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HARVARD
COLLEGE
LIBRARY

n't ys^ •f

'^TX >.^v

HISTOKIOAL ^RECORDS

93Kn SL'TIIEIILANL) lllOllLAXDEliS;

ROW THl

2sD BATTALION PRINCESS LOUISE'S
ARGYLL AND SXJTHERLAND HIGHLANDERR

LONDON;

iiciiAUU 1!BXTi.l;v anu son,

^Uisbm fn SiMiuil Is %ft AUjntg l|i ttniM.
1883.

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'«• ■■»*i^»iii«iii * i T iAi I

HISTORICAL KECOKDS

OF TBI

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS.

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OCT 3 1883 ^

/- . . " / • -

FKIMTSP SV WILLIAM CLOWIS AND 80N% UMITIS^ LONDOW AND BICCLM.

THE COLOURS OP THE REGIMENT.

This illustration is from a drawing hj Lieutenant-Colonel
A. C. Nightingale.

The following distinctions are authorised to be borne
upon the regimental colour of the 93rd, which is the onlj
infantry regiment entitled to record " Balaclava " :— ->

Cape of Good Hope. Alma.

BalaclftTa. SeraetopoL

Laeknow.

•

See Appendix D.

-^ 1 Bfai

i&Mta

n«« • - •#■ . » •• W4>« a.

— f

CONTENTS.

i«*»-

rAos
xTtBFACB ••• ••• ••• ••■ ••• Til

The Sutherland Fencible Rboiuevts ... ... zi

Succession of Colonels, 93rd ... ••• ... zv

Succession of Lieutenant-Colonels ... ... xvi

93rd Sutherland Hightjlnders. Scotland — Guernset
— Ireland— Cape of Good Hope — 2nd Bat-
talion raised ... ... ... ... 1

New Orleans ... ... ••• •.. 24

Ireland — 2nd Battauon disbanded — West Indies —

England — Ireland ... ... ... 52

V^ANADA ••• ..a ... ... ... %M

Great Britain ... ... ••• ... ... 87

The Russian War ... ... ... ... 94

England ••• ... ••• ••• ... 150

The Ii^dian Mutiny. Voyage to and Arrival in
India— Actions at Eudjwa and Bunnes —
Belief of Lucknoiy .... ••• ... 162

Cawnpore — Battle on the 6th of December — Pursuit
to Serai Ghat and Capture of Guns there —
Passage of the Eala Nuddee, and Occupation of
Futteiigurh ... ... ... ... 225

Siege of Lucknow ... ... ... ... 249

■'■X ■■ fc'i^ ■

M* 'Ah •/ 1^ •^. .,

I «- ^ » «4 «* -^ '

CONTENTS.

CaKPAICSHS Of BOHILCUHD AND OODE ... 263

SuBATHOO— Bawul Pindeb — ^Pesuawitb— Sealkotb 281

Eusovzah Campaigh ••• ... ... — 295

Sbalkotb-^hahsi — ^YoTAGX Home ... ••• 304

BOUTES MABfiniB) FBOM THE CONCLaSIOH OF THE GaHPAIGV

AGAnnnr the Mutiiieebb ... ••• ••• 820

SoCyiLABD — ^EblOIAHD — ^IRELAND — QlBBALTAR AND HOMX 826

j2nd Battaliov Princess Louise's Arotll and Suther-
land Highlanders ... ... ••• 359

Services of the Officeiui ... ••• ••• 361

Parade Tunbb» xrc. ... ... ... ... 419

JintsDicn ... ... ... ... .•• 427

LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONa

...

Tofaee

^ Colours of the 93rd ... ... JVonlupioee.

iTHB Earl of Sutherland as Colonel of the

Yolunteers in 1759
^BiG Sax

^ Dress of the Officers in 1834

V Plan or the Battle of Balaclava, et Lieu-

TENANT-GeNERAL J. X EWART, C.B.

• Sketch of AcnoN at Eudjwa, 1857, bt Maj<»

FORBBS-BOBERTSON ...

/Dress of Officers and Soldiers in 1881

Faob

ft
ft

»t
ft

112

170
358

>^a^**:^^ «-V.., -_»^v.A»»^

• ' • ft .te_

PREFACE.

-•o^i

Thb hiBtorical records of the 93rd Sutherland High-
landers haying never hitherto heen published, I obtained
last year, in a letter dated 31st of October, permission
from Lieutenant-Colonel Ewen Macpherson, command-
ing the regiment, to compile and prepare them for
publication.

The plan sketched by me at the outset was that a
notice of every officer and of his services so far as could
be ascertained should be given, likewise the names of
killed and wounded of all ranks, and that mention should
be made of soldiers specially distinguished, or who have
received extra decorations beyond the medal granted to
all for each- particular campaign. I also proposed to
invite officers to contribute their own experiences of
certain actions or other services in which they may have
taken part with the regiment.

It has been my ambition that this work should be
not merely the history of the achievements of the 93rd
as a body, but that it should be also as a monument to
the memory of those who have fallen in its ranks, and a
record of the deeds of as many as possible of those who
have contributed to its glory — one that may be referred
to with pride by their families and friends now living, as
well as by their descendants. I believe I may claim for

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• ••

imi PBEFAOB.

these records that they are the first which haye been so
carried oat.

That I have been enabled to follow this programme
to the extent comprised in the following pages^ is dne to
the kindness of those who haye replied to the many
letters I haye written, and to the yery many questions
contained in them, as well as to the institutions which
now exist in London, where information can be so readily
obtained.

The manuscript record book kept in the regimental
orderly room does not appear to have been in use before
the year 1828. The portion of the original text in it
relating to the New Orleans campaign is from the unpub-
lished journal of Captain Charles Gordon. The entries
regarding the Crimea were made under the direction of
Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel (now Major-General) Charles
Henry Gordon, and those concerning the relief of Luck-
now under Dr. Munro. Subsequently, the different com-
manding officers for the time being have superintended
the entries.

Major-General Charles Henry Gordon, C.B., Lieu-
tenant-General F. W. Traill-Buiroughs of Bousay, C.B.,
and Surgeon-General William Munro, C.B., have all
assisted me with most valuable information, and I have
submitted to their perusal those parts of the manuscript
which relate to their periods of service. To Lieutenant-
General J. A. Ewart, C.B., I am indebted not only for
what I have learned directly from him, but also for very
much gleaned from his book, the ^^ Story of a Soldier's
Life.'* He has been good enough to draw the plan of
Balaclava, which forms one of the illustrations.

I am also under great obligation to. Major William
Macdonald, who for nearly twenty-one years was adju-
tant of the regiment, and I have been particularly fortu-
nate in being able to refer to so old a soldier and so ^ood

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PREFACE.

a correspondent. Having enlisted into the 93rd in the
year 1812, he has been personally acquainted \rith very
many officers and soldiers who joined when the regiment
was raised, and many of whom had previously belonged
to the Sutherland Fencibles. My thanks are likewise
due to Sir Robert Dick-Cunyngham, who has contributed
a most interesting account of the action at Eudjwa, to
Major George Forbes-Bobertson, who has given me much
information from notes of his own, and to Major W. F.
Fullarton. Mr. Henry Wright and the Bev. J. M. Joass,
minister of Golspie, on the part of the Duke of Suther-
land, have also assisted me in every way in their power.

Having received permission to make use of the
library at the Intelligence Department, Adair House, I
was there able to consult useful works giving particulars
of various campaigns, and Mr. Percival Dunman, the
librarian, was most kind in the trouble he took to obtain
from the War Office such information as I asked for.

The Public Record Office, BoUs House, Chancery
Lane, not only contains historical works and books of.
reference, but also original documents of the utmost
value, and heriB I discovered the manuscript returns of
the casualties at the Cape of Good Hope, and at New
Orleans, which had been transferred from the War Office.

The Boyal United Service Institution, Whitehall
Tard, contains all the army lists to which I have had to
refer, and also historical works.

Through the kindness of the officers of the Boyal
Engineers, I have been able to refer to books at their
institute at Chatham.

The works from which I have gleaned facts are
the " Life of Sir David Baird," James's " History of
the War," Gleig's " Campaigns in Washington and New
Orleans," General ShadweU's "Life of Lord Clyde,"
General E wart's " Story of a Soldier's Life " (already

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X PBEFAOB.

referred to), £inglake*8 " Inyasion of the Crimea," and
Malleson's '^ History of the Indian Mutiny." It has been
a great support to have such works at hand. Not only
do they contain in many cases aUusion to circumstances
that might have escaped remembrance, but they also
serve to confirm or otherwise the version one has to
work upon, and they often suggest subjects for inquiry.*

It is almost unnecessary for me to say that in pre-
paring the officers' services, Hart's Army List has been
invaluable, and without its aid it wotQd hardly have been
possible to complete them. It commences from the year
1839. For dates of commissions, changes, etc., previous
to that time, the official army lists had to be consulted.

The occupation for my leisure hours derived from
gathering and compiling the necessary information has
been a source of much pleasure and happiness to me
during the past year, and the warm interest taken in the
progress of this work by Lieutenant-Colonels Macpher-
Bon and Nightingale, and by the officers of the regiment
generally, has been a great encouragement.

R. H. BURGOTNB.

St. If abt*8 Valb, Chatham,
December, 1882.

* ""The Scottish HighlaDds, Highland Clans and HighUnd Begi-
ments" (A. Fullarton and Co.) contains an epitome of the senrlcea of
ihe93id.

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THE EARL OP SUTHERLANQ

AS COLONEL OF THE FENCIBLE3,I768.

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••■• - A

■♦-♦^■

THE

SUTHERLAND FENCIBLE REGIMENTS;

IST SUTHERLAND FBN0IBLB8*

In the year 1759 the Earl of Sutherland received pro-
posals from Mr. Pitt to raise a Begiment of Fencibles on
his estate. The offer was at once accepted, and, in nine
days after his lordship arrived in the county with his
letters of service, 1100 men were assembled on the lawn
before Dunrobin Castle. It is recorded that the martial
appearance of these men when they marched into Perth,
in May, 1760, with the earl at their head, was never for-
gotten by those who saw them. It is said that the size
and muscular strength of the men was so remarkable
that there was no light company — ^upwards of 260 men
being above five feet eleven inches — and they were formed
into two Grenadier companies, one on each flank of the
battalion. On the peace of 1763 the regiment was marched
back to Sutherland, and reduced in the month of May.
No man was punished in the four years the regiment
was embodied. Soon after this period the earl died,
universally lamented, leaving an only child, then an
infant.

* From notes prepared by the Dnke of Sutherland for the occasion
of the presentation of Colours to the 93rd In 1871.

r- iii^uQ- •^-ir"^i.rmif f'^ii t fi -^i-rr— "r*^grTii — ■'—---'-"— | .»^j^^-.f~

XU THE SUTHERLAND FENCIBLE BEGIMENT8.

2nI> SUTHERLAND FENCIBLE&

In 1779 another regiment was raised, but as the house
of Sutherland had no near relative of the name to com-
mand the followers of the family, William Wemyss of
Wemyss, nephew of the late earl, was appointed colonel.
In the course of a few weeks the men were raised, and
embodied at Fort George in February, 1779. In May
they were sent to the south of Scotland, and stationed
in yarious places, and sent north in 1788 to be reduced.
In this regiment, Samuel McDonald, a native of Lairg,
served, better known as ''Big Sam," seven feet four inches
in height, and every way stout in proportion. His
parents were of good size, but nothing remarkable. He
was considered a good drill, and fortunately of a quiet
equable temper. Had he been otherwise, few could have
stood a blow from his powerful arm. The Countess of
Sutherland, with great consideration and kindness,
allowed him 2s. 6d. per day of extra pay, judging that
80 large a body must require more sustenance than his
military pay could afford. On the regiment being dis-
banded, he enlisted in the Ist Boyals, but the Prince of
Wales, being attracted by his appearance, took him as
one of his porters at Carlton House. Sam was toa large
to stand in the ranks, and marched at the head of the
regiment when in column, always accompanied by a
mountain deer of uncommon size.*

* Major William Macdonald relates tbe following story which he
frequently heard old soldiers in the regiment speak of, and which he
believes to be tme.

Big Sam had been challenged by an Irish giant to fight with him ;
the challenge was accepted, and having met the giant, Sam told him
that it was customary upon such occauons to shake hands before they
began. On this taking place the blood gushed out at the points of the
fingers of the giant, who exclidmed that it was ** enough,** and there was
no more fight This occurred in Ireland, but whether when Sam was
Sn the Fencibles or the 9drd is not known.

THB SUTHERLAND FENGIBLE BEGIMBNT&

•••
XIU

Srd SUTHERLAND FBNCIBLBS.

In 1793, with zeal and spirit, this regiment was

speedily recruited to the strength of 1084 men, com-

^ manded by Colonel Wemyss of Wemyss. It served in

Ireland during the rebellion of 1798 ; ordered home and

disbanded in the end of that year.

OFFICERS OF THE SUTHERLAND FENCIBLES, 179a

GOLOHSU

William Wemyss. Maj.-QeiL ... 1st March, 1798.

LiEUTENAin>-Ck>LOVBL.

James Campbell ... ... 26ih January, 1797.

Majobs.

Gordon Clunes
Alexander Sutherland

CaPTAnifl.

John Gordon
Donald Matheson
K B. ^neas McLeod ...
William McDonald ...
Hugh Mackay
John Sutherland

*••

16th February, 1794.
16th March, 1797.

Ist March, 1798.

n ft

9$ n

15th February, 1794.
25th February, 1795.
5th April, 1790.

CAPTAm-LiEUTSKlNT and CAPranr.
George Fraser ... ... 16th March, 1797.

LXKUTKHAini.

Alexander Mackintosh

15th Febmary, 1794.

John Sutherland

H ft

John Mackay

1* H

Colin Lauder

M M

Robert Mackay

17th September, 1794.

William Wemyss Fraiier

7th January, 1796.

William Stenhouse ...

12th August, 1796.

David Mackay

20th January, 1790.

James Fullarton

ft »»

Menzies Fullarton

n M

ziv THE SUTHEBLANI]

\ FENaBLE BEGIMKNTS.

LnnjTEKANTS — continued.

John Stevrart

■ •■

23rd March, 1796.

James Fraser

.••

l8t June, 1796.

Donald Bobs

...

16th March, 1797.

William McKaj

...

tt w

Alexander Anderson ...

•••

12th Ai^ 1797.

John Ghrant

...

2l8t June, 1797.

Sackyille Fraser

•

• a.

22nd Jnne» 1797.

Alexander Sutherland

.••

25th June, 1798.

Ekbigns.

David Fraser

•

• .•

Ist June, 1796«

John Sutherland

• ■•

18th August, 1796.

George Cunningham ...

• .•

29th June, 1797.

Don. Craw. Macleod ...

...

21st September, 1797.

George Boss

...

28th September, 1797.

Andrew Gihson

...

4th October, 1797.

Alexander Mackenzie ...

. ■•

13th December, 1797.

Donald McDonald

• ••

Ist February, 1798.

Adjtjtaxt. '
Alexander Mackintosh ... 1st March, 1798.

QUABTEBMASTBB.

George Fraser ... ... Ist March, 1798.

SUBOBOH.

Colin Lauder ... ... Ist March, 1798.

Agbnts : Messrs. Boss and Ogilvie, Argyll Street

■>tf fi IWH

» « *

■ ^ i 1^^ * ■ ^m a^ •■

SUOOESSION OF C0L0NBL8.

93rd HIGHLANDEBS.

SUOOESSION OF OOLONEL&

Ra>k An Vaxkm. 1

FnoM

._. . 1

Oeneral

WUllAm WcmyM of Wemyii

JLag.26,1800

Feb. 4. 1822

DIedOolensL

IA.-GeiL

Feb. 8, 1832

Jane 4, 1822

To OM Foot

LL-G«iL

Sir Hndaon Lowe, K.C3.

Jane 4, 1823

Ja]j22il832

To 80th Foot

Hi^-Gen.

Sir John Gameron, K.G.B.

Ja]j23»1833

Xaj38^1833

To8lhFoot.

Lt.-Oen.

Sir Jasper Kloolla. K.C.B.

Msj 31, 1833

Jalyl4,1840

ToS8tkFool.

U.-G«n.

Sir Junes Don^Us. K.G.B

Jnly Uk 1840

April 10.1850

To 42Dd Bo jal Hl^hlandMi.

U.-QeiL

WUUsm Wemjsi

Mar. 10, 1850

Not. 80, 1883

DiedO»loooL

VL-Qtn.

Edward Parkinson, CB.

Dee. 10,1883

Jan. 14, 1888

DiedOotooeL

Genend

CollnCamD|belI,LordCl7d^G.C.B ,

) Jan. 18,
f 1888

Jane 3, 1880

To Coldstrram Goards Caftei^
waids Fleid-llaiBhia>

U.-OCB.

William Satberland

Jane 4, 1880

Jane 2, 1802

DIedOotoaeL

Li.^Geo.

Alexander FIslier Ma^toali,K.R.

Jane a, 1882

Aag.28,1888

DlcdC3okmsL

Li.-Gcn.

Charles Oanfiird Hay

▲ng. 28, 1888

Sepi.2T,18TS

DIedOotoaeL

U.-Geii.

Sir Henxy William SUstod, K.C.B.

Sepl. 28, 18T3

Dea 18^ 18f 8

DiedOotooeL

U.-G«n.

Dce.l8T8

Oct 18^ 18f 8

TnnsfeiTed Co OOth Blflci.

Li.^Geo.

William Manrob as.

Oct 11, 18T8

Jan. 28, 1880

DiedOotonsL

General

Hark Kerr JLtiierkj

Jan. 30, 1880

April 8, 1880

TnnsfeiTed 10 Otod Hl|b-

1 landan. |

LL-Gen.

B^BotatBoUfl^aB.

April 8, 1880

rriMint ^VAi— 1 1

nmmiJOMmm. |

XYl

SUOCESSIOK OF LIEUTENANT-GOLONBL&

93iiD HIGHLANDERS.

SUCCESSION OP LIEUTENANT-COLONBLS.

AlfKMwW Halkett

GcorfB JobzwtoM

EdbcttlM* . . . .

Andttw CtM^

Wmiam WenjH .

MmryMOUng .

Mm. Sir ChftrlMGficdoD, Kt .

Doncaa McOxvgor •

BobaiSpait

I^oRiuo Both* .

WDUui Benuud Aindto^aB.

Almnder SebMtlan Leith-
Hay.aS. . . . .

Am. Adrian Hopei, CB. .

John Al e xa n d er Ewut, C.B. .

Eeniy Wllltem SUetcd, CB.

Bobeit Lockbert Boee» a& .

Tyederick WlUlun Tkaill-
BoiTOagjbik CB.

EMclne 6oott Fnnda Georae
De«n ....

Wnilem McBeui, V.C .

Wffllaa Wellincfoid KnoU ji

Swen Heni7 DnTiaeoB U ee-

Fnox

Ang. 28,1100
lUy ai 1810
Feb. 10. 1814
Sept 30, 1814
March 10» 1818
JUiftft T. 182S
Dec 26» 1832
March 33» 1820
Jvlj 28, 1838
Feb. 21, 1862
Oct 21, 1858
April 10^ 1850

Jan. 25» 1858
April 10, 1850
SeptaO, 1850
Dee. 21, 1800
Ang . 10, 1884

Not. 20, 1804

Oct. 20,10TS
Feb. 10> 18T8

Jan. 1« 1870

May 2, 1810
Jnne 4, 1814
Jan. 8, 1815
March T, 1822
Feb. 26, 1810
Dee. 20» 1822
Maith2a^l820
Jnly 2T, 1838
Feb. 20, 1852
Oct 20^1853
Jan. 26, I860
Dee. 20, 1800

April 10» 1858
Sept 80, 1850
Ang. 101, 12M
Not. 20, 1804
Oct 20, 18TS

JuMb 18T0

Feb. 16^ 18T8
Jan. 1, 18ff

To 104th Foot
Promoted Mi^-OenefaL
Killed In action at New
To Olet Foot
ToHalf-Paj.

To Half-Paj.
ToHalf.Pay(0»loiiel>
Died in oonunand.

KUtod in action;
To 78th Highlanden.
Promoted M^)or-0«nefaL

To Half-Paj.

LW ^ ' iU *i ■ '■■■ '^i<t l ^ * i»" i . IJ. '^ a m t i^ f m *^

HISTORICAL RECORDS

<Mr TU

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLATOERS.

SCOTLAND — GUERNSEY — IRELAND — CAPE OP
GOOD HOPE— 2in) BATTALION RAISED.

Thb letter ot service aathorizing the raising of thia
regiment was dated March, 1799, and was addressed to
Major-General Wemyss of Wemyss, nephew of the last
Earl of Sutherland, who had been Colonel of the Suther*
land Fencibles, disbanded in 1798.

The recruiting was conducted under the immediate
superintendence of the Sutherland family. The original
levy was confined ahnost exclusively to the northern
counties of Scotland, and was completed, not by the
ordinary modes of recruiting, but by a process of con*
scription.

A census having been made of the disposable popu-
lation on the extensive estates of the Countess of Suther-
land, her agents lost no time in requiring a certain
proportion of the able-bodied sons of her numerous
tenantry to join the ranks of the Sutherland Regiment,

/( B

HISTOBIGAL BB00BD6 OF THB

as a test at once of duty to their fendal chief and to
their sovereign.^

The appeal thus made to the patriotism of the men
of Sutherland was very generally responded to, and
thongh discontent was occasionally manifested hy indi-
Tidoal parents at the arbitrary proceedings to which in
certain cases it gave rise, yet the young men themselves
never seemed to question the right that was assumed
over their military services by their chieftain. Hence
in a very few months the regiment was completed to its
establishment.
1800. On the first formation the strength was 696 men and

84 sergeants, 46Q of which were Sutherland men ; the
others were principally from Boss and the neighbouring
counties. .

The officers first appointed to serve in the newly
raised corps were gazetted on the 16th of September,
1800 ; but the regiment does not appear to have been
mentioned by its numerical title in the London Gazette
until the 21st of October, 1800, when Hospital-mate
William Gordon was appointed to the '' 98rd " Foot as
surgeon ; previously it had been distinguished as " Major-
General Wemyss's Begiment of Infantry.'*

As the best proof of the high character of the men,
it ought to be stated that until the final inspection of
the corps the recruits were never collected together, but
were freely permitted, after enrolling their names, to
pursue their various callings at home, until an announce-
ment was made in the various parish churches that their
presence was required, when a body of six hundred men
were assembled and marched, without a single absentee,
to Inverness, where the regiment was inspected by
M%jor-General Leith Hay.

* This is said to Have furnished the last instaDce of the exerdae of
feudal power or influenoe on a lufs^ scale in the highlanda of Scotland.

93rd sxtthebland hiohlandeb& 8

r . During the Bojoum of the regiment at Inyemess, it ivYEBani.*
issreported that there was no place of confinement, nor igoo.
were any guards mounted ; the absence of all crime ren-
dering the usual precautions necessary with, soldiers
quite inapplicable towards the men of Sutherland, whose
religious and moral education formed the best guarantee -

of their conduct as soldiers, and proved by their exem-
plary bearing upon all occasions, the incalculable value
of right principles in a military body.

This high character was undoubtedly perfected and .
sustained by several auxiliary advantages, for not only
were many of the non-commissioned officers and privates
the children of respectable farmers, and almost all of
them of reputable parentage, but a certain proportion of
the officers themselves, being gentlemen whose families
either resided in, or were closely connected with, the
particular counties in which the battalion was recruited, .
both they and the soldiers regarded the regiment as one
large. family bound together by the strong ties of neigh-
bourhood, and even of relationship, which inspired
reciprocal feelings of confidence and attachment between
the commanders and the commanded which it would be
vain to hope for in any but a district corps.

In such a regiment, not only did each individual feel
accountable for his own character, but in some degree
responsible also for the conduct of his comrades ; land as,
in order to increase a wholesome rivalship between the
different companies of the battalion, they were at first .
classified by parishes, an arrangement that naturally
excited the greatest emulation, it followed that every
soldier became speedily convinced that, by behaving ill,
he should not only be covered with personal disgrace,
but would in some measure bring dishonour upon the
particular parish to which he, in common with all his
comrades in the same company with himself, belonged.

-^■-*-— — ■ -'"^ ..^^..^g^y.

ISOO.

HISTORICAL BEGOBDS OF THB

On the 2Srd of September, 1800, the regiment
embarked at Fort George for Guernsey, where it disem-
barked on the 28rd of October, and where it was, for the
first time, armed and fully equipped.

1801.

OFFICERS OF THE dSsD HIGHLANDERS

WHOn VAMBS APPEABSD nr THB AWUAL ABMT I1I8T, 1801.

COLOHEL.

William Wemyts.

LiEUTXHAirr-Co];x>HEXi.
Alexander Halkett.

Majob.

John Orabam.

CAPTAnra.

Samuel Brown.
Henry C. Sutherland.
Alexander Gordon.
Gordon Clunea.
Charles Grant
Alexander Bower.
Alexander Mackay.

Captaiv-Libut. avd Captaw.
Bobert Sutherland.

LUBUTBMAinrB.

William Frater.
A. Sutherland.
James Fraaer.
Richard Miller.
George Williamson.
Thomas Hitchons.
Reuben Borreti

Richard Ryan*
George Young.
Robert Harrison.
Alexander Sutherland.

EVSIOVB.

James Fraser.
SackTille Fraser.
Donald Macleod.
Alexander Mackenzie.
William Lunt
John Black.
Henry Allison.

Patmastkb.
James Malcolmson.

AnjUTAXT.

William Luni.

Quabtbb-Mabtbb.
ThouMM MaxwelL

SuBOBOir.
William Gordon.

AsSISTAVT-SuBOBOir.

Francis Jeffrey.

AoB!ffTB : Messrs. Cox and Greenwood, Craig's Court

GuBBNSBT. Daring its residence in Guernsey, the regiment

^11 fc jiifci It* rmm

tm > » < f .i

H ilW fc.l !■■■■■ '•■«'■<

^^^^^HMr* rf -* -* "* * v^ .h.tfr^.1

* «<««»

' "^'ix/tf/' .^yV^f l^^rxa^.

^ .x,^r

^•••^' -*••

•*'» --«.» .A". , ".^ff V^Ai'S'vk.

I «* hp.< lb<^

■ *

• .. -. ^ -•^'-. ,-"^«--,,«r.»«*'-*.-K.^.^,X'\>*>- i«*^

"vr*/^'!f'* * :» w--— *- r . — ...^ -v-^- «•,.%!. v—'^^---" -^"

BIG SAIL

I have not been able to find any print or drawing of tbe

dress of the regiment in or about the year 1800. Some,

months ago a photograph of Samuel McDonald, evidently

originally taken from a print, was sent to me, as being likely

to represent the dress at that period. Lately, Colonel Mae-

pherson sent me a volume of a well-known work, '* Kay's

Portraits," published by Hugh Paton, Edinburgh, 1839.

This contains the portrait of *' Big Sam,'* here reproduced,* in

the uniform of the Fencibles. The photograph appears to be

identical, and no doubt from the same original. Probably

there would be little difference between the dress of the

Fencibles and the early uniform of the 93rd.

R.H. B. ■
See Appendix A.

* By permiBsioii of M enn. Adam and CharlM Black, Edinborgh,
publishers of a new ediUon.

• «(*—' .V ''St •.<>« .vj-

93rd suthebland uiqhlandeb& 5

received the unqualified approbation of the Governor, GuERxanr.
Sir H. Dab^mple and of Brigadier General MacDonald,
commanding the troops, as well for the rapid progress it
made in its military training, as for its continued good
conduct in quarters.

Sergeant Samuel McDonald, well known by the isos.
appellation of ** Big Sam,*' died at Guernsey on the 6th
of May, 1802, aged forty. He was a native of the county
of Sutherland, and during part of the American war
served in the Fencible Corps raised there ; he was after-
wards fugleman to the Boyals, and continued in this
situation till the year 1789. At that time his extraordi-
nary stature and obliging disposition procured him a
recommendation to His Boyal Highness the Prince of
Wales, with whom he served as lodge porter at Carlton
House till 1798 ; he was then appointed sergeant in the
Sutherland Fencibles. He measured seven feet four inches
high, four feet round the chest, extremely strong built
and muscular, yet proportionable, unless his legs might
be thought even too large for the load they had to bear.
His strength was prodigious, but such was his pacific
disposition that he was never known to exert it im-
properly.*

* ** Annual Register," vol. xUt. 1802, ooutaini the above account
of "Big Sam." His tomb was restored by the non-commissioned
ofiBcers 79th Cameron Highlanders in 1820, and in 1870 by the ofScers •
of the 9drd. I find in *" The Book of Modem Scotch Anecdotes,**
edited by James Allan Mair, published by Boutledge, the following :-*
" ' Big Sam,' a noted character in the Sutherland Fencibles, happened
one night to be placed as sentry over a piece of ordnance, which, oa
account of its weight, would have required three or four ordinary men
to move. He had not been long at his post, however, when his com-
rades, who were enjoying themselves at the guard-room fire, wera
astonished at his entrance with the huge instrument of warfare oa his
shoulder. On being asked what he meant by deserting his post, Sam
replied, * Why, what's the use, kds, of standing out there in such a
cold night, watching that bit of iron, when I can watch it in hero as
weU?*"--B.H.B.

_- • .^>

. ^ «^^ \-. .^ i. .^ . mJi^^' .. g-. ..^. , ^ ,. - ^ i fc i r a AilJirtafii a iai ' iii ii , 1M t t\ 'J rj ji* . ■ M'rj;^' r "^{-frrmftlgj

6 mSTOBICAL BECORDS OF THB

^.^*"«. In September, 1802, the 98rd were ordered to return

CAunr A]n> '^ ' '

Absbdeen to Scotland for the purpose of being disbanded. They

1802. embarked on the 2l8t of that month and arrived on the
14th of October, when they received a route for Kirkcaldy
in Fife. While at Kirkcaldy, and after the discharge of
thirty or forty of the men belonging to Shetland, the
order for reduction was countermanded in consequence
of the expected renewal of hostilities, and the regiment
marched to Aberdeen, where it arrived on the 8th of
November.

1803. • In February, 1803, it was removed to Ireland, land-
Ksm ^S there on the 21st, and was stationed at Newry till

the following July, when it was suddenly ordered to
Dublin, to assist in quelling the serious insurrection
which arose in the Irish capital on the occasion of Lord
Kilwarden's murder.
DuBux. At this period, the men being quartered in the liber-
ties of Dublin, which was placed under martial law, were
exposed to numerous temptations; but their kind and
steady yet decided conduct towards the infatuated popu-
lation they were intended to overawe, formed a theme of
universal praise.

Nothing further appears to have occurred to the 98rd
particularly worthy of notice while it was stationed in

1804. Ireland. Early in 1804 it was removed from Dublin to
Enniskillen, where it was quartered nine months, and
thence to Longford and Youghal. At the latter place,

1805. in the beginning of 1805, it was suddenly ordered to
embark for Jamaica, but after being about ten days or a
fortnight on board ship it was landed, and marched to
Mallow, where it remained till a new destination was
given to it.

On the 80th of July, 1805, the regiment embarked at
Cove of Cork for the Cape of Good Hope, and sailed with
other corps of an expeditionary force.

' »*ai •^♦■,'<^^.«.— ',*iP

r-0 ^«^, ^«.-.\«# • «-

93BD SUTHERLAND H1GHLANDEB&

The following is copied from the '' Emharkation Emm-

Betum of His Majesty's 93rd Regiment of Foot, com- ^^^^

manded hy Lieutenant-Colonel Halkett/' dated Cove ^^^'
Harbour, 80th of July, 1806 :—

Trantpoita'
Names.

PerseuM

Charlotte

Ann

ElMa )
Tapper )

Total

1
1

4
3

1
1

9
7
7

11
8
10

8
3
6

169
156
143

125

583

18
17
13

11
11
3

108

Absekt OFnCBBI.

Major-GeDeral Wemyss.— On the Staff, N.Bw
Captain H. G. Sutherland. — ^Resignation sent In.

„ Trench.— On the Staff, England. .

n Williamion \
Lieutenant Johnstone | At the Isle of Wight
Ensign Hedderick * )
Lieutenant James Fraser. — ^Recruidng.
Ensign John McKay. — Commission dated Ist May, 1806.

YaCAKT OFFIOEBa.

Captain John McLeod, since 9th May removed to 9th Veteran Batta.

M William Fraser „ removed to 9th Veteran Battn.

Ensign James Scohie, 25th June, 1803, ^v^moted in Regiment

„ David Johnstone, 21st May, 1804, removed to 1st Foot

SergcABlA.

Coffponln

DramiMn.

PriTllM.

Recruiting

Furlough

—

Sick Absent '

—

WanUng

— •

856

Estahlishment

1000

XSifftud) A.

Halxxtt,

Lt-Colonel, 93rd Regiment

* It is evident that Ensign Hedderick joined the regiment in time
to land at the Cape, nnce he was wounded in action them. *

8 HISTORICAL BEC0BD8 OF THB

1806L Having touched at Madeira and St. Salvador, they

proceeded to their destination, where they landed on
the 6th of January, 1806/

In his "Highlanders of Scotland/** Colonel David
Stewart says : " This battalion formed part of an arma-
ment embarked at Cork, under the command of Major-
General Sir David Baird, intended for the reduction of
the Cape of Good Hope. This expedition consisted of
three companies of artillery, 200 men of the 20th Light
Dragoons, and the 24th, S8th, Tlst, 72nd, 83rd, and
98rd regiments, with the 69th destined for India.

** The troops were embarked, and sailed in the be-
ginning of August, 1805, and after a boisterous passage
Caps of reached the Cape, and anchored in Table Bay on the
Hopi. 4tb of January, 1806. The troops were immediately
brigaded. The 24th, S8th, and 83rd were under thii
command of Brigadier-General Beresford ; and the High-
land brigade of the Tlst, 72nd and 93rd regiments,
under Brigadier-General Bonald C. Ferguson. The
surf being violent, on the 6th, Brigadier-General Beres-
ford, with the cavalry and 38th regiment, was detached
to Saldanha Bay to effect a landing there. This was
done without opposition a few days afterwards, and on
the 6th, the surf having somewhat abated, the Highland
brigade landed in Lospard Bay, experiencing a slight
opposition from a light corps of the enemy scattered
along the heights bordering on the shore. On this
occasion Lieutenant-Colonel Pack of the Tlst, and a few
men were wounded, and thirty-five men of the 93rd lost
by the upsetting of a boat in the surf.

'^The stores being landed on the 7th, the troops
advanced on the 8th, and ascending to the summit of the

* " Sketches of the character, maDners, atid present state of the
Highlanders of Scotland ; With details of the militarj serrice of the
Highland regiroenU, by Colonel David Stewart," Pahlished in 18'i2.

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 9

SlauTve Berg (or Blue Mountains) , the enemy was perceived Capi or
drawn up on a plain, in two lines of about five thousand Hora.
men, with twenty-three pieces of cannon. General Baird j[^
quickly formed his troops in two columns, and directed
the ^rst brigade, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel
Joseph Baird (in the absence of Brigadier-General Beres- ^
ford), towards the right, while the Highland brigade,
thrown forward on the high road, advanced on the
enemy, who opened a heavy fire of grape, round shot,
and musketry. Seemingly determined to retain their
position, the enemy kept up a smart fire as our troops
approached, till General Ferguson gave the word to
charge. The order was instantly obeyed. The charge
was so impetuous, and apparently so irresistible, that
the enemy, appalled and panic-struck, fired the last
volley in a manner without aim or effect, gave way
at all points, and fled in great confusion, having
sustained a loss of more than six hundred men killed
and wounded, while that of the British was only sixteen
killed, and 191 wounded. The 98rd lost two soldiers
killed, and Lieutenant-Colonel Honeyman, Lieutenants
Scobie and Strachan, Ensigns Hedderick and Craig,* one
sergeant, one drummer, and fifty-one privates, wounded*
The enemy made no further resistance, and thus easily
was this important colony acquired/*

List of casualties amongst the non-commissioned
officers, drummers and rank and file at the capture
of the Cape of Good Hope in January, 1806.*

COMPAMT COMMANDED BT LiBUTRXAKT A. McKSKEU.

Sergeapt Alexander Lowrie ... ... ... Wounded.

Corporal George Fraaer ... ... ... Drowned.

* Lieutenant Strachan and Eueign Craig were probably attached
to the regiment.

HISTOBICAL REOORDS OF THB

Cafi or Corporal Walter Ldster •.
OcoD ,^ James Sutherland

^_^ Drommer ADgoa Ghbholm
I80&

Alexander Greig ...

FriTate

John Alexander

Gilbert Anderson

James Anderson

John Arbnckle •••

Samuel Brock

James Burnett ...

Magnus Duel!

Hugh Ferguson ...

j»

Dayid Fraser

William Fraser ...

9»

James Gillespie

Thomas Grant ...

WiHiam Grant

James Grdg

John Gunn ...

Andrew Jordan ...

John Ldtheod

Richard Ljness •••

Donald McAulay

Alexander McDonald

»f

Peter McDonald

Alexander Mclntyie

DaTid McKay

• It

John McLeod 1st :

John McLeod 2nd

James Mills 1st ...

William Murray

J»

John Rea

Alexander Ross

George Ross ...

f»

George Sutherland

John Sutherland

George Thomson

Hugh Thomson ...

John Watt ... •

William Williamson'

Alexander Young .

• .•

•••

t»«

• f«

•••

• »•

•—

Drowned.

ft
ft

Wounded.
Drowned.

ft
Wounded.

Drowned.

Wounded.

Drowned.
Wounded.
Killed.
Drowned.

ft
ft

»
ft
ft
f f .

Woundeda

Drowned.

ft
ft
ft

ft
"ft

ft
Wounded.

Drowned.

19
ft
tf
ft
ft
ft

* From the original pay lisU at the Record Office.

93bD SUTHEBLAND HIGHLAKDEB& 11

Caftaih Samcvl'b Bbown*8 Compact. ^^ ^

Good

Corporal Dftyid Clark« ... ... ... ... Wounded. Hon.

Private John MoFarlane ... ... ... >, rTTT

M Alexander Sutherland 3rd ... ... »

COMPANT OOMMAKDED BT LlKUTSVAKT SOOBXE.

Private William Dunn

M John McDonald 2qd ... ... ••• KiQed.

M James McKay let ... ... ... Wounded.

I, Angus McKenzie .;.. ... ^

Captaik a. Gobdok's Compact.

Private James Bennett ... ... ... Wounded.

M William Dunnett ... ... ... ^

Captain iBNSAS 8utheblakd*8 Compaht.

Corporal Geoige Telford ... ... ... Woonded.

Private John Kerr ... ... ... ... ^

yy Donald McLeod ... ... ^

„ Andrew Thomson ... ... ... ^

M Alexander Walker ... ... ... ^

COMPAirr GOHVANDBD BT LlEUTENAMT SpBBASI.

Wounded.

Private

Dooald Gunn ;..

•••

CSeorigeGana

•..

••«

Ehenezer Hallej ...

•••

John Jamieson

...

•*•

Bichard Leonard

•••

NeU McDonald

...

*»

Donald Matheeon

•••

9»

George Bobertson

• ..

• a.

Hector Sutherland

• ••
•

Captain Hicher's

•

Company*

Private

Hance Donaldson

••.

...

James Latten

•«.

•*•

9»

Donald McKaj 2nd

•••

•«•

Neil McKay ...

.*•

•••

•
•

John Mathison

•••

George Muir

•••

John Murray 2nd

•.•

•••

Wounded.

12 UI8T0RI0AL BEC0BD8 OF THE

Cam op Captain Ryan's Gompast.

^^ Private William Coote ... ... Wounded.

— > fp David Gilmora ... ... „

WW... „ Robert Gann ... ... ... „.

„ Alexander McLeod ... ... ... „

„ Murdoch Morrison ... ... ... ,»

M John Roes 1st ... ... ... „

n William Stark ... ... ... „

„ John Sutherland ... ... ... ^

Company commanded btLirutknant N. McKiknon.

Corporal Roderick Munro ... ... ... ... Wounded.

Private Robert Adams ... ... ... Drowned.

„ James Chalmers ... ... ... ... Wounded.

,, William McEjij 5th ... ••• Drowned.

» James Peters ... ... ... ... Wounded.

Copy of Sir David Baird's despatch relating to opera-
tions at the Cape. From the London Gazette Extra*
ordinary, of Friday, February 28th, 1806.*

" Cape Town, January 12th, 1800.

" My Lord,

''I have the honour to announce to yon the
capitulation of the town and garrison of Good Hope
to His Majesty's arms.

'' In my despatch of the 24th ult., from St. Salvador,
I had the honour to apprise your lordship of the measures
adopted to refresh the forces under my command, and
having with much difficulty procured ahout sixty or
seventy horses for the cavalry, and the sick being
recruited, the expedition sailed on the 26th of that
month, and we had the good fortune to reach Table Bay
on the 4th inst.

" It had been intended to disembark the &rmy im-

* This despatch is also given in the " Life of Sir David Baird,**
published by Bentlej, of which there is a copy in the Royal United
Service Institution.

■ » .• ..-*■-•

93BD SUTHEBIiAKD HIOHLAXDBItS.

Detpatoh.

mediately, and with a view of oovering our design before Gira or
entering the bay, the 24th regiment, under the com- hops.
mand of the Honourable Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonald, ^^
was detached under the charge of the Leda frigate, to
make a demonstration of landing in Camps Bay, bi;t the
winds haying failed, the fleet did not arrive at its
anchorage until the day was too far advanced to attempt
a landing.

" On the morning of the 5th the first brigade, under
the orders of Brigadier-General Beresford, was embarked
in boats, and proceeded towards the only accessible
parts of the shore in a smaller bay sixteen miles to the
northward of Gape Town, whence it appeared practicable
to effect a debarkation; but the surf had increased so
considerably, that combined with the local difficulties
of the spot, it was found necessary to abandon the
attempt.

*' The rest of the day was devoted to a careful
examination of the coast from Lospard's Bay to within
gun-shot of the batteries in Gape Town, but which only
.produced the distressing conviction that the chance
of effecting a landing depended on contingencies. very,
unlikely to be realized, except in a perfect calm.

'' In consequence of this inference, and in order to
obviate the disadvantages of delay in adopting a resolu-
tion which I apprehended would at last be necessarily
imposed on me, I directed Brigadier-General Beresford
to proceed with the 38th regiment and the 20th Light
Dragoons, escorted by H.M.S. Diomedt to Saldanah
Bay, where the debarkation could be accomplished with
facility, and a prospect was afforded us of procuring
horses and cattle; and I proposed following with the
main body of the army in the event of the beach where
we were being impracticable the ensuing morning. The
surf along the shore of Lospard's Bay having considerably

14 HISTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THK

Gaps op Al>ftted next morning, I determined, with the concurrence
^^^ of Commodore Sir Home Popham, to make an effort to

^xOF&

— - get the troops ashore;' and accordingly the Highland

brigade, composed of the 71st, 72nd, and 98rd regiments,

^^^^^^^ effected that object, under the command of Brigadier*
General Ferguson.

'' The shore had been previously very closely inspected
by the Brigadier, and by his spirited exertions and
example our efforts were crowned with success, although
a confined and intricate channel to the shore (which
bad been accurately pointed out by beacons which had
been laid down by the diligence and activity of the boats
of H.M.S. Diadem), and a tremendous surf opposed the
passage of the troops.

** The enemy had scattered a party of sharp-shooters
over the contiguous heights commanding the landing ;
but the casualties of this service arose principally from
natural difficulties, and it is with the deepest concern I
have the honour to inform your lordship that we lost
thirty-five rank and file of the 98rd regiment by the
oversetting of one of the boats, notwithstanding every
possible effort to rescue these unfortunate men.

'' The remainder of the troops could only be brought
on shore on the succeeding day, when the extraordinary
obstacles to all intercourse with the fleet, which nothing
but the courage and perseverance of British seamen
could surmount, barely enabled us to obtain the indis-
pensable supplies of water and provisions for immediate
subsistence.

** On the morning of the 8th the army, consisting of
the 24th^ 59th, 71st, 72nd, 88rd, and 98rd regiments,
about four thousand strong, was formed into two brigades,
with two howitzers and six' light field-pieces, and moved
towards the road which leads to Gape Town ; and having
ascended the summit of the Blauwe Berg, or Blue

^ -, .-- •:2.-t: — . •- - -: — ^^rrr'.* -v— - *" — . • ^^■^^>.-

; 93BD 8UTHEBLAKD mGHLANDEB& 15

Mountains, and dislodged the enemy^s light troops, I Oapi ov
disoovered their main body drawn up in two lines, hopb.
prepared to receive us, and even in motion to anticipate ^^
our approach. j— ^

''The enemy's force apparently consisted of about
five thousand men, the greater proportion of whichwas
cavalry, and twenty-three pieces of cannon yoked to
horses. The disposition and the nature of the ground
occupied by the enemy's troops, made it evident that
they meant to reserve their right wing, and with their
left attempt to turn our right flank. But to frustrate
their design, I formed the army into two columns, the
second brigade imder Brigadier-General Ferguson
keeping the road, while the first struck off to . the rights
and took the defile of the mountains.

''Having accomplished my purpose, our line was*
formed with equal celerity and order, and the left wing,
composed of the Highland brigade, was thrown forward,
and advanced with the steadiest step under a very heavy
fire of roimd shot, grape, and musketry. Nothing could
surpass or resist the determined bravery of the troops,
headed by their gallant leader, Brigadier-General Fer-
guson, and the numbers of the enemy who swarmed in
the plain served only to augment their ardour and
confirm their discipline.

"The enemy received our fire and maintained his
position obstinately, but in the moment of charging the
valour of British troops bore down all opposition, and
forced him to a precipitate retreat.

" The first brigade, composed of the 24th, 69th, and
88rd regiments, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel
Baird in the absence of Brigadier-General Beresford,
was unavoidably precluded by its situation from any
considerable participation in the triumph of the British
arms. The flank companies of the 24th, however, had

Ill:: _' _-'-'-'*\-*^<»-*iirf.jn ^-aH*i*». ♦ «>'

16 HISTOBIGAL BBCORBS OF THB

Gaps of an opportunity of distinguishing themselves in dis-
lodging a number of horse and riflemen from the heights

j[j^ on our right flank. . This brilliant achievement was,

however, clouded by the loss of Captain Forster of the

Grenadiers, whose gallantry is recorded in the hearts of
his brother soldiers and the universal regrets of the
army.

" It is utterly impossible to convey to your lordship
an adequate idea of the obstacles which opposed the
advance, and retarded the success of our army; but
it is my duty to inform your lordship, that the nature of
the country, a deep, heavy, and dry sand covered with
shrubs, scarcely pervious by light bodies of infantry;
and above all, the total privation of water under the
efiect of a burning sun, had nearly exhausted our gallant
fellows in the moment of victory; and with the greatest
difficulty were we able to reach Beit Valley, where we
took our position for the night.

''A considerable portion of the provisions and
necessaries with which we started, had been lost during
the action, and we occupied our ground under an appro-
hension that even the great ^exertions of Sir Home
Popham and the navy could not relieve us from
starvation.

''My lord, on every occasion where it has been
found necessary to call for the co-operation of British
seamen m land enterprises, their valour has been so
conspicuous, and their spirit of labour and perseverance
so unconquerable, that no tribute of my applause can
add a lustre to their character ; but I discharge a most
agreeable portion of my duty, in assuring your lordship,
that on the recent employment of their services, they
have maintained their reputation ; and in this place it
behoves me to inform your lordship, that the uniform
good conduct of those .gallant fellows, and the zeal of

^1 tn»>'>m'*'0ii ■! i« I *»tTi II ' — ■•'"

J , j^ K .«M>^ V ^■M.H'.i' W W ■ _" * ^

«-<^^ ■

93rd STJTHEBLiLND HIGHLANDERS.

180&

Captain George Byng who commanded them» together Capi or
with every subordinate officer, have merited my fullest
approbation.

** The loss of the enemy in the engagement is reported
to exceed seven hundred men killed and wounded ; and
it is with the most sensible gratification that I contrast it
with the enclosed return of our casualties. Tour lordship
will perceive the name of Lieutenant-Colonel Grant
among the wounded, but the heroic spirit of this officer
was not subdued by his misfortune, and he continued to
lead his regiment to glory as long as an enemy was
opposed to His Majesty^s 72nd. I have the cordial satis-
faction to add, that his wound, although very severe,
is not pronounced dangerous; and I do indulge the
hope and expectation of his early recovery, and resump-
tion of command.

'^ On the morning of the 9th, recruited by such sup-
plies as the unwearied diligence and efforts of the navy
could throw on shore (the 69th regiment being, however,
almost destitute of food), we prosecuted our march upon
Cape Town, and took up a position south of the Sael
BiVer, which we trusted might preserve a free communi-
cation with the squadron ; for our battering train, as
well as every other necessary, except water, had yet to
pass to us from His Majesty*s ships.

" In this situation, a flag of truce was sent to me by
the commandant of the garrison at Cape Town (the
Governor-General Jansscns having retired, after the
action of the 8th, into the country, moving by Hotten-
tots Holland Eloof), requesting a suspension of hostilities
for forty -eight hours, in order to negotiate a capitulation.
In answer to this overture, I despatched Brigadier-
General Ferguson, accompanied by Lieutenant-Colonel
Brownrigg, to stipulate, as the condition of my acqui-
escence, the surrender of the outworks of the town within

18 mSTOBICAL REOOBDS OF THB

Cafb ov six hovars, aUomng thirty-sir for arranging the artideB
of eapitnhitioiu

^^ . '' My proposition being assented to, the o9th regnant
marched into Fort Ereoeke ; and on the next day, in
eonjnnction with Sir Home Popham, the terms were
agreed upon, and His Majesty's troops were pnt into
possession of the seyeral defences of the town. Of the
modified capitulation, as ratified by as» I ha^e the
hononr to enclose a copy.

• * • m * •

(%ned) '' Datid BiiBD.**

The 98rd remained in garrison at the Cape until it
embarked for England in 1814. Though it was thus
placed in ^ state of inactivity, inexpressibly painful to
every ardent soldier, during the most animating period of
the war that was proceeding on the continent of Europe^
and was consequently denied any share in the innumer-
able triumphs that were gained by most other corps, the
men did not cease to exhibit by their consistent and
respectable conduct in quarters, an example of steadi-
ness and subordination that was frequently held forth,
by the military authorities at the Gape, as most worthy
the imitation of all the other troops in the garrison.

CThe religious principles which influenced no incon*
derable number of the non-commissioned officers and
soldiers of the regiment, seem to have been so greatly
strengthened by the instrumentality of a concurrence of
favourable circumstances at the Gape, that being
anxious, in addition to their stated meetings for reading
the Scriptures and for prayer, to enjoy the advantages
of spiritual instruction agreeably to the tenets of their
National Ghurch, and there being no Divine service in
the garrison except the customary one of reading prayers
to the troops on parade, the men of the 93rd, in 1808,

■C«M^'MIMI»*

■«a^ — ;*i« j^ «tifc».

' ■1 * ' * ^aij rf ^ ' — "^jI

93bd suthbbulkd uiohlandebs.

Good

1806.

formed a Chuieh, appointed elders and other office- Gapbot
bearers, of their o^wn number, engaged and paid a sti-
pend to a clergyman of the Church of Scotland, and
had Divine service regularly performed agreeably to the
ritual of the Established Church. A

As a memorial of this institutioiiy which proved a
signal blessing to the regiment, the communion plate
remained for many years in the possession of the ser-
geants, and there were amongst the regimental records,
the regulations intended for the government of its
members, which strikingly manifested alike the sober
piety and the soldierlike sentiments that animated the
gallant foundeiis of this establishment.

The numbers more intimately associated, as commu-
nicants, with the regimental church, amounted to some
hundreds, none of whom, it may fairly be presumed,
would have been permitted to approach its more sacred
ordinances by the excellent minister presiding over
them, who did not evince unimpeachable morality of
conduct as well as a rational profession of religion.
/^But the benefit of this institution was not confined
tp those more immediately connected with it, or who
contributed to its support ; for good as well as evil prin-
ciple and example having a diffusive property, it proved
that the influence of the trtfly religious though minor
portion of the battalion produced, by a sort of reflex
operation, the most beneficial effects upon the external
conduct of many who were not guided, either directly or
professedly, by similar principles.\ Hence, notwithstand-
ing the great influx about this period of recruits of much
more questionable character than the respectable men

•

of whom it was originally composed, the 98rd still con-
tinued to be distinguished above all other corps by their
general propriety of demeanour upon every occasion.
/^ While at the Cape, severe punishments in the regi-

1806.

20 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

Cape or inent were unnecessary ; and so rare was the commission
i^m. o^ crime, that twelve and even fifteen months together
have been known to elapse without a single court*
martial being assembled for the trial of any soldier of
the 98rd, whose presence besides, as an emphatic compli-
ment to their steadiness, was generally dispensed with
when the other troops of the garrison were commanded
to witness the infliction of corporal punishmenw

While the soldiers of the regiment continued thus
remarkable for their sobriety, for the decency and tone
of propriety observable in their most common conversa*
tion, for their alacrity in the performance of duty, and
their contentment, subordination, and respect for military
authority ; their frugality enabled them, and their gene*
rous sense of duty inclined them, to save out of their pay
considerable sums of money for the relief of their poor
relations at home, as well as for more general objects of
benevolence. And in addition to their contributions to
the charitable funds formed in the regiment, an old
officer of the 93rd affirms that many of the men were in
the habit of lodging in his hands savings amounting to
from five pounds to fifty pounds until opportunities were
presented of forwarding the money to its destination ; and
upon one occasion in particular five hundred pounds
were remitted to Sutherland, exclusive of many minor
sums sent home through the post-office.

With such soldiers, steadily reflecting honour on
their country and the service, the responsibility of
officers was easily and joyfully discharged, and it would
naturally become their study to extend the most ample
indulgence to men whose high sense of honour rendered
them incapable of abusing it.

Lieutenant-Colonel Halkett left the 93rd for the 104th
Foot, on May 8rd, 1810 ; he was succeeded by Lieu-
tenant-Colonel George Johnstone.

'T^l HIm ^■■imi

k^Mn«*«MM(UM»rHi4*ifeMkCMA4lMlfek •«$!>«

f- x : tj * gy » ■s:yigg^»L •.

93rd sutheblakd highlander&

In 1818» a second battalion was added to the regi-
ment. It was formed at InyemesB, and was destined to
join the army under the Duke of Wellington, but owing
to the peace of 1814 its destination was changed*

Lieutenant-Colonel Bobert Dale succeeded Colonel
Johnstone, 10th February, 1814.

On the 29th and 80th of March, 1814, the second
battalion embarked at Aberdeen for Gravesend, where
it disembarked on the 10th of April, and on the
28rd of April embarked at Gosport on board the ships
William Heathcot and Mariner, for Newfoundland.

The following is a list of the officers, with the ships
in which they embarked : —

Gaps OP
Good
Hop&

isia

A teoond

batUlion

formed.

1814.

2nd BO-

talioB
proceeds
to New-
foundland.

Major William Wemjst

•••

Waiiam Heatheoi.

Captain Donald McLeod

•••

Mariner,

„ Neil McKinnon

•••

„ James Gunn

•■•

WUliam ffeaihooi.

„ Robert Cook

•••

Lieutenant Wemjss Sutherland

•••

M An$i;uB Leslie

•••

••■

„ William Rose

•••

Mariner*

Ensign Creorge Menzies

••.

•••

„ Peter Grant

•«•

•••

WiUiam EeaiheoL

M Peter Cheape

•••

Mariner,

„ Lewis Grenier

•
•••

•••

WiUiam Eeatheoi.

M Bruce Lamb

•••

», James Walker

•••

n DaTid Cowan

•••

,, John Arthur

•••

•.•

Mariner,

„ Gordon

•••

Ensign and Adjutant H.

BaU

•••

Paymaster Alexander Aitken

• ••

William neatheoL

Quarter-Master John Duncan

•••

Surgeon Punchon

•••

Assistant^Surgeon George Ingles

■••

Mariner.

The 1st battalion embarked for England from the
Cape of Good Hope on the 25th of April, 1814. On the
occasion of its departure. Lord Howden, the Oovemor,
issued the following order : —

22 HI8T0BIGAL BEOOBDB OF THB

Cats or ''In obedience to orders from His Boyal Highness
Hon. the Commander-in-chief, the 93rd regiment will h

1814. ^^^y make the necessary preparations for leading this
colony.

'< His Excellency the Commander of the Forces feels
the sincerest pleasnre in expressing the general regret
of this colony npon the departure of the 93rd regiment ;
their long residence has added every year to their
character for discipline and good conduct, and they will
be borne universally in remembrance as friends as well
as excellent soldiers.

** The Commander of the Forces anxiously joins in the
public voice that so approved a corps, when called forth
into the more active scenes that now await them in
Europe, will confirm the well-known maxim, that the
most regular, and best conducted troops in quarters, are
those who form the surest dependence, and will acquire
the most renown in the field.'*

The ships in which the battalion embarked were the
Baring, Preston, and Norfolk transports.

The officers were distributed as follows : —

Major Bobert Dale ... ... ... Baring.

M Andrew Grea^ ••• ••• ••• PmUm.

Captain Alexander Gordon (Major) ... ... Nor/M.

^ Thomas Hicheni ... ... ••• n

„ Richard R^'an ... ... ••. TruUm.

„ Edward Fawooner ... ... Nor/dk,

Alexander Douglas (Major) ... ••• Preslpn.

Alexander McKensia ••• ... Baring.

Henry Ellis ••• ... ... m

,, William Lunt (Supernumerary) ... Nor/dk

Lieutenant Edward Hart ... ... ... PretUm.

„ Alexander McDonnell ... ... Nar/oik.

^ H. H« McLean ... «•. ... «f^

„ John Heddeiick ... ... ... Baring.

„ Robert SparK ... ... «•• w

„ JEneas McPherson ... ... NoffM.

f, Andrew Fhaup ••• ... *•• Baring,

-^TK^irtMB

M&<«Mftl

.»-ia«kdHlU«M*w<;MA«lMtM*i>A»*»ih^U«tarfi^l«kM

Mi«**M*'<»-»*«»MJW>>»^M ij"i»<w>wwtfiev

93BD SUTHEBLAND mOHLANDBBa

Lieutenant George Hunio ...

•••

Norfdk.

Gafiov

Alexander Muirhead

•••

PrtaUm.

Good
Hops.

Jolin White

•••

James Ewart

•••

NorfM.

1814.

John Brown •••

•••

Prutan.

t»

D. McFherson

•
•••

•••

N<n/M.

John McDonald •••

•••

PrmUnu

f«

Charles Gordon •••

•••

Baring.

- ft

Alexander Boee •••

•••

John Haj

•••

Charles Head

•••

•••'

PreMtam.

William Graves (Supernumerary)

•••

•

Ensign F. A. Stuart

•••

•
•••

Baring.

Alexander Douglas

•••

Pfttt&nm

Paymaster Tliomas Patullo

•••

Baring.

Adjutant James Ireland •••

•••

Quarter-Master George McKay

•••

»» .

Surgeon George Mann

•••

Assistant-Surgeon James Dempstei

>
•••

•••

PrtBion.

Acting Assistant-Surgeon Regan

•••

Noffolk.

The convoy under charge of His Majesty's ships
Chrinde, Semiramit, and Stag sailed from Table Bay on
the Ist of May, and on the 19th cast anchor in Bt. Helena
roads. Being joined there by some ships of war and a
fleet of Indiamen from China, the whole (fifty-four in
number) sailed from St. Helena on the 2nd of June, and
on the 2nd of August the transports came to anchor
in Plymouth Bound. Proceeding afterwards to Spithead,
the regiment was transferred on the 10th to His
Majesty's ships BeJle Poule, DuUin, and Queen, to bo
reconveyed to Plymouth, where it was disembarked on
the 16th and marched into Frankfort barracks.

Of those disembarked there were : —

Scotch 60 Sergeants. 18 Drummers. 909 Bank and file.

English — « 1 tf 16 •• ft

Irish 2 „ In If n ft

Foreigners — ^ ^ n 2 „ ^

ToUl 62 Sergeants. 22 Drummers. 944 Bank and file.

HISTORICAL RECX>BDS OF THK

NEW ORLEANS.

1814.' On {he 7tb of September, 1814, orders were received
for the Ist battalion 9Srd Highlanders to hold itself in
immediate readiness for embarkation, and Major-General
Sir John Eeane arrived the same day to take command
of the force of which the regiment was to form part*

On the 16th of September they embarked in three
divisions, in His Majesty's ships Alcestt, Bedford, and
BelU Poule, and on the 18th the expedition sailed, sup-
posed for the purpose of making a descent npon some
part of the coast of the United States.

The following is from the embarkation return : —

Officbbs* Names axd

Ships.

Lieatenant-Colonel Dale

•••

...

Bet^ord.

Major Oreagh (Lieutenant-Colonel)

«.•

AlufU.

M A. Qordon •••

•••

.••

BdUPinde.

Gdiptain Ryan

.••

Stdfordt

„ Fawooner

• a.

•••

BeUe P<mte.

M A. Douglas

• ••

...

AknU.

„ A. McKende ...

.••

•••

BtdfoHL

„ H. Ellia

• ••

.••

^ W. Lunt

• •.

•••

BdUPoMle.

„ £. Hart ...

• ••

...

AUe9U.

^ A. Muirhead ...

...

«••

Lieutenant H. H. McLean

• ••

.*•

BelU Poule.

„ J. Hedderick ...

• ••

••«

Bedford.

^ R. Spark

• ••

• a.

• M

M M, McPhenon

• a.

• «•

•t

93bd suthebland hiohlahdbbs. 25

Lieutenant A.'Fbaup BelU Povk. Expedi-

„ J.Brown Aloute. tionto

„ J. Ewari ..• ... ... BdU FcuU. Orletnt.

,, D. McPhenon ... ... «•

„ J. McDonald Be^ord. l^*-

^ G. Gordon BdUPouU.

ff A. Bote ... ... ••• ^ic69t€,

^ w. Haj^ ••• ... •.• M

„ CHead BdU Pwh.

„ W. V. Gravel ..• ... n

Ensign Dottglaf ••• ••• ... AleetU.

Paymaster Patullo ... ... ..• Be^onL

Adjutant Ireland ••• ... ••• n

Quarter-Master McKaj ... ..• n

Assistant-Surgeon Dempster ... ... n

„ J. Began ... ... AkaU.

Abseht ahd Bbasoxb.

Colonel Wemy«. \q^^ Offio«.

Lieutenant-Colonel G. Johnstone. )
Captain D. C. McLeod.
Lieutenant W. E. Sutherland.
Ensign George Menzies.

M Peter Grant.

„ Peter Cheape. \Doing duty with 2nd Battalion.

^ Bruce Lamh.

M Lewis Grenier.

„ J. Walker.

„ G. Inglis.

Surgeon George Mann.— H. B. H. the Commander-in-Chiefs leave.
Lieutenant F. A. Stuart— Disemharked tick.

BscBUiTDra,

Captdn A. McKay. — ^lnTem4

Lieutenant C. Thomson. ) -, , * tt :i /x ^

, D.McKenale.r"^^''^**^^-^'^"-
Endgn A. Fraser. — ^Invemesi.

Numbers XMBABxsn.

Three Field Officers, 10 Captains^ 15 Suhaltems, 5 SUff, 42 Sergeants^

22 "Trumpeters," 48 Corporals. 817 Privates.
Brevet*MaJor Boulger. Emharked on 17th Septemher.

26 HmxoaiCAii bbcobdb of thb

Bspedi- The fleet lumng toaohed at Madeira made the Islaiid
New of Barbadoes on the 4th of Noyember, and remained in
^^^°*' Carlisle Bay taldng in water, and exercising the troops
1814. occasionally on shore imtil the 12th, when it weighed
and made sail to leeward, and on the 28rd came to
anchor in Nigril Bay, Jamaica. Here we found Sir
Alexander Cochrane with his flagship, etc.,the Tannant,
80 gmis, and the force which had been under the com-
mand of the late Creneral Boss at Washington and
Baltimore, waiting, as it would appear, for the troops
under Sir John Eeane.

On the 26th of November, the fleet (upwards of fifty
sail) weighed, and stood out of the bay, the whole under
the directions of Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane, who
was supposed to have the destination of the expedition
entrusted to him. Secret, however, as it was said to bo
kept, it was anticipated and conveyed to the Americans
at New Orleans from Port Boyal, Jamaica, almost before
setting saQ from that island; at all events, some time
before the British armament made the American coast. \
The fleet having made the land (which is extremely
low) on the 10th of December, came to anchor near the
entrance of Lake Borgne, and opposite some barren
islands (the Chandeleur). From this to the 22nd of
December the time was entirely occupied in conveying
the troops in the boats of the fleet (after the capture of
some American gun-boats) to an uninhabited island
(Pine Island) on Lake Ponchantrain, a continuation of
Lake Borgne. On this miserable spot the army ren-
dezvoused, and bivouacked amongst marshes and mud
for two days, when the boats of the fleet were again
employed, and a difficulty encountered in conveying
and landing the troops a distance of at least eighty
miles. In this manner, the only possible mode left,
sixteen hundred men were landed on the afternoon of the

\ l a l O i

»»■! > ■ .<d->wi»i<. ^ > .Mi i> * > »*w^ f V^-*^', ^ C -•.-to'*-*-- . s-jt^y^** rf^ 'V-*-

93bd suthebland highlandeb& 27

28rd of December, and having, after some trouble, New

marched eight or ten miles along the edge of a ditch or

canal by an indirect path, apparently surrounded, as it ^^^^
were, with an impervious forest of reeds, over which
the tallest could not possibly see, they at length found
themselves on the banks of the Mississippi, without
encountering the smallest opposition.

This small force was attacked in their bivouac on the
night of the 28rd of December by the Americans, supposed
to be about four thousand strong, and after a desperate
and desultory struggle, in which a great loss was
sustained on both sides, the enemy were compelled to
make a hasty retreat. On this occasion the only part of
the regiment engaged was the Grenadier and part of a
battalion company, under Lieutenant-Colonel Dale. On
the two following days the whole of the army was
landed, including part of the Ist and 6th West Indian
regiments, whose services here were rendered worse than
useless, from their inability to stand the frost and cold.

On the morning of the 28th of December, the army
advanced towards the American lines, having the day
before blown up, through the means of red-hot shot, an
American armed schooner, and compelled a frigate to
move up the river, both these vessels having flanked our
position. The force was in two brigades, and formed
into dose column.

The 95th, in advance, drove in the enemy's picqueti
'after some skirmishing. On the column geUing withm
range of their cannon, a brisk fire was opened upon it
with considerable effect from the frigate as well as their
batteries, the first shot enfilading the 85th regiment, in
front of the 98rd, and killing or wounding the officer in
command of the leading company of that corps and
several men. The left column having deployed, con-
tinued advancing with the eager and sanguine hope of

28 HISTOBICAL BEG0BD8 OF THE

Kxw pushing forward and forcing the enemy's lines, when
just as it had got nearly within mnsket range, orders

1814. ^^Q given for each regiment to form into close column
again, and await, under the best shelter (where in point
of fact there was little or none), for further orders to
advance ; but for this order, which was so fondly looked
for, they waited in vain, being kept under fire for five
hours. The army at last had to retire several hundred
yards, and take up a position for the night, after sustain-
ing some loss in killed and wounded.

The 93rd on this occasion had three rank and file
killed and several wounded, comparatively a very trifling
loss, considering the quantity of shot and shell that fell
around and amongst them. ; the latter, however, from the
swampy nature of the ground, did little or no execution.

During the 29th, 80th, and 81st of December, the
98rd and the other corps suffered annoyance in their en-
campment or bivouac from the guns of the enemy, which
were placed in battery on the right bank of the Missis-
sippi. Meanwhile several guns were got up with immense
labour, and batteries erected, chiefly constructed of sugar
hogsheads,* by our army, which were supposed to be
strong enough to silence, or at least to cope with those
opposed to us.

1815. Long before daybreak on the 1st of January, 1815, the

* In the Rev. G. R. Gleig's ** Campaigns of the British Army at
Washington and New Orleans,** he says^ referring to these : — " In the
erection of these hatteries, a circumstance occurred worthy of notice,
on account of its singularity. I have already stated that the whole
of this district was covered with the stuhble of sugar cane, and I
might have added, that every storehouse and ham attached to
the different mansions scattered over it was filled with barrels of
sugar. In throwing up these works, the sugar was used instead
of earth. Rolling the hogsheads towards the front, they were placed
upright in the parapets of the batteries ; and it was computed that
sugar to the value of many thousand pounds sterling was thus
dispoeed of."

93bd sutheblakd highlandebs. 29

army was in motion to be placed in position similar to Ns«'
that of the 28th of December, but closer to the American ^"*^''
lines. Forming in close column of regiments, they were ^^^^
ordered to lie down and wait for the favourable issue of
the fire of our batteries against the enemy's works, which
opened with a brisk fire at daylight, but it was unfortu-
nately all in vain. After a cannonade of several hours,
all, or the greater part, of our guns were dismounted
and silenced, and after a trying and harassing day, the
whole of which it was under fire, orders were given for
the army to retire to its former bivouac^ The 93rd lost
one subaltern, one sergeant, and six rank and file killed,
and several wounded. From this day to the 7th the
army underwent great fatigue in the carriage of guns,
stores, etc., and was constantly annoyed both day and
night by the batteries of the enemy on the opposite side
of the Mississippi, which were daily killing or wounding
some of our officers or men in camp. On the afternoon
of the 7th, the troops had their hopes again raised
by the orders issued for a general attack the following
morning, but as this expedition commenced, so did it
terminate, in utter disappointment and calamity.

On the 8th of January Jthe main body of the regiment
were advancing in compact close column towards the
centre of the American lines, which were pouring a tre-
mendous fire of grape and musketry, including buckshot,
upon them, flushed with the confidence of measuring
bayonets with their hitherto concealed enemies, when
their patience and discipline were again put to the test
when within at most eighty or a hundred yards of their
breastworks, by an order to halt. In this unenviable
position, without the permission or even power to fire
with any e£fect whatever, with nothing visible but the
murderous aim of thousands of American rifles, or more
properly speaking their muzzles (the tops of their caps

30 mSTOBIOAL BEC0BD6 OF THB

New being only seto as they loaded and fired), resting npon

' their parapets, did the writer of this record * hear some

^^^ staff officer exclaim, *as he hurriedly came np and rode
away, *' Ninety- third, have a little patience, and yon shall
soon have your revenge/' Bat, alas ! it was decreed
otherwise. The regiment continued without any farther
orders whatever, the officers and men mowed down in
all directions, until Sir John Lambert, the senior sur-
viving general officer, thought it advisable to order the
army to retire.f In this most disastrous affair (action it
could not well be termed) the 93rd was greatly cut up,
having five officers and one volunteer, four sergeants,
one drummer, and one hundred and fifteen rank and file
killed, including those who died the next day of their
wounds ; twelve officers (including one volunteer), seven-
teen sergeants, three drummers, and three hundred and
forty-eight rank and file wounded.

A very interesting account of this day's proceedings

* Captain Charles €kMrdoiL

t A lady, the daughter of an American gentleman, who was pre-
sent with the enemy, says, writing to Lieutenant-Colonel Nightingale :
— " I have often heard my father say that both officers and men gave
proof of the most intrepid gallantry^ and that it moved him to tears,
as he saw man after man of magnificent HighLmders mowed down by
the murderous artillery and rifle balls. They moved forward in perfect
order, giving three cheers as they advanced, heedless of a pitiless
storm of baHs, aud only gave way when five hundred of their number
lay dying on the field. A little drummer boy climbed up into a tree,
and contiuned to cheer the poor fellows on until the end of the fight
^'he Americans, comparatively safe, behind a breastwork formed out
of cotton bales, only lost thirteen men, and they made every one of
their rifles telL My father was not a military man, but like many of
his fellow-citizens, volunteered for the defence of his country. He
was a personal friend of the American general, Jackson, who com*
' manded, and was on his staff as bearer of despatches. After the
battle, my father took a Bible from the body of one of the Highlanders ;
it had his nanie, but no address, and had been given him by his
mothec'*

93rd SUTHERLAND HIOHLANDERR. 81

is given in Blackwood' $ Magazine for September, 1828 * Nkw
(No. 148), from which the following is extracted : — maw,

''The British army was drawn np in the following ^^^^
order : the 4th, 2l8t, 44th, and six companies of the Bifle
Brigade formed oor right wing; the light companies
of the 7th, 98rd, and a company of the 43rd Light
Infantry on our left, and destined to storm the redonbt
on the main road; a company of • • • • carried their
scaling ladders and fascines ; the remainder of the 93rd
were in position near the road, and their movements
were to be regulated by the progress made by the troops
on the opposite bank ; the nine companies each of the
7th and 43rd formed the reserve, and were to bo
employed as affairs might render expedient; several
small batteries were placed along the line, and two-
black corps were a short distance in rear.

** At daybreak, the signal rocket having been thrown
np, our batteries opened, and the troops stationed on
the left bank moved forward to the attack, the left
column t preceding a very little the right wing, on
purpose to engage the enfilading fire of the redoubt, as -
well as that of the battery on the opposite bank, and
having at its head the company of the 43rd Light In*
fantry, advanced along the main road to storm the
redoubt, under a very deadly fire of grape shot and
musketry from the main line of entrenchments, as well
as from the redoubt. This small body of men, however,

* This is ugned with the initials ** R. S^** and dated " Hall Ciiadel,
July ITtfa, 1828." I conclude, therefore, that the writer must have
been Captain Robert Simpson, of the 43rd, the only officer with those
initials whose name I find amongst the wounded who were also taken
prisoners. Lieutenant Robert Sparks, of the 93rd, was wounded but
not taken prisoner.— R H. B.

t " The left column, composed of one company of the 7th, SSrd,
and 43rd, were considered a forlorn hope; they had, in killed and
wounded, wght officers and one hundred and eighty soldieri.''

32 HISTORICAL BEC0RD8 OF THE

continued to press forward, and with such rapidity, that
Ouju^ they passed along the front of the powerful hattery
1815. placed on the opposite bank without suffering from its
fire; and although Captain Henry of the 7th, and
Hitchens of the 98rd light companies, and other officers,
had ahready fallen by the grape shot and musketry fire
from the batteries on this side of the river ; and in spite
of the good conduct of troops defending the redoubt, who,
after the head of the column had descended into the
ditch, continued their fire into its rear; and although
their scaling ladders and fascines were not brought up,
forced themselves, after a short but very severe contest,
into the redoubt, which was defended by part of the 7th
American Begiment, the New Orleans rifle company, and
a detachment of the Kentucky Riflemen. But Lieutenant-
Ck)lonel Benny* of the 21st, who, from his singular intre-
pidity, had been selected to command this attack, was
killed in ascending by the first embrasure, two rifle balls
entering his head; and it was only when the British
soldiers were on the parapet and in the embrasures that
the redoubt was yielded to us, and for a time the guns
were in our possession, thus rendering the defence very
honourable to the enemy, and the more creditable to the
brave troops who, under circumstances of very great
difficulty, had succeeded in carrying the work. At this
moment the contest was in our favour, the capture of
the redoubt thus early having prevented its enfilading
fire from being brought against the columns composing
our right wing, in which was placed our principal force.

* ** Mr. Withers, a respecUble Kentucky farmer, having decided
upon an attempt to kill Lieutenant-Colonel Renny, placed a second ball
in his rifle, and, taking post behind the first gun in the redoubt, shot
the Lieutenant-Colonel the moment he reached the embrasure; and
possessing himself of his watch and snuff-box, presented them to me,
by whom they were forwarded to the Licutcnant-Coloncrs' relations,
agreeably to the request of Mr. Withers.**

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDKR& 33

But the right wing, being about to engage, on finding Niw
themselves in consequence of the conduct of • • • • ^^^^^
deprived of the materials they considered absolutely ^^^^
necessary for the passage of the ditch, hesitated; and
this being under the enemy's fire, was changed first into
confusion, and afterwards into almost general retreat;
causing a loss, in all probability, out of proportion to
what would have been sustained, had they, in a deter-
mined manner, rushed forward in a body and stormed
the intrenchments, crowning the crest of the glacis with
light infantry ; for, protected by their fire, it was quite
possible to have accomplished the passage of the ditch ^
without the assistance of either scaling ladder or fascine;
as these, however, were not brought up,, confidence was
lost, by even the very same soldiers who, under obsta-
cles in a tenfold degree niore difficult to be surmounted,
had triumphantly planted the British standard on the
ramparts of Badajos and St. Sebastian. The feeling of
regret at this failure was not. a little increased by the
knowledge that there were intrepid men upon this point,
who in an isolated manner passed not only the ditch,
but gained even the parapet/*

''Among other instances of conspicuous gallantly.
Captain Wilkinson, of the Staff, nobly feU on the slope
of th^ parapet, upon which he had at that moment
gained a footing." t ..

• •••••

^ ** This obsorration is made in oonsequenoe of iba whole of the
defences having been passed by roe, partly as conqueror, and partly as
a wounded prisoner."

t In another note the writer says, '* HaTing remained during the
whole day in the American field hospital, I had an opportunity of
observing the consternation caused to the enemy by Colonel Thorn-
ton's attack on the opposite bank, which was totally unexpected, and,
in the British shout of victory, I anticipated a speedy release from
captivity. It cannot be but proper to express gratitude for the cour-
teous civility of General Jackson, who^ on causing a staff oflSoer to

3i . HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB

Kxw The main if not the entire cause of this day's disasters

was the misconduct of the regiment which had heen

^^^^ detailed for the duty of carrying the fascines and ladders
— and which misconduct arose from the incapacity of
the officer (a captain and brevet lieutenant-colonel) , who
happened at the time to be in command of it. * The
regiment in question had rendered distinguished service
on many occasions previously, and had opportunity
afterwards as early as Waterloo of retrieving its cha-
racter, as in several campaigns since; it is only fair,
therefore, to regard this as a melancholy instance of how
really good and gallant soldiers may become demora-
lized when in bad hands. The officer was subsequently
brought to a court-martial, and Major M'Dougal, of the
85th, aide-de-camp to Sir Edward Pakenham, says, in
giving his evidence : — " At no* period in the field did I
see any part of the • • . • regiment in a body; there were
some at the head of the column, many at the flanks and
rear of the column: I particularly remarked several
soldiers of that regiment throwing down the fascines
and ladders to commence firing. It is my opinion, that
the whole confusion of the column proceeded from the
original defective formation of the • ... ; the fall of Sir
Edward Pakenham deprived the column of its best
chance of success ; and, had the column moved forward
according to order, the enemy's lines would have been
carried with little loss." t

The woimded, or at least such of them as could be

express regret for the misfortune which had made me a prisoner, hegged
my acceptance of a bottle of choice claret, rendered at that time, in
consequence of the British blockade, of rare value in that part of
America."

* It wiU be seen that General Lambert, in his despatch, touches
but lightiy on the subject of the fascines and ladders, possibly itserv-
ing it for some more confidenUal report

t See " James's Military Occurrences."

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEB& 35

removed, having been conveyed in open boats and small' Kkw
craft to the shipping, after enduring every privation, the !l^
army followed as soon as circumstances rendered it ^^^^
practicable, and by the end of the month the whole of
the remnant of what it had been, was afloat, and on
board ship again in comparative luxury.

Soon after this (7th of February) the fleet weighed and
made sail to the eastward, and came to anchor at the
mouth of the Bay of Mobile. The 9Srd and the greater part
of the army were disembarked upon an uninhabited island
(Isle Dauphin), and, as soon as circumstances permitted,
encamped. Meantime, a fort built on a projecting head-
land, commanding the entrance, and opposite to our
encampment, had surrendered to that portion of the
troops sent against it,, and other preparations were
making for attacking the fortified town of Mobile, when a
stop was put to them by accounts received of the prelimi-
naries of peace between Great Britain and the United
States. After being encamped about six weeks,* the
army was ordered to embark for Europe.

* In Gleig's "CampaigDS of the British Army at WaBhiogtoa
and New Orleans," an account Is given of how the time was spent
after the offensive operations were discontinued. A theatre was erected,
and there was also shooting and fishing ; he says, '* As summer came
on, the island sent forth multitudes of snakes from their lurking places,
' which infested the camp^ making their way in some instances into our
very heds: This was had enough, but it was not the only nuisance to
which we were subject. The alligators, which during the winter
months lie in a dormant state, now began to awaken, and prowling
"* about the margin of the pool, created no little alarm and agitation.

Apparently confounded at our invasion of their territories, these mon-
sters at first confined themselves to the marshy part of the island, but
becoming by degrees more fiimiliar, they soon ventured to approach
the very predncts of the camp. One of them at length entered a tent,
in which only a woman and a child chanced to be, and, having stared
round as if in amazement, walked out again without offering to commit
any violence. But the visit was of too serious a nature to be over-
looked. Parties were accordingly formed for their destruction, and H

36 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

Nsw Eight companies of the 98rd were put on hoard the

"^ Alceste and Belle PauU troop ships, the remaining

^^^^ two companies being detained as the last of the troops
to evacuate the island, and putting into Havannah for a
supply of fresh provisions, arrived at Spithead on the
15th of May-

Extract from a despatch of Major-General Eeane to
Major-General the Honourable Sir Edward Paken-
ham : —

Despatch.

1814. ** Camp on the left bank of the irisdssippi, nine milea

from New Orleani, December 26th, 1814.

"Sib,

'* I have the honour to inform you, that be-
tween the 17th and 22nd instant, the troops destined
for the attack of New Orleans were collected at Isle aux
Poix, which is the entrance of the Pearl river.

" Having learnt that it was possible to e£fect a land-
ing at the head of the bayou * Catalan, which runs into
Lake Borgne, I directed Major Forrest, assistant quarter-
master-general, to have it reconnoitred. Lieutenant
Peddie, of that department, accompanied by the Honour-
able Captain Spencer, of the navy, ascertained on the
night of the 18th that boats could reach the head of
the bayou, from which a communication might be made

was usual on the return of each from an excursion, instead of asking
how many birds, to demand how many snakes and alligators had been
shot.

" Another employment, also, deserves to be noted, because it is truly
characteristic of the boyish jollity of young soldiers. Wearied ndth a
state of idleness, the officers of the 7th, 4drd, and 14th Dragoons made
an attack with fiMipples upon those of the 85ih, 93rd, and 95th. For
the space of some days they pelted each other from morning till night,
laying ambuscades, and exhibiting, on a small scale, all the stratagems
of war; whilst the whole army, not even excepting the Generals them-
. seWes, stood by and spurred them on."

* Bayou — Creek.

uc^ ■ ■■ A,mtmMm1» mm ■> . —A ■ T i mmt*m. - w . -. -fc^ .. ^ .. . .^ ^^ , ^ ^ ^ . ^. ^ .^ ^^ .^ . I ... ^— ^

93bd suthebland highlakdebs. 37

to the high road, on the left bank of the Mississippi, New
leading to New Orleans. ^^ff*

** On the morning of the 22nd, every arrangement ^^
being made by Yice-Admiral tl^e Honourable Sir Alex- DetpatelL
ander Cochrane, I determined to attempt it. The light
brigade, composed of the 85th and 95th regiments.
Captain Lane's rocketeers, one hundred sappers and
miners, and the 4th regiment as a support, the whole
under the command of Colonel' Thornton, were placed
in the boats ; and the 21st, 44th, and 98rd regiments,
under Colonel Brooke, and a large proportion of artillery
under Major Munro, were embarked in small vessels.

'^ At 10 a.m. on the 22nd we sailed from Pearl river,
and reached the head of the bayou at daylight next
morning. A landing was immediately effected, without
any other opposition than the country presented. Cap-
tain Blanchard, of the royal engineers, in the course of
two hours opened a communication through several
fields of reeds intersected by deep muddy ditches,
bordered by a low swampy wood. Colonel Thornton
then advanced and gained the high road, taking up a
position with the right resting on the road, and the left
on the Mississippi. In this situation I intended to remain
until the boats returned for the rest of the troops to the
vessels, some of which grounded at a great distance.

'' At about eight o'clock in the evening, when the
men, much fatigued by the length of time they had been
in the boats, were asleep in their bivouac, a heavy
flanking fire of round and grape shot was opened upon
them by a large schooner and two gun* vessels, which
had dropped down the river from the town and anchored
abreast of our fires. Immediate steps were necessary
to cover the men, and Colonel Thornton, in the most
prompt and judicious manner, placed his brigade under
the inward slope of the bank of the river, as did also

, m , m '„ , ) i ' . ^r , »nm^ri»A ft I l^illN'iW Mi I MWiaiiin i. t Lwf >.,«■■«. ^ *»^>.^ '. ■^:: ^■^^^. .^ - . -mir I • ' i j J Ci

38 HISTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THE

New Lieutenant-Colonel Brooke, of the 4th regiment, behind

some buildings which were near that corps. This move-

^f^ ment was so rapid that the troops suffered no more than
i>cn»»*<*« a single casualty.

*' The 8-pounders being the only guns up, the success
of a few 12-pound rockets, directed by Captain Lane,
was tried against these vessels ; but the ground on which
it was necessary to lay them not being even, they were
foimd not to answer, and their. firing was ceased.

*' A most vigorous attack was . then made on the
advanced front and right flank piquets — ^the former of
the 95th, imder Captain Hallan ; the latter, the 86th,
under Captain Schaw. These officers and their re-
spective piquets conducted themselves with firmness,
and checked the enemy for a considerable time; but
renewing their attack with a large force, and pressing
at these points, Colonel Thornton judged it necessary
to move up the remainder of both corps. The 85th
regiment was commanded by Brevet-Major Gubbins,
whose conduct cannot be too much commended. On
the approach of his regiment to the point of attack, the
enemy, favoured by the darkness of the night, con-
cealed themselves under a high fence which separated
the fields, and calling to the men as friends, under
pretence of being part of our own force, offered to assist
them in getting over, which was no sooner accomplished
than the 85th found itself in the midst of very superior
numbers, who, discovering themselves, called on the
regiment immediately to surrender. The answer was
an instantaneous attack. A more extraordinary conflict
has perhaps never occurred— absolutely hand to hand,
both officers and men. It terminated in the repulse of
the enemy, with the capture of thirty prisoners.

** A similar finesse was attempted with the 95th regi-
ment, which met the same treatment.

.-.i.^.,^ > ^ ^ ^ -■■^■-^^■■-^ -s ^ M 11* ir ■' 1 IT I _ m- _ i I ~ -r- — r —

93rd SUTUEBLAKD HIGflLAKDBB& ' 39

*' The enemy finding his reiterated attacks were re- nsw
pulsed by Colonel Thornton, at half-past ten o'clock. !!;I^
advanced a large column against our centre. Perceiv- ^^
ing his intention, I directed Colonel Stovin to order l>Mpfttoh.
Lieutenant-Colonel Dale, with one hundred and thirty
men of the 98rd regiment, who had just reached the
camp, to move forward and use the bayonet, holding
the 4th regiment in hand, formed in line, as my last
reserve. Colonel Dale endeavoured to execute his
orders, but the crafty enemy would not meet him;
seeing the steadiness of his small body, gave it a heavy
fire, and quickly retired. Colonel Brooke, with four
companies of the 21st regiment, fortunately appeared .
at that moment on our right flank, and sufficiently
secured it from further attack.

*' The enemy now determined on making a last
effort, and, collecting the whole of his force, formed an
extensive line, and moved directly against the light
brigade. At first this line drove in all the advanced
posts, but Colonel Thornton, whose noble exertions had - .
guaranteed all former success, was at hand. He rallied
his brave comrades round him, and moving forward
with a firm determination of charging, appalled the
enemy, who, from the lesson he had received on the
same ground in the early part of the evening, thought
it prudent to retire, and did not again dare to advance.

'^ It was now twelve o'clock, and the firing ceased on
both sides. From the best information I can obtain, the
enemy's force amounted to five thousand men, and was
commanded by Major-General Jackson. Judging from the
number left on the field, his loss must have been* severe.
I now beg leave to inclose a list of our casualties on that
night, and have only to hope it will appear to you that
every officer and soldier on shore did his duty," etc.

„ . »». ■ .-. .^ ■^^^■•■■---A 1 ^.-r ■».^^^- '- rr i'-1 ii - | '*rW-**"Tft- M ^ -^-- tnv>-i«i^rty^ - j n a jn a , !

i» ■

HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB

O hleaw , Despatch from Major-General Lambert to Earl

1815. • Bathurst:—

Despatoh. «. c^nip in front of the enemy's Une<, below New Orleani;

Jannary lOih, 1815.

"Mt Lobd,

'' It becomes my duty to lay before your lord-
ship the proceedings of the force lately employed on the
coast of Louisiana, under the command of Major-General
the Honourable Sir E. M. Pakenham, E.B., and acting
in concert mth Yice-Admiral the Honourable Sir A.
Cochrane, K.i.

"The report which I inclose from Major-General
Eeane will put your lordship in possession of the occur-
rences which took place until the arrival of Major-
General the Honourable Sir E. Pakenham to assume
the command. From that period I send an extract of
the journal of Major Forrest, assistant-quarter-master-,
general, up to the time of the joining of the troops
(which sailed on the 26th of October last under my
command), and which was on the 6th of January; and
from that period I shall detail, as well as I am able, the
subsequent events.

*' I found the army in position in a flat country, with
the Mississippi on its left and a thick extensive wood on
its right, and open to its front, from which the enemy's
line was quite distinguishable.

''It seems Sir E. Pakenham had waited for the
arrival of the Fusiliers and 48rd regiment, in order to
make a general attack upon the enemy's line ; and on
the 8th the army was formed for that object.

** In order to give your lordship as clear a view as
I can, I shall state the position of the enemy. On the
left bank of the river it was simply a straight line of
about a front of 1000 yards, with a parapet, the right

■ >!■ ■ ^i*NiV^»^ ri I »ft»w I' <nin<WfciW«l»w<ll^»irt ■ ■! t^iaiifH^iB ilm*Mtmmi^il^mmtm»*»^»'*m-mikt»iH\^m umum\ ^^ft^Unat f r— i ■ iM*>^^ *■» ■*■ i

93bd suthebland highlandebs. 41

resting on the river and the left on a wood, which had Nsw

been made impracticable for any body of troops to pass.

This line was strengthened by flank works, and had a |f^
canal of about four feet deep generally, but not alto- DeBpatoh.
gether of an eqoal width-r-it was supposed to narrow
towards their left. About eight heavy guns were" in
position on this line. The Mississippi is about eight
hundred yards across ; and they had on the right bank
a heavy battery of twelve guns, which enfiladed the
whole front of the position on the left bank.

*' Preparations were made on our side, by very con-
siderable labour, to clear out and widen ^ canal that
communicated with a stream by which the boats had
passed up to the place of disembarkation to open it into
the Mississippi, by which means troops could be got over •
to the right bank, and the co-operation of armed boats
could be secured.

*' The disposition for the attack was as follows : — a
corps, consisting of the 85th Light Infantry, two hundred
seamen, and four hundred marines, the 5th West India
Begiment, and four pieces of artillery, under the command
of Colonel Thornton of the 85th, was to pass over during
the night, and move along the right bank towards New
Orleans, clearing its front until it reached the flanking
battery of the enemy on that side, which it had orders to
carry.

'' The assailing of the enemy's line in front of us, was
to be made by the brigade composed of the 4th, 21st,
and 44th regiments, with three companies of the 96th
under Major-General Gibbs, and by the 8rd brigade,
consisting of the 98rd, two companies of the 96th, and
two companies of the Fusiliers, and 48rd, under Major*
General Keane ; some black troops were destined to
skirmish in the wood on the right ; the principal attack
was to be made by Major-General Gibbs ; the 1st brigadci

42 HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB

Kxw consisting of the Fodiliers and 48rd, formed the reserve ;
_^^ the attacking columns were to be provided with fascines,
^^ scaling ladders, and rafts ; the whole to be at their
De^MOch. stations before daylight. An advanced battery in our
front, pf six 18-pounders, was thrown up during the
night, about eight hundred yards from the enemy's Une.
The attack was to be made at the earliest hour. Un-
looked for difficulties, increased by the falling of the
river, occasioned considerable delay in the entrance of
the armed boats and those destined to land Colonel
Thornton's corps, by which four or five hours were lost,
and it was not until past five in the morning, that
the Isl division, consisting of five hundred men, were
over. The ensemble of the general movement was lost,
and in a point which was of the last importance to
the attack on the left bank of the river, although Ck>lonel
Thornton, as your lordship will see in his report, which
I enclose, ably executed in every particular his instruc-
tions, and fully justified the confidence the Commander
of the Forces placed in his abilities. The delay attending
that corps occasioned some on the left bank, and the
attack did not take place until the columns were dis-
cernible from the enemy's lines at more than two
hundred yards distance ; as they advanced, a continued
and most galling fire was opened from every part of
their line, and from the battery on the right bank.

'* The brave Commander of the Forces, who never
in his life could refrain from being at the post of honour,
and sharing the dangers to which the troops were ex-
posed, as soon as from his station he had made the
signal for the troops to advance, galloped on to the front
to animate them by his presence, and he was seen, with
his hat off, encouraging them on the crest of the glacis * ;

* This sUtemcnt was made In error, General Pakenham fell before
reaching the glacis. Vide " James's Military Occorrenoes."

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDER& 43

it was there (alinost at the same time) he received two Nsw

wounds, one in his knee, and another, which was almost .'

instantly fatal, in his body ; he fell in the arms of Major ^^
McDougall, his aide-de-camp. The effect of this in the Despatch.
sight of the troops, together with Major-General Gibbs
and Major-General Eeane being both borne off wonnded
at the same time, with many other commanding officers,
and farther, the preparations to aid in crossing the ditch
not being so forward as they ought to have been, from,
perhaps, the men beinjg wounded who were carrying
them, caused a wavering in the column, which in such
a situation became irreparable ; and as I advanced with
the reserve, at about two hundred and fifty yards from
the line, I had the mortification to observe the whole
falling back upon me in the greatest confusion.

** In this situation, finding that no impression had
been made, that though many men had reached the
ditch, and were either drowned or obliged to surrender,
and that it was impossible to restore order in the regi-
ments where they were, I placed the reserve in position,
until I could obtain such information as to determine me
how to act to the best of my judgment, and whether or
not I should resume the attack, and if so, I felt it could
be done only by the reserve. The confidence I have in
the corps composing it would have encouraged me
greatly, though not without loss, which might have made
the attempt of serious consequence, as I know it was the
opinion of the late distinguished commander of the forces,
that . the carrying of the first line would not be the least
arduous service. After making the best refections I
was capable of, I kept the ground the troops then held,
and went to meet Vice- Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane,
and to tell him, that under all the circumstances I did
not think it prudent to renew the attack that day. At
about ten o'clock I learnt of the success of Colonel

44 HISTORICAL BEGORDS OF TUB

Kbw Thornton's corps on the right bank. I sent the com-

"* manding officer of the artillery, Colonel Dickson, to

^^^ examine the situation of the battery, and to report if
Despatch, it was tenable ; but informing me that he did not think
it could be held with security by a smaller corps than
two thousand men, I consequently ordered Lieutenant-
Colonel Gubbins, on whom the command had devolved
(Colonel Thornton being wounded), to retire.

'' The army remained in position until night, in
order to gain time to destroy the 18-pounder battery we
had constructed the preceding night in advance. I then
gave orders for the troops resuming the ground they
occupied previous to the attack.

'* Our loss has been very severe, but I trust it will
not be considered, notwithstanding the failure, that
this army has suffered the military character to be
tarnished. I am satisfied, had I thought it right to
renew the attack, that the troops would have advanced
with cheerfulness. The services of both army and navy,
since their landing on this coast, have been arduous
beyond anything I have ever witnessed, and difficulties
have been got over with an assiduity and perseverance
beyond all example by all ranks, and the most hearty co-
oi>eration has existed between the two services.

'' It is not necessary for me to expatiate to you upon
the loss the army has sustained in Major-General the
Honourable Sir E. Pakenham, Commander-in-Chief of
this force, nor could I in adequate terms. His services
and merits are so well known that I have only, in
common with the whole army, to express my sincere
regret, and which may be supposed at this moment to
come particularly home to me.

'' Major-General Gibbs, who died of his wounds the
following day, and Major-General Keane, who were both
carried off the field within twenty yards of the glacis, at^

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDERa 45

the head of their brigades, sufficiently speak at such a Nsw

moment how they were conducting themselves. I am

happy to say Major-Oeneral Keane is doing well. ^^

*' Captain Wylly, of the Fusiliers, military secretary De^wtoh.
to the late Commander of the Forces, will have the
honour of delivering to your lordship these despatches.
Knowing how much he enjoyed his esteem, and was in
his confidence from a long experience of his talents, I
feel I cannot do less than pay this tribute to what I con-
ceive would be the wishes of his late general, and to re-
commend him strongly to your lordship's protection.

** I have, etc.,
{Signed^ ''John Laubebt,

Major-General Commanding.'*

Extract. *' Return of casualties in action with the
enemy near New Orleans, on the 28rd and 24th of
December, 1814.

'' 98rd Foot. 1 rank and file wounded.'*

Between the 25th and 81st of December, 1814.

'' 98rd Foot. 2 rank and file killed, 6 rank and file
wounded.'*

Between the Ist and 5th of January, 1815. 1815.

'' 98rd Foot. 1 sergeant, 8 rank and file, killed ; 1
lieutenant, 10 rank and file, wounded."

Naxb of Ofpiceb.
Lieutenant Andrew Phaup^ severely (since dead).

Extract. ^' Betum of casualties on the. 8th of January,
1815.

'^93rd Foot. 1 lieutenant-colonel, 2 captains, 2
sergeants, 58 rank and file, killed ; 4 captains, 6 lieu-
tenants, 17 sergeants, 8 drummers, 848 rank and file,
wounded; 8 lieutenants, 2 sergeants, 1 dnunmer, 99
rank and file, missings"

w 1>ll>

ittHaMkM«iv^

•*"• " f iTr I 111 I la

*^«i n ' » ^% ,

HISTOKICAL BEC0BD8 OF TIIX

Niw

OSLEAVt.

KiLLXD.

Lieutenant-Colonel Bobert Dale .

1815.

Captain Thomaa Hicbens
M Aleiauder Muirbead.

WOUSDED.

GapUin

Kicbard Ryan
P. (fK. Boulger
Alexander McKenzie

Severely.

•

,, Henry EUU . . •
Lieutenant H. H. McLean

SligbUy.

R. Spark .

David If ePbereon •

f»

Volunteer

Cbarles Gordon
Jobn Hay
John Wilton

M188IKO.

Severely.
SligbUy.

•

Lieutenant

, George Munro
Jobn McDonald

Severely wounded.

n n

•

Volunteer

Benjamin Graves •
B. Jobnston.

n n

Lieutenants Munro, McDonald, and Graves were taken prisoners,
and the first-named died of bis wounds on tbe 16tb.

Beturn of non-commissioned officers, dmmmers, fifers, and
priTates of the 1st battalion 98rd regiment of foot who died,
etc., during- the month frotn 25th of December, 1814, to
24ih of January, 1815.*

BMk.

KtM.

PbceofMrth.

Trade

HowbCCAIM
nOO-CfliKtlTC.

Place wbert tod &tj
on wbkh beeuue

IIOII-€ffMUTt.

Private

David Polaon

Lotb,

Laboorer

Killed in

Before New Or.

Sntberlaad

action

leanSy

8 Jan., 1815.

9»

Bobert Ounn

Kildonan,
Sntberlaad

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Bobert Grant

Doniocb,
Sntberlaad

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Alexander
Haodonald

Bogart,
Sntberlaad

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

WOliam Ha4S.

Aird,

Sboe-

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

donald

Inverness

maker

t»

Hugb Mackay,
2nd

Fturr,
Sutberland

Laboorer

Ditto

Ditto, ditto.

^ From tbe original at tbe Public Bccord Office.

lai w J ■ III

-■ln»iai— I I >i i,'.em»/»:S^

■ **Xii* .a«» KW «f m^ t mt m^aJUkimgrm^it^kt^t^tttt^

ti '■>l»«»i

93bd suthebland hiohlanders.

Rank .

Prirate

»»

Corpl.
Private

»>

)>
t>

Corpl.
PriTaie

i»

>•

»»

Corpl.
Private

»>

Nana.

William Mac.
leod, 2nd

WiUiam Mac-

leod, Srd
William Mjles

Alexander Bom

Peter Bother-
land
John TawM

John DoiTie
Thomaa Macin-

toah .
Alexander

Horriaon
Jamei Bennet

AngnsBoM

John Forrester

William Bom
Samnel Mathe-

son
John BoM

John Suther-
land

Donald Suther-
land

William Boat,
1st

BohertMackaj,
1st

Donald, Kac*
donald

William Sother-
land» 1st

DaTid Sother.
•land

John Suther-
land
Peter Gordon

John Hadesal

Bobert Fraiser

PUoeofbiitb.

Parr,
Sutherland

Ditto

Honjmeal,

Fife
Kincardine,

Bogart,

Sutherland
Telon,

Angus
Abondu, Fife
Stratheam,

InyemoM
Inyemess,

luTemeM
Clackmannan,

Fife
Bogart,

Sutherland
Kilreanj,

Fife
Tain, Bom
Kildonan,

Sutherland
Kincardine,

Bom
Cljne,

Sutherland
Ditto

Tain, Bom

Cljne,

Sutherland
** luTernMS,

InTemeM "
Cljne,

Sutherland

Latheron,
CaithnoM

Latheron,
CaithneM

OlasTein,
Sutherland

Farr,

Sutherland
Edinburgh

Tailor

Ditto

WeaTor

Labourer

Ditto

Weaver

Labourer
Ditto

Ditto

Flax-

Labourer
Ditto

Ditto

Labourer

Ditto

Ditto
Ditto
Ditto
Ditto

'Row ^*««^ mt ^^^^ ^!>^ *^ ^

aoo-cffecUTC.

Killed in
action

Ditto

•

Ditto
Ditto

Ditto

Ditto
Ditto

Ditto

Died of

wounds
Ditto

Killed in
action

Ditto

OD which

Before New Or.

leans,

8 Jan., 1816
Ditto, ditto

Dittos ditto

Ditto, ditto

Dittos ditto

Ditto, ditto
Dittos ditto

Ditto^ ditto

Ditto» ditto

Ditto, ditto

Ditto, ditto
Dittos ditto

Ditto, ditto

Ditto

8 Jan., 1815
In New Orleans,

8 Jan., 18U
On board H.K.

shipfisOf

16 Jan., 181S
Before Kew Or-
leans,

8 Jan^ 181S
Ditto

8 Jan., 1815
Ditto

8 Jan^ 1815

Mljffi.

liM

""■** •■*' ■••-'■ - -fcrfii ,MI

««"^ •'*»*>j«.«s*. a . i«

•»ll»^- .▼ ^.

HISTOBIGAL RECOBDS OV THB

Suik.

Haac.

PUoeofblrtk.

Tnds.

HavtecuM
Doo-elliBetiTC.

Plaot where and day
on wbich bee«BM
oon-eflecilw.

PriTSte

WilliamSutlier.

Domocli,

Labourer

Killed in

Before New Or-

Und

Sutherland

action

leans,

8 Jan., 1815

Winiun

Fkrr,

Ditto

Ditta

Ditto

Markay, IM

Snthezlaiid

8 Jan., 1815

Angoa Mackaj,

Farr,

Ditto

3id

Sotherland

8 Jan., 1816

Robert Ifackay,

Farr»

Ditto

iBi

Satheriaad

8 Jan., 1815

Donald

Golspie,

Ditto

Died of

Onboard,

Hackemia

Sutherland

wounda

19 Jan., 1815

Andrew Long-

Deekford,

Ditto

In New Means,

Aberdeen

8 Jan., 1815

Bergi.

Alexander Hen-
liea

Perth

Ditto

Dead

Onboard,
25 Jan., 1815

FHTate

John Kaclcay

Fur,

Ditto

Dead of

In New Orleans,

Sutherland

wounds

8 Jan., 1815

»9

Donald Ifac-

Farr,

Ditto

Kflledin

Before New Or*

doDald,2Dd

Sutherland

actioo

leans,

8 Jan., 1815

Anfciu

Lah^,

Ditto

Dead from

In New Orleans,

Katheeon

Sutherland

wonnds

8 Jan., 1815

t»

Donald Mac-

Bogart,

Ditto

Killed in

Before New Or.

donaldylst

Suther^md

action

leans,

8 Jan., 1815

>»

William Gordon

Golspie,
Sutherland

Carpenter

Ditto

Ditto
8 Jan., 1815

Angoa Hackaj,
lit

Golspie,
Sutherland

Labourer

Ditta

Dittos ditto

Alexander
Sntherlaad,
Sad '

Gljne,
Sutheriaad

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

CorpL

James Fraser

Kildonan,
Sutherland

Ditto

Ditto» ditto

PriTaie

Donald Qmliam

Bogarty

Shoe-

Died from

On board,

Sutherland

maker

wounds

24 Jan., 1816

Bobert

Loth,

Ditto

Dead

In a boat on

HcFherMn

Sutherland

the Lake Lao*

Borgne,

24 Jan., 1816

Alexander

Hogart,

Labourer

Died from

Onboard,

Ifaekaj, 2nd

Sutherland

wounds

14 Jan., 1816

FriTftte

Alexander

Loth, Suther-

Shoe.

Died from

24 Jaa^ 1815

Maokay.ltt

land

maker

wounds

George Miller

Arderodie, In-

Labourer

Killed in

Before New Or.

Temeee

action

leans,

8 Jan., 1815

f»

JohnFrater

Criech,
Sutherland

Tkikv

Ditto

Ditto
8 Jan., 1816

Jamea Hnrraj

Bogart,

Hair.

Died from

Onboard,

Sutherland

dresser

wounds

16 Jan., 1816

»»

Donald Sntber-

Latheron,

Labourer

Ditto

In New Orleans,

land

CaithneM

8 Jan., 1815

Andrew Mnnraj

Bogart,
Sutherland

Ditto

Ditto
8 Jan., 1815

— r V ^ ' •_f*j!L * ~ V- "i . '_~^ '

-Tj^i aa

•- -»- ^* - ^

■rfi^

93BD STTTHEBLAKD HIGHLANDEBS.

lUnk.

Hum.

PUoeofbliik.

TtmU,

Howbeetmt
non-cflKllyt.

PiMt wbert md 4aj
oa whidi IMCMM
noo-dbcavt.

Priyate

Donald Hnnmy

Rogazt,

Labourer

Kniedin

Before New Or*

Sutherland

action

loans,

8 Jan^ 1816

John ICaoenl-
loch

Dumeee,
Sutherland

Ditto

Ditto^ ditto

Peter ICao-
donald

Rogart,
Sutherland

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Hugh Mao-

Bogarty

Ditto

Dittos ditto

donald

Sutherland

•

James Miimj

Loth,

TaHor

Dead from

In New Orleans*

Sutherland

wounds

8 Jan., 1816

Jamei Leppar

Main,
Aberdeen

Labourer

Ditto

Dittoy ditto

Aletaader

Kilteam,

Ditto

Onboard,

Fraaer

Bom

19 Jan., 1816

Bergi.

John Gnna

Kirkaldj.Fife

Wearer

Ditto

In New Orleans*
8 Jan., 1816

>»

John Skene

AlTa, Banff

Carpenter

Killed In
action

Before New Or-
leans,
8 Jan., 1816

Priyate

Neil Macbeath

Kildonan,
Sutherland

Labourer

Ditto

Ditto, Ditto

•

f»

Donald

Ditto

Died from

In New Orleans*

Mackaj, let

wounds

8 Jan., 1816

Adam MoPher-

Ditto

Ditto* ditto

»>

■on
Alexander Mao-
beaih

Ditto

Tailor -

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

George Oraham

Boekeen,Boei

Labourer

Ditto

Dittos ditto

Alexander
Rjonll

Alford,
Aberdeen

Ditto

Dittos ditto

f»

William

Golspie,

Ditto

Dittos ditto

Sutherland

John Snther-

Bogart»

Ditto

KiUedin

Before New Or^

land

Sutherland

action

Ifians,

8 Jan., 1816

Gorpl.

Adam Suther-

ClTue,

Ditto

Dittos ditto

land

Sutherland

•

Priyate

Andrew Orajg

Dundee,
Angus

Shoe-
maker

Ditto

Dittos ditto

William White

Montrose,

Baker

Died from

In New Oriean%

Fbrfar

8 Jan., 1816

John Stnari

Barronaj,

Weaver

Ditto

Dittos ditto

Lanaric

»»

William FraMT

Kilteam,
Boss

Labourer

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Arthur Kelly

Benfrew

Weaver

Kflledin
action

Before New Orw
IttanSi
8 Jan., 1816

Jamei Sinclair

Wiok,

Letter.

Dead from

In New Orieana,

Caithness

founder

wounds

8 Jan., 1816

»9

John Hnrraj

Watten,
Oaithness

Labourer

Dead from
wounds

Dittos ditto

Jamoi Gerrj

Halkirk,
CaithneM

Ditto

Dittos ditto

■ - irfflMI<ifi<

*■»■■■ Ml rf&a»'

Mf\Wrt')itmi n f^

■ liifc ■^iMiHfiii,«-..^ii.to..,— ..^<

'"•J"**..

« - <•■< at b. I ■ ■

HISTOBICAL BEC0BD8 OF THB.

Saok.

HancL

PUctofMilk.

TndA.

HowbeouM
noo-cffecttTt.

PlMt when tad day
on which bacuDt
noD-effecUvt.

PriTAto

Thonuw Hao-

Urqnbart,

Haeon

Dead from

In New Orleana,

kensia

Boat

wounda

8 Jan., 1816

Alexander

Lairg,

Labourer

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Hnnro Sotherlaad |

•t

DaTid

Kingbom,

Flax

Ditto

Dittos ditto

CammiDga

Fife

dresaer

. »»

Donald

Fair,

Labourer

Ditto

Dittos ditto

Hackaj, Snd
Thomaa lionro

Sutherland

»ff

Crieoh, Ditto

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Sutherland

•

GeoKge

Halkirk,

Ditto

Dittos ditto

Williamaon

Caithneea

t»

Walter Murray

Bogart,

Sutherland
Kildonan,

Ditto

Dittos ditto

CorpL

Dvnoan

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Matheson

Sutherland

John
Bntlierland

Clyne,
Sutherland

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Sergt

Alexander
Clark

Latheron,
Caithneaa

Wearer

Ditto

Dittos ditto

Dnnr.

Dunoan
Hackeiuda

Lochbroom,
Boea

Labourer

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Privmie

AdamGlaaa

Farr,

Ditto

Dittos ditto

Sutherland

Alexander

Clyne, Ditto

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Grahain

Sutherland

»«

William Donald

Aberdeen

Shoe-
maker
Labourer

Ditto

Dittos ditto

William

Farr,

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Hackay

Sutherland

Donald Fraier

Dumesi,
Sutherland

Weaver

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Donald Fraier

Assynt,
Sutherland

Labourer

Died from

Ditto, ditto

9ff

William

Farr,

Ditto

Dead

On board H.H.&

Hackay, 4ili

Sutherland

BelU PovUt
24 Deo., 1814

John Campbell

Nairn,

Ditto

Killed in

Near New Or-

Nairn

action

leans, 28 Deo.

»f

Jamea Smith

Petty,
luTemeM

Ditto

Ditto, ditto

Sargt

Donald
Haodonald

Golspie,
Sutherland

Ditto

Ditto,! Jan., 1816

FriT»U

Hector Maokay

Clyne,

Sutherland
Canisby,

Ditto

Ditto^ ditto

Simon Lyall

Weayer

Ditto

Ditto, 2 Jan.

Caithneaa

Bobert Petty

Monymeal,
Fife

Labourer

Dead from
wounda

Dittos 8 Jan.

CorpL

Alexander

Bogart,

Ditto

Killed in

Ditto, 1 Jan.

Gordon

Sutherland

action

PriTato

John Macintoah

Criech,
Sutherland

Weaver

Ditto

Dittos 1 Jan.

Andrew
Chisholm

Domooh,
Sutherland

Labourer

Ditto

Dittos 2 JAk.

' "- '*' " "J ' ■T " . -T-l * - ' .. ' * ■ * * " ^T^*?**^TT*f— "^TT^

93rd SUTHEBLAKD mOHLANDEBa.

Bttdc

HaiM.

PUMofUrth.

Tindti

HowbecMD*
non-cllMav*.

•

PUn when tad daj
ott which braoM
noD-cffcctlva

Privrnto

Danoaa

LnsSfBenfrew

Weaver

Killed in

Near New Or.

Campbell

action

leans,

1 Jan., 1816

Murdoch
Morriwn

Assjnt,
Sutherland

Labourer

Ditto

Dittos 1 Jan.

Andrew
Boberteoa

Cupar, Fife

Wearer

Ditto •

Dittos 1 Jan.

Sergt.

William Oum

Golspie,
Sutherland

Tailor .

Ditto

Dittos 8 Jan.

•

Private

William
Dempiier

Montrose

Gardener

Ditto

Dittoes Jan.

»»

Hugh

Farr,

Labourer

Ditto

Dittoes Jan.

Hackaj, 8rd

Sutherland

f»

John Gaimi

Dimdee,

Baker Died from

26 Jan., on board

Angus

wounds

hospital ship

>»

John Suther-

Golspie,

Labourer

Ditto

28 Jan., on board

land, lei

Sutherland

H.M.8. Bedford

f»

John Young

Latheron,
Caithness

Ditto

1 Feb., on board
hospital ship

»•

JohnMaolaren

Kinmore,
luTemess

Ditto

2 Feb., on board
hospital ship

»>

Christopher

Winterbum,

Hatter

Ditto

8 Feb., on board

Denning

Gloucester

hospital ship
12 Feb., on board

CorpL

John

Clyne,

Labourer

Ditto

Sutherland

hospital ship

Privata

Alexander

Hants,

Ditto

8 Feb., on board

Johnstone

Hampshire

hospital ship
2i Feb., on board

f»

James

Bogart,

Ditto

Campbell

Sntherhind

H.1LS. Bedford

William

Farr,

Ditto

11 Feb., on board

Maokay

Sutherland

hospital ship

James

Dumfermline,

Weayer

Ditto

22 Jan., on board

Robertson

Fife

hospttal ship

CorpL

William
Maoleod

Assynt,
Sutherland

Labourer

Ditto

12 Feb.

PHvaU

Alexander

Farr,

Labourer

Dead firom

On board ship

Macintosh

Sutheriand

wounds

20 Feb.

»f

William

Lairg,

Ditto

Onbd.theJWif,

Mackay

Sutherland

atsea,4 AprO,
1818

••^^^•^•^ ■■ I ml M

52 HISTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THB

IRELAND— 2nd BATTALION DISBANDED— WEST
INDIES— ENGLAND— IRELAND.

The weakened state of the regiment, from its recent
disasters, preventing its employment in the active opera-
tions of the army in Flanders, it was immediately
ordered from Spithead to Cork, where it disembarked
on the 28th of May, and proceeded afterwards to Birr
barracks.
tedBat- The 2nd battalion embarked for England at St.
UmM to John's, Newfoundland, on the 8rd and 4th of October,
Sn^and. i815, on board H.M.'s frigate Galatea, and the Tyne
transport, and disembarked at Sunderland, on the 25th
of October, from the Tyne and Sauthesk transports.
Slid Bfti- The 2nd battalion was disbanded at Sunderland on
^^II^JJ^ the 24th of December, 1815, and the ranks of the
regiment were completed by receiving from it a draft
of 30 sergeants, 28 corporals, 11 drummers, and 803
privates.
1S15-18. Between 1815 and June, 1818, the 93rd moved suc-
cessively from Birr to Athlone, Nenagh, and Limerick,
sending out numerous detachments.
1817. On the 1st of January, 1817, the establishment was
reduced from 55 sergeants, 22 drummers, and 1000 rank
and file, to 45 sergeants, 22 drummers, and 800 rank
and file.

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 63

In Jane, 1818, the regiment proceeded to Dublin to ina.
be stationed.

The establishment was farther reduced, on the 23rd
of October, to 85 sergeants, 22 drummers, and 650 rank
and file.

In May, 1819, left Dublin, and was again detached 1819-ss.
in the southern counties, where the men were frequently
called upon to perform the most delicate and harassing
duties.

On March 7th, 1822, Lieutenant-Colonel Creagh went 1823.
to the 81st, and Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Milling, from
that regiment, was gazetted to the 98rd, but retired a
few months afterwards without having joined. The
Honourable Sir Charles Gordon, Kt., was promoted to
the Lieutenant-Colonelcy on the 2Qth of December.

On the 17th of October, 1828, the regiment was unex- 1888>
pectedly ordered to march on the following morning from
its station at Athlone to Fermoy, for the purpose of
embarking for the West Indies, in consequence, as it was
supposed, of an insurrection of the slaves in Demerara ;
and on the 8rd, 4th, 6th, and 8th of November it
embarked at the Cove of Cork on board four transports,
and proceeded to its destination, without losing a single
man by desertion.

As a proof of the continued good conduct of the men
during the eight years they were stationed in Ireland,
the following copy of a general order, issued on the
occasion of their departure, is recorded.

** General Orders, Adjatant-Genenl'e OfBoe,
«' Dublin, 28th of October, 1828.

•

'* The 93rd regiment being under orders for imme*
diate embarkation on a particular service, Lieutenant-
General Lord Combermere cannot allow the corps to
leave his command, where it has served for a period of

54 HISTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THE

1823. eight yeaxs, affording the greatest satisfaction, without
""^ recording his approbation of their condnot.

" No regiment in the service stands in greater esti-
mation, or has been more conspicuous for its discipline
and soldierlike conduct than the 98rd, and the Lieu-
tenant-General wishes this excellent regiment to be
assured that its removal from this establishment is a
source of great regret to government and himself*
*' By command of the Lieutenant-General.

(Signed) ** J. Gardiner, D.A.G.**

^' Major-General Sir John
Lambert, E.G.B. Cork;

isai. One of the transports, with two companies, sailed

direct for Demerara, where it arrived on the 9th of
January, 1824. The remaining ships proceeded to
Barbadoes, which was reached on the 14th, 17th, and
21st of December, 1823.
i825-2e. Head-quarters having been shortly afterwards joined
by the detachment at Demerara, remained in garrison
at Barbadoes till the month of February, 1826, when
they were removed to Antigua and St. Christopher's,
sending a detachment from the former island to
Montserrat.
^^^ Sir Charles Gordon, having gone on half-pay, was

succeeded in the command of the regiment by Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Duncan McGregor, from the 28rd of
March, 1826.

Colonel McGregor was an officer of strong religious
feelings, and the ^deep iuterest he took in the welfare
of the soldiers is evidenced in the following extract from
a letter to his sister, dated from Antigua, 80th of March,
1828. After saying that he came out with the full
determination to pursue a system of kindness — ** but I
must say that I have had to exercise but a small portion

. 1 .-■■•^ — ^iM. »i. .■.^■*^>««....^.. ■ |-.^-^ :^ . .^ ...^w-A. t.^ — ■^- 1^-1 1 1 1 - -c^ i Tj^ifr '"'*'" "T li-i~irt'niaiuuLiuj__i_

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEBa S5

of self-denial or patience in adopting it, so excellent has
been the condact of my brother officers, and so good
comparatively has been that of the men. No court- ^^^
martial yet '* (he had reached head-quarters in Febmaiy,
1827), *' and our defaulters* list very much diminished.
The cause of default b invariably rum — ^rum — ^rum, and
poor fellows they have strong temptations to it, inde-
pendently of its extreme cheapness. They are induced
to drink from the exhilarating effect it produces on their i8S7-ta.
spirits, depressed by the nature of the climate, and
frequently, too, from the derangement of their stomachs
being temporarily relieyed by rum ; but I do hope that
the fruits of our schools are now beginning to be reaped.
My first, or highest dass, had made such proficiency,
that in order to bring forward a new set, I suspended
their proceedings, and gave out an order on the subject.
I acquainted the regiment that in my earnest desire for
the success of our schools both at head-quarters and at the
out stations, I had two distinct objects in view. First that
I might see fulfilled in the 93rd Highlanders the pious
wish expressed by our late sovereign respecting his people
at large, that they should not only possess Bibles, but
that every man should be able to read his Bible, — and
secondly, to enable young men of steadiness and honest
ambition to qualify themselves for the respectable rank
of non-commissioned officers ; as I was resolved that the
sergeants and corporals of the Sutherland Highlanders
should be more distinguished amongst the other corps
of the army by their superior acquirements, and zealous
and moral habits, than even by the rank which they
held, &c« I sIbo offered a slight indulgence connected
with certain parades to all who attended schooL The
effect wa^ as I expected ; they came the following day to
enrol themselves in such numbers that I hardly knew
how to dispose of them ; forty-one men of the Light

56 HISTORICAL fiECORDS OF THE

Wnr Company alone are now attending, besides those who
^ '^"' ' belonged to the first class whose university education is
1827-2& completed, but the other companies have not sent so

many in proportion "

In another letter dated 14th of June, 1828—" We
underwent our annual inspection about three weeks
ago by the Commander of the Forces, when we came off
with flying colours. I am afraid that on that occasion I
was too proud of my fine fellows; indeed none knows
better ' than her ainsel whan to put her best fit fore-
most.' '•
1890-32. In February, 1830, the regiment was embarked for
DosmncA. Bt. Lucia and Dominica, which stations it continued to
^J^" occupy until January, 1882, when the whole of the
service companies were again collected together at
Barbadoes.

1834« Having spent nearly ten years and a half in the

Windward and Leeward Islands, the 98rd received orders
to return to Europe, in consequence of which, permission
was given to such of the non-commissioned officers and
men as wished to remain in the country, to transfer their
services, upon which occasion 117 were removed to
different regiments in the command, and on the 26th
of March and 8rd of April, 1884, the service com-
panies embarked on board the Orestes andilfarguit of
HunUy transports, arriving at Spithead on the 6th of
May.
1824-34. The following is a return showing the increase and
decrease of the strength during the tour of service in the
West Indies: —

1T0II>C0BIII||^

Strength of the service companies on their arrival in the widien.
West Indies ... ... ... ... ^ 508

Received recruits and drafts from the dep6t ... ... 618

Total 1126

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEBa

Dbcbxasi.

Deathi... ••« •.*

Invalids, discharged^ etc. ...
Transfers to other corps ...

•••

802
828
180

West
IxDna.

182i-84.

Strength of the senrlce companies on th^ landing in

England

•.•

755

871

The 93rd lost (evrer men by deaths daring its resi-
dence in the Windward and Leeward Islands than the
other corps in the command, the average number of
deaths annually in these colonies throughout the service
being found to be about one-twelfth or one-thirteenth,
while in the 93rd, as will be seen by the following state-
ment, it was only one-fifteenth or one-sixteenth.

Yew.

NoiBMr ot
deatha.

Strength of
icrvke compMiieik

1824

478

1825

489

1826

460

1827

437

1828

515

Year.

Number ot
deatha

Slienga
aerrloo oon

1829

482

1830

465

1831

458

1832

425

1833

396

Number of deaths amongst the non-commissioned
officers and men who originally disembarked at Bar-
badoes, with their diminished strength annually :-^

Year.

Number of deaths.

Strength.

Year.

Nnmber of deatha.

Btrcngth

1823

—

508

1829

201

1824

478

1830

164

1825

420

1831

140

1826

354

1832

1827

289

1833

1828

241

Nine out of the sixty-one that remained in 1883
having volunteered their services into other regiments in
the command, only fifty-two non-commissioned officers
and privates returned to England with the regiment who
had gone out with it.

58 HISTOBIGAL BECORDS OF THE

It was originally intended that the battalion should
[^ at once proceed to Scotland, where it had not been quar-
tered since its first formation, but in consequence of the
serious demonstrations that were made by the populace
in London about the period of the regiment's return to
England, it was deemed expedient to draw as many
troops as possible around the capital, and the 98rd was
consequently sent by sea to Bamsgate, where it landed
on the 8th of May, 1884, and marched on the same
day into Canterbury barracks. There it was joined
by the depdt companies from Scotland on the 16th of
May.

On the 29th of July the regiment was inspected by
the General Commanding-in-Chief, on which occasion his
lordship expressed himself in terms of unqualified satis-
faction with its appearance and general economy.

On the 7th of October, 1834, new colours were pre-
sented to the regiment by His Grace the Duke of
Wellington. The following details are extracted from
the United Service Journal: —

** PSESEKTATION OF CoLOUBS TO THE 93bD OR SUTHEBLAKD
HlOHLANDEES BT mS GeACE FiELD MaBSHALL THE

Duke of Wellinotoh.

** In fulfilling the pleasing duty of placing before the
united service a faithful record of an event so interesting
in every point of view, and so important in one respect,
as the recent presentation of colours to the 98rd High-
landers by the Duke of Wellington, we are tempted to
ofier some preliminary comments, which we trust may
be considered in keeping with the occasion. We need
scarcely observe that the address of the Duke to that
well-conducted corps constitutes the principal feature of
a ceremony replete with honourable excitement in its

93rd StTTHERLAND HIGHLANDEBa 59

general character, and the remarks we now offer have Caito^

for their object to impress the rules of conduct conveyed .'.

in that characteristic exhortation upon the practical ^^^
attention of our comrades at large.

" When in compliance with the request of their com-
manding officer the Duke of Wellington conferred upon
those brave Highlanders the high honour of presenting
them with the standards under which they were to serve,
he thought proper, unlike certain other great men of his
country, to say little or nothing of himself, simply observ-
ing that he had passed much of his life in barracks, in
camp, and in the field, and had at all times been desirous
of administering to the wants and comforts of the soldier ;
but even this little piece of personality he only intro-
duced, it would seem, in order to give the due weight of
experience to the judicious and wise advice which he
addressed to the Sutherland Highlanders — advice which
they will long remember and follow^ for they know it is
the advice of a true soldier, the advice of the soldier's
true friend. He told them — and with what grace and
dignity do these plain sentiments come from such a
man ! — that without steadiness of conduct and high dis-
cipline, the individual valour even of the gallant High-
lander cannot prevail; and he explained in his own
unstudied and unpretending language that in the strict
observance of those rules by which the army is governed,
they would find their own advantage and happiness, and
that the true perfection of discipline is where the officers*
interference is never required except as a friend and a
protector of those under his command.

** Such was the advice of the great captain of the age
in committing to the charge and keeping of the 93rd
Highlanders the banner which by his great achievements
he had planted on the highest pinnacle of renown — a
beacon to the freedom of kingdoms, a rallying-point of

I . .

60 HISTORICAL RB00BD8 OF THE

GAsm- oppressed nations against a tyranny founded on reyoln* j

^^' tion and ending in despotism, a banner, under the pro- j

^^^ tecting folds of which the peace of harassed Europe was I

secured, after twenty years of warfare.

'* It is well known how averse the Duke of Wellington
is to anything that savours of display ; but where he sees •

public advantage his own feelings never interfere. The I

98rd had never served under his command, nor had *

many occasions occurred for them to earn distinction
during the war ; and one of those occasions was singu-
larly unfortunate, though if their gallantry could have
availed, it would have been far otherwise, for at New
Orleans nothing could exceed the desperate valour with
which this regiment stood by those colours which the
Duke has replaced. Their light company was cut off, it
is said, almost to a man, and nearly five hundred men
were struck down without producing a symptom of fear
or disorder in the handful who survived their comrades.
Besides these circumstances, the youth of the men now
composing more than three-fourths of this fine regiment
(for their ranks have within these few years been filled
with recruits) made the Duke fully aware of the substan-
tial advantage to the well-being of the regiment, and the
great encouragement to good behaviour in the young
soldiers, which a judicious officer like Colonel MacGregor
anticipated from his consenting to the performance of
one of the most imposing of our military ceremonies.
That Colonel MacGregor, in his emphatic reply, expressed
no more than was felt cordially by every officer and man
under his command, no one who heard him or beheld the
countenances of his Highlanders, could for an instant
doubt; and in congratulating him and the 98rd regiment,
we may be allowed without presumption to foretell, that
for many a long year the recollection of this event will
be cherished by the Sutherland Highlanders, and its

93BD SUTHERLAKD HIGHLAXDERS. 61

effects be perceptible in the preservation of the excellent gamteb-
discipline npon which they received the commendation *^^*
of the Duke of Wellington. 1*I4.

•"Dummovet . . . fpirantia corpon sangaif
Et dum pila valent yalidi torquere laoerd*

'' Tuesday, the 7th of October, appointed for this •
ceremony, was a day conspicuous in our military annals,
part of the British army having crossed the Bidassoa
on the 7th of October, 1818. The morning was lowering,
threatening a change of weather with rain; however,
about noon the clouds disappeared, and ushered in an
afternoon of unusual splendour, which, together with
the novelty of the much talked of spectacle, brought to
the drill ground adjacent to the Infantry Barracks at
Canterbury a crowd of persons of all ranks, perhaps
unexampled in that part of the country. The appointed
hour was two p.m. Accordingly, about half-past one,
the Highlanders took up their ground in their new and
brilliant clothing, in complete costume, their rich ostrich
plumes waving in the wind, their belted plaids gracefully
draping from their shoulders with their ancient garb
the kilt, hose, and purse, giving a warlike appearance
and displaying shapes as symmetrical in form as for-
midable in strength — noble specimens of the physical
prowess of the hardy race reared and nurtured on
Scotia*s heath-covered mountains.

*' At two o*clock they wheeled into line, opened their
ranks into review order, and shortly after received the
illustrious Field-Marshal with a general salute. His
Grace entered the gate opposite the barrack. Although
dressed in the plain Windsor uniform (the favourite
costume, by-the-by, of that father of his people. King
George the Third) and mounted upon a small, young,
nearly full bred chestnut horse, a description of charger

62 HISTOBIOAL RE0OBD8 OF THB

GAxm- peculiar to himself, he approached the centre of the

,' line mth an air which pointed him out to all as the

^^^ great Dnke. Having received the salute, he rode to
the right of the battalion, which remained at open order,
the old colours flying in the centre, while the band in
the rear was playing, * See the conquering hero comes ! *
•At this moment the sight was splendid, and could not
fail to excite emotions of pride and gratification in the
bosom of every Highlander present, and, indeed, of
every soldier and good citizen interested in the glory
of their country.

** His Grace rode slowly down the line, examining
. closely the appearance of the men. He afterwards took
up his position at a considerable distance from the
battalion, immediately in front of the old colours, to
which spot those about to be presented were brought,
uncased, and placed in the hands of the two majors of
the regiment (Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Bozen and
Major Falls). The veteran standards were then cased
and sent to the rear. The Grenadiers, commanded by
Captain Spark, now moved from the right of the line,
together with the two ensigns (Balck and Fitz-James),
the band playing ' The British Grenadiers/ On arriving
in front of the Duke the company halted, opened ranks,
and presented arms, when the new colours were placed
by the majors of the regiment in the hands of the
ensigns. The Grenadiers and colours then marched off
in slow time, the band playing the 'Point of War,*
moving by the left of the line in the same manner as
in trooping the colours at guard mounting. Colonel
MacGregor formed the regiment into three sides of a
square, when the noble Duke advanced nearly to the
centre, the colonel remaining a short space in front of
his men.

** His Grace then addressed the corps at considerable

< I

'J?-

• '

"■. «•*»-*— r~~-r^ ^^- — . . . /

a w I I r i - - "- - I *'*»■ •■ '■' ■ * ■

DRKSS OF THE OFFICERS IN 1834.

This is taken from a water-colonr dniwing by Lieutenant
Halidaj, rcprestMiting •Colonel Miu'grfgor and two other
officers on the oecasion of the presentAtion of coloors at
Canterbury.

— - . . . . • - • • ♦ •• -

^-n n iMrm — ttir'naii-aw'a m— .rii'M if i laViihi mif-yMnfkr>aVif^fca<iiM~S'^* lOTi * ''■""r'-i^i'^ari i ■i'"li"i>i r

93bd sutheblakd highlandbrs. 63

length. The address was in the style of admonition — c
a style at all times interesting from the mouth of the
experienced warrior; bat from the lips of the veteran ^^^
victor of a hmidred fights, who never raised his voice
in the day of battle bat to command to triumph and to
point out to his brave companions the road to unfading
glory. The interest excited was intense, and many of
the sentiments pronounced were worthy of being re-
corded in letters of gold in the annals of the British
army."

The following is an accurate and authentic transcript
of his Grace's memorable address :-^

*' Lieutenant-Colonel MacGregor, and you gentlemen,
the ofiScers, and you the non-commissioned officers and
. private soldiers of the 98rd Highland Begiment.

" It is with the greatest satisfaction that I have, in
compliance with the invitation of your commanding
officer, attended here this day to present to you your
colours.

''I have frequently, on my passage through this
town, observed the soldierlike appearance and orderly
conduct of individuals of your regiment, and I was
anxious to see them under arms.

*' I had likewise heard of the gallant conduct of the
9Srd Highlanders in two distant quarters of the world
during the late war, and of their admirable and ex-
emplary good order during the period that they formed
the garrison of the Cape of Good Hope; and I was
desirous of seeing a regiment of which I had received
such favourable reports.

" The standards which I have presented to you are
formed of the colours of the three nations composing
the United Kingdom. They are embroidered with the
initials of our most gracious sovereign.

64 HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THE

BUBT.

** Yon must consider them as yonr head-qnarters, as
yonr rallying point in all circumstances of danger and
1831. difficulty, and you must defend and protect them with
all the gallantry and energy of Highlanders, as your
predecessors and prohahly some of yourselves fought
for the rights of your country in the late wars, and as
you would fight for the protection of the same rights,
and of the dominions and institutions of your country,
and for the safety of the life of the king.

** But I cannot call upon you to protect your colours
and to fight for your king and your country without
suggesting a few reflections upon that subject.

** It is not by your native gallantry, it is not by the
exertion of the bodily strength of each of you alone —
Highlanders as you are — ^that bodies such as you are
can contend effectually for any object such as I have
described. There are many among you who know as
well as I do that bodies of men so numerous as you are
must get into confusion unless regulated by discipline,
unless accustomed to subordination, and obedient to
command. I am afraid that panic is the usual attendant
upon such confusion.

** It is, then, by the enforcement of the rules of dis-
cipline, subordination, and good order that such bodies
as yours can render efficient service to their king and
country, and can be otherwise than a terror to their
friends, contemptible to their enemies, and a burthen
to the State.

"The rules of discipline, subordination, and good
order teach the officers their duties towards the soldiers,
and how to render them efficient, and to preserve them
in a state of efficiency to serve the State. They teach
the soldiers to respect their superiors, the non-com-
missioned officers and the officers, and to consider them
as their best friends and protectors.

1884.

93bD SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDEBS. 65

' ** The enforcement of these rules will enable the
o£5cers to conduct with kindness towards the soldier
those daties with which he is charged, and to preserve
him in a state of health and strength, and in a state of
efficiency as regards his arms, ammunition, clothing,
and equipments, to perform the service required from
him without undue severity or unnecessary restraint or
interference with his habits.

'' It will enable the soldier to enjoy in comfort and
happiness the moments of leisure and relaxation from
duty which the nature of the service may afford him.

*' I am convinced that there are many of you who
feel the truth of what I have said to you.

'' There may be some whose youth, indiscretion, or
bad habits may lead into irregularities. These must be
restrained; discipline, subordination, and good order
must be established among all. The very nature of
such an institution as yours requires it.

" I entreat you not to forget this day, and to bear in
mind the few words that I have addressed to you.

** I have passed the best years of my life in the bar-
racks and the camps of the troops. The necessities of
the service and my duty have compelled me to study the
dispositions and the wants of the soldiers, and to provide
for them. And again I repeat to you, enforce the obser-
vance of the rules of discipline, subordination, and good
order, if you mean to be efficient, to render service to
the public, to be respectable in the eyes of the military
world as a military body, to be respected by the commu-
nity, to be comfortable and happy among yourselves,
and above all, if you mean to defend to the last your
colours which I have presented to you, the person of your
Sovereign, and the institutions, dominions, and rights of
your country, and to promote its glory — as your prede-
cessors have in the same regiment — by your actions."

* ■^-**'^'*-''^^ — ^fctA.>*«*^--:>.^..-^..a.*-«ai.jt.^L-ir . . .r -.- .■■> ■■■. ^, . nf M-iggit-r-ii^ n i ninr ii fc iii r^ iii i nn i i iBw ^n ^ ii^iUM i - ii ^ni

66 mSTOBIOAL BECOBDS OF THV .

OAHm- Lieutenant-Colonel MacGregor replied to the follow-
ing effect : —

1831

" My Lobd Dukb,.

. *^ I feel lamentably inadequate to give utterance
to the feelings and sentiments by which I am animated
at this moment. But I assure you that my heart is full
of gratitude, and I am persuaded that the hearts of all
my brother officers and fellow soldiers of the 93rd High-
landers around me are also filled with gratitude and
pride for the distinguished honour you have this day
conferred upon us, and for the encouraging and admoni-
tory address it has pleased your Grace to deliver
to us.

** Although this regiment never had the happiness of
following your Grace along those fields of glory upon
which so many of their comrades in other corps were
permitted to march, yet I will dare to assert that as
Scotchmen — ^and they are all Scotch — as Highlanders,
we are not ignorant of the sacred obligations imposed
upon us to preserve and defend our standards under all
circumstances, obligations that have necessarily been
increased by the events of this day. I therefore trust,
my Lord Duke, that your favourable expectations of us
will not be disappointed, and that your Grace will never
have reason to regret your present condescension towards
us, and as the only acceptable return we can venture to
offer to your Grace for the solicitude you have expressed
for the 93rd Highlanders, I desire to promise in their
presence and in their name, as well as my own, that we
shall endeavour henceforward to manifest, if possible, an
increased zeal and devotedness in the service of our king,
a profound veneration for the laws and institutions of
pur country, a rigid and a cheerful observance of discip-
line and harmony amongst ourselves, and a peaceable and

.-i-.--"^A Wrr.r '■ ■* " ■ i jr'-'r'^ n ■ T' -*-'"--■ i.^^.^»~«^— — **«^««^~*j^*^~>-»->.«i.-^^— >^^-**i»t^^fc-i**-^— ^*^*ATVfcim ^ i»imin i>^ ■..*»■>■

93&D SUTHERLAND HIQHLAKDEBa 67

protecting demeanour towaxds all classes of our fellow CAvm-
Bubjects. . !^-

*' My Lord Duke, I am extremely unwilling to trespass ^^^
on your Grace's patience, yet I cannot forbear taking the
liberty for a moment to advert to what I am confident
will be the more immediate result of this hour's proceed-
ingSy for before many days shall elapse innumerable
proud announcements will be made by the gallant and
respectable officers and soldiers I have the happiness of
commanding, to their relatives and friends in our native
glens and mountains of the north, that the colours now
borne by the Sutherland Highlanders, those emblems and
pledges of our Sovereign's confidence in our fidelity and
valour, have this day been committed to our trust by the
most cherished and by far the most illustrious of all our
military leaders, whose great name is deeply engraven on
our hearts, and can never cease to be inexpressibly dear
to the affections of every British soldier."

The gallant colonel having thus concluded, the regi«
ment was re-formed into line, broken into open column,
and passed his Grace in slow and quick time, at wheeling
and at quarter distance. At the request of the Duke, the
original line was again taken up, ranks opened, and the
general salute repeated, when his Grace again addressed
Colonel MacGregor, expressing his approbation of the
soldierlike appearance of the men, and their steadiness
under arms. They were then marched from the ground
to the barrack yard, where preparations on an extensive
scale were going on for a scene of a different but not
less interesting nature.

The account then goes on to describe how the officers
had prepared in the mess-room, and a temporary apart-
ment erected from its centre window, a splendid collation
for their illustrious guest and his friends, and how ** on
the opposite side of the barrack yard, tables and covers

I I n^-> iiMinn^rrk iiMirrT-ii'"~f ^"^ -h^imrr 1 1 r r^ n'—iin^HiiMiiVin "vr rVtinr'iv^i^T ■* i — T ii i- '- i jTifimiu i

68 HISTORICAL EECOBDS OF THB

Gahtee- were laid amounting to nearly seven hundred for the non-
^^ commissioned officers and privates, their ^nves and

1834. children, Tvhere they enjoyed an excellent dinner of roast
beef and plum pudding, with an allowance of porter
given to them by the amiable and most benevolent lady
of Colonel MacGregor." The Duke and his party, after
leaving the mess-room, were entertained in the barrack
square with some national airs from the band and bag-
pipes. The soldiers continued to enjoy themselves to a
late hour, dancing, etc.

The Kentish Observer of the 9th of October, 1834, says :
*' Carts, laden with roasted and baked meats, were
entering the barracks from every part of the neighbour-
hood where accommodation could be afforded for cooking
them. The orderly demeanour of the men, the unas-
suming deportment of the women, and the neat and
cleanly appearance of the children, made a powerful im-
pression upon all who witnessed the scene • • • and
ere evening closed in, the soldiers in small parties, in
various portions of the yard, danced the Highland reel
to the inspiring strains of the bagpipe."
Weedov The following morning the route was received to
^^^SinS^' march in three divisions — on the 18th, 14th, and 15th of
VNDBB- October — for Weedon, in Northamptonshire. Here the
regiment remained, with three companies detached to New-
castle-under-Lyme, until the spring of the following year.

1835. On the iSth, 19th, and 27th of May, 1885, the regiment
left Weedon for the northern district of England, having

Blacsp its head-quarters at Blackburn, three companies at
Bolton, two at Bochdale, two at Burnley, and one com-
pany at Nottingham. In the month of September foUow-

LiTEB- ing the head-quarters were removed to Liverpool, the two
companies at Bochdale and the one at Nottingham to
Haydock Lodge, the two companies at Burnley to Wigan,
and the three at Bolton to Chester Castle.

BVEV.

TOOL,

« *

jt tiTtfir- .. I,, i>>,t~p^^^j|ff«^^..^i-.j^^^^^^.»^»i^«>-«.^Ai...^:^-L^^ m^^.. i*> » ■ ■ i>-.*.: '^ ..M-i^iT^^r

93rd suthebland Highlanders. 69

FOOL.

The regiment having been inspected on the 7th of
October, 1885, by Major-General Sir Henry Bouverie,
E.C.B., was immediately afterwards collected at Liver- ^^^
pool, where it embarked on board two steamers on the
27th and 29th of the month, and proceeded to Dublin, Dubldi.
where it formed part of the garrison till October, 1836, isso.
having detached five companies for a fortnight in the
preceding July to different points in the north of Ireland
in aid of the civil power.

Having completed the usual service in Dublin, the
regiment was ordered to march in three divisions, on the
4th, 6th, and 6th of October, 1886, for Newry, detaching Nkwbt.
one company to Downpatrick. In the month of March,
1887, the presence of two companies in aid of the civil 1837.
power was required for six weeks in the county Cavan.

On the 19th and 22nd of May, 1887, the regiment
left Newry for Belfast in consequencia of the following Bslpast.
letter of readiness for foreign service having been
received.

'' As8t.-Qr.-Mr.-Qenenl'B Office,

'* Armagh, 17th of May, 18d7.

'' The officer commanding the 98rd Highlanders will
be pleased to hold that corps in readiness for embarkation

for Gibraltar in the autumn.

•

" By order,
(Signed) '^Hekrt J. Riddbll,

" Col., Asst.-Qr.-Mr..Gen."
*' Officer commanding

" 98rd Highlanders, Newry."

Pursuant to the above order, Major-General Sir
James MacDonell superintended (after the half-yearly
inspection on the 27th of October), the formation of the
service and depot companies, and the left wing of the
regiment, under the command of Major Arthur, embarked

^ . f w^ iii n.r i fli ( irt.'i i tiii I . ■ : .' i i "< i w m iP< m'm ^0 « t^f y»' 9mm' t u. m Mnv it n^ i ' iin KPt '»tn it w iu^ ^t - mt nt m U t U n ift i niwn tj-nm i Vi

70 HISTOBIOAL BECORDS OF THB

1837. on board a steamer on the 26th of Noyember, and the
bead-quarters under Lieutenant-Colonel MacGregor on
Cork, the Ist of December in like manner, for C!ork, prepara-
tory, as was intended, to the departure of the service
companies for Gibraltar*

The depot under Major Spark was ordered to march,
on the 30th of November, to Armagh.
Derttna- The serious insurrection which arose in Canada * in

tion
changed * The following — extracted from the records of the 1st Royals-^
to Canada. ^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^f ^^e state of matters at this time. " Previous to
the arrival of the Royals in Lower Canada, the minds of the inhahitants
of that flourishing colony were a^tated hy factious men, who sought
to dictate to the government measures not deemed conducive to the
welfare of the State. During the summer, the House of Assembly
refused to proceed in its deliberations until the demand for the total
alteration of the legislative powers were complied with ; and this was
followed by the appearance of many of the colonists in arms, and by
open violations of the law. The revolt rapidly extending, the law
officers of the crown and the magistrates of Montreal, applied to Lieu-
tenant-General Sir John Colbome^ K.C.B., the commander of the forces
in Canada, for a military force to assist in apprehending several persons
charged with high treason, who were supposed to be at the villages of
St. Denis and St. Charles; and Colonel Gore was sent with detach-
ments of the 24th, 32nd, and 66th regiments, and one howitzer, with
a magistrate to St Denis ; at the same time Lieutenant-Colonel
AVethcrall, E.H., of the Royals, was directed to move with Captain
David's troop of Montreal cavalry, four companies of the Royals^ a
detachment of the 66th, and two 6-pounders^ from Chambly, on Si.
Cliarles, a village seventeen miles from the ferry at Chambly, to assist
the magistrates in executing the warrants.

** On the 26th of November the detachment resumed its

march, and on arriving within a mile of St. Charles it was fired upon
by the insurgents on. the opposite side of the river, and one man of the
Royal regiment was wounded. Several rifle shots were also fired from
a bam in front, which was burnt by the detachment On arriving at
the vicinity of St Charles, fifteen hundred rebels were found posted in
a close stockaded work which was attacked, and after firing a few
rounds, the troops assaulted and carried the defences by storm, killed
a number of the rebels, took sixteen prisoners, and burnt the buildings.
The Royals had one sergeant and one rank and file killed; eight rank
and file severely, and seven slightly, wounded. Lieutenant-Colonel
Wetherall's horse was shot under him during the action^ (nd Major

•«MJki

ii » * < iii i , a>nt i > aiMii HMi i,i ^ i i Hn^^^fci^i^M— i^trf^i^t^afa

93BD SUTHERLAND. HIGHLANDERS.

the winter of 1837, having indaoed the government to
change the destination of the regiment, Lientenant-
Ciolonel MacGregor received directions to hold it in readi-
ness to proceed to Halifax, Nova Scotia; bat the
lientenant-colonel was informed at the same time, that
government being unwilling to risk troops on the
American coast at such a season, it was not the inten-
tion to remove the regiment from Cork till farther
intelligence should be received from Canada, and that
should the urgency of circumstances then render the
services of the 93rd Highlanders in North America
indispensable, arrangements should be made for sending
them there in ships of war.

Meanwhile the establishment of the regiment was
raised from 659 to 739 rank and file, and the service
companies were ordered to be complieted to six hundred
effective rank and file. The depot was removed from
Armagh to Cork to enable the lieutenant-colonel to make
the necessary arrangements.

1887.

GoBK.

Warde's hone was severely wounded^ and died afterwards. The detach-
ment of the 66th had one man killed and three wounded.'*

• i iirrf-i^^ ii Vt --^ 1 r-^- If *--^—'—~- « — >^'"''- -■'*-'- ■ ■ ■

72 HISTOBIOAL BECORDS OF THR

1838.

CANADA.

Advices having been received in December of the con-
tinued progress of the rebellion in Canada, government
determined no longer to delay the departure of the
regiment, and a communication was accordingly made
to the commanding officer that Her Majesty's ships
Inconstant and Pique were ordered to Cork for their con-
veyance. A few hours after the receipt of this notice,
the Inconstant frigate made her appearance at the Cove
of Cork. Two days afterwards the right wing, consist-
ing of nine officers and 260 men, under Major Arthur,
embarked, and on the 6th of January, 1888, the Incon-
stant sailed for its destination, which it reached on the
29th of the same month.

The Pique frigate having been unexpectedly detained
on the coast of Spain, it was not till the 28rd of January
that her preparations were completed for the reception
of troops, on which day the left wing, comprising
thirteen officers and 822 men, under Lieutenant-Colonel
MacGregor, embarked, and haU-an-hour after their
reception the Pique put to sea.

The officers who accompanied the regiment on
foreign service on this occasion were as follows, viz. —

On board the Jneon$tant

Major John Arthur.
Gaptam Charles Gordon.

„ J. J. Orier.

„ O. E. Ajlmer.
Lieutenant G. R. Pole.

Lieutenant G. H. Dunbar.

„ A. Agnew.
Ensign C. H. Gordon.

„ G. Studdert
Asnstant-Surgeon G. Tajlor.

'■ III- I 'rii I iiiM

fc'mwiirfrfiii

\-\r '■^•"'^ ^"-" "-^^ ^ — ^'^"^ ^

93aD SUTHEBLAND HIGHLANDER&

Lieutenant-Colonel D.MacQregor.
Captain K C. Sm/th.
fP J. M. Grant.
^ H. P. Bouchier.
Lieutenant N. S. Buchanan.
W. P. Treveljan.
J, M. Brown.

»9

On board the

Lieutenant B. M. Banner.
Ensign Hon. W. B. McDonald.

ft A. S. L. Hay.
Paymaster W. U. Wardell.
Adjutant W. Macdonald. -
Quarter-Master W. Mcintosh.
8urgeon J. Campbell^ M.D. •

1838.

A small detachment under Lieutenant Neilson, that
subsequently followed in Her Majesty's ship Vatal,
nearly completed the service companies to their increased
establishment.

The Pique encountered one of the most boisterous
passages across the Atlantic that any individual on
board had ever experienced, and it was not until the
6th of March that she cast anchor in Halifax harbour.

On the following day the companies of the left wing
were disembarked and re-united to those already arrived.

Betum showing the services and ages of the men of the
93rd Highlanders on their arrival in Halifax, Nova
Scotia, in March, 1838 : —

Sebvices.

Reckon fourteen yean' service 5

Reckoning no senrice,

• being

under age

•

One year's service

• •

Reckon one year's i

service

two

three

four

n '

five

six

seven

eight

•9

nine

ten

eleven

twelve

thirteen

^ fifteen „

• „ rixteen „

„ seventeen ,«

„ eighteen „

„ nineteen „

„ twenty „

„ twenty-one „

* • •

Under 7 years . ■

. 380

7 and under 14 years

181

14 „ 21 „ .

. 28

Over 21 yean .

Total 691

HISTORIOAL REOOBDS OF THB

1888.

Sebvicss— {eMifsfitc«0.

Under 5 jean • . 266

Reckon f6ur years .

6 and under 7 years . 126

„ five „

7 n 10 „ . .86

„ six „ .

10 „ 12 „ .76

„ seven „

12 „ 14 „ . .20

„ dght ^ .

Over 14 years ... 80

n n^oe „

Total 691

«• ten M . .

Total who have been in the

PERIOD IH THB WEST IHDIESw

•

West Indies .
Total who have not been in

187

Reckon one year . • 69

the West Indies .

404

„ two „ . • 29
„ three ^ • • 14

ToUl

691

14 years

i»

Ages.

36 years

. 5

» • •

%% •

. 1

» • •

. . 1

n • •

. . 2

If • •

M • •

—

Total 691

^"^^

43
30
33
46
30
14
17
18

Under 18 years

. . 9

18 and under 20 .

. 37

n 26

. 286

^ 80.

. 181

» 36

n 40.

. 13

Upwards of 40

Total 691

Average age of the regiment, 24f years. .
^ service „ 6,|i n

i Grenadiers, 6 ft. 10} in. -
M siM M 6 ft. 8} in. < Battalion Cos., 6 ft. 7} in.

( Light company, 6 ft. 9 in.

A tmnmvimt

»ttmmmi^mts0HMatt»m»^4»mia^ai

----'--^ f^^-^»^w — >i^»^^^-..^^^ ^ ^. ^ — ^^

93rd suthebland highlakdeb& 75

Betum showing the number of men serving under the issa
different warrants regulating the pay and pensions
of soldiers. : —

Pre?ioui to 14th of March^ IBIB, and eaiitled to reckon West

Indian service towards pay and pension • • • r 3
Previous to January, 1823, and entitled to the additional Id. at

the term of seven years .••..•• 20
Previous to Ist of December, 1829, and entitled to reckon West

Indian service towards additional pay 134

Since 1st of December, 1829, and receive additional 2d, at the

expiration of 14 years' regular service . • • . • 171
Since 1st of March, 1833, the date of the warrant prolonging

soldiers* services, etc 185

Since Ist of September, 1836, the date of abolishing additional

pay, unlesss for good conduct ...••• 78 -

Total 691

Counties in which men were horn who arrived in Nova
Scotia with the serrice companies in 1888.

SeivMnU.

OmponuJ

DnuaiDcn.

PriTalMw

Tout

Orkney and Shetland

Caitlmess .

Sutherland .

».

Ross and Cromarty

—

luveruess

Nairn .

•

Elgin or Moray

Banff .

~-~

-»

Aberdeen

—

Kincardine •

—

Forfar . . <

.«

Perth .

Fife

•

— .

Kinross

-»

.•

Clackmannan .

...

—

Edinburgh •

—

Lanark .

— .

...

Argyle

— "

•

"■"

Carried forward

477

632

h»tt>/

MHAHailMMhAail

^^..^---■^—^—..^^^..t^.,^^.... ...»>. .-., ^ ^.:.. y ^>. r i| ]- | '.tVf-»^I-j'^ , -t , 1

i M oi^w iai'u i— W ii ■■><■■ .,

HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

183a

Sergeants.

Dniiii]iMiv>

PriTAtea.

ToUL

Brought forward ...

477

632

Stirling ....

—

]>uinbarto&

—

Renfrew.

—

Ayr ....

—

Haddington .

—

Roxburgh .

—

Dnmfries

—

^^^

—

Wiffton .
Galloway - .

—

Berwick . .

—

English.

IrishT . . .

■""

5
2

7
2

In the regiment

—

— ^

Total

628

691

RETURN OF TRADES, MARCH, 1838.

Armourers .
Bakers
Blacksmiths
Bleachers .
Bonnet makers
Brass-founders .
Carders
Carters

Cabinetmakers •
Carpenters
Carpenters (boat)
Calico printers .
Cotton-spinners
Clerks •
Coopers
Dyers

Engineers •
Flax-dressers .
Churdeners .
Grooms •
Hair-dressers
Hatters .
Hacklers
Joiners .
Masons

1
7
6
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
3
6
6
1
2
8
4
1
1
2
6
2

Miners . . .

Millers

. 1

Musicians

Nailers '. .

• 1

Painters •

Potters

. 1

Ploughmen
Plumbers . .

2
; 1

Plasterers .

Pipers
Printers .

. 2
1

Saddlers

• 1

Singers •
Stocking-weavers
Shirt-makers .

. 1

Shoemakers

. 32

Tanners .

Tailors

. 26

Tinsmiths

Twisters

. 1

Weavers . • • .

Writers .

. 1

WrighU .
WrighU (mill) .
WrighU (cart) .

. 3

Total who have followed any trade
Farm servants, or labourers •

212
379

!«

691

^•''^^'""-'•^'''"^'''^■^^'"^■■■'•■'■'^^^"■^■^•'^■^■''-^^"-^ jir-yrflli LiiT illiffr - ^ •" IT u illLM:t__j_JB__

93rd 8UTHERLAKD HIGHLAKBERS. 77

No. 1 company was detached on the 12th of May, Oavadjl
1888, to Prince Edward's Island, and No. 2 company on {^
the 6th of June, to Cape Breton. No. 8 company, in-
tended as a reinforcement to the detachment at Prince .
Edward's Island, embarked in Her Majesty's ship ilfoda-
gascar on the 2nd of July, and on its passage met Her
Majesty's ship Malabar, and received orders to proceed
to Quebec and thence to Montreal, where it remained a
short time, and was again ordered to proceed to Prince
Edward's Island, where it disembarked on the 4th of
August.

A sudden route having been received, the head-quar-
ters, consisting of the Grenadiers, No. 4, and light com-
pany, under the command of Major Arthur, embarked at
Halifax, on the 16th of October, for Quebec, where they
arrived on the 29th of the same month, and having been
joined by the companies from Prince Edward's Island
and Cape Breton, proceeded by steamer to Montreal,
which they reached on the 81st, disembarked and
marched to La Chine, leaving No. 4 company and the
baggage at Montreal. ' On the 2nd of November orders
were received for the regiment to proceed to the Upper
Province, and on that morning it embarked at La Chine
in a steamer for the Cascades, and the same afternoon
marched from there to Cote&u-du-lac, a most severe
march, owing to the dreadful state of the roads, which
were knee deep in mud. By ten o'clock that evening
they were put on board a steamer there, and arrived
at Cornwall next morning at daylight.

After a march of twelve miles to ** Dickenson's land-
ing," embarked again in a steamer and proceeded;
arrived at Kingston on the morning of the 5th of Novem-
ber, where No. 1 company was landed and occupied
barracks in Fort Henry.

The head-quarters being transhipped to another

■ n ii r. •■

->- • »■. ^ >. ■>>^. . »- ..j ^ - ^^^ ^

<»lJ>«»*...J«J»..fcifc<fe-.g. ■ ■*,- f-M^'^f ^ J^^ff ^g ^ ^ ^ ^■^-_ ^ ^^. ^ ^^ ^^

mSTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THE

Oavaiu. steamer, were conveyed to Toronto, where they arrived
1838. on the 6th, disembarked and occupied quarters in the
''British Coffee House/'

On the following morning (the 7th) an express arrived
from His Excellency the Commander of the Forces (Lieu-
tenant-General Sir J. Colbome *) for the return of the
regiment to Montreal, in the neighbourhood of which the
rebellion had broken out, and accordingly on the morn-
ing of the 8th of November the head-quarters re-embarked
in a steamer and arrived at Kingston next morning, were
rejoined by the company stationed at Fort Henry, and
having received in charge twenty-three civil prisoners
(brigands) for conveyance to the Lower Province, arrived
at Frescott at twelve o'clock the same night, and having
been transhipped to the steamers Kingston and Dolphin,
the former landed the head-quarters at Dickenson's
landing. The latter vessel proceeded down the Ameri-
can rapids, and having landed the prisoners at Cornwall,
continued the voyage to Coteau-du-lac, where it arrived
the same evening, landed the detachment, and returned
to Cornwall to convey the head-quarters to the same
place. On this day (the 11th) the division at Coteau-du-
lac received orders to proceed immediately to Beauhar-
nois (upon which the rebels made an attack), and having
marched all night, arrived at the Cascades, and crossed
over to Beauhamois which it reached before daylight on
the morning of the 12th, disembarked, and occupied a
flour mill.

During the time the regiment was on board the
steamers, the men suffered severe hardships from the
smallness of those vessels, and the very crowded state
they were in, and also from their being obliged to remain
on deck with no covering but their great-coats, and from
the amount of snow usual at this period of the year.

* Afterwards Lord Seaton.

.MMadiMMrfMMMlMtfribtfMMhH

igi^mmi^m»utMmmmaimUti^tAigtJtiAt,MMiM:tii^*KMa0^unigM x> ii :wktmmtiinjmit >ii<ir a^war*

93BD 8UTHEBLAKD HIGHLAKDEBS. 79

In the Tillage of Beauhamois 'was a detaohment of Gavada.
the Tlst Highland Light Infantry, also two battalions of j^
Glengarry MiUtia.

The head-quarters arrived at Beanhamois on the
afternoon of the 12th of Noyember, and as the rebels
did not again make their appearance, the regiment
received orders to retrace its steps on the following
morning, and move with all speed upon Prescott, where
the American sympathizers had landed in force, and
taken up a strong position in a windmilL Accordingly,
recrossed to the Cascades, and arrived at Cornwall in the
course of the following night, and the next day Major
Arthur proceeded with the Grenadier company to Pres- Ai&ir at
cott, where it arrived on the 16th, and was present at ^"^^^^
the attack on the brigands in the windmill and their
capture. There were no casualties in the detachment.
The other companies followed, together with a detach-
ment of the Boyals, under Colonel Wetherall.

The neighbourhood of Prescott having become quiet,
the 9Srd was again ordered to Toronto, where it arrived
on the 28rd of November. Nos. 1 and 2 companies re-
mained at Prescott for a few days, then moved to King-
ston, where No. 4 company (which had been throughout
in the Lower Province, attached to the Tlst Highland
Light Infantry) joined them. ' This detachment joined
head-quarters at Toronto on the 28th of November, and
the baggage, women, and children arrived on the 18th
of December, just before the closing of the navigation.

Lieutenant-Colonel MacGregor became a colonel by CoL Mae*
brevet on the 28th June, 1888, and on the 27th of the tuoceeded
following month went on half-pay. He was succeeded ^i^g^t
by Lieutenant-Colonel Bobert Bpark, who arrived at
Toronto on the 4th December, and assumed command,
having come out to Halifox with a draft.

This draft proceeded overland, via New Brunswick, 1^39.

w ■ > l lM^rtr l T l ^iftfiifMi .irtr. 1 ..^i** ^ .,-,.■.. ,

80 HISTORICAL BEOOBDS OF THE

Canada, and joined head-quarters at Toronto on the 20th of
"^^^ February, 1889.
1840. The regiment remained quartered at Toronto until

May, 1840, when it was ordered to Drummondsyille,

Falls of Niagara.
1S4]. Beturned to Toronto in the month of May, 1841.

1842. The following remarks by his Grace the Commander-
in-Chief resulted from the inspection by Sir Richard
Armstrong, C.B., etc., commanding in Canada West,
which took place on the 19th of August, 1842.

^ Hone Guards « 29ih December, 1842.

■

'' 93rd Regiment

** It is extremely gratifying to the Commander-
in-Chief to find that this fine regiment maintains its
character for comparative sobriety and good order amidst
the dissipation with which it appears to be surrounded,
and that it is as remarkable for its splendid appearance
in the field, and the correctness of its evolutions, as for
the quiet and orderly habits of its men in their quarters,
a result which his Grace observes is equally creditable to
the excellent system established in the regiment, to the
zeal and attention of the commanding officer, and the
admirable qualities of the men of whom it is composed.

(Signed) ''John MacDonald, A.-G.
** A true extract.

(Signed) ** John Eden, D.-A.-Gen.
"A true copy.
{Signed) " Plombr Youno, Acting- A. -A.-Gen."

1843. The regiment was again inspected by Sir Richard
Armstrong on the 6th of March, 1848.

By Horse Guards, order dated 22nd of May, 1848, the
98rd was augmented to 800 rank and file : —

■fcrfii iiT'ar.r<j>

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS 81

Service Companies . • • 640 Gaxada.

Depot • • . • 260

800

1848.

On the 17th of June, 1843, the left wing was ordered Knroerov

AVD

to proceed to Kingston, Canada West, where it remained hov-
until the 9th of May, 1844. It was then moved to ™j^
Montreal to be re-united to the head-quarters, which had
received orders to leave Toronto on the 11th of May»
arriving at Montreal on the 15th of the same month ; the
left wing reached there four days previously.

On the occasion of the regiment leaving Canada
West, the following order was issued by Major-General
8ir Bichard Armstrong.

*' Assistant- AdjutaDt-Qenenl's Office,

" Kingston, 8th May, 1844.

'^ District General Order.

'^ The 98rd Highlanders being under orders to pro-
ceed to Montreal, Major-General Sir Bichard Arm-
strong cannot permit this excellent regiment to pass
from under his command without expressing the satis-
faction their conduct has afforded him from the time he
assumed the command in Canada West.

" The superb appearance of this corps under arms, the
regularity of its instruction and performance of field
movements, the admirable arrangement of its interior
economy, and the general good conduct of the men in
barracks and quarters, are all most essential objects of

discipline ; that they should have been so fully attained
must be a source of proud satisfaction not only to
Lieutenant-Colonel Spark, but to his officers and non-
commissioned officers, and to the men themselves.

*' The Sutherland Highlanders may rest assured the
Major-General holds the corps in high estimation, which

mmmtmhmy>t^m,>tim»ammtittLutmtm\ttrtiKntrmamutita»alitmmiatmmmm^mt^^

82 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

KixGSToir he is persuaded they will equally secure, wherever their

Ain> • m. • a

Mow- services may be required.
. ' ^^^^ " The Major-General's best thanks are especially due
1844. to Lieutenant- Colonel Spark for the zealous and effective
manner in which at all times he has conducted the duties
of the home district. He carries with him the hearty
good wishes of Sir Bichard Armstrong, not only for a
continuance of his own prosperity, but also that of the
regiment under his command.

** By command,
{Signed) " Plomeb Touno,

"A.-A..General."

1845-46. During 1845 the regiment remained at Montreal,
and until the 17th of July, 1846, when it proceeded by
steamboat to Quebec, and arrived at that station on the
following day.
Peicumion The service companies received the new percussion
received, muskets in July, 1846, the depdt having been supplied
with them two months previously.

1847. The year 1847 was passed at Quebec.

1848. Early in 1848 Lieutenant and Adjutant William
Macdonald was promoted to a Captaincy, and the
following order was issued on the occasion by Lieutenant-
Colonel Spark.

" Quebec, 9th February, 184a

'^ BeoimentaIi Obdebs.

** Lieutenant and Adjutant Macdonald having been
promoted to a company in the S7th regiment,* as
appears in the General Orders published this day,
Quarter-Master Sinclair will be pleased to act as Adjutant
until further orders.

* Captain Macdonald, bowpver, made arrangements by which ho
was enabled to remain in the 03rd*

'ij)Mir »<i««mi«<^iT» rilli A..a< »f .» ' i. — i »< a»ii i » f li t I .W JII l ilfc * < J « «Wr> H rt < > *■ ■ *

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDER8. 83

'' The Lieutenant-Colonel takes this opportunity of 1848.
thanking Captain Macdonald for the hearty, zealous,
and efficient manner in which he has performed the
various and important duties of Adjutant for the
lengthened period of twenty-one years, contributing
much during that time to the excellence of the drill of the
regiment, as well as to its discipline, and to the good
name it bears.

Captain Macdonald carries with him the best wishes
of his late commanding officer.

'* On the Ist of August, 1848, the 93rd embarked on
board Her Majesty's troop ship Re^uiancep and sailed
on the same day for Portsmouth.

** Head-quarters, Quebec, 27ih July, 1848.

''General Orders.

** Her Majesty's troop ship lieMiance ha\ing arrived
at Quebec with the 79th Highlanders, to relieve the
98rd Highlanders, this latter corps will be embarked
for passage to Europe as soon as the necessary arrange-
ments for that pm*pose are completed. The Deputy
Quarter-Master-General will give the requisite directions
for the performance of this service.

'' The Commander of the Forces wishes to o£Eer to
Lieutenant-Colonel Spark and the 98rd Highlanders the
expression of his very high opinion of the regiment's dis-
cipline and good order in all respects, of his thanks for
their meritorious services, of his regret at their departure,
and of his best wishes for their future glory and good
fortune. He feels, besides, that to Lieutenant-Colonel
Spark his special acknowledgments are due, not only for
his able care of his regiment, but for that with which he
has 80 effectually fulfilled for several years, the important

-*''f-'"'*"'**f"'-*i-if.**-r*-'-V r- II — "n'.-^fm'-.rit" 'T-Tf-'"^"'-**^-*i'" i -f*-— --•« --^i rn^i'i Wi i i --rbft-" inj r ti 'h

84 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

184& duty of commandant of the fortress and garrison of
Quebec.

{Signed) ** G. A. Wetherall,

" A--A.-General-"

Keooiieo- The following recollections of service in Canada have

^^ been supplied by the then adjutant.

** In regard to the rebellion in Canada in the year

1838, I think that the moves of the regiment, and the

part it took in it, must be recorded in the proper book in

the orderly room ; I may, however, make a few references.

We left Halifax, Nova Scotia, for Quebec in October,

1838, and arrived in the same month, and immediately

moved to Montreal, where we received orders to proceed

to Upper Canada. The march part of the way was deep

in snow and slush. After a few days we got steam from

Kingston to Toronto, but we were only two nights there

when the regiment received orders to retrace their steps

to Montreal, in the vicinity of which the rebellion had

broken out. Four or five hundred sympathizers having

crossed over from the United States, took up a strong

position in a mill at Prescott. They did not cross,

however, for several hours after we passed that place

on our way to the Montreal district. In the meantime

a party of the 83rd regiment was sent from Kingston

and had been directed to attack them, but they killed

an officer and some men of the 83rd, and the party had

to retire. Shortly afterwards a part of the 83rd and

the Grenadier company of the 93rd Highlanders, under

the command of Colonel the Honourable H. Dundas of

the former corps, were sent to attack them, when the

sympathizers surrendered and were made prisoners and

conducted to Kingston. As matters were looking

suspicious in the upper province, the 93rd were again

ordered there, arriving at Toronto about the end of

r— !!•% IfUl ^ r^^'-'-tf*"'-!"'-''^**^-^*"""" " • "■ —■■'■» ^'- ' ** .^3.^um.^^.m^

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEB& 85

November. A company had been left nnder Captain ReeoUeo-
Bourehier in the lower province, attached to the Tlst obmada.
Light Infantry.

** Before taking leave of Lower Canada, I may men-
tion in a word or two, that in one of the towns we met a
Glengarry regiment of militia, hurriedly mastered and
sent to the front. There were some fine strapping men
amongst them, but they neither knew anything of
discipline nor drill, and moreover scarcely any of them
could speak English. I was acting Brigade-Major at
the time. I had to bring my knowledge of their language
(Gaelic), of which I was always proud, to help them
along with their drill, and very much pleased the poor
fellows were to find that I could give them some in-
struction and hints in Gaelic. But my e£Ebrt8 did not
continue long, as the 98rd got orders to move.

** The regiment having arrived, at Toronto, after a
day or two, received orders to proceed to London, Upper
Canada, but in consequence of its having undergone so
much harassing work during the last six weeks, the order
was countermanded. About this time, orders were
issued by the government to embody provincial militia
regiments. Two of these corps were directed to be
attached to, and drilled by regiments of the line stationed
in Toronto. The 93rd got one of them and we imme-
diately commenced work. Drill instructors were told
oif for the purpose, and I was appointed to superintend.
The barrack square was always kept clear of snow, and
we had them put into squads and drilled twice a day»
commencing of course with setting up, facings, and
goose step. The weather being dry, although cold, we
were getting along pretty well, and in the course of a
couple of months we got on to company drill. It
followed that by the month of May this battalion was
brigaded with the regiments in garrison, viz. the 82nd

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HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB

BeoGlke- and 98rd. Shortly afterwards these battalions were
Gboiadft. moved from Toronto to other districts in the province,
and Upper Canada was considered to be settling
down.

** In 1840 the regiment was moved from Toronto to
Dmmmondsville, the Falls of Niagara, where it remained
for a year, and returned to Toronto, where it was stationed
tilll844.

** Toronto was a capital station to get the regiment
well drilled, and at our inspections by Major-General Sir
Bichard Armstrong and Major-General Clithero, the
efficiency and drill were highly praised.

" In 1844 the regiment moved to Montreal, where it
continued in garrison till 1846, when it got the route for
Quebec and from thence home, and to old Scotland in
1848.

{Signed) ''William Macdonald,

** Major, late 98rd Sutherland Highlanders,
and formerly Adjutant of the regiment
for 21 years."

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93bd sutheblakd highlandeb& 87

GREAT BRITAIN.

On the arrival of the regiment at Portsmouth, orders 18^8.
were received to proceed to Leith, where it arrived
on the 80th of August, disembarked next day, and pro-
ceeded to Stirling Castle, arriving the same evening ;
the time occupied in moving from Quebec to Stirling
being thirty-one days.

On the 18th of October, 1848, the depdt joined the
service companies and the regiment occupied the following
stations, viz. —

Four companies and Head-quarters at Stirling Castle. ^™^*
Three companies and a Field Officer at Perth. axp

Three companies and a Field Officer at Dundee.
The following order was issued by Major-General
Riddell commanding in North Britain, after having in-
spected the whole regiment for the first time after its
arrival from North America : —

«« Edinburgh, SOth October, 1848.

"Sm,

'* Having now seen the whole of the regiments
under my command, I beg to express to you, and through
you, tothe officers, non-commissioned officers and soldiers
of the 98rd Highlanders, the satisfaction I have ex-
perienced with their cleanly and soldierlike appearance,
as well as with the absence of all grave offences in

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HI8T0BICAL BECM)BDS OF THB

1848. the corps, and the general good conduct of the depdt
and service companies since they have served under my
orders.

" I have the honour to be, Sir»

** Tour most obedient humble servant,
{Signed) " Hembt Biddell,

" Major General."

" Lieutenant-Colonel Spark,

" Commanding 9Srd Highlanders."

A Guard of Honour composed of three officers, viz..
Captain Leith Hay, Ensigns W. Donald Macdonald
and J. M. Bannatyne, four sergeants, four corporals,
one drummer, and ninety-two privates, was furnished
from the depot at Aberdeen during Her Majesty's stay at
Mar Castle, Braemar, from 80th of August to 8rd of October.

1849. By Horse Guards order, dated 29th of January, 1849,
the establishment of the regiment was reduced from
1000 to 750 rank and file.

The 98rd furnished a company as a Guard of Honour,
which was stationed at Ballater during the time Her
Majesty remained at Balmoral in the summer of 1849,
from 8th of August to 29th of September ; it consisted of
two sergeants, two corporals, and fifty privates, under
the command of Brevet-Major Aylmer, with Lieutenants
£. Hunter Blair and Colin Maxwell.

On the 14th of August, 1849, the regiment furnished
a Guard of Honour which proceeded to Glasgow to
receive Her Majesty on her visit to the commercial
capital of Scotland. It was composed of one field
officer, two captains, four subalterns, ten sergeants, two
drummers, eight corporals, and 190 privates. The
officers were Major L. Bothe, Captains B. M. Banner
and Leith Hay, Lieutenants B. E. Seton and Hon. A. M.
Cathcart, Ensigns A. Young and J. M. Bannatyne.

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93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEBS. 89

BUBOS.

185a

On the 5th of April, 1850, tho regiment proceeded to ^»
Edinburgh by rail, to be stationed. While in Edinburgh
it furnished a Guard of Honour at Ballater during the
period Her Majesty remained at Balmoral in the summer
of 1850 ; it consisted of Captain J. A. Ewart, Lieutenants
George Beton and Colin Maxwell, two sergeants, two
corporals, one drummer, and forty*five privates.

On the first occasion in which Her Majesty and the
Prince Consort ever occupied the ancient royal residence,
Holyrood Palace, a Guard of Honour was furnished
consisting of Captain Charles Henry Gordon, Lieutenants
B. Lockhart Boss and John Alexander Eraser, and one
hundred rank and file of the 9Srd ; and several other
guards when Her Majesty remained at Holyrood on her
way to and from the north.

On the 16th of April, 1851, the regiment left Edin- 1851.
burgh for Glasgow by rail, detaching two companies to
Paisley under a field officer, and two subalterns' detach-
ments, one to Dumbarton Castle, the other to Fort
William. During the greater part of the time head-
quarters were at Glasgow, four companies were at Paisley,
as the barracks were undergoing repairs at the former
place. Captain Ewart's company was stationed for two
months at Greenock, in aid of the civil power.

By order, dated Horse Guards, 12th of July, 1851,
the non-commissioned officers and privates were directed
to wear Glengarry bonnets with regimental dice.

The regiment was augmented, by order, dated 10th 1858.
of February, 1852, from 750 to 850 rank and file.

Colonel Bobert Spark died at Elgin, on the 20th of i>aith of
February, after a service in the 98rd of close on forty- ' ^^ '
five years. He was succeeded in the command by Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Lorenzo Bothe.

The regiment left Scotland for Weedon in three Wecdow.
divisions, by railway, on the 28rd of February, 1852^

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■»•«

80 HISTOBICAL BECORDS OF THE

Weedov. and two following days^ each division halting one night
I852! <^t Carlisle. The following order was issued by order
of Lientenant-General Biddell on its departure : —

" Adjutant-GenerarB Office,

*' Edinburgh, 25th of February. 1852.

'' The Lieutenant-General commanding cannot
allow the 98rd Highlanders to leave North Britain with-
out assuring you and the regiment under your command,
how much he regrets losing the services of a corps,
whose eiBciency and general good conduct has afforded
him so much satisfaction.

** I have the honour to be, etc.,
(Signed) *^ John . Edbm,

"Col-,.A..A.-Gen."

The regiment had been recruited by its own parties
in Scotland, except in 1848, when it was completed to
one thousand rank and file ; such augmentation having
been required with the utmost celerity, recourse was had
to the assistance of general recruiting by the parties in
Scotland.

On the 16th of May, 1852, the recruiting staff in
Scotland received instructions to raise forty recruits for
the 98rd Highlanders, in order to accelerate the com-
pletion of the corps to the increased establishment
ordered in February of the same year.

A detachment of one sergeant and ten rank and file
occupied the barracks at Northampton from 25th of
February to 12th of August, 1852.

On the 28th of June, 1852, a detachment, under
command of Lieutenant Middleton, proceeded to Bir-
ntiingham to occupy barracks during the temporary
absence of the cavalry from that station, returning to
Weedon on the 8th of July.

' * *'*■* "" ^ I * *' '""^ ' ' ■^ — -» tmt ... >->««^ -C. ... . .u^- -. .... ..^.-.'^.^.^ ^. . ^^-

03rd buthebland ihghlandebs. 91

On the 6th of July a detachment, under Captain 1852.
C. H. Gordon, proceeded to Wolverhampton, relieving a ~
detachment of the 4th regiment, and remained at that
station until the 11th of August.

On the 20th of July a detachment, under Captain
Boss, proceeded to Wellingborough in aid of the civil
power, returning to Weedon the following day.

On the 11th of August, 1852, and two following days Town-
the regiment proceeded in three divisions from Weedon *
to Portsmouth, each division marching to Banbury and
halting there one night, and proceeding thence by rail
vid Oxford to Portsmouth, where they arrived on the
12th, 18th, and 14th of August^ and occupied the
Anglesea barracks.

On the 18th of November took place the funeral of
His Grace the Duke of Wellington, E.G., who died .
Commander-in-Chief of the Army, on the 14th of Sep-
tember. Two officers, one sergeant, one corporal, and
five privates from every regiment in the army took part
in the procession. The band of the 98rd attended. The
officers present were Major Ainslie, Captain C. H.
Gordon, and Lieutenant W. G. A. Middleton.

Lieutenant-General William Wemyss, colonel of the
regiment, died at Windsor on the 80th of November. He
was the son of its first colonel, and always took a deep
interest in the welfare of the Sutherland Highlanders^
with which he had been associated from his infancy.

On the 14th of June, 1858, the 98rd proceeded from 1353.
Portsmouth to Woking by rail, and marched from thence

* Ck>lonel Rothe was very fond of exercising tbe companiei of the
regiment on outpost duty. Soon after arriving at Weedon he had
called on all the farmers round ahont, and they had granted him per*
mission to go oyer their ground for this purpose. . The farmers always
behaved roost kindly, and when a piquet post was near a farm-hoase,
the occupants used to roll out a barrel of beer, and serve out bread and
cheese all round, saying, ''Glad to see you Sootchiesl**

^ . ^ ^.^^ J — ^>^,i-^^^^^,- .-^ ,. ■-. -^ ■ ^ .^ ■ ■^->^^-.^^.^»-j^^ n'li: rij

92 HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB ^

Crqbhak to Chobham Gommoiiy arriving the same day, where it

' formed part of a force encamped under the command of

^^' Lieatenant>6eneral Lord Seaton, G.C.B., for the purpose
of manoeuTring.

On the 15th of July, the regiment being relieved,

marched to Windsor, and proceeded thence by rail to

Devonport, arriving there that night, and occupying

billets. On the following day they went into four

detached barracks in Devonport, and Millbay, Plymouth,

while one company, under command of Captain Maxwell,

proceeded to Dartmoor convict prison, Princetown, there

to be stationed.

Uent-Goi. In October Lieutenant-Colonel Bothe retired from the

^^^^ service, and Major William Bernard Ainslie succeeded

mandt. to the Command from the 21st of that month.

1854. On the 12th of February, 1854, the usual intimation,

or 'better of readiness,'* was received from the Horse

Guards for the 98rd to prepare for embarkation on

active service.

The regiment being on the peace establishment, the
42nd and 79th Highlanders were called upon for volun-
teers. One hundred and seventy men responded and
very shortly joined ; they are described as having been
fine looking fellows, eager to do their country service.
Lieutenant-General Ewart (then a captain) says that
with these, the 98rd mustered about a thousand as
splendid looking soldiers as could be found in the
world.*

A few days previous to leaving England, the battalion
was inspected on the Hoe, Plymouth, by Major-Generai
Sir Harry Smith, who made a very stirring speech on
the occasion, an immense concourse of people being
present.

The gallant general said : — '* On a former occasion

• - Story of a Soldier*! Life."

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93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 93

I have served with yoa ; you were ihen, as now^ a credit ism.
to yoor country ; you leave me with my good wishes ; go
forth, fight her battles, yoor strength and courage shall
be a. terror to your enemy, success shall follow your arms,
and victory your standard. Be generous to your foes
when the misfortunes of war place them in your hands,
and live as brothers with your good allies the French I "
A very handsome subscription was raised for the
benefit of the women and children of the regiment who
were to be left behind, the Duchess of Sutherland
aiding most liberally.

■•■••■■*■■ ■ ■-—>!■ ,m'»M*-^\M /■. VA. .■.-■..•- .: . ..■. T-^r- g- i rnr i f' , tH r n V^^ i - if-l'^r * '^ i b'j 1^

94 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

THE RUSSIAN WAR.

I85i. On Monday, the 27th of February, the Himalaya having
arrived in Plymouth Sound, the embarkation of the 98rd
took place. The streets were thronged with people, the
approaches to the Citadel being blocked by a dense
crowd. At ten o'clock precisely the regiment, officers
and men all wearing the kilt, commenced its march,
beaded by the bands of the 20th regiment and Royal
Marines, which played alternately with its own band
and the ten pipers, until the victualling yard was
reached ; here the Confiance and the Jasper steam-tugs
were in waiting, and we steamed off to the Himalaya,
amidst the most tremendous cheering, the band playing
*' Auld lang syne '* and '' Scots wha hae wi' Wallace
bled.'**
Malta. The following morning the regiment sailed for
I Malta, which was reached on the 7th of March, and the

next day they disembarked and were encamped in an
outwork of the fortifications called the Bomba Horn
Work,

On the 23rd of March the Christophe Cclomb arrived
at Yaletta with Generals Ganrobert, Bosquet, their staff
and some French soldiers. This was the first meeting
of the 98rd with our allies, and as they proceeded up
the harbour they were welcomed with loud and hearty
cheers* A review in their honour took place the same

• LJeutenant-Gcncral Ewart'i •* Story of a Soldicr'a Life.*

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93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 95

day on the Floriana Parade, at ^hich were present three Malta.
battalions of Guards, the 83rd regiment, the 98rd and {^
the 2nd battalion Bifle Brigade. After the troops had
marched past, the French officers passed along the
front of each regiment, making a most careful inspec-
tion. They expressed themselves as being greatly
delighted, and seemed to be especially struck with the
appearance of the Highlanders.

While at Malta the men had constant target
practice with the Minie rifles, which had only lately
been issued to them.

On the 4th of April the '' Declaration of War ** was
received at Malta, and on the 6th the regiment em-
barked on board the Kangaroo steamer and sailed that
evening for Gallipoli, and after a fine passage arrived at Galufou.
that place early on the morning of the 11th of April, where
a tedious delay occurred owing to the difficulty of pro-
curing small boats, but the regiment landed before
sunset the same evening, and encamped in a graveyard
close to the suburbs. Major-General Sir George Brown,
who had previously arrived, was then in command at
Gallipoli.

On the 12th the camp was moved to a large field,
distant two miles from the town, where the regiment
remained until the 19th. Both officers and men suffered
much from the intense cold, as well as from the very in-
different rations, and the meagre quantity with which
they were supplied. They were then moved to the
encampment of '' Bulair,*' about seven miles inland from
Gallipoli.

This encampment consisted of a battalion of the
Bifle Brigade, the 50th and 93rd, with two companies of
Sappers under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Lawrence.
The troops were employed, together with those of the
French, in throwing up a line of intrenchments across

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96 HJSTOBICAL RECORDS OF THB

Galufoll the narrowest part of the peninsula upon which Gallipoli
ig5j^ is situated, namely from the Gnlf of Saros to the Sea of
Marmora, in length about seven miles. The labour
upon these intrenchments, together with occasional
drills, kept all fully occupied. The weather was daily
becoming more favourable, and although the rations
were still extremely indifferent, the health of the regiment
continued good.

On the 6th of May at daybreak the brigade struck
tents and returned to Gallipoli, being relieved by the
4th, 28th and 44th regiments, under Brigadier-General
Eyre, whom they met about half-way, when the six
regiments were formed into a division and reviewed by
Sir George Brown before General Ganrobert and other
French Generals, and after a few manoeuvres and
^* marching past " the 98rd and Bifle Brigade resumed
their march, the 50th remaining to occupy the ground
vacated by General Eyre's brigade.

On arrival at Gallipoli the 93rd were immediately
embarked on board the screw Steamer Andes for Scutari,
No. 2 company, under command of Captain Honourable
A. M. Cathcart, with the baggage ponies and baggage
being towed in a sailing vessel. This embarkation was
most rapidly and effectively carried out in less than
an hour by the boats of the French fleet. The time
(including the review) the men had been under ajins
and carrying a heavy kit, the excessive heat and scarcity
of water on the way, rendered this march an extremely
harassing one.

SccTABL On the 9th of May the regiment disembarked at
Scutari, on the Asiatic side of the Bosphorus, and
occupied the corridor of a large barrack for the night.
There being no place for the officers. Sir Colin Camp-
bell, who had arrived shortly before, allowed them
to make use of his two rooms. The next morning

— ^ ^^ - - - - ^mmmtmu*

jij ii^>i ■ i*i»rtft , il , ■ „■—■■■* -r iMir—

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDER& 97

they were encamped between the barrack and the Scutah.
hospital. ml

On the evening of the 11th of May, His Boyal
Highness the Duke of Cambridge landed at Scutari,
and immediately rode np and inspected the Guards and
98rd Highlanders.

On the 18th of May the regiment was inspected by
Lord Baglan, the Commander-in-Chief, whoexpressedhim-
self as highly satisfied with its appearance and efficiency.

On the 19th a sad event occurred. Between the
camp and the landing place at Scutari, a small stream
crossed the road, over which it was, in fine weather, easy
to step. A heavy fall of rain having rapidly swollen this
stream, two officers of the regiment. Lieutenant Macnish
and Ensign Clayhills, returning after nightfall to camp,
and attempting to get over, as they had done in the
afternoon, were swept off their legs, and the former was
unfortunately drowned. He was a promising officer, and
his death was much regretted by all. After three days
search his body was found in the Bosphorus, near the
mouth of the stream, and he was buried not far from the
camp.

At this period brigades and divisions were formed.
The 1st Division, under command of the Duke of Gam- ssrd feraw
bridge, consisted of the three battalions of Guards ^^'^nd
forming the 1st brigade under Brigadier-General Ben- ^^^
tinck, and the 42nd, 79th (neither of which regiments had DiTWoo.
yet arrived) and the 93rd, the 2nd or Highland brigade,
under Sir Colin Campbell.

During the time the regiment remained at Scutari
there were several reviews, constant drills, also route
marching with baggage packed on ponies. One of the
reviews was held before the Sultan in person.

The rations were of a much better quality, and the
health of the men continued good.

S8 HI8T0BICAL RECOBDB OF THB

ISM. Here also the whole army vas served oat vith the

Mmi6 rifle. The 79th arrired on the 26th of May, the
42itd on the 7th of Jane, thus completing the Highland
brigade.
Vamma. On the IStb of June the regiment embarked on board
the Melbourne steamer for Varna, where it disembarked
on the 16th with the rest of the brigade, the Gaarda
having landed the previous afternoon. It encamped
about a mile from the town, and here brigade and
division drills were carried on. While here Nos. 1 and
2 companies, tmder Captains Shelton and Catbcart, were
detached as a Guard for the Commander-in-Chief and head-
quarters of stofiF, and remained so till the 31st of August.
On the Ist of July the division marched to Aladyn,
Ausn. about eight miles &om Varna, and on the 19th, while in
this camp, authority was received to augment the strength
of the regiment. The establishment became then as
follows : —

And about this time, through the interest of the Duke of
Sutherland, the depot was moved from England to
Scotland, so as to aid their efTorts in obtaining recroits.

On the 23nd of July, a draft, consisting of Captain
Blackett and Ensign Cooper, 2 sergeants, 3 corporals,
and 95 privates, joined the service companies.

At Aladyn, cholera made its appearance in the divi-
sion, and, in consequence of increasing sickness, a move
OivuxLA. was made to Givrakla, a place about six miles off, on
the 28th of July. Daring this month, fever and l)owel

^M*«4

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93BD 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLAKDEBS. 99

complaints were very prevalent, and three deaths oe- Oitbakuu
curred in the 93rd. At Givrakla, cholera attacked the ish]
regiment, and their health getting worse, they were again
moved on the 8th of August, and encamped some two
miles from the rest of the division, where they remained
until the 2l8t of August.

From 1st of. July to 21st of August the brigade, when
not at drill, was employed making gabions and fascines,
and practised in siege operations, such as opening
trenches, throwing up breastworks, covering parties, etc.

On the 12th of August, Lieutenant Turner died of fever
and dysentery. Colonel Elliott, of the 79th, having died
on the previous day, it was decided to have the two
funerals at the same time. Their graves were dug, one
on each side of a tree which stood at the head of a ravine,
on an elevated and beautiful spot. The Protestant
Chaplain to the brigade of Guards read the funeral
service over them. ♦

On the 16th of August, the brigade of Guards and the Vabu.
42nd moved from Givrakla to Varna, and were followed
on the 21st by the 79th and 93rd, and the brigade
was ordered to take up an encampment at Galata, a
distance of about sixteen miles from Givrakla. In conse-
quence of the generally impaired health of the troops,
this short distance was directed to be performed in
three marches, the knapsacks being carried on Turkish
waggons.

Great sickness had prevailed in the division generally,
and in the 93rd especially, 416 cases having been treated
in the regimental hospital, twenty-one proving fatal,
besides that of Lieutenant Turner. There having been
no active operations during this period, and no employ-
ment for body or mind beyond the usual occasional
working parties, while the heat was excessive, and the

* Lieutcnant-QeDeral Ewart's •* Story of a 8oldier*i Life."

<imtt

■Wa

jfnnfiiiirtniii , nn

>'i*n#i>««M-^B ^

100

HI8T0BICAL BECORDS OF THK

18M.

suffering from the epidemics of the comitry so great, a
very general depression of spirits prevailed in the division;
but the order of recall to Varna, coupled as it was with
rumours amounting almost to certainty of the war being
transferred to the Crimea, caused a feeling of relief and
rejoicing. The march to Galata was completed on the
28rd of August. The camp was about five miles from the
town, on the south side of the harbour, where other
troops were assembled preparatory to embarkation.

On the 31st of August, leaving Ensign McBean at
Varna with all the sick, the soldiers* wives, and also the
baggage ponies, the regiment embarked on board Her
Majesty's steam-ship TerriUe for Baltchik Bay, the
general rendezvous of the transports, and here they were
transhipped the same afternoon to six sailing vessels, as
follows: —

Cbimia.

. •

Caducey
Her MajeUy .
City of CarluU
Palmenion . .
JSiendale • •
AmotdaU • .

ToUl.

1
1

1
1
2
1
1
1

2
2
1
1
3
8

7 12

1
2
2

10
6
6
8
6
7

2
1
8
6

6 41 16

6
6
5
6
9
6

114
131
130
120
126
184

•8
^1

765

S> 8

* a

With Ensign McBean there remained 102 non-com-
missioned officers and men, 20 soldiers' wives, and 83
baggage ponies. No horses were permitted to accompany
the regiment, except the chargers of the mounted officers.

In all the transports detachments of artillery were
embarked.

The expedition sailed from Baltchik Bay for the
Crimea on the 7th of September. On the 18th the ships
anchored off Eupatoria, but again got under weigh during

m am i i ■ ^. ■^— • ^nt'^ L A , .a^-s.^ t-|K.t..--Y - p ;/

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93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDBRa 101

the nighty and on the morning of the 14th anchored Gixkba.
about half a mile from a low sandy beach, which divided issL
the sea from a brackish lake, called Tuzla. There the
troops disembarked without any opposition from the
enemy. Each man landed with three days* provisions
ready cooked, in his haversack — ^but without knapsacks —
a great-coat and blanket being folded square in the knap-
sack straps, and in the former one shirt, one pair of
shoes, and one pair of socks were ordered to be carried.
By 2 p.m. the 93rd were all disembarked, and about 4
p.m. the first division marched some five miles inland
over a grassy plain, where it bivouacked for the night, —
regiments in contiguous columns at deploying distance,
and extending across from the lake and a village on the
left, till the British forces joined those of the French
on the right. Towards evening the rain descended in
torrents, and as no tents or baggage was allowed to
accompany it, the army passed the night, a very tempes«
tuous one, without shelter. Tents were landed and issued
the next day, but after being two nights in use they were
again sent on board ship.

On the 19th of September the allied army commenced
their march towards Sebastopol. The French were in
the centre, and the Turks — about 7000 infantry, under
Suliman Pacha, — on the right, close to the sea, where
the allied fleets moved in conjunction with the troops*
The British were on the left, and consequently, being
more open to attack from the enemy, occupied the post
of honour.

The infantry of the English army was formed by
divisions in double column of battalions at subdivision
distance.

The light^ division under Major-General Sir George
Brown led, the second division, commanded by Major-
General Sir De Lacy Evans, being on their right.

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102 HISTOBICAL BECORDS OF THB

CsiinA. FolloTring the light division came the first diyision,

J^ under His Boyal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, having

on their right (and in rear of the second division), the

third division, under Major-General Sir Bichard England.

The fourth division, under Major-Oeneral Sir George
Gathcart, except the 68rd regiment and t^o companies
of the 46th belonging to it, which had been left with a
squadron of the 4th Light Dragoons to clear the beach
at Eamishlu, brought up the rear, marching behind the
first division.

The artillery belonging to each division was on their
right.

The advance guard consisted of the 11th Hussars and
the 13th Light Dragoons, under Lord Cardigan.

Covering the infantry in skirmishing order was a
battalion of the Bifle Brigade.

On the left flank of the infantry were the 8th Hussars,
followed by the 17th Lancers.

The cattle and the baggage marched in rear of the
third division, thus being covered on the left by the
fourth division. Then followed the rear guard, with
last of all the 4th Light Dragoons, under Lord George
Paget.

In this order the army moved for about nine miles
over a perfectly open country till it arrived at a small
stream called the Bulganak, when a halt was allowed
to procure water. Here the enemy first showed them-
selves in some force of cavalry and artillery, between
whom and ours a slight skirmish took place. The
Bussians before long retired. The infantry divisions
were brought up and formed into line. Then received
orders to bivouac for the night.
BaiUe of - On the morning of the 20th of September the Bussian
army m great force was seen m position on a range of
heights some six miles in the front.

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93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEB8.

103

1854.

** Sarly in the moming the French and Turks on the BatUe <€
right of the allied army were on the more along the
coart.

The range of heights occupied by the enemy was
from five to seven hundred feet above the level of the
plain, and on the south side of a small, but in some
places deep rivulet, called the Alma, having a Tartar
viUage named Bourliouk on its north, — ^the side on which
the allied armies were approaching.

The army commenced their advance formed up as on
the previous day. Within about two miles of the Alma
they remained halted for a time to allow stragglers to
come up. While the men were still in column Sir Colin
Campbell addressed a few words to the Highland brigade,
admonishing them to keep shoulder to shoulder, and not
to fall out to look after the wounded. Mr. Einglake in
his history of the '* Invasion of the Crimea," says Sir
Colin spoke substantially to this effect : —

** Now men you are going into action. Remember
this, whoever is wounded — I don't care what his rank is
— whoever is wounded must lie where he falls till the
bandsmen come to attend to him.* No soldiers must go
carrying off wounded men. If any soldier does such
a thing, his name shall be stuck up in his parish church.
Don't be in a hurry about firing. Tour officers will tell
you when it is time to open fire. Be steady. Keep
silence. Fire low. Now men, the army will watch us ;
make me proud of the Highland brigade ! "

The British army then deployed into line successively
by divisions.

The 1st division under His Royal Highness the Duke
of Cambridge, thus became the second line, the light
division being the first.

The brigade of Guards were on the right, and the

* This wu the duty of the bandsmen during an engagement

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104 HISTORICAL BEOOBDS OF THE

nataeof Highland brigade upon the left of the division. The

98rd was the centre regiment of their brigade.

1854. rpijQ jjgijj division by about two o'clock p.m. became

hotly engaged with the enemy.

The Ist division then took ground to their left,
wheeling into open column of companies left in front ;
and when they were again wheeled into line, the High-
land brigade occupied a position opposite the Bussian
right, which rested on a small intrenched battery armed
with 82-pounder brass guns, and filled with their rifle-
men. After advancing a short distance in line under a
heavy fire, they were ordered to lie down in rear of the
wall of a vineyard. Here they remained a few minutes,
and were again ordered to advance. This order promptly
complied with, soon brought them (after pushing through
a vineyard), led by their brigadier, the gallant Sir Colin,
into and across the river. The water in many places
was up to the men's waists as they crossed, and in others
even higher.

After crossing the Alma, it needed but a momentary .
delay to reform.

The ascent of the heights was then commenced,
these were very steep. The fire from the battery, as
well as from the enemy's battalions on its left, was
severe, and caused some casualties. Lieutenant Aber-
crombie fell — shot through the heart.*

The advance was continued in an echelon of bat-
talions in line ; the 42nd the most advanced.

A short distance above the river, the 98rd passed the
77th regiment halted in line, which brought them imme-
diately in front of the enemy. The summit of the

* The corrected nuroerical return of CMualties at Alma it given in
the London Gazette^ of December 16th, 1854, as follows (Extract from
" Errata in extraordinary Oazttte, of 8th of Octoher.") " 9drd regiment.
For 7 rank and file killed, read 6 rank and file killed ; for 41 rank and
file wounded, read 37 rank and file wounded.**

1891

93rd sutueblakd Highlanders. 105

heights being almost gained, a brisk fire was opened Battle of
upop the battalions opposed to us, accompanied by a
hearty Highland cheer as we advanced. After a hesi-
tating delay of a few seconds, the enemy fell back, and
commenced their retreat in great confusion, suffering
fearfully from the destructive volleys of the Mini6, and
throwing away their arms and knapsacks the better to
accelerate their flight

The following incident is related by Major-General
Charles Henry Gordon (then a captain) to show the
fine spirit of the men. When advancing through the
vineyard just before crossing the stream of the Alma —
a shell bursting, literally blew into fragments the upper
part of the* feather bonnet of one of the light company,
about the sixth file from the right ; whereupon the wearer,
himself fortunately unhurt, remarked jocularly to his
comrades, " Eh, I see they're wanting my feather hat! "
and continued to advance in his place.

Lieutenant-General Ewart, in his book says: — ** One
shell knocked over three or four of the light company
under Gordon, which was next to my own ; but on we went
rapidly to the front. A Russian rifle regiment was one
of those firing at us, and poor Abercrombie, who was a
few paces to my right, was shot through the heart, one
of my own sergeants being about the same time shot
through the body, and one of my corporals, a fine young
lad, in tha stomach. The whistling of the balls was
something wonderful; one broke the scabbard of my
clayolore; and MacGowan, who commanded the com-
pany on my right, got a ball through his kilt* Had we
paused, we should have suffered a heavy loss; but
nothing could exceed the impetuosity of our men, and
on we dashed, getting at last a little shelter as we
ascended the hill. It was tolerably steep, but we at last
reached the summit, and then for the first time got a

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106

HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THE

Battle of close look at the Bussians, who were in column. We at

once opened fire, the men firing by files as they^ad-

'^^ vanced. On getting nearer, the front company of the
BuBsian regiment opposite to us, a very large one,
bronght down their bayonets, and I thought were about
to charge us ; but on our giving a cheer, they at once
faced about and retired.'*

Sir Colin Campbell had his horse shot under him,
and that of Lieutenant and Adjutant Dawson, of the
98rd, was struck by a ball in the shoulder.

Battle of thb Alha.

List of non-commissioned officers and soldiers of the
98rd Highlanders killed and wounded, taken from
the London Gazette, of October 18th, 1854.

Killed.
Ftivate John Cameron.
„ William McLeod.
„ Robert Faton.
William Wyllie.

Wounded.
Sergeant David PhiUipa.

^ Alexander McDonald.
Private Robert Adams.

WillUm Urquhart

James Bain.

John McDonald.

David Mcpherson.

Neil Flanagan.

John Higgins.

William Poison.

William Ferguson.

Alexander Todd.

James Chalmers.

James Bams.

David NichoL

George Boss.

George Aymers.

James Gordon.

»»

Wou2n>ED (oon^intMcQ.
Private George Garratj.
„ William Paton.

Alexander McDonald.
John McKinon.
John Torry.
William Morrison.
Donald Poison.
John Bumie.
Bamsay Bobertson.
Thomas Carson.
George Fecknej.
Donald Melville.
Hugh McGunigall.
Alexander Paul.
John Gordon.
John Leslie.
John McKay.
James Shaw.
Alexander Austin.
William McDonald.
D. Munro.

SiKCB Dead.
Sergeant David Stephen.

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93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDER& 107

The total loss of the British was— 26 officers, 19 GBinju
sergeants, 2 drummers, 806 rank and file, 26 horses, [isl
killed ; 76 officers, 95 sergeants, 17 drummers, 1427 rank
and file, wounded; 2 drummers, 16 rank and file,
missing.

The Bussian troops opposed to the Highland brigade
were — ^the right Vladimir column and the right Kazan
column, which were opposite the 42nd, the left Sousdal
column before the 93rd, and the right Sousdal coluorn
in front of the 79th. The Ouglitz * battalions were in
reserve some distance behind the left Sousdal column.

During the 21st and 22nd of September, the army
remained on the battle field, collecting and burying the
dead and aiding the wounded ; those of the British, by
the evening of the 22nd, had been sent on board the
transports then lying off the Alma.

On the 23rd the Allies recommenced their march,
proceeding a distance of seven miles, crossed the river
Eatcha and halted. The vineyards here abounded with
grapes which the troops were aUe to enjoy.

On the 24th the march was continued to the valley
of the Belbek, eight mUes further, where the army again
bivouacked for the night, surrounded by woods and
vineyards.t Here a false alarm took place, which was
said to have arisen in the Turkish lines. The distance
to Sebastopol from here is about four miles. But it
was determined, in consequence of the strength of the
Star fort, and works thrown up by the Russians near it,
not to advance further on this side of the town, but by a

* This name was corrupted by our men into *' the Ugly ChScki."
t In most of the reghnenta, if not in all, there were cases of
Cholera during this march. In the 93rd we had only two casus,
one at the Katcha, and one as we ascended from the Belbek to the
Mackenzie heights. Bowel complaints were induced by eating the
grapes too freely.

I i^< >ii r,0 rf^Mj «.;

■ Mil»>li ' |p n t i JM ^<«4„

108

HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THK

Cbuisa. flank march towards the south east, to cross the
i85i. Tchemaja above the head of the harbour, in order to
make an attack on the south side.
The flank Accordingly on the 25th the allied army commenced

^'^^'^ the famous flank march, passing first of all through thick
woods, intersected occasionaDy by mere forest tracks,
which threw the regiments and divisions into some
disorder. On approaching the Mackenzie Heights, above
the Tchemaya, the advanced guard fell in with a body of
Russian infantry (the baggage guard of a considerable
force proceeding towards Baktchi Serai), who after a few
shots from the Bifle Brigade and Horse Artillery fled,
abandoning their baggage.

Descending these heights by the road which leads
from Mackenzie's farm, and crossing the Tchemaya
by the bridge at the little hamlet of Tracktir, the army
again halted for the night. It was ten o'clock and
quite dark by the time the 98rd crossed the bridge.

Although the actual distance performed during the
march may not have exceeded ten or twelve miles,
still the time occupied in its accomplishment (from
about noon, in the case of the 98rd, till past ten o'clock
at night) caused by the slow progress of so large a force
for some distance through a dense brushwood, as well as
by the bad roads, or mere tracks traversed on the way,
rendered it a very harassing one, notwithstanding which
only one man of the regiment was lost ; he fell a victim
to cholera.

Baul- Next morning, the 26th of September, the march was

continued, and about mid-day the advanced guard (a
battalion of the Bifle Brigade) approached the village
and harbour of Balaclava. A very slight resistance was
made from an old castle on the heights, which soon
surrendered. The English, having formed up by
divisions, bivouacked for the night.

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1854.

93rd SUTHERLAND HIOHULNDBBS. 100

Balaclava afforded a small but deep harbour, so *
that the communication with the fleet and transports
was re-establishedy and a most important base acquired
for further operations. It is situated in a narrow gorge,
shut in by very steep hills, and distant about seven
miles from SebastopoL

On the 27th of September the 2nd, 8rd, 4th and
light divisions, together with the French and Turkish ,
armies, advanced upon and invested the south side of
SebastopoL

On the 1st of October, 1000 marines were landed
from the fleet to occupy the heights on the east of
Balaclava, and the Ist division joined the rest of the
army before Sebastopol, the 93rd being left before the
village of Eadikoi,* at the entrance of the gorge leading
to Balaclava, partly for the protection of the position, but
principally for the purpose of being employed in dis-
embarking the siege trains, shot, shell, etc., which had
then arrived, and were being rapidly sent to the front, the
guns, particularly those landed from the fleet, were
dragged up by the sailors, and the shot and shell were
conveyed by the artillery in ammunition and " Flanders **
waggons. In these severe fatigue duties every available
man of the regiment was employed daily.

On the 3rd of October a few tents, barely sufficient
to hold the half of the regiment, were issued to them ;
up to this time from the date of their landing (with
the exception of the two nights already alluded to)
they had bivouacked without any shelter whatever, but
the general fineness of the weather prevented their
suffering any serious inconvenience except from the
extreme heat by day.

* As an order wan iMued that one regiment of the Highland
brigade was to remain at balaclava, lots were drawn and it fell to
. the 93rd (Gen. G. H. Gordon).

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>**i^*lM>W<«aM«»«MHMM«M

110

HISTORICAL BECX)RDS OF THE

Bala-

1854.

On ibe 6tb of October tbe regiment bad to deplore
tbe loss from cbolera of Major Bobert Murray Banner, an
officer nniversally beloved.*

About tbe 12tb of October, information baving been
received of an intention on tbe part of tbe Greek in-
babitants to bum tbe town and sbipping at Balaclava,
a party of two bundred of tbe regiment, under Major
Leitb-Hay, proceeded to expel all tbe male population
(not connected witb our forces) wbicb duty was accom-
plisbed before midnigbt.

On tbe 18tb of October, in consequence of a large
force of tbe enemy concentrating in tbe Valleys of Baidar
and tbe Tcbemaya and tbreatening Balaclava, Sir Colin
Campbell was sent by Lord Baglan to assume tbe com-
mand wbicb bad until tben been beld by Lieutenant-
Colonel Daveney of tbe 1st Boyals. Sir Colin imme-
diately ordered a detacbment of tbe regiment under
Major Gordon, witb 8 officers, 16 non-commissioned
officers, 2 drummers, and 304 rank and file, to proceed
to tbe beigbts eastward of Balaclava, to assist in
strengtbening and intrencbing tbe position tbere, already
occupied by tbe marines. Below tbese beigbts, as well
also on tbe western beigbts, some beavy guns bad been
placed in position; tbey were surrounded with sligbt
earthworks, and manned by either marine artillery or
sailors. A force of some 2000 Turks under a Prussian
engineer. Captain Wagman, were employed throwing up
intrenched batteries, as well as arming them, on four
hills, situated on the plain, commanding the approach
to Balaclava on the north east, and distant from the
town about two miles. Each of these intrenched bat-
teries was garrisoned by from 250 to 300 Turks, and
formed a sort of semi-circle in reference to each other,
being a considerable distance apart, and numbered from

* He died in full uniform in his tent, on a pallet of straw. ^

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93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS.

Bala-

GLATA.

1854.

BftlftfllTfU

eastward, looking from Balaclava, as Nos. 1, 2, 8, 4, 6
and 6 redoabts.

On tbe Slst and 22nd the enemy showed in some
force, threatening the Turkish intrenched redoabts,
which opened fire, but after all this proved to be only a
reconnoissance*

On the morning of the 25th of October, about 7 a.m.,
a large force of the enemy debouched from the direction Battla ol
of Tchorgoun and the Baidar valley, and attacked with
a large body of skirmishers and artillery, the Turkish
redoubts. The British force, which had been under
arms since before daylight, consisted of about eight
hundred marines on the heights, with the detachment
of the 93rd under Major Gordon. The main body of
the regiment, under Lieutenant-Colonel Ainslie, as
well as about one hundred invalids of different corps,
were drawn up in line on a small hill in front of their
encampment, which covered the approach to Balaclava
from the plain, having on either flank a battalion of
Turks. On their left front, the brigades of light and
heavy cavalry were drawn up in columns.

The action commenced by the Russians concentrating
a severe fire of artillery upon No. 1, the easternmost
redoubt, from which, after a short resistance, the Turks
were dislodged, and the redoubt containing three guns,
was captured by the enemy. In obedience to orders
previously received to *' fall back upon the main part of
the regiment, should any disaster befall the Turks,**
Major Gordon with his detachment at once proceeded to
join Lieutenant-Colonel Ainslie in the plain, a distance
of about two miles.

The capture of No. 1 redoubt was speedily followed by
that of Nos. 2 and 8, and the guns they contained, when
the BuBsians commenced a severe fire on the flying
Turks, obliging our cavalry to fall back out of its range.

.■v« .

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112 HISTORICAL RECOBDS OF THB

Battieof to the left of the position occupied by the QSrd, 'who

^^ (being presently joined by the detachment from the

1854. heights), were directed to advance covered by the light
company and throwing forward their left. The enemy
then opened upon the regiment with round shot and
shell from the redoubts and heights from which they
had driven the Turks. This fire caused some casualties
in the force.

Sir Colin (who at the moment may be said to have
commanded the regiment in person), ordered them to
retire under cover of some rising ground immediately in
their rear, where they remained for a short time lying
down under a fire of artiUery, till presently a large body
of cavalry showed on the opposite side of the plain,
about a thousand yards in their front, the order was
then given to the regiment, which was still in line, to
rise and to advance a short distance, to the summit of the
•rising ground (behind which they had lately retired),
and to commence firing upon the cavalry, who were
bearing down upon them at a quick and rapidly in-
creasing gallop. The Turks on the right and left, after
firing a confused volley, retired in disorder, but the well-
sustained fire of the 98rd dismayed and scattered the
cavalry, who before reaching their line, wheeled off to
the right {their oym left) in much confusion.

At the time the Turks ran away, and just before the
98rd commenced firing, Sir Colin rode down the front of
the regiment, and said, " There is no retreat from here,
men I Tou must die where you stand ! *' The men
answered, ''Ay, ay. Sir Colin, and needs be, we'll do
thati'**

* These words were heard hy Lieutenant-General Burroughs, who
was theu Captaiii of Na 6 company, and standing next the regimental
colour (see pa^e 145); also hy Dr. Munro, who was a short distance
In rear of the colours.

I
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2S'*"0cfias*

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93SD SXrraERLAITD mGHLAKDEBS.

113

1851.

The main body of the Bussian cavahry rode across Battle of

BalaclaTm.

the plain towards our heavy cavaby, bat were charged
by that brigade in right gallant style, and being quickly
put to the rout, fled in the same direction as those who
had attacked the 93rd.

Attached to Captain Barker's battery of the Boyal
Artillery (who were with the 93rd)y was a Pole, their
interpreter ; this Pole, who was a man of education and
good family, but had been mined by Bussian oppression,
had attracted notice by constructing, very ingeniously,
a little hut for himself principally out of the body of an
old Bussian close carriage with the addition of clay and
turf. When the Bussian cavalry appeared in front of
the 98rd, the Pole, armed with an old double-barrelled
gun loaded with ball, took his place, almost unobserved,
in the rear rank, advanced with the line, and with them
commenced firing as the Bussians gaUoped down upon
the regiment. When galled by the musketry fire, they
turned in confusion to their left, and passed out of range,
the Pole rushed to where a dead trooper lay, put his
finger into the bullet wound in his head, and, with a
fiendish joy, declared that as the wound was smaller than
that made by a Minie ball the victim must be his ; and
his revenge was partially satisfied.*

An amusing incident occurred during the engagement,
to which allusion is made in Einglake*s '' Invasion of the
Crimea.'* The story is thus told by Lieutenant-General
Burroughs. ''Kokana Smith was the wife of private
Smith, the soldier servant of Quarter-Master Sinclair,
and was one of the few women who accompanied the
regiment as washerwomen. We had left our tents
standing, and had advanced to Sutherland Hill f at the
first signs of an impending attacL"

* Tbisancodote is related by Hajor-General G. H. Gordon, then Major,
t The regimental name for the hill on which thejr stood daring the
battle.

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114 HISTOKIGAL BECOBDS OF THK

Battle of '' When the Turks from the redoubts and our flanks

^ deserted us they passed through our camp, and one got

18M. ^^^ ^^^ ^Q^^ where Mrs. Smith was. She was a large,

powerfoly^ bony (with one n) woman, and whether she
thought the Turk had oome to steal, or to take liberties
with her, or whether it was for deserting us in our
extremity, I know not, but she was seen holding him by
the collar of his coat and kicking him/*

'' Eokana is the Turkish for woman, and she (Mrs.
Smith) became a marked woman in our camp, and that
of the Turks, which was next to us/'

The repulse of the Russian cavalry, as witnessed by
Mr. Bussell, the celebrated correspondent of the Times,
is thus described by him : —

''The Russians on their left drew breath for a
moment, and then in one grand line, charged in towards
Balaclava. The ground flies beneath their horses* feet.
Gathering speed at every stride they dash on towards
that thin red streak tipped with a line of steel. The
Turks fire a volley at eight hundred yards and run. As
the Russians come within six hundred yards, down goes
that line of steel in front, and out rings a volley of Mini6
musketiy. The distance is too great, the Russians are
not checked, but still sweep onwards through the smoke
with the whole force of horse and man, here and there
knocked over by the shot of our batteries abo^e. Witli
breathless suspense, everyone awaits the bursting of the
wave upon the line of Gaelic rock, but ere they came
within two hundred yards, another deadly volley flashes
from the levelled rifle, and carries terror into the
Russians. They wheel about, open files right and left,
and fly back faster than they came. Brave Highlanders !
well done, shout the spectators. But events thicken, the
Highlanders and their splendid front are soon forgotten,
men scarcely have a moment to think of this fact, that

M^m^^y m Ifc.-l. ■ ■■>•■ ■ 1. *.fi >!** V ^ *.< ^ »^> - II % ' ■>» ■< » ■ ■ «>i O *<<a' » Ht' n »^.J t .<<a»:«^li>>^^¥»>^*'**J^V ~» * * ' ? * " V' * ■■ ^ ■^ H» . * l * .* 1 >*-^

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS; 115

the 93rd neyer altered their formation to receive that Battteof

tide of horsemen. ' No/ said Sir Colin Campbell, ' I

did not think it worth while to form them even four ^^^*
deep 1 * The ordinary British line, two deep, was
quite sufficient to repel the attack of those Muscovite
cavaliers/*

After the heavy cavalry charge there was a pause in
the offensive operations of the Bussians.

About* 10 o'clock a.m. the 1st division, under His
Boyal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, consisting of
the brigade of Guards, 42nd and 79th Highlanders,
entered the plain, soon followed by the 4th division,
under Sir George Cathcart.

It was shortly after this time that the heroic, but dis-
astrous charge of the Light Cavalry under Lord Cardigan
took place, after which the 1st and 4th divisions advanced,
the enemy retiring and concentrating his force on Nos.
8 and 1 redoubts, when after a few shots bad been
exchanged between the English and Bussian artillery,
both armies remained in position but inactive till
nightfall, when the Guards and 4th division returned-
to their old position before Sebastopol, leaving the 42nd
and 79th at Balaclava, which regiments, as soon as
darkness concealed their movements, were placed by Sir
Colin on the slope of the hill east of the harbour, between
the positions occupied by the Marines and 98rd.

The 98rd struck their tents and under cover of the
darkness retired into a vineyard, about four hundred
yards in rear of the position they had occupied during
the action, where, formed in line, they took up a position
for the night.

.- *i- -■'«*-J- •''^— •'*-^ f'rV <ln<niiA^ T i nrir i '[ |i n ii« » . rn , - ii, m f ■i n .t II , < i , ,

»«Wfct <■ !.»». 4,

116 HISTOBIOAL BECORDS OF THK

BaiaeoT

^**|^^^ Despatches.

^***- " Before Sebastopol, October 28th, 1864.

Baglaa'i ''Mt LoRD DuKE,

Uespatoh. «c j \^^y^ ^^ honooT to acqaaint your Grace

that the enemy attacked the position in front of Bala-
clava at an early hour on the morning of the 26th
instant.

*\ The low range of heights that runs across the plain
at the bottom of which the town is placed, was protected
by four small redoubts, hastily constructed. Three of
these had guns in them, and on a higher hill, in front of
the village of Eamara, in advance of our right flank,
was established a work of somewhat more importance.

** These several redoubts were garrisoned by Turkish
troops, no other force being at my disposal for their
occupation.

'' The 98rd Highlanders was the only British regi-
ment in the plain, with the exception of part of a
battalion of detachments composed of weakly men, and - .
a battery of artillery belonging to the third division;
and on the heights behind our right were placed the
marines, obligingly landed from the fleet by Yice-Admiral
Dundas. All these, including the Turkish troops, were
under the immediate orders of Major-General Sir Colin
Campbell, whom I had taken from the first division with
the 93rd.

''As soon as I was apprised of this movement of
the enemy, I felt compelled to withdraw from before
Sebastopol, the first and fourth divisions, commanded by
Lieutenant-Generals His Boyal Highness the Duke of
Cambridge and the Honourable Sir George Cathcart,
and bring them down into the plain ; and General Gan-
robert subsequently reinforced these troops with the first
division of French infantry, and the Chasseurs d* Afrique.

*. 1 li e iw^H it r^ I f -*-"" ■**■- '-^f**^ - I '

93bd sutherlaxd highlakdebs.

117

18M.
Ixnd

iMI*g

'' The enemy commenced their operations by attack- bi^hu or
ing the work on our side of the village of Eamara, and,
after very little resistance, carried it.

'' They likewise got possession of the three others in ^^
contiguity to it, being opposed only in one, and that but l>«^*^<^
for a very short space of time.

** The farthest of the three they did not retain, but
the immediate abandonment of the others enabled them
to take possession of the guns in them, amoonting in
the whole to seven. Those in the three lesser forts were
spiked by the one English artilleryman who was in
each.

** The Bassian cavalry at once advanced, supported by
artillery, in very great strength. One portion of them
assailed the front and right flank of the 98rd, and were
instantly driven back by the vigorous and steady fire of
that distinguished regiment, under Lieutenant-Colonel
Ainslie.

'^The other and larger mass turned towards Her
Majesty's heavy cavalry, and afforded Brigadier-Greneral
Scarlett, under the guidance of Lieutenant-General the
Earl of Lucan, the opportunity of inflicting upon them
a most signal defeat. The ground was very unfavourable
for the attack of our dragoons, but no obstacle was suffi-
cient to check their advance, and they charged into the
Bussian column, who soon sought safety in flight,
although far superior in numbers.

** The charge of this brigade, one of the most success-
ful I ever witnessed, was never for a moment doubtfcd,
and is in the highest degree creditable to Brigadier-
General Scarlett and the officers and men engaged
in it.

''As the enemy withdrew from the ground which
they had momentarily occupied, I directed the cavalry,
supported by the fourth division, under Lieutenant-

-■-' i i ^ 1 i--'~^iiaa--'"*^-^~'^"^~-*^^^'~*"'^'''''*''"'''*"'*~'*'**^''r^'^'*'**^'"' - — >--.^-^.^ ■^.—- -. ,-. > .— — > .■■■ ,.- .. ^

• •

118 . HISTOBIGAL BEOOBDS OF THB

Battle of General Sir George Cathcart, to moye forward and take

advantage of any opportunity to regain the heights;

Y^ and not haying been able to accomplish this immediately,

Bagiftn*t and it appearing that an attempt was making to remove

^^^ the captored gons, the Earl of Lucan was desired to

advance rapidly, follow the enemy in their retreat, and

try to prevent them from effecting their object.

" In the meanwhile, the Bussians had time to re-form
on their own ground, with artillery in front and upon
their flanks.

"From some misconception of the instruction to
advance, the Lieutenant-General considered that he was
bound to attack at all hazards, and he accordingly
ordered Major-General the Earl of Cardigan to move
forward with the Light Brigade.

'' This order was obeyed in the most spirited and
gallant manner. Lord Cardigan charged with the utmost
vigour; attacked a battery which was firing upon the
advancing squadrons; and, having passed beyond it,
engaged the Bussian cavahry in its rear ; but there his .
troops were assailed by artillery and infantry, as well as
cavalry, and necessarily retired, after having committed
much havoc upon the enemy.

'' They effected this movement without haste or con-
fusion, but the loss they have sustained has, I deeply
lament, been very severe in officers, men, and horses,
only counterbalanced by the brilliancy of the attack, and
the gallantry, order, and discipline which distinguished
it; forming a striking contrast to the conduct of the
enemy's cavalry, which had previously been engaged
with the Heavy Brigade.

** The Chasseurs d' Afrique advanced on our left, and
gallantly charged a Bussian battery, which checked its
fire for a time, and thus rendered the British cavalry an
essential service.

Li. . L"jv-un

(

r."

93BD 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLANDERS. 119

" I have the honour to inclose copies of Sir Colin Battle or

BalaelAT*.

Campbell's and the Earl of Lucan's reports. —

'' I beg to draw yonr Grace's attention to the terms ]^
in which Sir Colin Campbell speaks of Lieutenant- Bai^ian't
Colonel Ainslie, of the QSrd^ and Captain Barker^ of the
Bojal Artillery ; and also to the praise bestowed by the
Earl of Lucan on Major-General the Earl of Cardigan,
and Brigadier-General Scarlett, which they most fuUy
deserre.

<< The Earl of Lucan not having sent me the names
of the other officers who distinguished themselves, I
propose to forward them by the next opportunity.

** The enemy made no further movement in advance,
and at the close of the day the brigade of Guards of the
first division, and the fourth division, returned to their
original encampment, as did the French troops, with the
exception of one brigade of the first division, which
General Canrobert was so good as to leave in support of
Sir Colin CampbelL

** The remaining regiments of the Highland brigade
also remained in the valley.

''The fourth division had advanced close to the
heights, and Sir George Cathcart caused one of the
redoubts to be re-occupied by the Turks, affording them
his support, and he availed himself of the opportunity
to assist with his riflemen in silencing two of the enemy's
guns.

'' The means of defending the extensive position
which had been occupied by the Turkish troops in the
morning having proved wholly inadequate, I deemed it
necessary, in concurrence with General Canrobert, to
withdraw from the lower range of heights, and to concen-
trate our force, which will be increased by a considerable
body of seamen, to be landed from the ships, under the
authority of Admiral Dundas, immediately in front of

1--t*^W»i^..i W»- Af»^^-

120 HISTOBIGAL BfiCOBDS OF THB

Battle of the narrow valley leading into Balaclava, and upon the

^^ precipitoas heights on our right, thus affording a narrow

18**- line of defence.

" I have, etc.,

" lUOLAH."

Major-General Sir Colin Campbell to Brigadier-General

Estcoort.

'* Camp Battery, No. 4, Balaclaya, October 27th, 1854.

"Sib,

" I have the honour to inform you that on the
Sir Goiin't moming of the 25th instant, about seven o'clock, the
l>wi**oh. jjiiggian force which has been, as I already reported, for
some time amongst the hills on our right front, de-
bouched into the open ground in front of the redoubts
Nos. 1, 2, and S, which were occupied by Turkish
infantry and artillery, and armed with seven 12-pounder8
(iron). The enemy's force consisted of eighteen or nine-
teen battalions of infantry, from thirty to forty guns, and
a large body of cavalry. The attack was made against
No. 1 redoubt by a cloud of skirmishers, supported by
eight battalions of infantry and sixteen guns. The
Turkish troops in No. 1 persisted as long as they could
and then retired, and they suffered considerable loss in
their retreat. This attack was followed by the successive
abandonment of Nos. 2, S, and 4 redoubts by the Turks,
as well as of the other posts held by them in our front.
The guns, however, in Nos. 2, 8, and 4 were spiked.
The garrisons of these redoubts retired, and sope of
them formed on the right, and some on the left flank of
the 9Srd Highlanders, which was posted in front of No.
4 battery and the village of Kadidoi. When the enemy
bad taken possession of these redoubts, their artillery
advanced with a large mass of cavalry, and their guns
ranged to the 93rd Highlanders, which with a hundred

■ii fci*\« — to»i» ,

r^-K '««»4ep|iH«H«M:MAs'&<*ad»ibM>aiaurv»feui«fiiit;ibu^i

i^wTiiimi «

93bd butherlakd Highlanders.

121

inyalids irnder Lieutenant-Colonel Daveney in support. Battle of

occupied very insufficiently, from the smallness of their

numbers, the slightly rising ground in front of No. 4 ^®*** ^
battery. As I found that round shot and shell began to DespatolL
cause some casualties among the 98rd Highlanders and
the Turkish battalions on their right and left flank, I
made them retire a few paces behind the crest of the hill.
During this period our batteries on the hUls manned by
the Boyal Marine Artillery and the Boyal Marines, made
most excellent practice on the enemy*8 cavalry, which
came over the hill ground in front. One body of them,
amounting to about four hundred men, turned to their
left, separating themselves from those who attacked Lord
Lucan*s division, and charged the 98rd Highlanders,
who immediately advanced to the crest of the hill and
opened their fire, which forced the Bussian cavalry to
give way and turn to their left, after which they made an
attempt to turn the right flank of the 9Srd, having
observed the flight of the Turks who were placed there,
upon which the Grenadiers of the 9Srd, under Capttun
Boss, were wheeled up to their right, and fired on the
enemy, which manoeuvre completely discomfited them.

'* During the rest of the day the troops under my
command received no further molestation from the
BuBsians. I beg to call Lord Baglan's attention to the
gallantry and eagerness of the 98rd Highlanders, under
Lieutenant-Colonel Ainslie, of which probably his lord-
ship was an eye-witness, as also the admirable conduct
of Captain Barker, and the officers of the field battery
under his orders, who made most excellent practice
against the Bussian cavalry and artillery while within
range.

'' I have, etc.,
(Signed) ' ** CouM Campbell,

" Major-General.'*

:.Mm..*m. ...>-^■--^^. XI ri^j . -. ..- -.^^ — Tf-'-«-i-r»f--i - .•

• '*i««it'*.*'.-f -'^f - ii .•»'«.'**c;*4^K<ft'i, WW ,» ■ » fci».^v

122 HISTORICAL REOOBDS OF THB

BniUe of In describing the part taken by the 98rd in the battle
— of Baladava, Einglake says, '' The Bussian squadrons
^^^ had come within long musketry range. The High-
landers and the men alongside them delivered their fire ;
and although they emptied no saddles^ they wounded
some horses and' men.* The horsemen thus met aban-
doned at once their advance upon Campbell's front, and
wheeled to their left as though undertaking to turn his
right flank* Sir Colin turned to his aide-de-camp, and,
speaking of the officer who led the Bussian squadrons,
said, ' Shadwell, that man understands his business.' To
meet his assailant's change of direction, Campbell caused
the Grenadier company of the 98rd, under Captain Boss,
to bring the left shoulder forward, and show a front
towards the north-east.

'' Stopped at once by this ready manoduvre and the
fire that it brought on their flank, the horsemen wheeled
again to their left and retreated. They retreated together
but not in good order, and the fire of our artillery
increased their confusion.

** Thus was easily brought to an end the advance of
those four hundred horsemen who had found themselves,'
during a moment, in the front of a Highland battalion."

The following is a copy of a general order by Lord
Baglan, dated 29th of October, 1864 ;—

" The Commander of the Forces feels deeply indebted
to Major-General Sir Colin Campbell for his able and
persevering exertions in the action in front of Balaclava
on the 25th instant; and he has great pleasure in

* ''Communications from the Russian ofiBceri to ours.* But
Major-General C. H. Gordon says that he iaw two middles tmpiied
besides many clinging wounded to their horses. The Russian caTalry
ouly wheekd to their left when within one hundred and fifty yards of
theOard.

IW"Hi^

■«■■■

^^="^^

- r- T 1 ^ I afji f'\ Tr -

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDER&

publishing to the anny the brilliant manner in which
the 98rd Highlanders, under his able directions, repulsed
the enemy's cavalry. The Major-General had such
confidence in this distinguished regiment that he was
satisfied that it should receive the charge in line, and
the result proved that his confidence was not misplaced/'

The casualties in the 98rd at the battle of Balaclava
only amounted to two men wounded. One of these.
Private Charles McKay, lost his leg below the knee by a
round shot, the other received a contusion.

The morning of the 26th of October showed the
Bussian force still in the same positions they had held
the previous evening, and as another attack was momen-
tarily to be apprehended, Sir Colin commenced intrench-
ing and strengthening that occupied by the Highland
brigade, Marines, and Turks in front of Balaclava,
which the large force of the enemy, whose pickets were
little more than a mile in his front, rendered a very
precarious one.

The duties then became very harassing, constant
fatigue parties from daylight to sunset on the intrench-
ments. And at night the whole regiment remained
fully accoutred, one-half being outside in the trenches,
and the remainder in their tents, each man with his
firelock beside him. As false alarms were frequent, the
regiment was often under arms two and even three times
during the night.

About the 28th, Nos. 2 and 8 companies were sent
to the heights under Captain Cornwall, and placed in
reserve in rear of the 79th Highlanders.

The weather, which up to this period had been
extremely fine, now broke — the rains were heavy and
incessant. Few knapsacks had been as yet received,
the clothing the men wore was rapidly falling to rags,
and such as it was — from the heavy fatigues the

123

Bala-

CLATA.
ISM.

124 HISTOBIOAL BEOOBDS OF THE

BAI.A. men tmderwent, and from their lying out all night in

the open trenches, was saturated with wet and mud,

I85i. ^thout the means of getting it either changed or dried.
Indeed, the inside of the single bell tents, to each of
which fourteen men were apportioned, afforded from
their worn and tattered state, little or no shelter from
wind or rain, and were, like the rest of the camp, ankle
deep in mud.*
Battle of On the morning of the 6th of November, the Russian
inkennan. ^Qii^jj^g Were observed in motion shortly after daylight ;
they presently threw out a line of skirmishers, covered
by whom their leading regiments advanced towards the
position at Balaclava. An attack appeared imminent.

The troops got under arms and a few shots were fired

from the battery No. 4, on the right rear of the 93rd,.

which caused the enemy to halt and retire out of range.

Heavy firing was now heard towards Sebastopol, and

news presently arrived that the English right, above

Inkennan, had been attacked in great force, and it was

evident General Liprandi only waited the result of this

attack to advance and assault Sir Colin Campbell's

intrenchments. News of its failure, however, was re-

ceived at Balaclava about 2 p.m., and shortly afterwards

General Liprandi*s corps d^armee, none of whom had

been detached to assist in the operations at Inkennan,

resumed their old position on the heights and in the

redoubts.

Biana of On the 14th of November Balaclava was visited by a

14th Not. ^^^ severe hurricane of rain and wind of such violence

as to destroy trees of a large size, unroof the houses, and

level every tent in camp with the ground, causing many

wrecks among the shipping outside, as well as within

the harbour. This gale continued until after nightfall,

* Until the 30th of Noyember some ofiBoen and i^en had only the
clothes they landed In on the 14th of September.

v. Lir'i^'H'^ u i* i l n il» ^^^ l rr- " i i — ' ^-~ --^^s. *^ *■ ■ *' * * — *-» ■«. ■ iffikaB :' ttrt — ^

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 125

and as no tents conld withstand its yiolenee, both Bil&.
officers and men passed the night exposed to its fory * "*^^^
without any kind of shelter beyond what the lee side of ^^^
the trench might afford.

Shortly after this date some of the companies re*
ceiyed their knapsackSy and some of the officers their
baggage, which, it will be remembered they had left on
board the transports when they landed in the Crimea,
the officers only taking with them what they were able
to carry on their own persons.

From this period till the 6th of December (when in
consequence of the river swelling from the rain. General
Liprandi*s force burnt their huts and retired across the
Tchemaya), the regiment continued to give heavy fatigue
parties by day, and likewise to furnish half their number
by night to guard the intrenchments, which day by day
became more defensible. These fatigue duties consisted
of large parties in the intrenchments, as well as for
loading and carrying shot and shell to the first depdt
from Balaclava, which though a distance of not more
than four miles, the state of the roads and of the country,
rendered of a very harassing nature. The weather was
also extremely bad, constant and heavy rains, with
occasional frost at night. Most of the camp kettles
being lost or destroyed, each man had only his small
canteen in which to cook his meal . of salt rations, and
this food (no vegetables or lime juice being procurable),
together with the constant exposure to the wet, and the
want of good and sufficient shoes and clothing, began to
tell seriously on the health of the troops, rendering
fever, scorbutic affections, dysentery, etc., extremely
prevalent and fatal.

On the 2nd of December a draft of two officers
(Lieutenants Ball and Eirby), one sergeant, two corporals,
and thirty-eight rank and file, joined the head-quarters,

; Utt^'.L^;^'..wiii>^^ ^>r«.- ■■»rf^1ii^^.l.^«■ .^^ ... , .,^>.^^^ ^ >.>- - L . ,^ .^ ^ -iVritfL I t f . ii

126 HISTOBICAL BEC0RD8 OF THE

OLATA.

1854.

Bala- and on the 26th Ensign McBean, urith the detachment
of inyalids, baggage, ponies, eto., from Yama also
joined.

185S. Daring January and February the regiment con-

tinued to furnish *' fatigues '' of every available man
daily, to carry either shot to the first depdt, or biscuits
to that in rear of the Commander-in-Chiefs house, and
as the enemy's Cossack videttes stiU held the heights in
front, strong pickets and guards were continued by
night. About the middle of January, the wooden huts
which had commenced to arrive from England were
issued to the regiment, and such time as could be spared
was employed in their conveyance from Balaclava.

On the 16th of February Lieutenant Eirby died of
fevers

On the 18th a draft consisting of one officer (Lieu-
tenant Grimston) one corporal, and fifty-three rank and

Bfloon- file joined head-quarters. Orders were received on the
of t£? evening of the 19th to prepare three days' provisions,

^^'^^ and on the morning of the 20th, at half -past one, in a
heavy fall of sleet and rain, the brigade, consisting of
the 42nd, 71st, 79th, and 98rd, under Sir Colin Campbell,
accompanied by a battery of artillery and the remains
of the light and heavy cavalry, moved out towards the
enemy's position at Tchorgoum. Thus favoured by the
inclemency of the weather they passed the Cossack
pickets before they were perceived by them, and mounted
the heights above the village and ford some three miles
from the intrenchments, before the battalions of the
enemy occupying the village were aware of their approach.
The snow which had fallen during the night was suc-
ceeded at daybreak by an extremely hard frost and
bitterly cold wind, which had prevented a considerable
force of the French (who, it had been arranged were to
have attacked this position at daylight, advancing along

-" .^- .i. T'l i. r--^— r f ■■ ^— - ' " " «*i<f*«iiri>>^i* i r irtrnirt i i fa«T ■ l i i n I

93rd SUTnERLAXD HIGHLANDERS. 127

the yalley of the Tchemaya) from moving out» and Rmou-
although the unexpected appearance of the force under of Tcfaor-
Sir Colin had caused a considerable panic, and some *^"^
confusion among the enemy, the non-appearance of the ^^^
French frustrated the intended attack, and the brigade
returned to their positions, having been for many hours
exposed to one of the severest nights of the season**

As they were returning, the brigade of General
Yinoy was seen moving out to cover their retreat. The
gallant general having felt much anxiety for their safety,
when he noticed the small force (only some 2000 men)
so far in advance of their position.

Sir Colin Campbell subsequently received a note
from Lord Baglan, with an extract of a despatch from
Lord Panmure, referring to this reconnaissance f : ^' I
have great pleasure in sending you the extract of a
despatch from Lord Panmure, having reference to the
movements of the troops on the 20th of February ; and it
is no little satisfaction to me to see that the punctuality
and precision with which the movements of the troops
under your command were conducted on the morning of
the 20th of February have attracted the attention of Her
Majesty's Government, and been viewed by Her Majesty
with the most gracious approval." The extract was:
** I have likewise to notice the proposed expedition on the
20th ultimo, and it is deeply to be regretted that a plan
so well conceived should have unfortunately been frus-
trated by the sudden and severe snowstorm which set in
at the time. The soldier-like precision and punctuality
with which Lieutenant-General Sir Colin Campbell and

* An aide-de-camp had been tent to 3r Colin from Marshal
Canrobert,to ask him not to start, bat lost his way in the fearful
storm.

t From Lieutenant-General Shadwell's " Life of Colin Campbell,
Lord Clyde."

■ » m— I irfifcCOi^t

f Jilteiarniir iTtJlTt

■I Itt^irmi f '

.!*■■» mrt i»rAir**ft iftfirf' *^ w ■» •■»■

MMakaMMki*n>i<to ,

128

HISTOKIGAL BEGOBDS OF THE

189S.

Beoon- the troops under his command executed their part in
ofTehor. the intended plan of operations^ as well as the able
f°^ manner in which he retired when he found that it was
abortive^ have merited the warmest admiration; and I
have received Her Majesty's commands to express to yon
her approval of this gallant officer's skill and energy.
The voluntary advance of General Yinoy in support of
Sir Colin Campbell's retrograde movement, though not
required, exhibits the spirit of cordiality which exists
between the allies, and is extremely gratifying."

By the end of February the whole regiment occupied
huts. This added most materially to the health and
comfort of the men.

About the 9th of March, Major J. A. Ewart, who had
rejoined on promotion (from Deputy-Assistant-Quarter-
Master-General), proceeded to the heights and took com-
mand of Captain Cornwall's detachment.

By authority, dated Horse Guards, 19th of March,
1855, the regiment was augmented as follows :

In Crimea

^ Malu

At Home

Total ...

I
I

4
4

1
1

8
6
2

14
8

6
4
4

6
1
2

50
26
26

100

21
10
10

50
25
25

100

950
475
475

1900

Sxpedl* On the Ist of May a sudden order was received to
Kert^ prepare for immediate embarkation, but no destination
was mentioned, and on the morning of the 8rd the 9Srd
embarked ; the right wing and head quarters under
Lieutenant-Colonel Ainslie in Her Majesty's steamer
Sphynx, the left wing, under Major C. H. Gordon, in
Her Majesty's steamer Nemoun.

■» 1 1 -^.

c_ r.i V— -- ■*■ • " '■ " " ■ i^» * '»'"M * tf . ""'- ' ""* 'i' ^' . w tr»i *Mu>A^-^'^> ,*.-—

93BD 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLANDEB& 129

This expedition consisted of t&e Highland brigade isss.
(42nd9 Tlst, and 98rd) and two companies of the Bifle
brigade^ under Brigadier-General Cameron, and two
batteries of artillery, the whole under Major-General Sir
George Brown, accompanied by a large force of the
French.

It turned out that they were ordered to rendezvous
some twelve miles south of Eertch. The various French
and British men-of-war beg&n to assemble at the ap-
pointed rendezvous on the morning of the 6th, but shortly
after their arrival, to the great disappointment of the
troops, the expedition was countermanded, owing to
orders emanating from the French Commander-in-Chief.
They accordingly returned, and the 9Srd arrived and
disembarked at Balaclava on the 8th', and proceeded to
occupy its old position.

On the morning of the 22nd of May, however, the |^^
regiment again embarked, the right wing as before on tkm to
board the Sphynx, and the left wing this time in Her ^"**'
Majesty's steamer StromboU, the strength of the regiment
being as follows—

Field-officers, 8 ; captains, 7 ; subalterns, 6 ; staff, 8 ;
sergeants, 81 ; drummers, 11 ; corporals, 26 ; privates,
460.

This expedition, destined for Eertch and the Straits
of Tenikale, at the entrance to the Sea of Azov,- was com-
posed of the 42nd, 71si, 79th and 98rd, a battalion of
marines, two batteries of artillery, fifty sappers and
miners, and fifty of the 8th Hussars, in all some 8800
men, under Major-General Sir George Browne, accom-
panied by about 7600 French under General D'Auie-
marre, and 6000 Turks under Beschid Pasha.

With a view to deceive the Russians, the expedition
sailed in the first instance towards Sebastopol, and lay to
off that place on the night of the 22nd. At four o'clock

><!(■■«. ■ A tt I t.TI- . P..^..-^-«^ . ' • rt_

1895.

130 HISTOBIOAL BECOBDS OF THB

Expedi- on the morning of the 23rd the expedition returned quietly
Kertch V^^ Balaclaya, and steamed onwards towards Eertoh.

"kJcT*" ^*^^y ^^ *^® morning of the 24th the expedition
was off Cape Takli, and preparations were made for
landing. Covered by the fire from the gunboats, on
the Russian battery of Pavlovskaya, the allied troops
commenced their disembarkation on the beach, under the
cliff of Ambalakiy in a little bay between Eamish Point
and the battery above named, which commanded the
entrance of the Straits of Eertch. Each man landed
with two days' provisions ready cooked. The brigade
commenced their advance inland over a plain covered
with long grass, meeting with no opposition from the
enemy, a small force of whom, accompanied by two guns,
were visible for some time in their front, but retired on
their nearer approach. From noon till sundown heavy
explosions announced that the Russians, outflanked by ;
this landing were abandoning, their batteries commanding
the Straits of Eertch and entrance to the Sea of Azov.
On May 25th, the town of Eertch surrendered.* From ..
there, after an extremely harassing and rapid march of
some fourteen miles, the force arrived between two and
three p.m. at Yenikale, finding no enemy in possession,
the batteries abandoned and magazine blown up, as
those at and in the neighbourhood of Eertch had been.
On this expedition one hundred and seven guns were
captured as well as prodigious quantities of grain,
munitions of war, wood, stores, and military equipments.
On the 26th the tents and baggage of the officers having
been disembarked, the brigade encamped. They then
began to repair the old lines of defence on the land side

* The troops halted and piled arms in the streets. The inhabi-
tants were at first mnch alarmed, but on seeing that the British were
held in strict discipline, they came out of tbeir houses with refresh-
ments, and were friendly and hospitableu

93rd sijtheblakd highlandebs. 131

of the fortress, as ^ell as to throw up a very strong line isss.
of intrenchments across the promontory on which the
fort is situated^ and on these works every available man
was employed until the 9th of Jmie, when the intrench-
ments being completed, the brigade was ordered to
re-embark and to return to Balaclava, Anapa having
in the meantime been blown up by the Russians. The
71st Highlanders remained at Tenikale.

On the 8rd of June a draft consisting of one officer
(Lieutenant Butter), one sergeant, one corporal, and forty-
nine rank and file arrived in the Crimea.

On the ISth of June Lieutenant James Wemyss died
of cholera on passage to Scutari.

On the 12th of June the 98rd embarked in Her
Majesty's ship Terrible, and landed at Balaclava on the
14th, remaining at their old station in front of that place
until the 16th, when the whole of the 1st division, con-
sisting of the Grenadier Guards, Coldstream Guards, Scots
Fusilier Guards, 42nd, 72nd, 79th and 98rd Highlanders,
moved to a position on the heights before Sebastopol, and
encamped about a mile from the British head-quarters.

On the 16th of June Ensign Stirling, one sergeant
and thirty rank and file joined the head-quarters.

On the 18th of June the first grand assault upon Theflnl
Sebastopol took place, the 2nd and light divisions being gaUito-
told off to storm the Bedan (with a portion of the 4th ^j^^
division) whilst a brigade of the 8rd division was to make
a diversion by attacking the cemetery in front of the
left attack. The 1st division was placed in reserve in
rear of the right attack, and early in the morning (of the
18th) the Guards and Highlanders, under command
of Sir Colin CampbeU, took up a position dose to the
\7oronzoff road, and in, rear of the twenty-one gun
battery, remaining there until the afternoon, ready to
act as circumstances might require ; but the assault not

T<n-^* »^ "■'"^ ■ ^ 1 •t''^'V"^-tf''i"--ytf* '* !* lii l^ rf¥> ii> n>f -ni-t» ii^ ' i Ti h '-*^- i»^ r--n i -m—^-r ' - i r'i*-i » ■H i^ ^n r o 'i rt » ,> ' > , ^ »« ' 7 wJ x n i L.

132 HISTOBICAL RECOBDS OF THB

1855. haTing proved successfol, the division returned to their
camp, and the same evening the Guards and Highlanders
furnished the whole of the duties of the right attack.

From the 18th of June to the 28rd of August the
duties in the trenches of the right attack were entirely
furnished by the Ist, 2nd9 and light divisions alternately,
and during this period the 98rd experienced a loss of six
killed and fifty-seven woundedi several of the latter
dying of their woimds.

On the 28th of June, Lieutenant-Colonel Ainslie pro-
ceeded on sick leave, and Major J. A. Ewart assumed
command.

On the 11th of July a draft of one sergeant and nine-
teen rank and file joined, and on the 14th of July another
draft consisting of six officers (Lieutenants Gayhills, E.
Welch, E. H. D. Macpherson, Nightingale, Hyslop, and
Alexander), one sergeant, and forty rank and file, joined
the regiment.

On the 14th of July Lieutenant-Colonel Ainslie
rejoined.

On the night of the 6th of August, Brevet-Major
J. Anstruther MacGowan was unfortunately severely
wounded and taken prisoner whilst visiting some sentries
posted in front of the advanced trench, right attack.
Beporting this occurrence to the Secretary of State for
War, in a despatch dated August 11th, General Simpson,
the Commander-in-Chief, says: — '^ Brevet-Major Mac-
Gowan, of the 98rd, is supposed to have fallen a prisoner
into the hands of the enemy. I have caused a letter to
be addressed to the Governor of the place to ascertain
his fate, but up to this time I have received no answer." *

* Extract from despatch of General Simpson to Lord Panmuie,
dated, ^before Sebastopol, August 21st, 1855. Major MacGowan,
93rd Highlanders, who was reported by me as missing, in my despatch
of the 11th of August, I have unoe ascertained was attacked whilst

— *^ ..». ^« >.- ' ->■> « ^^^Ki i r lMi^|ii ^ i«4i 1 t^fc,M j "•• -^M , . «t j>^.— I l^»f . , , ^>^.^^j«- -ly.M .A*<y— ij,*^ ^ , -.■.^^jA-|f-«T^.^^^^-,t^.^.%-.^».. ^..

93BI) 8UTHERLAND HIGHLAKDEB& 183

And, indeed, it vtm not until some months afterwards 185&
that it was ascertained he had died of his wounds on the
14th of August.

On the 16th of August, the battle of the Tchemaya
(sometimes called Traktir) was fought between the
French, a portion of the Sardinians, and the Russians.
On this occasion the Highland brigade was held ready
to move if necessary to the assistance of the allies ; their
services were not, however, required.

On the 17th of August, Lieutenant-Colonel Ainslie
again proceeded on sick leave, and Lieutenant-Colonel
Leith-Hay took command.

On the 28rd of August the whole of the Highland Kamaea.
brigade moved from the heights before Sebastopol to a
position near the village of Eamara, where it encamped
ready to support the Sardinians in the event of their
being again attacked. As reported by General Simp-
son to the Secretary of State for War in his despatch,
dated August 28th, from which the following is an ex-
tract — *' Since the attempt of the enemy to force the
passage of the Tchemaya, on the 16th instant, no move-
ment of aggression has taken place ; but all the accounts
I have received tend to show a disposition on their pari
to renew the attack. I have considered it necessary to
send the Highland division, composed of the 42iid,
72nd, 79th, and 98rd regiments, under the command of
Lieutenant-Oeneral Sir Colin Campbell, to reinforce

posting his sentries in advance of the trenches, wounded severely, and
made prisoner.**

Lieutenant-General Ewart mentions, in his book, that in April,
1856, a Russian medical officer paid a visit to the 93rd, and remidned
for a day or twa He turned out to be the doctor who had attended
Major MacCrowan when he was taken prisoner, and said that after four
days he had sent Major MacGowan ifoross to the north side; be
believed that he was then sent on to Simpheropoi The wound was
said to be a very bad one In the groin.

,fi^ggii^i0^^a^tii^^jimt^i^*§im^kiJHittmimJiKi^tdtia0Htu^4'^0'^tBKt0aMmi^u *k ii 'w t»i<J^i<fa^**»^<**— fc * *■■»— ■■j j < *'iw .iii^ « »wi^ ifc TtfM i af i ie I ' ■ ■« T < W ' ^ ;

134 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THR

1855. our extreme right, and they are now encamped on the

slopes of the heights overhanging the village of

Eamara."

r|i|^ On the 8th of September the second grand assault

■«»nd at- tipon Sebastopol took place, and early on the morning of

Sebu- this day the Highland brigade, consisting of the 42nd,

^ 72nd, 79th, and 98rd marched from Eamara to their

old encampment on the heights before Sebastopol, where

the knapsacks and feather bonnets were deposited, and

the brigade then proceeded at once to the trenches of the

right attack, remaining in support during the assault, in

which, however, the Highlanders took no part, being

ordered to remain in the trenches, the storming parties

being furnished as on the 18th of June, by the 2nd and

light divisions.

The assault on the Bedan having again failed, the

Highland brigade was pushed on to occupy the advanced

trenches of the right attack, remaining there during

the night ready to repel any sortie that, might be

made.

ETAena- It ^&s the intention to again assault the Bedan upon

ta^ihM^ *^® ^^* *^® ^^" Highland regiments to form the storm-

of 8«^ ing party, but during the night of the 8th the Bussians

toDol br

the Rm- evacuated the south side of Sebastopol, and the brigade
in consequence returned to Eamara on the evening of
the 9th.

A circumstance . connected with the evacuation of
Sebastopol should here be mentioned.

About midnight, on the 8th, the Bussian fire having
previously ceased, and everything appearing unusually
quiet, Lieutenant McBean, the Adjutant of the 98rd,
left the advanced trench, and approaching the Bedan
was struck with the idea that it was deserted by the
Bussians, he accordingly gallantly volunteered to enter
it, which he accordingly did with a party of ten volunteers

Mil ii« n i>.-^»>i>ii j i ia nnj .. !, I ii.B.imt rt i» . ■ • ....... . .-■■■?■ . .^. , , ^ , ^ i m ftf M T

■i*! mt

9dRI) SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDER8. 135

of the light company 98rd, under Lieutenant Fenwick,* 1859.
and the same number of the 72nd, under an officer,
finding no one in the Redan but the dead and wounded
left after the assault. This party had a narrow escape,
as a short time afterwards an explosion in the Bedan
took place.

The loss of the 98rd, on the 8th of September, was
seven rank and file wounded.

The 92nd Highlanders arriving from Gibraltar, a FonDatioB

of A. Hicrh

Highland division was now formed, under the com- unddin.
mand of Sir Colin Campbell, the 1st brigade consisting "^^"^
of the 42nd, 79th, 92nd, and 98rd under Brigadier
Cameron ; the 2nd brigade, of the two battalions of the
Ist Royals, and the 72nd Highlanders, under Brigadier
Home.

Shortly after the fall of Sebastopol, Lieutenants
Tabuteau, Edward S. Wood, Gooch, Losack, and Greig
joined head-quarters, also one serjeant, two drummers,
and thirty-seven rank and file. Lieutenant Goldsmith
and Ensign Burgoyne joined in October, and subse*
quently (on the 11th of March, 1856) a draft from Malta
arrived, under the command of Captain Brown, with
Lieutenant Samuel E. Wood and Ensign Sergison.

In October, the Highland division was directed to
clear ground for erecting huts on the side of a hill sloping
down to a stream called the Yemutka, and whilst so
employed, received sudden orders to proceed to Eupatoria
to operate with the British and French cavalry on the
Russian rear. These orders, however, were no sooner

* The names or tboee who Tolunteered are given in " The Story of
a Soldier's Life.*' They were as follows—

Serjeant Archibald Crabtree.
Private Robert Brand.

M James Clark.

n Daniel Duncan.

u John Fraser.

Private Duncan McDonald.
„ Peter McKay.
„ William McKenxie.
M Angus Smith.
M John White.

^ . , f.j . rf^ri i rr[rnir i >ir— ff " t>^«"« "'^ ■■'^>A^ii^ ■I'Vinii'a rtti

n t i 0AJt ^i I. ^«i ^.tf > in'» itwjh>.

136

HISTOBIGAL BECORBS OF THB

Cbimka. received than countermanded^ in consequence of the
1855^ report of a serious attack being contemplated by the
Bussians.

For a considerable time afler the arrival of the
Highland regiments at Eamara, an attack from the
Russian army was expected ; none, however, took place,
and on the 9th of November the 98rd proceeded to occupy
their huts, remaining in them until their embarkation
for England on the 16th of June, 1856, after the declara-
tion of peace.

During the winter of 1855-6, the regiments were
employed erecting huts, making roads, draining their
camps, and latterly at brigade drills, and target practice
with the Enfield rifles (of 1858) which had been issued
to them on the 17th of September, 1855.

The health of the battalion was very good except for
a time in December, when cholera appeared.
1856. On the 25th of January, 1856, Colonel W. B. Ainslie
jl^eiit.- retired on half-pay, and Lieutenant-Colonel A. S.

Golood

lioith Haj Leith Hay succeeded him to the senior Lieutenant-
Colonelcy.

Peace with Bussia having been declared in March,
the allied army by degrees quitted the Crimea. The
98rd marched from Eamara to Eameich, and embarked
on board Her Majesty's ship Sidon for England.

Average duty strength ii

•

t three winter months.

3
2
8

7
8

10
8

7
5
5

Norember, 18.%4
December, 1854
Janttary, 1855

32
36
37

13
15
U

568
637
535

■^. .,.^ ,.^— ..^^-^..-^ iiiilTi ■iin'r' — - -■*—'-' -- ■! • "-' ■-«■■*'-■ . ~.*^^ ,v-. . ->-i

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDBB&

State of the sick during the winter of 1854-66.

MontbiL

Tlwtod.

Dhd.

PMTdllngDInMHL

October, 1854 . .
November, 1854 •
December, 1854 .
January, 1855 .
Februarj, 1855 . .
Maroh, 1855 . .

96
139
171
183
185
195

4
10
18
23
21
12

DiarrhoBa and Dysentery

Ditto

Diarrhcea and Scorbutus

Febris G.G. and Oatarrh ac.

Gatairh ao. Feb. Bemiti.

Total . .

969

The following regarding the burial places of the
officers of the 98rd is from '' The Story of a Soldier's
Life " :—

" Poor Banner, Ball, and Eirby of the 93rd lie side
by side in a vineyard dose to Eadekoi, and about one
mile from Balaclava; Uttle Wemyss died on his way
down to Scutari, and was buried in the Black Sea.
Macnish rests at Scutari, and Turner near Givrakla, in
Bulgaria. MacGowan must have been buried at Sim-
pheropol, and the gallant young Abercromby sleeps
near the spot where he so nobly fell when ascending the
heights of Alma."

Extract. — Numerical Betum of Casualties from evening
of 18th of June to the 21st of June, 1866, inclu*
sive : •

98rd. 6 Bank and file wounded.

SlighUy.

Ditta

Severely.

Sligbtly.

Severely.

Slightly.

Namcs.

2964 PHvate William Dugind

3290

Andrew Goff

3373

Findlay McKenzle

2234

John McRinnon .

2596

Duncan Munro

3292

Jobu Murdoch

137

1854-5.

* From the Iofi(2o» Qasuik,

.- -» - . .

-^" 'fTf^-'^^'^-^^jf*^'-' • -\'^-'—^ '- y-^^---" -i •-- -- -.-^^^ -1 1- - -"^ I ir m-' ih riBiJi I .

'*. m •^mm

138

HISTORICAL BECX)RDS OF THR

KiUed.

Cbdika. From 22nd of June to 24th inclosive : —
'1855. 93rd. 1 rank and file killed, 2 rank and file

wounded.

NAMliL

d066 Prirate George Green
(On 2did of June)

Wounded.
d082 Private Thomas McLusky .
8531 ^ Samuel Mortimer •

From 25th to 28th of June :—
93rd, 2 rank and file wounded.

Severely.
Ditta

8470 Private Edward Foal
2697 .. Donald McFadden

SligbUy.
Ditto.

From 29th of June to Ist of July : —
93rd. 3 rank and file wounded.

NAHBfl.

3231 Private George Boas .
8256 „ Alexander Blackhall
2439 M JohnMcNab.

Severely.
Slightly.
Ditta

From 2nd of July to 5th : —

98rd. 1 rank and file killed; 1 piper, 4 rank and
file wounded.

KAMia

8221 Private Charles Gibeon

. Killed.

Wounded.

2423 Piper Angus McKay

Severely.

1340 Private John Chalmers .

Ditto.

8155 ff Alexander Agnew

. Ditto.

2731 „ William Hardy .

Ditto.

2100 M John McKay

. Ditto.

From 6th to 8th of July :—
93rd. 8 rank and file wounded.

Names.
2695 Private Alexander Dingwall •
8539 n JohnDowgall
8271 „ Hugh Winters

Severely.
* Dangerously.
Dangerously.

. ,jj..>-t ■'■ ^' ■■ ■■! r«i '«' iii*^ III Minl.jaukd^^i.mJ»^

MMttiWlAilki

Mfcintwi ifciKi

MblMbiAMriUMM

-J

93bD SUTHERLAND HIGHIiANDBR&

From 9th to 12th of July :—
No mention of 98rd.
From 18th to 16th of July :—
98rd. 2 rank and file wounded;

Names.

2036 Corporal John Forbes
1778 Private John Fulton •

From 16th to 19th of July :—
98rd. 2 rank and file wounded.

Sererely.
Slightly.

2615 Corporal James Kiddie
8159 Private WiUUm CampbeU

From 20th to 22nd of July :—
98rd. 2 rank and file wounded.

Naves.

1776 Private James Patterson
3175 M James Fairlee

Severely.
SlighUy.

From 23rd to 26th of July : —

No mention of 98rd.

From 27th to 29th of July :—

98rd. 1 rank and file killed; 2 rank and

wounded.

Naves.

1809 Private John Kennedy

139

GsniiA.
185S.

file

Killed.

1852
2923

WOUKDED.

Robert Baxter
Alexander Ross •

SlighUy.
Severely.

From 80th of July to 2nd of August : —
No mention of 93rd.
From 8rd to 5th of August : —
No mention of 98rd.
From 6th to 9th of August : —
98rd. 2 rank and file killed ; 1 sergeant, 1 rank and
file wounded ; 1 officer missing.

I . I i rfi -" "-- 1 1 "ir i rt i m fti l i 'rfrtHn i r , --nr — ^ -'^-'-■•■^'^--•' '-""^ •■■ >i-.. -»■,.# «

*J .'»— I »w

140

HISTORICAL BECOBBB OF THE

18M-5.

KAMliL

3072 Private James Weddenpoon .
2734 „ Donald Fnser .

WOUNDEDI.

2326 Seijeani John McDonald
2788 Private Alexander Barclaj

Killed.
KUled.

SUghtly.
8eyerelj.

M188IKO.

Brevet-Major J. A. MacGowan, suppoeed to have figdlen
into the hande of the enemy.

From 10th to 12th of August :—
No mention of 98rd.
From 18th to 16th of Augnst :—
98rd« 6 rank and file wounded.

Naves.

2178 Private David Roes .

Severely.

2062 M William Tbompeon

Severely.

8216 ^ HughMcLarty

Dangerously.

3465 M James Salmond •

SlighUy.

3160 M William Urquhart •

• Dangeronsly*

3097 „ JohnMoodie

Severely.

From 17th to 19th of August :—
93rd* 6 rank and file wounded.

Names.

2407 Private Edwaid Neil
3684 „ JohnLdtch
3299 ^ Peter Cathro .
8287 „ Thomas Middleton
3265 M Thomas OrifBu

Slightly.
Slightly.
SlighUy.
Severely.
Slightiy.

From 20th to 28rd of August :—
98rd. 2 rank and file killed ; 6 rank and file
wounded*

Names.

2795 Private James Ferguson
2689 n Peter Finlayson •

v^KUled 22nd
/ of Aagust

Ti- i r* ^f-"' '•■■ ^ ■ ' ■• ' ■■■" Kni M' li rf i tfuyr^hil i fcfW^H

93rd BUTHEBLAND mGHLANDSBS. 141

WODUDSD.

3196

John MoCuUoch

« Slightiy.

2994

Sereralj.

2686

Bod«rick Matheaon •

. Sliglitly.

8146

Heniy Jamtt

Severelj.

2906

John Bun

Severely.

18U-6.

Nominal retoin of men of the 98rd wonnded in the
assault on Sebastopol, 8th of September, 1855.

1827 Corporal John Masrie

Severely.

1615 PriTata

Jamoi Cobb

Severely.

2333 n

John Galloway

Severely.

3386 «

Jamei McGam

Severely.

2640 n

Donald McRae

. Slightly.

1906 „

Andrew Walker

SlighUy.

2634 „

Robert Walker

. Slightly.

List of soldiers of the 93rd Highlanders who received
the distinguished conduct medals and gratuities for
service in the Crimea * : —

No. 726 Drum-Major Heotor McPherson £16 gratuity.
„ 3075 Corporal Archibald Irelaod 10 „

» 1784

WillUm Sinclair

„ 1864

9»

John Ritchie

„ 1976

David Laing

„ 837 Priv»t«

James Walker

„ 848

John McHardy

« ««l

F. McLeay

„ 914

Alexander Fletcher

» 990

•f

Alexander Bote

n 1010

A. Drummond

n 1118

Duncan MoTavish

„ 1646

Joi. Toung

» 1668

James Gow

„ 1066

Alexander Munro

■

* Instituted by Royal Warrant of the 4th of December, 1864, and
was confined to the army engaged in this war. The existing dis>
tinguished conduct medal (1882, without annuity or gratuity) was
instituted by the Royal Warrant of the 30th of September, 186^
having no retrospective effect

.7 ^ W i—aAlMfciKiMaBMi^fcaJii^ha^m ^Ai— *— ^Mii ■ nrm, fit,***, «... j ><.«^ *.>>«..<»%. ^^. < -l^ .. ■,a ^^ .^^ ,^

142 HISTOBICAL BEC0BD8 OF THS

Obzxxi. The under-mentioned non-commissioned officers and
1854^^ soldiers were selected to receive the French war

medal * : —

Na 2068 Colour-Sergeant Alexander Knox.

„ 2664 Sergeant Archibald Orabtree.

M 2073 Lanoe-Corporal William McKenzie.

M 1214 Private John Leslie.

„ 3180 n Peter McKay.

„ 2036 n JohnForbea.

„ 1169 „ James Davidson.

Golonr-Sergeant Alexander Enox received also the
Cross of the Legion of Honour.

The following interesting particulars concerning the
non-commissioned officers who filled the important
position of staff-sergeants in the regiment during the
Crimean war, have been kindly supplied by Captain
Harry Macleod for the purpose of this work f : —

" Sergeant-Major James Taylor (formerly colour-ser-
geant of the Grenadier company) remained with the
regiment till it landed in the Crimea on the 14th of
September, 1855, went back sick on board ship the next
day, and home to the depdt, where he was invalided
and obtained a pension. He afterwards emigrated to

* The following are the rules in connection with the French war
medal, and Legion of Honour. The military medal is given to
private soldiers, non-commissioned ofiBcers and to marshals of France,
and carries with it pay of 100 francs a year. The medal is not given
to naval or military ofiBcers; they become knights of the Legion of
Honour, which gives them 250 francs a year. The same decoration
given in the civil service, or to civilians, is honorary. An ofiBoer who
has risen from the ranks can wear the medal and the cross ; they are
only withdrawn as a disgrace, but pensions cannot be drawn for
both. A soldier or an ofiBoer who retires without having gained hit
pension, may wear his decorations, and is entitled until his death
to draw either 100 francs or 260 francs, according to whether he haa
the medal or the cross.

t Communicated to me in a letter dated January dOth, 1882.—
B.H.B.

.^. > i< n iii > i gm i i^ K i i i,i>fci ta . M i »i ifc^n ■4S tT i > « M . * ili*iUl « ' tj ii* t.*iii> « Mi M idi - ir i i ' lalfc ■■Wi».»jy<^<fa^^iM^^^>^<MA3

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDEB8. 143

Canada. He vtab succeeded as sergeant-major by Colour- OraoA.
Sergeant Andrew Bennie, who died of cholera in the isu-e.
camp before Sebastopol. Colour-Sergeant Donald Mur-
ray then became sergeant-major, and was killed at the
relief of Lucknow.

" Quarter-Master-Sergeant Adam Mackay, well edu-
catedi and a man of high character, had obtained an
annuity of £18 a year before the regiment went out to
the Crimea, completed twenty-one years' service in 1855,
when he went home from Balaclava, and was discharged
to pension. He afterwards held an important appoint-
ment at Greenock, where he died three years ago. He
was a brother of Lieutenant and Adjutant Mackay of the
5th Fusiliers, who was shot by a man of the same regi-
ment. Colour-Sergeant John Joyner,* of the Grenadier
company, succeeded him, and was promoted to be quar*
ter-master, subsequently became paymaster. Sergeant
William Forbes was the next quarter- master-sergeant ;
he obtained a commission as ensign in 1859, and died in
India.

" Paymaster-Sergeant William McBobert landed with
the regiment in the Crimea, went on board ship sick;
the following day, home to the depot and discharged to
pension in 1855. Since dead. He was succeeded by
Sergeant Harry Macleod, who subsequently became
quarter-master.

'^ Orderly-Boom-Clerk Donald Williamson obtained
the distinguished service reward of £20 a year, went
home in 1855, and was discharged to pension. He emi-

grated to Canada. After him Sergeant John McLaren
became orderly-room clerk. He died at Jhansi, Central
India.

"Hospital-Sergeant A. Sutherland died after the
regiment came home."

* Spelt Joiner for many yean.

■ - .L^.. ^ , ^ 1 r i <— iitT*'¥ i '^ 'iryif!i ■! m M i i i fmif' i w Irt' 1 1< i T ■ •H ii imtoriffc * an i VftM- i n ■ *flti

iW w Y«rili|t4it

144

HISTORICAL BECORBS OF THB

List of officers who embarked with the regiment for service in
the East on the 27th of February, 1854, and of those who
subsequently joined head-quarters in Turkey and the
Crimea: —

Ident-CoL
Kajor

Captain

•»

Bt..](ajor

H
M

lieutenant
ft

n
n
It
»i
>i
It

^tt

Ensign •

I*
Pftjmaitor

Qr.-MMter

Bnigeoo

Awt.-8nrgeoin

It
CoL«Sergeant

H
It

Captain

Snfgeon
liientenant

W. B Ainslie
R. M. Banner

A. 8. Leiih Hay
C. H. Gordon

J. A.Ewart

J. A. MaoGowaa

Colin MazweU
George Coomwan
Hon. A. M. Cathcart
W. O. A. Middleton
W. D. Maodonald
Janes Dalaell
F. W. Bnrronghs
W. G. D. Stewart
8. M. Clarice
E. 8. F. G. Dawson
W. L. Macniah

Wm. Turner
E. A. Stotherd
Robert Crowe
James Wemjss
R. Abercromby
C. W. MoDonald
W. S« Ewart
J. M. ClayhillB
Stephen Blake
Donald Sindair
J. R. Brosh, MJ>.
Wm. Sinclair
R* Mensies
W. H. Pollaid
Wm« MoBean
John Gordon
John Joiner
C. E. Blackett

R. A. Cooper
Wm« Hnnro*

E. A. Ball

F. R.Kirbj

Invalided home. •
Died at BalaolaTa, on 6th of
Ootober, '64

• • • a • a

Commanded depAt at Malta,
latterly

Died of wonnds, a prisoner of

war, 14/8/'56
Left the army in '66

To Grenadier Guards
Invalided . • • .

lUnkbeU

atdoMofths

fmptign.

Adjutant ....
Accidentally drowned at Scu-
tari
Died 12ih August, '64

Died 18th June, '66
Killed at Alma

To Grenadier Guards

Retired in 1866

Promoted to be Ensign .
Promoted to be Ensign
Promoted to be Quarter-master
Joined with draft at Aladyn.

To Coldstream Guards
Joined with draft at Aladyn
Joined on appointment
Joined with draft, 2/12/'64i

died 18th June, '66
Joined with draft, 2/lS/'64|

died 16th Feb., '66

Col. and C.B.

Lt.-CoL Cmg.
Mi^ and Bt.

Lt..CoL
Major and Bt.

Lt..CoL

Captain

Lieut-Colonel

Captain

Captain
Captain

Captain
Captain
Captain

}

Asst.-8ux)g.

Lieut. & Adjt.
Lieutenant
Qr.-Master
Captain

Lieutenant

,t !■■ >■ « ll M> W «

«..« V .iM'»iii*< « *i* wJ ♦i wr ^^ w i ^ ii»»,# r w i » * <i w

■I I f jT i H '" "" '-""■ *■ ■»■ tf*'

lipll ■!< i*f fii

93rd SUTHERLAND HIOHLANDER&

145

Rank.

Lieatenant

^»»

Snngn

Lieatenant

>»

ft
Iff
>i
»
ft

»
It
Iff

Ensign

Captain
Lieatenant

Ensign
Lieat.-Col.

R. y. 8. Grimston
Archibald Batter
H. C. Stirling
G. R. Fenwiok
Edward Welch
E. H. D. Macpherson
A. C. Kightingale
IC. W. Hj;slop
W. G. Alexander
A. O. Tabatean
E. 8. Wood
G. C. Gooch
C. W. Losack
George Greig
OliTer Goldsmith
R. G. H. Borgojne

J. M. Brown
S. E. Wood

0. W. Sergison
Htm, A. Hope

Bcmarks.

Rankhdd
•ftdoMoTtte

Joined with draft, 18th Feb^ '65
Joined with draft, 8cd Jnne, '66
Joined with draft, 15th Jane, '66
Transferred from 1st Rojals

Joined with draft, Uth of
Jnlj,'66

Joined from Malta, 10/'66*
Joined from Malta, 10/'66. In-
yalided home • •

[Joined with draft from Malta,
11th March, '66

Joined on appointment, 1856

Liont. (ante*
datedl6/8/'66)
Captain
Lieatenant

Lieatenant

Extracts from a letter from Lieatenant-General F. W* Gbiiiba.
Traill BorroughSi to the editor : — 185^

' * When Sir Colin rode down the front of the * thin
red line ' and called out to ub ' There is no retreat from
here, men, you mast die where you stand ! ' John Scott,
the right hand man of my company, No. 6 (to which I
had just been posted on promotion to captain), and other
men, shouted in reply, * Ay, ay. Sir Colin, and needs be
we'll do that ! ' * John Scott is now a street porter at
the comer, of Frederick Street and George Street in
Edinburgh.

** The Russian cavalry came to between one hundred
and fifty to two hundred yards of the 93rd (in my
opinion) before they sheered off. In Wolseley*s ' Soldier's
Pocket Book,' page 42, he calculates the rate of the
cavalry charge at about three himdred and fifty yards in

* This was at the time the Turks ran away.

.^^^- . ^'-v.-...'-- .f>.,^^.. ^.i*^--^.^j^..^««.^ •^■p.--.^tw-^->i^^>....-v.^-r....«w, L^. .> •■■- ^ . .^.. ^ .. ■: ,-, , | - |,, -- || I

\ I

146 HISTOBIOAL BECORDS OF THR

Omu. a minute. So that in about another half minute they
1856L would have been upon us had they not turned off.

'' I could not tell how many saddles were emptied,'
but for days and days after the battle the valley was
strewed with dead and wounded horses over the ground
the Russian cavalry had passed. And from our look-out
at No. 4 battery I often watched with a telescope the
Cossacks prowling over the battle ground near the re-
doubts captured by the Russians, and cutting off piles
of horse fle^h'and taking them back to camp with them.

** On the 12th of April, 1856, 1 started on horseback
with Colonel Leith Hay, Ewen Macpherson, Alexander,
and Major Montague, B.E., for Baktschiserai. We
passed through the Russian camps on the Mackenzie
heights, and on the rivers Belbek and Eascha. Scenery
peculiar. Plateaus in steppes. The Russians every-
where we found most civil and obliging. We arrived at
Baktschiserai about 4.30 p.m. We visited the palace of
the ancient khans of Crim Tartary ; also visited a mon-
astery, and the Jewish town of Dshufut Ealeh, about
a mile off, and there made the acquaintance of the
Jewish Rabbi, who spoke German, and showed us a
parchment scroll copy of the Bible * 1600 (?) years old.*
We were serenaded by the town band, who preceded as
everywhere, playing before us^ We visited the Jewish
burial ground, called by them the Valley of Jehosaphat.
A Russian officer kindly accompanied us and acted as
our guide.

" On the 18th Dr. Munro, Ewen Macpherson, Alex-
ander and I engaged a German interpreter and a 'telega *
and four and posted to Simpheropol, the capital of the
Crimea. We left our horses at Baktschiserai in charge
of my soldier servant, Patrick Dooly, who had accom-
panied us thus far. A * telega * is a conveyance on four

, >_.^ -M.JW > • ^»-* II II IllWJ MIU- ^'^ ' •^' I'll '****■

93rd sutheelakd Highlanders. 147

wheels, and not on springs. The passengers sit on Omou.
trasses of straw. Fonr horses were harnessed to it ^sH
.abreast. We started at 10 a.m. along a well laid out
but unoompleted macadamised road. Along it ran tele-
graph wires to Sebastopol and to St. Petersburg. We
crossed the river Alma near Almatschik, and found there
a Russian camp of some fifteen thousand men, not en-
trenched. We passed long trains of carts loaded with
provision and forage. Our Jehu drove furiously; crack-
ing his whip and shouting what sounded very like * Take-
care, take care ! ' driving every one out of our way and
causing the Russian soldiers we passed to jump to 'atten-
tion ' and come to the salute. We stopped at a roadside
inn to rest our horses and partook of some tea, for
which we were charged a franc a cup, by a pretty young
woman in national costume, very like that of the Swiss
peasantry. We arrived at Simpheropol about 1.80 p.m.
It is a modem looking town. Nearly every house in it
was fall of sick and wounded men. We visited some of
the hospitals, which Dr. Munro was anxious to inspect,
and found the patients pretty comfortably oared for and
nursed by sisters of charity. A large number of troops
is stationed here, and amongst them some of the Russian
Imperial Guard, very fine men. In the afternoon we
went to the public promenade, where a band was play-
ing, and the beau monde of Simpheropol were sunning
themselves. Not having seen a lady for about two years
we were much struck by again seeing ladies in the latest
fashions. Many Russian officers came and spoke to us,
some in French and some in German, and were most
polite and kind. We were the first British officers that
bad arrived at Simpheropol. We were asked to a tea
party and taken to a concert, and met several ladies and
many Russian officers. Some officers asked us to supper
after the concert, and entertained us with champagne

■iiiil— <a>iifcMMfc»^^a II III i ri i Iiti. f r ■ ■■ i. ■*., ^n ..■>«_.-'-- .^ ■^■» , ,•- • -Vu-jt

Y.» ...>.■ p-.» ^..^ ' '- 1^ 111 'f ii ril.

148 HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THE

OsocxA. and English porter (which we found cost, the first
£^ twenty-two francs a hottle, and the latter eight to ten
francs !). We talked over the war with them. Of the
hattle of the Alma they said, ' What could we expect ?
the allies outnumbered us and had a hundred siege guns
in position, whilst we had only our field pieces.' They
would not believe that our siege train had not then been
landed, and that we too had only our field artillery.

'' Regarding Balaclava, the officers of the cavalry that
charged the 93rd said, 'Our object was to seize the
battery behind you. On our advancing to do so, your
regiment rose as it were by enchantment out of the
ground and poured a deadly fire into us, which our
horses would not face. We thought we were running
into a trap laid for us, and sheered off. Few of us were
killed, but nearly every man and horse was wounded.'
One captain raised his hand and showed some fingers
knocked off, and said a bullet had also gone through his
thigh. He also said that hardly a man or horse of the
squadron he belonged to had escaped unwounded. He — >
said to me, ' If you are a sportsman you will understand
that if you wound a deer or a hare and do not kill it, it
will run a long way before it falls, and so will a horse ;
and no soldier will tumble off his horse as long as he can
hold on, but will ding to it in the hope of its carrying
him out of action, and so it was with us.'

« * « • *

" We left Simpheropol the next day (14th) at 10.80
a.m. and returned to Baktschiserai by the same road
we had come. We paid our charioteer £5. Hope
never to undergo such a jolting again. We remounted
our horses at Baktschiserai, and got back to our camp
at Eamara about 9 p.m., having had a most agreeable
expedition.

(Signed) **F. Burbouohs."

rt i ^ ii ' ii^ wfcrf Bi M fc « nii K fcj»ifci

i«Mi

w^jt m i m iil i ,

93bd sutheblanb highlandeb&

149

I am authorized by Lieutenant-Colonel E« H. D. Cbdiia.
Macpherson to say that he is able to corroborate what igsa,
has been said by General Burroughs regarding the state-
ment of the Bussian oiEcers as to the effect of the fire of
the 98rd at Balaclava, which was made by them in his
hearing. — ^B. H. B.

i'-ri-W"/iiltan'-;i'l>li j i rj^ rftftj ■I ^^J »'<M» "' 'fa "lWi i ti <>wr>iaffW-i^ r'-i'^-l ' ■.-«.. — .t,-^^^..> .— ■.. . _»• — ..^_- .- . _ ^

150 HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF TnB

ENGLAND.

Aldre. Thb 9Srd landed at Portsmouth on the 16th of Joly,

"°^' 1866, and at once proceeded to Aldershot, where it

i85d. arrived the same day.

^hjWu^ On the following day, the regiment was inspected by

Mij««^- Her Majesty, who walked down the line, accompanied by

Prince Albert and a numerous staff, minutely noticing

everything and asking many questions regarding the

welfare of the corps. It afterwards marched past in

quick time. Colonel Leith Hay was honoured with a

command to dine with the Queen in the evening.

On the 18th, Her Majesty, attended by the Princess
Boyal, visited the huts of the regiment, several of which
she entered ; and she also tasted the rations prepared
for the dinners of the men.
Damu On the 28rd of July, the 98rd proceeded from Alder-
shot by rail to Dover, where they arrived the same even-
ing, and were encamped on the western heights above
the town, their tents having been akeady pitched, and
bread, cheese, and beer provided for the men by their
countrymen of the 79th, then quartered in the castle.

On the 29th of July, the depot from Malta, under
Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon, consisting of 8 offi-
cers, 8 sergeants, 6 drummers, and 81 rank and file,
joined headquarters.

On the 29th of August the depdt from Dundee, under

■^^'^''"— ""-'■^-'-■^^-'■^^*-'^— *****■***— ^^^''—-'"■'-^^'^-'"■^-"—-Y^g - -I iijr r"^' lUtraa — tTi

93rd SUTHERLAND mGHLANDER& 151

Captain Middleton» joined, and was amalgamated with Dom.
the regiment on the 11th of September. The strength {^
of the depdt was :-^

Six captains, 12 sabaltems, 24 sergeants, 11 dram*
mers, and 880 rank and file.

The following appeared in regimental orders on the
occasion : —

'' BEGDIENTAli 0BDBB8.

** Oftmm Dorer, SOih of Augiul, 186$.

'' The officer commanding (Lieutenant-Colonel the
Honourable Adrian Hope) is desirous of expressing his
high sense of the services rendered to the regiment by
Captain Middleton, under whose command so fine a
body of men has been trained at the depdt. Major-
General Cameron, who inspected the depdt this day,
was pleased to express his satisfaction with their
appearance.

'' To have deserved the good opinion of so experi-
enced an officer must be considered most creditable to all
ranks of the dep6t.'*

The greatest strength of the regiment at this time
was 60 officers, 69 sergeants, 27 drummers, 1181 rank
and file, and they manoeuvred as two battalions in bri-
gade with the 42nd and 79th Highlanders, then also at
Dover, the whole under Brigadier-General Cameron.

On the 20th of September the brigade was reviewed
by His Boyal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, Com-
mander-in-Chief, together with that under Lord West,
consisting of the 4l8t, 44th, and 49th regiments,* on the
plain above Folkestone, and His Royal Highness ex-
pressed himself in terms of high approbation at the
manoeuvring of the Highland brigade.

* These three regimenU were alio then eDctmped below the
heij^hts at Dover.

aK».

>— .* r^—** "* '^._ m f'i *I H ^ * d fj» t . ■, ^ ' ^^lU; '* i ""* < 8 1 ' H ^i* j KMi n m m i. f wM ; » r » _ iw>^

f.-%t ^fii^,tJ*.'jai»*.n

^rt^^ -Z'iimtft ^»«*. I

152

DOTEB.

1856.

1857.

HISTOBIGAL BECX)BDS OF THE

• On the 80th of Septemher the regiment moved from
their encampment into Dover Castle, relieving the 79th
Highlanders.

By circular dated Horse Guards, lOth of November,
1856, the strength of the 98rd was reduced. Of the
supernumeraries, the captains were placed temporarily
on half-pay, and subsequently brought back to full pay
in other regiments, while the lieutenants and ensigns
were retained on the list to be absorbed as vacancies
occurred. Fifty privates were also permitted to remain
as supernumeraries to the strength, which was fixed as
follows: —

1 Colonel (a general officer).

1 LieuteDant-ColoneL

2 Majors.
12 Gaptaing.
14 Lieatenants.

10 Ensigns.
1 Paymaster.
1 Quarter-Master.

1 Surgeon.

2 Assistant-surgeons.

Seven staff sergeants, 1 orderly-room derk, 48 sergeants, 1 drum
major, 24 drummers, 48 corporals, 6 pipers, 952 privates.

Lieutenant-Colonel the Honourable A. Hope becom-
ing a supernumerary, was placed on half-pay.

A detachment subsequently occupied quarters at the
barracks on the heights.

On the 81st of January, 1 857, orders were received
to prepare for immediate embarkation for India^ and all
officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates on leave
and furlough were ordered to rejoin forthwithi

In February the 42nd, 72nd, 79th, and 92nd High-
landers were caUed upon' for volunteers to the 98rd,
and from these corps 201 volunteers joined the regi-
ment about the end of February and beginning of
March. There were received from the 42nd, 70 ; from
the 72nd, 25 ; from the 79th, 70 ; from the 92nd, 86 ;
total, 201.

On the 6th of March sudden orders arrived to hold

j> 1 J, I — ' -^ • r ^ n ni -jr'- •--> — ^-^..^ . n-^ «^i^^. ^Ji^ -^^■>if^-i<- v_^^^ a. — tn^tm^n^-^ ^.^^\..^

93BD 8UTHEBLAND HIGULANDEBS. 153

the regiment in immediate readiness to embark for Dotbb.
China, the probable time mentioned being a week from 1357.
the date of the order.

The regiment becoming again entitled to a second
lieutenant-colonel, the Honourable Adrian Hope was
brought in from half-pay on the 18th of March.

On the Ist of April the regiment was inspected by
Lieutenant-General Sir Frederick Love, E.C.B., com-
manding the district, who expressed himself as being
highly gratified in every way with its appearance under
arms and manoBuvring, as well as the completeness of
their kits, and general high state of efficiency.

During the time the 98rd were stationed at Dover,
several guards of honour were furnished by the regiment
on occasions of royal personages departing for, and
arriving from the continent.

In compliance with a request from Lieutenant-Colonel PreMhita-
Leith Hay, His Boyal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, ooimin by
Commander-in-Chief, was pleased, as the 98rd ^&d^^^^
served in his division in the Crimea, to honour the regi- Oam-
ment by presenting them with new colours ; those then
in use, presented by the illustrious Duke of Wellington,
at Canterbury, in 1884, being quite worn out.

His Royal Highness having arrived at Dover on the
21st of May, dined at the Castle with the officers of the
regiment on the evening of that day.

On the 22nd, the regiment proceeded from Dover
Castle and the Shaft Barracks to the Western Heights,
where it was drawn up in line ready to receive His Boyal
Highness at 10 a.m. The 42nd Boyal Highlanders were
present, and were in quarter-distance column on the
right of the 98rd. The Duke was attended by Lieuten-
ant-General Sir Frederick Love and his staff, Colonel
Forster, Assistant-Adjutant-General, Colonel Tyrwhitt,
and several other officers. Amongst those present were

1*^ ^ ' * ■ r i''' ^ ' j' -i ' i \ ^ „ ' ' ^r*T^ : ' * * *'*'Tt^i "tir 'ri*r ■ **n i"'wiai '>> air^ " T w<i)ft*ri^^ I M i l l ■ |-i ' i i t' j -w h i n i -^- )■■ ■» !

154 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

Dom. Sir Andrew Leith Hay (the lientenant-coloners father),
1857. Clnny Macpherson, Major-GeneralB Straubenzee, Brook,
and Wood, Colonel Douglas (79th), Lieutenant-Colonel
Parke (72nd), Lord and Lady Allan Churchill, Lady and
Miss Cockbum, Lady Tylden, Lieutenant-Colonel the
Honourable A. M. Cathcart, and a number of officers
from the adjacent camps. A great crowd was assembled
on the heights to witness the ceremony, although the
weather was most unpropitious, and it rained in torrents
throughout the proceedings.

His Royal Highness having been received with the
usual salute rode down the line, carefully inspecting the
men, and afterwards stationed himself at the saluting
point. The Majors (Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonels Gordon
and Ewart) then came to the front, and after receiving
the new colours from the escort that had brought them to
the field, placed themselves in front of the old colours,
which were in the line. The old colours were trooped
and received a parting salute. The Grenadier company,
xmder Captain W. G. A. Middleton, accompanied by
Ensigns W. S. Mackenzie and G. Forbes-Robertson,
advanced in quick time, the band playing ** The British
Grenadiers," to opposite where the majors stood. The
Duke then took the new colours, and handed them
successively to the ensigns who knelt to receive them.
After they were duly trooped, the regiment was formed
into three sides of a square and the ceremony of con-
secrating the colours was performed by the Episcopalian
chaplain (Rev. Mr. Maynard) and the Presbyterian
chaplain (Rev. Mr. Watson).

His Royal Highness then addressed the regiment
in the following words from the centre of the square,
Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay being in front of the
colours : —

** Colonel Hay, and officers and men o£ the 98rd, it

I -A-^^.. ^1 '^'■^• \ 'r-^- ' \'^'^''^^^ ,m» m i rv'r0 ttt k »t ' i M a m^f^mmm^mmmm^mum^WkMi^iiktmmktt^Uiitkm^

93rd SUTHEBLANB HIGHLANDBBa 155

now becomes my duty, as the individual who has the Dotbl
honour of presenting these colours, to address you. I can 1957.
assure you it is with great satisfaction I have discharged
the duty thus devolying on me ; the reason of that satis-
faction is very obvious, for I cannot foi^et that your
gallant regiment was one of the division I had the
honour of commanding during the late struggle in the
Crimea. I cannot forget, nor shall I ever cease to
remember with pride and satisfaction, that whatever
success then attended my command, I owe to the
bravery of the two brigades which I had the honour to
have under me. I owe to them, and the distinction
they won, that I am at this moment, through the favour
of Her Gracious Majesty, at the head of the British
army. That is a position that may well inspire any man
with pride ; and feeling what I do, it is both natural and
proper that I should take special interest in those
gallant corps I had the honour to command. In this, .
however, I would not in the least be supposed to de-
preciate the courage and bravery of a single soldier who
served in that campaign.

** I have seen the 98rd behave in a manner that must
bring credit on any corps, and I have no fear that, let
their duty call them wherever it may, they will not
sustain the high reputation they have acquired. It
would be ungraceful and improper now in me to allude
to what is past ; the peace of Europe has I trust been
permanently established, but I cannot refrain from
saying that as regards the credit and honour recently
earned by the British army, nothing could have been
more creditable, noble and gallant than the conduct of
this regiment. Tou are now about to embark for
foreign ' service ; it is impossible to say whether your
services will be required or not, but should they be I am
confident you will make it your special duty to guard

Cl m^tft H W W a j^

156 HISTOBICAL BEGORDS OF THE

Bom. the colours now presented io you with the same zealous
1857. feeling of honour and nobleness of conduct as you
displayed during the last campaign. It was with a
feeling approaching to regret that I saw your old colours
furled for the last time this day, but the honour and
glory attaching to those tattered emblems have now
passed over to their successors, which I give into your
charge. You will, I know, do what you are pledged to
do — ^your duty by them. Yes ; you will do your duty
to your Queen and country.**

His Royal Highness concluded his address with a
brief exhortation to soldierly discipline and good con-
duct, paying a high compliment to Lieutenant-Colonel
Leith Hay.

To this Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay replied in the
following words : — Permit me, your Boyal Highness, in
my own name and that of the regiment I have the honour
to command, to return you our warmest and best thanks
for the high honour you have this day conferred upon us
by the presentation of these colours. Twenty-three
years ago the old colours of the 98rd were presented
to them by the greatest soldier of his age, his Grace
the late Duke of Wellington, and we now esteem our-
selves especiaUy fortunate in receiving these colours, not
only from an officer of the greatest rank — ^your Boyal
Highness, but from one under whom the regiment had
the great good fortune to serve during the greater part of
the Crimean campaign. I need not assure your Royal
Highness with what zealous care the 98rd will watch
over the safety of these emblems of their country's
honour, or that under whatever privations we may be
called on to endure, whatever hardships we may have
to suffer, whatever dangers to meet or enemies to en-
counter, we shall never forget that these colours call
upon us in the name of our Queen and country ; and

■ ....^w.^ , ■..■■■>r ^^■..^..■>.,. . .. .^ 1 ^ , J. -»^j*, ■ ■- ..-^ ^- .^^^■^-^-■p ^ ^j^.^g.^^^^

93BD SUTHERLAND mOHLANOERS. 157

remembering that we will honour and defend them so Dotbb.
long as a man remains in the ranks of the Sutherland ^^^
Highlanders/*

After the conclusion of the Lieutenant-Coloners
speech^ the regiment re-formed line, broke into open
column right in fronts and, after marching past in quick
time, returned to their quarters.

The TimeB of the 23rd of May says :
"Here (Dover Castle) preparations for visitors had
been made on a scale of lavish hospitality, for upwards
of four hundred guests had been invited to the df^euner
which always follows a presentation of colours as a
matter of course. The celebrated ball-room marquee,
which was made for Lord Granville's coronation visit to
Moscow, was pitched in the keep-yard. Half of this was
set aside for dancing, and half for the dijeuner of two
hundred visitors.

" The elegant manner in which the interior of the
marquee was draped with coloured buntings, the
trophies and flags which concealed its posts, and
above aU the breakfast table, covered with the choicest

fruits and flowers, and heavy with ^pergnes, plateaus,
and centre pieces, formed altogether as brilliant a
spectacle as could well have been witnessed, especially
at two o'clock, when it was crowded with ladies and
officers in full dress. The whole of the arrangements
connected with this portion of the day's proceedings,
which would have done honour to either Staples or
Gunter were carried out by the well-known regimental
mess-man, Mr. States. It is needless to add the enter-
tainment was of the most festive kind. In the centre of
the mess-room the old and new colours were placed, to-
gether with the parent colour of the regiment, the first
it ever received, framed and glazed like a picture. This

BBBI^

ia?*

i<Mi*aai<t*^«Tiinifcn ■ ritt;w<iaitiit»<awri

'r<»*>fc'« I ji

158

HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB

Poim*

MOUTH.

PoTEB. banner had seen hard and bloody service in its day,
1857. though the inscription on the frame only said : ' The
remains of the King's colour, presented to the 98rd on
the formation of the regiment in 1800, and under which
five hundred officers, non-commissioned officers, and
privates fell at New Orleans/ '*

After the presentation, the non-commissioned officers
and private soldiers partook of an excellent dinner, with
wine and beer, provided for them by Lieutenant-Colonel
Leith Hay and the officers.

On the following day, the 28rd, Nos. 2 and 6 com-
panies, under Lieutenant<!olonel the Honourable Adrian
Hope, moved by rail to Portsmouth, via Brighton,
arriving the same day, and were quartered in the
Clarence barracks. On the 25th the head-quarters
followed.

Captain 3. M. Brown, with Lieutenants Tabutean and
Fenwick, seven sergeants, one drummer, and seventy
rank and file, were left at Dover Castle to form a depdt,
and shortly afterwards moved to Chatham to join the
depot battalion there.

On the 28th of May the regiment furnished a Guard
of Honour, under command of Captain Middleton, with
Lieutenants Butter and E. S. Wood, four sergeants,
two pipers, one drummer, and seventy men of the
Grenadier company, to attend upon Her Majesty at
Osborne during the visit of the Grand Duke Constantino
of Russia. This guard rejoined head-quarters at Ports-
mouth on the 1st of June.

On the same day (June Ist) Nos. 8, 7, and 8 com-
panies, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Hope,
embarked on board three small steamers from the dock-
yard, and proceeded to Plymouth, where they were
transhipped to Her Majesty's ship Belleisle, and sailed
on the 8rd of June for China (as was supposed).

MMk»i<aHtf«**uaM

93bd sutheblano Highlanders. 159

The officers who embarked in the BeIUi$le were : — Powp-

MODTIi;

Lieutenani-Colonel Honooimbla Adrian Hope.

CapUin G. GornwaU JEosign R. K. A. Dtck-Cunynghaiiu

„ E. 8. F. G. Dmwaon. I ^ W.W. Mason.

„ R. 8. Williams. I „ F. R. Macnamanu

Lieutenant J. Gordon. I ^^ W. F. Fallarton.

1857.

&E. Wood.

„ C. W. Losaok.
0. Goldsmith.

^ CD. Potts.
„ D. Hay.
Assistant-Surgeon W. Sinclair.

M G. Forbes-Robertson, | „ J. N. BelL

On the 8rd of Jnne, the head-quarters were inspected
by Major-General Breton, commanding at Portsmouth,
who expressed himself in terms of high satisfaction with
the appearance of the regiment and the state of its in-
terior economy, etc

On the 4th of June, in compliance with special orders
from Her Majesty, the head-quarters, under Lieutenant-
Colonel Leith Hay, with the Grenadiers, 1» 2, 4, 6, 6, and
light companies, proceeded to the Clarence Victualling
Yard, Gosport, where they received the Queen on her
landing from the Isle of Wight. Her Majesty was
accompanied by Prince Albert, the Princess Boyal, and
other members of the royal family.

After a royal salute from the 98rd, Her Majesty walked
down the whole line, minutely inspecting every man.
The regiment then formed quarter distance column in
rear of the right, and having retired as far as the ground
would admit, proceeded to march past the Queen in slow
time, the companies successively opening out to wheeling
distance from, the front. This being concluded, a com-
mand was received to pass in quick time, when the
column having closed on the Grenadiers, countermarched
by sub-divisions and passed in quick time, headed by the
pipers.

Her Majesty was graciously pleased to express to
Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay, the gratification it had

■ »^^ mXi-^'iJ^

" I f • f I i Mi^ T . n ti, _^» ■*r»«v-6 >^» * *_> V «•«•<

yy ie cvr *^ it*iL<iw»«Mum(k«--.

i» » ««iii»i f iiMii* i l

160

POBTB-

1857.

HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB '

afforded her to have this opportunity of reviewing the
98rd previous to their departure for China, and how
much pleased she had been with their appearance.

The regiment then remained in attendance as a Guard
of Honour until Her Majesty's departure by train for
London, presenting arms as the carriages moved off.

This highly complimentary farewell of their much-
loved Sovereign was deeply appreciated by the regiment.

On the morning of the 16th of June, 1857, at 8'a.m.,
the Grenadiers, Nos. 1, 2, 4, 6, and light companies,
with part of No. 6 company, embarked from the dock-
yard, on board the screw steamer Mauritius, and sailed
the following morning. Owing to insufficiency of ac-
commodation. Captain Sprot, Ensign Mackenzie, two
sergeants, one piper, and forty-seven rank and file
of No. 5 company remained behind to follow in another
transport.

The officers who embarked in the Mauritius

Lieut-Colonel A. S. Leitb-Hay.
Ifftjor &BL-Lt.-Col. C. H. Gordon.
^ „ M J* ^* Bwart.
Ckptain W. O. A. MIddleton.
„ J. DalzelL
„ P. W. Burronghi,
„ W. G. D. Stewart
„ 8. M. Clarke.
^ „ C W. McDonald.
Lieutenant R. A. Cooper.
„ E. Welch.
„ R. V. S. Grimtton.
„ A. Butter.
„ H. C. Stirling.
„ £, H. D. Macpherson.
„ A. C. Nightingale.
„ M.\y. Hyslop.

Lieutenant W. G. Alexander.

« E. S. Wood.

„ R. G. H. Burgoyne.

n G. C. Goooh.

„ F. McPherson.

M K C. Haynet.

„ G. Greig..

„ C. W. Sergison.
Ensign E. de V. Aytoun.
« G. J. H. Taylor.
„ J. E. D. Campbell
M A. J. Tnfnell
Paymaster 8. Blake.
Surgeon W. Hunra
Assistant-Surgeon R, Henziei.
LieuL and AdjuUnt W. McBean
Quarter-Master J. Joiner.

rt 11 It i,^4Htmtmti pfiTin-i-T--- — '^^' " .-A^ ^^. 'Vl - * .-^-'Sr. -'-^-

93rd SUTHEBLAKD mOHLA^roEBS.

•

161

strength of the serrice companies of the 98rd High- 1857.

landers on embarkation for China.

•

6
8

1
11

8.8. Mauritiui
ELM. 8. B^tiOt
Part of Ka 5

GompaDT to

follow
OntUffinChloi

•

■
%

•

20
12

5
2

40
19

10
18

C50
282

■

Total

980

The embarkation of the regiment at Portsmouth was
condaoted with so much regularity, quietness and sobriety
that it tended to maintain stiU further the good character
acquired by it in former years. Not a man was missing,
and there were no prisoners.

^-- ' ■ rf'T^- -Ml t-BiirrlTi m r •

.■■.. ■ ■ v „, *i .-i/ :tr .>,j t ,>.'.o«i>V>,aaA.,u: <A . ii < ,r • ■ ^.^.>,L.,^ , ,_.. _^. ^. .„

162

HISTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THB

rrTrrci

THE INDIAN MUTINY.

VOYAGE TO AND ARRIVAL IN INDIA — ACTIONS AT KUDJWA AND

BUNNEB — ^BELIEF OF LUCXNOW.

1857. On the 17th of June, 1867, at daylight, the Mauritius

HjiLa. moved out to Spithead, took on board a quantity of

^^ ammunition, and at 8 a.m. steamed away on her TOj^e.

MauriHui On the 80th of June, reached St. Vincent, Gape Verde

Simon'i Islands, and remained there for coaling until the 4th of

^' July, owing to other vessels being there for the same

purpose. At about 8 p.m. on the 11th of August, the

Mauritius anchored in Simon's Bay, Gape of Good Hope.

It was nearly dark at the time, and with the idea that

the Belleisle might be close, the regimental caU was

sounded, and an immediate answer proved that such

was the case. A visit to the Mauritius was soon made

by Lieutenant-Colonel Hope and other officers from the

Dartiiui. Belleisle. They brought intelligence of the breaking

regiment^ out of the mutiny of the Bengal native army, and that

^'^^^^^ orders had been received for the 98rd and other regiments

in coDM. to proceed with all possible despatch to Calcutta, instead

Q1I6II06 OK

tbe Indian of continuing the voyage to China. Having coaled the
^' ship as quickly as possible, the men of the regiment
assisting, the Mauritius left Simon's Bay on the 16th of
August (the Belleisle having gone on the 12th), and early
on the morning of the 29th came to an anchor in Port
Louis harbour. Island of Mauritius. Having again com- '
pleted coaling, the ship resumed her voyage on the 1st of

I r r^ ' - i ft iia .i^iiM i iM nnw i mitirmrrrr irr' T'^^-^^*^'^-'**— «- .u.t^.^M'*

littttmAm^mm * A«ifc* t >» •f.d

93bD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEB& 163

September^ and on the afternoon of the 20th of September, 18S7.
ISSTy arrived opposite Fort William^ Galcatta.

It was Sandaji and as the ship steamed up the riyer
Hooghly, the Europeans living in the country seats along
its banks, received the regiment with hearty British
cheers and every appearance of joy, for they felt that
succour and protection was at hand for themselves, their
countrymen and countrywomen.

As soon as the arrival of the Mauritiui had been
reported, the newly-appointed commander-in-chief, the
veteran Sir Colin Campbell, under whom the 98rd had
served and distinguished itself in the Crimea, honoured
the regiment with a visit, and was received with rapturous
demonstrations of enthusiasm.

On the morning of the 21st all the heavy baggage
was landed and stored in Calcutta, and on the evening of
the same day half the regiment was transhipped to river
steamers and barges, and sent up to Chinsurah. On the
next day head-quarters followed in the same way.

On the 26th of the month 'the detachment under
Lieutenant-Colonel Hope arrived also.

During the voyage of the head-quarters from England,
the commander of the Mauritius, Mr. Gruikshank, did
everything in his power to make the officers and men
. comfortable, and to shew their appreciation of his kind-
ness the officers presented him with a testimonial, bearing
an inscription expressing their thanks.

Only one death in the whole regiment occurred during
the voyage from England.

Immediately after arrival at Chinsurah, preparations
were commenced to forward the regiment with as great
expedition as possible, in parties of about eighty men
and upwards, to Baneegunge by rail, and thence by
bullock train towards the seat of active operations.
The first detachment started on the 28th of September,

■ nT ■ ifci Tim ^

nv tti^ ' ^ti 'vm im Kn » n; ■ < . m i mjn ni iwiBii^^MB^Mfc^wiiOWifcai^^wm

'"-' — ^1 "im f 'nil Mj

164

1857.

HISTOBICAL BEOOBDS OF THE

and by the 10th of October the whole, with intervals of
about twenty-four hours between each, were hurrying
along the grand trunk road towards Gawnpore, distant
about six hundred miles*

Detachments proceeded as follows : —

28th Septemlwr.

Captidn Middleton
Lieut. £. S. Wood

Ooocb

F. McPhenon

Baakftad
FltooT

Grenadier
Company

Company

No. 2

Company

4th Octoher.

Raaktad
Fltoof

Na6
Company

No. 6

Company
and othera

Na7
Company

No. 8

^Company

29th September.

Captain Clarke
Lieut. Oreig
Ensign Totta
Asst-Surgn. Men^ea

30th September.

Captain Stewart
Lieut. Buiigoyne
Ensign Taylor
Cantain Lumaden
(NX) interpreter

lat October.

Lieut-Col. Hope \

Lieut. Butter I Grenadier

M Haynea Vl, 2, & 8

M Stirling I Companies

Asst-Surgn. Sinclair /

2nd October.

Oaptun Cornwall
Lieut Robertson
Ensign Cunyngham
^ Hastie

drd October.

Captdn C. HcDonald\
Ensign Campbell l-i^. a

^ Mason >^

: H^nessy ^"1*°^
(N.L Interpreter) ; '

On the 9th of October, Lieutenant-Colonel Leith
Hay, Dr. Munro, Lieutenant and Adjutant McBean, and
Quarter-Master Joiner followed, by Horse ]3&k.

At Allahabad Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay formed
head-quarters with one company and a half, namely

No. 3

Company

Lieut.-Col. Ewart
Lieut. Cooper

M Grimston
Ensign Tufnell
Lieut Smith (75th)

6th October.

Captain Burroughs
Lieut Hyslop
Ensign Hay .
Asst-Surgii. Bell

6th October.

Captain Dawson
Lieut Goldsmith
Ensign Macnamara
Paymaster Blake

7th October.

Captain Williama
Lieut Sereison

^ Welch

,, Nightingale

M I.06ack
Enrign Fullarton

8th October.

Lieut-€oL Gordon ) 6, 7, 8
Lieut Alexander |and Light
„ S. £. Wood I Companies

9th October. *
Captain Dalzell \

Lieut E. Macpherson

M Gordon
CapUin Cox (76th) ,

Light
Company

iifc*aifcia**«iMii ii I I irtwiifr rwiii'» ■ m ( ufti\mm'm^\*mma^mm^Aki^lMititA

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDER& 165

No. 7 and a Bubdivision of No. 6, and proceeded by rail 18S7.
to Lohunda, where another company. No. 6^ was waiting,
protecting part of Peers Naval Brigade with four heavy
guns and a large quantity of ammunition^ under Lieu-
tenant Vaikghan, of Her Majesty's ship Shannon.

From Lohunda this little force marched on to Futteh-
pore, which is a place of some importance with a fort
near the town, and distant about seventy-two mUes from
Allahabad. Here it was increased by the light company
and a detachment made up of men from different com-
panies and by two companies of the 68rd, and a small
party of the 6th Fusiliers.

At Futtehpore, Nos. 3, 8, and light companies were
left under Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon to garrison
the place, and to hold in check a considerable rebel force,
known to be in the neighbourhood; while the head-
quarters, about two hundred and thirty strong, with
detachments of Her Majesty's 6th and 63rd, and part of
Peel's Naval Brigade alluded to, continued their march
towards Gawnpore. Previously to the arrival of the
head-quarters at Futtehpore, Lieutenant-Colonel Adrian
Hope had been hurried on with the Grenadiers, Nos. 1,
2, and 8 companies, towards this place, having made a
severe forced march of twenty-six miles* — ^as it was

* In reference to this march, I find in one of my own letters home^
" A detachment of the 93rd, under Colonel Hope, with my company
left Allahabad on the 19th, and proceeded by nil aa far as Lohunda,
where we rested a day, leaving there the next night at two o'clock',
and marched ten miles, and pitched our camp, expecting to rest till
the same hour the next day ; but some fellow brought a report that
the enemy were advancing on Futtehpore, so at an hour's notice we
were marched at six o'clock in the evening a distance of twenty-six
miles. We arrived at about eight the next morning. We stayed there
all the next day, and then resumed our march towards Cawnpore.
The " rouse " used to sound at one o'clock, and the march commenced
at two in the morning. The distance was from ten to fifteen miles a
day."-R. H. B.

Im'tfuT r»**<ai'Ti<'. mi'

•%Hiflk> lt*ite»if»«*i* I u.iH:i»tL^<*l«^MwAi->ii iWfJi»«»*'^^^

166

HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

Kii4j

1857. reported thai the rehels in some force intended to try
and gain possession of the fort and station^ and thereby
intercept our commnnications along the Grand Trunk
Boad. On his arrival, however, he found this important
position safe, and advanced towards Gawnpore, leaving
No. 8 company at the fort.

Lieutenant-Colonel Hope proceeded with his part of
the regiment to join the column under Brigadier Hope
Grant, assembUng in Oude for operations against Luck-
now, crossing the Ganges by the bridge of boats lately
constructed under the fort at Gawnpore.

Head-quarters arrived at Gawnpore on the 81st of
October.

On the 1st of November, one company. No. 8, under
Captain Cornwall, formed part of a force which had a
severe and successful engagement with a considerable
Action of body of the rebels at Ku^jwa, near Futtehpore. The
following interesting account of this affair, the first in
which any portion of the regiment was engaged against the
mutineers, is contributed by Sir Bobert Dick-Cunyngham,
who was present as an ensign.

The station of Futtehpore, during the latter part
of the month of October, 1867, was garrisoned by a
detachment of the 98rd Highlanders (consisting of
Nos. 8, 8, and light companies), under Lieutenant-
Colonel C. H. Gordon, which was encamped dose to
the fort, then containing considerable stores and two
9-pounder guns under Lieutenant Anderson, Bengal
Artillery.

Futtehpore is the only place of any importance on
the Grand Trunk Boad between Allahabad and Cawnpore,
and had been, on the 12th of July, 1867, the scene of the
first of General Havelock's great series of victories over
the troops of Nana Sahib.

On the night of the 81st of October, Lieutenant-

"*fc

93BD SUTHERLAND mGHLAKDEBa 167

Colonel Gtordon,* accompanied by Ensign' Dick-Cunyng- ^<^ ^
ham, adjutant of his detachment, had been hastily —

18ST

summoned to meet Colonel Powell, G.B., commanding
head-quarter wing, 63rd regiment, and Captain Peel,
B.N., commanding Naval Brigade, Her Majesty*8 ship •
Shannon, who had just arrived with a convoy, to con-
sult with them, as to the possibility of detaching a fly*
ing column to intercept a large body of the Dinapore
and Banda mutineers, who then occupied the village of
Kudjwa, twenty-four miles distant. This body of rebels
and mutineers was understood to number fully three
thousand, with three guns, about half being regular
Sepoys, including the. whole of the 50th Bengal N.L,
the remainder being irregulars and matchlock-men, and
who, while threatening the Grand Trunk Boad be-
tween ^uttehpore and Gawnpore, had the design of
marching straight across country to Lucknow, to rein-
force the rebels there, before the place could be attacked
and its garrison relieved by the force then concentrating
at Gawnpore for that purpose under Sir Colin Gamp-
bell, Commander-in-Chief. It seemed, therefore, of
great importance that this strong force of rebels at
Eudjwa should be attacked and dispersed as speedily
as possible.

At this '' council of war,*' it was arranged that a
small flying column, under Colonel Powell, 5Srd, in light
marching order, and without tents or baggage, should
parade at 8 a.m., march on Eudjwa with all speed,
attack and disperse the rebels there, and eventually

* In consequence of infonnation received from the civil magistrata,
that a considerable force of the mutineers were about to cross tbeir line
of march, Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon sent an express to the column
under command of Colonel Powell, 53rd, and Captain ' Peel, Naval
Brigade, asking them to hurry their march and try and intercept this
force. This Colonel Powell did, arriving at Futtehpore by forced
marches, on the night of the 3l8t of October.

"— *

f 1^ f-- — ^-*^t.-^»Afc.d>l

1857.

168 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

Aetion of rejoin the main convoy on its forward march towards
^'^ Gawnpore as soon as circumstances permitted.

It was past midnight ere the ^' cotmcil '* separated,
and as the camps were about two miles apart, there was
busy work for all ranks to prepare for the long march
and the anticipated battle.

This flying column was composed as follows : —

Kaval Brigade, under Captain Peel, R.N. . .100
Royal Engineers, under Captain Clarke • . 60

63rd regjLment, under Major Clarke . . . 160

93rd Highlanders, under Captidn Cornwall . . 100

Dum Dum detacliment^ under Lieutenant Fanning* • 90

610
Two9.poundergunsi ^^^Li^4^^^^^^^^ \ 20
Bengal Artillery )

Total . . . • 630

The whole under Colonel Powell, G.B., 68rd regiment,
a distinguished officer who had seen much service in
Afghanistan, 1888-9, in the Kaffir war of 184&-7, and
in command of the 67th regiment in the Crimea,

Captain Peel, B.N., was second in command.

There being no field artillery with the main column,
the ooly available guns were the two 9-pounder smooth-
bore guns from the fort at Futtehpore, drawn by
buUocks.

The flying column marched at 4 a.m. on Sunday,
Ist of November. The road from Futtehpore to Kudjwa,
diverging gradually to the left from the line of the
Grand Trunk Boad, presented no obstacle to the march
of the column, but owing to the slow pace at which the
gun bullocks progressed, it was not till near 3 p.m. that
the twenty-four miles were covered, and the advanced
guard came within sight of Eu^jwa.

Eudjwa is a place of some antiquity and importance.

— ^^^ — «— ■- ui -^- ^r . ■ c . , . ■ - — - - . I. I I 1 II I 1^

93BD SUTHBBIiAND HIGHLANDER& 169

• • •

with a handsome mosqae and many buildings and houses Afiitioii of
of substantial character within waUed enclosures. _

The whole front of the village was covered (in a ^^'
military sense) by a high bank, which almost amounted
to a fortification, having on its extreme left a mosque
on higher ground and highly suitable for defence, the
whole with its surrounding of tanks, jheeb,* standing
grain and groves of trees forming a position which might
easily have been made formidable against the attack of
any force inadequately provided with artillery.

The advanced-guard, composed of fifty men of the
9Srd, under Lieutenant Losack, Ensigns Robertson and
Hastie, was now ordered to extend in skirmishing order,
with the remainder of the 9Srd (fifty men under Captain
Cornwall and Ensign Dick-Gunyngham), in support, to
clear the front and cover the advance of the column.

The village of Eudjwa, then distant some twelve
hundred yards, was approached by a straight road lined
on either side, but more numerously on the left side, by
trees planted at regular intervals, with fields of standing
grain, or '' khates '* t within easy gunshot. These khates,

■

and some small mounds and banks, had on our approach
been hastily occupied by the enemy^s outposts, princi-
pally irregulars and matchlock-men, who kept up a gall-
ing fire as our skirmishers advanced. *

About a thousand yards from the village, the sup-
porting company of the 98rd, under Captain Cornwall
and Ensign Dick-Gunyngham, was ordered to advance and
extend, to the left of the line of skirmishers, their places
in support being taken by the Boyal Engineers (sixty
men, under Captain Clarke). The guns now headed the
column of route in the road, followed by the 68rd, the
Naval Brigade, and the Dum Dum detachment.

* Jbeela, iwampt,

t Khett or KhattM^ patches or fields of gnio, •tc

."^w'.Vi^ijfcMMaB* r» igiTifii &,Tina»i^ »t;.flA»faV.t yj/AJnafygq*.^.. »~i^l» ju »* v «. v <*. ' i"

^AatifM. TIM i>l> < tlWfci liWt iiMt; ■«Ci*«>i.

170

HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

Action of
Kudjwa.

1857.

Bugles were now heard Bounding in the Sepoys'
camp in the Tillage, and all along their front, and their
main body was seen to be forming up in front of the
village, their guns being in position on the road in front
of the main street.

The uniform of the Sepoys could plainly be seen and
their bayonets shining in the sun.

As soon as the skirmishers came within range, the
enemy's guns opened fire down the road. The first round
shot passed over the skirmishers, lighted near the head
of the column, bounded down the road and severely
wounded a sailor on hospital duty some distance in rear.
Seeing that their guns had the range of the road. Colonel
FoweU at once moved his guns to the right,, deployed
the 68rd into line on the right of the road, with the
Naval Brigade in their rear, the Dum Dum detachment
sweeping round on the extreme right.*

In this order they advanced through the khates and
standing grain, clearing their front and driving back the
enemy's advanced parties in confusion and with con-
siderable loss.

On reaching the open ground nearer the village, the
68rd, Naval Brigade, guns, and Dum Dum detachment,
gradually advanced in one line, the fire of the guns
being directed towards the mosque on high ground, to
turn the enemy'i^ left flank.

Simultaneously with this movement, the 98rd and
Boyal Engineers advanced on the left of the road under
a heavy fire from a high bank on their left front, and
from numerous khates to their left and left rear, but their
steady advance, and the well directed fire of their Enfields,

* The plan accompaDying ibis account ii from*a rough sketch
taken at the time by Eusign Forbes-Robertson, to show the podtion
of the d3rd, but it will also assist the reader to understand the de-
scription of the moTements of the other troops engaged.

>« * ^

K
m

Kfier

Vl LLA C

OF KUDJWA.

■.,.:;.A:^ic^m^m,

a a

• III or Nvvruihn- 1^ . 1867.

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93BD 8UTHBRLAKD HIQHLAKDBBa 171

soon cleared their flank, and drove back the enemy in Aetion of
large numbers to the shelter of the bank and villages. -J!!"
Their advance was then continued in line with that of- ^^^*
the SSrd on the right.

Up to this time the main body of the enemy, con-
sisting of regular Sepoys, had preserved their formation,
firing volleys with great steadiness, their guns ako being
well served and keeping up a rapid fire of grape and
round shot. Very soon, however, as the skirmishers
made their way through the trees, the Enfield buUets
began to tell upon the Sepoy line, whose fire became
less steady and their formation less preserved.

Here, as the nature of the ground required a less
extended formation, the right of the 98rd closed in
towards the SSrd, and then, alter a rapid advance, and
gallantly led by Colonel Powell in person, they charged
the guns, captured the two 6-pounders, and drove the
Sepoys at the point of the bayonet in confusion and with
great loss through the village.

The guns under Lieutenant Anderson now sweeping
round on the right, came into action with good effect, sup-
ported by the Dum Dum detachment, and drove back the
left of the enemy's line from their position in the mosque.

After this the rout became general, the camp of
the Sepoys was taken, and they were driven through
the village, and far on the other side until they became
a mere scattered rabble beyond the range of gun or rifle.

The casualties on our side were very heavy, amount-
ing to almost one-fifth of the whole force.

The gallant Colonel Powell fell, shot through the head, '
just as the guns were taken. The SSrd had three officers
severely wounded. Captain Mowbray, Lieutenant Corfield,
and Lieutenant Acton, and many casualties in their ranks.

The 9Srd suffered severely in their advance on the
left of the road, three men being killed, Ensign Dick-

«>»««u

■ *»M»

TiriOr M^ir fc%i-

L"*— ^— -*T-^ '^■•^- l ^ f— ^^V-W--'H'ii '-'fr i -'V-''f aj 't I"-** i -'-J--!"" I I --' , . ^- i i..*.-^-. ..

172

HISTOHIOAL RECX)BD8 OF THE

Actum of Cunjngham and fifteen men wounded^ some dangerously,
-JL many seYerely.

1857. "Biere also Captain Clarke, B.E., was very severely

wounded and several of his men.

Of the Naval Brigade, Lieutenant Hay, B.N., and'
Lieutenant Stirling, Boyal Marines, were wounded, the
latter severely. The casualties in their ranks were not
quite so numerous in proportion.

The Bengal Artillery and Dum Dum detachment
had also several casualties, the guns especially having
for a time been under heavy fire.

One incident in the vicissitudes of the wounded on
the left (B. E. and 93rd) is perhaps worthy of note.

These and their few attendants had been much
harassed by the fire from the bank on their left front,
as they lay on the ground finding some shelter from a
small trench, and it was only by great watchfulness
and careful firing by the few who could still use their
rifles that instantaneous attack was averted.

While the main body of the Sepoys retreated through
the village, many of their stragglers crept round the
flanks, and the wounded were at one time in imminent
danger from a body of men, under a leader of some note,
who collected and encouraged them to the attack.

This attack, however, was averted at a most critical
moment, by the steadiness of this handful of wounded
men, who, maimed and bleeding as they were, and none
able to stand or wield a bayonet, at the earnest com-
mand of a wounded officer who lay among them, reserved
' their fire until, just as the attack was about to be made
a well aimed volley crashed into them, killing the leader
(who was seen waving his tulwar on the top of the bank
as they came on), and some others, and etffectuaUy pre*
venting a repetition of the attack.

The critical position of the wounded was noticed by

, J .>..^,M.>^.>:. 1 ^1 ■ ■■ ■r 1 . ■■ ■ ■ii m a . .. ■ - . .^^ . k* . . , U*> n<> . f» l i i^ > ■ >*■ i ..

93bI> StTTHERLAND mGHLANDEUa 173

Sir Colin Campbell in his remarks on Captain PeeFs AeUonof
despatch describing the action. —

On the death of Colonel Powell the command de- ^^^^
Tolved on Captain Peel» B.N.» who directed all subse-
quent movements and arrangements.

It was estimated that the rebels lost fully thr^
hundred in killed alone, many of them falling near the
guns and before the impetuous bayonet tsharge of the 58rd
and 98rd. Their leader was wounded, but was carried
off, though a round shot killed some of his escort. Medals
and bronze stars were found on many of the uniforms.

The fighting was over by five p.m., and for want
of cavalry it was impossible to pursue an enemy so
scattered. There was also the }arge number of wounded
to be attended to, and by this time the men were almost
exhausted for want of food, having marched twenty-four
miles without breakfast, and with only a ration of biscuit
and rum during the fourteen hours of hard work.

The pursuit was therefore abandoned and the force
marched back through the village to the scene of their
advance and victory. Here the wounded were by degrees
collected, and by sundown a bivouac for the night was
formed near some large trees standing clear of the culti-
vated land.

It was midnight ere the last wound was dressed, but
under the able care of Dr. Grant, SSrd, and his staff, all
i?^ere attended to.

Early next day, the third gun, a small one, was
brought in, having been abandoned by the enemy some
distance beyond the village.

The 98rd and guns then marched back to Futtehpore
in charge of the wounded ; the SSrd and Naval Brigade,
etc., marched to the Trunk Road and joined their own
column in its advance from Futtehpore, and continued
their march to Cawnpore as previously arranged.

'"'■'** *- *-^**^ ^^^— ■■■>,, i.-.»i>-^ -.Mf^^^s^i^^,^ ^. . ...-^..^ ,.^.-^ ^, ^p-« ...■-.. T i i ii r i r- n -

174 HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THB

Aotioaol The detachment, 93rd, under Lieutenant - (3olonel

_£!*" Gordon, left Futtehpore on the 7th of November, and

1887. proceeded to Gawnpore to rejoin regimental head-quarters,

then forming part of the force assembling under Sir

Colin Campbell for the relief of Lucknow.

* The wounded from Futtehpore were sent to Allahabad,
arriving there on the 12th of November, the officers being
lodged in the fort.

An episode in this action is thus described by Major
Forbes-Bobertson, also at the time an ensign. .

" The commanding officer being killed, no one seemed
to know who was in command, and everyone fought for
himself, driving the enemy before them, who took their
final stand behind a large mound on our left front, in
front of which there was a small mound where Ensigns
Forbes-Bobertson and Hastie, 98rd, Ensign Truell and
another officer of the 5Srd, with the colours of their
regiment,* and about six privates of the 98rd, found
themselves, about 5 p.m., confronting a considerable
force of the enemy, with only about a hundred yards
between them. The ammunition of the men having been
expended the officers began to look about them for more,
and to their surprise found they were alone, that the
whole of the force had been collected, and were being
formed up about five hundred yards on the other side of
the road, and out of range of fire.

''After a short consultation a speedy retreat was
made under a heavy fire, the whole of the party succeed-
ing in joining their comrades without loss.

** Captain Peel, B.N., having assumed the command
and formed up the force as above stated, then led it
against the enemy and charged round the left flank of
their position behind the large mound, completely routing
thenu

• 63rd.

■Mr^M

lrifr«MiMl^i*M«b«iMKiMi*hMla

r ifcrtiHirfrti—fc

iif »tBriiiiiii''ri(fcii>

93ni> SUTHEBLAND HIGHLANDEBS,

175

18S7.

" Their camp, which was strewed with the baggage, Aotioii of
uniformSy ete.» of theit murdered English officers, and ^^'^
three guns with ammunition wagons fell into our hands,
bnt not without a heavy loss.'*

Major Forbes-Bobertson adds that on the day after
the action, the force marched half way to Futtehpore,
and there buried the dead, and that this engagement was
called by Lord Clyde, '' The Soldier's Battle/*

The London OazetU of January 5th, 1858, contains
Captain Peel's despatch relating to the action of Eu^'wa,
from which the following is an extract : —

'' The total number of the enemy was reported to be
about four thousand men, two thousand of whom were
Sepoys, who fought in their uniform. Their loss was
estimated at above three hundred killed."

Captain Peel gives the loss in killed and wounded on
our side as ninety-five.

Betum of non-commissioned officers and soldiers of the
98rd,* killed and wounded at Eudjwa on the 1st of
November, 1857. From the London Oaxeite of
January 16th, 1858.

Kn«LKi>.

3102 Private

George Feckney.

3586 «

Adam McBain. ,

123 „

Lewis Swidley.

WOUHDSD.

•

2157 Sergeant

Andrew Fiddes

. SlighUy.

3351 Corporal

John Seattle

Severely.

3020 „

Archibald McKinon

• Dangerously.

11 Lance-CorpL John Henderson •

Severely.

3070 Private

Charles Ellingworth

. SUghUy.

2883 „

WiUiam Hay

Slightly.

1419 „

David MelviUe

. Severely.

3790 „

Donald Tolin

SlighUy.

102 ,/

Samuel Johnston

. Severely.

3248 „

Robert Murdoch

SllghUy.

* No. 8 Company.

mw av ^ »■ «h''*tallM

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176 HISTOBIOAL BECOBDS OF THB

Aetmof

WoTJisDVD-^conHnuedy,

Kndjwa.

3689 Privmte

William Cowie

Dangerously*

18S7.

8248 „

Bicliard Lendesay .

Severely.

3283 „

Samuel Hantor

Ditta

3449 »

John Brooks

Slightly/

36o4 ..

Michael Shelver

DitUx

fflriiw On the 2nd of November, the detachment of the

mishes at

Bnnterah regiment which had crossed the Ganges at Gawnpore,
Bunnee^ under Lieutenant-Golonel Hope, and now formed part of
Brigadier-General Hope Grant's force^ was engaged, the
Grenadiers and No. 1, nnder Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart,
in an attack on the fortified village of Bunterah, situated
a short distance to the right of the main road, and dis-
tant about ten miles from Lucknow. The enemy were
driven out of this with loss and the village was captured,
Nos. 2 and 4 companies, with Lieutenant-Colonel Hope,
being at about the same time occupied in another skirmish
in the neighbourhood, in which they captured a gun, at
Bunnee.

During this day's operations about seventeen men of — »
various corps were killed ' or wounded, and Captain
Mackenzie, of the 78th Highlanders, was shot through
the leg. The loss of the 98rd was one man killed, and
three wounded.

On the 2nd of November head-quarters crossed the
Ganges, and proceeded to join the column under
Hope Grant (encamped between Bunnee Bridge and the
Alumbagh, about eight miles from the latter place),
which they reached on the 7th.

On the 10th, Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon with
two companies (No. 8 and light) joined head-quarters,
and on the 18th Captain Cornwall with the company
that had been engaged at Kudjwa also joined.

The whole regiment was therefore again together,
with the exception of the subdivision of No. 5 under
Captain Sprot which had not arrived in Lidia*

nr. .> ^ - | M .,r.,. f ,vi i rt»-rr.TOT » ii ■ """ '-■ TViA^tiiMi i Hitft i Btfff •rVi' . i iii fti

93 BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 177

On the afternoon of the 11th of Novemher, the 1857.
whole force, which had heen formed into hrigades, was Review hj
reviewed by His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief on ^^ST
the plains near Alumbagh. ^■^^'^

The 98rd was posted to the fourth brigade, the other Ugh.
regiments of which were the 68rd (Shropshire) and the
4th Punjab Rifles. The brigade was commanded by Lieu-
tenant-Colonel the Honourable Adrian Hope, who was ap-
pointed a Brigadier of the 2nd Class. Lieutenant Archibald
Butter, of the 93rd, became his orderly officer. Captain
J. Hamilton Cox, 76th regiment, was the brigade major.

The little army, numbering about 4200 men, was
drawn up in quarter distance column, facing Lucknow.
The 4th brigade was on the extreme left, and the 98rd
stood in its centre. After passing in front of the other
regiments and detachments, Sir Colin approached the
98rd and thus addressed it : —

" Ninety-third I

'' We are about to advance to relieve our country-
men and countrywomen besieged in the Residency of
Lucknow by the rebel army. It will be a duty of
danger and difficulty, but I rely upon you 1 "

This short and animated address was received with
such a burst of enthusiasm, that the gallant old
chieftain must have felt assured of the loyalty and
devotion of the regiment, and confident that wherever
he would lead, the 98rd would follow, and if need be die
with him to the last man.

The 9Srd was the first regiment on that occasion
that gave a display of confidence in the leader, but as
the gallant general returned along the line, the example
was taken up by others, and cheer upon cheer from every
corps followed him as he rode back to the camp.

The following letter, written by Her Majesty the
Queen (extracted from Volume VI. of Theodore Martin's

178 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

1857. ''Life of the Prince Consort") regarding the events
which occurred in India in 1867, is of special interest
to this regiment, which played so conspicuous a part
in those events, and whose dose connection with Sir
Colin Campbell is a matter of history.

Letter from the Queen to Lord Caiming, dated 9th
of November, 1867.

'' Lord Canning will easily believe how entirely
the Queen shares his feelings of sorrow and indignation
at the unchristian spirit, shown, alas ! also to a great
extent here by the public, towards Lidians in general,
and towards Sepoys without discrimination ! It is, how-
ever, not likely to last, and comes from the horror
produced by the unspeakable atrocities perpetrated
against the innocent women and children, which make
one's blood run cold and one's heart bleed 1 For the
perpetrators of these awful horrors no punishment can
be severe enough, and sad as .it is, stem justice must
be dealt out to all the guilty! But to the nation at
large, to the peaceable inhabitants, to the many kind
and friendly natives who have assisted us, sheltered the
fugitives, and been faithful and true, there should be
shown the greatest kindness. They should know that
there is no hatred to a brown skin, none, but the greatest
wish on their Queen's part to see them happy, contented,
and flourishing.

'' We are delighted to hear such good accounts of Sir
Colin Campbell, to whom we ask Lord Canning to
remember us most kindly. We can well imagine his
delight at seeing his gallant and splendid 9Srcl, whom
we saw at Gosport in June just before they left."

That Her Majesty was fully justified in picturing to
herself Sir Colin's *' delight at seeing his gallant and
splendid 98rd" is made evident by the events already
narrated, which actually occurred on the plains of India,

.!■ lat «■(

!» llKi»lfct*iJt>

iA(a«MkaktaAfl»WU4M^

■^-'^-ti' Tt^— •wrt-'M*'! Vl^ifcifi !■■ I

93RI> SUTHERLAND HIOHLAin>ER&

179

on the 1 1th of NoTember, 1857^ two days after the 1857.
Queen's letter was written.

On the 18th of November a force under Brigadier
Hope was sent to take possession of the Fort of JeUalabad,
some three miles to the right of Alumbagh ; it was found
to be evacuated, and after rendering it useless to the
enemy the troops returned. On the afternoon of the
18th all the tents and disposable baggage, with the few
sick and wounded, were sent into the Alumbagh fortress,
and the 76th regiment, which had been much weakened
and reduced during the siege of Delhi, was detailed to
protect the place, while detachments of others, 6th, 64th,
78th, 84th, 90th, and of the 2nd Madras Fusiliers, were
withdrawn from the fort to join the relieving army.

On the evening of this day the effective strength of
the 98rd was 984 men for the relief.

Owing to casualties amongst the field officers of the Belief of
68rd, Major and Brevet-Lieuteuant-Colonel C. H. Gordon, ^*

98rd, was appointed to command that regiment during
the operations for the relief of Lucknow, from the 18th of
November.

On the 14th of November the army was under arms
at 6 a.m., and its disposition was as follows : —

Advakgi.

i Field Gkiiia.

1 Squadron 9th Lonoen.

2 Squadrons Irregular GaTalry.

200 Infantry of the 3rd Infantry Brigade.
lOOPioneen.

MAUf GoLUior.
lit Cavalry Bripule.

3rd Infantry Brigade (Brigadier Greathed).
4th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier Hon. A. Hope).
6th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier Rui8eU>
Naval Brigade with heavy guna (24-pottndera).
Engineer Park.
Heavy Field.Batteries with detachmentt of Artilleiy.

190 HISTOBIGAL BECOBDB OF THB

Relief of * Beab Guabd.

_^ ' (Under command of LieutenaDt-Colonel Ewarty 93rd.).

1W7. 1 Troop Horse ArUllery.

1 Squadron 9th Lancen.

2 Squadrons Punjab Cavalry.

200 European Infantry of 4tb Brigade
(These were from 93rd Highlanders).
200 of the 5th Brigade.

Instead of approaching by the direct Gawnpore road
to LncknoWy the Commander-in-Chief determined to
make a flank march to the right, get possession of the
Dilkoosha and Martiniere, two large buildings on the
southern side of the city, which the enemy occupied as
outposts, push on from thence to attack the large fortified
buildings, Secundrabagh, Shah Nujjif, etc., lying between
these and the Besidency, and thus clear a path for the
beleaguered garrison to retire by.

At 9 o'clock a.m. this flank march began, and it
was evident that the enemy were taken by surprise,
for no opposition was met with until the advance of
the army approached Dilkoosha. Small parties of the
rebels were then seen hastily endeavouring to throw up
covering on the different roads leading to the city across
which the army moved at right angles, and scouts
perched on trees were observed watching our progress.

As the head of the column neared the Dilkoosha
a heavy musketry fire was opened on it from the left,
but the light guns of the advance quickly overpowered
it. A considerable body of the enemy then advanced
through the wood inside the park of the Dilkoosha, but
were soon driven back, out of the park and over the
crest of the bill sloping down to the Martini^e below,
and as the head of our column in rapid pursuit crowned
the ridge, a heavy fire of artilleiy and musketry opened
from the Martinitee enclosures and broken ground
around it, which, however, after a short struggle, was

-U 1 ■ '- -."" I r J '^ l~ l%lt~ 'H - ■ - -- , - ---»j ■>^-.^— ^ ^.^ ^- . ., - ^ fc-.^^*^.;. .. .^»^» |_

1857.

&3RD SUTHEBLAND HiaHLANDEBS. 181

overpowered by the fire of oar field guns and heavy Beliofor
batteries. The skirmishers then rushed down the hill, —
supported by the 4th Infantry Brigade, and drove the
enemy beyond the line of the canal.

During the early part of the day the two companies
of the 93rd on the rear guard were detached — one, the
grenadiers, under Captain Middleton, dose to the Cawn-
pore road to command it while the ammunition, baggage,
etc., was filing past, and the other. No. 1, under Captain
Clarke, was pushed on to the left, to seize and keep
possession of a village, so as to prevent the enemy
annoying the column from thence.

While the leading brigade in skirmishing order waa
gradually pushing the enemy beyond the Dilkoosha,
the 4th brigade followed in support, at first in open
column. While advancing in this order the 98rd
suffered slightly from the artillery fire, one man being
killed and seven wounded.

Immediately after the enemy had been driven down
the hill towards the Martiniire, and while our artillery
was silencing that of the enemy, the 93rd was formed in
quarter distance column, under cover of some old mud
walls to the right rear of the Dilkoosha. Here the men
piled arms, and were allowed to rest or fall out until the
order was given for the brigade to advance on the Mar*
tini^e itself.

The 4th Punjab Bifles moved first in skirmishing
order, and the 9Srd in support of them. At the same
time the Naval Brigade on the left kept up a heavy
fire on the enemy, which, coupled with the advance of the
infantry, completely expelled them from the wood in rear
of the Martini^re, and drove them to their supports
beyond the canal.

The 4th Punjab Bifles then passed through the
Martiniire gi'ounds, emerged on the right, crossed the

•MM

i i fr ii r'fi- i fn i - •- pt*w^ n >iii mti . i r- * - • ■ ■ - ----•—■-':- .-^. <..■ .M^m-w.ii. •■-»■*■■ ■ „mmi-'t > r i ■■> !» ■ ■■ m i ♦r-^.

182 HISTORICAL BEOOBDS OF THE

Belief of canal close to the Goomtee, and occupied part of a
LudEDow. ^jjjg^g^ Qj^ ^^ ^^jjgj, gj^^ ^4jj^ enemy still retaining

^^^' possession of the other extremity of it, however), and at
the same time the 98rd, with the Madras Fusiliers and
68rd, occupied the wood and enclosures between the
Martiui^re and canal.

Immediately on taking up this position, three com-
panies of the regiment, under Captain Cornwall, were
sent to an open space on the left of the Martini&re
compound, close to the Cawnpore road (which runs
from the Dilkoosha past the Martini^re, across the canal
to Bank's bungalow), for the purpose of protecting the
Naval Brigade guns ; while the head-quarters, under
Colonel Leith Hay, reduced to three companies, remained
within the enclosure, part extended in skirmishing order
along a mud bank, and part a short way in rear as a
support.

Towards evening, the enemy appeared in considerable .
numbers on the other side of the canal and opened a
sharp artillery and musketry fire on our whole position ;
upon which two heavy guns were brought into the
enclosure held by the 98rd, and, having been placed in
position, opened fire to the front, while the Naval
Brigade to the left also opened fire on Bank's' bungalow,
then occupied by the enemy's artiUeiy.

This state of things continued until nearly 7 p.m.,
when the Commander-in-Chief rode up, and, calling out
the light company and part of No. 8, desired them to
endeavour to seize Bank's bungalow.

These filed out and took up their position extended
in skirmishing order in rear of the Naval Brigade guns,
prepared for a rush. On the discharge of the guns,
the skirmishers led by Colonel Leith Hay advanced at
a run, but on arriving at the edge of the canal, the
water was found to be too deep to allow the men to

mm mwT ■» ■ i r f I II i 1 1 i i i i i ^-^ttrtr .-.Mai.^^.;*.*,,.- .. ., w,. ».•.■ ■ -* -^ , -^-n-- -- "-'^0- - -*- 'f l ajm •- «-^ f--

93BI> aUTHEBLAND HIGHLAKDEB& lg3

ford it» and as night was closing in the light company Belief of
was ordered to remain extended in skirmishing order ^^"*^°^^*
behind the bank of the canal» and Colonel Leith Hay, ^^^'
with the few men of No. 8, retomed to the Martini^
compound. Captain Cornwall, with the three companies
which had been detached in the aftemooni also returned.
The Grenadiers and No. 1, however, remained holding
detached positions to the left of the army.

During the day the rear guard, under Lieutenant*
Colonel Ewart (of which two hundred of the 98rd formed
a part), was engaged with the enemy, but drove them
back without losing a single cart.

The casualties of the regiment throughout the day's
operations amounted to one man killed and eleven men
wounded.

The army passed the night of the 14th in the open
air, and lay down on the ground to rest in the positions
gained during the day. The wounded of the regiment
were carried to the Martini^e, where they were visited
late at night by Sir Colin Campbell, who kindly ordered
that the men should be furnished with whatever they
wanted, from his own supplies.

On the morning of the 16th of November, No. 8 was
sent out to take the place of the light company, ordered.
further to the left to protect a battery of artilleiy in
position near the Cawnpore road, and during the whole
day the head-quarters, increased by the addition of the
two hundred that had formed part of the rear guard on
the previous day, remained, some extended along the
bank in rear of the Martini^e compound opposite the
canal, and the rest in column behind, exposed to a con*
stant musketry fire.

The casualties in the 98rd on the 16th amounted to
only one man killed and two wounded, which latter, with
the wounded of the previous day, were carried to the field

184 HISTORIOAL BECOBDS OF THB

Relief of bospital formed at the Dilkoosha, thus removing every

* Dckno
1857.

f ^* impediment to any sudden movement that might become

necessary.

Late in the evening all the detached parties were
called in^ and the regiment, on being relieved by part of
Greathed's brigade, retired to a position close under the
Martini^re and bivouacked for the night*

The force was under arms at 6 a.m. on the 16th, and
formed in rear of the dry bed of the canal en masse, at
quarter distance column, and about 9 o'clock advanced
close along the western bank of the Goomtee for about
two miles, when the head of the column encountered
the enemy in a wood close to a large village on the
southern outskirts of the city, and drove them in on
their supports. Through this village the troops had to
pass, but the enemy not expecting our appearance in
this quarter, were not in great numbers, and conse*
quently, fortunately for us, the opposition met with was
not great. Had they been in sufficient force, we must
have suffered severely in the narrow paths and lanes
around and in the village.

The 98rd on this day was the leading regiment of the
main column, and it was some time before it could be
got up, in consequence of the press in the narrow lanes,
to support the skirmishers of the 68rd, who were strug-
gling with the enemy amongst the enclosures. The
enemy having been driven back in this quarter, the 98rd
emerged from the tortuous lanes of the village into an
open space directly opposite to the Secundrabagh, a high
walled enclosure about 160 yards square and loopholed
aU round. Here the regiment deployed into line, ex-
posed while doing so to a biting musketry fire from the
loopholed building, and to avoid this Colonel Leith Hay
was ordered to move the regiment under cover of a low
mud wall about eighty yards from the southern face of

1887.

93BD SUTHEBLAin) mGHLANDBBfl. 185

the Secundrabagh, while some guns were being placed B«li«ror
in position in an open space between the Secundrabagh
and another boilding opposite on the west side, for the
purpose of breaching the south-western angle of the
former.

As the last company of the regiment (the light under
Captain Dalzell) was moving into its place in line, the
Commander-in-Chief called upon it to drag up a heayy
gun to assist in breaching the wall. Willingly and gal-
lantly was the difficult and dangerous duty performed,
and the huge gun wheeled into position under a most
withering fire.

Whilst the breach was being made, Colonel Leith
Hay with a portion of the regiment took possession of a
large Serai or enclosure opposite the Secundrabagh,
driving the enemy out before them, and in the mean
time the breach having been considered practicable, the
assault was given by the Punjab Bifles and seven com-
panies of the 98rdt supported by part of the 58rd and
the battalion of detachments.

It was a glorious and exciting rush, for on went side
by side the Sikh and the Highlander. Our men strained
eveiy nerve in the race, the officers leading gallantly.
The colours so lately confided to the 98rd by His Boyal
Highness the Duke of Cambridge were carried by Ensigns
Robertson and Taylor.

The greater part of the regiment dashed at the
breach, and amongst the first were Captain Burroughs,
Lieutenant Cooper, and Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart.

At the same time Captains Cornwall and Stewart,
with their companies (Nos. 2 and 8), were Advancing
towards the barracks.

The opening in the wall of the Secundrabagh was so
small that only one man could enter at a time ; but a
few having gained an entrance, kept the enemy at bay

186 HISTOBIOAL BEOORDS OF THB

Belief of until a considerable number of otir men and Of the Sikhs

^' had pushed in, when in a body they emerged into the

^^^' open square of the building, where commenced the
sternest and most bloody struggle of the whole campaign.
Shortly after the breach had been entered, and while
our men were fighting hand to hand against unequal
numbers inside the Secundrabagh, the greater portion of
the stormers and their supports, owing to the smallness
of the hole they would have had to pass through, turned
off to seek another entrance, and eventually forced their
way in through the main gate, the 68rd effecting an en-
trance by a window. Still with desperate courage the
defence went on, and the Sepoys obstinately defended
themselves with musket and tulwar against the bayonet
and fire of the Highlanders, the 68rd, and the Punjab
Bifles ; but there was no escape for them 1 Our soldiers,
roused to the highest pitch of excitement, and burning to
avenge the slaughter of Gawnpore, fought furiously on,
gave no quarter, and did not stay their hands while one
single enemy stood to oppose them. No, not until at the
close of the day the building formed one mighty chamel
house, for upwards of two thousand dead Sepoys, dressed
in their old uniforms, lay piled in heaps upon each other,
and on most were apparent either the small but deadly
bayonet wound, or the deep gash of the Sikh tulwar. We
did not, however, pass scatheless through this fiery contest.
Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart, the senior officer who
entered by the breach, had at once advanced by the path
he saw to the right as he got in. Lieutenant Cooper,
of the 9Srd, and Captain J. T. Lumsden,* of the 80th

^ It is right tbat I sbould say, I have read the account gi^en of
thia ai&ir by Colonel Malleson in his " History of the Indian Mutiny,"
in which he says, ** No other officer accomjpanied them" (Lieutenant-
Colonel Ewart and Lieutenant Cooper) ; in this, however, he is evidently,
misinfonned, for I have the le$t authority, that of Lieutenant- General
Ewart, for stating that Captain Lumsden was also with him. And in

v-^

■ ■ v . | ^.M> iyW|fii w ^^ w » j^i ii» m i j^ ^.**^ :/'v'^ "^z

># . > >

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHIJLKDER& 187 :{

■f

Bengal Native Infantry, attached to the regiment as B«Ueror j;

interpreter, accompanied him, vith some soldiers. They

came upon a large body of the enemy on taming, to the
left at the end of the path. Captain Lnmsden, who was
himself a Scotchman, a native of Aberdeenshire, was
killed as he was cheering on his countrymen, waving his
sword above his head, and calling out, '' Come on, men,
for the honour of Scotland ! *' Lieutenant Cooper also
displayed the .greatest gallantry in fearlessly attacking
superior numbers, and received a severe wound on his
forehead in a personal encounter with a native officer
whom he killed* Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart at the
same time was engaged in a desperate fight with several
of the enemy, and after a sharp passage of arms with one
who appeared to be a leader, whom he had attacked with
his sword, he was compelled to use his revolver, shooting
this man and five others here. Shortly afterwards,
seeing a colour in one of the rooms, he detemuned to
take possession of it, and was attacked by two native
officers defending it, receiving from them two sword-cut
wounds, one on the right arm, the other on his hand.
He eventually killed his antagonists and captured the
colour. Eight of the rebels in the Secundrabagh thus
fell by his hand.

Captain Burroughs, who on entering the breach
had taken the path leading to the left accompanied by
some of the men, was soon in the midst of a number
of the mutineers, and received a slight wound from
a sword which cut open his ear and cheek, his life,
however, being saved by his feather bonnet.* Captain

ft letter to me, dated 22Dd June, 1882, he adds, ** If any man deaenred
the Victoria Cross that day it was poor Lumsden, who was, as 70a
know, attached to the 93rd as interpreter. I never saw any man in all
my service hehave more gallantly, and had he notheen killed I should
have tried to get it for him.**— B. H. B.

* It is deserving of special notice that the lives of at least two

1S57.

188 HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THE

Relief of Dalzell was killed Tnthin the building by a shot from

^' a window above. Lieutenant Edward Welch was very

^^7* seriously wounded by a musket shot ; Ensign Macnamara»
slightly by a sword out on the head. The sergeant-
major, Donald Murray, had been one of the first to fall;
he was shot dead as he advanced in his proper place
in the regiment.

While the struggle was going on at the Secundrabagh
a brilliant feat was performed by Captain W. G. Drum-
mond Stewart, who was with the companies (Nos. 2
and 8) which had moved away to keep down the flank
fire of the enemy while the breaching was going on. A
party of men of the OSrd, with a few of the 68rd, were
led by him against two of the enemy's guns which werd
raking the road ; these they captured in the most gallant
style, and immediately afterwards a lodgment was
effected in the barracks, an immense building in the
shape of a cross with a tower in the centre, which stood
in a sort of large square with out-houses round the
greater part. This secured our position on the left, and
to connect this important post with the Secundrabagh,
the 68rd and a company of the 98rd were extended in
skirmishing order between them.

All this was effected by three o'clock, p.m.
The regimental hospital had been established by
Dr. Munro early in the day beneath the walls of the
Secundrabagh, and throughout the struggle, and in the
midst of the hottest fire, he, as well as the assistant-
surgeons, Sinclair, Menzies, and Bell, were to be seen
exposing themselves fearlessly in attendance on the
wounded.

officers were sAxed bj means of their bonnets in tbe band to band
figbt within the Secundrabagh, thus proving that the feather bonnet
is as useful in battle as it is at all times splendid In appearance. It is,
I believe, intended to abolish this head dress.— R. H. B.

1857.

93bd sxttherlakd momjosmmm. 189

Almost immediately after these positions had been Keller of

carried, the 4th brigade was withdrawn by Brigadier **

Hope, with the exception of the two companies of the
93rd occupying the barracks, and formed np under cover
of some rained buildings to the left front, about two
hundred yards in advance of the Secundrabagh, where
the Commander-in-Chief had temporarily established his
head-quarters. Thence, after a short rest, the brigade
was sent to clear a village on the right of the road
leading to the Residency, and between the Secundra-
bagh and Shah Nujjif, which, having been easily effected,
the brigade remained under cover in the village, until
preparations were made to attack the Shah Nujjif, as it
was found impossible to maintain our position without
carrying that point also, for it commanded those abready
taken and was strongly garrisoned. To effect this,
Captain Peel, B.N., took up an oblique position across
the road leading to the Residency, his left resting on the
ruined huts before mentioned, and opened a fire from
all his guns on the Shah Nujjif, but after a bombardment
of upwards of three hours it was found to be impossible
to subdue the enemy's musketry fire by artillery. Sir
Colin Campbell then collected the 98rd around him and
thus addressed the regiment : —

'' I had no intention of employing you again to-day»
but the Shah Nujjif must be taken. The artillery cannot
drive the enemy out, so you must with the bayonet ! **

Giving the regiment some plain directions as to how
they were to proceed, he said he would accompany them
himself.

At this moment the Naval Brigade redoubled their
fire, and Middleton's troop of horse artillery galloped to
the front, unlimbered, and poured a continuous stream
of grape shot into the brushwood and enclosures round
the building, and under cover of this iron storm the

190 HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THB

Belief of SSrd, imder Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay* aU excited

^^' to the highest degree, rolled on in one vast wave ; the

1857. g^y haired chief, Sir Colin, with drawn sword riding at
its head, surrounded by his stafF and accompanied by
Brigadier Adrian Hope.

As they approached the nearest angle of the building
the men began to drop under the enemy's fire, poured
forth from behind the loopholed walls ; still not a man
wavered, and on went the regiment without a check,
until they stood at the foot of the waU which towered
many feet above them uninjured by our shot.

There was no breach, there were no scaling ladders,
and unable to advance, yet not inclined to retire, they
commenced a musketry battle with the garrison, of
course at great disadvantage, for the Sepoys poured in
their deadly volleys securely from behind their cover
while our men stood exposed without shelter or protec-
tion of any kind, and many fell. By this time nearly
aU the mounted officers were either wounded or dis-
mounted. Brigadier Hope, his aide-de-camp (Lieutenant
Butter) and his brigade-major had their horses shot
under them. Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay's horse was
disabled by a musket shot, and two of the Commander-in-
Chiefs stafF were seriously wounded.* As there was no
visible means of gaining an entrance on this side, a
party of the regiment pushed round the angle to the
' front gate, but found it so well covered and protected by
a strong work of masonry as to be perfectly unassailable.
One more desperate effort was therefore made by
artillery and two of Peel's guns, brought up under cover
of the fire of the 98rd and dragged by men of the
regiment, Brigadier Hope, Colonel Hay, and Sir David
Baird (Sir Golin's A.-D.-C.) assisting and setting an

* Major, now Major-Gkneral, 8ir Archibald AlUon, Bart, K.C.B.,
had his arm shattered and afUrwaida amputated.

- , n i T ,«ii.i« , ^ '«--'■-' V >-r- ■*• -^*" ■*' ■^*-f'*«* a>iiinw*f ni>iMi*»*T

93rd 8UTHBBLAKD HIGHLANI)ER& 191

example — such was the determination of every one, not lUUefoT

only to do his duty, bat to drive the enemy from their

stronghold ; and although they showered their btdlets ^^^'
like hail, the guns were boldly placed in position, and
hurled their shot in rapid succession at only a few
yards distance ; still no impression could be made.

Success seemed impossible. The rocket frames were
brought up and threw their missiles close over the waU
into the building; under cover of this the guns were
withdrawn, and the wounded ordered to be collected. In
this last duty great coolness and courage were displayed
by Lieutenant Edward Septimus Wood, of the Grenadier
company, and Ensign Macnamara, who at great risk and
under a galling fire from the enemy, assisted in bringing
in several of the regiment, who were badly wounded and
lying exposed.

Evening was closiug in fast, and the assault must
necessarily soon cease, but one last effort was made by
Brigadier Hope, who, collecting some fifty men of the
98rd, crept cautiously through the brushwood, guided
by Sergeant J. Paton of the regiment to a part of the
wall iu which the sergeant had discovered a spot so
injured that he thought an entrance might be effected
by it. They reached this unperceived and found a
narrow rent, np which a single man was pushed with
some difficulty. He reported that no enemy was visible
near the spot, and inmediately Brigadier Hope, accom-
panied by Colonel Hay and several of the men scrambled
up, and stood upon the inside of the waU. The Sappers
were immediately sent for, and enlarged the opening,
more of the 93rd followed, and Brigadier Hope with
his party gaining the main gate, threw it open, when
in rushed the regiment just iu time to see the enemy
retreating.

This important point at last in our possession

■ ,.,... — ^ -- ^1 -.- ^j^ .. f^ ^j - ^iniigi

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• L ^ ^s ^ r -* I •* ^I fc ltTlM'i j r i TlV-^ T'Y II il l m i ii ii

192

HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THE

Relief of terminated the desperate struggle of the day, and not only

° ^ secored for us all the other positions previously taken

^^7- but ensured the relief of the Residency. Two officers.
Lieutenants Samuel Edward Wood and Oliver Gold-
smith, were here severely wounded, and a number of the
men were killed and wounded.

The firing now ceased, and silence reigned over the
position ; the wounded were brought under the walln of
the Secundrabagh, where their iiy'uries were dressed, and
where in security and comparative comfort they passed
the night, and the little army, wearied by its mighty
efforts, lay down upon the hard won ground to rest.

The casualties throughout the day amounted to two
officers and twenty-three men killed, seven officers and
sixty-one men wounded. The officers killed were Captain
Dalzell, commanding the light company, and Captain
Lumsden, attached to the regiment. The wounded

were: —

•

Lieut-Colonel J. A. E wart, severelj

8word cuts.

Captain

F. W. Burroughs, slightly

Sword out.

Lieutenant

Cooper, severely . •

Sword ontb

£. Welch, very severely

Gun shot

»»

Sam. E. Wood, severely •

Gunshot

•t

Goldsmith, severely .

Gun shot

Ensign

F. R. Macnamara, slightly

Sword cut

Early on the morning of the 17th of November, as
soon as there was daylight sufficient to enable us to dis-
tinguish objects, the regimental colour of the 98rd was
hoisted on the highest pinnacle of the Shah Nujjif, to
inform the garrison of the Residency of our success.
They saw and replied to our signal. This act was
performed by Lieutenant and Adjutant McBean, assisted
by Sergeant Hutchinson, and it was by no means
unattended with danger, for the enemy, on perceiving
their intention, immediately opened fire, but fortunately

»i.« .jgm»kmim^^mmtm^^*0jiim^i-^m* * ■ » ■■ ^ ^

»»M»w' f fc ■«■ <wi^*<Jii I iii^i iMyHi jl *>».*>Mi^aiMii

93rd SUTUBBLAND HIGHLANDBB&

193

Lndniow.
18S7.

without injuring either. The whole foree then got under Ealleror
arms in silenoe, prepared to continue the attack, and at
the same time the gongs pi the city and the buj^es and
drums of the enemy were heard calling their troops to their
different positions, for the purpose of attack as was at
first supposed. They did not attempt this, however, but
opened a fire of round shot on the Serai near the Secun-
drabagh, whither the surgeon, Dr. Munro, had carried
the wounded for greater protection and safety. Shortly
afterwards our guns, opened on the European mess
house and hospital, two buildings in advance of the
barracks, which were afterwards carried by the 68rd
and 90th, who, excited by succe8S,.pur8ued the enemy to
the gates of the Motee Mahal, entered through a breach
made by the Sappers, drove the enemy out, and estab-
lished themselves in it.

a ■ •

The regiment was not employed on this day further
than in holding the positions taken the previous day
(barracks and Shah Nujjif), and the head-quarters were
taken under shelter to the village from which they had
issued the evening before to attack the Shah Nujjif.

The communication with the Residency was now
opened, and Generals Outram and Havelock came out to
meet the Commander-in-Chief, by whom a message was
immediately sent to the different corps informing them of
the circumstance. The news was joyously received by
the regiment, and loud, spirit-stirring cheers burst forth
and rang through the air from position to position. On
the evening of this day all the wounded were sent back
to the Dilkoosha, so that the dooleys might be available
for the removal of the women, children, and sick and
wounded from the Besidency.

On the evening of the 18th, No 1 company, under
Captain Clarke, was sent for by Brigadier Hope and
ordered to occupy the Motee Mahal. The regiment was

194 HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB

Belief of BOW Completely brokeB np, holding the different positions
^"^- won, and keeping np from these positions a musketry
1857. fi|.g Qjj i]^Q enemy whenever opportunity occurred.

The distribution was as follows: — ^Head-quarters
under Colonel Leith Hay, consisting of 120 men of dif-
ferent companies, remained during the day in the village
between the Secundrabagh and the Shah Nujjif, and at
night moved across towards the Serai in rear of the
European barracks, to protect the road leadmg from the
large buildings occupied by the enemy to the left of our
position, and also to protect the open space on the right
of the barracks. Four companies, under Lieutenant-
Colonel Ewart, held the barracks. The company under
Captain Clarke held the Motee Mahal, and guarded on
one side the road leading from the Eesidency. On the
other side of the road the Hamkhfina and engine house
were held by part of the troops from the Residency, who
had carried these positions on the evening of the 17th,
thus, securing the exit of the garrison. One company
and part of the light company, under Captain Dawson,
held the Shah Nujjif, and kept in check one of the
enemy's batteries placed close down on the eastern bank
of the Goomtee, and which enfiladed the road from the
Besidency.

All these different parties were constantly on the
alert, and exposed night and day to the enemy's artil-
lery and musketry fire.

On this day there was only one man of the regiment
wounded.

On the night of the 19th, the removal from the
Besidency of the sick and wounded, women and children,
baggage, treasure, etc., commenced, and continued during
the 20th and 21st: and to assist and cover these'
operations from the observation of the enemy. Captain
Peel kept up a heavy fire on the Kaiser Bagh, and

18S7.

93BD 8UTHEBLAKD HIGHLAKDEBa 195

continued to pour in shot and shell until midnight of the B«U«f oT
22nd, when everything being ready (and all the guns in
the Residency that could not be removed, destroyed) the
garrison began to retire through the outposts, and then
the latter also commenced to retire. In the words of
the account in ** Blackwood's Magazine/' * ** the pickets
fell back through the supports, the supports glided away
between the intervals of the reserves," and when all had
passed, the reserve itself quietly withdrew into the lane
through which on the 16th we had approached the
Secundrabagh.

The brigade to which the 98rd belonged had the
honour of covering the retreat,! as it had led the
advance of the main body on the 16th. The head-
quarters of the 9Srd, consisting of the parties from the
Motee Mahal and the Shah Nujjif, and the 120 men that
had been before with Colonel Hay, retired by the lane
and village ; while the party from the barracks, .under
Colonel Ewart, retired by a different route ; and early on
the morning of the 23rd of November the whole regiment
was together again in the grounds round the Martini^,
and retired and bivouacked behind the Dilkoosha during
the afternoon of that day.

On the 19th one man was wounded, on the 20th one
man was killed, on the 22nd one wounded, and on the
28rd four men were wounded.

Thus was accomplished one of the most difficult
and daring achievements ever attempted, for such it
must be acknowledged it was, when we consider that
with a force scarcely exceeding four thousand. Sir Colin
Campbell, opposed by upwards of forty thousand
regularly trained soldiers supplied with all the munitions

* Of October, 185&

t The 63rd, Under command of BreTet-LieuteDant-Oolunel C'H.
Gordon, formed the retr guard.

^ i ii Mi iiai w<r •■■ -a-i.^^. ..I— *>.irf. . .i^. , ^. ■.^..•^. . ^ .^ ,- ,,, . , ^^ ^ ^ .^ _ it -"rtl

Mfa

. I

« ■

■ < I •

,!: i • • .

V i 196 HISTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THE

; j " BdiefoT of war, far exceeding ours, and holding one of the

• 1 ' strongest positions imaginable, penetrated into their

j 1^^* midst, oarried one fortified position after another, and

finally brought away in safety jBvery living man, woman
' ' and child shut up in the Residency, together with their

baggage, treasure, etc*

At the Dilkoosha the regiment resumed charge of its

own wounded, which had been sent to the rear on the

; - evening of the 17th, and on the following day, when the

army fell back on the Alumbagh, they were aU removed
from the field to the regimental hospitaL

Two very unfortunate events occurred on the morning
of the 28rd. A corporal and three men were terribly
burnt by the accidental explosion of a quantity of gun-
powder which had been Teft on the ground, and all died a
day or two afterwards. The accident is said to have
been caused through a spark Calling from a Qoldier's pipe.
And Colour-Sergeant David Enox, of No. 2 company, was
lost. He had formerly been in the 78th Highlanders,
which regiment, having come out of the Besidency, was
dose by. He had been mustered in the morning, . and
naturally enough went- to see his old comrades. He
continued absent so long that inquiries were made
for him, when it was ascertained that he had remained
some time with the 78th and left them just before dawn,
saying he must return to the 98rd. From that moment
nothing was ever heard of him. He may have missed
his way and fallen into the hands of the enemy, but it is
supposed to be more probable that in the uncertain light
he fell into one of the many deep wells which abound at
Lucknow*

The enemy within the city was certainly not aware
of our intention to retire, or even of the fact of our
having done so, for they continued during the night
to fire into the positions that had been occupied by our

93HD 8UTUEBLAND HIGHLAKDEBS.

197

18S7

pickets. This was yerified by one of the sergeants of ^^j^^
the 98rd, Alexander McPherson, who was Accidentally
left behind at the barracks when that post was qtiitted
at 2 a^m. After the roll had been called he (being worn
out with hard work) sat down, and unnoticed fell asleep.
He stated that on waking he was surprised to find
himself alone, and to hear a constant dropping fire from
the enemy, while no reply was made from our side. He
guessed the direction he ought to take, and effected his
retreat in safety that morning.

Officebs of TBI 03bd Hiohlakdbbs fbesxht at TBS Beusf

OF Lucsvow.

>»

Brigadier Hope.
Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay.
Major (BreTei-Lieut-Col.) C H.

Gordon (in command of

63id).
„ J. A« Ewart.
Captain G. Cornwall
„ Middleton.

DalzelL

Bunougha.

Stewart.

Clarke.

Dawson.

a W. McDonald.

WillUms.

Lieutenant Cooper.
Welch.
Grimston.
Butter (staff >
Stirling.

E. H. D. Macpherson.
J. Gordon.
Kigbtingale.
Hyslop.
Alexander.
£.aWood.

»»

>•

Lieutenant S. E. Wood.
^ Losack.
n Burgoyne.
u Gooch.
M F. Mac^enon. .
„ . Haynea.
»i Grdg.
M Gbldsmith.
,, Sergleon.
Ensign Forbea-Robertaon.
« Taylor.

M J. Deans CampbelL
„ Hastie.
Macnamara.
Fullarton.
^ Potts. .
M Dunlop Hay.
Lieut and Adjutant McB<ian«
t^aymaster Blake.
Quarter-master Jolnev.
Surgeon W. Munia
Assistant-Surgeon Sinclair.
^ Menslea.

» N. BeU.

Interpreter^ Captidn Lumsden.

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■bHBiMtfuAah«MMIHMiMMMAafeMMMMMMM»««i

tttejHK-w

k,iM>^<|MI

198

HISTORICAL BBCORDS OF THB

Relief of Extract from nominal list of non-commissioned officers
.... ' and men killed, wounded, and missing in the force
18S7. under the command of His Excellency the Commander-

in-Chief in the operations before Lncknow, from the
12th to the 22nd of November, 1857 :—

9dRD HlGHLAlTOKBS. EUiLBD.

SgU-Major Donald Murray.
Corporal John McLean.
Private Charles Hussey.
„ Robert Neil.

David Reid.

James Sweenj*

Alexander ToungsoD.

John Allan.

Andrew Allan.

Edward Halfpenny.

Matthew McDonald.

Thomas McGregor.

William Mcintosh.

Thomas McCnlloch.

Private John Roj.

Finlay McKencie.
Thomas Naylor.
Bobert Foot
William Hunter.
Gkorge McArthnr.
John Murray.
Peter Murray.
Joseph Thomson.
Alexander Smith.
Thomas Hope^
NeU McLeod.
Benjamin Bubertson.
Hugh MoLeod.

»»•

WOUHDXD.

CoL-Sgt James McPherson.
Sergeant James Munro.
Bobert Swanson.
EleazerSa^
George Cuthill (since

dead).
James Morrison.
James Bannerman.
Corporal Andrew Cooper.
James Hume.
John Wedderspoon.
Alexander Fraser.
James Carroll
Edward McDonald
Drummer James Grant (since

dead).
Private James Houston (since
dead)L
„ William McKenzie.
M James Wyllie.

»»

Piper

Private James Williamson.
James Gilfillan.
Hugh CunanduC
B<3bert Davidson.
Peter Dunn.
Bobert Anderson.
James Campbell
David Crighton.
Andrew Gibeon.
Lawrence Gibeon.
George Gilchrist.
James Hanny.
John Dunlay.
James Chisholm.
John Clarke.
Duncan Fleming.
David McRay.^
James Sanderson.
William Eirkland.
William Smith.

»9

»f

»•

iM-i - *Tf-' *

'• -•■ "—^ ^ -^-^ j>^~^-'^*'>-'- 1* ' [ ^ m iUi'tm r-*'" -"^ T ihkr ■^ lY tt-iLjitr

93rd SUTHEBLAND mOHLANDEBS.

199

WOUNDBD.—

-(oon itfiiM

rf.)

Belief or

Priyata

Samuel Cutler.

Private

Alexander . Drjsdale

Lueknov.

»»

(dnce dead)r

1857.

James McGowie.

Christopher Porter.

■

»t

Jamea Reid.

•

Robert Douglas.

Adam Birnie.

Thomas Morrison.

William Stewart

William Milwkk.

John DuC

Charles Horn.

Robert Herd man.

•

John Kerr.

Jamea McDermoti.

James Ritchie.

•

Peter DuDcan.

Fiands Muir.

Thomas McKaj.

Alexander Riddle..

Angus McDonald.

William Reid.

John Clarke.

James Purdie.

John Fisher(8ince dead)L

John LesUe^

ff»

John McBirnie.

James McKende.

William Petrie. '

WUliam Molntosh.

>»

Alexander Fraser.

John Taylor.

Mnsmo.

Juhn Simpson (iiince

Col.-Sgt. Alexander Knox.

dead).

Private

William Mitchell

Personal Narratives of thb Stormino of

Seoumdrabagh.

'Note. — ^Having (as alteady stated) read the account
given by Colonel Malleson in his '' History of the Indian
Matiny," of the storming of the Secundra Bagh, I asked
General Burroughs and Colonel Cooper to give me each
his o^m statement of the affair. They both very kindly
acceded to my request.

It will be seen that on entering the breach in the
angle of the wall, Captain Burroughs took the path to
the left, Lieutenant Cooper that to the right — thus they
did not meet. On the way to the breach after the order
to assault had been given, men were being knocked over,
and altogether it is easy to imagine how each should
believe he was the first through it.

?*-.-"-j; *«ib*«f^-J**«rf^

L^A»jijfaw<«fc»A«^i>.»iiMr

200

HISTOBIOAL BECOBDS OF THB

Belief of Lieutenant-General P. W. T. Burroughs's narrative of

Luoknow* •

— the storming of the Secnndra Bagh : — *

1857. ^, ^ -

jAmt' " ^y company, No. 6, \rith Lieutenant Gordon

Cteoeral Alexander and Ensign Dunlop Hay, was on outlying

longbt's piquet on the 15th of November, 1857. before Lucknow.

of the ^^0 SP^^ o^ horse artillery, commanded by Lieutenantr

®2J2^ George Balfour Traill, were also under my orders. We

were recalled to camp during the night of the 15th.

''On the morning of the 16th, before dawn, the
troops destined for the relief of the pent-up garrison of
Lucknow were paraded in silence under the trees where
we had bivouacked that night. After marching for some
little time along the bank of the river Goomtee, we found
ourselves (the 9Srd Highlanders) in the tortuous streets
of a native village and under fire of the enemy.

" On debouching with difficulty from the village, in
which there was a regular block of all arms, we found
ourselves on the high road leading to the Kaiser Bagh,
with the Sekundra Bagh, a fortified enclosure, on our
right front. On our immediate right was a copse of
trees, fenced in by a low mud wall and ditch. Into this
copse the 98rd was ordered to advance, and then to lie
down under shelter of the trees and of the wall. Guns
were brought up to the comer of the road, and a fire
was commenced on a bastion of the Sekundra Bagh. At
the same time the 98rd was ordered to open a fire of
musketry against the loopholes from which tiie enemy
were firing at us.

''In due course a small breach was made in the
bastion A.

"The guns ceased firing, and Brevet-Lieutenant-
Colonel Ewart, who had been standing near the guns,
advanced along the front of the mud wall behind which
we were lying, and shouted to the 98rd to advance.

d3BD SDTHBBUNI) HIGHLAMDEBa

" I had been atanding in a gap of tliia waU (marked
witb a x) JQBt in front of the breach, and had been
firing at the loopholea with nfles loaded and handed to
me b; m; men. On hearing Colonel Ewart'e oonunaad to

18B7.
Uent-
Bnr-

advance I shouted to my company, " Forward, No. 6 1 "
and I made straight aoioES the open ground for the
breach, followed by my men. I arrived first at the
breach, which was but a very small hole, and I had to
dear some masonry out before I could get through it. I
was the first to scramble tbrouj^ it, and fell on my
hands and knees into the interior of the bdilding. In
doing 80 my feather bonnet tumbled oS my head and
rolled into the room in which I funnd myself. The room
was fall of Sepoys running hither and thither. Some
fired at me, but I was not touched, and whether they
took my feather bonnet for a bomb-shell or what, I know

( X .v f.fVi r -TiT'^t' lift a -frfVi J -Tin --- -■*^if ■" --... r^'^ •-:.♦■• ..w^ f <- .-•.. w. a., j^ airy&« ■'j...l.-. w. .v- »a>-<tte.>^a.j*. tari^.^'.:. ^

202 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THS

Relief of not, but they all providentially ran away. Had they not

^' done 80 my days would have been at an end, for I could

1^^- not have Buccessfully resisted so many. As soon as
Genend three or four men had wriggled through the breach I
[ J^Wm Advanced with them in pursuit of the Sepoys. We had

\ "^^TtiSj* ^^^^^®®^ about half-way along a pathway in a garden

Seoondra towards the gateway B, when a number of the enemy
made a rush out of the gate-house. Having but three
men with me — Corporal Bobert Fraser, Lance-corporal
John Dunlay, and Private William Nairn — and one of
these, Dunlay, having been struck in the leg by a mus-
ket ball, we retired (back to A), and commenced firing,
which checked the men coming at us. As soon as a few
more men had got through the breach I again advanced
with them to the gate-house B, which we found occupied
by the enemy, and with, whom we immediately entered
into a hand-to-hand fight. In this scuffle, and whilst
some of my party were endeavouring to open the gates,
I received a tulwar (sword) cut on the head from one of
the enemy as I was cutting at another. My feather
bonnet saved my head and my life. It was dented in
like a bishop's mitre. I was slightly stunned, but I am
thankful to say I escaped with but a slight wound, cutting
open my right ear and cheek. Private Higgins, I believe,
shot the man who cut me down. As I fell, my party had
succeeded in unfastening the gates, which were burst in
from the outside, and in poured officers and men of the
98rd, 53rd, etc. Captain Clarke, of the 9Srd, very kindly
gave me a drink from his flask, as I felt faint, and I
soon revived.

*' Sir Colin Campbell entered the Secundra Bagh on

horseback by the gateway, and seeing my breast covered

with blood he stopped and spoke to me, and asked if I

was much hurt, and hearing I was not he passed on.

** Having met me in the gateway, Sir Colin imagined

93bd sutherlaxd Highlanders. 203

that I was one of the party that had entered that way, Bdiefor

and nothing would persuade him to the contrary. And

when my name was sent in to him for the Yietorif^ Gross

for being the first through the breach, he scouted the Omml

idea. Brigadier Hope, who espoused my cause and ,oq^,
tried to explain the matter to Sir Colin, told me that Sir "^^J*
Colin had got it fixed into his mind that I had been one Bwi^ba
of the gateway party, and that he simply dare not argue
the matter with him.

'' Besides No. 3487 Corporal Robert Fraser, Lance-
CorporaJ John Duulay, and 2400 Private William Nairn,
who were the first through the breach after me, the
undermentioned were with me in the hand-to-hand en-
counter in the gateway, vLe. No. 2806 Corporal John
Macdonald, 3355 Private Matthew Campbell, 8564
Private Robert Anderson, and Private Edward Conly, aU
of my company, and also Private Higgins of No. 6 com-
pany. There may have been others whose names I do
not remember.

" Lance-corporal J. Dunlay was awarded the Victoria
Cross for this event, in the London Gazette of the 24th of
December, 1858, in the following terms : —

" ' For being the first man now surviving of the regi-
ment (93rd Sutherland Highlanders) who on the 16th of
November, 1857, entered one of the breaches of the
Secundrabagh at Lucknow with Captain Burroughs,
whom he most gallantly supported against superior
numbers of the enemy.

'* ' Elected by the private soldiers of the regiment.*

" In the same gazette (24th of December, 1858) the
following officers and men also received the Yictorii^
Cross for being amongst the first to enter the Secundra-
bagh by the gateway, viz. Lieutenant Kirke Ffrench, 68rd,
Private C. Irwin, 53rd, Private J. Smith, 1st Madras
Fusiliers, whilst Lance-Corporal Dunlay alone of my

mmmmti

204

HI8T0RI0AL BEG0BD8 OF THE

Bdief of party, on whom the brant of the opening of the gates
— * had fallen, was in any way noticed.

1857-
Lieut. •♦♦•».

Bar. ** ^J recommendation for it was in the following

'*^^" terms: —

of the "*Name of an officer recommended to receive the
Bagh. . nononrable distinction of the Victoria Gross.

H«me, age, and Mnrloe.

Captain
Frederick William

Burroughs.
Age : 271 years.
Seryice: 9}| „

riaoa and date fbr
which the claim la

Secundrabagh,

Lucknow, 16th

of November,

1857.

Description of the act t»f dlsUngnlshed
hraveiy perfbnned.

For individual gallantry in the
Secnndrabogh, being the
first who entered one of the
breaches, and engaged in
penunal combat with greatly
superior numbers of the
enemy, in which he was
wounded by a sword-cut.

(Signed) . ^* * A. S. Leith Hat, Lient.-Gol.,
*' * Commanding 98rd Highlanders.'

■

** Breyet-Lientenant-Golonel J. A. Ewart abd Cap-
tain B. Cooper were also recommended for the Victoria
Cross for their gallantry in connection with the capture
of the Secnndra Bagh. They both greatly distinguished
' themselves there.'*

From Lieutenant-Oeneral J. A. Ewart, C.B., to Lieu-

tenant-General Traill-Burroughs, C.B.,

''TatenhlU, 28th September, 1882.

*'Deab Burroughs,

''After reading your statement, I feel now
tolerably certain' that you must have been the first
person to enter the breach at the storming of the Secun-
drabagh on November the 16th, 1857.

93rd 8UTHEBLAXD HIGHLANDERa 205

" Directly I 'saw Colonel Malleson's book, I at once BeUefof
wrote to acquaint him that I saw yon in the building —
when I jumped in through the hole, and thai you were ^^^'
therefore in the Secundrabagh before I was.

" Sincerely yours,
(Signed) V J. A. Ewabt."

Lieutenant-Colonel B. A. Cooper's narrative.

'' I was lieutenant of that part of No. 6 company, 93rd Lieut-
Highlanders, which embarked with the head-quarters of ocm^mt'i
the regiment on board the steam-ship Mauritiiu. ^'^T^^
Captain Sprot and Ensign Mackenzie, the other two Secundm
officers, with the remainder of the men being left behind.
They did not join for some weeks after our retreat from
Lueknow.

'' On the morning of the 16th of November, 1857, the
left wing of the 93rd took up a position in a dump of
trees, with a low dry mud baiik in front, which afforded
the men some slight shelter. About from one hundred to
one hundred and fifty yards stood the Secunder Bagh,*
a large square loopholed building with turreted rooms at
the comers. The artillery came up in a splendid
manner and commenced to bombard. In about half
an hour the bugle sounded the * Advance ; ' I ran as
hard as I could to the hole made by the artillery fire,
cheering and waving my feather bonnet; one of the
4th Punjab Bifles, and one of the 98rd were in front of
me, both were knocked over as I jumped through the
hole. I landed all right and rushed through the sort of
r6om, took the path to the right; Colonel Ewart was
close behind me, and a few of the 93rd and Punjabees
came with us. At the end of the path I turned to the
left and came to a door leading into a courtyard where
there were hundreds of rebels. I worked away at these,

* SeeundsTt or Secundra^ Bagh } pomeiimM also spelt SeeundrahagK

206 HISTORICAL BEGOBDS OF THE

Belief of till a YBTj tall rebel, followed by others, came at me with

' a shield in his left hand and a tulwar in his right ; he

18S7. dropped his shield for a moment, we both cat at each
Oobnei other at the same instant (my sword was six inches
^^^^ longer than regulation). I caught him fair on his head,
J°^y he cut through my feather bonnet and deep into, my
Bai^ head and forehead as he fell dead. The next day I
found out that he was a native officer of the Loodiana
regiment, that had mutinied at Benares. I remained
till we were ordered out of the building : my head was
bound up by Dr. Bell, who gave me some water. I felt
very faint and fell down : when I recovered conscious-
ness I found myself in a palanquin. In the evening
Dr. Munro made a capital mend of my head, and with
his assistance I read the Burial Service over poor Dalzell
that night.

** I believe I was the first through the breach of the
Secunder Bagh, and was one of the three officers selected
by the officers of the regiment assembled and voting for
the Victoria Gross, for being the first to enter the breach,
the other two being Captain W. D. Stewart (for capturing
two guns) and Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart. No other
officer was voted for.

'* The following are copies of letters from Captain
(now Colonel) Clarke and Lieutenant Oliver Goldsmith.

•* ' Protfton Barracks, 30th^ April, 1861.

<<<Mt dear Cooper,

" ' I perfectly well remember the occasion on
which the officers of your old regiment, the 98rd High-
landers, were called upon to elect from amongst themselves
one whom they considered entitled to receive the Victoria
Gross for distinguished conduct and bravery under, fire
in the field. On that occasion I, for one, gave my vote
in your favour, conscientiously considering that you had

^■<>i m* r • ' ■■■■■ ■ ■^^M— ^— >

93BD SUTHEBLAND mOHLANDKRa 207

justly eajued the distinction so much ooveted by the Belief of

English army, when at the assault of the Secunderbagh

by the 93rd, you were, to my belief, the first man into ^®^*

the place ; Stewart was the more fortunate man on the Colonel

occasion I have above mentioned:* he got the largest ^^^^

number of votes, but at the same time,, you and Colonel ^^^

peonndm

Ewart, though not so fortunate m strength of numbers, Begh.
both deserved to receive the Y.G. I know this was the
opinion of others besides myself, but as time has con-
siderably elapsed since then, I am not able to remember
the fellows who thought as I did. Hoping your case
may appear in a favourable light before the authorities,

<< ' Believe me,

" * Tours very sincerely,

(Signed) *' * S. M. Glabd/

^« 'Cork Banracki, 29th Feb. ISeO.
'< * Mt deab Goopeb,

** ' I certainly believe you to have been the first

in the breach at the Secunderbagh, Lucknow. I did

not see Burroughs. I hope you will be successful in

obtaining the Victoria Cro^s. Ton can make whatever

use you like of this.

" * Tours very sincerely,

(Signed) '^'Ouveb Goldsmith,

*^ * Lieutenant 2-24th regiment'

" When the * History of the Indian Mutiny,' by Colonel
Malleson, was reviewed in the Timee of the 2nd of
September, 1879, 1 called Colonel Clarke's attention to
it. He wrote the following letter to that journal (sending
me a copy). The editor never published it.

** ' Relief of Lucknow, Secunderbagh, 1867.
Copy.] <"' Melroee, 9th Sept 1879.

"*SlB,

** * I beg to be allowed to note in reference to the

-' •^"-'*^ f • I I'l I • I

imm» ^^^

> ^t> J • , it' ■■•■ M> Wn-tfciar^

r^— i^- ir".-t v.-v-w se u!«i» AvAiMitf ^.^j^t^^Aj -

208

HISTORIOAL RECORDS OF THE

Relief of statement contained in your review, of Colonel Malleson's

* ' History of the Indian Mutiny/ yoL ii., in the Ti^nef,

i^^^ 2nd inst., as to the opinion, who was first in at the

Colonel breaoh of the Secunderbagh, that in my belief it was

narmtive Captain Bichard Cooper, 93rd Highlanders, who was the

Beeuadok ^^^ ™^^ ^ enter the building at the hole, and in that

Begh. belief I gave my vote in favour of him, when the name

of an officer was called for, for the Victoria Cross, afker

the relief of Lucknow.

'' ' I have the honour to be, sir,

*' * Tour obedient servant,
{Signed) " * S. M.- Clarke,

'' ' Commanding 59th md 60th, B.D., Hamilton,
late Captain 98rd Highlanders.' *'

Despatches relating to the Belief of Lucknow.
The Commander-in-Chief to the Governor-General.

** Head-quarters, Shah Nujjif, Lucknow, .
« November 18th, 1867. .

" My Lobd,

'* I have the honour to apprise your lordship,
patdhea that I left Cawnpore on November 9th, and joined the
troops under command of Brigadier-General Hope
Grant, C.B., the same day, at camp Buntara, about six
miles from the Alumbagh.

''There being a few detachments on the road, I
deemed it expedient to wait tiU the 12th, before com-
mencing my advance.

''On that day I marched early for the Alumbagh^
with thei troops named in the margin.*

* Naval Brigade, eight heavy guns ; Bengal Horse ArtUleiy, ten
guns ; Bengal Horse field .battery, sii guns ; heavy field battery, Koyal
Artillery ; detachments Bengal and Punjab Sappers and Miners ; Her
Majesty's 9th Lancers ; detachments Ist, 2nd, and 6th Punjab Cavalry
and Hodson's Horse; Her Majesty's 8th, 6drd, 76th, and 93rd Begi-
ments of Infantry ; 2nd and 4th Punjab Infantry ; probable total, 700
cavalry, 2700 infantry.

93BD BUTHBRLAKD mOHLANDERa 209 )

" The advance guard was attacked by two guns and JEUlieror
a body of about two thousand infantry. After a smart —
skirmish the guns were taken; Lieutenant Oough, ^^^*
commanding Hodson's Irregular Horse, having distin-
guished himself very much in a brilliant charge by which
this object was e£Fected«

''The camp was pitched on that evening at the
Alumbagh. This place* I found to be annoyed to a
certain extent by guns placed in di£Eerent positions in
the neighbourhood.

" I caused the post to be cleared of lumber and cattle
and placed my tents in it.

"I made my arrangements for marching without
baggage when I should reach the park of Dilkoosha, and
the men were directed to have three days* food in their
haversacks. I changed the garrison at the Alumbagh,
taking fresh men from it, and leaving Her Majesty's
75th regiment there, which had been so much harassed
by its late exertions.

'' On the 14th I expected a further reinforcement of
six or seven hundred men^ composed as per margin,*
who joined my rear guard after my march had corn*
menced in the morning of that day.

'' As I approached the park of Dilkoosha, the leading
troops were met by a long line of musketry fire.

*' The advanced guard was quickly reinforced by a
field battery and more infantry, composed of companies
of Her Majesty's 5th, 64th, and 78th Foot, under com*
mand of Lieutenant-Colonel Hamilton, Her Majesty's
78th Highlanders, supported by the 8th Foot. After a
running fight of about two hours, in which our loss was

* Detacbments Joined on and up to the 14th': — ^Two gum lladrM
Hone Artillery, reserve Royal Artillery, Boyal Engineer^ Military
Train, head-quarters Her Majesty's 23rd Royal Welsh Fusiliers,
detachment of Her Majesty's 82nd Infantiy,

210

HISTOBICAL BECOSDS OF THB

1857.
Dm*

patohei.

Belief of very inconsiderable^ the enemy was driven down the hill
' to the Martini^re, across the garden and park of the
Martinidre, and far beyond the canal.

** His loss was trifling owing to the suddenness of the
retreat.

'' The Dilkoosha and Martini^re were both occupied.
Brigadier Hope's brigade being then brought up and
arranged in position in the wood of the Martini&re at
the end opposite the canal, being flanked to the left by
Bourchier's field battery and two of Captain Peel's heavy
guns.

** Shortly after these arrangements had been made,
the enemy drew out a good many people and attacked
our position in front.

** He was quickly driven oS, some of our troops cross-
ing the canal in pursuit.

** On this occasion the 53rd, 93rd, dad a body of the
4th Punjab Sikhs distinguished themselves.

** Two very promising young officers lost their lives.
Lieutenant Mayne, Bengal Horse Artillery, Quarter-
Master-General's Department, and Captain Wheatoroft,
Carabineers, doing duty with Her Majesty's 9fh Lancers.

'' All the troops behaved very welL

** With the exception of my tents, all my heavy bag-
gage, including provisions for fourteen days for my own
force and that in Lucknow, accompanied me on my march
across country to Dilkoosha, covered by a strong rear
guard under Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart, Her Majesty's
98rd Highlanders. This officer distinguished himself
very much in this difficult command; his artillery,
under Captain Blunt, Bengal Horse Artillery, assisted
by the Boyal Artillery, under Colonel Crawford, R.A.,
having been in action for the greater part of the
day.

The rear guard did not close up to the column until

^^0t0,i^mfm0immmr ^ V » V ' m I — "f ■> ■ * * l ■

^■^-^fiMr^A^

■ VI f«MM*m«WW mui

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 211

late next day, the enemy haying hong on it until dark on Relief or

the Uth. '"'^-

" Every description of baggage having been left at 0^'
Dilkoosha, which was occupied by Her Majesty's 8th p**ohefc
regimenty I advanced direct on the Secundrabagh early
on the 16th.

''This place is a high-walled enclosure of strong
masonry, of one hundred and twenty yards square, and
was carefally loopholed aU round. It was held very
strongly by the enemy. Opposite to it was a village at
a distance of one hundred yards, which was also loop-
holed and filled with men.

** On the left of the column advancing up the lane to
the left of the Secundrabagh, fire was opened on us.
The infantry of the advance guard was quickly thrown
in skirmishing order to line a bank to the right.

'' The guns were pushed rapidly onwards, vis. Gap-
tain Blunt's troop Bengal Horse Artillery and Captain
Travers' Boyal Artillery, heavy field battery.

" The troop passed at a gallop through a oross-fire
from the village and Secundrabagh, and opened fire
within easy musketry range in a most daring manner.

** As soon as they could be pushed up a stiff bank^
two 18-pounder guns, under Captain Travers, were also
brought to bear on the building.

'' Whilst this was being effected the leading brigade
of infantry, under Brigadier the Hon. A. Hope, coming
rapidly into action, caused the loopholed village to be
abandoned, the whole fire of the brigade being then
directed on the Secundrabagh.

*' After a time a large body of the enemy, who were
holding ground to the left of our advance, were driven
by parties of the 58rd and 98rd, two of Captain BlunVs
guns aiding the movement.

'' The Highlanders pursued their advantage and

212 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

Relief of seized the barraoks, and immediately converted it into

* a military post, the 68rd stretching in a long line of

]>^' skirmishers in the open plain and driving the enemy
patehei^ before them.

''The attack on the Secnndrabagh had now been
proceeding for abont an hour and a half, when it was
determined to take the place by storm through a small
opening which had been made. This was done in a
most brilliant manner by the remainder of the High-
landers and the 58rd and the 4th Punjab Infantry,
supported by a battalion of detachments under Major
Bamston.

** There never was a bolder feat of arms, and the
loss inflicted on the enemy after the entrance of the
Secundrabagh was effected was immense; more than
two thousand of the enemy were afterwards carried put.

** The officers who led these regiments were Lieute-
nant-Colonel Leith Hay, Her Majesty's 98rd High-
landers; Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon, Her Majesty's
98rd Highlanders ; Captain Walton, Her Majesty's 68rd
Foot; Lieutenant Paul, 4th Punjab Lifantry (since
dead) ; and Major Bamston, Her Majesty's 90th Foot.

" Captain Peers royal naval siege train then went to
the front and advanced towards the Shah Nujjif, together
with the field battery and some mortars, the village to
the left having been cleared by Brigadier Hope and
Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon.

^* The Shah Nujjif is a domed mosque with a garden,
of which the most had been made by the enemy. The
wall of the inclosure of the mosque was loopholed with
great care. The entrance to it had been covered by a
regular work in masonry, and the top of the building
was crowned with a parapet. From this, and from the
defences in the garden, an unceasing fire of musketry
was kept up from the commencement of the attack.

^■ .^ ...■ ri p 'M .*. « ■ ' "l L ..■ ■■ ■ M > ."i" 7 .. >> « ■ Jill ■ i >» . ll 7 lWil J i' M » J I t j Tvf mi w ui ifi»*<rJW'^

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 213

''This position was defended with great resolution BaUefof

against a heavy cannonade of three hoars. It was ..then ^*

stormed in the boldest manner by the 93rd Highlanders ^^*
under Brigadier Hope, snpported by a battalion of detach- pAtobes.
ments under Major Bamston, who was, I regret to say,
severely wounded; Captain Peel leading up his heavy
guns with extraordinary gallantry, within a few yards of
the building, to batter the massive stone walls. The
withering fire of the Highlanders effectually covered the
Naval Brigade from great loss; but it was an action
almost unexampled in war. Captain Peel behaved very
much as if he had been laying the Shannon alongside an
enemy's frigate.

'* This brought the day's operations to a close.

'' On the next day, communications were opened to
the left rear of the barracks to the canal, after over?
coming considerable difficulty. Captain Peel kept up a
steady cannonade on the building called the mess-house.
This building, of considerable size, was defended by a
ditch about twelve feet broad and scarped with masonry,
and beyond that a loopholed mud walL I determined to
use the guns as much as possible in taking it.

" About 8 p.m., when it was considered that men
might be sent to storm it without much risk, it was taken
by a company of the 90th Foot, under Captain Wolseley,
and a picket of Her Majesty's 68rd, under Captain
Hopkins, supported by 'Major Bamston's battalion of
detachments, under Captain Guise, Her Majesty's 90th
Foot, and some of the Punjab Infantry under Lieutenant
Powlett. The mess-house was carried immediately with
a rush.

" The troops then pressed forward with great vigour,
and lined the wall separating the mess-house from the
Moti Mahal, which consists of a wide enclosure and many
buildings. The enemy here made a last stand, which

214

HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

Relief of was overcome after an hour, openings having been broken
iic^w. j^ ^j^^ ^^^ through which the troops poured^ with a

^^^' body of Sappers, and accomplished our commonications

iMtohM. with the Besidency.

** I had the inexpressible satisfaction, shortly after-
wards, of greeting Sir J. Outram and Sir H. Havelock,
who came out to meet me before the action was at an end.

** The relief of the besieged garrison had been accom-
plished.

" The troops, including all ranks of officers and men,
had worked strenuously and persevered boldly in follow-
ing up the advantages gained in the various attacks.
Every man in the force . had exerted himself to the
utmost, and now met his reward.

" It should not be forgotten that these exertions did
not date merely from the day that I joined the camp ;
the various bodies of which the relieving force was com-
posed having made the longest forced marches, from
various directions, to enable the Government of India
to save the garrison of Lucknow — some from Agra, some
from Allahabad; aU had alike undergone the same
fatigues in pressing forward for the attainment of this
great object. Of their conduct in the field of battle the
facts narrated in this despatch are sufficient evidence,
which I will not weaken by any eulogy of mine.

*' I desire now to direct the attention of your lord-
ship to the merits of the officers who have served under
my orders on this occasion.

** I cannot convey to your lordship in adequate
terms my deep sense of the obligations I am under to
Major-General Mansfield, Chief of the Staff, for the very
cordial assistance he has afforded me and the. service
during these ' operations, and how admirably the very
many and important duties belonging to his situation
have been performed, for which his high talents and

"^^iF

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rf^timmn

93BD 8UTHEBLAKO HIGHLANDEB& 215

experience of service in this country so peculiarly fit BaiiefoT

him. —

'* I have also to express my very particular ackhow- l^*
ledgments to Brigadier-General Hope Grants G.B., who patolMi.
was in immediate command of the division by which this
service was effected. His activity in carrying out the
details has been admirable, and his vigilance in superin-
tending the outpost duties has been unsurpassed.

''My thanks are peculiarly due to Brigadier the
Honourable Adrian Hope, who commanded the advance
of the force ; as also to Captain Peel, G.R, B.N., who
has distinguished himself in a most marked manner.

** I desire to bring to the favourable notice of your
lordship the Officers commanding brigades and regiments
and those who have been in the performance of staff
duties, or who have been marked out by brigadiers.

** Brigadier Crawford, B. A., commanding the artillery;
Brigadier Little, commanding the cavalry; Brigadier
Greathed, commanding 8rd Infantry Brigade ; Brigadier
Bussell, commanding 5th Infantry Brigade (severely
wounded).

" Lieutenant Lennox, Boyal Engineers, Acting Chief
Engineer.

" Lieutenant Vaughan, B.N., and Captain MaxweU,
Bengal Artillery, attached to the Naval Brigade.

V Major Turner, commanding Bengal Artillery (to
this officer my most particular acknowledgments are
due — he has few equals as an artillery officer).

" Captain Travers, commanding Boyal ArtiUery.

''Captains Bemmington and Blunt, commanding
troops of Bengal Horse Artillery.

" Captains Middleton, Boyal Artillery, and Bourchier,
Bengal Artillery, conmianding horse field battery, and
Longden, Boyal Artillery, commanding the mortar
battery.

}

216 HISTORICAL BEOOBDS OF TH£

Belief of ^'It is impossible to draw a distinction between any

' of these officers. They all distinguished themselves

^^ under very arduous circumstances, and it was highly
patches, agreeable to me to be present on this first occasion when
the Bengal and Boyal Artillery were brought into action
together under my own eyes. I wish also to mention
Lieutenant Walker, Bengal Artillery, in command of a
demi-field battery ; Lieutenants Ford and Brown, who
successively took up the command of the heavy field
battery of Boyal Artillery, under Captain Hardy, on the
death of that lamented officer ; and Lieutenant Bridge,
who commanded two guns of the Madras Horse Artillery
with great ability.

''I have further to bring to your lordship's notice
Lieutenant Scott, Madras Engineers, who commanded
the Sappers and Miners.

" I would also bring to favourable notice the follow-
ing officers in command of corps or detachments : —

''Major Ouvry, Her Majesty's 9th Lancers; Major
Bobertson, Military Train ; Captain Hinde, Her Majesty's
8th Begiment ; Lieutenant-Colonel Wells, 28rd Fusiliers;
Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon, 98rd Highlanders, in tern-
porary command Her Majesty's 63rd Begiment ; Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Hale, Her Majesty's 82nd Begiment;
Lieutenant-Colonel Hamilton, 78th Highlanders, com-
manding first battalion of detachments ; Major Bamston,
Her Majesty's 9(Hh Begiment, commanding 2nd bat-
talion of detachments (dangerously wounded); and
Captain Guise, Her Majesty's 90th Begiment, who suc*^

■

ceeded Major Bamston in his command.

** Lieutenants Watson, Probyn, Tounghusband, and
Gough, respectively commanding detachments of the
Ist, 2nd, and j6th Punjab Cavalry and Hodson's ^Horse ;
Captain Green, commanding 2nd Punjab Lifantry;
Lieutenant Willoughby, who succeeded to the command

wanitPW"V

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93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 217

of the 4th Puiyab lafantry on hia three seniors in the Ralleror

corps being severely wounded; Lieutenant Byres, who

commanded 4th Punjab Infantry from the evening of ^^^*

the 16th; Major Milman, 6th Fusiliers; Lieutenant- p^^o^^m-
Colonel McLityre, 78th Highlanders, in command of
detachments employed in the advance on Dilkoosha and
the Martiniere ; Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart, 98rd High-
landers, who commanded at the barracks; Captains
Dawson, 98rd Highlanders, BoUeston, Her Majesty's
84th Begiment, and Hopkins, 68rd Begiment ; and Lieu-
tenants Fisher and Powlett, 2nd Punjab Infantry, who
commanded separate detachments or posts, and whose
services have for the most part been noted in the body
of the despatch.

*^ It remains for me to express my high sense of the
services performed by the Assistant* Adjutant-General of
the army, Captain Norman, who on this, as on every
other occasion, highly distinguished himself.

*' I have further to express my warm thanks to aU
the officers serving on the general and personal staff of
myself and General Mansfield, as named below; but
especially to Colonel Berkeley, Her Majesty's 82nd Begi-
ment, who attended the Chief of the Staff in the field,
and who displayed remarkable activity and intelligence ;
to Major Alison, Military Secretary (who unfortunately
lost his arm) ; to Captain Sir D. Baird, Bart., my first
Aide-de-Camp, and to Lieutenant H. Johnstone, Deputy-
Assistant- Adjutant-General to the Chief of the Staff.

*' The remaining officers of the staff were Lieutenant
G. Algood, Deputy- Assistant - Quartermaster - General ;
Captains Maycock and Carey, Officiating-Deputy-Assist- .
ants-Quartermaster-General; Captain Budman, Acting-
Assistant- Adjutant-General Her Majesty's forces; Cap-
tain Hatch, Deputy- Judge- Advocate-General; Captains
Alison and Forster, my Aides-de-Camp ; Captain Met-

218 HISTORICAL BECOfiDS OF THB

^ ;^ Relief of calfe. Interpreter; and Lieutenant Murray, Aide-de-

I j ^"!!^''- Camp to the Chief of the Staff.

I ]>^' *' ^* Eavanagh, of the Uncovenanted Civil Serviee,

patohei. who came out from Lucknow in disguise to afford me

information, at the imminent risk of his life, has won

.my most especial thanks, and I recommend him most

cordially to the notice of your lordship.

J ** Lord Seymour was present throughout these opera-

tions, and displayed a daring gallantry at a most critical
moment.

''I concur most fuUy in the commendations that

have been bestowed by General Grant and officers com-
manding brigades on their respective staffs, as named
below; but I would especially draw attention to the
services of Captain Cox, Her Majesty's 75th Begiment,
Brigade-Major of 4th Brigade; Lieutenant Boberts,
Bengal Artillery, Deputy-Assistant-Quartermaster-Gene-
ral ; Captain W. Hamilton, Her Majesty's 9th Lancers,
Deputy- Assistant- Adjutant-General ; Captain the Hon.
A. H. Anson, Her Majesty's 84th Begiment, Aide-de-
Camp; and Lieutenant Salmond, 7th Light Cavabry,

' Acting Aide-de-Camp to Brigadier-General Grant.

^ Captain H. Hammond, Bengal Artillery, Brigade-

l^ajor of Artillery (severely wounded) ; Captain H. le G.

I Bruce, Bengal Artillery, who succeeded Captain Ham-

mond; Brevet-Major W. Barry and Lieutenant A.
Bunny, Staff Officers of Boyal and Bengal Artillery
respectively; Lieutenant G. E.Watson, Bengal Engi-
neers, Brigade-Major of Engineers ; Captain H. A. Sarel,
17th Lancers, Brigade-Major of Cavalry ; and Captains
Bannatyne, Her Majesty's 8th Foot, and Lightfoot, 84th
Foot, Brigade-Majors of the Srd and 6th Brigades;
also Lieutenant P. Stewart, Bengal Engineers, Super-
intendent of the Electric Telegraph, who accompanied the
force, and made himself particularly useful throughout.

>»«WM«H^

93rd suthebi^and highlakdebs. 219

1 1

Captain A. D. Dickens, Deputy- Assistant-Gom- Beitoror
missary-General, and Lieutenant W. Tod Brown, Deputy- — ^' \

Commissary of Ordnance, have both distinguished them- ^^^*

selves exceedingly in carrying on the intricate duties of patobet.
their departments, with very scanty establishments to
meet the great demands upon them.

Brigadier-General Grant has made favourable men-
tion of Surgeon J. G. Brown, M.D., Bengal Horse Artil-
lery, whose great exertions have been deserving of all
praise. He has since become Superintending Surgeon
of the force.

** The number of officers mentioned in this despatch
may appear large, but the force employed was composed
of many detachments, and the particular service was
calculated to draw forth the individual qualities of the
officers engaged.**

Evacuation or Luoknow.

** Head-quartan, Ounp^ Alambaght
**NoYember 2501,1857.

" My Lord,

^' In continuation of my report of the 18th, I
have the honour to apprise your lordship, that the left
rear of my position was finaUy secured on the night of
the 17th inst., by the building caUed Bank's House
having been seized by a party of the 2nd Punjab Infantry
(Sikhs) specially employed for that purpose.

" Brigadier Bussell and Lieutenant-Colonel Hale dis-
tinguished themselves much in completing the chain of
posts on the 17th and 18th in that direction ; the enemy
having been very vigilant on that point, and kept up an
unceasing fire on all the buildings occupied by Brigadier
Russell, and on the barrack occupied by three hundred
of the Highlanders under Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart.

"Brigadier Bussell having been, unfortunately.

220 HISTORICAL BECORDS OF THE

Relief of severely Tirounded on the afternoon of the 18th inst.,

** I placed the lamented Colonel Biddulph in command of

^1^* his line of posts. He was killed almost immediately
petches. afterwards, when making his dispositions for the attack
of the hospitaL

''Captain Bourchier, of Bengal Artillery , distinguished
himself by the intelligent and able support he afforded
Lieutenant-Colonel Hale, Her Majesty's 82nd Foot, on
that officer succeeding Colonel Biddulph.

''These very difficult and tedious operations, con-,
ducted as they were under a most galling fire in
cramped suburbs, reflect much credit on all the officers
and men concerned, and secured the position.

" The same afternoon the enemy made a smart attack
on the pickets covering the centre of the line.

" I supported them with a company of Her Majesty's
23rd, and another of Her Majesty's 5Srd Foot, not having
any more infantry at my disposals

"Captain Bemmington's troop, horse artillery, was
brought up, and dashed right into the jungle with the
leading skirmishers, and opened fire with extraordinary
rapidity and precision.

"Captain Bemmington distinguished himself very
much.

" I superintended this affair myself, and I have par-
ticular pleasure in drawing your lordship's attention to
the conduct of this troop on this occasion, as an instance
of the never -failing readiness and quickness of the horse
artillery of the Bengal service.

" During the next three days, I continued to hold the
whole of the country from the Dilkoosha to the gates of
the Besidency, the left flank having been secured in
the manner above mentioned, with a view to extricating
the garrison without exposing it to the chance of even
a stray musket shot.

..■.^- . .^^_ , - ^^^.f , r- • • ■" "■-■■" «—■ ^ ■ —-^ 1 rii>«« i T i f i nVwHn

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 221

'* From the first, all the arrangements have been ^^}^^

conducted towards this end. The whole of the force

under my immediate command being one outlying picket, ^ *

every man remained on duty, and was constantly subject P*^<
to annoyance from the enemy's fire ; but such was the
vigilance and intelligence of the force, and so heartily
did all ranks co-operate to support me, that I was
enabled to conduct this afiair to a happy issue exactly
in the manner originally proposed.

** Upon the 20th, fire was opened on the Kaiserbagh,
which gradually increased in importance, till it assumed
the character of regular breaching and bombard-
ment.

** The Eaiserbagh was breached in three places by
Captain Peel, B.N., and I have been told that the enemy
suffered much loss within its precincts. Having thus
led the enemy to believe that immediate assault was
contemplated, orders were issued for the retreat of the
garrison through the Unes of our pickets, at midnight on
the 22nd.

** The ladies and familiesi the wounded, the treasure,
the guns it was thought worth while to keep, the
ordnance stores, the grain still possessed by the com-
missariat of the garrison, and the state prisoners had
all been previously removed.

^* Sir James Outram had received orders to burst the
guns which it was thought undesirable to take away ;
and he was finally directed silently to evacuate the
Besidency of Lucknow at the hour indicated.

''The dispositions to cover their retreat and to
resist the enemy, should he pursue, were ably carried
out by Brigadier the Honourable A. Hope; but I am
happy to say the enemy was completely deceived, and
he did not attempt to follow. On the contrary, he began
firing on our old positions, many hours after we had left

222 HISTOBICAL BEC0BD8 OF THB

Belief of them. The movement of retreat was admirably executed^
Loeknow. ^^^ ^^ ^ perfect lesson in such combinations.

}^^ " Each exterior line came gradually retiring through

patoheiL its supports, till at length nothing remained but the

last line of infantry and guns, with which I was myself

to crush the enemy if he had dared to follow up the

pickets.

''The only line of retreat lay througl^ a long and
tortuous lane, and all these precautions were absolutely
necessary to ensure the safety of the force.

** The extreme posts on the left, under Lieutenant-
Colonel Hale, Her Majesty's 82nd; Lieutenant-Colonel
Wells, Her Majesty's 23rd Foot ; and Lieutenant-Colonel
Ewart, Her Majesty's 98rd Highlanders, made their way
by a road which had been explored for them, after I
considered that the time had arrived, with due regard
to the security of the whole, that their posts should be
evacuated.

** It was my endeavour that nothing should be left to
chance, and the conduct of the officers in exactly carrying
out their instructions was beyond all praise.

'' During all these operations, from the 16th inst.,
the remnant of Brigadier Greathed's brigade closed in
the rear, and now again formed the rear guard as we
retired to Dilkoosha.

" Dilkoosha was reached at* 4 a.m. on the 2Srd inst.,
by the whole force.

'' I must not forget to mention the exertions of the
cavalry during all the operations which have been
described.

The exertions of Brigadier Little and of Major Ouvry,
respectively of the cavalry brigade and the 9th Lancers,
were unceasing in keeping up our long line of communi-
cations, and preserving our extreme rear beyond the
Dilkoosha, which was constantly threatened.

93bd butherlakd highlandebs. 223

''On the 22nd the enemy attacked at Dilkooslia, Bdiefor

bnt was speedily driven off under Brigadier Liitle*8

orders. ^ ^^•

''The officers commanding the irregolac caTaky, patoh«t.
Lientenants Watson, Younghusband, Probyn, and Gongh»
as well as all the officers of the 9th Lancers, were never
out of the saddle during all the time, and well maintained
the character they had won throughout the war.

"I moved with General Grant's division to the
Alumbagh on the afternoon of the 24th, leaving Sir
J. Ontram's division in position at Dilkoosha, to prevent
molestation of the immense convoy of the women and
wounded, which it was necessary to transport with us.
Sir J. Outram closed up this day, without annoyance
from the enemy.

{Signed) " C. Gahpbbll, General,

" Commander-in-ChieL"

** Head-qoartera, La Martini^ Lnoknow,
" NoTomber 23id, 1857.

" The Commander-in-Chief has reason to be thankful GeMnl
to the force he conducted for the relief of the garrison
of Lucknow.

" 2. Hastily assembled, fatigued by forced marches,
but animated by a common feeling of determination to .
accomplish the duty before them, all ranks of this force
have compensated for their small number in the execu-
tion of a most difficult duty, by unceasing exertions.

" 8. From the morning of the 16th till last night, the
whole force has been one outlying picket, never out of
fire, and covering an immense extent of ground, to
permit the garrison to retire scatheless and in safety,
covered by the whole of the relieving force.

" 4. That ground was won by fighting as hard as it
ever fell to the lot of the Commander-in-Chief to witness.

l ** l ■■ .Ul^.mf.- ,^^. 4S ^ , W l 1 _JJ_

"*"''* ■'■»—- ■ * -i»«o .1 iigjh J-,

224 HISTORICAL RECOBDS OF THU'

Belief of it being necessary to bring np the same men over and

Ijiidkiiow*

— over again to fresh attacks : and it is with the greatest

1857

General jgratification that His Excellency declares he never saw
o«i«- men behave better.

" 5. The storming of the Secundrabagh and the
Shah Nnjjif has never been surpassed in daring, and
the success of it was most brilliant and complete.

*' 6. The movement of retreat of last night, by which
the final rescue of the garrison was effected, was a model
of discipline and exactness. The consequence was that
the enemy was completely deceived, and the force retired
by a narrow, tortuous lane, the only line of retreat
open, in the face of fifty thousand enemies, without
molestation.

'^7. The Commander-in-Chief offers his sincere
thanks to Major-General Sir J. Outram, G.C.B.^ for
the happy manner in which he planned and carried out
his arrangements for the evacuation of the Besidency of
Lucknow.

''By order of His Excellency the Commander-in-
Chief.

" W. Mayhew, Major,
*' Deputy- Adjutant-General of the Army.'*

93bd suthkbland highlandeb& 225

CAWNPORE— BATTLE ON THE 6th DECEMBER
—PURSUIT TO SERAI GHAT AND CAPTURE
OP GUNS THERE— PASSAGE OP THE KALA
NUDDEE, AND OCCUPATION OP FUTTEH-
GURH.

1887.

On the 24th of November, about noon, the army with 9t?*
its huge convoy continued its retrograde movement, and
at about 6 p.m. arrived at the Alumbagh, and bivouacked
on the open space it had occupied previous to the
advance on Lucknow. Here it remained for three days,
to remove the baggage and sick from the Alumbagh,
and to enable the Commander-in-Chief to make the
necessary preparations for leaving Sir James 0utram*8
force in charge of that position, with the double purpose
of maintaining a hold on Lucknow, and keeping open
the road to Cawnpore*

On the 27th the army resumed its march, crossed
Bunnee bridge, and bivouacked some distance beyond it.
Here the sound of heavy firing was heard from the direc-
tion of Cawnpore, by which it became evident the position
there was attacked.

On the following morning the march was continued,
and after much difficulty, and some little confusion, the
main column got clear of the convoy of sick and wounded,
women and children, etc. The day was oppressivdy
warm, and though several times masses of doud collected
and threatened rain, as often they dispersed, leaving the

' 1 • I * ■> II I III

-•••■•M**/Ahak^Aa

: i

226 HISTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THB

** «

Ciwir- air apparenily more stifling than before. At every step

the deep sounds of the firing at Cawnpore became more

I j ^^^' distinct, and at last positive intelligence was received by

I : Sir Colin Campbell that the Gwalior contingent were

' pressing hard upon our troops there under Major-General

I Windham. The force from Lucknow, fatigued as they

were by their late arduous duties, by the march, and by
the burning heat of the day, braced themselves for
renewed exertions, and hurried on, determined to avert
if possible, or at any rate to meet, whatever calamity
might be impending.

Leaving the convoy to follow at its leisure in charge
of the rear-guard, the main column pressed forward,
stimulated by the sound of the firing which at every mile
became louder and more continuous.

Footsore and hungry, they arrived within a short
distance of the bridge of boats by about 10 p.m.
Scorched by the sun, almost smothered in dust, the
troops had toiled on, till faint and weary from hunger
and fatigue many fell out exhausted, but followed at
their leisure, and not a man was missing by 12 o'clock
that night.

The wounded of the regiment were all brought in,
the bearers staggering under their burdens — the poor
men cramped within dooleys, their wounds stiff and sore,
suffered terribly from the prolonged motion and from
the dust and heat.* As soon as possible their wounds
were dressed and nourishment prepared for them.

The troops had no sooner piled arms, than orders
were issued for them to be ready to move at 2 o'clock
a.m., which order, however, was rescinded and another
given to remain in bivouac until daylight; and never
. was an order more welcome — ^indeed a few hours of rest
and sleep were absolutely necessary to renew the

* 1^0 of the wounded died on tbe march.

■ f

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' I

Tj-'iTi n - T f-i I T I i I I < "l lr ' i" •* ! ' -^ i"* -." ".^ " " "'"-' *"**• ' i ' "^ '- r ' i > ■ ■ > fm -fc - fr"-'

93BD BUTHEBLAND mGHLAKBEBfl. 227

Btrength and reyive the spirits of all. Quiet and deep (Uirs-

were their slumbers; no anxiety disturbed the weary

soldiers, for each man knowing what had already been ^^^'
achievedy felt confident in his own resolution and in the
skill and determination of his leader.

At daylight on the 29th of November the enemy
commenced a heavy fire on the intrenched camp and
bridge of boats ; but their surprise must have been great
to see the opposite bank of the river dotted with tents,
and the victorious little army, flushed with success,
returned from Lucknow, preparing to cross and wrest
from their grasp what the night before had appeared
certain victory.

Colonel Malleson, in his ''History of the Indian
Mutiny/* says, referring to this morning's operations : —
** Peel's heavy guns had reached the ground, from their
march of thirty miles, only an hour before sunrise.
The astute leader of the rebel army had noticed with
the early light of the morning the mass of soldiers
filling the plain on the Oudh bank of the river, and that
sight had told him that unless he could break the bridge
his chances of ultimate victory would melt away. But
there was yet time to break the bridge. He had there-
fore brought down his heaviest guns to the positions on
the bank of the river whence he had the previous day
driven the 64th, and had opened upon it a heavy, but
fortunately an ill-directed fire. Sir Colin Campbell had
foreseen that the rebels would try this last chance.
Allowing, then, the men of the Naval Brigade but one
hour for rest and food, he despatched them at sunrise
to a point above the bridge of boats whence they could
play on the enemy's guns. The artillery fire from the
intrenchment was directed to the same point. For
some time the artillery combat appeared not unequal,
but gradually the guns of the British asserted their supe-

* ■ ■■ ■ ■...■■«■. .^-. .

^^^™^ ' *^ — ^^-^--^ f - .ni I 111 fcvii- , . i«, . » .... j.> ,.

^ ;

228 mSTORIGAL BEOOBDS OF THB

Gaits- riority. Then commenced the passage of the cavalry,

roBi.

f
i< '

the horse artillery, and of Adrian Hope^s brigade."
^^^' No sooner had our leading file stepped upon the first

boat than the enemy redoubled their exertions to
preyent the passage. Though the round shot plunged
sullenly into the river on every side, the bridge re-
mained firm and uninjured^ and though on our gaining
the opposite bank, they opened on the column with
musketry at very close range our only casualty was one
officer. Ensign Hay, slightly wounded by a musket ball
on the leg. Through this whirlwind of shot, shell, and
bullets, the regiment moved up towards the intrenched
camp, passed round its front, crossed the canal and
turning to the right, emerged on the open plain close to
the artillery barracks, and took up a position between
this and the old Sepoy lines, in front of the city of
Cawnpore, and near that far-famed spot where General
"Wheeler had defended himself so long and nobly against
the whole power of the Nana Sahib. By this movement
the Grand Trunk Boad in our rear was secured, and our
communications with Allahabad re-opened.

As soon as the bonnets of the regiment appeared in
the plain the enemy opened fire on it from two guns ; but
the men were merely ordered to lie down, and the shot
flew harmlessly over them.

In the evening the women and children, sick and
wounded, commenced to cross the bridge ; they had been
left on the opposite side with a strong guard until the
troops should have effected a passage, and taken up
positions to ensure their safety. The wounded of the
regiment also were brought over, and put into a large
bungalow in rear of the regiment (where they remained
till the evening of the 5th of December). The camp was
pitched in the place already mentioned between the
artillery barracks and Sepoy lines.

^, ,,, --^ - | _ 1--11 T-— -' - ■•• ■ ■ •■■■ii-.-h-^--— .« ...'ii ■■■■.. ■■■■•., ft. >** 1 "t'.,i;«M , »r

93BD 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLANBEBS. 229

On the morning of the Ist of December, as the 9Srd Oawv-

were preparing for moster, the enemy opened fire on the

camp with shrapnel,* by which Captain Cornwall, ^**'-
Sergeant Mclntyre and five privates were wonnded, all
severely, and the firing continning, the regiment was
taken under cover of the old lines in its front, and
remained there thronghont the day, returning (except
those on picket) at night to their tents. On this day
Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart also was severely
wounded by a cannon shot which shattered his left arm.

On the morning of the 2nd, early, the regiment
returned to its position under cover, and continued to do
so daily until the 6th.

Every day the enemy continued to fire incessantfy
upon our position, and having gained, apparently some
information as to the locality of our magazine, and the
Commander-in-Chiefs tent, dropped their shot and shell
close to both ; also into the 9Srd camp, and their shdl
frequently burst so close to the hospital that great fear
was entertained lest the building, the roof of which was
thatched, might take fire. They also at intervals raked
the road leading from the city to the artillery barracks,
where the field hospital had been established, and where
the women and children of the Besidency garrison were
encamped.

On the evening of the 8rd of December, all preparations
having been completed, the convoy with the women and
children, the sick and wounded of the Residency, and a few
of the disabled men of the army started for Allahabad.

On the 4th, the enemy floated a number of fire boats,
which were carried by the current towards the bridge of

* Lieuteniiiit Stirling and I occupied tlie tame tent, and we were
getting ready for parade when the cannonade commenced. As we
turned out he remarked, " Well, Burgoyne, we were going to be
muttered, we did not bargain to he pepjteredl*^ A shot afterwarda
came through the walls of our tent. — R. H. B.

■ ii • *. ., '■«■. ^f^ - ^,- ^^- r-,. ^ ,. ,

. ^' - . ^i Tf- * ' , rt ^ i t x.io 'A i^ a .r^A. r— .^^,A^^.^ ,

• — — •• i.

•f*- -^ *.-•>.«*. ^»^,^ ^ ^ -^i — -»--«. -t' ^11- -

230 HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THE

Cawv- boats, for the purpose of setting it on fire. The attempt

!^ "was detected in sufficient time to enable us to avert

i^'^- the intended mischief.

On the 4th and 5th onr preparations were continued,
and on the eyening of the latter day the remaining
wounded were sent into buildings under cover of the
intrenched camp. Thus everything was nearly ready
to enable us to attack the rebel army in their position in
and around the city.

On the afternoon of the 5th the enemy attacked our
left pickets with a fire of artillery, and appeared to
threaten to turn our left flank with infantry. Here
there was a picket of the 98rd under Captain Williams,
with Lieutenants Losack and Burgoyne, and this with
three guns of Bemmington's battery, Bengal Artillery,
and a troop of the 9th Lancers, the whole under
Captain Fawcett of the 9th, advanced to meet the
I attack. The enemy eventually retired.

Battle of On the morning of the 6th of December the 9Srd

^^^^^"^ paraded behind the old Sepoy lines, and remained there

until the tents were struck and baggage sent off the

' ground towards the nullahs in rear of the fort. The

regiment then moved to the left, where the whole dis-
posable force of the army was soon formed up en masse
in rear of the old cavalry lines, which concealed them
from the enemy's view — and here Captain Williams's
picket, which had remained on duty during the previous
night, rejoined.

During this time a heavy fire from the intrenched
camp on the extreme right of our position was kept up,
to mask our movements from the enemy, and to induce
them to believe that an attack from that quarter was
intended.

The 4th brigade had been augmented while at Cawh-
pore by the 42nd Boyal Highlanders just arrived.

■ ■■■ ■!■.-■. a«.ut.fc. . ^ ■ -B.^ ^->.^-^^^»-i-A-^ T ^ 1.^- .,. .»...««i ...^^^ , ^ ..^ _ . ^ ^.p. ^■,^^^_ y_ I « ia- -^1 - Trfl 1 '

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDBR& 231

After a time, and when the cannonading had Battle of
slackened, the attack designed by Sir Colin Campbell ^^^
commenced. ' ^«^-

Brigadier Greathed kept the Une of the canal
extending from the fort.

Brigadier Walpole crossed the canal on Greathed's
left so as to secure all the passes leading from the city,
and drive back any columns of the enemy that might
attempt to debouch on the plain.

While these operations were being carried out»
Hope's brigade, consisting of the SSrd, 9Srd, 42nd and
4th Puiy'ab Rifles, supported by Brigadier Inglis, moved
away to the left, towards the open plain opposite to
where the enemy's * right rested. The cavalry making
a wide sweep to turn the enemy's right flank and unite
their attack with that of Hope.

The enemy becoming aware of our presence opened
fire, when the 68rd and Sikhs were immediately thrown
to the front in skirmishing order and pressed eagerly
forward, while the 9Srd and 42nd in successive lines
followed rapidly up.

Though taken by surprise at first, the enemy quickly
brought a number of field guns to bear upon our line,
firing over the skirmishers, and threw their round shot
and shrapnel rapidly and with great precision as the
Highlanders moved onward in majestic lines — for a time
headed by Sir Colin himself, who rode in front of the 9Srd.

On approaching the broken ground near the bridge
over the canal, it was found necessary to alter our
formation, by advancing the two centre subdivisions and
bringing the others right and left shoulders forward,
forming a double column of subdivisions. The enemy
disputed the passage of the bridge by a heavy fire of
grape, which, however, to our surprise, caused little loss
though it flew in showers on every side.

11 1 ! ■ — i

!.Ji."^ J'.'.,: '_..■■'"'•"'- •■-'''•^' - • ■^■*«

(11

•.<

232

HISTORICAL BEOOBDS OF THB

BattlAof

Cawnpora.

1897.

1
/

I
I

Ab the 98rd cleared the bridge the enemy retired,
and at the same time Peel's heavy guns came np, and
as they passed along the left of the regiment a number
of our men assisted in pulling them to the front, and
helped to place them ready for action. They opened
and caused the enemy to retire still further, and the
98rd again formed into line, and with the 42nd, con-
tinued to advance, still under a heavy fire, for the
enemy's artillery disputed every step of ground. But
gradually, steadily, and surely we pressed on, urging the
enemy back, until at last the standing camp of the
Gwalior contingent opened to our view, when the
Commander-in-Chief ordered Nos. 7 and 8 companies
to advance at a run and take possession, .

The camp was empty, but no preparations had been
made to carry off anything ; the tents were all standing,
and the waggons were unpacked, the bullocks feeding
beside them. Their hospital tents alone were tenanted
by the sick and wounded, who as we passed held up
their hands and begged for mercy ; our men turned from
them ip. disgust, unable to pity, but unwilling to strike
a wounded foe.

The cavalry and horse artillery appearing on their
flank, while Hope's brigade pressed on in front, the right
of the rebel army, consisting of the OwaJior contingent,
isolated from the rest of their forces shut up in the
town, was driven back, shattered and dispersed, and the
whole of their field stores, magazines, and great part
of their material fell into our hands.

The 28rd and a wing of the S8th regiments were
placed in charge of the captured camp, while Sir Colin
with the cavalry and horse artillery, followed by the
42nd, 5Srd, and two companies of the 9Srd, pursued the
enemy along the Calpee road.

After passing through the camp, the 9Srd formed

.— <«#^ *■

rfk««AMhirtMiatairtM

■ *%iia/t^'.r% Ikti'nigA.^aL.

93&D BUTUEBLAND HIGHIANDBBS.

233

1857.

line to the right and advanced under General Manafield BatUeoT
to attack the Sabadar*B tank, the Rifle Brigade skir- ^"^^^l^
mishing in our front. For a very short time the line
was halted, and so accurate was the practice of the
enemy, that this little delay caused us some loss ;
Lieutenant Stirling was struck down, his thigh shattered
by a round shot,* and as he fell he bravely encouraged
the men to go on and never mind him. The man in his
front, a young lance-corporal, lost his left arm by the
same shot. Almost at the same moment General
Mansfield, who was with the regiment, was struck by
a bullet from a shrapnel which burst immediately over
the line, killing one man and wounding four others*

The advance was resumed, the regiment moving in
support of Longden's field battery and Middleton*8
troop of horse artillery. Still the enemy, though driven
back, and with the communication between their right
centre and left broken, continued in this part of the
field to dispute every foot of ground.

As they approached the Subadar*s tank, the 93rd
were received with several rounds of grape shot, which,
however, failed to take e£fect, and after reaching that
position a dropping fire of round shot was kept up by
the enemy on the regiment until about. sunset, when the
rebels in the city and beyond it, retired by the Bithoor
road, between our left and the (Ganges.

That night the greater part of the regiment bi-
vouacked in a large grove of trees,t which had been

* This proved a mortal wound. His brother-in-law, Major SUrlinK,
of the 64th (the hushand of Lieutenant SUrling*s sister^ was killed at
Cawnpore on the 28th of November.

t The light company and No. 2 occupied a large house near the
Suhadar's tank which had been taken by Lieutenant Nightingale and
a few men. A large quantity of liquor was found here, including
champagne, brandy, etc, which circuiustaiice was duly reported by
Lieutenant Nightingale to Brigadier Uoiie, who ordered him to destro/

■ mil iiaii

"■"■^^^--^-^-'r II It

*■■ >■ t

j-'-'^t^ ■iit£ag*^a»*.'*'-iwi»* '*%>■'•>■ '*< ■«» 1 * ^1

I
■!,

234

HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB

1857.

Battle of held in the morning by the enemy, who unwittingly had
prepared a meal for their conquerors, for beside the
many little fires which were still burning, were found
ready baked cakes, and brazen vessels full of boiled rioe.
We had won a glorious victory. With comparatively
little loss on our side, an army computed at twenty-five
thousand men, with forty guns, comprising a large
proportion of the best disciplined and best equipped
soldiers of the rebels, was defeated with considerable

■

slaughter, and the loss of their camp, stores, and the
greater part of their guns and ammunition.*

OmcBBa OF 93rd w i e b bht

Brigadier Hope.
Lieutenant<)olonel Leith Hay.
Brevet-Lieut-Cobnel Gk>rdon.
Captain Middleton.
„ Bunouj^
„ Stewart
^ Qarke.
„ Dawion.
C. McDonald.
Williams,
lieatenant Cooper.

„ McBean (Adjt).
GrImstoDu
Butter (Staff).
Stirling.
E. Macpbenon.
J. (Gordon.
Nigbtingale.
Hydop.
Alexander.
E. 8. Wood.'

n
n

n
n
n

AT THS BaTTLB OF CaWVFOBB.

Lieutenant Loeack.
n Buigoyne.
M Gboch.
w F. McFhenon.
„ * Haynes.
- „ Ghreig.
M Sergison.
Ensign Forbes-Robertson.
M Taylor.
„ Deans Campbell.
Hastie.
Macnamara.
Fullarton.
^ Potts.
„ D. Hay.
Quarter-Master Joiner.
Surgeon Munro.
Assistant-Surgeon Sinclair.
„ Mendes.

Bell

it Tbe bouse was well furnished, and alCogetber tbe quarters proved
most luxurious. Tbere was a large supply of rose-water wbicb was
utilized for batbing purposes and was most refreshing after tbe bard
work of the past few days. There were also numbers of pigeons,
wbicb were caught and made an acceptable addition to the evening meal.
* See appendix B.

m ■ .^ -^- -■.■■.»*.i -...^>....-^.. ^^ . ..-.^ - ^ . ^ ^^ ^

93BD SUTHERLAND mOHLANDSBS. 235

Sn CoLm Gaxpbbll^b Dbbpatch, REUTDia to Battlb Oaws.

OF Gawhpobb.*

1887.

To the Right Honourable Yiscoimt Canning, Ctoyemor-

OeneraL

** Haad-qoftrten, Otmp^ Oawnpora,
'* December lOth, 1867.

** Mt Loud,

" I have the honour to report to your lordship, |

that late on the night of the 8rd inst, the oonvoy, which '

had given me so mach anxiety, indading the fiunilies
and half the wounded, was finally despatched, and on
the 4th and 6th the last arrangements were made for
consigning the remainder of the wounded to places of
safety, while a portion of the troops was withdrawn fixmi
the intrenchments to join the camp.

''On the afternoon of the 5th, about 8 p.m., the
enemy attacked our left pickets with artillery, and
showed infantry round our left flank.

" A desultory fire was also begun on our pickets in
the General Gung, which is an old bazaar of very
considerable extent along the canal, in front of the line
occupied by the camp.

'' These advanced positions had been held, since our
arrival, by Brigadier Greathed's brigade with great
firmness, the brigadier having displayed his usual
judgment in their arrangement and support. On two
or three occasions he had been supported by Captain
Peers heavy guns, and Captain Bourchier*s field battery,
when the artillery of the enemy had annoyed him and
the general front of the camp.

''After two hours' cannonading, the enemy retired on
the afternoon in question.

* This despatch Is contained in the London QauiU of January
29th, 186a

' - "TT' X r.'m^ " {3C>*-j^<

•-•^ •-» •i««^^#««.^.^#> i*^

«<p^ii> n «w n iMft wi ■■i'^-

236

HISTOBIGAL BEGOBDS OF THE

Gaw«.

1857.
BespatelL

'' Arrangements were then made for a general attack
on him the next day.

''His left occupied the whole cantonment, from
which General Windham's post had heen principally
assailed. His centre was in the city of Gawnpore, and
lined the hoases and bazaars overhanging the canal,
which separated it from Brigadier Greathed*s position;
the principal streets were afterwards discovered to be
barricaded.

' ''His right stretched some way beyond the angle
formed by the Grand Trunk Boad and the canal, two
miles in rear of which the camp of the Gwalior contingent
was pitched, and so covered the Calpee road. This was
the line of retreat of that body.

" In short, the canal, along which were placed his
centre and right, was the main feature of his position,
and could only be passed in the latter direction by two
bridges.

"It appeared to me, if his right were vigorously
attacked that it would be driven from its position without
assistance coming from other parts of his line, the wall
of the town which gave cover to our attacking columns
on our right being an effective obstacle to the movement
of any portion of his troops from his left to right.

" Thus the possibility became apparent of attacking
his division in detail.

"From intelligence received before and after the
action, there seems to be little doubt that in consequence

■

of the arrival of four regiments from Oude, and the
gathering of various mutinous corps which had suffered
in previous actions, as well as the assemblage of all the
Nana*8 followers, the strength of the enemy now
amounted to about twenty-five thousand men, with all
the guns belonging to the contingent, some thirty-six in
number, together with a few guns belonging to the Nana.

mil *iiii ifcu^i

m m ■<

^.fi-*»:

93bD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEB8.

237

1887.

"Ordon were given to General Windham^ on the Oawv-
morning of the Gth, to open a heavy bombardment at
9 a.m. from the intrenchment in the old cantonment,
and 80 induce the belief in the enemy that the attack ^^
wae coming from the general's position.

''The camp was struck early, and all the baggage
driven to the river side under a guard, to avoid the
slightest risk of accident.

" Brigadier Greathed, reinforced by the 64th regiment,
was detaaed to hold the same sHgodier a»aa^. Brigade.
ground opposite the centre of h.M.'s Bth Foot
the enemy, which he had been H.M.'f e4th Foot
occupying for some days as 2iid Punjab Inf»ntiy.

above mentioned, and at 11 a.m. Artaiery Brigade.

the rest of the force, as per Two troops Hone ArOllery.
margin, was drawn up in con- Three light field betteriee.

, . « . ^_ m «^^^ Gun« of the Naval Briffada.

tiguous columns m rear of some ^^^^ ^^^^ battei/Boyal
old cavalry lines and effectually ArtUleiy.
masked from the observation of
the enemy.

'' The cannonade from the
intrenchment having become
slack at this time, the moment
had arrived for the attack to
commence.

" The cavalry and horse ar- H.M.'s 42nd and eSid Hlgh-

tillery having been sent to make ^ rw^^ «.«

w ^, , -^ •« 4th Punjab Biflee.

a detour on the left and cross

Cavalfy

H.M.'f 9th Lanoen.

Detachmente lst» 2nd, and 6th
Puujab GaTalry, and Hod-
son*! Horse.

4ih In/anhy Brigade^
H.M.*8 53rd regiment.

H.M.*8 82nd r^ment
H.M.'8 82nd regiment

the canal by a bridge a mile M Infantry Bri^

and a half further up, and H.M.'s 23rd Fusiliers,
threaten the enemy's rear.

** The infantry deployed in

parallel lines fronting the canal. ^^ ^"^"^^ ^^^^^

i£ Tfc • J* TT^^^i^ V • ji 2nd and 8rd battalions Rifle

" Brigadier Hope's brigade brigade,

was in advance in one line. Detachment H.M.*s 88th Foot

I 238 HIBTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THE

Cawv- Brigadier Ingli8*B brigade being Engineer Brigade.

I !^ in rear of Brigadier Hope. ^J»l Enginecw and detach-

!«"• "At the same time Brigadier T"*" ^!S' *^ Trtt

p^jpjf^li ^ Sappers and Mmera attached

^^^ Walpole, assisted by Captain to the yariona hrigadei of

Smith's field battery Boyal infantry.
Artillery, was directed to pass the bridge immediately
to the left of Brigadier Greathed's position, and to drive
the enemy from the brick-kilns, keeping the wall of the
city for his gnide.

" The whole attack then proceeded, the enemy quickly
responding from his proper right to the fire of onr heavy
and field artillery.

" Good use was made of these guns by Captain Peel,
C.B., B.N., and the artillery officers onder Major-General
Dupnis, C.B., B.A., Brigadier Crawford, B.A., and M^jor
Tnmer, B.A.

'* The Sikhs of the 4th Punjab Infantry, thrown into
skirmishing order, supported by Her Majesty's 53rd Foot,
attacked the enemy in some old mounds and brick-kilns
to our left with great vigour.

** The advance then continued with rapidity along the
whole line, and I had the satisfaction of observing in
the distance that Brigadier Walpole was making equal
progress on the right.

** The canal bridge was quickly passed, Captain Peel
leading over it with a heavy gun, accompanied by a
soldier of the 58rd named Hannaford.

" The troops which had gathered together, resuming
their line of formation with great rapidity on either side
as soon as it was crossed, and continuing to drive the
enemy at all points, his camp being reached and taken
at one p.m., and his rout being complete along the
Calpeeroad. •

** I must here draw attention to the manner in which
the heavy 24-pounder guns were impelled and managed
by Captain Peel and his gallant sailors.

« %■« «w^«« ■

■i^^-^^^l

93rd SUTHEBLAKD. mOHLANDEBS. 239

Through the extraordinary energy and good ^rill (Uwv*
with which the latter have worked, their gtmB have been ''""'
constantly in advance throughout our late operations, _^^*
from the relief of Lucknow till now, as if they were light
field-pieces, and the service rendered by them in clearing
our front has been incalculable. On this occasion there
was the sight beheld of 24-pounder guns advancing with
the first line of skirmishers.

" Without losing any time, the pursuit with cavalry,
infantry, and light artillery, was pressed with the
greatest eagerness to the fourteenth milestone on the
Calpee road, and I have reason to believe that every gun
and cart of ammunition which had been in that part of
the enemy's position which had been attacked, now fell
into our possession.

** I had the satisfaction of accompanying the troops
engaged in the pursuit, and of being able to bear witness
to their strenuous endeavours to make the most of the
success which had been achieved.

** When I passed the camp and went forward on the
Calpee road, Major-General. Mansfield was desired by
me to make arrangements for the attack of the position
called the Subadar*s tank, which extended round the left
rear of the enemy*s position in the old cantonments.
As this operation was a separate one, I beg to enclose,
for your lordship's consideration, the mqor-general*8
own narrative.

''The troops having returned from the pursuit at
midnight on the 6th, and their baggage having reached
them on the afternoon of the next day, Brigadier-General
Grant was detached in pursuit on the 8th with the
cavalry, some light artillery, and a brigade of infantry,
with orders to destroy public buildings belonging to Nana
Sahib at Bithoor, and to press on to Serai Gh&t, twenty-
five miles from hence, if he had good tidings of the

f
.1

240 HISTORICAL BECORDS OF THB ^

Caws- retreating enemy. This duty was admirably performed
"^ by the brigadier-general, and he caught the enemy when
^^^' he was about to oroes the river with his remaining guns.
^^'^ *'The brigadier-general attacked him with great

vigour, and by the excellent disposition he made of. his
force, succeeded in taking every gun the enemy pos-
sessed without losing a single man. I have the pleasure
to enclose the brigadier-general's report for your lord-
ship's perusaL*

" I have, etc.,

'* C. Campbell, General,

" Commander-in-Chief***

The day after the battle of Cawnpore was passed by
.the regiment in rest.
^Jfwj^jJ On the 8th of December Brigadier Hope's brigade,
to Bend with cavalry and light artillery, started at about one
o'clock in the afternoon in pursuit of the centre and left
wing of the enemy, who had retreated by the Bithoor
road. The force was under command of Brigadier-
General Hope Grant. After a march of twenty-five
miles, lasting until daylight the following morning,
during which we halted only twice for refreshment and
rest, the rebels were overtaken at Serai Gh&t, three miles
beyond Sheorajpoor, just as they were about to embark
their guns in boats to cross the Ganges into Onde. A
heavy cannonade was opened upon our cavalry and
artillery, and an attempt was made to capture our guns,
which had difficulty in moving owing to the nature of
the ground. In a very short time the enemy fled, aban-
doning their gUns, fifteen in number, which together

* I have not considered It neoesflary to copy Brigadier-Qenenl
Mansfield's report, xrhicb, however, refers to Colonel Lelth Hay at a
commanding officer whose conduct is ** reported very highly on by the
brigadier.**— B. H. B.

_ni --- "— -f— — ^-.--.— .^-^^-.^^^-.i^^'Wp^^^.

93bd suthebland highlandsbs. 241

with their splendid bullocks were capWed. All this Wfts 1857.
accomplished without a single casualty on our side.

Thus was defeated the whole of the army which had
but a few days before exultingly laid siege to the in-
trenched camp at Cawnpore, with every apparent pro-
spect of success.

The London Oazette of January 29th9 1868, contains
Brigadier-General Hope Grant's despatch relating to
this a£fair ; in it the following passage occurs : — '' Brig-
adier the Honourable A. Hope talks in the highest
strains of Lieutenant A. Butter, 98rd HighlanderSi his
acting Aide-de-Camp.'*

The force encamped close to the river, and after rest- Bithoob.
ing a day or two, proceeded to Bithoor, the residence
of the Nana, for the purpose of destroying his palace,
etc. A quantity of treasure was recovered by the troops
from a deep well, where it had been placed for conceal-
ment. While the regiment was at Bithoor a very un-
fortunate occurrence took place ; Lieutenants Nightingale
and Greig having gone out shooting, the former gave his
gun to a native who was with them to carry. The man
by some means« or for some reason, cocked the gun, and
in handing it back held it out with the muzzle pointed
at Lieutenant Nightingale's head, at the same time
touching the trigger. Lieutenant Nightingale had only
time to put up his hand to save his head, when the gun
was discharged, destroying his hand. But for this there
can be no doubt he would have lost his life. Lieutenant
Greig ' believing the act to have been intentional, was
about to shoot the native, but was prevented by Night-
ingale. Whether the affair was the result of accident
or design was never satisfactorily decided.

The Commander-in-Chief having taken up a position
at Goosaigunj, a few miles in advance of Bithoor, with a
force from Gawnpore, Brigadier-General Hope Grant's

I8S8.

242 HISTOBIGAL BEOOBDS OF THB

TheKila colamn was ordered to join him there on the Slat of
December, preparatory to an advance on Futtehgurh.

On the moraing of the let of January, 1858, Hope's
brigade, together with cavahy and artillery, and some
engineers, and accompanied by two 24-pounderB and an
8-inch howitzer, under Lieutenant Yaughan of the Naval
Brigade, advanced to the E&la Nuddee to secure the
suspension bridge which spanned that river, and which
the enemy were endeavouring to destroy. They fled
from the bridge on our approach, and inmxediately the
engineers, sappers, and some of Peel's sailors were set
to work to restore the parts damaged ; the main sup-
ports and chains, however, had not been injured.

By daylight on the morning of the 2nd the repairs
were completed, and shortly afterwards the Commander-
in-Chief made his appearance to inspect the work.

On the opposite side of the river the ground rose
gradually for some distance, and about a quarter of a
mile from the bridge, immediately facing it, stood a
village, through the middle of which ran the Futtehgurh
road. Just as the Commander-in-Chief approached
the bridge, the enemy in considerable numbers, both
infantry and cavalry, appeared on the crest of the hill,
established themselves in the village and opened a
heavy fire on our pickets, as well as on the Commander-
in-Chiefs party. Their guns also opened fire playing
vigorously upon our side of the stream, and one espe-
cially, hidden behind a large house at the corner of
the road in apparent security, threw its shot amongst
us.

The 58rd were immediately pushed across to reinforce
the pickets and cover the bridge, and the head-quarters
of the 98rd was held in reserve behind the bridge, while
three companies of the regiment, a demi battery of
artillery and twenty sowars, under Brevet-Lieutenant-

1858.

93BD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDBB& 243

Colonel C, H, Gordon were detached to protect a ford The Ma
about three miles off on the right flank.

A battery of artillery and some of Peel's guns opened
fire on the village, and continued to play upon it till the
arrival of the main column, which had been called up as
soon as the enemy appeared. During this time the fire
from the enemy's guns increased, and the one behind
the house close to the road continued to throw its shot
right over the bridge, into our position, in spite of the
sailors' efforts to silence it, until Lieutenant Vaughan,
B.N., observing accurately the spot from which it fired,

■

laid one of his guns himself with such precision that
the third shot dismounted the gun and destroyed the
carriage, after which he aimed at the tumbril, the shot
passing near it ; the next blew it up, and killed all the
men who had been serving the gun. Late in the after-
noon, after having crossed, we found the dead bodies
lying around it. The first two shots fired by Lieutenant
Vaughan had struck the house.

The head of the main colunm now arrived ; the 64th
and 8th were sent across ^e bridge^ and the head-
quarters of the 98rd ordered to fall back, pack their
baggage, and be prepared to relieve the 58rd ; but that
gallant corps, between whom and the 98rd there existed
the greatest friendship, as well as the emulation of gal-
lant soldiers, could not brook the idea of being relieved
in the advance, and several of their, number having been
wounded during the day, they were determined also to
have their revenge. On seeing the 93rd coming down
towards the bridge to relieve them, they could no longer
be restrained, but with a pealing cheer rose from their
cover and dashed into the village, just as the enemy,
smarting from our artiUery fire, were beginning to retire
in good order.

On went the 53rd, their buglers sounding the advance,

244 HISTORICAL BECX)RDS OF THE

The Kila and their officers eaxried away with the stream, perfectly

unable, even had they been willing, to restrain the ad-

1858. ym^ee of their men. The 9drd followed quick and eager
behind; Hope Grant with the cavalry moved away to,
the left and came crashing on the enemy's flank. Thus
pushed in rear by the 53rd, which followed close up, and
cut through by the cavalry, the rebel army — thitherto
retiring in perfect order covered by their light guns,
broke and fled in haste in every direction. Gun after
gun, standard after standard, fell into our possession
until coming night put an end to the pursuit.

That advance of the 53rd was a daring act of dis-
obedience, but had its origin in a gallant spirit, and the
93rd, free from all jealousy, could sympathize with the
feelings which prompted it.

Another day had closed in victory, and the Com-
mander-in-Chief, on appearing in camp, was received
with cheers by all, but with marked honour by the High-
landers, who lined the road on both sides, and waved
their bonnets to him, and to the Lancers as they passed.
The scene as described by an eye-witness, in Blackwood^ $
Magazine,^ has been quoted in the '* Life of Lord Clyde'*
as well as in the ** History of the Indian Mutiny," and
the account is so appropriate to the records of this regi-
ment, that hardly an apology is needed for repeating it
here. It is in describing the return of the cavalry from
the pursuit that the writer says : — '* Their return to camp
from this was a stirring sight of war. In front came the
9th Lancers, with three captured standards at their head;
the wild-looking Sikh horsemen rode in the rear. As
they passed the Commander-in-Chief he took off his
hat to them, with some words of praise and thanks.
The Lancers' shook their lances in the air and cheered;
the Sikhs took up the cry, waving their sabres above

* October, 1858.

93rd sutherlakd hiohlakders. 245

their heads. The men carrying the standards gave them tIm K<ia

to the wind ; the Highland brigade, who were encamping

close by, ran down and cheered both the victorious cavalry ^^^
and the veteran Chief, waving their bonnets in the air.
It was a fair sight, and reminded one of the old days of
chivalry. When Sir Colin rode back through the camp
of the Highlanders, the enthusiasm of the men exceeded
description/*

Our camp was about twelve miles from Futtehgurh,
and early the next morning we marched for that place.
The fort there and the city of Furruckabad were found
to be deserted, and so great was the terror, and so rapid
the flight of the enemy across the Ganges into Bohilcund,
that they did not take time to destroy the immense store
of material in the fort, which consequently all fell into
our hands. Nor did they even remember to cut the
bridge of boats in their rear.

A few days after arrival at Fnttehgurh, the brigade ^w"'«-
(including the 93rd), together with artillery and cavalry,
was sent to Mhow, a disturbed district about forty miles
off. The enemy retired as we advanced. The force re-
mained only long enough to protect the civil power, while
engaged in the apprehension and execution of a number
of rebels, and also to aid the engineers in the destruction
of one or two strongholds, after which it returned to Fnt-
tehgurh, and the 98rd were in camp there until the 1st
of February.

On the 26th of January the brigade marched at 11
p.m. towards Shumsabad, where they engaged and de-
feated a body of the enemy on the following morning.
The 98rd were not employed on this occasion, but re- .
mained at Futtehgurh in charge of the camp which was
left standing. The supplement to the London Oazette of
March 81st, 1858, contains Brigadier Hope's despatch
relating to the affair. In it he says, ''Captain Cox,

I
•i

246 HISTOBICAL BEC0RD8 OF THB

h - .

1858. Tfithy Brigade-Major, and Lieutenant Butter, 93rd, were
most active and useful to me/*

tetter Letter from the Queen to Sir Colin Campbell.

^q^^ "January 19th, 186a

*' The Queen must give utterance herself to the feel-
ings of pride and satisfaction with which she has learnt
of the glorious victories which Sir Colin Campbell and
I the gallant and heroic troops which he has under his

\ command have obtained over the mutineers.

" The manner in which Sir Colin has conducted all
I these operations, and his rescue of that devoted band of

j, heroes and heroines at Lucknow (which brought comfort

j and relief to so many, many anxious hearts), is beyond

I all praise.

I *' The Queen has had many proofs already of Sir

'' Colin's devotion to his Sovereign and his country, and

he has now greatly added to that debt of gratitude which
both owe him. But Sir Colin must bear one reproof
from his Queen, and that is, that he exposes himself too
much : his life is most precious, and she entreats that
he will neither put himself where his noble spirit would
urge him to be, foremost in danger, nor fatigue himself
so as to injure his health.

''In this anxious wish the Prince most earnestly joins,
as well as in all the Queen's previous expressions.

" That so many gallant and brave and distinguished
men, beginning with one whose name will ever be re-
membered with pride — ^viz. General Havelock — should
have died and fallen, is a great grief to the Queen.

" To all European as well as native troops, who have
fought so nobly and so gallantly, and amongst whom the
Queen is rejoiced to see the 98rd, the Queen wishes Sir
Colin to convey the expressions of her great admiration
and gratitude.

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDKR8. 247

"The Queen cannot oondiade without sending Sir issa
Colin the eongratnlations and good wishes of our dear ""^
daughter the Princess Boyal, who is in a fortnight to
leave her native land.

" And noWy with the fervent wish that the €k>d of
battles may ever attend and protect Sir Colin and his
noble army, the Queen concludes."

In forwarding Her Migesty's letter,* the Duke of The Daka
Cambridge added a short note : — ^b^^

'' One line in addition to my letter addressed to you ^^^J]^
this morning, to say that, in consequence of the Colonelcy OunpbeU
of the 98rd Highlanders having become vacant by the pointMit
death of General Parkinson, I have recommended the q^^^^^^^
Queen to remove you to the command of that dis- ^^«
tinguished and gallant corps, with which you have been
so much associated, not alone at the present moment in
India, but also during the whole of the campaign in the
Crimea. I thought such an arrangement would be agree-
able to yourself, and I know that it is the highest compli-
ment that Her Majesty could pay to the 93rd Highlanders
to see their dear old chief at their head ••••'*

On the 1st of February the camp broke up, the Com-
mander-in-Chief with an escort of cavaliy and artillery,
returned by forced marches to Cawnpore, and the rest of
the force followed more leisurely, leaving a garrison to
occupy Futtehgurh.

Hope Orant in command of artillery, cavalry, and

* Thii letter, extracted from the fourth volttma of Sir Theodore
Martin's " Life of the Prince Coneort,* appears in General Shadwell't
" Life of Colin Campbell, Loid Clyde," and there also I find Sir Cdlin't
reply, which includes the following paragraph :— " He will not fail to
execute the most gracious commands of Her Majesty, and will convey
to the army, and more particularly to the 93rd regiment, the remem-
brance of the Queen."

248 HISTOBICAL BEG0RD8 OF THB

1858. Hope's brigade, proceeded by regular marches to Cawn-

ThedSid pore, and there to our great regret the 68rd was removed

hrindeat ^^™ *^® brigade. This was a source of sorrow and dis-

Oftwnpore. appointment to the 98rd, as well as to that gallant corps,

for haying been so closely associated in such dangers as

they had recently passed through, especially at the relief

of Lucknow, a reciprocal feeling of esteem had sprung

up between them. This was strongly manifested when

the 98rd left Gawnpore and passed into Oude on the 10th

of February. The band of the 68rd played them to the

bridge of boats by which they crossed the Ganges, and

their o£Scers and men lined the road in honour of their

old comrades.

93rd butheblakd Highlanders. 249 I

SIEGE OP LUCKNOW.

From the middle to the end of Febniary, the army 1858.
destined to attack the city of Lucknow was gathering
from all quarters, and was distributed along the road
from Cawnpore to protect the siege train and convoys of
stores en route, and by the end of the month, the largest
and best equipped British aitny ever seen in India, led
by the Commander-in-Chief in person, was collected on
the plains near Alumbagh, prepared for the attack.*

A redistribution of the army by brigades and divi*
sions took place, new brigadiers and generals being
appointed in many cases. The 98rd had the happiness of
remaining under Brigadier Hope, whose command was
now composed of the 42nd, 98rd, and 4th Punjab Rifles,
and retained its designation, as the 4th Brigade. It now
formed part of Sir Edward Lugard*s division.

On the 2nd of March, Sir Colin moved upon Lucknow AdTaaee
with artillery, cavalry, and Lugard's division. We "^now. '
passed along the Lucknow road in rear of General Out-
ram's position, then to the right, behind the fort of Jella*
labad, and some distance beyond that turned to the left
and advanced on the Dilkoosha. The enemy's pickets were
soon driven in, with the loss of one of their guns, by the

* General Sbadwell, in bis '•Life of Lord Clyde," ■ays:—*' The '
efTeotive force at Sir Colin's diepoeal for tbe undertaking in band may
be calculated at 18,708 men ; but in addition to tbese be could reckon
on Frank8*8 column, and eventually on tbeNepaaleee force under Jung
Babadoor, making in all aometbing like 31,000 men, with 164 guns.

It
li

250 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

LrcEHow. cavalrj and artillery. Our troops then took possession
I8sa of the Dilkoosha palace, and of the Mahomed Bagh.

The force bivouacked for the night, all with their
arms beside them, ready to fall in at a moment's notice,
to meet any attack that might be made on them. The
next morning the 42nd and 98rd moved about a quarter
of a mile to the right, and encamped in and around a
village facing the Martiniire, and near the river Goomtee.
Here we remained only two days, for the enemy became
aware of our position, and kept dropping round shot into
our camp. We were moved further back, and in this
position the regimental camp remained until the 11th of
March.

From the 8rd of March the regiment was employed
every other day as one large outlying picket in the Ma-
homed Bagh, facing a strong position held by the enemy
outside the city.

A continual fire of round shot was kept up on this post
by the enemy, and on one occasion while it was held by the
98rd, they made a demonstration in force, and appeared
determined to attack, but were driven back by our artil-
lery, and by the fire of the 98rd from behind the garden'
walL

During this time a floating bridge was being thrown

across the Goomtee, about a mile in rear of the camp of

. . the 42nd and 98rd, and the working parties were covered

by some of Peel's guns. The enemy endeavoured to
prevent this work, and kept up a constant fire on the
men employed at it, from a gun placed at the eastern
angle of the Martini&re. As soon as our bridge was com-
pleted, one large 24 -pounder gun and several howitzers
were pulled over, and placed so as to command the open
country on the other side, and to keep the Martini^re guns
quiet. To protect our own guns, earthworks were thrown
up, which also gave shelter to the supporting parties.

^ 93BD 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLANDERS. 251

On the morning of the 6th of Mareh» a force nnderLwaarow.
Major-General Outram crossed the river by this bridge, i85S.
met and drove back a body of the enemy who came to
attack them, and proceeded with the task assigned to them
— of taming and rendering useless the works on the
left bank of the Ooomtee — ^which they accomplished by
the 9th.

On the morning of the 9th the different regiments of ^^^ ^*
the division to which the 9Srd belonged* under command Marti,
of Major-General Lugard, began to assemble round the
Dilkoosha in readiness to storm the Martini^, screening
themselves behind the buildings and outhouses, and in
the surrounding woods ; horse artillery being there also.
Thus the troops remained for some hours, during which
the enemy perceiving the massing of so many on one
point, kept up from their batteries on our left, and from
the Martini&re, a constant fire of round shot, which did
little harm beyond killing some of the artillery horses.
Our batteries in the meanwhile kept up a heavy fire on
the building.

All being ready, somewhere about 2 p.m. the assault-
ing columns with their supports, accompanied by horse
artillery, emerged from their cover, and advanced rapidly.
The Punjabees and 42nd made a rush to take the enemy
in flank, and the 98rd extended in skirmishing order,
supported by the 90th Light Infantry, advanced at a run
directly on the front of the position, accompanied by. a
troop of horse artillery which manoeuvred beautifully,
and kept in front until the assaulting regiments passed
into the broken ground immediately before the Martini^e.
The enemy made but slight resistance, and that only .
from a distance. Their batteries continued to play on
our advancing column, their skirmishers exchanged shots
with ours, but their main body retired with precipitation
out of the Martini^re, across the canal, and behind their

252 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

LvoKHow. earthworks, which extended from Banks's bungalow to the
185& river. The 42nd entered the Martini&re first by the right
wing, and the 98rd almost at the same time, by the front
of the building. Thus was carried this important posi-
tion, the loss on our side being trifling, except that it
included Captain Peel who had been severely wounded
before the assault took place. The 98rd had none killed.

The enemy retiring from the Martini^ were followed
by our brigade and driven further back. The 93rd estab-
lished themselves in an extensive garden, where they
bivouacked for the night under cover of its mud walls.

On the following day (the 10th), a howitzer and
heavy guns of the Naval' Brigade were brought into the
enclosure, openings made in the wall, and the guns
placed in position, and at the same time, to our left,
close to Banks's bungalow, another battery of heavy
guns was placed, both batteries for the purpose of
making breaches in the Begum's palace (or Begum Kotee),
a large pile of buildings and enclosures immediately in
front of and covering the Kaiser Bagh. The Begum's
palace was known to be strongly garrisoned. A mud
wall, loopholed, ran along the front of it, which faced
the enclosures occupied by the 98rd and Banks's
bungalow; the gateways were concealed and protected
by strong earthworks, and the buildings were surmounted
by loopholed parapets. Added to these defences was a
broad deep ditch along the whole front of the position,
the existence of which, however, was not known to us
until the assault was given.

During the whole of the 10th, the two batteries played
on the palace, the one in the garden with the 93rd on
the side of the maiu entrance, and the other from Banks's
bungalow so as to breach the wall nearest that point.*

* MeAnwbiltt Mnjor-Gteoeral Outnm kept up a cross fire on th«
enemy in the Kaiser Bagb from the oppodte side of the Gkwmtee.

93rd. SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDBR& 253

The enemy kept up so sharp and constant a fire as to Lvoxmyw.
prove that the garrison was numerous, while from the ig^
tops of the large adjoining buildings their musketry and
** jingall " * practice was incessant.

The 93rd remained in the garden that night, and the Stormiiig
time was passed in much the same way as before until Begum't
about 8 p.m. on the 11th, when it was announced that ^^^^"^^
the honour of assaulting the position was allotted to
them by the .Commander-in-Chief. The regiment on
being relieved by the 90th light infantry was told off
by Brigadier Hope into two divisions; the right wing,
under Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay, consisting of the
Grenadiers, Nos. 1, 2, 8, and 4 companies, was to assault
and enter by the front breach; the left wing, under
Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel (Gordon, Nos. 5, 6, 8, and
light companies, attacking the breach on the flank of
the position made by the battery at Banks's bungalow.

At four o'clock p.m., the large guns became silent,
and at the same time the enemy's musketry fire
slackened. At this moment the 98rd emerged from the
enclosures, moved up the road, and without a shot fired
at it, got under cover of some ruined buildings. Colonel
Hay's division being almost in front of the gate, and
Colonel Gordon's to the flank.

At a signal given by Brigadier Hope,t both storming
parties left their cover, and dashed with a cheer, right at
their respective breaches. The enemy quickly manning
the walls and loopholes, poured a perfect storm of
musketry at the advancing columns. Not a man fell, for
they fired too high, tod not a man wavered, but under
a storm of bullets hissing over and around them, the
gallant stormers reached the breaches, being only

^ JiDgallB, wall pieces.

t Before the assault was given, Brigadier Hope had addressed a
few encouraging words to the r^ment.

254' HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

Luouiow. checked, and but for a moment on their way, by the
ig5g^ broad ditch. An instant's surprise at the unexpected
obstacle — ^when a few of the Grenadiers headed by
Captain Middleton leapt into the ditch, and were im-
mediately followed by the whole. Colonel Hay, Captain
Middleton, and a few men having gained the other side
of the ditch, helped others up, and one by one they
entered the narrow breach. At the same time the other
storming party (the left wing of the regiment) with equal
rapidity and daring, had gained the breach on the right,
and the leading files, headed by Captain Clarke of the
light company, effected an entrance.

Every obstacle that could be opposed to the stormers
had been prepared by the enemy — every room, door,
gallery, or gateway, was so obstructed and barricaded
that only a single man could pass at a time. Almost
every window, or opening that could afford the slightest
shelter, was occupied by an enemy, and in threading
their way through the narrow passages and doorways,
our men were exposed to unseen foes. However, one
barrier after another was passed, and the men of the
98rd in little parties, headed by officers, emerged into
the first square of the building, where the enemy in
large numbers stood ready for the struggle.

No thought of unequal numbers for a moment with-
held our men, who, seeing their enemy in front, rushed
to encounter them, and for two hours the rifle and the
bayonet were unceasingly employed by them and by
the Punjabees* who had followed in support. From
room to room, from court to court, the rebels were
driven. At one moment a party of Sepoys would rush
out to fight hand to hand, while others would conceal
themselves in every available shelter. Numbers were
bayoneted or shot while skulking in small dark rooms.

^ 4th Punjab Riflet.

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDSR& 255

Uany of the officers had personal enoounters with the LuGorow.

enemy. isMi

The left wmg after gaining an entrance drove a body
of the rebels with great slaughter through the buildings,
and followed them towards the Eaiserbagh, then took up
positions along the road to keep in check the enemy's
supports, and to destroy such of the garrison as might
attempt to escape near them. Captain Clarke was the
first man with this wing to enter the breach.

Captain Stewart (No. 2 company) led a number of
men in pursuit beyond the palace and came under a
heavy fire from a loopholed building at the end of a
street, where the fighting was severe, and a party of the
42nd was sent to his support.

As dusk came on, the masses of the enemy had dis-
appeared — ^the position was won I

The casualties in the 98rd amounted to two officers
and thirteen men killed, and two officers and forty-five
men wounded. The officers killed were Captain Charles
William McDonald and Lieutenant Sergison; wounded.
Lieutenant Grimston and Ensign Hastie.

Captain McDonald had, previous to the assault, been
wounded severely by a splinter of a shell which struck
him on his sword arm, but he refused to retire to the
hospital; on entering the breach at the head of his
company, he was shot through the thigh, and in this
disabled state was being carried to the surgeon, when
a bullet passed through his neck and killed him.

Lieutenant Sergison was shot dead while endeavour-
ing to break open a door, behind which several of the
enemy were concealed.

Lieutenant Orimston, on entering one of the small
outbuildings with some men, was attacked by one of the
^emy who made a cut at his head with a tulwar — he
put up his claymore to guard himself and received the

256 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

LiKSKNow. blow on the hilt which was cut through^ as well as its

j[^ leather linings inJQicting a bad wound in the thumb.

Lieutenant Grimston then struck his opponent with all

his mighty killing him on the spot, and took possession

of his sword.

Lieutenant and Adjutant McBean distinguished him-
self by killing with his own hand eleyen of the enemy,
whom he encountered in the main breach.

John Macleody the pipe major, was amongst the first
to force his way through at the front breach, and no
sooner was he in than he began to encourage the men
by playii^g his bagpipes — ^and continued doing so
throughout the fighting, in places perfectly exposed,
doubtless to the astonishment of the Sepoys.

The 98rd engaged numbered about eight hundred men,
one company (No. 7), under Captain Dawsoxi, having been
left in charge of the regimental camp, these at the time
of the assault were present as a Guard of Honour at the
Durbar, on the occasion of Jung Bahadoor's visit to Sir
Colin CampbelL

The losses of the enemy must have been enormous,
for on the following day eight hundred and sixty of their
dead were buried, all found within the different enclosures.
Many must have escaped wounded. It was afterwards
ascertained that the garrison consisted partly of eight
Sepoy regiments, their numbers amounting to about five
thousand men.

All the medical officers were present throughout the
attack — Assistant- Surgeons Sinclair and Bell with the
right wing, and Menzies with the left, accompanied the
stormers, while Dr. Munro remained outside to receive
the wounded, who were all collected afterwards, and
taken to the regimental camp, which had been moved to
the rear of the Dilkoosha during the day.*

* During all the operations from the taking of the Martiniire, the

>«««#^

_ ir.i^ jmii»i«iim irrrtj ' ^ -■ i "irTi rf-nTif irnf <^^- a^ ^/A.^ .^ ^^'-^^-i^i^ii^.^^Y^^^ -^^^

93rd BUTHERLAND HIOHLAKDEBa 257

On the afternoon of the 18th of March, the regiment Lucnrow.
was relieved and returned to camp. 185^ \

The officers and soldiers who had been killed were
buried near the Dilkoosha.

During the interval between the 18th and 20th, the
Kaiser Bagh, Imambara, and other positions, were taken
from the enemy ; the regiment, however, had no share in
these operations, but remained in camp until the 20th,
when they returned to the front, preparatory to an
attack which was to be made the following day on the
rebels remaining in the city.

On the 21st the 98rd, supported by the 4th Punjab
Bifles, after some severe skirmishing and street fighting,
expelled the rebels from several large mosques and
enclosures situated at the north end of the city. Eleven
of the 98rd were wounded, and a number of the enemy
were killed. Two officers of the Punjab Bifles and
several of their men were wounded.

On the 27th of March, No. 6 company, under Captain
Burroughs, being on guard at the Burra Durree gateway
in the CJioke of Lucknow, it was reported at about
one p.m. that some Sepoys held possession of a house
near the post, and were firing at all passers by. Captain
Burroughs started with a party to dislodge them, and
while engaged in making arrangements to effect that
purpose, and on the top of the flat roofed house occupied
by the enemy, he saw a puff of smoke, indicating an
explosion, and ran down the stairs ; the staircase was

hospital was with the regimental camp in the yioinity of the Dilkoosha.
Id spite of the great care' and attention of Dr. Munro^ who had the
tents pitched under trees, the ground around them saturated with
water and heaten down hard, the walls of the tents raised and gptfd
out, while natives were kept fanning the wounded, their discomforts from
heat and dust were considerahle. But amidst all their sufierings there
was a surprising display of cheerfulness, and an amount of gratitude
which could not be otherwise than most encouraging to the medical
olBcers.

• ""■"•' ''' - i -n i TTf^ fc ^.

- «"' 1 ^ I « .Mr> » -.-^-*.V

r ^ TS? K «• .M^av •« ^htetfMMMk W*dJMa

258

HI8T0BIGAL BECOBDS OF THE

1 ;

LuoKHow. blown from under him, and a brick struck him on the
18^. right leg, breaking it ; in his fall the leg was broken a
second time, and the wall of the building fell on him.
He was extricated from the debris and carried to the
camp at Dilkoosha, where he was placed under chloro-
form, and the wounded limb was set. It appears that
unknown to each other a party of the 97th regiment was
engaged in the same object as the 98rd, and decided on
dislodging the enemy by means of gunpowder.

This day terminated the fighting at Lucknow, which
was now completely in our possession.

In a few days the regiment returned to Dilkoosha,
and remained in camp there until the 7th of April.

No regiment was more frequently employed in these
operations against Lucknow than the 93rd, and none
suffered more during the siege of the city.'

Extract. — ^Nominal return of casualties at Lucknow,
from the .2nd to 21st of March, 1858, dated Lucknow,
March 28th, 1868.

93bD HlOHLAXa>SB8.

(OfiScers* names are g^ven in this return.)

1563 Seiipeant James Qow . Killed.

2S06 „ John Dysart • Severely wonnded.

1907 w John McMillan . Dangerously wounded.

8018 M John Wedderspoone Ditto.

2670 Corporal John Steel .

1670 M John Hind

2029 n Solomon White

8206 Private J. Griffin .

8228
8792
2638
3483
3832
2634
8787
4018
4101

aMcGee
W.MitcheU
A. Finlayson .
A. Gough .
J. McCulloch
M. Russell
J. Ross
J. Anderson
D. Beid

Killed.

Dangerously wounded.

SlighUy

Ditta

Severely wounded.

SlighUy „

Ditto.

Ditta

Ditto.

Ditta

93BD SUTHERLAND HiaHI<Ain>KB8.

259

8842 PriTtte

J.Kichol

Slightly wmmded. Lvodtow.

9216

William OdbHn

KUled. —

87e2

•»

GeorgttlniMt

8130

Junes McKay

1206

•»

James KlDoear •

2689

John McEwan

8266

John McQrqgor •

m ■

2828

James Martin •

160

Daniel Parke

2964

Henry Beaddie

8288

i»

JdhnFrenoh.

8221

Charles Bailey

Slightly wounded.

2666

QeorgeBryoe

Sererely i^

8614

«•

Peter Odthness

Ditta

8619

William Bink •

DlttOL

Arthur CSampheli

Ditto.

8898

John Connor

Ditta

1812

William Collie

Ditto.

8829

James Connygham

Dangerously woonded.

8488

James Cosgrore

Ditta

2987

John Fiaser

Severely wounded.

8428

»»

William Gihson

Slightiy ., • .

i»

T^liamGihhe .

SeTerely „

2900

John Graham

• Ditta

8124

Andrew Houston •

Ditta

8847

William Leadhetter •

Slightly wounded.

184

Peter Leakie '

Severely i.

2806

f»

John McDonald «

Slightly H

2066

Thomas McKay •

SeTerely „

2494

George McKay

Ditta

2286

t»

Samuel McKensie

Ditta

8779

Rohert McLeod

Ditto (rinoe dead^Vareh

21st).

2696

Duncan Munro •

Slightly wounded.

2071

Michal Patterson

Dangerously wounded.

8668

John Beid

Slightly

8489

»»

James Beilly •

Dangerously «

8644

Edward Shaw

Sererely ^

8894

»f

Thomas Sheppard

Ditta

2696

John Stewart

Ditta

2114

•9

Alexander Thompson

Slightly wounded.

8672

WUliam Walker .

Sererdy ^

3099

John White .

Slightiy ^

148

Alexander Wilson .

Dangerously „

Alexander Daff

Missing.

?^^

"*■

-.,-u

»-..«

•

""■ " " '

■ «— »« .■■!.<>

- -"1--' '•• . - if^ mi

260

HISTORICAL RECORDS

OF THE

LUCKVOW*.

3253

PHTate

John Armstrong .

Severely wounded.

3044

Alexander Barrie

Slightly ^

. 1858.

3518

Alexander Beath •

Ditta

2878

James Freguson

Ditto.

8738

»»

Francis Lauchlan .

Severely wonnded.

3626

M •

James Lyons

Slightiy „

195

James McDonald •

Severely n

3397

Samnel McDumie

Ditto.

2579

Thomas Marshall .

Slightly wounded.

3258

Alexander McLeod

DiiUk

3335

Sergeant John MoKay •

Ditto.

Order by Brigadier-Oeneral Sir Edward Lagard.

" Head-quarters, 2nd lu&ntry Divhdon,

** Camp before Lucknow, 11th March, 1858.

''Ist. The Brigadier-Oeneral congratulates the 2nd
division, and especially the 4th brigade, upon the
achievements of the day.

** The Brigadier-General has shared in many hard-
fought actions during his service, but on no occasion
has he witnessed a more noble and determined advance
than was made by the 93rd Highlanders this day, ably
supported by the 4th Punjab Bifles, in the storming of
the position of the Begum's palace.

** 2nd. To Brigadier the Honourable A. Hope especially,
and Lieutenant-Colonel A. S. Leith Hay, Lieutenant-
Colonel Gordon and Major Wilde, the Brigadier-Gkneral
desires to offer his best thanks for the able and gallant
manner in which they led the attack, and it will be the
Brigadier-General's pleasing duty to bring the conduct
of these and other officers, together with the daring and
devoted behaviour of the officers, non-commissioned
officers and men under their command, to the particular
notice of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief.'*

93rd SUTHSRLAND HIGHLANDSiUl 261

Extracts from Sir Colin Campbell's despatch, dated ^y<3Kxow*

March 22nd, 1868.^ ' 185&

** The chief engineer, Brigadier Napier, pUkced the
batteries with a view to breaching and shelling a large
block of palaces called the Begom Eotee. The latter
was stormed with great gallantry by the 98rd High-
landers, supported by the 4th Ponjab Bifles and one
thousand Ghoorkas, led by Brigadier the Honourable
Adrian Hope, under the direction of Brigadier-General
Sir Edward Lugard, E.C.B.

** The troops secured the whole block of buildings,
and inflicted a very heavy loss on the enemy, the attack
having been one of a very desperate character.

♦ e e e e

** Finally, I wish to draw your Lordship^ attention to
the conduct of the regimental officers, commissioned and
non-commissioned, and to the men of the regiments.

** Their conduct has been very brilliant throughout.
The manner in which the 98rd regiment flung itself into
the Begum Eotee, follow^ by the 4th Sikhs and
supported by the 42nd, was magnificent.'*

Boll of officers who have served under Brigadier-
General Sir E. Lugard, E.G.B., commanding 2nd
infantry division, during the operations at Lucknow
in March, 1858, and who are deemed deserving of
honourable mention : —

(Extract.)

''Brigadier Honourable A. Hope. Merits especial
notice ; has given me most valuable aid, and was actively
engaged throughout.

* This despatch is oonUined in the London QasetU of May 25th,
1858.

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'•1

[
I

(

262 mSTOBIOAL BSC0RD8 OF THB

•

LvoKvow. ''Lieutenant-Colonel Leith Hay. Commanded the
{g^ 9Srd Highlanders on every occasion.

''Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon. Commanded the ad-
vance on the 11th and 2l8t. A most excellent and
gallant officer.

{Signed) " Edwabd Luoabd,

" Brigadier-(}eneral.'*

■ ^ ■ < ■■■■■ * I I mi» * tm ■».» f» ..i«i t .1^1 I ■ .. Mi iKfefcwxaiMhirti^^tN l i —fi ' ^ r mill^MttLj A ammMtt u mi^MLia^mKtSu^a^sgi^^^^SiffM

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDEB8. 263

CAMPAIGNS IN ROHILCUND AND OUDE.

On the afternoon of the 6th of April, the regiment igsg.
received orders to move on the tolloT¥ing day, to join
the rest of the force for Bohilcnnd. The wounded and
sick were to be left behind and sent to the general
hospital, established in one of the large bmldings of .
the Eaiserbagh. Two officers. Captain Borroaghs, Lien-
tenant Mackenzie, and twelve men were thus left behind.

At daylight on the 7th the regiment moved from the Rohflcand
Dilkoosha, marched through the city, and joined the •^P*^
camp of Brigadier-Greneral Walpole, some five miles on
the other or north-west side of Lucknow.

The force consisted of .the 42nd, 79th, and 98rd
Highlanders, thus reunited in brigade, under Brigadier
Hope ; our tried friends the 4th Punjab Rifles, the
9th Lancers, 2nd Punjab Cavalry, two troops of horse
artillery, two 18-pounders, two 8-inch howitzers, mortars,
and some engineers and sappers*

On the 8th of April, the Bohilcund force remained
halted, moved again on the 9th, and on every succeeding
day until the 16th, a day which can never be forgotten
by the 9Srd, or indeed by any officer or man present.

Our march was in a north-westerly direction. On Attack on
the 16th, long before daylight the force was under arms, smidi.
and moved cautiously across country for about three or
four miles, when a halt was called. The baggage having
been collected a strong guard was told off to protect it.

264 HIRTOKIGAL BEGORDS OF THU

1858. This gnard consisted of two guns and detachments from
every corps. At about 10 a.m. the whole force carefully
advanced through some thick wood, and at last came
close to the fort of Booyah, the garrison of which
immediately opened fire with guns and musketry.

The 42nd was in advance, supported by the 98rdy the
79th being in reserve. Our guns were quickly placed
in position and opened a rapid fire, while the 42nd and
two companies of the 98rd (No. 8 and light company)
and the 4th Punjab Bifles were pushed forward close
to the walls, under cover of some low banks, and com-
menced a brisk fire on the garrison. The 42nd occupied
the cover in front, the 98rd on the left flank, and the
Punjab Bifles on the right flank of the fort.

In the meanwhile no reconnaisance was made by the
j general in command, but during the whole day things

remained in this state, our guns played on the fort
r without the least effect, and our skirmishers exchanged

shots with the garrison, with little loss to the enemy,
I while ours was severe and irreparable.

I Brigadier the Honourable Adrian Hope, a leader not

only admired, but beloved by his brigade, and especially
by the 93rd — of which he was still the second
lieutenant-colonel, — fell, while endeavouring to find out
the arrangement of the fort, and to ascertain if there
were any way of entering. Not that any order had
been given to prepare for an assault ; but had he lived
a short time longer it is more than probable an assault
would have taken place. After his death nothing was
done and we only continued to get the worst of it.

At sunset the force was withdrawn, to the amaze-
ment of all (the enemy firing on us as we retired), and
the camp was formed within a mile of the foit. Our
casualties on this unhappy day were (in addition to the
brigadier) six men wounded in the regiment. The brunt

93rd SUTHEBLAIO) HIGHLAKDEBa 265 I

of the encounter, however, had fallen on the 42nd, ivho isas. \ :

lost Lieutenants Douglas and Bramley, and seven men ' >

killed, and one officer and thirty-one men wounded — and • j

on the 4th Punjab Rifles, of whom forty-five were killed
and wounded in addition to Lieutenant Willoughby,
10th Bombay Native Infantry, attached to the regi-
ment. Lieutenant Harrington, of the Artillery, was also
kiUed.

On the next morning, the 17th, the fort was found
to be empty, the enemy having vacated it during the
night, evidently leisurely, for nothing was left except
their dead and a broken gun carriage.

Having taken possession of the place measures were
at once adopted to destroy it* Originally it had been
a square enclosure, but had fallen into decay, and so
open and unprotected by any work behind that a
regiment of cavalry might have ridden in. On the left
flank also was a wide gateway through which might
have been drawn a carriage, but it was concealed from
view by a high earthen breastwork, which at a distance
looked like part of the parapet of the fort.

In the evening of the 17th the remains of Brigadier
Adrian Hope were interred with military honours.

The shame and the anger of the gallant soldiers at
the defeat which had been brought upon them through
no fault of their own, was eclipsed by the great sorrow
that had fallen on all, in the loss of their beloved leader.
rSo better words .could be chosen than those of
Dr. Russell, the correspondent of the Times, who truly
said of him, " A gentler, braver spirit never breathed —
a true soldier, a kind, courteous, noble gentleman, in
word and deed ; devoted^ to his profession, beloved by
his men, adored by his friends — ^this, indeed, is a sad
loss to the British armyJ^'V^

No one was more deeply moved than Sir Colin

266 msTOBioAL becobds of the

1858. Campbell himself/ who in his despatch says: ''The
death of this most distinguished and gallant officer
causes the deepest grief to the Commander-in-Chief.
Still young in years^f he had risen to high command ;
and by his undaunted courage, combined as it was with
extreme kindness and charm of manner, he had sei^ured
the confidence of his brigade in no ordinary degree."^

The following letter from Lieutenant Butter to"ihe
Honourable Charles Hope^ contains details of the death
of our lamented brigadier : —

** Bowdemally between Lucknow and Futtehgurb,

" April leth, 1868.

Letter " My DBAB Bnu

Lieut " ^ot kno^ring any of the late Colonel Hope's

^'^^ friends personally, I take the liberty of writing to. you,

Chaziee as I have no doubt you would like to hear some of the

^^^ particulars of his death. I have been his orderly officer

since he had a brigade, and I never had a kinder or

better friend*

" Yesterday about nine a.m. we all attacked a fort
about a mile off the road, and about one or two o'clock
the poor colonel, with the brigade-major and myself,
went out to the advanced line of skirmishers to see
what was doing. He went up a bank to look over, and
had hardly shown himself before he fell back. I thought
he was not much hurt, as at first I only saw some blood
on his trousers, and said to him, ' I hope you are not
much hurt ? ' but he said, ' It is all over with me.* I
then got him some water, and was going away for a
doctor, when he called me back, shook me by the hand,
and said, 'Good-bye, Archie; remember me to all
friends ; * and these were his last words. I wailed a

^ General Shadwell'i *« Life of OoUn Cftrapbell, Lord Gyde.*
t He WM only thirty-seven. t Brigadier Hope*i brother.

»<« • * • *■ ' ■ •'-—^ M. .*m * r >■« «. i. .\^-1m ■ • _ ■ ^ ,-- , -■-•■.• ^ - .. - - J-^ Si».^^y ^,S^^jMti.^ ^^.^ "rflHl

93BD 8UTHEBLANO HIGHLANDSBS. 267

little to see if he had anything else to say, bat he shut isss.
his eyes and sank rapidly. I then went for a doctor — ^ii """^
was no use, he died in about ten minutes after he was
hit. I think he was sensible to the last, and I don't
think he suffered much pain. He was shot from a
height, as the ball went in just aboTe the collar-bone, on
the left side, and went downwards. I haTe his ring,
watch, sword, and other little things, and will send them
home by the first opportunity. I also cut off a lock of
his hair ; if you know any one who would wish to have a
lock, I will be Tery glad to send them one.

" It is needless to say how much we all feel his
death, but I never saw any one whose loss is so deeply
deplored, as he was a uniTsrsal favourite. He is to be
buried this afternoon. Ton must excuse this letter, as I
am very busy.

*' Believe me, yours very truly,
(Signed^ "A. Buttbb,

" Lieutenant 98rd Highlanders.**

Extract from nominal roll of casualties in Brigadier-
General Walpole*s field force at Booyah : —

9Srd Highlanders.

WouMDni.

1260 Sergeant David Sim • Severely.

8717 Private Robert Davidson • . Severely.

8746 M Alexander Harris . Slightly.

108 „ Hugh McKay SlighUy.

1967 „ James Lennant . • . Slightly.

Extract firom Brigadier-General B. Walpole's despatch,

dated, Oamp, Madhogunge, April 16th, 1868.

• • • • • •

''By half-past two o'clock the fire of our heavy guns
appeared to haye made little or no impression on the place,
and as no gun could be brought to bear upon the gate.

'-I Tn-BiTi TT*-irr^i '- rr ■ tr-mmmr r ■ laiMtifcw -johmV rf- «>i«i

y1»i ' «*l* ^ '

268

HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THE

185& the passage to which was not straight, and it could not
be approached without the men being exposed to a very
* hea^y fire from the bastion and loopholed walls that
commanded it, I considered it better not to attempt an
assault until more impression had been made upon the
walls of the place, and as it was getting late, to with-
draw from the north side, and commence operations
against the south-east angle on the following morning,
which had been reconnoitred by the Engineers, and
where they thought it would be easier to effect a breach,
as it could be better seen, and more direct fire could be
brought to bear.

I therefore directed the camp to be pitched on the
south side, about a mile from the fort, and withdrew from
the north side, where it would have been dangerous to have
passed the night, as it was surrounded by' thick jungle.

This morning, at daylight. Major Brind, Bengal Artil-
lery, and Captain Lennox, Boyal Engineers, proceeded
again to reconnoitre the place thoroughly before recom-
mencing operations, and found that the enemy had
evacuated it, leaving their guns behind them, five in
number, ammunition, a large quantity of attah, and
some tents. As some of the carriages were found
without their guns, and the track of a gun carriage could
be traced to a well, where the water is very deep, I have
no doubt other guns have been thrown down it. I had
information that there were more in the place, and it is
certain none were carried out.

*' The reports as to the numbers of the enemy vary
so much that it is impossible to arrive at any certainty
upon the point, but I am inclined to think the number
stated in my despatch yesterday, viz. about fifteen
hundred, to be nearly correct ; but the strength of the
garrison consisted in the nature and situation of the
fort, not in their numbers.

93rd SUTHEBULKD HIGHLANDEB8. 269

'f I regret to say that this operation has eost as above isss. .
one hundred officers and men killed and wounded, and I *'~~
have deeply to deplore the loss of Brigadier the Honour-
able A. Hope, from whom I had received the greatest
assistance/*

Qn the death of Brigadier Hope, the command of the Oolood
brigade devolved on Colonel Leith Haj, Captain Middle- ^^f^J^
ton for a time commanding the regiment ^^

On the 18th of April the force resumed its advance, Bd^^ide.
and on the 22nd the enemy were encountered near
Allehgunge, when they were defeated with the loss of
four guns. Upwards of three hnndred of their dead
were left on the field.

The troops encamped at Allehgunge, remaining there \

a few days. Here Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel B. Lock- '

hart Boss took command of the regiment, to which he '

had returned from a depot battalion in exchange with
Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel C. H. Gordon.

A strong brigade of infantry, a large body of cavalry,
and a number of heavy and light guns joined us, and the
Commander-in-Chief took command of the whole in
person on the 27th of ApriL

The army proceeded towards BareiUy, arriving at BfttOa
Shajehanpore on the 80th of April, from which place BareOly.
the enemy had retired. A small garrison being left
here, we resumed our march, and on the 4th of May
* were at Furreedpore, within one day's distance of
Bareilly, having in the meanwhile been further rein-
forced by the column lately in command of Oeneral
Penny, who had been killed on the SOth of April, in a
night skirmish.

The army moved from Furreedpore very early on
the morning of the 6th -of May, and was halted at about
the sixth mile from Bareilly to allow the baggage to

OOVOw

' ~ . , ^ _ ^jij.aij___ jg—jK^.^

'■*^»r">^. . n * * * > >^>-* f , L wirf'» - » ii» » » ii* »■ • > ■ » jartm »»..;-WMj

270 HISTOBIOAL BECOBDS OF THE

Basmsllt. dose upT At 6 a.m. {he force formed in order of battle

1858L ^^^ advanced.

" The advance/* says General Shad well, in his '' Life
of Lord Clyde/' ''was covered by a line of cavalry
skirmishers, those of the 2nd Poiyab Cavalry being on
the left of the road, those of the Lahore Light Horse
on the right. The 78th Highlanders followed in support
along the road, flanked on either side by two troops of
the 9th Lancers, as weU as by Tombs*s and the half of
Bemmington's troops of horse artillery. Next came the
42nd and 98rd Highlanders, with the heavy batteries
marching on the road between them, and flanked and
supported by the Moultan Horse, Punjab Cavalry, the
two squadrons of Carabineers, the remainder of the 9th
Lancers, and the 4th Punjab Infantry, the 79th High-
landers, the 64th regiment, and the wing of the Belooch
battalion. Then followed the siege-train and baggage,
guarded by the wing of the 82nd regiment, the 2nd, and
the 22nd Punjab Infantry. The tail of the column was
closed by the rear-guard, consisting of Bemmington's
troop of horse artillery, detachments of the 5th Punjab
Cavalry, and the 17th Irregular Cavalry." The strength
of the British column amounted to 7687 men, and
nineteen guns, exclusive of the siege-train.

An attack on the baggage was attempted by the
enemy's cavalry, who were soon repulsed by our artillery
and cavalry.

The 79th and 98rd, supported by the Belooch batta- .
lion, seized the villages in front, and a detachment of
the 42nd occupied the fort

Early in the afternoon the troops halted for the day,
and sheltered themselves as far as possible from the
intense heat of the sun. The hospital tents were pitched
for the accommodation of the sick and wounded, while
the troops bivouacked. The day waa a most trying one,

93B0 SUTHEBLAKD HIGHLANDEB& 271

owing to the great heat, and several cases of sunstrolce Bamblly. i I

occurred in different corps. The 93rd lost one man isml ' |

from this cause. There were no other casualties in j

the regiment.

On the 7th of May, a part of the 9Srd, under Brevet-
Lieutenant-Colonel Boss, was employed to dislodge some
of the enemy from the city. On this occasion Captain
B. A. Cooper distinguished himself by killing three of
the enemy with his revolyer, one of whom had his
bayonet through Sergeant Fiddes*s shoulder. This day
Bareilly fell completely into our possession. '

Sir Colin Campbell*s despatch on the capture of
Bareilly appears in the London QazetU of July 28th,
1858, and is dated May 8th.

Extract. — Killed, wounded, and missing in the force
under the Commander-in-Chief, in action at Bareilly,
6th May, 1868 :—
9Srd. 1 man ** died from sunstroke.**

NlMl.

Private Gordon Sutherland.

The regiment remained under canvas until the
middle of June,' after which it occupied the civil gaol,
which had been prepared for its reception, and continued
to be part of the garrison of Bareilly until the middle of
October.

During the time the 9Srd remained here the men
suffered much from fever, and there were many cases of
what is commonly called sunstroke, a few of which were
fataL Our men were much exhausted from the fatigue
undergone since their arrival in India, and especially
from exposure to the sun during the hot weather cam-
paign, and were consequently more liable to attack from
sickness. The 42nd suffered equally, but the 78th High-

-=1fclHW II I ■■■■I

■ ' > »* V M^ M^

ttl_ -,"_"-; .•_ -Jf-.— >•;*.-' »*}•->;■ ^ ^r ^..>« ... K< ^ .

■ - « .«(>*>.<» j^

'■ ^ jM * * *■ t - Ja&.

<HlUliXH.i

272

HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THE

1858. landers, inured to the climate, remained comparatiyely

^ The regiment took the field in October, and marched

Action at ^ Shajehanpore, where it was brigaded with the Ist
^^t'&of^ battalion 60th Boyal Bifles and the 66th Ghoorka regi-
ment, to which force was added one troop of horse
artillery, some heavy siege gmis, a squadron of European
cavalry, and two squadrons of irregular cavalry. The
whole under the command of Brigadier Colin Troup.

This column entered Oude about the middle of the
month, and on the 19th encountered a large body of
rebels at a village called Pusgaon, where they had
entrenched themselves. From this position they were
quickly expelled, and our force followed in pursuit. No
sooner had our main body passed through the village
than the rebel cavalry appeared in rear, and attacked
the baggage, cutting up a number of camp followers and
mutilating some native women. The bulk of the bag-
gage guard (a company of the 93rd, under Brevet-Major
Dawson, with a proportion of cavalry) was far away
from where this attack was going on, but Lieutenant W.
F. Fullarton, as baggage-master to the column, had an
escort of a native officer and twenty men of the Mooltan
Cavalry, and the sick of the regiment, twelve in number
(having at Dr. Munro's request been armed the night
before), turned out of their conveyances to assist the men,
and marching at intervals along the line of baggage,
kept up a fire on the enemy. One man of the 93rd,
Private Alexander Walker,* was killed and mutilated, his
head being cut off. A rebel Sowar stuck his lance
into the head, and tried to carry it off. Lieutenant
Fullarton, with his escort, charged the enemy, driving
them towards our cavaliy, and recovered Walker's head

^ Th)g poor fellow bud for some reason been detailed to take tbe
place of my servant with the baggage, fur the day.— R. U. fiL

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDER& 273 i

with the lanoe sticking in it, the bamboo shaft haTing 1858. ;

broken off at about the lanoe head. The country around Q^p^|_

Pusgaon was thickly wooded, and the greater part of in .

the rebels escaped without our being able to pursue \

them, though a number were killed. The force remained

near Pusgaon for a few days.

At daylight on the 26th we were under arms. The surmiah
baggage having been all collected in one place, and sur- bomiiI'
rounded by a strong guard, we moved in quest of the P^'^
enemy. They were found in position at a village called
Bussulpore, on the opposite side of a deep nuUah (or
ravine), flanked on one side by a large village, and on
the other by some rising ground. Our heavy guns
opened on the enemy's left, while the horse artillery
guns, supported by the 60th Royal Bifles, advanced on
their front and opened fire. The cavalry protected our
left flank, and the main body of the 98rd and Ghoorkas
were held in reserve. One company of the 98rd, Captain
McBean's, was in support of the heavy guns.

The enemy opened a heavy fire with some six guns
(9- and 6-pounders), but with so bad an elevation thai
the shot passed over our heads without taking effect. On
the left of our advance were a number of cornfields, and
several large topes of trees ; from the latter a body of
rebel cavalry dressed in red, issued, threatening our
flank, . but a company of the 98rd in skirmishing order
gqt into the cornfields, approached the enemy's cavaky
unperceived, and opened fire on them, when they imme-
diately sought shelter in the wood, from which they were
quickly driven by our light guns.

The enemy soon after this began to fall back from
their position, upon which our horse artillery and cavalry
crossed the nullah, followed by the infantry, and the
pursuit was continued for some miles, but without our
being able to overtake them.

274 . HISTORICAL BECORDS OF THE

185& We had no casualties^ but a number of the enemy

^j^ . were killed, particularly where Captain McBean*8 com-

• Oiide. pany was engaged.

NomniKG. In the afternoon we encamped about five miles from
^^^^'^ the nullah, and next morning moved on to Nowrunga-
bad, a large village, or town, through which the enemy
had passed the night before. Unfortunately, our intelli-
gence was not good, otherwise they might have been
overtaken here, and their guns captured, for we after-
wards discovered that they had experienced difficulty in •
getting their guns and commissariat through.

While here encamped, the Royal Proclamation, trans-
ferring the government of India from the Honourable
East India Company to Her Majesty the Queen, was
read in EngUsh and Hindostanee, to the whole force,
assembled in review order.
Mareh We remained at Nowrungabad until the 8th of

^^^^^ November, when at midnight we got under arms and
commenced our march towards Mittowlie, a strong fort,
belonging to one of the rebel rajahs, who had refused to
surrender after Her Majesty^s proclamation had been
sent to him.

Soon after commencing our march. Brigadier Troup
received information that the enemy had strongly barri-
caded and obstructed the road leading direct to the fort,
along which they expected us to move, especially at a ford
of a small but deep stream which crossed the line of
march. At the same time a villager was found, who, for
a large bribe, offered to guide us by another route, lead-
ing to a bridge some eight or nine miles further up the
river, which bridge the enemy had neglected to seize or
destroy, and by which the man declared we might cross
unmolested.

This spy, or villager, marched in front with a bag full
of rupees, the amount of the bribe, tied round his neck.

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 275

but at the same time with a soldier on each side, who 1858.
had orders to shoot him if, on arrival at the bridge, the ^TI^
enemy should be fomid in possession. The man earned apoo Fort
and received his money, for after a march of nearly ^

eighteen miles, we arrived at the bridge, and crossed it
without opposition. Had the enemy been aware of our
intention of crossing here, and disputed the passage^
they might have caused very serious loss.

We bivouacked for the night in a large tope of trees
close to the bridge.

Next morning (the 9th) at daylight the force moved
in the direction of the fort. The native cavalry and the
horse artillery, supported by the 60th Boyal Rifles, in
skirmishing order, cautiously felt the way, for the
country was densely wooded. We had no information
and no guide, for the population was hostile, and we
knew not the moment we might find ourselves before
the fort, or whether the numerous small villages we
approached were garrisoned or not, or even if each village
as we neared it might not be the fort itself. Conse-
quently we opened fire upcfn every one, and the 60th
carefully explored every part of the ground before the
main body, consisting of the heavy guns, 98rd, and 66th
Ghoorkas passed. Thus feeling our way slowly, we con-
tinned to advance until one o*clock p.m., when suddenly
we were made aware of the proximity of the fort by the
enemy's guns opening fire upon us. *

Our guns, light and heavy, were immediately pushed Atteok on
to the front, and a brisk fire was kept up in reply to one if iUowli«.
equally brisk from the fort until evening. Our Mool-
tanee cavalry were spread out in every direction on our -
flanks and rear, the 60th were extended in skirmishing
order about the guns, and one company of the 98rd was
sent to watch an open plain to the left of the guns, while
the main body of the regiment, with the Ghoorkas,

I
I

i •

I ■

' 276 HISTORICAL EECOBDS OF THE

1858. protected the ammunition, and awaited the coarse of
A 47T events.

AtlMk on

Fort The fort, seen from our position, appeared to be

enclosed by high mud walls, with flanking bastions ; in-
side of the walls was a deep, dense, living bamboo fence,
and on neither the walls nor the fence had our heaviest
j shot the least effect.

t The shells, however, thrown from a couple of mortars,

evidently did considerable damage, for they were thrown
with precision into the interior of the fort, and were seen
to take effect on thd large central buildings. The side
on which we attacked was to the north, where there was
no entrance, the only gateway being on the south side,
the approach to which was through a village, and in
making our way through this we should probably have
lost many men — ^besides, by the path along which we
approached, it was impossible to get round to the south
side without being fired on. It was not made known why
we did not at once move round, in spite of the enemy^s
fire, to the gateway, and force our way in.

As darkness set in, preparations were made to bivouac
for the night, and resume the attack on the following morn-
ing. Strong pickets were placed in every direction, and a
cordon of Mooltanee videttes drawn around our bivouac.
At midnight the 9Srd were ordered to be in readiness'
j to storm the place.

Fort Before daylight the stormers and supports were all

^^tto* ready at their different posts, waiting for the signal to

enemy, attack, but an order was shortly sent to recall them, it

having been ascertained that the enemy had deserted

the fort.

[ It was found to be a place of great strength, which,

I with a determined garrison, might have resisted any

' attack. It was about a mile square, enclosed by a high

and very broad mud parapet, flanked with three bastions .

93bd sutheblavd highlakdebs. ' 277

on three sides, and by two on the south side where the Fon
entrance was. A ditch, thirty feet deep and forty feet lo.
wide, extended round three sides, the fourth side was j[^
screened and protected by the village, and by a densely-
wooded country. The gateway was in a deep recess, and
the approach to it strongly guarded, and embrasures and
loop-holes were so arranged, that a murderous cross fire
could have been kept up on an attacking force. Inside
of this was a second series of defences, on a smaller scale,
but with a ditch and a parapet equally formidable, and
with only one entrance. In the space between the outer
and inner fort, was the thick bamboo fence, upwards of
forty feet deep, perfectly impenetrable, and indestruc-
tible.* Within the inner fort were the Bajah*8 public
reception rooms, zenana, etc.

It is not supposed that the fort could have been
strongly. garrisoned, as appearances did not indicate that
such was the case.

The troops had biyouacked during the night within
half a mile of the place (our videttes and pickets being
of course closer), and had the enemy been in large '
numbers it was thought that their retreat could hardly
have passed off undetected by us.

Nothing was found within except several old guns,
and a quantity of grain and oil.

The column remained at MittowUe until the fort was
dismantled and rendered utterly useless ; then Brigadier
Troup, with the horse artillery and light guns, 60th Rifles,
right wing 93rd, head-quarters of the Ghoorka regiment,
and all the cavalry, except a troop of M ooltanee horse,
moved in a north-east direction towards the Gogra, while,
the remainder of the force> under Colonel Leith Hay,
marched on Seetapore, from whence in about three days .
they proceeded to rejoin the Brigadier.

' * Until it could be leisurely cut down.

V ^ V"^

278 ^ HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

FoBT The regiment was muted again at Biswah, early in

* December, for a few days, when the force was again

[^ separated into two columns, one wing of the 9Srd
accompanying each.

For some weeks Colonel Hay's part of the column
remained encamped at Tilhia (a spot half way between
two ghats on a branch of the river Gogra), and that
under Brigadier Troup went in pursuit of the enemy.

1859. lu January, the Brigadier was ordered to Mooltan,

and the command of the force devolved on Colonel Leith
Hay.

The rebels having retired beyond the Gogra, the 9Srd
received orders in February to march to Subathoo, a hill
station near Simla, there to be quartered.

Indian List of ofiScers and soldiers of the 9Srd Highlanders who

!^^' obtained the Victoria Cross for services during the

I Vktoria ludian mutiny, together with a statement in each

CroM. case of the act fot which the distinction was awarded.

Captain William George Drummond Stewart : —

For distinguished personal gallantry at Lucknow, on

the 16th of November, 1857, in leading an attack upon,

and captifring two guns, by which the position of the

mess-house was secured.

(Elected by the ofiScers of the regiment).

Lieutenant and Adjutant William McBean : —

For distinguished personal bravery in killing eleven
of the enemy with his own hand in the main breach of
the Begum Bagh, at Lucknow, on the 11th of March,
1858.

Sergeant J. Paton : —

For distinguished personal gallantry at Lucknow, on
the 16th of November, 1857, in proceeding alone round
the Shah Nujjif under an extremely heavy fire, discover-

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 279

18S9.

ing a breach on the opposite side, to which he afterwards ^^^
conducted the regiment, by which means that important
position was taken.

(Elected by the non-commissioned officers of the regi-
ment).

Lance-Corporal John Dmiley : —

For being the first man now suryiving of the regiment,
whoy on the 16th of Novemberi 1857, entered one of the
breaches in the Secondrabagh with Captain Burroughs,
whom he most gallantly supported against superior
numbers.

(Elected by the private soldiers of the regiment).

Priyate David McKay : —

For great personal gallantry in capturing an enemy*s

• colour after a most obstinate resistance, at the Secundra-

bagh, Lucknow, on the 16th of November, 1857. He

was severely wounded afterwards at the capture of the

Shah Niujif.

(Elected by the private soldiers of the regiment). .

Private Peter Grant : —

For great personal gallantry on the 16th of November,
1857, at the Secundrabagh, in lulling five of the enemy
(with one of their own swords) who were attempting to
follow Lieutenant-Colonel Ewart, when that officer was
carrying away a colour which he had captured.

(Elected by the private soldiers of the regiment). .

The above particulars were notified in the London
Gazette of the 24th of December, 1868. The following
appeared in that of the 8th of November, 1860.

Colour-Sergeant James Munro : —

For devoted gallantry at Secundrabagh, on the 16th
of November, 1857, in having promptly rushed to the
rescue of Captain Edward Welch, of the same corps, when

*-j:.-3e*a%

.'w^..O.'gjfca*M»'»wiiT »i Mftiwr

m* tkiCtmm ulit^m ^fr n i'*!, i^i n»d

280 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF TUB

Indian wooiided and in danger of his life, whom he carried to a
2^' place of comparative safety, to which place the sergeant
^*^* was brought in very shortly afterwards, badly woonded.

I Reoom- The claims of the following officers to the Victoria

"ttonT Cross are recorded as having been recommended in the
i VictoJu following terms.*

^ Cron.

Lieatenant-Colonel John Alexander Ewart : —

For gallant conduct in hieing amongst the first to
enter the Secundrabagh, and for engaging in hand-to-
hand combat with superior numbers of the enemy, and
for capturing a standard. He was wounded in so doing.

Captain Frederick William Burroughs : —

For individual gallantry in the Secundrabagh, and
being the first who entered one of the breaches, and en-
gaged in personal combat with greatly superior numbers
j of the enemy, in which he was wounded by a sword-cut,

on the 16th of November, 1857.

Lieutenant Bichard Augustus Cooper : —

For gallant conduct in being amongst the first to
enter the Secundrabagh, and for hotly attacking a
superior number of the enemy until severely wounded on
the head by a tulwar cut.

The number to receive the distinction of the Victoria
Cross for services at the relief of Lucknow, was limited
by order to one amongst the officers, who was to l>e
elected by the officers of the regiment.

* In the regimental official miinuBcript record.

'■-

KoTB.— Shortly after the Indian Mutiny, Grenadier and Light
Companiet were abolished throughout the army, numbers being sub-
stituted. The Grenadiers became No. 1, and the Light Company
Ka 10.

93rd 8UTHEBLAND mOHLANBEBa 281

SUBATHOO — RAWUL PINDEE — PESHAWUR — '

SEALEOTE.

Thb 93rd commenced its march towards Snbathoo onsnunoo.
the 20th of February, 18699 <^d arrived there in the ^^
middle of April.

While the regiment was stationed at Sabathoo, Lord
Clyde, our colonel, inspected ns, and addressed a few
words to the men on parade, in the coarse of which he
observed :-—'* I see from the accounts in the English
papers, everything looks like coming war, and for your
own sakes, and for England's sake, I only wish you were
at home. Napoleon had his chosen guard picked from
the proved soldiers of the line : men like yourselves who
have smelt powder, and you are the men they want in
England now. I am glad to see you all looking so well
and hearty. I am growing an old man now, but I think,
if occasion required, I could shoulder a firelock with the
best of you." He dined with the officers at mess that
evening, and after dinner, said a few words to them.
Speaking more particularly to the young officers, he re-
marked : '' It is not merely going in front of the men and
cheering them on, you must learn to keep them in their
places." And he added, ''You will, I know, forgive an .
old man who is going away from you, for speaking to
you thus ; but, for the sake of those noble fellows you
lead — ^read, read I "

We remained at Subathoo until the beginning of

i^tmmm^^a^^^mM

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282

1859.

OoTemor-
Oeiienl's

eaooart

I860.

Rawul

PlHDll.

HISTOBIOAL BEC0RD8 OF THE

Noyember, and then proceeded to Umballa for drill and
musketry instruction.

The regiment remained encamped at Umballa until
the 2l8t of January, 1860, when it joined the camp of
His Excellency the Governor-General, Lord Gazming, as
part of his escort in making a royal progress through
the north-west provinces and the Punjab. On arrival
at Lahore, orders were received for the 93rd to proceed
to Bawul Pindee, there to be stationed.

Leaving two companies at Jhelum; under Brevet-
Mqor Middleton, en route, we arrived at Bawul Pindee
on the 9th of March, 1860. This station is 1750 feet
above the level of the sea ; the soil and clinjiate are dry.
It is sixty miles east of the Indus, and twelve from the
base of the Western Himalayas, and was. considered
one of the healthiest stations in India. Her Majesty's
8ist Begiment, the 21st Bengal Native Infantry,* 8th
Irregular Cavalry, one troop and one battery of Bengal
Artillery, were quartered at Bawul Pindee at the time.

Lord Gyde being about to return to England, the
Sergeant-Major, on behalf of himself and the non-
commissioned officers and men, addressed him a farewell
letter, to which the following reply was received :

t€

Calcutta, June 3rd, 1860.

** Dbab Snt,

''I acknowledge with the greatest pleasure
your letter of the Srd of May, written with the sanction
of your commanding officer, on the part of yourself and
of the non-commissioned officers and private soldiers of
the 93rd Highlanders.

** It is a pride to me that my own regiment, with
which I have been so long associated in scenes of war,

* ThU regiment became the Itt N.I. on the re-adjuttmeot of the
nnmbert consequent on the Mutinj.

Be assured I shall not forget you while I eontinae ^^^^^^ {

93rd sutheblakd mOHLAKDEBa 283

and in hardships and fatigues innomerable, should not Rawvl
forget me at the last.

to live.

" I am now laying away my sword .from a weaiy
hand, while you are still active and ready for any duties
the State may call you to perform.

'' I shall watch you all with an attentive eye, and
shall always feel for your name and glory as if they were
my own.

'' Believe me to remain,

'' Tour faithful friend,
{Signed) ** GouN Oaxpbbll,

** Colonel, 98rd Highlanders."
** To Bergeant-Major Fullerton,
'' 98rd Highlanders.*'

The climate of Bawul Pindee in winter is cold, but
in the months of May, June and July the heat is intense,
the thermometer being frequently as high as 104* at
sunset. During its stay here the regiment was very
healthy, the only prevailing disease was fever. Many of
the young soldiers suffered from the debilitating effects
of the hot season^ but were restored to health and
strength by a short residence at Murree, a sanitarium
in the Himalayas, 7400 feet above the sea, and thirfy-sii
miles frx>m Bawul Pindee. The strength of the service
companies averaged 1061 ; decrease by invaliding,
thirty-four; discharge, forty-nine; and deaths, seventeen.

In October, 1861, a wing proceeded to Campbellpore, i^^
and the Jhelum detachment rejoined head-quarters.

The 9Srd left Bawul Pindee on the 14th of November,
and marched to Peshawur, where it arrived on the 22nd
of the same month, the Campbellpore detachment
rejoining.

worn.

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t^^^.. --*•- ^ ■■' "^ " h iMt n ii '

"* » ^ ^ nT^ l « ^ ^^■ » ^ ^ a l »<i [^ ^

284

WHS.

1862.

HISTORICAL BBOOBDS OF THB

The regiment was inspected on the Ist of April,
1862, by Major-General Sir Sydney Cotton, K.C.B.,
commanding the Peshawur division.

For a few months after our arrival nothing occurred
in the regiment or station calling for special notice.
The only source of excitement was found in the frequent
visits of the robbers from the neighbouring hills, by night.
They were in the habit of coming in when the nights
were dark for the purpose of trying to carry off the
men's rifles, bayonets, or accoutrements. In these
attempts they displayed great daring, and met with not
a little success. They came perfectly naked, had their
bodies carefully lubricated with oil, and were always
armed with a very formidable knife, which they did not
hesitate to use. Whilst going about the barracks they
frequently went on all fours, closely imitating the move-
ments of a dog. When once inside a room, * they pro-
ceeded so swiftly and silently that even when the alarm
was given, the robbers were gone long before any one
could stop them. The men for a considerable time
slept with their rifles in their beds, but even this did not
prevent many attempts being made to steal them.

With the exception of little incidents such as these,
all things went on very quietly. Both officers and men
enjoyed excellent health, and many began to believe that
the reputation which Peshawur had of being one of the
most unhealthy stations in India was not quite deserved.

This state of peace was rudely broken in upon. In
the month of May rumours began to circulate that cholera
had broken out in the Eohat district, some forty mfles
to the south of Peshawur, and fears were entertained
that it might spread in our direction.

In the beginning of June the pestilence reached the

* The Indian barrack-rooms have many doors, which are neces-
sarily kept open; at any rate, when the weather is at all warm.

■^^^.1 ■ i T » i i * > I' 11^ ■ i rti II i wi' i i r I iai»a»i»M<MUiaifc»Jld*^MJai<idMi<<wfc^rttoifc 'rT < l i Vfc » i<>MMii«i^^

93rd SUTHERLAND HTQHLANDER& 285

city of Peshawur, about two miles from cantonments, Pora-

and speedily assumed alarming dimensions. In the

beginning of July one or two cases of the disease appeared ^^^
in the 2l8t Hussars and Artillery, who with us, formed
the European garrison of Peshawur.

On the 7th of July the first case of cholera in the Gliol«rft
regiment was brought to hospital, happily it did not inthT*
prove to be fatal; however, others followed with less »•«*»«**•
favourable results. For ten days the disease steadily
progressed, and then ceased as suddenly as it had
commenced. Within this time fifteen cases of real
cholera had occurred, and twenty-two cases of choleraic
diarrhoBa.

Shortly after the commencement of this visitation, DetMh-
above two hundred men were sent on to Gherat, a camp- to Cheiit
ing ground in the Khuttack hills, thirty miles south-
east from Peshawur. This site is some three thousand
feet above the level of the valley, and enjoys a climate
many degrees cooler than the cantonments of Peshawur.
It was anticipated that weakly men would more rapidly
gather strength in that comparatively bracing climate
than in the plain. As this anticipation was happily
realized, the number of two hundred men was kept
up at Cher&t until the regiment left, the Peshawur
valley, men being sent down in detachments as they got
strong, and their places taken by those who required
bracing. In these changes elephants were the meana of
transit employed, no other being practicable in conse-
quence of the steepness and badness of the paths.

From the 17th to the 25th of July there was no fresh Seoond
case of cholera in the regiment. On the 26th of July it *^S^nk
again made its appearance, and was in active operation
till the 10th of August. During this period there were
twelve cases of genuine spasmodic cholera, and twenty*
nine cases of choleraic diarrhoea.

yM«M«tawaia«Hai*|

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^^» I ■■■fcii w

t.fc^a/'rraiari^

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286

HISTOBICAL BEOOBDS OF THE

1862.

Third
attaek.

Fourth
aiUek.

Head-

qaarton

quit

Peahawur.

On the occasion of this attack the regiment was moved
into camp on the regimental parade ground. This was
done in compliance with a general order to that effect.
The benefit derived from this movement was very ques-
tionable. The exposure in tents brought on a violent
accession of fever, by which hundreds were weakened
and so rendered less capable of withstanding at a subse-
quent period the shock of other acute diseases.

For a whole month there was no cholera, and hopes
were entertained that the worst was past. But. again
we were disappointed. It broke out a third time on the
9th of September and lasted for a week. Nine cases of
cholera occurred in that time, and three of choleraic
diarrhoea. On the occurrence of this attack the regi-
mental hospital was entirely vacated, and the whole of
the sick moved into camp.

From the 16th of September cholera disappeared, its
place being taken by a rather severe type of remittent
fever, which helped greatly to prostrate the regiment.

But the pestilence had not yet run its appointed
course among us. On the 12th of October it broke out
most unexpectedly for the fourth time. And this was
not only the most lengthened, but the most virulent of
all the attacks which we experienced. It lasted, indeed,
until we had fairly escaped from the precincts of the
Peshawur valley.

On the commencement of this last attack the regiment
was marched out of the station a distance of about seven
miles, to a place called Chumkunneh, the women and
children being left behind in charge of No. 4 company,
under command of Captain E. H. D. Macpherson. This
movement was made with a view partly of diverting
the men's minds, and partly with a hope that a change
of position might exert a beneficial influence on the
health of the corps, it having been found that the

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 287

cholera-laden atmospbere only extended over a limited
district at a time. In the new camp, cases multiplied
rapidly, and here occnrred the first case amongst the ^^^
officers. OffloOT

On the Slst of October, Major W. O. A. Middleton, bTohoi«nu
commanding the regiment, and Lieutenant Tabuteau ]2||^^
were both attacked. Lieutenant Tabuteau happily Middle-
recovered, but Major Middleton sank hopelessly under
the disease from the first, and died after a few hours
of great suffering. The head-quarters marched from
Chumkunneh to Ormoor on the same day, leaving No. 7
company, under Brevet-Miyor Burroughs and Lieutenant '
Burgoyne, at the former place as a protection to the
brigade of artillery assembled there for practice.*

Major Middleton*s remains were buried on the 22nd,
at Ormoor, and a pyramid with appropriate inscription
was subsequently erected by the officers to mark the
spot. His loss was felt to be a great one. He had
served in the 9Srd for sixteen years, and had done much
to promote its discipline and efficiency. It was notified
to the regiment by His Excellency the Commander-in-
Chief (Sir Hugh Bose), on hearing of Migor Middleton*8
death, ** that he considered him a great loss not only to
the 98rd, but to the service at large," and also that he
had strongly recommended him for promotion.

At Ormoor, which is about eleven miles from Peshawur,
there occurred the most fatal visitation of the disease
through which the regiment had yet passed. Seven men
were here buried in the one day of our stay, and a great
many were admitted into hospital. Here no less than
four officers were struck down by the disease in a very .

* The regiment left three deed at Chumkunneh, and theae were
buriod on the evening of the 2l8t^ by a party of their comrades, under
my superintendence, who dng their graves. I read the funeral service
over their remains.-* R. H. B.

'288 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THU

1808. severe form, whilst three or four more had it in a

£J^. modified degree. Of these, three eyentually died,

^^jj^ Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonald, who had suc-

doimid, ceeded Major Middleton in command, Ensign Drysdale,

Drjd^e and Assistant-Surgeon Hope.

Iio^^i Ensign Drysdale and Dr. Hope died on the morning
▼ictimB. of the 28rd, when the regiment was on the march from
Ormoor to Jaloozai, and Colonel Macdonald died at
Jaloozai on the 29th of October, after a long period of
severe suffering borne with wonderful spirit. The remains
of these officers were buried at Jaloozai (about nineteen
miles from Peshawur), and a pyramid with suitable
inscription was raised by their surviving brother officers
to mark the spot.
Brevet- Upon the seizure of Colonel Macdonald with the
Bnnoughs disease, Major Burroughs, the next senior officer, was
^^^l^"^' called from his company to take command, and imme-
diately proceeded to head-quarters.

On the 1st of November the regiment marched across
a low range of hills to a place called Jubba ; here three
cases of cholera occurred and three deaths. This was
distant five miles from Jaloozai.

On the 2nd of November the regiment marched a

distance of four miles to Jubba Mamoorie. Here one

case of cholera occurred and one death.

Last case On the 8rd, marched a distance of six miles to Euneh

c o era. j^^yj^ ^^^ encamped in the dry bed of a mountain

torrent. Here no fresh case of cholera occurred, but
one death. This was our last case of cholera.

It is only an act of justice to refer, however briefly,
to the admirable tone and bearing of the regiment during
all the troubles through which it passed. There was
everything to depress the men. They had seen comrade
after comrade taken by the ''pestilence which walked in
darkness " among them. The great majority of them were

93rd 8UTHEBLAND HIGHtANDISBa. 289

greatly weakened by long-continaed fevers. Searoely a leei
man but felt the workings of the cholera poison in his
system, its presence being indicated by constant nausea,
giddiness, difficulty of breathing, and cramps in the legs or
arms. Notwithstanding this, however, there was never
any approach to panic, no murmuring or shrinking from
duties the most trying and irksome. At one time the
same soldiers would be on hospital fatigue almost every
day, rubbing the cramped limbs of groaning and dying
men. Tet they never complained, never held back in
even a single instance so far as is known. So long as
their strength held out, they not only performed the
duties assigned to them willingly, but with a kindness,
tenderness and devotion, which can never be forgotten
by those who witnessed it.

It is right to place on record the distinguished

services rendered to the regiment by the surgeon. Dr. BMdioai
Munro, during this time, also by his assistant-surgeons, ^^^
Bourchier, Hope and Baxter, and their subordinates.

No man could have worked more faithfully than did DevoUtm

of Dr

Dr. Munro ; night and day *his thoughts were with the Mmunw
men, his zeal never flagged, his resources never failed,
• and he seemed never to think he had done enough.
Even when his own strength gave way, and he was
worked to a shadow, he still clung to his post. None
who were witnesses of his energy, skill, and deep love for
the men at that time, can ever cease to remember it.

Another thing in connection with this visitation of
cholera it may be proper here to mention. On its being
suggested that it would only be becoming in the regiment
to manifest their gratitude to Almighty God, for His Thuik
protection and deliverance in this time of danger, by
some deed of charity, the idea was at once acted on. A
sum of six hundred and seventy-four rupees was collected
amongst the officers and men. This was devoted to the

~ ■» -.MM

^" i '" * ■ ■■ ^1 • ■> « . T^ .. i, ,-,... ,.r,. », ■ -^.^ . ., > , , , ,, ^ ^

290 HI8T0BI0AL REOORDS OF THE

1862. following purposes : — ^relief of the distressed operatives
in Lancashire, Olasgow cotton spinners, mission par-
poses in India, and the orphans in the regiment.

On the 4th of Norember, the 9Srd marched from
Enneh Eheyl to Ameer, a distance of six miles. The
road led through the Euttuck hills by the Euneh Eheyl
pass. The march was a yery severe one in consequence
of the exceeding badness of the road. It possessed,
however, unusual interest from the fact that, according
to common opinion, we were treading in the footsteps of
Alexander the Oreat. This interest was heightened by
the testimony of those most competent to give an opinion
on such a subject, that from the days of Alexander to
our own, no other regular troops had ever penetrated
that pass.

In connection with this march, mentioli must be
made of a very thoughtful act of kindness rendered to us
by Brigadier Haly, C3., commanding the Peshawur
division. Finding that the march through the pass
would be long and trying, and that the cooks with their
camels would probably be late in reaching the camping
ground, Brigadier Haly went on in front and had soup
prepared for the whole regiment, so that the men had a
comfortable meal immediately on arrivaL And this was
but one of many similar acts of kindness throughout the
whole of our march from JaloozaL

After our exit from the Euneh Eheyl pass, we
reached the river Indus in two marches, and crossed it
at what is called the Neelaub feny, supposed to be a few
miles above the place where Alexander the Oreat crossed
with his army.

The order in which the passage of the river was ac-
complished was as follows. The bedding and tents were
unloaded on arrival at the bank and placed in the boats
at once, after which the camels embarked, and last of all

93rd SUTHERLAirD HIGHIiANDEBS. ' 291

ihe men. On reaoliing the ofpposite side of the river the ises.
baggage and tents were reloaded and moved off to eamp.
On the 10th of November the regiment reached
Gampbellpore. After being joined by the women and
children, and sufficient carriage procured, it marched on
the 4th of December to Hattee, on the Grand Trunk
road, where the detachments from Peshawur, Chum-
kunneh, and Cher&t were awaiting its arrivaL

The following ure extracts from a paper written for Dr.

this work by Dr Munro.* ' naimtivab

• • • • • .

'' At the time of the appearance of the disease, the
strength of the regiment in Peshawur was 23 officers,
948 men, 79 women, and 99 children, and the distribu-
tion of the companies as follows, — ^Nos. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10,
occupied the head-quarter or European infantry barracks,
Nos. 4 and 6 occupied buildings in the European cavalry
barracks, and No. 8 a building in the artillery barracks.

** During the period from the 7th of July to the 12th
of October there were four 'sudden outbreaks of cholera
in the regiment, viz. 7th July, 26th July, 9th September,
and 12th October ; and on each occasion the barrack or
building in which it appeared was vacated, and the men
occupying it encamped on the extensive and open parade
ground, and even the hospital was vacated and the sick
put into tents.

• • • • •

"From Jaloozai the regiment moved to a high
wooded plateau, and there after a severe electrical^storm
which swept across the valley the disease suddenly dis-
appeared as an epidemic ; a few cases only and at con-
siderable intervals occurring thereafter. It was followed,

* I have abridged this acooant only to avdd unneoessaiy repetition
of details already given. — R H. B.

< ■ ^^ >•> <

292 HISTORICAL BEOORDS OF THH

18G2. however, by a severe form of remittent fever, which in

jy^ tnm was succeeded bj intermittent fever, from which

Munro's almost every man in the regiment suffered then and

of the during the two following years of 186S-4.

^^J^^ ** On the 80th of October,whiIe encamped on the heights

above Jaloozai, the regiment received orders to march

out of the Peshawur valley by the Euneh Eheyl pass ; to

cross . the Indus at the Neelaub ferry, and from thence

to move to Cambellpore,. and to remain there until the

whole regiment should be brought together again.

'^Accordingly, on the Ist of November the head-
quarters moved from the above camp to Jubba ; thence
on the 2nd to Jubba Mamoorie ; thence on the Srd to
the Euneh Eheyl village ; thence on the 4th through the
Euneh Eheyl pass to Ameer, where there was a halt for
one day ; thence on the 6th to Shuhanjee, and thence
on the 7th to the west bank of the Indus.

**0n the following morning the regiment crossed the
Indus, one wing in the morning, the other in the evening;
and on the next day the sick and hospital establishment
crossed ; and on the 10th head-quarters with the hospital
arrived at Cambellpore, and remained encamped there
till the 4th of December.

'* When head-quarters moved out of cantonments on
the 16th of October, one company. No. 4, which had
escaped cholera altogether up to that datd was left be-
hind in Peshawur, encamped on the parade ground, as
a protection to the station, and to the women and chil-
dren, who also were left behind, as transport was not
available for their removal.

** Subsequently, however. No. 4 and the women and
children were moved out and encamped at Pubbee, four-
teen miles from Peshawur and on the road to Nowshera;
and there they remained until the 9th of November, when
they moved to Nowshera, crossed the Indus at Attock on

93BD 8X7THEBLAKD HIGHLANDER&

293

the 10th, and joined head-qoarten at Cambellpore on I8OL
the 11th of the month. . "T*

** On the morning of the 4th of December, head- MimnPe
quarters, with the families and hospital, moved from of the
Campbellpore to Huttee, where the different detachments ^^^^^
rejoined, and three days afterwards the whole regiment
marched en route for Sealkote, and arriyed at that station
on the 80th of December.

** The following table shows the number of cases of
cholera, and choleraic diarrhoea, which occurred in the
regiment. All may be considered cases of cholera, as
choleraic diarrhcea is now admitted to be cholera, though
in a mild form.

Admitted.

DiMhMltd.

DM.

Officers . . .
Men • • • •

Women . • .
Children. . .

202

141

•

4
61
18
16

Total . .

268

176

•

''During the time the regiment remained in the
Peshawur valley there were'l454 cases of clim&tic fever,
268 cases of cholera, and 209 cases of other climatic
diseases, making the enormous total of 1981 cases of
disease attributable to the insalubrious climatic influence
of the Peshawur valley, and in addition there were 784
cases, of illness, not directly attributable to the climate
of the valley.

" The total sick list, therefore, for one year amounted
to 2666 cases, in a strength, including oflScers, men,
women, and children, of 1149.

** Note. — ^The information contained in this paper is
taken from the reports and records in my possession.

" WiLLUX MUKBO,

'* Surgeon-General.
Formerly Burgeon 98rd Highlanders.**

294

HI8T0BIGAL BEC0BD8 OF THE

1862. On {he 8{h of December the regiment, once more

united, continued its maxch towards its destination.

The half-yearly inspection of the regiment took place
during our halt at Bawnl Pindee on the 11th and 12th of
December, the inspecting officer. Brigadier Haly, com-
manding the Peshawnr division, expressing himself as
exceedingly pleased with its state in every respect.

On the 80th of December the 93rd marched into Seal-
kote, its new station.

yj ' J^ «■ .\ n u. m

^" ' * ^ti^^t^ti^ammmmm^ n mtnim t ■■■■ i - r i n i ri i B fc l j rf fca^UMaiiifc

93ED SUTHEBLANB HIGHLANDBBa 295

EUSOFZAIE CAMPAIGN.

Thb regiment was destined to remain not long in re- isea
pose at Sealkote. Daring the summer of 1868 romoors Eoii^iini*
were rife of war threatening the British from the frontiers C^P^s>^
of Peshawnr.

A sect of Mussulman fanaticsy who had settled on the
slopes of the Mahabun HiU, on the northern bank of the
river Indus, where it emerges from the hills to the plains
of the Punjab, were found by the British Ooyemment to
be in communication with the disaffected throughout the
chief cities of Bengal. Treasonable correspondence was
intercepted, calling upon the Mussulmans of British
India to rise and throw off the British yoke, and inroads
were made by these fanatics of Mahabun, into British
territory.

To put a stop to this state of things a force was
equipped, and placed under the command of Brigadier-
General Sir Neville Chamberlain, E.C.B., with orders to
rout out this nest of hornets.

On the 18th of October, 1868, Sir Neville Chamber-
lain*s force, consisting of the following regiments and
batteries, assembled at camp Nowakilla, in the district of
Eusofzai. In all over 5000 men, consisting of: —

Half G. 19 Royal Artillery.
7l8t Highland Light Infantry.
lOlst Boyal Bengal Fudliers.
Pesbawur Mountain Battery.
Huzara Mountain Battery.

8rd Punjab Mountain Battery.
Guide Cavalry.
11th Bengal OaTalry.
Punjab Sappera and Minera
Guide Infantry.

296 HIStOBIOAL BEOORDS OF THB

1868. Irt pQBJab Infantry.
3rd ditto ditto.

6th ditto ditto.
14th ditto ditta

20th Vunjah Infantry.
32nd ditto ditto.

4th Ghoorkas.

6th Ghoorkas.

With this force Sir Neville Chamberlain ^tered
the monntains by the Umbeyla pass on the 19th of
October, with the intention of attacking the stronghold
of Mulkah oh the Mahabiin HiU in rear, and thus to
cat it off from commnnication with the neighbouring
hill tribes.

With this view a Proclamation of the intentions of
the force was forwarded to the Chumla and Boneyr
tribes.

These tribes, ever jealous of their mountain fast-
nesses, disregarded the Proclamation, disputed Sir
Neville Chamberlain's advance, and forced him to await
reinforcements, and to intrench his force at the northern
entrance of the Umbeyla pass. On this position they
were in daily collision with the enemy, and had some
hard fighting.'

The 93rd received orders to march and join Sir N.
Chamberlain's force.

They quitted Sealkote on the 8rd of November, 1868,
under command of Colonel Henry W. Stisted, G.B., the
strength being as follows : —

Field-officers, 8 ; captains, 6 ; lieutenants, 6 ; en-
signs, 8 ; sta£f, 6 ; sergeants, SO ; corporals, 25 ; drum-
mers, 20 ; privates, 497.

The women and children, sick and weakly men, were
left behind at Sealkote under the charge of Lieutenant
Macnamara and Assistant-Surgeon Jazdowski.

Invalids and time-expired men about to procecid to
Europe under Brevet-Major McBean, Y.C., and Lieu-
tenant Burgoyne, also remained behind.

93BD 8UTHSBLAND HI6HLANDEB8. 297

The regiment marched to Wuzeerabad, and thence iBn.
along the Grand Trunk Boad to Nowshera, in the yalley EoMfaie
of Peshawur. "^"""^

The country through which the 98rd marched, now
for the third time, is generally flat, and the scenery
tame. In places the land is richly cultivated, and
teems with crops of sugar cane, Indian com and bearded
wheat ; but in general the cultivation is sparse, and the
ground almost denuded of trees. Between Jhelum and
Ra:ntil Pindee the face of the entire countiy is wrinkled
with deep nullahs or ravines, and dried up rivers and
water courses. The rivers Chenab, Jhelum, and Indus
were crossed on bridges of boats, and the regiment
arrived at Nowshera on the 21st of November. As far
as Jhelum the view to the right was bounded in the
distance by the snow-c]ad hiUs of Cashmere, and after
passing Jhelum the salt range bounded the horizon on
the left, and the mountains of Huzara and Boneyr the
view to the right.

Captain Bond's and Captain Bell's companies, the
latter under Lieutenant Losack, had preceded tiie
regiment by a few days. At Attock, head-quarters over-
took Lieutenant Losack's company and left it in garrison
at the fort, which here commands the passage of the
Indus, and was a stronghold in the days of Alexander tiie
Great. On the opposite bank may yet be traced the
ruins of Aomos, another stronghold, the capture of
which we are told cost the Greek conqueror's army hard
fighting.

The Indus, on quitting the mountains at Torbeyla,
spreads itself into numerous channels, wide over the
plain. Hemmed in by the Kuttuck hills, it has forced
a channel for itself through the rocks between Attock
and Aomos (or Ehyrabad).

At Nowshera the regiment received orders to leave

298 HISTORICAL BE00BD8. OF THB

1862. all heavy baggage behind, and to start next morning in

Eiuof^ie light marching order for the front.

"^v^ After crosBiBg the Cabul riyer the march was over aa
extensive plain on tiie right bank of the Indus to Fort
Hoti-Murdan, the head-quarters of the Ouide Corps.
Here a convoy was met conducting the corpses of British
soldiers of the 71st Highland Light Infantry and 101st
regiments to a Christian place of burial. The 98rd
formed the funeral party, the service being performed
by the Bev. O. W. Cowie. The bodies were brought
thus far because our barbarous enemies were in the
habit of exhuming and mangling the remains of the
slain.

From Hoti-Murdan the regiment marched to Per-
mouli, in the Eusofzaie country, where it arrived on the
25th of November.

At Permouli there had been established a com-
missariat depot, and a field magazine, guarded by a
wing of the 51st King's Own Light Infantry, the 11th
Bengal Cavalry, two batteries of artillery, and the Sikh
Infantry, the whole under the command of Colonel
Probyn, Y.C., of the 11th Bengal Cavalry. On arrival
Colonel Stisted assumed command of the force.

The 93rd halted at PermouU until the 9th of
December, and then proceeded, under Major Burroughs^
to join the force encamped in the Umbeyla pass, now
commanded by Major-General Garvock, Sir Neville
Chamberlain having been disabled by a serious wound.

The regiment marched by the Sheredarah pass, half
a battery of artillery, and a long train of mules and
ponies loaded with ammunition, being under its escort.
One company of the 101st Bengal Fusiliers formed the
rear guard. Major Dawson, 93rd, the senior officer by
brevet rank, assumed command of these troops.

The way through the Sheredarah pass, as in most

93BD 8UTHEBLAND HI6HLAKDKB& 299

mountain passes hereabouts, commences upon a track isea
along the dry stony bed of a mountain torrent, confined Biinteia
between high, steep and rocky mountains. This track <^^P*^s^
had been made passable for beasts of burden by the
Punjab Sappers, but hardly in any place admitted of
more than one passing at a time. It had poured with
rain on tiie 8th, and the rain continued in showers
throughout tiie march.

■

The guns and gun carriages dismantled, were loaded
on elephants, commissariat stores were packed on
camels, and the baggage of the force was loaded on
mules and ponies.* A company of the 98rd formed tiie
advance guard, then the regiment, then the elephants
with the guns, etc., then the convoy of ammunition,
then the baggage, protected by a baggage guard, and
lastly a company of the 101st as tiie rear guard, the
whole marching in single file. The rain pouring in-
cessantly washed down earth, rocks and stones from the
heights above, which blocked up the path, and terribly
impeded the camels and elephants, necessitating fre-
quent halts to enable the baggage to keep up with the
column. The flanks were protected by the . armed
retainers of friendly Ehans, a wild and picturesque but
very motley throng, armed with shield, tulwar and
matchlock. They were nicknamed by the men ** Catch
'em alive ohs I " from the fact of their never killing any
of the enemy.

After repeated halts, the head of the column entered
the camp in the Umbeyla pass at about 4 p.m.

The 98rd had been ordered to march without tents. Uvbvtiia
On arrival in camp it was found that there were no tents

* TheallowADoe was: —

For eacb field officer • • • 1 mule.

Two company pffioen • * • . ditto.

SeTenmen • • • • ditto.

800 HI6T0BICAL BEOOBBS OF THB

1868. for the regiment ; the companies were therefore distributed
£ii»^ie amongst the tents of the 71st Highland Light Infemtiy,
^^^P**?"- and lOlst Bengal Fusiliers, by whom all were most
hospitably received.

The baggage having been impeded on its march by
the rain, the state of the roads, and from the loads of the
animals being almost doubled by being saturated with
rain, the officer of the rear guard, through a misconcep-
tion of his duty, passed the baggage, and came into camp
without it, leaving the baggage guard alone to protect
it. As night closed in the enemy fired upon the baggage,
and by firing and shouting succeeded in frightening the
animals into the surrounding brushwood. As there was
only one native driver to every seven mules, and only
three men per company as baggage guard, it was found
impossible in the darkness to keep the mules together.
Part of the baggage became thus dispersed and re-
mained so all night. During the night the baggage
of two officers and fifty men was partly plundered by the
enemy.

On the 12th of December tents from Permouli arrived
for the 98rd.

The camp was situated amongst crags and dells and
hollows, on the slope of the hills bounding the pass on
the eastward. It overlooked both the pass and the
Chumla valley. The hillocks and crags around the
position were the posts of the upper crag, lower crag,
eagle's nest, and water pickets.

On the 16th of December, General Oarvock advanced
with half his force against the enemy, leaving the other
half to guard his camp. The 93rd was one of the British
regiments left behind to guard the camp. After 'General
Garvock's advance the enemy attacked the camp, but
were beaten o£f with a very trifling loss on the side of the
British.

93rd SUTHERLAin) HIGHLAKDKHS. 301

General Garrock having routed the enemy and burnt 186S.
the village of Umbeyla, the Boneyr and Ghnmla tribes sii^rf^a
sued for and obtained peace. A force was sent to, and ^^•■np^Uca-
destroyed the stronghold of Mnlkah on the Mahabon
mountain.

On the 20th of December, the regiment returned
through the Sheredarah pass to Nowakilla, and arrived
there the same day, when Colonel Stisted resumed
command.

On the 28rd of December, the regiment received
orders to proceed to Durbund, a fort and village in
the territory of the British feudatory, the Khan of
Umb.

The march was in a north-easterly direction, along
the foot of the hills, through the fertile country of
Eusofzaie. The people of Eusofzaie claim descent from
the Jews, and say they are descended from Joseph, the
son of Israel ; the validity of their claim was, however,
disputed by the learned missionary, the Reverend J.
Lowenthal, whose own forefathers were Jews.

The Eusofzaies are a stalwart, stout-limbed race.
Dressed in their dark-blue flowing robes, and bright-
bordered turbans and shawls, and armed with shield,
tulwar, and matchlock, they present a picturesque and
rather martial appearance.

The march of troops through their country appeared
hardly to attract their attention or surprise, but when
the regimental bagpipers struck up a tune, every man,
woman and child within hearing flocked to listen.

The 93rd crossed the Indus by a bridge of boats
near Topi, on Christmas day. The river at this time of •
the year is very narrow here ; it was now found to be
only about two hundred yards broad. Its dry, sandy, as
well as rocky and stony bed' is, however, about two miles
wide, and is hemmed in by high hills. The halt this

302 HI8T0RI0AL RECORDS OF THE

1868. day was at Torbdai on the left bank of the Indus, and
Eiiso^e the officers ate their Christmas dinner in a roo7Ji of the
<^I^- poUce fort, which was decked out with evergreens for the
occasion.

The regiment marched hence in one day to Durbnnd ;
the track skirted the left bank of the Indus, which is
here hemmed in on both sides by precipitous hills. At
Durbund the 98rd relieved a wing of the 51st King's
Own Light Infantry. The following troops were also
encamped here, viz. a half battery of artillery, a troop
of the 10th Bengal Cavalry, and a wing of the 24th
Punjab Infantry. Colonel Stisted assumed command of
the force.
18&L We remained encamped at Durbund until the end of

January, 1864, when, the neighbourhood being pro-
nounced perfectly quiet, orders were received to march
back to Sealkote.

The march was commenced on the 1st of February,
1864, and was along mountain tracks to Hurreepore,
where Captain Bond's and Lieutenant Losack's com-
panies, which had been encamped at Abbottabad, rejoined
head-quarters.

The regiment halted here until the 10th of February,
when the march was resumed. The Grand Trunk Boad
was entered at Eala-ke-Serai ; Bawul Pindee was
reached on the Idth, and Sealkote re-entered on the
27th of February.

The only casualty in the 98rd, in this campaign, was
one man wounded by a bullet, when on the crag picket at
the camp, Umbeyla pass. Considerable experience was,
however, gained in mountain warfare.*

* An interesting paper on this campugn, by Major Fosbcry, Y.CL,
Her Majesty*! Bengal Staff Corps, Is contidned in Ko. 47, Yolame XI.,
of the ** Journal of the Roya] United Serrioe Institution.*

93bd suthkblakd highulndees.

303

The undermentioned officers received tiie medal for ism.

uuB campaign, wiia ciosp loi

r umoeyui: —

Eiuoteia

• —

PMnpalgn,

Major F. W. Bnrrougbt.

Lieatenant R W. T. Gordon.

^ EL 8. F. G. Dftwaon.

» KBoaae.

OipUin R. & WUliamt.

Eniign W. Copland.

ly E. H. D. MacphenraL

» J.OMnpbdL

„' A. a Nightingiae.

M A.Gaeelee.

„ M. W. Hyslop.

Qoarter-Maater H. Mableod.

„ W. G. Alexander.

Adjutant F. Ifacphereon.

Lieutenant K 0. Haynei.

„ G. Greig.

G. Forbea-Bobertaon.

B. J. Jaadowakl

.-:--ci'j: fn^ ^'.■i'J

304 HISTOBICAL RECORDS Or THB

SEALKOTE—JHANSI— VOYAGE HOME.

8BAUC0TI. A DRAFT from Scotland, consisting of thirty-three men,
iwL tu^doi^ command of Lieutenant Donlop Say, joined tiie

regiment on the 13th of March, 1864.
Lieni. Golonel Henry William Stisted, G.B., was promoted
S^^^. to the rank of Major-General on the 10th of Angost,
^^' Major Burroughs succeeding to the Lieutenant-Colonelcy.
One wing of the 93rd, under command oi Lieutenant-
Colonel Burroughs, with 1 captain, 6 subalterns, and
1 staff; 13 sergeants, 19 corporals, 19 drummers, and
401 privates, was ordered to proceed to Lahore on the
10th of October, for the purpose of being present as a
Guard of Honour during the Durbar and reception of
native princes by Sir John Lawrence, E.G.B., recently
appointed Viceroy and Governor-General of India. It
returned to Sealkote on the 27th of October-

The regiment was inspected at Sealkote on the 22nd
of December, by Major-General A. T. Cunnyngham, C.B.,
who took farewell of it on his quitting command of the
Lahore division and returning to England.
1865. A draft from Scotland, consisting of Ensigns Selby-

Lowndes and J. A. MacT^car, and seventeen men, joined
head-quarters on the 11th of January, 1866.

No. 1 company, made up to four, sergeants, three
corporals, two drummers, and eighty men, under com-
mand of Lieutenant Fullarton, accompanied by Ensign
Gaselee, marched from Sealkote on the 6th of February

93bD SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 805

to occupy quarters at Fort GoTindghur, UmritBCiry reliey- 8salkot&
ing a company of the 94th. It remained there, until lees^
relieved by a detachment of the 82nd| and rejoined head-
quarters on the 14th of October.

In the month of May the depdt, under Brevet-Major Bepflt
McBean, was moved from Aberdeen to Stirling. to Stirling.

Four companies, under Major J. M. Brown (serving
with the local rank of Lieutenant-Colonel), marched to
Ferozepore on the 17th of October, to relieve the 1st
battalion 7th Boyal Fusiliers, pending tiie arrival of
the 97th.

A draft from Scotland, under Captain Samuel
Edward Wood and Ensign W. B. McKechnie, consisting
of one sergeant, one corporal, and one hundred privates,
joined head-quarters on the 27th of December.

In April, 1866, Lieutenant-Colonel Brown*s detach- iMe.
ment returned from Ferozepore, detaching a company
en route to garrison Fort Govindgurh, Umritzur, under
Captain S. E. Wood.

In June, the depdt returned to Aberdeen from Stirling Depdl

Cn.Mtk letOTMio

^j^BUe. ^ AbeideMi.

The 93rd having received orders to proceed in course Head-
of relief to Jhansi, Central India, quitted Sealkote on manhfor
the morning of Thursday, 1st November, 1866. The ^^^^^^
strength on marching out was 20 oflScers, 82 sergeants,
24 corporals, 21 drummers, 588 privates, 52 women and
98 children.

On the 19th of November, the Sutlej was crossed
by a bridge of boats, and the regiment quitted the
Punjab, after having been stationed in it since I860.

On the 8rd of December, the regiment reached
Eumaul, and here some of the men did good service in
extinguishing a fire and preventing it from spreading in
the European station. No. 1287 Corporal James Einnear
particularly distinguished himself on this occasion, and

306 HISTORICAL BBOOBDS OF THE

1866. was severely burnt. His conduct was brought to the
notice of the Commander-in-Chief.

Delhi was reached on the 10th of December. Here
there was a halt of four days, the camp being on the old
cantonment parade-ground, some two miles south-west
of the city. Notwithstanding the severe siege undergone
by Delhi in 1867, its walls were still in excellent pre-
servation, and capable of resisting another. These walls,
however picturesque in appearance, are surely not
desirable either in a military point of view for ourselves,
or in a sanitary one for the inhabitants.

Quitting Delhi on the 17th, the march was continued
through a countiy teeming with game to Agra, which was
reached on the 29th of December. Here the regiment
was inspected by Brigadier-General Mulcaster on the 31st.

1867. On the 2nd of January, 1867> the march was resumed,
and on the 9th, camp was pitched some two miles south-
west of the fort at Gwalior, and during the halt at this
place the regiment was inspected by Brigadier-General
H. Tombs, C.B., Y.C., commanding the district.

Jha>8l After a march of 616 miles, the 93rd arrived at Jhansi
on the 18th of January, and moved into barracks there
upon the departure of the 104th regiment on the 21st. .

A detachment, consisting of 1 field officer, 8 captains,
4 subalterns, 1 staff, and 150 non-commissioned officers
and men, marched to Sepree on the 12th of March, to
occupy quarters during the hot season, and returned to
Jhansi on the 81st of October. The officers were Major
Williams, Captains Bell, Bond and Tabuteau, Lieutenants
Lloyd and John Campbell, Ensigns McEechnie and P.
D. Trotter.
Pfomoiion At this time the regiment experienced a great
Hunro. ^OBB on the promotion of Surgeon-Major William
Munro, M.D., C.B., to be a Deputy Inspector-General
of Hospitals, which had been gazetted on the 9th of

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 807

March, 1867. Dr. Monro had been surgeon of the Jbaikl
93rd smce 1864, when he joined the regiment whilst isa?.
on its march in the Crimea from Old Fort to
the Biver Alma. He was present with them throughout
the Crimean and Indian Mutiny wars, and during
the cholera epidemics at Balaclava in 1854, and
at Peshawur in 1862. By his zeal, ability, and heroic
devotion to his duty. Dr. Munro had endeared himself
to every oflScer, non-commissioned officer, and soldier of
the regiment, by all of whom, whilst they rejoiced at
his well-earned promotion, his departure from the regi-
ment was sincerely deplored. On the eve of his de-
parture he was entertained by the officers at a farewell
dinner. In returning thanks after his health had been
proposed, he expressed the wish that he might ever be
permitted to consider himself an honorary member of
the officers* mess. His request was acceded to with
acclamation, and a minute to that e£fect was entered in
thie records of the mess.

The regiment lost two officers by death at Sepree,
Captain John Bond and Ensign W. B. McEechnie.

Lieutenant-Colonel C. H. Gordon, C.B., commanding Gnud of
the Highland Depdt Battalion at Aberdeen, received, fromfha
on the 14th of October^ telegraphic instructions to de- ^£|^^
spatch a Guard of Honour to Abergeldie Castle, near ^^41f *
Balmoral, without delay. The guard was furnished by
the depot of the 98rd, and the men having been selected,
they left by train the same afternoon for Ballater, and
marched thence to Abergeldie, a distance of about six
miles. Quarters had been prepared for the officers and
men in the castle.

On the morning following their arrival, the guard
was present at the unveiling of a statue to the late
Prince Consort. The day being the anniversary of Her
Majesty's engagement to the Prince.

f i ft ai fc' i>M»*«»iiiMMl«ii rf i rfi MM inflMih dhJMiii rtfcl 11 I I ■. ■ .^i.. I IB. ,■■ «.-t,^^^ T.. >■ . — ^ ■■- . . . ... ^ „ - jtni JLJ

808 HISTOBIGAL BECOBDS OF THB

1887. The gaard was inspected by Her Majesty on the 29th

of October, at a few minntes* notice, when she also
visited the rooms occupied by the men. Upon this
occasion the Queen made special and careful inquiry
regarding the texture of the tartan worn by the soldiers,
when finding that it was hard, and that after a march
in wind and rain the men's knees were much scratched
and cut by the sharp edge of the kilt, Her Majesty was
graciously pleased to direct that soft instead of hard
tartan should be supplied to Highland regiments.

The ofScers on duty with this Guard of Honour were
Captain M. W. Hyslop, Lieutenant B. H. Burgoyne, and
Ensign B. J. G. Campbell. After a stay of about three
weeks at Abergeldie, the detachment rejoined the battalion
at Aberdeen.

1868. In August, 1868, the 98rd received a letter of readi-

jBjmL ^^^ ^ march to Poonah, in the Bombay Presidency,
there to be stationed. This order was subsequently
countermanded on account of a famine raging throughout
Central India, and parts of the country through which
it would have been necessary to march.

General Alexander Fisher Macintosh, E.H., died on
. the 28th of August, and was succeeded in the Coloneloy-
of the regiment by Lieutenant-General Charles Crawfurd
Hay.

A draft from Scotland, under command of Captain
Forbes-Bobertson, with Lieutenant B. H. Burgoyne
(serving with local rank of captain), and Ensign R J.
C. Campbell, joined head-quarters on the 80th of No-
vember. It consisted of 2 sergeants, 2 corporals and
109 privates, accompanied by 18 women and 9 children.
This draft had quitted Aberdeen on the 17th of January,
1868, by rail, and reached London the following morning,
proceeding immediately to Portsmouth by another line,
arriving there in the afternoon, when they were marched

■ » T -1^ i 1 -"K-ff ..j*.*, . .^ »■ , m m rum . %. ».». «- 1 ■■■■■Mrnini fciii>i^a,n>^%>wi' * i<>ii^> §,\mumii>^tmmt^km)KU%l^mt atrm' itmiHUlVtiam

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 309

to the Anglesea Barracks, occupied by the 97th regiment, 1868.
by whom they were hospitably received. On the SOth of
January, embarked on board Her Majesty's Indian
troopship Crocodile^ commanded by Captain George
WDles Watson, R.N., • which left Portsmouth the fol-
lowing afternoon for Queenstown. A heavy gale and
thick weather coming on, the ship put in to Torbay
during the night, resumed her voyage in the morning,
and reached Queenstown on the evening of the 24th«
Here the 92nd Gordon Highlanders embarked for their
tour of service in India on the 26th, and the ship went
on her voyage, the same afternoon. Touching at Malta
on the way, Alexandria was reached on the 8th of
February, and on the following day the troops disem-
barked, and left by train for Suez at about 4.80 p.m.,
arriving there in twelve hours. Coffee was found ready
for all, on leaving the train, after which they were taken
in different parties by small steamers to* the Malabar,
another of the Indian troopships, commanded by Captain
Bich, B.N. The arrangements of both ships being exactly
the same, the officers proceeded to occupy the cabins
corresponding to those they had been in, on board the
Crocodile. The ship stopped at Aden to coal, and
arrived at Bombay on the 26th of February. Here the
drafts of the 7th Boyal Fusiliers and 98rd were tran-
shipped on the 27th to the hulk Ajdaha, moored in the
harbour, where they remained about a fortnight, the
men being landed occasionally for exercise. They were
at last transferred to a small coasting steamer called the
Mala, and proceeded in her towards Calcutta vid Ceylon,
that island being reached on the 17th of March. Soon
after leaving Ceylon, Ensign Campbell was attacked
with small-pox, in consequence of which the officers had
to vacate their cabins and live on deck in order to avoid

* Kuw Admiral Superintendent of Chatham dockyard.

iM t na

r-r-r - -— - ■' ■ ■ ' * "^ i -ni .^ ■■ • ■ r i T , P - ^m^MC i»u >. >.«■ *. ^. >>^>w

810 HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THE

1868. the risk of infection. In due time the Mida arrived
opposite Calcutta, and all were looking forward gladly to
the prospect of leaving her, and were watching with
interest the approach of a little river steamer and a flat-
bottomed boat, which were to have taken the drafts up
the Hooghly, when by some mischance the Mula ran
into the flat, and she had only time to reach the bank
before sinking. This necessitated another night on
board the coasting steamer. The following day, how-,
ever, the 7th and 98rd drafts proceeded to Dum Dum,
and remained quartered there until the 28rd of June,
when they were removed to Barrackpore. Here they
were left until early in November, when the 98rd were
sent by rail to Gawnpore, halting on the way at Sahib-
gunge, Dinapore, and Allahabad, where there was ac-
commodation prepared for the men to pass the nights.
From Gawnpore the draft marched to Jhansi, arriving
on the date already named.
]gg9^ Ensign John Thompson Scott, a promising young

officer, died at Jhansi on the 1st of May, 1869.

A letter of readiness to proceed home during the
ensuing cold season, dated head-quarters, Simla, 12th of
May, 1869, was received.

The summer of this year was the hottest experienced
within the memory of living men, at JhansL There had
been hardly any rain during the preceding rainy season,
and the drought had occasioned a famine throughout
Bundelcund. Emaciated and weakened by hunger, the
natives of the country died in great numbers, and during
the month of June it was a frequent occurrence to hear
of six or eight, and more, having fallen down, dead from
sunstroke on the roads in and about cantdnmepts. It
was reported that 40,000 head of cattle died of hunger
in this district.

The troops during the great heat were generally

Jhaxsl

»^^Mmm

rtrti > !■■>■

•a^MMMMM

'tt/'^iiikmtmmm^^mm

rawiwi

93rd 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLAKDEB&

healthy, the per eentage of sick in hospital amongst the
men during May being 21-07, and in June 28*26. This
may be accoonted for by the nse of '* Eos-Eos tatties/*
or screens of sweet scented grass, affixed to all apertores
to windward, and kept constantly watered throoghoot the
day, thos tempering the homing hot wind, which swept
over the face of the coontry like a blast issoing from
a fiery fdmaoe, withering op all with which it came
in contact.

The losses of the regiment daring the year op to the
80th of Jane were: — 1 officer, 1 sergeant, 18 priyates,
4 women, 22 children.

Cholera broke oot in the cantonments of Jhansi on
the 7th of Aogost, the first attacked being the chaplain
of the station, the Bey. Mr. Hine, and private George
Boroggie, of the band of the 98rd, liying at extreme
opposite ends of the station. Both died after a few boors
of intense sofPering.

The cholera only showed itself in B, F and H com-
panies, at regimental head-qoarters, and amoiigst the
band, drommers and pipers, all of whom were marched
oot to some three miles from the station and encamped,
their barracks being thorooghly fomigated and white-^
washed doring their absence, which extended to three
weeks.

The losses by cholera were : —

At regimental head-qoarters, 8 deaths oot of 67 cases
attacked.

Detachment at Sepree, 8 cases, all of which proved
fatal.

During the latter part of September, and throoghoot
the month of October, the regiment was prostrated by a
fever, which prevailed throoghoot the greater part of
opper India, which fever, althoogh not deadly, was very
weakening. On the 20th of October 50 per cent, of the

311

JBAnt.
ISOSl

}

• ft

812 HISTOBICAL RECORDS OF THB

jHAim. soldiers at regimental head-quarters were on the siok
1809. list

Brigadier-General Yaaghan, G.B., commanding the
Gwalior district, arrived at Jhansi on his half-yearly tour
of inspection in October, on which occasion the following
numbers only could be paraded in the ranks: — Field-
officers, 8; captains, 2; lieutenants, 8 ; ensigns, 0; staff,
2; sergeants, 15; corporals, 8; drummers, 14; privates,
167.

On the subject of this inspection, the following letter
} was received : —

I
I

" Morar, Gwalior, 2nd Noyember, 1869.

''Sib,

'' I have, the honour, by desire of Brigadier-
General Vaughan, C.B., commanding the Gwalior district,
to inform you for communication to the 98rd Sutherland
Highlanders under your command, that the confidential
report of his inspection of the regiment, 28th to 80th of
October current, will be most favourable to you, and to
the regiment generally.

''2. The Brigadier-General regrets that the regi-
ment is suffering at present so severely from the sick-
ness incidental to the season, but confidently hopes
that long before the time arrives for it to embark for
England, it will have resumed its customary healthy
condition.

** 8. A few trifling mistakes were made in the course
of the morning's parade, but the Brigadier-General is
sure that you will not have failed to note them, without
his pointing them out.

"i. The Brigadier-General regrets on his own ac-
count the approaching departure of so distinguished
and admirable a regiment as the 98rd from his com-

m^m*

Mi*MMHHiaA«MMAtoHBMMflM^i»rfh««^^rilMBftflMMBi«M

93bd butheblaxd highlandrb& 813 !

mandy and that he haa now inspected it for the laat Jhaxm.

time. ^ 18601

'* I have the honour to he, sir,

** Tonr most obedient servant,
(Signed) ** k. B. Morgan, Captain,

V Brigade-Mf^or.*'
" The Officer commanding

98rd Satherland Highlanders.

f» :

On the occasion of the regiment returning to Great
Britain, 10 sergeants, 6 corporals, and 102 privates
volunteered to other regiments in order to continue
serving in India.

On the 27th of December, 1869, at 6 a.m., the regi- Themareli
ment, numbering 21 officers, and 449 non-commissioned wmidi.
officers and men, quitted Jhansi and commenced its
return journey to Britain. The first march was to Barra-
gong, a distance of about nine miles.

The number of tents required on this march was 64.
The carriage for the transport of these, of the baggage,
hospital, and the soldiers' wives and families, amounted
to 847 camels and 109 carts, each drawn by two
bullocks.

On the carts conveying the soldiers* wives and families,
a broad bedstead was affixed, and over the bedstead a
framework of bamboo and matting in the shape of a
house. In these houses travelled the soldiers' wives and
children, escorted by their fathers marching alongside
and on foot.

The length of the line of march along the road, from
advance to rear guard, extended to about four miles.

Each day's march commenced at dawn. The camp«
ing ground was usually reached at about 8 or 9 a.m.,
the married people and the company cooks having pre-
ceded the column the day before. As soon as the camels

^ I'lr^^r •^'V'lif^'ir -iinnlfin iiiMr 1-- f f T^T'^^n r 1,1^ -'-fiftr 'i*irlWi'iii^'' — 'ft-n-^-' ' ''ii [ r ^ if-—'' r^ r-*- ■ rrinr - •-'n

814

HISTORICAL RE0ORD8 OF THE

Jhanil arrived in camp they were unladen^ the tents quickly
is^. pitched, and breakfast was ready for the men. The
bleak and nsnally silent camping ground soon presented
all the animation and bustle of a canvas town. A certain
number of officers and men not on duty daily scoured
the neighbouring jungles and plains for game, and added
very considerably to the larders of their various messes
by bringing home antelopes, gazelles, partridges, pea-
cocks, sand grouse, and hares.

On leaving Jhansi, almost the whole of the European
population of the station came to see the regiment off,
and several of the ladies and gentlemen accompanied
it to the end of the first day's march, and, after lunching
at the officers* mess, bid them good-bye and Ood speed.
1870. The regiment reached Cawnpore, vid Orai and Calpee,

on the 12th of January, 1870, having marched daily,
excepting Sundays, since leaving Jhansi.

At Cawnpore the regiment was encamped opposite
the railway station, and, to the great disappointment o£
all, orders were received for the journey to be continued
by railway in wings on the following morning. This
arrangement prevented the scenes of the trials and the
victories of 1857 being visited, for all the time at
Cawnpore was taken up in handing the tents and camp
equipage over to the Commissariat Department, and
by the officers also in selling off their horses, carriages,
furniture, etc.

Here also the regiment was inspected by Brigadier-
General Forrest, who took advantage of the occasion to
present medals for long service and good conduct to two
of the non-commissioned officers.

At 9 p.m., on the 18th of January, the rijpht wing
started by raiil for Allahabad, and arrived there the next
morning at 4 o'clock. The left wing followed the next
night. At Allahabad the troops were sheltered during

"ir._j 1- '-'■ ' - '- — ^^'^—^^'-^^ j.-^3....^^.^^-^.-«.r*i,>^^^

93rd SUTHERLAND HiaHLAKDBRS. 315

the daj in a temporary camp in the fort, and were engaged 1870.
during the whole of their stay there in handing over all
their arms and accoutrementa (excepting 10 per cent.)
into the arsenal.

At 5 p.m., on the 14th and 15th, the regiment left
AUahabad (in wings) by railway for Jubbnlpore, arriving
there at about 7 o'clock the following mornings.

The regiment was encamped at Jubbnlpore on a sandy
desert plain to the north of the station, and was delayed
here until the 27th of January before all were dear of the
station. The railway from Jubbulpore to Nagpore not
being finished, this portion of the journey had to be per-
formed by bullock train, which consisted of some thirty
covered carts, each holding one officer, or one family, or
four single men. Each cart was drawn by two bullocks,
and the bullocks were changed about every six miles of the
journey. These trains started at 4 p.m. daily, travelled
all night, and arrived every morning at about S, at rest
camps or huts along the road, in which each detachment
remained all day, and continued its journey thence by
night.

The country thus traversed by an excellent road was
all around, for the most part, a dense and impenetrable
jungle, alive with game from leverets to tigers. One
of the detachments was delayed for a short time on the
road by a tiger crossing its path during the night of the
24th of January. The officers of the party fired at the
animal, but it escaped into the jungle.

By the end of January the regiment had all arrived
at Nagpore. Some ten miles from Nagpore our old
friends the 79th Cameron Highlanders were quarteredj
and from them now as ever we received the greatest
kindness and good will. Whilst here it was decided at a
mess meeting of the officers to make our brother officers
of the 79th, perpetual honorary members of the 98rd

1 - T " I'^TJir^y --^ •^'"-jf i "— , 11 Mi tfMi ii ' ■ i n* ii imft H i^i ••' ^ij.'''^ _** -^^^.u^l,- . ,^ .. i-, — >^ *•■ ■•' ' , ip -^^^ » ■ ^ •

316 HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THE

1870. mess, and they paid us the same compliment. The
following correspondence on the subject passed between
the two corps : —

" At a meeting held at Gamp Nagpore by the
ofScers 98rd Sutherland Highlanders, on the 80th of
January, 1870, it was proposed, and carried unanimously^
that a letter be written to the officers of the 79th Cameron
Highlanders, proposing that in consideration of the
friendship and cordiality which has so long existed
between them, the officers of the two corps be perpetual
honorary members of their respective messes, and that
the same should be formally recorded in the regimental
records.

*' In accordance with the above resolution, the
officers of the 98rd Sutherland Highlanders have much
pleasure in informing the officers 79th Cameron High-
landers/ that they are henceforth perpetual honorary
members of the 98rd mess, and that a formal entry to
this effect has been made in the records of the 98rd
Highlanders.

(Signed) ** B. S. Willums, Major,
'* President Mess Committee

'' 98rd Sutherland Highlanders.
*' Camp Deolalee,

" 6th February, 1870."

The following reply was received : —

** At a mess meeting held at Eamptee, India, on the
12th of February, 1870, a letter was read from the
officers of the 98rd Sutherland Highlanders, dated Camp
Deolalee, 6th of February, 1870, and the proposition
contained in it, to the effect that, * in consideration of
the friendship and cordiality which has so long ekisted
between the two corps, the officers should be perpetual
honorary members of their respective messes/ was

.^ «. * i,rt,nr«_i — ■' I lit i>'|- r It ' — .,— »-^^^>-. ■ „■.— ^ -,>■«.>. w...^T ■j^.c^ «'.^ ._^... j^gpw,^,-^^ ^ ^

93rd SUTHERLAin) HIGHLANDEBS. 317

accepted aa a high compliment to the 79th Highlanders 1870l
and carried onanimoasly. The officers of the 79th
Cameron Highlanders have therefore the pleasure of
informing the officers of the 98rd Sutherland High«
landers, that they are henceforth perpetual honorary
members of the 79th mess, and that the above resolution
has been duly entered in the records of the regiment.
{8\gnt£^ ** A. B. Murray, Lieutenant,

" P.M.C. 79th Highlanders/'
'' Eamptee, India, 10th March, 1870/*

After resting a day or two at Nagpore, the regiment Dbolalb.
continued its journey by rail, and in two nights arrived
at Deolalee, the great depdt for all troops arriving from
England, or leaving India via Bombay. There is
accommodation here in permanent barracks of stone,
and in temporary erections of iron and wood, and in
tents, for five thousand men, and here may be seen
congregated, representatives of almost every British
regiment in India.

Deolalee, although possessing few attractions in itself,
is situated in a very interesting part of India, and is
within reach of some of the most remarkable subterranean
temples and caves in the world, the best known of which
are the caves of Elephanta, three in number. They are
all hewn out of the solid rock, the roofs being sup-
ported by pillars similarly excavated. In the recesses
of these caves are colossal graven images of heathen
gods and goddesses, the principal of which is a three-
headed deity, its t^ee faces representing the Creator,
the Preserver, the Destroyer. An ever accompanying
ornament of these deities is the serpent, which may
everywhere be traced, entwined around and about them.
These temples, with their pillars and images, have been
sadly ill-used. It is said that the Portuguese, when they

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318

HISTOBIGAL BEC0BD8 OF THH

1870. first settled in Bombay, brought cannon to bear upon the
chief cave of Elephanta and destroyed many of its
pillars and images. The work of devastation whilst we
were at Bombay was being continued by a party of
young midshipmen and mates of the merchant navy^
who were picknicking in the great cave, and after their
repast amused themselves by firing ball at the images,
the carving of which, notwithstanding centuries of ill-
usage, is still full of life and genius.

The regiment was detained some ten days at Deolalee.

On the 14th of February it was moved by rail across the

western Ghats, a range of hills across which the railway

is carried in zig-zags up and down, over a height of

2000 feet. The scenery of river, plains, woods and

strange shaped mountains along this route, is veiy fine.

On board About 7 p.m., the regiment with baggage, etc., was

troopship safely, embarked on board Her Majesty's Indian troop

Jmmna, gj|£p Jumna, Captain Pickard, B.N., commanding. The

19th Hussars, and a detachment of the 102nd (Boyal

Madras Fusiliers), were also on board. The 98rd

mustered 22 officers, 520 non-commissioned officers

and men, 49 women, and 98 children. At 1 p.m. on the

15th the Jumna steamed out of Bombay harbour.

Aden was reached on the 28rd of February, and on
the 8rd of March the troops disembarked at Suez, and
proceeded by rail to Alexandria in two divisions. The
98rd arrived at Alexandria at about 6 o'clock on the
morning of the 4th, and after a short rest and some
refreshment at the railway station were conveyed in the
tug Hasty to Her Majesty's troop ship Himalaya^ com-
manded by Captain Piers, B.N. Owing to insufficiency of
accommodation. Major Williams, Dr. Jazdowski, Lieu-
tenants MaicVicar and B. Campbell were left l>ehind at
Alexandria, together with four officers of the 19th
jiussars, to follow in another ship for England.

ji # t Jii* r •- • iT-*— ^ -^ir' '-' >-..i^^ .^^•— ..j>^^.^^. ■> ♦.rg^,g:^«.-^'^»»>j^'t>-«^^:^.^-*.

93BD SirrHEBLAND HIGHLANDERS. 319

After touching at Malta and Gibraltar the Himalaya 1870.
arrived in Portsmouth harbour on the 2lBt of March. ""^
Loud and hearty were the cheers of all on board at
finding themselyes once more in Old England. The
98rd received orders to proceed in the Himalaya to Leith,
and thence to be distributed in detachments between
Aberdeen, Perth and Stirling. On the 28rd, at Dover,
the 19th Hussars and detachment of the 102nd were
disembarked; at 4 p.m. the Himalaya continued her
voyage, and at about 5 p.m. on the 25th of March,
anchored off Leith in a snow storm.

On Sunday, the 26th, there were many visitors from
the shore, relatives and friends of those on board, and
many former non-commiBsioned officers and soIdierB of
the regiment.

:-iTMfci.t, . «,-«^ ■ . ..,..-)j|.j^ p^|.. , .v ^ . .^.■.^^..

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"^^"*«i**

•,*j. .frd -iae-jy^ji

■■ill

320 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

1850. Boutes marched by the 98rd m India from the conclusion

of the campaign against the Mutineers.

of march.

1859
Feb. 20

Kaiaet of itagaa.

Hilos. For.

n
n

22
23
24
25

Tilliali to Pancbpera

Ghat .
Surwah Ghat

Lnckinpore
Hargaon
Seetapore
Halt .

26 Mahowlie

n 27
n 28

March 1

M
If

n
n

2
3

4
5
6

n
n

8
9

Kowrungabad

.Pusgaon •
Shajehanpora

Halt
Halt •

Tilbur .

FuttebsttDge

Furreedpore

Bareilly

Halt
Halt .

Halt . .
Futtehgunge
MeerguDse •
Kumora Dhumora

DUUooe^

9
6

11
15
12

14
11

11
18

11
10
10

1
2
3

Right wing started at 7 a.m*
Crossed^ two rivers; d^
tained some time at first
river on account of an
elephant refusing to take
the water. At last he
was taken across by three
other elephants. Joined
head-quarters of regi-
ment»
Forded two rivers.

Military station.

On account of severe thun-
der-stojm last night tents
did not dry till late in the
day.

One of our battle-fields of
last year. Chnrch ser-
vice in the afternoon.

Forded a river. Another
battle-field.

Officers dined with 82nd.
Very severe thunder-
storm at night. Military
station.

82nd officers dined with us.

Still delayed by bad
weather.

Church parade in the even-
ing.

Regiment asked to dinner
by wing of 42Dd.

42nd head-quarters came
in from the jungle and
dined with us.

Dined with the 42nd.

,.i^<i.*.»** U * II *i

•«»*MMa4

M««Jri»tfaMikwM*MdMv«*k»*iM««iii

ilMHK)M

93rd SUTHERLAND HIQHLANDERS.

321

Da»

•

rah.

H.M of ■!■€>■.

DteUnoM.

Bcmaita.

of OM)

MUM.

Fw.

1859

•

March 14

Quneflh Ghat .

Bajah of Rampora gave a

natch, and sent ns a din«

ner.

••

Moradabad .

...

Military tUtion.

Bc^unpora

—

wrong road.

Moradabad .

—

Again.

f§ .

PointM •

...

Antroah

.«

Large towiu

Halt

...

Sucday.

Nowgowa •

Sao.

—

•

DarranugeerKUDga

—

ffl

Bijnoar .

GiTil station.

Rowlee Ghat

Groeaed the Ganges.

Bokerheree

Halt .

...

Sunday.

Mozuffemugger

a?il sUtion.

Deoband

Nagul .

Seharanpora

—

GiTilsUtton.

April

Sirsawah •

•

Jagadree

Grossed the river Jumna
by bridge of boats.

Halt .

.-.

...

Sunday.

Ghnppar
Moulana .

—

••

Umballa .

Military sUtion. Offioers
dined with 27th (Inni»-

kiliing) re^ment.

Halt ...

—

Lalroo

Mobarikporo .

Chundcegurh

...

Kalka .

—

Foot of the hills.

.12

Halt .

~—

Three companies went on.

Dhurumpore .

— .

UphilL

Subathoo •

From Umballa

•

TO Bawul Pindee.

1860

Jan.

From Umballa to

Mognl-ki-8erai .

Ughaua •

Halt . . .

.«

Bara •

1859.

1860.

I/.'

322

HISTOBICAL RECORDS OF THE

1860.

; p

Dal^

DlfUaoM.

•^■i*^

Itk.

NamctofiUgM.

SMBTLBrka.

of ma

MllM.

For.

mtmUmUtmMm

1860

Jan.

Halt . . .

^^^

Khuoa-ki-Serai •

Dowraha.

•

Halt . • .

PhiUotur .

Cross Satlej river.

Phngwara

Feb.

Jullundar •

Eartarpora

Oiiana.

Cross Bejn river*

Reya •

..«.

Cross Beas river.

Jundiala

Amritsar.

Halt .

Halt . • .

.i^

Ghurenda .

Devipooia

•

Lahora •

•

U
16

[Halt . . .

—

•

Shadera :

Cross Ravee.

Mooreedkee «

Kamookee •

Goojranwalla .

Ghukur

Wuzeerabad •

f»

Halt . . •

On account of rain.

26
26

JHalt . . .

—

Goojeiat

Cross Chenab.

Halt . . .

Lalamoon •

March 1

Kharian .

Jhelom

Cross river Jbelam hj
bridge of boats.

Halt

■^~

■~~

Detachment left at Jhe-
lom.

Deenab

Lahawor «

G<x>jarkhaii .

Mundra .

Rewat .

Rawiil Pindee .

Cross Soban river.

>. «■ «JM«aMM|Mk«hM«^MMW^

haiiMi»>a»i«M>«ri

^h 1 i> ■ >.

93rd SUTHERLAND HIOHLAITOERS,

823

From Bawul Pindbe to Peshawub.

1861.

Dilt

NanMoriUfM.

DigUaoM.

BcHMta.

of aumh.

IflUt.

Vw,

1861

Nov, 14

From Rftwnl Pindae

to Janika Sung •

•

w 15

Hussun Abdal .

!! 16

SyduQ Sha Bowlee .

>• 17

Halt .

—

:: Id

Kbyrabad

(Attock.) Crotilndiii.

« i»

Akom •

!! 20

MowBhera

« 21

Taroo • • •

: 22

Peshawur

8 For locatioiu

Fbom Peshawub

TO Sealkote.

1862 Fiom PmImwut to

■

CbamkuniMh and

Jaloozai

Not. 1

From Jaloozai to

Jnbba •

'^-

•

« 2

Sbiftins camp •
EunlkiUe •

—

„ «

—

•

» *

Ameer •

^m^

» 6

Halt .

—

» «

Sbubaojee
Jirbby Mundooree

•8

« ^

—

„ 8

Crossing river Indus

■—

—

.. 9

Halt

—

„ 10

Campbellpore

—

« 11

•

Halt . • .

-:-

~^~

Deo. 8

„ *

Huttee

—

•

„ 6
„ «

: 5

Halt •

—

•
•

Hussun Abdal •

,. 9

Janika Bung •

,, 10

RawulPindee* •

186SL

* For stages from bere to Wuzeerabad see preceding page. From
Wuzcerabad the stages were : — ^To Samurbyall^ 13 miles 4 furkmgi,
thence to Sealkote, 13 miles 6 furlongs.

li/

fc ' -. x^h .g Uo i fc 1 ii» r > II n i u i .- ^u.,^.

-*.*.,

rV 1 ■ ■ ! ■ l it»M » !■»>'

«;i l^. .M-^"^.:;^ ijuw< -IX-

324

•

HISTOBIOAL

RECORDS OF THB

1866.

From Sbalkots to Jhansl

Did

.^ -

rch.

NametoftUgM.

DbUncM.

ItAiMavlpa

of ma

Miles.

Fur.

ACHHirsm

1866

•

Not.

Bbuddian*

^^^

Pusroor

ThuUeh .

Halt . . .

Ryca

■

»f

Ujuala.

Rajasansee

Amritsar

One oompaQy joined here

Halt . . .

from (ioYiad^urh.

Jnndiala

Halt . . .

Reja .

38th regiment passed «»
route to Sealkote.

Girana .

Eurtarnore .
Jullunaur

...

Met the 6l8t Light In-

^ 4&

■ ^M

fantry.'

Fhugwara •
PhiUour . . .

Halt . . .

Ludhiana

Crossed the Satlej.

Douraha

21 Khana-ki-Serai .|

Bara .

Ugbana .

Mogul-ki-Serai .

Halt . .

>»

Umballa .

}Halt . .

—

Exchanging carta.

Sbababad

•

9»

Peeplee

•

Deo.

ButUna .

Halt . •

Kurnaul . .

Halt .

Ghnrounda

•

Iff

Paneeput .
Lomalka.

»l

Lunonlee .

Halt . . .

Raoe .

M
M

11
12

Alipore •

Delhi . . .

10
11

—

•

Halt . . .

—

« ■ M*«^ W

i X w»i i«i

U**^.. ■*.»>i>.a>rf..*<i«* .fc^wii fc*ti jiW*riifi^Klan'i.Tii\^'f«tf fwH'*iiT«fcTi^iii,

93rd 8UTHEBLAKD HIQaLAKDEB&

DltUaeaa.

•

<f aank.

£i80B^B OT BHR^^Hv

MIlM.

For.

1866

Dm. 14

„ 16

Hilt .

..•

•M

„ 16

•

„ 17

Gbazeeoodinnuggur

« 18

D»dree •

- 19

SecnndralMid

„ 20

Chola •

- l^

Khooija . .

—

« 22

Somna •

„ 2a

Halt . • .

..i.

— .

« 24

AUygnrh

„ 26

SiifiDee.

« 26

HfttrsM •

« 27

SvdaUd .
KhundowlM •

» 28

Agra •

—

» 80
« 61

JHalt . . .

—

Exchanged carta.

1867

Jan. 1

Halt . . .

...

....

« 2

Tehra •

•

„ «

Halt . . .

—

Owing to lain.

„ *

MuDiMea.'

» S

Dholpoor •

•

» 6

Halt . . .

•—

...

» I

HiDgona

— .-

» 8

Noorabad

» »

Gwalior •

...

« 10

Halt . . «

— .

..•

.. 11

Eota-ki-S«nd

..•

» 12

Antraa •

« 13

Halt . . .

...

» 1*

Dubbra .

•

„ 16

Oprai . . •

„ 16

DuUia .

..•

« 17

Ambaba

• « 18

Jhansi •

•

325

1808.

1887.

The above rontei (except the first, which I already had) were
kindly supplied by the ^Juarter-Master-General in India.

8m Appendix a R. H. a

, -^mm i^hi^hX,

' IB St mi "fc "• *i *M*iii iji

** > -irf.- •ft.

».

'iLm^'<mJjtiSSi*t,V»iyt)^»A'l00lltW9'itVt r.^ .

326

HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THK

• •

SCOTLAND— ENGLAND— IRELAND.

1870. On Monday, the 28{h of March, 1870, at 9 a.m., four

The companies of the regiment under Colonel Dawson, and

UDdsln^ three companies under Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Brown,

Sootland. disembarked at Burntisland and proceeded at once by

rail, the former to Stirling Castle, the latter to Perth,

there to be quartered. About 1 p.m., the head-quarters

and three companies under Colonel Buriroughs, quitted

the Himalaya^ when the yards were manned and the

soldiers and sailors bid each other farewell in loud cheers.

On landing, the head-quarters went at once by rail

to Aberdeen and arrived there at about 9 p.m. The

inhabitants of Aberdeen accorded them an enthu-

siastic reception ; the railway station and the streets all

the way to the barracks were crowded, every window

appeared to be occupied, flags were flying, and garlands

were stretched across the streets. Slowly and with

difficulty progress was made through the dense mass of

people, cheering all the way, and welcoming the return

of the 93rd after an absence from Britain of nearly

thirteen years.*

Tn August, the regiment furnished a company as a
Guard of Honour to Her Majesty during her stay at
Balmoral.

* Detailed Accounts of the landing of the regiment in Scotland,
and of its tirrival in Aberdeen, appeared in the following newspapen :—
Aberdeen Herald^ 2nd and 16th of April, 1870; Aberdeen Free /Vest,
25th and 29th of March, 1870; Aberdeen J<mmal^ 30th of March, 1870.

f
I

I I I 1 1 11 I f I iii«iMi*HKf*r<r rt niM I ri i Tif' i Viiii «**tfriTi nni- i 'fc' anM>iiiiai

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDER& 327

1970. l\

In September, No. 2492 Sergeant-Major John Motion
was discharged to pension after an honourable^ and |

faithfdl service of twenty-one years, during which he i

had taken part in all the campaigns and battles that
the regiment had been engaged in daring that time.
No. 761 Colour-Sergeant John Brebber was promoted to
be sergeant-major in his place.

In November, Snider breech-loading rifles, pattern II.,
were served out to the regiment in exchange for those
received on arrival at Aberdeen and marked, pattern IIL

On the 11th of May, 1871, the head-quarters of the istl
98rd and the depdts of the 78th and 92nd Highlanders
were inspected at Aberdeen by Major-Oeneral Sir John
Douglas, K.G.B., commanding in Scotland, who appeared
to be pleased.

In May, 1871, the depdts of the 71st and 72nd High-
landers, stationed at Fort George, were afBliated to the
9Srd, making i^ all four depdts attached to the regiment.

On the 16th of June, the head-quarters and depdts ebiii.
proceeded, under command of Colonel Traill Burroughs,
by rail to Edinburgh, to be quartered at the castle. It
rained all day, but crowds of spectators assembled both
at Aberdeen, and at Edinburgh, to see the regiment.

While head-quarters were at Edinburgh the distri-
bution of the companies was as follows :—

B Company, CftpUdn Gordon Alexander
C ' „ t* £• H. D. Macphenon

E >f M ILW. Hyslop f At Regimental

F M Lieutenant W. F. Fullarton t Head-quartert.

G H Bt.-Lt-CoL W. McBean, Y.a
H „ Captain 8. K Wood
Am f> •^•0. Nightingale, at Aberdeen.

Dm m a. O. Tabutean, at Greenlaw.

I „ n E* G. Haynes, at Ballater, on Guard of

•" Honour during Her Majesty's stay at

BalmoraL
K „ „ Q, Forbet-Robertson, at Fort George.

r**#**^ i i liiij m^iiwifcTiiftt 'wril t ^^'t t i n fH i f »■ I 'iit i f i ^ *'- r ■'-■^^"V- ->-<V • ' ■ ^■•^-•'t i ^*'** ^-S''^*^*-***?- ^'•■^'''^•^r'^ t- *■>-'—'

328 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

Eonr- On the 26th of July, sixty volunteers from the

regiment were drafted into the Army Beserve. They

1S71. ^Q^Q ^^^ ^f ^^j. i^gg i}^gj^ three years* service and of

good character.
?w«n*ft- On the 4th of August, new colours were presented to
ooiooxs to the 93rd by Her Grace the Duchess of Sutherland.
menthj ^^ following account of the ceremony is for the
^®'^^'*°® most part from the Edinburgh Evening Courant, of

Duchess of AugUSt 6th, 1871.
Suthor.

land. The 93rd, headed by their band, marched down from

the castle to the Queen's park shortly before twelve
o'clock, by which time a very large number of spectators
had assembled. A number of officers formerly belonging
to the regiment were present, among whom were Sir
Henry Stisted, E.C.B., Colonel E. S. F. 6. Dawson,
Lieutenant Boase, Lieutenant Campbell of Eilberry,
Lieutenant Lloyd (now of the 60th), Captain E. S.
Wood, etc.

Shortly after 12 o'clock the Duke and Duchess of
Sutherland, and the Marquis of Stafford, accompanied
by Mrs. Burroughs, drove up (the Dilke and Lord
Stafford in the uniform of the Sutherland Highland
Volunteers). The ducal party drove round the line,
after which the carriage was halted in front of the
regiment, and the old colours were ''trooped," being
carried along the ranks by Captains E. H. D. Mac-
pherson and Alexander, all worn and tattered as they
had been by the service in Lidia. While this ceremony
was taking place, the band played appropriate airs,
concluding with '' Auld lang syne " and- " God save
the Queen." The regiment, along with a company of
the Sutherland Highland jVolunteers, who had been
brought by the duke from Dunrobin to receive the old
colours, then formed into three sides of a square, when
the duke and duchess with their party advanced to a

Ill I •^l'^^~ "r»iiriliBhiwifii i^hi i'a i imiT fi i aii^ihl 'imiMtitkm' I'l nn i1

•r

93BD 6UTHEBLAND HIGHLANDERS. 829

pile of drums in the centre. After prayers by the Emv.

chaplains (the Bev. J. Miller, chaplain of Edinburgh^ ^

and the Bev. Hugh Drennan, who had been for fifteen ^^^ !!

years chaplain of the 98rd Highlanders), two ensigns ]

advanced (Ensign Cunliffe and Ensign Hannay) and {

kneeling down were presented by the duchess with the i

new colours. The Queen's colour, being the Union Jack ;

having '^XCIII." surmounted by a crown embroidered (

upon it ; and the regimental colour of yellow silk,

embroidered with the names of the following places

where the regiment had distinguished itself: — ''Cape

of Good Hope," " Alma,*' " Balaclava," " Sevastopol,"

** Lucknow."

After having presented the colours, Her Grace the
Duchess of Sutherland said : — ^* Colonel Burroughs,
officers, non-commissioned officers, and men of the
Sutherland Highlanders, I feel it a great honour and
pleasure to be here to-day to present you with new
colours. They will accompany the regiment in the
same glorious path of honour and duty as those you
have carried and looked up to for so many years. They
have been your rallying point in every quarter of the
globe: — At the Cape of Good Hope in 1806, at New
Orleans in 1814, in the Crimea in 1864, and in India
during the Mutiny in 1857. You have ever borne your-
selves nobly as part of the glorious Highland Brigade
of which every Highlander must be proud. I am the
more glad to have been asked to undertake this duty,
because I can now do so in spite of old strifes, long
since healed. I now belong to Sutherland, and love
it and its people, but I do not forget my own brave
ancestors, who were ranged on the opposite side to
Sutherland in council and in fight. We are now united
by the common tie of devotion and loyalty to the same
sovereign ; and I, the descendant of a rival clan, pray

-s^ivwBav

If g--'> i iirnlirh ii ' n-' ii r i r-i-vr i v Vf--'-^--— -— ^- '*'^ fci I J h a n- r irt'* * "M '. ■■ m i iw nr i h t r*" "- J i"^'* n. w > i t mm H f r^ -nr* t-^rf- ' i ■"- —

187L

330 HISTORICAL BECORDS OF THE

Ediv- from my heart for a blessing on the colours of this
Sutherland regiment/'

Colonel Burroughs in reply said : ** In the name of
the officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers of
the 93rd Sutherland Highlanders, I beg to thank your
Grace for the honour you have this day done us, your
Grace's regiment, in presenting these new colours. This
is the fourth occasion on which new colours have been
presented to the regiment since it was first raised in
1800, by the then Duchess-Countess of Sutherland. In
1834 new colours were presented by the great Duke
of Wellington. In 1857, after the return of the regi-
ment to Britain from the Crimean war, the old colours
we have this day bid farewell to, were presented by His
Boyal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, in whose
division the regiment had the honour of serving during
that war. Those colours, now so war worn and tattered,
were our rallying point in the Indian Mutiny war. We
offer them for your Grace's acceptance, and hope that
you will accord to them an asylum at Dunrobin Castle
where the regiment was first mustered. On former
occasions of presentations of colours, it is recorded that
the officers then in command promised and vowed in the
name of the regiment that it would do its duty to its
King, its Queen and country. The pages of history are
witness how faithfully those vows have been kept. In
accepting these new colours at your Grace's hands, I call
upon the officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers
of the 93rd Sutherland Highlanders to bear in mind that
they were presented by Her Grace the Duchess of
Sutherland, and I call upon the regiment to vow with me
that we will defend them to the last ; that we .will ever
faithfully do our duty to our Queen and country ; that
we will never permit the good name of the Sutherland
regiment to be sullied, and remembering that the Suther-

^-^***"~^^^**'^'^*^^^-r^'^~^— ^''■''""'■-^*--^ ..^-■-.-■* — ^^ — - .^ ^^.^-.^ . ..^. ■ . ,.»^. - ^ -■ it>i in w— ifc<^ai

93BD SXTTHEBLAXD HIGHLANDE1t& 331 t

land motto is ' Sans Peur/ that it will ever be our Boni- I

BUB0B*

endeavour that our conduct on all occasions shall be — .[

• Sans Reproche/ •' ^^^ i

The Duchess of Sutherland answered: — ** It is with t

great pride and gratification that I receive these colours j

from you, but I beg to return to you the Queen's colour,
that it may be placed over the memorial which has been
erected in St. Giles's Gathedral, to those officers and men
who fell in the Crimea." .

The Duke's party then withdrew to the point where
they originally arrived, and the Duchess having entered
her carriage, the regitnent marched past in companies
with the new colours flying. The Duke of Sutherland and
party then drove off amid loud cheers, and the men were
marched back to the castle.

The officers at two o'clock entertained the Duke
and Duchess of Sutherland, and a party of ladies and
gentlemen, numbering between three and four hundred, .
at luncheon in the picture gallery of Holyrood. The
scene was a very brilliant one. Colonel Burroughs
presided. After luncheon, in proposing the Queen's
health Colonel Burroughs said, *' My Lord Duke, your
Grace, ladies and gentlemen, — ^In rising to propose the
health of Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen, I beg
in the name of the officers of the 93rd Sutherland
Highlanders to record our gratitude to Her Majesty
for having permitted us, at the intercession of Her Grace
the Duchess of Sutherland, to assemble here on this
occasion in her royal palace of Holyrood" (great
applause).

In proposing the health of His Royal Highness the
Prince of Wales, Colonel Burroughs said, ''I beg es-
pecially, on this occasion, to propose the Prince's health
as Colonel of the Sutherland Volunteers, and with the
Duke of Sutherland's permission, I call upon Major

-^ 1^ jri"*~ "-'v'^i . t ti ir- t 1.

332 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE

BTJBOH.

1871.

Emn^ Eraser, of the Sutherland Highlanders (Volunteers), to
reply to the toast " (great applause).

Major Fraser replied in an eloquent and instruotiye
speech, and concluded amid rounds of applause.

The toasts concluded with the health of the Duke
and Duchess of Sutherland, which was drunk with full
Highland honours.

His Grace in reply alluded to the connection which
existed between the 93rd and Sutherlandshire, and
expressed the pleasure with which he received the gift
of their historical colours, and the pride with which he
should view them in the hall at Dunrobin. It had,
however, been thought right to dispose of one of the
colours in the manner indicated by the Duchess on
the field.

The tables were then cleared away and reel dancing
commenced. It is said that no dancing had taken place
at Holyrood Palace since the days of bonnie Prince
Charlie, some even say that none had taken place since
the days of King Charles 11.

Shortly after the dancing had been fairly established,
the Duke and Duchess drove to the castle, and visited
the non-commissioned officers and soldiers, and their
wives and families seated at tables loaded with good
cheer, in celebration of the great regimental event that
had just taken place.

The Duke and Duchess were received with rounds of
hurrahs by every company they visited, and left the
castle apparently much pleased with their visit to the
regiment raised by their ancestors, and still bearing their

name.*

* Accounts- of tbo presentation of colours appeared in tBe following
London newspapers, The Timei of the 7th of August, JOaHy Ntum
of the 6th, and in the Illustrated London Ketvt of the 12th cif August^
in which the event was pictorially rcjuresented. The Edinburgh Evening

^« , ^a** . . _ I T ^j >firi , r* _ J JLi , ■r^Nu I jii f ' ' in liiifriiiiif Mil II nrfiimiJir ''i n ■>■ nn !•>■ ■ <■ n ii 'i i

03rd SUTHERLAND HIGHliAin>ER& 333

On the 8th of Augost, Sergeant-Major Brebber and Emv- {

the sergeants of the regiment gave a ball in the Masonie ^^^
Hall, George Street, Edinburgh, to celebrate the occasion ^^^
of the presentation of colonrs. Some 250 persons were
present, and it was a great success.

In September, the depots of the Tlst and 72nd
Highlanders were separated from the 98rd and affiliated
to the 91st Highlanders.

A company, under Captain Nightingale, which had
been left behind on the departure of the regiment from
Aberdeen, was ordered to move to Dundee, there to be
quartered.

In November, a detachment of one lieutenant and
twenty non-commissioned officers and men was sent to
Blackness Castle, Linlithgowshire, as a guard to the
powder stored there.

On the 28th of November, the detachment at Ballater

(Her Majesty's Guard of Honour), was removed on the '

Queen's departure from Balmoral, and ordered to join

the company at Dundee.

Agreeably to orders received, the depot of the 78th

_ -^ •

Highlanders left Edinburgh on the 2l8t of December and

proceeded to Belfast, to join the head-quarters of their

regiment on its return from Canada.

It having been put to the vote of the officers whether 197%

the old Queen's colour of the regiment should be placed

in St. Giles's Cathedral or sent to Dunrobin Castle, they

decided, by twenty-five for Dunrobin against eleven for

St. Giles's, that it should be sent to remain side by side

with the old regimental colour, which it had ever accom-

C<4irant, Scottman^ aod Dail^ J^evieur, all of the 5th of August, each
oootained deacriptiont.

Kotc. — The grade of Ensign was abolished in the British army, by
Boyal warrant dated 30th October, 1871, and officers appointed to
regiments as sub-lieutenanta.

n ,N !*<<» t^-a tmtm.

334 ' ' HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

Ediv. panied in battle. This decision was greatly inflnenoed

by the belief that the colours would receive more care

^^^ and respect under his Grace's charge, than if placed in
a cathedral.

Quarter-Master Harry Macleod, a Sutherlandshire
officer, who had served throughout the late wars under
these colours, was selected by Colonel Burroughs to
carry the old Queen's colour to its resting-place.

Mr. Macleod accordingly proceeded on his mission.
He reached the Golspie railway station on the 7th of
February, where a Guard of Honour of the Sutherland
Volunteers, with the old regimental colour of the 9Srd,
was drawn up on the platform under command of Major
Weston, Adjutant, and Lieutenants Wright and Barclay,
the latter having joined Mr. Macleod at Lairg with a
party of Volunteers and two pipers. The guard then
marched off with both colours (Lieutenant Wright carry-
ing one, and Mr. Macleod the other) to Dunrobin,
halting in front of the castle, where it was received by
the Duke of Sutherland and party. The Queen's colour
having been brought to the front, his Grace directed
Major Weston to read to the Volunteers the following
letter from Colonel Burroughs : —

'* Edinburgh Castle, 5tb February, 1872.

*' My Lord Dukb,

''I have the honour herewith to forward to
your Grace, by the hand of Mr. Harry Macleod, a Suther-
landshire officer, the remains of the old Queen's colour
of the 9Srd Sutherland Highlanders. Mr. Macleod has
fought under this colour in all the battles and campaigns
in which it has waved over the regiment, and is an
officer in every way worthy of bearing it fo its last
resting-place.

" The colour has become much war-worn and tattered

kf_m^jtjg_ftjii^' ^ni*^^*^^'^ 1 '■^ .—^y ^^ — * 1^ - - - *-- I *--• M I J ■ * • mr^'yr*-''*- 'tf -I -■^^**-

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. . 335

since it was presented to the regiment in 1867» by His J^
Boyal Highness the Field Marshal Commanding-in-Chief •
Being made up of more pieces^ and having been more
used than the regimental colour, it has not stood the
wear and tear of time so well.

''In the name of the regiment I beg yonr Grace's
acceptance of it, and that you will permit it still to wave,
in its retirement at Donrobin Castle, side by side with
the old regimental colour which it ever accompanied in
the field.

'' I have the honour to be,
" My Lord Duke,
*' Your Grace's most obedient servant,
(Signed) " F. Burroughs, Colonel,

''Lieut.-CoL Commanding 98rd Highlanders.'*.
'' His Grace the Duke of Sutherland, K.G."

His Grace then addressed a few words to Mr. Macleod,
in which he requested that his thanks might be conveyed
to Colonel Burroughs and the ofiBcers of the regiment for
having sent both colours to Dunrobin, and ordered the
Sutherland Volunteers to give three cheers (led by his
Grace) for Mr. Maqleod and the 98rd Highlanders.

The Queen's colour was then placed side by side vrith
the old regimental colour in the castle.

Volunteers having been called for to join the Boyal
Artillery, which was under its complement, eighteen
men of the regiment were sent. to Woolwich. They were
struck off the strength of the 98rd from the 81st of
March.

On the 6th of April, the officers gave a ball in the
Assembly rooms, George Street, Edinburgh, at which
some 850 persons were present.

On the 29th of May, forty general service men (men
under fifteen months' service, who by the terms of their

v;'

1S72.

. ri 11 aiW^iMiilMaijtoilMd^WMhJBMBaWWt^

'.5?•*r^-<i^!r9S&atju(*»>**-iiw•

836

Edim-

BtBGH.

1872.

HISTGBIGAL RECORDS OF THE

enlistment were liable within that time to be transferred
to any regiment), were sent from the 93rd to the 42nd,
and proceeded to Devonport to fill up the ranks of that
corps. And on the 30th of the same month, twenty
general service men were withdrawn from the regiment
and sent to the 90th Light Infantry.

The establishment of the 93rd was thus brought down
to that required by War Office Army Circular, clause
70, of 1st of May, 1872, yiz. :—

Colonel

Lieaienant-Colonel
Majors • •
Captains •
Lieutenants •
Paymaster
Adjutant . •
Quartermaster •

1
1
2
10
16
1
1
1

Total Officers 33
Corporals
Privates

Kon-Com. Oflloei% Drmnmen, tc

Serjeant-Major •

Quarter-Msster Sergeant •

Band Master

Drum Major •

Paymaster Sergeant

Armourer Sergeant •

Orderly-room- Clerk

Colour Sergeants

Sergeant Pioneer .

Sergeant Cook •

Serg.-Tnstructor of Musketry

Sergeants

Pipe Major . • • •

Drummers

Hpers • • • •

40
480

28
1

18
5

Total of Rank and File 520

Total of all ranks . 625

The folloiYing is an extract from a letter dated Horse
Guards, War Office, 12th of June, 1872 :—

CONFIDENTIAL REPOBTS.

'< 9drd Highlanders and D^pot 92nd.

^* Having submitted to the Field-Marshal Gom-
mandiug-in-Chief, the confidential reports of your April

••^e

^«fc.4 ^ /V^y * ^' ;'.:»'* a 4 .» j .^*.. .wi* ■!■.*■ ■ » »< ii > i i fm ww

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 337

inspection of the regiment and dep6t speoifiedi I have Edv.
the honour to intimate to yoa» that His Boyal Highness '^^^
has been pleased to commend the highly creditable and ^^^
satisfactory state of these regiments as shown in yonr
reports."

(Signed) ** J. W. AiiMSTRONa,

" D.-A.-Q."
'' Major-Gen. Sir J. Douglas, K.C.B.,

" Edinburgh."

Lieutenant and Adjutant Fitzroy Macpherson having
been promoted to the rank of captain, the following order
was published on the occasion : —

'' Colonel Burroughs thanks Lieutenant and Adjutant
F. Macpherson on his resigning the adjutancy of the
regiment, on promotion, for his yaluable services as
adjutant during a period of fourteen years.

** He thanks him for the support he has rendered
him, and he congratulates him on his promotion to
captain.

** It cannot fail to be a source of gratification to
Captain F. Macpherson, his handing over the duties of
adjutant to his successor with the regiment bearing the
high reputation it does for smartness, steadiness, and all
soldier-like good qualities."

The congratulations of the regiment having been
conveyed to the Marquis of Stafford on his attaining his
majority : —

'' The commanding officer has been requested by the
Marquis of Stafford to thank the officers, non-commis-
sioned officers and soldiers of the 93rd Sutherland High-
landers for their very kind wishes towards him on the
occasion of his coming of age."

Her Majesty visited Edinburgh and remained at Holy-

1 1
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338 HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THE

BUBOH.
I872!

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Edik. rood Palace from the 14th to the 16th of August, 1872.
During the Queen's stay, a captam's guard of the 9Srd
was stationed at the palace.

With her customary thoughtfuhiess and care for all
about her, the Queen walked across from the palace to
the guard rooms, and satisfied herself that the guard
was comfortably housed, and properly taken care of.
Her Majesty entered into conversation with the soldiers
engaged in cooking the day's rations.

On the 14th of November, 1872, instructions were
received directing the depot of the 92nd Gordon High-
landers (which had been afiUiated to the 98rd since the
arrival of the latter from India) to be held in readiness
to move to Aberdeen, to assist in forming the new military
depot centre for that district ; and on the 18th it marched
out of Edinburgh Castle, under command of Captain H.
F. Cotton, for the Waverley railway station, en route for
Aberdeen, preceded by the band and pipers of the 9Srd.
1873. At a mess meeting of the officers, at Edinburgh Castle,

on the 21st of January, 1878, it was proposed and unani-
mously carried, that in consideration of the 98rd bearing
the title of the Sutherland Highlanders, and in grateful
recognition of the kindly interest ever taken in the regi-
ment by the ducal family of Sutherland, the compliment
be paid to his Grace the Duke of Sutherland of electing
him a perpetual honorary member of the officers' mess.

The above was cordially agreed to, and the command*
ing officer was requested to submit the resolution for his
Grace's acceptance.

The foUowing reply was received : —

** Stafford House, &W.,

•* February 9th, 1878.

" Mt dear Colonel,

** I will not write a formal letter of thanks to
the officers for the honour they have done me, I will

03BD 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLAKDEBa 839

In order to carry out the proYisions of Qeneral Order
82 of 1878, locallzmg and reorganizing the army into
district brigades, a party of the regiment as undemoted,

namely : —

■

Major aud Brevet-LieutenantpCJolonel J. M. Brown, oommanding.
Captain W. Gordon Alexander,
CapUin & E. Wood,
Lieutenant W. F. Fallarton,
Lieutenant F. W. Welcb,

with six sergeants, five corporals, two drummers, and
twenty privates, quitted Edinburgh Castle and proceeded
by railway, on the 6th of April, to Aberdeen, The depot
of the 92nd Gordon Highlanders, together with the 98rd,
had been posted to the 66th Brigade, haying its head«
quarters at that station.

A letter of readiness to move to Aldershot having
been received on the 17th of March, Major-General Sir
Jolm Douglas, E.C.B., commanding in North Britain,
inspected the regiment in the Queen's Park on the 16th
of April.

At the close of the inspection. Sir John Douglas bid
the regiment farewell in a highly complimentary speech,
in which he said the 98rd Sutherland Highlanders ever
had the honourable reputation of being one of the finest
and best conducted regiments in the British army. That
they had worthily maintained this reputation during the
many years he had been acquainted with them, and that

1S78L

merely ask you to convey my best thanks to them, and Emv
tell them how pleased I am to be a member of the mess.

" Yours very truly,
(Signed) ** Suthbblakd.

'' Colonel Burroughs.

BUBOH.

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■^fumr^^i^fStttm^

340

BVBOH.

1873.

HISTOBICAL BEGOBDS OF THE

he would ever watch their fatnre career with the greatest
and most kmdly interest.*

The following regimental order, dated 10th of May,
1878, was published previous to the departure of the
98rd from Edinburgh : —

** In quitting Edinburgh, Colonel Burroughs, in the
name of the 98rd Highlanders, bids farewell to Captain
Warren, and the officers and soldiers of the depdt 78rd
Perthshire Begiment, and in doing so he hopes that the
period that the depdt of the 78rd has been affiliated to
the 98rd will be remembered with pleasure by both, and
that the friendships it has led to will be continued for
many long years.

" He begs to thank Captain Warren and the officers
and non-commissioned officers for their strict attention
to duty, and the support they have rendered him."

Intimation having been received that the Lord Provost
(Cowan) and magistrates of Edinburgh were desirous,. in
the name of the citizens, of publicly bidding farewell to
the 98rd Sutherland Highlanders on the eve of their
departure from Scotland, by permission of Sir John
Douglas, the regiment paraded at half-past one p.m. on
Saturday, the 10th of May, on the Castle Esplanade, and
marched in review order down the High Street, and
formed up in quarter distance column in the court yard
of the City Council Chambers, the balconies and sides of
which were crowded with spectators.

The Lord Provost addressed the regiment as
follows : —

" It is a great pleasure to me, and to the city a
source of great satisfaction, to have the honour of seeing
the 98rd here to-day. There is no regiment in the
service which is more endeared, not only to the citizens

* An iccouDt of Mb inspection appeared in tbe Edinburgh Oowrant
of tbe 16th of April, 1878.

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»^ ^ji_.^jLju«f3«Mat»«c

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLAKDBRa ' 841

of Edinburgh, but to every Bcotchmaiiy than that regi« Soar- \

ment, with its glorious history of achievements for

BO many years. The soldiers I now address worthily ^^^
represent Scotchmen wherever they go. Scotland had
never reason to be ashamed of them. The deeds of the
93rd are fresh in our recollection. There are many
stiU in the regiment who formed part of the * thin
red line' at Alma and Balaclava, and there are still
more who assisted in rescuing the weeping widows and
timid children at Lucknow. I am proud to think that
while the 93rd have been distinguished by brilliant
achievements in the field, they have been and still are
equally distinguished when they leave the duties of a
soldier and take up those of the citizen. No regiment
has ever been in Edinburgh which has given less trouble,
or has been more acceptable to the citizens generaUy.
In fact, to use the words of the old song, the 93rd are
' Lambs at home, but lions in the field.* The gallant
soldiers who now hear me are about to leave the capital
of Scotland. That is a matter of regret ; the citizens
would far more gladly have welcomed you to, than see
you take your departure from, the town ; but I feel sure
that wherever you go, you wiU keep up your well-earned
reputation, and that nothing will be done to tarnish the
laurels which you have so bravely won. In the name of
the citizens of Edinburgh, I bid the regiment what I
hope will be only a short farewell. Officers and men
will take with them the good wishes of this community,
and of all their countrymen. Friendly eyes will watch
you wherever you go. It is a great inheritance which
you have received — that of keeping up the character and
dignity of your regiment, and if possible, of adding to it
greater lustre, and Scotland will narrowly observe you,
confident of the result. I wish the officers and men
God speed on your approaching journey.'*

" -L^_* * - " - ^ ' f ^.-*" * ^/ * f. ' g^'_ - /i -r^f^ y - ' _ ^ • <' ■- >»^^i^^» ^ « uy ^.>^»^^t^, .> -'- -,. a«,* ' . w.-v^,.-».--

'T'^'^ .'■;Ct:'>;rtc a < T - 1\ a - ' j^.m ik ? i. ' T i . j - ."? .1 -

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312 HISTOBICAL BEGOBDS OF THB

Eonr. Colonel Borronghs replied : —

'' In the name of the 9Srd Sutherland Highlanders

^^^' I beg to thank yon for the honour you have this day
conferred upon the regiment.

*' I thank you, my Lord, for the flattering terms in
which you have alluded to the services which it has been
the good fortune of the 98rd to have been able to render
to the State.

*' I believe that the same noble spirit. of loyalty to
our Queen, and devotion to duty, and of jealousy for the
honour, respectability, and good name of the regiment
which animated our predecessors, and enabled them to
overcome the difficulties, and to acquire the reputation
for bravery in the field, and good conduct in quarters,
alluded to by your Lordship — ^that same spirit still
animates all ranks in the regiment.

*' God alone knows when, and how many of those
now present may be again quartered in Edinburgh
Castle, but rest assured that wherever we may be, we
shall all often think of Edinburgh, and wish ourselves
back amongst you.*'

The officers were then invited to a banquet in the
Council Chambers, and the soldiers were also liberally
regaled with refreshments. After which the regiment
fell in, presented arms in salutation to the city, the band
playing the ** Garb of old Gaul," and after three cheers
i for Edinburgh and its Lord Provost, they marched back

to the castle.

On the morning of Monday, the 12th of May, the
regiment, strength as under : —

Sergeants, 82 ; corporals, 82 ; drummers, 21 ;
privates, 886 ; women, 67 ; children, 90, paraded on
the Castle Esplanade at half-past ten, and marched via
the Mound, Hanover Street, and Inverleith Bow to
Granton, to embark on board Her Majesty's ship

-*' ■"" * ■^■ *^ *^**^^r^r->^. i j*i»i — ^ — ^ ^ ^.-.-j . ,

'^WW

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS. 343

1878.

Himalaya for conveyance to Portsmouth. The day was Enx-
bright, dear and sunny, and Edinburgh and its beautiful
neighbourhood was looking at its very best. Thousands
of spectators lined the route to Granton, and* bid the
OSrd fareweU as it passed.

From the Castle Esplanade the road towards Bank
Street was lined by the Pensioners, under command of
Major Kirk.

On nearing Granton, the Olst Argyllshire High«
landers, under Colonel Sprot, who had been conveyed in
the Himalaya from Fort George and Aberdeen to Gran«
ton, and were now en route to Edinburgh Castle, were
passed by the 93rd, both regiments shouldering arms
in salutation of each other, the crowd not permitting
the formalities usual when corps meet on the march.*

* During the time that the ExbiMtion of the Boyal SootUsh
Academy of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture was open, while
the regiment wa« in Edinburgh, an application wa« reoeiyed from
Sir (}eorge Herrey, R.A., the President of the Society, for sentries
to be posted at their doors, as in London and Dublin. This was
cheerfully agreed to, and for the first time in the history of the Royal

Scottish Academy, its portals were guarded by sentries. These were \

soldiers of the 93nL Some correspondence afterwards took place from
which the following is extracted. Colonel Burroughs, in reply to a
letter from the secretary, says —

^ To a Scottish regiment, the guarding of the treasures of Scottish
talent is not only a duty, but also an honour and a pleasure^ and I
beg that you will inUmate to the Preddent and members of the Royal
Scottish Academy, that so it is regarded by the 9drd Sutherland
Highlandera."

** Edinburgh, 26th May, 1878.
** Sis,— I duly submitted your letter of the 12th instant to the
President and Council, and I am desired to express the great satis-
faction it conyeys to them of the sense of the claims of Art entertained
in a regiment so distinguished as the Sutherland Highlanders.

" It is very gratifying to the President and Council to find that
devotion to the art of war is not inconsistent with the truest and most
generous appreciation of the Fine Arts.

** I have the honour to be, eto^

" J. Dick Pbddie, R.S.A., Secretary."

mm ■- * ■

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344 HISTOBICAL BEGOBPS OF THB

j, 1873. At about two p.m. the regiment mth its baggage was

( * taken alongside of the Himalaya in two steamers. The

ship steamed out of Granton roads at seven o'clock that
evening.

The passage to Portsmouth was a most delightful
one ; the Himalaya arrived in the Boyal Dockyard there
at about half-past two on the afternoon of the 14th
of May. The baggage was landed, but the troops
remained on board for the night;
Alvbb- At ten on the morning of the 16th, a detachment of
the Scots Greys, which was on board, and the 98rd, were
placed in two special trains, and started for Aldershot.
Famborough station was reached by the train conveying
the 98rd at about 12.80, and the camp at 1.80 p.m.

Army Service Corps waggons were ready drawn up
at the station to receive the baggage, and the bands of
the following regiments played the 98rd into camp, viz.
19th Hussars, and Battalion 16th, 2nd Battalion 18th,
and the 80th.
BeTiew On the 24th of June, the 98rd went by rail from
' ' ** Zl°^" Aldershot to Windsor, to take part in a review before

} saoT.

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Her Majesty the Queen and the Shah (Nuzzer ud Deen)
of Persia.

The review took place in Windsor Great Park, between
the Long Walk and Queen Anne's Bide : the following
troops took part therein : — .

2 Batteries Boyal Hone Artillery.

Ist Life Gaardtt.

2ad Life Goarda.

Royal Horse Guards.

6th Dragoon Guards.

TthHussara.

Idth Hussars. *

2 Batteries Royal Artillery.

3 Battalions Grenadier Guards. •
2 „ Coldstream Guards.
1 „ Scots Fusilier Guards.
IstBatUlion 7th Royal Fusiliers.
2nd Battalion 16th Regiment
93rd Sutherhmd Highlanders.
1st BatUlion Rifle Brigade.

j The foUowing general order was aftei-wards published,

\ ;

! '
93rd 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLANDEBa 345 r [

by command of Her Majesty, to the troops which took 1878l
part in the rcTiew. Dated 24th June, 1878.

" His Boyal Highness the Field Marshal Command- 1 j

ing-in-Chief has received the commands of the Queen \

to convey to General Lord Strathnaim/G.C.B., and the
troops reviewed by Her Majesty this day in Windsor
Parky Her Majesty's satisfaction with the appearance
and general efficiency of the regiments and batteries
under his lordship's orders.

*' His Boyal Highness has been further commanded
by the Queen to communicate to the troops, the gratifi- |

cation His Majesty the Shah of Persia expressed, on
witnessing the admirable manner in which the parade
and field movements were executed.

** By command,
(Signed) ** Bichard Aibbt, A.-6.**

On the 19th of July, 1878, the regiment left Aldershot Aatamn
for Exeter by rail, to take part in the Autumn mancBuvres vnt on

on Dartmoor. Dartmoor,

The strength was as under : — Officers, 21 ; sergeants,
81 ; drummers, 19 ; rank and file, 888.

The women and children, together. with the sick and
weakly men, were left at Aldershot in charge of Major
Joiner, Paymaster.

From the 19th till the morning of the 21st, the
regiment, in company with the 8rd Battalion Bifle
Brigade, remained encamped at " Ducks' Marsh," about
a mile and a half outside Exeter. At 6 a.m. on the 21st
of July, the march for Dartmoor commenced.

The night of the 21st, the 98rd was encamped at
Mardon Down, on the 22nd at Merripit Hill, and on the
28rd at Yannaton Down, Dartmoor, where it was brigaded
with the 42nd Highlanders, the 8rd Battalion Bifle

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846

HISTOBICAL BEOOBDS OF THE

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1873. Brigade, and the Somerset Militia, the brigade being
Automn Commanded by Lord A. Bossell.

mancra. ipjj^ regiment was engaged in the manoeuYreB on
l>utmoor. various parts of Dartmoor * until the 21st of August.
Though the weather was extremely wet, and the ground
on which the camps were pitched was very bad and
swampy, the health of the regiment on the whole was
very good.

The medical arrangements of the force were under
the direction of Deputy-Surgeon-General Munro, C.B.,
late of the 98rd.

During this period the 98rd received great praise
from the generals under whom it served, as well as
special notice from His Boyal Highness the Field Mar-
shal Gommanding-in-Chief, for its smart appearance on
parade and the excellence of its skirmishing.

The regiment took part in the march past on
Boborough Down before His Boyal Highness the Prince
of Wales, after which it returned by special train via
Plymouth, to Aldershot.

On the 8th of August, Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel J. M.
Brown retired on full pay after a service of over forty-five
years, which was passed in the 9drd with the exception of
about; eight years on half pay.

On the 28th of September, Major-General Sir Henry
Btisted, K.C.B., formerly Lieutenant-Colonel of the
regiment, was appointed Colonel vice Lieutenant-General
Hay deceased.
Lieut- On the 29th of October, Colonel Burroughs, C.B.,
McBera retired on half pay, and was succeeded in command of
the regiment by Lieutenant-Colonel W. McBean, V.C.

On the 12th of March, 1874, the regiment proceeded
to London to take part in lining the streets, on the public

* Upon one occasion tLe 93rd encamped on s field belonging to
Dartmoor Convict Prison.

com*

1874.

!■

'«

m >

93bd suthebland hiohlandsbs. 347 l|

entry of their Boyal Highnesses the Dnke and Duchess Auw-
of Edinburgh after their marrisige, and returned to
Aldershot the same evening.

The 93rd remained at Aldershot until the Ist of Wooi^

WICH*

July, when it proceeded to Woolwich.

The following relates to the presentation of a tankard
by the officers of the Scots Fusilier Guards : —

<" 112, PiccadUlj, W., Aoguit SStnd, 1874. I

** Mt deab Colonbl, *

** I have been deputed by my brother officers to

write through you to the officers of the 93rd, and to offer i

for their acceptance, a silver tankard, as a very small i

token of their gratitude for the fraternal way in which

they were treated at Aldershot when they had no mess I

of their own. I can assure you that the feeling which !

prompts the gift is heartfelt by those who make it. |

** The tankard is an exact copy of one now in the f

Kensington Museum, date Charles U., the silver ' beaten'

as at that time.

" I feel, personally, the most sincere gratification at
being selected as the spokesman in this matter.

** Most sincerely yours,

'' My dear Coloneli
(Signei) ** Chablbs Whttb,

*' Lieut.-Col. and Captain S. F. Guards.*'

Proposed at a mess meeting on the 27th of August.

'' 1. That the thanks of the 98rd Sutherland High,
landers should be conveyed to the 1st Battalion Scots
Fusilier Guards for the very handsome silver cup pre-
sented by them to the regiment.

" 2. That the 1st Battalion Scots Fusilier Guards
should be made perpetual honorary members of the mess
of the 9Srd Sutherland Highlanders."

J ■■■■ tm *rM m.\tm.. »■■ ■l■^— ^«Ji.A.Jaiff ■ll^l.^ill— * 1 ■ l»^fc«Otrf^^.*^« ^^— ,s. «i>^arf'.^Hpi>V >■■.■> ,^ '..^.3&-.^ ^-^.>^s.^<;r^ ,. ,,-l ljf. ,p-.^--^>.. ,^ „ ^^^, ^ ^^

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3i8 HI8T0BICAL BECOBDS OF THB

•' WIOB.

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I87i. These propositions were unanimously carried, and

Wool- Ordered to be entered in the records of the regiment.

The above resolutions were forwarded to Colonel
, White, with a suitable letter, by Brevet-Major R. W. T.
Gordon, the President of the Mess Committee.

On the 12th of December, 1874, Martini-Henry rifles
were issued to the men, in exchange for the Snider rifles,
which were returned to the Tower of London.

1875. On the 8th of January, 1876, forty-five men who had
enlisted '' for service in the 56th Brigade Depot," left the

] regiment to proceed to India, to join the '* Linked Bat-

talion," the 92nd Gordon Highlanders.
Sborms- In July the regiment moved to Shomeolifie.
j' Bmthof ^^ regiment received with deep regret the intelli-

8tbted 8^^^^ ^' ^^ death of its colonel, Sir. Henry Stisted,
K.C.B.* ^hich had taken place in London on the 10th of De-
cember. Lieutenant-General Freeman Murray succeeded
> I to the colonelcy.

1876. On the 20th of January, 1876, a draft of sixty men
left Shomecliffe to join the 92nd Highlanders in India.

BcBUN. On the 20th of March the regiment left Shomecliffe
for Dublin.

On the 11th of October, Lieutenant-General William
Munro, C.B., was appointed colonel vice Lieutenant-
General Freeman Murray transferred to the 60th Bifles,
and from whom the following letter was received: —

" Uuited Service Club, Pall Mall, & W.,
•• 6tb January, 1877.

'' Mt dbab Colonel,

** His Boyal Highness the Duke of Cambridge
having been graciously pleased to offer to transfer me
to the regiment in which I passed the greater part of my
regimental service, I accepted with pleasure. We all
know how pleasant it is to return to them. In this case
my satisfaction has been tempered with the regret I feel

fcfc>^a _ i* w i> " i rV d 'n i 't M .U ^ft ' » - ^ rn p ■ ii *- i , i ,i "t- r -^^ ^. >-■-■-<.> a^^— ^ ■>*»•»■*- ■>'«<»*«* » ^'^- »'

93bd suthebulnd highlandee8. 349 !{

tj
at leaving the colonelcy of so distinguished a corps as DcvLnr.

the 93rd Sutherland Highlanders. Will you be good {^

enough to convey to the officers my regret at leaving

them, and my best wishes on the occasion of the new

year we have just entered upon, and believe me^

'' My dear Colonel^

" Yours sincerely^

(Signedj ^'Fbeekan Mubbit.'*

" To Colonel McBean, V,C.**

The following refers to the inspection of the regiment
at Dublin in 1876.

^ Aisistani- AdjoUnt-Oenenl's Office. Dublin,
" 13th Januttj. 1877.

" The subjoined extract from a letter dated Horse 1977.
Guards, 8th of January, 1877» is forwarded for your
information.

''His Boyal Highness considers the report on the

98rd Begiment highly satisfactory in all its details, but

the charges for mess guests are very heavy, and must be

reduced.

" By order,

{Signed) " G. S. Touno, Colonel,

" A..A..Gen."
" Officer commanding

'' 9Srd Highlanders."

The regiment left Dublin for the Curragh camp on Cubbaok.
the 17th of May, 1877, where it was quartered in '' H '*
lines, and took part in the summer drills under the
command of Major-General A. J. Herbert, C.B., which
extended from the 9th of June to the 9th of August.

The establishment of the regiment was raised on the
1st of October to the following strength : — Officers, 25 ;
sergeants, 43 ; drummers and pipers, 21 ; rank and file,
820 ; making a total of 909 of all ranks.

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350

CUBRAGE.
1877.

I.
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187&

Lieut
Colooel

HISTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THB

Seven hundred and ninety new pattern bayonets,
four and a half inches longer than those hitherto in use,
were received on the 28th of December, and shortly
afterwards issued to the men.

Extract from a letter addressed to General the Bight
Honourable Sir John Michel, G.C.B., by the Ac^utant-
General, dated

'' Horse Quards, War Office,
. . '^ 20th December, 1877.

(Confidential Beports, 1877.)

'' I have had the honour to lay before the Field
Marshal Commanding-in-Chief, the Annual Confidential
Beports of Inspection of the regiments and depdts
named in the margin, by Lieutenant-General A. J.
Herbert, C.B.

*' His Boyal Highness has perused with much grati-
fication the report on the 93rd regiment, which he
considers most highly creditable to the regiment, and
to that worthy old soldier Colonel McBean, and I am
to request that you will convey His Boyal Highness's
warmest commendations both to the regiment and its
commanding officer."

In February, 1878, Colonel McBean retired on a
pension of £420 a year, with the honorary rank of
Major-General, and a few weeks subsequently was
granted a good service pension of £100 in addition.

Lieutenant-Colonel W. Wallingford Enollys succeeded
Kn^ys to the command of the regiment, on the retirement of
^^ Colonel McBean, from 16th of February.

In consequence of a supposed possibility of war with
Bussia the strength of the regiment was increased by
volunteers from many regiments. In all 866*volun«
teers joined during March, April, and May. Each man
received a bounty of £1.

" *-v.

03bD SUTHEBLAKD HIQHLANDER& 351

By Horse Goards aathoritjy in Febraary, a regi- CuBmAov.
mental transport train was formed, oonsistini; of {^
1 ofiSoer, 1 sergeant, 22 privateSy 2 smiths, 2' wheel-
wrights, and 1 saddler, with 9 general service waggons,
8 ammonition carts, 24 draught horses, and 3 riding
horses. Lieutenant H. S. C. Gordon was in charge of
these.

In March the regiment was included in the 1st Army
Corps for active service, and was on the 1st of April
placed on the war establishment.

On the 25th of April, 453 men joined from the 1st
Glass Army Reserve ; these were all from Scotch districts
— 200 of them, however, were sent to the 91st High-
landers at Dublin on the 1st of May.

Becruiting parties were sent out to London, Liver-
pool, Dundee, Dumfries, Ayr and Inverness. Between
January and June, 1878, 179 recruits joined. '

By the 1st of June the whole regiment (1176 strong)
was fuUy armed, clothed and equipped, and fit to take
the field, and was inspected by Sir John Michel, G.G.B.,
Commander of the Forces* in Ireland, and received his
warm approbation.

On the 19th of June, Major-General Seymour, C.B.,
made the annual inspection of the regiment, and on its
conclusion said he would have much pleasure in making
a favourable report on it.

The 93rd took part in the summer manoeuvres at the
Curragh.

On the 3l8t of July, the men of the Army Beserve
were sent to their homes. Nine of them, however,
remained with the colours to complete their service •
towards pension.

In August the regimental transport train was reduced
to six horses and drivers with waggons.

By army circular of Ist of September, the establish-

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.*»» » >fcij^^*»-. #^ ,

352

HISTOBIGAL BEC0RD8 OF THB

CuBHAoa mdnt of the 98rd was reduced, and fixed as foUows : —

1878. Officers, 80 ; sergeants, 41 ; drummers and pipers, 23 ;
corporals, 40 ; privates, 660.

A draft consisting of 1 sergeant, 1 corporal, and 105
men of the regiment left the Curragh on the 7th of
December, under command of Captain Thackwell, of the
73rd, to join the 92nd Gordon Highlanders, the " Linked
Battalion," in Bengal.

1879. On the 1st of January, 1879, Lieutenant-Colonel W*
oS^ Wallingford Enollys retired on half-pay, and was sue-

2^^ ceeded by Major Ewen H. D. Macpherson, promoted to

com. the command from that date.

^^ On the 8th and 9th of January, the 98rd left the

regiment Curragh, and embarked on board Her Majesty's ship
for Gib- Tamar, Capain Liddell, for conveyance to Gibraltar.
»ltap. rjijj^ following officers accompanied the regiment : —

Major E. H. D. Macpberson.

„ A* C. Kigbtingale.
Bt-Major A. 0. Tabuteaiu
Captain L. De T. PreToet
„ P. D. Trotter.
„ 0. C. Hanna J.
Lieutenant J. D. Fetberstonbaugb.
„ T. H. B. Fortter.
„ J. 8. Napier.
'„ H. 8. G. Grordon.
A. H. Middleton.

Lieutenant W. F. Turner.

„ Stewart MacDoagalL

„ J. H. Campbell.
2nd Lieuta. A. D. Sim.

„ W. A. A. Macbean.
A. B. Blackburn.
£. B. Urmston.

„ G. L. Walker.

„ Hedlej Wrigbt
Lieut ft Adjt E. W. D. Croker.
Quarter-Master Jobn Brebber.

»»

The feather bonnets had been returned into store,
and white spiked helmets for foreign service issued
instead.

The regiment disembarked at Gibraltar on the 17th
of January, and was stationed at Town Range (head-
quarters), Wellington Front, North Front, and Catalan
Bay.

Lieutenant and Adjutant E. W. D. Croker was pro-
moted to the rank of captain from 1st of January, 1879.

• «^

I ^Ml •■ ■ ■

: jLT ""n - >a«* '■ ,m

aattMHk

93rd sutheblakd highlandebs.

853

(Gazetted 4th of February), haying been adjutant for 1879l
six and a half years. '

On Saturday, the 6th of September, the troops in iVeMota-
garrison, under command of Major-General Anderson, yiotori^
Acting Oovemor, were paraded on the Alameda to ^^^
witness the presentation of the Victoria Cross to Lieu* Lioot-
tenant-Colonel Hans Garrett Moore, of the 98rd High- Moon.
landers. The regiment was drawn up in the centre of
the Alameda, in column of double companies, with the
remainder of the troops in two brigades in line of quarter
columns.

IsT Bbioadb.
(Gol. Macdonell, 71st H.L.I.)
Boyal Artillery.
Koyal Engineen.
2iid Battalion 28id Boyal \7el8h
FosilienL

2nd Brioadb.
(Col. Gljn, Bifie Brif^ade.)
79th Cameron Highlaadert.
7l8t Highland Light Infantry.
2nd Battalion Bifle Brigade.

At about half-past five o'clock the Major-General and
staff arrived. The troops were formed into three sides
of a square, the two brigades in columns facing inwards,
the 98rd occupying the front face. Lieutenant-Colonel
Moore having been called to the front, a letter was read
conveying the Queen's commands, that the decoration
which she had been pleased to confer on Colonel Moore,
should be presented to that officer, in such a public and
formal manner, as would be best adapted to evince Her
Majesty's sense of his courageous conduct, on the occasion
specified in the Lonion Oazette,trom which* the following
extract was also read : —

'* War Office, June 27th, 1879.

" The Queen has been graciously pleased to signify
her intention to confer the decoration of the Victoria
Cross upon the undermentioned officer of Her Majesty's
army, whose claim has been submitted for Her Majesty's
approval, for his courageous conduct in attempting the

2 ▲

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I

854

mSTOBIOAL BBOORDS OF THB

Gm. rescue of Private Giese, Frontier Armed Mounted Police^
*^"- on the 29th of December, 1877, as recorded in the
1879. accompanying statement : —

''Major (now Bbbvet-Lxeut.-Colonel) Hans Gabbett

MOOBB.

''act of coubaob fob which becommendbd.

** For his gallant conduct in risking his own life in
endeavouring to save the life of Private Giese, of the
Frontier Armed Mounted Police, on the occasion of the
action with the Gaikas, near Eomgha, on the 29th of
December, 1877. It is reported that when a small body
of mounted policemen were forced to retire before over-
whelming numbers of the enemy, Major Moore observed,
that Private Giese was unable to mount his horse, and
was thereby at the mercy of the Kaffirs. ' Perceiving the
man's danger. Major Moore rode back alone into the
midst of the enemy, and did not desist in his endeavour
to save the man until the latter was killed, Mqor Moore
having shot two Kaffirs, and received an assegai wound
in the arm during his gallant attempt.'*

The Major-General then addressed CSolonel Moore in
the following words : —

''Her Majesty having been graciously pleased to
signify her approval of your gallant conduct, it does not
become me to endeavour to supplement by any words of
mine, this, the highest praise you can receive, neither
will any words I can add enhance the record of your
brave deed, read to us from the Gazette. It only remains
for me to say that I deem it an honour to be privileged
to convey to you the most coveted personal distinction a
soldier can possess — the Victoria Cross.'*

The decoration was then affixed to the breast of
Lieutenant-Colonel Moore by the General, who dis*
mounted for the purpose. Colonel Moore having re«

_ ^

v..

187».

93BD 8UTHBRLAKD HIOHLANDER& 855

turned to the ranks of the 98rd, line of colomnB was Oo-

reformed, and after the troops had marched past, they

rettumed to their respective barracks.

On the 6th of October, a draft joined from the depAt,

consisting of Captain Brand, two subaltems (Lieutenants

Bobinson and McEerrill), and twenty-one non-com-
missioned oflBcers and men.

General William Munro, G.B., Colonel of the regi*

ment, died on the 29th of January, 1880, at his residence, isss.

Money's Court, Taunton. He was succeeded by General

Mark Kerr Atherley.

On the 5th of April, General Atherley was transferred

to the 92nd Highlanders, and |jieutenant-General Hon.

Bobert BoUo, C.B., became Colonel of the 98rd.

On the 23rd of September, a draft consisting of

Captain Squirl, two sergeants, and 102 rank and file

joined head-quarters from the depdt

On the afternoon of the 2l8t of March, 1881, a ISSL
parade of the troops was held on the Alameda to witness
the presentation by His Excellency Lord Napier of
Magdala, G.C.B., G.C.S.L, of medals awarded by the
Boyal Humane Society to Lieutenant Alfred Harold
Middleton, and Second-Lieutenant Francis Macnamara
Aitken, 9Srd Sutherland Highlanders. At four o'clock
the division was formed up in review order in line of
quarter columns, under command of Major-General D,
Anderson. The Ist brigade, composed of Boyal ArtUleiy
and Boyal Engineers, was commanded by Colonel H.
Hicks, B. A. The 2nd brigade comprised the 46th, 49th,
and 79th regiments, and was under Lieutenant-Colonel
B. Bennett, of the 46th. The 9Srd, under Lieutenant-
Colonel Macpherson, was formed independently between
the two brigades. His Excellency, accompanied by
Major-General Anderson, inspected the columns, .after
which a hollow-square was formed, and the recipients of

>'*««■««■ . _^

-•*«•-. «_j

•t
I

356 HISTOBIOAL RECORDS OF THB

I
I

. I

I •

^ 'On- the decoration were called out in front of the regiment,

I the side opposite to which was left open to allow of

^^^ spectators, of whom there was a large number, including
I Lady Napier of Magdala. The troops having been faced

i inwards, and the officers and colours brought to the

front Lord Napier of Magdala, addressed the 98rd in
the following terms : —

" Colonel Macpherson, 98rd Begiment, I congratulate
you on the honour reflected on your regiment by the
conduct of your two young officers. Lieutenants Aitken
and Middleton, which has gained for them the distinction
that I am commanded to convey to them, the medal of
the Boyal Humane Society, for saving life at the im-
minent risk of their own. The story is familiar to some,
but there must be many here who do not know the
circumstances that gave an especial value to the deed
which we now commemorate. I will therefore explain,
as briefly as may be, that on the 28th of November last,
a party of officers — Lieutenant Orde, of the Bifle Brigade,
Lieutenants Middleton, Campbell, and Aitken, with
Private Buchanan, of the 98rd, were returning from a
sail in the bay in the little yacht, the ArieL Darkness
fell upon them, in a storm, before they got to their
anchorage. There was a lull in the storm, and Lieu-
tenant Campbell, with Buchanan, went in a dinghy and
were towing the yacht to her moorings, when the wind
rose again, and a sudden gust drove on the yacht with
violence. Li an instant the dinghy was swamped, and
Lieutenant Campbell and Private Buchanan were in the
water. Buchanan, before swimming to the yacht, called
to offer assistance to his officer ; but Campbell was too
generous to burthen his comrade in their struggle for
life, and replied that he was ' all right.' The darkness
of the night was only broken by flashes of lightning.
Aitken, without a moment's hesitation, leapt .overboard

. • V* •■— « ^ 4

-rtk

93rd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDERS.

with a life-buoy to give help to Campbell. Middleton,
seeing that immediate help was secured, and knowing
how a swimmer is hampered by his clothes, undressed
rapidly, and seizing a second life-buoy plunged after
Aitken, and arrived to his assistance not a moment too
soon, for Aitken, guided only by the phosphorescence of
the water, had dived and brought Campbell struggling to
the surface, with an effort that could not have been long
continued unaided. What was Lieutenant Orde doing
during these moments 9 — ^brief ones, in fact ; but long
for those fencing with death. He was alone; with
quiet judgment he threw the anchor overboard, and
arrested the yacht, their only hope of safety, which was
drifting away; he then swam to the capsized dinghy,
pushed it to Lieutenants Middleton and Aitken with their
drowning comrade, and called to Buchanan to haul on
the rope that still attached it to the yacht. It was
hauled alongside, and Campbell in an unconscious state
was got on board ? But where was Lieutenant Aitken t
Embarrassed by his clothes, separated from the life-
buoy, which was lost in his struggle to raise Lieutenant
Campbell, he was swept away by the tide 1 Orde and
Buchanan righted the dinghy, and with a single oar
made their way to where Aitken had drifted, far away in
the darkness, and fortunately found him, though sore
pressed by cold and fatigue. There are, I am sure,
very many soldiers and sailors here who would risk their
lives to save their comrades ; but what gives especial
value to the acts which we honour this day, is the com*
bination of prompt and instant intrepidity with the
presence of mind which distinguished each member of
the party — each did his part nobly, and well earned the
reward which I now convey to them. I have had the
honour of placing the Victoria Cross on the breasts of
gallant soldiers, and I can assure you that I feel it as

S5t

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BALTAm.

ISSl.

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. I

■ I

358 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THB

Gib- great an honour that I am charged by His Boyal High-

^ ness the Duke of Cambridge to present to you, gentlemen,

^^1* these medals on the part of the Boyal Humane Society^
to mark their appreciation of your brave and successfal
efforts to save your brother officer's life at the peril of
your own."

His Excellency then dismounted, and affixed the
medals on the right breasts of Lieutenant Middleton and
Second-Lieutenant Aitken.

On the 28rd of March, in consequence of changes in
the organization of the army, orders were received for
the 98rd to be held in readiness to embark on board the
hired transport Egypt, for conveyance to the United
Kingdom. This order was carried out on the 29th of
March.

The regiment arrived at Portsmouth on the night of
I the 4th of April, and was conveyed by rail the following

! morning to Famborough station. It marched thence to

North Camp, Aldershot, and was quartered in L, M,
and Lines.

The 9Srd was attached to the 8rd Brigade, commanded

by His Boyal Highness the Duke of Connaught, E.G.,

by whom the regiment was inspected on the 6th of April.

The white helmets were returned into store, and the

feather bonnets re-issued.

^ : A party consisting of 1 officer (Captain Prevost), 20

' ) non-commissioned officers and men, 42 women and 70

children had been left at Gibraltar ; they embarked for

' England on board the hired transport Holland, on the

' 8rd of May, and arrived at Aldershot on the 9th.

\ From the Ist of July, 1881, the title of the regiment

I ! was changed from 98rd Sutherland Highlanders to that

of 2nd Battalion Princess Louise's Sutherland and
Argyll Highlanders, the 1st Battalion being the 9l8t

Argyllshire Highlanders*

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DRESS OF OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS IN 1881.

: I

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I '
I

from a PAo<o^apk <d(:eii al TTitiilfor Sy ITetfrv. JTtOf atui

Sowndwru •» 1882.

Pipe-Major Robert Moldmin. Captain 0. C. Hannay, in
'* Drill order/* Lieutenant-Colonel A. C. Nigbtingrale, in
Patrol jacket. Lieutenant-Colonel E. H. D. Maopherflon,
in full dress of his rank. Sergeant James Diokson in ^ Drill
oi-der/* and Private William Law in '' Uarching order.**

Representing the dress last woni by the regiment as the
93rd Sutherland Highlanders.

■*"*~— *"*> ' * » * ■ ■ >■■ i« *— ■ >! II I I m u »^. I ■■^^ fc . a t jt it m .i u^t mtt tm ,, m » xAi ^ m t ^j im^ftiAiJt^m

• «x«>.

93SD SUTHBBLAMD mOHLAMDKBS.

2nd battalion PBINCESS LOUISE'S ABQYLL
AND SUTHERLAND HIQHLANDEB8.

Ths title of the regiment was eventually' changed to 1381.
** 2nd Battalion Princess Louise's Argyll and Sutherland
Highlanders/' Her Boyal Highness the Princess Louise *
herself designed many of the new badges, appoint-
ments, etc.

On the 2nd of August, 1882, the battalion marched
from Aldershot to Famborough, and proceeded thence
by special train to Virginia Water, marching from there
to Victoria Barracks, Windsor, to replace the 2nd
Battalion Scots Guards, who had left for actiye seryice
in Egypt.

Lieutenant-colonel H. 6. Moore and Migor R. W. T.
Gordon were appointed to the staff of the army in Egypt,
the former as provost marshal, the latter became
brigade major of the Highland brigade. Lieutenant
Stewart MacDougall went out as a volunteer and was
attached to the 79th Cameron Highlanders. These
o£Scers were all present at the battle of Tel-el-Eebir,
where Lieutenant MacDougall was very seriously wounded
by a piece of a shell through the left leg above the
ankle ; he was highly reported on for his gallant conduct
in that action, where he commanded one of the leading
companies of the 79th.

Lieutenant-Colonel Moore was mentioned in des*
patches and promoted to the brevet rank of colonel, made

360 HISTORIOAL RECORDS OF THE 93Rd.

WiKoeoB. a Companion of the Bath» and has received the third
1382. class of the order of Osmanieh and the medal ^th clasp.
Major Gordon was mentioned in despatches, promoted
to brevet lieutenant-colone!, has received the fourth
class of the order of Osmanieh and the medal ^ith clasp.
Lieutenant MacDougall received the medal mth clasp.

Lieutenant J. H. Campbell resigned the appointment
of instructor of musketry in order to join the army in
Egypt as a volunteer, but unfortunately was not in time
to be present during the active operations.

Major-General Higginson, CB., inspected the bat-
talion at Windsor, on the 9th of November. He praised
in warm terms the appearance and good conduct of the
men, and said that he ** had been told by the Duke of
Connaught what a fine regiment it was when under His
Boyal Highnesses command at Aldershot. He was
pleased to say they had kept up their reputation while
at Windsor ; although their duties had been very heavy,
their conduct and behaviour had been all that could be
desired. He might tell the young soldiers that the last
time he saw the regiment was on the plains of Balaclava,
when it performed a feat which would for ever live in
the military history of their country, and it was a great
satisfaction to him to have them under his command.

■

Their conduct in quarters had been as good as their
gallantry in the field, and he sincerely hoped that they
might have a pleasing station, and that he might see
them again in the home district**

The battalion proceeded, on the 18th of November,
to Portsmouth by special train, and embarked on board
Olasqow. the hired transport Lusvtania for Glasgow, where it
arrived on the 16th of November.

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SERVICES OF THE OFFICERS.

Compiled from the AnnuaX Armg IA$t$ and oiher aiuikenfic

eaureee*

KoTB.— The yew igLYBa In Incketi at tbe dose of an offios^i
wnrlees, nhn to the date of the last Annmd Army IM in whidi hia
name U to be found with the 93rd. It haa only been oondd«ed
necessary in the cases of comparatively young officersi aa a rule^ to
state when th^ an deceased.

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SERVICES OP THE OFFICERS.

Abbrgbohbt. Robert Aberorombyy son of Sir Robert Abercromby.
tbe fifth baronet, bead of the family of Abenaromby. Entered tbe
regiment as an ensign, 12th of Ifarcby 1852, became a lieutenant in
1354, and was killed at Uie battle of tbe Alma.

AoNsw. Andrew Agnew of Lochnaw, Wigtounshire. Endgn,
17th of April, 1885 ; lieutenant^ 29th of September, 1837 ; captidn,
18th of May, 1841 ; exchanged to 4th Light Dragoons it July, 1842.
Succeeded his father as eighth baronet^ 12th of April, 1849.

AiHBLiB. William Bernard Ainslie. Ensign, 28ih of September,
1830; became lieutenantpKX>lonel of the regiment^ 21st of October,
1858, and commanded it during the Crimean war until the 17th of
August^ 1855y including the battles of Alma, Balaclava, and siege of
Sebastbpol; was promoted to tbe brevet of colonel, 28th of November,
1854, and has retired from the service. Colonel Ainslie has the
Crimean medal with three clasps, Sardinian and Turkish medals,
fourth class of the Medjidie, and is a Companion of the Bath.

AiTEEN. Alexander Aitken. Fliymaster, 26th of August, 1818,
2nd Battalion. (1816.)

Attkek. Francis Macnamara Aitken. Second lieutenant, 9th of
July, 1879 ; appointed adjutant, 12th of January, 1881 j lieutenant,
1st of July, 1881. Lieutenant Aitken has the Royal Humane
Society's medal, awarded him for saving the life of a brother officer
when stationed at Gibraltar.

Alsxaitdeb. William Gordon Alexander. Ensign, 16ih of
January, 1855 ; lieutenant, 1st of May, 1855. Served in the Crimea from
14th of July, 1855, and was at the siege and fall of Sebastopol ; also
in the Indian Mutiny, including the relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde;
with assaults on the Secundrabagh and Shah Nujjif; operations at

i^m. ^ I I • i ''r> i " »' II n I II i i >i I r I II i ^^V i I .*-■ m - - I r I ' -*■ —^.^..^ ^ ^.^t-^.^ ^^.:_.^,j.^»>.

93bD 8UTHSBLAND HIGHUkKDBlUL 383

Oiwnpora «nd battl« of the 6th of December^ 1867 ; pmtiUt to 8«nl
Ghftt; ptsMge of Um Kala KuddM ind oooapatlon of FatUhgorh;
•Mge ftod cftptara of Luoknow, Indoding •torming of the Bcgom't
pdaoe; Rohilound campaign (o the captun of Bareilly; campaigii in
Oade» including aetiqne of Puagaon, Ruaialpon^ and capture of Fort
Hittowlie. Became captain, 18th of Februarj, 1862, and aa luch
•erred in tlie Euioftal campaign under Sir John (Hrrock; hreTet-
major, 18th of Hay, 1876, and retired with rank of lieutenant«>lonel
in 1879. lieutenant-Colonel Alexander haa the Crimean medal with
clatp for Sefaastopol, Turkish medal, Indian medal with two daapii
and the Frontier medal with daip for Umbeyla.

Allabdics. Robert Bardaj Allardioe. Enrign, 29th of May,
1863 ; lieutenant, 8th of June, 1867, and retired in 1872.

Axxnr. John Allen. Major; retired on half-pay, the 22nd of
February, 18SL

AixnoH. Henry Allison. Enrign. (1808.)

Abthub. John Arthur. Endgn, 26th of December, 1818; lieu-
tenant, 2nd of March, 1820; captain, 8th of December, 1826; major,
dOth of December, 1886; reUred in 184L

AsTHUK. Walter Arthur. Endgn, 80th of December, 1826;
retired in 1828.

Athxblxt. Mark Kerr Atherl^. Entered the army as endgn,
28th of August, 1828 ; became lieutenantrcolonel, 28fd of November,
1849 ; colonel, 28th of November, 1854 ; major-general, 12th of March,
1864; lieutenant-general, 6th of May, 1872; general, 1st of October,
1877 ; colonel of the 93rd from the 30th of January to the 6th of
April, 1880, when he was transferred to the 92nd Highlanders.

Atherlbt. Henry Mark Atherley, son of the above. Ensign,
16th of September, 1868 ; lieutenant, 1st of November, 1871 ; retired
in 1872.

Atlhkr. George Edward Aylmer. Ensign, 28th of Februaiy,
1828; lieutenant, ISth of August, 1830; captain, 24Ui of Novembsr,
1836; Wevet-major, 9th of November, 1846; to 40th regiment in
1849, and subsequently retired from the army. (DeoeasedO

Attouk. Eustace de Vesd Aytoun. Endgn, 1st of June^ 1866 1
retired in 1867.

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d6i mSTOBIOAL BEGOBDS OF THB

Bainbbigob. Philip Bainbrigge. Oaptain, 4th of Jane, 1807.
(1812.)

Balgk. George Balck. Enngn, 29ih of October, 1829; lieu-
tenant, 17th of April, 1835 ; captain, let of June, 1838 ; to half*pay,
June, 1838.

Ball. Edward Alfred Ball Ensign, 6th of June, 1854; lien-
tenant, 8rd of November, 1854. Died in the Crimea, 18ih of June^
1866.

Ball, Howall Ball Ensign, 20th of ICay, 1813, and adjutant
same date; lieutenant, 18th of March, 1816. (1818.)

BAim ATTiffE. John Ifillar Bannatyne. Endgn, 17th of December,
1847 ; lieutenant, 10th of January, 1861 ; went to the 2l8t regiment,
and afterwards served as a captain in the 8th re^ment during the
Indian Mutiny ; was brigade-major to the 8rd brigade at the relief of
Lucknow; brevet major, 19ih of January, 1858, and retired from the
army as a lieutenant-coloneL Lieutenant-Colonel Bannktyne has the
Indian medal with clasps for the relief and capture of Luclmow.

Bankeb. John Banner. Captain in the 93rd, 21st of November,
1828 (army, 9th of November, 1816) ; was present at the battle of
Waterloo, for which he had the medal ; brevet-major, 10th of January,
1837. Died in 1837.

BAinnsB. Bobert Murray Banner, son of the above. Ensign, 19th
of December, 1834; lieutenant, 30th of December, 1836; captain,
26th of February, 1841 ; major, 2l8t of February, 1852 ; was present
at the battle of Alma, and died of cholera In the Crimea, 6th of
October, 1864.

Basolat. James Heniy Barclay. Ensign, 27th of September,
1842. Died In 1846.

Baxter. Charles Patrick Baxtor. Aaristant-surgeon in the
army, Ist of October, 1860. Served with the 93rd, and had mescal
charge of the regiment in the Umbeyla campaign ; retired In 1868.

Bell. James Nicholas Bell, M.D. Served as an assistant-suigeon
with the 79th Highlanders in the Crimea; with the 93fd during the
Indian Mutiny, and was present at the relief of Lucknow, operations
at Cawnpore, and battle of 6th of December (when he was slightly
wounded), pursuit to Serai Ghat, occupation of Fnttehgurh, siege and

t l i m ' J I I--1I- ^^ — >^ ^^^.>*.-^.i^^. p^^^->^-^^ ^. . ^—-^ - ^ ^^-.■.i.,a..>a>-.^M»->^—

03BD 8UTHBBLAKD HIGHLAKDEBa 365

o^itun of Luoknow* Bohilcund otmpdgn to tlM captora of Bftrailly,
ftod campaign ia Oude. (1802.) Dr. Bell has the (Mmean medal with
claspa for Alma and Sebastopol, Turkish medal,and Indian medal with
iwodaspa.

Bill. Whitefoid John BelL Entend the army as ensign in the
94th Begiment, 13th of Novemhsr, 1846. Serred as a lieutenant in the
74th Highlanders in the Indian Mutiny, and was present at the storm
and capture of the town and fort of Nurgoond, was mentioned in
despatches ; promoted to he captain in the 9th regiment o|i the 23rd of
July, 1858; exchanged to the 93rd in June, 1859; and was pAxnoted
to a half-pay majority, 1st of April, 1870; became hrevet-lieutenant-
colonel, 1st of October, 1877, and is now on the retired list with the
rank of coloneL Col<xiel Bell has the Indian medaL

BLACHTOBn. Frederick Alesander Blackford. Ensign, 8th of
December, 1825; lieutenant, 5th of June, 1828; captain, 23rd of
Octobsr, 1835, and reOred in 1837.

Blacs. John Black was appointed to an enrigncy on the forma-
tion of the regiment (1802.)

Blacxbubh. Andrew Buchanan Blackburn. Lieutenant; entered
the senrice as second lieutenant, 11th of May, 1878.

Blacxbtt. Christopher Edward Blackett Ensign, 21st of De>
cember, 1844 ; became captain, 4th of February, 1854. Serred with
the 93ni in the Criniea, including the battles of Alma and BalaclaTa;
afterwards with the Coldstream Guards at the siege and fall of Sebaa-
tupol ; captain and lieutenant-colooel, 9th of Norember, 1882 ; colonel^
23rd of November, 1875. Is now on the reUred list with rank of
major-generaL He has the Crimean medal with clasps for Alma,
Baladava and Sebastopol, Turkish medal, and 5th class of the Med^die.

Blaib. Edward Hunter Blair. Ensign, 29th of September, 1837 ;
lieutenant, 18th of May, 1841 ; retired in 1849. Succeeded his father
as fourth baronet, 26th of December, 1857.

Blakb. Matthew G. Blake. CapUin, 3l8t of May, 1810^ with
rank in the army from 3rd of February, 1804. (1811.)

Blakb. Stephen Blake. Paymaster of the 93rd, 1847 (army,
25th of February, 1822) ; ensign, 3rd of February, 1814 ; lieutenant,
3rd of September, 1818 ; served in Upper Canada in 1814-15'; diod in
1848.

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a'»ip<Bt Mfaifc^iM^* »i

i»«i*^tMwJ^1>l>i V,

866

HISTOBIOAL BBOORBS OF THB

Blakb. Stephen Blake, son of the above, succeeded his father as
paymaster, 26th of January, 1849. Joined the army as ensign 4th of
October, 1844 ; lieutenant, 2l6t of July, 1846. He served with the
9drd in the Crimea, and also during the Indian Mutiny, and had the
Crimean medal with clasps for Alma, Balaclava, and 8ebastopol,jTurk-
ish medal, and Indian medal with clasps for the relief and capture of
Lucknow. Was transferred to the 4th Hussars in 1868, and had the
honorary rank of major at the time of his death.

BoASS. Edward Boase. Ensign, 21st of December, 1860; lien-
tenant, 10th of July, 1863 ; retired 1st of February, 1868.

BooLB. Andrew Bogle. Ensign, 19th of October, 1804. (1806.)

Bond. John Bond. Entered the army as ensign, 13th of Feb-
ruary, 1856 ; captain, 3rd of July, 1860; appointed to the 93rd from
half-pay in 1861 ; died at Sepree, Central India, in 1867,

BosBBTT. Beuben Borrett From ensign, 56th Foot, waa promoted
to be a lieutenant in the 93rd on its formation. (1804.)

BoucHiEB. George Bouchier. Assistant-surgeon in the army,
9th of November, 1857. Was with the regiment at Peshawur in 186(2.
(1864.) Deceased.

BouLQEB. Persse 0*Eeefe Boulger. Captain in the regiment, 2nd
of April, 1807 ; brevet-major, 4th of June, 1814. (1819.) Served at
New Orleans, and was severely wounded on the 8th of Januaiy.

BouLOEB. Henry Boulger. Ensign,9thof April, 1825; lieutenant,
6th of July, 1826. (1829.)

BouBCHiEB. Hugh Plunkett Bourchier. Entered the army aa
enngn, 12th of May, 1814 ; lieutenant^ 20th of November, 1823 ;
captain, 7th of August, 1835 ; to 93rd as captain.

BowBB. Alexander Bower. From captain half-pay, 84th Foot,
was appointed to a captaincy in the 98rd on its formation.

BozoN. Mark Anthony Bozon. Major and brevet lieutenant-
colonel; retired in 1835.

Bbadt. James Brady. Assistantrsurgeon, 9th of November,
1816. (1816.) Was again in the regiment from 12th of January, 1826,
till 183a

Bband. William Bruce Mitchell Bnrnd. Ensign, 20th of October,
1869; captain, 24th of May, 1879.

r ^r II — T — i firr- T — i ■ ' i ^ i^n i in i fi#rrr ir'^m i m ■ r'" if - • "

93BD SirrHBBLAKD mOHLANDEBfl. 867

BnoL Goorst nto Brioi. Major, 98rd, 28Ui of lIaroli» 1823
Canny, 27tli of 1C*7, 1818) ; retired in 1828.

Bbookb. Edward Alston Piorrapont Brooke. Seoond lieutenani^
28rd of Jnl/, 1879 ; lieatenant» lat of Jaly, 188L

Biowv. James Montagu Brown, aon of Oaptain Jolin Brown.
Enfign, 17th of April, 1828; promoted captain on half-pay, 1st of
January, 1847 ; rejoined the regiment, January, 1856 ; hecame major
10th of August, 1884 ; bnTot lieutenant-oolonel, 18th of Deoembsr,
I860, and retired on full pay with the rank of ookniel, 9th of August^
1878.

Bbowv. John Brown. lieutenant, 6th of Septemher, 1810,
ranking in the army from 21st of March, 1806 ; captain, 8th of April,
1826; died in 1828L

Browv. Samuel Brown. From the 2nd West India regiment, was
made senior captain of the 9drd <xi its ibrmation ; became major, 11th
of September, 1808.

BucRAHAV. Neil Snodgnss Buchanan. Ensign, 2lst of Decem-
ber, 1832 ; lieutenant, 25th of December, 1835 ; captdn, 28th of July,
1838 ; exchanged to 35th regiment in 1848, and retired the following
year.

Banna Robert Buddo. Ensign, 13th of April, 1809 ; lieutenant,
20th of December, 18ia (1814.)

BuBooTVB. John James Hamilton Burgoyne. Before entering the
army served as a midshipman in the Honoureble East India Company's
navy ; appointed ensign, 32nd regiment, 22nd of October, 1826; pro*
moted to a lieutenancy in the 33rd, 30th of December, 1826 ; 93rd, Isi
of December, 1830, and retired in 1833. Was captain of the guard at
Cape Coast Castle from 1834 to 1837; appointed to the banack
department in 1839, and died at Weymouth on the 29th. of June,
1856, while barrack-master of that place, Dorehester, and Isle of Port-
land.

BuBooTVi. Roderick dhu Glenlyon Hamilton Burgoyne^ son of
the above. En^gn, 2nd of Maroh, 1855. Serred for a short time in
the Crimea after the fall of Sebastopol, and as a lieutenant during the
Indian Mutiny ; was present st the action of Bunnee, ndief of Lucknow
by Lord Clyde, defeat of the Gwalior contingent at Cawnpon, and
punuit to Serei Ghat, occupation of Futtehgurh, nege and capture of
Lucknow, including storming of the Martiniire and Begum*s palace;
Rohilcund campaign to the capture of Bareilly ; campaign in Oude^

~r III HUM ^ L^ LJ__ _

,A»a£.=n.,^iaa^dkmtm^mm^»mdM^3mimmm^^t.r ■ .■■*^. •■.,—■ .ay. .■^^^ ^.■^.■■r f-- "■'-r r> iiiii V- fcii fT ■■ ! ■ «1 i f ifcl rfn . ^ _ > ; i |- ,im , _a_ l i | _-|j ,

368 mSTOBIOAL BE00BD6 OF THB

with actions of Pusgaon, Rumulpore, and capture of Fort Mittowlie;
promoted to & half-pay captaincy, 17tli of April, 1869, ftnd retired
from the army in December, 1872, on appointment to the Convict
Prison Department. Gaptain R H. Borgoyne has the Indian medal
with clasps for the relief and capture of Lucknow,

• BuBBOUGRS. Frederick William Traill-Burroughs. Entered the
re^ment as ensign, Slst of March, 1848 ; was present as & Ueutenani
at the battles of Alma and Balaclava ; became % captain by porchase^
10th of November, 1854; served in the expedition to Kertch and
Yenikale, mege and £bl11 of Sebastopol, and was present at the assaults
of the 18th of June and 8th of September, 1865 ; as a captain during
the Indian Mutiny, he was present at the relief of Lncknow by Sir
Colin Campbell, during which, at the storming of the Secundrabagh,
he was slightly wounded by a tulwar-cut on the head ; at the battle
of Cawnpore on the 6ih of December, 1857 ; pursuit to Serai Ghat;
action of Ehodagunge; siege and capture of Lucknow, induding
storming of the Begum's palace; was severely wounded at Lucknow.<
Fur his services in this campaign he rteeived the brevet of major, and
was recommended for the Victoria Cross **for individual gallantry in
the Seoundrabogh, and being the first who entered one of the breaches^
and engaged in personal combat with greatly superior numbers of the
enemy, In which he was wounded by a sword-cut, on the 16th of
November, 1857." Gwing to the limitation to one amongst the offi-
cers as the recipient of this decoration, it was not granted. Major,
dOth of October, 1862 ; served in tha Eusoizai campaign, and com*
manded the regiment whilst encamped in the Umbeylah pass, for
which he was mentioned in despatches; became lieutenant-colonel,
10th of August, 1864, and commanded the regiment for upwards of
nine years, retiring on half-pay 29th of October, 1873. He became
colonel 10th of August, 1869 ; major-general, 16th of March, 1880,
and has been placed on the retired list under the recent regulations,
with, the rank of lieutenant-general. Lieutenant-General Traill«
Burroughs of Housay, Orkney, who is a Companion of the Bath, has
the Crimean medal with clasps for Alma, Bdaclava, and Sebastopol ;
Turkish medal; 5th class of the Medjidie; Indian medal, with daspt
for the relief and capture of Lucknow, and the frontier medal with
dasp. He is a deputy-lieutenant and justice of the peace (w the
Orkneys.

BusjB. Elijah Bush. Surgeon, 18th of May, 1826. (1835.)

BuTTBB. Archibald Butter, younger of Faskally, Perthshire. Ensign,
11th of August, 1854 ; lieutenant^ 8th of December, 1854 ; served in
the Crimea from 3rd of June, 1855, and was present at the ^ege and (all

Wi»i«>lfc*^t»lM »>■ ■ .'i n.a <ii>rfi't|i|^»ifc^w %.i^fc*l»*<Ma»Mii<i<»*ii|li *M<>l<M«><ii<iii>tiM>iMaa<^

93bd suthebland moHLANBSBa. 369

of Sebutopol ; Mrred also during the Indian Mutiiij campaign ; and
was ofderlj officer (o Brigadier Hope at the relief of Lncknow^ when
his horse was shot ; operations at Cawnpore and hattle of the 6th of
December ; pursuit to Serai Ohat and capture of gons there ; passage
of the Kala Nuddee and occupation of Futtehgoih; deg^ and capture
of Lucknow; he continued on the staff of Brigadier Hope until thai
officer was killed in action at Fort Booyah <m the 16th of April, 1858;
was present at the battle of Bareilly ; he was frequently mentioned in
despatches, and was promoted to be a captain in the 15th r^ment on
the 12th of November, 1858 ; breyet-major, 27th of March, 1863 ;
bieret lientenantroolonel, 2drd of May, 1878. He died on the 19th of
-June, 1880. A monumental fountain has been ended in the town
of Pitlochry, Perth-shire, on which is the following inscription : —

In Mxmobt or

LntUTBHAKT-CoUmSL

ABCHIBALD BUTTBB»
TouNora OP FascaIiLT»

LATB OP THS

93bd SUTHERLAND HIGHLANDEB8

AND 15th regiment of FOOT.

Ebbctbd

bt m aht pbienm, tbhamtb, altd oibbbt

in atholb and bibbwibbby

to bboobd thsib 80bb0w at thb xaxlt dbatb

op one enoeabbo to tbem all

bt his honoubablb and kindlt chabacibb.

BoBN AT Faskallt, 28th op Mabch, 1886^
Died at Kiluecbankie House, 19th op June, 1880i

Butteb. Henry Thomas Butter, brother of Archibald. Ensign,
25th of June, 1858 ; lieutenant, 18th of Februaiy, 1862 ; died in India
in 1868.

Gahebon. Sir John Gameron, K.GJB. Gokmel of the regiment
from 23rd of July, 1832 to May the 30th, 1833. Entered the army
as ensign, 43rd Foot, in September, 1787 ; serred in the West Indies
in 1794, and was present at the reduction of Martinique, at St. Lucia
and Guadeloupe ; was at the action of the 3(Hh of September at Ber-
▼ille Gamp under Brigadier-General Graham, and in the action of the
7th of October was severely wounded and taken prisoner ; remained a
prisoner of war for two years ; he was promoted from major of the
43rd to a lieutenant^colonelcy in the 7th West India regiment on the
28th of May, 1807, and was removed to the 9th Foot on the 5th of
September of that year and served with that regiment in the Penin-
sula, commanding the 2nd battalion at the battle of Y imiera j^was

2 B

t ■^■ ■■■i 1l i> » i irr ..a ,-. ^, ,1 >f .. ^. ,^i. ,;.,.. ..., I .,,. .r 1 ' i "Vnf t- , io' ■ ■ g Wi i ^iBli r 'u '— r

370 mSTORIGAL BEOOBDS OF THB

present at the battle of ConiDna ; in July, 1809, embarked on the
expedition to the Scheldt in command of the Ist battalion ; retarued
to the Peninsula in March, 1810^ and distinguished himself at Busaoo^
where he had a horse shot under him, and at Salamanca and Yittoria ;
previous to the assault and capture of San Sebastian he carried with
the 9th the fortified convent of San Sebastian ; took an active part in
the batties of the Nive, and had another horse shot; in the Peninsula
he was twice wounded and twice severely contused; was created a
Knight Commander of the Bath on the 2nd of Januaiy, 1815 ; the
Portuguese government conferred on him the order of the Tower and
Sword ; he received a cross with three clasps ; became a major-general
19th of July, 1821. Sir John Cameron was transferred from tin
colonelcy of the 93rd to that of his old re^ment» the 9ih, in May, 1838.
He became a lieutenant-general, 10th of January* 1837, and died at
Ouems^ on the 23rd of November, 1844.

Campbell. Colin Campbell, Lord Clyde. Entered the army aa
ensign, 9th regiment, on the 26th of May, 1808; lieutenant, 29th of
Jane, 1808; served with the 9th in the Peninsula and at Walcheren;
was present at the battle of Vimiera ; in the advance and retreat of the
army under Sir John Moore, and battie of Corunna ; at the battie of
Barrosa and the defence of Tariia; he waa attached to the Spanish
army under General Ballasteros in 1812, and waa present at several
affairs, also in an expedition to relieve Tarragona; was at the affair of
Osma, battle of Yittoria, siege of San Sebastian, where he led a forlorn
hope and received two severe wounds ; at the passage of the Bidasoa
he was again severely wounded ; on the 9th of November, 1818, he
was promoted to be a captain in the 60th, with which corps he served
in America in 1814-15; was transferred to the 2l8t Boyal North
British Furiliers in 1818 ; served as brig»de-major of the troops engaged
in quelling the insurrection in Demerara in 1^ ; became a major in
the 2l8t in November, 1826; was promoted to an unattached lieutenant-
colonelcy on the 26th of October, 1832 ; in 1835 he was appointed second
lieutenant-colonel of the 9th, but was shortly afterwards, on the 19th
of June, transferred to the 98th, and commanded that regiment in the
expedition to China in 1842, including the capture of Chingkiangfoo
and subsequent operations near Nankin ; appointed aide-de-ctmp to the
Queen with the rank of colonel, 23rd of December, 1842, and was
nominated a Companion of the Bath ; commandtrd the third division
of the army of the Punjab throughout the campaign of 1848-49,
including the affair of Pamnugger, passage of the Chenab, affair of
Sadoolapore, battles of Chillianwallah (woundedX ^nd Goojerat, and
the final operations ; was made a KCB. In 1849 ; he waa constantly
employed in 1851 and 1852, when brigadier-genenl commanding the
Peshawur district, in operations against the kill tribes. Including the

.^IJ^^^i<l«^W ^ ■— i^^pf I*. ^.*fl ■'•ll

93BD SUTHEBLAin) HIOHLANDEB& 871

•

fordDg of ibe Kohat pMf andor Sir Charles Napier, and repeated

aflkirt with the Momnndey who finally made terms after their defeat at f

Fknj Pko bj a small detachment of cavalry and horse artillery under

his immediate command, the combined tribes numbering about six

thousand men. In 1852 he commanded an expedition against the

Oootman-Kheyl and Banacai tribes, whom he finally routed at Iska-

kote, where they numbered about six thousand, while his force was

under three thousand. Sir Colin commanded the Highland brigadji

and subsequently the Highland division in the Crimean campaign.

He became a major-general, 20th of June, 1854. Was created Baron

Clyde of Clydesdale for his serrices aa commander-in-chief during th#

Indian Mutiny. He was regarded with deroted affection by the 03rd,

who were closely associated with him in the Crimea and in India, and

whose colonel he became. Lord Clyde attained the rank of Field .

Marshal on the 9th of November, 1862, and died at Chatham on the

22nd of Augnsti 1868.

CiJCPBBLL. James Campbell Enrign, 6th of July, 1826 ; lieu-
tenant, 3Ut of July, 1828. (1835.)

Campbkll. John Campbell of Kilberry. Endgn, 21st of Novem-
ber, 1862 ; lieutenant^ 22nd of August, 1865. Served in the Eusofzai
Campaign of 1863-4, for which he has the medal and clasp for
Umbeyla. ReUred in 1871.

Caxpbxll. John ^neas Deans-Campbell. Ensign, 2nd of
October, 1855 ; lieutenant, 10th of December, 1858. Served In the
Indian Mutiny; retired in 1860. (Deceased.) Mr. Deans-Campbell
had the Indian medal with claap for the reliet

Campbell. John Hasluck CampbelL Lieutenant; entered the
service 10th of September, 1877.

Campbbll. Robert Edgar CampbelL Ensign, 21st of August^
1828; became Captain, 30th of December, 1836; to 23rd Rn^msnt
in 1837.

Cavpbcll. Robert James Caulfield CampbelL Ensign, 4th of
July, 1865 ; lieutenant, 14th of October, 1868. Retired in 1873.

Campbell. Walter Odgwell Barrington CsmpbelL Ensign, 5tK
of December, 1843 ; to 72nd Highlanders in 1844.

Cardkv. Warner Westenra Csrden. Ensign, 27th of June, 1845 t
captain, 25th of Jube, 1852. Died in 1854.

■

Catrcart. Honorable Augustus Murray Cathcart Ensign, 25th of

II mam

^^^^^'^^T*r "*."*' '**'-""'* — '^"^~'^"' — '^■-'^^''-^"^1- • -r^"r- - If- ■ L-

i»; ' i*> ^ ~<«- ■ ^r h i ; f tt <ii«)> I M i i i>(i " ft lifcv

372

mSTORIGAL BEGORDS OF THE

September, 1846 ; became captun, 2l8t of October^ 1853. AooompAided.
the 93rd to Turkey, and, on the embarkation for the Crimea, was ap-
pointed extra aide-de-camp to his unde. Sir Oeorge Gathcart, with whom
he was present at the battles of Alma, Balaclava, and Inkerman, where
tbe general was killed ; was promoted to the brevet rank of major,
rejoined the 93rd, but, having been appointed a deputy-assistani-
adjutant-general, he was attached to the light division, and was present
in all the operations in which it was engaged, including both attacks
on the Redan and DeiII of Sebastopol ; was mentioned in despatches
and promoted to brevet lieutenaot-coloneL Became colonel, 27th of
October, 1864, and has retired from the service. Colonel Cathcart has
the Crimean medal with four clasps, Sardinian and Turkish medals,
and fifth class of the Medjidie.

Chbape. Peter Cheape. Ensign, 26th of ICay, 1818 ; lieutenant,
drd of August, 1815. (1816.)

Chuboh. Edward Church. A lieutenant in the regiment, 6th of
February, 1806. (1809.)

Clarke. Somerset Molyneux Wiseman-Clarke. Endgn, 23rd of
November, 1849 ; was with the 93rd in the Crimea ; became captain
29th of December, 1854, and served in the mutiny campaign; was
mentioned in despatches, for the siege of Lucknow ; exchanged into
the 29th Regiment, of which ho became lieutenant-oolonel ; brevet*
colonel, 2nd of July, 1875 ; and is now c(»nmanding the 26th r^-
mental district at Hamilton. Colonel Wiseman-Clarke has the Crimean
medal with clasps for Alma, Balaclava, and Sebastopol, Turkish medal,
and Indian medal with two clasps.

Clathills. James MenziesCUyhills. Ensign, 23rd of November,
1852 ; lieutenant, 13th of August, 1854. Served with the regiment in
the Crimea, and was present at the battle of Balaclava, and siege of
Sebastopol, including the assault on the Redan, 8th of September, 1855.
Became captain, 3l8t of August, 1855; was placed on half-pay on the
reduction of the army after the war ; and was subsequently appointed
to the 7th Royal Fusiliers, in which regiment he was a major, 20th of
June, 1865 ; and became brevet lieutenant-colonel, 25th of November,
1874. Has the- Crimean medal with two clasps, and Turkish medaL

Cliffs. JohnCliffe. Ensign, 1st of August, 1815. (Army, 20th
of May, 1814.) (1818.)

Clukbb. Gordon Clunes. From lieutenant in the 11th Foot, was
promoted to a captaincy in the 93rd on its formatioo*

mmm»mmm^i^fm00mmmim0m^i^9^r'-' , i >■■* f ^'t f*

w<rtiria»aiiM^nM»i"ii w iM*

1 " ■ — f i_r

9SBD 8UTHEBLAND HIGHLANDEB&

373

OoLXMAH. Thomftt Colemao. OftpUin 9drd, 8rd of April» 1828.
(Army, 16th of August, ISia) Betlred in 1828.

GovDBLL. Charles Edward CoadelL Ensign, 18ih of Januaryy
1869. Bfltired in 1868.

Gomrop. Henry Connop. Ensign, 2nd of September, 1819 ; lien-
tenant, 10th of February, 1825 ; captoin, 22nd of April, 1826. (1827.)

Comrop. Bichard Gonnop. Lieutenant, 15th of September, 1814 ;
captdn, 25th of September, 1817. (1826.)

CooKC Samuel Robert Cooke. Captain, 26th of August, 1818.

(iwo.)

CoopiB. Richard Augustus Cooper. Ensign, 8th of July, 1858;.
lieutenant, 2l8t of September, 1854 ; captain, 17th of NoTember, 1857.
Serred with the 9drd throughout the Eastern campdgn, 1854-55 ; in-
cluding the battles of Alma and Balaclava, and siege and fall of Sebas-
topoL Also in the Indian Mutiny, and was present at the relief of
Lucknow by Lord Clyde, and was seyerely wounded in the head,
in a hand-to-hand fight at the storming of Secundrabagh, where he
greatly ^tinguished himself; operations at Gawnpore, and battle of
tiie 6th of December, 1857; pursuit to Serai Ghat; passage of the
Kala Nuddee and occupation of Futtehgurh; siege and capture of
Lucknow, including the storming of the Martiniire and of the Begum's
palace; campaign in Rohilcund to the capture of Bareilly. He was
recommended for the Victoria Cross in the following terms: — ^"For
gallant conduct In being amongst the first to enter the Secundrabagh,
and for hotly attacking a superior number of the enemy, until severely
wounded in the head from a tulwar cut** Gwing to the limitation to
one amongst the officen as the recipient of this decoration, he did not
obUin it Exchanged to the Scots Fusilier Guards in 185& He is
now lieutenants-colonel commanding the 4th Battalion Royal Irish
Blegiment, late North Tipperary Militia. Lieutenant-Colonel Cooper
has the Crimean medal with three clasps, Turkish medal, Sardinian
medal, fifth class of the Medjidie, and the Indian medal with two dasps.

CoPLANi). William Copland. Ensign, 18th of February, 1862;
lieutenant, 4th of July, 1865. Served in the Eusofzai campaign, for
which he had the medal witbc lasp for Umbeyla. Died in 1870. .

CoBNWALL. George Cornwall. Ensign, 8th of July, 1886; captain,
June, 1848. Exchanged to 93rd and served with the regiment in
the Crimea, was wounded slightly in the trenches before Sebastopol,
on the 3rd of August, 1855. Served also during the mutiny, and was
severely wounded at Gawnpore. Was promoted to brevet-major, 24th

■ ' I M l . ■ tmii-' Jr^ ^ u,'ll' l ^flJ'^^•^•— L1i•-rr^^^^f•- ""'• "■'•^" ' ■*- ■*•---■ *<"»-*"^*--—' • -.■■>■-.■■ . m^. ..nf..i> ■■■ .a^,.....*— w r^^.^ .^^...-^-.

874 HISTORICAL BECOBDS OF THB

of March, 1858, and became major, I6tb of April, 1858. Retired from
the service in 1860. (Deceased.) Major Cornwall had the Crimean
medal with clasps for Alma, Balaclava, and Sebastopol, Turkish medal
and Indian medal with clasp for the relief of Lucknow. He was also
a Knight of the Legion of Honour.

CbwAN. David Cowan. Ensign, 26th of August^ 1818. Betired
in 1819.

Cbaigie. Charles Halkett Crugie. Ensign, 22nd of June, 1820.
(1823.)

Cbawtord. Frauds H. Crawford. EnMgn, 14th of October, 1886 ;
lieutenant, 15th of December, 1840 ; captain, Ist of October, 1850.
To 98th regiment, 185a

Cbawfusd. Thomas Macknight Crawfurd of Cartsbum. Ensign,
1st of June, 1838 ; lieutenant, 27th of August, 1841. Betired in 1842.

Cbeagh. Andrew CreagK Major, 11th of October, 1810, with
rank in the army from 25th of April, 1808 ; brevet lieutenant-colonel,
4th of June, 1814; lieutenant-colonel, 29th of September, 1814.
(1822.)

Crokeb. Edward William Dnnlo Croker. Ensign, 8th of July,
1868 ; was adjutant of the regiment from 17th of July until he became
a capUun, 1st of January, 1879. Serving in the Cyprus police.

Cbohbie. James Crombie. Quarter-master, 31st of July, 1817.
(1820.)

Cbowe. John Crowe. Ensign, 17ih of July, 1828; lieutenant^
19ih of November, 1825 ; captain, 13th of August, 1830. (1835.)

Crowe. Robert Crowe, son of the above. Ensign, 17th of May,
1851 ; lieutenant, 20th of May, 1854; captain, 15th of April, 1866.
Served with the regiment in the Crimea, and was present at the battles
of Alma, Balaclava, and the siege and fall of SebastopoL Was placed
on half-pay on the reduction of the army in 1856. Captain Bobert
Crowe has the Crimean medal with three clasps and the Turkish
medaL

Cbozier. Alexander Crozier. Quarter-master, 24th of October
1831. From 93rd to 55th regiment in 1835.

CuviciNO. Donald Cumming. Ensif , 21st of May, 1812 ; Ilea-
tenant, 9th of March, 1814. (1816.)

w ii« I ■ ill !■ ■ 1 11 iiW»i r - • '**^ ■ -' i .^^^ --• , ^* «^->^ ^■-^■- , '-^ ■ __ ■■ '- ■ u iii T

•«Ma

93BD SUTHEBLANB HIGHLAKDEB& 875

CuvuiTB. Brooke Stewtrt Gunliffe. Ensign^ Itt of Felvuazj.
1868 ; lieutenaot, 28Ui of October, 187L BeUied In 1877.

CovTHOHAX. Bobert Kdth Alexander Dick-Cnnjngbam. En-
iigtt, 10th of August, 1855 ; aerred as a lieutenant during the Indian
MtttSny, and was severely wounded at the acti<xi of Kudjwa, 1st of
Norember, 1857. He retired in 1863, and succeeded his lather, 20th
of February, 1871, as ninth Baronet Dick of Prestonfield, and serenth
Baronet Cnnyngham of Lambrughton. Sir Robert Dick-Cunyngham
has the Indian medal with clasp for the capture of Lucknow*

Dale. Bobert Dale. Major in the 93rd, 11th of September, 1806;
breret lieutenant-colonel, 4th of June, 1813; lienteiiantpKX>lonel, 10th
of February, 1814. Was killed while in command of the regiment at
New Orleans, 8th of January, 1815.

•

Dallas. A. Dallas. Quarter-master, 81st of Augusti 1880*
(1824.)

Dalsbll. James DalzelL Endgu, 11th of February, 1848 ; lieu-
tenant, 7th of February, 1851; capUin, 3rd of November, 1854. Served
with the 93rd in the Crimea, and in the Indian Mutiny. He was
killed within the Secundrabagh at the storming of that place on the
16th of November, 1857, being then in command of the light company.
He was in possession of the Crimean medal with dasps for Almi|
Baladava, and Sebastopol, idid the Turkish medal

Dalexll. Melville Dalzell. Ensign, 9th of December, 1819.
(1825.)

Dawsoh. Ernest Scott Francis George Dawson. Entered the army
.as ensign, 25th of November, 1845, and served with the 45th regiment
in the EaflSr wars of 1846-47, and 1851-52. Was lieutenant and
adjutant of the 98rd in the early part of the Oimean campaign ; be-
came captain, 29th of December, 1854, and served during the Indian
Mutiny, for his services in which he was mentioned in despatches and
promoted to the brevet rank of major ; major, 30th of October, 1862,
and served in the Eusofzai cam])aign; lieuteoant-coloDel, 29th of
November, 1864; colonel, 29th of November, 1869; subsequently in
the 90th regiment Died while lieutenant-colonel of the brigade dep5ty
at Aberdeen, In 1875. Colonel Dawson had the Kaffir medal, Crimean
medal with clasps for Alma, Balaclava, and Sebastopol; Turkish
medal, Indian medal with clasps for the relief and capture of Lucknow,
and the Frontier medal with clasp for Umbeyla. A memorial window

-j-Ti--' 1 l ii H i fcn I T'> i 1 - "fr-^-n L f" I J^^frt n I 'i Ttr*'"r"- i - ~ f-— J— fcgi—rj--— fc-f -'"--*■■*— *•*• -r' — ^-- [ f - -«— -a.:— ^*^ifa*-i-*i^ -

376 HISTORICAL BEGORDS OF THB

has been placed in the Gkurison church at Aldeishot, testifying to the
regard in which he was held by his broiher ofBoers of the 45th, 93idy
and 9(Hh regiments.

De Bubgh. John De Bargh. Ensign, 26ih of November, 1819 ;
lieutenant, 7th of April, 1825 ; captain, 19th of September, 1826 ;
major, 28th of July, 183& Retired in 1860.

Dempstbr. James Dempster. Assistant-surgeon, 24th of January,
1811. (1819.) Was in medical chaige of the 93id at New Orleans.
Afterwards surgeon of the 94th, and was surgeon of the Isft or South
Tipperary MQitia. He died in 1873.

DoLBT. Seymour Sackville CSarew Dolby. Enteied the service,
24th of July, 1872 ; became captain, 11th of May, 1880.

Douglas. Alexander Douglas. A captain in the re^menti 16th
of June, 1808*; ranking in the army from 28ih of Jane^ 1801 ; brevet-
major, 14th of June, 18ia (1816.)

Douglas. George Douglas. Ensign, 20th of May, 1836 ; fientenant,
30th of August, 1839; captain, 14th of November, 1845. To 2nd
West India Regiment

Douglas. Sir James DougUis, K.C.R Ensign, 10th of July«
1799; lieutenant, 19th of June, 1800; captun, 16th of September,
1802 ; major, 16th of February, 1809 ; lieutenant-colonel, 30th of May,
1811. Served in the Peninsula with the Portuguese snny. Became
major-general, 22nd of July, 1830; and lieutenant-general, 23rd of
November, 1841 ; appointed colonel of the 93rd, 15th of June^ 1840,
and was transferred to the 42nd in 1850. Sir James Douglas had the
gold cross and three clasps for the battles of Busaoo^ R*^«^mftpca^
Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, and Toulouse.

Douglass. Alexander Douglass. Ensign, 24th of May, 1818;
lieutenant, 2nd of August, 1815. (1817.)

Drekkait. Rev. Hugh Drennan. Was chaplain to the regiment
t'uring its service in India, from December, 1857. He has the Mutiny
medal with clasp for Lucknow, and the Frontier medal with dasp
for Umbeyla.

Drought. John Head Drought A captain in the regiment, 10th
of October, 1816. (181 7.) Was present at the battle of Waterloo, for
which he had the medaL

93BD 8UTHERLAND HIGHLANDEBa. 37T

■

Dbummonii. George Dmmmond. Eniign, 14tli of Oetobary 1824 ;
UoatODUity 8th of December, 1825. When prooeeding;, in 1828» on
boerd the ShipUy tnuuporty to Join head-quarten of the 93rd at
Antigua, bdng alio in charge of drafts belonging to other regimenta
stationed In the West Indies, was complete!/ wrecked on -the Gobler
rocks near the island of Barbadoes, the ship going to pieces. After a
night of the greatest danger, all were saTed by means of ropes passed
down to them from aboTO, the summit being inscoessible from where
they were. The women having been first saved, the men followed,
and lastiy, Lieutenant Drnmmond. Elappily, no Utcs were lost, but
no baggage could be reooyered. Was promoted to an unattached cap-
taincy on the 3(Hh of December, 1826. He subsequently became sixth
Due de Melfort, Comte de Lussan and Baron de Yalrose in France,
and is now Earl of Perth and Melfort In the peerage of Seotland, that
title having been restored by spedal command and recommendatkm of
Her Majesty, unanimously passed by both houses of Parliament, and
received the royal assent, 28th of June, 1868.

Dbtsdalb. James St Glair Drysdale. . Ensign, 9th of March,
1860. Died of cholera on the 23rd of October, 1862, during the epi-
demic*

DuNBAB. George Home Dunbar. Ensign, 5th of June, 1828;
lieutenant, 4th of January, 1833. Betired in 1889.

DuKCAH. Adam Alexander Duncan. Ensign, 27th of August,
1841. Betired In 1846.

Ekiks. Glement Ekins. Assistant-surgeon in tiie regiment from
2nd of November, 1830, until 1833. In the army from 9tili of Sep*
tember, 1818.

Eluot. Honorable William FitsWilllam Elliot, fourth son of the
present Earl of Minto. Ensign, 22nd of June, 1867 ; captain 19th of
October, 1878. Now serving as deputy-assistant^djutant and quarter-
master-general at Dublin. Was employed on special service in Zulu-
land, from May to October, 1879, and has the medal Became a
major, 3l8t of January, 1888.

Elliott. George Hambley Elliott Enrign 91st, 13th of July,
1867 ; 93rd, 2l8t of August, 1867. To Bengal SUff Corps, 17th of
January, 1870. Served as a captain during the Afghan campaign,
1878-80, including the march from Cabol to the relief of G^dahar,
and battle on the Ist of September, 1880; and was promoted to the
brevet rank of major, 2nd of Maroh, 1881, for his servicesi

Elliott. William Francis Augustus Elliott Bn^gn, 14th of
November, 1846 ; lieutenant, 11th of February, 1848. (1849.)

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878

HISTOEIOAL BEOOBDS OF THB

Ellib. Henry Ellis. Captain, 25tli of July, 1811. Banking in
the army from 6tli of Jane, 1806. (1826.) Served with the regiment
at New Orleani, and was severely wounded on the 8th of January^
1816.

Elphikstonb. William Keith Elphinstone. A captain in the
regiment, 7th of Angost, 1806. RanUng in the army from 18th of
June, 1806. (1807.)

Evaks. Andrew R. Evans. Ensign, 8th of January, 1824; liea-
tenant, 22nd of April, 1826. (1827.)

EwART. James Ewart A lieutenant, 6th of December, 1810.
(18ia)

Ewart. John Alexander Ewart. Ensign, 35th regiment, 27th of
July, 1838; became captain, 12th of May, 1848; exchanged to the
93rd, and served throughout the Eastern campdgn from the first land-
ing in Grallipoli in April, 1854, until the evacuation of the Crimea in
1856; was with the 93rd at the Alma; as deputy-asdstant quarter-
master-general was present at the battles of Balaclava and Inkerman,
and at the siege operations before Sebastopol up to 13th of February,
1855, when he rejoined the 93rd on promotion ; was at the capture of
Eertch and Yenikale, and present at both assaults on the Bedan ;
served in the Indian mutiny, during which at Lucknow he held for a
short time a command, connsting of three squadrons of cavalry, fiva
guns, and five hundred infantry. He commanded the leading party of
stormers at the assault of the Secundrabagb, on which occasion ha
personally captured a colour, and received two sabre wounds in an en-
counter with the two native ofiScers who were defending it. His left
arm was carried away by a cannon shot on the 1st of December, 1857,
at Cawnpore. He was specially mentioned In despatches for his con-
duct in this campaign. Became a lieutenant-colonel in the 93rd, 16th
of April, 1858, and aide-de-camp to the Queen with the rank of colonel,
26th of April, 1859 ; exchanged to the 78th Highlanders, which regi-
ment he commanded for five years ; attained tbe rank of major-general,
6th of March, 1868, and commanded a division of the Bengal army
from 28th of March, 1877, until 30th of November, 1879. Promoted
to be lieutenant-general, 1st of October, 1877. Lieutenant-general
Ewart has the Crimean medal with four clasps, Sardinian and Turkish
medals, and fifth class of the Medjidie, and the Indian medal with
dssp for the relief of Lucknow. He is also a Knight of the Legion of
Honour, and Companion of the Bath. He was recommended for tha
Victoria Cross ^ for gallant conduct in being amongst the first to enter
the Secundrabagb, and for engaging in hand to hand combat with

93BD 8UTHSBLAND HI0HLANDEB8. 879

•aperior numbert of the mtmj, and for capturlDg a ttaD^aid-^e wai
wounded in eo doing." This was not granted owing to the limitatioii
to one amongit the offioert as the recipieuts of the decoration.

EwAR. William Saiishurj Ewart £nt!gn» 9th of Jolj, 1862.
Served with the 93rd in the Crimea^ and became a captain 80th of
March, 1866. To Qrenadier Goarda in 1866 ; and was promoted to be
captain and lieutenant-colonel 24th of Jane» 1862. He has retired
from the tenrice. Lieutenant-colonel W. S. Ewart has the Crimeait
medal with daspe for Alma, Balaclara, and Sebaatopol, and the Turkiah

Falia Thomaa Falla. Major. Betiied from the rq;iment with
the rank of lieutenantF«olonelt 2drd of December, 1886.

FAWooxxn. Edward Fawconer. A captain in the regiment, 6th
of Maroh, 1807 ; brevet-major, 4th of June» 1814. Retired in 1816.

Fenwick. George Roe Fenwick. Enaign, 23rd of November, 1862;
lieutenant, 28th of November, 1864. Served with the let Royals at
Alma, Inkerman, and Sebastopol ; accompanied the storming partj as
a volunteer in the attack on the Redan, 18th of June. Was appointed
to the 93rd, and commanded a reconnoitring part/ of vdunteers which
entered the Redan previous to the explosion on the 8th of September,
and ascertained its evacuation. Became a captdn in 1862, and retired
in 1863. Captain Fenwick has the Crimean medal with three daspe,
and Turkish medal

•

FxROUssoH. James Fergusson. Ensign, 18th of September, 1806.
(1807.)

Fbtrbrstovhauoh. John David Fetherstonhaugh. Ensign, let
of September, 1869 ; became captain, 17th of May, 1879.

Frrz James. Arthur Charles Fits James. Ensign, 13th of August,
1830 ; lieutenant, 23rd of August, 1836. Retired in 1886.

Forbes. William Forbes. Was promoted from quartermaster-
sergeant to be ensign, 10th of December, 1868 ; became lieutenanti*30th
of October, 1862 ; and retired in 1865. While in the ranks he served
with the regiment in the Crimea and Indian Mutiny, for which he
received the Crimean medal with three clasps, Turkish modal, and
Indian medal with clasps for the relief and capture of Lncknow.

FoEBES-RoucRTSOH. Gcorge Forbes-Robertson. Entered the regi-

kt,^^t^t^^M»A^imJI^Mi*^mi^tiMM,».^t^„a^.MjM^i,.mJ,..a^em,^,-,A^ v l.^^^^^.-m^^. f . f^s^ ^^.-^^^^ i!lf Akil,H^iJi^lHji'"i W»'»i ' ■ t'»»Mr-|> -» ■ f _

380 HI8T0BICAL BECOBDS OF THS

ment at ensign, 19th of Jalj, 1856 ; lieutenant, ISth of December,
1857; captun, 5th of October, 1867 ; brevet-major, 18th of May, 1881.
Served during the Indian Mutiny campaign, and was present at the
action of Eudjwa ; relief of Lucknow by Lord Olyde ; defeat of the
Qwalior contingent at Gawnpore, and pursuit to Serai Ghat ; siege and
capture of Lucknow ; afiair of AUegunge ; battle of Bareilly ; actions
of Pusgaon and Russulpore, and evacuation of Fort Mittowlie. Served
also in the Ensofzai campaign, 1863-64, and at the Umbeyla pass
under Sir John Qarvock. He held the appointment of adjutant of the
J 1st Kincardineshire, or Deeside Highland Rifle Volunteer Corps, from

8th of March, 1876, to 14th of June, 1881. Became a major on ihe
amalgamation of the Sutherland and Argyll Highlanders, 1st of July,
1881. Major Robertson has the Indian Mutiny medal with clasps for
the relief and capture of Lucknow, and the Frontier medal with clasp
for Umbeyla.

FoBSTEB. Thomas Henry Burton Forster. Entered the service 23rd
of Marcb, 1872 ; became captain, 10th of November, 1880.

Fraseii. Archibald Fraser. Ensign, 22nd of May, 1813; lieu-
tenant, 19th of March, 1815. (1817.)

Fbaseb. Davis Fraser. Ensign, 1801 ; lieutenant, 17th of March,
1804. (1810.)

Fbaser. Frederick A. Mackenzie Fraser. Captain 98rd, 81st of
July, 1828. (Army, 24th of April, 1816.) (1826.)

Fbaseb. James Fraser. From ensign, 60th Foot, was promoted
to a lieutenancy in the 98rd on its formation.

Fbasxb. James Fraser. Was appointed to an enstgncy on the
formation of the re^ment (1802.)

Frassb. John Alexander Fraser. Ensign, 13th of April, 1846;
lieutenant, 31st of March, 1848 ; captain, 15th of October, 1852.
Retired in 1854.

Fbaser. Sackville Fraser. Was appointed to an enidgncy in the
93rd on its formation.

Fraber. William Fraser. From lieutenant, 59th regiment, was
appointed to the 93rd as the senior lieutenant on its formation ; became
captain-lieutenant In 1802 ; and left the regiment as a captain In 1806.

> ^>^«HlH^«N»«tti«aHi|M

93bd suthbbland hiohlandeb& 381

FftAtn. WillUm Fimier. Lleoieiuuii in the i«gimeiit» Itt of
Juo^lSlS. (Army, 19th of Januaiy, 1814.) (1817.)

FsBxtTDV. WilUun Lockyer Freesion. Enterad the army m
•ndgDy 6th -Foot ; beoam« a Ueutmant^ 19th of Oetobery 1814, and jdoad
the 98rd in that rank, 26th of March, 1824. Retired in 18d4. Suhee-
quently he waa on the staff of Sir De Lacy Evaoa with the Britiah
auxiliary legion in Spain, 1886-86-^7, in which eerrice he became a
colonel Waa three times wounded (once serersly), and had two horaes
ahot under him. BeoeiTed permission to accept the insignia of Knight
Commander of the Order of Charles IIL, first class of San Fernando and
Isabella the Catholic, together with the medals for Aifetta, Oyarsun,
and Fuenterabia. Serred in Syria in 1840-41-42, on the staff as major
and assiatant-adjutant-general, for which he lecelyed a gold medal from
the Sultan, which he received permisdon to wear. Was member of
Parliament for Weymouth, from 1847 to 1869, and waa knighted for
his parliamentary serrioea. Sir William died in 1862, and a monu-
ment is erected to his memory in the cemeteiy at Weymouth. It bean
the following inscription :—

EuoRD

BT
ThS IvHAUTASTS of THV BoBOUOH AMD Towv

OF Wbtmoutb ahd HxLooMBn Bion
To TBI Memobt

CoLONXL SIB WILLIAM LOCKTEB FBEESTUK,

Who Died 16th of Apbil^ 1862,

AoBD 66.

He represented the Borough in Flarliament

from 1847 tiU 1869.

He was a brave soldier, a iaithful representative,

a generous friend, and a benefactor to the poor.

FuLLABTOH. William FulUrtou Fullartou. Endgn, 8th of January,
1866. Served in the Indian Mutiny, including the relief of Lucknow
by Lord Clyde, operations at Cawnpore; passage of the Kala Nuddee
and occupation of Futtehgurh ; siege and capture of Lucknow, with
storming of the Begum*s palace ; Bohilcund campdgn to the capture
of Bareilly ; campaign in Oude, including actiona of Pusgaon, Bussul-
pore, and evacuation of Fort Miitowlie; became lieutenant, 21st of
February, 1860 ; captain, 9th of August, 1878 ; and retired with the
rank of major, 19th of October, 1878. Major Fullarton haa the Indian
medal with clasps for the relief and capture of Lucknow.

■■IW>^A^P^1*M

382 HISTQBICAL B]SCOBDS OF THB

G^scLEB. Alfred GasdoQ. Ensign, 9th of January^ 1863. Served
with the 93rd ip the Easofsd campaign, and at the Umbeyla pass.
Subsequently joined the Bengal Staff Corps; was staff officer to the
Erector of transports on the highlands throughout the Abysdnian
campaign in 1868, and was present at the capture of Magdala ; was
with the Hazara field force in 1868 ; with the 4th Punjab Infantry at
the surprise of the Bezotee village of Gara on the 25th of February^
1869 (mentioned in despatches, and thanked by the Governor-general)^
with the 4th Punjab Infantry throughout the Jowaki Afreedee expedi-
tion of 1877-78 (mentioned in despatches). Served throaghout the
Afghan war of 1878-80, in the qoartermaster-generars depiirtmenti
and was present at the engagements at Ahmed Kheyl and Dorzop, near
Ghttzni (mentioned in despatches), at the reconnaissance on 31st of
August, 1880, near Gandahar, and at the battle of Candahar (men*
iioned in despatches, and brevet of major). Major Gaselee has the frontier
medal with two clasps, the Abysriman medal, the Afghan medal with
two clasps, and bronze decoration.

Geils. Thomas William Geils. Ensign, 28th of November, 1834;
lieutenant, 28th of April, 1837 ; captain, 1st of July, 1842. To 37th
regiment in 1848.

•

GiBB. John Gibb. Ensign, 4th of February, 1808 ; lieutenant,
10th of April, 1810. (1813.)

GoLDiB. (George Patrick Gh>lcUe. Ensign, 24th of April, 1840;
captain, 21st of August, 1849. Exchanged to 93rd from the 16th
regiment, and retired in 1852.

Goldsmith. Oliver Goldsmith. Ensign, 28rd of March, 1866.
Was with the 9drd in the Crimea after the fall of Sebastopol ; served
as a lieutenant in the Indian Mutiny, and was severely wounded in the
left arm at the relief of Lucknow. He served with the 50th regiment
in the New Zealand war in 1863-64 ; became a captain, 25th of April,
1865, and was in the military train. (Deceased.) Captain Goldsmith
had the Indian medal with one dasp and the New Zealand medaL

GoooB. George Cecil Gooch. Ensign, 29th of March, 1856 ; lieo-
tonant, 23rd of October, 1855. Was with the regiment in the Crimeik
after the (all of Sebastopol ; served during the Indian Mutiny, including
the action of Bunnee, relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde, with assault!
on the Secundrabagh and Shah Nujjif, defeat of the Gwalior*oontin-
gent at Cawnpore, and pursuit to Serai Ghat; affair at the Ka1»
Nuddee; siege of Lucknow, including the storming of the Begum'a
palace; Rohilcund campaign to the capture of Bareilly ; campaign in

93BD BUTHEBLAin) HIQHLAKDEB8. 888

Oode, iDcludiDg aeil<mft of' Poagaon, Rnssolpore and eaptara of IV«i
IfitiowUe. Appointed paymaster 44tli regiment, 9th of Iteoenliier,
1862. It now on the half-pay list^ and baa the rank of major. Major
Oooch baa the Indian medid« with daspe for the relief and caplnre of
Lncknow.

(}oBDOir. Alexander Gordon^ from lieutenant 16th Foot» waa pro-
moted to a captaincy in the 93rd on its formation. Became bremt*
major» 1st of Januaiy, 1812; and majcnr, 10th of Febmaiy, ISli.
Retired in 1822.

GoanoH. Gbarlet Gordon. Ensign, 22nd of Jane, 1800; Hea-
tenant» 16th of October; 1812; capUin^ 28th of Fehniaiy, 1828.
Serred with the 93rd in the American war. 1814-lS, and waa aefenlj
wounded in the left cheek at New Orleansi on the 8th of January, 181ft.
Retired on full pay in 184L

Gordon. Charles Gordon. Ensign, 9th of March, 1814. (1810.)

GoBDOv. Honorable Sir Cbarles Gordon, Knight llajcr fai the
regiment, 9.th of August, 1821 ; a brevet lieutenant^olonel of 16th of
NoTember, 1816 ; lieutenant>oolonel, 26th of December, 1822. (1826.)
Was subsequently appointed to the 42nd Royal Highlanders, and died
while in command of that regiment

Gordon. Charles Henry Gordon. Ensign, 24th of Korember,
1836. Served with the 93rd in the Canadian rebellion in 1888» indiid-
ing the march into the district of Beauhamois, and the capture of tho
mill at Presoott, with tbe force under Colonel Honourable H. Dunda^
83rd regiment ; became brevet-major, 20th of June, 1864; and major,
10th of October, 1864 ; served in the Eastern campdgn of 1864, and up
to 11th uf July, 1866, including the battles of Alma and Belaolava,
expedition to the Sea of Atof, capture of Kertch and Yenikale, and
siege of Sebastopol ; served in the Indian campaign under Sir Colin
Campbell, from September, 1867, to April, 1868 ; was appointed to the
command of the 63rd regiment during all the active operatione of the
relief of Lncknow, from 13th to 26th of November, 1867, for which he
was made a Companion of the Bath ; with the 93rd at Cawnpore in
December, including the battle on the 6th, and at the capture ofLock-
now ; commanded the left wing of the regiment at the storming of the
Begum's palace; was specially mentioned in despatches as command*
ing a part of the Odrd in dislodging the enemy from their last positimi
in Lucknow. For several years he commanded the Highland depOi
battalion, to which belonged that of the 98rd, and retired with the rank

M^iflk^ffHk^^KMMM

384 HISTORICAL BECOBDS 09 THE

of major-general in 1869. Major-general G. H. Gordon has the Grimeaa
medal with three claepe, Turkish medal, fifth class of ihe Madjidie^ and
the Indian medal with two clasps.

GoBDOH. George Augustus Gordon. Endgn^lSth of September,
1840. Retired in 1848.

GoBDOV. Herbert Spencer Gompton Gordon. lientenant. Entered
the service, 29th of March, 1876.

GoBDOir. John Gh>rdon. Promoted firom ooloar-M)geant to be an
enidgn, 5th of Kovember, 1854. Serred with the regiment in the
GHmea, and became a lieutenant, 17th of April, 1866 ; ssrved also in
the Indian Mutiny, and was present at the relief of I^icknow; oper»*
tions at Cawnpore, and battle of the 6th of December, 1867 ; pursuit to
Send Ghat; passage of the Eala Nuddee and occupation of Futteh-
gurh, where he died. He was in possesion of the Crimean medal, with
clasps for Alma, Balaclava and Sebastopol, and Turkish medaL

GoBDOV. John Gh>rdon Wolrige-Gordon. Seooiid-&eatenant,22nd
of January, 1879 ; lieutenant, 1st of July, 1881.

GoBDOH. Robert William Thew Gordon. Endgn,26thoCFebniaiy,
1858 ; lieutenant, 5th of November, 186L Served with ihe regiment
in the Eusoizai campaign in 1863-64, and at the Umbeyla pass;
captun, 29th of October, 1873 ; accompanied Sir Garnet Wolseley to
the Gold Coast in September, 1873, on special service, and served
throughout the first phase of the Ashantee war ; ndsed at Sierra Leone
native contingents for Wood's and Russell's regiments; was present at
the repulse of the Ashanti army at Abrakrampa during the 5th and
6th of November; the reconnaissances in force of the 8th and 27th of
November (mentioned in despatches and brevet of major, dated 1st of
April, 1874). Major R. W. T. Gordon was brigade-major at Malta
from 12th of August, 1876, to 24th of September, 1876 ; appointed
brigade-major, Aldershot, from 25th of September, 1876; receivod Her
Majesty's commission as British member of the European commission
in Turkey to delimitate the southern boundary of eastern Roumelta,
on the 27 th of September, 1878, and was employed on this work from
that date to 31st December, 1878; resumed his appointment at Aldei^
shot 1st of January, 1879, returning to Turkey 27th of March. The
delimitation was completed on tbe 25th of October, 1879. Major
Gordon received a letter from the Marquis of Salisbury expresdng the
" entire approval of Her Majesty's government'* of the manner in which
he had discharged his duties on the oommissSoD. The acknowledg-
ment of His Royal Highness the Command«r-ln«Ckdef of the ** very

x*««»l

I t - I r • •• —"•'• ■"■■■*' ■■!■'■■■ i*-^*.fc^fcfc-». Mil >iiiiii^ I iif

tam..JtM0j^

93BI> 8UTHEBLAND HIOHLANDEB8. 385

faToaimbU tenoft ** In wbleh he bad been reported upon by tb« bigh
oomminion, wm oooTejed to him in a letter fnm the military aecretary.
Waa appointed oommladoner Niooeia, Cyprua, 10th of Norember,
1879. Earing been promoted to a majority on the amalgamation of
the Sutherland and Argyll Hlghlandera, he resigned his appdntment
in Older to rejoin the rqpment, 81st of Deoember, 1881* He has the
Fkontier medal with dasp for Umbeyla, and the Ashanti medaL Is
now serving with the army in Egypi.^

Ck»DOV. Robertson Gordon. Qnartermastery 24th of April, 1828.
Diedinl88L

GoBDOir. William Gordon. From hospital matOi was appdnted
saigeon of the regiment on its formation.

GouLDur. FrandsAtterboryQoulden. Ensign, 10th of Deoember,
1825 ; lieutenant, 18th of January, 1834. To 75th regiment in 1884.

•

Graham. John Graham. From eaptdn in the 90th, was promoted
to a majority in the 93rd on ita formation in 1800, and remained a
major in the regiment nnUl 1806.

Graht. Charles Grant. From lieutenant, 23rd Foot, was promoted
to a captaincy In the 9drd on Its formation.

Grart. Jamee Macpherson Grant. Ensign, 20th of Mardi, 1828;
lieutenant, 28th of September, 1830; captain, 25th of December, 1836.
ReUred in 183a

Grakt. Peter Grant Ensign, 23rd of May, 1813. (Army, 15th
of April, 1813.) (1815.)

Graybs. William Valentine Graces. Ensign, 6th of June, 1811 ;
lieutenant, 29th of July, 1813. Serred with the regiment at New
Orleans, and was severely wounded and taken prisoner on the 8th of
Jannaiy, 1815. (1817.)

Grkio. George Grdg. Ensign, 9th of March, 1855 ; lieutenant,
8th of January, 1858. Was with the regiment In the Crimea after the
fidl of Sebastopol ; .served during the Indian MuUny, indudlng the
relief of Locknow hj Lord Clyde, operations at Cawnpore and battle of
the 6th of December, 1857; pursuit to Serd Ghajb ; passage of the Eala
Kuddee and oocupation of Futtehgurh ; dege and capture of Lucknow;
Rohilcund carapdgn to the capture of Bareilly ; campaign In Oude^ In-
cluding actions of Pusgaon, Russulpore, and capture of Fort Mittowlie.
Retired in 1865. He has the Indian medd with two clasps.

^ See page 359.

2 C

I I

386 mSTOBICAL BECOBDS OF THB

Gbenieb. Lewis Grenier. Ensign, 22nd of Jaly, 1813 (army, Idth
of January, 1813) ; lieuienaQt, 9th of December, 1819. (1822.)

■

Gbethilx.. Charles GreymilL Ensign, 26th of June, 1806. (1807.)

Gribb. John Joseph Grier. Ensign, llth of September, 1817;
lieutenant, 9th of April, 1825 ; capUin, 3l8t of July, 1828 ; brerei-
major, 23i^ of IjToTember, 1841. Retired on full pay in 186L

Gbdcstok. Bolland Vincent Sylvester Grimston. Ensign, llth of
August, 1854; lieutenant, 8th of December, 1854. Served in the
Crimea from January, 1855 ; including the siege of Sebastopol, assault
of the 18th of June, and expeditions to Eertch ; also in the Indian
Mutiny campaign, including the relief of Lucknow, operations at
Cawnpore and battle of the 6th of December ; capture of Lucknoir,
when he was wounded at the assault of the Begum's palace ; campaign
in Bohilcund to the capture of Bareilly. Became captain, 10th of
December, 1858 ; exchanged to 9th regiment in 1859, and retired in
March, 1861. Was adjutant of the Leicestershire militia froin May,
1865, to September, 1876 ; and is now chief constable of that county.
Captain Grimston has the Crimean medal with clasp for Sebastopol,
Turkish medal, and the Indian Mutiny medal with two clasps.

Gumr. James Gunn. Ensign, Slst of March, 1803 ; lieutenant,
22Qd of December, 1804 ; captain, 26th of May, 1813. (1823.)

GuvK. William Gunn. Lieutenant in the army, 22nd of August,
1815 ; quartermaster 93rd, 18th of November, 1824. Died in 1826.

GuTHBiK. William Guthrie. Ensign, 22nd of April, 1826. (1827.)

Halidat. William Bobert Haliday. Ensign, 12th of February,
1830 ; lieutenant, 3rd of March, 1833, and as such exchanged to the
93rd in 1834. (1846.) He became a lieutenant-general, 1st of October,
1877, and died in 187a

Haldakb. Alexander. Henry Haldana. Ensign, 20th of July,
1855. Served as a lieutenant with the 2nd (Queen's Boyals) during the
campaign of 1860 in North China, including the taking of Tangku,
actions of the 18th and 21st of September, and surrender of Pekin ;
captain let of April, 1870, and was appointed to the 93rd Irom half-pay,
31st of October, 1871. Is now in the Army Pay Department. Captain
Haldane has the medal for China with two daspa,

Halkett. Alexander Halkett. From major in the 15th Foot, was
promoted into the 93rd when the regiment was raised in 1800,
and renuuned its lieutenant-colonel until 1810.

»m » mmim

jBLfiL if ^ 1 M. . - J.T '. I . / ' . **■ '*' L * ^'' ^' . " y * iiJL! ? ?.y. ' ■ ' ■■ *'' ' ^ ** ^ * ^ '' - ' ! f*'' y ?^**^** * * • ' -yf^f ''^'^*^ T!**'!' T'."^ * -L'^'^

■q>

93BD BUTHEBLAND mOHLANDEB& 387

Hamiltoh. John Hamilton. Ensign^ 6th of September^ 1805 ;
liaatfinant, 28th of October, 1807. (1809.) - •

Hamiltov. Robert Hamilton. Lieutenant Odrd, let of Augnat,
1822. (Army, 2drd of February, 1809.) (1824.)

Hakkat. Ormelie Campbell Hannaj. Ensign, 5th of October,
1867 ; captain, 17th of November, 1878. Was employed on tpecial
terrice in Zululand from May to October, 1879, for which he haa
reoeiTed the medaL

Hartb. Edward Harte. En^gn, 14th of Ifay, 1804 ; lieutenant,
10th of September, 1805; captain, lOth of February, 1814; retired in
1830.

Habtli. John F. Hartle. Ensign, 21st of February, 1834 ; lieu-
tenant, 11th of November, 1836; sdjutant, 28th of January, 1848 ;
promoted to be captain, 2nd West India Begiment, 10th of January,
1851 ; appointed staff officer of pensioners in 1855, and retired in 1861.

HABTin. Charles Hastie. Before entering the army was a mid-
shipman in the royal navy. Ensign, 2nd of November 1855. Served
during the Indian Mutiny, and was present at the relief of Lucknow
by Lord Cly()e, operations at Cawnpore, and battle of the 6th of.
December, 1857 ; pursuit to Serai Ghat, passage of the Kala Nuddee,
and occupation of Futtehgurh ; siege and capture of Lucknow; was
wounded at the Begum's palace ; Bohilcund campaign to the capture
of Bareilly ; bf«ame a lieutenant, 23rd of November, 1860, and retired
in 1865. He has the Indian medal with two daspa.

Hat. Alexander Sebastian Leith Hay, son of Sir Andrew Ldth
Hay, of Bannes, and Leith Hall, Aberdeenshire. Ensign, 25th of De-
cember, 1835. As a subaltern served with the 93rd in the Canadian
rebellion and was present at the affair at Prescott; captain, 3lBt of
March, 1848; major, 21st of October, 1853 ; and in that rank was
present at the batties of Alma and Balaclava; became lieutenant-
colonel, 12th of December, 1854, and commanded the regiment at the
final assault on Sebastopol; also during the Indian Mutiny, including
the relief of Lucknow, defeat of the Gwalior contingent at Cawnpore,
and pursuit to Serai Ghat, passage of the Kala Nuddee and occupation
of Futtehgurh ; and siege of Lucknow, including storming of the
Maninidre and Begum*s palace ; Bohilcund campaign ; and commanded
the Highland brigade at the battle of Bareilly, and a brigade during
the campaign in Oade in the autumn of 1858 and early part of 1859 ;
was promoted to the brevet rank of colonel, 16th of April, 1858,

•!

! (

I »■

I <

388 HISTOBIOAL BEOOBDS OF THB

and was made a ComiMuiion of the Bath for his services daring the
Mutiny. He retired from the service in 1860. Colonel Leith Haj,
now of Leith Hallf J.P. and deputy-lieatenant for the county of
Aberdeen, has the Crimean medal with three clasps, Turkish medal,
5th class of the Medjidie, the Indian medal with two clasps, and is
a Knight of the Legion of Honour.

Hat. Charles Crawfurd Hay. Entered the army as an ensign,
27th of June, 1824 ; became a major-general, 26th of October, 1868 ;
lieutenant-general, 20th of January, 1867; and colonel of the OSrd,
29th of August, 1868. He died in 1878. .

Hat. Dunlop Hay. Ensign, i4th of March, 1856. Served with
the regiment during the Indian Mutiny, including the relief of
Lucknow by Lord Clyde, storming of the Secundrabagh and Shah
Nujjif^ operations at Cawnpore, where he was slightly wounded,
action of the Eala Nuddee, occupation of Futtehgurh, siege of Luck-
now, including storming of the Begum's palace; Bohilcund campaign,
to the capture of Bareilly ; campaign in Oude, with affairs of Pusgaon,
Bussulpore, and capture of Fort Mittowlio ; became lieutenant, 15th
of February, 1861 ; and was promoted to a captaincy in the 78th
Highlanders, 14th of March, 1873. Capt^n Dunlop Hay has the
Indian medal with two clasps.

Hat. James Hay. Endgn, 12th of April, 1810 ; lieutenant, 26th
of May, 1818. Served with the regiment at New Orleans, and was
severely woundedon the 8th of January, 1815. (1816.)

Hat. Bobert Biyce Hay. Ensign, 1st of December, 1846.
Betired in 1848.

Hathes. Edward Court Haynes. Ensign, 25th of May, 1855 ;
lieutenant, 2nd of November, 1855. Served during the Indian Mutiny,
and was present at the relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde^ battle of
Cawnpore, and pursuit to Serai Ghat ; action of Eala Nuddee, occupation
of Futtehgurh; siege and capture of Lucknow, including storming of
the Begum's palace ; BohUcund campaign to the battle of Bareilly ;
campaign in Oude, including actions of Pusgaon, Bussulpore, and eapture
ofFurt Mittowlie; Eusofaai campaign of 1868-4; became a captain,
8th of June, 1867; and is now serving In the Army Pay Department.
Captain Haynes has the Indian medal with two clasps and the Frontier
medal with clasp for Umbeyla.

Hbad. Charles Head. Ensign, llt*h of April, 1811 ; lieutenant^
3rd <^ June, 1818. (1826.)

ii|<pi>it ii 11^ I II ■iiffi I wwii^Bi mw , ^1 ml I' m III mt i fiw inj, <r - r*in — liyr lb ■ ' ' i r'x B'lrti >*j^'— -* — - -jrriT.a

93bd sutheblakd Highlanders. 389

HiDDBEicK. John Hedderi^k. Ensign, 16th of May, 1805 ; lieu-
tenant^ 11th of September, 1806; captain, 18tli of March, 1815.
(1816.) Serred with the regiment at the capture of the Gape of
Good Hope, where he was wocnded.

HiMiONoa. William Hemminge. Lieutenant, 29th of August,
1816 ; and army, 17th of August, 1815. (1817.) Lieutenant Hem-
mings was present at the battle of Waterloo, for which he had the
medsl.

HiCHKNa. Thomas Hichens. From endgn, 48th Foot| was pro-
moted to a lieutenancy in the 93rd on its formation ; became captain,
21st of February, 1805 ; was killed at New Orleans on the 8th of
January, 1815.

Hill. Charles William HilL Lieutenant 93rd, Ist of December,
1825 ; army, 29th of July, 1813 ; retired in 1826.

HiLU George Henry Hawtrey HilL Ensign, 8th of June, 1867 ;
sold out, 1869.

HiBLOP. Sir Thomas Hislop, Bart., G.CJ3. Lieutenant-general;
colonel of the 93rd from February 8th to June 4th, 1822. Senred at
Gibraltar during the bombardment and siege; was present at the
surrender of various islands in the West Indies, and reoeiTed a medal
for Gnadaloupe, He perfor^ned distinguished serTice in the Flndaree
and Mahratta war.

HoNTHAN. Robert Honyman. BreTet-lieutenant-colonel of 29th
of April, 1802 ; major in the 93rd, 20th of January, 1808. Serred at the
capture of the Cape of Good Hope, where he was wounded. (1807.)

Hood. Thomas Cockbum Hood. Ensign, 17th of NoTember,
1863 ; lieutenant, 22nd of June, 1867 ; exchanged to the 48th regiment.
Is now a captain in the South Lancashire Regiment

Hope. Honourable Adrian Hope, son of General Sir John Hope,
K.C.B^ fourth Earl of Hopetoun, Colonel of the 42nd Roys! Highlanders,
who was created Baron Niddry for his distinguished serrices during
the Ptdiinsula war. Adrian Hope entered the army as 2nd lieu-
tenant, 23rd of November, 1838; and became a captain, 20th of
December, 1844. Serred with the 60th Royal Rifles in the Kaffir war,
1851-^, and was promoted to a brevet majority, 28th of May, 1858.
In the Crimea was brigade-major to Sir William Eyre up to 23rd
of April, 1855; and was promoted to a brevet-lieutenant-oolonelcy*

Il'l.'

>jfc<h*^A« <H^«i>-

) :

390 HISTORICAL BEOOBDS OF THB

Was appointed second lieutenant-oolonel of the SSrd on the retirement
of Colonel AinsUe, and joined the regiment in the Crimea in Marob,
1856 ; acconlpAnied it to India in 1857 ; and served with great distino-
tion during the Mutiny. He commanded the 4th Infantry Brigade (of
which the 93rd formed part) at the relief of Lucknow, at Cawnpoie,
passage of the Eala Nuddee, and occupation of Futtehgurh ; commanded
a brigade also at the siege of Lucknow (to which the 93rd helongedX
and in the Bohilcund campaign, until he was killed in action at
Booyah, on the 16th of April, 1858. He was promoted to the rank of
colonel and made a Companion of the Bath, 24th of March, 1858.

HuHB. Charies Hume. Ensign, 5th of October, 1815. (1823.)

HuMPHRKTS. John Humphreys. Enngn, 11th of April, 1810i
Army, 3rd of August, 1809. (1812.)

Htblop. Maxwell Wither Hyslop. Enrign, 8th of December,
1854* Served as a lieutenant at the siege of Sebastopol-; also during
the Indian Mutiny, including the relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde^
defeat of the Gwalior contingent at Cawnpore and pursuit to Serai
Ghat; campaign in Oude, including actions of Pusgaon, Bussnlpora,
and capture of Fort Mittowlie; became captain, 2lBtof December,
1860 ; brevet-major, 6th of January, 1874 (wbile on half-pay). Is now
on the retired list with the rank of lieutenant-coloneL Lieutenant*
Colonel Hyslop has the Crimean medal with dasp for Sebastopol,
Turkish medal, the Indian medal with clasp for the relief of Lucknow,
and the Frontier medaL

Ikous. Qeorge Inglis. Assistant-surgeon, 29th of July, 1818.
(18ia)

Ikkxs. William Mitchell Innes. Ensign, 2nd of May, ]ft85:
lieutenant, 13th of June, 1868. Betired in 1874.

Ibelamd. James Ireland. Ensign and adjutant^ 25th of April,
1813 ; lieutenant, 17th of March, 1815. Died in 1827.

Ibvike. Thomas Irvine. Second lieutenant, 22nd of Januaiy,
1881 ; lieutenant^ 1st of July, 1881.

Ja£DOwbki. Bronislaw James Jazdowskl. Assistant-sorg^on in
the regiment from 1863 to 1870. Became a surgeon-major, 16th of
September, 1875. He has the Frontier medaL

Jeffrey. Francis Jeffrey. From hosptal mate waa appointed
assistant-surgeon on tbe formation of the regiment.

• 1

«•*■«•■

i>iiBiifci*i n n mt ^ \ u ti m'tnnm iip n ^fc»^ ■ ■ w,^...>, , , ..^^ ^f^ i' n n ^1 1 II - 'nmf i r ag i ^

93bd suthebland Highlanders. 391

Jbphsoit. BiclMrd Jephaon. EntSgn^ 22nd of liarch, 1827.
BeUred in 1831.

JoHirsoii. CharlM C. Johnaon. Major 93rd, 26th of December,
1822. (1823.)

JoHNSTOH. David JolmetoD. Enngn, 4th of August, 1804. (1806.)

JoBKtTOV. John Bolle Johnston. Lieutenant, 19th of September,
1828. To half-pay, 7th of July, 1838.

JoHiwrovB. Qeorge Johnstone. Lieutenant-oolonel 3rd of Hay,
1810, with rank In the army from 9th of July, 1803 ; colonel, 1st of
January, 1812. (1814.)

JoTirsB. John Joyner. Was promoted from qnartermaster-sergeant
to be quartermaster of ihe regiment, 6th of July, 1866. Served with
the 93rd in the Crimea, including the battles of Ahna, Balaclara, and
siege of Sebastopol ; In the Indian Mutiny campaign, and was present
at the relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde ; operations at CawnporOi and
pursuit to Sersl Ohat; passage of the Kala Nuddee, and occupation
of Futtehg^rh ; siege and capture of Lucknow ; Rohilcund campaign
to the capture of Bar^lly ; campaign in Oude, including actions of
Pusgaon, Rnssulpore, and capture of Fort.Mittowlie. Appointed pay-
master 29th of May, 1863 ; became a sta£F paymaster in the Army
Pay Department, and has retired with the honorary rank of lieutenant-
colonel. Lieutenant-Colonel Joyner has the (Mmean medal with
three clasps, Turkish meda],'and Indian medal with two dasps. (His
name was spelt " Joiner " for many years in the regiment.)

KiNNAiKD. James Einnidrd. Promoted to be quartermaater,
6th of May, 1882.

EiBBT. Franklin Enight Kirby. Ensign, 16th of June, 1864 ;
lieutenant, 10th of November, 1864. Died in the (Mmea, 16th of
February, 1866.

Kkollts. William Wallingford Knollys. Served with the Scotch
Fusilier Guards in the Crimea, and exchanged into the 93rd in 1868^
as a captain, joining at the close of the Indian campaign. He became
lieutenant-colonel of the regiment on the 16th of February, 1878^ and
retired on half-pay 1st of January, 1879. Lieutenant-Colonel Knollya
has the Crimean and Turkish medals with clasp for SebastopoL He
la well know4 in literary circles, and Is the author and editor of
various works.

Lamb. Bruce Lamb. Ensign, 17th of June, 1813 ; lieutenant,
25th of September. 1817. (1834.)

'it I J ' %:^y;.AJl>toi >,ii.<*»..-ijiM*i >Wi^\»*y>K'M>*—

392 HISTORICAL BECX)BDS OF THB

Leslie. Angus Leslie. Ensign, 12tb of Marchy 1812; lieutenant^
} lOth of February, 1814. (1817.)

Leyinob. Charles Hugb Levinge. Ensign, 2nd of April, 1846 ;
lieutenant, 19tb of February, 1847 ; captain, lOtb of June, 1867.
Served with tbe 29tb Begiment in tbe Punjab campaign, including
battles of Cbillianwallah and Goojerat ; ezcbanged to the 93rd as a
captain in 185a Betiied in 1862. Captain Levinge has tbe Punjab
medal with two clasps.

Llotd. James John Lloyd. Ensign, 16tb of April, 1841 ; lieu*
tenant, 19th of May, 1846. To Boyal Canadian Bifles hi 1848.

Llotd. Thomas Prince Lloyd. Endgn, 2drd of July, 1861;
lieutenant, 29tb of November, 1864. Exchanged to the. 60th Boyal
Bifles in 1871 ; became a captain in that corps 29th of January, 1879 ;
is now in the Army Pay De|)artment. He served as paymaster with
the 2nd battalion of the 60th in the Afghan war, 1878*80, and took
part in the advance on and occuixition of Candahar and Khelat-i-
Qhilzie; accompanied Sir Frederick Boberts in the march to Canda-
har, and was present at the battle there. Captain Lloyd has received
the Afghan medal with clasp, and the bronze decoration*

LosACK. Charles Warner Lorack. Ensign, 1st of March, 1865 ;
lieutenant, 27th of July, 1865. Served with tbe regiment during the
Indian Mutiny ; was present at the action of Kudjwa, relief of Luck-
now by Lord Clyde, defeat of the Gwalior contingent at Cawnpore,
and pursuit to Serai Ghat ; affair of the Kala Nuddee ; siege of Luck-,
now ; Rohilcund campaign to the capture of Bardlly ; btcame captain
29th of November, 1864, and retired from the army in 1868. Ha
has the Indian medal wiUi two clasps.

Lowe. Sir Hudson Lowe, K.CB. Colonel of the regiment from
4th of June, 1822, to July 22nd, 1832; lieutenant-general, 22nd of
July, 1830. He was present at the attack on Martello Tower, storm-
ing of Convention Bedoubt, and the sieges of Bastia and OalvL Served
in the expedition to Egypt, and was present in the principal occur-
rences of that campaign ; accompanied the expedition to tiie Bay of
Naples, and commanded the first line of the advance; he was at the
capitulation of Ischia, and subsequentiy at the surrender d Zanta
! and Cephalonii^ He was Governor of St. Helena at the time of

Napoleon's captivity. ^

LowEK. C^rge Lowen. Captain, 15th of January, 1818, and
army, 30th July, 181 1. Betired in 1828,

!<»*■— t—<iM»^MM<MlfcMaa*iOM>MiM If fla mnifc*— >wit*iilh— haAiaB— MBiiifca^MaOfc**

93rd 81ITHEBLAND HIGHLANDERS. 898

Lownn. Charles WillUm Selby Lowndet. Ensign, Sth of
Kovember, 1861 ; captain, 1st of April, 1876. (1882.) ^ Is now a
major in tbs 1st Battalion Highland Light Inlantry.

LuNT. T^UIam Lunt Was promoted from sergeant in the 3rd
Foot Guards to be an ensign in the 93rd on the formation of the
regiment, and was at the sane time appointed to the adjntantcj;
became lieutenant 16th of March, 1804 ; captain, 21st of January,
1813, and retired in 1836.

Ltsaost. William Lyssght Ensign, 23rd of October, 1817.
Retired in 1819.

Hacbeav. Alfred Macbean. Endgn, 19tii of March, 1816. (1821.)

McBbak. William McBean. A native of loTemess, enlisted in the
93rd on the 3rd of February, 1835 ; became corporal, 7th of November,
1839 ; sergeant, 22nd of March, 1844 ; colour-sergeant, 26th of June,
1862, and having by his exemplary good conduct and seal obtuned the
respect and esteem of all in the corps, was promoted ensign, 11th of
August, 1864, at the age of 36 years. Being left behind at Varna, he did
not arrive in the (Mmea tiU the winter of 1864 ; became lieutenant^ 8th
of December, 1864, and adjutant, 16th of February, 1866, in which
ca|)acity he served at the siege of Sebastopol and during the greater
part of the Indian Mutiny, becoming a captain 16th of April, 1868;
brevet-major, 10th of August, 1860; brevet-lieutenant-colonel, 14th
of July, 1671 ; regimental major, 8th of June, 1872, and succeeded to
the lieutenant-colonelcy of the regiment on the 29Ui of October, 1873,
commanding it for four years, when he received the brevet of colonel,
and retired on a pension of £420 a year, and the honorary rank of
major-general, on tiie 16th of February, 1878. As few weeks subse*
quently he was granted a good service pension of £100 a year in
addition. Major-General McBean ^ed st Woolwich on the 22nd of
June, 1878, thus scsrcely living to enjoy his well-earned pension ; and
as a special mark of respect to his memory and appredation of his
services, he received the honour of a full military funend. Ha was
in possession of the Crimean medal with clasp for Sebastopol, 6th
class of the Medjidie and Turkish medal ; the Indian medal with
clasps for the relief and capture of Lucknow, and the Victoria Gross
awarded him ^* for distinguished personal bravery in killing eleven of
the enemy with his own hand in the main breach of the Begum Bagh
at Lucknow on the 11th of March, 1868.**

Macbbav. William Aubrey Alfred Mscbean. Lieutenant;
entered the service as second lieutenant, Ist of May, 1878.

. McDonald. Charles William McDonald, son of Sir John

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394

HISTOSIOAL BECOBDS OF THB

}

McDonald, formerly oommandiDg the &2nd Highlandere. Ensign ,
16tb of April, 1652 ; lieutenant/ lltb of August, 1854. Served with
the regiment in the Crimea, and became a captain, 23rd of March,
1655. Served also in the mutiny until the 11th of March, 1858,
when he was killed at the storming of the Begum's Palace, Lucknow.
He had passed scathless hitherto, but on this day he received three
wounds, the last of which was fatal He was in possession of the
Crimean medal, with clasps for Alma, Balaclava, and Sebastopol, and
Turkish medaL

McDonald. Qeorge McDonald. A lieutenant in the regiment,
19th of September, 1805, (1806.)

McDonald. Qeorge McDonald. Ensign, 16th of February,
1809. (1611.)

Macdonald. John Macdonald. A lieutenant, 21st of May, 1812 ;
captain, 8th of June, 1820. Served with the regiment at New
Orleans, and was severely wounded and taken prisoner on the 8th of
January, 1815. (1821.)

Macdokald. William Macdonald, a native of Lurg, Sutherland-
shire. Enlisted into the 93rd in December, 1812 ; became sergeant-
major ; and was promoted to be quartermaster, November 16th, 1826 ;
was appointed adjutant with the rank of ensign, August 2drd, 1827.
He held the position of adjutant for the long period of 21 years ;
became captain, 3rd of December, 1847, and retired on full pay with
the rank of major, June 11th, 1852.

Macdonald. Qeorge Macdonald, brother of the adjutant.
Enlisted in 1824, and was promoted to be quartermaster, 13th of
December, 1839. (To half-pay, 22nd of March,"1844.) Was after-
wards Staff Officer of Pensioners at Thurso, Cidthness.

Macdonald. Honourable William Bosville Macdonald. Ensign,
23rd of October, 1835 ; lieutenant, Ist of June, 1838 ; retired in 1839.

Macdonald. William Donald Macdonald. Ensign, 4th of June,
1847 ; captain, 10th of October, 1854. Served in the Crimea as
provost-marshal ; promoted to brevet-major, 25th of December, 1856.
Deputy-assistant-adjutant-general to the forces in China from 23rd
of March to 19th. of November, 1657; subsequently with (he 93rd
in the Indian Mutiny; brevet-lieutenant-colonel, 11th of September,
1860 ; and became a regimental major, 21st of December, I860. He
died of cholera at Camp Jaloozai on the 29th of October, during the

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93rd SUTHEBLAND HlGHLAKDBBa 395

MoDoimLU Alexander lloDonnelL A lieutenent, Tth of
November, 1805 ; capUiD, 26th of ICuch, 1816. (1816>

If ACDOHKBLL. Edward Hicbard MacdonnelL Lieatenant, 2iid
of April, 1818 (Army, 15th of September, 1813X

IfAoDoaoiLL. Stewart MftoDougall. Lieutenant; entered the
eerrioe 29th of NoTerober, 1878.*

McGowAji. John Anstrather McGowan. Endgn, 21et pf Feb-
ruary, 1840; lieutenant, 4th of Maroh, 1842. Serred with the 40th
raiment throughout the operations in Gandahar and Afghanistan in
1841-42, and was seTerely wounded at Gundamuck ; also at the battle
of Maharajpore, 29th of December, 1843; became captdn, 31st of
December, 1847 ; exchanged to 9drd, and serred at Alma, BakclaTa,
and Sebastopol ; ha was severely wounded and taken prisoner, by
tbe Russians on the night of the 6th of August, 1855, and died of his
wounds while in their hands on the 14th of Augnst He had been
promoted to the brevet rank of major, 12th of December, 1854. Ha
had a medsl for the A^han war, and the Maharajpore bronse star.

IfGaBGOB. Alexander Edgar M'Gregor. Ensign, 2nd of April,
1847 ; lieutenant, 29th of May, 1849 ; to 42nd Royal Highknders in
1852.

MagGrboob. Duncan MacGregor. Having served with the Qaa
Alpine Fencibles (at that time embodied and doing duty dmilar to a
regiment of the line) from July, 1799; was appointed to an endgnoy
in tbe 72nd Highbinders, 12th of July, 1800 ; lieutenant^ 31at of
August, 1802 ; became a capUin in the 78th, 17th of April, 1804.
Served in Sicily and Italy with that regiment in 1806, being present at
the skirmish of St. Euphemie; battle of Maida, where he was wounded
through the right shoulder by a musket-shot ; attack on Scylla Oastle,
and capture of Gatrone; in the campdgn of 1807 in Egypt, including
the attacks in the desert and siege of Rosetta ; campaign in Holland
in 1809, including the captures of Ter Vere and Flushing ; major 78th,
25th of November, 1813, and served in the Peninsula during part of
1813-14, and was at the capture of Corsica in May, 1814; went on
half-pay in 1816 ; major, 31st regiment, 29th of January, 1824, and

* See page 359.

\'\
I

epidemic of 1862. Lieutenant-colonel Macdonald had the Crimean

medal, with clasps for Alma, Balsdava, Inkarman, and Sebastopol ; j

Turkish medal, 5th cUss of the Medjidie, and the Indian medal with r

clasp for the capture of Lucknow. *

***^ ""^^■*'*'*^*N» «»<^ V . ^^IfcA .

896 HISTOBICAL BECX)BDS OF THE

emUurked witb the right wing of that regiment for India in Fehruarf*
1825, on board the Honourable East India Company's ship Kent This
ship, however^ took fire on the Ist of March, in the Bay of Biscay*
and was totally destroyed. When in expectation of immediate death,
before the yessel whidi afterwards rescued them was sighted. Major
MacGkegor wrote in pencil the following lines addressed to his father,
and enclosed them in a bottle :-*" The ship the Kent, Indiaman, is on
fire. Elizabeth, Joanna, and myself commit our spirits into the
hands of our blessed Bedeemer ; His grace enables us to be quite com-
posed in the awful prospect of entering eternity. (Signed) Dun.
McOreqor. Ist of March, 1825. Bay of Biscay." Happily a small
brig, the Cambria, Captain Cook, soon afterwards appeared, and the
1 greater part of those on board the Kent were saved. The bottle, left

( in the cabin, was cast into the sea by the explosion that destroyed the

i Kent It was picked up on Saturday, the dOth of September, 1826,

• at Bathsheba (a bathing place at Barbadoes), by a gentleman who was

f bathing. The letter, taken from the bottle thickly encrusted with

shells and seaweed, was returned to the writer when he arrived,
shortly after its recovery, at Barbadoes, as lieutenant-colonel of the
93rd Highlanders, and is stiU preserved by his son, who was at the
time of the loss of the Kent a child of only, five weeks old, and was
the first saved from the wreck. In reporting to the adjutant-general
the calamity that had befallen the troops under his command, for the
information of His Boyal Highness the Duke of York, Lieutenant-
Colonel Fearon says:—" It is some alleviation to our afflictions to be
enabled to state that the ori^n of the fire is in no way attributable to
the troops ; a pleasing part of my duty to bear testimony to tlie cool
and subordinate conduct of both officers and men under my command,
the former afibrding me every idd which so critical and trying an occa-
sion demanded, and none more so than Maj<»' MacQregor, to whose col-
lected counsel and manly example throughout this agonizing scene of
distress I feel greaUy indebted." * His son who was thus saved is John
' MacGregor, M.A., well known as ** Bob Boy," president of the Canoe
Club, who may be mentioned here as having been a ** child of the
regiment *' during the greater part of his boyhood, while his father
commanded the 93rd. Major MacGregor was promoted to be a lieu-
tenant-colonel on half-pay, 26th of May, 1825, and on the 23rd of
March, 1826, appointed lieutenant>colonel of the 93rd ; he became a
colonel by brevet 28th of June, 1838, and went on half-pay on the
27th of the following month. He attained the rsnks of major-
! general, llth of. November, 1851 ; lieuteoant-genenl, 12thjof Decem-

ber, 1857, and general, 28th of October, 1864. He held the office of
inspector-general of the Boyal Irish Constabulary for twenty years,

* Becords 31st iegfrnent

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93rd 8XJTHBBLAND HI0HLAKDER8. 397

from 1838 to 1868. He wm appdnted a Knight Commaiidflr of the
Bath.* Sir Duncan Ifacgr^gor died on the 8th of Jiine^ 1881, in hie
96th year.

If AonraoiH. Alexander Fisher ICacintoeh. Gomety 81ei. of
October, 1811 ; lieutenant, 11th of June, 1812. Senred with the
8rd Dragoon Guards in the Peninsula, from August, 1812, until the end
of the war in 1814, including the retreat from Salamanca, and action at
Alma de Tonnes, retreat of Ciudad Rodrigo and action at San If uno%
passage of the Tonnes above Salamanca, and attacks on the French
rear-guard under General VlUate, action at Hiwmasa before Burgos,
battle of Yittoria, investment of Pampeluna, action at Tarbee, attack
on the French caTalrj rear-guards at St. Gaudras, and battle of
Toulouse. Became captain, 9th of Jane, 1816 ; was a major in the
93rd for a short time, from 18th of September, 1823 ; major-general,
11th of NoTember, 1861; lieutenant-general, 2nd of August^ 1858;
and general, 27th of December^ 1864 ; colonel of the 93rd, from 3rd of
June, 1862, until his death on the 28th of August, 1868. General
Macintosh, who was a knight of the Boyal Hanorerian Guelphio
Order, had the Peninsula war medal with two clasps.

Mackat. Alexander Mackay. From lieutenant 92nd Foot, was
promoted to a capttdncy in the 93rd on its formation ; became breret*
major, 1st of January, 1812 ; major, 29th of September, 1814. (1817.)

Mackat. George Mackay. lieutenant, 26th of October, 1815;
ranking in the army from 15th of August, 1813. '(1816.)

Mackat. Hugh Mackay. Was appdnted quartermaster of the

■

regiment on its formation.

Mackat. Robert Mackay. Quartermaster, 3rd of June^ 1813;
ensign, 10th of March, 1814. Retired in 1816.

Mackechnib. Charles Mackechnie. Ensign, 16th of April, 1841 ;
lieutenant, 3rd of April, 1846 ; to 24th regiment in 1846^ and became
a captain, 15th of Mardi, 1853.

•

McKECHinB. William Burnett McKechnie. Ensign, 14th of
February, 1865. Died at Sepree in 1867.

Mackbkuk. Alexander Mackenaie. Was appointed to an en*

•

* He declined the Companlonsbip on the occation of the loss of
the Keutt as only one could be siven. Colonel Fearon, who recelTed
the distinction, wished Major MacGregor to take it. having himself
been obliged to leave sooner in consequence of an accident to his head
on board the ship.

i
I

'tl

**■■'*■- — ^^ ^ • 'I'l 1 1 I II fc I * I I . - '. ^ .^

398 HI8T0BIGAL BECOBDS OF THB

signcy on the formation of the raiment; became lieutenani, 26t]i of
November, 1802 ; captun^ 22nd of June, 1809. Serred with the
reg;iment at New QrlMnai and waa seyerely wounded on the 8th of
January, 1815. He died in 1818.

Mackenzik. Alexander Francis Mackende. Second lieutenant,
22nd of January, 1881 ; lieutenant^ let of July, 1881.

Mackenzie. Dugald Mackenzie. Ensign, 14th of January, 1806;
lieutenant, 9th of April, 18ia (1819.)

Mackenzde. Henry A. Bolton Mackemde. Ensign, 14th of April,
1846. Betired in 186a

Mackekzie. Waller Scott Mackenrie. Enugn, 11th of May,
1855 ; lieutenant, 17th of November, 1857. Served with the re^meni
during the Mutiny, including the action at the Eala Nuddee, occupation
of Futtehgurh, siege and capture of Lucknow, and was present at the
) stormiog of the Martini^re and Begum's palace ; ^mpaign in Oude

1 with capture of Fort Mittowlee, and action at Biswah. Was promoted

I to a half-pay captaincy, 8th of June, 1867« and shortiy afterwards

'' appointed to the 84th re^ment, and subseqnentiy retired. Appointed

a major in the Boyal London Militia, 25th of April, 1877. (Deceased.)
Major Mackenzie had the Indian medal with dasp for Lucknow.

Mackenzie. Dixon Stuart Beresfmd Mackenzie (brother of
Waller). Ensign, SOth of October, 1869 ; lieutenant, 28th of October^
1871. Betired in 1878.

I McKebbell. Beginald L'Estrange McKerrelL Second-lieu«

'j tenant, 6th of August, 1879 ; lieutenant^ 1st of July, 1881.

i • McKiKKON. Neil McKinnon. Ensign, 24th of June, 1802; lieu-

^ ' tenant, 14th of May, 1804 ; capUin, 25th of May, 181S. Betired in

; 1828.

MACKDrrosH. William Mackintosh. Ensign, 27th of January,
» 1814 ; quartermaster, 22nd of June, 1820. Served at the capture of

Martinique in 1809, and of Guadaloupe in 1810.

t >

MoLACHLAir.. Peter McLachlan, M.D. Surgeon 93ida^lst of

} December, 1825 ; army, 14th of December, 1824. (1826.)

I McLeak. Alexander Lachlan McLean. Ensign, 17th of March,

1804 ; lieutenant, 16th of May, 1806. (1807.) '

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93BD 8UTHSRLAND mGHIiAin>EB&

399

MoLiAF. Hagh H. If cLmui. Entigo, 7th of April, 1804 ; captidn
17th of Much, 1815. (1818.) Senred with the regiment at K«w
Orleuii» ind was wounded on the 8th cf Januar/, 181&

Maclbod. Donald Macleod. Wat appointed to an enalgncy on the
formation of the 93rd ; lieutenant, 27th of May, 1802 ; captain, 11th of
SepUmher, 1806. Betirad in 1818.

Maclbod. Hany Macleod, a native of Criech, Sntherlandshire.
Was promoted to he quartermaster of the ref^ment, 12th oi Jane, 1868.
Serred with the 83id in the Crimea ; was present at the hattles of
Alma and Balaclava, expedition to Kertch and Yenikale, dege of
Sebastopol, with the assaults of 18th ci June and 8th of Septemher,
1856 ; in the Indian Mutinj campaign, including the relief of Luck-
now hy Lord Clyde ; operations at Oawnpore and pursuit to Serai
Ghat ; passage of the Kda Nuddee, and occupation of Futtehgorh ;
siege of Lucknow ; campaign in Bohilcund to the hattle of Barnlly ;
campaign in Onde, with actions of Pusgaon, Bussulpore, and capture
of Fort Mittowlie ; also In Eusofieai, nnder Sir John Garrock. He is
now quartermaster of the 4th Battalion of the Scottish Bifles, and has
the honorary rank of captain. Captain Macleod has the Crimean
medal with three clasps, Turkish medal, Indian medal with two
clasps, and Frontier medal with clasp for Umheyla.

Maokamaba. Francu Bawdon Macnamara. Ensign, 28th of
December, 1855. Served in the Indian Mutiny, and was present at the
relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde, when he was wounded by a sabie-
cut on the head at the assault on the Secundrabagh ; operations at
Cawnpoie and battle of the 6th of December, 1857 ; pursuit to Serai
Ghat; passage of the Kala Kuddee and occupation of Futtehgurh;
siege and capture of Lucknow ; Bohilcund Campaign to the capture
of Bareilly. Became lieutenant, 18th of May, 1859; and captain^
14th of October, 1868 ; to half-pay in 1871. (Deceased.) Captain
Macnamam had the Indian medal with two clasps.

McPhxbson. Mueu McPherson. Ensign, 16th of December,
1805 ; lieutenant, 29di of October, 1807. (1815.)

Macpbbbsoh. David Macpherson. Endgn, 15th of June, 1809 ;
lieutenant, 9th of January, 1812. He served with the regiment at Kew
Orleans^ where he was wounded. (1817.)

Macphebsov. Evan Duncan Macpherson. Ensign, 11th of Novem-
ber, 1836 ; became captain, 7th of February, 1851 ; and retired in
1852.

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400

HISTORICAL BEGORDS OF THE

MACFHEBBOir. Ew6n Henry Dtvidaon Macpbenon, second ion of
Macpheraon of Cluny^ chief of his dan. Ensign, 8rd of November^
1864 ; lieutenant, 9th of February, 1866. Served with the regLment in
the Crimea from 14th of July, 1865, including the siege and fall of
Sehastopol ; also in the Indian Mutiny, including the relief of Lucknow
by Lord Clyde, operations at Gawnpore and battle of the 6th of
December, 1857 ; pursuit to Serai Qhat; action of theKala Nuddee;
uege and fall of Lucknow ; campaign in Oude, and attack on Fort
Mittowlie. Became captun, 13th of May, 1859 ; was ude-de-camp
to the Lieutenant-Goyemor of Bengal from 1st of June, 1869, tp
81st of May, 1862. Served in the Eusofzai campdgn of 1863, under
Sir John Garvock. Brevet-major, 6th of July, 1872 ; major, 29th of
October, 1873 ; and lieutcnant^colonel commanding, 1st of January,
1879. Lieutenant-colonel E. H. D. Macpherson has the Crimean
medal and dasp^ Turkish medal, Indian medal with two clasps, and
the Frontier medal with dasp for Umbeyla.

Magphsrsov. Fitzroy Miller Macpherson. Entered the regiment
as ensign, 8th of March, 1866 ; lieutenant, 2nd of November, 1856.
Served during the Indian Mutiny, including the relief of Ludcnow by
Lord Clyde, operations at Gawnpore and battle on the 6th of December,
1857; pursuit to Serai Ghat; passage of the Kala Nuddee, and
occupation of Futtehgurh ; si^ge and capture of Lucknow ; BohUcund
campaign to the capture of Bareilly ; campdgn in Oude, including
actions of Pusgaon, Russulpore, and capture of Fort Mittowlie. Was
adjutant from 16th of April, 1858, to 8th of June, 1872. Served in
the Eusofzai campaign, 1863-64 ; became captain in June, 1872, and
was seconded for service as adjutant of the Inverness Volunteers,
which appdntment he hdd at the time of his death in 1878. Gaptdn
Fitzroy Macpherson had the Indian medal with two dasps, and
the Frontier medal with dasp for Umbeyla.

Maoquaris. Lachlan Macquarie. Captain 93rd, 8th of June^
1826 ; army, 7th ci April, 1814. (1828.)

Macrae. Alexander Macrae, M.D.
November, 185a (1851.)

5th of

MaoVxcab. John Archibald MacVicar. Ensign, 17th of March,
1863 ; captain, 8th of March, 1876. Retired in l87a (Deceased.)

Maloolxbov. James Malcolmson. Was appointed paymaster of
the regiment on its formation. (1807.)

Maxk. George Mann. Surgeon, 10th of September, 1810. (1825.)

98bD 8UTHBBLAND HIOHLANDEB& 401

M AXUL. Bob Ghrifltopher ICanieL OapUin in the regimtnt^
6th of January, 1820 ; In the army, 4th of Fahruary, 1818. (182L)

MABTnr. fJohn Martin. Major 98rd, 10th of January, 1828.
(1822.) Mi^ Martin had Mrrad at tha battle of Waterloo^ for which
he had the medaL

Mazwsll. Ck>lin Maxwell Ensign, 26th of April, 1889; lien-
tenant, 27th of September, 1842 ; captain, 6th of March, 1852. BerTed
with the regiment in the Crimea, and was present at the battles of
Alma, BahKOaTa, and idege of SebastopoL (1866.)

Mbltillb. George John Whyte MelTille, afterwards well known
as the distinguished noyelist. Entered the regiment as endgn, 19th of
July, 1839 ; promoted to the Coldstream Guards as ensign and lien-
tenant, 11th of September, 1840. Was killed while hunting in 1879.

MixziBSb George Menziea. Ensign, 16th of October, 1812 ; lien-
tenant, 16th of March, 1816. (1817.)

MiDDLKTOX. Alired Harold Middleton. Ueutenant, entered the
service 28th of April, 1876 ; adjoUnt, 16th of March, 1879, to llth of
January, 1881 ; was adjutant and quartermaster of musketry detach-
ment, Curragh Camp, 12th of September, 1877, to 12th oi September,
1878. He has the Royal Humane Society's medal, awarded him for
having saved the life of a brother officer while stationed at Gibraltar.

MiDDLETov. William Gustavus Alexander Middleton, son of
Lieutenant-Colonel Middleton of the 42nd Boyal Highlanders. Ensign,
24th of July, 1846. Served in the Indian Mutiny, was present at the
Mtion of Bunnee, relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde^ operations at

2 D

{

I
1

< ;

:. •

MENzm. Robert Menziea. Asristant-surgeon, 24th of February,
1864. Served with the 9drd in the Crimea, including the battles of
Alma and Balsclava, and siege of Sebastopol; alio in the Indian
Mutiny campaign, including the relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde ;
operations at Cawnpore and battle of the 6th of December, 1867; pur-
suit to Serai Ghat; passage pf the Kala Kuddee, and occupation of
Futtehgurh ; siege and capture of Lucknow ; Bohikund campaign to
the capture of Bareilly; campaign in Code, including actions of
Pusgaon, Bussulpore, and capture of Fort Mittowlie. Ha became a
surgeon in the army, 17th of November, 1863, and died in 1878, when ^

on his passage home from Cyprus, a surgeon-major. He had the ] \

Crimean medal with three clasps, Turkish medal, and Indian medal
with two clasps.

•

402 HISTORIOAL RBG0BD8 OF THE

^ Gawnpoie, and battle of the 6th of Decemher, 1857 ; pursuit to Serai

Ghat, passage of the Kala ^uddee» and occupation of Futtehgurh ;
siege and capture of Lucknow ; campaign in Bohilcund (commanded
the regiment in action at AUygungeX to the capture of Bareilly;

' campaign in Oude^ with actions of Pusgaon, Russulpore, and capture of

Fort Mittowlie. ReceiTed the brevet of major, 20th of July^ 1858 ;
became major, 23rd of November, I860. He died of cholera in the
epidemic of 1862, while in the command of the regiment, on the 21st
of October. Major Middleton had the Indian medal with two clasps.

Mnj.KB, Richard Miller. From ensign, 80th Foot, was promoted
to be a lieutenant in the 9drd on its formation.

MooBB. Hans Ghurrett Moore. Endgn, 7th of June, 1855. Served
in the Indian Mutiny with 88th regiment, was slightly wounded in
the action of Selimpore^ slightly wounded at the storm and capture of
Birwah Forts, and was mentioned in despatches. Captain, 19th of
June, 1872. Served in the Ashanti war, and in the Kaffir wsr, 1877-
1878. Commanded at the afDursnear Draaibosch, on 29th of December
(severely wounded, and horse woundedX and 80th of December (horse
shot under him .three times), commanded small columns In the Somgha
and Chicaba districts (three times mentioned in despatches, brevet-
lieutenant^colonel, substantive majority). He has received the Victoria
Cross ** for his gallant conduct in risking his own life in endeavouring
to save the life of Private Giese, of the Frontier Armed Mounted Police,
on the occasion of the action with the Ghukas near Somgha, on the
29th of December, 1877.** It is reported that when a small body of
Mounted Police were forced to retire before overwhelming numbers of
the enemy. Major Moore observed that Private Giese was unable to
mount his horse, and was thereby at the mercy of the E^affirs. Per-
ceiving the man's danger, Major Moore rode back alone in the midst
of the enemy, and did not desist in his endeavour to save the man
until the latter was killed, Major Moore having shot two Kaffirs and
received an assegai wound in the arm during his gallant attempt.
Lieuienant-Colonel Moore was appointed a major in the 9drd from the
half-pay list. He is in possession of the Indian medal with dasp for
Central India, the Ashanti war medal with, dasp, and the Kaffir medaL*

MuiBBEAD. Alexander Muirhead. Ensign, 22nd of January,
1807 ; lieutenant, 17th of May, 1809 ; capUin, 9th of June^ 181i.
^as killed at New Orieans, on the 8th of January, 1815.

MuNRO. George Munro. Ensign in the army, 25th of June, 1796 ;
lieutenant, 18th of July, 1808. Served with the regiment at New

* See page 350.

^^^^ v —' ' ^* . * ■ '■ " ■ -lii r ** »*■<>— WW ^ L >» w fcWh>p»- v a««»» ^

93BD SUTHBBLAND HIOHLAKDEBa 40d

OtImus, and wm wounded and taken prlaoner on tko 8ih of JanoarXt
1815. Ha died <^ his wounda on the 16th.

HmraOb WiUlam Monro, A lieutenant in the regiment^ 18th of
September^ 1806. (1818.)

Ifuno. William Munia Ensign, 20th of June, 1884; was
adjutant of the 39th regiment, at the battle of ICaharajpore, where ha
was seTerel7 wounded; became odonel, 28th of Kovember, 1864.
Commanded the same regiment in the Crimea, and commanded tha
supports of the 1st brigade, 8rd diyinon, at the attach on tha 18th of
June, 1855. Became major-general, 6th of March, 1868 ; and general,
25th of June, 187& Appointed oolonel of the 98rd, 11th of October,
1876. Qeneial Mnnro has the Mabarajpore medal, Crimean medal with
dasp for Sebastopol, Turkish medal and 4th class of the Medjidia. Ha
is also a Companion of tha Bath, and Knight of tha Legion of Honour.

MuHBOw William Munro,M.D. Asdstant-surgeon, 6th of Decern*
ber, 1844. Barred with the 91st throughout the Kaffir war of 184^-
1847. Became surgeon, 5th of May, 1854. Served with the 93rd during
the Crimean campaign, indoding tha battles of Alma and BalaolaTa,
and siege of Sebastopol ; also during the Indian Mutinj, indndlng tha
relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde, battle of Cawnpore and pumiil to
Bersi Ghat, action of the Kala Nuddee and occupation of Futtehgnrh,
siege and capture of Lucknow ; campaign in Bohilcund to the capture
of Bareilly ; campaign in Dude, including actions of Pnsgaon, Bussul-
pore, and capture of Fort Mittowlie. Acted as principal mescal officer
to theoombined European and Native Eusofzai Field Force, during tha.
final operaUons in the Umbeyla pass, In December, 1863, for which ha
was mentioned in de8patches,receiTed the thanks of the govemor^ipeneral
in council, and was made a Compaidoa of the Bath. Surgeon-major,
6th of December, 1864. Dr. Munro quitted the regiment at JhansI, in
1867* having been promoted to the rank of deputy-inspector-general of
hospitals (from 9th of March). On this occasion the officers presented
him with two silver salvers, and tea and coffee services, bearing his
crest, and the following inscription »-*

Pusixnn TO

SURGEON-MAJOB WILUAM MUNBO, CK,

93rd SUTHEBLAND HIGHLANDEBS^

ON an LEAvivci TBI BionaarT oir pioMonov,

AS A TESnifOKT OV THl 8DSCEBS S8TBBM AHD BaOABO

OP HIS BROTHBB OFTICBBS.

IXBIA, 1867.

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404

mSTOBICAL BEGOBDS OF THB

A cup at the same time l)dng given by the sergeants. Mrs. Mnnro
bad recdved a yase bearing, with the r^mental crest^ the following :-—

Pbisbmtsd to Mrs. WILLIAM MXJNBO^

THB WOUNDKD AKD SiqK 0FFICBB8

or THB 93bd SUTHEBLAND HIGHLANDEBS,

At A TB8TIM0NT OV THBIB HIGH ▲PFBBCIATIOH

or THB VALUABLB 8XBVICB8 BBHOBBBD THBM

BT HBB HUBBABD,

Db. WILLIAM MUNBO,

Ib THB CbIMBAH ABD InOIAB GAXPAiaBS.

He attained the rank of snigaon-general, 28th of Aprils 1876; and
was head of the medical branch of the department, in London, from
1874, to August, 1880. Betired on a pension in July, 1881. Dr.
Munro has the EafiBr war medal, Crimean medal with three clasps,
5th dass of the Medjidie, Turkish medal, Indian medal with two
clasps^ and the Frontier medal with dasp for TJmbeyk.

MuBBAT. John Murray, MB. A saistant-surgeon in the regiment^
1867 to 187a

Naibhb. James Millis Naime. A lieutenant, 12th of February,
1814. (1816.)

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Nafdeb. John Stirling Napier. lieutenant ; entered the aerrioe,
21st of September, 1874.

Nbilsok. James Neilson. Ensign, 19th of September, 1826 ;
lieutenant, 13th of August, 1829. Betired in 184a

KiooLAT. Edmund George NiooUy. Enugn, 3rd of May, 1831 ;
to 29th regiment, 21st of December, 1832.

NiooLLS. Sir Jasper NiooUs. Ensign, 24th of May, 1793; Reu-
tenant, 26th of NoTember, 1794; captain, 12th of September, 1799;
major, 6th of July, 1804 ; lieutenant-colonel, 29th of October, 1807.
Served in the Mahratta war, was at the battle of Arji^aum, and at the
siege and storm of Gawiel Ghur ; embarked for Hanover^ In 1806, and
for Bio de la Plata in 1806; commanded the 14tb regiment at
Corunna, for which he has a medal; served in Walcheren in 1809;
became a colonel, 4th of June, 1814 ; in 1816 served in the Nepaul
war, and In 1816 commanded a brigade in the Pindaree and Mahratta

■* *^ «««*Mrf«»«WM««.«h««*«» •.t^^ammmmmfif''^^*^-^* tm^a^ m»*mif* »^--^'' y ^f^^^f-y^/^^^-^tt^^^-j^^-^^^j.^^^,^ _ . -^ ^ ^y- i^-- , *i_ ^. i_

-»»'

93BD BUTHBBLAND mOHLANDJEBa 405

war. Wm hoDOurably mentioned in despatehei for Ui oondoei la
different actions. Became a major-general, 19tli of July, 1821; and
wai colonel of the 93rd from 31st of May, 1838, until transferred to
the d8th regiment, 15th of JunCp 1840; lieutenaat-general, lOth of
January, 1837.

KioBTiNOALB. ArthuT Gollctt Nightingaku Ensign, 10th of
Koyember, 1864; lieutenant, 9th of March, 186& Serred in the
Crimea from 14th of July, 1855, and was preaent at the dege and
fiill of Sehastopol ; also during the Indian Mutiny, including the relief
of Lucknow hy Lord Clyde, operations at Cawnpora, and defeat of the
Gwalior contingent on the 6th of Decemher, 1867, and other engage-
ments ; and in the Eusofsai campaign of 1868, under Sir John Qarrock,
as a captain. Became major, 16th of February, 1878, and lieutenaat*
odlonel on the amalgamation of the Sutherland and Argyll ffighlaadert,
1st of July, 1881. LieutenantFOolonel Nightingale has the Crimean
medal with clasp for Sehastopol, Turkish medal, Indian medal with
clasp for the relief of Lucknow, and the Frontier medal with clasp for
Umhqrk*

NoLBKXir. George Noleken. Captain i»nd hrsTet-major. Senred
in the regiment from 25th of Noyember, 18^8^ to 31st of August, 183a
To mi^ half-pay. He was ft captain in the army, 8th of KoTcmber,
1804.

O^BABA. Daniel OKeara. A lieutenant in the 93rd, 31st of
July, 1817 ; Army, 23rd of May, 1814 ; captidn, 31st of August, 1880.
Retired in 1885. Afterwards in the barrack department.

CNbill. Charles CyNeilL Ensign, 9th of January, 1812; liea-
tenant, nth of Noyember, 1813. (1817.)

Obd. Harry St. Oeoige Ord. Ensign, 18th of January, 1867 ;
lieutenant, 9th of October, 1869. Exchanged to 68th regiment in 1871.

Pabkinsoh. Edward Parkinson. Comet, 27th of February, 1796 ;
lieutenant, 12th of January, 1800. Serred with the 20th Dragoons in
Jamaica from 1798 till July, 1802. Became a captain, 7th of March,
1806, and exchanged to the 83rd and jc^ed that regiment in India,
from whence he accompanied, as deputy-adjutant-general, the ex-
pedition which captured the island of Bourbon in 1810; major, 27th
of October, 1810. Proceeded with the 33rd to Stralsund, in Pomerania,
in 1813, and thence to Holland in 1814; and was present at the
attack on Merxem and bombardment of Antwerp; commanded the

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406 HISTORICAL BBGOBDB OF THB

f , 33rd at the storming of Bergen-op-aoom^ where he reoeiyed a leyere

j t oontuMon ; terred also in the campaign of I8I69 and was leverely

wounded at Quatre-Bras. lieutenant-coloneU 18th of Jnne^ 1816;
I ' colonely 10th of January* 1837 ; major-general, 9th of Noyemher, 1846 ;

lieutenaotpgeneral, 20th of June» 1854 ; and colonel of the 9drd, 10th
of Deoemher, 1852. Died in 1858. Lieutenant-general Parkinson^
I who was a Companion of the Bath, had the Waterloo medaL

I Patuux). Thomas Fatulla Baymaster, 1807 to 1827.

Phaup. Andrew Phaup. Ensign, 3rd of October, 1805 ; lien-
tenant, 3rd of March, 1808. IMed of wounds recdved in action at
New Orleans.

Phatbi. George Bandle Bobert Fhayre. Ensign, 6th of October,
I i 1867. Transferred to 48th res^ent in 1869, and retired in 1871. .

» PoLB. George Bobert Pole. Endgn, 11th of August, 1825;

I - lieutenant, 24th of April, 1828 ; captain, half-pay, 27th of September,

I I 1844. Afterwards a staff officer of penakners.

I ' PoLLABD. William Henry PoUaid, ILD. Served with the 93rd

I in the Crimea, and was at Alma, BalaolaTa, and Sebastopol, including

' the attacks of 18th of June and 8th ci September ; after leaving the

\ ; 93rd, on thdr return from the East, he serred during the Indian

Mutiny, including the uege of Lncknow, operations in Shahabad,
action at Sukreta, capture of JugdespoTB, and subsequent operations in
Oude; and in medical charge of a column in Central India, under
Brigadier Showers, in 1858. Dr. Pollard has the Crimean medal with
three clasps, Turkish medal, 5th dass of the Med^idie, and the Indian
medal with daspw

P0TT8. Charles Dennis Potts. Endgn, 18th of January, 1856.
Served in the Indian Mutiny; was present at the relief of Lucknow,
operations at Cawnpore and battie of the 6th of December, 1857, pur-
suit to Serai Ghat, passage of the Kala Kuddee and occupation of
Futtehgurh, siege and capture of Lucknow ; Bobilcund campdgn to
the capture of Bareilly ; campaign in Oude, including actions ol
Pusgaon, Bussulpore, and capture of Fort Mittowlie. Became lieu-
tenant, 21st December, 1860, and retired in 1861. (Deceased.) He
had the Indian medal with clasps for the relief and capture of Luc^ow.

Prbvobt. Lewis De Teisseir Prevost. Captain 93rdl, 27th of
August, 1873; Army, 28th of June^ 1871; was briga3e-maJor at
Aldershot, from 25th of November, 1871, to 24th of November,
1876 ; became a major on the amalgamation of the Sutherland and
Argyll Highlanders.

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93rd SUTHERLAND mOHLANDERS. 407

PiTRtHOir. Robert Punihoii. Surgeon (2nd bettalionX 16Ui of
July. 1313. (1816.)

. RAiKBt. Edward Augustus Rtikes. Ensign, 14tli of June. 1859.
(186i.)

RjkLBioB. Dsvid Q. Ralaigli. Assistant-surgeon in the repmenti
1st of April. 1819 ; Army. 7th November. 1816. Died in 1826.

RxoAir. John Regan. Assistant-surgeon. 1st of September. 1814.
(1816.)

RxTirouM^ John Reynolds. Endgn. 3rd of August. 1816.

RoBKBTK. Thomas Law Roberta. Ensign. 19th of September.
1848 ; became captain. 19th of August. 1862 ; and major. 1st of April.
1870; appointed major 93rd from half-pay. late 99th. on the 9th
of September. 187L Retired in 1872. He serred during the Indian
Mutiny campaign, and was severely oontused and slightly wounded
while present as a4]utant of the 18th Punjab Inftmtry at the mutiny
of the 51st Bengal N. L at Peshawur; was second in oommand of
Srd Sikh Infantry on the Nepaul Frontier in 1859 ; present in the
action at Ruttenpore. and the carrying of the enemy's position in the
Nepaul Hills on the 28th of Kerch ; also at the final surrender of
the rebels at Dukairse in December ; was twice mentioned in de-
spatches; was deputy«asdstant-quartermaster-genend in the opera-
tions agMnst the Taeping rebels in the ridnity of Shanghai in April
and May. 1862. including capture of the stockades at Nasiang^ and
of the walled cities of Kading. Tdngpoo^ Najow. and Tsolin. affidr at
Nagiang. and relief of Kading. and was mentioned in despatches.
Major Roberts has the Indian Mutiny medaL

RoBKBTsoN. James Robertson* Enrign. 1st of October. 1807;
lieutenant. 18th of May. 1809. (1813.)

Robinson. Sydney Loftus Robinson. Second-lieutenant. 23rd of
July. 1879; lieutenant. 1st of July. 188L

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Roes. Alexander Roee. Ensign, 2nd of November. 1809; lieu*
tenant. 25th of May. 1813. (1823.)

Robb. Arthur Rose. Ensign. 21st of August. 1849. Retired
2nd of September. 186L

RosB. William Rose. Ensign. 30Ui of April. 1812 ; lieutenant.
11th of February. 1814. (1817.)

-in- -lat I'll .^^_.

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408 HISTOBIGAL BEOOBDS OF THB

R068. Donald Bobs. Eosign, 2iid of June, 1804; lieutenant^
11th of September, 1805. Died in 1811 (or early in January, 1812). .

B068. Bobert Lockhart Boss. Entdgn, 15th of December, 1840 ;
captain, 11th of June, 1852. Serred in the Crimea ; was mentioned in
despatches, and received the brevet of major for Balaclava, in which
battle he commanded the grenadier company, afterwards employed
on the quartermaster-general's staff ; promoted to brevet-lieutenant-
coloneL Served in the Bohilcund campugn, and commanded the
regiment at the battle of Bareilly. He served on the staff of the
army as asristant-quartermaster-general at head-quarters in the cam-
paign in North China, 1860, and was present at the capture of the
Taku Forts, and surrender of Pekin, for which he was made a Com-
panion of the Bath. Colonel, 18th of May, 1862. (1868). He had
the Crimean medal, with clasps for Alma, Balaclava, and Sebastopol,
Turkish medal, Sardinisn medal, fifth class of the Medjidie, Indian
medal, and China medal with clasps. Colonel Boss, who had filled
many important staff appointments, and was an o£B.cer of much ability
and promise, greatly beloved for his amiable character, died while in
command of a brigade dep6t in 1873b

BoTHB. Lorenzo Bothe. Ensign, 6th of March, 1828; captain,
2nd of April, 1841 ; became lieutenant-colonel of the regiment 2Ist
of February, 1852, and retired from the army in 1853.

Bona. Honourable John Bous. From the Coldstream Guards, a
captain in the regiment^ 6th of November, 1817, and in the army,
4th of May, 1814. Served with the 1st battalion Coldstream Guards
in the Peninsula in 1812-13-14, and with the 2nd battalion in
Holland, 1814. Betired from the service in 1818 without having
joined the 93rd. He is now Earl of Stradbroke.

BussELL. Lord Cosmo George Bussell, son of the sixth Duke of
Bedford. Ensign, 12th of August, 1834 ; captain, 27th of August,
1841 ; brevet-major, 19th of October, 1849. Betired in 1862.

Bussell. John Ambrose BusselL Endgn, 25th of December,
1823; lieutenant, 28th of February, 1828; captain, 2nd of April,
1841. (184a)

BuTRERFORD. Archibsld John Oliver Butherford. Ensign, 18th
of May, 1841 ; lieutenant, 7th of July, 1846 ; to 70th in 1846 ;
Ij : became adjutant of that regiment, 27th of April, 1847 ; and captain,

II ; 15th of March, 1853. Betired from the service as a major, and died

J In 1880.

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93BD 8UTHBBULND HIOHLANDEB& 409

- By AM, Richard Ryan. From enngn 17Ui Foot was piomotod to
a liaatenanoy in the 03rd on ita fcrmatioa ; became captain, lat of
Augwt, 1806 ; major, 16th of ICareh, 1816. (1816.) He served with
the regiment at Kew Orleanfi and wai iCTerelj wounded on the 8th
of Januar/y 1816.

Ball. William 8all»M.D. Aiaistant-SQrgeon in the army, 10th of
Hay, 1839 ; aorgeon, Idth of July, 1847 ; to 98rd in 1849 ; exchanged
to ScoU Greyi in 1862. Dr. Ball terved in the Kaffir war of 1862,
and duriog the Crimean dhmpaign; it now on half-pay as deputy-
inspector-general of hospitals. He has the Kaffir war medal, Crimean
medal with olasp^ and Turkish medaL

BoAWMiRicK. Thonutf Bcarishrick. A lieutenant, I6th of Hay,
1806. (1807.)

BooBis. James Scobie. Was appointed to an ensigncy on the
formation of the regiment ; became Ueutenant 26th of June, 1806.
Served with the 93rd at the capture of the Cape of Good Hopo^ where
he was wounded. (1807.)

BooTT. John Thompson Boott Ensign, 16th of Hay, 1866,
IMed at JhansI, 1st of Hay, 1869.

BcBOiaoir. Charles Warden Beri^son^ Ensign, 80th of Haroh,
1866. Berved in the Crimea after the fall of BebastopoL Ueutenant,
14th of Harch, 1866. Benred in the Indian Hutiny until the 11th of
Harch, 1868, when he was killed at the storming of the Begum's
nalaoa.

Bbtov. Darid Beton* Ensign, 30ih of Becembar, 1836; lieu-
tenant, 2nd of April, 1841 ; to 49th regiment, 1846.

Bbtoh. Qeorge Beton. Endgn, 28th of July, 1838 ; captain, 21st
of February, 1862 ; exchanged to 96th regiment in 1862.

Bbtoit. Robert Eglinton Beton. Ensign, 4th of July, 1846;
lieutenant, 17th of December, 1847 ; retired 23rd of Beptember, 1861.
Is now lieutenant-colonel of the 4th battalion of the Royal Dublin
Fusiliers, and honorary cdoneL

Bbelton. Frederick Shelton. Ensign, 24th of January, 1840;
lieutenant, 18th of December, 1840; captain, 4th of April, 1849.
Retired in 1864.

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410

HISTORICAL BE00RD8 OF THB

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Shephbbd. Alexander Innee Shepherd. Eniigiiy 20t1i of Decem-
ber, 1861 ; entered the Bengal Staff Corps and became a captain, 2(Hh
of December, 1873, and major, 2ath December, 1881. Is deputy-
assistant-adjutant-general for musketry, Umballa.

Shutbb. James Shnter. Eodgn, 25th of August, 1843 ; lieu-
tenant^ 2nd of July, 1845. Retired in 184&

Sue Alexander Duncan Sim. Lieutenant; entered the senrioe
as second lieutenant, 30th of January, 1878.

SiNOLAiB. Donald Sinclair. Was promoted to be quartermaster,
22nd of March, 1844, Served with the regiment in the Crimea.
Retired on half-pay 6th of July, 1855, and was subsequently lor many
years quartermaster of the Nottingham militia. He has the honorary
rank of captain, and is in possesnon of the Crimean medal with olaspa
for Alma, Balaclava and Sebastopol, and the Turkish medaL

SiNOLAiB. William Sinclidr, son of the above. Assistant-surgeon,
2nd of September, 1853. Served with the 93rd in the Crimea, and
was jvesent at the battles of Alma and Balaclava, and siege of Sebas-
topol; also during the Indian Mutiny, including the action of
Bunnee, relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde, defeat of the Qwalior
contingent at Cawnpore and pursuit to Serai Ghat, affair of the KaU
Nuddee, dego and capture of Lucknow, campaign in Rohilcund to the
capture of Bareilly ; campaign in Oude, including actions of Pusgaon,
Russulpore, capture of Fort Mittowlie and action at Biswah. He
became a surgeon in the army 29th' of July, 1862. (Deceased.) Mr.
Sinclair had the Crimean medal with three dasps, Turkish medal,
and Indian medal with two clasps.

Skthver. Leslie Skynner. Ensign, 26th of October, 1841;
lieutenant, 14th of July, 1843; to 89th re^^ent in 1845.

Smith. Charles Smith. Captain, 31st of December, 1825. To
32nd regiment in 1833.

SxiTH. John Hankey Smith. Ensign, 17th of November, 1825 ;
lieutenant, dOth of December, 1826. IMed in 1828.

SxTTH. Robert Carmichael Smyth. CapUdn in 93rd, 5tii of April,
1833. (Army, 8th of April, 1826.) Major, 18th of May, 184L (18^9.)

Spark. Robert Spark. Ensign, May, 1807 ; lieutenant, 3id of
September, 1807. Served with the regiment in America in 1814-15,

'•'*■'■ ■ -•**■«-■ ••^-^—>^— '-^ V^^^*^-^^«^ „ ^^ ■-. ^ i^.«y|Y^ ■ >

93BD 8UTHEBLAKD mOHLANDEBCL 411

and wu wounded at Kew Orleans on the 8tli of January, 1816. Gbp-
tain, 17th of Febniarj, 1820; lieutenant^eolonel, 28th of July, 189^
and breret-oolonel 11th of Kovember, 186L He died while lieutenant-
oolonel of the regiment, in 1862.

Bpbbad. Robert Dean Spread. A lieutenant in the r^^menty
1801 ; became a captain, 6th of September, 1806. (18ia)

SraoT. ICark George Sprot Ensign, 16th of October, 1860;
lieutenant, 16th of October, 1862; captain, 29th of December, 1864.
Retired ffom the serrioe owing to m-bealth in 1868. (Deceased.)

Squibu Frederick SquirL Endgnintfaearmy,20thof Koyember,
1867 ; captain on half-pay, 1st of April, 1870; captain 98id in 1876,
Retired with rank of lieutenani^olonel in 1881.

SnwAST. Robert Hawthorn Johnston Stewart of Glasserton.
Ensign, 26th of February, 1841 ; lieutenant^ 14th of November, 1846 ;
to 13th Light Dragoons in 1848.

StKWABT. William George Drummond Stewart, only son of Sir
"^lliam Drummond Stewsrt, serenth baronet, of Murthly and Graa«
tully. Ensign, 2nd of June, 1847 ; captain, 29th of December, 1864 ;
was promoted to an unattached nutjority 6th of May, 1869. Serred
with the 93rd in the Crimea, including the battles of Alma, BakolaTa,
and siege of Sebastopol ; also in the Indian Mutiny, and was present
at the relief of Lucknow by Lord Clyde; defeat of the Gwalior con-
tingent at Cawnpore ; pursuit to Serai Ghat ; occupaUon of Futtehgurh ;
siege and capture of Lucknow, including storming of the Martinike
and Begum's palace ; Rohilcund campaign to the capture of Barellly ;
and campaign in Oude, with actions of Pusgaon, Russulpors^ and
capture of Fort Mittowlie. Major Stewart was an officer of remaikable
coolness in action, nothing erer appesring to disturb his equanimity
in the Tery slightest degree. He earned the Yictorb Croes at the
relief of Lucknow for '*disdnguished personal gallantry on the 16th of
November, 1867, in leading an attack upon, and capturing two guns^
by which the position of the mess-house was secund." Elected hf
the officers of the r^ment. Major Stewart had, besidee the ^etoria
Cross, the Crimesn medal with clasps, Turkish medal, fifth class of the
Medjidie, and Indian medal with two clasps. He died on the 26th of
October, 1868, predeceadng his father.

SnRLnro. Henry Campbell Stirling. Ensign, 16th of September,
1864 ; lieutenant, 9th of February, 1866. Served with the regiment
in the Crimea ; also in the Indian Mutiny until the 6th of Deoembert

■Millet

'Jfeic<mto>'< fja^^trfA^**. "w* ^«^>>

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412

HISTOBICAL BE00BD8 OF THS

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1857, on which day he was mortally wounded at the battle of Gawn*
pore. He was a moat gallant young officer, and at he fell he uttered
no ciy of pain, but called out, ^'Go at them, never mind me ! " *

•

SnsTED. Henry William Stisted. Ensign, 4th of December, 1836.
Served with the 2nd (Queen's Royals) during the campaign in Afghan-
istan and Beloochistan under Lord Keane, including the storm and
capture of Ghuznee (wounded) and of Ehelat. As lieutenant-colonel
and brevet-colonel in the 78th Highlanders, he served in the Persian
war ; commanded a brigade in the night attack and battle of EooehaK
for which he was made a C.6., and the 78th at the bombardment of
Mohumrah« Served with Havelock's column in 1857, commanding
the 78th in the several actions leading to and ending in the relief of
the residency of Lucknow. Succeeded to the command of the lat
brigade on the death of General Ndl on the 25th of September, hold-
ing that command during the defence, and afterwards with Outram*s
force at the Alumbagh, and in the operations ending in the capture of
Lucknow; commanded a brigade at the battle of Baieilly; was fre-
quently mentioned in despatches. Exchanged to the 93rd with
Ck>lonel Ewart, 80th of September, 1859 ; commanded a force during
the Eusofzai campaign under General Garvock in 1863-64; major-
general, 10th of August, 1864 ; and subeequently held a command in
Canada, and he was the first lieutenant-governor of Ontario. He was
appointed a Knight Ck>mmander of the Bath in 1871 ; became colonel
of the regiment, September 28th, 1873^ and died 10th of December,
1876. Sir Henry had the medal for Ghuznee^ Persian medal with
clasps Indian medal with two clasps, and the Frontier medaL

Stothbbb. Edward Augustus Stotherd. Enngn, 7th of Feb-
rnaxy, 1851; lieutenant, 4th of February, 1854; captain, 8th of
January, 1856. Served with the 93rd in the Crimea, including the
battles of Alma, Balaclava, and the siege and £k11 of Sebastopol ; was
placed on half-jpay on the reduction of the army after the war, and
was subsequently appointed to the 60th Boyal Rifles. He was wrecked
in the AngkhSaxon^ off Gape Raoe^ on the 27th of April, 1863. After
getting his wife into the boat, he went back to the cabin to look for
the maid-servant, when the ship went down with all then on board.
His body was washed ashore afterwards, and was buried in New-
foundland, with many others. He had a great scar on hii forehead,
as if a beam had fallen on him. CapUin Stotherd had the Crimean
medal with three dasps, and Turkish medaL

• These words were distinctly audible to me, as the Junior subaltern
of No. 2 Company, standing in a line with him, on the opposite flank.
— R. H. B.

J I <i» # i "i wi " ^ t . f ilial t J^ i I rr-^ -' r I ■ . ■ h > i«^*>nfcii.^^ . ■■n— .^i.^.*— ^ mn mti • .mA <■.. «t. ...

03BD SUTHERLAND mOHLANDEB& 413

Stuabt. Fnnds Arehibtld Staart Enrign, 4th of Jum, 1812 ;
ttfotanuitfe lOth of Mmh, 1814. (1817.)

ft niiipaK r . Gooig* Siuddert Eiulgiif Sid of Jiiii% 1886 ; Ilea-
tenant, 18th of July, 1838 ; captain, did of Angnit, 1848. Exchaofad
to 16th nginMnt In 186L

SuTHBBLAXDw A. Sutherland. From lioatenant 4th Foot was
appointod to a Uoatenantpy in the 88id on Ita formation ; became n
o^ldninlSOS.

BuTHSBiiAini. Alexander Sutherland. Appointed enrign on the
formation of the r^g}meni.

SoTHniiAXD. Qecige Mabkay Sutherland. Ensign, 2nd of
August, 1816 ; lieutenant^ 14th of Octobv, 1824. (182a)

SumEBLAinx Henry Clinton Sotheriand. From lieutenant 41at
Foot, wai promoted to a captaincy in the 88rd on Ite formation.

SoTHXBULHD. John Sutherland. Ensign, 18th of Ifay, 1809.
(1812.)

SuTHXRULHn. Bobert Sutherland. From lieutenant 21st Foot
was appointed captain-lieutenant in the 83id on ito formation.

SuTHSELAm. Wemyss Erak Sutherland. Ensign, 20th of
December, 1810 ; lieutenant^ 27th of May, 1818. (1824.)

SuTHXBLAiin. William Sutherland. Oaptain, 11th of April,
1816, ranking in the army from 18th of August, 1814; major, 26th
of September, 1817. (1821.)

SwAH. William George Swan, If J>. AsristantHrorgeon, 28Ui of
February, 1846. (184&)

Tabutbau. Anthony OllTier Tabutean. Ensign, 6th of October,
1864. Serred with the regiment in the Crimea; became captain, 80th
of October, 1862 ; brevet-major, 26th of NoTember, 1876; and is now
on the retired list vdth the honorary rank of lieutenani-cbloneL
lieutenant-colonel Tabuteau has the Crimean medal and the Turkish
medaL

Tatlob. George John Malcolm Taylor. Ensign, 8rd of August,
1856 ; lieutenant, 12th of March, 1868. Serred during the Indian

— — - - 1 r .1

■ «K.»A_.

»i II wHMMfc'^'oiwrMi

.V pC'nt'to iSfrt^tt* !■«•*,*—■>*»« <«'~**-*!<!

414

HI8T0BICAL BEOOBDS OV THB

• >

'I
iil

Matiny ; was preient at the relief of Lucknow ; operatloiii at
OawDpore, and battle of the 6th of December, 1867 ; pursuit to Serai
Qhat ; passage of the Eala Nuddee» and occupaUon of Futtehgurh ;
siege and capture of Lucknow ; Rohilcund campaign to the capture
of Bareilly; campaign in Oude, including actions of Pnsgaon, Bus-
sulpore, and capture of Fort Mittowlie. He was lost at sea when on
his passage home with invalid and time-expired soldiers, in 1861,
having, as was supposed, fallen overboard at night He had the Indian
medal with two clasps.

Thompson. (George Agar Thompson. Ensign, 5th of January,
18U. Betired in 1846.

f ^

« :
I .

• ii

I);

(

I \

Thoxpson. J. Thompson. Ensign, 21st of November, 1806;
lieutenant, 3l8t of Harch, 1806. (1816.)

Tbknch. Honourable B. Trench. A captun in the re^ment^
180a-7.

TaivxLTAH. William Pitt Trevelyan. Ensign, 4th of January,
1833 ; lieutenant^ 3rd of June, 1836 ; captain, 26th of April, 1839.
Betired in 1841.

Tbotteb. Charles Thomas Qraham Trotter. Endgn, 48th regi«
ment, 13th of June, 1867 ; lieutenant, 1st of DeMmber, 1869.
Exchanged to the 98rd. Betired in 1876. (Efeoeased.)

Tbotteb. Philip Durham Trotter. En^gn, 18th of October,
1864; lieutenant, 1st of February, 1868; capt^ 16th of February,
187& CapUin Trotter accompanied Sir John Hay, K.aR, the
British minister at Tangier, on a diplomatic mission to Fes in the
spring of 1880. On his return to the regiment at Gibraltar, Lord
Napier of Magdala desired the thanks of the Sultan of Morocco to be
conveyed to him for the services he had rendered in *'asdsting to
teach the Moorish officers tiie use of the heliograph, and drawing up
a memorandum at the Sultan's reqiiest, suggesting various reforms in
the Sultan's army, which reforms have been approved of by the
Sultan, and directed to be carried into effect at once." The following
is an extract from a letter of His Excellency Sir John Drummond
Hay to Captain Trotter :— *" Fez, 9th of May, 1880. I have been
requested by the Sultan to convey to yon His Majesty's tlianks for
the able reports you have prepared at His Majesty's desire regarding
the body of *AMr you inspected. . . . The Saltan has given orders
that the regulations you have presented should be adopted. • • . His

*M 1^ KoJlQi— d>— i*»— j»*aia*Jiifcta nitmmai timti it k T,m •T^fmtmi^Mttdu t^i ^}^\ ^t^ilMni ilt'Stmmtim^mtimmmt^itmti^tK

93bO 8UTUEBLAND mOHLANDSHS. 415

Majeitf raqiMiU nM to mj tliat he tnisto yoa will preterre tlia fwoid
of honour which hit heen pnMnted to you, m a mark of His Majaity's
MiiM of tho Mnrloe yoa havo rendered on this occasion, and of your
Tldt to his oourt** Captain Trotter has published an account of the
mission. In a work entitled ''Our Mission to the Court of Moroooo In
IddO," published by DaTld Douglas,

TufsSLL. Arthur Joliffe TufoelL Ensign, 15th of May, 1867.
Serred as an ensign with the 93rd in the Indian Mutiny; Is now
a nutjor in the Border regiment Major Tufhell has the Indian medal

with deep lor the relief of Luoknow.

•

TumB. William Turner. Ensign, 17th of September, 1860;
lieutenant, 25th of June, 1852. Died on the 12th of August, 1864,
atGiTnkk.

Tumn. William Frederick Turner. lieutenant; entered the
ssrricsb 12th of February, 1878.

Ttluu John Tyler. A captidn in the regiment, 11th of
February, 1814. Was present at the battle of Waterloo as ^e-de-
camp to Ueutenant-Qenersl Sir Thomu Plcton, G.C.B., for which he
receiTed the medal, and breret-majority dated 18th of June^ 1816.
(1819.)

Ukmstoit. Edward Brabanm Urmston. Lieutenant; entered the
senrioe as second lieutenant, lith of May, 1878.

Vav Rtvswsld. William Van Byneweld. A lieutenant, 14th
of July, 1808. (1818.)

WaLkeb. George Laurie Walker. Lieutenant; entered the
serrlce as second lieutenant, 26th of May, 1878.

Walub. James Walker. Ensign, 12th of August, 1818. (1816.)

Walsh. Thomas Walsh. A captain in the regiment, 1802*6.

Wabdbll. William Henry WardelL Preyious to entering the
army served for five years as a midshipman in the royal navy ; was at
the capture of Java in 1811, for which he received a medal ; also in
the expedition to Palembang, Sumatra, in the following year. Lost
his right arm from a contu^on while in the naval service ; entered the
army, 15th of August, 1815, and became lieutenant, 2l8t of February,
1822 ; paymaster, 18th of December, 1828 ; was for many years

>-»«, «J«. .WW

.».<■* — *.

416 HISTORIOAL RECORDS OF THE

paymaster of the 93rdy and labeequeDtly was in the Royal Cana^ati
Rifles, and retired Deoemher, 1867, with the rank of major. He died
iAl88L

Watt. John Watt Ensign, Ist of September, 1825 ; lientenant»
29th of Fehmary, 1828 ; to half-pay, 15th of July, 1829. Was on
hoard the Shijpley transport, with drafts under Lieutenant Drummond,
when that yessel was wrecked on her Toyage to the West Indies in
1828.

Wbatherall. Edward WeatheralL A lieutenant, 7th of April,
1808. (1810.)

Webotkb. James Webster, M.D. Asristant-surgeon, 28ih of
September, 1847. (1860.)

\ Welch. Edward Welch. Ensign, 10th of March, 1854; lieu-

tenant^ 10th of October, 1854. Served with the regiment in the

Crimea, including the nege and fall of Sebastopol ; also in the Indian

MuUny, was very severely wounded at the storming of the Secundra-

bagh — ^the ball could not be extracted; became captain, 12th of

[ March, 1858, and went on half-pay, 14th of August, 1860. Retired

I in 1861. Was afterwards appointed to the barrack department.

I (Deceased.) He had the Crimean medal with dasp, Turkish medal,

'; and Indian medal with dasp for the relief of Luoknow.

Welcs. Frederick William Welch, brother of Edward. Endgn,
. il 28th of December, 1860; became captain, 10th of January, 1874 ; and

jl is now on the retired list with the rank of major.

'.>

I' Wbmtbs. James Wemyss. Ensign, 21st of November, 1861 ;

lieutenant, 6th of June, 1854. Died 13th of June, 1856.

WBirraa. James Henry Wemyss. Ensign, 18th of May, 1842 ;
lieutenant, 3rd of April, 1846. To 32nd regiment.

WsMTSB. William Wemyss of Wemyss. The first colonel of the
regiment A general in the army.

r ^

I <

1 1

1 <

WxiCTSB. William Wemyss, son of the first colonel. Major,
27th of May, 1813 ; lieutenantrcolonel, 16th of Maich, 1815. (1816.)
He became a major-general, 23rd of November, 1841, ahd was ap»
ii pointed colonel of the 93rd, 10th of April, 1850. He had served

as A.D.C to Sir William Erskine on the Walcheren expedition in
1809 ; campaigns of 1810-11-12, in the Peninsula, including the

jijjftji afc r ml Ti^- ti^^i r*~r*'"^'^'^""- * *' ' ■■•■■^'> -■■*■ "•'*»'

93BD SUTHERLAND HIOHLANDEB& 417

•ctioDS of SobimU ^ymlMJ, Redln]ift» Miranda de Ooins Fos d'AiODoa,
and 8alnigal» batU« of FaonUt d'Onor, •orpriBe of the . French at
Arroyo do Mollno^ and storming of Ponte d*Alnianui under Lord HilL
He reodTod the sUver medal with clasp for Foontes d'Onor. . Lieutenant^
general, 11th of November, 1861. He died at Windsor, on the 80th of
NovembflTy 1868.

Whitb. John White. Ensign, 14th of July, 1808 ; lieutenant,
nth of April, 18ia Betired as a captain in 182&.

WiLLUMS. Reginald Stewart Williams. Ensign, 17th of January,
1851 ; lieutenant, 21st of Octobtr, 1853 ; captain, 15th oC August,
1856. Scnred in the Indian MnUny campdgn, including the reliefer
Lucknow by Lord Glyde^ opeiations at Gawnpore and battle of the
6th of December, 1867 ; pursuit to Serai Ghat; passage of the Kala
Nuddee, and occupation of Futtehgurh ; dege and capture of Lucknow ;
campaign in Rohilcund to the capture of Bareilly ; campaign in Oude,
including actions of Pusgaon, Russulpore, and capture of Fort
Mittowlie; also in the Eusofzai campaign of 1883-64; became major,
29th of November, 1864; went on half pay 9th of September, 187],
and subsequently retired firom the service. Mi^r Williams has the
Indian medal with two clasps, and the Frontier medal with clasp for
Umbeyla.

■

WiixiAMSON. George Williamson. From endgn, 92nd Foot, was
promoted to be a lieutenant in the 93id on its formation; became
csptain, 22nd of December, 1804. (1807.)

• •

WiLLUMSOH. Thomas Paul Williamson. Ensign, 5th of December,
1811; lieutenaul, 24th of August, 1813; captidn, 12th of January,
183a To half pay in 184L

Wilson. John Wilson. Ensign, 16th ofMarch, 1815; lieutenant
8th of June, 1820 ; captain, 4th of November, 1836. Retired in 1839.

Wood. Edward Septimus Wood. Ensign, 9th of February, 1855.
Served as a lieutenant in the Crimea after the fall of Sebastopd; also
in the Indian Mutiny, including the relief of Lucknow, operations at
Gawnpore and battle of the 6th of December, 1857 ; pursuit to Serai
Ghat; passage of the Kala Nuddee, and occupation of Futtehgurh,
and the siege and capture of Lucknow. Became captain, 22nd of
December, 1863, and reUrcd in 1867. Captain Edward a Wood has
the Indian medal with two clasps.

2 ■

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418 HISTORIOAL REOOBDS OF THE 93BD.

Wood. Samuel Edward Wood. Ensign, 16th of Febrnairy» 1855.
Served as a lieutenant during the Indian Mutiny; was severely
wounded at the relief of Lucknow; was at Cawnpore during the
operations in Deoember, 1857, and at the siege of Lucknow, and
Rohilcund campaign to the capture of BareiUy. Became captun, 10th
of August, 1864, and brevet-major, 1st of October, 1877. Is now
serving in the Army Pay Department Major Wood has the Indian
modal with clasps for the relief and capture of Lucknow.

WoRBALL. Gborge Whyatt Worrall. Second-lieutenant, 23rd of
October, 1880 ; lieutenant, 1st of July, 1881.

j Wright. Hedley Wright Lieutenant; entered the service as

second-lieutenant, 12th of June, 1878.

Wright. Thomas Wright Entered the army as assistant-
surgeon, 21st of April, 1854. Served with the 20th regiment in the
Crimea, including the battles of Alma, Inkerman,and siege of Sebastopol ;
with the 38th in the Indian Mutiny campaign, and was present at the
1 1 action of Meangunge and siege of Lucknow ; was surgeon of the 9did

from 1867 to 1877. Mr. Wright has the Crimean medal with three
clasps, Turkish medal, and Indian medal with one dasp^

TouKO. Alexander Toung. Ensign, 2nd of October, 1846;
lieutenant, 19th of October, 1849; captdn, 4th of August, 1854.
Betired in 1855.

H • . •

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( 419 )

PARADE TUNES, etc.

KEYEILLfi OF THE Km.*

I^rpj-^^^^^^^

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* And of vther Higbland RexbiiMiiiL

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420

PABADR TUNES, ETC., OF TBI

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93bD SimlEnLAHD hiohlanders.

421

.' (

^Uirot^ 0f §omtiI g|m *

MORNIMa - FALL IN " OF THE 98ui

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422

PARADE TUNES, ETC., OF THE

'p^r o r • r •

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8:tt iffeole iigblanbtr's gjaw^.

AFTKRNOON " FALL IN - OP THE 98b».

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#* ' g' — t . Vm — 8 m ' I m * m 7

ttv * ■• • * ■■ m^mm^im,4ttmmjiaHm^m

trntaOm/^m

>^fcA— I— .n *i*ntma^mmm0^mam^

nUiiiiig^itUB

03rd suthebland hiohlahderb.

428

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PABADS TUNBS» KTa, OF THS

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93bD SUTBEBLAXO HIORIJUrOEItS.

425

j ' I • l-F--j>4^

ObmpoMd 1>7 PIPB MAJOR MELDRUM, 98id HIOHLANDERa

2*td time.

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I — H I'.

APPENDICES.

Bio Sam.

** Kay^s Pdiinito ** oontaina f nrOicr Mieodotos of ** Big
Sam.** ** Oa one occasion in the barrack-room, ono of tlie men
requested McDonald to hand down a loaf from a shelly whidi
he oonld not easily get at himself. Sam good nataiedly
turned round, and, catching the individual behind the neck,
held him up at arm's length, saying, * There^ take it down
foryoursell***

*' While the Sutherland FenciUes were stationed at Dublin,
Sam was generally intrusted to act as purveyor for the men
of the room to which he belonged. The butbher with whom
he had dealt for some time used frequently to quia him about
his reputed strength, and waa perhaps indined to think from
the silence maintained by Sam on the subject^ that it was not
just so great as report stated. One day, whfle higgling about
the price of some purchase — * Come, come,* said the Knight
of the Cleaver, and pointing to a bulk * of veiy excellent
appearance, ' take that on your shoulder, and if you cany it
to Richmond you shall have it for nothing.* The proposed
task, strong as Sam was, seemed infinitely beyond his power,
Richmond barracks being distant nearly two miles. The
ofFer, however, was extremely tempting, and he well knew
what ^lat such a prise was sure to obtain for him among his
fellows. Sam therefore got the carcase on his back, and, to
the astoDishment of the chopfallen butcher, succeeded in
carrying it triumphantly to the barracks.**

•

• Qaeiy, " boUock.**

t1tmr^n0 **ifti

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428 APPENDIGEa

Casualties at Cawnpobe.

The London Gaxette of January 29th, 1858, gives the
return of casaalties (numerical) in the field force nnder Sir
Colin Campbell from the 3rd to 8th of December, 1857,
indnsive, from which the foLowing is an extract :—

" Her Majesty's 93rd, one rank and file killed ; one snbal-

tem, two seigeants, nine rank and file wounded." Lieutenant

Stirling is named as '' wounded severely (since dead) •'* There

does not appear to have been published any nominal return

|| of the rank and file. Upon application to the Director-

j 1 General of the Army Medical Department, a return was kindly

' ' I furnished containing names of men killed in action or died of

wounds; it included the following who were wounded at
Cawnpore : —

\ NuifBBE 4 COVPANT.

; , Private A. Millar, aged 28. Admitted 6th Bee, died 7tli Dec, 1867.

,»■■

I''

KUXBKE 6 COMPAHT.

Private J. Brown, aged 20. Admitted 6th Dea, died 9tii Deo., 1867.

KUHBKB 2 COXPAMT.

Private J. McPhcnon» nf^ed 19. Admitted 6th Dec, died 15th Dec, 1857.
Private T. WilBon, aged 24. Admitted 5th Dec, died 16th Deo., 1857.

All from gunshot woimdi.

.^M*!-' — I *»*'

,^m»titMmn*t I *ii i II <— ••Ai»iN

JilttdyiiMMlMMMIIl

APPBNDI0B8«

429

It has not been considered necessary to detail the rente
mandied by the 93rd towards Umbeyla and back in 1863-64,
as the stages would be the same, as far aa Nowsherai as haya
already been given. See pages 322, 823.

I have adhered to the old method of spelling the names of
places thionghont. The following will give an idea of some
of the alterations recently made in the system : —

Ola.
BaivillT.
BaRBOKpoie.
DinMxve.
DelU.

FnmioVabad.
Fattehgnrh.
Fattehpoce.
Oogra.
Goomtoe

Kaw.

Old.

Bm^U.

Chfalkv.

B4rr4kpAr.
Dinipar.
D«uf or Dilhf.

Jubbolpoie*
Jamna.

Jhuui.

FMmtkhibid.

CawDporau

Fathgarh.

Laoknow.

Fathpdr.

Peghawar.

Ohigri.

Saogor.

G6mtL

Bhajebaaporau

Kaw.
Gwfii<r.
Jabalpdr.
Janmi.
JhinaL
Klnhp^.

ftshiwar.

SInr.

8h2hJah&Dpdr.

The alteration has, I understand, been made in order to
conform as nearly as possible to the natire way of spelling,
and to preserve the sense of the word, which doubtless may
be very desirable ; but I confess that some of the names as
now spelt do not convey to my mind an idea of the manner
in which I heard them pronounced by the natives of India.
I therefore think my old comrades will prefer to read the
names of the battles they have fought^ as they have been
accustomed to see them, instead of Lakhnao, K4nhp6r,
Bar61{, etc.

R. M. B.

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430 APPENDICES.

Qaite recently I have been informed, on tlie aniliority of
Captain Harry Maoleod, that when the 93rd was last stationed
in Edinbnrgh, a gentleman about eighty years 'of age, who
had been surgeon to the regiment at New Orleans (I
ftetwm^ Dr. Dempster), stated to some of the officers that
when Lientenant^Colonel Dale was mortally wounded, he
begged that he might be buried in one of the colours, and
i i that his request was complied with. I regret that time does

not now admit of my obtaining any confirmation of the story
before the publication of this work. It is, however, certain
that while the king's colour is framed and still preserved by
the officers, its companion colour is missing.

R. U. B.

, I J rth April, 188S.

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niNTSD IV WILLIAM CLOWIS AND SOICS« UlUTBDb
' LONDON AND

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