Baltimore who pub
lished many text-books on the natural
sciences. Among her works are, Geology
for Beginners; Christian Households; Ida
Norman, a tale; Familiar Lectures on
Botany; and Hours with My Pupils. She
died July 15, 1884, in Baltimore, Md.
PHELPS, AMOS AUGUSTUS, clergy
man, author, was born in 1805 in Farm-
ington, Conn. He edited the Emancipa
tion, and was secretary of the American
Anti-Slavery society for several years.
He published Lectures on Slavery and
Its Remedy; Book of the Sabbath; and
Letters to Dr. Bacon and to Dr. Stowe.
He died Sept. 12, 1847, in Roxbury, Mass.
PHELPS, AUSTIN, clergyman, educat
or, author, was born Jan. 7, 1820, in
Brookfield, Mass. He was a congrega
tional clergyman of Andover, Mass., and
professor of sacred rhetoric in the Theo
logical seminary there in 1848-79. He
was the author of The Still Hour; The
New Birth; The Theory of Preaching;
English Style in Public Discourse; The
Solitude of Christ; Studies of the Old
Testament; Men and Books; My Study,
and Other Essays; My Portfolio; and My
Note-Book. He died Oct. 13, 1890, in Bar
Harbor, Maine.
PHELPS, CHARLES EDWARD, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born May 1,
1833, in Guilford, Vt. He was elected a
representative from Maryland to the thir
ty-ninth congress, and was, subsequently,
commissioned a brigadier-general for gal
lant conduct at the battle of Spottsylvan-
ia. He was re-elected to the fortieth con
gress, and in 1864 was one of a commis
sion to revise the militia laws of Mary
land.
PHELPS, DARWIN, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in East
Granby, Conn. In 1855 he was elected to
the Pennsylvania state legislature, and in
1868 was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-first congress
as a republican.
PHELPS, DRYDEN WILLIAM, clergy
man, poet, was born in New Haven, Conn.
He has filled pastorates in the baptist
churches of Wilmington, Vt. ; and is the
author of a number of poems.
PHELPS, EDWARD JOHN, lawyer, ed
ucator, public official, was born July 11,
1822, in Middlebury, Vt. He was second
comptroller of the United States treasury
from 1851 to 1853; was a member of the
Vermont constitutional convention In
1870; and was elected president of the
American Bar association in 1880. He be
came professor of law in Yale college in
1881, and in 1885 was appointed envoy
extraordinary and minister plenipoten
tiary of the United States to Great Britain.
PHELPS, ELISHA, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Nov. 7, 1779,
in Simsbury, Conn. He was several times
a member of the house of representatives
and of the senate of his native state;
and was speaker of the house of represent
atives in the legislature in 1821 and 1829.
He was a representative in congress from
Connecticut from 1819 to 1821, and also
from 1825 to 1829. He was comptroller of
the state from 1830 to 1834, and in 1835
was appointed one of the commissioners
to revise the statutes of Connecticut. He
died April 18, 1847, in Simsbury, Conn.
PHELPS, MRS. ELIZABETH (STU
ART), author, was born Aug. 13, 1815, in
Andover, Mass. She was a writer whose
Sunnyside, and A Peep at Number Five,
stories descriptive of clerical life, were
once widely popular. She wrote, also,
Last Sheaf from Sunnyside, and a num
ber of Sunday-school tales, the latter over
the signature H. Trusta. She died Nov.
30, 1852, in Boston, Mass.
PHELPS, GEORGE DWIGHT, philan
thropist, was born in 1803 in Simsbury,
Conn. He was the first president of the
New York Young Men's society, which
was founded in 1831, and was the pre
cursor of the Young Men's Christian asso
ciation. He died Aug. 31, 1872, in New
York city.
PHELPS, GEORGE MAY, inventor,
was born March 19, 1820, in Watervliet,
N. Y. His most valuable invention was
the motor-printer, which is now in use
on the lines of the Western Union Tele
graph company. He died May 18, 1888, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
PHELPS, GUY ROWLAND, capitalist,
was born in April, 1802, in Simsbury,
Conn. In 1846 he founded the Connecti
cut Mutual Life Insurance company, and
he was its president until his death. He
was the author of that plan which permits
the policy-holder to anticipate the pre
sumed surplus by an increased insurance
from the beginning. He died March 18,
1869, in Hartford, Conn.
PHELPS, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born Jan. 12,
1822, in Colebrook, Conn. He was a
member of the Connecticut state house of
representatives in 1853-56, and of the state
senate in 1858-59. He was elected a judge
of the superior court of Connecticut in
1863 for the term of eight years, and was
re-elected for a similar term in 1871. He
was elected a judge of the supreme court
of errors of the state in 1873, and resigned
in 1875 upon his election to the forty-
fourth congress. He was a member of the
forty-fifth and forty-sixth congresses, and
was re-elected to the forty-seventh con
gress as a democrat.
PHELPS, JOHN SMITH, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, governor, born
Dec. 28, 1814, in Simsbury, Conn. In 1840 he
was chosen by the people of Greene coun
ty, Mo., to represent them in the legis
lature. Having been appointed brigade-
inspector in 1841, he has since borne the
title of major. In 1844 he was elected a
representative to the twenty-ninth con
gress, serving in that position until the
close of the thirty-sixth congress, and was
a member of the select committee of thir
ty-three on the rebellious states. He was
also re-elected to the thirty-seventh con
gress; served as colonel of volunteers in
1861, and in 1862 he was appointed mili
tary governor of Arkansas. In 1876 he
was elected governor of Missouri. He
died Nov. 20, 1886, in St. Louis, Mo.
PHELPS, JOHN WOLCOTT, soldier,
author, poet, was born Nov. 13, 1813, in
Guilford, Vt. He was a writer of Brattle-
boro, Vt., who was an officer in the
United States army in the Mexican war
and became a brigadier-general of United
States volunteers in the civil war. In
1880 he was the presidential nominee of
the American party. He was the author
of Sibylline Leaves; Good Behavior; His
tory of Madagascar; and tfhe Fables of
Florian in English Verse. He died Feb.
2, 1885, in Guilford, Vt.
PHELPS, LAUNCELOT, congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1835 to 1839.
PHELPS, NOAH AMHERST, lawyer,
state legislator, author, was born Oct. 16,
1788, in Simsbury, Conn. He was a mem
ber of both houses of the Connecticut
legislature for several terms, and secre
tary of state of Connecticut in 1843-44.
He published History of Simsbury, Gran
by, and Canton, Conn., from 1642 to 1645;
and History of the Copper Mines and
Newgate Prison at Granby. He died Aug.
26, 1872, in Simsbury, Conn.
PHELPS, OLIVER, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1749 in Windsor, Conn. He opened
the first land office in America at Canan-
daigua, and his system became the model
for all subsequent surveys. In 1795 he
was one of the purchasers of the western
reserve, in Ohio, comprising three million
three hundred thousand acres; and after
wards removed to Canandaigua. He rep
resented that district in congress from
1803 to 1805, and was a judge of the cir
cuit court. He died Feb. 21, 1809, in
Canandaigua, N. Y.
PHELPS, SAMUEL SHETHAR, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, United States sena
tor, was born May 13, 1793, in Litchrield,
Conn. He entered
the American army,
and before the close
of his military career
was appointed pay
master. He was a
member of the coun
cil of censors, and
wrote the address is
sued by that body. In
1831 he was chosen
a member of the leg
islative council of
Vermont, and was
soon afterward appointed judge of the su
preme court of the state, in which position
he remained until 1838. He was a sena
tor in congress from 1839 to 1851, and in
1853 was appointed to the senate to fill
a vacancy. He died March 25, 1855, in
Middlebury, Vt.
PHELPS, SETH L., naval officer. He
served throughout the war of the rebel
lion, rising to the rank of captain. In
1865 he resigned his commission and en
tered the service of the Pacific Mail
Steamship company, and became vice-
president of the company. He resigned in
1878, to accept the appointment of com
missioner of the District of Columbia, and
in 1883 was appointed envoy extraordi
nary and minister plenipotentiary of the
United States to Peru. He died at his
post shortly after entering upon the dis
charge of his duties.
PHELPS, SYLVANUS DRYDEN, cler
gyman, author, poet, was born May 15,
1816, in Suffield, Conn. He is a baptist
clergyman of New Haven, and subsequent
ly of Hartford, and the author of Elo
quence of Nature, and Other Poems;
Sunlight and Heartlight, and Other
Poems; The Poet's Song for Heart and
Home; Bible Lands; and Sermons in the
Four Quarters of the Globe.
PHELPS, THOMAS STOWELL, naval
officer, author, was born Nov. 2, 1822, in
Buckfield, Maine. He was a rear-admiral
in the United States navy who retired in
1885. He is the author of Reminiscences
of Washington Territory.
740
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHIC.
PHELPS, TIMOTHY G., congressman,
was born in New York. He removed to
California and was elected a representa
tive from that state to the thirty-seventh
congress.
PHELPS, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, edu
cator, author, was born Feb. 15, 1822, in
Auburn, N. Y. He received the rudiments
of his education in
jj the public schools,
and at Auburn acad
emy, and the State
,m <8? Normal school of Al
bany. He has been
president of the
*4<* State Normal schools
in New Jersey, Min
nesota, and Wiscon
sin for nearly a
quarter of a century,
and for four years
was superintendent
of public schools of Winona, Minn. In
1875-76 he was president of the National
Educational association, and in 1876 he
was president of the first international
congress of educators. He has been sec
retary of the Chambers of Commerce at
St. Paul and Duluth for nearly five years,
and for six years was secretary of the
board of trade of Winona. He organized
the movement in behalf of the Sault Ste.
Marie canal enlargement, a deep water
way from the great lakes to the sea, in
1877; was temporary chairman and per
manent secretary of the convention held
at Sault Ste. Marie, which inaugurated
that movement, and was on the special
committee sent to Washington to secure
the largest appropriation ever made up to
that time for the canal enlargement.
PHELPS, WILLIAM LYON, educator,
author, was born in 186t> in Connecticut.
He is an instructor at Yale university,
and the author of The Beginnings of tne
English Romantic Movement.
PHELPS, WILLIAM W., journalist,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
June 1, 1826, in Oakland county, Mich.
In 1852 and 1853 he held the office of com
missioner for his native county, perform
ing the duties of judge at chambers. In
1854 he was appointed register of the
United States land office at Red Wing,
in Minnesota. In 1857 he was elected a
representative from Minnesota to the
thirty-fifth congress. In 1860 he assumed
the editorship of the Red Wing Sentinel.
PHELPS, WILLIAM WALTER, lawyer,
banker, congressman, was born Aug. 24,
1839, in New York city. He was elected
from New York a representative to the
forty-third congress, and was a delegate
to the republican national convention of
1880. He was appointed United States
minister to Austria in 1881, and was elect
ed a representative from New Jersey to
the forty-eighth, forty-ninth and fiftieth
congresses as a republican.
PHELPS, WILLIAM WINES, journal
ist, state legislator, poet, was born Feb. 17,
1792, in Hanover, N. J. He removed to
Missouri, and established the first morn
ing paper at Independence, Mo., in 1832.
He was in the Utah legislature in 1850-57,
speaker of the house for several terms,
and a justice of the peace. He wrote
some of the most popular hymns in the
Mormon hymn-book. He died March 7,
1872, in Salt Lake City, Utah.
PHIFER, CHARLES LINCOLN, jour
nalist, poet, was born July 16, 1860, in
Fayette county, 111. He is a successful
journalist of California, Mo., and the au
thor of several pamphlets of verse; and
a volume of poems entitled Annals of the
Earth.
PHILBRICK, EDWARD SOUTHWICK,
sanitarian, author, was born in 1827 in
Massachusetts. He was a sanitarian who
published American Sanitary Engineer
ing.
PHILBRICK, EDWARD WHITE, edu
cator, lawyer, was born April 4, 1861, in
Jefferson, Maine. He received his educa
tion in the public schools of Maine, Kent's
Hill seminary, and the university of Mich
igan. He has been superintendent of
schools in Somerville, Maine, and is now
an able lawyer of Boston, Mass.
PHILBRICK, JOHN DUDLEY, educat
or, author, was born May 27, 1818, in
Deerfield, N. H. He was a prominent ed
ucator of Boston who published nearly
fifty valuable public school reports, and
Ci^y School Systems in the United States.
He died Feb. 2, 1886, in Danvers, Mass.
PH1LBROOK, H. B., lawyer, author. He
is a successful lawyer of New York city;
has lectured extensively throughout the
United States, and is the author of Elec
tricity in Nature; Marriage; Astronomy;
and various other works.
PHILES, GEORGE PHILIP, bibliogra
pher, was born April 15, 1828, in Ithaca,
N. Y. He has contributed to literary
journals under the pen-name of Paulus
Silentiarius; edited The Philobiblion; and
assisted in preparing the Bibliotheca
Americana Vetustissima, compiled by
Henry Harrisse (1866). He has also is
sued The Bhagvat-Geeta, or Dialogues of
Kreeshna and Arjoon.
PHILIPS, GEORGE MORRIS, educator,
author, was born Oct. 28, 1851, in Atglen,
Pa. Since 1881 he has been principal of
the West Chester State Normal school,
and was offered the presidency of
Bucknell university in 1888, and in 1890
was tendered the superintendency of pub
lic instruction of Pennsylvania by Gov
ernor Beaver. He is the author of val
uable published papers on Astronomy,
Natural Philosophy, Civil Government;
and Geography of Pennsylvania.
PHILIPS, JOHN FINIS, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Dec. 31, 1834,
in Boone county, Mo. He served the
government as colonel of a regiment of
cavalry throughout the civil war, a part of
the time was brigade-commander, and
was promoted to brigadier-general. In
1874 he was elected a representative from
Missouri to the forty-fourth congress, and
was elected to the forty-sixth congress
to fill a vacancy. He is now United States
district judge at Kansas City, Mo.
PHILIPS, SAMUEL, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born June 14, 1823, near
Hagerstown, Md. He is a German re
formed clergyman, professor in Muhlen-
berg college, Allentown, Pa., from 1866,
and the author of Gethsemane and the
Cross; The Christian Home; The Voice of
Blood; and The Communion of Saints.
PHILLIPS, A. S., educator, journalist,
was born Jan. 8, 1858, in Barnesville, Ohio.
He received his education in the State
NoVmal school of Ohio, and the Kansas
seminary. For ten years he was engaged
in educational work, and is now editor
and owner of The Sentinel of Junction
City, Kan.
PHILLIPS, ALBERT MERRITT, civil
engineer, genealogist, was born Oct. 9,
1843, in Charlton, Mass. In 1885 he pub
lished a history of the Phillips family.
He Is a prominent surveyor and convey
ancer of Auburn, Mass., where he has held
many public offices of trust.
PHILLIPS, ARTHUR CLINTON, jour
nalist, lawyer, was born Sept. 16, 1859,
in Phillips, Maine. During 1877-81 he was
deputy United States consul at Fort Erie,
Canada. During 1881-88 he was editor of
the Sioux Falls Daily Press, Daily Argus-
Leader, Daily Tribune and Daily Leader,
and in 1892 was editor and proprietor of
the Sioux Falls Daily Gazette, S. D. He
is now one of the leading lawyers of the
northwest, and is also very prominent in
various fraternal orders.
PHILLIPS, BARNET, journalist, au
thor, was born Nov. 9, 1828, in Philadel
phia. Pa. He is a journalist of New York
city, on the staff of The Times from 1872,
and the author of The Struggle, a novel;
and Burning Their Ships.
PHILLIPS. DAVID, journalist, politi
cian, was born Feb. 4, 1872, in Lockport,
111. He learned the printer's trade; was
proof-reader and telegraph editor on the
Duluth Tribune, and is now the editor and
owner of The Tribune of Mazeppa, Minn.
He is also prominent in the political af
fairs of his county and state.
PHILLIPS, DUDLEY B., lawyer, leg
islator, was born Aug. 1, 1860, in Clayton,
Ohio. He is a prominent lawyer of Man
chester, Ohio, of which city he served as
mayor for six years, and for four years
was a state senator from the seventh dis
trict of Ohio.
PHILLIPS, FRANKLIN F., A. M., edu
cator, scientist, poet, was born Dec. 21,
1852, in Searsmont, Maine. He gradu-
ated from Nichols'
I Latin school of Lew-
iston, Maine, in
1873; and from
I Bates' college with
I high honors in 1877.
After leaving col
lege he was engaged
in educational work
for six years, five
years as principal of
the Rockland High
school. In 1880 he
was commissioned
state assayer of Maine, and served in that
capacity for three years. Since 1883 he
has been engaged in a very successful
business which allows him to gratify his
taste for scientific investigation. He is
by nature a poet; has written an amount
of spirited and graceful poetry, some of
which has been given a place in Poets
of America and other standard works.
PHILLIPS, GEORGE, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1593 in England. He
was a puritan clergyman, minister at
Watertown, Mass., from 1630 till his
death; and published a treatise on Infant
Baptism. He died July 1, 1644, in Water-
town, Mass.
PHILLIPS, GEORGE SEARLE, lectu
rer, author, was born in 1818 in England.
He was a writer and lecturer of York
shire, England, who, after some years of
literary work in the United States, be
came, in 1873, an inmate of an insane asy
lum in New Jersey. He was the author
of Chapters in the History of a Life; Life
of Ebenezer Elliott; Memoirs of Words
worth; The Gypsies of the Dane's Dyke;
and Chicago and Her Churches. He died
in 1889.
PHILLIPS, HENRY, lawyer, author,
was born Sept. 6, 1838, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is a lawyer of Philadelphia, and
the author of History of American Col
onial Paper Currency; History of Ameri
can Continental Paper Money; Pleasures
of Numismatic Science; Poems from the
Spanish and German; and Faust, from the
German of Chamisso.
PHILLIPS, HENRY M., congressman,
was born June 30, 1811, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the thirty-fifth congress.
He died Aug. 3, 1884, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOORAl'HY.
741
PHILLIPS, JAMES, clergyman, edu
cator, was born April 22, 1792, in Eng
land. In 1826 he became professor of
mathematics in the university of North
Carolina, where he remained till his death.
He projected a complete course of math
ematical studies, and prepared treatises
on algebra, geometry, trigonometry and
kindred subjects. He died March 16, 1867,
in Chapel Hill, N. C.
PHILLIPS, JOHN, benefactor, was born
Dec. 6, 1719, in Andover, Mass, \vith his
brother he founded Phillips Andover
academy, April 21, 1778, giving to it $31,-
000, besides a third interest in his estate,
and in 1781 he founded Phillips Exeter
academy, and endowed it with $134,000.
He died April 21, 1795, in Exeter, N. H.
PHILLIPS, JOHN, lawyer, state sena
tor, was born Nov. 26, 1770, in Boston,
Mass. He was sent to the Massachusetts
senate in 1804, and continued member of
that body until his death, serving as pre
siding officer in 1813-23. He was elected
first mayor of Boston in 1822. He died
May 23, 1823, in Boston, Mass.
PHILLIPS, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Chester county, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1821 to 1823.
PHILLIPS, JOHN, physician, state sen
ator, was born Nov. 4, 1823, in Richmond,
Vt. Since 1848 he has been a physician
of Stevens Point, Wis. He was a member
of the Wisconsin state assembly in 1860-
€4, and was pension examiner during
1863-85. He was regent of normal schools
during 1876-91; and treasurer and presi
dent of the Stevens Point board of edu
cation during 1876-81.
PHILLIPS, MAUDE GILLETTE, educa
tor, author, was born in 1860, in Massa
chusetts. She is an educator who has
published A Popular Manual of English
Literature.
PHILLIPS, MILTON C., lawyer, was
born July 25, 1856, in Royalton, Wis.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the common schools, and subse
quently attended Oberlin college, Ohio. He
is one of the foremost lawyers of Wiscon
sin at Oshkosh; and has served with dis
tinction as United States district attor
ney for the eastern district of Wisconsin.
PHILLIPS, PHILIP, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Dec. 13,
1807, in Charleston, S. C. In 1834 he
was elected for two years to the South
Carolina state legislature. In 18-37 he was
elected president of the Alabama demo
cratic state convention, and in 1844 was
elected to the legislature. In 1851 he was
again elected to the legislature. He was a
representative in congress from Alabama,
from 1853 to 1855, and declined a re-elec
tion. He died Jan. 14, 1884, in Washing
ton, D. C.
PHILLIPS, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 17, 1690, in Salem,
Mass. He was ordained minister of the
south parish of Andover in 1711, which
relationship lasted during his lifetime. He
published an Elegy; and numerous relig
ious treatises and occasional sermons.
He died June 5, 1771, in Andover, Mass.
PHILLIPS, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born Feb.
7, 1751, in North Andover, Mass. He
was a member of the provincial congress,
and of the constitutional convention of
1779, for twenty years a state senator, and
for fifteen years its president. He was a
judge of the court of common pleas in
1781-98, a commissioner of the state in
Shays's insurrection, and was lieutenant-
governor of Massachusetts at the time of
his death. He died Feb. 10, 1802, in North
Andover, Mass.
PHILLIPS, STEPHEN CLARENDON,
merchant, state senator, congressman,
was born Nov. 1, 1801, in Salem, Mass.
He was chosen a representative in the
Massachusetts state legislature; from 1830
to 1831 was state senator, and in 1832
and 1833 was again a member of the
house. From J834 to 1838 he represented
Massachusetts in congress. He died June
26, 1857, at sea.
PHILLIPS, THOMAS W., public official,
congressman, was born Feb. 23, 1835, in
Beaver county, Pa. When the Producers'
Protective association was formed in
1887, he was elected president of the asso
ciation without opposition, and continued
to serve in that capacity for three years.
He is president of the Citizens' National
bank of New Castle, Pa., and president of
the electric street railway of the same
place. He was elected to the fifty-third
and re-elected to the fifty-fourth con
gress as a republican.
PHILLIPS, WENDELL, orator, author,
was born Nov. 29, 1811, in Boston, Mass.
He was a celebrated orator of Boston, a
vehement opponent
of slavery, and an
active champion of
labor reform and wo
man suffrage. He
was the author of
The Constitution a
Pro-Slavery Con
tract; Lectures, Ora
tions and. Letters to
1861; Speeches, Lec
tures and Addresses;
and The Scholar in a
Republic. He died
Feb. 2, 1884, in Boston, Mass.
PHILLIPS, WILLARD, lawyer, author,
was born Dec. 19, 1784, in Bridgewater,
Mass. He was a lawyer of Boston, and the
author of Treatise on the Law of Insur
ance; Manual of Political Economy; The
Law of Patents; The Inventor's Guide;
and Protection and Free Trade. He died
Sept. 9, 1873, in Cambridge, Mass.
PHILLIPS, WILLIAM A., soldier, jour
nalist, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born Jan. 14, 1826, in Scotland.
He went to Kansas as a writer for the
New York Tribune. He entered the army
as major in 1861, and commanded an In
dian regiment during the war in the west.
He was a member of the state legislature
of Kansas. He was elected to the forty-
third, forty-fourth and forty-fifth con
gresses as a republican.
PHILLIPSE, FREDERICK, philanthro
pist, was born in 1626 in Holland. In
1699 he erected at his own expense, op
posite Castle Phillipse, a substantial
church, which is now the oldest relig
ious edifice in the state of New York. He
was a member of the governor's council
for more than twenty years. He died
Dec. 23, 1702, in New York city.
PHILSON, ROBERT, governor, was
born in Ireland. He was a representative
in congress from Pennsylvania from 1819
to 1821.
PHIN, JOHN, journalist, author, was
born Sept. 9, 1832, in Scotland. He is a
New \ork publisher of technical journals,
and the author of Open-Air Grape Cul
ture; Chemical History of the Creation;
Practical Treatise on Lightning Rods;
How to Use the Microscope; Workshop
Companion; Preparation and Use of Ce
ments and Glue; Dictionary of Practical
Agriculture; Trade Secrets and Private
Recipes; and A Pocket Dictionary of Mon
etary and Coinage Terms.
PHINIZY, CHARLES H., railroad presi
dent, was born Jan. 16, 1835, in Augusta,
Ga. From 1882-87 he was president of
the Augusta cotton factory, and in
became president of the Atlanta and West
Point railroad, and of the Western rail
road of Atlanta.
PHINNEY, EDWIN R., manufacturer,
state legislator, was born Aug. 3, 1846, in
Bangor, Maine. In 1883 he served with
distinction as a representative in the
Michigan state legislature. He is now
president of the Cleveland Shingle com
pany of Cleveland, Ohio.
PHIPPS, WILLIAM, governor, was
born Feb. 2, 1651, in Maine. He served in
the colonial army against the French in
1690, and in 1692 became the first royal
governor of Massachusetts. He died Feb.
18, 1695, in London, England.
PHISTER, ELIJAH CONNER, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, was
born Oct. 8, 1822, in Maysville, Ky. He
was mayor of Maysville in 1847 and 1848,
and was elected circuit judge in 1856 and
served six years. He was a representa
tive in the state legislature from 1867
to 1871, and was elected a representative
from Kentucky to the forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses as a democrat.
PHCENIX, J. PHILLIPS, state legislat
or, congressman, was born in Morristown,
N. J. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1843 to 1845,
and was a member of the state assembly
in 1848 from New York city. He was
again in congress from 1849 to 1851. He
died May 4, 1859, in New York.
PHCENIX, STEPHEN WHITNEY, ben
efactor, author, was born May 25, 1839,
in New York city. He left his books relat
ing to heraldry and genealogy to the New
York Historical society, together with a
legacy of $15,000, the income of which is
to be invested in books on kindred sub
jects. His curiosities, works of art, pic
tures, and coins, to the Metropolitan Mu
seum of Art; and his general library of
books, to be known as The Phoenix Col
lection, to -Columbia, with $500,000 for
technical use, eventually, in the school of
mines. He died Nov. 3, 1881, in New
York city.
PHYFE, WILLIAM HENRY PINKNEY,
author, was born in 1855 in New York.
- He is an author of New York city, and
has written How Should I Pronounce?
The School Pronouncer; Seven Thousand
Words Often Mispronounced; The Test
Pronouncer; and Five Thousand Words
Commonly Misspelled.
PHYSICK, PHILIP SYNG, surgeon, was
born July 7, 1768, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was a student of the celebrated John Hun
ter, and distin
guished himself by
his faithful attention
to his professional
duties during the
frightful mortality
caused by the yellow
fever in Philadel
phia, 1793, when not
only citizens, but
even physicians, fled
from the city. In
1825 he was elected
a member of the
French Royal Academy of Medicine, and
is said to be the first American who re
ceived this honor. He died Dec. 15, 1837,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
PIATT, DONN, soldier, lawyer, journal
ist, author, poet, was born June 29, 1819,
in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was a lawyer and
journalist of Washington, and during the
civil war a federal officer. He was the
author of Sunday Meditations; Memories
of the Men Who Saved the Union; Poems
and Plays; Life of General George H.
Thomas; and The Lone Grave of the
Shenandoah. He died in 1891.
742
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PIATT, JOHN JAMES, poet, was born
March 1, 1835, in James Mills (now Mil
ton), Ind. He is a poet who was consul
at Cork in 1882-93. He has been a pro
lific writer of verse, but The Morning
Street, one of his earlier poems, still
ranks as his finest effort. He is the au
thor of Landmarks; Western Windows;
Poems of House and Home; Idyls and
Lyrics of the Ohio Valley; Poems in
Sunshine and Firelight; The Lost Farm,
and Other Poems; At the Holy Well; A
Dream of Church Windows (a revised edi
tion of Poems of House and Home) ; The
Lost Hunting Ground; and Little New
World Idyls. His prose is included in
Penciled Fly-Leaves; and A Return to
Paradise.
PIATT, LOUISE KIRBY, author, was
born Nov. 25, 1826, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
She accompanied her husband to Europe
when he was appointed secretary of le
gation, and contributeu letters to the
Home Journal, which were afterward pub
lished in book-form as Bell Smith Abroad.
She died Oct. 2, 1864.
PIATT, MRS. SARAH MORGAN (BRY
AN), poet, was born Aug. 11, 1836, in
Lexington, Ky. She is a noted poet, and
is the author of A Woman's Poems; A
Voyage to the Fortunate Isles, and Other
Poems; That New World, and Other
Poems; Dramatic Persons and Moods;
An Irish Garland; In Primrose Time; The
Witch in the Glass; Complete Poems
(1894); An Enchanted Castle; and Child's
World Ballads.
PICARD, GEORGE HENRY, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 3, 1850, in Baldwin,
Ohio. He is a physician and novelist of
New York city, and the author of A Mat
ter of Taste; A Mission Flower; and Old
Boniface.
PICK, BERNHARD, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 19, 1842, in Prussia. He .
is a lutheran clergyman of Pennsylvania,
prior to 1884 a presbyterian minister; and
the author of Luther as a Hymnist; His
torical Sketch of the Jews; Life of Christ
according to Extra Canonical Sources; In
dex to the Ante-Nicene Fathers; and The
Talmud: What It Is.
PICKARD, JOSEPH COFFIN, educator,
was born in September, 1826, in Auburn.
In 1873 he became professor of the Eng
lish language and literature in the Indus
trial university at Urbana, 111.
PICKARD, SAMUEL THOMAS, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1828 in Massa
chusetts. He is a writer who for many
years edited the Portland (Maine) Tran
script. He is the author of Life and Let
ters of John Greenleaf Whittier.
PICKENS, ANDREW J., soldier, state
legislator, congressman, was born Sept. 19.
1739, in Paxton, Pa. He was a member of
the Pennsylvania state legislature from
the close of the war until 1793, when he
was elected a representative in congress
from 1793 to 1795. In 1795 he was com
missioned major-general of the South Car
olina militia, and was frequently a com
missioner to treat with the Indians. He
died Aug. 17, 1817, in Pendleton district,
S. C.
PICKENS, FRANCIS WILKINSON,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, gov
ernor, was born April 7, 1805, in Toga-
doo, S. C. In 1832 he was a member of
the South Carolina state legislature, and
took part in the nullification excitement.
He was a representative in congress from
1835 to 1845. In 1844 he was elected to
the state senate, and was minister to Rus
sia from 1857 to 1860. When South Carolina
seceded from the Union he was chosen
governor of the state. He died Jan. 15,
1869, in Edgefield, S. C.
PICKENS, ISRAEL, state legislator,
congressman, United States senator, gov
ernor, was born Jan. 30, 1780, in Mecklen
burg county (now Cabarrus), N. C. He
served one year in the North Carolina
state legislature. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1811
to 1817, in which year he was appointed
register of the land office of Mississippi
territory. On removing to Alabama he
was elected governor of that state in 1821,
and in 1826 was a senator in congress
from Alabama. He died April 24, 1827,
in Cabarrus, N. C.
PICKENS, RUPERT T., lawyer, legis
lator, was born April 4, 1860, in Bun
combe county, N. C. He has been mayor
of Ellijay, Ga., and during 1891-96 was
mayor of Lexington, N. C., in which city
he is a prominent lawyer. He has served
as a representative in the North Carolina
state legislature, and takes an active part
in the public affairs of his state.
PICKERING, CHARLES, naturalist, au
thor, was born Nov. 10, 1805, in Susque-
hanna county, Pa. He was a naturalist of
eminence, and the author of Races of
Men and Their Geographical Distribution;
Geographical Distribution of Animals and
Men; and Chronological History of Plants.
He died March 17, 1878, in Boston, Mass.
PICKERING, EDWARD CHARLES, au
thor, was born July 19, 1846, in Boston,
Mass. He is the director of Harvard ob
servatory at Cambridge, and author of
Elements of Physical Manipulation.
PICKERING, HENRY, poet, was born
Oct. 8, 1781, in Newburg, N. Y. He was
a poet of New York who published Ruins
of Psestum; Athens, and Other Poems;
and The Buckwheat Cake. He died Oct.
8, 1871, in Newburg, N. Y.
PICKERING, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was
born Sept. 22, 1737, in Newington, N. H.
He was a member of the convention which
framed the constitution of New Hamp
shire. He was a judge of the supreme
court of New Hampshire from 1790 to
1795, and was at one time chief justice.
He was subsequently judge of the United
States district court for New Hampshire.
He died April 11, 1805, in Portsmouth.
PICKERING, JOHN, lawyer, linguist,
author, was born Feb. 7, 1777, in Salem,
Mass. He was a lawyer of Boston and a
linguist of eminence, and the author of
Greek and English Lexicon; Collection of
Words and Phrases Supposed to be Pe
culiar to the United States; and Remarks
on the Indian Languages of North Amer
ica. He died May 5, 1846, in Boston, Mass.
PICKERING, MRS. M., educator, poet,
was born in 1830, in Steubenville, Ohio.
For thirteen years she was engaged in ed
ucational work; and also took an active
part in religious and temperance work.
She is a poet of ability, and the author of
a volume of collected poems. She is also
represented in Poets of America and other
standard works.
PICKERING, OCTAVIUS, lawyer, au
thor, was born Sept. 2, 1791, in Wyoming,
Pa. He was a Boston lawyer who pub
lished Reports of Cases in the Supreme
Judicial Court of Massachusetts in 1822-
40; and Life of Timothy Pickering (com
pleted by Upham). He died Oct. 29, 1868,
in Boston, Mass.
PICKERING, TIMOTHY, statesman,
cabinet officer, was born July 17, 1745, in
Salem, Mass. In 1776 he was appointed
one of the judges of the court of common
pleas for Essex, Mass., and sole judge of
the maritime court for the middle dis
trict. In 1777 he became adjutant-general,
and subsequently quartermaster-general.
In 1791 he was made postmaster-general;
in 1794 secretary of war, and the follow
ing year was appointed secretary of state.
In 1803 he was elected a United States
senator to fill a vacancy; and two years
later was elected for a term of six years.
He died Jan. 9, 1829, in Salem, Mass.
PICKERING, WILLIAM, governor, was
born in England. In 1861 he was appoint
ed from Illinois governor of the territory
of Washington, residing in Olympia, serv
ing in office until 1867.
PICKERING, WILLIAM HENRY, as
tronomer, educator, author, was born Feb.
15, 1858, in Boston, Mass. He is an as
tronomer, professor in Harvard univer
sity from 1887, and the author of Walking
Guide to the White Mountain Range.
PICKETT, ALBERT JAMES, author,
was born Aug. 13, 1810, in Anson county,
N. C. He was a writer of Montgomery,
Ala., who published a History of Alabama.
He died Oct. 2s, 1858, in Montgomery, Ala.
PICKETT, GEORGE EDWARD, sol-
iuer, was born Jan. 25, 1825, in Richmond,
Va. In 1861 he joined the confederate
army as colonel, and attained the rank of
major-general.
PICKETT. JAMES C., soldier, lawyer,
journalist, state legislator, was born Feb.
6, 1793, in Fauquier county, Va. In the
war of 1812 he was an officer in the United
States artillery, and served also in the
army from 1818 to 1821. He was a mem
ber of the Virginia legislature in 1822;
and secretary of the state from 1825 to
1828. He was secretary of legation to
Columbia from 1829 to 1833. He was com
missioner of the United States patent of
fice in 1S35; was fourth auditor of the
treasury from 1835 to 1838; and was min
ister to Ecuador in 1838. He was charge
d'affaires to Peru from 1838 to 1845. He
died July 10, 1872, in Washington.
PICKLE, GEORGE WESLEY, lawyer.
was born March 6, 1845, in Knox county,
Tenn. He received his education in the
East Tennessee uni
versity and the
Princeton college of
New Jersey. Since
1886 he has been at
torney-general and
reporter of Tennes
see. He is one of the
foremost lawyers of
the south; takes an
active part in politi
cal affairs; has filled
several public posi
tions of honor; and
contributes extensively to law literature
and the periodical press.
PICKLER, JOHN A., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Jan. 24, 1844, near Salem, Ind. He re
moved to Muscatine, Iowa, in 1874; and
was a Garfield elector, second district of
Iowa, in 1880. He was elected to the Iowa
legislature in 1881. He moved to Da
kota in 1883, and was elected to the Da
kota legislature in 1884, and appointed in
spector in public-land service in interior
department in 1889. He was elected to
the fifty-first, fifty-second, and fifty-third
congresses and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
PICKMAN, BENJAMIN, merchant,
state senator, congressman, was born in
1763. In 1800 he was elected to the Mas
sachusetts state legislature; was elected
a state senator, and was re-elected a num
ber of years. In 1807 he became a member
of the executive council, and was a repre
sentative in congress from 1809 to 1811.
In 1820 he was a member of the conven
tion for revising the state constitution.
He died in August, 1843, in Salem, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
743
PICKNELL, WILLIAM LAMB, artist,
was born Oct. 23, 1854, in Hinesburg, Vt.
Among his works are Route de Con-
carneau; On the Borders of the Marsh,
in the Academy of Fine Arts, Philadel
phia; A Stormy Day; Coast of Ipswich, in
Boston Art Museum; Sunshine and Drift
ing Sand; A Sultry Day; Wintry March;
Bleak December; After the Storm; and
November Solitude.
PICOTTB, THEOPHILE E., journalist,
was born Oct. 26, 1848, in Montreal, Can
ada. He is the editor and owner of The
Times of Hailey, Idaho, one of the fore
most daily and weekly newspapers of that
state.
PICTON, THOMAS, politician, law
yer, soldier, journalist, author, was born
May 9, 1822, in New York city. He edited
the True National Democrat, the organ of
the free-soilers in New York city. On
the reorganization of the Sunday Mercury,
he became one of its editors, and con
tributed to the paper a series of popular
stories under the name of Paul Preston.
These were subsequently published in
book-form, and had an extensive sale.
At the beginning of the civil war
he raised a battalion, which was con
solidated with the thirty-eighth New York
regiment, with which he went to the
field. He was the author of Reminis
cences of a Sporting Journalist. He died
Feb. 20, 1891, in New York city.
PIDCOCK, JAMES NELSON, civil en
gineer, agriculturist, state senator, con
gressman, was born Feb. 8, 1836, in White
House, N. J. He was state senator from
1877 to 1880, and in 1884 was elected a
representative from New Jersey to the
forty-ninth congress, and was re-elected
to the fiftieth congress as a democrat.
PIEHN, LOUIS H., banker, was born
March 10, 1837, in Germany. He emigrat
ed to the United States in 1852, and twen
ty years later settled in Nora Springs,
Iowa, where he is president of the First
National bank. He is also the president
of the Anti-Vaccination society of Amer
ica, and president of the United States
Medical Liberty league.
PIEPER, FRANZ AUGUST OTTO, cler
gyman, author, was born June 27, 1852, in
Germany. In 1878 he became professor of
theology in Concordia seminary, St. Louis,
Mo. This post he held until 1887, when
he was elected president of the institu
tion. He is a frequent contributor to de
nominational periodicals, and has pub
lished several works in German.
PIERCE, BENJAMIN, soldier, govern
or, was born Dec. 25, 1757, in Chelmsford,
Mass. He joined the revolutionary army
after the battle of Lexington, and re
mained in it through the war; and served
as ensign, lieutenant and brigadier-gen
eral. From 1789 to 1802 he was a member
of the general council, and chancellor
from 1803 to 1809, and again from 1814
to 1818. He was high sheriff from 1809 to
1814, and again from 1818 to 1823, and was
governor from 1827 to 1829. He died April
1, 1839, in Hillsborough, N. H.
PIERCE, BENJAMIN, educator, author,
was born April 4, 1809, in Salem, Mass.
He was president of the American Institu
tion for the Advancement of Science in
1853; one of the council which established
Dudley Observatory in 1855; superintend
ent of the United States coast survey from
1867 to 1874. He was a contributor to
several scientific journals, and was the au
thor of Treatise on Analytic Mechanics;
Associative Algebra; and Theory of the
Tans of Comets. He discovered and an
nounced the fluidity of Saturn's rings in
1851, and prepared a volume of lunar
tables for the Nautical Almanac.
PIERCE, BYRON ROOT, soldier, was
born Sept. 20, 1829, in East Bloomfield,
N. Y. At the beginning of the civil war
he enlisted in the third Michigan volun
teers. He was made brigadier-general of
volunteers in 1864, and brevetted major-
general in 1865.
PIERCE, CHARLES W., soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1823 in New York.
He was a lieutenant in the Illinois volun
teers soon after the commencement of the
rebellion. He settled in Alabama in 1867,
and in 1868 was elected a representative
from that state to the fortieth congress.
PIERCE, DAVID G., clergyman, poet,
was born April 27, 1840, in South Britain,
Conn. He has filled pastorates in the
congregational churches of South Britain,
Conn., and is the author of a volume of
poems.
PIERCE, EDWAHD LILLIE, lawyer,
author, was born March 29, 1829, in
Stoughton, Mass. He was a prominent
Boston lawyer, and the author of Ameri
can Railroad Law; Life of Charles Sum-
ner; The Law of Railroads; and Enfran
chisement and Citizenship.
PIERCE, EMMONS S., poet, was born
Jan. 27, 1831, in Erie county, N. Y. He
is a well-known horseman of Springfield,
N Y., and the author of a volume entitled
Poems of the Turf, and Other Ballads.
PIERCE, FRANKLIN, fourteenth presi
dent of the United States, was born Nov.
23 1804 in Hillsborough, N. H. He grad
uated at Bowdom
college in 1824, and
then entered the law
school at Northamp
ton, Mass., where he
remained two years.
In 1829 he was elect
ed to the New Hamp
shire legislature,
where he served four
years, and the last
two years was speak
er of the house. In
1833 he was elected "a
representative in congress, and held the
office four years. He married Miss Jane
M. Appleton in 1834. In Io37 he was elect
ed to the United States senate, and in 1842
resigned his seat. When the Mexican war
broke out he accepted the commission of
brigadier-general, and distinguished him
self at the battles of Cerro-Gordo and
Chapultepec. In 1850 he presided over
the constitutional convention of New
Hampshire. June 1, 1852, the national
democratic convention met at Baltimore.
The two-thirds rule was adopted. The
balloting began June 3, and on the first
ballot Lewis Cass received 114 votes;
James Buchanan, 93; William L. Marcy,
27; Stephen Arnold Douglas, 20. The sev
enteenth ballot that day stood: For Cass,
99; Buchanan, 87; Douglas, 50; Marcy, 26.
The second day's balloting closed with the
thirty-third trial, as follows: Cass, 123;
Buchanan, 72; Douglas, 60; Marcy, 25.
On the thirty-sixth ballot the Virginia
delegation cast their votes for Franklin
Pierce, and on the forty-ninth he re
ceived the unanimous vote of the con
vention. William Rufus King was nom
inated for vice-president. Being duly
elected, they were inaugurated March 4,
1853. There was not a change made in
his cabinet officers during his adminis
tration, a thing that has never before or
since happened. He left the presidential
chair March 4, 1857, and returned to his
home in New Hampshire, where he died
Oct. 8, 1869. Pierce held office about
seventeen years. He left about fifty thou
sand dollars.
PIERCE, FREDERICK CLIFTON, au
thor, was born July 30, 1856, in Worces
ter county, Mass. He is an Illinois writer
who has written town histories of Barre
and Graf ton, Mass., and of Rockford, 111.;
The Harwood Genealogy; Pierce History
and Genealogy; Peirce History and Gen
ealogy; and Pearse and Pearce Genealogy.
PIERCE, GEORGE EDMUND, clergy
man, college president, was born Sept. 9,
1794, in Southbury, Conn. For twelve
years he was a clergyman; and during
1834-55 was president of the Western Re
serve college. He died May 28, 1871, in
Hudson, Ohio.
PIERCE, GEORGE FOSTER, bishop,
author, was born Feb. 3, 1811, in Greene
county, Ga. In 1854 he was elected and
ordained methodist
^^^^^ episcopal bishop at
ilHHW Columbus, Ga. He
was the author of
Incidents of Western
W <** IPF Travel. In 1842 he
was elected president
" of Emory college, re
signing in 1854. The
^^fc^g^L B degree of D. D. was
5 conferred upon him
1^^ by Transylvania uni-
|gg^ I versity, and that of
LL. D. by Randolph
Macon college. He died Sept. 3, 1884, near
Sparta, Ga.
PIERCE, GILBERT ASHVILLE, sol
dier, lawyer, journalist, governor, United
States senator, author, was born Jan. 11.
1838, in Cattaraugus county, N. Y. In
1868 he was elected a representative in
the Indiana legislature. In 1872 he ac
cepted an editorial position on the Chi
cago Inter-Ocean; was made managing
editor of that paper in 1876, and remained
in editorial charge until 1881, when he
was tendered, and accepted, the position
of chief editorial writer on the Chicago
Daily News. He was the author of the
Dickens Dictionary, and of two novels
of a political character, as well as a
number of plays. In 1884 he was ap
pointed governor of the territory of Da
kota; and in 1889 became a United States
senator from North Dakota.
PIERCE, HENRY LILLIE, manufactu
rer, congressman, was born Aug. 23, 1825,
in Stoughton, Mass. He was a member
of the state house of representatives in
1860, 1861, 1862 and 1866; was an alderman
of the city of Boston in 1870 and 1871, and
was mayor of Boston in 1873. He was
elected a representative from Massachu
setts to the forty-third congress to fill a
vacancy, and in 1874 was elected to the
forty-fourth congress as a republican.
PIERCE, HENRY NILES, bishop of
Arkansas and the Indian territory, was
born Oct. 19, 1820, in Pawtucket, R. I.
He was elected missionary bishop of Ar
kansas and the Indian territory, and was
consecrated in Christ church, Mobile, on
Jan. 25, 1870. He has published numer
ous occasional sermons, essays, and ad
dresses, and is the author of The Ag
nostic, and Other Poems.
PIERCE, JOHN, antiquarian, was born
July 14, 1773, in Dorchester, Mass. He
was an authority on genealogical and his
torical researches. He was for twenty
years president of the Massachusetts
Bible society, of which he was one of the
founders. His works consist of eighteen
manuscript volumes, which were be
queathed by him to the Massachusetts
Historical society. He died Aug. 24, 1849,
in Brookline, Mass.
744
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PIERCE, JOHN DAVIS, clergyman,
state legislator, author, was born Feb. 18,
1797, in Chesterfield, N. H. He was su
perintendent o£ public instruction in
Michigan for two years, during that time
edited and published the Journal of Edu
cation, and also edited at one time the
Democratic Expounder at Marshall. He is
credited with being the author of the
Michigan free-school system. He died
April 5, 1882, in Medford, Mass.
PIERCE, JOSEPH, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire during the years 1801 and
1802.
PIERCE, LEWIS, lawyer, state legis
lator, was born April, 1832, in Gorham.
He has represented Portland in the Maine
legislature, has been public administrator
for the county of Cumberland, and has
served on the school committee of Port
land.
PIERCE, NATHANIEL, lawyer, state
legislator, was born in March, 1832, in
Newburyport, Mass. He is a successful
lawyer of Newburyport. He has been re
peatedly mayor of his city, and has rep
resented it in the legislature.
PIERCE, RAY VAUGHN, manufacturer,
congressman, was born Aug. 6, 1840, in
Stark, N. Y. The World's Medical Dis
pensary association, of which he is presi
dent and almost sole owner, was created
for the more systematic manufacture of
his popular remedies. He was elected to
the state senate in 1877; and in 1878 was
elected a representative from New York to
the forty-sixth congress.
PIERCE, RICE A., lawyer, congress
man, was born July 3, 1848, in Dresden,
Tenn. He was elected district attorney-
general of the twelfth judicial circuit in
1874; and re-elected in 1878 for a full term
of eight years. He was elected to the
forty-eighth, fifty-first, and fifty-second
congresses as a democrat; ran as an in
dependent free coinage democrat in 1892
and was defeated; and was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
PIERCE, ROBERT B. F., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Feb. 15, 1843,
In Laurel, Ind. He served in the union
army during the war of the rebellion.
He was prosecuting attorney at Craw-
fordsville from 1868 to 1874, and in 1880
was elected a representative from Indi
ana to the forty-seventh congress.
PIERCE, THOMAS MAY, author, was
born Dec. 10, 1837, in Chester, Pa. He
is the author of Test Business Problems;
Pierce's School Manual of Business
Forms and Customs; and Pierce's School
Manna! of Bookkeeping.
PIERCE, WILLIAM, soldier, congress
man, author, was born about 1740 in
Georgia. He served in the revolutionary
war as an aide-de
camp to General
Greene, and for his
services a sword was
presented to him by
the old congress.
He was a delegate
from Georgia to the
continental congress,
and was a member of
the convention
which framed the
federal constitution.
While in congress he
wrote his impressions of the men who
served in that body, which were long af
terward published in a Savannah paper.
He died about 1806.
PIERCE, WILLIAM HALFORD, clergy
man, lecturer, author, was born Nov. 12,
1862, in Equality, 111. He attended the Ill
inois State Normal school; the Shurtleff
college; and graduated from the McKen-
dree college and the Garrett Biblical in
stitute. In 1883 he joined the southern
Illinois conference, and two years later
was transferred to the Rock River con
ference; and is an eminent clergyman of
the methodist episcopal church. He is
the author of works on Agonography, a
system of shorthand writing without an
gles. He is also a successful lecturer on
popular subjacts.
PIERCE, WINSLOW SMITH, pioneer,
educator, author, was born May 3, 1819,
in Boston, Mass. He was one of the
originators of the first line of steamships
between the Isthmus of Panama and San
Francisco. He settled in Indiana in 1860,
devoted himself largely to the coal and
iron industries, and laid out and at one
time owned a large part of Indianapolis.
He left in manuscript a complete collec
tion of material for a book entitled Rem
iniscences of Public Men from 1828 to
1888. He died July 29, 1888, in Brooklyn,
N. Y.
PIERPONT, FRANCIS HARRISON,
lawyer, governor, was born Jan. 25, 1814,
in Monongalia county, Va. From 1861 to
1868 he was the governor of West Vir
ginia, and has held numerous offices under
the United States government.
PIERPONT, JAMES, clergyman, was
born in 1661, in Massachusetts. He was a
clergyman, and one of the founders of
Yale college. He died Nov. 14, 1714, in
New Haven, Conn.
PIERPONT, JOHN, clergyman, author,
poet, was born April 6, 1785, in Litchfield,
Conn. He was a Unitarian clergyman of
Boston, pastor of the Hollis street church
in 1819-45. He wrote a volume of sacred
verse, Airs of Palestine, and a number
of domestic lyrics, which were very pop
ular, Passing Away being the best known
of any. He compiled several school read
ers, the most noted of which was The
American First-Class Book. He died Aug.
26, 1866, in Medford, Mass.
PIERREPONT, EDWARDS, lawyer,
jurist, was born March 4, 1817, in North
Haven, Conn. He was judge of the New
York supreme court
from 1857 to 1860;
and in 1862 was made
a member of the mil
itary commission for
the trial of prisoners
of state. He was
United States attor
ney for the southern
district of New York
in 1869-70. He was
appointed attorney-
general of the United
States in 1875. In 1876
he was appointed envoy extraordinary
and minister plenipotentiary of the Unit
ed States to Great Britain. He died March
6, 1892, in New York city.
PIERREPONT, EDWARD WILLOUGH-
BY, public official, author, was born In
1860 in New York. He was charge d'af
faires at Rome at the time of his death.
He was the author of From Fifth Avenue
to Alaska. He died in 1885.
PIERSE, EDWIN HALL, musician,
composer, was born Dec. 25, 1868, in Au
burn, N. Y. He is director of the school
of music at Ripon college of Wisconsin,
and the author of numerous compositions
for the piano.
PIERSON, ABRAHAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1641, in Lynn, Mass.
He was the first rector of Yale college,
serving from 1701-07. He is the author of
a text-book on Natural Philosophy, which
was used for twenty-five years. He died
March 5, 1707, in New Haven, Conn.
PIERSON, ARTHUR TAPPAN, clergy
man, author, was born in 1837 in New
York. He is a congregational clergyman
of note, and the author of Acts of the
Holy Spirit; Many Infallible Proofs; The
Crisis of Missions; The Miracles of Mis
sions; The Divine Art of Preaching; The
Heart of the Gospel; Keys to the Word;
and Lessons on Prayer.
PIERSON, MRS. CORNELIA (TUT-
HILL), author, was born in 1820 in Con
necticut. She was the author of Our Lit
tle Comfort; Wreaths and Blossoms for
the Church: When Are We Happiest?
and The Belle, the Blue, and the Bigot.
She died in 1870.
PIERSON, DELAVAN L., poet. He is
a writer of Philadelphia, Pa., and the au
thor of a number of poems.
PIERSON, HAMILTON WILCOX, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 22, 1817,
in Bergen, N. Y. He is a presbyterian
clergyman in Kentucky, and the author of
Thomas Jefferson at Monticello; and In
the Brush, or Old-Time Social, Political
and Religious Life in the Southwest.
PIERSON, ISAAC, physician, congress
man, was born Aug. 15, 1770, in New Jer
sey. He practiced medicine for forty years
and was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1827 to 1831. He died
Sept. 22, 1833, in New Jersey.
PIERSON, JEREMIAH H., congress
man, was born in Essex county, N. J. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1821 to 1823.
PIERSON, JOB, congressman. He was
a representative In congress from New
York from 1831 to 1835. He died April 9,
1860.
PIGOTT, JAMES P., lawyer, congress
man, was born in New Haven, Conn. He
is a noted lawyer of New Haven; was
chairman of the state delegation to the
democratic national convention in 1888,
and was elected to the fifty-third congress.
PIKE, ALBERT, lawyer, journalist,
author, poet, was born Dec. 29, 1809, In
Boston, Mass. He was a lawyer and jour
nalist of Little Rock, Memphis, and Wash
ington successively, who served as an of
ficer in the confederate army. He was the
author of Hymns to the Gods; Prose
Sketches and Poems; Nugse, a collection
of Poems; and Arkansas Supreme Court
Reports, 1840-45. He died April 2, 1891,
in Washington, D. C.
PIKE, AUSTIN F., lawyer, congress
man, United States senator, was born Oct.
14, 1819, in Hebron, N. H. He was a
member of the New Hampshire house of
representatives in 1850, 1851, 1852, 1865
and 1866, and speaker during the last two
years. He was a presidential elector in
1852; was a member of the New Hamp
shire senate in 1857 and 1858, and was
president of the senate in the latter year.
He was elected a representative from New
Hampshire to the forty-third congress;
and in 1883 was elected a United States
senator from New Hampshire for the
term of six years from March 4, 1883. He
died Oct. 8, 1886, in Franklin, N. H.
PIKE, FRANCES WEST ATHERTON,
author, was born March 17, 1819, in Pros
pect, Maine. She has published Step by
Step; Here and Hereafter; Katherine Mor
ris; Sunset Stories, in six volumes; Climb
ing and Sliding; and Striving and Gaining.
PIKE, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Dec. 9, 1817, in Calais, Maine. He
was a member of the Maine legislature,
serving one term as speaker of the house
of representatives. In 1860 he was elect
ed a representative from Maine to the
thirty-seventh congress, and was re-elect
ed to ihe thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth and
fortieth congresses. He died Dec. 2, 1886,
in Calais, Maine.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
745
PIKE, JAMES, clergyman, congress
man, was born in November, 1818, in
Salisbury, Mass. He was a minister in
the methodist episcopal church from 1841
to 1854; and was elected a representative
from New Hampshire in the thirty-fourth
and thirty-fifth congresses.
PIKE, JAMES SHEPARD, 'journalist,
author, was born Sept. 8, 1811, in Calais,
Maine. He was a journalist of New York
city who was minister to the Netherlands,
in 1861-66, and the author of A Prostrate
State; The Restoration of the Currency;
The Financial Crisis; Horace Greeley in
1872; The First Blows of the Civil War;
The New Puritan; and New England Two
Hundred Years Ago. He died Nov. 24,
1882, in Calais, Maine.
PIKE, JOSEPH W., farmer, educator,
was born Feb. 16, 1832, in Columbiana
county, Ohio. He has been a justice of
the peace, town coun
cilman, school teach
er, and prominent in
religious affaire in
Iowa at Millersville
and Sioux City. He
has contributed arti
cles on politics, tem
perance and prohibi
tion for thirty-rive
•^ years. His poems
1^^ have appeared in sev-
t jy," nil :-i;mci;iril works.
and in the leading
magazines and newspapers of the United
States.
PIKE, MRS. MARY HAYDEN
(GREEN), author, was born Nov. 30, 1825,
in Eastport, Maine. She was a once popu
lar novelist, and the author of Ida May;
Caste; Agnes; and Bond and Free.
PIKE, ZEBULON MONTGOMERY, sol
dier, traveler, was born Jan. 5, 1779, in
L/amberton, N. J. He was a surveyor of
the newly acquired territory of Louisiana
in 1805, and discovered that lofty peak of
the Rocky Mountains in Colorado which
bears his name. He died April 27, 1813.
PILCHER, ELIJAH HOMES, clergy
man, author, was born June 2, 1810, in
Athens, Ohio. He was a methodist cler
gyman of Michigan who wrote a History
of Protestantism in Michigan. He died
April 7, 1887, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
PILCHER, JAMES J., surgeon, author,
was born March 18, 1857, in Adrian, Mich.
He was surgeon in the army; professor of
military surgery in the Ohio Medical uni
versity; and of military hygiene in the
Starling Medical college. He is the author
of First Aid in Illness and Injury; and a
number of other popular medical works.
PILE, WILLIAM A., soldier, clergyman,
congressman, was born Feb. 11, 1829, near
Indianapolis, Ind. He was a clergyman
of the methodist
episcopal church,
and a member of the
Missouri conference
at the commence
ment of the rebel
lion. In 1861 he
joined the Missouri
volunteers as chap
lain; in 1862 had
command of a bat
tery of artillery as
captain, and was
soon afterward pro
moted to the rank of colonel of infantry.
In 1863 he was appointed a brigadier-gen
eral of United States volunteers, and was
in the Missouri campaign under General
Lyon. In 1866 he was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the fortieth
congress, and in 1869 was appointed gov
ernor of New Mexico. In 1871 he was ap
pointed minister resident to Venezuela.
He died July 7, 1889, in Monrovia, Cal.
PILGRIM, WILLIAM MAWER, mer
chant, legislator, was born Nov. 2, 1839, in
England. This successful merchant has
served as a representative in the legis
lature of Illinois from Bradford.
PILLING, JAMES CONSTANTINE, eth
nologist, author, was born Nov. 16, 1846,
in Washington, D. C. He was an ethnol
ogist of distinction in the government ser
vice, among whose writings are Bibliogra
phies of the Languages of the North
American Indians, of the Eskimoan Lan
guages, of the Siouan, of the Iroquoian,
and others. He died in 1895.
PILLOW, GIDEON JOHNSON, soldier,
was born June 8, 1806, in Williamson
county, Tenn. He became a brigadier-
general in 1846, and in 1861 major-general.
He died Oct. 6, 1878, in Lee county, Ark.
PILLSBURY, ALBERT E., lawyer, leg
islator, was born Aug. 19, 1849, in Mil-
ford, N. H. He has attained eminence as
one of the foremost lawyers of New Eng
land, and has a large practice in Boston,
Mass. He has filled various positions in
financial, charitable and other corpora
tions and associations. During 1876-78 he
was a member of the Massachusetts
house of representatives; a member of
the Massachusetts state senate in 1884-86,
and president of the senate in 1885-86. In
1891-93 he was attorney-general of Mas
sachusetts; and now holds the chair of
constitutional law in the Law school of
the Boston university. He has received
the honorary degree of A. M. from the
Harvard university.
PILLSBURY, CHARLES ALFRED,
merchant, was born about 1843 in Warner,
N. H. In 1869 he came west and settled in
Minneapolis. He went
about the study of
milling flour in a sci
entific way and in a
short time mastered
it. At that time there
were four or five old-
fashioned mills in the
town, and he under
took to introduce
new methods by re
placing the old stone
grinders with steel
ones. In 1872 he en
larged his plant, took his father and
brother into partnership, and by 1890 he
had built up the largest flour mill in the
world. The new process created a de
mand for hard spring wheat, which had
always ranked as less desirable than the
soft winter cereal. In 1890 an English
syndicate capitalized the concern, and Mr.
Pillsbury is its manager. The Pillsbury
mills are run on the profit-sharing plan.
PILLSBURY, JOHN S., merchant, state
senator, governor, was born in 1827, in
New Hampshire. In 1854 he removed to
Minnesota and settled at the Falls of St.
Anthony; and engaged in business as a
hardware merchant. He was for twelve
years a member of the Minnesota state
senate; and in 1864 was president of the
board of regents of the State university
of Minnesota. In 1877 he was elected gov
ernor of Minnesota, and in 1880 was re-
elected, serving until 1884.
PILLSBURY, OLIVER, educator, state
legislator, was born Feb. 16, 1817, in Hen-
niker, N. H. He served three terms in
the New Hampshire legislature, was a
state councillor in 1862 and 1863, display
ing executive ability and energy in busi
ness connected with the New Hampshire
quota of troops, and in 1869 was appoint
ed the first insurance commissioner of the
state, holding the office till his death. He
died Feb. 22, 1888, in Concord, N. H.
PILLSBURY, PARKER, abolitionist,
reformer, author, was born Sept. 22, 1809,
in Hamilton, Mass. In his infancy his
parents moved to Henniker, N. H., where
he received his education in the common
schools. In 1839 he was licensed to
preach, but subsequently abandoned the
pulpit and threw himself into the cause
of emancipation. His greatest work in
the anti-slavery cause was upon the plat
form, but for a time he had editorial
charge of the Herald of Freedom, and
later of the National Anti-Slavery Stan
dard. From 1840 until the legal extinc
tion of slavery he was one of the most
zealous and effective of the abolition ora
tors; and visited England in its cause in
1854. He subsequently engaged in the
elevation of woman and kindred reforms
in conjunction with Mrs. Stanton and
Susan B. Anthony. In his later years he
has been a student of theosophy, spirit
ism and other philosophical and psycho
logical subjects. He is the author of Acts
of the Anti-Slavery Apostles; and a
large number of addresses and articles on
various subjects. He resides in Con
cord, N. H.
PILSBURY, TIMOTHY, state senator,
congressman, was born April 12, 1789, in
Newbury, Mass. He settled in Maine;
was appointed a member of the executive
council; and also served in the state leg
islature. He went from Maine to Ohio,
thence to Louisiana, and finally to Texas.
He served a number of years in the sen
ate and house of representatives of Texas;
and when that republic came into the
union he was elected a representative in
congress from 1846 to 1849. He died Nov.
23, 1858, near Danville, Texas.
PINCHBACK, PINCKNEY BENTON
STEWART, journalist, state senator, was
born May 10, 1827, in Macon, Ga. He is
of African descent; was a member of the
constitutional convention of 1867; state
senator in 1868; and in 1870 established
the New Orleans Louisianian.
PINCKNEY, CHARLES, state legislat
or, congressman, United States senator,
was born in 1758 in Charlesion, S. C. He
served in the provincial legislature; and
was a member of the provincial congress
• in 1785. In 1787 he was a delegate to the
convention which framed the constitution
of the United States, and signed that in
strument. He was governor of South
Carolina from 1789 to 1792, and from
1796 to 1798. He was a senator in con
gress from 1798 to 1801; and in 1801 was
appointed minister to Spain, holding that
position until 1805. He served in the state
legislature in 1810 and 1812; and was a
representative in congress from 1819 to
1821. He died Oct. 29, 1824, in Charleston,
S. C.
PINCKNEY, CHARLES COTES-
WORTH, soldier, lawyer, jurist, public
official, author, was born Feb. 25, 1746, in
Charleston, S. C. He
was a member of
the first provincial
congress of South
Carolina in 1775; and
was a captain, and
soon after colonel of
the first South Caro
lina regiment. In
1779 he was presi
dent of the South
Carolina senate; and
defended Charleston
against General Pro
vost. He was a member of the con
vention which framed the federal consti
tution. He was major-general of state
militia; and in 1796 was minister to
France. On his return home he was made
major-general; was a candidate for the
vice-presidency in 1800; and was the au
thor of the famous sentiment: Millions
for defense, but not one cent for tribute.
He died Aug. 16, 1825, in Charleston, S. C.
746
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPH1'.
PINCKNEY, CHARLES COTES-
WORTH, clergyman, author, was born
July 31, 1812, in Charleston, S. C. He is
an episcopal clergyman of Charleston;
and the author of Life of General Thomas
Pinckney.
PINCKNEY, HENRY LAURENS, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, author,
was born Sept. 24, 1794, in Charleston, S.
C. He was a member of the South Caro
lina legislature from 1816 to 1832; and was
mayor of Charleston in 1832, and in 1839
and 1840. He was a representative in
congress from South Carolina from 1833
to 1837; and was subsequently collector
of the port, and a member of the legis
lature. He was editor of the Charleston
Mercury in 1819; and was a prominent
leader in the state rights party. He was
the author of Memoirs of Jonathan Max-
ey; Robert Y. Hayne; and Andrew Jack
son. He died Feb. 3, 1863, in Charleston,
S. C.
PINCKNEY, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, governor, was born
Oct. 23, 1750, in Charleston, S. C. He was
governor of South Carolina from 1787 to
1789; was minister to Great Britain from
1792 to 1794; and in the latter year went
on a mission to Spain, where he made the
treaty of St. Ildefonso, securing to the
United States the free navigation of the
Mississippi. In 1796 he returned to Char
leston; and was elected a representative
in congress from 1799 to 1801. He died
Nov. 2, 1828, in Charleston, S. C.
PINDALL, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1817
to 1820, when he resigned.
PINDAR, JOHN S., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Nov. 18, 1835, in
Sharon, N. Y. In 1868 he was elected the
first police justice of the village of Cobles-
kill, N. Y. In 1872 he was elected trus
tee of the village, in which position he
continued to serve until 1882, when he
was elected president of the village; and
was annually twice re-elected. In 1884 he
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-ninth congress; and
was re-elected to fill a vacancy in the
fifty-first congress.
PINDAR, SUSAN, author, was born
about 1820 in Tarrytown, N. Y. She is the
author of Susan Pindar's Story Books;
and Legends of the Flowers.
PINGREE, HAZEN S., merchant, gov
ernor, was born Aug. 30, 1842, in Den
mark, Maine. He was elected mayor of
Detroit in 1886 and served three succes
sive terms. He was elected governor of
Michigan in 1896.
PINGREE, SAMUEL EVERETT, sol
dier, lawyer, governor, was born Aug. 2,
1832, in Salisbury, N. H. He was twice
elected state's attorney for Windsor coun
ty, Vt. ; and in 1882 was elected lieuten
ant-governor of Vermont, serving two
years. In 1884 he was elected governor
of Vermont for a term of two years.
PINKERTON, ALFRED S., lawyer, was
born March 19, 1856, in Lancaster, Pa.
In 1886 he was elected a member of the
Massachusetts house of representatives;
and in 1890 was elected to the state sen
ate.
PINKERTON, ALLAN, detective, au
thor, was born Aug. 25, 1819, in Scotland.
He is a chartist who came to America in
1842 and settled in Chicago, where he
founded a famous detective agency. He
was the author of The Molly Maguires and
the Detectives; Criminal Reminiscences;
The Spy of the Rebellion; Thirty Years
a Detective; and Railroad Forgers and
the Detectives. He died July 1, 1884, in
Chicago, 111.
PINKLEY, VIRGIL A., orator, poet,
was born Feb. 18, 1852, in Girard, 111. He
is the director of -elocution and oratory
in the college of Music of Cincinnati,
Ohio. He is the author of a standard
work entitled Essentials of Elocution and
Oratory; and a volume of poems.
PINKNEY, FREDERICK, lawyer, jour
nalist, poet, was born Oct. 14, 1804, at sea.
He was deputy attorney-general of Mary
land, and assistant editor of the Maryland-
er, and subsequently of the Baltimore Pa
triot. During the civil war he published
poems and songs that became popular.
He died June 13, 1873.
PINKNEY, NINIAN, soldier, author,
was born in 1776 in Baltimore, Md. He
became captain in 1807, was major of the
fifth infantry, and aide to Gen. James Wil
kinson in 1813, became lieutenant-colonel
in 1814, and in 1820 was promoted colonel.
He was the author of a book entitled
Travels in the South of France and in the
Interior of the Provinces of Provence and
Languedoc by a Route Never Before Per
formed. He died Dec. 16, 1825, in Balti
more, Md.
PINKNEY, NINIAN, surgeon, was born
June 7, 1811, in Annapolis, Md. He en
tered the United States navy as assistant
surgeon in 1834, became surgeon in 1841,
and became medical director with the
rank of commodore in 1871. He died Dec.
15, 1877, near Easton, Md.
PINKNEY, WILLIAM, lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
March 17, 1764, in Annapolis, Md. He was
a member of the con
vention which rati
fied the federal con
stitution; and from
1789 to 1792 was a
representative i n
congress. In 1795 he
was a member of the
state legislature. In
1806 he was envoy
extraord i n a r y to
England, and in 1808
was made minister
plenipotentiary. He
settled in Baltimore in 1811; was soon
after a member of the state senate; and
in 1811 was attorney-general. He was a
representative in congress in 1815 and
1816; and was then made minister to
Russia and envoy to Naples. In 1819 he
was elected a member of the United States
senate, and continued in that station until
his death. He died Feb. 25, 1822, in Wash
ington, D. C.
PINKNEY, WILLIAM, bishop, was
born April 17, 1810, in Annapolis, Md.
He was the fifth protestant episcopal
bishop of Maryland. He died July 4, 1883.
PINNELL, ETHAN ALLEN, educator,
soldier, lawyer, jurist, was born Nov. 17,
1834, in Crawford county, Mo. He re
ceived his education
in the public schools
of Missouri; and
subsequently taught
in the schools of
Missouri and Illinois.
He served four years
in the confederate
service as captain of
company D, eighth
regiment Missouri
infantry. After the
war he continued
teaching until 1873,
when he was admitted to the bar at
Steelville, Mo. During 1882-86 he was
judge of probate in his native county;
and attained success as an able lawyer.
In 1893 he moved to Florida, where he is
a solicitor in chancery, abstractor of land
titles, and successful lawyer at Bronson.
PINNEY, DANIEL H., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born June 2, 1837, in
Albion, N. Y. He was a representative
in the Illinois state legislature in 1876
and 1877; and in 1883 was appointed as
sociate justice of the supreme court of
Arizona.
PINNEY, LAURA YOUNG, author,
poet, was born in Iowa. She is the author
of a collection of poems entitled Within
the Golden Gate.
PINNEY, NORMAN, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 21, 1800, in.
Simsbury, Conn. In 1852 he was associat
ed with Joseph Rindge in establishing a
large boys' school, which was called the
Collegiate institute of Mobile. He con
tributed poetry to periodicals, and was
the author of a series of text-books, in
cluding First Book in French; Key to the
Same; Progressive French Reader; and
Practical French Reader. He died Oct. 1,
1862, in New Orleans, La.
PINTARD, LEWIS, merchant, was born
Oct.- 12, 1732, in New York city. He
ranked as one of the great merchants of
his time, and was one of the incorporators
of the chamber of commerce, which was
established by George III in 1770 and by
the New York legislature in 1784. He died
March 25, 1818, in Princeton, N. J.
PIPER, RICHARD UPTON, physician,
author, was born April 3, 1818, in Strath-
am, N. H. He is a Chicago physician;
and the author of Operative Surgery; and
The Trees of America.
PIPER, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1811 to 1813.
PIPER, WILLIAM A., soldier, congress
man, was born in 1825 in Franklin coun
ty, Pa. He moved to California in 1849,
in San Francisco. In 1874 he was elected
a representative from California to the
forty-fourth congress as a democrat.
PIRCE, WILLIAM A., merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 29,
1824, in Scituate, R. I. In 1855 he was
elected a state senator; and in 1858 and
again in 1862 was elected a representative
in the Rhode Island legislature. In 1862
he was appointed assessor of internal
revenue for the second district of Rhode
Island, which position he held until the
office was abolished in 1873. In 1879 he
was again elected a member of the state
house of representatives, and was re-elect
ed in 1880 and 1881. In 1882 he was again
elected state senator. In 1884 he was.
elected a representative from Rhode
Island to the forty-ninth congress.
PIRTLE, HENRY, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born Nov. 5, 1798, in Wash
ington county, Ky. In 1825 he was ap
pointed a judge of the general court to
fill a vacancy. He was chancellor of the
Louisville chancery court and professor
of constitutional law, equity, and com
mercial law in the university of Louis*
ville in 1846-68. He published Digest of
the Decisions of the Court of Appeals of
Kentucky. He died March 28, 1880, la
Louisville, Ky.
PISE, CHARLES CONSTANTINE, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1802 in An
napolis, Md. He was a once prominent
Roman catholic clergyman of Brooklyn;
and the author of History of the Church
to the Reformation; The Acts of the
Apostles in Blank Verse; Father Row
land; Indian Cottage, a Unitarian Story;
The Pleasures of Religion, and Other
Poems; Horse Vagabundse; Alethia; Zen-
osius; Letters to Ada; Lives of St. Ig
natius and His First Companions; Notes
on a Protestant Catechism; and Chris
tianity and the Church. He died May 26,
1866, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
747
PITCHER, JAMES, clergyman, educat
or, author, was born Oct. 11, 1845, near
the village of Knox, N. Y. He received
a thorough education and the degree of
A. M. was conferred upon him by the
Union college of Schenectady, N. Y., and
the degree of D. D. by the Hartwick sem
inary, in which latter institution he was
principal for nineteen years, and in 1891
was made professor of English and na
tural sciences. He is the author of Out
lines of Surveying and Navigation; The
Hermit of Moss Pond, in rhyme; Rip
Van Winkle, in rhyme; and other works.
PITCHER, JAMES ROBERTSON, finan
cier, was born March 5, 1845, in Wind-
ham, N. Y. In 1877 he founded the
United States Mutual Accident associa
tion.
PITCHER, NATHANIEL, state legis
lator, congressman, governor, was born
in 1777 in Litchfleld, Conn. He was a
member of the New York legislature in
1806, 1815, 1816, and 1817; and was a dele
gate to the state constitutional conven
tion of 1821. In 1828 he was lieutenant-
governor and acting governor of the state;
and was subsequently commissioner to
survey the state roads. He was repre
sentative in congress from New York
from 1819 to 1823, and again from 1831 to
1833. He died May 25, 1836, in Sandy Hill,
N. Y.
PITCHER, THOMAS GAMBLE, soldier,
was born Oct. 23, 1824, in Rockport, Ind.
During 1871-77 he was governor of the
soldiers' home at Washington, D. C. ; and
during 1880-87 was superintendent of the
New York State Soldiers' and Sailors'
home.
PITCHER, ZINA, physician, was born
April 12, 1797, in Sandy Hill, N. Y. He
was appointed assistant surgeon in the
United States army in 1822; and sur
geon with rank of major in 1832. He was
a regent of the university of Michigan in
1837-52. He died April 5, 1872, in De
troit, Mich.
PITKIN, ALFRED HENRY, educator,
lawyer, clergyman, was born Sept. 4,
1867, in Watson, 111. After receiving the
rudiments of his education in the public
schools, he attended McKendree college
of Lebanon, 111. For many years he was
engaged in educational work, and was
professor of the Shumway High school.
He was next admitted to the bar, and
practiced that profession with success. He
is now a successful clergyman of the
methodist episcopal church at Odin, 111.;
and has filled pastorates in various other
cities. He has attained success in re
building churches and parsonages; has
received the degree of Ph. D. ; is an
orator of great power; and prominent in
the Epworth league of southern Illinois.
PITKIN, FREDERICK WALKER, gov
ernor, was born Aug. 31, 1837, in Man
chester, Conn. In 1878 he was elected
governor of Colorado, and re-elected to
this office in 1880 as a republican. He died
Dec. 18, 1886, in Pueblo, Colo.
PITKIN, TIMOTHY, state legislator,
congressman, author, was born Jan. 21,
1766, in Farmington, Conn. He was for
several years a member of the Connecti
cut legislature; and was speaker of the
house during five sessions. He was a
representative in congress from 1805 to
1819. He was the author of Statistical
View of the Commerce of the United
States; and Political and Civil History
of the United States from 1763 to the
Close of Washington's Administration.
He died Dec. 18, 1847, in New Haven,
Conn.
PITKIN, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1664 in Hartford, Conn. He was
judge of the county and probate courts
and of the court of assistants in Connec
ticut from 1702 till 1711 when the superior
court was established in place of the
court of assistants, and of which he was
chief justice in 1713. This office was held
by four successive generations of William
Pitkins. He died April 5, 1723, in Hart
ford, Conn.
PITKIN, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, gov
ernor, was born April 30, 1694, in Hart
ford, Conn. • He was a member of the
council in 1734; and was appointed a
judge of the state court of Connecticut in
1741. He was lieutenant-governor and
chief justice from 1754 to 1766; and in
1754 was one of the delegates to the con
vention at Albany. He was governor of
Connecticut from 1766 to 1769. He died
Oct. 1, 1769, in Hartford, Conn.
PITMAN, BENN, author, educator, art
critic, was born July 22, 1822, in Trow-
bridge, England. In 1857, after four
years of experiment
ing he was the first
to perfect the mod
ern method of pro
ducing and printing
from relief copper
plates. For this he
received a silver
medal from the Art
and Manufacturers'
exposition. During
1873-93 he was
a lecturer on art and
teacher of practical
art in the Cincinnati Art academy. He
is the author of The Reporter's Compan
ion; Manual of Phonography; and Phon
ographic Dictionary.
PITMAN, CHARLES W., congressman,
was born in New Jersey. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1849 to 1851.
PITMAN, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1784 in Rhode Island. He was for
forty years a judge of the United States
district court in his state. He died Nov.
17, 1864, in Providence, R. I.
PITMAN, MRS. MARIE J. [DAVIS],
journalist, author, was born March 17,
1850, in Hartwick, N. Y. She was a jour
nalist and correspondent of Boston who
published European Breezes and a num
ber of juvenile stories. She died Nov. 30,
1888, in Hartwick, N. Y. '
PITNEY, MAHLON, lawyer, congress
man, was born Feb. 5, 1858, in Morris-
town, N. J. He is a successful lawyer of
Morristown, N. J. In 1894 he was elected
to the fifty-fourth congress; was re-elect
ed to the fifty-fifth congress as a repub
lican.
PITRAT, JULIUS E., manufacturer, in
ventor, was born Dec. 26, 1817, in Lyons,
France. He emigrated to the United
States in 1839; during 1885-88 he invented
the computing scale.
PITTENGER, WILLIAM, soldier, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Jan.
31, 1840, in Knoxville, Ohio. He is a
methodist clergyman and educator of
Philadelphia, a federal soldier during the
civil war; and the author of Daring and
Suffering; Oratory, Sacred and Secular;
and Extempore Speech.
PITTS, EDMUND LEVI, lawyer, state
senator, was born May 23, 1839, in Yates,
N. Y. He was a member of the New York
assembly from 1864 till 1868, and its
speaker in 1867. From 1869 till 1873 he
was United States assessor of internal
revenue. He was a state senator from
1880 till 1887, serving as president pro
tempore in 1886-87.
PITTS, JOHN, state senator, congress
man, was born in 1738 in Boston, Mass.
He was selectman of Boston from 1773 till
1778; represented the city in several pro
vincial congresses; and was speaker of
the house in 1778, and afterward state
senator. He died in 1815 in Tyngsboro.
PITTSINGER, MRS. ELIZA A., poet,,
was born March 18, 1837, in Westhampton,
Mass. She commenced life as a school
teacher, then became
a proofreader and
reviewer in Boston.
She moved to Cali
fornia, where she at
tracted attention by
her stirring war
songs and poems
written during the
civil war. She is the
author of a volume
of poems entitled
Bugle Peals; and
her poems have been
included in Poets of America, and sev
eral other standard collections.
PITZLR, ALEXANDER WHITE, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Sept.
14, 1834, in Salem, Mass. He is a presby-
terian clergyman of Washington, profes
sor of biblical literature in Howard uni
versity from 1875; and the author of Ecce
Deus Homo; Christ the Teacher of Men;
The New Life and Not the Higher Life;
Confidence in Christ; and other works.
PLAISTED, HARRIS MERRILL, sol
dier, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, governor, was born Nov. 2, 1828, in
Jefferson, N. H. In 1861 he entered the
volunteer service as lieutenant-colonel;
and became a major-general by brevet. He
served two years in the New Hampshire
legislature; and was attorney-general for
Maine from 1873 to 1875. He was elected
a representative from that state to the
forty-fourth congress to fill a vacancy. He-
was governor of Maine from 1881 to 1883.
PLANT, DAVID, state senator, con
gressman, was born in Stratford, Conn.
In 1819 and 1820 he was speaker of the
state house of representatives; in 1821
a member of the state senate; and was
twice re-elected. From 1823 to 1827 he
was lieutenant-governor of the state;
and from 1827 to 1829 was a representa
tive in congress from Connecticut. He
died Oct. 18, 1851.
PLANT, HENRY BRADLEY, president
of the Plant system, was born Oct. 27^
1819, in Branford, Conn. He is president,
of the Plant system of railway and steam
ship lines and of the Southern and the
Texas Express companies.
PLANTEN, JOHN RUTGER, diplomat,
was born Nov. 30, 1835, in Amsterdam,
Netherlands. He attended the primary
school in the Netherlands; the Columbia
grammar schools of New York city; and
the Columbia college. During 1874-84 he
was vice-consul of the Netherlands; and
since 1884 has been consul-general of the
Netherlands.
PLANTS, TOBIAS A., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born March 17,.
1811, in Beaver county, Pa. He was a
member of the Ohio legislature from 1858
to 1861. In 1864 he was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the thirty-ninth
congress; and was re-elected to the for
tieth congress as a republican.
PLASSMANN, ERNST, artist, was born
June 14, 1823, in Sondern, Westphalia. He
executed many models for statuettes and
ornamental metal work, and gained sev
eral medals at the American institute for
his work in woodcarving and plaster mod
els. He published Modern Gothic Orna
ments, with thirty-three plates. He died
Nov. 28, 1877, in New York city.
748
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHV.
PLATER, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, governor, was born in 1736 in
St. Mary's county, Md. He was judge of
the Maryland court of appeals; and was
a delegate to the continental congress
from 1778 to 1781. He was president of
the convention which ratified the federal
constitution; and was governor of Mary
land in 1792. He died Feb. 10, 1792, in
Annapolis, Md.
PLATER, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1801 to 1805.
PLATT, CHARLES ADAMS, artist, was
born Oct. 16, 1861, in New York city. He
has given much attention to etching, in
which branch of art he has been very suc
cessful. His works include Interior of
Fishhouses; Fishing Boats; Provincial
Fishing Village; Old Houses Near Bruges;
Deventer, Holland; Quai des Orfevres,
Paris; and Dieppe.
PLATT, CHARLES DAVIS, educator,
author, was born March 18, 1856, in Eliza
beth, N. J. He has been principal of the
Morris academy at Morristown, N. J.,
since 1883. He is the author of a vol
ume entitled Ballads of New Jersey in the
Revolution.
PLATT, FRANKLIN, geologist, author,
was born Nov. 19, 1844, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is a Pennsylvania geologist, presi
dent of the Rochester and Pittsburg Coal
company from 1881; and the author of
Coke Manufacturing; Waste in Mining
Anthracite; and other volumes of geo
logical reports.
PLATT, JAMES H., soldier, physician,
banker, congressman, was born July 13,
1837, in Canada. He was elected a mem
ber of the constitutional convention of
Virginia in 1867. He was president of the
People's Savings bank of Petersburg; and
was elected a representative to the forty-
first, forty-second and forty-third con
gresses as a republican.
PLATT, JONAS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born June 30, 1769, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He was judge of the
supreme court of New York; and was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1799 to 1801. He died Feb. 22, 1834,
in Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
PLATT, ORVILLE HITCHCOCK, law
yer, state legislator, United States senator,
was born July 19, 1827, in Washington,
Conn. He was clerk of the Connecticut
state senate in 1855 and 1856; and was
secretary of the state in 1857. He was a
state senator in 1861 and 1862; and was
a representative in the state legislature
in 1864 and 1869, serving the latter year
as speaker. He was elected a senator of
the United States from Connecticut as a
republican for the term of six years from
March 4, 1879; in 1885 was re-elected for
a second term, ending March 3, 1891; and
was again elected in 1897 for term ending
In 1903.
PLATT, THOMAS COLLIER, mer
chant, banker, congressman, United States
senator, was born July 15, 1833, in Owego.
________^_ N. Y. He was presi
dent of the Tioga
National bank at its
organization; and
became largely inter
ested in the lumber
ing business in
Michigan. He was
county clerk of the
county of Tioga in
1859, 1860, and 1861;
and was elected to
the forty-third and
forty-fourth c o n-
gresses. He was elected United States
senator in 1881, and resigned that office
May 16 of the same year; and was chosen
secretary and director of the United States
Express company in 1879, and in 1880 was
elected president of the company. He was
member and president of the board of
quarantine commissioners of New York
from 1880 till 1888. He was president of
the Southern Central railroad. He was
elected United States senator in 1896, and
took his seat March 4, 1897. His term
of service will expire March 3, 1903.
PLATT, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, author, was born April. 16, 1821, in
Amenia, N. Y. He is an episcopal cler
gyman of Rochester. N. Y., and more re
cently of Petersburg, Va. He is the au
thor of Influence of Religion in the De
velopment of Jurisprudence; After
Death— What?; God Out and Man In; and
The Philosophy of the Supernatural.
PLATT, ZEPHANIAH, congressman,
was born in 1740 in Dutchess county, N.
Y. He was a delegate from New York
to the continental congress from 1784 to
1786.
PLATT. ZEPHANIAH, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1796 in Plattsburg, N. Y. He
was appointed by the United States gov
ernment its attorney to settle its claims
on the Pacific coast. He was state at
torney-general of Michigan for several
years, and took high rank at the bar. He
removed to South Carolina at the close of
the civil war, and from 1868 until his
death was judge of the second circuit. He
died April 20, 1871, in Aiken, S. C.
PLAUTZ, SAMUEL, clergyman, college
president, was born June 13, 1859, in
Gloversville, N. Y. For many years he
filled a pastorate in Detroit; and is now
the president of the Lawrence university
of Appleton, Wis.
PLEASANTON, AUGUSTUS JAMES,
soldier, author, was born in 1808 in Dis
trict of Columbia. He was an army officer
prominent for a short time as the author
of a work on the Influence of the Blue
Ray in Developing Animal and Vegetable
Life. He died in 1894.
PLEASANTS, JAMES, congressman,
governor, United States senator, was born
Oct. 24, 1769, in Goochland county, Va.
He was a representative in congress from
1811 to 1819; and was United States sen
ator from 1819 to 1822. He was governor
of Virginia from 1822 to 1825. He died
Nov. 9, 1836, in Goochland county, Va.
PLEASANTS, JOHN HAMPDEN, jour
nalist, was born Jan. 4, 1797, in Goochland
county, Va. He removed to Richmond,
Va., and in 1824 founded the Constitution
al Whig and Public Advertiser, and was
its chief editor for twenty-two years. He
died Feb. 27, 1846, in Richmond, Va.
PLEASONTON, ALFRED, soldier, was
born June 7, 1824, in Washington, D. C.
In 1844 he graduated from the United
States Military acad
emy. He took part
in the Mexican war;
served on frontier
duty; and was an
adjutant-general in
the Seminole war. In
1861 he was appoint
ed major; in 1862
was appointed brig
adier-general of vol
unteers; and subse
quently became a
major-general. He
participated in the numerous actions that
preceded the battle of Gettysburg, and
was commander-in-chief of the cavalry in
that engagement. In 1865 he was bre-
vetted brigadier-general of the United
States army. In 1868 he became United
States collector of internal revenue; and
a few years later was appointed president
of the Terre Haute and Cincinnati rail
road.
PLOWMAN, THOMAS SCALES, sol
dier, merchant, banker, congressman,
was born June 8, 1843. After the
war he engaged in the mercantile
business; and was three times mayor
of Talladega, Ala. For a number of
years he has been president of the First
National bank of Talladega, which he or
ganized. He was elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a democrat.
PLUMB, CHARLES SUMNER, educat
or, author, was born April 21, 1860, in
Westfield, Mass. He has been professor
of agriculture in various institutions; and
since 1890 with the Purdue university of
La Fayette, Ind. He is the author of
A Biographical Directory of American
Agricultural Scientists; Indian Corn
Culture; and during 1887-91 edited and
published a monthly magazine entitled
Agricultural Science.
PLUMB, PRESTON B., soldier, jour
nalist, lawyer, state legislator, United
States senator, was born Oct. 12, 1837, in
Berkshire, Ohio. In
1856 he moved to
Kansas; and the
following year was
instrumental in lay
ing out the town site
of Emporia; and
founded The Kansas
News. In 1851 he
was a member of
the Leavenworth
constitutional con
vention; was admit
ted to the bar in
1861; and served with distinction through
the civil war, attaining the rank of col
onel. In 1867-68 he was a representative
in the state legislature; and in 1877 be
came a United States senator from Kan
sas; and was re-elected in 1883 and in
1888. For fifteen years he was president
of the Emporia National bank. He died
Dec. 20, 1891, in Washington, D. C.
PLUMB, RALPH, soldier, merchant,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, wa's
born March 29, 1816, in Busti, N. Y. In
1854 he was elected a representative in the
Ohio state legislature and served three
sessions. He was brevetted lieutenant-
colonel for long and meritorious service
in the civil war. In 1866 he moved to Il
linois; and in 1882 was elected mayor of
Streator without an opposing vote, and
continued in that office until 1885. In 1884
he was elected a representative from Illi
nois to the forty-ninth and fiftieth con
gresses as a republican.
PLUMER, ARNOLD, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1837 to 1839,
and again from 1841 to 1843. He was sub
sequently appointed United States mar-
shall for the western district of Pennsyl
vania.
PLUMER, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in Allegheny county. Pa. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1821 to 1827.
PLUMER, WILLIAM, lawyer, state leg
islator, governor, United States senator,
was born June 25, 1759, in Newburyport,
Mass. He was for many years solicitor
for the county of Rockingham; was for
eight years a member of the state legis-
hiture, two years speaker of the house;
and served as a member and president of
the state senate. He was a senator in
congress from 1802 to 1807; and was gov
ernor of New Hampshire in 1813, and from
I Mii to 1819. He died June 22, 1850, in
Epping, N. H.
HKRRINGSHAWS KNCYCI^OPKDIA CF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
749
PLUMER, WILLIAM, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, author, poet, was
born Oct. 9, 1789, in Epping, N. H. He
frequently served in the state legisla
ture; and was a representative in con
gress from New Hampshire from 1819 to
1825. He was an active congressional op
ponent of slavery; and the author of
Lyra Sacra; and A Pastoral on the Story
of Ruth. He died Sept. 18, 1854, in Ep
ping, N. H.
PLUMER, WILLIAM SWAN, educator,
clergyman, author, was born July 25, 1802,
in Griersburg (now .Darlington), Pa. He
was a presbyterian clergyman of extreme
Calvinistic views, and professor of the
ology in the Theological seminary at Col
umbia, S. C., in 1856-80. His principal
writings include, Pastoral Theology; Je-
hovah-jireh; Studies in the Book of
Psalms; The Book of Our Salvation;
Words of Truth and Love; The Saint and
The Sinner; Vital Godliness; Comment
ary on Romans; and A Word to the
Weary. He dieci in 1880.
PLUMLEY. BENJAMIN RUSH, author,
was born March 10, 1816, in Newton, Pa.
During the civil war he served on the
staff of Gen. John C. Fremont, and sub
sequently he was on that of Gen. Nathan
iel P. Banks. He afterward settled In
Galveston, Texas. His works include
Kathaleen McKinley, the Kerry Girl;
Rachel Lockwood; Lays of the Quakers,
which appeared in the Knickerbocker;
and Oriental Ballads, in the Atlantic
Monthly. He died Dec. 9, 1887, in Galves-
tOB, Texas.
PLUMLEY, GARDINER S., clergyman,
poet, was born Aug. 11, 1827, in Washing
ton, D. C. For many years he has edited
The Learner and Teacher of New York
city. He has composed numerous hymns;
and is the author of a volume of poems.
PLUMMER, FRANKLIN E., lawyer,
jurist, congressman. He was at one time
a judge of the circuit court of Missis
sippi; and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1831 to 1835.
He died Sept. 24, 1852, in Jackson, Miss.
PLUMMER, JOSEPH B., soldier, was
born Aug. 10, 1820, in Barre, Mass. He
served in Florida, on the western frontier,
and in the Mexican war, became lieuten
ant in 1848, and captain in 1852. He was
appointed brigadier-general of volunteers,
and became major of infantry in 1862.
He died Aug. 9, 1862, near Corinth, Miss.
PLUMMER, WILLIAM A., lawyer, leg
islator, was born Dec. 2, 1865, in Gilman-
ton, N. H. He attended the Gilmanton
academy, Dartmouth
college, and the Bos
ton University
School of Law. In
1893 he served with
distinction as a rep
resentative in the
New Hampshire leg-
islature. He is now
a prominent lawyer
of Laconia, N. H.,
anf' a member of the
I'Oilnl Of I'll UCiU i()ll
of that city. He is a
member of the national democratic state
committee; and in 1896 was alternate del
egate to the national democratic conven
tion.
PLUMSTED, CLEMENT, mayor of
Philadelphia, was born in 1680 in Phila
delphia. He came to Philadelphia about
the time he attained his majority, became
a successful merchant, and its mayor. He
died May 26, 1745, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PLUNKETT, JOSEPH DANIEL, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, was born July 5,
1842, in Ireland. He served as a soldier
during the civil war. He entered into the
active practice of law in New Haven,
Conn. During 1883-84 he represented his
district in the general assembly of Con
necticut.
PLYMPTON, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
civil engineer, journalist, author, was born
Nov. 18, 1827, in Waltham, Mass. He is a
civil engineer of note, editor of Van Nos-
trand's Engineering Magazine in 1870-86;
and the author of The Blow-pipe; The
Starfinder; and The Aneroid.
POCAHONTAS, Indian heroine, was
born in 1594. She was a daughter of Pow-
hatan, an Indian chief of Virginia. She
saved the life of Capt. John Smith, who
was condemned to death by her father.
She subsequently married Thomas Rolfe;
accompanied her husband to England,
where she was presented to court. She
died a year later, at the age of twenty-
three, leaving one son. This son was edu
cated in England; afterward returned to
Virginia; became wealthy and distin
guished; and from whom have descended
several well-known families of that state.
She died in 1617.
POE, CASWELL T., physician, sur
geon, poet, was born March 27, 1830, in
Richmond, Va. For nearly half a century
he has followed his
profession of physi
cian and surgeon,
and for the past
quarter of a century
has practiced in
Grand Island, Neb.
He was city physi
cian for six terms;
county physician for
nine years; and med
ical director of St.
Frances hospital for
five years; volun
tarily resigning each of these positions be
cause of his advanced age. He is a de
scendant of the Poe family of which
Edgar Allan Poe was a member. Dr. Poe
is the author of a number of poems of
merit which have been given a place in
several standard collections.
POE, EDGAR ALLAN, author, poet,
was born Jan. 19, 1809, in Boston, Mass.
At nineteen he published his first volume,
Tamerlane, and Oth
er Poems. He led a
wandering, dissipat
ed life, editing at
various times
Graham's Magazine,
The Southern Liter
ary Messenger, and
other periodicals,
and died of delirium
tremens in Balti
more. Among his
prose tales, The Gold
Bug; The Fall of the
House of Usher; and Ligeia, are especially
characteristic of his genius, while such
poems as The Bells, The Raven, Annabel
Lee, display wonderful melody and per
fect mastery of metre. Beside Tamerlane,
his writings include, The Conchologist's
First Book; Eureka, a Prose Poem; The
Raven, and Other Poems; Tales of the
Grotesque and Arabesque; and The Nar
rative of Arthur Gordon Pym. The best
edition of Poe is that edited by E. C. Sted-
man and G. E. Woodbury, in ten volumes.
He died Oct. 7, 1849, in Baltimore, Md.
POE, ORLANDO METCALFE, soldier,
was born March 7, 1832, in Navarre, Ohio.
In 1865 he was brevetted brigadier-general
for gallant and meritorious service dur
ing the civil war.
POEHLER, HENRY, merchant, state
senator, congressman, was born Aug. 22,
1833, in Germany. He was elected a rep
resentative in the first legislature of Min
nesota after its admission as a state in
1857 and 1858, and again in 1865. He was
a state senator in 1872 and 1873, and in
1876 and 1877; and was elected a repre
sentative from Minnesota to the forty-
sixth congress as a democrat.
POINDEXTER, GEORGE, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, governor, United States
senator, was born in 1779 in Louisa coun
ty, Va. He was made attorney-general of
Mississippi; was a delegate to congress
from the territory from 1807 to 1813, when
he1 was appointed federal judge of the ter
ritory. He was a representative in con
gress from 1817 to 1819; was the second
governor of Mississippi under the state
constitution from 1819 to 1821; and was
a United States senator from Mississippi
from 1830 to 1835. He dieu Sept. 5, 1853',
in Jackson, Miss.
J-OINSETT, JOEL ROBERTS, congress
man, author, was born March 2, 1779, in
Charleston, S. C. He was a representative
in congress from South Carolina from
1821 to 1825. He was appointed United
States minister to Mexico; and was sec
retary of war under President Van Buren.
He was a botanist of some note, the genus
Poinsetiia having been named in his hon
or; and the author of Notes on Mexico,
made in 1822. He died Dec. 14, 1851, in
Statesburg, S. C.
POLAND, JOHN SCROGGS, soldier, ed
ucator, author, was born Oct. 14, 1836, in
Princeton, Ind. In 1886 he was promoted
lieutenant-colonel of the twenty-first in
fantry. He has published Digest of the
Military Laws of the United States.
POLAND, LUKE P., lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, United States
senator, was born Nov. 1, 1815, in West-
ford, Vt. In 1848 he was elected one of
the judges of the supreme court of Ver
mont, which office he continued to hold
by annual elections until 1865, when he
was appointed to fill a vacancy in the
United States senate. Just before his ap
pointment to the United States senate he
had been re-elected to the supreme bench,
upon which he held the position of chief
justice, to which he was promoted in 1860.
He was subsequently elected a representa
tive from Vermont to the fortieth con
gress; and was re-elected to the forty-
first, forty-second, forty-third, and forty-
eighth congresses as a republican. He
died July 2, 1887, in Waterville, Vt.
POLK, CHARLES, state senator, gov
ernor, was born in 1787 in Kent county,
Del. He served in the Delaware state sen
ate; was register of wills for a long time;
and was collector of customs. He was
twice governor of the state, once by elec
tion, and once by substitution as speaker
of the senate. He died Oct. 28, 1857.
POLK, JAMES KNOX, eleventh presi
dent of the United States, was born Nov.
2, 1795, in Mecklenburg county, N. C.
His ancestors' name
was Pollock. In
1806 his father and
family moved to
Nashville, Tenn.
James graduated
at the university of
North Carolina in
1818, and was admit
ted to the bar in
1820. In 1823 he was
elected to the Ten
nessee legislature,
and was a member of
that body two years. In 1825 he was elect
ed to the national house of representa
tives. He held the office by re-elections
for fourteen years, and was chosen speak-
'750
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
• er of the house two terms. He was elect
ed governor of Tennessee in 1839, and was
a candidate for re-election in 1841, but
was defeated. He was again a candidate
for the same office in 1843, and was again
defeated. On the 27th of May, 1844, the
national democratic convention assem
bled at Baltimore. On the first ballot
Martin Van Buren received 146 votes;
Lewis Cass, 83; Richard Mentor John
son, 24; John Caldwell Calhoun, 6, and 7
scattering. Mr. Van Buren received a
majority, but a rule of the convention re
quired a two-thirds vote to nominate.
On the eighth ballot Van Buren received
104; Cass, 114; James Knox Polk, 44.
On the ninth ballot the vote was unani
mous for Mr. Polk. George Mifflin Dallas
was nominated for vice-president. They
were elected the coming autumn, and took
the oath of office March 4, 1845. On the
3d of March, 1849, Mr. Folk's administra
tion closed. He returned to his home in
Nashville, and died June 15, 1849. Polk
held office twenty-two years. He left
about $150,000.
POLK, JEFFERSON SCOTT, lawyer,
railway president, was born Feb. 18, 1831,
near Georgetown, Ky. He received his
education at the Georgetown college, and
was admitted to the bar in 1854. In 1856
he moved to Des Moines, Iowa, where he
engaged in the practice of law, and soon
ranked with the ablest lawyers in the
state. In 1885 he retired from the active
practice of the law, and devoted his time
and attention to his various personal in
terests; and has since then been engaged
in promoting the building of various rail
roads leading into the city of Des Moines;
in building other public improvements;
and is largely interested in and president
of the consolidated street railway system
in the city of Des Moines.
POLK, JOHN A., farmer, legislator, was
born March 12, 1829, in Nelson county,
Ky. He has given much of his time to
grange and farmers' institute work; and
for two terms was a representative in the
Indiana state legislature. He is presi
dent of the Indianapolis, Greenwood and
Franklin Electric railroad.
POLK, LUCIUS EUGENE, soldier, state
senator, was born July 10, 1833, in Salis
bury, N. C. At the beginning of the civil
war he entered the confederate army as a
private under Gen. Patrick R. Cleburne,
but was soon commissioned first lieuten
ant. He was rapidly promoted until he
was made brigadier-general in 1862. In
1884 he was a delegate to the national
democratic convention at Chicago, and in
1887 became a member of the senate of the
state of Tennessee.
POLK, MILTON D., journalist, lawyer,
legislator, was born March 29, 1858, in
New Castle, Ind. His father was born in
South Carolina, of the same family as
James K. Polk. He received his education
in the Nebraska state university. Dur
ing 1888-89 he represented his county in
the Nebraska state senate; has prac
ticed law since 1890 in Plattsmouth, Neb.;
and since 1891 has been editor and owner
of the Daily News and the News-Herald of
that city.
POLK, TRUSTEN, lawyer, governor.
United States senator, was born May 29,
1811, in Sussex county, Del. In 1856 he
was elected governor of Missouri; and re
signed for a seat in the United States sen
ate, to which he was elected for a term of
six years from March 4, 1857. He was ex
pelled for disloyalty Jan. 10, 1862. He
died April 16, 1876, in St. Louis, Mo.
POLK, WILLIAM, patriot, was born
July 9, 1758, in Mecklenburg county, N.
C. In 1787 he was elected a member of
the general assembly; and in 1812 was ap
pointed a brigadier-general in the regular
army. He died Jan. 4, 1834, in Raleigh,
N. C.
POLK, WILLIAM HAWKINS, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born May 24, 1815. in Maury county, Tenn.
In 1841 and 1843 he was elected a repre
sentative in the Tennessee state legisla
ture; and was appointed charge d' af
faires to Naples, where he negotiated a
treaty with the Two Sicilies. He was a
representative in congress from Tennessee
from 1851 to 1853. He was a brother of
President Polk. He died Dec. 16, 1862, in
Nashville, Tenn.
POLLARD, EDWARD ALBERT, jour
nalist, author, was born Feb. 27, 1828, in
Nelson county. Va. He was a once noted
journalist of Richmond, Va., and an active
opponent of the policy of Jefferson Davis
during the civil war. He was the author
of Black Diamonds; Letters of the South
ern Spy; Southern History of the War;
Obser\ations in the North; The Lost
Cause; The Lost Cause Regained; Lee
and his Lieutenants; Life of Jefferson Da
vis, with the Secret History of the Con
federacy; and The Virginia Tourist. He
died Dec. 12, 1872, in Lynchburg, Va.
POLLARD, HENRY M., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 14, 1836, in
Plymouth, Vt. In 1865 he moved to Chilli-
cothe, Mo., and practiced law. He was
elected to the forty-fifth congress. '
POLLARD, HENRY RIVES, journalist,
was born Aug. 29, 1833. in Nelson coun
ty, Va. In 1867 he established, with his
brother, Southern! Opinion, in Richmond,
Va., of which he continued until his death
one of the editors and proprietors. He
died Nov. 24, 1868, in Richmond, Va.
POLLARD, JOSEPH GREELEY, manu
facturer, legislator, was born Feb. 11,
1833, in Milton, N. H. He was a suc
cessful leather manufacturer in Woburn,
Mass., but is not in active business now.
During 1866-68 he was a member of the
Massachusetts house of representatives,
and in 1869-70 was a member of the state
senate.
POLLARD, JOSEPHINE, litterateur,
author, was born about 1840 in New
York city. She was a writer of New York
city, whose work was mainly intended for
juvenile readers. She was the author of .
The Gypsy Books; A Piece of Silver; El
fin Land; Vagrant Verses; Songs of Bird
Life; The Decorative Sisters; The Boston
Tea Party; and Gellivor, a Christmas
Legend.
POLLOCK, AUGUSTUS, merchant, ban
ker, was born July 5, 1830, in Westphalia.
He emigrated to America in 1849; and in
1852 started in busi
ness for himself in
Baltimore, Md. Two
years later he moved
his business to
Wheeling, W. Va.,
which has since been
his home. In 1860 he
established a whole
sale notion house In
Wheeling, which he
continued until 1871.
He then founded a
cigar and tobacco
factory, which he still continues, employ
ing regularly over one hundred hands in
the production of Crown Stogie cigars. He
has always been a leader in every move
ment that had for its object the develop
ment of the business interests of his
adopted city. He had been president of
the German bank; president of the West
Virginia Tobacco company; a director in
the German Insurance company, and other
incorporations. During the civil war he
encouraged the organization of the first
German company of Wheeling volunteers
in the union army, and enlisted himself in
the home guards.
POLLOCK, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, governor, was born Sept. 11,
1810, in Milton, Pa. He was a judge of the
court of common pleas; was a represen
tative in congress from his native state
from 1843 to 1849; and was governor of
Pennsylvania from 1855 to 1858. He was a
delegate to the peace congress of 1861;
and in that year was appointed director
of the United States mint in Philadelphia,
serving as such until 1867. He died April
19, 1890, in Lock Haven, Pa.
POLLOCK, WILLIAM D., educator, law
yer, was born Oct. 24. 1862, in Onslow
county, N. C. He received his education
in the university of North Carolina; has
been superintendent of public instruc
tion, mayor of Kingston, N. C.; and chair
man of the democratic executive commit
tee of his county. He is a prominent law
yer of Kingston, N. C.
POLSLEY, DANIEL, agriculturist, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Nov.
28, 1803, near Fairmont, Va. He was elect
ed lieutenant-governor of the state, which
position he held until West Virginia was
admitted into the union. He was subse
quently elected judge of the seventh judi
cial circuit for six years; and in 1866 was
elected a representative from West Vir
ginia to the fortieth congress as a repub
lican.
POMEROY, BENJAMIN, clergyman,
was born Nov. 19, 1704, in Suffield, Conn.
He was ordained pastor on Dec. 16, 1735, in
Hebron. During the French and Indian
war he was chaplain to the American
army, and he filled a like office during the
revolutionary war. He was active in the
movement that led to the founding of
Dartmouth college, becoming one of its
first trustees. He died Dec. 22, 1784, in
Hebron, Conn.
POMEROY, CHARLES, lawyer, banker,
congressman, was born Sept. 8, 1825, in
Meriden, Conn. He became president of
the national bank in Fort Dodge, Iowa.
He was elected a representative from Iowa
to the forty-first congress as a republican.
POMEROY, JOHN NORTON, educator,
lawyer, author, was born April 12, 1828, in
Rochester, N. Y. He was a lawyer of
Rochester, N. Y., but subsequently pro
fessor of law in the university of Califor
nia in 1878-85. He was the author of In
troduction to Municipal Law; Remedies
and Remedial Rights; Specific Perform
ance of Contract; Equity Jurisprudence;
Riparian Rights; Introduction to United
States Constitutional Law; and Lectures
on International Law in Time of Peace.
He died Feb. 15, 1885, in San Francisco,
Cal.
POMEROY, MARCUS MILLS, journal
ist, author, was born Dec. 25, 1833, in El-
mira, N. Y. He was a journalist success
ively of La Crosse, Wis. ; New York city,
and Chicago. He was the author of Sense;
Nonsense; Gold Dust; Brick Dust; Our
Saturday Nights; Home Harmonies; and
Perpetual Money. He died in 1896.
POMEROY, SAMUEL CLARKE, lawyer,
state legislator, United States senator,
was born Jan. 3, 1816, in Southampton,
Mass. He was elected to the legislature of
Massachusetts in 1852. He moved to Kan
sas; and in 1861 took his seat in the
United States senate from Kansas for six
years. He was re-elected to the senate
for the term ending in 1873; and subse
quently settled in Washington city.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
751
POMEROY, SETH, soldier, was born
May 20, 1706, in Northampton, Mass. He
was an ardent patriot, and in 1774-75
•served as a delegate to the provincial con
gress, by which he was elected a general
officer in 1774, and brigadier-general in
1775. He died Feb. 19, 1777, in Peekskill.
POMEROY, THEODORE MEDAD, law
yer, banker, congressman, was born Dec.
31, 1824, in Cayuga, N. Y. During 1851-56
lie was district attorney of Cayuga coun
ty, N. Y.; a member of the assembly of
the New York state legislature in 1857;
and a member of the thirty-seventh, thir
ty-eighth, thirty-ninth, and fortieth con
gresses during 1861-69, being speaker of
the house in 1869. In 1875-76 he was may
or of the city of Auburn, N. Y. ; was a
state senator in 1878-79; and has taken
an active part in the public and political
affairs of his state.
POND, BENJAMIN, state legislator,
•congressman. He served four years in the
assembly of New York from Essex county.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1811 to 1813; and was re-
•elected. He died in June, 1815, in Schroon,
.N. Y.
POND, C. H., governor. He was elected
lieutenant-governor of Connecticut in
1853; and was subsequently acting gov
ernor of the state for almost one year.
POND, CHESTER PRATT, educator,
author, poet, was born Nov. 10, 1827, in
Venango county, Pa. In 1857 he opened
the business school in Kansas at Leaven-
worth. For fifty years he has been a
business college teacher; and now con
ducts a private school of business in To-
peka. He is the author of several prose
-works, and a volume of poems.
POND, ENOCH, educator, clergyman,
college president, author, was born July
29, 1791, in Wrentham, Mass. He was a
•congregational clergyman, professor in
the Theological seminary at Bangor,
Maine, from 1832, and its president from
1856. He was the author of Text-Book
of Ecclesiastical History; Pastoral Theol
ogy: Memoir of Zinzendorf; Life of In
crease Mather; Plato: his Life, Works.
Opinions, and Influence; Christian Theol
ogy; and History of God's Church. He
•died Jan. 21, 1882, in Bangor, Maine.
POND, FREDERICK EUGENE, author,
was born April 8, 1856, in Backwaukee,
"Wis. He is a sporting writer and editor
of Chicago; and the author of Handbook
for Young Sportsmen; Memoirs of Emi
nent Sportsmen; and Gun Trial and Field
Records of America.
POND. GEORGE EDWARD, journalist,
author, was born March 11, 1837, in Bos
ton, Mass. He is a journalist of New York
and Philadelphia, editor of The Army and
Navy Journal; and the author of The
Shenandoah Valley in 1864.
POND, JAMES BURTON, soldier, lec
ture manager, was born June 11, 1838, in
Cuba, N. Y. He served in the civil war;
attained for ganant services the rank of
major. After the civil war he entered
into the mercantile business; and is now
a lecture manager.
POND, SAMUEL WILLIAM, mission
ary, author, was born April 10, 1808, in
Washington, Conn. He is a congregational
missionary to the Indians in Minnesota;
and the author of History of Joseph in the
Dakota Language; and Wonapi Inonpa,
the Second Dakota Reading Book.
POND, WILLIAM ADAMS, soldier, mu
sic-publisher, was born Oct. 6, 1824, in Al
bany, N. Y. He became well known as a
publisher, and at the time of his death
was president of the United States Music
Publishers' association. He died Aug. 12,
1885. in New York <city-
PONDER, JAMES, merchant, state sen
ator, governor, was born Oct. 31, 1819. in
Milton, Del. In 1856 he was elected a rep
resentative to the Delaware legislature;
and in 1864 was elected state senator, and
in 1867 became speaker of that body. In
1870 he was elected governor of Delaware
for the term ending in 1875.
POOK, SAMUEL HARTT, naval con
structor, was born Jan. 17, 1827, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. In 1842 he became a naval
architect, and in 1866 was appointed con
structor in the United States navy.
POOK, SAMUEL MOORE, naval con
structor, was born Aug. 15, 1804, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was the inventor of nu
merous devices connected with his pro
fession, and wrote A Method of Compar
ing the Lines; and Draughting Vessels
Propelled by Sail or Steam. He died Dec.
2, 1878, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
POOL, CHARLES C., lawyer, legislator,
jurist, was born in 1845 in Elizabeth City,
N. C. He was a member of the state con
stitutional convention in 1868, and in 1870
was elected a judge of the superior court
of the state of North Carolina. He was
twice elected a member of congress, and
in 1896 became mayor of his native city.
POOL, JOHN, lawyer, United States sen
ator, was born June 16, 1826, in Pasquo-
tank county, N. C. He was elected to the
North Carolina state
senate in 1856 and
1858; and was again
chosen to the state
senate as a peace
candidate. He took
a leading part in the
movements for peace.
He was a member of
the state constitu
tional convention of
1865, and was again
elected to the senate.
In 1865 he was elect
ed a senator in congress from North
Carolina, but was not admitted; and in
1868 was re-elected to the same position
for the term ending in 1873. He died Aug.
18, 1884, in Washington, D. C.
POOL, MARIA LOUISE, author, was
born in 1845 in Massachusetts. She was a
novelist of Rockland, Mass., for many
years a writer for the New York Tribune;
and the author of In Buncombe County;
A Vacation in a Buggy; Tenting at Stony
Beach; Dolly; Roweny in Boston; Mrs.
Keats Bradford; Out of Step; The Two
Salomes; Katharine North; Mrs. Gerald;
Against Human Nature; In a Dike Shan
ty; In the First Person; and Boss and
Other Dogs.
POOL, WALTER F., lawyer, congress
man, was 'born Nov. 10, 1850, in Elizabeth
City, N. C. He was elected a representa
tive from North Carolina to the forty-
eighth congress. He died Aug. 25, 1883,
in Elizabeth City, N. C.
POOLE, DANIEL, soldier, manufactur
er, inventor, was born June 10, 1797, in
Abingdon, Mass. He was the inventor and
patentee of shoe nails, and other valuable
nails and tacks, which he manufactured
in Philadelphia, Pa. About 1827 he in
vented and patented a cracker machine,
and also a spinning jenny. He also in
vented a dredging machine, brick-making
machinery, and a quartz crusher. He died
March 5, 1864, at Mt. Carmel, 111., of which
city he was mayor in 1854.
POOLE, EDWARD, colonist, was born
in 1609 in Weymouth, England. In 1639
he came to America and founded Wey
mouth, Mass. He was a large landed pro
prietor, an influential man, and died in
1664.
POOLE, EDWARD VALENTINE, bank
er, was born April 3, 1826, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He founded the First National bank
of Pittston, Pa., and the Home Savings
bank of South Waverly, Pa. He was cap
tain of an independent military company.
He died Oct. 6, 1887, in Wyoming, Del.
POOLE, FITCH, journalist, librarian,
state legislator, author, poet, was born
June 13, 1803, in Danvers, Mass. He
edited the Danvers Wizard from its estab
lishment in 1859 till 1868. He was the
founder of the Mechanics' Institute li
brary, which afterward became the Pea-
body institute, and he was its librarian
from 1856 till his death. He was in the
legislature in 1841-42, and held several lo
cal offices. He was the author of numerous
satirical ballads that attained popularity,
the best known of which was Giles Corey's
Dream. He died Aug. 19, 1873, in Pea-
body, Mass.
POOLE, MRS. HESTER MARTHA
[HUNT], author, was born in 1843 in Ver
mont. She is a writer living at Metut-
chen, N. J., who has written much for
periodicals on social and domestic topics;
and the author of Fruits and How to Use
Them.
POOLE, JAMES EARL, lawyer, journal
ist, was born Sept. 10, 1852, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He served as mayor of Wei
mar, Tex., for two terms; in 1880 he was
prosecuting attorney of his county; and
in 1884-90 was county judge for three
terms. He is the editor and owner of
the Free Press of Haskell, Tex.
POOLE, MURRAY EDWARD, lawyer,
author, was born July 17, 1857, in Centre
Moreland, Pa. He attended the Wyoming
seminary, and in
1880 graduated from
the Cornell univer
sity with the degree
of A. B. In 1889 he
was admitted to the
bar; and the same
year was appointed
special county judge
by Governor David
B. Hill. He is the
author of the His
tory of Edward Poole
of Weymouth, Mass.;
and His Descendants; and has contribu
ted to several cyclopedias and numerous
leading newspapers and magazines. He is
a member of the American Historical as
sociation, the American Bar association,
Society of the Sons of the Revolution,
Society of Colonial Wars, Military Society
of Foreign Wars, Society of the War of
1812, and over eighty other historical and
learned societies in the United States and
foreign countries.
POOLE, SAMUEL, legislator, was born
in 1790 in Weymouth, Mass. He was one
of the original settlers of Abington,
Mass., and the first representative of that
place to the general court in 1735, in
which he served several successive years.
He died in 1785.
POOLE, SAMUEL, JR., patriot of the
revolutionary war, was born Sept. 18,
1813, in Abington, Mass. He was a rep
resentative to the general court in 1765,
and 1778-80, and a member of the first
state constitutional convention of 1879.
He died April 28, 1796, in Plainfield, Mass.
POOLE, SAMUEL, soldier, farmer, was
born Aug. 27, 1736, in Abington, Mass.
He was a soldier in the old French and
Indian wars, and became a second-lieu
tenant in the revolutionary war, in which
he served five years. He died Dec. 19,
1830, at Easton, Mass.
752
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
POOLE, STEPHEN D., educator, jour
nalist, was born in 1852 in North Caro
lina. In 1882 he became state superin
tendent of public instruction of North
Carolina; and subsequently was editor of
the New Orleans Daily Bee. He died in
1889 in New Orleans, La.
POOLE, THEODORE L., soldier, manu
facturer, congressman, was born April 10,
1840. in Elbridge, N. Y. He enlisted as
quartermaster - ser-
.,,; geant in the one
hundred and twenty-
second regiment New
York volunteers in
1862. He was dis
charged as captain
and brevet major in
1866. He was county
clerk of Onondaga
county in 1868-70;
and United States
pension agent for the
western district of
New York from 1879 to 1888; commander
of the department of New York, Grand
Army of the Republic, in 1892. He has
been engaged in the manufacture of salt
and is interested in various manufacturing
and other corporations; and is one of the
directors of the bank of Syracuse. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
POOLE, WILLIAM FREDERICK, bibli
ographer, librarian, author, was born Dec.
24, 1821, in Salem, Mass. He was a bibli
ographer of Chicago, librarian of the Pub
lic library there in 1874-87, and, from the
latter date, of the Newberry library. Chi
cago. He is best known as compiler of
Poole's Index to Periodical Literature.
Two supplementary volumes carry the
work forward to January, 1892. Other works
of his are, Anti-Slavery Opinions before
1800; The Battle of the Dictionaries;
Websterian Orthography; and Cotton
Mather and Salem Witchcraft. He died in
1894.
POOLE, WILLARD HENRY, educator,
author, was born in 1864 in Massachu
setts. He is an educator of Fall River,
Mass.; and the author of Elementary
Course in Experimental Physics.
POOLEY, JAMES HENRY, educator,
journalist, physician, surgeon, author,
was born Nov. 17, 1839, in England. Since
1883 he has held the chair of surgery in
Toledo Medical college. He has edited the
Ohio Medical and Surgical Journal since
1876, and has been a voluminous contribu
tor to surgical literature.
POOR, CHARLES HENRY, naval of
ficer, was born June 11, 1808, in Cam
bridge Mass. He served with distinction
in the civil war, attaining the rank of
rear-admiral. He died Nov. 5, 1882, in
Washington, D. C.
POOR, ENOCH, soldier, was born June
21, 1736, in Andover, Mass. He served
through the civil war. attaining the rank
of brigadier-general in 1777. He died Sept.
8, 1780, in Hackensack, N. J.
POOR, HENRY VARNUM, lawyer, jour
nalist, author, was born in December,
1812, in Andover, Maine. In 1868 he pub
lished a Manual of the Railroads of the
United States, which has been issued year
ly. In 1877 he published Money: its Laws
and History, a large octavo volume, as
also a work entitled Resumption and the
Silver Question. Besides these more im
portant works he has been a frequent con
tributor to the newspapers and periodi
cals on a great variety of topics, and is
now, it is said, engaged on a History of
the United States.
POOR, JOHN ALFRED, lawyer, jour
nalist, author, was born Jan. 8, 1808, in
Andover. Maine. He was the first active
promoter of the present railroad system
of his native state; originated the Euro
pean and North American line; and wrote
Vindication of the Claims of Sir Ferdi-
nando Gorges as the Founder of English
Colonization in America. He died Sept. 5,
1871, in Portland, Maine.
POORE, BENJAMIN PERLEY, journal
ist, author, was born Nov. 2, 1820, in New-
buryport, Mass. He was a once well-
known journalist of Washington; and the
author of Campaign Life of Zachary Tay
lor; Early Life of Napoleon; Rise and
Fall of Louis Philippe; Agricultural His
tory of Essex County, Massachusetts; Life
of Burnside; Political Register and Con
gressional Directory, 1776-1878; and Per-
ley's Reminiscences of Sixty Years. He
died May 30, 1887, in Washington, D. C.
POORE, HENRY RANKIN, artist, edu
cator, was born March 21, 1859, in New
ark, N. J. He studied in Paris, and for
many years has been instructor in the
Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts; and
is protessor of Chautauqua School of Fine
Arts.
POPE. ALBERT A., soldier, manufac
turer, was born May 20, 1843, in Boston,
Mass. He served as a soldier during the
civil war; was pro
moted to lieutenant-
colonel. The Pope
Manufacturing com
pany, for which Col
onel Pope supplied
the capital, and of
which he has from
the outset been pres
ident and active
manager, was organ
ized early in 1877 for
the marketing o f
small patented arti
cles. The same year he visited England,
and placed an order for an importation
of English bicycles. The first bicycles
were manufactured in the United States
In 1878 by the Weed Sewing Machine com
pany of Hartford, Conn. They were soon
controlled and finally bought out by Col
onel Pope. He has built up a large busi
ness, employing a capital of over two mil
lions of dollars, utilizing four factories at
Hartford, Conn.
POPE. BENJAMIN W., educator, law
yer, jurist, was born Oct. 20, 1853, in
Franklin county, 111. He attended the
university of Champaign, Illinois, and the
St. Louis and Chicago Law schools. He
has been superintendent of schools in Du
Quoin and Tamawa, 111.; and was ad
mitted to the bar in 1878. During 1890-94
he was county judge of Perry county; and
since 1893 has been postmaster of Du-
Quoin, 111.
POPE, CADESMAN, educator; clergy
man, was born June 21, 1838, near Flat
Shoals. G.a. He received the rudiments of
his education in the
public schools of his
native city, finishing
at Emory college of
Oxford, Ga. In 1858
he entered the Geor
gia conference of the
methodist episcopal
church south, was
4^K I transferred to Ar-
^^^^Jj ^^^^ kansas. where he
filled important sta
tions for twenty
years; four years of
which he was presiding elder in the Little
Rock conference. In 1879 he returned to
Georgia and preached for seven years;
then for twelve years was president of the
Female college of Millersburg, Ky.
POPE, CHARLES ALEXANDER, sur
geon, was born March 15, 1818, in Hunts-
ville, Ala. He became professor of anato
my, and afterward of surgery in St. Louis
university; aided in organizing St. Louis
Medical college, and was president of the
American Medical association in 1853. He
died July 6, 1870. in Paris, Mo.
POPE, FRANKLIN LEONARD, civil
engineer, author, was born Dec. 2, 1840, in
Great Barrington, Mass. He was an elec
trical engineer of New York city; and the
author of Modern Practice of the Electric
Telegraph; and Life and Work of Joseph
Henry.
POPE, JOHN, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, governor, was born in 1770
in Prince William county, Va. He moved
to Kentucky; served a number of years in
the legislature; and was a presidential
elector in 1801. He was a senator in con
gress from that state from 1807 to 1813;
and in 1829 was appointed governor of the
territory of Arkansas. He was a represen
tative in congress from 1837 to 1843. He
died July 12, 1845, in Springfield, Ky.
POPE. JOHN, soldier, author, was born
March 16, 1822, in Louisville, Ky. He was
a prominent general in the federal army
during the civil war.
In 1882 he was made
a major-general in
the regular army;
assigned to the de
partment of the Pa
cific in 1884; and re
tired in 1886. He was
the author of a Me
moir of his cam
paigns entitled Cam
paign in Virginia;
| and also published a
valuable work on Ex
plorations from the Red River to the Rio
Grande. He died Sept. 23, 1892.
POPE, JOHN HUNTER, physician, au
thor, was born Feb. 12, 1845, in Washing
ton, Ga. From 1874 till 1875 he was sec
retary of the Harrison county, Texas,
Medical association; and in 1879-80 he was
president of the Texas State Medical as
sociation. He has published a History of
Epidemic of Yellow Fever at Marshall.
Tex.;. Report on Climatology and Epi
demics of Texas; and Report on the Sci
ence and Progress of Medicine.
POPE, MRS. MARION [MANVILLE],
poet, was born in 1859 in Wisconsin. She
is a poet whose home in recent years has
been in Valparaiso, Chili; and is the au
thor of Over the Divide, and Other Verses.
POPE, NATHANIEL, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Jan. 5, 1784, in
Louisville, Ky. He practiced law in St.
Genevieve, Mo.; was appointed secretary
of the territory of Illinois in 1809, and re
moved there; and was elected delegate to
congress in 1817. In 1818, when Illinois
was admitted as a state, he was appointed
United States district judge, and held that
office until his death. He died Jan. 23,
1850, in St. Louis, Mo.
POPE, PATRICK, H., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1833 to 1835. He died in
May, 1841, in Louisville, Ky.
POPE, WILLIAM COX, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 21, 1841, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He has been rector of the
church of the Good Shepherd of St. Paul,
Minn., from its organization in 1868 to
the present time. He is the author of sev
eral religious works.
POPE, WINFIELD SCOTT, lawyer, leg
islator, was born July 20, 1847, in David
son county, N. C. He is an eminent law
yer of Jefferson City, Mo.; has served two
terms in the state legislature of Missouri.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
753
POPPLETON, BARLEY P., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
Sept. 29, 1834, in Richland county, Ohio.
In 1861 he moved to Delaware, Ohio; was
elected state senator in 1870 to fill a va
cancy; and was elected a representative
from Ohio to the forty-fourth congress as
a democrat.
PORCHER, FRANCIS PEYRE, physi
cian, botanist, author, was born Dec. 14,
1825, in St. John's, Berkeley, S. C. He was
a physician and botanist of Charleston;
and the author of Sketch of the Medical
Botany of South Carolina; and Resources
of the Southern Fields and Forests He
died in 1895.
PORTER, ALBERT G., lawyer, con
gressman, go\ernor, was born April 20,
1824, in Lawrenceburg, Ind. He was ap
pointed reporter of
the decisions of the
supreme court of In-
diana, publishing
five volumes. H e
£ served two terms as
city attorney of In
dianapolis; and was
twice elected a mem
ber of the city coun
cil. In 1858 he was
elected a representa
tive from Indiana to
the thirty-sixth con
gress; and was re-elected to the thirty-
seventh congress. In 1878 he was ap
pointed first comptroller in the treasury
of the United States; and in 1880 was
elected governor of Indiana for four years
from January, 1881.
PORTER, ALEXANDER J., lawyer, ju
rist, United States senator, was born in
1786 in Ireland. In 1810 he removed to St.
Martinsville, La.; and was active in fram
ing the state constitution in 1811. He be
came a judge of the supreme court of the
state in 1821, and served fifteen years.
He was United States senator from 1833
to 1837; and was re-elected in 1843, but
ill-health prevented him from taking his
seat. He died Jan. 13, 1844, in Attakapas,
La.
PORTER, ANDREW, soldier, was born
Sept. 24. 1743, in Worcester, Pa. In the
war of 1812 he was appointed brigadier-
general in the regular army and secretary
of war, but declined both positions on the
ground that a younger man might serve
the country more efficiently. He died Nov.
16, 1813, in Harrisburg, Pa.
PORTER, ANDREW, soldier, was born
July 10, 1819, in Lancaster, Pa. He served
with distinction in the Mexican and civil
wars; and attained the rank of brigadier-
general of volunteers in 1861. He died
Jan. 4, 1872, in Paris, France.
PORTER, AUGUSTUS STEELE, law
yer, congressman, was born Jan. 18, 1798,
in Canandaigua, N. Y. He practiced law
for twenty years at Detroit, Mich., of
which city he was chosen mayor in 1838.
He was a senator in congress from Michi
gan from 1840 to 1845. He died Sept. 18,
1872, in Niagara Falls, N. Y.
PORTER, BENJAMIN CURTIS, artist,
was born Aug. 27, 1843, in Melrose, Mass.
His works include Henry V. and the Prin
cess Kate; The Mandolin-Player; Cu
pid with Butterflies; The Hour-Glass;
Portrait of Lady, with Dog, in the Cor
coran gallery, Washington; and Portrait
of Boy with Dog.
PORTER, BENJAMIN F., soldier, jurist,
was born Dec. 25, 1843, near Mount Ver-
non, Ala. During the war he served in
company E, eleventh Alabama regiment;
served in the Virginia army, and was cap
tured at Sharpsburg, Md. He was wound-
48
ed at Salem church, and again at railroad
below Petersburg; and was in the Ma-
hone brigade. For six years he was clerk
of the circuit court, and justice of the
peace; in 1880 was elected judge of the
probate court, and ex-officio judge of the
county court of Washington county, Ala.,
and he is now serving his third term of
six years.
PORTER, BENJAMIN FICKLING, law
yer, author, was born in 1808 in Charles
ton, S. C. He attained prominence as one
of the foremost law
yers of Alabama; and
took part in many of
the leading cases
tried in that state
for the past fifty
years. He has also
contributed valuable
articles to law jour
nals, and also to the
leading newspapers
and magazines of the
United States. He
is the author of Ala
bama Supreme Court Reports; and Offices
of Executors and Administrators.
PORTER, CHARLES A., senator, legis
lator, was born May 15, 1839, in Philadel
phia, Pa. In 1872-75 he was a representa
tive to the Pennsylvania legislature; and
in 1890 was elected to the senate.
PORTER, CHARLES H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born in Cairo, N.
Y. He settled at Norfolk, Va.; was attor
ney for the commonwealth from 1863 un
til 1870; and attorney for the city one
year. He was a member of the constitu
tional convention of Virginia in 1867 and
1868; and was elected a representative
from Virginia to the forty-first and forty-
second congresses as a republican.
PORTER, CHARLES TALBOT, civil
engineer, author, was born in 1826 in New
York. He is a mechanical engineer of
prominence; and the author of Mechanics
and Faith, a Study of the Spiritual Truths
in Nature.
PORTER, CYRUS KINNE, architect,
was born Aug. 27, 1828, in Cicero, N. Y.
Among the notable buildings erected re
cently which show his complete mastery
of every detail of his profession, may be
mentioned the Coal and Iron exchange,
Trinity church, St. Patrick's church, and
the Builder's exchange, Buffalo, N. Y.
PORTER, DAVID, naval officer, author,
was born Feb. 1, 1780, in Boston, Mass.
He was a once noted commodore in the
United States navy; and in 1839 became
United States resident minister to Turkey.
He was the author of Journal of a Cruise
to the Pacific Ocean in 1812-15; and Con
stantinople and its Environs. He died
March 3, 1843, in Turkey.
PORTER, DAVID DIXON, naval officer,
author, was born June 8, 1813, in Chester,
Pa. He was an admiral of the federal
army who command
ed the fleet at the
storming of Fort
Fisher, and amused
his latest years by
the composition of
sensational roman
ces. He was the au
thor of Life of Com
modore Porter; Al
lan Dare and Robert
le Diable; Adven
tures of Harry Mar
line; Arthur Merton,
a romance; Incidents and Anecdotes of the
Civil War; and History of the Navy in
the War of the Rebellion. He died Feb.
13, 1891, in Washington, D. C.
PORTER, DAVID RITTENHOUSE,
lawyer, state legislator, governor, was
born Oct. 31, 1788, in Norristown, Pa. He
was a member of each branch of the Penn
sylvania state legislature. He was gov
ernor of Pennsylvania from 1839 to 1845;
and his election in 1838 in Philadelphia
county gave rise to much excitement at
the state capitol, known as the Buckshot
War, growing out of a charge of irregu
larity in the election. He died Aug. 6,
1867, in Harrisburg, Pa.
PORTER, EBENEZER. clergyman, ed
ucator, author, was born Oct. 5, 1772, in
Cromwell, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman and educator, of contemporary
renown as a preacher. He was professor
of sacred rhetoric at Andover Theological
seminary in 1812-32, and president of that
institution from 1827 till his death. Among
his publications are The Young Preacher's
Manual; A Rhetorical Reader, which
reached its three hundredth edition; Lec
tures on Homiletics; and Lectures on
Eloquence and Style. He died April 8,
1834, in Andover.
PORTER, FITZ-JOHN, soldier, author,
was born June 13, 1822, in Portsmouth,
N. H. He is a brevet brigadier-general
dismissed from the
service in 1863, rein
stated by act of con
gress in 1886. After
his retirement from
the army he was ap
pointed commission
er of public works of
New York city; and
was employed by the
New Jersey Central
Railroad company as
assistant receiver for
several years. He re
ceived an appointment as police commis
sioner of the city of New York and on
the expiration of his term of office in that
department he was appointed fire com
missioner, from which place he retired at
the close of his term. He then became a
cashier in the New York postoffice. He
is the author of Narrative of the Services
of the Fifth Army Corps in 1862 in North
ern Virginia.
PORTER, GEORGE BRYAN, lawyer,
governor, was born Feb. 9, 1791, in Nor
ristown, Pa. He was governor of Michi
gan territory from 1831 to 1834. He died
July 18, 1835, in Detroit, Mich.
PORTER, GEORGE LORING, soldier,
physician, surgeon, was born April 29,
1838, in Concord, N. H. He attended the
New London academy, and the Brown uni
versity of Providence, R. I., from which
institution he graduated in 1859 with the
degree of A. M. During the war he was
captain and brevet major in the United
States army. In 1862 he was assigned to
duty at the General hospital at Strasburg,
placed in charge of the hospital and took
care of the confederate wounded also. He
has attained success in his profession at
Bridgeport, Conn.; has been president of
the Connecticut Medical society, and vice-
president of several medical bodies. He
has contributed valuable papers for medi
cal literature, and was instrumental in
the passage of the coroner's law of Con
necticut in 1882.
PORTER, GEORGE W., soldier, was
born about 1806. He was a lieutenant in
the thirty-eighth United States infantry
in 1814-15; and made many valuable inven
tions, including the Porter rifle. He died
Nov. 7, 1856, in Memphis, Tenn.
PORTER, GILCHRIST, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a represen
tative in congress from Missouri from
1851 to 1857.
754
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PORTER, HENRY H., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Sept. 17, 1838, in Holmes
county, Ohio. He was admitted to the
bar in 1870; and in 1880-81 was a member
of the house of representatives of the
sixty-fourth general assembly of Ohio.
PORTER, HENRY OGDEN, naval of
ficer, was born in 1823 in Washington, D.
C He served in one of Walker's expedi
tions to Central America, where he fought
bravely, and was wounded several times.
Afterward he was appointed lieutenant in
the United States revenue marine, and
during the civil war was made acting mas
ter in the navy April 24, 1862, serving as
executive officer on the Hatteras when
that vessel was sunk by the confederate
steamer Alabama. He died in 1872 in
Baltimore, Md.
PORTER, HORACE, soldier, was born
April 15, 1837, in Huntington, Pa. He
served through the civil war; and for
meritorious services received the rank of
brigadier-general. He was the first presi
dent of the New York West Shore and
Buffalo railroad.
PORTER, J. DE FOREST, lawyer, ju
rist, was born in New York. He settled
in Nebraska; and in 1872 was appointed
an associate justice of the supreme court
for the territory of Arizona, residing in
Arizona City.
PORTER, JAMES, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in Williams-
town, Mass. He was a member of the
state assembly in 1814 and 1815; and was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1817 to 1819. After leaving
congress he was appointed register of the
court of chancery, which office he held un
til his death, in Albany, N. Y.
PORTER, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born in 1800 in Maine. He was a
prominent methodist clergyman of Bos
ton; and the author of History of Metho
dism; The Winning Worker; Hints to
Self-Educated Ministers; and Compendi
um of Methodism. He died April 16, 1888,
in Brooklyn, N. Y.
PORTER, JAMES DAVIS, soldier, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, governor, was
born Dec. 7, 1828, in Paris, Tenn. In 1859
he was elected a representative in the
Tennessee legislature. He served in the
confederate army throughout the civil war
as chief of staff on the staff of General
Cheatham. In 1870 he was elected a mem
ber of the state constitutional convention
of Tennessee; and in the summer of the
same year was elected circuit judge for
the twelfth judicial circuit of Tennessee.
In 1874 he was elected governor of Ten
nessee, serving until 1879. In 1880 he was
elected president of the Nashville, Chat
tanooga and St. Louis Railroad company,
and was four times re-elected. In 1885 he
was appointed assistant secretary of state.
PORTER, JAMES MADISON, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Jan. 6, 1793, in
Salem, Mass. He was one of the founders
of Lafayette college at Easton, Pa., and
for twenty-five years president of its
board of trustees. He was president judge
of the twelfth and twenty-second judicial
districts of Pennsylvania. He died Nov.
11, 1862, in Easton, Pa.
PORTER, JOHN, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1806 to 1811, having first
been elected to fill a vacancy.
PORTER, JOHN ADDISON, educator,
author, was born March 15, 1822, in Cats-
ville, N. Y. He was a professor of chem
istry at Yale college in 1852-64; and the
author of Principles of Chemistry; and
First Book of Chemistry. He died Aug.
25, 1866, in New Haven, Conn.
PORTER, JOHN ADDISON, journalist,
public official, author, was born April 17,
1856, in New Haven, Conn. He is the edi
tor and proprietor of the Hartford Post.
He was elected to the Connecticut house
of representatives in 1892; and was pre
sented as a candidate for governor in the
republican state conventions of Connecti
cut in 1894 and 1896. He was appointed
secretary to President McKinley Feb. 5,
1897. He is the author of Administration
of the City of Washington; and Sketches
of Yale Life.
PORTER, LINN BOYD, author. He is
a novelist of Cambridge whose writings
have been extremely popular, although se
verely criticised from a literary point of
view as well as from an ethical stand
point. Among them are Thou Shalt Not;
Speaking of Ellen; A Black Adonis; and
Out of Wedlock.
PORTER, MRS. LYDIA ANN [EMER
SON], educator, author, was born Oct. 14,
1816, in Newburyport, Mass. She is an
educator of Springfield, Vt.; and the au
thor of Uncle Jerry's Letters to Young
Mothers; and The Lost Will.
PORTER, MOSES, soldier, was born in
1755 in Danvers, Mass. He entered the
revolutionary army as a lieutenant in
1775; and served at Bunker Hill and
through the war. He was brevetted briga
dier-general in 1813, and became colonel
of the first artillery in 1821. He died
April 14, 1822, in Cambridge, Mass.
PORTER, NOAH, clergyman, author,
was born in December, 1781, in Farming-
ton, Conn. He was ordained pastor of the
congregational church in his native town,
which charge he held until his death. He
published occasional sermons in the Na
tional Preacher, a Half-Century Discourse
in the fiftieth year of his ministry, and
contributed to the Christian Spectator. He
died Sept. 24, 1866, in Farmington, Conn.
PORTER, NOAH, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. .14, 1811, in Farmington,
Conn. He was a congregational clergyman
of Connecticut, president of Yale college
in 1871-85, and a metaphysician of dis
tinction. He was the author of The Hu
man Intellect; Books and Reading; Ele
ments of Intellectual Science; Elements
of Moral Science; The American Colleges
and the American Public; Science and
Sentiment; Bishop Berkeley; Fifteen
Years in Yale College Chapel, a volume
of sermons; and The Science of Nature
and the Science of Man. He died March
4, 1892, in New Haven, Conn.
PORTER, PETER AUGUSTUS, soldier,
state legislator, was born in 1827 in Black
Rock, N. Y. He was a member of the
New York legislature in 1862; and in that
year he raised a regiment, afterward con
solidated with the eighth New York artil
lery, and was placed in command, and
served on garrison duty. He was killed
June 3, 1864, in the battle of Cold Harbor,
Va.
PORTER, PETER BUEL, soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Aug. 4, 1773,
in Salisbury, Conn. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from
1809 to 1813, and from 1815 to 1816, when
he resigned. In 1813 he was made major-
general, and chief in command of the state
troops. Soon after the war 'he was chosen
secretary of the state of New York; and
in 1816 was appointed commissioner under
the treaty of Ghent. In 1828 he was ap
pointed secretary of war. He died March
20, 1844, in Niagara Falls, N. Y.
PORTER, ROSE, author, was born in
1845 in New York. She is an author of
New Haven who has written and compiled
a large number of religious books. Among
her original works are Summer Driftwood
for the Winter Fire; A Modern St. Chris
topher; Our Saints, a Family Story; and
My Son's Wife.
PORTER, RUFUS, journalist, inventor,
was born May 1, 1792, in West Boxford,
Mass. In 1840 he became editor of the
New York Mechanic, which prospered,
and in the following year he moved it to
Boston, where he called it the American
Mechanic. The new art of electrotyping
there attracted his attention, and he gave
up editorial work in order to occupy him
self with the new invention. He died Aug.
13, 1884, in New Haven, Conn.
PORTER, SAMUEL, journalist, educa
tor, author, was born Jan. 12, 1810, in Far
mington, Conn. He has made a special
study of phonetics, was editor of the
American Annals of the Deaf and Dumb
from 1854 till 1860; and has published
The Vowel Elements in Speech, a Phono
logical and Philological Essay.
PORTER, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born in May, 1734. in Far
mington, Conn. For ten years he was
judge of the supreme and county courts of
Vermont. He died in August, 1833, in
Granville, N. Y.
PORTER, THOMAS CONRAD, clergy
man, educator, author, was born Jan. 22,
1822, in Alexandria, Pa. He is a German
reformed clergyman famous as a botanist,
and professor of botany at Lafayette col
lege, Easton, Pa., from 1866. He is the
author of Sketch of the Flora of Pennsyl
vania; Sketch of the Botany of the United
States; Synopsis of the Flora of Colo
rado (with J. M. Coulter) ; The Carices of
Pennsylvania; and The Grasses of Penn
sylvania.
PORTER, THOMAS F., business man,
journalist, poet, was born Oct. 30, 1847,
in Nova Scotia. He received a thorough
education, and for
many years was en
gaged in journalistic
work. He wrote a
column weekly for
the Danbury News in
palmiest days; and
is a contributor of
both prose and verse
to Judge, the Boston
Journal, Yankee
Blade, the Waverly
Magazine, and the
periodical press gen
erally. He has written a number of po
ems of merit, some of which have been
given a place in Poets of America and
other standard works. He is engaged
principally in real estate and insurance
at Lynn, Mass., where he takes a promi
nent part in the public affairs of his city,
county and state.
PORTER, THOMAS P., lawyer, was
born July 7, 1821, in Richmond, Ky. In
1859 he was unanimously elected perma
nent speaker of the senate.
PORTER, TIMOTHY H., state senator,
congressman, was born in New Haven,
Conn. He served five years in the as
sembly of New York; and also served five
years in the state senate. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1825 to 1827.
PORTER, WARREN HART, lawyer,
was born Nov. 4, 1837, in Cattaraugus, N.
Y. He received his education in the pub
lic and private schools, and at the univer
sity of Wisconsin. He is a prominent
lawyer of Jefferson, Wis. ; has for many
years been city attorney; and has held
numerous other public positions of trust.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
755
PORTER, WILBUR F., lawyer, public
official, was born June 22, 1831, in Schuy-
ler, N. Y. He Is a successful lawyer of
Watertown, N. Y.; has been mayor of his
city for five terms; and is now a mem
ber of the court of claims of the state of
New York.
PORTER, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, law
yer, jurist, author, was born May 24, 1821,
in Huntingdon county, Pa. He was admit
ted to the bar in Philadelphia in 1842;
was sheriff of that city in 1843; and was
city solicitor in 1856. He was judge of the
superior court in 1858. He was the au
thor of Essay on Law, and Sheriffs; Life
of Chief Justice John Gibson; and Ad
dresses. He died June 28, 1886, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
PORTER, WILLIAM DAVID, lawyer,
jurist, was born Jan. 3, 1848, in Free
man's Landing, W. Va. In 1870 he was
admitted to the bar, and practiced law
until he was elevated to the bench in
1891. He has served faithfully as a judge
of the court of common pleas of the fifth
judicial district of Pennsylvania.
PORTER, WILLIAM F., farmer, legis
lator, was born June 1, 1861, in Cham
paign, 111. In 1879 he moved to Nebras
ka; and served with distinction as a
member in the twenty-second and twenty-
third sessions of the Nebraska state leg
islature. He is a successful farmer of
Clarks, Neb.; and is now serving as sec
retary of the state of Nebraska.
PORTER, WILLIAM H., farmer, legis
lator, was born May 8, 1856, in Hatfield,
Mass. He is a successful farmer of Aga-
wam, Mass.; prominent in the public af
fairs of his state; and secretary of the
Hampden Agricultural society. In 1897 he
was elected a member of the Massachu
setts state legislature.
PORTER, WILLIAM TROTTER, jour
nalist, was born Dec. 24, 1809, in New-
bury, Vt. In 1829 he became connected
with the Farmer's Herald at St. Johns-
bury, Vt., and the following year he be
came associate editor of The Enquirer at
Norwich. His cherished project was put
into effect in 1831, when he issued the
initial number of the Spirit of the Times,
the first sporting journal in the United
States. He died July 20, 1858, in New
York city.
PORTER, WILLIAM WOOD, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Sept. 8, 1826, in
Orange county, Va. He was elected dis
trict attorney of San Joaquin county, Cal.
In 1855 he became county judge of Cala-
veras county to fill a vacancy; and in
1856 was elected to the same office for a
full term of four years. At the breaking
out of the civil war in 1861 he returned
to Virginia and entered the confederate
army as aid to Gen. George B. Critten-
tlen. In 1872 he returned to California
and settled at Santa Rosa in the practice
of law; and in 1885 was appointed an as
sociate justice of the supreme court of
the territory of Arizona.
PORTERFIELD, CHARLES, soldier,
was born in 1750 in Frederick county, Va.
He was first sergeant of Capt. Daniel Mor
gan's company in the revolutionary war,
and was captured in the assault on Que
bec, Dec. 31, 1775. After' being ex
changed he served as captain until 1777,
then he was appointed lieutenant-colonel
of a Virginia regiment, and was mortally
wounded in the battle of Camden, S. C.,
Aug. 16, 1780, and died in the following
October on the banks of the Santee river.
PORTERFIELD, GEORGE A., soldier,
banker, was born Nov. 24, 1822, in Berke
ley county, Va., now West Virginia. In
1844 he graduated
from the Virginia
Military institute of
Lexington. In 1846
he helped to raise a
company of volun
teers for service in
the war with Mexico.
July 10, 1847, he was
appointed adjutant of
the Virginia reg
iment at Buena Vis
ta; and on Oct. 27 of
the same year was
promoted to acting-assistant adjutant-
general to the division stationed at and
near Buena Vista; which position he held
until the end of the war. He declined a
place on the staff of Gen. Wood. In 1861
he was appointed colonel of volunteers in
the confederate service, and was ordered
to raise a command in northwestern Vir
ginia. He collected a force of about eight
hundred men; was subsequently relieved
of command; and later served on the staff
of Gen. W. W. Loring; was in command
of a brigade under Gen. Edward John
son, but retired from the service in May,
1862. He is a prominent banker of Char-
lestown, W. Va.
PORTERFIELD, ROBERT, soldier, jur
ist, was born Feb. 22, 1752, in Frederick
county, Va. He was appointed a lieuten
ant in the continental army in 1776; was
promoted to a captaincy, and served in Col.
Daniel Morgan's regiment until 1779, when
he was appointed aid to Gen. William
Woodford; and in 1780 was surrendered
with him a prisoner of war in the siege
of Charleston. In the war of 1812 he
was a brigadier-general of militia; and
an unsuccessful candidate of the federal
party for congress in 1889. He was a jus
tice of Augusta county, Va., for more than
fifty years; was twice high sheriff, and
died in that county Feb. 13, 1843.
PORTIER, MICHEL, bishop, was
born Sept. 7, 1795, in France. In 1826 he
was consecrated Roman catholic bishop of
Olena, at St. Augustine, Fla. He died
May 14, 1859, in Mobile, Ala.
PORY, JOHN, pioneer, was born about
1570 in England. During 1619-21 he was
secretary of the Virginia colony, and he
was elected speaker of the first repre
sentative assembly that was ever held in
this country, which convened in James
town in 1619. He died before 1635 in Vir
ginia.
POSEY, CARNOT, soldier, was born
Aug. 5, 1818, in Wilkinson county, Miss.
He became colonel of the sixteenth Mis
sissippi regiment in 1861, and was ap
pointed brigadier-general in the confeder
ate army in 1862. He died Nov. 13, 1863,
in Charlottesville, Va.
POSEY, JOHN W., lawyer, public offi
cial, was born Aug. 6, 1847, in Peters
burg, Ind. He attended the Georgetown
academy, and the Baylor university. He
is a successful lawyer and land agent of
Austin, Texas; has been county treasurer;
justice of the peace; county commission
er of Nolan county; and has held various
other public positions of trust.
POSEY, THOMAS, soldier. United
States senator, was born July 9, 1750, in
Virginia. From 1786 to 1793 he was coun
ty lieutenant of Spottsylvania. Va., and
was appointed brigadier-general. He was
a state senator; and was lieutenant-gov
ernor of Virginia for four years. He was
major-general of Kentucky levees in 1809.
He was United States senator from Louis
iana in 1812, by appointment of the gov
ernor. He was governor of Indian terri
tory from 1813 to 1816; and was agent of
Indian affairs in 1816, which position he
held until his death. He died March 19,
1818, in Shawneetown, 111.
POSSE. NILS, educator, author, was
born in 1862 in Sweden. He was a Boston
instructor in gymnastics; and the author
of Special Kinesiology of Educational
Gymnastics; Medical Gymnastics; and
Scientific Aspect of Swedish Gymnastics.
He died in 1895.
POST, GEORGE A., lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 1, 1854, in Cuba, N.
Y. He entered the service of the Erie
Railway company; and was for several
years secretary of the motive power de
partment. He was elected chief burgess
of Susquehanna in 1877. He was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-eighth congress as a democrat.
POST, ISAAC, philanthropist, author,
was born Feb. 26, 1798, in Westbury, N.
Y. He resided in Rochester when public
attention was first attracted to the mani
festations by the Fox sisters, and became
one of the earliest converts to spiritual
ism. He was the author of Voices from
the Spirit World, being Communications
from Many Spirits, by the Hand of Isaac
Post, Medium. He died May 9, 1872, in
Rochester, N. Y.
POST. JOTHAM, state legislator, con
gressman. He was a member of the New
York assembly for four years from the
city of New York; and was a representa
tive in congress from his native state
from 1813 to 1815.
POST, MINTURN, physician, was born
June 28, 1808, in New York city. In 1843 he
was called to be medical examiner of the
New York Life Insurance company. He
translated and added notes to Racibor-
ski's Auscultation and Percussion. He died
April 26, 1869, in New York city.
POST, MORTON E., congressman, was
born Dec. 25. 1840. in Monroe county, N.
Y. He was elected a member of the ter
ritorial council in 1878; and was elected
the delegate from Wyoming to the forty-
seventh and forty-eighth congresses as a
democrat.
POST, PHILIP SIDNEY, soldier, con
gressman, was born March 19, 1833, in
Florida, N. Y. He entered the union army
in 1861 as second
lieutenant fifty-ninth
Illinois infantry, and
was promoted briga
dier-genera] by bre
vet. He was ap
pointed consul to Vi
enna in 1866; was
promoted consul-
general for Austria-
Hungary in 1874;
and was a member at
large of the Illinois
republican state cen
tral committee from 1882 to 1886. He was
commander department of Illinois Grand
Army of the Republic in 1886. He was
elected to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-sec
ond, fifty-third and fifty-fourth con
gresses. He died Jan. 6. 1895, in Wash
ington, D. C., before taking his seat in the
fifty-fourth congress.
POST, TRUMAN MARCELLUS, clergy
man, author, was born June 3, 1810, in
Middlebury, Vt. He was a congregational
clergyman and editor of St. Louis, pro
fessor of history in Washington univer
sity; and the author of The Skeptical
Era in Modern History. He died Dec. 31,
1886, in St. Louis, Mo.
756
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
POST, .WALDRON KINTZING, lawyer,
author, was born in 1868 in New York.
He is a lawyer of New York city; and the
author of Harvard Stories.
POSTON, CHARLES D., pioneer, con
gressman, was born April 20, 1825, in
Hardin county, Ky. In 1854 he went to
Arizona as the pioneer of silver mining
enterprises in that territory; and on the
organization of a territorial government
for Arizona was appointed superintendent
of Indian affairs for the territory- At the
first election held he was elected the dele
gate from Arizona to the thirty-eighth
congress, taking his seat at the second
session.
POTTER, ALLEN, merchant, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Oct. 2,
1818, in Saratoga county, N. Y. He served
one term in the Michigan legislature. He
subsequently turned his attention to bank
ing, and became president of the Na
tional bank of Kalamazoo. He was elect
ed president of the village in 1859, 1863,
1870 and 1872; president of the local board
of education in 1870 and 1871; and was
president of the Kalamazoo and South
Haven Railroad company. He was de
feated for congress in 1872; and in 1874
was elected a representative from Michi
gan to the forty-fourth congress.
POTTER, ALONZO, protestant episco
pal bishop, author, was born July 6, 1800,
in La Orange, N. Y. He was the third
protestant episcopal bishop of Pennsyl
vania and an active promoter of educa
tional movements. He was the author of
The Principles of Science Applied to Do
mestic and Mechanic Arts; Religious
Philosophy; Political Economy; and co
author with G. B. Emerson of The School
and the Schoolmaster. He died July 4,
1865, in San Francisco, Cal.
POTTER, BUTLER WILLIS, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, author, was born Feb.
18, 1843, in Colesville, N. Y. In 1868 he
was admitted to the bar and soon after
opened an office in Worcester, Mass. For
three terms he was a member of the
Massachusetts legislature; and was ap
pointed ballot law commissioner of state
of Massachusetts. He is the author of The
Read and Roadside, a legal treatise.
POTTER, CHARLES NELSON, lawyer,
legislator, was born Oct. 31, 1852, in Coop-
erstown, N. Y. For four years he was
attorney general of Wyoming. In 1889 he
was elected a member of the constitution
al convention at Wyoming; and in 1894
was elected judge of the supreme court for
a term of eight years.
POTTER, CLARKSON NOTT, survey
or, lawyer, congressman, was born April
25, 1825, in Schenectady, N. Y. He was
a surveyor in Wisconsin; studied law in
that state, and after coming to the bar
commenced the practice of his profession
in New York city in 1847. In 1868 he was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-first congress; and was re-
elected to the two succeeding congresses;
and was also elected to the forty-fifth con
gress as a democrat. He died Jan. 23, 1882,
in New York city.
POTTER, EDWARD EELLS, naval offi
cer, was born May 9, 1833, in Medina, N.
Y. He was made commandant of the
navy yard at League Island, Pa., in De
cember, 1886, and now fills that place.
POTTER, ELIPHALET NOTT, clergy
man, educator, author, college president,
was born Sept. 20, 1836, in Schenectady,
N. Y.; and is a son of Bishop Alonzo Pot
ter. In 1871 he was elected president of
Union college; and in 1884 accepted the
presidency of Hobart college, which he
resigned in 1896. He is the author of
Parochial Sermons; and Christian Evi
dences.
POTTER, ELISHA REYNOLDS, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Nov. 5, 1764, in South Kingston, R.
I. In 1796 he was elected a representa
tive in congress from Rhode Island to
fill a vacancy; and was re-elected to the
fifth congress. He was again a represen
tative from 1809 to 1815; and was elected
to the state legislature in 1793, and by
semi-annual elections under the old char
ter system continued to serve until his
death, excepting when in congress, and
was five times elected speaker. He died
Sept. 26, 1835, in Kingston, R. I.
POTTER, ELISHA REYNOLDS, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, congressman,
author, was born June 20, 1811, in South
Kingston, R. I. He was for several years
a member of the Rhode Island state leg
islature; and was adjutant-general of the
state in 1835 and 1836. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Rhode Is
land from 1843 to 1845; and was state
commissioner of public schools from 1849
to 1854. He was subsequently chosen a
judge of the supreme court of the state.
and became chief justice. As an author he
published Early History of Narragansett;
Paper Money in Rhode Island; and valu
able contributions on Suffrage and Public
Schools. He died April 10, 1882, in South
Kingston, R. I.
POTTER, EMERY D., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in Ohio. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1843 to 1845, and again from
1849 to 1851. He was subsequently ap
pointed United States "judge for the ter
ritory of Utah.
POTTER. HENRY, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1765 in Granville county, N. C. In
1801 he was appointed United States judge
of the fifth circuit; and in 1802 was made
judge of the United States district court
for the state of North Carolina, which po
sition he held until his death. He died
Dec. 20, 1857, in Fayetteville, N. Y.
POTTER, HENRY CODMAN, bishop,
author, was born May 25, 1835, in Schenec
tady, N. Y. He is the sixth protestant
episcopal bishop of New York, and prom
inent among broad church thinkers. He
is the author of Sermons of the City; The
Gates of the East; A Winter in Egypt and
Syria; Sisterhoods and Deaconesses; and
Waymarks.
POTTER, HORATIO, educator, bishop,
was born Feb. 9, 1802, in Beekman. N. Y.
In 1833 he became rector of St. Peter's
church, Albany, N. Y., and held that post
till 1854, when he was consecrated pro
visional bishop of the diocese of New
York. He died Jan. 2, 1887, in New York.
POTTER, JOHN FOX, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
May 11, 1817, in Augusta, Maine. He was
a representative in the legislature of Wis
consin in 1856; and was a judge of Wai-
worth county from 1842 to 1846. He was
elected a representative from Wisconsin
to the thirty-fifth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-sixth and thirty-sev
enth congresses. He was a delegate to the
peace congress of 1861; and was appointed
consul-general to British North America
at Montreal.
POTTER, LUDLOW DAY, clergyman,
college president, was born Jan. 3, 1823,
in New Providence, N. J. This eminent
clergyman of the presbyterian church was
for ten years professor in Glendale Female
college, Ohio; and since 1865 has been
its president.
POTTER, ORLANDO BRONSON, law
yer, manufacturer, congressman, was born
March 10, 1823, in Charlemont, Mass. He
matured and laid before Secretary Chase
of the United States treasury, and Presi
dent Lincoln, a plan for a national bank
ing system; this plan was adopted, with a
few slight modifications, and was the
basis of the present national banking sys
tem of the country. He was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the forty-
eighth congress as a union democrat. He
died Jan. 2, 1894.
POTTER, PLATT, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born April 6, 1800, in Galway,
N. Y. He was a jurist of Schenectady,
and the author of Potter's Dwarris; Trea
tise on Corporations; and Equity Juris
prudence. He died in 1891.
POTTER, PLEASANT J., banker, phil
anthropist, was born March 29, 1820, in
Warren county, Ky. He has served as a
member of the Kentucky legislature. He is
president of the old banking house of P.
J. Potter and Company. He has been a
liberal contributor to churches and
schools; and Potter college for young la
dies was named in his honor.
POTTER. ROBERT, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman. He was a represen
tative in the state legislature in 1826; was
a representative in congress from North
Carolina from 1829 to 1831; and was a
second time in the legislature. He was
killed in Texas.
POTTER, ROBERT B., soldier, was
born July 16. 1829, in Schenectady, N.
Y. He served through the civil war, at
taining the rank of brigadier and major-
general of volunteers. He died Feb. 18.
1887, in Newport, R. I.
POTTER, SAMUEL JOHN, state sena
tor, was born June 29, 1739, in Kingston.
R. I. He was at one time deputy govern
or; and in 1792 and 1796 was a presiden
tial elector. He was a senator in congress
from Rhode Island during the years 1803
and 1804. He died Sept. 6, 1808, in Wash
ington, D. C.
POTTER, THOMAS J., railroad man
ager, was born Aug. 16, 1840, in Bur
lington, Iowa. In 1866 he was appointed
agent of the same corporation at Bur
lington, Iowa. In 1873 the Chicago, Bur
lington and Quincy company secured his
services. He was first agent, then as
sistant superintendent, afterward general
manager, and finally general manager and
vice-president. He was chosen vice-presi
dent of the St. Louis and Keokuk. of the
Chicago, Burlington and Kansas City, of
the Chicago and Iowa, of the Hannibal
and St. Joseph, and of the Burlington
and Missouri River roads, respectively.
He died March 9, 1888, in Washington.
D. C.
POTTER, WILLIAM BLEECKER, min
ing engineer, was born March 23, 1846,
in Schenectady, N. Y. In 1871 he was
called to the chair of mining and metall
urgy at Washington university, St. Louis.
Mo. In 1888 he was elected president of
the American Institute of Mining Engin
eers.
POTTER, WILLIAM JAMES, clergy
man, author, was born in 1830 in Massa
chusetts. He was a Unitarian clergyman
of New Bedford for many years, promi
nent as a radical thinker; and the author
of Twenty-Five Sermons of Twenty-Five
Years; and Lectures and Sermons. He
died in 1894.
POTTER, WILLIAM W., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1837 to 1839. He died
Oct. 28, 1839, in Bellefonte, Pa.
POTTIER, AUGUSTE, decorator, was
born in 1823, in France. He has a large
business in New York under the firm
name of Pettier and Stymus, decorators
and designers, which has proved to be a
success.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
757
POTTLE, ABEL WARREN, clergyman,
was born Sept. 23, 1834, in Salem, Maine.
He received his education at the Farm-
ington academy, the Maine Wesleyan sem
inary, and the Boston Theological school.
He has attained eminence as a successful
methodist episcopal clergyman, and has
filled pastorates in Bethel, Oxford, West-
brook, Portland, Kittery, Waterville, Saco,
Bath and Bowdoinham.
POTTLE, EMORY B., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman. He served one term
in the legislature of New York. He was
elected a representative from New York
to the thirty-fifth congress; and was
re-elected to the thirty-sixth congress.
POTTS, BENJAMIN F., governor. He
was governor of the territory of Mon
tana from 1870 to 1883.
POTTS, DAVID, congressman, was born
in 1793 in Chester county, Pa. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1831 to 1839. He died in 1863.
POTTS, JAMES HENRY, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born June 12, 1848,
in Canada. He is a methodist clergyman;
and editor of The Michigan Christian Ad
vocate from 1877. He is the author of
Methodism in the Field; Golden Dawn;
Spiritual Life; Our Thorns and Crowns;
and Faith Made Easy.
POTTS, RICHARD, state senator, con
gressman, governor, was born in July,
1753, in Upper Marlborough, Md. He was
a delegate to the continental congress in
1781 and 1782; and was governor of Mary
land during the same years. He was a
senator in congress from that state from
1792 to 1796. He died Nov. 26, 1808, in
Frederick county, Md.
POTTS, STACEY GARDNER, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Nov. 9, 1799, in
Harrisburg, Pa. He was a jurist of Tren
ton, N. J. ; and the author of Village
Tales; and Precedents and Notes of Prac
tice in the New Jersey Chancery Court.
He died April 9, 1865, in Trenton, N. J.
POTTS, WILLIAM STEPHENS, cler
gyman, college president, author, was
born Oct. 13, 1802, in Northumberland
county, Pa. He was pastor of the First
Presbyterian church of St. Louis, Mo., in
1S28-35, president of Marion college for
the subsequent four years; founded the
Second Presbyterian church of St. Louis
in 1838, and was its pastor till his death.
He published several sermons. He died
March 27, 1852, in St. Louis, Mo.
POUJADE, JOSEPH, lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Oct. 6, 1852, in Marion coun
ty, Ore. In 1873 he settled in Nevada
and served as state senator during 1885-
87; assemblyman in 1889; and lieutenant-
governor in 1891-94. During those four
years he was also adjutant-general, state
librarian and president of the senate.
POULSON, ZACHARIAH, journalist,
was born Sept. 5, 1761, in Philadelphia,
Pa. For many years he was printer to
the senate of Pennsylvania. In 1800 he
began the publication of the American
Daily Advertiser, the first daily in the
United States; and he continued as its
editor and proprietor till its discontinu
ance in 1839. He issued Poulson's Town
and Country Almanac and other works.
He died July 31, 1844, in Philadelphia, Pa.
POUND, CUTHBERT W., lawyer, edu
cator, was born June 20, 1864, in Lock-
port, N. Y. In 1886 he was admitted to
the bar, and was city attorney of Lock-
port, N. Y., during 1888-90. In 1893 he
was elected to the state senate. In 1895
he accepted the law professorship at Cor
nell university.
POUND, ROSCOE, educator, author,
was born Oct. 27, 1870, in Lincoln, Neb.
Since 1892 he has been director of the
botanical survey of Nebraska. He is the
author of numerous botanical papers and
monographs, mostly on the fungi.
POUND, THADDEUS C., educator, leg
islator, congressman, was born Dec. 6,
1832, in Pennsylvania. For a number of
years he taught school, and then was a
bookkeeper. It was through his efforts
that the city of Chippewa Falls was de
veloped; and he was instrumental in se
curing its railroad facilities and in caus
ing its river and other improvements to
be made. He served four terms in the
Wisconsin legislature; one term as lieu
tenant-governor; and has represented his
district in the forty-fifth, forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses as a republican.
In 1876 he was commissioner from Wis
consin to the Philadelphia exposition;
and has always supported measures de
signed to promote internal commerce.
POUNDSTONE, ALEXANDER M., sol
dier, lawyer, state legislator, was born
Feb. 26, 1835, in Fayette county, Pa. He
served as a captain in the United States
army during the civil war. For four
teen years he was prosecuting attorney of
Buckhannon, W. Va. ; and for two terms
served as a member of the legislature of
that state.
POWDERLY, TERENCE VINCENT,
labor advocate, author, was born Jan. 22,
1849, in Carbondale, Pa. Since 1869 he
has lived in Scranton, Pa. In 1879 he
was elected general master-workman of
the Knights of Labor; and has since been
re-elected nearly a dozen times. In 1878
he was elected mayor of Scranton by the
labor vote; and was several times re-
elected as a democrat to that_ofl1ce. He
has been connected with several labor
publications; and is the author of A His
tory of the Origin and Principles of the
Knights of Labor.
POWELL, AARON MACY, journalist,
reformer, lecturer, author, was born
March 26, 1832, in Clinton, N. Y. Since
1872 he has been secretary of the Nation
al Temperance society and editor of the
National Temperance Advocate in New
York. In 1886 he also took charge of the
Philanthropist. He is the author of State
Regulation of Vice.
POWELL, ALFRED H., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1781,
in Loudoun county, Va. He served in
the Virginia state legislature, and one or
two state conventions; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1825 to 1827. He died in 1831 in Winches
ter, Va.
POWELL, CHARLES GRANSON, jour
nalist, politician, was born Dec. 1, 1829, in
Monroe county, N. Y. He was a dele
gate to the national
republican conven
tions in 1868 and in
1872; and postmas
ter at La Porte, Ind.,
•t ^t PK> > during 1877-82. He is
;' L the editor and owner
'-•riH^^ fe of The Herald, and
also of The Repub
lican, of La Porte,
Ind. He has contrib
uted extensively to
current literature on
various topics; and
has filled numerous public positions of
honor in his city, county and state.
POWELL, CUTHBERT, state legisla
tor, congressman. He was at one time
mayor of Alexandria in Virginia; and on
his removal to Loudoun county was elected
to the legislature. He was a represen
tative in congress from Virginia from 1841
to 1843. He died May 8, 1849, in Lan-
gollen, Va.
POWELL, D. FRANK, physician, sur
geon, scientist, was born May 25, 1847, in
Sullivan county, N. Y. He received the
rudiments of his education in the com
mon district schools; at the Columbia
college; the Louisville Medical college;
and the Kentucky School of Medicine. He
is a prominent physician and surgeon of
La Crosse, Wis. ; has served four times as
mayor of that city; has twice been an
independent candidate for governor of
Wisconsin; and twice a candidate for con
gress from the seventh congressional dis
trict on the people's party ticket. He is a
scientist of note, and an investigator of
prehistoric and aboriginal race history.
POWELL, EDWARD PAYSON, clergy
man, author, was born in 1833 in New
York. He is a clergyman who has held
pastorates in congregational and unitar-
ian churches successively, and has long
been a resident in Clinton, N. Y. He
is the author of Our Heredity from God;
and Liberty and Life.
POWELL, EVAN, railroad president,
was born June 2, 1834, in Wales. Since
1891 he has been president of the Pow-
ellton and Pocahontas railway.
POWELL, JAMES L., soldier, farmer,
lawyer legislator, was born Feb. 24, 1834,
in Plentifull, Va. In 1860 he was state's
attorney for Roane
county; in 1861 was
a captain in the Wise
legion; and during
1877-85 was a mem
ber of the Virginia
state legislature; in
both the house and
the senate. During
1879-82 he was state's
attorney forSpottsyl-
vania county, Va.;
and has filled vari
ous other public po
sitions of trust. He was the only son
(of four) that survived the war. He has
been eminently successful as a farmer,
lawyer and statesman; and still resides
in the place of his nativity.
POWELL, JOHN WESLEY, geologist,
author, was born March 24, 1834, in Mount
Morris, N. Y. He is an eminent geologist,
director of the United States geological
survey in 1879-94; and the author of Ex
ploration of the Uinta Mountains; The
Arid Regions of the United States; In
troduction to the Study of the Indian
Languages; Studies in Sociology; and
Canyons of the Colorado.
POWELL, JOSEPH, merchant, banker,
congressman, was born June 23, 1848, in
Towanda, Pa. He became president of
the First National bank of Towanda, and
engaged in other business enterprises. He
was a representative from Pennsylvania
to the forty-fourth congress as a demo
crat.
POWELL. LAZARUS WHITEHEAD,
lawyer, state legislator, governor, United
States senator, was born Oct. 6, 1812, in
Henderson county, Ky. In 1836 he was
elected to the Kentucky legislature; was
a presidential elector in 1844; and was
governor of Kentucky from 1851 to 1855.
He was chosen a senator in congress for
the long term commencing in 1859. He
died July 3, 1867, in Henderson county,
Ky.
POWELL, LEVIN, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1738 in Loudoun coun
ty, Va. He served through the war of the
revolution in the Virginia line of the con
tinental army, and rose to the rank of
lieutenant-colonel. He resided in Loudoun
county, Va. ; and was a representative in
congress from Virginia from 1799 to 1801.
He died Aug. 6, 1810, at Bedford, Pa.
758
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
POWELL, LEVIN MYNE, naval officer,
was born in 1800 in Loudoun county, Va.
He was appointed midshipman in the
United States navy in 1817; became lieu
tenant in 1826; and received the thanks
of congress for his services during that
campaign. He died Jan. 15, 1885, in
Washington, D. C.
POWELL, NATHAN, pioneer, mer
chant, banker, was born Oct. 18, 1814, in
Frederick county, Md. In 1848 he as
sisted in reorganizing the old Madison
Life, Fire and Marine Insurance com
pany, in Madison, Ind. He became one
of its largest stockholders, and has been
its president since 1851.
POWELL, PAULUS, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was elected a rep
resentative in congress from that state in
1849; and continued in that capacity to
the close of the thirty-fifth congress.
POWELL, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1815 to 1817.
POWELL, SIMON T., banker, lawyer,
was born Aug. 21, 1821, near Cambridge
City, Ind. In 1877 he was made president
of the Bundy National bank, in New Cas
tle, Ind. In 1871 he was honored by
President Grant with the appointment of
supervisor of internal revenue.
POWELL, THOMAS, author, was born
Sept. 3, 1809, in London, England. He
was an English writer who came to
America in 1849, and was for many years
connected with the Frank Leslie publica
tions. He wrote a number of plays,
among which are, True at Last; The
Shepherd's Well. Other works of his are
Florentine Tales; Tales from Boccaccio;
Living Authors of England; and Living
Authors of America. He died Jan 13
1887, in Newark, N. J.
POWELL, WILLIAM BYRD, educator,
physician, was born Jan. 8, 1799, in Bour
bon county, Ky. In 1865 he was chosen
professor emeritus of cerebral physiology
in the New York Eclectic Medical college,
but he did not lecture in that institution.
He died July 3, 1867, in Henderson, Ky.
POWELL, WILLIAM HENRY, artist,
was born Feb. 14, 1823, in New York city.
He exhibited first at the Academy of De
sign, N. Y., in 1838, and was elected an
associate in 1839; and attained note as a
painter. He died Oct. 6, 1879, in New
York city.
POWELL, WILLIAM HENRY, soldier,
manufacturer, was born May 10, 1825, in
South Wales. He was made brigadier-
general of volunteers in October, 1864.
After the war he settled in West Virginia,
declined a nomination for congress in
1865, and was a republican presidential
elector in 1868. He is president of a
manufacturing company in Belleville, 111.
POWER, FREDERICK BELUING,
chemist, educator, author, was born March
4, 1853, in Hudson, N. Y. In 1881-83 he
was professor of analytical chemistry at
Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, and he
then was called to the chair of pharmacy
and materia medica in the university of
Wisconsin, with charge of the newly es
tablished department of pharmacy. He
is the author of several medical works.
POWER, THOMAS C., civil engineer,
United States senator, governor, was born
May 22, 1839, in Dubuque, Iowa. In 1867
he located at Fort Benton, the head of
navigation; and was president of the Ben-
ton P. line of steamers. He is inter
ested in cattle, mines and various mer
cantile companies. He located in Helena
in 1878; and was elected a member of
the first constitutional convention of
Montana in 1883. He was a delegate to
the republican national convention in
1888; and was nominated by the republic
ans of his state for governor in 1889. He
was elected to the United States senate in
1890.
POWERS, DANIEL WILLIAM, banker,
financier, was born June 14, 1818, in Ba-
tavia, N. Y. Two handsome buildings
have been constructed in Rochester by
him — one of them the Powers Commercial
building, for business and office purposes,
which now contains the Powers Art gal
lery, valued at over $1,000,000, and the
Powers hotel, connecting on all floors
above the first with the former. He was for
fourteen years president of the trustees
of the city hospital, and is now president
of the Home for the Friendless and the
Powers Banking company.
POWERS, EDWARD, civil engineer, au
thor, was born Sept. 1, 1830, in Amenia,
N. Y. He is a civil engineer who pub
lished a work entitled War and the
Weather, or the Artificial Production of
Rain.
POWERS, ELIZA HOWARD, philan
thropist, was born in 1802. From 1862
till 1864 she was associate manager of the
United States sanitary commission of New
Jersey, and acting president of the Flor
ence Nightingale Relief association of
Paterson, N. J. The forty-eighth con
gress voted her a pension. She died Aug.
25, 1887, in Washington, D. C.
POWERS GEORGE HERMAN, oculist,
aurist, was' born June 13, 1840, in Bos
ton, Mass. Since 1866 he has practiced
his profession in San Francisco, Cal.; has
been oculist to the city and county hos
pitals and various other hospitals of San
Francisco. For many years he filled the
chair of ophthalmology and otology in
the university of California; and is noted
as one of the foremost oculists and aur-
ists in America.
POWERS, GERSHOM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1829 to 1831.
POWERS, GRANT, clergyman, author,
was born May 31, 1784, in Hollis, N. H.
He was a minister at Haverhill, N. H., in
1815-29; and at Goshen, Conn., from 1829
till his death. He published Essay on
False Hope in Religion; Centennial Ad
dress; and Historical Sketches of the Set
tlement of the Coos Country, 1784-85. He
died April 10, 1841, in Goshen, Conn.
POWERS, HENRY H., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born May
29, 1835, in Morristown, Vt. He was a
member of the house of representatives
of Vermont in 1858; and was prosecuting
attorney of Lamoille county in 1861-62.
He was a member of the state senate in
1872-73; and was speaker of the house of
representatives in 1874. He was judge of
the supreme court of Vermont from 1874
to 1890; and was elected to the fifty-sec
ond, fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
POWERS, HIRAM, sculptor, was born
July 29, 1805, in Woodstock, Vt. Among
his many works is his Greek Slave, which
became widely celebrated, and placed the
artist in the first rank of sculptors. He
died June 27, 1873, in Florence, Italy.
POWERS, HORATIO NELSON, clergy
man, author, was born April 30, 1826, in
Amenia, N. Y. He was an episcopal cler
gyman of Chicago, Bridgeport, and, in
his latest years, of Piermont, N. Y., who
was favorably known as a poet. He
was the author of Early and Late; Po
ems; Ten Years of Song; Lyrics of the
Hudson; and Through the Year, a vol
ume of religious essays. He died Sept. 6,
1890, in Piermont, N. Y.
POWERS, JAMES KNOX, educator,
college president, was born Aug. 15, 1851,
near Florence, Ala. The same day that he
graduated from the university of Ala
bama he was notified of his election to
the chair of mathematics in the Alabama
State Normal college, of which institu
tion he has been president since 1888.
POWERS, LLEWELLYN, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1838
in Pittsfield, Maine. He was prosecuting
attorney from 1864 to 1871; was collector
of customs for the district of Aroostook,
Maine, from 1868 to 1872; and was a rep
resentative in the state legislature in
1874, 1875 and 1876. He was elected a
representative from Maine to the forty-
fifth congress as a republican.
POWERS, ORLANDO W., lawyer, leg
islator, jurist, was born June 16, 1850,
in Pultneyville, N. Y. In 1885 he was
associate justice of Utah; and a member
of the Utah legislature in 1894.
POWERS, RIDGELY C., soldier, gov
ernor, was born Dec. 24, 1836, in Mecca,
Ohio. He served as an assistant adju
tant-general in the war for the union. He
moved to the state of Mississippi in 1865;
was lieutenant-governor in 1870; and in
1871 was elected governor of the state.
POWERS, THEODORE TAYLOR, edu
cator, lawyer, was born Jan. 21, 1866, in
Centerville, Iowa. He received a liberal
education in the public schools, and was
a graduate of the law department of
Drake university at Des Moines, Iowa.
For several years he was engaged in ed
ucational work; was a candidate for state
representative for Appanoose county,
Iowa, in 1893; and is now a prominent
lawyer of Phoenix. Arizona.
POWERS, WILBUR HOWARD, law
yer, legislator, was born Jan. 22, 1849, in
Croydon, N. H. He attended the public
schools; graduated from Kimball Union
academy in 1871; from Dartmouth col
lege in 1875; from Boston university
School of Law in 1878, with the degree
of LL. B.; and in 1880 he received the
degree of A. M. from Dartmouth college.
He has attained success as an able lawyer
of Hyde Park, Mass.; was town solicitor
in 1889-90; a representative in the Massa
chusetts state legislature during 1890-92;
and presidential elector in 1897. Since
1893 he has been a member of the park
commission, being also its secretary and
chairman.
POWNALL, THOMAS, governor, au
thor, was born in 1720 in England. In
1757 he was elected governor of Massa
chusetts, resigning in 1760. He wrote The
Middle States of America; and Letters
Advocating Free Trade. He died Feb. 25,
1805, in England.
POYAS, CATHERINE GENDRON, po
et, was born April 27, 1813, in Charles
ton, S. C. She was a poet of Charleston;
and the author of Huguenot Daughters,
and Other Verses; and A Year of Grief.
She died Feb. 7, 1882, in Charleston, S. C.
POYDRAS, JULIAN, congressman, was
born April 3, 1746, in France. He was a
delegate in congress from the territory of
Louisiana from 1809 to 1812. He died
June 2, 1824, in Louisiana.
PRALL, JOHN ANDREW, lawyer, was
born Jan. 13, 1827, in Woodford county,
Ky. In 1859 he was nominated for the
state senate from Kentucky. He entered
i lie senate and was chairman of the com
mittee on federal relations continuously
for six years. He was the candidate of
liis party for the senate of the United
States, and received forty-seven votes on
joint-ballot, the largest republican vote
ever cast in the Kentucky legislature.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
759
PRALL, WILLIAM, lawyer, author, was
born April 6, 1853, in Paterson, N. J. In
1883 he was elected to the assembly of
New Jersey, and took a leading part in
what was called the railway taxation is
sue. He drafted and secured the enact
ment of the free public library law, under
which all the free public libraries of New
Jersey have been established. In 1887 he
was admitted to priesthood, and is now
rector of St. John's church, Detroit, Mich.
PRATT, ALICE EDWARDS, educator,
poet. She is a writer of Rosa, Cal.; and
the author of a number of poems.
PRATT, CALVIN EDWARD, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Jan. 23, 1828, in
Princeton. Mass. In 1862 lie was appointed
brigadier-general of volunteers. In 1869
he was elected a judge of the supreme
court of the state of New York, and he
was re-elected in 1877 for fourteen years.
PRATT, CHARLES, philanthropist, was
born Oct. 2, 1830, in Watertown, Mass. He
displayed great interest in educational
matters, and founded in Brooklyn the
Pratt Industrial institute. This receives
its support from the Astral flats, which
were built by him, and conveyed to the
institute. He died May 4, 1891, in New
York city.
PRATT, CHARLES A., journalist, poet,
was born Jan. 20, 1856, in Pennsylvania.
From 1885-89 he was postmaster of Pe-
oria; and in 1890 bought The Times of
Sheffield, 111.
PRATT, DANIEL DARWIN, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, United
States senator, was born Oct. 26, 1813, in
Palermo, Maine. In 1851 and 1853 he was
elected to the Indiana state legislature;
and was a delegate to the Chicago con
vention of 1860, officiating as leading sec
retary. In 1868 he was elected a repre
sentative from Indiana to the forty-first
congress; and in 1869 was elected a sen
ator in congress for the term ending in
1875. In 1875 he was appointed commis
sioner of internal revenue. He died June
17, 1877, in Logansport, Ind.
PRATT, DANIEL JOHNSON, author,
was born March 8, 1827, in Westmoreland,
N. Y. He was the author of Annals of
Public Education in the State of New
York, 1626-1746. He died Sept. 12 1884,
in Albany, N. Y.
PRATT, MRS. ELLA [FARMAN], au
thor, was born in New York, She is a
popular writer for young people, long the
editor of The Wide Awake, and more re
cently of Our Little Men and Women.
Among her writings are, Good-for-Noth-
ing Polly; A Girl's Money; A Little Wo
man; A White Hand; and Happy Chil
dren.
PRATT, ENOCH, merchant, banker,
philanthropist, was born Sept. 10, 1808, in
Middleborough, Mass. He has given in
the most liberal manner to schools,
churches, and charities and has estab
lished in Baltimore the Enoch Pratt Free
library, at a cost of $400,000 in real es
tate and $833,000 in cash.
PRATT, HENRY O., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 11, 1838, in
Foxcroft, Maine. He served as a private
in the army; practiced law at Charles
City, Iowa, in 1864; and was elected to the
Iowa house of representatives in 1869,
and re-elected in 1871. He was elected to
the forty-third and forty-fourth con
gresses as a republican.
PRATT, JACOB LORING, clergyman,
author, was born in 1835. He was a cler
gyman of Maine; and the author of Even
ing Rest; Branches of Palm; Broken Fet
ters; The Mask Lifted; Bonnie Aerie;
Mecca; and The Crown of Silver. He died
in 1891.
PRATT, JAMES H., lawyer, politician,
was born Nov. 16, 1850, in Linn county,
Mo. He is one of the leading lawyers of
his native state at Neosha; has been city
attorney for four years; and served as
engrossing clerk in the Missouri house of
representatives. He takes a prominent
part in the public affairs of his city, coun
ty and state; and is secretary of the dem
ocratic state executive judicial committee
for the eastern judicial district of Mis
souri.
PRATT, JAMES T., agriculturist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1805
in Middletown, Conn. He served in the
Connecticut legislature; and was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1853 to 1855. He was a delegate to the
peace congress of 1861.
PRATT, JOHN, college president, was
born Oct. 12, 1800, in Thompson, Conn.
He was the first president of Denison uni
versity, Ohio, serving from 1831-37. He
died in 1882 in Granville, Ohio.
PRATT, JULIUS HOWARD, manufac
turer, railroad builder, was born Aug.
1, 1821, in Meriden, Conn. He commenced
business in 1842 as a manufacturer of
ivory goods, which proved to be a success.
His most important achievement was the
building of the New York and Green
wood Lake railway.
PRATT, MATTHEW, artist, was born
Sept. 25, 1734, in Philadelphia, Pa. His
portraits, in the execution of which he
proved himself an artist of undoubted tal
ent, include those of Rev. Archdeacon
Mann, of Dublin, the Duke of Portland,
the Duchess of Manchester, Governor An
drew Hamilton, and Governor Cadwala-
der Golden, of New York. He painted
also The London School of Artists, which
Thomas Sully pronounced well executed.
He died Jan. 9, 1805, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PRATT, O. C., lawyer, jurist, was born
in New York. He removed to Illinois, and
from that state was appointed an asso
ciate justice of the United States court for
the territory of Oregon, residing at Ore
gon City.
PRATT, ORSON, educator, author, was
born Sept. 19, 1811, in Hartford, N. Y. He
was a Mormon apostle and educator, pro
fessor of mathematics in Deseret univer
sity. He was the author of Divine Au
thenticity of the Book of Mormon; Cubic
and Bi-Quadratic Equations; The Great
First Cause; and The Absurdities of Im-
materialism. He died Oct. 3, 1881, in
Salt Lake City, Utah.
PRATT, PARLEY PARKER, mission
ary, author, was born April 12, 1807, in
Burlington, N. Y. He was a baptist preach
er before his con
version to Mormon-
ism in 1830, and be
came one of the most
earnest and eloquent
ministers in the
church of latter-day
saints. In 1835 he
was appointed one of
the first twelve apos
tles. He was one of
the pioneers of 1847,
when the valley of
the Great Salt Lake
was selected as a place of settlement for
the exiled saints. He explored the region
in 1849, and built a road in what is
known as Parley's canon. Parley's peak
is also named after him. He was the au
thor of Voice of Warning and Instruction
to All People; History of the Persecu
tions of Missouri; and Key to the Science
of Theology. He was assassinated May 13,
1857, near Van Buren, Ark.
PRATT, PETER, lawyer, author. He
was eminent as a lawyer and published
The Prey Taken from the Strong, or an
Historical Account of the Recovery of
One from the Dangerous Errors of Qua
kerism. He died in November, 1730, in
New London, Conn.
PRATT, ROBERT M., artist, was born
in 1811 in Binghamton, N. Y. Among his
numerous portraits are those of Aaron
D. Shattuck and George H. Smillie, both
in the possession of the Academy of De
sign. He was elected an associate of the
National academy in 1849, and an acad
emician in 1851. He died Aug. 31, 1880, in
New York city.
PRATT, SAMUEL WHEELER, clergy
man, author, was born Sept. 9, 1838, in
Livonia, N. Y. He is a presbyterian
clergyman at Monroe, Mich., from 1883;
and the author of Summer at Peace Cot
tage, or Talks About Home Life; The
Gospel of the Holy Spirit; and Life of
St. Paul.
PRATT, THOMAS GEORGE, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Feb. 18, 1804, in Georgetown, D. C.
He frequently served in the Maryland
senate; and was a presidential elector in
1837. He was governor of Maryland from
1844 to 1848; and was a senator in con
gress from that state from 1850 to 1857.
He died Nov. 9, 1869, in Baltimore, Md.
PRATT, ZADOCK, manufacturer, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 30,
1790, in Stephenstown, N. Y. In 1823 he
was elected a colonel of militia; and in
1830 was elected to the New York state
senate. In 1836 he was a presidential elec
tor; and was elected to congress in 1836
and 1842. He died April 6, 1871, in Ber
gen, N. J.
PRAY, ISAAC CLARK, journalist, au
thor, was born May 15, 1813, in Boston,
Mass. He was a journalist, playwright
and theatrical manager of New York city;
and the author of Prose, and Verse; The
Book of the Drama; Memoirs of James
Gordon Bennett; and Virginius. He died
Nov. 28, 1869, in New York city.
PRAY, LEWIS GLOVER, philanthro
pist, author, was born Aug. 15, 1793, in
Quincy, Miss. He was a Boston philan
thropist who published Child's First Book
of Thought; History of Sunday-Schools;
and The Sylphid's School, and Other
Pieces in Verse. He died in 1882.
PRAY, PUBLIUS RUTILIUS RUFUS,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, author, was
born in 1795 in Maine. He practiced law
in Hancock county, Miss.; served in the
legislature in 1828; and was president of
the convention that adopted the revised
constitution of 1832. In 1833 he was ap
pointed by the legislature to revise the
laws of the state, which work he com
pleted after great labor. From 1837 till
his death he was judge of the high court
of errors and appeals. He published Re
vised Statutes of the State of Missouri.
He died Jan. 11, 1840, in Pearlington,
Miss.
PREBLE, EDWARD, naval officer, was
born Aug. 15, 1761, in Portland, Maine.
He is famous for the success of his squad
ron, under his flagship the Constitution,
sent against Tripoli in 1803. For these
services he received a gold medal from
congress. He died Aug. 25, 1807, in Port
land, Maine.
PREBLE, GEORGE HENRY, naval of
ficer, author, was born Feb. 25, 1816, in
Portland, Maine. He was a rear-admiral
in the United States navy; and the au
thor of History of the American Flag;
Chronological History of Steam Naviga
tion; and The Preble Family in America.
He died March 1, 1885, in Boston, Mass.
760
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PREBLE, HARRIET, educator, author,
was born in 1795 in England. She pub
lished translations into French prose of
Bulwer's poem The Rebel, with an his
torical introduction, and of James Feni-
more Cooper's Notions of the Americans,
and left several works in manuscript. She
died Feb. 4, 1854, in West Manchester,
Pa.
PREBLE, HENRY, educator, author,
was born in 1853 in Maine. He is an ed
ucator who was professor of Latin at Har
vard university. He has edited a re
vised edition of Andrews and Stoddard's
Latin Grammar, and several volumes of
Latin classics.
PREBLE, JEDEDIAH, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was bojrn in 1707 in
Wells, Maine. In 1774 he was commis
sioned brigadier-general by the provin
cial congress of Massachusetts, and he
was afterward made major-general, but
refused on account of age. He was judge
of the court of common pleas in 1778, and
a member of the state senate in 1780. He
died March 11, 1784, in Portland, Maine.
PRENDERGAST, DAVIS McGEE, law
yer, legislator, jurist, was born Dec. 16,
1816, in Shelbyville, Tenn. He attended
the Cumberland college, Ky.; and the
East Tennessee university of Knoxville.
He served as a member of the tenth and
thirteenth state legislatures of Texas; and
filled with distinction the office of judge
of the thirteenth judicial district of Tex
as. He is a successful lawyer of Mexia,
Texas; a decided prohibitionist; and in
1S92 was nominated by that party for gov
ernor of Texas.
PRENTICE, GEORGE, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born in 1834 in Massa
chusetts. He was a methodist clergyman,
professor of modern languages at Wesley-
an university; and the author of Life of
Bishop Gilbert Haven; Rome and Italy at
the Opening of the Oecumenical Council,
from the French of Pressense; and Life of
Wilbur Fisk.
PRENTICE, GEORGE A., lawyer, jur
ist, was born May 25, 1844, in Frankfort,
Ky. During 1858-61 he attended the Ken
tucky Military insti
tute, and received a
thorough education.
For a quarter of a
century he has been
actively engaged in
the practice of law;
has been county at
torney; served with
distinction as coun
ty judge; and is now
one of the foremost
lawyers of the south
at Morganfield, Ky.
He has filled several public positions of
honor.
PRENTICE, GEORGE DENISON, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born Dec. 18,
1802, in Preston, Conn. In 1823 he grad
uated from Brown
university; and in
1829 was admitted to
the bar, but never
practiced. In 1825 he
became editor of the
Connecticut Mirror;
in 1828 became edi
tor of the New Eng
land Weekly Re
view; and during
1831-70 was editor of
the Louisville Jour
nal. He was widely
known for his witticisms. He was the au
thor of Life of Henry Clay; and a volume
of selections from his writings entitled
Prenticeana. He died Jan. 22, 1870, in
Louisville, Ky. A collection of his po
ems was published in 1876.
PRENTIS, ROBERT RIDDICK, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 24, 1855, in Albe-
marle county, Va. During 1883-85 he was
mayor of Suffolk, Va.; presidential elec
tor in 1892; and is now judge of the first
judicial circuit court of Virginia.
PRENTISS, ALBERT NELSON, educa
tor, author, was born May 22, 1836, in
Cazenovia, N. Y. In 1868 he was elect
ed professor of botany and horticulture in
the Michigan Agriculture college, which
position he now holds. He has written a
monograph on the hemlock, and other
botanical papers.
PRENTISS, BENJAMIN MAYBERRY,
soldier, was born Nov. 23, 1819, in Belle
ville, W. Va. He organized a company
of volunteers for service in the civil war,
and his bravery earned him the sobri
quet of The Hero of Shiloh, and he was
promoted to brigadier-general of United
States volunteers.
PRENTISS, CHARLES, journalist, au
thor, was born in October, 1774, in Read
ing, Mass. He was a journalist of Wash
ington; and the author of Fugitive Es
says in Prose and Verse; Poems; History
of the United States; Trial of Calvin and
Hopkins; and Lives of Robert Treat Paine
and General William Eaton. He died Oct.
20, 1820, in Brimfield, Mass.
PRENTISS, MRS. ELIZABETH [PAY-
SON], author, was born Oct. 26, 1818, in
Portland, Maine. She was a popular writer
of religious fiction whose Stepping Heav
enward has been widely read. Among her
many other works are. Pemaquid; The
Home at Graylock; Aunt Jane's Hero;
The Flower of the Family; Little Susy
Series; and Fred, Maria and Me. She
died Aug. 13, 1878, in Dorset, Vt.
PRENTISS, GEORGE LEWIS, clergy
man, educator, author, was born May 12,
1816, in Gorham, Maine. He is a pres-
byterian clergyman of New York city;
and professor of pastoral theology in
Union seminary from 1873. He is the au
thor of Memoir of Seargent Prentiss;
Life of Elizabeth Prentiss; Our Na
tional Bane; -The Problem of the Veto
Power; The Argument between Union
Seminary and the General Assembly; and
Fifty Years of Union Seminary.
PRENTISS, JOHN HOLMES, journalist,
congressman, was born April 17, 1784, In
Worcester, Mass. In 1808 he established
the Freeman's Journal in Cooperstown, N.
Y., which he edited with ability and suc
cess until 1849. He was a representative
from New York to the twenty-fifth and
twenty-sixth congresses. He died June
26, 1864, in Cooperstown, N. Y.
PRENTISS, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born March 31, 1782,
in Stonington, Conn. In 1824 and 1825
he represented Montpelier, Vt., in the
state legislature; and in 1829 was elect
ed chief justice of the supreme court of
the state. He was a senator in congress
from Vermont from 1831 to 1842. In 1842
he was appointed judge of the federal dis
trict court in Vermont, which office he
held at the time of his death. He died
Jan. 15, 1857, in Montpelier, Vt.
PRENTISS, SEARGENT SMITH, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Sept. 30, 1808, in Portland, Maine.
He was elected to the Mississippi state
legislature in 1835; and in 1837 was chos
en a representative in congress from Mis
sissippi for the years 1838 and 1839. As
a jury orator he was acknowledged as
having no equal in the southwestern
states. He died July 1, 1850, in Long-
wood, Miss.
PRENTISS, THEODORE, lawyer, state
legislator, was born Sept. 10, 1815, in
Montpelier, Vt. He served in the Wis
consin legislature, and was three times
elected mayor of Watertown.
PRENTISS, WILLIAM A., merchant,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, was born
in 1799 in Massachusetts. In 1836 he
moved to Milwaukee, Wis.; in 1847 became
a justice of the peace; was four years a
member of the upper branch of the terri
torial legislature; and was its president
in 1840. In 1858 he became mayor of
Milwaukee.
PRESCOTT, ALBERT BENJAMIN,
chemist, author, was born Dec. 12, 1832,
in Hastings, N. Y. He is a chemist who
has been dean of the School of Pharmacy
at Michigan university from 1876; and
the author of Outlines of Proximate Or
ganic Analysis; Chemical Examination
of Alcoholic Liquors; Organic Analysis;
and Qualitative Analysis.
PRESCOTT, BENJAMIN, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 16, 1687, in Con
cord, Mass. He was the author of Ex
amination of Certain Remarks; Letter to
Joshua Gee; Letter to Rev. George White-
field; and A Free and a Calm Considera
tion of the Unhappy Misunderstandings
and Debates between Great Britain and
the American Colonies. He died May 28,
1777, in Danvers, Mass.
PRESCOTT, BENJAMIN F., journalist,
lawyer, governor, wiiS born Feb. 26, 1833,
in Epping, N. H. He became associate
editor of the Independent Democrat news
paper of Concord, N. H., and continued as
such until 1866. He was elected secretary
of state in 1872, 1873, 1875 and 1876. He
was elected governoi of New Hampshire
in 1877 and re-elecied in 1878.
PRESCOTT, CYRUS D., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Aug. 15,
1836, in New Hartford, N. Y. He was a
member of the board of aldermen of
Rome, N. Y., from 1874 to 1876; a mem
ber of the state house of representatives
in 1878; and was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses as a republican.
PRESCOTT, GEORGE BARTLETT,
electrician, author, was born Sept. 16,
1830, in Kingston, N. H: In 1873 he vis
ited Europe in the interest of the Western
Union Telegraph company for the purpose
of investigating the various systems of
telegraphy in operation there, and found
many important objects of recommenda
tion, which he patented in the United
States and Great Britain. He has pub
lished History, Theory and Practice of
the Electric Telegraph; The Proposed
Union of the Telegraph and Postal Sys
tems (New York) ; The Government and
the Telegraph; and Electricity and the
Electric Telegraph. He died in 1894.
PRESCOTT, OLIVER, soldier, jurist,
was born April 27, 1731, in Groton, Mass.
In 1778 he was appointed third major-gen
eral of militia in Massachusetts, and in
1781 he became second major-general, but
soon afterward he resigned. From 1779
till his death he was judge of probate for
Middlesex county. He died Nov. 17, 1804,
in Groton, Mass.
PRESCOTT, OLIVER, physician, au
thor, was born April 4, 1762, in Groton,
Mass. He removed to Newburyport in
1811, practicing successfully there till his
death. He was often a representative in
the legislature, and was a founder, trus
tee, and treasurer of Groton academy.
He died Sept. 26, 1827, in Newburyport.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
761
PRESCOTT, WILLIAM, soldier, was
born Feb. 20, 1726, in Groton, Mass. He
fought with distinguished bravery at the
battle of Bunker Hill, where he was one
of the chief commanders. He died Oct. 13,
1795, in Pepperell, Mass.
PRESCOTT, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born Aug. 19, 1762, in
Pepperell, Mass. He removed to Salem,
Mass., and after representing that town
for several years in the legislature, he was
elected a state senator by the federal
party for Essex county, first in 1806, and
again in 1813. He died Dec. 8, 1844, in
Boston, Mass.
PRESCOTT, WILLIAM, physician, au
thor, was born Dec. 29, 1788, in Gilman-
ton, N. H. He was an enthusiastic col
lector of minerals and shells, and was a
member of many literary and scientific
societies. He wrote the Prescott Me
morial. He died Oct. 18, 1875, in Gilman-
ton, N. H.
PRESCOTT, WILLIAM C., lawyer, leg
islator, was born Dec. 11, 1848, in New
Hartford, N. Y. During 1893-94 he was a
member of the New York state legislature.
He is a prominent lawyer of Herkimer,
N. Y., and grand marshal of Free and Ac
cepted Masons of his state.
PRESCOTT, WILLIAM HICKLING, his
torian, author, was born May 4, 1796, in
Salem, Mass. He was a celebrated his
torian of Boston. In 1837 his History of
the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella ap
peared and brought him instant fame. It
was followed by The Conquest of Mexico;
The Conquest of Peru; an edition of
Robertson's Charles V, with Prescott's
own work on the cloister life of that
monarch; History of Philip II; and
Biographical and Critical Miscellanies.
He died Jan. 28, 1850, in Boston, Mass.
PRESSEY, EDWARD PEARSON, edu
cator, clergyman, sociologist, was born in
1869 in Salem, N. H. He attended the
Pinkerton academy of Derry, N. H. ; and
graduated from Harvard college and from
Harvard Divinity school. He has been a
successful teacher in the Boston public
schools; and now fills a pastorate in the
First Congregational church of Rowe,
Mass. He is a practical sociologist, and
contributes extensively to current liter
ature.
PRESTON, ACHSAH ANNIE, author,
was born Oct. 18, 1840, in Vernon, Vt.
For forty years she has contributed to
the leading publications of America.
PRESTON, ANN, physician, lecturer,
author, was born Dec. 1, 1813, in West
Grove, Pa. She was active in the estab
lishment of the Woman's hospital of
Philadelphia, and was from its beginning
one of the managers, its corresponding
secretary, and its consulting physician.
She published various essays on the medi
cal education of women, and was the au
thor of a book of poems entitled Cousin
Ann's Stories for Children. She died
April 18, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PRESTON, CHARLES, legislator, was
born March 10, 1856, in Milbrook, N. Y.
He is a representative of the South Da
kota state legislature. He is the owner
of a ranch of two thousand acres well
stocked with sheep.
PRESTON, DAVID, banker, philanthro
pist, was born Sept. 20, 1826, in Harmony,
N. Y. He established himself as a banker
in Detroit and Chicago. He gave about
$200,000 to charities, and pledged himself
to raise from the people of Michigan ?60,-
000, giving himself nearly one-half of this
sum, for Albion college, of which he was
a trustee from 1862 till his death. He died
April 24, 1887, in Detroit, Mich.
PRESTON, FRANCIS, congressman,
was born Aug. 2, 1765, in Botetourt coun
ty, Va. He was a member of congress
from Virginia from 1793 to 1797. He died
May 25, 1835, in Columbia, S. C.
PRESTON, HARRIET WATERS, au
thor, was born in 1843 in Danvers, Mass.
She is a high authority upon Provencal
literature and a writer of literary criti
cism and historical studies who has lived
much in Europe. She is the author of
Aspendale; Love in the Nineteenth Cen
tury; Troubadours and Trouveres; A
Year in Eden; Is That All? a novel;
and The Georgics of Virgil in English
Verse.
PRESTON, JACOB A., congressman,
was born in Maryland. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1845.
PRESTON, JAMES PATTON, soldier,
governor, was born in 1774 in Montgom
ery county, Va. For many years he was
postmaster of the city of Richmond; and
was governor of Virginia from 1816 to
1819. He died May 4, 1843, in Smithfield,
Va.
PRESTON, MRS. MARGARET [JUN-
KIN], author, poet, was born in 1825 in
Philadelphia, Pa. She was a poet and
prose writer of Lexington, Va., and later
of Baltimore; and the author of Old
Song and New; Beechenbrook, a Rhyme
of the War; Colonial Ballads, Sonnets,
and Other Verse; For Love's Sake; The
Young Ruler's Question; Silverwood, a
novel; and A Handful of Monographs.
PRESTON, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1665 in Patuxent, Md. He
was chosen mayor of Philadelphia in 1711;
and in 1714 became the treasurer of the
province, retaining the office until his
death. In 1726 he became a justice of the
peace and of the court of common pleas.
He died Sept. 10, 1743, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PRESTON, THOMAS LEWIS, manufac
turer, state legislator, author, was born
Nov. 28, 1812, in Botetourt county, Va.
He was for many years engaged in Wash
ington and Smith counties, Va., in the
manufacture of salt, in which he made
material improvements. He was twice a
member of the legislature, for many years
a visitor of the university of Virginia,
and twice its rector. He has published
Life of Elizabeth Russell, Wife of Gen.
William Campbell of King's Mountain.
PRESTON, THOMAS SCOTT, clergy
man, author, was born July 23, 1824, in
Hartford, Conn. He was a Roman cath
olic clergyman, but prior to 1849 in orders
in the episcopal church. From 1881 he
was a domestic prelate of the papal house
hold with the title of monsignore. He
was the author of Protestantism and the
Bible; Reason and Revelation; Christ
and the Church; The Ark of the Cove
nant; Sermons for the Seasons; Life of
St. Mary Magdalene; Life of St. Vincent
de Paul; Christian Unity; and Purga-
torian Manual. He died in 1891.
PRESTON, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 16, 1816, in Louisville, Ky. He went
to Mexico as a lieutenant-colonel of the
Kentucky volunteers; and served in the
convention called to frame anew the con
stitution of Kentucky. In 1850 and 1851
he was elected to the state legislature;
and was a presidential elector in 1852,
voting for Scott. He was elected a repre
sentative from Kentucky to the thirty-
second congress to fill a vacancy; and was
re-elected to the thirty-third congress. In
1858 he was appointed minister to Spain.
He took part in the rebellion, and was a
brigadier-general; and in 1868 was elect
ed to the state legislature. He died
Sept. 21, 1887, in Lexington, Ky.
PRESTON, WILLIAM BALLARD, sec
retary of navy, was born Nov. 25, 1805, in
Smithfield, Va. He graduated from the
university of Vir
ginia, and attained
prominence as a suc
cessful lawyer. He
served a number of
terms in the Vir
ginia state senate;
and in 1846 was sent
to congress. In 1849
was appointed secre
tary of navy. He
was elected to the
confederate senate In
1861; and was a
member of that body at the time of his
death. He died Nov. 16, 1862, in Mont
gomery county, Va.
PRESTON, WILLIAM CAMPBELL,
lawyer, United States senator, was born
Dec. 27, 1794, in Philadelphia, Pa. He
was admitted to the bar in 1821, and com
menced the practice of law in Virginia.
In 1822 he moved to Columbia, S. C.; and
in 1832 was elected to the senate of the
United States from South Carolina. In
1855 he became president of the university
of South Carolina. He died May 22, 1860,
in Columbia, S. C.
PRETTYMAN, ELIJAH BARRETT, ed
ucator, was born Feb. 20, 1830, in Wil-
liamsport, Pa. He attended a classical
school in Baltimore;
then attended the
Cumberland acad
emy; and subse
quently graduated
j^HSi from Dickinson
academy. He has at
tained success in ed
ucational work; has
been principal of
Brookeville a c a d-
emy; principal of
Maryland State Nor
mal school; and state
superintendent of public instruction of
Maryland. He is prominent in education
al affairs; and has contributed valuable
articles to educational journals.
PREVOST, CHARLES MALLET, sol
dier, lawyer, was born Sept. 19, 1818, in
Baltimore, Md. He was appointed United
States marshal for the territory of Wis
consin, and he was subsequently deputy
collector of the port of Philadelphia. He
died Nov. 5, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PREVOST, JOHN B., lawyer, jurist. In
1804 he was appointed a judge of the
United States court for the territory of
Orleans.
PREYER, HUGO, journalist, writer,
orator, was born Jan. 20, 1847, in Prussia.
Since 1872 he has been engaged in re
form work; was
publisher of the Ohio
Staats Zeitung of
i ,
JH the Colorado Staats
Zeitung of Denver,
Colo. He has deliv
ered speeches in
nearly every state in
the union; and in
1878 was the candi
date for lieutenant-
governor of Ohio on
the greenback ticket.
He has been national chairman of the
greenback labor party; for two years was
state chairman of the people's party of
Ohio; and for four years was a member
of the national committee of the people's
party, receiving the re-election for a sec
ond term of four years more.
762
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PRICE, ANDREW, lawyer, planter, con
gressman, was born April 2, 1854, in
Chatsworth plantation, La. He was elect
ed from Louisiana to the fifty-first con
gress to fill a vacancy. He was elected to
the fifty-second and fifty-third congresses
and re-elected to the fifty-fourth congress
as a democrat.
PRICE, BRUCE, architect, author, was
born Sept. 12, 1845, in Cumberland, Md.
He is an architect of New York city; and
the author of A Large Country House.
PRICE, CURTIS E., surgeon, was born
Sept. 25, 1840, in Letimbreville, Ohio. He
entered the army as surgeon, and was
brevetted lieutenant-colonel for gallant
conduct at the battle of Nashville; served
with the army of the Cumberland until
the close of the war; and since 1867 has
been in the regular service of the United
States army as surgeon.
PRICE, E. B., poet. He is the author
of a volume of poems entitled Beulah.
PRICE, ELI KIRK, lawyer, author, was
born July 20, 1797, in Bradford, Pa. He
was a Philadelphia lawyer of prominence
and the author of Law of Limitations and
Liens against Real Estate. He died Nov.
14, 1884, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PRICE, GEORGE EDMUND, lawyer,
legislator, was born Nov. 9, 1848, in
Moorefield, W. Va. He is a prominent
lawyer of Charleston, W. Va. During
1883-90 he was a state senator of the
West Virginia legislature, and in 1885-87
was president of that body.
PRICE, GEORGE WASHINGTON FER
GUS, educator, was born Sept. 24, 1830, in
Butler county, Ala. In 1872 he became
president of the Methodist Female college
at Huntsville, Ala., resigning in 1880,
when he removed to Nashville, Tenn., and
established there the Nashville College
for Young Ladies.
PRICE, HIRAM, public official, con
gressman, was born Jan. 10, 1814, in
Washington county, Pa. He was presi
dent of the State bank of Iowa from 1859
to 1866; and was paymaster-general of
Iowa during the civil war. He was elect
ed a representative from Iowa to the
thirty-eighth, thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-
fifth, and forty-sixth congresses. He was
president of the Davenport and St. Paul
Railroad company.
PRICE, HUGH H., merchant, congress
man, was born Dec. 2, 1859, in Black
River Falls, Wis. He is engaged in mill
ing and lumoer business in Black River
Falls, Wis.; and was elected to the forty-
ninth congress as a republican to fill a
vacancy.
PRICE, IRA MAURICE, educator, au
thor, was born in 1856 in Ohio. He is an
educator of Chicago, professor of Semitic
languages in the university of Chicago
from 1892; and the author of Syllabus of
Old Testament History.
PRICE, RODMAN McCAULEY, lawyer,
congressman, governor, was born May 5,
1816, in Sussex county, N. J. He was ap
pointed purser in the
navy in 1840; and
is said to have been
the first person to
exercise judicial
•functions under the
American flag on the
Pacific coast, as al
calde. In 1848 he
was made naval
agent for the Pacific
coast; was a repre
sentative in congress
from his native state
from 1851 to 1853;
elected governor
and was subsequently
of New Jersey. He
caused the establishment in that state of
a normal school, and did much to improve
the militia of the state. He was a dele
gate to the peace congress of 1861.
PRICE, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, United States senator, was born
Aug. 18, 1805, in Fauquier county, Va.
He served several terms in the Virginia
state legislature; and in 1863 was elected
lieutenant-governor of Virginia, holding
the office until the close of the civil war.
In 1876 he was appointed United States
senator, serving about two months. He
died Feb. 25, 1884, in Leesburg, Va.
PRICE, STERLING, soldier, congress
man, governor, was born Sept. 12, 1809,
in Prince Edward county, Va. He was a
representative in congress from Missouri
from 1845 to 1847; and was governor of
that state from 1853 to 1857. He was iden
tified with the great rebellion of 1861 as
a major-general. He died Sept. 29, 1867,
in St. Louis, Mo.
PRICE, THEOPHILUS TOWNSEND,
physician, author, poet, was born May 21,
1828, in Cape May county, N. J. Since
1879 he has been acting assistant surgeon
in the United States marine hospital ser
vice, the first and only appointment of
the kind in New Jersey. He has served
in the New Jersey legislature. He is the
author of the entire historical and de
scriptive part of the Historical and Bio
graphical Atlas of the New Jersey Coast.
PRICE, THOMAS LAWSON, congress
man, was born Jan. 19, 1809, near Dan
ville, Va. He was elected a representative
from Missouri to the thirty-seventh con
gress. He died July 15, 1870, in Lexington,
Mo.
PRICE, THOMAS RANDOLPH, educat
or, author, was born in 1839 in Virginia.
He is a professor of English literature at
Columbia college from 1882; and the au
thor of The Teaching of the Mother
Tongue; and Shakespeare's Verse Con
struction.
PRICE, TITUS ELLSWORTH, lawyer,
legislator, was born Sept. 18, 1861, In
Solon, Ohio. For three successive terms
he was city treasurer of Highmore, S. D.;
during 1887-91 was superintendent of pub
lic instruction for Hyde county; and in
1891-93 was state's attorney for the same
county. In 1893 he was a member of the
South Dakota house of representatives;
and in 1895 was a delegate to the nation
al republican league convention held in
Cleveland, Ohio. In 1895 he moved to
Yankton, S. D., where he is engaged in
the practice of law, and very prominent
in political affairs.
PRICE, WALTER, farmer, politician,
writer, was born July 19, 1860, in Marshall
county, Iowa. He is a successful farmer
of Milford, S. D.; a writer on economic
questions from the farmer's standpoint;
and for ten years has been a correspond
ent of the Dakota Ruralist and other re
form papers. He has been postmaster of
his city, and held various other offices;
has been chairman of the county commit
tee; a member of the state committee of
the people's party of South Dakota; and
was the nominee for state senator in
1892.
PRICE, WILLIAM P., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Jan. 29,
1835, in Dahlonega, Ga. He practiced law
at Greenville, S. C., and was a member of
the state legislature in 1864-66. He re
turned to Georgia in 1866, and was a
member of the legislature of Georgia in
1868. He was elected a representative
from Georgia to the forty-first congress,
and was re-elected to the forty-second
congress as a democrat.
PRICE, WILLIAM THOMAS, clergy
man, author, was born July 19, 1830, near
Marlinton, W. Va. He was prepared for
college at the Hillsboro academy, and
graduated in 1854 from Washington col
lege, now called the Washington and Lee
university, receiving a forty-dollar gold
medal as the first honor graduate. In
1857 he completed his theological studies
at the Union Theological seminary, and
was licensed the same year to preach.
His time has since been devoted mainly
to the ministry of the presbyterian church
— for forty years — twelve years as home
missionary in Bath and Highland
counties, Va. ; sixteen years as pastor in
Cooke's Creek church in Rockingham, Va.,
and twelve years as pastor in Hunters-
ville and Marlinton churches. He has con
tributed extensively to religious litera
ture; and is the author of several pub
lished works.
PRICE, WILLIAM THOMPSON, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born June 17, 1824, in Barre township,
Pa. He was judge of Jackson county,
Wis., once by election and once by ap
pointment, and was a representative in
the state legislature in 1851 and 1852. He
was a state senator in 1857, 1870, 1871,1878,
1879, 1880 and 1881. He was collector of
internal revenue from 1863 to 1865. He
was elected a representative from Wiscon
sin to the forty-eighth and forty-ninth
congresses. He died Dec. 6, 1886, in Eau
Claire, Wis.
PRICKETT, HENRY E., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Feb. 1, 1829, in
England. He was county judge of Jack
son county, Wis., from 1856 to 1860, and
was a representative in the state legis
lature in 1858. He settled in Idaho ter
ritory; was a member of the council of the
territorial legislature in 1875, and in 1876
was appointed associate justice of the su
preme court of Idaho, and was reap-
pointed in 1880.
PRICKETT, JACOB P., journalist, poet,
was born May 10, 1836, in Benton, Ind.
He is the editor of the Albion New Era
of his native state, and is the author of
a number of poems.
PRIDEMORE, AUBURN LORENZO,
soldier, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born June 27, 1837, in Scott
county, Va. He was elected to the Vir
ginia assembly in 1865, but the close of
the war annulled the election. He prac
ticed law in Jonesville, Va.; was a state
senator from 1871 to 1875, and was elected
a representative from Virginia to the
forty-fifth congress as a democrat.
PRIEST, HENRY SAMUEL, jurist, was
born Feb. 7, 1853, in Rails county, Mo.
In 1894 he was appointed United States
district judge for the eastern district of
Missouri.
PRIEST, JOSIAH, author, was born
about 1790 in New York. He was a har
ness-maker of New York state, some of
whose books were very popular. He was
the author of Wonders of Nature; View
of the Millennium; Stories of the Revo
lution; American Antiquities; and Slavery
in the Light of History and Scripture. He
died about 1850.
PRIME, BENJAMIN YOUNG, physi
cian, author, poet; was born Dec. 20, 1733,
in Huntington, L. I. He was a physician
of Huntington, L. I., who wrote patriotic
verses during the revolutionary period.
The Patriot Muse, published in 1764, in
cludes his earlier poems. Columbia's
Glory, or British Pride Humbled, is a
long poem printed in 1791. He died Oct.
31, 1791, in Huntington, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
763
PRIME, EDWARD DORR GRIFFIN,
clergyman, journalist, author, was born
Nov. 2, 1814, in Cambridge, N. Y. He was
a presbyterian clergyman, who was one of
the editors of The New York Observer,
to which he contributed the Letters of
Eusebius. He was the author of Around
the World; and Forty Years in the Turk
ish Empire, or Memoirs of Reverend Wil
liam Goodell. He died April 7, 1891, in
New York.
PRIME, FREDERICK, geologist, edu
cator, was born March 1, 1846, in Phila
delphia, Pa. In 1870 he was elected pro
fessor of mining and metallurgy at Lafa
yette, and in 1874 he became assistant
geologist on the geological survey of
Pennsylvania, both of which places he
filled until 1879. At the world's fair of
1876 he was judge of the group on mining
and metallurgy, filling the office of secre
tary to the board.
PRIME, FREDERICK EDWARD, sol
dier, was born Sept. 24, 1829, in Italy.
He was promoted major in 1863, brevetted
lieutenant-colonel the following month for
meritorious services before Vicksburg,
and colonel and brigadier-general in 1865
for gallant conduct throughout the war.
PRIME, NATHANIEL SCUDDER, cler
gyman, author, was born April 21, 1785,
in Huntington, L. I. He was a presby
terian clergyman of Newburgh, N. Y.,
and the author of Familiar Illustration
of Christian Baptism; and History of
Long Island. He died March 27, 1856, in
Mamaroneck, N. Y.
PRIME, SAMUEL IREN^E'US, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born Nov.
4, 1812, in Ballston, N. Y. He was a
presbyterian clergyman, editor of The
New York Observer for forty-five years.
He was the author of Fifteen Years of
Prayer; Irenaeus Letters; The Old White
Meeting-House; Life in New York; An
nals of the English Bible; Songs of the
Soul; Life of S. B. F. Morse; Pray
er and Its Answer; Walking with God;
Travels in Europe and the East; The
Bible in the Levant; The Alhambra and
the Kremlin; and Under the Trees. He
died July 18, 1885, in Manchester, Vt.
PRIME, WILLIAM COWPER, journal
ist, educator, author, was born Oct. 31,
1825, in Cambridge, N. Y. He is a law
yer and journalist, and professor of the
history of art at Princeton college from
1884. He is the author of Boat Life in
Egypt; Tent Life in the Holy Land; Pot
tery and Porcelain; The Owl Creek Let
ters; Coins, Medals and Seals; I Go
A-Fishing; Holy Cross; Along New Eng
land Roads; and Among the Northern
Hills.
PRINCE, CHARLES H., soldier, public
official, congressman, was born May 9,
1837, in Buckfield, Maine. In 1868 he
was elected a representative from Georgia
to the fortieth congress as a republican.
PRINCE, GEORGE W., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born March
4, 1854, in Tazewell county, 111. He was
elected a member of the lower house of
the general assembly of Illinois in 1888,
and was re-elected in 1890. He was elect
ed to the fifty-fourth congress at a spe
cial election held in 1895, to fill a va
cancy, and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
PRINCE, MRS. HELEN CHOATE
(PRATT), author, was born in 1857 in
Massachusetts. She is a novelist now liv
ing in France, and the author of The
Story of Christine Rochefort; and A
Transatlantic Chatelaine.
PRINCE, HENRY, soldier, was born
June 19, 1811, in Eastport, Maine. In the
civil war he took part in the northern
Virginia campaign, and was made briga
dier-general of volunteers.
PRINCE, L. BRADFORD, lawyer, jur
ist, senator, governor, author, was born
July 3, 1840, in Flushing, N. Y. In 1871
he was elected to the New York assembly
from Queens county; in 1875 was a mem
ber of the state senate; in 1879 was elect
ed chief justice of New Mexico; and in
1889 was elected governor. He is the au
thor of American Nationality; General
Laws of New Mexico; History of New
Mexico; and The American Church and
Its Name.
PRINCE, NATHAN, missionary, au
thor, was born Nov. 30, 1698, in Sand
wich, Mass. He took orders in the Church
of England, and was sent as a missionary
to the Mosquito Indians in Central Amer
ica. He published an Essay to Solve the
Difficulties Attending the Several Ac
counts Given of the Resurrection; and an
Account of the Constitution and Govern
ment of Harvard College from 1636 to
1742. He died July 25, 1748, in Honduras.
PRINCE, OLIVER HILLHOUSE, law
yer, congressman, author, was born about
1787 in Connecticut. He published a Di
gest of the Laws of Georgia. He was a
senator in congress from Georgia dur
ing the years 1828 and 1829. He died Oct.
9, 1837, at sea.
PRINCE, THOMAS, governor, was born
in 1601, in England. He came to America
on the Mayflower; and during 1634-38 was
governor of Plymouth Colony, and also
during 1657-73. He died March 29, 1673,
in Plymouth, Mass.
PRINCE, THOMAS, clergyman, author,
was born May 15, 1687, in Sandwich, Mass.
He was a congregational minister, pastor
of the Old South church in Boston, 1718-
58, and one of the most fair-minded, ac
curate historical writers that America has
had. His library now forms a separate
collection in the Boston public library.
He is the author of Earthquakes of New
England (1755); and Chronological His
tory of New England. He died Oct. 22,
1758, in Boston, Mass.
PRINCE, THOMAS, editor, was born
Feb. 27, 1722, in Boston, Mass. He edited
the earliest American periodical, which
was entitled Christian History, and con
tained accounts of the revival and propa
gation of religion in Great Britain and
America for 1743. He died Sept. 30, 1748,
in Boston, Mass.
PRINCE, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from In
diana from 1823 to 1824. He died Sept. 8,
1824, in Princeton, Ind.
PRINCE, WILLIAM, horticulturist, au
thor, was born Nov. 10, 1766, in Flush
ing, L. I. He was a horticulturist of
Flushing, L. I., whose Treatise on Horti
culture (1826) was the first comprehen
sive work on the subject published in the
United States. He died April 9, 1842, in
Flushing, N. Y.
PRINCE, WILLIAM ROBERT, horticul
turist, author, was born Nov. 6, 1795, in
Flushing, L. I. He was a horticulturist
of Flushing, and the author of History of
the Vine (with W. Prince); Pomological
Manual; and Manual of Roses. He died
March 28, 1869, in Flushing, N. Y.
PRINDLE, ELIZUR H., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born May 6,
1829, in Newton, Conn. He was district
attorney of Chenango county, N. Y., in
1860-62, and was a member of the state as
sembly in 1863. He was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-
second congress as a republican.
PRINGLE, BENJAMIN, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 9, 1807, in
Richfield, N. Y. He moved to Batavia, N.
Y., in 1830, and attained success as an able
lawyer. He held the office of judge in the
court of common pleas, and was a mem
ber of the thirty-third and thirty-fourth
congresses. He served in the assembly in
1862, and in 1863 was appointed by Presi
dent Lincoln a judge under a treaty with
Great Britain for the suppression of the
slave trade. He died June 7, 1887.
PRINGREY, DARIUS HARLAN, law
yer, author, was born April 23, 1841, in
Andover, N. Y. In 1877 he was admitted
to the bar, and the following year began
the practice of law at Bloomington, 111.
He is the author of two legal works:'
Chattel Mortgages; and Mortgages of
Real Property, in two volumes.
PRITCHARD, JETER CONNELLY,
journalist, state legislator, United States
senator, was born July 12, 1857, in Jones-
boro, Tenn. He was joint editor and own
er of the Roan Mountain Republican until
1887, when he removed to Marshall, N. C.
He was elected to the legislature in 1884,
1886, and 1890; was the republican can
didate for lieutenant-governor in 1888 and
was the republican caucus in 1887. In
1894 he became prominent in the co
operation movement in North Carolina,
and the success of that movement resulted
in his election to the United States sen
ate to fill a vacancy. He was re-elected
in 1897 for term expiring March 3, 1903.
PROCTOR, EDNA DEAN, litterateur,
author, was born Oct. 10, 1838, in Henni-
ker, N. H. She is a writer formerly of
Brooklyn, N. Y., now of South Framing-
ham, Mass. She is the author of Poems;
A Russian Journey; and The Song of the
Ancient People.
PROCTOR, LUCIEN BROCK, author,
was born March 6, 1826, in Hanover, N. H.
He is a legal writer of Albany, and the
author of The Bench and the Bar of the
State of New York; Lives of the State
Chancellors; Life of Thomas Emmet;
Lawyer and Client; Bench and Bar of
King's County; and Legal History of Al
bany and Schenectady Counties.
PROCTOR, REDFIELD, soldier, state
senator, governor, United States senator,
was born June 1, 1831, in Cavendish, Vt.
He served as lieu-
j^0^. i tenant and quarter
master of the third
A regiment of Vermont
H volunteers, and was
major of the fifth
and colonel of the
fifteenth Vermont
regiments. He was a
member of the Ver
mont house of repre
sentatives in 1867,
1868, and 1888; was
a member of the
state senate and president pro tempore
of that body in 1874 and 1875; and was
lieutenant-governor from 1876 to 1878 and
governor from 1878 to 1880. He was a
delegate to the republican national con
ventions of 1884 and 1888, and was ap
pointed secretary of war by President
Harrison in 1889. In 1891 he resigned
from the cabinet to accept the appoint
ment as United States senator, and was
elected by the Vermont legislature to fill
both the unexpired and the full terms.
His term of service will expire in 1899.
During 1869-89 he was actively engaged
in the marble business; organized and
was president of the Vermont Marble
company, which became the largest pro
ducer and manufacturer of marble in
the world.
764
HKRRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PROCTOR, THOMAS, soldier, was born
in 1739 in Ireland. In 1793 he became
brigadier-general of the Pennsylvania
troops, and marched against the whiskey
insurgents at the head of the first bri
gade. After this he became major-gen
eral of the Philadelphia militia. He died
March 16, 1806, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PROCTOR, THOMAS H., manufacturer,
author, was born March 12, 1842, in Mar-
blehead, Mass. He is a successful shoe
manufacturer of Vineland, N. J., and the
present head of the populist party of
New Jersey. He was educated in the pub
lic schools of his native city; took a
course in a leading business college;
started in the shoe manufacturing busi
ness in 1866, and removed to Vineland
four years later. He is an able and in
teresting speaker, and an advocate of
woman's suffrage and temperance. He is
the author of a work entitled The Bank
er's Dream, a monograph disguised as a
story.
PROCTOR, WILLIAM LAWRENCE,
lumber merchant, was born March 26,
1837, in Washington, N. H. He received
the rudiments of his education in the dis
trict schools; attended Tubbs' Union acad
emy; and finished with two terms in the
New London academy. In 1857 he worked
for his uncle at Burlington, Vt., in the
lumber business; and two years later
continued in the same business at Og-
densburg, N. Y. He has filled all the im
portant offices in that city, and was its
mayor in 1871-74, and 1884, and in 1886;
and since 1887 has been one of the man
agers of the St. Lawrence State hospital.
In 1888 he was the presidential elector,
and cast nis vote for Benjamin Harrison
for president. In 3896 he was a delegate
to the republican national convention;
and since 1882 has been one of the repub
lican state committeemen. Since 1882 he
has also been one of the superintendents
of the poor; and trustee and president of
the Ogdensburg cemetery since 1880. Since
1857 he has been respectively, employee,
manager, vice-president and president of
the Skillings, Whitney and Barnes Lum
ber company.
PROFIT, GEORGE H., diplomat, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from Indiana from 1839 to 1843,
and in 1843 was United States minister to
Brazil. He died Sept. 5, 1847, in Louis
ville, Ky.
PROONIE, JOHN WILLIAM, educator,
chemist, was born June 19, 1866, in
Cole's Creek, Miss. He has been a fellow
in chemistry of the university of Missis
sippi, and professor of natural sciences
and chairman of the faculty in the Mis
sissippi college.
PROSE, JOSEPH BENSON, educator,
lawyer, was born Feb. 8, 1856, in Patriot,
Ohio. He received a liberal education in
the public schools, and subsequently at
tended the Ohio university for three years.
In his early days he was engaged in ed
ucational work; and is now a prominent
lawyer of Kansas at Hoisington. He is
attorney for the Missouri and Pacific Rail
way company; and a most successful
commercial and corporation lawyer.
PROSSER, WILLIAM F., soldier, mer
chant, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born March 16, 1834, in Will-
iamsport, Pa. He was elected a repre
sentative in the Tennessee state legisla
ture in 1867, and was elected a represent
ative from Tennessee to the forty-first
congress as a republican.
PROUD, ROBERT, author, was born
May 10, 1728, in England. He was the
author of a History of Pennsylvania He
died July 7, 1813, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PROUDFIT, ALEXANDER MON-
CRIEF, clergyman, author, was born Nov.
10, 1770, in Pequea, Pa. He was an as
sociate reformed presbyterian clergyman,
and the author of Discourses on the Par
ables; and Theological Works. He died
Nov. 23, 1843, in New Brunswick, N. J.
PROUDFIT, DAVID LAW, soldier,
poet, was born Oct. 27. 1842, in New-
burgh, N. Y. He served as a union sol
dier during the civil war, gaining the rank
of major. He afterward entered business
in New York city. His poems have been
collected in two volumes entitled, Love
Among the Gamins; and Mask and Dom
ino. He died in 1897.
PROUDFIT, JOHN WILLIAMS, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born Sept. 22,
1803, in Salem, N. Y. He was a Dutch
reformed clergyman, professor of Greek
in Rutgers college, 1840-64, and the au
thor of Man's Two-Fold Life. He died
March 9, 1870, in New Brunswick, N. J.
PROUTY, CHARLES AZRO, lawyer,
state legislator, was born Oct. 9, 1853, in
Newport, R. I. In 1882-86 he was state's
attorney, and in 1888 was elected a mem
ber of the Rhode Island house of repre
sentatives. In 1896 he was appointed a
member of the inter-state commerce com
mission at Washington, D. C.
PRUDDEN, THEOPHILE MITCHELL,
educator, physician, author, was born in
1849 in Connecticut. He is a New York
physician, professor of pathology in the
college of Physicians and Surgeons, and
the author of Manual of Normal Histology
(with Delafield); Dust and Its Dangers;
Water and Ice; Handbook of Pathological
Anatomy; and Story of the Bacteria.
PRUD'HOMME, JOHN FRANCIS EU
GENE, engraver, was born Oct. 4, 1800,
in West Indies. At the age of seventeen
he essayed engraving portraits, and pro
duced several fine plates for Longacre
and Herring's National Portrait Gallery
of Distinguished Americans. He also en
graved some plates for the annuals that
were fashionable at that time. He is the
oldest living American engraver.
PRIIITT, WILLIAM MONTCALM, edu
cator, was born Nov. 21, 1866, in Meridian-
ville, Ala. He attended the State Normal
and Industrial school of Huntsville, Ala.;
and graduated from the Southland col
lege, Arkansas, with the degree of B. S.
He has attained success as a teacher in
the public schools of Arkansas, and is
now principal of the Normal department
of Southland college.
PRUYN, JOHN VAN SCHAICK LAN
SING, lawyer, state senator, congress
man, was born June 22, 1811, in Albany,
N. Y. In 1844 he was made a member of
the board of regents, and in 1862 chancel
lor of the university of New York. He
was a state senator in 1862, and at a spe
cial election in 1863 was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the thirty-
eighth congress to fill a vacancy. He was
re-elected to the fortieth congress. He
died Nov. 21, 1877, in Clifton Springs,
N. Y.
PRUYN, ISAAC, lawyer, banker, was
born Nov. 25, 1816, in Kinderhook, N. Y.
He was one of the incorporators of the
Catskill Mountain railroad; and also
trustee and director of several banking
and. railroad corporations.
PRYOR, LUKE, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, United States senator, was
born July 5, 1820, in Madison county, Ala.
In 1845 he moved to Limestone county,
Ala., and in 1855 was elected a repre
sentative in the state legislature. In 1880
he was appointed United States senator,
and was elected a representative from
Alabama to the forty-eighth congress as
a democrat.
PRYOR, ROGER ATKINSON, soldier,
legislator, jurist, congressman, was born
July 19, 1828, near Petersburg, Va. He
was a brigadier-general in the confederate
army and a member of the confederate
congress. He was a member of the thir
ty-sixth and thirty-seventh congresses,
special minister to Greece under the
Pierce administration, and judge of court
of common pleas in New York city, where
he was also justice of the supreme court.
PUFFER, REUBEN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Jan. 7, 1756, in Sudbury,
Mass. In 1781 he became pastor of the
congregational church in Berlin, which
charge he held till his death. He pub
lished an election sermon; Dudleian Lec
ture at Harvard; an Address; Convention
Sermon; and Two Sermons. He died
April 9, 1829, in Berlin, Mass.
PUGH, MRS. ELIZA LOFTON (PHIL
LIPS)— ARRIA— author, was born in 1841
in Louisiana. She is a novelist of Assump
tion Parish, La., and the author of Not a
Hero; and In a Crucible.
PUGH, EVAN, chemist, college presi
dent, was born Feb. 29, 1828, in Notting
ham, Pa. In 1859 he accepted the presi
dency of Pennsylvania Agricultural col
lege. He at once organized a new scheme
of instruction, planned and superintend
ed the erection of the college buildings.
He died April 29, 1864, in Bellefontaine,
Pa.
PUGH, GEORGE ELLIS, soldier, law
yer, United States senator, was born
Nov. 28, 1822, in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was
a representative in the Ohio legislature
in 1848 and 1849. He was appointed so
licitor of the city of Cincinnati in 1850,
and was attorney-general of the state in
1851. He was elected a senator in con
gress from 1855 for six years. He died
July 19, 1876, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
PUGH, JAMES LAWRENCE, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Dec. 12, 1820, in Burke county, Pa.
He was a presidential elector in 1848,
1856, and 1876, and was elected a repre
sentative from Alabama to the thirty-
sixth congress. In 1861 he was elected to
the confederate congress, and was re-
elected in 1863. He was elected a United
States senator from Alabama in 1885 to
fill a vacancy, and was re-elected in 1884
and in 1890.
PUGH, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1805 to 1809.
PUGH, JOHN HOWARD, physician,
banker, congressman, was born June 23,
1827, in Chester county, Pa. He moved to
Burlington, N. J., and commenced the
practice of nis profession in 1854. In 1869
he was elected president of the Mechan
ics' National bank of Burlington, and was
elected a representative from New Jersey
to the forty-fifth congress as a republi
can.
PUGH, SAMUEL J., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 28, 1850, in
Greenup county, Ky. He has held suc
cessively the offices
of city attorney in
1872-73; master com
missioner of the cir
cuit court in 1874-80;
county attorney In
1878-86; and county
judge in 1886-90. He
was delegate to the
Kentucky constitu
tional convention in
1890-91, and state
senator in 1893-94. He
was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a
republican.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
765
PUGSLEY, JACOB J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Dutchess county,
N. Y. He served in both branches of the
Ohio state legislature. He was elected to
the fiftieth congress, and was re-elected
to the fifty-first congress as a republican.
PULITZER, JOSEPH, soldier, lawyer;
journalist, state legislator, congressman,
was born April 10, 1847, in Hungary. He
was elected a representative in the Mis
souri legislature in 1869. In the spring of
1883 he bought the New York World, of
which he became the editor and sole pro
prietor. In 1884 he was elected a repre
sentative from New York to the forty-
ninth congress.
PULLE, WILLIAM ADAMS, lawyer,
jurist, was born Sept. 18, 1819, in Rich
mond county, N. C. He has been prose
cuting attorney, judge of the common
pleas, and secretary of the state of In
diana. He has been one of the foremost
lawyers of Indiana, and resides in Cen-
treville.
PULLEN, MRS. ELISABETH (JONES)
(CAVAZZA), author, was born in Maine.
She is a litterateur of Portland, Maine,
and the author of Don Finimondone:
Calabrian Sketches.
PULLMAN, GEORGE MORTIMER,
founder and president of the Pullman
Palace Car company, was born March 3,
1831, in Brockton, N.
Y. In 1859 he set
tled in Chicago dur
ing the period when
the whole city was
being lifted bodily to
a higher level, and
gained perhaps $20,-
000 by raising the
Mattison house and
various blocks of
buildings and the
level of certain
streets under con
tract. It was in 1859 that the attention
of Mr. Pullman was first drawn, by trav
eling in one between Buffalo and West-
field, to the uncomfortable sleeping cars
of that day, then consisting of ordinary
passenger cars with three rows of bunks
on each side. After conversations on the
subject with Hon. Benjamin Field of New
York state, Mr. Pullman became a partner
of Mr. Field in the operation of sleeping
cars on the Chicago and Alton and the
old Galena railroads.
PULLMAN, JAMES MINTON, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born Aug. 21,
1836, in Portland, N. Y. Since 1885 he
has been pastor of the First Universalist
church in Lynn, Mass., and he is presi
dent of the Associated Charities of that
city. He edited the Christian Leader
several years, and has published reviews
and lectures.
PULTE, JOSEPH HIPPOLYT, physi
cian, author, was born Oct. 6, 1811, in
Germany. He was a physician of Cleve
land, and the author of The Homeopathic
Domestic Physician; The Science of Med
icine; and The Woman's Medical Guide.
He died Feb. 24, 1884, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
PUMPELLY, MRS. MARY HOLLEN-
BACK (WELLES), poet, was born May 6,
1803, in Athens, Pa. She was a verse-
' writer whose religious historical poe'ms
were collected in a volume in 1852. She
died in 1879.
PUMPELLY, RAPHAEL, educator, ge
ologist, author, was born Sept. 8, 1837, in
Owego, N. Y. He is a geologist of note,
professor of mining engineering at Har
vard university from 1866, and the author
of Geological Researches in China; Across
America and Asia; and Notes of a Five-
Years' Journey Around the World.
PUNCHARD, GEORGE, journalist, cler
gyman, author, was born June 7, 1806, in
Salem, Mass. He was a Boston journalist,
for many years editor of The Traveller,
but who, prior to 1845, was a congrega
tional clergyman in New Hampshire. He
was the author of History of Congrega
tionalism from A. D. 250; and View of
Congregationalism. He died April 2, 1880,
in Boston, Mass.
PURGE, CHARLES LEE, clergyman,
educator, college president, was born July
4, 1856, in Charleston, S. C. He received
the rudiments of his
education in the pub
lic, private and high
schools of his native
city; attended the
Benedict college of
Columbia, S. C., the
Richmond Theologi
cal seminary, and
correspondence cour
ses in Greek and He
brew at Chicago, 111.
He has attained emi
nence as a baptist
clergyman, and has filled pastorates in
South Carolina, Alabama and Louisville,
Ky. For two years he filled the chair
of Greek and Latin in the Selma univer
sity, Ala.; and for eight years was its
president. He has been the general mis
sionary of the American Baptist Home
Mission society of New York for Alabama,
and is now the president of the State uni-
versily of Louisville, Ky.
PURCELL, JOHN BAPTIST, archbish
op, was born Feb. 26, 1800, in Ireland.
In 1828 he became president of St. Mary's
college of Emmettsburg, Md. In 1850 he
was made a Roman catholic archbishop
at Cleveland, Ohio. He died July 4, 1883,
in Brown county, Ohio.
PURDON, JOHN, lawyer, state legislat
or, was born in 1784 in Philadelphia, Pa.
He served in the Pennsylvania legislature,
and was active in public affairs. He pub
lished an Abridgement of the Laws of
Pennsylvania from 1700. He died Oct. 3,
1835, in Philadelphia, Pa.
PURDY, SMITH M., congressman, was
born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845.
PURDY, TRUMAN H., educator, lawyer,
legislator, poet, was born June 26, 1830, in
Wayne county, Pa. In his youth he taught
school, and for ten
years was a newspa
per editor. For two
terms he served with
distinction as a
member of the Penn
sylvania state legis
lature. He has at
tained success in the
practice of law at
Sunbury, Pa., deals
in real estate, and is
connected with sev
eral manufacturing
enterprises. He is the author of three
volumes of poems, entitled Doubter, Le
gends of the Susquehanna; and The Inn
at Orr; and has contributed extensively
to current literature.
PURIFOY, JOHN, jurist, legislator, was
born March 21, 1842, in Dallas county,
Ala. He served one term as probate judge
of Wilcox county, Ala.; in 1890 was elect
ed a member of the house of representa
tives; and in 1892 became state auditor
of Alabama.
PURINTON, DANIEL BOARDMAN, ed
ucator, college president, author, was born
Feb. 15, 1850, in Reno, Va. He received
a thorough education at George's Creek
academy, Pennsylvania, and the university
of West Virginia. He was instructor in
Latin and Greek during 1873-78 in the
West Virginia university; professor of
logic in 1878-80; professor of mathematics
during 1880-85; of metaphysics during
1885-89; and during 1881-89 was vice-presi
dent and acting president of that insti
tution. He has been councilman and
mayor of Morgantown, W. Va. Since
1890 he has been president of the Denison
university of Granville, Ohio. He is the
author of Christian Theism; and some
forty pieces of published sacred music,
including words.
PURMAN, WILLIAM J., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born April 11,
1840, in Centre county, Pa. He was a
member of the constitutional convention
of Florida in 1868, and soon after was
elected to the state senate. He was secre
tary of state in 1868; was judge of Jack
son county court in 1868; and was re-
elected in 1869. He was assessor of Unit
ed States internal revenue for Florida in
1870, and was chairman of the republican
state executive committee in 1872. He
was elected a representative from Florida
to the forty-third congress, and was re-
elected to the forty-fourth and forty-fifth
congresses as a republican.
PURPLE, EDWIN RUTHVEN, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born June 30, 1831, in
Sherburne, N. Y. In 1862 he discovered,
in connection with John White and five
others, the first gold in Montana, on Wil-
lard's creek, a tributary of Beaver Head
river. He contributed to the New York
Genealogical and Biographical Record,
and published a Genealogy, rie died Jan.
20, 1879, in New York city.
PURPLE, NORMAN HIGGINS, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born March 29, 1808, in
Exeter, N. ^ . In 1840-42 he was state's
attorney for the ninth judicial circuit of
Illinois, and from 1845 till 1848 he was
associate judge of the supreme court. He
published Statutes of Illinois Relating to
Real Estate; and A Compilation of the
Statutes of Illinois of a General Nature in
Force Jan. 1, 1856. These works were
adopted by the general assembly. He died
Aug. 9, 1863, in Chicago, 111.
PURPLE. SAMUEL SMITH, physician,
author, was born June 24, 1822, in Leba
non, N. Y. He is a physician of New York
city, and the author of The Corpus Lu-
teum; Menstruation; Contributions to the
Practice of Midwifery; and Observations
on Wounds of the Heart.
PURSE, DANIEL GUGEL, merchant,
capitalist, was born Nov. 14, 1839, in Sa
vannah, Ga. After teaching school for a
while, he entered commercial life in Sa
vannah. During the civil war he served
in the confederate army, and gained the
rank of captain of infantry attached to-
the engineer corps. Previous to 1885 he
was a prominent dealer in fertilizers and
coal, which enabled him to amass a large
fortune. Among his greatest achieve
ments are the development of Tybee Isl
and, almost a sand desert, into a popular
summer resort; the construction of the
Savannah and Tybee railroad over large
reaches of salt marsh, and the introduc
tion into Savannah of both artesian wells
and electric lights.
PURVES, GEORGE TYBOUT, educator,
clergyman, author, was born in 1852 in
Pennsylvania. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman, professor of New Testament liter
ature at Princeton college from 1892, and
the author of The Testimony of Justin
Martyr to Early Christianity.
PURVIANCE, SAMUEL A., lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 8, 1809, in
Butler, Pa. He was a representative from-
Pennsylvania in the thirty-fifth congress.
766
HBRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
PURVIANCE, SAMUEL D.( congress
man. He was a member of congress
from North Carolina, from 1803 to 1805.
PURVIS, ROBERT, abolitionist, was
born Aug. 4, 1810, in Charleston, S. C. In
1833 he was a member of the Philadelphia
convention, which formed the American
Anti-Slavery society; and was its vice-
president for many years. His house was
a well-known station on the underground
railroad, and his carriages were always
at the service of fugitive slaves.
PURYEAR, RICHARD C., soldier, mer
chant, state senator, congressman, was
born Feb. 9, 1801, in Mecklenburg, Va. He
moved to North Carolina, and was elected
a representative in the legislature of that
state. In 1840 he was elected to the state
senate, and in 1844, 1846, and 1852 was
again elected to the lower house of the
legislature. He was a representative in
congress from North Carolina from 1853
to 1857. He took part in the rebellion of
1861 as a member of the confederate con
gress.
PUSEY, CHARLES J., railroad presi
dent, was born April 14, 1837, in Chester
county, Pa. In 1892 he became president
of the St. Lawrence Railway company,
and in 1893 also became president of the
Brockville and New York Bridge com
pany of Canada.
PUSEY, WILLIAM H. M., banker, con
gressman, was born July 29, 1826, in
Washington county, Pa. He is a private
banker, was a member of the Iowa state
senate during 1858-62, and was elected to
the forty-eighth congress as a democrat.
PUTMAN, GEORGE I., journalist, au
thor, was born April 24, 1860, in Napa-
nock, N. Y.% He is the editor and owner
of The Advocate of Claremont, N. H., and
the author of two army novels entitled
In Blue Uniform; and On the Offensive.
PUTNAM, ALBIGENCE WALDO, law
yer, author, was born March 11, 1799, in
Marietta, Ohio. He was a lawyer of
Nashville, and the author of History of
Middle Tennessee; Life and Times of
General James Robertson; and Life of
General John Sevier. He died Jan. 20,
1869, in Nashville, Tenn.
PUTNAM, DOUGLAS, railroad presi
dent, was born Aug. 21, 1838, in Ohio.
Since 1890 he has been president of the
Ashland Coal and Iron railway.
PUTNAM, FREDERIC WARD, cura- .
tor, was born April 16, 1839, in Salem,
Mass., a direct descendant of John Put
nam, one of the earliest settlers of Salem.
He has for many years been professor of
archaeology and ethnology in the Har
vard university; curator of the Peabody
museum, and curator of anthropology in
the American Museum of Natural History
in New York city. During the past thir
ty-three years he has been engaged in
exploration and in directing the explora
tions of his students and assistants, in
North, Central and South America. He
is the author of over three hundred sci
entific papers. He received the degree of
master of arts from Williams college, and
the degree of doctor of science from the
university of Pennsylvania.
PUTNAM, GEORGE F., banker, legisla
tor, was born Nov. 6, 1841, in Croydon,
N. H. In 1867, 1870-72 he was a member
of the New Hampshire legislature, and in
1892 he became president of the Ameri
can National bank of Kansas City.
PUTNAM, GEORGE HAVEN, soldier,
journalist, author, was born April 2, 1844,
in London, England. He served as a sol
dier during the civil war, and was mus
tered out as brevet-major in 1865. He is
a member of the firm of G. P. Putnam's
Sons, the great book publishers of New
York city. He is the author of Authors
and Publishers; International Copyright;
and Authors and Their Public in Ancient
Times.
PUTNAM, GEORGE PALMER, journal
ist, author, was born Feb. 7, 1814, in
Brunswick, Maine. He was a well-known
publisher of New York city, the founder
of the present publishing house of G. P.
Putnam's Sons. He was the author of
The Tourist in Europe; American Facts;
and The World's Progress. He died Dec.
20, 1872, in New York city.
PUTNAM, GIDEON, founder, was born
in 1764, in Button, Mass. He moved to
Saratoga; and his first child was the first
white child born in that city. In 1802 he
built and conducted the first hotel, which
is now the Grand Union hotel. He be
came the founder of Saratoga Springs.,
where he died Dec. 1, 1812.
PUTNAM, HARVEY, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman. He was a leading
member of the bar of Genesee county, N.
Y. ; was several times a member of the
New York legislature; and was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1847 to 1851. He died Sept. 21, 1855,
in Attica, N. Y.
PUTNAM, HOLDEN ADELMORE, cler
gyman, was born Jan. 24, 1859, in Hinck-
ley, Ohio. He received his education in
the Hillsdale college and the Union The
ological seminary. He has been pastor of
the First Congregational churches of Tip-
ton, Ypsilanti, Sault Ste. Marie, and since
1893 has filled a pastorate in Hudson,
Mich.
PUTNAM, ISRAEL, soldier, was born
Jan. 7, 1718, -in Salem, Mass. He distin
guished himself during the French and
Indian war by his reckless courage, and
was particularly noted for his bravery at
the battle of Bunker Hill. He died May
19, 1790, in Brooklyn, Conn.
PUTNAM, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, was
born in 1725 in Danvers, Mass. On the
organization of the government of the
province of New Brunswick in 1783, he
was appointed a member of the royal
council and a judge of the superior court.
He died Oct. 23, 1789, in New Brunswick,
Maine.
PUTNAM, JAMES OSBORNE, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, author, was
born July 4, 1818, in' Attica, N. Y. He
represented the Buffalo district in the
state senate of New York in 1854 and 1855.
He was a presidential elector-at-large in
1860, and was United States consul at
Havre, France, from 1861-66. He was Uni
ted States minister to Belgium from 1860 to
July, 1862, and was the United States del
egate to the international property con
gress held in Paris, France, in 1880. He
wrote a volume of his Addresses and Mis
cellanies, which was published in 1880.
PUTNAM, MRS. KATHARINE HUNT
(PALMER), author, was born March 1,
1792, in Framingham, Mass. She was a
Boston writer, and the author of Scripture
Text Book; and The Old Testament Un
veiled. She died Jan. 8, 1869, in New
York city.
PUTNAM, MRS. MARY (LOWELL),
author, was born Dec. 3, 1810, in Boston,
Mass. She is a life-long resident of
Boston, and the author of Fifteen Days;
History of the Court of Hungary; Rec
ords of an Obscure Man; Tragedy of
Errors; and Tragedy of Success.
PUTNAM, RUFUS, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, was born April 9, 1738, in Button,
Mass. In 1783 he was made brigadier-
general; was aid to General Lincoln dur
ing Shay's rebellion; and in 1778 was su
perintendent of the Ohio company, and
founded Marietta, Ohio. In 1789 he was
judge of the supreme court of northwest
territory; in 1792 was brigadier-general of
Wayne's army; and in 1793, as United
States commissioner, concluded an im
portant treaty with eight tribes of In
dians at Vincennes, Ind. From 1793 to
1803 he was United States surveyor-gen
eral, and was a member of the constitu
tional convention of Ohio. He died May
1, 1824, in Marietta, Ohio.
PUTNAM, RUTH, author. She is the
author of Life of William the Silent.
PUTNAM, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born April 13, 1768, in
Danvers, Mass. He soon attained high
rank at the Essex county bar, and repre
sented that county in the state senate in
1808-14, and in the legislature in 1812.
From 1814 till 1842 he was judge of the
supreme court of Massachusetts. He died
July 3, 1853, in Somerville, Mass.
PUTNAM, MRS. SARAH A. BROCK,
author, was born in 1845 in Madison Court
House, Va. She is a writer of New York
city, and the author of Richmond During
the War; The Southern Amaranth; Ken
neth, My King; and Myra, a novel.
PUTNEY, FRANK H., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born in 1841 in Rockford, 111.
During the civil war he was a member of
the twelfth Wisconsin infantry. He has
served a term as county judge of Wau-
kesha county, and as postmaster of Wau-
kesha.
PYLE, HOWARD, artist, author, was
born March 5, 1853, in Wilmington, Del.
He is an artist and litterateur of Wil
mington, Del., and the author of The Mer-
rie Adventures of Robin Hood; Within
the Capes, a novel; Otto of the Silver
Hand; Twilight Land; The Garden Be
hind the Moon; Pepper and Salt, or Sea
soning for Young Folk; A Modern Alad
din; The Rose of Paradise; Men of Iron,
a romance of chivalry; and Jack Ballis-
ter's Fortunes.
PYNCHON, THOMAS RUGGLES, edu
cator, clergyman, college president, au
thor, was born in 1823 in Connecticut. He
is an episcopal clergyman and educator,
president of Trinity college in 1874-83,
and professor of chemistry there, and the
author of Bishop Butler: a Religious Phil
osopher for All Time; and Introduction to
Chemical Physics.
PYNCHON, WILLIAM, author, was
born in 1590 in England. He was
a noted colonist of New England who
founded the town of Springfield, Mass., In
1636. In 1652 he returned to England.
The Meritorious Price of Our Redemption,
first published in 1650, excited a storm
of controversy, and was publicly burned
on Boston Common as an heretical book.
It was reprinted in 1655 as The Meritori
ous Price of Man's Redemption, or Christ's
Satisfaction Discussed and Explained,
with a rejoinder to Rev. John Norton's
Answer; The Jewish Synagogue; How the
First Sabbath was Ordained; and The
Covenant of Nature made with Adam, tie
died in 1662.
QUACKENBOS, GEORGE PAYN, edu
cator, author, was born Sept. 4, 1826, in
New York city. He was an educator of
New York city, and the author of School
History of the United States; Natural
Philosophy; a series of English gram
mars; and An Advanced Course of Rhe
toric. He died July 24, IsSl, in Merri-
mack county, N. Y.
QUACKENBOS, JOHN DUNCAN, edu
cator, author, was born April 22, 1848,
in New York city. He was an adjunct
professor of English literature at Colum
bia college from 1884, and the author of
Illustrated History of the World; History
of the English Language; History of An
cient Literature; and Practical Rhetoric.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
767
QUACKENBUSH, JOHN A., merchant,
congressman, was born Oct. 15, 1828, in
Schaghticoke, N. Y. He was elected a
member of the New York assembly from
the second district of Rensselaer county
in the fall of 1862; and was elected sheriff
of Rensselaer county in the fall of 1873,
and served three years. He was elected to
the fifty-first and fifty-second congresses
as a republican.
QUACKENBUSH, NATHAN KICK, cler
gyman, was born April 4, 1837, in New
York city. He received the rudiments of
his education in the public schools of his
native city, and graduated from the St.
Lawrence university of Canton, N. Y. He
has attained success as one of the fore
most clergymen of the universalist
church; filled a pastorate for six years
in Benton Harbor, Mich., and since 1892
has filled a pastorate in Plain City, Ohio.
He contributes extensively to current lit
erature on religious and educational
topics.
QUACKENBUSH, STEPHEN PLATT,
naval officer, was born Jan. 23, 1823, in
Albany, N. Y. During the civil war he
attained the rank of commodore. He died
Feb. 4, 1890, in Washington, D. C.
QUALTROUGH, EDWARD F., naval
officer, author, was born in 1850 in New
York. He is a United States naval offi
cer who has published The Sailor's Handy
Book and Yachtsman's Manual; and The
Boat Sailor's Manual.
QUARLES, GREENFIELD, lawyer, leg
islator, was born April 1, 1847, in Chris
tian county, Ky. In 1879 and in 1881 he
was a member of the Arkansas house of
representatives; filled the same position
in 1895, and is now a member of the state
senate. In 1884-86 he was prosecuting at
torney of the first district of his state.
QUARLES, JAMES M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 8, 1823, in Louisa
county, Va. In 1846 he became attorney-
general of the tenth district of Tennessee;
and was a presidential elector in 1851. He
was elected a representative from Tennes
see to the thirty-sixth congress.
QUARLES, TUNSTALL, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Kentucky
from 1817 to 1820; and was subsequently
receiver of public moneys at Cape Girar-
deau, Mo.
QUARTER, WILLIAM, bishop, was
born Jan. 24, 1806, in Ireland. In 1844
he was consecrated first Roman catholic
bishop of Chicago, and completed the
Chicago cathedral from his own resources.
He died April 10, 1848, in Chicago, 111.
QUARTLEY, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
engraver, was bora July 5, 1808, in Eng
land. His best-known work is in Pictur
esque America; and Picturesque Europe.
He also painted with some success.
Among his pictures are Niagara Falls;
Butter-Milk Falls; and Catskill Falls.
He died April 5, 1874, in New York city.
QUAY, MATTHEW STANLEY, soldier,
United States senator, was born Sept. 30,
1833, in Dillsburg, Pa. He was military sec
retary to the governor of Pennsylvania in
1861-65, and was a member of the legislat
ure in 1865-67. He was secretary of the
commonwealth in 1871-78; was recorder of
the city of Philadelphia, and chairman
of the republican state committee in 1878-
79; was secretary of the commonwealth
in 1879-82, and was delegate-at-large to
the republican national conventions of
1872, 1876 and 1880. He was elected state
treasurer in 1885. He was elected to the
United States senate as a republican, and
was re-elected in 1893.
QUAYLE, ALBERT JOHNSON, lawyer,
was born Sept. 14, 1872, in Moberly, Mo.
He graduated from the State university
of Columbia, Mo., and has attained suc
cess as an able lawyer in the place of his
nativity, where he takes an active part
in public affairs.
QUAYLE, WILLIAM ALFRED, college
president, was born June 25, 1860, in Park-
ville, Mo. In 1890 he was elected presi
dent of the Baker university, Kan., which
position he still holds.
QUEEN, WALTER W., naval officer,
was born Oct. 6, 1824, in Washington, D.
C. He served with distinction through the
Mexican war, and during the civil war be
came a commander. He was commis
sioned captain in 1874; commodore in
1883; and rear-admiral in 1886.
QUICK, CHARLES WILLIAM, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 4, 1822, in
New York city. He edited The Epis
copal Recorder in 1866-81; The Chris
tian Woman in 1885, and the works of
Ezekiel Hopkins; Righteousness by Faith,
by Charles P. Mcllvaine, and the works
of John Owen.
QUIGG, LEMUEL E., journalist, con
gressman, was born Feb. 12, 1863, in Cecil
county, Md. He is by profession a jour
nalist; was a member of the editorial
staff of the New York Tribune for ten
years, and subsequently editor in chief 'of
the New York Press. He was elected to
the fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses,
and re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
QUILLIN, LEMUEL ABNER, merchant,
actor, was born June 12, 1849, in Syra
cuse, Ohio. For many years he was con
nected with a circus, and has traveled all
over the world several times. He is
now a successful merchant of North
Branch, Minn., and proprietor of Quil-
lin's Opera house. He is the author of a
volume of songs, and has contributed ex
tensively to periodical literature.
QUIMBY, ISAAC NEWTON, physician,
surgeon, was born Aug. 5, 1831, near
Basking Ridge, N. J. For many years he
was engaged in the flour and milling busi
ness at Somerville and Zanesville, Ohio.
In 1859 he graduated in medicine; and
during the war served as a volunteer sur
geon with General McClellan's forces. In
1866-68 he was a lecturer in the univer
sity Medical college of New York city.
He was the originator of Christ's hospital
in 1868, and was surgeon to the same
until 1873. He is also one of the at
tending surgeons of the city hospital
of Jersey City. He is the author of val
uable papers on medical subjects, and a
member of the leading medical bodies of
Europe and America.
QUIMBY, ISAIAH W., educator, lawyer,
legislator, was born May 5, 1837, near
Oakland, Ohio. He has served two terms
of two years each in the Ohio state leg
islature; and under the Harrison admin
istration was special examiner in pen
sion bureau, and in board of pension ap
peals.
QUIMBY, LUCY HILL, philanthropist,
educator, writer, was born Jan. 18, 1849,
in Rochester, N. Y. In 1864 she founded
the Misses Calvin's school in Rochester;
and in 1866 was married to Captain W.
M. Quimby, who died ten years later. For
the past twenty years she has been prin
cipal of the Nausemond seminary of Suf
folk, Va.; has introduced modern meth
ods and modern text books in the normal
schools of Virginia, and has contributed
extensively to educational literature.
QUIN, MINNIE, educator, poet, was
born in December, 1867, in Atlanta, Ga.
She is a successful educator in her na
tive city, and the author of a volume of
poems entitled May Blossoms.
QUINBY, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
clergyman, author, was born Dec. 20, 1810,
in Westbrook, Maine. He was a univer
salist clergyman in Maine and Ohio, and
the author of The Salvation of Christ;
Brief Exposition of Universalism; Mar
riage and Its Duties; The Gallows, the
Prison, and the Poor House; and Heaven
Our Home. He died Jan. 10, 1884, in
Augusta, Maine.
QUINBY, WILLIAM EMORY, journal
ist, was born Dec. 14, 1835, in Brewer,
Maine. In 1863 he was made managing
editor of the Detroit Free Press, and ir
1872 became its owner.
QUINCY, ABRAHAM HOWARD, mer
chant, journalist, author, was born Novem
ber, 1767, in Boston. In 1808 his interest
in the disputes with Great Britain led him
into the field of journalism, and that year
published the first number of a weekly
paper entitled the Columbian Detector.
In 1809 it was published twice a week.
It was afterward merged in the Boston
Patriot. From 1828 to 1832 he lived at
Eastport, Maine, where for a short time
he edited the Northern Light. He died
Sept. 11, 1840, in Washington, D. C.
QUINCY, EDMUND, statesman, was
born Oct. 24, 1681, in Quincy, Mass. He
was a statesman in the colonial times.
He was the ancestor of a very distin
guished line of Massachusetts statesmen.
He died Feb. 23, 1738, in London, England.
QUINCY, EDMUND, merchant, author,
was born in 1703 in Braintree, Mass. He
was a Boston merchant who wrote a
Treatise on Hemp Husbandry. He died
in 1788.
QUINCY, EDMUND, author, was born
Feb. 1, 1808, in Boston, Mass. He was a
Boston writer whose literary fame was
hardly proportioned to his deserts; and
the author of Wensley, and Other Sto
ries; The Haunted Adjutant, and Other
Stories; and Life of President Josiah
Quincy. He died May 17, 1877, in De3-
ham, Mass.
QUINCY, JOSIAH, patriot, was born in
1709, in Braintree, Mass. In 1775 he was
one of the commissioners to treat with
New York as to military defences against
the French. He died in 1784.
QUINCY JOSIAH, lawyer, author, was
born Feb. 23, 1744, in Boston, Mass. He
was a famous Boston lawyer and patriot,
and very prominent at the opening of the
revolutionary period. He was the author
of Observations on the Boston Port Bill.
He died at sea April 26, 1775, near Glou
cester, Mass.
QUINCY, JOSIAH, lawyer, jurist, col
lege president, state senator, congress
man, was born Feb. 4, 1772, in Boston,
Mass. In 1804 he was chosen a represent
ative from Massachusetts in the congress
of the United States, and held that posi
tion eight successive years. He was cho
sen state senator for Suffolk from 1814
to 1821, was a representative from
Boston, and was speaker of the house in
1820. He was judge of the municipal
court in Boston in 1821 and 1822. He was
mayor of Boston in 1823, and held the
office of mayor six successive years. In
1829 he was chosen president of Harvard
university, and -held that office until his
resignation in 1845. His published works
are Speeches in Congress, and Orations
on Various Occasions; Memoir of Josiah
Quincy, Jr., of Massachusetts; Centen
nial Address on the Two Hundredth An
niversary of the Settlement of Boston;
A History of Harvard University from
1636 to 1836; Memoir of James Grahame,
Historian of the United States Army;
Memoir of Major Samuel Shaw; History
of the Boston Athenaeum; and other
works. He died July 1, 1864, in Quincy,
Mass.
768
HKHR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
QUINCY, JOSIAH, state senator, au
thor, was born Jan. 17, 1802, in Boston,
Mass. He was the fourth mayor of Bos
ton in 1845-49; and was a member of the
Massachusetts senate. He was the au
thor of a work entitled Figures of the
Past. He died Nov. 2, 1882, in Quincy,
Mass.
QUINCY, JOSIAH PHILLIPS, littera
teur, author, was born Nov. 28, 1829, In
Boston, Mass. He is a litterateur of Bos
ton, and the author of Charicles, a drama;
Lyteria, a drama; The Peckster Profes
sorship, a Story; and The Protection of
Majorities, and Other Papers.
QUINCY, SAMUEL MILLER, soldier,
lawyer, author, was born in 1833 in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a Boston lawyer who
served in the federal army during the
civil war, and the author of The Man
Who Was Not a Colonel; and A Prisoner's
Diary. He died in 1887.
QUINLAN, JOHN, bishop, college presi
dent, was born Oct. 19, 1826, in Ireland.
He was nominated for the diocese of Mo
bile, and he was consecrated bishop in
1859. He died March 9, 1883, in New Or
leans, La.
QUINN, JOHN, lawyer, banker, state
legislator, congressman, was born Aug.
9, 1839, in Ireland. He is president of the
West Side Electric
Light and Power
company, and a di
rector in the Home
stead bank of New
York, being one of
the founders of the
bank. He was elect
ed to the legislature
in 1882, and was a
member of the board
of aldermen for the
years 1885-87; was a
delegate to the dem
ocratic national convention at Chicago
in 1884, and to St. Louis in 1888. He was
elected to the fifty-first congress as a
democrat. He is now commissioner of
appraisal for the taking of lands for water
reservoir purposes for the city of New
York, of which commission he is chair
man.
QUINN, TERENCE J., state legislator,
congressman, was born Oct. 16, 1836, in
Albany, N. Y. we was a representative in
the state legislature in 1874, and was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-fifth congress. He died June
18, 1878.
QUINNEY, WILLIAM RUTHERFORD,
lawyer, legislator, was born Aug. 28, 1861,
in Union county, Ark. In 1888 he was
elected to the house of representatives of
Arkansas; received the re-election two
years later; and in 1892 became a member
of the state senate.
QUINT, ALONZO HALL, clergyman,
author, was born March 22, 1828, in
Barnstead, N. H. He was a prominent
congregational clergyman of Boston, and
the author of The Potomac and the Rapi-
dan, or Army Notes; and Records of the
Second Massachusetts Infantry, 1861-65.
QUINTARD, CHARLES TODD, bishop
of Tennessee, was born Dec. 22, 1824, in
Stamford, Conn. At the beginning of the
civil war he was elected chaplain of the
first Tennessee regiment, and he served
throughout the war, being frequently
called upon to exercise his medical knowl
edge as physician and surgeon. The uni
versity of the South was entirely swept
away by the war, nothing being left but
its landed estate of 10,000 acres. Bishop
Quintard re-established the university on
a sound financial basis, and was its first
vice-chancellor.
QUINTARD, GEORGE WILLIAM,
manufacturer, president and director of
corporations, was born April 22, 1822, in
Stamford, Conn. In
1867 he sold the Mor
gan Iron works in
order to devote his
own attention to the
New York and
Charleston Steam
ship company, of
which he had be
come president and
part proprietor. He
managed the com
pany well, but did
not find in its opera
tions sufficient scope for his overflowing
energy. In 1869, accordingly, he estab
lished the Quintard Iron works, occupy
ing a site at 742 East Twelfth street, ex
tending through to East Eleventh street,
on the East river, a few blocks above
the Morgan Iron works. Here he re
sumed the construction of marine en
gines and machinery, and in a short time
developed the plant into an extensive es
tablishment, making it in time one of the
most prominent in the United States.
QUINTON, AMELIA STONE, president
of the Women's National Indian associa
tion, is a lineal descendant of Governor
Bradford of the May
flower, and was born
near Syracuse, N. Y.
For many years she
was engaged in edu
cational work, at
first among prisons,
reformatories and
asylums in New
York; but in 1874
she entered the Wo
men's Christian Tem
perance union, and
was soon elected
New York state organizer. In 1877 Miss
Stone went to Europe and there addressed
many readings in London and elsewhere;
and the following year was married to
Richard L. Quinton, A. M., an eminent
lecturer, and they settled in Philadelphia
in the spring of 1889. She organized the
Women's National Indian association,
which led to the passage of the Dawes
severally bill, which in 1887 gained for the
Indians the right of holding lands in sev
erally.
QUITMAN, FREDERICK HENRY, cler- '
gyman, author, was born Aug. 7, 1760, in
Westphalia. He was a lutheran clergy
man of Rhinebeck, N. Y., and the author
of Treatise on Magic; and Sermons on
the Reformation. He died June 26, 1832,
in Rhinebeck, N. Y.
QUITMAN, JOHN ANTHONY, soldier,
educator, lawyer, state legislator, con
gressman, was born Sept. 1, 1799, in
Rhinebeck, N. Y. He was professor of law
in Mount Airy college, Pennsylvania. In
1820 he moved to Ohio, and in 1821 moved
to Natchez, Miss. In 1827 he was elected
a representative in the state legislature;
in 1828 was appointed chancellor of the
state, serving three years; and served as
a delegate to a state constitutional con
vention. ' In 1835 he was elected to the
state senate, and, as president of that
body, was called upon to perform the
duties of governor. In 1836 he distin
guished himself as a soldier and leader In
behalf of Texas against Mexico. He was
judge of the high court of errors and ap
peals of Mississippi; served with distinc
tion in the Mexican war, and was for a
time the American governor of Mexico,
and became a major-general in the army.
He was a presidential elector in 1848,
and was governor of Mississippi in 1850.
In 1855 he was elected a representative
in congress from Mississippi, and was re-
elected in 1857. He died July 17, 1858, in
Natchez, Miss.
RABURN, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurjst,
state senator, governor, was born April
8, 1771, in Halifax county, N. C. He was
a judge of the inferior court, was a mem
ber of the assembly; was a state senator;
and was governor of Georgia from 1817
to 1819. He died Oct. 23, 1819, in Han
cock county, Ga.
RADEMACHER, JOSEPH, Roman cath
olic bishop, was born Dec. 3, 1840, in West
phalia, Mich. He was nominated to the
see of Nashville and was consecrated bish
op in 1883.
RADER, CARY MELVIN, lawyer, poli
tician, was born July 27, 1868, in Carroll
county, Ind. He received a thorough ed
ucation, and in 1891 graduated from the
law department of the Central Normal
college of Danville, Ind. The following
year he located in Walla Walla, Wash.;
has been city attorney and filled various
other public positions of trust.
RADER, LEWIS ELLSWORTH, -jour
nalist, legislator, was born March 16, 1864,
in Hazel Dell, 111. In 1894 he was elected
a member of the Washington legislature
from Pierce county, and in 1896 he re
ceived the re-election. He is a successful
journalist, poet, and for several years
was editor of the Walla Walla Daily
Statesman.
RADKORD, WILLIAM, naval officer,
was born March 1, 1808, in Fincastle, Va.
He was appointed rear-admiral in 1866;
commanded the European squadron in
1869-70, and was retired in March, 1870.
He died Jan. 8, 1890, in Washington, D. C.
RADFORD, WILLIAM, merchant, con
gressman, was born June 24, 1814, in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1862 he was elect
ed a representative from New York (o
the thirty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-ninth congress. He
died Jan. 18, 1870, in Yonkers, N. Y.
RAE, LUZERNE, educator, was born
Dec. 22, 1811, in New Haven, Conn. In
1831 he became instructor of the deaf and
dumb in the Hartford asylum, which of
fice he held until his death. He was ed
itor of the Religious Herald from 1843
till 1847, and of the American Annals of
the Deaf and Dumb from 1848 till 1854;
and published anonymously numerous
poems, which were collected and printed
privately under the title of Text and Con
text. He died Sept. 16, 1854, in Hartford,
Conn.
RAFF, GEORGE WERTZ, banker, au
thor, was born March t4, 1825, in Tuscara-
was, Ohio. He was a savings bank presi
dent of Canton, Ohio, and the author of
Guide to Executors and Administrators
in Ohio; Manual of Pensions; The Law
Relating to Roads in Ohio; and War
Claimant's Guide. He died April 14, 1888,
in Canton, Ohio.
RAFFERTY, WILLIAM, college presi
dent, was born hi Ireland. In 1824 he
was elected president of St. John's college,
Annapolis, Md., which position he re
signed in 1831.
RAFINESQUE, CONSTANTINE
SMALTZ, botanist, author, was born in
1784 in Turkey. He was an eccentric nat
uralist and botanist of French parentage
who, after years of travel, settled in
Philadelphia. Among his many works are
Medical Flora of the United States; A
Life of Travel and Researches; An
nals of Kentucky; and Recent and Fos
sil Conchology. He died Sept. 18, 1842, In
Philadelphia, Pa.
HERRINGSHA.WS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHi".
769
RAGAN, WILLIS EUGENE, merchant,
was born Jan. 12, 1852, in Albany, N. Y.
In 1878 he became a member of one of
the largest wholesale dry goods houses
In the south, and is president of the
Southern Railway Equipment company.
RAGLAND, CHARLES A., lawyer, was
born Aug. 2, 1844, in Halifax county, Va.
He has attained prominence as an able
lawyer of Stockton, Mo.; has been city
attorney, justice of the peace, mayor of
his city, and takes an active part in
the public affairs of his city, county and
state.
RAGLAND, H. CLAY, soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born May 7, 1844, in Gooch-
land county, Va. In 1887 he established
the Logan Banner, of which he is still
editor and owner. During 1887-88 he
was a member of the West Virginia state
legislature.
RAGOZIN, MADAME ZENAIDE AL-
EXEIEVNA, author, was born about 1835
in Russia. She is a Russian historical wri
ter, naturalized in the United States in
1874, and the author of The Story of
Chaldea; The Story of Assyria; The Story
of Media and Babylon; and The Story of
Vedic India.
RAGUET, CONDY, lawyer, state sena
tor, author, was born Jan. 28, 1784, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1815 he was a mem
ber of the Pennsylvania assembly, and af
terward of the state senate. He was ed
itor of several journals; and the author of
The Principles of Free Trade; A Treatise
on Currency and Banking; and other
works. He died March 22, 1842, in Phil
adelphia, Pa.
RAINES, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born May 6,
1840, in Canandaigua, N. Y. He was a
member of the assembly of the state of
New York in 1881, 1882 and 1885, and was
state senator in 1886-89. He was elected
to the fifty-first and re-elected to the
fifty-second congresses as a republican.
RAINEY, JOSEPH H., state senator,
congressman, was born June 21, 1832, in
Georgetown, S. C. He was elected a del
egate to the state constitutional conven
tion of 1868, and was a member of the
state senate of South Carolina in 1870.
He was elected a representative from
South Carolina to the forty-first, forty-
second, forty-third, forty-fourth and for
ty-fifth congresses as a republican. He
died Aug. 1, 1887, in Georgetown, S. C.
RAINS, GABRIEL JAMES, soldier, was
born in June, 1803, in Craven county, N.
C. He served with distinction in the Mex
ican war, and attained the rank of briga
dier-general in 1855. In 1861 he joined
the confederate army, and died Sept. 6,
1881, in Aiken, S. C.
RAINS, GEORGE WASHINGTON, sol
dier, educator, author, was born in 1817
in Graven county, N. C. He is a confed
erate army officer, and professor of chem
istry at the university of Georgia from
1867. He is the author of Steam Portable
Engines; Rudimentary Course of Ana
lytical and Applied Chemistry; and Che
mical Qualitative Analysis.
RAINSFORD, WILLIAM STEPHEN,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 30, 1850,
in Ireland. He is a prominent episcopal
clergyman of New York city, rector of
St. George's church from 1883, and an
active worker in philanthropic and other
reforms. He is the author of Sermons
Preached in St. George's; and The
Church's Opportunity in the City of To-
Day.
RALPH, JULIAN, journalist, author,
was born in 1853 in New York. He is a
popular journalist and litterateur, and the
author of On Canada's Frontier; Dixie;
49
Our Great West; Chicago and the World's
Fair; People We Pass; and Alone in
China, and Other Stories.
RALSTON, ROBERT, merchant, was
born in 1761, in Brandywine, Pa. He con
tributed largely to the establishment of
the Widows' and Orphans' asylum, and
the Mariner's church in Philadelphia,
founded the Philadelphia Biole society,
which was the first of the kind on this
continent, and in 1819 became first presi
dent of the board of education of the
Presbyterian church. He died Aug. 11,
1836, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RALSTON, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1756 in Ireland. He was
a presbyterian clergyman in what is now
Monongahela City, Pa., from 1796 till his
death, and the author of On Baptism;
The Last Plagues; and The Currycomb.
He died Sept. 25, 1851, in Carroll, Pa.
RALSTON, THOMAS NEELY, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born March
21, 1806, in Bourbon county, Ky. He is
a methodist clergyman and religious ed
itor of Kentucky, and the author of Ele
ments of Divinity; Evidences of Chris
tianity; Ecce Unitas; and Bible Truths.
RAMBAUT, MR£. MARY LUCINDA
BONNE Y, educator, was born June 8,
1816, in Hamilton, N. Y. She is a success
ful educator of Hamilton, N. Y.
RAMSAY, DAVID, physician, congress
man, author, was born April 2, 1749, in
Lancaster, Pa. He was a physician of
Charleston, eminent among early Ameri
can historians. He served in the Caro
lina legislature throughout the revolu
tionary war, and was also in the army as
a surgeon. He was a delegate to congress
in 1782 and 1786. He was the author of
History of the American Revolution; His
tory of the United States; Life of Wash
ington; and History of South Carolina.
He died May 8, 1815, in Charleston, S. C.
RAMSAY, NATHANIEL, soldier, con
gressman, was born May 1, 1751, in Lan
caster county, Pa. He was a delegate
from Maryland to the continental con
gress from 1785 to 1787. He died Oct. 23,
1817, in Baltimore, Ind.
RAMSAY, ROBERT, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1833 to 1835, and again from 1841
to 1843.
RAMSAY, MRS. VIENNA G (MOR-
RELL), author, was born in 1817 in
Maine. She is the author of Facts on
Missions; Evenings with the Children;
and A Legend of the White Hills, and
Other Poems.
RAMSEUR, STEPHEN DODSON, sol
dier, was born May 31, 1837, in Lincoln-
ton, N. C. In 1861 he entered the con
federate service as captain of the light
artillery. He attained the rank of major-
general. He died Oct. 20, 1864, in Win
chester, Va.
RAMS.t,i, ALEXANDER, congressman,
governor, United States senator, was born
Sept. 8, 1815, in Harrisburg, Pa. He was
a representative in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1843 to 1847. In 1849 he
was appointed the first territorial gov
ernor of Minnesota. In 1855 he was
mayor of the city of St. Paul, Minn.; and
was elected governor of the state of Min
nesota in 1858, and served until 1862. In
1863 he was elected a senator in congress
from Minnesota, for the term ending in
1869, and was re-elected for the term end
ing in 1875.
RAMSEY, GEORGE JUNKIN, educator,
college president, was born June 28, 1858,
In Rockbridge, Va. He has been pro
fessor of Latin and Greek in the Ogden
conege of Bowling Green, Ky. ; and since
1884 has been president of the Silliman
institute of Clinton, La. Since 1897 he
has been president of the Southern Edu
cational association.
RAMSEY, WILLIAM, surveyor, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 7, 1779, in
Sterrett's Gap, Pa. In 1803 he was ap
pointed surveyor of his native county, an
office held by his father during the revo
lution; and also held the offices of pro-
thonotary, register, recorder, and clerk
of the orphans' court. In 1826 he was
elected a member of congress from Penn
sylvania; and was re-elected in 1828 and
1830. He died in September, 1831, in Car
lisle, Pa.
RAMSEY, WILLIAM S., lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 12, 1810, in Car
lisle, Pa. He was elected a representative
in congress in 1838; and was re-elected in
1840. He died Oct. 17, 1840, in Baltimore,
Md.
RAND, ASA, clergyman, author, was
born Aug. 6, 1783, in Rindge, N. H. He
was a congregational clergyman in Maine
and New York prominent as an opponent
of slavery; and the author of Teachers'
Manual in English Grammar; and The
Slave-Catcher Caught in the Meshes of
Eternal Law. He died Aug. 24, 1871, in
Ashburnham, Mass.
RAND, BENJAMIN, educator, author,
was born Feb. 16, 1792, in Charlestown,
Mass. He is an instructor in philosophy
at Harvard university; and the author of
Economic History Since 1763; A Bibliog
raphy of Economics; and also bibliog
raphies of aesthetics, ethics, psychology,
metaphysics, logic, history of philosophy,
and philosophy of religion.
RAND, BENJAMIN HOWARD, educat
or, author, was born Feb. 16, 1792, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a Philadel
phia teacher of penmanship who pub
lished The American Penman and similar
works. He died June 9, 1862, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
RAND, BENJAMIN HOWARD, physi
cian, author, was born Oct. 1, 1827, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a physician of
Philadelphia; and the author of Outlines
of Medical Chemistry; and Elements of
Medical Chemistry. He died Feb. 14, 1883,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
RAND, EDWARD AUGUSTUS, clergy
man, author, was born in April, 1837, in
Portsmouth, N. H. He is an episcopal
clergyman, rector at Watertown, Mass.,
from 1883; and the author of Christmas
Jack; Behind Manhattan Gables; School
and Camp Series; Sailor Boy Bob; Push
ing Ahead; and Fighting the Sea Series.
RAND, EDWARD DEAN, lawyer, jur
ist, poet, was born Dec. 26, 1821, in Bath,
N. H. In 1874 he was made judge of the
circuit court. He is a poet of note and a
lawyer of ability.
RAND, EDWARD SPRAGUE, horticult
urist, author, was born Oct. 20, 1834, in
Boston, Mass. He was formerly a flori
culturist of Dedham, Mass.; and the au
thor of Garden Flowers; Complete Man
ual of Orchid-Culture; Popular Flowers;
Rhododendrons; Flowers for the Parlor
and Garden; The Window Gardener; and
Life Memoirs and Other Poems.
RAND, ISAAC, physician, author, was
born April 27, 1743, in Charlestown, Mass.
From 1798 till 1804 he was president of the
Massachusetts Medical society, and he was
also a corresponding member of the Lon
don Medical society. He published papers
on Hydrocephalus Internus; Yellow
Fever; and on The Use of Warm Bath
and Digitalis in Pulmonary Consumption.
He died Dec. 11, 1822, in Boston, Mass.
770
HERRINOSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RAND, JASPER, lawyer, legislator,
was born in March, 1829, in Charlestown,
Mass. In 1849 he sailed around the Horn
to California, where he engaged in min
ing successfully. In 1862 he moved to
Idaho; thence two years later to Mis-
soula, Mont., where he served two terms
as a member of the territorial council.
Since that time he has been engaged in
the practice of law at Lewiston, Idaho;
and has been mayor of that city.
RAND, MRS. MARY FRANCES [AB
BOTT], author, was born in 1840 in
Maine. She is the author of Holly and
Mistletoe; and Home-Spun Yarns for
Christmas Stockings.
RAND, THEODORE DEHON, mineral
ogist, lawyer, author, was born Sept. 16,
1836, in Philadelphia, Pa. He early tyrned
his attention to natural science, especial
ly to mineralogy, and his cabinet of speci
mens ranks as one of the best private col
lections in the United States, containing
very nearly a complete set of the rocks
and minerals of Philadelphia and its vi
cinity. He is the author of several min-
eralogical and geological works.
RAND, WILLIAM WILBERFORCE,
was born Dec. 8, 1816, in Gorham, Maine.
He was pastor of the Reformed Dutch
church of Canastota, N. Y., from 1841 till
1845; editor for the American Tract so
ciety, New York city, in 1848-72, and has
since been its publishing secretary. He
is the author of Songs of Zion; Diction
ary of the Bible for General Use; and
other smaller books.
RANDALL, ALEXANDER, congress
man, was born in Maryland. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1841 to 1843.
RANDALL, ALEXANDER WILLIAMS,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, governor,
was born Oct. 31, 1819, in Ames, N. Y.
He was appointed postmaster of Wauke-
sha, Wis.; and in 1854 was elected to the
state legislature. In 1856 he was appoint
ed judge of the second judicial district of
the state; and in 1857 and 1859 was elect
ed governor of Wisconsin. At the close
of the war he was appointed assistant
postmaster-general. In 1866 he entered
President Johnson's cabinet as postmas
ter-general. He died July 25, 1872, in El-
mira, N. Y.
RANDALL, ARCHIBALD, lawyer, jur
ist, was born in 1818 in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1834 he was appointed judge of the
court of common pleas at Philadelphia,
Pa.; and in 1842 was appointed judge of
the United States district court for the
eastern district of Pennsylvania. In 1844
he presided over both the district and
circuit courts. His decisions in bank
ruptcy are in the Pennsylvania Law Jour
nal from 1842 to 1846. He died May 30,
1846, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RANDALL, BENJAMIN, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Oct. 14,
1857, in Bath, Maine. He was a member
of the state senate in 1833; and was a
representative in congress from Maine
from 1839 to 1843. He was appointed col
lector of the port of Bath, Maine.
RANDALL, CHARLES S., merchant,
state senator, congressman, was born Feb.
20, 1824, in New Bedford, Mass. He re
tired from mercantile business in 1872;
was for three years a member of the Mas
sachusetts republican state committee;
and represented the third Massachusetts
senatorial district in the state senate in
1883 and 1884. He was elected to the fifty-
first and fifty-second congresses and re-
elected to the fifty-third congress as a
republican.
RANDALL, DAVID AUSTIN, clergy
man, journalist, author, was born Jan. 14,
1813, in Colchester, Conn. He was a bap
tist clergyman and religious editor of
Ohio; and the author of God's Hand
writing in Egypt; and The Wonderful
Tent, or the Mosaic Tabernacle. He died
June 27, 1884, in Columbus, Ohio.
RANDALL, EMILIUS OVIATT, lawyer,
lecturer, writer, was born Oct. 28, 1850,
in Richfield, Ohio. He graduated from
Cornell university; and from the college
of law of the Ohio state university. He
has been a reporter of the supreme court
of Ohio; secretary of the Ohio State His
torical society; and professor of com
mercial law in the Ohio state university.
He is a successful publie lecturer on art,
history and literature; a writer of note;
and the editor of Decision of the Su
preme Court of Ohio. He is also presi
dent of the Columbus board of trade.
RANDALL, HENRY STEPHENS, edu
cator, author, was born in 1811 in Madi
son county, N. Y. He was a prominent
advocate of public instruction 'in New
York state; and the author of Sheep
Husbandry; Fine Wool Sheep Husband
ry; Practical Shepherd; and Life of
Thomas Jefferson. He died Aug. 14, 1876,
in Cortland, N. Y.
RANDALL, JAMES RYDER, author,
was born Jan. 1, 1839, in Baltimore, Md.
He is a journalist of Augusta, Ga., and
elsewhere in the south, who has written
a number of spirited lyrics, the best
known of which is the famous song, Mary
land, My Maryland.
RANDALL, JOHN WITT, poet, was
born Nov 6, 1813, in Boston, Mass. He
has been largely occupied with the culti
vation of an ancestral country-seat in
Stow, Mass., and has accumulated one of
the rarest and most original collections
of engravings in the United States. Be
sides doing other literary work, he has
written six volumes of poems, of which
only one has been published, Consolations
of Solitude.
RANDALL, PERRY A., lawyer, busi
ness man, was born July 24, 1847, in Avil-
la, Ind. In 1867 he graduated from the
Fort Wayne high
school; from the
university of Michi
gan in 1871, and
from the law de-
4t~. I partment of the
* same institution in
1873. The same year
he began the practice
of law in Fort
Wayne, Ind., where
he has since at
tained success as one
of the foremost law
yers of that state. He was one of the
founders of the Fort Wayne Electric com
pany, and its vice-president since 1882.
He is vice-president of the Fort Wayne
Furniture company, also of the Indiana
Machine works; and is financially in
terested in numerous other business en
terprises.
RANDALL, SAMUEL JACKSON, mer
chant, state senator, congressman, was
born Oct. 10, 1828, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He served one term in the state senate of
Pennsylvania. In 1862 he was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
thirty-eighth congress; and was re-elect
ed to the thirty-ninth, fortieth, forty-first,
forty-second, forty-third, forty-fourth,
forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, forty-ninth and fiftieth con
gresses as a democrat. He was speaker
of the house during the forty-fourth,
forty-fifth and forty-sixth congresses. He
died April 12, 1890, in Washington, D. C.
RANDALL, SAMUEL SIDWELL, edu
cator, author, was born May 27, 1809, in
Norwich, N. Y. He was a superintendent
of public schools in New York city in
1854-70; and the author of History of the
State of New York; Mental and Moral
Culture; Principles of Popular Education;
and Incitements to the Study of Geology.
He died June 3, 1881, in New York city.
RANDALL, T., lawyer, jurist, was a na
tive of Maryland. He removed to Talla
hassee, Fla. ; and was appointed United
States judge for the territory of Florida,
holding the position until 1832.
RANDALL, WILLIAM H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Kentucky. He was
elected a representative from Kentucky
to the thirty-eighth congress; and was
re-elected to the thirty-ninth congress.
RANDLE, FREDERICK ALANSON,
lawyer, historical novelist, was born Jan.
21, 1854, in Bunker Hill, 111. He attended
the McKendree college; and has attained
success as an able lawyer of his native
state at Hillsboro. He is the author of
several historical novels; and has con
tributed extensively to periodical litera
ture.
RANDOLPH, ALFRED MAGILL, bish
op of southern Virginia, was born Aug. 31,
1836, in Winchester, Va. In 1894 the dio
cese of Virginia was divided, and Dr. Ran
dolph chose the new see of southern Vir
ginia.
RANDOLPH, ANSON DAVIES FITZ,
journalist, author, was born in 1820 in
New Jersey. He was a publisher and re
ligious verse-writer of New York city;
and the author of Hopefully Waiting;
Verses; At the Beautiful Gate; The Pal
ace of the King; and Unto the Desired
Haven. He died in 1896.
RANDOLPH, BEVERLY, state legislat
or, governor, was born in 1754. He was
a member of the Virginia assembly dur
ing the revolution; and was governor of
Virginia during 1788-91. He died in
February, 1797, in Cumberland, Va.
RANDOLPH, DAVID B. F., clergyman,
was born Jan. 23, 1848, in Newark, N. J.
In 1871 he graduated from the Drew The
ological seminary with the degree of B. D.
The same year he joined the Newark an
nual conference of the methodist episcopal
church, and has filled pastorates in Ho-
boken, Newark, Hackettstown, West New
Brighton, and is now pastor of the Trin
ity church of Jersey City.
RANDOLPH, EDMUND, congressman,
governor, was born in Virginia. He was a
delegate to the continental congress from
Virginia from 1779 to 1783; and in 1788
was a member of the convention which
framed the constitution of the United
States, but voted against its adoption. In
1788 he was governor of Virginia. In 1789
he was attorney-general of the United
States; and in 1794 was secretary of state
of the United States. He died Sept. 13,
1813.
RANDOLPH, EDMUND, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born June 9, 1820, In
Richmond, Va. He was for several years
clerk of the United States circuit court for
Louisiana, but in 1849 he removed to
California. He was an active member of
the legislature that met at San Jos6 in
1849 to organize a state government. He
died Sept. 8, 1861, in San Francisco, Cal.
RANDOLPH, JACOB, physician, sur
geon, author, was born Nov. 25, 1796, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He had acquired a
wide reputation as a surgeon, and in 1831
introduced in the United States the oper
ation of lithotripsy. He published several
reports of successful operations. He died
April 12, 1836, in Philadelphia, Pa.
HEBRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
771
RANDOLPH, JAMES PITZ, journalist,
banker, state legislator, congressman,
was born June 26, 1791, in Middlesex
county, N. J. He became editor of the
Fredonian, a weekly newspaper, in 1812,
and continued in that capacity for thirty
years. He was appointed collector of in
ternal revenue of the United States in
1815, and held that office until the close
of the war in Texas. He was subsequently
clerk of the court of common pleas for his
native county; and was for two years a
member of the state legislature. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1828 to 1833; and was after
wards president of a bank in New Bruns
wick for ten years. He died March 19,
1871, in Jersey City, N. J.
RANDOLPH, JAMES HENRY, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born Oct. 19, 1825, in Jefferson county,
Tenn. He was a representative in the
Tennessee state legislature in 1857-61; and
was a state senator in 1865. He was
elected judge of the second judicial circuit
of the state in 1869, and re-elected in
1870. He was" elected a representative
fiom Tennessee to the forty-fifth congress.
RANDOLPH, JOHN, lawyer, was born
in 1727 in Williamsburg, Va. He was a
noted lawyer of his time; and for several
years was king's attorney under Governor
Fauquier. He died Jan. 31, 1784.
RANDOLPH. JOHN, of Roanoke, states
man, was born June 2, 1773, in Chester
field, Va. He was elected from Virginia
a representative in
congress in 1799, and
continued a member
of the house of rep
resentatives, with the
exception of two in-
ter\als of two years
each, until 1823. In
that year he was a
member of the con
vention to revise the
constitution of Vir
ginia, and was after-
wards appointed
minister plenipotentiary to Russia in 1830.
During 1825 to 1827 he was a senator of
the United States. He had a quarrel with
Henry Clay which resulted in a duel, when
he allowed himself to be shot at and then
threw away his fire. He died June 24,
1S33, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RANDOLPH, JOHN S., stock-raiser, leg
islator, jurist, was born June 15, 1832, in
McLean county, 111. He attended the Wes-
leyan university of Bloomington, 111., and
subsequently moved to Idaho, where he is
a successful farmer and stock-raiser of
Latah county. He has been justice of the
peace and probate judge; and was elected
to the legislature of Idaho in 1895, and re
ceived the re-election in 1897. He has
taken an active part in legislative mat
ters, and has served on many important
committees.
RANDOLPH, JOSEPH, PITZ, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born in 1803 in
New Jersey. He settled at Monmouth
Court House, N. J., and was appointed
state's attorney for the county. He was a
representative in congress from 1837 to
1843. In 1844 he was a member of the con
vention which framed the state constitu
tion. In 1845 he was appointed a judge
of the supreme court of New Jersey for
a term of seven years. He was a member
of the peace congress of 1861.
RANDOLPH, PETER, lawyer, jurist,
was born in Maryland. He moved to
Mississippi, and was appointed a judge
or the United States court for the district
of Mississippi.
RANDOLPH, PEYTON, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1721
in Williamsburg, Va. In 1756 he was ap
pointed king's attorney for the colony of
Virginia, and held the office for many
years. In 1766 he was elected speaker of
the house of burgesses; and in 1773 was
a member of the committee on correspon
dence. He was a delegate to the continen
tal congress from 1774 to 1775, and was
the first president of that body. He died
Oct. 22, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RANDOLPH, SARAH NICHOLAS, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 12, 1839. in
Edge Hill, Va. She is an educator of
Baltimore; and the author of The Do
mestic Life of Thomas Jefferson; The
Lord Will Provide; and The Life of Stone
wall Jackson.
RANDOLPH, THEODORE FRELING-
HUYSEN, state legislator, governor,
United States senator, was born June 24,
1816, in New Brunswick, N. J. In 1860
he was elected to the New Jersey house
of assembly, and declined the speakership
of that body. In 1861 he was elected state
senator to fill a vacancy; and re-elected
in 1862, serving until 1865. He was elected
governor of New Jersey in 1868. He was
elected United States senator from New
Jersey in 1874 for six years. He died Nov.
7, 1883, in Morristown, N. J.
RANDOLPH, THOMAS JEFFERSON,
author, was born Sept. 12,' 1792, in Monti-
cello, Va. He was the author of a book
entitled Sixty Years' Reminiscences of the
Currency of the United States. He died
Oct. 8, 1875, iu Edge Hill, Va.
RANDOLPH, THOMAS MANN, patriot,
was born in 1741 in Tuckahoe, Va. He
was a member of the Virginia house of
burgesses, and of the convention of 1776.
He was also a member of the colonial
committee of safety from the first. He
died Nov. 19, 1793, in Tuckahoe, Va.
RANDOLPH, THOMAS MANN, soldier,
congressman, governor, was born Oct. 1,
1768, in Tuckahoe, Va. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1803 to 1807;
was appointed colonel of the twentieth
infantry in 1813; and was governor of
Virginia from 1819 to 1822. He died June
20, 1828, in Monticello, Va.
RANDOLPH, WARREN, clergyman,
was born March 30, 1826, in Middlesex
county, N. J. Since 1879 he has been pas
tor of the Central Baptist church of New
port, R. I.
RANEY, GEORGE P., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, jurist, was born Oct. 11,
1845, in Leon county, Fla. He graduated
from the law school of the university
of Virginia; and has attained success as
an able lawyer of Tallahassee, Fla. He
entered the confederate army in 1863, and
served till the close of the war. During
1868-70 he was a member of the Florida
state legislature; and during 1877-85 was
attorney-general of Florida. During 1885-
89 he was associate justice of the state
supreme court; and in 1889-94 was chief
justice of the supreme court of Florida.
RANEY, JOHN H., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Sept. 28, 1849, in
Wayne county, Mo. He was elected judge
of the county court of Wayne county, Mo.,
and served one term; and was elected and
ser\ed three full terms as prosecuting at
torney of said county. He was one of the
board of regents of the State Normal
school located at Cape Girardeau, Mo.,
by appointment of Governor Stone, his
term of service expiring with the year
1895. He was elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a republican.
RANKIN, CHRISTOPHER, congress
man, was born in Washington county, Pa.
He was a representative in congress from
Mississippi from 1819 to 1826. He died
March 14, 1826, in Washington city.
RANKIN, DAVID, banker, philanthro
pist, state legislator, was born May 28,
1S25, in Sullivan county, Ind. He was
chosen by the republican party a repre
sentative in the Illinois legislature for
three terms. He is president of the First
National bank of Tarkio, Mo.; and is a
hearty supporter of any educational, phi
lanthropic or other good work.
RANKIN, DAVID NEVIN, physician,
surgeon, was born Oct. 27, 1834, in Ship-
penburg, Pa. In 1864-66 he was medical
examiner of the United States pension
bureau, and since 1865 he has been chief
physician of the penitentiary of western
Pennsylvania.
RANKIN, JEREMIAH EAMES, D. D.,
LL. D., clergyman, poet, educator, was
born Jan. 20, 1828, in Thornton, N. H. He
has filled pastorates in various cities and
for many years has been president of the
Howard university of Washington, D. C.
He is the author of Auld Scotch Mither,
and Other Poems; Subduing Kingdoms;
The Hotel of God, and Other Sermons;
Atheism of the Heart; Christ His Own
Interpreter; and Ingleside Rhaims.
RANKIN. JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 4, 1793, in Dandridge, Tenn.
He was a presbyterian clergyman of Rip-
ley, Ohio, famous as an abolitionist, and
many times mobbed for his anti-slavery
zeal. He was the author of Letters on
American Slavery; and The Covenant of
Grace. He died March 18, 1886, near
Dandridge, Tenn.
RANKIN, JOHN CHAMBERS, clergy
man, author, was born May 18, 1816, in
Guilford county, N. C. He is a presbyte
rian clergyman of Baskingridge, N. J.,
from 1851; and the author of The Coming
of the Lord.
RANKIN, JOSEPH, soldier, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Sept. 25,
1833, in Passaic, N. J. He served three
years in the union army during the civil
war; and served in the Wisconsin state
legislature eleven years. He was elected a
representative from Wisconsin to the for
ty-eighth and forty-ninth congresses as a
democrat. He died Nov. 8, 1885, in Wash
ington, D. C.
RANKIN, LELAND, journalist, was
born June 16, 1867, in Nashville, Tenn. He
attended Webb's Classical Training
school, and the Southwestern Presbyte
rian university of Clarksville, Tenn. He
has worked on newspapers in Texas, New
Orleans, St. Louis, and elsewhere; has
been literary editor of the Nashville Ban
ner; chief of the bureau of promotion
and publicity at the Tennessee centennial;
and director of the Tennessee centennial.
He is now the president and manager of
the Nashville American, which publishes
daily, Sunday, and semi-weekly editions,
and is one of the foremost newspapers of
the south.
RANKIN, WILLIAM BRADSHAW, col-
le-ge president, was born Sept. 3, 1825, in
Little Chucky, Tenn. In 1867 he was cho
sen president of the Washington college,
which position he held until 1875.
RANNEY, A.MBROSE ARNOLD, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born April 16, 1821, in Townshend, Vt.
He was corporation counsel of Boston in
1855 and 1856; was a representative in
the state legislature in 1857, 1863, and
1864; and was elected a representative
from Massachusetts to the forty-seventh,
forty-eighth, and forty-ninth congresses
as a republican.
772
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RANNEY, AMBROSE LOOMIS, physi
cian, educator, author, was born in 1848.
He is a physician, professor of nervous
diseases in the university of the city of
New York; and the author of A Practical
Treatise on Surgical Diagnosis; Applied
Anatomy of the Nervous System; Practi
cal Medical Anatomy; and Lectures on
Nervous Diseases.
RANNEY, RUFUS PERCIVAL, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 13. 1813, in Bland-
ford, Mass. He was chosen by the Ohio
legislature about the
same time a judge of
the supreme court.
and in 1851 was
elected by the people,
under the new con
stitution, to the same
office, which he held
till 1857. In that year
he was appointed
United States district
attorney for Ohio,
and in 1859 was de
feated as the demo-
ciatic candidate for governor. In 1862 he
was again elected a judge of the supreme
court, but in 1864 resigned, and resumed
practice in Cleveland.
RANNEY, WILLIAM, soldier, author,
was born May 9, 1813, in Middletown,
Conn. Among his works are Boone's First
View of Kentucky; On the Wing; Wash
ington on his Mission to the Indians; and
Duck-Shooting, which is in the Corcoran
gallery. He died Nov. 18, 1857, in West
Hoboken, N. J.
RANSBOTTOM, CLAUDE, lawyer, leg
islator, jurist, was born July 4, 1838, in
Indianapolis, Ind. He attended the Yale
college; and subsequently was admitted
to the bar. He has served with distinc
tion as judge of the forty-fourth judicial
circuit of Indiana; and has been a mem
ber of the Indiana state legislature; and
filled the high office of lieutenant-gov
ernor of Indiana. While a member of the
state legislature he took an active part in
the deliberations of that body, and was
one of its most fluent speakers. He is one
of the foremost lawyers of Indiana at
Winamac; and contributes extensively to
law literature.
RANSIER, ALONZO JACOB, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Jan. 3,
1836, in Charleston, S. C. He was elected
to the South Carolina state legislature in
1868. He was elected a presidential elect
or in 1868; and lieutenant-governor in
1870. He was elected to the forty-third
congress as a republican. He died Aug.
17, 1882, in Charleston, S. C.
RANSOM, EPAPHRODITUS, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, governor, was born
in February in Shelburne Falls, Mass. He
served a number of years in the Michigan
legislature; and was judge of the su
preme court. From 1847 to 1849 he was
governor of the state. He was appointed
receiver of the land office for one of the
districts of Kansas, and died there before
the expiration of his term. He died in
November, 1859, in Fort Scott, Kan.
RANSOM, MATHEW WHITAKER, sol
dier, lawyer, state legislator. United
States senator, was born Oct. 8, 1826, in
Warren county, N. C. He was elected at
torney-general of North Carolina in 1852;
was a member of the legislature in 1858-
60; and was a peace commissioner from
the state to the congress of southern states
at Montgomery, Ala., in 1861. He entered
the confederate army; was lieutenant-
colonel, brigadier-general, and major-gen
eral, and surrendered at Appomattox. He
was elected to the United States senate in
1872 for the term ending in 1877, and was
re-elected in 1876, 1883, and 1889.
RANSOM, ROBERT, soldier, was born
about 1830 in North Carolina. He was
made colonel of the ninth North Carolina
cavalry; became brigadier-general in 1862
and major-general in 1863 in the confed
erate service.
RANSOM, TRUMAN BISHOP, soldier,
educator, was born in 1802 in Woodstock,
Vt. He was instructor in mathematics in
the United States navy, did much to re
organize the Vermont militia, in which he
was major-general in 1837-44, and in 1844
succeeded Captain Partridge as president
of the university. He died Sept. 13, 1847,
in the City of Mexico.
RANSOM. THOMAS EDWARD GREEN
FIELD, soldier, was born Nov. 29, 1834, in
Norwich, Vt. He served through the civil
war, attaining the rank of major-general
of volunteers for gallant and meritorious
services. He died Oct. 20, 1864, near Rome,
Ga.
RANTOUL, ROBERT, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Aug. 13, 1805, in Beverly,
Mass. He was elected to the Massachu
setts state legislature in 1834; and in 1837
a member of the Massachusetts board of
education. In 1838 he removed to Boston;
in 1843 was appointed collector of that
port; and in 1845 was appointed United
States district attorney for Massachusetts.
In 1851 he succeeded Mr. Webster in the
United States senate, but remained there
only a short time. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1851 to the time of
his death. His writings have since been
published in a large volume. He died
Aug. 7, 1852, in Washington, D. C.
RANTOUL, ROBERT SAMUEL, anti
quarian, lawyer, state legislator, was born
June 2, 1832, in Beverly, Mass. He settled
in Beverly, which he represented in the
legislature in 1858, and afterward removed
to Salem, Mass. He was collector of Sa
lem in 1865-69, and representative from
that town in 1884-85. He has published
many historical and genealogical papers
in the collections of the Essex institute,
of which he is a vice-president.
RAOUL, WILLIAM GREENE, railroad
president, was born July 4, 1843, in Liv
ingston Parish, La. Since 1887 he has
been president of the Mexican National
railroad at New York city.
RAPALLO, CHARLES ANTHONY, law
yer, jurist, was born Sept. 15, 1823, in New
York city. He became a successful prac
titioner, and was elected a judge of the
New York court of appeals, taking his seat
on the bench in 1870; and in 1884 he was
elected for a second term of fourteen
years by the united vote of both political
parties. He died Dec. 28, 1887, in New
York city.
RAPELJE, STEWART, author, was
born in 1842 in New York. He was a le
gal writer of New York city; and the au
thor of Digest of Decisions of New York
Courts to 1881; Digest of Federal Decis
ions and Statutes from the Earliest Period
to 1880; Treatise on the Law of Witness
es; and Dictionary of American and Eng
lish Decisions. He died in 1896.
RAPHALL, MORRIS JACOB, clergy
man, author, was born in September, 1798,
in Sweden. He was a Jewish clergyman
once prominent in New York city; and
the author of Post-Biblical History of the
Jews; Literature of the Jews in Spain;
Social Condition of the Jews; Festivals of
the Lord; and The Path to Immortality.
He died June 23, 1868, in New York city.
RAPIER, JAMES T., congressman, was
born in 1840 in Florence, Ala. He was
elected from Alabama to the forty-third
congress; and re-elected to the forty-
fourth congress.
RAREY, JOHN S., author, was born in
1828 in Franklin county, Ohio. He was a
famous horse-tamer who wrote a Treatise
on Horse-Training that was very exten
sively circulated. He died Oct. 4. 1866, in
Cleveland, Ohio.
RARIDEN, JAMES, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Kentucky. He became
eminent as a lawyer; and was a represen
tative in congress from Indiana from 1837
to 1841. He died in Cambridge City, Ind.
RATHBONE, ESTES GEORGE, banker,
state senator, was born June 30, 1848, in
Hebron, Pa. He is a successful banker of
Hamilton. Ohio. For nine years he was
special agent of the United States treas
ury; chief of special examiners of pension
office for three years; state senator of
Ohio for two years; chief postofflce in
spector for two years; and fourth assis
tant postmaster general under President
Harrison.
RATHBONE, JOHN FINLEY, soldier,
manufacturer, was born Oct. 18, 1821, in
Albany, N. Y. In 1845 he built a foundry
in Albany that is now one of the largest
establishments of the kind in the world.
He was appointed adjutant-general of
New York, with the rank of major-gen
eral.
RATHBONE, JUSTUS HENRY, found
er, was born Oct. 29, 1839, in Deerfield,
N. Y. He was the founder of the Knights
of Pythias. He died in 1890 in Lima, Ohio.
RATHBUN, GEORGE, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1847.
RATLIFF, JOSEPH C., state legislator,
was born July 6, 1827, near Richmond, Ind.
In 1875 he was chosen to represent Wayne
county in the Indiana state legislature;
and in 1876 he was appointed by the gov
ernor a trustee of the Purdue university,
and was reappointed in 1877 for the term
of three years. In 1870 he was elected
president of the Wayne County Turnpike
company.
RATLIFF, RYLAND, educator, botan
ist, was born in 1858 near Marion, Ind.
Since 1886 he has been an instructor of
natural science in Fairmount academy,
Indiana. He has made a special study of
botany and general biology.
RAU, CHARLES, archaeologist, author,
was born in 1826 in Belgium. He was an
archaeologist of distinction of Belgian
birth who settled in the United States in
1848, and was curator of antiquities in the
United States National museum in 1875-
87. He was the author of Early Man in
Europe; and Prehistoric Fishing. He died
July 25, 1887, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RAUB, ALBERT NEWTON, educator,
college president, author, was born March
28, 1840, in Lancaster county, Pa. After
attending the State
Normal school o f
Millersville, Pa., he
began educational
work. He has been
superintendent of the
Ashland public
schools; superinten
dent of the Lock
Haven public schools,
Pennsylvania; prin
cipal of the State
Normal school of
Lock Haven, Pa.;
and is now the president of the Delaware
college of Newark. He is the author of
twenty-six books, including text-books on
grammar, reading, spelling, arithmetic,
literature, and pedagogy. His lessons,
etc., are especially commendable works,
and the best of their kind.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
773
RAUCH, PRIEDRICH AUGUSTUS,
psychologist, author, was born July 27,
1806, in Germany. He was a psycholo
gist of Mercersburg, Pa., prominent
among thinkers o£ the German reformed
faith. He was the author of Psychology:
a View of the Human Soul; and The In
ner Life of the Christian. He died March
2, 1841, in Mercersburg, Pa.
RAUCH, JOHN HENRY, physician, au
thor, was born Sept. 4, 1828, in Lebanon,
Pa. In 1857 he was professor of materia
medica and medical botany in the Rush
Medical college of Chicago, 111.; and in
1859 filled the same chair in the Chicago
College of Pharmacy, of which he was one
of the organizers. His chief work as a
writer is embodied in the reports of the
Illinois state board of health in eight vol
umes.
RAUE, CHARLES GODLOVE, physi
cian, educator, author, was born May 11,
1820, in Saxony. From 1864 till 1871 he
was professor of pathology and practice
at the Homoeopathic college of Pennsyl
vania, and at Hahnemann Medical college
in Philadelphia. He is the author of Spe
cial Pathology and Diagnostics with Ther
apeutic Hints; and Annual Record of
Homoaopathic Literature.
RAUM, GREEN BERRY, soldier, law
yer, congressman, author, was born Dec.
11, ]829, in Golconda, 111. In 1861 he par
ticipated in the war for Wie union as ma
jor of the fifty-sixth Illinois volunteers,
and was promoted to the rank of brevet
brigadier-general in 1864, and to the full
rank of brigadier in 1865. In 1866 he was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the fortieth congress as a republican. He
was commissioner of internal revenue
from 1876 to 1883; and subsequently
United States commissioner of pensions.
He is the author of The Existing Conflict
between Republican Government and
Southern Oligarchy.
RAVENEL, HENRY WILLIAM, botan
ist, author, was born May 19, 1814, in St.
John's Parish Berkeley, S. C. He was a
botanist of Aiken, S. C., distinguished for
his knowledge of fungi; and was the au
thor of Fungi Caroliniani Exsiccati; and
Fungi American! Exsiccati. He died July
17, 1887, in Aiken, S. C.
RAVENEL, ST. JULIEN, chemist, sur
geon, was born Dec. 15, 1819, in Charles
ton, S. C. He was surgeon-in-chief of the
confederate hospital in Columbia, and was
director of the confederate laboratory in
that city for the preparation of medical
supplies. At the close of the war he re
turned to Charleston, and in 1866 he dis
covered the \alue of the phosphate de
posits in the vicinity of that city for ag
ricultural purposes. He died March 16,
1882, in Charleston, S. C.
RAVENSCROFT, D. W., author, poet,
was born in 1852 in California. Under the
nom de plume of The Exile he has con
tributed upwards of a thousand poems to
current literature. He is the author of
The Spirit of Unrest; Idyls; and several
novels.
RAWLE. FRANCIS, author, was born
in 1660 in England. He was a Quaker
colonist of Pennsylvania whose Ways and
Means for the Inhabitants of Delaware to
become Rich is said to have been the first
book printed by Franklin. He died March
5, 1727, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RAWLE, FRANCIS, lawyer, author,
was born Aug. 7, 1846, in MifBin county,
Pa. In 1871 he was admitted to the bar
in Philadelphia. He has published two
revised editions of Bouvier's Law Diction
ary, in which are given over seven hun
dred subjects not named in the original
work.
RAWLE, HENRY, soldier, lawyer, man
ufacturer, iron master, was born Aug. 21,
1833, in Mifflin county, Pa. He engaged
extensively in the coal and iron business
in Erie, Pa., and established the Erie
blast-furnace and Erie rolling-mill. In
1874-76 he was mayor of Erie, and from
18 10 till 1878 he was treasurer of Penn
sylvania.
RAWLE, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born April 28, 1759, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a distinguished lawyer of
Philadelphia; and the author of View of
the Constitution of the United States; and
The Study of the Law. He died April 12,
1836, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RAWLE, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born July 19, 1788, in Philadelphia,
Pa. As reporter of the state supreme
court, he published twenty-five volumes
of reports. He died Aug. 9, 1858, in Mont
gomery county, N. Y.
RAWLE, WILLIAM BROOKE, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 29, 1843, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is a lawyer of Philadel
phia who has published The Right Flank
at Gettysburg; and With Gregg in the
Gettysburg Campaign.
RAWLE, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 31, 1823, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a prominent lawyer
oi Philadelphia; and the author of Law
of Covenants for Title; Some Contrasts
in the Growth of Pennsylvania in English
Law; and Equity in Pennsylvania. He
died April 19, 1889, in Philadelphia.
RAWLES, RICHARD H., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Sept. 15, 1850, in
Nausemond county, Va. He was a state
senator in the Virginia legislature from
the thirty-second senatorial district; and
has been judge of the county and crimi
nal court of his native county.
RAWLES, WILLIAM A., educator, au
thor, was born Dec. 4, 1863, in Remington,
Ind. He has filled the chair of American
history and politics in various institu
tions, and since 1894 in the Indiana uni
versity. He is the author of Civil Gov
ernment of Indiana, and other works.
RAWLINS, JOHN AARON, soldier, sec
retary of war, was born Feb. 13, 1831, in
East Galena, 111. He was assistant adju
tant-general; and after seeing much ser
vice in the field rose by degrees to the
rank of major-general by brevet in 1865.
He served as chief of staff to the general
commanding the armies. On the acces
sion of General Grant to the presidency,
he was appointed secretary of war. He
died Sept. 9, 1869, in Washington, D. C.
RAWLINS, JOSEPH L., lawyer, educa
tor, congressman, United States senator,
was born March 28, 1850, in Salt Lake
county, Utah. He was professor in the
university of Deseret in Salt Lake City,
Utah, for two years. He was elected to
the fifty-third congress as delegate on the
democratic ticket; and was elected to the
United States senate as a democrat in
1897.
RAWSON, ALBERT LEIGHTON, au
thor, was born Oct. 15, 1829, in Chester,
Vt. He is a traveler of note who has pub
lished Histories of All Religions; An
tiquities of the Orient; The Unseen
World; and a number of dictionaries and
vocabularies of Oriental tongues.
RAWSON, EDWARD, author, was born
April 16, 1615, in England. He was one of
the first secretaries of the general court
of Massachusetts colony. He died March
27, 1693, in Boston, Mass.
RAY, ANNA CHAPIN, author, was born
in 1865 in Massachusetts. She is a writer
of West Haven, Conn., whose tales for ju
venile reading have been popular. She is
the author of Cadets of Fleming Hall;
Half a Dozen Boys; Half a Dozen Girls;
In Blue Creek Canon; Dick; and Mar
garet Davis Tutor.
RAY, FABIUS MAXIMUS, lawyer, edu
cator, state legislator, author, was born in
March, 1837, in East Windham, Maine.
In 1867 entertaining
the project of aban
doning the law, he
entered the senior
class of the Divinity
school in Cambridge
and graduated, but
never received ordi
nation, and in a year
or two resumed the
legal profession in
Portland, which he
continues in the firm
of Ray and Dyer. He
represented Westbrook in the Maine leg
islature of 1871-72. He published a vol
ume of poems in 1873. He taught a school
in Saccarappa in 1865 and in the winter
of 1869-70, and has had several private
pupils in modern languages and the clas
sics.
RAY, GEORGE W., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 3, 1844, in
Otselic, N. Y. He received his education
. at the Norwich acad
emy, New York; and
has attained emi
nence as one of the
leading lawyers of
the east at Norwich.
He served with dis
tinction in congress,
in the forty-eighth,
fifty - second, fifty-
third, fifty - fourth,
and fifty-fifth con
gresses. He is a
member of the re
publican state committee; chairman of
the republican county committee; and a
member of the board of education of Nor
wich, N. Y.
RAY, HARRY PALMER, journalist, au
thor, was born July 2, 1866, in Phelps,
N. Y. He received the rudiments of his
education in the public schools of Cold-
water, Mich., and subsequently attended
the Chicago university and Union College
of Law. For eighteen years he has been
engaged in newspaper work; several
years of which were with the Associated
Press. He has contributed to the St. Louis
Globe-Democrat, Republican, and Post-
Dispatch; the Chicago Tribune, and the
Cincinnati Enquirer. He is one of the
leading turf writers in America; the edi
tor of Whip and Spur of Philadelphia,
Pa., and the author of several works of
fiction.
RAY, ISAAC, physician, author, was
born Jan. 16, 1807, in Beverly, Mass. He
was a physician of Philadelphia; and the
author of Conversations on Animal Econ
omy; Education in Relation to the Health
of the Brain; Mental Hygiene; and Medi
cal Jurisprudence of Insanity. He died
March 31, 1881, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RAY, JAMES BROWN, governor, was
born Feb. 19, 1794. in Jefferson county, Ky.
He was governor of Indiana from 1825 to
1831. He died Aug. 4, 1848, in Cincinnati,
Ohio.
RAY, JOHN, lawyer, state senator, was
born Oct. 14, 1816, in Washington county,
Mo. .He removed to Monroe, La., and took
high rank in his. profession. He was
elected in 1844 to the state house of repre
sentatives, and in 1850 to the state senate.
In 1854 and again in 1859 he was nomi
nated by the whigs for lieutenant-gov
ernor. He died March 4, 1888, in New Or
leans. La.
774
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RAY, JOSEPH, educator, mathematic
ian, author, was born Nov. 25, 1807, in Vir
ginia. He received his degree of M. D.
from the Ohio Medi
cal college; and was
for a time surgeon in
the Cincinnati hospi
tal. During 1834-51
he held the chair of
mathematics in
Woodward college;
JMUar and from about 1849
he was president of
the board of direct
ors of the Cincinnati
House of Refuge. He
published an eclectic
series of arithmetics long popular in the
western states. He died April 17, 1865,
in Cincinnati, Ohio.
RAY, JOSEPH WARREN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 25, 1849, in
Greene county, Pa. He has practiced his
profession since 1876 in Waynesburg, Pa.;
and was elected to the fifty-first congress
as a republican.
RAY, OSS1AN, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born Dec. 13, 1835, in
Hinesburg, Vt. He was a representative
in the New Hampshire state legislature in
1868 and 1869. He was United States dis
trict attorney in 1879 and 1880. He was
a member of the forty-sixth congress to
fill a vacancy; and was re-elected to the
forty-seventh and forty-eighth congresses
as a republican.
RAY, WILLIAM, author, was born Dec.
8, 1771, in Salisbury, Conn. He was the
author of Horrors of Slavery; and a book
of poems. He died in 1827 in Auburn,
N. Y.
RAY, WILLIAM H., merchant, banker,
congressman, was born Dec. 14, 1812, in
Dutchees county, N. Y. He was elected
from Illinois to the forty-third congress.
RAYMOND, ANDREW VAN VRANK-
EN, clergyman, college president, was
born Aug. 8, 1854, in Vischer's Ferry, N.
Y. This eminent clergyman was pastor of
the Fourth Presbyterian church of Al
bany, N. Y., for eight years; and since
1895 has been president of the Union col
lege of Schenectady, N. Y.
RAYMOND, ANNIE LOUISE CARY, vo
calist, was born Oct. 22, 1842, in Wayne,
Maine. She is one of the most noted
concert singers in the United States.
RAYMOND, BENJAMIN WRIGHT,
merchant, was born Oct. 23, 1801, in Rome,
N. Y. In 1839 he was elected the third
mayor of Chicago, and he was re-elected
in 1842. He was one of the originators of
the city of Lake Forest, a founder of Lake
Forest university and president of its
board of trustees; and was a member of
the board of trustees of Beloit college
and Rockford Female seminary. In 1864
he organized the Elgin National Watch
company, and became its president. He
died April 5, 1883, in Chicago, 111.
RAYMOND, CHARLES W., lawyer, ju
rist, orator, was born in Dubuque, Iowa.
His fiithi-r. William M. Raymond, was
captain of company
C, fifty-second Indi
ana volunteer in
fantry, and lost his
life in the battle of
Nashville. Charles
W. Raymond was
educated at the
Grand Prairie semi
nary of Onarga, 111.,
and at the Wabash
college. He attained
prominence at the
Illinois bar at Wat-
seka; and was
the State Bar asso-
vice-presidont of
ciation when Lyman Trumbull was pres
ident. In 1895-96 he was president of the
Republican league of Illinois; and was
chairman of the Illinois delegation of the
National Republican league convention at
Cleveland in 1895. In 1894 he was elected
a judge; and in 1897 was tendered the po
sition of United States civil service com
missioner. He has delivered numerous
public addresses throughout the United
States on current subjects.
RAYMOND, GEORGE LANSING, edu
cator, author, poet, was born Sept. 3, 1839,
in Chicago, 111. He is a professor of ora
tory at Princeton college from 1881. His
writings in verse include Colony ballads;
A Life in Song; Ballads of the Revolu
tion, and Other Poems; Sketches in Song;
and Pictures in Verse. He is the author
of The Orator's Manual; Modern Fishers
of Men, a novel; Poetry as a Representa
tive Art; The Genesis of Art Form; Art
in Theory; Painting, Sculpture, and Archi
tecture as Representative Arts; Rhythm
and Harmony in Poetry and Music; and
Ideals Made Real.
RAYMOND, HENRY JARVIS, journal
ist, lawyer, state legislator, congressman,
author, was born Jan. 24, 1820, in Lima,
N. Y. In 1849 he was elected to the New
York state assembly; was re-elected and
made speaker. In 1851 he established the
New York Times. He was subsequently
chosen lieutenant-governor of New York;
and was again elected to the state legisla
ture. In 1864 he was elected a representa
tive from New York to the thirty-ninth
congress. He was the author of Life of
Lincoln; Political Lessons of the Revolu
tion; History of the Administration of
Lincoln; and Letters to Mr. Yancey. He
died June 18, 1869, in New York city.
RAYMOND, JAMES, lawyer, author,
was born in 1796 in Connecticut. In 1844
he was elected a member of the Maryland
house of delegates, and in 1847 he was ap
pointed state's attorney. He published
Digest of the Maryland Chancery Decis
ion; and Political, a book in opposition to
Knownothingism as a phase of politics in
the state of Maryland. He died in January,
1858, in Westminster, Md.
RAYMOND, JEROME HALE, educator,
college president, was born March 10,
1869, in Clinton, Iowa. He attended the
public schools of
Chicago, 111.; the
Northwestern acad
emy of Evanston ;
received the degrees
of A. B. and A. M.
from the Northwest
ern university, and
the degree of Ph. D.
from the university
of Chicago. He has
been professor of
history and political
science in the Law-
ror.ce university; lecturer in sociology in
the university of Chicago; professor of
sociology in the university of Wisconsin;
and since 1897 has been president of the
West Virginia university. As an educator
his work has been chiefly in university
extension.
RAYMOND, JOHN BALDWIN, soldier,
journalist, congressman, was born Dec. 5,
1844, in Lockport, N. Y. He served
in the union army throughout the war of
the rebellion, rising to the rank of cap
tain. In 1877 he was appointed United
States marshal for the territory of Dako
ta, and served fl\e years, declining a re-
appointment. He was elected the delegate
from Dakota to the forty-eighth congress
as a republican. He died Dec. 27. 1885.
RAYMOND, LEVI BEARDSLEY, sol
dier, journalist, was born July 3, 1838, in
Alleghany county, N. Y. For over twenty
years he has been a member of the school
board of Hampton, Iowa; was county su
perintendent of schools during 1867-69,
and again in 1875-76. He is the editor and
part owner of the Franklin County Re
corder of Hampton, Iowa; has been post
master; and since 1896 has been trustee
of the Iowa Soldiers' home.
RAYMOND, MINER, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 29, 1811, in New York city.
He is a methodist clergyman of Illinois,
theological professor in Garrett Biblical
institute at Evanston, 111., from 1864; and
the author of Systematic Theology.
RAYMOND, ROBERT RAIKES, jour
nalist, educator, author, was born in 1819
in New York city. He edited the Syracuse
Free Democrat in 1852, and the Evening
Chronicle in 1853-54, and was professor of
elocution and English in Brooklyn Poly
technic institute from 1857 till 1864. He
published Gems from Tupper; Little Don
Quixote, from the German; and Patriotic-
Speaker. He died Nov. 16, 1888, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
RAYMOND. ROSSITER WORTHING-
TON, civil engineer, journalist, author,
was born April 27, 1840, in Cincinnati,
Ohio. He is a mining engineer of Brook
lyn, editor of The Engineering and Min
ing Journal from 1868. Among his tech
nical and other writings are included,
Mines and Mining of the Rocky Moun
tains; Mines, Mills, and Furnaces of the
Pacific Slope; Silver and Gold; Brave
Hearts, a novel; The Man in the Moon,
and Other People; The Book of Job; Es
says and a Metrical Paraphrase; The Mer-
ry-Go-Round; and Two Ghosts, and Other
Tales.
RAYMOND, SARAH E., educator, phi
lanthropist, was born Oct. 20, 1842, in Big
Grove, III. She was educated at the public
high school and acad
emy; by private tu
tors in various
branches; and in 1866
graduated from a
three years' course in
the Illinois State
Normal university.
She has become one
of the most distin
guished educators in
Illinois. In 1866-68
she was an instruct
or at the Fowler in
stitute of Newark, 111.; then for six years
in the schools of Bloomington, 111.; and in
1874 was elected secretary of the school
board and superintendent of all the
Bloomington city schools, which position
she held for eighteen years, resigning in
August, 1892. She was the first woman
in the United States elected to the posi
tion of superintendent of city schools. She
was president of the Central Illinois Tea
chers' association; president of the Wo
men's State Teachers' association; presi
dent of the Bloomington Public library for
ten years, and one of its directors for
nineteen years; and for several years she
was president of the Woman's Educa
tional association of the Illinois Wesleyan
university. Since 1892 she has resided in
Boston, engaged in literary work.
RAYNER, ISIDOR, lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born April 11, 1850.
In 1878 he was elected to the Maryland
legislature for two years. In 1886 he was
elected to the state senate from Baltimore
City for four years; and was elected to
the fiftieth and fifty-second congresses,
and re-elected to the fifty-third congress
as a democrat.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
775
RAYNER, KENNETH, state legislator,
congressman, author, was born in 1808 in
Bertie county, N. C. In 1835 he was a
member of the North Carolina house of
commons, and the same year was a mem
ber of the comention to revise the state
constitution. He served again in the lo
cal legislature in 1836 and 1838; and was
a representative in congress from 1839
to 1845, and a presidential elector in 1848.
In 1846, for the third time, he went into
the legislature. In 1866 he published the
Life and Services of Andrew Johnson. In
1877 he was appointed solicitor of the
treasury of the United States. He died
Feb. 5, 1884, in Washington, D. C.
RAYNOLDS, L. D., journalist, was born
Sept. 24, 1847, in Ohio. He is now the edi
tor and owner of the Chicago Express,
the oldest reform paper in the United
States.
RAYNOR, ARLINGTON, lecturer, was
born July 7. 1872, in New York city. He
has attained prominence as a lecturer in
New York city, where he is secretary for
the Young Men's Christian association.
REA, DAVID, lawyer, congressman,
was born Jan. 19, 1831, in Ripley county,
Ind. He is a noted lawyer of Savannah,
Mo.; and was elected a representative
from Missouri to the forty-fifth congress
as a democrat.
REA, JOHN, soldier, congressman, was
born in 1755 in Pennsylvania. He served
during the revolutionary war; was sev
eral times a member of the Pennsylvania
state house of representatives, and was
five times elected as a democrat to con
gress, serving from 1803 till 1815, except
in 1811-13. He died Feb. 6, 1829. in
Chambersturg, Pa.
REA, JOHN PATTERSON, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Oct. 13, 1840, in
Chester county, Pa. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the common
schools of his native county; attended,
the Hopewell academy; and graduated in
1867 in the classical course from the Ohio
Wesleyan unh ersity. During the war he
was second lieutenant, first lieutenant and
captain in the first regiment of the Ohio
volunteer cavalry; was brevet major
United States volunteer, and subsequently
was captain company A, first regiment
Minnesota national guard; and then brig
adier-general. He has been judge of the
probate court of Hennepin county, Minn.;
district judge of the fourth judicial dis
trict of Minnesota; and in 1876-77 was edi
tor of the Minneapolis Tribune. He is
prominent in the business and political af
fairs of Minneapolis, Minn., and stands
high in several fraternal orders.
REA, MRS. JULIE [FOSTER], singer,
author, was born in 1814, in England.
She was an opera singer and dramatic
critic of Philadelphia, and the author of
The Ins and Outs of Paris; Italy and the
War of 1859; and Parisian Pickings. She
died in 1866.
READ. ABNER, na\al officer, was born
April 5, 1821, in Urbana, Ohio. He served
with distinction in the civil war and at
tained the rank of commodore. He died
July 12, 1863, in Baton Rouge, La.
READ, ALMON H., state legislator,
state senator, was born June 12, 1790, in
Shelburne, Vt. He was frequently elected
to the Pennsylvania state legislature; and
also to the senate. In 1840 he was
appointed treasurer of the state; and. in
1841 was elected to fill a vacancy in the
national house of representatives; and
re-elected to the succeeding congress. He
died June 3, 1844, in Montrose, Pa.
READ, BENJAMIN M., lawyer, legis
lator, was born September, 1854, in Las
Cruces, N. M. He has been private sec
retary to Governors L. A. Sheldon and E.
G. Ross. He has been a translator of the
New Mexico laws; professor of English
and Spanish; and in 1885 was admitted
to the supreme court of New Mexico. In
1890-91 he was a member of the New Mex
ico legislature; has been vice-president
for New Mexico of the National Repub
lican league, and was a delegate to the
conventions of the National Republican
league in 1894 and in 1896. He has been
pension agent; and since 1876 has been a
delegate to nearly all the republican ter
ritorial conventions in New Mexico.
READ, COLLINSON, lawyer, author,
was born in 1751, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was appointed deputy register of wills
for the county, and afterward practiced
law in Philadelphia. He published a Di
gest of the Laws of Pennsylvania; Abridg
ment of the Laws of Pennsylvania; Amer
ican Pleader's Assistant; and Precedents
in the Office of a Justice of the Peace.
He died March 1, 1815, in Reading, Pa.
READ, DANIEL, composer, was born
Nov. 16, 1757, in Attleborough, Mass. He
published in 1791 The American Singing-
Book, or a New and Easy Guide to the
Art of Psalmody; and in 1793 Columbian
Harmony, a collection of devotional mu
sic. Subsequently he published a New
Collection of Psalm-Tunes, which came to
be known as the Litchfield Collection,
containing many tunes of his own compo
sition (Dedham, 1805), Windham, Green
wich, Sherburne, Russia, Stafford, and
others of Read's hymn-tunes are still in
general use in American churches. He
died in 1841, in New Haven, Conn.
READ, DANIEL, educator, college pres
ident, was bcrn June 24, 1805, in Marietta,
Ohio. In 1856 he became professor of
mental and moral philosophy in Wiscon
sin unh ersity, and in 1863 entered on the
piesidency of Missouri State university,
Columbia, which office he filled until 1876.
He died Oct. 3, 1878, in Keokuk, Iowa.
READ, GEORGE, signer of declaration
of independence, was born Sept. 17, 1733,
in Cecil county, Md. He was made at
torney-general cf the three lower coun
ties on the Delaware in 1763, and held the
office until he was chosen a delegate to
congress in 1775. In 1776 he was a signer
of the declaration of independence. He
was elected a member of the United
States senate, serving from 1789 to 1793;
and was then appointed chief justice of
the supreme court of Delaware, in which
office he remained until his death in 1798.
He died Sept. 21, 1798.
READ, GEORGE CAMPBELL, naval
officer, was born about 1787, in Ireland.
He was promoted commander in 1816,
and captain in 1825; took charge of the
East India squadron in 1840, and of the
squadron en the coast of Africa in 1846.
He died Aug. 22, 1862, in Philadelphia.
READ, HOLLIS, missionary, author,
was born Aug. 26, 1802, in Newfane, Vt.
He was a presbyterian foreign mission
ary, who after 1835 was settled over var
ious New Jersey parishes. He was the
author of Journal in India; The Hand of
God in History, a very popular book at
one time: The Palace of the Great King;
India and Its People; The Coming Crisis
of the World; The Negro Problem Solved;
and The Devil in History. He died April
7, 1887, in Somerville, N. J.
READ, J., congressman. He was a dele
gate from Pennsylvania to the continental
congress in 1787 and 1788.
READ, JACOB, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, state senator, was born 1752, in
South Carolina. He was a delegate from
South Carolina to the continental con
gress from 1783 to 1786; and was elected
a senator in congress from that state for
the term from 1795 to 1802. In 1801 he
was appointed judge of the United States
district court of South Carolina. He died
July 17, 1816, in Charleston, S. C.
READ, JANE MARIA, author, was born
in 1853, in Massachusetts. She is poet of
Colebrook Springs, Mass., who has pub
lished Between the Centuries, and Other
Poems.
READ, JOHN, lawyer, state senator,
was born July 7, 1769, in Newcastle, Del.
He was appointed in 1797 agent-general
of the United States under Jay's treaty,
and held that office until its expiration in
1809. He was also a member of the su
preme and common councils of Philadel
phia and of the Pennsylvania legislature,
and in 1816 chairman of its celebrated
committee of seventeen. He succeeded
Nicholas Biddle in the Pennsylvania sen
ate in 1816. He died July 13, 1854, in
Trenton, N. J.
READ, JOHN, lawyer, was born about
1673 in Mendon, Mass. He was an ac
tive member of the provincial house of
representatues, and of the council during
Governor William Shirley's administra
tion. He contributed greatly to the re
form of legal phraseology, being the first
tc reduce the antiquated forms and re
dundant phrases of deeds of conveyance
to simpler and clearer language. He died
Feb. 7, 1749, in Boston, Mass.
READ, JOHN MEREDITH, lawyer, dip
lomat, author, was born Feb. 21, 1837, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a lawyer of
Albany, N. Y., who was minister to Greece
in 1873-79, and subsequently filled other
important diplomatic positions. He was
the author of An Historical Inquiry Con
cerning Hendrick Hudson. He died in
1896.
READ, LAZARUS H., lawyer, jurist.
In 1853 he was appointed judge of the
United States court for the territory of
Utah.
READ, MATTHEW CANFIELD, law
yer, lecturer, was born Aug. 21, 1823, in
Williamsfield, Ohio. During the war he
was United States sanitary commissioner;
has been collector of revenue; a member
of the Ohio geological corps: and lec
turer on biology and practical geology.
READ, NATHAN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born July 2, 1759, in War
ren, Mass. He was a representative in
congress from Massachusetts from 1800
to 1803. He removed to Hallowell, Maine,
and was for many years judge of the court
of common pleas. He died Jan. 20, 1849,
near Belfast, Maine.
READ, NELL M., educator, poet, was .
born Aug. 4, 1873, in Carimona, Minn.
She has attained success in educational
work, and still resides in her native state
at Preston. She has contributed exten
sively to current literature, and is the au
thor of a number of meritorious poems.
READ, OPIE, journalist, author, was
born in 1852, in Tennessee. He is a jour
nalist now living in Chicago, who edited
The Arkansaw Tra\ eler for some years,
and whose studies of Arkansas life have
been widely read. He is the author of My
Young Master; An Arkansaw Planter;
Len Gansett; Up Terrapin River; A Ken
tucky Colonel; On the Suwannee River;
Miss Polly Lopp, and Other Stories; The
Captain's Romance; and The Jucklins, a
novel.
776
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
READ, THEODORE, soldier, lawyer,
was born April 11, 1836, in Athens, Ohio.
He served in various battles in General
Grant's campaign, and in 1864 was bre-
vetted brigadier-general of volunteers for
services in the field. He lost his life in
the last encounter between the armies of
Generals Grant and Lee. He died April
5, 18C5, in Farmville, Va.
READ, THOMAS, naval officer, was
born in 1740, in New Castle, Del. He was
the first naval officer to obtain the rank
of commodore in the American navy. He
died Oct. 26, 1788, in White Hill, N. J.
READ. THOMAS, clergyman, was born
in March, 1746, in Chester county, Pa.
In August, 1777, he performed an import
ant service for the American cause by
drawing for General Washington a map
that showed the topography of the coun
try and a route by which he could retreat
from Stanton, and avoid a conflict with
the superior British force that had landed
at Elk ferry, and was advancing on the
American camp. He died June 14, 1823,
in Wilmington, Del.
READ, THOMAS B., state senator. He
•was a senator in congress from Missis
sippi from 1826 to 1827, and also during
the session of 1829. He died Nov. 26, 1829,
in Lexington, Ky.
READ, THOMAS BUCHANAN, artist,
poet, was born March 12, 1822, in Chester
county, Pa. He was a poet and artist of
Philadelphia, whose later years were
spent in Florence and Rome. As a poet
he is best known by the famous Sheri
dan's Ride; Drifting; and The Closing
Scene; and it is by these poems that he
will continue to be remembered. He is
the author of Poems; Lays and Ballads;
The Pilgrims of the Great St. Bernard,
a prose romance; The New Pastoral;
The House by the Sea; The Wagoner of
the Alleghanies, in which occurs the fine
lyric beginning, The maid who binds her
warrior's sash; Sylvia; A Voyage to Ice
land; A Summer Story; and Sheridan's
Ride, and Other Poems. His complete
poems were issued in 1882. He died May
11, 1872, in New York city.
READ, WILLIAM B., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Dec. 14, 1820,
In Hardin county, Ky. He was elected
to the state senate of Kentucky in 1857,
and again in 1861. He was elected to the
legislature of Kentucky in 1867; and was
elected to the forty-second and forty-
third congresses as a democrat.
READE, EDWIN G., lawyer, congress
man, was born Nov. 13, 1812, in Orange
county, N. C. He was elected from North
Carolina a representative in congress in
1855, serving until 1857.
READER, FRANK S., soldier, journal
ist, was born Nov. 17, 3842, in Coal Cen
ter, Pa. He served as a soldier during
the civil war in the
second regiment Vir
ginia volunteer in
fantry; and in 1863
changed to the fifth
regiment of the
West Virginia cav
alry. He was cap
tured on June 20,
1864, and subse
quently escaped. For
several years he was
a clergyman .in the
methodist church,
but retired on account of ill-health. In
1874 he established the Beaver Valley
News of New Brighton. Pa.; and began
the daily edition in 1893. He is the author
of The Life of Moody and Sankey; A His
tory of the Fifth West Virginia Cavalry;
and has contributed various historical
sketches and other articles to the periodi
cal press generally.
READING, JOHN R., physician, con
gressman, was born Nov. 1, 1826, in Phila
delphia county, Pa. He was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-first congress.
READY, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 22, 1802, in
Readyville, Tenn. He was a member of
the Tennessee legislature in 1835, and
closely identified with the organization
of the judiciary. By special commission
he twice presided in the supreme court of
Tennessee. He was elected a representa
tive in congress from that state in 1853,
to which position he was twice re-elected.
READY, SAMUEL, philanthropist, was
born March 8, 1789, in Baltimore, Md.
He obtained a charter in 1864, and, hav
ing no immediate family, left $371,000,
constituting the bulk of his fortune, as
an endowment for the Samuel Ready
asylum. The institution, which is in the
northern part of Baltimore, was opened
in 1888. He died Nov. 28, 1871, in Balti
more, Md.
REAGAN, JOHN HENNINGER, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, congressman,
United States senator, was born Oct. 8.
1818, in Sevier county, Tenn. He was ap
pointed deputy surveyor in the republic of
Texas in 1840; and in 1843 was a justice
of the peace, and a militia captain. In
1846 he was probate judge and colonel of
militia; and was elected a member of the
legislature in 1847. He was a judge of
the district court from 1852 to 1857; and
in 1856 was elected a member of the thir
ty-fifth congress. He was re-elected to
the thirty-sixth congress; withdrew in
February, 1861, and became postmaster-
general of the confederate government.
He was elected to the forty-fourth con
gress as a representative from Texas,
and was re-elected to the forty-fifth, for
ty-sixth, "forty-seventh, forty-eighth and
forty-ninth congresses as a democrat; and
became a United States senator in 1887.
REALF, RICHARD, soldier, journalist,
author, was born June 14, 1834, in Eng
land. He was a journalist and poet of
Pittsburg who was a federal officer during
the civil war. He was the author of
Guesses at the Beautiful. He died Oct.
28, 1878, in Oakland, Cal.
REAM, VINNIE, sculptor, was born in
1S50, in Mississippi. She has modeled
characteristic busts of Horace Greeley
and Senator Sherman; and her bust of
Liszt and her America, or the Four Sis
ters, have been much talked about.
REAMY, THADDEUS ASBURY, physi
cian, surgeon, author, was born April 28,
1829, in Frederick county, Va. He re
ceived the degree of A. M. from the Ohio
Wesleyan university; and the degree of
LL. D. from Cornell college. He has been
professor of clinical gynaecology in the
Medical college of Ohio, and in the med
ical department of the Cincinnati univer
sity. He has also been gynaecologist to
the Cincinnati hospital, the Good Sam
aritan hospital, and the Woman's hos
pital. He is the proprietor of a large
prhate hospital in Cincinnati, Ohio; is
a member of the leading medical bodies
of Europe and America; and a well known
writer on medical and surgical diseases
of women.
REAVIS, ISAAC, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Illinois. He removed to Nebras
ka, and was appointed from that terri
tory an associate justice of the United
States court for the territory of Arizona,
residing in Arizona City.
REAVIS, LOGAN URIAH, journalist,
author, was born March 26, 1831, in San-
gamon Bottom, 111. He was a St. Louis
journalist, who published St. Louis, the
Future Great City of the World; Life of
Horace Greeley; Thoughts for the Young
Men and Women of America; Life of Gen
eral Harney; and Railway and River Sys
tem. He died April 25, 1889, in St. Louis,
Mo.
RECTOR, ELBR1DGE LEE, lawyer, au
thor, was born Nov. 16, 1847, in Seguin,
Texas. He received his education at the
university of Virginia; and since 1877 has
been engaged in the practice of law in
San Saba, Texas. He has always been a
student of political economy; has con
tributed articles on monetary topics to
the American Magazine of Civics; and is
the author of a work entitled The Science
of Exchange.
RECTOR, HENRY M., governor. He
was governor of Arkansas from 1860 to
1864.
REDDALL, HENRY FREDERICK,
journalist, author, was born Nov. 25, 1852,
in England. He has been a contributor to
periodicals under the pen-name of Fred
eric Alldred. Since 1881 he has been as
sociate editor of The People's Cyclopaedia.
He has published From the Golden Gate
to the Golden Horn; Who Was He?, six
historical sketches; School-Boy Days in
Merrie England; Courtship, 'Love and
Wedlock; and Fancy, Fact and Fable.
REDE, WYLLYS, clergyman, author,
was born March 7, 1859, in Monmouth, 111.
He graduated from Williams college in
1882; studied at the General Theo
logical seminary of New York; and spent
a year in the post-graduate study at Ox
ford university. He has filled pastorates in
Maine, Virginia and Maryland, and is
now rector of the Emanuel church of
Rockford, 111. He is the author of The
Communion of Saints; Striving for the
Mastery; and other works.
REDFIELD, AMASA ANGELL, lawyer,
author, was born May 19, 1837, in Clyde,
Wayne county, N. Y. He is a lawyer of
New York city, and the author of Hand
book of United States Tax Laws; Law
and Practice of Surrogates' Courts; and
Reports of Surrogates' Courts of New
York State, 1864-82.
REDFIELD, ISAAC FLETCHER, law
yer, jurist, author, was born April 10,
1804, in Wethersfield, Vt. He was a lawyer
who was chief justice of Vermont in 1852-
60, and a resident of Boston after the lat
ter date. He was the author of The Law
of Railways; The Law of Wills; Law of
Carriers and Bailments; Leading Amer
ican Railway Cases; and Civil Pleading.
He died March 23, 1876, in Charlestown,
Mass.
REDFIELD, JOHN HOWARD, natural
ist, author, was born July 10, 1815, in
Cromwell, Conn. He was appointed con
servator of the herbarium of the Philadel
phia academy of Natural Sciences in 1876,
and he has contributed botanical papers
to the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical
Club, and to the Botanical Gazette. He
has also published Genealogical History of
the Redfield Family in the United States.
REDFIELD, WILLIAM CHARLES, me
teorologist, author, was born March 26,
1789, in Middletown, Conn. He conceived
the fundamental idta of his famous law
of storms as early as 1821, and promul
gated his theory in 1831. He was first
president of the American Association
for the Advancement of Science. He was
the author of On Whirlwind Storms; and
other works. He died Feb. 12, 1857, in
New York city.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
777
REDING, JOHN R., congressman, was
born in New Hampshire. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1841 to 1845; and from 1853 to 1858
held the office of naval storekeeper at
Portsmouth.
REDMAN, JOHN, physician, author,
was born Feb. 27, 1722, in Philadelphia,
Pa. On the foundation of the Philadelphia
college of Physicians in 1786 he was
chosen president of that body, and for
many years he was one of the physicians
of the city hospital. He died March 19,
1808, in Philadelphia, Pa.
REDPATH, JAMES, journalist, author,
was born in 1833. He was a New York
journalist for many years on the staff of
The Tribune, and prominent as an aboli
tionist. He was the author of The Rov
ing Editor; Handbook of Kansas Terri
tory; Public Life of Captain John Brown;
Echoes of Harper's Ferry; Guide to
Hayti; and Talks About Ireland. He died
Feb. 10, 1891, in New York city.
REDWAY, JACQUES WARDLAW, ge
ographer, educator, author, was born May
5, 1849, in Nashville, Tenn. He is a geog
rapher and educator of California, and
the author of Complete Geography; Man
ual of Physical Geography; and Manual
of Geography and Travel.
REDWINE, HYRAM G., educator, law
yer, was born April 6, 1868, in Graves
county, Ky. He attended the West Ken
tucky college of Mayfield; and the North
ern Indiana Law school of Valparaiso.
For many years he was engaged in educa
tional work; was editor of the Repub
lican of Marshall. Ark.; and since 1893
has practiced law with success at Salmon,
Idaho.
REDWINE, ROBERT B., merchant,
lawyer, was born July 12, 1860, in Union
county, N. C. Early in life he became a
successful farmer and merchant; and sub
sequently turned his attention to law;
taking a course at Bingham school, and
later graduated from the law school of the
university of North Carolina. He has
attained success as an able lawyer of
Monroe, N. C.; was presidential elector
on the national democratic ticket in 1896;
and takes a prominent part in the public
affairs of his city, county and state.
REDWOOD, ABRAHAM, philanthro
pist, was born in 1709, in the West In
dies. He was a Quaker, and founder of
the Redwood library, to which he gave
five hundred pounds. He died March 3,
1788, in Newport, R. I.
REED, ANNA MORRISON, author, lec
turer, poet, was born in Dubuque, Iowa.
Besides writing for the press east and
west, she published
between 1880 and
1896 two different
editions of her po
ems, a third compil
ation being about
to issue. She has
been called on to lec
ture before the Agri
cultural association
of Northern Califor
nia; and was ap
pointed one of the
commissioners on
the state board for the Columbian exposi
tion in 1892. Her organizing talents won
her the distinction of again being solicited
to aid in raising funds for the Midwinter
Fair of San Francisco the following year,
in which she was eminently successful.
She is a life member of the Pacific Coast
Woman's Press association. A native of
Iowa.
REED, CALEB, journalist, was born
April 22. 1797. in West Bridgewater, Mass.
He was a believer in the doctrines of
Swedenborg, and for more than twenty
years edited the New Jerusalem Maga
zine, demoted to their promulgation. He
published The General Principles of Eng
lish Grammar. He died Oct. 14, 1854, in
Boston, Mass.
REED, CHARLES ANDREW, lawyer,
author, publisher, was born June 16, 1836,
in Weymouth, Mass. During 1881-82 he
v.'as a member of the house of the Massa
chusetts state legislature; and in 1886-87
was a member of the senate. During
1879-94 he was city solicitor of Taunton,
and in 1895 was elected mayor. He is
secretary of the Old Colony Historical
society, and has written various articles
of local history.
REED, CHARLES M., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1845.
REED, DAVID, scholar, philanthropist,
was born Feb. 6, 1790, in Easton, Mass.
He founded the Christian Register in
Boston in 1821 ; and was one of the found
ers of the American Anti-Slavery society
in 1828. He died June 7, 1870, in Boston,
Mass.
REED, EDWARD C., lawyer, congress
man, was born March 8, 1793, in Fitzwil-
liam, N. H. He settled at Homer, N. Y.,
as a lawyer; and was a representative in
congress from New York from 1831 to
1833.
REED, EDWIN, scholar, author, was
born in 1835, in Bath, Maine. He is a
Shakespearean scholar who has published
Bacon vs. Shakspere, a history of the con
troversy, with arguments pro and con.
REED, ELIZABETH ARMSTRONG, au
thor, was born May 16, 1842, in Winthrop,
Maine. She is the author of The Bible
Triumphant; Earnest Words; and Hindu
Literature.
REED, EMILIE McKIM, was born May
10, 1840, in Baltimore, Md. She repre
sented Maryland in the Woman's Pavil
ion in the Centennial exposition of 1876;
was a member of the board of lady man
agers at the World's Columbian expo
sition at Chicago; and was appointed by
the governor of Maryland as chairman
of the woman's committee for Maryland
for the Atlanta exposition. For seventeen
years she has been president of the Balti
more Decorative Art society; and secre
tary and vice-president respectively of the
National and Maryland Society of Colonial
Dames of America.
REED, GEORGE E., journalist, was
born Feb. 4, 1872, in Shippensburg, Pa.
He is the editor and owner of the Ob
server of Prairie Depot, Ohio; and has
contributed extensively to periodical lit
erature. In 1896-97 he was enrolling clerk
of the Ohio house of representatives; and
has filled various other public positions of
trust.
REED, GEORGE EDWARD, clergyman,
college president, was born March 28,
1846, in Brownville, Maine. This eminent
clergyman is the honored president of
Dickinson college of Carlisle, Pa.
REED, GILBERT B., lawyer, jurist, was
born Feb. 8, 1828, in Steuben county, N.
Y. He is president judge of the court of
appeals of Colorado, to which state he
removed in 1860. He was judge of the
miners court until 1861; was then elected
prosecuting attorney, which position he
resigned and practiced law until 1888. In
that year he was appointed judge of the
supreme court commission, which posi
tion he held until appointed to his present
position.
REED, HARRY W., clergyman, writer,
was born May 7, 1855, in New York city.
He received a thorough education at the
public schools, Adelphi academy of Brook
lyn, N. Y., Colgate university, the Union
Theological seminary, and the Hamilton
Theological seminary. He nas attained
eminence as a successful baptist clergy
man, and has filled pastorates in Wyom
ing, N. Y.; Belvidere and Waukegan, 111.;
and at La Crosse, Wis. He is a fluent
speaker at young people's conventions and
other denominational gatherings; and is
engaged quite extensively in the review
of denominational and other religious
books.
REED, HENRY, educator, author, was
born July 11, 1808, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was an educator of Philadelphia; and
professor of English literature in the uni
versity of Pennsylvania. He was the au
thor of Lectures on English History; Lec
tures on English Literature; and Lectures
on the British Poets. He died Sept. 27,
1854, at sea.
REED, HENRY, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born Sept. 22, 1846, in Philadelphia.
He is a Philadelphia jurist who has pub
lished The Law of the Statute of Frauds.
REED, HORATIO BLAKE, soldier, was
born Jan. 22. 1837, in Rockaway, L. I.
He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel in the
regular army for meritorious services dur
ing the civil war. He died March 7, 1888,
in Togus, Maine.
REED. HUGH, educator, author, was
torn Aug. 17, 1850, f in Richmond, Ind.
He is a military educator of Virginia, and
the author of Signal Tactics; Cadet Regu
lations; Military Science and Tactics; and
Broom Tactics.
REED, ISAAC, merchant, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in 1810, in
Waldoborough, Maine. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Maine from
1852 to 1853; ser\ed six years in the state
legislature; was state treasurer in 1856;
and was president of the Waldoborough
bank.
REED, JAMES, clergyman, author, was
born in 1834, in Massachusetts. He is a
Swedenborgian clergyman of Boston from
1858, and the author of Men and Women;
Religion and Life; and Swedenborg and
the New Church.
REED, JOHN, clergyman, congressman,
was born Nov. 11, 1751, in Framingham,
Mass. He was ordained a minister of the
Gospel in 1780, and settled at West
Bridgewater, Mass.; and was a represent
ative in congress from that state from
1795 to 1801. He died Feb. 17, 1831, in
West Bridgewater, Mass.
REED, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born Sept. 2, 1781, in West Bridge-
water, Mass. He was a representative in
congress from Massachusetts from 1813 to
1817, and again from 1821 to 1841; and
was lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts
from 1844 to 1851. He died Nov. 25, 1860,
in Bridgewater, Mass.
REED, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, educator,
author, was born in 1786, in Pennsylvania.
He was a Pennsylvania jurist, professor of
law in Dickinson college of Carlisle in
1834-50, and author of The Pennsylvania
Blackstone. He died June 19, 1850, in
Carlisle, Pa.
REED, JOSEPH, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 27. 1741, in New
Jersey. In 1776 he was appointed adju-
tr.nt-general of the army; and was a
delegate to the continental congress from
1777 to 1778, and a signer of the Articles
of confederation. He was president of
Pennsylvania in the latter year until 1781.
He died March 4, 1785, in Philadelphia.
778
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
REED, JOSEPH, lawyer, author, was
born July 11, 1772, in Philadelphia, Pa.
From 1800 to 1809 he was a prothonotary
of the supreme court, and then attorney-
general of Pennsylvania in 1810-11. He
became recorder of the city of Philadel
phia in 1810, continuing in that office till
1829; and published The Laws of Penn
sylvania, in five volumes.
REED, JOSEPH, soldier, was born Aug.
27, 1841, in Trenton. N. J. He was a dis
tinguished soldier of the revolutionary
war; and in 1878 was elected president
of the supreme executive council of Penn
sylvania, resigning in 1881.
REED, JOSEPH R., soldier, lawyer. .jur
ist, state senator, congressman, was born
March 12, 1835, in Ashland county, Ohio.
He was a member of the Iowa state sen
ate in 1866 and 18G8; was judge of the
district court from Sept. 1, 1872, to
Jan. 1, 1884, and judge of the supreme
court of the state from the latter date to
1889; and was elected to the fifty-first
congress as a republican. In 1891 he \v;is
appointed chief justice of the court of pri
vate law claims, which position he still
holds.
REED, JOSEPH SAMUEL, merchant,
poet, was bom in December, 1852, in Sul
livan, Ind. He is a successful merchant
in his native city; the author of a volume
of poems entitled Winnowed Grasses,
which bears the imprint of nature; and
his writings appear in various periodicals
and standard collections.
REED. PHILIP, state senator, con
gressman, was born about 1760, in Kent
county, Md. He was a senator in con
gress from Maryland from 1806 to 1813;
and was a representative in congress from
1817 to 1819, and again from 1822 to 1823.
He died Nov. 2, 1829. in Huntingville, Md.
REED, ROBERT R.. physician, state
legislator, congressman, was born in
Pennsylvania. He served one or two
terms in the legislature of Pennsylvania;
and was a representative in congress
from that state from 1849 to 1851. He
died Dec. 15, 1804. in Harrisburg, Pa.
REED. SAMPSON, journalist, author,
was born June 10, 1800, in West Bridge-
water, Mass. He was a Swedenborgian
writer of Boston, editor of The New-
Church Magazine for Children, and the
author of Observations on the Growth of
the Mind. He died July 8, 1880, in Bos
ton, Mass.
Rh.ED, THOMAS BRACKETT, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Oct.
18, 183!!, in Portland, Maine. He was a
member of the Maine state house of rep-
resentathes in 1868-69, and of the state
senate in 1870; was attorney-general of
Maine in 1870-72; and was city solicitor
of Portland in 1874-77. He was elected to
the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventn,
forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-
first, fifty-second, fifty-third, and fifty-
fourth congresses; and re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican. He
was elected speaker of the house of rep
resentatives Dec. 2, 1889, Dec. 2. 1895,
and March 15. 1897.
REED, WILLIAM, merchant, philan
thropist, congressman, was born in 1777,
in Marblehead, Mass. He was a member
of congress from Massachusetts from 1811
to 1815. Besides liberal bequests to heirs
JUKI relatives, he left $68,000 to benevo
lent objects. He died Feb. 18, 1837, in
Marblehead, Mass.
REED. WILLIAM BRADFORD, lawyer,
author, was born June 30, 1806, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was attorney-general in
Pennsylvania in 1838; was United States
minister to China in 1857 and 1858; and
negotiated the treaty ratified in 1861. He
was the author of Life and Correspond
ence of Joseph Reed; Life of Esther Reed;
Vindication of Joseph Reed. He died
Feb. 18, 1886, in New York city.
REEDER, ANDREW HORATIO, law
yer, governor. United States senator, was
born Aug. 6, 1807, in Easton, Pa. In 1854
he was appointed the first governor of
Kansas; and subsequently served in con
gress; and was also a United States sen
ator. He was the author of Kansas. He
died July 5, 1854, in Easton, Pa.
REEDER. CHARLES, merchant, manu
facturer, author, was born Oct. 30, 1817,
in Baltimore, Md. He is a merchant and
manufacturer of Baltimore; and the au
thor of Caloric, a Review of the Dynamic
Theory of Heat.
REEDER, FRANK, soldier, lawyer, was
born May 22, 1845, in Easton, Pa. He
served through the civil war; attaining
for meritorious services the rank of brig
adier-general. At the close of the war
he studied law and practiced in New York.
REES, JOHN KROM, astronomer, ed
ucator, author, was born Oct. 27, 1851, in
New York city. He is an astronomer,
professor at Columbia college, and direct
or of the observatory from 1881. He is
the author of Report on the Solar Eclipse,
1878; International Time System; and
Observations of the Transit of Venus,
1882.
REESE. CHAUNCEY B., civil engineer,
was born Dec. 28, 1837. in Canastota, N.
Y. He rendered valuable service in the
Virginia peninsular campaign, in con
structing bridges, roads, and field works;
particularly the bridge, 2,000 feet in
length, over the Chickahominy. He died
Sept. 22, 1870, in Mobile, Ala.
REESE, DAVID A., congressman, was
born in South Carolina. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Georgia from
1853 to 1855.
REESE, DAVID MEREDITH, physi
cian, author, was born in 1800, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was an eminent physi
cian of New York city, superintendent of
the city public schools at one period, and
the author of Strictures on Health; Re
view of the Anti-Slavery Society's First
Annual Report; Quakerism versus Cal
vinism; Phrenology Known by Its Fruits:
Medical Lexicon of Modern Terminology;
and Humbugs of New York. He died
Aug. 12. 1861, in New York city.
REESE, JOHN JAMES, physician, edu
cator, author, was born June 16, 1818, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia
physician, professor of jurisprudence in
the university of Pennsylvania, and the
author of American Medical Formulary;
Analysis of Physiology: Manual of Toxi
cology; and Text-Book of Medical Juris
prudence.
REESE, LEVI H., clergyman, was born
Feb. 8, 1806, in Harford county, Md. In
1826 he entered the ministry of the meth-
odist episcopal church. In the contro
versy that resulted in the formation of
the methodist protestant church, he
joined the Union society, became secre
tary of that body, and was the first pastor
that was ordained in that organization.
He died Sept. 21, 1851, in Philadelphia.
Pa.
REESE, LIZETTE WOODWORTH. ed
ucator, poet, was born in 1856, in Mary
land. She is a poet and educator of Bal
timore, and the author of A Branch of
May; A Handful of Lavender; and A
Quiet Road.
REESE, SEABORN, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Nov. 28,
1846, in Madison, Ga. In 1872 he was
elected a representative in the Georgia
state legislature for the term of two-
years; was solicitor-general of the north
ern judicial circuit from 1877 to 1880; and
was a presidential elector in 1880. He was
elected a representative from Georgia to
the forty-seventh congress to fill a va
cancy; and was re-elected to the forty-
eighth and forty-ninth congresses as a
democrat.
REESE, THOMAS, clergyman, author,
was born in 1742, in Pennsylvania. He
became pastor of Salem church, S. C. He
published a valuable essay on the Influ
ence of Religion on Civil Society. He
died August, 1794, in Pendleton, S. C.
REESE. WILLIAM M., college presi
dent, was born Dec. 16, 1847, in Warren
county. Ga. In 1885 he was elected pres
ident of the Baptist college at Mt. Leb
anon. La., which position he resigned af
ter many years of service on account of
ill-health.
REEVE, EMILY A., educator, poet, was
Lorn March 23, 1859, in Franklin county,
Iowa. She received her education in the
common schools, the Geneva school, and
graduated from the Iowa State Agricul
tural college. She has been a successful
teacher and county superintendent of
schools; and her poems have been ex
tensively published in the newspapers of
Iowa.
REEVE, ISAAC VAN DUZEN, soldier,
was born July 29, 1813, in Butternuts,
N. Y. He was brevetted brigadier-gen
eral in the United States army in 1865
for faithful and meritorious service dur
ing the civil war. tie died Dec. 31, 1890,
iu New York city.
REEVE, JAMES KNAPP, author, was
born in 1856, in New York. He is a novel
ist of Franklin, Ohio, and the author of
Vawder's Understudy; and The Three
Richard Whalens.
REEVE, TAPPING, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born Oct. 1. 1744, in Brook-
haven. He was an eminent jurist of
Litchfield, Conn., and the author of Law
of Baron and Femme, of Parent and
Child, of Guardian and Ward, of Servant
and Master; and Treatise on the Law of
Descents in the Several United States.
He died Dec. 13, 1823, in Richfield, Conn.
REEVE, WILLIAM W.. soldier, clergy
man, was born Oct. 12, 1832, near Selma,
Ala. He graduated with first honor at the
Howard college, Ala., and took a full
course and graduated from Rochester
Theological seminary of New York city.
He went into the confederate army as
captain of artillery; was afterward elect
ed major; and subsequently promoted to
lieutenant-colonel. He has traveled in
Europe; and is now a baptist clergyman
in Eufaula, Ala. The degree of D. D. was
conferred upon him by the university of
Alabama.
REEVES, HENRY A., lawyer, journal
ist, congressman, was born in 1833, in Sag
Harbor, N. Y. He graduated at Union
college. N. Y.. in
1852, taught school
for two years; stud
ied law. He came to
the bar in Brooklyn
in 1857; and in 1858
purchased the Re
publican Watchman,
published at Green-
port, L. I., and ed
ited the same. In
1861 he was arrested
by order of Secre
tary Seward and con
fined for fi\e weeks in Fort Lafayette
for alleged disloyalty. In 1868 he was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-first congress as a democrat.
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
779»
REEVES, MARION CALHOUN LE-
GARE, author, was born about 1854, in
Charleston, S. C. He is a novelist of
Washington, and the author of Ingemisco;
Randolph Honor; Sea Drift; A Little
Maid of Arcadie; Wearithorne; and with
Emily Read, Old Martin Boscawen's Jest;
and Pilot Fortune.
REEVES, REUBEN A., jurist, was born
Aug. 9, 1821, in Todd county, Ky. In
18S5 he was appointed one of. the supreme
judges in New Mexico.
REEVES, WALTER, educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 25, 1848,
near Brownsville, Pa. He removed to Illi
nois in 1856; in childhood lived on a
farm; became a teacher and then a law
yer; was admitted to the bar of the state
of Illinois in 1875; and was admitted to
the bar of the supreme court of the United
States in 1885. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth, and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress. In politics he is a re-,
publican. He devoted himself to internal
impro\ements of the country and espec
ially of the state of Illinois. The con
struction and completion of the Illinois
and Mississippi canal, and the improve
ment of the Chicago river at a total ex
penditure of about six and a half millions
of dollars by the general government were
part the results of his efforts.
REHAN, ADA, actress, was born April
22, 1859, in Ireland. She first appeared in
Newark, in the play Across the Conti
nent. Subsequently she acted at Mrs.
Drew's theater in Philadelphia. She be
came famous, as early as 1880, in the
character of Thelka, in The Passing Regi
ment. Her versatility of dramatic talent
is wonderful.
REHN, FRANK KNOX MORTON, art
ist, was born April 12, 1848, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was awarded in 1882 the
first prize for marine painting at the St.
Louis exposition; in 1885 the first prize
at the water color exhibition of the Amer
ican Art association, and in 1886 a gold
medal at the Prize fund exhibition. His
paintings include Looking Down on the
Sea from the Rocks at Magnolia, Mass.; A
Missing Vessel; Close of a Summer Day;
and Evening, Gloucester Harbor.
REICH, JACQUES, artist, was born
Aug. 10, 1852, in Hungary. In 1885 he
came to New York and made all the pen
and ink portraits for Scribner's Cyclo
paedia of Painters and Paintings, as well
as numerous others for periodicals. He
drew the portraits for Appleton's An
nual Cyclopaedia for 1886, 1887, and 1888.
Early in 1886 he began to execute the
sixteen hundred portraits for this work,
to which task he gave almost exclusive
attention till it was completed in Decem
ber, 1888.
REICHEL, WILLIAM CORNELIUS,
clergyman, educator, author, was born
May 9. 1742, in Salem, N. C. He was a
Mora\ ian clergyman and educator of
Bethlehem, Pa., among whose writings
are Moravianism in New York and Con
necticut; Memorials of the Moravian
Church; and A Red Rose from the Olden
Time. He died April 18, 1825, in Prussia.
REICHERT, EDWARD TYSON, physi
cian, educator, author, was born in 1855,
in Pennsylvania. He is a Philadelphia
physician and educator, professor of phys
iology in the university of Pennsylvania
from 1886, and was the author of A Text-
Book of Physiology.
REID. DAVID BOSWELL, chemist, au
thor, was born in 1805, in Scotland. He
•was a chemist who came to America in
1856, and was director of the medical in
spection of the United States sanitary
commission. He was the author of In
troduction to the Study of Chemistry;
Rudiments of Chemistry of Daily Lue;
and Ventilation for American Dwellings.
He died April 5, 1863, in Washington,
D. C.
REID, DAVID SETTLE, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman. United States
senator, governor, was born April 19, 1813,
in Hockingham county. N. C. He was
elected to the North Carolina state legis
lature in 1835, and served continuously
until 1842. In 1843 he was elected a rep-
resentatn e in congress from North Caro
lina; and was re-elected in 1845. In 1850
he was elected governor of North Caro
lina; and was re-elected in 1852, serving
until 1855, when he was elected a senator
in congress for four years.
REID, GEORGE L., author, poet. He is
a writer of Menasha, Wis., and the author
of a volume of poems entitled The
Heather Bell.
REID, HUGH THOMPSON, soldier,
lawyer, was born Oct. 18, 1811, in Union
county, Ind. In 1840-42 he was prosecut
ing attoiney for Lee, Des Moines, Henry,
Jefferson and Van Buren counties, Iowa,
holding high rank as a land lawyer. He
was president for four years of tne Des
Moines Valley railroad. He entered the
volunteer service as colonel of the fif
teenth Iowa infantry in 1861 ; and was ap
pointed brigadier-general in 1863. He died
Aug. 21, 1874, in Keokuk, Iowa.
REID, JAMES, college president, was
born in Canada. In 1890 he was elected
president of the college of Montana, which
position he still holds.
REID, JAMES MADISON, railroad pres
ident, was born April 10, 1849, in West
moreland county, Pa. He is president of
the Ursina and North Fork railway at
Connellsville, Ga.
REID, JAMES WESLEY, lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 11, 1849, in
Wentworth, N. C. He was elected county
treasurer of Rockingham county, N. C., in
1874; and was continuously re-elected un
til November, 1884. He was elected a
representathe from North Carolina to the
forty-ninth congress; and in January,
1855, at a special election, was elected to
the forty-eighth congress to fill a va
cancy.
REID, JOHN MORRISON, clergyman,
author, was born May 30, 1820, in New
York city. He is a methodist clergyman
and editor of religious journals who se
cured the library of Von Ranke for Syra
cuse university. He is the author of Mis
sions of the Methodist Church; and
Doomed Religions.
REID, JOHN W., soldier, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born June
14, 1821, in Lynchburg, Va. He settled in
Jackson county; served two sessions in
the Missouri legislature; and was elected
a representative from Missouri to the
thirty-seventh congress. He was ex
pelled from the house in December, 1861.
REID, MRS. MARY J., poet. She is a
writer of Alameda, Cal., and her poems
have appeared in the leading magazines
and journals of California.
REID, ROBERT, artist, was born July
29, 1863, in Stockbridge, Mass. He has at
tained a world wide reputation as a suc
cessful artist of New York.
REID, ROBERT RAYMOND, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, governor, was born
in 1789 in Beaufort District, S. C. He was
a representative in congress from Georgia
from 1818 to 1823, and was elected mayor
of Augusta on his retirement from con
gress. He was also a judge of the su
perior court of Georgia, and in 1832 was
appointed district judge for eastern Flor
ida. He was appointed governor of the-
territory of Florida from 1839 to 1841. He-
died July 1, 1841, near Tallahassee. Fia.
REID, SAMUEL CHESTER, lawyer, au
thor, was born Oct. 21, 1818, in New York
city. He is a lawyer of New Orleans, and
the author of The United States Bankrupt
Law of 1841; and The Battle of Chicka-
mauga.
REID, WHITELAW, journalist, author,
was born Oct. 27, 1837, in Xenia, Ohio.
He tar.y began to edit papers with great
success, and his abilities as a war corre
spondent, during the civil war, gave him
gicat distincticn. In 1869 he became man
aging editor of the New York Tribune.
He was the author of After the War. a
Southern Tour; Ohio in the War; Schools,
of Journalism; and Newspaper Tenden
cies.
REID, WILLIAM JAMES, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 17, 1834, in South
Argyle, N. Y. He is a united presbyterian
clergyman, pastor at Pittsburg from 1889,
and the author of Lectures on the Reve
lation; and United Presbyterianism.
REID. WILLIAM S., college president,
was born April 21, 1778, in Chester coun
ty, Pa. In 1806 he was elected president
of Hampden-Sidney college. He died
June 23, 1853.
REID, WILLIAM THOMAS, soldier,
educator, was born Nov. 8, 1842, in Jack
sonville, 111. He received his education at
Harvard college. During the war he
served as a soldier in the union army,
with the rank of sergeant, and was mus
tered out with recommendation as ma
jor. He has been headmaster of the high
school of Newport, R. I.; headmaster's as
sistant of the Boston Latin school; super
intendent Brookline schools; headmaster
boys' high school of San Francisco; head
master of the Belmont school, and presi
dent of the university of California. His'
administration was characterized by a
wisely conservative devotion to high edu
cational ideals; and after four years of
tireless industry, he resigned to carry out
a long-cherished plan of founding a school
which should do for the Pacific coast what
Rugby has done for England. In pursu
ance of this plan, he opened the Belmont
school of Belmont, Cal., in 1885, of which
he is still the head.
REILLY, JAMES B., lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 12, 1854, in Schuyl-
kill county, Pa. He was elected district
attorney in 1871, and served in that office
until 1875. In 1874 he was elected a rep
resentative from Pennsyh ania to the for
ty-fourth congress; was re-elected to the
forty-fifth congress. He also served in
the fifty-first, fifty-second and fifty-third
congresses as a democrat.
REILLY, JAMES W., soldier, was born
about 1842. He was made brigadier-gen-
eial of volunteers in 1864. In 1866 he was
assistant ordnance officer in the arsenal in
Washington, D. C., and he was afterward
assistant officer at Watervliet arsenal, N.
Y.
REILLY, JOHN, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 22, 1836, in Ab-
nerville, Pa. He was president of the
beard of city commissioners of Altoona
in 1867 and 1868; was president of the
Bell's Gap Railroad company during 1872
and 1873; and was also connected with
the manufacturing and mining interests of
the state. In 1874 he was elected a repre
sentative to the forty-fourth congress as a
democrat.
REILLY, WILSON, lawyer, congress
man. In 1857 he was elected a represen
tative in congress from Pennsylvania.
780
HEHRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
REILY, GEORGE WOLF, physician,
banker, was born March 31, 1834, in Har-
risburg, Pa. He received his education at
the Harrisburg academy, Yale college, and
the university of Pennsylvania. For
many years he practiced his profession,
which he devoted largely to charity
among the needy of the city. In 1871 he
was elected president of the Harrisburg
National bank. He has been president of
the Harrisburg Gas company, and a direc
tor in various business institutions. He
died Feb. 8, 1892, in Harrisburg, Pa.
REILY, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, was
born April 12, 1752, in England. He was
not a brilliant orator, but was a polished
writer, and left several manuscripts. He
published A Compendium for Pennsylva
nia Justices of the Peace, which was the
first work of its character printed in this
country. He died May 2, 1810, in Myers-
town, Pa.
REILY, LUTHER, congressman, was
1/orn in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1837 to 1839.
REILY, WILLIAM McCLELLAN, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born Aug.
S, 1837, in York, Pa. He is a German re
formed clergyman and educator of Allen-
town, Pa., president of the female college
there from 1888. He is the author of The
Artist and his Mission.
REIMENSNYDER, JUNIUS BENJA
MIN, clergyman, author, was born Feb.
24, 1841, in Staunton, Va. He is a luth-
eran clergyman of New York city from
1880; and the author of Heavenward;
Doom Eternal; Lutheran Literature: its
Distinctive Traits; Work and Personality
of Luther; Six Days of Creation; and
Lutheran Manual.
REINAGLE, HUGH, artist, was born
about 1790 in Philadelphia, Pa. For many
years he was engaged as a scene-painter
in New York, and produced also a pano
rama of New York, which was exhibited
in that city. He was one of the original
thirty members of the National Academy
of Design, and exhibited there, in 1831, a
View of the Falls of Mount Ida. His Mac-
donough's Victory on Lake Champlain
was engraved by Benjamin Tanner in
1810. He died May, 1834, in New Orleans,
La.
REINBERGER, IRVING, lawyer, was
born Jan. 31, 1860, in St. Louis, Mo. He
received a liberal education; and is now
one of the foremost lawyers of Arkansas
at Pine Bluff. He has been assistant
prosecuting attorney for the eleventh ju
dicial circuit of Arkansas; and has filled
various. other public positions of trust.
REINHART, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
artist, was born Aug. 29, 1829, in Waynes-
burg, Pa. Among his works, many of
which have been engraved, are Cleopatra;
Evangeline; Pocahontas; Katrina Van
Tassel; Washington Receiving the News of
Arnold's Treason; Consolation; After the
Crucifixion; Nymphs of the Wood; Young
Franklin and Sir William Keith; The Re
gatta; The Pride of the Village; Cap
tain Kidd and the Governor; and Baby
Mine. He died May 3, 1885, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
REINHART, CHARLES STANLEY, ar
tist, was born May 16, 1844, in Pittsburg.
Pa. Hi' is well known for his excellent
work in black and white for book and
magazine illustration. His works in oil
include Clearing Up; Caught Napping;
Reconnoitring; Rebuke; September
Morning; Old Life Boats; Coast of Nor
mandy; In a Garden; Mussel Fisherwo-
man; Flats at Villerville; Sunday; Eng
lish Garden; and Washed Ashore.
REINHART, JOSEPH W., railroad
president, was born Sept. 17, 1851, in
Pittsburg, Pa. As general auditor and
vice-president of the
company, he formu
lated, in 1889, the
plan for financial re
organization of The
Atchison.Topeka and
Santa Fe railroad,
and carried it out
with such success
that the company,
recognizing his sa
gacity and foresight.
advanced him
through different
stages to the presidency in 1893. He is
now president of the Gulf, Colorado and
Santa Fe, the St. Louis, Kansas City and
C'olorado, the Atlantic and Pacific, the
Colorado Midland, the Wichita and West
ern, the Southern California, the New
Mexico and Arizona, and the Sonora rail
roads.
RELF, SAMUEL, journalist, was born
March 22, 1776, in Virginia. He became
connected with the National Gazette in
Philadelphia, Pa., of which he was for
many years the editor and its owner. He
died Feb. 14, 1823, in Virginia.
RELFE, JAMES H., congressman, was
born in Virginia. He settled in Missouri;
and was elected a representative in con
gress from that state from 1843 to 1847.
REMEY, GEORGE C., naval officer.
After the end of the civil war he was
made a lieutenant commander, and later
served in numerous posts of the navy on
land and on sea. In 1885 he was made a
captain, and in the same year was placed
in command of the Charleston squadron
of evolution. He is an able officer, and
has handled the affairs of war at Key
West to the entire satisfaction of the au
thorities.
REMINGTON, MRS. ALICE M., poet,
was born Nov. 6, 1852, in Brookville, Pa.
She is the author of a number of poems.
REMINGTON, FREDERIC, author, ar
tist, was born in 1861 in New York. He
is a popular artist and illustrator, whose
work in the main reflects the life of the
far west. He is the author of Pony
Tracks.
REMINGTON, HENRY WILLIAMS,
merchant, lawyer, legislator, was born
Aug. 9,1823, in Lorain county, Ohio. He has
been prosecuting at-
' torney; chairman of
town board of super-
: visors; a member of
the Wisconsin state
legislature; p r e s i-
• dent of the Wiscon-
^Bi ^ j sin Valley railroad;
appraiser of school
and university lands
for the state of Wis
consin in 1851; and
has been a successful
lawyer, farmer, mer
chant and railroad builder. He has done
much work in land surveying for the state
of Wisconsin and for private individuals.
He is best known as a writer and speaker
on political and judicial questions. In
1854 he set in motion at Madison, Wis., a
movement which resulted in closing sa
loons on election and other public days
in Wisconsin, which movement has since
spread to other states.
REMINGTON, JOSEPH PRICE, educa
tor, author, was born March 26, 1847, in
Philadelphia. He is a professor of phar
macy in the Philadelphia college of Phar
macy from 1874; and the author of The
Practice of Pharmacy.
' •-•
REMINGTON, PHILO, inventor, was
born Oct. 31, 1816, in Litchfield, N. Y.
With his brothers, Samuel and Eliphalet,
the firm of E. Remington and Sons was
established, and for upward of twenty-
five years he continued in charge of the
mechanical department. In 1886 the Rem
ingtons disposed of their type-writing-ma
chine manufacturing business, and soon
afterward the firm of E. Remington and
Sons went into liquidation. Since then
Mr. Remington has lived in retirement.
Philo Remington was for nearly twenty
years president of the village of Ilion,
and with his brother has given Syracuse
university sums aggregating $250,000.
REMINGTON, STEPHEN, missionary,
author, was born May 16, 1803, in Bedford,
N. Y. He was a baptist minister, but
prior to 1845 a preacher of the methodist
faith; and the author of Reasons for Be
coming a Baptist; and A Defence of Re
stricted Communion. He died March 23,
•1869, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
REMSEN, IRA, chemist, educator, au
thor, was born Feb. 10, 1846, in New York
city. He is an eminent chemist, profes
sor of chemistry at Johns Hopkins univer
sity from 1876; and the author of Chemi-
ical Experiments.
RENCHER, ABRAHAM, lawyer, con
gressman, governor, was born in Wake
county. N. C. He was elected to congress
from North Carolina, where he served
from 1829 to 1839, and again from 1841 to
1843. He was charge d' affaires to Portu
gal in 1843; and was appointed, by Presi
dent Buchanan, governor of the territory
of New Mexico.
RENO, CONRAD, lawyer, author, was
born in 1859 in Alabama. He is a lawyer
of Boston; and the author of Employers'
Liability Act.
RENO, JESSE LEE, soldier, was born
June 20, 1823, in Wheeling, W. Va. In
1846 he graduated from West Point;
served in the Mexi
can war; and re
ceived two brevets
for gallantry. In
1861 he was commis
sioned a brigadier-
general, and the fol
lowing year became
a major-general of
volunteers. He led a
brigade under Gen.
Burnside in the tak
ing of Roanoke
Island; repelled the
confederates under General Lee; and was
killed in action on the evening of Sept. 14,
1862.
RENWICK, EDWARD SABINE, expert,
was born Jan. 3, 1823, in New York city.
Since 1849 he has been engaged mainly as
an expert in the trials of patent cases in
the United States courts. In 1862, in con
nection with his brother, Henry B. Ren-
wick, he devised methods for the repair of
the steamer Great Eastern while afloat,
and successfully accomplished it, replat-
ing a fracture in the bilge 82 feet long and
about 10 feet broad at the widest place.
RENWICK, JAMES, scientist, educator,
author, was born May 30, 1790, in Eng
land. He was a prominent scientist of
New York city, and professor of natural
and experimental philosophy and chemis
try at Columbia college from 1820 to 1853.
He was the author of Lives of Ritten-
house, Fulton, Count Rumford. in
Sparks's American Biography; Outlines of
Natural Philosophy: Treatise on the
Steam Engine; Elements of Mechanics;
and Lives of Jay, Hamilton. De Witt Clin
ton. He died Jan. 12, 1863, in New York.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
781
RENWICK, JAMES, architect, was born
Nov. 3, 1818, in New York city. He de
signed St. Bartholomew's church and the
Church of the Covenant of New York city.
REPPLIER, AGNES, essayist, author,
was born in 1855 in Pennsylvania. She is
a popular essayist of Philadelphia; and
the author of Books and Men; points of
View; In the Dozy Hours, and Other Pa
pers; Essays in Idleness; Essays in Mini
ature; and Varia.
RE QUA, HARRIET W., missionary,
poet, was born in Arcade, N. Y. She is
the author of two volumes of poems en
titled Stones for the Temple; and Ziona
the Bride of the King.
REQUA, ISAAC LAWRENCE, mining
engineer, was born Nov. 22, 1828, in Tar-
rytown, N. Y. He was for twenty years
chairman of the republican state commit
tee, and was tendered the nomination for
governor, which he felt obliged to decline.
He is president of the Central Pacific rail
road, the Eureka and Palisade railway,
and the Oakland bank of savings in Oak
land, Cal.
REQUIER, AUGUSTUS JULIAN, law
yer, author, was born May 27, 1825 in
Charleston, S. C. He was a lawyer of
Mobile prior to the civil war, and subse
quently of New York city. He was the
author of The Old Sanctuary, a romance;
Poems; and the dramas, Marco Bozzaris-
and The Spanish Exile. He died March
19, 1887, in New York city.
REUL1NG, GEORGE, physician, educa
tor, inventor, author, was born Nov 11
1S39, in Germany. He has invented a
microtome for microscopical sections, and
a ring-shaped silver-sling for the extrac
tion of cataract within the capsule. He
lias written on Detachment of the Choroid
after Extraction of Cataract; Extraction
of Cataract within the Capsule; and De
struction of a Cyst of the Iris by Galvano-
Cautery.
REVEAL, WILLIAM O., farmer, public
official, was born Jan. 1, I860, in Broad
Ripple, Ind. He is a successful farmer
near Indianapolis, Ind.; has been county
commissioner; and is a fluent speaker on
agricultural and political topics
REVELS, HIRAM R., clergyman,
uted btates senator, was born Sept 1
1S22, in Fayetteville, N. C. He settled at
JNatchez, Miss.; was chosen a member of
the city council; and was a senator in con
gress from Mississippi from 1870 to 1871
REVERE, JOSEPH WARREN, soldier'
author, was born May 17, 1812, in Boston'
Mass. He was an officer in the federal
army during the civil war; and the au
thor of Keel and Saddle; and Retrospect
of Forty Years' Military Service (1872)
He died April 20, 1880, in Hoboken N j'
REVERE, PAUL, patriot, engraver, was
born Jan. 1, 1735, in Boston, Mass. He
was one of the noted Boston tea party
and is famous for his midnight-ride
through the county of Middlesex, to give
notice of the intended attack of Gen Gage
The town of North Chelsea, Mass., was
named Revere in his honor in 1871 He
died May 10, 1818, in Boston, Mass'
REVERE, PAUL JOSEPH, soldier was
born Sept. 10, 1832, in Boston Mass.' He
was brevetted brigadier-general of volun
teers for bravery at Gettysburg, where he
received a fatal wound in the second day's
battle. He died July 4, 1863 in West
minster, Md.
REXDALE, ROBERT (pseud.), journal
ist, author, poet, was born in 1859 in
Maine. He was a journalist and poet of
Portland, Maine; and the author of Drift
ing Songs and Sketches; Saved by the
Sword, a novel; and The Cuban Liber
ated.
REXFORD, EBEN EUGENE, poet, au
thor, was born July 16, 1848, in Johns-
burg, N. Y. He is a popular poet and
song writer of Shiocton, Wis., whose
poem Silver Threads Among the Gold has
been set to music and widely sung. He is
the author of Brother and Lover; Grand
mother's Garden; and John Fielding and
His Enemy.
REYBURN, JOHN EDGAR, lawyer, leg
islator, was born Feb. 7, 1845, in New Car
lisle, Ohio. He was educated by private
tutor and at Saunders institute, West
Philadelphia; studied law and was admit
ted to the bar in Philadelphia in 1870
He was a member of the house of repre
sentatives of Pennsylvania, sessions of
1871, 1874, 1875, and 1876; and was elect
ed a member of the senate of Pennsyl
vania for a term of four years from 1876-
and re-elected in 1880. He was elected
president pro tempore for the session of
1883; and was re-elected senator in 1884
and again elected in 1888 for a term of
four years. He was elected as a republic
an to fill the unexpired term of Hon
William D. Kelley in the fifty-first con
gress in 1890, and was elected to the fifty-
second and fifty-third congresses and re-
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
REYNOLDS, CHARLES BUTLER, edu
cator, was born in South East, N. Y. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the public schools and graduated from
the Illinois Wesleyan university. He has
filled important positions; for sixteen
years was superintendent of city schools
of Clinton, Mo.; and is now principal
and superintendent of city schools in
Kansas City, Mo.
REYNOLDS, DANIEL H., soldier, law
yer, state senator, was born Dec. 14 1832
in Centreburg, Ohio. In 1861 he was elect
ed captain of a company for service in
the confederate army, and was promoted
brigadier-general in 1864. He was state
senator in Arkansas in 1866-67.
REYNOLDS, ELMER ROBERT, ethnol
ogist, author, was born July 30, 1846 in
Dansville, N. Y. He is an ethnologist in
the United States civil service from 1877-
and the author of A Scientific Visit to the
Caverns of Luray; Shell Mounds, etc., of
the Choptank Indians; and Aboriginal
Soapstone Quarries in the District of Col
umbia.
REYNOLDS, FRANCES, journalist
poet, was born Dec. 4, 1853, in Mt. Carmel
111. Since the death of her husband she
has been the editor and owner of The
Gazette of Mariposa, Cal. She is also
the author of a volume of poems.
REYNOLDS, GIDEON, congressman
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1847 to 1851.
REYNOLDS, J. MASON, poet. He was
a journalist of Grand Rapids, Mich.; and
the author of a volume of poems.
REYNOLDS, JAMES B., congressman.
He was a representative In congress from
Tennessee from 1815 to 1817, and again
from 1823 to 1825.
REYNOLDS, JOHN, soldier, lawyer
jurist, state legislator, congressman au
thor, was born Feb. 26, 1789, in Mont
gomery county, Pa. He was a justice of
the supreme court of Illinois in 1818 He
was a member of the legislature from
826-30, 1846-48, 1852-54; and served dur
ing the last term as speaker. He was
governor of Illinois from 1830 to 1834;
commanded the Illinois volunteers dur
ing the Black Hawk war in 1832; and was
a representative in congress from 1835
to 1837, and from 1839 to 1843. He pub
lished Pioneer History of Illinois; Glance
at the Crystal Palace, and Sketches of
Travel; My Life and Times; and at one
time conducted the Belleville Eagle a
daily paper. He died May 8, 1865 ' in
Belleville, 111.
REYNOLDS, JOHN H., lawyer jurist
congressman, was born June 21, 1819 in
Morean, N. Y. In 1853 he was appointed
postmaster at Albany, N. Y.; and in 1858
was elected a representative from New
York to the thirty-sixth congress. He was
subsequently appointed a judge of the
court of appeals of New York; and also a
o?m,m|?sioner of aPPeals. He died Sept.
24, 1875, in Kinderhook.
REYNOLDS, JOHN PARKER, agricult
urist, journalist, was born March 1 1820
m Lebanon, Ohio. In 1868 he removed to
Chicago, and the next year he became first
iitor of the National Live Stock Journal
REYNOLDS, JOSEPH, state legislator
congressman, was born in. New York'
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1835 to 1837; and also
served in the assembly of that state in
REYNOLDS, JOSEPH SMITH, soldier
lawyer, was born Dec. 3, 1839 in New
Lenox, m. He took part in seventeen
, was wounded three times and
for gallant and meritorious service was
promoted to a captaincy, subsequently to
colonel; and in 1865 was brevetted brig
adier-general of volunteers. He has been
elected as representative and senator to
the Illinois legislature, and was a com
missioner from Illinois to the universal
exposition at Vienna in 1873.
REYNOLDS, ROBERT J., legislator
governor, was born March 17, 1838 in
Smyrna, Del. In 1868 he was elected to
the Delaware gener
al assembly; was
elected state treas
urer in 1869, and re-
elected to the same
office in 1871. He
was chairman of the
democratic state
central committee;
and chairman of the
state committee in
numerous cam
paigns. On Jan. 20,
1891, he was inau
gurated governor of Delaware; and for
four years filled that office with distinc
tion. Governor Reynolds has been in
politics for over thirty years, and has
never lost a political battle. Since 1861
he has principally been engaged in farm
ing near Petersburg, Del.; has extensive
peach orchards, and is a successful farmer
and fruit grower.
REYNOLDS, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, governor, was born March
12, 1796, in Bracken county, Ky. He set
tled in Illinois; was elected a representa
tive in the legislature and made speaker;
and was attorney-general of the state.
He was judge of the supreme court. In
1828 he moved to Missouri, where he was
a member of the state legislature; presi
dent judge of a court of justice; and was
governor of Missouri from 1840 to 1844
He died Feb. 9, 1844, in Jefferson City, Mo.
REYNOLDS, WILLIAM, soldier, was
Lorn Dec. 18, 1815, in Lancaster, Pa. -In
1873 he was appointed rear-admiral In
the United States navy. He died Nov. 5
1879, in Washington.
REYNOLDS, WILLIAM H., farmer, leg
islator, was born in Polk county, Fla. He
is a successful farmer of Lakeland, Fla.;
was elected to the Florida state senate,
and was made president of that body. He
has been a presidential elector; and is
now state comptroller of Florida.
HERRINOSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
REYNOLDS, WILLIAM H., legislator,
was born Feb. 28, 1868, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
He has served as assemblyman and sen
ator in the New York state legislature.
REYNOLDS, WILLIAM MORTON, cler
gyman, author, was born March 4, 1812, in
Fayette county. Pa. He, was the author of
Discourse on the Swedish Churches. He
translated from the Swedish of Israel
Acrelius, A History of New Sweden, with
introduction and notes. He died Sept. 5,
1876, in Oak Park, 111.
RHEA, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Tennessee
from 1803 to 1815, and from 1817 to 1823.
In 1816 he was appointed United States
commissioner to treat with the Choctaws.
He died May 27, 1832.
RHEA, JOHN S., lawyer, congressman,
was born March 9, 1855, in Russellville,
Ky. He was elected prosecuting attorney
for Logan county, Ky., in 1878, and again
elected in 1882. He was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democratic-popu
list.
RHEES, WILLIAM JONES, author,
was born March 13, 1830, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is the chief clerk of the Smith
sonian institution from 1852, who has
published, among other works, The Smith
sonian Institution; and James Smithson
and His Bequest.
RHETT, ROBERT BARNWELL, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, United
States senator, was born Dec. 24, 1800, in
Beaufort, S. C. In 1826 he was elected to
the South Carolina state legislature; and
in 1832 was elected attorney-general of
South Carolina. He was a representative
in congress from 1838 to 1849; and was a
senator in congress during the years 1850,
1851, and a part of 1852. He died Sept. 14,
1876, in Saint James parish, La.
RHIND, ALEXANDER GOLDEN, na\al
officer, was born Oct. 31, 1821, in New
York city. He served in the United States
navy during the civil war; attaining the
rank of rear-admiral.
RHINE, ALICE HYNEMAN, author,
was born Jan. 31, 1840, in Philadelphia,
Pa. She is a daughter of Leon Hyne-
man, and has gained a reputation as a
writer of prose and verse for the periodi
cal press. She has contributed numerous
articles to the Popular Science Monthly,
the North American Review, and the
Forum, and has edited an illustrated work
•on Niagara.
RHOADS, JAMES E., physician, col
lege president, philanthropist. He was a
religious teacher and the organizer of
schools among the negroes of the south
and the Indians. He was the first presi
dent of Bryn Mawr college, and filled that
position during 1885-94. He died Jan. 2,
1895, in Bryn Mawr, Pa.
RHOADS, THOMAS J. B., physician,
surgeon, merchant, banker, poet, was born
Sept. 26, 1837, in Berks county, Pa. He
received a thorough
education, and for
many years was en
gaged in educational
work. He prosecut
ed his studies and
subsequently entered
the Medical college
of Philadelphia, from
which institution he
graduated in 1861.
In 1862 he was com
missioned as assist
ant surgeon of the
one hundred and sixty-ninth regiment
Pennsylvania volunteer infantry. Togeth
er with his brother, Reuben, he had charge
of the forces at Fort Keys and the hospi
tal on the point. In the spring of 1863 Dr.
Rhoads moved with his regiment and
remained with it as acting assistant sur
geon until it was mustered out of the
service. After the war he settled down to
the practice of his profession at Boyer-
town, Pa. In 1883 he organized the Farm
er's National bank of Boyertown, and has
ever since been its president. He is
also a successful merchant; takes an
active part in public affairs; and con
tributes both prose and verse to current
literature.
, JESSE C., soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born Aug. 11, 1831, in
Chester county, Pa. He received his ed
ucation in Granville, Ohio; and is now a
prominent lawyer of Council Bluffs, Iowa.
He served as a union soldier during the
civil war, and was promoted to captain.
He has always taken an active part in
public affairs; has been judge of the dis
trict court; and has filled with distinction
various public offices of trust. He has also
contributed literary articles on various
topics to current literature.
RHODERICK, GEORGE CARLTON, ed
itor, poet, was born Feb. 19, 1861, in Mid-
dletown, Md. He is the local and news
editor of The Valley
Register of Middle-
town, Md., of which
his father has been
editor and proprietor
for forty-four years,
it having been estab
lished in 1844; cor
respondent for a
number of metropol
itan dailies; and
manager of the
Western Union Tele
graph office. For
many years he published a humorous pub
lication; has written a number of meri
torious poems, some of which have been
given a place in Poets of America and
other standard works.
RHODES, ALBERT, author, was born
Feb. 1, 1840, in Pittsburg, Pa. He is a
writer who was successively United States
consul at Jerusalem, Rotterdam, Rouen,
and Elberstadt, and since 1885 has been a
resident of Paris. He is the author of
Jerusalem as It Is; The French at Home;
and Monsieur at Home.
RHODES, JAMES FORD, author, was
born in 1848. He is a historian of Boston;
and the author of History of the United
States from the Compromise of 1850.
RHODES, JOHN HENRY, soldier, law
yer, educator, was born Feb. 8, 1836, in
Morrow county, Ohio. He served as a
soldier during the civil war, and was
mustered out in 1865 as lieutenant-col
onel. During 1886-87 he was a member
of the Ohio state legislature. He moved
to Clyde, Ohio, in 1869, where he has been
engaged in the practice of law since 1870.
RHODES, MOSHEIM, clergyman, au
thor, was born April 14, 1837, in Wil-
liamsburg, Pa. He is a Lutheran clergy
man of St. Louis from 1874; and the au
thor of Life Thoughts for Young Men;
Life Thoughts for Young Women; Recog
nition in Heaven; Vital Questions; The
Throne of Grace; and Expository Lec
tures on Philippians.
RHODES, ROBERT LEWIS, educator,
business man, was born Nov. 4, 1837, in
Hephzibah, Ga. For many years he was
a school teacher; and during the civil
war was a conductor for mail trains. For
the past ten years he has been postmaster
of his native village; where he is a suc
cessful farmer, real estate agent, and takes
an active part in the public affairs of his
county and state.
RHODES, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
continental congress from 1774 to 1775.
RHODES, WILLIAM HENRY, poet,
was born July 16, 1822, in Bertie county,
N. C. He was the author of The Indian
Gallows, anu Other Poems; and of a
volume called Caxton's Book. He died in
1852.
RIBBLE, WILLIAM, farmer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Oct. 10, 1819, in
Montgomery county, Va. In 1843 he was
elected justice of the peace, and some
time afterward was appointed major of
the Indiana state militia. He was elected
to the Indiana legislature.
RICAUD, JAMES BARROLL, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born Feb. 11, 1808, in Baltimore, Md.
He was a member of the house of dele
gates of Maryland in 1834; and of the
state senate of Maryland from 1836 to
1844. He was a presidential elector in
1836 and 1844; and was a representative
in the thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth con
gresses. He was appointed judge of the
circuit court. He died Jan. 26, 1866, in
Chestertown, Md.
RICE, ALEXANDER HAMILTON,
manufacturer, congressman, governor,
was born Aug. 30, 1818, in Newton, Mass.
In 1853 he was elected to the common
council of Boston, and became the presi
dent of that body; and was mayor of
Boston in 1856 and 1857. He was elected
a representative from Massachusetts t'o
the thirty-sixth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth and thirty-ninth congresses. He
was subsequently elected mayor of Bos
ton; and was governor of Massachusetts
from 1876 to 1879.
RICE, ALLEN THORNDIKE, journal
ist, author, was born June 1, 1853, in Bos
ton, Mass. He organized in 1879 and sub
sequently directed what is popularly
known as the Charnay expedition, which
was despatched under the joint auspices
of the United States and France, to in
vestigate systematically the remains of
ancient civilization in Central America
and Mexico. He edited Reminiscences of
Abraham Lincoln; and contributed to
Ancient Cities of the New World. He died
May 16, 1889, in New York city.
RICE, ALONZO E., lawyer, legislator,
was born May 6, 1857, in Fayette county,
111. He received the rudiments of his edu
cation in the public schools, and attended
the Central university of Pella, Iowa. In
1884 he was a surveyor in Holt county,
Neb.; and during 1885-86 he served as a
representative in the lower house of the
Nebraska legislature. He is a successful
lawyer of Centralia, Wash.; was city at
torney in 1892; and during 1893-94 was
prosecuting attorney for Lewis county.
RICE, AMERICUS VESPUCIUS, sol
dier, banker, congressman, was horn Nov.
18, 1835, in Perryville, Ohio. He served
in the war for the union from 1861 to 1865
entering as a private and coming out as
a brigadier-general. In 1868 he became
manager of a banking house in Ottawa,
Ohio; and in 1874 was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-fourth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
fifth congress.
RICE, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, sol
dier, lawyer, United States senator, was
born May 26, 1828, in East Otto, N. Y.
He was elected to the Kentucky state leg
islature in 1865; and was a presidential
elector in 1856. After the war he settled
in Little Rock, Ark., and organized the
republican party in that state. In 1868 he
was elected a senator in congress from
Arkansas, for the term ending in 1873.
HKHR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
783
RICE, DAVID HALL, lawyer, author,
was born in 1841 in Massachusetts. He is
a lawyer of Boston, living in Brookline,
Mass.; and the author of Protective Phi
losophy; and Digest of Decisions of Com
missioner of Patents, 1869-80.
RICE, EDMUND, soldier, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 14,
1819, in Waitsfield, Vt. He moved to St.
Paul in 1849, and practiced law till 1856.
He was president of the Minnesota and
Pacific Railroad company from 1857 till
1863; St. Paul and Pacific railroad 1863
till 1872, and trustee till 1879; and presi
dent St. Paul and Chicago 1863 till 1877.
He was a member of the territorial legis
lature 1851; and was state senator 1864-
66, 1874-76. He was a member of the state
house of representatives 1867, 1872, 1877,
and 1878; was mayor of St. Paul 1881-83;
and re-elected in 1885. He was elected to
the fiftieth congress as a democrat.
RICE, EDWARD Y., lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born Feb. 8,
1820, in Logan county, Ky. In 1847 he
was elected county recorder of Montgom
ery county, 111.; was a member of the leg
islature in 1849; and was elected judge
of Montgomery county, and served two
years. He was appointed master in
chancery from 1853 until 1857, when he
was elected judge of the eighteenth circuit
of Illinois; and was re-elected in 1861,
and in 1867. He was a member of the
constitutional convention of Illinois in
1869; and was elected to the forty-second
congress as a democrat.
RICE, EDWIN WILBUR, clergyman,
editor, author, was born July 24, 1831,
near Gloversville, N. Y. He received a
thorough education at the Kingsboro
academy and the academy of Little Falls,
N. Y. He studied theology at the Union
Theological seminary of New York city,
and was ordained in 1860 at La Crosse,
Wis., where he had previously been en
gaged in educational work. He has been
the editor-in-chief of the American Sun
day School union since 1878. He had
served as a missionary of the union in the
northwest, as superintendent of an im
portant district, and as assistant secre
tary of missionary work. He knew by
personal observation what teachers and
pupils needed, and few men could have
met the need so ably. The Scholars'
Handbook; the Lesson Leaves; and the
first Sunday School Quarterly ever issued,
besides fifteen exhaustive works of larger
scope, two of which we have already
mentioned, are evidences of his devotion
and capacity in service.
RICE, FRANK, lawyer, legislator, jur
ist, was born Jan. 15, 1845, in Seneca,
N. Y. He is a successful lawyer of Canan-
daigua, N. Y.; has been a member of
the New York state assembly; county
judge; and secretary of «tate of the state
of New York.
RICE, FRANK P., capitalist, state sen
ator, was born Oct. 28, 1838, in Clare-
mont, N. H. In 1882 he was a member of
the Georgia state senate; and was a
member of the state legislature for sev
eral terms.
RICE, FRANK S., lawyer, author, was
born Feb. 3, 1850, in Elmira, N. Y. He is
the author of a book entitled Civil and
Criminal Evidence; and Annotation Code
of Civil Procedure.
RICE, GEORGE EDWARD, poet, was
born July 10, 1822, in Boston, Mass. He
was a verse-writer of Boston; and the
author of Ephemeral; Nugamenta; and
A New Play in an Old Garb, a fanciful
adaptation of Hamlet. He died Aug. 10,
1861, in Roxbury, Mass.
RICE, HARVEY, lawyer, author, poet,
was born in June, 1800, in Conway Mas-
sell, Mass. He was a prominent lawyer
of Cleveland; and
the author of Mount
Vernon, and Other
Poems; Select Po
ems; Nature and
Culture; Pioneers
of the Western Re
serve; Sketches of
Western Life; and
The Founder of the
City of Cleveland.
Besides the publica
tion of these works,
he contributed valu
able articles and poems to the leading
newspapers and magazines of the United
States. He died in 1891 in Cleveland,
Ohio.
RICE, HENRY MOWER, surveyor, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Nov. 29, 1816, in Waitsfield, Vt. In
1853 he was elected a delegate to con
gress from Minnesota; and was re-elected
in 1855. In 1857 he was elected a senator
in congress from Minnesota for the term
of six years.
RICE, ISAAC LEOPOLD, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1850 in Bavaria. He is
a lawyer of New York city who has writ
ten What Is Music?
RICE, JAMES CLAY, soldier, was born
Dec. 27, 1829, in Worthington, Mass. He
served through the civil war, attaining
for gallant and meritorious services the
rank of brigadier-general. He died May
11, 1864, in Spottsylvania, Va.
RICE, JAMES MONTGOMERY, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born March 8,
1842, in Monmouth, 111. In 1887 he set
tled in Peoria, 111., where he has since
been engaged in the practice of law.
He served one term in the Illinois state
legislature during 1871-72. He is the au
thor of a Range Manual, now adopted and
used in five states for the national guards
as an authority; and also Small Arms
Practice for the National Guards. He is
the inventor and patentee of a practical
moving target, used with great success
by both the regular troops and the na
tional guards.
RICE, JOHN ANDREW, clergyman, col
lege president, was born Sept. 25, 1867, in
Colleton county, S. C. This eminent
methodist episcopal clergyman was elect
ed president of the Columbia Female col
lege, South Carolina, in 1894.
RICE, JOHN B., soldier, physician, sur
geon, congressman, was born at Fremont,
Ohio. He adopted the medical profession;
served in the union army as assistant sur
geon, surgeon, and surgeon-in-chief of a
division during the war of the rebellion;
and was elected a representative from
Ohio to the forty-seventh congress as a
republican.
RICE, JOHN B., librarian, congressman,
was born in 1809 in Easton, Md. He was
elected mayor of Chicago in 1865; and re-
elected in 1867. He was elected to the
forty-third congress; and was appointed
librarian of the house of representatives.
He died Dec. 17, 1874, in Norfolk, Va.
RICE, JOHN H., merchant, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 5, 1816, in Mount
Vernon, Ky. In 1852 he was elected a
state attorney for three years; was re-
elected, and held the office until he was
chosen a representative from Maine to the
thirty-seventh congress. He was re-elect
ed to the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth
congresses.
RICE, JOHN HOLT, educator, author,
was born Nov. 23, 1777, in New London,
Va. In 1822 he filled the chair of theology
in Hampden-Sidney college, which posi
tion he filled until his death. He was the
author of a work entitled Historical and
Philosophical Considerations on Religion.
He died Sept. 3, 1831.
RICE, JOHN M., state legislator, con
gressman, was born in Floyd county, Ky.
He served in the legislature of Kentucky
in 1859 and 1867; and was elected a repre
sentative from Kentucky to the forty-first
congress, and was re-elected to the forty-
second congress as a democrat.
RICE, LUTHER, clergyman, mission
ary, philanthropist, was born March 25,
1783, in Northborough, Mass. He attained
prominence as an eminent clergyman of
the congregational church; was a mis
sionary in India; and it was mainly
through his influence and efforts that the
Columbian university of Washington,
D. C., was established. He died Sept. 25,
1836, in Edgefield, S. C.
RICE, MARTIN HENRY, clergyman,
journalist, was Born Oct. 4, 1829, in Ja
maica, Vt. He always took a deep in
terest in Masonry,
and has lectured ex
tensively on that
subject. He has been
grand master; grand
high priest and il
lustrious grand mas
ter of Masons in In
diana. He is best
known as the editor
of the Masonic Ad
vocate, on which for
a quarter of a cen
tury his time and
talents, his pen and brain, have been ac
tively employed in spreading true Masonic
light and knowledge to his uninformed
brethren.
RICE, NATHAN LEWIS, clergyman,
author, was born Dec. 29, 1807, in Garrard
county, Ky. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman of note who held pastorates in St.
Louis, Cincinnati and New York city, and
was an active controversialist. He was
the author of Romanism the Enemy of
Free Institutions; The Signs of the Times;
Baptism; The Pulpit; and Discourses.
He died June 11, 1877, in Chatham, Ky.
RICE, ROSELLA, author, was born
Aug. 11, 1827, in Perrysville, Ohio. She
published a novel entitled Mabel, or Heart
Histories. In 1871-72 she contributed,
under the pen-name of Pipsissiway Potts,
a serial entitled Other People's Windows,
to Timothy S. Arthur's Home Magazine.
RICE, SAMUEL ALLEN, soldier, law
yer, was born Jan. 27, 1828, in Penn Yan,
N. Y. In 1856 he was chosen attorney-
general of Iowa, and in 1858 he was con
tinued in that office for a second term.
He entered the national army as colonel
of the thirty-third Iowa volunteers, his
commission dating from Aug. 10, 1862.
For bravery at Helena, Ark., he was pro
moted brigadier-general of volunteers.
He died July 6, 1864, in Oskaloosa, Iowa.
RICE, THERON M., soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Sept. 21, 1829,
in Mecca, Ohio. In 1858 he moved to Mis
souri; served in the union army during
the war of the rebellion, rising to the rank
of colonel. At the close of the war he
resumed the practice of law at Tipton,
Mo.; and was elected circuit judge in
1868, and served six years. He was elected
a representative from Missouri to the
forty-seventh congress.
RICE, THOMAS, lawyer, congressman.
He was a representative in the state legis
lature in 1813; and was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts from 1815
to 1819. He died in 1854.
784
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RICE, THOMAS D., actor, was born
May 20, 1808, in New York city. About
1832 he began his career in negro min
strelsy at the Pittsburg and Louisville
theaters with success, repeating his per
formances in the eastern cities for sev
eral years to crowded houses. For a short
time in 1858 he was with Wood's min
strels, where his name stood for the shad
ow of an attraction. He died Sept. 19,
1860, in New York city.
RICE, VICTOR MOREAU, educator,
was born April 5, 1818, in Mayville, N. Y.
The New York legislature having created
a department of public instruction in
1854, he was elected the first state super
intendent for three years. He was thrice
re-elected, filling the office till 1866. He
died Oct. 17, 1869, in Oneida, N. Y.
RICE, VIETTS LYSANDER, engineer,
inventor, was born in 1844 in Windsor, Vt.
He is manager of Filer, Stowell and
Company; and of the North Star Iron
works of Minneapolis. His inventions are
the Narod ore pulverizer, the gravity mill
and the granulating mill. He is also
president of the American Ore Machinery
company of New York city.
RICE, WILLARD MARTIN, clergyman,
author, was born April 30, 1817, in Low-
ville, N. Y. Since 1876 he has devoted
himself entirely to the work of the pres-
byterian board of publication. He has
prepared Westminster Question Book;
Lesson Leaf; and the Quarterly.
RICE, WILLIAM, educator, clergyman,
was born March 10, 1821, in Springfield,
Mass. He graduated from the Wesleyan
academj <H \\"ilbi-:i
ham, Mass.; and dur-
,.fr^ ing 1841-97 he was
a successful clergy-
/• 4K man in the metho-
dist episcopal
church. His pastor
ates were chiefly in
Boston and vicinity.
During 1861-97 he
was also librarian of
the Springfield city
library; and for
eighteen years was a
member of the Massachusetts state board
of education. He died Aug. 17, 1897, in
Springfield, Mass.
RICE, WILLIAM E., lawyer, legislator,
was born Nov. 28, 1852, near Albion, N. Y.
He graduated from the Michigan State
Normal school, and for several years was
engaged in educational work. In 1883 he
was admitted to the bar, and is now a
successful lawyer and fruit grower of
Rogers City, Mich. In 1888-89 he was
prosecuting attorney of Presque Isle
county, and was again elected to that
office in 1896. In 1895-96 he served with
distinction as a representative in the
Michigan state legislature, and was on
several important committees. He died
in January, 1898.
RICE, WILLIAM J., lawyer, journalist,
was born July 3, 1864, in Carter county,
Ky. He is a successful lawyer of Rainier,
Ore.; and the editor and owner of The Re
view of that city.
RICE, WILLIAM W., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Nov. 21, 1845, in Marblehead, Mass. He
was judge of insolvency for Worcester
county in 1858; was mayor of Worcester
in 1860; and was district attorney for the
middle district of Massachusetts from
1869 to 1874. He was a representative in
the state legislature in 1875; and was
elected a representative from Massachu
setts to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-
seventh, forty-eighth, and forty-ninth
congresses as a republican.
RICH, CHARLES, congressman, was
born in 1771 in Hampshire county, Mass.
He was a representative in congress from
Vermont from 1811 to 1812, and again
from 1817 to 1824. He died Oct. 15, 1824,
in Shoreham. Vt.
RICH, MRS. HELEN [HINSDALE],
author, poet, was born in 1827 in New
York. She is a poet of Chicago; ana the
author of A Dream of the Adirondacks,
and Other Poems; and Madame de Stae'l.
RICH, ISAAC, merchant, was born in
1801 in Wellfleet, Mass. In the course of
years he became a successful fish mer
chant, and subsequently a millionaire,
gave largely to educational and charitable
institutions, and, in addition to numerous
bequests, left the greater part of his
estate, appraised at f 1,700,000, to the trus
tees of the Boston Wesleyan university.
He died Jan. 13, 1872, in Boston, Mass.
RICH, JOHN T., agriculturist, state sen
ator, congressman, was born April 23,
1841, in Conneautville, Pa. He was elect
ed a representative in the Michigan state
legislature in 1872, 1874, 1876, and 1878,
serving as speaker during the last two
terms; and was state senator in 1880. In
1881 he was elected a representative from
Michigan to the forty-seventh congress to
fill a vacancy.
RICH, SANFORD CLARK, educator,
clergyman, lawyer, was born May 2,
1863, in Morgantown, W. Va. He received
his education at the Drew Theological
seminary; was engaged in educational
work for eight years; was a clergyman
for six years; and is now a successful
lawyer of Pleasanton, Kan. He has con
tributed extensively both prose and verse
to the periodical press, and several of his
poems have been included in standard
works.
RICHARD, GABRIEL, missionary, edu
cator, congressman, was born Oct. 15,
1767, in France. He was for a time pro
fessor of mathematics in St. Mary's col
lege, Maryland; labored in Illinois as a
missionary; and went to Detroit in 1799,
whence he was sent as a delegate to con
gress in 1823. He died Sept. 13, 1832, in
Detroit, Mich.
RICHARDS, BENJAMIN WOOD, pub
lic official, state legislator, was born in
November, 1797, in Burlington county,
N. J. He was appointed by President
Jackson a director of the United States
bank, which office he resigned to become
mayor of Philadelphia in 1830-31. He was
one of the earliest directors of Girard col
lege; the originator, founder, and presi
dent until his death of the Girard Life
and 1 rust company, and a founder with
John Vaughan of the Blind asylum. He
died July 13, 1851, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RICHARDS, CHARLES COMSTOCK,
lawyer, legislator, was born Sept. 16, 1859,
in Salt Lake City. In 1888 he was elect
ed a representative in the territorial leg
islature of Utah; and in 1890 was a sen
ator of that body. He was secretary of
the territory from May 16, 1893, to Jan. 6,
1896, when that territory became a state;
and he was the acting governor at the
time of admission, and turned the ex
ecutive office over to the governor of the
state.
RICHARDS, CHARLES HERBERT,
clergyman, author, was born March 18,
1839, in Meriden, N. H. He was pastor of
a congregational church in Kokomo, Ind.,
in 1866-67, and since that time has had
charge of the First Congregational church
in Madison, Wis. He is the author of
Will Phillips; Songs of Christian Praise;
Scripture Selections for Public Wor
ship; and Songs of Praise and Prayer.
RICHARDS, CHARLES L., lawyer, leg
islator, was born March 21, 1856, near
Woodstock, 111. For two terms this suc
cessful lawyer was prosecuting attorney
of Thayer county, Neb.; and in 1895 he
was elected a member of the Nebraska
state legislature, of which body he was
speaker.
RICHARDS, MRS. CORNELIA HOL-
ROYD [BRADLEY], author, was born
Nov. 1, 1822, in Hudson, N. Y. She is the
author of At Home and Abroad, or How
to Behave; Pleasure and Profit, or Les
sons on the Lord's Prayer; Hester and I;
and Memoir of Mrs. Haven.
RICHARDS, CYRUS SMITH, educator,
author, was born March 11, 1808, in Hart
ford, Vt. He was principal of Kimball
Union academy, Meriden, N. H., and from
1871 until his death had charge of the pre
paratory department of Howard univer
sity of Washington, D. C. He was the au
thor of Latin Lessons and Tables; Out
lines of Latin Grammar; and an Intro
duction to Caesar: First Latin Les
sons. He died July 19, 1885, in Madison,
Wis.
RICHARDS, MRS. ELLEN HENRIET
TA [SWALLOW], educator, author, was
born Dec. 3, 1842, in Dunstable, Mass.
She is an instructor in sanitary chemistry
in the Massachusetts institute of Tech
nology; and is the author of Chemistry
of Cookery and Cleaning; Food Materials
and Their Adulterations; and First Les
sons in Minerals.
RICHARDS, FRANCIS HENRY, in
ventor, was born Oct. 20, 1850, in New
Hartford, Conn. He has invented a great
many valuable machines and devices,
which he has given to the public.
RICHARDS, FRANKLIN DEWEY,
Mormon apostle, state legislator, was born
April 2, 182i, in Richmond, Mass. In 1849
he was ordained one of the twelve apostles
of Salt Lake City; in 1852 was a member
of the legislature; and re-elected in 1856.
In 1889 he became historian and general
recorder of the church at Salt Lake City,
which position he still holds.
RICHARDS, GEORGE, clergyman, au
thor, was born in Rhode Island. He was
pastor of a universalist church in Ports
mouth, N. H., from 1793 till 1809, and
subsequently in Philadelphia, where he
established the Freemason's Magazine and
General Miscellany, and edited it for two
years. He was the author of odes, Ma
sonic orations, An Historical Discourse
on the Death of Gen. Washington, and
many patriotic poems descriptive of the
revolution. He died March 1, 1814, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
RICHARDS, GEORGE, railroad presi
dent, was born March 21, 1833, in Potts-
ville, Pa. Since i862 he has been presi
dent of the Hibernia Mine railroad; is
also president of the Hibernia Under
ground railroad, and Dover and Rockaway
railroad.
RICHARDS, HELEN DOROTHY WHIT-
ON, author. She was the author of
several juvenile books, including Robert
Walbar; Hemlock Ridge; and The Con
quered Heart.
RICHARDS, JACOB, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1803 to 1809.
RICHARDS, JAMES A. D., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 22, 1845, In
Boston, Mass. He was elected to the
fifty-third congress as a democrat from
Ohio.
RICHARDS, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1795 to 1797.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
785
RICHARDS, JOHN, state legislator,
congressman. He was a member of the
New York assembly in 1814 and 1815;
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1823 to 1825.
RICHARDS, JOSEPH WILLIAM, Ph. D.,
mineralogist, author, was born July
28, 1864, in England. He is the au
thor of the only work in the English
language on aluminum. Since 1887 he
has been professor of metallurgy, mineral
ogy and blowpipe analysis in the Lehigh
university of Bethlehem, Pa.
RICHARDS, L. L. GREENE, editor,
poet, was born April 8, 1849, in Kanes-
ville, Iowa. At the age of twenty-three
she became the ed
itor of the Woman's
Exponent — the first
woman's paper pub
lished in Utah; her
self Utah's first lady
editor. The year
following she mar
ried Levi Willard
Richards, but five
years later she was
compelled through
failing health and
domestic duties to
relinquish her business pursuits and to
turn the publication over to the hands of
Mrs. Emmeline B. Wells, under whose
care it still flourishes.
RICHARDS, MRS. LAURA ELIZA
BETH [HOWE], author, was born in 1850
in Massachusetts. She is a writer of
juvenile books, whose home is in Gar
diner, Maine; and the author of The Joy
ous Story of Toto; Toto's Merry Winter;
In My Nursery; Five Mice; Captain Jan
uary; Jim of Hellas; and Queen Hilde-
garde.
RICHARDS. LOUIS HARRY, railroad
president, was born April 7, 1831, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. Since 1878 he has been
president of the Potomac, Fredericksburg
and Piedmont railroad.
RICHARDS, MRS. MARIA [TOLMAN],
educator, author, was born Oct. 8, 1821, in
Dorchester, Mass. She is an educator and
lecturer of Providence; and the author
of Life in Judea; and Life in Israel.
RICHARDS, MARK,, state legislator,
congressman, was born in New Haven,
Conn. He was a member of the state
legislature for eight years; was county
sheriff for five years; was a presidential
elector in 1813; and was a state counsel
or in 1813 and 1815. He was a representa
tive in congress from Vermont from 1817
to 1821; and was lieutenant-governor of
Vermont in 1830.
RICHARDS, MATTHIAS, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born in 1757. He
was a judge of Berks county, Pa., from
1788 to 1797; and was a representative
in congress from Pennsylvania from 1807
to 1811. He died in 1830.
RICHARDS, MATTHIAS HENRY, cler
gyman, educator, journalist, was born
June 17, 1841, in Philadelphia, Pa. Since
1880 he has been editor of Church Lesson-
Leaves; and Helper; and since 1886 the
managing editor of the Church Messenger
at Allentown, Pa.
RICHARDS, ROBERT HALLOWELL,
metallurgist, educator, inventor, was born
Aug. 26, 1844, in Gardiner, Maine. He has
invented a jet aspirator for chemical and
physical laboratories; and an ore-sep
arator for the Lake Superior copper mills.
During 1886 he was president of the Amer
ican institute of Mining Engineers.
RICHARDS, SARAH J., philanthropist,
was born in 1820. She was a noted phi
lanthropist of her time. She died in 1893.
50
RICHARDS, THOMAS AUDISON, art
ist, educator, was born Dec. 3, 1820, in
England. Since 1867 he has been profes
sor of art in the university of the city of
New York, which gave him the honorary
degree of M. A. in 1878. His numerous
paintings include Alastor, or the Spirit of
Solitude; and The Indian's Paradise.
RICHARDS, W. AVERY, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born Dec. 28,1838, in Clyde,
Ohio. He has filled pastorates in the
methodist churches of Dixon, Prairie
City, Sioux City, and Fort Dodge, Iowa;
and is the author of a volume of poems.
RICHARDS, WILLIAM, missionary,
was born Aug. 22, 1792, in Plainfield,
Mass. In 1822 he embarked as a mission
ary to the Sandwich islands. In 1838 he
became councilor, chaplain and inter
preter to the king, and after the recogni
tion of the independence of the islands
by foreign powers was sent as ambas
sador to England, and to other courts. He
died Dec. 7, 1847, in Honolulu.
RICHARDS, WILLIAM ALFORD,
farmer, civil engineer, governor, was born
March 9, 1849, in Hazel Green, Wis. He
has been county surveyor in California
and Colorado, and during 1889-93 was
United States surveyor-general of Wyom
ing. Jan. 7, 1895, he was inaugurated
governor of Wyoming for a term of four
years.
RICHARDS, WILLIAM CAREY, cler
gyman, author, poet, was born Nov. 24,
1818, in England. He was a baptist min
ister of Chicago, widely known as a lec
turer upon physical science, and the au
thor of Baptist Banquets; The Lord -Is
My Shepherd; The Mountain Anthem;
Our Father in Heaven, a series of son
nets; and Science in Song. He died in
1892.
RICHARDS, WILLIAM TROST, artist,
was born Nov. 14, 1833, in Philadelphia,
Pa. Among his works in oil are Tulip-
Trees (1859); Midsummer; Woods in
June (1864); and Mid Ocean. His work in
water-colors has become widely known,
and includes Cedars on the Sea-Shore
(1873); Paradise, Newport; Sand-Hills,
Coast, N. J.; King Arthur's Castle, Tin-
tagel, Cornwall; Mullion Gull Rock, Tin-
tagel, Cornwall (1882); The Unresting
Sea (1884).
RICHARDS, ZALMON, educator, was
born Aug. 11, 1811, in Cummington, Mass.
He attended Williams college during 1831-
36; was principal of
the Union academy
of his native city for
three years; of the
Stillwater academy
for ten years; of the
preparatory depart
ment of the Colum
bian college for three
years; and of the
Union academy dur
ing 1851-66. For two
years he was super
intendent of public
schools of Washington, D. C., and for
three years was a clerk in the bureau of
education. Since 1856 he has been presi
dent and a member of the National Edu
cational association.
RICHARDSON, MRS. ABBY (SAGE),
educator, author, poet, was born in 1835.
She is an educator and lecturer upon lit
erature, and the author of Familiar Talks
on English Literature; Stories from Old
English Poetry; History of Our Country;
and Abelard and Heloise, a Mediaeval Ro
mance. She has edited Songs from the
Old Dramatists, and other works.
RICHARDSON, ALBERT DEANE,
journalist, author, was born Oct. 6, 1833,
in Franklin, Mass. He was a journalist
of New York city, and famous as the
war correspondent of The Tribune during
the civil war. He was the author of Be
yond the Mississippi; Personal History of
Ulysses Grant; The Field, the Dungeon,
and the Escape; and Garnered Sheaves.
He died Dec. 2, 1868, in New York city.
RICHARDSON, BEALE HOWARD,
journalist, was born in 1843, in Baltimore,
Md. In 1889 he obtained control of the
Georgia Enquirer Sun, which under his
management became remarkably success
ful.
RICHARDSON, CHARi.ES ALBERT,
soluier, lawyer, public official, was born
Aug. 14, 1829, in Freetown, N. Y. He re
ceived the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in the common
schools, and attend
ed Cortland academy
of Homer, N. Y. He
has been county
treasurer and surro
gate of Ontario coun
ty, N. Y.; New York
state commissioner
foi Gettysburg and
Chattanooga monu
ments; and United
States commissioner for Gettysburg na
tional park. During the civil war he
served in the union army as lieutenant,
captain and major of the one hundred and
twenty-sixth regiment New York volun
teer infantry. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of the east, and has a large prac
tice at Canandaigua, N. Y.
RICHARDSON, CHARLES FRANCIS,
educator, author, was born May 29, 1851,
in Hallowell, Maine. He was a professor
of English literature at Dartmouth col
lege from 1882, and is the author of Prim
er of American Literature; The Cross, a
collection of verse; American Literature,
1607-1885; and The Choice of Books. Co-
editor with H. A. Clark of The College
Book.
RICHARDSON, DAVID P., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born May 28, 1833,
in Macedon, N. Y. He served in the union
army from 1861 to 1864; removed to An
gelica in 1866, and engaged in the prac
tice of his profession. He was elected a
representative from New York to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses
as a republican.
RICHARDSON, E. C., librarian. He is
the librarian of the Princeton university,
and a regular contributor to historical lit
erature.
RICHARDSON, GEORGE P., agricultu
rist, state legislator, congressman, was
born July 1, 1850, in Jamestown, Mich.
He was the son of a
pioneer farmer, and
his occupation in life
has been principally
that of a farmer. He
received his educa
tion in the common
schools. He was
elected township
clerk eight years in
succession, and in
1884 was elected to
the Michigan legis
lature, and again in
1890. The democrats controlled the or
ganization of the house, and he was elect
ed speaker pro tempore, and was elected
to the fifty-third congress by the demo
crats and populists. He was the editor of
The Free Coinage Independent, which is
now published as The Middle West of
Grand Rapids, Mich.
786
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RICHARDSON, HOBART WOOD, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1831. He was
a journalist of Portland, Maine, and the
author of Paper Money; The National
Banks; and The Standard Dollar. He
died in 1889.
RICHARDSON, J. M., soldier, poet, was
born March 13, 1831, in South Carolina.
He served in the civil war as a confed
erate, attaining the rank of colonel. He
has contributed both prose and verse to
the leading magazines and journals of
South Carolina.
RICHARDSON, JAMES B., governor,
was born in South Carolina. He was gov
ernor of that state from 1802 to 1804.
RICHARDSON, JAMES DANIEL, sol
dier, lawyer, state senator, congressman,
was born March 10, 1843, in Rutherford
county, Tenn. In 1870 he was elected a
representative in the Tennessee state leg
islature, and was elected speaker on the
first day of the session. In 1872 he was
elected state senator and served two years,
and in 1873, when thirty years of age,
was made grand master of Masons for
the state of Tennessee. He also became
grand high priest of the grand chapter
of the state. In 1884 he was elected a
representative from Tennessee to the for
ty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second,
fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a democrat.
HICHARDSON, JOHN FRAM, educator,
author, was born Feb. 7, 1808, in Vernon,
N. Y. He believed he had discovered the
true pronunciation of Latin, as spoken
by the ancient Romans, and in the face
of much opposition taught it to his pupils.
It has since been adopted by many of the
foremost educators. He published Ro
man Orthoepy: a Plea for the Restora
tion of the True System of Latin Pronun
ciation. He died Feb. 10, 1868, in Roches
ter, N. Y.
RICHARDSON, JOHN PETER, state
legislator, congressman, governor, was
born April 14, 1801, in Hickory Hill, S. C.
He was a member of the South Carolina
state legislature from 1824 to 1836; was a
representative in congress from 1837 to
1840; and was governor of South Carolina
from 1840 to 1842. He died Jan. 24, 1864,
in Fulton, S. C.
RICHARDSON, JOHN S., soldier, law
yer, agriculturist, congressman, was born
Feb. 29, 1828, in Sumter district, S. C.
He served in the confederate army as a
commissioned officer during the war of
the rebellion. He was a member of the
South Carolina state house of representa
tives from 1865 to 1867. He was elected
a representative from South Carolina to
the forty-sixth and forty-seventh con
gresses as a democrat.
RICHARDSON, JOHN SMYTHE, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, was born April
11, 1777, in Sumter, S. C. He was an as
sociate judge of the general sessions and
of the common pleas, and presiding judge
of the court of appeals; and was elected
a member of congress in 1820, but owing
to some exigency in his private affairs,
was not qualified. He was a member of
the state legislature, and attorney-general
for the state of South Carolina. He died
May 8, 1850, in Charleston, S. C.
RICHARDSON, JOSEPH, clergyman,
congressman, was born Feb. 1, 1778, in
Billerica, Mass. He was a representative
in congress from Massachusetts from 1827
to 1831; and was senior pastor over the
First church at Hingham for fifty years.
He died Sept. 25, 1871, in Hingham, Mass.
RICHARDSON, JOSEPH, architect, was
born Sept. 7, 1814, in England. Thirty
years ago he established a line of steam
boats between New York and Bridgeport,
Conn., which he yet controls. The water
works at Laramie City are another mon
ument to his enterprise, he having been
their originator and builder. He also
built the water works at Houston, Texas.
RICHARDSON, NATHANIEL SMITH,
clergyman, journalist, author, was born
Jan. 8, 1810, in Middlebury, Conn. He
was an episcopal clergyman who was edi
tor of The American Church Review, and
was the author of Reasons Why I am a
Churchman; Reasons Why I am not a
Papist; and Evidences of Natural and Re
vealed Religion. He died Aug. 7, 1883, in
Bridgeport, Conn.
RICHARDSON, RICHARD, patriot, sol
dier, was born in 1704 near Jamestown,
Va. In 1775 he was a member of the
council of safety at Charleston, S. C. ; and
in 1776 became a brigadier-general. He
died in September, 1781, near Salisbury,
S. C.
RICHARDSON, SHERMAN D., soldier,
journalist, poet, was born Jan. 2, 1847, in
Stafford, Conn. Colonel Richardson was
an officer in the civil war. He learned
the printing business, and has been editor,
cartoonist, special correspondent and con
tributor to various newspapers and maga
zines. He is known as the War Poet;
has given public readings of his own
works with success; and is the author of
a volume of poems.
RICHARDSON, T., journalist, public of
ficial, was born Oct. 22, 1844, in Port Gib
son, Miss. For eighteen years he has
been an alderman of his native city; post
master for twenty years, and a delegate
to the republican national conventions of
1884 and 1896. He is the editor and owner
of The Vidette of Port Gibson, Miss.
RICHARDSON, WILLIAM ADAMS,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, author,
was born Nov. 2, 1821, in Tynsborough,
Mass. In 1855 he was appointed to revise
the statutes of Massachusetts, and subse
quently was appointed to edit the annual
supplements to the general statutes, which
he continued to do for twenty-two years.
In 1856 he became a judge of probate, and
two years later judge of probate and in
solvency, serving as such for sixteen
years. He became assistant secretary of
the treasury department, and in 1871 went
to Europe as a financial agent for the
government. In 1873 he was appointed
secretary of the treasury, and in 1874 ac
cepted a seat on the bench of the United
States court of claims. In 1885 he was
appointed chief justice of the United
States court of claims. He was the author
of The Banking Laws of Massachusetts;
History of the Court of Claims; Practical
Information Concerning the United States
Public Debt; and National Banking Laws.
RICHARDSON. WILLIAM ALEXAN
DER, soldier, lawyer, congressman, Unit
ed States senator, governor, was born Oct.
11, 1811, in Fayette county, Ky. In 1835
he was elected state attorney; in 1836
a member of the Illinois state legislature,
and in 1838 was elected to the state sen
ate. In 1844 he was again elected to the
legislature, and made speaker of the
house; and was also chosen a presidential
elector in 1S44. In 1846 he served as cap
tain in the Mexican war. In 1847 he was
elected a representative in congress from
Illinois, where he continued to serve by
re-election until 1856. In 1857 he was ap
pointed governor of Nebraska, and in 1860
was elected to the house of representa
tives, and was elected a senator in con
gress to fill a vacancy. He died Dec. 27,
1875, in Quincy, 111.
RICHARDSON, WILLIAM MER
CHANT, lawyer, jurist, congressman, au
thor, was born Jan. 4, 1774, in Pelham, N.
H. He was a member of congress from
Massachusetts from 1811 to 1814, when he
resigned. He removed to Portsmouth, N.
H., in 1814, and was appointed chief jus
tice of the supreme court of New Hamp
shire in 1816. He was the author of The
New Hampshire Justice, and The Town
Officer; and a considerable portion of the
first and second volumes of The New
Hampshire Reports was drawn up by him.
He died March 3, 1838, in Chester, N. H.
RICHE, GEORGE INMAN, lawyer, ed
ucator, was born Jan. 21, 1833, in Phila
delphia, Pa. During the civil war he was
paymaster of United States volunteers,
and in 1864-67 he was a member of the
common council. He is best known for
his educational work. In 1867-86 he was
the principal of the Philadelphia high
school.
RICKEY, ISABEL GRIMES, poet, was
born in Lancaster, Mo. She is a writer of
Plattsmouth, Neb., and the author of a
volume of poems entitled A Harp of the
West.
RICKEY, JAMES, educator, poet, was
born July 15, 1818, in Pendleton county,
Ky. Despite the advanced age of Mr.
Richey he still teaches school. For more
than half a century he has contributed
to educational journals and the periodical
press; and his poems have been given a
place in several standard collections.
RICHEY, JAMES C., soldier, journalist,
was born July 13, 1847, in New Castle,
Pa. During the civil war he served as a
union soldier, and has been on the fron
tier since the war. He is the editor and
owner of The Times of Wichita, Kan.;
has been alderman of his city and filled
various other public positions of trust.
RICHMOND, DEAN, merchant, railroad
president, was born March 31, 1804, in
Barnard, Vt. He moved to Buffalo in
1842, and after the consolidation of the
railroads forming the New York Central
he moved to Batavia, N. Y. He was
first vice-president of the company; was
elected its president in 1864, and was the
first railroad man to advocate the laying
of steel rails. He died Aug. 27. 1866,
in New York city.
RICHMOND, MRS. EUPHEMIA JOHN
SON (GUERNSEY), author, was born in
1825 in New York. She is a writer of
Upton, N. Y., and the author of Hope
Raymond; Two Paths; The McAllisters,
a temperance tale; The Jewelled Serpent;
The Fatal Dower; and Anna Maynard,
the King's Daughter.
RICHMOND, HIRAM H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born May 17, 1810, in Chau-
tauqua, N. Y. He was elected from New
York to the forty-third congress.
RICHMOND, JACOB L., soldier, farmer,
lawyer, business man, was born June 16,
1836, in Wayne, N. Y. He received his
education in the common and high schools
and attended a commercial college in
St. Louis, Mo. He served as a union sol
dier during the civil war; was commis
sioned first lieutenant, and promoted to
captain for bravery and efficiency during
the siege of Vicksburg. For fifteen' suc
cessive years he was inspector of cus
toms; has been United States circuit court
commissioner; and was clerk of the dis
trict court for fifteen years. He has
filled the office of justice of the peace,
and various other public offices of trust.
He is prominent in the Masonic and other
fraternal orders; and resides in Minne-
waukan, N. D.
HBRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
787
RICHMOND, JAMES BUCHANAN, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born in
Turkey Cove, Va. He served in the con
federate army, rising to the rank of lieu
tenant-colonel. He was elected a repre
sentative from Virginia to the forty-sixth
congress as a democrat.
RICHMOND, JAMES COOK, clergyman,
author, was born in 1808, in Providence,
R. I. He traveled extensively in Europe,
and was the author of a Visit to Iowa in
1846; A Midsummer Day Dream; and
Metacomet, the first canto of an epic
poem. He died July 20, 1866, in Pough-
keepsie, N. Y.
RICHMOND, JONATHAN, pioneer, con
gressman, was born in 1774 in Bristol,
Mass. He was one of the pioneers of
western New York in 1813; was once col
lector of the customs for the United States
and was a representative in congress from
New York from 1819 to 1821. He died
July 29, 1853, in Cayuga, N. Y.
RICHMOND, LEWIS, soldier, merchant,
diplomat, was born March 12, 1824, in
Providence, R. I. During the civil war
he attained the rank of brigadier-gen
eral. In 1875 he was appointed United
States consul in Ireland; subsequently in
Italy; and in 1884 was appointed minister
resident at Lisbon, Portugal.
RICHMOND, MARY ELIZABETH
MEAD, philanthropist, was born in June,
1813, in Troy, N. Y. Prom 1853 until her
death in 1895 she resided in Batavia, N.
Y. The Richmond Memorial Library
bulging of that city was erected by her
at a cost of thirty thousand dollars, in
memory of her son, Dean Richmond, who
died in 1885. She performed many gen
erous acts.
RICHTER, E. L., journalist, was born
in Harrison, Ohio. He received a liberal
education, and attended the Northwestern
Ohio Normal school. He has been a tele
graph operator, assistant superintendent
train dispatcher; and is now the editor
and owner, of The Pioneer of Larimore,
N. D.
RICHTER, JOHN G. A., legislator, was
born April 30, 1862, in Allegheny City, Pa.
In 1888 he organized the first council of
the Junior Order of the United American
Mechanics, in the city of Canton, Ohio, in
which society he has since held high
offices.
RICKARDS, JOHN EZRA, merchant,
legislator, governor, was born July 23,
1848, in Delaware City, Del. His early
life was spent on a
farm; and was sub
sequently a clerk and
bookkeeper. In 1870
he located in Colo
rado, and nine years
later in California;
and in 1882 in Butte
City, Mont., which
has since been his
home In 1888 and
again in 1892 he was
elected to represent
the laymen of Mon
tana in the general conference of the
methodist episcopal church. He served as
a member of the board of aldermen in
Butte; was elected a member of the con
stitutional convention; then became lieu
tenant-governor; and in 1892 was elected
governor of Montana, and was popularly
known as Montana's model governor. He
was instrumental in the establishment of
a reform school; is a strong and unyield
ing advocate of bimetallism, and his well-
known ability and integrity of purpose
have made him invincible in every po
litical contest he has undertaken.
RICKETTS, JAMES BREWERTON,
soldier, was born June 21, 1817, in New
York city. In 1839 he graduated from the
United States Mili
tary academy. In
1864 he passed from
the campaign against
Richmond to the de
fence of Washington,
when threatened by
General Early; and
then took part' under
Sheridan in the pur
suit through the Val
ley, receiving at
Cedar Creek & wound
which disabled him
for the winter. He received the brevets of
major-general of volunteers in 1864, and
of brigadier and major-general in the reg
ular army in 1865. He died Sept. 22, 1887
in Washington, D. C.
RICKOPF, ANDREW JACKSON, educa
tor, was born Aug. 23, 1824, in Mercer,
N. J. The credit is awarded him of reor
ganizing the schools both of Cincinnati
and Cleveland, and largely influencing the
school systems in Ohio.
RICORD, MRS. ELIZABETH (STRYK-
ER), author, was born in 1788 on Long
Island. She was an educator of Geneva,
N. Y., and after 1845 a resident of New
ark, N. J. She was the author of Philoso
phy of the Mind; and Zamba, or the In
surrection, a Dramatic Poem. She died
Oct. 10, 1865, in Newark, N. J.
RICORD, FREDERICK WILLIAM, law
yer, educator, author, poet, was born Oct.
7, 1819, in West Indies. He" is a lawyer
and educator of Newark, N. J., and the
author of History of Rome; The Youth's
Grammar; English Songs from Foreign
Tongues; and The Self-Tormentor, from
the Latin of Terentius, with More Eng
lish Songs.
RICORD, JEAN BAPTISTE, physician,
naturalist, author, was born in 1777 in
France. He was a French physician and
naturalist who settled in New York city,
and was the author of Improved French
Grammar; and several French works. He
died in 1837 in the West Indies.
RIDDELL, JOHN LEONARD, physi
cian, educator, inventor, author, was born
Feb. 20, 1807, in Leyden, Mass. He was
melter and refiner at the United States
mint in New Orleans, the inventor of a
binocular microscope and magnifying
glass, and discovered the microscopical
characteristics of the blood and black
vomit in yellow fever. He first brought
to notice the botanical genus Riddellia,
which was named for him.
RIDDLE, ALBERT GALLATIN, lawyer,
author, congressman, was born May 28,
1816, in Monson, Mass. He was elected a
representative from
Ohio to the thirty-
seventh congress;
and subsequently
practiced law in
Washington, D. C.
He has written a
number of romances
of early life in Ohio.
He is the author of
The House of Ross;
" , £5^ Uart RMgeley; Alice
i Brand; The Tory's
Daughter; Mark
Loan; The Portrait; Personal Recollec
tions of War Times; Students and Law
yers; Life of Benjamin Wade; Life of
Garfield; and Speeches and Arguments.
RIDDLE, GEORGE READE, civil en
gineer, lawyer, state senator, congress
man, was born in 1817 in New Castle, Del.
He was appointed deputy attorney-gen-
eral for his native county, which position
he held until 1850, when he was elected a
representative from Delaware to the thir
ty-second congress. He was re-elected to
the thirty-third congress. In 1864 he was
elected a senator in congress from Dela
ware, for the term ending in 1869. He
died March 29, 1867, in Washington City.
RIDDLE, H. T., congressman. He was
elected a representative from Tennessee
to the forty-fourth congress.
RIDDLE, HAYWOOD YANCEY, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 20, 1834, In
Van Buren, Tenn. From 1865 to 1875 he
was clerk and master of the Lebanon
chancery court. He was then elected a
representative from Tennessee to the
forty-fourth congress to fill a vacancy,
and was re-elected to the forty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
RIDDLE, MATTHEW BROWN, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 17, 1836, in
Pittsburg, Pa. He was an original mem
ber of the New Testament revision com
mittee formed in 1871, translated and ed
ited the epistles to the Romans, Gala-
tians, Ephesians, and Colossians in the
American edition of Lange's Commen
tary; contributed to Rev. Dr. Philip
Schaff's Popular Illustrated Commentary
on the New Testament; and to his Inter
national Revision Commentary (New
York, 1882).
RIDDLEBERGER, HARRISON HOLT,
soldier, lawyer, state legislator, United
States senator, was born Oct. 4, 1844, in
Edinburg, Va. He was elected a repre
sentative in the Virginia state legislature
in 1871, and again in 1873. He was elect
ed a commonwealth attorney in 1875 and
1879, and in the latter year was elected
state senator. He was a presidential
elector in 1876 and 1880; and in 1881 was
elected United States senator from Vir
ginia for the term of sfx years from March
4, 1883. He died Jan. 24, 1890, in Wood
stock, Va.
RIDEING, WILLIAM HENRY, littera
teur, journalist, author, was born Feb.
17, 1853, in England. He is a Boston
writer on the editorial staff of The
Youth's Companion, and the author ot
Pacific Railway Illustrated; A Saddle in
the Wild West; Boys in the Mountains
and on the Plains; Boys Coastwise; Stray
Moments with Thackeray; Alpenstock;
Young Folks' History of London; The
Boyhood of Living Authors; Thackeray's
London; A Little Upstart, a novel; In
the Land of Lorna Doone; and The Cap
tured Cunarder.
RIDER, GEORGE THOMAS, educator,
journalist, author, was born Feb. 21, 1829,
in Rice City, R. I. In 1860 he removed
to Poughkeepsie, N. Y., where he con
ducted the Cottage Hill seminary for
young ladies till 1874. He is on the edi
torial staff of the New York Churchman.
He has published Plain Music for the
Book of Common Prayer; Lyra Anglicana,
or a Hymnal of Sacred Poetry, selected
from the Best English Writers, and ar
ranged after the Order of the Apostles'
Creed; and Lyra Americana, or Verses of
Praise and Faith from American Poets.
RIDER, HENRY CLOSS, educator, was
born Dec. 14, 1832, in Esperance, N. Y.
He is the founder and present superin
tendent of the Northern New York in
stitute for Deaf Mutes.
RIDER, JOHN J., farmer, legislator, was
born Feb. 23, 1840, in Exeter, N. Y. This
successful farmer is the owner of three
hundred acres, and makes a specialty of
dairying and hop raising. In 1894 he
served as a member of the New York
state legislature, and received the re
election to a second term.
788
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPKDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RIDGAWAY, HENRY BASCOM, clergy
man, educator, author, was born Sept. 7,
1830, in Talbot county, Md. He was a
methodist clergyman and educator of Illi
nois, and president of the Garrett Bibli
cal institute at Evanston, 111., from 1882.
He was the author of Life of Alfred
Cookman; The Lord's Land, or Travels in
Sinai and Palestine; and Lives of Bishops
Janes, Waugh, Simpson. He died in 1895.
R1DGELEY, HENRY M., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1778. He was a
lawyer by profession, and for many years
was a distinguished member of the Dela
ware bar. He was a representative in
congress from Delaware from 1811 to
1815; and filled a vacancy as senator in
congress from 1826 to 1829. He died Aug.
7, 1847, in Dover, Del.
RIDGELY, CHARLES, soldier, state
senator, governor, was born Dec. 6, 1762.
He served in the state senate, and was
chosen governor of Maryland three times
successively, in 1815-17. He was also
brigadier-general of Maryland militia. He
died July 17, 1829, in Hampton, Md.
RIDGELY, EDWIN REED, soldier, mer
chant, congressman, was born May 9,
1844, in Crawford county, Kan. In the
early seventies he engaged in the Texas
cattle trade, personally sharing in and
directing the gathering of cattle on the
range and driving them to the Kansas
markets. Subsequently he extended his
cattle operations to the Pacific coast, in
cluding Washington territory, Oregon and
California. He lived in Ogden, Utah, from
1889 to 1893. He was nominated by the
people's and democratic parties and elect
ed to the fifty-fifth congress.
RIDGELY, HENRY MOORE, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
born in 1778, in Dover, Del. He was elect
ed and re-elected to congress as a fed
eralist, serving from 1811 till 1815. He
then returned to Dover and continued to
practice his profession until he was elect
ed United States senator from Delaware
in place of Nicholas Van Dyke, deceased.
He held the seat from 1827 till 1829. He
died Aug. 7. 1847, in Dover, Del.
RIDGELY, JAMES LOT, lawyer, au
thor, was born Jan. 27, 1807, in Balti
more, Md. He was a member of the
Baltimore council in 1834-35; of the state
house of delegates in 1838, and of the
constitutional conventions of 1849 and
1864. He was for twelve years register of
wills for Baltimore county, several years
president of the board of education, and
aided in establishing the present public
school system in 1848. He is the princi
pal author of the various rituals that are
now in use. He has also written Odd-Fel
lowship—What Is It? The Odd-Fellow's
Pocket Companion; and many other
works of a similar character. He was the
editor of The Covenant, the official mag
azine of the order. He died Nov. 16, 1881,
in Baltimore, Md.
RIDGELY, NICHOLAS, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Sept. 30, 1762,
in Dover, Del. He was attorney-general
and member of the Delaware legislature.
In 1801 he was appointed chancellor of
the state of Delaware, and held that office
for twenty-nine years until his death. He
died April 1, 1830, in Georgetown, Del.
RIDGELY, RICHARD, congressman.
He was a delegate from Maryland to the
continental congress from 1785 to 1786.
RIDGEWAY, ROBERT, journalist, con
gressman. He was a representative from
Virginia to the fortieth congress. He
was at one time editor of the Richmond
Whig. He died Oct. 16, 1869, in Amherst
county, Va.
RIDGWAY, JACOB ELWOOD, banker,
financier, was born Aug. 14, 1824, in Salem,
N. J. He was one of the founders of the
Union Passenger railway, now known as
the Philadelphia Traction company. Sev
eral large ships were also built by him.
RIDGWAY, JOSEPH, manufacturer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
May 6, 1783, on Staten Island, N. Y. In
1828 he was elected to the legislature of
Ohio, and was re-elected in 1830; and was
a representative in congress from Ohio,
from 1837 to 1843.
RIDGWAY. ROBERT, ornithologist,
author, was born July 2, 1850, in Mount
Carmel, 111. He was an eminent ornithol
ogist of Washington, and curator of the
department of birds in the National muse
um from 1879. He is the author of The
Birds of Colorado: Ornithology of the
Fortieth Parallel; Manual of North Amer
ican Birds; and History of North Ameri
can Birds.
RIDINGS, ADA NENETA, educator,
poet, was born Dec. 22, 1870, in Hollow-
town, Ohio. Since the age of six she has
resided in Caldwell, Kan. She has at
tained success in educational work, and
is the author of numerous poems of merit.
RIDINGS, S. P., lawyer, poet, was born
in 1868 in Highland county, Ohio. He
was raised on the frontiers of Kansas,
received a thorough education, and gradu
ated from the State university of Kansas.
He has attained success in the practice
of law in Oklahoma; and in literature has
gained the name of The Poet of Pond
Creek.
RIDLON, G. T., clergyman, jurist, au
thor, was born July 12, 1841, in Hollis,
Maine. During the civil war he served
in the union army in the seventeenth and
twenty-seventh regiments of Maine volun
teer infantry. He is the author of A
History of the Ancient Ryedales; Bur-
bank Genealogy; Hamblens of Beech Hill;
Saco Valley Settlements and Families;
and Rambles in Europe.
RIDPATH, JOHN CLARK, author, poet,
was born April 26, 1840, in Putnam coun
ty, Ind. In 1885 he published his Cyclo
pedia of Universal History in four vol
umes. He is the author of Life and Work
of James G. Elaine; Popular and Acad
emic Histories of the United States; His
tory of Texas; Life of Garfield; History of
the World; Christopher Columbus; Col
umbia, a Quadricentennial Story; Great
Races of Mankind; and Epic of Life, a
poem.
RIED, SAMUEL CHESTER, naval offi
cer, was born Aug. 25, 1783, in Norwich,
Conn. He was in active service during
the war of 1812, and regulated the pilot-
boats and signals at the Battery and the
Narrows. He was also designer of the
present United States flag. He died Jan.
28, 1861, in New York.
RIEF, CHARLES, legislator, poet, was
born Nov. 13, 1842, in Germany. His ca
reer has been an eventful one; he has
traveled around the
world twice; and has
contributed many
historical papers of
value on the coun
tries he has visited.
He is prominent in
the municipal affairs
of Grand Island,
Neb.; is a member of
the city council;
president of the
board of education:
and has represented
his county in the Nebraska legislature.
RIFE, JOHN W., soldier, manufacturer,
congressman, was born Aug. 14, 1846, in
Middletown, Pa. He was a member of
the house of representatives of Pennsyl
vania in 1885 and 1886. He was elected to
the fifty-first congress, and re-elected to
the fifty-second congress as a republican.
RIGBY, ISAAC ALBERT, lawyer, wri
ter, was born May 13, 1861, in Doniphan
county, Kan. He received the rudiments
of his education in the common schools;
attended the Kansas State university,
from which institution he received the
degree of LL. B. in 1885. He is a suc
cessful lawyer of Concordia, Kan.; has
been president of the board of education;
county attorney; and a delegate to re
publican congressional and state conven
tions. He has contributed extensively to
law literature and the periodical press
generally.
R1GDON, JONATHAN, educator, lec
turer, author, was born Dec. 22, 1858, in
Rigdon, Ind. He attended the National
Normal university of
Lebanon, Ohio; and
later took the philo
sophical course in
the Central Normal
college of Danville,
and subsequently
graduated from the
Boston university.
Since 1885 he has
filled the chair of
philosophy and lite
rary criticism in the
Central Normal col
lege of Danville, Ind. He is a successful
lecturer, and the author of a series of
grammars that have become very popular.
He is also the author of Psychology; and
is at work on a brief introduction to
Shakespeare, and a work on Psychology.
His lecture on The Tempest has attracted
widespread attention, and he has deliv
ered several courses of lectures in In
diana designed especially for teachers'
associations and literary societies.
RIGDON, SIDNEY, printer, was born
Feb. 19, 1793, in St. Clair. Pa. It is said
that Rigdon was the printer who first
made public, in connection with Joseph
Smith, The Book of Mormon, a manu
script given him to be printed by one
Spaulding, its author. He died July 14,
1876, in Friendship, N. Y.
RIGGEN, JOHN A., soldier, physician,
surgeon, legislator, was born Oct. 29, 1841,
in Stark county, 111. He was a member of
the eighteenth regiment Missouri veteran
volunteer infantry during four years' ser
vice, and was promoted to corporal, ser
geant, sergeant-major, second lieutenant,
and first lieutenant. He has attained
prominence as a noted physician and sur
geon of Iowa at What Cheer; was
president of the Keokuk County Medical
society in 1886-87; was senior vice-com
mander of the Iowa department of the
Grand Army of the Republic in 1888; since
1882 has been division surgeon of the
Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern
railroad. During 1894-98 he served with
distinction as state senator in the Iowa
state legislature, and was on several im
portant committees.
RIGGS, ANNA R., educator, reformer,
was born Jan. 28, 1835, in Cynthiana, Ky.
For five years she was financial secretary
of the Woman's Educational association,
in connection with the Illinois Wesleyan
university of Bloomington, 111., during
1876-81. She then removed with her hus
band to Portland, Ore., and has been
eight years state president of the Wo
man's Christian Temperance union. She
was one of the founders of the Refuge
for Fallen Girls, since changed to Flor
ence Crittenton home. For twenty years
she has been engaged in philanthropic
work; and is now the president of the
board of managers of the Florence Crit
tenton home; and state lecturer for res
cue work.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
789
RIGGa, ELIAS, missionary, author, was
born Nov. 19, 1810, in New Providence, N.
J. He was a congregational missionary
in Constantinople, famous as a linguist,
among whose writings are, Manual of the
ChaUlee Language; Grammar of the Mod
ern Armenian Language; Notes of Diffi
cult Passages of the New Testament; and
A Harmony of the Gospels, in Bulgarian.
RIGGS, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
banker, was born July 4, 1813, in George
town, D. C. He formed the banking house
of Corcoran and Riggs, which acquired
a national fame during the Mexican war
by taking up the entire loan that was
called for by the government in 1847 and
1848. He died Aug. 24, 1881, in Green
Hill, Md.
RIGGS, JAMES MILTON, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
17, 1839, in Scott county, 111. He was
elected a representative in the Illinois
state legislature in 1870, and in 1872 was
elected state's attorney for Scott county,
and served four years. He was elected a
representative from Illinois to the forty-
eighth congress, and was re-elected W the
forty-ninth congress as a democrat.
RIGGS. JAMES STEVENSON, clergy
man, educator, author, was born in 1853
in New York. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman, professor in Auburn Theological
seminary from 1881, and has published
The Bible in Art.
RIGGS, JETUR R., physician, state
senator, congressman, was born June 20,
1809, in Morris county, N. J. He served
two years in the New Jersey legislature.
He spent one or two years in charge of
the hospital at Sutler's Fort, California,
and in 1855 was elected, for three years,
to the senate of New Jersey. In 1858 he
was elected a representative in congress
from New Jersey. He died Nov. 5, 1869,
in Drakesville.
RIGGS, JOHN D. S., college president,
author, was born Jan. 29, 1851, in Wash
ington, Pa. This eminent educator has
filled chairs in the leading colleges, and
since 1896 has been president of the Ot-
cawa university, Kansas. He is the author
of In Latinum, a work in Latin prose com
position in two volumes.
RIGGS, MRS. KATE DOUGLAS
(SMITH) (WIGGIN), author, poet, was
born in Massachusetts. She is a popular
writer of New York cuy, and the author
of Timothy's Quest; Polly Oliver's Prob
lem; The Birds' Christmas Carol; The
Story of Patsy; A Summer in a Canon;
Children's Rights; A Cathedral Court
ship, and Penelope's English Experiences;
The Village Watch-Tower ; Marm Lisa;
and Nine Love Songs and a Carol. She
has also written in collaboration with her
sister, Nora Archibald Smith, The Story
Hour; and The Republic of Childhood.
RIGGS, LEWIS, congressman, was born
in New York. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1841 to 1843.
RIGGS, LUTHER GRANGER, journal
ist, poet, was born Sept. 28, 1837, in Fair-
field county, Tenn. He was for five suc
cessive years an official reporter of the
Connecticut state senate. In 1875 he pub
lished a collection of his miscellaneous
poems. He is now editor of The Record
er, of Richmond, 111.
RIGGS, STEPHEN RETURN, mission
ary, author, was born March 23, 1812, in
Steubenville, Ohio. He was a missionary
to the Indians in Minnesota and Dakota,
and the author of Forty Years Among the
Sioux; The Bible in Dakota; and many
translations and other writings relating
to the Dakota Indians. He died Aug. 24,
1883, in Beloit, Wis.
RI1S, JACOB AUGUST, author, was
born in 1849 in Dakota. He is a New
York writer on social problems and the
author of How the Other Half Lives; The
Children of the Poor; and Nibsy's Christ
mas.
RIKER, JAMES, historian, author, was
born May 11, 1822, in New York city. In
addition to addresses and brochures upon
the history of the Dutch settlers of New
York, he is the author of A Brief History
of the Riker Family; The Annals of New-
town; Harlem: Its Origin and Early An
nals; and The Indian History of Tioga
County, in a gazetteer of that county (Sy
racuse, 1888). He died July 15, 1889, in
Waverly, N. Y.
RIKER, RICHARD, lawyer, was born
Sept. 9, 1773, in Newtown, L. I., N. Y.
From 1802 till 1840 he was district attorney
for New York, Westchester and Queens
counties, and he was recorder of the city
in 1815-19, 1821-23 and 1824-38. Fitz-
Greene Halleck made Mr. Riker the sub
ject of his poem, The Recorder. He died
Sept. 26, 1842, in New York city.
RIKER, SAMUEL, state legislator, con
gressman. He was a member of the New
York assembly in 1784, and was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1804 to 1805, and again from 1807
to 1809.
RILEY, BENNETT, soldier, was born
Nov. 27, 1787, in Alexandria, Va. He re
ceived the brevet of brigadier-general in
1847 for gallantry at Cerro Gordo, and
that of major-general in 1847 for Contre-
ras. At the conclusion of the war he
was placed in command of the Pacific
department, with headquarters at Monte
rey. He was appointed military governor
of California, and served as the first chief
magistrate of the territory and until the
admission of the state into the union. He
died June 9, 1853, in Buffalo, N. Y.
RILEY, CHARLES VALENTINE, en
tomologist, author, was born Sept. 18,
1843, in England. He was a distinguished
entomologist of Washington, at one peri
od state entomologist of Missouri, and
from 1881 till his death in charge of the
entomological division of the United
States department of agriculture. He was
the author of The Locust Plague in the
United States; Potato Pests; and Noxious,
Beneficial, and Other Insects of Missouri.
He died in 1895.
RILEY, ELIHU SAMUEL, lawyer, au
thor, was born May 2, 1845, in Annapolis,
Md. He is the author of The Ancient City,
a History of Annapolis, Md.; and is the
editor and compiler of the City Code of
Annapolis; the Maryland Manual; and the
Memorial Volume of the Two Hundredth
Anniversary of the Removal of the Capi
tol of Maryland from St. Mary's to An
napolis.
RILEY. HENRY HIRAM, lawyer, au
thor, was born Sept. 1, 1813, in Great
Barrington, Mass. He was a lawyer of
Constantine, Mich., once known as a hu
morous writer: and the author of Paddle-
ford and Its People; and The Paddleford
Papers, or Humors of the West. He died
Feb. 8, 1888, in Constantine, Mich.
RILEY, JAMES, mariner, author, was
born Oct. 27, 1777, in Middletown, Conn.
He was a mariner who was enslaved by
the Arabs of Africa in 1815 and ransomed
by Mr. Willshire, the British consul, at
Mogadore. In 1821 he settled in Ohio
and founded the town of Wiltshire, named
in honor of the consul. From his jour
nals was prepared, in 1816, the Authentic
Narrative of the Loss of the American
Brig Commerce on the West Coast of
Africa, with a Description of Timbuctoo.
He died March 15, 1840, at sea.
RILEY, JAMES, author, poet, was born
in 1848 in Ireland. He is a poet of Bos
ton whose unpretentious Poems, published
in 1886, reached a third edition in 1888.
RILEY, JAMES WHITCOMB, poet, was
born about 1852 in Greenfield, Ind. He
is a very popular poet of Indianapolis
whose dialect poems of Hoosier life have
been greatly praised. His earliest work
appeared over the signature, Benjamin
F. Johnson of Boone. His dialect and
other poems display much real feeling and
originality. He is the author of The Old
Swimmin' Hole and 'Leven More Poems;
The Boss Girl, and Other Sketches; Af-
terwhiles; Old-Fashioned Roses; Pipes o'
Pan at Zekesbury; Rhymes of Childhood;
Flying Islands of the Night; Neighborly
Poems; An Old Sweetheart of Mine;
Green Fields and Running Brooks; Poems
Here at Home; Armazindy; and A Child
World.
RILEY, JOHN CAMPBELL, physician,
author, was born Dec. 16, 1828, in George
town, D. C. He was a Washington physi
cian who wrote a Compend of Materia
Medica and Therapeutics. He died Feb.
22, 1879, in Washington, D. C.
RIMMER, CAROLINE HUNT, author,
was born in 1851 in Massachusetts. She
is the author of Animal Drawing.
RIMMER, WILLIAM, sculptor, artist,
educator, author, was born Feb. 20, 1816,
in England. He was a Boston painter,
sculptor and teacher of art anatomy, who
also practiced medicine, but gave up his
profession to devote himself to art. He
was the author of Art Anatomv; and
Elements of Design. He died Aug. 20,
1879, in South Milford, Mass.
RINAKER, JOHN IRVING, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born in Balti
more, Md. In 1862 he raised and organ
ized the one hundred
and twenty-second
regiment of Illinois
infantry volunteers,
and was mustered
into the military ser-
vice of the United
States Sept. 4, 1862,
as colonel of that
regiment, and served
• , ^^^f three years, till the
close of the war. He
was made brevet
brigadier-general for
gallant and meritorious services in the
field. He served as presidential elector
on the republican ticket twice — in 1872
as elector for the seventeenth congression
al district of Illinois and in 1876 as elector
for the state at large; and was a delegate
to the republican national convention in
1876 and again in 1884. He was a member
of the board of railroad and warehouse
commissioners of Illinois under Governor
Oglesby from 1885 to 1889. He was elect
ed to the fifty-fourth congress in 1894 as
a republican.
RINEHART, WILLIAM HENRY, sculp
tor, was born Sept. 13, 1825, near Union
Bridge, Md. He was commissioned to
finish the modeling of the bronze doors
of the capitol at Washington, which
Crawford had left unfinished at his death.
Copies of several of his noted pieces are
in the Corcoran Gallery of Art, in Wash
ington, D. C.
RING, LLEWELLYN BICKNELL, jour
nalist, was born June 12, 1854, in Cooks-
ville, Wis. He is the editor and proprie
tor of The Times of Neillsville, Wis. He
has served as deputy United States mar-
shall at Shanghai, China, and was sub
sequently engaged in newspaper work at
Washington, D. C., and at La Crosse,
Wis.
790
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RINGGOLD, CADWALADER, naval of
ficer, was born Aug. 20, 1802, in Washing
ton county, Md. He was commissioned
commodore in 1862, and placed on the re
tired list in 1864. He was promoted to
rear-admiral in 1866. He died April 29,
1867, in New York city.
RINGGOLD, GEORGE HAY, soldier,
author, was born in 1814 in Hagerstown,
Md. He served in the pay department
during the Mexican war, became lieuten
ant-colonel and deputy paymaster-gen
eral in May, 1862, and was in charge of
the paymasters of the department of the
Pacific from 1861 till his death. He was
an accomplished scholar, draughtsman,
and painter, and published Fountain
Rock, Amy Weir, and Other Metrical Pas
times. He died April 4, 1864, in San
Francisco, Cal.
RINGGOLD, SAMUEL, congressman,
was born Jan. 13, 1770, in Chestertown,
Md. He was a representative in congress
from Maryland from 1810 to 1815, and
again from 1817 to 1821. He died Oct.
18, 1829, in Frederick county, Md.
RINGGOLD, SAMUEL, soldier, invent
or, was born in 1800 in Washington coun
ty, Md. He became captain in 1836, par
ticipated in the Florida war, and was bre-
vetted major for active and efficient con
duct during hostilities. He introduced fly
ing artillery into this country, and in
vented a saddle-tree, which was subse
quently known as the McClelland saddle,
and a rebounding hammer made of brass
for exploding the fulminating primers for
field-guns, that prevented the blowing
away of the hammer. He died May 11,
1846, in Point Isabel, Tex.
RINGOLD, THOMAS, congressman,
He was a delegate from Maryland to the
colonial congress, which met in New York
in 1765.
RINGOLSKY, ISSIE JOSEPH, lawyer,
was born Sept. 24. 1864, in Leavenworth,
Kan. He received the rudiments of his
education in the high school of his 'na
tive city; and from the law and literary
departments of the university of Michi
gan. He is one of the leading lawyers of
Kansas City, Mo., and has the largest
practice of any individual lawyer in that
city.
RINGS, DANIEL, lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to the territory of
Arkansas, and was the first chief justice
of the supreme court of the state. He
died Sept. 3, 1873, in Little Rock, Ark.
RIORDAN, PATRICK WILLIAM, edu
cator, Roman catholic archbishop, was born
Aug. 27, 1841, in Ireland. From 1868 till
1871 he was engaged in missionary work
at Joliet, 111., after which he became rec
tor of St. James's church, Chicago. While
he was thus engaged he received notice
of his appointment as titular bishop of
Cabasa, and coadjutor, with the right of
succession, to Archbishop Joseph S. Ale-
many, of San Francisco.
RIORDAN, ROGER, journalist, author,
was born in 1848 in Ireland. He is a New
York city journalist, and the author of
A Score of Etchings; and Sunrise Stories,
a Glance at the Literature of Japan.
RIPLEY, EDWARD PAYSON, railroad
president, was born Oct. 80, 1845, in Dor
chester, Mass. Since 1896 he has been
president of the Atchison, Topeka and
Santa Fe railway at Chicago, 111.
RIPLEY, ELEAZAR WHEELOCK,
soldier, congressman, was born April 15,
1782, in Hanover, N. H. He was speaker
of the Massachusetts house of representa
tives in 1811. He moved to Louisiana,
whence he was elected to congress, serv
ing from 1835 to the time of his death.
He died March 2, 1839, in West Feliciana,
La.
RIPLEY, EZRA, clergyman, author,
was born May 1, 1751, in Woodstock, Conn.
He was a chaplain in the army, and a
popular clergyman of Concord, Mass. He
was the author of A History of the Fight
at Concord. He died Sept. 21, 1841, in
Concord, Mass.
RIPLEY, GEORGE, clergyman, journal
ist, author, was born Oct. 3, 1802, in
Greenfield, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman who was pastor in Boston in
1826-41, and then for several years the
chief promoter of the famous Brook Farm
experiment. In 1849 he became literary
editor of The New York Tribune, and
continued in that position until his death.
With C. A. Dana he edited the American
Cyclopedia, 1857-63, and also the revised
edition of the same, 1873-76. His liter
ary criticisms exerted a wide and bene
ficial influence. He was the author of
Discourses on the Philosophy of Relig
ion; and Letters to Andrews Norton on
the Latest Form of Infidelity. He died
July 4, 1880, in New York city.
RIPLEY, HENRY JONES, clergyman,
educator, author, was born Jan. 28, 1798,
in Boston, Mass. He was a baptist cler
gyman who held a pastorate in Georgia
in 1819-26, and from 1826 to 1860 was a
professor in the Theological seminary at
Newton, Mass. He was the author of
Notes on the Gospels, Acts, Hebrews;
Christian Baptism; Church Polity; and
The Exclusiveness of the Baptists. He
died May 21, 1875, in Newton Center,
Mass.
RIPLEY, HENRY WHEELOCK, mer
chant, author, was born June 30, 1828, in
Fryeburg, Maine. He is a great grandson
of Eleazer E. Whee-
lock, the founder and
first president of
Dartmouth college.
He received his edu
cation in the Frye
burg academy, and
for many years was
engaged in mercan
tile business. He
was inspector of cus
toms in Portland,
Maine, in 1860, and
is the author of The
History of the White Mountains.
RIPLEY, JAMES W., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman. He served
four years in the legislature of Maine;
was an officer in the last war with Eng
land, and was a member of congress from
Maine from 1826 to 1830, when he was ap
pointed collector of customs for the Passa-
maquoddy district of Maine. He died in
June, 1835.
RIPLEY, JAMES WOLFE, soldier, was
born Dec. 10, 1794, in Windham, Conn.
He served in the second war with Great
Britain. He received the brevet of brig
adier-general United States army in
July, 1861, and in August was promoted to
the full rank. From his retirement until
his death he was inspector of the arma
ment of fortifications on the New
England coast. In 1865 he received the
brevet of major-general United States
army for long and faithful service. He
died March 16, 1870, in Hartford, Conn.
RIPLEY, ROSWELL SABINE, soldier,
author, was born March 14, 1823, in
Worthington, Ohio. He was a confederate
army officer of prominence who wrote a
History of the Mexican War. He died
March 26, 1887, in New York city.
RIPLEY, THOMAS C., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 2, 1807, in Easton,
N. Y. He was elected a representative
from New York to the twenty-ninth con
gress to fill a vacancy. In 1854 he move'd
to Sasinaw, Mich.
RISING, WILLARD BRADLEY, chem
ist, educator, was born Sept. 26, 1839, in
Mecklenburg, N. Y. For several years he
was consulting analyst to the state viti-
cultural commission, and was entrusted
with important studies connected with
the chemistry of wine. In 1885 he was
appointed state analyst of California, with
charge of the examination of various food-
Iiroducts.
RISLEY, ELIJAH, congressman, was
born in 1780 in Connecticut. He was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1849 to 1851. He died Jan. 9, 1870,
in Fredonia, Conn.
RISLEY, SAMUEL DOTY, soldier, sur
geon, author, was born Jan. 16, 1845, in
Cincinnati, Ohio. He has invented an op-
tometer with perimeter attachment for
measuring errors of refraction in the hu
man eye and mapping the field of vision,
and an ophthalmoscope with cylindrical
lenses, securing a wide range of spherico-
cylindrical lenses. He has published nu
merous papers on his specialty, which in
clude The More Frequently Occurring
Forms of Conjunctival Disease; and the
Mydriatics Compared.
RISTY, AUSTIN G., educator, legisla
tor, was born April 8, 1855, in Norway.
In 1867 he emigrated to the United States,
and for seventeen years taught school.
He is an ardent advocate of temperance;
has filled numerous municipal offices, and
served as a member of the South Dakota
state legislature.
RISUM, OTTO A., soldier, merchant,
legislator, was born Feb. 23, 1835, in Nor
way. He is a successful merchant of Pul-
cifer, Wis., and for sixteen years its post
master. He has served as a member of
the Wisconsin state assembly, and has
always taken a prominent part in politics.
RITAN, OLE A., lumberman, merchant,
was born Feb. 16, 1849, in Norway. In
1867 he emigrated to the United States,
and in 1874 located
in Wisconsin. Four
years later he estab
lished a general
store in Cumberland,
Wis., the first one
built on the island.
He has attained suc
cess in business, and
has taken an active
part in the public af
fairs of his city and
county. He was one
of the first board of
aldermen when the city was organized,
and was previously president of the vil
lage council.
R1TCH, JOHN WARREN, architect,
was born June 22, 1822, in Putnam, N. Y.
Among his important works in New \ork
city are the Bank of Commerce, the Union
Dime Savings bank, the buildings of the
American Express company and the Me"r-
chants' Despatch company, St. Luke's
hospital, the State Emigrant hospital, the
Nursery and Child's hospital, and the
artificial islands and Quarantine hospital
in the lower bay. During 1847-48 he edit
ed the American Architect.
RITCH, WILLIAM GILLET, legislator,
governor, was born May 4, 1830, in Wa-
warsing, N. Y. He was elected to the
state senate of the. Wisconsin legislature,
and was chosen a member of the electoral
college. In 1869 he established the Winne-
bago County Press at Neenah. In 1873
President Grant appointed him secretary
of the territory of New Mexico, which he
filled for twelve years, three years of
which he served as governor. He is the
author of two volumes of Spanish-Ameri
can history, entitled The Blue Book of
New Mexico Aztlan.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
791
RITCHEY, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He settled in Ohio,
and was elected a representative in con
gress from that state from 1847 to 1849,
and again from 1853 to 1855.
RITCHIE, MRS. ANNA CORA (OG-
DEN) (MOW ATT), actress, author, was
born in 1822 in France. She was a once
popular actress who
retired from the
stage in 1854, and
for the last ten years
of her life lived in
Florence and Lon
don. Her writings
include several no
vels: The Fortune
Hunter; The Mute
Singer; Fairy Fin
gers; Evelyn; The
Twin Roses; The
Clergyman's Wife;
two successful plays, Fashion and Ar-
mand; Mimic Life, or Before and Behind
the Curtain; and Autobiography of an
Actress, the last named an exceedingly
popular book. She died in 1870.
RITCHIE, BYRON F., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan, 29, 1853, in Grafton,
Ohio. He was admitted to the bar in
1874; and has since practiced his chosen
profession in Toledo, Ohio. He was elect
ed to the fifty-third congress as a demo
crat.
RITCHIE, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Aug. 19, 1812, in
Canansburg, Pa. He was a representative
from Pennsylvania to the thirty-third,
thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
After leaving congress he held the office
of judge for about one year. He died Jan.
24, 1867, in Pittsburg, Pa. .
RITCHIE, HENRY J., railroad presi
dent, was born Feb. 11, 1865, in Canada.
Since 1895 he has been president of the
St. Augustine and South Beach railway.
RITCHIE, JAMES MONROE, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 28, 1829, in
Scotland. He adopted the profession of
the law. He was a delegate to the repub
lican national convention 'of 1880 from
Ohio, and elected to the forty-seventh
congress.
RITCHIE, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
was born Aug. 12, 1831, in Frederick City,
Md. In 1860 he was elected a presidential
elector; in 1867 was elected attorney for
Frederick county to serve for four years;
and was elected a representative from
Maryland to the forty-second congress.
RITCHIE, THOMAS, journalist, was
born Nov. 5, 1778, in Essex county, Va.
He became editor of the Richmond Ex
aminer in 1804, whose name he changed
to the Enquirer, and he continued to edit
and publish it for forty years. At the re
quest of President Polk he resigned the
Enquirer to his two sons in 1845, and, re
moving to Washington, assumed the edi
torial control of the Union, the organ of
the administration, but retired in 1849.
He died Jan. 12, 1854, in Richmond, Va.
RITESMAN, JOHN SMART, farmer,
public official, was born Jan. 1, 1830, in
Morgan county, Ind. In 1876 he moved
to Kansas, and has been successful in
farming, and has a fine farm at Benning-
ton. He has been justice of the peace
for a number of years, and held various
other public offices of trust in his county.
RITNER, JOSEPH, state legislator,
governor, was born March 25, 1780, in
Berks county, Pa. He was frequently a
member of the legislature of Pennsylvania
from 1820 to 1827; and was the candidate
of the anti-Masons for governor in 1829,
but was defeated. He was afterwards
governor from 1835 to 1839. He died Oct.
16, 1869, in Carlisle, Pa.
RITTENHOUSE, DAVID, scientist, was
born April 8, 1732, in Roxborough, Pa.
In 1763 he was employed to determine
Mason and Dixon's Line, which he did
with instruments of his own construc
tion, and afterwards fixed the boundaries
of several other states. He was appointed
by the American Philosophical society to
observe the transit of Venus in 1769.
From 1777 to 1789 he was treasurer of
Pennsylvania. He was a director of the
United States mint from 1792 to 1795. He
died June 26, 1796, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RITTENHOUSE, LAURA J., author,
poet, was born in 1841 in Grand Chain,
111. She is the author of two books: Out
of the Depths, a poem; and a book of tem
perance stories for young children.
RITTER, ABRAHAM, merchant, au
thor, was born in September, 1792, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a merchant of
Philadelphia, and the author of History
of the Moravian Church in Philadelphia;
and Philadelphia and Her Merchants. He
died Oct. 8, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RITTER, BURWELL C., agriculturist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Jan. 6, 1810, in Barren county, Ky. He
was a member of the legislature of Ken
tucky in 1843 and 1850, and in 1864 was
a presidential elector. In 1865 he was
elected a representative from Kentucky to
the thirty-ninth congress.
RITTER, CARLTON M., educator, col
lege president, was born Sept. 1, 1850, in
East Varick, N. Y. After receiving the
rudiments of his education, he attended
the State Normal college of Albany, N.
Y. ; and has since attained prominence as
one of the foremost educators of Califor
nia. He has been principal of the Gram
mar school, and vice-principal of the High
school of Stockton, and professor of math
ematics in the State Normal school of
Chico, of which institution he is now pres
ident.
RITTER, MRS. FANNY RAYMOND,
author, poet, was born in 18 — . She is the
author of Woman as a Musician; Some
Famous Songs, an Art Historical Sketch;
and Songs and Ballads.
RITTER, FREDERICK LOUIS, musi
cian, composer, author, was born in 1834
in France. He was a musician of Alsace
who came to the United States in 1856, and
becoming professor of music at Vassar
college in 1867, retained that position un
til his death. He was the author of
Music in England; Music in America;
History of Music in the Form of Lectures;
and Manual of Musical History. He died
in 1891.
RITTER, GEORGE ALEXANDER,
lawyer, writer, was born Feb. 2, 1854, in
Edwardsville, 111. He received the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in the public
schools of Nauvoo,
111.; attended Bay-
lee's Commercial col
lege of Keokuk,
Iowa; the Christian
Brothers academy;
and the Washington
university of St.
Louis, Mo. He was
admitted to the bar
in 1870 in St. Louis,
Mo., and for many
years practiced law with success in Nau
voo, 111. He was offered many public po
sitions of trust, but always declined; and
his name was several times mentioned in
connection with the governorship of Illi
nois by the public press and the young
democracy. He is the author of a work
entitled The Lawyer and the Law as a
Profession; has made numerous contrib
utions to legal science, and his essay en
titled Legal Reform was brought to the
attention of the Illinois State Bar asso
ciation. He has always written on and
espoused the cause of a uniform system
or code of pleading, as against the old
common law form of pleading. He has
advocated numerous reforms through the
press, and has made some valuable con
tributions to mental science. He is an
honorary member of various societies; ad
vocated the building of the Nauvoo High
school; and was instrumental in other im
provements in his city, county and state.
On account of his wife's health he moved
to Denver, Col., in 1897, where he is now
engaged in the law and collections.
RITTER, JOHN, journalist, congress
man, was born Feb. 6, 1779, in Exeter
Township, Pa. The election to the con
vention to revise the constitution of Penn
sylvania in 1836, and elections to seats in
the twenty-eighth and twenty-ninth con
gresses, from Pennsylvania, came to him
as spontaneous declarations of popular
confidence, and respect. He died Nov. 24,
1851, in Reading, Pa.
RITZEMA, JOHANNES, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1710 in Holland. He
was senior minister of the reformed
Dutch church of New York city, held pas
toral relations there from 1744 till 1784,
and frequently preached at Harlem, Phil-
ipsburg, Fordham, and Cortlandt. He was
one of the original trustees of Columbia
college. He died in 1795 in Kinderhook,
N. Y.
RIVERS, RICHARD HENDERSON,
clergyman, educator, author, was born
Sept. 11, 1814, in Montgomery county,
Tenn. He was a methodist clergyman and
educator of Alabama, and for many years
pastor in Louisville in 1883-87. He was
the author of Mental Philosophy; Moral
Philosophy; Our Young People; Life of
Robert Paine; and Arrows from Two
Quivers. He died in 1894.
RIVERS, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in Tennessee. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1855 to 1857.
RIVERS, WILLIAM JAMES, educator,
college president, author, was born
July 18, 1822, in Charleston, S. C.
He graduated from the South Carolina
college of Columbia in 1841. For seven
teen years he was professor of Greek lit
erature in the State college of South Car
olina; and for fourteen years was presi
dent of a college in Maryland. He is the
author of The Early History of South
Carolina; Topics in the History of South
Carolina; a volume of College Addresses
and Other Occasional Pieces; The Poems
Kldred; and numerous poems.
RIVES, ALFRED LANDON, civil engin
eer, was born March 25, 1830, in France.
He was an assistant engineer in com
pleting the United States capitol build
ing, Washington, D. C., and in building
the aqueduct there, in charge of the Unit
ed States survey in improving the Poto
mac river; and designed and constructed
the Cabin John bridge, near Washington,
which at the time of its completion was
the largest single-arch stone bridge in the
world.
RIVES, AMELIE, author, was born Aug.
23, 1863, in Richmond, Va. Her first work
was a story in the Atlantic Monthly,
which has since appeared with others in
book-form under the title of A Brother to
Dragons, and Other Old-Time Tales. Her
subsequent work includes stories and
poems, and a novel entitled The Quick or
the Dead?
RIVES, FRANCIS E., congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1837
to 1841. He died Nov. 30, 1861.
792
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RIVES, MRS. JUDITH PAGE (WALK
ER), author, was born March 24, 1802, in
Castle Hill, Va. She was the author of
Souvenirs of a Residence in Europe;
Home and ihe World; The Canary Bird;
and Epitome of the Bible. She died Jan.
23, 1882, in Castle Hill, Va.
RIVES, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, was born June 17, 1806, in Nelson
county, Va. He settled in Albemarle
county, Va., from which he was elected
to the state legislature at intervals from
1835 to 1861, the latest years in the sen
ate. In 1866 he was appointed to the
supreme court of appeals of Virginia, and
his opinions were published in several
volumes. He gave up his seat on the
bench in 1869; and in 1871 was appointed
United States district judge for the west
ern district of Virginia.
RIVES, WILLIAM CABELL, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, Uni
ted States senator, author, was born May
4, 1793, in Nelson county, Va. He was
elected to the legislature of Virginia in
1817-19, from Nelson county, and in 1822
was elected to the same position from
Albemarle county. In 1823 he was elected
a representative in congress, and served
for three successive terms. In 1829 he was
appointed minister to France. In 1832
was elected a senator in congress. He
was re-elected in 1835, and served until
1839. In 1840 he was elected to the sen
ate, for a third term, where he remained
until 1845. In 1849 he was a second time
appointed minister to France; and re
turned to the United States in 1853. He
published a history of the Life and Times
of James Madison. He took part in the
rebellion of 1861 as a member of the so-
called confederate congress. He died
April 25, 1868, in Castle Hill, Va.
RIXEY, JOHN FRANKLIN, agricultur
ist, lawyer, congressman. He was edu
cated in the common schools, at Bethel
academy, and at the
university of Vir
ginia. He attained
success as a farmer;
and is one of the
foremost lawyers of
Virginia. For twehe
years he was com
monwealth attorney
for Culpeper county;
and was elected to
the fifty - fifth con
gress as a democrat.
He has served on
Several important committees, and always
takes an active part in debates.
ROACH, JOHN, shipbuilder, was born
Dec. 25, 1813, in Ireland. In 1840 he went
to Illinois to buy land, but he returned
^^^^^ to New York, and
worked as a machin
ist for several years,
and then established
a foundry with three
fellow-workmen. The
explosion of a boiler
nearly ruined him
financially, but he
rebuilt his works,
which were known
as the ./Etna Iron
works. Here he con
structed the largest
tliut had been built in the United
States at that time, and also the first com
pound engines. In 1868 he bought the
Morgan Iron works In New York city, and
also the Neptune. Franklin Forge, and
Allaire works, and in 1871 the ship yards
in Chester, Pa., that were owned by Raln-
er and Sons. He died Jan. 10, 1887, In
New York city.
ROACH, JOHN DANIEL, soldier, law
yer, was born May 1, 1842, in Monroe
county, Ala. He graduated from the uni
versity of Virginia,
a t Charlottesville.
During the war he
served under Gen. R.
E. Lee from April,
1861, to February,
1865; and subse
quently taught
school in Alabama.
He takes an active
interest in the politi
cal affairs of Louisi
ana at Mansfield,
where he has a lu
crative practice, and has been successfully
engaged in law for over a quarter of a
century.
ROACH, WILLIAM NATHANIEL, ag
riculturist, state legislator, United States
senator, was born Sept. 25, 1840, in Wash
ington, D. C. He was mayor of Larimore.
S. D., Irom 1883 to 1887; was a member of
the territorial legislature of the session of
1885, and was twice democratic candidate
for governor of his state. He was elected
United States' senator in 1893.
ROANE, ARCHIBALD, governor. He
was governor of Tennessee from 1801 to
1803.
ROANE, JOHN, congressman, was born
in Virginia. He was a presidential elec
tor in 1809; and was a representative in
congress from that state from 1815 to
1817; from 1827 to 1831, and for a third
term from 1835 to 1837. He died Dec. 18,
1869, in Washington, D. C.
ROANE, JOHN J.. congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia, his native state, from 1831 to
1833.
ROANE. JOHN SELDEN, soldier, gov
ernor, was born Jan. 8, 1817, in Wilson
county, Tenn. He was governor of Ar
kansas from 1848 to 1852; and was a brig
adier-general in the confederate army.
He died April 7, 1867, in Pine Bluff, Ark.
ROANE, JOHN T., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1809 to 1815.
ROANE, SPENCER, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, author, was born April 4,
1762, in Essex, Va. He was successively a
member of the assembly, council and sen
ate. In 1789 he was appointed a judge of
the general court; and in 1794 a judge of
the court of errors.
ROANE. WILLIAM HARRISON, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
in 1788 in Virginia. He was twice elected
a member of the executive council of Vir
ginia; and was once a delegate to the gen
eral assembly. He was a representative
in congress from 1815 to 1817; and was a
senator of the United States from 1837 to
1841. He died May 11, 1845, in Tree Hill,
Va.
ROBB, EDWARD, lawyer, state legisla
tor, congressman, was born March 19, 1857,
in Brazeau, Mo. He was educated in the
common schools,
Hrazeau academy,
Fruitland Normal in
stitute, and the Mis
souri state univer
sity; graduated from
the law department
of the Missouri State
university in March.
1879, ami the May
following located in
Perryville, where he
has since been en
gaged in the practice
of his profession. He was elected prose
cuting attorney of Perry county in 1880;
and re-elected in 1882. He was elected a
member of the legislature in 1884, and
re-elected in 1886. He was appointed as
sistant attorney-general of the state in
1889, whioh position he held for the term
of four years. He was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
ROBB, JAMES BURCH, lawyer, author,
was born April 14, 1817, in Baltimore,
Md. He prepared and publisher! a valu
able compilation of Patent Cases in Su
preme and County Courts of the United
States to 1850, in two volumes. He died
Nov. 3, 1876, in Boston, Mass.
ROBB, JAMES HAMPDEN, banker,
state senator, was born Oct. 27, 1846, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a member of
the legislature of New York in 1882; and
state senator in 1884-85.
ROBB, W. H., journalist, state legisla
tor, was born in 1856, in Williamsport,
Pa. For over a quarter of a century he
has been the editor and owner of the In
dependent American of Creston, Iowa, a
daily and weekly newspaper, and one of
the ablest reform journals in the United
States. He has served two terms as a
member of the Iowa state legislature.
ROBBIE, REUBEN, congressman, was
torn in Vermont. He settled in New
York, and was elected a representative in
congress from that state from 1851 to
1853.
ROBBIN, STEPHEN HERBERT,
clergyman, was born Oct. 4, 1858, in Can
ada. He received the rudiments of his
education in the Ontario public schools,
and graduated from the St. Lawrence uni
versity of Canton, N. Y. He is now one
of the foremost clergymen of New Eng
land; has filled pastorates in Genoa and
Victor, N. Y.; Bay City, Mich.; and Bos
ton, Mass. He has been president of the
Social union; is a member of the Boston
Art club; chairman of the creed revision
committee in Chicago in 1897; and a prom
inent Mason and a member of various
societies.
ROBBINS, ASHER, lawyer, state sen
ator, was born Oct. 26, 1757, in Wethers-
field, Conn. He was United States district
attorney in 1812. He was a leading sen
ator in congress from Rhode Island from
1S25 to 1839; and was a member of the
Rhode Island legislature for many years.
He died Feb. 25, 1845, in Newport, R. I.
ROBBINS, CHANDLER, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 24, 1738, in Branford,
Conn. He published A Reply to John Cot
ton's Essays on Baptism; An Address at
Plymouth to the Inhabitants assembled to
celebrate the victories of the French Re
public o\er their Invaders; An Anniver
sary Sermon on the Landing at Plymouth;
and other discourses. He died June 30,
1799, in Plymouth, Mass.
ROBBINS. CHANDLER, was born Feb.
14, 1810, in Lynn, Mass. He was a uni-
tarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of the
Second church in 1833-74; and the author
of Liturgy for the Use of a Christian
Church; History of the Second or Old
North Church; Memoir of Benjamin Cur
tis; and Portrait of a Christian Drawn
from Life. He died Sept. 11, 1882. in
Weston. Mass.
ROBBINS, EDWARD EVERETT, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was burn
Sept. 27. 1860, in Westmoreland county.
Pa. He was admitted to the Westmore
land, Pa., bar In 1884, and at once en
gaged in the practice of law; and was
nominated for district attorney in 1886.
He was elected in 1888 to the state senate,
and served in that body till 1892. He
is major and quartermaster of the second
brigade, state militia; and was elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
793
i
ROBBINS, ELIZA, educator, author,
was born in 1786 in Massachusetts. She
was an educator in Boston for many years;
and the author of Elements of Mythology;
Grecian History; and Tales from Ameri
can History. She died in 1853.
ROBBINS, FRANCIS LE BARON, cler
gyman, was born May 2, 1830, in Camillus,
N. Y. He took up the work of founding a
church in Kensington, the center of the
manufacturing district of Philadelphia. In
this he succeeded, and in 1886 the Beacon
Presbyterian church was dedicated.
ROBBINS, GASTON A., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 26, 1859, in
Alabama. He entered the university of
North Carolina in
1877, and graduated
in 1879, studied law
with Dick and Dil-
lard, at Greensboro,
N. C. He was admit
ted to practice law in
the supreme court of
North Carolina in
1880. Returning then
to Selma, Ala., he
employed himself in
the practice of the
law; and was presi
dential elector on the Cleveland and Hen-
dricks ticket in 1884. He was elected to
the fifty-third and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a democrat. His father,
a noted lawyer, was killed in the confed
erate service in 1864.
ROBBINS. GEORGE R., physician, con
gressman, was born Sept. 24, 1812, in Al-
lentown, N. J. He was elected from New
Jersey to the house of representatives of
the thirty-fourth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-fifth congress.
ROBBINS, HENRY ALFRED, physi
cian, author, was born Feb. 9, 1839, in St.
Louis. Mo. He is a prominent physician
of Washington City; and is the author of
Non-Venereal Syphilis; Organic Syphilis;
and Under the Red Flag of the Com
mune.
ROBBINS, HORACE WOLCOTT, artist,
was born Oct. 21, 1842, in Mobile, Ala.
Many of his works are pictures of moun
tain and lake scenery, in the delineation
of which he has, perhaps, been most suc
cessful. His oil-paintings include Blue
Hills of Jamaica; Passing Shower, Ja
maica; Roadside Elms; Harbor Islands,
Lake George; Lake Katahdin, Maine;
Early Autumn, Adirondacks; Sunset on
the Tunxis; Darkening in the Evening
Glory; and The Lane.
ROBBINS, JANE BODWELL BAR-
NETT, educator, pioneer, was born Feb.
24, 1815, in Methuen, Mass. She was a
pioneer in Wisconsin in 1855, in Minne
sota in 1856, and in Washington terri
tory in 18V8. She was an active teacher,
pioneer, Sunday-school and Woman's
Christian Temperance union worker, and
a missionary and suffrage patron. She
voted in the years 1881-87 in Washington
territory; and there died on Nov. 19, 1894,
at Cheney.
ROBBINS. JOHN, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was for several years engaged in the
iron and steel business. He was elected
to congress in 1848, 1850 and 1852; subse
quently held a number of local positions;
and in 1874 was elected to the forty-
fourth congress as a democrat.
ROBBINS, JOSEPH, patriot, revolution
ary soldier, was born Feb. 22, 1729, in Ac
ton, Mass. He commanded a company of
yeomanry in the first fight with the Brit-
ish at the old North Bridge at Concord,
April 19, 1775, in response to the call of
Paul Revere. On patriot's day, 1895, the
citizens of Acton, Concord and Lexing
ton set up a large memorial stone on the
place where once stood the home of Capt.
Joseph Robbins. He died March 31. 1800.
ROBBINS, MRS. MARY CAROLINE
fPIKE], author, was born in 1842, in
Maine. She is a writer for the magazines
on art, landscape gardening, and kindred
topics; and is the author of The Rescue
of An Old Place.
ROBBINS, RENSSELAER DAVID
CHANCEFORD, linguist, educator, au
thor, was born Dec. 23, 1811, in Wards-
borough, Vt. He contributed to the Bib-
liotheca Sacra, translated Egypt and the
Books of Moses from the German of E. W.
Hengstenberg; and Xenophon's Memora
bilia of Socrates, with notes, and edited
the third and fourth editions of Prof.
Moses Stuart's Commentaries on the Epis
tles to the Romans, Hebrews and Eccle-
siastes. He died Nov. 3, 1882, in Newton
Highlands, Mass.
ROBBINS, ROYAL, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 21, 1788, in Wethersfield,
Conn. He was a congregational clergy
man, pastor at Kensington, Conn., in 1816-
61; and the autfior of Outlines of Ancient
History; and The World Displayed. He
died March 26, 1861, in Berlin, Conn.
ROBBINS, WILLIAM M., soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
in 1829 in Randolph county, N. C. He
was elected to the senate of North Caro
lina in 1868, and re-elected in 1870. He
was elected to the forty-third and forty-
fourth congresses; and was re-elected to
the forty-fifth congress as a democrat.
ROBERDEAU. DANIEL, congressman,
was born in 1727 in the West Indies. He
was a delegate from Pennsylvania to the
continental congress from 1777 to 1779;
and was a signer of the articles of con
federation. He died Jan. 5, 1795, in Win
chester, Va.
ROBERTS, ADA PALMER, author, po
et, was born Feb. 14, 1852, in North East,
N. Y. Prior to her marriage in 1878 she
taught music. She is the author of a
number of popular stories; and her poems
have appeared in several standard works.
ROBERTS, MRS. ANNA SMITH
[RICKEY], poet, was born Dec. 23, 1827,
in Philadelphia, Pa. She was a poet who
published Forest Flowers of the West. She
died Aug. 10, 1858, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ROBERTS, ANTHONY E., merchant,
congressman, was born in October, 1803,
in Chester county, Pa. In 1839 he was
elected sheriff of Lancaster county, and
held the office till 1842; and in 1849 was
appointed marshal of the eastern district
of Pennsylvania. He was a representative
from Pennsylvania to the thirty-fourth
congress; and was re-elected to the thir
ty-fifth congress.
ROBERTS, BENJAMIN STONE, sol
dier, was born in 1811 in Manchester, Vt.
In 1835 he graduated from West Point;
and practiced law in
Iowa in 1843-46. He
then re-entered the
army; served with
distinction in the
Mexican and civil
wars; and attained
I the rank of major
general. After two
years as professor of
tactics at Yale col
lege, he retired from
active service in
1870; and then un
dertook the manufacture and sale of a
rifle of his own invention. He died Jan.
29, 1875, in Washington, D. C.
ROBERTS, BENJAMIN TITUS, clergy
man, author, was born in 1823 in New
York. He was a free methodist clergy
man of North Chili, N. Y., founder of
Chesbrough academy there in 1865, and
president of that institution in 1869-93. He
was the author of Fishers of Men; Why
Another Sect; First Lessons on Money;
and Ordaining Women. He died in 1893.
ROBERTS, CHARLES B., lawyer, leg
islator, jurist, congressman, was born
April 19, 1842, in Uniontown, Md. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the public schools, and graduated at
Calvert college of New Windsor, Md. Dur
ing 1874-78 he was a member of congress
from the second Maryland congressional
district. For four years he was attor
ney general of Maryland; afterward be
came associate judge of the court of ap
peals of Maryland; and subsequently chief
judge of the fifth judicial circuit of Mary
land.
ROBERTS, CHARLES GEORGE DOUG
LAS, litterateur, author, poet, was born
in 1860 in New Brunswick. He is a pop
ular Canadian poet and writer, formerly
a professor of iiterature in King's col
lege, Windsor, Nova Scotia, and in re
cent years a resident of New York city.
His work in verse includes, Orion, and
Other Poems; in Divers Tones; The Book
of the Native. His prose comprises,
Earth's Enigmas, a collection of short
stories; The Forge in the Forest, an Aca
dian Romance; A History of Canada;
Around the Camp Fire; Canadian' Guide
Book; Reube Dare's Shad Boat; Raid from
Beausejour, and How the Carter Boys
Lifted the Mortgage.
ROBERTS, ELLIS H., journalist, state
legislator, congressman, was born Sept.
30, 1827, in Utica, N. Y. He was a mem
ber of the legislature of the state of New
York in 1867. He was elected a represen
tative from New York to the forty-sec
ond and forty-third congresses. He was the
author of Government Revenue; and New
York, the Planting and Growth of the
Empire State.
ROBERTS, ELWOOD, educator, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born Jan. 22,
1846, in Wilmington, Del. He received a
liberal education; and for fourteen years
taught in the public and private schools
of Pennsylvania. Since 1882 he has been
engaged in editorial work on the Norris-
town Herald, one of the foremost daily
and weekly newspapers of the east. He
is one of the founders of the Montgomery
County Historical society, and is its li-
Vrarian. He is the author of a series of
papers on Valley Forge Camp-Ground,
now being published in book form; a vol
ume of poems entitled Lyrics of Quaker
ism; and he is greatly interested in
genealogical research.
ROBERTS, GEORGE BROOKE, rail
road president, was born Jan. 15, 1833, in
Montgomery county, Pa. Since 1880 he
has been president of the Pennsylvania
railroad; and is also president of nu
merous other railroad corporations.
ROBERTS, GEORGE LITCH. lawyer,
was born Dec. 30, 1836, in Boston, Mass.
He is one of the foremost patent lawyers
in the United States.
ROBERTS, HOWARD, sculptor, was
born April 9, 1843, in Philadelphia. He
opened a studio in Philadelphia, and pro
duced there his first work of note, the
statuette Hester and Pearl, from Haw
thorne's Scarlet Letter. Among his oth
er works are Hypatia; Lucille, a bust;
Lot's Wife, a statuette; and numerous
ideal and portrait busts. His statue of
Robert Fulton is in the capitol at Wash
ington.
794
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ROBERTS, ISAAC PHILIPS, professor
of agriculture, was born July 24, 1833, in
East Varick, N. Y. He is professor of ag
riculture in and director of the College
of Agriculture and experimental station
of the Cornell university. He is also on
the editorial staff of the Country Gen
tleman.
ROBERTS, JAMES ARTHUR, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, was born March
8, 1847, in Waterboro, Maine. In 1870 he
graduated from Bow-
doin college. At the
age of seventeen he
joined the seventh
Maine battery, and
took part in the final
engagements of the
civil war. After leav
ing college he taught
scbool in Portland,
Maine; and in 1875
was admitted to the
bar at Buffalo, N. Y.
During 1879-80 he
was a member of the New York state
assembly. He was appointed a member
of the park commission; and has been
vice-president, director, attorney, or sec
retary of a score of institutions in me
state of New York. In 1893 he was elect
ed state comptroller for the state of New
York.
ROBERTS, JAMES BOOTH, actor, au
thor, was born Sept. 27, 1818, in New Cas
tle, Del. In 1851 he went to England
and played at Drury Lane theater, Lon
don, in the characters of Sir Giles Over
reach, King Lear, and Richard III. He
wrote a version of Goethe's Faust which
he produced in Philadelphia, playing Me-
phistopheles.
ROBERTS, JOB, agriculturist, jurist,
author, was born March 23, 1757, near
Gwynedd, Pa. He was among the first
to introduce and breed merino sheep in
Pennsylvania, and promoted the manufac
ture of silk. He published The Pennsyl
vania Farmer, being a Selection from the
Most Approved Treatises in Husbandry.
He died Aug. 20, 1851, near Gwynedd, Pa.
ROBERTS, JOHN BINGHAM, author,
was born in 1852 in Pennsylvania. He is
a Philadelphia physician; and the author
of Paracentesis of the Pericardium; and
Compendium of Anatomy.
ROBERTS, JOHN FRANCIS, legisla
tor, was born May 10, 1856, in Phelps
county, Mo. In 1893 he served as a mem
ber of the Arkansas state legislature. He
was twice president of the county Farm
er's Alliance, and has been a delegate to
the state alliance of Little Rock, Ark.
ROBERTS, JONATHAN, state senator,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Aug. 16, 1771, in Upper Meriou, Pa.
He was elected to both branches of the
Pennsylvania legislature; was a represen
tative in congress from 1811 to 1814.
From 3814 to 1821 he was a sen
ator of the United States. In 1841
he was appointed collector of the port of
Philadelphia. He died July 21, 1854, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
ROBERTS, JOSEPH, soldier, educator,
author, was born Dec. 30, 1814, in Mid-
dletown. Del. He was promoted colonel
in the fourth artillery in 1877; and was
placed on the retired list. He is the au
thor of a Hand-Book of Artillery (New
York, 1860).
ROBERTS, JOSEPH JENKINS, presi
dent of Liberia, was born March 15, 1809,
in Norfolk, Va. When the colony of Li
beria was founded by the American Colo
nization society he was first lieutenant-
governor and then governor of the col
ony, and, upon the formation of the re
public in 1848, he was elected its first pres
ident, serving four years. He died Feb.
24, 1876, in Liberia.
ROBERTS, ORAN MILO, soldier, law
yer, jurist, agriculturist, educator, gov
ernor, was born July 9, 1815, in Laurens
district, S. C. In 1841 he moved to Texas,
and settled at St. Augustine in the prac
tice of his profession; and in 1844 was ap
pointed district attorney, holding the of
fice until the annexation of Texas to the
United States. In 1846 he was appointed
judge of the fifth judicial district of Tex
as; and in 1857 was elected an associate
justice of the supreme court of Texas. In
1862 he resigned and entered the confed
erate army as colonel of the eleventh
Texas infantry. He was elected a United
States senator, but was not admitted to
his seat. From 1868 to 1870 he was pro
fessor of law and agriculture in the in
stitute at Gilmer, Texas. In 1874 he was
appointed chief justice of the state; and
was elected to that position in 1876. In
1878 he was elected governor of Texas;
and was re-elected in 1880. In 1883 he
became professor of law in the university
of Texas. He was the author of Govern
or Robinson's Texas.
ROBERTS, ROBERT ELLIS, merchant,
author, was born June 3, 1809, in Utica,
N. Y. He was a prominent merchant and
citizen of Detroit; and the author of
Sketches of Detroit; and The City of the
Straits. He died Feb. 18, 1881, in Detroit,
Mich.
' ROBERTS, ROBERT RICHFORD, mis
sionary, was born Aug. 2, 1778, in Fred
erick county, Md. He was called by the
Indians the grandfather of all the mis
sionaries. His history is identified with
the early methodist church. He died
March 26, 1843, in Lawrence county, Ind.
ROBERTS, ROBERT W., congressman,
was born in Delaware. He settled in Mis
sissippi; and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1843 to
1847.
ROBERTS, SARAH, author, was born
July 26. 1812, in Portsmouth. She was
the author of My Childhood; My Step-
Mother; and Voice of the Grass. She died
March 16, 1869, in New York city.
ROBERTS, SOLOMON WHITE, civil
engineer, author, was born Aug. 3, 1811,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a distin
guished civil engineer of Pennsylvania;
and the author of The Destiny of Pitts-
burg. He died March 20, 1882, in At
lantic City, N. J.
ROBERTS, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 25, 1809, in Wales.
He was a Welsh presbyterian clergyman
of Utica from 1875. He published, in
Welsh, The Abrahamic Covenant; and
The Election of Grace. He died in 1887.
ROBERTS, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 31, 1844, in
Wales. He is a presbyterian clergyman,
professor of theology in Lane seminary,
in 1886-93, and stated clerk of the gen
eral assembly from 1884. He is the au
thor of History of the Presbyterian
Church in the United States; Ecclesiasti
cal Status of Theological Seminaries; and
The Presbyterian System.
ROBERTS, WILLIAM RANDALL, mer-
cnant, congressman, was born Feb. 6, 1830,
in Ireland. He was elected a representa
tive from New York to the forty-second
and forty-third congresses as a democrat,
and in 1885 was appointed United States
minister to Chili.
ROBERTSON, ALEXANDER, artist,
was born in 1768 in Scotland. He painted
landscapes in water-color, and, like his
brother, was well known as a teacher. He
died May 27, 1841, in New York city.
ROBERTSON, ANTHONY LISPEN-
ARD, lawyer, jurist, was born June 8,
1808, in New York city. He was assist
ant vice-chancellor in 1846-48, surrogate
of New York city in 1848, and in 1859 was
elected a judge of the superior court. In
1864 he was elected for a second term,
and in 1866 was chosen chief justice by
his associates. He died Dec. 18, 1868, in
New York city.
ROBERTSON, ARCHIBALD, artist, was
born May 8, 1765, in Scotland. From 1792
till 1821 Robertson followed his profes
sion as a painter and instructor in New
York, working mostly in water-colors and
crayons. In 1802 he assisted in the pro
ject of forming an art academy, and in
1816, on the founding of the American
academy, he was elected a director. He
died Dec. 6, 1835, in New York city.
ROBERTSON, EDWARD WHITE, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born June
13, 1823, near Nashville, Tenn. He was
a representative in the Louisiana state
legislature from 1847 to 1849; and again
in the legislature in 1853. He was state
auditor from 1857 to 1862. He entered
the confederate army in the latter year
as captain, and served throughout the
war. He was elected a representative
from Louisiana to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses. He
died August, 1887, in Washington, D. C.
ROBERTSON, FELIX, physician, was
born Jan. 17, 1780, in Nashville, Tenn. He
was thoroughly identified with the city
of Nashville, being the first male child
born in the city, practiced medicine there
forty years, was twice mayor, also long
a president of the Bank of Tennessee, and
a presiding officer of the university of
Nashville. He died Sept. 10, 1865, in
Nashville, Tenn.
ROBERTSON, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
educator, state legislator, was born Nov.
18, 1790, in Mercer county, Ky. In 1816
he was elected a representative in con
gress, and served from 1817 to 1821. He
was a member of the legislature, and
speaker of the house during four sessions,
ending in 1827. In 1828 he was secretary
of state, and the same year was chosen
judge of the court of appeals. In 1829 he
was commissioned chief justice of Ken
tucky. He was professor of law in Tran
sylvania university for twenty-three
years. He died May 17, 1874, in Lexing
ton.
ROBERTSON, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1834
to 1839.
ROBERTSON, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, poet, was born in 1787 near Peters
burg, Va. He was a Virginia jurist; and
the author of Riego, or the Spanish Mar
tyr, a tragedy; and Opuscula, a book of
verse. He died July 5, 1873, in Mount
Athos, Va.
ROBERTSON, JOHN HENRY, journal
ist, reformer, was born July 30, 1866, near
Pine Bluff, Ark. He is a prominent mem
ber of the Knights of Labor; has been its
district secretary, state statistician, state
secretary-treasurer; general worthy in
spector; secretary of the general co-opera
tive board; general organizer; and during
1892-97 was a representative to the gen
eral assembly of the order of the Knights
of Labor. In 1894 he was Arkansas state
secretary of the Farmer's Alliance; and
in 1894-95 was assistant secretary of the
State Horticultural society. He is a suc
cessful journalist of Little Rock, Ark.,
and takes an active part in reform work.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
795
ROBERTSON, MERCER L., lawyer, was
born April 22, 1859, in Alexandria, Va.
In 1881 he graduated at the Law univer
sity of Virginia; and in 1882 received the
degree of B. L. from Yale college. He is
one of the foremost lawyers of Texas at
Dallas; has been alderman of his city, and
takes an active part in the public affairs
of his city, county and state.
ROBERTSON, ROBERT HENDER
SON, architect, was born April 29, 1849,
in Philadelphia, Pa. Among many build
ings of his design are the Madison Avenue
Methodist church, St. James's Episcopal
church, the Young Women's Christian as
sociation building, the Church of the Holy
Spirit, Phillips Presbyterian church, the
New York club building, the Railroad
Men's building, St. Augustine chapel,
Grace chapel, and the Mott Haven railroad
station, all in New York city.
ROBERTSON, ROBERT STODDART,
soldier, lawyer, statesman, was born April
16, 1839, in North Argyle, N. Y. He served
as a soldier during the civil war, and
was promoted to colonel of New York vol
unteers. During 1871-76 he was register
in bankruptcy; in 1886-88 he was lieuten
ant-governor of Indiana; and during 1881-
94 was a member of the Utah commis
sion. He is prominently identified with
the public institutions of Fort Wayne,
Ind.; and has filled numerous public po
sitions of honor in that city.
ROBERTSON, SAMUEL MATTHEWS,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, ed
ucator, was born Jan. 1, 1852, in Plaque-
mine, La. He was elected a member of
the Louisiana state legislature from the
parish of East Baton Rouge in 1879 for a
term of four years. In 1880 he was elected
a member of the faculty of the Louisiana
State university and Agricultural and Me
chanical college; and filled the chair of
natural history in that institution and the
position of commandant of cadets until he
was elected to the fiftieth congress to fill
a vacancy created by the death of his
father, E. W. Robertson. He was elect
ed to the fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses; and re-elect
ed to the fifty-fifth congress as a demo
crat.
ROBERTSON, THOMAS A., lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Sept. 9, 1848, in Hodgensville, Ky. He
was twice elected school commissioner
of La Rue county, Ky.; and afterward
was elected county attorney. In 1877 he
was elected a representative in the state
legislature. He was elected a represen
tative from Kentucky to the forty-eighth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth congress as a democrat.
ROBERTSON, THOMAS BOLLING, a
Virginian, became Louisiana's governor in
1820. In 1805 he moved from Virginia to
the territory of New Orleans; and be
came its attorney general. In 1807 he was
secretary of the territory, and for a time
acted as United States district attorney.
He was the first representative elected to
the United States congress from Louisi
ana after it became a state. He resigned
the governorship in 1824 to accept the
United States judgeship. He died Oct. 5,
1828, in White Sulphur Springs, Va.
ROBERTSON, THOMAS JAMES, plan
ter, state senator, was born Aug. 3, 1823,
in Fairfield county, S. C. In 1868 he was
elected a senator in congress from South
Carolina for the term ending in 1871;
and was re-elected for the term ending in
1877.
ROBERTSON, WILLIAM ADDISON
ROAN, farmer, lawyer, was born July 25,
1849, in Carlinville, 111. He attended the
public schools, the university of Carlin
ville, the Illinois college, and the Harvard
Law school. He has had a varied career;
was connected with the Fargo Daily Ar
gus for five years; has attained success
as a lawyer at Carlinville, 111.; and now
resides in Florida.
ROBERTSON, WILLIAM AIRD, ac
countant, journalist, was born Dec. 17,
I860, in Glasgow, Scotland. He is an ex
pert accountant of Salt Lake City,
Utah; and a journalist and mining pro
moter of prominence. He has also at
tained success in the insurance business;
and takes an active part in business en
terprises and political affairs.
ROBERTSON, WILLIAM D., railroad
president, was born Jan. 31, 1810, in South
Argyle, N. Y. Since 1884 he has been
president of the Greenwich and Johnson-
ville railway at Greenwich, N. Y.
ROBERTSON, WILLIAM H., lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, was
born Oct. 10, 1823, in Bedford, N. Y. In
1848 he was elected to the New York as
sembly, and re-elected in 1849. In 1854
he was elected to the state senate. In
1856 he was elected for four years judge of
Westchester county; and was re-elected in
1859, and also in 1863, serving eleven
years in all. In 1866 he was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the for
tieth congress; and in 1875 he was elect
ed to the senate of New York.
ROBERTSON, WINDHAM, governor,
was born Jan. 26, 1803, in Manchester,
Va. He was elected lieutenant-governor
of Virginia in 1834; and in 1836 was made
acting-governor of the state, remaining
in that position until 1837. He died Feb
11, 1888, in Washington county, Va.
ROBESON, GEORGE MAXWELL, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born in
1827 in Warren county, N. J. In 1859 he
was appointed prosecuting attorney for
Camden county. On the outbreak of the
rebellion was appointed a brigadier-gen
eral, and took an active part in the or
ganization of troops. In 1867 he was ap
pointed attorney-general of New Jersey,
which position he resigned to accept a
seat, in 1869, in the cabinet of President
Grant, as secretary of the navy. He re
mained in the cabinet until the advent of
President Hayes in 1877; and was elected
a representative from New Jersey to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses
as a republican.
ROBIE, FREDERICK, soldier, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Aug.
12, 1822, in Gorham, Maine. He was a
representative in the Maine state legis
lature for seven years, serving as speaker
for two sessions; and was a state senator
for two terms. He served as paymaster
in the union army throughout the civil
war. He was a member of the executive
council on the staff of the governor of
Maine for four years; and was made mas
ter of the Maine State Grange of Patrons
of Husbandry. In 1882 he was elected
governor of Maine for the term of two
years; and was re-elected in 1884.
ROBIE, THOMAS, librarian, author,
was born March 20, 1689, in Boston, Mass.
He was librarian of Harvard college in
1712-13, and from 1714 till 1723 was a tu
tor. He published a book entitled The
Knowledge of Christ; and in the Trans
actions of the Philosophical society a pa
per on Alkaline Salts; and one on The
Venom of the Spider. He died Aug. 28,
1729, in Boston, Mass.
ROBINS, HENRY EPHRAIM, clergy
man, educator, college president, was born
Sept. 27, 1827, in Hartford, Conn. In 1867
he took the pastorate of the First Bap
tist church of Rochester, N. Y., and he
remained there until 1873, when he was
called to the presidency of Colby univer
sity, Waterville, Maine. For nearly ten
years he administered the affairs of this
college with success. In 1882 he was elect
ed to the chair of Christian ethics in
Rochester Theological seminary.
ROBINSON, ALEXANDER KELLEY,
lawyer, was born July 26, 1850, in Gal-
latin county, 111. He received a thorough
education in the
schools of Shawnee-
town, 111. He then
studied law; and has
since attained suc
cess in that profes
sion in California. In
1890-92 he was dis
trict attorney of Pla
cer county, Cal.; and
filled that office with
distinction. He has
a lucrative practice
in Auburn, Cal.; and
takes an active part in the public affairs
of his city, county and state. He is a
member of various fraternal orders; and
has held numerous public positions of
trust.
ROBINSON, MRS. ANNIE DOUGLAS
[GREEN] — Marian Douglas — author, po
et, was born Jan. 12, 1842, in Plymouth,
N. H. She is a writer of Bristol, N. H.;
and the author of Picture Poems for
Young Folks; and Peter and Polly, or
Home Life in New England One Hundred
Years Ago.
ROBINSON, CHARLES, physician, law
yer, governor, was born July 21, 1818, in
Hardwick, Mass. His father was a farmer,
a strong abolitionist,
and a descendant of
the John Robin
son of Plymouth
colony fame. He re
ceived his education
at the Hadley and
Amherst academies,
Amherst college and
the medical schools
"'' Pittsfleld, Mass.,
and Woodstock, Vt.
For many years he
practiced his profes
sion at Belchertown and Pittsfield, and
at Springfield opened a hospital. In 1849
he went to California, suffered shipwreck
on his return on the coast of Mexico; and
while in California served in the legisla
ture. After his return to Massachusetts
he was editor of the Fitchburg News for
two years; and in 1854 became identified
with the free state movement in Kansas.
Doubtless his influence in laying the
foundation of that state was greater than
any other single individual. He was
elected governor of the territory, and in
1861 was elected governor of the state un
der the recognized constitution; and he
became popularly known as the war gov
ernor of Kansas. He was instrumental
in the establishment of the first school in
Lawrence; was identified with the found
ing of the state university, of which he
was regent for many years, and at his
death bequeathed $150,000 to that institu
tion. For forty years he was identified
with the best interests of the political and
social affairs of the state; and the peo
ple of Kansas duly acknowledged his
great and lasting service. He was the
author of The Kansas Conflict. He died
Aug. 17, 1894, at his home, near Law
rence, Kas.
796
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ROBINSON, CHARLES SEYMOUR,
clergyman, author, was born March 31,
1829. in Bennington, Vt. He is a presby-
terian clergyman of prominence in New
York city, well known as an hynmologist.
Besides Laudes Domini, and other hym
nals, he has published Church Work, a
volume of sermons; Studies on the New
Testament; Studies of Neglected Texts;
The Pharaohs of the Bondage and the
Exodus; Simon Peter, his Life and Work;
Studies in Mark's Gospel; Simon Peter's
Later Life and Labors; Sermons in Songs;
and Sabbath Evening Sermons.
ROBINSON, CHRISTOPHER, lawyer,
congressman, was born in Rhode Island.
He was attorney general of Rhode Island;
and was elected a representative from
Rhode Island to the thirty-sixth con
gress. In 1861 he was appointed minister
to Peru.
ROBINSON, CONWAY, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born Sept. 15, 1805, in Rich
mond, Va. He devoted himself for many
years to a revision of the civil and crim
inal code of Virginia; and he was the au
thor of a number of valuable law works.
He died Jan. 30, 1884, in Philadelphia', Pa.
ROBINSON, DAVID, soldier, was born
Nov. 4, 1754, in Hardwick, Mass. He
served through the war of 1812, attaining
for meritorious service the rank of major-
general. He died Dec. 11, 1843.
ROBINSON, EDITH, author, was born
in 1858 in Massachusetts. She is a Bos
ton novelist; and the author of A Forced
Acquaintance; Penhallow Tales; and A
Loyal Little Maid.
ROBINSON, EDWARD, merchant, state
senator, was born in 1796 in Connecti
cut. He served two years in the Maine
senate. He was a representative in con
gress from Maine during the years 1838
and 1839; and in 1840 was a presidential
elector. He died Feb. 20, 1857
ROBINSON, EDWARD, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born April 10, 1794,
in Southington, Conn. He was a distin
guished congregational clergyman and
biblical scholar of New York city, a pro
fessor in Union seminary in 1837-63, and
the founder of the Bibliotheca Sacra. He
was the author of Harmony of the Four
Gospels, in Greek; Harmony of the Four
Gospels, in English; Biblical Researches
in Palestine; Physical Geography of the
Holy Land; and A Greek and English
Lexicon of the New Testament. He died
Jan. 27, 1863, in New York city.
ROBINSON, EDWARD BRECK, musi
cian, poet, was born May 29, 1821, in Dor
chester, Mass. He was the first organ
ist of the First Parish church, Portland,
Maine; and was a partner in the firm of
Andrews and Robinson, manufacturers of
pianos and organs. He is the author of a
number of poems, some of which have
been set to music.
ROBINSON. EDWARD MURPHY, law
yer, legislator, was born March 11, 1872,
in Stockton, Ala. He received the degree
of B. A. from the university of Alabama,
and the degree of LL. B. from the same
institution. He studied law at the univer
sity of Virginia, and has attained success
in that profession in his native state at
Mobile. He has filled numerous public
offices of trust, and in 1894-95 and 1896-97
served as a member of the state legisla
ture, and was chairman of the committee
on education in the house, and a member
of the judiciary committee. He is also
captain of the Mobile rifle company.
ROBINSON. EZEKIEL OILMAN, cler
gyman, college president, author, was
born March 23, 1815, In Attleborough.
Mass. He was a baptist clergyman and
educator, president of the Brown univer
sity in 1872-89; and the author of Yale
Lectures on Preaching; Principles and
Practice of Morality; and Christian Evi
dences. He died in 1894.
ROBINSON, FANNIE, educator, poet,
was born Sept. 30, 1847, in Carlindale,
Pa. She attended the Albany Female col
lege, and Rutgers Female college. For
twenty years she has been engaged in
educational work, and most of the time
as principal and preceptress. Her poems
have appeared in Harper's Monthly, Cos
mopolitan, and other leading magazines.
ROBINSON, FAYETTE, author, was
born in Virginia. He was the author of
Mexico and her Military Chieftains; Ac
count of the Organization of the United
States Army; California and the Gold Re
gions; Spanish Grammar; Wizard of the
Wave, a romance; and a number ol trans
lations from the French. He died in 1859.
ROBINSON, FRANK TORREY, journal
ist, author, was born in 1845 in Massachu
setts. He is a journalist and art critic
of Boston, and more recently one of the
curators of the Metropolitan museum of
New York city. He is the author of
Quaint New England; Living New Eng
land Artists; and History of the Fifth
Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteer Mi
litia.
ROBINSON, FRED ERNEST, poet, was
born Feb. 22, 1865, in Cato, Wis. He
is the author of a number of poems.
ROBINSON. GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
was born Oct. 1, 1835. in Hubbardston,
Mass. For many years he was judge of
the district court of East Hampton, Mass.
ROBINSON, GEORGE DEXTER, law
yer, state senator, congressman, governor,
was born Jan. 20, 1834, in Lexington,
Mass. He was a representative in the
Massachusetts state legislature in 1874;
and a state senator in 1876. He was
elected a representative from Massachu
setts to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-
seventh and forty-eighth congresses as a
republican. In 1883 he was elected gov
ernor of Massachusetts, and resigned his
seat in congress to assume the duties of
that office from January, 1884; and was
re-elected in 1884 and 1885.
ROBINSON, MRS. HARRIET JANE
I HANSON], suffragist, author, poet, was
born Feb. 8, 1825, in Boston, Mass. She
is a prominent wo-
^••^^ man suffragist of
Maiden. Ma&s. In
her early life she
was one of the con
tributors to the
noted Lowell Offer
ing; and the author
of Massachusetts in
^^^ the Woman Suffrage
Movement; Captain
Mary Miller, a
drama; Early Fac
tory Labor in New
England; and The New Pandora, a drama
in blank verse.
ROBINSON, HARRY PERRY, littera
teur, author, was born in 1860 in East In
dies. He is an English writer, resident in
the United States from 1883, and now liv
ing in Chicago. He is a brother of Philip
Robinson, the English writer. He is the
author of Men Born Equal, a novel; and
monographs on railway topics.
ROBINSON, HENRY A., statistician,
political economist, was born July 25,
1840, in Bay de Verte, N. B. His parents
removed to the United States when he
was seven years of age, first to Maine and
then to Ohio. During the civil war he
served a short time in the union army.
He studied law, was admitted to the bar,
and practiced. He has, however, devoted
his best energies to political economy and
statistics, and has written extensively on
these and kindred subjects. He has been la
bor commissioner and statistician of the
labor bureau of Michigan. He has been
president of the National Statistical asso
ciation at Washington, I). C.. and is now
its first vice-president; and is a member
of various other statistical bodies. He :s
a fluent speaker, and has done much plat
form talking on economical and political
subjects.
ROBINSON, HENRY CORNELIUS, law
yer, legislator, was born Aug. 28, 1832,
in Hartford, Conn. He has been mayor
of his native city; a representative in the
Connecticut state legislature; and a mem
ber of the state constitutional' convention.
ROBINSON, HORATIO NELSON, edu
cator, mathematician, author, was born
Jan. 1. 1806, in Hartwick. N. Y. He
was a mathematician and educator of Cin
cinnati, Ohio, after 1854 a resident of Eld-
ridge, N. Y. He was the author of Uni
versity Algebra; Mathematical Recre
ations; Treatise on Surveying and Navi
gation; Treatise on Astronomy; and Ana
lytical Geometry and Conic Sections He
died Jan. 19, 1867. in Eldridge, N. Y.
ROBINSON, J. F., governor. He was
governor of Kentucky from 1861 to 1863.
ROBINSON, JAMES C., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1822 in Edgar
county. 111. He was elected a representa
tive from Illinois to the thirty-sixth con
gress, and was re-elected to the thirty-
seventh and thirty-eighth congresses. He
was elected to the forty-second and forty-
third congresses as a democrat.
ROBINSON, JAMES HERVEY, state
legislator, was born Jan. 31, 1802, in Mor-
ristown, N. J. He was chosen a member
of the New Jersey legislature in 1840, and
again in 1842, serving two terms, with
credit to himself and to his constituency.
ROBINSON, JAMES M., machinist, law
yer, congressman, was born in 1861 in M-
len county, Ind. At the age of fifteen he
took employment in
a shop at Fort
Wayne as a machine
hand, and from that
time till the present
has supported and
kept house with his
mother; and while
working at his trade
he studied law. In
1881 he entered the
office of Judge Wai-
pole G. Colerick, who
was then in con
gress; and in 1882 was admitted to prac
tice in the state and United States courts.
In 1886 and 1888 he was unanimously
nominated for prosecuting attorney and
elected, filling that position for four years.
He was unanimously nominated by the
democrats in 1896 and elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a democrat, represent
ing the twelfth congressional district of
Indiana.
ROBINSON. JAMES SIDNEY, soldier,
journalist, state legislator, congressman,
was born Oct. 14, 1827, near Mansfield,
Ohio. In 1856 he was elected chief clerk
of the Ohio house of representatives,
and served two terms. He enlisted in the
union army in 1861 and served through
out the war, rising to the rank of briga
dier-general and brevet major-general. He
was elected a representative from Ohio to
the forty-seventh and forty-eighth con
gresses as a republican.
IIKKKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHV.
797
ROBINSON, JAMES W., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Nov. 28,
1826, in Union county, Ohio. He was elect
ed to the Ohio legislature in 1858, 1860,
and 1864; and was elected to the forty-
third congress.
ROBINSON, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 8, 1768, in Oabarrus coun
ty, N. C. He was the author of a work
entitled Eulogy on Washington. He died
Dec. 14, 1&43.
ROBINSON, JOHN BUCHANAN, naval
officer, journalist, congressman, was born
May 23, 1846, in Allegheny City. He is
at present proprietor of the Media Ledger
and is the largest stockholder in the West
Chester Publishing company, West Ches
ter, Pa. He was elected to the state leg
islature, lower house, 1884; re-elected in
1886; was elected to the state senate in
1889; and elected to the fifty-second con
gress in 1890. He was re-elected to the
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses as
a republican.
ROBINSON, JOHN BUNYAN, clergy
man, lecturer, author, poet, was born
April 11, 1834, in Osceola, Ohio. In 1860
he graduated at the Ohio Wesleyan uni
versity. He has been principal of the
Mount Washington seminary, near Cin
cinnati; and was successively president
of Willoughby college, Fort Wayne col
lege, New Hampshire seminary and Fe
male college, and Jennings seminary. He
has lectured extensively; and is the au
thor of Infidelity Considered; Vinves of
Eshcol; Commencements; and various
other prose works; and a volume of po
etical works entitled Emeline. He is rep
resented in Poets of America and other
standard works.
ROBINSON, JOHN CLEVELAND, sol
dier, was born April 10, 181 (, in Bing-
hamton, N. Y. He was brevetted a
major-general of the United States army.
He participated in the Mexican war, Semi-
nole war, Indian troubles in Texas, Mor
mon troubles in Utah, and served with
distinction through the civil war. In 1872
he was chosen lieutenant-governor of his
state.
ROBINSON, JOHN HOVEY, physician,
author, was born in 1825 in Maine. He
is a physician who wrote a large number
of sensational romances of slight literary
merit, among which are, W'hite Rover;
Nightshade; and Silver-Knife.
ROBINSON, JOHN L., congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Indiana from
1847 to 1853. In 1857 he was appointed
United States marshal for the district of
Indiana. He died March 21, 1860, in In
diana.
ROBINSON, JOHN M., lawyer, jurist.
United States senator, was born in 1793
in Kentucky. He was one of the early
settlers of Illinois, and one of the judges
of the supreme court of that state. He
was a senator in congress from 1830 to
1842. He died April 27, 1843, in Ottawa,
111.
ROBINSON, JOHN STANIFORD, law
yer, state legislator, governor, was born
Nov. 10, 1804, in Bennington, Vt. He was
for many years in the state legislature;
and was governor of Vermont from 1853
to 1854. He died April 24, 1860, in Cher-
leston, S. C.
ROBINSON, JONATHAN, lawyer, jur
ist, United States senator, was born Aug.
24, 1756, in Hardwick, Mass. He was ap
pointed chief justice or Vermont in 1801;
and in 1806 was elected a senator in con
gress, serving from 1807 to 1815. He died
Nov. 3, 1819, in Bennington, Vt.
ROBINSON, LEORA BETTISON, edu
cator, author, was born June 8, 1840, in
Little Rock, Ark. Together with her hus
band she established the Holyoke acad
emy of Louisville, Ky. She is the author
of House with Spectacles; Than; Patsy;
and other works.
ROBINSON, LUCIUS, lawyer, state leg
islator, governor, was born Nov. 4, 1810,
in Windham, N. Y. He was district at
torney of Greene county, N. Y., from 1837
to 1840. In the latter year he moved to
New York city; and in 1843 was appoint
ed commissioner in chancery. In 1859 he
was elected a representative in the New
York legislature; and was re-elected in
1860. In 1861 he was elected comptroller
of the state; and was re-elected in 1863.
In 1871 he was a member of the state con
stitutional commission; in 1875 was again
elected comptroller; and in 1876 was elect
ed governor of New York.
ROBINSON, MRS. MARTHA HARRI
SON, author, was born in Virginia. She
is a writer of Philadelphia who has pub
lished a number of translations from the
French, and Helen Erskine, an original
novel.
ROBINSON, MARTIN L.. educator, law
yer, was born Oct. 18, 1860, in Paintsville.
Ky. For fifteen years he was engaged
in educational work; and is now a suc
cessful lawyer of Boons Camp, Ky., where
he is prominent in public affairs.
ROBINSON, MRS. MARY DOMMET
[NAUMAN], author, was born in Pennsyl
vania. She is a novelist of Lancaster,
Pa.; and the author of Twisted Threads;
Sidney Elliot; The Enchanted Princess;
Clyde Wardleigh's Promise; and Eva's
Adventures in Shadowland.
ROBINSON, MERRITT M., lawyer, au
thor, was born about 1810 in Louisiana.
He was the reporter of the supreme court
of Louisiana from 1841 till 1847. He pub
lished a useful Digest of the Penal Laws
of Louisiana, Analytically Arranged. His
Reports, comprising sixteen volumes, in
cluding four that he edited, were en
riched with valuable marginal notes. He
died June 5, 1850, in Louisiana.
ROBINSON, MILTON S., soldier, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
April 20, 1832, in Versailles, Ind. He en
tered the army as lieutenant-colonel; and
rose to the rank of brevet brigadier-gen
eral. He was a member of the state sen
ate from 1867 to 1870; and in 1874 was
elected a representative from Indiana to
the forty-fourth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
ROBINSON, MOSES, state legislator,
governor. United States senator, was born
March 15, 1741, in Hardwick, Mass. He
served in the legislature of Vermont; and
was governor of that state from 1789 to
1V90. He was a member of the senate of
the United States from Vermont under the
administration of President Washington
from 1791 to 1796. He died May 26, 1813.
in Bennington. Vt.
ROBINSON. ORRIN W., lumber mer
chant, state senator, was born Aug. 12,
1834, in Claremont, N. H. In 1873 he or
ganized the Sturgeon River Lumber com
pany of Chassell, Mich., of which he is
still president. He was a member of the
Michigan house of representatives in 1896;
and served with distinction as a member
of the state senate in 1897-98.
ROBINSON, ORVILLE, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845; and also served four years in
the assembly of that state from Oswego
county.
ROBINSON, ROWLAND EVANS, far
mer, author, was born in 1833 in Ver
mont. He is a farmer of Ferrisburgh, Vt.;
and the author of Danvis Folks, a novel;
Vermont: a Study of Independence; Un
cle 'Lisha's Shop; and In New England
Woods and Fields.
ROBINSON, SAMUEL, soldier, was bora
Aug. 9, 1738, in Hardwick, Mass. He was
the first justice of the peace appointed
in town under the authority of Vermont
in 1778, and was also during the same year
one of the judges of a special court. He
died May 3, 1813, in Bennington, Vt.
ROBINSON, SARA TAPPAN DOOLIT-
TLE, author, was born July 12, 1827, in
Belchertown, Mass. She is the wife of
the late ex-Governor
Charles Robinson,
frequently called the
war governor of
Kansas. She received
a thorough education
in the classical school
of her native city,
now known as Salem
academy. Mrs. Rob
inson is the author
of Kansas, its Inter
ior and Exterior Life,
a book which was
widely circulated and had great influence
in the Kansas struggle. She is a pleasing
writer, and has contributed extensively
to the periodical press. She was the
daughter of Myron Lawrence, a distin
guished lawyer, who did his state great
honor in various public capacities.
ROBINSON, SOLON, journalist, author,
was born Oct. 21, 1803, near Tolland, Conn.
He was a journalist of New York city
long known as an agricultural writer for
The Tribune, and after 1870 a resident
of Jacksonville, Fla. He was the author
of Hot Corn, or Life Scenes in New York,
a very popular book for a short period;
Facts for Farmers, which was extensive
ly circulated; How to Live, or Domestic
Economy Illustrated; and Me-won-i-toc.
He died Nov. 3, 1880, in Jacksonville, Fla.
ROBINSON, STILLMAN WILLIAMS,
educator, civil engineer, author, was born
March 6, 1838, in South Reading, Vt. He
is a civil engineer, professor of physics at
Ohio State university from 1878; and the
author of Practical Treatise on the Teeth
of Wheels; Railroad Economics; and
Strength of Wrought-Iron Bridge Mater
ials.
ROBINSON, STUART, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 14, 1814, in Ireland.
He is a presbyterian clergyman of prom
inence in Louisville; and the author of
Discourses of Redemption; and The
Church of God. He died Oct. 5, 1881, in
Louisville, Ky.
ROBINSON, MRS. THERESE ALBER-
TINE LOUISE [VON JAKOB]— Talvi—
author, was born in 1797 in Georgia. She
was an able and learned author who
wrote both in English and German, using
the pseudonym Talvi in the latter case.
She was the author of Characteristik der
Volkslieder germanischen Nationen; Die
Unechtheit der Lieder Ossians; Aus der
Geschichte der ersten Ansiedelungen in
den Vereinigten Staaten; Die Colonisa
tion von New England; Fifteen Years, a
Picture from the Last Century; Historical
View of the Language and Literature of
the biavic Nations. She also wrote a
number of stories which her daughter
translated from the German, including
Psyche; Heloise; Life's Discipline; and
The Exiles. She died in 1869.
798
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ROBINSON, THOMAS, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Delaware from 1839 to 1841. He died Oct.
28, 1843, in Sussex county, Del.
ROBINSON, THOMAS, artist, was born
Aug. 23, 1835, in Pictou, N. S. He has
attained a national reputation throughout
the United States as a noted artist. He
died March 1, 1888, in Providence, R. I.
ROBINSON, TRACY, business man, au
thor, poet, was born in New York. He
was an official of the Panama railway in
1861-74, and subsequently a resident of
New York city. He is the author of Soiig
of the Palm, and Other Poems.
ROBINSON, WALTER A., educator,
was born Dec. 15, 1854, in East Orring-
ton, Maine. His work in Franklin gave
him a reputation as a prominent educator
in New Hampshire, and led to his being
elected president of the State Teachers'
association.
ROBINSON, WILLIAM ERIGENA,
journalist, lawyer, congressman, was born
May 6, 1814, in Ireland. He was a fre
quent writer for the New York Herald;
and in 1844 became identified with the
New York Tribune, signing his commu
nications Richelieu. In 1848 and 1849 he
became identified as editor with a weekly
paper called The People. He practiced
law in New York from 1853 to 1862; and
in 1862 was appointed United States as
sessor of internal revenue for the city of
Brooklyn. In 1866 he was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the for
tieth congress; and was again a represen
tative in the forty-seventh and forty-
eighth congresses as a democrat. He died
Jan. 23, 1892, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
ROBINSON, WILLIAM STEVENS,
— Warrington — journalist, author, was
born Dec. 7, 1818, in Concord, Mass. He
was a journalist of Boston long known
as the Boston correspondent of the New
York Tribune and the Springfield Repub
lican. He was the author of The Salary
Grab; Manual of Parliamentary Practice;
Warrington's Pen Portraits; and Personal
and Political. He died March 11, 1876.
in Maiden, Mass.
ROBISON, DAVID F., congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1855 to 1857.
ROBISON, JAMES DICKEY, surgeon,
was born April 23, 1820, in Wooster, Ohio.
During the Mexican war he was surgeon
ir. the third regiment Ohio infantry; and
during the civil war was commissioned
surgeon in the sixteenth Ohio infantry.
He performed the first amputation made
during the civil war. He died May 10,
1895, in Wooster, Ohio.
ROBSON, STUART, actor, was born
March 4, 1836, in Annapolis, Md. He has
attained a national reputation through
out the United States as a noted actor.
ROBYN, ALFRED GEORGE, musician,
composer, was born April 29, 1860, in St.
Louis, Mo. He is the author of the oper
ettas, Beans and Buttons; Court Martial;
Soldier in Petticoats; and A Slim Leg
acy. Among his popular ballads are: You;
Answer; Yearning; and It Was a Dream.
ROCHE, JAMES JEFFREY, journalist,
author, was born in 1847 in Ireland. He
is a popular Boston journalist, since 1890
the editor of The Pilot; and the author of
Songs and Satires; Ballads of Blue Water;
Life of John Boyle O'Reilly; The Story
of the Filibusters; and His Majesty the
King.
ROCHESTER, NATHANIEL, soldier,
was born Feb. 21, 1752, in Westmoreland
county, Va. He was a major-general dur
ing the revolution. In 1818 he purchased
large tracts of land in the Genesee val
ley and settled in Rochester, which has
been named after him. He died May 17,
1S31, in Rochester, N. Y.
ROCHESTER, PAUL A., railroad man
ager, was born Aug. 21, 1857, in Roches
ter, N. Y. He received his education at
the United States Military academy and
at the Rochester university. He has been
in railroad service since 1878; has been
in the engineer's corps of several rail
roads; and since 1895 has been general
eastern agent of the Gulf, Colorado and
Santa Fe railway at New York city.
ROCHESTER, THOMAS FORTESCUE,
physician, author, was born Oct. 8, 1823.
in Rochester, N. Y. He was a prominent
physician of Buffalo; and the author of
The Army Surgeon; and Medical Men and
Medical Matters in 1776. He died May 24,
1S87, in Buffalo, N. Y.
ROCHESTER, WILLIAM BEATTY,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, governor,
was born in Washington county, Md. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1821 to 1823. He sub
sequently held the office of circuit judge
in New York, but resigned to compete
with De Witt Clinton for the office of gov
ernor. He died June 15, 1838, at sea.
ROCHESTER, WILLIAM BEATTY,
soldier, was born Feb. 15, 1826, in Angel
ica, N. Y. He entered the United States
service as major and additional paymas
ter of volunteers in 1861. He was trans
ferred to the permanent establishment as
paymaster in 1867, and in February, 1882,
was appointed paymaster-general of the
army, with the rank of brigadier-general.
ROCKEFELLER, JOHN DAVISON,
founder of the Standard Oil company, was
born July 8, 1839, in Richford, N. Y. In
1870 the firm of Rockefeller, Andrews
and Flagler dissolved and organized the
Standard Oil company of Ohio, with
John D. Rockefeller as its president and
William Rockefeller as vice-president.
The Standard Oil companies have been
able to reduce the cost of oil to con
sumers, and they now own thousands of
acres of oil lands, an extensive system of
wells, refineries, pipe lines, oil steamships
and business houses in all the principal
cities of the United States and the repre
sentative cities of nearly every civilized
country on the face of the globe. They
control the greater part of the petroleum
business of this country and export much
of the oil used in other countries.
ROCKEFELLER, WILLIAM, president
of the Standard Oil company, was born
May 31, 1841, in Tioga county, N. Y. In
1865 he came to New York and estab
lished the firm of Rockefeller and Com
pany to sell and handle in this market
the oils of the two concerns in Cleveland.
In 1867 all three firms were dissolved to
be succeeded by Rockefeller, Andrews and
Flagler of Cleveland and New York city,
William Rockefeller taking charge of the
business in New York.
ROCKEL, WILLIAM MAHLON, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born July 18, 1855, in
Clark county, Ohio. In 1887 he was ad-
mitted to the bar;
$••^^•1 and has attained
success as one of the
foremost lawyers of
Ohio at Springfield.
He is probate judge
of Clark county;
and is prominent in
the public affairs of
his city, county and
state. He is the au
thor of Questions
Fiom Ohio Supreme
Court; Ohio Mechan
ic's Lien Law; and Complete Guide for
Township Officials.
ROCKFORD, J. A., lawyer, was born
Feb. 16, 1860, in Kankakee, 111. He is a
successful lawyer of North Yakima,
Wash., and has been prosecuting attor
ney of his county for two terms. He is
prominent in Masonry; was one of a com
mission of five from the grand lodge of
Washington to visit the World's Masonic
congress held in Chicago in 1893.
ROCKHILL, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in New Jersey. He settled in
Indiana; and was elected a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1847
to 1849.
ROCKWELL, ALPHONSO DAVID, phy
sician, author, was born May 18, 1840, in
New Canaan county, Conn. He is a phy
sician of New York city; and the au
thor of Relation of Electricity to Medi
cine and Surgery; and Medical and Surgi
cal Uses of Electricity.
ROCKWELL, CHARLES, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 22, 1806, in Cole-
brook, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman who held pastorates in the
New England and other states; and the
author of Sketches of Foreign Travel and
Life at Sea; and The Catskill Mountains
and the Region Around. He died April
17, 1882, in Albany, N. Y.
ROCKWELL, FRANCIS W., lawyer,
jurist, state senator, congressman, gov
ernor, was born May 26, 1844, in Pitts-
field, Mass. In 1873 he was appointed one
of the special justices of the district court
of Central Berkshire, Mass.; and held sev
eral local offices. In 1879 he was elected
a representative in the state legislature;
in 1881 was elected a state senator; and
was re-elected in 1882. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from Massachu
setts to the forty-eighth congress to fill a
vacancy; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as
a republican. From its incorporation in
1S93 he has been president of the City
Savings bank of Pittsfield, Mass.
ROCKWELL, HOSEA H., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born in 1840 in
Tioga county, Pa. Since 1869 he has prac
ticed law in Elmira, Pa. He was a mem
ber of the Pennsylvania assembly in
1877; for several years was city attorney
of Elmira; and was elected to the fifty-
second congress as a democrat. He was
the only member from his state who voted
in behalf of the free coinage of silver. In
1896 he presided at the New York state
democratic convention.
ROCKWELL, JOEL EDSON, clergy
man, author, was born May 4, 1816, in
Salisbury, Vt. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman of Stapleton, Staten Island; and
the author of Sketches of the Presbyterian
Church; The Young Christian Warned;
Scenes and Impressions Abroad; My
Sheet Anchor; and Seed Thoughts. He
died July 29, 1882, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
ROCKWELL, JOHN ARNOLD, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Aug. 27, 1803, in
Norwich, Conn. He was twice elected to
the Connecticut state senate; and was at
one time judge of the county court for
New London county. He was a represen
tative in congress from Connecticut from
1845 to 1849. He was the author of Span
ish and American Law in Relation to
Mines and Titles to Real Estate. He died
Feb. 10, 1861, in Washington, D. C.
ROCKWELL, JULIUS, journalist, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, congressman,
United States senator, was born April 26,
1805, "in Colebrook, Conn. He was a rep
resentative in congress from 1847 to 1851;
and was a United States senator during
1853-55. He died May 19, 1888, in Lenox,
Mass.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
799
ROCKWOOD, CHARLES GREENE,
banker, was born July 19, 1814, in Boston,
Mass. For the past forty years he has
been cashier and then president of the
National Newark Banking company of
Newark, N. J.
ROCKWOOD, CHARLES GREENE, JR.,
mathematician, was born Jan. 11, 1843,
in New York city. He has filled the
chair of mathematics in Bowdoin col
lege, Rutgers college, and since 1877 in
the Princeton university.
ROCKWOOD, GEORGE GARDNER,
journalist, photographer, author, was born
April 12, 1832, in Troy, N. Y. He was
managing editor of the Troy Daily Post,
Troy, N. Y. He became interested in
photography in 1855; was the first to
make the carte de visite photograph in
this country. He is the author of the sci
entific hoax, Brain Pictures, which ap
peared in a New York paper in 1887.
RODDEY, PHILIP DALE, soldier, was
born in 1818 in North Carolina. He or
ganized a company of scouts early in 1861
for the confederate service, and subse
quently a brigade, and was commissioned
brigadier-general in 1863.
RODENBOUGH, THEOPHILUS FRAN
CIS, soldier, author, was born Nov. 5, 1838,
in Easton, Pa. He is a federal army offi
cer, assistant inspector-general of New
York state in 1880-83; and the author of
From Everglade to Canon with the Sec
ond United States Cavalry; Afghanistan
and the Anglo-Russian Dispute; and Un
cle Sam's Medal of Honor.
RODES, ROBERT EMMETT, soldier,
was born March 29, 1826, in Lynchburg,
Va. He served in the confederate army
during the civil war; attaining the rank
of major-general. He died Sept. 19, 1864,
in Winchester, Va.
RODGERS, CHRISTOPHER RAYMOND
PERRY, naval officer, was born Nov.
14, 1819, in Brooklyn, N. Y. He served
in the United States navy; and in 1874
was commissioned rear admiral. He died
Jan. 8, 1892, in Washington, D. C.
RODGERS, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
naval officer, was born Feb. 22, 1787, in
Harford county, Md. He entered the navy
as midshipman in 1804, was commissioned
lieutenant in 1810. He was commissioned
captain in 1825; and at his death was
commodore commanding the Brazil
squadron. He died May 21, 1832, in South
America.
RODGERS, JOHN, naval officer, was
born Aug. 8, 1812, in Harford county, Md.
He served in the United States navy dur
ing the civil war, attaining the rank of
rear admiral. He died May 5, 1882, in
Washington, D. C.
RODGERS, ROBERT L., soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born July 14, 1847, in San-
dersville, Ga. He received the rudiments
of his education in
the common schools;
attended Washing
ton institute in I860;
the Milledgeville
academy in 1861-62;
in 1863 he entered
as a cadet in the
Georgia Military in
stitute; and in May,
1864, entered the
confederate army
and served until the
close of the war.
During 1869-73 and 1892-94 he was a jus
tice of the peace; in 1873-75 was master
of Sandersville grange; and at the same
time was district lecturer of the Patrons
of Husbandry. In 1873-74 he was editor
of The Sandersville Herald; in 1876 was
county attorney; and during 1877-80 he
was judge of the county court. In 1876-
78 he was captain of the Washington
rifles; and since 1888 has been historian
of Atlanta camp Confederate Veterans. He
now practices law in Atlanta, Ga.; and is
known as one of the foremost lawyers of
the South.
RODGERS, SAMUEL ANDREW, law
yer, jurist, was born March 5, 1830, in
Knox county, Tenn. In 1878 he was elect
ed from Loudon, Tenn., judge of the third
judicial circuit court, and served for three
successive terms of eight years each.
RODMAN, ISAAC PEACE, soldier,
manufacturer, state legislator, was born
Aug. 18, 1822, in South Kingston, R. I.
He sat in both houses of the Rhode Is
land legislature for several terms. He
was made lieutenant-colonel of the fourth
Rhode Island volunteers in 1861, and soon
afterward was commissioned as brigadier-
general of volunteers. , He died Sept. 30,
1862, in Sharpsburg, Md.
RODMAN, THOMAS JEFFERSON, sol
dier, inventor, author, was born July 30,
1815, in Salem, Ind. He was an army offi
cer, brevetted brigadier-general in 1865.
He invented the method of hollow casting;
and was the author of Report of Experi
ments on Metals for Cannon and Cannon
Powder. He died June 7, 1871, in Rock Is
land, 111.
RODMAN, WILLIAM, soldier, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Oct. 7,
1757, in Bensalem, Pa. He was for many
years in the legislature of his native
state; and was a representative in con
gress from 1811 to 1813. He died July 27,
1824, in Bensalem, Pa.
RODNEY, C.^SAR, signer of the decla
ration of independence, was born Oct. 7,
1728, in Do\er, Del. He was high sheriff,
justice of the peace, and a judge in his na
tive county; and in 1762 was elected to
the state legislature, serving several
years, and as speaker in 1769. He was a
delegate to the New York congress in
1765; and was a delegate from Delaware
to the continental congress from 1774 to
1778, and in 1783. He was a signer of the
declaration of independence; was ap
pointed judge of the supreme court of
Delaware; also served for a time as gen
eral of militia; and was president of the
state of Delaware. He died June 29, 1784,
in Dover, Del.
RODNEY, CAESAR AUGUSTUS, law
yer, jurist, congressman, author, United
States senator, was born Jan. 4, 1772, in
Dover, Del. He was a representative in
congress from Delaware from 1803 to 1805.
He was appointed attorney-general of the
United States by President Jefferson. He
was again a representative in congress
from Delaware from 1819 to 1821; and
was a senator of the United States from
1821 to 1823, in which year he was ap
pointed United States minister to Buenos
Ayres. He was the author of Reports on
the Present State of the United Provinces
of South America. He died June 10, 1824,
in Buenos Ayres.
RODNEY, CALEB, governor. He was
acting governor of Delaware in 1822 and
1823 to fill' a vacancy.
RODNEY, DANIEL, congressman, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born in
1764 in Delaware. He was a presidential
elector in 1809; and was governor of Del
aware from 1814 to 1817. He was a repre
sentative in congress from the state of
Delaware from 1822 to 1823; and was a
senator in congress from 1826 to 1827. He
died Sept. 2, 1846, in Delaware.
RODNEY, GEORGE B., congressman,
was born in Delaware. He was a repre
sentative in congress from his native state
from 1841 to 1845; and was a delegate in
1861 to the peace congress of Washington.
RODNEY, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born June 4, 1744, in
Sussex county, Del. He was a delegate
from Delaware to the continental con
gress from 1781 to 1783, and from 17S5 to
1787. In 1803 he was appointed United
States judge for the territory of Missis
sippi. He died Jan. 2, 1811, in Rodney,
Miss.
ROE, ALFRED SEELYE, educator, leg
islator, author, was born June 8, 1844, in
Rose, N. Y. He served as a soldier dur
ing the civil war; and during 1892-97 was
a member of the Massachusetts state leg
islature. He is the author of several
books and pamphlets on educational, mil
itary and historical subjects.
ROE, AZEL STEVENS, author, was
born Aug. 16, 1798, in New York city.
He- was a once popular novelist who was
for many years a wine merchant of New
York city. He was the author of True to
the Last; A Long Look Ahead; Time and
Tide; To Love and To Be Loved; James
Montjoy; True Love Rewarded; How
Could He Help It?; Looking Around; Wo
man Our Angel; and The Cloud in the
Heart. He died Jan. 1, 1886, in East
Windsor Hill, Conn.
ROE, EDWARD PAYSON, clergyman,
author, was born March 7, 1838, in New
Windsor, N. Y. He was a presbyterian
clergyman who retired from the ministry,
and, living at Cornwall-on-the-Hudson,
devoted himself to novel-writing. Bar
riers Burned Away; Opening a Chestnut
Burr; A Face Illumined; His Sombre
Rivals; What Can She Do?; Near to Na
ture's Heart; From Jest to Earnest; A
Knight of the Nineteenth Century; A Day
of Fate; Without a Home; A Young Girl's
Wooing; An Original Belle; Driven Back
to Eden; Nature's Serial Story; The
Earth Trembled; Miss Lou; Taken Alive,
and Other Stories. He also published two
horticultural books, The Home Acre; and
Success with Small Fruits. He died July
19, 1888, in Cornwall, N. Y.
ROE, EDWARD REYNOLDS, author.
He is a novelist of Chicago; and ihe au
thor of Brought to Bay; The Grey and
the Blue; God Reigns: Lay Sermons;
From the Beaten Path; and May and
June.
ROE, FRANCIS A., rear-admiral, was
born Oct. 4, 1823, in Elmira, N. Y. He
served in the navy during the Mexican
and civil wars; was commander of several
United States battleships, and fought a
fleet of pirate war junks in China in 1853.
During his service in the United States
navy he was promoted from midshipman
to rear-admiral.
ROE, HARRE ALLAN, poet, was born
April 8, I860, in Havana, Cuba. In 1873
he moved to Bloomington, 111.; thence to
Franklin Grove. His poems have ap
peared in the Detroit Free Press and other
papers, and in several standard works.
ROE, J. E., author. He is the author
of Bacon's Drama of the DeFoe Period,
and other works.
ROEBLING, JOHN AUGUSTUS, civil
engineer, author, was born June 12, 1806,
in Prussia. He was a civil engineer of
note who built the suspension bridge
across the Ohio between Cincinnati and
Covington, and was the designer of the
Brooklyn bridge; and the author of Long
and Short Span Railway Bridges. He died
July 22, 1869, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
800
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
HOBBLING, WASHINGTON AUGUS
TUS, soldier, engineer, author, was born
May 26, 1837, in Saxonburg, Pa. A sus
pension bridge was built over the Poto
mac at Harper's Ferry by him and many
balloon ascensions were made for recon-
noitering purposes and it was during one
of these that he became the first to dis
cover General Lee's army in motion for
the march into Pennsylvania. Resigning
In 1865 he took almost entire charge of
building the suspension bridge in Cincin
nati. Then came the Brooklyn bridge
project, greatest work of all, undertaken
first by his father. He is the author of
Military Suspension Bridges.
ROEHR, JULIUS EDWARD, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born in Brook
lyn, N. Y. In 1892 he was elected a state
senator for four years to the Wisconsin
legislature. He is a successful lawyer and
jurist of Milwaukee, Wis.
ROELKER, BERNARD, lawyer, author,
was born April 24, 1816, in Germany. In
185G he remo\ed to the city of New York,
and entered the firm of Laur and Roelker.
He soon established a large practice
among the Germans. He published Con
stitutions of France; Argument in Favor
of the Constitutionality of the Legal-Ten
der Clause in the Act of Congress, Feb. 25,
1862; and Manual for the Use of Notaries
Public and Bankers. He also translated
from the Swedish The Magic Goblet, a
novel and made a German adaptation of
Cushi'ng's Manual of Parliamentary Prac
tice. He died March 5, 1888, in New York
city.
ROEMER. JEAN, educator, college pres
ident, author, was born about 1815 in Eng
land. He was an educator of New York
city, vice-president of the college of the
city of New York from 1869; and the au
thor of Dictionary of English-French Id
ioms; Polyglot Readers; Cavalry; Prin
ciples of General Grammar; Cours de lec
ture et de traduction; Origins of the Kng-
lish People and Language; and Left in the
Wilderness. He died Aug. 31, 1892. in
Lenox, Mass.
ROGDE, PETER JACOB, lawyer, was
born Feb. 4, 1864, in Lee county, 111. He
received his education at the Northwest
ern university at Naperville, 111.; the Lu
ther college of Decorah, Iowa; and the
law department of the university of Iowa.
He is a prominent lawyer of Sioux Falls,
S. D.; has been state's attorney of his
county; and takes an active part in pub
lic affairs.
ROGE, MRS. CHARLOTTE FISKE
[BATES], educator, poet, was born in
1838 in New York. She is an educator and
\erse-writer of Cambridge and New York
city who has written Risk, and Other Po
ems, and edited The Cambridge Book of
Poetry and other works.
ROGERS, ANDREW J., educator, law
yer, congressman, was born July 1, 1828,
in Hamburg, N. J. In 1862 he was elected
a representative from New Jersey to the
thirty-eighth congress; and was re-elected
to the thirty-ninth congress.
ROGERS, ANNA M., educator, poet,
was born In 1847 in Canada. She re
ceived her education in private semina
ries, and has attained success in educa
tional work. For many years she has
taught French in the public schools of
San Francisco; and is the author of a
Volume of poems.
ROGERS, ANTHONY A. C., merchant,
congressman, was born Feb. 14, 1821, in
Snmner county, Tenn. He was elected a
represr ntative from Arkansas to the for
ty-first congress.
ROGERS. ASA, soldier, civil engineer,
legislator, politician, was born Aug. 20,
1836, in Oakham, Va. He was a civil en
gineer up to April, 1861, when he entered
the confederate service as a lieutenant in
the first Virginia cavalry; was promoted
to captain after the battles around Rich
mond in 1862; and served till the sur
render at Appomattox. He then again
took up engineering, and was elected rail
road commissioner in 1880. In 1884 he
was elected to the Virginia state senate;
and in 1885 was appointed collector of in
ternal revenue by President Arthur. For
seventeen years he has been secretary of
the republican state committee of Vir
ginia.
ROGERS, B. F.. clergyman, poet. He is
an eminent clergyman in the congrega
tional church of Ft. Atkinson, Wis.; and
is the author of a number of poems.
ROGERS, BARTON, educator, clergy
man, poet, was born July 23, 1831, in
Piermont, N. H. For three years he was
chaplain of the fifteenth Illinois infantry
during the civil war. He is a universalist
clergyman and well-known in his denom
ination as an organizer and builder of
churches.
ROGERS, CHARLES, state legislator,
congressman, was born in New York. He
sened in the assembly of New York from
Washington county in 1833 and 1837; and
was a representative in congress from 1843
to 1845.
ROGERS, DANIEL, governor. He was
governor of Pennsylvania in the years
1797 and 1798.
ROGERS, DENNIS LUCRETIUS, law
yer, was born July 26, 1850, in Grand Rap
ids, Mich. He received the rudiments of
his education in the schools of his native
city; and attended the Michigan state
university. He has attained prominence
as an able lawyer in his native city; is
captain of the second regiment of the
Michigan national guard; and is promi
nent in public affairs.
ROGERS. EBENEZER PLATT, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 18, 1817, in
New York city. In 1862 he accepted the
charge of the South Reformed church in
New York city, where he continued until
a few months before his death. He was
the author of Earnest Words to Young
Men in a Series of Discourses; and His
torical Discourse on the Reformed Pro
testant Dutch Church of Albany. He died
Oct. 23, 1881, in Montclair, N. J.
ROGERS. EDWARD, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1780 in Con
necticut. He was for many years county
judge of Madison county, N. Y. He was
a representathe in congress from New
York from 1843 to 1845. He died May 23,
1857, in Galway, N. Y.
ROGERS. FAIRMAN, educator, author,
was born Nov. 1, 1833, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a professor of civil engineer
ing in the university of Pennsylvania in
1855-70; and the author of The Magnetism
of Iron Vessels.
ROGERS, FRANKLIN WHITING, art
ist, was born Aug. 27, 1854, in Cambridge,
Mass. He has devoted himself especially
to the painting of dogs. Among his works
are The Two Friends; Steady; Resigna
tion; Loo; and Mischief.
ROGERS, HENRY DARWIN, educator,
geologist, author, was born Aug. 1, 1808,
iii Philadelphia, Pa. He was a noted geol
ogist who was professor in the university
of Pennsylvania in 1835-46, and held the
chiiir of natural history in the Scottish
university of Glasgow from 1857 till his
death. He was the author of The Geology
of Pennsylvania; and Geological Map of
Pennsylvania. He died May 29, 1866, near
Glasgow, Scotland.
ROGERS, HENRY J.. inventor, was
born in 1811 in Baltimore, Md. He de
vised the code of signals by means of flags
that is known by his name, which was.
adopted by the United States navy in
1846 and modified in 1861. He also de
vised a code of signals by means of col
ored lights, which was the first pyrotech
nic system invented. He died Aug. 20,
1879, in Baltimore, Md.
ROGERS, HENRY WADE, lawyer, edu
cator, college president, was born Oct. 10,
1853, in Trenton Falls, N. Y. Since 1890
he has been president of the Northwestern
university of Evanston and Chicago. He
has written a law treatise on Expert Tes
timony; compiled the Illinois Citations;
and contributed to Forum, the North
American Review, and other publications.
ROGERS, HORATIO, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born May 18, 1836, in Provi
dence, R. I. He is a Providence jurist who
has published The Private Libraries of
Providence; Mary Dyer of Rhode Island,
the Quaker Martyr; and edited Hadden's.
Journal and Orderly Books.
ROGERS, J. H., musician, composer,
was born in Germany. He is a successful
musician of Cleveland, Ohio; and the
author of a number of songs and compo
sitions.
ROGERS, JAMES, lawyer, congressman,
was born in South Carolina. -He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1835 to 1837, and again from 1839 to
1843.
ROGERS, JAMES HARRIS, electrician,
inventor, was born July 13, 1850, in Frank
lin, Tenn. In 1877 he was appointed
electrician at the United States capitol in
Washington, D. C., and he continued in
that office until 1883. He was the inventor
of the secret telephone that was sold in
New York for |80,000, also of the national
impro\ed telephone, and of the pan-elec
tric system. He has lately devised what
he calls visual synchronism.
ROGERS, JAMES WEBB, soldier, cler
gyman, lawyer, author, poet, was born
July 11, 1822, in Hillsborough, N. C. He
is a writer who in early lite was an epis
copal clergyman in Tennessee, and during
the civil war a confederate officer. He
became a Roman catholic in lb?8 and set
tled in Washington as a lawyer. He is
the author of Lafitte, or the Greek Slave;
Arlington, and Other Poems; and Parthe
non.
ROGERS, JOHN, college president, was
born in January in 1631 in England. In (
1682 he was elected president of Harvard
college, resigning in 1684. He died July
2, 1684, in Cambridge, Mass.
ROGERS, JOHN, congressman. He was
a delegate from Maryland to the continen
tal congress from 1775 to 1776; and was
chancellor of the state. He died in 1789
in Annapolis, Md.
ROGERS, JOHN, merchant, manufac
turer, congressman, was born May 9, 1813,
in Caldwell, N. Y. He was elected from
New York to the forty-second congress
as a democrat.
ROGERS, JOHN, sculptor, was born
Oct. 30, 1829, in Salem, Mass. He is mod
eler of the famed Rogers' groups, which
he began as illustrations of the civil war.
ROGERS, JOHN C., physician, legisla
tor, was born March 26, 1835, in Ireland.
During the civil war he served in the
army as assistant surgeon, and has prac
ticed medicine in Pembroke, Maine, since
1866. In 1890 he was elected to the state
senate of Maine.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
801
ROGERS, JOHN HENRY, soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Oct. 9.
1845, in Bertie county, N. C. He served
in the confederate army from March, 1862,
to the close of the war, rising to the rank
of first lieutenant. In 1877 he was elected
circuit judge, and was re-elected in 1878.
He resigned in 1882, and was elected a
representative from Arkansas to the for
ty-eighth congress; and was re-elected to
the forty-ninth, fiftieth, and fifty-first con
gresses as a democrat. In 1896 he was ap
pointed United States district judge for
the western district of Arkansas.
ROGERS, JOHN R., merchant, journal
ist, governor, author, was born Sept. 4,
1838, in Brunswick, Maine. He was edu
cated in his native
town, learned the
drug business in
Boston and followed
it for some years in
Mississippi and
Maine. He engaged
in farming in Iowa
and Kansas, and
held several public
offices in the latter
state, serving as a
commissioner of Har
vey county for some
years. He established and was editor for
three years of the Kansas Commoner, now
published at Wichita. He came to Wash
ington in 1890, locating at Puyallup, where
he has since resided. He was a member
of the fourth legislature as a represen
tative from Pierce county, and took a very
active interest in legislation pertaining to
education, coal mining and taxation. In
1896 he was elected governor of Washing
ton. He was the author of the measure
familiarly known as the barefoot school
boy law, and it was due chiefly to his
energetic efforts that the bill was enacted
after a memorable contest.
ROGERS, MINA L., poet, was born Sept.
22, 1840, in Franklin county, Mo. She has
written both prose and verse for the pe
riodical press; and her poems appear in
Poets of America, Woman in Sacred Song,
and other standard works.
ROGERS, NATHANIEL PEABODY,
journalist, author, was born June 3, 1794,
in Portsmouth, N. H. He established at
Concord, N. H., the Herald of Freedom in
1838, one of the pioneer anti-slavery pa
pers in the United States. He wrote for
the New York Tribune over the signature
The Old Man of the Mountains. He died
Oct. 18, 1846, in Concord, N. H.
ROGERS, NINA MANDEVILLE, educa
tor, poet, was born April 17, 1842, in Nat
chez, Miss. She has attained a favorable
reputation as a poet of the south, espec
ially in the state of South Carolina. For
many years she has been engaged in edu
cational work, and resides in Florence,
S. C. /
ROGERS, ORVILLE D.( poet, was born
in 1867 in Marietta, Iowa. He has been
editor of the Brooklyne Blade of Denver,
Col.; and has filled several public posi
tions in Kit Carson county, Col. He has
contributed extensively both prose and
verse to the periodical press; and his
poems have been a valuable acquisition
to current literature.
ROGERS, RANDOLPH, sculptor, was
born July 6, 1825, in Auburn, N. Y. He
opened a studio in New York, where he
remained until 1855. Among his earlier
works are Ruth, an ideal bust; Nydia;
Boy Skating; Isaac, full-length; and the
statue of John Adams, in Mt. Auburn cem
etery. One of his best-known works, the
bas-reliefs on the doors of the capitol at
Washington, representing scenes in the
51
life of Columbus, was designed in 1858,
and cast in bronze at Munich. In 1861 he
completed the Washington monument at
Richmond, which had been left unfinished
by Thomas Crawford.
ROGERS, ROBERT CAMERON, litter
ateur, author, was born in 1862 in New
York. He is a litterateur of Buffalo; and
the author of The Wind in the Clearing,
and Other Poems; Will of the Wasp, a
yarn of the War of 1812; and Old Dorset,
a collection of short stories.
ROGERS, ROBERT WILLIAM, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born in 1864 in
Pennsylvania. He is a methodist clergy
man and educator, professor of Hebrew
in Drew Theological seminary, Madison,
N. J., from 1893; and the author of Two
Texts of Esarhaddon; Unpublished In
scriptions of Esarhaddon; and The In
scriptions of Sennacherib.
ROGERS, SHERMAN SKINNER, law
yer, legislator, was born April 16, 1830, in
Bath, N. Y. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of Buffalo, N. Y., where he has
practiced his profession since 1854. In
1873 he was a member of the constitution
al commission of New York; in 1875-76
was a senator in the New York state leg
islature; and during 1884-87 was one of
the first commissioners of the Niagara
Falls state reservation. Since 1881 he has
been president of the Reform association
of Buffalo, N. Y.; and has always been
acthe in public affairs pertaining to the
material interests of his adopted city.
ROGERS, SION H., soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 30, 1825, in
Wake county, N. C. He was elected to
the thirty-third congress; and was elect
ed to the legislature of North Carolina in
1860. He served in the confederate army
as colonel of the forty-seventh North
Carolina regiment. He was attorney-gen
eral of North Carolina from 1862 to 1868;
and was elected to the forty-second con
gress as a democrat.
ROGERS, THOMAS J., journalist, con
gressman, author, was born in 1781 in
Ireland. He was the author of biographi
cal dictionaries of revolutionary worthies;
edited a political paper; and was a rep
resentative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1818 to 1824. He died Dec. 7, 1832, in
New York city.
ROGERS, WILLIAM, educator, clergy
man, was born July 22, 1751, in Newport,
R. I. In 1789 he was chosen professor of
oratory and English literature in the col
lege of Philadelphia, and in 1792 to the
same post in its successor, the university
of Pennsylvania, which place he resigned
in 1811. He died April 7, 1824, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
ROGERS, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, as
tronomer, educator, was born Nov. 13,
1832, in Waterford, Conn. The observa
tory at Alfred was built and equipped
by him. In 1870 he was appointed assis
tant in the Harvard observatory, and he
became in 1877 assistant professor of as
tronomy. In 1886 he was called to the
chair of astronomy and physics at Colby
university.
ROGERS, WILLIAM BARTON, scien
tist, college president, author, was born
Dec. 7, 1804, in Philadelphia, Pa. He was
an eminent scientist of Boston, the found
er of the Massachusetts Institute of Tech
nology in 1862, and its president in 1862-
70, and again in 1878-81. He was the au
thor of The Geology of the Virginias;
Elements of Mechanical Philosophy; and
The Strength of Materials. He died May
30, 1882, in Boston, Mass.
ROGERS, WILLIAM F., soldier, con
gressman, was born March 1. 1820, in
Northampton county, Pa. In 1864 he was
appointed provost marshal of the thirtieth
district of New York. He was elected
comptroller of the city of Buffalo in 1866,
and mayor in 1868. He was appointed
major-general of the fourth division na
tional guard; and was elected a represen
tative from New York to the forty-eighth
congress.
ROHDE, JOHN MARTIN, educator,
clergyman, author, was born Dec. 28, 1852,
in St. Louis, Mo. He graduated from the
Central Wesleyan
college of Warren-
ton, Mo., and imme
diately began educa
tional work. In 1881
he entered the St.
Louis German Meth
odist Episcopal con
ference, and has filled
pastorates in Mount
Vernon, Bland, Mor
rison, Pinckney, and
Steinhagen, Mo. He
is a member of the
board of trustees of the Central Wesleyan
college; and the author of The Joy of
Prayer, a work on de\ otion, now in its
third edition.
ROHE, GEORGE HENRY, physician,
author, was born Jan. 26, 1851, in Balti
more, Md. He is a successful physician of
Baltimore, Md.; and author of Textbook
of Hygiene; Manual of Skin Diseases;
and Annual, Universal and Medical Sci
ences.
ROHLFS, MRS. ANNA KATHARINE
[GREEN], author, was born Nov. 11, 1846,
in Brooklyn, N. Y. She is a very popu
lar novelist of Buffalo whose detective ro
mances display much inventive skill. She
is the author of The Sword of Damocles;
The Leavenworth Case; A Strange Dis
appearance; Hand and Ring; The Mill
Mystery; Behind Closed Doors; Cynthia
Wakeham's Money; Marked Personal;
Miss Hurd; An Enigma; Dr. Izard; Old
Stone House, and Other Stories; 7 to 12;
X, Y, Z; The Doctor, His Wife, and the
Clock; That Affair Next Door; Risifi's
Daughter, a Drama; and The Defense of
the Bride, and Other Poems.
ROHRBACHER, PHILLIPP, engineer,
business man, was born Jan. 30, 1838, in
Germany. In 1853 he crossed the plains
to California, and became chief engineer
of the Stockton fire department. He was
the president of the United States Brew
ing company of San Francisco, Cal., and
president of the Royal Eagle Distilleries
company of San Francisco and Owens-
boro, Ky. He was supreme arch of the
United States United Ancient Order of
Druids at the time of his death, which
occurred on April 25, 1897, in San Fran
cisco, Cal.
ROLFE, JOHN CAREW, educator, au
thor, was born in 1859 in Massachusetts.
He is a professor of Latin in the univer
sity of Michigan; and the author of Heau-
tcn Timorumenos of Terence.
ROLFE, WILLIAM JAMES, scholar,
educator, author, was born Dec. 10, 1827,
in Newburyport, Mass. He is a distin
guished Shakespearean scholar and edu
cator of Cambridge. He has published
Shakespeare the Boy; two annotated edi
tions of Shakespeare, the Friendly Edi
tion in twenty volumes, and a' School Edi
tion in forty volumes; and a series of
annotated editions of selections from
Tennyson, Browning, Wordsworth, Gray,
Goldsmith, Scott, and other English poets.
He has also edited Craik's English of
Shakespeare; and is co-author with J. H.
Hanson of several classical text-books,
and with J. A. Gillet of The Cambridge
Physics.
802
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ROLLINS, MRS. ALICE MARLAND
[WELLINGTON], author, poet, was born
June 12, 1847, in Boston, Mass. She is a
writer of New York city; and the author
of My Welcome Beyond, and Other Po
ems; The Ring of Amethyst, and Other
Poems; The Story of a Ranch; All Sorts
of Children; The Three Tetons; From
Palm to Glacier; and Uncle Tom's Tene
ment, a study of New York tenement-
house life.
ROLLINS, MRS. CLARA [SHER
WOOD], author, was born in 1868 in Mis
souri. She is a Boston writer of short
stories; and the author of A Burne Jones
Head; and Threads of Life.
ROLLINS, DANIEL G., lawyer, was
born Oct. 18, 1842, in Great Falls, N. H.
He was assistant United States attorney
for the southern district of New York in
1866-69; assistant district attorney of
New York county in 1873-80; then dis
trict attorney till 1882, and then surrogate
of the county till 1888.
ROLLINS, EDWARD HENRY, mer
chant, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Oct. 3, 1824, in Rollinford,
N. H. He was a member of the New
Hampshire state legislature in 1855-57,
serving as speaker during the last two
years. He was elected a representative
from New Hampshire to the thirty-sev
enth congress; and was re-elected to the
thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth congresses.
He was elected secretary of the Union Pa
cific Railroad company in 1869, and treas
urer in 1871. He resigned those positions
when elected a United States senator from
New Hampshire for the term of six years
from March 4. 1877. His portrait hangs
in the new library building of the state
oapitol. He died July 31, 1889, on the Isle
of Shoals, N. H.
ROLLINS, MRS. ELLEN CHAPMAN
[HOBBS], author, was born April 30, 1831,
in Wakefield, N. H. She was a writer of
Philadelphia; and the author of New
England Bygones; and Old-Time Child-
life. She died May 29, 1881, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
ROLLINS, FRANK WEST, legislator,
was born Feb. 24, 1860, in Concord, N. H.
He served with distinction in the New
Hampshire state senate in 1895; and was
made president of that body. He still re
sides in the place of his nativity; and his
portrait hangs in the new library building
of the state capitol.
ROLLINS, JAMES SIDNEY, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
April 19, 1812, in Richmond, Ky. In 1838
he was elected to the Missouri state- leg
islature, and was re-elected in 1840 and
1842. In 1846 he was elected to the state
senate, serving four years; and in 1854
was again elected to the legislature. In
1860 he was elected a representative from
Missouri to the thirty-seventh congress;
and in 1862 was re-elected to the thirty-
eighth congress. He died Nov. 9, 1888,
near Columbia, Mo.
ROLLINS, NATHANIEL, soldier, law
yer, legislator, was born Feb. 29, 1832,
in St. Albans, Maine. He received his
education in the common schools and at.
Hartland academy. During the civil war
he was a captain in the second regiment
Wisconsin voJunteer infantry. In 1885 he
was a member of the Colorado legisla
ture; and has attained prominence in that
state as an able lawyer of Leadville. In
1894 he was elected department com
mander, department of Colorado and Wy
oming, Grand Army of the Republic. Dur
ing his term of office the strike and serious
riots of Cripple Creek occurred; he Im
mediately issued a circular letter, which
was instrumental in restraining old sol
diers from taking sides with the lawless
element; and his services called forth a
letter of approval from General Nelson A.
Miles.
ROMAIN, ARMAND, lawyer, legislator,
was born Feb. 22, 1871, in New Orleans,
La. After receiving the rudiments of his
education in the public schools, he at
tended the Tulane university of Louis
iana. He has attained success as an emi
nent lawyer of his native city; has been
the republican candidate for congress;
and in 1896 was elected to the state sen
ate of Louisiana.
ROMAN, ALFRED, soldier, lawyer, ju
rist, author, was born in 1824 in St.
James' Parish, La. In 1880 he was ap
pointed judge of the criminal court of New
Orleans for a term of eight years. He was
the author of The Military Operations of
General Beauregard. He died Sept. 20,
1892, in New Orleans, La.
ROMAN, ANDREW BIENVENU, gov
ernor, was born March 5, 1795, in Ope-
lousas. In 1818 he was a member of the
Louisiana house of representatives; was
several times re-elected; and for four
years was speaker. He became parish
judge, and entered upon his duties as
governor in 1831; and was again elected
to that office in 1838. He died Jan. 26,
1866, after ha\ ing served Louisiana during
years of sorrow and trial.
ROMAN, J. DIXON, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1847 to 1849; and was a
delegate to the peace congress of 1861. He
died Jan. 19, 1867, in Maryland.
ROMANS, BERNARD, engineer, au
thor, was born about 1720 in Holland.
He served in the revolutionary war as
engineer, and is the author of Concise
Natural History of East and West Flori
da; and also a Map of the Seat of the
War.
ROMEIS, JACOB, business man, con
gressman, was born Dec. 1, 1835. in Ger
many. In 1874 he was elected a member
of the board of aldermen of Toledo, Ohio,
and was re-elected in 1876. He was pres
ident of the board in 1877; and in 1879
was elected mayor of the city, and was
re-elected in 1881 and 1883. In 1884 he
was elected a representative from Ohio
to the forty-ninth congress; and re-
elected to the fiftieth congress as a repub
lican.
ROMERO, TRINIDAD, lawyer, jurist,
legislator, congressman, was born June 15,
1835, in Santa Fe, N. M. He was a rep
resentative in the territorial legislature in
18U3. He was elected probate judge of
San Miguel county in 1867; and was
elected a delegate from New Mexico to the
forty-fifth congress as a republican.
ROMEYN, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born in 1797 in Greenbush, N. Y. He
published The Crisis, a sermon; and a
Plea for the Evangelical Press. He died
Sept. 7, 1859, in New Brunswick.
ROMEYN, JAMES VAN CAMPEN,
clergyman, author, was born Nov. 14,
1765, in Minisink, N. Y. In 1799-1834 he
was pastor of the united congregations of
the Dutch reformed church in Hackensack
and Schraalenburgh, N. J. He published
an Address to the Students of the Theo
logical Seminary. He died June 27, 1840,
In Hackensack, N. J.
ROMEYN, JEREMIAH, clergyman, lin
guist, was born Dec. 24. 1768, in Wood
stock, N. Y. He was an eminent linguist,
and from 1797 till his death was professor
of Hebrew in the Dutch reformed church.
He died July 17, 1818, in Woodstock, N. Y.
ROMEYN, THEODORIC (called Dirck)
(ro-mine), clergyman, was born June 12,
1744, in Hackensack, N. J. He was one
of the founders of the academy that sub
sequently became Union college, and from
1797 till 1804 was professor of theology in
the general synod of the reformed Dutch
church. He died April 16, 1804, in Schen-
ectady, N. Y.
ROMEYN. THEODORE BAYARD, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 22, 1827, in
Nassau, N. Y. He was pastor of the re
formed Dutch church in Blawenburg, N.
J., in 1850-65, and from the latter date
until his death of the first reformed
church at Hackensack. He published
Historical Discourse; and The Adaptation
of the Reformed Church in America to
American Character. He died Aug. 29,
1885, in Hackensack, N. J.
ROMNEY, CAROLINA WESTCOTT,
educator, inventor, was born in Clyde, N.
Y. She became a literary editor on the
Chicago Times, and subsequently was its
traveling correspondent. She has pub
lished newspapers of her own, and a
morning daily in Durango, Col. As an in
ventor she received ten awards from the
World's Columbian exposition of Chicago
in 1893.
RONAYNE, MAURICE, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born in 1828 in Ireland.
He was a Roman catholic clergyman and
educator of New York city; and professor
of history at St. Francis Xavier's college
from 1888. He is the author of Religion
and Science; and God Knowable and
Known.
RONDTHALER, EDWARD, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 6, 1817, in York,
Pa. In 1853-54 he was president of Naza
reth Hall, Pennsylvania. He was the au
thor of a Life of John Heckewelder. He
died March 5, 1855, in Nazareth, Pa.
ROOD, OGDEN NICHOLAS, physicist,
educator, author, was born Feb. 3, 1831,
in Danbury, Conn. He is a physicist of
note, professor of physics at Columbia col
lege from 1863; and author of Modern
Chromatics.
ROORBACK, ORVILLE AUGUSTUS,
journalist, author, was born Jan. 20, 1803,
in Red Hook, N. Y. He published Biblio-
theca Americana from 1820 to 1861. He
died June 21, 1861, in Schenectady, N. Y.
ROOSA, DANIEL BENNETT ST. JOHN,
physician, educator, author, was born
April 4, 1838, in Bethel, N. Y. He is a
prominent physician of New York city,
and a professor at the university of the
city of New York in 1863-82. He is the
author of Treatise on the Ear; A Doctor's
Suggestion; and On the Necessity of
Wearing Glasses.
ROOSE, F. F., educator, author, was
born July 3, 1855, in Moline, 111. In 1884
he founded the Lincoln Business college,
Nebraska; and in 1891 founded the Lin
coln Normal university, the construction
of which cost one hundred and fifty thou
sand dollars. For three years he was
president and owner of the Omaha Busi
ness college. He was one of the founders
of the Woodmen of the World; and he is
now the supreme commander of the Fra
ternal Union of America.
ROOSEVELT, HILBORNE LEWIS,
organ-builder, was born Dec. 21, 1849. in
New York city. He established factories
in New York city, Philadelphia, and Bal
timore, and built some of the largest or
gans in the United States, including that
in Garden City cathedral. Long Island,
and Grace church, New York city, each of
which contains twenty miles of electric
wire. He died Dec. 30, 1886, in New York
city.
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
803
ROOSEVELT, JAMES HENRY, philan
thropist, was born Nov. 10, 1800, in New
York city. He accumulated the sum that
he intended from his early manhood to
leave for some charitable object. By the
terms of his will he left the principal part
of his estate to found a noble hospital
in New York city which bears his name,
and was formally opened in 1871. The
property left by him was valued at about
$1,000,000. He died Nov. 30, 1863, in New
York city.
ROOSEVELT, JAMES JOHN, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, was
born Dec. 14, 1795, in New York city. In
1835 and 1840 he was a member of the
New York state legislature; and in 1842
and 1843 was a representative in congress
from New York city. He was judge of the
supreme court of the state in 1851; was
an attorney of the United States; and
held the office of judge eight years. He
died April 5, 1875, in New York.
ROOSEVELT, ROBERT B., lawyer,
congressman, author, was born Aug. 7,
1829, in New York city. In 1868 he was
appointed commissioner of fisheries for
the state of New York; and from 1868
edited The New York Citizen. He was
elected a representative to the forty-sec
ond congress as a democrat. He was
United States minister to the Netherlands
in 1888-89. He was the author of The
Game Fish of North America; Coast and
Game Birds of the Northern States; Flor
ida and the Game Water Birds; Love
and Luck; Progressive Petticoats; and
Five Acres Too Much, a Satire.
ROOSEVELT, THEODORE, politician,
reformer, soldier, author, was born Oct.
27, 1858, in New York city. He is a poli
tician and municipal reformer of New
York city; and president of the board of
police commissioners of New York city
from 1895 to 1897, when he resigned that
position to become assistant secretary of
the navy. He is the author of The Naval
War of 1812; Hunting Adventures of a
Ranchman; Ranch Life and the Hunt
ing Trail; The Winning of the West;
The Wilderness Hunter; Essays on Prac
tical Politics; History of the City of
New York; and Lives of Thomas H.
Benton and Gouverneur Morris. During
the Spanish-American war he served with
distinction as colonel of the Rough Riders.
In November, 1898, he was elected gov
ernor of the state of New York.
ROOT, DAVID, clergyman, philanthro
pist, was born in 1790 in Pomfret, Vt.
He held pastorates in Guilford and New
Haven, Conn., till 1852, when he retired.
He gave $10,000 to endow a professor
ship in Beloit college, Wisconsin; $20,000
to Yale Theological seminary, and $5,000
to the American Missionary society. He
died Aug. 30, 1873, in Chicago, 111.
ROOT, ELIHU, lawyer, was born Feb.
15, 1845, in Clinton, N. Y. He settled in
New York city, where he has attained
high reputation; and in 1883-85 was
United States district attorney for the
southern district of New York.
ROOT, ERASTUS, lawyer, state senator,
congressman, was born March 16, 1773, in
Hebron, Conn. He was a representative
in the New York assembly eleven years;
was speaker of the house three years;
and was state senator eight years. He
was a representative in congress from
1803 to 1805, and from 1809 to 1817, when
he resigned and was appointed postmaster
at Delhi, N. Y. In 1822 he was chosen
lieutenant-governor of the state; was
again elected to congress from 1831 to
1833. He died in 1846 in New York city.
ROOT, FREDERIC WOODMAN, musi
cian, composer, was born June 13, 1846, in
Boston, Mass. He has been very success
ful as a teacher of vocal music, and has
published Root's School of Singing. From
1871 till 1875 he edited the Song Mes
senger.
ROOT, JESSE, soldier, clergyman, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born Dec.
28, 1736, in Coventry, Conn. He settled
in Hartford, Conn.; took part in the
revolutionary war; and was a delegate
to the continental congress from 1778 to
1783. He was appointed judge of the su
perior court in 1779; and chief justice of
Connecticut from 1796 until his resig
nation in 1807. He died March 29, 1822, in
Coventry. Conn.
ROOT. JOSEPH C., author, and founder
of Woodcraft, was born Dec. 3, 1844, in
Chester, Mass. When ten years of age
his parents removed
to Lyons, Iowa. He
received a liberal ed
ucation; began busi
ness for himself in a
book-store; after
ward operated flour
ing mills and elevat
ors; and was United
States deputy collect
or when barely of
age. In 1860 he
founded the public
library of Lyons,
Iowa; was admitted to the bar in 1879,
and founded Woodcraft and promulgat
ed its rituals and teachings in 1883. He
has been twice mayor of Lyons, Iowa;
has been prominently identified in various
business enterprises; proposed and agi
tated the construction of the Iowa Mid
land railway; and is the secretary of
the Chicago, Lyons and Pacific railway.
He established the first telephone ex
change west of the Mississippi river; has
been editor of two newspapers of extend
ed circulation; and is the author of sev
eral books. He is the sovereign com
mander of the Woodmen of the World, and
resides at Omaha, Neb. The entire sys
tem now embraces half a million mem
bers, has disbursed many millions of dol
lars, and is increasing rapidly.
ROOT, JOSEPH M., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Oct. 7, 1817,
in Cayuga, N. Y. He was appointed prose
cuting attorney in Ohio; and in 1840 was
elected to the state senate. He served as
a representative in congress from 1845 to
1851.
ROOTS, LOGAN H., soldier, educator,
congressman, was born March 26, 1841, in
Perry county, III. After the war he set
tled in Arkansas as a planter. He was
elected a representative from that state
to the fortieth congress, and re-elected to
the forty-first congress as a republican.
ROOTS, PHILANDER KEEP, civil en
gineer, banker, was born June 4, 1838, in
Tolland county, Conn. He is the son of
the noted educator,
Prof. B. G. Roots of
Illinois. He received
his education in the
Carrollton academy
of Illinois and the
Wesleyan university
of Bloomington. For
several years he was
principal of the high
school in DuQuoin,
111. He has been
resident engineer on
the Mobile and Ohio
railroad in Kentucky and Tennessee;
United States deputy surveyor in Nevada;
chief engineer of the Cairo and Fulton
railroad in Arkansas and Missouri; and
for over twenty years has been engaged in
banking in Little Rock, Ark. He is a
prominent Mason and ranks high in vari
ous other fraternal orders.
ROPES, JOHN CODMAN, lawyer, au
thor, was born April 28, 1836, in Russia.
He is a lawyer of Boston well known as
a military historian; and the author of
The Army under Pope; The Campaign
of Waterloo; Atlas of Waterloo; The
First Napoleon; and The Story of the
Civil War.
RORER, SARAH TYSON, lecturer, au
thor. She is a popular writer and lecturer
on cooking.
ROSE, AQUILA, printer, poet, was
born in 1695 in England. He was a print
er and verse writer of Philadelphia whose
Poems on Several Occasions were collect
ed after his death. He died Aug. 22, 1723,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
ROSE, CHAUNCEY, was born Dec. 24,
1794, in Wethersfield, Conn. He organized
the Terre Haute and Indianapolis rail
road in 1847. and
was the first presi
dent. It was his
means and influence
that caused the con
struction of the
Evansville. Terre
Haute and Chicago
railroad He estab
lished and endowed
the Ladies' Aid so
ciety of Terre Haute.
He contributed gen
erously to the sup
port of Wabash college. To Providence
hospital he gave a large sum of money;
and he established and endowed the Rose
Polytechnic institute, under the name of
the Terre Haute school of Industrial Sci
ence. He died Aug. 13, 1877, in Terre
Haute. Ind.
ROSE, DANIEL DE VINNE, soldier,
educator, physician, author, was born
May 28, 1843, in Onondaga county, N. Y.
He moved to Michi
gan with his par
ents; and served in
the civil war in the
eleventh regiment
Michigan volunteer
infantry for more
than three years. He
then became a stu
dent and teacher,
which he continued
until he graduated
with the degree of
bachelor of science,
and later doctor of medicine; since which
time he has devoted himself to his pro
fession of medicine and literary work.
He has become a prominent physician of
Burlington, Iowa; has been county phy
sician, coroner, and medical director of
the Grand Army of the Republic. He is
the author of What Every Woman Should
Know; Physiology of Woman; and nu
merous other articles in journals and
other periodicals.
ROSE, JAMES A., lawyer, secretary of
state, was born Oct. 13, 1850, in Pope
county, 111. He was in 1896 elected sec
retary of state of Illinois.
ROSE, ROBERT L., farmer, congress
man, was born Oct. 12, 1804, in Geneva,
N. Y. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1847 to 1851.
ROSE. ROBERT S., congressman, was
born in 1772 in Henrico county, Va. He
was a representative in congress from the
state of New York from 1823 to 1827, and
again from 1829 to 1831. He died Nov 24
1835, in Waterloo, N. Y.
ROSE, THOMAS ELLWOOD, soldier,
was born March 12, 1830, in Bucks coun
ty, Pa. Col. Thomas E. Rose, with one
hundred and eight other union officers, by
tunneling from a cellar, escaped from
Libby prison; and among all the thrill-
804
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ing incidents in the history of Libby pris
on none exceed in interest this celebrated
tunnel escape which occurred on the night
of Feb. 9, 1864. Of the one hundred and
nine men fifty-nine reached the union
lines, forty-eight were recaptured and two
drowned. After days of suffering he was
again captured and sent back to Libby
prison, but a few months after was ex
changed for a confederate colonel. Col.
Rose since the war has served with the
sixteenth United States infantry, in which
he holds a captain's commission.
ROSE, U. M., lawyer, legislator, was
born March 5, 1834, in Marion county, Ky.
He is a successful lawyer of Little Rock,
Ark., and during 1860-65 was chancellor
of the state of Arkansas.
ROSE, WILLIAM G., lawyer, legislator,
was born Sept. 23. 1829, in Mercer county,
Pa. This prominent lawyer of Cleveland,
Ohio, served his city as mayor for two
terms; and was candidate for lieutenant-
governor of Ohio in 1883. Before moving
to Ohio he served as a member of the
Pennsylvania state legislature.
ROSECRANS, WILLIAM STARKE, sol
dier, civil engineer, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 6, 1819, in
Kingston, Ohio. He
graduated from West
Point in 1842. He
was appointed aid to
General McClellan in
Ohio; was appointed
colonel and chief en
gineer of Ohio; and
was commissioned
colonel of Ohio vol
unteers, and briga
dier-general United
States army. In 1864
he commanded the
department ot Missouri; was made brevet
major-general United States army in
1865; and resigned in 1867. He was min
ister to Mexico in 1868, but was recalled
in a few months. He was elected a rep
resentative from California to the forty-
seventh and forty-eighth congresses. In
1885 he was appointed register of the
treasury at Washington. He died in 1898.
ROSELIUS, CHRISTIAN, journalist,
lawyer, was born Aug. 10, 1803, in Ger
many. In 1831 he was appointed attor
ney-general of Louisiana. He was for
many years dean of the university of
Louisiana; and for the last twenty-three
years of his life was professor of civil law
in that institution. He died Sept. 5, 1873,
in New Orleans. La.
ROSENBERG, DAVID H., clergyman,
physician, surgeon, was born May 19, 1837,
in Montgomery county, Pa. For twenty-
five years he has been a minister in the
evangelical church; and is now a doctor
of medicine at Mascotte. Fla.
ROSENFELD, MAURICE BERNHARD,
musician, composer, was born Dec. 31,
1865, in Austria. He is a teacher in the
Chicago Musical college; and the com
poser of numerous pieces for piano, violin
and string instruments.
ROSENGARTEN. JOSEPH GEORGE,
lawyer, author, was born July 14, 1835, in
Philadelphia. He is a lawyer of Phila
delphia; and the author of The German
Soldier in the Wars of the United States.
ROSENKRANS, S. ALICE, poet. She
has contributed both prose and verse to
the periodical press; and some of her
poems have appeared in standard works.
ROSENOW, MAX GUSTAV GEORGE,
engraver, artist, was born Aug. 17, 1864,
in Germany. He received his education
at the Bohn school of Berlin, Germany;
studied art under Professor Biihler; and
has attained success as a lithographer, en
graver, and script designer. He is the
senior member of Rosenow and Company,
new process engravers, Chicago, 111. He
has designed numerous book covers for
the foremost publishing houses of the
west; and designed the cover for this
volume of Herringshaw's American Bi
ography.
ROSENTHAL, LEWIS, journalist, au
thor, was born Sept. 10, 1856, in Baltimore,
Md. He is a journalist who has published
America and France; and the Influence
of the United States on France in the
Eighteenth Century.
ROSENTHAL, MAX, artist, was born
Nov. 23, 1833, in Russia. He made the
chomo-lithographic plates for what is
believed to be the first fully illustrated
book by this process in the United States,
Wild Scenes and Wild Hunters. After
1884 he turned his attention to etching,
and he has since executed one hundred
and fifty portraits of eminent Americans
and British officers, together with numer
ous large plates, among which are Storm
Approaches; Doris, the Shepherd's Maid
en; and Marguerite.
ROSENTHAL, TOBY EDWARD, artist,
was born March 15, 1848, in New Haven,
Conn. His more important works are
Love's Last Offering; Spring's Joy and
Sorrow; Morning Prayers in Bach's Fam
ily, which was bought by the Saxon gov
ernment, and is now in the museum of
Leipsic; Elaine; Young Monk in Re
fectory; and Forbidden Longings.
ROSS, ABEL HASTINGS, clergyman,
author, was born April 28, 1831, in Winch-
endon, Mass. Since 1872 he has been a
lecturer on church polity in the Oberlin
Theological seminary of Ohio. He is the
author of a number of valuable papers
on religious topics, and various books and
pamphlets.
ROSS, ALEXANDER COFFMAN, mer
chant, composer, inventor, was born May
31, 1812, in Zanesville, Ohio. From a boy
he was interested in scientific inventions,
and he is said to have produced the first
daguerreotype ever made in this country.
He was one of the most enterprising busi
ness men in Zanesville, and accumulated a
large property. He died Feb. 25, 1883, in
Zanesville, Ohio.
ROSS, CHARLES ALEXANDER, edu
cator, public official, was born May 16,
1863, in Presque Isle, Maine. He received
his education in the St. John's English
and Classical school, and for many years
was engaged in educational work. He is
prominent in the public affairs of Wash
ington, and since 1894 has been clerk of
Whitman county, state of Washington.
ROSS, CLINTON, author, was born in
1861 in New York. He is a novelist of
New York city; and the author of The
Silent Workman; The Countess Bettina;
The Speculator; Adventures of Three
Worthies; Improbable Tales; Two Sol
diers and a Politician; The Puppet; The
Scarlet Coat; Battle Tales; Bobbie Mc-
Duff; The Meddling Hussy; and Zuleika.
ROSS, DAVID, congressman, was born
about 1750 in Maryland. He was a dele
gate from Maryland to the continental
congress from 1786 to 1787.
ROSS, EDMUND GIBSON, journalist,
congressman, was born Dec. 7, 1826, in
Ashland, Ohio. He learned the art of
printing at Huron, Ohio. He became ed
itor of the Kansas Tribune, at that time
the only free-state paper in the territory,
all others having been destroyed. He
entered the union army as a private sol
dier, and was promoted to the rank of
major in the war for the suppression of
the rebellion. He was appointed to the
United States senate as a republican to
fill a vacancy and served during 1866-71.
ROSS, FRANK WARD, physician, sur
geon, lecturer, was born July 10, 1859, in
Horseheads. N. Y. He has been pfesi-
dent of the Elmira Academy of Medi
cine; professor of X-ray and medico-legal
electricity in the National college of Elec
tro-therapeutics; and was formerly lec
turer on electro-therapeutics at the
Niagara university. He is a successful
scientist and medical electrician; and has
contributed many papers and given many
lectures to medical and scientific bodies.
ROSS, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, cler-v
gyman, author, was born Dec. 25, 1796, in
Cobham, Va. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman of Huntsville, Ala.; and the au
thor of Slavery as Ordained of God. He
died April 13, 1883, in Huntsville, Ala.
ROSS, GEORGE, signer of the declara
tion of independence, was born in 1730 in
New Castle, Del. In 1768 he was elected
to the colonial legislature; was a dele
gate to the continental congress from 1774
to 1777; and was one of the signers of the
declaration of independence. In 1779
he was appointed judge of the court of
admiralty for Pennsylvania. He died in
July, 1779, in Lancaster, Pa.
ROSS, HENRY HOWARD, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born in Essex coun
ty, N. Y. For fifty years he was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1825 to 1827; and was county judge
of Essex county in 1847 and 1848. He was
a presidential elector in 1848, heading the
state ticket, and officiating as president
of the electoral college. He died Sept. 14,
1862, in Essex, N. Y.
ROSS, JAMES, educator, author. He
published a Greek Grammar in Latin',
translated the Shorter Catechism into
Latin; and wrote a number of poems in
Latin. He died in September, 1786.
ROSS, JAMES, lawyer, United States
senator, was born July 12, 1762, in York
county, Pa. He was a senator in congress
from Pennsylvania from 1794 to 1803. He
died Nov. 27, 1847, in Allegheny City, Pa.
ROSS, JOHN, merchant, was born Jan.
29, 1726, in Ross, Scotland. In 1775 he was
appointed muster-master of the Pennsyl
vania navy. In 1776 he was employed by
the committee of commerce of congress to
purchase clothes, arms, and powder for
the use of the army. He died in March,
1800, in Philadelphia, Pa.
ROSS, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Pennsyl
vania from 1809 to 1811, and again from
1815 to 1818, having resigned.
ROSS. JOHN WESLEY, lawyer, public
official, was born June 23, 1841, in Lewis-
town, 111. He received the rudiments of
his education in private schools; attend
ed the Lewistown, 111. .seminary until 1856;
the Illinois college in 1856-62; and the
Harvard Law school in 1864-65. The de
gree of LL. D. was conferred upon him
by the Georgetown university in 1885.
He was postmaster of Washington, D. C.,
in 1888-90; was appointed by President
Harrison commissioner of the District of
Columbia in September, 1890, receiving
the reappointment to the same position
by President Cleveland, and again by
President McKinley; and is president of
the board of commissioners. For two
terms he was president of the board of
trustees of the public schools of Wash
ington, D. C.; and is one of the foremost
lawyers of that city.
HIOKIMNGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOORAPHY.
so:,
ROSS, LAWRENCE SULLIVAN, sol
dier, governor, was born Sept. 27, 1838, in
Bentonport, Iowa. He became colonel of
the sixth Texas regiment of cavalry in
the confederate army in 1862; and was
made brigadier-general in 1863. In 1886 he
became governor of Texas.
ROSS. LEONARD FULTON, soldier,
lawyer, was born July 18, 1823, in Fulton
county, 111. He was chosen in 1861 colonel
of the seventeenth Illinois regiment which
he had raised; and was commissioned
brigadier-general of volunteers in April
25, 1862. In 1867 he was appointed col
lector of internal revenue for the ninth
district of Illinois. He has imported fine
stock into this country, and has a large
farm in Iowa.
ROSS. LEWIS W., lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Dec. 8, 1812,
in Seneca county, N. Y. In 1840 and 1844
he was elected to the Illinois state legis
lature; and was a presidential elector in
1848. In 1862 he was elected a representa
tive from Illinois to the thirty-eighth con
gress; and was re-elected to the thirty-
ninth and fortieth congresses as a demo
crat.
ROSS, MILES, merchant, state legislat
or, congressman, was born April 30, 1828,
in Raritan township, N. J. He was a repre
sentative to the New Jersey state legisla
ture for two years. In 1874 he was elect
ed a representative from New Jersey to
the forty-fourth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses as a democrat.
ROSS, SAMUEL, state senator, was
born July 14, 1865, in Patchogue, N. Y.,
which is still his place of residence. He
has served with distinction in the state
senate; and filled numerous public posi
tions of honor in his city, county and
state.
ROSS, SOBEISKI, civil engineer, con
gressman, was born May 16, 1828, in
Coudersport, Pa. He was engaged in set
tling land in the northern counties of
Pennsylvania; and was elected to the
forty-third congress, and re-elected to the
forty-fourth congress as a republican.
ROSS, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in 1825 in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1849 to 1853.
ROSS, THOMAS R., lawyer, congress
man, was born in 1789. He was a itpre-
sentative from Ohio to the sixteenth,
seventeenth and eighteenth congresses.
He died June 28, 1869, in Lebanon, Ohio.
ROSS, WILLIAM H., governor, was
born in Delaware. He was elected gov
ernor of that state in 1851, continuing in
office until 1855.
ROSS, WILLIAM WALLACE, educator,
lawyer, was born Dec. 24, 1834, in Seville,
Ohio. For thirty-three years he has been
superintendent of the schools of Fremont,
Ohio; has been president of the Ohio
State Teachers' association; president
of the Tri-State association of Ohio,
Michigan and Indiana; and president of
the Ohio state board of examiners.
ROSSE, IRVING C., neurologist, scien
tist, author, was born Oct. 20, 1842, in
East New Market, Md. He received his
education at the St. John's college of An
napolis; the United States Military acad
emy of West Point; the university of
Maryland; the New York university;
and the principal clinics in Europe. He
has been assistant surgeon in the United
States army; surgeon to the revenue
cutter bureau; surgeon of the Soldiers'
home in Milwaukee; and United States
examining surgeon for the District of Col
umbia. He was a juror to the Paris ex
position; a member of the cholera com
mission to Europe in 1893; and profes
sor of the diseases of the nervous sys
tem in the Georgetown university. He
has done considerable literary work for
medical journals upon popular scientific
and geographical subjects; and is the au
thor of The Cruise of the Corwin to
Alaska and the North West Arctic Ocean;
The First Landing on Wrangel Island;
and various other works.
ROSSELL, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was born in 1761 in New Jersey. He was
for many years a judge of the United
States district court; and also a judge of
the sunreme court of New Jersey. He
died June 20, 1840, in Mount Holly, N. J.
ROSSER. LEONIDAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born July 31, 1815, in Peters
burg, Va. He was a methodist clergyman
of Virginia: and the author of Baptism;
Experimental Religion; Class Meetings;
Recognition in Heaven; Open Commun
ion; Initial Life; and Reply to Howell's
Evils of Baptism. He died in 1892.
ROSSER, THOMAS LAFAYETTE, sol
dier, was born Oct. 15, 1836, in Campbell
county, Va. He was a brigadier-general
and commanded a brigade during the civil
war in the confederate cavalry in Hamp
ton's division.
ROSS1TER, CLINTON L., railroad pres
ident, was born Feb. 13, 1860, in Brooklyn,
N. Y. In 1895 he became president of the
Brooklyn Heights railroad at Brooklyn,
N. Y.
ROSSITER, THOMAS PRICHARD, art
ist, was born Sept. 29, 1817, in New Haven,
Conn. He has painted a large number of
historical and scriptural pictures, and also
numerous portraits. He died May 17,
1871, in Cold Springs, N. Y.
ROSSMAN. GEORGE P., lawyer, politi
cian, was born Aug. 14, 1859, in Plymouth,
Wis. He is one of the foremost lawyers
of Ashland. He has been district attor
ney for Ashland county; and city attor
ney of Ashland for three terms. He has
been a chairman of the county committee,
a member of the state central committee
for Wisconsin; and a delegate to the
state convention three times.
ROTCH, ABBOTT LAWRENCE, me
teorologist, author, was born in 1861 in
Massachusetts. He is a meteorologist who
founded the Blue Hill meteorological ob
servatory in Milton, Mass., in 1885, and
who has published many valuable me
teorological papers.
ROTH, THEOPHILUS B., educator,
clergyman, journalist, was born Feb. 9,
1853, in Prospect, Pa. In 1893 he be
came president of Thiel college of Green-
castle, Pa. He is the founder and editor
of the Young Lutheran, which has the
largest circulation of all English Luther
an papers.
ROTHERMEL, PETER FREDERICK,
artist, was born July 18, 1817, in Nesco-
pack, Pa. He was elected a member of
the Pennsylvania academy, of which insti
tution he had been director from 1847 to
1855. His best works are: De Soto Dis
covering the Mississippi; Embarkation
of Columbus, in the Pennsylvania acad
emy; Christian Martyrs in the Colisseum;
a series of paintings illustrative of Wil
liam H. Prescott's History of the Con
quest of Mexico.
ROTHERT, HENRY W., merchant, leg
islator, was born Sept. 11, 1840, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio. He has been mayor of
Keokuk, Iowa; and for two terms was a
member of the state senate, and became
lieutenant-governor of Iowa by succession
as president of the senate. He has been
register of the land office at Cheyenne,
Wyo. ; and is now superintendent of the
Iowa School for the Deaf.
ROTHROCK, JOSEPH TRIMBLE, edu
cator, author, was born April 9, 1839, in
McVeytown, Pa. He is a professor of
botany in the university of Pennsylvania
from 1877; and the author of Botany
of the Wheeler Expedition; Vacation
Cruisings; Flora of Alaska; and Revision
of the North American Gaurinese.
ROTHWELL, GIDEON F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1836 in Callaway
county, Mo. He was elected a representa
tive from Missouri to the forty-sixth con
gress as a democrat.
ROUMFORT, AUGUSTUS LOUIS, sol
dier, educator, state legislator, was born
Dec. 10, 1796, in Paris, France. He was
professor of mathematics at Mount Airy
college at Germantown during 1818-26,
and trom that time till 1834 superintend
ent of a military school in that town. He
was in the Pennsylvania legislature in
1843-44, and harbor-master of Philadel
phia in 1845-48. He had been made cap
tain of Pennsylvania militia in 1820, and
in 1843 had risen to the rank of brigadier-
general. He died Aug. 2, 1878, in Harris-
burg, Pa.
ROUND, WILLIAM MARSHALL FITZ,
author, was born March 26, 1845, in Paw-
tucket. R. I. He is a writer active in
prison reforms. His books for juvenile
readers include Achsah; Child Marion
Abroad; Torn and Mended; Hal; and
Rosecroft.
ROUNDS, STERLING PARKER, print
er, was born June 27, 1828, in Berkshire,
Vt. He migrated to Chicago in 1851; and
soon afterward opened a printers' ware
house. In 1856 the business was extended
by the addition of the printers' electro
type foundry, and the first number of
Rounds' Printers' Cabinet, still in exist
ence, was issued. He was appointed pub
lic printer in 1881; but he removed to
Omaha in 1885 and was identified with the
Renublican till his death. He died Dec.
17, 1887, in Omaha, Neb.
ROUNER, DAVID ARGYLE, soldier,
farmer, lawyer, legislator, was born April
20, 1842, in Sligo, Ky. He served as a sol
dier in the confederate army; was a
member of the thirty-first and thirty-
second Missouri general assembly; and
a member of the thirty-sixth and thirty-
seventh state senate. He is the author
of many of the revenue laws of Missouri.
ROUQUETTE, ADRIEN EMMANUEL,
educaior, clergyman, author, was born
Feb. 13, 1813, in New Orleans, La. He was
a Roman catholic clergyman and educator
of New Orleans, known as the Abbe
Rouquette. He was the author of a vol
ume entitled Wild Flowers. He died July
15, 1887, in New Orleans, La.
ROUQUETTE, FRANCOIS DOMIN
IQUE, lawyer, author, was born Jan. 2,
1810, in New Orleans, La. He is a law
yer who resided in France for the greater
Dart of his life. He is the author of a
work in French and English on the Choc-
taw Indians.
ROURKE, PATRICK HENRY, lawyer,
legislator, was born Oct. 28, 1854, in Nor-
ristown, Pa. He received the rudiments
of his education in the common schools,
and attended the Northern Indiana Nor
mal college of Valparaiso, Ind. In 1882
he was admitted to the bar in Chicago,
111., and moved the same year to the ter
ritory of Dakota. He took up the prac
tice of his profession at Lisbon, N. D. ;
has been city attorney; mayor of his
city; district attorney; state's attorney;
and in 1892 was the republican nominee
for attorney-general. He served with dis
tinction as state senator in the North
Dakota state senate; and has been United
States district attorney for the district of
North Dakota.
806
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
ROUSE, HENRY CLARK, railroad
president, was born March 15, 1853, in
Cleveland, Ohio. In 1892 he was elected
president of the Missouri, Kansas and
Texas Railway company; and in 1893
was appointed receiver of the Northern
Pacific, a position he still holds.
ROUSSEAU, LOVELL HARRISON, sol
dier, lawyer, state senator, congressman,
was born Aug. 4, 1818, in Lincoln county,
Ky. He was elect
ed for three years to
the legislature of In
diana, and for three
years to the senate
of the state. He
served through the
war with Mexico as
a captain, and was
present at Buena
Vista. In 1850 he re
turned to Louisville,
where he subse
quently resided. In
1860 he was elected, by both political
parties, to the senate of Kentucky. In
1861 he was commissioned a colonel of
volunteers; was appointed a brigadier-
generai; and in 1862 appointed a major-
general. In 1865 he was elected a repre
sentative from Kentucky to the thirty-
ninth congress. In 1867 he was appointed
a brigadier-general in the regular army,
and was assigned to duty in the new ter
ritory of Alaska. He died Jan. 7, 1869,
in New Orleans, La.
ROUTT, ELIZA FRANKLIN, author,
was born in 1842 in Springfield, 111. She
is most noted as a social leader and phi
lanthropist. She is the wife of Col. Routt,
the first governor of Colorado in 1878,
who was again elected to the high office
in 1891. She has given much attention to
literary work.
ROUTT, JOHN L., governor. He was a
resident of Denver, Colo. In 1871 he was
appointed second assistant postmaster-
general, in which capacity he served until
1875. He was governor of Colorado ter
ritory during a part of the year 1875; and
in 1876 was elected governor of the new-
state of Colorado, holding the office until
1879.
ROWAN, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
in 1773 in Pennsylvania. He was elected
from Kentucky a member of congress
from 1807 to 1809; and was for many
years a member of the general assembly.
He was a judge of the court of appeals in
1819; was a senator in congress from
1825 to 1^31; and his last public position
was that of -minister to the Two Sicilies.
He died July 13, 1853, in Louisville, Ky.
ROWAN, STEPHEN CLEGG, soldier,
was born in December, 1808, in Ireland.
In 1870 he was vice-admiral of the United
States navy. He died March 31, 1890, in
Washington, D. C.
ROWE, CHARLES HENRY, clergyman,
poet, was born Jan. 19, 1834, in Guilford,
Maine. In 1864 he was commissioned a
chaplain in the United States army. He
has filled pastorates in the baptist church
ever since in the vicinity of Boston. For
a time he was connected with the editorial
department of The Watchman of Boston;
and he is the author of a number of
poems and sacred hymns.
ROWE, MRS. HARRIET GOULD, au
thor, was born in 1854 in Maine. Shf is
a writer of Bangor, Maine; and the au
thor of Re-told Tales of the Hills and
Shores of Maine; and Queenshithe.
ROWE, HENRY CLARK, was born
April 23, 1851, in New Haven, Conn. He
is the pioneer in deep water oyster culture
in Long Island sound, and he received the
first grant of oyster ground outside of
the harbors in 1874. From 1875 until the
present time he has secured such legisla
tion from year to year as the growth of
the business required. During 1897 he
planted nearly three million bushels of
shells and other material on his grounds,
which comprise nearly ten thousand acres.
He is regarded as an authority on the
propagation and culture of oysters; and
is the author of The Oyster Industry; and
various papers read before the Interna
tional Fisheries congress at Chicago in
1893, and before other societies.
ROWE, PETER, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
York" from 1853 to 1855.
ROWELL, GEORGE PRESBURY, jour
nalist, was born July 4, 1838, in Concord,
Vt. In 1867 he took up his residence in
New York, where he began the publica
tion of Rowell's Newspaper Directory.
ROWELL, JONATHAN H., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Feb. 10.
1833, in Haverhill, N. H. He served three
years in the union army during the civil
war as a line officer. He was state's at
torney of the eighth judicial district at
Bloomington, 111., from 1868 to 1872. He
was a presidential elector in 1880; and was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth and
fifty-first congresses as a republican.
ROWLAND, ALFRED, soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Feb. 9, 1844, in Lumberton, N. C. In 1867
he was elected by the county court reg
ister of deeds for Robeson county, N. C. ;
and was a member of the general as
sembly of North Carolina in 1876-77, and
again in 1880-81. He was elected to the
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as a dem
ocrat.
ROWLAND, DAVID, congressman. He
was a delegate from Connecticut to the
colonial congress which met in New York
in 1765.
ROWLAND, HENRY AUGUSTUS, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 18, 1804, in
Windsor, Conn. He was a congregational
clergyman of Newark, N. J.; and the au
thor of Common Maxims of Infidelity;
The Path of Life; Light in a Dark Val
ley; and The Way of Peace. He died
Sept. 4, 1859, in Boston, Mass.
ROWLAND, HENRY AUGUSTUS, sci
entist, was born Nov. 27, 1848, in Hones-
dale, Pa. In 1884 he received the Rum-
ford medal for his researches in light and
heat.
ROWLAND, WILLIAM, ship builder.
was born April 28, 1828, in Monmouth
Junction, N. J. In 1894 he built the
Priscilla of the Fall River line, which
is acknowledged to be the finest vessel
afloat. He also finished the ships owned
by the Old Dominion line of steamers.
ROWLEY, ELIZA A., educator, poet,
was born March 1, 1834, in Oneida county,
N. Y. For many years she taught school
and music, sung soprano and alto, and
served as organist in several churches.
She has filled positions of honor in vari
ous societies in Nebraska; and is the
author of a number of poems which have
appeared in the periodical press.
ROWLEY, THOMAS ALGEO, soldier,
lawyer, was born Oct. 5, 1808, in Pittsburg,
Pa. He was made brigadier-general for
services at Fredericksburg. Va., in No
vember, 1862, and resigned his commis
sion Dec. 29, 1864. From 1866 till 1870 he
was United States marshal for the west
ern district of Pennsylvania, and he now
practices law In Pittsburg, Pa.
ROWLEY, WILLIAM REUBEN, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was born Feb. 8, 1824,
in Gouverneur. N. Y. He was brevetted
brigadier-general of volunteers in 1865.
He then returned to Galena, 111.; was
elected county judge in 1877, which office
he held at his death, and was also en
gaged in real estate business. He died
Feb. 9, 1886, in Chicago, 111.
ROWSE, SAMUEL WORCESTER, art
ist, was born Jan. 29, 1822, in Bath, Maine.
He has devoted himself to drawing in
black and white, and his works in crayon,
chiefly portraits and ideal heads of chil
dren, are well known to the public.
ROWSON, MRS. SUSANNA [HAS-
WELL], author, was born in 1762 in Eng
land. She was a once famous novelist
whose Charlotte Temple was the most
popular tale of its day. In 1793 she
came again to America, and after a short
career as an actress opened a school in
Boston, which was very successful. Her
writings include Victoria; Mary, or the
Test of Honour; The Fille de Chambre;
The Inquisitor; The Trials of the Heart;
Reuben and Rachel; Lucy Temple, a
sequel to Charlotte Temple; Miscellane
ous Poems; The Slaves of Algiers, an
opera; The Volunteers, a farce; and The
French Patriot, a comedy. She died
March 2, 1824, in Boston, Mass.
ROYALL, MRS. ANNE, journalist, au
thor, was born June 11, 1769, in Virginia.
She was a well-known and unpopular
Washington journalist, editor of the
Washington Paul Pry, whose literary style
was quite devoid of merit. She was the
author of The Black Book; The Tennes-
sean, a novel; Sketches of History, Life,
and Manners in the United States; and
A Southern Tour: Letters from Alabama.
She died Oct. 1, 1854, in Washington, D. C.
ROYALL, ISAAC, soldier, philanthro
pist, was born about 1720. Among numer
ous bequests he left 2,000 acres of land in
Worcester county, Mass., for the endow
ment of a law professorship in Harvard.
This was established in 1815 and is known
by his name. The town of Royalston,
Worcester county, Mass, was named for
him. He died in October, 1781, in Eng
land
ROYCE. HOMER ELIHU, lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, congressman, was born
June 14, 1820, in East Berkshire, Vt. He
was a member of the Vermont state legis
lature in 1846 and 1847; and was prose
cuting attorney for the state in 1848. He
was a state senator in 1849-51; and was
elected a representative from Vermont to
the thirty-fifth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-sixth congress.
ROYCE, JOSIAH, educator, author,
was born Nov. 20, 1855, in Grass Valley,
Cal. He is a professor of the history of
philosophy at Harvard university; and
the author of The Religious Aspect of
Philosophy; California: a Study of Amer
ican Character; The Feud of OaknVld
Creek, a novel; Primer of Logical Analy
sis; and The Spirit of Modern Philos
ophy.
ROYCE, STEPHEN, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, governor, was born Aug.
12, 1787, in Tinmouth, Vt. He was a mem
ber of the Vermont legislature in 181"> and
1816, from Sheldon county, and from 1822
to 1824 from St. Albans county. He was
judge of the supreme court of the state
in 1826 and 1827, and from 1829 to 1852.
He was chief justice from 1846 to 1851;
and was governor of Vermont from 1854
to 1856. He died Nov. 11, 1868. in East
Berkshire, Vt.
ROYE, EDWARD JAMES, philanthro
pist, was born Feb. 3, 1815, in Newark,
Ohio. He became president of Liberia,
where he died Feb. 12, 1872.
HKRKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
807
ROYER, JOHN A., soldier, physician,
surgeon, was born Feb. 15, 1840, in Frank
lin county, Pa. During the civil war he
was appointed surgeon In the depart
ment of Virginia; subsequently raised a
cavalry company, and was commissioned
first lieutenant. For twenty-five years he
practiced medicine in Carey, Ohio; and
since 1893 in Toledo. For four years he
was examining pension agent; and has
filled numerous other positions of honor.
ROYER, JOHN GROFF, educator, col
lege president, was born April 22, 1838, in
Hartleton, Pa. This well-known educat
or has been president of the Mt. Morris
college, Illinois, since 1884.
ROYSE, LEMUEL W., lawyer, con-,
gressman, was born Jan. 19, 1848, in
Kosciusko county, Ind. In 1876 he was
elected prosecuting attorney for the
thirty-third judicial circuit of Indiana,
which office he held two years. He was
elected mayor of the city of Warsaw in
1885 and held this office until 1891. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-
fifth congresses as a republican.
RUBLEE, HORACE, journalist, state
librarian, was born Aug. 19, 1829, in Berk
shire, Vt. In 1869 he was appointed
United States minister to Switzerland, and
held that position until 1880. In 1881 he
assumed the editorship of the Milwaukee
Republican and News; and in 1882 be
came editor of the Milwaukee Sentinel.
RUCKER, DANIEL HENRY, soldier,
was born April 28, 1812, in Belleville, N. J.
In 1865 he received the brevets of major-
general, United States army, and major-
general, United States volunteers, for
faithful and meritorious service during
the war.
RUCKER, HOWARD LEWIS, educator,
was born Jan. 12, 1852, in Jacksonville,
111. He is president of the university of
Commerce and Finance in Minneapolis,
Minn.
RUCKER, WILLIAM P., soldier, farm
er, physician, lawyer, was born Nov. 9,
1831, in Lynchburg, Va. He received his
education in Collins institute, the uni
versity of Virginia, and the Jefferson
Medical college. He was prosecuting at
torney for two years for Greenbrier coun
ty, W. Va. ; and two years for Pocahontas
couniy. During the war he served as a
major of the thirteenth regiment West
Virginia infantry; was aid-de-camp to
Generals Fremont, Siegel and Crook;
commanded for a short time the third
district of the West Virginia home
guards. After the war he was a success
ful merchant and tobacconist of Lynch
burg, Va. He is one of the foremost law
yers of the south, and practices his pro
fession in Lewisburg, W. Va.
RUDDER, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1820 in British Guinea.
He was an episcopal clergyman of Phila
delphia, rector of St. Stephen's church;
and the author of Sermons; and A Ra
tionale of the Church's Liturgic Worship.
RUDE, MRS. ELLEN SERGEANT,
poet, was born March 17, 1838, in Sodus,
N. Y. She is a temperance advocate of
St. Augustine, Fla.; and the author of a
volume of poems entitled Magnolia
Leaves.
RUDEL, CHARLES A., public official,
was born Aug. 26, 1868, in Baden, Ger
many. He is prominent in political af
fairs of Peoria, 111., was town clerk of
Peoria township in 1893; and since 1894
has served as county clerk.
RUDY, MARTIN, pharmacist, was born
Oct. 23, 1860, in Oregon, Pa. He is one
of the leading registered pharmacists and
manufacturing chemists in Pennsylvania.
His name and his goods have a world
wide reputation, and have done as much
as any other local industry to make the
city of Lancaster, Pa., familiar to people
all over the civilized world; his busi
ness extending to England, Mexico, Aus
tralia and other foreign countries.
RUEBSAM, JOHN EMIL HERMAN, in
ventor, was born March 19, 1841, in Prus
sia. He was operator and inventor for
the movement treatment at the Union
hospital of Philadelphia, Pa., in 1876; and
he Is the inventor of various kinds of ap
paratus for medical use.
RUFFIN, EDMUND, soldier, agricult
urist, journalist, state legislator, author,
was born Jan. 5, 1794, in Prince George
county, Va. He served in the Virginia
legislature, was secretary of the state
board of agriculture, agricultural survey
or of South Carolina, for many years was
president of the Virginia Agricultural so
ciety, and was the discoverer of the value
of marl as a fertilizer of poor soil, by the
use of which millions of dollars were add
ed to the value of real estate of eastern
Virginia. He published Essay on Calcare
ous Manures; Essay on Agricultural Ed
ucation; and Anticipations of the Future
to Serve as Lessons for the Present Time.
He died June 15, 1865, in Redmoor, Va.
RUFFIN, MARGARET E., poet, was
born Aug. 26, 1857, in Baldwin county,
Ala. She is proficient in music, a linguist,
and the author of a volume of poems en
titled Drifting Leaves.
RUFFIN, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in Edgecombe
county, N. C. He served as circuit at
torney of the seventh judicial circuit of
the state of Missouri from 1844 to 1848.
He was elected a representative from
North Carolina to the thirty-third, thirty-
fourth, thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses. He took part in the rebellion of
1861 as a member of the confederate con
gress, having previously been a delegate
to the peace congress of 1861. He died
in October, 1863, in Alexandria, Va.
RUFFIN, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born Nov. 17,
1787, in King and Queen county, Va. He
served in the North Carolina legislature
in 1813-16, becoming speaker in the latter
year; was judge of the supreme court in
1816-18, and elected again from 1825; and
was chief justice of the state supreme
court from 1829 till 1852, and again in
1856-58, after which he served as presid
ing judge of the county court. He died
Jan. 15, 1870, in Hillsboro, N. C.
RUFFNER, HENRY, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born Jan. 19, 1789, in
Page county, Va. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Virginia; a noted opponent
of slavery; and the author of Fathers of
the Desert: a History of Monarchism; and
Future Punishment. He died Dec. 17,
1861, in Maiden, Va.
RUFFNER, WILLIAM HENRY, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born in
1824, in Virginia. He is a presbyterian
clergyman of Philadelphia, and from 1870
state superintendent of public instruction
in Virginia. He is the author of Charity
and the Clergy.
RUGER, THOMAS HOWARD, soldier,
was born April 2, 1833, in Lima, N. Y.
In 1862 he was commissioned brigadier-
general of volunteers, and was subse
quently promoted to major-general. In
1868 he was provisional governor of
Georgia; and during 1871-76 was superin
tendent of the United States Military
academy.
RUGER, WILLIAM CRAWFORD, law
yer, jurist, was born Jan. 30, 1824, in
Bridgewater, N. Y. In 1882 he was elect
ed chief judge of the New York court of
appeals.
RUGGLES, BENJAMIN, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born Feb. 21,
1782, in Pomfret, Conn. In 1810 he was
elected president judge of the court of
common pleas for the third circuit of
Ohio. He was elected a senator of the
United States from Ohio, serving from
1815 to 1833. He died Sept. 2, 1857, in St.
Clairsville, Ohio.
RUGGLES, CHARLES HERMAN, was
born Feb. 10, 1789, in Milford, Conn. Re
moving to New York he was a member of
the New York legislature in 1820. He was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1821 to 1823; and was for
many years a judge of the circuit court.
He served for a second term in the state
legislature; was made a judge of the
court of appeals and presiding judge from
1853; and retired from the bench in 1855.
He died June 16, 1865, in Poughkeepsie,
N. Y.
RUGGLES, DANIEL, soldier, was born
Jan. 31, 1810, in Barre, Mass. He joined
the confederate army, and was commis
sioned brigadier-general in the same year.
He became major-general in 1863, and
commanded the department of the Mis
sissippi.
RUGGLES, EMILY, merchant, was born
July 16, 1827, in Dorchester, Mass. She is
a descendant of Peregrine White, the first
child born among the Pilgrims of Massa
chusetts. Being deeply interested in the
reforms of the day, she was one of the
first women in Massachusetts elected to
the office of school committee.
RUGGLES, GEORGE DAVID, soldier,
was born Sept. 11, 1833, in Newburgh,
N. Y. In 1855 he graduated from West
Point; and served
on the frontier and
in «be territories un
til 1861. During the
civil war he served
with Patterson in
1861; in charge of
the organization of
the volunteer army
in 1861-62; chief of
staff under Pope in
1862; and with Sec
retary Stanton in
1863. During 1863-
64 he was in the conscription bureau and
inspection; and in 1865 was adjutant-
general army of the Potomac under
Meade. During 1868-76 he was in the
department of the Platte; and during the
next four years was in the department of
the Dakota. He won many brevets for
bravery and meritorious services; at
tained the rank of adjutant-general of the
army; and was retired in 1896.
RUGGLES, HENRY STODDARD, finan
cier, author, was born Oct. 31, 1846, in
Boston, Mass. He has been for many-
years engaged in the
management of trust
property, having
charge of large es
tates in Boston. His
residence is in the
town of Wakefield, a
suburb of that city.
During his leisure,
he has turned his
attention somewhat
towards literature,
writing over his
own name as well as
his nom-de-plume of Henry Stoddard.
He has also contributed many pa
pers to historical and other periodicals
in addition to several books; and his
writings have been a valuable acquisition
to current literature.
MIS
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RUGGLES, JOHN, mechanic, lawyer,
state legislator. United States senator,
was born Oct. 8, 1789, in Westborough,
Mass. He was nine times elected to the
Maine legislature, and officiated as speak
er three years. From 1831 to 1835 he was
judge of the court of common pleas. He
was a senator in congress from Maine
from 1835 to 1841. He died June 20, 1874,
in Thomaston, Maine.
RUGGLES, JOSEPH WESLEY, musi
cian, composer, was born Dec. 2, 1837, in
Milan. Ohio. He is a director of the Con
servatory School of Music at the Upper
Iowa university of Fayette. He is the au
thor of a number of anthems, cantatas,
and Sunday school songs.
RUGGLES, NATHANIEL, congressman,
was born in 1761 in Massachusetts. He
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1813 to 1819. He died
Dec. 19, 1819, in Roxbury, Mass.
RUGGLES, SAMUEL BULKELEY,
lawyer, financier, was born April 11, 1800,
in New Milford, Conn. He was one of
the organizers of the Erie canal; and
was a representative of the United States
in the international monetary conference
at Paris in 1867. He laid out and pre
sented Gramercy Park to the city of New
York. He died Aug. 28, 1881, in Fire
Island, N. Y.
RUGGLES, STEPHEN PRESTON, in
ventor, was born July 4, 1808, in Wind
sor, Vt. He was the original inventor of
the movable platen in printing presses,
and of many other features which are
still In use in printing presses. He also
invented types, presses, and paper f6r
printing for the blind, which now, like
his devices for stereotyping, paper-cutting
and ruling and metal working machinery,
have become common property. He died
May 28, 1880, in Boston, Mass.
RUGGLES, WILLIAM, educator, phi
lanthropist, was born Sept. 5, 1797, in
Rochester, Mass. He was a generous
contributor to charitable objects, especial
ly those of the baptist denomination. To
Karen Theological school, in Burmah, he
gave during his life $15,000, and at his
death he left it a legacy of $25,000. He
died Sept. 10, 1877, in Washington, D. C.
RULISON, NELSON SOMERVILLE
bishop, was born April 24, 1842, in Car
thage, N. Y. In 1867 he became rector
of Zion church of Morris, N. Y.; and three
years later went to Jersey City, and there
founded and built the St. John's Free
church. He was subsequently consecrat
ed protestant episcopal bishop of central
Pennsylvania.
RUMFORD, BENJAMIN THOMPSON,
count, philosopher, statesman, author
was born in 1753 in Maine. He was a
statesman and philosopher. After serving
Great Britain in the war of the revolution
he entered the service of the elector of
Bavaria, rose to the position of minister
of war, and was created count of the Holy
Roman empire, taking his title Rumford
from Rumford, now Concord, N. H. He
was the author of Essays: Political, Eco
nomical, and Philosophical. He died Aug.
21, 1814, near Paris, France.
RUMPLE, JETHRO, clergyman, author,
was born March 10. 1827, in Cabarrus
county, N. C. He was ordained to the
Presbyterian ministry in 1857. After hold
ing pastorates in Mecklenburg county, he
was called in I860 to Salisbury. N. C.,
where he has since remained. He has
taken an active part in the councils of
his church, and published History of Row
an County, N. C.; and History of the First
Fifty Years of Davidson College; and
History of Presbyterianism in North
Carolina.
RUMSEY, BENJAMIN, congressman,
was born about 1730. He was a delegate
from Maryland to the continental congress
from 1776 to 1778.
RUMSEY, DAVID, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1847
to 1851.
RUMSEY, EDWARD, congressman, was
born in Kentucky. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1837
to 1839.
RUMSEY, JOSEPH B.. railroad presi
dent, was born Aug. 29, 1842, in Maines-
burg, Pa. Since 1892 he has been presi
dent of the Olean, Oswayo and Eastern
railroad.
RUNCIE, MRS. CONSTANCE
[FAUNT LE ROY], author, poet, was
born Jan. 15, 1836, in Indianapolis, Ind.
She is a writer
whose home was
many years at St.
Joseph, Mo. She is
the author of Di
vinely Led; Poems,
Dramatic and Lyric;
Woman's Work; Fe-
1 i x Mendelssohn;
and Children's Stor
ies and Fables. Be
sides the publication
of these works, she
has contributed both
prose and verse to the leading newspapers
and magazines of the United States.
RUNK, JOHN, congressman, was born
in New Jersey. He was a presidential
elector in 1841; and was a representative
in congress from New Jersey from 1845 to
1847.
RUNKLE, JOHN DANIEL, educator,
mathematician, author, was born Oct. 11,
1822, in Root, N. Y. He is a noted mathe
matician, professor of mathematics in the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in
1870-78; and the author of Elements of
Plane and Solid Analytic Geometry.
RUNKLE, LUCIA ISABELLA, author,
was born Aug. 20, 1844, in North Brook-
field, Mass. For many years she was an
editorial writer and contributor to the
New York Tribune, in which she pub
lished a brilliant series of articles on
Cooking, treated from an artistic stand
point, which attracted much attention.
RUNNELS, HARRISON R., state legis
lator, governor, was born in Mississippi.
He emigrated to Texas in 1841, served in
the legislature of the state and was speak
er of the house; and in 1855 was elected
lieutenant-governor. In 1857 he was elect
ed governor of Texas. He died in Cowie
county, Miss.
RUNNELS, HIRAM G., governor. He
was governor of Mississippi from 1833 to
1835.
RUNYAN, JOHN N., soldier, was born
April 26, 1846, in Warsaw, Ind. He left
Warsaw in December, 1861, with a num
ber of recruits for
company E, twelfth
Indiana infantry. He
was promoted second
lieutenant in 1X63.
At the battle of
Chickamauga, the
captain and first
lieutenant being
wounded early in the
action, the command
I of his company de-
H volved upon Lieu
tenant Runyan. As
a drill master he was one of the best. It
was while nmagi'd jn a sharp skirmish
June 15. 1864. at the foot of Kenesaw
Mountain, that Lieutenant Runyan dis
played remarkable bra\ery.
RUPP, ISAAC DANIEL, author, was
born July 10, 1803, in Cumberland county,
Pa. He was an industrious local histori
an of Pennsylvania, who, besides writing
histories of nearly thirty counties in his
state, published also Events in Indian
History; History of Religious Denomina
tions in the United States; Early History
of Western Pennsylvania; and Thirty
Thousand Names of German Emigrants
He died May 31, 1878, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RUSCHENBERGER, WILLIAM S. W.,
naval surgeon, author, was born Sept. 4,
1807, in Cumberland county, N. Y. He
was a noted naval surgeon and natural
ist of Philadelphia, and the author of
Elements of Natural History; A Voyage
Around the World; Three Weeks in the
Pacific; Notes and Commentaries Dur
ing Voyages to Brazil and China; Lexi
con of Natural History Terms; Account
of the College of Physicians and Surgeons
in Philadelphia; and The Brothers Rog
ers. He died in 1895.
RUSH, BENJAMIN, signer of the dec
laration of independence, was born Dec.
24, 1745, in Bristol, Pa. He was an earn
est advocate of the
cause of liberty; was
a delegate to the con
tinental congress in
1776 and 1777, and a
signer of the declara
tion of independence.
He was a member
of the convention
called to ratify the
federal constitution,
and subsequently held
the post of cashier of
the United States
mint. He took an active part in the so
ciety for the Abolition of Slavery, the
Philadelphia Bible society, the Philadel
phia Medical society, and the American
Philosophical society. He was the author
of Treatise on Diseases of the Mind; Es
says, Literary, Moral and Philosophical;
and Sixteen Introductory Lectures. He
died April 19, 1813, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RUSH, BENJAMIN, lawyer, author
was born Jan. 23, 1811, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is a lawyer of Philadelphia, and
the author of Appeal for the Union; and
letters on the Rebellion, 1862. He died
June 30, 1877, in Paris, France.
RUSH, JACOB, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born in 1746 in Byberry township.
Pa. He was a Philadelphia jurist, and
the author of Charges on Moral and Reli-
Sious Subjects; Character of Christ; and
Christian Baptism. He died Jan. 5, 1820,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
RUSH, JAMES, philanthropist, author,
was born March 1, 1786, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a distinguished Philadelphia
citizen, and the founder of the Ridgeway
library, to which he left one million dol
lars. He was the author of The Philoso
phy of the Human Voice; Analysis of the
Human Intellect; and Rhymes of Con
trast on Wisdom and Folly. He died
May 26, 1869, in Philadelphia, Pa.
RUSH, RICHARD, lawyer, orator, au
thor, was born Aug. 29. 1780, in Philadel
phia, Pa. In 1814 he was appointed attor
ney-general of the United States. In
1817 he was appointed minister to Eng
land, serving until 1825. He was secre
tary of the treasury under President J. Q.
Adams; was candidate for vice-president
on the ticket with Adams, and in 1847 was
appointed minister to France, remaining
in otlice ten years. In 1833 he published A
Residence at the Court of St. James; a
Sequel to it in 1845, and in 1857, Familiar
Letters of Washington. In 1860 a volume
of Occasional Productions was pub
lished. He died July 30, 1859, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
809
RUSK, HARRY WELLES, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
Oct. 17, 1852, in Baltimore, Md. In 1872
he graduated from
the Maryland univer
sity law school with
the degree of LL. B.
For six years he
was a member of the
Maryland house of
delegates; and for
four years a mem
ber of the Maryland
senate. He was
elected a representa
tive from Baltimore
to the forty-ninth
congress to fill a vacancy; and was elected
to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second,
fifty-third and fifty-fourth congresses.
RUSK, JEREMIAH McLAIN, soldier,
state legislator, congressman, was born
June 17, 1830, in Morgan county, Ohio.
He was a member of
the Wisconsin legis
lature in 1862. He
was commissioned
major of Wisconsin
volunteers in 1862,
and was brevetted
brigadier - general.
He was elected bank
comptroller of Wis
consin in 1866, and
re-elected for 1868.
He was elected a rep
resentative from
Wisconsin to the forty-second, forty-third
and forty-fourth congresses. He was
elected governor of Wisconsin in 1882,
and was re-elected in 1884 and in 1886. In
1889 he was elected secretary of agricul
ture.
RUSK, THOMAS JEFFERSON, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, United States senator, was
born Aug. 8, 1802, in Camden, S. C.
He served as a member of the house of
representatives and as chief justice of the
supreme court, which last office he re
signed early in 1842. In 1845 he was presi
dent of the convention that consummated
the annexation of Texas to the United
States. Upon the admission of Texas into
the Union in 1845 he was elected one of
the senators in the congress of the United
States, in which office he served two terms
and was re-elected for the third term,
ending in 1863. He died July 29, 1856, in
Nacogdoches, Texas.
RUSS, JOHN, congressman, was born
in Ipswich, Mass. He was a representa
tive in congress from Connecticut from
1819 to 1823. He died June 22, 1832, in
Hartford, Conn.
RUSSELL, ADDISON PEALE, journal
ist, author, was born in 1826 in Ohio. He
is an Ohio journalist and essayist, now
living in retirement in Wilmington, Ohio.
He is the author of Half Tints; Library
Notes; Thomas Corwin, a Sketch; Charac
teristics; A Club of One; In a Club Cor
ner; and Sub-Ccelum.
RUSSELL, ALFRED, jurist, scholar,
orator, was born March 18, 1830, in Ply
mouth, N. H. In 1850 he graduated from
Dartmouth college,
and in 1852 from the
Harvard college law
school. The same
year he was admit
ted to the bar of
New Hampshire; the
following year to the
bar of Michigan: to
the bar of the Unit
ed States circuit
court on June 25,
1853, and to the bar
of the supreme court
of the United States at Washington in
1858. He took part in the formation of
the republican party. In 1864 he was
sent to Montreal and Toronto by Secre
tary Seward to procure extradition of the
St. Albans and Lake Erie raiders. He
was appointed United States district at
torney by President Lincoln; and has
been professor of federal jurisprudence in
the Detroit College of Law. He is the au
thor of many patriotic and college ad
dresses, and has achieved a national rep
utation among the lawyers and scholars
of America.
RUSSELL, AMOS B., clergyman, poet,
was born Feb. 24,1825, in Woodstock, N.H.
After taking a theological course he be
came pastor of the
methodist church of
Gilmanton, N. H. He
has traveled exten
sively in Europe;
and now fills the pas
torate in East Lemp-
ster. His poems
have appeared in the
Boston Christian
Witness, and other
prominent religious
publications; and his
poems also appeared
in Poets of America and other standard
works; and are a valuable acquisition to
American literature.
RUSSELL, ARCHIBALD, philanthrop
ist, was born in 1811 in Scotland. He
settled in New York city in 1836, where
he devoted his time and fortune to ben
evolent and educational enterprises,
founding the Five Points mission, of
which he was, president for eighteen
years, and aiding in establishing the Half-
Orphan asylum, of which he was a vice-
president. He died April 12, 1871, in New
York city.
RUSSELL, BENJAMIN, soldier, jour
nalist, state senator, author, was born
Sept. 13, 1761, in Boston, Mass. For
twenty-four years he was a representa
tive from Boston to the general court,
and was several years in the state senate.
For many years he was the editor and
owner of the Columbian Sentinel. He
died Jan. 4, 1845, in Boston, Mass.
RUSSELL, BENJAMIN EDWARD, sol
dier, journalist, state legislator, congress
man, was born Oct. 5, 1845, in Monticello,
Fla. He entered the
confederate army as
a drummer boy in
the first Georgia reg
iment, and upon the
disbanding of this
regiment he immedi
ately enlisted in the
eighth Florida regi
ment, continuing
with it the last three
years of the war with
the rank of first lieu
tenant. He entered
the printing business, and has been twen
ty-one years editor of the Bainbridge
Democrat. In 1877 he was a delegate to
the state constitutional convention; dele
gate to the national democratic conven
tion in 1880, and mayor of Bainbridge in
1881-82. He was a representative in the
legislature 1SS2-83, and postmaster at
Bainbridpre from 1885 to 1890. He was
Heeled to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses as a democrat.
RUSSELL, BENJAMIN F., lawyer, jour
nalist, legislator, was born Oct. 26, 1844,
in Greenwood, Maine. During the civil
war he served as lieutenant in the third
regiment Massachusetts cavalry. He has
served as a representative in the Missouri
state legislature, and has been speaker
in that body.
RUSSELL, CHARLES ADDISON, sol
dier, merchant, state legislator, congress
man, was born March 2, 1852, in Worces
ter, Mass. He re
ceived a public
school and collegiate
education, and in
1873 graduated from
Yale college Dur
ing 1881-82 he was
aide -de - camp on
Governor Bigelow's
staff, with the rank
of colonel. In 1883
he was a member of
the general assembly
of Connecticut; and
in 1885-86 was secretary of state of Con
necticut. He was elected to the fifty-first,
fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth and
fifty-fifth congresses. He is a successful
woolen merchant of Killingly, Conn.
RUSSELL, DANIEL LINDSAY, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Aug. 7,
1845, in Brunswick county, N. C. He
was elected to the North Carolina state
legislature in 1864, and re-elected in 1865.
He was elected judge of the superior
courts for the fourth judicial circuit in
1868, and served six years; and was again
elected to the legislature in 1876. He was
elected to the forty-sixth congress.
RUSSELL, DAVID, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born in 1800
in Massachusetts. He was in the legis
lature in 1816 and in 1830, subsequently
United States district attorney for north
ern New York, and in 1835-41 was a mem
ber of congress. He died Nov. 24, 1862,
in Salem, N. Y.
RUSSELL, EMORY POOLE, musician,
educator, lecturer, was born Sept. 20, 1855,
in New York city. This eminent musi
cian was proprietor and director of the
Conservatory of Music in New York
state, and is now director of music in
Providence, R. I.
RUSSELL, FRANCIS THAYER, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born June
10, 1828, in Roxbury, Mass. He is an
episcopal clergyman and educator of Wat-
erbury, Conn., rector of St. Margaret's
school there, and voice instructor in the
General Theological seminary in New
York city. He is the author of The Use
of the Voice.
RUSSELL, GEORGE H., scientific tan
ner, was born April 27, 1835, in Laugh-
tenstown, Pa. For many years he was
superintendent of the Russell Belting and
Tanning company of Baltimore, Md., and
New York city. He is the inventor of a
system of tanning fine oak harness leath
er, a process which makes a fine grade
out of a fair sole leather for fine work,
nice russet and belting.
RUSSELL, HARRY LUMAN, bacteriol
ogist, author, was born March 12, 1866,
in Poynette, Wis. For many years he has
filled the chair of bacteriology in the uni
versity of Wisconsin; and is the con
sulting bacteriologist to the Wisconsin
state board of health. He has made val
uable researches in bacteriology; and is
the author of Russell's Outlines of Dairy
Bacteriology.
RUSSELL, HENRY, author, was born
Dec. 24, 1842, in Port Kent, N. Y. He is
the author of a number of songs. Among
his best known are, The Maniac; I'm
Afloat; The Ivy Green; A Life on the
Green Wave; Woodman, Spare that Tree;
The Old Arm-Chair; anu There's a Good
Time Coming, Boys.
RUSSELL, IRWIN, author, was born in
1853. He is a southern writer of dialect
verse; and the author of Dialect Poems.
He died in 1879.
810
MKKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RUSSELL, ISRAEL COOK, educator,
geologist, author, was born Dec. 10, 1852,
in Garrattsville, N. Y. He is a professor
of geology in the university of Michigan
from 1892, anil a geologist in the United
States geological survey, in 1880-92. He
is the author of Lakes of North America;
Lake Lahontan; Quarternary History of
Moro Valley; Glaciers of North America;
Present and Extinct Lakes of Nevada;
and Volcanoes of North America, and
many geological reports.
RUSSELL, JAMES, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, was born Oct. 1, 1640, in
Charlestown, Mass. He was a representa
tive in 1679, an assistant in 1680-86, and
one of Gov. Joseph Dudley's council. He
was a member of the council of safety
in 1689, a leader in the revolutionary
movement of that day, a councillor under
the new charter in 1692, and was a judge
and treasurer of Massachusetts in 1680-86.
He died April 28, 1709, in Charlestown,
Mass.
RUSSELL, JAMES M., lawyer, congress
man, was born Nov. 10, 1786, in York, Pa.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1841 to 1843. He died
Dec. 20, 1870, in Bedford, Pa.
RUSSELL, JEREMIAH, congressman,
was born in New York. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state
from 1843 to 1845.
RUSSELL, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1805 to 1809.
RUSSELL, JOHN E., agriculturist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 20, 1834, in
Greenfield, Mass. He was elected secre
tary of the Massachusetts state board of
agriculture in 1880, and was five times
re-elected, serving until he was elected
to the fiftieth congress as a democrat.
RUSSELL, JOHN HENRY, naval offi
cer, was born July 4, 1827, in Frederick
City, Md. He served in the United States
navy during the civil war, attaining the
rank of lieutenant-commander in 1862;
and in 1886 he was commissioned rear-ad
miral.
RUSSELL, JONATHAN, diplomat, con
gressman, was born in 1771 in Providence,
R. I. He was appointed minister pleni
potentiary to Sweden in 1814, and was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1821 to 1823. He died Feb.
19, 1832, in Milton, Mass.
RUSSELL, JOSEPH, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1845 to 1847, and from
1851 to 1853.
RUSSELL, L. A., musician, author, was
born in 1834, in Newark, N. J. He is the
musical director of the Newark College of
Music, the author of How to Read Mu
sic; and composer of several pieces for
the pianoforte, voice, orchestra and cho
rus.
RUSSELL, LAWRENCE, lawyer, state
legislator, was born Aug. 3, 1855, in Rus-
sellville, Ark. During 1891-94 he served
as a representative in the Arkansas state
legislature. He is an able lawyer and
practices his profession in Russellville,
Ark.
RUSSELL, LILLIAN, operatic singer,
was born Dec. 4, 1861, in Clinton, Iowa.
Her father was Charles E. Leonard, who
died in 1897, and for many years prior to
his death was a member of the firm of
Knight and Leonard, the well-known
printers and publishers of Chicago. Her
mother, Cynthia Leonard, has been for
many years a prominent advocate of fe
male suffrage and other reforms. Lillian
made her debut as a ballad singer in New
York city; went to Europe in 1883, and
from 1885 attained rank as one of the
foremost operatic singers of the century.
Her labors on the stage have been highly
profitable, and she is now the possessor
of a comfortable home in New York city.
She has been married and has one daugh
ter.
RUSSELL, NOADIAH, clergyman, was
born in 1659 in Middletown, Conn. In
1688 he was ordained minister of the
church in Middletown, where he remained
until his death. He was one of the twelve
founders of Yale, and a trustee of that
college. His Diary is published in the
New England Historical Register for Jan
uary, 1853. He died Dec. 3, 1V13, in Mid
dletown, Conn.
RUSSELL, O. E., business man, was
born May 4, 1848, in Meigs county, Ohio.
He is a successful business man of Mid-
dleport, Ohio, where he is engaged in
the stationery and printing business. He
has been a member of the city council;
a delegate of the supreme council of the
A. P. A. at Washington, and has filled
various other public positions of trust.
RUSSELL, RICHARD, colonist, was
born in 1612 in England. He came to this
country in 1640, was a representative in
1646, speaker of the house in 1648-49,
1654, 1656, and 1658, assistant in 1659-76,
and treasurer of Massachusetts from 1644
until his death. He died May 14, 1674, in
Charlestown, Mass.
RUSSELL, S. DOUGLAS, lawyer, jour
nalist, was born Aug. 3, 1862, in Natchez,
Miss. He received his education in the
Alcon university of Rodney, Miss., and is
now a prominent lawyer of Kingfisher
City, O. T., and the editor and owner of
The Constitution of that city.
RUSSELL. SAMUEL L., congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1853 to 1855.
RUSSELL, SHELDON C., soldier, law
yer, was born May 26, 1832, in Wayne
county, Pa. He attended the academy
. in Coudersport, Pa.,
•••^••••••j where he also stud-
• led law. In 1856 he
f j^^J| moved to Kansas,
•JKWb^ I and was admitted to
I the bar three years
' later at Lawrence,
where he has since
been successfully en
gaged in the practice
of his profession. In
1861 he enlisted In
the eighth regiment,
Kansas volunteer in
fantry, as first lieutenant and adjutant;
served in the army of the Cumberland;
and was later commissioned a major of
the thirteenth Kansas. He represented
Douglas county in the state convention
that nominated Governor S. J. Crawford,
and was offered the position of paymaster
in the regular army by Abraham Lincoln.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Ireland. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Ohio from 1827
to 1833, and again from 1841 to 1843.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 20, 1090, in Middle-
town, Conn. He declined the presidency
of Yale college, was one of its trustees,
and published a sermon entitled The De
cay of Love to God in Churches.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM, elocutionist, au
thor, was J>orn April 28, 1798, in Scotland.
He was an elocutionist of note, widely
known in his day as a teacher, and the
author of Orthophony, or Vocal Culture;
Pulpit Elocution; Lessons in Enuncia
tion; and Grammar of Composition. He
died May 17, 1873, in Lancaster, Mass.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM, author, was borm
Dec. 28, 1835, in Tennessee. He is a prac
tical horseshoer; and is the author of a
work entitled Russell on Scientific Horse
shoeing. He is conceded to be the stand
ard authority on horseshoeing; has over
two hundred different styles of horse
shoes, which have been made during the
past half century, and at the World's Col
umbian exposition he received the first
prize medal and diploma.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM, educator, college
president, was born July 16, 1842, near
Centerville, Ind. He received a thor
ough education in the common schools,
Richmond academy, and the Illinois
State Normal university. In 1869 he was
superintendent of schools of Marion. Ind.,
and during the years 1877-85 was a teach
er in the Marion public schools and the
Marion Normal school. Since 1890 he has
been connected with the Southland col
lege, and since 1891 has been its presi
dent.
RUSSELL. WILLIAM A., manufacturer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
April 22, 1831, in Wells River, Vt. He
was a representative in the Massachusetts
state legislature in 1869, and was elected
a representative from Massachusetts to
the forty-sixth, forty-seventh and forty-
eighth congresses as a republican.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM EUSTIS, govern
or, author, was born Sept. 6, 1857, in Cam
bridge, Mass. He was mayor of Cam
bridge during 1884-88; and for three terms
he served as governor of Massachusetts
(Hiring 1890-93. He was the author of
Speeches and Messages. He died in 1896.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM F., merchant,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
Saugerties, N. Y. He was a member of the
legislature of New York in 1850. He was
elected a representative from New York in
the thirty-fifth congress.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM HOWARD, law
yer, was born Nov. 24, 1867, in Livermore,
Pa. In 1879 he moved to Kansas with
his parents; and is now a prominent law
yer of La Crosse. In his youth he taught
school, herded cattle, and was local man
ager for an eastern lumber company. He
organized a camp Sons of Veterans, and
was subsequently elected commander-in-
chiof.
RUST, ALBERT, soldier, congressman,,
was born in Virginia. Removing to Ark
ansas he was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1855 to 1857,
and again from 1859 to 1861. He took
part in the rebellion of 1861, and was a
brigadier-general.
RUST, MRS. ELIZABETH L., author,
was born in Ellicott City, Md. She is the
general corresponding secretary of the
Woman's Home Missionary society of the
Methodist Episcopal Church from its for
mation. As secretary of this great insti
tution she has written seventeen annual
reports, in which are discussed almost
every phase of home missionary work.
RUST, RICHARD S., clergyman, col
lege president, philanthropist, was born
Sept. 12, 1815, in Ipswich, Mass. As early
as 1837 he was a lecturer on anti-slavery
in New England. Ho originated and pub
lished the American Pulpit. He was pres
ident of Ellington seminary in 1842; of
the New Hampshire conference seminary
and Female college in 1850-54; in 1858 was
elected the first president of Wilborforce
college of Ohio, and in 1863 was elected
president of the Wesleyan college for
Women at Cincinnati, Ohio. For twenty-
five years he was field and corresponding
secretary of the Freedman's Aid and
Southern Educational society of the meth-
odlst episcopal church, of which he waa
one of the founders.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
811
RUST, WILLIAM APPLETON, physi
cian, druggist, legislator, was born June
22, 1823, in Gorham, Maine. He attended
the Gorham academy, Maine Medical
school, and in 1846 graduated at the New
York university. He has been trustee of
the Maine State Reform school; member
of the Massachusetts house of represent
atives, and a member of the Boston school
board. He has been a trustee of the city
hospital; a director of the Metropolitan
railroad; for twenty-five years a director
of the Blackstone National bank; and
vice-president of the Penny Savings bank.
For eighteen years he practiced medicine
with success, and since 1865 has been a
successful wholesale druggist of Boston.
RUTER, MARTIN, clergyman, college
president, author, was born April 3, 1785,
in Charlton, Mass. When Augusta col
lege, Kentucky, was established in 1828
he was selected for the presidency, and he
held that office until he resigned in order
to return to the ministry in 1832. He
preached in Pittsburg, Pa., for two years,
and Then became president of Allegheny
college. Obtaining the appointment of
superintendent of the mission to Texas,
he resigned in July, 1837. Rutersville,
Texas, was named for him, and the col
lege there was founded in his honor. He
published a Collection of Miscellaneous
Pieces. He died May 16, 1838, in Wash
ington, Texas.
RUTGERS, HENRY, soldier, philan
thropist, was born Oct. 7, 1745, in New
York city. He was a member of the New
York assembly, and during 1802-26 was a
regent in the New York State univer
sity. Rutgers college of New Brunswick,
N. J., was named in his honor, he having
contributed five thousand dollars to its
funds.
RUTHERFOORD, JOHN, governor, was
born Dec. 6, 1792, in Richmond, Va. In
1841 he was elected governor of Virginia,
serving until 1842. He died in July, 1865.
RUTHERFORD, ALLAN, soldier, law
yer, was born Oct. 29, 1839, in New York
city. He served as a volunteer officer
during the rebellion, and became a briga
dier-general by brevet. In 1866 he was
appointed a captain in the regular army;
and resigned in 1870 to accept the office
of third auditor of the United States trea
sury.
RUTHERFORD. GRIFFITH, soldier,
was born about 1731 in Ireland. In 1776
he was appointed a brigadier-general by
the provincial congress. In 1784 he was a
state senator in South Carolina. Ten
years later he became president of the
Tennessee legislative council. A county
in North Carolina, and also in Tennessee,
bear his name. He died in 1794 in Ten
nessee.
RUTHERFORD, JOHN, governor. He
was a native of Virginia. He was govern
or of that state in 1841 and 1842.
RUTHERFORD, JOHN, lawyer, United
States senator, was born in September,
1760, in New York city. He was a senator
of the United States from New Jersey
from 1791 to 1798; was a presidential
elector in 1798, 1813, and 1821, and was the
last survivor of the senators in congress
during the administration of President
Washington. He died Feb. 23, 1840, in
Rutherford, N. J.
RUTHERFORD, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
was born Dec. 6, 1792, in Richmond, Va.
He was for many years president of the
Virginia Mutual Assurance society, the
first institution of this kind in the state,
and held that post until his death.
He became lieutenant-governor of Vir
ginia in 1840. He died in July, 1866, in
Richmond, Va.
RUTHERFORD, MILDRED LEWIS, ed
ucator, author, was born July 16, 1852, in
Athens, Ga. She received her education
in the Lucy Cobb institute of Athens, Ga.,
and during 1880-95 she was principal in
that institution. She has been president
of the Ladies' Memorial association since
1888; president of the Daughters of the
Confederacy since its organization; and
is the state historian for Georgia in the
U. D. C. She is the author of English
Authors; American Authors; Bible Ques
tions; Bible Authors; Mannie Brown,
That School Girl; Edward Kennedy,
That College Boy; and other works.
RUTHERFORD, ROBERT, congress
man. He was a representative in congress
from Virginia from 1793 to 1797.
RIITHERFURD, JOHN, United States
senator, was born in 1760 in New York
city. In 1798 he served as a United
States senator. He died Feb. 23, 1840, in
New Jersey.
RUTHRAUFF, JOHN M., clergyman,
college president, was born Jan. 13, 1846,
near Canton, Ohio. This eminent clergy
man was president of the Rock River as
sembly during 1878-95, and is now presi
dent of Carthage college, Illinois.
RUTLEDGE, EDWARD, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born
Nov. 23, 1749, in Charleston, S. C. He was
a delegate to the continental congress
from 1774 to 1777, and signed the declara
tion of independence. He served in the
state assembly, and in 1798 was elected
governor of South Carolina. He died Jan.
23, 1800, in Charleston, S. C.
RUTLEDGE, EDWARD, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born April 11, 1799, in
Charleston, S. C. He was an episcopal
clergyman who was professor of moral
philosophy at the university of Pennsyl
vania, and the author of The Family Al
tar; and History of the Church of Eng
land. He died March 13, 1832, in Savan
nah, Ga.
RUTLEDGE, HUGH, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born about 1741 in
Charleston, S. C. In 1782-85 he was speak
er of the South Carolina state house of
representatives. In 1791 he was chosen
by the legislature one of the three judges
of the court of equity as reconstituted by
a lately enacted law, which office he filled
till his death. He died in January, 1811,
in Charleston, S. C.
RUTLEDGE, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, governor, was born
in 1739 in Charleston, S. C. He was a
delegate to the con
tinental congress;
and in 1776 was ap
pointed president of
South Carolina, and
commander- in-
chief of that colony,
having also been a
member of the" con
vention of 1774. He
was governor of the
state in 1779; was
chancellor of the
state in 1784; and
was a member of the convention to frame
the constitution of the United States, and
signed that instrument. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1797 to 1803.
After having been judge of the court of
chancery, chief justice of South Carolina,
and judge of the supreme court of the
United States, he was finally promoted to
the position of chief justice, but was not
confirmed by the senate. He died in July,
1800, in Charleston, S. C.
RUTTENBER, EDWARD MANNING,
antiquarian, author, was born July 17,
1824, in Bennington, Vt. He is an anti
quary of Newburg, N. Y., who has pub
lished a History of Newburg; History of
Orange County; and History of the Hud
son uiver Tribes.
RUTTER, JAMES H., railroad presi
dent, was born Feb. 3, 1836, in Lowell,.
Mass. In 1883 he was president of the
New York Central Railroad company. He
died June 27, 1885.
RYALL, D. D., lawyer, congressman,.
was born in Trenton, N. J. He adopted
the profession of the law; and was a
representative in congress from New Jer
sey from 1839 to 1841.
RYALS, GARLAND MITCHELL, farm
er, legislator, was born May 27, 1839, in
Cumberland county, Va. During the civil
war he was color bearer of his company;
became second sergeant, and was finally
promoted to captain and major of cavalry,
and served on the staffs of Lee, Stuart and
Hampton. After the war he engaged in
merchandising, railroading and farming;
and in 1869 moved to Savannah, Ga. In
1875 he was connected with a cotton farm,
and since 1880 has pursued truck farming.
In 1890 he served with distinction as a
member of the Georgia state legislature.
He is vice-president of the Farmers' Na
tional congress, and has filled various
other public offices of trust.
RYAN, ABRAM JOSEPH— Father Ryan
— clergyman, poet, was born Aug. 15, 1839,
in Norfolk, Va. He was a Roman catholic
priest and verse-writer of the south whose
verse has been much over-praised in some
quarters. He was the author of Poems,
Patriotic, Religious, and Miscellaneous;
The Conquered Banner, and Other Po
ems; and A Crown for Our Queen. He
died April 22, 1886, in Louisville, Ky.
RYAN, EDWARD GEORGE, journalist,
lawyer, jurist, was born Nov. 13, 1810, in
Ireland. He was city attorney of Mil
waukee in 1870-72, and in 1874 was ap
pointed chief justice of the state to fill
a vacancy; and was elected to the office
in the following April. He died Oct. 19,
1880, in Milwaukee, Wis.
RYAN, EMMONS BLACKBURN, law
yer, public official, was born Nov. 20, 1832,
in Lexington, Ky. He was educated at
the Transylvania university of his native
city. He moved to California in 1849, and
subsequently engaged in the provision
business in Sacramento. For many years
he was assessor of that city, and was con
nected with the paymaster's department
of the army during 1864-66. In 1868 he
became private secretary to Senator Stan
ford, which confidential position he filled
until 1871. Since that time he has been
general tax commissioner of San Francis
co, Cal., and for twenty-six years tax at
torney for the Central Pacific Railroad
company and the Southern Pacific Rail
road company.
RYAN, GEORGE PARKER, naval offi
cer, was born May 8, 1842, in Boston,
Mass. He organized parties for the ob
servation of the transit of Venus in 1874,
and was selected to take charge of the
expedition to Kerguelen islands. At the
time of his death he was one of the most
scientific navigators of the service. He
died Nov. 24, 1877, at sea.
RYAN, JAMES, Roman catholic bishop,
was born in 1848 in Ireland. After his
ordination he was on the Kentucky mis
sion for seven years, principally at Sf.
Martin's, Meade county, and at Eliza-
bethtown, Hardin county. He moved to
the Peoria diocese in Illinois in 1878, and
was appointed pastor at Wataga. In
1888 he was nominated to the bishopric
of Alton.
812
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
RYAN, JOHN, college president, was
born June 24, 1810, in Ireland. He was
ordained a Roman catholic priest; and
in 1850 was elected president of St. Fran
cis Xavier college, resigning in 1856. He
died in 1861, in New York city.
RYAN, MRS. MARAH ELLIS (MAR
TIN), actress, author, was born in 1860
in Pennsylvania. She is an actress and
novelist living at Fayette Springs, Pa.,
and the author of A Pagan of the Alle-
ghanies; Merze; On Love's Domains;
Told in the Hills; and Squaw Eloise.
RYAN, PATRICK JOHN, archbishop,
was born Feb. 20, 1831, in Ireland. Dur
ing the war he acted as chaplain to the
Gratiot Street Military prison and hospi
tal, and after the war was appointed
rector of St. John's church. In 1872 he
was consecrated bishop of St. Louis, and
subsequently archbishop; and in 1884 was
transferred to Philadelphia as its arch
bishop. He is the author of What Cath
olics do Not Believe; and Some of the
Causes of Modern Religious Scepticism.
RYAN, STEPHEN VINCENT, bishop,
author, was born Jan. 1, 1825, in Ontario.
He was the Roman catholic bishop of
Buffalo from 1860, and the author of The
Claims of a Protestant Episcopal Bishop
to Apostolical Succession and Valid Or
ders Disproved.
RYAN, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 25, 1837, in Ox
ford, N. Y. In 1865 he moved to Kansas
and settled in Topeka; was county attor
ney for eight years; and was assistant
United States attorney from 1873 to 1877.
He was elected a representative from
Kansas to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, for-
ty-sevenui, forty-eighth, forty-ninth and
fiftieth congresses as a republican.
RYAN, THOMAS F., capitalist, was
born Oct. 17. 1851. in Blue Ridge, Va. In
1886 he joined Jiands with William C.
Whitney in securiirg
and consolidating
the various street
surface railroads in
New York, which
now comprise the
large system owned
by the Metropolitan
Traction company.
He is a director in
the Southern rail
way, the Hocking
Valley, the Flint and
Pere Marquette and
the Georgia Central railroads, the Metro
politan Traction company, the Consolidat
ed Traction company, the Bank of New
Amsterdam, and many other corpora
tions of like nature. The success of his
business career, culminating in a fortune
estimated at several millions, is obviously
due to indomitable will power, unrelent
ing perseverance and breadth of mental
vision.
RYAN, WILLIAM, farmer, merchant,
congressman, was born in 1840 in Ireland.
He was a member of the New York state
assembly in 1891 and 1892, and was elect
ed as a democrat to the fifty-third con
gress.
RYAN, WILLIAM REDMOND, author,
soldier, was born in England. He pub
lished Personal Adventures in California,
which was illustrated from his own draw
ings, and contains many interesting de
tails of early pioneer life in California.
RYDER. ALBERT PINKHAM, artist,
was born March 19, 1847, in New Bedford.
Among his works are Wandering Cow;
Curfew Hour; Pegasus; Farm-Yard; The
Waste of Waters Is Their Field; Little
Maid of Arcady; Temple of the Mind; and
Phantom Ship.
RYDER, EDGAR L., lawyer, legislator,
was born Feb. 13, 1860, in Sing Sing, N.
Y. He has become prominent as a law
yer, journalist, and writer on economic
subjects. He has served as a member of
the New York state assembly.
RYDER, JAMES, educator, clergyman,
college president, was born Oct. 8. 1800,
in Ireland. In 1839 he became pastor of
St. Mary's church, Philadelphia, and in
the following year he took charge of a
church in Frederick, Md., which he soon
left to assume the presidency of George
town college. From 1843 till 1845 he was
superior of the Jesuit order in the United
States. In 1846 he became president of
the college of the Holy Cross, which had
been established three years before at
Worcester, Mass. He died Jan. 12, 1860,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
RYDER. PLATT POWELL, artist, was
born June 11, 1821, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
Among his genre paintings are Life's
Evening; Spinning; An Interior; Fare
well; Spinning-Wheel; Reading the Cup;
Welcome Step (1883); Clean Shave;
Washing-Day; Bill of Fare; Fireside;
and Watching and Waiting. He was elect
ed an associate of the National academy
in 1868. and was also a founder of the
Brooklyn Academy of Design.
RYDER, WILLIAM HENRY, clergy
man, was born July 13. 1822, in Province-
town, Mass. He became pastor of the
universalist church in Roxbury, Mass.,
where he remained ten years. He resigned
this post to accept a call to St. Paul's
church of Chicago, in I860. He bequeathed
more than half a million dollars to char
itable, educational and religious institu
tions. He died March 8, 1888, in Chicago,
111.
RYERSON. MARTIN, merchant, law
yer, jurist, was born in New Jersey. He
was associate justice of the supreme court
of New Jersey, and in 1874 was appointed
one of the judges of the court organ
ized in Washington for the purpose of
adjudicating the Alabama claims. He died
in June, 1875, in Newton, N. J.
RYERSON, MARTIN, merchant, was
born Jan. 6, 1818. In 1839 Mr. Ryerson
engaged with a merchant and lumberman
of Muskegon, Mich.,
continuing with him
for two years. Be
ing impressed with
the timber wealth of
the country and its
prospective profit, he
bargained for his
employer's interest
in the saw mill and
engaged in the man
ufacture of lumber —
at first upon a small
scale. The rise of
western towns supplied him with an ex
cellent market, and he gradually increased
his facilities until the business eventually
grew to be one of the largest of the kind
in the west. He erected in Lincoln park,
Chicago, a bronze group of statuary in
memory of the Ottawa nation, for whom
in his early life he had acquired a pro
found admiration. He died Sept. 6. 1887,
in Boston, Mass.
RYLANCE, JOSEPH HIKE, clergyman,
author, was born June 16, 1826, in Eng
land. He is an episcopal clergyman of
New York city, and rector of St. Mark's
in the Bowery from 1871, and prominent
among broad churchmen. He is the au
thor of Preachers and Preaching; Essays
on Miracles; Social Questions: and Pulpit
Talks on Topics of the Time.
RYLAND, JOHN EDWIN, lawyer, jur
ist, was born July 8, 1830, in Fayette, Mo.
During 1862-65 he was circuit attorney
of the sixth judicial circuit of Missouri,
and subsequently he became judge of the
criminal court of the fifteenth judicial
district of Missouri.
RYLAND, ROBERT, clergyman, college
president, was born March 14, 1805. in
king and Queen county, Va. In 1832 he
took charge of the manual-labor school in
Richmond, and when that school was
chartered in 1844 as Richmond college hfe
was made its president, serving until
1866. For twenty-five years he acted as
pastor of the First African Baptist church
of Richmond, during which time he bap
tized into its fellowship nearly 4,000 per
sons. In 1868 he removed to Kentucky,
where he has been engaged in the work
of teaching and preaching.
RYLAND., WILLIAM SEMPLE, cler
gyman, college president, was born June
4, 1836, in Richmond, Va. This eminent
clergyman and educator has held chairs
in the Female institute of Mississippi;
and Lexington Female college of Ken
tucky, of which he became president. He
is professor of natural science in Bethel
college of Russellville, Ky., and has been
its president since 1889.
RYON, JAMES, lawyer, legislator, jur
ist, was born Nov. 13, 1831, in Elkland,
Pa. He was admitted to the bar in 1856,
and in 1861 was elected to the Pennsyl
vania state legislature. He was elected
president judge of Schuylkill county, and
displayed high judicial management in the
affairs of the bench.
RYON, JOHN W., lawyer, congressman,
was born March 4, 1825, in Tioga county.
Pa. He was district attorney of his na
tive county from 1850 to 1856; and was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the forty-sixth congress as a
democrat.
SABIN, ALVAH, clergyman, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Oct. 23,
1793, in Georgia, Vt. He served ten years
in the Vermont state legislature; was sec
retary of state for Vermont in 1841, and
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1853 to 1857.
SABIN, CHAUNCEY BREWER, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born Aug.
6, 1824, in Oneonta, N. V. In 1873 he was
elected a representative in the Texas
state legislature, and in 1874 was appoint
ed postmaster at Galveston, which office
he held until 1883. In 1884 he was ap
pointed United States district judge for
the eastern district of Texas.
SABIN, DAVID D., merchant, banker,
legislator, was born Dec. 31, 1830, in
Chenango, N. Y. He was a member of
the Iowa state legislature from the fifty-
ninth district. He is a successful mer
chant and banker of Belvidere, 111.
SABIN, DWIGHT MAY, soldier, manu
facturer, state legislator, United States
senator, was born April 25, 1844, in Mar
seilles, 111. He moved to Minnesota in
1868 and in 1870 was elected a state
senator, and was re-elected in 1871., He
served several terms as a representative
in the state legislature, became president
of several large manufacturing companies,
and was elected a United States senator
from Minnesota for six years from March
4, 1883.
SABIN. ELIJAH ROBINSON, evangel
ist, author, was born Sept.,10, 1776, in Tol-
land, Conn. He was a methodist evangel
ist of New England, and the author of
The Road to Happiness; and Charles Ob-
servator. He died May 4, 1818, in Au
gusta, Ga.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENC YCLOPF.DI A OF A.MKItlCAX BIOGRAPHY.
813
SABIN, GEORGE M., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Sept. 18, 1835, in Cuya-
hoga county, Ohio. He moved to Nevada
in 1868, and practiced law, and in 1882 was
appointed United States district judge for
the district of Nevada, residing at Carson
City.
SABIN, JOSEPH, publisher, bibliophile,
author, was born Dec. 9, 1821, in England.
He was an English publisher and bibli
ophile who came to America in 1848, and
finally settling in New York city, became
widely known as a bookseller and collect
or of rare books. He was the author of
The Thirty-Nine Articles of the Church of
England, with Scriptural Proofs; Biblio-
theca Americana; and Bibliography of
Bibliographies. He died June 5, 1881, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
SABINE, LORENZO, merchant, state
legislator, congressman, author, was born
Feb. 28, 1803, in New Lisbon, N. H. He
was for some time secretary of the Bos
ton board of trade; was three times elect
ed to the legislature of Maine from East-
port; and was at one time deputy collector
of the port of Passamaquoddy. He held,
in Massachusetts, the position of confi
dential agent of the treasury department,
and was a representative from Massachu
setts to the thirty-second congress. He
was the author of a Life of Commodore
Preble; The American Loyalists; Report
on the American Fisheries; and Notes on
Duels and Duelling. He died April 14,
1877, in Boston, Mass.
SACHS, BERNARD, physician, author,
was born in 1858 in Maryland. He is a
physician of New York city, well known
as a neurologist, and the author of Ner
vous and Mental Diseases of Childhood,
and many professional monographs.
SACHSE, JULIUS FRIEDRICH, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1842 in Penn
sylvania. He is a journalist of Philadel
phia; and the author of The German Pie
tists of Provincial Pennsylvania; and
The Genesis of the Lutheran Church in
Pennsylvania.
SACKETT, MYRON W., journalist,
was born Oct. 24, 1841, in Southington,
Ohio. He received his education in the
common schools and
at Mahoning acade
my of Canfield, Ohio.
His early life was
passed in mercantile
pursuits in Mead-
ville and Pittsburg,
Pa. In 1871 he be
came identified with
the Ancient Order of
United Workmen, a
mutual protection
organization; since
1878 he has devoted
his entire time to its interests, and since
1879 has been its supreme secretary. Its
members now number half a million; and
have paid out over eighty million dollars
to deceased members. For many years he
has also been the secretary-treasurer of
the National Fraternal congress, wherein
is represented forty-two fraternal benefit
orders. For a number of years past he
has also been editor-in-chief of the Key
stone Workman, and has contributed
to periodical literature various articles
on reform and kindred subjects.
SACKETT, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS,
lawyer, congressman, was born Nov. 18,
1812, in Aurelius, N. Y. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1849 to 1853. He practiced law in
Saratoga Springs.
SADLER, ORIN WINSLOW, doctor of
medicine, was born Jan. 2, 1843, in Brew-
erton, N. Y. He received a thorough ed
ucation, and attended the Michigan uni-
versity and the medical department of the
Northwestern university of Chicago. He
is a successful oculist and aurist of Pitts-
burg, Pa., and a member of the leading
medical bodies of America and Europe.
SADLER, THOMAS WILLIAM, soldier,
agriculturist, lawyer, congressman, was
born April 17, 1831, near Russellville, Ala.
He was county superintendent of educa
tion from 1875 to 1884; and was a presi
dential elector in 1880. In 1884 he was
elected a representative from Alabama to
the forty-ninth congress as a democrat.
SADLIER, ANNA TERESA, author,
was born Jan. 19, 1854, in Montreal, Can
ada. She is the author of Seven Years~and
Mair; The King's Page; Ethel Hamilton;
Names that Live, a volume of biogra
phies; Women of Catholicity; The Silent
Woman of Alood; and many translations
from the French, Italian and German.
SADLIER, MRS. MARY ANNE (MAD
DEN), author, was born Dec. 31, 1820, in
Ireland. She is a prominent writer of
Roman catholic Sunday-school tales, and
wife of .1. Sadlier, a New York publisher.
Among her many writings are, Alice Rior-
dan; Red Hand of Ulster; The Daughter
of Tyrconuell; and The Old House by the
Boyne.
SADTLER, BENJAMIN, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born Dec. 25,
1823. in Baltimore, Md. In 1875 he ac
cepted the presidency of Muhlenberg col
lege, Allentown, Pa. He has published
numerous baccalaureate discourses and
addresses, including A Rebellious Nation
Reproved; and The Causes and Remedies
of the Losses of Her Population by the
Lutheran Church in America.
SADTLER, SAMUEL PHILIP, chemist,
educator, author, was born July 18, 1847,
in Pine Grove, Pa. He is a chemist of
Philadelphia, and professor in the uni
versity of Pennsylvania from 1875. He
is the author of Chemical Experimenta
tion; Handbook of Industrial Organic
Chemistry; and A Text-Book of Chemis
try.
SAFFOLD, REUBEN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Sept. 4, 1788, in Wilkes
county, Ga. During the Indian troubles
he commanded a volunteer company, and
he subsequently served several terms in
the legislature of Mississippi territory.
He was made a circuit judge, and was one
of the three judges that were appointed
to the supreme bench in 1832, serving as
chief justice in 1835-36. He died Feb. 15,
1847, in Dallas county, Ala.
SAFFORD, A. P. K., governor. He was
governor of the territory of Arizona from
1870 to 1878.
SAFFORD, JAMES MERRILL, educa
tor, geologist, chemist, was born Aug. 13,
1822, in Putnam, now a part of Zanesville,
Ohio. In 1844 he
graduated at the
Ohio university, and
afterward attended
Yale university, from
which institution he
subsequently re
ceived the degree of
Ph. D. During 1848-
72 he was professor
of natural science in
Cumberland univer
sity; during 1873-96
was professor of
chemistry in the medical department
of the university of Nashville; in
the medical department of the Vander-
bilt university during 1873-94; and since
1875 he has also been professor of nat
ural history and geology in the Vanderbilt
university. In 1854-60 he was state geol
ogist at Tennessee, and since 1871 has
filled the same position. He is the au
thor of a series of reports on the Geology
of Tennessee, and various other works.
SAFFORD, TRUMAN HENRY, astrono
mer, educator, author, was born Jan. 6,
1836, in Royalton, Vt. He is an astrono
mer of note, famous in childhood as a
mathematician, and professor of astrono
my at Williams college from 1876. He is
the author of Mathematical Teaching and
Its Modern Methods.
SAFFORD, WILLIAM HARRISON, was
born Feb. 19, 1821, in Parkersburg, W. Va.
He is a lawyer of Chillicothe, Ohio, and
the author of Life of Blennerhasset; and
The Blennerhasset Papers.
SAGE, EBENEZER, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1809 to 1815, and again
from 1819 to 1820. He died in 1834.
SAGE, GARDNER AVERY, surveyor,
philanthropist, was born May 3, 1813, in
New York city. He built and endowed
the library of the Theological seminary
at New Brunswick, N. J., which bears his
name, and which he presented to the gen
eral synod. His gifts amounted to nearly
$250,000. He died Aug. 22, 1882, in Sul
phur Springs, Va.
SAGE, GEORGE R., lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 24, 1828, in Erie, Pa. He was
prosecuting attorney three terms in Leba
non, Ohio. He returned to Cincinnati in
1865, and practiced law in the firm of
Sage and Hinkle until appointed, in 1883,
United States district judge for the south
ern district of Ohio.
SAGE, HENRY W., financier, state leg
islator, was born Jan. 31, 1813, in Middle-
town, Conn. About 1854, he built a saw
mill at Lake Simcoe, in Canada, and
later became a lumber operator in West
Bay City, Mich., and one of the largest
owners of pine lands in that state. He
has given more than $1,250,000 to Cornell
university; and Sage college for women,
a chapel, a library and other buildings
there are monuments to his liberality. In
1847 he was, as a republican, elected to
the New York legislature, and in 1892
was a candidate for elector.
SAGE, RUSSELL, merchant, congress
man, was born Aug. 4, 1816, in Oneida
county, N. Y. In 1841 he was elected an
alderman of the city
of Troy, N. Y., and
by annual re-elec
tions, served seven
years in that capa
city. He was treas
urer of Rensselaer
county for seven
years, in which office
he was especially
popular. He was a
representative i n
congress from New
York from 1853 to
1857, and was the first man who advo
cated, on the floor of congress, the pur
chase of Mount Vernon by the general
government. For twelve years he was
president and vice-president of the Chi
cago, Milwaukee and St. Paul railroad;
and is director in many of the largest
railroads in America.
SAILLY, PETER, public official, con
gressman, was born in France. He was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1805 to 1807. He was appointed, by
President Jefferson, collector of customs
for the district of Champlain, holding the
office until his death. He died in 1826
in Pittsburg, Pa.
•814
HEKRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SAINT GAUDENS, AUGUSTUS, sculp
tor, was born March 1, 1848, in Ireland.
He has been president of the Society of
American Artists. His more important
wo.'ks are the bas-relief Adoration of the
Cross by Angels, in St. Thomas's church,
New York; statues of Admiral David G.
Farragut, in New York; of Robert R.
Randall, at Sailor's Snug Harbor, Staten
Island, N. Y., and of Abraham Lincoln, in
Chicago.
SAINT GAUDENS, LOUIS, sculptor,
was born Jan. 8, 1854, in New York. He
has modeled a Faun; St. John, for the
Church of the Incarnation, New York,
and other statues, and has assisted his
brother in most of his works.
SAJOUS, CHARLES EUCHARISTE,
physician, author, was born Dec. 13, 1852,
in Paris, France. He became clinical chief
in the throat department of Jefferson col
lege hospital of Philadelphia, and finally
lecturer in the college proper. In 1888 he
edited and brought to a successful issu*
one of the largest medical works of the
time, the Annals of the Universal Medical
Sciences.
SALES, FRANCIS, educator, author,
was born in 1771 in France. He was in
structor at Harvard in French and Span
ish from 1816 till 1839, and afterward in
Spanish alone till the year of his death.
He edited and enlarged Augustin E.
..fosse's Grammar of the Spanish Language;
and published critical and annotated edi
tions of the Spanish dramatists, Don
Quixote, and other Spanish classics, the
Fables of Fontaine, with notes, and trea
tises on the French and Spanish lan
guages. He died Feb. 16, 1854, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
SALISBURY, EDWARD ELBRIDGE,
philologist, educator, author, was born
April 6, 1814, in Boston, Mass. He is a
philologist of distinction, professor of
Arabic at Yale university in 1841-56;
and the author of General and Biographi
cal Monographs.
SALISBURY, JAMES HENRY, physi
cian, author, was born Oct. 13, 1823, in
Scott, N. Y. In 1864 he settled in Cleve
land, Ohio, where he assisted in establish
ing the Charity Hospital Medical college,
before which he lectured till 1866 on phy
siology and histology. He has been presi
dent of the institute of Micrology since
1878. Among his publications are a prize
essay on the Anatomy and History of
Plants; and one on the Chemical and Phy
siological Examinations of the Maize
Plant during the Various Stages of Its
Growth.
SALOMON, EDWARD, lawyer, govern
or, was born in 1828 in Prussia. He be
came a lawyer, was governor of Wiscon
sin in 1862-63, and then practiced in New
York city.
SALOMON, FREDERICK, soldier, sur
veyor, was born April 7, 1826, in Prussia.
He served through the civil war, receiv
ing the brevet of major-general in 1865.
He was subsequently for several years
surveyor-general of Utah territory.
SALSBURY, ELIAS I)., lawyer, was
born July 23, 1867, in the village of Locke,
Ind. He received his education at the uni
versity of Michigan, and graduated from
the law department of that institution.
He is a prominent lawyer of Goshen, Ind.,
and first distinguished himself as an able
lawyer in his defense of Hendryx in the
famous Hendryx-Calklns murder case.
SALT. ENOCH, musician, composer,
was born April 9, 1856, in Covington, Ky.
In 1876 he was the organist at the Centen
nial exhibition, and Is now an organist of
Portsmouth, Ohio. HP Is the composer of
several songs, church music, and several
sonatas for the piano.
SALTER, RICHARD, clergyman, phil
anthropist, author, was born in 1723 in
Boston, Mass. He gave to Yale college
in 1781 a farm, which was sold for $2,000,
for the purpose of promoting the study
of Hebrew and other oriental languages.
He published an Election Sermon; and
began a Commentary on the New Testa
ment. He died April 14, 1789, in Mans
field, Conn.
SALTER, Sl'MNER, musician, compos
er, was born June 24, 1856, in Burlington,
Iowa. He is a noted organist and direct
or, and the author of a number of songs
and church music.
SALTER, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 17, 1821, in Brooklyn,
N. Y. Since 1846 he has been pastor of
the congregational church of Burlington,
Iowa. He is the author of The Life of
.tames W. Grimes.
SALTER, WILLIAM D., naval officer,
was born in 1794 in New York city. He
entered the navy as midshipman in 1809,
became lieutenant in 1814, was made mas
ter-commandant in 1831, captain in 1839,"
and commodore on the retired list in
1862. He died Jan. 3, 1869, in Elizabeth,
N. J.
SALTONSTALL, DUDLEY, naval offi
cer, was born Sept. 8, 1738, in New Lon
don, Conn. He was a commodore in the
continental navy. He died in 1796, in the
West Indies.
SALTONSTALL, GURDON, clergyman,
governor, was born March 27, 1666, in
Haverhill, Mass. He was governor of
Connecticut from 1707 till his death, and
he bequeathed one thousand pounds to
the university of Haverhill to educate stu
dents for the ministry. He died Oct. 1,
1724.
SALTONSTALL, LEVERETT, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born June
13, 1783, in Haverhill, Mass. He was a
state senator in 1831, and was mayor of
Salem, Mass., from 1836 to 1838. He was
a presidential elector in 1837, and fre
quently served in the state legislature.
He was a representative in congress from
1838 to 1843. He died May 8, 1845, in
Salem, Mass.
SALTONSTALL, LKVERETT, lawyer,
genealogist, was born March 16, 1825, in
Salem, Mass. In 1885 he was appointed
collector of customs for the port of Bos
ton and Charlestown. He is an active
member of the Massachusetts Historical
society and of other learned bodies, and
compiled a genealogical history of his
family.
SALTUS, EDGAR EVERTSON, author,
was born in June, 1858, in New York
city. He is a novelist of New York city,
and the author of Balzac: a Study; The
Philosophy of Disenchantment; The Ana
tomy of Negation; Mr. Incoul's Misadven
ture; The Truth about Tristram Varick;
Eden; A Transaction in Hearts; When
Dreams Come True; and The Pace that
Kills.
SALTUS, FRANCIS SALTUS, poet,
was born in 1849 in New York. He was
a poet much of whose life was passed
abroad. He was the author of Honey and
Gall: Shadows and Ideals: The Witch of
Endor; Romance of the Opera; Kings of
Song; The Bayadere, and Other Sonnets.
He died June 25, 1889.
SALYER, JOHN PRESTON, lawyer,
state senator, was born Feb. 9, 1855, in
Floyd, Ky. In 1893 he was elected from
the thirty-fourth district of Kentucky as
a member of the state senate, for the
period of four years.
SALZMANN, JOSEPH, clergyman, col
lege president, was born Aug. 17, 1819, in
Austria. He succeeded Archbishop Henni
as president of the Theological seminary
of St. Francis. He was one of the found
ers of the Seebote, a German periodical
published at Milwaukee, to which he was
a frequent contributor. He died Jan. 17,
1874, in Milwaukee, Wis.
SAMFORD, WILLIAM J., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born Sept. 16, 1844,
in Greenville, Ga. He was a delegate to
the state constitutional convention of
1875; was a presidential elector in 1876;
and was elected a representative from
Alabama to the forty-sixth congress as a
democrat.
SAMMONS. THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1803 to 1807, and again
from 1809 to 1813.
SAMPLE, ROBERT FLEMING, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 19, 1829, in
Corning, N. Y. He is a member of vari
ous church boards, and a director of the
McCormick Theological seminary, Chi
cago. 111. Besides numerous pamphlets
and sermons, he has published several
books for the young on Christian experi
ence, and also a Memoir of Rev. John C.
Thorn.
SAMPLE, SAMUEL C., congressman,
was born in Maryland. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Indiana from
1843 to 1845.
SAMPSON, ARCHIBALD J., soldier,
lawyer, lecturer, was born in Ohio. In
1873 he moved to Colorado, and in 1876
was elected attorney-general of that state.
He subsequently settled in Phoenix, Ariz.,
and in 1896 was elected department com
mander of the Grand Army of the Repub
lic of Arizona. He has delivered lectures
upon Mexico; Music of the War; Music
and Musicians; Lincoln; and other sub
jects.
SAMPSON, EZEKIEL S., soldier, law
yer, jurist, state senator, congressman,
was born Dec. 6, 1831, in Huron county,
Ohio. He was prosecuting attorney in
1856-58, in Sigourney, Iowa. He was cap
tain in the fifth Iowa infantry in 1861 and
1862, and lieutenant-colonel in 1863 and
1864. He was a state senator in 1866;
and was judge of the sixth judicial dis
trict of Iowa from 1867 to 1875. He was
elected a representative from Iowa to the
forty-fourth congress, and was re-elected
to the forty-fifth congress as a republican.
SAMPSON, EZRA, clergyman, journal
ist, author, was born Feb. 12, 1749, in
Middleborough, Mass. He was a congre
gational clergyman at Plympton, Mass.,
in 1775-95, and subsequently a journalist
in Hartford. He was the author of Beau
ties of the Bible; The Historical Diction
ary; The Sham Patriot Unmasked; and*
The Brief Remarker on the Ways of Men.
He died Dec. 12, 1823, in New \ork city.
SAMPSON, JOHN PATTERSONl law
yer, clergyman, author, was born Aug. 13,
is:;7, in Wilmington, N. C. He is a cler
gyman of the African methodist church,
and prior to 1882 a lawyer in Washington.
He is the author of Common Sense Physi
ology; The Disappointed Bride; Temper
ament and Phrenology of Mixed Races;
Jolly People; and Illustrations in Theol
ogy.
SAMPSON, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born Jan. 17, 1764, in Ireland. He
was a famous lawyer of New York city
who came to America in 1798, having pre
viously been a barrister in Dublin. He
was the author of Sampson Against the
Philistines, or the Reform of Lawsuits;
and Memoir of William Sampson. He
died Dec. 27, 1836, in New York city.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
815
SAMPSON, WILLIAM THOMAS, naval
•officer, was born Feb. 8, 1840, in Palmyra,
N. Y. He came out of the naval acad
emy in 1860 and
went into service on
the frigate Potomac.
He was made master
in 1861, lieutenant in
1862, and served on
the practice ship
John Adams for one
year. After that hu
was a lieutenant on
the ironclad Patup-
sco with the South
Atlantic blockading
squadron. He es
caped luckily from that ship when she
was destroyed in Charleston harbor on
Jan. 15, 1865. After the war Captain
Sampson served on the flagship Colorado
and became lieutenant-commander in
1866. For three years, until 1871, he was
stationed at the naval academy. He was
then assigned to the Congress, served a
year on that ship at the European station
and got his commission as commander on
Aug. 9, 1874. He was placed in command
of the third-rater Alert, on which he
served until 1875. Since then -he has com
manded the Swatara, has served at the
academy, at the observatory, at the tor
pedo station and in other posts. In 1898
he was made rear-admiral for his services
during the Spanish-American war.
SAMPSON, ZABDIEL, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Plympton, Mass. He
was a representative in congress from
his native state from 1817 to 1819; and
in 1820 was appointed collector of cus
toms at Plymouth. He died July 19, 1828,
in Plymouth, Mass.
SAMSON, CALEB, clergyman, was born
March 19, 1858, in South Wales. He re
ceived a thorough education; and since
1884 has been distinguished as an emi
nent congregational clergyman; and now
fills a pastorate in Oak Hill, Ohio. He is
prominent among the Welshmen of this
country; and was a candidate for the con
sulship at Swansea, Wales.
SAMSON, DEBORAH, patriot, was born
Dec. 17, 1760, in Plympton, Mass. At the
outbreak of the revolution, she assumed
male attire and enlisted in the army
under the name of Robert Shirtleff.
Accustomed to out-door labor, she was
able to fulfill the duties of a soldier. She
was twice wounded. Washington, on be
ing apprised of her sex, called her to him,
and without speaking to her, handed her
a discharge. She afterward married Ben
jamin Gannett. She died April 29, 1827,
in Sharon, Mass.
SAMSON, GEORGE WHITEFIELD,
clergyman, author, was born Sept. 29,
1819, in Harvard, Mass. He was a bap
tist clergyman and educator of New York
city; and president of Rutgers Female
college from 1871. He was a voluminous
writer whose principal works comprise,
Elements of Art Criticism; Physical Me
dia in Spiritual Manifestations; The
Atonement; The Divine Law as to Wines;
Idols of Fashion and Culture; Tested
Truths as to Relations of Capital and
Labor; Outlines of the History of Ethics;
Spiritualism Tested, originally issued as
To Daimonion; Guide to Self-Education;
The Bible Revisers' Greek Text; and
Guide to Bible Interpretation. He died
in 1896.
SAMUEL, GREEN B., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in 1794 in Vir
ginia. He was elected from Virginia a
representative in congress from 1838 to
1841, and was, for eleven years, judge of
the supreme court of appeals. He died
Jan. 5, 1859, in Richmond. Va.
SAMUELS, ADELAIDE FRANCES,
was born Sept. 24, 1845, in Boston, Mass.
She is a writer for juveniles, and the au
thor of Dick and Daisy Series; Dick Tra-
vers Abroad Series; and Daisy Travers.
SAMUELS, EDWARD AUGUSTUS, nat
uralist, author, was born July 4, 1836, in
Boston, Mass. He is a Boston naturalist,
and the author of Ornithology and Oology
of New England; Among the Birds;
Mammalogy of New England; and The
Living World.
SAMUELS, SAMUEL, inventor, author,
was born March 14, 1825, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is a noted seaman and inventor
who organized the Steam Heating com
pany of New York city in 1881. He is the
author of From Forecastle to Cabin.
SAMUELS, MRS. SUSAN BLAGGE
(CALDWELL), author, was born Oct. 21,
1848, in Dedham, Mass. She is a popular
writer for juveniles, and the author of
The Golden Rule Series.
SANBORN, ALVAN FRANCIS, author,
was born Oct. 9, 1822, in Hampton Falls,
N. H. He is the author of Moody's Lodg
ing House, and Other Tenement Sketches;
and Meg Mclntyre's Raffle, and Other
Stories.
SANBORN, CHARLES HENRY, phy
sician, state legislator, author, was born
Oct. 9, 1822, in Hampton Falls, N. H. He
was active in the political revolt of the
independent democrats of New Hampshire
in 1845, which ended in detaching the
state from its pro-slavery position. In
1854-55 he was a member of the legislat
ure. He published The North and the
South.
SANBORN, EDWIN DAVID, educator,
author, was born May 14, 1808, in Gil-
manton, N. H. He was an educator who
was professor of literature at Dartmouth
college in 1863-85, and the author of a
History of New Hampshire. He died Dec.
29, 1885, in Hanover, N. H.
SANBORN, FRANKLIN BENJAMIN,
journalist, author, was born Dec. 15, 1831,
in Hampton Falls, N. H. He is a noted
journalist and reformer living at Concord,
Mass., and connected with The Springfield
Republican from 1868. He is the author
of Life of Thoreau; Life and Letters of
John Brown; and Life of Dr. S. E. Howe.
SANBORN, HELEN JOSEPHINE, au
thor, was born in 1857 in Maine. She is
the author of A Winter in Central Amer
ica, a volume of travels.
SANBORN, KATHERINE ABBOTT,
educator, author, poet, was born in 1839
in Hanover, N. H. She is a popular and
versatile writer of ephemeral books, who
was professor of English literature at
Smith college prior to 1886. She is the
author of Home Pictures of English
Poets; Vanity and Insanity of Genius;
Adopting an Abandoned Farm; Abandon
ing an Adopted Farm; A Truthful Wo
man in Southern California; My Liter
ary Zoo; and a number of compilations.
SANBORN, MRS. MARY [FARLEY],
author, was born in 18 — . She is a novel
ist of Boston; and the author of Sweet
and Twenty; It came to Pass; and Paula
Ferris.
SANBORN, WALTER HENRY, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 19, 1845, in Epsom,
N. H. In 1891 he was elected from St.
Paul, Minn., judge of the United States
circuit court for the eighth circuit.
SANDEMAN. ROBERT, founder of a
sect, author, was born in 1718 in Perth,
Scotland. He was the founder of the
Sandemanian sect, who came to America
in 1764 and gathered a church at Danbury,
Conn., where he died. He was the author
of Letters on Theron and Aspasio; and
Thoughts on Christianity. He died April
2, 1771, in Danbury, Conn.
SANDERS, BILLINGTON, McCARTER,
college president, was born Dec. 2, 1789,
in Columbia county, Ga. In 1833 he was
elected the first president of Mercer uni
versity, serving until 1839. He died May
12, 1852, in Penfield, Ga.
SANDERS, BLEUFORD B., soldier,
merchant, educator, clergyman, was born
Sept. 19, 1840, near Carrollton, Ala. In
1861 he enlisted as a
confederate soldier,
and served four
years; when he be
gan educational work
and taught for eight
years. He then en-
t e r e d mercantile
business until 1886,
when he became a
minister of the gos
pel, and is now pas
tor of the First
Christian church of
Austin, Tex., which has one of the larg
est congregations of that church in the
state. For eight years he was an evan
gelist and served under the auspices of
the Texas State Missionary board of the
Christian church.
SANDERS, DANIEL CLARKE, clergy
man, educator, author, was born May 3,
1768, in Sturbridge, Mass. He was a con
gregational clergyman and educator, pres
ident of the university of Vermont in
1800-14, and subsequently pastor at Med-
field, Mass. He was the author of A His
tory of the Indian Wars with the First
Settlers of the United States, which he
published in 1812. He died Oct. 18, 1850,
in Medfield, Mass.
SANDERS, DANIEL JACKSON, college
president, was born Feb. 15, 1847, near
Winnsboro, S. C. In 1891 he was elected
president of Biddle university, Charlotte,
N. C.
SANDERS, MRS. ELIZABETH [EL-
KINS], author, was born in 1762 in Salem,
Mass. She'was a writer of Salem, Mass.,
and the author of Conversations, princi
pally on the Aborigines of North Amer
ica; First Settlers of New England; and
Reviews. She died Aug. 10, 1851, in Sa
lem, Mass.
SANDERS, JAMES T., lawyer, was born
Oct. 6, 1868, in Hawkinsville, Ga. He re
ceived a thorough education and attended
the Mercer university of Macon, Ga. He
has attained prominence as an able law
yer of Florida at Miami; has been prose
cuting attorney for Brevard and Dade
counties; attorney for the board of coun
ty commissioners for four years; attor
ney for several large corporations; and
makes a specialty of real estate and cor
poration law.
SANDERS, JOHN, civil engineer, au
thor, was born in 1810 in Lexington, Ky.
He was employed in the improvements on
Delaware bay and river, and in construct
ing Fort Delaware. He published Me
moirs on the Resources of the Valley of
the Ohio. He died July 29, 1858, in Fort
Delaware, Del.
SANDERS, WILBUR F., soldier, law
yer, state legislator, United States sena
tor, was born May 2, 1834, in Leon, N. Y.
He was the republican candidate for dele
gate to congress in 1864, 1867, 1880 and
1886; was delegate to the republican na
tional conventions of 1868, 1872, 1876 and
1884; and was a member of the legislative
assembly of Montana from 1872 till 1880
inclusive. He was elected to the United
States senate as a republican, and took his
seat April 16, 1890.
S16
HKKHINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF' AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SANDERS, WILLIAM PRICE, soldier,
was born Aug. 12, 1833, in Lexington, Ky.
He engaged in the battles of Yorktown,
Williamsburg, Mechanicsville and Han
over Court-House during the Virginia
peninsular campaign; and became briga
dier-general of volunteers in 1863. He
died Nov. 18, 1863, in Knoxville, Tenn.
SANDERSON, AUSTIN A., lawyer, jur
ist, was born Jan. 4, 1848, in New York
city. During 1891-97 he was judge of the
superior court of San Francisco. He was
one of the ablest of San Francisco's many
judges, and is now regarded as among her
foremost lawyers.
SANDERSON, FREDERICK H., clergy
man, lecturer, was born Sept. 3, 1855, in
Toronto. Canada. He received his educa
tion in the Collegiate institute and theo
logical department of the Victoria univer
sity of Coburg, Ontario, Canada. In 1882
he moved to Iowa, and immediately came
into prominence through his abilities as a
clergyman and popular lecturer. He was
chaplain of the sixth regiment Iowa na
tional guards; president of the Iowa state
Epworth league; and was chosen as one
of the eminent preachers at the Iowa
state fair. In 1894 he moved to Omaha,
Neb., where he is pastor of the Trinity
Methodist Episcopal church.
SANDERSON, JOHN, educator, author,
was born in 1783 in Carlisle, Pa. He was
an educator of Philadelphia, classical pro
fessor in the high school in 1836-44, and
of some note in his day as a humorist.
He was the author of The American in
Paris; The American in England; and the
first two volumes of the Biography of the
Signers of the Declaration of Independ
ence. He died April 5, 1844, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
SANDERSON, JOHN PHILIP, soldier,
author, was born Feb. 13, 1818, in Leban
on county, Pa. He was an officer in the
federal army; and the author of Views
and Opinions of American Statesmen on
Foreign Immigration; and Republican
Landmarks. He died Oct. 14, 1864, in St.
Louis, Mo.
SANDERSON, JOSEPH, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 23, 1823, in Ireland.
He is a presbyterian clergyman in New
York and other localities; and the author
of Jesus on the Holy Mount; Memorial
Tributes; and The Bow in the Cloud.
SANDFORD, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born Sept. 22, 1809, in
Ovid, N. Y. He began practice in New
York city, and in 1842 was appointed
judge of the criminal court of that city.
He was a member of the New York senate
in 1843. He died Sept. 27, 1854, at sea.
SANDFORD, JOHN, state senator, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from 1841 to 1843; and was a
member of the New York senate in the
extra session of 1851. He died in October,
1857, in Amsterdam, N. Y.
SANDFORD, JONAH, state legislator,
congressman. He was a member of the
New York assembly in 1827 and 1830, from
the county of St. Lawrence; and was a
representative in congress from 1830 to
1831.
SANDFORD, LEWIS HALSEY, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born June 8, 1807, in
Ovid, N. Y. He removed to New York
city in 1833, and in 1843 was chosen as
sistant vice-chancellor of the first circuit.
He became vice-chancellor in 1846, and
from 1847 till his death was associate jus
tice of the superior court of New York.
He published Catalogue of the New York
Law Institute; New York Chancery Re
ports; and New York Superior Court Re
ports. He died July 27, 1852, in Toledo,
Ohio.
SANDFORD, THOMAS, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1762 in West
moreland county, Va. He was a member
of the state constitutional convention of
1799; was several times a member of the
Kentucky legislature; and was a repre
sentative in congress from 1803 to 1807.
He was drowned Dec. 10, 1808, in the Ohio
river.
. JOHN M., planter, state
legislator, congressman, was born Jan. 7,
1817, in Franklin county, Ga. He served
as a member of the legislature of Louisi
ana from 1846 to 1855; and was speaker of
the house in the Louisiana legislature in
1854 and 1855. He was elected a repre
sentative from Louisiana to the thirty-
fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
SANDIFORD, RALPH, author, was
born in 1693 in England. He published
A Brief Examination of the Practice of
the Times, by the Foregoing and Present
Dispensation. He died May 28, 1733, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
SANDS, ALEXANDER HAMILTON,
lawyer, author, was born May 2, 1828, in
Williamsburg, Va. He was a lawyer of
Richmond, Va., wuo entered the baptist
ministry not long before his death. He
was the author of History of a Suit in
Equity; Recreations of a Southern Barris
ter; Practical Law Forms; and Sermons
by a Village Pastor. He died Dec. 22,
1887, in Richmond, Va.
SANDS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, na
val officer, was born Feb. 11, 1811, in Bal
timore, Md. He entered the navy in 1828;
served with distinction in the Mexican
and civil wars; was commissioned rear-
admiral in 1871; and placed on the retired
list three years later. He died June 30,
1883, in Washington, D. C.
SANDS, JOHN D., clergyman, was born
Feb. 8, 1815, in England. He is an emi
nent congregational clergyman; and dur
ing the war was chaplain in the nine
teenth regiment Iowa volunteer infantry.
He has filled pastorates in Essex, Vt.;
several churches in Iowa; and now fills
the pastorate in the Congregational
church of Belmond, Iowa.
SANDS, JOSHUA, soldier, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1758
in Queens county, N. Y. During the war
of 1775 he was a member of the Brooklyn
home guards; in 1797 was appointed col
lector of customs for the port of New
York; and was at one time a magistrate
in Kings county. He also took an active
part in the revolutionary war to its close.
He was a member of the New York sen
ate from Kings county from 1792 to 1799;
and was a representative in congress from
1803 to 1804, and again from 1825 to 1827.
He died Sept. 13, 1835, in Queens county,
N. Y.
SANDS, JOSHUA RATOON, naval offi
cer, was born May 15, 1795, in Brooklyn,
N. Y. In 1812 he became a midshipman;
lieutenant in 1818; commander in 1840;
captain in 1854; and commodore on the
retired list in 1862.
SANDS, ROBERT CHARLES, journal
ist, author, poet, was born May 11, 1799,
in Flatbush, L. I. He was a journalist
and verse-writer of New York city who
wrote a Life of Paul Jones; The Talis
man; and co-author with Eastburn of the
once noted poem Yamoyden. He died in
December, 1832, in Hoboken, N. J.
SANKORD, DAVID, clergyman, was
born Dec. 11, 1737, in Milford, Conn. He
was ordained pastor of the Congregation
al church at Medway, Mass., where he
passed the remainder of his life, with the
exception of a brief period, during which
he served as a chaplain in the revolu
tionary army. He early resisted the op
pression of Great Britain, and relin
quished his salary for a time. He died
April 7, 1810, in Medford, Mass.
SANFORD, EDWARD, journalist, state
senator, poet, was born July 8, 1805, in
Albany, N. Y. In 1838 he was made as
sistant naval officer at the port of New
York, and also held the office of secretary
to the commission to restore the duties on
goods that had been destroyed by the
great fire of 1835. In 1843 he was elected
to the state senate. Among his best-
known compositions, only a few of which
appeared over his own name, are a poeti
cal address to Black Hawk; and The
Loves of the Shell-Fishes. He died Aug.
28, 1876, in Gowanda, N. Y.
SANFORD, EZEKIEL, author, was
born in 1796 in Ridgefield, Conn. He was
the author of A History of the United
States Before the Revolution; and a novel
entitled The Humors on Utopia. He died
in 1822 in Columbia, S. C.
SANFORD, HENRY C., lawyer, legisla
tor, was born Sept. 11, 1833, in Maine.
This prominent lawyer of Akron, Ohio,
has been prosecuting attorney of his city
and county; and for two terms has served
as a member of the Ohio state legislature.
SANFORD', JAMES T., agriculturist,
congressman, was born in Virginia. He
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1823 to 1825. Having ac
quired a large property in the pursuits of
agriculture, he appropriated a part of his
wealth to the establishment of Jackson
college. He died about 1880.
SANFOHD, JONAH, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
1789 in Cornwall, Vt. In 1829 and 1830 he
represented his county in the New York
state legislature; and was a representa
tive in congress to fill a vacancy in 1830-
31. He was one of the associate judges
of the court of common pleas. He died
Dec. 25, 1867, in Hopkinton.
SANFORD, LAURA G., historian. She
is the author of a History of Erie County,
Pennsylvania, which is considered one of
the most meritorious local histories of
that state.
SANFORD, NATHAN, lawyer, jurist,
United States senator, was born Nov. 5,
1771, in Bridgehampton, L. I. He was
United States commissioner of bankrupt
cy for New York in 1802; was United
States district attorney for New York
from 1803 to 1816; and was speaker of the
assembly in 1811. He was afterward
state senator; and was a United States
senator from 1815 to 1821, and again from
1825 to 1831. He was chancellor of New
iork from 1823 to 1825. He died Oct. 17,
1838, in Flushing, N. Y.
SANFORD, STEPHEN, manufacturer,
congressman, was born May 26, 1826, in
Amsterdam, N. Y. The Amsterdam Res
ervoir company, by which a thousand
acres have been flooded with the waters
of the Chuctanunda creek, supplying an
immense water power for his own and
other manufactories, originated with him,
and has been managed by him as presi
dent. He also founded and became presi
dent of the Amsterdam city national bank.
He was a representative from New York
to the forty-first congress.
SANFORD, THADDEUS, journalist,
banker, was born in 1791 in Connecticut.
In 1828 he became the editor and proprie
tor of the Mobile Register. He contin
ued to conduct that journal, with the ex
ception of the period between 1837 and
1841, for twenty-six years. In 1833 he was
elected president of the bank of Mobile,
and in 1853 he was appointed collector of.
the port, holding the office throughout
Buchanan's administration. He died April
30, 1867, in Mobile, Ala.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
817
SANGER, GEORGE PARTRIDGE, law
yer, journalist, was born Nov. 27, 1819, in
Dover, Mass. He was for many years the
editor of The American Almanac, and also
edited the Boston Law Reporter. He ed
ited, with George Minot, the United States
Statutes at Large, Treaties, Proclama
tions, etc.; and in 1862-63, with John G.
Locke, revised and consolidated the city
ordinances of Boston, Mass., and collated
the state municipal laws. He died July
3, 1890, in Swampscott, Mass.
SANGER, JANE, business woman, poet,
was born in 1829 in Nelson, N. Y. She is
the owner of a photograph gallery, and
part-owner of a book bindery at Fort
Scott, Kan. She is the author of a large
number of poems; has contributed exten
sively to current literature: and her po
litical poems have attracted much atten
tion.
SANGSTER, MRS. MARGARET ELIZ
ABETH [MUNSON], journalist, author,
poet, was born Feb. 22, 1838, in New Ro-
chelle, N. Y. She is a journalist of New
York city, editor of Harper's Bazar from
1889, and a popular verse-writer whose
domestic poems display sentiment of a
very genuine kind. Her writings in verse
comprise, On the Road Home; Easter
Bells; Poems of the Household; Home
Fairies and Heart Flowers. She has also
written a Manual of Missions of the Re
formed Church, and several books for
girls, including Hours with Girls; Home
and Heaven; Splendid Times; Five Hap
py Weeks; May Stanhope and her Friend;
Miss Dewbury's School; Little Knights
and Ladies; and Maidie's Problem.
SANKEY, IRA DAVID, evangelist, vo
calist, author, was born Aug. 28, 1840, in
Edinburgh, Pa. He was a musical evan
gelist, and co-laborer of Dwight L. Moody.
He is the author of several popular
hymns, and is one of the compilers of the
revival hymn book entitled Gospel Songs.
SANTAYANA, GEORGE, educator, au
thor, poet, was born in 1863 in Spain. He
is an instructor in philosophy at Harvard
university; and the author of Sonnets and
Other Poems; and The Sense of Beauty:
being the Outlines of ^Esthetic Theory.
SAPP, OSCAR L., lawyer, college presi
dent, was born May 5, 1869, in Kerners-
ville, N. C. He has been mayor of his na
tive town and during 1891-92 was presi
dent of the Enfield Collegiate institute.
SAPP, WILLIAM FLETCHER, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Nov. 20, 1824, in Danville, Ohio. In
1860 he removed to Nebraska; and in 1861
was appointed adjutant-general of Ne
braska territory, and subsequently elect
ed to the territorial legislature. He
served in the union army as lieutenant-
colonel. He moved to Iowa; and was a
state representative in 1865. He was
United States district attorney from 1869
to 1873. He was elected a representative
from Iowa to the forty-fifth congress;
was re-elected to the forty-sixth con
gress as a republican.
SAPP, WILLIAM R., congressman, was
born in Ohio. He was a representative in
congress from that state from 1853 to
1857.
SARGEANT, NATHANIEL PEASLEE,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, congress
man, was born Nov. 2, 1731, in Methuen,
Mass. He was elected a delegate to the
provincial congress in 1775; and was a
representative in the Massachusetts legis
lature in 1776. He was judge of the su
preme court of the state; and became
chief justice in 1789. He died Oct. 12,
1791, in Haverhill, Mass.
52
SARGENT, AARON AUGUSTUS, law
yer, congressman, United States senator,
was born Sept. 28, 1827, in Newburyport,
Mass. In 1861 he
was elected a repre-
^^^^^k sentative from Cali
fornia to the thirty-
^^ \ seventh congress,
serving as a member
f" of the select com-
k. mittee on the Pacific
railroad, to which
enterprise he was
particularly devoted,
and was re-elected to
the forty-first and
forty-second c o n -
gresses. He was elected a senator in con
gress for the term commencing in 1873
and ending in 1879, serving on the com
mittees on naval affairs, mines and min
ing, and appropriations; and in 1882 was
appointed United States minister to Ger
many. He died Aug. 14, 1887, in San
Francisco, Cal.
SARGENT, CHARLES S P R A G U E,
journalist, botanist, educator, author, was
born April 24, 1841, in Boston, Mass. He
is a botanist of eminence, Arnold profes
sor of arboriculture at Harvard university
from 1879, and editor of Garden and For
est from 1888. He is the author of The
Silva of North America; Report on tfie
Forests of North America; The Woods of
the United States; and Notes on the For
est Flora of Japan.
SARGENT, DUDLEY ALLEN, medical
examiner, lecturer, inventor, author, was
born Sept. 28, 1849, in Belfast, Maine. He
received the degrees of A. B., A. M. and
S. D. from Bowdoiu college; and the de
gree of M. D. from Yale college. He is
the director of the Hemenway gymnasium
of the Harvard university at Cambridge,
Mass. He has been president of the
American association for the Advancement
of Physical Education; has invented vari
ous gymnastic appliances; has lectured
extensively on physical training; and is
the author of a number of works on these
topics.
SARGENT, EPES, journalist, author,
poet, was born Sept. 27, 1813, in Glouces
ter, Mass. He was a once prominent Bos
ton journalist and
poet, who perhaps
will be longest re
membered by the fa
miliar poem, Life on
the Ocean Wave.
His verse includes,
Songs of the Sea;
Poems; and The Wo
man who Dared. In
fiction he published,
Wealth and Worth;
What's to be Done?;
Fleetwood; and Pe
culiar, a tale of the Great Rebellion. He
wrote tne dramas, Bride of Genoa; Ve-
lasco; Change Makes Change; and The
Priestess. His miscellaneous writings
comprise, Life of Henry Clay; American
Adventures by Land and Sea; Arctic Ad
ventures by Sea and Land; Original Dia
logues; Planchette, the Despair of Sci
ence; and Memoir of Franklin. He edited
a popular series of school and critical edi
tions of many English poets, aad Harper's
Cyclopedia of Poetry. He died Dec. 31,
1880, in Boston, Mass.
SARGENT, FITZWILLIAM, physician,
surgeon, author, was born May 17, 1820,
in Gloucester, Mass. He is a Philadel
phia surgeon who went to live in Switzer
land in 1854; and is the author of Ban
daging and Other Operations of Minor
Surgery.
SARGENT, GEORGE HENRY, manu
facturer, was born Oct. 29, 1828, in Wor
cester, Mass. In 1853 he joined his bro
ther, Joseph Brad
ford Sargent in the
manufacture of
hardware. His prin
cipal factories were
established in 1863,
and being enlarged
from time to time
now represent an in
vestment of millions
of dollars and stand
as a monumental in
stance of the prog
ress and growth of-
American manufactures during the past
forty years.
SARGENT, HENRY, artist, was born
Nov. 25, 1770, in Gloucester, Mass. He is
widely known through his engraving,
The Landing of the Pilgrims. He died
Feb. 21, 1845, in Boston, Mass.
SARGENT, HENRY WINTHROP, hor
ticulturist, author, was born Nov. 26, 1810,
in Boston, Mass. He was a noted horti
culturist of Fishkill, N. Y.; and the au
thor of Skeleton Routes through England,
etc.; and Treatise on Landscape Garden
ing. He died Nov. 10, 1882, in Hudson,
N. Y.
SARGENT, HORACE BINNEY, soldier,
was born June 30, 1821, in Quincy, Mass.
During the civil war he served with dis
tinction, and was brevetted brigadier-gen
eral.
SARGENT, JAMES, inventor, was born
Dec. 1, 1824, in Chester, Vt. He invented
a lock that was proof against professional
skill, for which, in 1865, he received a pat
ent. He then established himself in
Rochester, N. Y., where he began its
manufacture. In 1873 he invented the
timelocks that bear his name, which were
the first ever successfully used in this
country.
SARGENT, JOHN OSBORNE, lawyer,
journalist, author, was born Sept. 20, 1811,
in Gloucester, Mass. He was a lawyer
and journalist of New York city. He
translated Griin's Last Knight; and pub
lished, also, Papers for the Times by a
Berkshire Farmer; a'nd Horatian Echoes;
Translation of the Odes of Horace. He
died in 1891.
SARGENT, JOHN SINGER, artist, was
born in 1856 in Italy. Among his figure-
pieces are Fishing for Oysters at Cancale;
and Neapolitan Children Bathing. He is
especially noted for his excellent por
traits.
SARGENT, LUCIUS MANLIUS, author,
was born June 25, 1786, in Boston, Mass.
He was a once prominent temperance ad
vocate of Boston; and the author of Tem
perance Tales, a very popular work; Deal
ings with the Dead; The Irrepressible
Conflict; Hubert and Ellen; and Other
Poems; and Translations from the Minor
Latin Poets. He died June 2, 1867, in
West Roxbury, Mass.
SARGENT, NATHAN, lawyer, journal
ist, jurist, author, was born May 5, 1794, in
Pultney, Vt. In 1830 he went to Philadel
phia and established a whig newspaper.
He subsequently became the Washington
correspondent of the United States Ga
zette of Philadelphia. He was register of
the treasury from 1851 to 1853; and in 1861
was appointed commissioner of customs,
and held the position until 1871. At the
time of his death he was president of the
Washington reform school, and his last
literary labor was the preparation of a
work entitled Public Men and Events.
He also wrote Life of Henry Clay. He
died Feb. 2, 1875, in Washington, D. C
818
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SARGENT, WINTHROP, soldier, gov
ernor, poet, was born May 1, 1753, in
Gloucester, Mass. He attained the rank
of major, serving during the entire war.
He became connected with the Ohio com
pany, and in 1786 was appointed surveyor
of the northwest territory; and became its
secretary in 1787. He was governor of
the territory of Mississippi from 1798 to
1801; and was adjutant-general of St.
Clair's army in the unfortunate expedi
tion against the Indians, in 1791, and was
wounded. He was adjutant-general and
inspector in Wayne's campaign in 1794
and 1795. He was the author of Boston,
a Poem; and Papers Relating to Certain
American Antiquities. He died June 3,
1820.
SARGENT, WINTHROP, lawyer, au
thor, was born Sept. 23, 1825, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a lawyer of New York
city; and the author of Life of Major
Andi-6, a work displaying much research.
He also edited the History of Braddock's
Expedition, from Original Papers. He
died May 18, 1870, in Paris, France.
SARTAIN, EMILY, artist, was born
March 17, 1841, in Philadelphia, Pa. She
is the principal of the Philadelphia school
of Design for women. She gained a
medal in 1876 at the Centennial exhibition
for her painting entitled Reproof.
SARTAIN, JOHN, engraver, was born
Oct. 24, 1808, in London, England. In
1830 he brought the art of mezzo tinting
to the United States. He established Sar-
tain's Magazine in New York city; and
attained national reputation as a success
ful engraver. His most noted plates are
Christ Rejected; The Ironworker; King
Solomon; Civil War in Missouri; Home
stead of Henry Clay; and The Battle of
Gettysburg. For sixty-seven years he
lived in Philadelphia; was director of the
Academy of Fine Arts for twenty-three
years; was chief of the bureau of art at
the Centennial exposition; and he has re
ceived thirty decorations and medals.
His children inherit their father's genius:
Samuel is an engraver of portraits; Wil
liam is a New York painter and president
of the Art club of that city, and His
daughter Emily is an artist and art critic
of note, and was a member of the inter
national jury of awards of the World's
Columbian exposition at Chicago. He
died in 1898 in Philadelphia, Pa.
SARTAIN, SAMUEL, engraver, was
born Oct. 8, 1830, in Philadelphia. His
prints include Clear the Track; Christ
blessing Little Children; One of the
Chosen; Christ stilling the Tempest;
The Song of the Angels; Evangeline; and
various portraits after Thomas Stilly,
John Neagle, and others.
SARTAIN, WILLIAM, artist, educator,
was born Nov. 21, 1843, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He has been professor in various art
institutes and received a silver medal
from Boston and from the Pennsylvania
academy of fine arts. His pictures have a
place in several of the public art galleries.
SARTWELL, HENRY PARKER, phy
sician, botanist, author, was born April 1,
1792, in Pittsfield, Mass. He was a botan
ist and physician of Penn Yan, N. Y., who
from 1840 devoted his attention to the
genus Carex. His herbarium of more
than eight thousand specimens is in Ham
ilton college. He is the author of Carices
Americanse Exstccata?. He died Nov. 15,
1867, in Penn Yan, N. Y.
SASNETT, WILLIAM JACOB, clergy
man, educator, was born April 29, 1820, in
Hancock, Ga. He was professor of Eng
lish in Emory college, Georgia, in 1849-
57; president of Lagrange female college
in 1858, and the next year became princi
pal of East Alabama college in Auburn.
He died Nov. 3, 1865, in Montgomery, Ala.
SATTERFIELD, DAVID JUNKIN, cler
gyman, educator, college president, was
born Oct. 16, 1844, in Pulaski, Pa. He re
ceived his education in the Princeton col
lege of New Jersey and the Western The
ological seminary of Allegheny, Pa. Dur
ing 1873-85 he was pastor of the pres-
byterian church of Beaver, Pa.; and since
1886 has been president of the Scotia
seminary of Concord, N. C.
SATTERLEE, FRANCIS LE ROY, phy
sician, author, was born June 15, 1847, in
New York city. Since 1869 he has been
professor of chemistry, materia medica
and therapeutics in the New York college
of Dentistry, and is the author of The
Treatment of Erysipelas; and a Treatise
on Gout and Rheumatism.
SATTERLEE, HENRY YATES, bishop,
author, was born Jan. 11, 1843, in New
York city. He is the first protestant epis
copal bishop of Washington, and prior to
1896 a prominent clergyman of New York
city. He is the author of A Creedless Gos
pel and the Gospel Creed.
SATTERLEE, RICHARD SHERWOOD,
soldier, surgeon, was born Dec. 6, 1798, in
Fairfield, N. Y. He became United States
medical purveyor in 1853, held that office
till the close of the civil war, and in 1864
was brevetted lieutenant-colonel, colonel,
and brigadier-general. He became lieu
tenant-colonel and chief medical purveyor
in 1866, and was retired in 1869. He died
Nov. 10, 1880, in New York city.
SATTERLEE, WALTER, artist, was
born Jan. 18, 1844, in Brooklyn, N. Y. In
1886 he gained the Clarke prize at the
academy. Among his works are the oil
paintings, Contemplation, in Smith col
lege, Northampton, Mass.; Extremes Meet,
and The Convent Composer; Autumn;
Good-bye Summer: and Fortune by Tea
Leaves. His pencil has been frequently
employed in book illustration, and he is
well known as a teacher.
SATTERTHWAIT, JOSHUA W., busi
ness man legislator, was born March 29,
1835, in Senecaville, Ohio. He is a success
ful druggist of Mt. Pleasant, Iowa; was
trustee of the Iowa State Normal school
for twelve years; and served with distinc
tion as a member of the thirteenth general
assembly of the Iowa state legislature.
SATTERTHWAITE, THOMAS E., phy
sician, surgeon, author, was born March
26, 1843, in New York city. He filled the
chair of surgery in the College of Physi
cians and Surgeons, New York city. He
is the author of A Manual of Histology;
Practical Bacteriology; and numerous
medical papers.
SAUERHERING, EDWARD, pharma
cist, congressman, was born June 24, 1864,
in Mayville, Wis. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican from Mayville,
Wis.
SAUL, GEORGE W., railroad president,
was born Oct. 16, 1858, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
From 1889 to 1892 he was president of the
Chicago and Eastern Illinois railroad;
and he was also president of various other
railroad corporations at Cleveland, Ohio.
SAULSBURY, ELI, lawyer, state legis
lator, United States senator, was born
Dec. 29, 1817, in Kent county, Del. He was
a member of the state legislature of Dela
ware in 1853 and 1854; and was elected
a senator in congress in 1871 for the term
ending in 1877: and was re-elected in 1877
and again in 1883.
SAULSBURY, GOVE, governor, was
born in Delaware. He was elected gov
ernor of Delaware in 1865 until 1871.
SAULSBURY, WILLARD, lawyer,
United States senator, was born June 2,
1820, in Kent county, Del. In 1850 he was
appointed attorney-general of Delaware,
holding the oflice five years. In 1859 he
was elected a senator in congress for the
term ending in 1865; and was re-elected
to the senate for the term ending in 1871.
SAUNDERS, ALVIN, merchant, bank
er, governor, United States senator, was
born July 12, 1817, in Fleming county,
Ky. He was postmaster at Mount Pleas
ant, Iowa, for seven years. He was a
state senator for eight years; and was
one of the commissioners appointed by
congress to organize the Pacific Railroad
company. He was governor of the ter
ritory of Nebraska from 1861 until it was
admitted as a state in 1867; and was
elected a United States senator from Ne
braska for the term of six years from
March 4, 1877.
SAUNDERS, EPHRAIM DOD, clergy
man, philanthropist, was born Sept. 30,
1808, in Brookside, N. J. In 1871 he gave
the buildings and grounds, which were
valued at $100,000, to found, as a memorial
of his son, Courtland, the Presbyterian
hospital, toward whose endowment he
raised $100,000 more by his personal ef
forts. He died Sept. 13, 1872, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
SAUNDERS, JAMES NEWTON, lawyer,
state legislator, was born April 2, 1864, in
Springfield, Ky. This eminent lawyer
has served as a member of the Kentucky
state legislature; and for many years
was a member of the Kentucky railroad
commission.
SACNDERS, FREDERICK, librarian,
author, was born Aug. 14, 1807, in Eng
land. He was the librarian of the Astor
library, New York city, in 1859-96; and
is the author of New York in a Nut-Shell;
Salad for the Solitary and Salad for the
Social: Memoirs of the Great Metropolis;
The Story of Some Famous Books; Story
of the Discovery of the New World by
Columbus; Pastime Papers; Stray Leaves
of Literature; and Character Studies.
SAUNDERS, ROBERT, college presi
dent, was born Jan. 25, 1805, in Williams-
burg, Va. He was fourteenth president of
the William and Mary college; and presi
dent of the York River railroad. He died
Sept. 11, 1868.
SAUNDERS, ROMULUS MITCHELL,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, congress
man, was born March 3, 1791, in Caswell
county, N. C. He was a representative
in congress from North Carolina from
1821 to 1827, and from 1841 to 1845. In
1828 he was attorney-general of the state.
In 1835 he was elected a judge of the
state supreme court; and in 1846 was ap
pointed minister to Spain, where he re
mained four years. On his return was
again elected to the legislature of North
Carolina; and afterward devoted much
attention to the railroad improvements of
the state. He died April 21, 1867, in
Raleigh, N. C.
SAUNDERS, WILLIAM LAURENCE,
author, was born July 30, 1835, in Raleigh,
N. C. He is the author of a work en
titled the Colonial Records of North Caro
lina. He died April 2, 1891, in Raleigh,
N. C.
SAVAGE, EDWARD, artist, was born
Nov. 26, 1761, in Princeton, Mass. He
produced the well-known Family Group at
Mount Vernon. This was for a long time
exhibited in the museum that Savage es
tablished in New York, and is now in the
Boston museum. His portraits of Wash
ington and Henry Knox were frequently
engraved by the artist himself and by
others. He died July 6, 1817, in Prince
ton, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
819
SAVAGE, EDWARD HARTWELL, law
yer, jurist, author, was born May 18, 1812,
in Alstead, N. H. He was a Boston police
man and justice of the peace; and the
author of Boston Police Recollections;
and Five Thousand Boston Events, 1630-
1880.
SAVAGE, GEORGE MARTIN, clergy
man, educator, was born Feb. 5, 1849, in
Tishomingo county, Miss. This eminent
clergyman has been president of the
Southwestern Baptist university of Jack
son, Tenn., since 1890; and for twenty-
five years has been pastor of various
baptist churches.
SAVAGE, JAMES, lawyer, genealogist,
author, was born July 13, 1784, in Boston,
Mass. He was a Boston lawyer eminent
as a genealogist. He is best known as the
author of a Genealogical Dictionary of the
First Settlers of New England, upon
which twenty years of labor were expend
ed. He died March 8, 1873, in Boston,
Mass.
SAVAGE, JAMES WOODRUFF, sol
dier, lawyer, legislator, was born Feb. 2,
1826, in Bedford, N. H. In 1847 he gradu
ated from Havard
university with the
degree of B. A.; and
in 1850 was admitted
to the bar in New
York city. In 1861
he was commis
sioned captain in the
regular army and as
signed as aid-de
camp to the staff of
General Fremont.
He was subsequently
promoted to major,
lieutenant-colonel and became colonel of
the twelfth New York volunteer cavalry.
In 1867 he moved to Omaha, Neb.; and in
1875, was elected judge of the third ju
dicial district, and in 1879 received the
election for a second term. In 1885 he
was appointed a government director of
the Union Pacific Railway company. He
has written extensively articles on his
torical and law subjects, and is a mem
ber of various historical societies of New
Hampshire, Wisconsin and Missouri.
SAVAGE, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1779
in New York. He was a member of the
New York assembly in 1814; and from
1815 to 1819 was a representative in con
gress from that state. He subsequently
held the positions of district attorney,
comptroller of the state, chief justice of
the supreme court of New York, and
treasurer of the United States for New
York. He was a presidential elector in
1845. He died Oct. 19, 1863, in Utica, N. Y.
SAVAGE, JOHN, journalist, author,
poet, was born Dec. 13, 1828, in Ireland,
He was a journalist of New York city,
and subsequently of Washington. He was
the author of Poems; Picturesque Ire
land; Lays of the Folkstead; Modern
Revolutionary History of Ireland; Our
Living Representative Men; Life of An
drew Johnson; Fenian Heroes and Mar
tyrs; Sibyl, a tragedy; and several other
plays. He died Dec. 13, 1828, in Dublin,
Ireland.
SAVAGE, JOHN HOUSTON, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct. 9.
1815, in McMinnville Tenn. He was at
torney-general of the fourth district of
Tennessee in 1841, and held the office until
1847. He was elected a representative in
congress in 1849; was re-elected in 1851;
and was again elected to congress in 1855
and 1857.
B
SAVAGE, JOHN S., lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 30, 1841, in Clermont
county, Ohio. He was admitted to the
bar in Clinton county, Ohio, in 1865; and
was elected a representative from Ohio to
the forty-fourth congress.
SAVAGE, MINOT JUDSON, clergyman,
author, poet, was born June 10, 1841, in
Norridgewock, Maine. He was educated
principally at Bow-
•f^Bffif! doin college; and in
1864 graduated at the
Bangor Theological
seminary. He has
been a congregation
al missionary in Cal
ifornia; has been
pastor of the several
prominent churches;
and is now pastor of
the church of the
Unity of Boston,
Mass. He is the au
thor of Christianity the Science of Man
hood; Beliefs About Man; Belief in
God; Life Questions; Poems; The Re
ligion of Evolution; The Religion of
Morals; Talks About Jesus; The Modern
Sphinx; Man, Woman and Child; Social
Problems; My Creed; Religious Recon
struction; Signs of the Times; Helps for
Daily Living; Four Great Questions Con
cerning God; The Evolution of Christian
ity; Is This a Good World?; Jesus and
Modern Life; A Man; Light on the Cloud;
Bluff ton, a novel; and The Minister's
Handbook.
SAVAGE, PHILIP HENRY, author,
poet, was born in 1868 in Massachusetts.
He is a Boston writer; and the author
of First Poems and Fragments.
SAVAGE, RICHARD HENRY, author,
poet, was born in 1846 in New York. He
is the author of My Official Wife; For
Life and Love; A Daughter of Judas;
The Anarchist; Delilah of Harlem; In
the Old Chateau; The Little Judge of
Lagunitas; The Masked Venus; The Fly
ing Halcyon; Miss Devereux of the Mari-
quita; and After Many Years, and Other
Poems.
SAVAGE, WILLIAM HENRY, soldier,
educator, clergyman, author, poet, was
born Sept. 27, 1833, in Woolwich, Maine.
During the civil war he was a captain in
the seventeenth regiment Maine volunteer
infantry. He has become distinguished
as an eminent clergyman, and now fills
a pastorate in Watertown, Mass. He has
published numerous sermons, essays, and
poems.
SAVITZ, JEROHN JOSEPH, educator,
was born Jan. 1, 1866, in Easton, Pa. He
attended the Kutztown Normal school:
Fayette college for three years; and took
a course at the Illinois Wesleyan univer
sity, and at Wooster, Ohio. Since 1882 he
has been engaged in educational work,
and for the past seven years has been su
pervising principal of schools of Slating-
ton, Pa. He received the degree of A. M.
from Ursinus university in 1893.
SAWTELLE, CHARLES GREENE, sol
dier, was born May 10, 1834, in Norridge
wock. In 1864 he was in charge of steam
transportation in the department of the
gulf, and was chief quartermaster in the
military division of west Mississippi in
1864-65.
SAWTELLE, CULLEN, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in Nor
ridgewock. Maine. He served eight years
as register of probate; was a state sen
ator during the years 1843 and 1844; and
was a representative in congress from
Maine from 1845 to 1847, and again from
1849 to 1851.
SAWTELLE, HENRY ALLEN, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 11, 1832, in
Sidney, Maine. He was a baptist clergy
man of San Francisco and elsewhere; and
the author of Open Communion; and
Things to Think Of. He died Nov. 22,
1885, in Waterville, Maine.
SAWTELLE, LELIA ROBINSON, law
yer, author, was born July 23, 1850, in
Boston, Mass. She was a successful law
yer of Boston, Mass., and author of Law
Made Easy; and the Law of Husband and
Wife. She died Aug. 10, 1891.
SAWYER, MRS. CATHARINE ME-
HETABEL [FISHER], author, was born
Dec. 8, 1812, in Newton, Mass. She is the
author of The Poetry of Hebrew Tradi
tion. For many years she was editor of
The Ladies' Repository.
SAWYER, CLAUDE EPAMINONDAS,
lawyer, legislator, was born Aug. 25, 1851,
in Sawyers Mills, S. C. For four years he
served as a member of the South Carolina
legislature; was presidential elector in
1888; and has filled various other public
positions of honor. He was a member of
the historic Wallace house in 1876, and
took a prominent part in behalf of peace
in quelling the riots of 1876. He was
subsequently a colonel on Hampton
Wade's staff, and on the staffs of several
succeeding governors. While a member
of the legislature he took an important
part in the deliberations of that body.
For many years he was official reporter of
the second judicial circuit; is the editor
of a monthly magazine; and prominent in
masonry and other fraternal orders at
Aiken, S. C.
SAWYER, ELBERT H., soldier, clergy
man, educator, college president, author,
was born Dec. 18, 1843, in Milford, Mich.
He received his education in the public
schools, Fenton seminary, Kalamazoo col
lege, the La Grange college of Missouri,
and the Theological seminary of Chi
cago. For nearly a quarter of a century
he has been a clergyman; for ten years
a college professor and president; for four
years was president of the Baptist con
vention of Colorado; in 1889 was presi
dent of the baptist ministers' conference
at St. Louis: and now resides in Kirk-
wood, Mo. During the war he served as
a private soldier in the eighth regiment
Michigan volunteer infantry; was wound
ed by shell in his right hand at Antietam;
and was conspicuous in the charge of the
slope and in protecting regimental colors.
SAWYER, FREDERICK ADOLPHUS,
educator, United States senator, was born
Dec. 12, 1822, in Boston, Mass. In 1859
he went to Charleston, S. C., and had
charge of the normal school there until
1861. He was elected a senator in con
gress from South Carolina for the term
ending in 1873; and was subsequently ap
pointed assistant secretary of the treasury.
SAWYER, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
lawyer, author, was born April 22, 1810, in
Saco, Maine. He was a Boston lawyer;
and the author of Merchant's and Chip-
master's Guide; Plea for Amusements;
and Hits at American Whims. He died in
1875 in Boston, Mass.
SAWYER, GEORGE SMALL, lawyer,
legislator, was born Jan. 7, 1841, in Stand-
ish, Maine. In 1862 he was admitted to
the bar in Maine; in 1864 was elected dis
trict attorney of Ormsby county, Nev. ;
and in 1870 was made district attorney
of Lincoln county. During 1889-91 he
served with distinction as a member of
the state senate of Nevada. In 1884 he
was elected superintendent of schools:
and in 1894 was a candidate for attorney-
general of Nevada on the populist ticket.
820
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA QF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SAWYER, HORACE BUCKLIN, naval
officer, was born Feb. 22, 1797, in Bur
lington, Vt. In 1856 the legislature of
Vermont gave him a handsome sword for
his services in the second war with Great
Britain. He died Feb. 14, 1860, in Wash
ington, D. C.
SAWYER, JOHN GILBERT, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born June 5,
1825, in Brandon, Vt. He was a justice of
the peace in Albion from 1852 to 1858;
was district attorney of Orleans county
from 1863 to 1866; and was judge and
surrogate of Orleans county from 1868 to
1884. In tne latter year he was elected
a representative from Vermont to the
forty-ninth congress; and was re-elected
to the fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as
a republican.
SAWYER, LEICESTER AMBROSE, ed
ucator, clergyman, author, was born July
28, 1807, in Pinckney, N. Y. He is a pres-
byterian clergyman and educator, after
1860 a resident of Whitesboro, N. Y.; and
the author of Elements of Biblical Inter
pretation; Mental Philosophy; Moral Phi
losophy; A Critical Exposition of Bap
tism; Organic Christianity; and Recon
struction of Bible Theories. He made a
translation of the Scriptures, of which the
New Testament was published.
SAWYER, LEMUEL, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, author, was born
in 1777 in North Carolina. He was in the
North Carolina state legislature in 1801;
and was a representative from North
Carolina to congress in 1807-13. He sub
sequently served in the same capacity
from 1817 to 1823, and from 1825 to 1829.
About 1850 he moved to Washington, and
held a clerkship in one of the depart
ments. He published a Life of John Ran
dolph; and an Autobiography. He died
Jan. 9, 1852, in Washington, D. C.
SAWYER. LORENZO, lawyer, jurist,
was born May 23, 1820, in Le Roy, N. Y.
In 1854 he was elected attorney for San
Francisco; and was afterward appointed
judge of the district court for the state.
In 1863 he was elected one of the justices
of the supreme court of the state; was
chief justice from 1868 to 1870; and in
the latter year was commissioned United
States circuit judge for the ninth circuit,
residing in San Francisco, Cal.
SAWYER, LUCY SARGENT, mission
ary, was born April 3, 1840, in Belfast,
Maine. Her whole life has been spent in
mission work; and in 1882 she was elected
president of the Woman's Home Mission
ary society.
SAWYER, MOSES HAVENS, lawyer,
author, was born June 6, 1827, in Mystic,
Conn. In 1886 he was appointed United
bodies consul at Trinidad and Tobago. He
is the author of Lieutenant Colburn; His
tory of Annexation of Tobago; Judica
ture; Mortgages; Desertion of Seamen,
Immigration and Ornithology.
SAWYER, PHILETUS, merchant, state
legislator, congressman, United States
senator, was born Sept. 22, 1816, in Whit
ing, Vt. He was
elected to the legis
lature of Wisconsin
in 1857 and 1861; and
in 1863 was elected
ft... I niayor of Oshkosh,
and re-elected in
1864. He was elect
ed a representative
from Wisconsin to
the thirty-ninth con
gress. He was also
a delegate to the
Philadelphia Loyal
ists' convention of 1866; and was re-
elected to the fortieth congress. He was
also re-elected to the three succeeding
congresses; and declined a re-election.
He was elected a United States senator,
from Wisconsin for the term of six years,
from March 4, 1881; and was re-elected in
1887. In 1896 he was chairman of the re
publican convention at St. Louis, Mo., that
nominated William McKinley for presi
dent of the United States.
SAWYER, S. T., journalist, congress
man, was born in 1800 in North Carolina.
He was a representative in congress from
that state from 1837 to 1839. He was ap
pointed collector of customs at Norfolk,
Va. ; and was subsequently editor of the
Norfolk Argus. He died Nov. 29, 1865, in
New Jersey.
SAWYER, SAMUEL L., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 27, 1813, in
Mount Vernon, N. H. He moved to Mis
souri in 1838; and was elected circuit at
torney in 1848, and re-elected in 1852. He
was elected a circuit judge in 1871, and re-
elected in 1874. He was elected a repre
sentative from Missouri to the forty-sixth
congress as an independent democrat.
SAWYER, SYLVANUS, inventor, was
born April 15, 1822, in Templeton, Mass.
His inventions have entirely revolution
ized the chair-cane business; and in 1853
he invented improvements in rifle and
cannon projectiles.
SAWYER, THOMAS JEFFERSON, ed
ucator, clergyman, author, was born Jan.
9, 1804, in Reading, Vt. He is a universal-
ist clergyman and educator, and after
1869 a professor of theology at Tufts col
lege. He is the author of Doctrine of
Eternal Salvation; Who Is God, — the Son
or the Father?; and Endless Punishment
in the Very Words of Its Advocates.
SAWYER, WILLARD S., musician,
composer, was born Sept. 4, 1860, in New
York city. He is a teacher of the piano
and violin in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; and the
author of Sawyer's Piano Student's Prac
tice Records.
SAWYER, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Ohio. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1845
to 1849.
SAXE, JACOB BRADFORD, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born Nov. 10, 1819,
in Greenfield, N. Y. Since 1843 he has
been a successful clergyman of the uni-
versalist church, and now fills a pastorate
in Fort Scott, Kan. He is a constant con
tributor to various publications; and is
the author of a volume entitled The Or
ganic Laws.
SAXE, JOHN GODFREY, lawyer, jour
nalist, poet, was born June 2, 1816, in
Highgate, Vt. He was a lawyer and jour
nalist of Vermont
and subsequently of
New York, widely
known as a humor
ous poet. He was
the author of Prog
ress; A New Rape
of the Lock; The
Proud MissMcBride;
The Money King;
CleverSongs of Many
Nations; The Mas
querade; Leisure
Day Rhymes; and
Fables and Lyrics in Rhyme. He died
March 31, 1887, in Albany, N. Y.
SAXTON, CHARLES TERRY, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, lieutenant-governor, wa i
born July 2, 1846, in Clyde, N. Y. He en
listed during the civil war in the nine
teenth New York infantry, and mustered
out as sergeant-major; and has held high
office in the Grand Army of the Republic.
In 1867 he was admitted to the bar, and
after practicing his profession for awhile
in Grand Rapids, Mich., he opened an
office in his native tity, where he has ac
quired prominence as a counsel learned in
the law. In 1887-89 he was a member of
the New York state assembly; a state
senator in 1890-94; and was inaugurated
lieutenant-governor of his state on Jan. 1,
1895. He introduced the Australian ballot
system in New York; in 1894 he appoint
ed the Luxow committee; and has al
ways taken an active part in reform legis
lation. He received the degree of doctor
of laws from the Union university, and
in 1892 was elected chancellor of that in
stitution. He is a fluent and forcible writ
er; and 1ms contributed to the North
American Review and other current pub
lications.
SAXTON, JOSEPH, inventor, was born
March 22, 1799, in Huntington county, Pa.
He made the clock which still marks the
time from the belfry of Independence hall
in Philadelphia, when he was but eight
een, and subsequently added many in
genious devices to science. He was one of
the original ineorporators of the National
Academy of Science. He died Oct. 26,
1873, in Washington, D. C.
SAXTON, RUFUS, soldier, was born
Oct. 19, 1S24. in Greenfield, Mass. He
served with distinction through the civil
war, and in 1865 was brevetted brigadier-
general in the United States army. In
1882 he was promoted to colonel and as
sistant quartermaster-general.
SAY, BENJAMIN, physician, congress
man, was born in 1756 in Philadelphia, Pa.
He was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1808 to 1809 to fill a
vacancy. He died April 3, 1813, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
SAY, THOMAS, zoologist, author, was
born July 27, 1787, in Philadelphia. He
was a zoologist who was the first curator
of the Philadelphia
Academy of Natural
Sciences. In 1825 he
removed to New
Harmony, Ind., and
was the agent of the
Owen socialist col
ony there. He was
the author of Vo
cabularies of Indian
languages; American
Conchology; and
American Entomol
ogy. His Complete
Writings on Conchology have been ed
ited by Binney, and those on Entomology
by Le Conte. He died Oct. 10, 1834, in
New Harmony, Ind.
SAYERS, JOSEPH D., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 23, 1841, in
Grenada, Miss. He served as a member of
the Texas state senate in the session of
1873; and was lieutenant-governor of
Texas in 1879-80. He was elected to the
forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-sec
ond, fifty-third, and fifty-fourth con
gresses and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a democrat.
SAYLER, HENRY B., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 31, 1836, in
Montgomery county, Ohio. He enlisted
in the army as lieutenant; and was pro
moted to major of the one hundred and
eighteenth Indiana infantry. He was elect
ed a representative from Indiana to the
forty-third congress as a republican.
SAYLER, JOSEPH HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born Oct. 9, 1846, in
Farmington, 111. He served during the
civil war as a private soldier in the sixty-
first and eighty-third regiments Illinois
volunteer infantry. He is an able law
yer of Marysville, Mo., of which city he
has served as mayor for three terms.
He is now probate judge of his county.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
821
SAYLER, MILTON, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Nov. 4,
1831, in Lewlsburg, Ohio. He was a mem
ber of the Ohio state legislature in 1862
and 1863, and of the city councils in 1864
and 1865. He was elected a representa
tive from Ohio to the forty-third and
forty-fourth congresses; and was re-
elected to the forty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
SAYLES, FREDERIC CLARK, manu
facturer, was born July 17, 1835. He be
came the partner of his brother in 1863,
and was an active co-laborer with him 'in
the development of the Moshassuck
bleachery and nearly all the other mill
ing enterprises controlled by the Sayles
family. He has served as mayor of Paw-
tucket, in which city he lives.
SAYLES, JOHN, educator, lawyer, jur
ist, author, was born March 9, 1825, in
Vernon, N. Y. He was a Texas jurist, and
professor in Baylor university from 1880.
He was the author of Practice in the Dis
trict and Supreme Courts of Texas; Civil
Jurisdiction of Justices of the Peace in
the State of Texas; Principles of Pleading
in Civil Actions in the Courts of Texas;
Probate Laws of Texas; Laws of Busi
ness; Constitution of Texas, with Notes;
and Notes on Texan Reports.
SAYRE, DAVID AUSTEN, philanthro
pist, was born March 12, 1793, in Bottle
Hill, N. J. He removed in early life to
Lexington, where he became a success
ful merchant and banker. Though re
peatedly meeting with heavy losses, he
gave about $500,000 to benevolent objects
during his lifetime, including $100,000 to
found the Sayre institute. He died Sept.
11, 1870, in Lexington, Ky.
SAYRE, EMILIUS, KITCHELL, edu
cator, lawyer, was born March 20, 1810, in
Battle Hill, N. J. He attended the schools
of Elizabethtown, N.
J.; received the de
gree of A. B. from
Amherst college in
1826, and the degree
of A. M. in 1831 from
the same institution;
and the degree of
LL. B. from the
Transylvania college
in 1833. During 1828-
31 he was a profes
sor in the Washing
ton institute, New
York; during 1833-52 was a lawyer in
Lexington, Ky.; and since that time has
been a farmer in Missouri. During 1861-
63 he was a member of the Missouri state
constitutional convention; and has filled
various other public positions of honor
in Lewis county and the state of Missouri.
SAYRE, LEWIS ALBERT, educator,
physician, surgeon, author, was born Feb.
29, 1820, in Bottlehill, N. J. He is a dis
tinguished surgeon of New York city, and
professor of orthopasdic surgery in Belle-
vue Hospital college. He is the author of
a Practical Manual of the Treatment of
Club-Foot; Lectures on Orthopaedic Sur
gery; and Spinal Curvature and Its Treat
ment.
SCALES, ALFRED MOORE, JR., law
yer, state legislator, congressman, govern
or, was born Nov. 26, 1827, in Reedsville,
N. C. He was elected to the legislature
of North Carolina in 1852 and 1856; and
in 1857 was elected a representative from
his native state to the thirty-fifth con
gress. He was a presidential elector in
1861; and was elected to the forty-fourth
congress. He was re-elected to the forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh, and forty-
eighth congresses. In 1884 he was elected
governor of North Carolina for four years.
SCALES, JOHN, educator, journalist,
author, was born Oct. 6, 1835, in Notting
ham, N. H. He was fitted for college at
the Colby university, and graduated from
Dartmouth college in 1863. He then en
gaged in educational work as principal of
the Wolfeborough and Gilmanton acad
emies till 1869; and during 1869-83 was
principal of the Franklin academy of
Dover, N. H. Since 1883 he has been ed
itor of the Dover Daily Republican, the
leading republican journal in New Hamp
shire; has contributed to various publica
tions; and is the author of several works.
He has been trustee of the state normal
school; and is a member of the school
committee of Dover. He is prominent in
political affairs; a Knight Templar and
thirty-second degree Mason; and a mem
ber of various fraternal orders.
SCAMMON, CHARLES MELLVILLE,
navigator, author, was born May 28, 1825,
in Pittston, Maine. He is the author of
a work on The Marine Mammals of the
Northwestern Coast of America and the
American Whale Fishery.
SCAMMON, ELIAKIM PARKER, sol
dier, educator, was born Dec. 27, 1816, in
Whitefield, Maine. He was professor in
Mount St. Mary's college of Cincinnati,
Ohio, in 1856-58, and president of the
Polytechnic college in that city from 1859-
61. He became colonel of the twenty-third
Ohio regiment in 1861, served in western
Virginia and Maryland, and was promoted
brigadier-general of volunteers.
SCAMMON, JAMES, educator, lawyer,
litterateur, was born June 10, 1844, in
Strathan, N. H., on the old homestead oc-
. cupied by the family
continuously for two
hundred and fifty
years. He received
a thorough educa
tion, graduated from
the Brown univer
sity in 1868, and
from the Albany
Law school two
years later. He has
been superintendent
of public schools in
his native city; and
principal in the River Point Classical
seminary, Rhode Island. For the past
twenty-five years he has been a prom
inent lawyer of Kansas City, Mo.; has
been general counsel of the Kansas City
and Eastern Railway company; president
of the Franklin Savings bank; and presi
dent of the board of managers of the
Jackson County Reform school. He is
also president of the Speery Associate
Electric company; president and chair
man of the board of managers of the
Kansas City Humane society; president
for twenty years of the All Souls Unitar
ian Church society; and for several year's
president of the Missouri valley confer
ence of imitarian churches. He is a
director in a dozen business enterprises;
is best known as a lawyer and scholar,
and has a library of several thousand vol
umes.
SCAMMON, JOHN F., merchant, bank
er, state senator, congressman, was born
Oct. 24, 1786, in Saco, Maine. He served
in the Massachusetts legislature as a rep
resentative during 1817, and in the Maine
legislature in 1820 and 1821. He was col
lector of customs at Saco from 1829 to
1841. He was a representative in congress
from Maine from 1845 to 1847; and was a
state senator in 1855. He died May 23,
1858.
SCAMMON, JONATHAN YOUNG, law
yer, journalist, statesman, was born July
27, 1812, in Whitefield, Maine. He was
one of the main organizers and directors
of the first railroad west of Lake Michi
gan, now the Northwestern. He laid the
foundation of the first successful public
school system in Chicago. He was one
of the founders of the Chicago Astronom
ical society, and its first president. In
1872 he established the Chicago Inter
Ocean as a republican paper. He founded
the Hahnemann hospital and other in
stitutions. He was a member of the Illi
nois state legislature. He died March 17,
1890, in Chicago, 111.
SCANLAN, LAWRENCE, clergyman,
bishop, was born Sept. 28, 1843, in Ireland.
In 1868 he was ordained a priest in Dub
lin, and in 1873 was consecrated bishop of
Salt Lake City, Utah.
SCANLAND, MRS. AGNES LEONARD,
author, was born Jan. 20, 1842, in Louis
ville, Ky. She is a writer of Leadville,
Colo.; and the author of several works.
SCANNELL, RICHARD, bishop, was
born May 12, 1844, in Ireland. He is
an eminent Roman catholic bishop of
Concordia, Kan.
SCARBOROUGH, JOHN, bishop of New
Jersey, was born April 25, 1831, in Ireland.
He has filled pastorates in Troy and New
York city; and became protestant epis
copal bishop of New Jersey.
SCARBOROUGH, JOHN CATRE, sol
dier, educator, college president, was born
Sept. 22, 1841, in Wake county, N. C.
During 1877-85 he was state superintend
ent of public instruction for North Caro
lina, and again filled that office during
1893-97. He is now president of the
Chowan Baptist Female institute of Mur-
freesborough, N. C.
SCARBOROUGH, WILLIAM SAUND-
ERS, educator, author, was born Feb. 16,
1852, in Macon, Ga. He is an educator of
African descent, professor of ancient lan
guages in Wilberforce university, Ohio,
from 1877; and the author of First Les
sons in Greek; and Theory and Func
tions of the Thematic Vowel in the
Greek Verb.
SCARBROUGH, WILLIAM, planter, in
ventor, was born Feb. 18, 1776, in Lower
Three Runs, S. C. He built the first ocean
steam boat. The Savannah, that crossed
the Atlantic in 1819. He died June 11,
1838, in New York.
SCATES, THOMAS A., educator, law
yer, was born Oct. 31, 1859, in Union City,
Tenn. He received a thorough educa
tion in the high
_ schools of Kansas,
^JpW*"v and at Eastman's
\ Business college of
Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
He taught school for
several years, and
for two years was
principal of the
Kinsley High school,
Kansas. He is a
prominent lawyer
of Liberal, Kansas;
was county commis
sioner of Seward county for six years;
and county attorney for three years. He
takes a prominent part in the public af
fairs of his city, county and state; and
is a member of several fraternal orders.
SCHAEFFER, CHARLES ASHMEAD,
chemist, college president, was born Aug.
14, 1843, in Harrisburg, Pa. For many
years he was professor of chemistry in
Cornell university, and is now president
of the state university of Iowa.
822
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SCHAEFFER, CHARLES FREDE
RICK, educator, clergyman, author, was
born Sept. 3, 1807, in Germantown, Pa.
He was professor of systematic theology
in the Lutheran Theological seminary at
Philadelphia in 1864-76. He was the au
thor of A System of Lutheran Theology,
one of several important works, which
he translated from the German. He died
Nov. 23, 1879, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SCHAEFFER, CHARLES WILLIAM,
educator, clergyman, author, was born
May 5, 1813, in Hagerstown, Md. He was
professor of church history in the Phila
delphia Lutheran seminary from 1864;
and the author of History of the Lutheran
Church in the United States; and Family
Prayers.
SCHAEFFER, DAVID FREDERICK,
clergyman, author, was born July 22, 1787,
in Carlisle, Pa. From 1808 until his death
he was pastor of the Lutheran church in
Frederick, Md. He was the author of
Historical Address on the Reformation.
He died in May, 1837, in Frederick, Md.
SCHAEFFER, FREDERICK CHRIS
TIAN, educator, clergyman, author, was
born Nov. 12, 1792, in Germantown, Pa.
He filled pastorates in Harrisburg and
New York city; and published Parables
and Parabolic Sayings. He died in March,
1831, in New York city.
SCHAFF, DAVID T., clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 17, 1852, in Mercers-
burg, Pa. He is now a pastor of the pres-
byterian church in Jacksonville, 111. He
was the co-editor of the Schaff-Herzog Re
ligious Encyclopedia, a work of four vol
umes.
SCHALLER, ALBERT, lawyer, legislat
or, was born May 20, 1856, in Chicago, 111.
He received a thorough education in St.
Vincent's college of Cape Girardeau, Mo.;
in France; and at the St. Louis Law
school. During 1880-91 he was county
attorney of Duluth county, Minn.; dur
ing 1891-96 was city attorney of Hastings,
Minn.; and also in 1895-96 was city at
torney of South St. Paul. During 1895-
98 he served with distinction as a state
senator in the Minnesota legislature, arid
took an active part in the deliberations of
that body. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of the northwest, and has a large
practice in Hastings, Minn.
SCHANCK, JOHN STILWELL, physi
cian, educator, was born Feb. 24, 1817. He
received his education in the schools of
Middletown and
Freehold, N. J.; then
at the celebrated
academy at Lenox,
Mass.; and in 1840
graduated at the
Princeton college of
New Jersey. In 1843
he received his medi
cal degree from the
university of Penn
sylvania, and prac
ticed medicine from
that time in Prince
ton, N. J. For nearly fifty years he has
delivered a course of lectures on anatomy,
physiology and zoology in the Princeton
college; and from 1856-93 he also filled
the chair of chemistry in the same insti
tution. He has served that noted college
under four presidents with great distinc
tion.
SCHARF, JOHN THOMAS, author, was
born May 1, 1843, in Baltimore, Md. He
is an historical writer of Baltimore; and
the author of Chronicles of Baltimore;
History of Maryland; History of Balti
more; History of Western Maryland; His
tory of the City of St. Louis; History of
Philadelphia; History of the Confederate
Navy; and History of Delaware.
SCHAUFFLER, WILLIAM GOTTLIEB,
missionary, author, was born Aug. 22,
1798, in Germany. He was a congrega
tional missionary in Turkey well known
as a linguist. He translated the Bible
into Hebrew-Spanish and Turkish, and
also wrote Essay on the Right Use of
Property; and Meditations on the Last
Day of Christ. He died Jan. 27, 1883, in
New York city.
SCHAYER, MRS. JULIA [THOMP
SON] [VON STORCH], author, was born
in 1840 in Maine. She is a Washington
writer; and the author of The Tiger Lily
and Other Stories.
SCHELL, RICHARD, congressman. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-third congress, to fill
a vacancy.
SCHEM, ALEXANDER JACOB, statis
tician, author, was born March 16, 1826,
in Prussia. He was a statistician of note
who was assistant superintendent of
schools in New York city in 1874-81. He
was the author of Latin English Diction
ary; Statistics of the World; and Cyclo
paedia of Education. He died May 21,
1881, in Hoboken, N. J.
SCHENCK, ABRAHAM H., manufac
turer, congressman, was born in 1777.
He was a member of the New York assem
bly in 1804-06; and was a representative
in congress from that state from 1815 to
1817. He died in 1831.
SCHENCK, FERDINAND S., physician,
jurist, congressman, was born Feb. 11,
1790, in Middlesex county, N. J. In 1829
he was elected to the state legislature, and
was re-elected in 1830 and 1831. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1833 to 1837. He was soon
afterward elected a justice of the court of
errors and appeals, which he held for
eight years. He died May 17, 1860, in
Camden, N. J.
SCHENCK, NOAH HUNT, clergyman,
journalist, author, was born June 30, 1805,
in Pennington, N. J. He founded and ed
ited The Western Churchman during his
pastorate in Chicago, and in 1867 became
co-editor of The Protestant Churchman
in New York. He was the author of nu
merous published sermons and addresses,
of which a collection has appeared in
book form. He died Jan. 4, 1885, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
SCHENCK, ROBERT GUMMING, sol
dier, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born Oct. 4, 1809, in Franklin,
Ohio. In 1840 he was
elected a representa
tive to the Ohio leg
islature; was re-
elected in 1842; and
was a representative
^— v in congress from his
*4 native state from
^L^A 1843 to 1851. In 1861
^^^^^^^ he served as briga-
^^^AH ^^ dier and major-gen-
I eral in the union
| army; and in 1862
was elected to the
thirty-eighth congress. He was re-elected
to the thirty-ninth congress. He was re-
elected to the fortieth and forty-first con
gresses. In 1870 he was appointed min
ister to England; and on his return to
the United States, settled in Washington
city in the practice of his profession. He
died March 23, 1890, in Washington, D. C.
SCHENCK, WILLIAM EDWARD, cler
gyman, author, was born March 29, 1819,
in Princeton, N. J. He is a presbyterian
minister of Philadelphia; and the author
of Children in Heaven; Nearing Home;
and The Fountain for Sin; Church Ex
tension in Cities.
SCHERER, JOHN JACOB, clergyman,
educator, college president, was born Feb.
7, 1830, in Wythe county, Va. He was
president of Colorado college, Texas, for
twenty years; president of Marion Fe
male college, Virginia; and president of
the general synod south of the Lutheran
church.
SCHERESCHEWSKY, SAMUEL ISAAC
JOSEPH, clergyman, author, was born
May 6, 1831, in Russia. He is third pro-
testant episcopal bishop of the China mis
sion. He was consecrated in 1877, but re
signed his office in 1883 and lived for some
years in Cambridge, but since 1895 has
lived at Shanghai. He is the author of a
translation of the Bible into Chinese.
SCHERMERHORN, ABRAHAM M., con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1849 to
1853. He died Aug. 22, 1855, in Rochester,
N. Y.
SCHERMERHORN, SIMON J., farmer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Sept. 26, 1827, in Rotterland, N. Y. In
1862 he was elected without opposition to
the New York state legislature. He is
interested in banking, being a director
and trustee of local banks. He was on
the Cleveland electoral ticket in 1888, rep
resenting the old twentieth district of the
state of New York; and was elected to
the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
SCHIEFFLIN, SAMUEL BRADHURST,
author, was born Feb. 24, 1811, in New
York city. He is a business man of New
York city who wrote on religious topics.
He is the author of Message to the Ruling
Elders; Foundations of History; Words
to Christian Teachers; and The Church
in Ephesus and the Presbyterian and Re
formed Churches.
SCHIEREN, CHARLES A., manufact
urer, inventor, was born Feb. 28, 1842, in
Germany. In 1882 he established the
present firm of Chas. A. Schieren and Co.
of Brooklyn, N. Y., manufacturers of
leather belting. He was the inventor of
the electric belt, consisting of a coating of
composition spread over the belt to pre
serve the leather.
SCHINDLER, SOLOMON, clergyman,
author, was born in 1842 in Silesia. He is
a Hebrew clergyman now living in Cam
bridge but formerly in charge of Temple
Adath Israel, Boston. He is the author of
Young West, a sequel to Looking Back
ward; Messianic Exhortations and Mod
ern Judaism; and Dissolving Views on
the History of Judaism.
SCHLEICHER, GUSTAVE, civil en
gineer, state senator, congressman, was
born Nov. 19, 1823, in Germany. He moved
to Texas in 1847; served in the state leg
islature in 1853 and 1854; and from 1859
to 1861 served in the state senate. In 1874
he was elected a representative from
Texas to the forty-fourth congress; and
was re-elected to the forty-fifth and forty-
sixth congresses as a democrat. He died
Jan. 10, 1879, in Washington City, Pa.
SCHLEY, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, governor,
author, was born Dec. 15, 1786, in Fred
erick, Md. In 1825 he was elected a judge
of the superior court of the middle dis
trict of Georgia, and was elected to the
state legislature in 1830. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Georgia from
1833 to 1835; and during the two succeed
ing years was governor of Georgia. He
published a Digest of the English Stat
utes. At the time of his death he was
president of the Medical college of Geor
gia. He died Nov. 20, 1858, in Augusta,
Ga.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
823
spector;
Greely expedition;
SCHLEY, WINFIELD SCOTT, naval
officer, explorer, author, was born Oct.
9, 1839, near Frederick, Md. He attended
the naval academy
during 1856-60; and
was promoted to
master in 1861. He
was in all the en
gagements which led
to the capture of
Port Hudson in 1863.
In 1866 he was com
missioned a lieuten
ant-commander; and
commander in 1874.
During 1880-83 he
was light-house in-
in 1884 was in charge of the
and in 1885-89 was
chief of the bureau of equipment and re
cruiting. He was promoted to captain
in 1888; and in 1898 gained distinction
during the Spanish-American war in the
destruction and capture of the Spanish
fleet. He is the author of The Rescue of
Greely.
SCHMAUK, THEODORE EMANUEL,
journalist, author, was born May 30, 1860,
in Lancaster, Pa. He has been president
of the Pennsylvania German society, and
chancellor of the Pennsylvania Chautau-
qua. He is editor-in-chief of The Luth
eran and several church publications;
and the author of The Negative Criticism;
The Art of Conversation; The Voice of
Speech and Song; and various other
works.
SCHMIDT, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS,
educator, clergyman, journalist, author,
was born Jan. 2, 1837, in Germany. He
has for years been a leader among the
Norwegian lutherans. In 1873 he was sent
as delegate from the Norwegian synod to
the general assembly of the Norwegian
Mission society at Christiania, Norway.
He was editor of the Lutheran Watchman
in Decorah, Iowa, in 1864-65.
SCHMIDT, HENRY IMMANUEL, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Dec.
21, 1806, in Nazareth, Pa. He was a luth
eran clergyman and educator of New York
city, professor of German in Columbia
college in 1848-80, and the author of His
tory of Education; The Lutheran Doctrine
of the Lord's Supper; and Course of
American Geography. He died Feb. 11,
1889, in New York city.
SCHMITZ, JOHN PETER, merchant,
physician, surgeon, lecturer, author, was
born Feb. 24, 1834, in Germany. In 1855 he
emigrated to America
and engaged in mer
cantile pursuits. In
1875 he entered the
Cooper Medical col
lege of San Francis
co; and subsequently
attended the Califor-
n*a Medical college,
graduating there-
from in 1881, and has
since attained prom
inence as a success
ful physician of San
Francisco, and a noted lecturer and teach
er of physiology to medical students, hav
ing held the chair of physiology in the
California Medical college since 1886. He
is the author of a work on Human Physi
ology, Analysis and Digest, for the use of
Medical Students and Practitioners; and
valuable papers and pamphlets on the
cause of diphtheria and croup have ap
peared from his pen.
SCHMUCKER, JOHN GEORGE, clergy
man, author, poet, was born Aug. 18, 1771,
in Germany. He was a frequent contrib
utor to periodicals, and a poet of merit.
Among his works are, Prophetic History
of the Christian Religion, or Explanation
of the Revelation of St. John. He died
Oct. 7, 1854, in Williamsburg, Pa.
SCHMUCKER, SAMUEL MOSHEIM,
author, was born Jan. 12, 1823, in New
Market, Va. He was a Philadelphia au
thor who was in the early part of his
career a lutheran minister. He was the
author of Errors of Modern Infidelity;
The Spanish Wife, a play; History of the
Four Georges; History of All Religions;
Court and Reign of Catharine II.; Lives of
Washington, Hamilton, Jefferson, Web
ster, Clay, Dr. Kane, Fremont; Memora
ble Scenes in French History; History of
the Modern Jews; History of Napoleon
Third; Arctic Explorations; and History
of the Civil War in the United States. He
died May 12, 1863, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SCHMUCKER, SAMUEL SIMON, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Feb.
28, 1799, in Hagerstown, Md. He was a
lutheran clergyman and educator, and pro
fessor in the Theological seminary at Get
tysburg in 1826-64. He was the author
of Elements of Popular Theology; Psy
chology; Lutheran Manual; Lutheran
Symbols, or American Lutheranism Vin
dicated; Church of the Redeemer; and
The Unity of Christ's Church. He died
July 26, 1873, in Gettysburg, Pa.
SCHNECK, BENJAMIN SHRODER,
clergyman, author, was born March 14,
1806, in Upper Bern, Pa. He was a luth
eran clergyman, pastor at Chambersburg
Irom 1855, and the author of Die deutsche
Kanzel; The Burning of Chambersburg;
and Mercersburg Theology. He died April
19, 1874, in Chambersburg, Pa.
SCHODDE, GEORGE HENRY, educat
or, clergyman, author, was born April 15,
1854, in Allegheny City, Pa. He was pro
fessor at Capitol university from 1880;
and the author of The Book of Enoch
translated from the Ethiopic, with Notes;
and A Day in Capernaum, from the Ger
man of Delitzsch.
SCHOEPFLE, HENRY, educator, law
yer, was born Feb. 12, 1867, in Sandusky,
Ohio. He received his education in the
Northwestern Normal university of Adair,
Ohio, and graduated from the Cincinnati
Law school. For many years he was en
gaged in educational work; is now a
prominent lawyer of Sandusky, Ohio; is
serving as city solicitor, and takes an
active part in public affairs.
SCHOFIELD, JOHN McALLISTER, sol
dier., was born Sept. 29, 1831, in Chautau-
qua county, N. Y. In 1853 he graduated
from the United
States Military acad-
i emy; was assigned
to the first regiment
'?m of artillery, and dur-
|grJI * '• ing 1855-60 was pro-
j^ | fessor of natural
philosophy. In 1861
WiiJfS!* ' he was commissioned
captain. During the
civil war he served
as major of the first
Missouri volunteers;
was appointed chief
of staff, and the same year became briga
dier-general of the Missouri militia. In
1862 he was appointed major-general of
volunteers, and in 1864, for his services
at the battle of Franklin, he was made
brigadier-general and brevet major-gen
eral in the regular army. General Scho-
fleld succeeded Edwin M. Stanton as sec
retary of war; and in 1869 he was ap
pointed major-general. During 1876-81 he
was superintendent of the United States
Military academy; and in 1895 was retired
from active service.
SCHOOLCRAFT, HENRY ROWE, eth
nologist, author, poet, was born March 29,
1793, in Albany county, N. Y. He was
an eminent ethnolo
gist and geologist,
thirty years of whose
life were spent
among " the Indians,
chiefly at Mackinaw.
He discovered the
source of the Missis
sippi. Among his
many works are in
cluded, View of the
Lead Mines of Mis
souri; Algic Discov
eries; Historical In
formation Concerning the Indian Tribes;
Narrative of an Expedition to Itasca
Lake; Oneota, reissued as The Indian
and His Wigwam; The Myth of Hiawa
tha; Personal Memoirs of Thirty Years'
Residence with Indian Tribes; Scenes and
Adventures in the Ozark Mountains;
Life of General Cass, and several volumes
of verse. He died Dec. 10, 1864, in Wash
ington, D. C.
SCHOOLCRAFT, JOHN L., merchant,
banker, congressman, was born in Al
bany, N. Y. He was for many years presi
dent of the Commercial bank of Albany,
and was a representative in congress from
New York from 1849 to 1853. He died in
May, 1860, in Canada.
SCHOOLCRAFT, MRS. MARY (HOW
ARD), author, was born in Beaufort, S.
C. She is the author of The Black Gaunt
let, a Tale of Plantation Life.
SCHOONMAKER, AUGUSTUS, lawyer,
was born March 2, 1828, in Rochester, N.
Y. In 1876-77 he was a member of the
New York state senate, and in 1878-79 he
was attorney-general of New York.
SCHOONMAKER, CORNELIUS C., con
gressman, was born in June, 1745, in
Rochester, N. Y. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from 1791
to 1793, and was, for fourteen years, be
fore and after the above term, a member
of the New York assembly, from the coun
ty of Ulster. He died in 1796, in Shaw-
angunk, N. Y.
SCHOONMAKER, MARIUS, lawyer,
congressman, author, was born April 24,
1811, in Kingston, N. Y. He was elected
to congress as a whig and served from
1851 till 1853. In 1854 he was auditor of
the canal department, and in 1855-56 he
served as superintendent of the bank de
partment of the state of New York. He
has published speeches in congress on
Public Lands; The Slave Question; and
is the author of a History of Kingston
from its First Settlement to 1820.
SCHOONMAKER, MARTINUS, clergy
man, was born in 1737 in Rochester, N. Y.
In 1784 he fixed his residence at Flatbush,
and assumed charge of the six congrega
tions in Kings county. He died in 1824
in Flatbush, N. Y.
SCHOTT, CHARLES ANTONY, civil
engineer, author, was born Aug. 7, 1826,
in Germany. He entered the service of
the United States coast survey, and is the
author of numerous works on meteor
ology.
SCHOULER, JAMES, educator, lawyer,
author, was born March 20, 1839, in West
Cambridge, Mass. He is a lawyer and his
torian of Boston, professor in the law
school of Boston university; and the au
thor of The Law of Bailments; The Law
of Personal Property; The Law of Hus
band and Wife; Law of Executors and
Administrators; Law of Wills; A History
of the United States under the Constitu
tion; Life of Thomas Jefferson; and His
torical Briefs.
824
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SCHOULER, WILLIAM, journalist, au
thor, was born Dec. 31, 1814, in Scotland.
He was a journalist of lioston who pub
lished A History of Massachusetts during
the Civil War. He died Oct. 24, 1872, in
West Roxbury, Mass.
SCHR1VER, EDMUND, soldier, was
born Sept. 16, 1812, in York, Pa. He
served in the Florida, Mexican and civil
wars; and was brevetted major-general of
the United States army in 1865.
SCHROEBACH, JAMES, clergyman,
bishop, was born Aug. 15, 1847, in
Germany. He came to America in 1864.
In 1892 he was consecrated bishop of the
diocese of La Crosse, having for ten
years previous been its vicar-general.
SCHROEDER. CHARLES H., educator,
poet, was born March 16, 1858, in Boeuf
Creek, Mo. After studying the normal
course at the university of Missouri for
three years, he first taught school at New
Haven in 1884 as principal; then at Au
gusta, Mo., for four years, and has since
been principal of various schools. He IB
the author of a pastoral story entitled
Enos and Aurelia; and his poems have
been given a place in Poets of America
and other standard works.
SCHROEDER, FREDERICK A., state
senator, was born March 9, 1833, in Ger
many. In 1871 he was elected mayor of
Brooklyn; and in 1879 was a member of
the state senate from New York.
SCHROEDER, JOHN FREDERICK, ed
ucator, clergyman, author, was born April
8, 1800, in Baltimore, Md. He was an
episcopal clergyman and educator of
Flushing, L. I., and the author of Life
of Washington; Maxims of Washington;
Class Book of Astronomy; and Sunday
Addresses. He died Feb. 26, 1857, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
SCHUETTE, CONRAD HERMAN
LOUIS, educator, clergyman, author, was
born June 17, 1843, in Germany. He was
pastor at Delaware, Ohio, in 1865-72, has
been professor of mathematics and natu
ral science in Capitol university since
1872, and since 1881 also professor of eth
ics, symbolics, and homiletics in the the
ological department. He has been editor-
in-chief of the Columbus Theological Mag
azine since 1886, and has published The
Church Member's Manual; and The
State, the Church, and the School.
SCHULTE, MRS. MARY JEMIMA
(McCOLL), poet, was born in 1847 in Eng
land. She is a verse-writer of Jersey
City, and the author of Bide a Wee, and
Other Poems.
SCHULTZ, EMANUEL, manufacturer,
congressman, was born July 25, 1819, in
Berks county, Pa. In 1875 he was elected
a member of the Ohio house of repre
sentatives; and was elected to the forty-
seventh congress.
SCHULTZ, IRWIN WILLIAM, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 6, 1855, in Phillips-
burg, N. J. He has served his native city
as mayor, and is the presiding judge of the
court of common pleas of his county.
SCHULTZE, AUGUSTUS, educator, au
thor, was born Feb. 3, 1840, in Germany.
For fifteen years this eminent theologian
and philologist was professor of exegesis
and dogmatics at the Moravian college
and Theological seminary of Bethlehem,
Pa., and since 1885 has been its presi
dent. He is the author of The Mission
Fields of the Moravian Church; Grammar
and Vocabulary of the Alaskan Eskimo
Language; The Theology of Peter and
Paul, and other works.
SCHULTZE, JOHN S., railroad presi
dent, was born Sept. 30, 1837, in Centre
county, Pa. Since 1818 he has been presi
dent of the Newburg, Dutchess and Con
necticut railroad.
SCHULZE, JOHN ANDREW, governor,
was born July 19, 1775, in Tulpehocken,
Pa. In 1823 he was elected governor of
Pennsylvania, serving until 1829. He died
Nov. 18. 1852, in Lancaster, Pa.
SCHUMACHER, JAMES MADISON,
banker, state senator, was born Nov. 18,
1843, in Mohawk, N. Y. For one term he
was a member of the Florida state sen
ate. In 1890-93 he was president of the
State Bankers' association; was president
of the Jacksonville and Atlantic railroad;
and was vice-president of the Maine
Street Electric railroad.
SCHUMAKER, JOHN G., lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 27, 1826, in
Claverack, N. Y. In 1856 he was elected
district attorney for Kings county; and
in 1862 and 1864 was elected corpora
tion counsel for the city of Brooklyn. In
1868 he was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-first congress; and
was also elected to the forty-third and
forty-fourth congresses as a democrat.
SCHUNEMAN, MARTIN G., congress
man. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1805 to 1807.
SCHUREMAN, JAMES, merchant, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Feb. 12, 1756, in New Brunswick, N.
J He was a delegate to the continental
congress in 1786 and 1787; was a repre
sentative in congress from New Jersey
from 1789 to 1791, and from 1797 to 1799;
and was a senator in congress from 1799
to 1801. He was again a representative
from 1813 to 1815; and was at one time
mayor of New Brunswick. He died Jan.
23, 1824. in New Brunswick, N. J.
SCHURMAN, JACOB GOULD, educa
tor, college president, author, was born
May 22, 1854, in Prince Edward Island.
For many years he was a successful Ca
nadian educator; and since 1892 has been
president of Cornell unuersity of Ithaca,
N. Y. He is the president of the Associa
tion of Colleges and Preparatory Schools
of the United States and Maryland. He
is the author of Kantian Ethics and the
Ethics of Evolution; The Ethical Import
of Darwinism; Belief in God; and Ag
nosticism and Religion.
SCHURZ, CARL, soldier, journalist,
United States senator, author, was born
March 2, 1829, near Cologne, Germany.
He emigrated to the
United States in 1852.
In 1861 he was se
eded by President
Lincoln as minister
o Spain; and was
hen appointed a
jrigadier-general of
volunteers. In 1865
and 1866 he was a
Washington corres
pondent for the New
York Tribune, and
was subsequently
connected with the press of Detroit and
St. Louis. He was elected a senator in
congress from Missouri for the term com
mencing in 1869 and ending in 1875. In
1876 he became secretary of the interior
in the cabinet of President Hayes. He
afterwards became editor of the New York
Evening Post, in which position he con
tinued until 1884. He is the author of
Speeches; Life of Henry Clay; and Abra
ham Lincoln, an essay.
SCHUSSELE, CHRISTIAN, artist, was
born April 16, 1824, in Alsace. He worked
at chromo-lithography, which he had also
followed in France, but later he devoted
himself almost entirely to painting. His
best-known works are Clear the Track;
Franklin before the Lords in Council;
Men of Progress, in Cooper institute, New
York; Zeisberger Preaching to the In
dians; The Iron-Worker and King Solo
mon; Washington at Valley Forge (1862);
and Home on Furlough, and McClellan at
Antietam. He died Aug. 20, 1879, in Mer-
chantville, N. J.
SCHUWERK, WILLIAM MARTIN,
lawyer, legislator, was born April 12, 1856,
in Cleveland, Ohio. For many years this
able lawyer was the prosecuting attorney
for Evansville, 111. He ser\ed as a mem
ber of the thirty-sixth general assembly
of the Illinois legislature.
SCHUYLER, AARON, educator, mathe
matician, author, was born Feb. 7, 1828,
in New York. He is a mathematician who
was professor in Baldwin university and
president of that institution in 1875-81,
and since 1885 a professor in Kansas Wes-
leyan university. He is the author of The
Human Soul; Higher Arithmetic; Prin
ciples of Logic; Surveying and Naviga
tion: Elements of Geometry; and Empi
rical and Rational Psychology.
SCHUYLER, ANTHONY, clergyman,
author, was born July 8, 1816, in Geneva,
N. Y. He is an episcopal clergyman, rec
tor of Grace church at Orange, N. J., from
1868, and author of Household Religion.
SCHUYLER, GEORGE LEE, author,
was born June 9, 1811, in Rhinebeck.N. Y.;
has been active in yachting matters, and
in 1882 the America's cup was returned
to him, as its sole surviving donor, by
the New York Yacht club. He has pub
lished Correspondence and Remarks upon
Bancroft's History of the Northern Cam
paigns in 1877; and the Character of
Major-General Philip Schuyler.
SCHUYLER, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
state official, author, was born Feb. 2,1810,
in Stillwater, N. Y. He was a prominent
state official of New York for many years;
and the author of Colonial New York;
and Philip Schuyler and His Family. He
died Feb. 1, 1888, in Ithaca, N. Y.
SCHUYLER, MONTGOMERY, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 9, 1814, in
New York city. He was an episcopal
clergyman of St. Louis, rector of Christ
church from 1854; and the author of The
Church: its Ministry and Worship; and
The Pioneer Church. He died in 1896.
SCHUYLER, MONTGOMERY, journal
ist, author, was born Aug. 19, 1843, in
Ithaca, N. Y. He is a journalist of New
York city on the staff of The Times; and
the author of Studies in American Archi
tecture.
SCHUYLER, PETER, soldier, mer
chant, was born Sept. 17, 1657, in Albany,
N. Y. He was a successful merchant of
Albany, and its first mayor. He died Feb.
19, 1724, in Albany, N. Y.
SCHUYLER, PHILIP, soldier, congress
man, United States senator, was born Nov.
22, 1733, in Albany, N. Y. He was ap
pointed major - gen
eral in the army of
the revolution i n
1775, and dispatched
to the fortifications
of the north of New
York, to prepare for
the invasion of Can
ada. He was a del-
e g a t e to congress
previous to the pres
ent constitution; and
was a senator of the
United States by ap
pointment from 1789 to 1791, and again
in 1797. He died Nov. 18, 1804. in Albany,
N. Y.
SCHUYLER, PHILIP J., congressman,
was born in 1768. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from 1817
to 1819. He died Feb. 21, 1835, in New
York city.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
825
SCHUYLER, RICHARD, soldier, legis
lator, was born in 1733 in Albany, N. Y.
He was a captain under Sir William John
son, and was in active public service until
the revolution. He was a general in the
patriot army, and was a legislator after
the war. He died in 1804.
SCHWARTS, JOHN, soldier, congress
man, was born Oct. 27, 1793, in Berke
county. Pa. He served as lieutenant in
the last war with Great Britain. He was
elected a representative from Pennsyl
vania to the thirty-sixth congress. He
died in July, 1860.
SCHWARTZ, JACOB, librarian, was
born March 13, 1846, in New York city.
In 1863 he entered the Apprentices' li
brary of New York, of which he became
chief librarian in 1871. The method of
management that is followed there was
devised by him. He has contributed to
the Library Journal and other periodicals.
SCHWATKA, FREDERICK, naval of
ficer, author. He was a naval officer and
explorer; and the author of In the Land
of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; Nimrod in
the North; Along Alaska's Great River;
and The Children of the Cold. He died in
1892.
SCHWEINITZ, EDMUND ALEXAN
DER, bishop, college president, author,
was born March 20, 1825, in Bethlehem,
Pa. He was a Moravian bishop in Penn
sylvania, president of the Moravian col
lege in 1867-84; and the author of The
Moravian Manual; The Moravian Episco
pate; Life of Zeisberger. the Western Pio
neer and Apostle to the Indians; Some of
the Fathers of the American Moravian
Church; History of the Church known as
the Unitas Fratrum; and Systematic Be
nevolence. He died Dec. 18, 1887, in Beth
lehem, Pa.
SCHWEINITZ, LEWIS DAVID DE,
clergyman, botanist, author, was born
Feb. 13, 1780, in Bethlehem, Pa. He was
a Moravian clergyman of Bethlehem, Pa.,
famous in his day as a botanist; and the
author of Conspectus Fungorum Lusatiae;
Synopsis Fungorum Carolinse Superioris;
Synopsis Fungorum in America; and Bo-
reali Media Digentium. He died Feb. 8,
1834, in Bethlehem, Pa.
SCHWINDT, G. E., statesman. He is
prominently identified with the education
al and business interests of Prentice, Wis.;
and has filled numerous public offices of
trust in his city, county, and state.
SCOFIELD, CYRUS INGERSON, cler
gyman, state legislator, was born Aug. 19,
1844, in Clinton, Mich. This eminent cler
gyman of the congregational church was
a pastor for twelve years in Dallas, Tex.
In 1872 he was elected a member of the
Kansas state legislature.
SCOFIELD, EDWARD, soldier, state
senator, governor, was born March 28,
1842, in Oconto, Pa. During the civil war
he served with distinction in the eleventh
Pennsylvania reserved; and received the
brevet of major. In 1886 he was elected
state senator for four years; and in 1896
was elected governor of Wisconsin.
SCOFIELD, GLENNI W., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born
March 11, 1817, in Chautauqua county, N.
Y. In 1850 and 1851 he was a member of
the Pennsylvania assembly, and from 1857
to 1859 was in the state senate. In 1861
he was appointed president judge of the
eighteenth judicial district of the state. In
1862 he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the thirty-eighth con
gress; and was re-elected to the thirty-
ninth, fortieth, forty-first, forty-second,
and forty-third congresses as a republican.
He was register of the treasury of the
United States from 1878 to 1881, when he
was appointed an associate justice of the
United States court of claims.
SCOLLARD, CLINTON, educator, au
thor, poet, was born Sept. 18, 1861, in
Clinton, N. Y. He is an educator of Clin
ton, N. Y., professor of English literature
and Anglo-Saxon at Hamilton college in
1888-96, and a well-known poet of the day.
His writings in verse include Pictures in
Song; With Reed and Lyre; Old and
New World Lyrics; Giovio and Giulia;
Songs of Sunrise Lands; Hills of Song;
Skenandoa; and A Boy's Book of Rhyme.
In prose he has published Under Summer
Skies; and On Sunny Shores.
SCOTFORD, HENRY CLINTON, cler
gyman, was born Oct. 30, 1849, in Saline,
Mich. He is the son of Rev. John Scot-
ford, a congregational minister who died
in 1881, and was the author of several
works. He received his education in the
Olivet college, from which institution he
received the degrees of A. B. and A. M.;
the degree of B. D. was conferred by the
Yale Theological seminary; and the de
gree of D. D. by the Philander Smith col
lege. This eminent minister of the con
gregational church has filled pastorates in
Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Michigan, and
is now pastor of his church in Nashua,
Iowa. While filling a pastorate in Kan
sas City he was the editor of The Church
Builder and The Christian Era.
SCOTT, ABRAHAM M., governor. He
was governor of Mississippi from 1831 to
1833.
. SCOTT, ALLEN DARLING, lawyer, ju
rist, legislator, was born Jan. 15, 1831, in
Springville, N. Y. For many years he was
a lecturer and instructor of the law school
of the Buffalo university. For two years
he was surrogate of his county, and for
two terms county judge. He served as a
state senator of the New York legislature
from the thirty-second senatorial district.
SCOTT, ANDREW, lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to Arkansas; and
in 1819 he was appointed an associate jus
tice of the United States court for that
territory.
SCOTT, AUSTIN, educator, college pres
ident, was born Aug. 10, 1848, in Maunree,
Ohio. In 1883 he was appointed professor
of history, political economy and constitu
tional law of the Rutgers college, holding
this position until 1890, when he became
president of the same college.
SCOTT, CHARLES, soldier, governor,
was born in 1733 in Cumberland county,
Va. He was appointed colonel of the
third Virginia battalion in 1776, and was
made brigadier-general in 1777. He was
governor of Kentucky from 1808 to 1812.
He died Oct. 23, 1813.
SCOTT, CHARLES, lawyer, author, was
born Nov. 12, 1811, in Knoxville, Tenn. He
was a lawyer of Jackson, Miss.; and the
author of Analogy of Ancient Craft Ma
sonry to Natural and Revealed Religion;
and The Keystone of the Masonic Arch.
He died May 30, 1861, in Jackson, Miss.
SCOTT, CHARLES, soldier, lawyer,
banker, was born Nov. 7, 1847, in Jackson,
Miss. At the age of fifteen he joined the
confederate army, and served with dis
tinction. He is one of the leading lawyers
of the south at Rosedale, Miss.; the pres
ident of the bank of Rosedale; prominent
in the public affairs of his city, county and
state; and for many years was president
of the Mississippi levee commissioners. He
is possessed of a constructive talent which
places him in the front rank of lawmak
ers; and his name has several times been
mentioned in connection with the sena-
torship of his state.
SCOTT, CHARLES FREDERICK, jour
nalist, legislator, was born Sept. 7, 1860,
near lola, Kansas. He received the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in the common
schools of his native
county, and at the
Kansas State univer
sity. Since 1892 he
has been the owner
and editor of The
Register of lola, Kan.
In 1891 he was a
member of the board
of regents of the
state university; was
president of the Kan
sas State Editorial association in 1893;
president of the Kansas State Republican
league in 1895; and a candidate for presi
dential elector in 1896. During 1892-96
he was a member of the senate of the
Kansas state legislature; and on several
important committees; and served with
distinction in that body.
- SCOTT, CHARLES L., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Jan. 23,
1827, in Richmond, Va. In 1856 he was
elected a representative from California
to the thirty-fifth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-sixth congress. He
left his seat in congress in March, 1861,
and went to Alabama, where he enlisted
in the confederate army, and was elected
major of his regiment. In 1877 he re
moved to Monroe county, Ala., and en
gaged in planting. In 1881 he resumed
the practice of his profession at Monroe-
ville, Ala.; and in 1885 was appointed
United States minister to Venezuela.
SCOTT, CHARLES WINFIELD, physi
cian, author, was born in October, 1849,
in Johnson, Vt. For many years he prac
ticed medicine in his
n;uivo town : moved
to Hartford, Conn.,
in 1876, and was there
elected a member of
the court of common
council in 1881-83. In
1883 he moved to
Kansas City, Mo.,
and was appointed
professor of anatomy
at the Kansas City
Hospital of Medicine;
and is now a promi
nent physician of Boston, Mass. In 1863,
when thirteen years of age, he enlisted
in the union army; at fourteen years of
age he was chief bugler and dispatch car
rier in the second brigade of the first di
vision second corps army of the Potomac;
was one of the youngest soldiers of the
war, and was wounded at the battle of
Cold Harbor, Va. He is the author of a
work entitled Key Notes of Health and
a Century of Life; and several medical
papers on Hygiene and Health.
SCOTT, EBEN[EZER] GREENOUGH,
author, was born in 1836 in Pennsylvania.
He is a writer of Wilkesbarre, Pa.; and
the author of Development of Constitu
tional Liberty in the English Colonies
of America; Commentaries upon the In
terstate System of Pennsylvania; and Re
construction During the Civil War in the
United States of America.
SCOTT, EDWARD, lawyer, author, was
born in 1774 in Virginia. He was a Ten
nessee lawyer, prominent in the state's
early history, who published Laws of the
State of Tennessee in 1822. He died in
1852.
SCOTT, FREDERICK R., railroad pres
ident, was born in 1830 in Ireland. Since
1873 he has been president of Richmond
and Petersburg railroad.
826
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SCOTT. GUSTAVUS, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Prince William county,
Va. He was a delegate from Maryland
to the continental congress from 1784 to
1785. He died in 1801 in Washington,
D. C.
SCOTT, GUSTAVUS HALL, naval officer,
was born June 13, 1812, in Fairfax coun
ty, Va. He served in the civil war with
distinction, attaining the rank of rear-
admiral. United States navy. He died
March 23, 1882, in Washington, D. C.
SCOTT. HARVEY D., congressman, was
born in Ohio. He removed to Indiana;
and was elected a representative from In
diana to the thirty-fourth congress.
SCOTT. HARVEY W., journalist, was
born Feb. 1, 1838, near Peoria, 111. He
received the rudiments of his education in
^^^_^_^_____ various schools in
Oregon, and gradu
ated from the Pacific
university. In 1864
he moved to Port-
<•" '7S& 4Q land, Ore., intending
to follow the profes
sion of law, but took
up writing for the
press. Since 1865 he
has been the editor
of The Oregonian.
the leading daily
newspaper of that
state. To this publication he has since
devoted his attention. He is a clear and
forcible writer, and a man of executive
ability and untiring energy.
SCOTT, HENRY LEE, soldier, author,
was born in 1814 in North Carolina. He
was an army officer who served in the
Mexican and civil wars, and was the au
thor of A Military Dictionary. He died
in 1886.
SCOTT, HUGH REID, lawyer, banker,
state senator, was born in 1855 in Rock-
ingham county, N. C. In 1878 he was
prosecuting attorney of his native county,
and during 1881-84 was a member of the
state senate of the North Carolina legis
lature. In 1885 he organized the Reids-
ville bank, and has ever since been its
president.
SCOTT, IRVING MURRAY, mechanical
engineer, was born Dec. 25, 1837, in He
bron Mills, Md. He has invented numerous
appliances connected with engines; and
also in mining machinery. He has been
president of the Mechanics' institute and
of the Art institute of San Francisco, Cal.
He is at the head of the Union Iron works,
and built the battleship Oregon.
SCOTT, JAMES, lawyer, jurist. In 1813
he was appointed an associate justice of
the United States court for the territory
of Indiana.
SCOTT. JAMES, clergyman, author, po
et, was born in 1806 in Scotland. He was
pastor at German Valley and Newark, N.
J. He published a dissertation on the ge
nius of Robert Pollok in his Life, and be
fore his death completed a narrative poem
called The Guardian Angel. He died in
1857 in Newark, N. J.
SCOTT. JAMES W., journalist, was
born June 26, 1849, in Walworth county.
He is the editor and owner of the Chicago
Evening Post.
SCOTT. JEANNE McCLAIN, editor, au
thor, was born Aug. 12, 1849. in Carthage-
on-the-Cumberland, Tenn. She attended
the Sacred Heart college of New Orleans,
and in 1863 graduated from the Huntsville
college, Alabama. She is the editor of the
Arkansas Traveler, and a contributor to
eastern and southern magazines. She is a
successful syndicate writer and the au
thor of four books.
SCOTT, JOHN, congressman, was born
in 1782 in Hanover county, Va. He was
a delegate to congress from the territory
of Missouri from 1816 to 1821; and was a
representative in congress from Missouri
from 1821 to 1827. He died in 1861 in St.
Genevieve, Mo.
SCOTT, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Hunting
don county, Penn., from 1829 to 1831.
SCOTT, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born Oct. 27, 1820, in Washington county,
Pa. He is a methodist protestant clergy
man of Cincinnati; and the author of Pul
pit Echoes; and The Land of Sojourn.
SCOTT, JOHN, lawyer, state senator,
United States senator, was born July 14,
1824, in Alexandria, Pa. He was a prose
cuting attorney from 1846 to 1849; was for
ten years solicitor for the Pennsylvania
Railroad company; and in 1862 was elect
ed to the state legislature. He was elected
a senator in congress from Pennsylvania
for the term commencing in 1869 and end
ing in 1875. He died March 22, 1889, in
Pittsburg, Pa.
SCOTT, JOHN G.. manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 26, 1819, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. In 1862 he was elected a
representative from Missouri to the thir
ty-eighth congress to fill a vacancy.
SCOTT, JOHN M., clergyman, educator,
poet, was born in 1855 in Westmoreland
county. Pa. He is a successful educator
and baptist clergyman of Sewickly, Pa.;
and the author of a number of meritorious
poems.
SCOTT, JOHN MORIN, congressman,
was born in 1730 in New York. He was
secretary of the state of New York in
1778 and 1779; and was a delegate from
New York to the continental congress
from 1780 to 1783. He died Sept. 14, 1784,
in New York.
SCOTT, JOHN MORIN, soldier, lawyer,
was horn Oct. 25, 1789, in New York city.
He was for many years a member of the
Philadelphia city councils, a delegate to
the state constitutional convention of
1837, and in 1841-44 served as mayor.
SCOTT, JOHN T., jurist, was born May
6, 1831, in Glasgow, Ky. He removed to
Terre Haute, Ind.; and in 1868 he was
elected judge of the court of common
pleas, and was again elected to the judge-
ship in 1872.
SCOTT, JOHN W., educator, clergyman,
was born Jan. 22, 1800, in Beaver county,
Pa. He graduated from the university of
Pennsylvania; taught
school for a number
of years; and during
1824-81 he filled the
chair of natural sci
ence and mathemat
ics in various insti
tutions. In 1830 he
was ordained a cler
gyman in the pres-
byterian church; and
during the Harrison
I' administration he
was a member of the
president's family at the White house. His
son, John Neal Scott, is a noted lawyer
of Port Townsend. Wash.; and his daugh
ter is the wife of ex-President Benjamin
Harrison.
SCOTT, JULIAN, artist, was born Feb.
14, 1846, in Johnson, Vt. Among his
works, mostly pictures of army life, are
Rear-Guard at White Oak Swamp, owned
by the Union League club; Battle of Ce
dar Creek, In the state-house at Montpe-
lier, Vt.; Battle of Golding's Farm; The
Recall; On Board the Hartford; and Old
Records.
SCOTT, LAWRENCE W., journalist,
clergyman, author, poet, was born May 29,
1846. in Monongalia county, Vt. In his
youth he learned the printer's trade in
Texas, and was local editor of the Daily
Leader of Covington, Ky. In 1866 he en
tered the ministry, and became somewhat
distinguished as a theological disputant.
In 1872 he returned to Texas, where he
published the Olive Branch, which was
afterward consolidated with the Southern
Christian Weekly. He is the author of
Paradox, and Other Poems, and several
prose works.
SCOTT, ORANGE, clergyman, author,
was born Feb. 13, 1800, in Brookfleld, Vt.
Besides many contributions to the press,
he was the author of An Appeal to the
Methodist Episcopal Church. He died July
31, 1847, in Newark, N. J.
SCOTT, OWEN, lawyer, journalist,
congressman, was born July 6, 1848, near
Eflingham, 111. He was elected superin
tendent of schools
t'orEffingham county,
111., and served in
that capacity eight
years; was admitted
to the bar by the
Illinois supreme
court in 1874, and
practiced law for ten
years, leaving this to
| engage in newspaper
work. He published
the Effingham Demo
crat, leaving it to be
come proprietor and manager of the
Bloomington Daily and Weekly Bulletin;
and also publishes monthly the Illinois
Freemason. He was elected city attorney
and mayor of Effingham; was deputy col
lector of internal revenue; and was elect
ed to the fifty-second congress as a demo
crat.
SCOTT, ROBERT KINGSTON, soldier,
physician, governor, was born July 8, 1826,
in Armstrong county, Pa. He was in
Sherman's operations before Atlanta, and
in the march to the sea. He was assistant
commissary from 1865 to 1868; and was
governor of South Carolina from 1868 to
1871.
SCOTT, ROBERT NICHOLSON, soldier,
author, was born Jan. 21, 1838, in Win
chester county, Tenn. He was an army
officer, in charge of the publication of war
records at Washington in 1877-87, who
published a Digest of the Military Laws of
the United States. He died March 5, 1887,
in Washington, D. C.
SCOTT, RUFUS LEONARD, lawyer,
was born March 31, 1835, in Lanesborough,
Mass. In 1861 he was admitted to the bar,
and has since con
tinued the practice of
law in the city of
New York, residing
in Brooklyn. In 1877
he was elected regis
trar of arrears for
the city of Brooklyn;
and he was instru
mental in having the
plan of advertising
the tax sales in pam
phlet form for distri
bution, with a refer
ence notice in the daily papers, instead of
advertising in detail through the press;
and this measure subsequently became a
law. He has been a member of the board
of aldermen; a member of the board of
education; was a leader in securing rapid
transit for the city; one of the promoters
and founders of the Bushwick and East
Brooklyn dispensary; and also one of the
founders of the Bushwick Savings bank.
HBRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
827
SCOTT, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1789 to 1791, and again
from 1793 to 1795.
SCOTT, THOMAS ALEXANDER, sol
dier, railroad president, was born Dec. 28,
1824, in London, Pa. He was commissioned
_ colonel of the Dis
trict of Columbia
volunteers; a few
weeks later was ap
pointed in charge of
all government rail
ways and telegraphs.
In 1861 he was ap
pointed assistant
secretary of war, and
in 1863 became colo
nel and assistant
quartermaster on the
s t a ff of General
Hooker. During 1871-72 he was president
of the Union Pacific Railway company; in
1872 was elected president of the Texas
Pacific Railway company; and in 1873 was
elected president of the Atlantic and Pa
cific Railway company. In 1874 he was
elected president of the Pennsylvania
Railroad company. He died May 21, 1881,
in Darby, Pa.
SCOTT, THOMAS FIELDING, protest-
ant episcopal bishop, was born March 12,
1807, in Iredell county, N. C. He was
elected missionary bishop of Oregon and
Washington territories, and was conse
crated in Christ church, Savannah, Ga., in
1854. He died July 14, 1867, in New York
city.
SCOTT, THOMAS GIBNEY, clergyman,
home missionary, was born Aug. 2, 1824,
in Uniontown, Pa. He received his edu
cation at the Franklin college of Ohio,
and the Theological seminary of New Al
bany, Ind. He has attained success as an
eminent clergyman and home missionary,
and has filled pastorates in Westfield, Pa.,
in Mechanicstown and Beech Springs,
Ohio; and now fills a pastorate in Cham
paign, 111.
SCOTT, THOMAS SMITH, clergyman,
was born Nov. 9, 1849, in Enon Valley,
Pa. He attended the new Lisbon High
school; the Union academy of Poland,
Ohio, and the Western Reserve college;
and subsequently studied in the Theologi
cal seminary of Auburn, and the Union
Theological seminary of Schenectady. This
eminent presbyterian clergyman has filled
pastorates in East Cleveland, Ohio; Rock-
ford, 111.; Knoxville, Tenn.; Vincennes,
Ind.; and Middletown, Ohio. He has con
tributed extensively to the New York Ob
server, New York Independent, and other
publications, principally on religious and
educational topics.
SCOTT, WALTER, author, was born
Oct. 31, 1796, in Scotland. He was one of
the founders of the Disciples or Camp-
bellites; and was the author of The Gos
pel Restored; and The Great Demonstra
tion He died April 23, 1861, in May's Lick,
Ky.
SCOTT, WALTER GAY, journalist, law
yer, was born Feb. 21, 1853, in Washing
ton, Pa. He started in life as a printer,
and became a successful journalist. He
has attained distinction as an able lawyer
of St. Johns, Ariz.; has been court com
missioner; district attorney; and filled
numerous positions of honor.
SCOTT, WILLIAM AMASA, educator,
author, was born April 17, 1862, in Clark-
son, N. Y. He has filled the chair of his
tory and political science in various insti
tutions, principally in the university of
Wisconsin. He is the author of Repudia
tion of State Debts; and various articles
on economic subjects.
SCOTT. WILLIAM ANDERSON, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born Jan.
31, 1813, in Rock Creek, Tenn. He was a
presbyterian clergyman of San Francisco,
professor in the Theological seminary
there from 1871; and the author of The
Bible and Politics; Strauss and Renan;
Daniel: a Model for Young Men; Achan
in El Dorado; The Giant Judge; The
Church in the Army; The Christ of the
Apostles' Creed; and Trade and Letters.
He died Jan. 14, 1885, in San Francisco,
Cal.
SCOTT, WILLIAM COWPER, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 13, 1817, in
Martinsburg, Va. He was pastor of several
churches in his native state till his death,
except during two years, when feeble
health compelled him to desist from
preaching, and he was occupied in teach
ing and writing for periodicals. He was
the author of a work on Genius and
Faith, or Poetry and Religion in their
Mutual Relations. He died Oct. 23, 1854,
in Bethesda, Va.
SCOTT, WILLIAM HENRY, educator,
college president, was born Sept. 14, 1840,
in Chauncey, Ohio. He filled the chair of
Greek in the Ohio university of Athens
during 1869-72, and was its president dur
ing 1872-83; and from that time until
1895 he was president of the Ohio state
university, in which he now fills the chair
of philosophy.
SCOTT, WILLIAM L., manufacturer,
congressman, was born July 2, 1828, in
Washington, D. C. He was a page in
the national house of representatives from"
1840 to 1846; and in 1848 settled at Erie,
Pa. As president or director he was in
terested in twenty-two thousand miles of
completed road, probably the largest mile
age in the management of which one man
was ever interested. He was elected mayor
of Erie in 1866, and again in 1871. In 1884
he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-ninth congress;
and re-elected to the fiftieth congress as
a democrat.
SCOTT, WINFIELD, soldier, lawyer,
author, was born June 13, 1786, in Peters
burg, Va. He joined the army in 1808;
was made lieutenant-
colonel in 1812, and
passed through the
war that ensued with
great honor to him
self and his com
pany. He was bre-
vetted major-general
in 1814, and was
made general - in -
chief of the army in
1841. He was made
lieutenant-general in
1855. He was voted
a gold medal for his service in the war
of 1812. He was a candidate for the presi
dency in 1852. He was the author of Gen
eral Regulations of the Army; System of
Infantry and Rifle Tactics; and Autobi
ography (1864). He died May 29, 1866, in
West Point, N. Y.
SCOULLER, JAMES BROWN, clergy
man author, was born July 12, 1820, near
New'ville, Pa. He is a prominent united
presbyterian clergyman; and the author
of Manual of the United Presbyterian
Church; History of the United Presbyte
rian Church; and Calvinism: its History
and Influence.
SCOVEL, SYLVESTER F., clergyman,
college president, was born Dec. 29, 1835,
in Harrison, Ohio. During 1857-83 he filled
pastorates in the presbyterian church,
when he was appointed president of
Wooster university of Ohio.
SCOVILLE, JONATHAN, manufacturer,
congressman, was born in Salisbury, Conn.
He removed to Buffalo, N. Y., in 1860, and
engaged in the manufacture of car wheels.
He was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-sixth congress to fill a
vacancy; and was re-elected to the forty-
seventh congress.
SCOVILLE, JOSEPH A., journalist, au
thor, was born in 1811 in Connecticut. He
was a journalist of New York city, clerk
of the common council, and at one period
private secretary to Calhoun. He was the
author of Adventures of Clarence Bolton,
or Life in New York; The Old Merchants
of New York; Vigor, a novel; and Ma
rion. He died in 1864.
SCRANTON, GEORGE WHITEFIELD,'
manufacturer, congressman, was born
May 11, 1811, in Madison, Conn. In 1858
he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the thirty-sixth congress;
and was re-elected to the thirty-seventh
congress. He died March 24, 1861, in
Scranton, Pa.
SCRANTON, JOSEPH A., journalist,
congressman, was born July 26, 1838, in
Madison, Conn. He was collector of in
ternal revenue from 1862 to 1866; and in
1867 founded the Scranton Republican
newspaper. He was elected a representa
tive from Pennsylvania to the forty-sev
enth congress; and re-elected to the forty-
ninth, fifty-first, fifty-third, and fifty-
fourth congresses as a republican.
SCREVEN, JAMES, soldier, was born
about 1744 in Georgia. He early espoused
the patriot cause, and in 1774 was one of
the committee that drew up articles of
association for the defense of liberty in
Georgia. He died Nov. 24, 1778, in Mid
way, Ga.
SCREVEN, JAMES PROCTOR, state
senator, railroad president, was born Oct.
11, 1799, in Bluffton, S. C. In 1855 he was
elected state senator from South Carolina
and in 1866 mayor of Savannah. He is the
president of the Savannah, Albany and
Gulf, and the Atlantic and Gulf railroads.
He died July 16, 1859.
SCREVEN, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1629 in England. He
came to this country about 1640, settled
about sixty miles north of Charleston, and
was the original proprietor of the land on
which the town of Georgetown was built.
He was the author of An Ornament for
Church Members, published after his
death. He died in 1713 in Georgetown,
S. C.
SCRIBNER, CHARLES, publisher, was
born Feb. 21, 1821, in New York city.
In 1865 he began the publication of Hours
at Home in New York city, a monthly
magazine, which in 1870 was merged in
Scribner's Monthly, under the editorship
of Josiah G. Holland, and which was pub
lished by a separate company, Scribner
and Co., with Dr. Holland and Roswell
Smith as part owners. He died Aug. 26,
1871, in Switzerland.
SCRIBNER, EUGENE D., journalist,
lawyer, orator, was born Dec. 21, 1867, in
Delafield, Wis. He received his education
in the public schools of Fulton and Sara
toga counties, N. Y. He has attained suc
cess as an able lawyer of Northville, N.
Y.; and as an orator and journalist is
well known. He is president of the North
ville Electric Light and Power company;
and is interested in various other business
enterprises. In 1894 he was a candidate
for member of the New York state assem
bly from Fulton county; and takes an
active part in the public affairs of his city,
county and state.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SCRIPTURE, EDWARD WHEELER,
scientist, author, was born in 1864 in New
Hampshire. He is a scientist, director of
the physical laboratory of Yale univer
sity; and the author of Thinking, Feeling.
Doing, a popular psychology; The New
Psychology; and Studies from the Yale
Physical Laboratory.
SCRUGGS, WILLIAM L., journalist,
lawyer, public official, was born Sept. 14,
1834. in Knoxville, Tenn. He was editor
of the Columbus Sun from 1861 to 1864;
and in 1865 became editor of the New
Era of Atlanta, Ga. In 1872 he was ap
pointed United States assessor of internal
revenue for the district of Georgia. In
1873-76 he was appointed minister of the
.United States to the United States of Co
lombia; and in 1879 was appointed United
States consul in China.
SCUDDER, ELIZA, poet, was born in
1821 in Massachusetts. She was a hymn-
writer of Massachusetts; and the author
of Hymns and Sonnets. She died in 1896.
SCUDDER, HENRY J., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1825 in Northport,
L. I. He was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-third con
gress as a republican. He died Feb. 12.
1886, in New York city.
SCUDDER, HENRY MARTYN, clergy
man, missionary, author, was born Feb.
5, 1822, in Ceylon. He was a presbyterian
clergyman and missionary, pastor in Chi
cago in 1883-87, and from 1887 a mission
ary in Japan. He published in the Tamil
language Liturgy of the Dutch Reformed
Church; The Bazaar Book; Sweet Savors
of Divine Truth; and Spiritual Teaching.
He died in 1895.
SCUDDER, HORACE ELISHA, littera
teur, author, was born Oct. 16, 1838, in
Boston, Mass. He is a Boston writer, edi
tor of The Atlantic Monthly from 1890;
and the author of Seven Little People and
Their Friends; Dream Children; Stories
from my Attic; The Dwellers in Five-
Sisters' Court; Stories and Romances;
Boston Town; Life of Noah Webster; A
History of the United States; A Short His
tory of the United States; The Book of
Fables; The Book of Folk Stories; Fables
and Folk Stories; George Washington: an
Historical Biography; Men and Letters,
a volume of essays; Childhood in Lite
rature and Art; Recollections of Samuel
Breck; and The Bodley Books, a series of
popular juveniles.
SCUDDER, ISAAC W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1818 in Elizabeth,
N. J. He was twice prosecutor of the
court of common pleas for Hudson county;
?nd was elected a representative from
New Jersey to the forty-third congress.
SCUDDER. JARED WATERBURY,
missionary, author, was born in 1830 in
Ceylon. He was ordained a missionary
to India under the reformed Dutch church,
and since 1857 has held native charges
there. He has published translations from
the Tamil of Henry M. Scudder's Spiritual
Teaching, and his Bazaar Book; and a
History of the Arcot Mission.
SCUDDER, JOHN, missionary, physi
cian, author, was born Sept. 3, 1793, in
Freehold, N. J. He was a Dutch reformed
missionary and physician in Ceylon In
1820-39; and the author of Letters from
the East; Letters to Pious Young Men;
and Promises for Passing Over Jordan.
He died Jan. 13; 1855, in Africa.
SCUDDER, JOHN A., physician, state
legislator, congressman, was born In New
Jersey. He served a number of years in
the assembly of his native state; and was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey to fill a vacancy.
SCUDDER, JOHN KING, educator, phy
sician, was born May 16, 1865, in Cincin
nati, Ohio. In 1886 he received the de
gree of B. A. from the Cincinnati univer
sity, and subsequently the degree of M. A.
from the same institution. He also studied
at the Eclectic Medical institute of Cin
cinnati, of which institution he has been
secretary since 1887; and a member of the
Ohio State Board of Medical Registration
and Examination since 1896. He is con
nected with the publishing house of the
Scudder Brothers company, medical pub
lishers and booksellers of Cincinnati,
Ohio, and the publishers of the Eclectic
Medical Journal.
SCUDDER, JOHN MILTON, physician,
author, was born Sept. 14, 1829. in Harri
son, Ohio. During 1839-43 he attended
the Miami university .of Oxford, Ohio;
and subsequently the Eclectic Medical in
stitute of Cincinnati, Ohio, from which
institution he received his medical de
gree. During 18-30-94 he was professor of
medicine; was the editor of the Eclectic
Medical Journal during 1863-94; and was
the author of the following works: Speci
fic Medication; Specific Diagnosis; Prin
ciples of Medicine; Practice of Medicine;
Materia Medica; Diseases *of Children;
Diseases of Women; Venereal; and Med
icated Inhalations. He died Feb. 17, 1894,
in Cincinnati, Ohio.
SCUDDER, MOSES LEWIS, broker, au
thor, was born in 1843 in Massachusetts.
He is a broker of Chicago; and the au
thor of Brief Honors, a romance; Almost
an Englishman; National Banking; Con
gested Prices; and The Labor Value Pro
phecy.
SCUDDER, NATHANIEL, congressman,
was born May 10, 1733, near Huntington,
N. Y. He was a delegate from New Jersey
to the continental congress from 1777 to
1779; and was one of the signers of the
articles of confederation. He died Oct. 17
1781, in Shrewsbury, N. J.
SCUDDER, SAMUEL HUBBARD, natu
ralist, author, was born in 1837 in Massa
chusetts. He is a naturalist of Cambridge;
and the author of The Butterflies of the
Eastern United States and Canada; But
terflies, their Structure, Changes, and Life
Histories; Brief Guide to the Commoner
Butterflies; The Life of a Butterfly; Frail
Children of the Air; Excursions into the
World of Butterflies; A Century of Orthop-
tera; and The Fossil Insects of North
America.
SCUDDER, TREADWELL, state legis
lator, congressman. He was for six years
a member of the New York assembly; and
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1817 to 1819.
SCUDDER, VIDA DUTTON, educator,
author, was born Dec. 15, 1861, in India.
He is an educator of Massachusetts, pro
fessor in Wellesley college; and the au
thor of How the Rain Sprites were Freed;
The Life of the Spirit in the Modern Eng
lish Poets; The Witness of Denial; and
The Prometheus Unbound of Shelley.
SCUDDER, ZENO, lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Aug. 18. 1807,
in Barnstable, Mass. He was president of
the Massachusetts senate; and was a rep
resentative in congress from Massachu
setts from 1851 to 1854. He died June 26,
1857, in Barnstable, Mass.
SCULL, EDWARD, journalist, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1818 in Pitts-
burg, Pa. He published and edited the
Somerset Herald since 1852, in Somerset,
Pa. He was elected to the fiftieth and
fifty-first congresses, and re-elected to the
fifty-second congress as a republican.
SCULLY, JOHN, college president, was
born Sept. 23, 1846, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
In 1888 he was elected president of St.
John's college Fordham, N. Y., resigning
in 1891.
SCURRY, RICHARDSON, congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was elected
a representative in congress from Texas
from 1851 to 1853.
SEABROOK, WHITEMARSH B.. state
senator, congressman, was born in 1795
in South Carolina. He served in the state
senate; was president of the State Agri
cultural society; and was governor of
South Carolina from 1848 to 1850. He died
April 16, 1855. in St. Luke's Parish, S. C.
SEABURY, GEORGE J., manufacturer,
was born Nov. 10, 1844. He will be known
in history as the father and organizer of
his branch of phar
maceutical chemis
try, chiefly for his
original work, inven
tions and improve
ments on old meth
ods. His firm have
invariably received
the highest awards
over all American
and European com
petitors, notably in
Paris, London, Vi
enna, Philadelphia,
New York, Chicago, Liverpool, Melbourne,
Montreal, and at many other world's ex
hibitions, forty-nine gold medals and spe
cial diplomas having been awarded them.
SEABURY, SAMUEL, bishop, author,
was born Nov. 30, 1729. in Groton, Conn.
He was the first protestant episcopal bish
op of Connecticut. During the early days
of the American revolution he attracted
much attention by his pamphlets signed
A. W. Farmer, which sharply criticized
the actions of the patriots. They include,
Free Thoughts on the Proceedings of the
Continental Congress; The Continental
Congress Canvassed; and View of the
Controversy between Great Britain and
her English Colonies. His sermons have
been issued in three volumes. He died
Feb. 29, 1796, in New London, Conn.
SEABURY, SAMUEL, clergyman, au
thor, was born June 9, 1801, in New Lon
don. He was an episcopal clergyman of
New York city, prominent among High
Churchmen, and professor in the General
Theological seminary. He was the author
of Continuity of the Church of England;
Mary the Virgin; Historical Sketch of
Augustine of Hippo; Supremacy of Con
science; American Slavery Justified; The
ory and Use of the Calendar; and Dis
courses on the Holy Calendar. He died
Oct. 10, 1872, in New York city.
SEABURY, WILLIAM JONES, clergy
man, educator, author, was born Jan. 25,
1837, in New York city. He is an episco
pal clergyman of New York city, rector of
the church of the Annunciation from
1868, and professor in the General semi
nary from 1873. He is the author of Sug
gestions in Aid of Devotion: and Intro
duction to the Study of Ecclesiastical Po
lity.
SEAL, RODERICK, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Harrison county, Miss.
He was a representative in the legisla
ture; and in 1875 was elected a represen
tative from Mississippi to the forty-fourth
congress.
SEALSFIELD, CHARLES, author, was
born March 3, 1793, in Moravia. He was
the author of Tokiah, or the White Rose;
The Viceroy and the Aristocrat; The
Cabin Book, or Life in Texas; and Scenes
and Adventures in Central America. He
died May 26, 1864.
HERRiNGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SEAMAN, EZRA CHAMPION, comp
troller, author, was born Oct. 14, 1805, in
Chatham, N. Y. He was the comptroller
of the treasury in 1849-53, and subsequent
ly inspector of the Michigan State pris
ons. He was the author of Essays on the
Progress of Nations; Commentaries on
the Constitution, Laws, People, and His
tory of the United States; The American
System of Government; and Views of Na
ture. He died July 1, 1880, in Ann Ar
bor, Mich.
SEAMAN, HENRY J., congressman, was
born in New York. He was a representa
tive in congress from that state from 1845
to 1847.
SEAMAN, VALENTINE, physician, au
thor, was born April 2, 1770, in Hemp-
stead, L. I. He was a once prominent phy
sician of New York city, active in intro
ducing the practice of vaccination. He
was the author of Waters of .Saratoga;
Midwife's Monitor; and On Vaccination.
He died July 3, 1817, in New York city.
SEARCH, PRESTON WILLIS, educa
tor, lecturer, was born April 10, 1853, in
Marion, Ohio. He received his education
at the university of Wooster, Ohio. In
1873-74 he was principal of Millersburg
academy of Ohio; and has since been
superintendent of public schools in West
Liberty and Sidney, Ohio; in Pueblo,
Colo.; in Los Angeles, Cal.; and since
1896 in Holyoke, Mass. He is a noted wri
ter and lecturer on Individualism in Edu
cation, of which doctrine he is the leading
exponent. He was the originator of the
Pueblo plan of individual instruction; and
is the editor of The Advance in Educa
tion.
SEARIGHT, THOMAS B., lawyer, legis
lator, author, was born Feb. 20, 1827, in
Fayette county, Pa. In 1848 he graduated
from the Washington college, and was in
timately associated with James G. Elaine
while at college. He is one of the fore
most lawyers of the east; has a large
practice in Uniontown, Pa.; has served
as a representative in both houses of the
Pennsylvania state legislature; and is the
author of The History of the National
Road; Letters on States' Rights; and va
rious other valuable contributions to his
torical literature.
SEARING, JOHN A., agriculturist, con
gressman, was born May 14, 1814, in
Queens county, N. Y. He was chosen a
representative from New York to the thir
ty-fifth congress.
SEARING. MRS. LAURA CATHERINE
[REDDEN], author, poet, was born Feb.
9, 1840, in Somerset county, Md. She is a
poet and journalist now living in Califor
nia, but from 1868-76 on the staff of The
New York Mail. She is the author of
Sounds from Secret Chambers; Poems;
Idylls of Battle; and Brother and Sister.
SEARL, FERNANDO C., lawyer, poet,
was born July 18, 1825, in Scioto county,
Ohio. He is a prominent attorney of
Portsmouth, Ohio,
^•fcs, where he has been
""%» engaged in the prac
tice of his profession
for many years, and
has filled various
*•> public positions of
trust. He has con
tributed extensively
^-.|^ both prose and verse
mm Ifete to l'H> periodical
£_j^B I press, and his poems
| have appeared in the
leading magazines of
America, and in Poets of America and oth
er standard works. He is the author of
a volume of Collected Poems.
SEARLE, ARTHUR, astronomer, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 21, 1837, in
England. He is a professor of astronomy
at Harvard university from 1887, who has
published Outlines of Astronomy.
SEARLE, GEORGE MARY, astronomer,
educator, author, was born June 27, 1839,
in England. He weht to Harvard as as
sistant in the observatory in 1866, and re
mained there until 1868, when he joined
the Paulists, and was ordained as a priest
in that community in March, 1871, having
been converted to the Roman catholic faith
in 1862. He has had charge of the science
teaching of the seminary that forms part
of the home in New York.
SEARLE, JAMES, merchant, congress
man, was born about 1730 in New York
city. He settled in Philadelphia about
1763. He signed the non-importation
agreement of 1765; was one of the man
agers of the United States lottery from
1776 to 1778. He was a delegate to the
continental congress from 1778 to 1780.
He died Aug. 7, 1797, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SEARLES, WILLIAM HENRY, civil
engineer, author, was born in 1837 in Ohio.
He is a civil engineer; and the author of
Field Engineering; and The Railroad Spi
ral.
SEARS, BARNAS, clergyman, educator,
author, was born 'Nov. 19, 1802, in San-
disfield, Mass. He was a baptist clergy
man and educator of prominence in his
day. He was professor at Newton Theo
logical seminary in 1836-48, and president
of Brown university in 1855-67. He is the
author of Life of Luther; The Ciceronian
or Prussian Mode of Instruction in Latin;
and Essays on Classical Literature. He
died July 6, 1880, in Saratoga Springs,
N. Y.
SEARS, CLINTON BROOKS, civil and
military engineer, was born June 2, 1844,
in Penn Yan, N. Y. He attended the Ohio
Wesleyan university,
and graduated from
the United States
Military academy in
1867. During the civil
war he served as a
i) volunteer, and was
in the battles of
Richmond and Per
ry ville, Ky. ; and
Stone River, Tenn.
He was color - ser
geant of the ninety-
fifth regiment Ohio
volunteer infantry in the Vicksburg cam
paign. Since his graduation in 1867 he
has been in charge of various public
works, civil and military, on the Atlantic
and Pacific coast, and in the Mississippi
valley. He is now major in the corps of
engineers of the United States army in
charge of river and harbor works, with
head-quarters at Duluth, Minn.
SEARS, EDMUND HAMILTON, clergy
man, author, poet, was born in 1810 in
Sandisfield, Mass. He was a Unitarian
clergyman and religious poet, and pastor
at Weston, Mass., in 1865-76. He wrote
the familiar Christmas hymn. Calm on the
Listening Ear of Night. Regeneration;
Foregleams and Foreshadows of Immor
tality, originally published as Athanasia;
The Fourth Gospel the Heart of Christ;
Christ in the Life; Sermons and Songs of
the Christian Life; Pictures of the Olden
Time; and That Glorious Song of Old.
He died Jan. 14, 1876, in Weston, Mass.
SEARS, EDWARD I., journalist, educa
tor, author, was born in 1819 in Ireland.
He was professor of languages in Man
hattan college. He became editor and
proprietor of the National Quarterly, a
literary magazine, in 1860, and conducted
it until his death. He published, under
the pen-name of H. E. Chevalier, Legends
of the Sea. He died Dec. 7, 1876, in New
York city.
SEARS, GEORGE W., soldier, author,
was born in 1821 in Massachusetts. He is
a writer of Wellsboro, Pa., who served in
the federal army during the civil war. He
is the author of Woodcraft; and Forest
Runes (\erse).
SEARS, ISAAC, soldier, congressman,
patriot, was born in 1729, in Norwalk,
Conn. On the passage of the stamp act
he ardently engaged in the patriot cause
and became an active member of the Sons
of Liberty. He was a member of the
provincial congress of New York in 1783
and of the assembly in the same year.
He died Oct. 28, 1786, in .China.
SEARS [JOSEPH] HAMBLEN, author,
was born in 1865 in Massachusetts. He is
a writer of New York city; and the author
of The Governments of the World To-
Day.
SEARS, ROBERT, publisher, was born
June 28, 1810, in St. John, N. B. His
books were among the first of the now
well-known class of books sold exclu
sively by suscription.
SEARS, SCHUYLER EARL, clergy
man, poet, was born April 7, 1868, in Sha
ron, Ohio. He graduated from the Bald
win university and the Drew Theological
seminary, and has received the degree of
B. A. He now fills a pastorate in the
methodist episcopal church at Perrysville,
Ohio; and is the author of more than a
hundred poems, which have appeared in
the Cle\ eland Leader, and other current
periodicals.
SEAT, WILLIAM J., business man, leg
islator, was born June 14, 1866, in Polk
county, Ore. He is a successful business
man of Vollmer, Idaho; and in 1896 was
elected a member of the Idaho state legis
lature.
SEATON, WILLIAM WINSTON, jour
nalist, public official, was born Jan. 11,
1785, in King William county, Va. He
became connected with the Register, in
Raleigh; in 1812 went to Washington
city and joined his brother-in-law in the
management of the National Intelligencer,
with which he was most honorably iden
tified until his death. He was frequently
elected mayor; was a regent of the Smith
sonian institution; in conjunction with
Mr. Gales, was one of the public printers
for very many years. He died June 16,
1866, in Washington, D, C.
SEAVER, EBENEZER, congressman,
was born in 1763. He was a member of
the state legislature from 1794 to Iau2;
was a member of the state constitutional
convention of 1820; and a representative
in congress from Massachusetts in 1803-
13. He died March 1, 1844, in Roxbury,
Mass.
SEAWELL, MOLLY ELLIOTT, author,
was born in 18 — in Virginia. She is a
Washington writer and newspaper corres
pondent; and the author of The Sprightly
Romance of Marsac; Hale Weston, a
novel; The Berkeleys and their Neigh
bors; Throckmorton; Maid Marian, and
Other Stories; Children of Destiny; Lit
tle Jarvis; Midshipman Paulding; Paul
Jones; Decatur and Somers; Through
Thick and Thin; A Strange, Sad Comedy;
and Quarterdeck and Fok'sle.
SEAWELL, WASHINGTON, soldier,
was born in 1802 in Virginia. He served
in the Florida, Mexican and civil wars;
and attained the rank of brigadier-general
in 1865.
830
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SEAY, WILLIAM A., lawyer, jurist, ed
ucator, state legislator, was born April 19,
1831, near Burkeville, Va. He was a pro
fessor in the Louisiana State Military
school; was an engineer officer in the
confederate army under General Price;
and received a majority of the votes cast
for judge of the district court in 1872,
but the returning board decided that he
was not elected. He was elected a repre
sentative to the Louisiana legislature in
1881, and again in 1884. In 1884 he was
appointed commissioner to revise the stat
ute laws of the state; and in 1885 was ap
pointed United States minister to Bolivia.
SEBASTIAN, WILLIAM KING, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, was born in
1814 in Vernon, Tenn. He was appointed
prosecuting attorney, and held the office
until 1837. He was circuit judge from 1840
to 1842; and in the latter year was ap
pointed a state supreme judge. He was a
state senator, and president of the state
senate in 1846; and was a presidential
elector in 1848. He was a United States
senator from Arkansas from 1847 to 1853;
and was re-elected for the term ending in
1859, and, in the latter year, was re-
elected for a term of six years. He was
expelled for disloyalty in 1861. He died
May 20, 1865, in Memphis, Tenn.
SECCOMB, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born April 25, 1708, in Medford, Mass.
He was a congregational minister at Har
vard, Mass., in 1733-57, and after 1763 at
Chester, Nova Scotia. He was the author
of Father Abbey's Will, a once extremely
popular piece of doggerel, which was fol
lowed by The Letter to the Widow Abbey,
He died in January, 1793, in Nova Scotia.
SECCOMB, JOSEPH, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1706 in Medford, Mass.
He was a congregational minister at
Kingston, N. H., from 1737, and author of
A Plain and Brief Rehearsal of the Oper
ations of Christ as God. He died in 1760.
SECOR, EUGENE, banker, poet, was
born in 1841 in Peekskill, N. Y. He was
chosen the first mayor of Forest City,
Iowa, and re-elected three consecutive
times. He is the author of a number of
meritorious poems.
SEDDON, JAMES ALEXANDER, law
yer, congressman, was born July 13, 1815,
in Falmouth, Va. He was elected a rep
resentative in con
gress from that state
from 1845 to 1847,
and again from 1849
to 1851. He was a
member of the con
federate government
as a representative in
congress in 1861, hav
ing previously been
a delegate to the
peace congress of
that year. In 1862 he
became the confeder
ate secretary of war. He died Aug. 19,
1S80, in Virginia.
SEDGWICK, ARTHUR GEORGE, law
yer, author, was born Oct. 6, 1844, in
New York city. He is a lawyer of New
York city; and the author of Principles
and Practices Governing the Trial of Ti
tle to Land; and Elements of Damages.
SEDGWICK, C. B., lawyer, congress
man, was born in March, 1815, in Pom-
pey, N. Y. He was elected a representa-
the from New York to the thirty-sixth
congress; and was re-elected to the thir
ty-seventh congress. In 1863 he was ap
pointed a commissioner to look after cer
tain naval affairs.
SEDGWICK, CATHARINE MARIA, au
thor, was born Dec. 28, 1789, in Stock-
bridge, Mass. She was a once famous nov
elist whose name
was for a time the
foremost among
those of American
literary women. She
was the author of
Hope Leslie; Red
wood; The New Eng
land Tale; The Trav
eler; Clarence; Le
Bossu ; The Lin-
woods; Married or
Single (1857), include
her novels. Other
works for older readers are, Letters from
Abroad; and Historical Sketches of the
Old Painters. Her juvenile moral tales, of
which Live and Let Live; Poor Rich Man
and Rich Poor Man; Means and Ends;
and Morals and Manners, are good exam
ples, are as entertaining as they were pop
ular. For a half century she was prin
cipal of a school for girls in Stockbridge,
Mass., her native town. She died July 31,
1867, near Roxbury, Mass.
SEDGWICK, MRS. ELIZABETH BUCK-
MINSTER [DWIGHT], author, was born
in 1791 in Massachusetts. She was a
teacher for many years; and the author of
Beatitudes and Pleasant Sundays; Les
sons Without Books; A Talk with My
Pupils; and Stories of the Spanish Con
quest. She died in 1864.
SEDGWICK, JOHN, soldier, was born
Sept. 13, 1813, in Cornwall, Conn. In 1837
he graduated from the United States Mili
tary academy a t
W( st Point; was ap
pointed second lieu
tenant, and was first
engaged in the Semi-
nole war. In 1846 he
entered the Mexican
war as first lieuten
ant of artillery; and
for his gallantry re
ceived the brevets of
captain and of ma
jor. In 1862 he was
made colonel of the
first regular cavalry; was commissioned
brigadier-general of the United States
volunteers; and subsequently became
major-general. He was killed in 1864 by
a bullet from a sharp-shooter. A monu
ment was erected to his memory in 1868
upon the grounds of the United States Mil
itary academy at West Point.
SEDGWICK, MRS. SUSAN LIVING
STON [RIDLEY], author, was born about
1789. She was a writer for young people;
and the author of Walter Thornley; The
Morals of Pleasure; The Young Emi
grants; Allen Prescott; and Alida. or
Town and Country. She died in 1867.
SEDGWICK, THEODORE, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, United States senator,
was born in 1746, in Hartford, Conn. He
was a zealous patriot
in the revolutionary
war; was a member
of the provincial
congress in 1785 and
1786; and was a rep
resentative in con
gress from Massa
chusetts, after the
adoption of the con
stitution, from 1789
to 1796. He was a
senator of the United
States from 1796 to
1798. In 1799 he was again a member of
the house, and was chosen speaker. From
1802 until his death he was a judge of
the supreme court of Massachusetts. He
died Jan. 24, 1813, in Boston, Mass.
SEDGWICK, THEODORE, lawyer, au
thor, was born Dec. 31, 1780, in Sheffield;
Mass. He was a lawyer of Albany, and
from 1819 a resident of Stockbridge, Mass.,
and the author of Public and Private
Economy; and Hints to My Countrymen.
He died Nov. 7, 1839, in Pittsfleld, Mass.
SEDGWICK, THEODORE, lawyer, au
thor, was born Jan. 27, 1811, in Albany,
N. Y. He was a lawyer of New York
city, and the author of Rules which Gov
ern the Interpretation and Application of
Statutory and Court Law; and Treatise on
the Measure of Damages, a work of much
importance. He died Dec. 9, 1859, in
Stockbridge, Mass.
SEDLEY, HENRY, journalist, author,
was born April 4, 1835, in Boston, Mass.
He engaged in journalism, was one of the
editors of the New York Times and the
Evening Post, and for some time was an
editor of the Commercial Advertiser. He
is the author of Dangerfield's Rest, a
Romance; and Marion Rooke, or the
Quest for Fortune.
SEDLEY, WILLIAM HENRY, actor,
was born Dec. 4, 1806, in Wales. His first
appearance in New York was at the old
Chatham street theater in 1840, when he
acted Edgar to the Lear of Junius Brutus
Booth. He also appeared acceptably as
Laertes, Gratiano, and Marc Antony. His
last professional appearance in New York
was made at the Winter garden in 1865.
He died Jan. 17, 1872, in San Francisco,
Cal.
SEELEY, ELIAS P., governor. He was
governor of New Jersey for a part of the
year 1833.
SEELEY, JOHN E., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Aug. 1, 1810, in Ovid,
N. Y. He was elected county judge and
surrogate in 1851, and served four years;
and was a presidential elector in 1860
and also in 1864. He was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the forty-
sccond congress.
SEELY, EDWARD HOWARD, author,
was born in 1856, in New York. He was a
writer of New York city, and the author of
A Lone Star Bo-peep, and Other Tales of
Texan Ranch Life; A Ranchman's Stories;
A Nymph of the West; The Jonah of
Lucky Valley, and Other Stories; and A
Border Leander. He died in 1894.
SEELYE, MRS. ELIZABETH [EG-
GLESTON], author, was born in 1858. in
Minnesota. She is a writer living at Lake
George, N. Y., and the author of The Story
of Columbus; Montezuma; Brandt and
Red Jacket; Pocahontas; Tecumseh (with
E. Egglcston); and The Story of Wash
ington.
SEELYE, JULIUS HAWTRY, clergy
man, college president, congressman, au
thor, was born Sept. 14, 1824, in Bethel,
Conn. He was ordained pastor of the
Dutch reformed church in Schenectady,
X. Y., in 1853. and remained there until
appointed professor at Amherst college in
1858; and was its president during 18'<6-
90. In 1874 he was elected a representa
tive from Massachusetts to the forty-
fourth congress. He was the author of
Natural Religion; The Way, the Truth,
and the Life; Christian Missions; and
Duty. He died in 1895.
SEELYE, LAUREMUS CLARK, clergy
man, college president, was born Sept.
20, 1837, in Bethel, Conn. For eight years
this eminent clergyman was professor of
English literature and rhetoric in Am
herst college; and since 1873 has been
president of the Smith College for Women
of Northampton, Mass.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
831
SEEMULLER, MRS. ANNIE MON-
CURE [CRANE], author, was born in
1838, in Maryland. She is a novelist of
New York city, whose somewhat striking
fictions were popular for a brief period.
She was the author of Emily Chester;
Reginald Archer; and Opportunity. She
died in 1872.
SEERLEY, HOMER H., statesman. He
is prominently identified with the educa
tional and public interests of Cedar Falls,
Iowa; and has filled several positions of
honor in his city, county and state.
SEERLEY, JOHN J., lawyer, congress
man, was born March 13, 1852, in Toulon,
111. He was city solicitor of Burlington,
Iowa, for six years; was the candidate
of the democratic party for congress in
1888; and was elected to the fifty-second
congress as a democrat.
SEGAR, JOSEPH E., state legislator,
congressman, was born June 1. 1804, in
King William county, Va. In 1836 he was
elected to the house' of delegates of Vir
ginia, and continued to serve for several
years; and was again elected to the same
position in 1848, and continued to serve
almost uninterruptedly until the state
rebelled against the union. After eastern
Virginia was restored to the federal au
thority, he was elected a representative
from Virginia to the thirty-seventh con
gress. He died in 1855.
SEGUIN, EDOUARD, physician, author,
was born Jan. 20, 1812, in France. He was
a French physician who came to the
United States in 1848 and whose specialty
was the training of idiots. Among his
many works on this and other profes
sional topics are, New Facts Concerning
Idiocy; Family Thermometer; Medical
Thermometry; and Idiocy and Its Treat
ment by the Physiological Methods. He
died Oct. 28, 1880, in New York city.
SEGUR, SETH WILLARD, clergyman,
author, was born in 1831, in Vermont.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Ohio, and subsequently of Massachusetts,
and was the author of Relation and Re
sponsibilities of Pastor and People; The
True Manhood; The Nation's Hope; and
National Blessings and Duties. He died
in 1875.
SEIDENBUSH. RUPERT, Roman cath
olic bishop, was born Oct. 30, 1830, in
Bavaria. The northern part of Minne
sota was erected into a vicariate apostolic
by a papal brief on Feb. 12, 1875, and he
was appointed its vicar apostolic, under
the title of bishop of Halia in partibus.
SEIP, THEODORE LORENZO, college
president, was born June 25, 1842, in
Easton, Pa. In 1886 he was elected pres
ident of the Muhlenberg college, Pa.,
which position he still holds.
SEISS, JOSEPH AUGUSTUS, clergy
man, author, was born March 18, 1823.
in Grace>ham, Md. He is an eminent lu-
theran clergyman of Philadelphia, pastor
of the Church of the Holy Communion,
and a voluminous writer on religious
themes. He is the author of The Gospel
in the Stars; The Miracle in Stone, a re
statement of Piazzi Smyth's famous the
ory of the Pyramid: Lectures on the Apo
calypse; Lectures on the Epistle to the
Hebrews; Luther and the Reformation;
The Lutheran Church; Recreation Songs;
Life After Death; Right Life; The Chil
dren of Silence, the Story of the Deaf;
Christ's Descent into Hell; The Last
Times; and Voices from Babylon.
SELDEN, DUDLEY, lawyer, congress
man. He was a prominent member of the
New York bar; and was a representative
in congress from New York from 1833 to
1835. He died Nov. 7, 1855, in Paris,
France.
SELDEN, HENRY ROGERS, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Oct. 14, 1805, in
Lyme, Conn. In 1862 he was appointed a
judge of the court of appeals to fill the
vacancy caused by the resignation of his
brother, and he was afterward elected for
a full term, but resigned in 1864. He pub
lished Reports, New York Court of Ap
peals, 1851-54, in six volumes. He died
Sept. 18, 1885, in Rochester, N. Y.
SELDEN, JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to Arkansas; and
in 1820 was appointed judge of the United
States court for the territory of Arkansas.
SELDEN, SAMUEL LEE, lawyer, jurist,
was born Oct. 12, 1800. in Lyme, Conn.
He began to practice law in Rochester,
N. Y., in 1825, was chancery clerk and
first judge of common pleas in Monroe
county for many years, and in 1847 was
elected justice of the supreme court. In
1856 he was elected judge of the court of
appeals, which place he resigned in 1862.
He died Sept. 20, 1876, in Rochester, N. Y.
SELFRIDGE, THOMAS OLIVER, naval
officer, was born April 24, 1804, in Boston,
Mass. He became a rear admiral on the
retired list in 1870.
SELFRIDGE, THOMAS OLIVER, naval
officer, was born Feb. 6, 1837, in Charles-
town, Mass. In 1870 he was the com
mander of the Darien exploring expedi
tion.
SELIGMAN, EDWIN ROBERT AN
DERSON, educator, author, was born in
1861, in New York. He is a professor of
political economy and finance in Colum
bia college, and the author of Chapters on
Mediee\al Guilds in England; Owen and
the Christian Socialists; Railway Tariffs;
Shifting and Incidence of Taxation; Pro
gressive Taxation in Theory and Practice;
and Essays on Taxation.
SELKIRK, EDWARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 13, 18U9, in Waterbury,
Conn. He was ordained deacon in the
protestant episcopal church, and became
priest in 1844. He was then rector of
Trinity church, Albany, N. Y., in which
he continued until 1884, when he became
rector emeritus. He has published An
Address on the Laying of the Corner-
Stone of Trinity Church; and History of
Trinity Church.
SELLERS, COLEMAN, civil engineer,
was born Jan. 28, 1827, in Philadelphia,
Pa. In 1889 he was called upon to advise
as to the development of the water power
of Niagara Falls, and chiefly upon his
advice was that work undertaken; and he
is now president and chief engineer of the
Niagara Falls Power Co. He has occu
pied the position of president of the
Franklin institute, Pa.; and of the Penn
sylvania Museum and School of Indus
trial Art.
SELLERS, JAMES P., lawyer, legis
lator, was born Jan. 12, 1849, in Decatur
county, Tenn. He has served as a mem
ber of the Arkansas state legislature for
five terms; and is well known as an able
lawyer of Perryville, Ark.
SELLERS, L. M., journalist, legislator,
was born July 2, 1848, in Franklin county,
Pa. This successful journalist of Cedar
Springs, Mich., has served as a member
of the Michigan state legislature; and was
a delegate to the republican national con
vention in 1892.
SELLSTEDT, LARS GUSTAF, artist,
was born April 30, 1819, in Sweden. He
has devoted himself chiefly to portraiture,
his works in that line including Solomon
G. Haven; George W. Clinton; and Mil-
lard Fillmore.
SELPH, E. E., lawyer, public official,
was born Dec. 3, 1860, in Salem, Ore. He
is one of the leading lawyers of Tilli-
mook, Ore.; has been mayor of that city;
city attorney; deputy district attorney;
and is now a member of the board of
trustees of McMinnville college, in which
institution he received his education.
SELVAGE, THOMAS HENRY, lawyer,
orator, was born April 22, 1857, in Orient,
Maine. In 1888 he was admitted to the
bar; and is now a prominent lawyer of
Eureka, Cal. He has been district attor
ney of Humboldt county; secretary of the
Humboldt chamber of commerce; and
took an active part as a platform speaker
during the presidential election of 1896
for McKinley and Hobart. He is an as
tute lawyer, and a prominent member in
various fraternal orders.
SELYE, LEWIS, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born July 11, 1808, in Chit-
tenango, N. Y. He became extensively en
gaged in the manufacturing business in
Rochester, N. Y. He was for seven years
the treasurer of the county; and in 1866
was elected a representative from New
York to the fortieth congress.
SEMLING, C. KNUTE, educator, jour
nalist, was born June 8, 1865, in Norway.
He has been principally engaged in edu
cational work; was professor in Druflat
college of Portland, N. D.; was editor of
the Northwest Standard at Grafton, N. D. ;
has been justice of the peace of Halsted;
and during 1892-94 was proprietor of the
Halsted Reporter. He now resides in
Gary, Minn., engaged in journalistic work.
SEMMES, ALEXANDER JENKINS,
clergyman, surgeon, author, was born Dec.
17, 1828, in Georgetown, D. C. He was a
surgeon in the confederate navy who be
came a Roman catholic clergyman, presi
dent of Pio Nono college, Macon, Ga.,
from 1886. He is the author of Medical
Sketches of Paris; Gunshot Wounds; and
Notes from a Surgical JDiary.
SEMMES, BENEDICT J., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Nov.
1, 1789, in Charles county, Md. In 1821 he
was elected to the Maryland state legisla
ture; was again elected in 1825, 1827 and
1828, and during one season was chosen
speaker of the house of delegates. In 1829
he was elected a representative in con
gress from Maryland; and was re-elected
in 1831. He again served in the state leg
islature in 1842 and 1843.
SEMMES, RAPHAEL, naval officer, au
thor, was born Sept. 27, 1809, in Charles
county, Md. He was a celebrated naval
officer in the confed
erate service during
the civil war as com
mander of the Ala
bama. He was the
author of Service
Afloat and Ashore
During the Mexican
War; Campaign of
General Scott in the
Valley of Mexico;
The Cruise of the
Alabama; and Me
moirs of Service
Afloat During the War Between the
States. He died Aug. 30, 1877, in Mobile,
Ala.
SEMMES, THOMAS JENKINS, lawyer,
jurist, was born Dec. 16, 1824, in George
town, D. C. He is a noted lawyer of New
Orleans, La.; and represented his state
in the confederate senate. During 1873-79
he filled the chair of civil law in the uni
versity of Indiana. In 1887 he was pres
ident of the American Bar association.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SEMPLE. EUGENE, lawyer, governor,
was born June 12, 1840, in Bogota, New
Granada. South America. He graduated
from the law school of the Cincinnati
university in 1863; was a practicing law
yer in Portland, Ore., in 1864; editor of
the Daily Oregon Herald in 1869; and
state printer of Oregon in 1872. He was
governor of Washington territory in 1888;
candidate of the democratic party for go\-
ernor of Washington in 1889; and harbor
line commissioner of the state in 1891.
In 1897 he became president of the Seat
tle and Lake Washington Waterway Co.
SEMPLE, JAMES, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Jan_ 5. 1798,
in Greene county, Ky. He was colonel
of an Illinois regiment in the Black Hawk
war; brigadier-general of the militia;
speaker of the house of representatives;
attorney general; chief justice of the su
preme court and senator in congress from
Illinois; and minister to New Grenada
from the United States. He took a prom
inent part in the agitation for settling
and holding the Oregon country, making
speeches in that behalf in the Mississippi
valley in 1842, and introducing, Jan. 8,
1844, in the United States senate, a reso
lution directing the president of the
United States to give notice to his Britan
nic majesty of the desire of this country
to abrogate the treaty by which the two
countries jointly occupied the Pacific coast
of America, from the Mexican province of
California to the Russian province of
Alaska. He died Dec. 20, 1866, in Elsah
Landing, 111.
SEMPLE, ROBERT, lawyer, jurist, was
born Nov. 12, 1851, in Wilkinson county.
Miss. In 1869 he graduated from the Vir
ginia Military insti
tute of Lexington,
and receh ed the de
gree of bachelor of
law from Washing
ton college in 1870.
The following year
he was admitted to
the bar; moved to
Louisiana, and began
practice at New
Rhodes, which has
since been his home.
He has been district
attorney and district judge; and has filled
various other public offices of trust and
honor. He has contributed extensively
both prose and verse to the periodical
press; and while at college was assistant
professor of languages at the Virginia
Military institute during 1869-70.
SEMPLE, ROBERT BAYLOR, clergy
man, author, was born Jan. 20, 1769. in
Virginia. He was a noted baptist clergy
man of Virginia; and the author of A
History of the Virginia Baptists; and
other works. He died Dec. 25, 1831. in
Fredericksburg, Va.
SENEFF, MICHAEL BURNS LOOR,
educator, clergyman, college president,
was born Jan. 27. 1862, in Fayette county,
Pa. Since 1895 this eminent clergyman
has been president of Westfield college,
111.
SENER, JAMES BEVERLY, journalist,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
May 18, 1837, in Fredericksburg, Va. He
was sergeant of the city of Fredericksburg
in 1863; was army correspondent of the
southern associated press with General
Lee's army during the civil war; and from
18b5 was editor of the Fredericksburg
ledger. He was elected a representative
from Virginia to the forty-third congress.
He was appointed chief justice of the su
preme court of the territory of Wyoming
In 1879.
SENEY. GEORGE EBBERT, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, author, was born May
29, 1832, in Uniontown, Pa. In 1857 he
__ was elected judge of
the common pleas
court, and served
five years. He served
as a commissioned
officer in the union
army during the
civil war. He was a
delegate to the dem
ocratic national con
vention of 1870. He
was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio
to the forty-eighth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first congresses.
In 1887 he was chairman of the democratic
state convention of Ohio. He was the
author of Seney's Code of Procedure.
SENEY. GEORGE INGRAHAM, philan
thropist, banker, was born May 12, 1826,
in Astoria, L. I. He rose from the post
of paying teller in the Metropolitan bank.
New York city, to the presidency of that
institution, holding the latter office in
1877-84. He founded the Seney scholar
ships and largely endowed Wesleyan uni
versity, and has contributed to miscel
laneous charities more than $400.000.
SENEY, JOSHUA, congressman, was
born in 1750, on eastern shore of Mary
land. He was a delegate to the conti
nental congress in 1787 and 1788; and was
a representative in congress from Mary
land from 1789 to 1792. He was presiden
tial elector in 1792. He died in 1799, in
Maryland.
SENN, NICHOLAS, physician, author,
was born Oct. 31, 1844, in Switzerland.
In 1890 .he was appointed surgeon-general
of Wisconsin; and now holds the same
position in Illinois. He is the author of
The Surgical Bacteriology; Intestinal Sur
gery; Principles of Surgery; and Syllabus
of Surgery.
SENTER, DEWITT C.. governor. He
was governor of Tennessee in 1869-71.
SENTER, ISAAC, physician, surgeon,
author, was born in 1755, in New Hamp
shire. He was a surgeon in the revolu
tionary army, and accompanied Benedict
Arnold's expedition to Quebec, an .inter
esting account of which he published in
the Bulletin of the Historical Society of
Pennsylvania. He died Dec. 20, 1799, in
Newport, R. I.
SENTER, WILLIAM T., congressman,
was bcrn in 1802, in Granger county,
Tenn. He was a representative in con
gress from Tennessee from 1843 to 1845.
He died Aug. 28, 1849.
SERFASS, TILGHMAN H., educator,
was born Aug. 17, 1855, in Gilbert, Pa.
He attended Weaversville academy, Ship-
pensburg State Normal school, and the
Muhlenburg college. For eight years he
taught in the public schools of his native
city, and for four years was vice-prin
cipal of Fain lew academy. Then for
seven years he was principal of Fairview
academy; was elected superintendent of
schools in 1893, and received the re-elec
tion in 1896.
SERGEANT, JOHN, lawyer, congress
man, was born Dec. 5, 1779. in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was elected from Pennsyl
vania a representative to congress, and
served from 1815 to 1823, from 1827 to
1829, and from 1837 to 1842. He was es
pecially famous for his part in the great
Missouri compromise in 1820. In 1832 he
was the whig candidate for vice-president,
being upon the same ticket with Henry
Clay. He died Nov. 25, 1852, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
SERGEANT, JONATHAN DICKINSON,
lawyer, congressman, was born in 1746, in
Newark, N. J. He was a member of the
continental congress in 1776 and 1777;
and took his seat a few days after the
declaration of independence. In 1777 he
became attorney-general of Pennsylvania.
He died Oct. 8, 1793, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SERGEANT, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist,
was born Jan. 14, 1782, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was a Philadelphia jurist, and
the author of Treatise on the Law of
Pennsylvania Relating to Proceedings by
Foreign Attachment; Constitutional Law;
View of the Land Laws of Pennsylvania;
and Sketch of the National Judiciary Pow
ers. He died May 8, 1860, in Philadelphia.
SERVICE, FRANCIS G., lawyer, jurist,
was born in New Jersey. He removed to
Ohio, from which state he was appointed
an associate justice for the territory of
Montana, residing at Virginia City.
SESSION, WALTER L., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in Bran
don, \t. He was commissioner of schools
for several years; was a member of the
New York assembly in 1853 and 1854; and
was a member of the state senate in 1859
and 1865. He was elected a representa
tive from New York to the forty-second
and forty-third congresses; and in 1884
was elected a representative to the forty-
ninth congress as a republican.
SESSUMS, DAVIS, bishop of Louisiana,
was born July 7, 1858, in Houston, Texas.
He is an eloquent orator, and a metaphy
sician of some note. He has published
\arious metaphysical theses, together with
some episcopal addresses, lectures and ser
mons.
SETH, JAMES, educator, author, was
btrn in 1860, in Scotland. He is a profes
sor of moral philosophy in Cornell univer
sity from 1896, and the author of A Study
of Ethical Principles.
SETON, MRS. ELIZABETH ANN
[BAYLEY], author, was born Aug. 28,
1774. in New York city. She was the
founder and first superior of the order of
Sisters of Charity in the United States.
After the death of her husband she be
came a Roman catholic, took the veil as
a sister of charity in 1809, and in 1812
founded at Emmettsburg, Md., the first
American house of the order. She was the
author of a volume entitled Memoirs of
Mrs. Seton, written by Herself: A
Fragment of Real History, which was
published in 1817. She died Jan. 4, Io21,
in Emmettsburg, Md.
SETON, ROBERT, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 28, 1839, in Italy. He is
a Roman catholic clergyman of Jersey
City, dean of the monsignori in the
United States, and the author of Memoirs,
Letters and Journal of E. Seton; and Es
says on Various Subjects, principally
Roman.
SETON, WILLIAM, naval officer, au
thor, poet, was born Jan. 28, 1835, in
New York city. He is a naval officer of
the United States, and the author of Ro
mance of the Charter Oak: The Pride of
Lexington; Rachel's Fate, and Other
Tales; The Poor Millionaire; The Sham
rock Gone West; Moida, a Tale of the
Tyrol; and The Pioneer, a poem.
SETTLE, EVAN E., lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Dec. 1, 1848,
in Frankfort, Ky. He was elected county
attorney from Owenton. Ky., in 1878, re-
elected in 1882, and again in 1886. He re
signed in 1887, and was twice elected to
the Kentucky legislature, and served in
that body in sessions of 1887-88 and 1889-
90. He was elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
833
SETTLE, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1791,
in Rockingham county, N. C. He was a
representative in the legislature of that
state in 1815, and in 1826-28; at which last
session he was speaker of the house of
commons. He was a representative in
congress from 1817 to 1821; in 1832 was
chosen judge of the superior court of law
and equity, and held the office for twenty
years. He died Aug. 5, 1857, in Rocking
ham county, N. C.
SETTLE, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, was
born Jan. 23, 1831, in Rockingham county,
N. C. In 1854 he was elected a representa
tive in the North Carolina legislature;
and was re-elected in 1856 and 1858, serv
ing as speaker of the house during his last
term. In 1859 and 1862 he was elected so
licitor of the fourth circuit, holding the
office until 1865. In the latter year was
elected a member of the state constitu
tional convention, and in the fall of the
same year was elected a state senator.
In 1868 he was elected a judge of the su
preme court of North Carolina; and in
1872 was appointed a judge of the supreme
court of North Carolina, to fill a vacancy.
In 1877 he was appointed United States
district judge for the northern district of
Florida.
SETTLE, THOMAS, lawyer, congress
man, was born March 10, 1865, in Rocking
ham county, N. C. He was nominated
by the republican party a candidate for
congress in 1892, and elected; was re-
elected to the fifty-fourth congress from
Reidsville, N. C.
SEVER, ANNE ELIZABETH PAR
SONS, benefactor, was born May 29, 1810,
in Boston, Mass. She bequeathed $100,000
to Harvard to build a hall for undergrad
uates, which should be called by her
name, and $20,000 for the purchase of
books for its library. She also willed $10,-
000 to the Boston children's hospital, and
$5,000 each to five benevolent institutions
in that city, $5,000 to the New England
historic-genealogical society, and an equal
sum to the General Theological library,
to the Boston training school for nurses,
and the Connecticut retreat for the insane.
She died Dec. 15, 1879, in Boston, Mass.
SEVERANCE, LUTHER, journalist,
state senator, congressman, was born Oct.
28, 1797, in Montague, Mass. He was the
founder of the Kennebec Journal, and ed
itor from 1825 to 1849. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Maine from
1S43 to 1847; and was frequently a mem
ber of the Maine legislature, serving five
years in the assembly and two years in
the senate. He died Jan. 25, 1855, in Au
gusta, Maine.
SEVERANCE, MARK SIBLEY, author,
was born in 1846, in Massachusetts. He
is the author of Hammersmith: his Har
vard Days, a novel.
SEVERY, MELVIN LINWOOD, dram
atist, poet, was born Aug. 5, 1863, in Mel-
rose, Mass. He is the author of a dozen
plays and a volume entitled Pleur-de-Lis.
He is also a lecturer and instructor of
oratory in Boston, Mass.
SEVIER, AMBROSE HUNDLEY, law
yer, congressman, United States senator,
was born Nov. 4, 1801, in Green county.
Tenn. He was elected a member of the
Arkansas state legislature; first in 1823
and again in 1825. From 1827 to 1836 he
was a delegate to congress from Arkan
sas; when the territory became a state,
in 1836, he was elected a senator to
congress. He died Dec. 21, 1848, in Little
Rock, Ark.
53
SEVIER, JOHN, soldier, congressman,
governor, was born in 1744, in Tennessee.
He was a representative in congress from
North Carolina in 1790 and 1791; from
1796 to 1801, and 1803 to 1809 was gov
ernor of Tennessee; and was a representa
tive in congress from Tennessee from 1811
to 1815. He was then appointed one of
the commissioners to ascertain the boun
dary line of the Creek territory. He died
Sept. 24, 1815, in Fort Decatur, I. T.
SEVIER, JOHN, pioneer, was born Sept.
23, 1745, in Rockingham county, Va. He
was a pioneer in North Carolina; and
served several terms in the legislature of
that state from Wapauga. He was also
a district judge, and filled various other
positions of honor.
SEWALL, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, was
born Oct. 7, 1735, in York, Maine. He was
representative for York in 1776; was
chosen a member of the council of Mas
sachusetts; and was appointed in 1777
a justice of the superior court. From 1789
till 1818 he was United States judge for
the district of Maine. He died Oct. 22,
1825, in York, Maine.
SEWALL, FRANK, clergyman, author,
was born in 1837, in Maine. He is a
Swedenborgian clergyman of Washington,
and the author of Moody Mike, or the
Power of Love; The Hem of His Gar
ment; The Pillow of Stones; The New
Ethics; The New Metaphysics; and An-
gelo and Ariel.
SEWALL, MRS. HARRIET [WINS-
LOW], poet, was born in 1819, in Maine.
She was a religious poet of Boston, some
of whose lyrics are found in the antho
logies. A collection of her Poems, with
Memoir by Mrs. E. Cheney, appeared in
1889. She died in 1889.
SEWALL, JOHN SMITH, clergyman,
educator, was born March 20, 1830, in
Newcastle, Maine. He was pastor of the
congregational church at Wenham, Mass.,
till 1867, when he became professor of
rhetoric and English literature at Bow-
doin. He exchanged this chair in 1875 for
that of homiletics at Bangor Theological
seminary.
SEWALL, JOSEPH ADDISON, college
president, was born in 1830, in Maine.
In 1877 he was elected the first president
of the university of Colorado, serving un
til 1888.
SEWALL, JOTHAM, clergyman, was
born Jan. 1, 1760, in York, Maine. His
ministry extended over a period of fifty
years, and in this time he preached four
and a half times on an average every
week. His field was confined chiefly to
Maine and parts of New Hampshire and
Rhode Island. He died Oct. 3, 1850, in
Chesterville, Maine.
SEWALL, MAY WRIGHT, educator,
lecturer, writer, was born May 27, 1844,
in Greenfield, Wis. She received the rudi
ments of her educa
tion in the district
schools; attended the
Tafton academy and
Northwestern uni
versity. She has
been president of the
National Council of
Women of the
United States; presi
dent of the Propy-
laeum association of
Indianapolis; and
president of the
Ramabai Circle of Indianapolis. She has
contributed to the press on historical, lit
erary and reform subjects; a large number
of pamphlets and monographs on educa
tional and reform topics; and her public
addresses have been very numerous. She
is now engaged in educational work in
Indianapolis, Ind., and has charge of the
Girls' Classical school of that city, of
which her husband was the founder.
SEWALL, RUFUS KING, lawyer, au
thor, was born Jan. 21, 1814, in Edgecomb,
Maine. He is a lawyer of Wiscasset,
Maine, and the author of Lectures on the
Holy Spirit; Sketches of St. Augustine;
and Ancient Dominions of Maine.
SEWALL, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born March 28, 1652, in England.
He was a noted jurist of Boston, best re
membered for his connection with the
Salem witchcraft trials. He was the au
thor of The Selling of Joseph; Answer to
Queries Respecting America; Accomplish
ment of Prophecies; Memorial Relating to
the Kennebec Indians; and Description of
the New Heaven. He died Jan. 1, 1730, in
Boston, Mass.
SEWALL, SAMUEL, civil engineer, in
ventor, was born in 1724, in York, Maine.
He is said to have been the first to drive
piles as a foundation for bridges, intro
ducing this device at York in 1761. In
1786 he erected the Charlestown bridge
on this plan. He died July 28, 1815, in
York, Maine.
SEWALL, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born June 1, 1785, in Marblehead,
Mass. He was pastor of the congrega
tional church at Burlington, Mass., from
1814 till his death. He was fond of anti
quarian studies, and left a History of
Woburn, Mass., from the Grant of Its
Territory to Charlestown in 1640 to 1860.
He died Feb. 18, 1868, in Burlington, Mass.
SEWALL, SAMUEL, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Dec. 11, 1757, in Bos
ton, Mass. In 1796 he was elected from
Massachusetts a representative in con
gress, serving until i800. In 1800 he was
placed upon the bench of the supreme
court of Massachusetts, and in 1813 was
appointed chief justice of that court. He
died June 8, 1814, in Wiscasset, Maine.
SEWALL, STEPHEN, lawyer, jurist,
was born Dec. 18, 1704, in Salem, Mass.
He was appointed a judge of the supreme
court of Massachusetts. In 1752 he was
made chief justice, and he served in that
capacity, and also as a member of the
council, till the close of his life. He died
Sept. 10, 1760.
SEWALL. STEPHEN, scholar, educator,
author, was born April 4, 1734, in York,
Maine. He was a Hebrew scholar, pro
fessor of Hebrew at Harvard college in
1765-85, among wihose writings are, He
brew Grammar; Scripture Account of the
Shechinah; and Carmina Sacra quae La-
tine Grseceque condidit America. He died
July 23, 1804, in Boston, Mass.
SEWALL, THEODORE LORETT, edu
cator, was born Sept. 20, 1853, in German-
town, Ohio. He received his education in
the classical and commercial academy of
Wilmington, Del.; and graduated from
Harvard in 1874, with the degree of A. B. ;
and from the Harvard Law school two
years later. The same year he opened the
Boys' Classical school at Indianapolis;
and in 1882 founded the Girls' Classical
school in the same city, of which his wife*
Mrs. May Wright Sewall, is principal.
For ten years he was secretary of the In
dianapolis Literary club, and was one year
its president. For five years he was sec
retary of the Contemporary club; founder
and secretary of the Indiana Harvard;
club; and is interested in various reforms*
civil service reform, higher education,
and in the political enfranchisement of
women.
834
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SEWARD, CLARENCE ARMSTRONG,
lawyer, was born Oct. 7, 1828, in New
York city. He was judge-advocate-gen-
eral of the state of New York in 1856-60.
After the attempted assassination of Sec
retary Seward and his son, Frederick W.,
he was appointed acting assistant secre
tary of state.
SEWARD, FREDERICK A., lawyer,
state legislator, was born in New York.
He was for several years an assistant sec
retary of the state department; in 1866
was commissioned to negotiate for the
cession of Samana Bay; and was subse
quently elected to the legislature of New
York.
SEWARD, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
journalist, lawyer, author, was born July
8, 1830, in Auburn, N. Y. He was as
sociate editor of the Albany Evening Jour
nal till 1861, when he was appointed as
sistant secretary of state, which office he
held for the eight years that his father
was secretary. He was a member of the
New York legislature in 1875. He was
assistant secretary of state again in 1877-
81. His principal publication is the Life
and Letters of his father.
SEWARD. GEORGE FREDERICK, dip
lomat, author, was born Nov. 8, 1840, in
Florida, N. Y. He was a nephew of W. H
Seward, and minister to China in 1876-80
He was the author of Chinese Immigra
tion in Its Social and Economical As
pects.
SEWARD, JAMES L., lawyer, congress
man. In 1836 he was elected to the
Georgia state legislature, serving several
years. He entered congress in 1853, as a
representative from Georgia, and contin
ued there to the close of the thirty-fifth
congress.
SEWARD, THEODORE FRELING-
HUYSEN, editor, author, was born Jan.
25, 1897, in Florida, N. Y. He received his
education in the Seward institute of his
native city; at the Normal Musical insti
tute of New York city; and in London,
England. He was for many years the
editor of the New York Musical Gazette,
and the Musical Reform; and for many
years was professor of Music Teacher's
college of New York city. He is the au
thor of The School of Life; Heaven Every
Day; and of many music books for church
and social use. He was the founder of
the Brotherhood of Christian Unity, of
Kast Orange, N. J.: and is still its man
ager.
SEWARD, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
state senator, author, was born May 16,
1801. in Florida, N. Y. In 1830 he was
elected to the state
senate for four years.
In 1834 he was an
unsuccessful candi
date for governor of
the state; in 1838
was renominated
and was elected for
two years; and was
re-elected for two
years. In 1849 he
was chosen a senator
in congress from
New York for six
years; and was re-elected in 1855, and
held the position until he became secre
tary of state, under President Lincoln, in
1861. In 1849 published the Life and Pub
lic Services of John Quincy Adams; and
his own life and collected speeches were
published in four volumes, between 1853
and 1862. He was also the author of
Orations and Speeches; Diplomatic
History of the Civil War; and Travels
Around the World. He died Oct. 10, 1872,
in Auburn, N. Y.
SEWELL, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, was born Oct. 7, 1735, in York,
Maine. He was a member of the Maine
legislature; was chosen councilor; and in
1777 was appointed a justice of the su
perior court. From 1789 to 1818 he was
judge of the United States district court
of Maine. He died Oct. 22, 1825, in York,
Maine.
SEWELL, JAMES, congressman. He
was a representative from Maryland in
the third session of the twenty-seventh
congress to fill a vacancy.
SEWELL, WILLIAM JOYCE, soldier,
United Staies senator, was born Dec. 6,
1835. in Ireland. He served in the mer-
_ chant marine for a
^HMflB l'<'w years; then went
1 to Chicago, 111., and
engaged in business.
He entered the union
army in 1861 as a
captain, and was
mustered out of ser
vice at the close of
the war as a brevet
major - general. HP
served in the state
senate of New Jer
sey nine years, three
years as president of the senate. He was
a delegate to all the republican national
conventions from 1876 to 1896; and was
elected a senator of the United States
from New Jersey for the term of six
years from March 4, 1881; and was re-
elected in 1895 for term expiring in 1901.
SEXTON, HENRY D., financier, was
born Nov. 18, 1854, in East St. Louis, 111.
He has been a successful real estate deal
er, financier, and insurance broker of East
St. Louis, 111. He is now vice-president
of the Workingmen's Banking company;
president of the Second Mutual Loan as
sociation; president of the State Savings
and Loan association; vice-president of
the East St. Louis Electric Street Rail
road company; secretary and treasurer of
the Citizens' Electric Light and Power
company; and president of the Main
Street Safe Deposit company. He is also
prominent in various other business enter
prises, and takes an active part in public
affairs.
SEXTON, JAMES A., soldier, manufac
turer, was born Jan. 5, 1844, in Chicago,
111. In 1861 he enlisted as a private sol
dier; was commis
sioned a first lieu
tenant; and partici
pated in nearly all
the campaigns of the
army of the Tennes
see. After the war
he remained two
years in Alabama;
and in 1867 returned
t o Chicago and
founded the firm of
J. A and T. 8. Sex
ton, which after the
Chicago fire was succeeded by Cribben,
Sexton and Company. This firm is still
in the business as manufacturers of stoves,
hollow-ware, and plumbers' supplies, and
has become widely known throughout the
United States. During 1889-93 he was
postmaster of Chicago. He has been a
presidential elector; a colonel in the Illi
nois national guard; and has held various
other positions of honor in his native
state. In 1898 he became grand com
mander of the Grand Army of the Re
public.
SEXTON, LEONIDAS, lawyer, congress
man, was born May 19, 1827, in Rush-
ville, Ind. He was a representative in the
Indiana state legislature in 1856; lieuten
ant-governor from 1873 to 1877; and was
elected a representative from Indiana to
the forty-fifth congress as a republican.
SEXTON, PLINY T., lawyer, banker,
was born June 12, 1840, in Palmyra, N. Y.
He is president of the First National bank
of Palmyra, of which city he was presi
dent for four years. He has been presi
dent of the board of education for six
years; and in 1890 was elected regent of
the university of the state of New York,
which is a life position.
SEYBERT, ADAM, chemist, congress
man, author, was born May 16, 1773. in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a Philadelphia
chemist; and a member of congress from
1809 to 1815, and again from 1817 to 1819.
He was the author of The Statistical An
nals of the United States. 1789-1818. It was
in a notice of this book for The Edin
burgh Review that Sydney Smith made
the famous query, Who reads an Ameri
can book? He died May 2, 1825, in Paris,
France.
SEYFFARTH, GUSTAVUS, scientist,
educator, author, was born July 13, 1796,
in Saxony. He was a German scientist
who was professor of oriental archaeology
at Leipzig university in 1825-55, and, com
ing to America in the latter year, was
professor at Concordia seminary in St
Ixniis in 1855-71. The remainder of his
life was passed in New York city. Among
his voluminous writings are, Rudimenta
Hieroglyphica; Grammatica yTCgyptiaca;
and Egyptian Theology according to a
Paris Mummy Coffin. He died Nov. 17.
1885, in New York city.
SEYMOUR, AUGUSTUS SHERRILL.
lawyer, jurist, state senator, was born
Nov. 30, 1836, in Ithaca, N. Y. He moved
to Newberne, N. C.. and was appointed
criminal judge of that city in 1868. He
was a representative in the state legisla
ture from 1868 to 1870; was a member of
the state constitutional convention of
1871; and state senator from 1872 to 1874.
He was judge of the state superior court
from 1874 to 1882; and in 1882 became
United States district judge.
SEYMOUR, CHARLES B., journalist,
author, was born in 1829 in England. In
1849 he became connected with the New
York Times, serving as musical and dra
matic editor until his death. He was cor
respondent for the Times at the Paris
exposition of 1867, where his services as
one of the American commission procured
him a medal from the emperor. He was
the author of Self-Made Men. He died
May 2, 1869, in New York city.
SEYMOUR, CHARLES W., lawyer, leg
islator, was born June 4, 1838, in Hart
ford, Ohio. In 1860 he graduated from
the Ohio Wesleyan
university, and re
ceived the degrees of
A. B. and A. M. Dur
ing 1862-64 he served
with distinction as a
member of the Ne
braska legislature.
During the civil war
he served in the
union army. For
twenty-five years he
hag been master In
chancery, and United
States commissioner for the same number
of years. He is one of the leading law
yers of the west in Nebraska City; has
been city attorney for eight years: chair
man of the republican state central com
mittee; a thirty-second degree member of
the Knight Templars; and has filled va
rious high offices in masonry and other
fraternal orders.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
833
SEYMOUR, DAVID L., state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1802 in Connec
ticut. In 1836 he was a member of the
New York state legislature; and was a
master in chancery. He was a represen
tative in congress from New York from
1843 to 1845, and from 1851 to 1853. He
died Oct. 11, 1867, in Lanesborough, Mass.
SEYMOUR, EDWARD WOODRUFF,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born Aug. 30, 1832, in Litchfield, Conn
He was a representative in the Connecti
cut state legislature in 1859, 1860, 1870,
.and 1871. In 1875 he moved to Bridge
port; and in 1876 was a state senator.
He was elected a representative from
Connecticut to the forty-eighth congress;
and was re-elected to the forty-ninth con
gress as a democrat.
SEYMOUR, GEORGE FRANKLIN,
clergyman, bishop, author, was born Jan.
5, 1829, in New York city. He was the
founder of St. Stephen's college of An-
nandale, N. Y. For many years he was
dean and professor of ecclesiastical his
tory in the General Theological seminary,
New York; he is the bishop of Spring
field, 111., to which high office he has been
elected three times. He is the author of
Modern Romanism Not Catholicity.
SEYMOUR, HENRY, merchant, state
senator, was born May 30, 1780, in Litch
field, Conn. He served in both branches
of the New York legislature, and was
mayor of Utica, canal commissioner, and
president of the Farmers' Loan and Trust
company. He died Aug. 26, 1837, in Utica,
N. Y.
SEYMOUR, HENRY WILLIAM, manu
facturer, lawyer, state senator, congress
man, was born in 1834 in Brockport, N. Y.
In 1880 he was elected to the Michigan
state house of representatives from the
Cheboygan district; was elected state sen
ator in 1882 from the thirtieth district;
and in 1886 was re-elected from the same
district. He was elected to the fiftieth
congress as a republican.
SEYMOUR, HORATIO, lawyer, state
senator, was born May 31, 1778, in Litch
field, Conn. He was a judge of probate
and a member of the council of Vermont.
He was a senator in congress from Ver
mont from 1821 to 1833.
SEYMOUR, HORATIO, lawyer, state
legislator, governor, was born May 31,
1810, in Pompey Hill, N. Y. He was a
member of the New
York state assembly
in 1841; was mayor
of Utica in 1842, and
was speaker of the
lower house of the
legislature in 1845.
He was governor
of New York from
1853 to 1855, and
from 1863 to 1865.
In 1868 he was nom
inated for the presi
dency of the United
States, but received only eighty electoral
votes, and was defeated by General Grant.
He died Feb. 12, 1886, in Utica, N. Y.
SEYMOUR, JOHN, governor. In 1703
he was appointed governor of Maryland
serving until 1709. He died July 30, 1709.
SEYMOUR, MRS. MARY (HARRISON),
author, was born Sept. 7, 1835, in Oxford,
Conn. She is a writer of Hartford whose
writings are mainly for juvenile readers.
Among them are. Mollie's Christmas
Stocking; Sunshine and Starlight; Rec
ompense; Through the Darkness; and
Ned, Nellie, and Amy.
SEYMOUR, MOSES, soldier, state legis
lator, was born July 23, 1742, in Hartford,
Conn. He held the office of town-clerk
of Litchfield for thirty-seven years con
secutively from 1789 till his death, was
elected annually to the legislature from
1795 till 1811, and was active in the af
fairs of the protestant episcopal church.
He died Sept. 17, 1826, in Litchfield, Conn.
SEYMOUR, ORIGEN STORRS, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, was
born Feb. 9, 1804, in Litchfield, Conn.
He served in the Connecticut state legis
lature, and was speaker in 1850. He was
a representative in congress from Con
necticut from 1851 to 1855, and in the lat
ter year was appointed judge of the su
perior court, holding the office until 1863.
In 1870 he was appointed a judge of the
supreme court of errors, and in 1873 was
appointed chief justice of the same. He
died Aug. 12, 1881, in Litchfield, Conn.
SEYMOUR, THOMAS DAY, educator,
author, was born in 1840 in Ohio. He is a
professor of Greek at Yale university from
1880, and the author of Homeric Vocabu
lary; School Iliad; Selected Odes of Pin
dar, with Notes; Introduction to the Lan
guage and Verse of Homer; and Homer s
Iliad.
SEYMOUR, THOMAS HART, soldier,
journalist, lawyer, jurist, congressman,
governor, was born in 1808 in Hartford,
Conn. He was a representative in con
gress from Connecticut from 1843 to 1845.
In 1846 he went to Mexico as a major of
the New England regiment. He was elect
ed governor of the state of Connecticut
in 1850, and was three times re-elected.
He was subsequently appointed minister
to Russia. He died Sept. 3, 1868, in Hart
ford, Conn.
SEYMOUR, TRUMAN, soldier, was
born Sept. 25, 1824, in Burlington, Vt. He
served with distinction in the Mexican
and civil wars, and attained the brevet
of major-general in the United States
army.
SEYMOUR, WILLIAM, state legislator,
congressman, was born in Connecticut.
He served as a member of the New York
assembly in 1832 and 1834; and was a rep
resentative in congress from 1835 to 1837.
SHACKELFORD, JAMES M., soldier,
lawyer, was born July 7, 1827, in Lincoln
county, Ky. He served in the Mexican
war as a lieutenant; and during the civil
war attained the rank of brigadier-general
of volunteers. Since 1865 he has practiced
law in Evansville, Ind., and in 1880 was a
republican presidential elector.
SHADWICK, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a member of congress from North
Carolina during the years 1796 and 1797.
SHAFER, HELEN ALMIRA, educator,
was born Sept. 23, 1839, in Newark, N. J.
In 1877 she became professor of mathe
matics at Wellesley college, near Boston,
Mass., and was made president of this in
stitution in 1888.
SHAFER, JACOB K., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Dec. 26, 1826, in
Rockingham county, Va. In 1849 he moved
to Stockton, Cal., and in 1850 was elected
district attorney. In 1852 he was elected
mayor of Stockton, and in 1853 was judge
of San Joaquin county, and continued in
office until 1862, when he removed to
Washington territory. He was elected
delegate from the territory of Washington
to the forty-first congress .as a demo
crat.
SHAFFNER, TALIAFERRO PRESTON,
inventor, author, was born in 1818 in
Smithfield, Va. He was an inventor of
note, and the author of The Telegraph
Companion; The Telegraph Manual; The
Secession War in America; History of
America; and Odd Fellowship. He died
Dec. 11, 1881, in Troy, N. Y.
SHAFROTH, JOHN F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born June 9, 1854, in Fay-
ette, Mo. He practiced law at Fayette,
Mo., until 1879, when he removed to Den
ver, Col., where he has ever since pur
sued his profession. In 1887 he was elect
ed city attorney of Denver, and was re-
elected to the same position in 1889. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth congress as
a republican, and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a silver republican.
SHAFTER, JAMES McMILLAN, law
yer, state legislator, was born May 27,
1816, in Athens, Vt. He was admitted to
the bar in 1840, practiced law in Town-
send and Burlington, Vt., served in the
legislature, and in 1842-49 was secretary
of state. Removing to Wisconsin in 1849,
he served in the legislature, was its speak
er, and in 1852 was a defeated candidate
for congress. In 1852 he removed to Cal
ifornia; served in the California senate in
1861-62, and again in 1863-64.
SHAFTER, OSCAR LOVELL, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 19, 1812, in Athens,
Vt. In 1854 he removed to California,
and practiced his profession there until
1864, when he became associate justice of
the state supreme court for a term of ten
years. He died Jan. 23, 1873, in Florence,
Italy.
SHAFTER, WILLIAM R., soldier, was
born in 1835 in Kalamazoo county, Mich.
He served in the civil war as first lieuten
ant of the seventh
Michigan infantry,
and as major and
lieutenant-colonel of
the nineteenth Mich
igan infantry. He
was engaged in a
dozen hotly contest
ed battles, and was
brevetted first as
colonel and then as
brigadier-general for
gallant and meritori
ous conduct. I n
1866 he was commissioned lieuten
ant-colonel in the regular army, and
in 1897 was commissioned brigadier-
general. During the Spanish-American
war he was in full command of the United
States forces in Cuba; and won interna
tional fame for his brilliant capture of
Santiago.
SHAKESPEARE, EDWARD ORAM,
physician, was born May 19, 1846, in Do
ver, Del. He spent six months in study
ing cholera, and made his report to con
gress. He is a member of several medi
cal societies of Philadelphia, Pa., and has
devised for clinical purposes a new oph
thalmoscope and ophthalmometer.
SHALER, ALEXANDER, soldier, en
gineer, author, was born March 19, 1827,
in Haddam, Conn. He was commissioned
brigadier-general of
volunteers in 1863,
and brevetted major-
general of volunteers
in 1865. He was
consulting engineer
to the Chicago board
of police and fire in
1874-75, being
charged with the re
organization and in
struction of the fire
department in that
city. From 1867 till
1886 he was major-general of the first div
ision of the national guard of New York,
and was an organizer and president of the
National Rifle association of the United
States. He published a Manual of Arms
for Light Infantry Using the Rifle Musket.
836
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SHALER, NATHANIEL SOUTHGATE,
geologist, educator, author, was born Feb.
22, 1841, in Newport, Ky. He is an emi
nent geologist, professor of paleontology
at Harvard university in 1868-87, and of
geology from 1887. He is the author of
Kentucky Geological Reports; Kentucky,
a Pioneer Commonwealth; The Nature of
Intellectual Property and Its Importance
to the State; The Interpretation of Na
ture; The Story of Our Continent; Illus
trations of the Earth's Surface: Glaciers
(with W. M. Davis); The United States of
America: a study of the American Com
monwealth; First Book in Geology; Na
ture and Man in America; Sea and Land:
Features of Coasts and Oceans; Aspects
of the Earth; Fossil Branchiopods of the
Ohio Valley; American Highways; and
Domesticated Animals: Their Relation to
Man.
SHALLENBERGER. WILLIAM S., sol
dier, merchant, legislator, was born Nov.
24, 1839, in Mt. Pleasant, Pa. He received
his education in the Mt. Pleasant acad
emy and the Bucknell university. Dur
ing the war he served with distinction as
adjutant in the one hundred and fortieth
regiment Pennsylvania volunteer in
fantry, and subsequently until 1876
was a successful merchant. He was
elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth
and forty-seventh congresses as a
republican. Since 1883 he has been
in the banking business; and has been
treasurer of various corporations; and
was appointed by Governor Beaver of
Pennsylvania as a member of the Lake
Erie and Ohio river ship canal. He was
a director of the chamber of commerce of
Pittsburg; vice-president of the National
Association of Manufacturers for Penn
sylvania for the first years and president
of the Pennsylvania Baptist Mission so
ciety for several years.
SHANAHAN, JEREMIAH FRANCIS,
bishop, was born July 17, 1834, in Silver
Lake, Pa. He became an eminent bishop
of the Roman catholic church in Pennsyl
vania. He died Sept. 24, 1886, in Harris-
burg, Pa.
SHANKLIN, CHARLES S., journalist,
was born Sept. 2, 1857, in Linn county,
Iowa. He attended the Cornell college of
Mount Vernon, Iowa. He is a member of
the Iowa bar, being admitted at the age
of twenty years. For four years he was
editor and proprietor of the Springville
New Era; for two years of the Cedar Rap
ids Standard; is now the editor and owner
of The Saturday Argus of Marion, Iowa;
and also editor of the political pages of
the Marion Sentinel.
SHANKLIN, GEORGE S., congressman.
He was a presidential elector in 1864, and
was elected a representative- from Ken
tucky to the thirty-ninth congress.
SHANKLIN, JOHN H., soldier, lawyer,
legislator, was born Nov. 2, 1824, in Mon
roe county, W. Va. For many years he
was engaged in edu-
— „ cational work; judge
of Grundy county,
and since 1851 has
practiced law in
Trenton, Mo. H e
served in the Mexi
can war; and in 1861
was commissioned
division inspector,
with the rank of col
onel. He served in
""' twenty-third reg
iment Missouri vol
unteer infantry; subsequently mustered in
two battalions of Missouri militia, and in
1862 helped to organize the third regiment
Missouri state militia. He was commis
sioned lieutenant-colonel; and subse
quently organized the thirtieth regiment
enrolled militia of Missouri; and was com
missioned as colonel of the same. He
was a member of the constitutional con
vention which framed the existing con
stitution of Missouri. In 1869-71 he was
president of the Chillicothe and Des
Moines City Railroad company. He is
president of the Grundy County Coal com
pany; president of the Trenton Handle
Manufacturing company; and for many
years was president of the Trenton Gas
and Electric Light company.
SHANKS, JOHN P. C., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born June 17,
1826, in Martinsburg, Va. He was elected
to the Indiana legis
lature in 1853 and
1854; and in 1860
was elected a repre
sentative from Indi
ana to the thirty-
seventh congress. He
visited the field of
Bull Run in July,
1861, as a spectator,
but became a parti
cipant. He was a
delegate to the Pitts
burgh soldiers' con
vention of 1866; and again elected to the
fortieth congress. He was re-elected to the
forty-first, forty-second, and forty-third
congresses as a republican. In 1875 he
was appointed an Indian agent.
SHANKS, WILLIAM FRANKLIN
GORE, journalist, was born April 20, 1837,
in Shelbyville, Ky. He is a journalist of
New York city, and the author of Recol
lections of Distinguished Generals; and
A Noble Treason, a tragedy.
SHANLY, CHARLES DAWSON, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born in 1811 in
Ireland. He was a journalist and verse-
writer of New York city. The Walker in
the Snow is his best-known poem. He
was the author of A Jolly Bear and His
Friends; The Monkey of Porto Bello; and
The Truant Chicken. He died in 1875.
SHANNON, JOHN PRIMROSE, lawyer,
was born Aug. 4, 1850, in Augusta, Ga.
He is one of the foremost lawyers of the
south, and is prominent in the public af
fairs of Georgia at Elberton. In 1892 he
was a democratic elector, and during 1894-
96 was grand master of the Masons of
Georgia.
SHANNON, RICHARD CUTTS, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, was born Feb.
12, 1839, in New London, Conn. He
was educated at the public schools and
at Colby university,
from which he was
graduated as a mem
ber of the class of
1862. He enlisted as
>•• a private in company
H, fifth Maine volun
teers in 1861, and
was promoted to sec
ond sergeant, and in
1861 commissioned
first lieutenant of
the same company.
In 1862 he was com
missioned captain and assistant adjutant-
general of volunteers, serving continuous
ly till the end of the war, receiving the
brevets of major and lieutenant-colonel of
volunteers. In 1871 he was appointed by
President Grant secretary of the United
States legation at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
and served until 1875, when he resigned.
In 1876 he took charge of the Botanical
Garden Railroad company, an American
enterprise in Brazil, of which he subse
quently became the vice-president and
general manager, and finally the presi
dent. In 1891 he was appointed envoy
extraordinary and minister plenipoten
tiary of the United States to the Republics
of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Salvador,
and served until 1893. He was elected to
the fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican.
SHANNON, ROBERT THOMAS, law
yer, author, was born May 5, 1860, in Perry
county, Tenn. He received his education
at the Cloverdale seminary, Vanderbilt
university, and the Cumberland univer
sity. He is a prominent lawyer of Nash
ville, Tenn., and the author of The Code
of Tennessee, Annotated; A Code Supple
ment; and is the editor of the fifth edition
of the Tennessee Form Book.
SHANNON, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio in 1826 and 1827.
SHANNON, THOMAS B., merchant,
state legislator, congressman, was born
in 1827 in Westmoreland county, Pa. From
1854 to 1861 he was engaged in merchan
dising in California. He served four ses
sions in the California legislature, and in
1863 was elected a representative from
California to the thirty-eighth congress.
SHANNON, WILSON, lawyer, congress
man, governor, was born Feb. 24, 1802, in
Belmont county, Ohio. In 1835 he was
prosecuting attorney for the state of
Ohio; was elected governor of Ohio in
1837, and again in 1842, and in 1844 was
appointed United States minister to Mex
ico. He was a representative in congress
from Ohio from 1853 to 1855, and in 1855
was appointed governor of the territory of
Kansas. He died Aug. 31, 1877, in Law
rence, Kan.
SHAPLEIGH, FRANK HENRY, artist,
was born March 7, 1842, in Boston, Mass.
He has spent his professional life in his
native city. His paintings include Ven
ice; Yosemite Valley; Mirror Lake; Cath
edral Rocks; Mount Washington; Cohas-
set Harbor; Northern Peaks; and The
White Mountains.
SHAPLEY, RUFUS EDMONDS, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 4, 1840, in Carlisle,
Pa. He is the author of The Library of
Wit and Humor; and The Overcrowding
of the Learned Professions.
SHARKEY, EMMA AUGUSTA, jour
nalist, author, was born Sept. 15, 1858, in
Rochester, N. Y. She is a successful jour
nalist and story writer; and is the author
of nearly a hundred serial stories and
novels, and over one thousand sketches;
besides numerous poems. Her writings
generally appear under the nom de
plume of E. Burke Collins. Her novels
chiefly represent life in the south, more
especially the pine woods of Louisiana,
her hitherto and also untrodden field of
literature. In 1884 she married Robert
R. Sharkey, a Mississippi cotton planter.
SHARKEY, WILLIAM LEWIS, lawyer,
jurist, governor, was born in 1797 in Mus
sel Shoals, Tenn. He was presiding judge
of the high court of
.^KjM^n^ errors in Mississippi,
and was provisional
Mti governor of Missis
sippi in 1865 and
1866. He was one of
the foremost lawyers
and jurists of his
time; was a dele
gate to all the lead
ing political conven
tions; and active in
all public affairs
which tended tp_ the
benefit of the state of Mississippi. He
died April 29, 1873, in Washington, D. C.
HER.RINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
837
SHARON, WILLIAM, United States
senator, was born Jan. 9, 1821, in Smith-
field, Ohio. On removing to Nevada he
became largely interested in mining oper
ations; the only public position of a po
litical character he ever accepted was
that of a senator in congress from Ne
vada, to which he was elected for the
term beginning in 1875 and ending in 1881.
He was largely interested in the financial
affairs of the Pacific slope, and was trus
tee of the Bank of California. He died
Nov. 13, 1885, in Smithfield, Ohio.
SHARP, JOHN T., farmer, merchant,
state senator, was born in 1852. He was
mayor of Elm City, N. C., for three years,
and in 1897 was elected a state senator.
SHARP, KATE D., poet. She is a
writer of London, Ohio, and the author of
a volume of poems entitled Eleanor's
Courtship.
SHARP, ROBERT, educator, author,
was born Oct. 24, 1852, in Lawrenceville,
Va. Since 1880 he has been professor of
Greek and English in the Tulane univer
sity of New Orleans, La. He is the au
thor of A Treatise on the Use of the In
finitive in Herodotus; and various other
works.
SHARP, SOLOMON P., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1780
in Virginia. He served a number of years
in the Kentucky state legislature, and
was attorney-general of the state. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1813 to 1817. He fell by
the hand of an assassin, while a member
of the legislature, in November, 1835.
SHARP, SOLOMON Z., college presi
dent, author, was born Dec. 21, 1835, in
Allenville, Pa. He has been state geol
ogist of Kansas, and is now the president
of McPherson college of that state. He
is the author of a work entitled History
of the Brethren.
SHARPE, GEORGE HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, was born Feb. 26,
1828, in Kingston, N. Y. He served upon
the staffs of Generals Hooker, Meade and
Grant, and was brevetted brigadier-gen
eral in 1864, and major-general in 1865.
In 1870-73 he was United States marshal
for the southern district of New York,
and took the census that demonstrated
the great election frauds of 1868 in New
York city, which led to the enforcement
of the federal election law for the first
time in 1871. He was surveyor of cus
toms for New York from 1873 till 1878.
He was a member of the assembly in
1879-83, and in 1880-81 was the speaker.
SHARPE, HORATIO, governor. In
1753 he was elected proprietary governor
of Maryland, serving until 1769.
SHARPE, PETER, state legislator, con
gressman. He was a representative in the
New York legislature from 1814 to 1820.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1821 to 1823, and in 1827
was a member of the tariff convention.
SHARPE, WILLIAM, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 13, 1742, in
Cecil county, Md. He was a delegate to
the provincial congress in 1775 and 1776;
was aide-de-camp to General Rutherford
in the Indian campaign of 1776, and was
one of the commissioners who made a
treaty with them in 1777. He was a rep
resentative from North Carolina to the
continental congress from 1779 to 1782.
He died in July, 1818, in Iredell county,
N. C.
SHARPE, WILLIAM HAMILTON,
orange grower, legislator, was born May
5, 1836, in Lowndes county, Ga. In 1866
he was a delegate to the reconstruction
convention; was a member of the state
senate of Florida during 1878-86; and was
a delegate to the interstate agricultural
convention at Atlanta, Ga. For many
years he has been chairman of the board
of county commissioners of Brevard coun
ty, Fla. ; is a successful orange grower of
Sharpes, Indian River, Fla.; and the presi
dent of the Orange Growers' association
of Indian River, at City Point, Fla.
SHARPS, CHRISTIAN, inventor, was
born in 1811 in New Jersey. His princi
pal invention was the Sharps breech-
loading rifle, and in 1854 he removed to
Hartford, Conn., to superintend the man
ufacture of this rifle. He died March 13,
1874, in Vernon, Conn.
SHARSWOOD, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born July 7, 1810, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was an eminent Philadel
phia jurist, and the author of Professional
Ethics; Popular Lectures on Common
Law; Lectures on Commercial Law; and
Sharswood's Blackstone. He died May
28, 1883, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SHARSWOOD, WILLIAM, author, was
born in 1836 in Philadelphia. He has pub
lished Studia Physica, a series of mono
graphs; Elenore, a Drama; and The Mis
cellaneous Writings of William Shars-
wood.
SHATTUC, WILLIAM B., soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born June 11,
]841, in North Hector, N. Y. He was a
commissioned officer in the union army
during the rebellion, in the army of the
frontier. For thirty years previous to
1895 he was an officer in the railway traf
fic service, and is now retired from busi
ness. He lives in Madisonville, Ohio. In
1895 he was elected one of the state sena
tors from Hamilton county to the sev
enty-second general assembly, and was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican,
SHATTUCK, AARON DRAPER, artist,
inventor, was born March 9, 1832, in
Francestown, N. H. The first picture that
he exhibited at the academy was a Study
of Grasses and Flowers. The following
year he was elected an associate, and he
became an academician in 1861. In 1867
he held the post of recording secretary.
He invented in 1883-85 a stretcher-frame
with keys, a great improvement on the
old methods of tightening canvases.
SHATTUCK, GEORGE CHEYNE, phy
sician, author, was born July 17, 1783, in
Templeton, Mass. He contributed largely
to Dartmouth college, and built its obser
vatory, which he furnished with valuable
instruments. Shattuck school, at Fari-
bault, Minn., a collegiate boarding-school
under the auspices of the protestant epis
copal church, of which Dr. Shattuck was
a liberal patron, was named for him. He
published two Boylston prize disserta
tions, entitled Structure and Physiology of
the Skin; and Causes of Biliary Secre
tions; and Yellow Fever of Gibraltar in
1828. He died March 18, 1854, in Boston,
Mass.
SHATTUCK, MRS. HARRIETTS (RO
BINSON), author, was born in 1850 in
Massachusetts. She is a writer of Mai
den, Mass., who has published The
Story of Dante's Divine Comedy; Little
Folks East and West; and Woman's Man
ual of Parliamentary Law.
SHATTUCK, JOSEPH CUMMINGS, ed
ucator, legislator, was born Feb. 28, 1835,
in Marlborough, N. H. For three terms
he was superintendent of public instruc
tion of Colorado; was professor of peda
gogics and dean of the faculty of the
university of Denver for three years;
of which institution he is now the finan
cial agent. He has served as a member
of the Colorado state legislature.
SHATTUCK, LEMUEL, state legislator,
author, was born Oct. 15, 1793, in Ashby,
Mass. He was for several years a rep
resentative in the legislature. In 1844 he
was one of the founders of the New
England Historic-Genealogical society, and
he was its vice-president for five years.
He published History of Concord, Mass.;
Vital Statistics of Boston; The Census of
Boston; Report on the Sanitary Condition
of Massachusetts; and Memorials of the
Descendants of William Shattuck. He
died Jan. 17, 1859, in Boston, Mass.
SHATTUCK, WALTER WHEELOCK,
lawyer, was born July 1, 1852, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He has been justice of the
peace, and filled various other public po
sitions of trust in Missouri. Soon after
1880 he moved to California; was editor
of a paper for ten years; and has attained
prominence as an able lawyer in that
state at Kiswich. He is also prominent in
the I. O. O. F., and other fraternal orders.
SHAVER, GEORGE FREDERICK, in
ventor, was born Nov. 4, 1855, in Ripley,
N. Y. He has recently been engaged in
the introduction of his improved mechan
ical telephone, was president of the Con
solidated Telephone company in 1883-86,
and since 1887 has been vice-president and
general manager of the Shaver corpora
tion, which has charge of that and other
of his inventions.
SHAVER, LEONIDAS, lawyer, jurist,
was an early emigrant to Utah, and in
1853 was appointed an associate justice
of the United States court for the terri
tory of Utah.
SHAW, AARON, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1811
in Orange county, N. Y. He served sev
eral terms in the state legislature. He
was elected a representative from Illinois
to the thirty-fifth congress, and served
one term; was then elected circuit judge,
and served six years. He was elected a
representative from Illinois to the forty-
eighth congress as a republican.
SHAW, ALBERT, journalist, author,
was born July 23, 1857, in New London,
Ohio. He is a journalist of New York
city, and the American editor of The Re
view of Reviews from 1891. He is the
author of Icaria, a Chapter in the His
tory of Communism; Local Government in
Illinois; Co-operation in a Western City;
Municipal Government in Great Britain;
and Municipal Government in Continental
Europe.
SHAW, ALBERT DUANE. soldier,
state legislator, was born Dec. 27, 1841, in
Lyme, N. Y. He served in the thirty-fifth
New York regiment in 1861-63, and was
elected to the legislature in 1867. He was
appointed United States consul at Toron
to, Canada, in 1868, and in 1878 promoted
to Manchester, England, where he served
till 1885.
SHAW, ANNIE CORNELIA, artist, was
born Sept. 16, 1852, in West Troy, N. Y.
She is a well-known artist of Chicago,
111.
SHAW, C. AUSTIN, artist, writer, was
born Oct. 24, 1840, in West Milton, Ohio.
He was a successful landscape painter,
in Providence, R. I., and afterward edited
a magazine entitled Language and
Thought. In 1871 he entered the signal
service, and held positions in Minnesota,
Dakota, Madison, Wis., and Erie, Pa. In
1887 he retired from public service and
devoted his time entirely to literature;
and was the author of a number of meri
torious essays, which have been a valuable
acquisition to current literature.
838
HERRIXGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SHAW, CHARLES, lawyer, author,
was born in 1782 in Bath, Maine. He was
a lawyer of Montgomery, Ala., who pub
lished A Topographical Description of
Boston from Its First Settlement. He
died in 1828, in Montgomery, Ala.
SHAW, FRANK T., lawyer, congress
man, was born Oct. 7, 1841, in Woodsbor-
ough, Md. In 1873 he was elected clerk
of the circuit court for Carroll county,
Md., for the term of six years, and was
re-elected in 1879. In 1884 he was elected
u representative from Maryland to the
forty-ninth congress, and was re-elected
to the fiftieth congress as a democrat.
SHAW, GEORGE G., lawyer, was born
Jan. 29, 1806, in Homer, La. After re
ceiving his education he taught school for
a while, and is now a prominent lawyer of
Kaufman, Texas. He is prominent in
Masonry and other fraternal orders; and
in 1896 was elected mayor of Kaufman.
SHAW, HENRY, lawyer, state legisla
tor, congressman, was born in 1788 in
Windham county, Vt. He was nominated
for congress before he was eligible, and
in 1816 was elected a representative from
Massachusetts to the sixteenth congress.
He was a member of the Massachusetts
legislature for eighteen years, and was
also a member of the governor's council.
In 1848 he moved to New York, and re
sided at Fort Washington, on the Hudson.
He was a member of the board of edu
cation in New York city, and two years
in the common council, and in 1853 was
elected a member of the New York assem
bly. He died Oct. K. 1857, in Peekskill,
N. Y.
SHAW, HENRY, philanthropist, was
born July 24, 1800, in England. In 1885
he gave to Washington university im
proved real estate that yields $r>,000 yearly
income, which was used in organizing and
maintaining a school of botany as a de
partment of the university. At the same
time the Missouri botanical garden and
arboretum were placed in such relation to
the school as to secure their full uses for
scientific study and investigation to the
professor and students for all time to
come. He died Aug. 25, 1889, in St. Louis,
Mo.
SHAW, HENRY M., soldier, physician,
state senator, congressman, was born Nov.
20, 1819, in Newport, R. I. He moved to
North Carolina, and was a state senator
in 1852. He was a representative from
North Carolina to the thirty-third and
thirty-fifth congresses. During the war of
the rebellion he served as a colonel in the
confederate army. He died in February,
1864, in Newberne, N. C.
SHAW, HENRY WHEELER— Josh
Billings — humorist, author, was born
April 21, 1818, in Lanesborough, Mass.
He was the author of Josh Bill-
ings's Sayings; Everybody's Friend;
Josh Billings's Trump Kards; and Josh
Billings's Spice Box. He died Oct. 14,
1885, in Monterey, Cal.
SHAW, JAMES DICKSON, soldier,
clergyman, journalist, was born Dec. 27,
1841. in Walker county, Texas. He served
four years as a soldier in the confederate
army, and surrendered at the close of
the war as a second lieutenant. For twelve
years he was a clergyman in the meth-
odist episcopal church south, and since
1883 has been editor of The Independent
Pulpit of Waco, Texas.
SHAW, JOHN, physician, surgeon, poet,
was born May 4, 1778, in Annapolis, Md.
II'' was a contributor to The Portfolio.
His poems, with a memoir, and extracts
from his foreign correspondence and Jour
nals, were published in 1810. He died
Jan. 10, 1809, at sea.
SHAW, JOHN G., business man, law
yer, congressman, was born Jan. 16, 1859,
near Fayetteville, N. C. He located at
Fayetteville, N. C., and was elected coun
ty attorney for Cumberland county in
1890, and held the position for four years.
He was a democratic candidate for presi
dential elector in 1892 and was elected;
and was elected to the fifty-fourth con
gress as a democrat
SHAW, LEMUEL, lawyer, jurist, was
born Jan. 9, 1781, in Barnstable, Mass. He
drafted the charter of the city of Boston,
and for twenty-seven years was one of the
corporation of Harvard college. He died
March 30, 1861, in Boston, Mass.
SHAW, LESLIE MORTIMER, lawyer,
financier, was born in 1848 in Lamoille
county, Vt. In 1869 he moved to Iowa,
taught school and
attended Cornell col
lege of Mount Ver-
non, from whch in-
4v ;i stitution he gradu-
Y J ated. He graduated
Jj in law from the
T- ^9 Iowa Law school of
^k jfl Des Moines, and in
1876 began the prac
tice of law in Derii-
son, Iowa. He is also
a successful finan
cier, owns two banks,
and has loaned over two million dollars on
Iowa farms. He has taken an active part
in the business and public affairs of his
adopted state, and in 1896 was republican
nominee for governor of that state.
SHAW, MILTON OILMAN, lumberman,
legislator, was born Dec. 31, 1820, in In
dustry, Maine. In 1841 he began life in
the lumber business at Greenville, Maine,
then almost in the heart of the pinejor-
ests of Maine; and he now owns an im
mense area of timber lands in Maine, in
cluding several townships. He has filled
different public offices, and was a mem
ber of the legislature in 1859.
SHAW, OLIVER, musician, composer,
was born in 1776. He composed Home of
My Soul, and other popular pieces of
music. He died Dec. 31, 1848, in Provi
dence, R. I.
SHAW, ROBERT GOULD, merchant,
was born June 4, 1773, in Gouldsborough.
Maine. He bequeathed over a hundred
thousand dollars to philanthropic pur
poses. He died May 3, 1853, in Boston,
Mass.
SHAW. ROBERT GOULD, soldier, was
born Oct. 10, 1837. in Boston, Mass. He
became colonel of the fifty-fourth Massa
chusetts, the first regiment of colored
troops from a free state that was mus
tered into the United States service. He
died July 18, 1863, in Fort Wagner, S. C.
SHAW. RODNEY K., soldier, lawyer,
writer, was born Dec. 13, 1829, in Copen
hagen. N. Y. He received the rudiments
of his education in
the common schools
of his native county;
attended Union aca
demy of Bellville,
A N. Y.; the Low vi lie
academy; and subse
quently graduated
from a Chautauqua
course. During the
war he served as
captain of the sixty-
third regiment, Ohio
volunteer infantry;
and was commissioner for relief of sol
dier-comrades of his county. He is one
of the foremost lawyers of Ohio at Mariet
ta; and has contributed extensively both
and verse to the periodical press.
SHAW, SAMUEL, physician, surgeon,
state legislator, congressman, was born
hi December, 1768, in Dighton, Mass. In
1799 he was returned as a member of the
Vermont legislature, and was for some
lime a member of the state council. He
was a representative in congress from
Vermont from 1808 to 1813. On his re
tirement from congress he was appointed
surgeon in the army, and removed to the
city of New York. He died Oct. 22, 1827,
in Clarendon, Vt.
SHAW, THOMAS, educator, author,
was born in 1843 in Ontario. He is a
Canadian educator, since 1893 professor
of animal husbandry at the Minnesota
agricultural experiment station, and the
author of The First Principles of Agricul
ture; and Weeds and How to Eradicate
Them.
SHAW, THOMPSON DARRAH, naval
officer, was born Aug. 20, 1801, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was retired in 1862 on his
own application, after more than forty
years' service. He was continued on spe
cial duty at New York, Philadelphia, and
Boston in 1863-67, and was promoted to
commodore on the retired list in 1867. He
died July 26, 1874, in Germantown, Pa.
SHAW, TRISTAM, congressman, was
born in 1787 in New Hampshire. He was
a representative in congress from New
Hampshire from 1839 to 1843. He died
March 14, 1843, in Exeter, N. H.
SHAW, WILLIAM SMITH, lawyer, phil
anthropist, born Aug. 12, 1778, in Haver-
hill, Mass. He was admitted to the bar in
April, 1804. and in the same year became
treasurer of the Anthology society, the
nucleus of the Boston Athenaeum. He
devoted much of his time to the collec
tion of its library, and became known as
Athenaeum Shaw. He was the first to
suggest making the library public, and
connecting with it a reading room. After
the incorporation of the institution he
\\iis its secretary and librarian till 1823,
and its secretary alone till 1824. At his
decease he left it collections of coins,
pamphlets and books to the value of $10,-
000. He died April 25, 1826, in Boston,
Mass.
SHEA, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, author,
was born June 10, 1826, in Ireland. He
was a jurist who was chief justice of the
city court of New York, and the author
of Alexander Hamilton; a Historical
Study; and Nature and Form of the Amer
ican Government.
SHEA, JOHN AUGUSTUS, journalist,
poet, was born in 1802 in Ireland. He
was an Irish verse-writer who came to
America in 1827, and was a journalist in
New York city. His writings include.
Adolph; Parnassian Wild Flowers; Rud-
deki, an Eastern Romance, in verse; and
Clontarf, a Poem. He died Aug. 15, 1845,
in New York.
SHEA, JOHN DAWSON GILMARY.
journalist, author, was born July 22, 1824,
in New York city. He was an historical
writer of note, for a number of years edi
tor of Frank Leslie's Chimney Corner,
in New York city. He was the author of
The Catholic Church in the United States;
Legendary History of Ireland; History of
Catholic Indian Missions; Discovery and
Exploration of the Mississippi Valley;
Early Voyages Up and Down the Missis
sippi; Novum Belgium, an Account of
New Netherlands, 1633-44; The Operations
of the French under De Grasse; Life of
Pius Ninth; The Catholic Church in Col
onial Days; The Catholic Hierarchy of the
United States; and Life and Times of
Archbishop Carroll. He died in 1892.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
839
SHEA, JOSEPH, college president, was
born Dec. 31, 1829, in Fordham, N. Y.
For six years he was president of St.
John's college, Fordham, N. Y. He died
Dec. 5, 1881, in New York city.
SHEAFE, JAMES, congressman, United
States senator, was born Nov. 16, 1755, in
Portsmouth, N. H. He was a representa
tive in congress from New Hampshire
from 1799 to 1801; and was a senator in
congress in 1801 and 1802, resigning June,
1802. He died Dec. 5, 1829, in Portsmouth,
N. H.
SHEAFER, PETER WENRICK, mining
engineer, was born March 31, 1819, in
Halifax, Pa. In 1848 he settled in Potts-
ville and devoted his attention to mining
engineering, and he has been specially
active in the development of the coal and
iron interests of that district. He issued
in 1875, under the auspices of the Pennsyl
vania Historical society, a map of Penn
sylvania as it was in 1775.
SHEAFFER, SAMUEL G., lawyer, pub
lic official, was born May 13, 1841, near
Shippensburg, Pa. He received his edu
cation in the common schools and the
Shippensburg academy. He has been post
master, justice of the peace, clerk of the
courts of Ness county, police judge of
Ness city, and filled various other public
positions of honor. He is a successful
lawyer and promoter of patriotic associa
tions and public enterprises, and is adju
tant-general battalion of America.
SHEAKLEY, JAMES, public official,
"legislator, governor, was born April 24,
1830, in Sheakleyville, Pa. When nine
teen years of age he went to California,
and for three years was engaged in the
mining of gold. He then returned to
Sheakleyville and bought the old home
stead. He embarked in the drygoods busi
ness in Greenville, in 1860; was one of
the pioneers in the oil excitement in west
ern Pennsylvania, and for nearly twenty-
years was extensively engaged in the pro
duction and shipping of petroleum. He
served as a democrat in the forty-fourth
congress, and in 1887 was appointed by
President Cleveland as United States com
missioner of Alaska, and the educational
department made him superintendent of
schools for southeastern Alaska. In 1892
he was appointed governor of Alaska by
President Cleveland, and served in that
high office with distinction.
SHEARER, JOHN BUNYAN, clergy
man, college president, was born July 19,
1832, in Appomattox county, Va. This em
inent presbyterian clergyman and pro
fessor of biblical instruction and moral
philosophy during 1870-75 was president
of the Stewart college of Clarksville,
Tenn. For thirteen years he was presi
dent of the Southwestern Presbyterian
university; and since 1888 has been presi
dent of Davidson college, North Carolina.
SHEARMAN, THOMAS GASKELL,
lawyer, author, was born Nov. 25, 1834, in
England. He is a lawyer and political
economist of New York city, and the au
thor of Law of Practice and Pleadings;
Law of Negligence; Talks on Free Trade;
Does Protection Protect? Pauper Labor of
Europe; The Single Tax; National Taxa
tion; Henry George's Mistake; and Crook
ed Taxation.
SHEATS, CHARLES CHRISTOPHER,
state legislator, congressman, was born
April 10, 1839, in Walker county, Ala. He
was elected to the Alabama state legisj
lature in 1861; and was a presidential
elector in 1868. He was elected a repre
sentative from Alabama to the forty-third
congress. In 1875 he was appointed sixth
auditor of the United States treasury.
SHEATS, WILLIAM NICHOLAS, educa
tor, state superintendent of public instruc
tion, was born March 5, 1851, in Auburn,
Ga. He graduated from Emory college at
Oxford, Ga., in 1874. He then taught in the
Fletcher institute during 1873-74, and in
various other institutions until 1881. In
1880 he was elected superintendent of pub
lic instruction of Alachun county, and
filled that position by constant re-elec
tions until 1892, since which time he has
been state superintendent of public in
struction of Florida. In 1885 he was elect
ed a member of the state constitutional
convention, and was the author of the
article on education adopted by that body,
which laid the foundation of the state's
educational system, and placed Florida
in the lead in public education among all
of her southern sisters. His work as state
superintendent has been highly success
ful.
SHECUT, JOHN LINN^'US EDWARD
WHITRIDGE, physician, scientist, author,
was born Dec. 4, 1770, in Beaufort, S. C.
He was a once eminent physician and sci
entist of Charleston, and the author of
Flora Carolinensis; Medical and Philoso-
ophical Essays; Elements of Natural Phil
osophy; and A New Theory of the Earth.
He died in 1836 in Charleston, S. C.
SHEDD, JOEL HERBERT, civil engin
eer, author, was born May 31, 1834, in
Pepperell, Mass. He is an eminent civil
engineer of Providence, whose most im
portant professional labor is the Provi
dence waterworks. He has written a
work on Landscape Gardening, and many
important professional papers.
SHEDD, MRS. JULIA ANN (CLARK),
author, was born Aug. 8, 1834, in Newport,
Maine. She was the author of Famous
Painters and Paintings; Famous Sculp
tors and Sculpture; The Ghiberti Gates;
and Raphael: His Madonnas and Holy
Families.
SHEDD, WILLIAM GREENOUGH
THAYER, educator, clergyman, author,
was born June 21, 1820, in Acton, Mass.
He was a presbyterian clergyman of New
York city, professor in Union seminary in
186S-90, and a theologian of a very conser
vative type. He is the author of History
of Christian Doctrine; Sermons to the
Natural Man; Homiletics and Pastoral
Theology; Theological Essays; Sermons
to the Spiritual Man; Endless Punish
ment; Dogmatic Theology; The Pro-Revi
sion of the Westminster Standards; Cal
vinism Pure and Mixed; and Literary
Essays.
SHEEDY, MORGAN M., priest, writer,
was born Oct. 8, 1853, in Ireland. He was
ordained in the Pittsburg cathedral in
1876. He was imnied-
iately assigned as
professor of theology
and history in Saint
Michael's seminary,
where he continued
until the closing of
^_^^ that institution. As
>' a successful pastor
he became widely
known through his
work on educational
lines with young
men. In Pittsburg
the school, hall and free library that he
established were centers of the very best
influence felt in the whole community.
He was the founder of the Pittsburg
Polytechnic society and is a member of
the Writers' club, the Academy of Science,
the Western Pennsylvania Historical so
ciety, and other literary bodies. He has
always been one of the leaders in the
temperance movement and for four years
was the vice-president of the Catholic
Total Abstinence union of America. He
is the author of Christian Unity; and of
a work entitled Social Problems.
SHEEHAN, WILLIAM FRANCIS, lieu
tenant-governor, was born Nov. 6, 1859, in
New York. In 1892 he was elected lieu
tenant-governor of the state of New York.
SHEELEIGH, MATTHIAS, clergyman,
author, poet, was born Dec. 29, 1821, in
Charleston, Pa. Since 1860 he has edited
the Lutheran Sunday School Herald of
Fort Washington, Pa. He is the author of
American Ecclesiad; A Gettysburgiad;
Luther: a Song Tribute; Brief History of
Luther; and Outlines of Old and New
Testament History.
SHEFFER, DANIEL, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative to congress from that state from
1837 to 1839.
SHEFFEY, DANIEL, lawyer, banker,
congressman, was born in 1770 in Freder
ick, Md. He was a representative in con
gress from Virginia from 1809 to 1817
He died Dec. 3, 1830, in Augusta, Va.
SHEFFIELD, JOSEPH EARLE, mer
chant, philanthropist, was born June 19,
1793, in Southport, Conn. His donations
to Yale have been munificent. In 1860 the
name of its scientific department, which
was reorganized and placed on a firm
basis by his liberality, was changed to
the Sheffield scientific school in his honor.
Its two buildings are called respectively
Sheffield hall and North Sheffield hall. He
gave to other colleges, seminaries, and
religious institutions, and his gifts
amounted to more than $1,000,000. He
died Feb. 16, 1882, in New Haven, Conn.
SHEFFIELD, WILLIAM PAINE, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Aug. 30, 1819, on Block Island, R. I.
In 1845 he was elected, from his native
town, a member of the state assembly.
Removing his residence to Tiverton, he
was again elected to the assembly in 1849,
where he continued to serve until 1853,
when he resigned his seat, and settled in
Newport, and represented that city in the
assembly from 1857 to 1861. He was
elected a representative from Rhode Isl
and to the thirty-seventh congress, and
in 1869 was appointed one of the commis
sioners to revise the laws of Rhode Isl
and.
SHELBY, ISAAC, soldier, surveyor,
state legislator, governor, was born Dec.
11, 1750, near Hagerstown, Md. He be
came a surveyor in
western Virginia. In
1774 he was lieuten
ant in his father's
company at the bat
tle of Point Pleasant,
Va.; was a captain
in 1776; and was
made commissary in
1777. He was a
member of the legis
lature in 1779; was
commissioned a ma
jor by Governor Jef
ferson, and in 1780 was made colonel, and
defeated Major Ferguson at the battle of
King's Mountain. He was a member of
the legislature of North Carolina in 1781
and 1782. In 1788 he settled at Travelers'
Rest, Kentucky; was governor of Ken
tucky from 1792 to 1796, after its separa
tion from Virginia, and in 1813 joined
General Harrison. In 1818 he was a com
missioner, with General Jackson, to treat
with the Cherokee Indians. A county in
Kentucky and a college in Shelbyviile
were named for him. He died July 18,
1826, in Lincoln county, Ky.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SHELBY, WILLIAM R., railroad offi
cial, was born Dec. 4, 1842, in Lincoln
county, Ky. He is now vice-president and
treasurer of the Grand Rapids and Indiana
Railroad company. He has been also ex
tensively engaged in wheat raising in
the northwest, and since 1875 has man
aged the Cass farm, a portion of which is
more generally known as the great Dal-
rymple farm.
SHELDON, A. W., soldier, journalist,
Jaw.yer, jurist, was born July 18, 1842, in
Granville, Ohio. He was judge advocate
of the first division of the national guard
of the state of New York, with the rank
of colonel from 1875 to 1881. He was
judge advocate of the department of New
York, Grand Army of the Republic, in
1877 and 1878. In 1881 he moved to Balti
more, and became editor of the Baltimore
Herald. In 1883 he was appointed asso
ciate justice of the supreme court of Ari
zona territory.
SHELDON, CARLOS D., congressman.
He takes an active part in the business
and public affairs of Houghton, Mich.;
and was elected from the twelfth district
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
SHELDON, CHARLES H., soldier, gov
ernor, was born in 1840 in Johnson, Vt.
For ten years he lived in southern Illi
nois; in Kentucky three years; and in
1881 moved to Dakota. He was a member
of the territorial council of 1887; and in
1892 was elected governor.
SHELDON, CLESSON PARMENTER,
clergyman, was born May 9, 1813, in Ber-
nardston, Mass. In 1845 he graduated
from the Madison university of Hamilton,
N. Y. He became an eminent clergyman
of the baptist church; filled pastorates
in Whitesboro, Hamilton, Buffalo, and for
nineteen years in Troy, N. Y., where he
died Oct. 25, 1888.
SHELDON, DAVID NEWTON, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
June 26, 1807, in Suffleld, Conn. He was a
baptist clergyman who became a Unitarian
in 1856. He was president of Colby uni
versity in 1843-53; and the author of Sin
and Redemption.
SHELDON, EDWARD AUSTIN, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 4, 1823, in
Perry Centre, N. Y. He is a noted edu
cator of Oswego, principal of the normal
school there from 1862; and the author of
Manual of Elementary Training; and Les
sons on Objects.
SHELDON, EDWARD STEVENS, edu
cator, author, was born in 1851 in Maine.
He is a professor of Romance philology at
Harvard university from 1883; and the
author of Short German Grammar and
monographs.
SHELDON, GEORGE LAWSON, farm
er, banker, was born May 31, 1870, in
Nehawka, Neb. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the common
schools; received the degree of B. L. from
the university of Nebraska; and the de
gree of B. A. from Harvard university.
He has been a member of the republican
state committee from the fourth district
of Nebraska; is the president of the Ne
hawka bank; and was captain of com
pany A, Nebraska university cadets.
SHELDON, GEORGE WILLIAM, jour
nalist, author, was born Jan. 28, 1843,
in Summerville, S. C. He is a journalist
and art critic of New York city, now in
charge of the London office of D. Appleton
and Company, publishers. He is the au
thor of American Painters; The Story of
the Volunteer Fire Department of New
York City; Hours with Art and Artists;
Selections in Modern Art; and Recent
Ideals of American Art.
SHELDON, HENRY CLAY, educator,
clergyman, author, was born March 12,
3845, in Martinburg, N. Y. He is a meth-
odist clergyman, professor of historic
theology in Boston university from 1882.
He is the author of History of Christian
Doctrine; and History of the Christian
Church.
SHELDON, HENRY L., librarian, was
born Aug. 15, 1821, in Middlebury, Vt. He
is the founder and librarian of the Shel
don Art museum of his native city. He
was city clerk for twenty-five years, and
an expert accountant and bookkeeper.
SHELDON, LIONEL ALLEN, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, governor,
was born Aug. 30, 1829, in Otsego, N. Y.
He served one term as judge of probate
in Lorain county, Ohio. In 1861 he en
tered the volunteer army as a captain;
was soon promoted to the rank of lieuten
ant-colonel; and at the close of the war
was brevetted a brigadier-general. He
subsequently settled in New Orleans, La.,
and devoted himself to his profession. In
1868 he was elected a representative from
Louisiana to the forty-first congress; and
was re-elected to the forty-second and
forty-third congresses. In 1881 he was ap
pointed governor of the territory of New
Mexico.
SHELDON, MARY DOWNING, educat
or, author, was born Sept. 15, 1850, in Os
wego, N. Y. In 1874 she served as pro
fessor of history in Wellesley in 1876-78,
and subsequently occupied the same chair
in the state normal school, Oswego, N. Y.
She has published Studies in General His
tory; and Teacher's Manual.
SHELDON, PORTER, lawyer, congress
man, was born Sept. 29, 1831, in Victor,
N. Y. In 1862 he was a member of the
constitutional convention of Illinois; and
in 1868 was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-first congress as a
republican.
SHELDON, WILLIAM EVARTS, edu
cator, journalist, was born Oct. 22, 1832,
in Dorset, Vt. He has attained success
as an educator, and his life has been de
voted to teaching, school supervision, and
educational journalism. In 1863-64 he was
president of the Massachusetts Teachers'
association; was president of the Ameri
can Institute of Instruction in 1867; presi
dent of the National Educational associa
tion in 1887; and since 1884 has been a
member of the national council of educa
tion. He is the editor of The Journal of
Education; Current History; American
Primary Teacher; and Modern Methods;
all of which are published in Boston,
Mass.
SHELL, GEORGE W., soldier, congress
man, was born Nov. 13, 1831, in Laurens
county, S. C. He entered the confederate
army in 1861, and remained in the service
until the surrender at Appomattox. He
served as private, lieutenant, and captain.
He served as clerk of court for Laurens,
S. C., for six years; and was elected to
the fifty-second, and re-elected to the fifty-
third congress as a democrat.
SHELLABARGER, SAMUEL, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Dec. 10, 1817, in Clarke county, Ohio. He
was a member of the first legislature in
Ohio that met under the present constitu
tion, and in 1860 was elected to congress
as a republican. He took his seat in the
special session that met in accordance
with President Lincoln's call in 1861;
and served in 1861-63, in 1865-69, and in
1870-73. He was United States minister
to Portugal in 1869-70, and in 1874-75 was
one of the civil service commission.
SHELLEY, CHARLES M., soldier,
architect, congressman, was born Dec. 28,
1833, in Sullivan county, Tenn. He en
tered the confederate army in 1861, and
rose to the rank of brigadier-general. He
was elected a representative from Ala
bama to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth, forty-
seventh, and forty-eighth congresses. In
1885 he was appointed fourth audit
or in the United States treasury at Wash
ington.
SHELLEY, HARRY ROWE, musician,
composer, was born June 8, 1858, in New
Haven, Conn. He is a successful organist,
and the author of many pieces of church
music.
SHELTON, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
clergyman, author, poet, was born in 1814
in Jamaica, N. Y. He was an episcopal
clergyman of Carthage Landing, N. Y.,
who wrote in both prose and verse a num
ber of humorous and satirical books. He
was the author of The Trollopiad, or the
Traveling Gentleman in America; The
Rector of St. Bardolph's; Peeps from the
Belfry, or the Parish Sketch-Book; Sa-
lander and the Dragon, a romance; Up
the River, a collection of rural sketches;
Chrystalline, a romance; The Gold Mania;
and Use and Abuse of Reason. He died
June 20, 1881, in Carthage Landing, N. Y.
SHELTON, WILLIAM HENRY, soldier,
artist, author, was born Sept. 4, 1840, in
Allen's Hill, N. Y. He served as a sol
dier during the civil war and was pro
moted to lieutenant. He is probably best
known as the author of A Man Without a
Memory, published in Scribner's. He is
also the author of Capture and Escape,
which is a true narrative of his personal
experiences as a federal artilleryman.
SHEPARD, CHARLES B., congressman,
was born Dec. 5, 1807, in Newberne, N. C.
He was elected to congress from North
Carolina in 1837, where he continued to
serve until 1841. He died in October, 1843.
SHEPARD, CHARLES UPHAM, edu
cator, geologist, author, was born June
29, 1804, in Little Compton, R. I. He was
a geologist, professor of geology at Am-
herst college, who published a valuable
Report on the Geology of Connecticut.
He died May 1, 1886, in Charleston, S. C.
SHEPARD, CHARLES UPHAM, chem
ist, was born Oct. 4, 1842, in New Haven,
Conn. In 1887 he presented the second
cabinet of minerals that was left by his
father, numbering more than ten thou
sand specimens, to the collection of Am-
herst; and his cabinet of two hundred dif
ferent meteorites has been deposited in
the United States National museum of
Washington, D. C.
SHEPARD, EDWARD MORSE, lawyer,
author, was born in 1850 in New York.
He is a lawyer of Brooklyn; and the au
thor of a Life of Martin Van Buren.
SHEPARD, ELIHU HOTCHKISS, edu
cator, author, was born in 1795 in Ver
mont. He was an educator of St. Louis;
and the author of Autobiography; and
Early History of St. Louis and Missouri.
He died in 1876.
SHEPARD, ELLIOTT FITCH, soldier,
lawyer, journalist, was born July 25, 1833,
in Jamestown, N. Y. He was instrument
al in raising the fifty-first New York
regiment, which was named for him the
Shepard rifles. He was the founder of the
New York State Bar association in 1876,
which has formed the model for the or
ganization of similar associations in other
states. In 1888 he purchased the New
York Mail and Express.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
841.
SHEPARD, GEORGE BOHAN, lawyer,
inventor, was born Sept. 23, 1847, in Og-
densburg, N. Y. He received his rudi
mentary education
in the public schools
of that city, and the
higher branches at
fe^^ private institutions
there. In 1862 he be
gan the study of law
and was admitted to
the bar in 1869; and
since that time he
has never discon
tinued practice,
though his other
undertakings have
interfered with active litigation. From
1873 he served two terms as clerk of surro
gate's court of St. Lawrence county, and
on Dec. 17, 1879, was appointed United
States deputy collector of internal rev
enue for St. Lawrence and Franklin coun
ties, serving as such until the office was
filled by the incoming of the democratic
administration. He introduced the elec
tric telephone in his native county, build
ing several local exchanges and the con
necting county lines. He inherits a na
tural taste for mechanics, and is a direct
lineal descendant from Hezekiah Hunting-
ton of Windham, Conn., who manufac
tured the first guns made in America, and
who was appointed by Gen. Washington
repairer of arms for the continental army.
He also numbers among his ancestors
•Gov. Bradford of Plymouth colony. Mr.
Shepard has made a number of useful in
ventions, including early improvements
in the typewriter and copygraph; and he
has recently perfected a successful rotary
engine. He is at present engaged upon
an improved machine to furnish stereo
type plates for printing, which prom
ises a revolution in that art; and still re
sides in the place of his nativity.
SHEPARD, IRWIN, soldier, educator,
college president, was born July 5, 1843,
in Skaneateles, N. Y. He served three
years during the civil war in the ninth
army corps. Since 1879 he has been presi
dent of the state normal school of Win-
ona, Minn.
SHEPARD, ISAAC FITZGERALD, sol
dier, author, was born July 7, 1816, in
Natick, Mass. He was a federal officer in
the civil war who was consul at Swatow
and Hankow in 1874-80; and the author
of Pebbles from Castalia; Poetry of Feel
ing; Scenes and Songs of Social Life;
•and Household Tales. He died in 1889.
SHEPARD, LILLIE R., poet. She is a
writer of Melrose, Mass.; and the author
of a volume of poems entitled Rays of
Light.
SHEPARD, SIDNEY, manufacturer, ca
pitalist, was born Sept. 28, 1814, in
Coblesville, N. Y. In 1849 he became the
proprietor of the
Shepard Iron works;
which institution
also became one of
the largest importers
of tinplate, manufac
turers of stamp met-
alware, and dealers
in hardware and tin
ners' supplies in the
United States. He
was prominent in
railroad affairs, and
for many years a di
rector in the Alabama Central, the Mobile
and Ohio, and the New Jersey Central
railroaus. He steadfastly declined the
candidacy for various important public
offices. In 1885 he transferred his inter
est in the Shepard Iron works to his son,
C. Sidney Shepard of New Haven, N. Y,
SHEPARD, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 5, 1605, in England.
He was a puritan clergyman who came to
America in 1635, and from 1636 until his
death was minister of what is now the
Shepard church in Cambridge. He was
the author of New England's Lamenta
tions for Old England's Present Errours;
The Sound Beleever; The Clear Sunshine
of the Gospel; Theses Sabbaticae; Sub-
jecuon to Christ; The Parable of the Ten
Virgins Opened and Applied; and Auto
biography. His Sermons, with Memoir
by Alger, were printed in three volumes in
1853. He died Aug. 25, 1649, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
SHEPARD, WILLIAM, soldier, con
gressman, was born Dec. 1, 1737, near Bos
ton, Mass. In 1780 he was promoted to
the rank of brigadier-general under Gen
eral Lafayette; and after the war was a
brigadier-general of militia. In 1785 and
1786 he was a representative in the Massa
chusetts legislature; in the latter year
was appointed a major-general, and in
the same year was summoned from his
farm to assume command of the national
forces at Springfield, Mass., on the out
break of the Shay rebellion. He was a
presidential elector in 1788 and 1792; was
a member of the state executive council
from 1792 to 1796; and was a repre
sentative from Massachusetts to the na
tional congress from 1793 to 1803. He
died Nov. 11, 1817, in Westfield, Mass.
SHEPARD, WILLIAM B., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1799
in Newberne, N. C. He was a representa
tive in congress from North Carolina from
1827 to 1837, when he declined a re-elec
tion. In 1838 he was elected to the state
senate, where he served five terms. He
died June 20, 1852, in Elizabeth City, N. J.
SHEPHERD, ALEXANDER B., soldier,
governor, was born Jan. 31, 1835, in Wash
ington, D. C. In 1873 he was appointed
the second governor of the District of
Columbia; and remained in office until
the form of government was again
changed.
SHEPHERD, FRANK, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Jan. 28, 1853, in
Lenawee county. Mich. Since 1879 he has
practiced law in Cheboygan, Mich. In
1880-82 he was prosecuting attorney; was
appointed judge of probate in 1886; and
elected to the same office in 1888. In 1897
he was elected a member of the Michigan
state legislature.
SHEPHERD, JAMES EDWARD, law
yer, educator, was born in July, 1847, in
Nausemond county, Va. In 1882 he was
elected judge of the superior court from
Raleigh, N. C.; and during 1888-95 was a
justice of the supreme court, last two
years of which he served as chief justice.
SHEPHERD, JAMES OSGOOD, educat
or, lawyer, jurist, was born in Palmyra,
Va. He was a graduate of the university
of Virginia; engaged in educational work,
and became county superintendent of
schools. He is now an able lawyer of Vir
ginia at Buena Vista; has been judge of
the corporation court of Roanoke; and
judge of Hustings court, Buena Vista.
SHEPHERD, NATHANIEL GRAHAM,
author, was born in 1835 in New York
city. At the beginning of the civil war
he became a war correspondent for the
New York Tribune. He contributed large
ly to periodicals and journals; and was
the author of The Dead Drummer-Boy;
The Roll-Call; and A Summer Reminis
cence. He died May 23, 1869, in New
York city.
SHEPHERD, OLIVER LATHROP, sol
dier, was born Aug. 15, 1815, in Clifton,
Pa. He served in the Florida, Mexican
and civil wars, and in 1863 was brevetted
brigadier-general. In 1870 he was retired
from the army.
SHEPHERD, WILLIAM, soldier, con
gressman, was born Dec. 1, 1737, in Massa
chusetts. In 1783 he was chosen a briga
dier-general, having fought in twenty-two
battles; and was subsequently a major-
general of militia. He was a representa
tive in congress from Massachusetts from
1797 to 1803. He died Nov. 11, 1817, in
Westfield, Mass.
SHEPHERD, WILLIAM ROBERT, au
thor. He is the author of History of Pro
prietary Government in Pennsylvania.
SHEPLEY, ETHER, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, United States senator,
was born Nov. 2, 1789, in Groton, Mass.
He was in the Massachusetts legislature
in 1819; was a member of the convention
that framed the first constitution of Maine
in 1820; and was for thirteen years at
torney of the United States for Maine.
He was a senator in congress from Maine
from 1833 to 1836. After leaving the sen
ate of the United States he was chosen
a justice of the supreme court of Maine,
and subsequently chief justice of the
same, which latter position he held until
1855. He died Jan. 15, 1877, in Portland,
Maine.
SHEPLEY, GEORGE FORSTER, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, governor, was born
Jan. 1, 1819, in Saco, Maine. He removed
to Portland, Maine; was appointed by
President Polk United States district at
torney, which position he held until 1861.
When the civil war broke out he became
colonel of the twelfth Maine volunteers.
He was made brigadier-general; and was
military governor of Louisiana from 1862
to 1864. He was military governor of
Richmond on its surrender in 1865. In
1871 he was United States circuit judge of
the first circuit. He died July 20, 1878, in
Portland, Maine.
SHEPLOR, MATTHIAS, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Ohio from
1837 to 1839.
SHEPPARD, FRANCIS MARION, phy
sician, legislator, was born Dec. 22, 1868,
in Monticello, Miss. After receiving the
rudiments of his education in the com
mon schools, he attended the university of
Louisville, Ky., graduating therefrom in
1893. He is a successful physician of
Waynesboro, Miss.; and in 1896 became a
representative in the lower house of the
Mississippi state legislature, his term ex
piring in 1900.
SHEPPARD, FURMAN, lawyer, author,
was born Nov. 21, 1823, in Bridgeton, N. J.
He is a Philadelphia lawyer who has pub
lished The Constitutional Text-Book; and
other works.
SHEPPARD, JOHN HANNIBAL, law
yer, author, was born March 17, 1789, in
England. In addition to several Masonic
and antiquarian addresses, he was the au
thor of occasional poems; of Reminis
cences of the Vaughan Family; and The
Life of Samuel Tucker, Commodore in
the American Revolution. He died June
25, 1873, in Boston, Mass.
SHEPPARD, NATHAN, educator, jour
nalist, author, was born Nov. 9, 1834, in
Baltimore, Md. He was a journalist and
educator who was a special correspondent
of The Cincinnati Gazette during the
Franco-German war; and the author of
Shut Up in Paris During the Siege;
Darwinism Stated by Himself; Before an
Audience; and Saratoga Chips. He died
Jan. 24, 1888, in New York city.
842
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SHEPPERD, AUGUSTUS H.. lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
in Surry county, N. C. He served in the
house of commons of North Carolina from
1822 to 1826; and was a representative
in congress from 1829 to 1839, from 1841
to 1843, and again from 1847 to 1851.
SHERBURN, JOEL OSMAN, clergyman,
legislator, was born Nov. 21, 1845, in
Plainfield, Vt. For twenty-five years he
has been a clergyman and presiding elder
in the Vermont conference; now fills a
pastorate in Williamstown, Vt.; and in
1882 he represented the town of Rochest
er in the Vermont state legislature.
SHERBURNE, JOHN HENRY, author,
was born in 1794 in Portsmouth, N. H.
He was a register of the navy in Wash
ington; and the author of Osceola. a
tragedy; Erratic Poems; Life of John
Paul Jones; The Tourist's Guide in
Europe; and A Suppressed History of the
Administration of John Adams. He died
in 1850 in Europe.
SHERBURNE, JOHN SAMUEL, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born in
1757 in Portsmouth, N. H. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New Hamp
shire from 1793 to 1797; and was United
States district attorney in 1803; and judge
of the United States district court from
1803 to 1830. He died Aug. 2, 1830. in
Portsmouth, N. H.
SHERBURNE. MOSES, lawyer, Jurist.
He was an early emigrant to Minnesota;
and in 1853 was appointed an associate
justice of the United States court for Min
nesota.
SHEREDINE, UPTON, congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1791 to 1793.
SHERIDAN, PHILIP HENRY, soldier,
author, was born March 6, 1831, in Al
bany, N. Y. In 1853 he graduated from
the United States
.Military academy.
During the civil war
he attained high
rank as a soldier;
and for his gallantry
was made a major-
general in the United
States regular army,
in President Lin
coln's words: For
the personal gallant
ry, military skill.
and just confidence
in the courage and gallantry of your
troops, displayed, by you at Cedar Run.
whereby, under the blessing of Provi
dence, your routed army was reorganized,
a great national disaster averted, and a
brilliant victory achieved over the rebels
for the third time in pitched battle with
in thirty days. In 1883 he became gen-
eral-in-chief of the regular army. He
died Aug. 5, 1888, in Nonquitt, Mass.;
and the same year his Personal Memoirs
were published.
SHERIDAN, WILLIAM E., actor, was
born June 1, 1839. in Boston, Mass. He
attained a national reputation through
the world as a successful tragedian. He
died May 31. 1887.
SHERMAN, ADRIAN C.. legislator,
was born March 20, 1846, in Mt. Pleasant,
Iowa. He served as a soldier for five
years during the civil war; and for four
years he was a member of the Kansas
state legislature.
SHERMAN. ANTHONY S.. railroad
manager, financier, was born July 1, 1852,
in Newport, R. I. For a quarter of a
century he has been secretary and treas
urer of the Newport and Wickford rail
road.
SHERMAN, BUREN ROBINSON, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, governor, was born
May 28, 1836, in Phelps, N. Y. He received
his education in the
Union school of his
native city, and the
academy of Elmira,
N. Y. During the
war he served as
captain in the thir-
t e e n t h regiment
Iowa volunteer in
fantry, and was se
verely wounded at
the battle of Shiloh
on April 6, 1862. He
moved to Iowa in
1855, first to Tama county, thence in 1859
to Benton, where he resided at the time
of his election as governor in 1881. He
served with distinction as governor of
Iowa; was re-elected and served until
1885. For several years he was a clerk of
the district court of Benton county; then
served as county judge; and for three
terms during 1875-80 he was auditor of
the state of Iowa; stepping directly from
that position into the executive chair.
His knowledge of the law, and his public
services to the state admirably qualified
him for the position of governor; and he
was always found to be equal to great
emergencies.
SHERMAN. CHARLES TAYLOR, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, was born Feb. 3, 1811,
in Norwalk, Conn. In 1866 he became one
of the first government directors of the
Union Pacific Railroad company; and in
1867 was appointed United States district
judge for the northern district of Ohio.
He died Jan. 1. 1879, in Cleveland, Ohio.
SHERMAN, EDWIN ALLEN, lawyer,
w:is born Oct. 20. 1873, in Seattle, Wash.
He received a thorough education in the
public schools of Oakland, Cal.; and in
private academies. He has attained suc
cess in the profession of law; is legal ad
viser for numerous corporations, political
combinations, and fraternal organizations
He has filled various offices in bar asso
ciations and clubs; and although offered
several important political positions has
steadfastly declined in order to give His
entire time to his professional duties. *
SHERMAN, ELIJAH B., lawyer, legis
lator, was born June 18, 1832, in Fair-
field. Vt. In 1876 he was elected a repre
sentative to the Illinois legislature and
was re-elected in 1878; and in 1879 he
\v;is appointed one of the masters in
chancery of the court of the United States.
SHERMAN, ELMER EMMETT, educat
or, physician, surgeon, was born Feb. 7,
1861, in Fountain Green, 111. He attended
Howe's academy of Mt. Pleasant, Iowa;
the Laharpe seminary, Illinois; the Col
lege of Physicians and Surgeons of Keo-
kuk, Iowa; and the Illinois Medical col
lege of Chicago. For many years he was a
teacher in graded and country schools, and
actively engaged in institute work. He
has always taken great interest in Sunday
school work; has been president of sev
eral religious and literary societies, and
furnished written work for conventions.
SHERMAN, FRANK DEMPSTER, edu
cator, author, was born in 1860 in New
York city. He is a lyrist of New York
city; adjunct professor of architecture at
Columbia college; and the author of
Madrigals and Catches; Lyrics for a
Lute; Little-Folk Lyrics; and New Wag-
gings of Old Tales.
SHERMAN, HENRY, lawyer, author,
was born March 6, 1808, in Albany, N. Y.
He was a Hartford lawyer, author of An
Analytical Digest of the Laws of Marine
Insurance to the Present Time; The Gov
ernmental History of the United States;:
and Slavery in the United States. He died
March 28, 1879, in Washington, D. C.
SHERMAN, J. W., congressman, was.
born in New York. He was elected a
representative from New York to the-
thirty-fifth congress.
SHERMAN, JAMES SCHOOLCRAFT,.
lawyer, congressman, was born Oct. 24,
1855. in Utica, N. Y. He received an
academic and colle-
• g i a t e education,
v graduating from
• Hamilton college in
Bki the class of 1878;
••\^ and was admitted to
JfjIW : the bar in 1880, be
coming a member of
the firm of Cookin-
ham and Sherman.
He was elected
_^_^^^^_^, iiiiiyor ill' I'tii-ii. X.
'^^^^^M Y., in 1884, as a re
publican, receiving a
substantial majority in a democratic city.
He was chairman of the republican state
convention in Saratoga in 1895; and was
elected to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-
third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a republican.
SHERMAN, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born in 1772 in New Haven, Conn.
He was a Unitarian clergyman of Trenton
Falls, N. Y., where he conducted an acad
emy. From 1797 to 1805 he was a con
gregational minister at Mansfield, Conn.,
but resigned his charge on account of his
becoming a Unitarian. He was the author
of One God in One Person Only, the first
noteworthy defense of unitarianism in
America; Philosophy of Language Illus
trated; and A Description of Trenton
Falls. He died Aug. 2, 1828, in Trentoa
Falls, N. Y.
SHERMAN, JOHN, lawyer, statesman,
was born May 10, 1823, in Lancaster,
Ohio. He is of Anglo-Saxon ancestry.
He received an aca-
d e m i c education;
studied law, and was
admitted to the bar
May 11. 1844. He
was a delegate in the
national whig con
ventions of 1848 and
1852, and presided'
over the first re
publican convention
in Ohio in 1855. Ho-
was a representative
in the thirty-fourth,
thirty-fifth, thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh
congresses, and was the republican candi
date for speaker in the winter of 1859-60.
He was elected to the United States senate
in March, 1861, and re-elected in 1866 and
1872. He was appointed secretary of the
treasury in March, 1877, and served as
such during President Hayes' administra
tion; was again elected to the United
States senate in 1880, and was re-elected
in 1886 and 1892. He was president of
the senate from 1885 till 1887; and re
signed his seat in the senate to accept the
position of secretary of state in President
McKinley's cabinet. He Is the author of
Recollections of Forty Years in the House,
Senate and Cabinet; and Selected Speeches
and Reports on Taxation, 1859-78.
SHERMAN, ROBERT MINOT, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born May 22,
1773, in Woburn, Mass. He was a member
of the Connecticut general assembly in
1798; and was a member of the state sen
ate from 1814 to 1818. He was a judge of
the superior court, and the supreme court
of errors from 1840 to 1842. He died Dec.
30. 1844, in Fairfleld. Conn.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA O? AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
843
SHERMAN, ROGER, signer of the dec
laration of independence, was born April
19, 1721, in Newton, Mass. He was judge
of the county, superior and supreme
courts for a period of twenty-three years.
He was a member of the first congress in
1774, and continued in congress for many
years. He signed the declaration of in
dependence in 1776, and also the articles
of confederation and the constitution.
After the adoption of the constitution of
the United States, in regard to which he
took a prominent part, he was elected a
representative in congress from Connecti
cut. He was chosen a senator of the
United States in 1791, continuing in that
station until his death. He died July 23,
1793, in New Haven, Conn.
SHERMAN, SIDNEY, pioneer, was born
in March, 1805, in Massachusetts. In 1839
he was elected major-general of the Texan
republic; in 1842 he served in its con
gress; and in 1862-63 in the state legis
lature. He died in 1873 in Galveston,
Texas.
SHERMAN, SOCRATES N., congress
man, was born in Vermont. He was
elected a representative from New York
to the thirty-seventh congress.
SHERMAN, THOMAS WEST, soldier,
was born March 26, 1813, in Newport, R. I.
He served in the Florida, Mexican and
civil wars; and attained the rank of
brigadier-general. He died March 16,
1879, in Newport, R. I.
SHERMAN, WILLIAM TECUMSEH.
soldier, author, was born Feb. 8, 1820, in
Mansfield, Ohio. In 1861 he was appointed
a colonel of infantry
in the United States
army and command
ed a brigade at Bull
Run. He was made
brigadier-general of
volunteers, and had
command of the
Kentucky depart-
ment. He was made
major-general; and
in 1864 made one of
the most famous
military marches of
modern times, going from Atlanta to
Savannah, with sixty thousand men,
which great enterprise soon brought the
war to a conclusion. He was made briga
dier-general in the United States army in
1863, major-general in 1864, lieutenant-
general in 1866, and general-in-chief of
the army in 1869. In 1869 he was appoint
ed secretary of war. A Memoir of His Life
and Campaign has been published; and
also his The Military Lessons of the
War. He died in 1891.
SHERRICK, FANNIE I., poet, was born
in St. Louis, Mo. She is the author of a
volume of poems entitled Star Dust.
SHERRILL, ELIAKIM, soldier, con
gressman, was born in New York. He
was a representative in congress from
New York" from 1847 to 1849. He served
as an officer in the rebellion, and was
killed at the battle of Gettysburg.
SHERRILL, JOSEPH E., journalist,
clergyman, was born Jan. 19, 1852, in Put
nam county, Ind. Since 1886 he has been
proprietor of the Normal Publishing
house of Danville, Ind.; and has at
tained prominence as an evangelist in
the baptist church.
SHERROD, WILLIAM C., soldier,
planter, state legislator, congressman, was
born Aug. 17, 1835, in Courtland, Ala. He
served in the state legislature of Alabama
in 1859 and 1860; and was an officer in
the confederate army during the civil
war. He was elected a representative
from Alabama to the forty-first congress
as a democrat.
SHERWIN, JOHN C., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 8, 1838, in
Saint Lawrence, N. Y. He was twice
elected county clerk of Kane county, 111.;
and was city attorney of Aurora. He
served three years in the union army dur
ing the war of the rebellion; and was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-sixth and forty-seventh con
gresses as a republican.
SHERWIN. THOMAS, educator, author,
was born March 26, 1799, in Westmore
land, N. H. He was a noted educator of
Boston, master of the high school in 1838-
69, and author of treatises on algebra.
He died July 23, 1869, in Dedham, Mass.
SHERWOOD, AD1EL, educator, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 3, 1791, in Fort
Edward, N. Y. He was a baptist minister
and educator of Georgia; and the author
of Gazetteer of Georgia; Christian and
Jewish Churches; and Notes on the New
Testament. He died Aug. 18, 1879, in
St. Louis. Mo.
SHERWOOD, MRS. EMILY [LEE]:
journalist, author, was born in 1843 in In
diana. She is a Washington journalist
who has published Willis Peyton, a novel.
SHERWOOD, HENRY, lawyer, con
gressman, was born Oct. 9, 1817, in Bridge
port, Conn. He devoted himself to the
practice of law dur
ing twenty-four
years; and was elect
ed to the forty-sec
ond congress as a
democrattrom Wells-
borough, Pa. He has
attained prominence
as one of the fore
most lawyers of
Pennsylvania; is also
noted as an elo
quent speaker; and
contributes valuable
articles to the leading newspapers and
magazines of the United States.
SHERWOOD, ISAAC R., soldier, jour
nalist, lawyer, jurist, congressman, was
born Aug. 14, 1835, in Stanford, N. Y. He
established the Wil
liams counvy Ga
zette of Bryan, Ohio;
'and in 1859 was elect
ed probate judge of
Williams county,
which position he re
signed to enter the
army in 1861. He
was commissioned
major in 1863; was
promoted to lieuten
ant-colonel in 1864;
and commanded his
regiment to the close of the war, receiving
a brevet of brigadier-general for gallant
and meritorious services. He edited the
Toledo Commercial, and was an editorial
writer on the ^Cleveland Leader. He was
elected secretary of state for Ohio in 1868;
and re-elected in 1870. He was elected a
representative from Ohio to the forty-
third congress as a republican. He is the
author of a volume entitled Army Gray-
back, a book of humorous verse.
SHERWOOD. JAMES MANNING, cler
gyman, journalist, author, was born Sept.
29, 1814, in Fishkill, N. Y. He is a presby-
terian clergyman and editor of religious
journals; and the author of A Plea for
the Old Foundations; The History of the
Cross; and Books and Authors. He died
Oct. 22, 1890, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
SHERWOOD. JOHN D., author, was
born Oct. 15, 1818, in Fishkill, N. Y. He
was the author of Comic History of the
United States; and The Case of Cuba. He
died in 1891.
SHERWOOD, MRS. KATHER1NE,
MARGARET, journalist, author, poet, was
born Sept. 24, 1841, in Poland, Ohio. She
is a Doet and jour
nalist of Canton,
Ohio; and has been
especially successful
as a writer of army
lyrics and poems for
military occasions.
She is the author of
Camp Fire and Me
morial Poems; and
Columbia. Since 1882
she has been editor
of the woman's de
partment of the Na
tional Tribune, published at Washington,
D. C., in the interest of the union soldiers.
SHERWOOD, MRS. MARY ELIZA
BETH [WILSON], author, was born about
1830 in Keene, N. H. She is a Washing
ton novelist and miscellaneous writer;
and the author of The Sarcasm of Des
tiny; A Transplanted Rose; Amenities of
Home; Home Amusements; Manners and
Social Usages; Royal Girls and Royal
Courts; Sweet Brier; Roxobel: and The
Art of Entertaining.
SHERWOOD, SAMUEL, lawyer, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1813 to
1815. He died in November, 1862, in New
York.
SHERWOOD, SAMUEL B., congress
man, was born in Connecticut. He was a
representative in congress from Connecti
cut from 1817 to 1819. He died in 1833.
SHERWOOD, THOMAS ADIEL, law
yer, jurist, was born June 2, 1834, in
Eatonton, Ga. In 1872 he was elected to
the bench of the supreme court of the
state of Missouri, served two successive
terms of ten years, and was re-elected in
1892.
SHERZER, JANE BELLE, educator,
was born Oct. 23, 1858, in Franklin, Ohio.
She received her education in the public
schools of her native city, and studied
four years at the university of Michi
gan, receiving the degree of Ph. D. She
also studied in Paris, and has traveled ex
tensively through the principal countries
of Europe, and in Egypt and Palestine.
She is a successful public speaker, and
the author of a series of articles on for
eign travel.
SHEW, JOEL, physician, author, was
born Nov. 13, 1816, in Providence, N. Y.
He was a hydropathic physician of New
York state, among whose writings are,
Hydropathy, or the Water Cure; Cholera
Treated by Water; and The Hydropathic
Family Physician. He died Oct. 6, 1855, in
Oyster Bay, N. Y.
SHIEL, GEORGE K.. soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born about 1815, in Ire
land. He practiced law in Salem, Ore.,
during 1854-61. He was elected a repre
sentative from Oregon to the thirty-
seventh congress. He died Dec. 14, 1893,
in Salem, Ore.
SHIELDS, CHARLES WOODRUFF, ed
ucator, clergyman, author, was born April
4, 1825, in New Albany, Ind. He is a
Presbyterian clergyman, professor of the
harmony of science and revealed religion
at Princeton college from 1865, and active
in behalf of church unity. He is the au
thor of The Presbyterian Book of Common
Prayer According to the Revision of the
Westminster Divines; Philosophia Ulti
ma, or Science of the Sciences; The Order
of the Sciences; Religion and Science in
Their Relations to Philosophy; Essays
on Church Unity; The Historic Episco
pate; The Question of Unity; and The
United Church of the United States.
844
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SHIELDS, EBENEZER J., congressman,
was born in Georgia. He was elected a
representative in congress from Tennessee
from 1835 to 1839. He died May 20, 1846.
SHIELDS, JAMES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1829 to 1831. He died in 1831
in Butler county, Ohio.
SHIELDS, JAMES, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, governor, United
States senator, was born in 1810 in Ire
land. In 1836 he was
elected a member of
the Illinois legisla
ture; was elected
auditor of the state
in 1839; and in 1843
was appointed judge
of the supreme court
of Illinois. In 1845
he was appointed
commissioner of the
general land office in
the department of
the interior at Wash
ington. At the commencement of the
Mexican war he was appointed brigadier-
general in the United States army; and
was promoted to the rank of brevet ma
jor-general. In 1848 he was appointed
governor of Oregon territory; and in
1849 was elected to a seat in the United
States senate from the state of Illinois
for the term of six years. He subsequent
ly took up his residence in the territory
of Minnesota; and in 1857 when it be
came a state, was elected to represent the
same in the senate of the United States,
in which position he served two years.
He subsequently settled in Missouri; and
was elected a United States senator from
Missouri in 1879. He died June 1, 1879,
in Ottumwa, Iowa.
SHIELDS, JOHN C., lawyer, jurist. In
1885 he was appointed chief justice of
the supreme court of the territory of Ari
zona for the term of four years; resided
at Prescott, Ariz.
SHIELDS, JOHN FRANKLIN, educat-
•or, was born June 25, 1868, in Chester,
Pa. He received his education in the
Pennsylvania State college and the uni
versity of Pennsylvania. He has attained
success in educational work, and is now
professor of mathematics in the Adelphi
college of Brooklyn, N. Y. He is a mem
ber of the American Mathematical society;
and is mathematical censor for several
leading publishers.
SHIELDS, MARY, philanthropist, was
born Jan. 12, 1820, in Philadelphia, Pa.
She was active in benevolent work, and
bequeathed $1,400,000 for charitable pur
poses. She died Oct. 8, 1880, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
SHIELDS, MRS. SARAH ANNIE
[FROST], author. She is the author of
Parlor Charades and Proverbs; Laws and
By-I^aws of American Society; The Art
of Dressing Well; Almost a Woman; and
Sunshine for Rainy Days.
SHIELDS, WILLIAM BAYARD, lawyer,
jurist. He was an early emigrant to Mis
sissippi; and in 1818 was appointed dis
trict judge of tue United States court for
the state of Mississippi.
SHIELLS, ROBERT, banker, poet, was
born Nov. 21, 1825, in Edinburgh, Scot
land. He is well versed in the Latin
classics, and acquired a good knowledge
of Latin, French and Greek, and a course
in the higher mathematics. He was
trained as a mechanical and civil en
gineer. He took part in the first surveys
of the Milwaukee and Prairie du Chien
railway, which is now known as the Mil
waukee and St. Paul railway. As locating
and division engineer he remained with
the road until its completion to the Mis
sissippi in 1857, and subsequently did gov
ernment surveying in Wisconsin. He was
also two years engaged in railroad work
in Ohio. In 1861 he organized the bank
of Neenah, which four years later became
the National bank of Neenah, of which
he is president. He has been president
of the city public library since its com
mencement. He is a member of the
American Numismatic and Archaeological
society, and also is a member of two his
torical societies. Mr. Shiells is the au
thor of a volume, The Story of the Token
as Belonging to the Sacrament of the
Lord's Supper.
SHILLABER, BENJAMIN PENHAL-
LOW, journalist, author, was born July
12, 1814, in Portsmouth, N. H. He was a
journalist of Boston,
once widely known
as a humorist, whose
latest years were
spent in Chelsea,
Mass. He was the
author of Life and
Sayings of Mrs.
Partington; Parting-
Ionian Patchwork;
Mrs. Partington's
Mother Goose; Ike
Partington Stories;
Lines in Pleasant
Places; Wide Swath, a volume of col
lected verse; Rhymes with Reason;
Cruises with Captain Bob; and The
Double-Runner Club. He died Nov. 25,
1890, in Chelsea, Mass.
SHIMEALL, RICHARD CUNNING
HAM, clergyman, author, was born in
1803 in New York city. He was an epis
copal clergyman who adopted reformed
Dutch tenets in 1834, and subsequently be
came a presbyterian. He was a noted
biblical scholar of millenarian views. He
was the author of The End of Prelacy;
Christ's Second Coming; Prophetic Ca
reer and Destiny of Napoleon III; Unseen
World: and Political Economy of
Prophecy. He died March 19, 1874, in
New York city.
SHIMER, FRANCES A. WOOD, college
president, was born Aug. 31, 1826, in Mil
ton, N. Y. She is the founder and presi
dent of the Mount Carroll seminary and
Conservatory of Music of Mount Carroll,
111., which institution she founded in
1852.
SHINDLER, MRS. MARY STANLEY
BUNCE [PALMER] [DANA], poet, was
born Feb. 15, 1810, in Beaufort, S. C.
She was a once popular South Carolina
verse-writer whose home was at Nacog-
doches, Texas, after 1869. In 1844 she be
came a Unitarian, and published the next
year Letters on the Trinity. In 1848 she
married her second husband, an episcopal
clergyman, and was received into his
church. She was the author of The
Northern Harp; The Southern Harp;
The Parted Family, and Other Poems;
The Temperance Lyre; and several prose
works, including Charles Martin, or the
Young Patriot; The Young Sailor; Fore
castle Tom; and A Southerner Among the
Spirits. She died in 1883.
SHINE, JOHN W., lawyer, was born
April 8, 1864, in Middleton Center, On
tario, Canada. When about a year old
his parents moved to Austin Port, Mich.;
and he is now one of the foremost law
yers of that state at Sault Ste. Marie;
and for two terms has served as its city
attorney.
SHINN, ASA, clergyman, author, was
born May 3, 1781, in New Jersey. He
was a methodist protestant minister in
Ohio; and the author of Essay on the
Plan of Salvation; and Benevolence and
Rectitude of the Supreme Being. He died
in February, 1853, in Brattleboro, Vt.
SHINN, CHARLES HOWARD, author,
was born in 1852 in Texas. He is a
California writer who has published Min
ing Camps, a Study in American Frontier
Government; and The Story of the Mine.
SHINN, EARL, journalist, author, was
born in ]837 in. Pennsylvania. He was a
New York journalist, at one period art
critic of The Nation; and the author of
The New Hyperion: from Paris to Marly
by Way of the Rhine; and Studies in
Modern French Art.
SHINN, GEORGE WOLFE, clergyman,
author, was born Dec. 14, 1839, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He is an episcopal clergy
man, rector of Grace church, Newton,
Mass., from 1875; and the author of
Friendly Talks About Marriage; Manual
of the Prayer Book; Manual of Church
History; Questions about Our Church;
Questions that Trouble Beginners in Re
ligion; Stories for Christmas Time; and
Some Modern Substitutes for Christianity.
SHINN, WILLIAM N., farmer, con
gressman, was born in New Jersey. ' He
was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1833 to 1837.
SHIPHERD, JOHN J., founder, was
born March 28, 1802, in West Granville,
N. Y. He was the founder of Oberlin
college. He died in 1844.
SHIPHERD, ZEBULON R., congress
man. He was a representative in congress
from New York from 1813 to 1815. He
died in Moriah, N. Y.
SHIPMAN, GEORGE ELIAS, physician,
journalist, was born March 4, 1820, in New
York city. In 1846 he removed to Chicago,
where he soon had a large and lucrative
practice. In 1865 he became editor of the
United States Medical and Surgical Jour
nal, and the next year published The
Homoeopathic Guide.
SHIPMAN, NATHANIEL, lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, was born Aug. 22,
1828, in Southbury, Conn. In 1851 he en
gaged in the practice of the law at Hart
ford, Conn.; was a representative in the
state legislature in 1857; and was execu
tive secretary of Governor William A.
Buckingham from 1858 to 1862. In 1873
he was appointed United States district
judge for the district of Connecticut.
SHIPP, ALBERT MICAJAH, clergy
man, educator, author, was born Feb. 15,
1819, in Stokes county, N. C. He was a
methodist clergyman and educator, pro
fessor of theology in Vanderbilt univer
sity from 1874, and the author of The His
tory of Methodism in South Carolina. He
died in 1887.
SHIPP, BERNARD, poet, was born
April 30, 1813, near Natchez, Miss. He is
a poet of Natchez, and subsequently of
Louisville; and the author of Fame, and
Other Poems; and Progress of Freedom,
and Other Poems.
SH1PPEN, EDWARD, merchant, law
yer, jurist, was born July 9, 1703, in Bos
ton, Mass. In 1744 he was elected mayor
of Boston. In 1745, and for several years
thereafter, he was one of the judges of
the court of common pleas. In 1752 he
moved to Lancaster, where he was ap
pointed prothonotary, and continued such
until 1778. He was a county judge under
both the provincial and state govern
ments. In early life he laid out and
founded Shippensburg, Pa. In 1746-48 he
was one of the founders of the college of
New Jersey. He died Sept. 25, 1781, in
Lancaster, Pa.
HEKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
845
SHIPPEN, EDWARD, lawyer, jurist,
was born Feb. 16, 1729, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was judge of the admiralty court
for the province; in 1791 was appointed
judge of the supreme court, and in 1799
became chief justice. He died April 16,
1806, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SHIPPEN, RUSH RHEES, educator,
clergyman, was born Jan. 18, 1828, in
Meadville, Pa. He attended the Alle
gheny college and the Theological school
of Meadville, Pa.; and for a while was
engaged in educational work. During
1849-57 he was pastor of the First Unitar
ian church of Chicago, 111.; and during
1858-71 of the Unity church of Worcest
er, Mass. Then for ten years he was
secretary of the American Unitarian asso
ciation. During 1881-95 he was a pastor
of All Souls church of Washington, D. C.;
and since November, 1895, has been pas
tor of the Unity church of Brockton,
Mass.
SHIPPEN, WILLIAM, physician, con
gressman, was born Oct. 1, 1712, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He was a member of the
junto, and aided in founding the Penn
sylvania hospital, of which he was the
physician from 1753 till 1778, the Public
academy, and its successor, the university
of Pennsylvania, being chosen in 1749 one
of the first trustees of the academy. In
1778 he was chosen by the assembly of
Pennsylvania to the continental congress,
and he was re-elected in 1779. He died
Nov. 4, 1801, in Germantown, Pa.
SHIPPEN, WILLIAM, physician, lec
turer, was born Oct. 21, 1736, in Phila
delphia. In 1762 he entered on the prac
tice of his profession in Philadelphia, Pa.,
anu in the same year began the first
course of lectures on anatomy that was
ever delivered in this country. He died
July 11, 1808, in Germantown, Pa.
SHIRAS, ALEXANDER EAKIN, sol
dier, was born Aug. 10, 1812, in Philadel
phia, Pa. A large share of the credit for
the manner in which the national armies
were supplied during the civil war is due
to him. At the close of the war he was
brevetted brigadier-general and major-
general, United States army. He /died
April 14, 1875, in Washington, D. C.
SHIRAS, GEORGE W., lawyer, jurist,
was born Jan. 26, 1832, in Pittsburg, Pa.
He practiced law successfully in Pitts-
burg till his appointment in 1892 as an
associate justice of the United States su
preme court.
SHIRAS, OLIVER P., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 22, 1833, in Pitts-
burg, Pa. He removed to Dubuque, Iowa,
and was there admitted to the bar in 1856.
He was aid-de-camp and judge advocate
on the staff of General Herron in the
army of the frontier during 1862 and
1863; and in 1882 was appointed United
States district judge for the northern dis
trict of Iowa.
SHIRK, DAVID FRANKLIN, educator,
was born July 10, 1859, in Carroll county,
111. This popular educator has been prin
cipal of several large schools; county
superintendent of public instruction of
Dickinson county, Kan., and has contrib
uted extensively to current literature on
educational topics.
SHIRK, MILTON SMITH, educator,
clergyman, college president, was born
Nov. 29, 1818, in Butler county, Ohio.
For sixty years he has been successfully
engaged as a teacher in the various grades
of school, and for fifty years he has been
engaged in the ministry in various cities,
and at the Coliseum Place Baptist church
of New Orleans, La. He received his edu
cation in the Miami university and the
Granville college, Ohio; and was a gradu
ate of the Madison university of Hamil
ton, N. Y. He has been president of the
Pearl River institute, president of the
Amite Female seminary, Mississippi, and
the Shreveport university, Louisiana.
SHIRLAW, WALTER, artist, was born
Aug. 6, 1838, in Scotland. He first ex
hibited at the National academy in 1861,
and subsequently decided to devote him
self altogether to art. He was elected an
academician of the Chicago Academy of
Design in 1868.
SHIRLEY, JOHN MILTON, lawyer, au
thor, was born Nov. 16, 1831, in San-
bornton, N. H. He was a lawyer of Ando-
ver, N. H., and the author of The Early
Jurisprudence of New Hampshire; Com
plete History of the Dartmouth College
Case; and Reports of Cases in Supreme
Judicial Court. He died May 21, 1887, in
Andover, N. H.
SHIRLEY, MOSES GAGE, farmer, poet,
was born May 15, 1865, in Goffstown, N. H.
He is a farmer in the place of his nativity;
and the author of A Book of Poems.
SHIRLEY, WILLIAM, soldier, govern
or, author, was born in 1693 in England.
He was a noted colonial soldier who
planned the conquest of Cape Breton, and
was governor of Massachusetts in 1741-45.
He was the author of Electra, a tragedy;
The Birth of Hercules, a masque; Letter
to the Duke of Newcastle, with Journal of
the Siege of Louisburg; and The Conduct
of General Shirley Briefly Stated. He died
March 24, 1771, in Roxbury, Mass.
SHIVELY, BENJAMIN F., educator,
lawyer, congressman, was born March 20,
1857, in St. Joseph county, Ind. During
1874-80 he taught
school; and then en
gaged in journalism.
He was elected to the
forty-eighth c o n -
gress to fill a va
cancy. He graduat
ed in law from the
Ann Arbor univer
sity with the class
of 1886, and was ad
mitted to the bar. He
was elected to the
fiftieth and fifty-
first congresses, and re-elected to the fifty-
second congress as a democrat. In 1896
he was the democratic nominee for gov
ernor of Indiana.
SHOBER, FRANCIS E., lawyer, state
senator congressman, was born March 12,
1831 in Salem, N. C. In 1853 he located
in Salisbury, N. C. In 1862 he was elected
to the state assembly as a conservative,
and continued in that position until the
close of the war. He subsequently served
one session in the state senate, and was
elected a representative from North Caro
lina to the forty-first and forty-second
congresses. He was acting secretary of
the United States senate from 1881 to 1883.
SHOCK, WILLIAM HENRY, naval offi
cer was born June 15, 1821, in Baltimore,
Md' In January, 1845, he entered the
United States naval
service. He served
under Commodore
Perry during the
Mexican war; and
under Admiral Far-
ragut during the civ-
i 11 war. In 1877 he
i^^ was appointed engin-
JfiL ^fe eer-in-chief of the
I United States navy;
L^^fj I and retired in June,
B^^Jfl 1883 (age limit under
the law) with rank
of commodore. He is a member of the
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the
United States; National Geographical so-
*
ciety, American Society of Naval Engin
eers, Society of Naval Architects and
Marine Engineers, and the Philosophical
society of Washington, D. C. He is the
author of Steam Boilers, Their Design,
Construction and Management.
SHOEMAKER, GEORGE WASHING
TON, inventor, was born Dec. 14, 1861,
near Williamsport, Pa. Having mechan
ical ability, he made various improve
ments in liis father's woolen mill, and in,
1886 invented a ring-machine, by which
wool-spinning may be carried on continu
ously.
SHOEMAKER, HENRY F., banker,
railroad president, born March 28, 1845,
in Pennsylvania. In 1887 he was elected
president of the Min
eral Range railroad,
and in 1888 he
bought a large inter
est in the Cincinnati,
Hamilton and Day
ton railroad, and lat
er, with others, be
came one of the dom
inant spirits in the
company and was
_^^ ^^ made chairman of its
I executive committee.
He has been suc
cessful in his undertakings and is
now president of the Dayton and
Union and the Cincinnati, Dayton and
Ironton railroads. He was also at one
time engaged in the mining of bituminous
coal in the Kanawha valley, W. Va.
SHOEMAKER, JACOB W., educator, in
ventor, artist, author, was born April 18,
1842, in West Overton, Pa. He was the
founder and president of the National
School of Elocution and Oratory of Phil
adelphia, Pa., and died May 15, 1880.
SHOEMAKER, MRS. JACOB W., elo
cutionist, author. She is the wife of the
late Jacob W. Shoemaker, the founder and
president of the National School of Elo
cution and Oratory of Philadelphia, Pa.,
and since the death of her husband in
1880 she has continued the management
of that institution.
SHOEMAKER, JOHN CHAPMAN, state
senator, was born April 8, 1826, in Perry
county, Ind. In 1868 he was elected a
member of the lower house of the In
diana legislature, in which body he again
brought into prominence the same prac
tical views of legislation that so eminently
distinguished him while a member of the
senate.
SHOEMAKER, LAZARUS D., lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Nov.
5, 1819, in Kingston, Pa. He graduated
at Yale college in
1840, studied and
practiced law in
Wilkesbarre, Pa. He
was a member of the
state senate in 1866-
68, and was elected a
representative from
Pennsylvania to the
forty-second and for
ty-third congresses
as a republican,
serving as chairman
of the committee on
revolutionary pensions, and on that of
claims.
SHOEMAKER, MICHAEL MYERS, au
thor, was born in 1853 in Kentucky. He is
a writer of travels, and the author of
Eastward to the Land of Morning; The
Kingdom of the White Woman, a volume
of Mexican travel; and Trans-Caspia: the
Sealed Provinces of the Czar.
vt.,
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SHOEMAKER, WILLIAM LUKEN.
physician, philologist, poet, was born July
19, 1823, in Georgetown, D. C. His poems,
bird songs, translations from the German
of Heine and others, are distinguished by
rare perfection of form and melody. He
is best known for his Sweetheart Bird
Song, set to music by Balfe, the English
composer. As a linguist and poet he
holds a masterly rank.
SHOLES, CHARLES CLARK, journal
ist, state senator, was born Jan. 8, 1816,
in Norwich, Conn. He settled in Kenosha.
Wis., in 1847, of which place he was sev
eral times mayor, frequently represented
Kenosha county both in the assembly and
senate of the state, and in one session
was chosen speaker of the former body.
He died Oct. 5, 1867, in Kenosha, \vis.
SHOL^o, CHRISTOPHER LATHAM,
journalist, inventor, was born Feb. 14,
1819, in Mooresburg, Pa. In addition to
his work as a journalist, which has been
his profession when not holding office, he
has interested himself in inventions, the
most important of which is the typewrit
ing machine that was introduced through
the firm of E. Remington and Sons. In
1873 this invention passed into the hands
of the Remingtons for manufacture, since
which time many minor improvements
have been added to it, increasing its use
fulness.
SHONK, GEORGE W., lawyer, congress
man, was born April 26, 1850, in -Ply
mouth, Pa. He was admitted to the bar of
Luzerne county, Pa., in 1876, and has prac
ticed his profession at Wilkesbarre since.
He was elected to the fifty-second con
gress as a republican.
SHORT, ALFRED, manufacturer, legis
lator, was born Jan. 1, 1847, in Sharon,
Pa. He attended the Richburg academy,
the Friendship acad
emy, and the Alfred
academy, in the
state of New York.
He is a successful
manufacturer o f
North East, Pa.; has
been mayor of his
city, and president of
the school board. In
1878-79 he served
with distinction as a
member of the state
assembly of Pennsyl
vania. In 1888 he was a delegate to the
democratic national convention at St.
Louis; and has always taken an active
part in political affairs. He is president
of the People's Savings institution of
Erie county, and president of the Eureka
Tempered Copper works of North East.
Pa.
SHORT, CHARLES, college president,
author, was born May 28, 1821, in Haver-
hill, Mass. In 1863 he became seventh
president of the Kenyon college, and is
the author of On the Order of Words in
Attic-Greek Prose; and Mitchell's Ancient
Geography. He died Dec. 24, 1886, in
New York city.
SHORT. CHARLES WILKINS, botan
ist, was Dorn Oct. 6, 1794, in Woodford
county, Ky. In 1838 he moved to Louis
ville. Ky., where he was associated with
several others in founding the medical de
partment of the university of Louisville,
and continued to hold a chair in that
institution until 1849. when he retired. He
then devoted himself to the collection of
plants and flowers, and, with Dr. Robert
Peter and Henry A. Griswold, prepared
Plants of Kentucky. He died March 7.
1863, in Louisville, Ky.
SHORTALL. JOHN GEORGE, humani
tarian, was born Sept. 20, 1838, in Ireland.
He entered upon the business of making
records of abstracts of title to lands in
Cook county. 111. He did great service in
the collection and preservation of his val
uable abstracts of title. He is president
of the Illinois Humane society, and is as
sociated with the National and State Hu
mane associations.
SHORTER. ELI S.. lawyer, planter,
congressman, was born March 15, 1823, in
Monticello, Ga. He was elected a repre
sentative from Alabama to the thirty-
fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
SHORTER, JAMES ALEXANDER,
bishop, was born Feb. 4, 1817, in Wash
ington, D. C. He was elected bishop of the
African-American methodist episcopal
church in 1868, and sent more fully to
organize the church in the extreme south
west, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.
As president of the Missionary society of
his church, he has succeeded in opening
the work in Hayti and Africa, whither
missionaries have been sent.
SHORTER. JOHN GILL, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, governor,
was born in 1818 in Jasper county, Ga.
He was for several years a state senator
from Alabama. From 1855 to 1861 was
circuit judge for his district. He was a
member of the confederate congress, and
was governor of Alabama from 1861 to
1863. He died May 29, 1872, in Eufaula,
Ala.
SHOTWELL, AMBROSE MILTON, ge
nealogist, educator, author, was born May
30, 1853, in Elba, N. Y. He has been a
successful teacher in schools for the blind,
and is now embosser of literature in the
Michigan School for the Blind of Lan
sing. He is the author of Annals of Our
Colonial Ancestors and Their Descend
ants; and other works.
SHOUP, FRANCIS ASBIIRY, soldier,
clergyman, educator, author, born March
22, 1834, in Laurel, Ind. He was an episco
pal clergyman and educator of Sewanee,
Tenn., professor of metaphysics in the
university of the South, and a confederate
officer In the civil war. He was the au
thor of Infantry Tactics; Artillery Div
ision Drill; and Elements of Algebra. He
died in 1896.
SHOUP, GEORGE L., soldier, merchant,
governor. United States senator, was born
June 15, 1836, in Kittanning, Pa. He en
listed in Captain
" Backus's independ
ent company of
scouts, and was soon
thereafter commis
sioned second lieu
tenant, and was
commissioned col
onel of the third
Colorado cavalry in
1864. He engaged in
the mercantile busi
ness in Virginia
City, Mont., in 1866,
and during the same year established a
business at Salmon City, Idaho; and since
1866 has been engaged in mining, stock
raising, mercantile, and other business in
Idaho. He was a member of the terri
torial legislature during the eighth and
tenth sessions. He was Ignited States
commissioner for Idaho at the World's
Cotton Centennial exposition at New Or
leans, La., in 1884-85, and was again
placed on the republican national com
mittee in 1888, re-elected in 1892 and again
in 1896. He was appointed governor of
Idaho territory in 1889, which position
he held until elected governor of the
state of Idaho in 1890. He was elected to
the United States senate as a republican
in 1890, and was re-elected in 1895. His
term of service will expire March 3, 1901.
SHOWALTER, JOSEPH B., educator,
was born Feb. 11, 1851, near Smithfield,
Pa. He taught school in Pennsylvania,
West Virginia, Indiana, and Illinois. He
has filled numerous local offices in Chi-
cora, Pa., and in his county and state.
He was elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
SHOWER, JACOB, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1853 to 1855.
SHRADY. JOHN, physician, author.
was born March 13, 1830, in New York
city, N. Y. He is a prominent lawyer of
New York city, and is the author of Tran
sactions; The Psychical Aspects of In
sanity; The Shadow Line of Insanity;
Signs of the Moribund Condition; and
Two Hundred Years of Medicine.
SHREVE, HENRY MILLER, inventor,
born Oct. 21, 1785, in Burlington county,
N. J. In 1815 he ascended the Mississippi
to Louisville in the
Enterprise, the first
steam vessel that
ever performed that
voyage, and subse
quently he built the
Washington on a
plan of his own in
vention, with im
provements that
made it superior to
Robert Fulton's boat.
In 1817 his vessel
made its first trip
laden with passengers and freight, and
demonstrated its superiority. When its
success was thoroughly shown, Fulton and
his associates, having the exclusive right
to navigate all vessels propelled by fire
and steam in the rivers of said territory,
entered suit against him and seized his
boats; but the case was decided in his
favor. In 1826 he was appointed superin
tendent of western river improvements,
which place he held until 1841. He died
March 6, 1854, in St. Louis, Mo.
SHREVE, SAMUEL HENRY, civil en
gineer, author, was born Aug. 2, 1829, in
Trenton, N. J. He was a civil engineer
of New York city, and the author of The
Strength of Bridges and Roofs. He died
Nov. 27, 1884, in New York city.
SHREVE, THOMAS H., journalist, au
thor, poet, was born in 1808, in Alexan
dria, Va. He was a journalist of Louis
ville, and the author of Drayton, an Amer
ican Tale; and Poems. He died Dec. 23,
1853, in Louisville, Ky.
SHRIVER. ALFRED JENKINS, law
yer, author, was born in 1867 in Baltimore,
Md.. where he has attained prominence
as a successful lawyer. He received the
degree of A. B. from the Johns Hopkins
university, and LL. B. from the law
school of the university of Maryland. He
is the author of several monographs on
legal subjects, which have attracted fa
vorable attention.
SHUBRICK, WILLIAM BRADFORD,
nai,a\ officer, was born Oct. 31, 1790. on
Bull's Island, S. C. He served through
the Mexican and civil wars, attaining for
meritorious sen ices the rank of rear-
admiral. He died May 27, 1874, in Wash
ington.
SHUCK. MRS. HENRIETTA [HALL],
author, was born Oct. 28, 1817, in Kilmar-
nock, Va. She was the wife of a mission
ary in China; and the author of Scenes
in China. She died Nov. 27. 1844. in Hong
Kong, China.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
847
SHUCK, WILLIAM ROBERT, lawyer.
politician, was born July 15, 1864, in Ar
kansas. He studied law in the St. Louis
Law school; was admitted to the bar in
Houston, and has attained success in his
profession at Eminence, Mo. He has been
commissioner of his county; was elected
prosecuting attorney in 1896; is a promi
nent democrat in politics; and has served
two terms on the staff of the secretary of
.the Missouri senate.
SHUEY, MRS. LILLIAN HINNMAN,
.author, poet, was born March 22, 1853, in
Toulon, 111. She is a writer of Lorin,
Cal.; the author of two prose works en
titled Hilda, and Don Louis' Wife; and a
volume of poems entitled California Sun
shine.
SHUEY, WILLIAM JOHN, journalist.
was born Feb. 9. 1827, in Miamisburg,
Ohio. In 1866 he became sole agent, which
position he has since occupied, of the
United Brethren Publishing house of Day
ton, Ohio.
SHUFELDT, ROBERT WILSON, naval
officer, was born Feb. 21, 1832, in Red
Hook, N. Y. He became a midshipman
in 1839; served in the Mexican and civil
wars; was promoted to rear-admiral in
1883; and retired the following year.
SHUFORD, ALONZO CRAIG, agricul
turist, congressman, was born March 1,
1858, in Catawba county, N. C. He was
made county lecturer and later district
lecturer of the alliance; was elected del
egate to the labor conference in St. Louis
in 1892; and also delegate for the state
at large to the populist convention in
•Omaha in the same year. He was elected
vice-president of the state alliance in 1894;
and was elected from North Carolina to
the fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a populist.
SHULTZ, EMANUEL, manufacturer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
July 25, 1819, in Berks county, Pa. He
was elected in 1875 a member of the Ohio
state legislature and served two years;
and was elected to the forty-seventh con
gress as a republican.
SHULTZ, JAMES, lawyer, was born
in July, 1848, in Van Buren county, Iowa.
He is one of the foremost lawyers of
Kansas at Eureka; and prominent in the
public affairs of his city, county and state.
SHULTZ, JOSEPH S., educator, author,
poet, was born March 13, 1863, in De
•Graff, Ohio. For many years he was pro
fessor of mathematics and English liter
ature in Wilder college. He is the author
•of Observations in the Northwest; Look
ing Upward; and a number of meritorious
poems.
SHULTZ, THEODORE, missionary,
translator, was born Dec. 17, 1770, in Ger
many. He entered the foreign mission
field of the Moravian church in 1799, and
was sent to Surinam, South America,
where he served seven years. He revised
and improved a Dictionary, and trans
lated a Harmony of the Gospels into the
Arrawak language. He died Aug. 4, 1850.
in Salem, N. C.
SHULZE, JOHN ANDREW, state legis
lator, governor, was born July 19, 1775,
in Tulpehocken, Pa. He represented Leb
anon county for several years in the state
legislature; and was governor of Penn
sylvania from 1823 to 1829. He died Nov.
19, 1852, in Lancaster, Pa.
SHUMWAY. FRANK L., was born Jan.
25, 1878, in Richmondville, N. Y. He has
attained success as an educator; and re
sides in Normal Circle, Oneonta, N. Y.
SHUMWAY, HENRY COTTON, soldier,
artist, was born July 4, 1807, in Middle-
town, Conn. For many years he followed
his profession as a miniature-painter suc
cessfully in New York and other cities.
Among the numerous eminent men that
sat to him were Henry Clay, Daniel Web
ster, and Prince Napoleon, whose por
traits he painted in 1838. He died May 6.
1884, in New York.
SHUNK, FRANCIS RAWN, soldier,
lawyer, governor, was born Aug. 7, 1778,
in Trappe, Pa. He established himself for
the practice of law in Pittsburg; and was
governor of Pennsylvania from 1845 to
1848. He died July 30, 1848, in Harrisburg.
SHUPE, HENRY FOX, journalist, cler
gyman, was born March 18, 1860, in Scott-
dale, Pa. In 1893 he was elected editor
of The Watchword in Dayton, Ohio. He
has been one of the most earnest advo
cates of the Christian Endeavor movement,
and for several years served the cause as
one of the vice-presidents of the Penn
sylvania union.
SHURTLEFF, BENJAMIN, physician,
philanthropist. He donated ten thousand
dollars to the Baptist college of Upper
Alton, 111. The name of this institution
was changed in 1836 to Shurtleff college
in his honor.
SHURTLEFF, ERNEST WARBURTON,
clergyman, author, poet, was born April
4, 1862, in Boston, Mass. He is a congre
gational clergyman and verse-writer of
Plymouth, Mass.; and the author of Po
ems; Easter Gleams; Song of Hope;
When I was a Child; and New Year's
Peace.
SHURTLEFF, GEORGE AUGUSTUS,
physician, author, was born Aug. 5, 1819,
in Carver, Mass. In 1872 he was elected
president of the State Medical society of
California, holding this position until 1883.
He is the author of Medical Jurisprudence
of Insanity; The Obscure Forms of Epi
lepsy and the Responsibilities of Epilep
tics; and Suicide.
SHURTLEFF, NATHANIEL BRAD-
STREET, antiquarian, author, was born
June 29, 1810, in Boston, Mass. He was
an antiquarian of Boston; and the author
of Elements of Phrenology; A Perpetual
Calendar of Old and New Style; Topo
graphical Description of Boston; and Pas
sengers of the Mayflower in 1620. With
D. Pulsifer he edited The Records of the
Colony of New Plymouth, in twelve vol
umes. He died Oct. 17, 1874, in Boston,
Mass.
SHURTLEFF, ROSWELL MORSE, art
ist, was born June 14, 1838, in Rindge.
N. H. His animal paintings first gained
him distinction, and of these the best
known are The Wolf at the Door, and A
Race for Life. Among his later works in
oil, most of which are scenes in the Adi-
rondacks, are On the Alert; Autumn Gold;
Gleams of Sunshine (1881); and A Song
of Summer Woods.
SHUTE, SAMUEL, governor, was born
in 1653 in England. During 1716-23 he
was governor of Massachusetts. He died
April 15, 1742, in England.
SHUTE, SAMUEL MOORE, clergyman,
educator author, was born Jan. 24, 1823,
in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1859 he became
professor of the English language and
literature in Columbian university, Wash
ington, D. C. He is the author of a Man
ual of Anglo-Saxon.
SHUTTER, MARION DANIEL, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 4, 1863, in
New Philadelphia, Ohio. He has been pas
tor of the Olivet Baptist church of Min
neapolis, Minn., and is now pastor of the
First Universalist church of that city. He
is the author of Wit and Humor of the
Bible; Justice and Mercy; and Child of
Nature.
SIBBET, S. D., physician, author, poet,
was born in Northampton, Pa. For a
quarter of a century he has divided his
time between the practice of medicine and
scientific researches in Beaver Falls, Pa.
He is the author of a number of medical
books, and a volume of poems.
SIBLER, WILHELM. clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1801 in Prussia. He
was a Lutheran clergyman of Missouri;
and the author of Sermons on the Epistles
and Gcspels of the Christian Year.
SIBLER, WILLIAM BIENHAUSER,
college president, was born Nov. 22, 1826,
in New York city. In 1870-71 he was pres
ident of Albion college. New York city.
He is the author of Progressive Lessons in
Greek; Elementary Latin Grammar; A
History of St. James Methodist Episcopal
Church at Harlem, New York city; and
Parallel Classics.
SIBLEY, FRANK J., lecturer, journal
ist, author, was born Aug. 11, 1847, in
Royalton, N. Y. He received his education
at Lockport acad
emy, and has attain
ed success as a tem
perance lecturer and
(I author. In 1877 he
,» KV)t w was secretary of the
prohibition New
York state central
committee, and of
Kansas in 1880. Dur
ing 1882-85 he was
grand chief templar
of Good Templars of
Nebraska; and since
1893 has filled the same office for Georgia.
During 1889-93 he organized a company
and built the town of Demorest, Ga. He
has founded various newspapers, and is
the author of a number of works on Tem
perance.
SIBLEY, HENRY HASTINGS, soldier,
congressman, governor, was born Feb. 20,
1811, in Detroit, Mich. He was a delegate
to congress from Minnesota territory from
1849 to 1853. In 1857 he was elected its
first governor; and was a brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers during the rebellion.
He commanded an expedition against the
Minnesota Indians in 1863; and was sub
sequently brevetted a major-general of
volunteers. He died Feb. 18, 1891, i:i St
Paul, Minn.
SIBLEY, HIRAM, financier, was oorn
Feb. 6, 1807, in North Adams, Mass. He
was instrumental in obtaining from con
gress an appropriation in aid of Morse's
experiments and interested himself in tel
egraphy from the beginning. His tele
graphs eventually extended over thirteen
states; were consolidated under the name
of the Western Union Telegraph company,
of which he was president for seventeen
years. He became the largest owner of
improved lands in the United States, own
ing the Burr Oaks farm of nearly forty
thousand acres in Illinois; and the How-
land' Island farm of Cayuga, N. Y. He
gave a one hundred thousand dollar build
ing to hold a public library and the col
lections of the Rochester university; and
various other sums were donated by him.
He died July 12, 1888, in Rochester, N. Y.
SIBLEY, HIRAM LUTHER, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born May 4, 1836, in
Gustavus, Ohio. For fourteen years he
was judge of the court of common pleas
of the seventh district of Ohio; and in
1897 became circuit judge of the fourth
Ohio circuit for a term of six years. He
has received the degrees of A. M. and
LL. D., and is noted as one of the fore
most lawyers of Ohio at Marietta.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SIBLEY, JOHN LANGDON, librarian,
author, was born Dec. 29, 1804, in Union,
Maine. He was the librarian of Harvard
university in 1841-77; and the author of
History of the Town of Union, Maine;
and Biographical Sketches of Harvard
University Graduates. He died Dec. 9,
1885, in Cambridge, Mass.
SIBLEY, JONAS, state legislator, con
gressman, was born March 17, 1762, in
Sutton, Mass. From 1806 to 1823 he was
a member of the Massachusetts legisla
ture; was an elector for president in 1820;
and served again in both houses of the
legislature. He was a member of con
gress from Worcester county from 1823
to 1825. He died Feb. 10, 1834, in Sutton,
Mass.
SIBLEY, JOSEPH C., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Feb. 18, 1850, in
Friendship, N. Y. He is extensively en
gaged in farming and
stock raising; is a
manufacturer of lu
bricating and signal
oils, and interested
in various other man
ufacturing and busi
ness enterprises He
has been mayor of
Franklin, Pa.; and
president of the
Pennsylvania State
Dairymen's associa
tion. He was elected
a representative from Pennsylvania to the
fifty-third congress; and in 1896 his name
was put forward for the presidency of the
United States by the silver party of the
east.
SIBLEY, MARK HOPKINS, lawyer, ju
rist, state senator, congressman, was born
in 1796 in Great Barrington, Mass. • He
was a member of the New York assembly
in 1834 and 1835. He was a representa
tive in congress from 1837 to 1839; and
was subsequently a state senator; and in
1846 a county judge. He died Sept. 8, 1852,
In Canandaigua, N. Y.
SIBLEY. SOLOMON, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 7, 1769, in Sutton, Mass. He moved
to Detroit, Mich., in 1797; and in 1799
was elected to the first territorial legisla
ture of the North-western territory. He
was a delegate to congress from the terri
tory of Michigan from 1820 to 1823; and
in 1824 was appointed judge of the su
preme court of Michigan, and held the
office until 1836. He died April 4, 1846, in
Detroit, Mich.
SICKEL, HORATIO GATES, soldier,
was born April 2, 1817, in Belmont, Pa.
He entered the United States service in
1861 as colonel of the third regiment of
the Pennsylvania resene corps, and suc
ceeded General George G. Meade in the
command of the brigade. He died April
18, 1896, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SICKLES, DANIEL EDGAR, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born Oct. 20, 1823, in New York city. In
1847 he was elected
to the assembly of
New York, and in
1856 to the state sen
ate. He was elected
a representative from
New York to the
thirty-fifth congress;
and was re-elected to
the thirty-sixth con
gress He served in
the union army dur
ing the rebellion;
lost a leg in battle,
and attained the rank of major-general of
volunteers. In 1866 he was appointed
minister resident to the Netherlands, but
declined. He was subsequently appointed
a colonel in the regular army; and in
1867 was brevetted a major-general for
gallant and meritorious services at Get
tysburg. He was elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
SICKLES, NICHOLAS, congressman,
was born in Kinderhook, N. Y. He was a
representative in congress from 1835 to
1837. He died May 13, 1845, in Kingston,
N. Y.
SIDELL, WILL TECUMSEH, educator,
lawyer, was born Feb. 20, 1865, in Monroe
county, Ohio. For many years he was
engaged in educational work; and became
superintendent of schools for Wetzel coun
ty, W. Va. He was also editor of the Wet
zel Democrat for several years. He is
now a prominent lawyer of New Martins-
\ille, W. Va.; has been twice mayor of
that city; and has been connected with a
number of building and loan associations,
and taken an active part in the public af
fairs of his city, county and state.
SIDWELL. MILTON CRAVEN, educa
tor, lawyer, jurist, was born Nov. 16, 1855,
in Overton county, Tenn. He has held the
office of county surveyor of Clay county,
Tenn.; was superintendent of public in
struction for four years of Pickett county,
and four years held the same position in
Clay county, Tenn.; and attained success
as an educator. He is a prominent law
yer of Celina, Tenn.; has held the posi
tion of special judge in five courts; has
been attorney general pro tempore; ami
has taken a prominent part in politics.
He stands high in Masonry; and is a
member of several fraternal orders.
SIGEL, FRANZ, soldier, was born Nov.
18, 1824, in Germany. He served with dis
tinction through the civil war, attaining
the rank of brigadier-general.
SIGOURNEY, MRS. LYDIA HOWARD
[HUNTLY], author, poet, was born Sept.
1, 1791, in Norwich, Conn. She was one
of the most popular
of the earlier Ameri
can writers. She was
nearly all her life a
resident of Hartford.
Among her prose
writings are Myrtis;
Post Meridian; Let
ters to My Pupils;
Letters to Young La
dies; Traits of the
Aborigines in Ameri
ca; and Letters of
Life. Other Works
are Pocahontas; Moral Pieces in Prose
and Verse; Poetry for Children; and Zin-
zendorf, and Other Poems. She died June
10, 1865, in Hartford, Conn.
SIGSBEE, CHARLES D., naval officer,
was born in the state of New York. Dur
ing 1859-63 he attended the naval academy
and served in the
civil war in the west
gulf squadron. He
was in the battle of
Mobile bay, and at
both attacks at Fort
Fisher; and in the
final assault on same.
In 1867 he was com
missioned lieutenant,
and lieutenant-com
mander in 1868. Dur
ing 1869-71 he was
on duty at the naval
academy; and was promoted to command
er In 1882. He was in command of the
warship Maine, which was destroyed by
a sub-marine mine in Havana harbor. He
rendered important service during the
Spanish-American war.
SIKES, MRS. OLIVE [LOGAN], actress,,
author, was born in 1841 in New York. She-
is an actress and author, popular at one
period as a lecturer; and the author of
Photographs of Paris Life; Chateau
Frissac, or Home Scenes in France; John
Morris's Money; Somebody's Stockings;
Apropos of Women and Theaters; Before
the Footlights and Behind the Scenes;
The Mimic World; Get Thee Behind Me,
Satan; and They Met by Chance, a novel.
SIKES, WILLIAM WIRT, journalist,
author, was born in 1836 in Watertown,
N. Y. He was a journalist of New York
city who was consul at Cardiff, Wales, in
1876-83; and the author of British Gob
lins; Welsh Folk-Lore; One Poor Girl;
Rambles and Studies in Old South Wales;
and Studies of Assassination. He died
Aug. 19. 1883, in London, England.
SILKMAN, THEODORE HANNIBAL,
lawyer, public official, was born March 25,
1858, in New York city. He received his
education in Hooper's academy of Yonk-
t>is. N. Y. In 1879 he was admitted to
the bar and has since practiced law con
tinuously in New York city. He has been
United States commissioner for the city
of Yonkers; police commissioner for six
years; and is now president of the board.
He began a term of six years as surrogate
of West Chester county, N. Y., in 1895.
SILL, EDWARD ROWLAND, educator,
poet, was born April 29, 1841, in Windsor,
Conn. He was a poet and educator of
Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, and professor in the
unhersity of California in 1874-82. He was
the author of The Hermitage, and Later
Poems; and Poems. He died Feb. 27,
1887. in Cleveland, Ohio.
SILL. JOHN MAHELON BERRY, edu
cator, author, was born Nov. 23, 1831, in
Black Rot'k, N. Y. He is a Michigan edu
cator of prominence, principal of the State
Normal school; and the author of Syn
thesis of the English Sentence; and Prac
tical Lessons in English.
SILL, JOSHUA WOODROW, soldier,
was born Dec. 6, 1831, in Chillicothe, Ohio.
At the beginning of the civil war in April
he at once offered his services to the
governor of Ohio, and was commissioned
assistant adjutant-general of that state.
He was commissioned colonel of the thir
ty-third Ohio volunteers, and attained the
rank of brigadier-general. He died Dec.
31, 1862, in Murfreesboro, Tenn.
SILL, THOMAS H., lawyer, congress
man, was born in Connecticut. In 1826
he was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania to fill a vacancy; and was
again a representative in congress from
1829 to 1831.
SILLIMAN, AUGUSTUS ELY, financier,
author, was born April 11, 1807, in New
port, R. I. He was a banker of New York
city who published A Gallop Among
American Scenery. He died May 30, 1884,
in Brooklyn, N. Y.
SILLIMAN, BENJAMIN, educator, nat
uralist, author, was born Aug. 8, 1779, in
North Stratford, Conn. He was a chemist
of distinction, pro
fessor of chemistry
at Yale university in
1802-55; and the
founder in 1818 of
Silliman's Journal of
Science and Art. He
was the author of
Journal of Travels
in England; Narra
tive of a Visit to
Europe (1853); Ele
ments of Chemistry;
and Consistency of
Modern Geology with Sacred History. He
died Nov. 24, 1864, in New Haven, Conn.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
849
SILLIMAN, BENJAMIN, chemist, author,
was born Dec. 4, 1816, in New Haven,
Conn. He was a professor of chemistry
at Yale university from 1846 until his
death, and editor of Silliman's Journal.
He was the author of First Principles of
Chemistry; American Contributions to
Chemistry; and Principles of Physics. He
died Jan. 14, 1885, in New Haven, Conn.
SILLIMAN, BENJAMIN DOUGLAS,
lawyer, state legislator, was born Sept.
14, 1805, in Newport, R. I. He was elected
to the New York legislature in 1838. In
1865 he was appointed United States at
torney for the eastern district of New
York.
SILLIMAN, GOLD SELLECK, soldier,
was born May 7, 1732, in Fairfleld, Conn.
At the beginning of the revolutionary war
he was colonel of cavalry in -the local
militia. During the greater part of the
war he held the rank of brigadier-general
and was charged with the defense of the
southwestern frontier of Connecticut,
which, owing to the long occupation of
New York city by the British, was a duty
that required much vigilance. He died
July 31, 1790, in Fairfield, Conn.
SILLOWAY, THOMAS WILLIAM, arch
itect, clergyman, author, was born Aug. 7,
1828, in Newburyport, Mass. He is a Bos
ton architect who became a universalist
minister in 1862; and the author of Theo-
gonis; Text-Book of Modern Carpentry;
Warming and Ventilation; and Cathedral
Towns of England.
SILSBEE, MRS. MARIANNE CABOT
[DEVEREUX], author, was born in 1812.
She was a Boston writer who published A
Half Century in Salem, and several com
pilations of poems. .She died in 1889.
SILSBEE, NATHANIEL, merchant,
congressman, United States senator, was
born in 1773 in Essex county, Mass. He
was frequently elected to the Massachu
setts state legislature; and was for three
years president of the state senate. He
served as a representative in congress
from 1816 to 1820; and was a senator of
the United States from 1826 to 1835. He
was a presidential elector in 1837. He died
July 1, 1850, in Salem, Mass.
SILSBY, WILLIAM H., soldier, farmer,
was born Aug. 31, 1832, in Union county,
Pa. He served with distinction during
the civil war in the
union army. He was
first lieutenant of
company I, and cap
tain of company A,
in the tenth regi
ment Iowa volunteer
infantry; and was
promoted to lieuten
ant and colonel of
his regiment. He is
now a successful
farmer of Ashland,
Oregon.
SILVER, THOMAS, civil engineer, in
ventor, author, was born June 17, 1830, in
Greenwich, N. J. He was a civil engineer
well known as an inventor; and the au
thor of A Trip to the North Pole, or The
ory of the Origin of Icebergs. He died
April 12, 1888, in New York city.
SILVESTER, PETER, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, was born in
New York. He was a member of the Al
bany committee of safety in 1774; and of
the New York provincial congress. He
was a judge of the common pleas in 1776;
and was elected a member of the first con
gress under the federal constitution. He
was subsequently a state senator. He died
Jan. 30, 1845, in Kinderhook, N. Y.
54
SILVESTER, PETER H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 17, 1807, in Kin
derhook, N. Y. He was a representative
in congress from New York from 1847
to 1851.
SILVESTER, RICHARD WILLIAM,
educator, agriculturist, was born Sept. 16,
1857, in Norfolk, Va. In 1877 he gradu
ated from the Virginia Military institute.
The same year he was elected professor
of mathematics and military tactics at the
Charlotte academy; in 1886 the chair of
German was added to his duties; and in
1889 he was elected principal of the same
institution. In 1890 he was elected presi
dent of the Maryland Agricultural col
lege, and has since filled that position
with distinction.
SIMKINS, ARTHUR, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born about 1750 in
Virginia. At the beginning of the revolu
tionary war he took sides with the pa
triots, and his place, known as Cedar
Fields, was burned by the tories. After the
war he was chosen a member of the gen
eral assembly, and retained his seat for
nearly twenty years. He died in 1826 in
Edgefield, S. C.
SIMKINS, ELDRED, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Aug. 29,
1779, in Edgefield, S. C. He served fre
quently in the legislature; was lieutenant-
governor of South Carolina in 1812; and
was a general of militia. He was a rep
resentative in congress from South Caro
lina from 1817 to 1821. He died in 1832 in
Edgefield, S. C.
SIMMONS, F. M., lawyer, congressman,
was born Jan. 20, 1854, in Jones county,
S. C. In 1876 he moved to New Berne, N.
C., where he has since resided and prac
ticed his profession. He was elected to
the fiftieth congress as a democrat.
SIMMONS, GEORGE A., state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1771 in New
Hampshire. He served a number of years
in the assembly of New Hampshire; and
was elected a representative from New
Hampshire to the thirty-third and thirty-
fourth congresses. He died Oct. 27, 1857,
in Keesville, N. Y.
SIMMONS, GEORGE FREDERICK,
clergyman, author, was born March 24,
1814, in Boston, Mass. He was a well-
known clergyman of Massachusetts, and
the state of New York; and published a
number of sermons and religious works.
He died Sept. 5, 1855, in Concord, Mass.
SIMMONS, GUSTAVUS LINCOLN, sur
geon, physician, author, was born March
13, 1832, in Hingham, Mass. He is a suc
cessful physician and surgeon of Sacra
mento, Cal.; and is the author of The
Feigned Insanity of the Public Adminis
trator and Murderer Troy Dye.
SIMMONS, JAMES, lawyer, au
thor, was born June 11, 1821, in Middle-
bury, Vt. Besides filling several minor of
fices he was clerk of the county circuit
court of Wisconsin from 1861 till 1871. He
has published Simmons's Wisconsin Di
gest; Supplements to the same; Supple
ment to Wait's Digest, New York Re
ports; and Simmons's New Wisconsin Di
gest.
SIMMONS, JAMES FOWLER, farmer,
manufacturer, congressman, United States
senator, was born Sept. 10, 1795, in Little
Compton, R. I. He was a member of the
general assembly of Rhode Island from
1828 to 1841. He was elected to the United
States senate in 1841 for six years to
March 3, 1847; and was again chosen sen
ator for the term beginning March 4,
1857. He died July 10, 1864, in Johnson,
R. I.
SIMMONS, JAMES WRIGHT, poet, was
born in South Carolina. He published
Blue Beard, a Poem; and The Greek Girl.
A series of metrical tales, Wood Notes
from the West, remain in manuscript.
Verses by both brothers may be found
in Duyckinck's Cyclopaedia of American
Literature.
SIMMONS, P. R., business man, was
born April 14, 1874, in Yankton, S. D. For
many years he has been identified with the
lumber business, and is prominent in the
public affairs of Madison, Wis.
SIMMONS, THOMAS JEFFERSON,
lawyer, jurist, was born June 25, 1837, in
Crawford county, Ga. In 1871 and 1875
he was elected state senator from Geor
gia; in 1878 judge of the superior
court; and in 1887 chief justice of the su
preme court.
SIMMONS, WILLIAM HAYNE, poet,
was born about 1875 in South Carolina.
While in Charleston he published anony
mously an Indian poem entitled Onea. He
is also the author of A History of the
Seminoles.
SIMMONS, WILLIAM JOHNSON, cler
gyman, author, was born June 29, 1849,
in Charleston, S. C. He is a baptist min
ister of African birth who has published
Men of Mark.
SIMMS, JEPTHA ROOT, author, was
born Dec. 31, 1807, in Canterbury, Conn.
In 1829 he began the retail dry goods bus
iness in New York
city; and three years
later continued the
business in Schoha-
rie county, N. Y.
After 1842 he filled
the office of toll col-
^^ lector, and for nine
^ I years was ticket
jdj^^igf^HL I agent. His spare
^^i hours were employed
I in collecting an as-
V^HHM sortment of fossils,
which he sold for
five thousand dollars to the state of New
York for the Geological museum of Al
bany. He was a rapid writer and a vol
uminous contributor to current literature.
He was the author of a History of Scho-
harie County; The American Spy, Nathan
Hale; Trappers of New York; The Fron
tiersmen; and numerous lectures and po
ems. He died May 31, 1883, in Fort Plain,
N. Y.
SIMMS, JOSEPH, physiognomist, lectur
er, author, was born Sept. 3, 1833, in Plain-
field Center, N. Y. He received his edu
cation at the acad-
! emy of West Win-
' field, N. Y.; and has
, attained success and
^^£ a world-wide reputa-
4^P \ tion as a lecturer on
physiognomy. During
1854-84 he delivered
lectures in all parts
of the world, his.
principal lecture be
ing How to Rise in
the World. He taught
school in New York,
New Jersey, Wisconsin, and Illinois, later
studied medicine and surgery, and prac
ticed his profession for a short time. Dur
ing 1854-84 he lectured on physiognomy
and physiology with marked success in
all parts of the world. He is the author
of a Physiognomical Chart; Nature's Rev
elations of Character; Book of Scientific
Lectures; Health and Character; Practi
cal and Scientific Physiognomy; and other
works.
850
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN FIOGRAPH ':'.
SIMMS, WILLIAM E., congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was elected a
representative from that state to the thir
ty-sixth congress.
SIMMS, WILLIAM G1LMORE, author,
poet, was born April 17, 1806, in Charles
ton, S. C. He was a voluminous romancer
and verse-writer of Charleston. He was
the author of The Partisan; The Yemas-
see; Guy Rivers; Martin Faber; Border
Beagles; Beauchampe; and twelve vol
umes of verse: Atlantis; Lays of the Pal
metto; and Areytos, or Songs and Ballads
of the South. Other works of his include
A History of South Carolina; and Lives of
Marion, General Greene, Captain John
Smith, and Chevalier Bayard. He died
June 11, 1870, in Charleston, S. C.
SIMONDS, WILLIAM, journalist, au
thor, was born Oct. 30, 1822, in Charles
ton, Mass. He was a Boston journalist
who was a very popular writer for young
people; and the author of The Aimwell
Stories; The Boys' Own Guide; and Boys'
Book of Morals and Manners. He died July
7, 1859, in Winchester, Mass.
SIMONDS, WILLIAM EDGAR, soldier,
lecturer, congressman, author, was born
Nov. 25, 1841, in Collinsville, Conn. Since
^^^^^^^^^^^ 1865 he has practiced
law in Hartford,
Conn. During 1884-
93 he filled the lec
tureship on patent
law in the Yale Law
school; and for three
years in 1891-93 filled
the same chair in the
Columbia university
of Washington, D. C.
In 1882 he was elect
ed a member of the
Connecticut state leg
islature; and in 1885 received the re
election and was made speaker. He was
a member of the fifty-first congress in
1889-91 ; and was United States commis
sioner of patents in 1891-93. He is the
author of Design Patents; Digest of Pat
ent Office Decisions; Digest of Patent
Cases; and Summary of Patent Law.
SIMONS, MICHAEL LAIRD, journalist,
author, was born Sept. 7, 1843, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He edited Stodart's Review;
condensed D'Aubigne's History of the Re
formation; published Half-Hours with the
Best Preachers; and continued Duyck-
inck's Cyclopaedia of American Literature,
adding about one hundred new names
down to 1873. His last work is an extensive
History of the World. He died Nov. 17,
1880, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SIMONS, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in 1792. He was a representative in
congress from Connecticut from 1843 to
1845. He'died Jan. 13, 1847, in Bridgeport,
Conn.
SIMONS. THOMAS, lawyer, was born
Dec. 17, 1834, in Burmah. In 1865 he
moved to New York city, and became as
sistant United States attorney, serving un
til 1875, when he was appointed an assis
tant attorney-general of the United States,
residing at Washington.
SIMONS, THOMAS YOUNG, soldier,
journalist, lawyer, state legislator, was
born Oct. 1, 1828, in Charleston, S. C. In
1854-60 he was a member of the South
Carolina legislature, and in the latter year
a presidential elector. He was also a mem
ber of the convention that passed the or
dinance of secession in December, 1860,
and In the civil war he served as captain
of the twenty-seventh South Carolina reg
iment, and later as judge-advocate. He
died April 30, 1878, in Charleston, S. C.
SIMONSON, JOHN SMITH, soldier,
was born June 2, 1796, in Uniontown, Pa.
At the opening of the civil war he was
made superintendent of the volunteer re
cruiting service at Indianapolis, Ind., and
he continued on active military duty till
1869. In 1865 he was brevetted brigadier-
general United States army for long and
faithful service. He died Dec. 5, 1881, in
New Albany, Ind.
SIMONTON. CHARLES BRYSON, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born Sept.
8, 1838, in Tipton county, Tenn. He was
a member of the state house of represen
tatives in 1877 and 1878; and was elected
a representative from Tennessee to the
forty-sixth and forty-seventh congresses.
SIMONTON, WILLIAM, congressman.
He was a member of congress from Penn
sylvania from 1839 to 1843. He died May
18, 1846, in Hanover, Pa.
SIMPKINS, JOHN, state senator, con
gressman, was born June 27, 1862, in New
Bedford, Mass. He served in the Massa
chusetts state senate in 1890 and 1891;
and was a presidential elector for Harri
son and Reid in 1892. He was elected to
the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses.
SIMPSON, CHARLES WESLEY, jour
nalist, was born Feb. 11, 1857, in De Witt
county, Tex. In 1885 he graduated from
the Southwestern university of George
town, Tex., and received the degree of
A. M. He is the editor and owner of the
Spokesman of Colorado, Tex. He has been
county treasurer, postmaster, census enu
merator, and filled various other public
positions of trust.
SIMPSON, EDWARD, naval officer, au
thor, was born March 3, 1824, in New York
city. He was a naval officer of promi
nence, rear-admiral from 1884; and the
author of Ordnance and Naval Gunnery;
The Naval Mission to Europe; and Re
port of the Gun Foundry Board. He died
Dec. 2, 1888. in Washington, D. C.
SIMPSON, GEORGE SEMMES, pioneer,
was born May 7, 1818, in St. Louis, Mo.
After various experiences in Wyoming.
Colorado, and New Mexico he built the
old fort in 1842 where the city of Pueblo
now stands. He died Sept. 4, 1885, in Trin
idad, Colo., and was buried in a tomb
( ut out of the solid rock on the summit of
a mountain known as Simpson's Nest,
where he had once found shelter from the
Indians. A monument marks the spot.
SIMPSON, HARVEY S.. railroad presi
dent, was born in 1854 in Laurens, S. C.
Since 1891 he has been president of the
Glenn Springs railroad, South Carolina.
SIMPSON, HENRY, author, was born in
1790 in Pennsylvania. He was a Philadel
phia author who published Lives of Emi
nent Philadelphians. He died March 25,
1868, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SIMPSON, JAMES HERVEY, soldier,
author, was born March 9, 1813, in New
Jersey. He was a colonel of engineers and
brevet brigadier-general in the United
States army. He was the author of The
Shortest Route to California; and Coron-
ado's March in Search of the Seven Cities
of Cibola. He died March 2, 1883, in St.
Paul, Minn.
SIMPSON, JERRY, sailor, farmer, con
gressman, was born March 31, 1842, in
New Brunswick. In 1878 he drifted to
Kansas and is now living six miles from
Medicine Lodge, Barber county, where he
is engaged in farming and stock raising.
He was elected to the fifty-second and
fifty-third congresses as a farmers' alli
ance candidate; and was nominated for
the fifty-fourth congress, but was defeated
at the election; and was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a demo-populist.
SIMPSON, JOSIAH, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Pennsylvania. In 1812 he was
appointed United States judge for the ter
ritory of Mississippi.
SIMPSON, MARCUS DE LAFAYETTE,
soldier, was born Aug. 28, 1824, in Es-
perance, N. Y. During the civil war he
served in the commissary-general's office,
and he was brevetted colonel, brigadier-
general, and major-general in 1865.
SIMPSON, MATTHEW, bishop, author,
was born June 20, 1811, in Cadiz, Ohio.
He was a methodist bishop famous as a
pulpit orator; and
the author of Lec
tures on Preaching;
A Hundred Years of
Methodism; S e r-
mons; and Cyclo
paedia of Methodism.
During 1839-49 he
was president of the
Indiana Asbury uni
versity, now called
the De Pauw univer
sity. He rendered
vast services to the
country during the civil war; was often
sent for to visit Washington; and as
early as 1861 he had suggested the neces
sity of an emancipation proclamation. He
died June 18, 1884, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SIMPSON, RICHARD P., state senator,
congressman, was born in South Carolina.
He was a member of the senate of his na
tive state; and was a representative In
congress from South Carolina in 1843-47.
SIMPSON, W. D., soldier, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, congressman, governor, was
born June 11, 1803, in Brunswick county,
Va. In 1856 he was elected a representa
tive in the South Carolina state legisla
ture; and was re-elected. He was elected
a state senator in 1860. He entered the
confederate army as lieutenant-colonel on
staff duty; and was afterward major and
lieutenant-colonel in the line. In 1863 he
was elected a representative in the con
federate congress; and in 1868 was elected
a representative from South Carolina to
the forty-first congress. In 1876 he was
elected lieutenant-governor of South Car
olina; and was re-elected in 1878. In 1879
he became governor of the state by the
election of Governor Hampton to the
United States senate; and in that year
was elected chief justice of the supreme
court of the state for the term of six
years from 1880.
SIMPSON, WILLIAM ALEXANDER,
lawyer, scientist, author, was born Jan.
24, 1836, in Knox county, Tenn. He has
been county surveyor of Roane and Lou-
don counties, Tenn.; for sixteen years
a member of the magistrate's court of
London county; and for twenty-three
years postmaster of Stockton. He is a
noted scientist, and the author of A Com
mon Sense Commentary on the Bible.
SIMS, ALEXANDER DROMGOOLE,
educator, lawyer, congressman, was born
June 11, 1803, in Brunswick county, Va.
He served in the South Carolina state leg
islature in 1840 and 1842; and was a mem
ber of congress from South Carolina from
1845 to 1848. He died Nov. 11, 1848, in
Kingstree, S. C.
SIMS, CHARLES N., clergyman, college
president, author, was born May 18, 1835.
in Union county, Ind. In 1860 he became
president of Valparaiso college, Indiana;
and in 1862 was appointed to a pastoral
charge in Richmond, Ind. Since 1880 he
has been chancellor of Syracuse univer
sity. In 1882 and 1883 he was appointed
commissioner to the Onondaga Indian na
tion. He is the author of a Life of Thomas
M. Eddy.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
851
SIMS, CLIFFORD STANLEY, lawyer,
author, was born Feb. 17, 1839, in Dau
phin county, Pa. He was a lawyer of Ar
kansas, and latterly of New Jersey, whose
principal work is The Origin and Signifi
cation of Scottish Surnames. He died in
1896.
SIMS, HARRY MARION, physician,
surgeon, author, was born Feb. 27, 1851,
in Montgomery, Ala. He established him
self in New York city, giving much atten
tion to gynecology, on which subject he
has lectured for several years before the
New York polyclinic. He has prepared an
American edition of Dr. Grailly Hewitt's
work on Diseases of Women, with addi
tions showing the later improvements in
gynecology in this country.
SIMS, HENRY AUGUSTUS, architect,
was born Dec. 22, 1832, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He was long the secretary for foreign
correspondence of the American Institute
of Architects. He designed many city and
country residences and, among other pub
lic buildings, the Columbia Avenue and
Second Presbyterian churches in Philadel
phia, the chapel at Mercersburg, Pa., the
court-house at Hagerstown, Md., and the
almshouse of Montgomery county, Pa. He
died July 10, 1875, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SIMS, JAMES MARION, physician, sur
geon, author, was born Jan. 25, 1813, in
Lancaster county, S. C. He was a cele
brated surgeon of New York city to whose
influence is due the establishment of
gynaecology as a department of medicine;
and the author of Clinical Notes on Uter
ine Surgery; Ovariotomy; and The Story
of My Life. He died Nov. 13, 1883, in
New York city.
SIMS, JAMES PEACOCK, architect,
was born Nov. 15, 1849, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He designed, besides many private
residences, the building of the Royal In
surance company, Christ church and Holy
Trinity Memorial chapels, Philadelphia,
and Christ church in Germantown. He
died May 20, 1882, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SIMS, LEONARD H., congressman, was
born in North Carolina. He was elected a
representative in congress from Missouri
from 1845 to 1847.
SIMS, THETUS WILLRETTE, educa
tor, lawyer, congressman, was born April
25, 1852, in Wayne county, Tenn. He was
elected county superintendent of public
instruction for Perry county, Tenn., in
1882, and held that office for two years.
He was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a democrat.
SIMS, WINFIELD SCOTT, inventor,
was born April 6, 1844, in New York city.
He was the first to apply electricity for
the propulsion and guidance of movable
torpedoes for harbor and coast defense.
His torpedo is a submarine boat, with a
cylindrical hull of copper and conical ends,
supplied with a screw propeller and rud
der.
SINCLAIR, BREVARD D., lawyer,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 31, 1859,
in Charlotte. N. C. He graduated from
the Mantua academy of Philadelphia, Pa.,
the Princeton university, and the Prince
ton Theological seminary. During 1877-84
he was a member of the bar of the su
preme court of Ohio, North Carolina, and
the United States supreme court at Wash
ington, D. C. He then became a clergy
man of the presbyterian church, and has
filled pastorates in Fowlerville, N. Y. ;
Newburyport, Mass.; Seattle, Wash.;
and now fills a pastorate in St. Mark's
church of Yreka, Cal. He is the author of
The Crowning Sin of the Age, and other
works.
SINCLAIR, CARRIE BELL, poet, was
born May 23, 1839, in Milledgeville, Ga.
She is a verse writer of Philadelphia; and
the author of Poems; and Heart Whispers,
or Echoes of Song.
SINCLAIR, CHARLES E., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in Virginia. He was ap
pointed an associate justice of the United
States court for the territory of Utah.
SINCLAIR, DANIEL, journalist, was
born Jan. 12, 1833, in Scotland. For twen
ty years he was pastor of Winona, Minn,
where he is the editor and owner of the
Daily Republican.
SINCLAIR, EDGAR LAFAYETTE,
educator, clergyman, was born Oct. 21,
1851, in Branch county, Mich. He at
tended the Leoni College of the United
Brethren; the Olivet college; the Ohio
Normal university, from which institution
he graduated in 1874. For many years
he was engaged in educational work, and
became superintendent of schools. During
1879-81 he attended Albion college; has
attained prominence as one of the leading
clergymen in the methodist episcopal
church of Michigan, and now fills a pas
torate at Shelby.
SINCLAIR, JOSEPH F., manufacturer,
was born May 28, 1847. in Nova Scotia.
In 1863 he enlisted in the United States
marine corps, and was honorably dis
charged from the Naval hospital of Brook
lyn, N. Y., in May, 1865. In 1879 he moved
to Washington territory; built the first
saw-mill in Ballard, and in 1888 was pres
ident and manager of the same. In 1892
he became interested in the West Coast
Mining and Iron company, of which he is
still vice-president. In 1893 he was elected
department commander of Washington
and Alaska Grand Army of the Republic.
He has filled various public offices in the
gift of the people of Yakima City, Wash.,
and takes an active part in public affairs.
SINGER, ISAAC MERRITT, inventor,
was born Oct. 27, 1811, in Oswego, N. Y.
He was a machinist, and devoted himself
entirely to the study of improving sew
ing-machines. After years of close appli
cation he succeeded in completing a sin
gle-thread, chain-stitch machine, for
which he received a patent. He died July
23, 1875, in England.
SINGER, OTTO, musician, composer,
was born July 26, 1833, in Germany. He
was the author of The Landing of the Pil
grim Fathers; Festival Ode; and has
contributed to periodicals articles on his
torical and assthetical subjects. He died
in January, 1894, in New York city.
SINGERLY, WILLIAM MISKEY, pro
prietor of The Philadelphia Record, was
born Dec. 27, 1832, in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1877 he bought The Philadelphia Re
cord; and he brought the daily sales from
5,000 to more than 100,000 copies, and
made the enterprise profitable. He died in
1898.
SINGISER, THEODORE F., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born March 15,
1845, in Churchtown, Pa. He was employed
in the United States treasury at Washing
ton from 1875 to 1879, when he was ap
pointed receiver of public moneys at Ox
ford, Idaho. In 1880 he was appointed
secretary of Idaho territory; was acting
governor of the territory during the win
ter of 1881-82; and was elected the dele
gate from Idaho to the forty-eighth con
gress as a republican.
SINGLETON, JAMES W., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Nov. 23,
1811, in Paxton, Va. He served six terms
in the Illinois state legislature; and was
elected a brigadier-general of state mili
tia. He was president of the Quincy and
Toledo, and Quincy, Alton and St. Louis
railroads. He was elected a representative
from Illinois to the forty-sixth and forty-
seventh congresses as a democrat.
SINGLETON, OTHO R., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 14, 1814, in Jessamine county, Ky.
He was two years in the lower house of
the Mississippi legislature; and served
six years in the state senate. He was a
presidential elector in 1852; and was
elected a representative from Mississippi
to the thirty-third congress. He was also
elected to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth
congresses. He joined the great rebellion
in 1861, and served as a representative in
the confederate congress from 1861 to
1865. In 1875 he was elected a representa
tive to the forty-fourth congress; and was
re-elected to the forty-fifth, forty-sixth,
forty-seventh, forty-eighth, and forty-
ninth congresses as a democrat.
SINGLETON, THOMAS D., congress
man. He was elected to congress from
South Carolina in 1833, and, while on his
way to Washington to take his seat in
December, died at Raleigh, N. C.
S1NNICKSON, CLEMENT H., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 16,
1834, in Salem, N. J. In 1861 he raised a
company of volunteers, and enlisted as
captain in the fourth regiment of New Jer
sey volunteers. In 1874 he was elected a
representative from New Jersey to the
forty-fourth congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-fifth congress as a republican.
SINNICKSON, THOMAS, soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born in 1745
in Salem county, N. J. He served in the
revolutionary war at the battles of Tren
ton and Princeton in the capacity of cap
tain; and was for many years a member
of the council and assembly of New Jer
sey, and the presiding judge of the court
of common pleas. He was a representa
tive in the first congress, after the adop
tion of the constitution, from 1789 to 1/91;
and was again a representative in con
gress from 1797 to 1799. He was a presi
dential elector in 1801. He died May 15,
1817, in Salem, N. J.
SINNICKSON, THOMAS, merchant,
lawyer, jurist, state legislator, congress
man, was born Dec. 13, 1786, in Salem,
N. J. He was a judge of the court of
common pleas for twenty years; was a
member of the New Jersey legislature;
and judge of the court of errors and ap
peals. He was a representative in congress
from New Jersey during the years 1828
and 1829.
SIPE, WILLIAM ALLEN, lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 1, 1844, in Har-
risonville, Pa. He is a noted lawyer of
Pittsburg, Pa. He was elected as a demo
crat to the fifty-second congress to fill a
vacancy; and also elected to the fifty-
third congress.
SISSON, ABNER, poet. He is the au
thor of a volume of poems entitled Com
mon Sense Rhymes.
SITGREAVES, CHARLES, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
April 22, 1803, in Easton, Pa. He was a
member of the New Jersey assembly in
1831 and 1833; in 1834 was a member of
the legislative council; and was a mem
ber and president of the same in 1835. He
was a member of the state senate from
1852 to 1854. In 1864 he was elected a
representative from New Jersey to the
thirty-ninth congress. He was mayor of
Philipsburg in 1861, declining a re-elec
tion; was president of the Belvidere and
Delaware Railroad company; and was
president of the bank at Philipsburg. He
was re-elected to the fortieth congress as
a democrat.
852
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SITGREAVES, JOHN, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born about 1740
in New Berne, N. C. He was an officer in
the war of the revolution; was a delegate
to the continental congress from North
Carolina from 1784 to 1785; and in 1790
was appointed attorney-general for that
state. He soon afterwards was appointed
judge of the United States district court
for the district of North Carolina. He died
March 4, 1802. in Halifax, N. C.
SITGREAVES, SAMUEL, lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 16, 1764, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a representa-
the in congress from Pennsylvania from
1795 to 1798; and was then appointed
commissioner to treat with Great Britain.
He died April 4, 1824, in Easton, Pa.
SIVARTHA, ALESHA, author, was
born May 16, 1834, in England. During
1859-78 he made discoveries of certain
great laws in the constitution of man:
That the thirty-six faculties are in twelve
groups; that the institutions of society
are a direct outgrowth of the mental
faculties; and that each faculty creates
wants of its own kind. He has also in
vented a universal language, the Visona,
based upon the natural laws of sound, of
thought and expression. These discoveries
are embodied in The Book of Life, The
Visona, and in The Historic Growth of
Man.
SIVER, DATUS E., railroad president,
was born Oct. 15, 1840, in Milford, N. Y.
Since 1888 he has been president of the
Cooperstown and Charlotte Valley rail
road at Cooperstown, N. Y.
SIZER, NELSON, phrenologist, au
thor, was born May 21, 1812, in Chester,
Mass. He has been associate editor and ed
itor of the Phrenological Journal, vice-
president of the firm, and president of and
teacher in the American Institute of Phre
nology. As an author he has published
books of great value, such as Forty Years
in Phrenology; Choice of Pursuits; and
How to Teach.
SKAGGS, ANDREW E., physician, po
et, was born April 31, 1862, in New Cas
tle county, Del. He attended the Balti
more Medical college, and the Veterinary
Surgeon college. He has filled various
public positions of trust in his native
county; and is a prominent physician of
Townsend. He has contributed many po
ems to the periodical press; and is widely
known as the Poet of Delaware.
SKELTON, CHARLES, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New Jersey
from 1851 to 1855.
SKENE, ALEXANDER JOHNSTON
CHALMERS, physician, author, was born
June 17, 1837. in Scotland. He is a Brook
lyn physician, professor of gynaecology in
Long Island College hospital from 1884;
and the author of Diseases of the Bladder
in Women; and Diseases of Women from
the Standpoint of the Physician.
SKIDDY, WILLIAM, wheelwright, man
ufacturer, banker, was born in 1845, in
New York city. He went to Russell's
Military school in New Haven, Conn.; and
at the breaking out of the war was de
tailed to assist in drilling three months'
volunteers. In 1865 he graduated from
Yale college. He subsequently started in
business, became interested in mining,
and in 1875 became connected with The
Stamford Manufacturing company, one of
the oldest concerns in the United States,
being established in 1796, and of which
corporation he is president. He is a di
rector in several banks, and active in
various organizations connected with Yale
university. He was commissary-general
of the state of Connecticut at one time;
was a delegate to the national democratic
conventions of 1884 and 1892; and has
held various positions of honor in Stam
ford, Conn. He is a prominent member
of the protestant episcopal church; and
has been a delegate to the general conven
tions of that church held at Chicago, New
York, Baltimore and Minneapolis.
SKILTON, JULIUS AUGUSTUS, physi
cian, surgeon, author, was born June 29,
1833, in Troy, N. Y. He served in New
York city during the draft riots, and was
medical director of cavalry department
of the southwest in 1864-65. In 1869 he
was appointed United States consul at the
city of Mexico, and in 1872 he was pro
moted to be consul-general, holding the
office until 1878. Besides his annual re
ports he has published Mining Districts
of Parhuca, Real del Monte, El Chico, and
Star Rosa, State of Hidalgo, Republic of
Mexico.
SKINNER, CHARLES MONTGOMERY,
journalist, author, was born in 1852 in
New York. He is a journalist of Brook
lyn, associate editor of The Eagle; and
the author of Villon the Vagabond, and
other plays; Myths and Legends of Our
Own Land; and Nature in a City Yard.
SKINNER, CHARLES RUFUS, journal
ist, state legislator, congressman, was
born Aug. 4, 1844, in Union Square, N. Y.
He was a member of the board of educa
tion of Watertown, N. Y., from 1875 to
1883; and was a member of the state house
of representatives from 1877 to 1881. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-se\enth congress to fill
a vacancy; and was re-elected to the for
ty-eighth congress as a republican.
SKINNER, FREDERICK GUSTAVUS,
soldier, journalist, author, was born
March 11, 1814, in Annapolis, Md. He
joined the staff of the Turf, Field and
Farm in New York, and, as field editor
of that journal, was instrumental in
bringing about the first field trial, the
first bench-show of dogs, and the first in
ternational gun-trial that was ever held in
the United States.
SKINNER, HALCYON, inventor, was
born March 6, 1824, in Mantua, Ohio. In
1874 he invented a power-loom for weav
ing moquette carpets, which had up to
this date been woven entirely by hand.
SKINNER, HARRY, lawyer, congress
man, was born May 25, _1855, in Perqui-
mans county, N. C. In 1890 he was elected
to the lower house of
the North Carolina
legislature. He has
served as chairman
of the democratic
executive committee
of his county, chair
man of the demo
cratic executive com
mittee of the first
congressional dis
trict, and on the
state central com
mittee. He is chair
man of the populist executive commit
tee of his county and on the state cen
tral committee; and is a trustee of the
state university. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a
populist.
SKINNER, HENRY, surgeon, entomolo
gist, author, was born March 27, 1861, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was elected asso
ciate state entomologist of Pennsylvania
in 1894; and since 1896 has been profes
sor of entomology in the Academy of Nat
ural Sciences of Philadelphia, Pa. He is
editor of the Entomological News, and has
lectured extensively on that subject.
SKINNER, JOHN STUART, journalist,
author, was born Feb. 12, 1788, in Mary
land. He was the author of Nautical Edu
cation; Christmas Gift to Young Agricul
turist; Agricultural Chemistry; and You-
att on the House. He died March 21, 1851,
in Baltimore, Md.
SKINNER, OTIS AINSWORTH. clergy
man, author, was born July 3. 1807, in
Royalton, Vt. He was a universalist min
ister of Boston and elsewhere; and the
author of Family Prayer Book; Sermons
on Doctrinal Subjects; Universalism De
fended; Letters on Revivals; and Moral
Duties of Parents. He died Sept. 18, 1861,
in Lapierville. 111.
SKINNER, RICHARD, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
May 30, 1778, in Litchfield, Conn. He
moved ^o Manchester, Vt. ; he served in
congress from 1813 to 1815; was elected a
judge of the supreme court of Vermont in
1816; and became chief justice of that
court in 1817. In 1818 .he was elected to
the lower branch of the legislature, and
was speaker. He was governor of Ver
mont in 1820, 1821 and 1822; and was re-
appointed chief justice in 1824. He died
May 23, 1833, in Manchester, Vt.
SKINNER, THOMAS GREGORY, far
mer, soldier, lawyer, congressman, was
born Jan. 21, 1842, in Perquimans county,
N. C. He was elected a representative
from North Carolina to the forty-eighth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth and fitly-first congresses as a demo
crat.
SKINNER, THOMAS HARVEY, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born March
7, 1791, in Harvey's Neck, N. C. He was
a presbyterian clergyman of New York
city, professor of sacred rhetoric in Union
seminary in 1848-71; and the author of Re
ligion of the Bible; Aids to Preaching and
Hearing; Discussions in Theology; and
Thoughts on Evangelizing the World. He
died Feb. 1, 1871, in New York city.
SKINNER, THOMAS J., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1796 to 1799, and
again from 1803 to 1804.
SKINNER, WELLS HAWKS, educator,
author, was born Jan. 1, 1856, in Jeffer
son county, W. Va. He has been super
intendent of city schools in various
cities; and in 1895 was president of the
Nebraska State Teachers' association. He
is the author of Studies in Literature and
Composition, and other works.
SLACK, JAMES RICHARD, educator,
soldier, legislator, jurist, was born Sept.
28, 1818, in Bucks county. Pa. He grad
uated from the acad
emy of Newton, Pa.,
and in 1837 moved
with his parents to
Delaware county,
Ind. He next entered
educational work,
and subsequently
was admitted to the
bar, and practiced
his profession in
Huntington. During
1842-51 he filled the
office of county audi
tor; and for two terms was a member of
the Indiana state senate. In 1858 he was
again elected to the state senate and
served four successive terms until 1861.
He served In the civil war in the forty-
seventh regiment of the Indiana volunteer
infantry; was made brigadier-general in
1864; and major-general by brevet in 1866.
In 1872 he was elected Judge of the twen
ty-eighth judicial circuit of Indiana, and
served in that office until his death on
July 28, 1881.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
853
SLADE, CHARLES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Illinois from 1833 to 1834. He died in
July, 1834, in Knox county, Ind.
SLADE, DANIEL DENISON, physician,
scientist, author, was born May 10, 1823,
in Boston, Mass. He attended the Bos
ton Latin school and
graduated from the
Harvard university.
He was a physician
and scientist, and
professor of zoology
'••«' *• . at Harvard univer
sity from 1871. He
was the author of
Diphtheria: its Na
ture and Treatment;
Twelve Days in the
Saddle, a Journey in
New England in
1883; and Evolution of Horticulture in
New England. He died Feb. 11, 1896, in
Chestnut Hill, Mass.
SLADE, EMMA M. R. H., was born Jan.
11, 1847, in Lowell, Mass. She is the
founder and organizer and first president
of the National Society of New England
Women; the president of the United
States Daughters of 1812 for New York,
New Jersey and New England; and a
prominent member of the Daughters of
the Revolution.
SLADE, JAMES P., educator, college
president, was born Feb. 9, 1837, in West-
erlo, N. Y. This eminent educator is the
state superintendent of public instruction
of Illinois, and president of the Almira
college.
SLADE, WILLIAM, journalist, lawyer,
Jurist, congressman, governor, author, was
born May 9, 1786, in Cornwall, Vt. In 1815
he was elected secretary of state of Ver
mont, which office he held eight years,
during six of which he officiated as judge
of the Addison county court. He was sub
sequently state's attorney for the same
county. He was a representative in con
gress from Vermont from 1831 to 1843;
and on his retirement from congress was
elected reporter of the decisions of the su
preme court of Vermont. In 1844 he was
chosen governor of Vermont; and was
subsequently made secretary of the na
tional board of popular education. In 1823
he published the Vermont State Papers;
in 1825 the Statutes of Vermont; and in
1S44 a volume of Vermont Reports. He
died Jan. 18, 1859, in Middlebury, Vt.
SLAFTER, CARLOS, educator, author,
was born July 21, 1825, in Thetford, Vt.
He received his education at the Thetford
academy, and in 1849 graduated from
Dartmouth college. He taught one year in
the Framingham academy; and for forty
years, during 1852-92, was principal of the
Dedham High school, Mass. In 1865 he
was admitted to deacon's orders in the
episcopal church; and for three years was
chaplain of the county prison at Dedham.
He is the author of a Compendium of Eng
lish Grammar, several novels, and various
addresses on patriotic, educational and
historical subjects.
SLAFTER, EDMUND FARWELL, cler
gyman, author, was born May 30, 1816, in
Norwich, Vt. For twenty years he was
superintendent for the protestant episco
pal church and the American Bible socie
ty; and since 1877 has devoted his time
to historical studies. He is most noted
for his Memorial of John Slafter, with
genealogical account of his descendants.
SLAGLE, CHARLES W., merchant, phi
lanthropist, was born March 11, 1828, in
Hanover, Pa. He is distinguished as
a successful merchant and philanthropist
of Baltimore, Md.
SLATER, JAMES HARVEY, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, United States sena
tor, was born Dec. 28, 1826, in Sangamon
county, 111. He was a member of the
Oregon territorial assembly in 1857 and
1858, and of the state assembly immedi
ately after the admission of Oregon as a
state. He was elected district attorney in
1866; and was a presidential elector in
1868. He was elected a representative
from Oregon to the forty-second congress;
and was elected a United States senator
from Oregon for the term of six years from
March 4, 1879. In 1887 he was appointed
railroad commissioner for Oregon.
SLATER, JOHN FOX, philanthropist,
was born March 4, 1815, in Slaterville, R.
I. He was early interested in the cause
of education, and gave liberally for the
establishment of the Norwich free acad
emy and other objects. In 1882 he placed
in the hands of trustees $1,000,000, the
interest of which is to be used for the
education of freedmen in the south. He
died May 7, 1884, in Norwich, Conn.
SLATER, WILLIAM ALBERT, philan
thropist. In 1886 he transferred to the
Norwich free academy a building cost
ing one hundred and fifty thousand dol
lars, which he erected in memory of his
father, John Fox Slater.
SLAUGHTER, GABRIEL, soldier, far
mer, state legislator, governor, was born
in 1767 in Virginia. He was frequently a
member of the Kentucky state legisla
ture. At the battle of New Orleans he was
chosen colonel of a Kentucky regiment,
and received the thanks of the legisla
ture. He was chosen lieutenant-governor,
and, after the death of Governor Madi
son, was governor from 1816 to 1820. He
died Sept. 9, 1830, in Mercer county, Ky.
SLAUGHTER, GUILFORD H., farmer,
state senator, was born Aug. 29, 1828, in
Hopkinsville, Ky. He was postmaster for
twenty-five years; and for the same period
was a justice of the peace. For two
terms he served as a state senator.
SLAUGHTER, LINDA W., journalist,
poet, was born Feb. 1, 1850, in Harrison
county, Ohio. She is a writer of Bismarck,
N. D. ; and has been' vice-president of the
Woman's National Press association at
Washington, D. C. She is the author of
several prose works; and a volume of po
ems entitled Early Efforts.
SLAUGHTER, PHILIP, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 26, 1808, in Springfield,
Va. He was an episcopal clergyman of
Virginia, historiographer of the diocese;
and the author of The Colonial Church in
Virginia; and Man and Woman.
SLAUGHTER, WILLIAM BANK, law
yer, author, was born April 10, 1798, in
Culpeper county, Va. He was a Wisconsin
lawyer of note who published Reminis
cences of Distinguished People I Have
Met. He died July 21, 1879, in Madison,
Wis.
SLAUGHTER, WILLIAM MONTGOM-
RIE, lawyer, legislator, jurist, was born
July 25, 1833, near Waverly, Ohio. He
received a liberal education at the public
schools, and at Otterbein university, Ohio.
In 1856 he was a representative in the Ne
braska legislature; and in 1859 was a
representative in the legislature of Jef
ferson Territory, now Colorado. In
1859-60 he was judge of appellate
court, people's government of Denver. He
also served with distinction in the Colo
rado legislature of 1862, and 1867-68. In
1870 he was chief clerk of the house of
representatives, and has filled various
other positions of honor. Since 1866 he
has been continuously in the practice of
law, and now resides at Loveland, Colo.
SLAYDEN, JAMES L., merchant, state
legislator, congressman, was born June 1,
1853, in Graves county, Ky. He was a
member of the twenty-third legislature of
Texas in 1892; declined re-election; and
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat. He has taken an active part in
various debates on bills that affect the
welfare of his state; and has served on
numerous important committees. He is a
successful cotton merchant of San An
tonio, Texas.
SLAYMAKER, AMOS, soldier, con
gressman, was born March 11, 1755, in
London Lands, Pa. He served as a soldier
in the revolutionary army. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Pennsylvania
during a part of the thirteenth congress to
fill a vacancy. He died June 12, 1837, in
Salisbury, Pa.
SLEAT, JOHN DRAKE, naval officer,
was born in 1780, in New York city. In
1800 he entered the navy as sailing mas
ter, passed through all grades, and at
tained the rank of rear admiral. He died
Nov. 28, 1867, in New Brighton, N. Y.
SLEEPER, DAVID L., lawyer, state leg
islator, was born June 15, 1856, in Iowa.
During 1885-91 he was prosecuting attorney
of Athens county, Ohio. He was elected
as a republican to the seventy-first gen
eral assembly of Ohio; and re-elected to
the seventy-second general assembly; and
served as speaker of the house.
SLEEPER, JOHN SHERBURNE, jour
nalist, author, was born Sept. 21, 1794, in
Tyngsboro, Mass. He was a shipmaster
and subsequently a journalist of Boston,
editor of The Journal in 1834-54; and the
author of Tales of the Ocean; Salt-Water
Bubbles; Jack in the Forecastle; and
Mark Rowland, a Tale of the Sea. He
died Nov. 14, 1878, in Boston Highlands,
Mass.
SLEEPER, WILLIAM TRUE, clergy
man, poet, was born Feb. 9, 1819, in Dan-
bury, N. H. He received his education in
Exeter, N. H.; grad
uated from the uni
versity of Vermont
in 1850; and three
years later from the
Andover Theological
seminary. For four
years he was chap
lain of the reform
school at Westboro,
Mass.; and has filled
pastorates at Patten,
Sherman and Fort
Fairfield, Maine; and
for nineteen years at Worcester, Mass.
He was supervisor of schools in Aroostook
county, Maine, during 1870-72; was editor
and founder of the North Star of Caribou,
Maine; and the projector and president
of the Aroostook River railroad. Since
1853 he has been engaged in the ministry,
and has built five churches. He is the
author of a volume of poems; and has
contributed extensively to current liter
ature.
SLEETH, JAMES M., jurist, state legis
lator, was born March 24, 1817, in Clarks
burg, Va. He was nominated and elected
state senator from Shelbyville, Ind., and
served one long term of three sessions.
He was chosen for the second time in
1851. In 1853 he was elected judge of the
court of common pleas, which position he
creditably filled for eight years. In 1869
he was again sent to the legislature, to
represent the counties of Bartholomew
and Shelby.
S54
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SLEMMER, ADAM J., soldier, was born
in 1828, in Montgomery county, Pa. In
1850 he graduated from West Point;
served in the Semi-
nole, Mexican and
civil wars. He at
tained the rank of
brigadier-general of
volunteers in 1862;
and took an active
part in the battle of
Murfreesboro. From
1863 to the close of
the war he served on
an examining board
as its president. He
won the brevets of
colonel and brigadier-general in the
United States army in 1865; and spent the
balance of his life in command at Fort
Laramie, Kas., where he died Oct. 7, 1868.
SLEMONS, WILLIAM F., soldier, law
yer, congressman, was born March 15,
1830, in Weakly county, Tenn. He en
tered the southern army in 1861, and re
mained in service until its close; and
rose from lieutenant to brigadier-general,
and commanded a division. After the
war he was district attorney; and was
elected a representative from Arkansas
to the forty-fourth, forty-fifth and forty-
sixth congresses as a democrat.
SLENKER, MRS. EMMA IDRAKE],
author, was born Dec. 23, 1827, in La
Grange, N. Y. She is a writer living at
Snowville, Va.; and the author of Study
ing the Bible; John's Way; The Darwins;
Mary Jones; and Little Lessons for Little
Folks.
SLEYSTER, AARON L., photographer,
poet, was born March 11, 1856, in Waupun,
Wis. He is a successful photographer of
Preston, Minn.; and the author of How
ard Gray and Other Poems; and Hours of
Pleasure, illustrated.
SLICER, HENRY, clergyman, author,
was born in 1801 in Annapolis, Md. He
was a methodist clergyman, eight times
chaplain of the United States senate; and
the author of Appeal on Christian Bap
tism; and Discourse on Duelling. He died
April 23, 1874, in Baltimore, Md.
SLIDELL, JOHN, lawyer, state legisla
tor, congressman, United States senator,
was born about 1793 in New York city. He
was appointed United States district at
torney; and was frequently elected to the
legislature of Louisiana. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1843 to 1845;
and while in congress was appointed min
ister to Mexico. In 1853 he was elected
to the United States senate for the
unexpired term of Senator Soule; and
was re-elected for six years. He died July
29, 1871, in London, England.
SLIGH, JAMES ELISON, clergyman,
journalist, lawyer, was born July 31, 1841,
in Minden, La. He attended the Minden
academy, and received a liberal education.
He has been a successful clergyman, and
pastor of churches in Greenville, Texas,
and White Oaks, N. M. While in New
Mexico he was an assayer in a mining
camp, and subsequently studied law.
Since 1890 he has practiced law in Shel-
ton, Wash.; has been postmaster of his
city for three years; and was the founder
and editor of the Sentinel of that city.
SLINGERLAND, JOHN I., agriculturist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
March 1, 1804, in Albany county, N. Y. He
was a member of the New York legisla
ture In 1843; and was a representative in
congress from New York from 1847 to
1849. He died Oct. 26, 1861, in Albany,
N. Y.
SLOAN, A. SCOTT, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1820
in Morrisville, N. Y. He moved to Wis
consin in 1854; was elected to the Wiscon
sin legislature in 1856; was appointed a
circuit judge in 1858; and in 1860 was
elected a representative from Wisconsin
to the thirty-seventh congress.
SLOAN, ANDREW, lawyer, congress
man, was born June 10, 1845, in McDon-
ough, Ga. He moved to Savannah, and
was appointed deputy collector of cus
toms. He was appointed United States
district attorney, and held the position
until 1872. In 1872 he was elected a rep
resentative from Georgia to the forty-
third congress.
SLOAN, CLAY, planter, state senator,
was born Aug. 20, 1861, in Smithville,
Ark. He has served with distinction as
a member of the Arkansas state senate;
and has filled the office of auditor of state.
SLOAN, GEORGE BEALE, merchant,
state senator, was born June 20, 1831, in
Oswego, N. Y. He strongly supported the
cause of the union during the civil war,
and was four times elected to represent
his district in the state assembly, namely,
in 1874, 1876, 1877 and 1879, and was,
during two terms, chairman of the com
mittee on ways and means, and one term
speaker of the assembly. He was also
three times elected to the state senate
and served continuously from 1886 to 1891.
SLOAN, ITHAMAR C., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Madison county,
N. Y. He removed to Wisconsin in 1854;
and in 1858 and 1860 was chosen district
attorney of Rock county. In 1862 he was
elected a representative from Wisconsin
to the thirty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the thirty-ninth congress.
SLOAN, JAMES, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from New
Jersey from 1803 to 1809. He died in No
vember, 1811, in New Jersey.
SLOAN, JOHN A., soldier, autnor, was
born July 20, 1839, in Greensboro, N. C.
He served in the civil war, attaining the
rank of colonel. He is the author of a
History of North Carolina in the War Be
tween the States. He died in November,
1886, near Baltimore.
SLOAN, SAMUEL, architect, was born
March 7, 1815, in Chester county, Pa. He
was an architect of Philadelphia; and the
author of City and Suburban Architect
ure; Constructive Architecture; The Mod
el Architect; and Homestead Architect
ure. He died July 19, 1884, in Raleigh,
N. C.
SLOAN, SAMUEL, railroad president,
state senator, was born Dec. 25, 1819, in
Ireland. He has served in the senate of
the New York state legislature. He has
been president of the Hudson River rail
road, Michigan Central railroad, and vari
ous other railroads.
SLOAN, SAMUEL G., educator, clergy
man, was born July 12, 1864, in Fulton
county, 111. For many years he was en
gaged in educational work as a teacher in
the public schools and as a college pro
fessor. He has attained success as a
clergyman in the baptist church, and now
fills a pastorate in Pratt, Kas.
SLOANE, JAMES RENWICK WILSON,
educator, college president, was born May
29, 1823, in Topsham, Vt. He was presi
dent of Richmond college, Ohio, in 1848-
50; of Geneva college, in the same state,
in 1851-56; and professor of systematic
theology and homiletics in Alleghany The
ological seminary from 1868 till his death.
He died March 6, 1886, in Alleghany City,
Pa.
SLOANE, JOHN, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1779 in York, Pa.
He was elected a member of the Ohio
general assembly in 1804 and 1805, and
1805 was speaker. He was a receiver of
public moneys at Canton, Ohio, from 1808
to 1816; and was afterward at Wooster
until 1819. He was a colonel of militia
during the war of 1812. In 1819 he was
elected to congress as a representative
from Ohio, continuing a member until
1829. He was secretary of state for three
years; and was treasurer of the United
States under President Fillmore. He died
May 15, 1856, in Wooster, Ohio.
SLOANE, JONATHAN, congressman,
was born in Massachusetts. He settled in
Ohio; and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1833 to 1837.
SLOANE, RUSH RICHARD, lawyer,
jurist, financier, was born Sept. 18, 1828,
in Sandusky, Ohio. He was twice elected
probate judge of Sandusky, Ohio. In 1879
the city of Sandusky made him mayor for
a two years' term. Judge Sloane has been
a promoter of railroad building in Ohio,
and actually built the line between Colum
bus and Springfield.
SLOANE, THOMAS O'CONOR, chem
ist, author, was born Nov. 24, 1851, in New
York city. He is a chemist of New York
city, on the editorial staff of The Scientific
American; and the author of Home Ex
periments in Science; and Standard Elec
trical Dictionary.
SLOANE, WILLIAM MILLIGAN, edu
cator, author, was born Nov. 12, 1850, in
Richmond. Ohio. He is a professor of
history at Columbia college; and the au
thor of The French War and the Revolu
tion; Life of James M'Cosh; and Life of
Napoleon Bonaparte.
SLOAT, JOHN DRAKE, naval officer,
was born in 1780, in New York city. He
served in the war of 1812, and the Mexi
can and civil wars; attaining for meri
torious services the rank of rear admiral.
He died Nov. 28, 1867, in New Brighton,
N. Y.
SLOCUM, ELLIOTT TRUAX, legislator,
capitalist, was born May 15, 1839, in Tren
ton, Mich. In 1869 he was elected a state
senator to the Michigan legislature. He
is now one of the directors of the Union
Trust company of Detroit.
SLOCUM, HENRY WARNER, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Sept. 24, 1827, in New York. In 1859
he was elected to the
state legislature; and
from 1859 to 1861
was instructor of
artillery in the New
York militia. When
the rebellion broke
out he was chosen
colonel of the twen
ty-seventh regiment
of New York volun
teers: and before the
close of 1861 was
made brigadier-gen-
In 1862 he was ap
pointed a major-general. In 1868 he was
chosen a presidential elector. He was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-first and forty-second con
gresses; and was also elected to the forty-
eighth congress.
SLOCUM, JANE M.', educator, lecturer,
was born May 1, 1842, in Slocumville, N.
Y. She has attained success in educational
work; and has lectured extensively on so
cial economics, social ethics, science of
government, and current topics.
eral of volunteers.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
855
SLOCUM, JESSE, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from North
Carolina from 1817 to 1820. He died Dec.
20, 1820, in Washington, D. C.
SLOCUM, WILLIAM P., clergyman, col
lege president, was born July 29, 1851, in
Grafton, Mass. This eminent congrega
tional clergyman has been professor of
philosophy and president of Colorado col
lege since 1888.
SLOSS, JOSEPH H., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 12, 1826, in Somerville, Ala. He was
a member of the Illinois legislature in
1858. He returned to Alabama, and joined
the confederate army, in which he served
until the close of the war. He was elected
mayor of Tuscumbia after the war, and
continued in that office until 1870. He
was elected a representative from Ala
bama to the forty-second and forty-third
congresses.
SLOSSON, MRS. ANNIE [TRUM-
BULL], author, was born in Connecticut.
She is known as an entomologist whose
specialty is the study of moths. She is the
author of Aunt Liefy; Fishin' Jimmy;
Seven Dreamers; The Heresy of Meheta-
bel Clark; Anna Malann; and The China
Hunter's Club.
SLOUGH, JOHN P., soldier, state leg
islator, author, was born In 1829 in Cin
cinnati, Ohio. He was elected to the
Ohio state legislature, from which he was
expelled for striking a member during de
bate. In 1852 he was chosen secretary
of the central democratic committee. He
soon after went to Kansas; and in 1860
removed to Denver city, Colo. On the
breaking out of the civil war he served
with credit on the southwestern frontiers;
and was made a brigadier-general and
military governor at Alexandria, in Vir
ginia. At the close of the war he was
appointed chief justice of the territory of
New Mexico. He died Dec. 16, 1867, in
Santa Fe, N. M.
SLUTER, GEORGE LUDEWIG, clergy
man, author, was born May 5, 1837, in
Germany. He is a lutheran clergyman,
pastor at Arlington, N. J., from 1881; and
the author of History of Our Beloved
Church; Life of Tiberius; and The Re
ligion of Politics.
SMAIL, MARION, soldier, educator, po
et, was born July 8, 1846, in Whetstone,
Ohio. He attended the Wesleyan univer
sity of Bloomington, 111.; served as a sol
dier in the civil war; has been a success
ful teacher; has traveled extensively
throughout the United States; and is the
author of a number of meritorious po
ems. He is a manufacturer of medical ar
ticles in Indianapolis, Ind.
SMALL, ALVIN EDMOND, physician,
educator, was born March 4, 1811, in Maine.
In 1856 he removed to Chicago and en
tered at once into an extensive practice,
which he continued till his death. Soon
after his arrival in that city he was called
to the chair of theory and practice in
Hahnemann college, which he held for
life. He died Dec. 29, 1866, in Chicago.
SMALL, ELWOOD ELDENNE, journal
ist, poet, was born July 22, 18G9, in Mar
shall, Mich. He is a journalist of Val
paraiso, Ind.; and the author of a vol
ume of poems entitled Rhymes with Reas
on and Without.
SMALL, MICHAEL PETER, soldier,
was born Aug. 9, 1831, in Harrisburg, Pa.
He became brevet colonel of United States
volunteers, and brevet brigadier-general
In 1865, for meritorious services in the
subsistence department during the war.
Since 1884 he has been purchasing and de
pot commissary at Baltimore, Md.
SMALL, WILLIAM B., congressman.
He was elected a representative from New
York to the forty-third congress.
SMALLEY, DAVID A., lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born April 6, 1809, in
Middlebury, Vt. In 1842 he was elected
from Vermont a state senator, and de
clined a re-election. In 1853 he was ap
pointed collector of customs for Vermont;
was a delegate to the Cincinnati conven
tion of 1857; and in that year was ap
pointed United States district judge for
the district of Vermont.
SMALLEY, EUGENE VIRGIL, journal
ist, author, was born July 18, 1841, in
Randolph. Ohio. He is a journalist of St.
Paul; and the author of History of the
Northern Pacific Railroad; and History of
the Republican Party.
SMALLEY, FRANK, educator, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 10, 18io, in
Towanda, Pa. He has filled the chairs of
geology, zoology and botany in the Syra
cuse university; and since 1881 has filled
the chair of Latin language and literature
in the same institution. He is the author
of Latin Analysis; Latin Verse; Latin
Etymology; Latin Hymns; and other
works and translations.
SMALLEY, GEORGE WASHBURN,
journalist, author, was born June 2, 1833,
in Franklin, Mass. He is a noted jour
nalist who was the London correspondent
of the New York Tribune in 1867-95, and
from 1895 American correspondent of the
London Times. He is the author of Lon
don Letters, and Some Others; and Stud
ies of Men.
SMALLEY, JOHN, clergyman, author,
was born June 4, 1734, in Lebanon (now
Columbia), Conn. He was a congregation
al clergyman, pastor at New Britain from
1758 till his death; and the author of Na
tional and Moral Inability; and Universal
Salvation. He died June 1, 1820, in New
Britain, Conn.
SMALLS, ROBERT, naval officer, state
senator, congressman, was born April 5,
1829, in Beaufort. S. C. In 1868 he was
a member of the South Carolina house of
representatives; and he also filled the
unexpired term in the state senate for
two years. In 1872 he was re-elected to
that position; and was made brigadier-
general and afterwards major-general of
state troops. In 1874 he was elected a
representative from South Carolina to the
forty-fourth congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-fifth, forty-seventh, forty-
eighth and forty-ninth congresses as a re
publican.
SMART, AMANDA J.. poet, was horn
in 1830, in Thornton, N. H. She has writ
ten both prose and verse for the periodi
cal press; and her poems have been given
a place in Poets of America and other
standard works.
SMART, EPHRAIM K., lawyer, jour
nalist, state senator, congressman, was
born in 1813 in Prospect (now Searsport),
Maine. In 1841 he was elected state sena
tor from Maine; in 1842 was aid to the
governor, with the rank of lieutenant-col
onel; and was re-elected to the senate the
same year. He was a representative in
congress from Maine from 1847 to 1849,
and from 1851 to 1853. From 1853 to 1858
he was collector of customs at Belfast,
Maine. In 1854 he established the Maine
Free Press, and was its editor for three
years; and in 1858 was again elected to
the legislature.
SMART, MRS. HELEN HAMILTON
[GARDENER], author, was born in 1853
in Virginia. She is a Boston novelist
whose writings are mainly concerned with
the furtherance of social reforms. She is
the author of An Unofficial Patriot; Is
This Your Son, My Lord?; Facts and Fic
tions of Life; Pray You, Sir, Whose
Daughter?; Pushed by Unseen Hands; A
Thoughtless Yes; and The Fortunes of
Margaret Weld.
SMART, JAMES HENRY, educator, au
thor, college president, was born Jan. 30,
1841, in Center Harbor, N. H. For thirty
years he has been a member of the state
board of education of Fort Wayne, Ind.;
was thrice elected state superintendent of
public instruction; and became president
of Purdue university in 1883. He is the
author of The Indiana Schools and the
Men who Work in Them; a History of In
stitutes in the United States; and a se
ries of valuable Indiana state educational
reports.
SMART, JAMES S., soldier, journalist,
congressman, was born June 14, 1842, in
Baltimore, Md. In 1865 he took charge of
the Washington County Post, published at
Cambridge, N. Y. He was elected a rep
resentative from New York to the forty-
third congress as a republican.
SMEAD, ISAAC DAVID, manufacturer,
inventor, was born July 31, 1849, in Cole-
raine, Mass. He received his education
in the district schools, and in 1867 com
menced the manufacture of heating and
ventilating apparatus in Toledo, Ohio; has
since continued in the business with great
success; and is the president and superin
tendent of the Smead Furnace and Foun
dry company. He was a member of the
board of managers of the Ohio peniten
tiary for four years, and was reappointed
to that position for five years. He was
commissioner of mechanics and machin
ery for the Ohio centennial exposition;
and has served as colonel on the staff of
Governor J. B. Foraker.
SMEAD, WESLEY, physician, philan
thropist, author, was born Dec. 23, 1800,
in Westchester county, N. Y. He founded
in 1850 the Widows' home in Cincinnati,
to which he gave $37,000, and gave liber
ally to every public charity that came
to his notice. Besides essays on banking,
he published Guide to Wealth, or Path
way to Health, Peace and Competence. He
died Jan. 6, 1871, in Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
SMEDES, MRS. SUSAN [DABNEY],
author, was born Aug. 10, 1840, in Ray
mond, Miss. She is a Mississippi writer
now living in Washington, whose Me
morials of a Southern Planter is much
valued as an accurate picture of south
ern life.
SMEDLEY, SAMUEL LIGHTFOOT,
contractor, author, was born Dec. 29, 1832,
in Edgmont, Pa. In 1856 he plotted a
district of West Philadelphia into streets,
and soon after published the first complete
atlas of Philadelphia, which became the
standard authority for many years.
SMELT, DENNIS, congressman. He
was a representathe in congress from
Georgia from 1806 to 1811.
SMET, PETER JOHN DE, missionary,
author, was born Dec. 31, 1801, in Bel
gium. He was the author of Oregon Mis
sions and Travels; Western Missions and
Missionaries; and the New Indian
Sketches. He died Aug. 1, 1838, in New
ton, Conn.
SMILIE, JOHN, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1741 in Ireland. He
served in the legislature of Pennsylvania,
his adopted state. He was a representa
tive in congress from Pennsylvania from
1793 to 1795, and again from 1799 to 1813.
In 1797 he was a presidential elector. Ha
died Dec. 30, 1813, in Washington, D. C.
856
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SMILLIE, GEORGE HENRY, artist,
was born Dec. 29, 1840, in New York city.
He was elected an associate of the Nation
al academy in 1864, and an academician
in 1882, and is also a member of the
Water-color society. Among his works
in oil are A Lake in the Woods; A Flori
da Lagoon; A Goat Pasture; Merrimack
River; On the Massachusetts Coast; Sum
mer Morning on Long Island; and Light
and Shadow along Shore.
SMILLIE, JAMES, engraver, was born
Nov. 23, 1807, in Edinburgh. Among his
most noted works are copies of T. Cole's
four pictures: The Voyage of Life; Dream
of Arcadia; Harvesting; Mount Washing
ton; and Rocky Mountains. He died Dec.
4, 1885, in Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
SMILLIE, JAMES DAVID, artist, was
born Jan. 16, 1833, in New York city. He
was one of the founders of the American
Water-color society, and for five years its
president; also one of the founders of the
New York Etching club, of which he sub
sequently became president.
SMILLIE, NELLIE SHELDON JAC
OBS, artist, was born Sept. 14, 1854, in
New York. Her works include Grand
mother's Old Love Letters; When the
Dew is on the Grass, in oil; Priscilla;
Forgotten Strain; and Family Choir, in
water-colors.
SMILLIE, WILLIAM CUNNING, en
graver, was born Sept. 23, 1813, in Eng
land. He devoted himself to banknote en
graving, and was connected with several
firms which were ultimately merged in
the American Bank Note company.
SMISER, BUTLER, journalist, author,
poet, was born July 6, 1862, in Oldham
county, Ky. He is editor and owner of
The Indian Citizen of Atoka, I. T.; and
has contributed both prose and verse to
current literature.
SMITH, A. HERR, lawyer, congress
man, was born March 7, 1815. in Lancas
ter county, Pa. He was elected to the house
of representatives of Pennsylvania in 1843
and 1844; and in 1845 was elected to the
state senate. He was elected a represen
tative from Pennsylvania to the forty-
third, forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth,
forty-seventh and forty-eighth congresses
as a republican.
SMITH, ABNER, lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 4, 1843, in Orange, Mass. He is
a judge of the circuit court of Cook coun
ty, 111., and a man
whose high attain-
nii'iits have pliiccd
•• him in the front rank
^•K. I of the representa-
I tives of the legal
profession. His an
cestors on both sides
of the house figure
prominently in the
early history of this
country. On grad
uating from Middle-
bury college in 1866
he became principal of Newton academy
of Vermont, but resigned in 1868, when he
came to Chicago to take up the study of
his chosen profession. He was admitted
to the bar in 1868 at Chicago, where he
still resides, and enjoyed a large practice
in the state and supreme courts till the
fall of 1893, when he was nominated by
the republican party for the circuit court
judgeship and elected by an overwhelm
ing majority. On the bench as well as at
the bar he has made a record that will
long command the respect of the people of
Illinois. He also possesses great literary
ability.
SMITH, ABNER C., lawyer, journalist,
jurist, state senator, was born Feb. 14,
1814, in Vermont. In 1839 he moved to
Michigan; was judge of the county court;
judge of probate; and a state senator from
Macomb county in 1845-46. He was the
editor and publisher of the Macomb Coun
ty Gazette; and also of the Ancient Land
mark. He died Sept. 20, 1880, in Litch-
field, Minn.
ALAN PENNEMAN, physi-
born Feb. 3, 1840, in Baltimore,
is connected with nearly all the
of Baltimore as consulting phy-
surgeon. and has performed the
of lithotomy more than one
times, successfully in every in-
SMITH
cian, was
Md. He
hospitals
slcian or
operation
hundred
stance.
SMITH, ALBERT, lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. ?,, 1793, in Hanover,
Mass. He was sent to the general court
of Massachusetts in 1820. From 1830 to
1838 he was marshal of the United States
for Maine. He was a representative in
congress from Maine from 1839 to 1841;
and in 1842 was appointed United States
commissioner to settle the northeastern
boundary, under the Ashburton treaty,
which business was completed in 1847. He
died May 29, 1867, in Boston, Mass.
SMITH, ALBERT, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in New York. He was
a member of the New York assembly from
Genesee county in 1842; and was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1843 to 1847.
SMITH. ALFRED BAKER, soldier, law
yer, was born Nov. 17, 1825, in Massena,
N. Y. He received his education at the
St. Lawrence academy and Union college
of Schenectady, N. Y. During the civil
war he was a major in the one hundred
and fiftieth regiment New York volun
teer infantry; was promoted to lieutenant-
colonel and colonel of same; and brevet-
ted brigadier-general by President Lin
coln for gallant and meritorious services
in Georgia and the Carolinas. He took part
with his regiment in Gettysburg, and on
every march and fight it was in; and com
manded the regiment on its march to the
sea. He has since become one of the
leading lawyers of the east at Poughkeep
sie, N. Y. ; has been its postmaster for
eight years; and for thirty-eight years a
member of the board of education.
SMITH, ALCOCK C., lawyer, jurist, was
born in Kentucky. He moved to Washing
ton territory, from which he was appoint
ed a justice of the United States court for
the territory of Idaho.
SMITH, ANDREW J., lawyer, jurist,
was born Sept. 2, 1818, in Chillicothe,
Ohio. In 1875-76 he was attorney gen
eral of Michigan; in 1878 was appointed
judge of the second circuit to fill a vacan
cy from Cassopolis; and was re-elected
to the same office in 1881 for six years.
SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON, soldier,
was born April 28, 1815, in Bucks county,
Pa. In 1838 he graduated from West
Point; served with distinction in the Mex
ican and civil wars; and attained the bre
vet of major-general in the United States
army.
SMITH, ANDREW ROBINSON GID-
DINGE, physician, surgeon, state senator,
was born in May, 1841, in Bridgton, Maine.
He entered military service as hospital
steward; was promoted assistant surgeon;
and has since been United States examin
ing surgeon in Whitefleld, Maine. He has
represented his town in the state legisla
ture; and his district in the state senate
for two sessions.
SMITH, ARTHUR, state legislator, con
gressman, was born Nov. 15, 1785, in Isle
of Wight county, Va. He served with
credit at the head of a militia force at
Norfolk in 1812; was a member of the
privy council of Virginia, and subsequent
ly a member of the state legislature. He
was a representative in congress from 1821
to 1825. He died March 30, 1853, in Vir
ginia.
SMITH, ARTHUR DONALDSON, ex
plorer, author, was born in 1864 in Penn
sylvania. He is an African explorer; and
the author of Through Unknown African
Countries.
SMITH, ARTHUR E., poet, was born
June 15, 1865, in Granville, N. Y. He is
a writer of Belcher, N. Y.; and the author
of a volume of poemfc entitled Rural Leg
ends and Lyrics.
SMITH, ASA DODGE, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born Sept. 21,
1804, in Amherst, N. H. He was a presby-
terian clergyman; and was president of
Dartmouth college during 1863-77. He
published several addresses and sermons.
He died Aug. 16, 1877, in Hanover, N. H.
SMITH, ASHBEL, physician, diplomat,
author, was born Aug. 13, 1805, in Hart
ford, Conn. He was a Texas politician
and physician; and the author of Account
of the Geography of Texas; and Perma
nent Identity of the Human Race. He
died Jan. 21, 1886, in Harris county,
Texas.
SMITH, ASHLEY AUBURN, clergyman,
author, poet, was born May 28, 1871, in
Auburn, Maine. He graduated from Tufts
college; and now fills a pastorate in Glou
cester, Mass. He is the author of a vol
ume entitled Noble Thoughts for Noble
Living.
SMITH, AUGUSTUS LEDYARD, busi
ness man, legislator, was born April 5,
1833, in Middletown, Conn. He graduated
from the university
of Middletown, and
subsequently took a
position as tutor in
the vmiversity of
Wisconsin at Madi
son. In 1856 he be
came connected with
the office of school
lands in Wisconsin,
and with the Fox
and Wisconsin Im
provement company,
and became its sec
retary and treasurer. In 1861 he accepted
the professorship in the United States
Naval academy of Annapolis, and was sub
sequently assigned to duty on the steam
frigate Constitution. After the war he
resumed his duties with the Fox and Wis
consin Improvement company, which was
subsequently merged into the Green Bay
and Mississippi Canal company; and was
continuously with that company until
1872. In 1870 Mr. Smith organized the
First National bank of Appleton, and was
its president for more than twenty years.
In 1881 he was the leading spirit of the
Appleton Edison Light company; and in
1894 was elected vice-president of the Na
tional Association of the Edison Illumi
nating companies. In 1866-67 he served as
state senator in the Wisconsin legislature;
and in 1870 was elected mayor of Appleton.
Among the important measures in which
he took a leading part was the reorganiza
tion of the State university; and while a
member of the senate Governor Fairchild
appointed him regent, which position he
held for six successive years. In 1884 he
received the nomination to congress; and
was president of the Wisconsin board of
World's Fair managers in 1891.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
857
SMITH, AUGUSTUS WILLIAM, educa
tor, author, was born May 12, 1802, in
Newport, R. I. He was an educator who
was professor of mathematics at Wesley-
an university in 1831-51: and president of
that institution from 1851. He was the au
thor of Elementary Treatise on Mechan
ics. He died March 26, 1866, in Annapo
lis, Md.
SMITH. AZARIAH LAWRENCE, edu
cator, clergyman, poet, was born Nov. 18,
1837, in Tompkins county, N. Y. For thir
ty years he was engaged in educational
work as a teacher in the public schools.
He has filled pastorates in several
churches in Missouri, and for many years
was pastor of the First Baptist church of
Mattock, Iowa. He has contributed both
prose and verse to the periodical press,
and some of his poems have been given a
place in standard works.
SMITH, BALLARD, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1815 to 1821.
SMITH, BENJAMIN, state legislator,
governor, was born in 1750 in Brunswick
county, N. C. He was a member of the
North Carolina state legislature in 1792;
was a general of militia: and was govern
or of the state from 1810 to 1811. His
life was one of many difficulties; was en
gaged in many duels; but is kindly re
membered because of his donation of
twenty thousand acres of land to the State
university in 1789. He died Feb. 10, 1829,
in Smithville, N. C.
SMITH, BENJAMIN BOSWORTH, bish
op, was born June 13, 1794, in Bristol, R.
I. In 1832 he became a protestant episco
pal bishop of the diocese of Kentucky.
His earliest work in the ministry was in
Marblehead for two years, after which he
became rector of St. George's church, Ac-
comack county, Va., and two years later
rector of Zion church, Charlestown, with
charge of the church in Shepherdstown.
He died May 31, 1884, in New York city.
SMITH, BENJAMIN WILSON, educa
tor, clergyman, state legislator, was born
Jan. 19, 1830, in Harrison county, Va. He
is the senior member of a school supply
firm of La Fayette, Ind.; and has served
as a member of the Indiana state legisla
ture for three terms.
SMITH, BERNARD, public official, con
gressman, was born in 1776 in Morris-
town, N. J. He was sent as a special
bearer of dispatches to Europe; and was
subsequently collector and postmaster at
New Brunswick. He was a representative
in congress from New Jersey from 1819
to 1821; and during the latter year was
appointed register of the land office in Ar
kansas, which office he held until his
death. He died July 16, 1835, in Little
Rock, Ark.
SMITH, BOARDMAN H., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 18, 1826, in
Whitingham, Vt. He settled in New York;
was appointed judge of the Chemung
county courts in 1859, and elected to the
same office in that year. He was elected
a representative from New York to the
forty-second and forty-third congresses.
SMITH. BUCKINGHAM, lawyer, diplo
mat, antiquarian, author, was born Oct.
31, 1810, in Cumberland Island, Ga. He
was a Spanish-American scholar and anti
quary of note; twice secretary of the
United States legation at Mexico; and
after 1859 a lawyer in Florida. Among
his many publications are Grammatical
Sketch of the Heve Language; Grammar
of the Pima, or Nevome; and Narratives
of the Career of Hernando de Soto in the
Conquest of Florida. He died Jan. 5, 1871,
in New York city.
SMITH, CALEB BLOOD, congressman,
cabinet officer, was born April 16, 1808,
in Boston, Mass. In 1832 he established
and edited a whig
journal called the
Indiana Sentinel. In
1833 he was a mem
ber of the legisla
ture; and also in
1834-36. He was a
representative in
congress from Indi
ana from 1843 to
1849; and was a pres
idential elector in
1840 and 1856. Aft
er leaving congress
in 1849 he was appointed one of the mem
bers of the board for investigating the
claims of American citizens against Mex
ico; and subsequently practiced his pro
fession in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1861 he
was appointed secretary of the interior
department. He was a member of the
peace congress held in Washington in
1861; and in 1862 was appointed judge of
the United States district court for the
district of Indiana. He died Jan. 8, 1864,
in Indianapolis, Ind.
SMITH, CARL, journalist, poet. He was
a successful journalist and on the staff of
the Chicago Record. He was the author
of a volume of poems entitled Where the
Sun Goes Down. He was drowned in
September, 1898.
SMITH, CARROLL EARLL, journalist,
state legislator, was born Dec. 25, 1832,
in Syracuse, N. Y. He was associate edi
tor on the staff of the Syracuse Chronicle.
In 1888 he was a member of the New York
legislature; and in 1889-93 was postmaster
of Syracuse, N. Y.
SMITH, CHARLES, bookseller, was
born in 1768 in New York. He was a book
seller in New York city; translated plays
for the stage from the German of Kotze-
bue and Schiller; and edited the Month
ly Military Repository in 1796-97. He also
published a Political Pocket Almanac in
1797. He died in 1808 in New York city.
SMITH, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born March 4, 1765, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He became president judge in
1819 of the judicial district composed of
the counties of Cumberland, Franklin and
Adams; and in 1820 of the newly formed
district court of Lancaster city and coun
ty. His later life was spent in Philadel
phia. He was appointed by the legislature
in 1810 to revise the laws of the state, and
to frame a compilation of them, which he
published with a Treatise on the Land
Laws of Pennsylvania, in five volumes.
He died March 18, 1836, in Philadelphia,
Pa.
SMITH, CHARLES ADAM, clergyman,
author, was born Jan. 25, 1809, in New
York city. He was a lutheran clergyman
of Rhinebeck, N. Y., and elsewhere. He
was the author of The Catechumen's
Guide; Men of the Olden Time; Before
the Flood and After; Among the Lilies;
Inlets and Outlets; Stoneridge, pastoral
sketches; and Popular Exposition of the
Gospels. He died Feb. 15, 1879, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
SMITH, CHARLES BROOKS, soldier,
congressman, was born Feb. 24, 1844, in
Wood county, W. Va. He enlisted in the
union army at the age of nineteen years,
and was mustered out in 1865. He was
twice elected mayor of the city of Parkers-
burg; and in 1880 was elected sheriff and
treasurer of the county of Wood, and
served a term of four years; was delegate
at large to the national republican conven
tion at Chicago in 1888; and was elected
to the fifty-first congress as a republican.
SMITH, CHARLES EMORY, journalist,
was born Feb. 18, 1842, in Mansfield, Conn.
He became editor of the Albany Express
in 1865, and of the Albany Journal in
1870, and since 1880 has conducted the
Philadelphia Press. He was president of
the New York State Press association in
1874, and delivered the annual address at
its meeting. He was a regent of the uni
versity of the state of New York in 1879-
80; and a delegate to the national republi
can conventions in 1876 and in 1888.
SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON, sol
dier, was born April 24, 1807, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He served at the military
academy from 1829 till 1842 as assistant
instructor of infantry tactics, adjutant,
and as commandant of cadets and instruc
tor of infantry tactics. He was with the
army of General Zachary Taylor in the
military occupation of Texas in 1845-46,
and was placed in command of four com
panies of artillery, acting as infantry,
which throughout the war that followed
was famous as Smith's light battalion.
He died April 25, 1862, in Savannah, Tenn.
SMITH, CHARLES FORSTER, educa
tor, author, was born June 30, 1852, in
Abbeville county, S. C. He graduated from
the Watford college, Harvard university,
and Leipsic university. He has filled the
chair of Greek in various institutions, and
now fills that chair in the university of
Wisconsin. He is the author of several
books, and a number of philological and
literary articles.
SMITH, CHARLES HENRY (Bill Arp),
lawyer, journalist, author, was born June
15, 1826, in Lawrenceville, Ga. He is a
lawyer and journalist of Rome, Ga., and
well-known as a humorous contributor to
The Atlanta Constitution. He is the au
thor of Bill Arp's Letters; Bill Arp's
Scrap Book; The Farm and the Fireside;
A Side Show of the Southern Side of the
War; and Georgia as a Colony and State
in 1733-1893.
SMITH, CHARLES HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, was born Nov. 1,
1827, in Hollis, Maine. He has been suc
cessively lawyer, soldier, state senator,
and army officer, and is now on the retired
list of the United States army in Wash
ington, D. C.
SMITH, CHARLES P., merchant, bank
er, state legislator, was born March 4,
1847, in Canada. He was educated in the
public schools of Burlington; is president
of the Burlington Savings bank; and in
1894 was elected a member of the Vermont
house of representatives.
SMITH, CHARLES PERRIN, genealo
gist, was born Jan. 5, 1819, in Philadel
phia, Pa. On attaining his majority he
became proprietor and editor of The Na
tional Standard of Salem, N. J., and con
ducted it for eleven years. He served in
the legislature of 1852, and filled nu
merous public positions. He was the au
thor of a genealogy. He died Jan. 27,
1883, in Trenton, N. J.
SMITH, CHARLES SHALER, civil en
gineer, was born Jan. 26, 1836, in Pitts-
burg, Pa. He constructed the confed
erate states powder works, one of the
largest that had then been built. In 1866
he organized the engineering firm which
subsequently became the Baltimore Bridge
company, of which he was president and
chief engineer. He died Dec. 19, 1886, in
St. Louis, Mo.
SMITH, CHESTER G., lawyer, orator,
was born Dec. 31, 1870, in Frankfort,
Mich. He received a thorough education
in the graded and normal schools; studied
law and was admitted to the bar at Utica,
N. Y. He has a successful practice in
Buffalo, N. Y.
858
HERRINGSHAWS KNCYCt,OPKD[A OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SMITH, DABNEY HOWARD, state aud
itor, was born Nov. 24, 1821, near George
town, Ky. In 1849 he was elected to the
Kentucky state legislature, and in 1853
he was elected state senator, without op
position, from the district composed of the
counties of Scott and Fayette, the latter
being the home of Henry Clay.
SMITH, DANIEL, United States sena
tor, was born about 1740 in Pauquier
county, Va. He was one of the earliest
emigrants to Tennessee, and was a gen
eral of militia. He was a senator in con
gress from Tennessee during the year
1798, and was again a senator from 1805
to 1809. He died in July, 1818.
SMITH, DANIEL, clergyman, author,
was born Sept. 16, 1806, in Salisbury, Conn.
He was a methodist clergyman of New
York state, and very active in the tem
perance cause. He was the author of Wis
dom in Miniature; Gems of Female Biog
raphy; Anecdotes for the Young; Teach
ers' Assistant; Lectures to Young Men;
Book of Manners; and Anecdotes of the
Christian Ministry. He died June 23, 1852,
in Kingston, N. Y.
SMITH, DAVID HIGHBAUGH, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
Dec. 19, 1854, in Hart county, Ky. He
has been practicing law since 1876, and
was elected county attorney for Larue
county in 1878, for the term of four years.
He was elected superintendent of common
schools for Larue county in 1878. In 1881
he was elected to represent Larue county
in the house of representatives of the
general assembly for two years, and in
1885 was elected to the state senate for
the term of four years, and re-elected
in 1889. At the first meeting of the
senate he was elected for the term
of two years, at the end of which term he
was again elected for a second term of
two years, and was president of the sen
ate. He was elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a democrat.
SMITH, DAVID M., inventor, state leg
islator, was born in 1809, in Hartland,
Vt. The awl-haft as manufactured by
him was similar if not identical with the
one now known as the Aiken awl. In 1840-
41 he represented the town of Gilsum in
the New Hampshire legislature, after
which he removed to Springfield, Vt. He
patented a combination-lock in 1849, of
which an English expert named Hobbs,
who had opened all the locks that were
brought to him in London, said, It cannot
be picked. He died Nov. 10, 1881, in
Springfield, Vt.
SMliri. DELAZON, journalist, United
States senator, was born Oct. 5, 1816, in
New Berlin, N. Y. He studied law, be
came a writer for the
press, and was asso
ciated with the
Rochester True Jef-
fersonian and the
Western Empire of
Dayton, Ohio. In
1846 he removed to
Iowa territory, whore
he remained until
1852, when he moved
to Oregon territory.
In 1854 he was elect
ed to the assembly
of Oregon, and was re-elected in 1855 and
1856. In 1857 he was a member of the
convention which framed a state consti
tution, and in IXfiS was chosen one of the
senators in congress for the prospective
state, and took his seat as such in 1859.
He was also the editor of the Oregon
Democrat. He died Nov. 17, 1860, in Port
land, Ore.
SMITH, DEXTER, author, poet, was
born in 1842 in Salem, Mass. More than
one thousand poems from the pen of this
poet have been set to music, and some of his
songs have attained circulations running
well into millions of copies, notably the
lyrics, Ring the Bell Softly, There's Crape
on the Door; Cross and Crown; Put Me
in My Little Bed; Darling Minnie Lee;
and others. Ring the Bell Softly has
been translated into several foreign lan
guages. Since 1865 he has edited contin
uously various musical journals, among
them the Orpheus and the Boston Musical
Record, which he now conducts. A vol
ume of his poems appeared in 1867.
SMITH, DIETRICH C., soldier, manu
facturer, banker, congressman, was born
April 4, 1840, in Hanover. He entered the
union army in 1861, and served through
out the war, attaining the rank of cap
tain. He engaged in banking and manu
facturing in Pekin, 111.; was a representa
tive in the legislature of Illinois, and was
elected a representative from Illinois to
the forty-seventh congress.
SMITH, EDWARD DELAFIELD, law
yer, author, poet, was born May 8, 1826,
in Rochester, N. Y. He was a lawyer of
New York city, and the author of Avidae,
a poem; Destiny, a poem; Oratory, a
poem; Reports of Cases in the New York
Court of Common Pleas; and Addresses
to Juries in Slave Trade Trials. He died
April 13, 1878, in Shrewsbury, N. J.
SMITH, EDWARD HENRY, farmer,
congressman, was born in 1809, in Smith-
town, N. Y. In 1860 he was elected a
representative from New York to the thir
ty-seventh congress.
SMITH, EDWARD M., lawyer, legislat
or, was born Feb. 6, 1838, in Alstead, N.
H. He received a thorough education, at
tended the academy
of Alstead; and in
1860 graduated from
the Albany Law
school, New York.
He has attained suc
cess in the profes
sion of law; is one
of the foremost law
yers of New Eng
land, and still prac
tices in the city of
his nativity. He has
served with distinc
tion as a member of the New Hampshire
state legislature; was superintendent of
the school committee for twelve years;
has been tax collector for eleven years;
and is moderator of Alstead, N. H. He
is prominent in the public affairs of his
city, county and state; and an active
member in several fraternal orders.
SMITH, EDWARD M.. railroad presi
dent, was born Jan. 5, 1854, in St. Albans,
Vt. Since 1896 he has been president of
the Central Vermont railroad.
SMITH, EDWARD PARMELEE, clergy
man, college president, was born June 3,
1827, in South Britain, Conn. In 1871 he
was appointed an Indian agent among
the Chippewas in Minnesota; in 1873 he
was appointed commissioner of Indian
affairs, and in 1875 was appointed presi
dent of Howard university. He died June
15, 1876, in Africa.
SMITH, EDWIN BRADBURY, lawyer,
state legislator, was born in October, 1832,
in Kennobunkport, Maine. He practiced
law in Saco, Maine; frequently served in
the state legislature, and was chosen
speaker in 1871. He was subsequently the
official reporter of the supreme court, and
in 1875 was appointed first assistant in the
office of the attorney-general of the Unit
ed States.
SMITH, ELDRIDGE, soldier, poet. He
served with distinction as a colonel in the
United States army during the civil war;
and took part in the defence of Balti
more during the raid of General Early in
1864. He is the author of a volume of
poems entitled Songs of the Morning.
His wife is also the author of a volume of
poems entitled Beautiful Builders.
SMITH, ELI, missionary, author, was
born Sept. 13, 1801, in Northfield, Conn.
He was a congregational missionary at
Beirut, and the author of Missionary Re
searches in Armenia; and an Arabic trans
lation of the Bible. He died Jan. 11, 1857,
in Syria.
SMITH, ELI N., lawyer, was born April
24, 1844, in Woodsfield, Ohio. He re
ceived a thorough education, and has at
tained eminence as a successful criminal
lawyer of El Dorado, Kan. He has been
prosecuting attorney, mayor of his city,
and takes a prominent part in public
affairs.
SMITH, EL1AS, clergyman, author, was
born June 17, 1769, in Lyme, Conn. He
was a congregational clergyman of Massa
chusetts, and the author of The Clergy
man's Looking-Glass; History of Anti-
Christ; and Sermons on the Prophecies.
He died June 29, 1846, in Lynn, Mass.
SMITH, ELIHU HUBBARD, physician,
author, poet, was born Sept. 4, 1771, in
Litchfield, Conn. He was a physician and
poet of New York city. He was the au
thor of Edwin and Angelina, an opera;
and American Poems, Original and Se
lected. He died Dec. 19, 1798, in New York
city.
SMITH, ELIJAH, railroad president,
was born April 23, 1840, in Poughkeepsie,
N. Y. Since 1895 he has been president of
the Oregon Improvement company; and
has also been president of the Detroit,
Hillsdale and South-Western railroad.
SMITH, MRS. ELIZABETH OAKES,
author, poet, was born Aug. 12, 1806, in
North Yarmouth, Maine. She was a prom
inent writer of prose and poetry, and
was the first woman lecturer in America.
Her later years were passed in Hollywood,
S. C. Among her many works are, Tile
Sinless Child, and Other Poems; The
Newsboy, which first directed public at
tention to a hitherto neglected class;
Riches Without Wings; Old New York, or
Jacob Leisler, a tragedy; Woman and Her
Needs; Bertha and Lily; and The West
ern Captive. She died in 1893.
SMITH, EMMETT WERTER, educator,
lawyer, was born Feb. 1, 1866, in Sexton,
Texas. In 1888 he graduated with honors
from the Southwestern university; was
principal of the high school in East Texas
for three years, and in 1892 graduated
vfrom the law department of the university
of Texas. He has attained prominence
as an able lawyer of Nacogdoches, Texas,
where he is also associate editor of The
Star-News. He is the author of a num
ber of articles on various topics, which
have appeared in current literature.
SMITH, ERASMUS DARWIN, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 10, 1806, in De Ruy-
ter, N. Y. He became a master in chan
cery in 1832, and was a justice of the
supreme court of New York from 1855
till 1877, when he was retired on account
of age. He served on the court of ap
peals in 1862 and 1870, and was general
term justice in 1872-77. He died Nov. 11,
1883, in Rochester, N. Y.
SMITH, ERASMUS PESHINE, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born March 2, 1814, in
New York city. He was a jurist and po
litical economist; and the author of Man
ual of Political Economy. He died Oct.
21, 1882, in Rochester, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
859
SMITH, MRS. ERMINNIE ADELLE,
scientist, author, was born Feb. 26, 1836,
in Marcellus, N. Y. She was an ethnol
ogist who published an Iroquois-English
dictionary. Sne died June 9, 1886, in
Jersey City, N. J.
SMITH, ETHAN, clergyman, author,
was born Dec. 19, 1762, in Belchertown,
Mass. He was a congregational clergy
man and city missionary of Boston in
lb32-49. He was the author of A View of
the Trinity; and A View of the Hebrews,
in which the origin of the American In
dians was traced to the ten tribes of
Israel. He died Aug. 29, 1849, in Pompey,
N. Y.
SMITH, EUGENE ALLEN, educator,
geologist, was born Oct. 27, 1841, in Ala
bama. He has attained eminence as a
noted geologist; and is connected with
the university of Alabama.
SMITH, MRS. EUGENIA M., author,
was born in 1852 in Vermont. She is a
writer of Dubuque, Iowa, and the author
of Winsome but Wicked; The Parson's
Sin; and Our Money-Makers, a poultry
book.
SMITH, MRS. EVA MUNSON, compos
er, poet, author, was born July 12, 1843,
in Monkton, Vt. She is the author of
Woman in Sacred
Song, a representa
tive work of what
woman has done in
hymnology. She is
the author of a
large number of
temperance songs
and other works,
which have become
very popular. Her
poems appear in
Poets of America
and other standard
works; Her best known productions are,
Woodland Warblings; American Rifle
Team March; and I Will Not Leave You
Comfortless.
SMITH, FLORENCE, poet, was born in
1845 in New York city. She was a poet of
New York city; and published Piero's
Painting, and Other Poems. She died in
1871 in New York city.
SMITH, FRANCIS GURNEY, physician,
author, was born March 8, 1818, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. During the civil war he
was physician in charge of a military hos
pital. He founded and established the
first laboratory in which physiology was
taught experimentally and by demonstra
tion in the university of Pennsylvania,
was the first president of the Philadel
phia Obstetrical society, and vice-presi
dent of the American Medical association
in 1870. For nine years he was an editor
of the Philadelphia Medical Examiner. He
contributed frequently to medical litera
ture; translated and edited Barth and
Roger's Manual of Auscultation and Per
cussion; edited Daniel Drake's System
atic Treatise; and was the author of Do
mestic Medicine, Surgery, and Materia
Medica. He died April 6, 1878, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
SMITH, FRANCIS HENNEY, soldier,
educator, author, was born Oct. 18, 1812,
in Norfolk, Va. He was a confederate
officer who was professor of mathematics
at Hampden Sidney college in 1837-39, and
superintendent of the Virginia Military
institute in 1839-61, and 1865-90. He was
the author of Best Methods of Conducting
Common Schools; College Reform; and a
series of algebras. He died March 21,
1890, in Lexington, Va.
SMITH, FRANCIS HOPKINSON, artist,
civil engineer, author, was born Oct. 23,
1838, in Baltimore, Md. He is the au
thor of Well-Worn Roads of Spain, Hol
land and Italy; Old Lines in New Black
and White; A White Umbrella in Mexico;
Colonel Carter of Cartersville, a novel;
A Day at Laguerre's, and Other Days;
American Illustrators; Venice of To-Day;
A Gentleman Vagabond, and Some
Others; and Tom Grogan.
SMITH, FRANCIS OSMOND JON, law
yer, state senator, congressman, was born
Nov. 23, 1806, in Brentwood, N. H. He
was elected to the
assembly of Maine
in 1831; was presi
dent of the state sen
ate in 1833, and was
a representative in
congress from Maine
from 1833 to 1839.
He was a brilliant
orator and parlia
mentarian; and
while in congress
served on a number
of important com
mittees. He died Oct. 14, 1876, in Deering,
Maine.
SMITH, FRANK B., lawyer, jurist, was
born March 6, 1861, near Leavenworth,
Kan. He held the office of state's attor
ney for six years, and that of county
judge for two years. He is now circuit
judge of the fourth judicial circuit of
South Dakota.
SMITH, FRANK H., physician, state
legislator, was born in 1855 in Jackson
ville, Pa. He has been mayor of Good-
land, Kan., where he is a successful phy
sician. In 1896 he was elected a member
of the Kansas state legislature.
SMITH, FRANK HILL, artist, was born
Oct. 15, 1842, in Boston, Mass. His work
in oil includes portraits, figure-pieces and
landscapes. Some of his Venetian pictures
belong to the Somerset club, Boston. He
has decorated the Windsor hotel and the
opera-house at Holyoke, Mass., and nu
merous public and private buildings in
Boston, Cambridge and other cities.
SMITH, FRANK L., portrait painter,
was born Dec. 21, 1860, in Ripon, Wis.
Early in life he had a penchant for art;
studied under the best masters, and has
attained a national reputation as an emi
nent portrait painter.
SMITH, FRANK SULLIVAN, lawyer,
was born Oct. 14, 1851, in Short Tract,
N. Y. He received a thorough education;
attended Angelica academy; and in 1872
graduated from Yale college. He has at
tained success as a lawyer, and is one of
the foremost in his profession, with offices
in New York city and Angelica. He has
had much important and successful liti
gation, notably in relation to Eastern and
Northern railroad of Alabama; Schuyler
Electric company of Allegheny; and the
Kinzua Railroad company. He has been
supervisor of Allegheny county, was a
delegate to the republican national con
vention in 1884, has been school commis
sioner, and was secretary of the repub
lican state committee during 1887-91. He
was general counsel of the Sciota Val
ley and N. E. railroad. He is president
of the Allegheny Central Railroad com
pany, and vice-president and counsel
of the C., N. Y. and W.; and general coun
sel of the P. S. and L. E.; and the Michi
gan Gas company.
SMITH, GENIE M., journalist, author,
poet, was born Nov. 17, 1852, in Vermont.
She is the author of three novels, one
book of poems, and numerous serials,
short stories, sketches and other articles.
She has been the editor of the Minnesota
Housekeeper, Iowa Mid-Continent, and
various other publications.
SMITH, GEORGE, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1809 to 1813.
SMITH, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist, state
senator, author, was born Feb. 12, 1804,
in Delaware county, Pa. He served in
the state senate in 1832-36. He was an
associate judge of the court of common
pleas of Delaware county from the latter
date till 1857, and was re-elected in 1861
for a term of five years. He was chosen
the first superintendent of the Delaware
county common schools in 1854, and for
the subsequent twenty-five years was
president of the school board of Upper
Darby school district. He also devoted
much attention to scientific pursuits, es
pecially to geology. He was a founder of
the Delaware county institute of science,
and its president from 1833 until his death,
presenting it with his valuable herbarium
about 1875. He published several essays
and A History of Delaware County, Pa.,
from the Discovery of the Territory In
cluded Within Its Limits to the Present
Time. He died March 10, 1882, in Upper
Darby, Pa.
SMITH, GEORGE CARSON, railroad
president, was born March 4, 1855, in
Granville, Wash. Since 1894 he has been
president of the Atlanta and West Point
railroad, and also of the Western railway
of Alabama.
SMITH, GEORGE HANDY, United
States senator, was born July 21, 1836, In
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1871 he was chosen
a member of the Pennsylvania state leg
islature, and was twice re-elected. In
1875 he was elected a state senator, and
in 1877 a United States senator. In 1885
and again in 1887 he was chosen president
pro tern, of the senate.
SMITH, GEORGE L., soldier, merchant,
journalist, congressman, was born
Dec. 11, 1840, in Hillsborough coun
ty, N. H. He served in the army;
settled in Louisiana at the close of
the civil war and engaged in mercantile
business, and was elected a member of
the assembly in 1870 and 1872. He was
proprietor of the Shreveport Southwest
ern Telegram; and was president of a sav
ings bank and trust company. He was
elected a representative from Louisiana
to the forty-third congress to fill a va
cancy.
SMITH, GEORGE W., physician, mer
chant, banker, was born Dec. 10, 1846,
in Hillsdale county, Mich. In 1867 he
moved to Owosso, Mich., engaged in the
drug business, and there studied medi
cine. He practiced that profession for a
while, and then engaged in the wholesale
and retail grocery business. In 1878 he
moved to Geneva, Neb., and a year later
organized the Geneva Exchange bank, of
which he was president. In 1879 the
bank's name was changed to the First
National bank of Geneva, of which he is
still president. He has traveled exten
sively in Europe, and on his return was
elected mayor of his city in 1890. He
has also organized several other banks
in Nebraska, and has made generous con
tributions to churches and educational
institutions.
SMITH, GEORGE W., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Aug. 18, 1846, in Put
nam county, Ohio. In 1870 he was admit
ted to the practice of law by the supreme
court of Illinois, since which time he has
resided in Murphysboro. In 1880 he was
the republican elector for his congression
al district, and cast the vote of the district
for Garfield and Arthur. He was elected
to the fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-third,
fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses as a
republican.
sen
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SMITH, GEORGE WASHINGTON, au
thor, was born Aug. 4, 1800, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He was a founder of the Penn
sylvania Historical society; for many
years one of its councillors, and at his
death senior vice-president. He possessed
a large estate, of which he gave liberally
to benevolent objects. He published
Facts and Arguments in Favor of Adopt
ing Railroads in Preference to Canals;
Defence of the Pennsylvania System in
Favor of Solitary Confinement of Pris
oners; and edited Nicholas Wood's trea
tise on Railroads. He died April 22,
1876, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SMITH, GEORGE WILLIAM, governor.
He was governor of Virginia from 1811 to
1812, and lost his life at the burning of
the Richmond theater, Dec. 26, 1811.
SMITH, GEORGE WILLIAMSON, cler
gyman, author, was born Nov. 21, 1836, in
Catskill, N. Y. He was ordained deacon
in 1860, and priest in 1864, in the protes-
tant episcopal church, and was an assist
ant at various churches in Washington,
D. C. He was acting professor of math
ematics in the United States naval acad
emy at Newport, R. I., in 1864-t>5, chap
lain at the Annapolis academy in 1865-68,
and chaplain on the United States steam
ship Franklin in 1868-71. He was rector
of Grace church, Jamaica, L. I., in 1872-
81, of the Church of the Redeemer, Brook
lyn, N. Y., in 1880-83, and since the latter
date has been president of Trinity col
lege. He has published occasional ser
mons, and is the author of a Memoir of
Rev. John H. Van Ingen.
SMITH, GERRIT, philanthropist, con
gressman, author, was born March 6,
1797, in Utica, N. Y. He was one of the
leaders of the Anti-Slavery society, and
was noted for his philanthropy. Having
inherited one of the largest landed es
tates in the country, he distributed nearly
two hundred thousand acres of it among
the poor. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1853 to
1855. He was the author of Speeches in
Congress; Sermons and Speeches; The Re
ligion of Reason; The Theologies; and
Nature the Basts of a Free Theology. He
died Dec. 28, 1874, in New York city.
SMITH, GERTRUDE, author, was born
in 1860 in California. She is a Boston
writer, whose early life was spent in the
west. She is the author of The Rousing
of Mrs. Potter, and Other Stories; The
Arabella and Araminta Stories; and De-
dora Heywood.
SMITH, GILES ALEXANDER, soldier,
was born Sept. 29, 1829, in Jefferson coun
ty, N. Y. He became captain in the
eighth Missouri volunteers in 1861, and in
1863 was promoted brigadier-general of
volunteers. He died Nov. 8, 1876, in
Bloomington, 111.
SMITH, GREEN CLAY, soldier, cler
gyman, congressman, was born July 2,
1830, in Richmond, Ky. He was a school
commissioner from 1853 to 1857, estab
lishing a great number of schools. He
served as second lieutenant in the Mexi
can war, and after the breaking out of
the rebellion in 1861 had command of the1
fourth Kentucky cavalry. He was elected
to the state legislature; was appointed
a brigadier-general in 1862; was subse
quently promoted to the rank of major-
general; and was present at the battle
of Ball's Bluff and about fifty other en
gagements. In 1863 he was elected a rep
resentative from Kentucky to the thirty-
eighth congress, and was re-elected to
the thirty-ninth congress. In 1866, while
still in congress he was appointed gov
ernor of Montana. He subsequently be
came a preacher in the baptist church In
Frankfort, Ky. In 1876 he was the candi
date of the prohibition party for the presi
dency of the United States.
SMITH, GUSTAVUS WOODSON, sol
dier, author, was born Jan. 1, 1822, in
Scott county, Ky. He was a confederate
general who lived in New York city from
1876. He was the author of Notes on Life
Insurance; and Confederate War Papers.
He died in 1896.
SMITH, H. BOARDMAN, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 18, 1826, in
Whitingham, Vt. He was appointed
judge of the Chemung county courts in
1859, and was elected to the same office.
He was elected to the forty-second con
gress, and was re-elected to the forty-
third congress as a republican.
SMITH, HAMILTON LANPHERE, edu
cator, author, was born Nov. 5, 1819, in
New London, Conn. He is an educator
who has been professor of natural phil
osophy at Hobart college since 1868. He
is the author of Natural Philosophy; and
First Lessons in Astronomy and Geol
ogy.
SMITH, HARRY H., public official, au
thor, was born July 31, 1842, in Fairport,
N. Y. In 1870 he was special marshal
of the Michigan census. He has been
United States national bank examiner.
He is the author and compiler of a Digest
and Manual; and is a parliamentary au
thor, writer and expert; bank and tariff
statistical expert, and magazine writer.
He prepared a codification of the rules of
the senate, which code was substantially
adopted, and Senate Manual, as revised by
him was printed. Mr. Smith made two oth
er revisions of the house rules in the forty-
ninth and fifty-first congresses, in the
latter eliminating all filibustering mo
tion, thus permitting a majority to rule.
That code, so prepared by him, was sub
stantially adopted, and became known
as the Reed rules. He has prepared the
parliamentary history of congress, the
manuscript of which will be purchased
by congress, in accordance with unani
mous recommendations of committees of
both houses of congress.
SMITH, HENRY, millwright, congress
man, was born July 22, 1838, in Balti
more, Md. The year of his birth he re
moved with his parents to Massillon, Ohio,
and moved to Milwaukee in 1844, where
he has since resided. He was a member of
the common council of Milwaukee from
1868 till 1872; was a member of the Wis
consin legislature in 1878; and was again
a member of the common council from
1880 till 1882. He was city comptroller
from 1882 till 1884, and from that date
a member of the common council until
1887, when he was elected to the fiftieth
congress as the people's party candidate.
SMITH, HENRY, educator, missionary.
For several years after graduation from
Bowdoin college, he taught in the Ports-
. mouth academy. Af
ter three years at
Andover he became a
successful mission
ary in western New
York. For eleven
years he filled a pas
torate in the presby-
terian church of
Ciinidcn, N. V. The
+• <&.. . j^L Theological school of
£ ^fl^^k Auburn, N. Y.. was
^ .^•••l lately benefited >>y
the funds which he
raised for it. He was also noted for his
great philanthropy and kindness to the
poor. He died in July, 1826.
SMITH, HENRY BERNARD, clergy
man, was born Feb. 16, 1848, in Marietta,
Ohio. He graduated from the Marietta
college, and has at
tained distinction as
one of the foremost
clergymen in the
United States. For
sixteen years he was
pastor of a large
church in Nashua, N.
H., and since 1894
has filled a pastorate
in Troy' N- Y- For
eight years he was
chaplain of the sec
ond regiment na
tional guard of New Hampshire; and is a
prominent Mason.
SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 21, 1815, in
Portland, Maine. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of eminence as a theologian,
and professor of systematic theology in
Union seminary of New York city in 1854-
74. He was the author of Faith and Phil
osophy; Apologetics; Chronological His
tory of the Church of Christ; Introduction
to Christian Theology; and System of
Christian Theology. He died Feb. 7, 1876,
in New York city.
SMITH, HENRY HOLLINGSWORTH,
surgeon, author, was born Dec. 10, 1815,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a surgeon
of Philadelphia; and the author of Minor
Surgery; System of Operative Surgery;
Practice of Surgery; and Professional Vis
it to London and Paris. He died April 11,
1890, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SMITH, HENRY MAYBELL, educator,
clergyman, was born Feb. 14, 1853, in
Athens, Ga. He received his education in
the common schools of his native city,
and graduated from the Atlanta univer
sity. For many years he was engaged in
educational work; is an eminent cler
gyman of the baptist church, and now
fills a pastorate in Crawford, Ga.
SMITH, HERBERT HUNTINGTON,
scientist, author, was born in 1851 in
New York. He is a scientist who has been
engaged upon geological surveys in Ohio,
New York and Brazil. He is the author
of Brazil, the Amazons and the Coast.
SMITH, HEZEKIAH BRADLEY, in
ventor, congressman, was born July 24,
1816, in Bridgewater, Vt. He learned the
trade of a cabinet-maker, and became an
inventor and manufacturer of wood ma
chinery. He was elected a representative
from New Jersey to the forty-sixth con
gress. He died Nov. 3, 1887, in Smith-
villo, N. J.
SMITH, HEZEKIAH WRIGHT, en
graver, was born in 1828 in Edinburgh,
Scotland. His most important plates are
a full-length of Daniel Webster, after
Chester Harding; a three-quarter length
Edward Everett, after Moses Wright; and
Washington.
SMITH, HIRAM Y., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born March 22,
1843, in Piqua, Ohio. He was district at
torney of the fifth judicial district of
Iowa from 1875 to 1879, and was a mem
ber from Des Moines of the state senate
of Iowa from 1882 to 1884. He was
elected a representative from Iowa to the
forty-eighth congress, to fill a vacancy.
SMITH, HOKE, journalist, cabinet of
ficer, was born Sept. 2, 1855, in Newton,
N. C. In 1887 he purchased the Atlanta
Journal. Much of the credit for Cleve
land's victory in Georgia in 1892 was at
tributed to the Atlanta Journal and the
personal efforts of its proprietor, and in
1893 he was appointed secretary of the
interior in President Cleveland's cabinet.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
861
SMITH, HOMER J., educator, clergy
man, lecturer, was born Aug. 31, 1846,
in Fayette county, Pa. He received
the rudiments of his education in
the public schools, and graduated
from the Academy of Sciences of
Pittsburg, Pa.; from Mount Union col
lege of Alliance, Ohio; from the Illinois
Wesleyan university of Bloomington, and
has received the degrees of B. A., M. A.,
D D Ph. D. Since 1870 he has been a
clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church, and was a successful educator, and
one of the founders of the Ohio Anti-Sa
loon league. He is one of the foremost
lecturers on scientific and general topics,
and now fills a pastorate in Zanesville,
Ohio.
SMITH HORACE WEMYSS, journalist,
author, was born Aug. 15, 1825, in Phila
delphia county, Pa. He is a Philadelphia
journalist whose principal works include:
Nuts for Future Historians to Crack;
Yorktown Orderly Book; and Life of
Reverend William Smith.
SMITH HUBBARD M., physician, poet,
was born Sept. 6, 1820, in Winchester, Ky.
Since 1844 he has been engaged in the
practice of medicine,
and since 1849 in
Vincennes, Ind., with
the exception of
about ten years, in
which he was en
gaged either in edit
ing and publishing
the Vincennes Ga
zette or acting as
postmaster. For
twelve years he was
United States pen
sion surgeon; was
one of the charter members of the West
ern Writers' association of Indiana, and
is a member of several medical bodies.
He has contributed valuable articles to the
medical press, and his poems have been
given a place in Poets of America and
other standard works.
SMITH, ISAAC, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1736 in Trenton, N.
J. He was a representative in congress
from New Jersey from 1795 to 1797, and
was appointed a commissioner to treat
with the Seneca Indians. He was a judge
of the superior court of New Jersey. He
died Aug. 29, 1807, in Trenton, N. J.
SMITH, ISAAC, congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was a representative
in congress from Pennsylvania in 1813-15.
SMITH, ISRAEL, lawyer, jurist, United
States senator, was born April 4, 1759, in
Suoeld, Conn. He was sent to the Ver
mont state legislature from Rutland, and
was a representative in congress from
1791 to 1797, and again in 1800. He was
appointed chief justice of the supreme
court of Vermont in 1797. He was a sen
ator in congress during the years 1801
and 1802, and from 1803 to 1807, when he
resigned. He was governor of Vermont
in 1807. He died Dec. 2, 1810, in Rutland,
Vt.
SMITH, JACKSON L., lawyer, jurist,
was born in Callaway county, Mo. In
1877 he was elected attorney-general; was
appointed fish commissioner in 1885, and
again in 1889. In 1888 he was elected
judge of the Kansas City court of appeals,
and in 1892 was re-elected for a full term.
SMITH, JAMES, signer of the declara
tion of independence, was born about 1720
in Ireland. On the approach of war he
took an active part in public affairs;
raised a company and commanded it in
the field; was made a colonel, and also
took an active part in raising additional
troops. He was a delegate to the con
tinental congre'ss from 1776 to 1778; was a
signer of the declaration of independence,
and in 1780 entered the state legislature.
He wrote The Constitutional Power of
Great Britain over the Colonies in Amer
ica, which materially aided the cause of
the patriots. He died July 11, 1806, in
York, Pa,
SMITH, JAMES, pioneer, author, was
born in 1737 in Franklin county, Pa. He
was a noted Kentucky pioneer, and the
author of Shakerism Developed; Shaker-
ism Detected; Remarkable Adventures in
the Life of Colonel James Smith; and
Mode and Manner of Indian War. He
died in 1812 in Washington county, Ky.
SMITH, JAMES, manufacturer, United
States senator, was born June 12, 1851, in
Newark, N. J. He was nominated for
mayor of his native city but declined,
and has been tendered nearly every office
in the gift of his party in the state, but
has always refused office. He is a manu
facturer of patent and enameled leather in
Newark, and conducts the largest business
of the kind in the country. He was elect
ed to the United States senate as a demo
crat, and took his seat in 1893.
SMITH, JAMES JACKSON MANNING,
soldier, architect, builder, poet, was born
Nov. 4, 1839, in Oxford, Ga. During the
war he served with distinction in the
confederate service. For many years he
has resided in Burnet, Texas, engaged as
an architect and builder. He has contrib
uted both prose and verse to the periodi
cal press, and takes a prominent part in
public affairs.
SMITH, JAMES M. W., journalist, was
born in 1855, in Celina, Tenn. He re
ceived a thorough education, and attended
Mt. Vale academy. He is the editor and
owner of The Spy of Tompkinsville, Ky.;
has been city marshal, and filled various
other public positions of trust.
SMITH, JAMES MILTON, soldier, law
yer, governor, was born Oct. 24, 1823, in
Twiggs county, Ga. He entered the con
federate army in 1861 as major in the
thirteenth Georgia regiment, became
colonel in 1862, and was a member of the
confederate congress from that year un
til the close of the civil war. He served
in the legislature in 1871-72; was speaker,
and in 1872 was chosen governor to fill a
vacancy, which office he held by re-elec
tion till 1874.
SMITH, JAMES S., physician, congress
man, was born in Orange county, N. C. He
was a representative in congress from
North Carolina from 1817 to 1821; and
served in the legislature of North Carolina
in 1821.
SMITH, JAMES THOMAS, soldier,
journalist, was born May 4, 1847, in Ire
land. He received his education in the
preparatory schools of Connecticut. Dur
ing 1861-65 he was a lieutenant in
the union forces, and up to 1870
served in the regular army. He has been
city clerk and city auditor of Denver,
Col., and since 1876 has been secretary
and director of the state school of mines.
He has also been editor and proprietor
of the Rocky Mountain News since 1878.
SMITH, JAMES TINKER, poet, was
born in 1816, in St. Mary's Parish, La.
He translated into English the Medita
tions of Lamartine; and also published a
volume of poems. He died Aug. 10, 1854,
in Franklin, La.
SMITH, JAMES WHEATON, clergy
man, author, was born June 26, 1823, in
Providence, R. I. In 1853 he became pas
tor of the Spruce street baptist church in
Philadelphia, Pa., and he continued in
this relation until 1870. He is the author
of a Life of John P. Croser.
SMITH, JAMES YOUNGS, manufactu
rer, governor, was born Sept. 15, 1809, in
Groton, Conn. In 1838 he was a cotton
manufacturer in Willimantic, Conn., and
at Woonsocket, R. I. He was afterward
a member of the legislature of Rhode
Island for several years. He was mayor
of Providence in 1855 and 1857; and was
governor of the state from 1863 to 1865.
He died March 26, 1876, in Providence,
R. I.
SMITH, JANE LUELLA DOWD, edu
cator, author, poet, was born June 6,
1847 in Sheffield, Mass. At the age of
eighteen she gradu
ated from the West-
field Normal school.
After teaching school
for a year, she en
tered the Ladies'
seminary of North
Granville, New York,
where she graduated
valedictorian of the
class in 1868. She at
tained success in ed
ucational work; was
principal of the
South Hampton High school, Sheffield
High school, Stamford High school, and
the South Egremont academy. In 1875
she was married to Dr. Henry H. Smith
of Hudson, N. Y. She is the author of
three volumes of verse, entitled Wayside
Leaves; Wind Flowers; and Flowers from
Foreign Fields.
SMITH, MRS. JEANIE OLIVER, poet,
was born in Troy, N. Y. She is a writer
of Johnstown, N. Y., and the author of a
volume of poems entitled Day Lilies.
SMITH, JEDEDIAH K., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born in 1770. He
was a representative in congress from
New Hampshire from 1807 to 1809, and
from 1822 to 1825. He held the office of
judge and chief judge of the court of
common pleas for Hillsborough county
from 1810 to 1814, and was also a state
councilor. He died in 1828.
SMITH, JEREMIAH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 29, 1759, in
Peterborough, N. H. He was a representa
tive in congress from New Hampshire in
1791, and continued there till 1797, being
one of the last survivors of the distin
guished men who participated with Wash
ington in the administration of the gov
ernment. He was chosen governor of New
Hampshire in 1809; served as a presiden
tial elector in 1809, and was for several
years chief justice of the superior court
of the state. He died Sept. 21, 1842, in
Dover, N. H.
SMITH, JEROME VAN CROWNIN-
SHIELD, physician, author, was born
July 20, 1800, in Conway, N. H. He was
a physician of Boston, where he was
mayor in 1854, and subsequently of New
York city. He was the author of Class
Book of Anatomy; Life of Andrew Jack
son; Natural History of the Fishes of
Massachusetts; Pilgrimage to Palestine;
Turkey and the Turks; and The Ways of
Women. He died Aug. 21, 1879, in New
York city.
SMITH, JESSE C., soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, was born July 18, 1808,
in Butternuts, N. Y. He was surrogate
of Kings county in 1850-55, and state sen
ator in 1862. At the beginning of the civil
war he was instrumental in the reorgan
ization of the national guard, and in
forming the one hundred and thirty-ninth
regiment of New York volunteers. He
commanded the eleventh brigade of the
national guard at the battle of Gettys
burg. After the war he practiced law in
Brooklyn.
862
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SMITH, JOB LEWIS, physician, author,
was born Oct. 15, 1827, in Spafford, N. Y.
He is a physician of New York city who
has written a Treatise on Diseases of
Children.
SMITH, JOHN, one of the founders of
Virginia, was born in 1579 in England.
He was a celebrated sea captain and ad
venturer who was one of the founders of
Virginia, and of the company which set
tled at Jamestown in 1607. He was a
forcible, vigorous writer, much given to
magnifying his own exploits, and not al
ways to be trusted in the absence of other
testimony. He was the author of A True
Relation of Virginia; The Generall His-
torie of Virginia, which is partly original
and partly compiled; A Map of Virginia,
with a Description of the Country; A
Description of New England; An Acci
dence, or Pathway to Experience; A Sea
Grammar; and The True Travels of Cap
tain John Smith. He died in 1631.
SMITH, JOHN, United States senator,
was born in 1735 in Hamilton county,
Ohio. He was a senator in congress from
Ohio from 1803 to 1808, when he resigned.
He was a warm personal friend of Aaron
Burr, and though for a time suspected,
was in reality innocent of treasonable de
signs. He died June 10, 1816, in Hamilton
county, Ohio.
SMITH, JOHN, congressman, United
States "senator, was born Feb. 12. 1752,
near Brookhaven, N. Y. He was a general
of militia in New York. He was a mem
ber of the state legislature from 1784 to
1799; and was a member of the convention
which adopted the constitution. He was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1799 to 1804. From 1804 to 1813 he
was a senator in congress, and in the lat
ter year was appointed United States mar
shal for New York.
SMITH, JOHN, clergyman, author, was
born Dec. 21, 1752, in Newbury, Mass.
He was a congregational minister and ed
ucator and professor of languages at
Dartmouth college and college pastor in
1778-1809, as well as librarian of the col
lege for some thirty years. He was the
author of Hebrew, Greek and Latin Gram
mars, as well as some minor publications.
He died April 30, 1809, in Hanover, N. H.
SMITH, JOHN, lawyer, state legislator,
congressman, was born Aug. 14, 1789, In
Barre, Mass. He moved in early life to St.
Albans, Vt. ; represented St. Albans in
the legislature for nine successive years,
and was elected state's attorney of Frank
lin county in 1826, and served six years.
In 1831-33 he was speaker in the general
assembly. He was a representative in
congress from Vermont from 1839 to
1841. He died Nov. 20, 1858, in St. Al
bans, Vt.
SMITH, JOHN, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Virginia
from 1801 to 1815.
SMITH, JOHN A., lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Sept. 23,
1814, in Hillsborough, Ohio. He was a
member of the Ohio legislature in 1841
and 1842, and was a member of the state
constitutional convention of 1851. He was
elected a representative from Ohio to the
forty-first and forty-second congresses as
a republican.
SMITH, JOHN AMBLER, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Sept. 23,
1847, near Dlnwiddie Court House. Va.
In 1868 he was appointed commissioner in
chancery of the courts of Richmond; was
state attorney of Charles City and New
Kent counties for one year, and was
elected to the state senate in 1869. He
was elected a representative from Virginia
to the forty-third congress.
SMITH, JOHN AUGUSTINE, physician,
college president, author, was born in
1782, in Virginia. He was a physician of
New York city, previously president of
William and M'ary college in 1814-26. He
was the author of Mutations of the Earth;
Moral and Physical Science; and Func
tions of the Nervous System. • He died
Feb. 9, 1865, in New York city.
SMITH, JOHN B., congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Louisiana from 1853 to 1855.
SMITH, JOHN BEYES, railroad presi
dent, was born June 7, 1815, in Sullivan
county, N. Y. In 1886 he was elected pres
ident of the Erie and Wyoming Valley
railroad, which position he still holds.
SMITH, JOHN BLAIR, clergyman, col
lege president, was born June 12, 1756, in
Pequea, Pa. He was called to the Third
Presbyterian church of Philadelphia in
1791, and thence to the presidency of
Union college upon its foundation in 1795,
but in 1799 returned to his former charge
in Philadelphia. He died Aug. 22, 1799,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
SMITH, JOHN BUTLER, manufacturer,
governor, was born April 12, 1838, at Sax-
ton's River, Vt. He received a thor
ough education, and attended the Fran-
cistown academy, New Hampshire. He is
a successful woolen manufacturer of Hills-
boro, N. H. ; was presidential elector in
1884; councillor of the state in 1887-89;
and during 1893-95 served with distinction
as governor of the state of New Hamp
shire.
SMITH, JOHN CORSON, soldier, public
official, was born Feb. 13, 1832, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He served with distinction
during the civil war from private soldier
to brigadier-general. He was United
States assessor at Galena, 111.; has been
chief grain inspector of Chicago; state
treasurer of Illinois, and filled with dis
tinction the high office of lieutenant-gov
ernor of the state of Illinois. He
is prominent in fraternal orders. He
left Chicago Nov. 26, 1894, and
sailed from San Francisco to Hon
olulu. He has made three trips around
the world; and the last and most
memorable one was in 1894-95; and at
every point in the world he touched he
met brothers of the Masonic order. He is
the past grand master and past grand
commander, Illinois, and honorary grand
master of Egypt.
SMITH, JOHN COTTON, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, governor, was born Feb.
12, 1765, in Sharon, Conn. He was a
member of the state senate in 1793, and
from 1796 to 1800 he was a member of
the lower house. He was a representa
tive in congress from Connecticut from
1800 to 1806. He was a presidential elect
or in 1809; was again a member of the
legislature until 1809; and was governor
of Connecticut from 1812 to 1817. He
was also lieutenant-governor, and judge
of the superior court. He died Nov. 7,
1845, in Sharon, Conn.
SMITH, JOHN COTTON, clergyman, au
thor, was born Aug. 4, 1826, in Andover,
Mass. He was an episcopal clergyman of
New York city; and rector of the Church
of the Ascension in 1860-82. He was the
author of The Church's Law of Develop
ment; Certain Aspects of the Church;
Miscellanies; Old and New; and The Lit
urgy as a Basis of Union. He died in
ISX2.
SMITH, JOHN E., lawyer, state senator,
was born Aug. 4, 1843, in Nelson, N. Y.
He has been district attorney and assist
ant United States attorney of northern
district of New York; and for two terms
was a member of the state senate of the
New York legislature.
SMITH, JOHN EUGENE, soldier, was
born Aug. 3, 1816, in Switzerland. In 1862
he became a brigadier-general of volun
teers; subsequently served in the United
States army as major-general; and in 1881
was retired.
SMITH, JOHN GREGORY, lawyer, state
senator, governor, was born July 22, 1818,
in St. Albans, Vt. In 1838 he graduated
from the university
of Vermont; and
subsequently from
the New Haven Law
school. He succeed
ed his brother as
chancellor in 1858;
was a member of the
state senate in 1858-
59; and was a repre
sentative in the state
legislature in 1860-
62. He was govern
or of Vermont dur
ing 1863-65; and was an active supporter
of the union cause during the civil war.
In 1866 he was made president of the
North Pacific railroad.
SMITH, JOHN HENRY, state legislator,
was born Sept. 18, 1848, in Corbunca,
Iowa; and is the son of Apostle George
A. Smith, who was
the first councillor to
Brigham Young. In
1882 he was a mem
ber of the legislature,
and in 1895 was
elected a member of
the constitutional
convention, of which
body he was unani
mously elected presi
dent. He has con
tributed a number of
valuable economic
articles to the periodical press.
SMITH, JOHN HYATT, clergyman, con
gressman, author, was born April 10,
1824, in Saratoga, N. Y. He was a prom
inent baptist clergyman of Brooklyn, and
a member of the forty-second congress
in 1880-82. He was the author of Gilead;
and The Open Door. He died Dec. 7,
1886,. in Brooklyn, N. Y.
SMITH, JOHN JAY, librarian, author,
was born June 16, 1798, in Burlington
county, N. J. He was a librarian of Phil
adelphia who edited many works, and
was author of Notes for a History of the
Library Company of Philadelphia; A Sum
mer's Jaunt Across the Water; and His
torical and Literary Curiosities. He died
Sept. 23, 1881, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SMITH, JOHN LAWRENCE, chemist,
author, was born Dec. 17, 1818, near
Charleston, S. C. He was a chemist of
note who was professor of chemistry in
the university of Louisville. He was the
author of Mineralogy and Chemistry,
original researches. He died Oct. 12,
1883, in Louisville, Ky.
SMITH, JOHN LYMAN. farmer, cler
gyman, legislator, was born Oct. 22, 1855,
in Salt Lake City, Utah. He was one
of the first settlers of southern Idaho, and
served an honorable term in the third ses
sion of the Idaho legislature during 1894-
95. He was successful in carrying
through a bill providing an appropriation
for an eastern portion of the State Nor
mal, which is now one of the finest
buildings in eastern Idaho. He was the
means of having an academy in Oakley;
is now superintending the building of a
tabernacle; and is an acting bishop in the
mormon church.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
863
SMITH, JOHN MONTGOMERY, edu
cator, lawyer, legislator, was born Feb.
26, 1834, in Bedford Springs, Pa. In 1838
he moved with his parents to Wisconsin,
settling in Mineral Point. He there re
ceived his education, studied law and was
admitted to the bar in 1862. In 1864 he
was superintendent of schools, district at
torney of Iowa county in 1868-70; mayor
of Mineral Point in 1879, 1880 and 1885.
He was a delegate to the democratic na
tional conventions of 1880 and 1888; was
city attorney in 1891-92; a member of the
county board in 1892; presidential elector
in the same year, and was also elected a
member of the assembly of the Wisconsin
state legislature in 1892.
SMITH, JOHN Cj., farmer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Nov. 5, 1824,
in Warren county, Ohio. He was a mem
ber of the Ohio state senate in 1860 and
1872; and was a member of the state house
of representatives in 1862 and 1863. He
was elected a representative from Ohio to
the forty-third congress as a republican;
in 1875 was appointed commissioner of
Indian affairs.
•SMITH, JOHN SPEED, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born July 31,
1792, in Jessamine county, Ky. He served
as a soldier under General Harrison; was
at the battle of Tippecanoe; and was aide-
de-camp to the same general at the bat
tle of the Thames in 1813. In 1819 he-was
elected to the legislature of Kentucky. He
was a representative in congress from
Kentucky from 1821 to 1823; and in 1827
was again elected to the state legislature,
and was made speaker of the house. He
subsequently served several terms both in
the house and senate, and was appointed
United States attorney for the district of
Kentucky. He was superintendent of pub
lic works in Kentucky for several years.
He died June 6, 1854, in Madison county,
Ky.
SMITH. JOHN STILMAN, clergyman,
was born Feb. 9, 1832, in Charlotte,
Maine. He is a successful clergyman of
the Christian church, and in 1881 became
assistant to the Rev. Edward Everett Hale
in Boston, Mass. He was one of the in-
corporators of the Society of Ten Times
One, and was made its treasurer.
SMITH. JOHN T., congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was elected a
representative in congress from that
state from 1843 to 1845.
SMITH, JOHN TALBOT, clergyman,
author, was born Sept. 22, 1855, in Sara
toga, N. Y. He is a Roman catholic cler
gyman in the diocese of Ogdensburg, and
the author of History of Ogdensburg Dio
cese; A Woman of Culture, a novel; Soli
tary Island, a novel; Prairie Boy, a juve
nile tale; and Our Seminaries, an essay on
Clerical Training.
SMITH, JONATHAN BAYARD, con
gressman, was born Feb. 21, 1742, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. He was a delegate from
Pennsylvania to the continental congress
from 1777 to 1778; and was a signer of
the articles of confederation. He died
June 16, 1812, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SMITH, JOSEPH, naval officer, was
born March 30, 1790, in Boston, Mass. He
served in the civil war; and in 1862 at
tained the rank of rear-admiral. He died
Jan. 17, 1877, in Washington, D. C.
SMITH, JOSEPH, clergyman, author,
was born July 15, 1796, in Westmoreland
county, Pa. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman, once prominent in western Penn
sylvania; and the author of History of
Jefferson College; and Old Redstone, or
Historical Sketches of Western Presby-
terianism. He died Dec. 4, 1868, in
Greensburg, Pa.
SMITH, JOSEPH, founder of the mor
mon sect, was born Dec. 23, 1805, in Sna-
ron, Vt. After failing to start a colony
of his sect in Ohio and Missouri, he at
last settled in Nauvoo, 111. But this failed
as all others had, on account of the op
position of the people to the peculiar doc
trines of the mormons. Joseph and his
brother being confined in jail, were sur
rounded by a mob and both killed June
27, 1844, in Carthage, 111.
SMITH, JOSEPH, founder of a religious
sect, was born Nov. 6, 1832, in Kirkland,
Ohio. After the death of his father in
1844 he remained in Nauvoo with his
mother, who would not acknowledge the
authority of Brigham Young. He went
abroad and preached frequently for about
fifteen years, and then removed to Da-
morii, Iowa, the acknowledged head of the
reorganized church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-Day Saints, a strong opponent to
the doctrine and practices of the polyga-
mists of Utah.
SMITH, JOSEPH EDWARD ADAMS,
— Godfrey Greylock — author, was born in
1822. He was a writer of Pittsfield,
Mass., and the author of Taghconic,
the Romance and Beauty of the Hills; and
A History of Paper.
SMITH, JOSEPH FIELDING, state leg
islator, was born Nov. 13, 1838, in Far
West, Mo. In 1882 he was a member and
president of the council of the Utah
legislature, and the same year was elected
president of the Utah constitutional con
vention. In 1889 he was elected second
counselor in the presidency of the mor
mon church of Salt Lake City, Utah.
SMITH, JOSEPH LEE, lawyer, jurist,
was born May 28, 1776, in New Britain,
Conn. Having become a resident of
Florida, he was appointed United States
judge for that territory, serving as such
until 1832. He died May 27, 1846, in St.
Augustine, Fla.
SMITH, JOSEPH MATHER, physician,
author, was born March 14, 1789, in New
Rochelle, N. Y. He was a physician of
New York city, and the author of Ele
ments of the Etiology and Philosophy of
Epidemics; and Illustrations of Medical
Phenomena in Public Life. He died April
22, 1866, in New York city.
SMITH, JOSEPH ROWE, soldier, was
born Sept. 8, 1802, in Stillwater, N. Y.
During the Mexican war he was brevetted
major and lieutenant-colonel. He became
chief mustering officer of Michigan in
1862, military commissary of musters in
1863, and in 1865 was brevetted brigadier-
general, United States army, for long and
honorable service. He died Sept. 3, 1868,
in Monroe, Mich.
SMITH, JOSEPH S., lawyer, manufac
turer, congressman, was born June 20,
1824, in Fayette county, Pa. He moved
to Oregon, and then to Washington ter
ritory; was made prosecuting attorney;
and was elected to the territorial legisla
ture, and made speaker in 1857. He was
elected a representative from Oregon to
the forty-first congress.
SMITH, JOSIAH, congressman, was
born in 1745 in Pembroke, Mass. He was
a representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1801 to 1803. He died in
March, 1803, of smallpox.
SMITH, JUDSON, clergyman, educator,
author, was born June 28, 1837, in Middle-
field, Mass. He is a congregational cler
gyman and educator; secretary of the
American Board of Commissioners for
Foreign Missions from 1884; and the au
thor of Lectures in Church History; and
Lectures on Modern History.
SMITH, JUSTIN ALMERIN, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 29, 1819, in
Ticonderoga, N. Y. He was a baptist
clergyman o€ Chicago, editor of The
Standard from 1853; and the author of The
Martyr of Vilvorde; Sinclair Thompson,
the Shetland Apostle; The Spirit in the
Word; Modern Church History; and
Patmos. He died in 1896.
SMITH, LEWIS W., educator, poet, was
born Nov. 22, 1866, in Malta, 111. After
spending a term in Beloit college, he later
attended the college of Fairfield, Neb.,
from which institution he graduated in
1889. He has attained success as an edu
cator in Nebraska; and his poems have
appeared in current literature.
SMITH, LLOYD PEARSALL, librarian,
author, was born Feb. 6, 1822, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He became hereditary as
sistant and treasurer in the Philadelphia
and Loganian library, and in 1851 suc
ceeded his father as librarian. He edited
Lippincott's Magazine in 1868-70; and
was the author of Report to the Contrib
utors of the Pennsylvania Relief Associa
tion for East Tennessee of a Commission
of the Executive Committee Sent to Ex
amine that Region; Remarks on the Ex
isting Materials for Forming a Just Es
timate of Napoleon I; Remarks on the
Apology for Imperial Usurpation Con
tained in Napoleon's Life of Caesar; Ad
dress Delivered at Haverford College
Before the Alumni; and Symbolism and
Science. He died July 2, 1886, in Ger-
mantown, Pa.
SMITH, LUCAS F., soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, was born Nov. 3, 1844, in Wells coun
ty, Ind. He graduated from the univer
sity of Michigan, and soon attained suc
cess as one of the foremost lawyers of
the west. During the civil war he served
as a private in the union army; and was
captain of a company of rangers in the
Indian war of 1875. He has served as
county attorney of Fannin county, Texas;
was district attorney of the eleventh ju
dicial district of Texas, and served with
distinction as United States district at
torney of New Mexico. He is now su
perior judge of Santa Cruz county, Cal.
SMITH, LUCIUS EDWIN, educator, au
thor, was born Jan. 29, 1822, in Williams-
town, Mass. From 1868 till 1875 he was
literary editor of the New York Examin
er. In 1877 he became editor of the
Watchman, Bosion, of which journal since
1881 he has remained associate editor.
Besides contributing numerous articles
to periodicals he has edited Heroes and
Martyrs of the Modern Missionary En
terprise.
SMITH, MRS. LURA EUGENIE, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1864 in New
York. She is a journalist of Little Rock;
and the author of On the Track and Off
the Train.
SMITH, LYMAN CORNELIUS, manu
facturer, inventor, was born March 31,
1850, in Torrington, Conn. He developed
a new typewriter, to
which he gave the
now w e 1 1-k n o w n
name of The Smith
Premier. In 1893 his
business was incor
porated under the
name of The Smith
Premier Typewriter
Co., Mr. Smith being
the president; and
this industry now
gives employment to
five hundred skilled
mechanics in the factory and to two hun
dred people in connection with the sales
department in the various branch offices
in this country and in Europe.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SMITH, MARCUS A., lawyer, congress
man, was born Jan. 24, 1852, near Cynthi-
ana, Ky. He moved to Arizona in 1881,
and the following year was elected prose
cuting attorney of his district. He was
elected to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-sec
ond, and fifty-third congresses as a demo
crat; refused to run for the fifty-fourth
congress; and was elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a democrat.
SMITH, MRS. MARGARET BAYARD,
author, was born in 1778 in Philadelphia,
Pa. She was a social leader in Washing
ton; and the author of A Winter in
Washington, in two volumes; and What
Is Gentility? She died in 1844 in Wash
ington, D. C.
SMITH, MARTIN LUTHER, soldier,
was born in 1819 in New York city. He
entered the confederate service, became a
brigadier-general, commanded a brigade
in defence of New Orleans, was at the
head of the engineer corps of the army,
and planned and constructed the defences
of Vicksburg, where he wag taken pris
oner. He subsequently attained the rank
of major-general. After the war he be
came chief engineer of the Selma, Rome
and Dayton railroad. He died July 29,
1866, in Rome, Ga.
SMITH, MARTIN SNYDER, public of
ficial, railroad president, was born Nov.
12, 1834, in Lima, N. \. He received the
rudiments of his education in the schools
of Pontiac, Mich. He has been vice-presi
dent and treasurer of the Alger-Smith
company and the Manistique Lumbering
company; president of the Manistique
Railway company; president of the Amer
ican Exchange National bank; president
of the Michigan Condensed Milk com
pany; and in 1872-88 was police commis
sioner.
SMITH, MARY, artist, was born in 1842
in Philadelphia, Pa. She became remark
able for her paintings of little chickens
and small animals of the woods. She left
a volume of one hundred finely drawn
and colored insects of eastern Pennsyl
vania. She also gave to the Pennsylvania
Academy of Fine Arts a perpetual gift
for an animal prize to ladies for the best
painting, which has done much good dur
ing the past twenty years. She died in
1878.
SMITH, MRS. MARY LOUISE RILEY.
author, poet, was born May 27, 1842, in
Brighton, N. Y. She is a popular poet
of New York city; and the author of
Sometime, and Other Poems; The Inn of
Rest; A Gift of Gentians, and Other
Verses; and Cradle and Armchair.
SMITH, MRS. MARY PRUDENCE, au
thor, was born July 30, 1840, in Attica,
N. Y. She is a Cincinnati writer for
young people; and the author of The
Browns; Child Life on a Farm; Jolly
Good Times at School; Jolly Good Times
at Hackmatack; More Good Times at
Hackmatack; and Miss Ellis's Mission.
SMITH, MRS. MARY Si UART, author,
was born in 1834 in Pennsylvania. She
has made many translations from the
German and French, and has also pub
lished Heirs of the Kingdom; and Vir
ginia Cookery Book.
SMITH, MATTHEW HALE, clergyman,
author, was born in 1816 in Portland,
Maine. He was a clergyman of the univer-
salist and subsequently of the presbyterian
and other faiths, and was also a lawyer
and brilliant journalist, known as Bur-
leigh. He was the author of Universalism
Examined, Renounced, and Exposed; Uni
versalism Not of God; Sabbath Evenings;
Mount Calvary; Sunshine and Shadow in
New York; Bulls and Bears of Wall
Street, which include his chief works.
He died Nov. 7, 1879, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
SMITH, MELANCTHON, congressman,
was born in 1724 in Jamaica, N. Y. He
was a delegate from New York to the con
tinental congress from 1785 to 1788. He
died July 29, 1798, in New York city.
SMITH, MELANCTHON, naval officer,
was born May 24, 1810, in New York city.
In 1826 he entered the navy as a mid
shipman, passed through all the grades;
and was commissioned rear-admiral in
1870. He was subsequently appointed gov
ernor of the naval asylum at Philadelphia.
SMITH, MERIWETHER, state legislat
or, congressman, was born in 1730 in
Essex county, Va. He was long a mem
ber of the house of burgesses; was a
member of all the Virginia conventions
in 1775 and 1776; and was a member of
the federal convention of Virginia. He
was a delegate to the continental con
gress from 1778 to 1782. He died Jan. 25,
1790, in Virginia.
SMITH, MILO ROBERTS, lawyer, legis
lator, was born July 1, 1830, in Logans-
port, Ind. He is a prominent lawyer of
Rochester, Ind.; was county recorder for
two terms of Fulton county; and served
with distinction as a state senator in the
Indiana legislature.
SMITH, MINNA CAROLINE, journal
ist, author, was born in 1860 in California.
She is a journalist of Boston; and the
author of The Boys of Gary Farm, a
juvenile tale; and Trilby, the Fairy of
Argyle, from the French of Nodier.
SMITH, MILTON H., railroad president,
was born in Chautauqua county, N. Y.
Since 1891 he has been president of the
Louisville and Nashville railroad.
SMITH, MOSES, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 16, 1830, in Hebron, Conn.
He first engaged in educational work as
instructor in the
Westneld academy;
and in 1855 entered
Andover Theological
seminary, from
which institution he
graduated in 1859.
He was ordained the
same year and be-
came pastor of
the congregational
church of Plainville,
Conn. During the
war he served in
company A, eighth regiment Connecti
cut volunteer infantry, and was unani
mously elected chaplain of the regiment.
He has filled pastorates in Chicago, Jack
son and Detroit, Mich.; and since 1888
has been pastor of the congregational
church at Glencoe, 111. He is the author
of Questions of the Ages, which discusses
certain of the deep things of the gospel.
SMITH, NATHAN, physician, author,
was born Sept. 13, 1762, in Rehoboth,
Mass. He was a physician who was a
medical professor in Dartmouth college
in 1798-1813. He was the author of Prac
tical Essays on Typhus Fever; and Medi
cal and Surgical Memoirs. He died July
26, 1828, in New Haven, Conn.
SMITH, NATHAN, lawyer, United
States senator, was born Jan. 8, 1769, in
Woodbury, Conn. He was a member of
the convention that framed the state con
stitution; and was for many years state's
attorney for the county of New HaVen.
He frequently served in the state legis
lature ; and was for several years United
States attorney for the district of Con
necticut. He was a delegate to the Hart
ford convention in 1814; and represented
his native state in the senate of the
United States from 1833 to 1835. He died
Dec. 6, 1835, in Washington, D. C.
SMITH, NATHAN RYNO, surgeon, au
thor, was born May 21, 1797, in Concord,
N. H. He was a professor of surgery in
the university of Maryland in 1840-70;
and the author of Surgical Anatomy of
the Arteries; and Legends of the South.
He died July 3, 1877, in Baltimore, Md.
SMITH, NATHANIEL, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Jan. 6, 1762, in
Woodbury, Conn. He was for many years
a member of the state legislature, serv
ing in both houses. He was a representa
tive in congress from Connecticut from
17b5 to 1799; and in 1806 was elected
judge of the supreme court of the state,
and held the office until 1819. He died
March 9, 1822, in Woodbury, Conn.
SMITH, OLIVER, philanthropist, was
born in January, 1766, in Hatfield,. Mass.
He was a magistrate for forty years; twice
a representative to the state legislature;
and in 1820 was a member of the state
constitutional convention. He acquired
large wealth by stock-raising; which he
bequeathed to establish the Smith chari
ties, a unique system of benevolence, now
holding one million dollars, the interest
of which is extended in marriage portions
to poor and worthy young couples. He
died Lee. 22, 1845, in Hatfield, Mass.
SMITH, OLIVER HAMPTON, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, au
thor, was born Oct. 23, 1794, near Trenton,
N. J. In 1824 he was prosecuting attor
ney for the third district of Indiana; and
was elected to the state legislature in
1822. He was a representative in con
gress from Indiana from 1827 to 1829;
and was a senator in congress from 1837
to 1848. He was the author of a work
giving his Recollections of Congressional
Life; and Early Indian Trials. He died
March 19, 1859, in Indianapolis, Ind.
SMITH, ORLAND, railroad president,
was born May 2, 1825, in Lewiston, Maine.
Since 1884 he has been president of the
Columbus and Midland railroad at Balti
more, Md.
SMITH, OTIS DAVID, educator, lec
turer, was born June 27, 1831, in New
Haven, Vt. For fifty years he has beeft
identified with the educational interests
of Alabama and the south; and has lec
tured before schools, colleges, and liter
ary institutions.
SMITH, PERRY, lawyer, jurist, United
States senator, was born May 12, 1783, in
Woodbury, Conn. He settled in New
Milford in 1807; was a state representa
tive for four years; and was a judge of
probate for two years. He was a senator
in congress from 1837 to 1843. He died
June 8, 1852, in Milford, Conn.
SMITH, PERSIFER FRAZER, lawyer,
author, was born in 1808 in Philadelphia.
Pa. He was a lawyer of Philadelphia;
and the author of Forms of Procedure in
Pennsylvania Courts; and Pennsylvania
Supreme Court Reports, in thirty-two vol
umes. He died May 17, 1882, in West-
chester, Pa.
SMITH, REUBEN S., educator, writer,
lawyer, politician, was born April 1, 1854,
in Marianna, Fla. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the common
schools of his native city, and graduated
from the Howard university, from which
institution he received the degree of
LL. B. He taught school for awhile,
and for several years was the Washing
ton correspondent of the New York Globe.
He has filled numerous offices of trust
in the United States government; was a
delegate to the national republican con-
ventjon in 1880; and is now one of the
leading lawyers of Washington, D. C.,
practices in all the courts of the District
of Columbia and before the government
departments.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
865
SMITH, RICHARD, congressman, was
born March 22, 1735, in Burlington, N. J.
He was a delegate from New Jersey to the
continental congress from 1774 to 1776.
He died in 1803 near Natchez, Miss., while
on a journey through the southern states.
SMITH, RICHARD PBNN, lawyer, au
thor, was born March 13, 1799, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He was a lawyer and drama
tist of Philadelphia, fifteen of whose plays
were placed on the stage, and were once
popular, Caius Marius being one of the
best. He wrote also The Forsaken, a
novel; The Actress of Padua, and Other
Tales; and Lives of Crockett and Martin
Van Buren. His complete works in four
volumes were issued in 1888. He died
Aug. 12, 1854, in Falls of Schuylkill, Pa.
SMITH, RICHARD SOMERS, soldier,
educator, author, was born Oct. 30, 1813,
in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a soldier and
educator; president of Girard college in
1863-68; and for the last seven years of
his life in charge of the department of
drawing at the United States Naval acad
emy. He was the author of Manual of
Topograpnical Drawing; and Manual of
Linear Perspective. He died Jan. 23,
1877, in Annapolis, Md.
SMITH, RICHMOND MAYO, educator,
author, was born in 1854 in Ohio. He is
a professor of political economy at Col
umbia college from 1883; and the author
of Statistics and Economics; Emigration
and Immigration; and Statistics and
Sociology.
SMITH, ROBERT, clergyman, educator,
was born in 1723 in Ireland. From 1751
till his death was pastor of the presby-
terian church at Pequea, Pa., a part of
the time supplying the church at.Leacock.
Shortly after his settlement in Pequea he
founded a classical and theological sem
inary, which enjoyed a high reputation.
He died April 15, 1793, in Rockville, Pa.
• SMITH, ROBERT, protestant episcopal
bishop, was born June 25, 1732, in Eng
land. In 1783 he opened an academy,
which was chartered in 1786 as the South
Carolina college. Of this institution he
was president until 1798. He was unani
mously elected in 1795 to be the first
bishop of the protestant episcopal church
in South Carolina. He died Oct. 28, 1801,
in Charleston, S. C.
SMITH, ROBERT, soldier, state legis
lator, cabinet officer, was born in Novem
ber, 1757, in Lancaster, Pa. He served as
a volunteer in the revolutionary war, and
was present at the battle of Brandywine.
He served as a member of the Maryland
legislature; was secretary of the navy
from 1802 to 1805; and was secretary of
the navy under President Madison. He
died Nov. 26, 1842, in Baltimore, Md.
SMITH, ROBERT, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born June 12, 1802, in
Petersborough, N. H. He removed to Il
linois in 1832; served in the Illinois legis
lature from 1836 to 1840; and was enroll
ing and engrossing clerk of the house of
representatives of Illinois from 1840 to
1843. He was then elected to congress,
and served until 1849; and was re-elected
to the thirty-fifth congress. He died in
December, 1867, in Alton, 111.
SMITH, ROBERT A., lawyer, banker,
legislator, was born June 13, 1827, in
Booneville, Ind. He received a thorough
education and attended the Indiana uni
versity of Bloomington. He has lead a
life of an active business man, banker,
lawyer, and statesman. He was elected
auditor of Warren county, Ind.; and in
1853 moved to St. Paul, Minn. He prac
ticed law, and was appointed secretary
to Governor Gorman, and acted as ter
ritorial librarian up to 1856; and for the
55
twelve succeeding years was treasurer of
Ramsey county. In 1868 he was elect
ed alderman of St. Paul, and for
three years was president of the
common council. He served two years
in the legislature; then became mayor
of St. Paul, and was elected a state
senator — serving eight years as mayor
and four years as state senator. He has
been postmaster of St. Paul, and for
nearly fifty years has been engaged in
official life.
SMITH, ROBERT BUnNS, lawyer, leg
islator, governor, was born Dec. 29, 1854,
in Hickman county, Ky. He received the
rudiments of his education in the public
schools, and at the academy of Milburn,
Ky. For four years he was engaged in
educational work; and studied law and
was admitted to the bar in 1877. In 1884
he was a member of the constitutional
convention of Montana; United States
district attorney for Montana during 1885-
89; was corporation counsel for the city
of Helena in 1891; and in 1894 was a
candidate for congress on the people's
party ticket. In 1897 he was elected to
fill the high office of governor of Mon
tana for four years. He is one of the
foremost lawyers of the west; and is re
garded as the best political debater in the
state of Montana.
SMITH, ROBERT DAVIS, soldier, edu
cator, college president, was born Oct. 9,
1842, in Columbia, Tenn. His father, Rev.
Franklin G. Smith, founded the Columbian
Athenaeum, of which Robert, his eldest
son, became president. He also served
four years in the confederate army as
captain.
SMITH, ROBERT FREDERICK, sol
dier, was born Aug. 2, 1806, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He saw much active service,
and commanded a brigade in Sherman's
march from Atlanta to the sea and thence
to Washington. Before the regiment was
mustered out of service in 1865 he was
brevetted brigadier-general. He died
April 23, 1893, in Hamilton, 111.
SMITH, ROSWELL, publisher, was born
March 30, 1829, in Lebanon, Conn. He
moved in 1870 to New York city, where,
in connection with Dr. Josiah G. Holland
and Charles Scribner, he established
Scribner's Monthly, now the Century
Magazine. In 1873 he began the publica
tion of St. Nicholas, a magazine for chil
dren. The first organization was under
the firm name of Scribner and Co., which
subsequently became the Century com
pany, with Mr. Smith as president.
SMITH, RUSSELL, artist, was born
April 26, 1812, in Glasgow, Scotland. When
seven years of age he came to Pennsyl
vania, and in 1835 settled in Philadelphia,
and has become a distinguished scene and
landscape painter. His Chocorua Peak,
and Cave at Chelton Hills were exhibited
in 1876 at the Philadelphia Centennial ex
hibition.
SMITH, SADIE ADAMS, author, was
born Aug. 23, 1845, in Lancaster, N. H.
She is the historian general of the Daugh>
ters of the Revolution; secretary general
and historian of United States Daughters
of 1812; and the first treasurer of the
National Society of New England Women
In 1865 she was married to Captain
Le Roy Sunderland Smith. She excels as
a writer, and has contributed extensively
to periodical literature.
SMITH, SAMUEL, financier, author,
was born in 1720 in Burlington, N. J. He
was a colonial treasurer of the province
of West Jersey; and published a History
jf Nova Caesarea, or New Jersey, from Its
Settlement to 1721. He died in 1776, in
Burlington, N. J.
SMITH, SAMUEL, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1805 to 1809.
SMITH, SAMUEL, soldier, merchant,
congressman, United States senator, was
born July 27, 1752, in Lancaster, Pa. He
was a distinguished merchant of Balti
more, of which city he was mayor. He rose
from the rank of captain to that of briga
dier-general in the revolutionary war. In
1776 he was a member of the convention
for framing the constitution of Maryland;
and was a representative in congress from
that state from 1793 to 1803, and again
from 1816 to 1822, He was a senator in
congress from 1803 to 1815, and again
from 1822 to 1833. He died April 22, 1839,
in Baltimore, Md.
SMITH, SAMUEL, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born in 1767 in Peter
borough, N. H. He held many public po
sitions; and was for many years a manu
facturer of paper. He was a representa
tive in congress from New Hampshire
from 1813 to 1815. He died in 1842.
SMITH, SAMUEL A., congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Bucks county
from 1829 to 18d3.
SMITH, SAMUEL A., lawyer, congress
man, was born June 26, 1822, in Monroe
county, Tenn. In 1845 he was elected at
torney-general for the third judicial dis
trict of Tennessee, which office he held
until 1848. He was a delegate to the Na
tional convention of that year held at
Baltimore; and was soon afterward elect
ed a presidential elector. He was again
chosen a presidential elector in 1852; and
in 1850 took a deep interest in the affairs
of me East Tennessee and Georgia rail
road. He was elected a representative
from Tennessee to the thirty-third con
gress; and was re-elected to the thirty-
fourth and thirty-fifth congresses. In
1859 he was appointed commissioner of the
general land office.
SMITH, SAMUEL EMERSON, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, governor, was
born March 12, 1788, in Hollis, N.
H. In 1812 he settled in Wiscasset,
Maine; was a representative in the
legislature in 1819 and 1820; and was
chief justice of the court of common pleas
of Maine in 1821. He was justice of the
state court of common pleas from 1822
to 1830; was governor of Maine from 1831
to 1834; and was again judge of the court
of common pleas from 1835 to 1837. In
the latter year he was a commissioner to
revise the public statutes of Maine. He
died March 4, 1860, in Wiscasset, Maine.
SMITH, SAMUEL FINLEY, educator,
journalist, was born Nov. 13, 1855, in
Dexter, Ohio. He began teaching at the
age of sixteen years,
earned all the money
necessary to com
plete his education,
won two of the three
class honors, and in
1884 graduated with
credit from the Na
tional Normal uni
versity at Lebanon,
Ohio. He taught
successfully as prin
cipal of Chester
academy and the Ra
cine public schools, both in his native
county. He was elected clerk of courts
of Meigs county in 1894, a position he
still holds. He is also editor and pro
prietor of The Pomeroy Leader, one of
the best local newspapers published in
the state.
sin;
HKRRINGSHAVV'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SMITH, SAMUEL FRANCIS, clergy
man, author, poet, was born Oct. 21, 1808,
in Boston, Mass. He received his educa
tion in the Boston
Latin school, and be
came a successful
clergyman and au-
thor. In 1834 he was
jr «•! ordained a clergy-
'< man of the baptist
church; filled a pas
torate in Waterville
for two years; and
during 1842-54 filled
a pastorate in New
ton, Mass. He has
been editor of the
various publications of the Baptist Mis
sionary union during 1864-69; and he
twice visited the chief missionary sta
tions in Europe and Asia. Dr. Smith did
a large amount of literary work, mainly
in the line of hymnology, his most noted
compositions being the national hymn,
My Country, 'Tis of Thee, and the mission
ary hymn entitled The Morning Light is
Breaking. 'His original hymns and poetry
have been published under the titles of
Lyric Gems; The Psalmist; Rock of
Ages; and he was also the author of
Missionary Sketches and other works. He
died in 1896.
SMITH, SAMUEL G., clergyman, lec
turer, author, was born in 1852. He is
a congregational clergyman; and since
1888 has been pastor
_^^^^ of the People's
^JL church of St. Paul,
Minn. He graduated
in 1872 from Cornell
' college, Iowa. He
has been seven years
, JK ;i member of the
L state board of cor-
4m rections and chari-
^^^* ' ties of Minnesota;
H^^^^^Hh^ three years member
M^^H^HHI of the St. Paul board
of education; and
five years president of the associated char
ities; besides occupying other public po
sitions. He has been for five years lectur
er in sociology in the state university.
He is in constant demand as a platform
lecturer, and has written extensively for
newspapers and magazines.
SMITH, SAMUEL HARRISON, journal
ist, author, was born in 1772 in Philadel
phia, Pa. He edited the New World in
1796-1800, and on the removal of the seat
of government to Washington, D. C., on
Oct. 31 of the latter year, founded the
National Intelligencer, which he edited
till 1818. He was commissioner of rev
enue from 1813 till the office was abol
ished. He published Remarks on Educa
tion; and Trial of Samuel Chase, Im
peached Before the United States Senate,
in two volumes. He died Nov. 1, 1845,
in Washington, D. C.
SMITH, SAMUEL JOSEPH, poet, was
born in 1771 in Moorestown, N. J. He
lived on his estate, dividing his time be
tween his farm, literature, and public
benefactions. Two of his lyrics are in
Lyra Sacra Americana, and his Miscel
lanies, with a memoir, were published in
1836. He died Nov. 14, 1835, near Bur
lington, N. J.
SMITH, SAMUEL STANHOPE, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
March 16, 1750, in Pequea, Pa. He was a
presbyterlan clergyman; and president
of Princeton college in 1794-1812. He was
the author of Lectures on the Evidences
of the Christian Religion; Moral and Po
litical Philosophy; Sermons; Compre
hensive View of Natural and Revealed Re-
ligion; and On the Variety of Complexion
and Figure of the Human Species. He
died Aug. 21, 1819, in Princeton, N. J.
SMITH, SAMUEL W.. educator, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
Aug. 23, 1852, in Independence, Mich. He
commenced to care for himself at the
early age of twelve years; and engaged
in teaching school at sixteen years of age,
and for the last eighteen years has prac
ticed law in Pontiac. Mich. In 1880 he
was elected prosecuting attorney of Oak
land county, and re-elected in 1882. In
1884 he was elected to the state senate;
and was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
SMITH, MRS. SARAH LOUISA HICK-
MAN, poet, was born June 30, 1811, in
Detroit, Mich. She was a Cincinnati poet
whose poems appeared in 1829. She died
Feb. 12, 1832, in New York city.
SMITH, SEBA— Jack Downing— journal
ist, author, was born Sept. 14, 1792. in
Buckfield, Maine. He was a journalist
of Portland, Maine; and after 1842 of
New York city. He was the author of
The Letters of Major Jack Downing;
Powhatan, a metrical romance; New Ele
ments of Geometry; Way Down East, or
Portraitures of Yankee Life; My Thirty
Years Out of the Senate; and Dew-Drops
of the Nineteenth Century. He died July
29, 1868, in Long Island, N. Y.
SMITH, SEBASTIAN BACH, clergy
man, author, was born in 1845. He was a
Roman catholic clergyman of Paterson,
N. J.; and the author of Elements of
Ecclesiastical Law; and New Procedure
in Criminal and Disciplinary Causes of
Ecclesiastics in the United States. He
died in 1895.
SMITH, SIDNEY IRVING, biologist,
was born Feb. 18, 1843, in Norway, Maine.
He had charge of the deep-water dredg
ing that was carried on in Lake Superior
by the United States lake survey in 18/1;
by the United States coast survey in the
region of St. George's banks in 1872. His
papers have been published in the Re
ports of the United States Fish Commis
sion; Reports of Progress of the Geo
logical Survey of Canada; and other gov
ernment reports.
SMITH, SOLOMON FRANKLIN, actor,
lawyer, author, was born April 20, 1801,
in Norwich, N. Y. He was a popular co
median who left the stage in 1853, and
was afterward a noted lawyer of St. Louis.
He was the author of Theatrical Appren
ticeship; Theatrical Journey Work; and
Autobiography. He died April 20, 1869,
in St. Louis, Mo.
SMITH, SOPHIA, philanthropist, was
born Aug. 27, 1796, in Hatfleld, Mass.
She founded Smith college of Northamp
ton, Mass., for the education of women,
which she endowed with nearly a half
million dollars. She also bequeathed
seventy-five thousand dollars to the town
of Hatfleld for the endowment of a school
preparatory to Smith college. She died
June 12, 1870, in Hatfield, Mass.
SMITH, STEPHEN, physician, author,
was born Feb. 19, 1823, in Onondaga
county, N. Y. He was a New York sur
geon; and professor of clinical surgery
in the university of the city of New York
from 1874. He is the author of Hand
book of Surgical Operations; and Prin
ciples of Operative Surgery.
SMITH, THEOPHILUS WASHING
TON, lawyer, jurist, state senator, was
born Sept. 28, 1784, in New York city.
After serving in the United States navy
he was admitted to the bar in his native
city in 1805, having been a law-student in
the office of Aaron Burr, and a fellow-
student with Washington Irving. In 1816
he visited the west in the interest of his
father-in-law, who had a large estate in
Ohio, and proceeding as far as Edwards-
ville, 111., settled there. In 1823 he was
elected state senator, and filled other im
portant offices. He died May 6, 1846, in
Chicago, 111.
SMITH, THOMAS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born in 1745 in Scotland.
In 1769 he was appointed deputy-surveyor,
and settled in Bedford, Pa. He was col
onel of militia during the revolution; and
was a member of the constitutional con
vention in 1776. He was a member of the
state legislature; was a delegate to the
continental congress from 1780 to 1782;
and was president judge from 1791 to 1794.
He was a judge of the superior court of
Pennsylvania from 1794 to 1809. He died
June 16, 1809, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SMITH, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1815 to 1817.
SMITH, THOMAS, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Indiana from
1839 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1847.
SMITH, THOMAS, state legislator, was
born Jan. 18, 1835, in England. In 1890-92
he was a member of the New Jersey state
legislature; and in 1891 he was appointed
commissioner for the World's Fair at
Chicago.
SMITH, THOMAS CHURCH HAS-
KKLL, lawyer, soldier, was born March
24, 1819, in Acushnet, Mass. He engaged
in the establishment of the Morse tele
graph system in the west and south, and
was president of the New Orleans and
Ohio Telegraph company. At the begin
ning of the civil war he became lieuten
ant-colonel of the first Ohio cavalry,
served under Gen. John Pope in Virginia,
and became brigadier-general of volun
teers in 1862. He was mustered out of
the volunteer service in 1866; in 1878'
entered the regular army as major and
paymaster; and in 1883 was retired.
SMITH, THOMAS KILBY, soldier, law
yer, diplomat, was born Sept. 23, 1820, in
Boston, Mass. In 1865 he was brevetted
major-general of volunteers; and the
following year was appointed United
States consul at Panama. He died Dec.
14, 1887, in New York city.
SMITH. THOMAS LOCHLAN, artist,
was born Dec. 2, 1835, in Glasgow, Scot
land. He removed to New York, and in
1869 was elected an associate of the Na
tional academy. He devoted himself
chiefly to painting winter scenes. His
Deserted House and Eve of St. Agnes
were at the Centennial exhibition at Phil
adelphia in 1876. He died Nov. 5, 1884, in
New \ork city.
SMITH, TRUMAN, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
Nov. 27, 1791, in Rocksbury, Conn. He
^^^^^^^^^^^^ was elected to the
^""•^ - state legislature in
1831, and re-elected
in 1832 and 1834. In
1839 he was elected
a representative in
congress; and was
re-elected in 1841. He
I was a presidential
I elector in 1844; in
1845 he was again
elected a representa
tive in congress, and
was re-elected in
1847. In 1849 he took his seat in the
United States senate for a full term of six
years. He was appointed judge of the
court of arbitration in New York, under
the treaty of 1862 with Great Britain. He
died May 3, 1884, in Stamford, Conn.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
867
SMITH, URIAH, author, poet, was born
in 1832 in New Hampshire. He is a
seventh day adventist writer of Battle
Creek, Mich.; and the author of Looking
Unto Jesus; Here and Hereafter; The
Destiny of the Wicked; Nature and Des
tiny of Man; A Word for the Sabbath, in
verse; The United States in the Light
of Prophecy; Daniel and the Revelation;
The Sure Foundation; and Scripture
Pathways Cleared of Stumbling Stones.
SMITH, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born in 1721 in Scotland. He was an
episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia who
came to America from Scotland in 1751,
and in 1754 was made first provost of the
university of Pennsylvania. A General
Idea of the College of Mirania first
brought him to the knowledge of Frank
lin, who was then laying plans for the
university. He was author, also, of Brief
Account of the Province of Pennsylvania;
Sermons; ana Discourses on Public Oc
casions. He died May 14, 1803, in Phila
delphia, Pa.
SMITH, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, au
thor, was born June 28, 1728, in New York
city. He was a jurist of New York city;
was a loyalist during the revolution; and
in 1786 was appointed chief justice of
Canada. He was the author of History
of the Province of New York from Its Dis
covery to 1732. He died Nov. 3, 1793, in
Quebec, Canada.
SMITH, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in 1730 in Baltimore, Md. He was
a delegate to the continental congress
from Maryland from 1777 to 1778; and
was a representative in congress from
l'<»9 to 1791. He was then appointed
auditor of the treasury. He died March
27, 1814, in Baltimore, Md.
SMITH, WILLIAM, educator, author.
In 1754 he was elected the first provost
of the college of Philadelphia, serving
until 1779. He was the author of A Brief
Account of Philadelphia; Discourses on
Puolic Occasions; and a collection of
sermons.
SMITH, WILLIAM, clergyman, educat
or, author, was born in 1754 in Scotland.
He was an episcopal clergyman of New
port, R. I., and elsewhere; and of some
note as an educator in his day. He was
the author of Essays on the Christian
Ministry. He died in 1821.
SMITH, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, United States senator, was born
in 1762 in North Carolina. He was a
senator in congress from South Carolina
from 1816 to 1823, and again from 1826 to
1831, officiating on two occasions as presi
dent pro tern, of the senate. In 1837 he
received the electoral vote of Virginia
for vice-president of the United States.
He served in the legislature of South
Carolina; was judge of the superior court
of that state; and was a distinguished
supporter of the doctrine of state rights.
He died June 10, 1840, in Huntsville, Ala.
SMITH, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1789 to 1799; and
resigned to become United States minis
ter to Portugal.
SMITH, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Chesterfield, Va. He was a repre
sentative from that state to the nine
teenth congress.
SMITH, WILLIAM, historian, states
man, author, was born Sept. 7, 1769, in
New York. He became successively clerk
of the provincial parliament, master in
chancery, and in 1814 secretary of state
for the colonies and a member of the ex
ecutive council. He published a History
of Canada from Its Discovery, in two vol
umes. He died Dec. 17, 1847, in Canada.
SMITH, WILLIAM, lawyer, state legis
lator, congressman, governor, was born
Sept. 6, 1797, in Virginia. In 1836 he
was elected to the
state legislature; and
was re-elected in
1840. He was a rep
resentative in con
gress during the
term of 1842 and
1843; and in 1845 he
was elected govern
or of Virginia for
three years. In 1853
he was again elected
a representative in
congress, in which
position he continued until the breaking
out of the rebellion in 1861. He subse
quently served as a brigadier-general in
the Virginia army, and was wounded at
Antietam. He died May 18, 1887, in War-
renton, Va.
SMITH. WILLIAM, naval officer, was
born Jan. 9, 1803, in Washington, Ky.
He entered the United States navy as
a midshipman in 1823; served in Com
modore David Porter's squadron against
the West Indian pirates; and became
lieutenant in 1831. During the civil war
he was in the frigate Congress when she
was sunk by the Merrimac; became com
modore in 1862; and was subsequently in
command of the Pensacola naval station
till 1865, when he was retired. He died
May 1, 1873, in St. Louis, Mo.
SMITH, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, was
born Oct. 8, 1697, in England. He gradu
ated from Yale in 1719, served as tutor
there for five years, and in 1724 returned
to New York city and was admitted to the
bar. His eloquence and address soon
brought him into notice. He died Nov. 22,
1769, in New York city.
SMITH, WILLIAM ALDEN, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 12, 1859, in
Dowagiac, Mich. He was appointed page
in the Michigan house of representa
tives in 1879; and was assistant secretary
of the Michigan state senate in 1882. He
was a member of the republican state
central committee in 1888, 1890, and 1892.
He was the republican candidate for con
gress in the fifth congressional district in
1894 and elected, and was re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
SMITH, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, agri
culturist, state senator, congressman, was
born Jan. 9, 1828, in North Carolina. He
was a member of the secession convention
of North Carolina in 1861. He was a
representative in the state legislature iu
1864; was a member of the constitution
al convention in 1865; and was a member
of the state senate in 1870. He was presi
dent of the North Carolina railroad, and
of the Yadkin River railroad; and was
a representative from Nortn Carolina to
the forty-third congress as a republican.
SMITH, WILLIAM ANDREW, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 29, 1802, in
Fredericksburg, Va. He was a methodist
clergyman of Vir
ginia whose Lectures
on the Philosophy
and Practice of Slav
ery are considered
the ablest presenta
tion of the pro-slav
ery side of the ques
tion. He took an ac
tive part in the abo
litionist movementf
and contributed val
uable articles on that
question to the lead
ing newspapers of the United States. He
died March 1, 1870, in Richmond, Va.
SMITH, WILLIAM E., state legislator,
governor, was born in 1824, in Scotland.
He was elected a member of the Wiscon
sin legislature in 1851 and re-elected in
1871, when he was made speaker of the
house. Besides holding many other of
fices, he has been twice elected governor
of Wisconsin, in 1877 and 1879.
SMITH, WILLIAM E., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 14, 1829,
in Augusta, Ga. In 1850 he was made
solicitor-general for the southwestern
circuit. In 1861 he entered the confeder
ate army in the fourth Georgia regiment
as first lieutenant; was elected captain
in 1862; and lost a leg in front of Rich
mond. In 1863 he was elected to the
confederate house of representatives, and
continued in that office during its exist
ence. He then engaged in agricultural
pursuits and cotton planting; and was
elected a representative from Georgia to
the forty-fourth, forty-fifth and forty-
sixth congresses as a democrat.
SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR. soldier,
author, was born Feb. 17, 1824, in St.
Albans, Vt. He was a brevet major-geil-
eral in the United
States army; and re
signed in 1867. He
is the author of
From Chattanooga
to Petersburg under
Generals Grant and
Butler; and several
other works.- He has
always been promi-
n e n 1 1 y identified
with army affairs;
has filled numerous
public positions of
honor in Wilmington, Del.; and has con
tributed extensively to the leading news
papers and magazines of the United
States.
SMITH, WILLIAM H., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, governor, was born April
9, 1826, in Georgia. He moved to Ala
bama; and was twice elected to the leg
islature. He was a presidential elector in
1856; was appointed a circuit judge of
the state; and in 1868 was elected govern
or of Alabama for the term of two years.
SMITH, WILLIAM HARRISON, col
lege president, was born May 10, 1848, in
Furnace, Va. He is president of the Vir
ginia Polytechnic institute of New Mar
ket, Va.
SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY, journalist,
author, was born in 1833 in Ohio. He was
a journalist of Cincinnati; and subse
quently collector of Chicago. He was the
author of The St. Clair Papers; and Po
litical History of the United States. He
died in 1896.
SMITH, WILLIAM J., soldier, agricult
urist, state senator, congressman, was
born Sept. 24, 1823, in Birmingham, Eng
land. He devoted
himself to agricult
ural pursuits; and
during the rebellion
was persecuted and
arrested on account
of his devotion to the
union cause. He en
listed in the volun
teer army as a pri
vate, and rose to the
rank of brevet brig
adier-general. H e
was a member of the
convention to reorganize the state govern
ment iu Tennessee; was subsequently
elected to the state legislature; and in
1867 was elected to the state senate. In
1868 he was elected a representative from
Tennessee to the forty-first congress.
868
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPKDIA OF AMKRICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SMITH, WILLIAM L. G., author, was
born in 1814 in Vermont. He is the au
thor of Uncle Tom's Cabin as It Is.
SMITH, WILLIAM LOUGHTON, diplo
mat, congressman, author, was born in
1758 in Charleston, S. C. He was a repre
sentative from South Carolina from 1789
to 1799; and resigned in 1797 to become
minister to Portugal; and was minister
to Spain in 1800-01. He was an active
federalist politician. He was the author
of Speeches; Comparative View of the
Constitutions of the States; and Ameri
can Arguments for British Rights. He
died in 1812 in Charleston, S. C.
SMITH, WILLIAM NATHAN HAR-
RELL lawyer, state senator, congress
man, was born Sept. 24, 1812, in Murfrees-
borough, N. C. In 1840 he was elected a
member of the state house of commons;
and in 1848 was elected to the state sen
ate. He was solicitor of the first judicial
district for eight years. In 1858 he Was
again elected to the house of commons,
but resigned his seat; and was elected a
representative from North Carolina to the
thirty-sixth congress. He took part in
the rebellion of 1861 as a member of the
so-called confederate congress; and was
a delegate to the Philadelphia national
union convention of 1866, and the New
York convention of 1868. He died Nov.
14, 1889, in Raleigh, N. C.
SMITH WILLIAM RUDOLPH, lawyer,
author, was born Aug. 31, 1787, in La
Trappe, Pa. He was a Wisconsin lawyer;
and the author of Observations on Wis
consin Territory, 1831; and History of
Wisconsin. He died Aug. 22, 1868, in
Quincy, 111.
SMITH, WILLIAM RUSSELL, lawyer,
congressman, author, was born Aug. 8,
1813, in Tuscaloosa, Ala. He is a lawyer
of Tuscaloosa, Ala., and was a congress
man in 1851-55; and during that period
sat in the confederate congress. He is
the author of The Alabama Justice; The
Uses of Solitude, a poem; As It Is, a
novel; and Condensed Alabama Reports.
SMITH WILLIAM SOOY, civil engineer,
was born July 22, 1830, in Tarlton, Ohio.
In 1853 he graduated from the United
States Military academy. In 1857 he made
the first surveys for the international
bridge across Niagara river; and con
structed an iron bridge across Savannah
river He was active in the civil war,
and was promoted brigadier-general of
volunteers in 1862. He has built numer
ous steel bridges; has served on numer
ous engineering expeditions; and in 1880
was president of the civil engineers club
of the northwest.
SMITH, WILLIAM STEPHENS, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born in
1755 in New York city. He was aid to
General Sullivan in 1776; was lieutenant-
colonel of the thirteenth Massachusetts
regiment from 1778 to 1779; and was sev
eral times wounded. He was then, for
a short time, attached to the staff of Steu-
ben but left in 1781 to become aid-de-
cam'p to Washington. He was secretary
of legation under John Adams in Eng
land in 1785; w.as surveyor of the port
of New York; and served three years as a
member of the New York assembly. He
was president of the New York Cincinnati
society in 1804; and was a representative
in congress from 1813 to 1816. He died
June 10, 1816, in Lebanon, N. Y.
SMITH, WILLIAM THEODORE, jour
nalist, state senator, was born Feb. 7,
1860, in Monticello, Ark. He is the editor
and owner of the Chronicle of Stuttgart,
Ark. He has served as a member of
the Arkansas state senate.
SMITH, WILLIAM WAUGH, soldier,
educator, author, was born March 12, 1845,
in Warrenton, Va. He entered the con
federate service at seventeen years of age,
fought through the war in the ranks,
twice refusing commissions, and was
wounded at the battles of Fair Oaks and
Gettysburg. He was principal of Bethel
academy in 1871-78, when he became
professor of languages in Randolph Ma-
con, held office till 1886, and since that
time has been president of that college.
He has published Outlines of Psychology;
and Chart of Comparative Syntax of
Latin, Greek, French, German, and En
glish.
SMITH, WINFIELD, railroad president,
was born Aug. 16, 1827, in Fort Howard,
Wis. He is president of the Milwaukee
and Superior railway.
SMITH, WORTHINGTON, clergyman,
author, was born in 1795 in Hadley, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman of
Vermont, pastor at St. Albans in 1823-49,
and president of the university of Ver
mont in 1849-56. He was the author of
Select Sermons. He died Feb. 13, 1856,
in St. Albans, Vt.
SMITH, WORTHINGTON C., merchant,
state senator, congressman, was born
April 23, 1823, in St. Albans, Vt. He
became an iron merchant and manufac
turer. In 1863 he was chosen to the leg
islature of the state, and in 1864 and 1865
was elected to the state senate, officiating
during the last session as president of the
senate. He was elected a representative
from Vermont to the fortieth, forty-
first and forty-second congresses as a re
publican.
SMITH, XANTHUS, soldier, artist, was
born Feb. 26, 1839, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He is known as a marine and landscape
painter. He served during the civil war
under Admiral Samuel F. DuPont, and has
painted many of the naval engagements of
the war.
SMITH, ZACHARIAH FREDERICK,
educator, author, was born Jan. 7, 1827,
in Henry county, Ky. He was super
intendent of public instruction in Ken
tucky for four years; and is the author
of a History of Kentucky.
SMITHDEAL, GEORGE MICHAfciL,
educator, author, was born Sept. 23, 1855,
near Salisbury, N. C. He taught school
and attended col
lege alternately for
several years, and
subsequently became
a successful Spence-
rian penman. In
1883 he opened the
Smithdeal Business
college in Greensbo
ro, N. C., which in
stitution he subse
quently moved to
Richmond, Va. He
has gradually built
one of the finest institutions of the kind
in the country, buying and uniting several
other schools of similar character with
the Smithdeal college, of which he is
president. He is the author of Smithdeal's
Bookkeeping, and other works.
SMITHERS, NATHANIEL B., lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 8, 1818, in
Dover, Del. He was clerk of the Delaware
house of representatives in 1845 and 1847.
In 1863 he was appointed secretary of
state for Delaware. He was elected a
representative from Delaware to the thir
ty-eighth congress.
SMITHSON, JAMES, scientist, philan
thropist. The Smithsonian institution of
Washington, D. C., was founded by con
gress in 1846, in accordance with the will
of James Smithson, who bequeathed for
its establishment over half a million dol
lars, and the institution was named in his
honor.
SMOCK, JOHN CONOVER, geologist,
author, was born Sept. 21, 1842, in Holm-
del, N. J. He is a geologist, assistant in
charge of the New York State Museum
from 1885, and the author of Report on
Clay Deposits; and On Building-Stones
in New York.
SMOKE, ELMYRA J., poet, was born in
1832, in Clinton county, Ohio. Her poems
have principally appeared in the leading
publications of the Pacific coast, and sev
eral have been given a place in standard
collections. Mrs. Smoke now resides in
Wichita, Kan.
SMOOT, MARTHA ADALINE, educator,
litterateur, was born Dec. 28, 1829, in
Buckholts, Liberty county, Miss. She
received her education at the Monticello
seminary, Illinois, and in Mobile, Ala.
For many years she was principal of lit
erary and musical schools in Galveston
and Bryan, Texas. In 1892-93 she was
chairman of the Texas advisory music
committee for the world's fair. She is
now a widow, and her son is president
of the National bank of Colorado, Texas.
She has contributed extensively to cur
rent literature.
SMYSER, MARTIN LUTHER, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 3, 1851, In
Plaine township, Ohio. He was elected
prosecuting attorney of Wayne county,
Ohio, in 1872, and served one term, and
has practiced law continuously since. He
was elected to the fifty-first congress as a
republican.
SMYTH, ALBERT HENRY, educator,
author, was born June 18, 1863, in Phila
delphia, Pa. He attended the Central
High school of his native city, and the
Johns Hopkins university. During 1885-
86 he was assistant librarian of the Johns
Hopkins university; and since 1886 has
been professor of English language and
literature in the Central High school of
Philadelphia. He was the founder and
editor of Shakesperiana, the first maga
zine ever devoted to the study of a single
author. He is the author of American
Literature, published in 1889; Life of
Bayard Taylor; and of various articles
and original investigations in the maga
zines and in the proceedings of learned
societies.
SMYTH, ALEXANDER, soldier, state
legislator, congressman, author, born in
1765, in Ireland. He was a member of the
Virginia legislature. He was appointed a
colonel of rifles in 1808, and was appointed
acting inspector-general, with rank of
brigadier-general in 1812. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Virginia
from 1817 to 1825, and from 1827 to 1830.
He published Regulations for United
States Infantry, in 1812, and a pamphlet
on the Apocalypse. He died April 26,
1830, in Washington, D. C.
SMYTH, DAVID McCONNELL, invent
or, was born July 3, 1833, in Ireland. He
is the inventor of a method for shaving
veneer wood, a machine for cutting wood
en toothpicks, and the adjustable mitre-
box, now in universal use.
SMYTH, EGBERT COFFIN, clergyman,
educator, author, was born Aug. 24, 1829,
in Brunswick, Maine. He is a congrega
tional clergyman prominent among lib
eral thinkers in his denomination, and
professor of ecclesiastical history at An-
dover seminary from 1863. He is the au
thor of The Value of the Study of Church
History in Ministerial Education; and
translation of Uhlhorn's Conflict of Chris
tianity and Heathenism.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
869
SMYTH, FREDERICK, governor. He
was governor of New Hampshire for two
years, from 1865 to 1867.
SMYTH, GEORGE W., congressman,
was born in North Carolina. He was
elected a representative in congress from
Texas from 1853 to 1855.
SMYTH, HERBERT WEIR, educator,
author, was born Aug. 8, 1857, in Wil
mington, Del. He is a professor of Greek
in Bryn Mawr college from 1888, and the'
author of Sounds anu Inflections of the
Greek Dialects.
SMYTH, JULIAN KENNEDY, clergy
man, author, was born in 1856 in New
York. He is a Sweclenborgian clergyman
of Boston, and the author of Footprints
of the Saviour; and Holy Names as In
terpretations of the Story of the Manger
and the Cross.
(SAMUEL), NEWMAN (PHIL
LIPS), clergyman, author, was born June
25, 1843, in Maine. He is a congregational
clergyman of prominence and of liberal
theology, and pastor of the First church
at New Haven from 1882. He is the au
thor of Old Faiths in New. Light; The
Orthodox Theology of To-Day; The Re
ligious Feeling; The Morality of the Old
Testament; Personal Creeds; Christian
Ethics; Dorner on the Future State; and
The Reality of Faith.
SMYTH, THOMAS, clergyman, author,
was born July 14, 1808, in Ireland. He
was a presbyterian clergyman of Charles
ton, pastor of the Second church in 1832-
73, and very active as a controversialist,
among whose many writings are: Lec
tures on the Prelatical Doctrine of the
Apostolical Succession; History of the
Westminster Assembly; Why Do I Live?
Solace for Bereaved Parents; Calvin and
His Enemies; and Ecclesiastical Repub
licanism. He died Aug. 20, 1873, in
Charleston, S. C.
SMYTH, THOMAS A., soldier, was born
in Ireland. He served through the civil
war, and for gallant and meritorious ser
vices received the rank of brigadier-gen
eral. He died April 6, 1865, in Farmville,
Va.
SMYTH, WILLIAM, educator, author,
was born in 1797 in Pittston, Maine. He
is an educator who was professor of
mathematics at Bow-
doin college from
1825, and is the au
thor of Elements of
Algebra; Treatise on
Algebra; Trigonome
try, Surveying, and
Navigation; E 1 e -
ments of Analytical
Geometry; Elements
of the Differential
and Integral Calcu
lus; and Lectures on
Modern History. He
died April 3, 1868, in Brunswick, Maine.
SMYTH, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 3, 1824, in Ire
land. In 1848-53 he was attorney for
Linn county, Iowa; was judge of the same
from 1854 to 1857; and in 1858 was ap
pointed a commissioner to codify the
state laws. He was a colonel of Iowa
volunteers from 1862 to 1864, and was
elected a representative from Iowa to the
forty-first congress.
SNAPP, H., lawyer, state senator, con
gressman, was born June 30, 1822, in
Livingston county, N. Y. He was elected
to the Illinois state senate in 1869, and
served until elected to the forty-second
congress as a republican.
SNEAD, THOMAS LOWNDES, soldier,
lawyer, author, was born Jan. 10, 1828, in
Henrico county, Va. He was a St. Louis
lawyer who served in the confederate
army, and after 1865 resumed his profes
sion in New York city. He was the au
thor of The Fight for Missouri in 1861.
He died Oct. 17, 1890, in New York city.
SNEED. JOHN LOUIS TAYLOR, sol
dier, lawyer, jurist, state legislator, au
thor, was born May 12, 1820, in Raleigh,
N. C. He was a member of the Tennessee
legislature in 1845; and was captain of
a Tennessee company in the Mexican war
in 1846-47. He was judge of the state
supreme court in 1870-78, and of the
court of arbitration in 1879, and judge
of the state court of referees in 1883-84.
In 1888 he was chosen president of the
Memphis School of Law. He is the au
thor of Reports of the Supreme Court of
Tennessee, 1854-59.
SNEED, WILLIAM H., congressman,
was born in Tennessee. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1855 to 1857.
SNELLING, HENRY HUNT, author,
was born Nov. 8, 1817, in Plattsburg, N.
Y. He is a writer living at Cornwall,
N. Y., from 1871, and the author of His
tory and Practice of Photography; and
Dictionary of the Photographic Art.
SNELLING, JOSIAH, soldier, author,
was born in 1782, in Boston, Mass. He
was distinguished in the battle of Tip-
pecanoe in 1811; and attained the rank of
colonel. He was the author of Remarks
on General Hull's Memoirs. He died Aug.
20, 1829, in Washington, D. C.
SNELLING, WILLIAM JOSEPH, jour
nalist, author, was born Dec. 26, 1804, in
Boston, Mass. He was a journalist of Bos
ton; and the author of The Polar Regions
of the Western Continent Explored;
Truth: a Satirical Poem; and Six Months
in a House of Correction. He died Dec.
24, 1848, in Chelsea, Mass.
SNETHEN, NICHOLAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born Nov. 15, 1769, in Glen Cove,
L. I. He was a methodist itinerant preach
er, active in the formation of the meth
odist protestant denomination; and the
author of Preaching the Gospel; Lay Rep
resentation; and Lectures on Biblical Sub
jects. He died May 30, 1845, in Princeton,
Ind.
SNIDER, DENTON JAQUES, lecturer,
author, was born Jan. 9, 1841, in Mt. Gil-
ead, Ohio. He is a literary lecturer of St.
Louis; and the author of System of
Shakespeare's Dramas; A Walk in Hel
las; Delphic Days, an idyl in the elegiac
distich; Agamemnon's Daughter, a classic
romantic poem; An Epigrammatic Voy
age; Goethe's Faust: a Commentary; and
The Shakespearean Drama.
SNIDER, SAMUEL PRATHER, soldier,
agriculturist, manufacturer, state legisla
tor, congressman, was born Oct. 9, 1845,
in Mt. Gilead, Ohio.
He enlisted as a pri
vate soldier in the
sixty-fifth Ohio vol
unteer infantry;
served with his regi
ment in Kentucky,
Tennessee, Georgia,
Alabama, and Missis
sippi; and was
wounded at the bat
tle of Stone River,
and severely wound
ed and taken prison
er at the battle of Chickamauga. He serv
ed in West Tennessee as captain in the
thirteenth United States colored infantry.
He moved to Minnesota in 1876; or
ganized and built the Midland railway;
and is engaged in farming, mining, and
manufacturing in Minneapolis. He served
in the Minnesota legislature from 1884 to
1888; and was elected to the fifty-first
congress as a republican.
SNIVELY, WILLIAM ANDREW, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1833 in Penn
sylvania. He is an episcopal clergyman
of Louisville; and the author of Family
Prayers for the Christian Year; Testi
monies to the Supernatural; Parish Lec
tures on the Prayer Book; Esthetics in
Worship; and The Oberammergau Pas
sion Play.
SNODGRASS, HENRY C., lawyer, ju
rist, was born in 1848 in White county,
Tenn. He commenced the practice of law
in Sparta, Tenn., which he still continues.
He was attorney-general of the fifth ju
dicial circuit for eight years; and was
elected to the fifty-second and re-elected to
the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
SNODGRASS, JOHN FRYALL, lawyer,
congressman, was born March 2, 1804, in
Berkeley county, Va. He was a lawyer by
profession, and practiced in Parkersburg,
Va. He was a representative in congress
from Virginia from 1853 to 1854. He died
June 5, 1854, in Parkersburg, W. Va.
SNOVER, HORACE G., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 21, 1847, in
Romeo, Mich. He was probate judge of
Huron county, Mich., from 1881 to 1885;
and was elected to the fifty-fourth and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a re
publican.
SNOW, ALVIN LINCOLN, clergyman,
author, poet, was born Jan. 29, 1862, in
Ellison, 111. He has attained success as a
, clergyman, and has
filled pastorates in
' various churches in
the western states.
He is the author of
Songs of the White
VT " Mountains and Other
w . Poems, and has con
tributed extensively
to current literature.
He now fills a pasto
rate in his church at
Lenox, Iowa; and has
filled many of the
most important offices in the gift of his
denomination.
SNOW, ANNA LE CONTE BROOKS,
president of Daughters of the Revolution,
was born Sept. 25, 1855, in Philadelphia,
Pa. She is a graduate of Vassar col
lege, and the honored president of the
Daughters of the Revolution.
SNOW, ARTHUR H., lawyer, state leg
islator, was born in 1841 in Clinton, Mich.
He has been county attorney of Winona
county, Minn.; mayor of Winona; and
president of the board of education. In
1896 he was elected a member of the Min
nesota state legislature.
SNOW, CALEB HOPKINS, physician,
author, was born April 1, 1796, in Boston,
Mass. He was a Boston physician who
published A History of Boston; and Ge
ography of Boston and Adjacent Towns.
He died July 6, 1835, in Boston, Mass.
SNOW, ELBRIDGE GERRY, under
writer, was born Jan. 22, 1841, in Water-
bury, Conn. He read law in an office in
his native city; and in 1862 entered the
New York office of the Home Insurance
company, of which he became the Massa
chusetts general agent in 1873. In 1885
he was appointed assistant secretary in
the New York office; and three years later
was elected a director and vice-president
of the company, which positions he still
fills. He is a member of the New York
Geological society, and various other or
ganizations.
870
HERR1NGSHAWS EN'C YCLOPED1A OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SNOW, FRANCIS HUNTINGTON, edu
cator, college president, scientist, was
born June 29, 1840, in Fitchburg. Mass.
He received his education at the Williams
college, Ando\er Theological seminary,
and the Agassiz School of Natural His
tory, and has received the degrees of Ph.
D. and LL. D. He has been principal of
the high school of Fitchburg, Mass.; in
1866-70 was professor of mathematics and
natural science in the university of Kan
sas; and professor of natural history in
the same institution during 1870-89. Since
that time he has been professor of botany
and entomology in the university of Kan
sas, and president and chancellor of that
institution since 1890. He is eminently
successful as a lecturer, and a thorough
believer in the doctrines of evolution. He
has been an enthusiastic scientist; has
made frequent excursions upon the plains
and into the mountains of Colorado and
New Mexico, which have resulted in valu
able additions to the Zoological, Botanical,
Entomological, and Paleontological mu
seums. He has discovered many new spe
cies of insects, a score of which have been
named in his honor.
SNOW, HERMAN W., lawyer, educator,
state legislator, congressman, was born
July 3, 1836, in La Porte county, Ind. He
Eerved in most of the southern states, and
was provost-marshal-general of Georgia
on Major-General Steedman's staff. At
the expiration of service he resumed
teaching in the Chicago High school for
three years. He was elected to the Illi
nois legislature; and was elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat.
SNOW, JOHN F., educator, orator, was
born June 17, 1854, in Portland, Ind. After
ten years devoted to the work of student
and teacher in the
various school grades
he attained the de
gree of bachelor of
science. In 1883 he
was chosen county
superintendent o f
Adams county, Ind.,
and has since been
I five times re-elected
| to the same position.
As a member of the
Indiana County Su
perintendents' asso
ciation he has served on various educa
tional committees, and in 1890 was chosen
president of the association. He has con
tributed extensively to current literature
on educational topics; and is the author
of a biographical work.
SNOW, LORENZO, was born April 3,
1814, in Mantua, Ohio. In 1893 he was
elected president of the twelve apostles
of the Mormon church. Salt Lake City,
Utah, which office he still holds.
SNOW, MARSHALL SOLOMON, educa
tor, author, was born Aug. 17, 1842, in
Hyannis, Mass. He is a professor of his
tory in Washington university; and the
author of The City Government of St.
l^ouis.
SNOW, WILLIAM DUNHAM, soldier,
lawyer, poet, inventor, was born Feb. 2,
1832, in Webster, Mass. Since his gradu
ation at Columbia Law school in 1876 he
has practiced in New York city and in the
federal courts. He has invented a success
ful carburettor, a gas-regulator, a thermo-
static apparatus for the maintenance of
equal heat for furnaces and steam appara
tus, and a system for fac-simile telegraphy.
He is the author of several anti-slavery
poems, and has contributed to magazines.
SNOW, WILLIAM W., congressman,
\vas born in Massachusetts. He removed
to New York; and was elected a represen-
tathe from that state to the thirty-second
congress.
SNOW. ZERUBBABEL, lawyer, jurist,
was an early emigrant to the territory of
Utah; and in 1850 was appointed a judge
of the United States court for that dis
trict.
SNOWDEN, ARCHIBALD LOUDON,
inventor, was born Aug. 11, 1837, in Cum
berland county. Pa. He was made register
of the United States mint on May 7, 1857;
became chief coiner on Oct. 1, 1866, and in
1877-79 was postmaster of Philadelphia.
In 1879-85 he was superintendent of the
mint, and in 1878 he declined the office of
general director of all the mints in the
United States.
SNOWDEN, DAVID HAROLD, educa
tor, clergyman, lecturer, author, was born
April 25, 1842, in Fairview C. H., W. Va.
He has attained emi
nence as a clergy
man of the congrega
tional church; has
filled pastorates in
various cities, and
now fills a pastorate
in Nickerson, Kan.
He has received the
degrees of M. D., Ph.
D.,D. D..LL. D., F.R.
S., and is a member of
many learned bodies.
For many years he
taught Hebrew and Greek; is a brilliant
lecturer; and the author of Is Man a
Creation; The Seven Most Prominent of
the Twenty-Five Bibles of the World;
God's Hand in American History, and
other works. In 1898 he was appointed as
sistant surgeon-general of the western de
partment, with the rank of colonel in the
regular army.
SNOWDEN, JAMES ROSS, numismatist,
congressman, author, was born in 1810 in
Chester, Pa. He was speaker of the house
of representatives of Pennsylvania from
1842 to 1844. He was state treasurer from
1845 to 1847; was treasurer of the United
States mint from 1847 to 1850, and director
of the same from 1853 to 1861. He pub
lished Descriptions of Coins in the United
States Mint; Description of Medals in
the United States Mint; The Mint at
Philadelphia; Coins of the Bible; and
The Corn Planter Memorial. He was also
the author of the Articles on Coins of the
I'nited States in the National Almanac of
1873, and many pamphlets on the subject.
He died March 21, 1878, in HulmeUlle, Pa.
SNYDER, ADAM CLARK, lawyer, ju
rist, was born March 26, 1834, in High
land county, Va. For nine years he was
judge of the supreme court of West Vir
ginia.
SNYDER, ADAM W., state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1801. He fre
quently served in the state legislature of
Illinois; and was a representative in con
gress from that state from 1837 to 1839.
He died May 14, 1842, in Belleville, 111.
SNYDER, CHARLES PHILIP, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 9, 1847, near
Charleston, W. Va. He was elected prose
cuting attorney of Kanawha county, W.
Va., in 1876; was re-elected in 1880, and
continued to serve until elected a repre
sentative from West Virginia to the forty-
eighth congress to fill a vacancy; and was
re-elected to the forty-ninth congress as a
democrat.
SNYDER, ELMORE WILLIAM, banker,
railroad president, was born Nov. 23. 1850,
in Wayne county, N. Y. He is the presi
dent of the Manufacturers' National bank
of Lea^enworth, Kan.; and president of
the Leavenworth Terminal railway.
SNYDER, GREELEY B., physician,
surgeon, was born May 8, 1860, in Henry
county. 111. He studied medicine in the
medical department of the university of
Michigan, and at the Bellevue Hospital
Medical college of New York city, from
which institution he graduated in 1885.
He has attained success in his profession,
and is one of the leading physicians and
surgeons of Iowa at Rock Valley.
SNYDER, JOHN, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was elected a
tepresentative in congress from that state
from 1841 to 1843.
SNYDER, MARTIN L., lawyer, was
born April 3, 1858, near Sunbury, Pa. He
attended the university of Selin's Grove,
Pa.; then took a scientific course at the
State Normal school at Bloomsburg, Pa.,
finishing his education at the Princeton
college of New Jersey. For several years
he was connected with the Augusta bank
of his nathe city, and is now a prominent
attorney and real estate dealer.
SNYDER, OLIVER P., state senator,
congressman, was born Nov. 13, 1833, in
Missouri. He was a member of the gen
eral assembly of Arkansas in 1864 and
1865; and was elected a delegate to the
state constitutional convention in 1867. He
was a presidential elector in 1868; was
elected a member of the state senate for
four years; and was appointed one of the
three commissioners to revise and rear
range the statutes of Arkansas. He was
elected a representative from Arkansas to
the forty-second and forty-third con
gresses; and in 1875 was appointed post
master of Pine Bluff, Ark.
SNYDER, SIMON, state senator, con
gressman, governor, was born Nov. 5,
1759, in Lancaster, Pa. He was several
years speaker of the house of representa
tives of Pennsyhania; and in 1818 was
a member of the state senate. He was
governor of Pennsylvania from 1808 to
1817. He died Nov. 9, 1819, in Selin's
Grove, Pa.
SNYDER, WILLIAM HENRY, artist,
was born Feb. 28, 1830, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
He studied in Paris; has attained promi
nence as a painter; and is curator of the
Brooklyn Art school.
SNYDER. WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
legislator, was born June 29, 1858, in
Belleville, 111. He received the rudiments
of his education in the public schools of
his native city, and attended Washington
university of St. Louis, Mo. He is an
able lawyer of Belleville, 111.; has been
city attorney; served with distinction as
a member of the house of representatives
of the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth Illi
nois general assemblies. He is now mas
ter in chancery of his county; secretary
of the board of trustees of the Illinois
Historical library; and is prominent in
the public affairs of his city, county and
state.
SOLEY. JAMES RUSSELL, educator,
author, was born Oct. 1, 1850, in Roxbury,
Mass. He is an educator, professor at the
Naval academy in 1871-82, and lecturer on
international law at Newport Naval col
lege from 1885. He is the author of The
Rescue of Greeley; Foreign Systems of
Education; The Blockade and the Cruis
ers; The Boys of 1812 and Other Naval
Heroes; History of the Naval Academy;
and The Sailor Boys of '61.
SOLLERS, AUGUSTUS R.. congress
man, was born in Maryland. He was
elected a representative in congress from
his nathe state from 1841 to 1843, and
again from 1853 to 1855. He was a presi
dential elector in 1856.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPEIY.
871
SOLOMON, EDWARD, governor. He
was governor of Wisconsin from 1861 to
1863.
SOMERBY, FREDERIC THOMAS, au
thor, was born Jan. 4, 1814, in Newbury-
port. He was for many years a corres
pondent of the Boston Post and the Spirit
of the Times, and published, under the
name of Cymon, Hits and Dashes, or a
Medley of Sketches and Scraps touching
People and Things. He died Jan. 18, 1871,
in Worcester, Mass.
SOMERBY. HORATIO GATES, genealo
gist, was born Dec. 24, 1805, in Newbury-
port, Mass. He was a member of the New
England Historic-Genealogical society, to
whose- publications he contributed valua
ble papers, and a large quantity of his
unpublished material is in possession of
the Massachusetts Historical society, with
which he had been connected since 1859.
He died Nov. 14, 1872, in London, Eng
land.
SOMERS, PETER J., lawyer, congress
man, was born April 12, 1850, in Menomi-
nee, Wis. In 1882 he was elected attorney
of the city of Milwaukee, and served two
years; and in 1890 was elected to the
common council, and upon its organiza
tion was elected president. He was ap
pointed trustee of the Public library; and
in 1890 was elected mayor of the city of
Milwaukee, and was re-elected in 1892. At
the special election held in 1893 to fill a
vacancy he was elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
SOMERVILLE, HENDERSON MIDDLE-
TON, journalist, jurist, was born March 23,
1837, in Madison county, Va. In 1860 he
became editor of the Memphis Appeal;
and in 1880 he was appointed associate
justice of the supreme court of Alabama,
serving for twelve years, and in 1890 he
was appointed United States general ap
praiser.
SOMERVILLE, WILLIAM CLARKE,
public official, author, was born March 25,
1790, in St. Mary's county, Md. He was a
writer who was appointed minister to
Sweden, but died before reaching there
and was buried at the Marquis Lafay
ette's home at Lagrange. He was the au
thor of Letters from Paris on the Causes
of the French Revolution. He died Jan.
5, 1826, in France.
SOMES, DANIEL E., congressman. He
was a representative from Maine in the
thirty-sixth congress. From 1855 to 1857
he was mayor of Biddeford, Maine; and
from 1856 to 1858 was president of the City
bank of that city. He was a member of
the peace congress of 1861; and subse
quently settled in Washington as a claim
agent.
SOMMERS, CHARLES GEORGE, cler
gyman, author, was born March 4, 1793,
in England. After a six years' pastorate
in Troy, N. Y., he was called to the charge
of the South Baptist church in New York
city, where he remained till his retirement
in 1856. He published numerous contro
versial articles in defense of baptist doc
trines, edited a volume of Psalms and
Hymns, and The Baptist Library; and was
the author of a Memoir of John Stanford,
D. D., with Selections from his Corres
pondence. He died Dec. 19, 1868, in New
York city.
SONGER, ABRAM W., soldier, mer
chant, was born Nov. 2, 1832, near Xenia,
111. He served in the civil war as second
and first lieutenant of the twenty-first'
regiment Illinois volunteer infantry from
May 10, 1861, to May 15, 1865. He is a
successful miller and grain dealer of Kin-
mundy, 111.; has served as city alderman
for several terms; has been a member of
the board of education; and is now pres
ident of the board of education and Kin-
mundy graded schools.
SONNTAG, GEORGE, soldier, was born
in 1786 in Philadelphia, Pa. He went to
Russia in 1815, entered the military ser
vice, and with the allied army entered
Paris. He became a general in the Rus
sian army and an admiral in the navy.
He died March 23, 1841, in Russia.
SONNTAG, WILLIAM LOUIS, artist,
was'born March 2, 1822, in Pittsburg, Pa.
In 1823 his parents moved to Cincinnati,
Ohio, and he receiv
ed a thorough edu
cation in the Kin-
mont school in that
city. In 1848 he
opened a studio in
Cincinnati, and was
entirely a self-taught
artist. In 1853 he
made his first visit
to Europe; and has
since spent two years
in Florence studying
art. In 1854 he moved
to New York city, where he has attained
success as an eminent landscape painter.
Since 1S61 he has been a member of the
National Academy of Design; is a mem
ber of the American Water-Color society;
the Artist Fund society, and various other
institutions. His most notable pictures
are Progress of Civilization; Spirit of
Solitude; E\angeline; and A Dream of
Italy.
SOPER, ERASTUS BURROWS, soldier,
lawyer, business man, was born Sept. 15,
1841, in Pitcher. N. Y. During 1857-61 he
attended the Western
college; Cornell col
lege during 1865-68,
and subsequently re
ceived from the lat
ter institution the
degree of A. M. Dur
ing the civil war he
served as private,
sergeant, second lieu
tenant, first lieuten
ant, and captain in
the first and twelfth
regiments Iowa vol
unteer infantry. He has resided in Iowa
since 1847, and is an able lawyer and busi
ness man of Emmetsburg. He has been di
rector, vice-president and president of a
large number of banking and other corpo
rations; is a charter member of the Iowa
Society Sons of the American Revolu
tion; is prominent in fraternal orders;
and for twenty years has been an active
and influential member of the board of
trustees of Cornell college.
SOPHOCLES, EVANGELINUS APOS-
TOLIDES, scholar, educator, auiuor, was
born March 8, 1807, in Greece. He was a
Greek scholar of distinction, and professor
at Harvard unhersity in 1849-83. His chief
work is a Greek Lexicon of the Roman
and Byzantine Periods; and among his
other publications are Greek Grammar for
Learners; and History of the Greek Al
phabet. He died Dec. 17, 1883, in Cam
bridge, Mass.
SOPRIS, WILLIAM ROBERT, lawyer,
legislator, was born Nov. 18, 1869, in
Trinidad, Colo. He received his education
at the Denver university, and graduated
from the Columbia Law school of New
York. He is a successful lawyer of his
native city, and served with distinction
as a member of the Colorado legislature
tn 1895-97. He was the youngest member
of the house, and served on several im
portant committees.
SORG, PAUL J., manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 23, 1840, in
Wheeling, W. Va. He began the manu
facture of tobacco
on a small scale in
Cincinnati, and his
manufactory, now lo
cated at Middletown,
Ohio, is one of the
largest in the world
and employs more
than a thousand men.
He was elected to
the fifty-third con
gress as a democrat
at a special election
held in 1894 to fill a
\acancy. At the November (1894) elec
tion he enjoyed the distinction of being
one of the two democratic representatives
elected from Ohio, being elected to the
fifty-fourth congress as a democrat.
SOR1N, EDWARD, clergyman, was
born in 1814 in France. He was the first
president of Notre Dame college, and con
tinued in office until
1865. One of its
beautiful halls which
is adorned with a
life-sized portrait of
Washington was
named and dedicated
• in his honor by
^^ Father Sorin, and
H| Washington's birth-
I day is always a gala
I day at Notre Dame.
•V .it MM The Avo Maria. :i
widely known religi
ous journal, was started by Father Sorin,
who was its editor for a number of years;
and he has contributed extensively to
catholic publications.
SOSSO. LORENZO, merchant, poet, was
born March 2, 1867, in Italy. He is a suc
cessful merchant of San Francisco, Cal.;
and the author of a volume of poems en
titled A New Poet.
SOTHERAN, ALICE HYNEMAN, au
thor, poet, was born Jan. 31, 1840, in Phil
adelphia, Pa. She has attained promi
nence as a constant contributor of prose
and verse to current magazines and news
papers, including the North American Re
view, the Forum, and the Popular Science
Monthly. She is the author of Woman in
Industry; and also a work entitled Nia
gara, a finely illustrated and popular
work. She first married Mr. Henry Rhine,
and is now the wife of Charles Sotheran,
the eminent journalist and bibliographer
of New York city.
SOTHERAN, CHARLES, journalist, au
thor, was born July 8, 1847, in Surrey,
England. In 1876 he began his first active
work on the Metropolitan Daily Press;
first on the New York World; then the
New York Sun, and subsequently became
associate editor and proprietor of the New
York Echo. He has been literary editor of
the New York Recorder and New York
Star; Export and Finance, Sunny side
Press, Nym Crinkle's Feuilleton, Advo
cate, Dramatic World, etc.: and the au
thor of Horace Greeley and Other Pio
neers of American Socialism; The Thea
ters of New York; Percy Bysshe Shelley
as a Philosopher and Reformer, and other
works.
SOUDER, CASPER, journalist, author,
was born Nov. 8, 1819, in Philadelphia, Pa.
In 1853 he became associated with the
Evening Bulletin of Philadelphia, of which
he was afterward an editor and part pro
prietor till his death. His History of
Chestnut Street, which was published se
rially, has been praised for trustworthi
ness and originality of treatment. He died
Oct. 21, 1868, in Philadelphia.
872
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SOULE, MRS. CAROLINE AUGUSTA
[WHITE], missionary, author, was born
Sept. 3. 1824, in Albany, N. Y. She is the
widow of a universalist minister; she en
tered the ministry herself, was the first
foreign missionary of that denomination,
and in 1888 was in charge of a congrega
tion in Glasgow, Scotland. She is the
author of House Life; The Pet of the
Settlement; and Wine or Water.
SOULE, GEORGE, educator, author,
president of Soule's college, was born May
14, 1834, in Barrington, N. Y. He received
his education at the
Sycamore academy,
Illinois, and the Med
ical, Law and Com
mercial schools of St.
Louis, Mo. In 1856
he established Soule's
Commercial College
and Literary insti
tute of New Orleans.
La., which has grown
to he one of the lead
ing educational In
stitutions in the
state. During the forty years the Soule
college has been in existence, over ten
thousand pupils have been taught within
its walls. In 1862 he entered the military
service of the confederate states as cap
tain of company A, Crescent regiment
Louisiana volunteers of New Orleans, and
served through the war. As a lecturer on
commercial sciences and sociology, Pro
fessor Soule is well known to every young
man in New Orleans, and to educators
north and south. He is the author of sev
eral works on practical mathematics and
accounting. He has been president of the
International Business College associa
tion and Business Educators' association
of America; and is prominent in, various
social, scientific and educational organiza
tions.
SOULE, HARRISON, soldier, financier,
was born Aug. 4, 1832, in Orleans county,
N. Y. He served with distinction through
the war, and was promoted major. For
sixteen years he has been ticket agent for
the Michigan Central railroad; and is the
treasurer of the university of Michigan.
SOULE, JOSHUA, bishop, was born Aug.
1, 1781, in Bristol, Maine. In 1824 he was
elected methodist episcopal bishop in New
York and then in Baltimore. He died
March 6, 1867. in Nashville, Tenn.
SOULE, NATHAN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1831 to 1833; and was a
member of the state assembly from Onon-
daga In 1837.
SOULE, PIERRE, journalist, lawyer,
United States senator, was born in Sep
tember, 1802, in France. He was a dis
tinguished lawyer of New Orleans, La.;
in 1845 was elected to the state senate; in
1847 was appointed a member of the
United States senate to fill a vacancy, and
two years later was elected for a full term.
He died March 26. 1870, in New Orleans,
La.
SOULE, RICHARD, lexicographer, au
thor, was born June 8, 1812, in Danbury,
Mass. He was a lexicographer of Boston;
and the author of Manual of English Pro
nunciation; Dictionary of English Syn
onyms; and Pronouncing Handbook. He
died Dec. 25, 1877, in St. Louis, Mo.
SOUTH, JERRY CURTIS, lawyer, state
senator, lieutenant-governor, was born
March 24, 1866, in Arkansas. He attended
the Kentucky Military institute, the uni
versity of Louisville, and the university
of Virginia. He has served three times
as a member of the house of representa
tives of Arkansas; has been a member of
the state senate, and served with distinc
tion as lieutenant-governor. In 1892 and
in 1896 he was a delegate to the national
democratic convention; and has filled va
rious other public positions of honor. He
is one of the foremost lawyers of Arkan
sas at Mountain Home. He is the author
of a genealogical work on the South fam
ily.
SOUTHARD, HENRY, soldier, agricul
turist, state legislator, congressman, was
bcrn in October, 1749, in Long Island, N.
Y. He took an active part in the revolu
tionary war; and after the adoption of
the constitution served nine years in the
state legislature. He was a representative
in congress from New Jersey from 1801 to
1811, and from 1815 to 1821. He died June
2, 1842, in Baskinridge, N. J.
SOUTHARD, ISAAC, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1831 to 1833. He died
Sept. 18, 1850.
SOUTHARD, JAMES HARDiNG, law
yer, congressman, was born Jan. 20, 1851,
in Lucas county, Ohio. In 1882 he was
appointed assistant
prosecuting .attorney
of Lucas county; and
afterward was twice
elected prosecuting
attorney of said
county and served in
that office six years.
He was elected to
the fifty-fourth, and
re-elected to the fif
ty-fifth congress as a
republican. He has
attained success as
one of the foremost lawyers of Ohio at
Toledo, where he is also prominent in
public affairs.
SOUTHARD, MILTON ISAIAH, lawyer,
congressman, was born Oct. 20, 1836, in
Licking county, Ohio. He was elected
attorney for Muskingum county, Ohio, in
1867, 1869, and 1871. He was elected a
representative from Ohio to the forty-third
congress, and was re-elected to the forty-
fourth and forty-fifth congresses as a dem
ocrat.
SOUTHARD, SAMUEL LEWIS, lawyer,
United States senator, governor, was born
June 9, 1787, in Baskinridge, N. J. In
1815 he was elected to the New Jersey
legislature, and in a week after taking his
seat was placed on the bench of the su
preme court of New Jersey. In 1820 he
was a presidential elector; and in 1821
was elected a senator in congress. In 1823
he was appointed secretary of the navy.
In 1830 he was elected attorney-general of
New Jersey; and in 1832 was governor of
the state. In 1833 he was again elected
to the United States senate, and served
until 1842; and on the death of President
Harrison became the president of the sen
ate. He died June 26, 1842, in Fredericks-
burg, Va.
SOUTHGATE, HORATIO, bishop, au
thor, was born July 5, 1812, in Portland
Maine. He was the first and only pro-
testant episcopal bishop of Constantinople.
He was consecrated in 1844, but resigned
his office in 1850, and held various rector
ships subsequently, including that of Zion
church. New York city, in 1859-72, in
which latter year he retired from active
duties. He was the author of The Cross
Above the Crescent; Parochial Sermons;
Narrative of a Tour Through Armenia,
etc.; The War in the East; and Practical
Directions for the Observance of Lent. He
died in 1894.
SOUTHGATE, WILLIAM W., congress
man, was born in Kentucky. He was a
representative in congress from Kentucky
from 1837 to 1839; and was a presidential
elector in 1840 and 1844.
SOUTHWICK, GEORGE N., journalist,
congressman, was born March 7, 1863, in
Albany, N. Y. He was made editor of
the Albany Evening Journal in 1889. He
was elected from New York to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a republican.
SOUTHWORTH, MRS. EMMA DORO
THY ELIZA [NEVITTE]. author, was
born Dee. 26, 1819, in Washington, D. C.
She is a voluminous writer of sensational
romances, mainly of southern life and
some sixty in number, for many years a
resident of Washington, but since 1876 of
Yonkers, N. Y. She is the author of Ish-
mael; The Widow's Son; Retribution;
and The Family Doom.
SOUTH-WORTH, MRS. GRACIA, poet,
was born Aug. 6, 1833, in Worcester coun
ty, Mass. She has contributed extensively
both prose and verse to the periodical
press of Michigan.
SOUTHWORTH, NATHANIEL, artist,
was born in 1806 in Scituate, Mass. He
took a high rank in Boston, where he es
tablished himself as a miniature-painter,
his portraits being characterized by accu
rate drawing and very delicate execution.
In 1848 he visited Europe, and after his re
turn practiced his profession in New York
and Philadelphia. He died April 25, 1858,
in Dorchester, Mass.
SOUTHWORTH, ROYAL A., farmer,
legislator, was born Sept. 29, 1845, in
Litchfield, Mich. For many years he was
a member of the general assembly of Colo-
redo; and for twelve years was a member
of the state board of agriculture. In 1888
he was a nominee of the union labor party
for congress.
SOUVIELLE, MRS. E. M., author, poet,
was born in central New York. She has
traveled extensively in Europe and is a
close student. Under
the nom de plume of
Eben Malcolm Sut-
cliffe she published
a work entitled Se
quel to the Parlia
ment of Religions.
She is a poet of rare
genius, and the au
thor of The Ulyssiad,
an American Epic.
Her last work is a
book upon Cuba,
* written originally in
for her purpose, and of
which she is the English editor and trans
lator. She is the wife of Dr. Mathieu
Souvielle, an eminent surgeon and scient
ist of Jacksonville, Fla.
SOUVIELLE, MATHIEU, physician,
surgeon, scientist, was born in 1851 in
Paris, France. He received his education
in Paris and Berlin.
For many years he
was a surgeon in the
French army, and he
was thanked by the
French government
for his services dur
ing the Prussian war.
He then became a
' demonstrator o f
anatomy in London,
England. He is now
vice-president of a
large syndicate for
the mining and manufacture of aluminum,
with headquarters at Jacksonville, Fla. He
speaks six languages; and is very greatly
interested in literary work, having con
tributed a number of articles to medical
and scientific journals.
Spanish
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
873
SOWDEN, W. H., congressman. In 1884
he was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-ninth congress;
and was re-elected to the fiftieth congress
as a democrat.
SOWER, CHRISTOPHER, physician,
printer, was born in 1693 in Germany. In
1738 he issued a German almanac in Ger-
n:antown, Pa., which was continued by his
descendants until 1798. In 1739 he began
the publication of a religious and secular
journal; and in 1743 published a quarto
edition of the Biljle in German. He died
Sept. 25, 175?, in Germantown, Pa.
SPAETH, ADOLPH, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 29, 1839, in Germany. He
is a prominent Lutheran clergyman of
Philadelphia, pastor of St. John's church
from 1867; and the author of Die Evan-
gelien des Kirchenjahrs; Brosamen von
des Herrn Tische; Saarkbrner; Luther in
Lied seiner Zeitgenossen; Phoebe the Dea
coness; Liederlust; Faith and Life Repre
sented by Luther; and Annotations on the
Gospel according to St. John.
SPAHR, CHARLES BARZILLAI, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1860 in Ohio.
He is a political economist, associate edi
tor of The Outlook from 1886 ; and the au
thor of The Distribution of American
Wealth.
SPAIGHT, RICHARD D., soldier, con
gressman, governor, was born March 25,
1758, in New Berne, N. C. In 1781 he
•entered the house of commons of North
•Carolina; from 1782 to 1874 was a member
•of the continental congress, and also dur
ing the years 1785 and 1786. He was one
of the delegates to form the constitution
of the United States, to which his name
is appended. He was a presidential elect
or in 1797; and in 1792 was again elected
to the local legislature. He was the same
•year elected governor of North Carolina;
and was a representative in congress from
1798 to 1801, after which he was elected
to the state seriate. He died Sept. 6, 1802,
in New Berne, N. C.
SPAIGHT, RICHARD DOBBS, JR., agri-
•culturist, state senator, congressman, gov
ernor, was born in 1796 in New Berne,
N. C. He served four years in the North
Carolina state legislature; and was a rep
resentative in congress from 1823 to 1825.
He subsequently served ten years in the
state senate. He was governor of North
Carolina in 1835 and 1836. He died in
November, 1850, in New Berne, N. C.
SPALDING, ALBERT GOODWILL,
merchant, was born Sept. 2, 1850, in By
ron, 111. He is the senior partner in the
house of A. G. Spald-
Qing and Brothers,
which corporation
has a paid-up capital
of three million dol
lars, with branch
I houses in New York,
Philadelphia, and
other cities; in all
fourteen different
branches. In 1895 he
was elected president
of the national board
of trade of cycle
manufacturers. He owns a subdivision
of nearly one thousand acres just south of
the city of Chicago. He is best known
as the American baseball magnate.
SPALDING, BENEDICT JOSEPH, cler
gyman, bishop, was born April 15, 1812, in
Marion county, Ky. In 1847 he was called
to the charge of the Cathedral church in
Louisville, and was appointed vicar-gen
eral of the diocese. He died Aug. 4, 1868,
an Louisville, Ky.
SPALDING, BURLEIGH FOLSOM, law
yer, legislator, was born Dec. 3, 1853, in
Craftsbury, Vt. He received his education
at the Lyndon Liter-
- ' ary institute. ;nnl the
Norwich university.
if In 1882-84 he was su-
f perintendent of pub-
-± r,^ \ lie instruction; and
in 1883-87 was a
member of the capi
tal commission of
Dakota territory to
select a location for
the capital and con
struct buildings. In
1889 he was a mem
ber of the constitutional convention of
North Dakota, and served on many im
portant committees. He was a member
of the joint commission of North and
South Dakota as provided for by congress
to divide property and archives of terri
tory of Dakota between the two new
states. He took an active part in the
formation and organization of the new
state; and has always been active in all
matters of public interest and pertaining
to public welfare. Since 1880 he has
practiced law in Fargo, N. D., and is one
of the foremost lawyers of the south. He
was elected to the fifty-sixth congress.
SPALDING, CATHERINE, first superior
of the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth, was
born Dec. 23, 1793, in Charles county, Md.
In 1819 she sent a colony of sisters to
Bardstown, who established the Bethle
hem Day school, and in 1820 St. Vincent
convent was founded in Union county.
She opened St. Catherine's school in Scott
county in 1823. It was afterward removed
to Lexington, where it still exists, and is
regarded as one of the community's most
flourishing establishments. The Academy
of the Presentation was opened in Louis
ville in 1831, of which Mother Spalding
took personal charge. She died March 20,
1858, in Louisville, Ky.
SPALDING, CHARLES WARREN, civil
engineer, genealogist, was born June 11,
1843, in Nashua, N. H. For eleven years
he was connected with the Chicago, Bur
lington and Quincy railroad as civil engi
neer, land agent and secretary of the land
department. He has been identified with
various business enterprises; and he or
ganized the firm of Spalding, Mitchell and
Company, wholesale coal dealers, of which
his son is now the senior member; and for
many years he was president of a large
banking institution. He was actively in
terested in the development of a large ir
rigation enterprise in Idaho, which com
pany has constructed and is now operat
ing one of the most complete and exten
sive systems of irrigating canals in the
United States. In 1897 he published the
Spalding Memorial.
SPALDING, EUGENE C., railroad pres
ident, was born Jan. 16, 1862. In 1889 he
was elected president of the International
Association of Accountants.
SPALDING, GEORGE, soldier, educa
tor, congressman, was born in 1837 in
Scotland. During the civil war he was
promoted to brevet brigadier-general. He
was postmaster of Monroe from 1866 to
1870; special agent of the treasury depart
ment from 1871 to 1875; and elected mayor
of Monroe, Mich., in 1876, and prpsident of
the board of education. In 1876 and in
1892 he was elected president. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth and re-elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
SPALDING, GEORGE BURLEY, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 11, 1835, in
Montpelier, Vt. Since 1885 he has been
pastor of the First Presbyterian church of
Syracuse, N. Y. He was a member of the
constitutional convention of New Hamp
shire in 1877; was a member of the state
legislature, and chaplain of that body in
1877. He is the author of a number of
works, and has contributed extensively to
periodical literature.
SPALDING, HARRIET MABEL, poet,
was born Jan. 10, 1862, in Gloversville, N.
Y. In 1877 she graduated from the Albany
Female academy, and won six gold medals
in various branches of composition. She
is the author of a volume of poems, and
contributes both prose and verse to cur
rent publications.
SPALDING, HENRY HARMON, clergy
man, missionary, was born Nov. 26, 1803,
in Bath, N. Y. He was a missionary to the
Indians for forty years in Oregon and Ida
ho. He crossed the Rocky mountains in
1836, the trail that Fremont followed six
years later. He died Aug. 3, 1874, in
Idaho.
SPALDING, JAMES A., physician, au
thor, was born Aug. 20, 1846, in Portland,
Maine. In 1870 he graduated from the
medical department of Harvard univer
sity, and has practiced medicine in Port
land ever since. He has made three voy
ages of study to Europe, and contributed
valuable papers to medical publications.
He is the author of a standard work en
titled The Sympathetic Diseases of the
Eye.
SPALDING, JAMES REED, journalist,
author, was born Nov. 15, 1821, in Mont
pelier, Vt. He established the New York
World in 1860. As a journalist his vigor
and elegance have never been excelled by
a writer on the city press. His published
addresses are Spiritual Philosophy and
Material Politics; and The True Idea of
Female Education. He died Oct. 10, 1872,
in Dover, N. H.
SPALDING, JAMES WALTER, was
born July 28, 1856, in Byron, 111. In 1876
he established the well-known mercantile
house of A. G. Spalding and Brothers of
Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia,
manufacturers and dealers in sporting
goods.
SPALDING, JESSE, lumber merchant,
was born April 15, 1833, in Athens, Pa.
His purchase of timber lands in Wisconsin
and Michigan to supply his mills have ag
gregated three hundred thousand acres;
and he is considered one of the greatest
lumber merchants in America. He built
and equipped the barracks of Camp Doug
las during the war; was a personal friend
of Grant and gave counsel in many grave
exigencies; and he presided at the un
veiling of the Grant monument at Lincoln
park, Chicago. He is a director in many
large corporations of Chicago; was three
years in the city council; and in 1881 was
appointed collector of the port of Chicago.
SPALDING, JOHN FRANKLIN, clergy
man, bishop, author, was born Aug. 25,
1828, in Belgrade, Maine. In 1858 he was
ordained priest, and
in 1873 was conse
crated bishop of Col
orado. He is presi
dent of the college of
St. John the Evange
list, which embraces
the Denver Theologi
cal school. Wolfe
Hall School for Girls,
and Jarvis Hall
School for Boys. He
is the author of The
Church and its Apos
tolic Ministry; Jesus Christ the Proof of
Christianity; Manual of Prayers; The
Threefold Ministry; and other works.
874
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SPALDING, JOHN LANCASTER, bish
op, author, poet, was born June 2, 1840, in
Lebanon, Ky. He received his education
in the Mt. St. Mary's
college and the uni
versity of Louvain,
Belgium. In 18b3 he
was ordained and at
tached to the cathe
dral in Louisville as
assistant. In 1869 he
organized a congre
gation of colored
People and built for
their use the church
of St. Augustine, of
which he was ap
pointed pastor. He was soon after made
chancellor of the diocese and secretary to
the bishop. In 1873 he commenced mis
sionary work in the parish of St. Mich
ael's in New York city, and became noted
as an eloquent preacher and lecturer.
When the diocese of Peoria was created
in 1887 he was consecrated bishop, and his
administration has been marked by energy
and signal success. He is the author of
Life of Archbishop Spalding; Essays and
Reviews; Religious Mission of the Irish
People; and Lectures and Discourses. He
is also a poet of rare genius; and the au
thor of America, and Other Poems; The
•Poet's Praise; Education and the Higher
Life; Means and Ends of Education;
Things of the Mind; and Songs, chiefly
from the German.
SPALDING, LYMAN, physician, author,
was born June 5, 1775, in Cornish, N. H.
He was a physician at Portsmouth, N. H.,
subsequently of New York city; and was
one of the early advocates of vaccination.
He was the author of Reflections on Fe
ver; and Reflections on Yellow Fever Pe
riods. He died Oct. 31, 1821, in Ports
mouth, N. H.
SPALDING. MARTIN JOHN, bishop,
author, was born May' 23, 1810, in Leba
non, Ky. He was a Roman catholic arch-
. , bishop of Baltimore
during 1864-72, and
active as a contro
versialist. He was
the author of Review
of D'Aubigne's His
tory of the Reforma
tion; Modern Civili
zation; Evidences of
Catholicity; Life of
Bishop Flaget; Early
Catholic Missions in
Kentucky; and Mis
cellanea. His nephew,
John Lancaster Spalding, wrote The Life
of Martin John Spalding. He died in 1872
in Baltimore, Md.
SPALDING. RUFUS PAINE, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born May 3,
1797, in West Tisbury, Mass. In 1839 he
was elected to the Ohio legislature; was
re-elected in 1841, and was speaker of the
house. In 1849 he was elected a judge of
the supreme court. In 1862 he was elected
a representative from Ohio to the thirty-
eighth congress; and was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth and fortieth congresses as a
republican. He died Aug. 27, 1886, in
Cleveland, Ohio.
SPALDING, SrMON, soldier, was born
Jan. 16, 1742, in Plainfleld, Conn. He was
a soldier in the revolutionary army, be
coming a lieutenant in 1776, and being
promoted to captain in 1778. In 1783 he
moved to Shesequin, Bradford county,
Pa., the upper part ot the Wyoming set
tlement, where he rose through the vari
ous gradea to general of militia. He died
Jan. 24, 1814.
SPALDING, MRS. SUSAN MARR. poet,
was born in 18 — , in Maine. She is a poet
of Philadelphia; and the author of The
Wings of Icarus, and Other Poems.
SPALDING, THOMAS, congressman.
He was a representathe in congress from
Georgia from 1805 to 1806.
SPALDING, VOLNEY MORGAN, educa
tor, author, was born Jan. 29, 1849, in
East Bloomfield, N. Y. In 1873 he graduat
ed from the unixersity of Michigan, in
which institution he fills the chair of bot
any. He is the author of An Introduction
to Botany, and various papers on Plant
Physiology, Forestry, and kindred sub
jects.
SPALDING, ZEPHANIAH SWIFT, sol
dier, sugar manufacturer, was born Sept.
2, 1837, at Warren, Ohio. He is the sec
ond son of the late Hon. Rufus Paine
Spaiding, a learned judge of the supreme
court of Ohio. He served as a union sol
dier during the civil war, and was pro
moted to lieutenant-colonel. He has held
various government positions and received
from the French government the order of
the Legion d'Honneur. He has large sugar
interests in the Hawaiian Islands: and In
1896 was granted by the United States
go\ernment a subsidy toward building
;iiul maintaining a cable from the Ha
waiian Islands to the United States.
SPANGLER, DAVID, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Ohio from 1833 to 1837; and in 1844 was
nominated by the whig party for govern
or of the state, but declined the nomina
tion.. He died Oct. 18. 1856, in Coshocton,
Ohio.
SPANGLER, HENRY T., educator, col
lege president, was born Nov. 14, 1853, in
Myerstown, Pa. In 1873 he graduated
from the Ursinus college, of which insti
tution he became professor of psychol
ogy in 1891, and president since 1893.
SPANGLER, JACOB, congressman, was
1 orn in 1768. He was a representative in
congress from Pennsylvania in 1813; and
was again a representative in congress
from 1816 to 1818. He was subsequently
surveyor-general of the state. He died
June 17, 1843, in York, Pa.
SPARHAWK, FRANCES CAMPBELL,
author, philanthropist, was born in 1847 in
Maine. She is a novelist and philanthro
pist of Newton, Mass.; and has written
much in behalf of the Indian cause. She
is the author of A Chronicle of Conquest,
;i romance of the Indian school at Car
lisle; Little Polly Blatchley; Miss West's
Class in Geography; Elizabeth, a colonial
romance; The Query Club; A Lazy Man's
Work; Onoqua, an Indian Story; and Sen
ator Intrigue and Inspector Nosely.
SPARKMAN, STEPHEN MEi.rt.NC-
THON, lawyer, legislator, was born July
29, 1849, in Hernando county, Fla. He was
educated in the common schools of Flori
da, and taught school for about three
years for the purpose of assisting in his
education. He read law under H. L.
Mitchell, now governor of Florida, and
was admitted to practice' in 1872; and has
since practiced in the courts of the state
and the United States. He was state at
torney for the sixth judicial circuit for
nine years, from 1878 to 1887; was a
member of the state and congressional
committees from 1890 to 1892, when he
was elected chairman, which posu.on he
now holds. He was tendered the circuit
juclgeship for the sixth judicial circuit of
Florida by Governor Perry in 1888, and
the position of associate judge on the su
preme court bench in 1891 by Governor
Fleming, both of which were declined. He
was elected to the fifty-fourth and re-
elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
SPARKS, ANDREW J., educator, au
thor, poet, was born Sept. 10, 1848, in La-
layette county. Mo. In 1887 he was ad
mitted to the bar; and is the editor and
owner of the American School News of
Higginsville, Mo.
SPARKS, JARED, clergyman, educator,,
author, was born May 10, 1789, in Wil-
lington, Conn. He was a Unitarian cler
gyman, pastor at Baltimore in 1819-23,
professor of history at Harvard university
in 1839-49, and president of Harvard uni
versity in 1849-53. He is best known by
the American Biography which he edited,
and of which he was in part the author.
It includes sixty lues, of which he wrote
those of Ethan Allen; Benedict Arnold;
Marquette; La Salle; Pulaski; Ribault;
Charles Lee; Ledyard. He was also au
thor of a Life of Gouverneur Morris. He
published editions of the works of Frank
lin and Washington, with notes and life
of each; and also Correspondence of the
American Revolution. He died March 14,
1866, in Cambridge, Mass.
SPARKS, WILLIAM A. J., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Nov. 19,
U.28, near Albany, N. Y. He was a mem
ber of the Illinpis state legislature in 1857
and 1858; and was a state senator in 1863
and 1864. He was a delegate to the na
tional democratic convention at New York
in 1868. He was elected a representative-
from Illinois to the forty-fourth congress;
and was re-elected to the forty-fifth, forty-
sixth and forty-seventh congresses as a
democrat.
SPARKS, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
poet, was born Jan. 16, 1800, on St. Si
mon's Island, Ga. He was a Mississippi
planter; after 1850 a lawyer of New Or
leans; and published Memories of Fifty
Years. He was also a popular poet, his.
best known poems being Somebody's Dar
ling; and The Dying Year. He died Jan.
13, 1882, in Marietta, Ga.
SPAULDING, CHESTER WARD, far
mer, state legislator, was born May 14,
1859, in Panton, Vt. In 1896 he repre
sented his native city in the Vermont
state legislature.
SPAULDING. EDWARD, inventor, waa
born Sept. 3, 1824, in Milford, N. H. He
has taken out about ten patents, the most
notable of which is a magnetic and elec
tric ear telephone for enabling the deaf to-
hear. Among his other inventions is a
process for keeping cider sweet in any cli
mate.
SPAULDING, ELBRIDGE GERRY,
financier, legislator, author, was born Feb.
24, 1809, in Summer Hill, N. Y. In 1834 he
moved to Buffalo, N.
Y., and was mayor
of that city in 1847.
In 1848 he was elect
ed a member of the
New York legisla
ture; and the follow
ing year was made a
member of congress,
and served that body
six years. For four
years he was on the
committee of ways
and means; and was
the author of the legal tender act. In 1853
he was elected treasurer of the state of
New York. In 1852 he engaged in bank
ing; and in 1864 organized the Farmers*
and Mechanics' National bank of Buffalo,
of which he was president until his death.
He took a great interest in genealogical
history pertaining to the Spalding family,
and erected a monument in Buffalo, N. Y.,
in honor of the nine Spaldings who fought
in the battle of Bunker Hill. He died in
1897 in Buffalo, N. Y.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
875
SPAULDING, ERASTUS, physician,
state legislator, was born July 1, 1818, in
Tompkins county, N. Y. In 1845 he moved
to Michigan; for a quarter of a century
practiced medicine in Oakland county;
and in 1867 was a representative in the
state legislature. Since 1879 he has prac
ticed his profession in Grand Rapids.
SPAULDING, HENRY FOSTER, mer
chant, was born April 26, 1816, in Bran
don, Vt. He was engaged in the commis
sion business under the style of Spaulding,
Swift and Company; and for eight years
was president of the Central Trust com
pany. He died July 17, 1893, in Riverdale-
on-the-Hudson, N. Y.
SPAULDING, HENRY GEORGE, cler
gyman, author, poet, was born in 1837 in
Massachusetts. He is a Unitarian clergy
man of Massachusetts, among whose writ
ings are, The Teachings of Jesus; Later
Heroes of Israel; and Forty Hymns and
their Authors.
SPAULDING, JUSTIN, missionary, was
born in 1802 in Moretown, Vt. After fill
ing a number of appointments, he was se
lected in 1836 as missionary to Brazil,
where he labored as superintendent of
the mission until 1841, when on his re
turn he was transferred to the New Hamp
shire conference. He died in 1865 in
Moretown, Vt.
SPAULDING, LEVI, missionary, was
born Aug. 22, 1791, in Jaffrey, N. H. He
was ordained at Salem, Mass. In 1820 he
arrived as a missionary of the American
board at Jaffna, Ceylon; and at the time
of his death he was the oldest missionary
of the American board. He died June 18,
1873, in Ceylon.
SPAULDING, NATHAN WESTON,
manufacturer, inventor, philanthropist,
was born Sept. 24, 1829, in North Anson.
Maine. He went to California in 1851, and
ten years later established a saw manu
factory in San Francisco, in which busi
ness he is still engaged. He has taken
out several United States patents on saws,
saw-teeth and machines, which have com
pletely revolutionized the circular saw
business. In 1871 he was elected mayor
of Oakland, received the re-election with
out opposition, declined the nomination
for a third term, and donated the salary
of his office to the Oakland Benevolent so
ciety. He served four years as United
States assistant treasurer of San Fran
cisco; was one of the founders of the Me
chanics' institute of San Francisco; and
was selected by the late Hon. Leland
Stanford as one of the trustees of the Le
land Stanford, Jr., university. He stands
high in Masonic circles; and is a leader
in various philanthropic movements.
SPAULDING, OLIVER LYMAN, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Aug. 2,
1833, in Jaffrey, N. H. In 1862 he entered
the United States
service as captain in
the twenty-third reg
iment Michigan in
fantry, and was rap
idly promoted to
jrevet brigadier-gen
eral. During 1866-72
he was secretary of
state of Michigan;
and in 1880 was
elected a member of
congress. During
1889-93 he was as
sistant secretary of the treasury: and in
1896 was a delegate from Michigan to tne
national republican convention at St.
Louis. In 1897 he was again appointed
assistant secretary of the treasury at
Washington, D. C.
SPAULDING, SOLOMON, lawyer, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 20, 1/61, in
Ashford, Conn. He was a graduate of
Dartmouth college, and wrote a remark
able story of fiction, entitled Manuscript
Found, which is now generally regarded
as the basis of the Mormon Bible. He
died Sept. 10, 1816, in Amity, Pa.
SPAULDING, WESLEY J., clergyman,
educator, college president, was born
April 18, 1827, in Newark, N. Y. He grad
uated from the Indiana Asbury university,
and received from that institution the de
gree of Ph. D. In 1855 he became •profes
sor of Greek in the Iowa Wesleyan univer
sity of Mount Pleasant, Iowa; and in
1876 became president of that institution.
He has been pastor in the methodist epis
copal church, and contributes extensively
to current literature.
SPEAR, CHARLES, clergyman, author,
was born May 1, 1801, in Boston, Mass.
He was a universalist minister of Boston
active in prison reform; and the author of
Names and Titles of Christ; Essays on the
Punishment of Death; Plea for Discharged
Convicts; and Voices from Prison. He
died April 18, 1863, in Washington, D. C.
SPEAR, DAVID DANA, physician, sur
geon, poet, was born May 26, 1839, in Yar
mouth, Maine. In 1864 he commenced the
practice of medicine and surgery in Ken-
nebunk, Maine; and is now located at
Freeport. He has contributed a number of
poems to Christian publications.
SPEAR, ELLIS, lawyer, commissioner
of patents, was born Oct. 15, 1834, in War
ren, Maine. He was a citizen of Maine;
f^nd was commissioner of patents in the
department of the interior from 1877 to
1878. He settled in Washington city in
the practice of law.
SPEAR, SAMUEL P., soldier, was born
in 1815 in Boston, Mass. He commanded
•se^eral expeditions during the civil war;
and in 1865 was brevetted brigadier-gen
eral. He died May 5, 1875, in New York
city.
SPEAR, SAMUEL THAYER, journalist,
clergyman, author, was born March 4,
1812, in Ballston Spa, N. Y. He was a
Presbyterian clergyman of Brooklyn, ed
itor of The New York Independent from
1871; and the author of Family Power;
Religion and the State; Constitutionality
of the Legal Tender Act; The Law of the
Federal Judiciary; The Law of Extradi
tion; and The Bible Heaven. He died in
1891.
SPEARS, JOHN RANDOLPH, journal
ist, author, was born in 1850 in Ohio. He
is a journalist of New York city; and the
author of The Gold Diggings of Cape
Horn; and The Port of Missing Ships,
and Other Stories of the Sea.
SPEARS, WILLIAM T., physician, sur
geon, poet, was born Sept. 10, 1854, in
Morgan county, Ga. For several years he
was engaged in edu-
.• in ii'llil! cational work; then
took up the study of
medicine, and is now
one of the leading
•T-. . . physicians and sur-
I geons of the south at
Rutledge, Ga. He is
the author of a vol
ume of poems en
titled Sentiments of
Leisure Hours, which
contains a number
of poems of acknowl
edged merit; and his poems have been
given a place in several standard collec
tions.
SPEECE, CONRAD, clergyman, author,,
poet, was born Nov. 7, 1776, in New Lon
don, Va. He was a noted baptist clergy
man of Virginia; and the author of The
Mountaineer; and a number of meritori
ous poems. He died Feb. 15, 1836, in
Stauntcn, Va.
SPEED, FREDERICK, soldier, jurist.
was born Sept. 22, 1841. in Ithaca, N. Y.
He served as a private soldier during the
war, and became lieutenant. In 1865 he
settled in Vicksl.urg, Miss., and during
18G9-70 was judge of the criminal court of
Wai ren county.
SPEED, JAMES, lawyer, educator, state
senator, was born March 11, 1812, in Far-
mington, Ky. He settled in the practice
of law at Louisville, Ky., in 1853; in 1847
•was elected to the state legislature; and
in 1861 was elected to the state senate. In
1864 he was appointed attorney general of
the United States. In 1872 he became a
professor in the Louisville Law school.
He died June 25, 1887, in Jefferson countyr
Ky.
SPEED, JOHN, soldier, jurist, was born
May 17, 1772, in Virginia. He served with
the volunteer forces in the service of the
United States against the Indians in 1791;
and was a judge of the quarter sessions
court. In 1828 he wrote a series of ar
ticles upon the political topics of the day.
He died March 30, 1840, in Farmington,
Ky.
SPEED, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, was
bcrn in 1842 in Louisville, Ky. He served
in the union army during the civil war
in the ninth Kentucky cavalry, and was
promoted assistant adjutant-general. In
1865 he was made paymaster with the
rank of major. He is now one of the most
successful practitioners at the Louisville
bar.
SPEED, JOHN GILMER, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1852 in Kentucky. He
is a journalist of New York city; and the
author of Life of Keats.
SPEED, JOHN JAMES, soldier, inven
tor, was born in 1803 in Mecklenburg
county, Va. He was an efficient co-worker
of Prof. Morse in introducing and perfect
ing magnetic telegraph apparatus, and
was president of the Western Telegraph
company in Detroit, and at Portland,
Maine, established the independent line to
Washington. He died in 1867 in Brooklyn,
N. Y.
SPEED, JOHN JAMES, physician, edu
cator, was born Oct. 31. 1816, in Bards-
town, Ky. In 1850 he moved to Louis
ville, Ky. In 1861 he was made postmas
ter, which position he filled for eight
years. In 1874 he was elected president
of the College of Physicians and Surgeons,
and was also professor in the Hospital
College of Medicine.
SPEED, JOHN JAMES, lawyer, legisla
tor, jurist, was born Jan. 14, 1839, in
Ithaca, N. Y. During 1873-74 he was a
representative in the Michigan state leg
islature from Detroit. In 1881 he became
judge of the third circuit court, and
is now counselor of the city of Detroit.
SPEED, JOHN K., merchant, manufac
turer, was born March 21, 1848, in Louis-
•Ulle, Ky. He helped to organize the
board of trade of Memphis, and was its
first president. He was also one of the
originators of the Merchants' exchange,
and was its first president.
SPEED, PHILIP, soldier, was born
April 12, 1819, in Farmington, Ky. In the
latter part of the war period he was ap
pointed collector of internal revenue. He
was a model officer, giving entire satis
faction to the government. He died Nov.
1, 1882.
876
HERR1NGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SPEED, THOMAS, soldier, legislator,
congressman, was born Oct. 25, 1768, in
Virginia. He moved to Kentucky in 1782,
and participated in the war of 1812. In
1817 he was elected to congress, and in
1821, 1822 and 1840 he was a member of
the Kentucky legislature. He died Feb.
20, 1842, at his home, near Bardstown, Ky.
SPEED, THOMAS, soldier, lawyer,
genealogist, historian, was born Nov. 26,
1841, in Bardstown, Ky. He attended Cen
tre and Hanover colleges. In 1862 he
joined the union army as a private; was
made first lieutenant and then adjutant of
the regiment, twelfth Kentucky veteran
infantry; and also served on brigade staff.
He was in the siege of Knoxville, Bean's
Station, the various battles of the Atlan
ta campaign, Columbia, Franklin, Nash
ville, an,d the taking of Fort Anderson,
and Wilmington, N. C. After the war he
studied law at the Michigan university,
and has ever since practiced his profes
sion in Louisville, Ky. He is the author
of The Wilderness Road; The Political
Club; History of the Union Regiments of
Kentucky; The Speed Family; and other
works.
SPEER, ALFRED, merchant, was born
Nov. 2, 1823, near Belleville, N. J. He
is president of the Speer New Jersey
Wine company of Passaic, N. J. He was
the first mayor of his village; and was an
enrolling officer during the civil war. He
was also the editor and owner of the first
newspaper published in Passaic in 1870;
and is the editor and owner of the Weekly
Item of that city, which he has published
for over a quarter of a century. He has
been a director of the People's bank since
Its existence; and still takes a promi
nent part in the public affairs of his city,
county and state.
SPEER, DAVID R., lawyer, politician,
was born June 26, 1849, in Greenville, S.
C. In 1872 he was admitted to the bar,
which profession he still practices in the
place of his nativity. He has written ex
tensively for the periodical press; and
takes an active part in public affairs.
SPEER, EMORY, soldier, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Sept. 3, 1848, in
Culloden, Ga. In 1873 he was appointed
solicitor-general for the western judicial
circuit Of Georgia, and held the office
three years. He was elected a represen
tative from Georgia to the' forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses; and in 1885 was
appointed United States district judge for
the southern district of Georgia.
SPEER, JOHN, journalist, state senator
was born Dec. 27, 1817, in Kittanning, Pa.
In 1863 until 1871 he conducted the Kan
sas City Tribune; in 1864 was a member
of the state senate; and from 1862-66 was
United States collector of Kansas.
SPEER. OCIE, lawyer, author, was born
April 1. 1869, in Tarrant county, Texas. He
was admitted to the bar in 1889; and
practices in Bowie, Texas; .was elected
county attorney in 1890; and is the author
of a treatise entitled The Law of Married
Women.
SPEER, ROBERT MILTON, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 8, 1838, in
Cassville, Pa. He was elected a represen
tative from Pennsylvania to the forty-sec
ond and forty-third congresses as a demo
crat.
SPEER, WILLIAM, missionary, author,
was born April 24, 1822, in New Alexan
dria. Pa. He is a presbyterian missionary
in China; and the author of China and
the United States; The Great Revival of
1800; and God's Rule for Christian Giving.
SPEIGHT, JESSE, state legislator, con
gressman, United States senator, was
born Sept. 22, 1795, in Greene county, N. C.
In 1822 he was a member of the house of
commons of North Carolina; and in 1823
was a member of the state senate, where
he continued until 1827, officiating sev
eral years as speaker. He was a repre
sentative in congress from North Caro
lina from 1829 to 1837. He moved to Mis
sissippi; and was elected to the legisla
ture there, and made speaker. From 1845
to 1847 he was a senator in congress from
his adopted state. He died May 1, 1847,
in Columbus, Miss.
SPELLMEYER, HENRY, clergyman,
was born Nov. 25, 1847, in Newark, N. J.
He received his education in the New
York university and the Union Theolog
ical seminary, and since 1869 has been a
clergyman of the methodist episcopal
church. In 1896 he was a member of the
general conference. He has been a trus
tee of the Drew Theological seminary of
Madison, N. J.; a trustee of the Syracuse
university, and of the Hackettstown Col
legiate institute. In 1896 he was elected
a member of the book committee of the
methodist episcopal church for four years.
SPENCE, JOHN FLETCHER, educator,
college president, was born Feb. 3, 1828, in
Greenfield, Ohio. In 1853 he graduated
from the Ohio Wes-
leyan university, and
the same year joined
the Cincinnati con
ference of the meth
odist episcopal
church. In 1862 he
entered the union
army as chaplain,
and served till the
close of the war,
when he settled In
Knoxville, Tenn. For
three years he was
president of the Knoxville Female col
lege; and since 1875 has been chancellor
of the Grant university. When Doctor
Spence took charge of the university, the
property was in imminent danger of be
ing sold for debt. He has secured a lib
eral endowment and a largely increased
patronage; in 1889 brought about the an
nexation of Chattanooga university; and
the institution is now one of the most
prosperous universities in the south.
SPENCE, JOHN SELBY, congressman,
United States senator, was born Feb. 29,
1788, near Snow Hill, Md. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Maryland
from 1823 to 1825, and from 1831 to 1833;
and was United States senator from 1837
to 1840. He died Oct. 29, 1840, near Ber
lin, Md.
SPENCE, THOMAS ADAM, lawyer,
congressman, was born Feb. 20, 1810, in
Accomac county, Va. He was a presiden
tial elector in 1840; and was elected a
representative in congress from Maryland
from 1843 to 1845. He died Nov. 10, 1877,
in Washington, D. C.
SPENCE, WILLIAM WALLACE, finan
cier, philanthropist, was born in 1815 in
Scotland. He has been a finance commis
sioner of the city of Baltimore, N. Y. In
1890 he presented the city of Baltimore
a $50,000 statue of Sir William Wallace,
from whom he descends, and the monu
ment was placed on a site in Druid Hill
park.
SPENCER, AMBROSE, lawyer, jurist,
state senator, was born Dec. 13, 1765, in
Salisbury, Conn. He settled in Hudson,
N. Y.; and was elected to the assembly
in 1793; and in 1795 to the state senate,
serving until 1798, when he was re-elected
for four years. In 1804 he became a jus
tice of the supreme court of New York.
He died March 13, 1848, in Lyons, N. Y.
SPENCER, MRS. BELLA ZILFA, au
thor, was born March 1, 1843, in England.
She was the author of Ora, the Lost Wife;
Tried and True; and Surface and Depth.
She died Aug. 1, 1867, in Tuscaloosa, Ala.
SPENCER, MRS. CORNELIA [PHIL
LIPS], author, was born March 20, 1825, in
Harlem, N. Y. She is a North Carolina
writer who published The Last Ninety
Days of the War in North Carolina; and
History of North Carolina.
SPENCER, FRANCIS ELIAS, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born April 25,
1834, in Ticonderoga, N. Y. In 1861 lie
was elected district attorney of Santa
Clara county, Cal., which office he filled
until 1866. In 1871 he was elected to the
lower branch of the legislature as a re
publican. In 1879 he was elevated to the
bench of the superior court of Santa Clara
county.
SPENCER, GEORGE ELIPHAZ, sol
dier, lawyer, United States senator, was
born Nov. 1, 1836, in Jefferson county, N.
Y. He was secretary of the Iowa senate
in 1858. He entered the army as a cap
tain in 1862; and was brevetted a briga
dier-general for gallantry in the field. He
settled in Alabama; and in 1867 was ap
pointed a register in bankruptcy for the
fourth district of Alabama. In 1868 he
was elected a senator in congress from
that state for the term ending in 1873;
and was re-elected for the term ending in
1879.
SPENCER, HIRAM LADD, journalist,
author, was born in 1829 in Castleton, Vt.
He is the author of Summer Saunterings
Away Down East; and a volume of po
ems.
SPENCER, ICHABOD SMITH, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 23, 1798, in
Rupert, Vt. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman prominent in Brooklyn for many
years; and the author of A Pastor's
Sketches; Sermons; Sacramental Dis
courses; and Evidences of Divine Revela
tion. He died Nov. 23, 1854, in Brook
lyn, N. Y.
SPENCER, JAMES BRADLEY, soldier,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, was
born April 26, 1781, in Salisbury, Conn.
He served as a captain in the war of 1812.
He was in the legislature of New York in
1831 and 1832; -and was a representative
in congress from that state from 1837 to
1839. He subsequently held the various
positions of elector, magistrate, county
judge, collector and Indian agent. He
died March 26 1848, in Fort Covington,
N. Y.
SPENCER, JAMES CLARK, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 29, 1826, in Fort
Covington, N. Y. He received his educa-
tion in the Fort Cov
ington academy; and
commenced the prac
tice of law in 1850
in his native county.
Four years later he
moved to Ogdens-
burg; in 1857 he was
appointed United
States district attor
ney for the northern
district of New
York; and after the
expiration of his
term moved to New York city, where he
has since practiced his profession with
success. He served with distinction as
judge of the superior court of New York;
in 1875 he was appointed a referee in the
case of the receiver of the Erie Railway
company; and in 1883 he was one of the
commissioners for building a new aque
duct for the city of New York.
X
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
877
SPENCER, JAMES GRAFTON, farmer,
legislator, congressman, was born Sept. 13,
1844, near Port Gibson, Miss. He entered
Oakland college in 1861 and after passing
the freshman class entered the confeder
ate army as private in Cowan's battery of
light artillery, serving until the close of
the war in the army of Mississippi and
Tennessee. He returned to his ancestral
home and began farming, which he has
followed since, living in the house in
which he was born. In 1892 he was sent
as representative to the state legislature,
serving two sessions; and was elected to
the fifty-fourth congress as a democrat.
SPENCER, JAMES R., lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 10, 1844, in Courdand
county, N. Y. He was educated in the
schools of Binghamton, N. Y.; and was
admitted to the bar in 1872. He is a suc
cessful lawyer of Waukesha, Wis.; has
been justice of the peace for the past six
teen years; and has taken an active part
in the public affairs of his city, county
and state.
SPENCER, JESSE AMES, clergyman,
educator, author, was born June 17, 1816,
in Hyde Park, N. Y. He is an episcopal
clergyman and educator, professor in the
College of the City of New York in 1869-
83, and editor of many valuable classical
text-books. His other works include, His
tory of the English Reformation; History
of the United States, a very popular work;
Sermons; Discourses; The East: Sketches
of Travel in Egypt and the Holy Land;
Greek Praxis; Five Last Things; Stuuies
in Eschatology; Papalism vs. Catholic
Truth; and Memorabilia of Sixty-Five
Years, 1820-86.
SPENCER, JOHN CANFIELD, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born Jan. 8, 1787,
in New York. In 1816 he was elected to
congress from Canandaigua; in 1820 was
elected to the state assembly; and in 1824
was elected to the state senate for four
years. In 1832 he was again elected to
the state assembly; and in 1839 was ap
pointed secretary of state. In 1841 he
was made secretary of war. He was a
successful lawyer, and achieved his high
est fame from his connection with the re
vision of the statutes of New York. He'
died May 18, 1855, in Albany, N. Y.
SPENCER, JOSEPH, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born in 1714 in
East Haddam, Conn. He was elected a
member of the council in 1766; was ap
pointed brigadier-general in the continen
tal army in 1775; became major-general
in 1776; was in the expedition against
Rhode Island in 1778; and assisted in Sul
livan's retreat. He was a delegate to the
continental congress in 1778 and 1779; and
in 1780 was again elected to the council,
and was annually re-elected until his
death. He died Jan. 13, 1789, in East
Haddam, Conn.
SPENCER, MORTON W., clergyman,
author, was born Feb. 21, 1836, in Gil
bert's Mills, N. Y. This eminent minister
of the free baptist church is the author of
The Missing Link, which is a history of
cur Saxon race, containing one thousand
historical and prophetic proofs of our He
brew and Saxon ancestry.
SPENCER, PLATT ROGERS, the
originator of the Spencerian method of
penmanship, was born Nov. 7, 1800, in
East Fishkill, N. Y. He had given pen
manship much attention from early youth,
and was led to perfect his semi-angular
system by seeing the necessity of a more
. rapid execution than the old round Ro
man method, and a more legible hand
than the angular or German system. He
died May 16, 1864, in Geneva, Ohio.
SPENCER, ROSWELL T.. journalist,
legislator, was born Aug. 7, 1850, in Bluff-
c'ale, 111. He is the editor and owner of
the Illinois State Center of Illiopolis; has
been the vice president of the Illinois
State Press association, and is a promi
nent member of the Masonic lodge.
SPENCER, SAMUEL, railroad presi
dent, was born March 2, 1847, in Colum
bus, Ga. He is president of the Ala
bama Great Southern railroad; and of the
Elgin, Joliet and Eastern railway; and is
also president of numerous other corpo
rations in New York city.
SPENCER, MRS. SARA [ANDREWS],
author, was born Oct. 21, 1837, in Savona,
N. Y. She is a prominent woman suff
ragist of Washington; and proprietor of
the Spencerian Business college. She is
the author of Problems on the Woman
Question; and Lessons in the English
Language.
SPENCER, SELDEN P., legislator, jur
ist, was born Sept. 16, 1862, in Erie, Pa.
In 1895 he served as a member of the Mis
souri state legislature from St. Louis;
and in 1897 became judge of the circuit
court of St. Louis for a term of six years.
SPENCER, THOMAS, physician, educa
tor, author, was born in 1793 in Great
Harrington, Mass. He was a physician
who was medical professor at Hobart col
lege in 1835-57; and was the author of
Lectures on Vital Chemistry; and Practi
cal Observations on Epidemic Diarrhoea
known as Cholera. He died May 30, 1857,
in Philadelphia, Pa.
SPENCER, WILLIAM B., congressman.
He was elected a representative from Lou
isiana to the forty-fourth congress.
SPENCER, MRS. WILLIAM LORING
[NUNEZ], was born in 18—, in St. Au
gustine, Fla. She is the author of Salt
Lake Fruit; The Story of Mary, repub-
lished as Dennis Day; A Plucky One; and
Calamity Jane.
SPERRY, LEWIS, lawyer, congressman,
was born Jan. 23, 1848, in South Windsor,
Conn. In 1869 he graduated from the
Monson academy;
, — - ™ and from the Am-
herst college in 1873.
In 1875 he was ad
mitted to the bar,
and practices law in
Hartford. In 1876 he
represented his na
tive town in the
Connecticut state
legislature; and was
coroner for Hartford
county during 1883-
91. He was elected
to the fifty-second and fifty-third con
gresses as a democrat, and served during
1891-95. In 1896 he was a delegate to the
Indianapolis sound money convention.
SPERRY, NEHEMIAH D., was born
July 10, 1827, in Woodbridge, Conn. He
was elected a member of the common
council in 1853; in
1854 was elected an
alderman of the city;
and was elected se
lectman of the town
of New Haven in
1853. He was elected
secretary of state in
1855; and was re-
elected in 1856. He
was nominated post
master in 1861 and
continued in office
until the first elec
tion of Grover Cleveland. He was nomi
nated for postmaster and served until the
re-election of President Cleveland, mak
ing in all twenty-eight years and two
months. He was appointed a member of
the commission to visit England, Ger •
many, and France to look into their sys
tem of postofflces, but declined service.
He was president of the chamber of com
merce of New Haven; was bandsman for
building the Monitor; and was elected
to the fifty-fourth congress and re-elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
SPICER, WILLIAM FRANCIS, naval
officer, poet, was born Feb. 7, 1820, in
New York city. He was made commodore
in 1877, and was commandant of the Bos
ton navy-yard until his death. He was
well known as a poet and musician, and
was the author of several popular ballads,
among which are Absent Friends and You,
Mary.
SPIEKER, GEORGE FREDERICK,
clergyman, educator, author, was born
Nov. 17, 1844, in Elk Ridge, Md. Since
1883 he has been pastor of St. Michael's
Lutheran congregation, Allentown, Pa. He
has been professor of Hebrew in Muhlen-
berg college, Allentown, since 1887; pres
ident of its board of trustees since 1886;
and examiner in doctrinal theology of the
ministerium of Pennsylvania since 1882. He
has published Hutter's Compend of Luth
eran Theology, translated, with Dr. Hen
ry E. Jacobs; and Wildenhahn's Martin
Luther, translated from the German.
SPILMAN, ISAAC R., civil engineer,
lawyer, was born Oct. 7, 1856, in Toulon,
111. He received his education at the Ew-
ing college, from w.hich institution he
graduated in 1880. He has been county
surveyor and city attorney of DuQuoin,
111., where he has attained prominence as
an able lawyer.
SPINK, S. L., journalist, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born March
20, 1831, in Whitehall, N. Y. In 1860 he
moved to Illinois, and conducted the Prai
rie Beacon of Paris. He was elected to
the state legislature in 1864; was appoint
ed secretary of Dakota territory; and con
tinued in office until 1869, when he was
elected the delegate from Dakota to the
forty-first congress as a republican.
SPINNER, FRANCIS ELIAS. soldier,
financier, congressman, was born Jan. 21,
1802, in Mohawk, N. Y. He held all the
commissions, from the governors of New
York, from a lieutenant to a major-gen
eral of the state artillery. He was coun
ty sheriff, and commissioner for build
ing the state lunatic asylum; and from
1845 to 1849 was auditor in the naval of
fice at New York. In 1854 he was elected
a representative from New York to the
thirty-fourth congress; and was re-elected
to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses. In 1861 he was appointed United
States treasurer, and continued in the po
sition until 1875. He died Dec. 31, 1890,
in Jacksonville, Fla.
SPINOLA, FRANCIS B., soldier, manu
facturer, state senator, congressman, was
born March 19, 1821, in Stony Brook, N.
Y. He served six years as member of the
assembly of the state of New York, and
four years as a senator. He was appoint
ed brigadier-general of volunteers in 1862,
for meritorious conduct in recruiting and
organizing a brigade of four regiments
and accompanying them to the field. He
was elected from New York to the fiftieth
and fifty-first congresses as a democrat.
He died April 12, 1891, in Washington.
SPITZKA, EDWARD CHARLES, phy
sician, author, was born Nov. 10, 1852, in
New York city. He is a physician of New
York city eminent as a neurologist; and
the author of Insanity, its Classification.
Diagnosis and Treatment.
:878
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SPOFFORD, AINSWORTH RAND, li
brarian, author, was born Sept. 12, 1825,
in Gilmanton, N. H. He was the librar
ian of congress, and editor of The Ameri-
•can Almanac and Treasury of Facts. He
is the author of Library of Choice Liter
ature; and Library of Historical Charac
ters.
SPOFFORD, MRS. HARRIET ELIZA
BETH IPRESCOTT], author, poet, was
born April 3, 1835, in Calais, Maine. She
is a novelist and poet of Newburyport.
She is the author of Azarian; Sir Rohan's
Ghost; The Amber Gods, and Other Stor
ies; New England Legends; The Thief in
the Night; The Marquis of Carabas, a ro
mance; A Lost Jewel; Hester Stanley at
St. Mark's, a story for girls; The Scarlet
Poppy, and Other Stories; Art Decoration
Applied to Furniture; Home and Hearth;
Essays on the Domestic Relations; Three
Heroines of New England; The Servant
Girl Question; A Master Spirit: Ballads
About Authors; Poems; and In Titans'
•Garden, and Other Poems.
SPOFFORD, HENRY MARTYN, law
yer, jurist, author, was born Sept. 8, 1821,
in Gilmanton, N. H. In 1877 he was elect-
• ed United States senator from Louisiana
by the Nicholls legislature, but the senate
admitted William P. Kellogg, who had
been chosen by the rival, or Packard
legislature. He was co-author of The
•Louisiana Magistrate and Parish Official
•Guide. He died Aug. 20. 1880, in Red Sul
phur Springs, W. Va.
SPOONER, ALDEN JEREMIAH, au
thor, was born Feb. 2, 1810, in Sag Har
bor, N. Y. He was the originator in 1863
of the Long Island Historical society, and
gave more than one thousand books and
pamphlets as a nucleus for its library.
He edited, with notes and memoirs of the
authors, Gabriel Furman's Notes, Geo
graphical and Historical, Relating to the
Town of Brooklyn; and Silas Wood's
Sketch of the First Settlement of the Sev
eral Towns on Long Island. He died
Aug. 2, 1881, in Hempstead, L. I., N. Y.
SPOONER, BENJAMIN F., soldier, was
born Oct. 27, 1828, in Mansfield, Ohio. At
the beginning of the civil war he became
lieutenant-colonel of
the seventh Indiana
regiment, with which
he fought at Philippi
and Laurel Hill, and
he afterward held
the same commission
in the fifty-first In
diana, with which he
was present at Shi-
loh and the siege of
Corinth. He then
resigned and returned
home, but was soon
made colonel of the eighty-third Indiana.
In 1865 he was breve'tted brigadier-gen
eral and major-general of volunteers. He
died April 3, 1881, in Lawrenceburg, Ind.
SPOONER, CLAPP, financier, was born
June 11, 1824, in Fitzwilliam, N. H. When
the Harnden Express company, with oth-
c 's. among ibcin
I hillips and Com-
>''''*ii«^ pany'g express, of
which he was then
part owner, deter
mined to combine
and incorporate the
great system of the
Adams Express com
pany, he was one of
the nine organizers
of that company and
lias been identified
with it ever since.
For many years one of its managers and
superintendent of the New England di
vision, he held the office of vice-president
from 1887 until 1891, when he retired from
active commercial life. He now devotes
all of his time 'to the supervision, im
provement and building up of his large
tract of land, called Brooklawn park, the
finest suburb of Bridgeport, Conn.
SPOONER, HENRY J., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Aug. 6, 1839, in Providence, R. I. He
served in the union
army as a commis
sioned officer from
1862 to 1865. He was
admitted to the bar
in the latter year,
and engaged in the
practice of law in
his native city. He
was a member of the
state house of repre
sentatives from 1875
to 1881, serving as
speaker the last two
years. He was elect
ed as a representative to the forty-seventh
congress to fill a vacancy; and was re-
elected to the forty-eighth, forty-ninth,
fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as a re
publican.
SPOONER, JOHN COIT, soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, United States senator, was
born Jan. 6, 1843, in Lawrenceburg, Ind.
He was military and private secretary
to Governor Lucius Fairchild, of Wiscon
sin. He served as assistant attorney-gen
eral of Wisconsin from 1867 to 1870. In
1872 he was elected a representative in the
Wisconsin legislature. He was a member
of the board of regents of the Wisconsin
university; and was elected United States
senator from Wisconsin for the term of
six years from March 4. 1885. In 1893 he
moved to Madison. He received the elec
tion to the United States senate again in
1897.
SPOONER, LYSANDER, lawyer, au
thor, was born Jan. 19, 1808, in Athel,
Mass. He was a lawyer of Boston promi
nent as an abolitionist; and the author of
Our Finances; The Deist's Reply to the
Alleged Supernatural Evidences of Chris
tianity; A Defense for Fugitive Slaves;
Unconstitutionality of Slavery; The Law
of Prices; and Poverty: Causes and Cure.
He died May 14, 1887, in Boston, Mass.
SPOONER, SHEARJASHUB, dentist,
author, was born in 1809 in Brandon, Vt.
He was a dentist of New York city; and
the author of Guide to Sound Teeth; Sur
gical and Mechanical Dentistry; Bio
graphical and Critical Dictionary of Paint
ers, Engravers, Sculptors, and Architects;
and Anecdotes of Painters. He died in
March, 1859, in Plainfield, N. J.
SPOONTS, MORRIS A., lawyer, jurist,
orator, was born Nov. 9, 1857, in Bell
county, Texas. He was educated in the
common schools of his native state; has
become one of the foremost lawyers of
Texas; and has a large practice in Fort
Worth. He has been prosecuting attor
ney; judge of his county; president of the
city council; and filled various other pub
lic positions of honor. For many years
he has been attorney of the Union Pacific
Railway company, and the Fort Worth
and Denver City Railroad company. He
is prominent in public affairs and in
politics, and has attained prominence as
a brilliant orator.
SPOTTS, JAMES HANNA, naval officer,
was born March 11, 1822, in Fort John
son, N. C. In 1881 he was promoted to
rear admiral. He died March 8, 1882, in
the Falkland Islands.
SPRAGUE, ALFRED WHITE, chemist,
author, was born June 17, 1821, in the
Sandwich Islands. He is a Boston chem
ist who published Chemical Experiments;
and Elements of Natural Philosophy.
SPRAGUE. CHARLES, financier, au
thor, poet, was born Oct. 26, 1791, in Bos
ton. Mass. He was a cashier of the Globe
bank, Boston, in
, 1825-65; and well
known in his life
time as a poet, and
still pleasantly re-
j membered for the
J genuine sentiment in
I such poems as The
I Family Meeting and
I The Winged Wor-
I shippers, though an
I Ode to Shakespeare
HHHI^^^^^^I was once much
praised. His poems
first appeared in 1841, the latest edition
being that of 1876. He died Jan. 22, 1875,
in Boston, Mass.
SPRAGUE, CHARLES EZRA, author,
was born Oct. 9, 1842, in Nassau, N. Y.
He is the secretary of the Dime Savings
institution in New York city from 1878;
and the author of Logical Symbolism;
and Handbook of Volapiik.
SPRAGUE, CHARLES FRANKLIN,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born June 10, 1857, in- Boston, Mass. In
1891 and 1892 he was in the Massachu
setts house of representatives. In 1893
and 1894 he was a member of, and latter
ly chairman of, the board of park com
missioners of the city of Boston. In 1895
and 1896 was a member of the Massa
chusetts senate; and was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
SPRAGUE, CHARLES JAMES, poet,
was born Jan. 16, 1823, in Boston, Mass.
For many years he was curator of bot
any in the Boston society of Natural His
tory, and he is known among cryptog-
amists for his collection of lichens. He
has contributed poems to journals and
magazines, and has written articles for
scientific papers.
SPRAGUE, FRANK JULIAN, inventor,
was born July 25, 1857, in Milford, Conn.
He is the inventor of the Sprague elec
tric motors.
SPRAGUE, HOMER BAXTER, educa
tor, lecturer, author, was born Oct. 19,
1829, in Sutton, Mass. He has attained
success as an author, commentator, teach
er, editor, lecturer, and soldier. He en
tered educational work early in life, be
came head master of the Girls' High
school of Boston, Mass.; served with dis
tinction as a representative in the Con
necticut legislature; and was commis
sioned captain, major, lieutenant and
colonel in the volunteer army. He was
wounded in battle and brevetted for gal
lantry at Port Hudson, La. He then be
came professor in Cornell university;
has been president of Mills college; presi
dent of the unhersity of North Dakota;
and professor at the Drew Theological
feminary of Madison, N. J. He has been
annotator and editor of the masterpieces
of the leading poets; and a successful lec
turer on Shakespeare, Milton, Goldsmith
and others. He is the author of the His
tory of the Thirteenth Connecticut Vol
unteers; of various addresses; and the
founder of Martha's Vineyard Summer in
stitute.
SPRAGUE, JOHN TITCOMB, soldier,
author, was born July 3, 1810, in Newbury
port, Mass. He was an officer of the
United States army who was military
governor of Florida in 1865; and the au
thor of Origin, etc., of the Florida War.
He died Sept. 6, 1878, in New York city.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
879
SPRAGUE, JOHN WILSON, soldier,
merchant, banker, was born April 4, 1817,
In White Creek, N. Y. He was made 'a
captain in the seventh Ohio volunteers at
the beginning of the civil war, and was
appointed brigadier-general of volunteers
in 1864, receiving the brevet of major-
general United States volunteers in 1865.
He was engaged in various enterprises,
and was for five years president of the
National bank in Tacoma, Washington
territory.
SPRAGUE. LEVI L., educator, author,
was born Dec. .23, 1844, in Beekman, N. Y.
He is the author of Theoretical and Prac
tical Bookkeeping; and A Practical
'Speller.
SPRAGUE, MARY APLIN, author, was
born in 1849 in Ohio. She is a novelist of
Newark, Ohio; and the author of An
Earnest Trifler.
SPRAGUE, NATHAN TURNER, ban-
Tier, state senator, was born June 22, 1828,
in Mount Holly, Vt. In 1883 he estab
lished the Sprague National bank of
Brooklyn, of which he is president, and
in 1886 the City Savings bank of Brook
lyn. He has been a member of the Ver
mont legislature for several terms, was
elected a state senator in 1872, and has
been a colonel on the Vermont military
staff.
SPRAGUE, PELEG, lawyer, congress
man, was born Dec. 10, 1756. He was a
representative in congress from New
Hampshire from 1797 to 1799. He died in
1800.
SPRAGUE, PELEG, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman. United States senator, author,
was born April 27, 1793, in Duxbury,
Mass. He was a member of the Maine
legislature in 1821 and 1822; and was a
representative in congress from Maine
from 1825 to 1829. He was a senator in
congress from 182£ to 1835. In 1841 he
was appointed judge of the district court
of the United States for Massachusetts;
and in 1841 was also a presidential elec
tor. He was the author of Speeches and
Addresses; and Decisions in Admiralty
and Maritime Cases. He died Oct. 13, 1880,
in Boston, Mass.
SPRAGUE, WILLIAM, state legislator,
congressman, governor, United States sen
ator, was born Nov. 3, 1799, in Providence,
R. 1. He was elected
to the general as
sembly; and in 1832
was chosen speaker
of the house. In 1835
he was elected a rep
resentative in con
gress from Rhode Is
land. He was gov
ernor of Rhode Is
land in 1838 and
1839; and in 1842
was elected to the
United States senate,
serving two years. In 1849 he was a presi
dential elector; and was a member of the
state assembly at the time of his death.
He died Oct. 19, 1856, in Providence, R. I.
SPRAGUE, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Rhode Island. He moved to
Michigan, and was a representative in
congress from that state from ±849 to
1851. He died about 1853.
SPRAGUE, WILLIAM, soldier, manu
facturer, banker, governor, congressman,
United States senator, was born Sept. 12,
1830, in Cranston, R. I. In 1861 he was
elected governor of Rhode Island. In
1862 he was elected a senator in congress
from Rhode Island for the term ending in
1869. He was re-elected to the senate in
1868.
SPRAGUE, WILLIAM BUELL, clergy
man, author, was born Oct. 16, 1795, in
Andover, Conn. He was a presbyterian
clergyman of Albany whose Annals of the
American Pulpit in ten glumes is the
work by which he is best known. Other
works of his include, Letters to a Daugh
ter; The Daughter's Own Book; Letters
from Europe; Letters on Revivals; True
Christianity, and Other Systems; Life of
Edward Dorr Griffin; Letters to
Young Men; Women of the Bible; Visits
to European Celebrities: Life of Jedediah
Morse; and Aids to Early Religion. He
died May 7, 1876, in Flushing, N. Y.
SPRAGUE, WILLIAM P., merchant,
banker, state senator, congressman, was
born May 21, 1827, in Morgan county,
Ohio. He was president of the First Na
tional bank of McConnellsville, Ohio; was
a member of the state senate of Ohio in
1860 and 1862; and was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-second
and forty-third congresses as a repuo-
lican.
SPREAD, HENRY FENTON, artist, was
born Oct. 21, 1844. in Ireland. He was
elected an academician of the Chicago
Academy of Design in 1871. and became
its professor of drawing and painting. He
left the institute to make a two years'
tour in Italy, and on his return founded
Spread's Art academy. Among his works
are Chicago Rising from Her Ashes; and
Sad News.
SPRECHER, SAMUEL, clergyman, col
lege president, author, was born Dec. 28,
1810, in Hagerstown, Md. He is a luth-
eran clergyman, president of Wurtemburg
seminary at Springfield, Ohio, in 1849-74,
and author of The Groundwork of a Sys
tem of Lutheran Theology.
SPRECKELS, JOHN DIEDRICH, mer
chant, was born Aug. 16, 1853, in Charles
ton, S. C. In 1880 he founded the house
now known as the J. D. Spreckels and
Brothers company, capital $2,000,000, to
engage in trade with the Hawaiian Is
lands, beginning operations with the little
two hundred ton schooner Rosario. In
1887 he established the Spreckels Broth
ers Commercial company at San Diego,
and built one of the finest wharves, coal
depots and warehouses there on the Pa
cific coast. He is president of the com
pany.
SPRENG, SAMUEL P., clergyman, edi
tor, author, was born Feb. 11, 1853, in
Wayne county, Ohio. He received his edu
cation in the North
western college of
Naperville, 111. In
1876 he was licensed
to preach in the
Evangelical associa
tion; and in 1883 was
elected presiding el
der and fraternal
delegate to the gen
eral conference of
the united brethren
church. Since 1887
he has been editor of
The Evangelical Messenger of Cleveland,
Ohio; and was one of the editors of The
Standard Dictionary. In 1893-95 he was
the president of the Missionary society;
and since 1895 has been president of the
Young People's alliance. He is the author
of the History of the Evangelical Associa
tion; Rays of Light; Life of Bishop John
Seybert, and other works.
SPRIGG, JAMES C., congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was elected a rep
resentative in congress from Kentucky
from 1841 to 1843.
SPRIGG, MICHAEL C., state legislator,
congressman. He was frequently a mem
ber of the Maryland legislature; and was
at one time president of the Chesapeake
and Ohio canal. He was a presidential
elector in 1820; and was a representative
in congress from 1827 to 1831. He died
in December, 1845, in Cumberland, Md.
SPRIGG, RICHARD, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1796 to 1799, and from 1801
to 1802.
SPRIGG, SAMUEL, governor, was born
in Maryland. He was elected governor
of that state in 1819, remaining in office
until 1822.
SPRIGG, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1793 to 1796.
SPRIGG, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Maryland. He was appointed
United States judge for the territory of
Michigan; and in 1806 was transferred to
the same position in Orleans. In 1812 he
was transferred to Louisiana; and in 1813
to the territory of Illinois. On the admis
sion of Missouri into the union as a state
he received the appointment of district
judge for that state.
SPRIGGS, JOHN THOMAS, lawyer, con
gressman, was born April 5, 1826, in Eng
land. He was elected district attorney of
New York in 1853; and county treasurer
in 1856. Ho was elected mayor of the
city of Utica in 1868, and again in 1880.
He was elected a representative from
New York to the forty-eighth congress;
and was re-elected to the forty-ninth con
gress as a democrat.
SPRING, EDWARD ADOLPHUS, sculp
tor, was born Aug. 26, 1837, in New York
city. In 1868 he discovered at Eagles-
wood, N. J., a fine modeling clay, pecul
iarly suited to terra-cotta work, and in
1877 he established at Perth Amboy the
Eagleswood Art Pottery. At the National
academy he exhibited a bust of Giuseppe
Mazzini in 1873, and several terra-cotta
pieces in 1878. Since 1880 he has been
director of the Chautauqua school of
sculpture.
SPRING, GARDINER, clergyman, au
thor, was born Feb. 24, 1785, in Newbury-
port, Mass. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman, long prominent in New York city
as pastor of the Brick church in 1810-73;
and the author of Power of the Pulpit;
The Church in the Wilderness; Sermons;
The Mercy Seat. He died Aug. 18, 1873,
in New York city.
SPRING, LEVERETT WILSON, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born in 1840
in Vermont. He is a congregational cler
gyman and educator, professor of English
literature at the university of Kansas in
1881-86, and professor of rhetoric at Wil
liams college from 1886. He is the author
of History of Kansas; and Mark Hopkins:
Teacher.
SPRING, LOUIS GARDINER, clergy
man, was born Feb. 13, 1858, in Weathers-
field, 111. He received his education at the
York college of Nebraska, and at the Mac-
lay College of Theology. He has attained
success as an eminent clergyman of the
methodist episcopal church, and now fills
a pastorate at Garden Grove, Cal.
SPRING, SAMUEL, clergyman, author,
was born March 10, 1746, in Northbridge,
Mass. In 1775 he became a chaplain in the
army. In 1799 he aided in founding the
Massachusetts Missionary society, of
which he was president. He published
twenty-five miscellaneous discourses; and
a number of controversial works. He died
March 4, 1819, in Newburyport, Mass.
880
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SPRINGER, CHARLES CHESLEY,
educator, lawyer, state legislator, was
born Nov. 4, 1852, in Livermore, Maine.
In 1879-80 he served as a member of the
Maine house of representatives from the
town of Yarmouth.
SPRINGER, REBECCA RUTER. au
thor, poet, was born Nov. 8, 1832, in In
dianapolis, Ind. She is the author of two
novels entitled Beechwood; and Self;
and a volume of poems entitled Songs of
the Sea.
SPRINGER, REUBEN RUNYAN, phi
lanthropist, was born Nov. 16, 1800, in
Frankfort, Ky. He gave to the Music hall,
the Exposition building, the Odeon thea
ter, and the Art museum in Cincinnati, in
all $420,000; to private charities of the
Roman catholic church, of which he was
a member, more than $100,000, and at
least $30,000 annually in the way of be
nevolence, besides contributing liberally
and regularly to various charities and
public enterprises. He left about $3,000,-
000 to his nearest of kin, having no child
ren; also annuities to the college of Mu
sic, the Music hall and the Art museum,
and nearly $400,000 to \arious Roman
catholic charitable institutions, among
these, S40.000 to the Cathedral schools,
$50,000 to St. Peter's Benevolent society,
and $100.000 for the education of priests.
He died Dec. 10, 1884, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
SPRINGER, WILLIAM McKENDREE,
lawyer, jurist, legislator, was born May
30, 1836, in Sullivan county, Ind. In 1870-
72 he was a member of the Illinois state
legislature; and for twenty years during
1875-95 was a member of congress from
the Springfield district. In 1895 he became
judge of the United States court, and chief
justice of the United States court of ap
peals for the Indian territory, for term
expiring Dec. 12, 1899.
SPROAT, EBENEZER, soldier, civil
engineer, was born in 1752 in Middlebor-
ough, Mass. In 1775 he entered the army
as a captain, and became a lieutenant-
colonel. He was subsequently a surveyor
of Providence, R. I. He died in Febru
ary, 1805, in Marietta, Ohio.
SPRONG, WILLIAM ALBERT, educa
tor, lawyer, was born Jan. 23, 1859, in
Raleigh, Ind. He received his education
at the Raleigh academy, and the Adrian
college, Michigan. He became principal
of the Elwood graded schools; studied
law; and is now a prominent lawyer of
Anderson, Ind. He has been reading clerk
in the Indiana house of representatives;
deputy prosecuting attorney of the fiftieth
judicial circuit of Indiana; is prominent
in several fraternal orders; and takes a
prominent part in the public affairs of his
city, county and state. He has contributed
both prose and \erse to the periodical
press.
SPROULL, THOMAS, reformer, author,
was born Sept. 15, 1803, near Freeport, Pa.
He was a reformed presbyterian clergy
man of Pittsburg, who published Prelec
tions on Theology.
SPRUANCE, PRESLEY, merchant,
United States senator, was born in 1785
in Delaware. He served in the Delaware
state senate and was president of that
body. He was a senator in congress from.
Delaware from 1847 to 1853. He died Feb.
13, 1863, in Smyrna, Del.
SPURGEON, JAMES ARBUTHNOT, ed
ucator, lawyer, was born in 1868 in Brown
county, Ohio. He received his education
in the Missouri Normal school of Kirks-
ville, Mo. He then entered educational
work; studied law; and is now one of
the leading lawyers of his native state at
Joplin.
SQUIER, EPHRAIM GEORGE, arch
aeologist, author, was born June 17, 1821,
in Bethlehem, N. Y. He was an archaeolo
gist and diplomatist, consul to Peru in
1863-65, and consul-general of Honduras
at New York in 1868. He was the author
of Nicaragua: Mexican Hieroglyphics;
Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi
Valley (with E. H. Davis); Antiquities of
the State of New York; Waikna, or Ad
ventures on the Mosquito Coast; The
States of Central America; Serpent Sym
bols; and Peru. He died April 17, 1888,
in Brooklyn, N. Y.
SQUIER. KITTIE ESTELLA, artist,
poet, was born June 10, 1862, in William
son, N. Y. After receiving her education
she began educational work; has been a
book-keeper, and has acquired success as
an artist, having taken se\eral prizes for
pencil drawing, pen and ink illustrations
and designs; and two of her pictures ex
hibited at the World's Columbian exposi
tion were favorably reported. She is the
author of a number of meritorious poems,
some of which have been given a place in
Poets of America and other standard
works.
SQUIRE, WATSON CARVOSSO, soldier,
financier, congressman, governor, United
States senator, was born May 18, 1838, in
Cape Vincent, N. Y.
In 1862 he received
commission from the
governor of Ohio to
raise the seventh in
dependent company
of sharpshooters, of
which he was com
missioned .captain.
He served with the
I army of the Cumber-
I land, and command-
I ed the battalion of
' Ohio sharpshooters
in 1863. His company was selected by
General Sherman as his sole headquarters
escort and body guard in the march to the
sea. He was appointed judge advocate of
the district of Tennessee, on the staff of
Major-General Rousseau; served on the
staff of General Thomas in the battle of
Nashville; was brevetted major, lieuten
ant-colonel, and colonel; and was mus
tered out of the service in August, 1865.
He was engaged in business in the city of
New York and at Ilion, N. Y., in the man
ufacture and sale of Remington breech-
loading arms and ammunition for years;
and \isited European countries and Mexi
co for this purpose. After disposing of
his interest in this business he became in
terested in the territory, now state of
Washington, where he has engaged in
farming and other business since the year
1879. He was governor of the territory in
1884-87; and was elected to the United
States senate in 1889, and re-elected in
1891.
STACY, EDWIN CLARK, lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Sept. 5, 1814, in
Hamilton, N. Y. He received his educa
tion in the Hamilton
academy of his na
tive city, and the
Erie academy, Penn
sylvania. In 1836 he
moved to Ann Arbor,
Mich.; there studied
law, and was admitt
ed to the bar in 1840
at Tecumseh, Mich.
In 1856 he moved
west, located a gov
ernment claim at the
head of Geneva lake,
in the then wilds of Minnesota. In 1856 he
was appointed a commissioner to organize
Freeborn county; and in 1857 he was
elected to the constitutional comention
which framed the organic law of the state,
and served in that body with marked
ability. In 1859 he moved to Albert Lee;
was elected three terms as county audi
tor; served as judge of probate; and
one term as superintendent of schools.
He was city justice from 1875 until his.
death, which occurred on Sept. 5, 1896.
STACY. JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born June 2, 1830, in Liberty county,
Ga. In 1757 he was called to the pastorate
of the Newnan, Ga., presbyterian church.
He is president of the board of directors
of the Theological seminary at Colum
bia, S. C. He has published a prize essay
on the Holy Sabbath; Water Baptism;
and Day of Rest.
STAFFORD, CHARLES LEWIS, clergy
man, college president, was born Sept. 26,
1844, in Miami county, Ohio. Since 1891
he has been president of the Iowa Wes-
leyan university.
STAGER, ANSON, soldier, was bora
April 20, 1825, in Ontario county, N. Y.
He served in the civil war, attaining for
meritorious services the rank of brigadier-
general.
STAHEL, JULIUS, soldier, journalist,
was born Nov. 4, 1825. in Hungary. la
1863 he was commissioned major-general.
He resigned from the
army in 1865. In 186ft
he was made United
States consul at Yo
kohama, Japan, but
after three years' res
idence there he was
compelled to return
on account of im
paired health. He
was engaged in min
ing from 1870 till
1877, when he was
again appointed con
sul to Japan. There he remained until
March, 1884. when he was made United
States consul-general at Shanghai.
STAHLE, JAMES A., soldier, congress
man, was born Jan. 11, 1830, in West
Chester, Pa. He enlisted in 1861 as cap
tain of company A, eighty-seventh Penn
sylvania volunteers, and was promoted
major and lieutenant-colonel. He was,
deputy collector of internal revenue at
York for more than fifteen years. He was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
STAHLNECKER, WILLIAM G., mer
chant, congressman, was born June 20,
1849, in Auburn, N. Y. He was elected
mayor of Yonkers, N. Y., in 1884, for a
term of two years. In 1884 he was elected
a representative from New York to the
forty-ninth congress; and was re-elected
to the fiftieth, fifty-first, and fifty-second
congresses as a democrat. He served on
several important committees while a
member of congress.
STAHR, JOHN S., clergyman, college
president, was born Dec. 2, 1841, in Bucks
county, Pa. He was professor of German
and history during 1867-72 in Franklin
and Marshall college; professor of natu
ral science from 1872-90; and since that
time has been its president.
STAIGG, RICHARD MORRELL, artist,
was born Sept. 7, 1817, in England. Some
of his miniatures were exhibited at the
Royal academy, and received warm praise.
The last twenty years of his life were de
voted to painting life-size portraits in oil,
as well as genre pieces and landscapes.
He died Oct. 11, 1881, in Newport, R. I.
HEIRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
881
STAKEBAKE, ANDREW J., soldier,
educator, lawyer, legislator, was born
March 16, 1843, in Preble county, Ohio.
During the civil war he served three years
as a soldier in company E, thirty-fifth
Ohio volunteer infantry; and was totally
disabled in the left arm by a gunshot at
Missionary Ridge Nov. 25, 1863. For many
years he was engaged in missionary
work; was county school superintendent;
president of the city school board of Win
chester. He is one of the foremost law
yers of Indiana at Winchester; has serv
ed two terms as deputy prosecuting attor
ney; one term as deputy county treas
urer; and two terms during 1893-95 as
representative in the Indiana state legis
lature.
STALEY, CADY, civil engineer, college
presidtnt, author, was born in 1840 in
New York. He is a civil engineer, presi
dent of the Case School of Applied Sci
ence at Cleveland; and author of The Sep
arate System of Sewerage.
STALEY, ERASTUS H., journalist, col
lege president, was born Feb. 6, 1830, in
Tippecance county, Ind. In 1862 he was
made president of the Male and Female
college at Valparaiso, Ind., where he re
mained nearly three years. In 1872 he
closed his career as a teacher, and he
at once assumed the editorial control
and management of the Frankfort Cres
cent in Frankfort, Ind.
STALL, SYLVANUS, clergyman, author,
was born Oct. 18, 1847, in Elizaville, N.
Y. Since 1890 he has been associate editor
of the Lutheran Ob
server of Philadel
phia, Pa. He is the
author of Pastor's
Pocket Record; Min
ister's Handbook to
Lutheran Hymns in
the Book of Wor
ship; How to Pay
Church Debts and
How to Keep
Churches Out of
Debt; Methods of
Church Work; and
other works on religious subjects.
STALLINGS, JESSE F., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born April 4,
1856, in Manningham, Ala. In 1877 he
graduated from the
university of Alaba
ma, and studied law
at the same institu
tion. Since 1879 he
has practiced law in
Greenville; was
elected solicitor for
the second judicial
circuit in 1886 for a
term of six years;
and was a delegate
to the national dem
ocratic convention
in 1888. He was elected to the fifty-third,
fifty-fourth, and fifty-fifth congresses.
STALLO, JOHN BERNHARD, lawyer,
diplomat, author, was born March 16, 1823,
in Germany. He is a Cincinnati lawyer,
and was minister to Italy in 1885. He
is the author of Concepts and Theories of
Modern Physics; and General Principles
of the Philosophy of Nature.
STALLWORTH, JAMES A., lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
April 7, 1822, in Conecuh county, Ala. He
served in the Alabama legislature during
the years 1845-48; and was twice elected
solicitor for his district. He was elected
a representative from Alabama to the
thirty-fifth congress; and was re-elected
to the thirty-sixth congress, but withdrew
in 1861 to take part in the rebellion.
56
STANARD, EDWIN O., merchant, con
gressman, was born Jan. 5, 1832, in New
port, N. H. He was elected lieutenant-
governor of Missouri in 1868; and was
elected a representative from Missouri to
the forty-third congress.
STANBERRY, WILLIAM, congressman,
was born in Essex county, N. J. He re
sided in Licking county; and was a rep
resentative in congress from Ohio from
1827 to 1833.
STANBERY, HENRY, lawyer, was born
Feb. 20, 1803, in New York city. He
was elected by the assembly of Ohio the
first attorney-general of that state in
1846; and in 1866 was appointed attorney-
general of the United States. He died
June 26, 1881, in New York city.
STANCHrlELD, HOLLIS J., educator,
was born Feb. 19, 1847, in Eastport, Maine.
He recened his education in the Oskaloo-
sa college, Iowa; and has been engaged
in educational work for more than a quar
ter of a century. He has been county su
perintendent of schools; and filled va
rious other public positions of trust in
Rushville, Neb.
STANCHFIELD, MATTIE CRESS, poet.
She has contributed both prose and verse
extensively to the periodical press; and
some of her poems have been given a
place in Poets of America, and other
standard works.
STANDEFORD, ELISHA D.. manufac
turer, banker, state senator, congressman,
was born Dec. 28, 1831, in Jefferson coun
ty, Ky. He was elected to the state sen
ate in 1868 and 1871 from Louisville; and
was elected a representative from Ken
tucky to the forty-third congress as a
democrat.
STANDIFER, JAMES, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1823 to 1825, and again
from 1829 to 1837. He died Aug. 24, 1836,
in Kingston, Tenn.
STANDISH. JOHN V. N., educator, col
lege president, was born Feb. 26, 1825, in
Woodstock, Vt. For forty years he was
the honored president of the Lombard
university of Galesburg, 111.
STANDLEE, E. LEE, physician, sur
geon, was born Nov. 9, 1864, in Amity,
Ark. He graduated from the American
Medical college of St.
Louis, Mo., and since
1885 has practiced
medicine and sur
gery in that city.
He has since also
filled the chair as
professor of general
pathological and sur
gical anatomy in the
; American Medical
college. He has been
president of the St.
Louis Eclectic Med
ical society; president of the Missouri
Eclectic Medical society; vice-president of
the state board of health of Missouri, and
is a member of the leading medical so
cieties.
STANDRIDGE, HOWELL COBB, edu
cator, clergyman, was born Nov. 2, 1851,
in White county, Ga. In 1873 he was ad
mitted to the bar, but did not follow that
profession very long. He has been prin
cipally engaged as an educator in the
first free schools of Georgia, and was one
of the founders of the Young Harris col
lege and the Hiawassee High school, of
which latter institution he was offered
the presidency. He is a successful clergy
man of Hiawassee, Ga., and has filled nu
merous positions of honor.
STANFORD, LELAND, merchant, gov
ernor, United States senator, was born
March 9, 1824, in Watervliet, N. Y. In
1856 he , moved to
San Francisco to en
gage in mercantile
pursuits on a large
scale. He was a del
egate to the republi
can national conven
tion in 1860, and in
1861-63 was governor
of California. As
president of the Cen
tral Pacific Railroad
company he superin
tended its construc
tion over the mountains, building 530
miles of it in 293 days. He became inter
ested in other railroads on the Pacific
slope, in agriculture, and in manufactures.
In 1885 he was elected United States
senator from California for the term of
six years from March 4, 1886; and re
ceived the re-election in 1890. He died
June 21, 1893, in Palo Alto, Cal.
STANFORD, RICHARD, congressman,
was born in 1769. He was a representa
tive in congress from North Carolina from
1797 to 1816. He died April 9, 1816, in
Georgetown, D. C.
STANLEY, ANTHONY DUMOND,
mathematician, author, was born April 2,
1810, in East Hartford, Conn. He was
an educator who was a professor of math
ematics at Yale university in 1836-53, and
the author of Elementary Treatise of
Spherical Geometry and Trigonometry;
and Tables of Logarithms. He died March
16, 1853, in Hartford, Conn.
STANLEY, DAVID SLOAN, soldier, was
born June 1, 1828, in Cedar Valley, Ohio.
During 1855-61 he took part in the In
dian wars; and in 1861 was appointed
brigadier-general of volunteers. He sub
sequently won the title of brevet major-
general at the battle of Franklin, where
he defeated Hood. He is on the retired
list, and is the commander of the Sol
diers' home in Washington, D. C.
STANLEY, EDWARD, lawyer, congress
man, was born about 1811 in New Berne,
N. C. He served three years in the house
of commons of North Carolina, and was
speaker of that body. He was a repre
sentative from North Carolina to the
twenty-fifth, twenty-sixth, twenty-sev
enth, thirtieth, thirty-first and thirty-
second congresses. He moved to Califor
nia, where he devoted himself to the prac
tice of law, and was recalled from there by
President Lincoln in 1862 to assume the
duties of military governor of North Car
olina. He died July 12, 1872, in San
Francisco. Cal.
STANLEY, HENRY MORTON, explor
er, author, was born in 1840 near Den
bigh, Wales. He is a celebrated African
explorer. In 1855 he was adopted by a
New Orleans merchant, whose name he
took. He was sent by the New York
Herald in search of Livingstone in 1870,
and was again sent to Africa by the Her
ald in 1874. In 1879 he accompanied an
African expedition sent by the king of the
Belgians, which resulted in the establish
ment of the Congo Free State. He is the
author of How I Found Livingstone; My
Kalulu, Prince, King and Slave, a study
of Central Africa; Coomassie and Mag-
dala; Through the Dark Continent; The
Congo and the Founding of Its Free
State; In Darkest Africa; My Dark Com
panions; My Early Travels in America
and Asia; and Slavery and the Slave
Trade in India.
882
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STANLEY, JOHN, state legislator, con
gressman, was born in North Carolina.
He was a distinguished member of the
legislature of North Carolina, and was a
representative in congress from that state
from 1801 to 1803, and again from 1809 to
1811. He died Aug. 3, 1834, in New Berne,
N. C.
STANLY, FABIUS, naval officer, was
born Dec. 15, 1815, in New Berne, N. C.
He served In the Mexican and civil wars,
and attained the rank of rear-admiral.
He died Sept. 5, 1882, in Washington, D. C.
STANSBURY, ARTHUR J., author, was
born in 1781 in New York city. Besides
contributing to periodicals, he published
several sermons and addresses, and was
the author of Elementary Catechism on
the Constitution of the United States; and
a Report of the Trial of Judge James H.
Peck, or an Impeachment by the House
of Representatives of the United States.
He died about 1848.
STANSBURY. HOWARD, explorer,
civil engineer, author, was born Feb. 8,
1806, in New York city. He was an ex
plorer who was a topographical engineer
in the United States army, and published
An Expedition to Great Salt Lake. He
died April 17, 1863, in Madison, Wis.
STANSBURY, PHILIP, traveler, au
thor, was born about 1802. He was the
author of A Pedestrian Tour of Two
Thousand Three Hundred Miles in North
America, to the Lakes, the Canadas, and
the New England States, Performed in
the autumn of 1821. He died about 1870.
STANSEL, MARTIN L., soldier, lawyer,
legislator, jurist, was born April 23, 1824,
in Savannah, Ga. In 1844 he graduated
from the university of Alabama; has
been judge of the circuit court, and dur
ing 1861-65 he served as colonel of the
forty-first regiment confederate states vol
unteers. In 1865 he served as a member
of the Alabama state constitutional con
vention; and for many years has served
with distinction as representative and
state senator of the Alabama state legis
lature. He is one of the foremost lawyers
of the south at Carrollton, Ala.
STANTON, BENJAMIN, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born June 4,
1809, in Mount Pleasant, Ohio. He was
elected to the Ohio state senate in 1841;
resigned in 1842, but was re-elected the
same year. In October, 1850, he was
elected to the house of representatives of
the thirty-second congress, and was re-
elected to the thirty-fourth, thirty-fifth
and thirty-sixth congresses. In 1862 he
was lieutenant-governor of Ohio.
STANTON, EDWIN McMASTERS,
lawyer, jurist, state senator, was born
Dec. 19, 1814, in Steubenville, Ohio. In
1842 he was elected
reporter of the deci
sions of the supreme
court of Ohio, and in
1848 formed a law
partnership at Pitts-
burg. He soon after
wards began to be
much employed in
the supreme court of
the United States
which compelled him
to remove to Wash
ington in 1857. In
1858 he was sent, by the government, to
California to defend its interests in cer
tain important land cases in that state,
and in 1860 went into President Buchan
an's cabinet as attorney-general. In 1862
he was appointed secretary of war. In
1869 he was appointed a justice of the
supreme court of the United States. He
died Dec. 24, 1869, in Washington, D. C.
STANTON, ELIZABETH CADY, suffra
gist, author, was born Nov. 12, '1815, in
Johnstown, N. Y. In 1848, chiefly through
her efforts, the first woman's rights con
vention was formed and held in Seneca
Falls, N. Y. She is the author of a His
tory of the Woman Suffrage Movement.
STANTON, FRANK LEBBY, journal
ist, poet, was born in 1858 in Georgia.
He is a journalist and popular verse-wri
ter of Atlanta, and the author of Songs
of the Soil.
STANTON, FREDERICK PERRY,
business man, lawyer, congressman, gov
ernor, was born Dec. 22, 1814, in Alex
andria, Va. He was elected a representa
tive in congress from Tennessee from 1845
to 1855; and was appointed governor of
the territory of Kansas in 1858.
STANTON, HENRY, soldier, was born
about 1796 in Vermont. He was brevetted
brigadier-general for meritorious conduct
in the Mexican war in 1847. He died Aug.
1, 1856, in Hamilton, N. Y.
STANTON, HENRY BREWSTER, jour
nalist, reformer, author, was born June
29, 1805, in Griswolcl, Conn. He was a
journalist and reformer of New York city,
and the author of Sketches of Reforms
and Reformers in Great Britain and Ire
land; and Random Recollections. He died
Jan. 14, 1887, in New York city.
STANTON, HENRY THOMPSON, sol
dier, lawyer, journalist, poet, was born
June 30, 1834, in Alexandria, Va. He is
an officer in the United States army, and
an Indian commissioner. He has written
much humorous verse. He is the author
of The Moneyless Man, and Other Poems;
and Jacob Brown, and Other Poems.
STANTON, JOSEPH, congressman,
United States senator, was born July 19,
1739, in Charleston, R. I. He was a sen
ator in congress from Rhode Island from
1790 to 1793; and a representative in con
gress from 1801 to 1807. He died about
1807 in Charleston, R. 1.
STANTON, OSCAR FITZALAN, naval
officer, was born July 18, 1834, in Sag
Harbor, N. Y. He entered the navy as
acting midshipman in 1849, and was grad
uated from the United States naval acad
emy at Annapolis in 1855, promoted to
master in 1855; commissioned lieuten
ant in 1856, and became a commodore.
STANTON, RICHARD HENRY, jour
nalist, lawyer, jurist, congressman, au
thor, was born Sept. 9, 1812, in Alexan
dria, Va. Being elected from Kentucky
to congress as a democrat, he served from
1849 till 1855, and was presidential elector
on the Buchanan ticket in 1856; state at
torney for his judicial district in 1858;
a delegate to the national democratic con
vention in 1868, and district judge in
1868-74. He edited the Maysville Moni
tor and the Maysville Express, and pub
lished a Code of Practice in Civil and
Criminal Cases in Kentucky; Practical
Treatises for Justices of the Peace, etc.,
of Kentucky; and a Practical Manual for
Executors in Kentucky.
STANTON, STILES TRUMBULL, jour
nalist, state senator, was born Dec. 10,
1849, in Stonington, Conn. He was ex
ecutive secretary of state in Connecticut
in 1879-80, and was a member of the
house of representatives in 1881-82, and
served in the state senate in 1884-86, being
president pro tempore in 1885-86. Early
in life he devoted himself to journalism,
and became connected with the Norwich,
Conn., Bulletin and the Worcester, Mass.,
Press, achieving a reputation as a humor
ist. He died Feb. 2, 1888, in New York
city.
bTANTON, THEODORE, journalist, au
thor, was born Feb. 10, 1851, in Seneca
Falls, N. Y. He is a journalist living in
Paris, and the author of The Woman
Question in Europe.
STANTON, WILLIAM A., clergyman,
author, was born March 5, 1854, in Law-
renceville, Pa. He has filled pastorates
in various churches of the baptist denom
ination. He is the author of the Stanton
Genealogy; and A History of the First
Baptist Church of Rockford, 111.
STANTON, WILLIAM H., congressman.
He was elected a representative from
Pennsylvania to the forty-fourth con
gress to fill a vacancy.
STANWOOD, EDWARD, journalist, au
thor, was born in 1841 in Maine. He is a
Boston journalist, managing editor of The
Youth's Companion, and the author of A
History of Presidential Elections; and
History of Cotton Manufacture in New
England.
STAPLES, ERNEST LINWOOD, law
yer, clergyman, author, was born Sept. 10,
1856, in Monroe, Conn. He received a
thorough education under private tutors,
and was admitted to the bar of Connecti
cut in 1883; and practiced his profession
in Shelton since 1886. In 1896 he was ad
mitted to the Unitarian ministry at Bos
ton, Mass. He is the author of A Man of
Destiny, an epic having Abraham Lincoln
for its subject; and also the author of
Our Ulysses, and Other Poems.
STAPLES, WILLIAM READ, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Oct. 10, 1798, in
Providence, R. I. He was associate judge
of the Rhode Island supreme court from
1835 till 1854; and was chief justice of
that court in 1854-56. He edited the second
volume of the Rhode Island Historical so
ciety's collections, and Samuel Gorton's
Simplicities' Defence Against Seven-Head
ed Policy (Providence); and issued Docu
mentary History of the Destruction of the
Gaspe (1845); Proceedings of the First
General Assembly for the Incorporation
of Providence Plantations in 1647; and
Rhode Island Form-Book. He died Oct.
19, 1868, in Providence, R. I.
STARBUCK, CALVIN WASHBURN,
journalist, was born April 20, 1822, in
Cincinnati, Ohio. He established the Cin
cinnati Times, an afternoon newspaper.
To his exertions and generosity are main
ly due the Relief union, the Home of the
Friendless, and other charitable insti
tutions of Cincinnati, while his private
gifts were many and constant. He died
Nov. 15, 1870, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
STARIN, JOHN H., congressman, was
born Aug. 27, 1827, in Sammonsville, N. Y.
He received an academic education; com-
menced the study of
medicine in 1842,
and established and
conducted the drug
and medicine busi-
^ ^^ ness at Fultonville
from 1845 to 1858.
/A. JWM From 1848 to 1852 he
••-~\ was postmaster at
Fultonville, and from
1856 to the present
time has been large
ly engaged in the
transportation busi
ness through the city, river and harbor
and waters of Long Island Sound, and its
accessories of vessel building. He is at
present a director of the North River
bank, New York city, and the Mohawk
River National bank, and is greatly and
personally interested in agriculture and
stocking. He was elected to the forty-
fifth congress, and was re-elected to the
forty-sixth congress as a republican.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
883
STARK, BENJAMIN, merchant, lawyer,
congressman, United States senator, was
torn June 26, 1820, in New Orleans, La.
In 1845 he settled in Oregon, and estab
lished commercial relations with the
Sandwich Islands, and with California,
then a Mexican province. In 1852 he was
a member of the territorial legislature
at Oregon, and in 1860 was a member of
the state legislature of that state. He
was a senator in congress from Oregon
.during parts of the years 1861 and 1862,
in the thirty-seventh congress.
STARK, CALEB, lawyer, state legislat
or, author, was born Nov. 21, 1804, in
Dunbarton, N. H. He was a member of
the New Hampshire legislature, and was
the author of Reminiscences of the French
War, containing Rogers's Expeditions
with the New England Rangers, and an
Account of the Life and Military Service
of John Stark; Memoir and Official Cor
respondence of Gen. John Stark, with No
tices of other Officers of the Revolution;
#nd a History of Dunbarton, N. H., from
the Grant by Mason's Assigns in 1751 to
1860. He died Feb. 1, 1864, in Dunbarton,
N. H.
STARK, CHARLES B., lawyer, author,
son of Hon. Joseph C. Stark of Tennessee.
He is a successful lawyer of St. Louis,
Mo., and the author of Stark's Missouri
Digest in three volumes.
STARK, HENRY M., statistician, was
born April 14, 1845, in Flanders, N. J.
He received a thorough education in the
public schools; and has principally been
engaged in railroad positions. During
1889-91 he was commissioner of labor and
industrial statistics of the state of Wis
consin. He has contributed extensively to
the periodical press; and takes an active
part in the public affairs of South Supe
rior, Wis.
STARK, JOHN, soldier, was born Aug.
28, 1728, in Londonderry, N. H. He was
a brigadier-general, and is a conspicuous
figure in American history, by his vic
tory over the British at Bennington, Aug.
16, 1777, and by his words before going
into battle: There are the red-coats; we
must beat them to-day, or Molly Stark is
a widow! He dted May 8, 1832, in Man
chester, N. H.
STARK, JOSEPH CARTER, state sena
tor, jurist, was born Dec. 29, 1817, in
Sumner county, Tenn. He was a Ten
nessee state senator, and judge of the
tenth judicial circuit court of Tennessee.
He died March 6, 1890.
STARK, WILLIAM, lawyer, poet, was
born about 1820 in Manchester, N. H. He
devoted himself to literary pursuits and
to the care of a large collection of rare
birds and animals. His park in Man
chester, N. H., which was open to the
public, was widely known. He wrote
several poems, and frequently lectured.
He died Oct. 29, 1873, jn Somerville, Mass.
STARK, WILLIAM LEDYARD, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born July 29,
1853, in Mystic, Conn. He was commis
sioned major and judge-advocate-general
of the Nebraska national guard, and was
nominated for congress by the populists
and afterwards by the democrats, and
elected to the fifty-fifth congress.
STARKEY, THOMAS ALFRED, bishop
of Newark, N. J., was born in 1824 in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was elected bishop
of northern New Jersey in 1879, and was
consecrated on Jan. 8, 1880. The name of
his diocese was changed to Newark in
1886, and about the same time the bishop
removed his resid«nce to East Orange.
STARKWEATHER, AMELIA MINER
VA, educator, poet, was born in Stark-
ville, N. Y. She received her education
at the Gary collegi
ate seminary of Oak-
field, N. Y. She has
principally been en
gaged in educational
work; for four years
was traveling finan
cial agent for the Or
phans' home of Ran
dolph, N. Y. She en
tered the Deaconess
home at Buffalo, and
six months later
went as superintend
ent of the Deaconess home of Brooklyn,
N. Y. For three years she was president
of the Woman's Missionary society; has
lectured extensively, and given numerous
public readings. She has written both
prose and verse for the periodical press,
and many of her poems have been given a
place in standard works.
STARKWEATHER, DAVID A., lawyer,
congressman, was born in Connecticut.
He was elected a representative in con
gress from Ohio from 1839 to 1841, and
again from 1845 to 1847. He was a presi
dential elector in 1848, and was minister
to Chili from 1854 to 1857.
STARKWEATHER, GEORGE A., con
gressman, was born in Connecticut. He
was a representative in congress from
New York from 1847 to 1849.
STARKWEATHER, GEORGE B., cler
gyman, inventor, translator, author. He
has been a missionary for twenty years;
has been a translator in five different
languages, and is the author of half a
dozen books.
STARKWEATHER, HENRY HOW
ARD, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born April 29, 1826, in Preston,
Conn. He served in the Connecticut state
legislature, and in 1861 was appointed
postmaster of Norwich. In 1867 he was
elected a representative from Connecti
cut to the fortieth congress, and was re-
elected to the forty-first, forty-second,
forty-third and forty-fourth congresses as
a republican. He died Jan. 28, 1876, in
Washington, D. C.
STARKWEATHER, JOHN CONVERSE,
soldier, congressman, was born May 11,
1830, in Cooperstown, N. Y. He was a
colonel in the New York twelfth artillery.
He served as a member of congress dur
ing 1847-49. He died Nov. 15, 1890, in
Washington, D. C.
STARKWEATHER, JOHN L., lawyer,
was born Oct. 4, 1844, in Romeo, Mich. He
received the rudiments of his education
in the public schools of his native city;
attended Eastman's Business college of
Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; and the law de
partment of the university of Michigan.
He commenced life as a school teacher,
and all his life has been prominently
identified with temperance movements
and societies. He has attained success
as an able lawyer, his specialties being
patents and pensions. Since 1891 he has
been a prominent Forester, and is a mem
ber of various other fraternal orders in
his native city.
STARKWEATHER, PERRY, soldier,
manufacturer, was born Nov. 20, 1844, in
Oakland county, Mich. During the war
he served in the union army for over four
years in company I, ninth regiment, Mich
igan volunteer infantry, and is prominent
in the affairs of the Grand Army of the
Republic of Minneapolis, Minn., where he
is a successful manufacturer of knit
goods.
STARR, CHARLES RICHARD, lawyer,
jurist, was born May 15, 1824, in Nova
Scotia. He moved to Illinois in 1842, and
was admitted to the bar in 1849. For
four years he was county judge, and for
the past sixteen years has been judge of
the circuit court.
STARR, ELIZA ALLEN, lecturer, au
thor, was born Aug. 29, 1824, in Deer-
field, Mass. She is an art lecturer in Chi
cago, and the author of Patron Saints;
Pilgrims and Shrines; and Songs of a
Lifetime.
STARR, FREDERIC RATCHFORD,
farmer, author, was born June 18, 1821,
in Nova Scotia. He is a noted dairy
farmer of Litchfield, Conn., and the au
thor of Didley Dumps, the Newsboy; May
I Not? What Can I Do? Farm Echoes;
and From Shore to Shore.
STARR, JOHN F., congressman, was
born in 1818 in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1863
he was elected a representative from New
Jersey to the thirty-eighth congress, and
was re-elected to the thirty-ninth con
gress.
STARR, MOSES ALLEN, physician, au
thor, was born in 1854 in New York. He
is a physician of New York city, promi
nent as a neurologist, and the author of
Familiar Forms of Nervous Diseases;
Lectures on Insanity; and Brain Surgery.
He also is a constant contributor to medi
cal literature.
STARR, WILLIAM GABRIEL, clergy
man, college president, was born Sept.
26, 1840, in Rappahannock county, Va.
He entered the ministry in 1860, and has
since filled the leading stations in tBe
Virginia annual conference of the method-
ist episcopal church south. For five years
he was president of the Wesleyan Fe
male college of Murfreesboro, N. C.
STARRS, WILLIAM, clergyman, was
born in 1807, in Ireland. In 1853 he was
appointed rector of St. Patrick's cathedral
and vicar-general of the archdiocese of
New York, and in 1864 he was administra
tor of the diocese until the succeeding
bishop was appointed. He died Feb. 6,
1873, in New York city.
START, HENRY R., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, state senator, was born Dec. 28,
1845, in Bakersfield, Vt. He was educated
at the Bakersfield
and Barre academy.
During the civil war
he was a member of
company A, third
regiment Vermont
volunteer infantry.
He is one of the
foremost lawyers of
New England at
Bakersfield; has held
the office of state's
attorney; was state
senator in 1880, and
was a representative in the Vermont state
legislature in 1890, and speaker of the
house. In 1880 he was a presidential elect
or, and in 1890 was elected a juuge of the
supreme court.
SiAUFFER, FRANCIS HENRY, au
thor, was born in 1832 in Pennsylvania.
He is a sensational novelist of Philadel
phia, long a contributor to the Saturday
Night. Among his serials published in that
paper are Ruth Brandon; Lucy Darrel;
and Devona the Dauntless.
STAUNTON, WILLIAM, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1803 in England. He
was an episcopal clergyman of New York
city who published an Ecclesiastical Dic
tionary, and wrote much on musical top
ics. He died Sept. 20, 1889.
884
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STAVELEY, ROBERT MILTON, cler
gyman, poet, was born Oct. 31, 1859, in
England. At nine years of age he came
to America with his
parents, attended the
Dakota university
for two years, and
the Garrett Biblical
institute for two
years. Since 1894
he has been engaged
in ministerial work
in South Dakota;
has written exten
sively for the period
ical press, and is the
author of a number
of meritorious poems. Some of his poems
have been given a place in several stand
ard collections.
ST. CLA1R, ARTHUR, soldier, con
gressman, governor, author, was born in
1734 in Scotland. In 1764 he settled in
Pennsylvania, where
he erected mills. In
1770 he was made a
district surveyor and
justice of common
yleas In 1776 he
was ordered to Can-
I ada; acquitted him-
I self with great abil
ity, rose to the rank
of major-general. He
joined General Wash
ington; took a lead
ing part in battles of
Princeton, Ticonderoga, and Brandywine;
assisted Sullivan against the Six Na
tions and was a commissioner to arrange
a cartel with the British in 1780. He
was a delegate to congress in 1785, and
was chosen president of the same in 1787.
He was appointed governor of the north
west territory in 1788; made an Indian
treaty in 1789, and located* the city of
Cincinnati, and gave it its name. He
was appointed general-in-chief of the
army in 1791. He died Aug. 31, 1818, in
Greensburg, Pa.
STEARNS. ASHAEL, lawyer, educator,
congressman, author, was born in 1774
in Massachusetts. He was several years
county attorney for Middlesex county;
and was a representative in congress
from Massachusetts from 1815 to 1817.
He was appointed professor of law at
Cambridge in 1817, and continued in the
office until 1829. In 1824 he published a
volume on Real Actions. He died Feb.
5, 1839, in Cambridge, Mass.
STEARNS, CHARLES, clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born July 19, 1753, in Leo-
minster, Mass. He was a Unitarian cler
gyman, pastor at Lincoln, Mass., from
1785 till his death, arid the author of The
Ladies' Philosophy of Love, a Poem;
and Principles of Morality and Religion.
He died July 26, 1826, in Lincoln, Mass.
STEARNS, CHARLES WOODWARD,
physician, surgeon, author, was born in
1818 in Springfield, Mass. He was a phy
sician and surgeon of note as a Shakes
pearean scholar, and the author of Shake
speare's Medical Knowledge; Shakespeare
Treasury of Wisdom and Knowledge;
Concordance of the Constitution of the
United States; and The Black Men and
the South and the Rebels. He died Sept.
8, 1887, in Long Meadow, Mass.
STEARNS, EBEN SPERRY, educator,
was born in 1821 In Bedford, Mass. He
was master of the Normal school at Fra-
mingham, Mass., of the Albany Female
academy, and in 1875 became chancellor
of Nashville university. He died in 1887
in Nashville, Tenn.
STEARNS, EDWARD JOSIAH, was
born Feb. 24, 1810, in Bedford, Mass. He
was an episcopal clergyman and educator
in Maryland; and the author of A Plat
form for All Parties; Notes on Uncle
Tom's Cabin; Practical Guide to English
Pronunciation; The Faith of Our Fore
fathers, an Examination of Archbishop
Gibbons's Faith of Our Fathers; and The
Archbishop's Champion Brought to Book.
He died in 1890.
STEARNS, EZRA SCOLLAY, author,
was born Sept. 1, 1838, in Rindge, N. H.
He is the author of History of Rindge;
and History of Ashburnham, N. H.
STEARNS, FRANK PRESTON, author,
was born in 1846 in Massachusetts. He
is a Boston writer upon art, literature and
history, and the author of The Real and
Ideal in Literature; Life of Tintoretto;
The Midsummer of Italian Art; Sketches
from Concord and Appledore; Modern
English Prose; and Summer Travel in
Europe. '
STEARNS, JOHN GLAZIER, clergy
man, author, was born Nov. 22, 1795,
in Ackworth, N. H. He was a baptist
Clergyman prominent in central New
York, and the author of The Primitive
Church; Letters on Freemasonry; The
Sovereignty of God and Free Agency;
and The Influence of the Spirit and the
Word in Regeneration. He died Jan. 16,
1874> in Clinton, N. Y.
STEARNS, JOHN NEWTON, temper
ance reformer, author, was born May 24,
1829, in New Ipswich, N. H. He is the
author of The Temperance Chimes; The
Temperance Speaker; The Centennial
Songster; One Hundred Years of Temper
ance; and Temperance in All Nations.
STEARNS, JOHN WILLIAM, educator,
author, was born in 1840 in Sturbridge,
Mass. He is a professor in the university
of Wisconsin from 1884, and the author of
The History of Education in Wisconsin.
STEARNS, JONATHAN FRENCH,
clergyman, author, was born in Septem
ber, 1808, in Bedford, Mass. In 1849 he
became pastor of the First Presbyterian
church in Newark, N. J., which connec
tion continued about thirty years. He
published Sermon on the Death of Dan
iel Webster; and Historical Discourses
Relating to the First Presbyterian Church
in Newark.
STEARNS, JUNIUS BRUTUS, artist,
was born July 2, 1810, in Arlington,
Vt. His work was mainly in portraiture,
but he painted also numerous historical
subjects. Of these the best known are
the Washington Series, five paintings rep
resenting Washington as a citizen, farm
er, soldier, statesman, and Christian. His
Millennium is in the Academy of Design,
New York. He died Sept. 17, 1885, in
Brooklyn, N. Y".
STEARNS, LEWIS FRENCH, clergy
man, educator, author, was born in 1847
in Massachusetts. He was a presbyterian
clergyman, and professor of systematic
theology in Bangor Theological seminary
in 1880-92. He was the author of The Evi
dence of Christian Experience; Present
Day Theology, with Biographical Sketch
by G. L. Prentiss; and Life of Henry
Boynton Smith. He died in 1892.
STEARNS, MARCELLUS L., soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, governor, was
born April 29, 1839, in Lovell, Maine.
He entered the union army as a private,
and rose to the rank of first lieutenant.
He settled in Florida immediately after
the close of the civil war; and was ap
pointed United States surveyor-general of
Florida. He was twice elected a repre
sentative to the legislature, and speaker
of the house. He was elected lieutenant-
governor of Florida, and was governor of
the state from 1874 to 1877.
STEARNS, OAKMAN SPRAGUE, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born Oct.
20, 1817, in Bath, Maine. He was a Bap
tist clergyman of Massachusetts, and pro
fessor of biblical interpretation at New
ton Theological seminary from 1868. He
was the author of A Syllabus of Messianic
Passages in the Old Testament; and In
troduction to the Books of the Old Testa
ment. He died in 1893.
STEARNS, ONSLOW, governor, was
born in New Hampshire. In 1869 he was
elected governor of New Hampshire; and
was re-elected in 1870. He died Dec. 28,
1878, in New Hampshire.
STEARNS, OZORA PIERSON. soldier,
lawyer. United States senator, was born
Jan. 15, 1831, in De Kalb, N. Y. He was
elected county attorney of Olmstead coun
ty, Minn., in 1861. He was elected to the
United States senate as a republican to
fill a vacancy and took his seat Jan. 23,
1871.
STEARNS, ROBERT E. C., scientist,
author, poet, was born Feb. 21, 1827, in
Boston, Mass. He is connected with the
scientific depart
ments of the Smith
sonian institution,
and the United States
geological survey at
Washington, D. C.
He has published
numerous scientific
papers; and is the
author of a number
of meritorious poems
which have appeared
in the leading news
papers and maga
zines of the United States.
STEARNS, SAMUEL, physician, as
tronomer, author, was born in 1747 in
Bolton, Mass. He was a physician and
astronomer of Worcester, New York city,
and lastly of Brattleboro, Vt. He was the
author of Tour to London and Paris;
Mystery of Animal Magnetism; American
Oracle; and The American Herbal or Ma-
teria Medica. He died Aug. 8, 1819, in
Brattleboro, Vt.
STEARNS, MRS. SARAH BURGER,
reformer, was born Nov. 30, 1836, in New
York city. For many years she has been
vice-president for Minnesota of the Na
tional Woman Suffrage association. She
is president of the Duluth Home society,
and was instrumental in establishing a
temporary home for needy women and
children in that city.
STEARNS, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, author, was born March 17,
1805, in Bedford, Mass. He was a congre
gational clergyman, president of Amherst
college in 1854-76, and the author of In
fant Church Membership; and A Plea for
the Nation. He died June 8, 1876, in Am
herst, Mass.
STEARNS, WINFRID ALDEN, author,
was born in 185 — . He is the author of
Labrador: a Sketch of Its Peoples, etc.;
Wrecked on Labrador; and New England
Bird Life.
STEBBENS, SARAH BRIDGES, author,
poet, was born in Philadelphia, Pa. She
is the author of several volumes of poems,
the most notable of which are Marble Isle
Legends of the Round Table; and Gal-
gano's Wooing, and Other Poems. She
is also the author of a prose work en
titled Annals of a Baby; and also a ro
mance entitled He and I.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
885
STEBBINS, EMMA, was born Sept. 1,
1815, in New York city. She was a sculp
tress who lived many years in Rome,
where she formed a friendship with Char
lotte Cushman. She was the author of
Charlotte Cushman: Her Letters and
Memories of Her Life. She died Oct. 25,
1882, in New York city.
STEBBINS, GILES BADGER, author.
He is the author of After Dogmatic The
ology, What? The American Protection
ist's Manual; Chapters from the Bible of
the Ages; Facts and Opinions Touching
the American Colonization Society; and
Progress from Poverty.
STEBBINS, HENRY G., banker, con
gressman, was born in 1812 in New York
city. He was one of the originators, and
president of the Dramatic Fund associa
tion, and an active manager of the New
York Academy of Music. In 1862 he was
elected a representative from New York
to the thirty-eighth congress.
STEBBINS, MRS. MARY ELIZABETH
(MOORE) (HEWITT), author, poet, was
born in 1818 in Massachusetts. She is the
author of Songs of Our Lord; Heroines
of History; and Poems: Sacred, Passion
ate, and Legendary.
STEBBINS, RUFUS PHINEAS, clergy
man, author, wa^ born in 1810 in Massa
chusetts. He was a Unitarian clergyman
of Ithaca, N. Y., and subsequently of
Newton Centre, Mass. He was the author
of A Study of the Pentateuch; and A
Common Sense View of the Books of the
Old Testament. He died in 1885.
STEDMAN, EDMUND CLARENCE, au
thor, poet, was born Oct. 8, 1833, in Hart
ford, Conn. He is a poet and literary
critic of New York city, for many years a
member of the Stock exchange there. His
volumes of verse include, Poems: Lyric
and Idyllic; The Prince's Ball; The Battle
of Bull Run; Alice of Monmouth; Idyl of
the Great War, and Other Poems; The
Blameless Prince; Hawthorne, and Other
Poems; Lyrics and Idyls; Poems, House
hold Edition; and The Star Bearer. His
other works comprise, Octavius Brooks
Frothingham and the New Faith; Vic
torian Poets; Poets of America; and The
Nature and Elements of Poetry. His most
important labors as editor have been, A
Library of American Literature; The
Works of Poe; and A Victorian Anthol
ogy.
STEDMAN, WILLIAM, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1765
in Massachusetts. In 1802 he was a repre
sentative in the state legislature; and
was a representative in congress from
Massachusetts from 1803 to 1810. He
died in 1831 in Newburyport, Mass.
STEEDMAN, CHARLES, naval officer,
was born Sept. 24, 1811, in Charleston,
S. C. In 1828 he was appointed a midship
man; passed through all the grades, and
attained the rank of rear-admiral.
STEEDMAN, JAMES BARRETT, sol
dier, state legislator, was born July 30,
1818, in Northumberland county, Pa. In
1843 he was a member of the Ohio state
legislature. In 1849 he crossed the plains
to California; returned the following
year, and during President Buchanan's
administration was printer to congress.
He served with distinction through the
civil war, and attained the rank of ma
jor-general.
STEEL, HARRY GIVIN, journalist, was
born Dec. 6, 1868, in Ashland, Pa. He
has been editor and business- manager of
the Shamokin Daily Dispatch, and other
prominent papers; and is now editor and
owner of The Daily Herald of Shamokin,
Pa.
STEEL, GEORGE ALEXANDER, busi
ness man, legislator, was born April 22,
1846, in Stafford, Ohio. He is the son of
William Steel, a prominent abolitionist
of Ohio, and cousin of Hon. William E.
Gladstone. On April 2, 1863, he started
for Portland, Ore., going by the way of
New York, Aspinwall, Panama and San
Francisco, arriving there on May 25, 1864.
He has been county treasurer, state sen
ator, postmaster of Portland for two
terms, special agent of the postoffice de
partment, and has filled various other of
fices of trust. He is widely and favorably
known throughout Oregon; is largely in
terested in street railways in Portland
and vicinity, and is now president and
superintendent of the East Side Railway
company, one of the longest and most suc
cessful electric railways in the United
States.
STEELE, DANIEL, clergyman, edu
cator, author, was born in 1824 in New
York. He is a methodist clergyman and
educator of note, and the author of Com
mentary on Joshua; Love Enthroned;
Milestone Papers; Antinomianism Re
vived; Commentary on Leviticus and
Numbers; Bible Readings; and Sermons
and Essays.
STEELE, DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born in 1827 in Ireland. He is a
reformed presbyterian clergyman of Pnil-
adelphia from 1861, and the author of
The Times in Which We Live, and the
Ministry They Require; and The Apolo
getics of History.
STEELE, FREDERICK, soldier, was
born Jan. 14, 1819, in Delhi, N. Y. He
served with distinction through the civil
war, and attained the rank of major-gen
eral. He died Jan. 12, 1868, in San Mateo,
Cal.
STEELE, GEORGE McKENDREE, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born in 1823
in New York. He is a methodist clergy
man and educator; and principal of Wil-
braham academy, Massachusetts. He is
the author of Outline Study of Political
Economy.
STEELE, GEORGE W., lawyer, soldier,
banker, congressman, was born Dec. 13,
1839, in Fayette county, Ind. He served in
the civil war and attained the rank of
lieutenant-colonel. In 1882 he established
the First National bank of Marion, Ind.,
and became its president. He was the
first governor of Oklahoma, and resigned
after serving twenty months. He was
a member of the forty-seventh, forty-
eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, and fifty-
fourth congresses and was re-elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican. •
STEELE, ISAAC NEVETT, lawyer, was
born April 25, 1809, in Cambridge, Md.
He received a thorough education in the
public academy of
Cambridge; S t .
John's college of
Annapolis, and at
Trinity college o f
Hartford, Conn. In
1830 he was admitted
to the bar; and at
tained prominence as
one of the foremost
lawyers in America,
and a leader of the
Maryland bar. He
contributed valuable
articles to current literature. He died
April 11, 1891, in Baltimore, Md.
STEELE, JAMES, soldier, manufactu
rer, was born Jan. 16, 1765, in Lancaster
county, Pa. He served in the war of
1812-14, and for meritorious conduct was
promoted to the rank of brigadier-general
of militia. He died Sept. 30, 1845, in Har-
risburg, Pa.
STEELE, JOEL DORMAN, educator,
author, was born May 14, 1836, in Lima,
N. Y. He was a prominent educator of
Elmira, N. Y., who published Barnes's
History of the United States and a se
ries of text-books on the sciences, each
intended for a course of study of four
teen weeks, including Natural Philosophy;
Geology; Human Physiology; Zoology;
and Chemistry. He died May 25, 1886, in
Elmira, N. Y.
STEELE, JOHN, soldier, state senator,
was born Aug. 15, 1758, in Lancaster
county, Pa. In 1801 he was elected state
senator, but, as he held a United States
appointment, his seat was declared va
cant. In 1804 he was elected state senator
and in 1805 became speaker of that body.
He also held the rank of brigadier-general
in the Pennsylvania militia.
STEELE, JOHN, agriculturist, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Nov. 1,
1764, in Salisbury, N. C. He served a
number of years in the North Carolina
state legislature, part of the time as
speaker, and was a representative in con
gress from North Carolina from 1790 to
1793. In 1806 he was a commissioner to
adjust the boundaries between the states
of North and South Carolina. He was
a general of the militia; held the office of
first comptroller of the treasury under
Presidents Washington and Adams, and
in 1814 was again elected to the legis
lature. He died Aug. 14, 1815, in Salis
bury, N. C.
STEELE, JOHN B., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born March 28, 1814, in
Delhi, N. Y. In 1841 he was appointed
district attorney for Otsego county, N. Y.
In 1847 he moved to Kingston, and in 1850
he was elected special judge of that coun
ty. In 1860 he was elected a representa
tive from New York to the thirty-sev
enth congress, and was re-elected to the
thirty-eighth congress. He was accident
ally killed Sept. 24, 1866, in Kingston,
N. Y.
STEELE, JOHN H., governor, was born
in 1792 in North Carolina. He was gov
ernor of New Hampshire from 1844 to
1846. He died July 3, 1865, in Peterbor
ough, N. H.
STEELE, JOHN N., congressman, was
born in Maryland. He was a presidential
elector in 1832, and was a representative
in congress from Maryland from 1835 to
1837.
STEELE, THOMAS SEDGWICK, au
thor, was born in 1845 in Connecticut.
He is the author of Canoe and Camera:
a Tour Through the Maine Forests; Pad
dle and Portage from Moosehead Lake to
the Aroostook River; and A Voyage to
Vikingland.
STEELE, WALTER LEAK, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born
April 18, 1823, in Steele's Mills (now Lit
tle's Mills), N. C. He was elected to the
North Carolina state house of commons
in 1846, 1848, 1850 and 1854, and to the
state senate in 1852 and 1858. He was
elected a representative from North Caro
lina to the forty-fifth and forty-sixth con
gresses as a democrat, and declined a
renomination.
STEELE, WILLIAM G., merchant,
banker, congressman, was born Dec. 17,
1820, in Somerset county, N. J. He was
for several years a state director for the
Delaware and Raritan canal, and the
Camden and Amboy Railroad company.
He was elected a representative from New
Jersey to the thirty-seventh congress, and
was re-elected to the thirty-eighth con
gress.
886
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STEELE, WILLIAM R., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 24, 1824, in
New York city. He was elected to the
legislative council of Wyoming territory
in 1871, was elected to the forty-third
congress as the delegate from the territory
of Wyoming, and was re-elected to the
forty-fourth congress as a democrat.
STEENDAM, JACOB, poet, was born in
1616 in Holland. He is the earliest poet
of New York. He was in the employ of
the Dutch West India company, and lived
in New Amsterdam, now New York,
from 1650 to 1663, about which time he
returned to Holland. The place and date
of his death are unknown. His four small
volumes of verse include: The Thistle
Finch; The Complaint of New Amster
dam; The Praise of New Netherland; and
Spurring Verses.
STEENERSON, HALVOR, lawyer, leg
islator, was born June 30, 1852, in Dane
county, Wis. He is a successful lawyer
of Crookston, Minn.; has been county at
torney; city attorney and a member of
the board of education. He served with
distinction as a state senator in the Min
nesota legislature.
STEENROD, LEWIS, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was elected a rep
resentative in congress from Virginia,
serving from 1839 to 1845.
STEENSTRA, PETER HENRY, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born Jan. 24,
1833, in Netherlands. He is an episcopal
clergyman of Cambridge, Mass., and pro
fessor of Old Testament criticism and in
terpretation in the Episcopal Theological
school from 1867. He is the author of
The Being of God as Unity and Trinity.
STEERE, WARREN BURLINGHAM,
physician, surgeon, was born Dec. 9, 1832,
in Otsego county, N. Y. He received his
education in the pub
lic schools; attend
ed the medical de
partment of the
Michigan university;
the Eclectic Medical
college of Philadel
phia, and the Col
lege of Physicians
anil Surgeons of
Keokuk, Iowa. For
fourteen years he
was United States
examining surgeon;
was professor of obstetrics in the medi
cal department of the Drake university,
and for six years was professor of materia
medica and therapeutics in the Iowa Ec
lectic Medical college. He is one of the
foremost physicians and surgeons of Iowa
at Des Moines.
STEIGER, ERNST, bibliographer, pub
lisher, author, was born in 1832 in Sax
ony. He is a bibliographer and publisher
of New York city, and the author of Der
Nachdruck in Nordamerika; Das Copy
right Law in den Vereinigten Staaten;
and Periodical Literature, a bibliography.
STEINBACH, JOHN A., soldier, con
tractor, was born Jan. 28, 1847, in Bethel,
Mo. He served as a soldier in the civil
war and was promoted to first lieutenant
United States volunteers. He is a suc
cessful contractor and business man, and
has been mayor of Quincy, 111.
STEINER, LEWIS H., physician, edu
cator, author, was born May 4, 1827, in
Frederick, Md. He was chief inspector in
the army of the Potomac, of United States
sanitary commission; and was the state
senator for twelve years from Frederick
county, Md. He was the first librarian
of the Enoch Pratt free library of Balti
more, and is the author of a number of
scientific and religious works.
STEINWAY, ALBERT, was born June
10, 1840, in Germany. Early in the civil
war he was advanced to the colonelcy of
the sixth regiment of New York volun
teers, and later became brigadier-general.
He died May 14, 1877, in New York city.
STEINWAY, C. F. THEODORE, piano
manufacturer, was born Nov. 6, 1825, in
Germany. He came to America in 1849
with his father, Henry E. Steinway, and
was associated with his father in the great
manufacturing house of Steinway and
Sons, until his death.
STEINWAY, HENRY ENGELHARD,
founder of the great piano manufacturing
house of Steinway and Sons, was born
Feb. 15, 1797, in North Germany. He
came to America in 1849, and in 1853
founded the house of Steinway and Sons
in New York city. They also own large
warerooms, and in 1866 built Steinway
Hall. He died Feb. 7, 1871, in New York
city.
STEINWAY, WILLIAM, piano manu
facturer, and president of Steinway and
Sons, was born March 5, 1836, near the
city of Brunswick,
Germany. In 1853
he joined his father
and his brothers In
the founding of the
house of Steinway
and Sons. With four
or five workmen, the
Steinways built one
square piano a week,
and to-day they own
and operate the larg
est piano factory in
the world, having
manufactured over one hundred thousand
pianos since they first entered the busi
ness in America. William Steinway has
taken an active part in the public affairs
of New York city; was a democratic elect
or in 1892; and the following year was
unanimously elected president of the elec
toral college. As rapid transit commis
sioner of the city of New York he became
very popular.
STELLHORN, FREDERICK WILLIAM,
clergyman, educator, author, was born in
1841 in Germany. He is a lutheran cler
gyman of Ohio, professor of theology in
Capitol university, and has published a
Lexicon of New Testament Greek; Anno
tations on the Acts of the Apostles; and
Annotations on the Gospels.
STEMBEL, ROGER NELSON, naval of
ficer, was born Dec. 27, 1810, in Middle-
town, Md. He co-operated with the army
in suppressing the
rising of the Semi-
nole Indians in Flo
rida in 1836; and
did brilliant service
in the Mexican war
of 1846. In the civil
war he was instru
mental in organizing
the union gunboat
flotilla on the west
ern waters, and was
in command of the
gunboat Lexington
at the battle of Belmont. He assisted
in the capture of Fort Henry, command
ing the gunboat Cincinnati, where he had
the honor of receiving the surrender of
the fort, and of hoisting Old Glory for
the first time over southern territory. He
was in command of the same gunboat dur
ing the protracted bombardment and final
capture of island No. 10 on the Mississippi
river, and while still in command of the
Cincinnati he was seriously and almost
mortally wounded by a rifle ball passing
through his throat during the bombard
ment of Fort Pillow. This wound in
valided him for nearly two years, when he
again was connected with the western
gunboat flotilla until the close of the war.
He is now on the retired list as rear-ad
miral United States navy.
STENGER, WILLIAM S., lawyer, jour
nalist, congressman, was born Feb. 13,
1840, in London, Pa. He served as dis
trict attorney for Franklin county, Pa.,
and in 1874 was elected a representative
from Pennsylvania to the forty-fourth
congress, and was re-elected to the forty-
fifth congress as a democrat.
STEPHEN, ADAM, soldier, was born
about 1730 in Virginia. He was made a
brigadier-general in 1776, and in 1777 was.
promoted major-general.
STEPHEN, MRS. ELIZABETH (WILL-
ISDN), author, was born in 1856 in Ala
bama. She is the wife of a presbyterian
clergyman in Rockport, 111., and the au
thor of The Confessions of Two, a novel.
STEPHEN, HARLAN E., poet. He is a
successful writer of Iowa, and the author
of a number of meritorious poems. He
has taken an active part in the public
affairs of his county and state, and has
filled a number of local offices in Glen-
wood.
STEPHENS, ABRAHAM P., congress
man, was born in New York. He was
elected a representative in congress from
that state from 1851 to 1853.
STEPHENS, ALEXANDER HAMIL
TON, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, author, was born Feb. 11, 1812, in
Crawfordsville, Ga. In 1836 he was elect
ed to the lower house of the Georgia state
legislature, where he served five years;
and in 1842 was elected to the senate of
his state. In 1843 he was elected a rep
resentative in congress from Georgia, to.
which position he was regularly re-elected
to the close of the thirty-fifth congress.
He became identified with the rebellion of
1861, and was chosen vice-president and
member of congress of the so-called
southern confederacy. In 1866 he was
elected a senator in congress, but was
not admitted, a,nd was subsequently elect
ed a representative to the forty-third,
forty-fourth, forty-fifth, forty-sixth and
forty-seventh congresses. In 1882 he was
elected governor of Georgia. He was the
author of School History of the United
States; History of the War Between the
States; and Compendium of United States
History. He died March 4, 1883, in At
lanta, Ga.
STEPHENS, ALICE BARKER, artist,,
was born in 1858, in New Jersey. For
many years she was engaged in wood
engraving and as an illustrator for Har
per's, Century and other leading maga
zines. For three years she taught por
trait and life classes in the Philadelphia
School of Design for Women.
STEPHENS, MRS. ANN SOPHIA
(WINTERBOTHAM), author, poet, was
born in 1813 in Derby, Conn. She was a
novelist of New York city whose books
were at one time much read. Among
them are, Fashion and Famine, her best
work; A Story of Western Life; The Old
Homestead; Myra, the Child of Adoption;
The Heiress; Wives and Widows; The
Curse of Gold; and A Popular History of
the United States. She wrote not a little-
verse, her best known poem being the
familiar Polish Boy. She died Aug. 20,.
1886, in Newport, R. I.
STEPHENS, HARRIET MARION, au
thor, was born in 1823. She was the au
thor of Home Scenes and Home Sounds;
and Hagar the Martyr, a novel. She died
in 1858 in East Hampden, Maine.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
887
STEPHENS, HENRY LOUIS, book-il
lustrator, was born Feb. 11, 1824, in Phil
adelphia. He was well known as a cari
caturist, excelling especially in the hu
morous delineation of animals, and drew
cartoons and sketches for Vanity Fair;
Mrs. Grundy; Punchinello; and other
periodicals. He died Dec. 13, 1882, in
Bayonne, N. J.
STEPHENS, JAMES ATTISON, lawyer,
business man, was born Jan. 18, 1869, near
Buchanan, Texas. He has had a very
varied career, and is now a prominent
lawyer of Benjamin, Texas, where he is
also engaged in real estate, and is prom
inent in the public affairs of his cily,
county and state.
STEPHENS, JOHN H., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born in Shel
by county, Texas. He graduated from the
law department of
Cumberland univer
sity of Lebanon,
Tenn., in 1872. and
has practiced law
since at Montague,
Montague county,
and Vernon. Wil-
barger county, Tex.
He served as state
senator in the twen
ty-first and twenty-
second legislatures
of Texas, and was
elected to the fifty-fifth congress as a
democrat.
STEPHENS, JOHN PHARES, farmer,
clergyman, legislator, author, was born
Sept. 28, 1836, near Manilla, Ind. In
1860 he was ordained a pastor of the bap
tist church, and has since filled import
ant pastorates in Ohio and Kansas; and
is now filling a pastorate in the baptist
church at Wellsville, Kan. In 1891 he
served with distinction as a representa
tive in the Kansas state legislature; is
a prominent member of the Farmers'
Alliance, and is the author of several
works.
STEPHENS, LINTON, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born July 1,
1823, in Crawfordsville, Ga. He repre
sented the counties of Taliaferro and Han
cock in the legislature for several years.
In 1858 he was appointed to a vacancy
in the supreme court of Georgia, and his
decisions, contained in three volumes 01
the Georgia Reports, are characterized by
their precision, perspicuity, and power of
logic. He died July 14, 1872, in Sparta,
Ga.
STEPHENS, PHILANDER, congress
man. He was a member of the house
of representatives in congress from Penn
sylvania from 1829 to 1833. He died July
8, 1842, in Springfield, Pa.
STEPHENS, THOMAS, author. He was
the author of The Castle Builder, or the
History of William Stephens, of the Isle
of Wight.
STEPHENS, URIAH S., was born Aug.
3, 1821, near Cape May, N. J. He was
one of the founders of the order of the
Knights of Labor. He died Feb. 13, 1882.
STEPHENS, WILLIAM, governor, was
born Jan. 22, 1671, in England. He was
a colonial governor of Georgia in 1743-50,
who published a Journal of the Proceed
ings in Georgia. He died in August, 1753,
in Georgia.
STEPHENS, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
was a citizen of Georgia. In 1801 he was
appointed judge of the United States dis
trict court for the district of Georgia.
STEPHENSON, BENJAMIN, congress
man. He was a delegate in congress from
Illinois territory from 1814 to 1816, when
he was appointed receiver of public mon
eys at Edwardsville, 111.
STEPHENSON, ISAAC, merchant, state
legislator, congressman, was born June
18, 1826, near Frederickton, N. B. In 1845
he moved to Milwaukee, Wis., and in
1858 removed to Marinette. He held vari
ous local offices, and was a representative
in the state legislature in 1866 and 1868.
He was elected a representative from
Wisconsin to the forty-eighth congress;
was re-elected to the forty-ninth and fif
tieth congresses as a republican.
STEPHENSON, JAMES, soldier, state
legislator, congressman, was born March
20, 1764, in Gettysburg, Pa. He command
ed a company in the campaign of General
St. Clair; was present at the quelling of
the whisky insurrection in Pennsylvania,
and was promoted to the office of brigade
inspector. He served for many years as
a delegate to the Virginia assembly; and
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1803 to 1805, from 1809
to 1811, and again from 1822 to 1825. He
died in August, 1833.
STEPHENSON, JAMES S., congress
man, was born in York county, Pa. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1825 to 1829. He died
Oct. 17, 1831, in Pittsburg, Pa.
STEPHENSON, LUTHER, soldier, au
thor, was born April 25, 1830, in Hing-
ham, Mass. He served in the civil war at
taining the rank of lieutenant-colonel;
and is also author and composer of a
number of patriotic songs.
STEPHENSON, SAMUEL M., agricult
urist, merchant, state senator, congress
man, was born in 1831 in New Brunswick.
He was chairman of the board of super
visors of Menominee county for several
years; was a representative in the Mich
igan state legislature in 1877-78, and a
member of the senate in 1879-80 and 1885-
86. He was elected to the fifty-first, fifty-
second, and fifty-third congresses and re-
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
bTEPHENSON, WILLIAM WORTH,
lawyer, legislator, was born Oct. 24, 1857,
in Madison county, N. Y. He received a
thorough education
in the Daughters col
lege, Kentucky uni
versity and the
Bethany college of
West Virginia, from
which latter institu
tion he received the
degrees of A. B. and
A. M. In 1879-80 he
was principal of the
Harrodsburg acad-
emy. In 1881 he was
admitted to the bar;
and has given his chief attention to the
practice of law, and is now one of the
foremost lawyers of the south at Harrods
burg. In 1889 he was elected a member
of the Kentucky state legislature; re-
elected in 1891 and served in the long
session of 1891-93 as a member of the
judiciary and other committees. In 1893
he was elected to the state senate and
served in the sessions of 1894, 1896 and
1897, and took an active part in the de
liberations of those assemblies. In 1896
he was a delegate to the convention of
national democrats at Indianapolis; and
has always taken a deep interest in po
litical affairs.
STERIGERE, JOHN B., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Montgomery county, Pa., from 1827 to
1831.
STERLING, ANSEL, congressman, was
born in New London county, Conn. He
was a representative in congress from
that state from 1821 to 1825.
STERLING, MICAH, state legislator,
congressman, was born in 1781 in Lyme,
Conn. He was for some years a member
of the New York legislature; and was
a representative in congress from 1821
to 1823. He died April 10, 1844, in Water-
town, N. Y.
STERLING, RICHARD, educator, au
thor, was born in 1812 in Ireland. He
prepared a series of school-readers and
spelling-books that came into general
use throughout the southern and south
western states. In 1873 he opened a
boarding-school in Evansville, Ind., and
in 1875 removed to Mocksville, N. C.,
where he kept a similar school till 1880,
when he was elected superintendent of
the public schools of the county. He died
Oct. 3, 1883, in Mocksville, N. C.
STERN, SIMON ADLER, author, was
born in 1838 in Pennsylvania. He is the
author of Florentine Nights; Excerpts;
and Jottings of Travel in uhina and
Japan.
STERNBERG, GEORGE MILLER, sur
geon, author, was born June 8, 1838, in Ot-
sego county, N. Y. In 1861 he was ap
pointed assistant-surgeon in the United
States army; captain and assistant-sur
geon in 1866; major and surgeon in
1875; lieutenant-colonel and deputy sur
geon-general in 1891; and brigadier-gen
eral and surgeon-general in 1893. He is
the author of Photo-Micrographs; Ma
laria and Malarial Diseases; Bacteria,
from the French of Maguin; Immunity:
Protective Inoculations in Infectious Di
seases; and Manual of Bacteriology.
STERNE, SIMON, lawyer, author, was
born July 23, 1839, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He studied at the university of Pennsyl
vania, and also at
the university of
Heidelberg, and was
admitted to the bar
at Philadelphia in
1859, and to the bar
at New York in 1860,
at which latter place
he has since been
practicing his pro
fession. He deliv
ered many addresses
on politico-econom
ical subjects. In 1870
wrote Representative Government, and in
1881 Constitutional Development and Po
litical History of the United States, and
contributed a number of articles to La-
lor's Cyclopaedia of Political Science and
United States History. He was appoint
ed by Gov. Tilden in 1875 on the com
mission to devise a plan for the govern
ment of the cities of New York, and in
1884 was commissioned by President
Cleveland to report on the relation of the
railways of western Europe to their gov
ernments. In 1895 he was appointed by
Gov. Morton as one of a commission to
recommend changes in methods of legis
lation. He has been counsel for many
prominent bankers, private corporations
and railway companies, and is regarded
as one of the leading corporation lawyers
in New York. On June 8, 1870, he mar
ried Mathilde Elsberg, sister of the late
Prof. Louis Elsberg, the celebrated
laryngologist, and has one child, Alice L.
Sterne.
STERRETT, JOHN ROBERT SITLING-
TON, educator, author, was born in 1851
in Virginia. He is a professor of Greek
at Amherst college from 1892; and the
author of Qua in re Hymni Homerici
quinque majores inter se differunt; In
scriptions of Assos; Epigraphical Jour
ney in Asia Minor; and The Wolfe Expe
dition to Asia Minor.
88S
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STERRETT, SAMUEL, congressman.
He was a member of the house of repre
sentatives of the United States from
Maryland from 1791 to 1793. «e died
July 12, 1833, in Baltimore, Md.
STETEFELDT, CARL AUGUST, civil
engineer, inventor, author, was born Sept.
28, 1838, in Germany. He is widely Known
through the mining districts by his in
vention of the Stetefeldt furnace, which
is extensively used in the west for the
roasting of silver ores preparatory to the
extraction of the metal by either amalga
mation or lixiviation. Besides technical
papers he has written The Lixiviation of
Silver Ores with Hyposulphite Solutions.
STETSON, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Nov. 7, 1801, in
New Ipswich, N. H. In 1834 he was ap
pointed judge of the municipal court of
Bangor, Maine. In 1845 he was elected
a member of the executive council of the
state; and re-elected three years in suc
cession. In 1848 he was elected a repre
sentative from Maine to the thirty-first
congress. He died March 27, 1883, in
Bangor, Maine.
STETSON, JAMES BURGESS, mer
chant, railroad president, was born March
27, 1831, in Kingston, Mass. He is presi
dent and general manager of The North
Pacific Coast railroad and The California
Street Cable railroad in San Francisco
and has banking and industrial interests.
He has been supervisor for two years in
San Francisco.
STETSON, JOHN BATTERSON, manu
facturer, was born May 5, 1830, in Orange,
N. J. He is president of the John B. Stet
son company, in Philadelphia, Pa.
An interesting feature of the Stetson
factories is the amount of space set
apart for the entertainment of op
eratives. There are reading rooms, a
parlor, a hall which will seat two thou
sand persons, a library, a dispensary, and
an armory, and he has also promoted the
formation of a Sunday school and vari
ous literary and other societies.
STETSON. LEMUEL, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman. He served
three years in the assembly of New York;
and was a representative in congress from
1843 to 1845. He was county judge of
Clinton county from 1847 to 1851.
STEUART, GEORGE H., soldier, was
born Aug. 24, 1828, in Baltimore, Md. In
1862 he became brigadier-general. He
defended the bloody angle at the battle of
the Wilderness against Hancock's corps,
and was taken prisoner, but exchanged in
the winter of 1864-65. Since the war he
has resided in Baltimore.
STEUART, JAMES ALOYSIUS, physi
cian, was born April 3, 1828, in Balti
more, Md. He established himself in
practice in Baltimore, and became phy
sician to the city general dispensary, and
assistant physician to the Maryland hos
pital for the insane. Since 1875 he has
been health commissioner, registrar of
vital statistics, and president of the city
board of health.
STEUART, RICHARD SPRIGG, physi
cian, was born Nov. 1, 1797, in Baltimore,
Md. Beginning practice in Baltimore, he
was elected in 1828 president of the Mary
land hospital for the insane, which he re
organized, and of which he was presi
dent till his death. He died July 13, 1876,
in Baltimore, Md.
STEVENS, AARON FLETCHER, sol
dier, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born Aug. 9, 1819, in Derry,
N. H. In 1849 he was elected to the New
Hampshire state legislature; was re-
elected, and served five years as a state
solicitor. In 1861 he entered the volun
teer army as major in the first New
Hampshire infantry, and for his gallantry
was brevetted a brigadier-general. He
was elected a representative from New
Hampshire to the fortieth and forty-first
congresses as a republican. He died May
10, 1887, in Nashua, N. H.
STEVENS, ABEL, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 19, 1815, in Philadelphia.
He is a methodist clergyman of New York
city of prominence as a writer, and long
connected with the Methodist Book Con
cern. He is the author of History of the
Methodist Episcopal Church in the United
States; History of Methodism; Life of
Madame de Stael; Life of Nathan Bangs;
Character Sketches; Women of Method
ism; Christian Work and Consolation;
Church Polity; and Tales from the Par
sonage.
STEVENS, ALEXANDER HODGDON,
surgeon, author, was born Sept. 4, 1789.
in New York city. He was a surgeon of
New York city, whose chief works are,
Inflammation of the Eye; Lectures on
Lithotomy; and First Lines of Surgery.
He died March 30, 1869, in New York
city.
STEVENS, AUGUSTA DE GRASSE, art
critic, author, was born in 186 — in New
York. He is a novelist and art critic
who has lived in London for many years;
and is the author of Distance, a novelette;
Old Boston, an American Historical Ro
mance; Weighed in the Balance; The
Lost Dauphin; Miss Hildreth; The Sen
sation of the Season; and A Romantic
Inheritance.
STEVENS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
bibliographer, author, was born Feb. 19,
1833, in Barnet, Vt. He is a bibliographer
who has edited Campaign in Virginia in
1781; and Facsimiles of Manuscripts in
European Archives Relating to America,
1773-83.
STEVENS, BRADFORD N., educator,
congressman, was born Jan. 3, 1813, in
Boscawen, N. H. He was elected a repre:
sentative from Illinois to the forty-second
congress as an independent democrat.
STEVENS, CHARLES ASBURY, au
thor, was born in October, 1845, in Nor
way. Since 1870 he has devoted himself
to literary labor, contributing to the peri
odical press and to the preparation of
books for youthful readers, with the titles
Camping Out; Left on Labrador; Off to
the Geysers; On the Amazon; Lynx
Hunting; Fox Hunting; and The Moose
Hunters. He is one of the editors of
the Youth's Companion.
Si EVENS, CHARLES ELLIS, clergy
man, author, was born July 5, 1853, in
Boston, Mass. He is an episcopal clergy
man of Philadelphia; and the author of
The Sources of the Constitution of the
United States in Relation to Colonial and
English History.
STEVENS. CHARLES FORD, railroad
president, was born June 21, 1850, in
Geneva, N. Y. He is president of the
Central railway of New Brunswick at
Philadelphia, Pa.
STEVENS. EDWARD, soldier, was born
about 1745, in Culpeper county, Va. He
served through the revolutionary war,
and attained the rank of brigadier-gen
eral. He died Aug. 17, 1820, in Culpeper
county, Va.
STEVENS, FREDERICK CLEMENT,
lawyer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Jan. 1, 1861, in Boston, Mass. He
was admitted to the bar in 1884, and com
menced practice in St. Paul. He was
elected to the state legislature of Min
nesota in sessions of 1888-89 and 1890-91;
and was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
STEVENS, GEORGE BARKER, cler
gyman, educator, author, was born July
13, 1854, in Spencer, N. Y. He is a congre
gational clergyman and educator of New
Haven, and professor in Yale Divinity
school from 1886. He is the author of
Commentary on Galatians; The Pauline
Theology; The Johannine Theology; and
Doctrine and Life.
STEVENS, H. S., state legislator, con
gressman, was born in 1832 in Weston, Vt.
In 1856 he located in that portion now
Arizona; and was a representative in
the territorial legislature of Arizona from
1868 to 1873. He was elected a delegate
from Arizona to the forty-fourth and
forty-fifth congresses.
STEVENS, HENRY, antiquary, state
legislator, was born Dec. 13, 1791, in Bar-
net, Vt. He was the founder and first
president of the Vermont Historical so
ciety. The most valuable part of his col
lection was placed for safe-keeping in the
state house at Montpelier, where in 1857
it was burned. He was a member of the
legislature for two terms. He died July
30, 1867, in Barnet, Vt.
STEVENS, HENRY, bibliographer, au
thor, was born Aug. 24, 1819, in Barnet,
Vt. He was a bibliographer of prom
inence, who lived in London after 1845;
and the author of Historical Nuggets;
Historical Collections; Recollections of
James Lenox; The Tehuantepec Railway;
Historical and Geographical Notes; The
Bibles in the Caxton Exhibition; Cata
logue of the American Books in the Brit
ish Museum; and indexes to state papers
in London relating to Virginia, Maryland,
Rhode Island, and New Jersey. He died
Feb. 24, 1886, in England.
STEVENS, HESTOR L., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in October, 1803, in
Lima, N. Y. He moved to Michigan; and
was elected a representative in congress
from that state from 1853 to 1855. He
died May 7, 1864, in Georgetown, D. C.
STEVENS, ISAAC INGALLS. soldier,
civil engineer, governor, was born March
28, 1818, in Andover, Mass. He was at
the siege of Vera
Cruz under General
Scott; fought in
several subsequent
battles; and was
twice brevetted for
gallant services. He
served for a time as
an assistant in the
coast survey office in
Washington city;
and in 1853 was ap-
pointed governor
and superintendent
of Indian affairs for the territory of
Washington. In 1857 he was elected a
delegate to congress from Washington
territory, where he continued to serve
until the breaking out of the rebellion.
When governor of Washington territory
he traveled throughout its whole extent;
and as commissioner made many treaties
with the Indian tribes. In 1861 he was
appointed a brigadier-general in the vol
unteer service. He was killed in the
battle of Bull Run Sept. 1, 1862, near
Chantilly, Va.
STEVENS, JAMES, congressman, was
born in 1768 in Fairfield, Conn. He
served in congress as a representative
from Connecticut from 1819 to 1821, vot
ing with the south on the Missouri com
promise. In 1822 he was appointed post
master of Stamford. He died in April,
1835, in Stamford, Conn.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
889
STEVENS, JAMES ALEXANDER, law
yer, was born Jan. 29, 1790, in New York
city. In connection with Thomas Gib
bons, he established the Union steamboat
line between New York and Philadelphia,
which led to the suit of Ogden vs. Gib
bons, memorable for the decision that
placed all the navigable waters of the
United States under the jurisdiction of
the general government. He died Oct. 7,
1873, in Hoboken, N. J.
STEVENS, JOHN, civil engineer, was
born in 1749 in New York city. In 1776-
79 he was treasurer of New Jersey. In
1804 he built a vessel propelled by twin
screws that navigated the Hudson; and
the engine and boiler of this steamboat
are preserved in the Stevens institute of
Hoboken, N. J.
STEVENS, JOHN AUSTIN, author, was
born Jan. 21, 1827, in New York city.
He is an author of New York city, and
later of Newport, R. I., who founded the
(Magazine of American History; The
Valley of the Rio Grande; The Expedi
tion of Lafayette against Arnold; and
Life of Albert Gallatin.
STEVENS, JOHN COX, was born Sept.
24, 1785. He was from his youth a de
voted yachtsman. He organized the New
York Yacht club, was its first commo
dore, and commanded the America in the
memorable race in England in 1851. He
died June 13, 1857, in Hoboken, N. J.
STEVENS, JOHN LEAVITT, clergy
man, journalist, state senator, author, was
born Aug. 1, 1820, in Mt. Vernon, Maine.
He became associated with James G.
Elaine in the ownership and management
of the Kennebec Journal newspaper of
Augusta, Maine, in which he continued
for thirteen years as editor-in-chief. He
served five years in the state legislature,
three years in the lower house, and two
years in the senate. He was United States
minister to Uruguay and Paraguay from
1870 to 1873. In 1877 he was appointed
United States minister to Sweden and
Norway, which post he resigned in 1883.
He was the author of History of Gustavus
Adolphus. He died in 1895.
STEVENS, LILLIAN M. N., educator,
reformer, was born in 1844 in Maine.
In 1898 she became president of the
Woman's Christian Temperance union.
STEVENS, MOSES T.. manufacturer,
banker, state senator, congressman, was
born Oct. 10, 1825, in North Andover,
Mass. Since 1843 he has been engaged
in the manufacture of woolen goods
in North Andover. He was a member of
the Massachusetts house of representa
tives in 1861; and of the senate in 1868.
He is president of Andover National
bank; and was elected to the fifty-second
and re-elected to the fifty-third congress
as a democrat.
STEVENS, ROBERT LIVINGSTON,
builder, was born Oct. 18, 1787, in Ho
boken, N. J. In 1842 he built the first
ironclad steamboat. He died April 20,
1856, in Hoboken, N. J.
STEVENS, ROBERT S., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 27, 1824, in
Attica, N. Y. He removed to Missouri in
1870, and engaged in the construction and
management of railroads. In 1879 he re
turned to his native place and settled
there; and was elected a representative
from New York to the forty-eighth con
gress as a democrat. He served on nu
merous important committees while a
member of congress.
STEVENS, SAMUEL, governor. He
was governor of Maryland from 1822 to
1826.
STEVENS, THADDEUS, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born April
4, 1792, in Danville, Vt. In 1833 he was
elected to the Penn
sylvania state legis
lature, and was
again elected in 1834,
1835, 1837, and 1841.
In 1836 he was elect
ed a member of the
convention to revise
the state constitu
tion; and in 1838
was appointed a ca
nal commissioner.
In 1842 he moved to
Lancaster, Pa.; was
elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the thirty-first, thirty-sec
ond, thirty-sixth, thirty-seventh, thirty-
eighth, thirty-ninth, and fortieth con
gresses. He was also one of the man
agers in the impeachment trial of Presi
dent Andrew Johnson. He died Aug. 11,
1868, in Washington, D. C.
STEVENS, THADDEUS MORRELL,
journalist, physician, educator, author,
was born Aug. 29, 1830, in Indianapolis,
Ind. He was professor of medical juris
prudence and toxicology in the Indiana
Medical college and in the college of
Physicians and Surgeons at Indianapolis.
His publications include brochures on
Expert Testimony; State Boards of
Health; and Automatic Filtration. He
died Nov. 8, 1885, in Indianapolis, Ind.
STEVENS, THOMAS, cyclist, author,
was born Dec. 24, 1855, in England. He is
a noted cyclist who has published Scout
ing for Stanley in East Africa; Around
the World on a Bicycle: From San Fran
cisco to Teheran, From Teheran to Yoko
hama; and Through Russia on a Mus
tang.
STEVENS, THOMAS HOLDUP, naval
officer, was born May 27, 1819, in Middle-
town, Conn. In 1836 he was appointed
a midshipman; and served with distinc
tion through the civil war.
STE\ENS, WALTER HUSTED, sol
dier, civil engineer, was born Aug. 24,
1827, in Penn Yan, N. Y. In 1862 he
attained the rank of brigadier-general on
the staff of Gen. Bragg. He was subse
quently chief engineer of the railroad
from Vera Cruz to Mexico. He died in
December, 1867, in Iberville, La.
STEVENS, WALTER LE CONTE, phy
sicist, educator, inventor, author, was
born June 17, 1847, in Gordon county,
Ga. He was called in 1882 to the chair
of mathematics and physics in Packer
Collegiate institute in Brooklyn. In con
nection with his class-work he has in
vented various improved forms of physic
al apparatus, of which his organ-pipe
sonometer and reversible stereoscope are
the best known, descriptions of which
have been published in the American
Journal of Science.
STEVENS, WILLIAM BACON, bishop,
was born July 13, 1815, in Bath, Maine.
He was the fourth protestant episcopal
bishop of Pennsylvania, consecrated in
1862; and the author of History of
Georgia; The Bow in the Cloud; Ser
mons; Sabbaths of Our Lord; Parables
of the New Testament Unfolded; History
of Silk Culture in Georgia; and The Sun
day at Home. He died June 11, 1887, in
Philadelphia, Pa.
STEVENSON, ADLAI E., vice-presi
dent of the United States, was born Oct.
23, 1835, in Christian county, Ky. He
moved in 1869 to Bloomington, 111., where
he has since resided. He was a member
of the forty-fourth and forty-sixth con
gresses. He was first assistant post
master-general from 1885 to 1889. He
was nominated for vice-president by the
democratic national convention in 1892;
and was duly elected, and took the oath
of office on March 4. 1893.
STEVENSON, ANDREW, agriculturist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
in 1784 in Culpeper county, Va. He was
a member of the Virginia state legislature
where for several sessions he was elected
speaker of the house. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Virginia from
1821 to 1834; and during the twentieth,
twenty-first, and twenty-second con
gresses from 1828 to 1834 was speaker of
the house. In 1836 he was appointed
minister to Great Britain, and remained
there until 1841. He died Jan. 25, 1857,
in Blenheim, Va.
STEVENSON, CHARLES COBURN, ed
ucator, lawyer, public official, was born
Nov. 29, 1862, in Red Bluff, Cal. He re
ceived a thorough education in the public
schools of California and Idaho; attended
St. Matthew's Hall Military academy of
San Mateo; Sockett's school of Oakland;
and the university of Michigan. He has
been county superintendent of schools ahd
county attorney for Ada county, Idaho;
territorial superintendent of public in
struction of Idaho; and city attorney of
Boise, Idaho, where he is engaged in
the practice of law. He has been chief
clerk in the United States surveyor-gen
eral's office for Idaho; is prominent in
several fraternal orders; and historian
of the Idaho Historical society of Pi
oneers.
STEVENSON, EDWARD A., lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, gov
ernor, was born June 14, 1831, in Low-
ville, N. Y. In 1853 he was elected a
representative in the California legisla
ture; and was the only one of eight rep
resentatives from the same county who
was re-elected in 1854. In 1859 he was
again elected a representative in the leg
islature, and at the session of 1860 was
elected speaker pro tern, of the house.
In 1863 he removed to Boise county,
Idaho. In 1864 he was elected a justice
of the peace; and in 1866 was elected a
member of the territorial council of Idaho.
In 1874 he was elected a member of the
territorial assembly, and was unanimous
ly elected speaker of the assembly. In
1876 he was again elected to the terri
torial council for two years; and in 1885
was appointed governor of the territory
of Idaho.
STEVENSON, E[DWARD] IREN^ETJS,
litterateur, author, was born in 1858 in
New Jersey. He is a writer of New York
city, since 1881 the editor of The New
York Independent, and for many years an
editor of Harper's Weekly. He has been
the musical editor of several journals for
a number of years. He is the author of
White Cockades, an Incident of the Forty-
five; Janus, reissued as A Matter of Tem
perament, a musical novel; Left to Them
selves, reissued as Philip and Gerald;
Mrs. Dee's Encore; and A Square of
Sevens.
STEVENSON, JOB E.,^ lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Feb. 10,
1831, in Ross county, Ohio. He was so
licitor of Chillicothe, Ohio, from 1859 to
1862; and was a state senator from 1863
to 1865, when he removed to Cincinnati.
He was elected to the forty-first and forty-
second congresses as a republican.
STEVENSON, JOHN D., soldier, state
legislator, was born June 8, 1821, in
Staunton. Va. He was a member for sev
eral terms in the Missouri state legisla
ture from St. Louis. In 1861 he raised
the seventh Missouri regiment; and the
following year was made brigadier-gen
eral of volunteers.
890
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SiEVENSON, JOHN WHITE, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
May 4, 1812, in Richmond, Va. He was
elected to the Kentucky legislature ID
1845, 1846, and 1847. He was one of the
three commissioners appointed to revise
the civil and criminal code of Kentucky.
He was elected a representative to the
thirty-fifth congress from that state; and
was re-elected to the thirty-sixth con
gress. In 1867 he was elected lieutenant-
governor of Kentucky, and acted as gov
ernor. In 1871 he entered the United
States senate for the term ending in 1877.
He died Aug. 10, 1886, in Covington, Ky.
STEVENSON, SARAH HACKETT,
physician, author, was born Feb. 2, 1843,
in Buffalo Grove, 111. In 1876 she was a
delegate from the Illinois State Medical
society to the American Medical associa
tion at Philadelphia, and was the first
woman physician to be elected a member
of that body. She was one of the pro
moters of the Home for Incurables and
Training School for Nurses in Chicago,
and outside of her large practice has
found time to publish works on Biology,
in two volumes; and Physiology.
STEVENSON, THOMAS GREELY, sol
dier, was born Feb. 3, 1836, in Boston,
Mass. He successfully defended Wash
ington, N. C., against a superior force;
and became a brigadier-general. He was
killed at the head of his troops in the
battle of Spottsylvania. A memoir of
Gen. Stevenson was printed privately
after his death. He died May 10, 1864,
near Spottsylvania, Va.
STEVENSON, WILLIAM C., educator,
author, was born Dec. 25, 1864, in Vernon
county, Wis. He is a successful educator,
and since 1890 has been professor of
bookkeeping and penmanship in the Kan
sas State Normal school of Emporia, the
largest normal school in the world. He
is the author of a text-book on Book
keeping, which has been adopted for use
in all the schools of Kansas.
STEVENSON, WILLIAM E., governor.
He was governor of West Virginia from
1869 to 1871.
STEVENSON, WILLIAM H.. railroad
president, was born in 1847 in Bridge
port, Conn. In 1887 he was elected presi
dent of the New York, Rutland and Mon
treal railroad and director and trustee
of numerous other corporations.
STEWARD, LEWIS, manufacturer, con
gressman, was born Nov. 20, 1824, in
Wayne county, Pa. He has been engaged
in farming and manufacturing in Piano,
111.; and was democratic candidate for
governor in 1876. He was elected to the
fifty-second congress as a democrat He
died Aug. 27, 1896, in Piano, 111.
STEWART, ALEXANDER, lawyer, jur
ist. He was judge of the United States
for the territory of Illinois, and held the
position until the organization of the
state government in 1818.
STEWART, ALEXANDER, merchant,
congressman, was born Sept. 12, 1829, In
Canada. In 1849 he moved to where the
city of Wausau is now located, engaging
in the lumber business, which occupation
he has ever since followed. He was elect
ed to the fifty-fourth and re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
STEWART, ALEXANDER PETER,
soldier, educator, was born Oct. 2, 1821, in
Rogersville, Tenn. He became brigadier-
general in the confederate army in 1861,
major-general in 1863. and lieutenant-
general in 1864. In 1868 he became pro
fessor of mathematics and natural phi
losophy in the university of Mississippi,
and chancellor of the university.
STEWART, ALEXANDER TURNEY,
merchant, was born Oct. 12, 1802, in Ire
land. He was considered the greatest
merchant in the world. He is said to
have made his immense fortune by at-
tenuing to details, and following closely
the one priced system of merchandising
of which he was the father. He died
April 10, 1876, in New York city.
STEWART, ALVAN, reformer, was
born Sept. 1, 1790, in South Granville,
N. Y. He removed to Utica, N. Y. His
life was mainly given to the temperance
and the anti-slavery causes. A volume of
his speeches was published in 1860. He
died May 1, 1849, in New York city.
STEWART, ANDREW, agriculturist,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
June, 1792, in Fayette county, Pa. He was
elected to the Pennsylvania state legisla
ture, and served three years; and was
appointed by President Monroe district
attorney for western Pennsylvania. He
was a representative in congress from
1821 to 1829, from 1831 to 1835, and from
1843 to 1847.' He died July 16, 1872, in
Uniontown, Pa.
STEWART, ARCHIBALD, congress
man. He was a delegate from New Jer
sey to the continental congress in 1784
and 1785 to fill a temporary vacancy.
STEWART, AUSTIN, educator, author,
was born about 1793 in Prince William
county, Va. He was an author and edu
cator of African descent who published
Twenty-Two Years a Slave and Forty
Years a Freeman. He died about 1860.
STEWART, CHARLES, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1729 in Ireland.
He became a deputy surveyor-general of
the province of Pennsylvania. In 1777 he
was appointed by congress commissary-
general of issues in the continental army,
serving as such on Washington's staff
till the close of the war. In 1784-85 he
was a representative from New Jersey in
congress. He died July 24, 1800, in Flem-
ington, N. J.
STEWART, CHARLES, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born May 30,
1836, in Memphis, Tenn. In 1866 he
moved to Houston, Texas; was city at
torney in 1872; and served two terms as
a state senator. He was elected a repre
sentative from Texas to the forty-eighth,
forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first and fifty-
second congresses as a democrat.
STEWART, CHARLES SAMUEL, cler
gyman, author, was born Oct. 16, 1795, in
Flemington, N. J. He was a presbyterian
clergyman, chaplain in the navy; and the
author of Residence at the Sandwich
Islands in 1822-23; Visit to the South
Seas in the Ship Vincennes; Sketches of
Society in Great Britain and Ireland in
1832; Brazil and La Plata in 1850-63; and
Personal Record of a Cruise. He died
Dec. 15, 1870, in Cooperstown, N. Y.
STEWART, CHARLES SEAFORTH,
soldier, was born April 11, 1823, at sea.
He served during the civil war in the
corps of engineers, was made major in
1863, and was chief engineer of the mid
dle military division in 1864-65. He was
made lieutenant-colonel in 1867, colonel
in 1882, and was retired in 1886.
STEWART, CHASE, lawyer, legislator,
was born Oct. 26, 1856, in Yellow Springs,
Ohio. He is an able lawyer of Springfield,
Ohio; and for six years was prosecuting
attorney of his county. In 1895 he was
elected a member of the Ohio house of
representatives; and re-elected in 1897.
STEWART, DAVID, lawyer, United
States senator, was born Sept. 13, 1800, in
Baltimore, Md: He was a senator in con
gress from Maryland from 1849 to 1850 by
executive appointment to fill a vacancy.
He was commissioner of public buildings-
for the District of Columbia. He died Jan.
5, 1858, in Baltimore, Md.
STEWART, DAVID, clergyman, was
born May 16, 1809, in Warren county,
Ohio. In the civil war he was identified
with the various,
measures for the
support and comfort
of the soldiers.
While he was on a
mission of that kind
to the army at
Vicksburg, the citi
zens of Rush county
nominated him,
without his knowl
edge, to represent
them in the legisla
ture. Thus pressed
into the political field he made the can
vass, was elected in 1864, and re-elected in
1866 and 1S68.
STEWART, ELIZA D., philanthropist,
was born April 26, 1816, in Piketon, Ohio.
She organized the first Woman's union
in the great temperance cause; and is
the author of Memories of the Crusade;
and The Crusader in Great Britain.
STEWART, FERDINAND CAMPBELL,
physician, author, was born Aug. 10, 1815,
in Williamsburg, Va. He is a physician
of New York city who removed to Eng
land in 1855; and is the author of Hos
pitals and Surgeons of Paris.
STEWART, GEORGE H., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born Feb. 26, 1858, in.
Fayette county, Ind. He received a thor
ough education in the normal schools, and
graduated in law and the scientific course.
For four years he was prosecuting attor
ney of Frontier county, Neb.; was state
senator from Ada county in the second
session of the Idaho state legislature for
two years. He has been a trustee of the
state normal school of Albion, Idaho;
a member of the board of education of
Boise City; and since 1894 has been
judge of the district court for a term of
six years.
STEWART, GIDEON TABOR, lawyer,
journalist, prohibitionist, was born Aug.
7, 1824, in Johnstown, N. Y. In 1861 he
moved to Iowa, where he edited and pub
lished the Dubuque Daily Times during
the civil war. He has been elected three
times grand worthy chief Templar by the
Good Templars of Iowa, and has been
their nominee three times for governor,
seven times for supreme judge, once for
congress, and once for vice-president of
the United States.
STEWART, HARLON LINCOLN, jour
nalist, was born Dec. 12, 1861, in Nor-
walk, Ohio. He is editor and publisher
of the Norwalk Daily News in Norwalk,
Ohio.
STEWART, ISAAC A., lawyer, jurist,,
was born Jan. 10, 1854, in Knox county,
Ky. Since 1891 he has been judge of
the criminal court at De Land, Fla. He
is one of the largest orange growers in
his section.
STEWART, JACOB HENRY, surgeon,
congressman, was born Jan. 15, 1829, in
Clermont, N. Y. He was a member of
the Minnesota state senate in 1858 and
1859; and was surgeon-general of the-
state from 1857 to 1863. He was appoint
ed surgeon of the first Minnesota volun
teer infantry in 1861. He was surgeon of
the board of enrollment in 1864 and 1865.
He was postmaster of St. Paul from 1865
to 1870; and mayor of St. Paul in 1864,
1866, 1872, 1873 and 1874. He was elected
a representative from Minnesota to the
forty-fifth congress as a republican. He
died Aug. 25, 1844, in St. Paul, Minn.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
891
STEWART, JAMES, congressman, was
born in 1770. He was a representative in
congress from North Carolina during the
years 1818 and 1819. He died in Feb
ruary, 1822, in North Carolina.
STEWART, JAMES, physician, author,
was born April 7, 1799, in New York city.
He was a physician of New York city;
and the author of Diseases of Children;
and The Lungs. He died Sept. 12, 1864, in
Rye, N. Y.
STEWART, JAMES A., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Nov. 24, 1808, in Dorchester county, Md.
He served in the state legislature; and
was a judge of the circuit court of Mary
land. He was elected a representative
from Maryland to the thirty-fourth and
thirty-fifth congresses, and was re-elected
to the thirty-sixth congress.
STEWART, JAMES FLEMING, lawyer,
congressman, was born June 15, 1851, in
Paterson, N. J. He graduated at the Law
school of the uni
versity of New York
in 1870, taking the
first prize for best
examination. H e
practiced law in New
York city until 1875,
since which time he
has followed his pro
fession in his native
city. He was three
times appointed re
corder of Paterson,
the criminal magis
trate of the city, which office he occupied
at the time of his election to congress.
He was elected to the flfty-fourth and
re-elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a republican.
STEWART, JAMES JONES, lawyer,
was born April 22, 1868. in Montgomery,
Ala. He received his education at the
university of Alabama, and at the age of
eighteen years was admitted to practice
in the supreme court of Alabama. He has
attained prominence as an able lawyer of
Braidentown, Fla. ; and for three years
was captain of company G, first regiment
Alabama state troops.
STEWART, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Pennsylvania from 1800 to 1801 to fill a
vacancy; and was re-elected to the
seventh and eighth congresses.
STEWART, JOHN, agriculturist, law
yer, jurist, state legislator, congressman,
was born in 1795 in Chatham. He served
many years in the Connecticut legisla
ture; and was judge of Middlesex county
court. He was a representative in con
gress from Connecticut from 1843 to 1845.
He died Sept. 16, 1860, in Chatham, Conn.
STEWART, JOHN D., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, clergyman, congressman, was born
Aug. 2, 1833, in Fayette county, Ga. He
was elected probate judge, and served as
such five years; and was lieutenant and
captain in the thirteenth Georgia regi
ment during the civil war. He was a
member of the Georgia legislature in 1865-
67. He was ordained a minister of tne
baptist church in 1871; and was mayor of
Griffin, Ga., in 1875-76. He was judge of
the superior court from 1879 until 1886;
and was twice elected judge by the legis
lature without opposition. He was elect
ed to the fiftieth congress, and was re-
elected to the fifty-first congress as a
democrat.
STEWART, JOHN W., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, governor, was born
in 1825 in Middlebury, Vt. He was state's
attorney for his native county from 1852
to 1855. He was a representative in the
state legislature in 1856 and 1857; was a
state senator in 1862 and 1863; and was
again in the assembly in 1864, 1865, 1866,
and 1867. He was governor of the state
from 1870 to 1872; and was again a repre
sentative in the legislature in 1876 and
1877. He was elected a representative
from Vermont to the forty-eighth con
gress; and was re-elected to the forty-
ninth, fiftieth and fifty-first congresses as
a republican.
STEWART, MARCUS A., author, poet,
was born Sept. 21, 1852, in Madison, Wis.
He is a writer of San Jose, Cal.; and the
author of a volume of poems entitled
Rosita.
STEWART, ORRVILLE H., journalist,
poet, author, was born Oct. 25, 1876, in
Adams, Ind. He is the city editor of the
Daily New Era of Greensburg, Ind.; staff
correspondent of several metropolitan
dailies, and a regular contributor to the
Louisville Courier-Journal, the Chicago
Chronicle, Indianapolis Journal, and the
Cincinnati Commercial Gazette. His best-
known poem is Down on the Farm, and
his Hoosier Stories have been widely cop
ied in the periodical press.
STEWART, PHILO PENFIELD, found
er, was born in July, 1798, in Sherman,
Conn. He was one of the founders of
Oberlin college. He died Dec. 13, 1868.
STEWART, ROBERT ADGER, lawyer,
orator, was born March 6, 1862, in Abbe
ville, S. C. He received his education in
the South Carolina college and the Hamp
ton institute, Virginia. He has been pro
fessor of law and secretary of the law
faculty of Allen university, South Caro
lina; and in 1886 was elected dean of the
law department, which he declined. In
1884 he was admitted to the bar; is one of
the foremost lawyers of the south at
Manning, S. C.; and is well known as the
silver-tongued orator of the south. He
has received the degree of LL. B., and
contributes extensively to law literature.
STEWART, ROBERT MERCELLUS,
state senator, governor, was born March
12, 1815, in Truxton, N. Y. In 1845 he was
a delegate to the state constitutional con
vention, and for ten years he was a mem
ber of the state senate. He was elected
governor of Missouri in 1857. He died
Sept. 21, 1871, in St. Joseph, Mo.
STEWART, THOMAS E., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Sept.
22, 1824, in New York city. In 1854 he was
elected a commissioner of common
schools; and in 1864 and 1865 was elected
a member of the New York state assem
bly. In 1866 he was elected a representa
tive from New York to the fortieth con
gress.
STEWART, THOMAS McCANTS, law
yer, author, was born Dec. 28, 1854,
in Charleston, S. C. He has been
professor of mathematics in the State
Agricultural college of South Caro
lina; and since 1886 has practiced law
in New York city. He ranks high as
an orator and as an author, his best-
known book being Liberia: The Amer-
ico-African Republic. During 1891-95 he
was a member of the board of education
of the city of Brooklyn, and served on sev
eral important committees.
STEWART, WILLIAM, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Sept.
16, 1811, in Mercer, Pa. He was a mem
ber of the state senate of Pennsylvania
for three years. He was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
fifth congress; and was re-elected to the
thirty-sixth congress.
STEWART, WILLIAM BELL, clergy
man, was born Oct. 10, 1818, in Butler
county, Pa. He received his education
at the Washington college, Pennsylvania;
and has attained success as a clergyman
of the presbyterian church. He has been
pastor and, principal of several colleges;
and secretary of the American Tract so
ciety.
STEWART, WILLIAM H., soldier, law
yer, author, was born Sept. 25, 1838, in
Deep Creek, Va. Since 1873 he has been
successfully engaged
in the practice of
law in Virginia. For
two terms of four
years each he was
commonwealth's at
torney for the coun
ty of Norfolk; dur
ing 1887-94 was vice-
president and direc
tor of the Ports
mouth Street Rail
way company; was
a director in the Su
burban Railway company of Norfolk, Va. ;
and is now president of the Port Norfolk
Electric railway, which runs from Ports
mouth to Port Norfolk, of which latter city
he was the founder. He is the author of
The Battle of the Crater, and other works;
and a number of articles contributed to.
current literature. He served as second
lieutenant of the Wise light dragoons,
state volunteers; and subsequently the
Jackson Grays, confederate army. He,
fought gallantly throughout the war; and
was promoted to lieutenant-colonel.
STEWART, WILLIAM M., educator,,
was born Sept. 5, 1859, in Draper, Utah.
He received the rudiments of his educa
tion in the public schools, and graduated
from the state university of Utah, subse
quently receiving the degree of master of
didactics. He then began educational
work, and was elected superintendent ot
schools in Salt Lake county in 1885, re
ceiving the re-election twice. He has
served as regent of the university for
three terms; and is now principal of the
state normal school and professor of ped
agogy in the state university. He has
taken an active part in educational affairs,
and in 1887 attended the National Educa
tional association held in Chicago, and
was elected director of the Educational
association for Utah; and the following
year attended the convention of the Na
tional Educational association in San
Francisco.
STEWART, WILLIAM MORRIS, law
yer, United States senator, was born Aug.
9, 1827, in Lyons, N. Y. In 1860 he re
moved to Virginia City, Nev., where he
was largely engaged in early mining liti
gation and in the development of the
Comstock lode. He was elected United
States senator in 1864 and re-elected in
1869; in 1875 he resumed the practice of
law in Nevada, California, and the Pa
cific coast generally, and was thus en
gaged when elected to the United States
senate, as a republican.
STICKLER, JOSEPH WILLIAM, scien
tist, was born June 26, 1854. Much or
iginal work has been performed by him
in attempting to dis
cover a disease in
the lower animals,
which will furnish
virus, which, when
introduced into the
human tissues, will
render them proof
against the con
tagion of scarlet
fever. He has done
much to secure such
legislative action as
will probably result
in the eradication of bovine tuberculosis
from the state of New Jersey,
892
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STICKNEY, ALBERT, lawyer, author,
was born in 1839, in Massachusetts. He
is a lawyer of New York city; and the
author of The Lawyer and His Clients;
A True Republic; Democratic Govern
ment: a Study of Politics; and The Po
litical Problem.
STICKNEY, ALPHEUS BEEDE, rail
road president, was born June 27, 1840, In
Wilton, Maine. Since 1894 he has been
president of the Chicago and Great Wesf-
ern railway at St. Paul, Minn.
STICKNEY, HORACE A., merchant,
poet, was born Feb. 14, 1846, in Harrison,
Iowa. For many years he studied medi
cine; was for several years engaged in
railroad work, then followed mercantile
pursuits; and is now the proprietor of
property interests and a large hotel in
Steele, N. D. He has contributed both
prose and verse to the periodical press.
STICKNEY, JOHN, musician, was born
in 1742 in Stoughton, Mass. He traveled
extensively through the New England
states, and acquired reputation as a teach
er and composer, but finally settled in
South Hadley, where he continued his
teaching. He published The Gentlemen
and Ladies' Musical Companion, a valu
able collection of psalms and anthems, to
gether with explanatory rules for learning
to sing. He died in 1826 in South Had
ley, Mass.
STICKNEY, MRS. JULIA GRANBY
[NOYES], poet, was born July 5, 1830, in
West Newbury, Mass. She is a poet of
Groveland, Mass.; and the author of
Poems on Lake Winnepesaukee.
STIFFER, J. ML,, educator, clergyman,
theologian, was born Dec. 8, 1839, in Al-
toona, Pa. During 1871-75 he filled the
chair of Bible exegesis in Shurtleff col
lege; and in 1882 was called to the same
chair in the Crozer Theological seminary.
He has published a number of sermons
and religious works.
STILES, CHARLES WARDELL, zool
ogist, was born May 15, 1867, in Spring
Valley, N. Y. He has been professor of
zoology in the Georgetown university;
and zoologist in the bureau of animal in
dustry of the United States department
of agriculture. His publications have
been chiefly on medical zoology.
STILES, EDWARD H., lawyer, was
born Oct. 8, 1836, in Granby, Conn. In
1892 he* was appointed master in chancery
of the United States circuit court for the
western district of Missouri.
STILES, EZRA, clergyman, author, was
born Nov. 29, 1727, in North Haven, Conn.
He was a congregational clergyman, fa
mous in colonial days, who was president
of Yale college in 1778-95. He was the
author of Account of the Settlement of
Bristol, R. I.; and History of Three of
the Judges of Charles the First, Whalley,
Goffe, and Dixwell. He died May 12, 1795,
in New Haven, Conn.
STILES, GEORGE P., lawyer, jurist,
was born in New York; and removed to
Iowa. In 1854 he was appointed an asso
ciate judge of the United States court for
the territory of Utah.
STILES, HENRY REED, physician, au
thor, was born March 10, 1832, in Nerw
York city. He is a prominent physician
of Brooklyn; and the author of History
and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Con
necticut; History of Brooklyn, Long Is
land; and The Wallaboiit Prison Ship.
STILES, ISRAEL NEWTON, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born July 16, 1833.
in Suffleld, Conn. He was prosecuting at
torney two years and a member of the
Indiana legislature, and became active as
an anti-slavery orator during the Fremont
canvass, delivering more than sixty
speeches. He was subsequently major,
lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of the six
ty-third Indiana, and finally brevet brig
adier-general, his commission being dated
Jan. 31, 1865. He removed to Chicago,
where he has earned a high reputation as
a lawyer.
STILES. JOHN D., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 15, 1823, in Lu-
zerne county. Pa. In 1853 he was elected
district attorney for
Lehigh county, and
held the office three
years. In 1856 he was
a delegate to the na
tional convention
which nominated Mr.
Buchanan for presi
dent. He was elected
to the thirty-seventh
congress to fill a va
cancy; and in 1862
was re-elected to the
thirty - eighth con
gress. He was a delegate to the Chicago
convention of 1864; to the Philadelphia
national union convention of 1866; and to
the New York democratic convention of
1868. He was re-elected to the fortieth and
forty-first congresses as a democrat.
STILES, JOSEPH CLAY, clergyman,
author, was born Dec. 6, 1795, in Savan
nah, Ga. He was a presbyterian clergy
man, after 1860 an evangelist in the south;
and was the author of Modern Reform
Examined, or the Union of North and
South on Slavery; and The National Con
troversy. He died March 27, 1875, in Sa
vannah, Ga.
STILES, WILLIAM H., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, author, was born in Janu
ary, 1808, in Savannah, Ga. In 1833 he '
was elected solicitor-general of the east
ern district of Georgia, which office he
resigned in 1836. He was a representative
in congress from Georgia from 1843 to
1845; and was appointed by President
Polk charge d' affaires to Austria. He
served as a colonel in the great rebellion.
He published a History of Austria. He
died Dec. 20, 1865, in Savannah, Ga.
STILL. WILLIAM, philanthropist, au
thor, was born Oct. 7, 1821, in Shamony,
N. J. He is a noted Philadelphia philan
thropist of African descent; and the au
thor of The Underground Railroad; Vot
ing and Laboring; and Struggle for the
Rights of Colored People in Philadelphia.
STILLE, ALFRED, physician, author,
was born Oct. 30, 1813, in Philadelphia,
Pa. He is a physician of Philadelphia;
find the author of Elements of General
Pathology; The Unity of Medicine; Hum-
boldt's Life and Character; Was as an
Element of Civilization; Othello and Des-
demona: their Characters; The National
Dispensatory (with Maisch); Therapeu
tics and Materia Medica; Epidemic Men
ingitis; and Epidemic or Malignant Chol
era.
STILLE, CHARLES JANEWAY, educa
tor, author, was born Sept. 23, 1819, in
Philadelphia, Pa. He is a Philadelphia
educator, and provost of the university of
Pennsylvania in 1868-80. He is the au
thor of Historical Development of Ameri
can Civilization; Studies in Medijeval Ci
vilization; Beaumarchais and the Lost
Million, a chapter of the Secret History of
the American Revolution; History of the
United States Sanitary Commission; How
a Free People Conduct a Long War;
Northern Interest and Southern Indepen
dence; Life and Times of John Dickin
son; and General Anthony Wayne and the
Pennsylvania Line.
in Bethel, Ohio.
STILLE, GEORGE NELSON, journal
ist, public official, was born April 26, 1857,
He learned the printing
business, and is now
the editor and part
owner of The Repub
lican of Unionville,
Mo. He has been
sheriff of Putnam
county fortwoterms;
postmaster of his
city; and in 1896 was
nominee for railroad
and warehouse com
missioner of the
state of Missouri. He
has served on coun
ty, congressional and state committees;
has been a delegate to two national re
publican conventions, and several state
and congressional conventions. He is
prominent in fraternal orders, and in the
public affairs of his city, county and state.
STILLE, MORETON. physician, author,
was born Oct. 27, 1822, in Philadelphia,
Pa.' He was a Philadelphia physician;
and the author of a Treatise on Medical
Jurisprudence. He died Aug. 20, 1855, in
Saratoga Springs, N. Y.
STILLMAN, JAMES W., lawyer, mer
chant, legislator, author, poet, was born
in 1840 in Unadilla Forks, N. Y. In 1868-
69 he was a member of the Rhode Island
state legislature, where he distinguished
himself by espousing the cause of wo
man suffrage. Since 1880 he has been
a merchant in Boston, Mass. He is the
author of Woman Suffrage; The Mormon
Question; The Unknown God; God and
the Universe; and a volume of poems.
STILLMAN, THOMAS BLISS, civil en
gineer, banker, inventor, was born Aug.
30, 1806, in Westerly, R. I. During the
civil war he was United States inspector
of steam vessels for the New York dis
trict, and superintendent of construction
of revenue cutters. For nearly twenty
years he was a trustee of the New York
hospital, and he was long president of
the Metropolitan Savings bank. He in
vented improved forms of machinery that
have come into use. He died Jan. 1, 1866,
in Plainfield, N. J.
STILLMAN, WILLIAM JAMES, littera
teur, artist, author, was born June 1, 1828,
in Schenectady, N. Y. He is a writer and
artist who was consul at Rome in 1861-65,
and in Crete in 1865-69. He has lived at
Rome from 1886 as the correspondent of
The London Times for Italy and Greece.
He is the author of History of the Cretan
Insurrection; Poetic Localities of Cam
bridge; Herzegovina and the Late Upris
ing; Turkish Rule and Warfare; On the
Track of Ulysses; and Manual of Photo
graphy.
STILLMAN, WILLIAM OLIN, physi
cian, author, was born Sept. 9, 1856, in
Albany, N. Y. He resides in Albany, N.
Y., where he is actively and very success
fully engaged in the practice of medicine.
He is the author of Two Vaginal Specu-
lums; Cholera and Prevention; and Pop
ular Sanitation.
STILWELL, JOHN B., soldier, educa
tor, was born June 23, 1843, in Scipio.Mich.
He received a thorough education in his
native state. He served as a soldier dur
ing the civil war as a private in company
M, fifth regiment Michigan cavalry. He
enlisted Sept. 23, 1862; was captured on
March 2, 1864; was in Libby prison and
Andersonville until Nov. 21, when he was
exchanged at Savannah, Ga. He served
with distinction and was honorably dis
charged July 5. 1865. He has attained suc
cess in educational work, and is now su
perintendent of schools of McMinnville,
Mich.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
S9Z
STILWELL, SILAS MOORE, lawyer,
state legislator, was born June 6, 1800, in
New York city. In 1814 he engaged in
surveying in the west, and then settled in
Tennessee, where in 1822 he was in the
legislature. He died May 16, 1881, in New
York city.
STILWELL, THOMAS L., lawyer, bank
er, congressman, was born Aug. 29, 1830.
in Stilwell, Ohio. In 1856 he was elected
to the legislature of Indiana. In 1864 he
was elected a representative from 'Indiana
to the thirty-ninth congress; and in 1867
was appointed minister resident to Vene
zuela. He was killed Jan. 14, 1874, in An
derson, Ind.
STIMMEL, SMITH, soldier, lawyer, was
born Dec. 17, 1842, in Franklin county,
Ohio. He served as a soldier during the
civ il war, and was on President Lincoln's
body guard from January, 1864, till date
of his assassination. He removed to Par-
go, N. D., and in 1889 was made presi
dent of the Dakota council (senate).
STIMPSON, WILLIAM, naturalist, au
thor, was born Feb. 14, 1832, in Roxbury,
Mass. He was a naturalist of eminence:
and the author of Descriptiones Animali-
um Evertebratorum; Notes on North
American Crustacea; and Crustacea
Dredged in the Gulf Stream. He died May
26, 1872, in Ilchester Mills, Md.
ST1MSON, ALEXANDER LOVETT,
lawyer, journalist, author, was born Dec.
14, 1816, in Boston, Mass. He is a law
yer and journalist; and the author of
History of the Express Companies; New
England Boys; and Waifwood, a novel.
STIMSON, FREDERICK JESUP, law
yer, author, was born July 20, 1855, in
Dedham, Mass. He is a lawyer and pop
ular novelist of Boston; and the author
of Labor in its Relations to Law; Hand
book of the Labor Law of the United
States; American Statute Law; Glossary
of Technical Terms of the Common Law;
Uniform State Legislation. In fiction he
has published Guerndale; The Crime of
Henry Vane; The King's Men; The Resi
duary Legatee; The Sentimental Calen
dar; In the Three Zones; First Harvests;
Pirate Gold; King Noanett; and Rollo's
Journey to Cambridge.
STIMSON, JOHN WARD, artist, author,
was born Dec. 16, 1850, in Paterson, N. J.
He is an artist of New York city, four
years superintendent of the Metropolitan
Museum Art schools; and the author of
The Law of Three Primaries.
STIMSON, LEWIS ATTERBURY, phy
sician, educator, author, was born in 1844
in New Jersey. He is a physician of
New York city, professor of surgery in the
university of the city of New York; and
the author of Manual of Operative Sur
gery; Practical Treatise on Fractures;
and Treatise on Dislocations.
STINELL, JOHN HENRY, soldier, law
yer, jurist, was born Aug. 9, 1840, in
Providence, R. I. He served in the civil
war, and was second lieutenant of the
second regiment New York artillery. He
is justice of the supreme court of Rhode
Island; and president of the Rhode Island
Historical society.
STITH, WILLIAM, clergyman, author,
was born in 1689 in Virginia. He was an
episcopal clergyman of Virginia, and pres
ident of William and Mary college in
1752-55. He wrote a History of Virginia.
He died Sept. 27, 1755, in Williamsburg,
Va.
STIVER, SAMUEL L., educator, clergy
man, lecturer, author, was born Nov. 1,
1848. in Potter's Mills, Pa. In 1874 he
graduated with first honors from the La
Fayette college, after taking the junior
prize in mathematics and senior prize in
astronomy. In 1878 he graduated from
Union Theological seminary of New York
city; the same year he was licensed as a
clergyman, and the following year was
ordained in the High Street Presbyterian
church. He has filled pastorates in va
rious churches; and since 1881 has been
proprietor and superintendent of the Bun
ker Hill Military academy, Illinois. He
has been editor of various publications,
and has contributed extensively to cur
rent literature; and is the author of sev
eral educational works. He is a brilliant
lecturer and educator; and is prominent
in the political affairs of Macoupin coun
ty, 111.
STIVERS, EMMONS B., lawyer, educa
tor, state legislator, author. For a num
ber of years he was actively engaged in
school work, either as teacher, principal
or superintendent. He is the author of
Outlines of United States History; and
Recreations in School Studies. He was
elected as a democrat from Brown county,
Ohio, to the seventy-second general as
sembly of Ohio.
STIVERS, HENRY C., soldier, journal
ist, state legislator, was born Sept. 30, 1848.
in Pomeroy, Ohio. He is the editor and
cwner of the Journal of Brainerd, Minn.,
of which city he was mayor in 1890. The
following year he was elected a member of
the Minnesota state legislature.
STIVERS, MOSES DUNNING, manu
facturer, journalist, congressman, was
born Dec. 30, 1828, near Beemerville, N. J.
In 1869 he became collector of United
States internal revenue for the eleventh
district of New York, which office he held
fourteen years. In 1868 he became pro
prietor of the Orange County Press, then
a weekly, and now a semi-weekly. He is
also one of the proprietors and editors of
the Miduletown Daily Press. He was pres
ident of the New York State Press associ
ation in 1887. He was elected to the fifty-
first congress" as a republican,
ST. JOHN, CHARLES, merchant, con
gressman, was born Oct. 8, 1818, in Orange
county, N. Y. He was a merchant and
lumberman of Port Jervis, N. Y. ; and was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-second and forty-third con
gresses.
ST. JOHN, DANIEL B., merchant, bank
er, state legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 8, 1808, in Sharon, Conn. In 1839 he
was elected to the New York state legis
lature. He was a representative from
New York to the thirtieth congress; and
from 1849 until 1855 had charge of the
bank department of New York.
ST. JOHN, EVERITTE, railroad presi
dent, was born Feb. 4, 1844, in Connecti
cut. He is the vice-president and general
manager of the Seaboard Airline of Nor
folk, Va.; and is one of the most noted
railroad men in America. In 1862 he en
tered railroad service as a clerk; and in
1863 became connected with the Chicago,
Rock Island and Pacific railway, of which
he eventually became general manager.
In 1891 he reorganized the General Mana
gers' association of Chicago, and was its
permanent chairman until Jan. 1, 1895,
when he took the office of vice-president
of the Seaboard line; and since his con
nection with that company he has made
it one of the leading railroads of the
south.
ST. JOHN, HENRY, congressman, was
born in New York. He was a represen
tative in congress from Ohio from 1843 to
1847.
ST. JOHN, ISAAC MUNROE, civil engi
neer, soldier, journalist, was born Nov.
19, 1827, in Augusta, Ga. He entered the
engineer corps of the confederate army at
Richmond, Va.,and was promoted through
the various grades to the rank of briga
dier-general. He was city engineer of
Louisville in 1870-71, made the first topo
graphical map of that city, and estab
lished its system of sewerage. From 1871
until his death he was consulting engi
neer of the Chesapeake and Ohio rail
road, and chief engineer of the Lexington
and Big Sandy railroad. He died April 7,
1880, in Sulphur Springs, W. Va.
ST. JOHN, JASON EDGAR, educator,
was born May 30, 1848, in Clinton, Mich.
For the past quarter of a century he has
been connected with the Industrial School
for Boys of Lansing, Mich., of which in
stitution he is superintendent.
ST. JOHN, JOHN PIERCE, governor,
was born Feb. 25, 1833, in Franklin coun
ty, Ind. He removed to Olathe, Kan., in
1869, served in the state senate in 1873-74,
and was elected governor of Kansas as a
republican in 1878, serving until 1882.
ST. MARTIN, LOUIS, merchant, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
1820 in Saint Charles Parish, La. He was
appointed to fill a vacancy in the New
Orleans post-offlce; and was elected in
1846 to the legislature of Louisiana. He
was appointed the same year register of
the United States land office for the south
eastern district of Louisiana by President
Polk; and was elected a second time to
the legislature. After two years' service
he was elected to the thirty-second con
gress from the first district of Louisiana.
He was elected to the forty-ninth congress
as a democrat.
STOCKARD, HENRY JEROME, A. M.,
educator, poet, was born Sept. 15, 1858, In
Chatham county, N. C. He is professor
of English in the university of North Car
olina. His contributions to literature have
appeared in the Century, Youth's Com
panion, and other publications.
STOCKARD, MRS. V. A. C., educator,
college president, was born March 27, 1848,
in Knox county, Mo. She received a thor
ough education, and for many years was
engaged as a teacher in the public schools.
Her principal primary work was in the
Richmond college, Missouri. For eight
years she taught mathematics and French
in the Central Female college of Lexing
ton, Mo.; and since 1884 has been presi
dent of the Cottey college of Nevada, Mo.
STOCKBRIDGE, FRANCIS BROWN,
merchant, United States senator, was born
in 1826 in Bath, Maine. In 1850 he settled
at Saugatuck, Mich. He served as a rep
resentative in the Michigan legislature in
1869; and was a state senator in 1871. In
1874 he moved to Kalamazoo. In 1887 he
was elected to the United States senate for
term expiring in 1893.
STOCKBRIDGE, HENRY, lawyer, jour
nalist, jurist, congressman, was born Sept.
18, 1856, in Baltimore, Md. In 1887 he
became one of the
editorial staff of the
Baltimore American,
with which paper he
is still connected. In
1882 he was appoint
ed an examiner in
equity by the su
preme bench of Bal
timore City. He was
elected to the fifty-
first congress as a re
publican. During
1887-89 he was on
the editorial staff of the Baltimore Amer
ican. In 1891 he was appointed commis
sioner of emigration at the port of Balti
more; and in 1896 was elected associate
judge of the supreme court of Baltimore
City.
-'.•I
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STOCKBRIDGE, LEVI, agriculturist,
was born March 13, 1820, in North Had-
ley, Mass. For twelve years he was a
member of the state board of agriculture
of Massachusetts; in 1867 he was called
to a chair in the Massachusetts Agricul
tural college of Amherst, of which he was
president in 1880-82. He has conducted a
series of investigations on the fertiliza
tion of crops; and his researches have
chiefly appeared in the Annual Reports
of the Massachusetts Agricultural College.
STOCKDALE, JOHN LARK, educator,
soldier, physician, surgeon, was born Aug.
12, 1831, in Edgefield. S. C. During 1845-
49 he attended the
' Talladega Male High
school; from 1851-54
he attended the Med
ical college of South
Carolina; and subse
quently attended the
Augusta Medical col
lege and the univer
sity of Nashville,
Tennessee. For many
years he taught in
the Talladega Male
High school; and
during 1861-65 was a surgeon in the con
federate states army, with rank of ma
jor. He has been registrar and master
in chancery of the fourteenth district N.
E. chancery division; president of the
"Clay county Medical society; and is prom
inent in various other medical bodies.
STOCKDALE, THOMAS RINGLAND,
soldier, educator, congressman, was born
in Pennsylvania. He was elected from
Mississippi to the fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-
second, and fifty-third congresses as a
•democrat.
STOCKHAM, ALICE BUNKER, physi
cian, author, was born in 1833 in Ohio.
She is a prominent physician and author
•of the well-known work entitled Toko
logy, which has been translated into sev-
•eral languages.
STOCKLEY, CHARLES C., banker,
state senator, governor, was born Nov. 6,
1S19, in Georgetown, Del. In 1873 he was
elected a state senator for the term of
four years, and at the second session of
that body was elected speaker. He was
president of the Breakwater and Frank-
ford railroad, and president of the Farm
ers' bank of the state of Delaware. In
1882 he was elected governor of Delaware.
STOCKLY, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
manufacturer, was born Dec. 20, 1843, in
Cleveland, Ohio. In 1876 he called the at-
tenl Ion of Charles !•"
Brush to the subject
(^? of illumination and
,''** subsequently arrang-
• £s yy ed with him to un-
ff j dertake the produc-
^Kc' j tion of a system of
'^f electric arc lighting.
The first Brush plant
was made and tested
in the factory and at
the expense of the
Telegraph Supply
company, and an ar
rangement was made whereby the com
pany took active control of the business
under the Brush patents, paying Mr.
Brush a royalty. During the next four
teen years the Brush Electric company,
which succeeded the Telegraph Supply
company, with Mr. Stockly as president
and manager, achieved immense success
as pioneers of public electric lighting. He
introduced the telephone in Ohio and built
and operated the first telephone exchange
In the country.
STOCKSLAGER, STROTHER M., sol
dier, lawyer, Journalist, state senator,
congressman, was born May 7, 1842, in
Mauckport. Ind. He served in the union
aimy during the war of the rebellion. He
was a state senator from 1874 to 1878. He
was elected a representative from Indiana
to the forty-seventh congress; and re-
elected to the forty-eighth congress as a
democrat. Since 1878 he has been the edi
tor of the Corydon Democrat.
STOCKTON, FRANCIS RICHARD, au
thor, was born April 5, 1834, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He is a widely popular humor
ist and novel-writer who first attracted
general notice by his now famous Rudder
Grange, a thoroughly original piece of
humor. In the same vein are The Rudder
Grangers Abroad, and Other Stories; Po
mona's Travels; and The Casting Away
of Mrs. Leeks and Mrs. Aleshine. His
other works, which all display original
inventive humor, are. Tales Out of School:
The Ting-a-Ling Stories; Roundabout
Rambles; What Might Have Been Expect
ed; A Jolly Fellowship; The Floating
Prince; The Story of Viteau; The Late
Mrs. Null; The Lady or the Tiger?, his
most celebrated work; The Christmas
Wreck, and Other Stories; The Hun
dredth Man; The Bee Man of Orn; The
Dusantes; Amos Kilbright; Ardis Cla-
verden; The Great War Syndicate; The
Stories of the Three Burglars; The Mer
ry Chanter; The House of Martha; Ko-
bel Land; The Clocks of Rondaine; The
Watchmaker's Wife; The Adventures of
Captain Horn; A Chosen Few; Personal
ly Conducted; A Story-Teller's Pack, a
\olume of short stories; Stories of New
Jersey; and Captain Chap, or the Rolling
Stones.
STOCKTON, JOHN DREAN, journalist,
was born April 26, 1836, in Philadelphia,
Pa. From 1873 till his death he was dra
matic and musical critic of the New York
Herald. He wrote Fox and Geese, a com
edy which ran one hundred nights in New
York and 'other cities, and more than
three hundred in London. He died Nov.
3, 1877, in Philadelphia, Pa.
STOCKTON, JOHN N. C., legislator,
banker, was born in 1860 in Gadsden coun
ty, Fla. For many years he has been
the president of the National bank of
Tampa, and the National bank of Florida.
In 1897 he served with distinction as a
member of the Florida state legislature.
STOCKTON, JOHN POTTER, lawyer,
legislator, was born Aug. 2, 1826, in
Princeton, N. J. During President Bu
chanan's administration he was United
States minister to Rome. He was elected
to the United States senate in 1865, but
only served one year of the term on ac
count of informality in the election. He
received the re-election in 1869, and serv
ed with distinction the full term of six
years. In 1877 General Stockton was ap
pointed attorney-general of the state of
New Jersey, and has received the reap-
pointment at the expiration of every term.
STOCKTON, RICHARD, signer of the
declaration of independence, was born Oct.
1, 1730, near Princeton, N. J. He was ap
pointed a judge, both under the provincial
government and after the adoption of the
constitution. He was a delegate to the
continental congress in 1776 and 1777; and
signed the declaration of independence.
He died Feb. 28, 1781, in Princeton, N. J.
STOCKTON, RICHARD, lawyer, con
gressman, United States senator, was born
April 17, 1764, near Princeton, N. J. In
1792 and 1800 he was a presidential elec
tor; was a senator of the United States
from 1796 to 1799; and was a representa
tive in congress from 1813 to 1815. He
died March 7, 1828, in Princeton, N. J.
STOCKTON, ROBERT FIELD, naval
officer. United States senator, was born
Aug. 20, 1795, in Princeton, N. J. He com
manded the Ameri
can squadron on the
coast of Africa, and
was one of the found
ers of the colony of
Liberia. He was one
of the first of our
commanders to in
troduce and apply
steam to naval pur
poses — the famous
sloop-of-war Prince
ton having been built
under his supervis
ion; when war was declared with Mexico
he was placed in command of the United
States fleet in the Pacific, and performed
the duties of commodore, general, and
governor. He was elected United States
senator for the term from 1851 to 1857.
He was elected a delegate to the peace
congress in 1861; and was president of
the Delaware and Raritan Canal company
from the time he left the senate until his
death. He died Oct. 7, 1866, in Princeton.
STOCKTON. THOMAS, soldier, govern
or. He was a captain in the third artil
lery in 1812; was major of the forty-
second infantry in 1814; and was govern
or of Delaware from 1844 to 1846. He died
March 2, 1846, in New Castle, Del.
STOCKTON, THOMAS HEWLINGS,
clergyman, author, was born June 4, 1808,
in Mt. Holly, N. J. He was a methodist
preacher of Balti-
inurr iiiid 1'hihnlcl-
*'. phia, chaplain to
I both houses of con-
4>fe gjgA w gress successively,
I and famous for his
• eloquence. He was
I the author of Float-
^l^J I ing Flowers from a
^gj^k^j I Hidden Brook; Po-
•^^^ cms; Stand Up for
I JPHUS. and Other Po-
^HHV^^HB ems; and The Book
Above All. He also
contributed to current publications. He
died Oct. 9, 1868, in Philadelphia, Pa.
STOCKTON, THOMAS TELFAIR,
journalist, was born Oct. 8, 1853, in Quin-
cy, Fla. He is general manager of the
Times Union, one of the leading journals
of Florida at Jacksonville.
STOCKWELL, WILLIAM WATSON,
farmer, lecturer, poet, was born Feb. 7,
1829, in Northampton, Mass. He is a suc
cessful farmer of
Mead, Ind., where he
has been township
librarian and trus
tee, and filled various
other public posi
tions of trust. He is
the author of Inci
dents in the Life of
George W. Murray,
treating of events of
the civil war and
Libby prison. He has
attained success as a
lecturer; has contributed extensively to
the periodical press: and is the author of
a volume of Songs and Poems.
STODDARD, A. H., farmer, poet. He is
a successful farmer of Kalamazoo, Mich.;
and the author of a volume entitled Mis
cellaneous Poems.
STODDARD, AMOS, soldier, author, was
born Oct. 26, 1762, In Woodbury, Conn.
He was a soldier of note in the early days
of the republic; and the author of
Sketches of Louisiana; and The Political
Crisis. He died May 11, 1813, in Fort
Meigs, Ohio.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
895
STODDARD, ANTHONY, clergyman,
:author, was born Aug. 9, 1678, in North
ampton, Mass. He was minister at Wood-
bury, Conn., from 1702 till his death. He
was clerk of probate forty years; was the
lawyer and physician of his people, and
one of the most extensne farmers in the
town. He published an Election Sermon.
He died Sept. 6, 1760, in Woodbury, Conn.
STODDARD, CHARLES AUGUSTUS,
clergyman, journalist, author, was born
in 1833 in Massachusetts. He is a presby-
terian clergyman of New York city, edi
tor of The Observer from 1885; and the
author of Across Russia; Spanish Cities;
Beyond the Rockies; and Cruising Among
the Caribbees.
STODDARD, CHARLES WARREN,
lecturer, author, poet, was born Aug. 7,
1843, in Rochester, N. Y. In 1864 he made
a voyage to the Hawaiian Islands, where
he passed much time; and was correspond
ent for the San Francisco Chronicle. He
is now lecturer upon English literature in
the Catholic university of Washington,
D C. He is the author of South Sea Idyls;
Mashallah. a Flight into Egypt; The Lep
ers of Molokai; and other works.
STODDARD, EBENEZER, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born May 6,
1786, in West Woodstock, Conn. He was
for several years a member of the Connec
ticut state legislature; was lieutenant-
governor of the state for one year; and
was a representative in congress from 1821
to 1825. He died in August, 1848, in
Woodstock, Conn.
STODDARD, MRS. ELIZABETH DREW
[BARSTOW], author, poet, was born May
•6, 1823, in Mattapoisett, Mass. She is a
novelist and poet whose work in verse
;and fiction shows much individuality. She
is the author of The Morgesons; Temple
House; Two Men; Lolly Dinks's Doings,
:a juvenile tale; and Poems.
STODDARD, JOHN, jurist, author, was
born Feb. 11, 1681. He was for many
years a member of the council of Massa
chusetts; chief justice of the court of
common pleas, and colonel of militia. •
~His Journal of an Expedition to Canada,
1713-14 was printed in the Genealogical
Register in 1851. He died June 19, 1748,
in Boston, Mass.
STODDARD, JOHN F"., educator, au
thor, was born July 20, 1825, in Green
field, N. Y. He was eminently successful
as an instructor of mathematics and in
his efforts to promote normal schools, and
left a fund to Rochester university for a
gold medal to be awarded to the best stu
dent in mathematics. His principal pub
lished works are Practical Arithmetic;
Philosophical Arithmetic; University Al
gebra (1857); and School Arithmetic. He
died Aug. 6, 1873, in Kearney, N. J.
STODDARD, JOHN LAWSON, lecturer,
author, was born in 1850 in Massachu
setts. He is a popular stereopticon lectur
er; and the author of Red Letter Days
Abroad; and Napoleon from Corsica to
St. Helena.
STODDARD, JOHN POTTER, lawyer,
diplomat, United States senator, was born
Aug. 2, 1826, in Princeton, N. J. In 1857-
'61 he was United States minister to Rome,
Italy. In 1865 he was chosen United
States senator from New Jersey; was sub
sequently unseated; and in 1869 was elect
ed for term ending in 1875. In 1877 he
was appointed attorney-general of New
Jersey, and was chosen again in 1882 and
in 1887.
STODDARD, JOSHUA C., inventor, was
born Aug. 26, 1814, in Pawlet, Vt. He
turned his attention to inventing, and in
1856 devised the steam-calliope, which is
used on Mississippi steamers. He also
invented the Stoddard horse-rake and
hay-tedder.
STODDARD, RICHARD HENRY, jour
nalist, author, poet, was born July 2, 1825,
in Hingham, Mass. He is a critic of
New York city, and
literary editor of The
Mail and Express
from 1880. He has
edited the Bric-a-
Brac Series and oth
er volumes, while his
own writings include
Poems; Adventures
in Fairy Land; Foot-
pjints; Life of Hum-
boldt; Songs of Sum
mer; The King's
Bell; The Book of
the East; Abraham Lincoln: a Horatian
Ode; Putnam the Brave; A Century Af
ter; Life of Washington Irving; The Li
on's Cub, with Other Verse; and Under
the Evening Lamp, a collection of essays
on literary topics.
STODDARD, SOLOMON, clergyman,
author, was born in 1643 in Boston, Mass.
He was a congregational clergyman, and
pastor at Northampton, Mass., from 1669
until his death. He was the author of Ap
peal to the Learned; Guide to Christ;
Safety in the Righteousness of Christ;
and Doctrine of Instituted Churches Ex
plained, a reply to Increase Mather's Or
der of the Gospel, and one which occa
sioned much exciting controversy. He
died Feb. 11, 1729, in Northampton, Mass.
STODDARD, SOLOMON, educator, au
thor, was born in 1800 in Northampton.
He became professor of languages at Mid-
dlebury college, Vermont. He was co
author with Ethan Allen Andrews of a
Grammar of the Latin Language, which
was at one time almost universally used
in this country, and had passed through
sixty-five editions. He died Nov. 11, 1847,
in Northampton.
STODDARD, WALTER P., clergyman,
poet, was born July 4, 1852, in New York
city. He received a thorough education
in the public schools
of his native city,
! and attended the
Wesleyan university
of Middletown, Conn.
He has attained suc-
| cess as a clergyman
' of the methodist
episcopal church. He
preached in New
England until 1891,
when he served three
years in Oskaloosa,
Iowa; and now fills
a pastorate in Mt. Peasant, Iowa. He has
traveled extensively in Europe; has lec
tured in many places in his adopted state;
and is the author of various papers con
tributed to current literature; and his
poems have appeared in several standard
works.
STODDARD, WILLIAM OSBORN, jour
nalist, inventor, author, was born Sept. 24,
1835, in Homer N. Y. He is a journalist
and imentor whose writings have been
largely though not entirely for juvenile
readers, and have been very popular. He
is the author of Little Smoke; The Wind
fall; Esau Hardery; Dab Kinzer; Saltil-
lo Boys; Wrecked; Verses of Many Days;
The Heart of It; The White Cave, an
Australian Story; The Red Mustang; Two
Arrows; Among the Lakes; The Quartet;
Winter Fun; Men of Business; The Talk
ing Leaves; The Volcano Under the City,
a story of the draft riots in New York;
Lives of the Presidents; Gid Granger;
and Chuck Purdy.
STODDART, JOHN T., congressman.
He was a representative in congress from
Maryland from 1833 to 1835.
STODDERT, BENJAMIN, soldier, mer
chant, cabinet officer, was born in 1751 in
Charles county, Md. He served as a ma
jor during the re\olution; and was for
many years extensively engaged in mer
cantile pursuits in Georgetown, D. C. In
1798 he was appointed secretary of the
navy, and was the first man who served
in that capacity. He died Dec. 18, 1813, in
Bladensburg, Md.
STOECKEL, GUSTAVE JACOB, musi
cian, educator, composer, was born Nov. 9,
1819, in Germany. Since 1849 he has been
instructor in music at Yale, and organist
of the college chapel. He has published
a collection of sacred music for mixed
voices, and College Hymn-Book for male
voices, besides compositions for the piano,
songs and overtures and symphonies for
orchestra.
STOEVER, MARTIN LUTHER, educa
tor, author, was born Feb. 17, 1820, in
Germantown, Pa. He was a Pennsylvania
educator, a professor in the college at
Gettysburg in 1840-70; and the author of
Brief Sketch of the Lutheran Church in
the United States; and Life and Times of
Henry Muhlenberg. He died July 22, 1870,
in Germantown, Pa.
STOKELY, SAMUEL, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman. He sened in the
Ohio state legislature; and was a repre
sentative in congress from Ohio from 1841
to 1843.
STOKES, J. WILLIAM, agriculturist,
congressman, was born in 1853 in Orange-
burg county, S. C. He was brought up to
farm life, attending the ordinary schools
of his county and town until he was nine
teen years of age; graduated from Wash
ington and Lee university, Virginia, in
1876, and taught school for twelve years,
graduating meantime in medicine from
Vanderbilt university, Tennessee; in 1889
he returned to the farm, assisted in ar-
ganizing the farmers, and was president
of the State Farmers' alliance two terms;
was elected to the state senate in 1890;
was a delegate at large to tne national
democratic convention at Chicago in 1892,
and was presidential elector on the demo
cratic ticket the same year; in 1894 was
nominated without opposition in the dem
ocratic primaries in the new seventh con
gressional district. He received the certi
ficate of election to the fifty-fourth con
gress, but the seat was declared vacant.
At th'e election on Nov. 3, 1896, he was
elected to the short term of the fifty-
fourth congress; was re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a democrat, receiv
ing 8,065 votes against 1,342 votes for
T. B. Johnson, regular republican.
STOKES, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, jurist,
was a native of North Carolina. He serv
ed as a colonel in the revolution; and in
1790 was appointed judge of the United
States district court for North Carolina.
He died in October, 1790, in Lafayette-
ville, N. C.
STOKES, MONTFORD, governor, United
States senator, was born in 1760 in WiiKes
county, N. C. He was elected to the
United States senate, which honor he de
clined; and in 1816 was again elected
United States senator, and served until
1823. In 1826 he went into the general
assembly of North Carolina as senator;
and in 1829 was elected a member of the
commons. In 1830 he was again elected to
the commons, and in the same year was
elected governor of the state.
896
HEKRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STOKES, WILLIAM B., soldier, agri
culturist, state senator, congressman, was
born Sept. 9, 1814, in Chatham county, N.
C. He served three sessions in the legis
lature of Tennessee — twice as a represen
tative and once as a senator. He was
elected a representative from Tennessee
to the thirty-sixth congress. During the
rebellion of 1861 he served as a colonel in
the union army. In 1865 he was elected
a representative from Tennessee to the
thirty-ninth congress; and was re-elect
ed to the fortieth and forty-first congresses
as a union republican.
STOLBERG, PETER H., lawyer, was
born Dec. 7, 1848, in Sweden. In 1868 he
emigrated to America, and has since at
tained success as an able lawyer of Har
ris, Minn. He has served as receiver in
the United States land office of Taylor's
Kails, Minn.; and has been county attor
ney for eight years.
STOLBRAND, CARLOS JOHN MEUL-
LER, soldier, imentor, was born May 11.
1821, in Sweden. He participated in the
campaign of Atlanta and the march to the
sea, and in 1865 was promoted to briga
dier-general of volunteers. He has made
various improvements in steam engines
and steam boilers, and now resides at
Fort Collins, Colo.
STOLL, FREDERICK F., organizer,
was born in 1865 in Chicago, 111. He first
entered the employ of the American Ex
press company; and
in 1890 entered the
real estate and fire
insurance business
on his own account.
In 1894 he became
superintendent of
"•M carriers of the Chi-
I cago postoflice, and
^H was promoted to gen-
"""w ^ ^flj I eral superintendent
^•>~ .^H I of city delivery. He
introduced the use
of bicycles by the
cairiers; and tin1 postal cars on the street
railway lines were also one of the in
structions. He received an offer from the
Chinese government to go there and or
ganize the free delivery system, which
he declined. He is a prominent memb< r
of various fraternal orders; was the or
ganizer of the Chicago Postofflce Em
ployes Mutual Aid association, and was
twice elected its president.
STONE, ALFRED, architect, was born
July 29, 1834, in East Machias, Maine.
He has designed many of the most im
portant public buildings, business blocks
and prhate residences of Providence,
R I.
STONE, ALFRED P., merchant, con
gressman. He was treasurer of the state
of Ohio; was a representative in congress
from Ohio from 1844 to 1845; and was ap
pointed by President Lincoln a collector
of internal revenue. He died Aug. 2, 1865,
in Columbus, Ohio.
STONE, AMASA, philanthropist, was
born April 27, 1818, in Charlton, Mass.
He gave large sums in charity to the city
of Cleveland. He built and endowed the
Home for Aged Wcmen and the Indus
trial School for Children, and gave $600,-
000 to Adelbert college of Western Re
serve university. He died May 11, 1883,
in Cleveland, Ohio.
STONE, ANDREW LEETE, clergyman,
author, was born Nov. 25, 1815, in Ox
ford, Conn. He was a congregational
elergyman in San Francisco from 1866;
and the author of Service the End of Liv
ing; Ashton's Mothers; Memorial Dis
courses; and Leaves from a Finished Pas
torate. He died in 1892.
STONE, ASAHEL, •state senator, was
born June 29, 1817, in Washington county,
Ohio. In 1862 he was appointed quarter
master-general of the state, and was sta
tioned at Indianapolis. In 1847 he was
elected a member of the Indiana legisla
ture on the whig ticket, defeating the
democratic and anti-slavery candidate.
In 1860 he was elected to the state sen
ate by a large majority, and also served
as senator during the extra sessions
called by Governor Morton in 1861. He
was a member of the house in 1873.
STONE, CHARLES W., agriculturist,
merchant, state senator, congressman,
was born June 29, 1843. in Groton. Mass.
He was appointed county superintendent
of schools of Warren county, Pa., in 1865;
was a member of the Pennsylvania house
of representatives in 1870-71; and was a
member of the Pennsyhania senate in
1877-78. He was lieutenant-governor of
that state from 1879 to 1883; and was ap
pointed secretary of the commonwealth
in 1887. He was elected to the fifty-first
congress to fill a vacancy; and was elect
ed to the fifty-second congress. He was
elected to the fifty-third and fifty-fourth
congresses, and re-elected to the fifty-
fifth congress as a republican.
STONE, COLLINS, clergyman and ed
ucator, was born Sept. 7, 1812, in Guil-
ford, Conn. In 1852 he was called as
principal to the Ohio state asylum for
the deaf and dumb at Columbus, but he
returned in 1863 to take charge of the
asylum at Hartford, where he remained
until his death. He died Dec. 23, 1870,
in Hartford, Conn.
STONE, DAVID, lawyer, jurist, United
States senator, governor, was born Feb.
17, 1770, in Hope, N. C. He was for four
years in the state legislature; and was a
judge of the supreme court of North Caro
lina from 1795 to 1798. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1799 to 1801;
was a senator in congress from 1801 to
1807; and was governor of North Caro
lina in 1808. He served a second time as
United States senator from 1813 to 1814.
He died Oct. 7, 1818, in Raleigh, N. C.
STONE. DAVID MARVIN, journalist,
author, was born Dec. 23, 1817, in Oxford,
Conn. He was a noted journalist of New
York city, and editor of The Journal of
Commerce in 1849-93. He published Frank
Forrest (1850), a work that passed into
twenty editions. He died in 1895.
STONE, EBEN F., soldier, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1822
in Newburyport, Mass. He served terms
in each branch of the state legislature;
and served in the union army during the
war of the rebellion, in command of a
regiment. He was elected a representa-
ti\e from Massachusetts to the forty-
seventh, forty-eighth and forty-ninth
congresses as a republican.
STONE, EBENEZER WHITTEN, sol
dier, author, was born June 10, 1801, in
Boston, Mass. He was an adjutant-gen
eral of the Massachusetts militia from
1851 ; and the author of Digest of Massa
chusetts Militia Laws; Compend of In
structions in Military Tactics; and Man
ual of Percussion Aim. He died April 18,
1880, in Roxbury, Mass.
STONE, EDWIN MARTIN, clergyman,
author, was born April 29, 1805, in Fram-
ingham, Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman of Providence; and the author
of Life of Elhanan Winchester; History
of Barre, Massachusetts, 1630-1842; The
Invasion of Canada in 1775; and Our
French Allies in the Revolution. He
died Dec. 15, 1883, in Providence, R. I.
STONE, EDWIN WINCHESTER, sol
dier, author, was born in 1835 in Massa
chusetts. He was a soldier in the fed
eral army during the civil war. He was
the war correspondent of The Providence
Journal and author of Rhode Island in
the Rebellion. He died in 1878.
STONE, FREDERICK, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Feb.
7, 1820, in Virginia. In 1855 and 1856 he
was a member of the Maryland state leg
islature. He was elected a representative
from Maryland to the fortieth and forty-
first congresses as a democrat.
STONE, GEORGE ROYAL, lawyer, leg
islator, was born May 16, 1843, in Ando-
ver, N. H. He has attained prominence
as an able lawyer of Franklin Falls, N. H.,
where he was twice, nominated by the
democrats a representative to the state
legislature.
STONE, HERBERT STUART, journal
ist, was born May 29, 1870, in Chicago, 111.
He is the editor and owner of The Chap
Book; and was the founder of the pub
lishing house of Herbert S. Stone and
Company of Chicago.
STONE, JAMES, congressman, was
born in Kentucky. He was a represen
tative in congress from that state from
1843 to 1845.
STONE, JAMES KENT, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1840 in Boston, Mass.
He is a Roman catholic clergyman of the
order of Passionists, and known as Father
Fidelis. He was formerly an episcopal
clergyman and president of Hobart col
lege.
STONE, JAMES SAMUEL, clergyman,
author, was born April 27. 1852, in Eng
land. He is an episcopal clergyman of
Chicago; and the author of Simple Ser
mons on Simple Subjects; The Heart of
Merrie England; Readings in Church His
tory; and Woods and Dales of Derbyshire.
STONE, JAMES W., congressman, was
born in 1813 in Kentucky. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Kentucky
from 1843 to 1845. and again from 1851 to
1852. He died Oct. 13, 1854.
STONE, JOHN AUGUSTUS, dramatist,
actor, author, was born in 1801 in Con
cord, Mass. He is a dramatist and actor.
He is best remembered by Metamora, a
play written for Edwin Forrest, for
whom he also wrote The Ancient Briton;
and Fauntleroy. Other dramas by him
are, Tancred; The Demoniac; and La
Roque. He died June 1, 1834, in Philadel
phia, Pa.
STONE, JOHN HOSKINS, soldier, gov
ernor, was born in 1745 in Charles coun
ty, Md. He was governor of Maryland
from 1794 to 1797. He died Oct. 5, 1804, in
Annapolis, Md.
STONE, JOHN MARSHALL, farmer,
soldier, legislator, go\ernor, was born
April 30, 1830, in Gibson county, Tenn.
He received a
thorough education
in the country
schools; and during
the civil war com
manded a regiment
of infantry in the
confederate army,
and served four
years in the army of
Northern Virginia.
During 1870-1876 he
served as a state sen
ator in the Missis
sippi legislature. During 1876-1881 he
served with distinction as governor of the
state of Mississippi; and during 1890-96
again filled the high office of governor to
the satisfaction of the people of that state.
In 1884-85 he was railroad commissioner.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
897
STONE, JOHN SEELY, clergyman, au
thor, was born Oct. 7, 1795, in Great Har
rington, Mass. He was an episcopal cler
gyman of Cambridge, dean of the Epis
copal Theological school there in 1867-72,
and prominent among the low churchmen
of his day. He was the author of The
Living Temple; The Christian Sacra
ments; Sermons; Memoir of Bishop Gris-
wold; The Christian Sabbath; and The
Contrast, or the E\ angelical and Trac-
tarian Systems Compared. He died Jan.
13, 1882, in Cambridge, Mass.
STONE, JOHN W., lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born July 18, 1838, in
Wadsworth, Ohio. He moved to Grand
Rapids, Mich., where he practiced law. He
was elected a representative from Michi
gan to the forty-fifth congress; and re-
elected to the forty-sixth congress as a
republican.
STONE, JOSEPH C., soldier, physician,
congressman, was born July 30, 1829, in
Westport, N. Y. He enlisted as a private
in the first Iowa cavalry in 1861, and be
came an assistant adjutant-general, serv
ing until the close of the war. He re
sumed the practice of medicine after the
war in Burlington, Iowa; and was elected
a representative from Iowa to the forty-
fifth congress.
STONE, LUCY, reformer, was born in
1818. In 1847 she graduated from Ober-
lin college, and the same year began the
modern woman's rights movement by a
series of lectures, beginning with one giv
en in 'her brother's church in Gardner,
Mass. In 1858 she married for her sec
ond husband Mr. Henry B. Blackwell of
Boston, Mass. She died Oct. 18, 1893.
STONE, MELVILLE ELIJAH, journal
ist, was born Aug. 15, 1848, in Hudson,
111. He published the first number of
The Daily News on Christmas day of 1875,
in Chicago, 111. This publication, under
his able management, has become one of
the foremost newspapers in America. He
is also connected with a banking institu
tion and other corporations of Chicago.
STONE, MICHAEL JENIFER, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born about 1750
in Charles county, Md. He was a repre-
sentath e in congress from his native
state from 1789 to 1791. He was subse
quently for many years judge of the
Charles county court. He died in 1812 in
Charles county, Md.
STONE, ORMOND, astronomer, educa
tor, author, was born Jan. 11, 1847, in
Pekin, 111. In 1882 he was called to the
chair of practical astronomy in the uni
versity of Virginia, with care of the Le-
ander McCormick observatory. Since 1883
he has edited The Annals of Mathematics
at the university of Virginia.
STONE, R. FOSTER, clergyman, lec
turer, was born in Bedford. He has lec
tured extensively in the principal states
of the union, under the auspices of the I.
O. G. T., W. C. T. U., and ministerial
associations. He is a prominent clergy
man of the methodist episcopal church,
.and fills a pastorate in Mendota, Mo.
STONE, THOMAS, signer of the decla
ration of independence, was born in 1743
in Charles county, Md. He was a delegate
to the continental congress from 1775 to
1779, and in 1784 and 1785. He was a sign
er of the declaration of independence; and
in 1778 was chosen to the Maryland leg
islature. He died Oct. 5, 1787, in Alex
andria. Va.
STONE, THOMAS TREADWELL, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 9, 1801, in
Waterford, Maine. He was a Unitarian
clergyman of Bolton, Mass.; and the au
thor of Sermons on War; Sermons; The
Rod and Staff; and Sketches of Oxford
County, Maine. He died in 1895.
STONE, WARREN, physician, was born
in February, 1808, in St. Albans, Vt. He
began teaching anatomy in 1836, in 1837
was appointed professor of that branch
in the university of Louisiana, and aft
erward accepted the chair of surgery,
which he held till his death. He died Dec.
6, 1872, in Baton Rouge, La.
STONE. WARREN, soldier, physician,
was born in 1843 in New Orleans, La. In
1873 he made what is thought to be the
first recorded cure of traumatic aneurism
of the subclavian artery by digital pres
sure. He gave his services to the people
of Brunswick, Ga., during the prevalence
of yellow fever in 1874 and in 1878. He
died Jan. 3, 1883, in New Orleans, La.
STONE. WILBUR FISK, lawyer, jurist,
was born in December, 1833, in Litchfield,
Conn. For many years he taught school
in Indiana; studied
law; and for a year
was the editor-in-
chief of the Daily
Enquirer of Evans-
ville, Ind. In 1859
he moved to Omaha;
in 1860 to Denver;
and in 1861 was chos
en a representative
from Park county to
the legislature. Dur
ing 1862-66 he was
assistant United
States district attorney; and in 1877 was
elected to the supreme bench of Colorado.
He has contributed valuable articles to
current literature.
STONE, WILLIAM, governor, was born
in 1603 in England. In 1648 he was ap
pointed governor of Maryland, and served
until 1653. He died about 1695 in Charles
county, Md.
STONE, WILLIAM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Tennessee from 1838 to 1839.
STONE, WILLIAM ALEXIS, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born April 18,
1846, in Delmar township, Pa. He has
practiced law at Wellsboro and Pittsburg
since his admission to the bar; and has
been district attorney of Tioga county
and United States attorney for the west
ern district of Pennsylvania. He was
elected to the fifty-second, fifty-third and
fifty-fourth congresses; and re-elected to
the fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
STONE, WILLIAM DESSAN, lawyer,
jurist, was born Sept. 12, 1843, in Dade-
ville, Fla. He has been judge of theForsyth
city court, Ga.; and takes an active part in
political affairs. He has served as excel
lent warden of the grand commandery of
the Knight Templars in Georgia; and
stands high in several fraternal orders.
STONE, WILLIAM H., manufacturer,
congressman, was born Nov. 7, 1828, in
Shawangunk, N. Y. He was president of
the St. Louis Hot-pressed Nut and Bolt
company. He was a member of the as
sembly, and of the St. Louis board of
water commissioners. He was elected a
representative from Missouri to the foity-
third and forty-fourth congresses as a
democrat.
STONE. WILLIAM J., farmer, lawyer,
legislator, congressman, governor, was
born May 7, 1848, in Madison county, Ky.
He was educated at the university of Mis
souri; was prosecuting attorney of Ver-
non county from 1873 to 1874; and was
elector on the Tilden and Hendricks tick
et in 1876. He was elected to the forty-
ninth and fiftieth congresses, and was ri-.-
elected to the fifty-first congress as a
democrat. He is one of the foremost
lawyers of the west, at Jefferson City,
Mo., and has practiced his profession for
over a quarter of a century. He served
with distinction as governor of the state
of Missouri during 1892-1896.
STONE, WILLIAM JOHNSON, soldier,
state legislator, congressman, was born
June 26, 1841, in Caldwell (now Lyon)
county, Ky. In 1867 he was elected a rep
resentative in the Kentucky state legis
lature; was again elected to the assembly
in 1875, and was chosen speaker of tne
house. In 1883 he was for the third time
elected a member of the legislature. In
1884 he was elected a representative from
Kentucky to the forty-ninth congress.
STONE, WILLIAM LEETE, journalist,
author, was born April 20, 1792, in New
Paltz, N. Y. He was a journalist of
prominence in New York city, and the
first superintendent of public schools
there. He was the author of History of
the Albany Constitutional Convention of
1821; Tales and Sketches; Matthias and his
Impostures; Maria Monk and the Nun
nery of the Hotel Dieu; Ups and Downs
of a Distressed Gentleman, a social satire;
Letters on Animal Magnetism; Poetry
and History of Wyoming; Lives of Brant,
Red Jacket; and Letters on Masonry. He
died Aug. 15, 1844, in Saratoga Springs,
N. Y.
STONE, WILLIAM LEETE, lawyer,
author, was born April 4, 1835, in New
York city. He is a lawyer and historical
writer of Jersey City; and the author of
History of New York City; Life of Sir
William Johnson; Burgoyne's Campaigns;
Life and Military Journals of General Rie-
desel; Reminiscences of Saratoga and
Ballston; Life of William Leete Stone;
and Visits to Saratoga Battle Grounds.
STONE, WILLIAM M., governor. He
was governor of Iowa from 1864 to 1868.
STONE, WILLIAM MURRAY, bishop,
was born June 1, 1779, in Somerset coun
ty, Md. In 1830 he was elected the third
protestant episcopal bishop of Maryland.
He died Feb. 26, 1838.
STONE, WILLIAM OLIVER, artist, was
born Sept. 26, 1830, in Derby, Conn. He
gained distinction in portraiture, and de
voted himself entirely to that branch of
art. Among his numerous portraits are
those of Bishops Williams of Connecticut;
Littlejohn of Rhode Island; and Kip of
California; John W. Ehninger (1859),
owned by the National academy; Rev.
Henry Anthon; Cyrus W. Field; and
James Gordon Bennett. He died Sept. 15,
1875, in Newport, R. I.
STONEMAN, GEORGE, soldier, was
born Aug. 8, 1822, in Busti, N. Y. In 1846
he graduated from the United States Mil
itary academy, and
was brevetted ma
jor-general, and re
tired from the army
in 1871. He has since
lived in California,
of which state he
was governor during
1883-87. During his
administration the
California state tax
rate was lower than
it had ever been in
the history of that
state. He is a brilliant orator; and has
filled all the local offices in the gift of
his state.
898
HERKINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STOKER, BELLAMY, lawyer, jurist, ed
ucator, congressman, was born March 9,
1798, in Portland, Maine. He was a rep-
resentatue in congress from Ohio from
1835 to 1837; and was a presidential elec
tor in 3844. He served three terms as a
judge of the superior court in the district
of Cincinnati; and was a professor in the
Cincinnati Law school. He died June 1,
1875, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
STOKER, BELLAMY, lawyer, congress
man, was born Aug. 28, 1847, in Cincin
nati, Ohio. He was elected from Ohio to
the fifty-second and re-elected to the
fifty-third congress as a republican.
STORER, CLEMENT, United States
senator, was born in 1760 in Kennebunk,
Maine. He was a United States senator
from New Hampshire from 1817 to 1819.
He died Nov. 22, 1830, in Portsmouth,
N. H.
STORER. DAVID HUMPHREYS, phy
sician, surgeon, author, was born in 1804.
In 1822 he graduated from Bowdoin col-
,__^__ _ lege; studied medi
cine and became a
, ^l^' successful physician
and surgeon of Bos
ton, Mass. In 1837
he originated the
Tremont Street Med
ical school, and in
1854 was called to
the chair of obstet
rics and medical jur
isprudence in the
medical department
of Harvard univer
sity, of which institution he was also
dean of the faculty. He has contributed
valuable papers to various publications on
zoology and herpetology; and was the
author of Ichthyology and Herpetology of
Massachusetts; Synopsis of North Ameri
can Fishes; and History of the Fishes of
Massachusetts.
STORER, FRANCIS HUMPHREYS, ed
ucator, chemist, author, was born March
27, 1832, in Boston, Mass. He is an emi
nent chemist, professor of agricultural
chemistry at Harvard university from
1870, dean of the Bussey institute. He is
the author of Alloys of Copper and Zinc;
Manufacture of Paraffin Oils; First Out
lines of a Dictionary of the Solubilities
of Chemical Substances; Manual of Inor
ganic Chemistry; Manual of Qualitative
Chemical Analysis; and Agriculture in
Seme of its Relations with Chemistry.
STORER. HORATIO ROBINSON, physi
cian, surgeon, author, was born Feb. 27,
1830, in Boston, Mass. He is a surgeon of
note; and the author of Why Not? a
Book for Every Woman; Is It I? a Book
for Every Man; Nurses and Nursing;
and Criminal Abortion.
STOREY. MOORFIELD, lawyer, author,
was born in 1845, in Massachusetts. He
is a Boston lawyer living in Brookline.
Mass.; and the author of Life of Charles
Sumner.
STORK, CHARLES AUGUSTUS, cler
gyman, author, was born Sept. 4, 1838,
near Frederick county, Md. He was a
lutheran clergyman, professor of theol
ogy at Gettysburg in 1881-83; and the au
thor of Light on the Pilgrim's Way. He
died Dec. 17, 1883, in Philadelphia, Pa.
STORK, CHARLES AUGUSTUS GOTT
LIEB, clergyman, was born June 16, 1764,
in Germany. In 1788 he accepted a call
as pastor and missionary among lutherans
in North Carolina. When in 1803 the
synod of North Carolina was organized
he was elected the first president, and he
was annually re-elected whenever he
cculd be present. He died March 27. 1831,
in Salisbury, N. C.
STORK, THEOPHILUS, clergyman, au
thor, was born in August, 1814, near Salis
bury, N. C. He was a lutheran clergy
man of Philadelphia; and the author of
Life of Luther; Luther's Christmas Tree;
Luther and the Bible; Afternoon; Home
Scenes in the New Testament; and The
Unseen World. He died March 28, 1874,
in Philadelphia. Pa.
STORM. JOHN B., educator, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 19, 1838. in
Monroe county. Pa. He was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-second, forty-third, forty-eighth and
forty-ninth congresses as a democrat.
STORM, JOHN C., lawyer, was born
March 6, 1866, in New England. He re
ceived a thorough education in the pub
lic schools, and grad
uated from the Mis
souri state univer
sity. He has gained
distinction as an
able lawyer of Kirks-
\ille.Mo.; has served
as city attorney; and
takes a prominent
part in public affairs.
He is also a constant
contributor to many
of the leading news
papers and maga
zines of the United States.
STORRS, CHARLES BACKUS, clergy
man, abolitionist, college president, was
born May 15, 1794, in Long Meadow, Mass.
In 1831 he was elected president of the
Western Reserve college. He died Sept.
15, 1833, in Braintree, Mass. His death
was the subject of one of Whittier's most
stirring anti-slavery poems.
STORRS, HENRY RANDOLPH, lawyer,
congressman, was born Sept. 3, 1787, in
Middletown, Conn. He was a representa
tive in congress from New York from 1819
to 1821, and from 1823 to 1831. He died
July 29, 1837. in New Haven, Conn.
STORRS. RICHARD SALTER, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 21. 1821, in
Braintree, Mass. He was a distinguished
congregational cler
gyman of Brooklyn,
pastor of the Church
of the Pilgrims from
1846; and the author
of The Constitution
of the Human Soul;
Historical Address
es; Divine Origin of
Christianity; Condi
tions of Success in
Preaching without
Notes; John Wy-
cliffe and the First
English Bible; Manliness in the Scholar;
Love to Christ; Recognition of the Super
natural; Bernard of Clairvaux; and Forty
Years of Pastoral Life. He died Aug. 11,
1873, in Braintree, Mass.
STORRS, WILLIAM LUCIUS, educator,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
March 25, 1795, in Middletown, Conn. He
was a representathe in congress from
Connecticut from 1829 to 1833, and again
from 1839 to 1841. He was judge of the
supreme court of Connecticut from 1840
to 1856; and was chief justice of that
court from 1856 until his death. He was
also professor of law in Yale college in
1846 and 1847. He died June 25, 1861, in
Hartford, Conn.
STORTS, JEFFERSON DAVIS, journal
ist, lawyer, legislator, was born March 18,
1858, in Lawrence county, Ark. During
1S77-84 he was engaged in journalism; and
since that time has practiced law, and is
now one of the foremost lawyers of Mis
souri at St. Louis. For two years he was
prosecuting attorney of Shannon county;
and in 1883-85 served with distinction as
a member of the Missouri state legisla
ture. He has also been a nominee for
congressman on the democratic ticket.
STORY, GEORGE HENRY, artist, was
born Jan. 22, 1835, in New Haven, Conn.
He has attained success as an artist; and
is curator in the department of painting
in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New
York city. He has been president of the
Artist's Fund society; vice-president of
the Lotos club; an associate of the Na
tional Academy of Design; and is a prom
inent member of various other societies.
STORY, ISAAC, lawyer, poet, was born
Aug. 25, 1774, in Marblehead, Mass. He
was a lawyer and verse writer of Castine,
Maine; and the author of An Epistle from
Tarico to Inkle; Consolatory Odes; and A
Parnassian Shop. He died July 19, 1803.
in Marblehead, Mass.
STORY. JOSEPH, lawyer, jurist, state
legislator, congressman, author, was born
Sept. 18, 1779, in Marblehead, Mass. He
was a member of the Massachusetts state
legislature in 1805, and was elected speak
er. During the years 1808 and 1809 he
was a representative in congress; and in
1811 was appointed a judge of the supreme
court of the United States, which office he
held until his death. He was the author of
The Power of Solitude, with Fugitive Po
ems, a somewhat callow performance; and
his first legal production, which appeared
in 1805, was a Selection of Pleadings in
Civil Actions. His subsequent works in
clude, Commentaries on the Constitution
of the United States; The Conflict of
Laws, his most able effort; Equity Juris
prudence; The Law of Agency; Law of
Bailments; Equity Pleadings; Law of
Partnership; Law of Promissory Notes;
and Miscellaneous Writings. He died
Sept. 10, 1845, in Cambridge, Mass.
STORY, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, was
born April 4, 1843, in Waukesha, Wis. He
attended the Salem Classical and High
schools, Mass.; and graduated from the
law department of the Michigan univer
sity. He is one of the foremost lawyers
of the West at Ouray, Colo. In 1867-68 he
was judge of the eighth circuit of Arkan
sas; during 1868-73 was judge of the sec
ond circuit of Arkansas; and in 1869 was
special chief justice of Arkansas. During
1871-74 he was judge of the United States
district court, western district of Arkan
sas; and in 1891-92 he served with dis
tinction as lieutenant-governor of Colo
rado.
STORY. WILLIAM WETMORE, lawyer,
sculptor, author, poet, was born Feb. 12,
1819, in Salem, Mass. His prose writings
include. The Law of Contracts; The Law
of Sales; Life of Joseph Story; Propor
tions of the Human Figure; Roba di Ro
ma; The American Question; Fiammetta,
a novel; Conversations in a Studio; and
Excursions in Art and Letters. The Cas
tle of St. Angelo; A Roman Lawyer in
Jerusalem; Nero, an Historical Play; and
a two-volume edition of Poems, com
prise his verse. He and She: a Poet's-
Portfolio; and A Poet's Portfolio: Later
Readings, contain both poetry and prose.
He died in 1895.
STOTT, CHARLES ADAMS, soldier,
manufacturer, legislator, was born Aug.
18, 1835. in Lowell, Mass. During the
civil war he served as major of the sixth
regiment Massachusetts \olunteer infant
ry. In 1867 he was elected a member of
the Massachusetts state legislature; and
during 1875-76 was mayor of Lowell,
Mass.
HKRRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
899
STOUGHTON, EDWIN HENRY, sol
dier, lawyer, was born June 28, 1838, in
Springfield, Vt. His services in the civil
•war gained for' him promotion to the rank
of brigadier-general of volunteers in 1862
He died Dec. 25, 1868, in Boston, Mass.
STOUGHTON, WILLIAM, 'governor, was
torn May 30, 1632, in England. He was
lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts;
and in 1699 was acting governor. He died
July 7, 1701, in Dorchester, Mass.
STOUGHTON, WILLIAM LEWIS, sol
dier, lawyer, congressman, was born
March 20, 1827, in Bangor, N. Y. From
1856 to 1860 he was prosecuting attorney;
and in 1861 was appointed United States
district attorney for Michigan. He en
tered the volunteer army as lieutenant-
colonel; and was bre\etted a brigadier-
general for gallantry on the field, and
after the war was brevetted a major-gen
eral. In 1866 he was elected attorney-gen
eral of Michigan. In 1868 he was elect
ed a representative from that state to the
forty-first congress; and was re-elected
to the forty-second congress as a repub
lican. He died June 6, 1888, in Sturgis,
Mich.
STOUT, ADELAIDE, poet. Her poems,
Little One, Gathering Mint, Sweet Brier,
Consider, Pets, are among her recent pro
ductions which have elicited much com
ment, ghing her the reputation of being
one of the ablest writers in the western
part of New York.
STOUT, BRYON GRAY, agriculturist,
banker, congressman, was born in 1829
near Canandaigua, N. Y. In 1854 he was
elected to the Mich
igan state legisla
ture; and was re-
elected in 1856, and
chosen speaker of
the house. He was
state senator in 1860;
and was president
pro tempore of the
senate. He was a
member of the Phil
adelphia convention
of 1866; and also of
the national demo
cratic conventions of 1868, 1880 and 1888.
He was engaged in private banking prior
to 1869, and from that time in agricul
ture. He was elected to the fifty-second
congress as a democrat. He died June 19,
1896, in Pontiac, Mich.
STOUT, JACOB, governor. While hold
ing the position of lieutenant-governor of
Delaware in 1820 he was acting-governor
of that state, serving one year.
STOUT, LANSING, educator, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, congressman, was
born March 27, 1828, in Pamelia, N. Y. In
1856 he was elected to the California leg
islature. In 1857 he w«nt to Oregon and
turned his attention to the practice of
law; and in 1858 was elected judge of
Multnomah county. Before the close of
that year he was elected a representative
from Oregon to the thirty-sixth con
gress; and subsequently served in the
state legislature. He died in 1870.
STOVER, ELIAS S., merchant, mining
operator, state senator, was born Nov.
22, 1836, in Rockland", Maine. He has
been a member of the house and senate of
the Kansas legislature, of which state he
was lieutenant-governor. He is a promi
nent merchant and mining operator of Al
buquerque, N. M.; and is a member of the
senate in the legislature of that state. He
has also contributed valuable articles on
current topics to the periodical press.
STOVER, JOHN H., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 24. 1833, in
Aaronsburg, Pa. In 1861 he entered the
volunteer army as a
private; was at once
made a captain;
served as major of
the one hundred and
sixth regiment of
Pennsylvania volun
teers until 1864; and
was then colonel of
the one hundred and
eighty-fourth regi
ment until the close
of the war. He par
ticipated in the bat
tle of Yorktown, the seven days' battles,
and those of Fredericksburg, Antietam,
Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, and was
present at the final surrender of the con
federate forces. He moved to Missouri;
and was elected a representative from
that state to the fortieth congress to fill
a vacancy.,
STOW, BARON, clergyman, author, was
born June 16, 1801, in Croydori, N. H.. He
was a baptist clergyman of Boston, of
much prominence in his day, among
whose writings are, Helen's Pilgrimage;
History of the English Baptist Mission
to India; Christian Brotherhood; and
First Things. He died Dec. 27, 1869, in
Boston, Mass.
STOW, SILAS, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from New York
from 1811 to 1813.
STOWE, CALVIN ELLIS, educator,
clergyman, author, was born April 6,
1802, in Natick, Mass. In 1824 he grad
uated from Bowdoin
.^^ college; and then
entered educational
work. In 1830 he had
the editorial charge
of the Boston Re
corder; and during
'^jjf^'t 1831-33 was in the
chair of languages
at Hanover. He then
filled the chair of
biblical literature in
the Lane seminary
of Cincinnati, Ohio,
where he remained for seventeen years.
He was the author of an Introduction to
the Study of the Bible; and has also made
numerous and valuable contributions to
literary and religious periodicals. His
other works are, Origin and History of
the Books of the Bible; Elementary In
struction in Europe; and Lectures on the
Sacred Poetry of the Hebrews. He was
the husband of the noted Harriet Beecher
Stowe. He died Aug. 22, 1886, in Hart
ford, Conn.
STOWE, MRS. HARRIET ELIZABETH
[BEECHER], author, poet, was born Jan.
14, 1812, in Litchfield, Conn. In 1850 she
removed to Bruns-
• wick, Maine, and,
having by this time
become deeply im
pressed with the
wrong of slavery,
l she wrote Uncle
Tom's Cabin for The
j National Era at
Washington, in which
paper it appeared
serially from June,
1851, till April, 1852.
The Minister's Woo
ing, a novel of the early days of the re
public, must rank as her finest work. The
quality of her other work is uneven, its
highest level being represented by Old-
town Folks; The Pearl of Orr's Island;
Dred; The Chimney Corner; and Relig
ious Poems, among which is the well
known hymn, Still, Still with Thee. Her
lesser works comprise, My Wife and I;
Sam Lawson's Fireside Stories; We and
Our Neighbors; Little Foxes; The May
flower, and Other Sketches; Sunny Mem
ories of Foreign Lands; Our Charley; Ag
nes of Sorrento, an Italian novel; House
and Home Papers; Stories about Our
Dogs; Queer Little People; Daisy's tirst
Winter; Men of Our Times, biographical
sketches; The American Woman's Home
(with Catherine Beecher); Little Pussy
Willow; Pink and White Tyranny; Pal
metto Leaves; Betty's Bright Idea; Foot
steps of the Master; Bible Heroines;
Poganuc People; and A Dog's Mission.
She died in 1896.
STOWELL, CHARLES HENRY, micro-
scopist, author, was born in 1850 in New
York. He is a microscopist, professor of
histology in the university of Michigan;
and the author of Students' Manual of
Microscopy; Physiology and Hygiene;
The Microscopical Structure of the Human
Tooth; A Primer of Health; A Healthy
Body; and Essentials of Health.
STOWELL, JOHN M., manufacturer,
journalist, was born in 1824 in New York.
In 1856 he moved to Milwaukee, where he
was engaged in journalistic work, and
served that city as mayor.
STOWELL, MRS. LOUISA MARIA
[REED], educator, author, was born Dec.
23, 1850, in Grand Blanc, Mich. She is an
instructor in microscopical botany at the
university of Michigan for twelve years;
and the author of Microscopical Structure
of Wheat; and Microscopic Diagnosis.
STOWELL, WILLIAM H. H., merchant,
congressman, was born July 26, 1840, in
Windsor, Vt. He settled in Virginia in
1865; and was appointed collector of in
ternal revenue for the fourth district in
1869. He was elected a representative
from Virginia to the forty-second, forty-
third and forty-fourth congresses as a re
publican.
STOWER, JOHN G., state senator, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1827 to
1829; and was a state senator from Madi
son county in 1833 and 1834.
STRACHEY, WILLIAM, colonist, au
thor, was born in 1585 in England. He
was the first secretary of the Virginia
colony. He was the author of A True Re
pertory of the Wracke and Redemption
of Sir Thomas Gates upon and from the
Islands of the Bermudas, supposed to
have been the inspiration of Shake
speare's Tempest; Historic of Travaile
into Virginia Britannia; and For the Col
ony in Virginia Britannia: Lawes Divine,
Morall and Martiall. He died about 1640.
STRADER, OTTO, lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to Louisiana; and
in 1806 was appointed a judge of the
United States district court for the dis
trict of Louisiana.
STRADER, P. W., engineer, congress
man, was born Nov. 6, 1818, in Warren,
N. J. In 1868 he was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-first con
gress.
STRAIN, WILLIAM, agriculturist, legis
lator, was born July 10, 1860, in Bolinas.
Cal. He is a successful agriculturist of
Crescent City, Cal.; and served with dis
tinction as a member of the thirty-sec
ond session of the California state legis
lature.
900
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STRAIT, HORACE B., soldier, manu
facturer, banker, congressman, was born
Jan. 26, 1835, in Potter county, Pa. He
was elected mayor of Shakopee, Minn., in
1870, and re-elected in 1871 and 1872. He
was elected to the forty-third, forty-
fourth, forty-fifth, forty-seventh, forty-
eighth and forty-ninth congresses.
STRAIT, THOMAS JEFFERSON, sol
dier, state senator, congressman, was born
Dec. 25, 1846, in Chester, S. C. He was
elected state senator from South Carolina
in 1890; and was elected to the fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses, and re-elect
ed to the fifty-fifth congress.
STRANAHAN, MRS. CLARA HARRI
SON, author, poet, was born in Westfield.
Mass. She received her education in
northern Ohio, and
subsequently attend
ed the Mount Holy-
oke seminary and
the Troy Female
seminary. Her best
known work is A
History of French
Painting from Its
Earliest to Its Lat
est Practice. She is
also the author of a
large number of fu
gitive articles and
poems, which have been a valuable acqui
sition to current literature. In 1870 she
became the wife of the Hon. J. S. T. Stran-
ahan, of Brooklyn, N. Y., a member of the
United States congress, who is known
as the first citizen of Brooklyn.
STRANAHAN, JAMES SAMUEL
THOMAS, capitalist, congressman, was
born April 25, 1806, in Peterboro, N. Y.
He settled in Brook
lyn, N. Y., in 1844.
In 1854 he was sent
as a whig to con
gress, and served
from 1855 till 1857.
He was a member of
the first Metropoli
tan police commis
sion in 1858, and
delegate to the re
publican national
conventions in 1860
and 1864. Brooklyn
in indebted to him more than any other
man for Prospect park, the Ocean park
way, Eastern parkway, and the city's
beautiful system of boulevards. He died
in 1896.
STRANGE, JOHN TEDRICK, farmer,
lawyer, was born April 7, 1850, in Arcana,
Ind. He received a thorough education,
and after five years at Wabash college
graduated from that institution in 1877.
He is a prominent lawyer of Marion, Ind.;
was a delegate to the national convention
of 1896 held at Chicago; and takes an ac
tive part in the public affairs of his city,
county and state.
STRANGE. ROBERT, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator. United States senator, au
thor, was born Sept. 20, 1796, in Virginia.
He served a number
of years in the North
Carolina state legis
lature; in 1826 was
elected a judge of
the superior court;
and held the office
until elected a sena
tor of the United
States in 1835. He
was subsequently ap
pointed solicitor for
the fifth judicial dis
trict of the state. He
was the author of a novel entitled Eone-
guski; or. the Cherokee Chief. He died
Feb. 19, 1854, in Fayetteville, N. C.
.
STRANGE, WILLOUGHBY TEMPLE,
lawyer, politician, was born Sept. 6, 1860,
in Charlottes\ ille, Va. He is a son of the
confederate states
general, John B.
Strange of Virginia,
who was killed in
the battle of Sharps-
burg in 1862. He re
ceived his education
at the William and
Mary college of Wil-
liamsburg, Va.; at
the Richmond col
lege; and at the uni-
versity of Virginia.
He is one of the fore
most lawyers of Texas, and a leading
politician of Dallas, where he takes an
active part in the public affairs of his
city, county and state. In 1897 he was
made chairman of the congressional cam
paign committee of the sixth district of
Texas.
STRATTAN, OLIVER H., lawyer, au
thor, was born July 14, 1827, in Jen
nings county, Ind. He received his edu
cation in the public schools, at the Han
over college, and from private tutors in
Carrollton, La Grange, and Versailles, Ky.
In 1864 he was admitted to the Kentucky
bar; and has attained success in his pro
fession in Louisville, Ky., where he has
continuously lived since 1849. During
1851-58 he was clerk of the board of al
dermen; and the four succeeding years
was a clerk in one of the local courts of
Louisville. He has contributed extensive
ly to the periodical press; and is the au
thor of Industrial Economy, and various
other works.
STRATTON, CHARLES C., state legis
lator, governor, was born in 1796 in New
Jersey. He served a number of years in
the state legislature; and was a represen
tative in congress from New Jersey from
1837 to 1839, and again from 1841 to 1843.
He was governor of New Jersey from 1844
to 1848. He died March 30, 1859, in Glou
cester county, N. J.
STRATTON, CHARLES CARROLL,
clergyman, college president, was born
Jan. 4, 1833, in Mansfield, Pa. In 1887 he
accepted the presidency of Mills college,
Oakland, Cal. He was a delegate to tne
general conference of the methodist
church in Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1872, and
to that in Cincinnati in 1880.
STRATTON, CHARLES SHERWOOD,
dwarf, was born Jan. 4, 1838, in Bridge
port, Conn. He was known by the name
of Gen. Tom Thumb. When first exhibited
by Barnum he was not more than two
feet high, and weighed less than sixteen
pounds; but as he grew older his height
increased to forty inches. In 1863 he mar
ried Lavinia Warren, also a dwarf forty
inches in height and fifty pounds in
weight. They were the wonders of the
world. He died July 15, 1883, in Middle-
borough, Mass., and was buried in Bridge
port, where a marble shaft forty feet in
height was raised to his memory.
STRATTON, HENRY DWIGHT, educa
tor, was born Aug. 24, 1824, in Amherst,
Ohio. With Henry B. Bryant he estab
lished the Bryant and Stratton business
colleges, which at the time of his death
numbered more than fifty, located in the
principal cities of the United States and
Canada. He died Feb. 20, 1867, in New
York city.
STRATTON. JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from Vir
ginia from 1801 to 1803.
STRATTON, JOHN L. N., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in 1817 in Mount Hol
ly, N. J. In 1858 he was elected a rep
resentative from New Jersey to the thirty-
sixth congress; and was re-elected to the
thirty-seventh congress.
STRATTON, NATHAN T., congress
man, was born in New Jersey. He was a
representath e in congress from tha,. state
from 1851 to 1855.
STRAUB, CHRISTIAN M., congress
man, was born in Pennsylvania. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1853 to 1855.
STRAUS, ISIDOR, merchant, congress
man, was born Feb. 6, 1845, in Bavaria.
In 1865 he moved to New York city, where
____^___^_ his father founded
the mercantile firm
of Straus and Sons in
1866. He has been
' ^^t— -— . ' - connected with the
various tariff and
currency reform
movements, and is
New York city's rep
resentative on the
New York and New
Jersey bridge com
mission. He was
elected at a special
election as a representative to the fifty-
third congress to fill a vacancy.
STRAUSS, OSCAR SOLOMON, mer
chant, diplomat, author, was born Dec. 23,
1S50, in Bavaria. He is a municipal re
former of New York city, minister to Tur
key in 1887; and the author of The Orig
in of Republican Government in the
United States; and Roger Williams, the
Pioneer of Religious Liberty.
STRAWBRIDGE, JAMES D., soldier,
physician, congressman, was born in 1824
in Montour county, Pa. He entered the
army as a brigade-surgeon of volunteers,
and served throughout the war. He re
sumed the practice of medicine after the
close of the war, in Danville, Pa.; and
was elected a representative from Penn
sylvania to the forty-third congress as a
republican.
STRAYHORN, ROBERT JASPER, far
mer, jurist, was born Oct. 6, 1835, in Hay-
wood county, Tenn. He is a successful
farmer and ranchman of Snyder, Texas.
He has been county commissioner, county
judge; and filled various other public po
sitions of trust.
STREATOR, WORTHY STEVENS,
railroad president, state senator, was born
Oct. 16, 1816, in Hamilton, N. V. In 1870
he was elected president of the Cleveland,
Lorain and Wheeling railroad; but in 1878
he took the vice-presidency, which posi
tion he has since retained. He was a
state senator in 1868-72, and, under the
appointment of President Hayes, internal
revenue collector at Cleveland in 1879-85.
STREET, ALFRED BILLINGS, author,
poet, was born Dec. 18, 1811, in Pough-
keepsie, N. Y. He was a poet of Albany,
and state librarian of New York from
1848. His writings include, Frontenac;
Woods and Waters; Forest Pictures; The
Burning of Schenectady, and Other Po
ems; Drawings and Tintings; Fugitive Po
ems; and Digest of Taxation in the United
States. He died June 2, 1881, in Albany,
N. Y.
STREET, AUGUSTUS RUSSELL, don
or, was born Nov. 5, 1791, in New Haven,
Conn. He presented to Yale its school
of the fine arts, one of its finest buildings,
Titus Street professorship in the theolog
ical department. He died June 12, 1866,
in New Haven, Conn.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
901
STREET, RANDALL S., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born in 1780 in Cats-
kill, N. Y. In 1810 he was appointed dis
trict attorney for New York, and was re-
appointed in 1813. Soon afterwards, as
major and lieutenant-colonel, he served in
the army during the war with England.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1819 to 1821. He was
promoted to the rank of general of the mi
litia. He died in 1841, in Monticello, N. Y.
STREET, THOMAS, author, poet, was
born Nov. 29, 1821, in Gunthorp, Ohio. He
has contributed extensively to the peri
odical press; and his poems have ap
peared in Poets of America and other
standard works. He is a prominent citi
zen of Vineland, N. J.
STREET, WHITING, philanthropist,
was born March 25, 1790, in Wallingford,
Conn. He accumulated a large fortune,
and at his death left $106,000 to the city
of Holyoke and twenty-one adjacent
towns, to be used for the benefit of the
worthy poor that should not be already
in charge of the public. He died July 31,
1878, in Northampton, Mass.
STRIBLING, CORNELIUS KINCHI-
LOW, naval officer, was born Sept. 22, 1796
in Pendleton, S. C. He served in the
United States navy during the civil war;
and in 1865 served as commander-in-chief
of the east gulf squadron, and in 1867 was
created rear admiral.
STRICKLAND, O. P., lawyer, jurist. He
was an early emigrant to Utah; and was
appointed associate justice of the United
States court for that territory.
STRICKLAND, RANDOLPH, lawyer,
state senator, congressman, was born Feb
4, 1823, in Danville, N. Y. He was prose
cuting attorney for Clinton county, Mich.,
during 1852-62; and was elected to the
state senate in 1861 and 1862. He was
elected a representative from Michigan
to the forty-first congress.
STRICKLAND, THERON C., author,
was born Nov. 24. 1859, in New York state.
He is prominent as a teacher in commer
cial schools and colleges; and is the au
thor of The Twentieth Century Short
hand.
STRICKLAND, WILLIAM, architect,
author, was born in 1787 in Philadelphia.
He was a Philadelphia architect whose
chief professional work was the capitol
at Nashville, Tenn.; and the author of
Triangulation of the Entrance into Dela
ware Bay; Report on Canals and Rail
ways; and Public Works of the United
States. He died April 7, 1854, in Nashville,
Tenn.
STRICKLAND, WILLIAM PETER,
clergyman, author, was born Aug. 17, 1809.
in Pittsburg, Pa. He was a methodist
clergyman, pastor of a presbyterian
church at Bridgehampton, L: I., in ISbo-
77, whose principal writings comprise
Pioneers of the West: History 01 the
American Bible Society; The Genius of
Methodism; Light of the Temple; Old
Mackinaw, or the Fortress of the Lakes;
Christianity Demonstrated by Facts; and
The Astrologer of Chaldea, or the Life
of Faith. He died July 15, 1884, in Ocean
Grove, N. J.
STRICKLER, MINNIE MAY, writer,
poet, was born July 4, 1869, in Neosho
Rapids, Kan. She has contributed both
stories and verse to the periodical press;
and her poems have been a valuable ac
quisition to current literature.
STRINGER, SAMUEL, physician, was
born in 1734 in Maryland. He settled in
Albany, N. Y., and in 1775 was appointed
director and physician of the hospitals of
the northern department, and authorized
to appoint a surgeon for the fleet that was
then fitting out upon the lakes. He died
July 11, 1817, in Albany, N. Y.
STRINGHAM, JAMES S., physician,
lecturer, was born in 1775 in New York
city. He was professor of chemistry in
Columbia in 1802-13, and of medical juris
prudence in the college of Physicians and
Surgeons from 1813 till his death. He was
the first to lecture here on the latter sci
ence, and may be regarded as its founder
in the United States. He died June 28,
1817, in St. Croix, W. I.
STRINGHAM, SILAS HORTON, naval
officer, was born Nov. 7, 1798, in Middle-
town, N. Y. In 1809 he became a midship
man in the United States navy. He passed
through all the grades, and was made a
rear-admiral on the retired list in 1862.
STRODE, JESSE B., soldier, lawyer, ju
rist, congressman, was born Feb. 18, 1845,
in Fulton county, 111. He was made prin
cipal of the graded schools of Abingdon,
111., which position he continued to occu
py for about eight years; and was twice
elected mayor and six times councilman of
the city of Abingdon. He moved to Platts-
mouth. Neb.; was elected district attor
ney in 1882, and served two terms. He re
moved to Lincoln in 1887 and practiced
law there until November, 1892, when he
was elected judge of the district court,
which position he resigned in 1895, having
been elected a representative to the fifty-
fifth congress.
STRODE, JOSEPH, public official, was
born in 1815. He is the oldest postmaster
in continual service in the United States;
and since 1845 has been postmaster of
Strode's Mills, Pa.
STROHM, GERTRUDE, author, was
born in 1843 in Ohio. She is a writer living
near Dayton, Ohio; and the author of
Word Pictures; Universal Cookery Book;
F'lower Idyls; and The Young Scholar's
Companion.
STROHM. JOHN, state legislator, con
gressman, was born Oct. 16, 1793, in Lan
caster county, Pa. In 1831 he was elected
a member of the legislature of his native
state, serving three sessions in the house
and eight in the senate, during one term
as speaker. He was a representative in
congress from 1845 to 1847, and for a sec
ond term ending in 1849.
STROMQUIST, CHARLES J., farmer,
legislator, was born Sept. 27, 1842, in Swe
den. He emigrated to the United States
in 1867, and is now a successful farmer
and stock raiser of Fremont, Kan. He has
been assessor, justice of the peace, county
commissioner, and served with distinction
in the Kansas state legislature for two
terms, during 1893-95, declining to be a
candidate for a third term. He was the
originator of the Swedish-American In
surance company of Kansas, and was its
president for ten years. Since 1880 he has
been a member of the board of directors
of Bethany college of Lindsborg, Kan.
STRONG, AUGUSTUS HOPKINS, cler
gyman, college president, author, was born
Aug. 3, 1826, in Rochester, N. Y. He is a
baptist clergyman of Rochester, N. Y.,
president of the Rochester Theological
seminary from 1872; and the author of
Systematic Theology; and Philosophy and
Religion.
STRONG, ABIGAIL SPURR, reformer,
was born Aug. 23, 1811, in Annapolis, N.
S. Her whole life was spent in religious
and reformatory work in Brooklyn, Bos
ton, and St. Paul, Minn., where she now
resides.
STRONG, CALEB, lawyer, governor,
United States senator, was born Jan. 9,
1745, in Northampton, Mass. In 1780 he
was chosen one of the council of Massa
chusetts. In 1779 he assisted in framing
the constitution of that state; and in
1787 also assisted in framing the constitu
tion of the United States, but did not sign
that instrument. From 1789 to 1797 he
vas a senator in congress; and from 1800
to 1807 was governor of the state; also
from 1812 to 1816. He was a presidential
elector in 1809. He died Nov. 7, 1819, in
Northampton, Mass.
STRONG, DANIEL GATES, educator,
college president, clergyman, prohibition
ist, was born Aug. 10, 1838, in Kenton,
Ohio. During the civil war he was chap
lain in me fourth regiment Ohio volunteer
infantry; has been president of the Wil
bur Collegiate college of Lewiston, Idaho;
was a delegate to the general conference
of 1880; and in 1892 was a candidate on
the prohibition ticket for lieutenant-gov
ernor of the state of Washington.
STRONG, GEORGE CROCKETT, sol
dier, author, was born Oct. 16, 1832, in
Stockbridge, Vt. He was a general in
the federal army during the civil war who
fell in the assault on Fort Wagner; and
the author of Cadet Life at West Point.
He died July 30, 1863, in New York city.
STRONG, GEORGE TEMPLETON, law
yer, was born Feb. 26, 1820, in New York
city. During the civil war he was treas
urer and one of the executive committee
of the United States sanitary commission,
in which capacity he rendered valuable
service. He died July 21, 1875, in New
York city.
STRONG. HENRY, lawyer, financier,
railroad president, was born in 1829 In
Scotland. He soon became widely known
as a lawyer and financier, through his
connection with \ arious railroad corpora
tions as general or consulting attorney,
including the Chicago, Burlington and
Quincy, the Des Moines Valley, the Union
Pacific, and the Atchison, Topeka and San
ta F6, of which last named company he
was president.
STRONG, JAMES, congressman, was
born in 1783 in Windham, Conn. He was
a representative in congress from New
York from 1819 to 1821, and again from
1823 to 1831. He died Aug. 8, 1847 in
Chester, N. J.
STRONG, JAMES, clergyman, author,
was born in 1822 in New York. He was a
methodist clergyman and educator of emi
nence, and professor in Drew seminary at
Madison, N. J., from 1868. His writings
include English Harmony of the Gospels;
Greek Harmony of the Gospels; Irenics;
The Tabernacle of Israel; Sacred Idyls;
Future Life; Jewish Life; Our Lord's
Life; Commentary on Ecclesiastes; and
Concordance of the Bible. He died in
1894.
STRONG, JAMES HOOKER, naval of
ficer, was born April 26, 1814, in Canan-
daigua, N. Y. He was commissioned com
modore in 1870; and in 1873 was promoted
to the rank of rear-admiral, and placed on
the retired list three years later. He
died Nov. 23, 1882, in Columbia, S. C.
STRONG, JAMES WOODWARD, clergy
man, educator, college president, was born
Sept. 29, 1833, in Brownington, Vt. Since
1870 he has been president of the Carleton
college of Northfield, Minn.
STRONG, JAMIN, physician, lecturer,
was born Nov. 27, 1825. near Rochester,
N. Y. For twenty years he practiced med
icine in Elyria, Ohio, and in 1869 was
elected to the state legislature. In 1891
he was appointed health officer of Cleve
land, where he died Jan. 29, 1895.
902
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STRONG, JEDEDIAH, congressman,
was born Nov. 7, 1738, in Litchfield, Conn.
He was a delegate from Connecticut to
the continental congress from 1782 to
1784. He died June 21, 1802, in Litchfield,
Conn.
STRONG, JOHN, pioneer, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, was born Aug. 16, 1738,
in Coventry, Conn. He represented Dor
set in the Vermont legislature in 1779-82,
and served as assistant judge of Benning-
ton county in 1781-82. He returned to his
old home in Addison, Vt., in 1783; sat
again in the legislature in 1784-86; was
first judge of the county court in 1785-
1801, and judge of probate in 1786-lsOl.
He died June 16, 1816, in Addison, N. Y.
STRONG, JOSIA'H, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 19, 1847, in Naperville, 111.
Since 1886 he has been general secretary
of the Evangelical alliance for the United
States. He is the author of Our Country,
of which nearly two hundred thousand
copies in English have been sold. He is
also author of The New Era of the Com
ing Kingdom; and other works.
STRONG, JULIUS L., lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born Nov. 8,
1828, in Bolton, Conn. He was a member
of the Connecticut legislature for two
years. In 1859 he was elected a represen
tative from Connecticut to the forty-first
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
second congress as a republican. He died
Sept. 7, 1872, in Hartford, Conn.
STRONG, LATHAM CORNELL, jour
nalist, poet, was born June 12, 1845 in
Troy, N. Y. He was a journalist and
verse-writer of Troy, N. Y.; and the au
thor of Castle Windows; Pots of Gold;
Poke o' Moon&hine; and Midsummer
Dreams. He died Dec. 17, 1879, in Tarry-
town, N. Y.
STRONG, LUTHER M., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born June 23,
1838, near Tiffin, Ohio. He enlisted as a
private in the forty-
ninth Ohio volunteer
infantry early in
1861, and was elected
captain of company
G and promoted to
OW major andllcutenant-
f colonel. He was sen
ior officer of the reg
iment anil in com
mand thereof from
about the time of the
fall of Atlanta until
after the battle of
Nashville; and resigned March 13, 1865,
on account of a wound. He is a successful
lawyer of Kenton, Ohio; was a member of
the board of education for many years;
and was elected to the senate of the state
of Ohio in 1879 and re-elected in 1881. He
was appointed judge of the court of com-
n.on pleas by Governor Charles Foster to
fill a vacancy; and was elected to the
fifty-third and re-elected to the fifty-
fourth congress as a republican.
STRONG, NATHAN, was born Oct. 16,
1745, in Coventry, Conn. He was a con
gregational clergyman of Hartford; and
the author of Sermons; The Doctrine of
Eternal Misery Consistent with the Infin
ite Benevolence of God. He died Dec 25
I Mi:, in Hartford, Conn.
STRONG, NEHEMIAH, educator, cler
gyman, author, was born Feb. 24, 1730, in
Northampton, Mass. In 1770 he became
i he first professor of mathematics and
natural philosophy at Yale, which chair
he held till 1781. He published Astronomy
Improved. He died Aug. 12, 1807, in
.Bridgeport, Conn.
STRONG. SELAH BREWSTER, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born May 11, 1792, in
Brookhaven, Mass. He sen ed in the war
of 1812 and was made captain of his regi
ment in 1815. He took his seat in con
gress in 1843, and in 1846 was elected
judge of the supreme court, and served un
til 1860. He died Nov. 29, 1872, in Setau-
ket, N. Y.
STRONG, SIMEON, lawyer, jurist, was
born March 6, 1736, in Northampton, Mass.
He was a representative in the general
court of Massachusetts in 1767-69; a state
senator in 1793, and a judge of the state
supreme court in 1800-05. He died Dec.
14, 1805, in Amherst, Mass.
STRONG, SOLOMON, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman. He was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1815 to 1819; was a member
of the state legislature in 1812, 1813, 1843,
and 1844; and was judge of the court of
common pleas from 1818 to 1842. He died
Sept. 6, 1850.
STRONG, STEPHEN, congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He was a rep
resentative in congress from New York
from 1845 to 1847.
STRONG, THEODORE, educator, au
thor, was born July 26, 1790, in South Had-
ley, Mass. He was a professor of mathe
matics at Rutgers college in 1827-63; and
the author of Treatise on Elementary Al
gebra; and On Differential and Integral
Calculus. He died Feb. 1, 1869, in New
Brunswick.
STRONG, THERON RUDD, state legis
lator, congressman, was born Nov. 7, 1802,
in Salisbury. Conn. He served in the as
sembly of New York from Wayne county
in 1842; and was a representathe in con
gress from New York from 1839 to 1841.
He died May 15, 1873, in New York city.
STRONG, THOMAS MORRIS, clergy
man, author, was born April 20, 1797, in
Cooperstown, N. Y. He was a pastor of
the Dutch reformed church in Flatbush,
L. I., from 1822 till his death. He pub
lished a History of the Town of Flatbush.
He died June 14, 1861, in Flatbush, L. I.
STRONG, TITUS, clergyman, author,
was born Jan. 26, 1787, in Brighton, Mass.
He was an episcopal clergyman of Green
field, Mass.; and the author of Tears of
Columbia, a Political Poem; Candid Ex
amination of the Episcopal Church; The
Deerfield Captive; and The Young Scho
lar's Manual. He died in June, 1855, in
Greenfield, Mass.
STRONG, WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born May 6, 1808, in
Somers, Conn. He was elected from Penn
sylvania to the thirtieth and thirty-first
congresses. In 1857 he was elected a judge
of the supreme court of Pennsylvania for
fifteen years; and resigned that position
in 1868 and returned to the bar. In 1870
he was appointed an associate justice of
the supreme court of the United States.
STRONG. WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist, was
born in Vermont. He was an early emi
grant to the territory of Washington; and
was appointed an associate justice of the
United States for that territory.
STRONG. WILLIAM, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
Windham county, Conn. He was a repre-
sentathe in congress from Vermont from
1811 U» 1815, and again from 1819 to 1821.
He WJMS for eight years sheriff of Hart
ford county; and was judge of the same
county. He was a member of the state
legislature for eight years.
STRONG. WILLIAM EMERSON, sol
dier, merchant, was born Aug. 10, 1840,
in Granville, N. Y. In 1865 he was bre-
vetted brigadier-general of volunteers. He
was inspector-general' of the FYeedmen's
bureau from 1865 till 1866, and from 1867
till 1873 was secretary of the Peshtigo
Lumber company in Chicago, 111., of which,
he has been president since the latter year.
STROTHER, DAVID HUNTER— Porte
Crayon — soldier, artist, author, was bora
Sept. 16, 1816. in Martinsburg, Va. (now
W. Va.). He was an artist of Berkeley
Springs, W. Va., once popular as a maga-
zinist. During the civil war he was a,
colonel in the union army, and in 1865 he
was brevetted brigadier-general. He was
the author of The Blackwater Chronicle;
and Virginia Illustrated. He died March
8, 1888, in Charleston, W. Va.
STROTHER, GEORGE F., lawyer, con
gressman, was born in Culpeper county,
Va. He was a representative in congress
from Virginia from 1817 to 1820, when he-
was appointed receiver of public moneys
at St. Louis, Mo.
STROTHER, JAMES F., lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Sept. 4,
1811, in Culpeper county, Va. He served
ten years in the legislature of Virginia,
and was speaker during the sessions of
1847 and 1848. In 1850 he was a member
of the convention which framed the pres
ent constitution of the state; and was a
representative in congress from 1851 to>
1853. He died Sept. 20, 1860, in Culpeper
county, Va.
STROUD, GEORGE McDOWELL, law
yer, author, was born Oct. 12, 1795, in
Stroudsburg, Pa. He was a Philadelphia
jurist who published Sketch of Laws Re
lating to Slavery in the Several States.
He died June 29, 1875, in Germantown, Pa,
STROUP, CHARLES ADDISOiN, clergy
man, lecturer, was born July 31, 1872, ii*
Southington, Ohio. He has attained suc
cess as a clergyman and lecturer, and now
fills a pastorate in the First Congregation
al church of Mesopotamia, Ohio.
STROUSE, MYER, lawyer, journalist,
congressman, was born Dec. 16, 1825, in
Germany. In 1862 he was elected a repre
sentative from Pennsylvania to the thirty-
eighth congress; and was re-elected to the
thirty-ninth congress.
STROUT. SEWALL CUSING, lawyer,
jurist, was born Feb. 17, 1827, in Wales,
Maine. He is one of Maine's oldest and
successful lawyers; and is now associ
ate justice of the supreme court of Maine.
STROWU, WILLIAM F., farmer, con
gressman, was born Dec. 7, 1832, in Orange
county. N. C. He is a farmer of Pitts-
boro, N. C. He was nominated by the
populists for congress in 1892 in the fourth
congressional district; and was again
nominated by the populists in 1894, and
was elected to the fifty-fourth and fifty-
fifth congresses as a populist.
STRUBLE, GEORGE R., lawyer, legis
lator, jurist, was born July 25, 1836, in
Sussex county, N. J. He has been cir-
^^^_^^^^^^^^^ cult judge of the
eighth judicial dis
trict of Iowa; and iE
one of the foremost
lawyers of that state
at Toledo. He served
with distinction as a
member of the eigh
teenth and nine
teenth general as
semblies of Iowa;
and was speaker dur-,
ing his second term.
In 1896 he was a del
egate to the republican national conven
tion, held in St. Louis, Mo.; and for the
past quarter of a century has been prom
inently identified with the political af
fairs of Iowa.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
903
STRUBLE, ISAAC H., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 3, 1843, near
Fredericksburg, Va. He served in the
union army throughout the war of the
rebellion. In 1872 he moved to Le Mars,
Iowa, and continued the practice of law.
He was elected a representative from Iowa
to the forty-eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth,
and fifty-first congresses as a republican
STRUDWICK, WILLIAM E., congress
man. He was a representative in congress
from Maryland from 1796 to 1797.
STRYKER, MELANCHTHON WOOL-
SEY. educator, college president, author
was born in 1851 in New York. He is a
Presbyterian clergyman and educator,
president of Hamilton college from 1892;
Beside several hymnals, he has published
Miriam, and Other Verse; Hamilton, Lin
coln, and Other Addresses; and The Let
ter of James the Just.
STRYKER, PETER, clergyman, lectur
er, author, poet, was born April 8, 1826,
in Pairfield, N. J. He is an eminent cler
gyman of the reformed church, and now
fills a pastorate in Asbury Park, N. J.
In 1895 he became president of the general
synod of the reformed church of Ameri
ca; and has been manager of the Nation
al Temperance society since its organiza
tion in 1866. In 1883 he was president of
the New York State Temperance society.
He is the author of a number of popular
works, the most notable of which are
Three Little Graves; Gems for the Sa
vior's Crown; and a collection of poems
entitled Words of Comfort
STRYKER, WILLIAM SCUDDER, sol
dier, banker, author, was born June 6,
1838, in Trenton, N. J. In the beginning
of the civil war he assisted in organizing
the fourteenth New Jersey volunteers. He
was admitted to the bar in 1866, and for
some time was president of the Trenton
Banking company in New Jersey. He has
published many monographs relating to
the history of New Jersey, among these
being The Reed Controversy; New Jersey
Continental Line in the Virginia Cam
paign of 1781; New Jersey Continental
Line in the Indian Campaign of 1779
(1885); and The New Jersey Volunteers
in the Revolutionary War.
STUART, ALEXANDER, lawyer, jurist.
He was appointed an associate justice of
the United States court for the territory
of Illinois in 1809; and in 1814 was trans
ferred to a similar position in the terri
tory of Missouri.
STUART, ALEXANDER HUGH H.,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born April 2, 1807, in Staunton, Va. In
1836 he was elected
a member of the
house of delegates of
Virginia from the
county of Augusta,
and was re-elected in
1837 and 1838. In 1841
he was elected a rep
resentative in con
gress from Virginia,
and served until 1843.
He was a presiden
tial elector in 1848;
and in 1850 was in
vited by President Fillmore to fill the of
fice of secretary of the interior, which he
held until 1853, and then returned to the
practice of his profession in Staunton. In
1856 he was a member of the convention
which nominated Mr. Fillmore for the
presidency; and in 1857 was elected to the
state senate of Virginia for four years.
He died Feb. 13, 1891, in Staunton, Va.
STUART, ANDREW, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was elected a
representative in congress from Ohio from
1853 to 1855.
STUART, AMBROSE PASCAL SEVI-
LON, educator, was born Nov. 22, 1820, in
Sterling, Mass. In 1868 he accepted the
chair of chemistry in Illinois Industrial
university, where he remained until 1874.
His chemical researches have been pub
lished in the transactions of societies.
STUART, ARCHIBALD, congressman,
was born in Virginia. He was elected a
representative in congress from that state
from 1837 to 1839.
STUART, CHARLES BEEBE, civil en
gineer, author, was born June 4, 1814 in
Chittenango Springs, N. Y. He is a mil
itary engineer in government service; and
the author of Naval Dry Docks of the
United States; Water Works of the United
States; and Civil and Military Engineers
of the United States. He died Jan. 4 1881
in Geneva, N. Y.
STUART, CHARLES E., soldier, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, United
States senator, was born Nov. 25, 1810, in
Columbia county, N. Y. He was a member
of the Michigan legislature in 1842; and
was- a representative in the thirtieth and
thirty-second congresses. In 1853 he was
elected a senator in congress for six years
He died in 1887 in Kalamazoo, Mich.
STUART, DAVID, congressman, was
born March 12, 1816, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
He was a representative in congress from
Michigan from 1853 to 1855. He died Sept
19, 1868, in Detroit, Mich.
STUART, GEORGE, educator, author,
was bcrn about 1834 in Saratoga county,
N. Y. As co-editor of the Chase and Stu
art Classical Series he has published, with
Professor Thomas Chase, elementary Lat
in books and school editions of Casar's
Gallic War; Cicero's Select Orations; and
works of Sallust, Cornelius Nepos, Taci
tus, Virgil, and Ovid. He is also the au
thor of an educational tract on The Rai-
son d'etre of the Public High School.
STUART, HAMILTON, journalist, state
legislator, was born Sept. 4, 1813, in Jef
ferson county, Ky. In 1838 he removed to
Texas, where he established the Civilian,
an independent democratic iourcal, which
he continued for nearly forty years. He
has resided in Galveston since its founda
tion; was its mayor in 1848-52, and served
as a member of the legislature in 1847-48.
He subsequently became one of the edi
tors of the Galveston News.
STUART, ISAAC WILLIAM, educator,
state legislator, author, was born in 1809
in New Haven, Conn. He was thrice
elected to the Connecticut state senate.
While professor at South Carolina college
he produced an annotated edition of the
CEdipus Tyrannus of Sophocles. In later
life he gave much attention to American
history and antiquities. He died Oct 2,
1861, in Hartford, Conn.
STUART, JAMES EWELL BROWN,
soldier, was born Feb. 6, 1833, in Patrick
county, Va. He commanded all the con
federate cavalry at Bull Run; was made
brigadier-general in 1861; and major-gen
eral in 1862. He was killed in battle May
11, 1864, near Richmond. Va.
STUART, JANE, artist, author, was
born about 1810. For many years she fol
lowed the profession of portrait-painting.
She contemplated writing a life of her
father, and published several papers in
Scribner's Monthly in 1877. The work
was subsequently written, at her request,
by George Champlin Mason. She died
April 28, 1888, in Newport, R. I.
STUART, JOHN TODD, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Nov. 10
1807, near Lexington, Ky. In 1832 and
1834 he was a member of the Illinois
legislature. He was elected a representa
tive from Illinois to the twenty-sixth and
twenty-seventh congresses. In 1848 he was
elected to the state senate, serving four
years. In 1862 he was elected a represen-
tathe to the thirty-eighth congress. He
died Nov. 28, 1885, in Springfield, 111.
STUART, MARY McCREA, philanthro
pist, was born in 1810 in New York city.
She was known through New York as one
of the most philanthropic women there,
donating large sums of money to various
institutions, the principal one being the
Princeton Theological seminary. She died
Dec. 30, 1891, in New York city
STUART, MOSES, clergyman! educator,
author, was born March 26, 1780, in Wil
ton, Conn. He was a congregational cler
gyman and educator of Massachusetts;
and professor of sacred literature at An-
dover seminary in 1809-48. Among his
writings are Commentaries on the Epistles
to the Romans and the Hebrews; Hints
on the Prophecies; Conscience and the
Constitution; and Critical History and
Defense of the Old Testament Canon. He
died Jan. 4, 1852, in Andover, Mass.
STUART, PHILIP, soldier, congress
man, was born in 1760 in Maryland. He
was elected as a federalist to congress
from Maryland, and served with re-elec
tions from 1811 till 1819. During the war
of 1812 he was an officer in the Maryland
volunteers at the time of the British in
vasion. He died Aug. 14, 1830 in Wash
ington, D. C.
STUART, ROBERT, explorer, was born
Feb. 19, 1785, in Scotland. In 1810 he was
one of the founders of Astoria, Ore. In
1812, with a party of six, he traveled over
land from Astoria to New York; and the
story of the journey is given at length
by Washington Irving in his Astoria. He
was subsequently commissioner for all
the Indian tribes in the northwest; and
in 1834 became treasurer of Michigan at
Detroit. He died- Oct. 28, 1848, in Chi
cago, 111.
STUART, ROBERT LEIGHTON, mer
chant, philanthropist, was born July 21,
1806, in New York dty. In 1880 he gave
$55,000 to the Presbyterian hospital, New
York city; $100,000 to Princeton Theo
logical seminary; $100,000 to Princeton
college; and $50,000 to the San Francisco
Theological seminary. Mr. Stuart's chari
ties are continued by his widow, whose
New York residence is among the finest
in the country. He died Dec. 12, 1882, in
New York city.
STUART, MRS. RUTH McENERY, was
born in 18 — in Louisiana. She is the au
thor of A Golden Wedding, and Other
Tales; Carlotta's Intended, and Other
Stories; The Story of Babette; Sonny;
and Solomon Crow's Christmas Pockets.
STUBBLEFIELD, OLIVE, educator,
lecturer, was born in Olathe, Kan. She
received a thorough education in the
Southwest Kansas college and the Kan
sas State university. She has attained
success in educational work; has been
county superintendent of schools of Lin
coln county, Okla. ; and is a successful
lecturer upon temperance and kindred
subjects.
STIIBBS, PHILIP H., lawyer, legislat
or, was born April 7, 1838, in Strong,
Maine. He soon attained prominence as
an able lawyer. He has served as state
senator of the Maine legislature.
STUCKART, MARY COLEMAN, phil
anthropist, was born in 1854 in Canada.
She is a philanthropist of Denver, Col.,
and designed a plan for a co-operative
home, which should give to each family
their own private and separate house
and grounds; with a central building for
their common use.
904
HERRINGSHAWS KNCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
STUCKENBERG, JOHN HENRY WIL-
BURN, clergyman, educator, author, was
born Jan. 6, 1835, in Germany. He is a
lutheran clergyman, professor of theology
at Wittenberg college, Springfield, Ohio,
in 1873-80, and minister in charge of the
American chapel at Berlin from 1880. He
is the author of Christian Sociology; Life
of Kant; and Introduction to the Study
of Philosophy.
STUDEBAKER, CLEMENT, railroad
president, was born March 12, 1831, in
Adams county, Pa. In 1892 he was made
president of the Chicago and South Bend
railway at South Bend, Ind.
STUDEBAKER, JOHN, merchant, bank
er, was born Aug. 15, 1817, in Darke coun
ty, Ohio. He began his mercantile opera-
--^^^^^^- tions in a log cabin
in Bluff ton, Ind.;
was the agent of the
American Fur com-
>^ £. pany, and did a large
business among the
„ . Indians. In 1856 he
I entered the banking
\ business, and estab-
I lished the Exchange
bank, which Institu-
_ ,'"• tion in 1863 was
m, 4HM iiH'i-ged into thoFirst
National bank, of
which he was president. Since 1868 he
has been president of the Exchange bank
of John Studebaker and Company, which
s now known as the Studebaker bank.
He has been a candidate for congress, and
has taken an active part in the business
and public affairs of his county and state.
STUDEBAKER, JOHN MOHLER, man
ufacturer, was born Oct. 10, 1833, in Lan
caster, Pa. For five years he built wag
ons in California, and with his savings
then returned to South Bend and became
the partner of his brothers. When the
company was organized in 1868, the broth
ers made the subject of this sketch first
vice-president, and that position he yet
holds, devoting his attention mainly to
the mechanical department.
STUDEBAKER, PETER E., manufac
turer, Chicago, 111., was born April 1,
1836, in Ashland county, Ohio. The firm
of Studebaker Brothers took him into
partnership and sent him to St. Joseph,
Mo., to establish a depot, where he built
up a handsome trade with the plains. In
1884, the growing manufacture of fine car
riages compelled Mr. Studebaker to re
move to Chicago. Mr. Studebaker is now
treasurer of the concern.
STUHR, WILLIAM SEBASTIAN, law
yer, state senator, was born Oct. 1, 1859,
In Brooklyn, N. Y. He is a prominent
lawyer of Hudson county, N. J., where
he has a large and lucrative practice. In
1890 he was elected to the senate.
STUMP, HERMAN, lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born Aug. 8, 1837,
in Harford county, Md. He was elected
to the Maryland state senate in 1878, and
was made president of that body in 1880.
He was elected to the fifty-first and fifty-
second congresses as a democrat.
STURGEON, DA Ml-: I,, physician, state
legislator, United States senator, was born
Oct. 27, i'loit, in Adams county, Pa. In
1818 he was chosen a member of the Penn
sylvania house of representatives, serv
ing three terms; and in 1825 he was
elected to the state senate, being speaker
of that body the last three years of his
term. In 1830 he was appointed auditor-
general of the state, which office he filled
six years: and in 1838 and 1839 he was
state treasurer and ended the buckshot
war by refusing to honor Governor Rit-
ner's warrant for payment of the troops.
He was elected United States senator as
a democrat for the term that began March
4, 1839, and was re-elected to that body,
his last term expiring March 3, 1851. In
1853 President Polk appointed him treas
urer of the United States mint at Phila
delphia, which post he held until 1858.
He died July 2, 1878, in Uniontown, Pa.
ST URGES, JONATHAN, merchant, phi
lanthropist, was born March 24, 1802, in
Southport, Conn. He was distinguished
for philanthropy, and was liberal as a
founder or supporter of many charities
in New York city. He was at one time
vice-president of the New York chamber
of commerce, an active member of the
Century club, and a generous patron of
art. He died Nov. 28, 1874, in New York
city.
STURGES, MARY UPSHUR, author,
poet, was born April 7, 1828, in Accomac
county, Va. She is a successful writer
of New York city, and the author of Con
federate Notes, a novel; and a volume of
Poems.
STURGES, SAMUEL DAVIS, soldier,
was born June 11, 1822, in Shippensburg,
Pa. He served in the Mexican and In
dian wars. He resigned and joined the
southern confederacy in 1861, and in its
service attained the rank of brigadier-
general.
STURGIS. FREDERICK RUSSELL,
physician, surgeon, author, was born July
7, 1844, in the Philippine islands. He is
a prominent physician and surgeon of
New York city, and the author of Human
Cestoids; and Students' Manual of Ven
ereal Diseases.
STURGIS, JOHN F., lawyer, legislator,
was born Nov. 27, 1861, in East Spring
field, Ohio. This prominent lawyer was
a member of congress from the fifteenth
district of Missouri, and took a promi
nent part in the deliberations of that
body.
STURGIS, JONATHAN, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born Aug. 23, 1740, In
Fairfield, Conn. In 1775 he was chosen
a delegate to congress; espoused and sup
ported the cause of independence, and was
a representative in congress from 1789
to 1793, when he was appointed a judge of
the supreme court of Connecticut. He
continued in that office until 1805 and was
a presidential elector in 1797 and 1805. He
died Oct. 4, 1819, in Fairfield, Conn.
STURGIS, LEWIS BURR, congressman,
was born in 1762 in Fairfield, Conn. He
was a representative in congress from
Connecticut from 1805 to 1817. He died
March 30, 1844, in Norwalk, Ohio.
STURGIS, ORIN JONES, educator,
journalist, was born June 12, 1853, in
Fayette county, Pa. He received the rudi
ments of his education in the public
schools; attended the George Creek acad
emy at Smithfield, the Bucknell univer
sity, and in 1879 graduated from the
Brown university. For several years he
taught in the public schools; was post
master of Uniontown in 1884-85, and dur
ing 1881-91 was editor and part owner of
the Republican Standard of Uniontown,
Pa. In 1891-92 he was on the editorial
staff of the Pittsburg Commercial Gazette,
and since 1893 has been managing editor
and part owner of the Uniontown News
Standard.
STURGIS, RUSSELL, architect, author,
was born in 1836 in Maryland. He is
an architect of New York city, a valued
authority upon art, architecture, and
archipology, and the author of European
Architecture.
STURGIS, RUSSELL, merchant, was
born Aug. 3, 1831, in Boston, Mass. He
was United States consul at Canton, but
returned to Boston, and became a mer
chant in that city. In 1862-63 he served
as captain and major In the forty-fifth
Massachusetts regiment. He has been
actively associated with the Young Men's
Christian association since 1858, as presi
dent of the Boston association.
STURGISS, GEORGE C., railroad pres
ident, was born Aug. 16, 1842, in Poland,
Ohio. Since 1895 he has been president
of the West Virginia Northern railroad at
Morgantown, W. Va.
STURTEVANT, EDWARD LEWIS, ag
riculturist, journalist, author, was born
Jan. 23, 1842, in Boston, Mass. In 1881
he was called to the charge of the New
York agricultural station at Geneva,
where he remained for six years. Be
sides making large contributions to agri
cultural papers, he edited the Scientific
Farmer in 1876-79, the North American
Ayrshire Register and the annual Reports
of the New York Agricultural Experi
ment Station, and with Joseph N. Stur-
tevant, published The Dairy Cow.
STURTEVANT, JOHN C., manufactur
er, banker, congressman, was born Feb.
20, 1835, in Spring Township, Pa. In
1861, 1862 and 1864 he was an officer In
the house of representatives at Harris-
burg, Pa., and was elected a member of
the house of representatives for the ses
sion of 1865; and re-elected for the ses
sion of 1866. He removed to Conneaut-
ville in 1867, and was engaged in manu
facturing and milling until 1888. In 1874
he was appointed cashier of the First Na
tional bank of Conneautville, and in 1875
was elected president of the same bank.
He was elected to the fifty-fifth congress
as a republican.
STURTEVANT, JULIAN MONSON, ed
ucator, author, was born July 26, 1805, In
Warren, Conn. He was a prominent ed
ucator of Jacksonville, 111., professor in
Illinois college in 1830-86, and the au
thor of Economics, or the Science of
Wealth; and Keys of Sect. He died Feb.
11, 1886, in Jacksonville, 111.
STUTZMAN, FRANK ROSS, clergyman,
writer, was born July 7, 1866, in Somerset,
Pa. He is a successful clergyman, and
has presided over several of the greatest
conventions held by the disciples in Mis
souri. He has held pastorates in Missouri
and Illinois, and filled various official po
sitions with the organizations of the
Christian church; and is now state super
intendent of Christian Endeavor for the
Disciples. He has filled editorial posi
tions with Kansas City papers, and with
the Christian Publishing company of St.
Louis, Mo. He is the author of consid
erable Endeavor literature, and has con
tributed extensively to the periodical
press.
STUYVESANT, PETER, governor, was
born in 1602, in Holland. He received
an academic education; entered the
__^^___^_ Dutch military ser
vice, and was made
governor of a col
ony on the island of
Curacoa. In 1847 he
became • governor of
the colony of New
Netherlands, now
New York. When the
English fleet reached
his territory in 1664,
he was obliged to
surrender, and was
the last Dutch gov
ernor of the Island of Manhattan. His
title was captain, general and governor-
in-chief of Amsterdam in New Netherland
and the Dutch West India Islands. He
died in 1672 in New York city.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
905
SUCKLEY, GEORGE, soldier, physi-
cian, surgeon, author, was born in 1830
in New York city. He became brigade
surgeon in 1861, and was staff surgeon,
United States volunteers, in 1862-65. He
became brevet lieutenant-colonel and col
onel, United States volunteers, Aug. 15,
1865. He has published Reports on the
Natural History, Climate, and Physical
Geography of Minnesota, Nebraska,
Washington and Oregon Territories. He
died July 30, 1869, in New York city.
SUDDARDS, WILLIAM, clergyman,
journalist, was born in 1805 in England.
In 1834 he assumed the rectorship of
Grace church, Philadelphia. He was for
fifteen years either associate or sole edi
tor of The Episcopal Recorder; and ed
ited The British Pulpit.
SUDDATH, JAMES WALKER, lawyer,
politician, was born May 12, 1857, in Jack
son county, Mo. He is a prominent at
torney of Warrensburg, Mo.; has been
prosecuting attorney of Johnson county
for two terms; and in 1892 was elected a
democratic presidential elector. In 1894
he was a member of the resolution on
platform committee of the Missouri dem
ocratic state convention; and takes a
prominent part in the public affairs of
his city, county and state.
SUDDICK, MRS. LOUISE F., poet, was
born Oct. 21, 1856, in Farmington, Mo.
She is a writer of Cuba, Mo., her poems
appearing in the periodical press gen
erally.
SUDDS, WILLIAM F., musician, com
poser, was born March 5, 1843, in Eng
land. His compositions comprise both
vocal and instrumental music, and some
of his pieces have become very popular.
He has also published National School for
the Piano-Forte; and several collections
of music in book-form, including Anthem
Gems; and Modern Sacred Duets.
SUDDUTH, WILLIAM XAVIER, physi
cian, lecturer, was born Jan. 18, 1853, in
Springfield, 111. He prepared for college
at the Illinois State
Normal university,
and graduated from
the Illinois Wesleyan
university with the
degree of Ph. B.,
subsequently receiv
ing the degree of A.
M. from the same in
stitution. He grad
uated in 1881 at the
Philadelphia Dental
college, and in 1885
from the college of
Physicians and Sur
geons of New York city. He then studied
in the universities of Berlin, Heidelberg
and Vienna. He was a special lecturer on
biology in the university of Iowa, 1888-89,
in the university of California, 1891-92,
and in the Minneapolis academy, 1893-95;
and university extension lecturer on biol
ogy and psycho-physics, in the university
of Minnesota, 1893-95; and is now profes
sor of morbid psychology and psycho-
therapeutics and director of the psycho-
physical laboratory of the Post-Graduate
Medical school of Chicago; also national
lecturer on narcotics for the W. C. T. U.,
1896.
SULLIVAN, ALEXANDER, lawyer,
was born Aug. 9, 1847, in Waterville,
Maine. In 1883 he was chosen first presi
dent of the Irish National league of Am
erica, whose object is to promote home
rule in Ireland. This place he resigned in
1884, and now devotes his entire time to
his profession of law in Chicago, 111.
SULLIVAN, GEORGE, lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born Aug. 29,
1771, in Durham, N. H. He was a repre
sentative in the general court of New
Hampshire in 1805 and 1813. He was a
representative in congress in 1811 and
1812; was a member of the state senate
in 1814 and 1815, and was twenty-one
years attorney-general of the state, which
office he resigned in 1836. He died June
14, 1838, in Exeter, N. H.
SULLIVAN, JAMES, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, author, was born April 22.
1744, in Berwick, Maine. In 1775 he was a
member of the provincial congress. In
1776 he was appointed judge of the supe
rior court; was a delegate to the con
tinental congress in 1782; and was a
member of the executive council and
judge of probate. In 1790 was appointed
attorney-general, which office he retained
till 1807, when he was elected governor of
Massachusetts. He was the author of
History of Land Titles of Massachusetts;
Observations on the Government of the
United States; The Path to Riches, or a
Dissertation on Banks; The Altar of Baal
Thrown Down, or the French Nation De
fended; and Impartial Review of Causes
of the French Revolution. He died Dec.
10, 1808, in Boston, Mass.
SULLIVAN, JAMES WILLIAM, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1848 in Penn
sylvania. He is a journalist of New York
city, editor of social reform journals in
1893-96, and the author of Tenement Tales
of New York; So the World Goes; and
Direct Legislation through the Initiative
and Referendum.
SULLIVAN, JOHN, soldier, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Feb. 17, 1740,
in Brunswick, Maine. He attained the
rank of major-general in the revolution
ary army. He was a delegate from New
Hampshire to the continental congress in
1774 and 1775, and again in 1780 and
1781. He was for three years president
of New Hampshire. In 1789 he was ap
pointed a judge of the district court,
which office he held until his death. He
died Jan. 23, 1795, in Durham, N. H.
SULLIVAN, JOHN LANGDON, civil
engineer, physician, was born April 9,
1777, in Saco, Maine. He was appointed
engineer of the first canal in the United
States, between Boston harbor and the
Merrimac river, and in 1814 received a
patent for the first steam tow-boat. He
died Feb. 9, 1865, in Boston, Mass.
SULLIVAN, JOHN TURNER SAR
GENT, lawyer, author, poet, was born in
1813 in Boston, Mass. He wrote several
well-known songs, and, besides the mem
oir of his father, published translations of
stories from the German. He died Dec.
30, 1838, in Boston, Mass.
SULLIVAN, MARGARET FRANCES,
journalist, author. She is literary and
art editor of the Chicago Tribune and an
editorial contributor to the press of New
York. She is author of Ireland of To-Day;
and Mexico, Picturesque, Political and
Progressive.
SULLIVAN, THOMAS RUSSELL, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born in
1799 in Brookline, Mass. He was a uni-
tarian clergyman of Keene, N. H., in
1825-35, and from 1835 till his death an
educator in Boston. He was the author of
Letters Against the Immediate Abolition
of Slavery; and Limits of Responsibility
in Reforms. He died Dec. 23. 1862, in
Somerville, Mass.
SULLIVAN, THOMAS RUSSELL, au
thor, was born in 1849 in Massachusetts.
He is a novelist of Boston, and the au
thor of Tom Sylvester; Roses of Shadow;
Day and Night Stories; and several plays.
SULLIVAN, WILL VAN AMBERG,
lawyer, congressman, was born Dec. 18,
1857, near Winona, Miss. He was a mem
ber of the democrat
ic national conven
tion in 1892, and was
by the national dem
ocratic convention of
1896, at the request
of the state of Mis
sissippi, elected a
member for Missis
sippi of the natibnal
democratic executive
committee, which
position he now
holds. He was nom
inated for congress, though not a candi
date for the position, but a deadlock be
tween the four aspirants having contin
ued for several days, the nomination was
tendered to and accepted by him, and he
was elected to the fifty-fifth congress as
a democrat.
SULLIVAN, WILLIAM, lawyer, author,
was born Nov. 30, 1774, in Saco, Maine.
He was a lawyer of Boston, and the au
thor of Familiar Letters on Public Men
of the Revolution; Historical Causes and
Effects; and Sea Life. He died Sept. 3,
1839, in Boston, Mass.
SULLIVANT, WILLIAM STARLING,
botanist, author, was born Jan. 15, 1803,
near Franklinton, Ohio. He was a bot
anist of Ohio, and the author of Musci Al-
leghanienses; Musci Cubenses; Icones
Muscorum; and Musci and Hepaticse of
the United States East of the Mississippi.
He died April 30, 1873, near Columbus,
Ohio.
SULLOWAY, CYRUS ADAMS, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
June 8, 1839, in Grafton, N. H. He was a
member of the New Hampshire house of
representatives in 1872-73, and from 1887
to 1893, inclusive. He was elected to the
fifty-fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth
congress as a republican.
SULLY, ALFRED, soldier, was born in
1821, in Philadelphia, Pa. He served with
distinction through the Mexican and civil
wars; and attained the rank of brigadier-
general. He died April 17, 1879, in Fort
Vancouver, Wash.
SULLY, THOMAS, was born June 8,
1783, in England. He was a distinguished
portrait painter of Philadelphia, and the
author of Hints to Young Painters. He
died Nov. 5, 1872, in Philadelphia, Pa.
SULZER, WILLIAM, lawyer, legislator,
congressman, was born March 18, 1863, in
Elizabeth, N. J. He was educated in the
public schools, stud
ied law and was ad
mitted to the bar in
1884, and is a well-
known lawyer of New
York city. He was
elected to the legis
lature in 1889, 1890,
1891, 1892, 1893 and
1894; in 1892 he was
the leader of the ma
jority of the assem
bly, and in 1893 he
was speaker of the
assembly. In 1894 he was the leader of the
minority of the assembly. He was elect-
ted to the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth con
gresses as a democrat. As a lawyer he
has won considerable fame and reputa
tion, and has been identified with some of
the most important cases tried in New
York city. He has introduced and passed
some of the best laws for the people in
recent years.
906
HKKRINtJSHAWS KNO VC1.( >PKI )I A OF AMERICAN HIOCHAPHY.
SUMERVILLE, ALEXANDER, soldier,
was born in 1820 in Maryland. In 1839
he was appointed brigadier-general, com
manded an unsuccessful expedition to
Mexico in 1842; and in the latter part of
that year was collector of customs for the
district of Matagorda until 1845. He died
in 1854.
SUMMERBELL, JOSEPH JAMES, cler
gyman, editor, was born Jan. 23, 1844, in
Milford. N. J. He is an eminent clergy
man, and the present editor of The Her
ald of Gospel Liberty. He is a member of
the mission board and a trustee of the
Christian Biblical institute.
SUMMERBELL, MARTYN, clergyman,
lecturer, author, was born Dec. 20, 1847,
in Naples, N. Y. He has filled important
pastorates in Brooklyn and New York
city; and since 1888 has been pastor of the
College church of Bates college of Lewis-
ton, Maine. Since 1896 he has been a
lecturer on church history in the Divinity
school of Lewiston. He has published a
Minister's Hand-Book, and has been a
frequent contributor to the religious
press. He is also a noted lecturer on
oriental religions.
SUMMERFIELD, JOHN, clergyman, au
thor, was born Jan. 31, 1798, in England.
He was a methodist clergyman, renowned
for eloquence in his
day; and one of the
founders of the Am
erican Tract society.
He was a constant
contributor to relig
ious literature. He
i s the author of
Sermons and Sketch
es of Sermons, which
were posthumously
published. He died
June 13, 1825, in
New York city.
SCMMKUHKLI). MARCUS, educator,
lawyer, was horn Aug. 15, 1842, in Prus
sia. He received his education in Ger
many; from prhate tutors in the United
States; and in 1864 graduated in medi
cine from the medical colleges of Cincin
nati and New York city. Five years later
he was admitted to- the bar; and for ten
years he was professor of law in the
Law school, university of Kansas; in
which state he practices his profession at
Lawrence.
SUMMEHLIN, ADOLPH, journalist,
was born Aug. 24. 1857, in Keosauqua,
Iowa. For a quarter of a century he has
been the editor and owner of the Com
mercial of Mattoon, 111.; has been a can
didate for county judge and also for rep
resentative of the legislature.
SUMMERS, GEORGE W., lawyer, jur
ist, state legislator, congressman, was
born near Alexandria, Va. In 1830 he
was electeu a member of the house of
delegates, and continued to represent Ka-
nawha county in the legislature lor sev
eral years. He was elected to the nation
al house of representatives in 1841, and
re-elected in 1843, serving throughout the
twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth con
gresses. In 1851 he was unanimously
nominated as the whig candidate for gov
ernor at the first election of the governor
by the people. In 1852 he was elected
judge of the eighteenth judicial circuit in
Virginia, and served in that capacity for
six years. He was a delegate to the peace
congress of 1861.
SUMMERS, THOMAS OSMOND, was
born Oct. 11, 1812, in England. He was
a methodist clergyman of Nashville, and
the author of Commentary on the Gos
pels, Acts, and Ritual of the Methodist
Church South; Treatise on Baptism; On
Holiness; and Talks Pleasant and Profit
able. He died in 1882.
SUMMERS, WILLIAM DOUGLAS, law
yer, was born Nov. 10, 1862, in Kentucky.
He taught school for a while, and in 1882
moved to Harrisville, Mo., and two years
later was admitted to the bar. He is
now one of the ablest and most learned
lawyers of Missouri; takes a prominent
part an political affairs, and ranks high
in various fraternal orders.
SUMMEY, GEORGE, clergyman, college
president, was born June 3, 1853, in Ashe-
ville, N. C. This eminent presbyterian
clergyman since 1892 has been chancellor
of the Southwestern Presbyterian univer
sity of Clarksville, Tenn., and since 1887
has been editor of the Presbyterian Quar
terly.
SUMNER. CHARLES, journalist, law
yer, United States senator, author, was
born Jan. 6. 1811. in Boston, Mass. He
was a distinguished
.Massachusetts states-
m a n who succeed
ed Daniel Webster
in 1851 in the senate
of the United States.
He was a fearless
opponent of slavery,
and, in consequence
of this attitude of
his, was assaulted in
the senate chamber
by Preston Brooks,
of South Carolina, in
1856, and severely injured. He is the au
thor of The True Grandeur of Nations;
and Prophetic Voices Concerning Amer
ica. His complete works, including his
many orations and speeches, have been
issued in fifteen volumes. He died March
11, 1874, in Washington, D. C.
SUMNER, CHARLES ALLEN, lawyer,
jurist, was born Aug. 2, 1835, in Great
Harrington, Mass. During the war he
served as a captain in the second Mas
sachusetts volunteer infantry; and was
colonel of the first Nevada infantry. He
was congressman-at-large for California
in the forty-eighth congress. Prior to his
term of service in congress he was a mem
ber of the Nevada state senate during
1864-68, the latter year as president of the
senate. He is a stenographer of San
Francisco; and the author of Shorthand
and Reporting; Golden Gate Sketches;
Travels in Southern Europe; and a vol
ume of Poems.
SUMNER, CHARLES FLETCHER, phy
sician, legislator, jurist, was born March
28. 1817. in Hebron, Conn. For three
terms this eminent physician was a mem
ber of the Connecticut state legislature,
and probate judge for two terms. He is
a genealogist and the author of Bolton
Town History; and other historical works.
SUMNER, CHARLES PINCKNEY, law
yer, author, poet, was born in 1766 in
Massachusetts. He was a lawyer of Bos
ton, high sheriff of Suffolk county from
1825 till his death, and the author of Eu
logy on Washington; The Compass; and
letters on Speculative Masonry. He died
in 1839.
SUMNER, DANIEL H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Sept. 15, 1837, in Ma-
lone, N. Y. In 1871 he settled at Wau-
kesha, \vis., and in 1875 was elected dis
trict attorney and served two years. He
was unanimously renominated, but de
clined further service. He was elected a
representative from Wisconsin to the for
ty-eighth congress.
SUMNER, EDWIN VOSE, soldier, gov
ernor, was born Jan. 30, 1797, in Boston,
Mass. He was a major in the Mexican
war; was governor
of New Mexico in
1851-53; and in 1861
was appointed a bri
gadier-general in the
regular army; and
served with distinc
tion in a score of
battles and engage
ments. He was made
a major-general in
the regular army for
services before Rich
mond. He died
March 21, 1863, in Syracuse, N. Y.
SUMNER, GEORGE, educator, physi
cian, author, was born Dec. 19, 1793. in
Pomfret, Conn. He was a Hartford phy
sician, professor of botany at Trinity col
lege in 1824-55, and the author of Com
pendium of Physiological and Systematic
Botany. He died Feb. 20, 1855, in Hart
ford, Conn.
SUMNER, GEORGE, political econo
mist, author, was born Feb. 5, 1817, in
Boston, Mass. He lectured extensively on
philanthropic subjects, and contributed to
the North American and the Democratic-
reviews and to French and German peri
odicals. His advocacy of the system of
solitary confinement in Drisous led to.
its adoption in French penitentiaries,
which furnished the subject for a pam
phlet entitled The Pennsylvania System of
Prison Discipline Triumphant in France:
He died Oct. 6, 1863, in Boston, Mass.
SUMNER, INCREASE, lawyer, jurist,,
state senator, governor^ was born Nov.
27, 1746, in Roxbury, Mass. He was a;
state representative from Massachusetts,
from 1776 to 1780, and a state senator
from 1780 to 1782. He was an associate-
judge of the supreme judicial court from
1782 to 1797. He was governor of Mas
sachusetts from 1797 to 1799. He died
June 7, 1799, in Roxbury. Mass.
SUMNER, JETHRO, soldier, was born,
in 1730 in Virginia. He served throughout
the revolutionary war, attaining the rank
of brigadier-general. He died in 1790, in
Warren county, N. C.
SUMNER, WILLIAM GRAHAM, educa
tor, author, was born Oct. 30, 1840, in
Paterson, N. J. He is an episcopal cler
gyman, prominent as a political econo
mist, professor of political and social- sci
ence at Yale university from 1872, and the-
author of A History of American Curren
cy; What Social Classes Owe to Each
Other; Problems in Political Economy;.
Collected Essays in Political and Social
Science; Protectionism; Lives of Andrew
Jackson, Alexander Hamilton, Robert
Morris; and The Financier and the Fi
nances of the Revolution, a more extend
ed life of Robert Morris. He is also a
constant contributor to the leading relig
ious periodicals of the United States.
STMNER, WILLIAM HYSLOP, soldier,
lawyer, state legislator, author, was born
July 4, 1780, in Roxbury. He was one
of the original members of the Massa
chusetts Horticultural society. His works
include An Inquiry into the Importance of
the Militia; Observations on National De
fence; Reminiscences (1854); Memoir of
Increase Sumner, Governor of Massachu
setts; Reminiscences of General Warren
and Bunker Hill; History of East Boston;
and Reminiscences of Lafayette's Visit to
Boston. He died Oct. 24. 1861, in Jamaica
Plains, Mass.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
907
SUMTER, THOMAS, soldier, diplomat,
United States senator, was born July 14,
1736, in Virginia. He was a distinguished
soldier of the Ameri
can revolution, and
was a citizen of
South Carolina. He
was promoted, i n
1780, from the office
of colonel to that of
brigadier - general.
For his services he
received the thanks
of congress and the
applause of his coun-
f i . :iaa try. He was a rep
resentative in con
gress from South Carolina from 1789 to
1793. In 1801 he was elected a senator in
congress, serving until 1809, when he was
appointed minister to Brazil. After spend
ing two years abroad, he returned home
and was again elected to the senate He
died June 1, 1832, near Camden, S. C.
SUMTER, THOMAS D., congressman
was born in Pennsylvania. He was elect
ed a representative in congress from
South Carolina from 1840 to 1843.
SUNDERLAND, JABEZ THOMAS, cler
gyman, journalist, author, was born Feb.
11, 1842, in England. He is a distinguished
clergyman of the Unitarian church; the
founder and editor of the Unitarian
Monthly, and the author of A Rational
Faith; What Is the Bible? The Liberal
Christian Ministry; Home Travel in Bible
Lands; The Bible: Its Origin and Place
Among the Sacred Books of the World-
and Orthodoxy and Revivalism.
SUNDERLAND, LA ROY, author was
born May 18, 1802, in Exeter, R. I. He
was a writer who in early life was a
zealous methodist preacher, and after 1845
an equally zealous opponent of Christian
ity, slavery, spiritualism, and mormonism
Among his wriungs are: History of South
America; Book of Human Nature; Book
of Psychology; The Trance, and How In
troduced; Anti-Slavery Manual, and Mor
monism Exposed. He died May 15, 1885,
in Quincy, Mass.
SUNDERLAND, THOMAS, lawyer, jur
ist, was born in 1821 in Terre Haute, Ind.
After securing a large fortune, he en- •
gaged in the practice of his profession,
and became chief justice of the supreme
court of California. He died Oct. 9, 1886,
in New York city.
SUPER, CHARLES W., educator, col
lege president, author. He has attained
success in educational work, and is now
president of the Ohio university of Ath
ens. He is the author of A History of
the German Language from the Earliest
Times to the Present Day; and other
works.
SUPLEE, THOMAS DANLY, educator,
author, was born April 17, 1846, in Phil
adelphia. He is an educator of New Jer
sey, and the author of Frank Muller, or
Labor and Its Fruits; Pebbles from the
Fountain of Castalia; Poems; Plain
Talks; Riverside, a romance; and Civil
Government under the United States Con
stitution.
SUTHERLAND, GEORGE E.. soldier,
jurist, lecturer. For three years he served
as a union soldier during the civil war,
and was promoted to major. In 1886 he
moved to Milwaukee, where he was
elected superior judge.
SUTHERLAND, JABEZ G., lawyer, was
born Oct. 6, 1825, in Onondaga county, N.
Y. In 1849 he settled in Saginaw City,
Mich., and was made prosecuting attor
ney for that county, and in 1853 was elect
ed to the state legislature. In 1863 he was
elected circuit judge of the tenth circuit,
and was re-elected to the same position
in 1869 without opposition. In 1870 he
was elected to the forty-second congress as
a democrat.
SUTHERLAND, JOEL B., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born in 1791 in
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a representa
tive in congress from Philadelphia coun
ty, Pa., from 1827 to 1837. He died Nov
15, 1861, in Philadelphia.
SUTHERLAND, JOSIAH, lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born in New York. He
was elected a representative from New
York to the thirty-second congress, and
was subsequently a judge of the supreme
court of the state.
SUTHERLAND, RODERICK DHU,
lawyer, congressman, was born April 27,
1862, in Scotch Grove, Iowa. He was
elected county at
torney in Nebraska
in 1890; and re-elect
ed in 1892 and 1894.
He was elected to
the fifty-fifth con
gress as a populist.
He is one of the fore
most lawyers of Ne
braska at Nelson;
and while in con
gress served on a
number of important
committees.
SUTHERLAND, WILLIAM A., lawyer
was born May 30, 1849, in Hopewell, N. Y.
He was counsel for the republican state
committee in the celebrated senatorial
election cases in 1891, and in the contest
against the re-appointment of 1892. In
1894 he was one of the counsel in the
Lexow committee of the state senate
which investigated the affairs of New
York city. This successful lawyer is
prominent in political affairs, and prac
tices law in Rochester, N. Y.
SUTLIFFE, ALBERT, poet, was born
about 1830 in Meriden, Conn. He first
became known as a writer of verse for the
National Era, Washington, D. C., and in
1854 was a contributor to the Genius of
the West, at Cincinnati. He published a
volume of poems in 1859.
SUTRO, ADOLPH HEINRICH JOSEPH,
mining engineer, was born April 29, 1830,
in Germany. In 1860 he planned the now
famous Sutro tunnel through the heart
of the mountain in Nevada, where lay
the Comstock lode; and in 1879 the great
tunnel was finished and its projector be
came a millionaire many times over. He
was mayor of San Francisco, and has
filled numerous public positions of honor.
SUTRO, OTTO, merchant, musician,
was born Feb. 24, 1833, in Prussia. In
1868 he decided to engage in the piano,
organ and music and musical merchan
dise business in Baltimore, Md., which
business he is still connected with.
SUTRO/. THEODORE, lawyer, author,
was born March 14, 1845, in Prussia. From
1875 to 1880 he was employed as attor
ney for the Sutro Tunnel company of
Nevada; and published a book entitled
The Sutro Tunnel Company and the Sutro
Tunnel.
SUTTER, DANIEL, merchant, was born
Dec. 16, 1830, in Mount Holly, N. J. For
forty-five years he was identified with
the business interests of Philadelphia, Pa.,
and for thirty-two years was the senior
member of the firm of Sutter and Miller,
rubber merchants, retiring from active
business in 1896, and has since resided in
the place of his nativity. For twenty-five
years he has been a bank director, and
still continues in that capacity; also re
taining an interest in various other cor
porations as director, treasurer and stock
holder. He stands high in Masonry is a
thirty-second degree Scottish Rite, and
is a member of the Pennsylvania Histori
cal society, and the Horticultural, Colon
ial and Genealogical societies of that
state; and also a member of the Union
league, Trades league and other asso
ciations in Philadelphia.
SUTTER, JOHN AUGUSTUS, pioneer
was born Feb. 15, 1803, in Baden. In
1834 he settled in St. Louis, Mo., and in
1838 crossed the Rocky Mountains. He
subsequently went to Sitka, Alaska, and
in 1839 founded the first white settlement
on the site of Sacramento. He received a
large tract of land from the Mexican gov
ernment, and in 1841 built a fort, and
was appointed governor of the northern
frontier country. He died June 17. 1880,
in Washington, D. C.
SUTTON, A. LINCOLN, lawyer, legis
lator, was born June 21, 1866, in Oregon,
Wis. He is one of the foremost lawyers
of the west, and resides in South Omaha,
Neb. He has been justice of the peace;
served two terms in the Nebraska state
legislature with distinction; has been
county commissioner, Omaha, and filled
various other public positions of trust.
SUTTON, CICERO HOLT, lawyer, jur
ist, was born in Batesville, Ga. In 1843
he was admitted to the bar; was justice
of the inferior court in 1846, and re
ceived the re-election in 1848, and since
1847 has lived in Clarkesville, Ga. Dur
ing 1851-55 he served two terms as pro
bate judge of his county, and in 1865 was
elected judge of the county court; and in
1876 and again in 1880 was appointed to
that position by the governor. He has
won distinction as an able lawyer and
jurist.
SUTTON, JAY W., lawyer, business
man, was born Sept. 10, 1858, in Romeo,
Mich. In 1881 he was admitted to the
bar. He has been secretary of the Soo.
Mutual Building and Loan association
since its organization in 1888; and in
1897 was elected state banker for two
years by the Modern Woodmen of Amer
ica. He takes a deep interest in the
public affairs of Michigan at Sault Ste.
Marie; and is prominent in various fra
ternal orders.
SUTTON, WILLIAM BELL, lawyer,
jurist, legislator, was born Feb. 12, 1849,
in Indiana, Pa. He was judge of Oneida
county, N. Y. He subsequently moved to
Kansas where he has attained prominence
as an able lawyer, and member of the
Kansas house of representatives.
SUTTON, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer,
legislator, was born Sept. 11, 1835, in
Haddonfield, N. J. He received his edu
cation at the Dickinson college of Car
lisle, Pa.; the Wesleyan university of
Middletown, Conn.; and the Albany Law
school. He has been school director and
a state senator in the Pennsylvania leg
islature; and was instrumental in intro
ducing and passing many improvements
in statutory law. He has declined nom
inations for judge of court of common
pleas and for congress, preferring the
practice of law, in which he has been
eminently successful, both in criminal
and common law. He is a ready speaker,
but as a brilliant lawyer of Philadelphia:
he is most distinguished,
SUYDAM, JAMES AUGUSTUS, artist,
was born March 27, 1819, in New York.
His best known work is a characteristic
landscape painting known as Long Island
Shore. He died Sept. 15, 1865, in North
Conway, N. H.
•90S
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SUYDAM, JOHN HOWARD, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 1, 1832, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He Is a Dutch reformed cler
gyman of Jersey City from 1869, and the
author of The Cruger Family; Cruel Jim;
and The Wreckmaster.
SWAIM, DAVID GASKILL, soldier,
lawyer, was born Dec. 22, 1834, in Salem,
Ohio. He served with distinction through
out the civil war in the United States
army, and attained the rank of colonel.
He became judge advocate general of the
army in 1881, with the rank of brigadier-
general.
SWAIN, ADELINE MORRISON, edu
cator, suffragist, was born May 25, 1820,
in Bath, N. H. She received her educa-
^ tion in the public
schools, Newbury
seminary, Vermont,
and the Troy Con
ference academy of
West Poultney. For
<- many years she was
preceptress of the
* Troy Conference
seminary, and a
teacher of French,
Spanish and Italian.
She subsequently
held the same po
sition in Nunda Literary institute;
and taught drawing and painting in
both institutions. In 1883 she was
a candidate for state superintendent of
public instruction of Iowa; and in 1884
was state delegate at large to the presi
dential convention held at Indianapolis.
She has contributed extensively to cur
rent literature on different topics and
suffrage work.
SWAIN, DAVID LOWRY, lawyer, jur
ist, college president, governor, author,
was born Jan. 4, 1801, near Asheville, N.
C. In 1824 he was elected to represent
Buncombe county, N. C., in the house of
commons of the state. In 1831 he was ap
pointed judge of the supreme court; from
1832 to 1835 was governor of the state.
From that time until his death he was
president of the university of North Car
olina. He published British Invasion of
North Carolina; and other works. He
<iied Sept. 3, 1868, in Chapel Hill, N. C.
SWAIN, JAMES BARRETT, journalist,
author, was born July 30, 1820, in New
York city. He was a journalist of New
York city, postofflce inspector in 1881-85,
and the author of Life and Speeches of
Henry Clay; Historical Notes to Speeches
•of Henry Clay; and A Military History of
New York State. He died in 1895.
SWAIN, JOHN R., lawyer, writer, was
born Aug. 9, 1863, in Detroit, Mich. In
1868 he moved west with his parents, first
to Mapleton, Iowa, and then to Southland,
where he received his early education;
subsequently graduating from the law de
partment of the state university of Iowa.
He has attained success in the profession
•of law at Greeley, Neb.; was city attor
ney in 1892-93, and county attorney in
1893-94. He has been a member of the
city council for several years, and chair
man of the school board. He has con
tributed extensively to the periodical
press, and in 1895 was editor of the Gree
ley Herald.
SWAIN, JOSEPH, educator, college
president, was born June 16, 1857, In Pen-
dleton, Ind. In 1893 he was elected presi
dent of the university of Indiana, which
position he still holds.
SWAN, JOHN, congressman. He was
a delegate from North Carolina to the
continental congress from 1787 to 1788.
SWAN, JOSIAH ROCKWELL, lawyer,
jurist, author, was born Dec. 28, 1802, in
Westernville, N. Y. He was a prominent
jurist of Columbus, Ohio, and the author
of Treatise on Justices of the Peace and
Constables in Ohio; Manual for Executors
and Administrators; Pleading and Prac
tice; and Commentaries on Pleadings un
der the Ohio Code. He died Dec. 18, 1884,
in Columbus, Ohio.
SWAN, SAMUEL, congressman, was
born in 1771 in Somerset county, N. J.
He was a representative in congress from
New Jersey from 1821 to 1831. He died
Aug. 24, 1844, in Brunswick, N. J.
SWAN, TIMOTHY, musician, compos
er, was born July 23, 1758, in Worcester,
Mass. He settled at Northfleld, Mass.,
where he resided until his death. Some of
his psalm-tunes, among them China, Pow-
nal, and Poland, became very popular,
and are still to be found in collections
of church music. He died July 23, 1842,
in Northfield, Mass.
SWAN, WILLIAM B., physician, legis
lator, was born Feb. 16, 1864, in Paterson,
N. J. In 1892 he was elected a member
of the Kansas house of representatives
from the Topeka City district.
SWAN, WILLIAM DRAPER, educator,
author, was born Nov. 17, 1809, in Dor
chester, Mass. He was an educator and
bookseller of Boston. He published a
popular series of school readers; and a
series of widely used arithmetics. He
died Nov. 2, 1864, in Rochester, N. Y.
SWANGER, FRANCIS ASBURY, edu
cator, college president, was born May
3, 1859, in Milroy, Pa. He attended the
State Normal school of Kirksville, Mo.,
and the State university of Columbia;
and has had the degrees of M. S. D. and
A. M. conferred upon him. For many
years he taught in the district schools of
Sullivan county, Mo., and has been prin
cipal of schools in Greencastle, Carroll-
ton, Lancaster and Kirksville. He taught
physics and language in the State Normal
school of Kirksville, Mo., during 1889-91;
then taught mathematics until 1894; since
which time he has been president of that
institution of learning.
SWANGER, JOHN E., lawyer, educat
or, legislator, was born June 22, 1864, in
Milan, Mo. For a number of years he
taught school, was a superintendent of
public schools for three years, and is now
engaged in the practice of law at Milan,
Mo. In 1892 he was elected to the Mis
souri state legislature and received the
re-election in 1894.
SWANK, JAMES MOORE, author, was
born July 12, 1832, in Loyalhanna, Pa.
He is the general manager of the Ameri
can Iron and Steel association since 1885,
and the author of History of the Depart
ment of Agriculture; Iron Making and
Coal Mining in Pennsylvania; and Iron
Manufacture in All Ages.
SWANN, THOMAS, lawyer, banker,
governor. United States senator, was born
in 1805 in Alexandria, Va. He. was ap
pointed secretary of
the Neapolitan com-
jfil^^^ mission, and in 1834
settled in Baltimore,
" -»•» Md. Two years after
ward he was chosen
*• a director of the Bal
timore and Ohio
Railroad company,
I and in 1847 was cho-
I sen president of the
• same, which office he
resigned in 1853. He
was also president of
the Northwestern Virginia Railroad com
pany, disbursing in behalf of the two
roads about thirteen million dollars. In
1856 he was elected mayor of Baltimore;
was re-elected in 1858. He was the orig
inator of the Druid Hill park in that
city. He emancipated his slaves before
the rebellion, and continued a union man
during the war. In 1863 he was elected
president of the First National bank of
Baltimore. In 1864 he was elected gov
ernor of Maryland. In 1866 he was elect
ed a senator in congress, but declined to
leave the executive chair. In 1868 he
was elected a representative from Mary
land to the forty-first congress, and was
re-elected to the forty-second, forty-third,
forty-fourth and forty-fifth congresses as
a democrat. He died July 24, 1883, in
Leesburg, Va.
SWANSON, CLAUDE A., lawyer, con
gressman, was born March 31, 1862, in
Swansonville, Va. He was a delegate to
the national democratic convention of
1896. He was elected from Virginia to
the fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth
congresses as a democrat.
SWANW1CK, JOHN, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
i-ennsylvania from 1795 to 1798, but re
signed before the expiration of his sec
ond term.
SWART, PETER, state senator, con
gressman. He was a representative in
congress from New York from 1807 to
1809; and was a state senator from 1817
to 1820.
SWARTHOUT, SAMUEL, naval officer,
was born May 10, 1804, in New York
city. In 1820 he entered the navy as a
midshipman; was promoted to command
er in 1855; and took an active part in the
civil war. He died Feb. 5, 1867, in
Brooklyn, N. Y.
SWARTZ, JOEL, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 18, 1827, in Shenandoah,
Va. He is a lutheran clergyman, pastor
at Gettysburg from 1881, and the author
of Dreamings of the Waking, with Other
Poems; and Lyra Lutherana.
SWAYNE, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 10, 1842, in New Castle
county, Del. He has served as United
States district judge of the northern dis
trict of Florida, with headquarters at St.
Augustine.
SWAYNE, NOAH HAYNES, lawyer,
jurist, state legislator, was born Dec. 7,
1804, in Culpeper county, Va. In 1829
he was elected to the legislature of Ohio,
and in 1830 was appointed United States
district attorney for Ohio, holding that
position nine years, and residing in Co
lumbus. In 1834 he was chosen judge of
the court of common pleas, but declined
the office, and in 1836 was again elected
to the state legislature. In 1861 he was
appointed a justice of the supreme court
of the United States. He died June 8,
1884, in New York city.
SWAYNE, WAGER, soldier, lawyer,
was born Nov. 10, 1834, in Columbus, Ohio.
In 1865 he was brevetted a brigadier-gen
eral. He was a successful lawyer of New
York city, and subsequently of Chicago.
SWEARINGEN, HENRY, congressman,
was born in Pennsylvania. He was a
representative in congress from Ohio from
1839 to 1841.
SWEARINGEN, THOMAS V., congress
man, was born in Jefferson county, Vir
ginia. He was elected a representative In
congress from Virginia from 1819 to 1822,
when he died in Virginia.
SWEAT, LORENZO I). M., lawyer, state
senator, congressman, was born May 26,
1818, in Parsonville, Maine. In 1856 and
1860 he was a city solicitor in Portland,
Maine; and in 1862 was a member of the
state senate. He was elected a repre
sentative from Maine to the thirty-eighth
congress.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA C F AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
909
SWEAT, MRS. MARGARET JANE
(MUZZEY), author, was born Nov. 28,
1823, in Portland, Maine. She is the au
thor of Ethel's Love Life; and Highways
of Travel, or a Summer in Europe.
SWEENEY, W. N., lawyer, congress
man, was born May 5, 1832, in Kentucky.
In 1868 he was elected a representative
from Kentucky to the forty-first congre.ss.
SWEENEY, ZACHARY TAYLOR, cler
gyman, lecturer, author, was born Feb.
10, 1849, in Liberty, Ky. He received' his
=M=^^^^^t^_^ education in the Eu
reka and the De
Pauw universities.
P o r twenty-four
years he was pastor
of one of the largest
churches amoni; iliv
religious people of
his choice, and edi
torially connected
with several of his
denominational jour
nals. He has been
connected with But
ler university in the capacity of chancel
lor. He is the author of a book of tra
vel; has been president of the Indiana
Christian Sunday-school convention;
president of the Indiana Anti-Liquor
league; was United States consul-general
to the Ottoman Empire from 1889 to 1891,
and was imperial Ottoman commissioner
to the World's Columbian exposition.
He was decorated by the Sultan of Turkey
with the order of the Osmanieh.
SWEENY, GEORGE, congressman, was
born in Pennsylvania. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Ohio from
1839 to 1843.
SWEET, ALEXANDER EDWIN, sol
dier, journalist, author, was born March
28, 1841, in St. John, N. B. He is a
Texas journalist who served in the con
federate army, and is the author of Three
Dozen Good Stories from Texas Sittings.
SWEET, BENJAMIN JEFFREY, sol
dier, was born April 24, 1832, in Kirk-
land, N. Y. He served with distinction
through the civil war, and attained the
rank of brigadier-general He died Jan.
1, 1874, in Washington, D. C.
SWEET, ELNATHAN, civil engineer,
author, was born Nov. 20, 1837, in Chesh
ire, Mass. In 1876-80 he was division en
gineer of New York state canals, and he
was elected state engineer in 1883, which
office he held for four years from Jan. 1,
1884. His writings include annual re
ports that he issued from Albany during
the years he held office, and various tech
nical papers.
SWEET, HOMER DE LOIS, civil en
gineer, author, was born Jan. 24, 1826, in
Pompey, N. Y. He is a civil engineer of
Syracuse, and the author of The Averys
of Groton, a genealogy; and Twilight
Hours in the Adirondacks.
SWEET, JOHN EDSON, inventor, me
chanical engineer, was born Oct. 21, 1832,
in Pompey, N. Y. This successful invent
or and manufacturer is president of the
American Society of Mechanical Engin
eers. For many years he was professor
of practical mechanics in Cornell univer
sity.
SWEET, SYLVESTER JAMES PERRY,
educator, author, was born April 30, 1853,
near Waupun, Wis. Since 1891 he has
been president of the Santa Rosa Business
college, California. He is the author of
Sweet's Short Methods in Arithmetic;
Sweet's Bookkeeping; Elements of Geom
etry; Sweet's System of Practical Pen
manship; and other works.
SWEET, WILLIS, lawyer, jurist, con
gressman, was born Jan. 1, 1856, in Al-
burg Springs, Vt. He was appointed
United States attorney for Idaho in 1888,
and was appointed associate justice of the
supreme court of Idaho in 1889, which
position he held until the admission of
Idaho into the union. He was elected to
the unexpired term of the fifty-first con
gress, and re-elected to the fifty-second
and fifty-third congresses as a republican.
SWEETSER, CHARLES, congressman,
was born in Vermont. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Ohio, from
1849 to 1853.
SWEETSER, CHARLES HUMPHREYS,
journalist, author, was born Aug. 25, 1841,
in Athol, Mass. He was a journalist of
New York city and subsequently of Chi
cago. He was the author of Songs of
Amherst; History of Amherst College;
and Tourist's and Invalid's Guide to the
Northwest. He died Jan. 1, 1871, in Palat-
ka, Fla.
SWEETSER, HENRY EDWARD, jour
nalist, was born Feb. 19, 1837, in New
York city. In 1860 he was made night
editor of the World, and in 1863 he found
ed, with his brother, Charles H. Sweet-
ser, the Round Table, from which he
withdrew in 1866, and, after a short visit
to Europe, returned to New York and en
gaged in editorial work until his death.
He died Feb. 17, 1870, in New York city.
SWEETSER, MOSES FOSTER, author,
was born Sept. 22, 1848, in Newburyport,
Mass. He was a Boston writer who has
published Europe for Two Dollars a Day;
Artist Biographies; Summer Days Down
East; Guide-Books to New England, the
Middle States, the White Mountains, and
the Maritime Provinces; and In Distance
and in Dream, a story. He died in 1897.
SWEETSER, WILLIAM, physician, ed
ucator, author, was born Sept. 8, 1797, in
Boston, Mass. He was a physician who
was professor of medicine at Bowdoin col
lege in 1845-61, and the author of Trea
tise on Consumption; Digestion and Its
Disorders; Mental Hygiene; and Human
Life. He died Oct. 14, 1875, in New York
city.
SWENEY, JOHN ROBSON, musician,
composer, was born Dec. 31, 1837. in West
Chester, Pa. He has charge of the music
in Bethany Presbyterian church, Philadel
phia. His publications are: Gems of
Praise; The Garner; Joy to the World;
The Quiver; The Wells of Salvation;
Anthems and Voluntaries; Songs of Re
deeming Love; Songs of Triumph; Our
Sabbath Home; Melodious Sonnets;
Songs of Joy and Gladness; Joyful Wing;
Infant Praises: Banner Anthem Book;
Glad Hallelujahs; and Showers of Bless
ing.
SWENEY, JOSEPH HENRY, soldier,
lawyer, state senator, congressman, was
born Oct. 2, 1845, in Warren county, Pa.
He was a sergeant in
company K twenty-
seventh regiment
Iowa infantry, in
which company he
^BT^^^BW-- '
years. He was col
onel of the sixth reg
iment national guard
of Iowa, for four
years; and brigadier
and inspector-gene
ral of the state, re
signing after his
election to congress. In 1883 he was elect
ed state senator, and was re-elected in
1887. In 1886 he was, by unanimous votes
of republican and democratic senators,
elected president pro tempore, and pre
sided over the joint convention at the in
auguration of Governor Larrabee and
Lieutenant-Governor Hull. He was elect-
ed to the fifty-first congress as a republi
can. He now practices law in Osage,
Iowa.
SWENSBERG, C. G., educator, soldier,
journalist, was born Sept. 20, 1835, in Ger
many. In 1866 he opened the Grand
Kapids Commercial college, Mich. He is
the president of the Telegram Publishing
company, and is president of the board
of public works of Grand Rapids, Mich.
SWENSSON, CARL A., clergyman, lec
turer, author, was born June 25, 1857. in
Sugar Grove, Pa. He has received a thor
ough education in
the universities of
America and Eu
rope; and has had
conferred upon him
the degrees of A. B.,
A. M. and Ph. D. In
1885 he was secre
tary of the general
council of the evan-
g e 1 i c a 1 lutheran
church; and presi
dent of the same in
1893-94. In 1888-89
he served with distinction as a member
of the Kansas state legislature, and since
1891 has been pastor of the Bethany luth
eran church of Lindsborg, Kan. He was
the founder of Bethany college, and pres
ident of that institution since 1891. He
is a distinguished lecturer; the author of
. several Swedish works, and for nearly
a quarter of a century has contributed
to the periodical press.
SWETT, JOHN APPLETON, physician,
author, was born Dec. 3, 1808, in Boston,
Mass. He was a physician of New York
city, and the author of Diseases of the
Chest. He died Sept. 18, 1854, in New
York city.
SWETT, JOSIAH, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 4, 1814, in Claremont, N.
H. He was an episcopal clergyman long
prominent in Vermont, and the author of
English Grammar; Pastoral Visiting;
Family Prayer; and The Firmament in the
Midst of the Waters. He died in 1890.
SWETT, LEONARD, lawyer, state leg
islator, was born Aug. 11, 1825, near Turn
er, Maine. In 1865 he removed to Chica
go. In 1852-61 he took an active part in
politics, canvassing the state several times
and in 1858, at the special request of Mr.
Lincoln, was a candidate for the leg
islature on the republican ticket, and was
elected by a large majority. He delivered
the oration at the unveiling of the statue
of Abraham Lincoln in Chicago, 111., Oct.
22, 1887. He died June 8, 1889, in Chica
go, 111.
SWETT, SAMUEL, author, was born
June 9, 1782, in Newburyport, Mass. He
was a prominent citizen of Boston who
during the war of 1812 served in the
American army as a topographical en
gineer. He was the author of History and
Topographical Sketch of Bunker Hill Bat
tle; Who was Commander at Bunker Hill?
and Sketches of Distinguished Men of
Newbury and Newburyport. He died Oct.
28, 1866, in Newburyport, Mass.
SWETT, SOPHIA MIRIAM, author,
was born in 186- in Maine. She is a writer
of short stories and juvenile books, living
at Arlington, Mass. She is the author of
Pennyroyal and Mint; The Lollipops'
Vacation: Captain Polly; Flying Hill
Farm; The Mate of the Mary Ann; Cap'n
Thistletop; and The Ponkaty Branch
Road.
SWETT, SUSAN HARTLEY, author,
was born in 186- in Maine. She is a
writer of Arlington, Mass., and the author
of Field Clover and Beach Grass, a vol
ume of short stories.
-910
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
SWETTING, ERNEST VOLNEY, edu-
• eator, lawyer, was born Aug. 1, 1858, in
Berlin, Wis. He received his education
in the public schools of his native city;
was engaged in educational work for a
number of years; and is now one of the
foremost lawyers of Iowa of Algona.
SWIFT, BENJAMIN, lawyer, congress
man. United States senator, was born
April 5, 1781, in Amenia, N. Y. In 1813,
1814, 1825 and 1826 he was a representa
tive in the general assembly. He was a
representative in congress from Vermont
from 1827 to 1831. In 1833 he was elected
to the senate of the United States for six
years. He died Nov. 11, 1847, in St. Al-
bans, Vt.
SWIFT, EBENEZER, soldier, surgeon,
was born Oct. 8, 1819, in Wareham, Mass.
In 1865 he held the office of medical di
rector with the ranks of lieutenant-col
onel and colonel. In 1869 he received the
additional brevet of brigadier-general for
meritorious services voluntarily rendered
during the prevalence of cholera at Fort
Harker, Kan. In 1874 he became medical
-director of the department of the south,
and thereafter, until his retirement on
Oct. 8, 1883, he was assistant medical pur
veyor in New York city.
SWIFT, GUSTAVUS FRANKLIN, pack
er, merchant, was born June 24, 1839, in
Cape Cod, Mass. Embarking in the busi
ness of packing in his own name, he met
with excellent success, and then em
barked in the work of shipping fresh
meats directly from Chicago to all parts
• of the United States and to Europe. The
firm of Swift and Company, now a cor
poration, organized in 1885 with a capital
. of 1300,000, now 115,000,000.
SWIFT, JOHN LINDSAY, lawyer, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1828 in Massa
chusetts. He is a Boston lawyer and
journalist, deputy collector of the port
• of Boston from 1890. He is the author
«of About Grant.
SWIFT, JONATHAN WILLIAMS, naval
officer, was born March 30, 1808, in Taun-
ton, Mass. He entered the navy as mid
shipman in 1823. He was promoted to
commodore on the retired list in 1867. He
died July 30, 1877, in Geneva, N. Y.
SWIFT. LEWIS, astronomer, was born
Feb. 29, 1820, in Clarkson, N. Y. In 1880
he found a comet with a period of five
and a half years, and in 1881 he discovered
two others. For the former he received
. a special prize of $500 from Mr. Warner,
which is the largest sum ever awarded
for the discovery of any heavenly body.
SWIFT, LOUIS FRANKLIN, packer,
was born in 1860 in Cape Cod, Mass. He
identified himself with the packing busi
ness, in which the family have become
famous, and has spent a portion of his
business career in England in the inter
est of Swift and Company.
SWIFT, LUCIAN, journalist, was born
July 14, 1848. in Akron, Ohio. In 1885 he
became manager, secretary and treasurer
of the Minneapolis Journal, which posi
tion he still holds.
SWIFT, ROBERT, conchologist, was
born in 1799 in Philadelphia. His col
lection of shells, said to be the finest in
the West Indies, was arranged in Den
mark, and presented to the Smithsonian
institution at Washington, D. C. The
collection was valued at $30,000. He died
May 6, 1872, in St. Thomas, W. I.
SWIFT, SAMUEL, lawyer, Jurist, au
thor, was born Aug. 3, 1782, in Amenia,
' N. Y. He was secretary of state of Ver-
:mont; judge of probate: of 'Addison coun
ty from 1819 till 1841; and a judge of the
county court in 1855-57. He published
History of the Town of Middlebury;
Statistical and Historical Account of the
County of Addison, Vermont; and ad
dresses. He died in 1875 in Middlebury,
Vt.
SWIFT, ZEPHANIAH, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, author, was born in Feb
ruary, 1759, in Wareham, Mass. He was
a representative in congress from Connec
ticut from 1793 to 1797. He was placed
on the bench of the superior court of the
state, where he continued eighteen years,
during the last five years of which he was
chief justice. He was afterward a member
of the state legislature, and was one of the
committee to revise the statute laws
of the state. He published several works;
among them was a Digest of the Laws of
Connecticut, on the model of Blackstone.
He died Sept. 27, 1823, in Warren, Ohio.
SWIGERT, PHILIP, banker, state sen
ator, was born Dec. 27, 1798, in Fayette
county, Ky. He was chiefly instrumental
in the establishment of the Deposit bank
of Frankfort, and upon its organization
he was elected president. In 1861 he was
elected by the Kentucky legislature, chair
man of the state board of internal im
provement. In 1864 he was elected to
represent the counties of Franklin, Wood-
ford and Anderson in the state senate.
SWILER, JOHN W., educator, was born
Dec. 14, 1844, in Hoguestown, Pa. He re
ceived his education in the Monmouth col
lege, and the Bry-
• ant and Stratton
Commercial college,
from both of which
institutions he grad
uated with honor.
For thirteen years he
was a teacher in the
Illinois institution
for the Deaf and
Dumb; and since
1880 has been super
intendent of the
State school for the
Deaf of Delavan, Wis. He has contrib
uted valuable articles to several educa
tional publications.
SWINBURNE, JOHN, surgeon, con
gressman, was born May 30, 1820, in Deer
River, N. Y. He was appointed surgeon
by the surgeon-general of the United
States, and assigned to duty at Savage's
Station. In 1864 he was appointed health
officer of the port of New York, and was
reappointed in 1866. In 1882 he was
elected mayor of Albany, and in 1884 was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-ninth congress. He died
March 28, 1889, in Albany, N. Y.
SWINBURNE, LOUIS JUDSON, author,
was born Aug. 24, 1855, in Albany, N. Y.
He was a Colorado writer who was in
Paris during the siege of 1871, and pub
lished a volume of observations on the
subject entitled Paris Sketches. He died
Dec. 9, 1887, in Colorado Springs, Col.
SWING, DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born Aug. 23, 1830, in Cincinnati.
He was a presbyterian clergyman of Chi
cago, tried for heresy in 1874, and ac
quitted, subsequently pastor of the Cen
tral church there until his death. He
was the author of Sermons; Club Essays;
Truths for To-Day; Motives of Life; and
Old Pictures of Life, a collection of
essays. He died Oct. 3, 1894, in Chicago
111.
SWING, PHILIP B.. lawyer, jurist, was
born in 'Ohio. He resided at Batavia,
Ohio, whence he was, in 1871, appointed
United States judge for the southern dis
trict of Ohio.
SW1NK, GEORGE W., farmer, state
senator, was born June 1, 1836, in Breck-
inridge county, Ky. During 1875-84 he
was postmaster at Rocky Ford, Col.; was
elected to the Colorado state senate in
1892, and received the re-election in 1896.
He has taken an active part in the or
ganization of several irrigating companies
and helped to build several large canals
in the interests of his county.
SWINTON, JOHN, journalist, author,
was born Dec. 12, 1830, in Scotland. He
is a journalist of New York city whose
principal work is John Swinton's Travels.
SWINTON, WILLIAM, journalist, edu
cator, author, was born April 23, 1833, in
Scotland. He was a journalist and edu
cator, long prominent in New York city,
and was the author of Rambles Among
Words; Twelve Decisive Battles of the
War; Campaigns of the Army of the Po
tomac; The Times's Review of McClel-
lan; History of the New York Seventh
Regiment; Word Analysis; Bible Word
Book; and Studies in English Literature.
He died Oct. 24, 1892, in New York.
SWISHER, MRS. BELLA (FRENCH),
was born in 1837 in Georgia. She was a
writer who resided in Texas from 1877,
and the author of Struggling up to the
Light, a novel; Rocks and Shoals; Flo-
recita, a romance; History of Brown
County, Wisconsin; Cassie; Homeless
Though at Home; and The Story of a Wo
man's Love. She died in 1894.
SWISSHELM, MRS. JANE GRAY
(CANNON), journalist, author, was born
Sept. 6, 1815, in Pittsburg, Pa. She was
a journalist of Pittsburg, and subsequent
ly of at. Cloud, Minn., prominent as an
abolitionist. She was the author of Let
ters to Country Girls; and Half a Cen
tury, an autobiography. She died July
22, 1884, in Swissvale, Pa.
SWITZER, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
clergyman, was born Nov. 2, 1854, in Tip-
pecanoe county, Ind. He graduated from
the De Pauw university of Greencastle,
Ind.; and has gained distinction as one
of the leading clergyman of the methodist
episcopal church. In 1881 he was a dele
gate to the international Young Men's
Christian association held in London,
England; and in 1897 was vice-president
of the Young Men's Christian association
of Indiana. He is a popular clergyman of
Indiana, and has filled pastorates in Craw-
fordsville, Brazil and West Lafayette, in
that state.
SWITZER, LUCY ROBINS MESSER,
temperance worker, was born March 28,
1844, in Lowell, Mass. She has become
prominent as a
worker in the Wom
an's Foreign Mis
sionary society and
the Woman's Chris-
«. ' t i a n Temperance
union, and has writ
ten extensively on
those subjects. She
has traveled thou
sands of miles in the
work, and has at
tended national con
ventions in Detroit,
Philadelphia, Minneapolis, Nashville, New
York, Chicago, Boston, and Washington,
D. C. For ten years she has been ter
ritorial and state president of the Wom
an's Christian Temperance union at
Cheney, Wash.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
911
SWITZLER, WILLIAM F., journalist,
congressman, author, was born March 16,
1819, in Fayette county, Ky. He has been
a representative sev
eral times in the
Missouri state legis
lature; and was a
member of the two
conventions of 1865
and 1875 to form the
constitutions of the
state. He was chief
of the bureau of sta
tistics, treasury de
partment, during
President Cleve
land's first term. He
was elected to the forty-first congress. In
1841 he began editorial work, and in 1843
established the Missouri Statesman, which
he published and edited for forty-two
years; and in 1893 became the editor and
owner of The Democrat of Boonville. He
is the author of Switzler's Illustrated His
tory of Missouri; is a political speaker of
wide reputation; and a magazine writer
of national fame.
SWOOPE, JACOB, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Virginia from 1809 to 1811.
SWOPE, JOHN A., merchant, lawyer,
congressman, was born Dec. 25, 1827, in
Gettysburg, Pa. In 1882 he was elected a
representative from Pennsylvania to the
forty-eighth congress to fill a vacancy;
and was re-elected to the forty-ninth con
gress as a democrat.
SWORD, JAMES BRADE, painter, was
born Oct. 11, 1839, in Philadelphia, Pa.
He has been president of the Philadelphia
Society of Artists since 1878, and di
rector of the Art club since 1887.
SWROPE, SAMUEL F., congressman,
•was born in Kentucky. He was a repre
sentative in congress from that state from
1855 to 1857.
SYKES, EDWARD TURNER, soldier,
lawyer, legislator, was born March 15,
1839, in Decatur, Ala. In 1858 he gradu
ated from the university of North Caro
lina; and in law from the university of
Mississippi in 1860. In 1861-62 he was ad
jutant of and captain in the tenth Mis
sissippi infantry regiment, confederate
service. In 1862-64 he was A. A. general of
Wathall's brigade of infantry; and in
1864-65 filled the same position in Jack
son's cavalry division. During 1884-88 he
served with distinction as a state senator
in the Mississippi legislature. He is one
of the foremost lawyers of the south at
Columbus, Miss., where he has held high
positions of honor in the United Confed
erate Veterans, and since 1894 has been
adjutant-general and chief of staff, with
rank of brigadier-general, department
east of the Mississippi, United Confed
erate Veterans.
SYKES, GEORGE, congressman, was
born Oct. 9, 1822, in Dover, Del. He was
a representative in congress from that
state from 1843 to
1847. He was a suc
cessful speaker; and
while in congress
took an active part
in various debates.
He also served on a
number of the most
important commit
tees; and was an
ardent supporter of
all measures that
tended to the ad
vancement of the in
dustrial progress of his state. He also
contributed valuable articles to the lead
ing newspapers and magazines. He died
Feb. 9, 188ft, in Brownsville, Texas.
SYKES, HENRY B., merchant, public
official, was born March 18, 1844, in Dor
set, Vt. He received his education at
the Burr and Burton seminary of Man-
cuester, Vt. ; and at Eastman s business
college of foughkeepsie, N. X. for two
years he was assistant cashier of the
First National bank of Belvidere, lu.;
tor sixteen years was a member of ihe
ury goods firm of Sabme and sykes of
Beividere, 111.; and for fourteen years
has been principal owner of the dry goods
nrm of H. B. SyKes and Company ot EIK-
tiart, ind. In 1S94 he was elected mayor
of naKhart, Ind.; and has tilled numer
ous ocher public positions of honor.
SYKES, JAMES, physician, congress
man, was born March 27, 1761, in Dover,
Del. tie was a delegate from Delaware
10 the continental congress from 1777 to
1T<«. He died Oct. Is, 1822, in Dover, Del.
SYLVESTER, HERBERT MIL'iON,
lawyer, author, was born Feb. 20, 1849, in
Lowell, Mass. He is a Boston lawyer
who has published two volumes of sym
pathetic nature studies; and is the au
thor of Prose Pastorals; and Homestead
Highways.
SILVESTER, NATwANIEL BART-
LETT, lawyer, author, was born Feb. 22,
1825, in Denmark, N. V. He is a lawyer
of Troy, N. y.; and the author of Histor
ical Sketches of Northern New York; His
tory of the Connecticut Valley of Massa
chusetts; Indian Legends of Saratoga;
Historical Narratives of the Upper Hud
son; and Histories of Saratoga, Kens-
selaer, and Ulster Counties, N. Y.
SYMES, GEORGE G., soldier, lawyer,
jurist, congressman, was born April 28,
184U, in Ashtabula county, Ohio, in 1862
he raised a volunteer company and re-
entered the service as adjutant of the
twenty-fifth regiment of Wisconsin vol
unteers. He was promoted colonel of the
forty-fourth Wisconsin regiment. In 1869
he was appointed an associate justice of
the supreme court of Montana. In 1874
he moved to Denver, Colo., where he con
tinued to practice law; and in 1884 was
elected the representative from Colorado
to the forty-ninth congress; and re-elect
ed to the fiftieth congress as a republican.
SYMMES, JOHN CLEVES, lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born July 21, 1742,
in Long Island, N. Y. He was a delegate
to the continental congress from Dela
ware in 1785 and 1786; was a judge of
the superior court of New Jersey; and
was afterward chief justice of New Jer
sey. In 1788 he was appointed judge of
the northwest territory, and was founder
oi the settlements in the Miami country.
He died Feb. 26, 1814, in Cincinnati, Ohio.
SYMMES, JOHN CLEVES, soldier, au
thor, was born in 1780 in New Jersey.
He was a soldier of Newport, Ky. He was
the author of The Theory of Concentric
Spheres, an attempt to prove that the
earth is hollow, open at the poles, and
habitable in the interior. He died May 28,
1829, in Hamilton, Ohio.
SYMONDS, JOSEPH WHITE, .lawyer,
jurist, was born Sept. 1841, in Portland.
He has been city solicitor, judge of the
superior court of Portland, Maine; and
is now one of the justices of the supreme
court of Maine.
SYPHER, J. HALE, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 22, 1837, in
Perry county, Pa. He received a liberal
education, graduated from the Alfred uni
versity in 1859, and adopted the profes
sion of law. In 1861 he enlisted as a
private soldier in the first regiment Ohio
Light artillery and served through the
war. He was promoted to first lieuten
ant, captain and colonel, and brevetted
brigadier-general of the United States vol
unteers for faithful and meritorious ser
vices during the war. He served eight
years as a representative in congress in
the fortieth, forty-first, forty-second and
forty-third congresses; and advocated
amnesty, internal improvements and pro
tection. He has a large practice in Wash
ington, D. C.
SYPHER, JOSIAH R., journalist, law
yer, was born April 12, 1832, in Liverpool,
Pa. He received the rudiments of his
education in the public schools; attend
ed the Alfred academy; and in 1858 grad
uated from Union college. He was war
correspondent of the New York Tribune,
and for several years associate editor of
that publication; was editor of the State
Journal of Harrisburg, Pa.; and is now
a prominent lawyer of Philadelphia. He
is the author of History of the Pennsyl
vania Reserve Corps; School History of
Pennsylvania; The Art of Teaching
School; and School History of New Jer
sey.
SZABAD, EMERIC, soldier, author, was
born in 1822 in Hungary. He was a soldier
under Garibaldi who came to America in
1861, and served in the federal army. He
is the author of Hungary Past and Pres
ent; State Policy of Modern Europe; and
Modern War: Its Theory and Practice.
TAbB, JOHN BANISTER, educator,
clergyman, author, was born in 1845 in
Maryland. He is a Roman catholic cler
gyman and- educator; and professor of
English literature in St. Charles' college
of Ellicott City, Md. He is the author of
Poems; Lyrics; and An Octave to Mary.
TABER, CHARLES A. M., author, poet,
was born April 3, 1824, in Rochester,
Mass. He has published Essays on Pre
vailing Winds, Ocean Currents, and Frigid
Periods. He is the author of a volume
of poems entitled Rhymes from a Sailor's
Journal.
TABER, STEPHEN, farmer, state legis
lator, congressman, was born in Dover,
N. Y. In 1860 and 1861 he was elected
to the New York state legislature. In
1864 he was elected a representative
from New York to the thirty-ninth con
gress; and was re-elected to the fortieth
congress.
TABER, THOMAS, agriculturist, state
legislator, congressman, was born May
19, 1785, in New York. He was a mem
ber of the New York legislature in 1826;
and was a representative in congress from
New York from 1827 to 1829. He died
March 21, 1862.
TABOR, CHARLES FRANKLIN, law
yer, legislator, was born June 28, 1841,
in St. Joseph county, Mich. He received
the rudiments of his
education in the pub
lic schools; at Clar
ence academy of Erie
county, N. Y. ; and
the Lima seminary
of Genesee county,
N. Y. In 1863 he
was admitted to the
bar at Buffalo, N. Y.,
where he has at
tained an enviable
reputation as one of
the leading lawyers
of that state. In 1876-77 he served with
distinction as a member of the New York
state assembly; and during 1888-91 was
attorney-general for the state of New
York. He has always taken an active
part in public affairs; and is a prominent
member of various fraternal orders.
912
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
TABOR, HORACE AUSTIN WARNER,
miner, merchant, lieutenant-governor,
United States senator, was born Nov. 26,
1830, in Orleans
county, Vt. In 1857
he became a member
of the Topeka legis
lature, Kan.; and in
1859 moved to Den
ver, Colo., and a
year later to Lead-
vine. He was there
engaged in mining
until 1865, and dur
ing 1865-78 was also
engaged in mercan
tile life. He was
postmaster of that city; twice its mayor;
was president of the Leadville Improve
ment company; established and man
aged the Leadville bank; and became
lieutenant-governor of Colorado. In 1883
he was elected to the United States senate
for the short term and has filled many po
sitions of honor in the republican party;
and is the permanent chairman of that
party. In 1897 he was appointed post
master of Denver.
TABOR, STEPHEN J. W., journalist,
lawyer, jurist, author, was born Aug. 5,
1815, in Corinth, Vt. He moved to Iowa,
and published a paper called the Civilian.
He served several years as a county judge,
and also as county treasurer and re
corder. In 1863 he was appointed fourth
auditor of the treasury.
TAFEL, GUSTAV, soldier, educator,
journalist, lawyer, was born in Germany.
He served with distinction throughout the
civil war. For many
years he was en
gaged in journalistic
work; became a
noted lawyer of Cin
cinnati; and mayor
of that city. He has
contributed a num
ber of valuable arti
cles on economical
questions and edu
cational matters to
the leading newspa-
ers and magazines of
the United States; and various articles to
law literature.
TAFEL, JOHANN FRIEDRICH LEON-
HARD, educator, author. He is a Ger
man educator who removed to the United
States in 1853, and lived in St. Louis. He
was the author of Staat und Christen-
thum; Der Christ und der Atheist; and
A German-English aud English-German
Pocket Dictionary.
TAFEL, RUDOLPH LEONHARD, edu
cator, clergyman, author, was born Nov.
24, 1831, in Germany. He was formerly an
educator of St. Louis, but since 1868 a
Swedenborgian minister in London, Eng
land. He is the author of Emanuel Swe-
denborg as Philosopher and Man; Our
Heavenward Journey; Authority in the
New Cnurch; The Preaching Gift; and
Investigation as to the Laws of English
Pronunciation and Prosody.
TAFFE, JOHN, lawyer, state legislat
or, congressman, was born Jan. 30, 1827,
in Indianapolis, Ind. He was elected to
the territorial legislature in 1858 and
1859. In 1860 he was elected to the coun
cil; and in the winter of 1861 was made
president of that body. In 1862 he raised
a regiment of cavalry for service against
the Indians, and was made a major. In
1866 he was elected a representative from
the new state of Nebraska to the fortieth
congress; and was re-elected to the forty-
first and forty-second congresses as a re
publican. In 1875 he was appointed secre
tary of Colorado.
f AFT, ALPHONSO, lawyer, jurist, was
born Nov. 5, 1810, in Townsend, Vt. In
1866 he was appointed to fill a vacancy
on the bench of the superior court of
Cincinnati; was elected to that position,
and was re-elected by the unanimous vote
of both political parties. In 1876 he was
appointed secretary of war; and in the
same year became attorney-general of
the United States. In 1882 he was ap
pointed United States minister to Austria.
He died May 21, 1891, in San Diego, Cal.
TAFT, CHARLES P., journalist, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born Dec. 21, 1843, in Cincinnati. He
graduated from the
Columbia College
Law school of New
York in the spring
of 1866; in the fall
of 1866 he went to
Germany, and took a
degree at the univer
sity of Heidelberg in
the spring of 1868.
In 1871 he was elect
ed a member of the
house of representa
tives of the general
assembly of Ohio. Since 1879 he has been
in the newspaper business and is the
editor of the Cincinnati Times-Star. He
is a member of the board of sinking-fund
trustees of the city of Cincinnati, rie was
elected to the fifty-fourth congress as a
republican.
TAFT, LORADO, sculptor, educator,
was born April 29, 1860, in Elmwood, 111.
He has executed several busts and me
dallions, a statue of Schuyler Colfax,
which was unveiled in Indianapolis in
1888, and reliefs for Michigan regimental
monuments on the Gettysburg battlefield.
He is instructor in sculpture at the Chi
cago Art institute.
TAFT, RUSSELL SMITH, lawyer, state
senator, jurist, author, was born Jan. 28,
1835, in Williston, Vt. He is a successful
lawyer of Burling
ton, Vt.; and has
filled numerous mu
nicipal positions of
honor. He has been
a member of the
Vermont house of
representatives and
also of the state sen
ate; and was presid
ing officer in both
houses. He has been
city and state's at
torney, and filled the
office of lieutenant-governor of Vermont.
Since 1880 he has been judge of the
supreme court of Vermont. He is the au
thor of a sketch of the supreme court of
Vermont, and a Judicial History of Ver
mont.
TAGGART, DAVID ARTHUR, legislat
or, was born Jan. 30, 1852, in Goffstown,
N. H. He served with distinction as a
member of the New Hampshire state sen
ate in 1889, and was made president of
that booy.
TAUGART, MOSES, lawyer, jurist, was
born Aug. 21, 1799, in Colerain, Mass. He
practiced law for fifty-five years, principal
ly in Batavia, N. Y. He held the office of
county judge and surrogate, district at
torney, and was a justice of the supreme
court; and by virtue of his position held
a place in the court of appeals for several
years. He died Feb. 17, 1883.
TAGGART, SAMUEL, clergyman, con
gressman, was born March 24, 1754, in
Ixmdonderry, N. H. He was elected a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts, serving from 1803 to 1817. He
died April 25, 1825, in Colerain, Mass.
'1AGGART, WILLIAM MARCUS, jour
nalist, was born Jan. 25, 1852, in Philadel
phia, Pa. He is the owner and editor of
the Taggart Times. It is the only paper
in Philadelphia, Pa., which has remained
in the same family for three generations.
TAGLIABUE, GIUSEPPE, instrument-
maker, was born Aug. 10, 1812, in Italy.
He settled in New York in 1833, and soon
acquired the reputation of being one of
the most competent instrument-makers in
this country. His hydrometer for the
proving of whisky was adopted by the
Uniteu States internal revenue depart
ment in preference to all others, and he
made instruments for the United States
coast survey. He died May 7, 1878, in
Mount Vernon, N. Y.
TAINTER, ANDREW, lumberman, phi
lanthropist, was born July 6, 1823, in
Salina, N. Y. In 1832 he moved west to
Prairie du Chien,
Wis.; and in 1895
moved to Chippewa
Falls, Wis. He has
attained success in
the lumber business;
and commanded the
first steam bo at
which was used by
his firm on the Chip
pewa river. He pre
sented to the city of
Menominee a public
library and Memori
al hall, which is the chief ornament of
that city. Commencing fifty years ago
with no capital, he now owns controlling
interests in the largest lumber mills of
Wisconsin, and is the wealthiest man in
the Chippewa valley.
TAIT, ARTHUR FITZWILLIAM, art
ist, was born Aug. 5, 1819, in England. He
was elected in 1859 to the National acad
emy. He has gained a national reputation
as an artist and always paints from na
ture. Many of his works have been litho
graphed or engraved.
TAIT, CHARLES, lawyer, jurist, United
States senator, was born in 1768 in Louisa
county, Va. He was for several years a
judge of the superior court of Georgia;
and was a senator in congress from that
state from 1809 to 1819. In 1819 he moved
to Alabama; and was appointed a judge of
the district court. He died Oct. 7, 1835, in
vvilcox county, Ala.
TAIT, JOHN ROBINSON, artist, au
thor, poet, was born Jan. 14, 1834, in Cin
cinnati, Ohio. For awhile he edited The
Stylus of Bethany, Va. He is the author
of Life, Legend and Landscape; and a
volume of Poems.
TALBERT, W. JASPER, soldier, state
senator, congressman, was born in 1846
in Edgefield county, S. C. In 1880 he was
elected to the South Carolina legislature,
and re-elected in 1882; and was elected to
the state senate in 1884. He was chosen
superintendent of the state penitentiary,
which position he held when elected to
congress. He has held various positions
in the Farmers' Alliance and helped
formulate the Ocala demands. He was
elected to the fifty-third, fifty-fourth and
fifty-fifth congresses.
TALBOT, CHARLES REMINGTON,
clergyman, author, was born in 1851. He
was a writer of juvenile books who was
an episcopal clergyman at Wrentham,
Mass. He was the author of Honor
Bright; Miltiades Peterkin Paul: Royal
Louise; Romulus and Remus, a dog story;
A Midshipman at Large; The Imposter;
and A Romance of the Revolution. He
died in 1891.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
913
TALBOT, ETHELBERT, bishop of
Wyoming and Idaho, was born Oct. 9,
1848, in Fayette, Mo. He was consecrated
on May 27, 1887, missionary bishop of
Wyoming and Idaho.
TALBOT, FREEMAN, public official,
legislator, poet, was born April 5, 1811, in
Ireland. He has filled numerous public
positions of trust; during 1871-72 he
served with distinction in the Minnesota
state legislature as a senator from Le
Sueur county, and for five years after
ward was one of the trustees of the in
sane. He is the author of a number of
poems which have appeared in the period
ical press; and some of his productions
have been given a place in Poets of Amer
ica and other standard works.
TALBOT, HENRY PAUL, educator, au
thor, was born in 1864 in Massachusetts.
He is an associate professor of analytical
chemistry in the Massachusetts institute
of Technology; and the author of An
Introductory Course of Quantitative
Chemical analysis.
TALBOT, ISHAM, lawyer, United States
senator, was born in 1773 in Bedford
county, Va. He was a member of the
Kentucky senate from 1812 to 1815. From
1815 to 1819 he was a member of the
United States senate; and for a second
term from 1820 to 1825. He died Sept. 27,
1837, near Frankfort, Ky.
TALBOT, J. FRED C., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born July 29, 1843, in
Baltimore, Md. He was prosecuting at
torney for Baltimore county, Md., from
1871 to 1875. He was elected a representa
tive from Maryland to the forty-sixth,
forty-seventh, and forty-eighth con
gresses.
TALBOT, JOSEPH CRUIKSHANK,
bishop, was born Sept. 5, 1816, in Alex
andria, Va. In 1853 he became rector of
Christ church of Indianapolis, Ind., which
post he held until he was elected to the
episcopate. He died Jan. 15, 1883, in
Indianapolis, Ind.
TALBOT, MATHEW, state senator,
governor, was born in 1767 in Virginia.
He frequently served in the Georgia state
legislature; and was a delegate to the
constitutional convention of Georgia.
He was for many years in the state sen
ate, and officiated as president of that
body; and was acting governor of the
state in 1819. He died Sept. 17, 1827, in
Wilkes county, Va.
TALBOT, SAMSON, college president,
was born June 28, 1828, in Urbana, Ohio.
In 1863 he was elected president of the
Denison university, resigning in 1873. He
died June 10, 1873.
TALBOT, SILAS, naval officer, state
legislator, was born in 1751 in Dighton,
Mass. He was a representative in con
gress from New York from 1793 to 1794,
when he was appointed captain in the
navy. He served a number of years in
the state assembly from Montgomery
county. He died June 30, 1813, in New
York city.
TALBOT, THOMAS, manufacturer,
state legislator, governor, was born Sept.
7, 1818, in Cambridge, N. Y. He was a
representative in the Massachusetts leg
islature for a number of years; and was
a member of the governor's council for
five years. In 1872 he was elected lieu
tenant-governor of Massachusetts; and
in 1878 was elected governor of Massa
chusetts. He died Oct. 6, 1886, in Lowell,
Mass.
TALBOTT, ALBERT G., congressman,
was born in Kentucky. He was elected a
representative from that state to the
thirty-fourth and thirty-fifth congresses.
58
TALBOTT, J. FREDERICK C., soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born July 29,
1843, in Lutherville, Md. He was elected
prosecuting attorney for Baltimore county
in 1871 for the term of four years; and
was elected to the forty-sixth, forty-
seventh and forty-eighth congresses. He
was appointed insurance commissioner of
the state of Maryland in 1889, and resigned
the position in 1893, having been elected
to the fifty-third congress as a democrat.
TALCOTT, JOHN BUTLER, manufac
turer, banker, was born Sept. 14, 1824, in
Enfield, Conn. For two terms he was
mayor of New Britain, Conn.; and is now
president of the Mechanics' National
bank; president American Hosiery com
pany; and president of the New Britain
Knitting company.
TALCOTT, JOSEPH, governor, was
born Nov. 16, 1669, in Hartford, Conn. In
1724 he was made governor of Connecti
cut, serving until his death, and he was
the first native of Connecticut to hold
this office. He died Oct. 11, 1741, in Hart
ford, Conn.
TALCOTT, SEBASTIAN VISSCHER,
civil engineer, surveyor, author, was born
Nov. 24, 1812, in New York city, N. Y.
On the election of 'Horatio Seymour as
governor of New York in 1862, Talcott
was appointed by him quartermaster-gen
eral of the state, with the rank of briga
dier-general, and served through the ad
ministration. He compiled and published
The Talcott Pedigree; and Genealogical
Notes of New York and New England
Families.
TALIAFERRO, BENJAMIN, congress
man, was born in 1750 in Virginia. He
was a representative in congress from
Georgia from 1799 to 1802. He died Sept.
3, 1821, in Wilkes county, Ga.
TALIAFERRO, JOHN, librarian, con
gressman, was born in 1768 in Spottsyl-
vania, Va. He was a representative in
congress from Virginia from 1801 to 1803,
from 1811 to 1813, from 1824 to 1831, and
from 1835 to 1843. In 1805 and 1821 he was
a presidential elector; and for three years
before his death was librarian of the
treasury department in Washington. He
died Aug. 12, 1853, in Hagley, Va.
TALLMADGE, BENJAMIN, soldier,
merchant, congressman, was born Feb.
25, 175*, in Brookhaven, N. Y. He was a
member of Washington's military family,
and attained the rank of general. He was
a representative in congress from Con
necticut from 1801 to 1817. He died
March 7, 1835, in Litchfield, Conn.
TALLMADGE, FREDERICK AUGUS
TUS, lawyer, congressman, was born Aug.
29, 1792. In 1836 he was elected an alder
man of New York city, and also a state
senator; and was subsequently for five
years recorder of the city. He was a rep
resentative from New York in the thir
tieth congress; was again recorder for
three years; and in 1857 was appointed
general superintendent of the metropoli
tan police.
TALLMADGE, JAMES, soldier, bank
er, lawyer, congressman, was born Jan.
28, 1778, in Stanford, N. Y. From 1817 to
1819 he was a representative in congress
from New York; and in 1823 was elected
to the assembly from Dutchess county.
From 1825 to 1828 he was lieutenant-gov
ernor under General Clinton. During the
last twenty years of his life he was presi
dent of the American institute in New
York. He was one of the founders of the
university of New York, and was presi
dent of the council. He died Sept. 29,
1853, in New York city.
TALLMADGE, MATTHIAS BURNET,
lawyer, jurist, was born in 1774 in New
York. In 1805 he was appointed United
States judge for the northern district of
New York. He died Oct. 7, 1819, in Pough-
keepsie, N. Y.
TALLMADGE, NATHANIEL PITCH
ER, lawyer, state legislator, governor,
congressman, United States senator, was
born Feb. 8, 1795, in Chatham, N. Y.
He was a member of the assembly of
New York in 1828; and was a member of
the state senate from 1830 to 1833. He
was a senator in congress from New York
from 1833 to 1844; and was subsequently
appointed territorial governor of Wiscon
sin. He died Nov. 2, 1864, in Battle Creek,
Mich.
TALLMAN, PELEG, merchant, con
gressman, was born July 24, 1764, in
Tiverton, R. I. He became commander of
a merchant vessel; and after following
a seafaring life for many years, devoted
himself to the business of a merchant,
and acquired a large fortune. He was a
representative in congress from Massa
chusetts from 1811 to 1813. He died
March 12, 1840, in Bath, Maine.
TALMAGE, JAMES EDWARD, educat
or, college president, geologist, author,
was born Sept. 21, 1862, in Hungerford,
Berkshire, England.
He received the rudi
ments of his educa
tion in the English
national schools; at
tended the Brigham
Young academy dur
ing 1876-82; the Le-
high university in
1882-83; and the
Johns Hopkins uni
versity in 1883-84. In
1882-84 he was an in
structor in the Brig-
ham Young academy; and during 1884-88
was professor of natural science in the
same institution. During 1888-92 he was
principal of the Latter-Day Saints col
lege of Salt Lake City; and since 1890 has
been curator of the Deseret museum. In
1892-93 he was professor of biology in
the university of Utah; and since 1893
has been professor of geology and presi
dent of that institution. He is the au
thor of two text books entitled First Book
of Nature, and Domestic Science, both of
which have been adopted in the public
schools of Utah; and has contributed ex
tensively to periodical literature.
TALMAGE, JOHN VAN NEST, mis
sionary, was born Aug. 18, 1819, in Somer-
ville, N. J. Since 1846 he has been a mis
sionary of the reformed church in China.
He has translated several books of the
Bible into the Amoy colloquial dialect,
and is the author of a Chinese-English
Dictionary.
TALMAGE, SAMUEL KENNEDY, edu
cator, author, was born in 1798 in Somer-
ville, N. J. From 1838 till 1841 he was
professor of ancient languages at Ogle-
thorpe university, of which he was presi
dent from 1841 until his death. He con
tributed to the Southern Presbyterian
Review, and published several sermons
and addresses. He died Oct. 2, 1865, in
Midway, Ga.
TALMAGE, THOMAS DE WITT, cler
gyman, author, was born Jan. 7, 1832, in
Bound Brook, N. J. He was a presbyteri-
an clergyman of Brooklyn in 1869-94, and
subsequently of New York, widely known
as a preacher. He is the author of
Crumbs Swept Up; Sermons; From
Manger to Throne; Sports that Kill; So
cial Dynamite; The Pathway of Life;
The Marriage Ring; Old Wells Dug Out;
Everyday Religion; Sundown; and Fish
ing Too Near Shore.
814
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
TALMAN, JOHN, journalist, poet, was
born July 30, 1851, in Perinton, N. Y. He
is a successful journalist of St. Paul,
Minn.; where he is on the editorial staff
of the St. Paul Pioneer Press. He has
contributed extensively to current litera
ture; and is the author of a number
of meritorious poems.
TANEY, ROGER BROOKE, lawyer, jur
ist, state senator, was born March 17, 1777,
in Calvert county, Md. In 1801 he was
elected to the Mary-
~ land state assembly
and settled in Fred
erick; and subse
quently served four
years in the state
senate. He removed
to Baltimore in 1822;
in 1827 was chosen
attorney-general of
Maryland; and in
1831 was appointed
attorney-general o t
the United States in
President Jackson's cabinet. He was ap
pointed a justice of the supreme court of
the United States, but was again rejected
by the senate; and in 1836 was appointed
chief justice of the supreme court of the
United States. He died Oct. 12, 1864, in
Washington, D. C.
TANEYHILL, RICHARD HENRY, law
yer, jurist, author, was born June 30,
1822, in Calvert county, Md. He is a
prominent lawyer of Barnesville, Ohio,
where he has been mayor and justice of
the peace for two terms. He is the au
thor of a work entitled Leatherwood God;
Life of Logan, the Mingo Chief; and
other works.
TANNEHILL, ADAMSON, soldier, con
gressman, was born in 1752 in Frederick
county, Md. In 181z he was brigadier-
general of Pennsylvania volunteers. He
was then elected to congress as a demo
crat, and served from 1813 till 1815. He
died July 7, 1817, in Pittsburg, Pa.
TANNEHILL, J. L., poet. He has filled
numerous positions of trust in the state
of Ohio; and has contributed both prose
and verse to the periodical press which
have attracted favorable attention.
TANNEHILL, WILKINS, journalist,
author, was born March 4, 1787, in Pttts-
burg, Pa. He was a journalist of Nash
ville; and the author of Freemasons' Man
ual; Sketches of the History of Litera
ture; and Sketches of the History of
Roman Literature. He died June 2, 1858,
in Nashville, Tenn.
TANNER, ADOLPHUS H., soldier, con
gressman, was born May 23, 1833, in
Granville, N. Y. In 1862 he entered the
volunteer army as a captain; and as lieu
tenant-colonel of the one hundred and
twenty-third regiment of infantry served
until the close of the war. In 1868 he was
elected a representative from New York
to the forty-first congress as a republican.
TANNER, ALVA AMASA, farmer,
poet, was born Dec. 26, 1849, in South Cot-
tonwood. Utah. In 1882 he moved to
Idaho; has been
1£SSBH^ Justice of the peace;
deputy sheriff; and
twice a candidate for
the Idaho legislature
on the populist tick
et. He is also a pro
fessional phrenolo
gist, and has trav
eled extensively lec
turing on that sub
ject He has writ
ten extensively for
the periodical press,
and his poems have been given a place in
several standard collections.
TANNER, BENJAMIN TUCKER, bish
op, author, was born Dec. 25, 1835, in
Pittsburg, Pa. He is a bishop of the
African methodist church; and the author
of Paul vs. Pius Ninth; The Negro's Ori
gin, and Is the Negro Cursed?; and Out
line of the History and Government of
the African Methodist Episcopal Church.
TANNER, GEORGE CLINTON, educat-
tor, clergyman, author, was born Jan. 21,
1834, in West Greenwich, R. I. He re
ceived his education at the Plainfield
academy and the Brown university, from
which latter institution he graduated in
1857. In 1857-58 he was principal of grad
ed schools in Winona, Minn.; in 1858-67
he was instructor in classics in the schools
of the Bishop Seabury mission, and head
master; and in 1867-87 he was rector of
St. Paul's church of Owatana. In 1872-87
he was superintendent of schools for
Steele county; and since 1887 has been
chaplain at the Shattuck school of Fari-
bault, Minn. During these thirty years
he has been actively engaged in laying the
foundations of church and educational
work. He is the author of the History of
the Episcopal Church in Minnesota; and
registrar and historian of the diocese of
Minnesota.
TANNER, HENRY .S., geographer, au
thor, was born in 1786 in New York. He
was a geographer of Philadelphia; and
the author of Memoir on the Recent Sur
veys in the United States; View of the
Valley of the Mississippi; American Trav
eler; Central Traveler; New Picture of
Philadelphia; and Description of Canals
and Railways in the United States. He
died in 1858 in New York city.
TANNER, HERBERT BATTLES, phy
sician, was born Feb. 13, 1859, in White
water, Wis. He was city physician of
Kaukauna, Wis., during 1886-93; mayor
of the city for two terms in 1895-96; and
president of the Fox River Medical so
ciety in 1897.
TANNER, JOHN, captive, author, was
born about 1780 in Kentucky. He wrote a
Narrative of the Captivity and Adven
tures of John Tanner during Thirty
Years' Residence Among the Indians. He
died in 1847.
TANNER, JOHN RILEY, soldier, state
senator, governor, was born April 4, 1844,
in Warrick county, Ind. In 1863 he en
tered company A, ninety-eighth Illinois
infantry, and served until 1865 in Ken
tucky, Tennessee, Alabama, and Georgia.
After the war he returned to Illinois, and
purchased sixty acres of land in Clay
county, which he occupied until 1870,
when he was elected sheriff of Clay coun
ty. In 1880 he was elected to the Illinois
state senate; was elected state treas
urer in 1886; and subsequently was
United States marshal for the southern
district of Illinois. In 1896 he was elect
ed governor of the state of Illinois.
TANNER, RICHARD ROBERT, lawyer,
was born March 30, 1858, in San Juan,
Cal. For a number of years he was as
sistant postmaster of San Buena Ventura;
and in 1885 was admitted to the bar at
Santa Monica, and is now one of the
leading members of the legal profession
in Los Angeles county. For two years he
was deputy district attorney of his coun
ty, and for eight years filled with distinc
tion the office of city attorney.
TAPPAN, ARTHUR, merchant, jour
nalist, was born May 22, 1786, in North-
hampton, Mass. He was one of the found
ers of the American Tract society; New
York Journal of Commerce; and of Ober-
lin college, Ohio; and first president of
the American Anti-Slavery society at
Philadelphia. He died July 23, 1865, in-
New Haven, Conn.
TAPPAN, BENJAMIN, soldier, engrav
er, lawyer, jurist, United States senator,
was born May 25, 1773, in Northampton,
Mass. In 1799 he emigrated to Ohio, and
was one of the earliest settlers there.
In 1803 he was elected to the legislature
of the new state; served in the war of
1812 as aid-de-camp to General Wads-
worth; and was for seven years president
judge of the fifth Ohio circuit. In 1833 he
was appointed United States judge for
the district of Ohio. He was a senator in
congress from Ohio from 1839 to 1845. He
died April 12, 1857, in Steubenville, Ohio.
TAPPAN, DAVID, clergyman, author,
was born April 21, 1752, in Cambridge,
Mass. He was a congregational clergy
man, pastor at Newbury, Mass., in 1774-
92, and Hollis professor of divinity at
Harvard university from 1792 until his
death. He was the author of Sermons on
Important Subjects; and Lectures on
Jewish Antiquities. He died April 27,
1803, in Cambridge, Mass.
TAPPAiN, ELI TODD, educator, college
president, author, was born April 30, 1824,
in Steubenville, Ohio. In 1844-45 he was
mayor of Steubenville, and he was super
intendent of the public schools there in
1858-89. From 1868 till 1875 he was presi
dent of Kenyon college, Gambler, Ohio,
where he was professor of mathematics
from 1875 till 1887. In 1887 he was ap
pointed state commissioner of common
schools of Ohio, which post he now holds.
He has published a Treatise on Plane and
Solid Geometry; a Treatise on Geom
etry and Trigonometry; Notes and Exer
cises on Surveying for the Use of Stu
dents in Kenyon College; and Elements
of Geometry.
TAPPAN, HENRY PHILIP, clergyman,
author, was born April 23, 1805, in Rhine-
beck, N. Y. He was a Dutch reformed
chancellor of the university of Michigan,
university of the city of New York; and
clergyman, professor of philosophy in the
1852-63. He was the author of Elements
of Logic; Treatise on Universal Educa
tion; Review of Edwards's Inquiry Into
the Freedom of the Will; The Doctrine
of the Freedom of the Will Determined
by an Appeal to Consciousness; The Doc
trine of the Freedom of the Will Applied
to Moral Agency; A Step from the Old
World to the New and Back Again; and
Introductions to Illustrious Personages of
the Nineteenth Century. He died Nov. 15,
1881, in Switzerland.
TAPPAN, JAMES CAMP, soldier, law
yer, jurist, legislator, was born in Frank
lin, Tenn. He is a successful lawyer of
Helena, Ark.; was a brigadier-general in
the confederate army; has twice served
as a member of the Arkansas state legis
lature; and was speaker of the thirty-
first session of the house of representa
tives. He has been judge of the circuit
court, and receiver of the United States
land office at Helena, Ark.
TAPPAN, LEWIS, merchant, abolition
ist, author, was born May 23, 1788, in
Northampton, Mass. He was a merchant
of New York city, proprietor of The Jour
nal of Commerce, and active as an aboli
tionist; and the author of Life of Arthur
Tappan, by his brother, a valuable con
tribution to anti-slavery literature. He
died June 21, 1873, in Brooklyn, N. Y.
TAPPAN, MASON WEARE, lawyer,
state legislator, congressman, was born
Oct. 20, 1817, in Newport, N. H. He was
a member of the New Hampshire state
legislature in 1853-55. He was a repre
sentative from New Hampshire in the
thirty-fourth congress; and was re-elect
ed to the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses. He died Oct. 24. 1886, in Brad
ford, N. H.
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
915
TAPPAN, WILLIAM BINGHAM, edu
cator, author, was born Oct. 29, 1794, in
Beverly, Mass. He was a verse-writer
and educator of Philadelphia and Boston;
and the author of Poetry of the Heart;
Poetry of Life; New England, and Oiaer
Poems; Songs of Judah; Lyrics; Sacred
and Miscellaneous Poems; The Sunday
School, and Other Poems; and Early and
Late Poems. He died June 18, 1849, in
West Needham, Mass.
TARBELL, FRANK BIGELOW, educat-
tor, author, was born in 1853 in Massa
chusetts. He is a professor of Greek in
the university of Chicago from 1892; and
the author of A History of Greek Art;
and The Philippics of Demosthenes, with
introduction and Notes.
TARBELL, IDA M., author. - She is the
author of Early Life of Abraham Lincoln.
TARBELL, JOHN ADAMS, physician,
author, was born March 31, 1810, in Bos
ton, Mass. He was a homoeopathic phy
sician of Boston; and the author of
Sources of Health; and Homo3opathy
Simplified. He died Jan. 21, 1864, in Bos
ton, Mass.
TARBOX, INCREASE NILES, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 11, 1815, in
East Windsor, Conn. He was a congrega
tional clergyman who was secretary of
the American College and Education
society in 1851-84. He was the author of
Winnie and Walter Stories; When I Was
a Boy; Nineveh, or the Buried City;
Uncle George's Stories; Journeys and
Labors of St. Paul; Life of General Israel
Putnam; Sir Walter Raleigh and His Col
ony in America; and Songs and Hymns
for Common Life. He died May 3, 1880,
in West Newton, Mass.
TARBOX, JOHN KEMBLE, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born May 6,
1838, in Methuen, Mass. He served in the
union army in the fourth regiment of
Massachusetts volunteers. He was a
member of the legislature of Massachu
setts in 1868, 1870, and 1871, and of the
state senate in 1872. He was mayor of the
city of Lawrence in 1873 and 1874. He
was elected a representative to the forty-
fourth congress from Massachusetts as a
democrat.
TARR, CHRISTIAN, congressman, was
born in Baltimore, Md. He was a repre
sentative in congress from Pennsylvania
from 1817 to 1819, and again from 1820
to 1821.
TARR, RALPH STOCKMAN, geologist,
educator, author, was born in 1864 in
Massachusetts. He is a geologist, assis
tant professor of geology at Cornell uni-
\ersity in 1892-97, and professor of dyna
mic geology and physical geography there
from 1897. He is the author of Elemen
tary Geology; Economic Geology of the
United States; and Elementary Physical
Geography.
TARSNEY, JOHN C., soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born Nov. 7, 1845, in
Lenawee county, Mich. He was city attor
ney of Kansas City, Mo., in 1874 and 1875,
since which time he has followed the pro
fession of the law. He was elected to the
fifty-first, fifty-second, and fifty-third con
gresses and re-elected to the fifty-fourth
congress as a democrat.
TARSNEY, TIMOTHY E., civil engineer,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born Feb.
4, 1849, in Ransom, Mich. He was a jus
tice of the peace in 1873 and 1874; and
was city attorney of East Saginaw, Mich.,
from 1875 to 1878, when he resigned. He
was elected a representative from Michi
gan to the forty-ninth congress in 1884;
and re-elected to the fiftieth congress.
TARVER, WILLIAM HENRY, educa
tor, business man, was born in Hawkins-
ville, Ga. For many years he was engaged
in educational work, and is now the pro
prietor of a book store and circulating li
brary in Savannah, Ga.
TASCHER, ELBE M. M., artist, poet,
was born Nov. 21, 1843, in Winterport,
Maine. She is the author of Arbutus and
Dandelions. She is also an artist in port
rait and figure painting.
TASISTRO, LOUIS FITZGERALD, act
or, journalist, author, was born about 1808
in Ireland. He was the author of Travels
ir. the Southern States; Random Shots
and Southern Breezes. He died about
1868.
TATE, FARISH CARTER, lawyer, state
legislator, congressman, was born Nov. 20,
1856, in Jasper, Ga. He was a member of
the general assembly of Georgia for six
years. He was elected to the fifty-third
and fifty-fourth congresses and re-elected
to the fifty-fifth congress as a democrat.
TATE, JAMES BUTTS, educator, col
lege president, was born Nov. 13, 1852, in
Andrew county, Mo. In 1896 he was ap
pointed president of Baird college of Clin-
*on, Mo.
TATE, JAMES WILLIAM, treasurer of
Kentucky, was born Jan. 2, 1831, in Frank
lin county, Ky. In 1867 he was nominated
for treasurer of Kentucky on the demo
cratic state ticket. Since that time he has
been successively re-elected by popular
majorities.
TATE, MAGNUS, congressman. He was
a representative in congress from Virginia
from 1815 to 1817.
TATHAM. WILLIAM, civil engineer,
lawyer, author, was born in 1752 in Eng
land. He was an engineer and lawyer of
Virginia who served in the American ar
my during the revolution. He was the au
thor of An Analysis of the State of Vir
ginia; Remarks on Inland Canals; and
National Irrigation. He died Feb. 22.
1819, in Richmond, Va.
TATNALL, EDWARD F., congressman,
was born in Savannah, Ga. He was a
representative in congress from Georgia
from 1821 to 1827.
TATNALL, HENRY LEA, artist, was
born Dec. 31, 1829, in Brandywine village,
Del. In 1856 he removed to Wilmington
and began the lumber business, and at the
same time cultivated his musical and ar
tistic talent, which showed itself in early
life. He could play on almost every in
strument, and composed and set to music
many popular songs. He died Sept. 26.
1885, in Wilmington, Del.
TATNALL. JOSIAH, soldier, United
States senator, was born in Bonaventure,
Ga., in 1762. In 1793 he was appointed
colonel of a Georgia regiment, and in 1800
a brigadier-general, participating exten
sively in the military affairs of the state,
and serving occasionally in the legislature.
He also served in 1796 at Louisville in the
general assembly that rescinded the Ya-
zoo act of 1795. He was a senator in con
gress from Georgia from 1796 to 1799. He
died June 6, 1803, in the West Indies.
TATUM, ABSALOM, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
North Carolina during the years 1795. and
1796.
TATUM, JOHN EATON, lawyer, legis
lator, was born April 25, 1862, in Green
wood, Ark. He has served as special coun
ty and probate judge; and in 1896 was
elected a representative of the general as
sembly of Arkansas.
TAUL, MICAH, congressman. He Was
a representative in congress from Ken
tucky from 1815 to 1817.
TAULBEE, WILLIAM PRESTON, law
yer, congressman, was born Oct. 22, 1851,
in Morgan county, Ky. In 1878 he was
elected clerk of the county court of Mag-
offin county, Ky., was re-elected in 1882,
and in 1884 was elected a representative
from Kentucky to the forty-ninth con
gress; and re-elected to the fiftieth con
gress as a democrat.
TAUNEHILL, ADAMSON, soldier, law
yer, jurist, congressman, was born in 1752
in Frederick county, Md. He moved to
Pennsylvania and settled on a small farm
adjoining Pittsburg. He was a justice of
the peace at the breaking out of the whis
ky insurrection, and firmly opposed that
outbreak. He served as a brigadier-gen
eral in the war of 1812. He was a repre
sentative in congress from 1812 to 1815.
He died in 1817 in Grant's Hill, Pa.
TAUSSIG, FRANK WILLIAM, educa
tor, author, was born in 1859 in Missouri.
He is a professor of political economy at
Harvard university; and the author of
Protection to Young Industries as Applied
in the United States; The History of the
Present Tariff, 1860-83; The Tariff His
tory of the United States; The Silver
Situation in the United States; and Wages
and Capital.
TAWNEY, JAMES A., lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born Jan. 3, 1855,
near Gettysburg, Pa. He was elected to
the state senate of Minnesota in 1890; and
was elected to the fifty-third and fifty-
fourth congresses and re-elected to the
fifty-fifth congress as a republican.
TAYLER, JOHN, merchant, congress
man, was born July 4, 1742, in New York.
He became a merchant at Albany, N. Y.,
in 1773; superintended the commissary
department on the expedition to Canada
in 1775; and was a member of the pro
vincial congress. He was for nearly forty
years a member of the legislature of New
York; and was lieutenant-governor of the
state from 1813 to 1822. He died March
19; 1829, in Albany, N. Y.
TAYLER, ROBERT WALKER, lawyer,
state senator, was born Nov. 9, 1»12, in
Harrisburg, Pa. In 1851 he was elected
mayor of Youngstown, Ohio; and was
elected to the state senate in 1855 and
1857. He was auditor of the state from
1860 to 1863; and in the latter year was
appointed first comptroller of the United
States treasury. He died Feb. 25, 1878.
TAYLOR, ABNER, merchant, congress
man, was born in Maine. He was a mem
ber of the Illinois state legislature for one
term; and was elected to the fifty-first
congress, and re-elected to the fifty-second
congress as a republican.
TAYLOR. ALBERT REYNOLDS, edu
cator, college president, author, was born
Oct. 16, 1846, near Magnolia, 111. He re
ceived his education
in the public schools,
the Wenona semi
nary, the Illinois
State Normal univer
sity, Knox college;
and in 1872 gradu
ated from the Lin
coln university, Illi
nois, in which latter
institution he was
professor of natural
science for ten years.
Since 1882 he has
been president of the State Normal school
of Emporia, Kan. He is the author of
The Church at Work in the Sunday
School, and other works; has contributed
extensively to periodical literature; and
is a successful lecturer on educational and
popular themes.
916
HERRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
TAYLOR, ALBERT VINCENT, soldier,
manufacturer, state senator, congressman,
was born Dec. 6, 1845, in Bedford. He en
listed in company
rjBto^ •'. H, one 'hundred and
|^^ ' fiftieth Ohio volun-
B . teer infantry, and
] subsequently in com-
EV jiiiny H, one hundred
^S and seventy-seventh
I Ohio volunteer in-
| fantry, and served in
that regiment until
the close of the war,
when he began busi
ness as a manufac
turer, and has been
so engaged up to the present time. He
served two years, 1888 and 1889, in the
Ohio senate; and was elected to the fifty-
second congress as a republican. He is
one of the foremost lawyers of Ohio at
Cleveland.
TAYLOR, ALEXANDER SMITH, eth
nologist, author, was born April 16, 1817,
in Charleston, S. C. He published a trans
lation of the diary of Juan Rodriguez Ca-
brillo, under the title of The First Voyage
to the Coast of California; a History of
Grasshoppers and Locusts of America in
the report of the Smithsonian institution
for 1858; The Indianology of California
in the California Farmer; and Biblio-
graphia Californica in the Sacramento Un
ion. He died July 27, 1876, in Santa Bar
bara, Cal.
TAYLOR, ALEXANDER WILSON, law
yer, state legislator, congressman, was
born March 22, 1815, in Indiana county,
Pa. He was a member of the Pennsylvania
legislature in 1859 and 1860; and was
elected to the forty-third congress.
TAYLOR, ALFRED, naval officer, was
born May 23, 1810, in Fairfax county, Va.
He entered the navy as a midshipman in
1826, and was commissioned a lieutenant
in 1837. He was promoted to rear-admiral
in 1872, and was retired by operation of
law. He died April 19, 1891, in Washing
ton, D. C.
TAYLOR, ALFRED, clergyman, author,
was born in 1831 in Philadelphia, Pa. He
is a presbyterian clergyman of Philadel
phia; and the author of Peeps at Our
Sunday Schools; Sunday School Photo
graphs; and Hints about Sunday School
Work.
TAYLOR, ALFRED ALEXANDER,
lawyer, congressman, was born in 1849
near Elizabethton, Tenn. He was elected
to the Tennessee legislature in 1875 from
Carter and Johnson counties. He was
elected to the fifty-first and fifty-second
and re-elected to the fifty-third congress
as a republican.
TAYLOR, ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER
EDWARD, journalist, educator, college
president, author, was born Aug. 27, 1834,
in Springfield, Ohio. From 1873 till 1883
he was president of Wooster university,
Ohio. He continued to be connected with
the institution as professor of logic and
political economy and dean of the post
graduate department for five years longer.
He then became editor of The Mid-Conti
nent, the organ of the presbyterian church
in the southwest, published in St. Louis,
Mo.
-TAYLOR, ARTHUR H., lawyer, con
gressman, was born Feb. 29, 1852, in Cale
donia Springs, Canada. In 1880 and again
in 1882 he was elected prosecuting attor
ney for the eleventh judicial circuit of In
diana; and was elected to the fifty-third
congress as a democrat.
TAYLOR, ASHER, congressman. He
was a representative from New York to
the twenty-eighth congress.
TAYLOR, BARNARD C., theologian,
author, was born May 20, 1850, in Holm-
del, N. J. For many years he has filled
the chair of old testament exegesis in the
Crozer Theological seminary of Chester,
Pa. He has done considerable editorial
work on Sunday school periodicals of the
American Baptist Publication society;
and is the author of two books on biblical
subjects.
TAYLOR, BAYARD, journalist, author,
was born Jan. 11, 1825, in Kennett square,
Pa. In 1846 he published a book contain
ing the experiences
of his journey ings;
^^^ edited a newspaper
9B| at Phcenixville, Pa.,
v— u UK> 1'01' a vear> then went
to New York city and
engaged in editorial
work. In 1851 he set
out on a protracted
|Fk tour in the east,
^^^^^ which occupied sev-
•* I eral years; and in
Jl \ 1862 and 1863 was
secretary of the
United States legation at St. Petersburg,
Russia, and part of the time acting charge
d' affaires. In 1874 he revisited Egypt,
and attended the millennial celebration in
Ireland. In 1878 he was appointed United
States minister to Germany. He died Dec.
19, 1878, in Berlin, Prussia.
TAYLOR, BENJAMIN COOK, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 24, 1801, in
Philadelphia, Pa. From 1828 till the time
of his death he was pastor of the reformed
church of Bergen, the two hundredth an
niversary of which he commemorated in
a sermon in 1861. Besides this and other
discourses, he published Annals of the
Classis and Township of Bergen. He died
Feb. 2, 1881, in Bergen, N. J.
TAYLOR, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, au
thor, poet, was born July 19, 1819, in
Lowville, N. Y. He was a popular poet of
Chicago; and the author of Songs of Yes
terday; Old Time Pictures, and Sheaves
of Rhyme; Dulce Domum; Between the
Gates; Summer Savory; The River of
Time; Pictures of Life in Camp and Field;
Complete Poems; and Theophilus Trent,
a novel. He died Feb. 24, 1887, in Cleve
land, Ohio.
TAYLOR, CALEB N., agriculturist, con
gressman, was born in 1819 in Sunbury,
Pa. In 1866 he was elected a representa
tive from Pennsylvania to the fortieth
and forty-first congresses as a republican.
TAYLOR, CHARLES, clergyman, au
thor, was born Sept. 15, 1819, in Boston,
Mass. He is a methodist clergyman who
was a missionary to China in 1848-54; and
the author of Five Years in China; and
Baptism in a Nutshell.
TAYLOR, CHARLES ELISHA, college
president, educator, was born Oct. 28, 1842,
in Richmond, Va. For fourteen years he
was professor of Latin in the Wake Forest
college, North Carolina, of which institu
tion he has been president since 1884.
TAYLOR, CHARLES FAYETTE, sur
geon, author, was born April 25, 1827, in
Willistown, Vt. He is a surgeon of
New York city; and the author of Theory
and Practice of the Movement Cure; Spi
nal Irritation; Sensation and Pain; Me
chanical Treatment of Angular Curvature
of the Spine; Treatment of Disease of the
Hip Joint; and Infantile Paralysis.
TAYLOR, E. J., educator, was born Oct.
22, 1869, in Waddington, N. Y. He has
attained success in educational work, and
is now county superintendent of public
education at Ellisville, Miss.
TAYLOR, EDWARD, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1642 in England. He
left several manuscript volumes, including
a Commentary on the Four Gospels;
Christograjjhia, or a Discourse on the Vir
tues and Character of Christ; and poems
in English and in Latin. He died June
29, 1729, in Westfield, Mass.
TAYLOR, DANIEL T., clergyman, au
thor, poet, was born March 20, 1823, in
Rouse's Point, N. Y. Since 1846 he has
been in the ministry, and now fills a pas
torate in Hyde Park, Mass. He is the
author of Numerous pamphlets and tracts;
and a volume entitled the Reign of Christ.
TAYLOR, EZRA B., lawyer, jurist,
congressman, was born July a, 1823, in
Nelson, Ohio. In 1861 he moved to War
ren, Ohio; and was judge of the court of
common pleas for the ninth judicial dis
trict from 1877 to 1880. He was elected a
representative from Ohio to the forty-
sixth congress to fill a vacancy; and was.
re-elected to the forty-seventh, forty-
eighth, forty-ninth, fiftieth, fifty-first, and
fifty-second congresses as a republican.
TAYLOR, FITCH WATERMAN, clergy
man, author, was born Aug. 4, 1803, in
Middle Haddam. He was an episcopal
chaplain in the United States navy; and
the author of The Flag Ship, or a Voyage
Around the World; and The Broad Pen
nant. He died July 23, 1865, in Brooklyn,
N. Y.
TAYLOR, GEORGE, signer of the decla
ration of independence, was born in 1716
in Ireland. In 1764 he was elected to
the provincial assembly at Philadelphia,
serving six years. He was again elected
to the assembly in 1775; was a delegate
to the continental congress in 1776 and
1777; and was a signer of the declaration
of independence. He died Feb. 23, 1781,
in Easton, Pa.
TAYLOR, GEORGE, lawyer, congress
man, author, was born Oct. 19, 1820, in
Wheeling, W. Va. In 1856 he was elected
from Alabama a representative to the
thirty-fifth congress. As an author, writ
ing upon topics connected with the natu
ral sciences, he was successful; a work
published in 1851 and entitled Indications
of the Creator has passed through four
editions, and been highly applauded by
the critics of England and France.
TAYLOR, GEORGE BOARDMAN, mis
sionary, author, was born Dec. 27, 1832, in
Richmond, Va. He is a baptist missionary
in Rome since 1873; and the author of
Oakland Stories; Costar Grew; Roger
Bemant, the Pastor's Son; Walter Ennis,
a tale of the Early Virginia Baptists; and
Life of J. B. Taylor.
TAYLOR, GEORGE DRAPER, lawyer,
was born Oct. 21, 1859, in Luzerne coun
ty, Pa. He received his education at the
Wyoming seminary of Kingston, Pa., and
has attained prominence as one of the
leading lawyers of his native state at
Scranton.
TAYLOR, GEORGE EDWIN, journalist,
was born Aug. 4, 1857, in Little Rock,
Ark. He is the editor and owner of the
Solicitor, a national journal published at
Oskaloosa, Iowa. He has attained success
as a speaker; takes a prominent part in
political affairs; and was a delegate to
the Chicago democratic national conven
tion in 1896.
TAYLOR, GEORGE HENRY, physician,
author, was born in 1821 in Willistown,
Vt. He is a physician of New York city,
among whose writings are Exposition of
the Swedish Movement Cure; Health for
Women; Massage; and Pelvic and Her-
nial Therapeutics.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
917
TAYLOR, GEORGE HERBERT, lawyer,
author, was born May 10, 1853, in Berk
shire, Vt. He is the author of Fifteen
Years a Mystery; Erastus Corning; An
Agreement and What Came of It; Wil
liam Livingston; Trout Fishing in Wis-
•consin; A Bear Hunt in Vermont; and
Hunting in Minnesota.
TAYLOR, GEORGE K., lawyer, jurist.
In 1801 he was appointed United States
judge of the circuit court for the fourth
circuit.
TAYLOR, GEORGE LANSING, clergy
man, author, was born Feb. 13, 1835, in
Skaneateles, N. Y. He is a methodist
•clergyman of eastern New York; and the
author of Elijah the Reformer, a Ballad
Epic; Grant: an Elegy, and Other Po
ems; What Shall we Do with the Sunday
School?; and The New Africa.
TAYLOR, GEORGE W., lumber mer-
•chant, state legislator, was born March 31,
1855, in Wenham, Mass. He is a success
ful lumber merchant of Marinette, Wis.
In 1894 he was elected a member of the
Wisconsin state legislature, and received
the re-election in 1896.
TAYLOR, GEORGE WASHINGTON,
•soldier, lawyer, state legislator, congress
man, was born Jan. 16, 1849, in Mont-
.gomery county, Ala. He enlisted as a pri
vate in company D, first regiment South
Carolina cavalry, and served as a courier
till the end of the war. He was elected to
the lower house of the general assembly
-of Alabama in 1878, and served one term
as a member from Choctaw county. In
1880 he was elected state solicitor for the
first judicial circuit of Alabama, and was
Te-elected in 1886. He was elected to the
fifty-fifth congress of the United States
as a democrat.
TAYLOR, GEORGE WILLIAM, soldier,
was born Nov. 22, 1808, in Hunterdon
•county, N. J. When the civil war began
he was made colonel of the third New
Jersey infantry. He received his com
mission as brigadier-general of volunteers
in 1862. He died in September, 1862, in
Alexandria, Va.
TAYLOR, HANNIS, lawyer, author, was
born in 1851 in North Carolina. He is a
lawyer of Mobile, minister to Spain in
1893-97; and the author of The Origin
and Growth of the English Constitution.
TAYLOR, HENRY OSBORN, author,
was born in 1856 in New York. He is a
legal writer of New York city; and the
author of Treatise on the Law of Private
Corporations, a standard work much used
as a text-book in law schools; and An
cient Ideals.
TAYLOR, IDA SCOTT, author, poet,
was born in Springfield, 111. With Martha
C. Oliver she has written three juvenile
books in verse entitled The Story of Co
lumbus; In Slavery Days; and The Far
West.
TAYLOR, ISAAC EBENEZER, physi
cian, author, was born April 25, 1812, in
Philadelphia, Pa. In 1861 the Bellevue
Hospital Medical college was incorporated
and went into operation, and he became
its president and treasurer. He was one
of the originators of the New York Medi
cal Journal, and president of its associa
tion in 1869-70.
TAYLOR, ISAAC HAMILTON, lawyer,
congressman, was born April 18, 1840.
near New Harrisburg, Ohio. He engaged
in the practice of the law at Carrollton,
Ohio, in his native county; and was clerk
of the courts of Carroll county from 1870
to 1877. In 1884 he was elected a repre
sentative from Ohio to the forty-ninth con-
,gress as a republican.
TAYLOR, JAMES BARNETT, mission
ary, author, was born March 19, 1819, in
England. He was a baptist missionary
in Virginia; and the author of Life of Lot
Gary; and Lives of Virginia Baptist Min
isters. He died Dec. 22, 1871, in Rich
mond, Va.
TAYLOR, [JAMES] BAYARD, author,
poet, was born in 1825 in Pennsylvania.
He was an author well known as poet,
novelist, translator, and traveler. His
volumes of verse comprise Ximena, and
Other Poems; Rhymes of Travel; Poems
and Ballads; Poems of Home and Travel;
Poems of the Orient, his most original
work; The Picture of St. John; The Po
et's Journal; Lars; The Masque of the
Gods; Home Pastorals; Prince Deukali-
on; The Prophet, a tragedy; and Centen
nial Ode. In fiction he published Beauty
and the Beast; Hannah Thurston; The
Story of Kennett; John Godfrey's For
tune; Joseph and His Friend. His trav
els include Views Afoot; Eldorado; By
ways of Europe; Central Africa; Egypt
and Iceland; Greece and Russia; At
Home and Abroad; India, China, and Ja
pan; The Lands of the Saracen; and Col
orado. The translation of Faust is his
greatest work, and the one on which his
fame will most securely rest. Other works
of his are School History of Germany;
Literary Essays and Notes; Studies in
German Literature; and The Echo Club,
and Other Literary Diversions. He died
in 1878.
TAYLOR, JAMES MONROE, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 5, 1848, in Brook
lyn, N. Y. He has been president of Vas-
sar college from 1886; and is the author
of Psychology.
TAYLOR, JAMES WICKES, public of
ficial, author, was born Nov. 6, 1819, in
Starkey, Yates county, N. Y. He was a
United States consul at Winnipeg, Mani
toba, from 1870; and the author of The
Victim of Intrigue, a Tale of Burr's Con
spiracy; History of Ohio, First Period:
1620-1787; Manual of Ohio School Sys
tem; Forest and Fruit Culture in Manito
ba; and Mineral Resources of the United
States. He died in 1893.
TAYLOR, JOHN, United States senator,
author, was born in 1750 in Orange coun
ty, Va. He was a politician of prominence
in his day as a United States senator from
Virginia in 1792-94, and also in 1803-09,
and 1822-24. He was the author of Inquiry
into the Principles and Polity of the
United States Government; Agricultural
Essays; Construction Construed; Tyran
ny Unmasked; and New Views of the
United States Constitution. He died Aug.
20, 1824, in Caroline county, Va.
TAYLOR, JOHN, missionary, author,
was born in 1752 in Fauquier county, Va.
He published an account of his religious
labors and of the churches that he had
aided in founding, under the title of A
History of Ten Baptist Missions. He died
in 1833 in Forks of Elkhorn, Ky.
TAYLOR, JOHN, lawyer, congressman,
United States senator, governor, was born
May 4, 1770, in Columbia, S. C. He served
in the South Carolina state legislature a
number of years; was a presidential elect
or in 1797; was a representative in con
gress from South Carolina from 1807 to
1809. and also from 1817 to 1821. He was a
senator in congress from 1810 to 1816; was
a trustee of the South Carolina college in
1806; a state senator in 1810 and 1822; and
was governor of the state from 1826 to
1828. He was also at one time receiver of
public moneys in Mississippi territory. He
died April 16, 1832, in Columbia, S. C.
TAYLOR, JOHN J., congressman, was
born in Massachusetts. He settled in New
York; and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1853 to
1855.
TAYLOR, JOHN L., lawyer, congress
man, was born March 7, 1805, in Stafford
county, Va. He settled in Chillicothe,
Ohio, in 1829; and was for six years ma
jor-general of the Ohio militia. He was
a representative in congress from Ohio
from 1847 to 1855; and in 1870 was ap
pointed a clerk in the interior department.
He died Sept. 6, 1870, in Washington,
D. C.
TAYLOR, JOHN LOUIS, lawyer, jurist,
author, was born March 1, 1769, in Eng
land. He was a former chief justice of
North Carolina in 1810-29; and the author
of Superior Court Cases in Law and Equi
ty; The North Carolina Law Repository;
Term Reports; and Duties of Executors
and Administrators. He died Jan. 29,
1829, in Raleigh, N. C.
TAYLOR, JOHN MAY, soldier, lawyer,
congressman, was born May 18, 1838, in
Lexington, Tenn. He entered the confed
erate army in 1861; was elected lieuten
ant; and was subsequently promoted to
the rank of major. In 1869 he was elected
mayor of Lexington, Tenn.; and was attor
ney-general of the eleventh judicial cir
cuit from 1870 to 1878. He was a member
of the state house of representatives in the
called sessions of 1881 and 1882. He was
elected a representative from Tennessee
to the forty-eighth congress; and was re-
elected to the forty-ninth congress as a
democrat.
TAYLOR, JOHN NEILSON, lawyer, au
thor, was born July 24, 1805, in New
Brunswick, N. J. rie was a lawyer of
Brooklyn; ' and the author of American
Law of Landlord and Tenant; and The
Law of Executors and Administrators in
New York State. He died Feb. 6, 1878, in
New Brunswick, N. J.
TAYLOR, JOHN ORVILLE, reformer,
author, was born May 14, 1807, in Charl-
ton, N. Y. He was an educational writer
and reformer long prominent in New
York state, and after 1879 a resident of
New Brunswick, N. J. He was the author
of The District School, or Popular Educa
tion. He died Jan. 18, 1890, in New Bruns
wick, N. J.
TAYLOR, JOHN VINCENT, soldier, po
et, was born in 1834 in Bristol, England.
In 1862 'he moved to New York, making
a name for himself
by his contributions
to the Christian In-
telligencer, at the
B outbreak of the civil
war, upon the lead
ing topics of that
time. Eventually he
volunteered and join
ed the second New
York state militia,
eighty-second regi
ment for three years
for the war, having
the good fortune in his first battle at the
Wilderness to rescue and bring the stars
and stripes from the field where they had
been left by the color-sergeant, who was
shot. In 1872 he sailed for Australia, and
was known among Australian journalists
as That Young Man from America. He
became connected with the United States
Sewing Machine Times; at the same time
contributed to the Age of Steel, St. Louis,
Mo., as well as supplying New York let
ters to various American and European
publications.
91k
HKRRINGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
TAYLOR. JOHN W., lawyer, state sena
tor, congressman, was born March 26.
1784, in Charlton, N. Y. He was elected to
the New York state legislature in 1811,
and while in that body was elected to con
gress, where he served from 1813 to 1833;
and was speaker of the house for the sec
ond session of the sixteenth congress,
during the passage of the Missouri com
promise. He was also speaker of the nine
teenth congress; and was a state senator
in 1841 and 1842. He died Sept. 8, 1854, in
Cleveland, Ohio.
TAYLOR, JONATHAN, congressman,
was born in Connecticut. He removed to
Ohio; and was elected a representative
in congress from that state from 1839 to
1841.
TAYLOR, JOSEPH DANNER, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Nov. 7,
H30, in Belmont county, Ohio. He served
in the union army as a commissioned of
ficer during the war of the rebellion. He
was twice elected prosecuting attorney of
Ohio; and was president of the city school
board for seven years. He was elected a
representative from Ohio to the forty-sev
enth congress to fill a vacancy; and was
re-elected to the forty-eighth, fiftieth, fif
ty-first, and fifty-second congresses as a
republican.
TAYLOR, JOSEPH HANCOCK, soldier,
was born Jan. 26, 1836, in Kentucky. In
1863 he was assigned to duty as assistant
adjutant-general of the department at
Washington. He was appointed a major
on the staff in 1866; and was brevetted
colonel for faithful services during the
war. He died March 13. 1885, in Omaha,
Neb.
TAYLOR, JOSEPH PANNEL, soldier,
was born May 4, 1796, in Louisville, Ky.
He entered the army in 1813; passed
through all grades; and was commissioned
a brigadier-general in 1863. He died June
29, 1864, in Washington, D. C.
TAYLOR, MRS. MARIE HANSEN,
translator, was born June 2, 1829, in Ger
many. She zealously promoted her hus
band's. Bayard Taylor, literary career, and
translated into German his Greece; Han
nah Thurston (Hamburg); Story of Ken-
nett (Gotha, 1868); Tales of Home; ana
Studies in German Literature.
TAYLOR, MARSHALL WILLIAM, cler
gyman, author, was born July 1, 1846, in
Lexington, Ky. He was a methodist cler
gyman of African descent in Kentucky;
and the author of Handbook for Schools;
and The Negro in Methodism. He died
Sept. 11, 1887, in Louisville, Ky.
TAYLOR, MILES, congressman, was
born in New York. He was elected a rep
resentative from Louisiana to the thirty-
fourth, thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth con
gresses; and withdrew in February, 1861.
TAYLOR, MOSES, merchant, philan
thropist, was born Jan. 11, 1806, in New
York city. He was one of the originators
of submarine telegraphy, and has been an
active promoter of important railway
lines. Among his charitable gifts was one
of $250,000 in 1882 for a hospital for em
ployes of the Delaware, Lackawanna and
Western railroad, and coal and iron com-
piinies at Scranton, Pa.
TAYLOR. NATHANIEL O., lawyer,
clergyman, congressman, was born Dec.
29, 1819, in Carter county, Tenn. He was
a representative In congress from Ten-
iii ssee from 1854 to 1855; was a presi
dential elector in 1853 and 1860; and was
for several years a minister in the meth
odist episcopal church south. In 1865 he
was elected a representative from Tennes
see to the thirty-ninth congress. In 1867
he was appointed commissioner of Indian
affaire.
TAYLOR, NATHANIEL WILLIAM,
clergyman, author, was born June 23, 1786,
in New Milford, Conn. He was a congre
gational clergyman prominent in his day
as the exponent of the New Haven type
of theology; and was Dwight professor
at Yale university in 1822-38. He was
the author of Practical Sermons; Moral
Government of God; and Essays, etc..
upon Select Topics in Revealed Theology.
He died March 10, 1858, in New Haven,
Conn.
TAYLOR, NELSON, soldier, state sen
ator, congressman, was born June 8, 1821,
in South Norwalk, Conn. In 1849 he was
elected to the state senate of California.
In 1861 he was mustered into military
service as colonel of the seventy-second
regiment of New York volunteers; and
was promoted to the rank of brigadier-
general in 1862. In 1864 he was elected a
representative from New York to the
thirty-ninth congress.
TAYLOR, OLIVER ALDEN, clergyman,
author, was born Aug. 18, 1801, in Yar
mouth. Mass. He was a congregational
clergyman of Manchester, Mass.; and the
author of Brief Views of the Savior; and
Life of Jesus. He died Dec. 18. 1851, in
Manchester, Mass.
TAYLOR. RICHARD, soldier, author,
was born Jan. 27, 1826, in New Orleans,
La. He was a confederate officer; and
the author of Destruction and Recon
struction. He died April 12, 1879, in New
York city.
TAYLOR, RICHARD COWLING, geolo
gist, author, was born Jan. 18, 1789, in
England. He was an English geologist
who came to America in 1830, among
whose publications are. Geology and Nat
ural History of the Northeast Extremity
of the Alleghany Mountains; History and
Description of Fossil Fuel; and Statistics
of Coal. He died Nov. 26, 1851, in Eng
land.
TAYLOR, ROBERT, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representa
tive in congress from Virginia from 1825
to 1827.
TAYLOR, ROBERT BARRAUD, soldier,
lawyer, jurist, was born March 24, 1774,
in Norfolk, Va. He was a member of the
Virginia assembly in 1798-99. As a briga
dier-general of Virginia militia he served
in the defense of Norfolk in 1813-14. He
was a member of the state constitutional
convention of 1829-30, and judge of the
general court of Virginia from 1831 till
his death. He died April 13. 1834, in
Norfolk, Va.
TAYLOR, ROBERT L., lawyer, con
gressman, was born July 31, 1850, in Hap
py Valley, Tenn. He was elected a rep
resentative from Tennessee to the forty-
sixth congress as a democrat.
TAYLOR, ROBERT S., lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, author, was born May 22,
1838, in Ross county, Ohio. He has at-
. tained success at the
bar in Fort Wayne,
Ind.; has served
with distinction as a
member of the In
diana state legisla
ture; and also served
one term on the
bench. In 1881 he
was appointed a
member of the Mis
sissippi river com
mission by President
Garfleld to succeed
Harrison. He is regarded as
an authority on Mississippi river ques
tions; and has published many addresses
and papers on that subject. He was a
member of the monetary commission ap
pointed under the auspices of the Indian
apolis convention of 1897; and during
1873-96 has published discussions of the
money question covering all its various
phases.
TAYLOR, ROBERT W., educator, law
yer, journalist, congressman, was born
Nov. 26, 1852, in Youngstown, Ohio. In
1872 he commenced teaching in the high
school in Lisbon. Ohio, and was elected
superintendent of schools in 1873 and re-
elected in 1874. From 1875 to 1876 he
was editor of the Buckeye State newspa
per at Lisbon; was elected prosecuting at
torney of Columbiana county in 1880; and
re-elected in 1882, and served until Jan
uary, 1896. He was elected to the fifty-
fourth and re-elected to the fifty-fifth con
gress as a republican.
TAYLOR, ROBERT WILLIAM, physi
cian, educator, was born Aug. 11, 1842, in
England. He is one of the surgeons of
the venereal department of the Charity
hospital, and physician to the department
of skin diseases in Bellevue hospital dis
pensary, and for six years he was surgeon
to the department of venereal and skin
diseases of the New York dispensary.
TAYLOR. RUFUS, clergyman, author,
was born March 24, 1811. in Hanley, Mass.
He is a congregational minister of Massa
chusetts, whose home was at Beverly, N.
.1., after 1878. He is the author of Union
to Christ; Love to God; Thoughts on
Prayer; and Cottage Piety Exemplified.
TAYLOR. SAMUEL HARVEY, educa
tor, author, was born Oct. 3. 1807, in Der-
ry, N. H. He was an educator long promi
nent in Massachusetts; and principal of
Phillips academy, Andover, in 1837-71. He
was the author of Method of Classical
Study. He died Jan. 29, 1871, in Andover,
Mass.
TAYLOR, SAMUEL M., soldier, state
senator, was born April 19, 1831, in
Wayne county, Ind. He entered the army
in the late rebellion, and served with the
one hundred and first regiment Indiana
volunteers during the war. In 1876 he
was honored by an election to the sena
torial branch of the Indiana state legis
lature.
TAYLOR, STEPHEN WILLIAM, col-
l( ge president, was born Oct. 28, 1791, in
Adams, Mass. In 1851 he was elected
president of Colgate university, holding
that position until 1855, when he resigned.
He difd Jan. 6, 1856.
TAYLOR, THOMAS HOUSE, clergyman,
author, was born Oct. 18, 1799, in George
town, S. C. He was an episcopal cler
gyman, prominent in New York city as
the rector of Grace church in 1834-67. and
active as a low church controversialist. He
was the author of Sermons Preached in
Grace Church. He died Sept. 9, 1867, in
West Parke, N. Y.
TAYLOR, ln,AVIS, educator, lawyer,
was born Oct. 2, 1853. in Fairview, 111.
For ten years he lived in Lincoln coun
ty, Ky., and in 1868 moved to Howell
county. Mo. For many years he was en
gaged in educational work, and is now one
of the foremost lawyers of Missouri at
Willow Springs.
TAYLOR, VIRGIL CORYDON, musi
cian, was born in 1817 in Barkhamstead,
Conn. He endeavored to introduce in
musical notation an index-staff in which
the key-note occupies a heavier line or a
wider space. He published collections of
sacred and secular songs, containing many
compositions by himself. Their titles are
Sacred Minstrel; The Lute, or Musical
Instructor; Choral Anthems; The Golden
Lyre; Concordia: The Chime; The Celes-
tlna; The Song Festival; The Enchanter;
The Concertina; and The Praise Offering.
HERRIXGSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
919
TAYLOR, WALTER, soldier, lawyer,
jurist, United States senator, was born
in 1786 in Lunenburg county, Va. He was
a judge of the territory of Indiana in
1806. He was aide-de-camp to Gen. Har
rison at the battle of Tippecanoe; and was
United States senator from Indiana from
1816 to 1825. He died Aug. 26, 1826, in
Lunenburg, Va.
TAYLOR, WALTER HERRON, soldier,
banker, author, was born June 13, 1838,
in Norfolk, Va. He was a confederate
officer (Hiring the civil war, and subse
quently a banker in Norfolk. He is the
author of The Book of Travels of a Doc
tor of Physic; and Four Years with Gen
eral Lee.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM, congressman, was
born in Virginia. He was a representative
in congress from that state from 1833 to
1835.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM, lawyer, congress
man, was born in Alexandria, D. C. He
was elected a representative in congress
from Virginia, and served from 1843 to
1846. He died Jan. 17, 1846, in Washing
ton, D. C.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM, physician, state
legislator, congressman, was born in 1793,
in Connecticut. He was president of the
New York Medical society; and was a
practicing physician for fifty years. He
was for many years president of the board
of supervisors of the state of New York.
He was a member of the state legislature
in 1841, 1842, 1852 and 1853, in the two
latter years representing New York city.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1833 to 1839. He died
Sept. 6, 1865, in Manlius, N. Y.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM, missionary, au
thor, was born May 2, 1821, in Rockbridge
county, Va. He is a noted methodist
missionary and evangelist, appointed
bishop in Africa in 1884, among whose
writings are, California Life Illustrated;
Se\ en Years' Street Preaching in San
Francisco; Pauline Methods of Missionary
Work; The Model Preacher; Reconcilia
tion; The Election of Grace; Christian
Adventures in South Africa; and Our
South American Cousins.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM A., journalist, po
et, lawyer, politician, was born April 25,
1837, in Perry county, Ohio. Commenc
ing to write prose
and verse at the age
of fifteen, he taught
school at intervals
for the following six
years, at the same
time being editor
and part proprietor
of Perry County
Democrat. At the
age of twenty-one
he was admitted to
the bar, practiced
law for four years in
connection with editorial work, and was
also state's attorney a part of the same
time. He then became one of the editorial
writers of the Cincinnati Enquirer. He
served in the army of the Potomac dur
ing the war, after the close of which he
resumed editorial work on the Enquirer.
He was chief editorial writer of the Pitts-
burg Post for eight years subsequent to
1868. He next was employed successively
on the New York Sun for two years; then
on the New York World for a period;
next was managing editor of the Pitts-
burg Telegraph for nearly two years; and
then became editorial manager of Colum
bus Democrat and Times for several years.
He is now again with the Cincinnati En
quirer as staff correspondent and general
political writer.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM BOWER, lawyer,
physicist, journalist, was born May 23,
1821, in Philadelphia. In 1854 he was
made an examiner in the United States
patent office in Washington, where he re
mained until 1877. He was appointed ed
itor of the publications of the Smithson
ian institution in 1878.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM H., journalist, au
thor, was born May 2, 1862, in Arctic, R.
I. He is the editor and business man
ager of the Shore Line Times of New
Haven, Conn.; and is part owner of the
Windham County Standard of Putnam,
Conn. He was a messenger in the Con
necticut house of representatives in 1884;
doorkeeper in 1889; and is the author of
Taylor's Souvenir of the Capitol. 1877-98,
the best of the kind ever published in any
state.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM JAMES ROMEYN,
clergyman, author, was born July 31, 1823,
in Schodack, N. Y. In 1869 he had charge
of a church in Newark, N. J. He presided
over the general synod in 1871. From
1872 till 1876 he edited the Christian In
telligencer, and attended the presbyterian
councils held in Philadelphia, Belfast, and
London. He has published hymns, ad
dresses, sermons, and tracts. He is the au
thor of Louisa, a Pastor's Memorial (Phil
adelphia) ; The Bible in the Last Hundred
Years; Church Extension in Large Cities;
and On Co-operation in Foreign Missions.
TAYLOR, WILLIAM MACKERGO,
clergyman, author, was born Oct. 23, 1829,
in Scotland. He was a presbyterian cler
gyman of eminence. He came from Scot
land to New York city in 1871, and was
pastor of the Broadway Tabernacle in
1871-83. He was the author of Contrary
Winds; The Limitations of Life; The Lost
Found; The Gospel Miracles; Prayer and
Business; Life Truths; John Knox; Jo
seph the Prime Minister; Ruth the Glean
er and Esther the Queen; David, King of
Israel; Elijah the Prophet; Peter the
Apostle; Daniel the Beloved; Moses the
Law-Giver; Paul the Missionary; and The
Scottish Pulpit from the Reformation. He
died in 1895.
TAYLOR. WILLIAM R., agriculturist,
state senator, governor, was born in 1820
in Connecticut. He moved to Wisconsin
in 1848, and turned his attention to farm
ing; and held various county offices. He
was elected to the state legislature, both
house and senate; and in 1873 was elected
governor of Wisconsin.
TAYLOR, ZACHARY, twelfth presi
dent of the United States, was born Sept.
24, 1784, in Orange county, Va. He re
ceived a very limited
common school edu
cation. In 1808 he
was appointed lieu
tenant in the United
States infantry. Mr.
Taylor was married
in 1810. He was pro
moted from time to
time, and in 1840 at
tained the rank of
brigadier - general.
About this time he
purchased a large es
tate in Louisiana. In 1845 he was ordered
to Mexico, and commanded at the battles
of Palo Alto, Matamoras. Monterey and
Buena Vista. June 7, 1848, the whig na
tional convention met at Philadelphia.
June 8 the balloting commenced. On the
first ballot Zachary Taylor received 111
votes; Henry Clay, 97; Winfield Scott, 46;
Daniel Webster, 21, and John McLean, 2.
After another unsuccessful ballot the con
vention adjourned. On the first ballot.
June 9, Taylor received 133 votes; Clay,
74; Scott, 53; Webster, 16, and John M.
Clayton, 1. The second ballot resulted in
a choice, Taylor having received 171 votes;
Scott, 63; Clay, 30; Webster, 12. Millard
Fillmore was nominated for vice-president,
Messrs. Taylor and Fillmore were elected
the coming fall, and took the oath of of
fice March 5, 1849, the fourth of March oc
curring on Sunday (inauguration day) the
second time, and occurred again in 1877.
Mr. Taylor died July 9, 1850. Taylor
never held a political office or cast a vote
until he was elected to the presidency.
He left an estate worth about one hun
dred and fifty thousand dollars.
TAYLOR, ZACHARY, lawyer, state sen
ator, congressman, was born May 9, 1849,
in Haywood county, Tenn. In 1880 he was
elected a senator in the forty-second gen
eral assembly of Tennessee; and was
postmaster at Covington from 1883 to 1885.
In 1884 he was elected a representative
from Tennessee to the forty-ninth con
gress as a republican.
TAZEWELL, HENRY, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, United States senator,
was born in 1753 in Brunswick county, Va.
In 1775 he was a member of the Virginia
house of burgesses, and in the convention
of 1776. He was a member of the house
of delegates for many years; was elected
judge in 1785; and of the first court of ap
peals in 1793. From 1794 to 1799 he was
United States senator from Virginia. He
died Jan. 24, 1799, in Philadelphia, Pa.
TAZEWELL, LITTLETON WALLER,
lawyer, congressman, governor, United
States senator, was born Dec. 17, 1774, in
Williamsburg, Va. He was a member of
the Virginia legislature in 1798. He was
a representative in congress from Virginia
from 1799 to 1801; and was a senator in
congress from 1824 to 1832. He was gov
ernor of Virginia from 1834 to 1836. He
died May 6, 1860, in Norfolk, Va.
TEAGER, MICHAEL MOORES, soldier,
lawyer, poet, was born May 1, 1833, in
Bath county, Ky. In 1880 he was elected
county and prosecuting attorney in Ken
tucky, and subsequently was appointed
master in chancery. He has been editor
of several newspapers; and is the author
of a number of poems, and a volume in
blank verse entitled Marian.
TEALL, FRANCIS AUGUSTUS, jour
nalist, was born Aug. 16, 1822, in Fort
Anne, N. Y. He assisted Ephraim G.
Squier in preparing his Ancient Monu
ments of the Mississippi Valley, and John
R. Bartlett in the first edition of his Dic
tionary of Americanisms, and made the
analytical index to the American edition
of Napier's Peninsular War. In 1853 he
became editor of a newspaper at Hunt-
ington, L. I.
TEESE, FREDERICK H., lawyer, jur
ist, congressman, was born Oct. 12, 1823,
in Newark, N. J. In 1860 he was a mem
ber of the New Jersey general assembly:
and was re-elected in 1861, and made
speaker. He was appointed presiding
judge of the Essex court of common pleas
in 1864; and was reappointed in 1869. He
was elected a representathe from New
Jersey to the forty-fourth congress.
TEFFT, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, cler
gyman, author, was born in 1813 in Floyd,
N. Y. He was a methodist clergyman of
Maine; and the author of The Shoulder-
Knot, a Story of the Seventeenth Century;
Memorials of Prison Life; Methodism Suc
cessful; Our Political Parties; Evolution
and Christianity; Hungary and Kossuth;
and Life of Daniel Webster. He died Sept.
16, 1885, in Brewer, Maine.
920
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
TEFFT, LYMAN B., clergyman, educa
tor, college president, was born July 15,
1833, in Exeter township, R. I. He has
been professor in Roger Williams univer
sity, Tenn.; and is now president of the
Hartshorn Memorial college, Va.
TELPAIR, EDWARD, merchant, con
gressman, was born in 1735 in Scotland.
He was a delegate from Savannah, Ga., to
the old congress in 1778, and from 1780 to
1783. He died Sept. 17, 1807, in Savannah
Ga.
TELFAIR, THOMAS, congressman. He
was a representative in congress from
Georgia from 1813 to 1817. He died in
April, 1818, in Savannah, Ga.
TELLER, HENRY MOORE, lawyer,
United States senator, was born May 23,
1830, in Granger, N. Y. He moved to Illi
nois in 1858, and from there to Colorado
in 1861. He never held office until he was
elected to the United States senate on
the admission of Colorado as a state, and
took his seat in 1876; and was re-elected
in 1876. He served until April 17, 1882,
when he was appointed secretary of the
interior; and served until March 3, 1885.
He was again elected to the United States
senate as a republican to fill a vacancy,
and took his seat March 4, 1885; and was
re-elected in 1890 and in 1897.
TELLER, ISAAC, congressman, was
born in 1798 in New York. He was elected
a representative from New York to the
thirty-third congress to fill a vacancy. He
died April 30, 1868, in Matteawan, N. J.
TEMPLE, DANIEL, missionary, au
thor, was born Dec. 23, 1798, in Reading,
Mass. He was ordained as an evangelist
in 1821, and went to Malta as a mission
ary in 1822, where he labored till his re
turn to this country in September, 1828.
He published many works in modern
Greek, Italian and Armenian, including
several biographies of Bible characters,
and edited a monthly magazine in Greek.
He died Aug. 9, 1851, in Reading, Mass.
TEMPLE, EDWARD LOWE, banker,
author, was born May 12, 1844 in Fort
Winnebago, Wis. Since 1883 he has been
manager of the Marble Savings bank; and
in 1893 he published a volume entitled The
Church in the Prayer Book; Shakespeare:
the Man and his Art; and the Testimony
of the Scriptures.
TEMPLE, JACKSON, lawyer, jurist,
was born Aug. 11, 1827, in Heath, Mass.
He was appointed to the bench of the
California state supreme court to fill a
vacancy in 1887. and then continued in his
seat by re-election. He has also served as
district judge and judge of the superior
court of Sonoma county.
TEMPLE, OLIVER P., lawyer, jurist,
author, was born Jan. 27, 1820. in Greene
county, Tenn. He is a noted lawyer of
Knoxville, Tenn.; and during 1866-78 was
chancellor of the second chancery division
of Tennessee. He is the author of The
Covenanter; The Cavalier; and The Puri
tan.
TEMPLE, WILLIAM, merchant, state
senator, governor, was born Feb. 28, 1815,
in Queen Anne county, Md. In 1844 he
was elected to the Delaware state legis
lature, and was speaker of the house. The
governor of the state and president of the
senate having died, he became acting-gov
ernor for the remainder of the term. Dur
ing the next ten years he was a member
of the state senate, and declined a re
election in 1854. He was elected a repre
sentative from Delaware to the thirty-
eighth congress. He died in 1863 in Smyr
na, Del.
TEMPLE, WILLIAM GRANVILLE, na
val officer, was born March 23, 1824, in
Rutland, Vt. He served with distinction
through the Mexican and civil wars; and
became a rear admiral in 1884.
TEMPLER, JAMES N., lawyer, was
born Feb. 8, 1836, in Xenia, Ohio. In 1861
he was elected prosecuting attorney of the
thirteenth judicial circuit of Indiana, and
held the office three consecutive terms
of two years each.
TEN BROECK, ABRAHAM, soldier,
banker, jurist, state senator, was born
May 13, 1734, in Albany, N. Y. He was
made a colonel of militia early in the
revolution, and in 1778 became brigadier-
general of militia. He was mayor of Al
bany, N. Y., in 1779-83; a member of the
state senate in 1780-83, and judge of the
court of common pleas in 1781-84. He died
Jan. 19, 1810, in Albany, N. Y.
TEN EYCK, EGBERT, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
April 18, 1779, in Rensselaer county, N.
Y. He was a member of the New York
assembly in 1812 and 1813, and speaker.
He was a representative in congress from
New York from 1823 to 1825. He also held
the offices of judge of the Jefferson county
court, and president of a county agricul
tural society. He died April 11, 1844, in
Watertown, N. Y.
TEN EYCK, HENRY JAMES, journal
ist, author, was born July 25, 1856, in
Albany, N. Y. He was an occasional con
tributor to the magazines, more particu
larly the Century and the Popular Science
Monthly, an article from his pen in the
latter magazine in 1886 on Some Tenden
cies in Taxation having attracted much at
tention. He died Nov. 29, 1887, in Al
bany, N. Y.
TEN EYCK, JOHN CONOVER, lawyer,
United States senator, was born March 21,
1814, in Freehold, N. J. In 1839 he was
appointed prosecutor of the pleas for Bur
lington county, N. J., holding the posi
tion for ten years; and was elected a
senator in congress for the term com
mencing in 1859 and ending in 1865. He
died Aug. 24, 1879, in Mount Holly, N. J.
TENNANT, ALBERT C., lawyer, jurist,
was born Nov. 11, 1846, in Willet, N. Y.
In 1873 he was admitted to the bar at
Albany, N. Y.; was elected surrogate in
1883, and so ably and satisfactorily dis
charged his duties that in 1889 he re
ceived the re-election to the same office.
TENNENT, GILBERT, clergyman, au
thor, was born in 1703 in Ireland. He
was a presbyterian clergyman of Philadel
phia, active in his day as a controver
sialist; and the author of XXIII Ser
mons; Discourses on Several Subjects;
and Sermons on Important Subjects. He
died July 23, 1764, in Philadelphia, Pa.
TENNEY, MRS. ABBY AMY GOVE, au
thor. She is the author of Pictures and
Stories of Animals for the Little Ones at
Home; and a New Game of Natural His
tory. She also contributed to scientific
journals.
TENNEY. CHARLES HENRY, mer
chant, was born July 9, 1842, in Salem, N.
H. While owning an interest in the hat in
dustry, he is pre
eminently a commis
sion merchant; and
In this capacity he
now represents up
ward of forty hat
« manufacturing con-
; cerns, among them
the largest not only
in the United States
but in the world.
Prominent in the
town of Methuen, N.
Y., is a shaft in
granite and bronze, erected by him at a
cost of $20,000, to commemorate the mem
ory of the men of Methuen who fell on
southern battlefields. The town supplied
a company of the sixth Massachusetts in
fantry, the first regiment to pass through
Baltimore for the defense of Washington
upon the outbreak of the war.
TENNEY. EDWARD PAYSON, clergy
man, college president, author, was born
in 1835. He is a congregational clergy
man of New England, at one time presi
dent of Colorado college; and the author
of Agamenticus; and Constance of Aca-
dia, a novel.
TENNEY, SAMUEL, soldier, physician,
lawyer, jurist, congressman, was born
Nov. 27, 1748, in Byfield, Mass. He was
present at the battle of Bunker Hill,
where he was employed in attending upon
the wounded. He was attached to the
Rhode Island line of the provincial army,
and served during the whole war. For
many years he was judge of probate in
Exeter, N. H. In 1800 he was elected a
representative from that state in the con
gress of the United States. He died Feb.
6, 1816, in Exeter, N. H.
TENNEY, SANBORN, naturalist, au
thor, was born Jan. 13, 1827, in Stoddard,
N. H. He was a naturalist who was pro
fessor of natural history at Williams col
lege from 1868; and the author of Ele
ments of Zoology; Manual of Zoology; and
Geology for Teachers. He died July 9,
1877, in Buchanan, Mich.
TENNEY, MRS. SARAH [BROWN-
SON], author, was born June 7, 1839, in
Chelsea, Mass. She was the author of
Marion Elwood, or How Girls Live; At
Anchor; and Life of Demetrius Gallitzin,
Prince and Priest. She died Oct. 30, 1876,
in Elizabeth, N. J.
TENNEY, MRS. TABITHA [OILMAN],
author, was born in 1762 in Exeter, N. H.
She wrote Female Quixotism, an amusing
satirical novel, which was long popular.
She died May 2, 1837, in Exeter, N. H.
TENNEY, WILLIAM JEWETT, author,
was born in 1814 in Newport, R. I. He
was a writer who lived at Elizabeth, N. J.,
for many years. He edited Appleton's
Annual Cyclopedia in 1861-82, and wrote
a Military and Naval History of the Re
bellion. He died Sept. 20, 1883, in New
ark, N. J.
TERHUNE, ALBERT PAYSON, jour
nalist, author, was born in 1825 in New
Brunswick, N. J. He is the author of
Syria from the Saddle, a volume of trav
els; Columbia Stories, a collection of
sketches; and The Great Cedarhurst Mys
tery.
TERHUNE, MRS. MARY VIRGINIA
[HA WES], author, was born in 1830 in
Amelia county, Va. She is a popular nov
elist, lecturer, and writer on domestic top
ics, and the wife of a Dutch reformed
clergyman of New York city. Her work
in fiction includes, Alone; Moss-Side;
Beechdale; Judith; The Hidden Path;
Handicapped; Nemesis; At Last; Helen
Gardner's Wedding-Day; Jessamine; With
the Best Intentions; True as Steel; Sun-
nybank; From My Youth Up; My Lit
tle Love; A Gallant Fight; The Royal
Road; His Great Self; Mr. Wayt's Wife's
Sister; Eve's Daughters; and Marion.
Other works of hers are, Common Sense
in the Household, a widely known manual
of housewifery; Common Sense in the
Nursery; The Cottage Kitchen; The Din
ner Year-Book; Breakfast, Luncheon, and
Tea; The Story of Mary Washington; and
Loitering in Pleasant Paths.
HERRINGSHAW'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OP AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
921
TERRAL, JOHN H. D., clergyman, mis
sionary, was born Aug. 1, 1858, in Pauld-
ing, Miss. He received his education in
the Summerville institute of Gholson,
Miss.; was mayor of Spanish Fork, Texas,
in 1885; and since that time has been a
missionary, and identified with the meth-
odist episcopal church south. He founded
the town of Terral, I. T., where he is
also a successful merchant, and promi
nent in public affairs.
TERRELL, JOHN A., physician, public
official, was born in 1850 in Auburn Mills,
Va. He received his education at the uni
versity of Maryland; and graduated in
medicine from the Baltimore Medical col
lege. He is one of the leading physicians
of the south, and has a large practice in
his native city; has been justice of the
peace, postmaster, and filled various other
public positions of trust.
TERRELL, WILLIAM, agriculturist,
state legislator, congressman, was born in
1778 in Fairfax county, Va. He was fre
quently a member of the Georgia legisla
ture; and was a representative in con
gress from Georgia from 1817 to io21. In
1853 he made a donation of twenty thou
sand dollars for the establishment of an
agricultural professorship in the univer
sity of Georgia, which professorship bears
his name. He died July 4 1855, in Sparta,
<Ja.
TERRILL, WILLIAM RUFUS, soldier,
•was born April 21, 1834, in Covington, Va.
He was appointed brigadier-general of
volunteers in 1862, and was killed in the
battle of Perryville in the same year. He
died Oct. 8, 1862, near Perryville, Ky.
TERRY, ADRIAN RUSSELL, educator,
physician, author, was born Sept. 29, 1808,
in Hartford, Conn. He was a physician
and educator who was for some years pro
fessor in Bristol college, Pa.; and the au
thor of Travels in the Equatorial Regions
of South America in 1832. He died Dec.
3, 1864, in Chicago, 111.
TERRY, ALFRED HOWE, soldier, law
yer, was born Nov. 10, 1827, in Hartford,
Conn. He served with distinction through
the civil war, and was promoted to briga
dier-general of volunteers in 1862. He
died Dec. 16, 1890, in New Haven, Conn.
TERRY, ELI, clock-maker, was born
April 13, 1772, in East Windsor, Conn. In
1792 he made his first wooden clock, which
is still preserved in the family, and is one
of the first that was made in this coun
try. A year later he settled in Plymouth,
Conn., and there began the manufacture
of wooden and brass clocks. He died Feb.
24, 1852, in Terryville, Conn.
TERRY, LUTHER, painter, was born
July 18, 1813, in Enfield, Conn. The first
important work from his easel was one
that had for its subject Christ Disputing
with the Doctors in the Temple, which is
now in the Wadsworth athengeum, Hart
ford, Conn. Other paintings by Mr. Terry
are The Loves of the Angels, from By
ron's Heaven and Earth; Columbus before
Ferdinand and Isabella; and Jacob's
Dream, several times repeated.
TERRY, MILTON SPENCER, educator,
•clergyman, author, was born Feb. 22, 1840,
in Albany county, N. Y. He is a metho-
dist clergyman and educator; and since
1884 a professor in Garrett Biblical in
stitute of Evanston, 111. He is the au
thor of Commentary on Judges, Ruth and
Samuel; Commentary on Kings, Chron
icles, Ezra, and Nehemiah; Commentary
on Genesis and Exodus; Biblical Her-
meneutics; Sibylline Oracles; The Song
of Songs; Prophecies of Daniel Expound-
«d; and Rambles in the Old World.
TERRY, NATHANIEL, congressman,
was born in 1786 in Enfield, Conn. He
resided in Hartford, Conn., and held vari
ous offices in his native state. From 1817
to 1819 was a representative in congress.
He died June 14, 1844, in New Haven,
Conn.
TERRY, WILLIAM, soldier, journalist,
lawyer, congressman, was born Aug. 14,
1824, in Amherst county, Va. He served
in the confederate army, and became a
general. He was elected from Virginia a
representative to the forty-second con
gress; and in 1874 was elected to the for
ty-fourth congress. He died Sept. 5, 1888,
near Wytheville, Va.
TERRY, WILLIAM LEAKE, soldier,
lawyer, congressman, was born Sept. 27,
1850, in Anson county, N. C. He was
elected to the city council of Little Rock,
Ark., in 1877; was elected to the state
senate -in 1878, and was elected president
of the senate at the close of the session in
1879. He served eight terms as city at
torney of Little Rock; and was elected to
the fifty-second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth
and fifty-fifth congresses as a democrat.
TERRY, WILLIAM RICHARD, soldier,
state senator, was born March 12, 1827, in
Liberty, Va. At the beginning of the
civil war he entered the confederate serv
ice as captain of Virginia cavalry, and was
soon promoted and given command of the
twenty-fourth Virginia regiment. In 1864
'he was made brigadier-general. After the
war he served as a member of the Vir
ginia senate for eight years, and for some
time was superintendent of the peniten
tiary in Richmond. He then became su
perintendent of the Lee Camp Soldiers'
home in Richmond.
TESCHEMACHER, JAMES ENGLE-
BERT, merchant, scientist, author, was
born June 11, 1790, in England. Besides
several addresses, he published Concise
Application of the Principles of Struc
tural Botany to Horticulture; Essay on
Guano (1845); and a translation of Julius
A. Stockhardt's Chemical Field Lectures.
He died Nov. 9, 1853, in Boston, Mass.
TESLA, NIKOLA, electrician, was
born in 1857. He is the inventor of the
mechanical and electrical oscillator.
TEST, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, congress
man, was born in Salem, N. J. He was a
representative in congress from Indiana
from 1823 to 1827, and from 18^ to 1831.
He was presiding judge of one of the cir
cuit courts of Indiana. He died Oct. 9,
1849, near Cambridge City, Ind.
TETLOW, JOHN, college president, au
thor, was born April 1, 1843, in Provi
dence, R. I. He became headmaster of the
Boston Girls' High and Latin schools, and
president of the New England Association
of Colleges and Preparatory Schools. He
is the author of a series of elementary
Latin and Greek classics.
TEUFFEL, MRS. BLANCHE WILLIS
[HOWARD] VON, author, was born in
1847 in Maine. She is a novelist who has
lived in Stuttgart, Germany, since 1875;
and is the author of One Summer; Aul-
nay Tower; Aunt Serena; Guenn; The
Open Door; No Heroes, a Story for Boys;
A Fellowe and His Wife; Seven on the
Highway, short stories; and One Year
Abroad: European Travel Sketches.
THACHER, GEORGE, lawyer, jurist,
state legislator, congressman, was born
April 12, 1754, in Yarmouth, Maine. He
was a delegate to the old congress; and
on the adoption of the constitution he
served as a representative in congress
from Massachusetts from 1789 to 1801. In
1792 he was elected a district judge in
Maine, serving until 1800, when he was
chosen a judge of the supreme court in
Massachusetts; and held the latter office
until 1824. He died April 6, 1824, in Bidde-
ford, Maine.
THACHER, JAMES, physician, author,
was born Feb. 14, 1754, in Barnstable,
Mass. He was a physician of Plymouth,
Mass., prominent in his youth as a mili
tary surgeon in the battles of the Ameri
can revolution; and the author of Ameri
can Medical Biography; History of Ply
mouth; Essay on Demonology; American
New Dispensatory; Observations on Hy
drophobia; A Military Journal During the
American Revolution, a work of great
value; The Management of Bees; Ameri
can Orchardist; and Observations Relat
ing to the Execution of Major Andre. He
died May 26, 1844, in Plymouth, Mass.
THACHER, JOHN BOYD, bibliograph
er, author, was born in 1847 in New York.
He is a critical scholar and bibliographer
of Albany, mayor of that city in 1897; and
the author of Charlecote, a drama; The
Continent of America, its Discovery and
its Baptism; and Little Speeches.
THACHER, JOHN MARSHALL, sol
dier, lawyer, public official, was born July
1, 1836, in Barre, Vt. He served as a vol
unteer officer during the war of the union.
In 1864 he was appointed assistant exam
iner in the patent office; and rose by regu
lar promotion to the rank of commis
sioner in 1874.
THACHER, OXENBRIDGE, lawyer, au
thor, was born in 1720 in Milton, Mass.
He was successful at the bar, and took
an active part in opposition to the Eng
lish government during the early stages
of the revolution, being at that time one
of the four representatives of Boston in
the general court. He published Consid
erations upon Reducing the Value of the
Gold Coins Within the Province; and Sen
timents of a British-American, occasioned
by an Act to Lay Certain Dunes in the
British Colonies and Plantations. He died
July 8, 1765, in Boston, Mass.
THACHER, PETER, clergyman, author,
was born in 1651 in Sdlem, Mass. He was
ordained pastor of the church in Milton,
Mass., in 1681, and labored there for the
remainder of his life. He published Un
belief Detected and Condemned, to which
is added the Treasures of the Fathers In
heritable by their Posterity; Election Ser
mon; Christ's Forgiveness a Pattern: A
Sermon; A Sermon on the Death of Sam
uel Man; A Divine Riddle: He that is
Weak is Strong; and The Perpetual Cov
enant. He died Dec. 17, 1725, in Milton,
Mass.
THACHER, PETER, clergyman, author,
was born March 21, 1752, in Milton, Mass.
He published a Narrative of the Battle of
Bunker Hill. He died Dec. 16, 1802, in
Savannah, Ga.
THACHER, SAMUEL, lawyer, state leg
islator, congressman, was born July 1,
1776, in Cambridge, Mass. He was a rep
resentative in congress from Massachu
setts from 1802 to 1805; and served eleven
years in the Massachusetts legislature. He
was sheriff of Lincoln county from 1814
to 1821. He died July 19, 1872, in Bangor,
Maine.
THACHER, SAMUEL COOPER, clergy
man, author, was born Dec. 14, 1785, in
Boston, Mass. He was a Unitarian cler
gyman of Boston, pastor of the New
South church in 1811-15; and the author
of An Apology for Rational and Evangeli
cal Christianity; The Unity of God; Ser
mons; and Evidences Necessary to Es
tablish the Doctrine of the Trinity. He
died Jan. 2, 1818, in France.
922
HERRINOSHAWS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY.
THACHER, THOMAS, clergyman, au
thor, was born May 1, 1620, in England.
He was a Puritan clergyman, pastor and
physician at Weymouth, Mass., in 1644-
66, and pastor of the Old South church in
Boston from 1666. He published, in 1677,
A Brief Rule to Guide the Common Peo
ple of New England How to Order Them
selves and Theirs in the Small Pocks or
Measels, supposed to be the first medi
cal work published in New England. He
died Oct. 15, 1678, in Boston, Mass.
THARIN, ROBERT SEYMOUR SYM-
MES, lawyer, author, was born Jan. 10,
1S30, near Charleston, S. C. He is a
lawyer of Alabama who was prominent
as a unionist during the civil war, and
has since been employed in the auditor's
office in Washington. He is the author of
Arbitrary Arrests in the South; and Let
ters on the Political Situation.
THATCHER, BENJAMIN BUSSEY,
lawyer, author, poet, was born Oct. 8,
1809, in Warren, Maine. He was the son
of Col. Samuel Thatcher, a noted lawyer,
and a member of congress. He became
an eminent lawyer of Boston, Mass. He
edited a volume of Mrs. Hemans's Poems;
contributed Lives of the Indians to Har
per's Family Library; and for their Juve
nile Series a work called Indian Traits. He
traveled extenshely; and contributed
sketches of his travels to the leading jour
nals of America. He died July 14, 1840,
in Boston, Mass.
THATCHER, HENRY KNOX, naval of
ficer, was bcrn May 26, 1806, in Thomas-
ton. Maine. In 1823 he was a midship
man; passed through all the grades; and
was appointed rear-admiral in 1866. He
died April 5, 1880, in Boston, Mass.
THATCHER, MOSES, mormon apostle,
was born Feb. 2, 1842, in Sangamon coun
ty, 111. He is now vice-president of Zion's
Co-operative Mtrcantile institution of Salt
Lake City, and of the Deseret National
and Deseret Savings banks.
THATCHER, OLIVER JOSEPH, educa
tor, clergyman, author, was born about
1850 in Ohio. He is a presbyterian cler
gyman, assistant professor of mediaeval
and English history in the university of
Chicago from 1893; and the author of A
Sketch of the History of the Apostolic
Church; Europe in the Middle Age; and
A Short History of Medireval Europe.
THAXTER, ADAM WALLACE, dram
atist, author, was born Jan. 16, 1832, in
Boston, Mass. He was a dramatist of Bos
ton among whose plays are, The Sculptor;
Olympia; Mary Tudor; and The Painter
of Naples. He published, also. The Grotto
Nymph. He died June 8, 1864, in Boston,
Mass.
THAXTER. MRS. CELIA [LAIGH-
TON], poet, was born June 24, 1836, in
Portsmouth, N. H. She was a poet whose
childhood and much
I of her later life
J was spent in the
' Isles of Shoals. Her
1 verse is distinctly
, original and is large-
I ly the poetry of the
shore, such poems as
! The Sandpiper;
, Courage; K i 1 1 e r y
: Church-Yard; The
• Spaniards' Graves;
i and The Watch of
Boon Island, being
characteristic of her work in verse. Her
volumes of verse comprise. Drift- Weed;
The Cruise of the Mystery; Idyls and Pas
torals; Verses; Poems for Children; and
Poems, Appledore Edition. She wrote,
also An Island Garden; and Among the
Isles of Shoals. She died in 1K!»4.
THAYER, ABBOTT HENDERSON, ar
tist, was born Aug. 12. 1849, in Boston,
Mass. He painted chiefly animals until
he had been two years abroad. Since that
time he has de\oted himself principally to
figure-painting. He has also essayed land
scapes with success. At the Paris salon
of 1877 he exhibited Le sommeil; and in
the following year he sent a portrait.
THAYER, ALEXANDER WHEELOCK,
author, was born Oct. 22, 1817, in South
Natick. Mass. He is a writer whose later
life has been spent abroad, and who was
consul at Trieste in 1859-82. His most
important work, a Life of Beethoven, the
third volume of which was published in
Berlin in 1887, has not been printed in
English. It is still unfinished. The He
brews and the Red Sea; and Signior Ma-
soni and Other Papers by the late I.
Brown.
THAYER, AMOS M.. soldier, lawyer,
jurist, was born Oct. 10, 1841, in Mina, N.
Y. During the war lie was first lieu
tenant and brevet major in the United
States signal corps In 1865 he moved to
Missouri, and became a noted lawyer of
St. Louis.