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.f^
NON-CIRCULATING
P
A/^
Jf anumK ^b Jf omiUeK
HISTORY
OF THE
CAMPBELL FAMILY
BY
/
HENRY LEE
NEW YORK
R. L. POLK AND COMPANY, INC,
- ^ J -' ' '
Copyright 1920
R. L. Polk and Company, Inc.
■* ^ * • •
• * • • " • • . • .
_ . • .. C •
I
AUG 3 1955
7/
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Chapter I 7
Origin of the name of Campbell — Diarmid o' Duibhne
—The Clan Campbell— The Fiery Cross— "It's a Far
"Cry to Loch Awe" — The Campbell Country.
Chapter II 17
Early History of the Campbells of Argyll — MacChaillan
More — Colin Campbell, First Earl of Argyll — The
Lordship of Lorn — "Earl of Guile' and Lord Forlorn"
— The Argyll Tower.
Chapter III ' 36
The Campbells of Breadalbane, Loudoun, and Cawdor
— Other Branches of the Clan — The Clan Maclver and
the Clan MacArthur — The Goibhnean.
Chapter IV 57
Notable Campbells in Scotland during the 17th and
1 8th Centuries — Highland Mary — The Brooch of Lorn
— "The Campbells are Coming."
Chapter V 69
Early American History of the Family — Arrival of the
first Campbells in America — Story of the Early Settlers
— Duncan Campbell of Boston — The Boston "News
Letter" — Captain Lauchlin Campbell.
Chapter VI 82
The Campbells in Revolutionary- Times — From the
Revolution to the Civil War — Civil War Records.
Chapter VII 105
The Campbell Family in the United States.
Chapter VIII 126
Heads of the Family in Scotland — Notable Campbells
of the British Empire.
Chapter IX 148
Armorial Bearings.
PREFACE
LL races of men seem to have an intuitive
feeling that it is a subject of legitimate
pride to be one of a clan or family whose
name is written large in past history and
present affairs. Everybody likes to know something
about his forefathers, and to be able to tell to his
children the tales or stories about their ancestors,
which he himself has heard from his parents. The
commandment "Honor thy father and thy mother"
is good and sufficient authority for that feeling of
reverence which is so generally shown towards a
line of honorable ancestry. The history of the
family was a matter of much importance to the
Greeks; it was the custom of the early Roman to
place in the aula of his house the images of the
illustrious men of his family ; the Chinese go so far
as to magnify such reverence into ancestor worship,
and even the red Indian of our own Northwest
recorded the traditions of his ancestors on the
totem of his tribe. Well, then, may the story of the
chivalry, courage and even lawlessness (so often
the mate of courage) of their forefathers find a
responsive echo in the hearts of Campbells of the
present generation, "who come of ane house and
are of ane surname, notwithstanding this lang time
bygane." It is not intended in this "History of the
Campbell Family'' to attempt any genealogical in-
vestigation or show any family tree, but rather to
tell of those bygone Campbells, in whose achieve-
5
6 History of the Campbell Family
ments and history it is the common heritage of all
who bear the name to take pride and interest. Old
stories of Campbells of reckless bravery, of Camp-
bells who were good and true friends and of Camp-
bells who were fierce and bitter enemies. Stories
of Campbells who fought hard, lived hard and died
as they fought and lived. Those olden days may
seem a time of scant respect for law, of misdirected
chivalry and of brave deeds often wrongly done,
but there is surely no true Campbell who, in his
inmost heart, is not proud to claim descent from a
clan whose ancient records are replete with such
traditions; whose later records tell of those early
adventurers who left their native hills and glens for
the new land of promise, and whose descendants
have, in more prosaic times, earned honors in litera-
ture, arms and art. "It is wise for us to recur to
the history of our ancestors. Those who do not
look upon themselves as links connecting the past
with the future do not fulfill their duty in the
world.'*
HISTORY
OF
THE CAMPBELL FAMILY
CHAPTER I
|EW clans can claim as great an antiquity
as Na Cambeulich, The Clan Campbell;
and authorities do not agree as to the
origin of the name. The Scottish anti-
quary and historian, Pinkerton, claims that the
name is derived from a Norman Knight, styled de
Campo Bello, who came to England with William
the Conqueror in 1066. But in the Roll of Battle
Abbey, a list of all the knights who composed the
army of the Conqueror, the name of de Campo Bello
does not appear. Further the appearance of the
patronymic in Scottish record and ancient docu-
ments is always in the form which it still retains,
although in the oldest writings it is spelled Cambel
or Kambel. These names were, however, written by
persons not acquainted with the individuals whose
names they record. The manuscript account of the
Battle of Halidon Hill, preserved in the British
Museum, was written by an unknown English
writer; while in the Ragman Roll, 1296, the name
given to the collection of instruments by which the
nobility of Scotland were compelled to subscribe
allegiance to Edward I of England, the name is
spelled Kambel by an English clerk. When written
by a member of the family, at any period, the name
does not appear otherwise than as Campbell.
Most writers agree with the bards who preserved
7
8 History of the Campbell Family
the traditions of the clan that the name is personal,
like that of others of the Highland clans, and is
composed of the words "cam," bent or arched, and
"beul," mouth; this being the most prominent fea-
ture of the great ancestor of the clan, Diarmid o
Duibhne, who is much celebrated in traditional
story, and from whom the Clan Campbell derived
the appellation "Siol Diarmid."
The history of the family, prior to Diarmid o
Duibhne, takes us back to the time of the Romans.
At that period three different peoples inhabited
Scotland, the ancient Britons, the Picts and the
Scots, each governed by their own kings. A colony
of the Britons accompanied one of the returning
Roman Governors into France, and there estab-
lished themselves, under their own king, in what
became known as Britannia Gallicse. In the year
404 their kindred in Britain, being troubled by the
constant attacks of the Picts and Scots, sent to them
for assistance, offering the sovereignty of the coun-
try to their king. Their ruler declined the sover-
eignty for himself, but sent an army under his son
Constantine, who ruled over the Britons until about
the year 420. Constantine was the grandfather of
Arthur of the Round Table, with whom the Camp-
bells commonly commence their family lineage.
From Arthur the seannachies trace the line of
descent down to Diarmid o Duibhne. His son,
Arthur, known as Armderg or Red Armour from
the frequent coloring of the same with blood, had
several sons, the eldest of whom Paul o Duibhne,
Knight of Lochow, married Marion, daughter of
Godfrey, King of Man, by whom he had one daugh-
ter, Eva, heiress of all his estates. She was married,
History of the Campbell Family 9
in the eleventh century, to her cousin, Gillespie
(Archibald) Campbell, who thereby acquired the
Lordship of Lochow.
From this marriage the Chiefs of the Clan Camp-
bell take descent, being first designed of Lochow and
later of Argyll; and from them are descended the
collateral branches of the clan.
The word "clan" signifies simply children, or
descendants, and the clan name thus implies that the
members of it are, or were, descended from a com-
mon ancestor. The hereditary jurisdiction of a
Highland clan, such as that of Campbell, was little
short of regal, and had a significance unequalled in
any other country where the feudal regime obtained.
A Highland chieftain was as absolute in his patri-
archal authority as any prince, being regarded as
the head of the name as well as of his feudatories.
So absolute was his authority, that, until the year
1747, the chieftain of a clan had the right of punish-
ing his vassals even by death; and in fact often
hanged them, or imprisoned them in a pit or dun-
geon where they were starved to death. As the
"Pilgrim of Glencoe" says :
"T' have breathed one grieved remonstrance to
our Chief,
The pit or gallows would have cured my grief."
The chief referred to in Thomas Campbell's poem
was Campbell of Glenlyon. No matter what a chief-
tain's orders might be, no complaint would come
from his people. Boswell heard a chieftain say to
one of his clan who, he thought, refused to carry
out an order, "Don't you know that if I order you
to go and cut a man's throat, you are to do it?"
10 History of the Campbell Family
"Yes, an't please your honor, and my own too, and
hang myself too," was the clansman's reply.
Besides his ordinary name and surname, every
Highland Chief had, as head of the clan, a patro-
nymic which was common to all his predecessors
and successors. Thus, as mentioned later, the head
of the Clan Campbell is called by the Gaelic name of
MacChaillan More; and besides this patronymic of
his office or dignity, the chief had usually another
name peculiar to himself, frequently derived from
his appearance, as the Colin Campbell of Lochow
known as Cailen Maol Maith or Bald Good
Colin, and Colin Campbell, the third Earl of Argyll,
known as Cailen Malloch or Lumpie Brow.
The Chief had a number of officers attached to
his person among whom were the Bard, the Gillie-
more or sword bearer, the Piper and the Piper's
Gillie who carried the bagpipes. Also an attendant
known as the Henchman or Haunch Man who stood
behind his chair, and another styled the Gillie-cas-
flue, whose duty it was to carry his chief, if on foot,
over the fords.
In the eyes of his people, the chieftain held the
clan territory as the common property of the clan,
and even in his own castle had not the right to
turn away a hungry clansman from the door. The
Highlanders esteemed it the most sublime degree
of virtue to love their chief and pay him a blind
obedience, and no royal proclamation could stop the
clan if the chieftain ordered it to follow him to
battle.
The clan had its appointed place of rendezvous
where they gathered at the call of their chief. When
any sudden emergency arose, the cross or tarich.
History of the Campbell Family 11
called the Fiery Cross, was immediately dispatched
through the territories of the clan. This signal
consisted of two pieces of wood, which the chieftain
fixed in the shape of a cross. One of the ends of the
crosspiece was seared in the fire, and extinguished
in the blood of a goat which had been killed by the
chief, while from the other end was suspended a
piece of linen or white cloth dipped in the blood of
the goat. The Fiery Cross was delivered to a swift
messenger, who ran at full speed, shouting the battle
cry of the clan. The cross was delivered from hand
to hand, and as each fresh runner sped on his way
the clan assembled with great celerity. At sight of
the Fiery Cross every man of the clan, from sixteen
to sixty, was obliged to instantly repair, prepared
for battle, to the place of rendezvous.
"While clamorous war pipes yelled the gathering
sound
And while the Fiery Cross glanced, like a meteor,
round."
The war pipes, mentioned by Sir Walter Scott, refer,
of course, to the bagpipe. It is not known when the
bagpipe was first introduced into Scotland, but the
Highland pipe was undoubtedly used by the clans
soon after the year 1400. The harp was also used,
not only in the hall and banqueting room, but on
the battlefield. Every clansman, from childhood,
warf trained to battle for the clan and its chief, and
to excel in hardihood and endurance. The reproach
of effeminancy was the most bitter which could be
thrown upon him. It is told of an old chieftain, of
over seventy years old, that when he and the clan
were surprised by night, he wrapped his plaid
12 History of the Campbell Family
around him and lay contentedly in the snow. His
grandson had rolled a large snowball and placed it
under his head. "Out upon thee," said the old chief,
kicking the frozen bolster away ; "art thou so effemi-
nate as to need a pillow?'' Later, at the height of
the power of the Clan Campbell, it is said that 20,000
of such men, bold and hardy, were bound to answer
the call of the MacChaillan More.
Hardy and brave as they were, much importance
was attached to omens when going forth to battle.
If they met an armed man, they believed that good
fortune and success were portended; while if they
saw a deer, fox, hare, or any four-footed game, and
did not succeed in killing it, they prognosticated evil.
If a barefooted woman crossed the road before
them, they seized her and drew blood from her fore-
head.
The clan had its own battle cry, the slogan to
which every clansman must answer. "Cruachan,*'
was that of the Campbells, from Ben Cruachan, the
mountain near Loch Awe, the original home of
the clan. In another form of the slogan, "It's a far
cry to Loch Awe," the Campbells derided their foes,
indicating the impossibility of reaching them in
their distant home, through the well defended and
sequestered passes hidden in rock and mist.
The badges of the Clan Campbell are the Roig and
the Garbhag an t'sleibhe, the Wild Myrtle and the
Fir Club Moss. The myrtle is commonly considered
the Campbell badge. The tartan of the Clan Camp-
bell is very similar to that of the Black Watch;
black, dark blue and green. The Campbells of
Breadalbane have a yellow stripe to difference what
may be called the tartan of their branch of the clan ;
History of the CampheU Family 13
while the Campbells of Inverawe tartan has a white
and yellow stripe through the black, blue and green.
West and north of a line drawn from the Firth
of Clyde across Perthshire to Stonehaven on the
east coast, are the Highlands of Scotland.
"The northern realms of ancient Caledon,
Where the proud Queen of Wilderness hath placed
By lake and cataract her lonely throne."
In that part of the Highlands known as Argyllshire
lies the ancient country of the Campbells, seagirt
on the west by the waters of the Atlantic, studded
with the countless Western Isles. Pierced by the
blue arms of the sea. Loch Etive and Loch Fyne,
and dominated by the gigantic double peaks of Ben
Cruachan, which overlook the black Pass of Brander
and the dark transparent waters of Loch Awe, the
land of the Campbells stretches in range after range
of glorious mountains, wild correis, precipitous
crags and verdant braes. It is a land of narrow
valleys, deep lochs and swiftly flowing burns, that
come tumbling down the mountain sides in many a
linn of silver flying spray. The original domain of
the Clan Campbell, the Campbells of Lochow, was,
as we have seen, the Lordship of Lochow. Their
castle of Innischonnel or Ardchonnel stood on an
island near the east side of Loch Awe. The Camp-
bells rapidly extended the territory over which they
exercised dominion, eventually supplanting the
ancient Lords of the Isles, and added to their pos-
sessions from the lands of the clans MacGregor,
MacDonald, Lamond, MacNab and MacNachtan.
The Clan Campbell always managed somehow, in
the clan conflicts, to be on the right side. What
14 History of the Campbell Family
they did not win by the sword, they gained in the
long run by diplomacy. Ere the song had been
heard, the words "The Campbells are coming" must
have many times had a sinister meaning to incon-
venient rivals of the clan, for when the Campbells
came, they came to stay. From the original Lord-
ship of Lochow, the Clan Campbell and its collateral
branches extended their domain until it embraced
well nigh all the territory now known as Argyllshire,
and also the greater part of the County of Perth.
Their possessions stretched from the Firth of Clyde
on the south, to the country of the Clan Cameron on
Loch Linnhe on the north, and from the Sound of
Jura and the Firth of Lorn on the west, in an un-
broken line through the counties of Argyll and
Perth, beyond Loch Tay to the country of the
Murrays and the Menzies on the east.
Inverary, after Innischonnel the seat of the clan,
stands on the right bank of the Ary, near the
northern end of Loch Fyne. The ancient castle
was a picturesque and military stronghold near the
water, at the foot of a high, wooded hill, Duniguoich,
used by the Campbells as a watch tower. Distant
about ten miles north of Inverary, through the
valley of Glen Ary, is the stronghold of the Camp-
bells of Glenurchy, picturesque Kilchurn Castle, on
an island in Loch Awe. Through the grim Pass of
Brander, on a bank of the rushing, sable River Awe,
is another castle of the Campbells, Inverawe; and
further westward at the mouth of Loch Etive stands
Dunstaffnage Castle, on a rocky headland jutting
into the sea. Robert I of Scotland granted to
Arthur Campbell, fourth son of Sir Colin Campbell
History of the Campbell Family 15
of Lochow, a charter of "the constabulary of Dun-
staffnage and the maines thereof." The castle is
said to have been founded by Errin, or Erinus, a
Pictish monarch contemporary with Caesar, and in
the castle was long preserved the famous stone
chair or seat, the "chair of power,'' said to have
been brought from the Holy Land. The stone is
said to have been Jacob's pillow. It was used as
the coronation chair of Kenneth Macalpine, who in
850 A. D. removed it from Dunstaffnage to Scone.
On this stone all the Scottish Kings were crowned
until 1296, when it was taken to Westminister by
Edward I. An old prophecy says, that wherever
the stone is, there a king of Scottish blood shall
reign. This prophecy has been fulfilled, for the
throne of Great Britain and Ireland is occupied
in virtue of descent from James VI of Scotland,
who ascended the English throne as James I.
To the east of the country of the Campbells, on a
high spur of the Ochill Hills, is Castle Campbell.
Accessible only by a difficult and arduous path up
the bed of a mountain burn, and across narrow
bridges over deep chasms, the castle was a veritable
fortress in which the early Campbells could resist
an army. It stands on a hillock, three hundred feet
high, between two streams known as the Burn of
Sorrow and the Bum of Care. The castle itself was
known as the Castle of Gloom, until changed to its
present name by act of Parliament in 1489, at the
request of Colin Campbell, first Earl of Argyll.
Tajonouth Castle is situated near Loch Tay, in
the Breadalbane Campbells' country. It was built
in the twelfth century by Sir Colin Campbell of
16 History of the Campbell Family
Lochow and was then known as Balloch Castle.
At the head of Loch Tay, between two rivers and
protected on the third side by the Loch, is Finlarig
Castle, the chapel of which has for centuries been
the burial place of the Campbells of Breadalbane.
«•
CHAPTER II
[HE early history of the Clan Campbell
is synonjonous with the story of the suc-
cession, affiliations and alliances of the
Campbells of Lochow, later of Argyll.
The ancestors of the, Argyll family were the
first bearers of the name, and from that stock
the Campbells of Breadalbane, Cawdor and Lou-
doun, and other subdivisions of the clan, took de-
scent. In the present chapter it is purposed to
present the early records of the Campbells of Argyll,
who obtained eminence and great influence through-
out Scotland, and have taken a most prominent part
in its national history.
It has already been told how Gillespie (Archibald)
Campbell acquired the Lordship of Lochow by mar-
riage with Eva, the heiress of Paul o Duibhne. He
was succeeded by Duncan o Duibhne Campbell, his
eldest son, who married Dervail or Dorothy, daugh-
ter of Dugald Cruachan, Thane of Over Lochow,
which estate, being at that time divided into three
parts, was now united and possessed by the Camp-
bells. Duncan died in 1097 and was succeeded by
his son, Cailen Maol Maith, or Bald Good Colin, who
married a niece of Alexander I of Scotland, by
whom he had Gillespie (Archibald) his heir. Sir
Gillespie had three sons. Sir Duncan, his successor,
Donald, who died without issue, and Dugald Camp-
bell Craignishich, who was the progenitor of the
ancient Campbells of Craignish. Sir Duncan, Knight
17
18 History of the Campbell Family
of Lochow, had two sons, Sir Archibald and Duncan
Dow. Sir Archibald married his cousin Finlay, the
daughter of Naughton MacGillivrail, and had three
sons, Archibald, his heir, Duncan and Hugh, whose
grandson Duncan married the heiress of Loudoun,
and became ancestor of the noble family of Camp-
bell of Loudoun. Sir Archibald married Errick,
daughter of the Lord of Carrick, who was mother
to Colin, his heir. Sir Colin was a distinguished
warrior and was knighted by King Alexander III
in 1280. In 1291 he was one of the nominees on
the part of Robert Bruce in the contest for the
throne of Scotland. Sir Colin greatly increased
the Campbell estates, and his distinguished bravery
gained him the appellation of Mohr or More, great.
From him the Chief of the Argyll family is in Gaelic
styled MacChaillan More.
The distinctive Mac is generally understood to
imply son, or the son of, and accordingly Mac-
Chaillan More would imply son of Chaillan. Against
this interpretation it has been contended that neither
Sir Colin's father, nor any of his immediate an-
cestors, bore the name of Chaillan; that Macbeth
was not the son of Beth, while the distinctive Mac
is found in Macpherson and Macfarquharson where
the word son is already incorporated. By those
who so reason, it is indicated that Mac may have
been originally a contraction of magnus, great or
big, as used in MacKinleith, the great place on the
Leith, Maginnis, the great island, and Carrick-
macross, the rock of the great cross. On this sup-
position, the words MacChaillan would appear to
be the Celtic orthography of Mag Allan or alaine,
from aleanus, stranger, and Mohr or More mean-
History of the Campbell Family 19
ing chief, and would therefore suggest that the
Celtic name MacChaillan More implies Great
Stranger Chief. Sir Walter Scott, however, follows
the usually accepted meaning, and refers to the
patronymic as MacCallum More or the son of Colin
the Great.
Sir Colin quarrelled with his powerful neighbor,
MacDugal Lord of Lorn, and after defeating him
in battle, was killed in the pursuit, 1294. From this
arose a long and bitter feud between the houses of
Lochow and Lorn. Sir Colin married a Sinclair, by
whom he had five sons. Sir Niel, Archibald, Dugal,
Arthur and Duncan.
Sir Niel Campbell was among the Scottish nobles
who swore allegiance to Edward I of England, but
afterwards attached himself to Robert the Bruce
and fought strenuously for that monarch through
all his struggles to the victory at Bannockburn.
Bruce rewarded him by many grants of land, in-
cluding those of the Earl of Athole, while by marry-
ing the Lady Mary Bruce, the King's sister, he
acquired a superiority in the Highlands, which his
descendants not only maintained but extended over
almost all the surrounding clans. He was one of
the Barons in the Parliament at Ayr, 1314, when
the crown of Scotland was entailed to King Robert
and his heirs. He died in 1316, and had three sons
by his first wife: Sir Colin, his successor; John,
created Earl of Athole upon the forfeiture of David
de Strathbogie, but having died without issue the
title became extinct; and Dugal. After the death
of Lady Mary, his first wife. Sir Niel married the
daughter of Cameron of Lochiel, by whom he had
a son named Duncan, from whom are the Campbells
20 History of the Campbell Family
of Inverawe and the Campbells of Lerags and
Southall.
Sir Colin Campbell, called Cailen Og or Young
Colin, obtained a charter from his uncle, King
Robert Bruce, of the lands of Lochow and Ardscod-
niche, dated at Arbroath 10th February, 13 16* The
same year he attended King Robert on his expedi-
tion to Ireland, to assist in placing Edward Bruce,
the King's brother, on the throne of that kingdom.
The Scottish army passing through a wood, in
February, 1317, King Robert issued positive orders
to his soldiers not to leave the ranks. Two English
yeomen discharged their arrows at Sir Colin, who
rode after them to avenge the insult. The King
followed and struck his nephew so violently with his
truncheon, that he was well nigh unhorsed, saying,
"Return. Your disobedience might have brought us
all to jeopardy." Sir Colin, in 1334, assisted in the
surprise and recovery of the Castle, of Dunoon, held
by the English and the adherents of Baliol. For his
services, he was made hereditary governor of
Dunoon. Sir Colin died in 1340. He married
Hellena, a daughter of the house of Lennox, by
whom he had thre^ sons and a daughter; Sir Gil-
lespie or Archibald ; John, from whom the Campbells
of Barbreck and Succoth and other families of the
name take descent; Dugal, who joined Edward
Baliol, and in consequence his lands were forfeited
and given to his eldest brother; and Alicia,' married
to Alan Lawder of Hatton.
The next head of the clan. Sir Gillespie or Archi-
bald Campbell, after adding largely to the family es-
tates, died in 1372. He was twice married, first to a
lady of the family of Mentieth, and secondly, to
History of the Campbell Family 21
Mary, daughter of Sir John Lamond, by whom he
had two sons and a daughter ; Sir Colin and Duncan,
progenitor of the Campbells of Glenfeachan, and
Hellena, married first to the Earl of Ross and sec-
ondly to the Earl of Lennox.
His son. Sir Colin Campbell, was known as
Cailen longataich, both from the signal good for-
tune which constantly attended him, and also on ac-
count of his unusual and fanciful ideas. Shortly
before his death he threw all his treasures into
Loch Fyne, to avoid any quarrel among his sons
concerning them. He burned Inverary Castle, then
approaching completion, as being an unworthy resi-
dence, in its unfinished state, of some noblemen of
the O'Neils, who were about to visit him from Ire-
land. He considered his new field equipage more
fitting their occupancy than an unfinished castle.
His good fortune stood him in good stead when in
order to make way for the succession of his brother,
the McCallums of Inniskeodnish, after shutting up
every opening, set fire to a barn in which he was
sleeping. Awakened by the heat of his armor. Sir
Colin forced his way through the roof, and plunged
into a linn, which is still known as Linne-na-Lu-
raich, or coat of mail linn. He died in 1413. He
was married to Margaret, daughter of Sir John
Drummond of Stobhall, sister of Annabella, Queen
of Robert IH. He had three sons. Sir Duncan, John
and Colin; and a daughter, married to Macfarlane
of Arrochar. Colin, the third son, was designed of
Ardkinglass, and of his family the Campbells of
Ardintenny, Dunoon, Carrick, Skipnish, Blyths-
wood, Shawfield, Rachan, Auchwillan and Der-
nachie are branches.
22 History of the Campbell Family
The first of the family to assume the designation
of Argyll, was Sir Duncan Campbell. He was one
of the hostages in 1424, under the name of Duncan,
Lord of Argyll, to secure the payment of £40,000 for
the maintenance of James I during his long im-
prisonment in England. He was appointed by
James I one of his Privy Council, and constituted
his Judiciary and Lieutenant within the shire of
Argyll ; and became Lord of Parliament, under the
title of Lord Campbell in 1445. He was accounted
one of the most wealthy barons in Scotland. He
died in the year 1453 and was buried at Eilmun.
He married, first, the Lady Marjory Stewart, daugh-
ter of Robert, Duke of Albany and Governor of
Scotland. They had three sons, Celestine, who died
before him; Archibald, who also predeceased him,
but left a son, Colin; and Colin, who was the first
of Glenurchy, and ancestor of the Breadalbane fam-
ily. Sir Duncan married, secondly, Margaret,
daughter of Sir John Stewart of Blackball and
Auchingown, natural son of Robert III, by whom
he also had three sons, Duncan, the ancestor of the
house of Auchinbreck, of whom are, according to
Crauford, the Campbells of Glencardel, Glensaddel,
Kilkdurkland, Kilmorie, Westerkeams, Kilberry
and Danna; Niel, progenitor of the Campbells of
EUengreig and Ormadale; and Arthur or Archi-
bald, ancestor of the Campbells of Ottar. By some
authorities it is said that the Campbells of Auchin-
breck and their cadets, also EUengreig and Orma-
dale, take descent from the youngest son, and not
from his brothers.
The first Lord Campbell was succeeded by his
grandson, Colin, created Earl of Argyll in 1457 and
History of the Campbell Family 23
Lord of Lorn in 1470. On the death of his father,
Archibald, the second son of Duncan, Lord Camp-
bell, he was placed under the care of his uncle, Sir
Colin Campbell of Glenurchy, who concluded a
match between him and Isabel Stewart, the eldest
of the three daughters and coheiresses of John,
third Lord of Lorn. There are some doubts as to
the precise mode in which Argyll acquired the Lord-
ship of Lorn; for although he married one of the
heiresses of the line, the lordship appears to have
been entailed on heirs male. He soon, however,
overcame all difficulties and possessed the lordship
without opposition. In 1483 he received the office of
Lord High Chancellor of Scotland, but having, in
1487, joined the conspiracy of the nobles against
the King, he was in England at the time James III
"happinit to be slain." After the accession of
James IV he was restored to the office of Lord High
Chancellor. He died 10th May, 1493, leaving two
sons, Archibald, his successor, and Thomas, ances-
tor of the Campbells of Lundy; and seven daugh-
ters. It is from Colin, first Earl of Argyll, that the
greatness of the house properly dates. Besides the
Lordship and arms of Lorn, he also acquired that
of Campbell and Castle Campbell in the parish of
Dollar, and received a grant of many lands in
Enapdale, along with the keeping of Castle Sweyn,
which had formerly been held by the Lords of the
Isles. In the southwestern Highlands he laid the
foundation of that unrivalled influence which the
house of Argyll has enjoyed for many centuries.
Archibald Campbell, second Earl of Argyll, suc-
ceeded his father in 1493, and is described as Lord
High Chancellor in a charter to him of half the
24 History of the Campbeli Family
lands of Inchima, Rusky and other estates in the
County of Argyll. He received a conunission from
the King of Lieutenandry, with the fullest powers,
over the Lordship of the Isles. In 1503 the insurrec-
tion of the Islanders broke out under Donald Dubh,
who had escaped from his prison. This Donald
Dubh was believed by the Islanders to have been
the son of one of the daughters of the first Earl
of Argyll, who had married Angus Og, the Bastard
of the Isles, son of John of the Isles. Angus Og
had rebelled against his father, and father and son
fought at Bloody Bay, when the child Donald Dubh
was carried off by Athole, and confined by the Earl
of Argyll in the Castle of Innischonnel about the
year 1480. Archibald, second Earl of Argyll was,
with the Earl of Huntly and others, charged by the
King with the suppression of the insurrection of the
Islanders, and after its suppression, in 1506, the
Lordship of the Isles was shared by him and Huntly,
the latter being placed over the northern region,
while the south Isles and adjacent coast were under
Argyll. At the fatal Battle of Flodden, 9th Sept.,
1513, the Earl of Argyll and his brother-in-law, the
Earl of Lennox, commanded the right wing of the
royal army; and with James IV were both killed
in that sanguinary engagement. By his wife, Lady
Elizabeth Stewart, eldest daughter of John, first
Earl of Lennox, he had four sons and six daughters.
He was succeeded by his eldest son, Colin ; his sec-
ond son, Archibald, had a charter of the lands of
Skipnish; Sir John Campbell, the third son, at first
styled Lorn and afterwards of Calder, married Mu-
riella, daughter and heiress of Sir John Calder of
Calder, now Cawdor, the Campbells of Ardchattan,
History of the Campbell Family 25
Airds and Cluny being collateral descendants; and
Donald, the fourth son, was Abbot of Cupar and
ancestor of the Campbells of Keithock. Lady Eliza-
beth Campbell, one of the Earl's six daughters, mar-
ried Lauchlan Cattanach Maclean of Dowart.
Either from the circumstance of their union being
unfruitful, or more probably owing to some domes-
tic quarrel, Lauchlan Maclean determined to get rid
of his wife. Maclean caused his lady to be left on
a rock which was only visible at low water, intend-
ing that she should be swept away by the tide. This
rock lies between the Island of Lismore and the
coast of Mull, and is still known by the name of the
"Lady's Rock." She was rescued by a boat acci-
dentally passing and conveyed to her brother's
castle, where Maclean shortly arrived in sables to
announce her death. He bewailed the untimely
death of his lady, and said he would bring the body
to Inverary. Argyll caused a room to be prepared
for the body. When the dinner hour arrived Argyll,
in bitter scorn, introduced Maclean to his wife,
seated at the head of the table in the hall. The
rights of hospitality in those days did not permit
Argyll punishing him on the spot. He bade him
begone and beware of Calder, who had vowed ven-
geance for the treatment his sister had received.
Campbell of Calder stabbed Maclean in his bed in
Edinburgh.
The third Earl of Argyll, Colin Campbell, was
known as Cailen Malloch or Lumpie Brow, from a
lump that formed between his brows when enraged.
Immediately after succeeding his father, in 1513,
he was charged with the suppression of the High-
land chiefs in support of Sir Donald of Lochlash,
26 History of the Campbell Family
whom they had proclaimed Lord of the Isles. The
death of Sir Donald relieved Argyll from further
anxiety. In February, 1525, Argyll was appointed
one of the Governors of the Kingdom, after the re-
tirement of the Duke of Albany to France. He was
intimately concerned in the scheme for "the King's
Erection,^' or proclamation as Monarch, and after
the escape of King James from Falkland, in May,
1528, joined him in Stirling, accompanying him to
Edinburgh as one of his most trusted counsellors.
On 6th December, 1528, Argyll received a charter
for the Barony of Abernethy, forfeited by the Earl
of Angus, and afterwards received confirmation of
the hereditary Shrievalty of Argyllshire. Also of
the offices of Justiciary of Scotland and Master of
the Household, by which these offices became he-
reditary in his family. He died in 1542. By his
wife. Lady Jane Gordon, eldest daughter of the
third Earl of Huntly, he had three sons, Archibald,
his heir; John, ancestor of the Campbells of Loch-
nell, of whom the families of Balerno and Stonefield
descended; and Alexander, Dean of Moray. Also,
a daughter, Margaret, married to James, Earl of
Moray, natural son of James IV.
Archibald Campbell, fourth Earl of Argyll, in
a charter to him of the King's lands of Cardross in
Dumbartonshire, is called "master of the King's wine
cellar." James V died on the 14th December, 1542,
and on the 19th December, Cardinal Beaton, with
the Earls of Argyll, Arran, Huntly and Moray were
proclaimed, at Edinburgh Cross, as Regents. After
the arrest of Beaton, 20th January, 1543, Argyll
returned to the Highlands to muster a force to
maintain a struggle against the Earl of Arran, who
History of the CampbeU Family 27
had been chosen Governor. Eventually Argyll, with
the Earls of Huntly, Lennox and Bothwell, secured
the charge of the infant Queen, whom they took in
triumph to Stirling. Henry VIII of England de-
manded the custody of the young Queen till she
should be of ,age to complete the marriage he wished
contracted between her and his son, Edward, Prince
of Wales. The impatient temper of the English
monarch ruined his own scheme, and in consequence
the English invaded Scotland, plundering the coun-
try, until their defeat at Ancram Moor, 1545. Tra-
dition says that an Amazonian Scottish woman, of
the name of Lillyard, followed her lover into this
battle, and when he fell, she herself rushed into the
heat of the fight, and was killed, after accounting
for several of the English. A monument was erected
to her memory, with an inscription, now defaced,
which is said to have run thus :
Fair maiden Lillyard lies under this stane,
Little was her stature, but great was her fame ;
Upon the English louns she laid many thumps,
And when her legs were cutted off, she fought
upon her stumps.
At the Battle of Pinkie, 10th September, 1547,
Argyll with 4,000 Highlanders held command of the
right wing of the Scottish army. On the forfeiture
of the estates of the Earl of Lennox, who had gone
over to the side of the English King, Argyll received
the largest share, and the power of the Campbells
further increased. At an early period, Argyll came
under the influence of Knox, and he subscribed the
first band of Scottish reformers. He died in Au-
gust, 1558. His sword is in the Antiquarian Mu-
28 History of the Campbell Family
seum, Edinburgh. On the blade is the date 1543,
immediately below the blazon of the Argylls, the
gyronny of eight, and the lymphad of Lorn. On the
reverse of the blade may be read: "God's strength
and the nation's," and a hand holding a sword erect.
The fourth Earl married, first, Lady Helen Hamil-
ton, eldest daughter of the first Earl of Arran, by
whom he had one son, Archibald, his successor ; and
secondly. Lady Margaret Graham, only daughter of
the Earl of Mentieth, by whom he had one son,
Colin, and two daughters.
The fifth Earl, Archibald Campbell, was one of
the leaders of the lords of the congregation, but for
some time adhered to the party of the Queen
Mother. In 1559, however, he and Lord James
Stuart, afterwards Earl of Moray, left Edinburgh,
which the Queen Mother had garrisoned with
French troops, and gathering 13,000 followers took
the field against the Queen. The Queen's forces
retreated to Forfar, and Argyll and his supporters
entered Edinburgh. The death of the Queen Regent
on 10th June, 1560, put an end to hostilities for the
time, and Argyll was one of those who received
Queen Mary on her arrival at Leith, 19th August,
1561. In August, 1563, Queen Mary visited the
Earl to witness deer hunting, but so strong was his
opposition to the Queen's marriage to Darnley, that
when he visited Edinburgh to "keep the day of law"
against the Earl of Bothwell, on trial for treason,
he brought with him 7,000 men. After the murder
of Rizzio, Queen Mary was glad to be reconciled.
That the murder had Argyll's sanction there can be
no doubt, but he was not present when it was com-
mitted. Also that he signed the bond at Craig-
History of the Campbell Family 29
miliar for the murder of Darnley, there can be no
doubt. It was in the company of Argyll and his
Countess that the Queen spent the evening after
she had left her husband to his fate. He was one
of the Council of Regency when the Queen con-
sented to demit the government in favor of her son,
but on her escape from Lochleven he joined her at
Hamilton, and was at the Battle of Langside, the
final and fatal defeat of the Queen, 13th May, 1568.
After the flight of Queen Mary to England, Argyll
retired to Dunoon, but on Morton obtaining the re-
gency in 1572 he was made Lord Chancellor. He
died 12th September, 1573. His Countess, Queen
Mary's half sister, having died without issue, was
buried in the Abbey of Holyrood House, and he
married a second time, Johanetta, daughter of the
Earl of Glencairn, but by neither marriage had he
any issue, and the title passed to his brother, Colin
Campbell of Boquhan.
After the death of his first wife, Janet, eldest
daughter of the first Lord Methven, Colin, the sixth
Earl of Argyll, married the Countess of Moray,
widow of the Regent. During the regency, Moray
had been entrusted with the custody of the Queen's
jewels, and his widow had come thus into posses-
sion of the famous diamond, "the Great Harry."
For refusing to give this up, the Earl and his wife
were "put to the horn," 1573-4. The Countess ap-
pealed to Parliament, but in the end the Earl deliv-
ered up the jewel. This circumstance and other
events caused a quarrel between Argyll and Morton,
and although they were reconciled by the King,
enmity still lurked between them. Argyll was one
of the jury who brought a verdict against Morton,
30 History of the Campbell Family
1st June, 1581, for the murder of Darnley. He died
at Tarnoway, October, 1584. By his first wife he
had no issue, but by his second wife he had two
sons, Archibald, the seventh Earl, and Sir Colin
Campbell of Lundy, who was created a baronet
in 1627.
Born in 1576, and therefore only eight years old
on the death of his father, Archibald Campbell
called Gruamach or Stern, the seventh Earl, was
placed under the care of his mother, who was to
have the advice of Duncan Campbell of Glenurchy
and five other heads of branches of the family.
Quarrels arose among them and Archibald Camp-
bell of Lochnell, the nearest heir to the Earldom,
entered into a conspiracy with the Earl of Huntly
to effect the murder of Campbell of Calder, the Earl
of Moray and the young Earl of Argyll. Moray
was murdered in February, 1592, by a party of
Gordons, Calder >Vas shot by a hackbut and Argyll
was attacked by illness, supposed to be the result
of poison. When little more than sixteen years of
age, Argyll was married, in 1592, to^ Lady Anne
Douglas, daughter of the first Earl of Morton. He
suppressed the lawless Clan Donald, after which, in
1617, he received from the King a grant of their
country which included the whole of Kintyre. But
he found himself impoverished rather than enriched
by his acquisitions, and had to leave the country,
not being able to give satisfaction to his creditors.
He went to West Flanders, and his departure w^s
lampooned in verse, of which the following are the
first two lines :
"Now Earl of Guile and Lord Forlorn thou goes
Quitting thy Prince to serve his foreign foes."
History of the Campbell Family 31
In 1621 he was again declared the King's free liege
and afterwards returned to England, where he died,
in London, in 1638. He had one son, Archibald,
and four daughters by his first wife, and by his sec-
ond, one son and one daughter.
In "Tales of a Grandfather," Sir Walter Scott
states, that when King James of Scotland ordered
a general mourning on account of the execution of
Mary, Queen of Scots, "the Earl of Argyll ap-
peared at court in armor, as if that were the proper
way of showing the national sense of the treatment
which Mary had received." Mary, Queen of Scots,
was beheaded on the 8th February, 1587. The sev-
enth Earl of Argyll succeeded to the Earldom in
1584, when he was eight years of age. At the time
of the execution of Queen Mary he must therefore
have been only eleven years old.
The Argyll Tower in Edinburgh Castle is named
from the next two chiefs of the Campbells of Argyll,
father and son, one of whom was imprisoned in the
tower in 1661, the other in 1685. Both were be-
headed. The first of the two chieftains, Archibald
Campbell, eighth Earl and afterwards Marquess of
Argyll, on becoming possessed of his father's es-
tates, "was by far the most powerful subject in the
kingdom." It was estimated that he held command
of 20,000 men, and within his own territory was, by
virtue of his special office of Justiciary, a potentate
exercising almost royal power. His great abilities
and prudent counsel called him, in 1626, at the age
of twenty-eight to the office of Privy Councillor to
King Charles I. He was created Marquess of Ar-
gyll in 1641. When the King surrendered to the
Scottish army in 1646, he intrusted Argyll with a
32 History of the Campbell Family
secret commission to consult the Duke of Richmond
and the Marquis of Hereford as to the expediency
of the Scots Parliament and army declaring for the
King. They advised against this course, as it might
prove his ruin by turning it into a national dispute.
In the following year he therefore dissented from a
majority in Parliament on the vote in favor of the
Duke of Hamilton leading an army into England
for the relief of the King. On the defeat of the
Duke of Hamilton and his army, Scotland was left
entirely in the power of Argyle, who prevented
Cromwell making an absolute conquest of it. On
the first notice of the execution of King Charles,
Argyll proclaimed his son, by such action refuting
the groundless conjecture that Cromwell had com-
municated to Argyll his desire against the King's
life, and that it had been approved by him. The
Marquess placed the crown on the head of King
Charles II at Scone, 1st June, 1651, and swore alle-
giance, but disapproved of the measure adopted by
the King marching into England. On the restora-
tion, 1660, the Marquess was accused of a multi-
tude of crimes by his enemy, the Earl of Middleton,
who was sent purposely on his trial as Lord Com-
missioner to the Parliament of Scotland, February,
1661. Notwithstanding the fullest and keenest in-
vestigation to blacken his character and convict
him, the only species of treason that could at last
be fixed upon to affect Argyll was that common to
all his judges, the submitting and owning the gov-
ernment established in Scotland during the triumph
of Cromwell. Argyll was sentenced, Saturday, 25th
May, 1661, 'That he should be beheaded on Mon-
day following at the Cross of Edinburgh, his head
History of the Campbell Family 33
set up, where one Marquess of Montrose's formerly
stood, and his coat of arms torn before the Parlia-
ment at the Cross/' He addressed a calm and dig-
nified protest to his judges, beginning, "I had the
honor to set the Crown upon the King's head, and
now he hastens me to a better Crown than his own."
With his last words on the scaffold he declared, "I
am free from any accession, by knowledge, contriv-
ing, counsel or any way to his late Majesty's death/'
The Marquess was married to Lady Margaret
Douglas, daughter of the Earl of Morton, and had
two sons. Lord Archibald, his successor, and Lord
Niel Campbell of Armaddy ; also three daughters.
Destined to suffer the same fate as his father,
Archibald Campbell, afterwards ninth Earl of Ar-
gyll, was educated under his father's eye in the
principles of loyalty. When King Charles II was
invited to receive the crown, the then Lord Archi-
bald Campbell was appointed Colonel of His Maj-
esty's Foot Guards, by special commission from the
King, 1650. He fought at the Battle of Dunbar
and at Worcester. His zeal for the King's service
made him so obnoxious to Cromwell that he, then
Lord Lorn, was excepted from the general indem-
nity of 1654. He did not capitulate till he had
orders from the King so to do, 31st December, 1655.
But upon the restoration of the King, the enemies
of the family of Argyll charged him with creating
dissensions between the King and his subjects. He
was brought to trial before the Parliament of Scot-
land, at the time subservient to the Earl of Middle-
ton, and, on 26th August, 1662, was condemned to
lose his head. By the command of the King this
sentence was remitted in 1663, and Lord Lorn re-
34 History of the Campbell Family
stored to the honors, title and estates of his grand-
father. But in the year 1681 he opposed the
schemes of the Duke of York, who was so enraged
that all methods imaginable were devised to ruin
him. He was eventually tried on the pretense of
putting his own meaning upon an Act passed for
establishing a test, by which all who were in em-
ployment, or should be so, were obliged to take an
oath not to attempt any change in the constitution
of Church or State. Many nobility expressed their
scruples upon the oath; others refused it. The
Marquis of Queensberry would not take it without
an explanation. The Earl of Argyll thought the
same, and being summoned to take the oath as a
Privy Councillor declared, "That he took the oath
as far as consistent with the Protestant religion,
and not to bind up himself from any alteration in
Church and State not repugnant to his loyalty, and
necessary for the public safety." His enemies con-
strued it disloyalty and he was confined as prisoner
in Edinburgh Castle. He was found guilty of high
treason and sentenced to death, 12th December,
1681. He, however, made his escape through the
ready mind of his stepdaughter. Lady Sophia Lind-
say of Balcarres. On a stormy night Lady Sophia
came to bid him farewell, and when she left, the
Earl disguised as her footman, held her train. At
the gate of the Castle the sentinel seized his arm,
which so alarmed the Earl that he dropped the
lady's train in the mud. Simulating anger at his
clumsiness, Lady Sophia slapped the muddy train
across the Earl's face, which so amused the sentinel
that his suspicions were forgotten, and he allowed
them to pass. He went to Holland, where he con-
History of the Campbell Family 35
tinued during the remainder of the reign of Charles
II. On the accession of James II in 1685, the Earl
with a small force invaded Scotland, was totally
routed near Kilpatrick, taken prisoner, sent to Ed-
inburgh Castle, and beheaded at the Market Cross,
30th June, 1685. The last day of the Earl has been
commemorated by a great fresco in the lobby of
the House of Commons in London, based on Ma-
caulay's description, "so effectually had religious
faith and hope, co-operating with natural courage
and equanimity, composed his spirits that on the
very day on which he was to die, he dined with ap-
petite, conversed with gaiety at table, and after his
last meal, lay down, as he was wont, to take a short
slumber, in order that his body and mind might be
in full vigor when he would mount the scaffold,'*
and an observer told, "I have seen Argyll within
an hour of eternity sleeping as sweetly as ever man
did."
He Was twice married, first to Lady Mary Stew-
art, daughter of the Earl of Murray, by whom he
had four sons, Archibald, his successor; John of
Mammore; Charles, a colonel in the army, and
James, a captain in the army; and two daughters.
His second wife was Lady Ann, daughter of the
Earl of Seaforth, the relict of the second Earl of
Balcarres.
Such was the early story of the Clan Campbell
as represented by the house of Argyll. The next
generation carries us a long step forward in civili-
zation, but before making reference to Campbells
of later generations, some account will be given in
the next chapter of the various branches of the
clan.
CHAPTER III
r families of note aprung from the
at Clan Campbell of Ai-gyll. As
wn in the previous chapter, a
inger son of the chief of the clan, in
many instances branched from the main stock and
founded a family, designated, according to custom,
by the name of his property. Such cadets of the
ancient and noble family of Campbell were both
numerous and powerful.
The most distinguished of these families is that
of Campbell of Glenurchy, subsequently Earls, and
now Marquess of Breadalbane in Perthahire. Sir
Colin Campbell, the Black Knight of Rhodes, an-
cestor of the Breadalbane branch, and the first of
the house of Glenurchy, was the third son of Dun-
can, first Lord Campbell of Argyll. The estate of
Glenurchy was settled on Sir Colin by his father.
It had come into the Campbell family in the reign
of King David II, by the marriage of Margaret
Glenurchy with John Campbell. Sir Colin was bom
about 1400. He was one of the Knights of Rhodes,
afterwards known of Malta, and an old family man-
uscript preserved in Taymouth Castle, called the
Black Book of Taymouth, says that "throch his
valiant actis and manheid he was maid knicht in the
Isle of Rhodes, quhilk standeth in the Carpathian
Sea near to Caria, and countrie of Asia the less,
and he was three sundrie tymes in Rome." After
36
History of the Campbell Family 37
the murder of James I in 1427, he actively pursued
the regicides, and brought two of them to justice,
for which service King James III afterwards be-
stowed upon him the Barony of Lawers. In 1440
he built the Castle of Kilchurn, now a picturesque
ruin.
"Grey and stern
Stands, like a spirit of the past, lone old Kil-
churn."
Tradition, however, names his second wife as the
builder, during his long absence on a crusade. Con-
nected with this castle is an old legend, that once
while in Rome, Sir Colin had a singular dream. A
monk, to whom he applied, advised him that he
should instantly return home to avoid a serious do-
mestic calamity. He hastened immediately to
Scotland, and arrived at a place called Succoth,
where an old woman dwelt who had been his nurse.
Disguised as a beggar he asked food and shelter.
From a scar on his arm he was recognized by the
old woman, who informed him that for a long pe-
riod no tidings had been received o;f him, and it
was reported that he had fallen in battle in the
Holy Land. As he had repeatedly sent messages
to his wife he at once suspected treachery. His
suspicions were correct, for a neighboring baron
named Mac Corquadale had intercepted and mur-
dered his messengers, and, having convinced the lady
of the death of her husband, had prevailed upon her
to consent to marry him, the next day being fixed
for the wedding. Early next morning Sir Colin,
still in the disguise of a beggar, set out for Kil-
churn Castle. As he stood in the courtyard of the
Castle a servant asked him what he wanted. "To
38 History of the Campbell Family
have my hunger satisfied and my thirst quenched/'
was his reply. Food and liquor were brought him.
He partook of the food, but refused the latter, ex-
cept from the hand of the lady herself. Being told
of this, she came and handed him a cup of wine.
Sir Colin drank, and dropping a ring into the empty
cup returned it to her. She recognized the ring as
her own gift to her husband, and threw herself into
his arms. The baron Mac Corquadale was after-
wards attacked and overcome by Sir Colin's son
and successor, who is said to have taken possession
of his castle and estates. The date of Sir Colin's
death is by some given as prior to June, 1478, while
other writers state that he died in 1498, full of age
and honors, and was buried at the west end of
Loch Tay, in the Chapel of the Blessed Virgin at
Finlarig, which became the tomb of the family. He
was four times married. His first wife was a
daughter of Duncan, Earl of Lennox, who died
without issue. By his second. Lady Margaret Stew-
art, daughter and co-heiress of John, Lord of Lorn,
he had Duncan, his heir. With her, he received the
third of the lands of Lorn and quarters the arms
of Lorn with his own. He married, thirdly, Mar-
garet Robertson of Strowan. A daughter of this
marriage, Margaret, married Napier of Merchis-
ton of whom Lord Napier and Ettrick is descended.
His fourth wife was Margaret, daughter of Luke
Stirling of Keir. By her he had John, ancestor of
the family of Lawers and a daughter, Margaret,
married to William Stewart of Ballindoran or Bal-
quihidder.
He was succeeded by his son. Sir Duncan, who
obtained, from James IV, charters for Glenlyon,
History of the Campbell Family 39
Finlarig, and for the Port of Loch Tay; also for
the bailiary of these lands. The many risings of
the Clan MacrGegor gave the Campbells the oppor-
tunity to suppress them, for which they obtained
grants of the lands of that clan from the Crown.
Sir Duncan was killed, With his kinsman of Argyll,
at the Battle of Flodden, 1513. He had three sons.
Sir Colin, Archibald, ancestor of the Campbells of
Glenlyon, and Patrick.
Sir Colin Campbell of Glenurchy succeeded his
father and had three sons. Sir Duncan, John and
Colin, and a daughter, Catherine, who married Sir
William Murray of TuUibardine, ancestor of the
Duke of Athole.
The next laird of Glenurchy, Sir Duncan, died
without male issue, and was succeeded by his
brother, Sir John, who also died without male issue.
The youngest of the three brothers, Sir Colin,
succeeded and was an active reformer of Church
government about the years 1560-73, during which
period he sat in Parliament. He died 11th April,
1583. By his wife, Catherine, daughter of Lord
Ruthven, he had four sons. Sir Duncan, his heir;
Colin of Ardbeath, Patrick and Archibald. By the
marriages of his four daughters the family of
Glenurchy was strengthened by many noble alli-
ances. Beatrix married Sir John Campbell of
Lawers ; from a younger son of Beatrix and Sir John
the family of Campbell of Aberuchill took descent;
Margaret, married to the Earl of Glencairn, was
mother to his heir, also to Lady Cunningham of
Glengarnock, the Marchioness of Hamilton and to
Lady Hamilton of Evandale, afterwards Lady Max-
well of Calderwood. Mary, another daughter of
40 History of the Campbell Family
Sir Colin, married, first, William Earl of Mentieth,
and after his death, Sir Colin Campbell of Lundie,
son of the sixth Earl of Argyll ; Elizabeth married
Sir John Campbell of Ardkinglass.
The first Baronet of Glenurchy, Sir Duncan
Campbell, succeeded his father, and was named by
James VI one of the Barons that assisted at the cor-
onation of his Queen, Anne, 18th May, 1590. In
1625 he was created a Baronet, receiving at the
same time a grant of 15,000 acres of land in Nova
Scotia. He was probably the first of the Scottish
lairds to bring in fallow deer, for it is recorded in
the Black Book of Taymouth, that in 1614 he took
a lease of the Isle of Inchesaile from the Earl of
Argyll, and in 1615 "put fallow deir and cunnyngis"
therein. He died in 1631.
In 1681, Sir John Campbell of Glenurchy, named
Ian Glass from his dark complexion, obtained a pat-
ent creating him Earl of Breadalbane and Holland.
It has been said of him that he was as cunning as
a fox, wise as a serpent and slippery as an eel. On
his marriage, in 1657, to Lady Mary Rich, daughter
of the Earl of Holland, he received as^her dowry
the then considerable sum of £10,000, which was
paid in coin and placed on the back of a strong geld-
ing, guarded on each side by a well armed, sturdy
Highlander from London to Breadalbane.
For the modest sum of £12,000 the Earl of Bread-
albane, in 1691, undertook to pacify the Highlands.
The Government supplied him with the money, it
being understood that with this sum the Earl would
buy the allegiance of the most important chieftains.
They demanded more than he had intended to give
them, and Breadalbane had to part with every
penny.
History of the Campbell Family 41
Conspicuous among the chieftains who had upset
the Earl's calculations was Alexander MacDonald,
chief of a small but warlike clan that dwelt in the
Vale of Glencoe, one of the wildest and most inacces-
sible of the West Highland glens.
"The Vale, by eagle-haunted cliffs o'erhung,
Where Fingal fought and Ossian's harp was
strung."
The clan had frequently given the Campbells, its
nearest neighbors, good cause to remember it.
When it was announced that every chieftain ih the
Highlands should take the oath of allegiance before
the 1st of January, 1692, Alexander MacDonald of
Glencoe postponed taking the required oath until
the stipulated time had nearly elapsed. When he
set out for the purpose of complying with the order,
he was detained by the snowdrifts in the passes. He
reached Fort William a few days before the expira-
tion of December, but found that the Governor of
the fort was not empowered to administer the oath,
but gave him a letter to Sir Colin Campbell of
Arkdinglass, sheriff -depute of Argyll. The weather
still retarded his journey, and was so severe that
the sheriff was detained three days before he could
meet Glencoe at Inverary. On the earnest solicita-
tion of the old chieftain, Ardkinglass administered
the oath, and Glencoe, having, on January 6th,
sworn allegiance, returned home believing himself
and his clansmen were now in safety. Meanwhile
Breadalbane had gone to London ; Dalr3miple, Mas-
ter of Stair, then Secretary for Scotland, had been
arranging a plan for extirpating the MacDonalds,
and a proclamation was drawn up and signed by
42 History of the Campbell Family
the Kins: : ''It will be proper for the vindicatioii of
publick justice to extirpate that sett of thieves.
W. R." On the 1st of February, Captain Robert
Campbell, of Glenlyon, with 120 men of Argyll's
regiment, entered Glencoe under pretense of quar-
tering there in friendship, and for almost a fort-
night the slayers and the appointed victims spent
the time in merriment. At five o'clock on the mom-
ing of the 13th February, the crack of musket shots
let the MacDonalds know why the soldiers had
come among them. Thirty-eight, including the old
chief and his two sons, were sh6t down. How many
of the fugitives perished among the snow-clad hills
will never be known.
Another titled branch of the Clan Campbell is
that of Campbell of Cawdor, the founder of which
family was Sir John Campbell, third son of the sec-
ond Earl of Argyll. The name was originally
Calder, but it was known in the later form to
Shakespeare, who makes the witches in Macbeth
hail him as Thane of Cawdor. This spelling of the
name was adopted as the family title when the peer-
age was conferred in 1796.
According to tradition, Muriella, the wife of Sir
John Campbell, and heiress of Sir John Calder of
Calder, was captured in childhood by Campbell of
Inverliver and a party of Campbells, while out with
her nurse near Calder Castle. After her capture
the Campbells were conveying her to Inverary, but
her uncle, Alexander and Hugh Calder, overtook
them in Strathnairn, and would have rescued Mu-
riella but for the ingenuity of Campbell of Inver-
liver, who, seeing their approach, inverted a large
camp kettle as if to conceal her, and commanding
History of the Campbell Family 43
his seven sons to defend it to the death, hurried on
with his prize. The seven sons bravely fulfilled
their trust, tchc they were all slain, but when the
Calders lifted up the camp kettle, no Muriella was '
there. Meanwhile so much time had been gained
by Campbell that further pursuit was useless. The
tradition tells that the nurse, at the moment the
child was seized, bit off a joint of her little finger,
in order to mark her identity. Such a precaution
would seem to have been necessary, judging from
Campbell of Auchinbreck's reply to one who, in the
midst of their congratulations on arriving safely
with the heiress, asked what was to be done should
the child die before she was marriageable. ''She
can never die," said he, "as long as a red-haired
lassie can be found on either side of Loch Awe."
From this it would appear that the young heiress
had red hair. She was married to Sir John Camp-
bell in 1510, and from them descended another John
Campbell, who was elevated to the peerage of Great
Britain, 21st June, 1796, by the title of Baron
Cawdor, and whose son, John Frederick Campbell,
was created Earl Cawdor and Viscount Emlyn in
1827.
Cawdor Castle, the family seat, was built round a
hawthorn tree, which rose like a pillar through the
rooms of the Castle. The tradition is that a wise
man counselled the Thane of Cawdor to load an ass
with a chest full of gold, and to build his castle with
the money in the chest, at the third hawthorn tree
at which the animal should stop.
The Campbells of Loudoun descended from Hugh
Campbell, third son of the seventh Knight of Lo-
chow, whose grandson, Sir Duncan Campbell, mar-
44 History of the Campbell Family
ried Susannah Crawfurd, the daughter and sole
heiress of Sir Reginald Crawfurd, who died in 1303.
By her. Sir Duncan obtained the Barony of Loudoun
and hereditary sheriffdom of Ayr. The Barony of
Loudoun, Ayrshire, which gave title to this noble
branch of the house of Campbell, belonged in the
reign of David I to one Lambinus, who was father
of James de Loudoun, feudal Lord of Loudoun, of
which he obtained a charter, with other lands, from
Richard de Morville, Constable of Scotland. Sir
James de Loudoun left an only daughter and heir-
ess, Margaret de Loudoun, who married Sir Regi-
nald de Crawfurd. The above Susannah Crawfurd
was fifth in descent from Sir Reginald. From the
marriage of Sir Duncan Campbell and Susannah
CrawfurcJ the Loudoun estates passed from father
to son to Sir Hugh Campbell, first Lord Loudoun,
a Privy Councillor in the time of James VI. He
was created a Lord of Parliament, 30th June, 1601,
by the title Lord Campbell of Loudoun. His only
son predeceased him, and he was succeeded by his
granddaughter, Margaret. In 1629, Margaret Bar-
oness Loudoun married Sir James Campbell of
Lawers, who was elevated to the peerage 12th May,
1633, by the titles Earl of Loudoun, Lord Tarrin-
zean and Mauchline.
Among the following branches of the house of
Campbell some families claim as their immediate
ancestor a younger son of the chief of the clan, as
mentioned at the beginning of this chapter. Others
named are collateral branches, sprung from cadets
of these families, and again others are subdivisions
of the collateral branches. The first named are
among the families who claim immediate descent
History of the Campbell Family 45
from the original stock of Lochow, later of Argyll.
The ancient family of Campbell of Craignish,
known by the patronjrmic Clan DouU Craignish,
dates back to about the year 1150. They took de-
scent from Dugald Campbell, third son of Sir Archi-
bald Campbell, fourth of the name of Campbell of
Lochow. Dugald was fostered by the owner of
Nether Craignish, in Argyllshire, who settled the
estate upon him and his wife. Dugald and his pos-
terity in a direct male line possessed the estate of
Craignish for seven generations, until Christiana
Campbell became the sole heiress, and part of the
estate was acquired by the Argyll family. Ronald
Campbell succeeded to the remaining part of the
Barony of Craignish, from whom descended a long
line of Campbells of Craignish. The story is told
that Donald Campbell, who was of Craignish in
1660, was a man of extraordinary stature. His
arms were so long that he could place his hands
between his knees when standing upright. The
story says that he met and vanquished the great
Rob Roy in the grounds of Craignish.
A branch of the Craignish family, the Campbells
of Inverneill and Ross, descended from Charles
Campbell, called Chearlach Mor, a son of Campbell
of Craignish. He lived about the year 1550.
The progenitor of the Campbells of Duntroon
was Duncan Campbell, said to have been the young-
est son of Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow (MacChail-
lan More), and to have received a charter from
Robert Bruce in 1294. Duntroon is situated on a
bold promontory overlooking the sea, north of the
Crinan Canal. In the families of Campbells of Dun-
troon, Melford and Dunstaffnage the curious prac-
46 History of the Campbell Family
tice has been, that whenever the head of either fam-
ily died the chief mourners should be the other two
lairds, even excluding the family of the deceased. The
Campbells of Ulva, Oib, Raschoille, Rudill, Knap,
Ellanrie, ToroboUs and Lergnachunzeon or Ashfield
were cadets of Duntroon. Two curious stories are
told of two members of the family of Lergnachun-
zeon. Duncan Campbell of that family in 1592,
when a young man, gave his sword to the smith at
Slochmhullein, the hamlet outside Duntroon Castle,
to sharpen. When it was ready, Duncan swung it
round to test its balance, and inadvertently cut off
the smith's head, being drenched with blood as a
result. Hence his name has been handed down as
Dhonnachie na f ola. Bloody Duncan. His son Niel's
adventure was of another order, for he is said to
have fallen in love with a water fairy, and used to
leave his wife and wander away to a lonely burn
to meet his watery affinity. Retribution, however,
overtook Niel, for one day the fairy lost her temper,
and by the art of magic struck him dead, his body
being later found by the stream.
The ancient family of Campbell of Inverawe took
descent, from Duncan, the son of Sir Niel Campbell
of Lochow, the son of the first MacChaillan More,
by his second wife, the daughter of Cameron of
Lochiel. The head of this branch of the family was
styled Mac Dhonnachie. Duncan Campbell, a later
Mac Dhonnachie of Inverawe, received a charter
from Colin, first Earl of Argyll, and his son Dugal
received a charter from the second Earl and was
Warden of Over Lochow. The country of the Inver-
awes lay between Loch Etive and Loch Awe, includ-
ing a great part of Ben Cruachan. The last of the
History of the Campbell Family 47
family in possession of the estate was a female,
daughter of Major Duncan Campbell of Inverawe,
who was killed at the storming of Ticonderoga in
1758. It is said that his death at Ticonderoga had
been foretold to him by a spectre before leaving
Scotland. So well known was this prediction that
his commanding officer refrained from telling him
the name of the fort ordered to be stormed. An-
other story is told, that at the actual time the en-
gagement at Ticonderoga was in progress, across
the Atlantic, two ladies, the Misses Campbell of
Ederlin, were walking near Inverary, when they
were attracted by an appearance in the sky, which
they at once recognized as a siege, and could trace
the different regiments with their colors. They
saw Major Campbell of Inverawe and his two sons
cut down, and others whom they knew. They told
the circumstances to their friends, and noted down
the names of those they had seen; the Gazette,
weeks afterwards, corroborating their whole state-
ment. Sir William Hart, a physician, and his body
servant, in the grounds of Inverary Castle, were
also attracted by the phenomenon, and they estab-
lished the testimony of the two ladies.
The Campbells of Kilmartin were cadets of the
Campbells of Inverawe, and the lands of the Camp-
bells of Cruachan were afterwards conjoined with
those of Kilmartin.
Hereditary Captains and Keepers of Dunstaff-
nage, Argyllshire, the Campbells of that name com-
mence their family lineage with the Dugald Mohr,
a younger son of Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow and
his wife, Margaret, daughter of Sir John Campbell.
As mentioned in Chapter I, Robert I granted a char-
48 History of the Campbell Family
ter to Arthur, fourth son of Sir Colin, of **the con-
stabulary of Dunstaffnage/'
The progenitor of the old family of Campbell of
Barbreck was John Campbell, second son of Sir
Colin Campbell of Lochow, Cailen Og, who died
1340. Of this family the Campbells of Inverliver
were cadets, and part of the Inverliver lands, which
were in the parish of Eilmartin, appertained to
the Barbreck family before being possessed by the
Campbells of Inverliver*
From John Campbell, the above named progeni-
tor of the Barbreck family, the Campbells of Suc-
coth also take descent. The first baronet of this
family, Sir Hay Campbell, was bom 1734. He was
Solicitor General and later Lord Advocate, which
office he held for six years when he was appointed
Lord President, taking his seat as Lord Succoth.
Burns gives the following description of Hay Camp-
bell as Lord Advocate :
''He clench'd his pamphlets in his fist,
He quoted and he hinted,
Till in a declamation — ^mist
His argument, he tint it.
He gape'd for't, he grape'd for't,
He land it was awa, man,
But what his common sense came short
He eke'd out wi' law, man."
He was created a baronet in 1808, and died 28th
March, 1823.
The Ardkinglass family was an old branch of
the house of Campbell of Argyll. Colin, the third
son of Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow, Cailen lon-
gataich, 1372, was designed of Ardkinglass. His
descendant Colin, son and heir of James Campbell
of Ardkinglass, was created a baronet in 1679. The
History of the Campbell Family 49
family ended in an heiress, who married into the
Livingstone family and was the mother of Sir
James Livingstone, Bart., whose son, Sir James
Livingstone Campbell, was for some time Governor
of Stirling Castle. He fought under the Duke of
Cumberland in the Netherlands; also served in
America in the Canadian War. He died in 1788,
and was succeeded by his son. Sir Alexander Camp-
bell, on whose death, in 1810, the title and estate
descended to his cousin and next heir of entail.
Colonel James Callander, afterwards Sir James
Campbell of Ardkinglass. At his death without
issue, the title became extinct.
The family of Campbell of Skipnish originally
branched from the house of Ardkinglass. It is re-
corded later that Archibald Campbell, second son
of the second Earl of Argyll, had a charter of the
Skipnish lands. Daniel Campbell of Schawfield, the
second son of Walter Campbell, Captain of Skip-
nish, was the immediate ancestor of the Campbells
of Schawfield and Islay.
Other cadets of Ardkinglass were the families of
Campbell of Ardintenny, Rachan, Auchwillan, Car-
rick, Dunoon and Dernachie.
From Colin, the progenitor of the Ardkinglass
family, the Campbells of Blythswood also take de-
scent. From him descended Colin Campbell of
Elie, 1636, who married Grizel, daughter of Ross of
Thorntoun. Their descendant, also Colin, was the
first of Blythswood. Mary Campbell, heiress of
Blythswood, married her cousin Colin, son of James
Campbell of Woodside. Their two elder sons died
without issue. Their third son, James, succeeded to
Mains in 1705, when he assumed the name of Doug-
50 History of the Campbell Family
las. His descendant, Archibald Douglas, seven-
teenth laird of Mains, resumed the name of Campbell
on the death of his cousin, Archibald Campbell of
Blythswood, becoming the twelfth laird of Blyths-
wood. His son, the thirteenth laird, was created
Baron Blythswood.
The Campbells of Auchinbreck take descent from
Duncan Campbell of Kilmichael, ' son of Duncan,
first Lord Campbell, who died 1453. Archibald
Campbell, the third of Auchinbreck, married the
daughter of Campbell of Ardkinglass ; their fourth
son, Archibald, being the ancestor of the families of
Danna and Kilberry. The first baronet of Auchin-
breck w^s Sir Dugald Campbell, who was knighted
by James VI in 1617, and created a baronet in 1628.
From Duncan Campbell, the ancestor of Auchin-
breck, also descended the Campbells of Glencardel,
Glensaddel, Westerkeams, Eilmorie and Eirkdurk-
land.
Tradition says that the ancestor of the Camp-
bells of Lochnell, John Campbell, second son of
Colin, third Earl of Argyll, obtained the descriptive
name of John Gorm or Blue John, under the follow-
ing circumstances. When he was a child, the Mac-
leans of Dowart raised an immense fire, forming
a circle round it within which they enclosed young
John, not suffering him to escape until he was so
discolored as ever after to retain the name of Gorm
or Blue, from the hue of his complexion. He was
the first of Lochnell and married Mary, sister of
Sir James Campbell of Ardkinglass, from which
marriage the family descended. John Campbell
was killed at the Battle of Langside, 1561. The
fourth laird of Lochnell, also John, was married to
History of the Campbell Family 51
a daughter of Campbell of Auchinbreck. While
Auchinbreck was on a visit to Lochnell their ser-
vants quarreled, and Lochnell, seeing his own ser-
vant undermost, killed the other with his dirk. The
slain man's kinsmen demanded blood for blood and
a band of them came to be revenged on Lochnell,
who hid in a cave which is still known as Leaba
fholuich, the hiding bed. He was supplied with
food by his retainers, one of whom went to him say-
ing, "Lochnell, the best of my days are gone. Take
you care of my wife and family. Give me your
clothes and I will personate you and suffer death
in your stead, when blood for blood will be satis-
fied." He got Lochnell's clothes, was taken for
Lochnell, shot at and killed, on the very spot to
which he was, when a child, carried by an eagle
from Ledaig while his mother was reaping.
Although many of the lands which the Campbells
added to their possessions did not come to them by
quite such peaceable methods, the story goes that
the lands of Torr-an-Tuirc, in Lochnell, came into
the hands of the founder of the Lochnell family in
the following manner : The last of the MacDugals
of Torr-an-Tuirc was an unmarried man, who had
resolved to make the property over to the laird of
Dunollie's second son. With this object he took the
title deeds to DunoUie Castle. On entering the hall
of the Castle he unbuckled his sword, and left it
there. While he was in another room with the laird
of DunoUie, some of the young members of the
family, to play a joke, took the sword from the scab-
bard, which they filled with water. When the laird
of Torr-an-Tuirc came back to the hall and replaced
the sword in the scabbard, the water squirted over
52 History of the Campbell Family
him. Resenting the trick played upon him, he took
away the title deeds and rode to Inverary, where he
made over the property to John Gorm, who became
the first of the Campbells of Lochnell.
The Campbells of Achanduin are a branch of the
family of Lochnell. Archibald Campbell, first of
Achanduin, was third son of Colin Campbell, fifth
of Lochnell. The families of Balerno and Stone-
field are also cadets of Lochnell.
Other branches of the Clan Campbell who trace
their lineage from younger sons of the house of
Campbell of Argyll, include the Campbells of Le-
rags and South Hall, who take descent from Dun-
can, son of Sir Niel Campbell of Lochow by his sec-
ond wife, the daughter of Cameron of Lochiel; the
Campbells of Glenfeachan, who descended from
Duncan, second son of Sir Archibald Campbell of
Lochow, 1372; the Campbells of Ellengreig, Orma-
dale and Ottar, from younger sons of the first Lord
Campbell, the two first named from Niel, the last
named from Arthur (or Archibald). Thomas
Campbell, second son of the first Earl of Argyll,
was the progenitor of the Campbells of Lundy, and
Donald Campbell, Abbot of Cupar and fourth son of
the second Earl of Argyll, was the progenitor of the
family of Eeithock.
The families next named are cadets of the Glen-
urchy branch, now the noble house of Campbell of
Breadalbane.
The immediate ancestor of the Campbells of Law-
ers was John Campbell designed of Lawers, son of
Sir Colin Campbell, the first of Glenurchy, by his
fourth wife. As already mentioned, Sir Colin was
the third son of Duncan, first Lord Campbell.
History of the Campbell Family 53
Sir Colin Campbell, first baronet of Aberuchill,
was a descendant of John Campbell, the first of
Lawers. He held various high appointments, Sher-
iff Depute of Argyllshire in 1668, Senator of the
College of Justice under the title of Lord Aberuchill,
1689, Lord of Justiciary and Privy Councillor, 1690.
The patent creating the baronetcy is lost and the
date uncertain, but it was between January, 1667,
and May, 1668.
The first of the Campbells of Barcaldine was Pat-
rick Campbell, known as Para Dhu Beg, Little
Black Patrick, born 1592, natural son of Sir Dun-
can Campbell, who was created first baronet of
Glenurchy in 1625, Patrick Campbell was legiti-
mated with his brother James, under the great seal
of Scotland, 27th December, 1614. He obtained
from his father Innergeldies and other lands in
Perthshire and Barcaldine Castle in Argyll. Colin
Campbell, the Scottish Divine, born 1644, was the
younger son of Patrick Campbell, Para Dhu Beg.
He had the reputation of being one of the most pro-
found mathematicians and astronomers of his day,
and was also author of verses and learned treatises.
His manuscripts are now in the Library of the Uni-
versity of Edinburgh.
The family of Campbell of Ardeonaig was also
a branch of the Glenurchy family, taking descent
from Patrick, son of Sir Duncan Campbell, the first
baronet of Glenurchy. This Patrick was known as
Para Dhu More, or Big Black Patrick. He was
slain, some time before 1661, on the hills of Ardeo-
naig by a party of the outlawed MacGregors, after
killing eighteen of them with his own sword.
Another family claiming descent from the first
54 History of the Campbell Family
baronet of Glenurchy are the Campbells of Monzie,
whose immediate ancestor was Archibald Campbell,
a younger son by Lady Jane Stewart, his first wife.
The Campbells of Glenlyon descended from Arch-
ibald Campbell, second son of the second Knight
of Glenurchy, Sir Duncan Campbell, by his wife,
the Lady Mary Douglas.
The Campbells of Ardbeath, Lochland and Fin-
nab also branched from Glenurchy.
The progenitor of the family of Ardnamurchan,
Sir Donald Campbell, was the natural son of Sir
John Campbell, Knight of Calder and grandson of
the founder of the Campbells of Cawdor. Sir Don-
ald was created a baronet in 1627, obtaining a new
enfeoffment of Airds in 1643, with remainder to
George Campbell, his nephew. On Sir Donald's
death, in 1651, without male issue surviving, the
baronetcy became extinct, the estate of Ardnamur-
chan reverted to the Marquess of Argyll and Airds
passed to his nephew, George Campbell. The pres-
ent baronetcy was created in 1913, with precedence
from 1804.
. Also taking descent from the Cawdor family are
the Campbells of Inverstrigan, Ardchattan, Cluny,
Kirton, Sonachan, Ballinaly, May, Tarnish and
Dell.
The family of Campbell of Skeldoun branched
from the Campbells of Loudoun. John Campbell of
Skeldoun was provost of Ayr in 1435.
The first of the family of Campbell of Jura was
Duncan Campbell, born in 1596, and commonly
known as Dhonnachie Maol, or Bald Duncan. He was
appointed by his kinsman, the Marquess of Argyll,
keeper of the house of Ardmaddie, with the tower
History of the Campbell Family 55
and fortalice thereof. By the ninth Earl of Argyll,
he was also appointed bailie and chamberlain of
the Island of Jura, and was universally regarded as
the Chieftain of Jura.
The second Earl of Marchmont, born in 1675, al-
though born a Hume of Polwarth, on his marriage
to Margaret, daughter and heiress of Sir George
Campbell of Cessnock, assumed the name of Camp-
bell and was knighted by the style of Sir Alexander
Campbell of Cessnock. In 1704 he was appointed a
Lord of Session and took his seat on the bench as
Lord Cessnock. In 1714 he resigned his seat, and in
the 1715 rising organized four hundred men of the
Berwickshire Militia in defense of the Hanoverian
dynasty. From that year until 1721 he was Am-
bassador at Copenhagen. On the death of his father,
in 1724, he succeeded to the Earldom of March-
mont, and in 1725 was invested with the Order of
the Thistle, lie died in 1740 and was buried in
the Canongate Churchyard, Edinburgh. On the
death of his son, in 1794, the title of Earl of March-
mont became extinct.
The ancient clans of Maclver and MacArthur are
both branches of the Clan Campbell, and trace their
descent from the original stock. The former are
descended from Iver, son of Duncan, Lord of Lo-
chow, who was son of Sir Archibald, second son of
Malcolm of Lochow, by the heiress of Beauchamp
in France, who was a daughter of the sister of Will-
iam the Conqueror. Iver lived in the reign of King
Malcolm IV (1153-1165). The descendants from
Iver, to distinguish themselves from the other
branches of the family of Argyll, were called Mac-
lver, or son of Iver. The lands of Lergachonzie
56 History of the Campbell Family
and Asknish were given to Iver for his patrimony.
Malcolm Maclver of Lergachonzie is fourth in the
list of eleven barons whose names occur in the Sher-
iffdom of Lorn or Argyll, which was erected by an
ordinance of King John Baliol, dated at Scone, 10th
February, 1292. The family later bore the surname
of Campbell and of the family of Maclver, being
known as Maclver-Campbell of Asknish.
The family of Maclver-Campbell of Ballochyle
take descent from Charles Campbell of Ballochyle,
third son of Alexander Maclver of Ballochyle and
Kilbride, who on 11th August, 1658, obtained a
charter from Archibald, Marquess of Argyll, his
chief, for the lands of Ballochyle.
The family of Campbell of Ardlarich in Craignish
was also a branch of the Maclvers.
The Clan MacArthur long disputed the seniority
with the family of Argyll, but their chief, John
MacArtair, was beheaded by James I of Scotland
(1406-1436), and his lands were forfeited. At sub-
sequent periods the MacArthurs obtained Stra'chur
in Cowal, from which they are designated, and
also portions of Glenfalloch and Glendochart.
MacCaillirean, the ancestor of the Campbells in
Muckairn, was an armourer, that is a maker of
swords, dirks, coats of mail and so forth. He be-
came famous for his skilled workmanship, and his
arrow heads were particularly prized. "An arrow
head from MacCaillirean the Smith," became a pro-
verbial saying, and the family of Campbell of Muc-
kairn were known from him as the Goibhnean or
smiths.
CHAPTER IV
OLLOWING the early days of the Clan
Campbell, as represented by the Argyll
and kindred families, came the later era
when Campbells of succeeding genera-
tions acted various parts in the life and history of
their times. In the present chapter reference is
made to those who flourished in the old country dur-
ing the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Jeav-
ing notable members of the family of a later date to
be considered with the more modern bearers of the
name. In like manner, an account of the Campbells
who won honor and distinction in their new home in
America, will be found in other chapters.
A father and son of the name of Campbell were
both Lord Mayors of London, the father in 1609 and
the son in 1629. Sir Thomas Campbell was elected
an Alderman of the City of London in 1599 and
again in 1610, shaving meanwhile been Sheriff of
London in 1600 and Lord Mayor in 1609. He was
knighted at Whitehall 26th July, 1603. His son
James, born 1570, was Sheriff of London 1619, Al-
derman, 1620, and Lord Mayor in 1629. He was
knighted during his mayoralty, and presented a
handsome cup to the King on the occasion of the
christening of Prince Charles, 15th June, 1630. Sir
James Campbell died in 1641.
Sir James Campbell of Lawers was born in 1667.
He was Lieutenant-Colonel of the 2nd Dragoons or
Scots Greys and greatly distiguished himself at the
57
58 History of the Campbell Family
hard fought battle of Malplaquet in 1709. The ob-
stinate resistance of the French was making the
issue of the battle doubtful, when Campbell, though
ordered not to move, suddenly charged with his
Scots Greys right through the enemy's line and
back again. On the following day. Prince Eugene
publicly thanked Colonel Campbell before the whole
army for exceeding his orders. When war was
again declared against France, Campbell repeated
his splendid action. At the Battle of Dettingen,
1743, at the head of the cavalry, he charged the
Maison du roi, or household troops of France; and
was invested a Knight of the Bath before the whole
army on the field of battle by George II. He was
killed at the Battle of Fontenoy, 30th April, 1745.
A remarkable member of the Campbell family
lived and flourished at this period, his life and ac-
tions affording a striking proof of the superstitious
character of the times. Duncan Campbell, a pro-
fessed soothsayer, was born about 1680, and
claimed that his father, a native of Argyllshire, had
been wrecked on the coast of Lapland, where he
married "a lady of consequence" in that country.
After the death of the Lapland ''lady of conse-
quence," the father returned to Scotland, bringing
with him the boy Duncan, who was deaf and dumb.
He early manifested remarkable gifts, and in 1694
went to London, where his predictions and fortune-
telling soon attracted wide notoriety. He obtained
large sums from fashionable society, which rushed
to consult him. Having read a wealthy young wid-
ow's fortune in his own favor, he took a house in
Monmouth Street and became a great centre of
attraction. A contemporary print states that his
History of the Campbell Family 59
visitors paid "his own rates for the interpretation
they put upon his shrugs and nods," and he is thus
referred to in the Spectator : "Everyone has heard
of the famous conjurer who, according to the opin-
ion of the vulgar, has studied himself dumb." Defoe
published "The History of the Life and Adventures
of Mr. Duncan Campbell, a gentleman who, though
deaf and dumb, writes down any strange name at
first sight, with their future contingencies of for-
tune." Campbell was presented to the King in
1720. In 1726 he launched out as a vender of mi-
raculous medicines, drawing public attention
thereto in a pamphlet entitled, "The Friendly
Demon ; or the Generous Apparition. Being a True
Narrative of a Miraculous Cure newly performed
upon that famous Deaf and Dumb Gentleman, Mr.
Duncan Campbell, by a familiar spirit that appeared
to him in a White Surplice like a Cathedral Singing
Boy." The cure offered consisted of his "Pulvis
Miraculosus and finest Egyptian Loadstones."
Campbell died after a severe illness in 1730.
The first and second Dukes of Argyll figured
prominently in the important transactions of these
times. Archibald Campbell, the first Duke, was the
son of the ninth Earl. When the Argyll estates
had been attainted on the execution of his father
in 1685, and hordes of Atholmen came to Inverary,
Archibald Campbell, the then young Earl, hurriedly
hid in a cleft of the Creag-bhan or WJiite Rock.
All that one of his followers could do to help him,
was to make up a parcel of barley meal, hide it in
his plaid and when passing the cleft in the rock,
drop the meal to where the Earl lay — since known
as Leabaid-an-Iarla, the Earl's Bed. The Earl
60 History of the Campbell Family
escaped to Holland from whence he returned with
William of Orange. He is reported to have said
afterwards, that the crowdy of barley meal he made
in his shoe while in hiding had been the meal he
most relishe4 in his life. On the accession of
William and Mary, in 1689, he was admitted into
the Convention of the Scottish Estates as Earl of
Argyll, and on 5th June of the same year his father's
forfeiture was rescinded. Argyll was one of the
commissioners to offer the crown of Scotland to
William and* Mary, and administered to them the
coronation oath. When, through the mediation of
Breadalbane, all the Highland clans, with the excep-
tion of Glencoe, gave in their submission within
the prescribed time, Argyll informed the govern-
ment of Glencoe's failure to comply with the letter
of the law. Together with Breadalbane and Sir
John Dalrymple he concerted measures for the
punishment of the MacDonalds, and men of the
regiment which he had raised in his own territory
accompanied Campbell of Glenlyon to the Vale on the
occasion of the massacre. On 23rd June, 1701, he
was created Duke of Argyll and Marquess of Lorn,
and died at Newcastle on his way to Scotland in
1703. On his remains being brought to Edinburgh,
they were joined by those of his two predecessors,
Archibald, Marquess of Argyll, and Archibald, ninth
Earl, which had been deposited in the family vault
of the Marquess of Lothian at Newbattle since their
execution in 1661 and 1685. From Edinburgh they
were carried to Dungas, on the banks of the Clyde
about four miles from Dumbarton. Here a numer-
ous gathering of clansmen awaited them, and the
remains of the beheaded Marquess and Earl were
History of the Campbell Family 61
shown, their heads properly disposed in their places
in the coffins. The remains of the three illustrious
personages were put on board a principal barge,
decorated with their arms and suitable devices.
They sailed down the Clyde with the numerous at-
tendants in other craft, arranged under their vari-
ous chieftains, and the procession was closed by
pipers playing high martial airs. The fortress at
Dumbarton Castle saluted with minute guns as they
passed. Having arrived at Kilmun, the burying
place of the family of Argyll, the usual ceremonies
were performed with all due solemnity, and the
three interred in the mausoleum of their ancestors.
His eldest son John, known as John Roy, suc-
ceeded him as second Duke of Argyll, and later, also
Duke of Greenwich. In 1706, the Duke made a cam-
paign in Flanders under Marlborough, and greatly
distinguished himself at the Battles of Ramillies and
Malplaquet. At the latter battle, in 1709, he dis-
lodged the enemy from the woods at Sart and had
various narrow escapes, several musket balls having
passed through his coat, hat and periwig. In con-
nection with his narrow escapes, a tale much
credited at the time is told. It is said that on the
morning the Duke left Inverary for the war, he was
met at Boshang by an old man named Sinclair,
who presented him with a small round stone taken
out of the head of a white otter that the sea had
cast ashore, and which bore a charm. The man
said, "If you will accept this from me, you will
live to come back to your own country again." The
Duke accepted; and the story has it that after a
hard fought battle he would unbutton his coat and
give himself a shake, when the bullets would fly
62 History of the Campbell Family
off him as snowflakes fly off a person when shaking
himself! At the breaking out of the rebellion of
1715, the Duke, as commander in chief in Scotland,
defeated the Earl of Mar's army at Sheriffmuir,
and forced the Pretender to retire from the king-
dom. In 1718, he was created Duke of Greenwich,
Field Marshal and commander in chief of all the
forces. He died 4th October, 1743, and a marble
monument was erected to his memory in West-
minster Abbey. Sir Walter Scott introduced the
Duke in "The Heart of Midlothian,'' as befriending
Jeannie Deans, and his brilliant career, both as
soldier and statesman, is referred to by Pope in the
lines,
"Argyll, the state's whole thunder born to wield,
And shake alike the senate and the field."
John Campbell, fourth Earl of Loudoun, was born
in 1705, and succeeded his father in 1731. He
entered the army in 1727, was appointed Governor
of Stirling Castle in April, 1741, and became aide-
de-camp to the King in July, 1743. On the out-
break of the rebellion, in 1745, he raised a regiment
of Highlanders on behalf of the Government, and
acted as Adjutant General with Sir John Cope.
After the Battle of Preston, where almost the whole
of his regiment was killed, he went north by sea to
Inverness, where he raised over 2,000 men with
whom he relieved Fort Augustus, which was block-
aded by the Erasers under the Master of Lovat.
He then marched to Castle Dounie, the seat of Lord
Lovat, whom he brought to Inverness, as a hostage
till the Clan Eraser should deliver up their arms.
Lord Lovat, however, escaped during the night,
History of the Campbell Family 63
from the house in which he was confined. In 1756,
the Earl of Loudoun was appointed Governor of
the Province of Virginia, and commander in chief
of all the forces in America. He later served in
Portugal, and died in 1782.
John Campbell, a clever, versatile and industrious
Scottish writer, was born in 1708. He was the
author of the "Military History of Prince Eugene
and the Duke of Marlborough," "A Political Survey
of Britain" and "Lives of the Admirals," which
had a great run, and was translated into German.
He had a large share also in the preparation of the
"Biographia Britannica." His writings embraced
a wide range of subjects, from "A Treatise on the
Trade of Great Britain with America" and "A
Discourse on Providence," to "A Vade Mecum; or
Companion for the Unmarried Ladies wherein are
laid down some examples whereby to direct them
in the choice of husbands." He died in 1775.
From apprentice on a small Scottish coasting
vessel to Vice- Admiral of the Navy was the remark-
able advancement of John Campbell, the son of a
Kirkcudbrightshire minister. He was born in 1720,
bound apprentice to the master of a coasting vessel,
and entered the Navy by offering himself in ex-
change for the mate of the vessel, who had been
taken by the press-gang. After serving three years
in the Blenheim, Torbay and Russell he was, in
1740, appointed to the Centurion and sailed in her
round the world with Commodore Anson, as mid-
shipman, master's mate and master. He passed
for Lieutenant, gained promotion to Commander
and was second Captain of the Royal George when
Lord Anson took command of the fleet. While serv-
64 History of the Campbell Family
ing later as Flag Captain to Sir Edward Hawke
he was sent home with dispatches. Lord Anson took
him to be presented to the King, and on the way-
told him that the King would Knight him if he
wished. "Troth, my Lord,'* answered Campbell,
"I ken nae use that will be to me.'' "But," said
Lord Anson, "your lady may like it." "Aweel,"
replied Campbell, "His Majesty may Knight her if
he pleases." He' was never Knighted. In 1778,
Admiral Keppel chose him as first Captain of the
Victory, and he attained the rank of Vice-Admiral
in 1779. In 1782, he was appointed Governor of
Newfoundland and commander in chief on that
station. He held that office for four years, and died
in London, in 1790.
Colin Campbell, architect, was a native of Scot-
land. About 1715-1720 he built Wanstead House,
Essex, described as one of the noblest houses, not
only in England, but in Europe. Campbell also
built the Rolls House in Chancery Lane, London,
and Drumlanrig Castle. He was appointed architect
to the Prince of Wales in 1725. He published three
volumes of illustrations of buildings, with the title
"Vitruvius Britannicus, or the British Architect,"
1717-1725. He died 13th September, 1729.
One of the "Two Beautiful Gunnings," famous
beauties of the Courts of George II and III, became
Elizabeth, Duchess of Argyll. She was presented
at Court in 1751, at the age of eighteen. First
married to James, sixth Duke of Hamilton in 1752,
she married as her second husband the fifth Duke
of Argyll on 3rd March, 1759. She died in 1790,
having been the wife of two Dukes and the mother
of four, namely, the seventh and eighth Dukes of
History of the Campbell Family 65
Hamilton and the sixth and seventh Dukes of Argyll.
Sir Archibald Campbell of Inverneill was born
21st August, 1739. He entered the army as Captain
in the Fraser Highlanders, raised for service in
America. With them he went through the campaign
in North America and was wounded at the taking
of Quebec in 1758. He afterwards served with the
42nd Highlanders in India. In 1775, Simon Fraser
again raised a regiment of Highlanders for service
in the American War of Independence, and Camp-
bell was selected for Lieut.-Colonel of the 2nd
battalion. On his arrival in America the ship
entered Boston harbor while the city was in the
hands of the American forces, and he was held
prisoner until exchanged for Ethan Allen. He then,
as Brigadier-General, took command of the forces
in Georgia which captured Savannah. On his re-
turn to England he was appointed Governor of
Jamaica with the rank of Major-General. While
holding this appointment he was active in checking
the French, and on his return from Jamaica was
chosen Governor and commander in chief at
Madras. He died in 1791 and was buried in West-
minster Abbey.
Willielma Campbell, Viscountess Glenurchy, born
1741, wife of the eldest son of the then Earl of
Breadalbane, adopted peculiar religious views, and
built chapels for her followers in Edinburgh, Car-
lisle, Matlock and Strathfillan on the Breadalbane
property. From her high rank and great consistency
and earnestness her name became a household word
in Scotl&nd. She died in 1786.
Highland Mary, the inspiration of some of Burns'
most beautiful songs and of the elegy, "To Mary in
66 History of the Campbell Family
Heaven," was a Campbell; Mary, the daughter of
one Archibald Campbell, a sailor in a revenue cutter
at Campbelltown. Burns describes her as, "a warm
hearted, charming young creature as ever blessed a
man with generous love."
"She has my heart, she has my hand
My secret troth, and honor's band!
'Till the mortal stroke shall lay me low
I'm thine, my Highland lassie, 0."
After her death the great poet perpetuated her
memory in the beautiful poem "Highland Mary."
"But 0, fell Death's untimely frost.
That nipt my flower sae early!
Now green's the sod, and cauld's the clay.
That wraps my Highland Mary."
Connected with the Clan Campbell is a name
that will never cease to be a theme of popular story,
for Rob Roy, in Scottish legend, occupies a place
almost equalling that of Robin Hood in England.
Robert MacGregor, or Campbell, was born of the
Clan MacGregor, in 1671, but at the time of his
birth it being a felony to bear the name MacGregor,
he adopted the maiden name of his mother, Mar-
garet Campbell, daughter of a younger son of
Campbell of Glenurchy. When the Duke of Mont-
rose got Rob Roy outlawed, John, second Duke of
Argyll permitted him to build a house at the foot
of Ben Buie, near Inverary, where Rob resided for
seven years.
The Brooch of Lorn was for some centuries in
the Campbell family. This brooch, referred to by
Sir Walter Scott as "the brooch of burning gold,"
History of the Campbell Family 67
belonged at one time to Robert Bruce. After the
defeat at Methven in 1306, Bruce was closely pressed
by the followers of MacDugal of Lorn, who seized
hold of the monarch's plaid, and had not the brooch
which fastened his plaid given way, Bruce would
have been taken prisoner. The Brooch of Lorn was
said to have been the identical brooth left in the
grasp of his pursuers. From the taking of Gylen
Castle in 1647, the brooch remained in the posses-
sion of the Campbells, until Campbell of Lochnell
presented it to MacDugal of DunoUie in 1825. It
was subsequently lost in a fire which destroyed the
temporary residence of MacDugal.
The origin of the stirring and popular air, "The
Campbells are Coming," has been the subject of
many conflicting statements. It has been said that
it was first used as a song composed at the time
Mary, Queen of Scots, was imprisoned in Loch
Leven Castle. The most probable account, however,
is, that it was the gathering tune of the Clan Camp-
bell during the rising of 1715. The air is familiar
to all; the words, not so generally known, are as
follows :
The Campbells are coming, 0-ho, 0-ho!
The Campbells are coming, 0-ho!
The Campbells are coming to bonnie Lochleven!
The Campbells are coming, 0-ho, 0-ho!
Upon the Lomonds I lay, I lay ;
Upon the Lomonds I lay;
I lookit doun to bonnie Lochleven,
And saw three perches play.
Great Argyle he goes before;
He makes the cannons and guns to roar ;
68 History of the Campbell Family
WV sound o' trumpet, pipe, and drum ;
The Campbflls are coming, 0-ho, 0-ho!
The Campbell i they are a' in arms,
Their loyal faith and truth to show.
With banners rattling in the wind ;
The Camplells are coming, 0-ho, 0-ho!
CHAPTER V
ENT with the period during
Archibald Campbell, seventh Earl,
id of the house of Argyll, English
and merchants set out to estab-
lish colonies in the new world of America. A patent
of colonization for Virginia was granted in 1577 to
Sir Humphrey Gilbert, and in 1607 the first per-
manent English settlement was formed by a small
body of colonists at Jamestown and other points
along the James River, which later became the
Province of Virginia. The historic "Mayflower"
arrived in 1620 with the founders of the Plymouth
colony, and within sixty years after the first settle-
ment on the James River, seven colonies were estab-
lished on the coast of North America ; Virginia and
Maryland in the south ; Plymouth and Massachusetts
Bay, Connecticut and Rhode Island, in New Eng-
land ; and between the two groups of English settle-
ments, the Dutch colony of New Netherlands on the
Hudson.
Many circumstances contributed to the migration
of Scottish settlers to the newly founded colonies.
In the case of the Clan Campbell, the clan was
numerous, changing conditions in the Highlands
rendered it increasingly difiicult to produce a living
from the land, and the surplus population began to
flow into the colonies. Another motive, religion,
led forth, from both Scotland and the north of
Ireland, many emigrants who wished to live in
70 History of the Campbell Family
beliefs, and follow forms of religion, which were
not tolerated at home ; a motive as old as the time
of Moses, who cited to Pharaoh the reason for the
Exodus from Egypt, '*We must go three days' jour-
ney into the wilderness to offer a sacrifice unto the
Lord our God." Again, many possessed of an ad-
venturous spirit, convinced of the truth that, "They
wha hae a gude Scottish tongue in their head are
fit to gang ower the world," said farewell to their
kin and their native hills and glens, seeking fame
and fortune in the new land. The sailing of an
emigrant ship in those days was an occasion of
general sorrowing, and Boswell relates that those
left behind cast themselves weeping on the shore,
for it was not thought that those departing would
ever return "home" again. Neil Munro in his poem,
"John o' Lorn," expresses this :
"My plaid is on my shoulder and the boat is on the
shore.
And it's all bye wi' auld days and you ;
Here's a health and here's a heartbreak, for it's
home, my dear, no more.
To the green glens, the fine glens we knew."
During the Commonwealth, 1649 to 1660, a large
number of Scottish emigrants crossed the ocean to
the New England colonies, and, in 1679, we find
Hugh Campbell, established as a merchant in Bos-
ton, attending to the interests of the immigrants
from his native country. "Att a Gennerall Court
specially called by the Govno. and assistants at
Boston and held there the 4th of February, 1679.
In ansr. to the petition of Mr. Hugh Campbell, Scotch
merchant in Boston, this court judgeth it meete
to allow to the petitioner, on behalf e of such as may
History of the Campbell Family 71
on that account transport themselves hither, such
accomodation to their number in the Nepmug
country as it will aff oord, provided they come within
two years next after this grant/'
Under commission from the home authorities,
Duncan Campbell of Boston was made postmaster
for this side of the world. He had arrived in Bos-
ton in 1685, a bookseller from Scotland, and it is
recorded that he became a member of the Artillery
Company in 1686. Captain Kidd, the pirate, and his
wife took lodgings at Duncan Campbell's, when the
pirate was summoned to Boston by the Earl of Bello-
mont for examination regarding the first charges of
piracy against him. Campbell's house was reckoned
the most luxurious house of entertainment in Bos-
ton, and it was here that the Earl of Bellomont
himself had stayed only a few weeks before. At
that time Campbell had been paid £7.6.4 for acting
as host to the Earl. Captain Kidd being a Scot and
an acquaintance of Campbell's, Lord Bellomont had
used the postmaster as a means of communication
with him. Campbell is described by an English
bookseller, Dunton, who came over with a venture
of books in 1686, as "a bookseller, who dresses a la
mode; who is a very virtuous person, extremely
charming; whose company is coveted by the best
gentlemen in Boston, nor is he less accessible to the
fair sex." Another contemporary describes him,
"very industrious, and I am told a lady of great
fortune is fallen in love with him."
John Campbell, who is supposed to have been
the brother of Duncan, was the proprietor of the
first newspaper established on the continent of
America, "The Boston News Letter." The first
72 History of the Campbell Family
issue was on the 17th April, 1704. John Campbell
was also postmaster at Boston in succession to his
supposed brother, but was removed from that ap-
pointment in 1719. He continued to publish the
"News Letter" until 1722, when it passed into the
hands of Bartholomew Green, the printer.
In June, 1686, the proprietors of the colony of
East Jersey named as Governor, Lord Niel Camp-
bell, brother of the ill-fated ninth EarL Owing to
the downfall of Argyll, Lord Niel was seeking a
temporary refuge from Scotland, but had little
desire to remain in East Jersey any longer than his
own safety demanded, and after a stay of a few
months as Governor, returned to Scotland. A num-
ber of persons of the name of Campbell, more or
less intimately related to the Governor, arrived in
New Jersey at this time. John and Archibald
Campbell, sons of Lord Niel, both held lots in the
new settlement at what was known as Campbell's
Gully. John died in 1689 and Archibald in 1702.
In the ship "Henry^ and Francis," Robert, David,
William and John Campbell also came to East Jersey
in 1685.
A prominent citizen of Amboy in 1710 was John
Campbell who signed a petition to the Governor of
the Province of New Jersey, New York and terri-
tories belonging thereto, complaining of the "inso-
lent behaviour of Peter Sonans Esqr." In 1711,
John Campbell of Amboy was commissioned High
Sheriff of Middlesex and Somerset Counties in New
Jersey. In 1737 the Rev. Colin Campbell was ap-
pointed Rector of St. Mary's Church, Burlington,
New Jersey.
Two early records of the Province of Maryland
History of the Campbell Family 73
relate to members of the Campbell family. The
name Angus Campbell is among the signatures to
an address, dated 28th November, 1689, from "St.
Marye's County," on the accession of William and
Mary. And in 1692 James Campbell, with three
companions, was before the General Assembly of
the Province, charged with singing a treasonable
song; but he and the other songsters were granted
"pardon upon submission and penetency itt being
their first fact." And they had to prove their "sub-
mission and penetency" upon their knees.
The Rev. Isaac Campbell, born in Scotland, was
ordained and licensed by the Bishop of London
for Virginia, 6th July, 1747. He became incumbent
of Trinity Parish, Newport, Maryland, in 1748, and
was for thirty-six years in charge of the parish,
until his death in 1784.
James Campbell landed at Boston in 1708. He
was born at Londonderry, Ireland, 1690, the son
of William Campbell of Campbelltown, Argyllshire.
This William Campbell, a cadet of the house of
Auchinbreck, was engaged in Monmouth's rebellion
and escaped to Ireland, where he served as Lieut-
Colonel at the siege of Londonderry. James Camp-
bell removed from Boston in 1735, to Londonderry,
New Hampshire, and from there to Cherry Valley,
New York.
Black David and White David were the descrip-
tive names given two cousins, early settlers in
Virginia. The date of their arrival in America is
not to be obtained, but Black David was born about
1710, and first settled in Culpepper County, later
removing to Augusta County, Virginia.
At a General Court of Oyer and Terminer, held
74 History of the Campbell Family
for the Province of North Carolina at the General
Court House in Chowan Precinct, the 28th July,
1720, a man named Caleb Stephens was charged
with "feloniously taking away the boxes or knaves
of a pair of cartwheels belonging to Archibald
Campbell." Other early records of Campbells in
North Carolina relate to grants of land to Hugh
Campbell in 1735 and to Duncan Campbell and
James Campbell in 1740. In 1739 and 1740, Colin
Campbell brought a number of Scottish settlers to
the Province, and towards their subsistence the sum
of £1,000 was granted "out of the Publick money,"
as an encouragement to other settlers from Europe.
John Campbell was elected Speaker of the North
Carolina General Assembly in 1754, and in 1756 a
commission was issued appointing him Assistant
Judge at Edenton in the same Province.
Robert Campbell came from Scotland not long
before the Revolutionary War, bringing with him
six sons, Robert, James, John, William, Samuel and
George. They settled in North Carolina, and all
six sons were soldiers in the War of the Revolution.
The evangelist. Rev. James Campbell, was born
at Campbelltown, Argyllshire. He emigrated to
America in 1730, landing at Philadelphia, but went
to North Carolina in 1757, taking up residence on
the left bank of the Cape Fear, a few miles above
Fayetteville. While in America, Flora MacDonald,
the devoted adherent of Bonnie Prince Charlie,
worshipped at Campbell's Church. He preached in
the "Barbacue Church" which was built in 1765,
and died in 1781.
Robert Campbell came to Boston from County
Tyrone, Ireland, in 1714. Of an old Scottish family
History of the Campbell Family 75
which had crossed over to Ireland, he was born
there in 1673. Campbell was one of the earliest
settlers of Voluntoun, Connecticut, and died in 1725.
His son, the Rev. Robert Campbell was born in
Ireland in 1709, and came with his father to Amer-
ica. He was pastor of the Congregational Church
in Canaan, Connecticut, 1761, and removed with the
church to Stillwater, Saratoga County, New York.
Another descendant, Allen Campbell, born 1749, was
pastor in Voluntoun, and was also a physician and
State Senator. In May, 1733, Charles Campbell
was confirmed by the Assembly of Connecticut to be
Lieutenant of the Company, or trainband, in the
town of Voluntoun. He was appointed Deputy to
the General Assembly from the same place in 1742,
Robert Campbell being then confirmed as Ensign of
the trainband in his place.
In the later part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth,
Duncan Campbell, son of Dugal Campbell of In-
verary, and an officer in the English army, went
from Scotland to Ireland. In the year 1612 for-
feitures of large estates were declared in Ulster,
some of the forfeited lands being bought by Duncan
Campbell. In 1726, John Campbell and Mary Camp-
bell, two of his descendants emigrated to America.
John Campbell, with his wife and children, first
settled in Pennsylvania, moving from Lancaster
County, about 1730, to Virginia. Mary Campbell,
his sister, married Moses White, from which mar-
riage many families of the southern and western
part of the country are descended.
Robert and Dugal Campbell removed from Penn-
sylvania to Orange County, Virginia, and Patrick,
Robert and David Campbell, sons of John Campbell,
76 History of the Campbell Family
went to St. Mark's parish. Orange County, between
1732 and 1741. Subsequently Patrick Campbell
settled in Augusta County, Virginia. Other records
of Virginia at this period show that, in 1738, sur-
veys of land in Augusta County were had by Robert
Campbell and Patrick Campbell ; also that, in 1746,
James Campbell was the owner of 570 acres of land
in the same county. Charles Campbell and Hugh
Campbell also settled in Virginia at this time.
In 1720 Samuel Campbell is recorded as a land-
owner in the Scottish settlement in the northern
part of New London township, Pennsylvania, and
in the same year Patrick Campbell took up land in
Conistoga or Donegal township, Pennsylvania, and
was connected with the Derry Church in 1724. In
1729, on the erection of Lancaster County, he was
the first constable of Donegal township. Between
1735 and 1739 warrants for land in Lancaster
County and Philadelphia were granted to the follow-
ing bearers of the name : Andrew Campbell, 1735 ;
John Campbell, 1736 ; William Campbell, 1738 ; and
David Campbell, 1737-39.
In the ship "Hope," Patrick Campbell, aged
twenty, and John Campbell, of the same age, came
over in 1734 and took the oath of allegiance. Ber-
nard Campbell also came in this ship from Rot-
terdam.
Captain Lauchlin Campbell lived on his estate in
the Island of Islay. In 1737 his attention was
directed to an advertisement which Governor Cosby
of New York had issued for the purpose of induc-
ing emigrants from Europe to settle on the northern
frontier of the province of New York. Land was
promised to each family, and generous offers made
History of the Campbell Family 77
to settlers. Captain Lauchlin Campbell went to
America to investigate the matter further, and the
same year arrived in New York. In the meantime
Governor Cosby had died, and Lieut.-Governor
Clarke suggested that the Captain and some of his
companions should go and inspect the land. This
they did, and it is told that the Indians were
charmed with their Highland costume, and that the
Scots were "greatly caressed" j^y the red men, who
begged them to remain. Captain Campbell went
home to Islay, where he began to settle his affairs,
sold his estate, and gathered together those who
wished to return with him to America. He brought
over to this country his own and forty families.
He again visited the lands, was told by the authori-
ties that a fort would be built to protect the settlers
from the French and their Indians, and in Decem-
ber, 1738, further promises having been made him,
again went home to Islay. In the following August
he brought over forty more families. Once more
he made the long journey to Islay, returning in
November, 1740, with thirteen families, making in
all four hundred and twenty-three persons, "very
capable of forming a respectable frontier for the
security of the Province." But having made these
expensive voyages, his troubles now began. Diffi-
culties arose over the patents promised to him and
his people, and, considering the terms put forward
by the Government as a violation of the promises
made him, he rejected the offers made by the author-
ities. Some of the settlers petitioned for grants for
themselves, and others enlisted in the expedition
against Cuba. Appeals to the General Assembly
and to the Lords of Trade proving unsuccessful, he
78 History of the Campbell FamUy
finally abandoned the attempt. After having ex-
pended the greater part of his fortune in an under-
taking which had resulted so disastrously. Captain
Campbell found himself in sadly reduced circum-
stances. With the renmant of his fortune he pur-
chased a tract of land of no very great extent in
southern Ulster, afterwards Orange County, New
York, and there erected a dwelling for himself and
family, calling it Campbell Hall, a name yet borne
by the locality. Here he resided until 1745, when
the news came that Prince Charles Edward had
landed in Scotland, and the famous rising had oc-
curred. Campbell was a staunch supporter of the
existing Government, and at once decided to offer
his services in suppressing the rising. Taking with
him his Highland cla3anore, he sailed for Scotland,
where he was given conmiand of a company of
Argyllshire men. At their head he fought with dis-
tinction, taking part in the Battle of CuUoden,
where the Stuart cause was defeated. Two years
later he returned to Campbell Hall, where he shortly
afterwards died.
After Captain Campbell's death his sons, Donald,
George and James, entered the army, "following
their father's principles in the hopes of better for-
tune." They obtained commissions in the Highland
and other regiments on service in this country, and
fought in the French and Indian wars. Upon the
close of hostilities, Donald and George retired as
Lieutenants on half pay, James continuing in the
service. Donald and George again saw active ser-
vice in the Revolutionary War, as mentioned in a
later chapter. In 1763, the sons and daughters of
Captain Campbell petitioned for a grant of land,
History of the Campbell Family 79
and obtained a patent for ten thousand acres in
Albany County. Later they received other grants to
considerable extent. The daughters were all mar-
ried, Lily to James Murray, Rose to Mr. Graham
and Margaret to Dr. Eustace.
The name of Campbell appears early in the rec-
ords of New York. In 1690 James Campbell was
commissioned town major of Albany and, in 1685,
John Campbell petitioned for the release of goods
which had been seized by the sheriff of Suffolk
County. The will of Duncan Campbell is recorded
in New York City in 1702, and the Rev. Alexander
Campbell of the same city bore testimony as to the
character of a missionary of the Church at Jamaica,
Long Island, in 1731.
In 1733, Dominie Campbell assisted in the comple-
tion of a romance connected with one of the daugh-
ters of Governor Cosby. Lord Fitzroy Gordon, son
of the Duke of Grafton, fell in love with her, and
as the Governor dare not give his consent, the match
being considered beneath Lord Fitzroy according
to the standard of society in England, the lovers
determined to take the matter into their own hands.
Accordingly Dominie Campbell was assisted to scale
the rear wall of the fort, and marry the couple in
secret and without license.
Malcolm Campbell was one of the founders of the
St. Andrews Society in 1756, and was the first
Treasurer of the Society. Another Treasurer and
Governor of this ancient Scottish Society was
Samuel Campbell, described in the first issue of the
New York City Directory 1786, as a Bookseller. His
son, John Campbell, also became Treasurer of the
St. Andrews Sofciety.
80 History of the Campbell Family
Alexander Campbell was the owner of land on
the west side of the Hudson in 1723 and among
grants of land made at this time are found the fol-
lowing to members of the Campbell family : land in
Albany County to Archibald Campbell in 1763;
3,000 acres of land in Washington County to Cap-
tain John Campbell in 1764; and in the same year
tracts of land on the east side of Lake Champlain
to Alexander Campbell and Moses Campbell.
Alexander Campbell, of Scottish descent, born in
Ulster County, Ireland, emigrated to this country,
with two sons and three daughters, in 1728, and
settled at Hawke, now Danville, New Hampshire.
He was one of the first to introduce the Irish potato
into the State. His son, Annas, settled in Henniker,
New Hampshire, in 1765 and erected the first two-
story house in the town.
Among bearers of the name who early settled in
Rhode Island were, Cuthbert Campbell, who was ad-
mitted freeman of the Colony in 1718 ; John Camp-
bell, admitted freeman in 1729 ; Robert Campbell in
1756, and Charles Campbell, in 1759. In 1758, Tam-
berlin Campbell was appointed Ensign, and later
Lieutenant, among the officers to command the
troops of the Colony in the "next campaign against
His Majesty's enemies.'' Archibald Campbell was
Deputy from East Greenwich, in 1768, to the Gen-
eral Assembly of Rhode Island and the Providence
Plantation.
Robert Campbell came to America in 1746. His
grandfather went from Scotland to Ireland, where
he received a tract of land in return for serving in
the campaign after the accession of William and
Mary. Robert Campbell first settled near Oxford,
History of the Campbell Family 81
Chester County, Massachusetts, later moving to a
farm near Wilmington, Delaware. In 1773, he and
John Campbell, whose sister, Jaiie, he married, hired
two men and started on horseback to find what was
later their home in the Kishacoquillas Valley.
During the agitation occasioned by the Stamp Act,
Dougal Campbell was Clerk of Courts under the
Royal Government in South Carolina. In 1766,
Campbell refused to enter a judgment of the Court
for want of stamps. The Assistant Judges ordered
him to proceed without that formality, but Dougal
interposed his objection and the controversy was
referred to the Governor, Campbell being charged
with disobedience. The Governor supported Camp-
bell, stating that otherwise the Clerk would have
been subject to all the penalties of the Stamp Act.
The matter was carried to the Commons House of
Assembly, who in turn referred the question to a
Committee, but had finally to content themselves
with passing resolutions.
The Rev. Colin Campbell was the tenth child of
Colin Campbell of Earnhill, Scotland, where he was
born in 1707. He was appointed to the mission at
St. Mary's, Burlington, and arrived there in 1788.
His ministrations covered a period of twenty-eight
years, during which he eked out his stipend by
teaching, as shown by the advertisement, in 1744,
which states that he "proposed to teach young men
the classick authors." He died in 1766.
CHAPTER VI
HE precise time when aspirations for
independence became a prevailing senti-
ment in the colonies is difficult to deter-
mine. As early as 1773, Patrick Henry
is reported to have said, "Hostilities will soon com-
mence," and some English writers declare, that
from the beginning political independence was the
aim of the colonies. The initial step towards the
conflict which was to result in the declaration that,
"these colonies are, and of right ought to be, free
and independent states," was not, however, taken
until the First Continental Congress met at Phila-
delphia, on the 5th day of September, 1774. The
second Congress followed in 1775, after which seri-
ous thoughts of independence were generally enter-
tained. Lexington Green, 19th April, 1775, saw the
first shots which ushered in a war, destined to last
through eight long years, until in 1783 the colonies
should attain the right of self government.
Descendants of a fighting Highlknd Clan of that
land which Henry Scott Riddell styles,
"The land that bears the freeman's tread,
And never bore the slave's ;
Where far and deep the green woods spread,
And wild the thistle waves."
and thus imbued with a spirit of sturdy insistence
upon the principles of freedom, the Campbell men
responded at the first call to arms, and gallantly
fought with the patriot army from Lexington Green
to Yorktown.
82
History of the Campbell Family 83
The name of Campbell appears in connection with
the first engagement of the war, the skirmish at
Lexington. John Campbell of Lancaster, Massa-
chusetts, was Captain of Minute Men and served
in this battle; also at Bunker Hill and the final
scene of the war at Yorktown. Lieutenant Moses
Campbell is recorded as taking part in the Lexing-
ton Alarm, and Alexander Campbell was among
those wounded.
One of the most distinguished bearers of the name
during the war, was Bridagdier-General William
Campbell, the hero of King's Mountain. He was
born in 1744, a native of Augusta County, Virginia,
of Scottish descent, being grandson of John Camp-
bell, who is mentioned in the preceding chapter as
settling in Virginia in 1730. He served as Captain
in Lord Dunmore's War of 1774, and in 1775 was
among the first of the regular troops raised in
Virginia, when he was commissioned Captain. He
assisted in compelling Lord Dunmore's evacuation
of Gwyn's Island in 1776, and the same year was
promoted Lieut.-Colonel of the Militia of Washing-
ton County, obtaining further promotion to Colonel
in 1779. Colonel Campbell was one of the six heroic
frontier Colonels who led the troops at the Battle
of King's Mountain; as told in the old song named
after the Battle,
"We marched to the Cowpens, Campbell was there,
Shelby, Cleveland and Colonel Sevier ;
Men of renown, sir, like lions so bold —
Like lions undaunted, ne'er to be controlled."
At this battle he rode down two horses, and at one
time was seen on foot, with his coat off and his
84 History of the Campbell Family
collar open, fighting at the head of his men. Before
the commencement of the battle the other Colonels
appointed him to the chief command. He was a
man of imposing appearance, six foot two inches in
height, and it has been said of him, "The red haired
Campbell, the claymore of the Argyll gleaming in
his hand, was himself a host." The General As-
sembly of Virginia voted to present him with a
horse and sword; the Continental Congress also
passing a complimentary resolution. At the Battle of
Guilford Court House he was in command of the
Virginia riflemen, and was promoted Brigadier-
General by Lafayette. He also fought at Hobkirk's
Hill and at the siege of Fort Ninety-six. At the
siege of Yorktown he commanded the Virginia
Militia Regiment until his death on 22nd August,
1781.
The settlement in Cherry Valley, New York, was
destroyed on November 10th, 1778. Here was situ-
ated the home of Colonel Samuel Campbell, who was
born at Londonderry, New Hampshire, in 1738.
He served in the Militia during the war, fought at
the Battle of Oriskany in August, 1777, and at the
time the enemy, assisted by Indians, attacked
Cherry Valley, was away on duty. He returned to
find his home destroyed, and his wife and children
carried away into captivity. His wife was kept
prisoner among the Seneca Indians, but her mother,
Mrs. Cannon, being old and an encumbrance, was
slain by an Indian with his tomahawk by the side
of her daughter. Mrs. Campbell's children, who
were separated from her in the Indian country,
were all restored to her at Niagara, except one son.
This son, James, was eventually restored at Mon-
History of the Campbell Family 85
treal in 1780. He had been with a tribe of the
Mohawks, where he had forgotten the English lan-
guage, and greeted his mother in the Indian tongue.
The Campbell family were afterwards exchanged
for the wife and family of Colonel Butler. In 1783
General Washington was the guest of Colonel Camp-
bell, who died in 1824.
Colonel Richard Campbell was born in Virginia.
In February, 1776, he was commissioned Captain
and served at Pittsburgh as Major. In 1778 he was
on the expedition against the Indians, and in the
following year led a relief party to Fort Laurens,
which garrison he commanded until the evacuation.
He joined General Greene with a Regiment of
Virginia regulars, and served with the rank of
Lieut.-Colonel at Guilford Court House, Hobkirk's
Hill, Fort Ninety-six and Eutaw Springs. At the
last named battle he was mortally wounded, while
leading the charge that drove the British from the
field. Hearing that the enemy were in full retreat,
he died exclaiming, "I die contented."
Enlisting as a private in Cumberland County,
Captain Robert Campbell joined the army in 1776.
He was commissioned First Lieutenant in 1777, and
was in General Sullivan's Staten Island Expedition,
where he lost an arm and was taken prisoner. He
rejoined his regiment in 1778, but was transferred
to the Invalid Regiment. He took an active part in
trying to suppress the Militia riots in Philadelphia,
and while defending a friend from the mob was
killed on 4th October, 1779.
Colonel David Campbell, of Campbell's Station,
Tennessee, was born in Augusta County, Virginia,
1753. As Captain he saw service in the Colonial and
86 History of the Campbell Family
Continental Armies, and was at the Battle of Kings
Mountain. About 1782 he removed from Abingdon,
Virginia, to Washington County, East Tennessee,
and thence to Strawberry Plains. A large tract of
land was granted him for services during the War,
and he later moved to Knox County where he built
a station in 1787, which became known as Camp-
bell's Station. He died in 1832.
Another of the Campbells of Augusta County,
Virginia, who fought in the Battle of Kings Moun-
tain, was Colonel Robert Campbell, at that time an
Ensign. He was bom in 1755, and served in Chris-
tian's Campaign of 1774. He served conspicuously
through the war, rising to the rank of Colonel. He
is the author of a manuscript diary, and of an ac-
count of the Battle of King's Mountain published in
the "Boston Intelligencer" in 1810. He died in 1831.
Colonel Arthur Campbell, born 1743, was a son
of "White David" Campbell of Virginia. He served
as Captain and Colonel in the War of the Revolu-
tion. When only sixteen years old he was taken
prisoner by the Indians. The hardships which he
endured during the three years' captivity were very
severe, until he was finally protected by an aged
Chief who carried him to Canada, and to the old
French post of Detroit. The Jesuit fathers, who had
established a mission for the Indians, taught him
while he was there. He escaped and was recaptured
by the English Army in 1760, afterwards acting as
pilot to the Colonial Army in the Northwest. He
died in 1811.
In the preceding chapter it was mentioned that
Donald and George, the sons of Captain Lauchlin
Campbell of Islay, later of Campbell Hall, both saw
History of the Campbell Family 87
active service in the War of the Revolution. Donald
fought with the American forces ; George with the
British. It is told that on Sunday morning, 23rd
April, 1775, when the news of the Lexington en-
counter arrived in New York from Boston, Donald
Campbell paraded the town with drums beating and
colors flying. He volunteered for service with the
patriot army, and having had experience in military
affairs was commissioned, in July 1775, Deputy
Quartermaster General of the Department of New
York, which office he held until 2nd June, 1784.
When the invasion of Canada was decided upon by
Congress, Donald Campbell was appointed second
in command of the expedition under General Mont-
gomery. He took part in the siege of the fortress of
St. John, the entry into Montreal, and the attack
upon Quebec by the united forces of Montgomery
and Arnold. At the assault upon Quebec, when
Arnold was wounded, Montgomery slain and his
troops driven back, command of the New York con-
tingent devolved upon Donald Campbell. After
the war General Donald Campbell resided for a time
at Campbell Hall, of which he became the owner.
His brother George, on the outbreak of war,
offered his services to the crown, and was appointed
Lieut.-Colonel of Fannings Corps. He finally retired
on half pay as Lieut.-Colonel of the British Army.
Captain Hugh George Campbell, born in South
Carolina in 1760, volunteered on board the first
man of war commissioned by the Council of South
Carolina, in 1775. After serving through the War,
he became Master Commander in 1799 and Captain
in 1800. Later he served in the Mediterranean, and
in 1812 commanded some gunboats in St. Mary's
88 History of the Campbell Family
River during an insurrection against the Spanish
rule in Florida.
In the List of Continental Army Officers, the fol-
lowing of the name of Campbell are mentioned as
holding commissions in that section of the forces
engaged :
Brigadier-General William Campbell, already
mentioned.
Colonel Arthur Campbell, North Carolina Militia.
Colonel Donald Campbell, New York, of Camp-
bell Hall.
Colonel Samuel Campbell, New York Militia, of
Cherry Valley.
Lieut.-Colonel Richard Campbell, 13th Virginia
Regiment, with Washington at Valley Forge ; killed
at Eutaw Springs, 1781.
Captain David Campbell, Virginia Militia; at
King's Mountain.
Captain John Campbell, Virginia Militia; at
King's Mountain.
Captain Robert Campbell, Virginia Militia; at
King's Mountain.
Captain John Campbell, Virginia Militia; killed
at Moore's Creek, 1776.
Captain Duncan Campbell, New York Militia;
wounded at Bemis's Heights, 1777.
Captain Aeneas Campbell, 1st Maryland Battalion
of the Flying Camp.
Captain James Campbell, 2nd North Carolina
Regiment; wounded and taken prisoner at Stono
Ferry, 1779; exchanged, 1781 and served to close
of war.
Captain John Campbell, 10th and 4th North
Carolina Regiments.
History of the Campbell Family 89
Captain Peter Campbell, New Jersey; aide-de-
camp to General Dickinson.
Captain Robert Campbell, Pennsylvania Rifle
Regiment; wounded and taken prisoner at Staten
Island, J.777, lost an arm, rejoined 1778, killed
1779.
Captain Thomas Campbell, Pennsylvania Bat-
talion of the Flying Camp ; taken prisoner at Fort
Washington, 1776, released 1778, Captain, Penn-
sylvania Rangers 1779-1780.
Captain Thomas Campbell, 4th Pennsylvania
Regiment; wounded at Germantown.
Captain William Campbell, Learned's Massa-
chusetts Regiment.
Captain William Campbell, 6th Pennsylvania
Regiment ; wounded and taken prisoner at German-
town, 1777, exchanged 1780.
Adjutant Robert Campbell, 4th Maryland Bat-
talion of the Flying Camp.
Lieutenant Archibald Campbell, 2nd Virginia
Regiment.
Lieutenant Samuel Campbell, 14th Virginia Regi-
ment; died 1778.
Lieutenant Archibald Campbell, 6th Pennsylvania
Regiment.
Lieutenant James Campbell, Delaware Regiment ;
taken prisoner at Camden, 1780.
Lieutenant James Campbell, Smallwood's Mary-
land Regiment.
Lieutenant James Campbell, 1st Pennsylvania
Regiment.
Lieutenant John Campbell, 2nd Continental Artil-
lery.
90 History of the Campbell Family
Lieutenant John Campbell, 1st Battalion, Penn-
sylvania Flying Camp.
Lieutenant John Campbell, Pennsylvania Militia ;
killed in action, 1782.
Lieutenant Moses Campbell, Connecticut; in the
Lexington Alarm, April, 1775.
Lieutenant Robert Campbell, New Hampshire
Rangers.
Lieutenant Robert Campbell, New York; killed
at Oriskany, 1777.
Lieutenant Robert Campbell, South Carolina
Dragoons.
Lieutenant William Campbell, Maryland Militia.
Ensign Daniel Campbell; killed at Short Hills,
1777.
Ensign James Campbell, 4th New York Regiment.
Hospital Physician and Surgeon George W. Camp-
bell, New York.
Surgeon Jabez Campbell, Spencer's Continental
Regiment.
Assistant Commissary John Campbell, New York.
It is worthy of observation that the above list
contains names of commissioned officers, of the
name of Campbell, representing eleven of the then
thirteen States: Virginia, Pennsylvania, North
Carolina, New York, Maryland, Delaware, New
Jersey, Connecticut, New Hampshire, South Caro-
lina and Massachusetts.
The name of Campbell was equally well repre-
sented in the other troops raised by the different
States. It is not possible to make mention of each
member of the family who took part in the long and
memorable war, and bravely shared the dangers
and hardships of the patriots who fought under the
History of the Campbell Family 91
Stars and Stripes of the Continental Congress.
Massachusetts alone sent 211 soldiers and sailors
of the name of Campbell! From New York came
72, from New Jersey 52, and from each of the thir-
teen States the Campbell clansmen nobly answered
to the fiery cross of the cause of freedom. Mention
may, however, be made of the following, who,
among others of the name, served as officers in the
Militia and levies of the States: Colonel Alex-
ander Campbell, Massachusetts Militia; Lieutenant-
Colonel Alexander Campbell, J^ew York; Major
David Campbell, Virginia; Captain Angus Camp-
bell, Georgia; Captain William Campbell, Virginia;
Captain John Campbell, Virginia Militia; Captain
Alexander Campbell, Charlotte County Militia,
New York; Captain MacCartan Campbell, South
Carolina; Captain James Campbell, Massachusetts;
Captain Thomas Campbell, Massachusetts; Captain
Thomas Campbell, Pennsylvania; Captain William
Campbell, Pennsylvania; Captain William Camp-
bell, Maryland; Captain Robert Campbell, Penn-
sylvania; Captain Patrick Campbell, Pennsylvania;
Captain James Campbell, Pennsylvania; Captain
Robert Campbell, Pennsylvania; Adjutant Robert
Campbell, Maryland; Quarter-Master John Camp-
bell, New Jersey; Quarter-Master Andrew Camp-
bell, Massachusetts; Lieutenant John Campbell,
Georgia; Lieutenant MacDonald Campbell, Penn-
sylvania ; Lieutenant Duncan Campbell, New York ;
Lieutenant Patrick Campbell, New York; Lieuten-
ant Duncan Campbell, Regiment of Levies, New
York; Lieutenant James Campbell, New York;
Lieutenant Robert Campbell, New York; Lieu-
tenant John Campbell, New York; Lieuten-
92 History of the Campbell Family
ant John Campbell, Lamb's Artillery, New
York; Lieutenant James Campbell, Pennsyl-
vania; Lieutenant Archibald Campbell, Penn-
sylvania; Lieutenant David Campbell, New
Hampshire; Lieutenant Charles Campbell, Massa-
chusetts; Lieutenant James Campbell, Massachu-
setts ; Lieutenant William Campbell, of Murrayfield,
Massachusetts; Lieutenant William Campbell, of
Oxford, Massachusetts; Lieutenant James Camp-
bell, Maryland; Ensign John Campbell, Jr., New
York; Ensign James Campbell, New Hampshire;
Ensign Daniel Campbell, Pennsylvania ; Surgeon A.
Campbell, Connecticut; Chaplain Archibald Camp-
bell, Massachusetts.
Letters of marque were granted to Joseph Camp-
bell for the schooner "Cat,'* of 2 guns and 70 men ;
to David Campbell, of the brigantine "Ariel," of 10
guns, and to William Campbell, of the brig
"George," of 10 guns. William Campbell was
prize-master on the brigantine "Tyrannicide."
Mine host William Campbell kept the Salutation
Inn, Boston, a famous rallying place for the patriots
during Revolutionary times.
With the British forces engaged in the war, 114
officers of the name of Campbell held commissions,
including Lieutenant-General H. Fletcher Campbell,
Major-General Sir Archibald Campbell, Major-Gen-
eral John Campbell and Adjutant-General William
Campbell.
Lord William Campbell, third brother of the
Duke of Argyll, was the Royal Governor of South
Carolina in 1775. He escaped to a British vessel
in Charleston harbor, and went to Jamaica. The
following year Lord William was mortally wounded
History of the Campbell Family 93
while fighting on the quarterdeck of the "Bristol,"
in the attack upon Charleston.
On the AUington heights, to the southwest of
New Haven, Connecticut, a monument was erected
to the memory of Adjutant-General William Camp-
bell of the British army. This officer showed such
a noble spirit of humanity in the discharge of his
duty, protecting the helpless and preventing need-
less destruction, that the citizens of New Haven
erected this stone to perpetuate his virtues. He
was shot by a young man, while on an errand of
mercy. By the citizens the stone was inscribed:
"Fell during the British Invasion of New Haven,
July 5, 1779. Blessed Are the Merciful."
The War of 1812 again called many Campbells to
the colors, the following being among those of the
name who held commissions in the Army during this
war:
Colonel David Campbell, 12th and 20th Regi-
ments and 3rd Brigade ; later. Governor of Virginia.
Colonel John B. Campbell; died of wounds re-
ceived at the Battle of Chippewa.
Lieutenant-Colonel John Campbell.
Major William Campbell.
Major James Campbell.
Captain Henry M. Campbell; mentioned for dis-
tinguished conduct at the Battles of Chippewa and
Niagara Falls.
Captain John Campbell, New York; 26tH to-
fantry.
Captain John Campbell, Virginia.
Captain John Campbell, New York; 13th Infan-
try.
Captain I. Campbell.
94 History of the Campbell Family
Captain James H. Campbell.
Captain Robert Campbell.
Captain Thomas Campbell.
Captain Thomas L. Campbell.
Captain James Campbell.
Lieutenant Caleb B. Campbell.
Lieutenant James Campbell.
Lieutenant John Campbell.
Serving in the Navy were: Midshipman A. S.
Campbell, Surgeon Charles Campbell, Midshipman
Eben Campbell, Captain H. G. Campbell and Mid-
shipman James Campbell.
A distinguished soldier of the Mexican War,
1846-1848, Colonel William B. Campbell was born
in Sumner County, Tennessee, 1807. Elected State
Senator in 1834, he served in Colonel Trousdale's
Regiment in 1836. He was six years in the United
States Congress. In the Mexican War he was Colo-
nel of the 1st Tennessee Regiment, "The Bloody
First," and fought at the Battles of Monterey and
Buena Vista. Campbell himself led the charge at
the storming of the fort at the Battle of Monterey,
21st September, 1846, and his troops hoisted the
first American flag on the walls of this Mexican
city. The form of Campbell's command to charge,
was, "Boys, follow me!", which became an historic
expression. After the close of the war he was Cir-
cuit Judge of his district, and Governor of the
State in 1851.
Other officers named Campbell who took part in
the war with Mexico include :
Major Brookens Campbell, Commissary.
Captain Reuben P. Campbell ; mentioned for gal-
lant and meritorious conduct at the Battle of Buena
History of the Campbell Family 95
Vista; with the Confederate States Army in the
Civil War.
Captain James M. Campbell, U. S. A.
Captain John B. Campbell, U. S. A.
Captain John A. Campbell, Illinois.
Lieutenant Charles T. Campbell, U. S. A.
Lieutenant Alfred C. Campbell, Illinois.
Lieutenant John Campbell, Arkansas.
Lieutenant John S. Campbell, Missouri.
Lieutenant Alfred J. Campbell, Illinois:
Lieutenant Churchill G. Campbell, Indiana.
Lieutenant David Campbell, Kentucky.
Lieutenant John Campbell, Louisiana.
Lieutenant Stephen H. Campbell, U. S. A.
Lieutenant Thomas L. Campbell, U. S. A.
Assistant Surgeon John Campbell, U. S. A.
Intimately connected with both the commence-
ment and the close of the Civil War, John Archibald
Campbell figured in the beginning of the conflict
and at the end, as a negotiator. In March, 1861,
the provisional Government of the Confederacy, or-
ganized at Montgomery, sent three commissioners
to Washington to negotiate for the peaceful separa-
tion of the States. The Lincoln administration re-
fusing them recognition, John A. Campbell of Ala-
bama, a Justice of the Supreme CoUrt, placed his
services at the disposal of the Confederate Com-
missioners. His State had already joined the Con-
federate cause, and he himself believed his alle-
giance to Alabama superior to any obligation he
owed to the United States. "He is a Unionist,"
says the New York Tribune of Campbell, 3rd May,
1861, ''but feels bound to adhere to the future of his
State." Campbell obtained three interviews with
96 History of the Campbell Family
Secretary Seward, who told him he thought Ft.
Sumter would soon be evacuated, as desired by the
Confederate Government. But early in April, prep-
arations for the dispatch of an expedition to Ft.
Sumter caused Campbell to again seek the State
Department, when Seward, with President Lin-
coln's knowledge, gave Campbell a written memo-
randum that, while the President might desire to
supply Ft. Sumter, he would not do so without giv-
ing notice to Governor Pickens. On April 7th,
alarmed by reports and the sailing of armed vessels,
Campbell wrote to Secretary Seward regarding the
assurance given him. Seward sent him a brief
note: "Faith as to Sumter kept — ^wait and see."
The Sumter expedition received sailing orders
from President Lincoln, and a copy of these orders
was, on April 6th, dispatched by messenger to Gov-
ernor Pickens, giving him the due notice promised.
Campbell resigned from the Supreme Bench, and
left Washington for the South. In the early dawn
of April 12th the Confederate cannon commenced
the shelling of Ft. Sumter and the appeal to arms.
During the war John A. Campbell was Assistant
Secretary of War of the Confederate States. In
1865 we find him once more acting the role of nego-
tiator. On 28th January of that year, Davis ap-
pointed Campbell one of three commissioners who
met President Lincoln and Secretary Seward at Ft.
Monroe. The conference ended, as it had begun,
in a spirit of good will and courtesy, but utterly
failed to find ground for negotiation on equal terms ;
and the Southern States drew all their resources
together for a last determined stand. Again, in
the final scenes of the war, Campbell remained be-
History of the Campbell Family 97
hind after the fall of Richmond, and was accorded
several interviews by President Lincoln on the sub-
ject of political reconstruction. He was confined
for a short time in Ft. Pulaski, but was released on
parole and resumed practice of the law at New Or-
leans. He died at Baltimore in 1889.
The official records of the Civil War contain
314 entries of the name of Campbell; but these
figures do not indicate the total number of Camp-
bells enrolled. Some of the States and Territories,
to whom no quotas were assigned, furnished men,
and many men were enrolled on enlistments for a
shorter period than ninety days, for which, with a
few exceptions, the States received no credit.
Among officers of the name of Campbell in the
Regular Army of the United States during the Civil
War were :
Brigadier-General John A. Campbell ; referred to
later.
Colonel John Campbell, Medical Director.
Colonel Cleaveland J. Campbell, 23rd Regiment;
and Brigadier General of Volunteers.
Lieutenant-Colonel John Campbell, 28th Infantry.
Major Joseph B. Campbell, 4th Artillery; brevet
Captain for gallant and meritorious service in the
Battle of Bull Run, brevet Major for gallant and
meritorious service in the Battle of Antietam.
Major Lafayette E. Campbell, 15th and 33rd In-
fantry.
Captain Charles H. Campbell, 6th Cavalry; bre-
vetted for gallant and meritorious service in the
Battle of Petersburg.
Lieutenant Andrew Campbell, 19th Infantry.
Lieutenant Charles E. Campbell, 42nd Infantry.
98 History of the Campbell Family
Lieutenant George J. Campbell, 3rd Cavalry.
Lieutenant John A. Campbell, 2nd Artillery .
Lieutenant William J. Campbell, 22nd Infantry.
Lieutenant Quentin Campbell, 5th Infantry.
Lieutenant Thompson Campbell, Jr., 17th In-
fantry.
Lieutenant John S. Campbell, 12th Infantry.
At various times during the war there were also
furnished Volunteers, Militia and Levies by the
States and Territories loyal to the Union. Included
in the Field Officers of the organizations of the dif-
ferent States were many Campbells:
Brigadier-General Cleaveland J. Campbell, New
York; mentioned later.
Brigadier-General Edward L. Campbell, New Jer-
sey; brevet Colonel for distinguished gallantry at
the Battle of Cedar Creek ; brevet Brigadier General
for gallant and meritorious services during opera-
tions resulting in the fall of Richmond, and the sur-
render of the army under General Robert E. Lee.
Brigadier-General Jacob M. Campbell, Pennsyl-
vania; brevet Brigadier-General for gallant and
meritorious conduct at the Battle of Piedmont.
Brigadier-General Charles T. Campbell, Penn-
sylvania; mentioned later.
Brigadier-General William B. Campbell, Tennes-
see; mentioned in connection with the Mexican
War.
Colonel Archibald P. Campbell, Michigan; Colo-
nel Hugh J. Campbell, Iowa; Colonel David Camp-
bell, Pennsylvania; Colonel Franklin Campbell, Il-
linois; Colonel John C. Campbell, Pennsylvania;
Colonel Lewis D. Campbell, Ohio; Colonel Wallace
Campbell, U. S. C. Infantry; Lieutenant-Colonel
History of the Campbell Family 99
John B. Campbell, West Virginia, Judge Advocate ;
Lieutenant-Colonel Andrew K. Campbell, Illinois;
Lieutenant-Colonel Benjamin F. Campbell, Illinois;
Lieutenant-Colonel Calvin D. Campbell, Indiana;
Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Campbell, Pennsyl-
vania; Lieutenant-Colonel George H. Campbell, Il-
linois; Lieutenant-Colonel William T. Campbell,
Kansas; Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas W. Campbell,
Kentucky; Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh S. Campbell,
Pennsylvania; Lieutenant-Colonel Robert F. Camp-
bell, Maine; Lieutenant-Colonel Josiah Campbell,
Indiana; Lieutenant-Colonel James W. Campbell,
U. S. C. Infantry; Major John B. Campbell, Ken-
tucky, Assistant Quarter-Master; Major Archibald
B. Campbell, Pennsylvania, Surgeon; Major Ben-
jamin B. Campbell, Assistant Adjutant General,
brevet Major for distinguished gallantry in action ;
Major Charles F. H. Campbell, Pennsylvania, Sur-
geon; Major James Campbell, Illinois, Assistant
Quarter-Master; Major Charles W. Campbell, New
York, Paymaster; Major George W. Campbell, Il-
linois, Commissary; Major Charles H. Campbell,
New York, Assistant Adjutant-General; Major Jo-
seph B. Campbell, U. S. A., additional aide-de-camp ;
Major Robert G. Campbell, Tennessee, Assistant
Quarter-Master; Major George Campbell, New
York; Major Douglas Campbell, New York; Major
Aaron S. Campbell, Ohio; Major Charles C. Camp-
bell, Illinois; Major William P. Campbell, Ken-
tucky; Major Robert A. Campbell, Missouri; Major
John L. Campbell, Illinois; Major James H. Camp-
bell, Pennsylvania ; Major James B. Campbell, New
York ; Major James R. Campbell, New York, Assist-
ant Adjutant General, mentioned for gallant and
100 History of the Campbell Family
meritorious services at the Battle of the Wilderness,
brevet Major for gallant and meritorious services
at the Battle of Five Forks.
Serving in the Navy of the Union Government
were: Lieutenant-Commander Marshal C. Camp-
bell; Master Daniel A. Campbell; Surgeon N. L.
Campbell; Surgeon William H. Campbell; Ensign
Francis D. Campbell; Ensign Alexander D. Camp-
bell; Ensign George C. Campbell; Ensign William
G. Campbell ; Engineer Thomas C. Campbell ; Engi-
neer William C. Campbell ; Engineer Joseph Camp-
bell ; Engineer Albert B. Campbell ; Engineer James
C. Campbell ; Engineer Alexander Campbell ; Gunner
Robert Campbell.
Brigadier General of Volunteers in the Civil War,
John Allen Campbell, was born in Salem, Ohio,
1835. He began life as a printer, entering the Fed-
eral Army in 1861 as 2nd Lieutenant of Volunteers.
Promoted Major and Assistant Adjutant General in
1862, he was, in 1865, given brevet rank as Brig-
adier General of Volunteers, "for courage in the
field and marked ability and fidelity," at Red Moun-
tain, Shiloh, Perrysville, Murfreesboro and through
the Atlanta campaign. After being mustered out
in 1866 he was, for a time, editorially connected
with the Leader at Cleveland, Ohio. In October,
1867, he joined the Regular Army as 2nd Lieuten-
ant, but was at once brevetted the different ranks
to Lieutenant-Colonel. He served on the staff of
General Schofield, and when that officer was ap-
pointed Secretary of War in President Johnson's
cabinet. Colonel Campbell was his Assistant Secre-
tary. In 1869, President Grant made him first Gov-
ernor of the Territory of Wyoming, to which he was
History of the CampheU Family 101
reappointed in 1873. In 1875 he was third Assist-
ant Secretary of State, and died in 1880.
Brigadier-General Cleaveland J. Campbell was
born at New York City in 1836. He joined the
Union Army and fought bravely, rising from a pri-
vate to Lieutenant-Colonel. He rendered distin-
guished service on the occasion of the mine explo-
sion at Petersburg, leading his regiment into the
hottest of the fight, where he was seriously wounded
by a shell, which wound ultimately caused his death.
He received the brevet rank of Brigadier General
in March, 1865, and died the following June.
Brigadier-General Charles Thomas Campbell was
born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, 1823, and,
in 1847, entered the United States Army during the
Mexican War, as Lieutenant, being promoted Cap-
tain the same year. In the Civil War he was com-
missioned Colonel of the 1st Pennsylvania Artillery.
At Fair Oaks his horse was shot under him and he
received two severe wounds. Taken prisoner with
his whole regiment, he turned upon his captors and
succeeded in carrying two hundred of them into the
Federal lines as prisoners. He was promoted Brig-
adier General in 1863.
Enlisting in the ranks, George Campbell of New
York, came home from his first enlistment as a Ser-
geant-Major. When the war ended he was a full-
fledged Major. He took an active part in the Grand
Army of the Republic and rose to be Department
Vice-Commander of the New York State Encamp-
ment, with the title of General.
Another Campbell, who rose from the ranks was
Major Douglas Campbell, of Cherry Valley, New
York. He enlisted in the Union Army as a private
102 History of the Campbell Family
on the outbreak of war, and reached by promotion
the rank of Major.
Allen Campbell was employed as Engineer of the
Harbor Defense of the port of New York during the
war; and in 1876 was Commissioner of Public
Works of New York City. In 1880 he was elected
Comptroller of the city, and in 1882 was unsuccess-
ful candidate for Mayor.
Many Campbells fought with the forces of the
Confederate States, but the records of the South-
ern Army are in many respects deficient, as com-
pared to those of the Federal Government.
Assistant Secretary of War of the Confederate
States, John Archibald Campbell, has already been
mentioned.
Brigadier-General Alexander William Campbell
was born in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1828. After
graduating from West Tennessee College and being
admitted to the bar, he enlisted in the Confederate
service in 1861. He was placed on the staff of Gen-
eral Cheatham, promoted Colonel of the 34th Ten-
nessee Infantry, and gained the rank of Brigadier
General, with the command of the Cavalry Brigade,
in 1864. He died in 1893.
Colonel Reuben Philander Campbell joined the
Confederate States Army, served as Colonel of the
7th North Carolina Infantry, and was killed at the
, Battle of Gaines Mill, 27th June, 1862. He had for-
! merly been Captain in the United States Army and
served in the Mexican War, being mentioned for
I gallant and meritorious conduct in the Battle of
Buena Vista.
Colonel Josiah A. P. Campbell, born in South
Carolina, 1830, was one of the Mississippi Dele-
gates to the Convention which organized the Con-
History of the Campbell Family 103
ffederate States. He served in the Confederate
Army as Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel of In-
fantry, and Colonel of Cavalry. After the war he
was elected Chief Justice' of Mississippi, and as such
is more fully referred to in Chapter VII.
Major James C. Campbell served with the Army
of the Confederacy in the 48th Regiment, Virginia
Volunteers. He was wounded at the Battle of Mc-
Dowell, 8th May, 1862.
Captain Given Campbell of Kentucky was in com-
mand of the picked party of Confederate soldiers
selected to accompany Mr. Davis, when it was urged
upon him to escape, during the last days of the
Confederacy. It has been said that he was one of
the most gallant and intelligent officers in the Con-
federate service, and for that reason was chosen
to command the small escort, who had all been
picked as men to be relied on in any emergency.
William Patton Anderson Campbell joined the
Confederate Navy when the war began, resigning
from the United States Navy. He served through
the war, and at the close went to Egypt, where he
died in the service of the Khedive.
D. C. Campbell was Commissioner from Georgia
to Delaware to make known the position of Georgia,
in 1861; and in the Congress of the Confederate
States at Montgomery, in the same year, J. A. P.
Campbell was a Delegate from Mississippi.
Dr. Henry F. Campbell was in charge of the
Georgia Hospital for the sick and wounded, in Vir-
ginia.
In the time of the War with Spain, 1898,
the following officers of the name of Campbell held
commissions in the United States Regular Army:
Captain James A. Campbell; Captain Archibald
104 History of the Campbell Family
Campbell; Lieutenant Harry Rowland Campbell;
Lieutenant William A. Campbell ; Lieutenant Staley
A. Campbell; Lieutenant John M. Campbell; Lieu-
tenant Niel Angus Campbell.
Among officers who volunteered for service in
the same war were: Colonel James R. Campbell,
Illinois, 30th United States Infantry; Colonel Ed-
ward A. Campbell, New Jersey; Major Robert E.
Campbell, Ohio; Major Perle A. Campbell, Ohio;
Captain Arthur E. Campbell, Nebraska; Captain
Thomas Campbell, 7th and 49th United States In-
fantry; Captain Charles S. Campbell, 28th United
States Infantry; Captain Wright G. Campbell, Vir-
ginia ; Captain Thomas R. J. Campbell, 47th United
States Infantry; Lieutenant Tilman Campbell, Ar-
kansas, 33rd United States Infantry ; Lieutenant Al-
fred McB. Campbell, Mississippi; Lieutenant Bart-
ley J. Campbell, 8th United States Infantry; Lieu-
tenant William A. Campbell, Michigan; Lieutenant
Edward K. Campbell, Ohio; Lieutenant Ernest W.
Campbell, Minnesota ; Lieutenant William A. Camp-
bell, Kentucky; Lieutenant John Campbell, 30th
United States Infantry; Lieutenant Frank Camp-
bell, Maryland; Lieutenant James W. Campbell,
Oregon; Lieutenant Henry F. Campbell, Pennsyl-
vania; Lieutenant James A. Campbell, 5th United
States Infantry; Lieutenant Frank Campbell, Ne-
vada; Lieutenant James R. Campbell, Alabama;
Lieutenant Robert H. Campbell, Mississippi; Lieu-
tenant James A. G. Campbell, Pennsylvania; Lieu-
tenant Guilford E. Campbell, 49th United States
Infantry; Lieutenant Henry C. Campbell, Missis-
sippi; Chaplain James 0. Campbell, Ohio.
CHAPTER VII
NOTABLE feature of the eighteenth
century in America, was the movement
of the settlers from the seaboard into
the interior. In a preceding chapter
we have seen that members of the Campbell family
who early arrived in this country, in the main, set-
tled in the seaboard districts of the new Colonies.
Soon these coast regions became occupied, and we
find the Campbells following the new trend of mi-
gration to the South and West. They crossed the
Alleghanies, settled in the valleys of the Blue Ridge,
and pushed on into Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee.
Plying the axe and plow with untiring resolution,
they pitched their tents deep into the bosom of the
undeveloped country. With others of their race,
— Highlanders, Lowlanders and Ulstermen — ^they
were the true frontiersmen of the onward move-
ment; the old warlike spirit of the clan fearing
neither Indians nor the difficulties of the path, they
thrust the outer bulwark further and further into
the great land of the West.
Succeeding generations of these hardy pioneer
Campbells have, in more peaceful times, obtained
distinction and honor in each State and Territory.
Amid milder institutions they have taken a notable
part in the civil life of their country, and gained
for themselves a front rank among the leaders of
mind and intellect.
105
106 History of the Campbell Family
In the political life of the country the Campbell
family has been represented in both houses of Con-
gress.
Alexander Campbell was Senator from Ohio in
the eleventh and twelfth Congresses, 1809 to 1813.
He was descended from an old Argyllshire family,
who removed to Ulster in 1612, their descendants
first settling in Augusta County, Virginia, in 1740.
George W. Campbell was Senator from Tennes-
see in the twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth and fif-
teenth Congresses, 1811 to 1819. He was born in
Tennessee, in 1768, and graduated from Princeton
College. In February, 1814, he was appointed by
President Madison, Secretary of the Treasury,
which office he held until September, 1814, when he
resigned on account of ill health. He was re-elected
to the Senate. In April, 1818, Campbell became
Minister to Russia, remaining abroad until 1820.
Later he was appointed Judge of the United States
District Court of Tennessee. He died in 1848.
John Campbell was Member of the House of Rep-
resentatives from Maryland in the 7th, 8th, 9th,
10th and 11th Congresses, 1801-1811. He was born
in Charles County, Maryland, was Judge of the
Orphans Court of that County, and died at Port
Tobacco, in 1828.
George W. Campbell, who has already been men-
tioned as Senator, was Representative from Ten-
nessee to the 8th, 9th and 10th Congresses, 1801-
1807.
John W. Campbell was Representative from Ohio
in the 15th to the 19th Congresses. He was born
in Augusta County, Virginia, of the old Scottish
family which settled there in 1740. Was Judge of
History of the Campbell Family 107
the United States Court for the District of Ohio.
Died in 1833.
Samuel Campbell, Representative from New York
to the 17th, 18th and 19th Congresses, 1821-1827,
was born in Connecticut, and moved to Columbus,
New York.
Robert B. Campbell was member of the House
of Representatives from South Carolina in the 18th,
23rd and 24th Congresses. He was a native of
South Carolina. He was appointed Consul Gen-
eral at Havana in 1842 by President Tyler.
John Campbell was Representative from South
Carolina to the 21st, 25th, 26th, 27th and 28th Con-
gresses. He was born in South Carolina, and prac-
ticed law at Brownsville and Parnassus. Died in
1845.
William B. Campbell, who is later mentioned as
Governor of the State, was Representative from
Tennessee to the 25th, 26th, 27th and 39th Con-
gresses. He served in the Mexican War, as told
in Chapter VI.
Thomas J. Campbell was Representative from
Tennessee to the 27th Congress, 1841-1843. He
was born in the State in 1786, and served as Clerk
of the House of Representatives in the 30th and
31st Congresses, until his death at Washington
in 1850.
John H. Campbell, Representative from Penn-
sylvania to the 29th Congress, 1845-1847, was born
in Pennsylvania, and practiced as a lawyer. He
died in 1868.
William W. Campbell, Representative from New
York to the 29th Congress, 1845-1847, was born at
Cherry Valley, New York, 1806. He was Justice
108 History of the Campbell Family
of the Superior Court of New York City from 1849
until 1855, and was elected a Judge of the State
Supreme Court in 1857.
Lewis D. Campbell was Representative from
Ohio to the 31st to 35th Congresses, 1849-1859, and
to the 42nd Congress, 1871-1873. A native of
Franklin, Ohio, he served in the Union Army as
Colonel of Volunteers, 1861-1862. He was com-
missioned Minister to Mexico in 1866.
Thompson Campbell, Representative from Illinois
to the 32nd Congress, 1851-1853, was born in Penn-
sylvania, and moved to Galena, Illinois. He was
interested in mining, and died in California, 1868.
John P. Campbell was Representative from Ken-
tucky to the 34th Congress, 1855-1857. Born in
Kentucky, he was a member of the State House of
Representatives in 1826.
James H. Campbell was Representative from
Pennsylvania to the 34th, 36th and 37th Congresses.
He was born at Williamsport, Pennsylvania, 1820,
and served as Minister to Sweden from 1864 to
1867. He died at Wayne, Pennsylvania, 1895.
Jacob M. Campbell, Representative from Penn-
sylvania to the 45th, 47th, 48th and 49th Con-
gresses, was born in Allegheny Township, Penn-
sylvania, 1821. He served in the Union Army, ris-
ing to the rank of Brigadier General. Died, 1888.
James E. Campbell, mentioned later as Governor
of the State, was Representative from Ohio to the
48th, 49th and 50th Congresses, 1883-1889.
Felix Campbell was Representative from New
York to the 48th, 49th, 50th and 51st Congresses.
He was born at Brooklyn, 1829, and died there in
1902.
History of the Campbell Family 109
Timothy J. Campbell, Representative from New
York to the 49th, 50th, 52nd and 53d Congresses,
was born in Ireland, 1840, of Scottish ancestry,
coming to New York City when five years of age.
Elected to the State Assembly, and as State Sen-
ator, prior to becoming Representative to Congress,
he was made famous by his rejoinder to President
Cleveland. The story is told that one day Campbell
came to talk with Grover Cleveland, then Governor
of New York, about a bill in the Governor's hands.
The future President listened to CampbelFs appeal
for executive approval, and getting up from his
chair, put his hand on Campbell's shoulder, saying
kindly: "Tim, I can't sign this bill. It is unconsti-
tutional." "Ah, what's the Constitution between
friends," replied Campbell.
James R. Campbell wias Representative from Illi-
nois to the 55th Congress. He was born in Hamil-
ton County, Illinois, 1853, and served in the Spanish
War as Colonel.
Albert J. Campbell was Representative from
Montana in the 56th Congress, 1899-1901. He was
born at Pontiac, Michigan, 1857, and admitted to
the bar in 1881.
Philip P. Campbell has been member of the
House of Representatives from Kansas to all Con-
gresses since the 59th, having been first elected in
1902 and re-elected for the ninth time to the 66th
Congress, 1919-1921. He is a native of Nova Scotia,
and moved with his parents to Kansas.
William W. Campbell was Representative from
Ohio to the 59th Congress, 1905-1907. Born at
Rochester, Vermont, 1853.
Guy E. Campbell, Representative from Pennsyl-
110 History of the Campbell Family
vania to the 65th and 66th Congresses, was born in
West Virginia, 1871, and went to Allegheny County
in 1889.
Connected with the 66th Congress, now in ses-
sion are : Edward Kernan Campbell, Chief Justice
of the Court of Claims of the United States, who
was born at Abingdon, Virginia, 1858, and ap-
pointed Chief Justice of the Court in 1913 ; Richard
K. Campbell, Commissioner of Naturalization ; Wal-
ter N. Campbell, Chief of Finance Division, Bu-
reau of Pensions; Ira A. Campbell, Admiralty
Counsel to the United States Shipping Board, and
Walter G. Campbell, Assistant Chief of the Bureau
of Chemistry.
Six members of the family have been Governors
of States.
David Campbell was the 21st Governor of Vir-
ginia, 1837-1840. He was born in the State, at
Royal Oaks, Botetout County, in 1779. In 1795, in
his sixteenth year, he was appointed Ensign in the
Militia, and in 1799 commissioned Captain of a com-
pany of Light Infantry which he raised. He stud-
ied law, but did not practice, and in 1812 was com-
missioned Major in the United States Army, being
promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel in 1813. He took
part in the arduous campaigns on the St. Lawrence
and toward Lake Champlain. On returning home.
Colonel Campbell served as aide-de-camp to General
Barbour, and was elected General of the 3rd Bri-
gade of Virginia. He retired from the Governor-
ship in March, 1840, and died in 1859.
William B. Campbell, a distinguished soldier of
the War with Mexico, as told in Chapter VI, be-
came Governor of Tennessee in 1851.
History of the Campbell Family 111
John A. Campbell was Governor of the Territory
of Wyoming in 1869 and 1873.
James Ej Campbell, Governor of Ohio, 1890-
1891, was born at Middletown, Ohio, in 1843. He
served in the Federal Navy during the Civil War,
and later practiced law, being prosecuting attor-
ney of Butler County, 1876-1880. He also served
as Representative in Congress.
Thomas M. Campbell was elected Governor of
Texas in 1906, inaugurated 1907, and re-elected in
1909. Born at Rusk, Texas, 1856, he was admitted
to the bar in 1878. In July, 1892, he became gen-
eral manager of the International and Great North-
ern Railroad, from which position he later resigned
and resumed practice of the law.
Thomas E. Campbell was, on the face of the re-
turns, elected Governor of Arizona in November,
1916, but relinquished office in December, 1917,
after recount of votes. He was again elected Gov-
ernor in November, 1918, for the term 1919-1921.
The judiciary of the different States includes
many distinguished members of the Campbell fam-
ily ; and the name has at all times been prominently
represented at the bar.
James V. Campbell, Chief Justice of the State of
Michigan, was born at Buffalo, NeW York, in 1823.
In 1826 his father removed to Detroit. James V.
Campbell was admitted to the bar in 1844, and when
thirty-four years of age was elected Justice, on the
reorganization of the Supreme Court of Michigan,
1857. He continued on the bench for thirty-three
years. In 1870 he was made professor of law in
the University of Michigan.
Josiah A. P. CarapbeJJ, Chief Justice of the State
112 History of the Campbell Family
of Mississippi, was a native of South Carolina, hav-
ing been born in Lancaster District, 1830. He was
admitted to the bar of Mississippi in 1847. In
1861 he represented the State in the General Con-
vention of the seceding States at Montgomery. On
the outbreak of war he was elected Captain of an
infantry company in the Confederate Army and
later was Lieutenant-Colonel of his regiment. He
fought in the Battles of luka and Corinth, at the
latter of which he was wounded while commanding
his regiment. Jefferson Davis then appointed him
to the rank of Colonel of Cavalry, in which capacity
he served until the surrender of Lee. In 1865 he
was chosen Circuit Judge, serving until called upon
to take the test oath in 1870, when he resumed pri-
vate practice. In 1876 he was appointed Judge of
the Supreme Court of Mississippi, and, in 1882,
Chief Justice of the State, from which office he
retired in 1894.
John Campbell, Chief Justice of the State of Col-
orado, was born in Monroe County, Indiana, 1853,
and graduated at Iowa State University in 1879.
He practiced law at Colorado Springs. In 1888
he was elected District Judge and Supreme Court
Judge in 1895, being afterwards appointed Chief
Justice of the State.
William W. Campbell, previously mentioned as a
Representative in Congress, Judge of the Supreme
Court of New York, published several works, the
most notable being, "Annals of Tryon County;"
"Memoirs of Mrs. Grant;" "Life and Writings of
DeWitt Clinton," and "Sketches of Robin Hood and
Captain Kidd." He died at Cherry Valley, 1881.
History of the Campbell Family 113
James Campbell, lawyer and Postmaster General
in the administration of President Pierce, was bom
at Philadelphia in 1812. His father emigrated from
Ireland. James Campbell was admitted to the bar
in 1834 and was engaged in the Wheeling bridge
case and the Dred Scott case. He became Judge
of the Court of Common Pleas in 1841, which of-
fice he held for ten years, when he was elected At-
torney General for the State of Pennsylvania. On
7th March, 1853, President Pierce appointed him
Postmaster General, which ofiice he held until the
end of the administration. During his tenure of
ofiice he reduced the rate of postage, introduced the
registry system, stamped envelopes, and separated
postage stamps. He resumed practice in Phila-
delphia, where he died in 1893.
Hugh Jones Campbell was bom in Pennsylvania,
1831. When the Civil War broke out he was study-
ing law at Muscatine, Iowa, and raised a regiment
of volunteers, of which he was appointed Major,
1862, Lieutenant-Colonel, 1863, and Colonel, 1864.
At the close of the war he finished his law studies
and was later appointed a United States Circuit
Judge. Campbell removed to what was then Dakota
Territory in 1877, and was at the head of the move-
ments for division of the Territory into North Da-
kota and South Dakota, and for admission into the
Union. Throughout Dakota Campbell was popu-
larly known as the Father of Statehood. He died
in 1898.
In educational work many bearing the name of
Campbell have occupied eminent positions in the
universities and colleges of the country.
114 History of the Campbell Family
Samuel L. Campbell was second President tof
Washington and Lee University. He occupied the
chair from 1798 until 1799.
William Henry Campbell, President of Rutgers
College, was bom in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1808.
He graduated from Dickinson College, in 1828. He
went to Flatbush, L. I., and was a teacher at Eras-
mus Hall, being licensed by the Presbytery of New
York in 1831. He was Principal of Erasmus Hall
from 1834 until 1839. From 1841 to 1848 he de-
voted his time to church work in Albany, New
York, when he accepted the position of Principal of
Albany Academy. Dr. Campbell was elected Presi-
dent of Rutgers College in 1863, which position he
held until he resigned in 1882. He was the author
of ''Subjects and Modes of Baptism;'' ''System of
Catechetical Instruction,'' and other religious
works.
Thomas J. Campbell, S. J., thirteenth President
of St. John's College, Fordham, was bom in New
York City in 1848. Father Campbell was ap-
pointed Rector of St. John's College in 1885, and
in 1889 became provincial of the New York-Mary-
land Diocese. Editor "Messenger of the Sacred
Heart," 1900.
Prince Lucian Campbell became President of the
University of Oregon in 1902. He was born at
Newmarket, Missouri, 1861, and graduated at Har-
vard in 1886.
Ross Turner Campbell, President of Cooper Col-
lege, Sterling, Kansas, 1910, was bom at Clifton,
Ohio, 1863.
Edmond Ernest Campbell, President of the Ir-
ving College and Music Conservatory, Mechanics-
History of the Campbell Family 115
burg, Pennsylvania, was born at Waynesboro,
Pennsylvania, in 1859, and graduated at Roanoke
College, Virginia, 1879. Ph. D. Susquehanna Uni-
versity, 1893.
William Wallace Campbell, Director of Lick Ob-
servatory, was born in Hancock County, Ohio, 11th
April, 1862, and graduated from the University of
Michigan in 1886, with the degree of B. S. He was
appointed to the chair of mathematics in the State
University of Colorado, where he remained until
he became Instructor in Astronomy in the Univer-
sity of Michigan, in 1888. He was appointed As-
tronomer at Lick Observatory in 1891; Acting Di-
rector, 1900, and Director in 1901. In charge of
the Lick Observatory Expedition to India, 1897-98,
to observe the total eclipse of the sun. Also the Ex-
peditions to Georgia, 1900 ; to Spain, 1905 ; to Flint
Island, 1908, and to Kiev, Russia, 1914. He was
Stillman Lecturer, Yale, 1909-10; Hale Lecturer,
National Academy of Sciences, 1914. Received
Lalande Prize, Paris Academy of Sciences, 1903
Gold Medal, Royal Astronomical Society, 1906
Draper Gold Medal, National Academy of Sciences
1906; Janssen Prize (gold medal), Paris Academy
of Sciences, 1910; Bruce Gold Medal, 1915. Au-
thor of "The Elements of Practical Astronomy,''
"Stellar Motions," and numerous papers on astro-
nomical subjects.
Francis Joseph Campbell was born in Franklin
County, Tennessee, in 1832. An accident in early
childhood resulted in his total blindness. When
eighteen years of age he was appointed Teacher of
Music at the Tennessee State Institution for the
Blind. Later, he taught music at the Wisconsin
116 History of the Campbell Family
Institution for the Blind, and became Professor of
Music at the Perkins Institute, South Boston. Dr.
Campbell was instrumental in founding the cele-
brated English Royal Normal College for the Blind.
In 1871, he was attending a meeting in London con-
nected with the education of the blind, when he de-
cided to remain in that city and assist in teaching.
Largely as a result of Dr. Campbell's efforts the
Royal Normal College was founded.
John Lyle Campbell, elected Professor of Physics
and Astronomy, Wabash College, 1850, was born at
Salem, Indiana, 1827.
Theodorick Pryor Campbell, Dean of the General
Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute, was born
at Nottoway, Virginia, 1861.
Henry Donald Campbell was elected Professor of
Geology and Biology at Washington and Lee Uni-
versity, 1887. He was born at Lexington, Virginia,
1862, and graduated from Washington and Lee
University, A. M., 1882 ; Ph. D., 1885. Dean of the
University, 1906.
John Pendleton Campbell, elected Professor of
Biology, University of Georgia, 1888, was born
Cumberland, Maryland, 1863, and graduated at
Johns Hopkins University in 1885.
Killis Campbell, Professor of the University of
Texas, was bom at Enfield, Virginia, 1872, and
graduated at College of William and Mary, 1894.
He is author of "The Seven Sages of Rome" and
edited "The Poems of Edgar Allan Poe."
Edward De Mille Campbell, Professor of Chem-
istry, University of Michigan, was born at Detroit,
1863. B. S., University of Michigan, 1886.
Douglas Houghton Campbell, Professor of Bot-
History of the Campbell Family 117
any, Stanford University, 1891, was born at De-
troit, Michigan, 1859. Graduated from the Uni-
versity of Michigan, 1882 ; Ph. D., 1886.
Gabriel Campbell was Professor of Philosophy,
Dartmouth University, 1893-1910. He was born
at Dalrymple, Scotland, in 1838.
Donald Francis Campbell, Professor of Mathe-
matics, Armour Institute, Chicago, 1900, was born
at East River, Nova Scotia, in 1867. Ph. D., Har-
vard, 1898.
William Campbell, born at Gateshead, England,
1876; Associate Professor School of Mines, Colum-
bia University and Lecturer on Metallurgy.
Campbells have ever taken a large share in the
religious life of the community in which they were
placed, and in this connection it is of interest to
note that from a Campbell in this country a widely
known religious denomination took its name. The
Rev. Alexander Campbell, the founder of the
"Campbellites," or Disciples of Christ, was born in
County Antrim, Ireland, in 1786; son of the Rev.
Thomas Campbell, who emigrated to America in
1807. Alexander Campbell remained in Scotland
to complete his studies at the University of Glas-
gow, and followed his father to America in 1809.
The "rule of faith,'' which had always disturbed the
adherents to the Presbyterian creed, appears to
have raised doubts in the minds of both father and
son, and in 1810, at Brush Run, Pennsylvania, they
formed an independent society. They objected to
any human creed, regarding the Bible as a suflScient
rule of faith. At first they formed an alliance with
the Baptist denomination, but the independence of
the Campbellites caused annoyance, and they were
118 History of the Campbell Family
separated from the Baptist body in 1827, forming a
sect of their own. Alexander Campbell was the
leader of the sect, which increased in numbers rap-
idly. In 1823 he had commenced the issue of a publi-
cation called "The Christian Baptist," which ran to
seven volumes. This was succeeded in 1830 by the
"Millenial Harbinger," which became the recognized
organ of his church. He founded Bethany College
in 1840, serving as its President until his death, in
1866. He was a prolific writer, and published dur-
ing his lifetime fifty-two volumes. His father died
in 1854.
Even if it were possible, it would be out of place
in a work of this nature to attempt an enumeration
of the great body of Campbells who have, by their
industry, genius and labor, achieved success and
added to the comfort and prosperity of the nation.
Illustrative, however, of the wide field covered by
those bearing the name, mention may be made of
the following :
Andrew Campbell, inventor, was born near Tren-
ton, New Jersey, in 1821. In 1836 he left Trenton
on foot, with no goal in view, and after a time
found employment as a driver on a canal. He again
started journeying westward, and came to Alton,
Illinois. Here he constructed several labor-saving
devices. In 1842 he removed to St. Louis, where he
built an omnibus, called the "Great Western," the
first used in the city, and accommodating forty-
eight passengers. In 1847, Campbell again moved
on, this time to Columbus, Missouri, where his in-
ventive genius produced a machine for making
match and pill boxes, which was very successful.
Finding that attempts were being made to discover
History of the Campbell Family 119
how the machine was constructed, he destroyed it,
and devoted his attention to bridge building. He
next went to New York City, where he invented a
feeder for printing presses, and built an automatic
press, the first of the kind ever made. Also other
presses, among them the first with table distribution
ever constructed in the United States. He con-
tinued perfecting inventions in printing presses,
and to him is due the credit for making the first
press ever built that printed, inserted, pasted,
folded and cut in one continuous operation. Camp-
bell died in New York City in 1890.
Allen Green Campbell was born on a farm in
Missouri in 1834, and earned his first few pennies
selling gingerbread made by his widowed mother.
He joined a party of gold hunters in 1856, and
made his way to what is now Colorado. He mined
in Montana and all States and Territories west of
the Missouri, and traded on a large scale, giving
employment to a great number of men. He was the
chief force in the working of the Great Horn Silver
Mine in Southern Utah.
William H. Campbell, inventor, was born in New
York City, 1846. He entered the Navy, but retired
therefrom in 1872 to become Secretary and General
Manager of the American Duplex Company. He
perfected the present system of railroad duplex
tickets, and took out numerous patents in connec-
tion with the form and printing of railroad tickets.
He died in 1906.
Allan Campbell, railroad president, was born in
Albany, New York, in 1815. For the Chilian Gov-
ernment he built the first railroad ever operated in
the South American continent. On his return to
120 History of the Campbell Family
the United States he became President of the New
York and Harlem Railroad. During the Civil War
he was in charge of the Harbor Defenses of New
York, afterwards being at the head of the engineer-
ing department of the New York and Harlem Rail-
road. For several years he was President of the
Consolidated Coal Company of Maryland.
Richard Orma Campbell was a native of Milledge-
ville, Georgia, born 1860. He was descended from
an old Argyllshire family, one of whom came to this
country at the end of the seventeenth century.
Richard 0. Campbell organized the R. 0. Campbell
Coal Co., of which he was President. Also Presi-
dent of the Campbell Coal Mining Company of Ten-
nessee, and of other companies engaged in coal min-
ing. He died at Atlanta, Georgia, 1912.
The "Campbell System'* of dry farming takes
its name from Hardy Webster Campbell. He was
born at Montgomery Centre, Vermont, in 1850, and
is the author of numerous works on soil culture and
farming.
Alexander Campbell, the Brooklyn milk dealer,
was the first to introduce sanitary glass bottles for
milk. He was an Ulsterman.
Wendell Braxton Campbell, was President of the
American Manufacturers Export Association in
1912.
Dr. Henry Fraser Campbell was born at Savan-
nah, Georgia, in 1824. He attained an international
reputation as a physiologist and gynecologist, and
in the prevention of yellow fever and similar dis-
eases. As previously mentioned, he was engaged
in hospital work during the Civil War. He coUab-
History of the Campbell Family 121
orated on "The Manual of Military Surgery/' pre-
pared for the use of Confederate surgeons, and was
a voluminous writer on scientific and literary sub-
jects.
Henry Huse Campbell, born at West Roxbury,
Massachusetts, 1859, an international iron and
steel expert, investigated the principles of open
hearth process of making steel.
Andrew T. Campbell held the position of Chief
Clerk in the Corporation Counsel's office of New
York City, for the remarkable term of fifty years.
Dr. Matthew Campbell, who was generally known
as the "Railroad Doctor," was probably the pioneer
railroad surgeon of the United States. He was a
native of Pittsburgh, born 1819, and died in 1902.
James W. Campbell, President of the First Na-
tional Bank of Huron and other financial and indus-
trial concerns, was born at Springfield, Illinois, in
1851.
John Alexander Campbell, A. M., Princeton, 1877 ;
President of the Trenton Banking Company and
President of the Trenton Potteries; was born at
Shushan, New York, in 1856.
Frank Campbell, President of the Farmers and
Mechanics Bank of Bath, New York, and Comp-
troller of the State of New York, 1892-1893, was
born at Bath, New York, 1858.
John Alexander Campbell, President of the First
National Bank of New Cumberland, and Judge of
the First Judicial Circuit Court of West Virginia,
was born in Ohio.
It has been truly said, that "books make up no
small part of human happiness." We find several
122 History of the CampbeU Family
American members of the family who have conse-
quently added to what Pope calls ''our being's end
and aim/'
Helen Campbell, author and journalist, was born
at Lockport, New York, in 1839. Her first literary
work was a series of stories for children; then in
rapid succession she published a great number of
works, including "His Grandmothers;" "Six Sin-
ners;" "Unto the Third and Fourth Generation;"
"Darkness and Daylight," "Household Econom-
ics;" "The Housekeeper's Year Book."
John Preston Campbell, born at Boston in 1849,
by profession a lawyer, and author of several nov-
els and plays, among the former, "Merl of Med-
evon;" "My Mate Immortal;" "The Women of
Chalk;" "A Shadow in the Sand;" among the lat-
ter, "The Burwell Grove;" "Crownless Queen;"
"The Kingdom of Quivera ;" also poems.
Daisy Rhodes Campbell wrote "The Fiddling
Girl;" "The Proving of Virginia;" "The Violin
Lady." She was bom at Delaware, Ohio, in 1854.
Alexander Campbell, born 1814, was author of
"The True Greenback." He died in 1898.
Walter Lowrie Campbell, author of "Civitas."
Robert Campbell published "A Pilgrimage to My
Motherland."
Charles Campbell, born 1807, wrote "The History
of the Colony and Ancient Dominion of Virginia;"
also "Some Materials for a Memoir of Burk." He
died in 1876.
Marius Robison Campbell, author of "The Gla-
cier National Park;" "Guide Book of the Western
United States," and joint author of several other
works, was born at Garden Grove, Iowa, 1858.
History of the Campbell Family 123
Douglas Campbell, born 1839, was author of "The
Puritan in Holland, England and America." He
died 1893.
' Henry Colin Campbell, assistant editor of the
Milwaukee Journal, was bom at Wild Rose, Wau-
shara County, Wisconsin. Author of "Wisconsin in
Three Centuries.*'
I Reau Campbell wrote a "Guide to Mexico," and
other works on travel.
I Loomis J. Campbell joint author of many educa-
tional works, including "A Pronouncing Handbook"
and "A Handy Dictionary."
John Ten Brook Campbell, bom Montezuma, In-
diana, in 1833, was the author of many articles and
pamphlets on finance, archaeology, meteorology and
natural history. By profession a civil engineer, and
I a descendant in the fourth generation of John Camp-
bell^ who is mentioned in the preceding chapter as
a Captain of Minute Men in the Revolutionary War.
George Campbell, lawyer and author of "The
Life and Death of Worlds;" "Island Home;" "The
Greater United States of America;" and other
works, was bom in Yates County, New York. After
being admitted to the bar, practiced law at Oswego,
Kansas.
William Campbell published numerous works on
metals, including "The Metallography of Copper;"
"Lead; Tin; Antimony;" and "Notes on Metal-
lography."
Rev. James M. Campbell, Congregational clergy-
man, was born in Scotland, 1840, and came to the
United States in 1874. Author "Clerical Types;"
"Unto the Uttermost;" "The Presence;" "The Place
of Prayer in the Christian Religion.
9f
124 History of the CampbeU Family
Dr. James Alexander Campbell, author of a large
number of papers on scientific topics and relative
to his specialty as oculist and aurist, was born at
Platteville, Wisconsin, in 1847. He published
"Helps to Hear."
Prominent in the sister arts of Music and the
Drama are:
John Bradford Campbell, composer of many
songs, ballads and anthems, was born at Blooming-
ton, Indiana, in 1856.
Le Roy B. Campbell, composed for piano, "Baba
Yaga," "Scottish Romance," "Boat Song" and sev-
eral anthems. Born Jasper, New York, 1873.
Charles D. Campbell, head of the Music Depart-
ment, Indiana University, was born at Anderson,
Indiana, 1877.
William W. Campbell, born 1871, Director of
Music, Nebraska Institute for the Blind ; Director of
Music, Baird College, Clinton, Missouri.
Bartley Campbell, dramatist, was a native of Al-
legheny City, Pennsylvania. Born in 1843, he com-
menced writing plays in 1871, his first play being
"Through Fire." Among his many other produc-
tions were "Peril;" "The Big Bonanza;" "Clio;"
"How Women Love ;" "My Partner ;" "Matrimony,"
and "Pacquita."
Craig Campbell, actor and singer, born London,
Canada, 1884, was tenor soloist for six years at the
Church of the Transfiguration, New York City.
Has played leading roles in many American produc-
tions, including "The Love Cure ;" "The Red Rose,"
and latterly "On the Hiring Line."
Colin Campbell, "Little Alf," in the "Better *01e,"
is a native of Falkirk, Scotland, and played in mu-
History of the Campbell Family 125
sical comedy, "The Cherry Girl;" "The Orchid,"
and others. He came to the United States in 1912,
and has appeared in "Peg o' My Heart;" "Out
There," and "The Madonna of the Future."
John Patrick Campbell took a prominent part in
the recent dramatic movement in Ireland, and came
to this country in 1912, where he has directed and
produced pageants and plays. He was born in Bel-
fast, 1883.
It is interesting to note that the first to earn the
title, "Ace," in the American Flying Corps, is a
member of the Campbell family. Lieutenant Doug-
las Campbell was one of the first two American Air-
men to down an enemy plane.
CHAPTER VIII
SIAMPBELL is now the surname of five
a families in the Peerage of Great Britain
and Ireland, namely, those of the Duke
„ of Arj^ll, the Marquess of Breadalbane,
Earl Cawdor, Baron Blythswood and Baron Strath-
eden and Campbell ; the four first named taking de-
scent, as already told, from cadets of the main line
of Campbell of Lochow. The Earldom of Loudoun
was long in the family of Campbell of Loudoun,
which family ended in a daughter, Flora, heiress
of the fifth Earl of Loudoun, who married Francis,
first Marquess of Hastings, their descendant,
Charles Edward Hastings Abney-Hastings being
the present Earl of Loudoun.
The present Duke of Argyll is Niall Diarmid
Campbell, tenth Duke, who is also Earl of Argyll,
Marquess of Kintyre and Lome, Earl of Campbell
and Cowal, Viscount Lochow and Glenilla, Baron
Campbell, Lord Lome, Lord Inverary, Mull, Mor-
vem and Tiry, Baron Sunbridge and Baron Hamil-
ton. He was born 16th February, 1872, and in
1914 succeeded his uncle, the ninth Duke, who in
1871 married Her Royal Highness the Princesa
Louise, fourth daughter of the late Queen Victoria,
but died without issue. The Duke of Argyll is also
Hereditary Master of His Majesty's Household in
Scotland, Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland,
Keeper of Dunoon, Carrick and Dunstaffnage Cas-
tles, Admiral of the Western Isles, and Vice-Lieu-
History of the CampheU Family 127
tenant for Argyll. The principal seat of the ducal
family is Inverary Castle. The heir presumptive to
the title is the present Duke's cousin, Douglas Wal-
ter Campbell, only son of the late Lord Walter
Campbell, third son of the eighth Duke.
The present head of the Breadalbane family is
Gavin Campbell, first Marquess, who succeeded in
1871 as seventh Earl of Breadalbane, and was cre-
ated Marquess in 1885. Born 1851, he is a Knight
of the Garter and member of the Privy Council.
He is also Earl of Ormelie, Earl of Breadalbane and
Holland, Viscount of Tay and Paintland, Baron
Breadalbane, and Lord Glenurchy, Benederaloch,
Ormelie and Weick. Also Lieutenant-General of
the Royal Company of Archers, the King's Body-
guard in Scotland, and has been Lord Keeper of
the Privy Seal of Scotland since 1907. The prin-
cipal seats of the Marquess of Breadalbane are Tay-
mouth Castle, Perthshire, and Craig, Argyllshire.
The heir presumptive to the Earldom is his nephew,
Iain Edward Herbert Campbell, born 1885.
The fifth, and present Earl Cawdor, John Dun-
can Vaughan Campbell, was born in 1900, and suc-
ceeded to the title in 1914. His other titles are Vis-
count Emlyn and Baron Cawdor. Principal seats
are Cawdor Castle, Nairn; Stackpole Court, Pem-
broke; Frensham Hall, Haslemere, and Golden
Grove, Carmarthen.
The present Baron Bl3rthswood, Archibald Doug-
las Campbell, fourth Baron, born 1870, succeeded
his father in 1918. He is Major in the Scots Guards.
The family seat is Blythswood House, Renfrew. His
brother, Barrington Sholto Douglas Campbell, is
the heir presumptive.
\
128 History of the Campbell Family
The Barony of Stratheden and Campbell is also
held by a Campbell. The first Baron Campbell was
Lord Chancellor Campbell, who was born 17th Sep-
tember, 1779, the son of a clergyman, for fifty years
parish minister of Cupar, Fife. Jdhn Campbell
entered as student at Lincolns Inn in 1800, and was
called to the English bar in 1806, but it was not
until 1827 that he "took silk" as a King's Counsel.
He first became a Member of Parliament in 18^0,
in which year he was elected for Stafford, became
Solicitor General in 1832, and was knighted. Ap-
pointed Attorney General in 1834, he was elected
Member of Parliament for Edinburgh, for which
he sat until 1841. While Attorney General, Sir
John Campbell conducted the celebrated prosecu-
tion of John Frost, one of the Chartist leaders, who
was found guilty of high treason; and he was also
engaged in the case which arose out of the duel be-
tween the Earl of Cardigan and Captain Harvey
Tuckett. In 1841, Campbell was for a short time
Chancellor of Ireland, and was raised to the Peer-
age as Baron Campbell of St. Andrew's. In 1850,
he was appointed Chief Justice of the Queen's
Bench, was elevated to the woolsack as Lord Chan-
cellor of Great Britain in 1859, aild died in 1861.
Lord Campbell's most notable literary productions
are the seven-volume work, "The Lives of the Lord
Chancellors," and "Lives of the Chief Justices of
England." His wife, whom he married in 1821, the
eldest daughter of the first Baron Abinger, was in
1836, created Baroness Stratheden in her own right.
The first Baron Campbell was succeeded by his eld-
est son, William Frederick Campbell, second Baron,
who in 1860 had succeeded his mother as second
History of the Campbell Family 129
Baron Stratheden. He was succeeded, in 1893, by
his brother Hallyburton George Campbell, third
Baron Stratheden and Campbell, who was born in
1829, whose son, the Hon. John Beresford Campbell,
Coldstream Guards, was killed in action, 1915, leav-
ing a son, Alastair Campbell, born 1899, the next
in line of succession.
The Scottish Judicial Title, Lord Skerrington (of
Session) was assumed by William Campbell on ap-
pointment as one of the Senators of the College of
Justice in Scotland, 1908. He was born in 1855,
son of the late Robert Campbell of Skerrington,
Ayrshire, became Queen's Counsel in 1898, and was
Dean of the Faculty of Advocates, 1905-1908.
Many of the ancient branches of the clan are
now extinct, and new families bearing the name
have arisen. Following are some of the present
representatives of the extant older branches.
The ancient branch of Barcaldine is now repre-
sented by Sir Duncan Alexander Dundas Campbell,
third Baronet of Barcaldine and Glenure, who was
born in 1856, and succeeded his father in 1880. He
is Hereditary Keeper of Barcaldine Castle, Superior
of Rannagulzion, Galray and Wester Denhead, Hil-
lock and TuUif ergus, Perthshire ; and of Achachros-
san, Argyll. Also Secretary to the Order of the
Thistle and member of the Royal Company of
Archers. The ancestral seat of the family is the
Black Castle of Barcaldine, Ledaig, Argyll. The
baronetcy was created in 1831.
The present head of the Auchinbreck branch is
Sir Charles Ralph Campbell, eleventh Baronet of
Auchinbreck, born 1830. He was educated at Edin-
burgh and resides at Cheviot Hills, New Zealand.
130 History of the Campbell Family
His son and heir, Charles Ralph Campbell, is a
Captain in the 2nd Life Guards. The baronetcy was
created in 1628.
The Campbells of Succoth are now represented
by Sir Archibald Spencer Lindsey Campbell, fifth
Baronet, who was bom in 1852, and succeeded his
cousin in 1874. The title was created in 1808, and
the family seats are, Garscube, Glasgow, and Crarae
Lodge, Loch Fyne.
Sir John Bruce Stuart Campbell, second Baronet
of Ardnamurchan, was born in 1877, and succeeded
his father in 1915. The title was created in 1913,
with precedence of 1804.
The head of the family of Aberuchill is now Sir
Alexander Coldstream Campbell, seventh Baronet,
who was born 1877, and succeeded his father.
Colonel Sir Alexander Campbell, in 1914. Family
seats are Aberuchill, and Kilbryde Castle, Perth-
shire. The baronetcy dates from 1668.
The ancient branch of DunstafFnage is now rep-
resented by Angus John Campbell, born 1888. He
is the twentieth Hereditary Captain and twenty-
fourth Hereditary Keeper of Dunstaffnage ; Heredi-
tary Warden and Marenycht of Lorn and Lord of
the Barony of Connel. Dunstaffnage Castle is the
family seat.
The head of the family of Campbell of Lochnell
is John Lochnell Campbell, fourteenth Laird of
Lochnell, born 1879. The principal seat of the fam-
ily is Lochnell Castle. Other residences are Bonaw
House, and Airds Bay House.
Colin Campbell, head of the Campbells of Jura,
was born 1851. Principal seat. Jura: House, Argyll.
The present representative of the branch of In-
History of the Campbell Family 181
vetneill, and formerly of Ross, is Colonel Duncan
Campbell, of Inverneill, Argyll, born 1842.
The Campbells of Stonefield are now represented
by Colin George Pelham Campbell, of Stonefield,
Tarbert, Loch Fyne, born 1872.
Duncan Campbell is the head of the branch of
Ross. He was born in 1880, and the family seat is
Taynish, Argyll.
James Archibald Campbell is now the representa-
tive of the branches of Achanduin and Barbreck.
He was born in 1854. Family seat, Barbreck House,
Loch-gilp-head, Argyll.
Lieut.-Colonel John Campbell of Kilberry, Argyll,
born in 1872, is the head of the Campbells of Kil-
berry.
Branchifig from the ancient family of Campbell
of Inverawe, the Campbells of South Hall are now
represented by Colonel Edward Parker of South
Hall, Colintraive, Argyll, who was born in 1851.
Vice-Admiral Henry Hervey Campbell, C.V.O.;
C.B. ; of Ardpatrick, Argyll, born 1865, commanded
H. M. S. "Terrible," escort to the present King and
Queen on their visit to India in 1905. Appointed
Naval Aide-de-Camp to King George V. He was
first Governor to the Prince of Wales, 1911, and
appointed Groom in Waiting to King George V in
1917-
Alastair Magnus Campbell of Auchendarroch,
Argyll, was born in 1868.
Major Arthur Maxwell Mitchell Campbell of
Auchmannoch, Ayrshire, was bom in 1874.
The family of Maclver-Campbell of Ballochyle is
now represented by Maclver Forbes Morison Mac-
lver-Campbell, born 1867. The principal family
132 History of the Campbell Family
seats are Ballochyle, Argyll, and Morison House,
Dumfriesshire.
The ancient family of Maclver-Campbell of
Asknish ended in the daughter and heiress of James
Duff Maclver-Campbell. This daughter, Margaret
Agnes, succeeded to Asknish in 1883, and was mar-
ried to Colonel Aylmer Vivian, who assumed the
name of Maclver-Campbell, by royal license. Their
grandson, Aylmer Maclver-Campbell, is now head of
the family.
The Ormidale branch of the Campbell family also
ended in a daughter, Catherine Helen Campbell,
from whom Lieut.-Colonel Hardin Burnley-Camp-
bell, the present representative of the family, is de-
scended.
Sir John Home Purves-Hume-Campbell, eighth
Baronet of Purves Hall, Berwickshire, was born
1879, and succeeded his cousin Sir Hugh Hume-
Campbell in 1894. The baronetcy dates from 1665.
Other Baronets of later creation are :
Sir Guy Theophilus Campbell, third Baronet, of
Thames Ditton, Surrey, was born in 1854 and sue-
ceeded his father in 1882. The title was created in
1815.
Sir Alexander Thomas Cockburn-Campbell, fifth
Baronet, of Gartsford, Ross-shire, was born 1872
and succeeded his father in 1892. He resides at
Wyndham, West Australia. Title created 1821.
Sir William Andrews Ava Campbell, fifth Bar-
onet, of New Brunswick, born 1830, succeeded his
brother, who was killed in action in 1916. Title
created 1831.
The Rt. Hon. Sir James Henry Mussen Campbell,
first Baronet, of denary, Co. Antrim, was born at
History of the Campbell Family 133
Terenure, Co. Dublin, 1851 and created Baronet,
1916. He was appointed Solicitor General for Ire-
land 1901; Attorney General for Ireland 1905 and
1916 ; and Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, 1916.
Many of the name of Campbell are members of
the orders of knighthood.
Lieut.-General Sir William Pitcairn Campbell,
K. C. B., 1915. Served with the Camel Corps in the
Soudan, 1884-1885; South African War; and G. O.
C. Southern Command.
Lieut.-General Sir Frederick Campbell, K. C. B.,
1916 ; D. S. O. ; Peshawar, India.
General Sir William Campbell, K. C. B., 1911;
was Aide-de-Camp to Queen Victoria and King
Edward VII.
Sir Walter Douglas Somerset Campbell, K. C.
V. 0., 1910; son of Campbell of Islay; Groom in
Waiting to Queen Victoria and King Edward VII;
Deputy Ranger, Windsor Park until 1916.
Major Sir Maurice Alexander Campbell, K. C.
M. G., 1914 ; Senior Crown Agent for the Colonies.
Colonel Sir Robert Neil Campbell, K. C. M. G.;
C. B. ; D. S. O. ; Indian Medical Service.
Major-General Sir Walter Campbell, K. C. M. G. ;
Brigade Major Highland Brigade.
Sir John Stratheden Campbell, K. C. S. I., 1918 ;
C. I. E.; Indian Civil Service; Commissioner of
Kumaon.
Sir James Campbell, Kt., L. L. D.; of Garrows,
Dunkeld. Knighted 1918; Chairman of the North
of Scotland College of Agriculture.
Hon. Sir Marshall Campbell, Kt., of Muckle Neuk,
Berea, Durban, Natal. Knighted 1916.
"What! another of the Clan!"— the Duke of
134 History of the Campbell Family
York's exclamation on the future Sir Colin Camp-
bell's introduction as a candidate for an army com-
mission, was certainly suited to the occasion, when
we consider the truly remarkable number of Camp-
bells who were distinguished Generals of the British
Army, in the wars of the nineteenth century.
The most famous of these Generals, Sir Colin
Campbell, Baron Clyde, Field Marshal, was the
eldest son of a carpenter, named Macliver, in Glas-
gow, and Agnes Campbell of the family of the
Campbells of Islay. He was born on the 20th Octo-
ber, 1792, and educated at the expense of his uncle.
Colonel John Campbell, who introduced him to the
Duke of York as a candidate for a commission in
the army. It was then that the Commander in Chief
exclaimed, "What! another of the Clan!" and the
candidate was entered as Campbell, the uncle telling
his nephew that, "Campbell is a good name to fight
under." In 1808, he was commissioned as Ensign,
and sailed with the expedition under Sir Arthur
Wellesley. He fought in the Peninsula, 1810-1813,
for his gallant conduct being recommended for pro-
motion, and gazetted Captain. He then served in
Nova Scotia, at Gibraltar, and in the West Indies.
In 1841, he was ordered to China, receiving promo-
tion to Colonel on the conclusion of peace. In 1844,
he was made Brigadier-General and reached Cal-
cutta, on 24th October, 1846, at the head of his
regiment. His services in India, at this time, were
recognized by his being made a K. C. B. in 1849.
Sir Colin commanded the Highland Brigade at the
Battle of Alma, 1854, and the first division in the
Crimea, 1854-1855. As Commandant at Balaklava,
he directed the famous repulse of the Russian in-
History of the Campbell Family 135
fantry column by the 93rd Highlanders. On 11th
July, 1857, the news of the mutiny in India arrived
in England, and Lord Palmerston offered Sir Colin
the command in chief. He arrived in Calcutta in
August, assumed command of the army and finally
suppressed the Indian Mutiny and saved the British
Empire in India. Sir Colin's Relief of Lucknow was
a memorable incident of the Mutiny; and the mo-
ment when the Highland lassie, amid the hard
pressed watchers of the beleaguered city, heard the
first far distant sound of the war pipes of Sir Colin
and his Highlanders, has been immortalized in song
and story.
"The Hielanders ! ! dinna ye hear
The slogan far awa?"
4i 4* 4* 4* 4*
"Then Jessie said 'The slogan's dune
But can ye no hear them noo ?
The Campbells are coming ! It's nae a dream
Our succors hae broken through.' "
Rewards were showered upon him. He was pro-
moted General and made Colonel of his beloved 93rd
Highlanders. He was made Knight of the Star of
India (K. S. I.) on the foundation of the order, and
on 3rd July, 1858 was elevated to the peerage as
Lord Clyde of Clydesdale. The East India Company
voted him a pension of £2,000 a year. He was made
a Field Marshal in 1862. His last days solaced by
the love of the whole nation, the great soldier of
fortune died on the 14th August, 1863. He was
buried in Westminster Abbey.
Others of the noted Generals who brought fame
and distinction to the name of Campbell in the an-
nals of the wars of this period were:
136 History of the Campbell Family
General Sir Archibald Campbell and his son,
Major-Greneral Sir John Campbell. Sir Archibald
was bom in 1769, and after a brilliant military
career in India and Burma was created a Baronet
in 1831. In recognition of his services in the action
against Ava, the capital of Burma, he was granted
special arms and the motto "Ava," by royal license.
He died in 1843.
His son, Sir John, born 1807, served as aide-de-
camp to his father in the first Burmese War. He
was Brigadier General at the Battles of Alma and
Inkerman, and was promoted Major General. Hear-
ing of the intended assault on the Great Redan, he
volunteered to lead the detachments of the 4th
Division to the attack, and, on 18th June, 1855, was
killed, displaying "a courage almost amounting to
rashness," when he rushed out of the trenches and
fell at once in the act of cheering on his men.
Another father and son were, Lieut-General
Colin Campbell and his son, Major-General Sir Guy
Campbell. Colin Campbell was born in 1754, second
son of John Campbell of the Citadel, Deputy Keeper
of the Great Seal of Scotland. He served in the
American War of Independence, and in the West
Indies, during the war with France. Later, he was
in command in Ireland, and Lieut.-Governor of
Gibraltar at the most critical period of the Peninsu-
lar War. He was made Lieut.-General in 1811 and
died at Gibraltar, 1814.
His son, Major-General Sir Guy Campbell, born
1786, was created a Baronet in recognition of the
important military services rendered by his father.
Sir Guy served in the Peninsular War and was made
Major General in 1841. He died in 1849.
History of the Campbell Family 137
Lieut.-General Sir James Campbell, eldest son of
Campbell of Inverneill, was born in 1737, served
in India, the Channel Islands, Ireland and the
Mediterranean. Was Governor and Commander in
Chief of the Ionian Islands, and was created a
Baronet in 1818. Died 1819, and was buried in
Westminster Abbey.
Major-General Sir James Campbell, born 1773,
was Captain of the 42nd Highlanders, or Black
Watch, 1794. He was engaged in the capture of
Minorca and served in India under Sir Arthur
Wellesley. He commanded a brigade in the Penin-
sular War, taking part in the storming of Ciudad
Rodrigo and of Badajoz. At the Battle of Vittoria
he was severely wounded. Was made K. C. B. in
1822, and died in Paris in 1835.
Major-General Sir John Campbell, born 1780,
served first in the Hussars in Spain and later in the
Portuguese Army. He was knighted in 1815 and
died in 1863.
Major-General Sir Niel Campbell of Duntroon,
born 1776, was, at the time, believed to have con-
nived at Napoleon's escape from Elba. He served
through the Peninsular War and with the Russian
Army in Poland. Campbell was knighted in 1815,
and selected to be the British Commissioner to ac-
company Napoleon to Elba. While Campbell was
on a visit to Italy, 17th to 28th February, 1815,
Napoleon effected his escape. Many people believed
Campbell was bribed, but the British Government
at once declared his behavior had been quite satis-
factory. He served at the Battle of Waterloo. In
1825 he was promoted Major General and Governor
of Sierra Leone, where he died in 1827.
138 History of the Campbell Family
Greneral Sir Colin Campbell, son of John Camp-
bell of Melford, saw service in India and accom-
panied Sir Arthur Wellesley through most of his
campaigns. He took part in the storming of Badajoz
and in nine general engagements. He was made a
K. C. B. and a Knight of the Tower and Sword of
Portugal. In 1815, he was attached to the staff
of the Duke of Wellington and was present at the
Battle of Waterloo. Later he was Lieut.-Governor
of Tobago, of Nova Scotia, and Governor of Ceylon.
Died 1847.
In the more peaceful walks of life, in the old coun-
try, we also find many notable members of the
family.
John Campbell, born in Edinburgh 1766, was one
of the founders of the Scottish Religious Tract Soci-
ety. He was a classfellow of Sir Walter Scott at
the High School of Edinburgh, and published many
works giving accounts of his African and other
missionary travels. Died 1840.
Rev. Colin Campbell, M. A. ; B.D. ; D.D. ; Minister
of the parish of Dundee, and past Grand Chaplain
of the Grand Lodge of Freemasons, Scotland, was
born at Campbelltown, Argyllshire, 1848. He offi-
ciated before the late Queen Victoria at Balmoral
Castle and Crathie Parish Church, almost every
year from 1883 to 1900. Also author of "Sen-nofer's
Tomb at Thebes"; "Two Theban Queens"; "The
Miraculous Birth of King Amon-hotep III"; and
other Egyptian studies, and many theological works.
Rev. Joseph William Robert Campbell, M. A.,
President of the Methodist College, Belfast, was
born at Clough, Newtownbutler, County Fer-
managh, 1853. Appointed Commissioner of Educa-
History of the Campbell Family 139
tion in Ireland and Dean of Residences, Queen's
University, Belfast.
Rev. Reginald John Campbell was born in Lon-
don, 1867, of Scottish Ulster descent. After taking
his degree at Christ Church, Oxford, he entered the
Congregational ministry in 1895, and from 1903 to
1915 was minister of the City Temple, London.
In 1916 he was ordained in the Church of England,
and became attached to the staff of Birmingham
Cathedral. He was appointed Vicar of Christ
Church, Westminster, 1917. He is the author of a
great number of publications, including, "The Re-
stored Innocence"; "The Keys of the Kingdom'';
"The Song of Ages" ; "The Ladder of Christ" ; "The
War and the Soul" ; "Words of Comfort" ; and many
articles and sermons.
The poet, Thomas Campbell, at the age of sixty-
one truly described the quality of his own genius, —
"I believe when I am gone, justice will be done me
in this way — ^that I was a pure writer." He was
born in Glasgow in 1777, and educated at Glasgow
University. For a time he was a tutor in Mull and
Argyllshire. He had written ballads and poems
during his university days, and in 1799 he published
"The Pleasures of Hope," which was received with
extraordinary favor. It was followed in 1880, by
the stirring naval ode, "Ye Mariners of England."
No lines are better known among English readers
then the opening verse,
"Ye Mariners of England!
That guard our native seas ;
Whose flag has braved, a thousand years.
The battle and the breeze !"
it
it
140 History of the Campbell Family
In 1880 and 1881, he travelled in Germany and
Denmark, one result of his travels being the well
known poem, "Hohenlinden." Among his best
known poems are, "Lord Ullin's Daughter";
"Lochiel's Warning"; "Battle of the Baltic";
Glenara"; "Exile of Erin"; "Theodoric"; and
Gertrude of Wyoming." His last poem, "The Pil-
grim of Glencoe," appeared in 1842. He was Rector
of Glasgow University from 1826 until 1829. He
died on 15th June, 1844, and was buried in West-
minster Abbey.
Alexander Campbell, born 1764, was author of
"An Introduction to the History of Poetry in Scot-
land ; "A Journey from Edinburgh."
Harriette Campbell, novelist, was born at Stir-
ling in 1817. Her first published work was, "Leg-
ends of the Lochs and Glens." Her first novel, "The
Only Daughter," was published in 1839, and other
novels included, "The Cardinal Virtues," and "Kath-
erine Randolph."
John Francis Campbell of Islay was born in 1822,
and educated at Eton and Edinburgh. His best
known works were, "Popular Tales of the West
Highlands," and a series of Gaelic texts under the
title, "Leabhair na Fenine." Also publications on
natural science.
Joseph Campbell, born 1879, wrote, "Irishry";
"The Gilly of Christ" ; "Judgment" ; and "The Rush-
light."
Frances Campbell, novelist, author of "Love the
Atonement"; "Two Queenslanders" ; "A Pillar of
Dust" ; "Dear Love," and other novels.
R. W. Campbell, author of "The Kangaroo
Marines" ; "The Making of Micky McGhee."
History of the Campbell Family 141
Lewis Campbell, born at Edinburgh, 1830, was
Professor of Greek at St. Andrew's University, and
produced editions of Sophocles, Plato, and many
translations. He collaborated on the "Life of
Jowett." In 1904, he edited a collection of Thomas
Campbell's poems.
John A. Campbell wrote, "The Royal Families of
Scotland."
Rev. John Gregorson Campbell, author of "Super-
stitions of the Highlands"; "Waifs and Strays of
Celtic Tradition" ; "Witchcraft and Second Sight."
Douglas Houghton Campbell published "The
Structure and Development of Mosses and Ferns."
Lady Archibald Campbell, wife of the second
son of the eighth Duke of Argyll, is the originator
of pastoral plays in Europe. In these plays she
has appeared in many parts, among others, Orlando,
Fair Rosamond and Oberon. She is the author, and
managed, "Tam Lin," the Scottish ballad play pro-
duced in Edinburgh. Also dramatized "Cap and
Bells," and is author of, "Rainbow Music," and
many articles on the drama and West Highland lore.
Mrs. Patrick Campbell, English actress, was born
in London in 1865, and in 1884 married Captain
Patrick Campbell, who was killed in the Boer War,
1900. She first became prominent at the Adelphi
Theatre, London, in 1892, and next year appeared
in the sensation, "Second Mrs. Tanqueray." For
many years she occupied a position in the first rank
of English actresses, appearing with Forbes Robert-
son in Macbeth; also in "The Notorious Mrs. Ebb-
smith" and "Magda." She has paid successful visits
to America.
Thomas Campbell, sculptor, was born in Edin-
142 History of the Campbell Family
burgh in 1790. One of his first works was a seated
statue of the Princess Pauline Borghese, now at
Chatsworth. He exhibited various works at the
Royal Academy. Others of his productions include,
monument to the Duchess of Buccleuch, and a statue
of Queen Victoria at Windsor.
Miss Dorothy Campbell was British Woman Golf
Champion in 1909 and 1911. The first time the
«
American Women's National Championship left
America was on her victory in 1909.
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, English Prime
Minister, was born in 1836, the second son of Sir
James Campbell, Lord Provost of Glasgow. He
assumed the name of Bannerman in 1872, in com-
pliance with the will of his uncle, Henry Bannerman.
The Campbells, like so many of the old Scottish
families, have ever taken a notable part in the
building of the British Empire. Mention has been
made of those of the name who assisted in the bril-
liant military achievement of the imperial forces;
and to these should be added the names of other
Campbells, who, in various walks of life, have
brought distinction to the name in every quarter of
the globe.
John Douglas Sutherland Campbell, P. C, K. T.,
G. C. M. G., G. C. V. O., ninth Duke of Argyll, was
Governor General of Canada from 1878 to 1883.
The Duke can also be properly included among
Canadian poets. Among his poetical works are, a
Canadian "National Hymn"; "Qu'Appelle Valley";
"Alberta"; and "Quebec."
Sir W. Campbell, Chief Justice of Upper Canada,
originally served in the army, and fought in the
American Revolutionary War. After the peace of
History of the Campbell Family 143
1783, he resided in Nova Scotia, and was called to
the Bar. Subsequently he went to Cape Breton,
where he was appointed Attorney General and was
a member of the Assembly. In 1811, he was ap-
pointed Judge in Upper Canada, and, in 1825, was
elevated to the Chief Justiceship, which he held
until 1829, when he retired and received the honor
of knighthood.
Robert Campbell occupied a prominent place
among the explorers of the Hudson's Bay Company,
in 1852 and 1853.
Sir Alexander Campbell, born 1821, was one of
the Fathers of Confederation and a Delegate to the
Quebec Conference, October, 1864. He also served
as Commissioner of Crown Lands. Died 1892.
Robert Peel William Campbell, M. A., LL. B.,
D. C. L., K. C, born St. Hilaire, Quebec, 1853, was
appointed Chancellor of the Diocese of Quebec. Be-
came Clerk of the Legislature of. the Province of
Quebec in 1909.
Hon. Colin H. Campbell, lawyer and statesman,
was born at Burlington, Ontario, in 1859. He became
K. C. in 1893, and is author of much varied and
important legislation. His grandfather came from
Argyllshire in 1807.
Hon.Archibald Campbell, born Ridgetown, County
Kent, Ontario, 1846. Was president of Campbell
Milling Company ; elected Member of the Dominion
House for Kent, 1887-1888, 1891-1896; for West
York, 1901 and 1904. Called to the Senate, 1907,
and became Chairman of the Banking and Com-
merce Committee of the House of Commons. Also
of the Railway Committee.
144 History of the Campbell Family
Isaac Campbell, K. C, lawyer and statesman, was
born at Morpeth, Ontario, 1853.
Archibald William Campbell, Deputy Minister of
Railways and Canals, was born at Wardsville,
Ontario, in 1863. Good Roads Commissioner, On*-
tario, 1896 and Deputy Minister of Public Works,
Ontario, 1900. Popularly known as "Good Roads
Campbell."
R. H. Campbell was appointed Director of For-
estry, Ottawa, 1917.
Dr. George W. Campbell, born 1810, was of an
old Argyllshire family. He graduated at Glasgow
University in 1832, and came to Canada the same
year, being, in 1833, appointed to the chair of
surgery, and lecturer on obstetrics, at McGill Uni-
versity. He was elected Dean in 1862, and held that
post until his death in 1882.
Dr. Francis Wayland Campbell, of Montreal, was
born in 1837, and graduated at McGill University
in 1860. He was first Registrar of the Medical
Faculty of Bishop's College in 1871. In 1883, he
was elected Dean and Professor, For ten years he
was Secretary of the College of Physicians and
Surgeons of Quebec. During the long period of
forty-three years he was connected with the Militia
of Canada, and rose to the rank of Surgeon Lieuten-
ant-Colonel. He died in 1905.
Percy Gerald Cadogan Campbell, M. A., Professor
of Romance Languages, Queen's University, was
born in 1878. B. A. Oxford (Balliol Coll.), 1902.
Alexander Charles Campbell, B. A., Principal of
St. John's Technical High School, Winnipeg, 1910,
was born at Dominionville, Ontario, 1875.
Professor John Campbell contributed many valu-
History of the Campbell Family 145
able historical and archaeological papers to the
Canadian Institute.
Rev. George M. Campbell, a descendant of the
Campbells of Inverary, born Wallace, N. S., in 1853,
filled many important pastorates in the Methodist
Church.
Rev. John Campbell was born in Argyllshire in
1845, related to the family of Sir Colin Campbell,
Lord Clyde. He came to Canada in 1851. He was
Moderator of the Synod of British Columbia.
Author of many magazine articles.
Rev. Robert Campbell, D. D., was Moderator of
the Presbyterian Church in Canada, and for up-
wards of fifty years one of the foremost members
of that Church.
Thomas W. Campbell, born at Three Rivers,
Quebec, in 1851, was first ordained to the ministry
of the Methodist Church in 1879. He afterwards
became a Reformed Episcopal clergyman, and was
elected Bishop of that Church in Canada in 1891,
and presiding Bishop in 1894. He united with the
Presbyterian Church in 1898.
P. Campbell, formerly an officer in the 42nd High-
landers, published an account of his travels in the
interior of North America in 1791 and 1792.
One of the best known of Canadian poets, William
Wilfred Campbell, was born at Berlin, Canada, in
1861. He studied for the Church of England, but
retired from the Church and entered the Civil Ser-
vice. Among the most notable of his many lyric
and dramatic publications are, "Lake Lyrics" ; "The
Dread Voyage"; "Beyond the Hills of Dream";
"Snowflakes and Sunbeams" ; "Empire of the Sea'
"Coronation Ode" ; "War Lyrics.'
piXC UJL tllC oca"
99
146 History of the Campbell Family
Duncan Campbell, author of "History of Nova
Scotia" ; "History of Prince Edward Island."
Robert Henry Campbell, author of "Manitoba";
"Forest Fires"; "The Relation of Forestry to the
Development of the Country."
Rev. Robert Campbell published a "History of
the Scotch Presbyterian Church, St. Gabriel St.,
Montreal."
Francis Wayland Campbell, author of "The War
of 1812."
Major-General Alexander H. E. Campbell, born
at Madras, India, 1835, after service in India, re-
tired in 1886, and became Judge of the Nizam of
Hyderabad's Court from that date until 1896.
Sir James MacNab Campbell, K. C. I. E., 1897,
Indian official and compiler of the "Bombay Gaz-
etteer," was born at Patrick, Scotland, in 1846. He
died in 1903.
Richard Hamilton Campbell, C. I. E., Indian Civil
Service, of the family of Campbell of Barcaldine,
was Private Secretary to the Governor of Madras,
1891-1892 ; and District Magistrate, 1896-1909. Pri-
vate Secretary to the Maharajah of Mysore, 1909-
1913.
John Gordon Drummond Campbell, of Craignish,
was born in 1864. Educated at Charterhouse and
Corpus Christi Coll., Oxford, he was called to the
Bar at Lincolns Inn, 1890. He was Education
Adviser to the King of Siam, 1899-1901. Author
of "Siam in the Twentieth Century," and contribu-
tor to the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Archibald Young Gipps Campbell was born in
1872, and educated at Westminster and Trinity Coll.,
Cambridge. Entered the Indian Civil Service, 1895,
History of the Campbell Family 147
and was Private Secretary to the Governor of
Madras, 1906-1912. Collector 1912-1913 ; President,
Corporation of Madras, 1913; and member of
Weights and Measures Committee, India, 1913-1914.
James Argyll Campbell, M. D., Professor of Phy-
siology, Government School of Medicine, Singapore,
was born at Brisbane, Australia, 1884.
Henry Cooke Campbell, I. S. O., 1908, was Presid-
ing Judge of the Native High Court, Natal.
Right Rev. Archibald Ean Campbell, was Bishop
of Glasgow and Galloway, and was translated to
Mashonaland in 1907.
Alexander Malcolm Campbell, I. S. O., 1914, has
been Government Secretary at Papua, New Guinea,
since 1908.
W. Telfer Campbell was appointed Colonial Secre-
tary, Gambia, in 1912.
The "Mystery V. C.,*' gained early in February,
1917, no mention being made of the deed by which
it was earned, is of special interest to those of the
clan, for it was gained by Captain Gordon Campbell,
a young New Zealander, in command of a mystery
ship in the North Sea.
CHAPTER IX
GREAT Scotsman, Thomas Carlyle,
has said, "By symbols man is guided
and commanded, made happy, made
wretched," and the emblems used by our
fathers in days gone by are well worthy of being
remembered. More than seventy Armorial Bear-
ings are recorded in the Lyon Register of Arms, as
having been granted or confirmed to members of
the family of Campbell. These arms are, in every
case, those of the heads of the branch of the family,
a Scottish Clan, as such, having no distinctive
Armorial Bearings. All arms for the name of
Campbell are gyronny of eight, that is the shield is
divided into eight gyrons, formed by lines drawn
from the sides and meeting in the fesse, the centre.
The crest of the Boar's Head, carried in the arms
of Argyll, arose from a hardy achievement of the
ancestor, Diarmid o' Duibhne. The circumstance
alluded to was a memorable hunting of the wild
boar at Glenshie, in Perthshire, when Diarmid
killed a boar of monstrous size, in attempting the
life of which several had perished. He was so
severely wounded that he soon after died, and was
buried near Glenshie, where there are two places
known by the names of Leab-in-tuirk, or the Boar's
head, and Uie Diarmid, or the grave of Diarmid.
The crest yields in honor to none of the heraldic
insignia. It was the emblem that served, when the
banner was rent asunder and the shield broken, as
148
History of the Campbell Family 149
a rallying point for the Knight's followers. Many
branches of the family bear their distinctive crest.
For instance, the hart's head of the Campbell of
Inverawe, borne in regard to the deer they have on
the great mountain of Cruachan. The supporters,
another of the heraldic insignia, originated from the
custom of the knights exhibiting their armorial
shields upon the barriers and pavilions on the oc-
casion of a tournament. Pages and esquires attended
to watch their master's escutcheons, and on these
occasions they assumed grotesque and fantastic
costumes, clothing themselves in the skins of lions
or bears, and hence the variety of supporters carried
in the arms of the different branches.
Many of the Armorial Bearings of the Campbells
in the Lyon Register are no longer in use, but
among those still extant, the following are of most
general interest.
The Armorial Bearings of the Duke of Argyll:
Arms. Quarterly, 1st and 4th, gyronny of eight, or
and sable, for Campbell; 2nd and 3rd, argent, a
lymphad or galley, her sails furled and oars in ac-
tion, all sable, flag and pennant flying gules, for
Lorn.
Crest^-A boar's head couped or, armed argent,
langued gules.
Supporters — Two lions guardant, gules.
Mottoes — ^Vix ea nostra voco ; and over the crest,
Ne obliviscaris.
Behind the arms of Argyll are two honorable
badges in saltire, viz: 1st, a baton, gules, semee of
thistles or, ensigned with imperial crowns proper,
thereon the crest of Scotland. The other badge is
a sword, proper, hilt and pommel or. The two
150 History of the Campbell Family
badges are borne for Hereditary Great Master of
the King's Household in Scotland, and Justice Gen-
eral of Argyllshire.
The Marquess of Breadalbane. Arms. Quarterly,
1st and 4th, gyronny of eight, or and sable, for
Campbell; 2nd, argent, a lymphad or galley sable,
sails furled oars in action, flags and pennants flying,
for Lorn ; 3rd, or, a f esse chequy azure and argent,
for Stewart.
Crest — ^A boar's head, erased, proper.
Supporters — Two stags proper, attired and un-
guled, or.
Motto — Follow me.
Earl Cawdor. Arms. Quarterly, 1st, or, a hart's
head caboshed, sable, attired gules, for Calder ; 2nd,
gyronny of eight, or and sable, for Campbell; 3rd,
argent, a lymphad, oars in action, sable, for Lorn;
4th per fesse azure and gules, a cross or, for Lort.
Crest — A swan, proper.
Supporters — Dexter, a lion guardant, gules;
sinister, a hart, proper.
Mottoes — Over the crest, Candidus cantabit
moriens; under the arms. Be Mindful.
Baron Blythswood. Arms. 1st and 4th grand
quarters, counterquartered, 1st and 4th, gyronny of
eight, or and sable, each charged with a trefoil,
slipped and counterchanged ; 2nd and 3rd argent, a
lymphad, sable ; 2nd and 3rd grand quarters, argent,
a fesse chequy, gules, and of the first, between three
mullets in chief, azure, a human heart in base,
proper.
Crests and Mottoes — ^A lymphad, motto over,
Vincit labor ; an oak tree with a lock hanging upon
one of the branches, motto over, Quae serata secura.
History of the Campbell Family 151
Supporters — On the dexter, a savage wreathed
about the temple and loins with laurel, and holding
in the dexter hand a club resting on the exterior
shoulder, proper, around his neck a gold chain
pendent therefrom an escutcheon, argent, charged
with a human h^art, gules; on the sinister, a lion
gules, gorged with a collar flory counterflory, or,
and pendent therefrom an escutcheon, argent,
charged as the dexter supporter.
Baron Stratheden and Campbell. Arms. Gyronny
of eight, or and sable, within a bordure engrailed,
quarterly, or and azure, charged with eight buckles,
counterchanged.
Crest — ^A boar's head erased gyronny of eight or
and sable.
Supporters — As Lord Stratheden, on either side
a buck, argent; as Lord Campbell, on either side a
lion guardant, gules.
Campbell of Lochnell. Arms. Quarterly, 1st and
4th, gyronny of eight, or and sable, for Campbell ;
2nd argent, a boar's head, azure; 3rd Lorn, as in
Argyll.
Crest — A dexter hand holding a lance bendways,
proper.
Supporters — Dexter, a lion guardant; sinister, a
swan.
Motto — ^Audaces juvo.
Campbell of Inverawe. Arms. Gyronny of eight,
or and sable, a bordure wavy azure charged with
eight salmon naiant, argent.
Crest — ^A hart's head, proper.
Campbell of DunstafFnage. Arms. Quarterly, 1st,
azure, a castle triple-towered argent, masoned sable,
standing on a rock proper, doors and windows,
152 History of the Campbell Family
gules, on the top of the middle tower a cock, and on
each of the others an eagle, or; 2nd, gyronny of
eight, or and sable ; 3rd, or, a f esse chequy, azure and
argent; 4th, gules, a boar's head caboshed, or, be-
tween a crescent and a spur rowel, argent, in fesse.
Crest — ^An anchor in pale, azure.
Motto — ^Vigilando.
Campbell of Barbreck. Arms. Quarterly, 1st and
4th, gyronny of eight, or and sable; 2nd, argent, a
sword, gules, pommel and hilt, sable ; 3rd argent, a
castle triple-towered, sable.
Crest — A lion's head, front faced.
Motto — I beare in minde.
Campbell of Succoth. Arms. Quarterly, 1st and
4th, Campbell, gyronny of eight, engrailed, or and
sable; 2nd and 3rd, Wallace of EUerslie, a lion
rampant, argent, within a bordure, counter com-
pony, argent and azure.
Crest — A camel's head, couped, proper.
Supporters — ^Dexter, a lion rampant guardant;
sinister, a savage, wreathed about the temple and
loins, all proper.
Mottoes — Lahore et perseverantia ; Labor omnia
superat.
Campbell of Ardnamurchan. Arms. Quarterly,
1st, or, a stag's head caboshed, sable, attired gules ;
2nd, argent, a galley, sails furled and oars in action,
sable; 3rd, gyronny of eight, or and sable; 4th, a
fesse chequy, azure and argent.
Crest — A swan, proper.
Motto — Be mindful.
Campbell of Ottar. Arms. Gyronny of eight,
ermine and sable.
History of the Campbell Family 153
Crest — A hand in pale, holding a dirk erect,
proper.
Motto — Pro patria semper.
Campbell of Auchinbreck. Arms. Gyronny of
eight, ermine and purpure.
Crest — ^A dexter hand, proper, holding a spur, or.
Motto — Forget not.
Campbell of Barcaldine and Glenure. Arms.
Quarterly, 1st, gyronny of eight, or and sable,
Campbell, on a dexter canton, argent, a bend sable,
between a unicorn's head, erased in chief, and a
cross crosslet fitchee in base, gules, Dennistoun ; 2nd,
or, a fesse chequy, azure and argent, Stewart; 3rd,
argent, a galley, sable, oars in action, Lorn; 4th,
gyronny of eight, or and sable, Campbell, on a dexter
canton, gules, two bars, of the first, Cameron; all
within a bordure quarterly, or and sable.
Crest — ^A man in full Highland garb, holding in
his dexter hand a claymore, and on his sinister arm
a target, all proper.
Supporters — ^A leopard and a stag, both proper.
Motto — Paratus sum.
Campbell of Aberuchill. Arms. Quarterly, 1st
and 4th, a gyronny of eight, or and sable; 2nd,
argent, a lymphad, her oars in action, sable; 3rd,
jor, a fesse chequy, azure and argent; all within a
border, ermine.
Crest — ^A lion guardant, crowned with laurel and
holding in his dexter paw a sword, proper, hilted
and pommelled, or, and in the sinister a dag or
Highland pistol.
Supporters — Two bloodhounds regardant collared
and leished, or.
A
154 History of the Campbell Family
Motto — Sequitur victoria fortes.
Campbell of Cessnock. Arms. Gyronny of eight,
or and sable, a bordure gules, charged with eight
escallops of the first, a canton gyronny of eight,
ermine of gules.
Crest — ^A phoenix's head erased, or.
Motto — Constanter et prudenter.
Campbell of Craignish. Arms. A shield gyronny
of eight, or and sable, suspended from the mast of
a lymphad, sable.
Crest — ^A boar's head, erased, proper.
Motto — Fit via vi.
Campbell of Ardentinny. Arms. Gyronny of
eight, sable and or, a bordure of the first charged
with eight crescents of the second.
Crest — Two oars of a galley in saltire, proper.
Motto — Terra mareque fide.
Campbell of Skipness. As Ardentinny.
Campbell of Glenlyon. Arms. Quarterly as
Breadalbane, in the centre of the quarters a man's
heart, gules, crowned or.
Crest — ^A demi lion, proper, with a collar gyronny
of eight, or and sable, and holding in his dexter paw
the heart, as in the arms.
Motto — Quae recta sequer.
Campbell of Ardkinglass. Arms. Gyronny of
eight, sable and or, a bordure of the second.
Crest — ^A galley, oars in action, proper.
Motto — Set on.
Campbell of Shawfield and Islay. Arms as Ar-
dentinny.
Crest — ^A griffin erected holding the sun within
his f orepaws, proper.
Motto — Fidus amicus.
History of the Campbell Family 155
Campbell of Lawers. Arms. Gyronny of eight,
or and sable, a bordure vair.
Crest — ^A boar's head erected and erased, or.
Motto — Fac et spera.
Campbell of Auchmannoch. Arms. Gyronny of
eight, gules and ermine, quartering Mure of Black-
law.
Crest — A double headed eagle rising from flames,
looking towards the sun.
Motto — I bide my time.
Campbell of Jura. * As Lochnell.
Campbell of Duntroon. Arms. Quarterly, 1st
and 4th, gyronny of eight, or and sable ; 2nd, argent,
a galley, oars in action, sable, surmounted by a
boar's head erased, or ; 3rd, azure, a tower, argent,
masoned sable; all within a bordure ermine.
Crest — Issuing out of the top of a tower, two
arms drawing an arrow in a bow, all proper.
Motto — ^Agite pro viribus.
The following families of the name of Campbell
all bear the gyronny of eight, with the crests and
mottoes named :
Of Moy — Crest, A swan ; Motto, Be ever mindful.
Of Mochaster — Crest, A boar's head; Motto,
Sequor. ^
Of Glenfalloch — Crest, A man's heart trans-
pierced with a dart ; Motto, Thiss f arr.
Of Lix — Crest, A boar's head ; Motto, Deo Volente.
Of Auchawillig — Crest, Two oars of a galley in
salire ; Motto, Armis et fide.
Of Dunoon — Crest, as Auchawillig; Motto, Vis
et fides.
Of Glenfeochan — Crest, A stag's head; Motto,
Mar bu mhiann dom.
156 History of the Campbell Family
Of Glenfeochan — Crest, A stag's head; Motto,
Ulterius et Melius.
Of Gargunnock — Crest, A stork; Motto, Refero.
The ancient family of Maclver-Campbell of Ask-
nish. Arms. Quarterly, 1st and 4th, grand quarters,
quarterly, 1st and 4th, gyronny of eight, or and
sable; 2nd, argent, a dexter hand couped in fesse
grasping a dagger in pale, gules; 3rd, argent, a
lymphad, sails furled and oars in action, sable ; 2nd
and 3rd grand quarters, quarterly or and gules, a
bend sable, for Maclver.
Supporters — Two leopards guardant.
Motto — Nunquam obliviscar.
Crest of my sires ! whose blood it seal'd
With glory in the strife of swords,
Ne'er may the scroll that bears it yield
Degenerate thoughts or faithless words.
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