Full text of "A historical, descriptive and commercial directory of Owyhee County, Idaho, January 1898"

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A HISXORICAIv, DESCRIPTIVE

AND

COMMERCIAL DIRECTORY

Owyhee County, Idaho,

JAISUARY, 1898.

SILVKR CITY, IDAHO:
Press of The Owyhee Avalanche.

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THE NEW YORff
PUBLIC LIBHA^V

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DEDICATION.

lDeC)icatet) to tbose ipioneers vvbo pinne& tbeir faitb to

tbe ultimate prosperity? of ©w^^bee CountY?, an&

ejpeuDeC) tbeir "bottom Dollar" to

acbiere tbat result.

I IDAHO. ^^

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The state of Idaho is a portion of that vast territory lying west of the
Mississippi river whicli was acquired by purchase from France, during the
administration of President Jefferson, in 1803. In the spring of 1804 an expedi-
tion in charge of Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark was organ-
ized under the auspices of the United States government, for the purpose of
exploring the newly-acquired territory. The expedition started in May, 1804,
and wintered on the Missouri river in what is now ISIontana. On September
II, 1805, they crossed the Bitter Root mountains, and nine d.iys later reached
a settlement of the Nez Perce Indians, on Clearwater river. After many days
of severe privations and hardships they succeeded in reaching the mouth of the
Columbia river on November 14, 1805, where they wintered, and left the fol-
lowing spring for St. Louis, which they reached in safety September, 1806. It
i.« an undisputed fact that the first white man who trod the soil of Idaho was
Captain William Clark. The territory being at that time only considered
valuable for furs, several fur companies were organized, the first on the tield
Ijcing the Missouri Fur Company, who built Fort Henry, at the headwaters of
tlie Snake river, but shortly afterwards abandoned it. In October, 181 1, the
Pacific Fur Company sent an expedition in charge of Wilson P. Hunt, who
made their way to the coast, along the Snake river, and after considerable suf-
fering reached Fort Astoria, at the mouth of the Columbia river, February 15,

6 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

l8i2. Several other expeditions followed, the principal one being that in
charge of Captain B. L. E. Bonneville. In 1835, Nathaniel J. Wyeth, of Bos-
ton, crossed the Rocky mountains with sixty men and established Fort Hall,
a well-known landmark to the emigrants of the "forties," it being undoubtedly
the first permanent white settlement in Idaho. In the same year, Fort Boise
was established by the Hudson's Bay Company, who eventually absorbed the
property of the American companies whose ventures had not proved a success
financially.

Following in the footsteps of the trappers were the missionaries, who
established themselves among the Indians in various parts of the territory, the
first Protestant mission in Idaho being located in Lapwai valley. They also
paved the way for the immense immigration to Oregoi: which took place in
the early "forties."

Prior to the organic act constituting the territory of Idaho, aside from the
missions there were only a few French Canadians engaged in farming in the
Coeur d'Alene country. In 1854, a colony of Mormons settled on Salmon river,
in the locality now called Lemhi county. They erected a fort which they named
Fort Lemhi, but were driven out by the Nez Perce Indians in 1858.

But the solitudes of the canyons and mountain fastnesses of Idaho were soon
to be broken by the tread of thousands of adventurers in their mad rush for the
precious metal. The first authenticated discovery of gold in Idaho was on the
banks of the Pend d'Orcille river, by a French Canadian. Then followed the
finding of the richer and more extensive diggings at Oro Fino, in the summer
of i860, by a party of eleven men who wintered there without intercourse
with the outside world. Subsequent discoveries were made at Elk City,
Rhodes creek and Canal gulch, where Pierce City was established in 1861.
During the fall of 1861 discoveries were made at Salmon river which created
considerable excitement, and the town of Florence was established. The
next important discovery was made by a party of twelve men from Walla
Walla, at Boise basin, in August, 1862. On their first entry into the basin, one
of the party, named Grimes, was killed by Indians, and the balance returned to
Walla Walla, where they succeeded in raising a party of fifty-five men, and
jeturned to Boise basin in October, 1862.

The news of this now discovery spread quickly, and by the first of Jan-
uary over 3,000 miners were camped in Boise basin. The following summer
found over 10,000 miners at work at the different diggings. Towns sprang up
like mushrooms, Idaho City, with a population of 6,000, boasting, aside from
its complement of stores, saloons and hotels, two churches, four theaters, three
newspapers and a well-equipped fire department. In close proximity were
the towns of Placerville with a population of 5,000, Centerville with a popula-
tion of 3,000, and Pioneer City with a population of 2,000. Communications
with the outer world were difficult; supplies were hard to obtain and prices
ruled high, but the diggings were rich, wages being ordinarily $18.00 a day,
and the honest miner paid, with good grace, $12.00 for shovels, $10.00 for cats
and $5.00 for chickens.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 7

Other valuable discoveries followed, prominent anionjr which wore those
of Owyhee, Alturas and Wood river. In 1883-4 occurred the Coeur d'Alene
stampede, wlun 5.000 gold lumters crossed the terrible snows of the mountains,
and met with bitter disappointment.

DESCRIPTIVE.

Idaho was originally a part of the vast territory called the "Oregon
country" and the "Louisiana purchase." The territory of Idaho was formed by
act of congress, March 3, 1863, from portions of what was then known as
Washington, Dakota and Nebraska, and embraced the present Idaho, Montana,
and a greater portion of Wyoming. It then contained an area of 326,^73 siiuare
miles lying between the 104th and 117th meridians of longitude, and the 42d and
49th parallels of latitude. By act of congress passed May 25, 1868, creating the
territories of Montana and Wyoming, Idaho was reduced to its present limits.
The name Idaho is of Indian origin, signifying "Gem of the Mountains."
Among the legends of the Shoshones is one of "a shining gem forever resting
on a mountain, and forever inaccessible." How the name was applied to this
state is a matter of great dispute, but the most reasonable solution is that it
was chosen in congress as the appellation of the territory through the
insistence of George B. Walker, of Idaho, and Senator Wilson, of Massachusetts.
The conformation of Idaho is that of a large chair, and it ranks as the twelfth
.\merican commonwealth, its area amounting to 84,800 square miles, being
larger than the New England states combined, and equal to Pennsylvania and
Ohio united.

Its formation is peculiar, consisting of a vast wedge-shaped table land,
rising gradually from a height of 4,000 to 10,000 feet, and, as Professor Hayden
remarks, "Literally crumpled or rolled up, in one continuous series of moun-
tain ranges, fold after fold."

The principal mountain ranges arc the Cocur d'Alene and Bitter Root in
the north, and the Rocky and Wahsatch in the southeast; in the central portion
of the state the Boise, Wood River, Salmon River and Sawtooth, and prominent

in the southwest the Owyhee.

The prominent rivers are the Snake, Clearwater, Spokane and Pend
d'Orcille, all of which empty into the Columbia. The principal river is the
Snake, in its erratic course in places turbulent and swift, and again sluggish
and deceitful. Twenty-five milts below Fort Hall, at an altitude of 4,240 feet,
it takes its first plunge at Anierican falls, then, swiftly coursing through
canyons of several miles in kngtii, reaches the Twin falls, four miles below
which are the Great Shoshone falls, which have been aptly termed the
"Niagara of the West," having a fall of fully 210 feet. Forty miles below this

8 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

the river makes its final plunge at Salmon falls, and then winds its treacherous
and tortuous course onward to the Columbia river, making a descent of 2,110
feet in a distance of 250 miles. The principal lakes are the Coeur d'Alene, Pend
d'Oreille, Bear, Kaniksu and Payette. Of these the only one navigable is the
Coeur d'Alene, a line of steamers plying between Coeur d'Alene City and the
old mission, the lake being thirty miles in length, with a varying width from
two to four miles.

The number of acres of land in the state is approximately 55,000,000,
classified and roughly estimated as follows: Suitable for agricultural purposes
by means of irrigation, 15,000,000 acres; grazing lands, 17,000,000 acres; timber
lands, 10,000,000 acres; mineral lands, 8,000,000 acres; desert lands, 5,000.000
acres.

The climate varies greatly; the plains, while having cold and bracing
winters, make a happy medium between the severe climate of the mountains and
the mildness of the valleys, the summers being, generally throughout the
state, cool and pleasant. United States census reports and statistics of the
United States army prove beyond doubt that Idaho is the most healthy state in
the Union.

The agricultural lands in the northern part of the state are well watered
by natural sources, but farming in Southern Idaho depends more or less
upon irrigation. Large crops of cereals, vegetables, hay and fruits are raised
annually, and the same find ready markets at good prices throughout the
mining camps generally. The grazing of horses, cattle and sheep is also
largely carried on, the stock wintering in the open air on the plains, which
abound in bunch grass and white sage, whose fattening qualities are well known,
during the summer months seeking the nutritious grasses of the mountain
ranges.

By proclamation of President Harrison, Idaho was declared a state, July
3, 1890, the government of which is in the hands of a governor, executive
officers and a biennial legislature. The capitol, erected in 1885-7, is at Boise
City. The state institutions comprise the state university at Moscow, insane
asylum at Blackfoot, state normal schools at Lewiston and Albion, and peni-
tentiary near Boise City. The United States government has experimental
stations in agriculture at Idaho Falls and Grangeville.

The leading religious denominations are Episcopalian. Methodist, Presby-
terian, Baptist and Roman Catholic, all of whom are owners of fine and sub-
stantial church buildings, in all settlements of any magnitude. The Church
of the Latter Day Saints has also a large following in the southeastern part
of the state.

The educational facilities of the state rank with those of any of the
Western states, and are evinced by the many fine school buildings which have
been erected in the large towns. The public schools are supported by public
taxation and endowed with two sections of land in each township. There are
several sectarian schools in the state, prominent among which are Wilbur col-
lege (Methodist), Lewiston; St. Teresa's academy (Catholic), Boise, and St.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 9

Margaret's school (Episcopal), Boise. The interests of popular education are
being continually furthered by the liberal and progressive spirit of the people
jud the legislature of the state.

There are about 4,000 Indians, mainly Shoshones and Nez Perces, attached
to reservations and under tlie jurisdiction of United States troops, of which
an eight-company post is located at Fort Sherman, and a two-company post at
Boise barracks.

Newspapers are numerous, every town or liamlet of any consequence hav-
ing its representative weekly. Tiie first printing press west of the Rocky
mountains and nortli of California was presented to the Lapwai mission by the
Protestant native church of the Sandwich islands, and was used in 1836 for
printing books in the Nez Perce language.

The great seal of the state of Idaho bears a shield with a view of the
Snake river, with the Owyhee mountains on the left and Bannock mountains
on the right, and a rising sun in the background. The crest is a full antlered
elk's head; beneath the shield, a sheaf of grain, with two cornucopias of plenty.
The supporters are Liberty and a miner. The motto is "Esto Perpetua" (May
it last forever).

Bancroft, in his "History of the Pacific States," speaks of Idaho as follows:

"It was the common judgment of the first explorers that there was more
of strange and awful in the scenery and topography of Idaho than of the pleas-
ing and attractive. A more intimate aciiuaintance with the less conspicuous
features of the country revealed many beauties. The climate of the valleys
was found to be far milder than from their elevation could have been expected.
Picturesque lakes were discovered nestled among the mountains, or furnishing in
some instances navigable waters. Fish and game abounded. Fine forests of
pine and fir covered the mountain slopes, except in the lava region; and nature,
even in this phenomenal part of her domain, had not forgotten to prepare the
earth for the occupation of man, nor neglected to give hin: a wondrously warm
and fertile soil to compensate for the labor of subduing the savagery of her
apparently waste places."

OWYHEE COUISTY.

In 1862 the present county of Owyhee was a part of Boise county, which
comprised all of the western portion of Washington territory lying south of what
was then called Idalio county, its area being nearly equal to that of Pennsylvania.
When Idaho was created a territory by act of congress, March 3. 1863, Boise
county became part and parcel of the territory of Idaho, and at the first session
of the territorial legislature, held at Lewiston, Idaho, Owyhee county was

10 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

created, December 31, 1863, out of all territory south of Snake river and west of
the Rocky mountains.

In 1864 Oneida county, and in 1879 Cassia county, were cut ofT of Owyhee
county, reducing it to its present limits. Its northern boundary line is the
Snake river, Cassia county on the east, state of Oregon west, and the state
of Nevada forms its southern boundary. Its area is 8,130 square miles, being
somewhat larger than the state of Massachusetts. Its name, "Owyhee," is
believed to have been borrowed from the Hawaiian language, and to have been
given to the Owyhee river by two. Kanakas in the employ of the Hudson's Bay
Company.

Prior to the spring of 1863, Owyhee county was an unexplored country,
habited only by bands of hostile Indians, while at that time the diggings of
Boise basin and Oro Fino boasted of a population of over 10,000 miners.
A legend of the early immigrants to Oregon of the "Blue Bucket diggings,"
in the vicinity of the Owyhee mountains, wherein they used sinkers of gold for
fishing purposes, led several adventurous spirits to organize a party of chs-
covery at Placerville, in May, 18G3. The party consisted of the following:
Michael Jordan. A. J. Miner. J. C. Boone, P. H. Gordan, L. C. Gehr, G. W.
Chadwick. Cy Iba, William Phipps, Joseph Dorsey, Jerome Francisco. John
Aloore, J. R. Cain. \V. Churchill, H. R. Wade, A. J. Reynolds, James Carroll,
William Duncan, Dr. A. F. Rudd. F. Height, W. L. Wade, John Cannon, M.
Conner, C. Ward, R. W. Prindall, D. P. Barnes, W. T. Carson, J. Johnson,
A. Eddington and O. H. Purdy, in all numbering twenty-nine.

We take the following from the narration of O. H. Purdy, a member
of the party, a well-known citizen of Silver City, who was killed in the
skirmish with the Bannock Indians at South mountain, in June, 1878:

"We crossed Snake river at the mouth of Boise river, traveling in a
southwesterly direction, until we came to, at that time, quite a large stream.
which we named, in honor of the laziest man in the company, 'Reynolds
creek.' We camped here one day. During the day, two of the party. Wade and
Miner, ascended the divide westerly from camp, on a tour of observation, and
discovered still farther south and west what appeared to be a large stream,
judging from the topographical formation of the mountains, which were well
timbered. This was reported to the balance in camp.

"The ne.xt morning (May 18, 1863), our party of twenty-nine, men and about
sixty horses and mules was headed in the direction of the supposed water-
course, which we reached about 4:00 o'clock p. m., at a point we named
'Discovery Bar,' about six miles below where Booneville now is. The locality
presenting a favorable place for camping, it was so agreed. Dr. Rudd, a
verdant emigrant, not waiting to unpack his mule, took his shovel, and, scoop-
ing up some of the loose gravel on the bank of the creek, 'panned it out' and
obtained about a hundred 'colors.' The excitement and amazement which
followed this 'discovery' can better be imagined than described. In ten min-
utes, every man, with pan and shovel (except the lazy man), was busy digging
and panning, and upon their return about an hour after each man had favorable
prospects to exhibit.

THE NEW YOKK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR. LENOX
TILDEN FOUNDATION

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 11

"The prospecting contiiuR-d up tlic creek for ten or twelve days, wlien, at
'Happy Camp,' the laws of the district were made and adopted, the creek and
district named, and claims located — the creek and district taking the names

of two of our company, Micliacl Jordan and W. T. Carson."

It may be interesting to know the future of this party of twenty-nine, but
a great many of them have unlortunately passed into obscurity. Michael
Jordan and ^ames Carroll fell victims to Indians in 1864. W. R. Wade was ihc
first county treasurer-elect, and he and W. T. Carson died at Silver City in
1865. William Duncan died in 1873, in Nevada. J. R. Cain moved to Boise
valley. Height and Iba emigrated to Southeastern Idaho, and Height recently
sold the Hailey hot springs, of which he was the proprietor. Purdy, as stated
before, met his fate by Indians in 1878. The return of the party to Boise
basin with the news of the discovery at once created a "stampede" for Owyhee,
and the mining towns of Booneville and Ruby City were speedily in course
of erection, and gold hunters busily engaged in changing the formation of
Florida and War Eagle mountains. In July, 1863, the first quartz ledge was
discovered and located, in Whiskey gulch, by R. H. Wade & Co. A few
days after, the Oro Fino quartz ledge was discovered and located by A. J.
Sands and Svale Neilson, who a month later also located the "Morning Star."
The first quartz mill, called the "Morning Star," with an equipment of eight
stamps, was erected by MortC'," Fo^us &. Co, In May, 1864, the Oro Fino
Gold & Silver Tunnel Company was incorporated in Carson district, to run a
tunnel through Oro Fino mpifntafn.,^ on which were at that time thirty loca-
tions, one of which was the "War Eagle," which gave its name subsequently to
the mountain. The tunnel company, however, never materialized, though the
project has again been agitated_in the later days.

The great discovery of 1865 was the celebrated Poorman mine. According
to Professor Gilbert Butler, it was discovered by O'Brien, Holt, Zerr, Ebner,
Stevens and Ray, and was first called the "Hays & Ray." Some say it was dis-
covered by D. C. O'Byrne, and others mention Charles S. Peck. It is said that
it was first discovered by Peck, about 1,000 feet from the present discovery shaft,
in which he (Peck) uncovered a rich chimney, but concealed his discovery, and,
finding that it lay within the boundaries of the Hays & Ray claim, endeavored to
purchase the mine from the owners, but was unsuccessful. The chimney, how-
ever, was uncovered by another company of prospectors, and the mine was
then named the "Poorman," on account of the discoverers being without
capital to work it. Peck was subsequently given an interest in the mine by the
owners, but in the meanwhile a fight for possession was imminent, the owners
barricading the entrance of the mine and mounting a couple of pieces of
ordnance, naming the fortifications "Fort Baker." The ore taken from the
Poorman was a silver chloride, richly impregnated with gold, easily worked,
and soft as lead, which it resembled, tinted crimson, which gave it its name of
.uby silver. As it came from the mine it readily sold for $4.00 an ounce, which
was said to be much below its real value.

At a depth of 100 feet a body of native ore was uncovered weighing about
500 pounds, which was one solid mass of ruby silver crystals, specimens of
which were exhibited at the Paris exposition of 1866 and were awarded a gold

12 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

medal. Two thousand tons of second and third-class rock yielded $546,691.59,
and tailings went over $70.00 to the ton, first-class rock ranging from $4,000.00
to $5,000.00 per ton. Other mines of note were discovered in Carson, Mam-
moth and Flint districts, and between 1863 and 1865 250 mining locations were
recorded, the principal ones, aside from those previously mentioned, being
the Golden Chariot, War Eagle, Ida Elmore, Whiskey Gulch, Minnesota, Silver
Bullion, Hidden Treasure, Noonday, Centurion, Golden Eagle, Allison, Blazing
Star, Montana, Home Ticket, Floreta, Silver Legion, Eureka, Calaveras, Cale-
donian, Empire, Dashaway, Red Jacket, Mahogany, Stormy Hill, South
Chariot, Illinois Central, Belle Peck, North Extension Poorman, South Poor-
man, Lucky Poorman, Big Fish, Boycott, Glenbrook, Clearbrook, Idlewild,
North Empire, South Empire, San Juan, Dubuque, Silver Cloud, Louisiana,
Ruby Jackson, Silver City, Ruth, Sinker, By Chance, Potosi, Rattling Jack,
St. James, Northern Light, Crook & Jennings, Brannan, Home Resort,
Savage, Piute, Miami, Lone Tree, Home Stake, Little Fish, Silver Cord,
(}olden Cord, Standard, Philox, Webfoot, Wilson, Idaho, Gentle Emma,
Stoddard, Ohio, Henrietta, Tremont, Crown Point, Redemption, Booneville,
Empire State, Florida Hill, Seventy-Nine, Paymaster, Cumberland, Black Jack,
Leviathan, Sierra^ Nevada, Yreka, Owyhee Treasury, Avenue, Rose, Hudson,
Phoenix, and Carson Chief, all in Carson district, besides the Webfoot and
Garfield in Wagontown district, and Rising Star, Astor and Twilight in Flint
district.

The Owyhee mines, up to 1881, were worked to a depth which varied from
150 to 1,500 feet. The Owyhee Treasury, at a depth of one hundred feet down,
yielded ore worth seventy-five cents per pound. A "stringer" in the mine,
worked in a common mortar, yielded $46.00 to a pound of ore.

The mining camps for several years flourished and enjoyed a continuous
run of unparalleled prosperity until the year of 1875, when the suspension of the
Bank of California and other causes for a while paralyzed the mining industries
of the county, and resulted in the withdrawal from the field of a number of large
companies who had been in active operation here.

While it was considered somewhat hazardous in the early history of this
county to follow the pursuit of what might be termed "experimental farming"
in a country which was generally regarded as the home of the miner, and a
locality where the sage brush blossomed as the rose, nevertheless a few hardy
pioneers of agricultural proclivities, like their worthy congeners, the honest
miners, prospected the soil with good results; others followed in their foot-
steps, and today, where formerly the hardy sage brush flourished and the wary
coyote trod, we find thousands of acres covered with thrifty farms and
orchards, yielding annually almost fabulous quantities of cereals and esculents.
The valleys of the Bruneau, Reynolds creek. Castle creek, Catherine creek
and Sinker creek are unsurpassed for fertility and productiveness of soil, and
the mountain slopes in season are luxuriant with the most nutritious grasses,
affording the best of ranges for stock raising. With irrigation scientifically
applied, Owyhee farmers have succeeded in transforming what was termed
in immigration days the "God-forsaken country" to an earthly paradise. Wheat
is always a sure crop, and great success has been met with with barley and

OIVYITEE COUNTY, /DAffO. 13

oats. Hay of all descriptions, mostly alfalfa, is produced in large quantities;
and potatoes, cabbages and all the smaller garden vegetables grown in great
profusion. Fruits, vines and shrubs, wherever planted, have turned out thrifty
and produced largely.

To the weary traveler crossing the dreary, monotonous and arid plains of
Owyhee, the emerald and picturesque ranches, sequestered in the deep canyons
of the creeks, are a source of joy and beauty.

It was early discovered that cattle that were fed on the nutritious
bunch grass and white sage that abounded on the plains and mountain slopes
of Owyhee county attained a perfection of bone, muscle and flesh not equaled
by any other locality, and this led to a rapid settling of the ranges of Bruneau,
Reynolds, Castle, Catherine, Sinker, Cow and Sucker creeks, which were
speedily covered with immense herds of hardy cattle.

In 1882 the number of cattle assessed in the county was 24,559, which
was believed to be 6,000 short of the actual figure. In 1885 it was estimated that
there were over 60,000 head of cattle within the confines of Owyhee county.
In 1888-9 the cattle interests in the county reached their maximum, and, as we
are reliably informed, there was at that date over 100,000 head of cattle in the
county. At that date the principal cattle owners were: Murphy & Horn,
12,000 head; Scott & Co., 18,000 head; Grayson & Co., 16,000 head; Hardiman
Bros., 5,000 head; Sommercamp, 5,000 head; Jack Sands, 3.500 head; Con Shea,
5,000 head; Sparks & Harrcll, 5.000 head; Bruce Bros.. 2,500 head; total, 72.000
head. Add to this several stock raisers with herds numbering 500 to i.ooo, a
very low estimate would be 18,000 head, making a grand total of 100,000 head.
These wore tlic llusli cattle times of Owyhee, when the cattle kings viewed witli
swelling pride their increasing herds and pocketbooks; but a couple of severe
winters, the inability to find sufficient suitable food for such large herds, and
several other causes, created a great loss of cattle, and the cattle trade gradually
shrank to its present condition, there not being, it is believed, at present date,
over 15,000 head of cattle w^ithin the county.

But the loss of one industry has been the gain of another, viz., the sheep
industry, which from small beginnings has graduallj' risen to its present pro-
portions, and it is generally estimated that at this date there are over 150.000
head of sheep in Owyhee count}'.

The first settlement in the county was made at Booneville, now Dewey,
which took its name after Boone, one of the discovery party of twenty-nine.
A little later the town of Ruby City sprang into existence, and by the summer of
1864 boasted of a population of 800 to 900, and was made the county scat upon
the organization of the county on December 31, 1863. Its location being an
unfavorable one, a rival town sprang up, which was named Silver City, which
not only gradually absorbed Ruby City, but became the county seat in 1866.
Fairview, located on the apex of War Eagle mountain, was also a thriving
little burg, and would have been made the county seat were it not for its
inaccessibility. It was destroyed by fire October 16, 1875, loss being about
$100,000.00, and never recuperated from the disaster.

14 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

De Lamar, another flourishing town, with a population nearly equal to
that of Silver City, was first settled in 1888, and has since shown considerable
improvement.

Guflfey, the baby town of the county, and the terminal point of the B.
N. & O. railroad, is rapidly increasing in population, making extensive
improvements, and giving great promise for the future.

The United States census of 1890 gave the population of Owyhee county
as 2,021. At the last presidential election, in the fall of 1896, there were 1,240
votes cast, and the estimated population of the county at present date is about
5,000.

The total value of taxable property in Owyhee county, as per assessment
roll of July, 1896, amounted to $795,549.00, which embraced 10,769 head of cattle,
122,777 sheep, 8,299 horses, 170 jacks and mules, and 188 hogs.

The total value of taxable property in Owyhee county, as per assessment
roll of July, 1897, amounted to $894,7.86.00, which embraced 11,636 head of cattle,
118,705 sheep, 8,687 horses, 238 jacks and mules, and 231 hogs.

In 1869 the assessed valuation of property was $1,438,249.00.

TERRITORIAL AND STATE GOVERNMENT.

William H. Wallace, of Lewiston, was appointed by President Lincoln
governor of Idaho territory, July 10, 1863, but, being elected delegate to con-
gress October 31, 1863, the secretary, W. B. Daniels, of Oregon, acted as gov-
ernor until August 9, 1864. The balance of the first territorial officers were as
follows: B. F. Lambkin, of Idaho, auditor; D. S. Payne, of Oregon, United
States marshal; Charles Hutchins, of Washington, Indian agent; Copeland
Townsend, of Colorado, Indian agent; A. L. Downer, of Wisconsin, clerk of
supreme court; D. S. Kenyon, treasurer; J. R. Chittenden, superintendent of
public instruction; Sidney Edgerton, of Ohio, chief justice of supreme court;
Samuel C. Park, of Illinois, associate justice of supreme court; Alexander C.
Smith, of Washington, associate justice of supreme court.

The first session of the territorial legislature convened at Lewiston, Decem-
ber 7, 1863, and adjourned February 4, 1864. The following were members:
Council, Joseph Miller, E. B. Waterbury, Standford Capps, Lyman Stan-
ford, Ephraim Smith, William C. Rheem. A. J. Edwards. House, Joseph
Tufts, C. P. Bodfish. M. C. Brown, R. P. Campbell, Milton Kelly, W. R.
Kcithly, L. C. Miller, Alonzo Leland, John Wood, L. Bacon and James A. Orr.

The second session of the territorial legislature convened at Lewiston,
November 14, 1864. The following represented Owyhee county: Council, John
Cummins. House, E. C. Sterling, Solomon Hasbrouck.

Trade Dollar niiw Exhibit at Bolsv Intvrmountaln talr. IS97.

Bruneau Canyon.

THE l^EW YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LENOX
TILDEN FOUNDATION

OIVYIIKE COUNTY, IDAlfO. 15

The third session of the territorial legislature convened December 4, 1865,
at Boise City, which had been niado tlic capital of the territory by tlic sccon<l
session of tlie legislature. The ftjllowing represented Owyhee county: Council.
E. Bohannan. House, D. P. Barnes, J. W. Carter, E. J. Worley.

1866 — Council, R. T. Miller. Ilnuse, A. Enylis, D. G. Monroe.

1868 — Council, F. E. Ensign. House, Pat Campbell, Seth Catlin, P. S.
Quinn.

1870 — Council, Gilmore Hays, D. G. Monroe. House, W. P. Upshur, J.
R. Crawford, J. B. Pierce, Pat Campbell, W. H. Van Slyke.

1872 — Council, Gilmore Hays, L. P. Higbee. House, A. L. Simondi,
Peter Adams, J. M. Short.

1874— Council, H. Martin, D. Angell. House, L. Pool, F. M. Hunt, I.
Gulp, E. H. Moore.

1876 — Council, F. C. Porter, Richard Trcgaskis. House, E. H. Moore,
G. W. Gilmore, P. A. Tutt, R. L. Wood, John Ward.

1878— Council, B. J. Nordyke/i'/'A.''Rijgan. House, G. W. Newsom, P.
Weatherman, W. Cooper, George Chapm, William N. Nichols.

1880 — Council, Charles Co^b (joint with Cassia county). House, J. W.
Cummings. f ,'_*''. '.".I .'.'.'. '.'

1882 — Council, P. A. Regan (joint with Cassia county). House, J. M.
Harbour.

1884 — Council, R. L. Wood (joint with Cassia county). House, David
Adams.

1886 — Council, James I. Crutcher (joint with Washington county). House,
John S. Lewis.

1888 — Council, E. S. Jewell (joint with Washington county). House,
George O. Sampson.

In accordance with a proclamation of Governor E. A. Stevenson, a con-
stitutional convention w-as held at Boise City, July 4, 1889, and Owyhee county
was represented by Charles M. Hays, James I. Crutcher. Samuel J. Pritchard.

The state of Idaho was admitted into the ITnion July 3, i8(X). The first
session of the state legislature was convened at Boise City, December 8. i8go.
The following represented Owyhee county: Senator, J. R. De Lamar (^joint
with Cassia county). Representative. Joseph Hawkins.

Second session, 1892 — Senator, J. E. Miller (joint with Cassia county).
Representative, J. F. AUington.

Third session. 1894 — Senator, E. II. Dewey (joint with Cassia county).
Representative, John J. Bennett.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Fourth session, 1896— Senator, John J. Bennett. Representatives, J. C.
Hadley, W. H. Beary.

COVNTy GOVERISMENT.

Owyhee county was organized December 31, 1863, out of all territory south
of Snake river and west of the Rocky mountains. In 1864 Oneida county, and
in 1879 Cassia county, were cut ofif of Owyhee county. The first county officers

OWYHEE COUNTY OFFICIALS.

Dep. Clerk St. Clair. Clerk Hallard. Comm'r Shea. Comm'r Nichols.

Treasurer Conuors. Coroner Weston. Assessor Brunzell. Pro. Judge Handy.

Comm'r Olsen. Sheriff Crocheron.

received their appointments from the governor of the territory. The following
is a complete list of the officials of Owyhee county from its earliest organization
to present date:

OW'YIfEE COUNTY, IDAHO. Yl

1865 — Commissioners. I). 11. Fogus, George Carter; shcriflF, Lyman Stan-
ford; auditor and recorder, Gilmorc Hays; treasurer, Dr. T. D. Beckett; assessor,
Ezra Mills.

1867-8 — Commissioners, George Carter, Setli Catlin, Thomas J. Butler;
clerk, A. K. Woodson; auditor and rccnrdir. L. W. Greenwcll; sheriff, A. C.
Springer; treasurer, .\. TI. Wehb; assessor, Sterling Hill; tax collector, J. A.
Lytle; superintendent of schools, O. H. Purdy; coroner, L. F. Alpey; sur-
veyor, Frank R. Browker.

i86()-7o — Commissioners, R. S. Miles, L. J. Swart. S. O. Hughes; sheriff.
W. S. Stevens: auiiitor and recorder. Dr. T. D. Beckett; clerk, P. C. Learned;
treasurer, A. II Welib; assessor, P. J. Ragan; probate judge, L. P. Hughes;
coroner, D. McCleery.

1871-2 — Commissioners, R. S. Miles, James Graham: sheriff, W. S.
Stevens; auditor and recorder. Dr. T. D. Beckett; clerk, W. J. Hill; treasurer,
James H. Gardner; assessor. P. J. Raj;an.

187,1-4 — Commissioners, Thomas Walls, C. F. Miller, Dave Dorsey; sheriff.
W. J. Ilill; treasurer, James H. Gardner; assessor, Robert Frazer; superin-
tendent of schools, William Stacey; coroner, J. Murray; surveyor, George

Bouldwin; probate judge. F. A. Tutt.

1875-6 — Commissioners. Joseph 11. I'rown, Arthur O'Keefe, John Catalow.
sheriff. C. M. Hays; auditor and recorder, James Lyman; treasurer, *Dr. T. D.
Beckett. Henry Hyman. (). H. Purdy; assessor, R. S. Miles.

1877-8 — Commissioners, Fred Brunzell. A. J. Sands, C. R. Hanks; sheriff,
C. M. Hays; auditor and recorder. James Lyman; probate judge, George
Drew: treasurer, Anthony Brooks; assessor, R. S. Miles; coroner, Peter Nich-
olson.

1879-80 — Commissioners, Arthur O'Keefe, W. W. Dryden, P. McMahon;
sheriff, Thomas Jones; auditor and recorder, James Lyman; probate judge,
W. H. Angell; treasurer, P. A. Tutt; assessor, W. S. Harley; surveyor, Gilbert
Butler.

1881-2 — Commissioners. W. S. Stevens, Thomas Walls, W. H. Townsend;
sheriff, John D. Springer; auditor and recorder, James Lyman; probate judge,
J. H. Wickersham; treasurer, K. H. Moore; assessor, W. S. Harley; coroner,
R. Reynolds; surveyor, F. W^ Hulett.

188.^4— Conmiissioners. M. Hyde, John Scales, J. H. Mitchell; sheriff,
John D. Springer; auditor and recorder, James Lyman; probate judge, J. H.

♦Both Beckett and Hyman died in office and Purdy was appointed to fill va-
cancy.

18 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Wickersham ; treasurer, E. H. Moore; assessor, W. S. Harley; coroner, Dr. D.
H. Belknap; surveyor, F. W. Hulett.

1885-6 — Commissioners, John Scales, Tim Shea, William Hamilton; sheriff,
Guy Newcomb; auditor and recorder, James Lyman; probate judge, J. H.
Wickersham; treasurer, W. F. Sommercamp, Jr.; assessor, W. S. Harley;
coroner, Dr. D. H. Belknap; surveyor, F. W. Hulett.

1887-8 — Commissioners, Ruel Murphy, C. E. Share, J. H. Black; sheriff,
B. F. Hastings; auditor and recorder, James Lyman; probate judge, J. H.
Wickersham; treasurer, W. F. Sommercamp, Jr.; assessor, S. J. Pritchard;
surveyor, F. W. Hulett.

1889-90 — Commissioners, A. Brooks, J. W. Rrunzell, Sr., J. H. Black;
sheriff, B. F. Hastings; auditor and recorder, James Lyman; probate judge,
J. B. Coakley; treasurer, W. F. Sommercamp, Jr.; assessor, S. J. Pritchard;
coroner, L. T. Mitchell; surveyor, F. W. Hulett.

1891-92 — Commissioners, W. H. Townsend. ^William Houtz, Al Sotheren.
W. S. Harley; sheriff, John McCabe; clerk district court, R. H. Leonard, Jr.;
probate judge, E. Lewis; treasurer, S. T. N. Smith; assessor, A. B. Crocheron;
coroner. Dr. C. Richtcr; surveyor, F. W. Hulett.

1893-4 — Commissioners, Isaac Phillips, C. D. Bacheler, Fred Morrison;
sheriff, E. L. Ballard; clerk district court, R. W. Leonard, Jr.; probate judge, E.
Lewis; treasurer, S. T. N. Smith; assessor, O. F. Brunzell; coroner, Dr. J.
N. Weston; surveyor, F. W. Hulett.

1895-6 — Commissioners, W. N. Nichols, John Scales, E. W. Tindall; sheriff,
John Joyce; clerk district court, E. L. Ballard; probate judge, E. Lewis; treas-
urer, S. T. N. Smith; assessor, A. B. Crocheron; coroner. Dr. J. N. Weston;
surveyor, F. W. Hulett.

1897-8 — Commissioners, W. N. Nichols, Tim Shea, Chris Olsen; .sheriff,
A. B. Crocheron; clerk district court, E. L. Ballard; probate judge, George H.
Handy; treasurer, John C. Connors; assessor, O. F. Brunzell; coroner. Dr. J.
N. Weston; surveyor, F. W. Hulett.

*Houtz resigned and Sotheren appointed to fill vacancy.

OWYHEE COUS'TY, IDAHO.

Mr. Ernest L. Ballard, clerk of the district court, and ex ofTicio auditor
and recorder, was born in Virginia, February I, 1862. In 1881 he went to
Leadville, Colorado, where he enj:;aRed in mining for about a year, and from
there went to (ieorgetown. in the same state, where lie was engaged in rail-
roading and mining until June, 1886, when he left for Owyhee county. He
mined at Flint for about three years, and then made a tour of about eighteen
months throughout the prominent mining localities of the slope, returning to
Silver City, where he has since resided. In 1893-4 he was elected sheriff of the
county, and in the fall of '94 was elected district clerk for a term of four years.
He was married April 30, 1893. to Miss Nellie L. Stevens, of Flint, daughter
of W. S. Stevens, an old and respected pioneer of the county.

District Clerk E. L. Ballard.

Sheriff 4. B. Crocheron.

Mr. Asbury B. Crocheron, sheriff of Owyhee county, was born at Long
Tom, Lane county, Oregon. October 25, i860. From there he moved with his
parents to Idaho City, and in the spring of 1867 came to Silver City. He was
educated in tiie ]nil)lic schools of Silver City, with the advantage of one year
in Portland. Until the last few years he has been engaged quite extensively
in the stock business, and was recognized as one of the most daring riders and
best "ropers" in this section. Mr. Crocheron was elected assessor and tax
collector for the 1890-2 term, and was re-elected for the same office, without
opposition, for the 1894-6 term. He was then elected sherifT of the county in
1896, which ofifice he fills in an able manner. He was married October 14, 1897,
to Mrs. Millie Walston, of Reynolds. He is a member of the I. O. O. F.
fraternity.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY 01

Mr. Oscar F. Brunzell, assessor and tax collector of Owyhee county, was
born January 5, 1864, in Sweden. He came to the United States and to this
county in July, 1871, with his parents, where he has since resided. He worked
for several years on the range for diflferent stockmen of the county, and accu-
mulated considerable stock on his own account, but during the severe winter
of 1888 he suffered heavy losses in cattle. Mr. Brunzell served the county as
assessor and tax collector for the 1893-4 term in a creditable manner. In 1895,
in partnership with R. H. Leonard, Jr., he purchased and conducted the
Owyhee livery stable in Silver City, they selling the same to Brown & Sampson
in October of that year. At the general election of 1896 he was again elected
assessor and tax collector, which office he now occupies. He was married

Assessor O. F. Brunzell.

Treasurer J. C. Connors.

October 30, 1895, to Miss Laura E. Winchester, of Silver City. Mr. Brunzell is a
P. G. of Owyhee Lodge No. 2, L O. O. F.

Mr. John C. Connors, treasurer of Owyhee county, was born in Placer
county, California, February 10, 1859, and came to Ruby City, Idaho, with his
parents September 9, 1868. He engaged in stock raising. In 1888, in partner-
ship with Timothy Shea, he opened a meat market in Silver City, and with the
exception of a few months, has been connected with the same ever since. For
the past six years the firm has been known as the Owyhee Meat Company, with
shops at both Silver City and De Lamar. Mr. George W. Bruce, of De Lamar,
is the other member of the firm. Mr. Connors filled the unexpired term of
Timothy Shea as county commissioner in 1886, and was elected county treasurer

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

at the general' election in November, 1896. He is a prominent member of the
Masonic and I. O. O. F. fraternities. He was married in May, 1891, to Miss
Alice McMaliun. Mr. Connors ijarticipated in tlie Sontii Mountain Indian

fi^^dit. in iS-tj.

Mr. George H. Handy, i)r<)l)ate judge, was Ixirn I'cbruary 20, 1871, at
Grand Island, Nebraska. In 1X75 his parents moved to Wyoming, and from
there to Colorado in 1877. He was educated in the public schools of Fort Col-
lins, Colorado, graduating in 1888, and was in the senior class of the Colorado
Agricultural college, when he left school to take charge of an insurance agency,
whicli he followed for about three years. He also, at various times, held

Probate Judge Geo. H. Handy.

Coroner J. .V. heston.

deputyships under different Larimer county officials. Came to Nampa, Idaho,
in May, 189J, and that fall accepted the position of cashier of the De Lamar
Mercantile & Banking Company, of De Lamar, which he resigned the follow-
ing June to accept an appointment as deputy district clerk of Owyhee county,
serving in that capacity for two years under R. H. Leonard, Jr., and two years
under E. L. Ballard, wlicn he resigned to qualify for the office of probate
judge and ex officio county school superintendent, to which he had been
elected in November, 1896. He was married on February 24, 1897, to Miss
Sarah Brooks, of Silver City.

John N. Weston, M. D., coroner of Owyhee county, was born at New
York city in i860. Received his early education in the public schools of that

22 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

city, and then attended Phillips Exeter academy and Harvard college. Studied
medicine and graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and
Bellcvue hospital, in New York. Came to Silver City in 1889, and has since
held the offices of coroner and county physician. He is also surgeon to the
Miners' Union hospital. He was married February 26, 1890, to Miss Minnie
Crete, of Silver City. Dr. Weston is a member of the Masonic fraternity, now
filling the station of W. M. in Silver City Lodge No. 13, A. F. & A. M.; and
M. E. K. in Cyrus Chapter No. 2, R. A. M.

William N. Nichols, chairman of the board of commissioners of Owyhee
county, was born in Shelby, Ohio, May 9, 1853, and came to Silver City on
June 18, 1873. He followed bookkeeping and mining for a number of years,
and was at South Mountain during the boom times of that camp. He after-
wards opened an assay office in Silver City, and acquired a wide reputation
for the accuracy and reliability of his work. Was agent of the C, O. & I.
Stage Company at Silver City for a number of years, and has held numerous
positions of trust and responsibility during his residence in the county. He
was elected county commissioner of the First district in 1894, and was
re-elected to the same office in 1896. In November, 1897, he sold his interest
in the Alpine group of mines to the Trade Dollar Mining Company, realizing
a round sum of money. He still retains large mining interests in this section.
He was married July i, 1880, to Miss Oro B. Justice, of Silver City. Mr. Nich-
ols represented Owyhee county in the territorial legislature for the year 1878.

Mr. Chris Olsen was born on the plains near Laramie, August 22, 1853, and
his parents settled in Utah. In 1869 he engaged in the cattle business at Prom-
ontory, Utah, and subsequently at Pioche, Nevada. Shortly afterwards he
entered the employ of Dan Murphy, the cattle king, and in 1878 settled down
on the T ranch at Bruneau valley as manager. In 1895 he formed a partner-
ship with Captain Lewis, and they opened the well-known resort of Lewis &
Olsen at Hot Spring, Bruneau valley. In November, 1896, he was elected
county commissioner, which position he now holds.

INDIAN OUTBREAKS.

The present generation of Owyhee county is not likely to ever behold an
Indian rising within the confines of their county, from the fact that the red
devils whose war whoops echoed in the defiles of Owyhee, thirty years ago, have
been mostly converted into "good Indians," and the pitiful remainder are
closely watched and guarded at the United States reservations. Furthermore,
the railroads, facilitating quick transportation for troops to the field of disturb-
ance, and the populated condition of the state, renders it difficult for our red
brother to remain long on the warpath.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 23

In the early history of Owyhee county, Indian outrages were frequent, but
isolated, and not concerted, as in the later risings.

The first concerted Indian rising in Idaho took place in 186.3, in what is
now called Oneida ci unity. A large band of renegade Indians, whose leaders
were named Bear llunicr, l.ehi and Sagwitch, had for several months terrorized
the settlements and depredated upon the immigrants on their way to Oregon
and California, running ofT stock, and occasionally killing a settler or an
immigrant. Tliis state of afTairs existed until the winter of 1863, when General
P. E. Connor, with a detaclmunt of California volunteers, consisting of about
fifty men, came upon a band of Indians numbering 175, of which 100 were
warriors, who were encamped on Battle creek, a small stream emptying into
the Bear river, and, after a short but desperate engagement, in which fourteen
of the United States troops were killed and eight wounded, succeeded in entirely
routing and :inniliilating the Indians, whose total loss was 165.

In July, 1863, several Indians appeared on Ore Fino (War Eagle) mountain,
and committed depredations on several ranches located on the slope of that
mountain; and it was also rumored that they were accountable for the disap-
pearance of a couple of miners who had been engaged in prospecting on the
mountain. A band of volunteers numbering about twenty was organized at
Silver City, and started in pursuit of the Indians; and, after a detour of about
200 miles, overtook them at the mouth of Bruncau river, and in the engagement
that ensued sent twenty bucks to the "happy hunting grounds," which for some
time tliereafter put a (luietus on "Indian affairs" in that locality.

In the following July, an engagement took place between Indians and vol-
unteers, about eighty miles south of Silver City, on the Owyhee river. They
were in a canyon, the walls of which averaged 200 or 300 feet in height. The
tight commenced about 2:00 p. m., and lasted until midnight, resulting in thirty-
six Indians being killed and an unknown number wounded. Two of the wdiites
were killed, Michael Jordan and James Carroll, who were members of the
"original twenty-nine party" who discovered the Owyhee mines.

No serious outbreak occurred for several years afterward, though occa-
sionally some unfortunate immigrant, teamster or stage driver would meet
his fate at the hands of the red devils.

Early in the suniuur of 1877, trouble arose among the Nez Perce Indians
regarding the occupancy of a portion of their lands by white settlers. An
Indian was killed by some settlers, and the Indians insisted upon the removal of
tile settlers and the restitution of their lands. This the government refused
to do, and endeavored to compel the Indians to return to their reservations, but
without success, and a serious outbreak occurred, under the leadership of
Chief Joseph. Several pitched battles ensued, and the Indians were eventually
driven out of Idaho by General Howard, into Yellowstone park, where General
Terry took up the pursuit, and, on the morning of September 30, 1877, Chief
Joseph and his band of Nez Perces, consisting of eighty-seven warriors, one hun-
dred and eighty-four squaws, and one hundred and forty-seven children, sur-
rendered to General Nelson A. Miles, at Snake Creek valley, Montana. The

24 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OP

Indians were sent to Dakota and elsewhere, and in 1885 were returned to Idaho,
and are now peaceably located at the Colville agency.

During the above campaign, considerable assistance was given our troops
by a band of Bannock scouts, under the leadership of Bufifalo Horn, who, on his
return to Camas prairie, where the Bannocks were located, incited them to hos-
tility against the whites and also induced the Piutes in Nevada and the Umatillas
in Oregon to join in a general uprising.

On May 31, 1878, the news reached Boise City that the Bannocks had become
openly hostile, and that they had opened fire and severely wounded several
cattle men on Camas prairie. Colonel R. F. Bernard, in command of troop
G, First cavalry, immediately left with his command for the seat of war.

Buffalo Horn with a band of eighty warriors crossed the Snake river at
Glenn's Ferry, and proceeded toward Silver City, killing several white men on
their way, with Colonel Bernard and his party in pursuit.

The Indians crossed the Bruneau valley through John Turner's ranch, who
fortunately was absent with his family, while the balance of the ranchers, with
their wives and children, were secreted in a cave on Uncle Abe Robertson's
ranch, defended .by a band of volunteers, organized for the occasion.

The Indians, however, passed quickly through the valley without molesting
any one, but in the suburbs massacred Fletcher Hawes, brother of B. F. Hawes,
of Bruneau, and committed several other depredations, creating consternation
throughout the settlements on Catherine, Castle and Sinker creeks, the inhab-
itants of which crowded into Silver City for protection.

A meeting of the citizens of Silver City was held at Champion hull on June
4, 1878, and a band of volunteers was at once organized for the immediate
protection of the settlements. The original members of this volunteer company
were Captain J. B. Harper, O. H. Purdy, Chris. Steuder, Tom Jones, Guy
Newcomb, Frank Martin, Ole Anderson, John Davidson, Ben White, William
Nichols, Peter Donnelly, Mark Leonard, John Posey, W. Cooper, George Gra-
ham, J. M. Brunzell, Sr.; John Anderson, Nick Maker, William Manning, W.
W. Hastings, Al. Myers, M. M. Rogers, Joe Rupert, J. J. Outhouse, J. M.
Dillenger, Alex. Wellman, Frank Armstrong, and Piute Joe and his brother.
They were subsequently joined by W. H. Angell, Billy Williams, A. J. Palmer,
George W. Palmer, Con. Shea, Tim. Shea, Dave. Shea, John Catalow, Dennis
Driscoll, R. Z. Johnson, Charles Miller, C. Sprowls, L. Mclntyre, J. Laurie,
Joe Oldham, L. Ricliardson, Joe Brown, Ezra Mills, J. W. Posey, Tim Regan,
Jack McKenzie, John Conners, Mike Rohan, Bronko Bill, J. Gusman, Jake
Deary, Ben. Davis, Jack Stoddard, Charles M. Hays and several others.

The Silver City volunteers left Silver City for the front on Friday, June 7,
1878, and that evening camped at O'Keefe's ranch, seven miles from South
mountain. Early on Saturday morning they broke camp, and about noon dis-
covered the Indians ambushed at South Mountain creek, who attacked the
party. In the engagement that ensued, O. H. Purdy was unhorsed, but stood
his ground and fell, bravely fighting, with his face to the foe. Chris Steuder was
also unhorsed, and received a mortal wound. The balance of the party, finding

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 25

tlicnisclves surprised and ovcrwlicliiicd, rctrc-atcd to O'Kccfc's ranch, and tlit
following day recovered the bodies of Purdy and Steuder, and found tliat the
Indians had tied U-> Oregon. In tliis engagement the Indians lost their leader,
r.iiffalo Horn, wlio, it is l)ili(.vc(l, met his fate at the hands of the gallant I'urdy.

Near the sheep ranch, two miles below the Owyhee river, the stage from
Winnemucca was attacked by the Indians, who were on their way to Oregon to
form a junction with the Umatillas. There was only one i)asscnger, named M.
\\. Hamilton, on the stage, anil he escaped on one of the leaders, but the stage
driver, George McCutchan, was tortured, killed and mutilated, and the stage
cut to pieces and burned.

Upon reaching Oregon the Bannocks failed to induce the Umatillas to join
with tliem, and, meeting with Bernard's party at Malheur river, and being badly
defeated, they made a disorderly retreat, scattering in small, demoralized bands
over the country, on tluir way I)ail< to tlieir reservations, phnuiering and mas-
sacring defenseless whites at every opi)ortunity, and it is said that f)ver lOO per-
sons were killed by the savages during this time.

On July .31, 1878, the stage for Silver City, when at a point about two miles
this side of Snake river, was attacked by a small band of Indians, and the driver,
William S. Hemingway, was mortally wounded, but turned the stage and drove
back to the ferry, there being no passengers on the stage. Hemingway, who
was a son-in-law of "Father Dryden." of Reynolds creek, died of his wound
the same day.

Gradually the Indians reached their respective reservations, where they were
welcomed by "Uncle Sam," forgiven, and gently nurtured back to robust health
on government beef and llour.

FIRST AND OISLY LEGAL HANGING IN OWYHEE COUNTY.

The morning of Friday, October 15, iSSi. the day appointed for the execu-
tion of Henry McDonald, dawned dark and disagreeable, a heavy snow storm
prevailing, as if nature was angry that man, created in the image of God, should
fall so low as to make capital punishment a necessity. All preparations for
the execution had been completed by SheriiT Springer, and at one o'clock p. m
the prisoner was taken from his cell, and in company with the sheriff and dep-
uty, walked down to Jordan street, where a wagon was in waiting to carry him
to the gallows and the grave. He showed no signs of emotion; walked very
erect, and got in the wagon, in company with the sheriff, deputy and Father
Nattini, and was driven to the place of execution, at the old Ruby City cem-
etery, which has been unused for many years. About 300 people gathered
about the scafYold, many having come in from the adjacent valleys. At seven-
teen minutes past i :oo o'clock the prisoner firmly ascended the scaffold, and

26 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

until 1:45 remained in consultation with Father Nattini, at which time Sheriff
Springer read the death warrant. McDonald shook hands with those who had
guarded him while in jail here and the priest, bidding them goodby, but had
nothing else to say. James T. Griffin pinioned his hands and feet, and Father
Nattini adjusted the black cap. At six minutes before 2 o'clock the sheriff
sprung the trap, and thus without a sign of emotion or word of complaint the
bloodstained soul of Henry McDonald was ushered into eternity. In fourteen
minutes life was pronounced extinct by Dr. Belknap, and the remains were
buried within a few yards of the scafTold.

The evidence in this case is well known and the law has been vindicated.
Not only should the youths of this place remember, but those men who are
ready to draw the deadly knife and revolver, that "He who sheds man's blood,
by man shall his blood be shed." This is the first execution by law in this
county; may we hope tliat another will never be required. — Avalanche.

THE MARIOIS MORE TRAGEDY.

As there are several versions afloat of this lamentable afifair, by special
request we present to our readers such facts as we have been able to glean from
the sources at our command, which will probably be new to the rising genera-
tion and will refresh the memories of the old timers.

During the winter of 1867-8 a dispute arose between the celebrated "Ida
Elmore" and "Golden Chariot" Mining Companies as to the respective bounda-
ries of their mining lines which at first it was thought would be settled by com-
promise or litigation.

To the urprise of all, however, force was resorted to, and each party
secured the services of well-known fighters, heavily armed, to protect their
interests.

March, 1868, found both parties strongly fortified and closely watching each
other, and on the morning of March 25 hostilities were commenced by the
Golden Chariot party storming the works of their opponents.

Desperate fighting ensued and during the charge John C. Holgate, an
owner in the Golden Chariot, was shot in the head and died instantaneously.

Shooting was kept up at intervals during the night, and the next morning
Meyer Frank, one of the Ida Elmore contingent, was fatally wounded and died
a few hours subsequent. At noon another Ida Elmore man named James
Howard was seriously wounded and several others on both sides received slight
wounds.

On the twenty-eighth Governor Ballard issued a proclamation commanding
both parties to disperse peaceably and submit to the proper authorities, and a
squad of United States cavalry was sent from Fort Boise to the seat of war.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 27

On the morning of tlie twenty-ninth, however, the principal parties on both
sides effected a compromise and hostilities ceased and the armed men were
withdrawn.

On the evening of April i, 1X68, Sam Lockhart was seated in front of the

stage oflicc at the Idalio lidtri, wiuii Marion More, accompanied by one Jack
I-'isher and two or tliree otlicrs, came up, and an altercation ensued between
Lockhart and the More party, and shooting commenced on both sides.

Several shots were exchanged and Lockhart was wounded in the left arm.
Fisher receiving an ugly wound in the left tliigh. More was shot in the center
of the left breast and ran about fifty yards, falling in front of the then called
Oriental restaurant, into whicli he was taken and promptly attended to, but he
was pronounced in a dying condition, and death ended his sufferings the folhjw-
ing afternoon.

More was well known in Idaho as a member of the firm of More & Fogus,
and his death was universally regretted.

His remains were cun\eyed I)}' the Masonic fraternity, of which he was a
member, to Idaho City, where they were interred.

Subsequent to the affray several arrests were made, but proceedings were
afterwards quashed and peace and quietness again reigned in the town of Silver
City.

Lockhart's arm was amputated, but blood poisoning ensued, and he died

on the thirteenth of July following.

THE BA LOW I IS AFFAIR.

The failure of the Bank of California in August, 1875, led to the closing of
several of the prominent mines on War Eagle mountain for lack of funds,
causing considerable distress and destitution among the miners and their fami-
lies, a good many of the miners being forced to quit work upon seeing no
prospect of securing their pay.

For a while the "Golden Chariot," which since November 15, 1875, had
been under the supcrintendcncy of M. A. Baldwin, met its engagements in due
season, but eventually allowed two iiioiitlis to elapse without a pay day. though
making many promises which did not materialize. Certain actions on the part
of the officers, such as removing the valuable property of the company and the
peremptory closing of ihe mine, were looked upon as rather suspicious by the
miners, who were smarting under their grievances and roused to action by the
destitution of their familJes. which they justly attributed to the conduct of the
company, and after a cool and deliberate consultation they concluded to take
action themselves, and not wait for the uncertain and tortuous windings of the

28 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

law. About niiclniglit Friday, June 30, 1876, about one hundred men comprised
of the "Golden Chariot" employees, and miners from other mines, assembled
and proceeded to the office of the company, located near the mill, and conducted
the superintendent, M. A. Baldwin, to a house at Fairview and placed him
under guard, at the same time informing him that he would not be released
unless assurance was given that the employees of the company would receive
their just dues. Everything was conducted in a very peaceable manner, and
Mr. Baldwin's wants fully provided for. On the assurance of the San Francisco
officials of the company that the pay of the miners would be forthcoming, Mr.
Baldwin was released from durance vile on July 21, 1876, and allowed to proceed
to San Francisco. He returned from there a month later, and the miners were
paid off as promised, and operations for a short period resumed, but eventually
the mine was closed down and has, with the exception of an occasional spurt,
remained in statu ciuo ever since.

SILVER CITY.

Silver City is a nourishing mining camp in Southwestern Idaho, containing
a population of nearly 2,000 people. It was laid out in 1864 and through its
mining interests is known in nearly every quarter of the globe. The town lies
in a canyon, on the headwaters of Jordan creek, and at an altitude of about 6,300
feet. War Eagle mountain on the east, and Florida mountain on the west, rise
to heights of about 8,000 feet, the former being the higher and the most promi-
nent peak in Southern Idaho. From the summit of War Eagle mountain, on
a clear summer's morning, with the aid of a telescope one can see the Teton
range in Wyoming, the southwestern corner of Montana, the Wasatch range in
Utah, a butte in Washington, 425 miles northwesterly, and glimpses within the
state lines of Nevada, California and Oregon.

The climate during the summer months is nearly perfect, the days never
getting very warm, and the nights so cool that quite a weight of clothing is
necessary for comfort. Mosquitoes, gnats or fleas are unknown. In the winter
the snow sometimes falls to considerable depth, but the cold is not. severe, and
teaming of any character can be done at all seasons.

The social life of Silver City is free from the petty jealousies and heart-
burnings that are so common in small places, where the "upper ten" and "cod-
fish aristocracy" swell over their inferiors. Here there is a pleasant, natural
commingling between all classes, and a cordial hospitality rules society.
Church services are conducted at odd intervals, there being no resident ministers.
The Masonic order has two lodges in Silver City — Chapter and Blue Lodge —
and Odd Fellows three- — Encampment, subordinate and Rebekah. The Knights
of Pythias are also represented with a strong lodge.

Silver City has six general merchandise stores, two hardware stores, a tin
shop, two meat markets, two hotels, four restaurants, eight saloons, bakery, one

silver City, loohlng North.

Silver City, looking South.

... THE NgW YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LENOX
TIJUDEN VOUNDATiON ,

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

shoe shop, a photograph gallery, brewery, soda hotthng works, two livery
stables, a feed store, three drug stores, a jeweler, three blacksmith shops, a
furniture store, two lumber yards, a tailor shop, three barber shops, a news-
paper, four lawyers, two doctors, etc., etc., most of whom have cards in tliis
Directory.

Silver City is essentially a mining town and is wholly dependent upon tliis
industry for its support and prosperity. The whistle of hoisting and mill
engines, and tlic sullen roar of giant powder blasts, are music to her people. -She

Post Omce and Court House, Silver City.

has four stamp mills carrying an aggregate of fifty stamps, and two arastras.
The mines are about equally divided between War Eagle and Florida moun-
tains, each being covered witli a network of veins carrying precious metals.

War Eagle mountain is of granite formation. The veins lie generally north
and south and the mountain is traversed east and west by numerous porphyry
dykes. Generally speaking, tiie bonanza ore 1)odies found in that locality have
been where the veins came in contact with tiiese dykes. The ores of this moun-
tain are free milling and carry a nice percentage of gold, the bullion running
from $3.50 to $13.00 per ounce. War Eagle has a credited production record of
about thirty millions of dollars, taken out during the first ten years of the camp's
history.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Florida mountain, until very lately, was considered to be of porphyry forma-
tion with some granite upheavals, but the deep mining now done by the compa-
nies operating thereon has exploded this idea, and demonstrated that the rock
masses are of granite, capped with porphyry. The veins of this mountain also
maintain a north and south course, but dykes are not as common as on War
Eagle. The ores, too, generally carry more iron, requiring concentration before
amalgamation. Some of the largest and most exclusive gold veins in the camp
are found on Florida mountain, wliich furnished the rich auriferous deposits
that attracted the attention of tiie early prospectors to this camp. Florida

Dave Adams' Store, Silver City.

mountain is covered to considerable depth by gravel and loam, making it
extremely difficult to prospect, but when access to her treasure vaults is once
obtained, powder, steel and muscle are sure to win.

The country surrounding Silver City abounds in game of all kinds, and the
mountain streams are plentifully supplied with speckled trout, making it a grand
locality for camping parties in the heated term. Grouse, sage hens and prairie
chickens are numerous. In the higher mountains deer are found in large num-
bers, and antelope are frequently seen in isolated valleys near South mountain,
and on the lava beds which skirt the southern boundary of the county.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

TRADE DOLLAR /*1I^I^G AND MILLING COMPANY.

Tile Trade Dollar Mining and Milling Company was incorporated under
the laws of the state of Kentucky, in July, iSgi. The headquarters of the com-
pany are at Pittsburg, Pa., and the present oflicers are: President, Hon. J. M.
Guffey; vice president. A. W. Mellon; secretary and treasurer, T. B. McKaig;
superintendent, Janus I lutchinsim ; foreman. J<if H. Hutchinson; accountant, L.
J. Wcldon. The company owns the following mines located on the southern
slope of the Florida mountain, all of which are patented: Colorado, Sierru
Nevada, Jumbo, South Pluto. Black Bart, J. G. Blaine. Pluto. Pluto millsite.
Trade Dollar, Fraction. Blaine Extension, Caroline: and the following claims
unpatented: .Miiine, Harrison. .Alleghany. Standard and Little Chief.

Trade Dollar Minlnsi and Milliitu Company, Silver City.

The company did not have ;i patented claim when Mr. Hutchinson assumed
charge, and three fourths of the producing territory at the present time is
from claims acquired since he assumed charge. The property today ranks with
the best paying properties on the Pacific coast.

At the present time there is over three miles of track Laid, railed and tied;
and over five miles of tunnels, drifts, adits, etc. The main tunnel is 3,854 feet in
length, and connects with the Black Jack tunnel at its northern boundary.

The company plant is very complete, consisting of a ten-stamp combination
mill, office buildings, department shops, bunk and boarding houses, Ingersoll-

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Sergeant air compressor, compound Corliss engine, drill press, lathe — in fact, a
full and complete mining and milling outfit.

Thomas B. McKalg, Sec'y-Treas. Trade Dollar M. & M. Co.

The oflicers at the Eastern end have been liberal and progressive, and the
management at this end cf)nservative and intelligent. While it may seem prepos-
terous, the facts are that the Trade Dollar in 1897 paid larger dividends than
any one mine in Cripple Creek, according to published records of dividends.

The following is a list of attorneys practicing at the present term of court:
E. Nugent, R. Z. Johnson, E. J. Curtis, R. T. Miller, T. H. Smith, W. H. Dav-
enport, L. P. Higbee, J. H. Lucas, C. G. Stafford, I. D. Haines, James Miller,
T. G. Murphy, J. S. Reynolds, H. Martin, H. L. Preston, J. M. Murphy, W.
G. T. Vault, A. A. Moore, J. H. Watson, A. Huggan and A. Heed. — Avalanche,
October 2, 1865.

Coyote Chase. — On Wednesday evening a coyote appeared on Main street,
and the sound of revolvers would have done credit to a well-regulated free
fight. Mr. Coyote, astonished at his reception, took to his heels, and soon
left Ruby in the distance.— Avalanche, September 16, 1865.

Hay is now selling here for $100.00 per ton. Several loads have arrived in
town during the week. There was probably 250 tons cut during the summer
in Jordan valley, which will likely supply the demand in this section. — Ava-
lanchCj September 23, 1865.

OWYHEE COUNIV, IDAHO.

Mr JaiiKs Hutchinson was bom in ^'()^kslli^e, England, November 17,
iS.^7. and is, therefore, sixty years of age. He came to .\nierica with his
parents in 1848, and settled in l)ul)U(|ue, Iowa; moved to Shuilsburgh. Wiscon-
sin, in 1852, and resided there until January, 1863, at which time he was married
to Susan O'Neil: and started for Colorado territory, settling in Central City,
("lilpin county, am! fr<iin tliat time to the present has been engaged in gold
and silver mining.

He was superintendent of the famous Gregory lode for twenty years;

superintendent of the famous Robinson and Aspen mines, and was appointed

tate inspector of mines for tlie state of Colorado by Governor Cooper, in 1889.

lie came to Idaho to take charge of the Trade Dollar mine on January r. 1894,

■ ind since liis arrival it has been a continuous and regular dividend payer.

James Hutchinson.

Joseph H. Hutchinson.

J()sei)li II. I lutcliiiisi 111. fnreni.iii for the Trade Dollar Mining & Milling
Company, was bt)rn in Central City. Colorado. May 21, 1864. When sixteen
years of age he moved to Denver and attended the public schools of that city.
\\ hile ill thi- \\\iih scliool there lie w.is twice elected president of their lyceuni,
;<iid won tlie famous W'oodlmry metlal in 1883 for oratory. He worked his
way through school as janitor of the Twenty-second avenue primary school,
and as "route carrier" on the Rocky Mountain News and Denver Times. He
was elected "chairman of the board" at the Colorado Mining Stock Exchange
in 1890. and in 1S93 left tliat institution while occupying the position of secre-

34 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

tary and treasurer, to help his father in Idaho. The Colorado Springs Mining
Stock Association making him a handsome offer to preside over their board in
1896, he returned and handled the stocks through Cripple Creek's stock boom,
and returned to cast his lot with Idaho January i, 1897.

Mr. Hutchinson has been in mining camps all of his life except the periods
of Denver school life and business, and in practical mining is quite an aid to
his father as superintendent. Mr. Hutchinson wedded a native Owyhee girl
(Miss Helen Hays), and both are western people in thoughts, deeds and
actions. In politics "Joe" has been a silver man as against party distinction,
and has the unique honor of being secretary of the first silver club ever formed
in the United States; also secretary of the first national bimetallic convention
held in Chicago in 1893, and secretary of the bimetallic union formed in Salt
Lake in 1895.

THE IDAHO AND PITTSBURG niNING AND MILLING COMPANY.

The Idaho and Pittsburg Mining and Milling Company was incorporated in
1890, under the laws of Kentucky, with a nominal capital of $2,500,000.00,
divided into 250,000 shares of $10.00 each. The officers of the company are:
John Irwin, Jr., president; Edwin Bindley, vice president; James McKay, treas-
urer; Lloyd L. Little, secretary, residing at Pittsburg, Pa. The local officers are
Frederic Irwin, superintendent; J. B. Mattenson, mine foreman; James Inglis,
mill foreman; Bert Haug, assayer and accountant. The company are the owners
of the following mines: Black Jack, Empire State, Phillips, Sullivan, Belfast and
Independance, all of which are patented, and the unpatented claims are Virginia,
Bay State, Industry, Economy and Sun Flower.

The "Black Jack" was the first mine located on Florida mountain, and in the
"palmy days" of Owyhee prior to 1875, is said to have produced $1,600,000.00,
and kept three mills busy.

The failure of the Bank of California, which proved disastrous in genera!
to the mining industries of this locality, also had a like effect on the "Black
Jack." and for years nothing was done in the mine except assessment work and
an occasional small shipment by chloriders.

In 1890 the present owners purchased the property and prosecuted work
vigorously by starting a cross-cut tunnel to tap the ledge 540 feet below the
lowest previous workings, and the following summer commenced to erect a ten-
stamp mill. At first the outlook was very discouraging, the ledge after a drive
of 950 feet being cut at a barren spot, but the company prosecuted the work
with renewed energy, and in due time their perseverance was rewarded by the
uncovering of a large chute of ore, which fully justified all the expense they had
undertaken. This was followed by the discovery of several more good chutes
of ore, and warranted a further outlay on the part of the company, and they
concluded to cut the ledge at a greater depth, and with this end in view, pur-
chased the Idaho tunnel of Herndon and Mattenson, and through this tunnel
cut the ledge May, 1895, 306 feet below the old tunnel level, opening into about
four feet of good ore. A shaft has since been sunk from the Idaho tunnel level

Idaho and Pittsburs Minlns and Milling Company.

-,THE MEW YCRK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LENOX
TILDEN FOUNDATION

OU'VirKE COUNTY, fPAfrO.

to a depth of loo feet, and crosscuts run east and west from this point, the east
cutting the Black Jack ledge fifty-three feet from the shaft, and the west driving
for the Kinp.irc St;itc ledge, which it is expected will be cut twenty to thirty feet
further in at a distance of ninety feet from the shaft. This Empire State ledge
has been cut 370 feet above this point and there shows about three feet of good
milling ore. The shaft is in two compartments, each 4x4 in the clear, one com-
liartnunt used as a cagcway. in which a Frascr & Chalmer's cage is in operation,
the other being used for a pumpway, counterbalance slide and manway. The
hoisting engine is a Fairbanks, Morse & Co., thirty-horse power, power being
furnished by an Ingersoll-Sergeant air compressor, located at the mill, 2,600 feet
distant. A pump, of a capacity of sixty gallons a minute, is also operated by
compressed air. and handles the water easily. There are at present ninety men
employed in tlic mine and mill. The mil! is a Fraser & Chalmers, ten stamps,
three vanners, six pans and three settlers. Two sixty-inch boilers furnish the
steam to a I4xi2-inch Cooper-Corliss engine. The combination process is
used, the vanners taking out sixty-five per cent, of the values in the form of con-
centrates, which are shipped to Denver for final treatment. Mill and mine run
steadily, only recognizing two holidays — the Fourth of July and Christmas. The
company has uninterruptedly paid dividends for the past five years, but being a
close corporation figures are unattainable....; .

Frederic Iruln.

Mr. Frederic Irwin, superintendent of the Idaho and Pittsburg Mining &
Milling Company, was born in Sewickley, Alleghany county, Pennsylvania,
November 15, 1859. Is a graduate of the Western university of Pennsylvania,

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

and received his degree of Ph. B. in the scientific course of that university in
1878. He then followed mercantile and journalistic pursuits until 1891, when
he was appointed superintendent of the properties of the Idaho and Pittsburg
Mining & Milling Companj', in Owyhee county, taking charge of the Black
Jack mine in April, 1891. In September, 1897, he was appointed consulting
Mining & Milling Company, in Owyhee county, taking charge of the Black
engineer of the Poorman Gold IMines, Limited, of London, England.

Mr. Irwin is not alone a careful and painstaking manager, but is popular
in mining circles, and his energy and perseverance combined with his good
business and mining knowledge have placed his company in the rank it at pres-
ent enjoys.

POORMAfi GOLD /*HSES, Limited.

The Poorman group of mines embraces some twenty properties, covering
one of the richest mineral belts on War Eagle mountain, a belt which has

Poorman Mill and Tramway, Silver City.

done much to make the fame of Silver City world-wide. The Poorman mine
has a production record of about $6,000,000.00, and other properties of the group
— Belle Peck, Oso, Illinois Central, Jackson, and Silver Cord — are hardly

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 37

less notorious for ricliiiess and production. From 1875 to 1H88 these prop-
erties were practically idle, hut in the latter year tliey were i)urchased by a
London syndicate, and iiave Ijeen worked to a more or less extent ever since.
The c(jmpany has expended luindreds of thousands of dollars during the past
nine years in an effort to put the property upon a paying basis; but owing to
the misuianagement and had judgment of its managers, in a vain attempt to
find rich ore overlooked in the old stopes, the property has not had a fair
chance. For the past two years, however, the development work has been more
judiciously directed, and the mine is being opened below all previous work-
ings, and bids more than fair to repay the vast sums wantonly expended by
former manaKcrs, and at tiie same time redeem its good name. The i)roperty
is ecjuipped with a ten-stamp mill, erected in 1895, and has a Hallidie system
wire cable tramway for the transportation of ore from the mine to the mill.
It is now under the able management of Richard H. Britt, with Mr. Frederic
Irwin, considting engineer. The developments at the mine are carefully looked
after by Foreman Henry Kling, a miner of large and varied experience.

CUMBERLAND GOLD MINE.

On the eastern side of War Eagle mountain, three miles from Silver City, is
owned l)y James Shaw, and has been operated under bond by Sonneman &
Branscoinbe, of Spokane, since September, 1897, since which time the prop-
erty has been equipped with hoist, shaft house, ore house, and other improve-
ments made necessary for extensive work.

The situation is on the mineral zone which contains all the famous prop
erties of War Eagle mountain, and on the system of veins on which are located
tlie Oro Fino, Elmore, Golden Chariot, Minnesota, Mahogany, the aggre-
g.ite production of which, amounting to $36,000,000.00, did much towards
producing the enormous amount of gold bullion produced by Owyhee county
in the past. The Cumberland is the southerly extension of the Oro Fino. a
celebrated producer, and a parallel location to the Golden Chariot, which
carried pay ore to a depth of 1,500 feet, and has a record of shipments thrcniji'.i
Wells-Fargo express of $14,000,000.00. The Cumberland is virgin ground, and
is proving on development to be as Vich as any of the adjacent properties. It
is the second (piartz property to have been opened in Owyhee county, the
Oro Fino, on the same vein, being an earlier location. In the early sixties, a
iio-foot shaft was siuik on the Cumberland vein, and some stoping done on the
richest ore; but, on account of the large amount of trouble from the i)lacer
miners, and the depth demanding a power hoisting plant, work was stopped,
and the shaft quickly filled to the collar with the debris washed down the
canyon. The property eventually passed into the hands of Shaw, who has run
upwards of 200 feet of timnel on the vein al)ove the collar of the old shaft.
Most of the ground above this tunnel he has stoped, and, in spite of large
expense attached to hauling, arastra milling, and large loss in tailings, the
greater percentage of the silver value escaping, has averaged a clean-up of over
$100.00 per ton.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

The ore is quartz, occasionally stained by small percentage of copper, and
carrying nothing else but silver and gold, in proportion of one ounce of gold to
ten of silver, or, at present quotations, 80 per cent, gold and 20 per cent,
silver. Very often the gold percentage will exceed 90, but never less than 80.
The gold values are entirely free-milling, the silver occuring as silver glance
(argentite), and occasionally as native silver.

On securing the property, Sonneman & Branscombe immediately com-
menced to secure depth, by sinking a winse in the Shaw tunnel, and by
cleaning out and sinking to greater depth the old shaft, unentered for thirty
years. Besides the increased value and size of ledge in the winse, the show-

Ciimberland Gold Mine.

ings uncovered in the old shaft are most pleasing. Considerable stoping had
been done to within forty feet of the bottom, but, in the faces of these old
stopes, a vein is left which pays well to extract, and below these stopes, to the
bottom of the shaft, and in the bottom, is a good vein ready for stoping and of
high-grade ore. During the winter the work will be continued by sinking
shaft, which has a present depth of 175 feet, by three shifts, and pushing both
the lOO-foot level and the Shaw tunnel ahead. These developments are made
justifiable by the presence of ore in the faces of both tunnels, the vein in the
shaft being nearly two feet in width, and running over 2^ ounces in gold
and 30 ounces in silver.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

While all developiiunt indicates that the ore bodies in the Cumberland will
equal in richness and tonnage those of the adjacent properties, the fact is
already proven that in the Cumberland is a strong, perfectly continuous ledge,
the ore chute being 300 feet long and an average width of twelve inches, which
will yield to ordinary mil! methods a return sufficient to heavily reward the
investors, and encourage others to investigate, develop and reopen the long-
neglected veins of War Eagle mountain.

Stanley A. Easton.

Mr. Stanley A. Easton, superintendent of the Cumberland gold mine, on
War Eagle mountain, was born in California in 1871. He gratluated from the
University of California in 1894. Prior to and since that time he has been
engaged in mining in California, Utah, Montana, British Columbia, Oregon
and Northern Idaho. He was appointed superintendent of the Cumberland in
September, 1897, and enjoys the high opinion of his employes, the business
men, and all with whom he has become acquainted.

MISERS' UNION OF SILVER CITY.

Silver City Union No. 66, of the W. F. of M., was organized on August
8, 1896. the first officers installed being: President, O. D. Brumbaugh; vice-
president, Simon Harris; financial secretary, W. H. Hutchins; recording sec

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

retary, D. C. Wilson; treasurer, Thomas James; conductor (temporary), T. W.
Drew; warden (temporary). J. McLeavey.

Since its organization the Miners' Union of Silver City has paid out in
henefits to members and their families some $6,000.00. and also expended
$1,450.00 on the Miners' hospital, of Silver City, whicli was opened the latter
part of October, 1897.

Aside from the social position which the union holds in the community, it
has ever been ready to preserve the harmony which exists l)etween the large

Miners' Union Hospital, Silver City.

mining companies and their employes. Its total mcnd)ership lo date amounts
to 525, of which 25 have withdrawn and transferred, the balance being all in
good standing, and its financial affairs are in a flourishing condition.

The present officers are: President. Thomas VV. Drew; vice-president. Will-
iam Smaill; financial secretary, W. H. Roberts: recording secretary. Simon
Harris; conductor, Charles Rogers; warden, Antone Mangold.

THE OWYHEE AVALANCHE.

The Avalanche was established by the Wasson Bros, and J. L. Hardin, in
August, 1865. The last-named gentleman withdrew from the firm a year later
and the Wassons continued the publication of the paper for another year. On
the seventeenth of August, 1867, they sold out to W. J. Hill and H. W. Millard.
These two sold the concern to John McGonigle, November 7, 1868, who man-

OWYIIEE COUN'l'V, IDAHO.

a^cd the same until February ig. 1870, when .Messrs. Hill and Millard rcpur-
i liased tlie propcrtj', as also the Tidal Wave, a pai)er which had been in existence
a jear or more, under the ownershi]) and manaj^ement of Hutler Bros. The two
papers were consolidated under the name of The Idaho Avalanche. Mr. Hill
|)urchasing the interest of his partner and becf)ming the sole proprietor a few
weeks subsc(|uent. In October. 1874. in the Hush times of Owyhee, he estab
lisiied a d.iily ])aper. wiiich he continued for about a year and a h.df. In Aj^ril.
1876, lie leased tiie paper to M.ijor J. S. Hay, who a year later ])urchased and
became the owner of the same, carrying it on until October 16, 1880, when he
disposed of the same to Guy Newcomb and Dave Adams, wdio formed a part
nership under the style of Newcomb & .Xdams. until May 20. 1882. when Adams
disposed of his interest to C. M. Hays, who also bought out Newcomb on
December g, 1882. Mr. Hays carried on the business until November 8. \^yo.
when he le.ised the otVicc to John I,andi and L. A. York, who continued its pub-
lication until the spring of i8g2. when Lamb retired, and \'()rk re-leased the
pl.mt. ])ur(liasin,i; tile same June i. 18(^4. ( )n .August 20, i8g7. the beginning
III tile tliirty-tliird volume, the name of the pajier was changed from The Idaho
.Avalanche to The Owyhee Avalanche, the name under which it first ajjppeared,
.August 15. 1865.

L. A. >ork.

Mr. L. A. York, editor and publisher of The Owyhee Avalanche, was born
in Lewiston. Maine, on Marcli i,^ 1866. Moved with his parents to Concord,
N. H., in 1871, and to Evart, Mich., in i87g. In 1881 he entered the Weekly
Kcview office, of Kvart, in the capacity of "devil," and in the spring of i88j left

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

for Telluride, Colo., where he worked at the printer's trade. Was in North
Dakota from the fail of 1884 to the spring of 1889, working alternately at farm-
ing and printing. In 1889 he returned to Colorado, going to Salt Lake City
that fall. Worked on the Salt Lake Tribune as "slug 14" until March, 1890,
when he quit to accept foremanship of the Avalanche office. Was married at
Weiser, Idaho, September 19, 1893, to Miss Catherine Brady, two children, Ralph
aged 3, and Ruth aged 1V2, blessing the union. Mr. York is an active member
of the Odd Fellows' fraternity, and the present presiding officer of Mystic
Encampment No. 6, I. O. O. F.

n. M. Getchell.

Mr. Meserve M. Getchell, postmaster of Silver City, was born at Baring,
Maine, January 5, 1868, where he received a common-school education. Worked
on a New England farm and in a saw mill until 1888, when he clerked for a
time, and then secured employment in a shoe factory at Northwood, New
Hampshire. Came to Silver City in July, 1889, where he accepted a position
as clerk in the drug store and postoffice for his uncle, S. T. N. Smith, and when
the latter purchased the Idaho hotel, December i, 1889, Mr. Getchell continued
in his service. He was married on December 27, 1891, to Miss Maud Hays.
Engaged in ranching and sheep raising in September, 1892, for one year, with
headquarters on Squaw creek, serving also as deputy recorder for Opaline
mining district. Returning to Silver City, he worked at milling for a time,
and then was selected to serve out R. Euler's term as postmaster. At the

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 43

expiration of this term, lu' was appointed postmaster, November 2, 1894. under
Cievoland. notwithstanding? that lie was a rii)uhlican, and was again commis-
sioned on June 19, 1897, by President McKinley. Mrs. Getclicll died on
August 7, 1897. Mr. Getchell is a niendjer of tlie I. (). O. F.

J. A. POLLARD was born in Louisiana, in 1866, receiving his education
in Tuiane university, and has practiced under the civil law system for the past
six years. He came to Silver City in 1894, and has since been prominently
engaged in tlie practice of his profession, enjoying a successful and lucrative
practice. He is retained by the Trade Dollar Mining & Milling Company, the
Cmnberland mine, and the Poorman Gold Mines, Limited, and is also agent for
the latter company. Mr. Pollard also acts in the capacity of legal adviser for
the board of county commissioners. He has taken an active interest in tiie
mining industry of this county, and has promoted a number of important
sales for owners, and is himself personally interested in several mining prop-
erties. He was married on November 10, 1897, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, to
Miss Josie Reilly. Mr. Pollard is a democrat, and has taken a prominent part
in the local ixilitics of the county during his residence here.

J. G. WATTS was born in Tioga ct)unty. Pennsylvania, July 23, 1858. He
lost his father in the civil war, and his mother, taking advantage of the liberal
provisions made by the state of Pennsylvania for the education of its soldiers'
orphans, sent him, in the fall of 1867, to the Soldiers' Orphan school, located at
Mansfield, in Tioga county, where he remained until 1874. In the winter of
1875-6 he taught his first term of school, receiving therefor sixteen dollars per
month, boarding with the patrons of the school, one week at a place. Later
on he attended the State Normal school at Mansfield, from which he gradu-
ated in 1880. After teaching two years in Pennsylvania, subsequent to his
};raduation, and, receiving a life diploma from the state, he started for the West,
reaching Chicago April i, 1882. He spent four years in Illinois, three years
of which was occupied in teaching at Petersburg, the fourth year as clerk in a
boot and shoe house in Chicago. While teaching at Petersburg he studied
law with Hon. T. W. McNeely, and while clerking in Chicago attended lec-
tures at the Union Law college. He left Illinois for Nebraska in March, 1886,
and on the first day of April, 1886, was admitted to the practice of law at
North Platte, Nebraska. After practicing in Nebraska for four years, he came
to Idaho, where he has since resided. He was a member of the state senate of
Idaho in the second session, being elected from Boise county. He has resided
at Silver City since October, 1893. Was married to Pearl Stoner at Omaha,
Nebraska, in 1889.

Quicksilver Mine. — The locators are running a tunnel of one hundred feet
in length. What the prospects are we have as yet but little information. It is
located about twelve miles from this place, in a southeasterly direction. — Ava-
lanche, August 26, 1865.

44 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OP

1867— MARKET PRICES— 1897.

Rftail market prices current in Silver City in 1867, as published by Du Reli
& Moore, as compared with market prices current in Silver City in 1897. as
kindly furnished by Dave Adams:

Flour. 1867, $32.00 per C; 1897, $3.20 per C.

Bacon and hams. 1867, 75c per ft.; 1897, 14c per Mb.

Beans, 1867, 35c per ft: 1897. 6c per ft.

Butter, 1867, $1.25 per ft.; 1897, 30c per ft.

Lard. 1867, 75c per ft.; 1897, loc per ft.

Coffte, 1867. 75c per ft; 1897, i8c per ft.

Tea, 1867, $i.50@2.oo per ft.; 1897, 40c per ft.

Sugar, 1867, 60c per ft.; 1897. 9c per ft.

Candles, 1867, $i.ao per ft.; 1897. 25c per ft.

Coal oil, 1867, $8.00 per gal.; 1897. 50c per gal.

Tobacco, 1867, $2.00 per ft.; 1897, 40c per ft.

Rice. 1867, 40c per ft.; 1897, loc per ft.

Canned fruit, 1867, $1.50 per can; 1897, 20c per can.

Spices, 1867, 75c per ft.; 1897, 25c per ft.

Pickles, 1867, $3.00 per gal.; 1897, 40c per gal

Dried apples, 1867, 50c pCr ft.; 1897, 15c pei ft.

Dried peaches, 1867, 6oc per ft.; 1897, 15c per ft.

Cheese, 1867, 75c per ft.; 1897, 20c per ft.

Raisins, 1867, $1.00 per ft. ; 1897, 20c per ft.

Salt, 1867, $1.00 per 5-ft. sack; 1897, 15c per 5-ft. sack.

Picks, 1867, $8.00 each; 1897, $1.00 each, best.

Shovels, 1867, $4.00 each: 1897. $i.oc each best

Heavy boots, miners', 1867, $12.00 per pair; 1897, $3.oo@5.oo per pair

Eggs. 1867. $3.00 per doz.; 1897. 25c per doz.

Brown sheetings, 1867, 60c per yd.; 1897, 5c P^^ yl-

Brow-n drillings, 1867. 70c per yd.; 1897, I2i/^c per yd.

Heavy duck, 1867, $2.75 per yd.; 1897, 25c per yd.

Gray blankets, 1867, $16.00 each; 1897, $4.00 each.

Hip gum boots, 1867, $16.00 per pair; 1897, $5.00 per pair

Codfish, 1867, 62c per ft.; 1897, I2^c per ft.

Cranberries, 1867. $35.00 per keg; 1897, 15c per qt.

Buck gloves, 1867, $3.50 per pair; 1897, $1.00 per pair.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

SILVER CITY DIRECTORY.

ADA MS, UAVK,

Dealer in general merchandise.
Adams, Green, mining.
Ainell, John, miner.
.Albee, Charles, miner.
Allen, Fred L., salesman Dave Adams.
Allen, Miss Julia, milliner.
Allen. W., miner.
Allers, F., watchman T. D.
Anderson, Austin, miner.
Anderson, Fred C. blacksmith.
Anderson, J. S., miner.
Anderson, O., car B.
.Vnderson, Peter, miner.
Andregg, Albert, miner.
Andregg. H. F.. miner P.
Andregg, L. IM.. miner.
Andrews, Peter, miner B.
Aspdcn, Thomas, miner.
Aubrey, L. H., miner.
.\ultman, Emil B., miner.

.\ustin, C. M., miner.

Ayersocts, James, miner.

Bachman, Jacob, car B.

Bachman, George, miner.

Backlund, C, laborer T. D.

Backlund. F.ric, miner.

Backlund. J., miner T. D.

Badley, J. E,, miner.

Badley, (). V., miner.

B.\I..Ii.\KU. E. I....

Clerk District Court and cx-ofhcio
.Auditor and Recorder.

Bannon, F., wood.

Bannon, William, miner.

[iarey, Pat, miner.

Bard, Henry, teamster.

BARKL.B IIROS..
Corner saloon.

HARKI-K, SAMl'El.,

(Barkle Bros.)

HARKL,E, WILLIAM,

(Barkle Bros.)
Barnes, Albert, miner.
Barnes, Elmore, miner.
Barry, C. N., engineer.

Beary, W. II.. miner and Representative

Legislature.
Beaton, James, Jr., mining.
Beaton, James, Sr., mining.
Beck. George W.. wor)d.
Beckman. Barney, miner.
Beckman, P. A., miner.
Beckman, William, miner.
Belcher. W. H., miner.
Beleloni, G., miner B.
Bell, -Andy, miner.
Bell, William, miner.
Berry, Charles, miner.
Berg, Abel .A., mining.
Bernasconi, Louis, wood.

Betts. Elmer, miner.

Billings. William, fruit dealer.

Bishop, A. K.. (Hedum & Bishop).

Bissett. A. L., Battery B mill.

Bissett. W.. B mill.

Blackinger. Frank J., barkeeper Idaho
hotel.

Bockhmd. J., miner T. D.

Boles. Albert, miner C.

Bonner, Neil, miner.

P.dwdcii. .Andrew, carpenter.

Bowman. Bonficld. miner P.

Bowman. J. L.. steward Idaho hotel.

Bradshaw. T.. blacksmith.

Brady. J. F.. miner T. D.

Bricca. L.. miner.

Britt. K. II.. manager Poorman.

Breshears. Wesley F.. miner.

Hit OWN & SAMPSON.

Livery and feed stables.

ilrnuii. I'., miner.

iin<>\\\. .1. <"..

( Brown & Sampson).

Brown. Joseph, miner.

B)ruwn. J. L.. miner.

BRltE. GEORGE AV..

(Owyhee Meat Company).

Brumbaugh, O. D., miner B.

Brunzell. A. F.. barkeeper.
Brunzell. Charles, miner.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Brunzcll. Jno. A., capitalist.
BRINZELL,, J. M., JR.,

Saloon.
BRINZELL, OSCAR F.,

County Assessor.
Bullott. Charles, miner.
Burger. John, miner.
Burns, C. P., miner C.
Burns, W. K., miner.
Butler, R. W., (McMahon & Butler).
O. O. & I. STAGE COMPANY,

J. J. Davis, superintendent; S. T.

N. Smith, agent.
Callahan. Mike, capitalist.
Cameron, A. D., miner T. D.
Cameron, J. D., miner.
Carlson, Henry, miner.
Carlson, Swan, miner.
Carlson, Victor, miner.
Carr, Samuel, barber shop.
Carroll, Frank, miner.
Cartjr, Andy, millman.
Carter, D., car B.
Cassin, P. J., miner T. D.
Caveney. Edw., mining.
Caveney, Mrs., widow.
Ceslino, F.. wood.
Christian, E., miner.
Cinquini, M., miner.
Clark, James, miner.
Clonbio, J., miner.
Coburn, B. C, miner.
Coffin. George, cook.
Cole. R., miner.
Coll. Barney, miner.
Connor, J. J., capitalist.
CONNORS, J. C,

(Owyhee Meat Company and

County Treasurer).
Connors, John, Battery B mill.
Connors, Peter, mining.
Coombes, W., miner T. D.
Cooney, M., miner C.
Corbett, Thomas, car Bl.
Corda, Caesar, miner P.
Cornish, Joseph, miner.
Cotter, James, watchman.
Cowles, Francis J., ranch.
Cox. William A., miner.
Cronin, Barry, miner.

CROCHERON, A, B.,

County Sheriff.
Crowley, John, miner P.
Crutcher J. L.. watchman T. D.
OUMBERLAND MINE,

S. A. Easton, superintendent.
Cummings, D., timberman C.
CUNNINGHAM, RICHARD,

Attorney at law.
CliRTIS, VAN S.,

Blacksmith.
Daly, J. H., miner.
Daly, Thomas, miner.
Daly, Thomas, miner B.
Daniels, Charles, miner.
Daniels, W., miner.
Danielson, C. A., miner.
Danner, D., miner.
Darnold, Robert, miner.
Davey, W. E., miner.
Davidson, W. T., miner.
Davies, Herbert, miner.
Davis, Prank, miner.
Davis, Frank H., miner.
Davis, Harry, miner.
Davis, Herbert, miner.
Davis, H. H., miner.
Davis, J. B., miner B.
Davis, J. L., miner.
Davis, Patrick, miner.
Day, F. R., miner.
Day, Thomas A., miner.
DeLaney, Charles E., clerk.
Dealy, Jno. T., teamster.
Dealy, Thomas, miner.
Denny, Matt J., miner.
Denny, R. G., capitalist.
Demming. J., miner.
Devore, Oliver, comp. T. D.
Doherty, Hugh, miner.
Donnelly, Pat, miner.
Dorsey, Jno. P., miner.
Dowlan, James R., milk.
Dowling, James W., miner.
Drew, Thomas W., miner.
Drew, William, miner.
Drolinger, Samuel, miner C.
Duke, J. T., miner.

DUNHAM. D. C,

Blacksmith and wheelwright.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

Dw.ver. Richard, miner.
EASTOJV, S. A.,

Superintendent Cnniberiand mine
Eddy, Whitfield, miner B.
Edgar, John, capitaHst.
Edwards, Henry T., miner.
Egan, H., miner.
Egan, Mrs., restaurant.
Eisenhart. L., blacksmith T. D.
Elarche, Fred, miner.
Eli, R. A., miner.

Ellis, J. M., clerk Golden Rule i-tore
Elmer. W. W., assayer Blaine mill.
Engelbretson, Andrew, prospector.
Erickson, A., miner T. D.
Fain, A. A., miner.
FAIRRIS, L,KA,

Barber shop and l)ath rooms.
Farmer, David, miner.
Farrar, Mrs. Edith S., school teacher.
FEIIRENSEN, FRED J.,

City drug store.
Fecny, J. D., miner.
Fecny, William, miner.
FEOHR, DANIEL,

Mine owner.
Ferguson, J. W.. miner.
I'iggey, A., miner,
l-'inley, H., miner T. D.
Fletcher, T., engineer.
Fontana, P., miner B.
Forcate, Charles, miner.
Ford, W. E., engineer P.
Foster, L., fireman B. mill.
Fox, Thomas, miner.
Franz, Joseph, miner.
Eraser, James, blacksmith.
Frazer, John A., miner.
French, Miss P., school teaclur.
Fiost, John, teamster.
Fry, T. D., miner B.
Gabriel, William, teaming.
Gallagher, James J., miner.
Gardanier, H. A., manager cyanide i)l

P. mill.
Gardner, J., miner B.
Gartledge, Byron, miner.
Gates, A. S., miner B.
Gates, S. S., miner.
Gay, William, miner.

Geelowson, M. G., miner.
Genau, George, miner.
• Genau, A. S., miner B.
Genson, C, miner.
Gerbrich, Jno. A., miner.
Gerlinik,, F., engineer C.
GETCHELL., M. M.,

Postmaster and dealer in varieties.
Gianini, J., miner.
Gibbons, Arthur A., wood.
Gibbons. Alexander A., wood.
Givens, E. C, accountant T. D. .M. Co.
Gluyas, E., engineer T. D.
Goble, Mrs. E. J., hotel and restaurant.
Goble, George A., teamster.
Goble, James D., teamster.
GOLDEN RULE STORE,

D. C. Sinclair, manager, dry goods,
clothing, etc.
GOMIIRIG, RALPH,

(Isay & Gombrig);
Gomez, A., miner B. *■•

Goodall, W. E., miner B.
Goodwin. James, teamster.
Gordan, William, miner.
Grady, John, minor.
Graham, M.. miner.
Grant, E. W., miner.
Gregg, K., miner.
Greenig, D. T., miner.
Green, J. W., miner.
Green. William, miner.
Greenlaw, Robert, carpenter.
Greer, Jatnes, porter W. E. hotel.
Greve. Richard, miner.
GHETE, .\l Gl ST,

W. E. saloon.

(JUIO'I'E. C. H.,

.Accountant Dave .Xdanis.
(iretc. E. F.. bartender.
«;itETE. FUED., JR..

h'urniture. etc.
GHETt:, FRED., SR.,
ml Brewery and saloon. »

Gretc, John. Jr., steward W. F,. hotel.

GRETE. JOHN. SR..

I'roprietor \\ ar Eagle hotel.
Grover. Wes.. stableman.

GROSS. JOSEPH C.

Clerk War Eagle hotel.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Guidici, Philip, miner.
Hacock. S.. inincr.

Hadley. J. C, comp. T. D. and Repre-
sentative State Legislature.

HALI^ENBECK, JOH\,

Speculator.
Hamilton, J. A., minor.
Hamilton, R. B., Deputy Sheriff.
Hamilton, Tliomas, miiu'r.
Handy, H., car B.
HANDY, GEORGE H..

Probate Judge.
Handy, R. S., miner.
Hanson. Peter, miner B.
Harris. F. R., miner.
Harris, J. D.. carpenter.
HAKRIS, SIMOIV,

Justice of the Peace.
Hard, J. H., clerk Golden Rule store.
Hart, Harry, blacksmith.
Hart, T., miner B.
Hartley, M., miner.
Harvison, Carl, miner.
H.\STINGS. BEN. F..

State Mine Inspector.
Hays, C. D., miner T. D.
Haywood, W. D., miner B.
Hazel, John, miner.
Hcdin, N. G., miner.
Heduni, C. C., (Hedum & Bishop).
Hedum & Bishop, photographers.
HEIDELBERGER, SAMIEI.,

Dealer in general merchandise.
Helm, F., clerk Isay & Gombrig.
Hemmingway, Robert, barkeeper.
Hennessy, John F., miner.
Herbert, Root, carpenter.
Hicks, George, miner.
Hill, J., laborer T. D.
Hinkey, Herman, capitalist.
Hobba, Richard, uiitur.
Hockings, J., miner B.
Hogan, John, miner.
Holcomb* Charles, carpenter.
Holland, James, miner.
Holland. John, miner.
Holland, Joseph, miner.
Holm, Matt, miner.
Holmes, C. E., miner C.
Holmes, Edw., miner.

Holtgren, C, miner T. D.
Holtgren, Gus.. shift boss T. D.
Hosking, E., miner B.
Hoskins, Jno. A., miner.
Hubberty, Joseph, capitalist.
Hudgens. A., dentist.
Hughes, B.. miner.
Hughes, Samuel, bricklayer.
Hughes. Mrs. Samuel. Miners" hotel.
Hulett, Frank W., County Surveyor.
Humphrey, William R., prospector,
llunkins, C. B., assistant assayer B mill.
Hunt, D. A., miner T. D.
Hunter, David, wood.
Hunter, Edward, teamster.
Ilutcliings, William H.. miner.
HITCHIXSOX. J.VMES,

Superintendent T. D. M. & M. Co.
Hl'TCHIXSON, J. H.,

Assistant superintendent T. D. M.

& M. Co.
IDAHO HOTEL.

S. T. N. Smith, proprietor.
Inman, H. A., stableman.
ISAY & GOMBRIG,

Dealers in general merchandise.
ISAY% JFLIlfS.

(Isay & Gombrig).
Jackson, J., miner.
Jackson. Thomas, miner.
Jacobs, B. W., (Rock & Jacobs).
Jacobson. Jacob, miner.
Jacobson. J. O., miner T. D.
Jarvis, J. Harry, miner.
Jeffery. J. M., engineer T. D.
Johnlinear, Nels, miner.
Johns, A., shift boss Blaine.
Johnson, August, miner.
Johnson. David, miner.
Johnson, Mike, miner.
Johnson, Nels, miner.
Johnson. Wallace, miner T. D.
Johnston. F., miner B.
Johnston. G. J., carpenter T. D.
Jones, Charles, miner.
Jones, J., tank B. mill.
Jones, Jess, cook.
Jones, S. H., miner B.
Jones, Thomas L., comp. T. D.
Jones, W. L., miner.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

Jordan, S. G., miner.
Junor, E. G., miner.
KAISNKR & TURMES,

(Silver City Meat Company).

KAIS.XKR, WILMAM,

(Kaisner & Turmes).

Kane, John M., (Miller & Co.).

Keast, W., miner.

Keeley, William, waiter.

Kelly, John, miner.

Kelly Bros., Long Gulch stables.

Kelly. Patrick W., (Kelly Bros.).

Kelly, Robert J., (Kelly Bros.).

Kennedy, Mrs. Patrick J., laundry.

Kennedy, Tim., miner T. D.

Kent, J., miner.

Kiernan, James, miner B.

Kimzey, J. S., carpenter.

Kincaid, Isaac, wood.

Kinsley, Charles E., miner T. D.

Kinsman, Richard, miner.

Kirchhoff, William, stableman.

Kling, Henry, foreman Poornian.

KNAPP, .ARTIIIR M.,

(Charles E. Knapp & Son).
KNAPP, CHARLES E.,

(Charles E. Knapp & Son, resi-
dence De Lamar, Nevada).

KN.VPP, CHARLES E. & SON,

Model Pharmacy.
Kreis.H. L., salesman Lsay & Gombrig.
Lagan, Dr, E., physician.
Lake, C. H., dairy.
Lang, Thomas, miner.
Langford, Frank, miner.
Lapoul, John. wood.
Larks, Charles P., musician.
LARSEN. NELS C,

(N. C. Larsen Coml. Co.).
LARSEN, N. C. COML. CO, LD.,

General merchandise.
Law, James B.. miner B.
Lawler, J., miner B.
Lawson. A. G.. blacksmith T. D.
Leary, Daniel, miner.
Lee, James H., miner.
Lee, W. S., miner P.
Leonard, Mark, agent C. O. & L Stage

Company.
Leonard, Matt J., printer.
Leonard, R. H., Jr., notary public.

LEONARD, R. If., SR.,

Mining.
Lester, G. W., miner.

LE^VIS, ELISIIA, SR.,

Mining and c.x-Probatc Judge.
Lewis, E., Jr., mining.
Lewis, George H., mining.
Lewis, Jno. H., miner.
Lewis, Robert, miner.
Lewis, R. M., engineer.
Lewis, William, barkeeper.
Lilien, C. F.. miner.
Lindsay, A. G., miner.
Lindsay, N., miner B.

Lindquist. Peter, miner.
I,IPPINCOTT, A. C, M. D.,

Physician and surgeon.
Llewellyn, G. C, wood.
Lloyd, J. P., (Stephenson & Lloyd).
Logue, John, miner.
Lompa, S., wood.
Long, C, miner.
Lowe, W. H., millman.
Lower, Professor B. B., mining.
Lowney, Con., miner.
Luxton, J. H., wood.
Mc.Aleavy, Frank, miner.
McBride. J., miner.
McCABE. JOHN.

(ATcCabe & Murphy, and Under
Sheriflf) .

MoC.\BE. PATRICK,

Janitor Masonic hall.
McCabe & Murphy, saloon.
IMcCall. William, miner.
McCambridge. J., miner.
INfcCarthy. Jno.. carpenter.
McCaully, James, millman.
McClellan. M. C. miner.
ATcDonald. Duncan, miner.
l^rcDonald, .^. D.. miner T. D.
ATcDonald. G., timbcrman C.
McDonald. James A., shift boss B.
M^cDonald. Jno. R., miner B.
McElmeel. Stephen, miner.
l^rcGuirc, F., miner C.
McKelvey, E., miner.
NfcKclvey, F., miner.
McKelvey, J., miner.
McKenzie. G., miner.
McKinnon. C. B., miner.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

McLean, Matt, miner B.

McLeod, R. E., miner B.

McMahon & Butler, saloon.

McMahon,A. P.,(McMahon & Butler).

McMahon, F., miner.

McMahon, John, mining.

McMillan, H. Guy, mining.

McMillan, J. N., miner.

McAIillen, J. A., miner.

McMurray, J. P., miner.

McMurren, Mrs. S. F., boarding

house C.
McNair, E. H., miner.
McNamara, T. J., carpenter.
Mealue, T., miner.
Macken, William, miner.
Main, Alexander, miner.
Mangold, Antone, miner.
Maroffa, T., miner T. D.
Marlett, B., miner.
Martin, J., ranch.
Martin, W., miner.
Martincourt, John, ranch.
Matheson, Ed., stage driver.
Mayland, Gunther, miner.
Medlen, P. D., miner.
Meeds, D. G.. & Co., barber shop.
Melia, Thomas, miner T. D.
Meriden, M., miner.
Meyer, Frank, miner.
Mikkelson, Gilbert, miner.
Miller & Co., saloon.
Miller, A. J., miner.
Miller, C, miner B.
Miller, Charles H., engineer.
Miller, James, miner.
Miller, J., ranch.

Miller, James W., (Miller & Co.).
Miller, Jeff., stage driver.
Miller, Monroe, miner B.
Miller, R. L., miner.
INIills, J. W.. miner B.
Mills, Mrs. J. W.. millinery.
Miner, Charles, butcher.
Miner, Everett A., butcher.
Mitchell, R., miner.
Moe, S. N., jeweler.
Monahan, Charles, capitalist.
Morris, Alexander, miner.

Morrow, P., car B.

Morrow, R. E., car B.

Morrow, Silas L., blacksmith.

Morton, R., miner.

Morton, Richard B., miner.

Moss, Joe, office boy T. D.

Motley, C. N., watchman Poorman.

Mott, Frank, carpenter.

Murphy, C. B., (McCabe & Murphy).

Murphy, Patrick J., carpenter.

Murphy, T. H., miner.

Murray, Andrew, miner.

Murray, James, miner.

Myers, Isaac, miner.

Myers, Frank, mining.

Near, W., miner T. D.

Nelson, C, miner T. D.

Nelson, Nels, miner.

Nette, Thilo, miner.

Nevins, Mike, miner.

Nichols, A. J., miner.

Nichols, Edw., miner.

Nichols, G.. miner B.

Nichols, H., pans B. mill.

Nichols, N., miner T. D.

Nichols, S., miner B.

NICHOLS, W. N.,

County Commissioner and notary

public.
Noakes, E., miner B.
Nolan, J. C, miner.
Norton, Robert J., miner.
Norton, J. S.. miner.
Norval, Robert, miner.

XUGENT, EDWARD,

Attorney at law.
Nyblom, A., miner.
Nybloom, Eric, miner.
O'Neil, David, Jr., miner B.
O'Ncil, David, Sr., miner.
O'Neill, J., miner.
O'Neill, J. J., miner.
Oates, James, miner.
Odgers, William, miner.
Ohlnauser, A. C, miner.
Ohrbeck, M., miner.
Olden, W. A., miner.
Oliver, J., soda factory.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IIJAIIO.

Olsfii, J., miner T. D
Olscn, L. M., miner.
Olsen, Ole M., miner.
Osborne, William, miner.
0\\ YIIDIO AVALANCHE,

L. A. York, editor and publisher.
OWVIIKK MKAT CO!»Il»AXV,

Connors & Bruce, proprietors.
Page, R., miner.
Palmer, A. J., mining.
Palmer, George W., mining.
Parry, M. L., carpenter.
Pasini, Angclo. miner.
Pascoe, J., miner.
Patterson, S., miner.
Patterson, W., miner.
Pearce, W. L., compressor T. D.
Peirazini. Stephen, miner.
Perata, J. B., miner.
Perry, Samuel, miner.
Person, Nels, miner.
Peterson, A., miner.
Peterson, I. T.. real estate.
Peterson, John A., miner.
Phelps, Charles, miner.
Phelps, Joseph, miner.
Pickering, S. H., miner.
Pinkley, David, wood.
Pistori, James, millman.
Plumer. Wood, druggist.

IM)I.I,.\KI), J. A.,

.'\ttorney at law.
Pollard, Richard, miner.
Pooley, W., miner B.
rOORM.\IV GOLD MINKS, LD.,

R. 11. Britt, resident manager.
Potter, J. W.. carpenter.
Powell, Charles, blacksmith.
Powell, George F., miner.
Powell. Robert, miner.
I'rice. Calvin, miner.
TVice, John, prospecter.
Prisk, W. J., miner.
Pugh, David, miner.
I'ulaski, Ed., miner.
Purccll, John, miner.
Quigley, B.. ore sorter B.
Quinlan. David, miner.
Quinn, T., miner.
Ranston, Joseph A., stableman.

Reardon, Bert, miner.

Reed, Cyrus, miner.

Reed, J. C, miner.

Reed. T. C, miner.

Reel, Owen, miner.

Reese, J., miner B.

Reese, W., miner.

Reeves, W. N., miner.

Retalleck, J., miner.

Richards, Henry, miner.

Ridder, O., miner.

Riggle, J. W., miner.

Riley, Allen, miner.

Ringgold, J. B., freighter.

Ringwood, Olof, miner.

Rock & Jacobs, saloon.

Rock, B., miner.

Rock, Mike, constable, (and Rock &
Jacobs).

Rocky Mountain Bell Telephone Co., S.
N. Moe, agent.

Roberts, James, miner.

Roberts, Lewis, foreman B. mill.

Roberts, William H., fruit, confection-
ery.

Robinson, E., miner.

Rodriguez, J. B., boots and shoes.

Roe, James, milk.

Rogers, C, car B.

Roode, H. C. miner.

Rooney, H. F., miner.

Ross, Gus., miner.

Ross, Hugh, miner.

Roskins, Chris, miner.

Rule. Lewis, miner.

Rule, Joseph, miner.

Ruskin, C, miner T. D.

Ryan, M. P.. miner.

St. Clair, Frank M., mining.

St. Clair, J. S., Deputy Clerk District
Court.

SAMPSON. GKORGE O..
(Brown & Sampson).

Sandstrom. John, Owyhee bakery.

Sargent, Elmer, cook B.

Savage. John, shift boss P.

Schlank. George, mining.

Seaton, W. A., salesman Dave Adams.

ShafTer, David, teamster.

Shaub. Jno. A., miner.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Shaw, James, miner C.
Shaw, Thomas, miner C.
Shea, J. D., miner T. D.
Shea, Patrick, miner.
Sheehan, Charles, miner.
Shimp, H. E., miner.
Shinnick, G., miner.
Shinnick, Morris, miner.
Shirley, William, miner.
Shokman, M., miner.
SHUB, LOUIS,

American tailor.
SINCLAIR, D. C,

Manager Golden Rule store.
Slattery, Patrick, miner.
Smaill, W., timberman T. D.
Smith, Bert, miner.
Smith, Ed., miner.
Smith, Ed. G., miner.
Smith, James, miner.
Smith, James, miner.
Smith, James, miner.
Smith, James S., Deputy Sheriff.
Smith, John, miner.
SMITH, S. T. N.,

Proprietor Idaho hotel.
Smoke, O. H., driver dairy.
Snell, John, miner.
Somas, A., miner.

LONG, LEE,

Chinese store and wood.
Sorenson, Louis, miner.
Sotheren, R. G., miner.
Spencer, William, miner.
Spencer, William G., miner.
Stacy, J. S., miner.

STANLEY, WALTER,

Hospital nurse.
Steack, William, miner.
Stevens, W. S., ranch.
Stephenson & Lloyd, groceries, etc.
Stevens, Al. P., miner.
Steward, J. A., miner.
Steward, James, miner.
Stewart, James, miner.
Stewart, William, miner.
Stoddard, George F., artist.
Stoddard, J. W., mining.
Stoner, J. Boyd, salesman City drug

store.

STONER, S. A.,

Mining.
Stowe, E. S., miner B.
Stratton, C. W., miner.
Stromblad, Patrick, engineer.
Stuart, E. F., engineer.
Sturdevant, J. C, engineer.
Sullivan, Dennis, miner.
Sullivan, Harry, miner.
Sullivan, John F., mining.
Sullivan, Thomas, miner.
Summers, W., B. mill.
SUN CHONG,

Chinese and Japanese fancy goods.
Surig, John H., carpenter.
Sutton, T., millman.
Swanson, Otto, miner B.
Tatro, F. E., miner. k

Thomas, Robert O., miner.
Thomas, William, engineer B. mill.

THOMPSON, E. A., J

Clerk Idaho hotel. '

Thompson, J. W., dairy.
Thurman, Fred, miner.
Tigue, W. F., miner.
Tippett, Moses, miner B.
Tolzi, A., miner.
TONG CHUNG LUNG,

Star restaurant.

Tookie, James, miner.

Toos, W., miner.

Tonkin, W., miner.

Tordiff, John, electrician.
TOW^NSEND, WILLIAM H.,

Undertaker.
Tracy, F. E., stoves and tinware.
TRADE DOLLAR MINING 4& MILLING
COMPANY,

James Hutchinson, superintendent.
Trebelcock, Alfred, timberman Bl.
Tremewan, W. H., car T. D.
Tressiden, James, miner T. D.
Truax, A. B., carpenter.
Truscott, J., miner.
Trythall, James, miner.

TURMES, JOHN,

Silver City Meat Company.
Turner, Charles H., capitalist.
Tusze, William, miner.
Trythall, James, miner.
Varker, J., miner.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

Venza, Ed., miner.
Vivian, H., miner.
Volkman, Frank H., miner.
Wagner, John, mill owner.
Walker, A. M., miner.
Walker, L. W., real estate.
Walton, W. C, miner.
Ward, Henry, stableman.
Ward, J. B., miner.
Ward, Morris, miner.
Ward, R. J., blacksmith.
Wardle, W., miner.

WAR EAGLE HOTBl.,

John Grete, proprietor.
AVAR EAGLE SALOON,

August Grete, proprietor.

Warner, Charles, ranch.

Warren, F. C, ranch.
AVATTS, JAMES G.,

Attorney at law.
Wear, Frank, miner.
Wear, S., miner.
Wear, William, miner.
Webb, C. T., miner C.
Webster, George R., miner.
Weeks, J. H., lumber.
Welch, Marion, barkeeper Idaho hotel.
Welen, James, miner.
Weldon, L. J., accountant Trade Dollar.
Weldon, J. G., car B.
Wennerstein, Ernst, miner.

WESTON, J. N., M. D.,

Physician and surgeon, County Cor-
oner and Physician.

Whiteside, W. B., miner.

Whitney, W. H., millman.

Wickes, Captain G. B., miner.

Wiley, William, miner.

Williams, G. A., miner.

Williams, Henry, miner.

Williams, William, miner.

Williamson, W. C, miner.

Willcnegger, C, miner.

Willencgger, E., miner.

Williams, W., miner.

Wilson, R. B., principal public school.

Winchester, Charles A., miner.

Winchester, George, expressman.

Wisner, S. L., painter.

Wogatke, Leo, miner.

Wolgemuth, Guston, barber.

Wood, C. E., millman.

Wood, F. E., salesman S. Heidelberger.

Woolcock, S., shift boss T. D.

Woolcock, — ., miner.

Wright, Samuel, miner.

Wybloni, A., miner.

Wybloni, E., miner.

York, Frank G., foreman Owyhee Ava-
lanche.

YORK, LEM. A.,

Editor and proprietor Owyhee Ava-
lanche.

BLACK JACK DIRECTORY.

Abernethy, A., woodchopper.
Albee, D. B., pans.
Anderson, John, trammer.
Anderson, R. B., battery.
Andretti, Fred, wood.
Armstrong, W. E., shift boss.
Austin, Charles, wood.
Bachman, Werner, miner.
Bachman, William, miner.
Balbi, A., wood.
Berg, Ole, miner.

Bowen, E. E., manager boarding house.

Buckle, Theo., miner.

Burch, D. W., woodchopper.

Byrnes, Ed., laborer.

Callow, Fred, woodchopper.

Carter, Andy, engineer.

Danielson, Charles, mmer.

De Fonti, Lorenzo, wood.

Doherty, Malcolm, blacksmith.

Dohcrty, Myles, blacksmith.

Evans, E. R., miner.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Fox, N. D., engineer.

Frazer, John, blacksmith.

Gallagher, Mike, shift boss.

Goodfellow, David L., miner.

Graham, A. D., pan.

Gray, W. H., miner.

Hagler, William L., miner.

Handy, Ray, trammer.

Hart, N. S., woodchopper.

Haug, Bert, assayer and accountant.

Haug, Frank, trammer.

Hawkinson, Henry, miner.

Haydin, N. G., miner.

Heazel, George, pan.

Henderson, Joseph, miner.

Hogan, James, miner.

Holland, Charles, miner.

Holland, Jack, miner.

Holland, Joe, miner.

Hultgren, Andy, carman.

Hunt, S. E., woodchopper.

Hutchins, Joseph, miner.

IDAHO AND PITTSBURG MIMNG .fc
MIL-LIIVG COMPANY,

Headquarters Pittsburg, Pennsyl-
vania; Frederic Irwin, superintend-
ent.

Inglis, Fred, engineer.

Inglis, James, foreman mill.

IRWIN, FREDERIC

Superintendent I. & P. M. & M.
Co., and consulting engineer Poor-
man Gold Mines, Ld.

Jenson, Joseph, wood.

Jewell, E. D., woodchopper.

Johnson, Andy, miner.

Johnson, Oscar, miner.

Jones, William L., engineer.

Kus, R. R., blacksmith.

Lawrence, Frank, miner.

Lennon, John, miner.

Linder, Thomas, woodchopper.

Liner, John, miner.

Lindgren, John, miner.

Lindquist, John, miner.

Lonsdale, C. V., miner.

Loofquist, John, miner.

Lund, Oscar, miner.

McBride, John, miner.

McDonald, D. T., teamster.

McGough, Ed., pan.
McGough, John, miner.
McKay, James, miner.
McKelvey, M. H., miner.
McLean, L., miner.
McLeod, R. H., miner.
Main, Aleck, miner.
Martz, Al., timberman.
Mattenson, J. B., foreman mine.
Mayland, Gunder. miner.
Mockler, Thomas, miner.
Munson, H., wood.
Nelson, Isaac, miner.
Nelson, J. E., miner.
Nelson, Nils, miner.
Nettleton, V. F., carpenter.
iMolan, C, miner.
Norman, W. C, woodchopper.
Norton, Richard, miner.
Nylund, John, miner.
Owen, T. D., \^oodchopper.
Page, Ed., pans.
Palmer Bros., wood and mining.
Patini, Joseph, wood.
Patterson, Alex., miner.
Pearson, John, miner.
Pearson, Nils, miner.
Peterson, William, battery.
Pinana, John, woodchopper.
Powell, G. F., miner.
Pringey, Z. C,, engineer.
Pritchard, Lewis, miner.
Rogers, M. M., miner.
Rood, Henry, miner.
Rood, Magnus, miner.
Roos, Gus., miner.
Ross, John A., trammer.
Russell, Bart, miner.
Ryan, James T., miner.
Sclilatter, George A., miner.
Shea, Tim., miner.
Silva, Foster, miner.
Smith, Eric, timberman.
Smith, Peter, miner.
Stewart, William, mail carrier.
Strombold, Patrick, engineer.
Sullivan, John, miner.
Sullivan, John F., mining.
Tomkins, Miss Ida, waitress.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

Thomas, John R., foreman Booneville Wennerstein, Andy, miner.

mine. West, L., woodclioppcr.

Thurman, F., pans. Williams, E., trammer.

Waller, John, miner. Wolverton. Fred, general store.

Walker, Robert II., timbcrman. Wolverton, Walter, miner.

Warneek, E. F., miner. Wyley, William, miner.

a;!lrtLj

eOLDEfTRtHllTOE

Golden Rule Store, Sllrer City.

The Golden Rule store, of Silver City, of which Mr. David C. Sinclair is
the manager, and which was established April i, 1897, has exemplified one of

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

the main principles of the "Golden Rule," which is to live and let live, believing
the policy of quick sales and small profits, strictly for cash, to be the keynote
of commercial success, and in order to accomplish this result, the firm is a
member of the Golden Rule syndicate, a combination of several firms, who, by
seeking the fountain heads of commerce and purchasing in large quantities, are
enabled to obtain the best goods at low-down prices, and thereby let their cus-
tomers reap the benefit of their combined experience, capital and business
advantage.

The Golden Rule store has continually on hand a large and varied stock
of dry and fancy goods, ladies' and gents' furnishing goods, clothing, boots and
shoes, all of latest styles and patterns, at prices below all competition.

DE LAfAAR,

The town of De Lamar is prettily nestled in a cluster of hills, prominent
among which is the De Lamar mountain, distant sixty miles from the capital,
Boise City, and nine miles from the county seat. Silver City. It is lighted
electrically, and supplied with telegraphic and telephonic communications with
the outer world. The town is located on the banks of Jordan creek, famous in

Oe Lamar, Idaho—Vpper Town.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

the early history of Owyhee county, the approaches of the town being hncd
with well-built residences. In the center of the town is located the plant of
the De Lamar Mining Company, Ltd., consisting of mill buildings, depart-
ment shops, offices, hotel and bunk houses, and surrounded by the principal
mercantile houses. A little further on, still within th-e hearing of the hum of
industry, is another branch of the town, called by the residents "Tough Town,"
which in mercantile activity fully equals that of the town proper. From there
the road to Oregon is skirted by the residences of ranchers, teamsters, milk
dealers and woodmen, with here and there an occasional evidence of mining
industry, such as the Henrietta mill, Jones' mill, and John Scales' mill, at
Wagontown.

De Lamar, Idaho— Luhcr Tonn.

The earliest settlement was at old Wagontown, located about two miles
below the center of the town of De Lamar, which was a road station on the
stage line running from Silver City to Winnemucca, Nev.

The first mine was located by J. VV. Stoddard, which was afterwards
patented, and is now a portion of the De Lamar group. John A. Wilson was
the discoverer of the Wilson mine, which forms the nucleus of the De Lamar
group. He disposed of his properties in September, 1888, to Captain De
Lamar, who subsequently purchased the Sommcrcamp and Lepley claims.
Captain De Lamar vigorously developed his properties, erecting mill, hotel,
and other necessary buildings. Peter Adams opened a boarding house, and

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY Ot

Tom Jones! John Arvidson, Lewis Walker and others erected buildings, and
1890 found the town in a booming condition, and with a good-sized future.
Montie B. Gwinn, of Caldwell, and others, opened a general merchandise store,
under the name of the De Lamar Mercantile Company, which is now being
carried on by Isay & Gombrig.

In the early part of 1891, Captain De Lamar disposed of his entire interests
to the De Lamar Mining Company, Limited, an incorporated company of
London, England, who have since their inception made many substantial
improvements, besides erecting a substantial hotel, with first-class appoint-
ments, taking the place of the one erected by Captain De Lamar, which was

Scales' Tailing Reservoirs and Mill at Wagontown.

destroyed by fire; and it is largely due to the unceasing application of the resi-
dent managers that the company possesses a plant whose standard of excellence
is unexcelled by that of any mining company in this portion of the West.

The claims of the De Lamar company, numbering about forty, are
located on De Lamar mountain, and in the vicinity are located the Big L Silver
Vault, Garfield, Lepley. and many other promising mining properties, which
are being exploited with excellent results.

The De Lamar hotel, owned by the mining company, is under the able
management of S. H. Hanes, who is ever courteously solicitous for the welfare
of the wayfarer.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 59

The principal mercantile houses are: Isay & Gombrig, dealers in general
merchandise, with a branch at Silver City; Dr. J. J. Plumcr, drugs; R. S. Hawes,
groceries, etc.; George T. McCabe. groceries; Owyhee Meat Company; Peo-
ple's meat market; Frank Crosson, general merchandise; Barkle Bros., dealers
in wines and liquors; Scott & McCain, liverv stable; and many others, whom
space does not permit us to mention.

The public schools are in a flourishing condition, under excellent super-
vision, with a membership of about 150 pupils.

A flourishing miners' union, a lodge of Odd Fellows, with a Rcbekah
lodge, comprise the secret organizations, and the welfare of the town is
generally looked after by the De Lamar Nugget, a spicy and entertaining news-
paper, started in May, i8gi, by Lamb & York, and which is still ably edited
by Judge Lamb.

DELAMAR MINING COWPANY, Limited,

Was incorporated in March, 1891, under the laws of Great Britain, with a
nominal capital of 400,000 shares of £1 each.

The principal officers of the company are: Francis Muir, Esq., of London,
chairman board of directors; Charles Pakeman, Esq., of London, secretary
board of directors; D. B. Huntley, resident manager; E. V. Orford, accountant
and resident assistant manager; and Thomas Davey, mine foreman.

The company are the owners of about forty mining claims and millsites,
mostly patented, and situated at the town of De Lamar. These several groups
of mines were located in the eighties, and in 1887 were purchased of the
original owners by Captain J. R. De Lamar, who in the early part of 1891
disposed of them to the De Lamar Mining Company, Ltd., the purchase price,
it is said, being about $2,000,000.00.

The working openings of the mines embrace about six miles, and the main
workings of the property extend 700 feet in vertical deptli ; and beyond this an
incline shaft is now being sunk for prospecting purposes.

A three-rail gravity tramway, about 2,300 feet in length, connects the
mines with the mill, which is a pan-amalgamation plant, equipped with forty
stamps, twenty-eight pans, etc., and has a capacity of treating 150 tons of ore
daily. Connected with this mill is a fifty-ton plant of the Pelaton-Clerici
cyanide process. These mills are run by a Corliss engine of 250 horse power,
and for about three months in the spring of the year the water power is utilized
by means of a six-foot Pelton water wheel.

The plant owned by the company is the most complete one in tliis section
of the country, consisting of hotel and oflicc buildings, store houses, department
shops, mill, assay buildings, bunk and boarding houses, tramways, etc., and is
covered by an insurance of fully $125,000.00. The company also carries a large
stock of wood and other material, and duplicates of machinery, in which there is
a large amount invested.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

The mills and mines give employment to about 200 men, there being no
interruption to the work, except on prominent holidays.

De Lamar Mining Company, Limited, De Lamar.

The energy and perseverance of the local managers, together with the
liberal support of the home management, has placed this company in the fore-
most rank of the best mining properties of the West, and the gross output since
the organization of the company to date amounts to over $5,000,000.00.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 61

Mr. Dwight B. Huntley, resident manager of the De Lamar Mining Com-
pany, Limited, at De Lamar, Idaho, was born in Utica, New York, January
17, 1850. In 1852 his parents came west and located at Grass Valley, California,
where he spent his boyhood. He received his schooling in San Francisco,
California, and graduated in 1875 at the University of California, and subse-
quently, two years later, took a post-graduate course at the same university, in
mining, metallurgy and chemistry. For several years he was engaged in sur-
veying, assaying and milling, for various companies in Nevada, Arizona, Colo-
rado, New Mexico, South America and British Columbia, and was also con-
nected with the United States geological survey in Utah.

In October, 1896, he was appointed resident manager of the De Lamar
Mining Company, which position he at present occupies, and not alone is he
held in high honor and respect in the community in which he resides, but in
mining circles is spoken of as a conservative, talented and capable manager.

Mr. E. V. Orford, accountant and resident assistant manager of the De La-
mar Mining Company at De Lamar, Idaho, was born in Birmingham, England,
February 14, 1855. He graduated at Christ's hospital, London, in 1870, and
then entered the offices of the "chartered accountants," remaining there about
eleven years. In 1881 he came to America, and was engagd in various pursuits
until 1888, when he returned to England, where he remained until 1892, when he
was appointed accountant of the De Lamar Mining Company, and came to
De Lamar, and subsequently received the appointment of resident assistant
manager.

MINERS' UNION OF DE LAMAR.

The Miners' Union of De Lamar is the oldest existing branch of the W. F.
of M. in Owyhee county, and was organized on April 18, 1896, the first ofificers
installed being: President, J. J. Bennett; vice-president, Thomas Duncalf;
recording secretary, Samuel Honey; fihancial secretary, Ed. Wood; treasurer,
William Cayzer; conductor, Charles Morris; warden, William Brasher: trus-
tees, James H. Rodda, Fred Tyacke, John Pascoe, Richard Temby and Henry
Warren.

Since its organization the Miners' Union of De Lamar has paid out in
benefits to members and their families some $4,000.00; and, aside from its social
features, has been ever the means of maintaining the harmonious feeling which
exists between the De Lamar company and its employes. Its present member-
ship amounts to 150, all in good standing. Its financial affairs are in a flourish
ing condition, and the great good it has accomplished in De Lamar is
acknowledged by all. The present officers are: President. W. H. Smith; vice-
president, Thomas Duncalf; recording secretary, William Honey; financial
secretary, J. H. W. Roberts; treasurer, Samuel Gregory; conductor, John
Kitchen; warden, Henry Newman; trustees, Joseph Prout, William Brasher,
William Bird, J. A. Roberts and Archie Warren.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

DE LAl^AR DIRECTORY.

ADAMS, PETER,

Mining.
Allison, Oliver, miner.
Alway, George M., printer De Lamar

Nugget.
Anderson, Benjamin, woodchopper.
Andrews, E. C, miner.
Angelo, P., wood.
Arbuckle, Charles H., capitalist.
Arvidson & Peterson, saloon.
Arvidson, John, (Arvidson & Peterson).
Athearn, P. D., teamster.
Austin, W. H., miner.
BACHBLER, C. U.,

Wood and dairy.
Ball, W., car D. L. M.
Ball, William, teamster.
Baker, J. J., tailor.
Banfield, Eli, miner D. L. M.
Banks, W. B., car D. L. M.
BARKLE BROS.,

Saloon.
BARKLE, SAMUEL.,

(Barkle Bros.).

BARKLE, WILLIAM,

(Barkle Bros.).
Barnes, W. T., tank D. L. mill.
Barry, John, car D. L. M.
Bartlett, George, car D. L. M.
Baxter. Joseph P., tank D. L. mill.
BEERS «fe COLBORN,

Wholesale and retail butchers.
Beers, D. C, corral.
Beers, W. P., (Beers & Colborn).
Belmont, L., miner D. L. M.
Bennett, E. G., retort D. L. M.
Bennett, Henry, miner.
Bennett, James, mining.
Bennett, J. J., State Senator.
Berry, J., miner.
Best, W., engineer D. L. M.
Bidwell, S. P., crusher D. L. mill.

Big I Mining Company, W. W. Fisk,

superintendent.
Bird, William, miner D. L. M.
Blaekwell, A., miner D. L. M.

Blackwell, J., miner D. L. M.
Blaker, C. E., engineer D. L. M.
Blaker, Mrs. J. L., boarding house.
Block, F., tank D. L. mill.
Bloom, M. W., miner D. L. M.
Blore, S. G., miner.

Bowden, Walter A., foreman D. L. mill.
Bowden, William, miner D. L. M.
Bond, George, car D. L. M.
Bond, William, car D. L. M.
Brasher. J. C, miner.
Brasher, William, (Brasher & Miller).
Breman, Ed., car D. L. M.
Brisbois, S., vaquero.
Brookshier, J., laborer D. L. M.
Brown, Joseph C, chop house.
Brownhill, William, fruits and confec-
tionery.

BRUCE, GEORGE W.,

(Owyhee Meat Company).
Bryant, G. H., miner D. L. M.
Bullin, A., fireman D. L. M.
Burnett, W. T., car D. L. M.
Burroughs, D. H., wood.
Burt, A. S., miner.
Burton, B., miner.
Caldwell, H., miner D. L. M.
Gamble, D. J., repairer D. L. mill.
Campbell, D. J., engineer D. L. M.
Campbell, G., car D. L. M.
Cantwell, J. G., of^ce assistant D. L.

M. Co.
Carpenter, C, miner, D. L. M.
Carpenter, D., miner D. L. M.
Carrolin, J., car D. L. M.
Carthew, Charles, miner D. L. M.
Catterson, J. W., miner D. L. M.
Catterson, Scott, miner.
Cavanah, F. P., assayer D. L. M.
Chary, C. C, miner.
Clark, Fred, miner D. L. M.
Clark, John, miner D. L. M.
C. O. & I. STAGE CO.,

J. J. Davis, superintendent.
Cook, George J., machinist D. L. mill.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

Cock, George, miner D. L. M.
Cock, J. W., tinibcrman D. L. M.
Cogar, J., toolsharpener D. L. M.

COLBORN, MARK,

(Beers & Colborn).

Comegys, E. O., miner.

Condy, Fred, miner.

CONNORS, J. C,

(Owyhee Meat Company).

Connors, J. J., vats P. C. mill.

Conroy, J. F., butcher.

Cope, W. F., miner.

Corliss, F., fireman D. L. mill.

Cosby, John, D. L. hotel.

Cowan, James, miner.

Cox, J. W., miner.

Cronin, B., wood.

Crosson, Frank, dealer in general mer-
chandise.

Crosson, J., fireman D. L. mill.

Cummings, J., painter.

Cundy, E., carman.

Cundy, Fred, niiniT D. L. M.

Curnon, C, miner.

Davis, H. J., miner.

UAVIS, J. J.,

Superintendent C. 0.& I. Stage Co.

Davis, W., mining.

Davy, Thomas, foreman D. L. M.

Davy, Thomas, Jr., miner D. L. M.

DE L.\MAR HOTKL.,

S. H. Hanes, manager.

DK LAMAR MINING CO., LD.,

Manager, D. B. Huntley: assistant
manager, E. V. Orford.
DE I.AMAR Nl'GGET,

John Lamb, editor and proprietor.

Doherty, James, miner.
Downs, J. S., miner D. L. ^T.
Downs, Mike, miner D. L. M.
Drew, Edward, miner D. L. M.
Duncalf, Tom, miner D. L. M.
Duncan, Alexander, miner.
Duncan, J., miner D. L. M.
Dunstan. J. H.. tanks D. L. mill.
Durant, J. C, Scales' mill.
Earle, H., miner.
Eichelberger. L.. miner D. L. M.
Elliott, Albert, teamster.

EL.L.ISON, TV. B.,

Scales' mill.
Emhiser, Frank, ranchhand.
Endor, Joseph, miner.
Ennor, N., miner D. L. M.
Eustice, J., miner D. L. M.
Evanston, R. C, P. C. mill.
Ewing, Jackson E., teamster.
Fannin, Arthur, accountant.
Farrel, Chris, saloon.
Faull, Edward, car D. L. M.
Fisk, W. W., superintendent Big I mine.
Folsom, L. B., teamster.

FORNEY, CHARI.E.S.

Proprietor D. L. & S. C. Stage Co.
Forshee, G. B., miner Big I mine.
Fowler, William, miner D. L. M.

Francisco, B., miner D. L. M.
P'ranks, Mrs. M. C, restaurant.
French, Joseph, clerk D. L. hotel.
Giacomello, M., wood.
Gibson, J. W., tailor.
Givens, Richard, blacksmith.
Glasson, C, miner D. L. M.
Goad, Henry, miner D. L. M.
Goad, James, miner D. L. M.

GOMHRIG. RAIyPH,

(Isay & Gombrig).
Grant, John, barkeeper.
Granville. Mrs. Thomas, manager Muir

boarding house.
Green. W., teamster.
Greenfell, E. A., miner.
Gregory, Samuel G., miner D. L. M.
Gundry. Joseph, miner D. L. M.
Gundry, S., blacksmith D. L. M.
Gundry, Sim., car D. L. M.
Haggerty, C. E.. miner.
Haggerty, Joseph N., car D. L. M.
Hains, James, wood.
Hall, J. M., stationery, confectionery. etc.
Hall, J. N.. blacksmith.
Hall. T.. blacksmith D. L. mill.
Hall, Matt, blacksmith B. T. M.
Hambly, Mrs. Sarah, boarding house.
Hamm. J., blacksmith D. L. M.
Hammond. John, laborer.
Hancock. John, storekeeper D. L. M.

Co.
Hancock, William, shift boss D. L. M.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

HAIVES, S. H.,

Manager De Lamar hotel.
Hanna, W. W., miner.
Harrington, E., teamster.
Harris, J. D., miner D. L. M.
Harris, W. J., miner D. L. M.
Harrison, W., miner.
Hatfield, A. F., carpenter.
Hawes, F., miner D. L. M.
Hawes, N., helper D. L. mill.
HALVES, R. S.,

Groceries, etc.
Hawes, Thomas, restaurant.
Hayden, C. N., teamster.
Hayes, D., miner D. L. M.
Hayes, R. C, tank D. L. mill.
Haynes, L. C, barber shop.
Heazel, Alfred, car D. L. M.
Heazel, John B., car D. L. M^
Helm, W. R., clerk Isay & Gombrig.
Helsmiere, Henry, assayer B. I. M.
Henderson, Robert, miner.
Henderson, William, wood.
Heymanson, B., varieties.
Heers, Dr. S. F., dentist.
Hicks, Charles, miner.
Hocking, E., engineer D. L. M.
Hocking, W., miner D. L. M.
Hocking, W. J., miner D. L. M.
Holcomb, A. S., teamster.
Holston, W., rancher.
Honey, William, miner D. L. M.
Hooper, J., car D. L. M.
Hore, J., vats P. C. mill.
Horrace, William, car D. L. M.
Hoskins, C., miner D. L. M.
Houston, H., battery D. L. mill.
Howard, H., laborer.
Hummel, E., miner D. L. M.
HUNTTLEY, D. B.,

General manager D. L. M. Co.
lies. Samuel, waiter D. L. hotel.
ISAY & GOMBRIG,

General merchandise.

ISAY, JULIUS,

(Isay & Gombrig).
Ivor, George, teamster.
Jane, W. J., miner.
James, Thomas, miner D. L. M.
Jeffery, R., carpenter D. L. M.

Jeffries, David, miner.
Jolly, F., miner D. L. M.
Joms, S., miner.
JONES, T. W.,

Carpenter.
Jones, W. B., clerk Isay & Gombrig.
Junior, A., miner.
Kent, James, miner.
Kelloran, J. H., miner.
Keltner, M., wood.
Keogh, John, miner.
Kinsman, A. A., miner.
Kinsman, R., miner.
Kitchen, John, miner.
Kitchen, W. J., miner D. L. M.
Knapp, C, miner D. L. M.
Lake, Harry, waiter.

LAMB, JOHN,

Justice of the Peace, notary public,
and proprietor D. L. Nugget.

Lang, John, engineer D. L. M.

Langford, Joseph P., miner D. L. M.

Larson, Joseph, wood.

Lawson, C. C, contractor.

Lawrence, John, miner.

Lawrence, S., miner D. L. M.

Lee, James, car D. L. M.

Lee, W., tank D. L. mill.

Leisure, Socrates, miner.

Lepley, Frank, mining.

Lloyd, I., pan D. L. mill.

Logue, John, mining.

McAuley, E. H., pan D. L. mill.

McAvenue. Thomas, butcher.

McCabe, George T., general merchan-
dise.

McCandless, D. C, confectioner, etc.

McCAIN, THOMAS J.,

(Scott & McCain).
McCleery, E., repairer D. L. mill.
McCauley, E., millman.
McDonald, A., barkeeper.
McDougall, A., boots and shoes.
McDougall, D., vats P. C. mill.
McGuirt, John, miner D. L. M.
Mclntyre, Charles, ranch.
Mclntyre, Joseph, ranch.
McKay, D., miner D. L. M.
McLaughlin, F.. miner D. L. M.
McLaughlin, J., miner D. L. M.

OWYHEE COUNTY, J I) A HO.

McLeod, Alexander, miner.

McMillan, R., carpenter D. L. M.

McNee, R., miner.

Madison, James, miiur B. I. M.

.Madison, Martin, miner B. I. M.

Magann, J. W., miner.

Marsh, P. W., wood.

.Martin, i'".d\var(l, miner D. L. M.

.Martin, W. A., miner.

.May, R., miner.

Menafec. James W., prospector.

Mildred, A., engineer D. L. mill.

.Miles, John, miner D. L. M.

Miles, Michael, miner D. L. M.

Miller, George, miner D. L. M.

.Miller, S. W.. (Brasher & Miller).

.Miller, William, miner D. L. M.

.Mills, Mrs. Ezra, boarding house.

Milne. J. B., miner.

.Mincar, J., car D. L. M.

Mingo, S., car D. L. M.

Mitchell. J., foreman B. I. M.

.Mitchell, J. A., miner.

Mitchell. J. T.. miner B. I. M.

Mitchell. William, miner D. L. M.

.Molloy, Bob, prospector.

.Moody, Joel, assistant Dr. Plummcr.

Morcom, Henry, miner D. L. M.

Morcom, J. H., miner.

Morrison, J. D., miner.

Morgan, E. H., lodgings.

Morse, C. F., car D. L. M.

Morse, J. P.. teamster.

Moss, Edward, lunch counter.

Munson, Henry, teamster.

Munter, Herman, miner.

Munyon, W., miner.

Napier, James L., mining.

Navarro, J., wood.

Nelson, Carl, ranch.

Nelson, Paul, car D. L. M.

Nelson, Vick. car D. L. M.

Nelson, W., battery D. L. mill.

Newcomb, Guy, journalist.

Newman, Henry, miner.

Newman, M. H., car D. L. M.

Nichols, George, ranch.

Nicholas, T. F., miner.

Ninnis, Thomas, prospector.

Nixon, Nicholas, carpenter.

Norton, Charles H., miner.

Norwick, William, miner.

Notter, H. E., car D. L. M.

Noyes, T. W., miner.

O'Brien, Maurice, miner.

O'Neill, J. J., miner D. L. M.

Olsen, Ira, miner.

Orl'ord, E. V., assistant manager and
accountant D. L. M. Co.

Osborne, John, miner D. L. M.

0\%^HKK MEAT CO.,

Conners & Bruce, proprietors.

Panana, R., wood,

Parlemi, A., wood. .

Parr, Lambert, blacksmith.

Parsons, N., pans'D. L. mill.

Parsons, W., miner.

Pascoe, James, Deputy Sheriff and Con-
stable.

Pascoe, J., timberman D. L. M.

Patterson, W. H., laborer.

Paul, Elijah, miner.

Paull, James, miner.

Paulding, J., pan D. L. mill.

Peterson. Henry H.. (Ar\ idsf>n & Peter-
son).

Peterson, Henry, rancher.

Phillips, James, miner D. L. M.

Phillips, William, car D. L. M.

Pickens, J., tank D. L. mill.

Pirn, R., vats P. C. mill.

Plumer, Dr. J. J., druggist and physi-
cian D. L. M. Co.

Plummer, William, surveyor D. L. M.
Co.

Porter, D. C, car D. L. M.

Powers, Harry, waiter.

Prosser, Amos, miner.

Prout, F.. engineer D. L. mill.

Prout. J., miner D. L. M.

Quick. R.. car D. L. M.

Randall. O. O., miner.

Randall, Thomas P.. miner.

Rasner. George W., miner.

Reagan. J., tank D. L. mill.

Reger, Albert, miner.

Reger, G., car D. L. ^^.

Richards, James, car D. L. M.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Richards, Michael, miner D. L. M.
Richardson, W. P., saw mill.
Roberts, Charles W., miner.
Roberts, Fred, miner D. L. M.
Roberts, J. A., miner D. L. M.
Roberts, J. H. W., car D. L. M.
Rodda, Charles, miner D. L. M.
Rodda, J. H., miner D. L. M.
Rodda, Samuel, miner D. L. M.
Rowe, George, miner D. L. M.
Rowe, J. S., miner D. L. M.
Rowe, R. J., brake D. L. M.
Rowett, J. W., watchmaker.
Rumiser, C. D., ranch.
Sanders, John, engineer B. I. M.
Sandkuhl, A., ore-bin D. L. M.
Sampson, William, barkeeper.
Scadden, Samuel, miner.
SCALES, JOHN,
Mill owner.
Scoble, Fred, miner D. L. M.

SCOTT & McCAIN,

Livery stables.
SCOTT, HENRY,

(Scott & McCain).
Scott, J. H.. foreman P. C. mill.
Scott, William, miner.
Shea, Tim, County Commissioner.
Simmons, Charles, miner.
Simonis, James, stableman.
Simonis, Joseph, stableman.
Sims, J. L., miner D. L. M.
Skoveren, John, miner.
Slattery, John, wood.
Slattery, John F., wood.
Slattery, William, saloon.
Slaughter, W. H., pan D. L. mill.
Smitchger, L., P. C. mill.
Smith, John, car D. L. M.
Smith, William, miner.
Smith, W. H., miner D. L. M.
SOMERVILLE, DAVID,

Blacksmith and wheelwright.
Sotheren, Mrs. A. R., manager Muir

boarding house.
Sotheren, A. R., miner.
Souders, John, engineer.
Sowden, Thomas, miner D. L. M.
Spangler, E., shift boss D. L. M.
Stanton, John, blacksmith.

Stephens, Henry, miner D. L. M.
Stewart, Charles, blacksmith.
Stewart, Charles, miner.
Stillwell, R. J., barkeeper.
Stimpson, Fred D., miner.
Stimpson, John H., miner.
Stoap, Ernst, car B. I. M.
Stoddard, W. J., postmaster.
Suiter, E., battery D. L. mill.
Swan, George, butcher.
Swisher, Frank, milk dealer.
Tallon, A., miner D. L. M.
Taylor, N., pan D. L. mill.
Teague, W. H., miner D. L. M.
Temby, R., timberman D. L. M.
Temby, W., miner D. L. M.
Thomas, R., miner.
Thomas, A. W., miner D. L. M.
Thomas, John, miner D. L. M.
Thomas, J. L., miner.
Thomas, R. R., car D. L. M.
Thomas, W., crusher D. L. mill.
Tolnin, J., miner.
Tolnin, W., teamster.
Toy, John, miner D. L. M.
Tressider, Thomas H., miner.
Trevarthan, Thomas, miner D. L. M.
Truran, John, miner D. L. M.
Underwood, E. T., teamster.
Uren, J., shift boss D. L. M.
Uren, Charles, miner D. L. M.
Uren, Samuel, miner D. L. M.
Van Cleane, T. B., miner D. L. M.
Van Wie, A. J., miner.
Varcoe, E., timberman D. L. M.
Varcoe, George, miner D. L. M.
Varcoe, James, miner D. L. M.
Varcoe, W., miner D. L. M.
Varker, John, miner D. L. M.
Vincent, Dow, rancher.
Wadish, Albert J., teamster.
Waggoner, A. L., barber shop.
Warren, A., miner D. L. M.
Warren, H. W., miner D. L. M.
Warren, S. J., miner.
Waters, J., tank D. L. mill.
Watros, C. L., miner.
Webb, T. H., miner.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

Wells. R.. miner D. L. M.
West, Lorenzo, teamster.
Westcrb\-, Henry, capitalist.
Weston, Charles H., barkeeper.
White, Patrick, capitalist.
Whittenberg, S., teamster.
Wickett, William, engineer D. L. M.
Wilcox, B. D., carpenter D. L. M.
Wilcox, J., miner D. L. M.
Williams, A., miner D. L. M.
Williams, F. W., miner D. L. M.

Williams, George, miner D. L. M
Williams, W., miner.
Wills. Bert, miner D. L. M.
Wills, C, track D. L. M.
Wilson, John A., prospector.
Wilson, Joseph G., miner.
Wilson, W. A., tank D. L. mill.
Winder, Thomas, miner.
Winston, Elijah, miner.
Winter, C. S., laborer D. L. M.
Wright, Samuel, miner.

DE\^EY.

The town of Booneville was first settled in the summer of 1863, the first
inhabitant being Captain Boone, from whom the town was named. For a time
the town enjoyed a large population, and was in a very prosperous condition;

'■ •! 1 I 11 'in

Hotel ana Superintendent's Residence, Dewey.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

but subsequently fell into decay, and for a good many years was simply a
stopping place for wayfarers, stages and teamsters, the only building of
prominence being the old Booneville hotel.

Mill, Stores, Etc., Dewey.

In the spring of 1896, the hotel and surrounding property was purchased by
Colonel W. H. Dewey, and operations were at once set on foot for the
improvement of the town.

During the summer of 1896, the Florida M. & M. Co. erected a twenty-
stamp mill, which is by far one of the largest and best equipped in the West.

The Hotel Dewey was also erected, a large and commodious building,
whose appointments and architectural structure are unequaled by any hotel in
the state. The building is of the "Southern hotel" order, three stories in height,
surmounted by a large cupola, and fronted with a double portico. The build-
ing is thirty by sixty feet, with an "L" of thirty by seventy-eight feet. To the
left of the hall are the bar rooms, card rooms and store rooms, the bar fittings
being very elaborate, and unexcelled in this section of the country. To the
right of the hall are the offices, reading room, billiard room and wash room.
The hall terminates with the dining room and kitchen, and the upper stories
are devoted to parlors and rooms single and en suite, elegantly furnished with

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 09

modern style furniture, equal to that of any caravansary on the coast. In the
third story is a large hall, completely fitted up for theatricals, dances and other
amusements. The hotel is heated by steam heating apparatus of the latest
pattern, and lighted by an electrical plant supplied by the mill, and the san-
itary and sewerage conditions are as perfect as can be made by labor and
science.

Adjoining the hotel are the offices of the Florida M. & M. Co., and the
residence of the superintendent, both of which are of niodern design, artistic
structure and substantial erection.

Facing the hotel, several substantial buildings have been erected, viz., gen-
eral store, butcher shop, steam laundry, barber shop, varifty store, post office,
livery stable and barn, etc., and in the upper part of the store building is a

large hall, fitted up for lodge rooms, assemblages, etc.

The water facilities and fire system of the town are the best to be found
in any mining camp this side of the Rocky mountains, the water being piped
from natural springs located nearly two miles from the town, and conveyed
to tanks having a capacity of 1,500 barrels, situated at an elevation of about 350
feet on the hill east of the hotel, giving a pressure of about 240 pounds to the
square inch through a four-inch main, to 12 fire plugs located in different
parts of the town; and thereby securing for the town an almost complete
immunity from fire.

There has also been constructed an ice house and slaughter house, and, in
fact, nothing has been neglected in the way of making the town complete as
to conveniences for its inhabitants, as well as an illustration of what can be
(lone by applied energy and industry.

In the spring of '97, through the efforts of Colonel Dewey, a post office
was established, and the name of tlie town changed to "Dewey," in compliment
to its founder, and Mr. James Gartland, the genial accountant of the F. M. &
M. Co., and affable manager of the Hotel Dewey, received the appointment
of postmaster.

The town of Dewey is located at the base of Florida mountain, and in easy
distance of all the principal mining properties located on that mountain, and
is also the terminal point of the B. N. & O. R. R. Company, now in course
of construction.

Mr. Edward H. Dewey was l)orn in Silver City, Idaho, October 23, 1869.
Passed his boyhood days in Silver City, and in 1889, when twenty years of age,
was appointed superintendent of the Black Jack mines, by the Idafib and
Pittsburg Mining & Milling Company. In 1892 he was appointed superin-
tendent of the Trade Dollar mines by that company. At present Mr. Dewey is
tile superintendent of the Florida Mountain Mining & Milling Company, and
resides at Dewey. He was elected joint senator of Owyhee and Cassia coun-
ties for the term 1894-5, and took a leading part in the work of the third

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

session. He was married May 7, 1893, to Miss Sierra Nevada D'Orsay. Under
Mr. Dewey's management three of the finest quartz mills in Owyhee county
were erected, viz.: Black Jack, ten stamps; Trade Dollar, ten stamps; and
Florida Mountain, twenty stamps. ,

Edward H. Dewey.

James Gartland.

Mr. James Gartland is a native son of the Golden West, and was born in
San Francisco, California, April 15. 1873. He was educated in the public
schools of San Francisco, where, at an early age, he engaged in the stock-
brokering business. In June, 1896, he was appointed accountant with tlie
Florida Mountain Mining Company, which position he has creditably filled to
the satisfaction of the company, and on the opening of the Hotel Dewey he
was placed in charge of the hotel as manager, which position he still occupies,
and is well known to the traveling public as a talented and affable gentleman.
Mr. Gartland has also the entire management of the various buildings now in
course of construction at Dewey, and his artistic taste and judgment is mani-
fest to all those who have of late noted the improvements at the town of Dewey.

Mr. John Kelly, the natural vocalist and violinist, and his pupil, the Indian
prodigy, have arrived in Ruby City, and will give one of their entertainments
at the Magnolia this evening. — Avalanche, September 2, 1865.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 71

DEWEY DIRECTORY.

Austin, Charles, milk dealer and stables. Goodwin, John, miner.
Austin, J., mining. Gustavson, Andy, miner.

Babbett, T. D., civil engineer. Grover, Wes, stage driver.

Brunzell, Charles, mining F. M. M. Co. Holzmeyer, H., laborer.
Hrunzell, C. A., manager Brunzell's Hogan, Janus, miner,
saloon. HOTEL DEWEY,

iiRli.\ZEL.L., J. M., sii.. Colonel \V. H. Dewey, proprietor;

Saloon, also Reynolds. James Gartland, manager.

Crispen, Thomas, painter. Jensen, J., boarding house.

DEWKV. E. H., Martin. J. W., clerk Hotel Dewey.

Superintendent F. M. M. Co. ,, dm i i u . i n>

,^ „ Moon, B. M., clerk Hotel Dewey.

DEAVEV, COI.ONEI, AV. H., ti , , ^

T, , u ^ I i\ 1 iatsclieck. Otto, carpenter.

1 ropnetur riutel Dewey, and mine » ,,, . .

Price, A. W., mmmg.

owner. °

T-, 11 r» i • Queen, Ole K., residence Hotel Dcwcv.

Donnelly, Pete, mmer. it . -n r- ■

T- . 1 T T^ Keed, 1 nomas L., miner.

hriCKson, JL. v.. mining. r-, , t- .

Fi,ORil>A MOUIVTAIX HIINING CO., Slielton, Frank, teamster.

E. H. Dewey, superintendent. Stratton, Creed, millman.

GARTLAND, JAMES, Thomas. Robert, miner.

Postmaster, accountant and man- walker, Loi is w\,

ager Hotel Dewey. Barber shop.

Goodwin, James, miner. Wagner. F. W.. mining.

The Masons and Odd Fellows have selected and recorded a plat of ground
one hundred feet square for a cemetery for the use of the two orders. It lies
adjacent to the Ruby City graveyard. The committees are Gilmore Hays, G. C.
Robbins and O. H. Purdy. — Avalanche, November ii, 1865.

REYNOLDS CREEK.

Reynolds creek valley is located sixteen miles from Silver City and fifteen
miles from Snake river.

The earliest settlers were Thomas Carson, Joseph Babbington and James
C. Bernard, who located there in the spring of 1864. Since then tlie valley
has been rapidly settled, and numbers at present in population about 200.

The chief productions of the valley are hay, grain and fruit, which find a
ready market at the mining camps, and considerable attention is also given to
stock raising.

The post office, store, hotel and saloon is kept by Jan M. Brunzell, Sr.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

■M^-/af>:fi'illiigM'e'ii

J. M. Brunzell's Hotel, Reynolds.

The above view is no doubt a familiar one, to all those who have had
occasion to travel on the road from Silver City to the river, being the well-
known roadside resort of J. M. Brunzell, Sr., established in 1888; and very
few pass by without making a "social call" on "old John," who is at all times
on deck ready to serve his patrons.

Mr. Brunzell's property consists of 260 acres, of which 100 acres is under
cultivation, and which has yielded this season over 200 tons of hay and 1,300
bushels of grain. He has also on this property a thrifty young orchard of
hardy fruit trees, which promise well.

His buildings consist of hotel, post office, stables, barns, all of modern
and substantial construction, and the fact that those who have had occasion
to sojourn with him depart in a state of inmost contentment leads us to close
our description with the words of the celebrated poet, "nuf sed."

Mr. Marion More arrived here last night on the stage from Owyhee, with
600 pounds of bullion in seven bricks, from the Oro Fino and Morning Star
ledges. — Oregonian, November 28, 1864.

Divine service tomorrow at 10^30 a. m., in the sherifif's office. Rev.
Mr. Case officiates. Hard cases invited. — Avalanche, December 9, 1865.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

Shares' Stage House, Reynolds.

This well-known resort, familiar to the patrons of the C, O. & I. Stage
Company, as well as to the wayfaring public in general, was opened in April.
1877, by Charles E. Share, as a stage station and teamsters' headquarters, and
continued by him without interruption as such ever since.

The house, of modern and substantial construction, is beautifully located
in about twenty-five acres of orchard land, covered with hardy fruit trees, such
as apples, pears, apricots, plums, cherries, etc.

Mr. Share also owns about thirty-five acres, cultivated in timothy and
alfalfa, and his yield this season will amount to about 130 tons of hay.

The "Stage House" is the stopping station of the C, O. & I. Stage Com-
pany, and familiar and welcome to all those who have had the good fortune
to partake of the hospitalities of the worthy host and hostess.

Owyhee boys challenge the balance of the territory for a snow-shoe match,
any distance, for $1,000.00 to $2,000.00. We understand that parties have made
from the top of Florida mountain to Ruby in twenty-eight seconds. — Avalanche,
December 26, 1865.

Master Masons will observe by notice in another column that a Lodge
of Instruction has been formed in Silver City. — Avalanche, October 21, 1865.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

ISobles' Ranch, Reynolds.

The above view is an excellent representation of the home ranch of Mr.
Robert Noble, at Reynolds creek.

The ranch proper consists of about 800 acres, of which about 300 acres
are under cultivation, and the balance is used for grazing purposes.

Mr. Noble informs us that this ranch has yielded this season 400 tons of
hay, and 1,400 bushels of grain. He also owns several other ranches in the
county, on which he raises large quantities of hay and grain for his flocks, he
being the most prominent wool grower in this county, as well as in the state.

Dow. Vincent is going to stow away vegetables of all kinds in Silver City
for the winter. He will put up none but good ones, and will sell them at fair
prices. — Avalanche, October 28, 1865.

The "Half Way" is in full blast, and the weary traveler between Ruby and
Silver will be glad to know that the carrying of a flask is no longer a necessity.
— Avalanche, June 23, 1866.

The Owyhee market seems to remain farm — flour $30.00 per hundred, and
other things in proportion. No coal oil for sale at any of the stores. — Ava-
lanche, December 16, 1865,

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

McDonald's Freight Teams at Dev/ey.

The above view represents one of the famous freight teams belonging to
"Little Mac," consisting of fourteen horses, which hauled the machinery for
the mill of the Florida Mountain Mining Company, at Dewey, during the
summer of 1896.

The scene is at old Booneville, near Dewey, and is a memory of the place
as it existed before the maturity of the many improvements of Colonel \V. H.
Dewey, which now make Dewey one of the marvelous wonders of progress in
Owyhee county.

REYNOLDS DIRECTORY.

Adams, William, stock raiser.

BABBIIVGTON, JOE,

Ranch and stock raiser.
Baker, W. H., teamster.
Bernard, U. J., rancher.
Best, Henry A., ranch.
Bohlke, Gus, wood chopper.

Brunzell, A. G., superintendent Mc-
Donald's rancli.

Brunzell, Albert N., with J. M. Brun-
zell, Sr.

Brunzell, C. M., miner.

BRINZELL., J. M., SR.,

Postotlice, hotel and saloon.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Brunzell, Otto L., with J. M. Brun-

zcU, Sr.
Church, A. C, ranch hand.
Cook, George, rancher.
Cottle, Charles A., gardener.
Crook, William H., ranch hand.
Ellis, J. C, ranch.
Finlay, Alex, miner.
Fry, Samuel D., miner.
Graham, William, teamster.
Grubb, Thomas L., freighter.
HAMILTOX, WILLIAM,

Bookkeeper D. D. McDonald.
Henry, G. S., ranch.
Howard, Frank W., rancher.
Hughes, John, ranch hand.
JOHNSTON, C. C,

Rancher.
Johnson, C. H., ranch hand.
Johnson, C. S., carpenter.
Johnson, Chris., wood chopper.
Johnson, William, hostler.
Johnston, C, ranch.
Jordan, Michael, toll gate keeper.
Kaufman, Daniel J., ranch.
Kelleher, John, rancher.
Kerkham, George, teamster.
Lang, James A., blacksmith.
Larson, A. W., road contractor.
Larson, Oscar F., ranch hand.
Lee, James A., wood.

Lee, Oliver, wood.
Lincy, D. A., ranch.
McDonald, A. H., transfer manager D.
D. McDonald.

MeDONALD, D. D.,

Hotel, saloon, blacksmith, freighter

and rancher.
McDonald, William, rancher.
Milne, James, blacksmith.
Morgan, J. M., ranch.
Noble, John, Jr., with Robert Noble.
Noble, John, Sr., with Robert Noble.
NOBLE, ROBERT,

Rancher and wool grower.
Olsen, John, wood chopper.
Orr, David, ranch hand.
Pearson, John, ranch hand.
Peterson, Abe, stableman.
Pennana, John, wood.
Pratt, Charles, rancher.
Pratt, William, rancher.
Scott, Frank H., rancher.
Simmons, Charles F., ranch.

SHARE, CHARLES E.,

Stage Hotel.
Share, Hank, with C. E. Share.
Stanford, Lee A., rancher.
Wallace, C. H., ranch.
Walter, Williard, ranch.
Waylett, N. B., teamster.
Young, J. C, milk ranch.

Guffey is the present terminal point of the Boise, Nampa & Owyhee rail-
road, located at the Snake river, distant thirty miles from Silver City and one
mile below the railroad bridge of the B., N. & O. R. R. Co. The first building
was erected May 27, 1897, by Fred Brunzell, and the town now comprises
general store, express and post office, hotel, saloon, blacksmith shop, livery
stables, stage barns, boarding houses, etc., and enjoys a population of over 100,
with indications of a steady increase.

The railroad bridge at GufTey was completed by the Boise, Nampa &
Owyhee Railroad Company, last summer. The height from low water to top
of bridge is ninety-seven feet, and from low water to rail is fifty feet. The
spans, consisting of two, are 250 feet in length. The pier and abutments are

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 77

of concrete, sixty-seven feet high, sixteen feet wide, and thirty-eight feet nine
inches at the base.

Boise, Nampa tf Owyhee Railway Bridge across Snake Rlrer, Guttey.

GUFFEY DIRECTORY.

Anthony, Fred, teamster.

Barry & Phillips, freight line.

Barry, F. R., teamster.

Bell, John, miner.

Bergh, G. A., rancher.

Boise, Nampa & Owyhee R. R. Co.. J.

C. Lindsay, agent.
Bowie, J. B., with C. O. & I. Stage Co.
Bowman, John, teamster.
Brunzell. Alvin, livery stables.
BRUNZKLL, FREU,

Saloon and ferry.

C, O. & I. STAGE CO.,

J. C. Lindsey. agent.
Central Lumber Co., Hugii B. Latham,

agent.
Courtney. L. S.. with Barry & Phillips.
Davison. R. E.. proprietor Jerkwater

placer mines.
Eastman. II. P., miner.

F^.\I,K IIKOCK MKRCWTILE * FOR-

^^Alf^l^<; co..

Leon Spangler, manager.
French. John B., with C. O. fie I.
Stage Co.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Fritag, Ernst, laborer.
Gieday, James, teamster.
Gowan, A. L., (Gowan & Peed).
Gowan & Peed, blacksmiths.
Graham, William, teamster.
Grimes & Irby, livery stables.
Grimes, J., (Grimes & Irby).
Hamburg, Mrs. Kate, restaurant.
Hardie, George, miner.
Hawkins, A. H., miner.
Irby, George, (Grimes & Irby).
Kingsley, W. T., with F. B. M. &

F. Co.
Lackey, A. M., with Barry & Phillips.
Latham, Hugh B., manager Central

Lumber Co.

I.INOSEY, J. C,

Railroad, stage and express agent,

and postmaster.
Loftus, Andy, section foreman.
McGinty, John, railroad laborer.

McMillan, W., miner.
Matheson, Ed, saloon.
Pacific Express Co., J. C. Lindsey,

agent.
Pritchard, Daniel, with G. A. Bergh.
Querry, P., teamster.
Peed, O. H., (Gowan & Peed).
Ryan, Thomas, railroad laborer.
Smith, Ed, miner.
Smith, J. E., miner.
Smith, R., miner.
Spangler, Leon, manager Falk Block

M. & F. Co.
Stofiel, J. H., miner.
Stucker, A. J., blacksmith.
Waylett, N. B., teamster.
Welch, L. O., miner.
Wilson, W. W., laundry.
Yahrans, George, miner.
York, Charles, miner.
York, Melville, miner.

GRAND \IEV^,

Grand View post office is located on the south side of the Snake river, dis-
tant forty-five miles from Silver City and twenty-two miles from Mountain
Home. It is an outlet for a large scope of agricultural country, there being
several fine ranches in the back country and vicinity.

It is also the headquarters of the Owyhee Land & Irrigation Company,
who are the owners of a fine, substantial hotel and store, besides the ferry. Mr.
A. J. Wiley is the superintendent and chief engineer of the Owyhee Land &
Irrigation Company, and also holds the position of postmaster.

The earliest settlers were Captain White, John McVann, Wenzel Turmes
and Henry Dorsey.

The chief productions of the valleys and ranches bordering on the canal
are hay, grain and fruits, which are raised in large quantities, and considerable
attention is also given to placer mining along the banks of the Snake river.

BRUNEAU DAM.

Bruneau Dam is located on Bruneau river about one and five-tenths miles
above its mouth, and was constructed by the Owyhee Land & Irrigation
Company, under the supervision of Mr. A. J. Wiley, the superintendent and
engineer of that company. It consists of a rock-filled foundation twenty-five feet

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

liiRh, IQO feet wide on bottom, and i8o feet from side to side of canyon. Upon
this foundation is a crib dam, constructed of iron and timber, 176 feet long on
the crest, terminating at eacli end in vertical masonry abutments. At the
south side are the head gates of the canal, having an opening of forty feet in
width, and from this point the canal follows the contours about ten miles in
a westerly direction and at a distance of from one to two miles south of the
Snake river.

Dam and Head Gate O. L. £ I. Co., Grand VIch.

GRAND VIEW DIRECTORY.

Bell, Edward, laborer O. L. & I. Co.

Brown, John N., miner.

Cullen. Fred, rancher and stock raiser.

Cullen, Paul, Sr., rancher and stock
raiser.

Cullen, Paul, Jr., rancher and stock
raiser.

Carothers, Frank P., rancher and fish-
erman.

Chapman, George A., miner.

Clements, Joseph, miner.

Clififord, Daniel, miner.

Cole. Edward O., miner.

Davidson, William J., miner.

Erickson, Peter, miner.

Gregg, C. C fisherman.

Hale, Isaac G., miner.

Lawrence, Samuel H., rancher.

Lirscum. John, stock raiser.

Lottofi:', Larson, miner.

McPherson, William, miner.

McVann. John, rancher and stock raiser.

Mattoon, Thomas, miner.

Meegan. Cliarles. miner.

Mccgan, Henry, miner.

Melanathy, James W.

Melanathy. William, miner.

Nimms, Joseph, rancher.

80 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Oglesby, James, miner. Terrill, William A., miner.

Owyhee Land & Irrigation Co., A. J. Turmes, John, (Kaisner & Turmes),

Wiley, superintendent. Silver City.

Pearson, John, miner. Turmes, Louis, rancher.

Perry, John H., miner. Turmes, Wenzel, rancher.

Phay, M. H., miner. Wiley, A. J., superintendent and chief

Pourat, John M., miner. engineer Owyhee L. & L Co.

Shull, Perry, rancher. Wilson, William, laborer.

Snook, George A., manager hotel, Winter, James, miner.

store, postoffice and O. L. & L Co. Winter, John D., miner.
Shannon, John J., miner. Winter, Joseph K., miner.

BRUNEAU.

The Bruneau valley is located in the northeastern part of Owyhee county,
and is fourteen miles in length, its width varying from one to two miles. The
Bruneau river runs through the center of the valley, and empties into the Snake
river.

The earliest settlers were John Turner, Uncle Abe Roberson, James H.
Whitson and B. F. Hawes, who located here in the '60s. The prominent
ranches in the valley are those owned by John Turner, John Portlock, Harvey
Bros, and the T ranch, owned by Barney Horn.

Considerable fruit and grain is raised in the valley, but the principal pro-
duction is hay, of which about 10,000 tons is cut annually. There is also con-
siderable attention given to stock raising and wool growing, and the cattle
and horses produced in the valley compare favorably in quality with any
raised in the West.

The town of Bruneau contains a general store, hotel, post office, blacksmith
shop and saloon.

The climate is of mild and equable temperature, rarely reaching a point in
the vinicity of zero.

BRUISE AU DIRECTORY,

Adams, Robert, rancher. Black, James H., rancher and stock

Avetore, Antone, laborer. raiser.

BALZER, CHRIS., Black, J. F., rancher and stock raiser.

(Mitchell & Balzer). Black John S., rancher and stock raiser.

Benham, John, rancher. Black, Joseph R., rancher and stock

Benham, Richard, rancher and miner. raiser.

Bieroth, Samuel B., rancher and stock Buncell, Ben M.. rancher and black-
raiser, smith.

Black, Franklin G., rancher and stock Cook, John M., laborer,

raiser. Custer, William M., laborer.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 81

Davis, J., ranch. Owens, J., laborer.

Dunning, Dow, rancher. Pennington, Francis M., laborer.

iTarley, A. J., rancher and stock raiser. Pollard, Charles, rancher.

Harley, W. L., rancher and constable, porti-ock, JOHN,

Harvey Bros., rancher and stock raiser. Rancher and stock raiser.

flarvey, George, (Harvey Bros.). Portlock. H. S., rancher and stock

llarvcy, Joseph, (Harvey Bros.). raiser.

Ilarvev, Samuel. (Harvey Bros.). Ramsey, P., laborer.

I [awes, B. P., rancher and stock raiser. Richardson, M. P., laborer.

Hawes, Fletcher, rancher and stock Sears, William S.. ranch hand and real

raiser. estate.

Hiller, Fred, rancher. Schenck, William C. rancher and miner.

Holverson. Charles E., ranclicr and Stone, Eugene V.. rancher.

stock raiser. Stone, R. B., rancher.

Holverson. Henry, real estate. Tremmell, Frank O.. laborer.

Horn, Barney, proprietor T ranch, res- .,-^^^.^.^^^ ^.^^^^^ ^ ^^,^^^^

idence California. 'ITRMOR, .tohn,

Hosmer, Abner J., real estate. Rancher and stock raiser.

House, M. E.. blacksmith. . ^,^j^^ Joseph, manager T ranch.

Howard, John G.. mail carrier. WHITSON BROS.,

HYDE, DAVID B.. Ranchers and wool growers.

Postoffice, Justice of the Peace, ho- ,,^, ., y yj /-iin v u \

•' Whitson. J. B., (Whitson Bros.).

tel and ranch. WHITSON, JEFP D.,

Joyce Bros., ranchers and stock raisers. (Whitson Bros.).

Lovcridge, Ray, laborer. Wilkins Horse Co., stock raisers.

Leabo, Isaac J., laborer. iir-it • tit- t i * i

Wilkins, John E.. rancher and stock
McVANN, JOHN,

Rancher and stock raiser. raiser.

MiTCHELi. & BALZER, Wilkins. Miss Kittic, (Wilkins Horse

General merchandise. Co.V

Mitchell, John (Mitchell & Balzer). Wilkins. Samuel B.. rancher and stock

and rancher. raiser.

Nicely, Chris M., rancher. Wilson, H.. rancher and stock raiser.

Noble, Samuel P., wool grower. Wilson, Ida, school teacher.

Ornby, Jackson, manager Davis ranch. Wilson, V. H., miner.

At the top of the page following we present a view of the home farm of Mr.
John Turner, located in the beautiful valley of the Bruneau.

The farm consists of over 400 acres, beautifully shaded with poplars, ash.
maple, catalpas and box elders, and laid out in fine poplar walks, being abund-
antly watered by the Bruneau river, whicli courses throughout the center of the
farm.

Mr. Turner produces large quantities of hay and grain on this farm, and
his estimate of hay produced this season amounts to over 750 tons. Besides
this, he also has several fine, thrifty orchards on his property, which produce

82.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

John Turner's Ranch House, Bruneau Valley.

large quantities of marketable fruit, and also raises some of the finest cattle and
horses in the county, which command at all times top prices.

The residence is a modern one, substantially built and beautifully located
and sheltered, in the center of the farm.

/♦frs. Steve Rober son's Residence, Bruneau Valley.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

At the bottom of the opposite page is an excellent representation, taken
from the original photograpli, of the homestead of Mrs. Nettie Roberson,
widow of tlie late Steohen A. Roberson, son of Uncle Abe Roberson, an old
and respected pioneer of Owyhee county.

The property consists of about 300 acres, and is located in the center of the
beautiful valley of the Bruneau. being well shaded by poplar, ash, maple, walnut.
catalpas and fruit trees of various kinds, and being well watered by the Bruneau
ri\er, wliich takes its course througli the center of the property. The main
productions of the ranch are hay, grain, etc., and Mrs. Roberson informs us
that the yield this season amounts to 200 tons of hay. The place is also well
stocked with horses, cattle, sheep, etc.. and the residence is very picturesque.
Ijeing well built and painted white, .md presents a very pretty scene, nestled in
a background of green.

HOT SPRINGS.

Hot Spring district comprises the upper half of the beautiful valley of the
Bruneau, and takes its name from the innumerable hot springs, which are located
mainly on the ranches of the Robersons, Arthur Pence and Lewis & Olsen.

Hot Creek ana Falls, near Hot Springs Post Office.

The soil is extremely fertile, and abundantly watered by the Bruneau river,
and the ranches are noted not alone for their picturesque beauty but their large
productions of hay, cereals, fruits, etc.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

At the top of the valley, opposite the county bridge over the Bruneau river,
which was recently completed at a cost of about $2,000.00, is to be found the
well-known hostelry of Lewis & Olsen, comprised of Captain Lewis, the post-
master of Hot Spring, and Chris Olsen, the county commissioner of the third
district.

tiOT SPRINGS DIRECTORY.

Avery, George, ranch hand.

Blackstone, B., rancher and road con-
tractor.

Bridges, John W., rancher.

Coats, David, rancher and wool grower.

Coats, J. C, rancher and wool grower.

Crabb, Charles, rancher.

Crutcher, H. E., school teacher.

Dodge, Willis, rancher and freighter.

Duffield, Frank, capitalist.

Dunham, William, ranch hand.

Fisher, Joe, ranch hand.

Gray, John, wool grower.

Hailey & Bacon, wool growers.

Harris, A. M., rancher and stock raiser.

Hawes, Joseph, rancher and stock raiser.

Hewitt. Thomas, rancher.

Hewitt, William, ranch hand.

Hodge, Richard, ranch hand.

Houston, George, wool grower.

Hutchinson, Andrew, ranch hand.

Hutchinson, John, rancher and freight-
er.

Johnson, O. T., ranch hand.

Jones, John, rancher and stock raiser.

Lewis, J. S., (Lewis & Olsen).

USWIS & OLrSEN,

Hotel, postofifice and Hot Springs.
Lewis, W. F., rancher.

Loveridge, Albert, rancher and Snake

River ferry.
Nafie, P. J., laborer.

OLSEN, CHRIS.,

(Lewis & Olsen) and County Com-
missioner.
PENCE, ARTHUR,

Rancher and wool grower.
Ramsey, Champ, wool grower.
Ratcliff, Robert, rancher.
Roberson, Abram, rancher.
Roberson, Sanford, rancher.
ROBERSON, MRS. STEVE,

Rancher and wool grower.
Roberson. W. N., rancher.
Robertson, A. L., ranch hand.
Robertson, B. F., ranch hand.
Robertson. J. R., ranch hand.
Robertson, W. H., rancher.
Roker. John, teamster.
Strickland, J. L., rancher and Justice

of the Peace.
Strickland, W. R., rancher and stock

raiser.
Thomas, George, rancher.
Tregener, Frank, wool grower.
White, John, wool grower.
Whitson, J. T., rancher.
Wilson, R. S., clergyman.

OREANA.

The valley embraces Picket, Hart's and Catherine creeks, and is about fif-
teen miles long, varying in width from one to three miles, being well watered
by above mentioned creeks.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

The earliest settlers were James and Joiin Driscoll and Tim Shea, who
settled in the valley in the early '60s.

The main ranch in the valley is the Grayson ranch, consisting of about
1.500 acres, which, up to 1889. was owned by Mike Ilyde, and at one time
supi)()rte(l 15,000 head of cattle. It is now owned by George VV. Grayson &
Son, of San Francisco, Cal., and was originally located by Hart and others.
In 1884, Harry Olsen opened a hotel here, and named the place "Oreana" (an
nil bra II (led yearling).

Considerable grain and fruit is raised in the valley, but the main produc-
tion is hay, of wliich about 5,000 tons is cut anmiaily.

The post office was established in 1884, and for the past two years the
office has been lield by B. H. Hyde.

The town of Oreana, in the center of tiie valley, contains a general store.
post office, saloon, blacksmith shop and school.

Hardlman Brothers' Residence, Pickett Creek.

Hardiman Bros, are extensively engaged in stock raising, and were up
to recently one of the leading firms engaged in that line of business in the state.
Their home ranch, wliicii we present in the accompanying views (formerly
the Blackinger ranch), is located at Picket creek and consists of 240 acres, of
which about eighty acres are under cultivation, well shaded with poplar, Cot-
tonwood and Balm of Gilead trees, and well watered by Picket creek, which
meanders through the entire property.

The residence is a modern, substantial building of two stories, of recent
construction, and one of the most attractive buildings of its nature in the
county.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

They also have a large and thrifty orchard of about 200 trees, consisting
of nearly all the hardy varieties to be found in a well-cultured orchard.

Mr. William Hardinian also owns a fine ranch of about 200 acres, located
at Castle creek, mainly devoted to grazing, and the firm has also a large cattle
ranch at Boulder creek.

: Harttlman Brothers' Barn and Corrals, Pickett Creek.

The Hardiman brothers are well-known stock men in the stock markets
of the West, and have always shown themselves earnest and conscientious in
their endeavors to improve and advance the quality of cattle and horses in tht
county.

ORE A IS A DIRECTORY.

Aldrich, W. H., ranch.
Beggs, John, ranch hand.
Carothers, Frank, rancher.
Chitwood, Charles A., rancher.
Cowles, F. J., rancher.
Clenderson, Harvey, ranch.
Drown, John, mining.
Drown, Charles, mining.
Flemming, William, rancher.
Ford, Jerry, rancher.

Gofif, J. C, rancher.
Gofif, Charles, rancher.
Grayson & Co., G. W., ranch, M. M.
Krieg, Jr., manager.

HARDIMAN BROS.,

Ranchers and stock raisers.
H.^RDIMAN, PATRICK,

(Hardiman Bros.).
HARDIMAN, WILLIAM,

(Hardiman Bros.).

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. Si

Howe, E. C, ranch hand. Mowbray, Robert, wood.

Hyde, Ben H., (Hyde & Ulrich), post- Neiss, Frank, miner.

office and rancher. Neiss, J. E., salesman Hyde & Ulrich.

Jlyde & Ulrich, general iiKrchandise. Northrup, Rube, rancher.

Hyde, George W., rancher. OLSK\, HAIlRY,
Krieg, M. M., Jr., manager Grayson Rancher.

^^j^(.|^ Payne, William, rancher.

Lambert, H. L., rancher. Penrose, Thomas, rancher.

Linehan, Patrick, rancher. Pichette, George, rancher.

McPhcrson, W. E., miner. Ulrich, E. M.. (Hyde & Ulrich).

McPheters, William, ranch. Ulrich, George, rancher.

Miller, R. L., ranch. Warner, Charles A., saloon.

CASTLE CREEK.

Castle creek valley is about fifteen miles long and one to two miles in
width, and is well watered by Castle creek.

The earliest settlers were Captain G. W. Paul, M. H. Presby, Pres. Cooper
and W. H. Barnes.

The valley is devoted to stock raising and farming, the hay crop amount-
ing to about 2,000 tons annually.

CASTLE CREEK DIRECTORY.

IIRUCE, GEORGE W., Hamilton, William, mining.

(Owyhee Meat Co.), and ranch. n.\Kni>iA\ iiuos..
Bruce, Samuel, rancher. Ranchers and stock raisers.

COOPER, r. S., HE\nERSO\. JAMES.

Raiulur. Hotel and ratich.

Cooper, W. H., rancher. Henderson, John, saloon.

Cooper, William, stock. Henderson. Mrs. M., postoflice and
Cooper, Roy, rancher. store.

Devine, Miss Maggie, rancher. Hennesy, Martin, ranch hand.

Doyle, Thomas, rancher. Kelly, J. P.. rancher.

Evans, Andrew, mining. Kelly, P. J., rancher.

Evans. John, horses. Lambert, Captain, placer mine.
Evans, William D., ranch and wool Lancran, John, rancher.

grower. Lee, John, ranch hand.

Fisk. J. W., camp tender. McDonough, D. L., rancher.

Foreman, T. A., rancher. Mc]\Lihon. William, vaquero.

Goodman, A. J., rancher. March. William, ranch hand.

Goodman, John M., rancher. Miller, William, ranch hand.

Gudger, Frank, sheep shearer. Palm, W. H. H., school teacher.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

PATJL, CAPTAIN G. W.,

Rancher.
Presby, Mrs. M. H., rancher.
Rogers, Joe, camp tender.
Spencer, D. H., saloon.

Sawyer, Joseph, ranch hand.
TOY, WILLIAM,

Rancher and stock raiser.
Victor, WiUiani, rancher.

SINKER CREEK,

Gitmorc's Ranch, on Sinker Creek

The above view is an excellent representation of the most pictuic:sque
ranch in Owyhee county, the property of Mr. George W. Gilmore.

This ranch is located in Sinker canyon, and consists of i6o acres, beauti-
fully shaded with some of the tallest and healthiest poplars to be found in
the county, and is also covered with a sturdy growth of bircli, locust and
cottonwoods, and well watered by the Sinker creek, which courses throughout
the entire property.

Mr. Gilmore has about thirty acres under cultivation, mainly in alfalfa
and vegetables.

He also has a young and thrifty orchard of about 400 trees, consisting
of all the hardy varieties of fruit, and equal in bearing qualities to any orchard
of a similar nature in the state. The annual yield of this orchard is a heavy
one and a source of good income to the proprietor.

Mr. Gilmore has also some choice horses and cattle, which rank in quality
as high as any in the county.

OWYHEE COL'XTV, IDAHO.

SINKER CREEK DIRECTORY.

Crocheron, George, rancher.
Crochcron, John, stock raiser.
CROCIIKIION, J. H.,

Rancher.
Dupont, Modesto, rancher.
Gihnore, Georfje H.. rancli liaiid.
GII.^IOKK. (MOOUOK \\.,

Rancher.
Guilleminot, FeHx. rancher.
Joyce. James, randier and stock raiser.
Joyce. John, r.inclier ami stock raiser.
Joyce. Alattiiew, ranclier and stock

raiser.

Joyce, Koherl, randier and stock raiser.
I.AMIIKIIT, <l. F.,

Kaiicher.
Latta, Robert, ranch hand.
Ij'diow, Fred, ranch liand.
.Mattiiews. J., rancher.
Miller. Rnfiis. miner.
Morrison, Fred W., rancher.
Morrison, Simon, randier.
Prater, James, rancher.
Pan), Mrs., rancher.
Rubens, Jake, rancher.
Smith. Warren D.. ranch liand.

ENTERPRISE.

u ttm uH t um t f m.anaf

J. C. Bernard's Residence, on the bank ot Snake Rher.

The above view is an excellent representation of the Ferry House, located
at Snake river, and owned by James C. Bernard.

The original house was erected in 1882, at a cost of five thousand dollars,
and was totally destroyed by fire, including furniture, in October, 1887.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Though the loss was a severe one, Mr. Bernard was not easily discouraged.
and at once commenced to rebuild, erecting a fine, substantial building, the
view of which we present to our readers. Mr. Bernard also owns 500 acres
of land contiguous to the Ferry House, on which is laid dut two fine orchards,
consisting of over 1,000 hardy fruit trees.

He informs us that his ranch this season has yielded 400 tons of hay,
1,000 Inishcls of grain and 500 bushels of potatoes. He also owns 360 acres
of land at Reynolds creek, adjoining Mr. Robert Noble's property, which has
yielded this season 250 tons of hay, there being 150 acres under cultivation,
the balance being used for grazing purposes.

Bernard's Ferry across Snake River.

We present to our readers an excellent view of the ferry boat at Central
Ferry, Snake river, owned by James C. Bernard, a well-known and respected
pioneer of this county.

Owing to the gigantic strides of civilization in this part of the country,
and the fact that within a short time the sound of the locomotive will echo
throughout the canyons of Owyhee, we have been impelled to preserve this
view of "pioneer times," feeling assured that it will prove of historical interest
to those who are destined to take our places when we have passed away.

This ferry was established by Mr. Bernard in 1882, and is located thirty-
two miles from Silver City, twenty miles from Caldwell and fifteen miles

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

from Nainpa, and is the most direct route to any of the above - mentioned
points. All of the roads leading direct to the terry have been constructed.
steadily improved and kept in condition by Mr. Bernard at his own private
expense.

&y»e/i.v' Hot Spring Resort, Enterprise.

The above is a view of the "Snake River Hot Springs." which are
beautifully located on a bend of the Snake river closely adjoining the Warm
Si)rings ferry, located thirty-hve miles from Silver City and fifteen miles
from Caldwell, easily accessible from all parts of the county.

The property embraces 154 acres, beautifully shaded by poplars and fruit
trees of various kinds, and the springs consist of one large thermal swimming
pool 16x40 feet, strongly impregnated with iron, magnesia, sulphur and other
health-giving properties. This pool is covered by a fine, substaiuial building
of 24x52 feet, with private rooms and conveniences for the accommodation of
the patrons.

The smaller spring is located about 800 yards from tlu- lintol, and contains
the same ingredients as the larger pool.

The hotel is admirably kept by Mrs. M. R. Givens. and the table abund-
antly furnished with all the delicacies of the season. The springs has a large
patronage, and is a great resort during the summer season for private picnic
parties, and the waters have been highly recommended by the leading physi-
cians of the state, and have proved of great benefit to all those afflicted by
rheumatic, cutaneous and nervous disorders.

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

ENTERPRISE DIRECTORY.

Arvidson, John, rancher; also Arvidson

& Peterson, De Lamar, Idaho.
Bauchman, Fred, rancher.
Bernard, C. B., with J. C. Bernard.
BERNARX), J. C,

Central ferry, rancher and stock

raiser.
Brooks, John VV., rancher.
Bruce, John, sheep.
Buchmiiler. George, Noble ranch.
Cox, Alf, ranch hand.
Cox, Professor II., rancher.
Gardner, Charles, rancher.
Gardner, Rube, rancher.
Garrison, C. B., opal mine.
Gifford, R. J., with J. C. Bernard.
Givens, M. R., rancher.
Givens, Mrs. M. R., proprietor Snake

River Hot Springs.
Gustavson, John, rancher.
Haney, O. H., with D. L. Williams.
Holberg, Alvin, rancher.
Holberg, Fred, rancher.
Holberg, Nels P., rancher.
Jones, J. J., miner.

Keith, James, sheep.
Keith, John, sheep.
Keith, Joseph, sheep. •
Nelson, Carl, cattle dealer.
Nelson, Rudolf, rancher.
Nemonic, John, miner.
Newell, George, sanitarium.
Pratt, Henry M., with J. C. Bernard.
Price, Marsh, Sommer camp ranch.
Pryor, James, with J. C. Bernard.
Richards, John P.. rancher.
SCHISTER, FRANK,

Rancher.
Shafer, A. A., with D. L. Williams.
Shirley, Harrison F., rancher.
Shirley, Othello T., rancher.
Shirley, Tim, rancher.
Smith, John, ranch hand.
Smith. Perry B., rancher.
SNAKE RIVE;R HOT SPRINGS,

Mrs. M. R. Givens, proprietor.
Stewart, Wilson, miner.
Wagner, John, rancher.
Webb, Harry W., ranch hand.
Williams, David L., postmaster and

Warm Springs ferry.

ROCKVILLE DIRECTORY.

Blackstock, Adam, wool grower.
Blackstock, Herbert, wool grower.
Blackstock, Joseph, wool grower.
Brewster, J. C, rancher.
Bruce, John, wool grower.
Christensen, William, station keeper.
Drennan, John, wool grower.
Geise, Albert, sheep herder.
Gillcnwater, J. F., wool grower.
GrafT, Cal., wool grower.
Graff, William, wool grower.

Hammond, William, sheep herder.
Keith, James, wool grower.
Keith, John, wool grower.
Marsh, A. J., sheep herder.
Monahan, Joseph, cattleman.
Moss, Robert, hostler.
Philpot, Marion, buckaroo.
Sands, Mrs. A. J., ranch.
Sinclair, George, sheep herder.
IIPHAM, W. H.,

Postmaster and hotel.
Wilson, William, sheep herder.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

PLEASANT VALLEY DIRECTORY.

Ascuenga, A. B., ranclicr and woo
grower.

IIKERS, W. P.,

Stock raiser, (Beers & Colburn),
De Lamar.

Bissett, W. P., stock raiser.

Brown, J. C, (Brown & Sampson, Sil-
ver City).

Clegg, J. T., stock raiser.

Clegg, Philip, stock raiser.

Davey, B. B., laborer.

Daly, William H., laborer.

Denny, Abr., horses.

Denny, J. J., stock raiser.

Diesenroth, Peter, stock raiser.

Driscoll, Dennis, stock raiser.
Glass, George, stock raiser.
Glass, S., stock raiser.
Grogan, Peter, stock raiser.
Gusman, J., stock raiser.
Knight, Syd, stock raiser.
Maher, W. H., stock raiser.
Newell. Joseph, stock raiser.
O'Keefe. Arthur, rancher.
O'Keefe, .A. \.. stock raiser.
Quale, William, miner.
Shea, Jerry, rancher and stock raiser.
Sharp, I. W., stock raiser.
Young, R. T., stock raiser.

DAIRY DIRECTORY.

.A.zvedo. Joe. herder. Drummond. .Arthur M.. stock raiser.

Azvedo, Manuel, ranch and stock raiser. Druniniond, George, laborer.

Bissctt, Austin, ranch and stock raiser. Rickard, Wes, stock raiser.

Childs. William H., trapper. Shea, David, stock raiser.

Curtis. James, stock raiser. SU^,, j^^ herder.

Curtis. William, stock raiser. ^.,^;^_ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^-^^^^

Deakin, Charles M., stock raiser. „,. ,,■ t-v i •

_ -. , , . Wmters, W . D., stock raiser.

Deary, Jacob, stock raiser.

THREE CREEK.

Three Creek is located in tlie southeastern portion of the county, about
fifty miles south of the Snake river. On account of its elevation, there is but
little attention given to farming, but it is specially adapted to stock raising,
and is thickly settled by stock men.

The first location was made in the '/Os by Joe Scott, of Miles City. Mont.,
who gave the country the name of "71." it being the number of the first
range located, and the brand adopted by Scott in branding his cattle.

The principal stock company in this section is the Sparks-Harrell Com-
pany, of Visalia, Cal., who, for their untiring attention to the improvement

HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

of the quality of their cattle, which embrace a large number of thoroughbreds,
deserve great praise.

The general store is carried on by C. B. Faraday, who is also the post-
master of the district.

THREE CREEK DIRECTORY.

Axe, C. E., laborer.
Axe, Homer, herder.
Axe, H. D., stage driver.
Beaton, Neil, sheep.
Bowers, Joe, vaquero.
Bracket, A. H., sheep.
Bratten, J. M., sheep.
Caudle, Noah W., cattle.
Chisholm, James, vaquero.
Conover, G. G., horses.
Cotton. O. E., herder.
Crutchfield, Aaron, cattle.
Crutchfield, J. E., cattle.
Davis, P. B., laborer.
Duncan, G. T., cattle.
Dunn, S. C, cattle.

FARADAY, C. B.,

Postof^ce, store, etc.
Hewett, Thomas, cattle.
Higgins, Thomas, herder.
Hodge, William, Jr., horses.
Hodge, William, Sr., horses.
Lawson, H. D., cattle.

Lower, Harry, cattle.

McKenzie, William, herder.

Marlatt, Grover, cattle.

Mauldin, Lee, horses.

Aloore, George, horses and cattle.

Owens, Lyte, cattle.

Patrick, George, cattle.

Pence, John, sheep.

Ramsey, Champ, sheep.

Reynolds, Allen, herder.

RifTe, Stephen, herder.

Roberts, Wesley, herder.

Rogerson, Andrew, sheep.

Ross, Frank, horses.

Rosvear, John, cattle.

Smith, Shirley, cattle.

Sparks, Harrell Co., (Visalia, Cal.),

cattle.
Stanfield, J. M., cattle.
Stewart, Harry, cattle.
Templeman, J. D., mason.
Tellis, W. B., cattle.
Walters, W. H., cattle.

WAYLAND.

Little valley, in which the post ofifice district of Wayland is Ideated, was
settled in the spring of 1883 by R. M. Stone.

The valley is twelve miles in length, and is fed by the waters of Jack and
Wickahoni creeks.

The main production is hay, but the soil is also well adapted for garden
fruits and cereals.

WAYLAND DIRECTORY.

Connor, John B., rancher and wool Dunning, Dr. J. W., rancher.

grower. Keifer, Eugene, rancher.

Craig, George, rancher. Montgomery, Claude, rancher.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO.

Pennington, Mrs. G. W., postoffice.
Pennington, G. W., rancher.
Pliillips, M. T., randier.
Purjue, Frani<. rancher.

Stone, August W., rancher.
Stone. R. M., rancher.
Turner, William I., rancher.

WICK A HON Y DIRECTORY.

Runcel. Ben, rancher. Riddle, George, rancher.

Buncel. C. L., rancher. i\iddle, Grant, rancher.

Clark. Lafayette, rancher. Riddle, U. D.. rancher.

Dunning, Dow. postoffice and rancher. Roberts. George, rancher.

Harvey. Joseph, rancher. Ryan. William, rancher.

Heller. Fred, rancher. Stone, .'\. W., rancher.

Job, John, rancher. Stone. Dick, rancher.

Marchbanks, Joe, rancher. Tindall, William J., rancher.

Riddle, Frank, rancher. Wilson, Hobart, rancher.

^^^v

^ 1

^^^^^^I^EEffi*' tft^^^l

w- ^^K vS^^I

JJH-MAffHf*. OfMVtt

Date Adams.

Peter Adams.

Joseph Bablnston.

Chaiincev D. Bachelor.

THE MEV/ YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LEWOX
TILDEN ?0Ui^DAT10N

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF PIONEERS.

ADAMS, DAVE, was born in Darwin, Clark county, Illinois, in the year
1843. Emigrated, with an uncle, to Pocahontas, Arkansas, in 1857. Left the
uncle a year or so afterward and went to Fort Smith, in that state. T'lere he
started in to learn the printer's trade. Worked a year or so as "devil" in an
oflice there, and then went to the Indian Territory for a short time, locating
finally at Sherman, Texas, where he worked in printing offices until the fourth
day of IMarch, 1861. On that memorable day in American history, the day
on which Lincoln took his seat in the presidential chair for his first term, when
states were seceding from the Union and war clouds were gathering, he joined
a party whose sympathies were with the North, and, with mule teams, went
to Chihuahua, Mexico, thence to Arizona, and, late in the fall of that year,
landed in Watsonville, Santa Cruz county, California. Here he worked at his
trade until 1864, when he enlisted ia the army— iu-.Company A, Eighth infan-
try, California Volunteers, and served. :UiUil the -.end -of th'p war, being stationed
most of the time at Fort Point, StfW.FraijdscD.-ahd/the niouth of the Columbia
river. Was discharged at the Presidio in 1865. Remaiiied in California until
the next spring, when he drove & horse team, loaded with flour, to Humboldt
county, Nevada. Here he engaged'in various occopations, among which were
"keeping station," operating pac'k""traTns"'and"Burning' charcoal for smelting
companies, until the spring of 1868, when, in company with seven or eight
others, he walked from that point, through a portion of Oregon, to Silver City,
Idaho, a distance of nearly 300 miles. The greater portion of that summer was
c,pent as a laborer on a farm in Snake river valley, known as the Ike Jennings
ranch, on Catharine creek, and now known as Oreana. That fall he was
eniployed with a government surveying party— surveying township lines and
subdividing on both sides of Snake river, between Walter's Ferry and the
mouth of the Bruneau river. After being discharged at Boise City late that
fall, he returned to Silver City, and soon afterward went to work on the Tidal
Wave, a newspaper then being published by the Butler brothers. Quit the
office in July of the next year (1869) and went on a prospecting tour into the
Sawtooth, or Salmon river, mountains, in company with a man by the name of
Henry H. Knapp, a printer and assayer. That fall the famous Loon creek
placer camp was discovered, and the subject of our sketch and his partner were
the first men on the ground besides the discoverers. They located several
claims, and, as a town was soon started, they took in another man (M. A.
Wentworth) as a partner; built some houses; bought in a stock of general
merchandise on pack animals from Boise Basin, and started a store, and
soon afterward started an express line between Loon creek and Idaho City— a
distance of about one hundred and forty miles; carrying mail and express
matter on horseback during the summer months, and on snowshoes in the
winter time. Flour sold as high as fifty cents per pound. The charge for
taking out or bringing in letters was fifty cents each; newspapers, fifty to

98 . HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

seventy-five cents; magazines, one dollar, and small packages in proportion.
No work could be done that first winter, and, supposing that everybody in
camp had a bonanza, Dave (as he was then, and had always been, familiarly
called) and his partners sold out their goods to the miners on credit. The
next spring, when mining operations commenced, it soon became apparent
that the rich ground was not extensive. The miners could not make their
claims pay expenses. Consequently they could not pay their bills contracted
during the previous winter, and the firm of Adams, Knapp & Wentworth
was "broke." That fall (1870) Adams went to Boise City and again assumed
the role of a typo. In 1871 he again returned to Silver City and engaged
in mining on War Eagle mountain for a few months, when he got a situation
on the Avalanche, then published by W.J. Hill, continuing thus employed until
July, 1874. Then, being in poor health, he went to San Francisco and other
coast towns in California. Speculated unsuccessfully in mining stocks and
returned again to Silver City about the first of July, 1876. Went to Boise
City a few days later and took a situation on the Statesman, as foreman; the
paper being published at that time by Judge Kelly. The next year, however
(1877), he returned once more to Silver City, and worked one year on the
Avalanche for Major Hay. The winter of 1878-79 was spent in an unprofitable
mining venture on War Eagle mountain, but in the spring and summer of
1879 engaged in successful speculations in and about Silver City, and in October
of 1880, in partnership with Guy Newcomb, he purchased the Avalanche plant
from Major J. S. Hay. In May, 1882, he disposed of his interest in the
Avalanche to Charles M. Hays. From the editorial tripod he entered other
linf.s of trade, purchasing the Silver City iron foundry, engaging in the wood
I'usiness and speculating in real estate, which he followed for several years.
The foundry, which he still owns, was operated up to 1886. In the winter
of 1884-5, Mr. Adams represented Owyhee county in the territorial legislature.
In 1889, in partnership with Ira S. Allen, he opened a furniture store on Wash-
ington street, but in 1892 a full line of general merchandise was put in and the
furniture closed out. The same year his partner, Mr. Allen, absconded. Mr.
Adams is now sole owner of and conducts the largest mercantile establishment
and business in Owyhee county. His fine store room, in Granite block, is 40x70
feet, and practically fireproof. He also owns two warerooms in the same
block, and several other houses in different parts of the town. He is local
agent for both the Hercules and Safety-Nitro powder companies, of California,
handling three carloads of powder in 1897. Also superintendent of the Morn-
ing Star Gold Mining & Milling Company.

Silver City not having banking facilities, the deficiency has been supplied
for several years past by Mr. Adams, in the way of buying and issuing checks,
receiving deposits, etc. For the year 1897 this branch of business (checks
cashed and remitted to the Boise National Bank) has amounted, in exact
figures, to $237,619.84. and has been of inestimable convenience to the mining
companies operating here, as well as to the general public.

The foregoing sketch of Mr. Adams' life, while barely touching the pass-
ing changes and experiences of the same, will show to the rising generation
rhe possibilities of reaching honored and successful positions in life, however
humble the beginning may be. He very often met with discouraging reverses,
and suffered innumerable hardships, but, with an energy that knew not fatigue.

James Beaton.

Abel A. Berg.

r- ^'a^,i !i y;i.."" I !" ' .. ' ." '.y ;- ' M'»Jf- ' ! ' .: J.':"!. !' ■<;., ;»jj

James C Bernard.

Valentine Blachlnger.

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 99

.111(1 willi in(!i)ir;i;il;lc pluck .iml perseverance, he solved tlie problem and is
now enjoying the reward.

ADAMS, MR. PETER, was born in Dunkirk, New York, in February.
iS.^-. In 1.S64 lie crossed the j)lains to California, and came to Idaho in 1866.
Mr. Adams is a carpenter and niillwrip;Iit by trade. From 1S74 to 1878 he was
cnga.trcd in tlie furniture business in Silver City. In 1876, in partnership with
Mr. r. W. Jones, he erected a custom quartz mill at Wagontown. For the
past fifteen years Mr. Adams has followed mining, and is the owner of the
valuable Garfield group of mines at Wagontown. These properties are opened
by fully 3,000 feet of tunnels, and were the first to ship ore over the Oregon
Short Line railway after its completion.

BABINGTON. MR. JOSEPH, was born near Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,

August 22, 1837. \\'liLn at an early age. his parents settled in Illinois, and
subsequently in Iowa. In 1862 he crossed the plains, settled at La Grande,
Oregon, and engaged in farming. On March 11, 1864, he located at Reynolds
crerk, being one of the earliest settlers in that locality. He kept the stage
st.Uior. near Reynolds up to 1871, and subsequently was ranching about nine
miles from Silver. Of late y^ars has perjufiuentb' resided at Reynolds, engaged
in stockraising and farming. •""■"''.,, , -.••5'.', ■

BACHELER, MR. CHAUNCEY DARWIN, was born at Osceola, Liv-
ingston county. Michigan, December 8. 183&.- Was brought up on a farm,
and left home February 14, 1854. bound for California by way of the isthmus,
and arrived at San Francisco March 25, 1854. He mined in the Secret ravine
diggings, in Placer county, until 1861. when he left there for Virginia City,
where he remained until the spring of 1864. when he struck out for Owyhee
county, reaching that place March 10, 1864. He first located a ferry on the
Owyhee river, and in 1865 opened a livery stable at Ruby City, which he
carried on for about two years. In 1867 he located a ranch in Jordan valley,
vvliich he disposed of in 1869, made a trip home to Michigan, and returned
in 1870, and located the Goose ranch, in Jordan valley. In 1879 he disposed
of this ranch and purchased the Trout creek station, which he continued until
1882, when he located at Camp Three Forks, where he engaged in the ranch
and dairy business, and in i8qi he moved to De Lamar, where he at present
resides, engaged in dairy business and teaming.

In 1876 he w;is married to Miss Martha E. Corp.

While ranching in Jordan valley in 18^17. and on his way to Silver City with
a load of hay, he was attacked by a band of Piutes and shot in the side, the ball
passing through his elbow, but was rescued by a friend, who carried him to
shelter. The wound was a serious one. and he still suffers at this late date
from the effects of it.

Mr. Bacheler is a crack shot and an old Indian fighter. He participated
in the Jordan fight in Owyhee canyon, and since that date has had the felicity
of accidentally transporting many a red devil to the "happy hunting grounds."

0^746

100 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

BEATON, MR. JAMES, was born in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, June 30,
1826. Left Scotland at the age of twenty-one for Canada, where until 1863
he was engaged in bush farming. Was for several years engaged in engineer-
ing in various parts of the United States, and finally brought up in Silver City,
in 1872, since which date he has resided here, engaged in engineering, mining
and prospecting.

He is well known to the residents of Owyhee county by his sobriquet of
"Scotty Beaton."

BEGGS, MR. JOHN, was born in the County Tipperary, Ireland, June
21, 1823. Left Ireland in 1844, and worked as machinist in the Morgan Iron
Works (New York city) up to 1864, when he went to San Francisco, and in
the following year was engaged in mining in Idaho at Boise basin. Arrived
in Silver City in 1868, and up to 1873 was engaged in mining, and since that
date has been most of the time ranching.

BERG, MR. ABEL A., was born near Arvika, Sweden, on December
19, 1846. At an early age he followed the sea, until 1871, when he left Sweden
for America, arriving at Sacramento, California, in the latter part of 1871. He
worked on a ranch and in a beet sugar factory until the following year, when
he struck out for Idaho, and landed at Silver City December 27, 1872. Since
then he has been engaged in mining and prospecting, and has worked in all
the prominent mines on War Eagle and Florida mountains. He is the prin-
cipal owner of the Lone Tree group, located in close proximity to the Trade
Dollar mines, his partners being Messrs. Quinlan, Regan and Hays. He also
owns other good mining properties on Florida mountain.

Mr. Berg is a member of the I. O. O. F. and Miners' Union of Silver City.

BERNARD, MR. JAMES CHARLES, was born on Prince Edward
island, November 25, 1842. He emigrated at the early age of four years, with
his parents, to Iowa county, Wisconsin. His schooling was limited, and in
his early manhood he became a raftsman on the Wisconsin river. In the
spring of 1862 he crossed the plains with an ox team, and reached Powder
River valley, Oregon, August 28, 1862. Wintered at Auburn, Oregon, and in
the spring of 1863 he went to Centerville, Idaho, where he was engaged in
mining, and, subsequently, packing between Umatilla landing and Idaho City.
During the following winter he was snowbound at La Grande, Oregon, and
when the spring opened he loaded fourteen packhorses with provisions and
crossed the Snake river, bound for Ruby City, which he reached in March, 1864,
and sold his outfit at high prices, realizing seventy-five cents per pound for
flour, bacon and beans. He then engaged in ranching at Reynolds creek,
until 1866, when he ran a hack-wagon at Silver City, and subsequently went
to Boise City, where he engaged in farming and teaming. In 1867 he pur-
chased the Lytle ferry, four miles above the well-known Central ferry, which he
established five years later. Simultaneously he ran a stage line in connection
with his ferry, and subsequently disposed of both stage line and ferry to the
opposition line. He then engaged in ranching at Upper Reynolds creek, and
in 1882 established the Central ferry.

Robert Bruce.

Frederick Briin\i-ll.

J. /*f. Briiiucll. Jr.

,M(s. Josephine *1 . Brun/ell.

TKE NEV/ YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTQK, i.(:-.NCX
TILOKIS F'.a v.OATION

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 101

He served a term as school trustee, and lield tlie position of postmaster at
Central Ferry for nine years, resigning and declining same in i8y6, after
which the ofi'ice was abolished.

BLAKE, MR. F. W., was born in Boston, July 24, 1828. He went to
California in 1S52, sdtling in W'eaverville, and engaging in tlie assaying busi-
ness, and subsequently moved to Unionville, Nevada, where he opened an
assay office, and was married to Miss Sarah Meador, of that place. In 1866
he came to Silver City, and was engaged .as assayer for all the principal
mines and mills in this locality. He erected the granite block on Washington
street, now occupied by Dave Adams, and took a very active interest in the
affairs of the county generally. In 1873 he left with his family for New York,
remaining there until 1875, when he returned to the coast, locating at Pres-
cott, Arizona, where he engaged in banking and assaying, and also as agent
for Wells, Fargo & Company's express, and served one term as mayor of Pres-
cott. His death occurred August 2, 1895, at Prescott, Arizona, and his widow
and only son (a native of Silver City) still reside at Prescott, where his son
carries on his father's business.

BLAKE, WILLIAM J., was born in New Hampshire, October i, 1831,
and died at Silver City July ^i., , i8^.__^He^_left Boston for San Francisco in
1849, under engagement as clerk few the TrveJl-kn'avvn tea importers, Macondray
& Company, and subsequently jetigagedr ^41^ t-he. express business in San Fran-
cisco. Subsequently he was recorder al'Austih, Nevada, and in 1871 went to
Silver City as bookkeeper fof Gar.dtvcr. & Company,' which position he held
till the time of his death. Wa's a brother of: the late ■ H. W. Blake, and of Mrs.
T. J. Butkr. of Prescott, Arizona. '' -■

BLACKINGER. MR. VALENTINE, was born in Bavaria, May 11. 1825.
and died at Boise, Idaho, of Bright's disease, on June 4, 1892. At 14 years
of age he emigrated to the United States and located at BufTalo, N. Y. In 1862
lie crossed the plains with his family, first locating at Auburn, Or., but the
following year came to Owyhee and engaged in the butcher business at Ruby
City, Silver City and Boonevillc. About the same time he opened a grocery
store in Rul)y City. Mr. Blackinger erected one of the first frame buildings
in Ruby, the lumber for the same being "whip-sawed" and costing $350.00 per
1,000 feet. In the spring of 1864, his family came on from Auburn and joined
him. Mr. Blackinger conducted at one time the Golden Chariot mine board-
ing house and a restaurant in Silver City. In 1869 he purchased the W'ar Eagle
hotel from Way & Mayes, running the same until 1878. when he sold to
John Crete. In 1870 he embarked in the cattle business, with a tine hay ranch
on Pickett creek (now known as the Hardiman ranch), he selling out his
stock interests to Hardiman Bros, in 1878. After disposing of his various
interests in Owyhee county, he removed to Boise, where he engaged in business
until the Wood river excitement in 1881, at which time he located at Bellevuc
and opened a meat market. On December 3, 1887, his wife and helpmeet died,
and the following year he closed his Bellevue business and returned to Silver
City. He resided here about a year and then visited Seattle and other coast
points, returning to Boise, where he resided with his daughter, Mrs. T. Regan,

102 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

up till the time of his death. He left a family of five children, four daughters
and a son. The former are all married to wealthy and influential men and
reside at Boise, as follows: Mrs. Hosea B. Eastman, Mrs. John D. Springer,
Mrs. Timothy Regan, and Mrs. M. A. Regan. The son, Frank, is unmarried
and resides in Silver City. Mr. Blackinger was a Mason, being in the order for
over forty years prior to his death.

BRUCE, MR. ROBERT, was born in Ireland in 1842. He came to
Owyhee county in 1864, and engaged in mining and subsequently stock raising,
in which latter business he continued up to the time of his death. In October,
1892, he met with a fatal accident, by being thrown from his wagon while on
his return from Silver City, to his ranch at Castle creek. His leg was fractured
badly, and necessitated double amputation, but he sank steadily under the
shock, and died at De Lamar, April 22, 1895. Was buried by the I. O. O. F.
at Silver City, of which fraternity he was an honored member.

BRUNZELL, MR. FREDERICK, was born at Charlottenburg, Sweden,
September 27, 1833. Left Sweden in 1855, crossing the isthmus, and arrived
in California in the early part of that year. Mined in the placers near Hang-
town for several years, and in 1863 followed the tide of immigration to Idaho,
and opened a mercantile business at Boise basin, which he moved in the follow-
ing year to Silver City. Continued in mercantile business at Silver City
until 1877, when he retired, and was residing at Boise City until the opening of
Gnfifey, when he opened business there, being a pioneer of that place and having
erected the first building at that point.

Mr. Brunzell is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and held a term as
county commissioner in the early history of the county.

BRUNZELL, JAN MAGNUS, SR., was born at Charlottenburg, Sweden.
August 14, 1836, and is a graduate of the Warpnas agricultural college of
Sweden. Subsequent to his graduation, he was a sergeant in the army of
Sweden, until 1868, when he resigned and emigrated to America, coming direct
to Silver City, where he was connected with his brother Fred Brunzell for a
couple of years, and then purchased the hotel at Booneville, and engaged in
ranching at Reynolds creek, where he subsequently opened his well-known
roadside resort.

On February 17, 1896, he disposed of his Booneville property to Colonel
W. H. Dewey, but still continues his business at Reynolds, where in 1884 he
secured the establishment of the postoflice, and has held the postmastership
since its creation. He has also held the office of county commissioner for a
term of two years, having been elected in 1888, and has also held several minor
offices, having been census marshal in 1890.

Mr. Brunzell is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, and
also a Knight Templar of the Boise commandery.

BRUNZELL, MR. JOHN M., JR., was born in Arveke, Sweden, Feb-
ruary 25, 1840. He was educated in the schools of his native town, and at the
age of twenty-one years joined the army, serving two years. Learned the

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J. n. Brumell, Sr.

T. J. Butter.

John Catlow.

Peter Connors.

THE NEV; YORK
PUBLIC LIDRARY:

ASTOR. LENOX

TILDE N FOU N D aTIOM

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 103

flour-milling business, at which lie worked about fifteen years. Came to the
United States and crossed the plains with mule teams in 1865, arriving in
Ruby City in August of that year. Mr. Brunzell has followed various occupa-
tions during his residence here, and is counted one of the prominent and suc-
cessful business men. He was married in 1889 to Mrs. Josephine M. Allen, of
Silver City. Prominent member of the Alasonic fraternity, and treasurer of
Silver City lodge. No. 13, A. F. & A. M.

BRUNZELL, MRS. JOSEPHINE MARIE, was born at Thorndhem,
Norway, on March 14, 1849. Came to the United States and to Silver City
in the fall of 1872. on a visit to her married sister, Mrs. F. Brunzell. She was
married in 1874 to Mr. L. M. Allen, two children being born to them, viz.,
Fred, in 1875, and Julia, in 1877. Mr. Allen died in 1881. In 1889 she was
married to Mr. John M. Brunzell, Jr., of Silver City. Mrs. Brunzell is a
past grand of the Rebekah order.

BUTLER, MR. T. J., was born at Bedford, Ind., February 5, 1826, of

V'irginia and Kentucky parentage.^ Educated in the subscription and public

schools of that early time in the Hoosier state, supplemented by one year's

tuition at Woodward's acadc'myy-at-SpnrtrtgY'l^r...' ''•
.•:•' ;) C-' ';' '.v.-.'/. .-. ri'_. ■;
Began life as a clerk in ia .general; m^rehandise; store in Bedford, at about

the age of eighteen years, varied 'by a trip eacli season to New Orleans on a
flatboat, for the proprietor of j the §tor,e, pnti^ -the yeaiv 1849, when, at the age of
twenty-three, he crossed the ^la,ips: to. Cirlifornia with'an ox team, leaving Bed-
ford on the first day of March.-and reaclwrig'tht "Sacramento river at what is now
Vina, in Tehama county, September 21, of that year; being between six and
seven months on the way. Engaged in placer mining for about three years, or
until the fall of 185J, when he began merchandising in the Bald hills, in Shasta
county, in company with A. H. Webb. In 1854 the firm removed to Red
Bluff, where after several years they dissolved partnership, and Butler became
a salesman in the employ of Bull, Baker & Co., for a time, and afterwards did
business on his own account until 1856, when, upon the organization of
Tehama county, he was appointed the first county clerk of that county, to
which position he was elected for a full term in 1857.

In 1862 he was elected to the legislature from Colusa and Tehama counties
jointly, taking his seat in that body January i, 1863, having, in the meantime,
been appointed brigadier general of the Fifth brigade of the California militia
hy Governor Stanford. This was the longest term of the legislature ever held
in California, being full five months. He participated in a session of the
"school for the soldier," held at the encinal in Alameda county, in June.
1863, and at its close resigned his commisssion as brigadier general, and on
the third of July of that year left Red BlufT for Idaho.

At Walla Walla he met his brother, John S. Butler, who had preceded
him to that country, by way of John Day's river, in Oregon, the year before,
and had been to Boise basin, and returned that far to meet his family, who
also came at the same time from Red Bluff. Here they entered into partner-
ship, purchased a printing press, type, etc., from Reese Bros., and proceeded

104 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

on to what was then Bannock City, where for nearly two years they published
the Boise News, since known as the Idaho World.

In 1865 he took a pack train from Umatilla to Deer Lodge, in Montana,
and during the winter of 1865-6 edited a paper at Helena, called the Radiator,
for Jefif Favorite.

He returned to Idaho in the spring of 1866, and, in co-partnership with
Job F. Dye and J. S. Butler, built a granite building on Washington street.
Silver City, filled it with general merchandise, and kept store two or three
years, until after the failure of several mining and milling companies with
whom they did business, which compelled them to close the store and cease
business, though they payed up every dollar they owed, either in Idaho or else-
where. He was a member of the board of supervisors that contracted for
building the first courthouse at Silver City. In 1868 he was the nominee of the
republican party for delegate to congress, and was defeated by J. K. Shafer.
In 1870 he was again nominated for congress by his party, but made no
canvass, the republicans being hopelessly in the minority, and the nomination
being regarded simply as complimentary. Sam Merritt was the successful
candidate. During a trip from California to Owyhee county, in 1865, he, with
quite a company of others, including Tom Ewing, was attacked by Indians at
Jackson creek, near where Fort McDermit was afterwards established. The
fight that ensued became quite noted at the time, and the prominent part that
he took in it attracted considerable attention.

In 1870, even before the election in which he was the nominee of his party
for congress, he left the territory and went to Elko, Nev., and took charge, as
editor, of a campaign paper in the interest of Tritle for governor and Fitch
for congress. The campaign being over, he returned in the fall to his old
haunts in California, and started a forwarding house at Redding, in which
he and his partner forwarded all the supplies to the troops engaged in the
Modoc war, in 1873. At the close of the war he went to Oakland, California, for
a time, and in December, 1874, went to Prescott, Arizona, where he still resides.

In the spring of 1875 he purchased the Arizona Miner, which he edited and
published for about two years, when he sold it and became territorial treasurer
by appointment of Governor Hoyt. At the close of the two years of this
appointment. General Fremont, then governor of Arizona, renewed the appoint-
ment, and repeated it a second time, which carried it to the end of the governor's
term, after which Governor Tritle appointed him to the same position twice,
making, in all, five appointments of two years each, or ten years in all, from
1876 to 1886. In 1881 he married Miss Caroline E. Blake. In 1889 President
Harrison appointed him receiver of public moneys for the northern district
of Arizona, which position he held nearly five years.

During the past three years he has not been in business, but has traveled
quite extensively in the United States. He is a member of the bar of the
district court in Arizona, but has never engaged in practice; is past seventy one
years old, and is taking the world easy.

CATLOW, MR. JOHN, was born in Yorkshire, England, December 4,
1830. He came to the United States at the age of seventeen, landing at Boston,

John H. Crocheron.

Jacob Dellenbach.

Hilliam H. Dr\(len.

Mrs. Hllllam H. Dry den.

THE NEW YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LENOX
TILDEN FOUNDATION

■ ,, , I ■ I - - - ---iT i T- ■ ■ - I *

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 105

where he found employment and remained two years. Then farmed in Illinois
for about three years, and in 1852 crossed the plains for California, where he
located in HcMiey Lake: engaged in mining there until the spring of 1864,
when he left for Silver City. At Silver City he was engaged in butchering,
mining, stable-keeping and woodhauling. until 1879. In 1875 and 187C he an<l
Colonel W. H. Dewey opened up the Black Jack mine, the (nitput of which
was considerable, but was expended in improvements. About that time he was
of the wholesale butcliering firm of Smith. Mann & Catlow, San Francisco,
and also owned large cattle ranges in the Stein mountain country, and still
has large holdings in that locality, where he now resides. He was interested
with James G. Fair at the Flint district, and on one occasion saved the life of
Fair by intervening between liini and an infuriated blacksmith.

CLEGG, MR. PHILIP, was born on the Isle of Man. April 25. 185 1.
Came to Painesville. Ohio, in 1868, and to California in 1870. Followed ranch-
ing in California, and came to Silver City, Idaho, July 4, 1871. Engaged in
mining, and worked in the Empire, Mahogany, Potosi, Black Jack and other
well-known mines. Mr. Clegg has a ranch of some 360 acres in Pleasant valley.
which he took up in 1872, and- is-CJigaged in the. stock business. With the
exception of a six months' visit to his old. home at_ the Isle of Man. in 1882,
Mr. Clegg has resided here ccxntifluptislyl "He is a member of the I. O. O. F.
fraternity. ;

CONNORS, MR. PETER';''.was^V&rnJ;ijL treland. in July, 1822. Came
to the United States in June, 1846, locating first in the state of Vermont. He
was married on April 10, 1849, at New Orleans, La., and in September. 1852,
arrived in California. Came to Silver City in July, 1866, but in the following
September went to Virginia City, Nev., returning in March, 1868, to Silver
City, where he has resided permanently since. Prior to 1875 he followed
mining and milling, but that year he established a dairy at South Mountain.
His wife died February i, 1880. In 1882 he located a ranch on Trout creek,
where he has since resided up till the past year, when he came to Silver City,
and is now making his home with his son, John C. Connors. Mr. Connors
bears the weight of his seventy-five years of useful life very easily, and is
hale and hearty.

COOPER, MR. PRESLEY SAWYER, was born in Howard county.
Missouri, Nevember 27, 1842. At the breaking out of the rebellion, he entered
the service of the Confederate army, enlisting in the Ninth Missouri cavalry
of General Jo Shelby's corps, and participated in all of the engagements of
that corps up to Little Rock, Arkansas, when he was taken prisoner, and kept
in durance vile until the close of the war.

In 1871 he came West, and farmed in Baker county, Oregon, until the
spring of 1874, when he located at Castle creek, wliere lie has since perma-
nently resided, engaged in ranching and stock raising.

Participated in the Indian fight at South mountain in June. 1878. being a
member of Captain Harper's company, which was organized at Silver City.

106 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

CROCHERON. MR.. JOHN HOLMES, was born in New York city,
April 9, 1828. Received his schooling in Massachusetts, and clerked in New
York until 1849, when he left for California in a sailing vessel, via Cape Horn,
arriving at San Francisco June 27, 1849, thereby constituting himself a
pioneer of California.

He has mined in all the prominent mining districts in California and
Oregon, as well as one season in Cariboo. In 1863 he was mining in the Blue
mountains, John Day country, and from there followed the crowd to Idaho
City. He arrived at Silver City in the fall of 1867, worked in the New York
mill for about eighteen months, when he purchased his ranch on Sinker
creek, where he has since permanently resided.

Mr. Crocheron was married in 1859 to Miss M. J. Crow, of Longtom,
Oregon, and their oldest son is Mr. A. B. Crocheron, the present genial sheriff
of this county.

The Crocheron ranch is largely improved and well watered, and is one
of the prettiest on Sinker creek, and the hospitalities of the same proverbial
with those who have the good fortune to pass that way.

DELLENBACH, MR. JACOB, was born in 1841, in Lower Alsace, in
a village about four miles from the city of Weisenburg. He emigrated to the
United States in 1856, and worked on a farm in Illinois until the spring of
1859, when he made the acquaintance of Chris Studer, and, at the breaking
out of the Pike's Peak excitement, they struck out for that place, crossing
the plains with an ox team. Meeting with disappointment at Pike's Peak, they
continued on to California, and located at Weaverville, where they engaged
in placer mining. In 1865 together they came to Silver City, and took up a
wood ranch until the summer of 1868, when, in partnership with Joseph C.
Gross and Frank Schuster, they became the owners of the Blue Gulch gravel
claim on Florida mountain. On June 10, 1877, he was caved on by a mass
of gravel, weighing about a ton, falling about thirty feet. On being extricated
it was found that his leg was broken below the knee, and that he had also
received internal injuries which resulted in his demise the following Tuesday.
He was buried June 14, 1877, at Silver City, under the auspices of the I. O. O.
F., of which he was an honored member. Mr. Dellenbach was an upright and
honorable man, highly respected in the community, and left a host of friends
to mourn his sad taking ofif.

DEWEY, COLONEL W. H., was born in New York state in 1822, and
came to Owyhee in the fall of 1863, to the then town of Ruby City; but owing
to a "hog-em" real estate crowd in that town, he, in company with others,
located a rival town — Silver City — the following spring, and eventually Ruby
City moved up to the new location, bag and baggage. In April, 1864, Mr.
Dewey built the first wagon road to Ruby and Silver, and in May of the same
year started work on the Reynolds creek road. At the time of the South Moun-
tain activity, from 1871 to 1875, he owned nearly one-half of that prosperous
camp. For over twenty years past Mr. Dewey has been engaged in mine
operating and promoting. He sold the Black Jack group to a Pittsburg company

Colonel W. H. Dev/ey.

Hllliam B. Ellison.

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Daniel Feour.

■.fiE ISEW YCRK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOi^, LENOX
TILDEN KOUMOATiOiN

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 107

in 1889, and in 1892 disposed of tlie Trade Dollar ^roup to another PittstjurR
company. Both of these properties have proven fabulously rich, and are large
and constant divickiui payers. In iS()3 he organized a company upon the
Eoonville group of mines, on Florida mountain, and in 1896 extensive improve-
ments were made upon the property; but, with the exception of a short run to
test the mill machinery, the property has been closed, with the exception (jt ;<
prospecting force. Considerable valuable ground has been l^Iocked out in the
mine, and orders to resume work on a large scale are expected at any time. In
1896 Mr. Dewey incorporated the Boise, Nampa & Owyhee railroad, and
started work on the same. It connects with the Oregon Short Line and
Idaho Central railways at Namjia; at present has its terminus at GufTey, in
Owylice county. The present season will see it well up into the Owyhee
mountains. The bridge across Snake river (illustrated in this book) is one
of the finest steel structures in the West. Mr. Dewey has other large mining
and property interests in this county, and notwithstanding his advanced age,
seventy-five years past, is recognized as one of the leading spirits in public im-
provement and development. Much of the prosperity of Owyhee is due to his
untiring energy and labor in this section's behalf.

DONNELLY, MR. PETER, was born in the County Longford, Ireland,
October 31, 1833. He left Ireland in 1840, with his parents, who settled in
Rhode Island. In 1852 lie struck out for California, and was for several years
engaged in mining at all of the prominent diggings. In February, 1863, he
arrived at Idaho City, and in June, 1863, came with the second party to
Owyhee county, camping on "Hog's Back," situated on Jordan creek, near
what is now known as De Lamar, and since tiiat date has been mining, pros-
I)ecting and saloon keeping, with varied success, having in the '70s large
holdings at South mountain. In 1865, under charter from the legislature, he
owned and built the road from Silver City to Jordan valley. Oregon.

DRYDEN, MR. WILLIAM WALLACE, was born in Whitney county,
Kentucky, March 28, 1818, and moved to Linn county, Missouri, in 1832, and
in 1850 was married to Miss Martha Ellen Reynolds. In 1864, accompanied
bv his familv. he came to Idaho, and settled at first at Middleton. and from
there moved to Reynolds creek in 1869, being one of four of the earliest
settlers in tliat locality. He engaged in ranching, in which he continued up
to about ten years ago, when he retired from active life and took up his
residence at Caldwell. He departed this life at Nampa, April 21, 1897, and'
was buried beside his wife at Reynolds cemetery. Mr. Dryden was the father
of twelve children, seven of whom are living, one of whom being Mrs. C. E.
Share, of Reynolds. He was a kindhearted, cheerful gentleman, and will long
be remembered in this county by his sobriquet of "Father Dryden."

DRYDEN, MRS. MARTHA ELLEN, nee Reynolds, was born in
Indianapolis, Indiana, January i, 1830. "At an early age her parents removed to
Linn county, Missouri, where in 1850 slie was united by marriage to William
Wallace Dryden, and in 1864 accompanied her husband to Idaho, where they
settled at first at Middleton, and moved from there to Reynolds creek in 1869,

108 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

where she resided up to the time of her death, which occurred January 20, 1884,
and her remains were interred in Reynolds cemetery.

Mrs. Dryden was an estimable lady, loved and respected by all who knew
her, and her loss was mourned by a large number of relatives and a wide
circle of acquaintances.

She was the mother of Mrs. Charles E. Share, the genial hostess of the
Share's stage house, at Reynolds.

ELLISON, MR. WILLIAM B., was born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in
1832. Went to California in 1852, via Cape Horn, and came to Boise basin in
1865. In 1867 he arrived at Silver City, where he has since almost con-
tinuously resided. Quartz milling is his profession, and he is acknowledged
to have few superiors in that line.

ENSIGN, MR. FRANCIS E., was born at Painsville, Ohio, and when six
years old removed with his parents to Williams county, which was at that time
almost a wilderness, containing a few white settlers and many Indians. Got his
elementary education in a log schoolhouse in the woods, but afterward studied
at the Western Reserve collegiate institute, Austinburg, Ashtabula county, Ohio,
and subsequently a year at Oberlin college. His health failing, he was com-
pelled to abandon his hopes of a collegiate education, and went to sea and
spent a year before the mast as a common sailor, and recovered his health.
His ocean life terminated at San Francisco, February i, 1854. Worked two
months on a dairy farm, milking cows and digging ditches, then situated
several miles distant from San Francisco, but which is now in the heart of
the city. In the ensuing month of May went to the French gulch placer mines,
in Shasta county, and then to Siskiyou county, and mined on McAdams and
Indian creek, and in Scott's valley about four years. Did well the tirst three
years, but lost all by high floods in the winter of 1857-8. In 1858 was admitted
to the bar and commenced the practice of law at Yreka, and continued in
practice there eight years. Six years of the time was district attorney of
Siskiyou county. In 1866 left California and came to Idaho, and practiced his
profession twelve years at Silver City, Owyhee county. In 1868 was elected a
member of the territorial council of Idaho from Owyhee county, and was
chairman of the judiciary committee of the council at the fifth session of the
Idaho legislature. In 1872 failed by one vote of being nominated delegate to
congress by the democratic territorial convention. Was elected three times
district attorney of the third (southern) judicial district, including all of
Southern Idaho south and east of Boise and Alturas counties, holding the office
six years, from 1872 to 1878. In 1876 was married to Miss Margaret Reid, at
Silver City. In 1878 moved to Boise City, and practiced law there for three
years. In 1881, on account of sickness in his family, moved to Hailey, then
in Alturas county, and has been engaged there ever since in the practice of
his profession. In 1889-90 was chairman of the democratic territorial com-
mittee. After the new constitution was* adopted in 1890, was nominated by the
democratic party as one of its candidates for justice of the supreme court, and
received the largest vote of any of the democratic candidates for that office.
In 1892 was again nominated for that office, but shared the fate of his ticket.

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George H . Gllmore.

FreJeilch hrctc. Sr.

.Mrs. Hllhlmlna (irvte.

"■'11 C f,' Z Uf V"-t>lr'

PUBLIC LIERARY

.1^

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 109

FEOUR, MR. DANIEL, was born in Aroostook county, Maine, on June
9, 1850. Came to California via Isthmus of Panama in 1865, engaging in the
mining business. Mined in California until 1869, when he went to White
Pine, Nevada, and from there to the Squaw creek and Victoria excitements in
Washington and British Columbia. Came to Owyhee in 1875, where he has
since resided, although he has prospected in different sections of the state since
that time. Mr. Feour has been a successful prospector, having sold the St.
John mine in 1879 to the Henrietta company, the Colorado group of three
claims in 1894 to the Trade Dollar Mining & Milling Company, and the
Comstock to the Florida Mountain Company in 1895. In 1896 he negotiated
the deal whereby the Humboldt group, owned by John Feour and Taylor
Gearhart, was sold to the last-named company. Mr. Feour was married in
1895 to Miss Sallie Catlow, of Silver City. He is a member of the I. O. O. F.
fraternity.

FOGUS, COLONEL D. H., now residing in San Francisco, who was
of the firm of More & Fogus, Silver City, and is well known to all old timers,
furnishes us with the following reminiscences. He says as follows: "I was
one of the twenty-eight men who wintered the first winter at Oro Fino. We
built the first cabins at Pierce City.... I. , grub. staked 4he first man who panned
out the first gold at Florence, and l-:alsd s'faRed trlie first prospector who found
gold on the Powder and Burnt-' riV.erf l-distri^ts,' -arfd-' {ollovved him over the
mountains in March, 1862, the crowd following me. On June 28, 1862, I panned
out the first gold on Sinker creek. • Owyhee- cOlinty. on a litti • knoll about
fifty feet below where Diamond gulelr eutei^s into Sinker creek, and the holes
I made may still be seen, and' some of the men who were with me are still
alive to verify what I say. I went there on the representation of a man. who
said he had a nephew who had been with a party on the creek in 1847, and
that they had found gold so plentiful that they pounded it out on their wagon
tires to make sinkers for their fish lines, thereby giving the creek its present
name. I also discovered the first gold in Boise basin on August 2, 1862, being
one of the tw'elve, three of whom were with me at Sinker creek."

GARDNER, MR. GEORGE DENNISON, was born in Connecticut, in
1826, and at an early age his parents located in Sandusky county, Ohio.
Was engaged in agricultural pursuits in various parts of the West until the
opening of the Rebellion, when he enlisted in the Thirteenth Iowa United
a<^es volunteers, and served his full term, receiving an honorable discharge.
J 1 1864 he crossed the plains for Idaho, and arrived at Boise City September
3, 1864. In 1870 he located at Reynolds creek, where he engaged in stock-
raising and ranching. He departed this life December 13. 1886. leaving a
wife, son and daughter. His daughter, Mrs. Frank Howard, still resides
on the home ranch.

Mr. Gardner was an upright and honorable man, possessed of great force
of character, and of a disposition which won him many friends.

GILMORE. MR. GEORGE WASHINGTON, was born in Philadelphia.
Pennsylvania, May 22, 1834. When seven years old his parents moved to

110 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Mercer county, Illinois, and there he remained, engaged in farming, until 1858.
In 1858 he crossed the plains, having a rough trip, devoted mainly to bull
teaming and Indian fighting. He arrived at Snelling's, California, September
25, 1858, and for about a year was mining in various parts of California.
From 1859 to 1863 he handled the reins for the California Stage Company
and Pioneer stage line, between Virginia City, Nevada, and Nevada City, Cali-
fornia. In 1864 he arrived at Silver City, and was engaged in the butchering
business until 1866. From 1866 to 1871 he was deputy sheriff and United
States deputy marshal, and from 1871 to 1876 ran a stage from Silver City
to Fairview. He then ran a stage line from Silver City to Tuscarora, Nevada,
and in 1878 discontinued it and located a ranch on Sinker creek, where he has
since permanently resided.

Mr. Gilmore is an old and prominent member of the I. O. O. F., and
represented Owyhee county in the ninth session of the territorial legislature of
Idaho.

GOFF, MR. JACOB, was born in Green county, Kentucky, September
18, 1842. Was raised on the Mississippi river, his father having been a mate
on the old steamboat "Continental." Up to the opening of the war, he was
steamboating and railroading. During the rebellion he was a member of the
Twenty-fifth Iowa, and participated in the engagements at Shiloh, Pea Ridge
and Vicksburg. Becoming invalided he was honorably discharged, and in
1864 arrived at Silver City, where up to 1874 he was engaged in the livery
stable business and freighting between this point and Boise City. In 1878 he
engaged in ranching, which occupation he has since followed. Is a member
of Silver City Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and at one time held the office of con-
stable at Silver City.

CRETE, MR. FREDERICK, SR., was born at Hanover, Germany, in
August, 1833. . Came to the United States in 1853, and went to California via
Isthmus of Panamai, on the steamer "John L. Stevens," in 1858. Resided
there until '65, when he came to Silver City, and engaged in dentistry. In 1886
he erected the Owyhee brewery, which has been in continuous operation since.
He was married in California in 1862, to Miss Wilhimina Kornmann. Issue
of married life, six children, three of whom are now living, as follows: Charles
H., Edward F., and Mrs. Ida Moe, all of Silver City. Mr. Crete is an old
and highly respected meiuber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows fra-
ternity.

CRETE, MRS. WILHIMINA, was born in New York city in 1843, and
went to California in 1861 in company with her sister, Mrs. John Crete. She
was united in marriage to Mr. Frederick Crete, Sr., in 1862, and removed with
her husband to Silver City in 1865. Mrs. Crete is a Past Noble Grand in the
Rebekah branch of Odd Fellowship, a member of St. James' Guild, and has
always been one of the foremost in charitable work.

CRETE, JOHN, SR., was born at Hanover, Germany, on April 25,
1832. Came to the United States in 1849, locating at New York city. He

John Grcte, Sr.

.Mrs. .Mar» fireff.

Joseph C. Gross.

John Hallciibvck.

• HE NtW YORK
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OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. Ill

was married in 1856 to Miss Mary Koinniann, of New York. He moved to
California m iiS6i. Leaving his family there, in i8<32 he went on a prospecting
tour mto Oregon, being one of the discoverers of the famous placer diggings
at Canyon City. In the fall of 1862 he came to Idaho, going first to Boise
Basin, and the following autumn coming to Silver City, his family joining him
that fall. In Jiuic, 1864, he opened a bakery in Silver City, and conducted
hoarding-houses, mined and engaged in other business, until 1878, when he
purchased the War Eagle hotel from V, Blackinger, and has since conducted
that popular hostelry. Mr. Crete is a prominent member of the Masonic and
I. O. O. F. societies.

CRETE, MRS. MARY, was born in New York City in 184 1. In 1856
she was married to Mr. John Crete, Sr., and in 1861 accompanied her husband
to California. During the following two years, when Mr. Crete was prospect-
ing in Oregon and Idaho, she remained in California, joining him in Silver
City, in the fall of 1863. They'.havebeeh'ble^sed with six children, three boys
and three girls, as follows: August, Fred and John; and Mrs. Louisa Brooks,
of Butte, Montana; and Mrs. Alfred Hicks an-d Mrs. Dr. J. Weston, of Silver
City. Mrs. Crete is the popular hostess of the War Eagle hotel, and to her
efforts is due much of the popularity oi that popular house.

GROSS, JOSEPH C, was born in Province Neustadt Hesse Nassau,
Germany, February 18, 1835. At the age of fourteen, accompanied by an uncle,
he came to the United States, where he learned the shoemaker trade. In
November, 1851, his cousin, Charles A. Gross, returned from California, and
with him he left for the "Golden Gate," December 22, 1851, on the steamer
"El Dorado." They landed at Chagres and boated up the river to a place
called Gorguna, and from thence overland to Panama. Panama was filled with
gold hunters, the fever prevalent and epidemic, with large mortality, everybody
alarmed and anxious to leave. There being only one steamer, the "New
World," in port, and several thousand persons anxious to get away at any
cost, he sold his ticket at considerable of an advance, remained at Panama, and
worked as waiter in the New Orleans restaurant until the following February,
when he secured a passage on a French sailing vessel named the "Cinq Freres."
Shortly after their departure from port, the fever broke out, and out of ninety
passengers thirty-three were consigned to the deep, but the balance, after many
hardships, arrived safely at San Francisco, April 9, 1852. He engaged in mining
with varied success until 1864, when he struck out for Montana, but, stopi)ing
at Silver City, where he found an old partner, concluded to remain. He mined
on Jordan creek with good results, and in 1867, in partnership with Chris
Steuder, Jacob Dillenbach and Frank Sinister, purchased the Blue Gulch
claims for $12,500.00, and also purchased the water right of John Sullivan for
$4,000.00. In 1876 he disposed of his interest to Steuder and Dillenbach. Shuster
having sold out previously. He then engaged in quartz mining until 1881,
when he accepted the position of clerk at the War Eagle hotel, where ai the
present date his "honest phiz" is heartily welcomed by the patrons of that
hostelry, being assured that their physical comforts will be carefully looked
after by "Joe."

112 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Mr. Gross is a prominent member of the Masonic and I. O. O. F. frater-
nities, his membership in the I. O. O. F. dating from 1870, and the Masons
from 1871, and in both orders he has had the honor of having filled some of
the highest offices.

HALLENBECK, MR. JOHN, whose portrait appears upon this page,
furnishes us with the following interesting narrative of his life, which we
present to our readers in its original language:

"I was born in Albany, New York, October 24, 1830, and at an early age my
parents removed five miles east of Syracuse, New York, to a small town called
Orvillc, locating forty acres of land. In my early boyhood I was instructed
in farming, and schooled during the winter, and while yet a tender youth
engaged in and soon controlled a grocery store at the mouth of Orville (feeder on
the Erie canal), where I remained about three years, so much in the confidence
of my employer that you may say I controlled the management of the business.
The state was building an aqueduct at that place, and the house boarded all of
the officers of the enterprise. The superintendent took quite a fancy to me,
and at the completion of the works he went to the Delaware & Chesapeake
canal as superintendent, it being a canal connecting the Delaware river and
Chesapeake bay. He soon sent for me, and I left the old grocery for Albany by
rail, at which place I took passage on a steam propeller down the Hudson river
to New York, from there up the Raritan river to New Brunswick, where we
entered the Delaware & Raritan canal, passing through to Bordentown, to the
famous Delaware river; down its waters to Philadelphia, where we changed
steamers for the Delaware & Chesapeake canal, where I was employed until
its completion. The work consisted of enlarging three locks, one at the Dela-
ware entrance, one at St. George, about midway, and the other at the north end
of the canal, into Black creek or Chesapeake bay. My work consisted in
overseeing the construction of the large reservoir adjoining the exit lock. After
the completion of the work, accompanied by a co-laborer named Rowe, I
took passage on a steam propeller and visited Baltimore, Norfolk, Richmond
and, Washington, sojourning at the latter place a while, taking in the sights,
including the Washington monument, which I ascended as far as then com-
pleted. I then returned home via Baltimore and Philadelphia, where, after
remaining a few days, I received a communication from my friend Hamilton,
requesting me to come to Buffalo, where he was superintending the enlarging
of the Erie canal, at Black rock. On the completion of the work, a year
later, I returned to Weedsport, New York, where I was employed in the same
capacity for two years, with one Charles Reed, one of nature's noblemen. I
worked for him as foreman a short time, and then we contracted together,
made money, but spent it quite as freely. Then, as the work there was nearly
completed, I went into the engineer's corps, as leveler, on the enlargement, dur-
ing the fall of 1858.

"The Pike's Peak excitement then broke out, and I concluded to try
my chances as a miner; so in the following spring I and a fellow named
Benham left for the West. Benham did not have any money, and he made
me the proposition that if I would take him with me that he would give me
one-half of what he might earn or make for two years, to which I agreed, and

Winiam Hamilton.

Hllllam Hardlman.

Patrick Hardlman.

Simon Harris.

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in March, 1859, we left Weedsport for Illinois, where my parents then resided,
and there we engaged our passages on ox teams bound for "Pike's Peak or
l)ust," with two parties for Port Byron named DufTee and Addison. While I
was with my people preparing for the trip, I was accidentally shot through my
right arm, which laid me up a few weeks; and long before my arm was well I
had to start, as the parties could wait no longer, they having waited then some
days. So, with regrets and the prayers of my friends, I launched out for the
El Dorado, and through mud, snow, slush, bad roads, a six weeks' trip through
Iowa, storms innumerable, we arrrived at the Missouri river, at Plattsmouth,
where we met the tide returning and the diggings proclaimed a humbug. I
almost forgot to mention that, in crossing Iowa, we traveled most of the time
in a train of Wisconsin boys, a band of musicians, who were a jolly crowd,
and their captain's name was George Pierce, who had been across the plains
several times. This party left home for California direct — no Pike's Peak in
theirs. They went to Council Blufifs, while we went down the river twenty-
five miles.

"Well, as soon as the Peak was pronounced a humbug, our captains of
the ox teams got sick and turned about, refusing to refund us our passage
money; but I brought them to terms, and as we did not want to return, we con-
cluded to overtake our CaliforTira"fTi^'hfe*~Wer-Trent--t-c^ the stage oiTice at Glen-
wood, twenty-five miles distant ffd-frl Cotincir BlufTa, and engaged passage.
The stage came into Glenw.bod I ai:^'iii,3b, .and.',' left j at 1:00, but was over-
loaded and could not carry ^s; and, as we were anjcious to make all speed
possible, so as to overtake : the. .'Cafiforn^a'iiSjf -we concluded to foot it to
the Blufifs, a twenty-five m^e\wal}i.^D.yer..r.onmg.. prairie and a moonlight
night. The stage kindly took over our little baggage, and we, each
with our rifles over our shoulders, struck out. It was 1:00 in the morn-
ing when we left Glenwood, and at 8;oo o'clock the following morn-
ing we were at the Blufifs; and I was so tired that, although hungry, I could
not eat, but took a cup of coffee and ordered a hack to take us to the river.
When we clambered up the blufifs at Omaha, the California party were just pull-
ing out for the long trip across the plains. There were twenty wagons in the
outfit, fifty-seven men, three women, and a few children, and the party was
commanded by Captain George Pierce. I engaged passage to Hangtown for
the two of us, paying $120.00. We could ride all the way in a special wagon.
fitted up for ten persons, as passengers, and all we had to do was to take our
turn standing guard, my turn coming once a week. Our trip across the
plains was full of exciting scenes, Indians and stampedes, stampedes and
Indians, for nearly three and a half months, and we arrived at Placerville on
September 8, 1859, having left Omaha May 22, 1859. After stopping a week at
Placerville, we all left together for Sacramento, where we remained a week, and
I went through at Rondo, borrowed $20 from Captain Pierce, and we struck
out for San Francisco, and from there to Portland, by steamer Panama, arriv-
ing there at the time when General Scott was on his way to settle the San Juan
afifair (54 degrees 40 minutes, or fight). I had all the money for the two of us
($5.10), and we went to the Columbia hotel to board, where one of the pro-
prietors told us we could stop until we obtained work; but I soon saw that we
were piling up a debt that would have to be paid some day, so I said to Benham
that we must go to work at something, and, nothing else showing, I pur-

114 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

chased an outfit for wood-chopping, on credit, and took an empty cabin in
the Penitentiary gulch, and commenced. The first week we two together cut
thirteen cords; then my partner, not being satisfied with his lot (being
opposed to hard labor), concluded he would return to California, where he had
a brother somewhere, so he left me, after I divided my blankets with him,
taking steerage passage to California, and I never heard of him afterwards.

"The next week, alone, I put up thirteen cords of wood, at $i.75 per cord,
making money pretty fast, and all the time in Oregon mist. After about one
month, I obtained a position in Abrams & Hogue's saw mill, tail sawing, then
turning screws; and in the spring of i860 the sawyer left, and Abrams told me
I must take the saw, he keeping the saws in order and I sawing out the
bills that he brought in; and I got along well until the spring of 1861, when I
left him for the Oro Fino mines, where I worked all summer, and returned
to Portland for the winter. In' the spring of 1862, I, together with Kirkpatrick,
George Hay, and a lot of others, crossed the Blue mountains and discovered the
camp where Auburn, Oregon, is now located; but, not liking the prospects, I
went from there to Walla Walla, Lewiston and Florence, and after a short stay
there I went across the country, by way of Clearwater, to Ore Fino, where I
purchased a claim, made some money, and in the fall returned to Portland, where
I laid around awhile, when Mr. Abrams asked me if I did not want a job; I
said yes, as it was getting monotonous, and he sent me to The Dalles tO' tend
his office and lumber yard. In the spring he offered to take me in as a
partner, but I could see nothing but a good raise in the mines, so I put out
for Auburn again, and when I arrived there the excitement was Boise basin
and the Owyhee mines. I reached Owvhee county March 22, 1864, and here
I am. Oldtimers know the rest. Yours truly, JOHN HALLENBECK."

HAMILTON, MR. WILLIAM, was born in Sandusky City, Ohio, August
28, 1835. His parents moved to Jacksonville, Illinois, when he was about six
years old, and he remained there until he was twenty-three years old, mainly
e.igaged in farming.

In 1858 he went to California, arriving at Honey Lake valley in the fall
of that year, and engaged in the cattle business. In 1866 he arrived in Owyhee
county, and was for several years engaged in delivering cattle for Hofifer &
Miller, at Silver City.

In 1880 he located at Reynolds creek and engaged in ranching. From
1884 <^o 1887 he was in the livery-stable business at Silver City, but since
that time his health has been impaired, and he has not actively been engaged
in any business. At present resides at Democrat, where he holds the position
of accountant with D. D. McDonald.

Is not a member of any societies, but served as county commissioner of
the third district during the term of 1885-6.

HARDIMAN, MR. WILLIAM, was born in county Clare, Ireland,
November 4, 1841, and left that country in March, 1854, arriving at New
Orleans May 2, 1854. Secured a position as clerk in a grocery house, and
devoted his spare time to study. Clerked in various parts of the South, prin-

William S Mar ley.

Sam Heldelberger.

Richard S. Hawes.

Charles .M. Hays.

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cipally at New Orleans, until 1861, when he was appointed messenger with
the Southern Express Company, running from New Orleans to Houston,
Texas, which position he held until the capture of New Orleans, in 1862. He
tlicn clerked for about a year, and left New Orleans November 27, 1863, bound
for California via New York, and arrived at San Francisco December 14, 1863,
where he clerked for Ackerman Bros, until the fall of 1865, when he started for
Idaho, arriving at Silver City September 9, 1865. He at once engaged in the
general merchandise business, under style of "William Hardiman," which he
successfully continued until 1884, when he closed out the same. He then
engaged in the stockraising business at his ranches on Pickett, Castle and
Boulder creeks, which he has since continued, in partnership with his brother,
Patrick, under the style of Hardiman Bros.

Mr. Hardiman was married in San Francisco, on June i, 1874, to Miss
Mary Hosmer Smith. His wife and five children, three sons and two
daughters, reside in San Francisco. They have one child buried in Silver City.

He is a successful merchant and one of the leading citizens of the county,
honored and respected, and of high commercial probity.

HARDIMAN, MR. PATRICKv.was,'b(?rni in •the? county Galway, Ireland,
near the town of Ballinasloc, in- .the -month of .-Marchi 1843. Was engaged in
farming up to i860, when he Ueft 'tliaf country ' for America, coming direct to
Silver City, where he arrived ^J^uly .^p„.,. 1869- >: Clerked .for his brother, William
Hardiman, for about six years, ^w.ben-.'heengaged. hi ^stockraising, in which he
was joined by his brother a 'fewyears""sitbsequent". '

He is of the firm of Hardiman Brothers, well-known stockmen of this
county, and is highly honored and respected by those who have had the good
fortune to make his acquaintance.

HARRIS, MR. SIMON, was born in Southwestern Wisconsin, near Min-
eral Point, on April 18, 1851, and at an early age worked in the lead mines
at that place. Emigrated to Idaho in 1872, arriving in Silver City about the
sixteenth of October, and went to work in the mines on War Eagle mountain.
Worked in the Golden Chariot in 1873-4, when it was a great producer. Stock
went up to $22.00 to $24.00 per share. Miners were paid by the foot in drilling,
and tlie old mountain was booming. He was elected president of the Fairview
Miners' Union in March, 1875, and six months later that organization boasted
of 1,500 members in good standing. ]\Ir. Harris was treasurer of the unicfn
the following term. Was married in Silver City on December 5, 1880, and a
few weeks later left for .\rizona, remaining there a short time, and then visited
Washington, D. C, and his old Wisconsin home. In July, 1881, he took
charge of the Black Jack mine for a short time, and was foreman of the Trade
Dollar mine from 1892 to August, 1893, when he quit and went East, taking in
the World's Fair at Chicago, and the sights at Washington, returning in May,
1894. At the general election in 1896, Mr. Harris was elected a justice of the
peace of Silver City. At the formation of the Silver City Miners' Union in
August, 1896, he was elected vice-president of the same, and to the office of
recording secretary in 1897. ]\Ir. Harris joined Iowa Lodge, No. i. I. O. O.
F., of Wisconsin, in September, 1872, and received the third, fourth and fifth

116 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

degrees after his arrival at Silver City, in Owyhee Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F.,
which he afterwards joined, and which he represented in the Grand Lodge
in 1888. In November, 1875, he was a representative to the Grand Lodge,
L O. G. T., from Fairview. Mr. Harris is also a Mason, serving Silver- City
Lodge No. 13, A. F. & A. M., as W. M. in 1892, and Cyrus Chapter No. 2, R.
A. M., as M. E. H. P. in 1897.

HARLEY, MR. WILLIAM S., was born in Lincoln county, Maine,
September 15, 1821. When a boy his parents moved to Ohio, and subsequently
to Illinois. At the age of twenty he went to Missouri, where for about nine
years he was overseer over 1,000 negroes on the plantation of his uncle, Wilham
Hunt, and during that time was also the plantation physician. In 1851 he
returned to Illinois, and was married to Miss America Leadley. In 1852
he crossed the plains with his family, and settled in Southern Oregon, engaging
in the dairy business. In 1861 he moved to Florence, Idaho, and in 1864 went
to Idaho City, where he engaged in the dairy business. In the fall of 1865 he
was elected a representative to the territorial legislature, the first session
held in the territory. In the fall of 1873 he moved to Silver City. Was for
eight years consecutively county assessor and tax collector, from 1879 to 1887.
In 1890 he moved to Bruneau valley and engaged in farming and stockraising,
and served as county commissioner for the third district for the term of 1891-2.
He departed this life January 11, 1894, at Mountain Home. He was the
father of Mrs. F. M. St. Clair, and Mrs. John McCabe (deceased), of Silver
City; Mrs. George T. Miller and Mrs. Sol Walters, of California; Mrs. Green
White, of Boise City; Mrs. W. F. Sommercamp, of Weiser; and Mrs. J. D.
Whitson and Miss Ida Harley, and Messrs. A. J. and Will Harley, of Bruneau
valley.

HASTINGS, MR. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, was born in Vicksburg,
Mississippi, in the year 1848, and in 1852, with his parents, he removed to
California, where he received his early education, finishing it in Europe.
He came to Owyhee county in 1868, and spent about a year in mining. He
then returned to San Francisco, and accepted the position of receiving
teller in the banking house of John Sime & Company. During the Pioche
excitement in 1870, he followed the crowd, and spent about four years in that
locality. In 1875 he returned to Silver City, and has been here ever since. In
1886 he was elected sheriff of the county, and at the expiration of his term was
re-elected. Last election he was elected to the position of state mine inspector
with a large plurality.

HEIDELBERGER, MR. SAM., was born July 6, 1845, in Philadelphia,
Pa. Attended the public schools until twelve years of age, when he com-
menced clerking. Went to California in February, 1862, leaving for Portland,
Or., in July of the same year, where he clerked and kept store until February.
1864, when he went to Pioneer City, Boise basin, and opened a store there.
Came to Silver City in June, 1866, with a capital of one Mexican dollar, which
he still retains for a pocket piece. Peddled chickens and vegetables and
worked at odd times as "devil" in the Avalanche office. Opened store first in
Silver City in 1872, but lost heavily in mining stocks that season. Suffered

H. J. Hill.

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severe losses in book accounts again in 1876, by the closing of the big mines.
After a hard struggle against heavy odds, Mr. Heidclberger has worked up
to the front rank of merchandising, and has a large store and varied stock. He
was married in February, 1879, to Miss Louise Block, of Boise. He is a
nKMnb,er of both the Masonic and Independent Order of Odd Fellows societies.

HILL, W. J. Prominent among the adventurous spirits in the early
sixties, who blazed the way for civilization and subsequent statehood amid the
wilds of Idaho, was \V. J. Hill, rLincnibcrcd by old-timers as "Old Hill,"
although when that appellation became attached to him he was little more
than a beardless boy. He was born of Scotch parentage, near Prescott,
Canada West, in 1840, and came to the Pacific coast in 1862, going that spring
to the famous Caribou gold fields and traversing the now world-renowned
Klondike region thirty-five years before any one dreamed of the fabulous riches
that lay concealed beneath its frost and snow.

Returning to California, he crossed the Sierras to the mining camp of
iismcralda, Nevada, in the spring of 1863; thence to Salt Lake City and on to
Boise Basin, arriving at West Bannock (now Idaho City) in August, 1863,
where he participated in tKe siirripg so^n.es enactecj there that fall and winter,
and mined in Bear gulch, •■a,.shQrt distance -above J the town. After working
out his claim there, he canle' over tO' Owyhee at the beginning of summer in
1864, and associated himseljl with Jarfd Lock-wood and Frank Cable, who had
located ranches in Jordan Vajleyj tabp.u.t.,tw€0ty-1ive.' miles from Silver City.

That summer he was one of the one hundred and fifty volunteers who went
out on the trail of the Indian murderers of Jordan, after whom Jordan Valley
was named. They overtook the Indians on the Upper Owyhee, where the
savages, expecting pursuit, had fortified themselves in the rocks and bluffs on
each side of the river. There were several hundred of the" Indians, and, in
the bloody battle that ensued, two of the whites were killed and Hill received
a bullet through his left thigh, which caused him to walk by the aid of a
crutch all summer. The Indians were dislodged and a hundred or so of them
were left dead on the battlefield.

That winter Hill and his partners built the first livery stable in Silver City,
packing in hay from Jordan Valley on mules and cayuses and selling it to the
tjuartz-haulers for three hundred dollars a ton.

In 1865, 1866 and 1867 he kept what was known as "Hill's ferry," on the
Owyhee river, at the junction of the old Chico and Humboldt roads, sixty
miles from Silver City. While thus engaged, his thrilling adventures and
single-handed fights with the Indians would make an interesting volume, in
which fact would rival the fiction of a border novel. He was wounded many
times, but he seemed to bear a charmed life, and the Indians became super-
stitious over their inability to kill him. They thought the palefaced chief with
the "big canoe" was some sort of a "bad medicine man" who was proof
against their bullets and arrows.

It was here that our hero obtained the sobriquet of "Old Hill," a title
which has clung to him ever since and which was originally bestowed upon

118 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

him by those who did not know him personally, but supposed him to be some
tough old case of a mountaineer.

In 1867, Hill and Henry Millard purchased the Owyhee Avalanche from
John and Joe Wasson, running it with Hill as editor until 1870, when he pur-
chased his partner's interest and became sole proprietor of the paper. In
1875 he started the Daily Avalanche, the first daily paper in Idaho, the press
upon which it was printed being the first steam press in the territory.

Mr. Hill was largely instrumental in building the telegraph line from
Winnemucca to Silver City, and paid three hundred dollars a month for the
telegraph news for his paper.

While here he was elected county clerk, and subsequently sheriff and tax
collector, performing the duties of those positions with honor to himself and
credit to his constituents. Although Owyhee was a strong democratic county,
yet so great was his popularity that any position within the gift of the people
he could have had for the asking.

He was a man of wide and varied information, and, in addition to his
acquirements in English, was a French and Spanish scholar. He wielded a
trenchant pen, and was possessed of a vein of genuine Western humor, his
witty paragraphs in the Avalanche being copied and commented upon by the
press far and wide.

In 1873 Mr. Hill took unto himself a wife in the person of Miss Belle Peck,
a charming and accomplished young lady. No special invitations were given
for the occasion. Everybody expected to attend "Old Hill's" wedding, and
did so. The Idaho Hotel and Masonic hall were chartered for the occasion,
and it was a gay time in old Silver that night. Governor Bennett came over
from Boise City and tied the knot. Mr. Hill's wife was born in California, and
didn't take kindly to the snows of Owyhee, and longed for the sunny clime and
fragrant flowers of her native state; so when the mining collapse came, in 1876,
they went to California and located at Salinas, where they have been ever since,
engaged in the newspaper business. Their only child, William C. Hill, who
was born in Silver City, and is now twenty-three years of age, is his father's
assistant in the office. Since he took up his abode in California, Mr. Hill has
represented his district in the state senate during three sessions of the legisla-
ture, and has been mayor of Salinas City for six years.

An old Idahoan, who recently visited Hill at his home in California, says
that he keeps his trusty old "Henry" rifle as a souvenir of his life in Idaho,
and would not part with it at any price. Its stock is splintered from bullets
fired by Indians in battles where many a one of them was sent to the happy
hunting grounds.

As known here, W. J. Hill was a splendid specimen of physical manhood —
six feet high, straight as an arrow, active as a cat, brave as a lion and generous
to a fault.

"Old Hill's" name will be cherished and his deeds rehearsed around hearth-
stone and campfire so long as any of the old pioneers of Owyhee remain above
the sod.

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David B. Hyde.

Charles C. Johnstone.

Richard Z. Johnson.

Alaff/icH Joyce.

THE NEV/ YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR. LENOX
TlLDEts FOvJNOATION

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 119

,The following tribute paid to Hill by a brother journalist (Jud Boyakin)
when he left Idaho, in 1876, will serve to show the estimatioii in which he was
lield here:

"Mr. Hill has spent ten or twelve of the best years in his life in assisting
to build up and heroically battling for the best interests of Idaho Territory —
first as frontiersman and next as a journalist. His name is a household word
throughout the land. His life, his deeds, his very action, are so well known
tliat to attempt to recount them at this time were unnecessary. In truth, so
deeply do we feel the loss of a man like him that we have the heart to say but
little about it. We regard it as a public calamity, and in saying this we only
echo the expressed sentiment of the whole territory. He leaves an impress
upon the country that will never be erased. * * * Good-bye, 'Old Hill"!
May heaven's choicest blessings shower your pathway through life, and Cali-
fornia's brightest flowers bloom for you and yours in your new home."

HAWES, MR. RICHARD S., was born in Cornwall, England, January
2, 1848. He left home in 1866 for the United States, and, after short sojourns
in New Jersey and Connecticut, went to California by way of the isthmus. For
about a year he was engaged in mining at Grass Valley, and from there went
lo Virginia City, where he mine3- until 1872, when he left there for Silver
City, arriving at the latter iJlace! 5ept£Jiiber 17, .1872. Was for several years
night shift boss of the Empire " and Poorman mines. In 1885 he engaged
in the restaurant business at jSilver.City, which he continued until May, 1894,
when he moved to De Lamat', .where.- )ie has siQpe been located.

He is the main owner of the Afterthought mine, adjoining the Oro Fino
group, on War Eagle mountain.

Mr. Hawes is a prominent member of the Masonic and I. O. O. F. fra-
ternity, and an ex-officer of the grand lodge of Masons. While at Silver City
he served three terms as justice of peace. Was married on War Eagle moun-
tain, April 3. 1874, to Miss Phillipa Edwards.

HAYS, CHARLES MARSHALL, was born in Saline county, Missouri,
April 22, iS.iS- Crossed the plains in the year 1852, coming down the old
emigrant road on the south side of Snake river, passing under the shadow of
what is now known as War Eagle mountain, the thought never entering his
youthful mind that thirteen years later he would return, to pass a quarter of
a century at its very base; to marry and raise a family so near its majestic
sununit. Passing on. The Dalles, then a military post, was reached in the fall
of that year. From thence down the Columbia river, and then to Portland,
where the winter was spent. In the spring of 1853 he was found on Puget
sound. Left the last-named place in 1857 for California, where he was
educated in the public schools of Sacramento and San Francisco. In August,
1865, he left California, arriving at Ruby City, the then county seat of Owyhee
county, on the eighth day of September, where he acted as Deputy County
Recorder under his father, Gilmorc Hays, the first Recorder of this county.
Held that position until 1866, when he became Deputy District Clerk under
Mr. Sol Hasbrouck, present Clerk of the Supreme Court of Idaho. Removed

120 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

from Ruby City to Silver City in the fall of 1866. In 1868 was appointed Deputy
United States Internal Revenue Collector, which position he held until 1869.
Was married to Miss Rebecca L. Dye, a most worthy and amiable young lady,
daughter of Job F. Dye, then a merchant of Silver City. The result of such
marriage was eight children, two of whom are dead, the last-dying being
Mrs. M. M. Getchell. Six are now living, among whom are Mrs. J. H.
Hutchinson and C. D. Hays, the latter the only son. In 1868, the subject of
this sketch was nominated on a citizens' ticket for the office of Recorder, and
was defeated at the general election. In 1870, Hill Beachy, the proprietor
of the railroad stage line, running from Boise to Winnemucca, Nev., a distance
of 265 miles, made him agent at Silver City, with full power and authority to
conduct all business from that office during the absence of the superintendent.
When Mr. Beachy sold out his line to the Northwest Stage Company, Mr.
Hays was retained as agent; and when Mr. John Hailey purchased the line from
the Northwest Stage Company, he still remained behind the stage counter.
He held such position until 1880, and was acquainted with innumerable stage
drivers, for whom he entertains the kindest feelings, often being heard to
remark that the stage driver has a heart as big as a mountain, whose respon-
sibilities are little appreciated by the traveling public, whose lives are in the
hands of the stage driver who drives them through the valleys and over the
mountains. In 1871 and 1872, Mr. Hays read law in the office of Mr. Richard
Z. Johnson, afterward Attorney General Johnson, and was admitted in October,
1873, to practice as an attorney and counsellor at law, and solicitor in chancery,
in all the courts of record of the then territory of Idaho. Mr. Hays has
never forgotten his preceptor's kindness, regarding him as his best friend, and
holding him up as an example for young lawyers to copy after.

In 1874, the republicans were seeking a candidate for sherifif. when Mr.
Hays was approached by Mr. H. B. Eastman, and asked to allow his name to
be placed before the republican convention for the office of sheriff. Having
been but a short time before admitted to the bar, he reluctantly consented to
allow his name to go before the convention. He was nominated on the first
ballot, when ensued one of the hottest campaigns known in the history of
Owyhee county. The county was strongly democratic, and the support of
many democrats was necessary to his election. Money was spent lavishly by
both sides in the campaign. The mining companies, and there were six or
seven operating at that time on War Eagle mountain, were all, save one,
against the republican nominee; but, to offset them, were wood and timber-
men, principal among them John Catlow, Colonel W. H. Dewey, and the late
William F. Sommercanip, who espoused the cause of the republican candidate,
using their influence and time in his behalf, besides spending their money to
help pay the expenses of the campaign; and so earnest was the work of these
gentlemen, and the candidate's republican friends, that when the battle had
been fought, and the votes counted, it was found that, with the aid of democratic
votes, he had a majority of over 200 votes, and had carried every precinct in the
county but one. Much money had been lost by the opposing candidate, in
betting on his own election, the amount being estimated at $10,000.00.

As sheriff, he used every effort to treat friends and enemies alike, making
no distinction in his official duties. During his first term of office he was
called upon in his official capacity to save the life of a man who got into an

Robert H. Leonard, Sr.

Mrs. Aaelalde V. Leonard.

Q. F. Lambert.

Judge Elisha Lef*l>.

THE MEW YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, Li:NOX
TILDEN FOUNDATION

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 121

altercation with a member of the Miners' Union, at South Mountain, a mining
camp about thirty miles distant from Silver City. The man had been stabbed
aljout io:oo o'clock in the evening, and it was supposed that he could not live.
which aroused an ill feeling in the breasts of the members of the union, who
looked all night in vain for the man who had stabbed the member of the union.
A telegraph line was then in operation from Silver to South Mountain. The
following day, at ii:oo o'clock in the forenoon, the sheriff received a dis-
l)atch from his deputy to come to South Mountain as soon as possible.
Knowing that something of a serious nature had occurred, he went to Mr.
Regan's stable, mounted the best saddle horse he had, and at 1:30 P. M.
rode into the town of South Mountain, the horse and rider rather the worse
for wear. But he rode not through the streets unobserved, for the friends
of the person whom the infuriated men would have hanged, as well as the man
they would have swung from a tree or telegraph pole, saw him pass the place
where the object of the union's wrath was secreted, and it is said made the
remark, "There goes the fair-haired boy." On his arrival, one of the friends
of the man he had come to arrest and protect informed him that when he got
ready to go he would deliver the man. The president of the Miners' Union
waited upon the sheriff at once, and asked his business, which the sheriff told
him. The president express^ A.. doubt. as^to his ability to take the man out of
town, but was told very poliiely/'t-hat that-' wasiiybat he came for, and proposed
to do it. After resting for S while and- preparing himself for the task by
appointing Ed Ryan, Colonfel Michael Lacey, Cornelius Sprowlcs, and a man
named Malloy, as deputies,^ and having jthem. furnished with double-barreled
shotguns, he went to the livery stable of McLafferty & Pinkham, got a two-
seated wagon, with George Pnilvham as' driver, and left the stable. As he
drove down the street to Johnny Biggs' saloon to get one man who had been
interested in the altercation, he was suddenly reminded of the remark of the
president as to his ability to do it, by reason of a crowd of men appearing
upon the scene in a moment, following in a trot behind the wagon. Arriving
at the saloon, the man last above spoken of came down from a room above
the saloon, pistol in hand, which the sheriff at once took as he entered the
wagon; when Colonel Lacy gave the order to "follow me," which the driver
did until he missed him in the crowd, and passed him, going as far as the
grade leading to the old smelter, when Colonel Lacy came dashing up and
informed the sheriff that he had passed the place of concealment of the man he
was looking for. The wagon was stopped on the grade, the sheriff instructing
the driver to remain there with the prisoner that he had until he returned, at
the same time springing from the wagon, calling to his side his deputies,
instructiiit; them tt> open fire on the crowd if a shot was fired by any per.-on
under any circumstances. Fully one hundred men, wild with excitement, were
all around him and the deputies, but he pressed on back to the place where the
second prisoner was to be found. As the sheriff neared the place of con-
cealment, surrounded by the crowd that had been seeking the man all the
night before, the person lor whom they liad been looking emerged from the
saloon of Malloy, coming from the rear end, down an embankment, with pistol
in hand. It was but a moment until the sheriff was by his side, the deputies
standing within close shooting distance. The prisoner asked to retain his pistol,
which the officer permitted him to do, knowing that he was equal to any man

122 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

he had if an assault was made upon him or any of the officers. The crowd sep-
arated, and the sheriff and prisoner walked through their ranks, while they stood
and looked in amazement, not uttering a word or making any demonstrations.
The prisoner was placed in the wagon, the ofificer raised his hat to the still
amazed crowd, said "Good evening, gentlemen," and was off for Silver City,
the county seat. As they drove away, the sheriff was heard to remark: "Hit
them on the back, George; let us get out of here as quickly as possible."

He was re-elected for a second term in 1876. In 1878 he was nominated
on a citizens' ticket, and, although strongly supported by the Avalanche, was
defeated. In 1875, John W. Stoddard and he were the first persons to plant a
stake on a quartz lode in Wagontown district. They named it the Stoddard,
and by reason of its great richness created an excitement, during which the
Wilson lode was located, now known as the De Lamar lode. In 1878, he,
together with John Upliam and J. M. Dillinger, engaged in mining on Florida
mountain, and built a quartz mill to reduce the ore, but made a failure.
In 1881, the subject of this sketch went to Galena, on the head of Wood
river, and from there to the middle fork of the Salmon, on a prospecting trip,
but made no locations, and came home in the fall. In 1881, he was appointed
deputy district attorney for Owyhee county, which position he held until
elected county attorney in 1882. He was re-elected in 1884, 1886 and 1888. In
the spring of 1882, he purchased a half interest in the Idaho Avalanche, of Dave
Adams, and the year following the other half interest of Guy Newcomb. He
conducted the paper as an independent sheet, and through its columns advocated
strongly the mining industries of this county, insisting that, to prove the lodes
permanent, deep mining must be done; that if worked to great depth they
would prove permanent and richer. His views have been proven correct. He
stood by the camp when every mining company had ceased to work, and
through the columns of the Avalanche gave encouragement to miners and
mine owners to stick to their mines. He not only wrote articles for his paper,
upholding the good reputation of the camp, but wrote personal letters to induce
capital to come to the camp; and it was he who finally induced Captain De
Lamar to come to this county, and when he did come to visit all the mining
camps. Of course, the older residents remember that when Captain De Lamar
opened the Wilson lode and made a mine of it, calling it after himself, that
capital was attracted to this county, and it was not long until the camps
at Silver and De Lamar were attracting attention throughout the mining world.

He was Captain De Lamar's attorney from the time the captain came until
he sold the De Lamar mine to an English syndicate. In 1889 he was elected
to the constitutional convention from Owyhee county, with the understanding
that his acts should be non-partisan. In that convention he was appointed on
the committee on election and franchise, on committee on corporations, and
was chairman of the committee on finance and revenue. He made the figures
of the amount required to run the state government, upon the theory that the
government would be conducted in accordance with the requirements of the
constitution. In the constitutional convention, he took a bold stand against
electing state and county ofificers at the time that the constitution was sub-
mitted to the people for ratification; he and ten others, among whom were the
late John S. Gray, Judge J. H. Beatty, A. B. Morse, of Payette; Mr. H. Mulder,

Judge James Lynam.

Patrick McCabe.

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Dougaia McDonald ana wite.

John McVann.

THE NEW YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LENOX
TILDEN FOUNDATION

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 123

Mr. Unck'rwood and W. II. Claj^ctt, votinp with the democrats, taking; the
ground that the election would be illegal and partisan, as being against tlic
wishes of tlie democrats in said convention, ^s well as of the democratic party
It was by reason of the stand taken by these eleven that the constitution was
ratified by the people and Idaho is a state today.

It was through the exertions of Mr. Hays in said convention that Cassia
county (which had been part of Owyhee) was joined with Owyhee for senatorial

purposes.

When Mr. Hays returned from the convention, lie wrote an editorial nam-
ing Governor Shoup and William H. Clagett as the most available men for the
United States senate upon the admission of Idaho. Having written and pub-
lished them as such, he went to work on those lines, and used all his influence
in their behalf; and when the primaries were held for the purpose of electing
delegates to the county convention, to nominate candidates for the legislature,
a bitter partisan fight arose between those favoring F. T. Dubois and the
Clagett and Shoup men.

Captain De Lamar was elected as joint senator from Cassia county, and
Joseph Hawkins was elected as a representative. Both were Shoup and
Clagett men. «** • — - ~-. — -j

Under the constitutioii,'.,-the . 6y6t6m.-jjor-,'^l,^cthig county attorneys was
changed to the present sy$tem." Af 't"he first' election for state, district and
county ofificers under the state govejnmerjt, Mr. Hays received tlie nomination
for district attorney of the tliirjd judicial cliatrict, en^bracing at that time Boise.

Ada, Washington and Owyhee coirntie?r. He -was elected, and entered upon the

duties of his office, which he filled with general satisfaction to the people and
with credit to himself. In 1894 he was again nominated for said office, and
was elected by a plurality over his opponents of between 600 and 700 votes.
His term of office will expire January i, 1899. He has since his election to
that ofifice probably prosecuted more criminals, and convicted more, than any
other district attorney in Idaho in the same length of time. In the past two
years and a half he has prosecuted eight murder cases, convicting one of murder
in the first degree, for which the murderer was hung; three for murder in the
second degree, and four for manslaughter. Probably one-third of all the con-
victs in the state prison are froqi the third judicial district. Mr. Hays never
abuses a prisoner before the jury, invariably gives him a fair opportunity to
introduce his tviiknce, and never tries to take any advantage. When a pris-
oner is convicted, he has never been known to sign his petition for a pardon.
In 1894 Mr. Hays sold the Avalanche to L. A. York, the present proprietor.

Mr. Hays and family now live in Boise City, and, though they have
moved away from Silver, yet Mr. Hays is considerably interested in Owyhee
county, where he pays taxes on a ranch of 640 acres, besides stock and other

personal property.

Mr. Hays is a staunch republican, as he has ever been, and in the late
presidential election was a warm supporter of Mr. McKinley. In politics he is
not an unknown quantity, his enemies and his friends alike always knowing
where to find him.

124 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

HYDE, MR. DAVID BROWN, was born in Rome, New York, August
12, 1854. Spent his early life there in schooling, and left home in 1872, coming
direct to Silver City, where he mined for about a year, and then engaged in the
cattle business, in partnership with his brother, Michael Hyde, and in January,

1888, located at Bruneau valley, where he has since resided, engaged in ranching.

He is postmaster of Bruneau township, which ofTice he has held since

1889. Is also justice of the peace of the township, and is a member of Elmore
lodge, A. F. & A. M. Is married to the daughter of J. H. Crochcron, of
Sinker Creek.

He owns the hotel and blacksmith shop at Bruneau, and has a well-culti-
vated ranch of 160 acres, besides a thrifty orchard of 300 hardy fruit trees.

JOHNSON, MR. CHARLES CHRISTOPHER, was born in Monroe
county, Illinois, February 22, 1838. Came to this coast ;n 1852 with his
parents, who settled in Yuba county, California, and at an early age he
engaged in mining, and also served his time as a machinist.

Was one of the earliest arrivals in Owyhee county, coming to Ruby City
in the summer of 1863, and was for several years engaged as machinist by
the prominent mining companies at Silver City, until 1869, when he located
a ranch at Reynolds creek, being one of the earliest settlers in that locality,
and has since permanently resided there, engaged in ranching and stock
raising, in partnership with George Cook, another time-honored and respected
pioneer of this county.

JOHNSON, MR. RICHARD Z., was born at Akron, O., May 21, 1837, and
removed with his parents to Ashland, in that state, where his youth was passed.
Studied law with his father, and in New York, and took the degree of LL. B.
at Yale. Was first admitted to the bar at St. Paul, Minn. Came to Owyhee
county from Virginia City, Nev., in the spring of 1865, and continued to reside
there in the practice of his profession until December, 1878, when he removed
to Boise City, which has since been his residence.

Was a member of the council of the eleventh session of the territorial
legislature, and chairman of the judiciary committee, and jointly with the late
John S. Gray prepared and introduced the code of civil procedure at that
session. Also drew the bill creating the independent school district of Boise
City, and was for fifteen years one of the board of directors of the school. Was
one of the commissioners who compiled the revised statutes of 1887; attorney
general for two terms, and for several years a regent of the state university,
which position he resigned, as he felt that his frequent absence in Europe
prevented him from properly discharging the duties of the position. In
recognition of his services the board of regents afterwards conferred upon
him the degree of LL. D.

Mr. Johnson is now engaged in the practice of his profession with his
son, Richard H. Johnson, who was born in Silver City.

JORDAN, MR. MICHAEL, now a resident of Reynolds, this county,
came to Owyhee in May, 1864, and mined on Jordan creek for three years.

Gilbert Mikkelsitn.

Ezra Mills.

John /Mitchell.

John iSoble, Sr.

JiiE hL-W KRK

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 125

For the next five years he followed the wood business, and afterwards had a
toll road <it South mountain, which he held about eighteen months. Then
returned to Silver City, and kept a boarding house on War Eagle mountain
for several years, and had various contracts during that time. Moved to
Reynolds creek in 1884 to take charge of a toll road, and has since followed
that business.

JOYCE, MR. MATTHEW, was born in Ireland on New Year's eve, 1830.
He emigrated at an early age to America, and located at Keokuk, Illinois,
where he subsequently, in 1856, was married to Mary Fahy. In 1864, with his
family, he crossed the plains, and arrived at Ruby City May 20, 1865. Since
that time was engaged in various enterprises, but for a number of years past
was engaged in ranching and stockraising. On June 26, 1893, he met with an
accident which resulted in the amputation of his leg, from the effects of which
!k never recovered, and his death took place September 5, 1893. Mr. Joyce
was kindhearted, honest, and generous to a fault, and numbered many friends.

KELLY, MR. JAMES PATRICK, was born in the Province of Quebec.
near Montreal, May 6, 1836, and was engaged^ii], farming pursuits up to 1870,
when he left there and came ' dnrect . to . Silvfir Qty, arriving there in the fall
of 1870. Was engaged in miniiTg there until- r873, when he participated in the
"Bodie" excitement, and was- engaged in engineering in the "Bodie mill" for
over five years. He then returned to Owyhee cDunty, and has since perma-
nently resided here, engage^ .tiX.fariii*^n&-\ .•"■At "present lie is tlie manager of
the "Bruce ranch," located at the- upper ^cnd' 'Cif Castle creek. He is the father
of the Kelly Bros., proprietors of the Long Gulch stables at Silver City.

LAMBERT, MR. QUIZNEE FRANCE, was born in Bradford county,
Pennsylvania, on April 22, 1835. Was educated for the ministry, attending
a Presbyterian theological school for nine years; but at the age of nineteen
lie concluded that the ministry was not to his liking, and ran away from
home, going to Iowa. Later he joined a party headed toward the Golden
Gate, and crossed the plains, arriving in California in 1856. Mined for a
few years in San Joaquin and El Dorado counties, and then took up ranch-
ing and stockraising, at wiiich he made a considerable fortune. Came to
Silver City on June 30, 1870, via Mountain City, Nevada. He discovered
llic rich placer ground at Island mountain, but during a temporary absence
the ground was jumped and he lost it. During his residence in Owyhee county.
Mr. Lambert has been engaged in various enterprises, and has a small but
well-kept ranch on Sinker creek. W'as married in Silver City on June 25.
i<^93. to Miss Alice Colburn, of Chicago, but the alliance proved to be very
disagreeable, and a divorce was obtained in 18(75.

LEONARD, ROBERT H.. SR., was born in Bowdin. Maine, in June.
1832. At the age of twenty j'ears (1852) he went to California via the Nic-
aragua route at Panama, where he followed mining and lumbering until
1861. On March 4 of that year (Lincoln's inauguration), he started

with a big saw mill, teams and logging outfit for Aurora. Nevada.
In the spring of 1862 he outfitted a party for a prospecting tour into Idaho.

126 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

At that time they had to blaze their own trails. They came up the Humboldt
river, crossed to the headwaters of the Owyhee, and descended that river to its
junction with Snake river. The latter stream was swollen, bank-full, by the
spring floods, and the party was compelled to follow its windings to Lewiston
before securing ferriage. Mr. Leonard's party wintered in the Salmon river
country. From that point he returned to Nevada, via Portland, staging from
the latter city to Aurora, a distance of nearly looo miles. In May, 1865, Mr.
Leonard came to Silver City, having been employed by the Ainsworth Milling
Company to take charge of its reduction plant on Sinker creek, on the east
side of War Eagle mountain. During that summer Mr. Leonard crushed
the first rock mined in the Poorman property, one hundred tons producing
$90,000.00 in bullion. In the spring of 1867 he was employed to take charge
of the New York mill (20 stamps) for the Eastern owners. Subsequently
he had the management of the Ida Elmore (Lincoln) mill, and afterwards
leased the Minear and Cosmos mills for a term of years. In 1874 he pur-
chased the Minear mill, and in 1875 erected a new mill adjoining. This prop-
el ty he sold to the Poorman company in 1894. He was married in the state
of Maine, in March, 1867, to Adelaide V. Durgin. Mr. Leonard is a promi-
nent member of the Masonic and I. O. O. F. societies.

LEONARD, MRS. ADELAIDE VICTORIA, was born in Exeter,
Maine, in 1840. Was married on March 26, 1867, to Mr. R. H. Leonard, Sr.,
leaving the following day for the groom's home in Idaho, via the Isthmus of
Panama, arriving in San Francisco on April 24. From this point to Cisco, on
the summit of the Sierra Nevada mountains, the trip was made by rail, but
from Cisco to Silver City, a distance of over four hundred miles, the journey
was by stage, they arriving at Ruby City on May 11. A royal reception
greeted the bridal couple upon their arrival, the band being out in force, fol-
lowed by a sumptuous banquet. During her long residence in Silver City,
Mrs. Leonard has always been prominent in social affairs, and in works of
charity. She is a member of the Rebekah branch of Odd Fellowship, and
was the second president of the Rebekah state assembly. She is also a leader
of Episcopal church work and a memb'er of St. James' Guild. Three children
blessed their married life. Lewis, the eldest, died at the age of 20 (1887), from
accidental shooting; Robert H. Leonard, Jr., resides in Silver City, and was
district clerk for the term 1890-94: the daughter, Mrs. Adelaide E. Ryan,
resides at Boise, Idaho.

LEWIS, CAPTAIN JOHN S., was born in West Virginia, November
19, 1827. His parents emigrated to Missouri when he was a year old. At an
early age he engaged in farming, and in 1846 enlisted as a private in the
Mexican war, serving one year, and participating in several engagements.
Returned home in 1847, and in 1848 went to West Virginia. From there he
went to California, via Texas, arriving in California in the spring of 1850. In

1862 he went to Boise basin, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. In

1863 he accompanied Stanford's party, who were in quest of Indians, and
arrived at Ruby City that year. In 1864 he took up a ranch on the Payette
river, and also engaged in mercantile business at that point. During the same
year he went to the Eagle creek mines in Oregon, and remained there until

Robert !\oble.

Harry Olscn.

Capt. George W. Paul and HIte.

Arthur Pence.

PUBLIC Liiii-uiM

ASTOX. LENOX

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 127

1869. He then engaged in freighting between Silver City and VVinncmucca,
Nevada, and subsequent!)' at Mound valley, Eureka, Tuscarora and other points
in Nevada, and in 1880 returned to Owyhee county, and has since resided
here uj) to the present date. Was engaged in mercantile business on Three
creek from 1887 to 1891, and held the position of postmaster there. In i8<;i
moved to Hot Spring, Bruneau valley, and engaged in hotel business there in
partnership with Chris Olsen, and in 1892 was appointed postmaster.

During the fall of 1884 he was a member of the fourteenth territorial legis-
lature, representing Owyhee county.

LEWIS, JUDGE ELISHA, was born in Claylick, Franklin county,
Pennsylvania, May 24, 1834. At the age of seventeen he left home for Ohio,
where he clerked until the spring of 1853, when, in a company of ten, he
crossed the plains for California, arriving there September 25. 1853. He
engaged in placer mining, principally at Jackson and Indian diggings, and
in the spring of 1858 joined the crowd for Eraser river, and was one of the
first discoverers of the celebrated Cariboo mines. Bad health compelled' him
to leave British Columbia, aiid'he settled af.'DayfoiiVlpregon. In August, 1861,
lie joined a company of sixty-one volufiteets. for the purpose of exploring
t.!ie Blue mountains. They di^c<>V&re3* •gbod= prospects at John Day river, and
returned to The Dalles and reported same in October. One Bud Woodward,
a well-to-do merchant of f'o/tIarid',''.^ecahi^. interested, and they organized
a party of thirty-one and returncxi-to.,the- J-ohH . Day country, but. the winter
proving severe, they concluded to send their animals to The Dalles; but the
p;irty escorting them, numbering twelve, were all but one killed by the
Indians, besides losing their outfits and sixty head of horses, worth, all told.
about $12,000.00. The survivors of the party, upon hearing the sad news.
organized a company, elected Lewis as captain, and, after a severe and perilous
trip of over 200 miles, reached The Dalles on the first of March, where they
were hospitably received by the inhabitants. In August, 1862, he secured an
interest in a placer claim, in partnership with one L. W. Getchell. at Mormon
basin, and ]>y June, 1865, secured a homestake of $10,000.00. With this he
returned East and engaged in farming in Michigan, and on October 3. 1866.
was married to Charlotte E. Colt, of Suspension Bridge, Niagara county. Xew
York.

He continued farming at various points in the East until 1873, when he
sold out and riturned to the Pacific coast. During the autumn of 18^)4. while
at Portland, he purchased from one P. M. Coffin an interest in the Crane
& Dreggs mine (now Cumberland), and in July, 1865, made a visit to Owyhee
for the purpose of inspecting this property, stopping at the Miners' hotel.
Ivuby City, and tiiis leil liim to return to Silver City, where he arrived and
stopped at the Idaho hotel, May 14, 1873. A month later he engaged in the
general merchandise business, which he continued for over three years, and in
the meantime, in 1874, purchased the Leviathan (now the Alpine) for $4,000.00.
He worked tliis property until he had exhausted his resources and had involved
himself, but took to his old pursuit of placer mining, and on one claim in Long
gulch, running from the Blaine tunnel to the mill, he took out $6,000.00; and

128 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

in the summer of 1884 he took out of another claim, near the old Morning
Star millsite, over $2,000.00.

For two years prior to July, 1889, he served as road overseer, and was then
appointed probate judge, to fill the vacancy of J. B. Coakley, and was subse-
quently elected to that position for three terms, his last term expiring January,
1897. He also for over twenty-one years held the position of superintendent
of Sabbath schools at Silver City.

LINEHAN, MR. PATRICK, was born in the County Cork, Ireland, in
March, 1841. His parents emigrated to New York city in 1851, and in 1858
he left home for New Mexico. Was engaged in stock raising there until
1861. when he went to California and mined at Shasta until 1866. From 1866
to 1870 was teaming between Boise and Silver City, Idaho, and then located
on Pickett creek, where he has since permanently resided, engaged in ranching
and fruit raising.

LYNAM, JUDGE JAMES, was born in New York city in 1820, afterward
removing to Louisiana. In 1846 he enlisted and served as a private in the
Mexican war, participating in the battle of Buena Vista. After his discharge,
he joined the rush to the California gold fields, arriving there when the
excitement was at its highest pitch. From Shasta, California, he visited the
Florence diggings, in Idaho, and came to Owyhee in October, 1863. His trade
was that of a carpenter, but during his career on this coast he devoted most of
his time to mining and law. He served several terms as justice of the peace
in the early history of Silver City, and also held the position of probate judge.
For sixteen years he was the auditor and recorder of the county. He was
an old and respected member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. He departed this
life January 20, 1893.

McCABE, MR. PATRICK, was born in Canada in 1834. In the spring of
1857 he went to California, where he remained about one year, going to
the Cariboo country in British Columbia in 1858. Came to Owyhee county
in 1866, where he has since resided. Mr. McCabe is an engineer by trade, and
has operated many of the largest hoists in the Owyhee mines. He was mar-
ried in 1874 to Miss Ellen Sullivan. He was made a Mason in 1872, and
is a prominent member of that fraternity.

McDonald, MR. DOUGALD, was bom near Montreal, Canada, May
10, 1849. His schooling was limited, and he left home at the age of sixteen,
and went to California and Nevada, where he engaged in ranching and team-
ing. He arrived in Silver City in the early part of 1871, and has been perma-
nently engaged in teaming and ranching in this county since that date.

He located at Democrat September, 1895, where, aside from his freighting
business, he carries on a hotel, saloon, blacksmith shop, feed stables, etc. He
aiso owns a well-cultivated ranch of about 160 acres, located at Reynolds creek.

Mr. McDonald is well known along the line among the shippers of freight,
and better known by the sobriquet of "Little Mac."

A. J. Palmer.

(ieorfic H'. Palmer.

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V/i i iAMSJ/r-H4fM

John Portloch.

Hilton H. Presby.

■■■■ tj £ '\r^

PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LENOX

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 129

McELMEKL. MR. STEPHEN, was born in PittshurR. Pennsylvania,
November 28, 1848. In 1855 his parents moved to near Dubuque. Iowa, wliere
he received a hmited schoolinp, and at an early a^e engaged in farming. Left
lioiiic in i86g, and was for about five years engaged in engineering along the
line of the Union Pacific railroad. Arrived at Silver City in 1874, and since
then li.is been engaged in engineering, mining and prospecting up to present
(late, lie took a prominent part in the Indian fight of 1878, and during that
summer was one of the principal scouts of the Purdy party.

McMAHON. MR. JOHN, was born in Sydney Mines, Cape Breton island.
Nova Scotia, in 1840. With his family, at the age of nine, he went to the
Pennsylvania coal mines, and when thirteen years and six months old to

California.

In March, 1864. in company with Con Shea, he came to Owyhee county,
and followed mining until 1868, when he built the first foundry in Idaho at
Silver City. In partnership with Con Shea, he engaged in teaming and cattle
business for several years, and had some early-day experience with Indians.
In iSjt he went to San Francisco, and was captain of guard in the United
States mint for twenty-six months. He" thru resigned, and worked on the
"Comstock" from 1876 to i38o, having' previously worked there in 1862.
While there, ran as state s^riatbr ■froifi StOrey* courity, Nevada. In 1880 went
to Arizona, where he erected a, mill for a New York company. Returned to
Silver City in 1882, and s'lnc.^- .ttjepi jfias liecn engaged in wool growing and
mining, latterly mining. -I^flao-L...Jiequ9» r\ capritalist well known in Cal-
ifornia and on the "Comstock," and McMahon together put in the first pump
in the Burke and Hamilton, of Gold Hill. Nevada, in 1862.

McVANN, MR. JOHN, was born in County Sligo, Province of Con-
naught. Ireland, in 1847. and came to the United States in 1870. In 1875 he
came to Silver City, via Winnemucca, Nevada, residing since in Owyhee County.
Followed mining and milling until 1882. and at the time of the organization
of the Miners' Union in 1879 he was elected its first president. Took up
ranching and stock raising in 1883; his ranch, located at the mouth of the
Bruneau river, being well improved. He was deputy assessor under S. J.
Pritchard in 1890, and also served a term as constable of Grandview precinct.
Was twice elected justice of the peace, but never qualified.

MIKKELSON, MR. GILBERT, was born in Norway, and came to
Placerville. Boise county, in 1870, coming to Owyhee county in 1872. where he
lias since resided. Mr. Mikkelson has followed prospecting and mining during
his long residence in this county, and recently sold the "South Central" and
"Christiania ' mines on War Eagle mountain (which he owned jointly with
his mining partner. Steve McElmeel). to an English company, known as the
South Central & Christiania Syndicate, Ltd. The property is valuable, being a
south extension of the old "Illinois Central." and. while not prospected to any
great extent, has thus far more than paid all expenditures made for develop-
ment. Mr. Mikkelson also owns various claims in different sections of this
district, prominent among which are those of Cow creek.

130 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

MILLS, MR. EZRA, was born in New Jersey in 1840, and died at his
home in Wagontown on November 4, 1896, of heart failure. Mr. Mills was the
first assessor of Owyhee county, and always took an active interest in the
political affairs of the state and nation. He was married in Silver City on July
29, 1867, to Miss Catherine Boehmer, and nine children, all living, blessed the
union, as follows: Mrs. Ida Fry, Mrs. Mary Coburn, Mrs. Rose Bowen, Mrs.
Grace Sommerville, Miss Dora, and Messrs. Alonzo, Benjamin, Timothy and
James Mills. Mr. Mills was a man of humorous temperament, and a fluent
writer; and, under the nom de plume of "Malheur," published many inter-
esting narratives. He located upon a ranch at Trout creek in 1880, but in
the early '90s purchased the old stage station at Wagontown, where the widow
and younger children still reside.

MITCHELL, MR. JOHN, was born in Truro, Cornwall, England, March
9, 1847, but emigiated from there, with his parents, a baby in arms, to
America, locating at Chicago, Illinois, and subsequently at Milwaukee, Wis-
consin.

In 1864, at the age of seventeen, he struck out for Owyhee county, and
arrived at Silver City in August of that year. He mined at Fairview, War
Eagle mountain, until 1870, when he engaged in stockraising and farming,
and also was in the livery-stable business at Silver City in 1880. In 1881 he
located at Bruneau valley, and from 1887 to 1893 was in the livery business at
Mountain Home. In 1893 he returned to Bruneau vallley, and again engaged
in ranching and general merchandising, and is now of the well-known firm of
Mitchell & Baltzer, of that place.

Mr. Mitchell is a member of the A. F. & A. M., and was county com-
missioner in 1882-4.

NOBLE, MR. TQHN, SR., whom we can safely say is the oldest inhabi-
tant of Owyhee ', > anty, is the father of Robert Noble, the well-known wool-
grower of Owyhee county. Mr. Noble was born in Kirklinton parish, county
Cumberland, England, August 13, 1800. In 1854 he emigrated to Canada, ana
from there moved to Tonawanda, New York. Resided there over twenty
years, and since then has resided successively in Illinois, Iowa, Kansas and
Nebraska, and has made his home in Idaho with his son, Robert Noble^ since
May, 1895.

He is the father of thirteen children, grandfather to thirty-nine, and great-
grandfather to sixteen. His ninety-fifth birthday was celebrated with great
eclat at his son's residence, on August 1-3, 1895, and he anticipates another
joyful gathering upon reaching his century mark, on which occasion we
fervently trust we may all be there to see.

NOBLE, MR. ROBERT, was born in county Cumberland, England,
October 19, 1844. In 1854 his parents emigrated to Canada, and from there
in 1857 to Tonawanda, New York state. At the outbreak of the Rebellion, he
enlisted in the United States army, serving in the quartermaster's department,
armies of the Northwest and Cumberland, until the close of the war, and,
after his discharge, engaged in farming in Illinois, until 1870, when he came

■i^^ttL

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^^,#/^«^^A.->4'^M>/A/Ml~/ '../«

Oliver H. Ptirdv.

Abram Roberson.

Stephen A. Roberson and wife.

./. H . KoKzee.

PUBLIC Liiifvi^RY

ASTOR, LENOX

TILDEN FOUNDATION

OWYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 131

to Idalio and engaged in shecpraising, in which he has since continued
with marked success, and lias been located in Owyhee county since 1874. Is
a member of the A. F. & A. M., Boise comniandery, and I. O. O. F. fraternities.

OLSEN, MR. HARRY, was born in Nikjoping, Falster island, Denmark,
September 2, 1841. At an early age, followed the sea and visited all portions
of the globe, finally settling in California in the spring of i86_'. From Cali-
fornia he went to Virginia City, Nevada, and from there came to Silver City,
Idaho, April 7, 1865. Was steward for More & Fogus for about a year, and
tlien started a poultry ranch, and operated in mines with good success. In
i<S73 he made a trip to Europe, married there and returned to Silver City. In
1882 he purcliased the Owyhee Exchange building at Silver City, moved it to
Oreana, and opened it tlure as the Oreana hotel, which he continued until
June, 1896, when lie closed it up and engaged in ranching, poultry-raising and
beekeeping.

Is a member of the A. F. & A. M., and has never sought any political
favors.

PAUL, CAPTAIN GEORGE WASHINGTON, was born in Dairy,
New Hampshire, August 6, 1823. He received at common school education,
and, after leaving school, 'ilearned the trade of carpentering. In 1842 he left
liome, at tlie age of nineteen, apd. visited diflferent parts of the South, work-
ing at Ills trade. In 1846 he. ioin,e<i. the St. -J^Quis legion, and under General
'I'aylor participated in the •en-gagemertt at Monterey. He then returned to
St. Louis and organized a company, of which he became lieutenant, and
served on the frontier, becoming also regimental quartermaster.

At the close of the Mexican war he went to Washington, and from there
struck out for California, arriving at San Francisco July 16, 1849. Engaged
in mining and stockraising at the mines, and, in 1856, for about a year ran a
tage line from Los Angeles to San Diego. He then engaged in cattle trading
between California and British Columbia, and in 1861 went to Hong Kong,
China, where he engaged in flour speculations, and on his return from there,
in 1864, was shipwrecked at Cape Flattery, he and three sailors being the only
ones who reached the shore, by making a raft and suffering intense privations
for three days.

From 1866 to 1870 he was engaged in cattle trading between Boise City
and Silver City, locating at Silver City in 1867. In 1870 he located a ranch
aj Castle creek, being the first settler in that section, and has since permanently
resided there, engaged in ranching and fruitraising.

PENCE, MR. ARTHUR, was born in Des Moines county. Iowa, February
10, 1847. Schooled there, and was brought up on the farm. In 1864 he crossed
tl.c plains with an ox team, and spent the winter in Idaho City, the following
spring engaging in mining. In iS<)()-7 was engaged in freighting between
Umatilla and Boise; in 1868 ranched near Caldwell, and in 1869 located in
Bruneau valley, where he has since permanently resided, engaged in ranching
and stockraising.

132 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

Is a member of the I. O. O. F. and K. of P. fraternities, and has never
aspired to any political office.

PALMER BROTHERS, THE, twin brothers, Andrew Jackson Palmer
and George Washington Palmer, were born in Somerset county, Maine,
November lo, 1833. At the age of seventeen they left home for Boston, where
thejr obtained employment and remained until 1854, whn they struck out for
California by way of the isthmus, reaching San Francisco in June, 1854.

They then engaged in placer-mining and hotel-keeping, in Trinity county.
California, until 1864, when Andrew left for Walla Walla, leaving his brother
George in Trinity county. Andrew then engaged in packing between Walla
Walla and Owyhee and the basin, making several trips to Silver City. In
j86g he was joined by George, and they located in Jordan valley, engaged in
ranching. In 1875, during the South Mountain excitement, they joined the
crowd and went broke.

For a couple of years they mined on Florida hill, and in 1880 located at
Pleasant Valley and engaged in stockraising. Gave up their ranch in 1892,
but still continued in the stockraising business. Are the owners of good mining
property on Florida mountain, and are also engaged in wood-contracting.

PORTLOCK, MR. JOHN, was born in Shelby county, Indiana, January
22, 1833, and left there at the age of sixteen, with his parents, and moved to
Fulton county, Illinois. He went to Iowa in 1855, and remained there until
1857, when he crossed the plains for California, and was engaged in mining
for several years in Shasta, Trinity and Siskiyou counties. In 1862 he made
a prospecting tour to Idaho, and located at Boise basin, where he mined until
1866, when he came to Owyhee county, and was engaged in mining on the
War Eagle until 1882, when he located in Bruneau valley and engaged in
woolgrowing and farming.

He owns two ranches in Bruneau valley, consisting of 360 acres, fenced,
partly cultivated, but mostly pasture lands.

Mr. Portlock is a member of Silver City lodge, A. F. & A. M., but has
never sought an office at the hands of his neighbors.

His son, H. S. Portlock, who resides in the valley, is a native son of
Idaho, and was born at Payette, Ada county.

PRESBY, MR. MILTON HARRIMAN, was born in Bradford, New
Hampshire, May 19, 1821. Received a common school education, and fol-
lowed the farm until he reached the age of nineteen, when he went to Boston
and clerked there until 1849, when he left for California, arriving there Jan-
uary 20, 1850. Was custom-house inspector for a short time at San Fran-
cisco, and then struck out for the mines. After farming and mining in various
parts of California and Nevada, he arrived at Ruby City, July 4, 1865, and
engaged in the dairy business at Silver City, his dairy being located at Avon-
dale, two miles from Silver City. Did a lucrative business there, and in
March, 1870, located at Castle creek, where he was engaged in ranching up
to the time of his death, which occurred April 24, 1895.

-•.

Mft'w

George O. Sampson.

John Scales.

Charles E. Share.

nrs. Diadama H. Share.

PUBLIC LiBEARY.

ASTOR, LENOX

OWYHEE curx/y, ji>.\no. ]:«

Mr. Prcshy was postmaster at Castle Creek thirteen years, and hcl<l the
office of justice of peace in that precinct over ei^litecn years. He was held in

high estetni by all who knew liim.

PURDY, MR. OLIVER II.\Z.\RD. was born in Barre. Orleans county.
N. Y., September 12, 1824. He crossed the plains in '49, and was for several

years onj^agcd in mining at the various diggings in California. Subse<|Uenlly
he taught school in Oregon, and when the Hoisc basin excitement broke nut
was one of the first to reach that locality.

He was a nKnilicr of the "twenty-nine" party who on May 18, 186.V discov-
ered the Owyhee mines, and was engaged in mining at Silver City until 1870,
when he went to Utah; but returned in 1S74 to Silver City, where he resided
up tt) tlie time of his decease.

When tlie safety of Silver Citj' was threatened by the Bannock Indians, in
June, 1878, he was one of the first to enlist in the volunteer company orj^anizcd
for the defense of the settlements, and lost his life in the engagement
with the Indians that took place at South Mountain on June 8, 1878. He was
deputy auditor and recorder of Owyhee county for several years, and on
tlie death of County Treasurer FJenry Hyman. in 1875, was appointed to fill
iiis iilace. He was also, principal of the* pu'blfC; school at Silver City for a
good many years, was ^'Hicmber-pf the M^jsqaic fraternity, for several years
secretary of the grand lodge olf" Idaho, jrnd was ji prominent Odd Fellow; was
l)uric(l in the Masonic eemetepy. .^t SJlyer City.*

< ■•'"''•' ~--- -•-^■- \-^:. •• • •
ROBERSON, MR.' ■A"BRA-M-r'wa-5l~boiut,in Crawford county. Indiana.

August 10, 1819. His family left there when he was seven years old, and

settled in .-Xdams county, Illinois. In 1833 he left home and settled in

Wapello county, Iowa. In 1851 he crossed the plains with an ox team, and

spent about five years in Oregon and California, engaged in mining. In i83(>

he returned home by way of the isthmus, and remained there until 1864, when

he again came West and located at Boise City. He moved to Bruneau valley

in 1869, where he has since permanently resided, engaged in ranching and

stockraising.

ROBERSON. MR. STEPHEN ANDREW, was born in Wapello c.unty.
Iowa, October 22,, 1849. He was the son of Uncle Abe Roberson, a pn»niinent
pioneer of Bruneau valley, and at the age of fifteen, with his parents, located
in Boise City, Idaho, in the fall of 1864. He followed the business of cattle-
raising, and located in Brune.iu valley in i86<), where he resided up to the
time of his demise, which occurred July 25. 1893. and was buried at Brunt-.m.
tile funeral being largely attended.

He was married at Caldwell, in 1SS3, to Miss Nettie Bishop, who still
survives him, and wlio resides on the old homestead at Bruneau.

Mr. Roberson was a man possessed of sterling and po|)ular (|ualities. and
his early demise was deeply deplored by his neighbors and associates.

ROWZEE, M k. j. \\ .. was born in Madison county, Virginia, September
4, 1846. At the outbreak of the Rebellion, he espoused the cause of the Con-

134 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

federacy, and enlisted in the Fourth Virginia cavalry, and served until the
surrender of Lee's army at Appomattox courthouse; and after the disband-
ment of the army returned to his home in Virginia. In the spring of 1871 he
struck out for the West via Texas, crossing the plains with a herd of cattle
belonging to George T. Miller, now of Healdsburg, California, bound for
Idaho, and arrived at Silver City October 27, 1871, since which date he has
resided continuously in Owyhee county, engaged in the stockraising business,
and at present resides at Catherine creek, where he has a fine ranch of 160
acres, mostly under cultivation.

SAMPSON, MR. GEORGE O., was born in California in 1857, and came
to Idaho with his parents in 1864, first locating at Boise. He came to Silver
City in 1871, and followed engineering for about fifteen years, running some of
the largest hoists in the camp. In 1893 he purchased the Silver City & De
Lamar stage line, and in January. 1894, in partnership with Mr. J. C. Brown,
bought out the De Lamar Livery Company, and in October, 1895, they also
purchased the Owyhee livery stables, of Silver City. In October, 1896, they
sold the De Lamar livery stable and the stage line to Messrs. Scott, McCain
and Forney, retaining the Silver City business, which is conducted in a
metropolitan manner. In 1896 they purchased the big Palmer ranch, in
Pleasant valley, having about 800 acres under fence, and cutting fully 300
tons of hay the past season. They have an abundance of pasturage for
their surplus livery stock, etc. Mr. Sampson represented Owyhee county in
the 1888 session of the legislature. He is a member of the Masonic and K.
of P. societies.

SCALES, MR. JOHN, was born in Ireland, in 1840. Emigrated to the
state of Maine in 1855, and in 1868 came to Owyhee county, via the Isthmus of
Panama and California. Located at Silver City, and followed mining and
milling until 1877, when, in partnership with John Wagener, he purchased the
Shoenbar arrastra, and the Trook & Jennings mine. The arrastra has since
been run as a custom mill. In 1891 Mr. Scales discovered that a considerable
amount of valuable tailings was going to waste from the big DeLaniar mill,
and, after making satisfactory arrangements with the De Lamar company, he
purchased the Ed. Moss ranch, three miles below, upon which he excavated
large reservoirs, and built a flume from the mill to the same. In 1893 he
erected a "tailing mill" upon the property, and the enterprise has proven highly
successful and very profitable. Mr. S. T. N. Smith, of Silver City, owns a
one-third interest in the business.

Mr. Scales was married in 1879. He has served Owyhee county as com-
missioner for three terms.

SCHUSTER, MR. FRANK, was born in Rhein Provinz. Preussen,
December 13, 1822. At an early age he followed the sea, and on May 6, 1854,
landed at San Francisco, and coasted until 1855, when he followed in the wake
of the "Kern-river excitement." On his return was farming in Santa Clara
valley, California, and then was placer mining in Klamath county, and other
prominent diggings in Oregon, until the spring of 1862, when he purchased
a pack train at Yreka, and struck out from Umatilla for Idaho City. In

S. T. A. Smith.

millam ^. Hommtnamp.

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VIBI

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Lyman Stanford.

Hllllam S. Stinns.

THE NEW YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASIXJR, LENOX
Tll-DEM FOUNDATION

OWYHEE CULXJ y, IDAHO. 135

1866 he arrived at Silver City, disposed of his pack train, and purchased an
interest in the mercantile firm of Henry Myers & Co. In 1868 he retired from
business and subsequently took a rancii at Reynolds creek for an indebtedness,
and has since resided there, engaged in ranching and stock raising.

SHARE, MR. CHARLES EDWARD, was b(jrM in M<,ntg.)mery county.
Ohio, September 29, 1835. In 1858 he handled the ril;b<jns lor the ol<l Uutter
field Overland Stage Company, running from St. Louis, Missouri, to San Diego,
California; and subsequently drove the stage from Virginia City, Nevada, to
Austin, Nevada, until the completion of the Central Pacific railroad. He
then held the box-seat for the Woodruft & Ennor line, running between
Palisades, Nevada, and Eureka, Nevada, until 1874, when he came to Idaho
and drove stage for the Northwest stage line, running between Silver City
:iiid Boise City. Retired from stagedriving in April, 1877, and opened his well-
known resort. Share's stage house, where the old veteran's genial features are
familiar to all those who have the good fortune to patronize his hostelry.

On June 24, 1875, he was married to Miss Diadama Harriet Dryden,
daughter of Fatlier Dryden, and the happy couple celebrated their china
wedding on June J4, 1895, at which time it was the heartfelt wish of every
participant that the genial host and hostess should live to enjoy their golden
wedding. Mr. Share was county-conirais&iooier.for the term of 1887-8.

SHARE, MRS. DIADAMA HA RR I liT; -nee Dryden, was born in Linn
county, Missouri, February u, 1851, and in 1864 crossed the plains in a prairie
schooner, with her father .and mother, Mr.-and Mrs. W. W. Dryden, the family
settling in ]\Iiddleton, Idaho, until "1869, when they moved to Reynolds creek,
where they have since resided. She is the wife of. Charles E. Share, and was
united to him June 24, 1875, and celebrated her china wedding June 24. i8<j>5.
amidst the felicitations and congratulations of her many friends, who unani-
mously wished her the happiness of witnessing her golden wedding.

SMITH, S. T. N., was born in Meddybemps, Washington county.
Maine, on November 21, 1842. Left for California in 1863. arriving there in
November of that year, and came to Silver City, Idaho, in October, 1805. On
the sixth day of November he secured employment with the Cosmos company,
grading for its mill building, and continued work with that company until
the summer of 1868. The erection of the Cosmos mill is without i)recedent
in Owyhee mill building. Ground was broken for the same on November 6.
1865, at which time not a stick of timber or a piece of machinery was upon
the ground, hut the ten >tamp mill was completed and the engine started on
February 14, i8bt), just one hundred and one days, and that in the dead <if an
Owyhee winter. In July, 1868, Mr. Smith bought a half interest in F. Brain-
ard's Pleasant v.iliey ranch. In November, 1871, he went back to New Eng-
land on a visit, and was married at Machias, Maine, on May 19, 1872, to Miss
E. Edgccomb, of that city, returning to Plea>^ant valley in July. Sold out the
ranch in September, 1874, to Mr. John Catlow, and returned to Silver City,
where he purchased the Charles Leonard drug store, which business he con-
ducted continuously until November, 1889. when he disposed of the same to
M. Oberdorfcr. Mr. Smith was appointed postmaster in 1888, but resigned in

13(5 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

favor of Mr. Obcrdorfer when he Sf)l(l his drug store. On December i, 1889,
he purchased the Idaho hotel from Mr. T. Regan, and has since conducted this
excellent hostelry. In 1892' Mr. Smith was nominated by the republican party
for county treasurer, and his popularity was such that his nomination was
endorsed by the democrats, and lie was elected without opposition. In 1894
he was re-elected in the same manner, and in 1896 refused to allow his name
to go into the convention. Mr. Smith's wife died July 25, 1875. On March
21, 1877, he was married to Mrs. M. E. Wilson, the present hostess at the
Idaho. Mr. Smith is interested in numerous mining enterprises, and owns
a one-third interest in the Scales tailing-mill business at Wagontown. He
is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity.

SOMMERCAMP, MR. WILLIAM FRANZ, was born in Hanover, Ger-
many, April 18, 1828. Emigrated to the United States and settled at Inde-
pendence, Missouri, in 1847. In 1852 he went to Albany, Oregon, and three
years later took up his residence at Shasta Valley, California. Came to Silver
City in 1864, and established himself in business, bringing his family here the
following year. Mr. Sommercamp was prominent in the early placer mining
of Owyhee, in and about old Ruby City, and constructed one of the big
Florida mountain ditches, with extensive flumes, for conveying water upon
his ground. He was a good business man, enterprising in all matters
of a public nature, and genero' , to a fault. At the time the War Eagle
mines closed down, owing business men and employes large sums of money,
Mr. Sommercamp headed the subscription paper for the relief of destitute
miners and their amilies, and was always foremost in works of charity.
For a numbe- of years prior to his death he had large cattle and horse
interests, and a well-improved ranch on Squaw creek. He was also
largely interested in mining, having a large group of valuable claims on De
Lamar mountain, and the Potosi property in Silver City. The former group
was afterwards purchased by the De Lamar company. After a long life of
usefulness, in which he had accumulated a fair fortune, Mr. Sommercamp met
with a violent death. He was at his De Lamar mines, making some measure-
ments near the St. Clair shaft, and tripped and fell into the shaft. The shaft
was not deep, but he evidently struck some timbers, and was dead when
reached. His death, which occurred on August 7. 1890, was universally
regretted, and the funeral, under the auspices of the I. O. O. F., fraternity, was
one of the largest ever held in Owyhee. His wife, three sons and one daughter
now reside in Weiser, this state.

STANFORD, MR. LYMAN, was born in Schuyler county, New York,
February 25, 1827. He left home for California in 1859, and located at
Sacramento. From there went to Red Bluff, where he engaged in mercantile
business until 186.3, when he went to Lewiston, Idaho, and was a member of
the first territorial legislature of Idaho. In the spring of 1864 he was appointed
by the governor of the territory, sheriff of Owyhee county, and was subse-
quently, ^it the first election held in the county, elected to that position, which
he held one year. He died at North Powder, Oregon, March 22, 1897.

STEVENS, MR. WILLIAM S., was born in Ross county, Ohio, July 29.
1829. In 1847 his family moved to Iowa, where his father died; and in 1850

Chris Studer.

John R. Thomas.

Eldrldge 4. Thompson.

William H Tot^iiMiid

THE MEW YCI;K
PUBLIC LIBRARY

ASTOR, LENOX
TlLDEtl FOUNDATION

OH'YHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 137

he crossed the plains for California, with an ox team, arriving at Nevada City
September 19, 1850. Mined there and in other localities until 1863, when he
went t(j IIuinh(jl{lt county, Nevada. From tliere he struck out for the Owyhee
mines, reaching there in June, 1864, and was one of the volunteers of the Jordan
party, who routed the Indians in the Owyhee canyon in July, 1864, in which
engagement Jordan and Carroll were killed. He mined in Oro Fino,
Poorman and other prominent mines in the early days, and was also
engaged in prospecting on his own account. In 1868 was elected
sheriff of Owyhee county, and re-elected in 1870. Was married to
Harriet A. Fell on October 7, 1868. They have one daughter, Mrs. E. L.
Ballard, of Silver City. In 1875 Mr. Stevens located at Flint, and engaged in
tlie stock business, wliich lie still follows. Was elected and served as county
commissioner fcjr the 1881-2 term. Mr. Stevens is a Masonic member.

STUCKER, MR. A. J., was born in Jefferson county, Indiana, December
14, 1828. Moved to Iowa in 1850, and crossed the plains for California in 1854.
Arrived at Silver City in 1865, and, as he himself aptly remarks, "has never
l)een out of the sight of old War Eagle mountain since." F"or over thirty years
has been engaged in the blacksmith and wagon-building business in Owyhee
county, being at present located at GufFey, this county.

STUDER, MR. CHRIS, was born in Zurich, Switzerland, in 1839. While
farming in Illinois in 1859, he made the acquaintance of Jacob Dellenbach,
and, at the breaking out of the Pike's Peak excitement, they struck out for
tliat place, crossing the plains with an ox team. Meeting with disappoint-
ment at Pike's Peak, they continued on to California, and located at Weaver-
ville, where they engaged in placer mining. In 1865, together they came to
Silver City, and took up a wood ranch until the summer of 1868, when, in
partnership with Joseph C. Gross and Frank Schuster, they became the
owners of the Blue Gulch gravel claim on Florida mountain. At the
"Indian outbreak" in June, 1878, Mr. Studer was one of the first to vol-
unteer his services, and at the disastrous engagement at South mountain,
on June 8, 1878, nobly gave up his life in defense of the hearths and homes
of Owyhee county. He was a worthy member of the I. O. O. F., and his
funeral, which took place June 10, 1878. at Silver City, under the auspices of
the I. O. O. F., was one of the largest witnessed in this locality, citizens and
strangers to the number of several hundred participating in the sad demon-
stration. Mr. Studer was a plain, uiiassmning man, and held in high esteem
by all his acquaintances.

THOMAS, MR. JOHN R.. was born in the Island of Anglesea. North
Wales, on May 10, 1841. Commenced mining at an early age, and in 1864
emigrated to Nova Scotia, where he was engaged in mining until 1868. when
he struck out for California, and for about two years was coal mining on
Mount Diablo. In the spring of 1870 he went to Owyhee county, and for
several years was foreman of several mining companies on War Eagle moun-
tain. In 1883 he went to Wood river, and returned from there in 1896, accept-
ing the position of foreman of the Florida Mountain Mining Company, which
position he still holds. Mr. Thomas has had a vast and varied experience in

138 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF

mining matters, and is looked iipon as an authority in mining circles generally.
He is a member of the A. O. U. W.

THOMPSON, ELDRIDGE A., was born in Hookset, N. H., February
20, 1833. Came to California in 1857, via the Isthmus of Panama; to Elk
City, Idaho, in 1862; to Boise Basin in April, 1863, and to Owyhee in June,
1864, where he has since resided. Mr. Thomson has been chiefly engaged in
mining, but clerked at various times for William Hardiman, Du Rell & Moore,
Sol Hearst, and others. He owns the Advalorem and Idlewild mines, on
War Eagle mountain, both valuable properties. For the past eight years he
has held the position of chief clerk at the Idaho hotel, for the proprietor, S. T.
N. Smith, and also served as deputy treasurer for the two terms of that
office held by Mr. Smith. Mr. Thompson is a valued member of the Masonic
fraternity.

TOWNSEND, MR. WILLIAM HENRY, was born at Shoreham, Ver-
mont, on April 12, 1832, and, with his parents, at the age of twelve, emigrated
to Winnebago county, Wisconsin, where he remained until February, 1853,
when he crossed the plains for California, where he mined at all the prominent
mining localities until 1857. Then he engaged in ranching in Mendocino
county, California, remaining there until the spring of 1862, when he joined a
party bound for Powder river district, and landed in what is now called
Owyhee county in June, 1863, camping on the site of what was subsequently
known as Ruby City. Since then he has been engaged in mining up to about
fifteen years ago, when he entered the furniture and undertaking business, in
which he has since continued.

Mr. Townsend participated in the several Indian fights of the county, is a
member of the I. O. O. F., and served two terms as county commissioner.

TOY, MR. WILLIAM, was born in Cornwall, England, on May 15, 1845.
Received only a limited schooling, and engaged in mining at an early age. In
1862 he emigrated to America, and located in Michigan, where he mined for
several years in the Phoenix and Clifif copper mines. In 1868 he came West,
and, after a year mining at Virginia City, Nevada, he located at Silver City, and
was engaged in mining in the Allison, Poorman and Golden Chariot mines
until 1884, when he purchased a ranch at Castle creek, where he has since per-
manently resided, engaged in farming and stock raising.

Is a member of the Silver City Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and also was a
member of the Miners' Union at Fairview, serving as vice-president in that
order in the year of 1876.

TURNER, MR. JOHN, was born in London, England, October 22, 1841.
He received only a limited schooling, and at an early age followed the occupa-
tion of grazier. At the age of twenty-five he emigrated to the United States,
and followed various pursuits, participating in the construction of the Union
Pacific railroad. In September, 1869, he located in the Bruneau valley, where
he has since resided, continuously engaged in stockraising and farming.

John Turner.

John L phum

Louis W. Walker

r/iomas ./. West.

THE hi-
PUBLIC LibhAhY

ASTOR, LENOX

OIVYHEE COUNTY, IDAHO. 139

Mr. Turner does not belong to any society, and has never soukIu any
office witliin tlie gift of his neighbors, but took a prominent i)art in the Indian
wars of the valley. He is the owner of one of the largest and prettiest ranches
in the valley, a view of which we present in another portion of this work.

TURNER, MRS. EMMA, nee Footman, the wife of the well-known
rancher of Bruneau valley, Mr. John Turner, was born in London, England.
March 12, 1848, and was married to Mr. Turner, March 19, 1866. With her
husband, she located in the Valley of the Bruneau, September, 1869, and has
since that date presided over the household of the Turner family in that
locality.

Mrs. Turner enjoys the distinction of being the first white lady settler
in the Bruneau valley, and is the mother of William Isaac Turner, whose wife
is the daughter of Wenzel Turmes, of Shoo Fly, and Miss Adelaide Turner,
who resides at the Turner homestead.

UPHAM, MR. JOHN, was born in England, September 24, 1819. but
his boyhood was spent in France. At the age of eighteen he came to the
United States, and settled in Maine, where he followed the trade of pump and
l>lockmaker. In 1851 he struck out for California, and resided for several
years at Grass Valley, and subsequently at Dun Glen, Nevada. In 1868 he
came to Silver City, making it his home, and was for several years engaged
in the furniture and undertaking business, in partnership with W. H. Town-
send. He departed this life May 29, 1895, after a lingering illness, and was
buried at Silver City. Was a member of the Masonic and I. O. O. F. fra-
ternities, Knight Templar commandery, Champion Red Cross, Temple of
Honor and Sons of Temperance.

WALKER, MR. LEWIS WILSON, was born in Frederick. Maryland.
October 19, 1838. Left home in 1856, and went to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.
where he obtained employment as a barber, and remained there until 1859.
when, with one Mr. Alden, he went to St. Joe, Missouri, and took charge of
the barber shop connected with the Patce house. When the war broke out he
went to Denver and opened up a barber shop there. In the spring of i8<)j he
left Denver, bound for the Salmon river diggings, crossing the plains with an
ox team, the trip being a perilous one, the outfit being attacked by Indians on
several occasions. On reaching Idaho, the Salmon river excitement having
abated, he made his way to Auburn, Oregon, and from there he went to
Boise basin, wlicre he spent tiie summer of 1863. Returned to Auburn. Oregon.
and from there struck out for Owyhee county, arriving at Ruby City in
April, 1864. He opened a barber shop there, and in the fall moved to Silver
City, being one of the first to erect a building there. Continued in business
at Silver City until 1880, when he went to Wooil river and opened a shop.
remaining there until 1890, when he returned to Owyhee county and opened
a shop at De Lamar, continuing there until a year ago, when he engaged in
business at Dewey, where he is at present located. Mr. Walker has large
'eal estate holdings in Silver City, De Lamar and Dewey, and has unbounded
iajtb in the future of Owyhee county.

140 HISTORICAL DIRECTORY OF OlVYHEh COUNTY.

WEST, MR. THOMAS LATCHFORD, was born in London, Canada,
March 7, 1840. He passed his youth on his father's farm at London, Canada,
and at the age of twenty went to Mayfield, CaHfornia, where for three years he
managed the racing farm of liis uncle. He then left for Virginia City,
Nevada, where he secured a position in a (luartz mill, and in 1866 he located
in Owyhee county, Idaho, and for about two years was engaged in sheep-
raising. He then entered the Golden Chariot mine, at Fairview, Idaho, where
he soon assumed the foremanship, holding that position until the close-down,
ten years later.

In 1874 he was married to Miss Matilda Umber, of Fairview, and, in 1881,
accompanied by his family, he left for Richmond basin, near Globe City,
Arizona, where he took charge of the McMorris mine, holding same until
its close-down, three years later. He then returned to Idaho and purchased
a farm on Sinker creek, but was offered the superintendency of the Gloster
mine, at Helena, Montana, which he accepted, and managed the same until
it was closed down, seven years later. He also had charge of the Wickes
and Spotted Horse mines, near Helena, and declined a lucrative position at
Chattanooga, Tennessee, on account of ill health. He returned with his family
to his farm on Sinker creek, and was shortly afterward stricken with
paralysis. In this condition was removed to Boise, where, after a lingering
illness of three years, he expired January 5, 1895, leaving a widow and four sons
and daughters.

Mr. West was recognized as a mining expert of marked ability, and during
his mining experience of many years experted and developed many mines of
wonderful richness. Was a member of the Masonic fraternity, of the rank of
Knight Templar, and an honest man, honored and respected by a wide circle
of friends and acquaintances.

WHITSON, MR. JAMES HARVEY, was born in Kentucky, December
31, 1S07. On arriving at the age of manhood was engaged in schoolteaching in
Kentucky, Missouri and Iowa, up to 1864, and was also several terms county
clerk and assessor at Marysville, Missouri.

In 1864 he came West and located at Boise City, where he engaged in
farming and stotkraising, and was for two terms county commissioner of Ada
county, Idaho, and also held the ofifice of county superintendent of schools in
that county, up to the time of its abolishment by the legislature.

In 1869 he located at Bruneau valley and engaged in farming, and resided
alternatclj' on his ranches at Boise City and Bruneau valley up to the time of
his death, which occurred January 6, 1890, at Bruneau, where he was buried.

Mr. Whitson was highly honored and respected, not alone for his learning,
but for the creditable and satisfactory manner in which he filled the honorable
positions entrusted to him by his fellow-citizens.

James H. Hhlts»n and Hlfe.

'■HE NEW YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY

, ASTOJR, LENOX

TJJLPEN i-OUWDATiON

/IFPENblX

A D VER riSEMENTS.

/I C. LIPPINCOTT, M. D.,

Physician and Surgeofi.

SIUVEK CITY, IDAHO.

Ol-I-ICE AND RESIDENCE :

Cor. Washington and Avalanche Sts. ,
Telephone No. 3.

/)R. J. A\ WFSTON,

Physician and Sur}^eon.

SIKVER CITY. IDAHO.

Coroner and County P)iysician for
<JwyliCf County.

Calls Troiu the surroundinfc country answered
promptly day or night.

J^ICHARD CUNNINGHAM, T^ /f. JiNSIGN,

Attorney and Counsellor

SILVER CITY, IDAHO.

J G. WATTS,

Atto7'ney at Law.

SILVER CITY, IDAHO.

J7DIVARD NUGENT,
Attorney at Law.

SILVER CITY, IDAHO.

J A. POLLARD,

Attorney at Law.

SILVER CITY, IDAHO.

f^ H. LEONARD, JR.

Notary Public.

SILVER CITY, IDAHO.

Attorney at Law.

HAILEY. IDAHO.

TOHNSON &-• JOHNSON,
Attor7icys at Law.

BOISE. IDAHO.

I^ICE & GRIEEITHS^
Attorneys at Law.

JNO. C. RICE.

CALDWELL, IDAHO.

H. A. GRIFFITHS.

7; J. JONES,

Attorney at Law.

BOISE, IDAHO.

/ //. KICUARDS,

Attorney at Law.

BOISE. IDAHO.

A D VER TISEMENTS.

DAVE ADAMS

/Bbercbant

-•^I^-

Mining Companies, Prospectors,
Stockmen, Ranchers, Woodmen,
Families and Individuals Out°
fitted with Standard Goods at
Reasonable Prices

•••

AGENT FOR HERCULES AND SAFETY-NITRO POWDER

COMPANIES.

•••

Granite Block.

Silver City, Idaho.

ADVERTISEMENTS.

l5flT ^

QonpKiq

^'j5. v"''^. «>''^ -t^f, v^''U
'/H?^tl? '/I>~ '/(»" '/|V^

bELflnflR, IDAHO.

fllbercbants

-^WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.

(gxaxgxgxgxggxss)®®®®®®®®®

Xaroeet
Stocf^

(Bteatest
IDadet^

®w\)bce
County.

Distributors

Honest Values

Merchandise

all Kinds.

(SX«X«)®(S)®(«Xgg®®(«X«XS)®S)®®

BRANCH AT SILVER QTY, IDAHO.

AD VER TISEMENTS.

MHO

HOTEL

.^.^.„^ 5. T. N. SniTH,

PROPRIETOR.

Silver Ctt^, 1It)abo.

Headquarters for all Stage Lines, and the Pacific Express Co.
Telephone Connections. Pure Mountain Spring Water.

The Bar is Stocked with none but the Best
of Wines, Liquors and Cigars.

CONVENIENT SAMPLE ROOMS

FOR COMMERCIAL MEN.^ir -^

J. C. CONNORS. G. W. BRUCE.

SILVER CITY AND DeLAMAR.

•••

DEALERS IN

Beef, Pork, Veal, flutton. Sausage

and Choice Meats of All Kinds.

A D VER TI si: ME NTS.

i''-J\''.i^.i\'<4';-^'.'iil't;fflf,'t^\'<.i^:-J^J^.t.'i^-ilit!t^

J7.'/i- Popular Hos-
telry has been re-
fitted and refurnish-
ed, making it second
to none in Idaho.

'^oonis fitted up for
the accommoda-
tion of families.

Rates Reasonahle.

'^cir and Billiard
Rooms in con-
nection.

WAR EflQLE
HOTEL

JOHN GRETE, Sr.,

PROPRItTOR

WASHINGTON
STREET.

SILVER CITY,
IDAHO. —

WM. KAISNER.

JOHN TURMCS.

The Silver City Meat Co.

KAISNER & TURMES, Proprietors.

Jordan Street,

SILVER CITY,

IDAHO.

Wholesale

and Retail.

A D VER TISEMENTS.

THE

QOLDEN RULE

5T0RE

DflYlb C. SINCLAIR,

MANAGER.

n
■^

e CARRY CONTINUALLY A

LARGE AND VARIED STOCK OF

Dry and Fancy Goods,
Ladies' ^ Gents'
Furnishing Goods,
Millinery Goods,
Men's, Women's ^
Children's Clothing,
Boots and Shoes,
Rubber Goods,
Toilet and Perfumery
Articles, Etc.

LL OF WHICH WE OFFER TO THE PUBLIC

AT PRICCS WHICH DEFY COMPETITION.

WdSniNQTON
STREET,

5ILYER CITT,

OUR MOTTO:

Underbuy and Undersell.

OUR terms:
...STRICTLY CASH ...

A J) VER TISEM/:XTS.

liitt-rior View ol Helirciiscii s Druff Store.

dit^ E^ruG Store,

FRED. J. FEHRENSEN, Proprietor.

J. BOYD STONER, ASSISTANT

SILVER CITY. IDAMO.

®®9^>®®®®(^®<s®®(^:^&&s®

A FULL LINE OF

A COMPLETE STOCK
OF

/IDalt, IRvc anD
JBourbon,
Sberrv, Claict,
BiHKlica,
(latawba anC*

IReisliriG
Timines.

Druggists' Sundries,

Chemicals, Patent and Proprietary

Medicines and Toilet Articles,

Constantly on Hand.

®®®®®«XS)®®«®®®®®®®®

PFPFI inF«s IN BULK hHO Wf TMK ■OTTtt

Prescriptions Cnrcfullv Compounded.

DEUTSCHE APOTHEKE.

AD VER TISEMENTS.

ARTHUR M. KNAPP.
CHAS. E. KNAPP

PRESCRIPTIONS

CAREFULLY

COMPOUNDED

By a Graduate
in Pharmacy,

THE
nODEL

CHAS. E. KNAPP & SON,

IRccp a jfull StoclJ of

S)ruGGt6t6'

Avalanche Avenue,
Fancy Good and Cigars. 5ILYER CITY, IDAHO.

The N. C. Larsen Commercial Co.

(Limited.)

MRDW/IRE, QR0CERIE5,

AND A

SILVER CITY,
IDAHO.

General line of flDercbanDise.

SONG LEE,

2)ealei: in Cbinese /Iftercbanbise,

AND WOOD CONTRACTOR.

Jordan Street,

-SILVER CITY, IDAHO,

ADVERTISEMENTS.

LEA FAIRRIS

ani>

^Baiber Shop
!Batb IRoonis.

SILVER CITY, IDflH9.

• •

JGc^t JEquippc^ In tbc Citt!.
36atb6 a Spccialtx:.

CrtLL flNb PE QONVIN^Eb.

J. C. BROWN.

GEO. O. SAMPSON.

BROWN <& SAMPSON.

First Class Rigs and Saddle Horses to Hire. Morses Boarded by the

Day, Week or Montii.

Jordan Street,

SILVER CITY, IDAHO.

DE L/IHAIR ^ SILVER CITY
5T/IQE LINE.

--CHAS. FORNEY. Proprietor.

Runs Every Day in the
Year.

Careful Attention Given to
Delivery of Packages.

ADVER TJSEMENTS.

SAMUEL BARKLE.

\VM. BARKLE.

WTH

@@(M

BARKLE BROS., Proprietors,

IDE Xj-^I^-A-T^, IX5.<fbuHO.

SAMUEL BARKLE.

WM. BARKLE.

oirci

BARKLE BROS., Proprietors.

SILVER CITY, IDAHO.

^T^j v^''^ ^'^. vV-C. ^1^ ^'-5. •»'<;. At^

.^^^ ^t^ ,jt«. ^1^ ^i-c ^1^- ^i^

DELnmAf^

HOTEli

5. H. HAINES, Manager.

FlHST>-CLiASS
RPPOlNTfnENTS

.In All t^espeets.

BOA^D

By the Day, LUeek
or ]VIonth.

DELiflCQA!^, IDAHO.

A J J I 'EK TlSEMliNTS.

appointments ^trstsClaee In nil Ivcspcctd.

■^ « »-

-^Bch-

HOTEL DEWET

<C^ * — IT""^

»—•-*—*-

COL. W H DEWEY. PHOPBitTOR.

JAMES GARTLANO, MANAGER

The Best Equipped Hotel in the State of Idaho.

-DEAaZEY. ID7=^H0.

HENRY SCOTT.

T. J. McCain

De Camar Ciuery apd peed Stables,

SCOTT & McCAIN, Proprietors.

Qi><:^^ Xivcrg TRUis anC> SaDDlc t)orsc!5 always Ixca^s.

DE LAM.AR, IDAHO.

Attention

niners and Prospectors.

$100

stamp Mill.

stamps weighing 200 lbs.

The Boise Iron and Reduction Works

Art' liiiitdiiiK uiir ;iiiil t»i>— tainp <|uiiilr mill*,
stamps weigliiiin ioo or 3i» lbs. each. K(>»'<>i>t^<'<l to
crush tliroiiKh ii 50 nicsh screen u«) to jilkj poumlit of ore
per hour. Cnti be packed ou horitcs into the nicMt iiiac-

cessibU- localities.

Price of One-Stumi ^111. fll'i.oo

Price of Ty*o-Snimp *1lll. flf>().()()

Stamps hvlghlnu 100 /!>%. tacb.

Mill npd Milling Muiliiucry nu<l Ca>tin|;s ol cvcty
<le.scrii>tion luruished on short notice. .Ml work Kuar-
aulccu at Cliicuijo or Iinivt-r price* with freijjht paid.

JAMES BAXTER &. CO .

■ OI«C. IDAHO

AD VER TISEMENTS.

W. P. BEERS. MARK COLBORN.

Jbeoplc'e ^cat /Iftarkct.

BEERS & COLBORN, Proprietors.

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL

BUTCHERS.

Fresh and Salt Heats.

••

DELAHAR, IDAHO.

MITCHELL (& BALTZER,

/Iftercbants.

"^^'l c^oTpiTte'iinro^' General Herchandise.

BlRUNEflO, IDAHO.

BOISE CITY NATIONAL BANK.

UNITED STATES DEPOSITORY.

CAPITAL, - - Si 00,000 A General Banking Business Transacted.

SURPLUS, - - $40,000 I interest allowed on time deposits.

DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS Exchange drawn direct on the principal

H. WADSWORTH, - - - President ^ cities of the United States and Europe

H.B.E.STM.., - . Vtce president 1 p,,S^o%°rter"^ ^°"^' "'""' ^^ '"'

Alfred Eoff, - - - Cashier y Special attention given to making col-

W. S. Bruce, - - - Asst. Cashier | lections and handling bullion.

Timothy Regan, B. M. Eastman, Highest price paid for all kinds of

A. H. BOOMER, James G. Walker. warrants.

.•/ n \ ■/: RllSllMENTS.

JE5tablii3bcD Xiuou5t I3th, lSo3.

Mt, ^U'^tf •^'^ •>^'«• •i^i> •}>'<• 'i''?' "J"-- •''"'- «^''''- "^'^ ^"'^ -'"' -^'^'' '^'^ ^'^. vM/^ vM'i^i^

OWYHEE....
flVniiRNCHE

lPubllt^bc^

Silver Citv.

H^abo.

Edited and Published l)y

L. A. YORK.

SUBSCRIPTION —

S3.

PER TEAR.

ADVERTISING RATES

OUR MASCOT.

Made known on Application.

The Avalanche

Is Noted for the Reliability of its niniiiK Information.

COPIES OF THIS DIRECTORY ON SALE AT THIS OFFICE.

A n I 'ER TISEMENTS.

We Want Your Trade ^

and we want it bad enough to offer

Big Inducements
for it.

We do not expect to gain it simply by well-written but empty
promises. Fact is, we do not pose as writers of fancy adver-
tisements. We're just plain business men seeking after bus-
iness on a business basis, and that is givjng people just a little
more for their money than they can obtain elsewhere. This
has been our method for gaining trade from the start, and
how well it has succeeded is best shown by the continued
growth of this concern. There may be better trading places
for the people of Boise, Nampa and Guffey than this store,
but we do not know of it, neither do the majority of buyers in
this community. Fact is, it doesn't exist. We have been in
business in Idaho since 1868 and have always done business on
the principle of giving honest goods, the best we could buy,
for the money. Write to us for samples and prices of any-
thing you need. Mail orders given prompt attention.

THE

FALK=BLOCK
MERCANTILE
CO., Ltd.

Boise, Nampa and Quffey, Idaho.

Agents for Buttericks Patterns.

INDEX.

Page

Baldwin AfTair, The 27

Bernard's Ferry, across Snake River qo

Bernard's Ferry House, Snake Kiver «9

Black Jack Directory S3

Bruneau 80

Bruneau Dam 72

Bruneau Directory 80

Brunzell's Hotel, Reynolds 72

Castle Creek 87

Castle Creek Directory 87

Cumberland Gold Mine 3"

Dairy Directory 9.3

Dedication • 3

De Lamar S^

De I-amar Directory C2

De Lamar Mining Company, Limited 55

Dewey 6"

Dewey Directory 71

Enterprise 89

Enterprise Directory 9-

First and Only Legal Hanging in Owyhee

County 25

Ciilmore's Ranch, Sinker Creek 88

('■rand View 78

drand View Directory 79

Golden Rule Store, The 55

Guffey 76

GutTey Directory 77

Hardiman Bros.' Farm, Pickett Creek 85

Hot Springs 83

Hot Springs Directory 84

Idaho — Description 7

Historical 5

Idaho & Pittsburg Mining & Milling Com-
pany 31

Indian Outbreaks 22

Legislature, Members of 14-iS

Marion More Tragedy, The a6

Market Prices, i867-i8<)7 44

McDonald's Freight Teams at Dewey 75

Miners' Union of De Lamar 61

Miners' Union of Silver City 39

Nobles' Ranch, Reynolds 74

Oreana 84

Oreana Directory 86

Owyhee Avalanche, The 40

Owyhee County 9

Owyhee County Government 16

Owyhee County Officials 1618

Pleasant \'alley Directory 93

Poorman Gold Mines, Limited 36

Railroad Bridge at GufTey 76

Reynolds Creek 71

Reynolds Directory 75

Robcrson's Farm, Bruneau N'alley 83

Rockville Directory 9a

Shares' Stage House, Reynolds 73

Silver City 28

Silver City Directory 45

Sinker Creek 88

Sinker Creek Directory 89

Snake River Hot Springs 91

Territorial and 3tate Government.. . is

Three Creek 93

Three Creek Directory 94

Title I

Trade Dollar Mining & Milling Company.. 31
Turner's Farm, Bruneau Valley.... .. 8f

W'ayland 94

Way land Directory 94

W ickahony Directory -95

PORTRAirts

Adams, Dave 96 Brunzell, J. M., Sr los

Adams, Peter 96 Butler, T. J lOJ

15abington, Joseph 96 Catlow, John loa

Bachelcr, Chauncey D 9'^ Connors, Peter loj

Beaton. James 98 I'rocheron, John II 104

Berg, Abel A 98 Dellenbach. J.icob I«M

Bernard, James C 9? Dryden. William W I«M

Blackingtr, Valentine 98 Dryden. Mrs. William W 104

Bruce, Robert 100 Dewey, Col. W. II 106

Brunzell, Frederick ico Ellison, William 11 106

Brunzell, J. M., Jr 100 Ensign. Francis E ia«

Brunzell, Mrs. Josephine .M ico Feour, Daniel.. . . «o6

11.

INDEX.

Piige

Gardner, George D io8

Gilmore, George \V loS

Grete, Frederick, Sr io8

Grete, Mrs. Wilhimina io8

Grete, John, Sr no

Grete, Mrs Mary no

Gross, Joseph C no

Hallenbeck, John no

Hamilton, William 112

Hardiman, Patrick 112

Hardiman, William 112

Harris, Simon 112

Harley, William S n4

Heidelberger, Sam n4

Howes, Richard S 114

Hays, Charles M 114

Hill, W J n6

Hyde, David B nS

Johnstone, Charles C 118

Johnson, Richard Z 118

Joyce, Matthew 118

Leonard, Robert H., Sr 120

Leonard, Mrs. Adelaide V 120

Lambert, Q. F 120

Lewis, Judge Elisha 120

Lynam, Judge James 122

McCabe, Patrick 122

McDonald, Dougald and Wife 122

Mc^'ann, John 122

Mikkelson, Gilbert 124

Mills, Ezra 124

Page

Mitchell, John 124

Noble, John, Sr 124

Noble, Robert 126

Olsen, Harry 126

Paul, Capt. George W. and Wife 126

Pence, Arthur 126

Palmer, A. J 128

Palmer, George W 128

Portlock, John 128

Presby, Milton H 128

Purdy, Oliver H 130

Roberson, Abram \jfl

Roberson, Stephen A. and Wife 130

Rowzee, J. W 130

Sampson, George 132

Scales, John 132

Share, Charles E 132

Share, Mrs. Diadama H 132

Smith, S. T. N 134

Sommercamp, William F 134

Stanford, Lyman 134

Stevens, William S 134

Studer, Chris 136

'jhomas, John R 136

Thompson, Eldridge A 136

Townsend, William H 136

Turner, John 138

Upham, John 138

Walker, Louis W 138

West, Thomas J 138

Whitson, James H. and Wife 140

ILLUSTRATIONS.

B. N. & O. Ry. Bridge Across Snake

River, GuITey 77

Bernard's Ferry Across Snake River 90

Bruneau Canyon 14

Prunzell's Hotel, Reynolds 72

Cumberland Gold Mine 38

Dam and Head Gate O. L. & I. Co., Grand

\'iew 79

Dave Adams' Store, Silver City 30

De Lamar Mining Company, Limited 60

De Lamar — Upper Town 56

Lower Town 57

Gilmore's Ranch, on Sinker Creek 88

Golden Rule Store, Silver City SS

Givens' Hot Spring Resort, Enterprise 91

Hardiman Bros.' Barn and Corrals, Pickett

Creek 86

Hardiman Bros.' Residence, Pickett Creek.. 85
Hot Creek and Falls, near Hot Springs

Postoffice 83

Hotel and Superintendent's Residence, at

Dewey 67

Idaho & Pittsburg M. & M. Co 34

J. C. Bernard's Residence on the Bank of

Snake River 89

John Turner's Ranch House, Bruneau Val-
ley 82

McDonald's Freight Teams at Dewey 75

Mill, Stores, etc., Dewey 68

Miners' Union Hospital, Silver City 40

Mrs. Steve Roberson's Residence, Bruneau

Valley 82

Natural Arch in Bruneau Canyon 10

Nobles' Ranch, Reynolds 74

Owyhee County Officials 16

Poorman Mill & Tramway, Silver City 36

Postoffice and Courthouse, Silver City 29

Scales' Tailing Reservoirs and Mill, Wagon-
town 58

Shares' Stage House, Reynolds 73

Silver City 28

.Sinker Canyon Frontispiece

Trade Dollar M. & M. Co., Silver City 31

Trade Dollar Mine Exhibit at Boise Inter-
mountain Fair, 1897 14

JSDLX.

111.

1 il< X ". 1^ A I 'I I I I

Fate

Adams, Dave

Adams, I'ctcr

Babington, Joseph

Bachelcr, Chaunccy D.

Ballard, E. L

Beaton, James

Beggs, John

100

Berg, Abel A »oo

Bernard, James C 'oo

Blake, F. \V lo'

Blake, William J i<i>

Blackinger, Valentine 'o>

Bruce, Robert 'f>2

Brunzell, Frederick 102

Brunzell, J. M., Jr i«

Brunzell, j. M.. Sr «02

Brunzell, Mrs. Josephine M 103

Brunzell, O. F 20

Butler, T. J '03

Catlow, John '04

Clegg. Philip '05

Connors, John C 20

Connors, Peter «0S

Cooper, Presley S lOS

Crocheron, A. B '9

Crocheron, John H 106

Dellenbach, Jacob 106

Dewey, Edward H 69

Dewey, Col. W. H 106

Donnelly, Peter «07

Dryden, William W^ 107

Dryden, Mrs Martha E «07

Easton, Stanley A 39

Ellison, William B '08

Ensign, Francis E 'oS

Feour, Daniel »09

Fogus, Col. D. H '09

Gardner, George D '09

Gartland, James 7°

Gctchell, M. M 42

Gilmore, George W '09

GofT, Jacob "o

Crete, Frederick, Sr "O

Grete, Mrs. Wilhimina "O

Crete, John, Sr "o

Grete, Mrs. Mary •• i"

Gross, Joseph C '"

Hallenbeck, John "2

Hamilton, William 114

Handy, Judge George H •• 21

Hardiman, Patrick 'IS

Hardiman, William H4

Harley, William S "6

Harris, Simon iiS

Hastings, Benjamin F 116

Hawes, Richard S i'9

Hays, Charles M 119

Heidelberger, Sam J 16

Hill. W. J 117

Huntley, DwJRht It 61

Hutchinson, Jamcit j]

lIutchin^<)n, Joseph H 31

Ilydc, David !'•

Irwin, Frederick j,

Johnson, Charlet C ia4

Johnson, Richard / iS4

Jordan, .Michael IM

Joyce, Matthew 13$

Kelly, James P las

Lambert, Q. F ia$

Leonard, Robert II., Sr •-'"

Leonard, Mrs. A<lclaide V

Lewis, Capt. John S

Lewis, Judge Elisha -^

Linchan, Patrick

Lyman, Judge James *--■

McCabc, Patrick \3*

McDonald, Dougald tJ^

McElmeel, Stephen U'

McMahon, John I5>

McN'ann, John •->

Mikkelson, Gilbert i»»

Mills, Ezra ij'

Mitchell, John IJ"

Nichols, William N 2J

Noble, John, Sr ly

Noble, Robert IJ>

Olsen. Chris «J

Olscn, Harry iji

Orford, E. V ei

Palmer Bros., The «,-iJ.»

Paul, Capt. George W «3i

Pence, Arthur «3'

Portlock, John 13J

Presby, Milton H ! »-•

Purdy, Oliver H :.-.J

Robt-rson, .Abram 133

Robcrson, Stephen \ '«<

Rowzee, J. W

Sampson, George O 'ji

Scales, John •34

Schuster, Frank -, 134

Share, Charles E •'>

Share, Mrs. Diadama II

Smith, S. T. N

Sommcrcamp, William F

.Stanford, Lyman

.Stevrns, William S

Stuckcr, A. J

Studcr, Chris

Thomas, John R

Thompson, Eldridge A

Townscnd, William II

Toy. William

Turner. John

Turner, Mrs. Emma :>

IV.

INDEX.

Page

Upham, John 139 \\'eston, Dr. John N 21

\NaIker, Lewis W 139 W'hitson, James H 140

\\est, Thomas L 140 York, L. A 41

ADVERTISEMENTS.

Adams, Dave App.

r>axter & Co., James App.

Boise City National Bank App.

Centerville Saloon App.

City Drug Store App.

Corner Saloon App.

Cunningham, Richard App.

De Lamar Hotel App.

De Lamar Livery and Feed Stables App.

De Lamar & Silver City Stage Line App.

Ensign, F. E App.

Fairris, Lea App.

Falk-Block Mercantile Co., Ltd., The App.

Golden Rule Store, The App.

Hotel Dewey App.

Idaho Hotel App.

Isay & Gomhrig App.

Johnson & Johnson App.

Jones, T. J App.

Larsen Commercial Company, The N. C. ..App.

Lee, Song App.

Leonard, R. IL, Jr App.

Lippincott, A. C App.

Mitchell & Baltzer App.

Model Pharmacy, The App.

Nugent, Edward App.

Owyhee Avalanche App.

Owyhee Livery Stables App.

Owyhee Meat Company, The App.

People's Meat Market App.

Pollard, J. A App.

Rice & Griffiths App.

Richards, J. H App.

Silver City Meat Company, The App.

War Eagle Hotel App.

^^■atts, J. G App.

Weston, Dr. J. N App.

^Iv